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There is a very active tradition of hunting of small to medium-sized wild game in Trinidad and Tobago.
Where is there a very active tradition of hunting of small to medium-sized wild game?
Trinidad and Tobago
Added to that, there is a thriving and very lucrative black market for poached wild game (sold and enthusiastically purchased as expensive luxury delicacies) and the numbers of commercial poachers in operation is unknown but presumed to be fairly high.
What is there a very lucrative and thriving black market for?
poached wild game
As such hunting pressure from legal hunters is very high.
What is hunting pressure from?
high
There is a very active tradition of hunting of small to medium-sized wild game in Trinidad and Tobago.
What very active tradition Trinidad and Tabago have?
hunting of small to medium-sized wild game
Hunting is carried out with firearms, and aided by the use of hounds, with the illegal use of trap guns, trap cages and snare nets.
What animal aids in the hunting?
hounds
It appears that the red brocket deer population has been extirpated on Tobago as a result of over-hunting.
What population has extirpated?
red brocket deer
Legal hunters pay very small fees to obtain hunting licences and undergo no official basic conservation biology or hunting-ethics training.
What do hunters pay to obtain hunting license?
very small fees
Hunting is claimed to give resource managers an important tool in managing populations that might exceed the carrying capacity of their habitat and threaten the well-being of other species, or, in some instances, damage human health or safety.
What does hunting give resource managers an important tool?
managing populations
[citation needed] However, in most circumstances carrying capacity is determined by a combination habitat and food availability, and hunting for 'population control' has no effect on the annual population of species.
What is carrying capacity in most circumstances determined by?
combination habitat and food availability,
] that (re)introducing predators would achieve the same end with greater efficiency and less negative effect, such as introducing significant amounts of free lead into the environment and food chain.
What do some environmentalists assert reintroducing predators would achieve?
same end
Hunting is claimed to give resource managers an important tool in managing populations that might exceed the carrying capacity of their habitat and threaten the well-being of other species, or, in some instances, damage human health or safety.
How is hunting an important tool for resource managers?
managing populations
Hunting is claimed to give resource managers an important tool in managing populations that might exceed the carrying capacity of their habitat and threaten the well-being of other species, or, in some instances, damage human health or safety.
What happens if a population exceeds the carrying capacity of their habitat?
threaten the well-being of other species
[citation needed] In some cases, it can increase the population of predators such as coyotes by removing territorial bounds that would otherwise be established, resulting in excess neighbouring migrations into an area, thus artificially increasing the population.
How can hunting actually increase the population of predators?
by removing territorial bounds that would otherwise be established
] assert that hunting reduces intraspecific competition for food and shelter, reducing mortality among the remaining animals.
What do some hunting advocates assert that is indirectly reduced among animals when intraspecific competition has been reduced?
mortality
] that (re)introducing predators would achieve the same end with greater efficiency and less negative effect, such as introducing significant amounts of free lead into the environment and food chain.
What would environmentalists have done, instead of hunting?
(re)introducing predators
Hunting is claimed to give resource managers an important tool in managing populations that might exceed the carrying capacity of their habitat and threaten the well-being of other species, or, in some instances, damage human health or safety.
What is an important tool in managing populations?
Hunting
[citation needed] However, in most circumstances carrying capacity is determined by a combination habitat and food availability, and hunting for 'population control' has no effect on the annual population of species.
What is carrying capacity determined by?
combination habitat and food availability
[citation needed] In some cases, it can increase the population of predators such as coyotes by removing territorial bounds that would otherwise be established, resulting in excess neighbouring migrations into an area, thus artificially increasing the population.
What can it increase the population of?
predators
In the 19th century, southern and central European sport hunters often pursued game only for a trophy, usually the head or pelt of an animal, which was then displayed as a sign of prowess.
What did sport hunters in the 19th century purse game for?
trophy
In the 19th century, southern and central European sport hunters often pursued game only for a trophy, usually the head or pelt of an animal, which was then displayed as a sign of prowess.
What was the head of an animal displayed as?
sign of prowess
The rest of the animal was typically discarded.
What happened to the rest of the animal?
s typically discarded
Some cultures, however, disapprove of such waste.
What did some churches disapprove of?
such waste
In Nordic countries, hunting for trophies was—and still is—frowned upon.
What countries frowned upon this hunting?
Nordic
In the 19th century, southern and central European sport hunters often pursued game only for a trophy, usually the head or pelt of an animal, which was then displayed as a sign of prowess.
What was the only goal for many European sport hunters in the 19th century?
a trophy
In the 19th century, southern and central European sport hunters often pursued game only for a trophy, usually the head or pelt of an animal, which was then displayed as a sign of prowess.
What types of trophies would hunters keep as trophies to be displayed as a sign of their prowess?
the head or pelt of an animal
In Nordic countries, hunting for trophies was—and still is—frowned upon.
In what countries was the hunting for trophies frowned upon, back in the day and in modern times?
Nordic
Hunting in North America in the 19th century was done primarily as a way to supplement food supplies, although it is now undertaken mainly for sport.
What was hunting in North American in the 19th century used to supplement?
food supplies
[citation needed] The safari method of hunting was a development of sport hunting that saw elaborate travel in Africa, India and other places in pursuit of trophies.
What destinations did sport hunting see elaborate travel to in the pursuit of trophies?
Africa, India and other places
In the 19th century, southern and central European sport hunters often pursued game only for a trophy, usually the head or pelt of an animal, which was then displayed as a sign of prowess.
What century was game hunted as a trophy?
19th
In Nordic countries, hunting for trophies was—and still is—frowned upon.
What countries is trophy hunting frowned upon?
Nordic
Hunting in North America in the 19th century was done primarily as a way to supplement food supplies, although it is now undertaken mainly for sport.
What did North America primarily hunt for?
food supplies
[citation needed] The safari method of hunting was a development of sport hunting that saw elaborate travel in Africa, India and other places in pursuit of trophies.
What sport of hunting is in Africa?
safari method
A scientific study in the journal, Biological Conservation, states that trophy hunting is of "major importance to conservation in Africa by creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas, including areas which may be unsuitable for alternative wildlife-based land uses such as photographic ecotourism.
What Continent did the biological Conservation state trophy hunting is of major importance to the conservation of?
Africa
A scientific study in the journal, Biological Conservation, states that trophy hunting is of "major importance to conservation in Africa by creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas, including areas which may be unsuitable for alternative wildlife-based land uses such as photographic ecotourism.
What does hunting create economic incentives for?
conservation
" However, another study states that less than 3% of a trophy hunters' expenditures reach the local level, meaning that the economic incentive and benefit is "minimal, particularly when we consider the vast areas of land that hunting concessions occupy.
What did another study show that less than 3% of reached the local level?
expenditures
A scientific study in the journal, Biological Conservation, states that trophy hunting is of "major importance to conservation in Africa by creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas, including areas which may be unsuitable for alternative wildlife-based land uses such as photographic ecotourism.
What type of studies does the Biological Conservation journal publish?
scientific
A scientific study in the journal, Biological Conservation, states that trophy hunting is of "major importance to conservation in Africa by creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas, including areas which may be unsuitable for alternative wildlife-based land uses such as photographic ecotourism.
Why is trophy hunting important to conservation in Africa?
creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas
A scientific study in the journal, Biological Conservation, states that trophy hunting is of "major importance to conservation in Africa by creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas, including areas which may be unsuitable for alternative wildlife-based land uses such as photographic ecotourism.
Trophy hunting can include areas which would likely be unsuitable for what other types of ecotourism?
photographic
" However, another study states that less than 3% of a trophy hunters' expenditures reach the local level, meaning that the economic incentive and benefit is "minimal, particularly when we consider the vast areas of land that hunting concessions occupy.
How much of a trophy hunters' expenditures actually reach the local level, according to another study?
less than 3%
" However, another study states that less than 3% of a trophy hunters' expenditures reach the local level, meaning that the economic incentive and benefit is "minimal, particularly when we consider the vast areas of land that hunting concessions occupy.
What thus is the level of economic incentive and benefit?
minimal
A scientific study in the journal, Biological Conservation, states that trophy hunting is of "major importance to conservation in Africa by creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas, including areas which may be unsuitable for alternative wildlife-based land uses such as photographic ecotourism.
What is of major importance in Africa?
trophy hunting
A scientific study in the journal, Biological Conservation, states that trophy hunting is of "major importance to conservation in Africa by creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas, including areas which may be unsuitable for alternative wildlife-based land uses such as photographic ecotourism.
What does trophy hunting create in Africa?
economic incentives for conservation
" However, another study states that less than 3% of a trophy hunters' expenditures reach the local level, meaning that the economic incentive and benefit is "minimal, particularly when we consider the vast areas of land that hunting concessions occupy.
How much of trophy hunters expenditures actually reach the local level?
less than 3%
A variety of industries benefit from hunting and support hunting on economic grounds.
What do a variety of industries benefit from?
hunting
In Tanzania, it is estimated that a safari hunter spends fifty to one hundred times that of the average ecotourist.
Where is it estimated that a hunter spends fifty to one hundred times that of the average ecotourist?
Tanzania
While the average photo tourist may seek luxury accommodation, the average safari hunter generally stays in tented camps.
Where does the average safari hunter stay in?
tented camps
Advocates argue that these hunters allow for anti-poaching activities and revenue for local communities.
Advocates argue these hunters allow for what type of activities?
anti-poaching
A variety of industries benefit from hunting and support hunting on economic grounds.
What do a variety of industries obtain benefit from?
hunting
In Tanzania, it is estimated that a safari hunter spends fifty to one hundred times that of the average ecotourist.
In what country is it estimated that a safari hunter spends fifty to one hundred times what an average ecotourist does?
Tanzania
While the average photo tourist may seek luxury accommodation, the average safari hunter generally stays in tented camps.
What type of accommodations does the average photographer touring Tanzania seek?
luxury
While the average photo tourist may seek luxury accommodation, the average safari hunter generally stays in tented camps.
Where does the typical safari hunter hang his hat at night?
in tented camps
Safari hunters are also more likely to use remote areas, uninviting to the typical ecotourist.
Where can safari hunters go which are uninviting to the less hardcore ecotourist?
remote areas
In Tanzania, it is estimated that a safari hunter spends fifty to one hundred times that of the average ecotourist.
How much does a safari hunter spend compared to an average ecotourist?
fifty to one hundred times
While the average photo tourist may seek luxury accommodation, the average safari hunter generally stays in tented camps.
What does the photo tourist seek?
luxury accommodation
While the average photo tourist may seek luxury accommodation, the average safari hunter generally stays in tented camps.
Where does a safari hunter usually stay?
tented camps
Safari hunters are also more likely to use remote areas, uninviting to the typical ecotourist.
What hunters allow for anti-poaching activities?
Safari hunters
Hunting also has a significant financial impact in the United States, with many companies specialising in hunting equipment or speciality tourism.
Hunting has significant financial impact in what country?
the United States
Hunting also has a significant financial impact in the United States, with many companies specialising in hunting equipment or speciality tourism.
What do many companies specialize in apropos to hunting?
equipment or speciality tourism
Many different technologies have been created to assist hunters, even including iPhone applications.
"There's an app for that!", what have been different technologies been created to do?
assist hunters
Today's hunters come from a broad range of economic, social, and cultural backgrounds.
What broad range of backgrounds do today's hunters come from?
economic, social, and cultural
In 2001, over thirteen million hunters averaged eighteen days hunting, and spent over $20.5 billion on their sport.
How much money did the thirteen million hunters spend on their sport in 2001?
over $20.5 billion
Hunting also has a significant financial impact in the United States, with many companies specialising in hunting equipment or speciality tourism.
What type of financial impact does hunting have on the U.S.?
significant financial impact
Many different technologies have been created to assist hunters, even including iPhone applications.
What has been developed in the U.S. to help hunters?
different technologies
Many different technologies have been created to assist hunters, even including iPhone applications.
One technology that is available for hunters in the U.S. is?
iPhone applications
In 2001, over thirteen million hunters averaged eighteen days hunting, and spent over $20.5 billion on their sport.
How much did hunters spend in 2001?
over $20.5 billion
[citation needed] In the US, proceeds from hunting licenses contribute to state game management programs, including preservation of wildlife habitat.
What do the proceeds from hunting assist with?
preservation of wildlife habitat
However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the North American cougar, the Altai argali sheep, the Asian elephant and many more, primarily for commercial sale or sport.
What has excessive hunting contributed heavily to?
the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals
However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the North American cougar, the Altai argali sheep, the Asian elephant and many more, primarily for commercial sale or sport.
What do Steller's sea cow, the bluebuck, and the Javan tigers all have in common?
extinction
However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the North American cougar, the Altai argali sheep, the Asian elephant and many more, primarily for commercial sale or sport. All these animals have been hunted to endangerment or extinction.
Why have poachers killed endangered animals?
primarily for commercial sale or sport.
All these animals have been hunted to endangerment or extinction.
How have the North American cougar and Asian elephant been hunted?
to endangerment or extinction
However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the North American cougar, the Altai argali sheep, the Asian elephant and many more, primarily for commercial sale or sport.
How is excessive hunting related to the extinction of species?
contributed heavily
However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the North American cougar, the Altai argali sheep, the Asian elephant and many more, primarily for commercial sale or sport.
What contributes to endangerment?
excessive hunting
However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the North American cougar, the Altai argali sheep, the Asian elephant and many more, primarily for commercial sale or sport.
What have poachers contributed to hunting?
endangerment
On 16 March 1934, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act, which requires an annual stamp purchase by all hunters over the age of sixteen.
Who signed the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act?
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
On 16 March 1934, President Franklin D.
When did Roosevelt sign the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act?
16 March 1934
Roosevelt signed the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act, which requires an annual stamp purchase by all hunters over the age of sixteen.
What does the Act require all hunters over the age of sixteen to do?
an annual stamp purchase
They play an important role in habitat conservation because ninety-eight percent of all funds generated by their sale go directly toward the purchase or lease of wetland habitat for protection in the National Wildlife Refuge System.
What do 98% of all the funds generated by the stamp sales go to?
the purchase or lease of wetland habitat
[citation needed] In addition to waterfowl, it is estimated that one third of the nation's endangered species seek food and shelter in areas protected using Duck Stamp funds.
How much of the nation's endangered species is it estimated benefits from the protection afford by the Duck Stamp funds?
one third
Roosevelt signed the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act, which requires an annual stamp purchase by all hunters over the age of sixteen.
What act was signed in 1934?
Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act
On 16 March 1934, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act, which requires an annual stamp purchase by all hunters over the age of sixteen.
What President signed this act?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Roosevelt signed the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act, which requires an annual stamp purchase by all hunters over the age of sixteen.
What is the requirement of the act?
annual stamp purchase by all hunters over the age of sixteen
The stamps are created on behalf of the program by the US Postal Service and depict wildlife artwork chosen through an annual contest.
What do the stamps depict?
wildlife artwork
[citation needed] In addition to waterfowl, it is estimated that one third of the nation's endangered species seek food and shelter in areas protected using Duck Stamp funds.
What percentage of the endangered species seek food and shelter in areas protected using Duck Stamp Funds.
one third
Since 1934, the sale of Federal Duck Stamps has generated $670 million, and helped to purchase or lease 5,200,000 acres (8,100 sq mi;
How much money has the sale of Federal Duck Stamps generated since 1934?
$670 million
Since 1934, the sale of Federal Duck Stamps has generated $670 million, and helped to purchase or lease 5,200,000 acres (8,100 sq mi;
How many acres has the sale of Federal Duck Stamps helped to purchase or lease since 1934?
5,200,000 acres
The stamps serve as a license to hunt migratory birds, an entrance pass for all National Wildlife Refuge areas, and are also considered collectors items often purchased for aesthetic reasons outside of the hunting and birding communities.
What do the stamps give the purchaser a license to do?
hunt migratory birds
Although non-hunters buy a significant number of Duck Stamps, eighty-seven percent of their sales are contributed by hunters, which is logical, as hunters are required to purchase them.
Who accounts for eighty-seven percent of the sale of duck stamps?
hunters
Distribution of funds is managed by the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission (MBCC).
Who manages the distribution of the funds obtained by the sale of the stamps?
Migratory Bird Conservation Commission
Since 1934, the sale of Federal Duck Stamps has generated $670 million, and helped to purchase or lease 5,200,000 acres (8,100 sq mi;
How much money has been generated due to the Duck Stamp act?
$670 million
Since 1934, the sale of Federal Duck Stamps has generated $670 million, and helped to purchase or lease 5,200,000 acres (8,100 sq mi;
How much land has the Duck Stamp Act help purchase?
5,200,000 acres
The stamps serve as a license to hunt migratory birds, an entrance pass for all National Wildlife Refuge areas, and are also considered collectors items often purchased for aesthetic reasons outside of the hunting and birding communities.
What do the Duck Stamps serve as?
license to hunt migratory birds
Although non-hunters buy a significant number of Duck Stamps, eighty-seven percent of their sales are contributed by hunters, which is logical, as hunters are required to purchase them.
What percent of sales are contributed by hunters?
eighty-seven
Distribution of funds is managed by the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission (MBCC).
Who manages distribution of funds?
Migratory Bird Conservation Commission (MBCC)
The Arabian oryx, a species of large antelope, once inhabited much of the desert areas of the Middle East.
What large species of antelope once made its home in the desert areas of the Middle East?
The Arabian oryx
However, the species' striking appearance made it (along with the closely related scimitar-horned oryx and addax) a popular quarry for sport hunters, especially foreign executives of oil companies working in the region.
Why did sport hunters find the Arabian oryx to be a worthwhile quarry to hunt?
the species' striking appearance
[citation needed] The use of automobiles and high-powered rifles destroyed their only advantage: speed, and they became extinct in the wild exclusively due to sport hunting in 1972.
When did the Arabian oryx become extinct in the wild due to sport hunting?
1972
[citation needed] The use of automobiles and high-powered rifles destroyed their only advantage: speed, and they became extinct in the wild exclusively due to sport hunting in 1972.
How did hunters obliterate the advantage bestowed upon the oryx by evolution?
use of automobiles and high-powered rifles
However, the Arabian oryx has now made a comeback and been upgraded from “extinct in the wild” to “vulnerable” due to conservation efforts like captive breeding
What animal has made a miraculous comeback and been upgraded from "extinct in the wild" to "vulnerable"?
Arabian oryx
The Arabian oryx, a species of large antelope, once inhabited much of the desert areas of the Middle East.
What is a species of large antelope?
Arabian oryx
The Arabian oryx, a species of large antelope, once inhabited much of the desert areas of the Middle East.
What did the large antelope species once inhabit?
much of the desert areas of the Middle East