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010f0c58c5682bb951c0a8bf4b18b39520fa02ad | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0113f48a92afb7c7afdf3a1394dcced67205bd3e | MgTiO3 Thin Films Synthesis by Sol Gel Method | Telah dilakukan sintesa lapisan tipis MgTiO3 dengan menggunakan metode Sol Gel. Lapisan tipis MgTiO3 dibuat dengan mencampurkan TiO dan MgSO4 sebagai prekursor. Larutan ini kemudian diaduk selama 1 jam agar campuran menjadi homogen dengan menggunakan magnetic stirrer. Lapisan tipis MgTiO3 dipanaskan dengan variasi suhu mulai dari 300, 400, 500 dan 60oC selama 1 jam. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian XRD menunjukkan bahwa pada suhu 300 - 500oC nilai ukuran butir kristal semakin besar, sementara pada suhu 600oC ukuran butir kristal mengecil. Struktur kristal yang terbentuk dari lapisan tipis MgTiO3 adalah rutil. Hasil SEM menunjukkan lapisan MgTiO3 terdeposisi dengan baik yang ditunjukkan dengan tidak munculnya retakan pada permukaan lapisan serta terdapat adanya pori yang terbentuk dan ketebalan lapisan tipis MgTiO3 berkisar antara 1,67 – 1,79 µm. Hasil pengujian UV-Vis menunjukkan suhu pemanasan mempengaruhi turunnya nilai band gap. Semakin tinggi suhu pemanasan semakin kecil band gap yang dihasilkan, yaitu pada suhu 300oC bernilai 3,22 eV dan pada suhu 600oC bernilai 3,02 eV. MgTiO3 thin films synthesis has been done using Sol Gel method. The MgTiO3 thin films is made by mixing TiO and MgSO4 as precursors. This solution is then stirred for 1 h to have homogeneous mixture by using a magnetic stirrer. The MgTiO3 thin films is heated with temperature variations range of 300, 400, 500 and 600°C for 1 h. Based on XRD test showed that at 300 - 500 oC value of crystalline grain size was increased, while at 600oC the size of crystal grains decreased. The crystalline structure formed from a thin films of MgTiO3 is rutile. The SEM results show a well-deposited MgTiO3 films which is indicated by the absence of cracks on the surface of the coating and there is a pore formed and the thickness of the MgTiO3 thin films range of 1.67 to 1.79 μm. UV-Vis test show that the heating temperature affects the decrease in band gap value. The higher the heating temperature give the smallerof band gap, ie at a temperature of 300oC worth 3.22 eV and at a temperature of 600oC worth 3.02 eV, respectively. Keywords: MgTiO3 thin films, Sol Gel, XRD, SEM, UV-Vis. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Angela, R., dan Pratapa, S. 2012. Sintesis MgTiO3 dengan Variasi Temperatur Kalsinasi Menggunakan Metode Pencampuran Larutan. Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS Vol. 1, ISSN: 2301-928X Basitoh D., Is Fatimah., and Tatang S. J. Penggunaan Ekstrak Pigmen Kulit Buah Manggis (Garnicia mangostana) Sebagai Zat Peka Cahaya TiO2-Montmorillonit Dalam Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). FMIPA. Universitas Islam Indonesia. Yogyakarta. Badawy M.I., Souaya E.M.R., Gad-Alah T.A., Abdel-Wahde M.S., Ulbricht M. 2013. Fabrication of Ag/TiO2 Photocatalytic for the treatment of simulated hospital wastewater under sunlight. Enviromental Progress and Sustainable Energy.33 (3), 886-894. Chao W-S., Ting C-C., 2010. Experimental Study On Reversal Structure Of Photoelectrode In Dsscs. Proceedings of the ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition IMECE2010 Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada IMECE2010-38497 Dadi, R., 2014. Pembuatan Sel Surya TiO2 Nanokristal Berbahan Dasar Anthocyanin Sebagai Material Dye, Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah XXVIII HFI Jateng & DIY, Yogyakarta, ISSN : 0853-0823. Gratzel, M. (2003). “Review: Dye Sensitized Solar Cells”, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews, Vol. 4, hal. 145– 153. Green, Martin A.1982. Solar Cell Operating Principles Technology And System Application”prenticell Hall, Inc Evylewood Cliffs N,J. Hardeli, Suwardani, Riky, Fernando, T., Maulidis, dan Ridwan, S. 2013. Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Berbasis Nanopori TiO2 Menggunakan antosianin dari Berbagai Sumber Alami. Prosiding Semirata FMIPA Universitas Lampung. Helga, D. F., Samsidar, Faizar, F., Heriyanti, Sampe Napitupulu, dan Sarina, P, 2015. Disain Prototipe Sel Surya DSSC (Dye Sensitized Solar Cell) Lapisan Grafit/TiO2 Berbasis Dye Alami, Prodi Fisika dan Prodi Kimia, FST, Universitas Jambi. Heriyanti, S., 2006, Kajian Sensitisasi Lapis Tipis TiO2 oleh Zat Warna Alami untuk Sel Surya Berbasis Sensitiser Zat Warna, Skripsi, FMIPA UGM, Jogjakarta. Ludin, N.A., dkk. 2014. Review on The Development of Nature Dye Photosensitizer for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell. Renewable and Suinable Energy, 386-396. Linsebigler, A.L., Lu, G. Dan Yates, J.T., 1995, Photocatalysis on TiO2 Surface:Principles, Mechanism and Selected Results, Chem. Rev., 95, 735-758. Maya, S., Widya, K., Drs. Gontjang, P, M.Si.,2012. Studi Awal Fabrikasi Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Dengan Menggunakan Ekstraksi Daun Bayam Amaranthus Hybridus l.) Sebagai Dye Sensitizer Dengan Variasi Jarak Sumber Cahaya Pada DSSC, Jurusan Fisika, FMIPA Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Mulyadi, T. 2015. Pengertian, Ciri, dan Sifat magnesium. http://budisma.net/2015/02/pengertian-ciridan-sifat-magnesium.html (Tanggal akses, 26 Februari 2015) Nam, T. V., Trang, N. T., and Cong, B. T. 2012. Mg-Doped TiO2 for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell: An Elektronic Structure Study. Proc. Natl. Conf. Theor. Phys. 37, pp. 233-234. O’Regan dan Gratzel, 1991, A Low Cost, High Eficiency Solar Cell Based On Dye Sensitized Coloidal TiO2 film, Nature, 737740. Ratnasari, D., Hermanihadi, S., Indriyanto, W., Fathony, A., Devi WH. F., Agung R, P. dan Amin Rais, Y. 2009. Tugas Kimia Fisika X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Surakarta: FT UNS. Slamet, Syakur R dan Danumulyo W. 2003. Pengolahan Limbah Logam Berat Chromium (VI) Dengan Fotokatalis TiO2. Makara, Teknologi, 7 (1): 27-32. Smestad and Gratzel M. 1998. Demonstrating Electron Tranfer and Nanotechnology; A Natural Dye-Sensitized Nanocristallin Energy Converter. J, Chem.Educ. 75,752756. Suhartatik, N., Karyantina, M., Mustofa, A., Cahyanto, M. N., Raharjo, S., Rahayu, E. S. 2013. Stabilitas Ekstrak Antosianin Beras Ketan Hitam (Oryza sativa glutinosa) selama Proses Pemanasan dan Penyimpanan. Jurnal Agritech Vol. 33, No. 4, Yogyakarta. Septina, W., Fajarisandi, D., Aditia, M. Pembuatan prototip solar cell dengan bahan organik-inorganik (dye sensitized solar cell). Laporan Akhir Penelitian Bidang Energi, Penghargaan PT. Rekayasa Industri (2007) Vlanck, V, Lawrence. 2004. Elemen-elemen Ilmu dan Rekayasa Material Edisi Ke-6. Jakarta: Erlangga. Wulandari, H., 2008. Performa Sel Surya Tersensitasi Zat Pewarna (DSSC) Berbasis ZnO Dengan Variasi Tingkat Pengisian dan Besar Kristalit TiO2, Skripsi, Jurusan Teknik Metalurgi dan Material, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia. Xu, Shi, Fan, Dong, Shi, dan Hu. 1999. Effects of Particle Size of TiO2 on Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Suspensions. Chemical Reviews, (38): 373379. Yuwono, A. H., Munir, B., Ferdiansyah, A., Rahman, A., dan Handini, W. 2010. Dye Sensitized Solar Cell with Conventionally Annealed and Post- Hydrothermally Treated Nanocrystalline semiconductor Oxide TiO2 Derived from Sol-gel Process. Jurnal Makara Teknologi, Vol. 14, No. 2 Zamrani R.A., dan Gontjang P., 2013. Pembuatan Dan Karakterisasi Prototipe Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Menggunakan Ekstraksi Kulit Buah Manggis Sebagai Dye Sensitizer Dengan Metode Doctor Blade, Jurnal Sains Dan Seni Pomits Vol. 1, No.2, 2301-928X. | 2,018 | 0 | null | [
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01174315d6ebbb60c3881cb784d411ce5047fa46 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01174315d6ebbb60c3881cb784d411ce5047fa46 | Synthesis, Structural Characterization, Redox and Antimicrobial Studies of Schiff Base Copper(II), Nickel(II), Cobalt(II), Manganese(ii), Zinc(II) and Oxovanadium(ii) Complexes derived from benzil and 2-Aminobenzyl Alcohol | Neutral complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), VO(II) and Zn(II) have been synthesized from the Schiffbase derived from benzil and 2-aminobenzyl alcohol. The structural features have been arrived from their microanalytical, IR, UV-Vis, 1 H NMR, Mass and ESR spectral data. All of the complexes exhibit square-planar geometry except the Mn(II) and VO(II) complexes. The Mn(II) chelate shows an octahedral environment and the VO(II) chelate exists in a square-pyramidal geometry. The monomeric and non-electrolytic nature of the complexes is evidenced by their magnetic susceptibility and low conductance data. The cyclic voltammogram of copper complex in acetonitrile solution shows two quasi reversible peaks for the Cu(II)/Cu(III) and Cu(II)/Cu(I) couples. The X-band ESR spectra of the Cu(II) and VO(II) complexes in DMSO at 300 and 77 K were recorded and their salient features are reported. The biological activity of the metal chelates against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella flexneri are also reported. Most ofthe complexes have higher activity than that of the free Schiffbase and the control. | 2,002 | 54 | null | [
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011ad65b7c0f9e587b6d33c7bf63028622dae43e | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/011ad65b7c0f9e587b6d33c7bf63028622dae43e | Tailored ruthenium-N-heterocyclic carbene hybrid catalytic materials for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide in the presence of amine. | The use of CO2 as a C1 building block is one possible solution for CO2 remediation; a point of particular interest considering that the atmospheric concentration of CO2 is reaching critical values. For instance, the hydrogenation of CO2 back into chemicals and fuels can be a potential approach. For this particular chemical process, homogeneous catalysts based on noble metals were first discovered in the 1970s, 4] but one critical advance was the use of ruthenium trimethylphosphine complexes and supercritical CO2 as a “solvent”. Depending on the additives present during the reaction, formic acid, formamides, or formate esters are produced. The introduction of bidentate chelating ligands led to further improvements for the hydrogenation of CO2 to formamides. [8] Ruthenium and iridium complexes with phosphorus–nitrogen–phosphorus pincer (PNP) or bis-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands were also very effective for the hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid. Although homogeneous catalytic systems of this type are numerous, there are only a few examples of heterogeneous catalysts. Two main strategies have been developed to date: the coordination of different metal precursors to aminopropylfunctionalised materials and the incorporation of trialkoxysilane-containing ruthenium phosphine complexes during a sol–gel process. Whereas the former approach leads to significant metal leaching, the latter suffers from lower catalytic performances than their homogeneous analogues, owing possibly to reactant diffusion difficulties. Considering the advantages of heterogeneous catalysts, there is still the need to develop supported catalysts by using a much more controlled approach, allowing the control of the distribution of active sites, and avoiding any problem of accessibility of the reactants to these sites. Based on the direct synthesis of hybrid materials synthesis, we recently developed imidazolium-functionalised materials and the corresponding iridium and ruthenium 14] NHC catalytic materials for H/D exchange and alkene metathesis reactions. Their very high catalytic performances, typically equalling or exceeding those of their homogeneous counterparts, are owed to the control of the synthesis of the catalytic material at the molecular level. We therefore developed catalytic materials based on Ru NHC species, which display promising catalytic performances, for the hydrogenation of CO2 to amides. Firstly, the synthesis of the molecular complex [RuCl2(pcymene)(1-mesityl-3-{(3-triisopropoxysilyl)propyl}imidazol-2-ylidene)] , RuCym, was performed (Scheme 1). It involved the for- | ChemSusChem | 2,011 | 31 | null | [
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011d47520418d811a22eba8a19db36d6777496ea | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/011d47520418d811a22eba8a19db36d6777496ea | The role of potassium atoms in the formation of uranyl selenates: the crystal structure and synthesis of two novel compounds | *Corr esponding author Single crystals of two new uranyl selenates K 3 (H 3 O)[(UO 2 ) 4 (SeO 4 ) 6 (H 2 O) 4 ]∙5H 2 O (I) and K 2.5 (NO 3 ) 0.5 [(UO 2 ) 2 (SeO 4 ) 3 (H 2 O)]∙4H 2 O (II) have been prepared by room-temperature evaporation from aqueous solution of uranyl nitrate, selenic acid, potassium carbonate and (for the compound I) carbamide. The crystal structure of I has been solved by direct methods [monoclinic, P2 1 /m, a = 12.001(3), b = 13.613(3), c = 13.753(3) A, β = 109.187(4)°, V = 2122.0(8) A 3 and Z = 2] and refined to R 1 = 0.029 (wR 2 = 0.084) for 4865 reflections with |F o| ≥ 4σF using least-square methods. The crystal structure of II has been solved by direct methods [monoclinic, С2/с, a = 20.290(4), b = 10.380(2), c = 21.436(4) A, β = 103.446(3)°, V = 4391.0(13) A 3 and Z = 4] and refined to R 1 = 0.027 (wR 2 = 0.066) for 7944 reflections with | F o | ≥ 4σF using least-square techniques. The structures of I and II are based upon the [(UO 2 ) 2 (SeO 4 ) 3 (H 2 O) 2 ] 2– and [(UO 2 ) 2 (SeO 4 ) 3 (H 2 O)] 2– layers, respectively, consisting of UO 7 pentagonal bipyramids sharing corners with SeO 4 tetrahedra. Potassium cations induce curvature of the uranyl selenate layers, which is mediated by the interlayer water molecules, hydronium ions and nitrate groups. The topology of the 2D units in the structure of I is novel for the structural chemistry of uranyl selenates. | 2,014 | 8 | {
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011d93ababed6f1059c3ebbafaab824c15b1e202 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/011d93ababed6f1059c3ebbafaab824c15b1e202 | Green hydrothermal synthesis method for non-porous high-crystallized magnesium borate nanowhisker | The invention discloses a green hydrothermal synthesis method for a non-porous high-crystallized magnesium borate nanowhisker, belonging to the technical field of inorganic chemical processes. The method comprises the steps: with slurry obtained through co-depositing inorganic magnesium salt, borate and inorganic alkaline at room temperature as a precursor, carrying out suction filtration on the precursor, pre-stripping chloride ions capable of corroding hydrothermal equipment, then, replenishing borate, regulating the pH value of the solution by using a pH regulator, next, adding a crystal form inducer, carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the product at the temperature of 100-220 DEG C, and enabling the product to realize orientated growth through controlling the content of the crystal form inducer and process conditions to obtain a one-dimensional basic magnesium borate nanowhisker with uniform morphology, high crystallinity and high length-diameter ratio; washing and drying the hydrothermal product, introducing the pre-stripped chloride ion contained filtrate (introduction quantity is 25-100% of the quantity of a pre-stripped solution) to the hydrothermal product, and roasting at the temperature of 650-750 DEG C in the presence of a surfactant to realize structural reforming and phase transformation to obtain the magnesium borate nanowhisker with high length-diameter ratio and dispersion and size uniformity and without obvious twinning. The green hydrothermal synthesis method has the advantages of simple process, mild conditions, cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, green synthesis, no corrosion to equipment and easiness for realizing industrial production. The magnesium borate nanowhisker is high in main content larger than 98%, regular in shape, uniform in particle size, non-porous, high in additional value and expected to be used as a reinforced and toughened material of metal, plastic, ceramic and polymer based composite materials. | 2,014 | 0 | null | [
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/011dbdc0de04c8abab2245beb07e8d7ebc55edde | Robust self-cleaning coatings | Self-cleaning, refers to a surface that has the ability to repel contamination (e.g. mud water, spilt ink etc.) or get itself cleaned under a natural circumstance (e.g. rain etc.). This thesis presents the synthesis, characterization and application of two types of self-cleaning surfaces, which are Lotus leaf-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces that repel water, and Nepenthes pitcher plant-inspired omniphobic surfaces that repel both water and liquid hydrocarbons (e.g. cooking oil). The surface durability of these surfaces is also investigated to engage practical applications. The self-cleaning properties and surface durability are studied in three stages. In the first stage, superhydrophobic mild steel surfaces were fabricated through chemical etching of CuCl2 solution followed by low surface energy modification with fluorosilane or Sylgard. To reduce the pressure on the environment, some of the by-products from the chemical etching and fluorosilane processes were used to treat soft porous materials such as sponge, cotton and paper to make superhydrophobic surfaces. In one pot, this method was used to make superhydrophobic coatings on both hard (steel) and soft (cotton etc.) substrates. Due to the superhydrophocity and oleophilicity, mild steel mesh was made superhydrophobic using this method for oil-water separation. Mechanical robustness of the superhydrophobic mild steel plate was further tested via sandpaper abrasion; most areas on the surface lost superhydrophobicity after 6 cycles of abrasion. To improve the mechanical durability of superhydrophobic surfaces and further reduce the pressure on the environment, the second-stage of the work introduces a paint-like suspension that can be treated on both hard (glass and steel) and soft substrates (cotton and paper) to make superhydrophobic coatings without by-products. The suspension, fabricated through mixing dual scaled TiO2 nanoparticles and fluorosilane-ethanol solution, can be simply sprayed or dip coated onto various substrates. Mechanical robustness of painted superhydrophobic surfaces can be greatly improved through combining the substrates and the paint using commercial adhesives such as double sided tapes and spray adhesive. The superhydrophobic surfaces retained water repellence after knife cut, finger print and even 40 cycles of sandpaper abrasion, showing remarkable robustness. Although the superhydrophobic paint treated surfaces retained water repellence after being contaminated by oil, they would eventually be stained by oil. To resist oil contamination, the third stage of this thesis presents an omniphobic coating, which is known as slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS). The SLIPS were fabricated by adding a lubricating layer onto the superhydrophobic painted surface. The prepared SLIPS repelled water, coffee, red wine, cooking oil and even ketchup with a low contact angle hysteresis. Apart from the surface mechanical durability, thermal and chemical stability have to be considered because the lubricating layer can be subject to extreme temperatures or corrosive liquids. The SLIPS samples retained omniphobicity after thermal tests at 200 °C and -196 °C, mechanical tests of knife scratch and Newton meter press at ~850 kPa, and chemical tests using corrosive liquids with pH from 0 to 14. Hopefully in near further, there would be innovative products available in the market based on this technique. | 2,017 | 0 | null | [
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/012205d49b17066691a291a794a73efa981045b6 | Rational design of coaxial structured carbon nanotube–manganese oxide (CNT–MnO2) for energy storage application | Recently, there has been great research interest in the development of composites (core–shell structures) of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with metal oxides for improved electrochemical energy storage, photonics, electronics, catalysis, etc. Currently, the synthetic strategies for metal oxides/hydroxides are well established, but the development of core–shell structures by robust, cost-effective chemical methods is still a challenge. The main drawbacks for obtaining such electrodes are the very complex synthesis methods which ultimately result in high production costs. Alternatively, the solution based method offers the advantages of simple and cost effective synthesis, as well as being easy to scale up. Here, we report on the development of multi-walled carbon nanotube–manganese oxide (CNT–MnO2) core–shell structures. These samples were directly utilized for asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) applications, where the CNT–MnO2 composite was used as the positive electrode and ZIF-8 (zeolitic imidazolate framework, ZIF) derived nanoporous carbon was used as the negative electrode. This unconventional ASC shows a high energy density of 20.44 W h kg−1 and high power density of 16 kW kg−1. The results demonstrate that these are efficient electrodes for supercapacitor application. | Nanotechnology | 2,015 | 57 | null | [
{
"authorId": "4988233",
"name": "R. R. Salunkhe"
},
{
"authorId": "2151292666",
"name": "Heejoon Ahn"
},
{
"authorId": "1590806202",
"name": "Jung Ho Kim"
},
{
"authorId": "144013190",
"name": "Y. Yamauchi"
}
] | null | null | 208 |
0123a318dfb9b55fdac313a3ec70e1514545d5d9 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0123a318dfb9b55fdac313a3ec70e1514545d5d9 | Characterization of Solution Synthesis of Zinc Complexes With Iron | Abstract : The purpose of this report is to demonstrate the impact of process and materials variables on the characteristics of a Curie-limited susceptor based upon Co(2-2x)Zn2xBa2Fe12O22 formed using a solution-processing approach. Zn2Ba2Fe12O22 (Zn2Y) was the focus of this report, which has a Curie temperature of approximately 130 C. The prepared particles were characterized using x-ray diffraction, environmental-scanning microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Some basic observations and experimental results are provided for each method. VSM was determined to be among the most sensitive methods for characterization. Process variations produced significant product variations, but sources and causes were not fully isolated through this study. An ongoing effort to determine process controls for optimization and scale-up of particle processing of zinc-based compounds will be the focus of future works. | 2,008 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "91571234",
"name": "Amirh Whitt"
},
{
"authorId": "116724006",
"name": "J. Sands"
}
] | null | null | 209 |
|
0123a33b13a303c3148f82bd4a9ec0d2ec4b99c7 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0123a33b13a303c3148f82bd4a9ec0d2ec4b99c7 | Large core-expanded triazatruxene-based discotic liquid crystals: synthesis, characterization and physical properties | Two new discotic liquid crystals based on the triazatruxene core, TAT-1 and TAT-2, have been constructed using diamine–diketone condensation as the key expansion step with different solubilizing chains attached at the periphery. The new mesogens possess good thermal stability and show columnar liquid crystalline properties. Upon expansion of the core size, TAT-2 is found to have a strong tendency to aggregate both in solution and in thin film. Their optical properties, electronic properties and thermal behaviour are investigated by various techniques. They are found to respond to protons due to protonation of the pyrazine rings in the conjugation system and an obvious colour change is observed upon protonation. These new molecules are also found to possess a weak intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) nature and a weak ICT band can be observed on the UV-vis absorption spectra. The charge transport properties of TAT-1 and TAT-2 have been measured by a space-charge limited-current technique and the highest mobilities obtained for TAT-1 and TAT-2 are 0.14 cm2 V−1 s−1 and 0.69 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. | 2,012 | 28 | null | [
{
"authorId": "38678577",
"name": "Q. Ye"
},
{
"authorId": "2688418",
"name": "Jingjing Chang"
},
{
"authorId": "2212591",
"name": "Jinjun Shao"
},
{
"authorId": "8933382",
"name": "C. Chi"
}
] | null | null | 210 |
|
0124a834e7e5fc91a804e49d865c82ee140e78ca | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0124a834e7e5fc91a804e49d865c82ee140e78ca | Synthesis of well-defined primary amine-based homopolymers and block copolymers and their Michael addition reactions with acrylates and acrylamides | A series of well-defined primary amine-based AB diblock copolymers were synthesised via atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP) using 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride (AMA), with the other block comprising the following comonomers: 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DPA), 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC). These copolymers were prepared with reasonably narrow polydispersities (Mw/Mn ≈ 1.1–1.4) in either 80 : 20 or 95 : 5 2-propanol–water mixtures at 50 °C using a 2-(N-morpholino)ethyl isobutyryl bromide initiator. The chain extension efficiency of PAMA was also investigated using a further charge of AMA. Unfortunately, such ‘self-blocking’ was problematic due to both catalyst deactivation and termination of the living chain ends. Nevertheless, low polydispersity all-methacrylic diblock copolymers were obtained in high yields via sequential monomer addition, provided that AMA was used as the second monomer in such syntheses. PAMA49 homopolymer and selected PAMA-based copolymers were reacted with various acrylates and acrylamides in aqueous solution at pH 9, with mean degrees of functionalisation being determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. This facile Michael addition chemistry provides access to a library of novel functional water-soluble homopolymers and diblock copolymers. | 2,010 | 52 | null | [
{
"authorId": "11743136",
"name": "E. S. Read"
},
{
"authorId": "32795718",
"name": "K. L. Thompson"
},
{
"authorId": "2317397",
"name": "S. Armes"
}
] | null | null | 211 |
|
012732dd10b8a5498402f435a2a1b716507b6755 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/012732dd10b8a5498402f435a2a1b716507b6755 | Synthesis and application of CeO2/sawdust nanocomposite for removal of As(III) ions from aqueous solutions using a fixed bed column system | In this study, nanocomposite of ceria sawdust (CeO2/SD) synthesized by precipitation method was utilized for removal of As (III) ions from aqueous solutions. Study of the process was done in column system. Characterization of the nano sized adsorbent particles was carried out using XRD and SEM techniques. The effects of important parameters, such as the value of initial pH, the flow rate, the influent concentration of arsenic and bed depth were studied in the column system. The Thomas model was applied for treatment of the adsorption data at different flow rate, influent concentration and bed depth. The bed-depth/service time analysis (BDST) model was also applied at different bed depth to predict the breakthrough curves. The two models were found suitable for describing the bio sorption process of the dynamic behavior of the CeO2/SD adsorbent in column investigation. Based on Thomas model, the equilibrium adsorption reached 8.28 mg g when a As(III) polluted solution with influent concentration of As 10 mg l passed through the column with a flow rate of 2 ml min. All the results suggested the presented nanocomposite as an efficient and cost effective adsorbent for removal of As (III) ions from aqueous solutions. | 2,017 | 12 | {
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"url": "https://journal.gnest.org/sites/default/files/Submissions/gnest_01969/gnest_01969_published.pdf"
} | [] | https://journal.gnest.org/sites/default/files/Submissions/gnest_01969/gnest_01969_published.pdf | journal.gnest.org | 212 |
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012a5d27781e5febcb19d8576ce933535e9edf09 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/012a5d27781e5febcb19d8576ce933535e9edf09 | Simple and accurate quantification of quantum dots via single-particle counting. | Quantification of quantum dots (QDs) is essential to the quality control of QD synthesis, development of QD-based LEDs and lasers, functionalizing of QDs with biomolecules, and engineering of QDs for biological applications. However, simple and accurate quantification of QD concentration in a variety of buffer solutions and in complex mixtures still remains a critical technological challenge. Here, we introduce a new methodology for quantification of QDs via single-particle counting, which is conceptually different from established UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectrum techniques where large amounts of purified QDs are needed and specific absorption coefficient or quantum yield values are necessary for measurements. We demonstrate that single-particle counting allows us to nondiscriminately quantify different kinds of QDs by their distinct fluorescence burst counts in a variety of buffer solutions regardless of their composition, structure, and surface modifications, and without the necessity of absorption coefficient and quantum yield values. This single-particle counting can also unambiguously quantify individual QDs in a complex mixture, which is practically impossible for both UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectrum measurements. Importantly, the application of this single-particle counting is not just limited to QDs but also can be extended to fluorescent microspheres, quantum dot-based microbeads, and fluorescent nano rods, some of which currently lack efficient quantification methods. | Journal of the American Chemical Society | 2,008 | 31 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2143410908",
"name": "Chun-Yang Zhang"
},
{
"authorId": "152818308",
"name": "L. Johnson"
}
] | null | null | 213 |
012d5bc28c1a0ff7065ed059621d7cc1427a6be2 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/012d5bc28c1a0ff7065ed059621d7cc1427a6be2 | Direct Observation of Long-lived Radicals in Irradiated Mammalian Cells which Cause Mutation : | S 465 W14–3 Direct Observation of Long-lived Radicals in Irradiated Mammalian Cells which Cause Mutation Jun KUMAGAI, Tetsuo MIYAZAKI, Seiji KODAMA, Masami WATANABE, Appl. Chem. Grad. Sch. Eng. Nagoya Univ. Lab. Radiat. Life Sci., Sch. Pharm. Sci., Nagasaki Univ. We have succeeded in quantitative measurement of long-lived radicals (LLR) in irradiated mammalian cells directly by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Although we have reported the induction of mutation by LLR in irradiated mammalian cells for several times, most of researchers have not accepted our results because any DNA damage were not included in the mechanism of inducing mutation by LLR. Recently Hei et al. proved that DNA damage was not necessary to induce mutation as bystander effect. Therefore, LLR are still important for induction of mutation in the irradiated cells. Our results in the measurements of LLR by ESR and ESE (Electron Spin Echo) are introduced in below. LLR were scavenged by L-ascorbic (AsA) acid and (–)epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), accompanying with the suppression of mutation simultaneously. The reaction between LLR and AsA proceeded in atomic tunneling in the cells. Very recently we have assigned that LLR are produced in protein as sulfinyl radicals by ESE and ESR measurements. Therefore, we speculate that LLR are produced in some enzymes related to DNA synthesis. W14–4 Detection of Radiation-Induced DNA Damage by an Aldehyde Reactive Probe (ARP) Hiroaki TERATO, Satofumi KURISU, Toshinobu MIYA, Mohammed Mohsin ALI, Yoshihiko OHYAMA, Kihei KUBO, Hiroshi IDE, Grad. Sch. Sci., Hiroshima Univ. Grad. Sch. Vet. Med., Osaka Pref. Univ. Ionizing radiation produces a variety of oxidative base lesions in DNA. To understand the molecular mechanism of biological effects of ionizing radiation, it is essential to monitor the dynamic process of damage formation and repair based on the amount of DNA damage. We have previously developed an assay to quantify abasic (AP) sites using an aldehyde reactive probe (ARP). Since base excision repair (BER) enzymes remove damaged base from DNA, leaving an AP site, it is possible to quantify base lesions by the ARP assay coupled with BER enzyme treatment. Genomic DNA was extracted from Escherichia coli and HeLa cells and DNA treated with and without endonuclease III recognizing oxidative pyrimidine damage was subjected to the ARP assay. The results showed that DNA from E. coli and HeLa cells contained roughly 7 and 8 pyrimidine lesions per 10 nucleotides. The results obtained with irradiated DNA in vitro and DNA extracted from irradiated cells will be also reported. W14–5 Why is There No Oxygen Effect in High LET Radiation Exposure? Osamu YAMAMOTO, Dept. Clin. Radiol., Facul. Med. Health, Hiroshima Int. Univ. RBE of H β-rays has been reported as 1–3. This author studied radiolysis of water with H β -rays. An UV spectrum other than OH, O2H and H2O2 was observed in water contained HTO. Since mesityl oxide was oxidized to its epoxide, the above active species could be assigned to nascent oxygen (O). A nascent oxygen corresponds to two OH radicals for oxidative reactions, which implicates the formation of heavy damage. The nascent oxygens react not only with solute molecules but also with each other producing O2 molecules. Therefore, the irradiation condition becomes to be the same to that under O2 being due to the production of O2, even if solution was exposed to radiation in the absence of O2. The heavy damages may remain as unreparable damages. Really, RBE of H β-rays to Co γ-rays becomes higher at lower dose-rate. The Japan Radiation Research Society NII-Electronic Library Service | 2,001 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "39384768",
"name": "J. Kumagai"
},
{
"authorId": "50637513",
"name": "T. Miyazaki"
},
{
"authorId": "4557781",
"name": "S. Kodama"
},
{
"authorId": "35235508",
"name": "M. Watanabe"
}
] | null | null | 214 |
|
012f8f59bfec80af4d0a8c3b28b36c9ce898dbe4 | {
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"DOI": "10.1524/ncrs.2001.216.14.271",
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/012f8f59bfec80af4d0a8c3b28b36c9ce898dbe4 | Crystal structure of bis(diphenylguanidinium) pentafluorovanadate, (C13H14N3)2VF5 | C26H28F5N6V, monoclinic, C12/cl (No. 15), a = 21.036(4) A, b = 10.704(1) A, c = 12.481(2) Ä, β = 103.86(2)°, V= 2728.7 Ä, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.073, wR^F) = 0.217, Γ = 2 9 3 K. Source of material The pure metal was dissolved in concentrated fluoric acid (40%). Diphenylguanidine (Aldrich, 98% purity) dissolved in ethanol was added to the solution and slow evaporation of the solvent at room temperature was allowed for several weeks. The remaining solid was then dissolved in ethanol and after a few weeks small, green crystals were formed, from which a good quality specimen was choosen for X-ray analysis. Experimental details The structure was solved by direct methods. The hydrogen atoms of the cation were placed at calculated positions and refined as riding using the SHELXL-97 defaults: Ν—Η = 0.86 A, C—Η = 0.93 Ä [1], The occupancy of the fluorine ions was refined and converged to unity for atoms Fl and F2 and to 0.509( 11) for F3. Discussion The guanidinium cation group is planar, with the sum of the valence angles around CI equal to 360.0(3)°. The N2—CI and N3—CI bond lengths are 1.333(4) Ä and 1.340(5) A, respectively, while N1—CI is slightly shorter [1.314(5) A]. The former lengths are close to the expected value for a delocalized C—Ν bond (1.339 A). The latter is larger than the value expected for a Cs/Γ-Ν bond (1.295 A) suggesting some charge delocalisation occurring on the guanidine fragment upon protonation. The angle between the least-squares planes of the two phenyl rings is 43.8(2)°; both phenyl rings are oriented anti to the terminal unsubst i tuted N1 atom as shown by the dihedral angles N 1 C 1 N 2 C 2 [-152.4(4)°] and N 1 C 1 N 3 C 8 [-150.2(4)°]. Different conformations of this cation have been found in other diphenylguanidine compounds, namely syn-anti [2] and syn-syn [3] which has been explained by the low potential barrier for rotation of the rings about the C—Ν bonds. The transition metal atoms are located at the special positions which have a 1 site symmetry. The anion is highly disordered as seen from the large anisotropic displacement factors of the fluorine atoms. It should be emphasized that disorder is often found in oxofluoro-anions [4]. The value of 0.509( 11) obtained for the occupancy of F3 atoms, the elongation of the V ellipsoid towards F3 as well as the orientation of the Fl and F2 ellipsoids indicate that VFs 2 pyramids are present randomly up and down. In a similar synthesis, usi n g L a r g i n i n e i n s t e a d of d i p h e n y l g u a n i d i n e , an hexafluorovanadate ion was stabilized in the structure [5], with slightly larger V—F distances. Also, other fluorovanadate ions often exhibit fluorine bridges leading to polymeric structures [6]. Each anion is linked with four symmetry equivalent cations via hydrogen bonds. The Η atoms attached to Ν1 atoms are donated to Fl and F2 atoms of different anions [2.801(4) A and 2.839(4) A, respectively]. The N2 atoms are hydrogen bonded to F2 [2.720(4) A] and a bifurcated hydrogen bond links N3 to Fl and F2 atoms belonging to the same anion [2.825(4) A and 3.101(4) A, respectively]. Magnetisation measurements on a powder sample showed a paramagnetic behaviour down to 5 K. Powder diffractrograms in the 2Θ range of 0°-120° were collected at room and low temperature (100 K), searching for phase transitions that might occur in such disordered compounds. A simulated diffractrogram based on the single crystal data matched all the observed peaks. No phase transition was detected in the measured temperature range. Table 1. Data collection and handling. Crystal: Wavelength: μ: Diffractometer, scan mode: 26max: W ( / l W J m e a s u r e d , N(hkl)unique: Criterion for /obs, N(hkl)gC N(param)K fined: Programs: green prism, size 0.37 χ 0.39 χ 0.44 mm Mo K a radiation (0.71073 A) 4.24 cm" Enraf-Nonius CAD-4, ω/2θ 51.94° 3236, 2678 Us > 2 af/obsj, 1939 179 SHELXS-97 [1], PLATON [7] * Correspondence author (e-mail: [email protected]) | 2,001 | 1 | {
"status": "GOLD",
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} | [
{
"authorId": "1406004995",
"name": "M. R. Silva"
},
{
"authorId": "32362199",
"name": "A. Beja"
},
{
"authorId": "1395472781",
"name": "J. A. Paixäo"
},
{
"authorId": "152659732",
"name": "L. A. D. Veiga"
}
] | https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1524/ncrs.2001.216.14.271/pdf | www.degruyter.com | 215 |
|
012fee235a83370b783df8637f08c2c9a33eb71e | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/asia.201000233",
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/012fee235a83370b783df8637f08c2c9a33eb71e | Homoleptic platinum(II) and palladium(II) organothiolates and phenylselenolates: solvothermal synthesis, structural determination, optical properties, and single-source precursors for PdSe and PdS nanocrystals. | Homoleptic d(8)-metal organothiolates and phenylselenolates [M(EC(6)H(5))(2)](infinity) (E=S, M=Pt 1, M=Pd 2, M=Ni 5; E=Se, M=Pt 3, M=Pd 4) were prepared as crystalline solids under solvothermal conditions. Their structures were solved using powder X-ray diffraction data. In each case, the EC(6)H(5) (E=S, Se) ligand binds to two metal ions (M=Pt, Pd, and Ni) to form chain-like structures with planar (in 1) or zig-zag (in 2-5) conformations. The [M(SR)(2)](infinity) complexes (M=Pt, R=4-tert-butylphenyl 6; R=2-naphthyl 8; R=4-nitrophenyl 10 and M=Pd, R=4-tert-butylphenyl 7; R=2-naphthyl 9; R=4-nitrophenyl 11) were prepared under similar solvothermal conditions. Based on the XPS binding energies and elemental analyses, complexes 6-11 have the same [M(SR)(2)](infinity) formulation as 1 and 2. The cyclic complex [Pd(6)(SCH(3))(12)] 12 was prepared as a crystalline solid by solvothermal annealing treatment of the amorphous precipitate. A chain-like polymer structure is proposed for both [Pd(SC(12)H(25))(2)](infinity) 13 and [Pd(SC(16)H(33))(2)](infinity) 14; these polymeric chains self-assemble to give layer-like structures. Solid-state diffuse reflectance spectra reveal that the optical band gap E(g) (eV) of complexes 1, 6, 8, 10 and of 2, 7, 9, 11 are in the range of 2.10-3.00 eV and 2.10-2.63 eV, respectively, and 5 has the lowest E(g) value (1.72 eV). Heating solid samples of 4 and 13 under solvothermal conditions afforded phase-pure Pd(17)Se(15) and PdS nanocrystals, respectively. Field-effect transistors fabricated with a drop-cast thin film made from Pd(17)Se(15) nanocrystals prior treated with an ethanolic solution of 1-hexadecanethiol displayed ambipolar charge transporting properties with hole and electron mobility being 7x10(-2) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and 6x10(-2) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), respectively. | Chemistry - An Asian Journal | 2,010 | 14 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2994256",
"name": "S. Chui"
},
{
"authorId": "114177764",
"name": "Kam-Hung Low"
},
{
"authorId": "41171652",
"name": "Jun Lu"
},
{
"authorId": "2188986",
"name": "V. Roy"
},
{
"authorId": "2148778139",
"name": "Sharon Lai-Fung Chan"
},
{
"authorId": "145430740",
"name": "C. Che"
}
] | null | null | 216 |
01304311c777011f18774bdbd00fef5ee4e2678b | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01304311c777011f18774bdbd00fef5ee4e2678b | Room-Temperature Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Monodisperse Transition Metal-Doped ZnO Nanocrystals | Recent verifications of intrinsic room-temperature (RT) ferromagnetism in transition metal doped-ZnO have increased its attractiveness as promising material for nanooptoelectronic and spintronics-based devices. A control over dopant speciation and the determination of the sizedependence of the properties at the nanoscale, become then indispensable. We present here the conditions for the roomtemperature synthesis in ethanol and characterization of bare, Mn- and Co-doped ZnO nanocrystals. The results evidenced the viability on producing highly monodisperse nanocrystals (5-8nm) with no need for any further thermal treatment. However, the formation of the ZnO structure was delayed when dopant ions co-existed with Zn in starting solutions; well-crystallized doped nanoparticles were produced only after their aging in mother liquors. SQUID measurements on doped nanocrystals evidenced a weak, though noticeable RT-ferromagnetism, or paramagnetism, depending on synthesis conditions. | 2,005 | 4 | null | [
{
"authorId": "1404138496",
"name": "A. Parra-Palomino"
},
{
"authorId": "1410538918",
"name": "O. Perales-Pérez"
},
{
"authorId": "1404176514",
"name": "A. Ruiz-Mendoza"
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{
"authorId": "152341248",
"name": "Surinder P. Singh"
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{
"authorId": "31081358",
"name": "M. Tomar"
}
] | null | null | 217 |
|
0130870c8212778a2b80e08f316fb3cb21fc0e76 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0130870c8212778a2b80e08f316fb3cb21fc0e76 | Morphology control of uniform CaMoO4 microarchitectures and development of white light emitting phosphors by Ln doping (Ln = Dy3+, Eu3+) | A very simple synthesis procedure based on precipitation reactions at moderate temperature (120 °C) from solutions containing calcium nitrate and sodium molybdate, using mixed solvents (polyols and water) has been developed, which produces uniform tetragonal CaMoO4 microarchitectures with different morphologies (peanuts, cocoons, spindles and spheres) composed of self-assembled entities. The morphology and crystal size of such assemblies could be tuned by a simple change of the nature of the components of the solvent mixture or their volumetric ratio in such a mixture. All particles presented similar excitation and emission spectra arising from a charge transfer process within the MoO42− groups. The emitted light presented a bluish-green color and its intensity was higher for the spindle-type particles. This synthesis procedure was also suitable for doping peanut-like CaMoO4 architectures with Eu3+ or Dy3+ cations up to a 1% molar ratio (Ln/Ln + Ca), without altering their morphology or crystalline structure. The so prepared phosphors emitted an intense red (Eu-doped) or greenish (Dy-doped) light when excited through the MoO42− group excitation band, indicating the presence of an energy transfer process from such groups to the Ln3+ cations. Finally, a white light emitting phosphor with chromaticity coordinates x = 0.335 and y = 0.365 and a correlated color temperature of 5407 K was developed by codoping peanut-type CaMoO4 particles with suitable amounts of Dy3+ (0.35%) and Eu3+ (0.15%) cations, which could find applications in white light emitting diodes. | 2,017 | 35 | {
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"url": "https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/156084/1/pdf%20del%20paper%20%20generado%20por%20la%20revista.pdf"
} | [
{
"authorId": "145019349",
"name": "M. Laguna"
},
{
"authorId": "38879261",
"name": "N. Núñez"
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{
"authorId": "10134463",
"name": "A. I. Becerro"
},
{
"authorId": "40649783",
"name": "M. Ocaña"
}
] | https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/156084/1/pdf%20del%20paper%20%20generado%20por%20la%20revista.pdf | digital.csic.es | 218 |
|
0130f8742b39bfded37ab3489b4a9e2f8111dab8 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0130f8742b39bfded37ab3489b4a9e2f8111dab8 | Synthesis of magnetic biochar for utilization in Fenton based process | Biochar is low-cost carbon rich material produced from biomass via various thermochemical processes under oxygen-limited conditions including pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, flash carbonization, and gasification. A number of studies have highlighted the benefits of using biochar in terms of energy production, soil amendment, waste management and greenhouse gas reduction (Tan et al., 2017). Moreover, recent researches on biochar are focusing on potential application of biochar such as the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from waste water and other recently developed application fields, such as fuel cell, supercapacitor, and hydrogen storage (Sun et al., 2016). Although biochar is a potential candidate to be used as an alternative carbon material, its practical applications are restricted due to limited functionality and efficiency. Therefore, various activating techniques should be applied such as chemical and physical activation, surface functional group change, metal oxides impregnation, functionalization in order to improve its application in different fields. The separation of biochar which requires filtration, centrifugation and other time consuming methods, is one of the main issue for application of biochar in wastewater treatment. In contrast, magnetic biochar is an efficient approach which can be easily separated from the aqueous solution by magnetic separating techniques. Adsorption of pollutants from wastewater via Fe based magnetic biochars has been reported in the literature (Park et al., 2018). After adsorption process, the necessity of desorption and decomposition step to recover the magnetic biochar lowers its economic advantages. Fenton process, an advanced oxidation process, have shown great potential for the treatment of wastewaters. Fenton process is based on oxidation of organic pollutants in wastewater by hydroxyl radicals generating by Fe catalysts. In literature, only limited studies have attempted to remove of organic compounds via Fenton process by using Fe based magnetic biochar (Park et al., 2018; Zhang et al. 2018; Gu et al., 2013, Rubeena et al., 2018). In this study, magnetic biochar was prepared from two phase olive oil mill wastes by impregnation method followed by pyrolysis at two different temperatures (500 oC and 700 oC). Magnetic biochars (MBC) were then applied for methylene blue (MB) degradation by Fenton reaction. FeSO4 and Red Mud (RM; as received, HCl treated and H2SO4 treated), which is a byproduct of aluminum company, were used as Fe source. The Fenton oxidation reactions were performed in a 250mL conical flask with a shaking speed of 150 rpm. 0.1 g of MBC was suspended in 100 mL of Methylene Blue (100 mg/L) aqueous solution. 0.2mL of the 3% H2O2 was added to initiate the degradation reaction. pH was adjusted to 3.0 with 10% HCl solution. Fe concentrations of MBC were found to be between 15% and 19%. All MBCs obtained by two different Fe sources showed magnetic properties. Results showed that the pyrolysis temperature, Fe source and acidic treatment of red mud had an influence of MBC activity. MM removal up to 91% was achieved in presence of MBC obtained with Red mud (HCl and H2SO4 treated) at 700 C. Increase in pyrolysis temperature led to improve the activity of MBC obtained with RM whereas adverse effect was observed in case of FeSO4. Biochar obtained from untreated RM showed very poor degradation efficiency. MM removal took place within 1 hour, further increases in reaction time did not result in considerable removal. For example, MBC from H2SO4 treated RM at pyrolysis temperature of 700 C (RMH2SO4-700) decomposed 85% of MM in 1 hour whereas removal of 95% MM was achieved at the end of 24 hour. | 2,019 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2004349289",
"name": "Gozde Tac"
},
{
"authorId": "6899589",
"name": "J. Yanık"
}
] | null | null | 219 |
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01328276914967f2262e7f2ccdc8be730187d105 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01328276914967f2262e7f2ccdc8be730187d105 | Encyclopedia of nanotechnology | Preface Nanostructured Polymers: Developments and Trends, Highlights and Shadows TiO2 Nanostructured Materials: Design, Characterization and Green Chemistry Applications Molecular Foundations for Onset Wear. A Review Application of Coordination Chemistry in the Fabrication of Inorganic Nanostructures 1-D Zinc Sulfide Nanostructures: Synthesis and Characterization Advance and Application Prospect of Dendrimers Thermodynamic and Kinetic Theories of Nanowire Growth Novel Manufacturing and Processing Technologies of Nanoporous Silicon MOVPE Growth of High Density InAs/InGaAs/InP Quantum Dots for Mid-Infrared Emission Self-Assembled Hierarchical Architectures by Liquid-Phase Pulsed Laser Ablation Nanoarchitectures by Bioinspired Techniques Preparation, Characterization and Thermal Properties of Nanofluids III-Nitride Nanowires Research Nanostructures Grown Via Electrochemical Template Methods: Synthesis, Measurements and Applications Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of Low-Dimensional Nanostructures Synthesis of Embedded Gold and AgAu & CuAu Alloy Nanoclusters in Soda-Lime Glass by Ion-Exchange: A Novel Route Investigation of P-type ZnO Obtained by RBQE Method Low-Dimensional ZnO Nanostructures: Design, Structures and Properties Structure and Opto-Electronic Behavior of Diamondoids, with Applications as MEMs and at the Nanoscale Level Three-Dimensional Controllable Submicron Gold Films: Sulfhydryl-Containing Molecular Assembly and Controllable Surface Plasmon Resonance and Electrocatalysis Properties Nanocrystalline Zinc Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Solution Deposition from a Zinc Naphthenate Precursor Fabrication of Core-Shell Structured Perovskite Nanoparticles with Heterogeneous Oxide Shells and their Ceramics Wear Dependent Frictional Properties of Alkanethiols Self-Assembled Films Preparation and Characterization of Nanoparticles and Nanocrystalline Bulks of Pure Rare-Earth Metals Refluxing Polyol Synthesis of Transition Metal Chalcogenides Nanocrystallites: A General Process Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Mechanical Behavior of Nanocrystals Carbon Nanotubes Based Electrochemical Sensors Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes using Novel Alloy Hydride Catalysts by Thermal CVD and their Energy-Related Applications Properties, Synthesis, Purification, and Integration of Carbon Nanotubes for the Electronic Device Applications Magnetic Field Enhanced Thermal Conductivity in Heat Transfer Nanofluids Containing Ni-Coated Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis and Investigation of Magnetic Properties of GD-Substituted Mn-Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles as a Potential Low Curie Temperature Agent for Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia Lipid Nanotubes as Scaffolds to Create Structured Inorganic Nanomaterials Multifunctional Reaction Platform Based on Carbon Nanotubes Super Carbon Nanotube: Its Concept, Geometric Conservation Laws and Mechanical Properties Improving Dielectric Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites through Nanoparticle Surface Modification Formation of Nanoparticles Under Laser Ablation of Solids in Liquids Carbon Nanoparticles as Substrates for Cell Adhesion and Growth Organic Shell-Inorganic Core Hybrid Nanoparticles with Advanced Functions Designed by Wet Process Highly Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized and Modified by PEG-b-Polyamine Nanoparticles and Quantum Dots as Biomolecule Labels for Electrochemical Biosensing Photoluminescence Behavior of Water-Soluble Thiol-Capped CdTe Quantum Dots in Living Cells Hybrid Nanoparticle Based on Silica Heat Transfer of Nanoparticle Suspensions (Nanofluids) Recent Developments in the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Nanoparticle Suspensions (Nanofluids) Research Enhancement and Temperature Variation in the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids Nanotechnology: Obtaining of Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites and Their Use in Food and Drug Packaging The Applications of Nanoparticles in Electrochemistry Polymeric Nanoparticles for Oral Delivery of Protein Drugs Fabrication of Micro/Nano-Composite Structures and Their Photovoltaic Behaviors Charge Separation and Transport in Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposites and its Applications in Photovoltaic Devices Polymeric Nanocomposites, Stabilized Organic Derivatives of Five-Valent Phosphorus Polymeric Silicate Nanocomposites Based on Organomodified Clays Fundamental Aspects of Filling of Nanocomposites with High-Elasticity Matrix: Fractal Models The Interrelation of Elasticity Modulus and Amorphous Chain's Tightness for Nanocomposites Based on the Polypropylene Thermal Degradation and Combustion of Polypropylene Nanocomposite Biomedical Application of Nanotechnology in Cancer Early Diagnosis Gold Nanorods: Synthesis, Optical Properties, Asembly and Bioapplications Nanotechnology Based Gas Sensors Index. | 2,009 | 1 | {
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{
"authorId": "2057899669",
"name": "Elwood D. Carlson"
}
] | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bfm%3A978-90-481-9751-4%2F1 | link.springer.com | 220 |
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0135bb11a547b53942f237cfdf9ed8ecda4d6f57 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0135bb11a547b53942f237cfdf9ed8ecda4d6f57 | Web-Based Synthesis of Robot Structures for Micro and Nano Manipulations | This paper describes how the web technologies are utilized for a robot system synthesis. A web application is created for automation of the synthesis of closed structures for micro- and nano-applications, utilizing the advantages tense piezo-actuators and closed robot kinematical structures. The algorithm, integrated into the developed web based application, offers a synthesis of robot kinematic chains without extensive knowledge in this domain. The aim is to facilitate synthesis of such kind of kinematic chains from specialists who will generate optimal solutions for automation and robotisation of the requested micro- and nano-process. | 2,009 | 1 | null | [
{
"authorId": "3292410",
"name": "D. Chakarov"
},
{
"authorId": null,
"name": "K. Kostadinov"
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{
"authorId": "13364012",
"name": "D. Gotseva"
},
{
"authorId": "2635968",
"name": "T. Tiankov"
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] | null | null | 221 |
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013b1a12bb82fe9d2424a67da32f7c42aed04a6e | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/013b1a12bb82fe9d2424a67da32f7c42aed04a6e | Optical, photocatalytic properties of novel CuS nanoplate‐based architectures synthesised by a solvothermal route | CuS architectures were successfully prepared by a simple solvothermal route without any surfactant, in which copper nitrate trihydrate and element sulfur were used as reactants. The products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The optical properties of CuS architectres were investigated by Raman spectrometer, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The results showed that the CuS architectures were hexagonal‐structured phase and composed of intersectional nanoplates. UV‐Vis absorption peaks of CuS architectures showed large blue shifts and PL spectrum exhibited a strong blue emission and a weak green emission. Photocatalytic activity of the CuS architectures was evaluated by measuring the decomposition rate of methylene blue solution under solar light. The CuS architectures show good photocatalytic activity. The effects of the molar ratio of Cu:S and the growth time on the synthesis of CuS crystalline were discussed and the growth mechanism of CuS nanoplate‐based architectures was also proposed. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) | 2,009 | 50 | {
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} | [
{
"authorId": "48003943",
"name": "Fei Li"
},
{
"authorId": "6058494",
"name": "Wentuan Bi"
},
{
"authorId": "2069631521",
"name": "Tao Kong"
},
{
"authorId": "2027602321",
"name": "Qinghua Qin"
}
] | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/crat.200800618 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | 222 |
|
013e1a54a455b124e8cca5b0550b5db26c6ff062 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/013e1a54a455b124e8cca5b0550b5db26c6ff062 | Part I: The Synthesis and Characterization of Scorpionate Ligands for Lanthanide Complexation for Potential PARACEST Applications. Part II: The Synthesis and the Characterization of New and Old Organic Dyes | Reported in Chapter 2 of this thesis is the reliable and tolerant synthesis of a small library of pyrazole and triazole heterocycles. This synthesis was achieved in two steps in good yields from the reaction of acetophenone and benzamide derivatives with dimethyl formamide-dimethyl acetal followed by a cyclization with hydrazine. Also reported is the synthesis and characterization of their corresponding scorpionate ligands. Preliminary co-ordination chemistry was done with a variety of lanthanide metals and was studied by standard spectroscopic methods as well as variable temperature 1H NMR, which revealed that Curie-Weiss behaviour was followed for these complexes in solution. An X-ray crystal structure of a nine co-ordinate ytterbium metal centre with eight nitrogen atom (four pyrazole, four pyridine) donors and one chloride atom was obtained, which may have been a product of decomposition during crystal growth. The bond lengths of this structure were compared with other lanthanide complexes of similar structural motifs. This comparison supported the theory of decomposition as the pyridine nitrogen atom-ytterbium bond lengths were longer than the average ytterbium-nitrogen atom bond length. Reported in Chapter 4 of this thesis is the synthesis and partial characterization of a new organic dye named perinaphthindigo. Perinaphthindigo was synthesized with adapted Baeyer-Drewson reaction conditions for the synthesis of indigo which involved the treatment of 1,8-nitronaphthaldehyde with acetone under basic conditions, and was found to be an intense green colour in solution. Perinaphthindigo was produced in poor yields, so efforts were undertaken to improve the yields through an alternative two-step synthesis, first between 1,8-nitronaphthaldehyde and nitromethane in a Henry reaction followed by oxidative coupling. The synthesis of perinaphindigo was adapted so as to structurally modify the final compound, either through incorporation of solubilizing tert-butyl groups or bromine atoms for future cross-coupling chemistry. The brominated derivatives of perinaphthindigo were also synthesized in low yields so cross-coupling conditions were scanned on model precursor compounds. The brominated perinaphthindigo compounds were found to have a bathochromically shifted absorbance maximum from the parent perinaphthindigo. This bathochromic shift was more pronounced in our compounds than in the comparison of indigo and 6.6’-dibromoindigo which indicates our compounds are more sensitive to perturbation by substitution. Reported in Chapter 5 of this thesis is the study of the acid and base chemistry of Nindigo, a previously reported compound. The treatment of Nindigo with a series of strong acids led to an interesting “protoisomerization”, or trans to cis isomerization of the central olefin, with ultimate structural determination through X-ray crystallographic methods. This isomerization was studied through absorbance stopped-flow methods which identified a probable pathway of the isomerization through a neutral, cis species. The investigation of neutral Nindigo was undertaken to attempt to identify two peaks which are red-shifted from the π-to-π transition at 586 nm. These two peaks appear at 657 nm and 741 nm and are present in all solvents. The preparative acid chemistry allowed us to assign the first red shifted peak at 657 nm to the cationic species. Aggregation studies showed concentration dependent behaviour of the ratio between the peaks at 586 nm and 657 nm with little effect on the species at 741 nm. In order to probe whether an autoionization process was occurring, variable temperature NMR and UV-Vis experiments were performed which did not provide a definitive answer to the species at 741 nm. | 2,015 | 0 | null | [
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/013ea79218ac04dd6856dc43875c5b5f62e861c5 | Irradiation induced fluorescence enhancement in PEGylated cyanine-based NIR nano- and mesoscale GUMBOS. | We report on the synthesis and characterization of a PEGylated IR786 GUMBOS (Group of Uniform Materials Based on Organic Salts). The synthesis of this material was accomplished using a three step protocol: (1) substitution of chloride on the cyclohexenyl ring in the heptamethine chain of IR786 by 6-aminohexanoic acid, (2) grafting of methoxy polyethylene glycol (MeOPEG) onto the 6-aminohexanoic acid via an esterification reaction, and (3) anion exchange between [PEG786][I] and lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiNTf(2)) or sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) in order to obtain PEG786 GUMBOS. Examination of spectroscopic data for this PEG786 GUMBOS indicates a large stokes shift (122 nm). It was observed that this PEG786 GUMBOS associates in aqueous solution to form nano- and mesoscale self-assemblies with sizes ranging from 100 to 220 nm. These nano- and mesoscale GUMBOS are also able to resist nonspecific binding to proteins. PEGylation of the original IR786 leads to reduced cytotoxicity. In addition, it was noted that anions, such as NTf(2) and AOT, play a significant role in improving the photostability of PEG786 GUMBOS. Irradiation-induced J-aggregation in [PEG786][NTf(2)] and to some extent in [PEG786][AOT] produced enhanced photostability. This observation was supported by use of both steady state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. | Langmuir | 2,012 | 34 | {
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{
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{
"authorId": "4637342",
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] | https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4172377?pdf=render | europepmc.org | 224 |
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/014413db12bff6a6623e0253a46c4b9cde51566c | Solution synthesis of nanoparticular binary transition metal antimonides. | The preparation of nanoengineered materials with controlled nanostructures, for example, with an anisotropic phase segregated structure or a regular periodicity rather than with a broad range of interparticle distances, has remained a synthetic challenge for intermetallics. Artificially structured materials, including multilayers, amorphous alloys, quasicrystals, metastable crystalline alloys, or granular metals, are mostly prepared using physical gas phase procedures. We report a novel, powerful solution-mediated approach for the formation of nanoparticular binary antimonides based on presynthesized antimony nanoparticles. The transition metal antimonides M-Sb (M = Co, Ni, Cu(2), Zn) were obtained with sizes ranging from 20 and 60 nm. Through careful control of the reaction conditions, single-phase nanoparticular antimonides were synthesized. The nanophases were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction and (high resolution) electron microscopy. The approach is based on activated metal nanoparticles as precursors for the synthesis of the intermetallic compounds. X-ray powder diffraction studies of reaction intermediates allowed monitoring of the reaction kinetics. The small particle size of the reactants ensures short diffusion paths, low activation barriers, and low reaction temperatures, thereby eliminating solid-solid diffusion as the rate-limiting step in conventional bulk-scale solid-state synthesis. | Inorganic Chemistry | 2,011 | 19 | null | [
{
"authorId": "11046019",
"name": "G. Kieslich"
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"authorId": "4972811",
"name": "Christina S. Birkel"
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"name": "U. Kolb"
},
{
"authorId": "5606111",
"name": "W. Tremel"
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014faeba205aa9380462842c5e92107544455f9d | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/014faeba205aa9380462842c5e92107544455f9d | Fluorinated bottlebrush polymers based on poly(trifluoroethyl methacrylate): synthesis and characterization | Bottlebrush polymers are densely grafted polymers with long side-chains attached to a linear polymeric backbone. Their unusual structures endow them with a number of unique and potentially useful properties in solution, in thin films, and in bulk. Despite the many studies of bottlebrushes that have been reported, the structure–property relationships for this class of materials are still poorly understood. In this contribution, we report the synthesis and characterization of fluorinated bottlebrush polymers based on poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate). The synthesis was achieved by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using an α-bromoisobutyryl bromide functionalized norbornene initiator, followed by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using a third generation Grubbs’ catalyst (G3). Rheological characterization revealed that the bottlebrush polymer backbones remained unentangled as indicated by the lack of a rubbery plateau in the modulus. By tuning the size of the backbone of the bottlebrush polymers, near-spherical and elongated particles representing single brush molecular morphologies were observed in a good solvent as evidenced by TEM imaging, suggesting a semi-flexible nature of their backbones in dilute solutions. Thin films of bottlebrush polymers exhibited noticeably higher static water contact angles as compared to that of the macromonomer reaching the hydrophobic regime, where little differences were observed between each bottlebrush polymer. Further investigation by AFM revealed that the surface of the macromonomer film was relatively smooth; in contrast, the surface of bottlebrush polymers displayed certain degrees of nano-scale roughness (Rq = 0.8–2.4 nm). The enhanced hydrophobicity of these bottlebrushes likely results from the preferential enrichment of the fluorine containing end groups at the periphery of the molecules and the film surface due to the side chain crowding effect. Our results provide key information towards the design of architecturally tailored fluorinated polymers with desirable properties. | 2,016 | 25 | null | [
{
"authorId": "9876888",
"name": "Yuewen Xu"
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{
"authorId": "47825578",
"name": "Weiyu Wang"
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{
"authorId": "40237238",
"name": "Yangyang Wang"
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{
"authorId": "2251672174",
"name": "Jiahua Zhu"
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{
"authorId": "13143855",
"name": "David M Uhrig"
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"authorId": "50084873",
"name": "Xinyi Lu"
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{
"authorId": "1944108",
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{
"authorId": "3552182",
"name": "J. Mays"
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{
"authorId": "3589672",
"name": "K. Hong"
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] | null | null | 226 |
|
01577983b941bef4012fcdb0b039128e31a0a11d | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01577983b941bef4012fcdb0b039128e31a0a11d | Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers Based on Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and Poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate): Synthesis and Micellar Characteristics | Amphiphilic diblock copolymers with various block compositions were synthesized on the basis of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOz) as a hydrophilic block and poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) as a hydrophobic block. Their aqueous solutions were characterized using fluorescence techniques and dynamic light scattering. The block copolymers formed micelles with critical micelle concentrations (cmc's) in the range 2.8−25 mg/L in an aqueous phase. As the length of the hydrophobic PTMC block became longer, lower cmc values were generated. The mean diameters of the micelles were in the range 199−210 nm, with a narrow distribution. The partition equilibrium constants (Kv) of pyrene in the micellar solutions of the block copolymers were 0.91 × 105−1.61 × 105. The Kv value increased as the length of the hydrophobic block increased. The steady-state fluorescence anisotropy values (r) of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) in PEtOz−PTMC solutions were 0.292−0.302. The anisotropy values were not significantly inf... | 2,000 | 77 | null | [
{
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"name": "Chulhee Kim"
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{
"authorId": "2152571847",
"name": "Sang Cheon Lee"
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{
"authorId": "48447481",
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"authorId": "115046305",
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{
"authorId": "145567322",
"name": "I. Kwon"
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{
"authorId": "144966482",
"name": "S. Jeong"
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|
015c5a60ecbba486d49efd0d547c892aa9860691 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/015c5a60ecbba486d49efd0d547c892aa9860691 | Synthesis and characterization of semiconductor tin oxide thin films on glass substrate by sol–gel technique | null | 2,009 | 16 | null | [
{
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{
"authorId": "24961021",
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"name": "M. Toparli"
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] | null | null | 228 |
|
015d4d066f290a0ccbfdfcf56004e59bac05baaa | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/015d4d066f290a0ccbfdfcf56004e59bac05baaa | Synthesis, Properties, and Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cell (LEEC) Device Fabrication of Cationic Ir(III) Complexes Bearing Electron-Withdrawing Groups on the Cyclometallating Ligands | The structure–property relationship study of a series of cationic Ir(III) complexes in the form of [Ir(C^N)2(dtBubpy)]PF6 [where dtBubpy = 4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine and C^N = cyclometallating ligand bearing an electron-withdrawing group (EWG) at C4 of the phenyl substituent, i.e., −CF3 (1), −OCF3 (2), −SCF3 (3), −SO2CF3 (4)] has been investigated. The physical and optoelectronic properties of the four complexes were comprehensively characterized, including by X-ray diffraction analysis. All the complexes exhibit quasireversible dtBubpy-based reductions from −1.29 to −1.34 V (vs SCE). The oxidation processes are likewise quasireversible (metal + C^N ligand) and are between 1.54 and 1.72 V (vs SCE). The relative oxidation potentials follow a general trend associated with the Hammett parameter (σ) of the EWGs. Surprisingly, complex 4 bearing the strongest EWG does not adhere to the expected Hammett behavior and was found to exhibit red-shifted absorption and emission maxima. Nevertheless, the concept of introducing EWGs was found to be generally useful in blue-shifting the emission maxima of the complexes (λem = 484–545 nm) compared to that of the prototype complex [Ir(ppy)2(dtBubpy)]PF6 (where ppy = 2-phenylpyridinato) (λem = 591 nm). The complexes were found to be bright emitters in solution at room temperature (ΦPL = 45–66%) with microsecond excited-state lifetimes (τe = 1.14–4.28 μs). The photophysical properties along with density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the emission of these complexes originates from mixed contributions from ligand-centered (LC) transitions and mixed metal-to-ligand and ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT/MLCT) transitions, depending on the EWG. In complexes 1, 3, and 4 the 3LC character is prominent over the mixed 3CT character, while in complex 2, the mixed 3CT character is much more pronounced, as demonstrated by DFT calculations and the observed positive solvatochromism effect. Due to the quasireversible nature of the oxidation and reduction waves, fabrication of light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs) using these complexes as emitters was possible with the LEECs showing moderate efficiencies. | Inorganic Chemistry | 2,016 | 35 | null | [
{
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"name": "Amlan K. Pal"
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{
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015dc960fec802c1cb5455b932ff7393c4aa462c | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/015dc960fec802c1cb5455b932ff7393c4aa462c | 1-(t-Butyldimethylsilyloxy) benzotriazole (TBDMS-OBt): A new and novel reagent for the synthesis of peptides | null | Letters in peptide science | 2,004 | 2 | null | [
{
"authorId": "12191697",
"name": "S. Tantry"
},
{
"authorId": "144020881",
"name": "V. V. Babu"
}
] | null | null | 230 |
0161b368b393225d93ff4ed643fc62e04c1708cc | {
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"name": "Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters",
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0161b368b393225d93ff4ed643fc62e04c1708cc | Controlling Interfacial Processes in Excitonic Nanoparticles. | H surface area-to-volume ratio is the defining characteristic of a nanostructure. In excitonic nanostructures, in particular, colloidal semiconductor quantum dots and rods, the size and composition of the nanocrystalline core determines the energy levels and spacings for states exclusively confined to the core, but the chemistry at the surface of the particle contributes states that may be scattered throughout the energetic landscape of the core. In some cases, these states are localized spatially at sites of incompletely coordinated ions of the semiconductor lattice. Such “defect” sites are thermodynamic traps for excitonic charge carriers if they lie within the excitonic band gap. In other cases, the coupling of the core lattice to a surface ligand creates states that are delocalized enough to change the degree of quantum confinement of excitons in the particle. The surface chemistry of the particle therefore influences both ground-state optical properties, like the band gap (and the ground-state absorption spectrum), and excited-state properties like exciton decay dynamics and the photoluminescence quantum yield. Relatively accessible physical models, such as variations on the “particle-in-a-box” model for quantum confinement and Marcus theory for localization of excitonic carriers in surface traps and interfacial electron transfer, give us a great deal of physical intuition about the ground-state electronic properties and excited-state dynamics of semiconductor nanostructures. In these systems, much of the complexity lies in the chemistry. Although we produce colloidal nanoparticles with wet chemical methods similar to those used in organic synthesis, unlike organic reactions, the product of nanocrystal synthesis is never homogeneous or “pure” on the atomic scale. Ensembles of nanocrystals, even after purification, are heterogeneous in the number of atoms per nanocrystal, the number and type of lattice defects, the coordination environments of surface atoms, and the number and binding modes of surface ligands. The field has made great progress in homogenizing samples along many of these dimensions and in developing analytical methods to characterize, quantitatively, the degree of heterogeneity in a property of interest. Single-particle spectroscopy has also aided in deconvoluting homogeneous and inhomogeneous contributions to the line widths of absorption and photoluminescence spectra and to complicated behaviors such as photoluminescence “blinking”. In the end, though, functional materials comprise ensembles of particles, and we must understand and control their collective behaviors with chemistry. Two Perspectives in this issue highlight the chemical tunability of semiconductor nanoparticles (and the performance of opto-electronic devices based on them) through two pathways, the chemical composition of the nanoparticle core and the surface chemistry. Stacey Bent and co-workers discuss the options for surface treatments of colloidal semiconductor particles in the context of nanostructured solar cells with all-inorganic light absorbers, including quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs), extremely thin absorber solar cells (ETASCs), and colloidal quantum dot solar cells (CQDSCs) (Roelofs, K. E.; Brennan, T. P.; Bent, S. F. Interface Engineering in Inorganic-Absorber Nanostructured Solar Cells. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 348− 360). Despite the high absorption coefficients and broad absorption spectra of quantized semiconductors, efficiencies of these types of cells remain low (below 9%), with the exception of the all-perovskite absorber thin film cell, which holds the record for this class of cells at 15.4%, mostly due to low internal quantum efficiencies (the fraction of absorbed photons that produce photocurrent). High rates of charge carrier recombination, promoted by the large interfacial surface area between electron carrying species and hole-carrying species inherent to the nanostructured architecture, are mostly to blame for low efficiencies. Bent proposes three general strategies for controlling the flux of charge carriers through nanostructured films, (i) use of self-assembled monolayers of molecular dipoles to encourage movement of charge across an interface in one direction and, in some cases, inhibit its return; (ii) exchange of native insulating ligands on nanoparticles with molecules that reduce interparticle tunneling distance and passivate thermodynamic traps for charge carriers on the surfaces of the particles; and (iii) use of inorganic interfacial layers to provide physical barriers to recombination, prevent chemical corrosion of the nanostructure, or alter interfacial band structure. The authors encourage the development of multiuse surface treatments that achieve more than one of these goals simultaneously. Kuwabata and co-workers explore the optoelectronic properties of materials based on chalcopyrite-type (I−III−VI2) nanoparticles (AgIn(S,Se)) (Torimoto, T.; Kameyama, T.; Kuwabata, S. Photofunctional Materials Fabricated with Chalcopyrite-Type Semiconductor Nanoparticles Composed of AgInS2 and Its Solid Solutions. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 336−347). These photoluminescent particles have low toxicity (relative to cadmium and lead chalcogenides), absorb from the ultraviolet to near-infrared regions of the spectrum with high absorption coefficients, and can be synthesized (with diameters of 3−6 nm) under milder conditions than those used for Cubased analogues. Postsynthesis, one can decrease the size of asprepared particles with photoetching in the presence of a complexing agent like NH3. The band gap and photoluminescence quantum yield of AgInS2 particles are tunable by “alloying” them with other semiconductors, for instance, “ZAIS” particles (precipitated from solid solutions of ZnS and AgInS2) or AgInyGa1−yS2 particles (precipitated from solid solutions of AgInS2 and AgGaS2). The use of these particles as functional materials requires treatment of their surfaces. Inorganic shelling is useful for improving the optical properties of the particles (as it is in the cadmium chalcogenide case); coating the particles with a ZnS shell removes surface defects and increases the quantum yield of photoluminescence up to | Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters | 2,014 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "5540429",
"name": "E. Weiss"
}
] | null | null | 231 |
016304d7cce6cd7e2a24599c24331aa19b64fb76 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/016304d7cce6cd7e2a24599c24331aa19b64fb76 | A Hyperbranched Polysilane-Based, Borane Cocatalyst for the Metallocene-Catalyzed Polymerization of Propylene | The synthesis of a vinyl-terminated, hyperbranched polysilane and the additional hydroboration with bis(pentafluorophenyl) borohydride are reported. Quantitative transformation was proved by 1H NMR and FT-IR analysis. The polymeric borane was tested as cocatalyst in the metallocene-catalyzed polymerization of propylene. The corresponding catalyst system comprising rac-[1-(9-η5-fluorenyl)-2-(5,6-cyclopenta-2-methyl-1-η5-indenyl)ethane]zirconocene dichloride and the polymeric borane was activated in situ in the presence of triisobutylaluminum (TIBA). Polymerizations were performed at temperatures of 30 and 50 °C with a propylene concentration of 3 mol/L in toluene solution using various cocatalyst:catalyst ratios (10:1, 50:1, and 100:1). This polymer-supported catalyst system produces polypropylenes with excellent activities and good molecular weights. These results were compared with an additional set of polymerization experiments using molecular dispersed B(C6F5)3 as cocatalyst, resulting in significantly... | 2,004 | 19 | null | [
{
"authorId": "3477749",
"name": "M. Schlögl"
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{
"authorId": "2096239992",
"name": "Silke Riethmueller"
},
{
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"name": "C. Troll"
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{
"authorId": "143672326",
"name": "M. Möller"
},
{
"authorId": "1715077",
"name": "B. Rieger"
}
] | null | null | 232 |
|
016313e8062fda358f60e5d3ea63b369530396bf | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/016313e8062fda358f60e5d3ea63b369530396bf | Low Charge-Density Amphoteric Copolymers and Terpolymers With pH- and Salt-Responsive Behavior In Aqueous Media | Design, synthesis, and characterization of series of model low-charge density amphoteric terpolymers containing sodium 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutanoate (NaAMB) and its valine based isomer, N-acryloyl-valine (VAL), are discussed. Stimuli-responsive aqueous solution properties are examined as a function of pH and salt concentration utilizing NMR, viscometry, and aqueous SEC-MALLS techniques. | 2,006 | 1 | null | [
{
"authorId": "86896977",
"name": "Ryan G. Ezell"
},
{
"authorId": "11575087",
"name": "Michael J. Fevola"
},
{
"authorId": "144766020",
"name": "C. McCormick"
}
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|
01639f5455d43734fd96df4aad4ca012c45d4572 | {
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"name": "Journal of cluster science",
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01639f5455d43734fd96df4aad4ca012c45d4572 | A One Dimensional 3d–4f Heterometallic Chain Based on Gd3+ Nodes and Tetranuclear {Cr4(hdpta)2} Complex Ligands: Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties | null | Journal of cluster science | 2,016 | 5 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2107985068",
"name": "Shuqin Liu"
},
{
"authorId": "153543857",
"name": "C. Dong"
},
{
"authorId": "2112151865",
"name": "He Zhao"
},
{
"authorId": "2178836148",
"name": "Hui Zhang"
},
{
"authorId": "71031787",
"name": "Jun Ni"
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{
"authorId": "2111038734",
"name": "Xiao-yu Liu"
},
{
"authorId": "117671189",
"name": "Jianjun Zhang"
}
] | null | null | 234 |
0163a74bc46f43e9ac2d154eab2014cb88b1e4af | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0163a74bc46f43e9ac2d154eab2014cb88b1e4af | Synthesis , Characterization , Antimicrobial and Corrosion Inhibition Evaluation of Onno-Chelating Schiff Base Ligand and its Metal Complexes | A schiff base, (2E)-2-((5-((E)-(2-hydroxyphenylimino) methyl) thiophene-2-yl) methyl eneamino) phenol (L) and its metal complexes were synthesized and characterized via elemental analysis, Molar conductance, Magnetic susceptibility, TGA, IR, UV-Vis, H-NMR, MS-EI and EPR spectral data. Elemental analyses together with metal estimation confirmed a 1:1 [L]:[metal] ratio of the complexes. IR and electronic absorption spectra showed that the ligand coordinated with metal ions through azomethine-N and phenolic-O. Based on the spectral and analytical data, geometry of each complex was proposed. The schiff base and its metal complexes were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, A.hydrophila, C. albicans and C. krusei. With the exception against C. krusei, higher activities were exhibited upon coordination of the ligand with metal ions. Corrosion inhibition of the compounds was also evaluated using weight loss method in a 0.1MHCl solution for mild steel. It was found that the compounds had a promising inhibitory action against corrosion of mild steel. | 2,016 | 1 | null | [
{
"authorId": "93938604",
"name": "Y. B. Zemede"
},
{
"authorId": "2028369971",
"name": "Anand Kumar"
}
] | null | null | 235 |
|
01651fd5f0b1cf43de8149fafc6f8a21f78573d4 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01651fd5f0b1cf43de8149fafc6f8a21f78573d4 | Cyclometallated platinum and palladium complexes with N^C^N-coordinating terdentate ligands : synthesis, luminescence and catalytic properties | A series of cyclometallated platinum and palladium(lI) complexes based on the NACAN coordinating terdentate ligand 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzene, HL 1, have shown that cyclometalation at C2 of the central ring affords many advantages to square-planar d8-metal complexes. The cyclometalating bond is notably shorter than that observed in many related cyclometallated complexes, e.g. 6phenyl-2,2'-bipyridine platinum/palladium(lI) chloride and 2-phenylpyridine derivatives. The luminescent properties of the complexes reported herein have been investigated. All complexes are intensely luminescent, in their own right, with quantum yields of luminescence significantly higher than those reported for related complexes. In the solid-state and at high concentrations, intermolecular interactions create new emissive species, such as self-quenching accompanied by excimeric emission observed in solution, Aem == 700 nm, and multi-centred excited-states in solid samples, Aem = 610-700 nm. Modification of both NACAN and ancillary ligands is shown to manipulate the electronic properties of the d_ metal complexes. Excited-state emission energies have been tuned from 469 nm (blue), L26PtCI, to 588 nm (red), L 16PtCI, in the platinum(lI) complexes, and from 466 nm (blue), L 1PdCI, to 530 nm (orange), L 16PdCI, in the palladium complexes. Incorporation of steric incumberance into the ligands can attenuate the excimer emission compared to L 1 PtCI. Electron-rich pendant ligands encourage the accessibility of charge-transfer excited-states, which adds to the diversity of the photophysical properties, but when coupled with functional groups can give rise to potential in sensory applications. The high quantum yields and special oxygen sensitivity of the platinum complexes have allowed their incorporation into optoelectronic devices. The palladium complexes are of particular interest owing to the limited attention previously paid to palladium complexes as emissive species, particularly, excimeric behaviour is even rarer. Additionally, the electronic tuning which is manifested in the luminescent properties of these complexes has allowed studies into catalytic behaviour of these complexes, revealing some surprising results relating activity to structure. | 2,007 | 2 | null | [
{
"authorId": "48583385",
"name": "D. L. Rochester"
}
] | null | null | 236 |
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0165b4c6698f96182bf38cbbadf34cfb80f28062 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0165b4c6698f96182bf38cbbadf34cfb80f28062 | Shape controlled synthesis of dextran sulfate stabalized silver nanoparticles: biocompatibility and anticancer activity | Three Dimensional button, flower and sphere shaped microstructure of silver nanoparticles dispersed in dextran sulfate matrix were synthesized using silver nitrate, trisodium citrate and dextran sulfate. Three different amount of dextran sulfate (2 drops, 10 drops and 15 drops) were added to each 10 ml of silver nanoparticles to make three different solution mixtures, which was then subjected to different characterization techniques. The XRD study of flower shaped dextran sulfate stabilized silver nanoparticles showed a diffraction pattern corresponding to face centered cubic structure of Ag crystals. The FESEM image shows a well defined three dimensional button shaped microstructure for 2 drops of dextran sulfate, flower shaped microstructure for 10 drops of dextran sulfate and sphere shaped microstructure for 15 drops of dextran sulfate. Based on the morphological structure of the synthesized nanoparticle the absorption property was discussed, the absorption band varied from 429 nm to 434 nm. The nanoparticles prepared using dextran sulfate of high concentration (15 drops) shows a blue shift in absorbance spectra, indicating smaller size of AgNPs with high absorbance property. The results reveal that the surface morphology affects the absorption behavior of the nanoparticles. The results of cytotoxicity assay against human vero cell lines revealed that flower shaped dextran stabilized AgNPs shows ≥ 90% cell viability indicating the biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. The In-vitro anticancer activity of the synthesized Ag-DS nanoparticles against human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, was studied. The results of the present study indicated that the Ag-DS nanoparticles can be a potent anticancer agent. | Materials Research Express | 2,019 | 7 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2188518482",
"name": "Sharmila C"
},
{
"authorId": "2331039604",
"name": "Prabhavathi V"
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{
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"name": "D. M"
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{
"authorId": "2105984948",
"name": "R. R"
},
{
"authorId": "2240242025",
"name": "Chandar Shekar B"
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016ac504e68cca3de82c18646bb5d67959c4bff7 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/016ac504e68cca3de82c18646bb5d67959c4bff7 | Photocatalytic Nanoheterostructures and Chemically Bonded Junctions Made by Solution-Based Approaches | Abstract While single compound semiconductors were initially used for photocatalysis, combining two compounds to form a heterojunction significantly increases the photocatalysis performance. This review will outline how heterojunctions are superior, explain the different heterostructure architectures assembled from nanoparticles, and discuss the importance of achieving a large and quality contact in the junction, the heterojunction. Reference is made to methods for increasing the charge carrier performance and reducing recombination. Solution-based synthesis approaches, have been selected as the preferred route of manufacture, for the low cost scalability, and ability to combine a larger number of compounds. The main objective of this review article is to provide insight to the range of chemical solution-based methods for forming chemically bonded junction in nanoheterostructures for photocatalysis. Methods include chemical precipitation, impregnation, chemical bath deposition, hot injection, solvothermal, photo-deposition, electrochemical deposition, cation exchange and linker assisted assembly. The synthesis of different photocatalysts is addressed for each synthesis method. Solution synthesis is offered for coupling oxide semiconductors (i.e. TiO2, ZnO, WO3, Fe2O3, BiVO4) with other oxides or metal chalcogenide quantum dots or metallic plasmonic nanoparticles. | Critical reviews in solid state and materials sciences | 2,018 | 15 | null | [
{
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{
"authorId": "6850740",
"name": "M. Järvekülg"
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{
"authorId": "40509557",
"name": "K. Gross"
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016afb29007917a3d31f52fa52e3c69c9f687dbd | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/016afb29007917a3d31f52fa52e3c69c9f687dbd | Synthesis and biological evaluation of some new pyrimidines via a novel chalcone series | In the present investigation ethyl 2-(4-carboxyphenylazo)acetoacetate 1 on condensation with various aromatic aldehydes in ethanolic NaOH solution yielded the corresponding chalcones 2a-j. These chalcones were further reacted with urea in the presence of base in ethanol, which led to the formation of pyrimidine derivatives 3a-j. The newly synthesized heterocyles were characterized on the basis of their chemical properties and spectroscopic data. All newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimycobacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. | 2,008 | 59 | {
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016c6cd30442ac2f594c81f2a8497843115c9daa | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/016c6cd30442ac2f594c81f2a8497843115c9daa | Synthesis of Porous LiFePO4/C Composites using LiFePO4 Self-template Prepared by Hydrothermal Process | LiFePO4 with an ordered olivine structure has been recognized as a prospective cathode material for advanced Li-ion batteries due to its excellent thermal and structural stability, low cost of starting materials, high reversibility of Li insertion-extraction, and no toxicity. In spite of many merits of LiFePO4, its practical application has suffered from the inherently poor kinetic property caused by low electric and ionic transfer (σe = 10 S cm, DLi+ = 10 cm s at R.T.) in the LiFePO4 lattice structure. Recently, a marvelous improvement in the kinetic property of LiFePO4 has been accomplished by reducing its particle size to the nano-level, whereas, it inevitably leads to the loss of energy density of LiFePO4. The packing density of LiFePO4 electrode decreases as the particle size decreases, and the mass fraction of bulky (Carbon: 2.2 g/cm, LFP, 3.6 g/cm) and inactive conducting carbon increases to entirely cover the large surface area of LiFePO4 nano-particles . Porous LiFePO4/C composites with their average particle size of about 10 μm were synthesized by a new process involving a growth technology using LiFePO4 nano-crystals prepared by hydrothermal process. The morphology of the porous LiFePO4/C composite is shown in Fig.1. Effects of synthetic routes (solution-based, hydrothermal, the new process proposed in this study) on the structure and electrochemical performances of the LiFePO4/C composites were examined. It was observed that the cyclic retention property of the porous LiFePO4/C composite was superior to those of LiFePO4 prepared by either the hydrothermal or by the solution-based process (Fig. 2). It appears that the superior kinetic properties of the porous LiFePO4/C results from the large reaction sites for Li-ions and short Lidiffusion length in the porous structure. The detailed discussion to verify how the LiFePO4/C synthesized by the new process exhibits the excellent electrochemical properties will be presented in detail. | 2,010 | 0 | {
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] | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/MA2010-03/1/392/pdf | iopscience.iop.org | 240 |
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016f3dc2a19f27fb1ea1d57b8590902c8b5234d9 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/016f3dc2a19f27fb1ea1d57b8590902c8b5234d9 | Silicon-based anti-reflective spin-on hardmask materials with improved storage stability for 193-nm lithography | As the feature sizes of integrated circuits shrink, thinner photoresist coating should be used in order to avoid high aspect ratio which can cause pattern collapse. Especially for 193 nm lithography, photoresist coating is too thin to subsequent etching step. One of the solutions to this problem is using hardmasks which have good etch selectivity to adjacent layers. In this paper, silicon-based anti-reflective spin-on hardmasks (Si-SOH) are described. One of the major problems of silicon based polymers in the hardmask compositions is poor storage stability because silanol group is reactive enough to condense each other, which can instigate molecular weight increase to yield gel-type particles. The storage stability of our hardmask materials have been improved by thermodynamically controlled synthesis and reactive mask strategy. Especially the reactive masked silanol groups can take part in crosslinking reaction under the process conditions without additional deprotection step. Although this strategy could encounter intermixing problems with other layers, we can produce silicon-based hardmasks without any deleterious effects. These hardmasks show antireflective properties and great etch selectivity to both photoresists and organic hardmasks (C-SOH). | SPIE Advanced Lithography | 2,007 | 8 | null | [
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"authorId": "93775921",
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] | null | null | 241 |
016f583ecbe628a6b03cef10597eb4ac75c6e253 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/016f583ecbe628a6b03cef10597eb4ac75c6e253 | Stability Map for Ammonia Synthesis Reactors | Ammonia is one of the inorganic chemicals with the highest production rate in the world. This is explained by a wide range use of ammonia. Around 80 % of the produced ammonia is used for fertilizing agricultural crops. Aqueous ammonia solution is used in pharmaceuticals. Also, ammonia is used as a refrigerant and for the production of explosives. Safety and optimization of the ammonia synthesis process is an important industrial question, which was studied before and different approaches were used. Since most of the research on this topic is focused on a stability analysis of the process in the steady state, there was a need to develop a dynamic model. A simple dynamic model was developed by Morud and Skogestad and they showed the steady-state van Heerden analysis to be inadequate in their work [1]. In the work [2] the importance of the dynamic process simulation is shown on the example of the ammonia synthesis process. Going further in this topic, we develop the basis for a synthesis reactor monitoring tool that can be used to identify the "distance/margin to instability" with respect to current load, pressure and temperature. For this purpose, we develop a simple dynamic model of the synthesis process in the reactor using the equation of state for the ideal gas. A dynamic model is a convenient way to examine and analyze the process without the need for the actual testing in a real plant. In this paper, we discuss the stability of the ammonia synthesis process based on developed dynamic model. | 2,014 | 4 | null | [
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"name": "A. Mjaavatten"
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016f6a85a09f3f9f4a2ed364f5825c364719f71c | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/016f6a85a09f3f9f4a2ed364f5825c364719f71c | Advanced Functionalization of Polyethylene via Catalyzed Chain Growth: Tailored Surfaces and Cationic End-Groups | Well-defined, end-functional polyethylene (PE) was synthesized in a catalyzed chain growth (CCG) polymerization and applied in novel synthetic routes for PE modified surfaces as well as in the manufacturing of multifunctional charged PE.
Polyethylene was covalently attached to the surface of prefunctionalized wood particles via different coupling reactions. Amine and azide end-functional polyethylene was grafted onto the surface via an amide-coupling or [3+2]-cycloaddition, respectively. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy of treated wood particles confirmed their successful modification. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed the formation of a crystalline polyethylene layer with a decreased melting temperature range compared to non-bound PE. The decomposition temperature of PE modified wood shows combined characteristics of both components examined by thermogravimetric analysis TGA. Caused by the permanent attachment of polyethylene, a strong enhancement of the surface’s hydrophobicity was achieved and validated by water contact angle (WCA) measurements and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) analysis. Based on the developed strategies, surface modifications of silica nanoparticles were performed. TGA and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis confirmed the successful modification, further underlining the versatility of the designed system.
A novel route for the fabrication of polyethylene grafted gold- and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs and AgNPs) was developed by an efficient ligand exchange procedure using trithiocarbonate and thiol end-functional PE. DLS analysis revealed a strong increase in the hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles caused by the strongly attached polyethylene-shell. The stability of the grafted nanoparticles over a wide temperature and time range was confirmed by DLS and UV-vis analysis. A perfect separation of the formed polyethylene-nanoparticle hybrids was observed and vali-
dated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, these hybrid materials were well dispersible into a PE matrix even at high particle contents. Polyethylene capped AuNPs and AgNPs exhibited a reversible temperature-dependent aggregation/disaggregation behaviour, entirely attributed to the critical solution temperature of the attached polyethylene layer. The complete reversibility and the corresponding critical disaggregation temperature were confirmed by UV-vis analysis, demonstrating polyethylene’s potential as thermoresponsive polymer. The investigated approach was subsequently transferred to palladium nanocrystals to further expand the field of polyethylene-noble metal nanohybrids.
The synthesis of charged end-functional polyethylene was performed based on iodo terminated PE in combination with an efficient nucleophilic substitution using various amines. The introduction of a permanent cationic end-group enables matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionisation (ESI) mass spectrometry of the investigated compounds, extending the field of PE end-group characterization via mass spectrometry. Mass spectra with excellent signal-to-noise ratios were obtained without the addition of any auxiliary metal salt. Caused by the introduction of an additional hydroxyl group, further transformation reactions on charged polyethylene were conducted. For this purpose, an alkyl-bromide moiety was introduced, resulting in a PE-based charged macroinitiator which was applied in a controlled radical polymerization, leading to the formation of a block copolymer. Moreover, the developed charged end-functional PE was applied in phase transfer catalysis. The results obtained by NMR spectroscopy revealed similar or superior activities compared to well-established phase transfer catalysts. In addition, the PE-based catalyst was completely recovered by simple filtration due to the solution properties of PE. Based on the phase transfer properties, an anionic dye could be introduced efficiently into cationic polyethylene. Caused by strong ion-ion interactions, the designed material showed an excellent solvent resistance without observing any migration of the incorporated compound. | 2,019 | 0 | null | [
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0173145a539c6dc47ec01835015b156f686045b3 | Meso-Crystallographic Study of a Three-Dimensional Self-Assembled Bimodal Nanocrystal Superlattice | Nanocrystal superlattices are attracting significant interest due to novel and peculiar collective properties arising from the interactions of the nanocrystals forming the superlattice. A large variety of superlattice structures can be obtained, involving one or more types of nanocrystals, with different sizes and concentrations. Engineering of the superlattice properties relies on accurate structural and morphological characterization, able to provide not only a fundamental feedback for synthesis procedures, but also relevant insight into their structural properties for possible applications. Electron microscopy and X-ray based techniques are complementary approaches for nanoscale structural imaging, which however become challenging in the presence of building blocks only a few nanometers in size. Here, a structure solution for a three-dimensional (3D) self-assembly of PbS nanocrystals with bimodal size distribution is obtained, by exploiting small-angle X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscop... | 2,012 | 7 | null | [
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0173d13849ab3273725a3f2971126a1c627b1171 | The enhancement of the D–A effect of an asymmetric Schiff base by introducing acetyl groups into diaminomaleonitrile: synthesis, red fluorescence and crystal structure | An asymmetrical salen-type organic ligand was designed and synthesized by a new strategy developed using a precursor Ac-DMN, which is a diaminomaleonitrile (DMN) incorporated with an acetyl group. In this study, two types of asymmetrical ligands, namely Ac-DMN-salicylaldehyde (L0) and Ac-DMN-4-N,N-diethyl-salicylaldehyde (L1), and their Zn(ii) coordination complexes were studied. With the electron-pushing substituent, L1 showed interesting photoluminescence behaviour distinct from that of L0. In a THF solution, the maximum fluorescence emission of L1 red-shifted to 90 nm compared with that of L0. Furthermore, in a THF–H2O solution, L1 exhibited aggregation-induced emission (AIE), but L0 exhibited aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). Upon coordination with Zn(ii), the maximum emission wavelengths in THF for both the ligands were red-shifted to 100 nm and 105 nm, respectively. The crystalline solid-state photoluminescence properties were studied based on the single-crystal structural analysis. | RSC Advances | 2,019 | 6 | {
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{
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{
"authorId": "116816871",
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] | https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2019/ra/c9ra00977a | pubs.rsc.org | 245 |
01744be88a0fd2fa17dc28dc31cce2ea49693723 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01744be88a0fd2fa17dc28dc31cce2ea49693723 | New, organo‐soluble, thermally stable aromatic polyimides and poly(amide‐imide) based on 2‐[5‐(3,5‐dinitrophenyl)‐1,3, 4‐oxadiazole‐2‐yl]pyridine | New, thermally stable polyimides and a poly(amide-imide) containing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-pyridyl pendant group based on 2-[5-(3,5-diaminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]pyridine were synthesized. The synthesis and characterization of the model compound 2-{5-[(3,5-bistrimellitimido)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl}pyridine (DIDA) were also investigated, and DIDA was used in the preparation of the poly(amide-imide) in an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, as a polymerization solvent. The polymers were characterized by separating and characterizing the poly(amic acid) intermediates using infrared and elemental analyses. The prepared polymers were soluble in polar and aprotic solvents, such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethylacetamide. Thermal behaviour of the polymers was studied using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The inherent viscosities of the polyimide and poly(amide-imide) solutions were in the range 0.34–0.85 dL g−1 (in concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 0.125 g dL−1 at 25 ± 0.5 °C). The removal of Co(II) from aqueous solutions was performed using one of the polyimides. It was found that this polymer had a maximum adsorption capacity and efficiency at pH = 10.0. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry | 2,012 | 18 | null | [
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0174a23229585170c4d1d036c885e199b98eda31 | Lac-l-TTA, a novel lactose-based amino acid–sugar conjugate for anti-metastatic applications | null | Amino Acids | 2,017 | 8 | null | [
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{
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0175a1c8faa44b07a517ecfc718569c856dc5aa2 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0175a1c8faa44b07a517ecfc718569c856dc5aa2 | SHS Powder Materials for Protective Coatings in Power Industry |
This article investigates composite powder materials based on double chromium and titanium carbides with nickel-chromium binder produced using self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. It focuses on the hypersonic velocity oxygen fuel coatings from the synthesized powders. Laboratory tests were focused on the solid particle erosion which occur in energy production systems such as fluidized bed combustors, advanced pulverized cool boilers, and entrained coal gasifiers. Tests were conducted at elevated temperature in a blast nozzle type of tester using bed or fly ashes retrieved from the operating CFB boilers. It was observed that, when adjusting carbide phase composition and chromium content in titanium carbide solid solution, one can control the oxidation kinetic and wear resistance of the material. Fine-grained structure and high cohesion strength of the composite materials formed during synthesis provide their excellent elevated temperature erosion performance in a wide range of test conditions. | International Thermal Spray Conference | 2,001 | 0 | null | [
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"name": "A. Beijaev"
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{
"authorId": "52634311",
"name": "T. Talako"
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0177eb2bc825b4c88beb95ed0b21cf06ca7e70b0 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0177eb2bc825b4c88beb95ed0b21cf06ca7e70b0 | Deposition of metallic glass coatings by electrospark processing in the medium of granules of Fe39Ni8Cr7W7Mo7Co2C16B14 composition | The article is devoted to the deposition of FeNiCrWMoCoCB coatings on the basis of metallic glasses on a steel 35 substrate by an electrospark treatment in a medium of granules of pure metals and alloys used as electrode materials. X-ray diffraction studies have shown the predominance of the amorphous phase in the coating composition. It is shown that its fraction increases with an increase in the run-in time of the granules mixture used up to 300 min. According to the X-ray data, during annealing, the amorphous phase persists up to the temperature of 600°C and then crystallizes into the phase of a complex iron-based carbide (Cr,Fe,W,Mo)23Fe12(W,Mo)2C12 . The corrosion properties, microhardness and wear resistance of the coatings obtained are studied. Polarization tests in a 3.5 % aqueous NaCl solution showed an increase in the corrosion potential of the coatings with an increase in the run-in time of the granules used. A completely metallic glass coating showed a lower corrosion current and a higher polarization resistance as compared to steel 35. The study of oxidation kinetics has shown that the use of the FeNiCrWMoCoCB coating on steel 35 increases the resistance of its surface to high-temperature gas corrosion by 16 times in 100 hours of testing at a temperature of 700°C. The microhardness of the deposited layers was about 8 GPa that is 4 times higher than that of non-coated steel 35. The wear resistance of the deposited FeNiCrWMoCoCB coatings to dry sliding friction relative to P6M5 steel showed that its wear for 30 km of the test was almost 2 times lower than that of steel 35. The proposed approach opens the possibility for a one-stage synthesis of metallic glasses in the form of coatings in an automatic mode from individual crystalline components. | 2,017 | 2 | null | [
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] | null | null | 249 |
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017b58a950b55ae15990f186c96321b9f3b78bbf | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/017b58a950b55ae15990f186c96321b9f3b78bbf | Synthesis of stable cesium superoxide nanoparticles for gas sensing application by solution-processed spray pyrolysis method | null | Applied Nanoscience | 2,017 | 7 | {
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"name": "Sandeep A. Waghuley"
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] | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13204-017-0619-2.pdf | link.springer.com | 250 |
017d65a833d431fb6dd338d0ac3a3996dae4e531 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/017d65a833d431fb6dd338d0ac3a3996dae4e531 | Synthesis and properties of light-emitting Si-based nanostructures | The concept of silicon-based optoelectronics has attracted much scientific and technological interests over the past decade. The vision of Si-based optoelectronics is based on integration of Si-based photonic components, in which light can be generated, waveguided, modulated, amplified, and detected, with the advanced Si electronics onto the same Si substrate to make monolithically integrated Si-based optoelectronic circuits. The main driving force for development of Si-based optical components comes from unsurpassed qualities of Si as the substrate material on which the electronic components rest: superior native oxide as well as excellent thermal, mechanical, and economic properties. Despite superior substrate properties, the field still remains a frontier at large. The main technological limitation comes from the lack of materials for efficient Si-based light sources such as Si-based lasers and light-emitting devices.
Two novel Si-based nanostructures are studied for potential application as visible and infrared light sources: ion-beam synthesized Ge and Si nanocrystals in SiO_2 and coherently strained quantum well and quantum dots based on the Si-Sn system grown by molecular beam epitaxy.
The study of Ge and Si nanocrystals is motivated by the prediction that quantum confinement of carriers leads to efficient luminescence despite the indirect nature of the energy gaps. Ge and Si nanocrystals in thermal SiO_2 films are synthesized via precipitation from a supersaturated solid solution of Ge and Si in SiO_2 made by Ge^+ and Si^+ ion implantation. The precipitation of nanocrystals occurs upon thermal annealing in vacuum. It is demonstrated that the SiO_2films containing Ge nanocrystals only exhibit defect-related luminescence and that the Ge nanocrystals do not exhibit luminescence from quantum-confined excitons due to the poor nanocrystal/SiO_2 interface. The visible luminescence from SiO_2 films containing Si nanocrystals, on the other hand, is unambiguously demonstrated to be originating from quantum-confined excitons in Si nanocrystals, based on systematic photoluminescence and photoluminescence decay rate measurements. In agreement with the predictions of the theory of quantum confinement, the peak energy of visible photoluminescence from Si nanocrystals can be continuously tuned throughout most of the visible spectrum by controlling the size distribution of the nanocrystals.
The growth of nanostructures based on the Si-Sn system by molecular beam epitaxy is motivated by the fact that diamond cubic α-Sn is a zero band gap semiconductor and that band structure calculations predict a direct and tunable energy gap for Sn-rich Sn_(x)Si_(1-x) alloy system. However, the large lattice mismatch (19%) and severe segregation of Sn to the surface during growth prevent growth of Sn-rich Sn_(x)Si_(1-x) films by ordinary thermal molecular beam epitaxy. The growth of pseudomorphic Sn/Si and Sn_(x)Si_(1-x)/Si heterostructures is demonstrated via a modified molecular beam epitaxy technique employing temperature and growth rate modulations. The growth of pseudomorphic single quantum well structures as well as superlatttice structures is demonstrated. In addition, a novel route for synthesis of coherent Sn-rich Sn_(x)Si_(1-x) quantum dots in Si matrix is presented. Due to chemical instability of the Si-Sn mixture, Stranski-Krastonow growth of coherently strained Sn-rich Sn_(x)Si_(1-x) quantum dot structures using conventional molecular beam epitaxy techniques is very difficult. The novel technique involves phase separation of Sn-rich Sn_(x)Si_(1-x) quantum dots at elevated temperatures from an epitaxially stabilized homogeneous Sn_(x)Si_(1-x)/Si metastable solid solution grown by low temperature molecular beam epitaxy. The dots have been verified to be completely coherent with the surrounding Si matrix by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. | 2,000 | 3 | null | [
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"name": "K. S. Min"
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] | null | null | 251 |
|
018232f6abdc2b9b34260ef3ad18d7da40ecbcd8 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/018232f6abdc2b9b34260ef3ad18d7da40ecbcd8 | New class of single-source precursors for the synthesis of main group-transition metal oxides: heterobimetallic Pb-Mn beta-diketonates. | Heterometallic lead-manganese beta-diketonates have been isolated in pure form by several synthetic methods that include solid-state and solution techniques. Two compounds with different Pb/Mn ratios, PbMn(2)(hfac)(6) (1) and PbMn(hfac)(4) (2) (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate), can be obtained in quantitative yield by using different starting materials. Single crystal X-ray investigation revealed that the solid-state structure of 1 contains trinuclear molecules in which lead metal center is sandwiched between two [Mn(hfac)(3)] units, while 2 consists of infinite chains of alternating [Pb(hfac)(2)] and [Mn(hfac)(2)] fragments. The heterometallic structures are held together by strong Lewis acid-base interactions between metal atoms and diketonate ligands acting in chelating-bridging fashion. Spectroscopic investigation confirmed the retention of heterometallic structures in solutions of non-coordinating solvents as well as upon sublimation-deposition procedure. Thermal decomposition of heterometallic diketonates has been systematically investigated in a wide range of temperatures and annealing times. For the first time, it has been shown that thermal decomposition of heterometallic diketonates results in mixed-metal oxides, while both the structure of precursors and the thermolysis conditions have a significant influence on the nature of the resulting oxides. Five different Pb-Mn oxides have been detected by X-ray powder diffraction when studying the decomposition of 1 and 2 in the temperature range 500-800 degrees C. The phase that has been previously reported as "Pb(0.43)MnO(2.18)" was synthesized in the pure form by decomposition of 1, and crystallographically characterized. The orthorhombic unit cell parameters of this oxide, obtained by electron diffraction technique, have been subsequently refined using X-ray powder diffraction data. Besides that, a previously unknown lead-manganese oxide has been obtained at low temperature decomposition and short annealing times. The parameters of its monoclinically distorted unit cell have been determined. The EDX analysis revealed that this compound has a Pb/Mn ratio close to 1:4 and contains no appreciable amount of fluorine. | Inorganic Chemistry | 2,009 | 35 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2029249140",
"name": "Haitao Zhang"
},
{
"authorId": "2109753718",
"name": "Jen-Hsien Yang"
},
{
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{
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"name": "E. Dikarev"
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01824ff653bf2604985f608d4428b77fab9efba3 | {
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"name": "Synfacts",
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"url": "http://www.thieme-chemistry.com/thieme-chemistry/journals/info/synfacts/online/index"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01824ff653bf2604985f608d4428b77fab9efba3 | Artificial Rh(III)–Metalloenzyme-Catalyzed Asymmetric C–H Activation | Significance: A highly active, artificial rhodium(III) metalloenzyme that catalyzes an asymmetric synthesis of dihydroisoquinolones through C–H activation is reported. A biotinylated rhodium(III) complex is successfully incorporated into streptavidin. With active-site mutagenesis, the engineered enzyme displayed up to 100-fold reaction rate increase compared to the activity of the unbound rhodium complex. Comment: As Cp is the only permanently bound ligand on rhodium in the catalytic cycle, it has been difficult to render this reaction enantioselective until recently. This report provides an alternative solution for this problem. Based on the concerted metalation–deprotonation mechanism, the authors used docking modeling and introduced a basic carboxylate moiety in the active site. With kinetic isotope effect experiments, the importance of this mutation in accelerating the catalysis is demonstrated. [RhCp*Cl2]2 (2 mol%) S112Y-K121E Sav Mutant (0.66 mol%) | Synfacts | 2,013 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "5388653",
"name": "M. Lautens"
},
{
"authorId": "145793809",
"name": "Lei Zhang"
}
] | null | null | 253 |
0183438960682426b01923a85c933b6eaf60c599 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0183438960682426b01923a85c933b6eaf60c599 | Supraicosahedral polyhedra in metallaboranes: synthesis and structural characterization of 12-, 15-, and 16-vertex rhodaboranes. | Syntheses and structural characterization of supraicosahedral rhodaborane clusters are reported. Reaction of [(Cp*RhCl2)2], (Cp* = η(5)-C5Me5) with [LiBH4·thf] followed by thermolysis with excess of [BH3·thf] afforded 16-vertex closo-[(Cp*Rh)3B12H12Rh{Cp*RhB4H9}], 1, 15-vertex [(Cp*Rh)2B13H13], 2, 12-vertex [(Cp*Rh)2B10Hn(OH)m], (3a: n = 12, m = 0; 3b: n = 9, m = 1; 3c: n = 8, m = 2) and 10-vertex [(Cp*Rh)3B7H7], 4, and [(Cp*Rh)4B6H6], 5. Cluster 1 is the unprecedented 16-vertex cluster, consists of a sixteen-vertex {Rh4B12} with an exo-polyhedral {RhB4} moiety. Cluster 2 is the first example of a carbon free 15-vertex supraicosahedral metallaborane, exhibits icosihexahedron geometry (26 triangular faces) with three degree-six vertices. Clusters 3a-c have 12-vertex isocloso geometry, different from that of icosahedral one. Clusters 4 and 5 are attributed to the 10-vertex isocloso geometry based on 10-vertex bicapped square antiprism structure. In addition, quantum-chemical calculations with DFT methods at the BP86 level of theory have been used to provide further insight into the electronic structure and stability of the optimized structures which are in satisfactory agreement with the structure determinations. All the compounds have been characterized by IR, (1)H, (11)B, (13)C NMR spectroscopy in solution, and the solid state structures were established by crystallographic analysis of compounds 1-5. | Inorganic Chemistry | 2,013 | 63 | null | [
{
"authorId": "9814116",
"name": "D. Roy"
},
{
"authorId": "9962775",
"name": "B. Mondal"
},
{
"authorId": "13137369",
"name": "Pritam Shankhari"
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"authorId": "12978925",
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"authorId": "2005535",
"name": "S. Mobin"
},
{
"authorId": "144777764",
"name": "Sundargopal Ghosh"
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] | null | null | 254 |
0185e0386d5d787caa77af6010bb163cb10a76c0 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0185e0386d5d787caa77af6010bb163cb10a76c0 | Synthesis and swelling properties of a poly(vinyl alcohol)-based superabsorbing hydrogel | Article history: Received January 26, 2013 Received in Revised form May 10, 2013 Accepted 20 May 2013 Available online 24 May 2013 Superabsorbent hydrogels based on poly(vinyl alcohol) were prepared by a crosslinking technique using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. The hydrogel structure was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results from SEM observation showed a porous structure with smooth surface morphology of the hydrogel. We have systematically optimized the certain variables of hydrogel synthesis (i.e. the crosslinker concentration, poly(vinyl alcohol) content, time and temperature of crosslinking reaction) to achieve a hydrogel with maximum water absorbency. It was concluded that under the optimized conditions, maximum capacity of swelling in distilled water was equal to 231 g/g. The absorbency under load (AUL) of hydrogels was also measured. In addition, swelling ratio in various salt solutions was determined and the hydrogels exhibited salt-sensitivity properties. © 2013 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. | 2,013 | 43 | null | [
{
"authorId": "143806259",
"name": "H. Hosseinzadeh"
}
] | null | null | 255 |
|
018602d32620016192fd21fdcd1fea08fc777ad3 | {
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"issn": "1613-6810",
"name": "Small",
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"url": "http://www.small-journal.com/"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/018602d32620016192fd21fdcd1fea08fc777ad3 | 2D Free-Standing Nitrogen-Doped Ni-Ni3 S2 @Carbon Nanoplates Derived from Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction. | 2D metal-organic frameworks (2D MOFs) are promising templates for the fabrication of carbon supported 2D metal/metal sulfide nanocomposites. Herein, controllable synthesis of a newly developed 2D Ni-based MOF nanoplates in well-defined rectangle morphology is first realized via a pyridine-assisted bottom-up solvothermal treatment of NiSO4 and 4,4'-bipyridine. The thickness of the MOF nanoplates can be controlled to below 20 nm, while the lateral size can be tuned in a wide range with different amounts of pyridine. Subsequent pyrolysis treatment converts the MOF nanoplates into 2D free-standing nitrogen-doped Ni-Ni3 S2 @carbon nanoplates. The obtained Ni-Ni3 S2 nanoparticles encapsulated in the N-doped carbon matrix exhibits high electrocatalytic activity in oxygen evolution reaction. A low overpotential of 284.7 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 is achieved in alkaline solution, which is among the best reported performance of substrate-free nickel sulfides based nanomaterials. | Small | 2,019 | 88 | null | [
{
"authorId": "2107900206",
"name": "Yifan Lin"
},
{
"authorId": "40383758",
"name": "Gen Chen"
},
{
"authorId": "1902654448",
"name": "Hao Wan"
},
{
"authorId": "10942058",
"name": "Fashen Chen"
},
{
"authorId": "2110997262",
"name": "Xiaohe Liu"
},
{
"authorId": "50397386",
"name": "R. Ma"
}
] | null | null | 256 |
0186c349585968a85e22a11a3a9cee44abe34869 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0186c349585968a85e22a11a3a9cee44abe34869 | Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Probing local pH-based co-precipitation processes in self-assembled silica-carbonate hybrid materials | Barium chloride dihydrate (min. 99%) was purchased from Riedel-de Haёn and used as received. The silica source was a commercial sodium silicate solution (so-called water glass) containing about 12.5 wt% SiO2 and 13.8 wt% Na, as supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (reagent grade). All solvents employed for the spectroscopic measurements were of UV spectroscopic grade (Aldrich). Stock solutions (0.1 and 1 M) of hydrochloric acid, hypochlorite acid, potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, required for pH adjustments, were obtained from Merck (p.a. grade). All solutions and dilutions were prepared with water of MilliQ quality, sourced from a Milli-Q Synthesis A10 system equipped with a Quantum EX Ultrapure Organex cartridge (Millipore). All airand moisture-sensitive reactions were carried out under argon atmosphere in oven-dried glassware. | 2,015 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "7357681",
"name": "J. Opel"
},
{
"authorId": "48742524",
"name": "Mandy Hecht"
},
{
"authorId": "6696490",
"name": "K. Rurack"
},
{
"authorId": "8559262",
"name": "J. Eiblmeier"
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{
"authorId": "143826768",
"name": "W. Kunz"
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{
"authorId": "144174519",
"name": "H. Cölfen"
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{
"authorId": "3339173",
"name": "M. Kellermeier"
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|
018b6ae8b64bc9e9f3a811a0cd1f84cc5e3173ce | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/018b6ae8b64bc9e9f3a811a0cd1f84cc5e3173ce | Structural Investigation of a Fully Ordered closo-Ge-9(2-) Cluster in the Compound [K+(2,2,2-crypt)](2)Ge-9(2-) | [K+(2,2,2-crypt)] Ge-2(9)2- containing the deltahedral Zintl anion Ge-9(2-) has been isolated from a solution of K4Ge9 in ethylenediamine in the presence of 2,2,2-crypt, intended as an intermediate in mixed-cluster synthesis. The subsequent crystallographic characterisation shows the closo-Ge-9(2-) cluster unit to be tricapped trigonal-prismatic with a symmetry very close to D-3h. Each Ge-9(2-) unit is surrounded by two 2,2,2-crypt units, each with a chelated K+ cation, viz. [K+(2,2,2-crypt)]. The structure characterisation of this ordered Ge-9(2-) cluster is surprisingly enough the first one reported. A chemical bonding analysis reveals two local minima of D-3h symmetry, with that of lowest energy being highly similar to that resulting from the crystallographic analysis of low-temperature data. The cluster interaction scheme is based on highly delocalised bonding. | 2,011 | 14 | null | [
{
"authorId": "39053935",
"name": "Josefin Åkerstedt"
},
{
"authorId": "4116878",
"name": "S. Ponou"
},
{
"authorId": "6764919",
"name": "L. Kloo"
},
{
"authorId": "2167976",
"name": "S. Lidin"
}
] | null | null | 258 |
|
018eb996fcdb71dd43783b64b4b26f23e6cb6904 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/018eb996fcdb71dd43783b64b4b26f23e6cb6904 | Building blocks for the solution phase synthesis of oligonucleotides: regioselective hydrolysis of 3',5'-Di-O-levulinylnucleosides using an enzymatic approach. | A short and convenient synthesis of 3'- and 5'-O-levulinyl-2'-deoxynucleosides has been developed from the corresponding 3',5'-di-O-levulinyl derivatives by regioselective enzymatic hydrolysis, avoiding several tedious chemical protection/deprotection steps. Thus, Candida antartica lipase B (CAL-B) was found to selectively hydrolyze the 5'-levulinate esters, furnishing 3'-O-levulinyl-2'-deoxynucleosides 3 in >80% isolated yields. On the other hand, immobilized Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PSL-C) and Candida antarctica lipase A (CAL-A) exhibit the opposite selectivity toward the hydrolysis at the 3'-position, affording 5'-O-levulinyl derivatives 4 in >70% yields. A similar hydrolysis procedure was successfully extended to the synthesis of 3'- and 5'-O-levulinyl-protected 2'-O-alkylribonucleosides 7 and 8. This work demonstrates for the first time application of commercial CAL-B and PSL-C toward regioselective hydrolysis of levulinyl esters with excellent selectivity and yields. It is noteworthy that protected cytidine and adenosine base derivatives were not adequate substrates for the enzymatic hydrolysis with CAL-B, whereas PSL-C was able to accommodate protected bases during selective hydrolysis. In addition, we report an improved synthesis of dilevulinyl esters using a polymer-bound carbodiimide as a replacement for dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), thus considerably simplifying the workup for esterification reactions. | Journal of Organic Chemistry | 2,002 | 30 | null | [
{
"authorId": "151492952",
"name": "J. García"
},
{
"authorId": "36761158",
"name": "S. Fernández"
},
{
"authorId": "50419218",
"name": "M. Ferrero"
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"authorId": "9846149",
"name": "Y. Sanghvi"
},
{
"authorId": "6836274",
"name": "V. Gotor"
}
] | null | null | 259 |
018ec4e3e1ee50c052e05e641729769243b04a3e | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/018ec4e3e1ee50c052e05e641729769243b04a3e | Ionic liquids : from knowledge to application | CONTENTS PREFACE PROPERTIES OF IONIC LIQUIDS 1. Gas Solubility (and Related High-Pressure Phenomena) in Systems with Ionic Liquids GERD MAURER, DIRK TUMA 2. Solubility of Fluorocarbons in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids MARK B. SHIFLETT, A. YOKOZEKI 3. Thermophysical properties of ionic liquids RILE GE, CHRISTOPHER HARDACRE, JOHAN JACQUEMIN, DAVID W. ROONEY 4. Chemical Speciation in Ionic Liquids and their Mixtures with Polar Solvents Using Dielectric Spectroscopy GLENN HEFTER, RICHARD BUCHNER, JOHANNES HUNGER, ALEXANDER STOPPA 5. Solvation of Carbohydrates in 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Ionic Liquids: Insights from Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations IGOR D. PETRIK, RICHARD C. REMSING, ZHIWEI LIU, BRENDAN B. O'BRIEN, GUILLERMO MOYNA NOVEL APPLICATIONS OF IONIC LIQUIDS 6. The Development of Ionic Liquids for Biomedical Applications - Prospects and Challenges GLORIA D. ELLIOTT, REGINA KEMP, DOUGLAS R MACFARLANE 7. Protein Denaturation by Ionic Liquids and the Hofmeister Series DIANA CONSTANTINESCU, CHRISTIAN HERRMANN, HERMANN WEINGARTNER 8. The Radiation Chemistry of Ionic Liquids and its Implications for their Use in Nuclear Fuel Processing JAMES F. WISHART, ILYA A. SHKROB 9. Ionic liquids: Solutions for Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry PAUL J. DYSON, MATTHEW A. HENDERSON, J. SCOTT MCINDOE 10. . Smart Materials Based on Ionic Liquids: the Magnetorheological Fluid Case CARLOS GUERRERO-SANCHEZ, TINA ERDMENGER, TANIA LARA-CENICEROS, ENRIQUE JIMENEZ-REGALADO, ULRICH S. SCHUBERT 11. Ionic Liquids for Microfluidic Actuation Multiplexed Hydraulic Valve Actuation Using Ionic Liquid Filled Soft Channels and Braille Displays YI-CHUNG TUNG AND SHUICHI TAKAYAMA NANOPARTICLES AND COLLOIDS IN IONIC LIQUIDS 12. Nanoparticle Synthesis in Ionic Liquids ANJA-VERENA MUDRING, TAREK ALAMMAR, TOBIAS BACKER, KAI RICHTER 13. Influences of Side Chain Length of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Bromide on Silica Saturation XIN SUN, JENNIFER L. ANTHONY 14. Silica Colloidal Suspensions in Ionic Liquids: Colloidal Stability and Fabrication of Ion Gels on the basis of Colloidal Self-Assembly KAZUHIDE UENO, MASAYOSHI WATANABE 15. Facile Preparation of Hybrid Fluids from Ionic Liquid-Inorganic Nanoparticles: FOCUS ON SURFACE MODIFICATION OF THE NANOPARTICLES ASAKO NARITA, EISUKE MIYOSHI, KENSUKE NAKA, YOSHIKI CHUJO SEPARATIONS AND INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES 16. Ionic Liquids: Promising Media for Gas Separations MARGARIDA F. COSTA GOMES, PASCALE HUSSON 17. Ionic Liquid Complexes for Metal Extractions and Biphasic Catalysis PRASHANT U. NAIK, CARRIE LEE TRIDER, JEFF FARRELL, ROBERT. D. SINGER 18. Separation of Aromatic and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons with Ionic Liquids:A Conceptual Process Design G.WYTZE MEINDERSMA, A.B. DE HAAN 19. Investigation of Interfacial Properties of Supported [C4mim][NTf2] Thin Films by Atomic Force Microscopy SIMONE BOVIO, ALESSANDRO PODESTA, PAOLO MILANI 20. Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy and Electrochemical ANALYSIS OF THE 1-BUTYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM BIS{(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)SULFONYL}AMIDE DOUBLE LAYER STRUCTURE ON THE PLATINUM ELECTRODE SELIMAR RIVERA-RUBERO, STEVEN BALDELLI 21. Interfacial Structure at Ionic-liquid/Molecular-liquid Interfaces Probed by Sum-Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy TAKASHI IWAHASHI, TAKAYUKI MIYAMAE, KANAME KANAI, KAZUHIKO SEKI, DOSEOK KIM, YUKIO OUCHI 22. Bulk and Interfacial Nanostructure in Protic Room Temperature Ionic Liquids ROB ATKIN, GREGORY G. WARR 23. Ionic Liquids: Contained and Characterised IMEE SU MARTINEZ, STEVEN BALDELLI 24. Prediction of Gas Solubility using COSMOthermX CHRISTOPHER HARDACRE, JOHAN JACQUEMIN, NORFAIZAH AB MANAN, DAVID W. ROONEY, TRISTAN G. A. YOUNGS 25. Predictive Group Contribution Models for the Thermophysical Properties of Ionic Liquids JOAO A. P. COUTINHO, RAMESH L. GARDAS 26. Ion Association in 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate / Naphthalene Mixtures MARIO G. DEL POPOLO, PIETRO BALLONE 27. Computational Comparison of Tethering Strategies for Amine Functionalised Ionic Liquids ELAINE M. MINDRUP, WILLIAM F. SCHNEIDER INDEXES AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX | 2,010 | 115 | null | [
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/018ed5ddd1c033b9471578089123e6dcd8461fe2 | C-H olefination of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines promoted by a S,O-ligand | Tetrahydroquinolines are abundant in natural products and bioactive compounds, but often require a multistep synthesis. In the last few decades functionalization of carbon hydrogen bonds has been a solution to bypass this problem. A new catalytic system developed by Fernández-Ibáñez et al., and based on palladium and a bidentate S,O-ligand, showed a greater acceleration on the C-H olefination of simple arenes. Furthermore, the catalytic system proved to be efficient for the selective para-C-H olefination of anilines. Herein, we report the C-H olefination of 8-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines using the Pd/S,O-ligand catalytic system. | 2,019 | 0 | null | [
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] | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-16926-w.pdf | www.nature.com | 262 |
0190c47b6169e9a3252a372ce013c42c8025ee13 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0190c47b6169e9a3252a372ce013c42c8025ee13 | Synthesis and properties of poly(acrylamide-aniline)-grafted gum ghatti based nanospikes | In this work, we have synthesized poly(acrylamide-aniline)-grafted gum ghatti based crosslinked conducting hydrogel via a two-step synthesis method. The first step involved the microwave assisted synthesis of a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) based on acrylamide and gum ghatti using N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide and ammonium persulfate as a crosslinker-initiator system. The semi-IPN has been observed to exhibit as much as 2183% swelling in aqueous solution. The effect of several variables such as time, solvent, pH, microwave power, crosslinker amount, aniline concentration, initiator concentration and monomer concentration on the swelling capacity was explored. In the final step, polyaniline was entrapped within a semi-IPN (optimized reaction condition) followed by doping with hydrochloric acid, which leads to the formation of conducting IPN. The synthesized hydrogels, as monitored by the swelling behaviour were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Finally, the synthesized crosslinked networks have been used in malachite green (MG) adsorption. The result indicates that IPN of poly(acrylamide-aniline)-grafted gum ghatti are potential candidates for dye removal from water. | 2,013 | 86 | null | [
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01956310f44cfb1fd4a311e2ae354c4200ecbf0c | Structure of 2-(2-Hydroxy- l,l-dimethylethyl)-5,5-dimethyl- 1,3-dioxan-4-ol, C10H2004, a Dimer of 3-Hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanal. Example of an Anhydrous Aeetal Hydrolysis | M r = 2 0 4 . 3 , monoclinic, P2L/c, a = 6.159(2), b = 3 6 . 2 1 2 ( 1 3 ) , c = 1 1 . 5 3 0 ( 4 ) A , f l= 116.86(1) °, V = 2 2 9 4 . 1 A 3, Z = 8 , D x=1.18, D m= 1.06 Mg m -3, 2(Cu Ka 1) --1.54051 A, g = 0.75 mm -~, F(000) = 896, T = 294 K. Final R = 0.053 for 1405 observed reflections. There are two independent molecules per asymmetric unit, each one in a cis chair conformation. They lie on separate layers (A and B) in the crystal (perpendicular to b), with different hydrogen-bonding schemes in each layer. When melted, the dimer decomposes into the monomer, following an anhydrous acid-catalyzed acetal 'hydrolysis' mechanism. It is initiated by an intermolecular H-atom transfer 0108-2701/83/091263-05502.50 which is assisted by a hydrogen bond in the B layer between the hydroxy group and a dioxane O atom on adjacent molecules. This decomposition is reversible, with the liquid monomer dimerizing on cooling. Attempts to form an orientationally disordered crystalline monomer by rapid cooling were unsuccessful. Introduction. The title compound, hereafter referred to as (RCHO)2, was selected for investigation as part of our continuing study of polymorphism and orientational disorder in single crystals of pseudo-spherical molecules (Rudman, 1981; Sake Gowda & Rudman, 1982). The monomer of the title compound, hereafter © 1983 International Union of Crystallography 1264 2-(2-HYDROXY1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL)-5,5-DIMETHYL1,3-DIOXAN-4-OL referred to as RCHO, has the structural formula (H3C)2C~ CHO . RCHO is pseudo-spherical as are CH2OH the various methylchloromethane and polyhydroxymethyl compounds which are known to form orientationally disordered (plastic) crystalline phases just below their melting points (Rudman, 1981). However, RCHO is unique in that there is an equilibrium between RCHO and (RCHO) 2 in solution and there is a reversible transformation between monomer and dimer on melting and refreezing: (RCHO)2 exists in the crystalline state while RCHO is found in the molten state. In the molten state, RCHO can be compared to 2,2-dimethylpropanal, (CH3)3CCHO, and 3-hydroxy-2-oxopropanal, HOH2CCOCHO, both of which are liquid at room temperature. Our initial intention was twofold: to freeze molten RCHO quickly in an attempt to observe and study polymorphic transformations of the crystalline monomer, and to determine the structure of the dimer. We succeeded in the latter, but were unsuccessful in the former. Santoro & Chiavarini (1978), hereafter S & C, used IR and NMR spectroscopy to deduce the structure of (RCHO) 2. Experimental. Synthesis: RCHO and (RCHO) 2 were prepared following the aldol condensation described by S & C, except that the reaction vessel was left in the refrigerator for three days, after which time the white precipitate that had formed was filtered, washed with water, and dried in vacuo for 1 h. The precipitate was recrystallized three times from ether; m.p. 364-365 K (S & C reported 362-363.5 K). The IR and NMR spectra agreed with those reported by S & C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC): A PerkinElmer DSC-1B, equipped with a low-temperature adapter, was used for the DSC measurements employing techniques that have been described elsewhere (Silver & Rudman, 1970). The initial investigation of the thermal behavior of the RCHO-(RCHO)2 system was carried out in a standard commercial melting-point apparatus, where it was observed that (RCHO) 2 forms a colorless liquid (RCHO) on melting. It remains a liquid as it is cooled to room temperature, and only slowly reverts to a white solid; this process is reversible. The visual observations were confirmed with DSC: if the sample is melted, cooled to room temperature, and immediately reheated, no melting point is observed during the reheating. In an attempt to detect the monomer-to-dimer transition, the sample was melted, cooled to 303 K, and studied in an isothermal mode (at constant temperature with the recorder running). An exothermic displacement of the baseline indicated that dimerization had occurred. The original melting point was observed if the sample was heated following this baseline shift, but not if it were heated prior to the shift. The parameters governing the dimerization were not determined, with time periods of between 11⁄2 and 46 h required before dimerization occurred when different samples were used and the temperature was fixed at 303 K. However, the dimerization is temperaturedependent, since it occurs more rapidly at lower temperatures for a given sample. The liquid monomer was cooled rapidly, in the DSC using liquid nitrogen, in an attempt to crystallize the monomeric form. These attempts were unsuccessful. In all cases, as the monomer was cooled to 153 K one or more small exothermic peaks (at unpredictable temperatures) appeared. If the sample were reheated immediately after these peaks appeared the (RCHO)2 m.p. was observed. It is concluded that, under the conditions obtained in the DSC, monomeric liquid RCHO dimerizes to (RCHO)2 rather than freezing to crystalline RCHO. However, quick-freezing techniques, such as are used to form amorphous materials (Wenzel, 1976), might succeed in stabilizing a rigid monomer. X-ray analysis: (R CHO) 2 synthesized and crystallized as described above. D m measured in xylene-carbon tetrachloride mixture. Crystal size 0.08 × 0.09 × 0 .20mm. Syntex P21-F diffractometer, Ni-filtered Cu Ks1. Lattice parameters from 20 reflections (13 < 20< 45°); e,'-scan FWHM 0.15 °. 4394 total reflections (h, +k, +l with 2 0 < 6 5 ° , h, k, +l with 65 < 2 0 < 115 °, hmax=6, Ikmax I =-39, Ilmaxl = 12). 0--20 scan with automatic recentering_ every 633 reflections. Three standard reflections (040, 012, 1~,0) every 102 reflections (45% decay in intensities). 3142 independent (Rim, after merging equivalent reflections and after decay correction, 2.4%), 1405 with F > 3a(F). Lp correction, decay correction. Structure solved by direct methods (MULTAN, Declercq, Germain, Main & Woolfson, 1973; 217 E > 1.75, 53~o, E < 0.12 using Syntex XTL version on data uncorrected for decay, all non-H atoms located from E map and subsequent AF map). Full-matrix anisotropic least-squares refinement on Burroughs 7600 computer using decay-corrected intensity data based on F. H from AF synthesis and calculations, B fixed at B of atom to which it is attached. Each molecule refined separately on alternate cycles (188 parameters each cycle: scale factor, extinction factor, nine parameters per C and O, three parameters per H). R and R w (defined in Sake Gowda & Rudman, 1982): 0.053 and 0.058, S = 1.44; w I = a2(F) + (0.04F) 2, a(F)= a(F2)/(2F), o(F z) based on counting statistics. Final AF map featureless (maximum height 0.33 e/~,-3). Extinction coefficient 1.09 (24) mm -~, smallest extinction factor 0.84. Local versions of standard programs used in calculations; Syntex XTL version of OR TEP (Johnson, 1976) used for diagrams. Atomic scattering factors from International Tables for X-ray Crystallography (1974) (Table 2.2A for C,O; Table 2.2C for H). D. S. SAKE GOWDA, N. FEDERLEIN A N D R. R U D M A N 1265 Discussion. The final fractional coordinates and isotropic thermal parameters are listed in Table 1 following the atomnumbering scheme shown in Fig. 1 (only H atoms involved in hydrogen bonding are drawn).* This crystal-structure analysis confirms the conclusions arrived at by S & C (from their NMR and IR analyses): (a) The dimer is a substituted 1,3-dioxane compound rather than an eight-membered-ring compound. (b) The preferred conformation in the crystalline state is the chair form with the groups in the 2 and 4 ring positions oriented equatorially and lying on the same side of the ring (i.e. a cis chair conformation, cf. S & C). The formation of molecules related by a center of inversion is in accordance with the well known rule of stereochemistry, viz. the synthesis of a chiral compound * Lists of structure factors, anisotropic thermal parameters, bond angles, H-atom positional parameters, bond lengths and angles involving H, torsion angles, least-squares planes and interplanar angles have been deposited with the British Library Lending Division as Supplementary Publication No. SUP 38580 (19 pp.). Copies may be obtained through The Executive Secretary, International Union of Crystallography, 5 Abbey Square, Chester | 2,001 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "1405010343",
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"name": "Jamil"
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0196bb9635fc05385bd80ecfedbe8039d43a9511 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0196bb9635fc05385bd80ecfedbe8039d43a9511 | PbWO4 nanoparticles: A robust and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of benzopyranopyridines under ultrasonic irradiation | An efficient four-component synthesis of benzopyranopyridines is described by one-pot condensation of salicylaldehydes, thiols and 2 equiv of malononitrile with nano-PbWO4 as a robust and reusable heterogeneous catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. Lead tungstate (PbWO4) nanostructures have been synthesized via a sonochemical method based on the reaction between lead (II) nitrate and sodium tungstate dihydrate in an aqueous solution. Some advantages of this protocol include use of simple and readily available starting materials, rapid assembly of medicinally privileged heterocyclic molecules, reusability of the catalyst, low amount of the catalyst and application of the sonochemical methodology as an efficient technique and innocuous means of activation in synthetic chemistry. | 2,017 | 1 | null | [
{
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"name": "J. Safaei‐Ghomi"
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{
"authorId": "92635575",
"name": "Ruhollah Talebi"
}
] | null | null | 266 |
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019766507252cef75e4f6987883935cbfeb03a56 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/019766507252cef75e4f6987883935cbfeb03a56 | Influence of Crystallinity, Particle Size, and Microstructure on the Oxygen Evolution Activity of IrO2 | The development of cost-effective polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers is key to the implementation of a hydrogen-based infrastructure. It cannot be denied that there is an ever-increasing demand to shift away from the use of nuclear power and the traditional burning of fossil fuels as primary energy systems. The only foreseeable long-term solution has been increasingly focused on the implementation of clean, renewable power supplies, such as wind farms and solar power stations. In this regard, the electrochemical conversion of water to hydrogen is expected to play a key role in the development of scalable energy storage that is required for such intermittent power supplies(1). The cathodic generation of hydrogen from water splitting is known to be extremely facile on Pt-based catalysts(2). The simultaneous oxygen evolution reaction (OER) occurring at the anode, however, is limited by sluggish kinetics and requires a considerable overpotential to achieve modest current densities. Moreover, the harsh acidic environment and high anodic operating potentials limits the choice of stable electrocatalyst materials to those of the noble metal oxides. Reduction of the noble metal loading at the anode and enhancing catalyst stability for OER in PEM electrolyzers remains a challenge. Perhaps the most widely implemented approach for reducing the noble metal content is that which considers reducing the catalyst particle size(3, 4). A major issue that arises from this approach, however, is that it becomes increasingly difficult to establish structure-activity relationships for the OER due to the transformation processes, e.g. changes in microstructure and crystallinity, that commonly occur during the preparation of the materials. The research reported herein is focused on expanding the fundamental understanding of the influence of crystallinity, particle size, and microstructure on the electrochemical OER activity of nanocrystalline IrO2 with particular emphasis pointed towards formation of a hydrous surface layer. Chlorine−free iridium oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using the modified Adams fusion method(5), which is capable of producing spherical 1.7 ± 0.4 nm particles with a specific surface area of 150 m2/g using a low temperature synthesis (350 °C). Increasing the synthesis temperature to 600 °C results in the formation of larger, rod−shaped particles mostly terminated by highly ordered non−defective (110) surfaces. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical studies indicate the presence of a hydrous surface layer, i.e. Ir(O)OH, that leads to an enhanced OER activity. We report that it is possible to create a larger hydrous layer on smaller nanoparticles and thus increase the specific OER activity. References: 1. L. Bertuccioli, A. Chan, D. Hart, F. Lehner, B. Madden and E. Standen, Development of Water Electrolysis in the European Union, in, p. 83, Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (2014). 2. W. Sheng, H. A. Gasteiger and Y. Shao-Horn, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 157, B1529 (2010). 3. J. C. Cruz, V. Baglio, S. Siracusano, R. Ornelas, L. Ortiz-Frade, L. G. Arriaga, V. Antonucci and A. S. Arico, J. Nanopart. Res., 13, 1639 (2011). 4. Y. Lee, J. Suntivich, K. J. May, E. E. Perry and Y. Shao-Horn, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 3, 399 (2012). 5. E. Oakton, D. Lebedev, A. Fedorov, F. Krumeich, J. Tillier, O. Sereda, T. J. Schmidt and C. Coperet, New Journal of Chemistry, 40, 1834 (2016). | 2,016 | 0 | null | [
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0197c0ff3d60a1c2b9b0440e017e25d088299bf0 | Programmable All-Fiber Optical Pulse Shaping | Techniques for the precise synthesis and control of the temporal shape of optical pulses with durations in the picosecond and sub-picosecond regimes have become increasingly important for a wide range of applications in such diverse fields as ultrahigh-bit-rate optical communications (Parmigiani et al., 2006; Petropoulos et al., 2001; Oxenlowe et al., 2007; Otani et al., 2000), nonlinear optics (Parmigiani et al., 2006 b), coherent control of atomic and molecular processes (Weiner, 1995) and generation of ultra-wideband RF signals (Lin & Weiner, 2007). To give a few examples, (sub-)picosecond flat-top optical pulses are highly desired for nonlinear optical switching (e.g. for improving the timing-jitter tolerance in ultrahigh-speed optical time domain de-multiplexing (Parmigiani et al., 2006; Petropoulos et al., 2001; Oxenlowe et al., 2007)) as well as for a range of wavelength conversion applications (Otani et al., 2000); high-quality picosecond parabolic pulse shapes are also of great interest, e.g. to achieve ultra-flat self-phase modulation (SPM)-induced spectral broadening in super-continuum generation experiments (Parmigiani et al., 2006 b). For all these applications, the shape of the synthesized pulse needs to be accurately controlled for achieving a minimum intensity error over the temporal region of interest. The most commonly used technique for arbitrary optical pulse shaping is based on spectral amplitude and/or phase linear filtering of the original pulse in the spatial domain; this technique is usually referred to as ‘Fourier-domain pulse shaping’ and has allowed the programmable synthesis of arbitrary waveforms with resolutions better than 100fs (Weiner, 1995). Though extremely powerful and flexible, the inherent experimental complexity of this implementation, which requires the use of very high-quality bulk-optics components (high-quality diffraction gratings, high-resolution spatial light modulators etc.), has motivated research on alternate, simpler solutions for optical pulse shaping. This includes the use of integrated arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) (Kurokawa et al., 1997), and fiber gratings (e.g. fiber Bragg gratings (Petropoulos et al., 2001), or long period fiber gratings (Park et al. 2006)). However, AWG-based pulse shapers (Kurokawa et al., 1997) are typically limited to time resolutions above 10ps. The main drawback of the fiber grating approach (Petropoulos et al., 2001; Park et al. 2006) is the lack of programmability: a grating device is designed to realize a single pulse shaping operation over a specific input pulse (of prescribed wavelength and bandwidth) and once | 2,010 | 1 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/019ab9ee0e1dbb1fb499ee43a36132f29b217211 | Phthalocyanine-peptide conjugates: receptor-targeting bifunctional agents for imaging and photodynamic therapy. | The synthesis of a series of new zinc phthalocyanine-peptide conjugates targeting the gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and integrin receptors is reported. Two alternative synthetic methods based on Sonogashira cross-coupling of an iodinated zinc phthalocyanine with acetylenic bombesin or arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) derivatives, either in solution or on solid phase, are presented. The water-soluble conjugates were screened for their photodynamic efficacy against several cancer cell lines expressing different levels of GRP and integrin receptors, and their intracellular localization was evaluated via confocal fluorescence microscopy. Variations in photocytotoxicity between the conjugates correlate to differences in hydrophobicity as well as receptor-mediated cell uptake. In the case of the phthalocyanine-bombesin conjugate, competition experiments confirm the involvement of the GRP receptor in both the phototherapeutic activity as well as intracellular localization. These findings warrant further in vivo studies to evaluate the potential of this conjugate as photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancers overexpressing the GRP receptor. | Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | 2,013 | 102 | null | [
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019c22e41e34ab1f9a9461eb3fd6f844ca23e154 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/019f9c4918e6d21b6f604d0f6e146a9d048c3aa4 | Colloidal Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of CuFeSe2 Nanocrystals | Copper-based chalcogenides that contain abundant, low-cost and environmentally-friendly elements, are excellent materials for numerous energy conversion applications, such as photocatalysis, photovoltaics, photoelectricity and thermoelectrics (TE). Here, we present a high-yield and upscalable colloidal synthesis route for the production of monodisperse ternary I-III-VI2 chalcogenides nanocrystals (NCs), particularly stannite CuFeSe2, with uniform shape and narrow size distributions by using selenium powder as the anion precursor and CuCl2·2H2O and FeCl3 as the cationic precursors. The composition, the state of valence, size and morphology of the CuFeSe2 materials were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), respectively. Furthermore, the TE properties characterization of these dense nanomaterials compacted from monodisperse CuFeSe2 NCs by hot press at 623 K were preliminarily studied after ligand removal by means of hydrazine and hexane solution. The TE performances of the sintered CuFeSe2 pellets were characterized in the temperature range from room temperature to 653 K. Finally, the dimensionless TE figure of merit (ZT) of this Earth-abundant and intrinsic p-type CuFeSe2 NCs is significantly increased to 0.22 at 653 K in this work, which is demonstrated to show a promising TE materialand makes it a possible p-type candidate for medium-temperature TE applications. | Nanomaterials | 2,017 | 28 | {
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"authorId": "2048368684",
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"authorId": "2146399243",
"name": "Yu Liu"
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"authorId": "145863580",
"name": "Yong Zuo"
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"name": "Jingshuai Chen"
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"name": "He-lin Niu"
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{
"authorId": "9446888",
"name": "Chang-Jie Mao"
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] | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/1/8/pdf?version=1514291275 | www.mdpi.com | 271 |
01a13af1774a7932b2ff6127c5126224da3d309d | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01a13af1774a7932b2ff6127c5126224da3d309d | Synthesis and photochromism of organosiloxane-based organic/inorganic hybrid containing an inorganic component derived from tungstic acid | The organosilxane-based organic/inorganic hybrid was synthesized by adding 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) to an aqueous solution of tungstic acid and gelling it at 70-150°C. The FT-Raman and 13 C NMR studies revealed that the alkoxy and epoxy groups of GPTMS were subject to hydrolysis and ring-opening reaction, respectively. The 29 Si NMR study revealed that the inorganic component derived from tungstic acid appeared to have Si-O-W bonds with the GPTMS-derived siloxane network. The GPTMS-derived organic/inorganic hybrid containing the inorganic component derived from tungstic acid was transparent and colorless. In addition, it showed the photochromism that resulted from the incorporation of the inorganic component derived from tungstic acid into the GPTMS-derived organic/inorganic hybrid. A broad peak around 880 nm with a shoulder peak around 650 nm was observed in the spectra after the UV-irradiation, meaning two kinds of d-d bond intervalence transition states exist in the organic/inorganic hybrid. Assuming that the photochromism was the first-order reaction, the reaction rate constant was estimated to be 1.9 × 10 -1 min -1 . | 2,006 | 5 | {
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"name": "K. Kikuta"
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{
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"name": "M. Awano"
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] | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcersj/114/1325/114_1325_114/_pdf | www.jstage.jst.go.jp | 272 |
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"name": "Ophthalmic Research",
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"url": "https://www.karger.com/Journal/Home/223858"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01a16aa5aade50b191774b0524285f6ddadcc639 | Evaluation of Nitric Oxide Synthesis in the Optic Nerve Head in vivo Using Microdialysis and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Its Interaction with Endothelin-1 | Purpose: To investigate the relationship between nitric oxide synthesis and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the optic nerve head in vivo. Methods: A concentric microdialysis probe was inserted into the optic nerve head of a rabbit and was perfused with Ringer’s solution at a constant flow rate of 2 µl/min. The perfused dialysates were collected every 10 min, and levels of nitrite and nitrate in the 10-min dialysate samples were measured after intravitreal injection of ET-1 (100 pmol) using high-performance liquid chromatography based on the Griess method. Results: Basal levels of nitrite and nitrate in the 10-min dialysate were 0.08 ± 0.01 and 3.95 ± 0.50 µM, respectively. We confirmed that these levels were reduced by intravenous L-NAME and restored by L-arginine. Intravitreal ET-1 significantly elevated the levels of nitrate to 189% of baseline 10 min after ET-1 application, which was inhibited by pretreatment of intravenous L-NAME (50 mg/kg). Conclusion: These results indicate that production of nitric oxide is closely connected with the ET-1 signaling pathway. | Ophthalmic Research | 2,003 | 11 | null | [
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"name": "H. Oku"
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"name": "T. Sugiyama"
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"name": "W. Goto"
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"authorId": "2255456996",
"name": "T. Ikeda"
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01a39b36071dec3fa62996e01a22262085e05862 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01a39b36071dec3fa62996e01a22262085e05862 | Aberration-Corrected Z-Contrast STEM: Semiconducting Nanocrystals | The development of aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has provided new insight in the development of nanomaterials. Specifically, atomic number contrast STEM, or Z-STEM, has been applied to elucidate the structure of cadmium-based semiconductor nanocrystals. With sub-angstrom detail, the images obtained elucidated the effects of surfactants on the nanocrystal shape, showed the precise coverage of epitaxial shells for core/shell quantum dots, as well as provided the first images of the atomic structure of alloy nanocrystals. Semiconducting nanocrystals are one of the most beautiful examples of how new and fascinating physical properties arise in the nano-regime. As first demonstrated by Louis Brus, the band gap, and in essence, the color of a semiconductor becomes size-dependent when the diameter is reduced to below the bulk Bohr exciton diameter. This allows for precise tuning of the absorption and emission properties by simply controlling the nanocrystal’s diameter. In 1993, Murray, Norris, and Bawendi published the synthesis that would form the basis of the production of monodisperse, colloidal nanocrystals. This has become the foundation of the nanocrystal field, which has since grown to not only include fundamental investigations into the properties of the nanocrystals themselves, but also the development of practical applications. Efforts are currently focused on the use of colloidal nanocrystals or ‘‘quantum dots’’ for the development of fluorescent probes for biological imaging, phosphors for solid-state lighting, and light harvesters for photovoltaics. Although great strides have been made towards the development of these applications, much more basic research is needed to develop them into powerful, reliable, and competitive technologies. One of the most useful properties of nanocrystals is their large surface-to-volume ratio. For example, in a 1.2 nm diameter nanocrystal, nearly all of the atoms are surface atoms. This results in the surface dominating the chemical and physical properties of the nanocrystal. The surface consists of a mixture of unpassivated atoms with dangling bonds and atoms that are passivated with surfactants. The electronic, optical, and physical properties of the nanocrystal are extremely sensitive to the surface conditions. Dangling bonds can act as charge traps, reducing the emission efficiency. They are also able to easily take part in chemical reactions. For example, oxygen can bind to the unpassivated atoms forming an oxide, which can cause photo-brightening and eventually quenching. The presence and type of passivating ligand can also be chosen to tailor the properties of the nanocrystal in controlled ways, such as improving the emission efficiency, or quenching the emission completely, if desired. The surface can also be affected by ‘‘shelling’’; core/shell quantum dots have an outer coating of a wide bandgap semiconductor to passivate the surface and confine electrons and holes to the core. The thickness and total coverage of the shell dictates the quantum yield and resistance to photobleaching of core/shell quantum dots. The importance of the surface structure has driven the application of aberration-corrected, atomic number contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (Z-STEM) to characterize nanocrystals. This technique allows for direct imaging the nanocrystal’s core and surface structure with sub-angstrom resolution. Additionally, the image intensity is dependent on chemical composition and thickness affording an unparallel view of the nanocrystal. This entry will review our recent work in utilizing this technique to study colloidal cadmium-based semiconductor nanocrystals. Specifically, Z-STEM was used for (1) observing the effect of surfactant on the nanocrystal shape; (2) guiding the development of near unity quantum Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Second Edition DOI: 10.1081/E-ENN2-120044858 Copyright # 2009 by Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved. 1 D o w n l o a d e d B y : [ O a k R i d g e N a t i o n a l L a b o r a t o r y ] A t : 1 9 : 1 8 2 8 M a y 2 0 0 9 yield core/shell nanocrystals; and (3) the characterization of homogeneous nanocrystal alloys. These applications rely on the unique capability of Z-STEM to simultaneously provide sub-angstrom resolution, allowing individual atoms to be imaged, and chemical identification of the elements present. SYNTHESIS OF CdSe NANOCRYSTALS The current methods for synthesizing CdSe nanocrystals follow procedures similar to those of Bowen-Katari, Colvin, and Alivisatos, which eliminated the need for size-selective precipitation to produce monodisperse samples. In this preparation, 99% trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) and tri-n-butylphosphine (TBP) is used as received from Aldrich. Se (60 mesh powder) is dissolved in TBP and followed by the addition of dimethylcadmium. The injection solution of cadmium and selenium in TBP is then diluted 4 : 1 with TBP and injected into the reaction vessel of TOPO at 350 C. The solution is removed from heat and allowed to cool under argon, which prevents oxidation of the nanocrystal surface. To recover nanocrystals from the solid, room temperature TOPO mixture, methanol is added to dissolve the TOPO and precipitate the nanocrystals, which are then recovered by filtration. To make nanocrystals with an absorption maximum larger than 580 nm, the reaction is cooled from 350 C to 320 C and the nanocrystals are allowed to grow while the size is monitored by drawing aliquots from solution and monitoring the absorption spectra. Using this growth method, the initial tight size distribution is lost. This can be overcome by the addition of additional reagent solution to ‘‘focus’’ the size distribution. The use of dimethylcadmium to produce highquality nanocrystals is still common. However, Peng and Peng demonstrated the use of CdO as a benign source of cadmium. In this one-pot approach, CdO, TOPO and either hexylphosphonic acid (HPA) or tetradecylphosphonic acid (TDPA) are loaded into a three-neck flask. At temperatures above 270 C, the phosphonic acid complexes with the CdO forming a clear and colorless solution. After the formation of the colorless cadmium phosphonate complex, Se : TBP is injected into the reaction, which initiates the formation of nanocrystals. This method can also be used to produce high-quality CdS and CdTe nanocrystals by replacement of the anion solvated by TBP. Weller and co-workers developed a similar synthetic methodology using cadmium acetate Cd(CH3CO2)2 as the precursor. In this method, a stock selenium solution of trioctylphosphine:Se (TOP : Se) is added to a mixture of TOPO : hexadecylamine (HDA) : TDPA at 120 C. This is then heated to 300 C to which a stock solution of cadmium acetate and selenium dissolved in TOP is rapidly injected. Both the cadmium and selenium stock solutions are stored inside a glove box under nitrogen atmosphere. Additionally, efforts to reduce the use of phosphine in the chemistry has led to the development of the use of oleic acid and octadecene as the surfactants, in place of TOPO and the phosphonic acids. | 2,009 | 0 | null | [
{
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"name": "S. Rosenthal"
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{
"authorId": "37591776",
"name": "C. Dwyer"
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{
"authorId": "2128068378",
"name": "Lei Dong"
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{
"authorId": "93275247",
"name": "ChongWu"
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{
"authorId": "49435544",
"name": "Xi Zeng"
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{
"authorId": "143911358",
"name": "Lan Mu"
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{
"authorId": "4954322",
"name": "S. Xue"
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{
"authorId": "48151222",
"name": "Z. Tao"
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{
"authorId": "153389661",
"name": "Jian-xin Zhang"
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{
"authorId": "97437326",
"name": "A. C. Peter"
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01a9929a6aa08d3ede4afffadea4da0ef55e346b | Highly efficient separation of actinides from lanthanides by a phenanthroline-derived bis-triazine ligand. | The synthesis, lanthanide complexation, and solvent extraction of actinide(III) and lanthanide(III) radiotracers from nitric acid solutions by a phenanthroline-derived quadridentate bis-triazine ligand are described. The ligand separates Am(III) and Cm(III) from the lanthanides with remarkably high efficiency, high selectivity, and fast extraction kinetics compared to its 2,2'-bipyridine counterpart. Structures of the 1:2 bis-complexes of the ligand with Eu(III) and Yb(III) were elucidated by X-ray crystallography and force field calculations, respectively. The Eu(III) bis-complex is the first 1:2 bis-complex of a quadridentate bis-triazine ligand to be characterized by crystallography. The faster rates of extraction were verified by kinetics measurements using the rotating membrane cell technique in several diluents. The improved kinetics of metal ion extraction are related to the higher surface activity of the ligand at the phase interface. The improvement in the ligand's properties on replacing the bipyridine unit with a phenanthroline unit far exceeds what was anticipated based on ligand design alone. | Journal of the American Chemical Society | 2,011 | 315 | {
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"authorId": "48277541",
"name": "Frank W. Lewis"
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"name": "M. Hudson"
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"name": "M. Drew"
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"name": "J. Desreux"
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"authorId": "11606273",
"name": "Geoffrey Vidick"
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"authorId": "12019641",
"name": "Nouri Bouslimani"
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01aa55877d780544bbb2cee563d1a651566dedfe | Synthesis of uniform anatase TiO2 nanoparticles by gel-sol method. 1. Solution chemistry of Ti(OH)(4-n)+(n) complexes. | The mole fractions of hydroxo complexes of titanium(IV) ion in an aqueous solution with 0.10 mol dm(-3) NaClO4 at 25 degrees C have been determined as a function of pH by a newly developed analytical procedure based on UV spectrophotometry, using a metastable homogeneous solution of 1.25 x 10(-4) mol dm(-30 in total concentration of Ti(IV). Also, the total concentration of the hydroxo complexes in equilibrium with Ti(OH)4 solid, or the solubility of Ti(OH)4 solid in an inhomogeneous system, has been obtained by ICP measurement for the solution phase. A combination of these data yielded the absolute concentration of each complex species in equilibrium with Ti(OH)4 solid. Finally, Ti(OH)+3 complex has been assigned to the precursor for the formation of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles transformed from Ti(OH)4 gel from a comparison between the above equilibrium data and a kinetic study on the formation rate of the anatase TiO2 particles in the gel-sol system. | Journal of Colloid and Interface Science | 2,002 | 192 | null | [
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01b4d18f8cf9e6dca428f7ca7f62a205d38c1714 | Thermal and structural properties of surfactant–picrate compounds | null | Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry | 2,011 | 9 | null | [
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01b71e73312633180b604260066bf9af69f03d1d | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01b71e73312633180b604260066bf9af69f03d1d | Synthesis and Spectral Study of New Mercerized Azodyes and their Complexes with Copper(II) | A new series of some mercerized azodyes, 2-( 2-mercury chloride -4-X phenylazo)-4- acetamido phenol (where X = sulphonic acid (L 1), acetyl (L 2),carboxyl (L 3), nitro (L 4) and sulphamide (L 5 )) were prepared. All these were characterized by melting points, FT IR-spectroscopy 1 H NMR and C H N analysis. The work involves a study of acid - base properties at different pH values, the ionization and protonation constants were calculated. The complexes of L 1 and L 5 with Cu(II) were prepared. These complexes have been concluding after fixing the optimum conditions (time, pH and sequence of addition effects). The spectra of the complexes solutions have been studied for a range of concentrations which Lambert - Beer's law obeyed. It was found that the complexes are 1: 2 (M:L) complexes and the overall stability constants were determined by the corresponding solutions method | 2,013 | 0 | null | [
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01b71efd628eece1d992496b2dd68847a20831b6 | The synthesis and characterization of benzotriazole-based cationic surfactants and the evaluation of their corrosion inhibition efficiency on copper in seawater | This study aims at preparing three cationic surfactants based on benzotriazole and evaluating their efficiencies as corrosion inhibitors for copper electrodes in seawater using different electrochemical techniques (potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)). FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques confirmed the chemical structures of the as-prepared cationic compounds. The inhibition efficiency increased with the increase the concentration of the as-prepared compounds in the solution. The curves of the potentiodynamic polarization and the plots of EIS techniques show that the performance of all investigated compounds as mixed type. The standard free energy values imply that the three as-prepared compounds show physicochemical adsorption and obey the Langmuir adsorption model. AFM technique observed the reduction in the surface roughness due to the protective film formed on the copper surface. Finally, computational calculations show a great correlation with the experimental results due to the electron-donating effect. | RSC Advances | 2,019 | 16 | {
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01b7f30e55f6a978848f3418a3e54b749f3331e8 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01b7f30e55f6a978848f3418a3e54b749f3331e8 | Synthesis of silver-gold alloy nanoparticles by a phase-transfer system | We have studied the preparation of silver-gold alloy nanoparticles based on the phase transfer of metal precursors from aqueous phase to organic solution by a fatty amine at room temperature. Silver-gold nanoparticles were synthesized with different molar ratios (2:1, 1:1, 1:2). Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra suggested the formation of alloy phases. The elemental Ag:Au ratios in the bimetallic nanoparticles determined by energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) were consistent with the Ag:Au molar ratios used in the feeding solution. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the formation of a uniform size distribution of Ag:Au nanoparticles (around 5 nm). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the composition in the outer part of the Ag:Au nanoparticles was similar to that obtained by EDX analysis, which indicates the formation of homogeneous silver-gold nanoparticles. Silver-gold alloy nanoparticles on a gram scale can be obtained with this method. | 2,006 | 39 | null | [
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01bdaa0c50265e8789374d3485f87888fec3deda | Investigation of effect of using organic surfactant in structural properties of CuFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles | CuFe2O4 have been widely investigated and used in variety of applications such as magnetic material, anode material, catalyst, and so on, because of their attractive magnetic, electronic, thermal and catalytic properties.
Among methods to synthesize nanoferrites, the combustion synthesis is an easy, safe, rapid and economic method used to synthesise various oxides or to prepare multi-component ceramics. The process is based on a rapid redox reaction between a fuel (urea, citric acid, glycine, etc.) and oxidisers (generally metal nitrates), which starts under a moderated heating. This exothermic reaction can produce some fumes and/or a flame.
Applying surfactants, which are composed from molecules along with sol–gel method can improve the properties of the synthesized powders. In the presence of surfactant, surface tension of solution is reduced and this facilitates nucleation and formation of the new phases. The formation of reverse micelles in gel can be effective in controlling the particles growth and the distance between particles. It has been found that the surfactant prevents the agglomeration of the ferrite nanoparticles.
In this present study, the sol–gel auto-combustion method is applied for synthesizing the CuFe2O4/CTAB and CuFe2O4/SDS nanocomposite, using nickel nitrate, iron nitrate, ammonia, citric acid and CTAB and SDS as surfactant. The nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, SEM and FT-IR. Powder XRD analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed formation of CuFe2O4 spinel phase. SEM images show the effect of surfactants on morphology of nanoparticles. | 2,015 | 2 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01bf289b38ffdde2ad712ad270bf38d46503f5c9 | Mechanochemical Synthesis of poly(lactic acid) | Mechanical force driven synthesis has drawn an intense attention as a powerful alternative to conventional chemical synthesis.[1-3] Its way of conveying energy to promote chemical transformations is completely different from photo-, electro-, or thermal activations. The collision impact between hard substances delivers energy and mixing to chemical mixtures, where chemical transformation happens. The usefulness of mechanochemical synthesis, mostly ball milling techniques, has been proven in many organic reactions, for instance, imine formation, palladium catalyzed couplings, the Witting reactions, metal mediated C-H couplings, and metal-organic framework formations. Additional important merit of solid state chemical transformation is ‘solvent free synthesis’. In terms of green chemical aspects, use of no solvent would reduce a significant portion of chemical wastes. Also the maximization of effective chemical concentration could be beneficial for a reaction rate enhancement. Despite of those very attractive features, its application to polymer synthesis is currently in premature status. Only the synthesis of poly(phenylene vinylenes) and Poly(aryl imines) was investigated so far. [4-6] Given the interesting reactivity and appealing green chemical merits, we began the study on bio-based polymer synthesis, presenting herein poly(lactic acid).[7] PLA is not only renewable but also has many good mechanical properties, thus being currently utilized in many applications. Many catalysts have been reported for lactide polymerization in solution. We will present our results on various catalyst screening and reaction parameter effects using ball-mill technique (Figure 1 and 2). By the face to face comparison between solution and mechanochemical conditions, we would like to provide the better picture of ball-mill chemistry for polymer science. | 2,017 | 0 | null | [
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{
"authorId": "17670497",
"name": "Nuri Ohn"
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] | null | null | 286 |
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01c0e9b284d733a28ca85199f6cdaf1323304aa2 | Synthesis and Characterization of Biomodified Rubber Asphalt: Sustainable Waste Management Solution for Scrap Tire and Swine Manure | This paper investigates the feasibility of the application of scrap tire and swine manure to produce a sustainable alternative for bituminous asphalt used in pavement construction. Biobinder is produced from swine manure by using a thermochemical conversion process; biobinder is then blended with crumb rubber and asphalt binder (PG 64-22) to produce biomodified rubber (BMR) asphalt. In addition to offering a renewable alternative for petroleum-based binder, BMR can be a hybrid environmental solution for the management of swine manure and scrap tire. To study the merit of application of BMR in the asphalt industry, this paper compares the rheological properties of BMR with a crumb rubber–modified (CRM) binder commonly being used in the United States. The authors found that BMR has comparable properties with the CRM binder. In addition, the authors found that the introduction of the biobinder to the CRM binder was beneficial in improving the low temperature property of the CRM binder while also reducing the CRM binder’s overall viscosity. In turn, this would allow for lower mixing and compaction temperatures of CRM asphalt while alleviating crumb rubber’s stiffening effect and enhancing the CRM asphalt’s pumpability. A lower mixing and compaction temperature will reduce the greenhouse gas emission during application of the CRM binder in pavement construction. | 2,013 | 66 | null | [
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{
"authorId": "101642122",
"name": "Daniel J. Oldham"
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{
"authorId": "1403108460",
"name": "T. Abu-Lebdeh"
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01cdc04f1298e1eb70896a62f35d76f42a9b9b73 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01cdc04f1298e1eb70896a62f35d76f42a9b9b73 | Organic‐Inorganic Hybrids based on Polyoxometalates. Part 8 Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of the Heterosilylated Anions [PW9O34(tBuSiO)3(SiR)]3‐ (R = ‐CH3, ‐CH=CH2, ‐CH2‐CH=CH2, ‐(CH2)4‐CH=CH2) ‐ X‐ray Crystal Structure of [nBu4N]3[PW9O34(tBuSiO)3(SiCH2‐CH=CH2)] | The reaction of the open-structure anion [PW9O34(tBuSiOH)3]3- with RSiCl3 (R = (CH2)nCH=CH2 (n = 0, 1, 4)) affords [PW9O34(tBuSiO)3(SiR)]3- heterosilylated capped hybrid compounds. These complexes were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and in solution by multinuclear (1H, 29Si, 31P and 183W) NMR. Crystals of [nBu4N]3[PW9O34(tBuSiO)3Si(CH2-CH=CH2)] are orthorhombic, space group P212121 (No 19), with lattice constants a = 15.599(2) A, b = 23.963(5) A, c = 26.886(1) A, V = 10.050(3) A3, and Z = 4.
Organisch-anorganische Hybrid-Polyoxometallaten Derivate. Teil 8. Synthese und spektroskopische Charakterisierung der heterosylilierten Anionen [PW9O34(tBuSiO)3(SiR)]3- (R = -CH3, -CH=CH2, -CH2-CH=CH2, -(CH2)4-CH=CH2) - Kristallstruktur von [nBu4N]3[PW9O34(tBuSiO)3(SiCH=CH2)]
Die Reaktion des Anions [PW9O34(tBuSiOH)3]3- von offener Struktur mit RSiCl3 (R = (CH2)nCH=CH2 (n = 0, 1, 4)) ergibt [PW9O34(tBuSiO)3(SiR)]3- -heterosilierte, bekappte Hybridverbindungen. Diese Komplexe wurden durch IR-Spektroskopie und in Losung durch Mehrkern-NMR (1H, 29Si, 31P and 183W) charakterisiert. [nBu4N]3[PW9O34(tBuSiO)3Si(CH2-CH=CH2)] ist orthorhombisch, Raumgruppe P212121 (No 19), mit den Gitterkonstanten a = 15, 599(2) A, b = 23, 963(5) A, c = 26, 886(1) A, V = 10, 050(3) A3 und Z = 4. | 2,004 | 24 | null | [
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01d05fe4e974f5493907f1714b98de5814075563 | Graphical Abstracts | Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4439 Suggested Improved Method for the ING‐MANSKE and Related Reactions for the Second Step of Gabriel Synthesis of Primary Amines Azhar Ariffin, Mohammad Niyaz Khan, Lai Chwee Lan, Fan Yen May, and Chien Siew Yun Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4447 First Report on the Abnormal Dearylation/Alkylation Reaction in One‐Pot Hantzch Synthesis With 6‐Amino‐1,3‐dimethyl Uracil Anu Agarwal and Prem M. S. Chauhan Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4463 Synthesis of Novel 5‐trifluoromethyl‐2,4,7‐trisubstituted Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidines S. Ravikanth, G. Venkat Reddy, D. Maitraie, V. V. V. N. S. Rama Rao, P. Shanthan Rao and B. Narsaiah Organic Division‐II, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4471 Superoxide Ion Induced Oxidation of γ‐Lactones to γ‐Ketocarboxylic Acids S. Singh,1 M. Verma,2 and K. N. Singh2 1Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jhansi, India 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India γ‐Ketocarboxylic acids have been achieved in reasonably good yields from their corresponding lactones under the significantly mild reaction conditions of in situ generated tetraethylammonium superoxide. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4477 Regioselective Synthesis of α‐Iodoacetates from Alkenes/Ammonium Acetate/I2 by Woodward's Reaction Yi Yi Myint1 and M. A. Pasha2 1Department of Chemistry, Tadanabon University, Myanmar 2Department of Studies in Chemistry, Central College Campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4483 A Simple Method for Synthesis of Methylene Dioximes Using Poly(ethylene glycol)–400 as a Phase Transfer Catalyst Aarti S. Shedge,1 Bhanudas P. Kavitake,2 Uday V. Desai,3 and Prakash P. Wadgaonkar1 1Division of Polymer Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India 2Department of Chemistry, Mudhoji College, Phaltan, Dist. Satara, India 3Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India A simple method for synthesis of methylene dioximes by reaction of ketoximes with dichloromethane in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution using poly (ethylene glycol)‐400 (PEG‐400) as a phase transfer catalyst is described. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4487 Enantioselective Aldol‐Type Reaction Using Diketene Takahiro Kawase, Shinobu Takizawa, Doss Jayaprakash, and Hiroaki Sasai The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4493 Novel Synthesis of p‐t‐butylcalix[n]arenes Bearing Ethylene Glycol Ether Chains Chaoguo Yan, Lin An, and Jing Sun College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China The synthesis of p‐t‐Butylcalixarene derivatives 3a–d, which contain ethylene glycol ether units at the lower rim in moderate yields, is described via alkylation reaction of chloroacetates. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4499 Stereospecific Syntheses of Chiral Epoxides Bearing 1,4‐Diyne or 1,4‐Enyne Unit via Alkylative Epoxide Rearrangement Chao Che1,2 and Zhongning Zhang1,2 1State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Insects and Rodent, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China 2Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China The coupling of a series of 1,4‐diynes and 1,4‐enynes with epoxy tosylate was explored through alkylative epoxide rearrangement, from which chiral epoxides bearing 1,4‐diyne and 1,4‐enyne unit were successfully synthesized. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4507 Thermal Ring Closure Reaction of 4‐methyl‐7‐(1,1‐Disubstituted Propyn‐2‐yloxy)chromen‐2‐Ones: The Effects of the Substituents at Propargylic Position on Reactivity and Products Qian Zhang, Ying Chen, Yi Xia, Zhengyu Yang, and Peng Xia Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China As the substituents at the propargylic position became bulkier, the thermal ring closure of 4‐methyl‐7‐(1,1‐disubstituted propyn‐2‐yloxy)chromen‐2‐ones (1) could occur in much milder condition and the five‐membered products, 4‐methyl‐furano[2,3‐h]2H‐chromen‐2‐ones (3) became the main products. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4517 Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Porphyrinogen‐Like Macrocycle Schiff Base Ligands Jinfu Zheng, Xugang Guo, and Zhengyin Yang State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P.R. China Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4521 Organic Reactions in Ionic Liquids: Ionic Liquid Promoted Knoevenagel Condensation of Aromatic Aldehydes with (2‐thio)Barbituric Acid Yi Hu,1,2 Zhen‐Chu Chen,1,2 Zhang‐Gao Le,1,2,3 and Qin‐Guo Zheng4 1Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, P.R. China 2Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University (Xi Xi Campus), Hangzhou, P.R. China 3Department of Applied Chemistry, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, P.R. China 4Pharmaceutical Science Research Institute, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, United Kingdom Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4531 Catalyzed Preparation of Ylidenemalononitriles and 3‐Cyanocoumarin in Water Ming Zhang1 and Ai‐Qin Zhang2 1Chemistry College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China 2Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Aeronautical Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China As sodium hydroxide is used as catalyst, Knoevenagel condensation of malononitrile with aromatic aldehydes can take place at room temperature in water. 3‐Cyanocoumarin was obtained by one‐pot synthesis. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4537 Efficient Synthesis of Biologically Interesting Dehydro‐α‐Lapachone and α‐Lapachone Yong Rok Lee and Won Kyong Lee School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Yeungnam University, Kyongsan, Korea An efficient synthesis of biologically active dehydro‐α‐lapachone and α‐lapachone has been carried out starting from 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone by a tandem Knoevenagel‐electrocyclic reaction. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4545 Odorless Thioacetalization Reagent 2‐[1,3]Dithian‐2‐Ylidene‐3‐Oxo‐Butanamide and its Chemoselectivity Jun Liu, Qun Liu, Haifeng Yu, Yan Ouyang, and Dewen Dong Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, P.R. China Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4557 Three‐component One‐pot Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydropyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazole Derivatives in Aqueous Media Daqing Shi,1,2 Jie Mou,1 Qiya Zhuang,1,2 Lihui Niu,1 Nan Wu1, and Xiangshan Wang1,2 1Department of Chemistry, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou, P.R. China 2The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Medical Plant of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, P.R. China 6‐Amino‐5‐cyano‐4‐aryl‐1,4‐dihydropyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles were synthesized by three‐component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and 3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐5‐one using triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBA) as catalyst in aqueous media. The reaction has the advantages of good yields, less pollution, easy to be separated, and environment friendly. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4565 One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐amino‐4‐aryl‐3‐Carbalkoxy‐7,7‐Dimethyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydrobenzo[b]Pyran Derivatives Catalyzed by KF/Basic Al2O3 Under Ultrasound Irradiation Ji‐Tai Li, Wen‐Zhi Xu, Li‐Chao Yang, and Tong‐Shuang Li College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Baoding, P.R. China One‐pot synthesis of 2‐amino‐4‐aryl‐3‐carbalkoxy‐7,7‐dimethyl‐5‐oxo‐5,6,7,8‐tertrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives was carried out in 81‐98% yields by condensation of aromatic aldehydes with cyanoacetic esters and 5,5‐dimethyl‐1,3‐cyclohexanedione catalyzed by KF/basic Al2O3 at room temperature under ultrasound irradiation. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4573 Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,6‐Disubstituted Tetrahydropyridines via aza‐Diels‐Alder Reactions Shang‐Shing P. Chou and Kai‐Wei Chen Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China The aza‐Diels‐Alder reactions of (E)‐2‐(phenylthio)‐1,3‐pentadiene (2) with iminium salts, generated in situ from aldehydes and amines hydrochlorides, gave the 2,6‐disubstituted tetrahydropyridines 3–8. Factors influencing the stereochemistry and reactivity of these reactions were also studied. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4583 Development of a New α‐Aminonitrile Synthesis Guo‐Hua Chu, Minghua Gu, Baudouin Gerard, and Roland E. Dolle Department of Chemistry, Adolor Corporation, Exton, Pennsylvania, USA α‐Aminonitriles are prepared upon reaction of aryl carboxaldehydes with LiHMDS and acetone cyanohydrin. This new method provides a general route to the synthesis of various substituted α‐amino‐arylacetonitriles in high yield and purity, and avoids the use of the highly toxic cyanide salts. Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4591 A Fast and Convenient Procedure for the Acetylation of Alcohols Roxana Martinez‐Pascual, Omar Viñas‐Bravo, Socorro Meza‐Reyes, Martín, A. Iglesias‐Arteaga, and Jesús Sandoval‐Ramírez Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Pue. México Synth. Commun. 2004, 34, 4597 1‐benzyl‐4‐aza‐1‐Azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]Octane Tribromide as a Highly Reactive Brominating Agent for Aniline Derivatives A. R. Hajipour,1 H. Imanieh,2 and S. A. Pourmousavi1 1Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, IR Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Gazvin, IR Iran This paper describes the conversion of aniline derivatives to the corresponding polybrominated derivatives. | 2,004 | 0 | null | [] | null | null | 289 |
|
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01dd1bae82186758a5789833aef0e824c4ca199b | Metal-organic frameworks for platinum group metal extraction | This Thesis describes the synthesis and characterisation of a variety of functionalised metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These MOFs have been used for the extraction of platinum group metal (PGM) compounds from aqueous and organic solvents and for the storage of gases such as CO2, CH4 and the C2 hydrocarbons.
Chapter 1 contains an introduction to PGM properties and uses with specific focus on the chemical properties which allow for separation of PGMs from base metal compounds and for separation between different PGM compounds. The synthesis and structure prediction of MOFs is then introduced, leading into an overview of the use of functionalised MOFs, especially those used for the encapsulation and extraction of metal ions from solution. General experimental techniques and details are described, as is the theory behind inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), the most widely used analytical technique reported in this work.
Chapter 2 describes the synthesis of chemically stable amine-functionalised Zr(IV) MOFs; UiO-68-NH2 and UiO-66-NH2, for extraction of PGM anions from aqueous and acidic solutions. ICP-OES was used to show that both materials exhibit close to 100% uptake of PtCl62- when present in just 3.5 equivalents per anion, comparable to the best materials reported for PtCl62- extraction. Furthermore, UiO-66-NH2 exhibited consistently higher PtCl62- uptake from aqueous solutions than four industrially used materials supplied by Johnson Matthey. Back-extraction of PtCl62- was demonstrated simply by heating the doped MOF in 4 M HCl, removing 99% of the PGM while maintaining the phase and crystallinity of UiO-66-NH2. Separation of PdCl62- from PtCl62- from acidic HCl solutions was exhibited by UiO-66-NH2, showing an exceptional selectivity of 20:1 for Pd:Pt from 2 M HCl. Likewise, 100% selectivity for PtCl62- and PdCl62- over CuCl2 and CuSO4 from acidic solutions was demonstrated, even in cases in which Cu was in 100-fold excess. Solid state NMR was employed to confirm the interaction between the framework and the PGM anions, with XPS results suggesting that the encapsulated Pt species within UiO-66-NH2 may be PtCl3(NH2)3 or PtCl4(NH2)2.
Chapter 3 describes the synthesis and characterisation of a series of functionalised Cu(II) MOFs, NOTT-151, -155, -125 and -150, for the removal of neutral PGM complexes, Pd(OAc)2, PtCl4 and Rh2(OAc)4, from THF. The design of the MOFs allowed for an investigation into the effect of different topologies (ssa and fof), cage sizes and functional groups (amine, oxamide and methyl) on the uptake of each PGM complex. ICP-OES analysis showed that the MOFs were capable of extracting each PGM complex. The oxamide-functionalised NOTT-125 exhibited the most consistent uptake of Pd(OAc)2 with a maximum capacity of 35 mg g-1 (7 NH(CO)2NH groups per PtCl4). The amine-functionalised NOTT-155 showed the highest uptake of PtCl4, with a maximum capacity of 73 mg g-1 (4 NH2 groups per PtCl4). Uptake of Rh2(OAc)4 was generally low, however NOTT-125 showed a maximum extraction of 87 mg g-1 (3 NH(CO)2NH groups per PGM). The larger pore fof MOFs, NOTT-155 and NOTT-125, were more effective for each extraction than the MOFs of ssa topology, NOTT-151 and NOTT-150. However, of the ssa MOFs, amine-functionalised NOTT-151 was shown to give higher uptake of each PGM than the isostructural methyl-functionalised NOTT-150. This demonstrated the importance of incorporating a functional group capable of coordinating to the metal complex.
Chapter 4 introduces the use of a nitrogen-rich triazine core in the synthesis of a variety of organic linkers to prepare MOFs for gas storage applications. The preparation of a novel 3,24-connected Cu(II) MOF of rht topology, denoted NOTT-160, is described and the structure characterised using X-ray crystallography. The material is shown to exhibit good uptake of C2 hydrocarbons with uptake of 128 cc g-1, 115 cc g-1, 110 cc g-1 for C2H2, C2H4, C2H6 respectively at 298 K and 1 bar (this becomes 212 cc g-1, 175 cc g-1 and 201 cc g-1 at 273 K and 1 bar). The selectivities of 79:1 and 70:1 calculated using Henry’s law for the separations of C2H2:CH4 and C2H4:CH4 respectively at 298 K are the third and second highest reported values for a MOF under these conditions. Ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) was also employed to calculate and predict these selectivities and shows agreement with the results obtained using Henry’s law. In addition, NOTT-160 shows an exceptional volumetric working capacity for CH4 of 221 cm3 cm-3 at 80 bar and 298 K. This is the second highest working capacity reported for a MOF under these conditions, with the excellent performance attributed to the high porosity and comparatively high crystal density of the material.
Chapter 5 contains a summary of the work presented in this thesis. | 2,016 | 0 | null | [
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01de554362c591bc9d3b2ffb4b132e50c0603980 | Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Anionic sp(2) -sp(3) Diboron Compounds: Readily Accessible Boryl Nucleophiles. | Lewis base adducts of tetra-alkoxy diboron compounds, in particular bis(pinacolato)diboron (B2 pin2 ), have been proposed as the active source of nucleophilic boryl species in metal-free borylation reactions. We report the isolation and detailed structural characterization (by solid-state and solution NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography) of a series of anionic adducts of B2 pin2 with hard Lewis bases, such as alkoxides and fluoride. The study was extended to alternative Lewis bases, such as acetate, and other diboron reagents. The B(sp(2) )-B(sp(3) ) adducts exhibit two distinct boron environments in the solid-state and solution NMR spectra, except for [(4-tBuC6 H4 O)B2 pin2 ](-) , which shows rapid site exchange in solution. DFT calculations were performed to analyze the stability of the adducts with respect to dissociation. Stoichiometric reaction of the isolated adducts with two representative series of organic electrophiles-namely, aryl halides and diazonium salts-demonstrate the relative reactivities of the anionic diboron compounds as nucleophilic boryl anion sources. | Chemistry | 2,015 | 142 | null | [
{
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"authorId": "13017141",
"name": "Emily C. Neeve"
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"authorId": "2217450332",
"name": "Zhenyang Lin"
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{
"authorId": "3467570",
"name": "C. Kleeberg"
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{
"authorId": "143995061",
"name": "T. Marder"
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01e12d48674a4ef20abf57d8266bae1ee7834521 | Preillumination of TiO2 and Ta2O5 photoactive thin films as a tool to tailor the synthesis of composite materials. | Illumination of TiO 2 thin films with UV light is known to induce the transformation of the surface of this material from partially hydrophobic into fully hydrophilic. The present work shows that this transformation is accompanied by other effects that may be used to control the synthesis of composite materials. For this purpose, TiO 2 and Ta 2O 5 transparent thin films with a columnar structure and open pores were prepared by electron evaporation at glancing angles. Transparent TiO 2 thin films with micropores (i.e., pores smaller than 2 nm) prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) were also used. All these films became hydrophilic upon UV illumination. Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine 800 dyes were irreversibly adsorbed within the columns of the TiO 2 and Ta 2O 5 thin films by immersion into a water solution of these molecules. Isolated and aggregated molecules of these two dyes were detected by visible absorption spectroscopy. The infiltration adsorption efficiency was directly correlated with the acidity of the medium, increasing at basic pHs as expected from simple considerations based on the concepts of the point of zero charge (PZC) in colloidal oxides. The infiltration experiments were repeated with columnar TiO 2 and Ta 2O 5 thin films that were subjected to preillumination with UV light. It was found that this treatment produced a modification in the type (isolated or aggregated) and amount of dye molecules incorporated into the pores. Moreover, the selective adsorption of a given dye in preilluminated areas of the films permitted the lithographic coloring of the films. Preillumination also controls the UV induced deposition of silver on the surface of the microporous TiO 2 thin films. It was found that the size distribution of the formed silver nanoparticles was dependent on the preillumination treatment and that a well-resolved surface plasmon resonance at around 500 nm was only monitored in the preilluminated films. A model is proposed to account for the effects induced by UV preillumination on the TiO 2 and Ta 2O 5 oxide surfaces. The possibilities of this type of light treatment for the tailored synthesis of nanocomposite thin films (i.e., dye-oxide, metal nanoparticles-oxide) are highlighted. | Langmuir | 2,008 | 32 | null | [
{
"authorId": "1398421299",
"name": "J. Sánchez-Valencia"
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"authorId": "2457310",
"name": "A. Borrás"
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"name": "Á. Barranco"
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"authorId": "1396087846",
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01e325e3491102c30c61a70a6279f6672b1eccf0 | {
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} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01e325e3491102c30c61a70a6279f6672b1eccf0 | Bamboo-Like Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes with Co Nanoparticles Encapsulated at the Tips: Uniform and Large-Scale Synthesis and High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction. | In recent years, various non-precious metal electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) have been extensively investigated. The development of an efficient and simple method to synthesize non-precious metal catalysts with ORR activity superior to that of Pt is extremely significant for large-scale applications of fuel cells. Here, we develop a facile, low-cost, and large-scale synthesis method for uniform nitrogen-doped (N-doped) bamboo-like CNTs (NBCNT) with Co nanoparticles encapsulated at the tips by annealing a mixture of cobalt acetate and melamine. The uniform NBCNT shows better ORR catalytic activity and higher stability in alkaline solutions as compared with commercial Pt/C and comparable catalytic activity to Pt/C in acidic media. NBCNTs exhibit outstanding ORR catalytic activity due to high defect density, uniform bamboo-like structure, and the synergistic effect between the Co nanoparticles and protective graphitic layers. This facile method to synthesize catalysts, which is amenable to the large-scale commercialization of fuel cells, will open a new avenue for the development of low-cost and high-performance ORR catalysts to replace Pt-based catalysts for applications in energy conversion. | Chemistry | 2,015 | 69 | null | [
{
"authorId": "6788509",
"name": "Tai Cao"
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{
"authorId": "92940053",
"name": "Dingsheng Wang"
},
{
"authorId": "49235616",
"name": "Jiatao Zhang"
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{
"authorId": "2252001114",
"name": "C. Cao"
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{
"authorId": "66419366",
"name": "Yadong Li"
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] | null | null | 293 |
01e830c8db8ec041cffda9046f5cec5e178af448 | {
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} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01e830c8db8ec041cffda9046f5cec5e178af448 | Synthesis of Glycoconjugated Polymer Based on Polystyrene and Nanoporous β-Cyclodextrin to Remove Copper (II) From Water Pollution | A novel glycoconjugated polymer, poly (styrene-co-(cyclodextrinmethyl) styrene), was synthesized from reacting poly (styrene-co-(chloromethyl) styrene) with nanoporous β-cyclodextrin in the presence of pyridine in DMF as the solvent. The obtained glycoconjugated polymer was able to solubilize some hydrophobic guest molecules such as cholesterol and also could capture some heavy metals through their nanocavities. In practice, to the solution of water containing hazardous heavily metal, the previously obtained copolymer was added then with addition acetone or methanol the complex was precipitated and purified. The loading amount of captured metals through copolymer was evaluated using UV-vis spectroscopy. The DSC data provided direct evidence of the thermal stability of the synthesized copolymer. The structure determination of the obtained copolymer was characterized using common spectroscopic methods such as 1H NMR and FT-IR. | 2,014 | 57 | null | [
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"name": "H. Namazi"
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{
"authorId": "91987271",
"name": "A. Heydari"
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{
"authorId": "92237840",
"name": "Ali Pourfarzolla"
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] | null | null | 294 |
|
01f21ca2854b142e1d6932e39137e18fc8566dae | {
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{
"authorId": "1398993692",
"name": "K. Asadpour‐Zeynali"
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{
"authorId": "97127894",
"name": "Elnaz Delnavaz"
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"CorpusId": 19444345,
"DBLP": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/IC049694T",
"MAG": "1974720063",
"PubMed": "15360264",
"PubMedCentral": null
} | {
"alternate_issns": [
"2292-9886"
],
"alternate_names": [
"Inorg Chem"
],
"alternate_urls": [
"http://pubs.acs.org/journals/inocaj/",
"http://pubs.acs.org/journals/inocaj/index.html"
],
"id": "12435c5f-1a16-4ac3-a127-193487a388e6",
"issn": "0020-1669",
"name": "Inorganic Chemistry",
"type": "journal",
"url": "https://pubs.acs.org/journal/inocaj"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01f244001bbce3f47a15a2a87f13730c2bbd539d | Synthesis and H+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ coordination behavior of a bis(fluorophoric) bibrachial lariat aza-crown. | The synthesis, protonation behavior, and Cu2+ and Zn2+ coordination chemistry of the novel bibrachial aza lariat ether (naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)[2-(20-[2-[(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)amino]ethyl]-3,6,9,17,20,23,29,30-octaazatricyclo[23.3.1.1*11,15*]triaconta-1(29),11(30),12,14,25,27-hexaen-6-yl)ethyl]amine (L) are discussed. The macrocycle, which has two aminoethyl naphthyl moieties symmetrically appended to a 2:2 azapyridinophane structure, displays, in the pH range 2-11, six protonation steps that correspond to the protonation of the secondary amino groups. Steady-state fluorescence measurements show emissions due to the monomer and to the excimer formed between the two naphthalene fragments of the macrocycle. The time-resolved fluorescence data, obtained by the time-correlated single photon counting technique, show that a significant percentage of excimer is preformed as ground-state dimers. The ligand L forms with the metal ions Cu2+ and Zn2+ mono- and dinuclear complexes in aqueous solution. The influence of metal coordination in the fluorescence emission of L is analyzed. The acid-base, coordination capabilities, and emissive behavior of L are compared with those presented by its synthetic precursor L1, which has a tripodal tris(2-aminoethyl)amine structure functionalized at one of its terminal amino groups with a naphthyl moiety. | Inorganic Chemistry | 2,004 | 47 | {
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://estudogeral.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/12875/1/Synthesis%20and%20H%2b%2c%20Cu2%2b.pdf"
} | [
{
"authorId": "6178803",
"name": "M. Clares"
},
{
"authorId": "145204376",
"name": "J. Aguilar"
},
{
"authorId": "15596375",
"name": "Ricardo Aucejo"
},
{
"authorId": "3356384",
"name": "C. Lodeiro"
},
{
"authorId": "144089438",
"name": "M. Albelda"
},
{
"authorId": "80814207",
"name": "F. Pina"
},
{
"authorId": "144472634",
"name": "J. C. Lima"
},
{
"authorId": "144055557",
"name": "A. Parola"
},
{
"authorId": "104934679",
"name": "J. Pina"
},
{
"authorId": "7621666",
"name": "J. S. Seixas de Melo"
},
{
"authorId": "145739339",
"name": "C. Soriano"
},
{
"authorId": "1404819022",
"name": "E. Garcı́a-España"
}
] | https://estudogeral.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/12875/1/Synthesis%20and%20H%2b%2c%20Cu2%2b.pdf | estudogeral.uc.pt | 296 |
01f3d9537fc8a6670d5c65c61ba6422c008423b2 | {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"CorpusId": 103726405,
"DBLP": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/ACSMACROLETT.7B00385",
"MAG": "2724518676",
"PubMed": "35650861",
"PubMedCentral": null
} | {
"alternate_issns": null,
"alternate_names": [
"AC Macro Lett"
],
"alternate_urls": [
"http://pubs.acs.org/journal/amlccd"
],
"id": "a1c785be-6009-4c64-bae6-6704cb30da4b",
"issn": "2161-1653",
"name": "ACS Macro Letters",
"type": "journal",
"url": "https://pubs.acs.org/journal/amlccd"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01f3d9537fc8a6670d5c65c61ba6422c008423b2 | Rigid-to-Flexible Conformational Transformation: An Efficient Route to Ring-Opening of a Tröger's Base-Containing Ladder Polymer. | The synthesis of ladder polymers is still a big challenge in polymer chemistry, and in particular, there are few examples of conformationally flexible well-defined ladder polymers. Here we report an efficient and convenient route to conformationally flexible ladder polymers, which is based on a postpolymerization reaction of a rigid ladder polymer containing Tröger's base in its main chain. The postpolymerization reaction involves sequential N-methylation and hydrolysis for the Tröger's base unit, resulting in a diazacyclooctane skeleton that can exhibit a ring-flipping motion. Molecular dynamics simulations predicted that this motion provides conformational flexibility with the resultant ladder polymer, which was demonstrated by 1H NMR spectroscopy in solution. The presence of the diazacyclooctane units in the flexible ladder polymer allowed further functionalization through reactions involving its secondary amine moiety. The present synthetic method may lead to the development of a new class of ladder polymers that exhibit both conformational and design flexibility. | ACS Macro Letters | 2,017 | 30 | null | [
{
"authorId": "6126994",
"name": "Fumitaka Ishiwari"
},
{
"authorId": "2096916109",
"name": "Nobuhiko Takeuchi"
},
{
"authorId": "2110904762",
"name": "Takahiro Sato"
},
{
"authorId": "48536465",
"name": "H. Yamazaki"
},
{
"authorId": "16312206",
"name": "Ryota Osuga"
},
{
"authorId": "5176447",
"name": "J. Kondo"
},
{
"authorId": "48300810",
"name": "T. Fukushima"
}
] | null | null | 297 |
01f4b393e2efcc0d6f623ca6248efe400698c24e | {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"CorpusId": 255552632,
"DBLP": null,
"DOI": "10.1007/s12247-018-9333-1",
"MAG": null,
"PubMed": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
} | {
"alternate_issns": null,
"alternate_names": [
"J Pharm Innov"
],
"alternate_urls": [
"https://link.springer.com/journal/12247"
],
"id": "34a463d6-95c0-414c-bb96-91b126e298f7",
"issn": "1872-5120",
"name": "Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation",
"type": "journal",
"url": "https://www.springer.com/biomed/pharmacology+&+toxicology/journal/12247"
} | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01f4b393e2efcc0d6f623ca6248efe400698c24e | 5-Fluorocytosine/5-Fluorouracil Drug-Drug Cocrystal: a New Development Route Based on Mechanochemical Synthesis | null | Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation | 2,018 | 0 | null | [
{
"authorId": "113170385",
"name": "C. D. da Silva"
},
{
"authorId": "1398629247",
"name": "Cristiane C. de Melo"
},
{
"authorId": "144702728",
"name": "Matheus S. Souza"
},
{
"authorId": "50816681",
"name": "L. F. Diniz"
},
{
"authorId": "5345339",
"name": "R. Carneiro"
},
{
"authorId": "2086300470",
"name": "J. Ellena"
}
] | null | null | 298 |
01f6a3505df5bde6264511a58aeb35882341c735 | {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"CorpusId": 95723671,
"DBLP": null,
"DOI": "10.1016/J.TET.2012.05.025",
"MAG": "2033851861",
"PubMed": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
} | null | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01f6a3505df5bde6264511a58aeb35882341c735 | Synthesis of carbazole-based dendrimer: host material for highly efficient solution-processed blue organic electrophosphorescent diodes | null | 2,012 | 13 | null | [
{
"authorId": "144537041",
"name": "Wei Jiang"
},
{
"authorId": "13436764",
"name": "Jinan Tang"
},
{
"authorId": "2121299982",
"name": "Wen Yang"
},
{
"authorId": "40396515",
"name": "Xinxin Ban"
},
{
"authorId": "2110783101",
"name": "Bin Huang"
},
{
"authorId": "12485883",
"name": "Yunqian Dai"
},
{
"authorId": "49697125",
"name": "Yueming Sun"
},
{
"authorId": "143834141",
"name": "Lian Duan"
},
{
"authorId": "38117208",
"name": "J. Qiao"
},
{
"authorId": "153754826",
"name": "Liduo Wang"
},
{
"authorId": "144205671",
"name": "Y. Qiu"
}
] | null | null | 299 |
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