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[ { "answer": "obsidian [or itztli]", "answer_primary": "obsidian", "clean_answers": [ "obsidian", "itztli" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this form of glass sourced from volcanic sites and used in Aztec weapons.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "jaguars [or ocēlōtl; accept jaguar warriors; accept jaguar knights; prompt on cats]", "answer_primary": "jaguars", "clean_answers": [ "jaguar warriors", "jaguars", "ocēlōtl", "jaguar", "jaguar knights" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "The two classes of elite Aztec warriors that used the macuahuitl and recruited from all social classes were named after eagles and these animals.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "atlatl (“aht-LAH-tull”)", "answer_primary": "atlatl", "clean_answers": [ "atlatl" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Jaguar and eagle warriors also used a weapon named for this Nahua word, a device often adorned with snake decorations that were used in conjunction with tlacochtli.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Virgil [or Publius Vergilius Maro]", "answer_primary": "Virgil", "clean_answers": [ "Virgil", "Vergil", "Publius Vergilius Maro" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Des Esseintes describes the protagonist as a “weak-willed, irresolute person who walks with wooden gestures” in what author’s Aeneid?", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Theocritus", "answer_primary": "Theocritus", "clean_answers": [ "Theocritus" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "Des Esseintes was willing to excuse Virgil’s “impudent borrowings” from Homer, Lucretius, Ennius, and this author. Virgil’s Eclogues were modeled on the bucolic Idylls of this poet, who is mentioned in the first of the Sonnets from the Portuguese.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Macrobius [or Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius]", "answer_primary": "Macrobius", "clean_answers": [ "Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius", "Macrobius" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Des Esseintes could not excuse Virgil’s “plain theft” of Pisander, as revealed by this author. This 5th-century author wrote the lore book Saturnalia and a commentary on Cicero’s Dream of Scipio.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Nancy Holt", "answer_primary": "Nancy Holt", "clean_answers": [ "Holt", "Nancy Holt" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this land artist who created the piece Sun Tunnels in Utah, where she rallied to preserve Spiral Jetty by her late husband Robert Smithson.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Texas [or TX]", "answer_primary": "Texas", "clean_answers": [ "Texas", "TX" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "After Smithson’s death, Holt completed his piece Amarillo Ramp in this US state, whose town of Marfa contains Donald Judd’s land art piece 15 Untitled Works in Concrete. This state is also home to the Rothko Chapel.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Richard Serra", "answer_primary": "Richard Serra", "clean_answers": [ "Richard Serra", "Serra" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "On live TV in 1974, this artist videotaped Holt listening to herself with a one-second delay for their collaboration Boomerang. This artist became embroiled in a free speech trial about his steel sculpture Tilted Arc.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "convolution [or word forms like convolve]", "answer_primary": "convolution", "clean_answers": [ "convolve", "word forms like convolve", "convolution" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "If they are independent and each has a density, the density of their sum equals this operation of their densities. For functions f and g, this operation is denoted “f star g” and defined via an integral of their shifted product.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "expected value [or EV; accept expectation value; accept arithmetic mean or average]", "answer_primary": "expected value", "clean_answers": [ "expectation", "average", "arithmetic mean", "mean", "EV", "expectation value", "expected value" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "Conveniently, this quantity is linear under any dependence between the random variables. This quantity, which is a distribution’s first moment, is typically denoted “mu” or “X-bar.”", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "two times the covariance of X and Y [accept equivalents like twice the covariance; reject “covariance” or other answers that omit the factor of two]", "answer_primary": "two times the covariance of X and Y", "clean_answers": [ "equivalents like twice the covariance; reject covariance", "twice", "two times the covariance of X and Y", "cov", "other answers that omit the factor of two", "two", "two covariance", "twice cov", "covariance" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "To the bane of many intro probability students, variance is not linear in general. For arbitrary random variables X and Y, the variance of “X plus Y” equals the variance of X, plus the variance of Y, plus what expression?", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Mark Sykes AND François Georges-Picot [accept Sykes–Picot Agreement; accept Sir Tatton Benvenuto Mark Sykes in place of “Mark Sykes”; accept François Marie Denis Georges-Picot in place of “François Georges-Picot”]", "answer_primary": "Mark Sykes AND François Georges-Picot", "clean_answers": [ "Sykes–Picot Agreement", "Mark Sykes AND François Georges-Picot", "François Marie Denis Georges-Picot in place of François Georges-Picot", "Sykes–Picot", "Sykes", "Sykes Picot", "Picot", "Sir Tatton Benvenuto Mark Sykes in place of Mark Sykes" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name these two diplomats who signed a secret treaty in 1916 that informed negotiations at San Remo. The Balfour Declaration was made regarding territory assigned to Britain under that treaty signed by these diplomats.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "T. E. Lawrence [or Lawrence of Arabia; or Thomas Edward Lawrence]", "answer_primary": "T. E. Lawrence", "clean_answers": [ "T. E. Lawrence", "Lawrence", "Lawrence of Arabia", "Thomas Edward Lawrence" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "The Sykes–Picot agreement was viewed as a betrayal by this British officer, who aided Faisal’s Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule and wrote the autobiography Seven Pillars of Wisdom.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Henry McMahon (“mick-MAN”) [or Sir Vincent Arthur Henry McMahon]", "answer_primary": "Henry McMahon", "clean_answers": [ "Sir Vincent Arthur Henry McMahon", "McMahon", "Henry McMahon" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "This diplomat resigned his post in protest after the publishing of the Sykes–Picot agreement. This diplomat had indicated the UK’s intention to recognize Arab independence in a series of letters sent to Hussein bin Ali.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Afropolitan [or Afropolitanism]", "answer_primary": "Afropolitan", "clean_answers": [ "Afropolitan", "Afropolitanism" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this term that Achille Mbembe applied to highly mobile writers like Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. This portmanteau term blends two elements: a prefix from a “pessimism” theorized by Frank B. Wilderson and the [emphasize] second part of an ideology promoted in a 2006 book by Kwame Anthony Appiah.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Zimbabwe [or Republic of Zimbabwe] (We Need New Names is by NoViolet Bulawayo.)", "answer_primary": "Zimbabwe", "clean_answers": [ "Zimbabwe", "Republic of Zimbabwe" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "We Need New Names is by NoViolet Bulawayo.", "number": 2, "part": "We Need New Names, a novel from this country, is often called Afropolitan. The authors Dambudzo Marechera and Tsitsi Dangarembga were born in this country.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "travel writing [or travelogues or travels; prompt on memoirs or autobiographies]", "answer_primary": "travel writing", "clean_answers": [ "travels", "travelogues", "travel", "travel writing", "travelogue" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "An essay by M. Rocío Cobo-Piñero classifies Noo Saro-Wiwa’s Looking for Transwonderland as an Afropolitan work in this genre. The writings of Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo are often read as pre-modern works in this genre.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Massachusetts [or MA]", "answer_primary": "Massachusetts", "clean_answers": [ "Massachusetts", "MA" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Lydia Taft, who lived in this state’s town of Uxbridge, was the first woman to vote in the US officially. Margaret Fuller was an early feminist from this state’s city of Cambridge.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "New Jersey [or NJ]", "answer_primary": "New Jersey", "clean_answers": [ "New Jersey", "NJ" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "This state’s 1776 constitution referred to voters as “he or she,” specifying only a certain property limit. In this state, Mary Hays, who inspired Molly Pitcher, was a water carrier at a battle where Charles Lee ordered a retreat.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Queens County", "answer_primary": "Queens County", "clean_answers": [ "Queens County", "Queens" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "In this county, “two old widdows” were granted the right to vote, according to a 1733 article. Edward Hart wrote a Remonstrance named for a town in this county that denounced a ban on Quaker worship.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "triple helix [accept triple-stranded DNA or RNA; accept H-DNA or Triplex-DNA]", "answer_primary": "triple helix", "clean_answers": [ "triple-stranded DNA", "triple-stranded", "H-DNA", "RNA", "Triplex-DNA", "triple helix" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name or describe this characteristic sometimes observed in satellite DNA that may cause genetic instability by interfering with transcription. A disproven theory posited by Linus Pauling claimed that DNA has this structural characteristic.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "hydrogen bonds [or H-bonds]", "answer_primary": "hydrogen bonds", "clean_answers": [ "hydrogen bonds", "hydrogen bond", "H-bonds", "H-bond" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "Karst Hoogsteen reported his namesake base pairing by observing an alternative one of these interactions between adenine and thymine. These intermolecular interactions are named for the lightest element.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "aptamers", "answer_primary": "aptamers", "clean_answers": [ "aptamers", "aptamer" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Hoogsteen base pairs also allow for the formation of G-quadruplex secondary structures, which are useful in the design of these artificial oligomers that target a specific ligand. These molecules are produced in a technique called SELEX.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "DSCH [or D, E-flat, C, B natural; prompt on Dmitri Shostakovich’s initials or signature]", "answer_primary": "DSCH", "clean_answers": [ "D, E-flat, C, B", "DSCH", "D, E-flat, C, B natural" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this motif that ends every movement of another composer’s sixth string quartet, and begins a quartet by that composer dedicated “to the victims of fascism and war.”", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Belyayev circle", "answer_primary": "Belyayev circle", "clean_answers": [ "Belyayev", "Belyayev circle" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "In his third string quartet, Nikolai Myaskovsky encoded a jab at Antony Lyadov, a member of this circle of composers named for a publisher and philanthropist. A quartet written collectively by this group is titled for the cryptogram B-flat, A, F.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "USSR [or Soviet Union; or Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; or CCCP; or SSSR; or Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik; prompt on Russia, Rossiya, Russian Federation, or Rossiyskaya Federatsiya]", "answer_primary": "USSR", "clean_answers": [ "Soviet", "Soviet Union", "CCCP", "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", "Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik", "SSSR", "Sovetskikh", "USSR" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "The Belyayev circle influenced traditionalists like Myaskovsky, who is known as the father of this country’s symphony. This country’s regime censured modernists like Schnittke and Shostakovich.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "cities [or city; accept city-state; accept La città felice; accept City of Ladies or Cité des Dames]", "answer_primary": "cities", "clean_answers": [ "City of Ladies", "cities", "Cité", "city", "Cité des Dames", "La città felice", "città", "City", "city-state" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "What sort of place partly titles a 1405 book inspired by Boccaccio’s On Famous Women? That book about an allegorical one of these places responds to the misogyny of Jean de Meun’s Roman de la Rose.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Tommaso Campanella [or Giovanni Domenico Campanella]", "answer_primary": "Tommaso Campanella", "clean_answers": [ "Tommaso Campanella", "Campanella", "Giovanni Domenico Campanella" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "A Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller and a Genoese sea captain discuss the ideal egalitarian society in The City of the Sun, a work by this Italian philosopher of the late Renaissance.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Utopia", "answer_primary": "Utopia", "clean_answers": [ "Utopia" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "The most enduring Renaissance work on the ideal city is likely this book by Thomas More, in which 54 cities on an island form the title perfect commonwealth.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Charles Dickens [or Charles John Huffam Dickens]", "answer_primary": "Charles Dickens", "clean_answers": [ "Charles Dickens", "Charles John Huffam Dickens", "Dickens" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this author whose work inspired Peter Carey’s novel Jack Maggs. The opening line of The Catcher in the Rye refers to “all that David Copperfield kind of crap,” referencing a novel by this author.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Barbara Kingsolver [or Barbara Ellen Kingsolver] (The novels are Demon Copperhead and The Poisonwood Bible.)", "answer_primary": "Barbara Kingsolver", "clean_answers": [ "Barbara Ellen Kingsolver", "Kingsolver", "Barbara Kingsolver" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "The novels are Demon Copperhead and The Poisonwood Bible.", "number": 2, "part": "A Pulitzer-winning 2022 novel by this author retells David Copperfield in impoverished Appalachia. The Price family travels to the Congo on a mission trip in another novel by this author.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "The Sellout (by Paul Beatty)", "answer_primary": "The Sellout", "clean_answers": [ "The Sellout", "Sellout" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "by Paul Beatty", "number": 3, "part": "A writing club updates Great Expectations to the more realistic Measured Expectations in this 2015 novel. In this novel, Bonbon tries to reintroduce slavery and segregation to the disincorporated town of Dickens.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "hosts AND guests [accept host–guest chemistry]", "answer_primary": "hosts AND guests", "clean_answers": [ "guest", "host–guest chemistry", "hosts AND guests", "host guest", "host", "host–guest" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name these two kinds of compounds whose non-covalent interactions are studied in a branch of supramolecular chemistry, exemplified by the binding of metal cations to crown ethers.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "enzymes", "answer_primary": "enzymes", "clean_answers": [ "enzyme", "enzymes" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "Host–guest chemistry is analogous to the binding of substrates to these catalytic proteins.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "phosphorescence [prompt on luminescence; reject “fluorescence”]", "answer_primary": "phosphorescence", "clean_answers": [ "phosphorescence" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Among the many applications for host–guest chemistry is a room-temperature form of this phenomenon, which occurs when electrons are locked into a slower triplet state.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Agatha Christie [or Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, Lady Mallowan; or Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller]", "answer_primary": "Agatha Christie", "clean_answers": [ "Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller", "Christie", "Agatha Christie", "Miller", "Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, Lady Mallowan" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "This prolific author began including courtroom elements in her mystery novel Sad Cypress, one of the dozens of books she wrote featuring Hercule Poirot.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "G. K. Chesterton [or Gilbert Keith Chesterton]", "answer_primary": "G. K. Chesterton", "clean_answers": [ "G. K. Chesterton", "Gilbert Keith Chesterton", "Chesterton" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "Squire Vane disappears among a grove of possibly eldritch “peacock trees” in this author’s mystery novella The Trees of Pride. This Catholic author also wrote The Napoleon of Notting Hill and created the priest-detective Father Brown.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Tana French", "answer_primary": "Tana French", "clean_answers": [ "French", "Tana French" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Toby suffers from PTSD in this author’s 2018 mystery thriller The Witch Elm. Adam is found crawling out of the woods with slashes on his back in this American-Irish author’s novel In the Woods, which is part of her Dublin Murder Squad series.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Sergio [or Sergio Sollima; or Sergio Corbucci; or Sergio Leone]", "answer_primary": "Sergio", "clean_answers": [ "Sergio", "Sergio Sollima", "Sergio Corbucci", "Sergio Leone" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Ennio Morricone composed the scores for The Big Gundown, Django, and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, which were all Spaghetti westerns directed by Italians who share what first name?", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "silence [or silenzio; accept The Great Silence or Il grande silenzio]", "answer_primary": "silence", "clean_answers": [ "silenzio", "Silence", "silence", "The Great Silence", "Il grande silenzio" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "A bleak 1968 “snow western” by Sergio Corbucci follows an outlaw named for this concept. In a Martin Scorsese film titled for this concept, a Portuguese priest sees an apparition of El Greco’s portrait of Christ.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Cannibal Holocaust", "answer_primary": "Cannibal Holocaust", "clean_answers": [ "Cannibal Holocaust" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Corbucci’s assistant on Django, Ruggero Deodato, was arrested on obscenity charges for directing this film associated with the mondo genre. Real animals were slaughtered for this gory 1980 film about the search for a documentary crew in the Amazon.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "omer (“OH-mair”) [or Counting of the Omer; or Sefirat HaOmer; accept Lag BaOmer or Lag B’Omer]", "answer_primary": "omer", "clean_answers": [ "Lag BaOmer", "Counting of the Omer", "Omer", "omer", "Lag B’Omer", "Sefirat HaOmer" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "What seven-week period is named for the “counting of” a unit of volume often used to measure wheat?", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Passover [or Pesach; accept Passover Seder]", "answer_primary": "Passover", "clean_answers": [ "Pesach", "Passover", "Passover Seder" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "The omer offering occurs on the second day of this holiday, when the Counting of the Omer begins. Stories from the Book of Exodus are read from the Haggadah at the beginning of this holiday.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Shimon bar Yochai (“shee-MOAN bar yo-high”) [or Shimon bar Yochai; or Shimon ben Yochai; or Simeon bar Yochai; or Rashbi; accept Kever Rashbi; prompt on Yochai]", "answer_primary": "Shimon bar Yochai", "clean_answers": [ "Shimon bar Yochai", "Simeon", "ben Yochai", "Shimon ben Yochai", "bar Yochai", "Rashbi", "Kever Rashbi", "Shimon", "Simeon bar Yochai" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Pilgrims often travel to the tomb of this figure to light bonfires on Lag BaOmer, the 33rd day of the Counting of the Omer. Three-year-old Hasidic Jews are encouraged to receive their upsherin, or first haircut, at this figure’s tomb on Mount Meron.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Boltzmann’s H [or Boltzmann’s eta; accept H-theorem or eta-theorem; reject “enthalpy”]", "answer_primary": "Boltzmann’s H", "clean_answers": [ "Boltzmann’s eta", "H", "eta-theorem; reject enthalpy", "Boltzmann’s H", "H-theorem", "eta" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this quantity whose dynamics cannot necessarily obey time-reversal symmetry, according to Loschmidt’s paradox. A result named for this quantity assumes the Stosszahlansatz in its derivation.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "second law of thermodynamics [prompt on second law]", "answer_primary": "second law of thermodynamics", "clean_answers": [ "thermodynamics", "second law of thermodynamics", "second law", "second law thermodynamics" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "Because a decrease in the quantity H corresponds to an increase in a system’s entropy, the H-theorem can be used to prove this statement which asserts that the entropy of a closed system increases over time.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "thermal fluctuations [accept fluctuation–dissipation theorem]", "answer_primary": "thermal fluctuations", "clean_answers": [ "fluctuation", "fluctuation–dissipation theorem", "thermal fluctuations" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Boltzmann’s H may slightly increase in finite systems due to these phenomena, the deviation of a quantity from its average value. A theorem in statistical physics corresponds these phenomena to dissipations.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "anthropology [or critical medical anthropology]", "answer_primary": "anthropology", "clean_answers": [ "critical medical anthropology", "anthropology" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this field whose “medical” subfield studies how people understand and experience various elements of health and illness. This field’s practitioners included Clifford Geertz.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Mountains Beyond Mountains [or Mountains Beyond Mountains: The Quest of Dr. Paul Farmer, A Man Who Would Cure the World]", "answer_primary": "Mountains Beyond Mountains", "clean_answers": [ "Mountains Beyond Mountains" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "This 2003 biographical work by Tracy Kidder centers on a medical anthropologist who wrote AIDS and Accusation and distributed antibiotics to countries like Haiti and Peru.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "culture-bound syndrome [or culture-bound disorder; or culture-specific syndrome]", "answer_primary": "culture-bound syndrome", "clean_answers": [ "culture-bound disorder", "culture-specific", "culture-specific syndrome", "culture-bound", "culture-bound syndrome" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Medical anthropologists use this term to describe folk illnesses only found within specific settings, such as koro in Southeast Asian communities or dhat syndrome in India.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Old Kingdom [accept Age of the Pyramids or Age of the Pyramid-Builders; prompt on Third, Fourth or Fifth Dynasties by asking “what broader period were those part of?”]", "answer_primary": "Old Kingdom", "clean_answers": [ "Old Kingdom", "Age of the Pyramid-Builders", "Age of the Pyramids" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this third-millennium BCE period of ancient Egyptian history that was followed by the First Intermediate Period and a subsequent “Middle” counterpart.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "turquoise [or mefkat or mafkat or mfk’t]", "answer_primary": "turquoise", "clean_answers": [ "mefkat", "turquoise", "mafkat", "mfk’t" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "The Sinai peninsula was referred to as the “Mining Country” and the “Ladders of” this material due to its prevalence there. A temple to Hathor was built in support of mining this material by Senusret I.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Thutmose III [or Thutmose the Great; accept “Thutmosis” or “Thothmes” in place of “Thutmose”; prompt on Thutmose or Tuthmosis or Thothmes]", "answer_primary": "Thutmose III", "clean_answers": [ "Thutmose III", "Thutmose the Great", "Thothmes in place of Thutmose", "Thutmosis" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "The rock-cut chamber at Serabit el-Khadim, where turquoise was mined, was later expanded by this pharaoh. This stepson of Hatshepsut won the Battle of Megiddo.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Michael Pollan (“PAW-lun”) [or Michael Kevin Pollan]", "answer_primary": "Michael Pollan", "clean_answers": [ "Michael Pollan", "Pollan", "Michael Kevin Pollan" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name this journalist and popular science writer who consumed various psychedelics for his book How to Change Your Mind. This author hunted, gathered, and grew an entire meal for his book The Omnivore’s Dilemma.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "“mostly plants” [accept “Eat food. Not too much. Mostly plants.”]", "answer_primary": "“mostly plants”", "clean_answers": [ "mostly plants", "Eat food. Not too much. Mostly plants.", "Mostly plants." ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "Pollan’s books In Defense of Food and Food Rules both present a pithy seven-word summary of his dietary advice, which begins “Eat food. Not too much.” and ends with these two words.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "tables [accept kitchen tables or dinner tables]", "answer_primary": "tables", "clean_answers": [ "table", "tables", "kitchen tables", "dinner tables" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "Jonathan Safran Foer critiqued Pollan’s view that veganism violates a type of culinary “fellowship” named for these objects. Chez Panisse launched a locavore movement named for bringing food from “farm-to” these objects.", "value": 10 } ]

[ { "answer": "Nisus AND Euryalus (“yur-RYE-uh-luss”)", "answer_primary": "Nisus AND Euryalus", "clean_answers": [ "Nisus", "Nisus AND Euryalus", "Nisus Euryalus", "Euryalus" ], "difficulty_modifier": "h", "explanation": "", "number": 1, "part": "Name these two lovers who are killed while leading a night raid in Book IX of the Aeneid.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "helmets [or helms; accept caps or hats]", "answer_primary": "helmets", "clean_answers": [ "helms", "helm", "helmet", "hat", "cap", "caps", "helmets", "hats" ], "difficulty_modifier": "e", "explanation": "", "number": 2, "part": "Euryalus attracts the attention of Turnus’s men during the raid after looting one of these objects. Hades was the original owner of one of these objects that granted invisibility and was given to Perseus.", "value": 10 }, { "answer": "Remus", "answer_primary": "Remus", "clean_answers": [ "Remus" ], "difficulty_modifier": "m", "explanation": "", "number": 3, "part": "During the raid, Nisus beheads a leader with this name. A man with this name lost an augury contest when he counted six fewer birds than his opponent.", "value": 10 } ]