mihirhirave/entity_extraction_ade_v2_with_validation

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The possibility of phenytoin hypersensitivity reactions should be considered when patients receiving phenytoin have unusual symptoms, particularly fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy.	[ { "ade": "lymphadenopathy", "drug": "phenytoin" }, { "ade": "rash", "drug": "phenytoin" }, { "ade": "fever", "drug": "phenytoin" }, { "ade": "hypersensitivity reactions", "drug": "phenytoin" } ]
To our knowledge, this is the first granulomatous reaction described after calcium hydroxylapatite injection.	[ { "ade": "granulomatous reaction", "drug": "calcium hydroxylapatite" } ]
Life-threatening interstitial lung disease associated with trastuzumab: case report.	[ { "ade": "interstitial lung disease", "drug": "trastuzumab" } ]
Seizures associated with fluoxetine therapy.	[ { "ade": "Seizures", "drug": "fluoxetine" } ]
Risperidone is a frequently used member of a new class of atypical antipsychotics-the serotonin-dopamine antagonists (SDAs)-due to its comparatively high efficacy and low D2/5HT2 binding ratio, which results in a low incidence of extrapyramidal side effects including tardive dyskinesia (TD).	[ { "ade": "TD", "drug": "Risperidone" }, { "ade": "tardive dyskinesia", "drug": "Risperidone" } ]
Tardive oculogyric crisis during treatment with clozapine: report of three cases.	[ { "ade": "Tardive oculogyric crisis", "drug": "clozapine" } ]
The present report describes the first case of acute pancreatitis associated with danazol treatment of endometriosis.	[ { "ade": "acute pancreatitis", "drug": "danazol" } ]
Herein, we describe a patient with AIDS who presented to medical attention with pancytopenia 48 months postchemotherapy with etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (R-EPOCH) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.	[ { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "prednisone" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "vincristine" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "rituximab" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "etoposide" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "cyclophosphamide" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "doxorubicin" } ]
CD4 T-lymphocyte depletion, myelosuppression, and subsequent severe infections are the major side effects of fludarabine phosphate therapy.	[ { "ade": "CD4 T-lymphocyte depletion", "drug": "fludarabine phosphate" }, { "ade": "myelosuppression", "drug": "fludarabine phosphate" }, { "ade": "severe infections", "drug": "fludarabine phosphate" } ]
OBJECTIVE: We report a case of cutaneous KS lesions in a patient affected by CML treated with imatinib.	[ { "ade": "cutaneous KS lesions", "drug": "imatinib" } ]
Captopril-induced pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia in an infant with congenital heart disease.	[ { "ade": "pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia", "drug": "Captopril" } ]
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of reversible nonthrombocytopenic palpable purpura associated with metoclopramide.	[ { "ade": "nonthrombocytopenic palpable purpura", "drug": "metoclopramide" } ]
However, a new episode of neutropenia, with a WBC count of 2.8 x 10(3)/mm3 and ANC of 0.448 x 10(3)/mm3, occurred 11 days after teicoplanin initiation.	[ { "ade": "neutropenia", "drug": "teicoplanin" } ]
Generalised cutaneous rash associated with ganciclovir therapy has rarely been reported in literature.	[ { "ade": "Generalised cutaneous rash", "drug": "ganciclovir" } ]
Methotrexate may rarely provoke serositis, even with low doses and after just a few weeks of therapy.	[ { "ade": "serositis", "drug": "Methotrexate" } ]
Cicatricial entropion associated with chronic dipivefrin application.	[ { "ade": "Cicatricial entropion", "drug": "dipivefrin" } ]
New onset of CD may be considered as an immune-mediated injury induced by etanercept.	[ { "ade": "CD", "drug": "etanercept" }, { "ade": "immune-mediated injury", "drug": "etanercept" } ]
Ibuprofen-induced meningitis: detection of intrathecal IgG synthesis and immune complexes.	[ { "ade": "meningitis", "drug": "Ibuprofen" } ]
Chromosome abnormalities after chlorambucil therapy of polycythaemia vera.	[ { "ade": "Chromosome abnormalities", "drug": "chlorambucil" } ]
Reversible leukopenia was documented in an 81-year-old woman treated with adjunctive ibopamine 100 mg t.i.d. for chronic congestive heart failure.	[ { "ade": "Reversible leukopenia", "drug": "ibopamine" } ]
Actinomycin D associated hepatic veno-occlusive disease--a report of 2 cases.	[ { "ade": "hepatic veno-occlusive disease", "drug": "Actinomycin D" } ]
A small number of oxaliplatin-related hemolytic and/or thrombocytopenic reactions have been reported.	[ { "ade": "hemolytic and/or thrombocytopenic reactions", "drug": "oxaliplatin" } ]
Portal vein thrombosis in a patient with severe haemophilia A and F V G1691A mutation during continuous infusion of F VIII after intramural jejunal bleeding--successful thrombolysis under heparin therapy.	[ { "ade": "Portal vein thrombosis", "drug": "F VIII" } ]
The known side effects of sibutramine, ie, hypertension and tachycardia, depend on its adrenergic and serotoninergic effects.	[ { "ade": "tachycardia", "drug": "sibutramine" }, { "ade": "hypertension", "drug": "sibutramine" } ]
Acute lung injury associated with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatinum combined chemotherapy.	[ { "ade": "Acute lung injury", "drug": "oxaliplatinum" }, { "ade": "Acute lung injury", "drug": "5-fluorouracil" } ]
Neutrophilic dermatoses in two children with idiopathic neutropenia: association with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) therapy.	[ { "ade": "Neutrophilic dermatoses", "drug": "granulocyte colony-stimulating factor" }, { "ade": "Neutrophilic dermatoses", "drug": "G-CSF" } ]
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a well-documented complication of lithium use.	[ { "ade": "Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus", "drug": "lithium" }, { "ade": "NDI", "drug": "lithium" } ]
Propranolol-induced hypertension in treatment of cocaine intoxication.	[ { "ade": "hypertension", "drug": "Propranolol" } ]
Lithium-associated transient thyrotoxicosis in 4 Chinese women with autoimmune thyroiditis.	[ { "ade": "transient thyrotoxicosis", "drug": "Lithium" } ]
CONCLUSION: The findings in these two patients suggest that colchicine may delay corneal wound healing.	[ { "ade": "delay corneal wound healing", "drug": "colchicine" } ]
Use of the Naranjo probability scale determined the association between cephalosporin use and leukopenia to be probable.	[ { "ade": "leukopenia", "drug": "cephalosporin" } ]
Dural sinus thrombosis developed in two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during induction treatment with vincristine sulfate, prednisone, and asparaginase.	[ { "ade": "Dural sinus thrombosis", "drug": "prednisone" }, { "ade": "Dural sinus thrombosis", "drug": "vincristine sulfate" }, { "ade": "Dural sinus thrombosis", "drug": "asparaginase" } ]
Cutaneous necrosis after injection of polyethylene glycol-modified interferon alfa.	[ { "ade": "Cutaneous necrosis", "drug": "interferon alfa" } ]
After stopping indapamide, glucose tolerance impairing may be reversed.	[ { "ade": "glucose tolerance impairing", "drug": "indapamide" } ]
We report the first histopathologically documented case of oral mucosa pigmentation after OLP treatment with topical tacrolimus.	[ { "ade": "oral mucosa pigmentation", "drug": "tacrolimus" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged exposure to itraconazole, administered either continuously or intermittently, may precipitate severe and irreversible hepatotoxic events.	[ { "ade": "severe and irreversible hepatotoxic events", "drug": "itraconazole" } ]
This profile should trigger a "red flag" as to the possibility of phenobarbital behavioral side effects or exacerbation of preexisting maladaptive behaviors.	[ { "ade": "behavioral side effects", "drug": "phenobarbital" }, { "ade": "exacerbation of preexisting maladaptive behaviors", "drug": "phenobarbital" } ]
In this report, one patient who developed gangrene after bleomycin and vincristine/vinblastine chemotherapy for AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma and another HIV-infected patient who exhibited symptoms of severe Raynaud's phenomenon related to the same regimen are presented.	[ { "ade": "severe Raynaud's phenomenon", "drug": "vincristine" }, { "ade": "severe Raynaud's phenomenon", "drug": "vinblastine" }, { "ade": "gangrene", "drug": "vinblastine" }, { "ade": "gangrene", "drug": "vincristine" }, { "ade": "gangrene", "drug": "bleomycin" }, { "ade": "severe Raynaud's phenomenon", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]
We recommend that clinicians monitor patients for signs and symptoms of pancreatitis, including abdominal pain, during treatment with tigecycline.	[ { "ade": "pancreatitis", "drug": "tigecycline" }, { "ade": "abdominal pain", "drug": "tigecycline" } ]
Tumor lysis syndrome after transcatheter arterial infusion of cisplatin and embolization therapy for liver metastases of melanoma.	[ { "ade": "Tumor lysis syndrome", "drug": "cisplatin" } ]
Since 1979, over 30 published case reports have documented the relationship between phenylpropanolamine and stroke.	[ { "ade": "stroke", "drug": "phenylpropanolamine" } ]
Multiple syncopal episodes started to occur during thalidomide treatment, and a Holter electrocardiogram showed multiple abnormalities, with an episode of sustained ventricular tachycardia.	[ { "ade": "sustained ventricular tachycardia", "drug": "thalidomide" }, { "ade": "Multiple syncopal episodes", "drug": "thalidomide" } ]
Thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency occurs at a frequency of one in 300 and is associated with profound myelosuppression after a short course of azathioprine.	[ { "ade": "myelosuppression", "drug": "azathioprine" } ]
We report on a patient with acromegaly who developed severe drug-induced hepatitis during combined treatment with the long-acting somatostatin-analog octreotide and the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant.	[ { "ade": "hepatitis", "drug": "pegvisomant" }, { "ade": "hepatitis", "drug": "octreotide" } ]
Cardiorespiratory toxicity due to miconazole.	[ { "ade": "Cardiorespiratory toxicity", "drug": "miconazole" } ]
CONCLUSION: Fixed drug eruption is associated with many drugs but this is the first such report with omeprazole.	[ { "ade": "eruption", "drug": "omeprazole" } ]
Toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and in vitro hemodialysis clearance of ifosfamide and metabolites in an anephric pediatric patient with Wilms' tumor.	[ { "ade": "Toxicity", "drug": "ifosfamide" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: Clarithromycin may be a cause of fulminant liver failure either alone or by inhibiting the metabolism of other drugs.	[ { "ade": "fulminant liver failure", "drug": "Clarithromycin" } ]
Successful recovery from interstitial pneumonitis, induced by bicalutamide and leuprorelin acetate given as treatment for prostate cancer.	[ { "ade": "interstitial pneumonitis", "drug": "bicalutamide" }, { "ade": "interstitial pneumonitis", "drug": "leuprorelin acetate" } ]
Adult respiratory distress syndrome after treatment with pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin.	[ { "ade": "Adult respiratory distress syndrome", "drug": "pegylated interferon alpha-2a" }, { "ade": "Adult respiratory distress syndrome", "drug": "ribavirin" } ]
Although various manifestations of pentamidine-induced cardiotoxicity have been reported, to our knowledge, second-degree heart block associated with this agent has not been described.	[ { "ade": "cardiotoxicity", "drug": "pentamidine" }, { "ade": "second-degree heart block", "drug": "pentamidine" } ]
Complete remission of the nephrosis occurred after discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine therapy.	[ { "ade": "nephrosis", "drug": "hydroxychloroquine" } ]
Ticlopidine is an oral antiplatelet agent frequently utilized in the treatment of cerebrovascular disease and is rarely associated with severe bone marrow suppression, typically aplastic anemia.	[ { "ade": "severe bone marrow suppression", "drug": "Ticlopidine" }, { "ade": "aplastic anemia", "drug": "Ticlopidine" } ]
Chronic hydroxychloroquine use associated with QT prolongation and refractory ventricular arrhythmia.	[ { "ade": "QT prolongation", "drug": "hydroxychloroquine" }, { "ade": "refractory ventricular arrhythmia", "drug": "hydroxychloroquine" } ]
However, adenosine shortens the antegrade refractoriness of accessory atrioventricular connections and may cause acceleration of the ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation.	[ { "ade": "acceleration of the ventricular rate", "drug": "adenosine" } ]
As these cases revealed, close monitoring of blood chemistry is mandatory after starting spironolactone, and patients should be advised to stop spironolactone immediately if diarrhoea develops.	[ { "ade": "diarrhoea", "drug": "spironolactone" } ]
The hypercalcemia responded to discontinuation of rhGH and a single dose of intravenous pamidronate disodium and has not recurred in 8 months of follow-up.	[ { "ade": "hypercalcemia", "drug": "rhGH" } ]
We report a 46-yr-old woman with ovarian carcinoma who developed porphyria cutanea tarda while undergoing treatment with cisplatin and cyclophosphamide.	[ { "ade": "porphyria cutanea tarda", "drug": "cyclophosphamide" }, { "ade": "porphyria cutanea tarda", "drug": "cisplatin" } ]
Esophageal candidiasis following omeprazole therapy: a report of two cases.	[ { "ade": "Esophageal candidiasis", "drug": "omeprazole" } ]
An infertile patient with amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome lost vision during a pregnancy occurring after Bromocryptine treatment.	[ { "ade": "lost vision", "drug": "Bromocryptine" } ]
To our knowledge, four cases of interstitial pneumonitis associated with fludarabine have been reported in medical literature.	[ { "ade": "interstitial pneumonitis", "drug": "fludarabine" } ]
The authors report a case of focal myocardial necrosis, presenting clinically as an acute myocardial infarction during the administration of the antineoplastic drug, amsacrine, in a patient without coronary artery disease.	[ { "ade": "acute myocardial infarction", "drug": "amsacrine" }, { "ade": "focal myocardial necrosis", "drug": "amsacrine" } ]
Cutaneous vasculitis secondary to ramipril.	[ { "ade": "Cutaneous vasculitis", "drug": "ramipril" } ]
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome due to risperidone treatment in a child with Joubert syndrome.	[ { "ade": "Neuroleptic malignant syndrome", "drug": "risperidone" } ]
In one patient the vasculitis resolved after termination of the ciprofloxacin therapy; in the other patient the ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis was superimposed on a severe forefoot infection, leading to progressive gangrene and a below-knee amputation.	[ { "ade": "below-knee amputation", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" }, { "ade": "severe forefoot infection", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" }, { "ade": "progressive gangrene", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" }, { "ade": "vasculitis", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" }, { "ade": "hemorrhagic vasculitis", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" } ]
METHODS: Repeated blood samples were drawn in a patient with severe acyclovir overdose who developed coma and nonoliguric renal failure.	[ { "ade": "nonoliguric renal failure", "drug": "acyclovir" }, { "ade": "coma", "drug": "acyclovir" } ]
We present the first case (to our knowledge) of a potentially serious drug-drug interaction between zafirlukast and theophylline.	[ { "ade": "drug-drug interaction", "drug": "zafirlukast" }, { "ade": "drug-drug interaction", "drug": "theophylline" } ]
This case supports the assessment that MH and diabetes are associated diseases and that cresol could possibly trigger MH.	[ { "ade": "MH", "drug": "cresol" } ]
After the first oral dose of propranolol, syncope developed together with atrioventricular block.	[ { "ade": "syncope", "drug": "propranolol" }, { "ade": "atrioventricular block", "drug": "propranolol" } ]
Thirty-six patients with AL received, in a three-month period, 51 cycles of combined chemotherapy which included, in all of them, cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C); among them, along with myelosuppression, five experienced fever, infectious complications, gastrointestinal tract symptoms and severe myalgias.	[ { "ade": "infectious complications", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "gastrointestinal tract symptoms", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "severe myalgias", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" }, { "ade": "fever", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "severe myalgias", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "infectious complications", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" }, { "ade": "gastrointestinal tract symptoms", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" }, { "ade": "fever", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" } ]
The cause of these previously unreported side effects of niacin therapy is uncertain but may be related to prostaglandin-mediated vasodilatation, hyperalgesia of sensory nerve receptors, and potentiation of inflammation in the gingiva with referral of pain to the teeth.	[ { "ade": "pain to the teeth", "drug": "niacin" }, { "ade": "prostaglandin-mediated vasodilatation", "drug": "niacin" }, { "ade": "hyperalgesia of sensory nerve receptors", "drug": "niacin" }, { "ade": "potentiation of inflammation in the gingiva", "drug": "niacin" } ]
Like other atypical neuroleptics olanzapine is considered to show a reduced prevalence of extrapyramidal side effects when compared to classical neuroleptic drugs.	[ { "ade": "extrapyramidal side effects", "drug": "olanzapine" } ]
She was receiving phenytoin sodium 300 mg/day; carbamazepine 200 mg four times daily had been discontinued four days before admission because of leukopenia.	[ { "ade": "leukopenia", "drug": "phenytoin sodium" }, { "ade": "leukopenia", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]
ADH hypersecretion in relation to plasma osmolality was reversed by mizoribin withdrawal, suggesting that bredinin might adversely induce SIADH.	[ { "ade": "SIADH", "drug": "bredinin" }, { "ade": "ADH hypersecretion", "drug": "mizoribin" } ]
This report describes the first case of insulin-induced cardiac failure in a patient without underlying heart disease.	[ { "ade": "cardiac failure", "drug": "insulin" } ]
Successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with allopurinol plus ketoconazole in an infant who developed pancreatitis caused by meglumine antimoniate.	[ { "ade": "pancreatitis", "drug": "meglumine antimoniate" } ]
We present the cases of two female patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) who developed inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestations, following IFN-beta therapy.	[ { "ade": "inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestations", "drug": "IFN-beta" } ]
OBJECTIVE: To report teicoplanin-related neutropenia that developed after an episode of neutropenia induced by vancomycin therapy.	[ { "ade": "neutropenia", "drug": "vancomycin" }, { "ade": "neutropenia", "drug": "teicoplanin" } ]
We present the management of agranulocytosis and neutropenic sepsis secondary to carbimazole with recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF).	[ { "ade": "neutropenic sepsis", "drug": "carbimazole" }, { "ade": "agranulocytosis", "drug": "carbimazole" } ]
Nonsustained polymorphous ventricular tachycardia during amiodarone therapy for atrial fibrillation complicating cardiomyopathy.	[ { "ade": "Nonsustained polymorphous ventricular tachycardia", "drug": "amiodarone" } ]
Listeria brain abscess, Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma after temozolomide.	[ { "ade": "Pneumocystis pneumonia", "drug": "temozolomide" }, { "ade": "Listeria brain abscess", "drug": "temozolomide" }, { "ade": "Kaposi's sarcoma", "drug": "temozolomide" } ]
Prolonged prostate-specific antigen response in flutamide withdrawal syndrome despite disease progression.	[ { "ade": "flutamide withdrawal syndrome", "drug": "flutamide" }, { "ade": "Prolonged prostate-specific antigen response", "drug": "flutamide" } ]
METHODS/RESULTS: This paper presents a new case of rifabutin uveitis and a review of the various published reports to date.	[ { "ade": "uveitis", "drug": "rifabutin" } ]
We report two patients who developed intense livedo reticularis clearly related to the administration of interferon alpha 2b as an adjuvant therapy for melanoma.	[ { "ade": "livedo reticularis", "drug": "interferon alpha 2b" } ]
The most commonly recognized toxic effect of ethambutol is optic neuropathy, which generally is considered uncommon and reversible in medical literature.	[ { "ade": "optic neuropathy", "drug": "ethambutol" } ]
Early-onset acute transverse myelitis following hepatitis B vaccination and respiratory infection: case report.	[ { "ade": "acute transverse myelitis", "drug": "hepatitis B vaccination" } ]
Accordingly, camptocormia is a dose-dependent side effect of valproate.	[ { "ade": "camptocormia", "drug": "valproate" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: Infectious endophthalmitis is a potential complication of intravitreal bevacizumab injection.	[ { "ade": "Infectious endophthalmitis", "drug": "bevacizumab" } ]
One patient developed large intramural esophageal hematoma as a complication of heparin therapy.	[ { "ade": "large intramural esophageal hematoma", "drug": "heparin" } ]
Rhabdomyolysis associated with the use of intravenous vasopressin.	[ { "ade": "Rhabdomyolysis", "drug": "vasopressin" } ]
Disseminated eruptive giant mollusca contagiosa in an adult psoriasis patient during efalizumab therapy.	[ { "ade": "Disseminated eruptive giant mollusca contagiosa", "drug": "efalizumab" } ]
The concomitant use, however, of colchicine and statin has been associated with the rapid onset of muscle weakness.	[ { "ade": "muscle weakness", "drug": "statin" }, { "ade": "muscle weakness", "drug": "colchicine" } ]
On the fifth day after administration of a high dose of ARA-C (2 g/m2 intravenously every 12 hours), she developed bullous lesions on the hands and soles that disseminated, evolving to necrosis, sepsis, and death on the 22nd day.	[ { "ade": "bullous lesions on the hands and soles that disseminated, evolving to necrosis", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "sepsis", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "death", "drug": "ARA-C" } ]
Tubulointerstitial nephritis induced by the leukotriene receptor antagonist pranlukast.	[ { "ade": "Tubulointerstitial nephritis", "drug": "pranlukast" } ]
Cholelithiasis and thrombosis of the central retinal vein in a renal transplant recipient treated with cyclosporin.	[ { "ade": "thrombosis of the central retinal vein", "drug": "cyclosporin" }, { "ade": "Cholelithiasis", "drug": "cyclosporin" } ]
Seven of the eight cases of acute leukemia occurred in a series of 553 patients treated with Treosulfan for ovarian cancer in the period from 1970 to 1977 and followed closely for a total of 1159 patient-years up to February 1978.	[ { "ade": "acute leukemia", "drug": "Treosulfan" } ]
Ticlopidine-induced aplastic anemia: two new case reports, review, and meta-analysis of 55 additional cases.	[ { "ade": "aplastic anemia", "drug": "Ticlopidine" } ]
Both had impaired lung function and abnormal computed tomographic scans, and their condition improved when nitrofurantoin was withdrawn and corticosteroid treatment commenced.	[ { "ade": "abnormal computed tomographic scans", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" }, { "ade": "impaired lung function", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" } ]
We report the occurrence of spontaneous intracranial bleeding in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescent with hemophilia A who was receiving amprenavir (APV).	[ { "ade": "intracranial bleeding", "drug": "amprenavir" } ]
We describe 2 patients with severe erosive rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid vasculitis, respectively, in whom infliximab therapy was associated with peripheral neuropathy due to necrotizing vasculitis in one patient and to progression of preexisting mononeuritis multiplex in the other.	[ { "ade": "necrotizing vasculitis", "drug": "infliximab" }, { "ade": "peripheral neuropathy", "drug": "infliximab" }, { "ade": "progression of preexisting mononeuritis multiplex", "drug": "infliximab" } ]

The possibility of phenytoin hypersensitivity reactions should be considered when patients receiving phenytoin have unusual symptoms, particularly fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy.

[ { "ade": "lymphadenopathy", "drug": "phenytoin" }, { "ade": "rash", "drug": "phenytoin" }, { "ade": "fever", "drug": "phenytoin" }, { "ade": "hypersensitivity reactions", "drug": "phenytoin" } ]

To our knowledge, this is the first granulomatous reaction described after calcium hydroxylapatite injection.

[ { "ade": "granulomatous reaction", "drug": "calcium hydroxylapatite" } ]

Life-threatening interstitial lung disease associated with trastuzumab: case report.

[ { "ade": "interstitial lung disease", "drug": "trastuzumab" } ]

Seizures associated with fluoxetine therapy.

[ { "ade": "Seizures", "drug": "fluoxetine" } ]

Risperidone is a frequently used member of a new class of atypical antipsychotics-the serotonin-dopamine antagonists (SDAs)-due to its comparatively high efficacy and low D2/5HT2 binding ratio, which results in a low incidence of extrapyramidal side effects including tardive dyskinesia (TD).

[ { "ade": "TD", "drug": "Risperidone" }, { "ade": "tardive dyskinesia", "drug": "Risperidone" } ]

Tardive oculogyric crisis during treatment with clozapine: report of three cases.

[ { "ade": "Tardive oculogyric crisis", "drug": "clozapine" } ]

The present report describes the first case of acute pancreatitis associated with danazol treatment of endometriosis.

[ { "ade": "acute pancreatitis", "drug": "danazol" } ]

Herein, we describe a patient with AIDS who presented to medical attention with pancytopenia 48 months postchemotherapy with etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (R-EPOCH) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

[ { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "prednisone" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "vincristine" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "rituximab" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "etoposide" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "cyclophosphamide" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "doxorubicin" } ]

CD4 T-lymphocyte depletion, myelosuppression, and subsequent severe infections are the major side effects of fludarabine phosphate therapy.

[ { "ade": "CD4 T-lymphocyte depletion", "drug": "fludarabine phosphate" }, { "ade": "myelosuppression", "drug": "fludarabine phosphate" }, { "ade": "severe infections", "drug": "fludarabine phosphate" } ]

OBJECTIVE: We report a case of cutaneous KS lesions in a patient affected by CML treated with imatinib.

[ { "ade": "cutaneous KS lesions", "drug": "imatinib" } ]

Captopril-induced pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia in an infant with congenital heart disease.

[ { "ade": "pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia", "drug": "Captopril" } ]

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of reversible nonthrombocytopenic palpable purpura associated with metoclopramide.

[ { "ade": "nonthrombocytopenic palpable purpura", "drug": "metoclopramide" } ]

However, a new episode of neutropenia, with a WBC count of 2.8 x 10(3)/mm3 and ANC of 0.448 x 10(3)/mm3, occurred 11 days after teicoplanin initiation.

[ { "ade": "neutropenia", "drug": "teicoplanin" } ]

Generalised cutaneous rash associated with ganciclovir therapy has rarely been reported in literature.

[ { "ade": "Generalised cutaneous rash", "drug": "ganciclovir" } ]

Methotrexate may rarely provoke serositis, even with low doses and after just a few weeks of therapy.

[ { "ade": "serositis", "drug": "Methotrexate" } ]

Cicatricial entropion associated with chronic dipivefrin application.

[ { "ade": "Cicatricial entropion", "drug": "dipivefrin" } ]

New onset of CD may be considered as an immune-mediated injury induced by etanercept.

[ { "ade": "CD", "drug": "etanercept" }, { "ade": "immune-mediated injury", "drug": "etanercept" } ]

Ibuprofen-induced meningitis: detection of intrathecal IgG synthesis and immune complexes.

[ { "ade": "meningitis", "drug": "Ibuprofen" } ]

Chromosome abnormalities after chlorambucil therapy of polycythaemia vera.

[ { "ade": "Chromosome abnormalities", "drug": "chlorambucil" } ]

Reversible leukopenia was documented in an 81-year-old woman treated with adjunctive ibopamine 100 mg t.i.d. for chronic congestive heart failure.

[ { "ade": "Reversible leukopenia", "drug": "ibopamine" } ]

Actinomycin D associated hepatic veno-occlusive disease--a report of 2 cases.

[ { "ade": "hepatic veno-occlusive disease", "drug": "Actinomycin D" } ]

A small number of oxaliplatin-related hemolytic and/or thrombocytopenic reactions have been reported.

[ { "ade": "hemolytic and/or thrombocytopenic reactions", "drug": "oxaliplatin" } ]

Portal vein thrombosis in a patient with severe haemophilia A and F V G1691A mutation during continuous infusion of F VIII after intramural jejunal bleeding--successful thrombolysis under heparin therapy.

[ { "ade": "Portal vein thrombosis", "drug": "F VIII" } ]

The known side effects of sibutramine, ie, hypertension and tachycardia, depend on its adrenergic and serotoninergic effects.

[ { "ade": "tachycardia", "drug": "sibutramine" }, { "ade": "hypertension", "drug": "sibutramine" } ]

Acute lung injury associated with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatinum combined chemotherapy.

[ { "ade": "Acute lung injury", "drug": "oxaliplatinum" }, { "ade": "Acute lung injury", "drug": "5-fluorouracil" } ]

Neutrophilic dermatoses in two children with idiopathic neutropenia: association with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) therapy.

[ { "ade": "Neutrophilic dermatoses", "drug": "granulocyte colony-stimulating factor" }, { "ade": "Neutrophilic dermatoses", "drug": "G-CSF" } ]

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a well-documented complication of lithium use.

[ { "ade": "Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus", "drug": "lithium" }, { "ade": "NDI", "drug": "lithium" } ]

Propranolol-induced hypertension in treatment of cocaine intoxication.

[ { "ade": "hypertension", "drug": "Propranolol" } ]

Lithium-associated transient thyrotoxicosis in 4 Chinese women with autoimmune thyroiditis.

[ { "ade": "transient thyrotoxicosis", "drug": "Lithium" } ]

CONCLUSION: The findings in these two patients suggest that colchicine may delay corneal wound healing.

[ { "ade": "delay corneal wound healing", "drug": "colchicine" } ]

Use of the Naranjo probability scale determined the association between cephalosporin use and leukopenia to be probable.

[ { "ade": "leukopenia", "drug": "cephalosporin" } ]

Dural sinus thrombosis developed in two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during induction treatment with vincristine sulfate, prednisone, and asparaginase.

[ { "ade": "Dural sinus thrombosis", "drug": "prednisone" }, { "ade": "Dural sinus thrombosis", "drug": "vincristine sulfate" }, { "ade": "Dural sinus thrombosis", "drug": "asparaginase" } ]

Cutaneous necrosis after injection of polyethylene glycol-modified interferon alfa.

[ { "ade": "Cutaneous necrosis", "drug": "interferon alfa" } ]

After stopping indapamide, glucose tolerance impairing may be reversed.

[ { "ade": "glucose tolerance impairing", "drug": "indapamide" } ]

We report the first histopathologically documented case of oral mucosa pigmentation after OLP treatment with topical tacrolimus.

[ { "ade": "oral mucosa pigmentation", "drug": "tacrolimus" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged exposure to itraconazole, administered either continuously or intermittently, may precipitate severe and irreversible hepatotoxic events.

[ { "ade": "severe and irreversible hepatotoxic events", "drug": "itraconazole" } ]

This profile should trigger a "red flag" as to the possibility of phenobarbital behavioral side effects or exacerbation of preexisting maladaptive behaviors.

[ { "ade": "behavioral side effects", "drug": "phenobarbital" }, { "ade": "exacerbation of preexisting maladaptive behaviors", "drug": "phenobarbital" } ]

In this report, one patient who developed gangrene after bleomycin and vincristine/vinblastine chemotherapy for AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma and another HIV-infected patient who exhibited symptoms of severe Raynaud's phenomenon related to the same regimen are presented.

[ { "ade": "severe Raynaud's phenomenon", "drug": "vincristine" }, { "ade": "severe Raynaud's phenomenon", "drug": "vinblastine" }, { "ade": "gangrene", "drug": "vinblastine" }, { "ade": "gangrene", "drug": "vincristine" }, { "ade": "gangrene", "drug": "bleomycin" }, { "ade": "severe Raynaud's phenomenon", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]

We recommend that clinicians monitor patients for signs and symptoms of pancreatitis, including abdominal pain, during treatment with tigecycline.

[ { "ade": "pancreatitis", "drug": "tigecycline" }, { "ade": "abdominal pain", "drug": "tigecycline" } ]

Tumor lysis syndrome after transcatheter arterial infusion of cisplatin and embolization therapy for liver metastases of melanoma.

[ { "ade": "Tumor lysis syndrome", "drug": "cisplatin" } ]

Since 1979, over 30 published case reports have documented the relationship between phenylpropanolamine and stroke.

[ { "ade": "stroke", "drug": "phenylpropanolamine" } ]

Multiple syncopal episodes started to occur during thalidomide treatment, and a Holter electrocardiogram showed multiple abnormalities, with an episode of sustained ventricular tachycardia.

[ { "ade": "sustained ventricular tachycardia", "drug": "thalidomide" }, { "ade": "Multiple syncopal episodes", "drug": "thalidomide" } ]

Thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency occurs at a frequency of one in 300 and is associated with profound myelosuppression after a short course of azathioprine.

[ { "ade": "myelosuppression", "drug": "azathioprine" } ]

We report on a patient with acromegaly who developed severe drug-induced hepatitis during combined treatment with the long-acting somatostatin-analog octreotide and the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant.

[ { "ade": "hepatitis", "drug": "pegvisomant" }, { "ade": "hepatitis", "drug": "octreotide" } ]

Cardiorespiratory toxicity due to miconazole.

[ { "ade": "Cardiorespiratory toxicity", "drug": "miconazole" } ]

CONCLUSION: Fixed drug eruption is associated with many drugs but this is the first such report with omeprazole.

[ { "ade": "eruption", "drug": "omeprazole" } ]

Toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and in vitro hemodialysis clearance of ifosfamide and metabolites in an anephric pediatric patient with Wilms' tumor.

[ { "ade": "Toxicity", "drug": "ifosfamide" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: Clarithromycin may be a cause of fulminant liver failure either alone or by inhibiting the metabolism of other drugs.

[ { "ade": "fulminant liver failure", "drug": "Clarithromycin" } ]

Successful recovery from interstitial pneumonitis, induced by bicalutamide and leuprorelin acetate given as treatment for prostate cancer.

[ { "ade": "interstitial pneumonitis", "drug": "bicalutamide" }, { "ade": "interstitial pneumonitis", "drug": "leuprorelin acetate" } ]

Adult respiratory distress syndrome after treatment with pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin.

[ { "ade": "Adult respiratory distress syndrome", "drug": "pegylated interferon alpha-2a" }, { "ade": "Adult respiratory distress syndrome", "drug": "ribavirin" } ]

Although various manifestations of pentamidine-induced cardiotoxicity have been reported, to our knowledge, second-degree heart block associated with this agent has not been described.

[ { "ade": "cardiotoxicity", "drug": "pentamidine" }, { "ade": "second-degree heart block", "drug": "pentamidine" } ]

Complete remission of the nephrosis occurred after discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine therapy.

[ { "ade": "nephrosis", "drug": "hydroxychloroquine" } ]

Ticlopidine is an oral antiplatelet agent frequently utilized in the treatment of cerebrovascular disease and is rarely associated with severe bone marrow suppression, typically aplastic anemia.

[ { "ade": "severe bone marrow suppression", "drug": "Ticlopidine" }, { "ade": "aplastic anemia", "drug": "Ticlopidine" } ]

Chronic hydroxychloroquine use associated with QT prolongation and refractory ventricular arrhythmia.

[ { "ade": "QT prolongation", "drug": "hydroxychloroquine" }, { "ade": "refractory ventricular arrhythmia", "drug": "hydroxychloroquine" } ]

However, adenosine shortens the antegrade refractoriness of accessory atrioventricular connections and may cause acceleration of the ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation.

[ { "ade": "acceleration of the ventricular rate", "drug": "adenosine" } ]

As these cases revealed, close monitoring of blood chemistry is mandatory after starting spironolactone, and patients should be advised to stop spironolactone immediately if diarrhoea develops.

[ { "ade": "diarrhoea", "drug": "spironolactone" } ]

The hypercalcemia responded to discontinuation of rhGH and a single dose of intravenous pamidronate disodium and has not recurred in 8 months of follow-up.

[ { "ade": "hypercalcemia", "drug": "rhGH" } ]

We report a 46-yr-old woman with ovarian carcinoma who developed porphyria cutanea tarda while undergoing treatment with cisplatin and cyclophosphamide.

[ { "ade": "porphyria cutanea tarda", "drug": "cyclophosphamide" }, { "ade": "porphyria cutanea tarda", "drug": "cisplatin" } ]

Esophageal candidiasis following omeprazole therapy: a report of two cases.

[ { "ade": "Esophageal candidiasis", "drug": "omeprazole" } ]

An infertile patient with amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome lost vision during a pregnancy occurring after Bromocryptine treatment.

[ { "ade": "lost vision", "drug": "Bromocryptine" } ]

To our knowledge, four cases of interstitial pneumonitis associated with fludarabine have been reported in medical literature.

[ { "ade": "interstitial pneumonitis", "drug": "fludarabine" } ]

The authors report a case of focal myocardial necrosis, presenting clinically as an acute myocardial infarction during the administration of the antineoplastic drug, amsacrine, in a patient without coronary artery disease.

[ { "ade": "acute myocardial infarction", "drug": "amsacrine" }, { "ade": "focal myocardial necrosis", "drug": "amsacrine" } ]

Cutaneous vasculitis secondary to ramipril.

[ { "ade": "Cutaneous vasculitis", "drug": "ramipril" } ]

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome due to risperidone treatment in a child with Joubert syndrome.

[ { "ade": "Neuroleptic malignant syndrome", "drug": "risperidone" } ]

In one patient the vasculitis resolved after termination of the ciprofloxacin therapy; in the other patient the ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis was superimposed on a severe forefoot infection, leading to progressive gangrene and a below-knee amputation.

[ { "ade": "below-knee amputation", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" }, { "ade": "severe forefoot infection", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" }, { "ade": "progressive gangrene", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" }, { "ade": "vasculitis", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" }, { "ade": "hemorrhagic vasculitis", "drug": "ciprofloxacin" } ]

METHODS: Repeated blood samples were drawn in a patient with severe acyclovir overdose who developed coma and nonoliguric renal failure.

[ { "ade": "nonoliguric renal failure", "drug": "acyclovir" }, { "ade": "coma", "drug": "acyclovir" } ]

We present the first case (to our knowledge) of a potentially serious drug-drug interaction between zafirlukast and theophylline.

[ { "ade": "drug-drug interaction", "drug": "zafirlukast" }, { "ade": "drug-drug interaction", "drug": "theophylline" } ]

This case supports the assessment that MH and diabetes are associated diseases and that cresol could possibly trigger MH.

[ { "ade": "MH", "drug": "cresol" } ]

After the first oral dose of propranolol, syncope developed together with atrioventricular block.

[ { "ade": "syncope", "drug": "propranolol" }, { "ade": "atrioventricular block", "drug": "propranolol" } ]

Thirty-six patients with AL received, in a three-month period, 51 cycles of combined chemotherapy which included, in all of them, cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C); among them, along with myelosuppression, five experienced fever, infectious complications, gastrointestinal tract symptoms and severe myalgias.

[ { "ade": "infectious complications", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "gastrointestinal tract symptoms", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "severe myalgias", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" }, { "ade": "fever", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "severe myalgias", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "infectious complications", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" }, { "ade": "gastrointestinal tract symptoms", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" }, { "ade": "fever", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" } ]

The cause of these previously unreported side effects of niacin therapy is uncertain but may be related to prostaglandin-mediated vasodilatation, hyperalgesia of sensory nerve receptors, and potentiation of inflammation in the gingiva with referral of pain to the teeth.

[ { "ade": "pain to the teeth", "drug": "niacin" }, { "ade": "prostaglandin-mediated vasodilatation", "drug": "niacin" }, { "ade": "hyperalgesia of sensory nerve receptors", "drug": "niacin" }, { "ade": "potentiation of inflammation in the gingiva", "drug": "niacin" } ]

Like other atypical neuroleptics olanzapine is considered to show a reduced prevalence of extrapyramidal side effects when compared to classical neuroleptic drugs.

[ { "ade": "extrapyramidal side effects", "drug": "olanzapine" } ]

She was receiving phenytoin sodium 300 mg/day; carbamazepine 200 mg four times daily had been discontinued four days before admission because of leukopenia.

[ { "ade": "leukopenia", "drug": "phenytoin sodium" }, { "ade": "leukopenia", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]

ADH hypersecretion in relation to plasma osmolality was reversed by mizoribin withdrawal, suggesting that bredinin might adversely induce SIADH.

[ { "ade": "SIADH", "drug": "bredinin" }, { "ade": "ADH hypersecretion", "drug": "mizoribin" } ]

This report describes the first case of insulin-induced cardiac failure in a patient without underlying heart disease.

[ { "ade": "cardiac failure", "drug": "insulin" } ]

Successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with allopurinol plus ketoconazole in an infant who developed pancreatitis caused by meglumine antimoniate.

[ { "ade": "pancreatitis", "drug": "meglumine antimoniate" } ]

We present the cases of two female patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) who developed inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestations, following IFN-beta therapy.

[ { "ade": "inflammatory musculoskeletal manifestations", "drug": "IFN-beta" } ]

OBJECTIVE: To report teicoplanin-related neutropenia that developed after an episode of neutropenia induced by vancomycin therapy.

[ { "ade": "neutropenia", "drug": "vancomycin" }, { "ade": "neutropenia", "drug": "teicoplanin" } ]

We present the management of agranulocytosis and neutropenic sepsis secondary to carbimazole with recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF).

[ { "ade": "neutropenic sepsis", "drug": "carbimazole" }, { "ade": "agranulocytosis", "drug": "carbimazole" } ]

Nonsustained polymorphous ventricular tachycardia during amiodarone therapy for atrial fibrillation complicating cardiomyopathy.

[ { "ade": "Nonsustained polymorphous ventricular tachycardia", "drug": "amiodarone" } ]

Listeria brain abscess, Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma after temozolomide.

[ { "ade": "Pneumocystis pneumonia", "drug": "temozolomide" }, { "ade": "Listeria brain abscess", "drug": "temozolomide" }, { "ade": "Kaposi's sarcoma", "drug": "temozolomide" } ]

Prolonged prostate-specific antigen response in flutamide withdrawal syndrome despite disease progression.

[ { "ade": "flutamide withdrawal syndrome", "drug": "flutamide" }, { "ade": "Prolonged prostate-specific antigen response", "drug": "flutamide" } ]

METHODS/RESULTS: This paper presents a new case of rifabutin uveitis and a review of the various published reports to date.

[ { "ade": "uveitis", "drug": "rifabutin" } ]

We report two patients who developed intense livedo reticularis clearly related to the administration of interferon alpha 2b as an adjuvant therapy for melanoma.

[ { "ade": "livedo reticularis", "drug": "interferon alpha 2b" } ]

The most commonly recognized toxic effect of ethambutol is optic neuropathy, which generally is considered uncommon and reversible in medical literature.

[ { "ade": "optic neuropathy", "drug": "ethambutol" } ]

Early-onset acute transverse myelitis following hepatitis B vaccination and respiratory infection: case report.

[ { "ade": "acute transverse myelitis", "drug": "hepatitis B vaccination" } ]

Accordingly, camptocormia is a dose-dependent side effect of valproate.

[ { "ade": "camptocormia", "drug": "valproate" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: Infectious endophthalmitis is a potential complication of intravitreal bevacizumab injection.

[ { "ade": "Infectious endophthalmitis", "drug": "bevacizumab" } ]

One patient developed large intramural esophageal hematoma as a complication of heparin therapy.

[ { "ade": "large intramural esophageal hematoma", "drug": "heparin" } ]

Rhabdomyolysis associated with the use of intravenous vasopressin.

[ { "ade": "Rhabdomyolysis", "drug": "vasopressin" } ]

Disseminated eruptive giant mollusca contagiosa in an adult psoriasis patient during efalizumab therapy.

[ { "ade": "Disseminated eruptive giant mollusca contagiosa", "drug": "efalizumab" } ]

The concomitant use, however, of colchicine and statin has been associated with the rapid onset of muscle weakness.

[ { "ade": "muscle weakness", "drug": "statin" }, { "ade": "muscle weakness", "drug": "colchicine" } ]

On the fifth day after administration of a high dose of ARA-C (2 g/m2 intravenously every 12 hours), she developed bullous lesions on the hands and soles that disseminated, evolving to necrosis, sepsis, and death on the 22nd day.

[ { "ade": "bullous lesions on the hands and soles that disseminated, evolving to necrosis", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "sepsis", "drug": "ARA-C" }, { "ade": "death", "drug": "ARA-C" } ]

Tubulointerstitial nephritis induced by the leukotriene receptor antagonist pranlukast.

[ { "ade": "Tubulointerstitial nephritis", "drug": "pranlukast" } ]

Cholelithiasis and thrombosis of the central retinal vein in a renal transplant recipient treated with cyclosporin.

[ { "ade": "thrombosis of the central retinal vein", "drug": "cyclosporin" }, { "ade": "Cholelithiasis", "drug": "cyclosporin" } ]

Seven of the eight cases of acute leukemia occurred in a series of 553 patients treated with Treosulfan for ovarian cancer in the period from 1970 to 1977 and followed closely for a total of 1159 patient-years up to February 1978.

[ { "ade": "acute leukemia", "drug": "Treosulfan" } ]

Ticlopidine-induced aplastic anemia: two new case reports, review, and meta-analysis of 55 additional cases.

[ { "ade": "aplastic anemia", "drug": "Ticlopidine" } ]

Both had impaired lung function and abnormal computed tomographic scans, and their condition improved when nitrofurantoin was withdrawn and corticosteroid treatment commenced.

[ { "ade": "abnormal computed tomographic scans", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" }, { "ade": "impaired lung function", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" } ]

We report the occurrence of spontaneous intracranial bleeding in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescent with hemophilia A who was receiving amprenavir (APV).

[ { "ade": "intracranial bleeding", "drug": "amprenavir" } ]

We describe 2 patients with severe erosive rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid vasculitis, respectively, in whom infliximab therapy was associated with peripheral neuropathy due to necrotizing vasculitis in one patient and to progression of preexisting mononeuritis multiplex in the other.

[ { "ade": "necrotizing vasculitis", "drug": "infliximab" }, { "ade": "peripheral neuropathy", "drug": "infliximab" }, { "ade": "progression of preexisting mononeuritis multiplex", "drug": "infliximab" } ]