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01f7f493d5bbe6c7c8a877c092d469eb162492d5 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01f7f493d5bbe6c7c8a877c092d469eb162492d5 | Synthesis, properties, and Anti-HIV activity of new lipophilic 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine conjugates containing functional phosphoric linkages | null | Russian journal of bioorganic chemistry | 2,013 | 0 | null | [
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01f896d77d6a15c10407c7e0be5475342a272201 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01f896d77d6a15c10407c7e0be5475342a272201 | From nanoplates to microtubes and microrods: a surfactant-free rolling mechanism for facile fabrication and morphology evolution of Ag2S films. | By a simple and facile wet-chemistry technique without any surfactant, various shapes of Ag(2)S crystals--including leaflike pentagonal nanoplates, crinkly nanoscrolls, hexagonal prismlike microtubes, and microrods--were fabricated in situ on a large-area silver-foil surface separately. Detailed experiments revealed that the Ag(2)S nanoplates were formed just by immersing the silver foil in a sulfur/ethanol solution at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and they subsequently rolled into nanoscrolls and further grew into microtubes and microrods under solvothermal conditions. Inspired by the natural curling of a piece of foliage, we proposed a surfactant-free rolling mechanism to interpret the observed morphological evolution from lamellar to tubular structures. Based on these simple, practical, and green chemical synthetic routes, we can easily synthesize lamellar, scrolled, tubular, and clubbed Ag(2)S crystals by simply adjusting the reaction temperature, pressure, and time. It is very interesting to note that the current rolling process is quite different from the previous reported rolling mechanism that highly depends on the surfactants; we revealed that the lamellar Ag(2)S could be rolled into tubular structures without using any surfactant or other chemical additives, just like the natural rolling process of a piece of foliage. Therefore, this morphology-controlled synthetic route of Ag(2)S crystals may provide new insight into the synthesis of metal sulfide semiconducting micro-/nanocrystals with desired morphologies for further industrial applications. The optical properties of the pentagonal Ag(2)S nanoplates/film were also investigated by UV/Vis and photoluminescence (PL) techniques, which showed large blue-shift of the corresponding UV/Vis and PL spectra. | Chemistry | 2,011 | 22 | null | [
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"name": "Dapeng Li"
},
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"name": "Zhi Zheng"
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"name": "K. Wong"
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{
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"name": "W. Lau"
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] | null | null | 301 |
01f8eadc529da5d89e0ba5e0f719515651086e11 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01f8eadc529da5d89e0ba5e0f719515651086e11 | Synthesis and characterization of new aromatic polyesters containing biphenyl side groups | Aromatic polyesters containing biphenyl side groups were synthesized by phase-transfer catalyzed interfacial polycondensation of 1-(4-biphenylyl)-1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane (BBHPE) with terephthaloyl chloride (TPC), isophthaloyl chloride (IPC), and a mixture of TPC/IPC (50 : 50 mol ratio). Copolyesters were synthesized by utilizing different molar proportions of BBHPE and 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol (BPA) with IPC and TPC. The inherent viscosities of polyesters were in the range 0.44–1.26 dL/g. All the polyesters were soluble in organic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, meta-cresol, pyridine, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. Tough, transparent, and flexible films could be cast from chloroform solutions of these polyesters. WAXD measurements indicated that all the polyesters and copolyesters were amorphous in nature. Glass transition temperature of polyesters were in the range 198–256°C, while the initial degradation temperature of polyesters were in the range 444–481°C. Copolyesters derived from BBHPE exhibited improved solubility and higher glass transition temperatures compared to the corresponding polyesters based on BPA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 | 2,007 | 28 | null | [
{
"authorId": "92788889",
"name": "Pandurang N. Honkhambe"
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{
"authorId": "91617039",
"name": "C. Avadhani"
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{
"authorId": "92096557",
"name": "P. Wadgaonkar"
},
{
"authorId": "13658013",
"name": "M. Salunkhe"
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] | null | null | 302 |
|
01f95e7067f2d957058bcaa1b41bd14f8375882c | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01f95e7067f2d957058bcaa1b41bd14f8375882c | Synthesis and Application of 1-[2-methyl-5-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-3-thienyl]-2-[2-methyl-5-(4-azidomethylphenyl)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene | A new fluorescent switch based on a photochromic diarylethene, 1-[2-methyl-5-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-3-thienyl]-2-[2-methyl-5-(4-azidomethylphenyl)-3-thienyl] perfluorocyclopentene has been synthesized, And its properties have been discussed systematically in acetonitrile solution and in PMMA, such as photochromic, fluorescence switch and kinetics experiments, and its optoelectronic properties, The results showed that this compound exhibited reversible photochromism and the maxima absorption of compound closed-ring isomer 1c is 590 nm. Its fluorescence intensity decreased along with the photochromism from open-ring isomers to closed-ring isomers. | 2,014 | 0 | null | [
{
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},
{
"authorId": "2146234268",
"name": "H. Xu"
},
{
"authorId": "2135665352",
"name": "Qing Zhang"
},
{
"authorId": "10032062",
"name": "Gang Liu"
}
] | null | null | 303 |
|
01fc0898788bdcd166cd6ee799a22b3efcdae8c1 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01fc0898788bdcd166cd6ee799a22b3efcdae8c1 | Synthesis of octahedral CuS nanocages via a solid–liquid reaction | Octahedral CuS nanocages were synthesized by a solid–liquid reaction between solid Cu2O octahedra and thiourea solution at 90 °C. Octahedral Cu2O particles were used as the sacrificial cores, precursor and shape-controller. The transformation of octahedral Cu2O to hollow CuS octahedra was monitored by the TEM images and EDX spectra. A mechanism of mass diffusion followed by Ostwald ripening is proposed based on the evidence of electron microscope images. The critical size (d*) of the precursor for the formation of hollow structured CuS was estimated based on the proposed mechanism and the designed experiments. | 2,006 | 78 | null | [
{
"authorId": "4621986",
"name": "Haolan Xu"
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{
"authorId": "2108390749",
"name": "Wenzhong Wang"
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{
"authorId": "8480399",
"name": "Wei Zhu"
},
{
"authorId": "48207086",
"name": "Lin Zhou"
}
] | null | null | 304 |
|
01fd30d7119d40069b3d5be9491c593681becf8a | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01fd30d7119d40069b3d5be9491c593681becf8a | From kröhnkite- to alluaudite-type of structure: novel method of synthesis of sodium manganese sulfates with electrochemical properties in alkali-metal ion batteries | The alluaudite-type of structure is of huge research interest as an open matrix ensuring fast alkali-metal ion mobility, a property that could contribute to the development of novel electrode materials for rechargeable alkali-metal ion batteries. In this contribution, we provide new data on the formation of well-crystallized sodium manganese sulfates Na2+δMn2−δ/2(SO4)3 with an alluaudite-type of structure by simple dehydratation of the corresponding dihydrate Na2Mn(SO4)3·2H2O with a krohnkite-type of structure. The structure of Na2+δMn2−δ/2(SO4)3 is determined on the basis of Rietveld refinement of powder XRD patterns, infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance at X- and Q-band frequencies (EPR). From a structural point of view, the release of two H2O molecule from the krohnkite phase takes place by a transformation of the infinite [Mn(SO4)2(H2O)2] chains into Mn2O10 dimers bounded by distorted Na(1)O-polyhedra. The anhydrous sulfates are able to participate in the electrochemical reaction delivering a reversible capacity of 135 mA h g−1, when they are used as cathode materials in lithium ion cells. The stability of the alluaudite phase Na2+δMn2−δ/2(SO4)3 in the lithium electrolyte solution and the mechanism of the electrochemical reaction are discussed on the basis of ex situ EPR, IR and Raman spectroscopy. This is a first report on electrochemical activity of manganese-based sulfate with an alluaudite-type of structure. | 2,015 | 36 | null | [
{
"authorId": "20998858",
"name": "D. Marinova"
},
{
"authorId": "108619593",
"name": "V. Kostov"
},
{
"authorId": "37841715",
"name": "R. Nikolova"
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{
"authorId": "13926084",
"name": "R. Kukeva"
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{
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"name": "E. Zhecheva"
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"authorId": "1443539893",
"name": "M. Sendova-Vasileva"
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{
"authorId": "46859199",
"name": "R. Stoyanova"
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] | null | null | 305 |
|
01fef6b5dddafd957873265a37a15b1a3d45b762 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01fef6b5dddafd957873265a37a15b1a3d45b762 | Hydrophobically Modified Dimethylacrylamide Synthesis and Rheological Behavior | The synthesis and rheological behavior of hydrophobically modified copolymers based upon N,N‘-dimethylacrylamide (DMAM) containing dodecyl or octadecyl groups are described. The polymers were synthesized by free radical copolymerization in homogeneous solutions of toluene. This synthesis method ensured that the hydrophobic groups were incorporated individually into the copolymer, i.e., in a nonblocky fashion. This method contrasts with the more commonly produced hydrophobically modified polyacrylamides, synthesized by a micellar polymerization technique, resulting in multiblock structures. Associative behavior of the DMAM copolymers in water was investigated by viscosity measurements. Significant enhancement in viscosity was measured in the semidilute unentangled and entangled regimes. Viscosity enhancement was attributed to the formation of intermolecular hydrophobic aggregates, which act as transitory physical cross-links. While it is well established in the literature that blocky copolymers containing ... | 2,005 | 60 | null | [
{
"authorId": "32617521",
"name": "S. Cram"
},
{
"authorId": "32181229",
"name": "H. Brown"
},
{
"authorId": "9379564",
"name": "G. Spinks"
},
{
"authorId": "7501481",
"name": "D. Hourdet"
},
{
"authorId": "3973773",
"name": "C. Creton"
}
] | null | null | 306 |
|
02036fbcf8d9217d84a72fe8a456deb20e024509 | {
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"name": "Dalton Transactions",
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02036fbcf8d9217d84a72fe8a456deb20e024509 | Synthesis of copper ion incorporated horseradish peroxidase-based hybrid nanoflowers for enhanced catalytic activity and stability. | In this study, we report the preparation, catalytic activity and stability of a hybrid nanoflower (hNF) formed from horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme and copper ions (Cu(2+)). We studied the morphology of hNFs as a function of the concentrations of copper (Cu(2+)) ions, chloride ions (Cl(-)) and HRP enzyme, the pH of the buffer solution (phosphate buffered saline), and the temperature of the reaction. The effects of morphology on the catalytic activity and stability of hNFs were evaluated by oxidation of guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) to colored 3,3-dimethoxy-4,4-diphenoquinone in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The enhanced activity of hNFs synthesized (from 0.02 mg mL(-1) HRP in 10 mM PBS (pH 7.4) at +4 °C) was 17 595 U mg(-1), which was ∼300% higher than free HRP in PBS, where it achieved an activity of 5952 U mg(-1). In terms of stability, these hNFs stored in PBS buffer at +4 °C and room temperature (RT = 20 °C) lost 4% and 20%, respectively, of their initial catalytic activities within 30 days. Finally, we demonstrated that these hNFs can be utilized as sensors for the detection of dopamine. | Dalton Transactions | 2,015 | 134 | null | [
{
"authorId": "14399259",
"name": "Burcu Somturk"
},
{
"authorId": "32842319",
"name": "M. Hançer"
},
{
"authorId": "12049990",
"name": "I. Ocsoy"
},
{
"authorId": "14598620",
"name": "N. Özdemir"
}
] | null | null | 307 |
0203fe1dca92afbb6ec9185ac5d224400279dc05 | {
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"DOI": "10.1021/ACS.ORGANOMET.6B00240",
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0203fe1dca92afbb6ec9185ac5d224400279dc05 | Catalytically Active N-Acylamidine–Zirconium Complexes: Synthesis, Structures, and Application in Ethylene Polymerization | Three novel N-acylamidines 1a–c with varying steric bulk and substitution patterns were synthesized and thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1a and 1b, which contain two additional binding sites located at two pyridine substituents, were treated with equimolar amounts of cyclopentadienylzirconium(IV) trichloride at room temperature. The X-ray data of the resulting coordination compounds 7a and 7b indicate the formation of five-membered metallacycles with one of the pyridine nitrogen atoms and the carbonyl oxygen atom acting as binding sites. For the complexation of ligand 1c, a different route was chosen: 1c was first deprotonated to yield the polymeric potassium compound 8 with a very complex substitution pattern based on O , N, and aromatic interactions with the potassium ions. Transmetalation of 8 with cyclopentadienylzirconium(IV) trichloride gave amidinate complex 9, which is dimeric in the solid state but exists in solution in equilibrium with monomeric species. After addition of... | 2,016 | 10 | null | [
{
"authorId": "1422434812",
"name": "Thorsten Holtrichter-Rößmann"
},
{
"authorId": "92995307",
"name": "Ina Häger"
},
{
"authorId": "5542424",
"name": "C. Daniliuc"
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"name": "R. Fröhlich"
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"name": "René S. Rojas"
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{
"authorId": "10001194",
"name": "E. Würthwein"
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] | null | null | 308 |
|
0208dcdb6f4ad929b4c03b7ffebbf8d0f41faa65 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0208dcdb6f4ad929b4c03b7ffebbf8d0f41faa65 | A facile route to carboxylated carbon nanofibers and their functionalization by robust octasilsesquioxanes via conjugated linkage | We describe here a facile two-step synthesis of hybrid nanocomposites based on one-dimensional carbon nanofibers (CNFs) decorated with cubic octasilsesquioxane (T8). The functionalization of CNFs with oxalyl chloride, via Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction in the presence of aluminum chloride, was first demonstrated as an efficient way to introduce carboxyl acid groups onto the nanofiber sidewalls. Octa-aminophenylsilsesquioxane (OASQ) was then covalently attached to the carboxylated nanocarbon CNF–(COOH)n through amide linkage. The CNFs were characterized by a set of material characterization methods including FTIR, Raman, solution 1H NMR spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at each step of the functionalization. The results clearly show that the formation of the conjugated carboxylic acid moiety, due to the nature of the substitution, occurs at defect sites on the carbon nanofibres and the carboxylation degrees can be controlled by variation of the reaction conditions. High-resolution TEM observations and physisorption data reveal that OASQ domains are uniformly distributed on the surface with an average particle size of 5 nm and T8 cage probably remains intact during the decoration process. | 2,013 | 6 | null | [
{
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"name": "Jiancheng Wu"
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{
"authorId": "16271722",
"name": "Hualun Cai"
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"name": "Kai Xu"
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{
"authorId": "2120099457",
"name": "Xin Liu"
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{
"authorId": "91496901",
"name": "Mingcai Chen"
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] | null | null | 309 |
|
020fa486f7e64488039645dc20d2021aefbdff00 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/020fa486f7e64488039645dc20d2021aefbdff00 | Development of a Dual-Stage Continuous Flow Reactor for Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hybrid Nanoparticles | This paper provides a comprehensive description of the design and commissioning of a dual-stage flow reactor for hydrothermal synthesis, notably heterogeneous nanomaterials such as core–shell particles or nanocomposites. The design is based on the hypothesis that the next frontier of studies within continuous, hydrothermal synthesis lies as much with scalability as it does with the materials properties and performance in applications. Therefore, this reactor belongs to the up-scaled end of a laboratory system with a synthesis capacity of up to 50 g/h. Commissioning was accomplished with TiO2 nanoparticles as a model material. Results comply with earlier ones obtained from single-stage reactors. Dual-stage synthesis of a TiO2@SnO2 nanocomposite was performed by adding a SnCl4 solution to newly formed 9 nm TiO2 nanoparticles, yielding deposition of 2 nm rutile SnO2. Synthesis of pure SnO2 produced much larger nanocrystals, indicating that TiO2 nanoparticles provide the nucleation sites for SnO2 and impede t... | 2,015 | 27 | null | [
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"name": "Henrik L. Hellstern"
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"name": "J. Becker"
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"name": "Peter Hald"
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"authorId": "1400565965",
"name": "Aref H Mamakhel"
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{
"authorId": "144106747",
"name": "B. B. Iversen"
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] | null | null | 310 |
|
020fb488a84ae8c0ca863ef2688f9ea34538d9c2 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/020fb488a84ae8c0ca863ef2688f9ea34538d9c2 | Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles in polyvinyl alcohol solutions using laser assisted synthesis in solution (LASiS) method | ZnO nanoparticles are widely studied because of their superior properties so they are widely used in various applications. Structural modification with the right synthesis method is the key to getting superior properties. In this experiment, Laser Assisted Synthesis in Solution (LASiS) method was used to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles. The LASIS method was carried out using a metal plate Zn as a target placed in a solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with different concentrations, namely 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. This laser ablation has caused a solution of gray colloidal ZnO nanoparticles. Different PVA concentrations do not affect the color of the produced ZnO nanoparticle solution. The properties and structure of ZnO nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Zetasizer spectrometer, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The UV visible absorbance spectrum shows the maximum absorption characteristics of ZnO nanoparticles observed at a wavelength of 344 nm. The maximum absorbance value rises by increasing the concentration of PVA and reaching the maximum value at a concentration of 3%. These ZnO nanoparticles have a size around 80 nm. TEM analysis shows that ZnO nanoparticles have a spherical shape and have good crystallinity based on SAED measurements. This property is due to the role of PVA in the synthesis process. | Journal of Physics: Conference Series | 2,019 | 0 | null | [
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"name": "D. Djuhana"
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"authorId": "9741842",
"name": "C. Imawan"
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02117b42523e7b4a5713d1e5d5b1cba905349e81 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02117b42523e7b4a5713d1e5d5b1cba905349e81 | Graphene Layers‐Wrapped Fe/Fe5C2 Nanoparticles Supported on N‐doped Graphene Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction | Synthesis of highly efficient nonprecious metal electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) superior to platinum (Pt) is still a big challenge. Herein, a new highly active ORR electrocatalyst is reported based on graphene layers‐wrapped Fe/Fe5C2 nanoparticles supported on N‐doped graphene nanosheets (GL‐Fe/Fe5C2/NG) through simply annealing a mixture of bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) and ferrocene. An interesting exfoliation–denitrogen mechanism underlying the conversion of bulk g‐C3N4 into N‐doped graphene nanosheets is revealed. Owing to the high graphitic degree, optimum N‐doping level and sufficient active sites from the graphene layers‐wrapped Fe/Fe5C2 nanoparticles, the as‐prepared GL‐Fe/Fe5C2/NG electrocatalyst obtained at 800 °C exhibits outstanding ORR activity with a 20 mV more positive half‐wave potential than the commercial Pt/C catalyst in 0.1 m KOH solution and a comparable onset potential of 0.98 V. This makes GL‐Fe/Fe5C2/NG an outstanding electrocatalyst for ORR in alkaline solution. | 2,018 | 193 | null | [
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"name": "Yong Hu"
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{
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] | null | null | 312 |
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021690f31884e9e98ad5d58e8043f3d10b660bf9 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/021690f31884e9e98ad5d58e8043f3d10b660bf9 | Synthesis of Polysuccinimide and Determination of the Intrinsic Viscosity | Polysuccinimide of high molecular weight was gained,based on maleic anhydride as the raw material.The structure of polysuccinimide was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FT-IR),which showed that the characteristic imide peaks of five members ring.According to the FT-IR image,the reaction mechanism was inferred.The decomposition temperature of polysuccinimide was 387 ℃ from thermogravimetry-differential scanning analysis.The molecular weight of polysuccinimide was determined by viscosity limit law.It was difficult to gain the molecular weight through conventional method due to the adsorption of polymer to the capillary inwall.It came a much better result through flow time(t)and solution density(ρ).Then the molecular weight of polysuccinimide was measured of 11,110,it was much higher than the reported in the literature. | 2,010 | 2 | null | [
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0216fe04dade7a856d3a99752a12f2e1d27d8ab1 | Fluoride as Ligand: Chemistry of Some New Terminal and Bridged Systems | A comprehensive and unifying theme in this thesis has been the synthesis and characterization of new coordination polymers and metal-organic networks. The common structural organizing element for these systems is the fluoride ion, which, according to the Pearson classification, is a “hard” or “class a” ligand. Accordingly, it is expected that fluoride would be best suited as a bridging ligand in systems with correspondingly “hard” metal ions. The regions of the periodic table of primary relevance would thus be the early transition metals, but also main-group elements from group I and II (as well as Al III / Ga III ,S i IV /Ge IV /Sn II ;Sn IV and P V /As V /Sb V ) could be envisaged as centers in extended fluoride-bridged structures. The studied systems are all based on the 3dF unit where either Cr III or Mn III coordinates a minimum of one fluorido ligand. The 3dF unit has been studied in proper mononuclear systems but also in polynuclear or polymeric systems connected through unsupported bridging by fluorido ligand(s). This bridging is of both homo- and, for chromium also, heterometallic character. For the latter type of systems, completely novel classes of compounds containing either alkali metals (3dFns) or lanthanides (3dF4f) were synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. A new synthetic route to systems with unsupported, bridging fluorido ligands is established by using kinetically robust Cr III fluorido complexes such as trans-[Cr(py)4F2] + , cis-[Cr(phen)2F2] + , cis-[Cr(bpy)2F2] + and cis-[Cr(phen)2(H2O)(F)]2 + (py = pyridine, phen = 1,10-phenantroline, bpy = 2,2’-bipyridine) as precursors. These metal-containing building blocks (or ligands) can be viewed as synthons for the fluoride-containing part of the final complex. The fluorido ligands in these robust synthons are fixed with respect to configuration, and due to the robustness of the synthons undesirable ligand substitution is avoided. This is particularly important as it prevents or retards metathesis reactions catalyzed by reaction partners, including precipitation reactions involving relatively insoluble simple fluorides. The stereochemical control of the disposition of the fluorido ligands in the starting materials provides the opportunity for controlling the structures of the resulting polynuclear or polymeric products. This fairly rare situation of stereochemical control is contingent on the preferential linear bridging by fluoride, which is a recurrent motif in the systems studied here and in agreement with established chemistry of fluoride as a bridging ligand. The applicability and generality of the method is exemplified by reaction with hard metal ions from different parts of the periodic table. A graphical overview of the investigated systems based on the synthetic route to systems with unsupported, bridging fluorido ligands is given in Scheme 1. The following sections discuss the overall results of the synthetic route to systems with unsupported, bridging fluorido ligands (3dFns, 3dF3d and 3dF4f). 3dFns systems: Alkali metal ions largely interact with the robust Cr III –fluoride synthon through second sphere coordination in solution. This interaction may, by suitable choice of a first coordination | ChemistryOpen | 2,013 | 3 | {
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] | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/open.201200046 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | 314 |
02186bfc26d3b30554184604a9997c7b598994bb | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02186bfc26d3b30554184604a9997c7b598994bb | Hydrogen sensor based on palladium nanotube arrays fabricated by novel low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis | Palladium (Pd) nanotube array was fabricated by a facile solution process using hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanowires as sacrificial templates and Pd precursor solution. The morphology, structure, and composition of the nanotubes were characterized by SEM, TEM, HAADF-STEM, and ICP-ACS, respectively. To investigate hydrogen sensing performance, Pd nanotube arrays were fabricated on interdigitated electrodes of a silicon chip and the electrical resistance change of Pd nanotube array sensor was measured depending on the concentration of hydrogen gas and operating temperature. Pd nanotube arrays sensor was also fabricated on polymer substrate by the same method and exhibited a good hydrogen detection performance. | International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference | 2,011 | 0 | null | [
{
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"authorId": "49970093",
"name": "Z. Li"
},
{
"authorId": "145843706",
"name": "I. Park"
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] | null | null | 315 |
021cb8a5f98e9ef192fbe0dacd8416a7d5371b05 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/021cb8a5f98e9ef192fbe0dacd8416a7d5371b05 | Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Photocatalytic Properties of a Supramolecular Assembly Based on Keggin Polyoxotungstate | A new supramolecular compound (4,4’-bipyH)4[SiW12O40](4,4’-bipy) (4,4’-bipy = 4,4’-bipyridine) was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and IR spectrum. The crystallography analysis for the title compound reveals that the crystal crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/m with a = 22.2767(12), b = 21.1879(11), c = 15.6942(8) , β = 97.068(3)°, V = 7351.3(7) 3, C50H44N10O40SiW12, Mr = 3659.24, Z = 4, Dc = 3.306 g/cm3, F(000) = 6544, GOOF = 1.137, R = 0.0577 and wR = 0.1579. The title compound consists of a discrete Keggin-type [SiW12O40]4- anion, one 4,4’-bipy and four protonated (4,4’-bipyH)+ cations. The [SiW12O40]4- anion and protonated 4,4’-bipy are connected to form a supramolecular structure by hydrogen bonds. Meanwhile, the title compound exhibits good photocatalytic activity for color degradation of Rhodamine-B dye solution under visible-light irradiation.更多还原 | 2,012 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "92400413",
"name": "陈顺玉"
},
{
"authorId": "92414387",
"name": "陈心琴"
},
{
"authorId": "2075765524",
"name": "林深"
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] | null | null | 316 |
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02204ad90132fe6c35c53dbf258848e3aa74176b | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02204ad90132fe6c35c53dbf258848e3aa74176b | III-A Synthesis and Characterization of Exotic Molecule Based Nano-Crystals of Metal Acetylides: Toward Carbon Encapsulated Metal Dot Array, Metal Nano-Networks and Metal-Carbon Hybrid Systems | Various methods have been suggested for metallic and semiconductive nanowire production, template based synthesis, vapor-liquid-solid growth, solutionliquid-solid process, oxide-assisted growth and so on. Above all, the production using a highly anisotropic crystal can be regarded as due to self-assembly of small molecules or atoms to a nanowire. The self-assembly method has potential advantage of relatively low cost, high purity, and large-scale production. However, only limited materials have anisotropic properties, for example, molybdenum chalcogenides, selenium, and tellurium. Besides, it is very hard to produce thin nanowires by only highly anisotropic properties. Here we report a new compound having a highly anisotropic crystal structure. Copper acetylide (C2Cu2) molecules self-assemble into ultra thin nanowires under an extremely slow nucleation condition. Moreover, annealing of the C2Cu2 nanowires converts to copper nanocables encapsulated in carbon outer layers. The copper nanocable core is extremely thin, in which only 8 Cu atoms can line up in the diameter. One of the merits of self-assembly nanowire production is an extremely simple procedure of just preparing only a building block. The C2Cu2 nanowire can be also generated facilely. Figure 1 shows a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of C2Cu2 products on silicon substrates, where the C2Cu2 suspension in methanol has been dropped onto and air-dried. Nanowire morphology was observed when the C2H2 exposing rate was kept extremely slow (0.05 mL/min). Although C2Cu2 was synthesized by chemical reaction of gram-order production in a flask, microscopic shape of the product is a nanoscale needle-like crystal. This indicates that C2Cu2 molecules aggregate and self-assemble into nanowire morphology in an aqueous solution. On the contrary to the successful production of nanowires, a fast exposing rate of C2H2 gas gave amorphous products. The key step of self-assembling for the nano-structure is just only the control of the nucleation rate of acetylide molecules. | 2,006 | 0 | null | [
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{
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"name": "Heun-Kag"
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{
"authorId": "2113553941",
"name": "D. Kang"
}
] | null | null | 317 |
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0221ffb53f45bdbcc6f6a154ba9879f25afb22c4 | Self-assembly of tetraphenylethylene-based dendron into blue fluorescent nanoparticles with aggregation induced enhanced emission$$^{\S }$$§ | null | Proceedings of the Indian Academy of sciences. Chemical sciences | 2,018 | 3 | {
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/jcsc/130/10/0141"
} | [
{
"authorId": "40456409",
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},
{
"authorId": "2255850611",
"name": "M A Hanna Ameena"
},
{
"authorId": "51252664",
"name": "Siriki Atchimnaidu"
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"name": "Devanathan Perumal"
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{
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"name": "J. Krishna"
},
{
"authorId": "2286331",
"name": "Reji Varghese"
}
] | https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/jcsc/130/10/0141 | www.ias.ac.in | 318 |
02262902b8db7c0a85307e4d8a0680715939701c | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02262902b8db7c0a85307e4d8a0680715939701c | Preparation method for constructing collagen-based bio-macromolecular/hydroxyapatite microsphere composite bracket material | The invention discloses a preparation method for constructing a collagen-based bio-macromolecular/hydroxyapatite microsphere composite bracket material. The preparation method is characterized in that: micron-sized CaCO3 microspheres are synthesized in the presence of bio-macromolecules, mainly collagen; the CaCO3 microspheres are taken as a template; hydroxyapatite microspheres are obtained by transforming the CaCO3 microsphere template into a calcium-phosphorus mineral in the phosphate solution environment; meanwhile, hybrid gel combined with hydroxyapatite microspheres is obtained by usinga three-dimensional fiber network formed through self-assembly of collagen macromolecules, the collagen-based bio-macromolecular/hydroxyapatite microsphere composite bracket material is further obtained, and in-situ synthesis of micron-sized hydroxyapatite microspheres in a bio-macromolecular substrate is realized under the mild condition. The calcium-phosphorus microspheres in the collagen-basedcomposite bracket material are made from carbonic acid hydroxyapatite, and have high bionics and biocompatibility on the aspect of component; and meanwhile, the composite bracket material has the nanometer-micron-macroscopic multi-scale distribution characteristic on the aspect of structure. | 2,011 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "95069044",
"name": "魏清荣"
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] | null | null | 319 |
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0226548f7c3f739bb79ac587f7722dba3916020a | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0226548f7c3f739bb79ac587f7722dba3916020a | Mesoporous zwitterionic poly(ionic liquid)s: intrinsic complexation and efficient catalytic fixation of CO2 | Mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)s with zwitterionic structures have been successfully prepared. This synthesis made use of a facile template-free approach via precipitating an organic solution of an imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid) homopolymer in a straightforward manner into ammonia-containing organic solvents. The complex products have a specific surface area up to 260 m2 g−1, and exist in a robust nanoparticle form. They could serve as active catalysts for the chemical fixation of CO2. | 2,013 | 40 | {
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2013/py/c3py00823a"
} | [
{
"authorId": "144828658",
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{
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"name": "Pengfei Zhang"
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{
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{
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"name": "Yong Wang"
},
{
"authorId": "3918358",
"name": "Jiayin Yuan"
}
] | https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2013/py/c3py00823a | pubs.rsc.org | 320 |
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02269a2a5241e6bf8e3b80c5aefb8e9e071f29db | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02269a2a5241e6bf8e3b80c5aefb8e9e071f29db | Direct Synthesis of Nanoceria in Aqueous Polyhydroxyl Solutions | Nanoceria has shown excellent biomedical properties for potential use in treatment of diseases caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present work, the synthesis and redox chemistry of nanoceria in the presence of polyhydroxyl groups such as glucose and dextran are reported. The effect of both acidic and basic medium on the synthesis and oxidation state stability of nanoceria in the absence of buffer was examined using UV−vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The basic and acidic mediums show a difference in the synthesis of nanoceria in terms of the size and structure without interfering with the redox chemistry. A comparison of pure and aqueous saccharides suspension of nanoceria in acid/base media undergoing redox transformation is also reported in this paper. | 2,007 | 122 | null | [
{
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{
"authorId": "50271741",
"name": "S. Seal"
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022782a2b20b1c57a070db3cfea7c6e6d6817ec6 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/022782a2b20b1c57a070db3cfea7c6e6d6817ec6 | Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Substituted 1,8-Dioxodecahydroacridines | null | Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal | 2,001 | 16 | null | [
{
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"name": "Yu. M. Shchekotikhin"
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{
"authorId": "5976404",
"name": "T. Nikolaeva"
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"name": "G. Shub"
},
{
"authorId": "1404968636",
"name": "A. P. Kriven’ko"
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0227b98b6259f66f6f5ba311573b7af9cf101749 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0227b98b6259f66f6f5ba311573b7af9cf101749 | SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EFFICIENT TWO-PHOTON ABSORPTION CHROMOPHORES WITH INCREASED DIMENSIONALITY | New organic "donor–donor" bis-stilbenyl conjugated chromophores arranged in increasing dimensionality (1D to 3D) have been synthesized in high yields by multiple Heck coupling. The central core is based on a biphenyl, triphenylenyl or spiro-bifluorenyl group when the donor part at each extremity is based on a 3,4,5-tridodecyloxyphenyl group that ensures a high solubility in organic solvents and favors the catalytic coupling reactions. Femtosecond two-photon absorption measurements in solution have evidenced improved two-photon absorption cross-sections (≅ 10-19cm4/GW) that depend on the arrangement of the chromophores. | 2,005 | 6 | null | [
{
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"name": "Frédéric Lincker"
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{
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"name": "P. Masson"
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{
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"name": "L. Guidoni"
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{
"authorId": "39649064",
"name": "J. Bigot"
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02284551d388f420418cf6f2976715a71d75db31 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02284551d388f420418cf6f2976715a71d75db31 | TRANSESTERIFICATION OF RAPESEED OIL TO BIODIESEL USING HETEROGENEOUS BASE CATALYSTS | Methyl esters of fatty acids usually are produced by transesterification of triglycerides with methanol using homogenous base catalysts; more often these are potassium or sodium hydroxides and methoxides. The yields of biodiesel are high using these catalysts. However, the conventional method has several serious drawbacks – besides transesterification saponification takes place, removal of catalysts and soap is technically difficult, large amount of wastewater is produced to separate and purify biodiesel. Therefore it is expected that in the near future homogenous catalysts will be replaced with environmentally more friendly heterogeneous catalysts. Our investigations were devoted to synthesis of biodiesel using heterogeneous catalysts. This method leads to simplification of catalyst’s separation procedure – catalyst can be removed from methyl esters of fatty acids by filtration and obtained raw glycerol contains less admixtures. Investigated catalysts were KI and KF loaded on alumina, KF on ZnO, KF on crude clays from Serpukhov and Priekule, KF on activated (with 10% H2SO4) clays from Priekule. Alkali metal salts were loaded onto solid support by an impregnation method from aqueous solution, dried and calcined at high temperatures prior to each reaction. Crude clays from Serpukhov and Priekule were used as catalysts for transesterification of rapeseed oil. Different conditions (amount of potassium salt and calcination temperature) were examined to prepare the catalysts; influence of transesterification conditions (catalyst’s loading, the ratio of methanol to oil, reaction time) on conversion of raw materials to biodiesel and raw glycerol, as well as quality of these products were investigated. | 2,008 | 0 | null | [
{
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"name": "M. Strēle"
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{
"authorId": "92178666",
"name": "S. Chornaja"
},
{
"authorId": "143902402",
"name": "M. Jure"
}
] | null | null | 324 |
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/022a62b2d5c8ee39bda20f1f46bd11f14bc290c2 | Synthesis of H-ChitoPAN Superabsorbing Hydrogel from Alkaline Hydrolysis of Chitosan and Polyacrylonitrile Physical Mixture | In the present article, attention is paid to synthesis and swelling behavior of a superabsorbent hydrogel based chitosan and polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The physical mixture of chitosan and PAN was hydrolyzed by NaOH solution to yield chitosan-poly(sodium acrylate-co-acrylamide) superabsorbent hydrogel. The nitrile groups of PAN were completely converted to a mixture of hydrophilic carboxamide and carboxylate groups during alkaline hydrolysis followed by in situ crosslinking of the PAN chains by the alkoxide ions of chitosan. The effect of reaction variables were systematically optimized to achieve a hydrogel with swelling capacity as high as possible. Swelling measurements of the synthesized hydrogels in various chloride salt solutions indicated a swelling-loss with increase in the ionic strength of the salt solutions. In addition, swelling capacity was conducted in solutions with pH ranged from 1 to 13. The hydrogels exhibited a pH-responsiveness character so that a swelling-deswelling pulsatile behavior was recorded at pHs 2 and 8. This on-off switching behavior makes the hydrogel as a good | 2,011 | 1 | null | [
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"name": "H. Hosseinzadeh"
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] | null | null | 325 |
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022bfa05c74a6d3e9ce9bf0887ac8960f25562b4 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/022bfa05c74a6d3e9ce9bf0887ac8960f25562b4 | Polyaniline based magnesium nanoferrite composites as efficient photocatalysts for the photodegradation of Indigo Carmine in aqueous solutions | The industrial revolution although has reached its unprecedented altitude benefiting mankind in various aspects yet the resulting pollution is a serious threat to the environment. Dyes are among the major pollutants that contaminate water resources. Hence, a facile synthesis of PANI/MgFe2O4 nanoferrite composite and its hybrids as photocatalysts for the degradation of Indigo carmine in aqueous solutions is described. The photocatalysts were designed in situ through self-polymerization of monomer aniline. The catalytic activity of each composite was studied by evaluating its efficiency to photodegrade water soluble carcinogenic indigo carmine dye in aqueous solution. Different parameters like dye concentration, dose of photocatalyst, contact time and pH have been studied to optimize reaction conditions. The FTIR, SEM and XRD studies were carried to determine chemical as well as morphological feature characteristics of nanoferrite composite (MgFe2O4+PANI) and hybrid nanoferrite composites (MFe2O4 + PANI + silica gel). The XRD confirmed the cubic structure of nano ferrite. The SEM image of polyaniline/composite suggested porous surface and highly agglomerated granular shape. The FTIR spectra of polyaniline and its composites evinced the formation of composite possessing spinal ferrite structure. The single coated PANI/MgFe2O4 composite presented higher photo-degradation percentage i.e. 97.52% as compared to hybrid nanoferrite composites i.e. 94.36% and hence presented promising results to purify water contaminated with respective dye. | Desalination and Water Treatment | 2,019 | 9 | null | [
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02304fa81047c22faa1b8a58f3a0041d59395773 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02304fa81047c22faa1b8a58f3a0041d59395773 | Star-shaped Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with Cyclodextrin Groups: Synthesis via RAFT Polymerization and Characterization | Star-shaped polymer based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAm) and cyclodextrin(CD) was synthesized through arm-first approach via RAFT polymerization.The structure and properties of the star-shaped po-lymer and its precursors were characterized by means of FTIR,1H-NMR,SEC/MALLS,DSC,potentiometric titration and fluorescence measuremecnts.The results from DSC measurements indicate that both the formation of the star-shaped polymer and the incorporation of CD onto the star-shaped polymer could lead to an increase in glass transition temperature(Tg) of the polymer.DSC measurements also show that lower critical solution temperature(LCST) of the star-shaped polymer in aqueous solution shifts to higher temperature region,but the ΔH of the phase separation for the star-shaped polymer is lower than that of its precursors.Using 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid ammonium salt hydrate(ANS) as a guest molecule,the supramolecular inclusion of the star-shaped polymer was investigated by fluorescence spectra.The results indicate that the SSPNIPAm-CD can include ANS molecule. | 2,012 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "71507073",
"name": "Liu Jundong"
}
] | null | null | 327 |
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0233669ce990ed9916152635212b97c5d63ea14b | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0233669ce990ed9916152635212b97c5d63ea14b | MIKROSTRUKTUR DAN KONDUKTIVITAS LISTRIK CORDIERITE BERBASIS SILIKA SEKAM PADI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MAGNESIUM OKSIDA (0, 20, 25, DAN 30%) | ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan sintesis dan karakterisasi cordierite berbasis silika sekam padi dengan penambahan magnesium oksida (MgO) sebanyak 0, 20, 25, dan 30%. Pembuatan cordierite menggunakan silika sekam padi, MgO, dan Al2O3. Silika diekstraksi dengan metode alkalis menggunakan larutan NaOH 1,5% dan HNO3 10%. Cordierite disintesis melalui metode padatan dengan suhu sintering 1250℃. Hasil analisis Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) menunjukkan adanya bentuk yang tidak beraturan dan penggumpalan pada sampel. Hasil analisis Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) mengkonfirmasi adanya unsur-unsur penyusun cordierite dan pengotor. Nilai konduktivitas listrik semakin menurun seiring dengan penambahan persentase MgO. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh nilai konduktivitas listrik antara 3,15x10-7-1,27x10-8 S/cm dan termasuk bahan isolator. Uji fisis menunjukan bahwa penambahan MgO mengurangi densitas dan menambah porositas sampel.
Kata Kunci: Cordierite, konduktivitas listrik, MgO, SEM, silika sekam padi.
ABSTRACT
Synthesis and characterization of cordierite-based rice husk silica has been conducted by magnesium oxide (MgO) 0, 20, 25, and 30%. Preparation of cordierite used silica rice husk, MgO, and Al2O3. Silica were extracted by alkalis method using 1,5% NaOH solution and 10% HNO3. Cordierite was synthesized by the solid state method and sintered at 1250℃. The result of analaysed Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that irregular morphology and agglomeration of sample. The result of analaysed Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed that presence of cordierite constituents and several impurities. The electrical conductivity value decreases due to the addition of MgO percentage. In this research the electrical conductivity values were obtained between 3,15x10-7–1,27x10-8 S/cm, and it is included as insulator. Physical testing results showed that the addition of MgO reduced density and increased porosity of sample.
Key words: Cordierite, electrical conductivity, MgO, SEM, rice husk silica. | 2,016 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "67063220",
"name": "Mirawati"
}
] | null | null | 328 |
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02338de6967cadda74340121a488f78edbda39db | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02338de6967cadda74340121a488f78edbda39db | Effect of SiO2 on the Crystal Structure Stability of SFC at 1473 K (1200 °C) | null | Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B | 2,015 | 21 | null | [
{
"authorId": "48539953",
"name": "Xiang Ding"
},
{
"authorId": "30944414",
"name": "Xing-Min Guo"
},
{
"authorId": "2112462256",
"name": "Chenwei Ma"
},
{
"authorId": "2055742469",
"name": "Kun Tang"
},
{
"authorId": "47827700",
"name": "Yi-dong Zhao"
}
] | null | null | 329 |
02346095984cadc23677736a450f13a82507066d | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02346095984cadc23677736a450f13a82507066d | Titanium dioxide-coated biochar composites as adsorptive and photocatalytic degradation materials for the removal of aqueous organic pollutants | BACKGROUND
In this article, we report the synthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide-coated biochar composites (TBCs) by pyrolysing titanium dioxide-treated biomass prepared by a modified sol-gel method. Their adsorptive and photocatalytic activities were evaluated based on the removal of safranine T (ST) from an aqueous solution with/without UV-light irradiation.
RESULTS
Characterisation studies suggested that TiO2 was successfully loaded on the biochar substrate. The biochar and TiO2 contents of the composite significantly affected its performance. The ST removal capabilities of the TBCs with 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 g of the biomass are 1.7, 2.3, 7.2, and 2.3 times better than that of the raw biochar, respectively. Thus, the optimum amount of the biomass in TBC-x was determined to be 2 g, with the corresponding sample exhibiting excellent stability, effectiveness over a wide pH range, and a maximum ST removal capacity of 226.7 mg/g.
CONCLUSION
The loading of TiO2 significantly enhanced the adsorption performance of biochar and the high specific surface area of the biochar synergistically promoted the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Both adsorption and photocatalytic degradation were confirmed to contribute to the decolourisation of the aqueous solution because of the removal of ST, with the effect of adsorption being slightly higher than that of photocatalysis. The synthesised composite is a promising alternative material for removing chemical contaminants. | 2,018 | 80 | null | [
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"authorId": "12349608",
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},
{
"authorId": "47787315",
"name": "Jiang Li"
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{
"authorId": "3844902",
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] | null | null | 330 |
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02375ca16ddc76e88c6756c586fecfbe0d24fce0 | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Title Crystal Splitting in the Growth of Bi 2 S 3 Permalink | Novel Bi2S3 nanostructures with a sheaf-like morphology are obtained via reaction of bismuth acetate-oleic acid complex with elemental sulfur in 1-octadecence. We propose these structures form by the splitting crystal growth mechanism, which is known to account for the morphology some mineral crystals assume in nature. By controlling the synthetic parameters, different forms of splitting, analogous to observed in minerals, are obtained in our case of Bi2S3. These new and complex Bi2S3 nanostructures are characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD and ED. Table of Content Figure ______________________________________________________________________________ * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email address: [email protected]. Synthesis of nanoscaled inorganic crystals with controlled size, shape and hierarchy has attracted intensive research interest as they are potential building blocks for advanced materials and devices with designed functions in areas as diverse as electronics, optics, catalysis and ceramics [1]. With deeper understanding of crystal growth kinetics, nanocrystals with complex forms evolving from tetrapods [2], inorganic dendrimers of precisely controlled generations [3], to hyperbranched nanostructures [4] have been successfully created by the colloidal solution method. Meanwhile, in a strongly related field, bio-inspired morphosynthesis using designed artificial organic templates offers another approach in generating inorganic crystals with unusual structure specialty and complexity [5]. For example, in the case of BaSO4, a variety of morphologies including cones, multiple-cones [6], peanuts and flowers with a crystallographically forbidden ten-fold symmetry [7] as well as complex bundles and superstructures [8] have been obtained by utilizing various double hydrophilic block copolymers as crystal modifiers. Of particular interest here is the range of mechanisms by which it is possible to make branched nanocrystals. Polytpism between hexagonal and cubic structures was exploited to create branch points in semiconducting nanocrystals [2-3]. Changes in relative growth rates of two facets are responsible for branching in those nanocrystals. Natural systems show branching by a mechanism of ‘crystal splitting’, and the goal of this work is to demonstrate this mechanism can be used to prepare artificial branched nanocrystals. Bi2S3 belongs to the family of main group metal chalcogenides A2B3 (A= As, Sb and Bi, B= S, Se and Te), an important class of semiconductors with numerous applications including photovoltaics [9] and thermoelectrics [10]. Recently Bi2S3 nanoparticles have found new applications as imaging agents in x-ray computed tomography [11]. Simple one-dimensional Bi2S3 nanostructures such as nanorods, nanowires and nanoribbons have been made by colloidal solution methods [12], solventless arrested precipitation [13], and solvothermal or hydrothermal decomposition [14]. More complex forms of Bi2S3 such as nanoflowers [15-16] and snowflakes [17] have been made by employing the soft template effect of an ionic liquid solution [15], polymers [16] or biomolecules [17], respectively. In this paper, we used a simple colloidal solution method and synthesized novel Bi2S3 nanostructures with a sheaf-like morphology, which resemble the morphology some minerals assume in nature. We propose these structures form by the splitting crystal growth mechanism, as do their natural couterparts. By changing the synthetic parameters, we obtained various forms of splitting, analogous to minerals, in our case of Bi2S3. Our synthesis of the Bi2S3 nanostructures is based on the reaction between bismuth carboxylate complexed with oleic acid and elemental sulfur in 1-octadecene. Two commercially available bismuth carboxylates, i.e., bismuth acetate and bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate were used and similar results were obtained. For the synthesis of Bi2S3 sheaf nanostructures, 0.19 g bismuth acetate (5 mmol) was added to 1 g oleic acid (~ 35 mmol) and heated to 100 °C for 10 min to form a colorless solution. 10 ml 1-octadecene was then added to the bismuth-oleic acid solution, degassed, and heated to 180 °C. The sulfur precursor solution was made by heating 32 mg elemental sulfur in 5 ml 1-octadecene at 150 °C under argon and resulted in a clear yellow solution. The sulfur solution was injected to the bismuth-oleic acid solution, and the formation of the Bi2S3 nanostructures could be followed by the color change of the mixture, from light yellow to light brown, and eventually to black. The black precipitate was isolated by centrifugation and washed several times with acetone. The precipitate can be dispersed in organic solvents such as hexane, preferably with the aid of sonification. Alternatively, we also tried injection of bismutholeic acid to sulfur solution or mixed the two precursors at room temperature and then heated to 180 °C; and with the same amount of precursors and solvent as mentioned above, we obtained Bi2S3 sheaf nanostructures as well. However, by varying synthetic parameters such as injection temperature, bismuth/ oleic acid ratio, bismuth/sulfur ratio, we obtained Bi2S3 nanostructures with different morphologies. O’Brien et al recently reported using bismuth acetate with corresponding elemental chalcogen in refluxing octylamine to make bismuth chalcogenides nanostructures [12], and later on extended the method to antimony chalcogenides nanostructures [18]. Nanorods of Bi2S3 and hexagonal wafers of Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3 were obtained, indicating a correlation between the crystalline structure and resulting morphology of the nanomaterials. Fang et al [19] also reported synthesis of Bi2Te3 hexagonal nanoplatelets with high uniformity in size and shape by a reaction between bismuth 2-hexylhexanoate and trioctylphosphine telluride in the presence of oleic acid at | 2,006 | 0 | null | [
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"name": "Jing Tang"
},
{
"authorId": "145117215",
"name": "A. Alivisatos"
}
] | null | null | 331 |
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/023efd7825dfab9447c9f059506f30f94bfdf0a4 | Solution‐Phase Parallel Synthesis of Novel 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinolin‐1‐ones as Anticonvulsant Agents. | onate receptor (AMPAR) mediates fast glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the mammalian central nervous system. Overactivation of AMPAR plays a pivotal role in epileptogenesis and glutamate-induced neuronal death. On this basis, particular attention has been devoted to selective AMPAR antagonists (e.g., GYKI 52466, 1, Fig. 1), as potential neuroprotective agents against neurological pathologies such as epilepsy, ischemia, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Our previous studies reported chemical and pharmacological data of some 2,3-benzodiazepine derivatives (e.g., 2, CFM-2, Fig. 1), that proved to be specific noncompetitive AMPAR antagonists and potent anticonvulsant agents. Our challenge was also to decipher the main structural requirements for noncompetitive AMPAR antagonists and for this reason we developed a suitable 3D ligand-based pharmacophore model. This study allowed the identification of the 2-acetyl-1-(4 -chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (3, Fig. 1) as a new very potent anticonvulsant agent acting as noncompetitive AMPAR antagonist. The model obtained was also used as a search query for virtual screening on three dimensional databases and some molecules were selected and tested. Among the discovered compounds, the trans isomer of 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-(4methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-4-carboxylic acid (4, PD00735, Fig. 1) showed the most interesting anticonvulsant efficacy encouraging us to explore some structural modifications of PD00735. Isoquinolinonic acids have previously been found to possess a vast range of pharmacological properties including psychotropic, antiallergic, antiinflammatory and estrogenic behaviour and for this reason the chemistry of isoquinolonic acids is extensively described. It is well known that the cycloaddition of homophthalic anhydride with aldimines provides a useful access to the preparation of this class of compounds. This reaction produces a mixture of cisand transisomers and it has been observed that the reaction conditions (solvent polarity, temperature, etc.) and the nature of reagents employed influence their stereochemistry. We report here a simple methodology for the solutionphase parallel synthesis (SPPS) of PD00735 and its analogues with the aim to obtain a small library of isoquinolinonic acids for the evaluation in audiogenic seizure test and draw structure–activity relationship (SAR) considerations for this class of compounds. | 2,008 | 3 | null | [
{
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"name": "F. Scicchitano"
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{
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0243d55bbf1bb5ed3d0a1df6faa439e94c7bda54 | {
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{
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{
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"name": "S. D. Hudson"
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{
"authorId": "9898860",
"name": "T. Chastek"
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0248691bc2213809c7905f8ec562f4dd384f4610 | Polyurethane/Bentonite/Chitosan Blend for Improved Thermal and Protection Microorganisms for Paint Application | In this study polyurethane synthesis was carried out using the pre-polymer method using the reaction of Toulena Diisocyanate (TDI) with oleic acid-based palm oil polyols. To provide heat resistance properties for coating paint material, add bentonite (B) and chitosan (K) to polyurethane samples. The concentrations of bentonite and chitosan used were 1% b / b, 2% b / b and 3% b / b, respectively. Palm oil-based oleic acid polyol samples were analyzed for chemical compound structure using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) obtained by O-H group at a wavelength of 3437.15 cm-1. Preparation of bentonite and chitosan purification was done by adding cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide solution to bentonite solution and CH3 3 COOH 2% solution and NaOH into chitosan solution, successfully increasing the d-spacing layer with the acquisition of 1.144 nm to 1.513 nm in bentonite and 1.117 nm to 1.475 nm in chitosan and an increase in the value of heat resistance is evidenced by the results of observations using XRD and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). | IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering | 2,019 | 2 | null | [
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{
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024bfc7a62596d26022a1a3444544366e0df2f2e | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/024bfc7a62596d26022a1a3444544366e0df2f2e | Synthesis and ageing transformations of manufactured metal oxide nanomaterials | With the increased use of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) and increased environmental and human exposure, "nanosafety" has become a major research objective. This field has yet to advance due to challenges in systematically linking physicochemical properties to toxicity. The aim of this work was to develop a library of comparable NMs and study their behaviour and ageing in different scenarios. A library of metal oxide NMs based on a PVP capped ceria synthesis protocol was developed and extensively characterised. The protocol was successfully modified to produce PVP capped zinc oxide and copper oxide NMs, of comparable sizes. These NMs along with commercial uncoated ceria NMs were subjected to time and temperature dependent studies. The work studied the transformations occurring on exposure to 25, 45, 65 and 80 °C temperatures for 4 weeks. Results showed increased aggregation, changes in metal valency state and decreased stability with increasing temperature and time. Finally the potential phosphate induced environmental transformation of ceria was studied for the ceria library NMs, the commercial ceria NM and a series of zirconium doped ceria NMs. Samples were exposured to pH-adjusted phosphatisation solutions. Ceria and ceria-rich samples underwent physical and chemical transformations. Furthermore the commercial ceria was exposed to a pH-adjusted phospholipid containing phosphatisation solution where no characteristic phosphate ageing transformations were observed. | 2,017 | 0 | null | [
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/025038faf0c1089b09a49ce8fadf8f351042ea32 | Synthesis Of Transition Metal Nanoparticles Using Combustion Based Techniques | Solution combustion synthesis (SCS) is a widely used technique for synthesizing variety of high purity oxide nanoparticles. Two basic modes for combustion synthesis are the self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) and Volume Combustion Synthesis (VCS). The first method is based on the reaction that is locally ignited by an external source (laser, tungsten coil etc) which ends up with an exothermic redox reaction in a self-sustained manner without requiring any further energy for the combustion. Second method is the uniform heating of the entire sample in a controlled manner using a constant heat until the reaction occurs simultaneously throughout the volume. SCS typically involved a self-sustained reaction in a homogeneous solution of oxidizer (metal precursor) and oxygen containing fuels (urea, glycine, hydrazine etc). The selection of fuel is based on the reactive groups such as amino, hydroxyl and carboxyl bonded to a hydrocarbon chain. In our total work, we used two modes of synthesis: VCS and ILCS (impregnated layer combustion synthesis) to synthesize transition metal nanoparticles. The precursors used in this work were Nickel nitrate hexahydrate, Ni(NO3)2.6H2O, Copper nitrate hexahydrate, Cu(NO3)23H2O, Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, Co(NO3)2. 6H2O and Glycine CH2NH2COOH. The ratio of metal nitrates and glycine were optimized to give pure metals of high surface area. The precursors were thermally analyzed using TGA/DTA to understand the metal phase development with increasing temperature. Phase Composition and average particle size were analyzed using XRD and the specific surface area of the synthesized particle was calculated using BET method, while its morphology was analyzed by SEM. The objective of our work is to synthesize nanoparticle with high surface area, selectivity and reactivity, which will be more suitable to be act as catalysts for electrochemical reaction in the conversion of CO2 to valuable products The XRD calculations indicated crystallite size to be in the range of 8nm - 15 nm indicating small nanoparticles with high surface area suitable of catalytic applications. The XRD profile of Copper-Nickel in glycine for different stiochiometric ratios shows the presence of pure alloy of Copper Nickel at its higher value of ?, say it as 1.75. The multiple peaks in XRD for its lower stiochiometric ratio indicates the presence of oxide. The objective of our work is to synthesize nanoparticle with high surface area, selectivity and reactivity, which will be more suitable to be act as catalysts for electrochemical reaction in the conversion of CO2 to valuable products The large surface area for Copper Nanoparticles were synthesized first which having large surface active sites, they become excellent catalysts in metallurgical and petrochemical Investigation has been done based on the basic mechanism to describe the phase transformation in the combustion front. The SEM analysis pointed a remarkable change in the particle distribution, grain size, porosity and its microstructure by changing the oxidizer/ fuel ratio These nanoparticles are currently being investigated for catalytic reduction of CO2 to valuable chemicals. | 2,014 | 0 | null | [
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{
"authorId": "2028369971",
"name": "Anand Kumar"
},
{
"authorId": "15893280",
"name": "Y. Kuti"
}
] | null | null | 336 |
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02533102a11fc5d02f33f931c189162c0bb1ab47 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02533102a11fc5d02f33f931c189162c0bb1ab47 | Facile methods for enhancement of conductivity in polyaniline | More than three decades ago polymers were considered to be insulators. Polymers could be made more or less conductive by the addition of fillers such as carbon black. This notion changed after the ‘experimental accidental discovery’ of extremely high conductivities in doped polyacetylene. This discovery sparked a strong interest in intrinsically conducting polymers, which are characterised by a conjugated backbone structure. However, the commercial use of these ‘conducting polymers’ was hampered because of their intractability (processing) and instability in air. The development of a new generation of conducting polymers, next to polyacetylene, is now on the verge of playing a big role in future electronic devices e.g. light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, flexible displays, sensors to list a few amongst the many. Amongst this new generation of intrinsically conducting polymers, polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most promising candidates and a lot of studies have been devoted to this polymer. The reason is that PANI is easy to synthesize and is rather environmental stable combined with a high conductivity. However, PANI in its conducting form is also intractable in nature. Subsequent developments to modify PANI into a processable form by means of counter ion induced processing, backbone substitution with alkyl chains etc. led to the use of PANI in a number of applications, usually in (nano)composites where PANI in dispersed form acts as a conductive filler. Upon mixing PANI with conventional polymers, the strong electrostatic interactions between PANI molecules results in a phase segregated morphology, which ultimately results in a loss of connectivity between the dispersed PANI particles and hence poor conductivity.. Thus, a high(er) filler content is a prerequisite to achieve the necessary so-called percolation threshold. The downside of increasing the PANI concentration is loss in physical and mechanical properties of the composite/blend. The conductivity of PANI composites can be significantly improved by addition of nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) either multiwall or single wall connecting the dispersed PANI particles and that is one of the goals in the thesis. CNTs are attractive fillers because of their extremely high aspect ratio and exceptionally high electrical conductivity. However, the combined processing of PANI with CNTs as dispersed phases in a polymer matrix remains a considerable challenge because CNTs are also intractable in nature, like PANI. Though the enhancement in conductivities is reported in PANI-SWNT by in-situ synthesis of grafting of PANI chains on functionalized SWNTs, the reported methods do not elaborate on the processing of CNTs and PANI simultaneously. The thesis addresses the issue of co-dispersing CNTs and PANI s based on novel methods developed to a facile and combined processing of PANI with SWNTs from common organic solvent or strong acids. In Chapter 2 the synthesis of PANI is described using interfacial polycondensation at room temperature. Aniline in xylene was the organic phase on top of 1M HCl/water (bottom phase) and the polymerisation was initiated by ammonium persulphate resulting in agglomerated nano-fibrillar PANI at the interface. Subsequently, an anionic surfactant was added and after stirring and subsequently leaving the system at rest, the PANI was completely dispersed in the organic phase. In sequential experiments, single-wall CNTs, hereafter referred to as SWNT, were pre-dispersed in the aqueous phase using an anionic surfactant to obtain exfoliated CNTs in the aqueous phase and the same experimental procedure was adopted as described above. Due to the use of a surfactant, prior to polymerization, the interfacial polymerization occurred throughout the system but after stirring and leaving the system at rest, both the PANI and CNTs were completely dispersed in the organic (top phase). It is postulated that the strong interactions between the PANI backbone with the surfactant head groups as well as the hydrophobic interactions between the surfactant alkyl chains with the SWNTs are collectively responsible for the stabilization of three component system within the organic solvent such as, xylene. In Chapter 3, the use of organic PANI dispersions as described in chapter 2 is made to determine the percolation threshold, the minimum concentration required to obtain connectivity and hence conductivity between the dispersed PANI particles, within polar (polyamide 6= PA6) and apolar polymers (polyethylene). The feasibility of using organic dispersions of PANI is demonstrated by a solution-cast and melt-processing route for PA6 and polyethylene respectively. The percolation threshold of PANI within PA6 and ultra-high-molecular weight (UHMW)-PE nanocomposites is observed at 4.8 weight % and ~1.5 to 1.7weight %, respectively. The effect of the molar mass is examined further using low molar mass polyethylene and the percolation threshold is not achieved until 6 weight % of PANI. In the case of PA6-PANI nanocomposites, the presence of PANI significantly affected the melting and crystallization behaviour. Further, the conductivity in the annealed PA6-PANI nanocomposite decreased owing to reorganisation of the crystalline component which facilitated phase separation of the dispersed PANI leading into the formation of segregated domains – thus ultimately reducing the conductivity. In comparison, UHMWPE-PANI nanocomposites did not show any influence of PANI on the melting behaviour as well as annealed films did not show significant decrease in the conductivities. In chapter 4 the effect of addition of CNTs on the percolation threshold was studied. In the case of PA6- PANI+ SWNT based nanocomposites the percolation threshold is decreased by nearly 20% in the presence of only 0.04 weight % SWNTs. For comparison, PA6-SWNT films are prepared but lacklustre dispersion of SWNT is observed owing to strong SWNT agglomeration within PA6. Based on the experimental evidence, it is concluded that surfactant modified PANI acts as the effective dispersant for SWNTs within low molar mass PA6. As a consequence, SWNTs acted as nanobridges amongst conducting PANI and modified the percolation threshold. In addition nearly an order of magnitude higher conductivity is achieved at comparable PANI concentration. The reduction in the percolation threshold is also achieved in UHMWPE based nanocomposite films at only 0.02 weight % SWNTs. In addition, it is also observed that SWNT alone showed very low percolation thresholds (~0.28 weight %) with higher conductivity values compared to UHMWPE-PANI nanocomposites. Extending the influence of counter ions, Chapter 5 deals with the interactions of PANI with superheated water, 1 M HCl in water and 1 M HNO3 in water. The corresponding changes are followed in-situ using wide-angle x-ray diffraction and subsequently modelled using Materials Studio Software (Accelrys Software Inc.). Based on the information, the unit cell for emeraldine salt form of PANI is proposed. Expansion of the crystallographic lattice is observed upon treatment with superheated solvents that is found to be related to the presence and size of the anions in the solvent. All superheated solvents perpetuated disruption of crystallinity within pristine PANI. The corresponding changes on PANI backbone interactions are supported by the method described in Chapter 6. In Chapter 6, the issue of tailoring the percolation threshold was revisited but within the high performance polymer, polyparaphenylene terepthalamide (PPTA). For this purpose a superacid based route is followed. In the first part, using 98% chlorosulfonic acid, individual processing of either PANI or SWNT or a combination of PANI-SWNT is demonstrated. In subsequent part, modification of the percolation threshold in PPTA is demonstrated. The corresponding conductivity measurements exhibit that SWNTs alone formed a rather low percolation threshold (~0.6 weight %), while PANI required significantly higher amount to percolate within oriented PPTA films. This result can be attributed to the corresponding morphologies observed after treatment with superacid. The overall percolation threshold in PPTA-PANI nanocomposites is greatly reduced by addition of the minute quantity of the SWNTs (~0.3 weight %). The preliminary experiments suggested an order of magnitude lower value for the conductivity compared to pristine PANI but reduction in the percolation is achieved at nearly 25% and 50% less amount of PANI and SWNTs respectively. This experimental evidence clearly suggests that SWNTs successfully formed the nanobridges between PANI in oriented films based on PPTA. | 2,009 | 2 | null | [
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] | null | null | 337 |
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0254f31108d8592d7d5c8f82ea76411db08094a0 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0254f31108d8592d7d5c8f82ea76411db08094a0 | A new dual hydrophilic–hydrophobic acrylic resin containing pyridine and 1,3,4-oxadiaxole moieties for removal of Co(II)ions | null | Polymer Bulletin | 2,018 | 6 | null | [
{
"authorId": "93853496",
"name": "Masoumeh Mirzaeinejad"
},
{
"authorId": "35069264",
"name": "Y. Mansoori"
}
] | null | null | 338 |
02552b88a33ae3532423214964ffb9449189ce3e | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02552b88a33ae3532423214964ffb9449189ce3e | Design, synthesis, and photophysical characterization of water-soluble chlorins. | The use of chlorins as photosensitizers or fluorophores in a range of biological applications requires facile provisions for imparting high water solubility. Two free base chlorins have been prepared wherein each chlorin bears a geminal dimethyl group in the reduced ring and a water-solubilizing unit at the chlorin 10-position. In one design (FbC1-PO3H2), the water-solubilizing unit is a 1,5-diphosphonopent-3-yl ("swallowtail") unit, which has previously been used to good effect with porphyrins. In the other design (FbC2-PO3H2), the water-solubilizing unit is a 2,6-bis(phosphonomethoxy)phenyl unit. Two complementary routes were developed for preparing FbC2-PO3H2 that entail introduction of the protected phosphonate moieties either in the Eastern-half precursor to the chlorin or by derivatization of an intact chlorin. Water-solubilization is achieved in the last step of each synthesis upon removal of the phosphonate protecting groups. The chlorins FbC1-PO3H2 and FbC2-PO3H2 are highly water-soluble (>10 mM) as shown by 1H NMR spectroscopy (D2O) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The photophysical properties of the water-soluble chlorins in phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) at room temperature were investigated using static and time-resolved absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. Each chlorin exhibits dominant absorption bands in the blue and the red region (lambda = 398, 626 nm), a modest fluorescence yield (Phi f approximately 0.11), a long singlet excited-state lifetime (tau = 7.5 ns), and a high yield of intersystem crossing to give the triplet state (Phi isc = 0.9). The properties of the water-soluble chlorins in aqueous media are comparable to those of hydrophobic chlorins in toluene. The high aqueous solubility combined with the attractive photophysical properties make these compounds suitable for a wide range of biomedical applications. | Journal of Organic Chemistry | 2,008 | 49 | null | [
{
"authorId": "9866743",
"name": "K. Borbas"
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{
"authorId": "5246257",
"name": "Vanampally Chandrashaker"
},
{
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"name": "Chinnasamy Muthiah"
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"authorId": "1866531",
"name": "D. Holten"
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{
"authorId": "2890301",
"name": "J. Lindsey"
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] | null | null | 339 |
025effc9e1e010661c20a8d0e4a7ea34e82293a7 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/025effc9e1e010661c20a8d0e4a7ea34e82293a7 | Ozone gas sensing on Zn0.95Co0.05O thin films grown by spray pyrolysis | Zinc oxide based thin films are strategic systems for high power electronics and transparent electrodes due to its wide bandgap. Nowadays metal transition (MT) doping becomes interesting to introduce magnetic properties and cobalt-doped ZnO have been recognized as a promising material in the field of spintronics as diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS). Recently ZnCoO nanostructured films were employed as gas sensors due to its chemical sensitivity to harmful gases as ozone (O 3 ). Electrical measurements showed an enhancement on sensor resistance in the presence of Co even at low levels concentrations. However the doping processes in oxides are strongly dependent on synthesis method. One of versatile production method to be explored is the spray pyrolysis. This method has as advantages its low cost and large scale industrial production possibilities when considered as an alternative route to produce thin oxide films. Our work shows the investigation of cobalt-doped ZnO films grown by pulverization of a solution consisting of zinc acetate dihydrate and cobalt acetate in distilled water. The solution with molarity M=4 10 -3 allow us the growth of films on silicon substrates at the temperature range 220-300 o C. The structural properties of films of Zn 0.95 Co 0.05 O with three different thicknesses were investigated by X-rays diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ZnCoO films grown on (001) silicon substrates present wurtzite phase with high directional preference for the (002) direction as compared to films grown on amorphous glass substrates. Crystallite size varied in the range between 15-25nm, increasing as thickness increases. The electrical response to ozone was measured into a chamber which allowed the control of the substrate temperature and | 2,017 | 0 | {
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{
"authorId": "143812712",
"name": "M. Godoy"
}
] | https://proceedings.science/proceedings/82/_papers/80502/download/fulltext_file1 | proceedings.science | 340 |
|
025f05a538ef548874bf0e9beb72e198bd68d23f | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/025f05a538ef548874bf0e9beb72e198bd68d23f | Factors affecting photoluminescence of structures based on citric acid and ethylenediamine | Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) attract a lot of interest because of their numerous unique properties. The advantage of photoluminescent CNPs is the simplicity of synthesis and surface modification, photostability and low cytotoxicity. In connection with the variety of methods of synthesis and the possibility of changing the initial materials, it is expedient to study the factors that affect the properties of the obtained particles. Recently, much attention has been paid to CNPs based on citric acid and ethylenediamine. This is due to the fact that such particles have a high quantum yield and can be an alternative of semiconductor quantum dots. In this work, we report the influence of the form of the diamine and the pH of the CNPs solutions on the photoluminescent properties. We also studied the stability of CNPs diluted solutions in time. As a result of the work, we determined that the optimal pH of CNPs solutions are close to neutral, which makes it possible to use the CNPs in biological objects. | Saratov Fall Meeting | 2,019 | 1 | null | [
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"authorId": "96744524",
"name": "E. A. Mordovina"
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{
"authorId": "96825872",
"name": "A. A. Bakal"
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"name": "D. Tsyupka"
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"name": "V. V. Olomskaya"
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{
"authorId": "4429586",
"name": "I. Goryacheva"
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] | null | null | 341 |
025f18bbf3bcc4c3fdf9d714583d211f0ddca591 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/025f18bbf3bcc4c3fdf9d714583d211f0ddca591 | Dlf complexes with uniform coordination geometry: structural and magnetic properties of an LnNi2 core supported by a heptadentate amine phenol ligand. | The synthesis and physical characterization of a series of lanthanide (Ln(III)) and nickel (Ni(II)) mixed trimetallic complexes with the heptadentate (N(4)O(3)) amine phenol ligand H(3)trn [tris(2'-hydroxybenzylaminoethyl)amine] has been accomplished in order to extend our understanding of how amine phenol ligands can be used to coaggregate d- and f-block metal ions and to investigate further the magnetic interaction between these ions. The one-pot reaction in methanol of stoichiometric amounts of H(3)trn with NiX(2).6H(2)O (X = ClO(4), NO(3)) followed by addition of the corresponding LnX(3).6H(2)O salt, and then base, produces complexes of the general formula [LnNi(2)(trn)(2)]X.nH(2)O. The complexes were characterized by a variety of analytical techniques. Crystals of five of the complexes were grown from methanol solutions and their structures were determined by X-ray analysis: [PrNi(2)(trn)(2)(CH(3)OH)]ClO(4).4CH(3)OH.H(2)O, [SmNi(2)(trn)(2)(CH(3)OH)]NO(3).4CH(3)OH.2H(2)O, [TbNi(2)(trn)(2)(CH(3)OH)]NO(3).4CH(3)OH.3H(2)O, [ErNi(2)(trn)(2)(CH(3)OH)]NO(3).6CH(3)OH, and [LuNi(2)(trn)(2)(CH(3)OH)]NO(3).4.5CH(3)OH.1.5H(2)O. The [LnNi(2)(trn)(2)(CH(3)OH)](+) complex cation consists of two octahedral Ni(II) ions, each of which is encapsulated by the ligand trn(3)(-) in an N(4)O(2) coordination sphere with one phenolate O atom not bound to Ni(II). Each [Ni(trn)](-) unit acts as a tridentate ligand toward the Ln(III) ion via two bridging and one nonbridging phenolate donors. Remarkably, in all of the structurally characterized complexes, Ln(III) is seven-coordinate and has a flattened pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. Such uniform coordination behavior along the whole lanthanide series is rare and can perhaps be attributed to a mismatch between the geometric requirements of the bridging and nonbridging phenolate donors. Magnetic studies indicate that ferromagnetic exchange occurs in the Ni(II)/Ln(II) complexes where Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, or Er. | Inorganic Chemistry | 2,003 | 37 | null | [
{
"authorId": "7666172",
"name": "S. Bayly"
},
{
"authorId": "2136390909",
"name": "Z. Xu"
},
{
"authorId": "2676354",
"name": "B. Patrick"
},
{
"authorId": "4309464",
"name": "S. Rettig"
},
{
"authorId": "144996508",
"name": "M. Pink"
},
{
"authorId": "144987559",
"name": "Robert C. Thompson"
},
{
"authorId": "5301203",
"name": "C. Orvig"
}
] | null | null | 342 |
026095ccf86720622e9782bf5b1ea16b9c8f7008 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/026095ccf86720622e9782bf5b1ea16b9c8f7008 | IMPROVED BACTERICIDAL PROPERTY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM PENICILLIUM PINOPHILUM (MTCC 2192) IN A COMBINED FORM WITH CARBICILLIN AND MOXIFLOXACIN | Objective: In the recent scenario, progress in nano-biotechnology research has made a great development particularly in the field of medicine based on metallic nanoparticles with antibacterial property to combat the pathogenic bacteria, who are resistance to varied antibiotics. Silver nanoparticle has its own advantages in order to kill the microbes effectively. Methods: In this paper, extracellular biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles was made from Penicillium pinophilum (MTCC 2192). The characterization of the nanoparticles was carried out as well as its antibiotic efficacy was evaluated in addition with the antibiotics. Results: The development of yellowish brown color in the conical flask suggested the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs was investigated by the UV-Vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles in the prepared solution. Characters of these silver nanoparticles were further studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. The particle sizes were recorded within 33.29 to 66.97nm and the roughness of the silver nanoparticles were noted. The synthesis process was found quite fast, convenient, ecofriendly and cost effective. The nanoparticles produced during the study period were found to have wider antibacterial property and also it showed the enhanced efficacy in combination with carbicillin and moxifloxacin against selected bacterial pathogens. Conclusion: The synergistic mode of antibiosis in between nanoparticles synthesized from P. pinophilum (MTCC 2192) and carbicillin & moxifloxacin was found to be more effective against pathogenic bacteria during the present study. | 2,014 | 12 | null | [
{
"authorId": "7435106",
"name": "Anima Nanda"
},
{
"authorId": "13898106",
"name": "Shahnaz Majeed"
}
] | null | null | 343 |
|
0262458884bf7831399347060500e0b816576770 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0262458884bf7831399347060500e0b816576770 | Uncertainty evaluation in measurement of formaldehyde content in textile auxiliaries | Based on standard GB/T 20708-2006,the uncertainty of the various components affected the result during the measurement was analyzed and assessed by detecting the formaldehyde content in textile auxiliaries using acetylacetone spectrophotometry.The uncertainty included the follow ones: uncertainty u(A) derived from the reproducibility of sample measurements,uncertainty u(c) resulted from calculating formaldehyde concentration from working curve [uncertainty u1(c) of least squares fitting,uncertainty u2(c) of fixed value of standard solution],uncertainty u(V) resulted from the fixed value of extracted sample[uncertainty u1(V) of volumetric flask,uncertainty u2(V) induced by influence of temperature on water volume],uncertainty u(m) resulted from sample weighs [uncertainty u1(m) of electric analytical balance,uncertainty u2(m) induced by resolution of electric analytical balance],uncertainty ucrel(F) of synthesis standard,relative expanded uncertainty U of sample formaldehyde content.The expanded uncertainty in measurement of formaldehyde content in textile auxiliaries was 2.76 mg/kg,the coverage factor k=2,confidence probability was 95%. | 2,008 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "123798612",
"name": "Shen Bin"
}
] | null | null | 344 |
|
0263c67a1172b8a993f4bbf7dacfbbdf251def36 | {
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"DOI": "10.1038/s41598-017-00332-3",
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0263c67a1172b8a993f4bbf7dacfbbdf251def36 | Cross-beta nanostructures based on dinaphthylalanine Gd-conjugates loaded with doxorubicin | null | Scientific Reports | 2,017 | 22 | {
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-00332-3.pdf"
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{
"authorId": "4894347",
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"name": "F. A. Mercurio"
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"name": "M. Leone"
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"authorId": "74815107",
"name": "C. Giannini"
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{
"authorId": "4406615",
"name": "A. Accardo"
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] | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-00332-3.pdf | www.nature.com | 345 |
02647447ef0181f594828868cebed1d933522961 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02647447ef0181f594828868cebed1d933522961 | Solution studies of lanthanide (III) complexes based on 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione and 1,10-phenanthroline Part-I: Synthesis, 1H NMR, 4f–4f absorption and photoluminescence | null | 2,010 | 39 | null | [
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{
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] | null | null | 346 |
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0269e2579105725d1f3ba8f12fa7ba2aabbeaabc | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0269e2579105725d1f3ba8f12fa7ba2aabbeaabc | Optimized synthesis of carbon-doped nano-MgO and its performance study in catalyzed ozonation of humic acid in aqueous solutions: Modeling based on response surface methodology. | null | Journal of Environmental Management | 2,019 | 31 | null | [
{
"authorId": "5615420",
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},
{
"authorId": "50072339",
"name": "M. Salari"
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] | null | null | 347 |
026c0364b483e5ed862169d89ab865331a578c59 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/026c0364b483e5ed862169d89ab865331a578c59 | Sol-gel synthesis of hybrid silicon dioxide-poly(ethylene imine) organoinorganic nanocomposite passing into a mesoporous state upon thermal treatment | null | 2,008 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "12572474",
"name": "T. A. Nefedova"
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{
"authorId": "49789271",
"name": "A. Agafonov"
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] | null | null | 348 |
|
0271503340c5f9d27f7731df9d21a1c9df5002b1 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0271503340c5f9d27f7731df9d21a1c9df5002b1 | Amino acid functionalized silica gel as a selective sorbent for enrichment of Pt (II) | In this study we report on the synthesis and applicability of 3 new sorbents based on silica gel impregnated with amino acids or with amino acid derivatives, namely L-cystine modified silica gel (SiO2-Cys-Cys), silica gel modified with Lcysteine amide of 4-aminoantypirine (SiO2–Cys) and silica gel modified with N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-methionine (SiO2Met) as an efficient sorbent for solid-phase extraction of Pt from hydrochloric acid solutions. Extraction efficiency and selectivity of the sorbents toward Pt(II)/Pt(IV) were studied by batch procedure. The influence of analytical parameters such as acidity of the sample solution, eluent type and volume, effects of foreign ions on the sorption/desorption behavior of Pt(II)/Pt(IV) were investigated. The results obtained demonstrate that SiO2-Cys and SiO2-Met showed high sorption activity toward Pt(II) while SiO2-Cys-Cys is not able to extract quantitatively neither Pt(II) nor Pt(IV). The experiments revealed that the new sorbents SiO2–Cys and SiO2-Met are highly selective toward Pt(II) extracted as Pt(Cl)4 complex while sorption of Pt(IV) is negligible at the same HCl concentration. Analytical procedure was developed for total Pt determination in cosmetic cream samples, based on solid-phase extraction using SiO2-Met as an effective sorbent combined with ICP-OES measurements. Under optimised conditions, the limit of quantification achieved for total Pt in cosmetic creams was 0.2 μg g-1, the RSD value varied between 6-16 % for Pt content between 0.2-1 μg g-1. The accuracy of the proposed method was confirmed by the added/found method and by comparative analysis using direct ICP-MS measurements. | 2,018 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "50641315",
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"authorId": "4465720",
"name": "M. Chochkova"
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"name": "I. Dakova"
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{
"authorId": "92799149",
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02727de79a9749db366b0d31f46209d5e1e98dab | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02727de79a9749db366b0d31f46209d5e1e98dab | E2 interaction and dimerization in the crystal structure of TRAF6 | null | Nature Structural &Molecular Biology | 2,009 | 341 | null | [
{
"authorId": "123100677",
"name": "Q. Yin"
},
{
"authorId": "122046039",
"name": "Su-Chang Lin"
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{
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{
"authorId": "2242016972",
"name": "Hao Wu"
}
] | null | null | 350 |
0272d09a33206065647ff069cc0749960a8367dd | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0272d09a33206065647ff069cc0749960a8367dd | Core-shell nanostructured cobalt ferrite-sisesquioxane-epoxy composites : nanofiller surface treatment, particle dispersion, mechanical and magnetic properties | Magnetic core-shell cobalt ferrite-silsesquioxane-epoxy nanocomposites have been prepared with uniform nanoparticle distribution. The nanoparticles were surface-treated with methyl- (MTMS), aminopropyl- (APTMS), glycidoxypropyl- (GPTMS) trimethoxy-silane. The optimum coating process was performed in a water/merthanol solution on the particles directly after their synthesis without prior drying. The GPTMS-coatings were 30 nm thick and the nanoparticles dispersed well in epoxy without sedimentation. The MTMS-coated nanoparticles (3 nm coating) formed weak agglomerates in epoxy but showed no sedimentation. The APTMS-coated particles formed stronger agglomerates, which led to sedimentation of the aorticles during molding. The GPTMS-based composites showed higher fracture toughness than the MTMS-based composites. This was attributed to the presence of large agglomerates in the latter systems and to the stronger interface between coating and epoxy in the former systems. Ultrasonic alkaline etching allowed precis determination of the ferrite content of the core-shell nanoparticles. Magnetometry showe a markedly lower coercivity for nanoparticles with thin coatings (MTMS) than for the nanoparticles with thicker coatings (GPTMS) suggesting the occurrence of magnetic exchange interaction in the former systems. The nanocomposites showed no influence of surface coating on coercivity or saturation magnetization suggesting that the inter-particle distances were greater than 0.5 nm. | 2,010 | 0 | null | [
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{
"authorId": "92539428",
"name": "S. Savage"
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{
"authorId": "5647453",
"name": "U. Gedde"
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] | null | null | 351 |
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0272f46238a3edf4d14165d9a92fa1a2eca36bd4 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0272f46238a3edf4d14165d9a92fa1a2eca36bd4 | Synthesis and Characterization of Scratch-Resistant Ni-P-Ti-Based Composite Coating | Abstract In order to improve the toughness of Ni-P coatings, Ti particles were introduced into the plating solution to produce a Ni-P-Ti composite coating (on API-X100 steel), which was subsequently annealed to form superelastic NiTi precipitates within the coating. The effect of Ti content on deposition rate and surface morphology of Ni-P-Ti coatings was studied. A detailed investigation of the influence of Ti content and annealing on the microstructure, microhardness, and scratch behavior of Ni-P-Ti composite coatings was carried out. Further, scratch resistance and toughening mechanisms, namely, crack deflection, crack bridging, and crack shielding, are discussed. The NiTi precipitates greatly improved the cracking and scratch resistance as a result of the superelastic NiTi toughening effect. | Tribology Transactions | 2,019 | 23 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2118213774",
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},
{
"authorId": "37523124",
"name": "Z. Farhat"
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{
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{
"authorId": "39455366",
"name": "A. Abdullah"
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{
"authorId": "36879341",
"name": "Mohammad K. Hassan"
}
] | null | null | 352 |
027e3cf5806e85904cd2fb4780418eaca9ef4586 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/027e3cf5806e85904cd2fb4780418eaca9ef4586 | Synthesis and Characterization of Sol-Gel Derived SiO2-CaO Glass | A phosphate-free glass based on SiO2-CaO was synthesized by a low temperature acid catalysed sol-gel route. The obtained material was evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The XRD analysis showed the sol-gel derived glass was amorphous in nature and crystallized when sintered at temperature above 900oC. The crystalline state was consisted of quartz and wollastonite phases. Meanwhile the infrared analysis showed typical transmission bands of monolith silica in the binary glass pattern. The bioactivity of the amorphous glass was investigated in vitro in simulated body fluid (SBF). The amorphous glasses were soaked in SBF for 1, 3 and 7 days. It is notable that the obtained results from FTIR, SEM and EDS analyses showed the deposition of spherical-shaped crystalline hydroxyl-carbonate-apatite (HCA) on the surface of the glass within 3 days of immersion in SBF solution. The HCA deposition was covered most of the surface after 7 days of immersion. | 2,015 | 1 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2668317",
"name": "S. A. Fadzli"
},
{
"authorId": "117029091",
"name": "S. Roslinda"
},
{
"authorId": "115636563",
"name": "F. Zainuddin"
}
] | null | null | 353 |
|
027f82c471692349db0ee30560d1180a57a696fa | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/027f82c471692349db0ee30560d1180a57a696fa | Solution Synthesis of Thin Films in the SnO2−In2O3 System: A Case Study of the Mixing of Sol−Gel and Metal-Organic Solution Processes | Thin films with nominal molar compositions ranging from 98% In2O3−2% SnO2 to 2% In2O3−98% SnO2 were prepared by mixing solutions of Sn(II) 2-ethylhexanoate in butanol with In2O3 sols prepared by a chemical complexation-based sol−gel process. The starting solutions were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, while the thin films, prepared by spin coating on silicon substrates and subsequent heat treatments up to 500 or 800 °C, were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Auger spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy. It was concluded that the main factor governing the film formation is the lack of cross-linking reactions between the Sn and In species in the starting solutions. This may result in phase separation already during the spinning stage, in particular, for compositions with comparable concentrations of the two components. During the heat... | 2,006 | 32 | null | [
{
"authorId": "32326463",
"name": "M. Epifani"
},
{
"authorId": "80004483",
"name": "R. Díaz"
},
{
"authorId": "3486893",
"name": "J. Arbiol"
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{
"authorId": "145614257",
"name": "P. Siciliano"
},
{
"authorId": "2319457",
"name": "J. Morante"
}
] | null | null | 354 |
|
027f8788b8ff8e7e4855c0d56d0135609f9fc4d6 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/027f8788b8ff8e7e4855c0d56d0135609f9fc4d6 | Synthesis of poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-based dithiocarbamate magnetic composite for the adsorption of Co2+ from aqueous solution | null | Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics | 2,018 | 12 | null | [
{
"authorId": "52610688",
"name": "Li Danyang"
},
{
"authorId": "96027683",
"name": "Niu Lanli"
},
{
"authorId": "81697380",
"name": "D. Yimin"
},
{
"authorId": "73590252",
"name": "Zou Jiaqi"
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{
"authorId": "73467689",
"name": "Chen Tian-xiao"
},
{
"authorId": "47052327",
"name": "Z. Yi"
}
] | null | null | 355 |
02833b8efda807782fa8cf72194f8e4caa7f90b8 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02833b8efda807782fa8cf72194f8e4caa7f90b8 | Synthesis of calcium phosphate composite organogels by using castor oil and sorbitan monopalmitate based for dentine occlusion material | Calcium phosphate composite organogel was synthesized from a mixture of sorbitan monopalmitate as emulsifier and castor oil as oil phase at 60 °C to establish emulsion system with calcium chloride and di-sodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution as water phase. The heated mixture was cooled at room temperature to form organogel. The prepared organogels were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and cytotoxicity test. The prepared organogels of 4:3 and 1:1 in oil/water content ratio were white and gritty in nature, which resulted in calcium phosphate nanoparticles with spherical shape of 1.3 to 1.9 μm and 1.2 to 2.3 μm, respectively. They were able to successfully occlude into dentine tubules within 1 day. In addition, the prepared organogels were found to have acceptable toxicity level for daily human use with high concentration up to 1600 μg/ml. Hence, these organogels showed the promising results to be developed as an effective dentine occlusion material in relieving of dentin hypersensitivity. | IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering | 2,019 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "1447009557",
"name": "J. Waiyawat"
},
{
"authorId": "12058046",
"name": "K. Akkarachaneeyakorn"
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{
"authorId": "1447009300",
"name": "P. Changpongpan"
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{
"authorId": "6217711",
"name": "Mesayamas Kongsema"
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{
"authorId": "1447009281",
"name": "C. Teanchai"
},
{
"authorId": "12974434",
"name": "O. Chienthavorn"
}
] | null | null | 356 |
02841978be47554416dd871ecc833abd73278142 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02841978be47554416dd871ecc833abd73278142 | DRUG SYNTHESIS METHODS AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND IMMUNOTROPIC ACTIVITY OF THE PRODUCTS FROM REACTION OF N-(6-METHYL-2,4-DIOXO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDRO-5H- PYRIMIDINESULFONE)-N-ISONICOTINOYLHYDRAZIDE WITH ACIDS AND BASES IN AQUEOUS MEDIA | The effect of tautomerism on the structure of products from the reaction of N-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4tetrahydro-5H-pyrimidinesulfone)-N -isonicotinoylhydrazide (kristafon) with acids (hydrochloric, phosphoric, acetic, oxalic, succinic, citric, hyaluronic) and bases [sodium hydroxide, triethanolamine, tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane] in aqueous media has been studied using UV, IR, PMR, and 13 C NMR spectroscopy techniques. The properties of kristafon are compared to those of analogous compounds containing pyridine (isonicotine hydrazide, sulfotolylisonicotine hydrazide) and pyrimidine [bis-p-(2,4-dioxo-6-methylpyrimidinyl-5-sulfonamino)-diphenylsulfone] fragments in acid–base media. It is shown that the immunotropic activity of kristafon phosphate and kristafon are improved in hyaluronic acid solution. | 2,010 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2083172005",
"name": "E. S. Ryzhova"
},
{
"authorId": "117277728",
"name": "D. Panteleev"
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{
"authorId": "120910321",
"name": "A. Volkov"
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{
"authorId": "2270734741",
"name": "N. B. Mel"
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{
"authorId": "4007419",
"name": "M. Gulenova"
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{
"authorId": "5102956",
"name": "V. K. Osmanov"
},
{
"authorId": "50518884",
"name": "A. Borisov"
}
] | null | null | 357 |
|
028839bd9f3b994f2f9a8331d710dad6b1da4828 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/028839bd9f3b994f2f9a8331d710dad6b1da4828 | Carbohydrate-functionalized surfaces for glycomics applications | In particular, we report the surface immobilization of the poly(L- Lysine)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) functionalized with the monosaccharide D-mannose. With this platform the sugar loading and distribution are tailored. To sense in situ/in real time and quantitatively interfacial processes between carbohydrate-modified surfaces and ConA in solution, the optical bio-sensing method based on evanescent field, Optical Waveguide Lightmode Spectroscopy (OWLS) is used. Experimental Reagents. All reagents were analytical research grade and used without further purification. D-Mannose (Man) was purchased at Senn Chemicals AG. N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester of maleimide-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (NHS-PEG-MAL, molecular weight 3.4 kDa, polydispersity (PDI)<1.05) and methoxy-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (NHS-mPEG, 2kDa, PDI<1.05) were obtained from Nektar therapeutics, US. The poly(L-Lysine) hydrobromide (PLL-HBr) (molecular weight 15-30 kDa, 1.1-1.3) and the lectin concanavalin A (Con A) isolated from jack beans were purchased from Sigma Aldrich US. Carbohydrate synthesis. The 2-mercaptoethyl α-D-mannopyranoside was synthesized as previously reported by Houseman et al. 5 It is coupled to the maleimide group of the NHS-PEG-MAL to form NHS-PEG-Man. The PLL-g-PEG/PEG-Man polymers were then synthesized from stoechiometric mixture with PLL in polar organic solvent. The active NHS-PEG-Man are diluted with methoxy-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) to control the overall PEG/Lys grafting ratio (g~3.5). The polymers were characterized by 1 H- NMR using D2O on a 300-MHz Bruker instrument, to determine the bulk value of the grafting ratio. The characteristics of the different PLL-g- PEG/PEG-Man (X% PEG-Man) architectures used in this study are summarized in Table 1. Table 1. PLL-g-PEG/PEG-Mannose characteristic features PEG-Man (X%) Mw (Da) nMan/nCopolym gNMR | 2,009 | 1 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2072363855",
"name": "Katrin A. Barth"
}
] | null | null | 358 |
|
0289059529495a68a7461c08d0e9717c344ca03a | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0289059529495a68a7461c08d0e9717c344ca03a | Facile Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptide-p-Nitroanilide (pNA) Analog Containing Conjugates Using a Novel Wang or Rink Amide Resin | Proteases play a key role in literally all biological processes, and are of great interest, especially to the pharmaceutical industry. Colorimetric based Peptide-p-Nitroanilide conjugates (peptide-pNAs), with absorbance at approximately 408 nm, have historically been and are still widely used substrates for the study of protease activity. The preparation of peptide-pNA however, presents several technical challenges. Firstly, the amino group of pNA has a low nucleophilic property due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the nitro group. Secondly, the poor solubility of a p-nitroanilide intermediate and lastly, coupling in solution phase by DCC, azide or active ester, commonly used techniques are not effective. Here we report the development of two novel supports for facile solid phase peptide syntheses, namely, Wang-resin and Rink Amide-resin conjugated with a pNA analog, 5-amino-2-nitrobenzoic acid (Anb5,2). Based on a paper by Hojo, et al. in which they described the introduction of Anb5,2 to a p-methylbenzhydrylamine (MB) resin; we successfully coupled Anb5,2 to either Wang or Rink Amide resin using the TBTU method in the presence of p-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Anb5,2-Wang or Rink Rmide resin is then coupled to a Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) containing amino acid. Peptide synthesis can subsequently proceed using Fmoc synthesis strategy. The use of this pNA analog containing resins circumvents the tehcnical difficulties stated above. These resins also greatly facilitates the synthesis of peptide-pNA-like chromogenic substrates for protease research. | 2,011 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2070714084",
"name": "C. Po"
},
{
"authorId": "2109824151",
"name": "J. He"
},
{
"authorId": "145215431",
"name": "A. Hong"
},
{
"authorId": "50142140",
"name": "X. Wang"
}
] | null | null | 359 |
|
028b6ec06ce893a9958eb3ac77fb2957e485cbc9 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/028b6ec06ce893a9958eb3ac77fb2957e485cbc9 | Green hydrothermal synthesis method of the highly crystalline non-porous magnesium borate nanowhisker | Green hydrothermal synthesis method of the highly crystalline non-porous magnesium borate nanowhisker, technical field belonging to the inorganic chemical process. The method inorganic magnesium salts, borate salts, and inorganic bases rt coprecipitate as precursor slurry, by its suction, pre-exfoliated with corrosive chloride ions to water heating device, after supplemented the borate , pH adjusting agent to adjust the pH of the solution, and then add the inducer polymorph, at 100 to 220 deg.] C to a hydrothermal treatment product, directional growth is achieved by controlling the content of the product and the process conditions Form inducing agent, to obtain uniform morphology, highly crystalline, high aspect ratio of one-dimensional nano basic magnesium borate whisker, the product was washed with hot water, drying, by the introduction of chlorine ions to the filtrate after the hydrothermal pre-release product (incorporated amount is the amount of solution preseparation 25-100%), in the presence of a surfactant calcined at 650-750 deg.] C, and the reforming structure to achieve phase conversion, high aspect ratio, uniformly dispersed, uniform size, no crystal twinning magnesium borate nanowhiskers. The present process is simple, mild conditions, raw materials readily available and inexpensive, green synthetic, no corrosion of equipment, easily in industry. The present invention is prepared using primary magnesium borate whisker content greater than 98%, and regular morphology, uniform particle size, a nonporous, high-value, is expected as a metal substrate, a plastic substrate, and a polymer-based reinforced ceramic matrix composite material toughening material. | 2,014 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "93338364",
"name": "朱万诚"
},
{
"authorId": "96310068",
"name": "王汝国"
},
{
"authorId": "96910738",
"name": "朱山林"
},
{
"authorId": "65771470",
"name": "张琳琳"
},
{
"authorId": "73503042",
"name": "张强"
}
] | null | null | 360 |
|
028dee6ddc0d6e65bc1279d17331a49fe0e923ab | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/028dee6ddc0d6e65bc1279d17331a49fe0e923ab | Synthesis of Thiocyameluric Acid C6N7S3H3, Its Reaction to Alkali Metal Thiocyamelurates and Organic Tris(dithio)cyamelurates | Abstract Thiocyameluric acid C6N7S3H3, the tri‐thio analogue of cyameluric acid, is a key compound for the synthesis of new s‐heptazine (tri‐s‐triazine) derivatives. Here, two different routes for the synthesis of thiocyameluric acid and its reaction to tris(aryldithio)‐ and tris(alkyldithio)cyamelurates C6N7(SSR)3 are reported as well as transformation to alkali metal thiocyamelurates M3[C6N7S3], M=Na, K. These compounds were characterised by FTIR, Raman, solution 13C and 1H NMR spectroscopies, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and elemental analysis. The three (de)protonation steps of thiocyameluric acid were investigated by acid–base titration followed via UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy. While it was not possible to determine the three pK a values, it could be postulated that the acid strength probably increases in the following order: cyanuric acid (C3N3O3H3) < thiocyanuric acid (C3N3S3H3) < cyameluric acid (C6N7O3H3) < thiocyameluric acid (C6N7S3H3). Single crystals of Na3[C6N7S3]⋅10 H2O and K3[C6N7S3]⋅6 H2O were obtained and the structures analyzed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Additionally, quantum chemical calculations were performed to get insights into the electronic structure of thiocyameluric acid and to clarify the thiol–thione tautomerism. Based on a comparison of calculated and measured vibrational spectra it can be concluded that thiocyameluric acid and the di‐ and mono‐protonated anions exist in the thione form. | Chemistry | 2,019 | 4 | {
"status": "HYBRID",
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{
"authorId": "16104713",
"name": "Christian Posern"
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"name": "Carl‐Christoph Höhne"
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{
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"name": "U. Böhme"
},
{
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"name": "C. Vogt"
},
{
"authorId": "4829318",
"name": "E. Kroke"
}
] | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/chem.201903400 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | 361 |
02912aa562d4ec47989f344836b784952babc118 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02912aa562d4ec47989f344836b784952babc118 | Urease-mediated room-temperature synthesis of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide. | Enzymes are an important class of biological molecules whose specific functionalities can be exploited to perform tasks beyond the reach of conventional chemistry. Because they are operational under environmentally friendly, ambient conditions, the adaptation of these biomacromolecules can potentially be used to replace current energy-intensive and environmentally harsh synthesis methods for materials. Here we used a hydrolytic enzyme, urease, to modify the solution environment around a water-soluble and stable TiO(2) precursor to synthesize nanocrystalline titanium dioxide under environmentally benign conditions. This urease-mediated synthesis yields nearly monodisperse TiO(2) nanostructures with high surface area that can be utilized for numerous energy-based applications such as low-cost photovoltaics and photocatalysts. | Journal of the American Chemical Society | 2,012 | 39 | null | [
{
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},
{
"authorId": "15745307",
"name": "Nichola M. Kinsinger"
},
{
"authorId": "2202077937",
"name": "Chuanlong Sun"
},
{
"authorId": "2330364129",
"name": "Dongsheng Li"
},
{
"authorId": "46848958",
"name": "D. Kisailus"
}
] | null | null | 362 |
0293b9722868493f83527685b8ca60e0ef1419c4 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0293b9722868493f83527685b8ca60e0ef1419c4 | Synthesis and Water Absorbency of Superabsorbent Copolymers | Superabsorbent copolymers (SAPs) based on the monomers acrylamide, calcium acrylate, and potassium acrylate were prepared by copolymerization using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator and N , N '-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) as cross-linking agent. The copolymers were synthesized by varying monomer, cross-linker, and initiator concentrations. The experimental results show that SAPs have good absorbency both in water and NaCl solutions. The copolymers were characterized by IR spectroscopy. The water retention capacity of the SAPs was carried out at 60 and 100C. | 2,003 | 6 | null | [
{
"authorId": "143855693",
"name": "M. Raju"
},
{
"authorId": "40653625",
"name": "K. Raju"
}
] | null | null | 363 |
|
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0298cf1c66e29f92869c221b8f693dc88495ab55 | DNA tandem lesion repair by strand displacement synthesis and nucleotide excision repair. | DNA tandem lesions are comprised of two contiguously damaged nucleotides. This subset of clustered lesions is produced by a variety of oxidizing agents, including ionizing radiation. Clustered lesions can inhibit base excision repair (BER). We report the effects of tandem lesions composed of a thymine glycol and a 5'-adjacent 2-deoxyribonolactone (LTg) or tetrahydrofuran abasic site (FTg). Some BER enzymes that act on the respective isolated lesions do not accept the tandem lesion as a substrate. For instance, endonuclease III (Nth) does not excise thymine glycol (Tg) when it is part of either tandem lesion. Similarly, endonuclease IV (Nfo) does not incise L or F when they are in tandem with Tg. Long-patch BER overcomes inhibition by the tandem lesion. DNA polymerase beta (Pol beta) carries out strand displacement synthesis, following APE1 incision of the abasic site. Pol beta activity is enhanced by flap endonuclease (FEN1), which cleaves the resulting flap. The tandem lesion is also incised by the bacterial nucleotide excision repair system UvrABC with almost the same efficiency as an isolated Tg. These data reveal two solutions that DNA repair systems can use to counteract the formation of tandem lesions. | Biochemistry | 2,008 | 42 | {
"status": "GREEN",
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} | [
{
"authorId": "38488370",
"name": "Shuhei Imoto"
},
{
"authorId": "12716106",
"name": "Leslie A Bransfield"
},
{
"authorId": "5067883",
"name": "D. Croteau"
},
{
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"name": "B. Van Houten"
},
{
"authorId": "4654067",
"name": "M. Greenberg"
}
] | https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2432464?pdf=render | europepmc.org | 364 |
0298d5755a70c17ef91e811a6ca20befd425aef8 | {
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"name": "Nature Chemistry",
"type": "journal",
"url": "http://www.nature.com/nchem/"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0298d5755a70c17ef91e811a6ca20befd425aef8 | Combinatorial evolution of site- and enantioselective catalysts for polyene epoxidation | null | Nature Chemistry | 2,012 | 110 | null | [
{
"authorId": "5402802",
"name": "Phillip A Lichtor"
},
{
"authorId": "6956456",
"name": "Scott J. Miller"
}
] | null | null | 365 |
02993989068de626fd498eea343bbea5bcb64bf2 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02993989068de626fd498eea343bbea5bcb64bf2 | New Configuration of Solid‐State Neutron Detector Made Possible with Solution‐Based Semiconductor Processing | The unique benefit of solution‐based fabrication of solid‐state p‐n junctions is demonstrated for radiation detection. In particular, an in situ inorganic semiconductor synthesis and film deposition facilitates a novel neutron detector configuration consisting of a host inorganic semiconductor matrix impregnated with a guest neutron sensitizing material. Spectroscopic investigations of the structural order of the top detector active layer indicate that it consists of interpenetrating networks of the host semiconductor nanocrystals and sensitizing guest material that self‐assemble during film formation. The host semiconductor network exhibits a good charge transport as evidenced by steady‐state photoconductivity measurements. The detectors developed indicate high sensitivity to ionizing radiation and a demonstrated ability to detecting thermal neutrons. | 2,012 | 4 | null | [
{
"authorId": "46544550",
"name": "Huiqiong Zhou"
},
{
"authorId": "8556906",
"name": "Nelson E. Coates"
},
{
"authorId": "1398216408",
"name": "G. Hernández-Sosa"
},
{
"authorId": "144341817",
"name": "D. Moses"
}
] | null | null | 366 |
|
02999ba9748b7a3d6b2f4328fbb797cc547a04ea | {
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"url": "https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02999ba9748b7a3d6b2f4328fbb797cc547a04ea | Modification of Ceramic Membranes by Silica Nanoparticles with Thiourea Functions | Sol-gel approach based on hydrolytic copolycondensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) with ethylthiocarbamidepropyl triethoxysilane (ETUS) was used to deposit functional layers with thiourea functions on the surface of macroporous ceramic alumina membrane supports. According to SEM images, such layers are composed of nanoparticles of about 60-70 nm in diameter, while IR spectroscopy data confirmed the presence of functional groups introduced during the synthesis. Such functionalization technique allows combining sorption and membrane technology and could be successfully used to remove trace quantities of copper, cadmium, and silver metal ions from aqueous solutions. | Journal of nanomaterials | 2,019 | 5 | {
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2019/2534934.pdf"
} | [
{
"authorId": "9480441",
"name": "V. Tomina"
},
{
"authorId": "11816549",
"name": "G. І. Nazarchuk"
},
{
"authorId": "30929356",
"name": "I. Melnyk"
}
] | http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2019/2534934.pdf | downloads.hindawi.com | 367 |
029bc3b79b6ce893d907a88d468b4eb1a1e6878e | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/029bc3b79b6ce893d907a88d468b4eb1a1e6878e | RNA Synthesis Initiates In Vitro Conversion of M 113 DNA to Its Replicativ ( OX 174 DNA / DNA initiation / DNA replication / rifampicin ) ' | Soluble enzyme fractions fromn uninfected Escherichia coli convert M13 and qXX174 viral single strands to their double-stranded replicative formrs. Ri. fampicin, an inhibitor of RNA polymerase, blocks conver. sion of M13 single strands to the replicative forms in vivo and in v~itro. However, rifampicin does not block synthesis of the replicative forms of q5XI74 either in vivo or in soluble extracts. The replicative form of M13 synthesized in vitro consists of a full-length, linear, complementary strand annealed to a viral strand. The conversion of single strands of M13 to the replicative form proceeds in two separate stages. The first stage requires 'enzymes, ribonucleoside triphosphates, and single-stranded DNA; the reaction is inhibited by rifampicin. The macromolecular product separated at this stage supports DNA synthesis with deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates and a fresh addition of enzymes; ribonucleoside triphosphates are not required in this second stage nor does rifampicin inhibit the reaction. We presume that in the first stage there is synthesis of a short RNA chain, which then primes the synthesis of a replicative form by a DNA polymerase. RNA polymerase (2), unlike the known DNA polymerases (3, 4, and Kornberg, T. and Gefter, MI., personal communication), can initiate as well as extend polytnucleotide chains. It was this property of RNA polymerase that led us to inquire whether RNA polymerase might initiate the synthesis of a newr DNA chain. Wre found (1) that the conversion of the single-stranded DNA circle (SS) of M13 phage into a doublestranded circle (replicative form, RF) in Escherichia coli was prevented by'rifampicin, a specific inhibitor of RNA polymerase (5). Inasmuch as this effect on RNA polymerase was not related to protein synthesis, a role for RNA polymerase in synthesizing a primer for initiating a DNA chain seemed likely. We now report the conversion of Ml13 SS to RF with soluble enzymes extracted from E. coli and show with this system that a stage of RNA synthesis must precede DNA replication. Although chemical characterization of the synthetic product is incomplete, our results strengthen the suggestion (1) that RNA polymerase serves an essential role in priming DNA synthesis. RNA polymerase may have a similar role in other instances of replication in which a transcriptional event has been implicated. Examlples are phage X (6), E. coli (7), colicinogenic factor (Col El) (8), and Ml13 RF (1). Silverstein and Billen (9); D. S. Ray, and L. McFadden and D. Denhardt (personal communications) have found that Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 69, No. 4, pp. 965-969, April 1972 RNA Synthesis Initiates In Vitro Conversion of M113 DNA to Its Replicativ (OX174 DNA/DNA initiation/DNA replication/rifampicin)' WILLIAM WICKNER, DOUGLAS BRUTLAG, RANDY SCHEKMAN, AND ARTHUR KORNBERG Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 Contributed by Arthur Kornwberg, February 7, 1972 e Form conversion of OX174 SS to RF in E. coli is not inhibited by rifampicin. Their results indicate that RNA polymerase is not involved in formation of OX174 parental RF. Our enzyme studies show that there are distinctive mechanisms for conversion of the viral strands ofM13 and q6X174 to RF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials were from sources described previously (1). Rifampicin (Rifampin, Calbiochem) was used as before (1). [a-32P]dTTP was the generous gift of Dr. Robert H. Symons. M13 and OX174 phage were labeled with ['H]thymidine by the method of Forsheit and Ray (10) and Francke and Ray (11), respectively. SS were extracted by a minor modification of the method of Ray (12). Growth of Cells. E. coli H560 (F+, PolAl1 , Endo I-) (13) was grown in Hershey broth at 37° with rotary shaking to 2 X 108 cells/ml and then chilled. The cells were collected and resuspended in 50 mM Tris HCl (pH 7.5)-10% sucrose at 5-8 X 1010 cells/ml and frozen in liquid nitrogen. No loss of activity (conversion of SS to RF) was seen in lysates after the cells were stored for up to 1 month. Cell Extract. Frozen cells (1 ml) were removed from liquid nitrogen, placed on ice for 20 min. then thawed in a 20° bath and immediately placed at 0°. Lysozyme (0.1 ml of 2 mg/ml in 0.25 M Tris HCl, pH 7.5) and 25 ,ul of 4 M NaCl were added. After 45 min, the cells were warmed to 37° for 1 min, then chilled to 0°. The lysate was centrifuged for 15 min at 50,000 X g. The clear amber supernatant was made 10mM in MgCl2 (by addition 10 ,ul of a 1 M solution) and stored at -200 (fraction A). Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation^. 1 ml of fraction A was poured through a 0.6 X 1 cm DEAE cellulose column (DE52, H.' Reeve Angel Inc., Clifton, N.J.) equilibrated with buffer A (50 mM Tris HC1, pH 7.5, 10 mM MeCl2. lO% sucrose, 0.1 M NaCl). Saturated ammonium sulfate (3 ml, neutralized with Tris base) was added at 0° to I ml of the material that had been treated with DEAE cellulose. After 30 min, the precipitate was collected and redissolved in 1 ml of buffer A. After dialysis near 0° for 4 hr against four 100Sml volumes of buffer A, the solution (fraction B) was stored at -200. Assay of Convrersionz of SS to RF. The triphosphate mixture contained the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, each at 150 ,uM, and ATP at 6 mM. In some experiments, dTTP or dGTP was labeled in the a position with 32P at a specific activrity. of 1 Ci/mmol. The four ribonucleoside triphosphates (1 mM each) were added to the mixture in some experiments. Abbreviations: SS, (phage) single-stranded circular DNA; RF, (phage) double-stranded circular replicative form of DNA; RF I, (phage) covalently closed RF; RF II, (phage) RF with a discontinuity in at least one strand. | 2,007 | 1 | null | [
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "A. Kornberg"
}
] | null | null | 368 |
|
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/029c3081e1233fcb8615d1268770c9da470299be | Mechanical properties and Citotoxicity of α-Tricalcium Phosphates Cements synthesized by Solution Combustion Synthesis | Bioceramics based on calcium phosphates, especially hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphates (TCP) are the most used biomaterials as bone substitutes. The objective of this work is to evaluate the mechanical properties of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) synthesized by the solution combustion method. The solution combustion synthesis (SCS) can be considered as faster and simpler as other methods, furthermore it allows the obtainment of high purity α-TCP. In the calcium phosphates (CPC), α-TCP reacts with water forming needle like HA, which restrain the movement of grains, increasing mechanical resistance. In the present paper the influence of particle size on mechanical properties of α-TCP cements were evaluated. The α-TCP powder were characterized by XRD, BET and laser diffraction to asses particle size while the CPC bodies by SEM, Archimedes method and compression tests. Increasing the milling time from 30 to 180 minutes, the particle size decreases, resulting in samples with less porosity and consequently with higher compression resistance. The best results were found for the milling time of 180 minutes. Compressives strength of up to 30.4 MPa were obtained for this formulation. The citotoxicity analysis showed that the obtained powder has no citotoxic effect on the studied cells. | 2,011 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2077252315",
"name": "T. Volkmer"
},
{
"authorId": "12155825",
"name": "O. Bareiro"
},
{
"authorId": "14797305",
"name": "V. Sousa"
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{
"authorId": "2111820461",
"name": "L. A. Santos"
}
] | null | null | 369 |
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02a904f836044f7330b01a2400c84963585f58b8 | Synthesis, characterisation and speciation studies of heterobimetallic pyridinehydroxamate-bridged Pt(II)/M(II) complexes (M = Cu, Ni, Zn). Crystal structure of a novel heterobimetallic 3-pyridinehydroxamate-bridged Pt(II)/Cu(II) wave-like coordination polymer. | The reaction of cis-[Pt(NH3)2(3-pyhaH)2]2+ (3-pyhaH = 3-pyridinehydroxamic acid) and cis-[Pt(NH3)2(4-pyhaH)2]2+ (4-pyhaH = 4-pyridinehydroxamic acid) with Cu(II), Ni(II) or Zn(II) in aqueous solution affords novel heterobimetallic pyridinehydroxamate-bridged complexes, {cis-[Pt(NH3)2(mu-3-pyha)M(mu-3-pyha)].SO4.xH2O}n and {cis-[Pt(NH3)2(mu-4-pyha)M(mu-4-pyha)].SO4.xH2O}n respectively. The crystal and molecular structure of one of these, {cis-[Pt(NH3)2(mu-3-pyha)Cu(mu-3-pyha)]SO4.8H2O}n 3a, has been determined and was found to be a novel heterobimetallic wave-like coordination polymer, the structure of which contains interlinked pyridinehydroxamate-bridged repeating units of Pt(II) and Cu(II) ions in slightly distorted square-planar N4 and O4 coordination environments respectively and extensive hydrogen-bonding through the Pt ammines and the deprotonated hydroxamate O and via the O of the SO4(2-) counterions and the H(N) of the hydroxamate moiety. Spectrophotometric and speciation studies on the other heterobimetallic systems confirm that very similar species are being formed in solution and based on elemental analysis and spectroscopic results analogous complexes are formed in the solid-state. In this paper, we report the first examples of coordination polymers incorporating both Pt(II)/Cu(II), Pt(II)/Ni(II) and Pt(II)/Zn(II) and containing pyridinehydroxamic acids as bridging scaffolds. | Dalton Transactions | 2,005 | 20 | null | [
{
"authorId": "13301055",
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"authorId": "7157088",
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"authorId": "40482533",
"name": "D. Griffith"
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02aa0174140b6d90553c30fc24fca73106466492 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02aa0174140b6d90553c30fc24fca73106466492 | Structure-based design, parallel synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and molecular modeling studies of thiocarbamates, new potent non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor isosteres of phenethylthiazolylthiourea derivatives. | In this paper we describe our structure-based ligand design, synthetic strategy, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies that led to the identification of thiocarbamates (TCs), a novel class of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), isosteres of phenethylthiazolylthiourea (PETT) derivatives. Assuming as a lead compound O-[2-(phthalimido)ethyl]phenylthiocarbamate 12, one of the precursors of the previously described acylthiocarbamates (Ranise, A.; et al. J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 768-781), two targeted solution-phase TC libraries were prepared by parallel synthesis. The lead optimization strategy led to para-substituted TCs 31, 33, 34, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, and 50, which were active against wild-type HIV-1 in MT-4-based assays at nanomolar concentrations (EC50 range: 0.04-0.01 microM). The most potent congener 50 (EC50 = 0.01 microM) bears a methyl group at position 4 of the phthalimide moiety and a nitro group at the para position of the N-phenyl ring. Most of the TCs showed good selectivity indices, since no cytotoxic effect was detected at concentrations as high as 100 microM. TCs 31, 37, 39, 40, and 44 significantly reduced the multiplication of the Y181C mutant, but they were inactive against K103R and K103N + Y181C mutants. Nevertheless, the fold increase in resistance of 41 was not greater than that of efavirenz against the K103R mutant in enzyme assays. The docking model predictions were consistent with in vitro biological assays of the anti-HIV-1 activity of the TCs and related compounds synthesized. | Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | 2,005 | 41 | null | [
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"name": "P. la Colla"
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{
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] | null | null | 371 |
02aa45f0c494f6a18168a652b53ceffb1db119a3 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02aa45f0c494f6a18168a652b53ceffb1db119a3 | Synthesis of amphiphilic cationic copolymers poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride‐co‐stearyl methacrylate] and their self‐assembly behavior in water and water‐ethanol mixtures | A series of amphiphilic cationic random copolymers, namely poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride-co-stearyl methacrylate] or poly(MADQUAT-co-SMA), have been synthesized via conventional free-radical copolymerization using 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator and n-dodecanethiol as chain transfer agent. The resultant products were then characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, MALDI-TOF MS measurements. From the number-average molecular weights of the copolymers, we can conclude that these copolymers have oligomeric structure with a limited number of hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in a short polymer chain. The reactivity ratios (rMADQUAT = 0.83, rSMA = 0.25) between the hydrophilic MADQUAT monomer and the hydrophobic SMA monomer were calculated by the Finemann and Ross method, which was based on the results of 1H NMR analysis. The surface activity of the random copolymers was studied by the combination of surface tension and contact angle measurement, and the results indicated that these copolymers possess relatively high surface activity. The critical aggregation concentrations (cac) of the copolymers in aqueous solution were determined by fluorescence probe method as well as surface tension measurement. The different nanoparticles of poly(MADQUAT-co-SMA) copolymers formed in pure water or ethanol-water mixture were proved by the particle size and size distribution in the measurement of dynamic light scattering (DLS). Furthermore, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we could observe various self-assembly morphologies of these random copolymer. All these results show that the amphiphilic cationic random copolymers have a good self-assembly behavior, even if they are ill-defined copolymers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 4670–4684, 2009 | 2,009 | 24 | null | [
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{
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{
"authorId": "8516325",
"name": "Jinlin He"
},
{
"authorId": "39875522",
"name": "P. Ni"
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] | null | null | 372 |
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02b36108b8036a5f9e3000e6cb538690040eb629 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02b36108b8036a5f9e3000e6cb538690040eb629 | Synthesis of Oppositely Charged Block Copolymers of Poly(ethylene glycol) via Reversible Addition−Fragmentation Chain Transfer Radical Polymerization and Characterization of Their Polyion Complex Micelles in Water | Diblock copolymers consisting of a water-soluble nonionic block and either an anionic or cationic block were prepared from sodium 2-(acrylamido)-2-methylpropanesulfonate (AMPS) or (3-(methacryloylamino)propyl)trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) via reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-controlled radical polymerization using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based chain transfer agent (PEG-CTA) in water. The RAFT polymerization proceeded in a living fashion, as suggested by the observation that the number-average molecular weight (Mn) increased linearly with the monomer conversion (up to conversions of 30% for MAPTAC and 50% for AMPS), whereas the polydispersity (Mw/Mn) remained nearly constant (Mw/Mn < 1.05 for MAPTAC and <1.2 for AMPS) independent of the conversion. The mixing of aqueous solutions of the oppositely charged diblock copolymers, PEG-b-PAMPS and PEG-b-PMAPTAC, led to the spontaneous formation of polyion complex (PIC) micelles. The PIC micelles were characterized by 1H NMR spin−s... | 2,009 | 62 | null | [
{
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},
{
"authorId": "11639993",
"name": "Yuuichi Yokoyama"
},
{
"authorId": "35040500",
"name": "Y. Morishima"
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] | null | null | 373 |
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02b3e5faaba1a72c8303b3724963dfe401ad57a5 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02b3e5faaba1a72c8303b3724963dfe401ad57a5 | A New Synthesis Approach for Carbon Nitrides: Poly(triazine imide) and Its Photocatalytic Properties | Poly(triazine imide) (PTI) is a material belonging to the group of carbon nitrides and has shown to have competitive properties compared to melon or g-C3N4, especially in photocatalysis. As most of the carbon nitrides, PTI is usually synthesized by thermal or hydrothermal approaches. We present and discuss an alternative synthesis for PTI which exhibits a pH-dependent solubility in aqueous solutions. This synthesis is based on the formation of radicals during electrolysis of an aqueous melamine solution, coupling of resulting melamine radicals and the final formation of PTI. We applied different characterization techniques to identify PTI as the product of this reaction and report the first liquid state NMR experiments on a triazine-based carbon nitride. We show that PTI has a relatively high specific surface area and a pH-dependent adsorption of charged molecules. This tunable adsorption has a significant influence on the photocatalytic properties of PTI, which we investigated in dye degradation experiments. | ACS Omega | 2,018 | 32 | null | [
{
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{
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{
"authorId": "46803678",
"name": "A. Stierle"
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{
"authorId": "6373413",
"name": "C. Klinke"
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] | null | null | 374 |
02b99c1e0d548d4a010837bffd78c6909ecf9dcf | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02b99c1e0d548d4a010837bffd78c6909ecf9dcf | Ba2GdF7 Nanocrystals: Solution-Based Synthesis, Growth Mechanism, and Luminescence Properties | Pseudo-octahedrons of Ba2GdF7 were successfully synthesized through a solution-based method in a hydrothermal environment for the first time. The preferential adsorption of ethylene glycol (EG) molecules on the {111} planes contributed to the formation of the octahedral shape. Hydrazine was employed as the alkaline source to adjust the adsorption affinity of EG and the hydrolysis rate of NaBF4 (fluorine supply), thereby controlling the morphology and phase structure. A series of contrast experiments were conducted to investigate the growth mechanism of the Ba2GdF7 nanocrystals. As a proof-of-concept experiment, Eu3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, and Yb3+/Er3+ ions were doped to demonstrate the potential of the Ba2GdF7 crystals as host material for phosphors. | 2,014 | 21 | null | [
{
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"name": "Qi Zhao"
},
{
"authorId": "9949263",
"name": "B. Shao"
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{
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{
"authorId": "2112461",
"name": "Mengmeng Jiao"
},
{
"authorId": "145228927",
"name": "Hongpeng You"
}
] | null | null | 375 |
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02bc850bdfaf85c26243c19f43f59a4405380fa5 | Flexible CuS nanotubes–ITO film Schottky junction solar cells with enhanced light harvesting by using an Ag mirror | Here we report the fabrication of a novel photovoltaic device based on CuS nanotubes (CuSNTs) and indium tin oxide (ITO) Schottky junctions. Large-quantity synthesis of CuSNTs was accomplished via a solution-based sacrificial template method under moderate conditions, while ITO Schottky contacts were fabricated via micro-fabrication and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Upon light illumination, CuSNTs–ITO Schottky junctions exhibited pronounced photovoltaic behavior, giving rise to a power conversion efficiency of 1.17% on a conventional SiO2/Si substrate. Furthermore, by utilizing PET as the substrate, transparent and flexible CuSNTs–ITO solar cells were constructed and showed performance close to their device counterparts on a rigid substrate. Notably, it was found that the flexible devices were robust against tensile strain and could stand a bending angle up to ∼95°. To enhance the light absorption of the devices, an Ag mirror layer was deposited on the rear side of the PET substrate so as to allow multiple reflection and absorption of the incident light. As a result, the flexible devices showed a substantial performance improvement, yielding an efficiency of ∼2%. Our results demonstrate that low-cost and environmentally friendly CuSNTs–ITO solar cells are promising candidates for new-generation photovoltaic devices. | Nanotechnology | 2,013 | 19 | null | [
{
"authorId": "51176682",
"name": "Chunyan Wu"
},
{
"authorId": "1700344623",
"name": "Zihan Zhang"
},
{
"authorId": "2115562140",
"name": "Yiliang Wu"
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"authorId": "50496206",
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"authorId": "46630922",
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{
"authorId": "6365693",
"name": "Jigang Hu"
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{
"authorId": "153137671",
"name": "J. Jie"
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] | null | null | 376 |
02be16941b57ce48d873ffb07eb0a5b1efe2f263 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02be16941b57ce48d873ffb07eb0a5b1efe2f263 | Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials Using Biological Routes | Solution-based chemical synthesis of nanomaterials has a long history and has dominated the nanosphere with established protocols for synthesizing particles with excellent control over shape, size, and properties. With the development of chemical methods, the concern for a negative impact on the environment is also heightened. This has led scientists to develop "green" environment friendly routes for nanomaterials synthesis. Interestingly, nature has evolved numerous strategies for fabricating materials at the nanoscale through elegant and artistic ways that show high level of hierarchical ordering. One of such strategies evolved in nature is the important role of microbes in bioremediation. Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants are known for their inherent ability to withstand high concentrations of toxic metal ions through specific resistance mechanisms and therefore these are commonly employed toward remediation of different metal ions. Conversely relatively few organisms are known to produce nanomaterials in their natural habitats with examples including accumulation of gold in algal and bacterial cells, magnetite in magnetotactic bacteria, ZnS in sulfate reducing bacteria, etc. Although, these biological organisms are known for withstanding high concentrations of metal ions, the possibility of deliberately exploring these microbes as "nano-factories" (similar to the commercially applied fermentation technology that is now used for large-scale synthesis of enzymes, drugs, etc.) for nanomaterials synthesis is a recent phenomenon. A great deal of work has been performed in this emerging area of bionanotechnology with organisms like bacteria, fungi, and plants being regularly employed for the synthesis of a wide variety of nanomaterials ranging from metals and metal oxides to metal sulfides. This chapter will provide readers with information on some of the work encompassing this new "green" technological route on nanomaterials synthesis. | 2,014 | 2 | null | [
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"name": "S. Bhargava"
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{
"authorId": "46528591",
"name": "V. Bansal"
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] | null | null | 377 |
|
02c1e965f4b8e7f644f4d7ceb573f0c5a6dada71 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02c1e965f4b8e7f644f4d7ceb573f0c5a6dada71 | Fast synthesis of Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheets at ambient condition | A new, fast and low cost method to produce Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheets is reported for the first time in this paper. Zinc foil specimens were immersed into CuSO4 aqueous solutions with various concentrations for 3 seconds and then dried at ambient condition. The immersed specimens were characterized with a scanning electron microscope, an X‐ray diffractometer and a transmission electron microscope. The results show that Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheets with a multilayer structure on a cupper layer are formed. Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheets show hexagonal crystalline structure and comprises polycrystalline grains with diameters of 5∼10 nm. A physical modal is suggested to explain the prepared Cu‐doped ZnO nanosheet structure, based on the chemical reactions and a metallurgical cell. | 2,013 | 4 | null | [
{
"authorId": "46584820",
"name": "J. Wang"
},
{
"authorId": "114650763",
"name": "C. Xu"
},
{
"authorId": "48080037",
"name": "Y. You"
},
{
"authorId": "115629571",
"name": "Z. Si"
},
{
"authorId": "2108800512",
"name": "D. L. Li"
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{
"authorId": "88051069",
"name": "S. Shi"
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] | null | null | 378 |
|
02c53c2029dc883bc66d8cd9b10d56c03ff7b2bb | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02c53c2029dc883bc66d8cd9b10d56c03ff7b2bb | Increasing yeast secretion of heterologous proteins by regulating expression rates and post‐secretory loss | Heterologous protein secretion involves the coupled processes of protein synthesis, protein folding, and secretory trafficking. A more complete understanding of how these processes interrelate could help direct optimization of secretion systems. Here we provide a detailed study regarding the dynamics of heterologous protein secretion from yeast in terms of intracellular protein levels, secreted protein levels, and unfolded protein response (UPR). Three different protein expression induction temperatures (20, 30, and 37°C) were investigated as a means to modulate expression rates and thus cellular responses. Inducing at 20°C yielded the slowest initial secretion rate, but the highest absolute level of product. Correspondingly, the level and the rate of both intracellular protein accumulation and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation were also the lowest at 20°C. In addition, secretion ceased after approximately 22 h at 30 and 37°C, respectively, while it was continuous until nutrient depletion at 20°C. Maxima in secretion levels were observed that were a result of the additive effects of secretion cessation and post‐secretory protein loss. The post‐secretory loss of protein did not appear to result from solution phase proteolysis or aggregation, but required the presence of yeast cells. Refeeding of both yeast nitrogen base and casamino acids successfully prevented the post‐secretory loss of protein at both high (37°C) and low (20°C) temperatures, and further increased secretion levels 1.5‐fold at 20°C where the secretory pathway was still functioning. Taken together, these findings suggest that there exists an appropriate balance between protein synthesis, processing and secretion rates required for secretion optimization. Biotechnol. Bioeng. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. | Biotechnology and Bioengineering | 2,008 | 34 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2362561",
"name": "Dagang Huang"
},
{
"authorId": "2207117767",
"name": "Patrick R. Gore"
},
{
"authorId": "3855976",
"name": "E. Shusta"
}
] | null | null | 379 |
02c5df4a4d562c3f3a95d43f6c46ced8288fda3a | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02c5df4a4d562c3f3a95d43f6c46ced8288fda3a | Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Cross-Linked Fluid Loss Agent for Oil Base Drilling Fluid | In this paper,a fluid loss agent SDFL for OBM is synthesized by amidation reaction of humic acid,which isoptimized by characteristic constants E4/E6,and aliphatic amine is used as the cross linking agent.The chemical structureof SDFL is confirmed by FTIR,which some carboxyl groups are displaced by aliphatic amine.The experimental resultsindicate that SDFL is suitable for white oil and synthesized oil base drilling fluid systems,which the performances are hightemperature resistance up to 200℃,anti-contamination with 24% cuttings and 20% CaCl2 solution,and decreasing HTHPfluid loss by more than 85%.Also the effect to rheology of OBM is slight and fluid loss control ability is not only better thandomestic products but equal to foreign products. | 2,012 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2052847236",
"name": "Cao Jie"
}
] | null | null | 380 |
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02cadca618b53a773fba127e9a8585df17f8b799 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02cadca618b53a773fba127e9a8585df17f8b799 | Synthesis and characterisation of precipitated CuO · SiO2 oxide composites | Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a new method of synthesis of CuO · SiO2 oxide composite based on the reaction of precipitation from water solutions of sodium silicate and copper nitrate.Design/methodology/approach – Solutions of sodium silicate and copper nitrate were used as substrates. The effects of direction of substrate supply, concentration, excess of reagents and temperature of precipitation on the physicochemical properties of the products were analysed.Findings – A new method of synthesis of CuO · SiO2 oxide composite based on a precipitation reaction is proposed.Research limitations/implications – Only sodium silicate and copper nitrate solutions were used.Practical implications – The CuO · SiO2 oxide composite obtained can be used as blue pigment or polymer filler.Originality/value – The paper determines optimum conditions of CuO · SiO2 oxide composite precipitation to obtain products with desired physicochemical, dispersive and structural properties. | 2,012 | 7 | null | [
{
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"name": "A. Modrzejewska-Sikorska"
},
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"authorId": "11352223",
"name": "Filip Ciesielczyk"
},
{
"authorId": "5085796",
"name": "T. Jesionowski"
}
] | null | null | 381 |
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02cb3258178b1ff6523327c635540e1f582e6b9d | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02cb3258178b1ff6523327c635540e1f582e6b9d | A comprehensive study of extended tetrathiafulvalene cruciform molecules for molecular electronics: synthesis and electrical transport measurements. | Cruciform-like molecules with two orthogonally placed π-conjugated systems have in recent years attracted significant interest for their potential use as molecular wires in molecular electronics. Here we present synthetic protocols for a large selection of cruciform molecules based on oligo(phenyleneethynylene) (OPE) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) scaffolds, end-capped with acetyl-protected thiolates as electrode anchoring groups. The molecules were subjected to a comprehensive study of their conducting properties as well as their photophysical and electrochemical properties in solution. The complex nature of the molecules and their possible binding in different configurations in junctions called for different techniques of conductance measurements: (1) conducting-probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) measurements on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), (2) mechanically controlled break-junction (MCBJ) measurements, and (3) scanning tunneling microscopy break-junction (STM-BJ) measurements. The CP-AFM measurements showed structure-property relationships from SAMs of series of OPE3 and OPE5 cruciform molecules; the conductance of the SAM increased with the number of dithiafulvene (DTF) units (0, 1, 2) along the wire, and it increased when substituting two arylethynyl end groups of the OPE3 backbone with two DTF units. The MCBJ and STM-BJ studies on single molecules both showed that DTFs decreased the junction formation probability, but, in contrast, no significant influence on the single-molecule conductance was observed. We suggest that the origins of the difference between SAM and single-molecule measurements lie in the nature of the molecule-electrode interface as well as in effects arising from molecular packing in the SAMs. This comprehensive study shows that for complex molecules care should be taken when directly comparing single-molecule measurements and measurements of SAMs and solid-state devices thereof. | Journal of the American Chemical Society | 2,014 | 50 | {
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"name": "Zhongming Wei"
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"name": "Karsten Jennum"
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"name": "E. D. Della Pia"
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"authorId": "2149198677",
"name": "Tao Li"
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"authorId": "2186061451",
"name": "María Teresa González"
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"name": "Xingbin Jiang"
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"name": "Thorbjørn J Morsing"
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"name": "G. Rubio‐Bollinger"
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"name": "B. Laursen"
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"name": "K. Nørgaard"
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"name": "H. S. van der Zant"
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"name": "N. Agrait"
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"authorId": "38669813",
"name": "M. Nielsen"
}
] | https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1623939/1/Parker_A%20Comprehensive%20Study_2014.pdf | iris.uniroma1.it | 382 |
02d5a84ce271e279089f39cc848aa602ffb822a7 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02d5a84ce271e279089f39cc848aa602ffb822a7 | Crystal structure of {5,5′-dihydroxy-2,2′-[o-phenylene-bis(nitrilo-methylidyne)] diphenolato}cobalt(II) — methanol (1:2), Co(C20H14N2O4) · 2CH3OH | C22H22CoN2O6, triclinic, P1 (no. 2), a = 8.048(1) Å, b = 10.964(2) Å, c = 11.689(3) Å, = 91.835(1)°, = 94.565(2)°, = 94.338(1)°, V = 1024.5 Å, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.036, wRref(F) = 0.100, T = 293 K. Source of material The reaction was carried out at room temperature. The Schiff base ligand was synthesized according to modified reported method [1]. A mixture of cobalt(II) acetate (0.249 g, 1 mmol) and 4,4'((1E,1'E)-(1,2-phenylenebis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(benzene-1,3-diol) (0.348 g, 1 mmol) was added to 30 ml methanol solvent. The resulting yellow solution was filtered. The filtrate was placed for sevaral days yielding yellow block-shaped crystals (yield 76 % based on cobalt). Elemental analysis — found: C, 56.51 %; H, 4.49 %; N, 5.73 %; calculated for C22H22CoN2O6: C, 56.30 %; H, 4.72 %; N, 5.97 %. Discussion The synthesis and structural investigation of Schiff base complexes have attracted much attention due to their interesting structures and wide potential applications. They play an important role in the development of coordination chemistry as well as inorganic biochemistry, catalysis and optical materials [2-5]. The asymmetric unit of the title crystal structure is build of Co(C20H14N2O4) complex and two methanol solvent molecules. The Co(II) atom exhibits a four-coordinated square-planar geometry with two N atoms [d(Co—N) = 1.908(2), 1.931(2) Å] and two O atoms [d(Co—O) = 1.867(2), 1.893(2) Å]. Moreover, there exist typical O–H···O hydrogen bonding interaction [d(H···O) < 2.6 Å] between the title complex and two solvent methanol molecules, which consolidate the crystal packing. Z. Kristallogr. NCS 225 (2010) 149-150 / DOI 10.1524/ncrs.2010.0064 149 © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München Crystal: yellow block, size 0.23 × 0.28 × 0.32 mm Wavelength: Mo K radiation (0.71073 Å) : 8.81 cm−1 Diffractometer, scan mode: Bruker SMART Apex, / 2 max: 50.02° N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique: 5329, 3562 Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt: Iobs > 2 (Iobs), 2867 N(param)refined: 285 Programs: SHELXS-97 [6], SHELXL-97 [7] Table 1. Data collection and handling. H(2) 2i 0.4993 1.4150 0.2133 0.090 H(4) 2i 1.2480 0.7961 0.5563 0.124 H(5) 2i 0.6440 1.3993 0.3922 0.133 H(6) 2i 0.61 0.8124 1.0580 0.3327 0.187 H(6’) 2i 0.39 0.7636 1.0615 0.3120 0.187 H(3) 2i 1.0312 0.6184 −0.1491 0.063 H(4A) 2i 0.9626 0.6170 −0.3440 0.079 H(5A) 2i 0.8101 0.7668 −0.4214 0.090 H(6A) 2i 0.7192 0.9179 −0.3064 0.076 H(7) 2i 0.6339 1.0307 −0.1866 0.050 H(10) 2i 0.6429 1.2437 0.2200 0.051 H(12) 2i 0.4019 1.3622 −0.0627 0.059 H(13) 2i 0.4852 1.2018 −0.1653 0.055 H(14) 2i 1.0785 0.6427 0.0250 0.051 H(17) 2i 1.0743 0.8764 0.4210 0.062 H(19) 2i 1.3279 0.5813 0.3697 0.068 H(20) 2i 1.2246 0.5696 0.1830 0.061 H(21A) 2i 0.7021 1.6056 0.4418 0.177 H(21B) 2i 0.7138 1.6096 0.3087 0.177 H(21C) 2i 0.8346 1.5325 0.3834 0.177 H(22A) 2i 0.6637 0.9554 0.4851 0.145 H(22B) 2i 0.7434 0.8898 0.3842 0.145 H(22C) 2i 0.5590 0.9269 0.3671 0.145 Table 2. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in Å). Atom Site Occ. x y z Uiso | 2,010 | 0 | {
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"authorId": "2110644902",
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] | https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1524/ncrs.2010.0064/pdf | www.degruyter.com | 383 |
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02d64676f7f81c948a03fd732d6aba30b38cc4f4 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02d64676f7f81c948a03fd732d6aba30b38cc4f4 | Magnetic Driven Alginate Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery | The explosive growth of nanotechnology in the last years has produced dramatic innovations in pharmacology, and it is revolutionizing the delivery of biologically active compounds. The main contribution of today’s nanotechnology in pharmacology is that it allows real progresses to achieve temporal and spatial site-specific delivery [1]. Magnetic materials have been proposed for biomedical purposes to a large extent for several years. This has led to various results such as improving the quality of magnetic resonance imaging, hyperthermic treatment for malignant cells, site-specific drug delivery and manipulation of cell membranes [2]. This paper describes the realization, characterization and in vitro testing of alginate nanoparticles, embedded with magnetite, which respond to externally applied magnetic fields. Magnetite powder was obtained as described in literature [3]. Briefly the synthesis is based on reacting iron(II) and iron(III) ions in an aqueous ammonia solution to form magnetite. Magnetite is then isolated from the reaction suspension and completely dissolved in an alginate solution. Alginate magnetic nanoparticles were realized by a homogenization process and reticulation with calcium ions [4]. Such nanoparticles are characterized in terms of external morphology (FIB imaging), microstructure (TEM imaging: as showed by Fig. 1a), size distribution, zeta potential, magnetic properties (SQUID analysis) and drug release behaviour. Magnetization curves show the typical trend of superparamagnetic materials. Important parameters, such as magnetic permeability and magnetic momentum, are derived by employing Langevin theory. Experimental results reveal that a biexponential model [5] fully describes the drug release. Finally, in vitro experiments on NIH/3T3 cells are carried out and demonstrate that our magnetic alginate nanoparticles can effectively drive the drug delivery towards an external magnetic field source. Driven drug delivery experiments were carried out by using a low-flow bi-compartmental bioreactor (Fig. 1b). This 2-chambers parallel bioreactor is composed by two cell culture chambers interconnected in parallel configuration and integrated in a polydimethilsiloxane block. The closed loop fluidic system is composed by the bioreactor and a growth medium tank, both connected to a peristaltic micropump through fluidic connectors. The whole system is inserted in an incubator for cell cultures. Culture medium was modified with 50 μg/ml of magnetic alginate nanoparticles loaded with fluorescein sodium salt. Under one chamber of the bioreactor, a permanent magnet was posed, in order to address selectively the nanoparticles only to one compartment, and thus to verify the possibility to “guide” the drug delivery to different sites with the help of an external magnetic field. After 3 h of incubation under dynamic conditions, the glasses into the two chambers were observed with a fluorescent microscope. | 2,008 | 26 | null | [
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"name": "Yosuke Obata"
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"name": "P. Dario"
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02db0c1a6fe1af81d2042878b94e2839541a032c | Flexible TiO2/PVDF/g-C3N4 Nanocomposite with Excellent Light Photocatalytic Performance | As the world faces water shortage and pollution crises, the development of novel visible light photocatalysts to purify water resources is urgently needed. Over the past decades, most of the reported photocatalysts have been in powder or granular forms, creating separation and recycling difficulties. To overcome these challenges, a flexible and recyclable heterostructured TiO2/polyvinylidene fluoride/graphitic carbon nitride (TiO2/PVDF/g-C3N4) composite was developed by combining electrospinning, sintering and hydrothermal methods. In the composite, PVDF was used as a support template for removing and separating the photocatalyst from solution. Compared with pure TiO2, the TiO2/PVDF/g-C3N4 composite exhibited the extended light capture range of TiO2 into the visible light region. The photogenerated carriers were efficiently transferred and separated at the contact interface between TiO2 and g-C3N4 under visible light irradiation, which consequently increased the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst. In addition, the flexible composites exhibited excellent self-cleaning properties, and the dye on the photocatalysts was completely degraded by the as-prepared materials. Based on the intrinsic low cost, recyclability, absorption of visible light, facile synthesis, self-cleaning properties and good photocatalytic performances of the composite, the photocatalyst is expected to be used for water treatment. | Polymers | 2,019 | 23 | {
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{
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},
{
"authorId": "1478818645",
"name": "Feng-He Zhao"
},
{
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"name": "Yu-Qian Cui"
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{
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"name": "Li-Xiang Chen"
},
{
"authorId": "11733416",
"name": "Jiayun Yan"
},
{
"authorId": "50141591",
"name": "Xiao‐Xiong Wang"
},
{
"authorId": "116903585",
"name": "Y. Long"
}
] | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/1/55/pdf?version=1577796535 | www.mdpi.com | 385 |
02ddddd88b83c97b6947c6416def013bf2144d1c | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02ddddd88b83c97b6947c6416def013bf2144d1c | Nonlinear Polymeric Architectures via Olefin Metathesis | The research presented in this thesis focuses on application of olefin metathesis to the construction of hyperbranched and cyclic macromolecules. The olefin metathesis reaction is briefly reviewed in Chapter 1, along with its applications in polymer synthesis. A very mild, simple, and modular, olefin metathesis-based hyperbranched polymerization route is presented in Chapter 2. This method utilizes the cross metathesis selectivity of the functional group tolerant N-heterocyclic carbene ruthenium catalyst towards different types of alkenes, and it can be applied to the polymerization of many easily prepared ABn monomers. Moreover, the same method can be used to post-synthetically functionalize such polymers for realization of their substrate carrying potential. Chapter 3 describes one such functionalization example—a pyrene analyte is attached to a metathesis derived hyperbranched polymer. This modification of the polymer provides insight into its solution structure relative to a linear analog. In addition, molecular weight control of the metathesis hyperbranched polymerization is discussed in detail in Chapter 4. The careful choice of the catalysts loading and the use of a multifunctional core are found to be important parameters in preparation of polymers which span a range of molecular weights. Even well-established materials, such as polyethylene, can benefit from olefin metathesis and the unusual polymeric architectures it can efficiently create. For example, a cyclic polymer which lacks end groups, as opposed to having many end groups like a hyperbranched polymer, is expected to possess unique physical properties. The preparation of cyclic and linear polyethylenes and the study of their relative rheological properties are described in Chapter 5. The polymerization methodology outlined in this chapter takes advantage of ring-expansion metathesis polymerization—a facile method for the synthesis of cyclic macromolecules. Some efforts directed at molecular weight control of this cyclic polymerization are also discussed. | 2,009 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "3797157",
"name": "I. Gorodetskaya"
}
] | null | null | 386 |
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02de1694cb7e370779796dbeacc4f02f0205c6c0 | Microwave irradiation synthesis of novel ramose chitosan-based-5-fluorouracil and research on its in vitro release | null | Medicinal Chemistry Research | 2,009 | 12 | null | [
{
"authorId": "46381886",
"name": "He-ping Li"
},
{
"authorId": "21670439",
"name": "Zhou-dong Wang"
},
{
"authorId": "143797168",
"name": "Tao Yu"
}
] | null | null | 387 |
02df21d028030be3f3b640fa7893b7a06be94019 | {
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"url": "https://link.springer.com/journal/10965"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02df21d028030be3f3b640fa7893b7a06be94019 | A facile modification approach for polyacrylonitrile-based UF hollow fiber membrane utilizing polyacrylonitrile-g-poly(vinyl alcohol) graft copolymer | null | Journal of polymer research | 2,014 | 15 | null | [
{
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{
"authorId": "14976763",
"name": "W. Lau"
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"name": "M. Padaki"
},
{
"authorId": "32691815",
"name": "A. Ismail"
}
] | null | null | 388 |
02e05af1bf98f4055c59943d65f4e79cb72784ee | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02e05af1bf98f4055c59943d65f4e79cb72784ee | Undoped tin oxide thin films obtained by the sol gel technique, starting from a simple precursor solution | null | 2,011 | 4 | null | [
{
"authorId": "146557692",
"name": "D. Y. Torres Martínez"
},
{
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"name": "R. Castanedo Pérez"
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{
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"name": "G. Torres Delgado"
},
{
"authorId": "147761138",
"name": "O. Zelaya Ángel"
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] | null | null | 389 |
|
02e8959ab969d6236ce3fea1b7bab27d7308819c | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02e8959ab969d6236ce3fea1b7bab27d7308819c | Benefit of rare-earth-doped optical fibers nanostructuring for next amplifiers and laser generation | Structuring the matter has appeared for several decades as an essential step in the quest for more and more efficient optical devices. Hence, this presentation will focus on the benefit of structuring glasses and fibres at the nanoscale for the achievement of optical amplifiers and laser devices. To this end, two approaches will be presented:
1. The first one relies on the use of the sol-gel polymeric route to prepare nanoporous silica xerogels that can be applied to the preparation of high purity silica glass rods for the achievement of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) cores with conventional and unconventional composition. As an example, results on the synthesis of Erbium and Ytterbium-doped rods and their characterization will be presented. These rods have been used to fabricate PCFs with Er3+ and Yb3+-doped pure silica cores. Effects of this synthesis on the spectroscopic properties of the rare-earth ions will be discussed together with the performances of the doped PCFs employed as amplifiers or laser sources [1]. Recently, we demonstrated that the polymeric Sol-Gel route combined to elaboration of PCF by Stack and Draw can be used to realize efficient ytterbium-doped fiber laser based on pure silica matrix [2]. More precisely, a pure silica ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fiber with a core obtained from the Sol-Gel polymeric technique is studied and more than 73% laser efficiency is achieved for a laser emission around 1034 nm. The dimensions of the ytterbium-doped monolith combined to the uniform doping and refractive index that are achieved make the Sol-Gel polymeric technique particularly interesting for the realization of LMA fibers.
2. The second approach is based on the use of alumina-based nanoparticles synthesized by a soft chemical way, enabling the control of their composition and size before their incorporation within core fiber through a liquid doping technique fully compatible with Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) technology[3]. Nanoparticle integrity over fiber manufacturing process is ensured thanks to a thermal strengthening step involving alumina phase transformation. Resulting erbium-doped fibers showing a standard WDM C-Band shape with a much lower aluminum content have been obtained. They are also characterized by an unprecedented low background attenuation losses and a high erbium doping homogeneity along the fiber length, having a strong impact on process repeatability and fiber manufacturing cost. Such fibers have also shown an increased amplifying medium efficiency compared to conventional doped fibers.
1. H. El Hamzaoui, L. Bigot, G. Bouwmans, I. Razdobreev, M. Bouazaoui and B. Capoen, “From molecular precursors in solution to microstructured optical fiber: a sol-gel polymeric route” , Opt. Mat. Express 1, pp. 234-242 (2011).
2. A. Baz, H. El Hamzaoui, I. Fsaifes, G. Bouwmans, M. Bouazaoui, L. Bigot, “Pure silica Ytterbium-doped Sol-Gel-based fiber laser” , Laser Physics Letters , vol. 10, no 5, pp. 055106-055110 (2013).
3. Boivin, D.; Pastouret, A.; Burov, E.; Gonnet, C.; Cavani, O.; Lempereur, S.; Sillard, P.; “Performance characterization of new erbium doped fibers using MCVD nanoparticle doping process”, Proc. of Spie 2011, 7914, 791423. | 2,015 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "9882251",
"name": "I. Savelii"
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02ea4e64c422124dce4b32f9f28331327f90810e | Fabrication of green device for efficient capture of toxic methylene blue from industrial effluent based on K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2·9H2O nanoparticles reinforced gum xanthan-psyllium hydrogel nanocomposite | In the present work, the synthesis of novel device for the efficient removal of toxic cationic dye methylene blue (MB) from aqueous fluid was carried out. The device was fabricated by in-situ incorporation of K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2·9H2O nanoparticles into gum semi-IPN matrix in the presence of glutaraldehyde-ammonium persulphate as crosslinker–initiator system. The effect of several reaction variables such as time, solvent, temperature, pH, crosslinker, initiator concentration and monomer concentration on the fluid uptake capacity of the candidate sample was explored. The morphological and structural properties were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies. Thermal stability was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis/differential thermogravimetric analysis. Contact time, adsorbent dose and initial concentration of dye solution were optimized for maximum dye removal and it was ... | 2,016 | 19 | null | [
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02ec141304408b1362304d852a5931fbf53f6726 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02ec141304408b1362304d852a5931fbf53f6726 | Biorefinery Design As A Case Study In Chemical Engineering Design | Increasing global demand for improved product and process functionality requires higher quality, lower costs, product customization, conservation of natural resources, reuse and recycling of materials, and meeting new energy and environmental challenges. To respond and stay competitive internationally, from a manufacturing perspective North America must be more innovative and responsive – and currently the biorefinery represents one important potential opportunity to pursue these design objectives. This paper describes (a) an overview of the biorefinery industry context, and (b) how work in the NSERC Design Chair in this area is being used as a case study in courses in the Chemical Engineering undergraduate and graduate programs at Ecole Polytechnique. INTRODUCTION Contrasting approaches have been used to develop the design competency, which depend on many factors including in particular the previous industrial design experience of the instructor highlighting the empirical nature of design. Furthermore, teaching the engineering design competency can involve various methods such as project-based learning and interdisciplinary approaches. The definition and description of design and design processes have been given considerable attention in the literature. Crain et al (1995) describe the TIDEE initiative (Transferable Integrated Design Engineering Education), which was aimed at developing and integrating design education in the first two years of the engineering curriculum. The NSERC Chairs in Design Engineering (2004) also developed a definition of the engineering design competency. Engineering design has been characterized in many ways, including the following: (1) Creative process. Design is supported by knowledge and methods as well as by analysis and synthesis capabilities. (2) Iterative. Designers need to access different sources of information during the design process and this information must be refined by negotiations, clarifications, discussions and evaluations until the information and context are appropriate for the design problem. (3) Interactive and social. Interaction between experienced designers and teamwork are critical for design, regarding in particular the information acquired through case-based and problem-based learning. This reflects to some extent the empirical nature of design. (4) Open-ended. Questions that are posed in design situations typically have no unique answer. Design questions solicit divergent thinking, based on deduction incorporating facts and extending these to the possibilities that can be created from them (Dym et al, 2005). (5) Multidisciplinary. The design competency is considered by some to be similar for different engineering disciplines. One key to improved technology development and innovation lies in cooperation amongst disciplines in order to identify unique designs. At many universities these skills are being incorporated in courses across the engineering undergraduate curriculum. However this emphasis on multidisciplinary synthesis and design coupled with a greater emphasis to deeper inquiry and open-ended problem solving, development of management and communication skills, international exposure and preparation for continuing professional development and career-long learning are all mounting pressures on already overburdened engineering curricula (Fromm, 2003). METHODS One important strategy for addressing the engineering design competency is to incorporate industry-based case study learning into the engineering curriculum. In the NSERC Design Engineering Chair at Ecole Polytechnique, numerous Product and Process Design projects addressing biorefinery case studies are underway with forestry company industry partners. This presentation presents (a) foundation ideas behind the biorefinery design engineering research program, and (b) how these are being incorporated into courses in the Chemical Engineering curriculum at Ecole Polytechnique. The case studies inspire design work in the capstone design course, as well as a graduate-level course where Process integration design tools are introduced. RESULTS In the 27 January 2006 Science Magazine, Art Ragauskas and his colleagues at Georgia Institute of Technology introduced a new state-ofthe-art biorefinery concept stating that “in essence, the modern biorefinery parallels the petroleum refinery: an abundant raw material consisting primarily of renewable polysaccharides and lignin enters the biorefinery and, through an array of processes, is fractionated and converted into an array of products including transportation fuels, coproducts, and direct energy”. Already today, several forestry companies are considering its implementation in the coming years despite the fact that no commercial scale biorefinery has yet been implemented producing chemicals from second generation biomass. Developing innovative biorefinery solutions that are unique to the North American competitive landscape in a global economy will require bold fast-track research into new conversion processes, coupled with innovative design techniques. The so-called forest biorefinery can be defined in economic terms, and this can provide the basis for the design problem definition. Various case studies using this problem definition are being addressed in the NSERC Design Chair at Ecole Polytechnique. Techno-economic assessment of different embryonic and emerging biorefinery processes is critical during the early stages of design, and at the same time not obvious due to several complicating factors such as scale of technology development, scarce information from technology developers due to intellectual property concerns, future price volatility and uncertainty, and others. Traditional techno-economic assessment and technoeconomic risk analysis methods that are used in early stage biorefinery process design are critical, and overviewed in this presentation. Key methods are used for capital and operating cost estimation, profitability analysis and suitable risk analysis methods for these techno-economic analysis methods. Primarily the focus is on conceptual level process design. There are many process-product combinations possible for the biorefinery, and this has emphasized the importance of product design in the applied methodologies, so that process/technology strategies “serve” business/product strategies leading to profitable transformation. DISCUSSION The open-ended and multidisciplinary issues associated with the biorefinery must be addressed in a creative and iterative process, by students involved in design teamwork. In the Chemical Engineering capstone design course, in recent years we have incorporated a wide range of problem definitions that are inspired by our case study work in the NSERC Design Chair. The emphasis in this course is on process design, and the management of technology and market uncertainty in the elimination of biorefinery process options. In the Chemical Engineering Advanced Design and Process Integration course, in recent years we have imported the methods we have developed in energy (pinch) analysis, life cycle assessment etc, but in particular, have emphasized the complex aspect of product design for the biorefinery. REFERENCES 1. Crain, R.W., Davis, D.C., Calkins, D.E., Gentili, K., 1995, Establishing engineering design competencies for freshman/sophomore students, Proceedings of the 1995 25th Annual Conference on Frontiers in Education. Part 2 (of 2), Atlanta, GA, USA, November 1-4, 1995, pp. 937-939. 2. NSERC Chairs In Design Engineering, The Engineering Design Competency, The Inaugural CDEN Design Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, July 29-30, 2004. 3. Dym, C.L., Agogino, A.M., Eris, O., Frey, D.D., Leifer, L.J., 2005, Engineering design thinking, teaching, and learning, Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 94, No. 1, pp. 103-119. 4. Fromm, E., The changing engineering educational paradigm, Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 92, No. 2, 2003, pp. 113-121. | 2,010 | 0 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02eea1262a1589849fbff5fd35284b2673c6e0b9 | Synergy of Nb Doping and Surface Alloy Enhanced on Water–Alkali Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Generation Performance in Ti‐Based MXene | Presented are the theoretical calculation and experimental studies of a Ti3C2Tx MXene‐based nanohybrid with simultaneous Nb doping and surface transition metal alloy modification. Guided by the density functional theory calculation, the Nb doping can move up the Fermi energy level to the conduction band, thus enhancing the electronic conductivity. Meanwhile, the surface modification by Ni/Co alloy can moderate the surface M–H affinity, which will further enhance the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. A series of Ni/Co alloy attached on Nb‐doped Ti3C2Tx MXene nanohybrids (denoted as NiCo@NTM) are successfully prepared. As expected, the Ni0.9Co0.1@ NTM nanohybrids present an extraordinary HER activity in alkaline solution, which only needs an overpotential (η) of 43.4 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH solution and shows good stability. The performance of the Ni0.9Co0.1@ NTM nanohybrids is comparable to the commercial 10% Pt/C electrode (34.4 mV@10 mA cm−2) and is better than most state‐of‐the‐art Pt‐free HER catalysts. Inspired by the facile synthesis process and chemical versatility of both MXene and transition metal alloys, the nanohybrids reported here are promising non‐noble metal electrocatalysts for water–alkali electrolysis. | Advancement of science | 2,019 | 93 | {
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{
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"name": "Q. Yan"
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] | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/advs.201900116 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | 393 |
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02f119bede4dc8455552aac09f0b6f68452f4579 | Hexagonal-shaped tin glycolate particles: a preliminary study of their suitability as li-ion insertion electrodes. | Tin glycolate particles were prepared by a simple, one-step, polyol-mediated synthesis in air in which tin oxalate precursor was added to ethylene glycol and heated at reflux. Hexagonal-shaped, micron-sized tin glycolate particles were formed when the solution had cooled. A series of tin oxides was produced by calcination of the synthesized tin glycolate at 600-800 degrees C. It was revealed that the micron-sized, hexagonal-shaped tin glycolate now consisted of nanosized tin-based particles (80-120 nm), encapsulated within a tin glycolate shell. XRD, TGA, and FT-IR measurements were conducted to account for the three-dimensional growth of the tin glycolate particles. When applied as an anode material for Li-ion batteries, the synthesized tin glycolate particles showed good electrochemical reactivity in Li-ion insertion/deinsertion, retaining a specific capacity of 416 mAh g(-1) beyond 50 cycles. This performance was significantly better than those of all the other tin oxides nanoparticles (<160 mAh g(-1)) obtained after heat treatment in air. We strongly believe that the buffering of the volume expansion by the glycolate upon Li-Sn alloying is the main factor for the improved cycling of the electrode. | Chemistry - An Asian Journal | 2,008 | 11 | null | [
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{
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02f169ade9d70f2a5f53244df10c7a516917ba6b | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02f169ade9d70f2a5f53244df10c7a516917ba6b | Adsorptive removal of Pb (II) using exfoliated graphite adsorbent:influence of experimental conditions and magnetic CoFe2O4 decoration | The worm-like exfoliated graphite (EG) based adsorbents prepared from low-cost natural graphite flakes via facile synthesis processes have been found to be efficient adsorbents when it comes to removing Pb (II) from aqueous solution. EG was fabricated by chemical intercalation and microwave assisted exfoliation. Furthermore, the magnetic exfoliated graphite (MEG) was developed by incorporating CoFe2O4 particles into the EG layers using the citric acid based sol-gel technique. Adsorption behaviour of Pb (II) on the as-prepared adsorbents was investigated by taking several experimental conditions into consideration such as contact time, initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, and pH value. The results with initial neutral pH indicated that the adsorption isotherms for Pb (II) on the EG and MEG were well consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model revealing the maximum adsorption capacity of 106 mg/g and 68 mg/g for EG and MEG, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of Pb (II) was found to adhere to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The chemical interaction between ? electrons on graphite sheets and Pb (II) ions was suggested to play an essential role in the adsorption mechanism. The introduction of magnetic CoFe2O4 to the EG was found to induce the shift of optimal pH value to a more basic condition. The characterization of the adsorbents was performed using relevant analysis techniques such as Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X–ray powder diffraction (XRD), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR). The results of this work suggest a high possibility for application of the as-prepared modified graphite to remove hazardous substances in practical wastewater treatment systems.
ABSTRAK: Penyerap Pengelupas Grafit (EG) yang berupa seperti cacing dihasilkan dari grafit semulajadi yang murah melalui proses sintesis serpihan, ia juga merupakan penyerap yang bagus dalam mengasingkan Pb (II) daripada larutan akues. EG direka dengan tindak balas interkalasi kimia dan pengelupasan melalui gelombang mikro. Tambahan, pengelupas grafit magnet (MEG) telah dihasilkan dengan memasukkan zarah CoFe2O4 ke dalam lapisan EG menggunakan teknik sol-gel yang berasaskan asid sitrik. Tindak balas penyerapan Pb (II) pada penyerap yang disiapkan ini, dikaji dengan mengambil kira beberapa keadaan eksperimen seperti waktu disentuh, konsentrasi awal, dos penyerap dan nilai pH. Hasil keputusan pH neutral awal menunjukkan bahawa isoterm penyerapan bagi Pb (II) pada EG dan MEG adalah konsisten dengan model isoterm Langmuir. Ini menunjukkan kapasiti penyerapan maksimum 106 mg/g dan 68 mg/g bagi EG dan MEG, masing-masing. Penyerapan kinetik Pb (II) didapati mematuhi model kinetik pesudo-order-kedua. Interaksi kimia antara elektron ? pada helaian grafit dan ion Pb (II) memainkan peranan penting dalam mekanisme penyerapan. Pengenalan magnet CoFe2O4 kepada EG didapati telah mengubah nilai pH optimum kepada keadaan asal. Pengelasan penyerapan dilakukan menggunakan teknik analisis yang relevan seperti Mikroskop Elektron Pengimbasan (SEM), Difraksi Serbuk sinar-X (XRD), Magnetometer Sampel-Getaran (VSM) dan Inframerah Perubahan-Fourier (FTIR). Hasil kerja ini mencadangkan kemungkinan besar bagi penggunaan grafit ubah suai yang disediakan bagi membuang bahan berbahaya dalam sistem rawatan air sisa praktikal. | International Islamic University Malaysia Engineering Journal | 2,019 | 11 | {
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"name": "D. Nguyen"
},
{
"authorId": "2111966",
"name": "T. P. Q. Bui"
}
] | https://journals.iium.edu.my/ejournal/index.php/iiumej/article/download/965/696 | journals.iium.edu.my | 395 |
02f54aa4959c76dad861ad06eefd3616bb51d1bd | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02f54aa4959c76dad861ad06eefd3616bb51d1bd | Polyaniline and Carbon Nanotubes Based Composites Containing Whole Units and Fragments of Nanotubes | Using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, we show that composites based on polyaniline (PANI) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are different when they are prepared by two different methods: (1) by adding dispersed SWNTs to the polymer solutions and (2) by chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of SWNTs. The difference originates from the irreversible chemical transformation of SWNTs in the polymerization medium. The synthesis medium used for the preparation of PANI transforms SWNTs into fragments of shorter length like closed-shell fullerenes. This explains the similarity of SERS and FTIR spectra of the composites PANI/SWNTs and PANI/C60 chemically prepared. All compounds exhibit an absorption band at 1144 cm-1 in their FTIR spectra, increasing with the carbon nanoparticules content, as a signature of a charge transfer between the constituents. Besides, the FTIR spectrum of the compounds obtained by adding SWNTs to the polymer... | 2,003 | 215 | null | [
{
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"name": "J. Mevellec"
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{
"authorId": "7616059",
"name": "O. Chauvet"
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02f5a70caea8753e5d2f929493b7bdbeb6aa606f | UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Mesoporous Silica with Site‐Isolated Amine and Phosphotungstic Acid Groups: A Solid Catalyst with Tunable Antagonistic Functions for One‐Pot Tandem Reactions with Amine and A with | Scientists engaged in heterogeneous catalysis often cite enzymes as their model catalysts. Enzymes can efficiently catalyze multistep processes that give various types of biomolecules. [1] Remarkably, many enzymes combine two antagonistic catalytic functions, such as acid and base functions. [2] Attracted by this challenge, several groups synthesized homogeneous catalysts that can successfully combine chemically hostile functions. [3] However, the diffi-culty lies in controlling the separation between these groups and simultaneously working at practical catalyst concentra-tions. In principle, both of these problems can be solved using heterogeneous catalysis. But synthesizing solid catalysts that combine hostile functions is no easy task. Not surprisingly, examples of solids with both acidic and basic functions are limited. The reported examples combine acids such as sulfonic acids, silanols, ureas, and thiols with amines. [4] However, problems such as low catalytic activity because of weak acidity, complicated preparation, and lack of a contin-uous range of acidic and basic catalytic sites often significantly limit their application in organic reactions. Here, we present a simple and straightforward route to such bifunctional solids. We combine amine base functions and heteropolyacid functions on periodic mesoporous silica, obtaining an efficient and robust bifunctional acid–base solid catalyst. This new material enables one-pot cooperative catalysis. Moreover, the synthesis permits easy tailoring of the acid/base properties by controlling the number and surface concentration of the acid and base sites, respectively. We demonstrate the catalytic efficiency and robustness of this new system in two cascade reactions: a tandem deprotection– Henry reaction, and a tandem deprotection–aldol reaction. Excellent yields and selectivities are obtained in both cases. phase in a 50 mL glass reactor equipped with a condenser and a magnetic stirrer. Benzaldehyde dimethylacetal (1 mmol) and nitromethane (10 mL) were stirred at 50 8 C under N 2 with 30 mg of the catalyst in powder form. To monitor the reaction, samples of the reaction mixture were taken periodically and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC, Perkin–Elmer Clarus 500) using a 50 m BP5 capillary column and an free induction decay (FID) detector. After the completion of the reaction, the catalyst was separated by filtration. The filtrate was analyzed by GC and the products were confirmed by GC-MS and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The recovered catalyst was washed with nitromethane and acetone, and was then reused for the above one-pot reaction. Deacetalization–aldol reaction of benzaldehyde dimethyla- cetal and malononitrile was also conducted in a similar way. Ethyl acetate hydrolysis was carried out in a round bottom flask, fitted with a condenser and a magnetic stirrer. A dilute aqueous solution of ethyl acetate (10 wt%) was stirred with catalyst powder (2 wt%) at 343 K and the catalytic activity was measured by GC. | 2,011 | 0 | null | [
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{
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"name": "G. Rothenberg"
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02f7830b285763f4f5a68707603062fa1d13fa81 | Templateless synthesis of polypyrrole nanowires by non-static solution-surface electropolymerization | null | Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry | 2,016 | 16 | null | [
{
"authorId": "40091161",
"name": "A. Turco"
},
{
"authorId": "3513736",
"name": "E. Mazzotta"
},
{
"authorId": "5732900",
"name": "C. Di Franco"
},
{
"authorId": "38886240",
"name": "M. V. Santacroce"
},
{
"authorId": "3303450",
"name": "G. Scamarcio"
},
{
"authorId": "11044375",
"name": "A. G. Monteduro"
},
{
"authorId": "9030346",
"name": "E. Primiceri"
},
{
"authorId": "6318656",
"name": "C. Malitesta"
}
] | null | null | 398 |
02faaf724eda8883ac4284f5e35ecdd24b5e03c3 | {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"CorpusId": 13479462,
"DBLP": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/OMEE.2014.6912344",
"MAG": "2108144062",
"PubMed": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
} | {
"alternate_issns": null,
"alternate_names": [
"OMEE",
"IEEE Int Conf Oxide Mater Electron Eng"
],
"alternate_urls": null,
"id": "67dc91bf-ef67-4f97-8ebc-c53b96a6cd2c",
"issn": null,
"name": "IEEE International Conference on Oxide Materials for Electronic Engineering",
"type": "conference",
"url": null
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02faaf724eda8883ac4284f5e35ecdd24b5e03c3 | Synthesis and properties of ferromagnetic nanostructures and their possible use in medicine and microwave engineering | Three types of ferromagnetic nanostructures based on barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19), lanthanum-strontium manganites with perovskite structure (La1-xSrxMnO3) and materials with spinel structure (AFe2O4, A = Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe) have been synthesized by precipitation from aqueous and nonaqueous solutions, by the sol-gel method and from microemulsions. Magnetic properties of the synthesized nanoparticles and films have been investigated. It was shown that the obtained nanoparticles exhibit superparamagnetic properties. It has been found that the synthesized nanoparticles have promise in hyperthermia of cancer cells. It has been shown that the films based on barium hexaferrite can have promise in the creation of nonlinear resonant microwave elements on the basis of high-Q dielectric resonators and ferromagnetic film. | IEEE International Conference on Oxide Materials for Electronic Engineering | 2,014 | 3 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2069637132",
"name": "A. Belous"
}
] | null | null | 399 |
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