mihirhirave/entity_extraction_ade_v2_with_validation

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OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical and pathologic findings in patients noted to develop lower gastrointestinal symptoms when exposed to rofecoxib.	[ { "ade": "lower gastrointestinal symptoms", "drug": "rofecoxib" } ]
Ototoxicity as a result of cis-platinum administration is well documented.	[ { "ade": "Ototoxicity", "drug": "cis-platinum" } ]
Sunburn may sometimes be a major injury in psoralen users because high doses or inappropriate use of the drug may render the skin extremely sensitive.	[ { "ade": "Sunburn", "drug": "psoralen" }, { "ade": "skin extremely sensitive", "drug": "psoralen" } ]
A typical case of dextran-40 associated acute renal failure is presented.	[ { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "dextran-40" } ]
Exacerbation of 5-FU dermatologic toxicities in patients with preexisting conditions suggests the importance of aggressive ocular prophylaxis, using frequent ocular lubrication and topical steroid preparations with concurrent medical management of pre-existing dermatologic conditions.	[ { "ade": "dermatologic toxicities", "drug": "5-FU" } ]
We reviewed the records of 3 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders who experienced acute coronary syndromes associated with their initial infusion of rituximab.	[ { "ade": "acute coronary syndromes", "drug": "rituximab" } ]
Gemcitabine should be added to the list of drugs known to cause radiation recall.	[ { "ade": "radiation recall", "drug": "Gemcitabine" } ]
Oxcarbazepine-induced Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS).	[ { "ade": "Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms", "drug": "Oxcarbazepine" }, { "ade": "DRESS", "drug": "Oxcarbazepine" } ]
Since this amount of FAB was insufficient to bind all DGTX present in the serum, cardiac DGTX toxicity (total AV-block) persisted.	[ { "ade": "cardiac DGTX toxicity", "drug": "DGTX" }, { "ade": "total AV-block", "drug": "DGTX" } ]
We report a case of penile fibrosis after intracavernous self-injection of a combination of phentolamine and papaverine.	[ { "ade": "penile fibrosis", "drug": "papaverine" }, { "ade": "penile fibrosis", "drug": "phentolamine" } ]
A case of liver damage following treatment with Danazol for fibrocystic breast disease is reported.	[ { "ade": "liver damage", "drug": "Danazol" } ]
There have been several reported cases of omeprazole-induced AIN.	[ { "ade": "AIN", "drug": "omeprazole" } ]
Amikacin-induced type 5 Bartter-like syndrome with severe hypocalcemia.	[ { "ade": "type 5 Bartter-like syndrome", "drug": "Amikacin" }, { "ade": "severe hypocalcemia", "drug": "Amikacin" } ]
Fulminant metoclopramide induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome rapidly responsive to intravenous dantrolene.	[ { "ade": "neuroleptic malignant syndrome", "drug": "metoclopramide" } ]
L-asparaginase-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome during acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment in children.	[ { "ade": "posterior reversible encephalopathy", "drug": "L-asparaginase" } ]
Dasatinib-induced pleural effusions: a lymphatic network disorder?	[ { "ade": "pleural effusions", "drug": "Dasatinib" } ]
A 60-year-old white man with chronic bronchitis was noted to develop acute respiratory failure and metabolic acidosis four days after being started on methazolamide (Neptazane) for an ophthalmologic problem.	[ { "ade": "metabolic acidosis", "drug": "methazolamide" }, { "ade": "acute respiratory failure", "drug": "Neptazane" }, { "ade": "acute respiratory failure", "drug": "methazolamide" }, { "ade": "metabolic acidosis", "drug": "Neptazane" } ]
Awareness of this route of intoxication might be important in patients in whom neurologic or psychiatric symptoms develop while large amounts of lidocaine cream are being used.	[ { "ade": "psychiatric symptoms", "drug": "lidocaine" } ]
L-Thyroxine-induced leukopenia in a patient with Hashimoto's disease: involvement of suppressor-cytotoxic T cells.	[ { "ade": "leukopenia", "drug": "L-Thyroxine" } ]
Two patients are described who developed sensory neuropathy after the ingestion of 30.6 and 114 g metronidazole respectively.	[ { "ade": "sensory neuropathy", "drug": "metronidazole" } ]
Various case reports concerning dapsone-induced agranulocytosis are reviewed.	[ { "ade": "agranulocytosis", "drug": "dapsone" } ]
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) induced by cyclosporine use in a patient with collapsing focal glomeruloesclerosis.	[ { "ade": "Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome", "drug": "PRES" }, { "ade": "cyclosporine", "drug": "PRES" } ]
Hepatotoxic effects in a child receiving valproate and carnitine.	[ { "ade": "Hepatotoxic effects", "drug": "valproate" }, { "ade": "Hepatotoxic effects", "drug": "carnitine" } ]
The authors report the first case of bucillamine-induced giant mammary hyperplasia.	[ { "ade": "giant mammary hyperplasia", "drug": "bucillamine" } ]
The patient's other comorbidities and medications have not been suggested as possible interactions with sertraline that can cause rhabdomyolysis.	[ { "ade": "rhabdomyolysis", "drug": "sertraline" } ]
Fluoxetine-induced akathisia: clinical and theoretical implications.	[ { "ade": "akathisia", "drug": "Fluoxetine" } ]
Polymyositis is a rare complication of interferon alpha treatment as a result of immune-modulating role of the drug itself.	[ { "ade": "Polymyositis", "drug": "interferon alpha" } ]
Warfarin-associated thoracic aortic dissection in an elderly woman.	[ { "ade": "thoracic aortic dissection", "drug": "Warfarin" } ]
Papillary necrosis associated with the HIV protease inhibitor indinavir.	[ { "ade": "Papillary necrosis", "drug": "indinavir" } ]
The toxic effects of methotrexate included elevated liver transaminases (3/4), nausea (2/4), abdominal pain (2/4), bone pain (2/4), mild neutropenia (1/4), and mild pruritus (1/4).	[ { "ade": "elevated liver transaminases", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "mild pruritus", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "mild neutropenia", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "bone pain", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "abdominal pain", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "nausea", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]
High-dose methylprednisolone in a pregnant woman with Crohn's disease and adrenal suppression in her newborn.	[ { "ade": "adrenal suppression", "drug": "methylprednisolone" } ]
RESULTS: The patient, a 27-year-old married Japanese woman with borderline personality disorder, developed an increased libido with the administration of fluvoxamine.	[ { "ade": "increased libido", "drug": "fluvoxamine" } ]
Severe akathisia during olanzapine treatment of acute schizophrenia.	[ { "ade": "Severe akathisia", "drug": "olanzapine" } ]
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of fatal hyperkalemia owing to succinylcholine administration in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy.	[ { "ade": "fatal hyperkalemia", "drug": "succinylcholine" } ]
Ciprofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.	[ { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "Ciprofloxacin" } ]
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by salazosulfapyridine in a patient with ulcerative colitis.	[ { "ade": "Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis", "drug": "salazosulfapyridine" } ]
In this report, two newborns with congenital heart anomalies demonstrated the harlequin color change, one whose skin findings showed a course related to the dose of systemic prostaglandin E1, suggesting a possible association.	[ { "ade": "harlequin color change", "drug": "prostaglandin E1" } ]
Amphotericin B-induced seizures in a patient with AIDS.	[ { "ade": "seizures", "drug": "Amphotericin B" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: In these 3 cases, the unique positive ocular finding was corneal endothelial deposits, which may be related to the use of rifabutin.	[ { "ade": "corneal endothelial deposits", "drug": "rifabutin" } ]
Other potential causes of renal failure were not present in our patient and his renal function gradually recovered with the cessation of suramin treatment.	[ { "ade": "renal failure", "drug": "suramin" } ]
We report a 43-year-old woman who developed sore throat, swelling of the lips and oral cavity and dysphagia, 2 weeks after the use of budesonide spray (Budefat) for treatment of bronchial asthma.	[ { "ade": "sore throat", "drug": "Budefat" }, { "ade": "dysphagia", "drug": "Budefat" }, { "ade": "dysphagia", "drug": "budesonide" }, { "ade": "swelling of the lips and oral cavity", "drug": "budesonide" }, { "ade": "sore throat", "drug": "budesonide" }, { "ade": "swelling of the lips and oral cavity", "drug": "Budefat" } ]
We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.	[ { "ade": "SJS", "drug": "TMP-Sx" }, { "ade": "Stevens-Johnson syndrome", "drug": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole" }, { "ade": "TEN", "drug": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole" }, { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole" }, { "ade": "SJS", "drug": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole" }, { "ade": "TEN", "drug": "TMP-Sx" }, { "ade": "Stevens-Johnson syndrome", "drug": "TMP-Sx" }, { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "TMP-Sx" } ]
Acute abdomen due to endometriosis in a premenopausal woman taking tamoxifen.	[ { "ade": "endometriosis", "drug": "tamoxifen" }, { "ade": "Acute abdomen", "drug": "tamoxifen" } ]
This unusual pattern of low-grade endometrial carcinoma adds to the spectrum of uterine neoplasia associated with tamoxifen therapy.	[ { "ade": "low-grade endometrial carcinoma", "drug": "tamoxifen" }, { "ade": "uterine neoplasia", "drug": "tamoxifen" } ]
Although other nitrites induce methemoglobinemia, exposure to methyl nitrite during phenylpropanolamine production appears to be a new cause of occupational methemoglobinemia.	[ { "ade": "methemoglobinemia", "drug": "methyl nitrite" } ]
Co-trimoxazole red cell aplasia in leukaemia.	[ { "ade": "red cell aplasia", "drug": "Co-trimoxazole" } ]
Gynecomastia associated with theophylline.	[ { "ade": "Gynecomastia", "drug": "theophylline" } ]
The oligohidrosis caused by zonisamide was reversible in that the patient regained the ability to sweat within 2 weeks of the cessation of drug administration.	[ { "ade": "oligohidrosis", "drug": "zonisamide" } ]
Leflunomide-associated weight loss in rheumatoid arthritis.	[ { "ade": "weight loss", "drug": "Leflunomide" } ]
A 22-year-old black man developed fever, chills, fatigue, night sweats, tender lymphadenopathy, and a generalized, pruritic, macular eruption 3 weeks after starting minocycline therapy for acne.	[ { "ade": "chills", "drug": "minocycline" }, { "ade": "night sweats", "drug": "minocycline" }, { "ade": "generalized, pruritic, macular eruption", "drug": "minocycline" }, { "ade": "fatigue", "drug": "minocycline" }, { "ade": "fever", "drug": "minocycline" } ]
In this article, we describe another case of subcutaneous changes following repeated glatiramer acetate injection, presented as localized panniculitis in the area around the injection sites, in a 46-year-old female patient who was treated with glatiramer acetate for 18 months.	[ { "ade": "subcutaneous changes", "drug": "glatiramer acetate" }, { "ade": "localized panniculitis", "drug": "glatiramer acetate" } ]
Focal glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis in methicillin-treated, heroin-related infective endocarditis.	[ { "ade": "interstitial nephritis", "drug": "methicillin" }, { "ade": "Focal glomerulonephritis", "drug": "methicillin" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: The value of multihormonal therapy in breast carcinoma is not established, and the addition of progestogens to tamoxifen may not reduce of developing endometrial lesions, including carcinoma.	[ { "ade": "carcinoma", "drug": "tamoxifen" }, { "ade": "endometrial lesions", "drug": "tamoxifen" } ]
Fluorouracil for allergic reactions to capecitabine.	[ { "ade": "allergic reactions", "drug": "capecitabine" } ]
Adverse reaction in a patient with aspirin-induced asthma treated with zafirlukast.	[ { "ade": "asthma", "drug": "aspirin" } ]
The toxicity and plasma concentrations of ifosfamide, chloroacetaldehyde, and 4-hydroxyifosfamide were then determined over 24 h after a single 1.6 g/m2 dose of ifosfamide.	[ { "ade": "toxicity", "drug": "chloroacetaldehyde" }, { "ade": "toxicity", "drug": "ifosfamide" }, { "ade": "toxicity", "drug": "4-hydroxyifosfamide" } ]
Assessment of cortisol response was by insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in three cases, by short tetracosactrin test in two, and by low-dose tetracosactrin and 24-hour urinary cortisol/creatinine ratio in one.	[ { "ade": "hypoglycaemia", "drug": "insulin" } ]
Sustained hypothyroidism induced by recombinant alpha interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C.	[ { "ade": "Sustained hypothyroidism", "drug": "recombinant alpha interferon" } ]
A 62-year-old Indian with diabetic nephropathy controlled with metformin, developed miliary tuberculosis for which he was treated with rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol.	[ { "ade": "miliary tuberculosis", "drug": "metformin" } ]
The disease-modifying drugs he was taking, cyclosporin and methotrexate, were stopped, and the lymphoma resolved spontaneously without the use of chemotherapy.	[ { "ade": "lymphoma", "drug": "cyclosporin" }, { "ade": "lymphoma", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]
We observed ventricular fibrillation in 2 patients who presented to the emergency department with pre-excited atrial fibrillation and were given 12 mg of adenosine.	[ { "ade": "ventricular fibrillation", "drug": "adenosine" } ]
A 40-year-old man with advanced HIV infection and Mycobacterium avium complex infection experienced rapid cognitive decline after commencement of ethambutol, and symptoms fully resolved with cessation.	[ { "ade": "rapid cognitive decline", "drug": "ethambutol" } ]
On day 4, following 3 doses of dalteparin, the patient developed acute respiratory distress attributable to a massive right hemothorax confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and intercostal drainage of 1500 mL of frank blood.	[ { "ade": "acute respiratory distress", "drug": "dalteparin" } ]
Upon discontinuation of MTX, her ascites resolved, and her arthritis became more active.	[ { "ade": "ascites", "drug": "MTX" } ]
We suggest that objective evaluation of retinal function with electrophysiological methods should be performed in patients with visual disturbance during treatment with rifabutin.	[ { "ade": "visual disturbance", "drug": "rifabutin" } ]
Pulmonary lymphohistiocytic reactions temporally related to etanercept therapy.	[ { "ade": "Pulmonary lymphohistiocytic reactions", "drug": "etanercept" } ]
Diarrhea-associated over-anticoagulation in a patient taking warfarin: therapeutic role of cholestyramine.	[ { "ade": "Diarrhea-associated over-anticoagulation", "drug": "warfarin" } ]
The authors present a case report of a granulomatous reaction leading to urethral prolapse, 3 months after the transurethral injection of calcium hydroxylapatite.	[ { "ade": "urethral prolapse", "drug": "calcium hydroxylapatite" }, { "ade": "granulomatous reaction", "drug": "calcium hydroxylapatite" } ]
Panic anxiety after abrupt discontinuation of mianserin.	[ { "ade": "Panic anxiety", "drug": "mianserin" } ]
A 42 year old man, treated for testicular carcinoma with combination chemotherapy that included bleomycin, developed life threatening interstitial pneumonitis.	[ { "ade": "interstitial pneumonitis", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]
Capecitabine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a report of five cases.	[ { "ade": "multifocal leukoencephalopathy", "drug": "Capecitabine" } ]
Serious phenytoin hypersensitivity reactions may appear as dermatologic, lymphoid, or hepatic syndromes.	[ { "ade": "dermatologic, lymphoid, or hepatic syndromes", "drug": "phenytoin" }, { "ade": "hypersensitivity reactions", "drug": "phenytoin" } ]
It was concluded that ANCA is closely related to the pathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis and that treatment with PTU appeared to induce ANCA.	[ { "ade": "ANCA", "drug": "PTU" } ]
Fludarabine induced lung toxicity must be considered in all patients who develop unexplained lung disease while receiving fludarabine.	[ { "ade": "lung disease", "drug": "Fludarabine" }, { "ade": "lung disease", "drug": "fludarabine" }, { "ade": "lung toxicity", "drug": "Fludarabine" } ]
Two days after administration of Kalimate enema, he had profuse hematochezia, and a sigmoidoscopy showed diffuse colonic mucosal necrosis in the rectum and sigmoid colon.	[ { "ade": "profuse hematochezia", "drug": "Kalimate" }, { "ade": "colonic mucosal necrosis in the rectum", "drug": "Kalimate" } ]
A 57-year-old woman with right bundle branch block +LPH and ventricular premature contractions developed complete heart block (CHB) following administration of disopyramide phosphate (Norpace).	[ { "ade": "complete heart block", "drug": "disopyramide phosphate" }, { "ade": "complete heart block", "drug": "Norpace" }, { "ade": "CHB", "drug": "disopyramide phosphate" }, { "ade": "CHB", "drug": "Norpace" } ]
Rofecoxib, used for dysmenorrhea, caused a herpetiform fixed drug eruption predominantly involving the lips with classic clinical and histological findings in a red-brown lesion on the dorsal hand.	[ { "ade": "herpetiform fixed drug eruption", "drug": "Rofecoxib" }, { "ade": "red-brown lesion", "drug": "Rofecoxib" } ]
RESULTS: One case of recurrent primary peritoneal carcinoma previously treated with a carboplatin-based regimen, developed a platinum hypersensitivity.	[ { "ade": "platinum hypersensitivity", "drug": "carboplatin" } ]
We describe the side effects of 5-FU in a colon cancer patient who suffered severe mucositis, desquamating dermatitis, prolonged myelosuppression, and neurologic toxicity that required admission to the intensive care unit.	[ { "ade": "severe mucositis", "drug": "5-FU" }, { "ade": "prolonged myelosuppression", "drug": "5-FU" }, { "ade": "neurologic toxicity", "drug": "5-FU" } ]
A 71-year-old man, who had a history of a previous bullous drug reaction to a sulfonamide, began receiving an ophthalmic preparation that contained sulfacetamide sodium.	[ { "ade": "bullous drug reaction", "drug": "sulfonamide" } ]
She was administered metoclopramide because of nausea and, within 2 hours, developed agitation, dysarthria, diaphoresis, and a movement disorder.	[ { "ade": "dysarthria", "drug": "metoclopramide" }, { "ade": "movement disorder", "drug": "metoclopramide" }, { "ade": "agitation", "drug": "metoclopramide" }, { "ade": "diaphoresis", "drug": "metoclopramide" } ]
We present a case of a 58-year-old female patient with Graves' disease who developed AA in the third exposure to methimazole (MMI).	[ { "ade": "AA", "drug": "methimazole" } ]
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe complication associated with bis-chloronitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.	[ { "ade": "Pulmonary fibrosis", "drug": "BCNU" }, { "ade": "Pulmonary fibrosis", "drug": "bis-chloronitrosourea" } ]
A 10-year-old boy with osteosarcoma and normal renal function manifested laboratory evidence of impending renal toxicity and extreme elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase within 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour infusion of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) (12 g/m2), and went on to develop acute renal failure with life-threatening hyperkalemia 29 hours later.	[ { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "MTX" }, { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase", "drug": "MTX" }, { "ade": "renal toxicity", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "renal toxicity", "drug": "MTX" } ]
DISCUSSION: The Naranjo probability scale indicated a probable relationship between sertraline treatment and the onset of rhabdomyolysis.	[ { "ade": "rhabdomyolysis", "drug": "sertraline" } ]
The case resembles two previously reported cases of optic neuropathy which occurred in patients with Wilson's disease who were receiving penicillamine.	[ { "ade": "optic neuropathy", "drug": "penicillamine" } ]
This is the first report of acute kidney injury due to zonisamide-induced DRESS/DIHS.	[ { "ade": "DRESS", "drug": "zonisamide" }, { "ade": "DIHS", "drug": "zonisamide" }, { "ade": "acute kidney injury", "drug": "zonisamide" } ]
Ulcerating enteritis associated with flucytosine therapy.	[ { "ade": "Ulcerating enteritis", "drug": "flucytosine" } ]
Gliclazide-induced acute hepatitis.	[ { "ade": "acute hepatitis", "drug": "Gliclazide" } ]
Development of Peyronie's disease during long-term colchicine treatment.	[ { "ade": "Peyronie's disease", "drug": "colchicine" } ]
The risk of developing sAML is estimated to be between 1% and 5%, 2-20 years after exposure to etoposide but may also be related to cumulative drug doses, treatment schedules, host factors and co-administration of other antineoplastic agents.	[ { "ade": "sAML", "drug": "etoposide" } ]
The authors intend to carry out a case-control study on patients treated with tamoxifen for breast carcinoma to reveal the possible presence of endometrial carcinoma.	[ { "ade": "endometrial carcinoma", "drug": "tamoxifen" } ]
We suggest discontinuing gemcitabine if radiation recall is observed.	[ { "ade": "radiation recall", "drug": "gemcitabine" } ]
Although it is difficult to be certain of the direct link of amiodarone on the basis of a single case, it is reasonable to presume that this histopathology is associated with amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism and that involution changes represent the hypofunctional status of this drug-induced disorder.	[ { "ade": "hypothyroidism", "drug": "amiodarone" } ]
Anterior lumbosacral radiculopathy after intrathecal methotrexate treatment.	[ { "ade": "Anterior lumbosacral radiculopathy", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]
Our series of 3 patients supports a causal connection between bleomycin and scleroderma.	[ { "ade": "scleroderma", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]
We describe a patient who developed acute cerebellar syndrome after prophylactic intrathecal methotrexate administration and recovered spontaneously.	[ { "ade": "acute cerebellar syndrome", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]
The syndrome of irreversible lithium-effectuated neurotoxicity (SILENT).	[ { "ade": "neurotoxicity", "drug": "lithium" } ]
We report the case of a 43-year-old man with ITP refractory to steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after a single infusion of rituximab.	[ { "ade": "acute respiratory distress syndrome", "drug": "rituximab" }, { "ade": "ARDS", "drug": "rituximab" } ]
Angio-oedema as an unusual tolerable side effect of voriconazole therapy.	[ { "ade": "Angio-oedema", "drug": "voriconazole" } ]

OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical and pathologic findings in patients noted to develop lower gastrointestinal symptoms when exposed to rofecoxib.

[ { "ade": "lower gastrointestinal symptoms", "drug": "rofecoxib" } ]

Ototoxicity as a result of cis-platinum administration is well documented.

[ { "ade": "Ototoxicity", "drug": "cis-platinum" } ]

Sunburn may sometimes be a major injury in psoralen users because high doses or inappropriate use of the drug may render the skin extremely sensitive.

[ { "ade": "Sunburn", "drug": "psoralen" }, { "ade": "skin extremely sensitive", "drug": "psoralen" } ]

A typical case of dextran-40 associated acute renal failure is presented.

[ { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "dextran-40" } ]

Exacerbation of 5-FU dermatologic toxicities in patients with preexisting conditions suggests the importance of aggressive ocular prophylaxis, using frequent ocular lubrication and topical steroid preparations with concurrent medical management of pre-existing dermatologic conditions.

[ { "ade": "dermatologic toxicities", "drug": "5-FU" } ]

We reviewed the records of 3 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders who experienced acute coronary syndromes associated with their initial infusion of rituximab.

[ { "ade": "acute coronary syndromes", "drug": "rituximab" } ]

Gemcitabine should be added to the list of drugs known to cause radiation recall.

[ { "ade": "radiation recall", "drug": "Gemcitabine" } ]

Oxcarbazepine-induced Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS).

[ { "ade": "Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms", "drug": "Oxcarbazepine" }, { "ade": "DRESS", "drug": "Oxcarbazepine" } ]

Since this amount of FAB was insufficient to bind all DGTX present in the serum, cardiac DGTX toxicity (total AV-block) persisted.

[ { "ade": "cardiac DGTX toxicity", "drug": "DGTX" }, { "ade": "total AV-block", "drug": "DGTX" } ]

We report a case of penile fibrosis after intracavernous self-injection of a combination of phentolamine and papaverine.

[ { "ade": "penile fibrosis", "drug": "papaverine" }, { "ade": "penile fibrosis", "drug": "phentolamine" } ]

A case of liver damage following treatment with Danazol for fibrocystic breast disease is reported.

[ { "ade": "liver damage", "drug": "Danazol" } ]

There have been several reported cases of omeprazole-induced AIN.

[ { "ade": "AIN", "drug": "omeprazole" } ]

Amikacin-induced type 5 Bartter-like syndrome with severe hypocalcemia.

[ { "ade": "type 5 Bartter-like syndrome", "drug": "Amikacin" }, { "ade": "severe hypocalcemia", "drug": "Amikacin" } ]

Fulminant metoclopramide induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome rapidly responsive to intravenous dantrolene.

[ { "ade": "neuroleptic malignant syndrome", "drug": "metoclopramide" } ]

L-asparaginase-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome during acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment in children.

[ { "ade": "posterior reversible encephalopathy", "drug": "L-asparaginase" } ]

Dasatinib-induced pleural effusions: a lymphatic network disorder?

[ { "ade": "pleural effusions", "drug": "Dasatinib" } ]

A 60-year-old white man with chronic bronchitis was noted to develop acute respiratory failure and metabolic acidosis four days after being started on methazolamide (Neptazane) for an ophthalmologic problem.

[ { "ade": "metabolic acidosis", "drug": "methazolamide" }, { "ade": "acute respiratory failure", "drug": "Neptazane" }, { "ade": "acute respiratory failure", "drug": "methazolamide" }, { "ade": "metabolic acidosis", "drug": "Neptazane" } ]

Awareness of this route of intoxication might be important in patients in whom neurologic or psychiatric symptoms develop while large amounts of lidocaine cream are being used.

[ { "ade": "psychiatric symptoms", "drug": "lidocaine" } ]

L-Thyroxine-induced leukopenia in a patient with Hashimoto's disease: involvement of suppressor-cytotoxic T cells.

[ { "ade": "leukopenia", "drug": "L-Thyroxine" } ]

Two patients are described who developed sensory neuropathy after the ingestion of 30.6 and 114 g metronidazole respectively.

[ { "ade": "sensory neuropathy", "drug": "metronidazole" } ]

Various case reports concerning dapsone-induced agranulocytosis are reviewed.

[ { "ade": "agranulocytosis", "drug": "dapsone" } ]

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) induced by cyclosporine use in a patient with collapsing focal glomeruloesclerosis.

[ { "ade": "Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome", "drug": "PRES" }, { "ade": "cyclosporine", "drug": "PRES" } ]

Hepatotoxic effects in a child receiving valproate and carnitine.

[ { "ade": "Hepatotoxic effects", "drug": "valproate" }, { "ade": "Hepatotoxic effects", "drug": "carnitine" } ]

The authors report the first case of bucillamine-induced giant mammary hyperplasia.

[ { "ade": "giant mammary hyperplasia", "drug": "bucillamine" } ]

The patient's other comorbidities and medications have not been suggested as possible interactions with sertraline that can cause rhabdomyolysis.

[ { "ade": "rhabdomyolysis", "drug": "sertraline" } ]

Fluoxetine-induced akathisia: clinical and theoretical implications.

[ { "ade": "akathisia", "drug": "Fluoxetine" } ]

Polymyositis is a rare complication of interferon alpha treatment as a result of immune-modulating role of the drug itself.

[ { "ade": "Polymyositis", "drug": "interferon alpha" } ]

Warfarin-associated thoracic aortic dissection in an elderly woman.

[ { "ade": "thoracic aortic dissection", "drug": "Warfarin" } ]

Papillary necrosis associated with the HIV protease inhibitor indinavir.

[ { "ade": "Papillary necrosis", "drug": "indinavir" } ]

The toxic effects of methotrexate included elevated liver transaminases (3/4), nausea (2/4), abdominal pain (2/4), bone pain (2/4), mild neutropenia (1/4), and mild pruritus (1/4).

[ { "ade": "elevated liver transaminases", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "mild pruritus", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "mild neutropenia", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "bone pain", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "abdominal pain", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "nausea", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]

High-dose methylprednisolone in a pregnant woman with Crohn's disease and adrenal suppression in her newborn.

[ { "ade": "adrenal suppression", "drug": "methylprednisolone" } ]

RESULTS: The patient, a 27-year-old married Japanese woman with borderline personality disorder, developed an increased libido with the administration of fluvoxamine.

[ { "ade": "increased libido", "drug": "fluvoxamine" } ]

Severe akathisia during olanzapine treatment of acute schizophrenia.

[ { "ade": "Severe akathisia", "drug": "olanzapine" } ]

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of fatal hyperkalemia owing to succinylcholine administration in a patient with mucositis secondary to chemotherapy.

[ { "ade": "fatal hyperkalemia", "drug": "succinylcholine" } ]

Ciprofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

[ { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "Ciprofloxacin" } ]

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by salazosulfapyridine in a patient with ulcerative colitis.

[ { "ade": "Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis", "drug": "salazosulfapyridine" } ]

In this report, two newborns with congenital heart anomalies demonstrated the harlequin color change, one whose skin findings showed a course related to the dose of systemic prostaglandin E1, suggesting a possible association.

[ { "ade": "harlequin color change", "drug": "prostaglandin E1" } ]

Amphotericin B-induced seizures in a patient with AIDS.

[ { "ade": "seizures", "drug": "Amphotericin B" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: In these 3 cases, the unique positive ocular finding was corneal endothelial deposits, which may be related to the use of rifabutin.

[ { "ade": "corneal endothelial deposits", "drug": "rifabutin" } ]

Other potential causes of renal failure were not present in our patient and his renal function gradually recovered with the cessation of suramin treatment.

[ { "ade": "renal failure", "drug": "suramin" } ]

We report a 43-year-old woman who developed sore throat, swelling of the lips and oral cavity and dysphagia, 2 weeks after the use of budesonide spray (Budefat) for treatment of bronchial asthma.

[ { "ade": "sore throat", "drug": "Budefat" }, { "ade": "dysphagia", "drug": "Budefat" }, { "ade": "dysphagia", "drug": "budesonide" }, { "ade": "swelling of the lips and oral cavity", "drug": "budesonide" }, { "ade": "sore throat", "drug": "budesonide" }, { "ade": "swelling of the lips and oral cavity", "drug": "Budefat" } ]

We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) secondary to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-Sx) therapy for presumed community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection.

[ { "ade": "SJS", "drug": "TMP-Sx" }, { "ade": "Stevens-Johnson syndrome", "drug": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole" }, { "ade": "TEN", "drug": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole" }, { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole" }, { "ade": "SJS", "drug": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole" }, { "ade": "TEN", "drug": "TMP-Sx" }, { "ade": "Stevens-Johnson syndrome", "drug": "TMP-Sx" }, { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "TMP-Sx" } ]

Acute abdomen due to endometriosis in a premenopausal woman taking tamoxifen.

[ { "ade": "endometriosis", "drug": "tamoxifen" }, { "ade": "Acute abdomen", "drug": "tamoxifen" } ]

This unusual pattern of low-grade endometrial carcinoma adds to the spectrum of uterine neoplasia associated with tamoxifen therapy.

[ { "ade": "low-grade endometrial carcinoma", "drug": "tamoxifen" }, { "ade": "uterine neoplasia", "drug": "tamoxifen" } ]

Although other nitrites induce methemoglobinemia, exposure to methyl nitrite during phenylpropanolamine production appears to be a new cause of occupational methemoglobinemia.

[ { "ade": "methemoglobinemia", "drug": "methyl nitrite" } ]

Co-trimoxazole red cell aplasia in leukaemia.

[ { "ade": "red cell aplasia", "drug": "Co-trimoxazole" } ]

Gynecomastia associated with theophylline.

[ { "ade": "Gynecomastia", "drug": "theophylline" } ]

The oligohidrosis caused by zonisamide was reversible in that the patient regained the ability to sweat within 2 weeks of the cessation of drug administration.

[ { "ade": "oligohidrosis", "drug": "zonisamide" } ]

Leflunomide-associated weight loss in rheumatoid arthritis.

[ { "ade": "weight loss", "drug": "Leflunomide" } ]

A 22-year-old black man developed fever, chills, fatigue, night sweats, tender lymphadenopathy, and a generalized, pruritic, macular eruption 3 weeks after starting minocycline therapy for acne.

[ { "ade": "chills", "drug": "minocycline" }, { "ade": "night sweats", "drug": "minocycline" }, { "ade": "generalized, pruritic, macular eruption", "drug": "minocycline" }, { "ade": "fatigue", "drug": "minocycline" }, { "ade": "fever", "drug": "minocycline" } ]

In this article, we describe another case of subcutaneous changes following repeated glatiramer acetate injection, presented as localized panniculitis in the area around the injection sites, in a 46-year-old female patient who was treated with glatiramer acetate for 18 months.

[ { "ade": "subcutaneous changes", "drug": "glatiramer acetate" }, { "ade": "localized panniculitis", "drug": "glatiramer acetate" } ]

Focal glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis in methicillin-treated, heroin-related infective endocarditis.

[ { "ade": "interstitial nephritis", "drug": "methicillin" }, { "ade": "Focal glomerulonephritis", "drug": "methicillin" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: The value of multihormonal therapy in breast carcinoma is not established, and the addition of progestogens to tamoxifen may not reduce of developing endometrial lesions, including carcinoma.

[ { "ade": "carcinoma", "drug": "tamoxifen" }, { "ade": "endometrial lesions", "drug": "tamoxifen" } ]

Fluorouracil for allergic reactions to capecitabine.

[ { "ade": "allergic reactions", "drug": "capecitabine" } ]

Adverse reaction in a patient with aspirin-induced asthma treated with zafirlukast.

[ { "ade": "asthma", "drug": "aspirin" } ]

The toxicity and plasma concentrations of ifosfamide, chloroacetaldehyde, and 4-hydroxyifosfamide were then determined over 24 h after a single 1.6 g/m2 dose of ifosfamide.

[ { "ade": "toxicity", "drug": "chloroacetaldehyde" }, { "ade": "toxicity", "drug": "ifosfamide" }, { "ade": "toxicity", "drug": "4-hydroxyifosfamide" } ]

Assessment of cortisol response was by insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in three cases, by short tetracosactrin test in two, and by low-dose tetracosactrin and 24-hour urinary cortisol/creatinine ratio in one.

[ { "ade": "hypoglycaemia", "drug": "insulin" } ]

Sustained hypothyroidism induced by recombinant alpha interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

[ { "ade": "Sustained hypothyroidism", "drug": "recombinant alpha interferon" } ]

A 62-year-old Indian with diabetic nephropathy controlled with metformin, developed miliary tuberculosis for which he was treated with rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol.

[ { "ade": "miliary tuberculosis", "drug": "metformin" } ]

The disease-modifying drugs he was taking, cyclosporin and methotrexate, were stopped, and the lymphoma resolved spontaneously without the use of chemotherapy.

[ { "ade": "lymphoma", "drug": "cyclosporin" }, { "ade": "lymphoma", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]

We observed ventricular fibrillation in 2 patients who presented to the emergency department with pre-excited atrial fibrillation and were given 12 mg of adenosine.

[ { "ade": "ventricular fibrillation", "drug": "adenosine" } ]

A 40-year-old man with advanced HIV infection and Mycobacterium avium complex infection experienced rapid cognitive decline after commencement of ethambutol, and symptoms fully resolved with cessation.

[ { "ade": "rapid cognitive decline", "drug": "ethambutol" } ]

On day 4, following 3 doses of dalteparin, the patient developed acute respiratory distress attributable to a massive right hemothorax confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and intercostal drainage of 1500 mL of frank blood.

[ { "ade": "acute respiratory distress", "drug": "dalteparin" } ]

Upon discontinuation of MTX, her ascites resolved, and her arthritis became more active.

[ { "ade": "ascites", "drug": "MTX" } ]

We suggest that objective evaluation of retinal function with electrophysiological methods should be performed in patients with visual disturbance during treatment with rifabutin.

[ { "ade": "visual disturbance", "drug": "rifabutin" } ]

Pulmonary lymphohistiocytic reactions temporally related to etanercept therapy.

[ { "ade": "Pulmonary lymphohistiocytic reactions", "drug": "etanercept" } ]

Diarrhea-associated over-anticoagulation in a patient taking warfarin: therapeutic role of cholestyramine.

[ { "ade": "Diarrhea-associated over-anticoagulation", "drug": "warfarin" } ]

The authors present a case report of a granulomatous reaction leading to urethral prolapse, 3 months after the transurethral injection of calcium hydroxylapatite.

[ { "ade": "urethral prolapse", "drug": "calcium hydroxylapatite" }, { "ade": "granulomatous reaction", "drug": "calcium hydroxylapatite" } ]

Panic anxiety after abrupt discontinuation of mianserin.

[ { "ade": "Panic anxiety", "drug": "mianserin" } ]

A 42 year old man, treated for testicular carcinoma with combination chemotherapy that included bleomycin, developed life threatening interstitial pneumonitis.

[ { "ade": "interstitial pneumonitis", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]

Capecitabine-induced multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a report of five cases.

[ { "ade": "multifocal leukoencephalopathy", "drug": "Capecitabine" } ]

Serious phenytoin hypersensitivity reactions may appear as dermatologic, lymphoid, or hepatic syndromes.

[ { "ade": "dermatologic, lymphoid, or hepatic syndromes", "drug": "phenytoin" }, { "ade": "hypersensitivity reactions", "drug": "phenytoin" } ]

It was concluded that ANCA is closely related to the pathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis and that treatment with PTU appeared to induce ANCA.

[ { "ade": "ANCA", "drug": "PTU" } ]

Fludarabine induced lung toxicity must be considered in all patients who develop unexplained lung disease while receiving fludarabine.

[ { "ade": "lung disease", "drug": "Fludarabine" }, { "ade": "lung disease", "drug": "fludarabine" }, { "ade": "lung toxicity", "drug": "Fludarabine" } ]

Two days after administration of Kalimate enema, he had profuse hematochezia, and a sigmoidoscopy showed diffuse colonic mucosal necrosis in the rectum and sigmoid colon.

[ { "ade": "profuse hematochezia", "drug": "Kalimate" }, { "ade": "colonic mucosal necrosis in the rectum", "drug": "Kalimate" } ]

A 57-year-old woman with right bundle branch block +LPH and ventricular premature contractions developed complete heart block (CHB) following administration of disopyramide phosphate (Norpace).

[ { "ade": "complete heart block", "drug": "disopyramide phosphate" }, { "ade": "complete heart block", "drug": "Norpace" }, { "ade": "CHB", "drug": "disopyramide phosphate" }, { "ade": "CHB", "drug": "Norpace" } ]

Rofecoxib, used for dysmenorrhea, caused a herpetiform fixed drug eruption predominantly involving the lips with classic clinical and histological findings in a red-brown lesion on the dorsal hand.

[ { "ade": "herpetiform fixed drug eruption", "drug": "Rofecoxib" }, { "ade": "red-brown lesion", "drug": "Rofecoxib" } ]

RESULTS: One case of recurrent primary peritoneal carcinoma previously treated with a carboplatin-based regimen, developed a platinum hypersensitivity.

[ { "ade": "platinum hypersensitivity", "drug": "carboplatin" } ]

We describe the side effects of 5-FU in a colon cancer patient who suffered severe mucositis, desquamating dermatitis, prolonged myelosuppression, and neurologic toxicity that required admission to the intensive care unit.

[ { "ade": "severe mucositis", "drug": "5-FU" }, { "ade": "prolonged myelosuppression", "drug": "5-FU" }, { "ade": "neurologic toxicity", "drug": "5-FU" } ]

A 71-year-old man, who had a history of a previous bullous drug reaction to a sulfonamide, began receiving an ophthalmic preparation that contained sulfacetamide sodium.

[ { "ade": "bullous drug reaction", "drug": "sulfonamide" } ]

She was administered metoclopramide because of nausea and, within 2 hours, developed agitation, dysarthria, diaphoresis, and a movement disorder.

[ { "ade": "dysarthria", "drug": "metoclopramide" }, { "ade": "movement disorder", "drug": "metoclopramide" }, { "ade": "agitation", "drug": "metoclopramide" }, { "ade": "diaphoresis", "drug": "metoclopramide" } ]

We present a case of a 58-year-old female patient with Graves' disease who developed AA in the third exposure to methimazole (MMI).

[ { "ade": "AA", "drug": "methimazole" } ]

Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe complication associated with bis-chloronitrosourea (BCNU) therapy.

[ { "ade": "Pulmonary fibrosis", "drug": "BCNU" }, { "ade": "Pulmonary fibrosis", "drug": "bis-chloronitrosourea" } ]

A 10-year-old boy with osteosarcoma and normal renal function manifested laboratory evidence of impending renal toxicity and extreme elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase within 2 hours after the completion of a 4-hour infusion of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) (12 g/m2), and went on to develop acute renal failure with life-threatening hyperkalemia 29 hours later.

[ { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "MTX" }, { "ade": "acute renal failure", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "elevation of aspartate aminotrasferase", "drug": "MTX" }, { "ade": "renal toxicity", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "renal toxicity", "drug": "MTX" } ]

DISCUSSION: The Naranjo probability scale indicated a probable relationship between sertraline treatment and the onset of rhabdomyolysis.

[ { "ade": "rhabdomyolysis", "drug": "sertraline" } ]

The case resembles two previously reported cases of optic neuropathy which occurred in patients with Wilson's disease who were receiving penicillamine.

[ { "ade": "optic neuropathy", "drug": "penicillamine" } ]

This is the first report of acute kidney injury due to zonisamide-induced DRESS/DIHS.

[ { "ade": "DRESS", "drug": "zonisamide" }, { "ade": "DIHS", "drug": "zonisamide" }, { "ade": "acute kidney injury", "drug": "zonisamide" } ]

Ulcerating enteritis associated with flucytosine therapy.

[ { "ade": "Ulcerating enteritis", "drug": "flucytosine" } ]

Gliclazide-induced acute hepatitis.

[ { "ade": "acute hepatitis", "drug": "Gliclazide" } ]

Development of Peyronie's disease during long-term colchicine treatment.

[ { "ade": "Peyronie's disease", "drug": "colchicine" } ]

The risk of developing sAML is estimated to be between 1% and 5%, 2-20 years after exposure to etoposide but may also be related to cumulative drug doses, treatment schedules, host factors and co-administration of other antineoplastic agents.

[ { "ade": "sAML", "drug": "etoposide" } ]

The authors intend to carry out a case-control study on patients treated with tamoxifen for breast carcinoma to reveal the possible presence of endometrial carcinoma.

[ { "ade": "endometrial carcinoma", "drug": "tamoxifen" } ]

We suggest discontinuing gemcitabine if radiation recall is observed.

[ { "ade": "radiation recall", "drug": "gemcitabine" } ]

Although it is difficult to be certain of the direct link of amiodarone on the basis of a single case, it is reasonable to presume that this histopathology is associated with amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism and that involution changes represent the hypofunctional status of this drug-induced disorder.

[ { "ade": "hypothyroidism", "drug": "amiodarone" } ]

Anterior lumbosacral radiculopathy after intrathecal methotrexate treatment.

[ { "ade": "Anterior lumbosacral radiculopathy", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]

Our series of 3 patients supports a causal connection between bleomycin and scleroderma.

[ { "ade": "scleroderma", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]

We describe a patient who developed acute cerebellar syndrome after prophylactic intrathecal methotrexate administration and recovered spontaneously.

[ { "ade": "acute cerebellar syndrome", "drug": "methotrexate" } ]

The syndrome of irreversible lithium-effectuated neurotoxicity (SILENT).

[ { "ade": "neurotoxicity", "drug": "lithium" } ]

We report the case of a 43-year-old man with ITP refractory to steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after a single infusion of rituximab.

[ { "ade": "acute respiratory distress syndrome", "drug": "rituximab" }, { "ade": "ARDS", "drug": "rituximab" } ]

Angio-oedema as an unusual tolerable side effect of voriconazole therapy.

[ { "ade": "Angio-oedema", "drug": "voriconazole" } ]