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It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. | To whom did the Virgin Mary allegedly appear in 1858 in Lourdes France? | Saint Bernadette Soubirous |
Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". | What is in front of the Notre Dame Main Building? | a copper statue of Christ |
Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. | The Basilica of the Sacred heart at Notre Dame is beside to which structure? | the Main Building |
Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. | What is the Grotto at Notre Dame? | a Marian place of prayer and reflection |
Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. | What sits on top of the Main Building at Notre Dame? | a golden statue of the Virgin Mary |
Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. | When did the Scholastic Magazine of Notre dame begin publishing? | September 1876 |
The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. | How often is Notre Dame's the Juggler published? | twice |
The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. | What is the daily student paper at Notre Dame called? | The Observer |
The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. | How many student news papers are found at Notre Dame? | three |
In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. | In what year did the student paper Common Sense begin publication at Notre Dame? | 1987 |
The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). | Where is the headquarters of the Congregation of the Holy Cross? | Rome |
Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is located on the campus across St. | What is the primary seminary of the Congregation of the Holy Cross? | Moreau Seminary |
Old College, the oldest building on campus and located near the shore of St. | What is the oldest structure at Notre Dame? | Old College |
Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, as well as Columba Hall near the Grotto. | What individuals live at Fatima House at Notre Dame? | Retired priests and brothers |
While not Catholic, Buechner has praised writers from Notre Dame and Moreau Seminary created a Buechner Prize for Preaching. | Which prize did Frederick Buechner create? | Buechner Prize for Preaching |
Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B. | How many BS level degrees are offered in the College of Engineering at Notre Dame? | eight |
The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. | In what year was the College of Engineering at Notre Dame formed? | 1920 |
The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. | Before the creation of the College of Engineering similar studies were carried out at which Notre Dame college? | the College of Science |
Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B. | How many departments are within the Stinson-Remick Hall of Engineering? | five |
The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. | The College of Science began to offer civil engineering courses beginning at what time at Notre Dame? | the 1870s |
The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. | What entity provides help with the management of time for new students at Notre Dame? | Learning Resource Center |
All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. | How many colleges for undergraduates are at Notre Dame? | five |
The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. | What was created at Notre Dame in 1962 to assist first year students? | The First Year of Studies program |
This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding. | Which organization declared the First Year of Studies program at Notre Dame "outstanding?" | U.S. News & World Report |
This changed in 1924 with formal requirements developed for graduate degrees, including offering Doctorate (PhD) degrees. | The granting of Doctorate degrees first occurred in what year at Notre Dame? | 1924 |
Most of the departments from the College of Arts and Letters offer PhD programs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M. | What type of degree is an M.Div.? | Master of Divinity |
Additionally, the Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States for two school years. | Which program at Notre Dame offers a Master of Education degree? | Alliance for Catholic Education |
The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. | In what year was a Master of Arts course first offered at Notre Dame? | 1854 |
All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhD programs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. | Which department at Notre Dame is the only one to not offer a PhD program? | Department of Pre-Professional Studies |
The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. | What institute at Notre Dame studies the reasons for violent conflict? | Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies |
Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. | What is the title of Notre Dame's Theodore Hesburgh? | President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame |
It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. | In what year was the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies founded? | 1986 |
Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. | To whom was John B. Kroc married? | Ray Kroc |
Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. | What company did Ray Kroc own? | McDonald's |
The main building is the 14-story Theodore M. | How many stories tall is the main library at Notre Dame? | 14 |
The main building is the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, which is the third building to house the main collection of books. | What is the name of the main library at Notre Dame? | Theodore M. Hesburgh Library |
Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, which is the third building to house the main collection of books. | In what year was the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library at Notre Dame finished? | 1963 |
The front of the library is adorned with the Word of Life mural designed by artist Millard Sheets. | Which artist created the mural on the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library? | Millard Sheets |
This mural is popularly known as "Touchdown Jesus" because of its proximity to Notre Dame Stadium and Jesus' arms appearing to make the signal for a touchdown. | What is a common name to reference the mural created by Millard Sheets at Notre Dame? | Touchdown Jesus |
Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19. | How many incoming students did Notre Dame admit in fall 2015? | 3,577 |
Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19.7%). | What percentage of students were admitted to Notre Dame in fall 2015? | 19.7% |
The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. | Where does Notre Dame rank in terms of academic profile among research universities in the US? | the top 10 to 15 in the nation |
1,400 of the 3,577 (39.1%) were admitted under the early action plan. | What percentage of students at Notre Dame participated in the Early Action program? | 39.1% |
Admitted students came from 1,311 high schools and the average student traveled more than 750 miles to Notre Dame, making it arguably the most representative university in the United States. | How many miles does the average student at Notre Dame travel to study there? | more than 750 miles |
In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among "national universities" in the United States in U. | Where did U.S. News & World Report rank Notre Dame in its 2015-2016 university rankings? | 18th overall |
com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. | Forbes.com placed Notre Dame at what position compared to other US research universities? | 8th |
BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. | The undergrad school at the Mendoza College of Business was ranked where according to BusinessWeek? | 1st overall |
In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. | In 2014 what entity named Notre Dame 10th best of all American universities? | USA Today |
Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. | What percentage of Notre Dame students decide to study abroad? | 57.6% |
Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. | What person was the Director of the Science Museum at Notre Dame in the late 19th century? | Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. |
One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. | What was the lifespan of John Augustine Zahm? | 1851–1921 |
One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. | What program did John Augustine Zahm come to co-direct at Nore Dame? | the Science Department |
His book Evolution and Dogma (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught something like it. | What book did John Zahm write in 1896? | Evolution and Dogma |
was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. | What professorship did Father Josh Carrier hold at Notre Dame? | Professor of Chemistry and Physics |
In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. | In what year did Albert Zahm begin comparing aeronatical models at Notre Dame? | 1882 |
Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. | Which professor sent the first wireless message in the USA? | Professor Jerome Green |
Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. | In what year did Jerome Green send his first wireless message? | Around 1899 |
In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. | Which individual worked on projects at Notre Dame that eventually created neoprene? | Father Julius Nieuwland |
In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. | What did the brother of John Zahm construct at Notre Dame? | an early wind tunnel |
The Lobund Institute grew out of pioneering research in germ-free-life which began in 1928. | Work on a germ-free-life ended up in the creation of which Notre Dame institute? | The Lobund Institute |
In the 1940s Lobund achieved independent status as a purely research organization and in 1950 was raised to the status of an Institute. | Around what time did Lobund of Notre Dame become independent? | the 1940s |
In the 1940s Lobund achieved independent status as a purely research organization and in 1950 was raised to the status of an Institute. | In what year did Lobund at Notre Dame become an Institute? | 1950 |
In 1958 it was brought back into the Department of Biology as integral part of that department, but with its own program leading to the degree of PhD in Gnotobiotics. | The Lobund Institute was merged into the Department of Biology at Notre Dame in what year? | 1958 |
The Lobund Institute grew out of pioneering research in germ-free-life which began in 1928. | When did study of a germ-free-life begin at Notre Dame? | 1928 |
The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. | Gurian created what in 1939 at Notre Dame? | The Review of Politics |
The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. | What was the Review of Politics inspired by? | German Catholic journals |
For 44 years, the Review was edited by Gurian, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. | Over how many years did Gurian edit the Review of Politics at Notre Dame? | 44 |
The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. | Thomas Stritch was an editor of which publican from Notre Dame? | Review of Politics |
The university president, John Jenkins, described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre–eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address. | Who was the president of Notre Dame in 2012? | John Jenkins |
The university president, John Jenkins, described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre–eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address. | The Kellogg Institute for International Studies is part of which university? | Notre Dame |
The university has many multi-disciplinary institutes devoted to research in varying fields, including the Medieval Institute, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace studies, and the Center for Social Concerns. | What does the Kroc Institute at Notre Dame focus on? | International Peace studies |
As of 2013, the university is home to the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index which ranks countries annually based on how vulnerable they are to climate change and how prepared they are to adapt. | In what year did Notre Dame begin to host the Global Adaptation Index? | 2013 |
As of 2013, the university is home to the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index which ranks countries annually based on how vulnerable they are to climate change and how prepared they are to adapt. | What threat does the Global Adaptation Index study? | climate change |
In 2014 the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,179 students, with 8,448 undergraduates, 2,138 graduate and professional and 1,593 professional (Law, M. | How many undergrads were attending Notre Dame in 2014? | 8,448 |
Around 21–24% of students are children of alumni, and although 37% of students come from the Midwestern United States, the student body represents all 50 states and 100 countries. | What percentage of students at Notre Dame are the children of former Notre Dame students? | 21–24% |
" The annual Bookstore Basketball tournament is the largest outdoor five-on-five tournament in the world with over 700 teams participating each year, while the Notre Dame Men's Boxing Club hosts the annual Bengal Bouts tournament that raises money for the Holy Cross Missions in Bangladesh. | How many teams participate in the Notre Dame Bookstore Basketball tournament? | over 700 |
" The annual Bookstore Basketball tournament is the largest outdoor five-on-five tournament in the world with over 700 teams participating each year, while the Notre Dame Men's Boxing Club hosts the annual Bengal Bouts tournament that raises money for the Holy Cross Missions in Bangladesh. | For what cause is money raised at the Bengal Bouts tournament at Notre Dame? | the Holy Cross Missions in Bangladesh |
In 2014 the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,179 students, with 8,448 undergraduates, 2,138 graduate and professional and 1,593 professional (Law, M. | How many students in total were at Notre Dame in 2014? | 12,179 |
About 80% of undergraduates and 20% of graduate students live on campus. | What percentage of undergrads live on the Notre Dame campus? | 80% |
The majority of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus, while all on-campus undergraduates live in one of the 29 residence halls. | How many student housing areas are reserved for Notre Dame's graduate students? | four |
Because of the religious affiliation of the university, all residence halls are single-sex, with 15 male dorms and 14 female dorms. | How many dorms for males are on the Notre Dame campus? | 15 |
About 80% of undergraduates and 20% of graduate students live on campus. | What amount of the graduate student body at Notre Dame live on the campus? | 20% |
Because of the religious affiliation of the university, all residence halls are single-sex, with 15 male dorms and 14 female dorms. | There are how many dorms for females at Notre Dame? | 14 |
The university is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce, abbreviated postnominals: "CSC"). | What is Congregation of Holy Cross in Latin? | Congregatio a Sancta Cruce |
While religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, more than 93% of students identify as Christian, with over 80% of the total being Catholic. | What percentage of Notre Dame students feel they are Christian? | more than 93% |
Collectively, Catholic Mass is celebrated over 100 times per week on campus, and a large campus ministry program provides for the faith needs of the community. | How often is Catholic mass held at Notre Dame in a week? | over 100 times |
Fifty-seven chapels are located throughout the campus. | How many chapels are on the Notre Dame campus? | Fifty-seven |
While religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, more than 93% of students identify as Christian, with over 80% of the total being Catholic. | What amount of the student body of Notre Dame identifies as Catholic? | over 80% |
Eventually becoming known as Washington Hall, it hosted plays and musical acts put on by the school. | What was the music hall at Notre Dame called? | Washington Hall |
This Main Building, and the library collection, was entirely destroyed by a fire in April 1879, and the school closed immediately and students were sent home. | In what year was the Main Building at Notre Dame razed in a fire? | 1879 |
Sorin and the president at the time, the Rev. William Corby, immediately planned for the rebuilding of the structure that had housed virtually the entire University. | Who was the president of Notre Dame in 1879? | Rev. William Corby |
Construction was started on the 17th of May and by the incredible zeal of administrator and workers the building was completed before the fall semester of 1879. | On what date was the rebuilding of The Main Building begun at Notre Dame after the fire that claimed the previous? | 17th of May |
By 1880, a science program was established at the university, and a Science Hall (today LaFortune Student Center) was built in 1883. | What did the Science Hall at Notre Dame come to be known as? | LaFortune Student Center |
In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. | What type of education was pushed at Notre Dame before its embracing of national standards? | scholastic and classical |
By 1921, with the addition of the College of Commerce, Notre Dame had grown from a small college to a university with five colleges and a professional law school. | Which college did Notre Dame add in 1921? | College of Commerce |
In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. | In 1919 a new president of Notre Dame was named, who was it? | Father James Burns |
In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. | Over how many years did the change to national standards undertaken at Notre Dame in the early 20th century take place? | three years |
Their graduates were shut out of Harvard Law School for that reason. | Those who attended a Jesuit college may have been forbidden from joining which Law School due to the curricula at the Jesuit institution? | Harvard Law School |
Knute Rockne became head coach in 1918. | The Notre Dame football team got a new head coach in 1918, who was it? | Knute Rockne |
Under Rockne, the Irish would post a record of 105 wins, 12 losses, and five ties. | What was the amount of wins Knute Rockne attained at Notre Dame while head coach? | 105 |
Mini Squad
A simple transformation on the SQuAD dataset for training tiny language models.
Overview
The Mini Squad dataset is a modified version of the Stanford Question Answering Dataset (SQuAD). It focuses on extracting concise context sentences around each answer, making it suitable for training small-scale language models or fine-tuning lightweight architectures.
Key Features
- Reduced Context: Extracts only the sentence containing the answer, bounded by sentence-ending punctuation (period, question mark, exclamation point, or semicolon).
- Simplified Format: Each entry includes
context
,question
, andanswer
, providing a clean and easy-to-use structure. - Preprocessed for Lightweight Models: Designed to minimize memory and computational requirements for smaller models.
Dataset Structure
The dataset consists of two splits:
train.json
: Training set.validation.json
: Validation set.
Each file is a JSON Lines file, where each line is a dictionary with the following fields:
context
: The extracted sentence containing the answer.question
: The question from the original dataset.answer
: The corresponding answer.
Example Entry
{
"context": "France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858.",
"question": "To whom did the Virgin Mary allegedly appear in 1858 in Lourdes France?",
"answer": "Saint Bernadette Soubirous"
}
Usage
Loading the Dataset
You can load the dataset using the Hugging Face datasets
library:
from datasets import load_dataset
# Load the dataset
dataset = load_dataset("zakerytclarke/mini_squad")
# Access the splits
train_df = dataset["train"].to_pandas()
validation_df = dataset["validation"].to_pandas()
print(train_df.head())
Applications
- Fine-tuning small language models.
- Training efficient QA systems.
- Use as a benchmark for lightweight NLP architectures.
File Structure
mini-squad/
|— train.json
|— validation.json
Citation
If you use Mini Squad in your research or applications, please cite the original SQuAD dataset:
@article{rajpurkar2016squad,
title={SQuAD: 100,000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Text},
author={Rajpurkar, Pranav and Zhang, Jian and Lopyrev, Konstantin and Liang, Percy},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.05250},
year={2016}
}
License
The Mini Squad dataset inherits the license of the original SQuAD dataset. Please refer to the SQuAD license for details.
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