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bene-ges
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wikipedia_en

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part_xaa/abraham_sanchez
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abraham_S\u00e1nchez","to":"Abraham S\u00e1nchez"}],"pages":{"48252091":{"pageid":48252091,"ns":0,"title":"Abraham S\u00e1nchez","extract":"Abraham S\u00e1nchez (born April 11, 1992 in San Luis Potos\u00ed City, San Luis Potos\u00ed) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays for Celaya on loan from Club Necaxa of Ascenso MX.\n\n\nExternal links\n[1]\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/aby_rosen
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Aby_Rosen","to":"Aby Rosen"}],"pages":{"8968713":{"pageid":8968713,"ns":0,"title":"Aby Rosen","extract":"Aby J. Rosen (born May 16, 1960) is a German-American real estate tycoon living in New York City. He co-founded RFR Holding, which owns a portfolio of 93 properties valued over $15.5 billion in cities including New York, Miami, Las Vegas, and Tel Aviv. Highlights include the Seagram Building, W South Beach, The Jaffa Tel Aviv, Gramercy Park Hotel, Paramount Hotel, and Miracle Mile Shops at Planet Hollywood Resort & Casino, among other properties. Rosen is also a member of, a founding investor in, and the landlord of the CORE Club in New York.Rosen is a noted collector of modern and contemporary art, owning more than 800 postwar pieces, including 100-plus works by Andy Warhol. His collection includes pieces by Jean-Michel Basquiat, Alexander Calder, Damien Hirst, Richard Prince and Jeff Koons.\n\n\nEarly life\nRosen was born in Frankfurt, West Germany, in 1960, the son of Jewish Holocaust survivors. His mother, Anni, spent World War II hiding in a Belgian farmhouse, while his father, Isak, was held in concentration camps in Germany and occupied Poland. After the war, Anni became a painter and Isak a real estate developer. Rosen attended local schools before going to Wolfgang Goethe University, where he graduated with a business degree. His parents moved to Israel by the 1990s, living in Tel Aviv.\n\n\nCareer\nIn 1987, Rosen moved to New York City. He apprenticed at a real estate brokerage firm selling properties to German investors.\n\n\nReal estate holdings\nIn 1991, he founded the partnership RFR Holding LLC with his childhood friend Michael Fuchs, also a son of Holocaust survivors. The real estate market was in a downturn at the time, but they had access to capital, initially using properties they owned in Germany as collateral. Later they leveraged their access to German investors. Their strategy was to purchase large, vacant office buildings in need of an upgrade and hire architects to refurbish them to high standards. In the 15 years after RFR Holding was established in 1991, Rosen acquired a large portfolio of office buildings, including the Seagram Building, purchased for $375 million from the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association in 2000, and Lever House.\nIn 2006, Rosen partnered with Ian Schrager, a longtime friend and co-founder of Studio 54, to transform the 123-year-old Gramercy Park Hotel with minimalist architect John Pawson. In 2014, they put the hotel on the market for $260 million, after completing a four-year, $200 million renovation.In 2006, Rosen announced plans to develop the site at 610 Lexington Avenue in NYC (directly behind the Seagram Building) into a glass hotel and condominium tower to be designed by Sir Norman Foster.\n\n\nLever House Art Collection\n\nThe Lever House Art Collection is a collection of works commissioned by Rosen for display at the Lever House. It is curated by Richard Marshall, an art historian and associate curator for the Whitney Museum. The Lever House Art Collection was inaugurated in 2004 featuring a work by Jorge Pardo. Other works have included Bride Fight by E.V. Day, Hulks by Jeff Koons, and Hello Kitty by Tom Sachs.\n\n\nOutside the United States\nRosen and Fuchs hold a large real estate portfolio in Germany, especially in Frankfurt. In early 2007, they bought the headquarters building of the European Central Bank. The company also owns the Swift Haus Jungfernstieg in Hamburg. This portfolio is administered by their office in Frankfurt.\n\n\nPersonal life\nRosen has been married twice. In 1991, he married Elizabeth Mina Wechsler in a Jewish ceremony at The Pierre in Manhattan. Before their separation in 2000 and divorce in 2004, they had two sons, Gabriel (born 1994) and Charles (born 1996).In 2005, Rosen married Dr. Samantha Boardman, a psychiatrist and socialite. Boardman is the daughter of D. Dixon Boardman, who founded the hedge fund Optima Fund Management, and Pauline Pitt, a banking heiress. Boardman graduated from Harvard University and Cornell University medical school. She converted to Judaism. Together, they have two children, Alexander (born 2006) and Vivian (born 2007).\n\n\nPersonal residences\n\nRosen resides on the Upper East Side of Manhattan with his wife and their two children. The family summers in Southampton, New York, where they have a $21.5 million home.In 2011, Rosen bought the A. Conger Goodyear House in Old Westbury, New York on Long Island for $3.4 million. The house was designed and built in 1938 by Edward Durell Stone in the International Style for Anson Conger Goodyear, the first president of the Museum of Modern Art. Rosen completed a several-year renovation of the property. He keeps many of his important pieces of art there, including The Virgin Mother, a 13-ton, 33-foot-high bronze sculpture by Damien Hirst of a pregnant woman with peeled skin and an exposed fetus.In 2012, Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani, the former prime minister of Qatar, reportedly bought Rosen's 71st Street New York townhouse for $47 million. Rosen is also reported to own a $36 million vacation home in Saint Barth\u00e9lemy.Rosen is known for his annual dinner party at the W South Beach during Art Basel. It has drawn a mix of celebrities and business leaders.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nSources\nCalderone, Michael (January 16, 2006). \"The Bond Street Boys\". The New York Observer. Archived from the original on August 31, 2006. Retrieved February 1, 2007.\nBrowne, Alix (March 5, 2006). \"Agents Provocateurs\". The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2007.\nVogel, Carol (May 7, 2004). \"National Gallery Enriched by Gift\". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 3, 2009. Retrieved February 1, 2007.\nKarush Rogers, Teri (August 14, 2005). \"A Taste for Timing, and Confrontational Art\". The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2007."}}}}
part_xaa/abutilon_indicum
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abutilon_indicum","to":"Abutilon indicum"}],"pages":{"7966265":{"pageid":7966265,"ns":0,"title":"Abutilon indicum","extract":"Abutilon indicum (Indian abutilon, Indian mallow) is a small shrub in the family Malvaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions. This plant is a valuable medicinal and ornamental plant, its roots and leaves being used for curing fevers. It has been widely introduced outside of its native range, and is considered invasive on certain tropical islands.\nHindi name: \u0915\u0902\u0902\u0918\u093e\u0907 \"Kanghai\"\nUrdu name: \u06a9\u0646\u06af\u06be\u06cc \"Kanghi\"\nTamil name: \u0ba4\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bbf \"thuthi\"\nSanskrit name: \u0905\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0932\u093e Atibalaa\nTulu name: \"urki\"\nTelugu name: Duvvena Kayalu \"duvvena benda\"(\u0c26\u0c41\u0c35\u0c4d\u0c35\u0c46\u0c28 \u0c2c\u0c46\u0c02\u0c21)\nKannada name: TuThThi gida (\u0ca4\u0cc1\u0ca5\u0ccd\u0ca5\u0cbf \u0c97\u0cbf\u0ca1)\nMalayalam name:\u0d35\u0d46\u0d33\u0d4d\u0d33\u0d42\u0d30\u0d02\nOdia name: \u0b2a\u0b47\u0b21\u0b3c\u0b3f \u0b2a\u0b47\u0b21\u0b3c\u0b3f\u0b15\u0b3e \"Pedi Pedika\" \n\n\nDistribution\nThe species occurs in a number of tropical and subtropical zones. An example occurrence is within parts of the Great Barrier Reef islands of the Coral Sea.\n\n\nTraditional medicine\nIn traditional medicine, A. indicum various parts of the plant are used as a demulcent, aphrodisiac, laxative, diuretic, sedative, astringent, expectorant, tonic, anti-convulsant, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, and analgesic and to treat leprosy, ulcers, headaches, gonorrhea, and bladder infection. The whole plant is uprooted, dried and is powdered. In ancient days, maidens were made to consume a spoonful of this powder with a spoonful of honey, once in a day, for 6 months until the day of marriage, for a safe and quick pregnancy.The plant is commonly used in Siddha medicines. The root, bark, flowers, leaves and seeds are all used for medicinal purposes by Tamils. The leaves are used as adjunct to medicines used for pile complaints. The flowers are used to increase semen in men.\n\n\nChemistry\n\u03b2-Sitosterol is present in A. indicum and a petroleum ether extract has larvicidal properties against the mosquito larvae Culex quinquefasciatus. A methanol extract of A. indicum has some antimicrobial properties.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nAbutilon indicum, Indian Mallow Sinhalese Name:Beheth Anoda Indian Mallow, Abutilon\nAbutilon indicum photo\nAbutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet Medicinal Plant Images Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University) (in Chinese) (in English)"}}}}
part_xaa/adel_fellous
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adel_Fellous","to":"Adel Fellous"}],"pages":{"6104549":{"pageid":6104549,"ns":0,"title":"Adel Fellous","extract":"Adel Fellous (born 16 February 1978) is a former professional rugby league footballer who last played for the L\u00e9zignan Sangliers club in the Elite One Championship. His usual position was prop-forward. He was an experienced French international who had previously played for the Catalans Dragons, Hull F.C. and Toulouse Olympique.\n\n\nBackground\nFellous was born in France.\n\n\nCareer\nIn 2008, he joined injury-hit Hull F.C. on loan until the end of March.He was named in the France squad for the 2008 Rugby League World Cup and played in two matches.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nHull FC profile\nSL stats"}}}}
part_xaa/abel_buades
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abel_Buades","to":"Abel Buades"}],"pages":{"41081769":{"pageid":41081769,"ns":0,"title":"Abel Buades","extract":"Abel Buades Vendrell (born 11 July 1977) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a midfielder, currently a manager.\nHe amassed Segunda Divisi\u00f3n totals of 143 games and 13 goals, over the course of six seasons. He appeared for Gimn\u00e0stic in La Liga, in a 20-year senior career.\n\n\nPlaying career\nBorn in Benimodo, Valencian Community, Buades spent his first four seasons as a senior representing CF Gand\u00eda, in Tercera Divisi\u00f3n and Segunda Divisi\u00f3n B. He then signed with Villarreal CF, being assigned to its farm team CD Onda and also loaned to Segunda Divisi\u00f3n club Racing de Ferrol.\nIn the following two seasons, Buades played in the third division with CD Calahorra and CD Castell\u00f3n. In July 2003 he moved to Gimn\u00e0stic de Tarragona, being promoted to the second tier at the first attempt and contributing 26 matches in the process. In 2006 another promotion befell, with the player again as first choice.\nBuades made his La Liga debut on 27 August 2006, playing the full 90 minutes in a 1\u20130 away win against RCD Espanyol. He scored his first and only goal in the competition on 28 October, but in a 1\u20133 home loss to Real Madrid; the Catalans were ultimately relegated, but he had already left in the January transfer window to C\u00e1diz CF in division two.Buades played in the second and third divisions until his retirement, with Gimn\u00e0stic, Alicante CF, UD Alzira, CD Toledo (two stints), Barakaldo CF and Arroyo CP. From 2009 to 2012, he suffered four consecutive team relegations.\nOn 18 July 2014, at already 37, Buades moved back to the fourth tier, joining UD Almansa. He retired at the end of the season, after appearing sparingly.\n\n\nCoaching career\nBuades started his managerial career in 2016, with former club Alzira's youth setup. On 2 November of that year, he was appointed at UD Castellonense in the regional leagues.On 3 July 2018, Buades was named coach of CD Acero.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAbel Buades at BDFutbol\nAbel Buades at Soccerway"}}}}
part_xaa/abydos_king_list
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abydos_King_List","to":"Abydos King List"}],"pages":{"7863651":{"pageid":7863651,"ns":0,"title":"Abydos King List","extract":"The Abydos King List, also known as the Abydos Table, is a list of the names of 76 kings of ancient Egypt, found on a wall of the Temple of Seti I at Abydos, Egypt. It consists of three rows of 38 cartouches (borders enclosing the name of a king) in each row. The upper two rows contain names of the kings, while the third row merely repeats Seti I's throne name and nomen.\nBesides providing the order of the Old Kingdom kings, it is the sole source to date of the names of many of the kings of the Seventh and Eighth Dynasties, so the list is valued greatly for that reason.\nThis list omits the names of many earlier pharaohs who were apparently considered illegitimate \u2014 those were the Hyksos, Hatshepsut, Akhenaten, Smenkhkare, Tutankhamen, Sobekneferu, Mentuhotep I, Intef I, Intef II, Intef III, pharaohs of the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt and Ay.\n\n\nContents of the king list\n\n\nFirst Dynasty\n\n\nSecond Dynasty\n\n\nThird Dynasty\n\n\nFourth Dynasty\n\n\nFifth Dynasty\n\n\nSixth Dynasty\n\n\nEighth Dynasty\n\n\nEleventh/Twelfth Dynasty\n\n\nEighteenth Dynasty\n\n\nNineteenth Dynasty\n\n\nSee also\nKarnak king list\nPalermo Stone\nSaqqara Tablet\nTurin King List\nMedinet Habu king list\n\n\nExternal links\nAbydos Table\nAbydos King List"}}}}
part_xaa/abd_al-rahman_ibn_katir_al-lahmi
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abd_al-Rahman_ibn_Katir_al-Lahmi","to":"Abd al-Rahman ibn Katir al-Lahmi"}],"redirects":[{"from":"Abd al-Rahman ibn Katir al-Lahmi","to":"Abd al-Rahman ibn Kathir al-Lakhmi"}],"pages":{"23214832":{"pageid":23214832,"ns":0,"title":"Abd al-Rahman ibn Kathir al-Lakhmi","extract":"Abd al-Rahman ibn Kath\u012br al-Lakhm\u012b (Arabic: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a) was the penultimate Umayyad governor of Al Andalus from October 746 until January 747. He was succeeded by Yusuf ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Fihri.\n\n\nSee also\nTimeline of the Muslim presence in the Iberian peninsula\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abraham's_sacrifice_of_isaac
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abraham's_Sacrifice_of_Isaac","to":"Abraham's Sacrifice of Isaac"}],"pages":{"50555734":{"pageid":50555734,"ns":0,"title":"Abraham's Sacrifice of Isaac","extract":"Abraham's Sacrifice of Isaac is a 1715 painting by the Baroque artist Federico Bencovich in the Strossmayer Gallery of Old Masters.This painting shows Abraham with a knife in his hand raised to kill his son Isaac at the moment that the angel intervenes. Bencovich became court painter of the Archbishop-Elector of Mainz Lothar Franz von Sch\u00f6nborn in 1715 and completed four large canvas masterpieces for his gallery in Schloss Wei\u00dfenstein. These were Apollo and Marcia, Hagar and Ishmael in the desert, Iphigenia's sacrifice and Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac. The canvas of Abraham was taken in the beginning of the 19th century, but it was attributed to Piazzetta at the time. The Strossmayer gallery in Croatia purchased the painting at a London auction in 1936 and research on the painting has determined this to be the same one.\n\n\nReferences\n\nartwork record on Europeana website"}}}}
part_xaa/abburi_ravi
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abburi_Ravi","to":"Abburi Ravi"}],"pages":{"8169309":{"pageid":8169309,"ns":0,"title":"Abburi Ravi","extract":"Abburi Ravi is an Indian screenwriter who works in Telugu films. He received Nandi Award for Best Dialogue Writer for Bommarillu (2006).\n\n\nEarly life\nRavi was born and brought up in Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh. He graduated in BSc from graduated DNR College, Bhimavaram. After completed Master of Business Administration from Nagarjuna University, he started working in an advertising agency.In 2001, director Trivikram Srinivas who was a classmate of him offered Ravi to work as an assistant director. Ravi obliged and worked for Nuvve Nuvve (2001). which began his film career.\n\n\nFilmography\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abralia_heminuchalis
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abralia_heminuchalis","to":"Abralia heminuchalis"}],"pages":{"43085269":{"pageid":43085269,"ns":0,"title":"Abralia heminuchalis","extract":"Abralia heminuchalis is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod native to the equatorial regions of the Pacific Ocean. It may be a junior synonym of A. siedleckyi. Females are larger (28\u201337 mm mantle length) than males (25\u201332 mm mantle length). Oocytes in mature females can reach 1.25 mm in length. Male spermatophores are relatively small at 3.6\u20134.0 mm in length.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_laclave
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_LaClave","to":"Adam LaClave"}],"pages":{"14739651":{"pageid":14739651,"ns":0,"title":"Adam LaClave","extract":"Adam LaClave is an American musician and singer. He was one of the vocalists and songwriters for the Christian band Earthsuit. The group's only major-label album, Kaleidoscope Superior, was critically successful. However, the band broke up soon afterward. LaClave formed a new band called Macrosick, along with bassist Jon Allen, with former Earthsuit Members Paul Meany, Darren King, and Mutemath guitarist Greg Hill helping to give it a start. But the band went on hiatus in 2005 due to Hurricane Katrina. Recently, LaClave has formed a new group with Allen called Club of the Sons. They have opened for Paul Meany's group, Mutemath on occasion. He is currently working on solo material under the alias Charlie Blacksmoke.\nLaClave's baritone vocals have been compared to that of David Bowie, as well as David Byrne of Talking Heads, and he is also known for his vibrato. LaClave rarely shows his eyes while on stage. While performing with Earthsuit and Macrosick, he wore large sunglasses. Currently, he lets his fringe cover his eyes during concerts with Club of the Sons.\nAdam LaClave has also co-written several Mutemath songs such as \"Control,\" \"Electrify,\" \"Prytania,\" and the title track of their 2011 album Odd Soul.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abdelmalek_slahdji
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abdelmalek_Slahdji","to":"Abdelmalek Slahdji"}],"pages":{"45269499":{"pageid":45269499,"ns":0,"title":"Abdelmalek Slahdji","extract":"Abdelmalek Slahdji (born 8 August 1983) is an Algerian handball goalkeeper for GS P\u00e9troliers.\nHe competed for the Algerian national team at the 2015 World Men's Handball Championship in Qatar.\nHe also participated at the 2003, 2005 and 2011 World Championships.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/acer_taggarti
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acer_taggarti","to":"Acer taggarti"}],"pages":{"52448888":{"pageid":52448888,"ns":0,"title":"Acer taggarti","extract":"Acer taggarti is an extinct maple species in the family Sapindaceae described from a number of fossil leaves and samaras. The species is known from Miocene sediments exposed in central Oregon, US. It is one of several extinct species belonging to the living section Rubra.\n\n\nHistory and classification\nA. taggarti is known from a number of isolated leaves and fruits found at two related locations in Northeast central Oregon. Fruits and leaves, including the holotype specimen, were collected from the White Hills site, while an additional leaf was identified from the Meadow site, both of the Mascall Formation. The Mascall formation is composed of temporary lake beds interbedded with lava flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group. The alluvial system was active along the southern slope of the Columbia River Plateau during the Miocene climatic optimum. The climatic optimum and low topological relief resulted in a paleoclimate that was temperate and humid, experiencing cool to cold winters and warm dry summers.Leaves from the Mascall formation were examined by Ralph Chaney and Daniel Axelrod in their 1959 Miocene floras of the Columbia Plateau. They suggested the Acer fossils were from three distinct species Acer bendirei, Acer bolanderi, and Acer glabroides. The Acer fossils were re-studied by paleobotanists Jack A. Wolfe of the United States Geological Survey, Denver office and Toshimasa Tanai of Hokkaido University. They determined that some of the Mascall formation fossils belonged to an undescribed Acer section Eriocarpa species. Wolfe and Tanai published their 1987 type description for A. taggarti in the Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. The etymology of the chosen specific name taggarti is in recognition of Ralph E. Taggart, who supplied access to collections of Succor Creek Formation fossils and for his work on successional aspects of Neogene plant assemblages. The A. taggarti holotype specimen, a leaf from the Meadow site numbered UCMP 9104, is housed in the University of California Museum of Paleontology collections along with the twelve paratypes \u2013 six leaves and six fruits \u2013 that are all (except for one leaf) from the Meadow site.Acer taggarti is one of a number of Acer species described from the Mascall Formation which Wolfe and Tanai placed into 9 sections in the genus, following the Acer taxonomy structure defined by Japanese botanist Ken Ogata. Of the eleven species in the Mascall Formation, two, including A. taggarti, were placed into the Section \"Eriocarpa\", now considered part of Section Rubra. The two other species placed into Section Rubra are A. chaneyi and A. tigilense. Based on the vein structuring in the fruits, Wolfe and Tanai inferred that the middle miocene Acer whitebirdense was a probable descendant of A. kenaicum, known from the Oligocene of Alaska. They also suggested that A. taggarti was a descendant of A. whitebirdense, based on similarities in the leaves.\n\n\nDescription\nLeaves of A. taggarti are simple in structure, with perfectly actinodromous vein structure and have an asymmetrical ovate outline. the asymmetry results in leaf bases ranging between cordate and rounded on either side of the 0.9\u20131.4 cm (0.35\u20130.55 in) petiole. The leaves are between three and five-lobed, though they tend towards being three lobed. The upper-middle side lobes are a least two thirds as long as the middle lobe, while the outermost side lobes are small when present. There are typically one or two teeth on the outside margins of the outside lobes, one tooth at most on the inside of the lobes, and one or two teeth on each side of the middle lobe. The leaves have an overall size range of approximately 2.5 cm (0.98 in) to an estimated 6 cm (2.4 in), and widths ranging between 3.2 and 7.5 cm (1.3 and 3.0 in). The leaves have three to five secondary veins that diverge from the most apical primary veins and three to five medial secondary vein pairs running between lobes. The third order veins are spaced between 0.2\u20130.4 cm (0.079\u20130.157 in) apart and the fourth order venation form a pattern of irregular polygons. The fifth order veins are not preserved in the fossils.The fruits are a samara with the nutlet at the base and a wing extending up from the nutlet. The elliptical nutlet ranges between 0.6\u20131.2 cm (0.24\u20130.47 in) in length, with a 0.4\u20130.7 cm (0.16\u20130.28 in) long attachment scar along the wing base. Eight to twelve veins spread from the attachment scar across the nutlet and then converge at the nut tip. Six to eight veins extend into the wing, running along the proximal edge and the forking veins running from the vascular group fork at angles between 10\u00b0 and 30\u00b0. The wings are between 2.2 and 3.5 cm (0.87 and 1.38 in) long with a straight upper margin that broadly curves towards the wing apex, and the distal margin forming a wide v-shaped sulcus. Chaney & Axelrod suggested the fruits belonged to a Acer section Saccharina species, but Wolfe and Tanai note the lack of reticulated venation on the nutlet excludes that placement, and placed the fruits into Acer section Rubra. Many of the fruits show irregular folds on the nutlet, that Wolfe and Tanai suggested were the result of a thin endocarp.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/acorna's_search
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acorna's_Search","to":"Acorna's Search"}],"pages":{"14712817":{"pageid":14712817,"ns":0,"title":"Acorna's Search","extract":"Acorna's Search (2001) is a science fantasy novel by American writers Anne McCaffrey and Elizabeth Ann Scarborough. It was the fifth in the Acorna Universe series initiated by McCaffrey and Margaret Ball in Acorna: The Unicorn Girl (1997). Search was preceded by Acorna's World and followed by Acorna's Rebels.\n\n\nPlot summary\nThe homeworld Acorna has never known was horribly scarred in the brutal attack by the cold-blooded Khleevi, but the Linyaari-the unicorn girl's gentle, spiritual race-live on. Now is the time for healing and rebuilding, for restoring the natural beauty corrupted by the savage insectile oppressors. But Acorna's Linyaari friends and colleagues begin mysteriously disappearing soon after work gets under way, among them her beloved Aari. And her desperate search for answers will lead courageous Acorna to a shocking discovery beneath the surface of her people's world-and deep into the realms of limitless space, where the truth of the origin of everything awaits.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/a_community_of_witches
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"A_Community_of_Witches","to":"A Community of Witches"}],"pages":{"33893670":{"pageid":33893670,"ns":0,"title":"A Community of Witches","extract":"A Community of Witches: Contemporary Neo-Paganism and Witchcraft in the United States is a sociological study of the Wiccan and wider Pagan community in the Northeastern United States. It was written by American sociologist Helen A. Berger of the West Chester University of Pennsylvania and first published in 1999 by the University of South Carolina Press. It was released as a part of a series of academic books entitled Studies in Comparative Religion, edited by Frederick M. Denny, a religious studies scholar at the University of Chicago.\nBerger became interested in studying the Wiccan and Pagan movement in 1986, when she presented a lecture on the subject at the Boston Public Library. Subsequently becoming acquainted with members of the New England Pagan community, she undertook fieldwork in both a local Wiccan coven, the Circle of Light, and a wider Pagan organisation, the EarthSpirit Community (ESC). In total, Berger underwent 11 years of fieldwork among the Pagan community. Along with ESC founder Andras Corban Arthen, Berger also undertook a \"Pagan Census\" survey of the U.S. in the mid-1990s to obtain more data on the country's Pagan community.\nA Community of Witches is based on interviews with more than a hundred practicing Wiccans and Pagans, study of the pre-existing literature on the subject and a national survey of the Pagan community in the U.S. In her work, Berger interprets Wicca as a religion of late modernity, as opposed to postmodernity, and subsequently examines it using the theories of sociologists Anthony Giddens and James A. Beckford. Themes covered include Pagan conceptions of the self, the role of covens and the wider Pagan community, the place of children in the movement and the increasing routinization of Wicca through the foundation of organised churches and clergy.\nAcademic reviewers were mostly positive, but several raised concerns over Berger's incorrect use of terminology. Reviewers noted the study's importance in developing Pagan studies as an academic discipline and helping further the wider sociological investigation into new religious movements in the United States. In the years following the study's publication, Berger continued to investigate the Pagan community, focusing her interest on the popularity of Wicca among teenagers.\n\n\nBackground\n\n\nPaganism and Wicca in the United States\nContemporary Paganism, also referred to as Neo-Paganism, is an umbrella term used to identify a wide variety of modern religious movements, particularly those influenced by or claiming to be derived from the various pagan beliefs of pre-modern Europe. The religion of Pagan Witchcraft, or Wicca, was developed in England during the first half of the 20th century and is one of several Pagan religions. The figure at the forefront of Wicca's early development was the English occultist Gerald Gardner, the author of Witchcraft Today (1954) and The Meaning of Witchcraft (1959) and the founder of a tradition known as Gardnerian Wicca. Gardnerian Wicca revolved around the veneration of both a Horned God and a Mother Goddess, the celebration of eight seasonally-based festivals in a Wheel of the Year and the practice of magical rituals in groups known as covens. Gardnerianism was subsequently brought to the U.S. in the early 1960s by an English initiate, Raymond Buckland, and his then-wife Rosemary, who together founded a coven in Long Island. In the U.S., new variants of Wicca developed, including Dianic Wicca, a tradition founded in the 1970s which was influenced by second-wave feminism, emphasized female-only covens, and rejected the veneration of the Horned God. One initiate of both the Dianic and Gardnerian traditions was a woman known as Starhawk who went on to found her own tradition, Reclaiming Wicca. She furthermore published The Spiral Dance: a Rebirth of the Ancient Religion of the Great Goddess (1979), a book which helped spread Wicca throughout the U.S.\n\n\nAcademic fieldwork into Wicca\nPrior to Berger's work, several American researchers working in the field of Pagan studies had separately published investigations of the Pagan community in the United States and the United Kingdom. The first of these was the practicing Wiccan, journalist and political activist Margot Adler in her Drawing Down the Moon: Witches, Druids, Goddess-Worshippers, and Other Pagans in America Today, which was first published by Viking Press in 1979. A second study was produced by the anthropologist Tanya M. Luhrmann in her Persuasions of the Witch's Craft: Ritual Magic in Contemporary England (1989), in which she focused on both a Wiccan coven and several ceremonial magic orders that were then operating in London.The next academic book to be published based upon fieldwork undertaken in the U.S. Pagan community was Living Witchcraft: A Contemporary American Coven, published by Praeger in 1994. Living Witchcraft had been co-written by three academics, the sociologist Allen Scarboro, psychologist Nancy Campbell and literary critic Shirley Stave, herself a Wiccan practitioner. It was based upon their fieldwork undertaken in the Ravenwood coven of Atlanta, Georgia, over several months across 1990 and 1991. At the same time as Scarboro, Campbell and Stave were undertaking their research, the American anthropologist and practicing Wiccan Loretta Orion was also undertaking an investigation into the Pagan movement in the East Coast and Midwest of the United States. Orion's work was published as Never Again the Burning Times: Paganism Revisited by Waveland Press in 1995, although would be heavily criticized in published reviews written by both Luhrmann and T. O. Beidelman, both of whom were of the opinion that Orion's Pagan beliefs had clouded her critical interpretation. 1997 then saw the publication of Witchcraft and Paganism in Australia, authored by the anthropologist Lynne Hume.\n\n\nBerger and her research\nHelen Berger, then a lecturer in sociology at the West Chester University of Pennsylvania, had initially become involved in the study of the Pagan movement in preparation for a series of public lectures that she gave at the Boston Public Library in October 1986. Based on the subject of the historical witch trials that took place in New England during the early modern period, she devoted the final lecture in the series to an examination of the contemporary Pagan Witches, or Wiccans, then living in the area. Having yet to perform the sociological investigation that would culminate in A Community of Witches, Berger gained her information for this lecture from the information published in the works of Margot Adler, Starhawk and Marcello Truzzi, and also from a singular interview that she had carried out with a woman who was \"peripherally associated\" with Paganism. After the lecture, several audience members approached Berger to identify themselves as practicing Wiccans, and it was through them that she came into contact with the New England Pagan community. Three of the Wiccans at the lecture invited Berger to \"participate as a researcher\" as they founded their own coven, the Circle of Light, and she attended their weekly meetings and festival celebrations for the next two years.\n\nAt the first open Pagan ritual that she attended, Berger met Andras Corban Arthen, the founder of the EarthSpirit Community (ESC), a Pagan organization open to non-Wiccans which she joined after paying the annual membership fee of $30. Attending many of the ESC's open rituals and festivals, she was introduced to a \"diverse group\" of Wiccans and other Pagans, and developed a contact base in the community. Berger and Arthen subsequently embarked on a project entitled \"The Pagan Census\" in an attempt to gain sociological data from the Pagan community across the U.S. Receiving funding from the Faculty Development Fund at West Chester University, Berger was aided in this project by over 15 students who helped her to code and enter data for the survey. Together, Berger and Arthen wrote and distributed their survey through Wiccan and Pagan organizations across the country, as well as in journals, on the internet and at festivals. The duo received over 2000 responses, providing Berger with one of her main sources of information.Throughout her 11-year period of fieldwork, Berger had to use snowball sampling to retrieve her data on the Pagan community, something that she attributed to the \"secrecy of groups and practitioners\". She conducted formal interviews with over 40 practicing Pagans, and over 60 others instead were informally interviewed during conversations at Pagan events, following which Berger recorded their responses in her fieldnotes. She participated in rituals with ten different Wiccan covens, two of which were all-female covens, and the other eight of which were mixed-gender in structure, but all of whom assembled in the Northeastern United States. Accepting that this regional focus might affect her results, she supplemented her fieldwork by reading literature on Paganism from across the country, concluding that \"the differences among groups and practitioners within the United States are less important than the similarities.\" Unlike the sociologists Margot Adler and Loretta Orion, both of whom had been or became Pagans whilst studying the movement, Berger stated that she had not joined the religion, thereby remaining an \"outsider\" throughout her research, but had made many friends within the Pagan community.A Community of Witches was a part of a series of books entitled 'Studies in Comparative Religion' that were published by the University of South Carolina Press, and edited by Frederick M. Denny. In Denny's preface to the book, he remarked that it \"adds significantly to the steadily growing scholarly literature\" on the subject of Wicca and contemporary Paganism, being of \"considerable use for our understanding of how other new religious communities are sustaining and developing themselves in the unprecedented rich tapestry of American religious pluralism.\"\n\n\nSynopsis\n\nStarting with a preface in which Berger explains how she first began studying the Wiccan and Pagan community of New England, Berger opens the main part of her book with a description of a Wiccaning which she attended. Proceeding to introduce both the Wiccan religion and her theoretical approach, Berger explains the British sociologist James A. Beckford's approach to the religions of late modernity as well as Anthony Giddens' theoretical approaches to modernism.In the second chapter, \"The Magical Self\", Berger examines the ways in which Wiccans in the U.S. understand themselves, looking at sociological ideas about self-identity and utilising them in her analysis of Wiccan rituals that deal with the transformation of the self. She moves on to look at concepts of gender in the Wiccan community, both for men and women and among homosexuals. The third chapter, entitled \"The Coven: Perfect Love, Perfect Trust\", provides an explanation of the coven system within Wicca, and the ways in which friendships are built and collapse amongst coven members, and the extent to which covens imitate family structures.Chapter four, \"A Circle within a Circle: The Neo-Pagan Community\", looks at the wider community beyond the coven structure, interpreting it through theoretical ideas about community in late modernity. Moving on, Berger looks at ideas of community memory and community building amongst U.S. Pagans, before examining the manner in which some Pagans engage in both emancipatory politics and life politics. The fifth chapter, entitled \"The Next Generation\", is devoted to the place of children within the Pagan community, and deals with ideas of rites of passage, attitudes towards children's sexuality and the extent to which children are involved in rituals.The sixth chapter, \"The Routinization of Creativity\", looks at the relationship between Wicca and routinization, and examines how the anti-authoritarian ethos of the religion has been in part eroded through the creation of Pagan organisations like the EarthSpirit Community and the Circle Sanctuary, which have purchased land and led to the development of a paid clergy. Finally, Berger concludes her work with a round-up of her study, and muses on the possible future for Wicca in the United States.\n\n\nArguments\n\n\nWicca as a religion of late modernity\n\nWhereas the sociologist Loretta Orion had believed that contemporary Paganism was a postmodern movement, in A Community of Witches, Berger argued against this, instead considering Wicca to be a religion of late modernity. In supporting this position, Berger turned to the work of the British sociologist of religion, James A. Beckford, who in his book Religion and Advanced Industrial Society (1989) had argued that many new religious movements reflect the characteristics of late modernity by challenging traditional definitions of religion, sharing a holistic worldview and emphasizing the development and transformation of the self. Berger stated that while \"Wicca is not specifically mentioned by Beckford, it does fit the model of New Age religions that he is analyzing.\" Whilst accepting that elements of postmodernism can be found within Wicca, Berger argued that the religion does not \"signify an epistemological break with Enlightenment thought\", and that as such it was intrinsically late modernist in structure; as she related, the \"emphasis on globalism, the belief in personal and social transformation, and the use of noninstrumental rationality place Wicca firmly within the Enlightenment tradition.\"Berger's choice of \"framework for understanding Wicca within the context of late modernity\" was that of structuration, a theory put forward by the English sociologist and political theorist Anthony Giddens in his book The Constitution of Society (1984). Structuration theory maintains that both structure and agency influence human beings in their choices; the former refers to the recurrent patterned arrangements which influence or limit the choices and opportunities available for an individual, whilst the latter refers to the capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices. Berger argued that whilst the beliefs and practices of Wiccans were \"in part determined by social factors, such as class, race and gender\", at the same time these Wiccans exerted a level of control and self-determination over their lives \"both by the very act of becoming a Witch and through the self-conscious use of rituals to create a persona.\"\n\n\nWicca as a result of globalism\nBerger was of the opinion that Wicca's \"development and spread\" could be seen as \"an outgrowth of globalism\". As evidence, she noted that the religion had been created by modern westerners adopting elements from a variety of \"older and geographically disparate religious practices\" in order to fashion their new faith, something which she believed was only possible in a globalised world.\n\n\nThe future of Wicca\nWhereas Mary Jo Neitz (1991) and Nancy J. Finley (1991) had both argued that ultimately, it would be the feminist-orientated, female-only form of Wicca found in the Dianic tradition that would grow to become dominant in the United States, Berger disagreed, arguing that \"inclusive groups\", meaning those traditions who welcome both men and women into their covens, \"will ultimately prove to be more significant.\" She believed that this was in part because they \"are more likely to include and fully involve children in their practices\", something which she saw as having the likely \"greatest impact\" on the future of Wicca in the United States. In Berger's view, these children born into the faith would act as \"maintainers of their families' practice\", replacing the role that had formerly been played by neophytes in the community.\n\n\nReception and recognition\n\n\nAcademic reviews\nIn a review published in the Review of Religious Research journal, Stephen D. Glazier of the University of Nebraska described A Community of Witches as an \"important study\" which had \"many virtues and few faults.\" Glazier commended it as an improvement on earlier sociological studies of contemporary Paganism, which in his opinion had dwelt on \"personal experiences\" and acted as something of \"proselytizers for Neo-Pagan beliefs and practices.\" He furthermore praised Berger for \"maintaining a high degree of theoretical sophistication\" while still \"remaining accessible for the average reader\". He also expressed several criticisms, for instance noting that Berger had used the terms \"Wiccan\" and \"Neo-Pagan\" interchangeably, even though they have different meanings, something that he felt might confuse some of the book's readers.In her review of A Community of Witches published in the Sociology of Religion journal, Frances Kostarelos of the Governors State University commented positively on Berger's work, describing it as \"an invaluable theoretical and descriptive account of Wicca\" that is also \"a fine example of ethnographic research and writing.\" Stefanie von Schnurbein of the University of Chicago described A Community of Witches as \"an exciting and important approach to the study of contemporary neopaganism\" in her review published in The Journal of Religion. Schnurbein believed that Berger \"has an intimate knowledge of her field and makes creative and interesting use of contemporary sociological theory\" but that a \"discussion of the vivid cultural and theoretical controversies around gender and sexuality would have added to the theoretical value of Berger's book.\"Writing in the Contemporary Sociology journal, Tanice G. Foltz of Indiana University Northwest described A Community of Witches as \"Well organized, clearly written, and aimed at an academic audience\". Believing it to be a \"valuable addition to the existing scholarship on witchcraft\", Foltz did highlight some problems with the work, wishing that it had included an \"in-depth analysis\" of her Pagan Census survey and noting that it erroneously used the terms \"Neo-Paganism\", \"Witchcraft\" and \"Wicca\" interchangeably. In her review for the Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Mary Jo Neitz of the University of Missouri was more critical, arguing that Berger had generalised information from the north-eastern U.S. and claimed that it was applicable for the Pagan community across the entire country, something which Neitz felt was counter to her \"own observations of Wicca.\"\n\n\nWider recognition\nA Community of Witches was awarded the A List Exceptional Books of 1999 Award. It was also mentioned by Canadian religious studies scholar Barbara Jane Davy in her 2007 work, Introduction to Pagan Studies, during which she listed the books on Pagan studies that had then seen publication.\n\n\nBerger's later work\nThe publication of A Community of Witches did not signal the end of Berger's studies on the subject of American Paganism, and over the following several years she would publish several more volumes detailing her work in this area. In 2003, she co-authored a book delving deeper into the results of the Pagan Census that she had undertaken with Andras Corban Arthen. Entitled Voices from the Pagan Census: A National Survey of Witches and Neo-Pagans in the United States, it was co-written with Leigh S. Shaffer, a fellow professor of sociology at West Chester University, and also with Evan A. Leach, then an associate professor of management at West Chester. Like A Community of Witches, Voices from the Pagan Census was published by the University of South Carolina Press in their series on 'Studies in Comparative Religion', and in his preface to the book, the series editor Frederick M. Denny referred to it as the \"sequel\" to Berger's earlier work.In their preface, Berger, Leach and Shaffer discussed the Pagan Census and how it had been used in producing A Community of Witches; they noted that at the time Berger had originally written the book, \"the rest of the data had not been completely processed, cleaned, and analyzed. Unlike that book, which relied primarily on her ethnographic research in the northeastern United States and an analysis of journals, books, and newsletters written by Neo-Pagans, this one is based primarily on the survey data.\"In 2005, the University of Pennsylvania published an edited anthology entitled Witchcraft and Magic in the New World: North America in the Twentieth Century, which had been edited by Berger. In 2007, Berger's third book was published, Teenage Witches: Magical Youth and the Search for the Soul, which had been co-written with Douglas Ezzy, a senior lecturer in sociology at the University of Tasmania in Australia.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nFootnotes\n\n\nBibliography\nAcademic books and papers\nAcademic book reviews\nWeb sources"}}}}
part_xaa/abacetus_levisulcatus
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abacetus_levisulcatus","to":"Abacetus levisulcatus"}],"pages":{"40180682":{"pageid":40180682,"ns":0,"title":"Abacetus levisulcatus","extract":"Abacetus levis is a species of ground beetle in the sub source Pterostichinae. It was described by Silento in 1939.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/active_club_of_philadelphia
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Active_Club_of_Philadelphia","to":"Active Club of Philadelphia"}],"pages":{"14152224":{"pageid":14152224,"ns":0,"title":"Active Club of Philadelphia","extract":"The Active Club of Philadelphia was a Negro league baseball team which played in Philadelphia in the 1880s.\n\n\nReferences\nLoverro, Thom. The Encyclopedia of Negro League Baseball. New York:Facts on File, Inc., 2003. ISBN 0-8160-4430-9."}}}}
part_xaa/abigail_mason
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abigail_Mason","to":"Abigail Mason"}],"pages":{"42338774":{"pageid":42338774,"ns":0,"title":"Abigail Mason","extract":"Abigail Mason is an American actress. In 2008, she co-starred in Saving Sarah Cain. For her role, she won the \"Grace Award\" at the 16th Annual Movieguide Awards.\n\n\nCareer\nSince her move, Mason has appeared in projects playing vastly different roles. She played London's rival in The Suite Life of Zack and Cody and an amish orphan in Fox's Saving Sarah Cain. She won the Grace Award, with Bailee Madison, at the 16th annual MovieGuide awards.\n\n\nFilmography\n\n\nFilm\n\n\nTelevision\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAbigail Mason at IMDb"}}}}
part_xaa/abrazo_maryvale_campus
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abrazo_Maryvale_Campus","to":"Abrazo Maryvale Campus"}],"redirects":[{"from":"Abrazo Maryvale Campus","to":"Valleywise Behavioral Health Center Maryvale"}],"pages":{"32378723":{"pageid":32378723,"ns":0,"title":"Valleywise Behavioral Health Center Maryvale","extract":"Valleywise Behavioral Health Center Maryvale formerly Abrazo Maryvale Campus, Maryvale Hospital Medical Center and Maryvale Samaritan Medical Center was an acute care hospital located in Phoenix, Arizona and it closed effective December 18, 2017. Valleywise Health purchased Maryvale from Abrazo in early 2018 and reopened the hospital in April 2019.\n\n\nHistory\nMaryvale Hospital opened in 1961. In 1998, Samaritan Health System sold Maryvale Hospital to Vanguard Health Systems. In 2003, Vanguard established Abrazo Health Care as its Arizona subsidiary. In 2013, Vanguard was acquired by Tenet Healthcare. In early 2018 Valleywise Health purchased Maryvale from Abrazo and plans were approved to revive the facility as a behavior health hospital and full service emergency department. The total amount spent to remodel and revitalize Maryvale is around 60 million. After renovations were completed, the hospital was reopened in April 2019 [1] providing much needed emergency and behavioral health services to the community of Maryvale\n\n\nServices\nCardiovascular care\nVascular services\n24-hour emergency care\n\n\nAccreditations\nAccredited Chest Pain Center by The Society of Chest Pain Centers\nFully accredited by The Joint Commission JCAHO\nGet With The Guidelines Silver Plus Achievement Award - Stroke care - American Heart Association and American Stroke Association\n\n\nHospital rating data\nThe HealthGrades website contains the clinical quality data for Abrazo Maryvale Campus hospital, as of 2017. For this rating section three different types of data from HealthGrades are presented: clinical quality ratings for sixteen inpatient conditions and procedures, nine patient safety indicators and the percentage of patients giving the hospital as a 9 or 10 (the two highest possible ratings).\nFor inpatient conditions and procedures, there are three possible ratings: worse than expected, as expected, better than expected. For this hospital the data for this category is:\n\nWorse than expected - 1\nAs expected - 13\nBetter than expected - 2For patient safety indicators, there are the same three possible ratings. For this hospital safety indicators were rated as:\n\nWorse than expected - 4\nAs expected - 5\nBetter than expected - 0Percentage of patients rating this hospital as a 9 or 10 - 57%\nPercentage of patients who on average rank hospitals as a 9 or 10 - 69%\n\n\nSee also\nValleywise Health\nJoint Commission\nSociety of Chest Pain Centers\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website"}}}}
part_xaa/acrivastine
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"5461821":{"pageid":5461821,"ns":0,"title":"Acrivastine","extract":"Acrivastine is a medication used for the treatment of allergies and hay fever. It is a second-generation H1-receptor antagonist antihistamine (like its base molecule triprolidine) and works by blocking histamine H1 receptors.This non-sedating antihistamine is sold under the brand name Benadryl Allergy Relief in the United Kingdom by McNeil Laboratories. It should not be confused with Benadryl Once a Day which has cetirizine as the active ingredient and is also sold by McNeil in the UK, nor with the American Benadryl, which uses diphenhydramine as its active ingredient. It is available as an over-the-counter medicine in the UK, and is available with or without pseudoephedrine under the Benadryl brand.\nIn the U.S., acrivastine is the active ingredient in the Semprex brand. Semprex-D also contains the decongestant pseudoephedrine. Semprex-D is marketed in the U.S. by Actient Pharmaceuticals.\n\n\nComparisons with other popular antihistamines\nUnlike cetirizine or loratadine, for which the standard dose is one tablet per day, a single acrivastine tablet may be taken up to three times a day. It is not to be taken by people over the age of 65, pregnant women, or people with compromised liver or kidney function.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abd_al-ghani_al-nabulsi
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abd_al-Ghani_al-Nabulsi","to":"Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi"}],"pages":{"8602278":{"pageid":8602278,"ns":0,"title":"Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi","extract":"Shaykh 'Abd al-Ghani ibn Isma\u2032il al-Nabulsi (an-Nabalusi) (19 March 1641 \u2013 5 March 1731), was an eminent Sunni Muslim scholar, poet, and author on works about Sufism, ethnography and agriculture.\n\n\nFamily origins\nAbd al-Ghani's family descended from the Banu Jama'a, which traditionally provided qadis (chief judges) for the Shafi'i fiqh (school of Islamic law) of Sunni Islam for the Mamluk rulers of Syria and Egypt. The Banu Jama'a hailed from Hama before settling in Jerusalem in the 13th century. One of its principal branches remained in Jerusalem, providing the preachers for the al-Aqsa Mosque, while another principal branch relocated to Cairo, the Mamluk capital, under Badr al-Din Muhammad Ibn Jama'a in 1291 after being appointed by Sultan al-Ashraf Khalil as qadi al-qudat (head judge of the sultanate) and shaykh al-shuyukh (head of the Sufi brotherhoods). Badr al-Din died in 1333 and his direct descendants died out in the 15th century. Abd al-Ghani's family descended from Badr al-Din's younger brother Abd al-Rahman, who had remained in Jerusalem. Shortly after the conquest of Mamluk Syria by the Ottoman Empire in 1516, part of Abd al-Rahman's family moved briefly to Nablus then permanently to Damascus, which attracted numerous people from Palestine in the 16th century. The family became known as \"al-Nabulsi\" after their short stay in Nablus.The great-grandfather of Abd al-Ghani, Ismai'il al-Nabulsi, was a Shafi'i jurist, the Shafi'i mufti of Damascus and a teacher of the fiqh at the Umayyad Mosque and four madrasas in the city. One of the madrasas, the Darwishiyya Madrasa, was built by the governor Darwish Pasha and endowed specifically for Isma'il and his descendants to teach the Shafi'i fiqh. Isma'il taught there Turkish, Persian and Arabic students, and was fluent in each of the languages. He grew wealthy, owning several villages and farms and gaining connections to the imperial government in Constantinople. He was the founder of the Nabulsi family's wealth and a mausoleum was built for him by Darwish Pasha in the Bab al-Saghir cemetery. Abd al-Ghani's grandfather and namesake inherited wealth from his mother Hanifa bint al-Shihabi Ahmad and owned shops and residences in the Salihiyya neighborhood. He was not known for his scholarship and is remembered by Abd al-Ghani as a generous man.\n\n\nLife\nAbd al-Ghani was born in Damascus in 1641. His father, Isma'il, was a jurist, and had switched to the Hanafi school of jurisprudence preferred by Ottoman rulers of Syria. Isma'il was a contributor to Arabic literature, wrote on legal matters, taught at the Umayyad Mosque and Damascene madrasas (Islamic schools) and occupied the post of qadi in Sidon for a certain period. He supervised Abd al-Ghani's early education but died in 1653 when Abd al-Ghani was 12 years old.Even before the age of 20, Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulusi had started teaching and giving formal legal opinions (fatwa). He joined both the mystical orders Qadiriyya and Naqshbandi and spent seven years in isolation in his house studying the mystics on their expression of divine experiences. He taught in the Umawi Mosque in Damascus and the Salihiyya Madrasa, becoming renowned throughout the region as an accomplished Islamic scholar. He travelled extensively, seeing Istanbul (1664), Lebanon (1688), Jerusalem (1689), Palestine (1689), Egypt (1693), Arabia (1693), and Tripoli (1700). He produced hundreds of scholarly works and was identified by contemporaries and later scholars as a significant local authority.He died and was buried in Damascus in 1731 at 90 years of age. His was a large and public funeral, attended by the Ottoman governor and chief judge, and he was later entombed in the Salimiyya Mosque near the mausoleum of ibn al-'Arabi.\n\n\nHis works\n\nHe left over 200 written works. Among al-Nablusi's contemporaries, his studies of 13th-century Sufi writer Ibn Arabi were his most famous works.His views on religious tolerance towards other religions were developed under the inspiration of the works of Ibn Arabi. He made two visits to Palestine, in 1690, and 1693\u20134, visiting Christian and Jewish sites, as well as sacred Muslim shrines, and he enjoyed there the hospitality of local Christian monks.Subjects he wrote about include Sufism, Rihla, agriculture, and poetry. He also wrote ethnographic works based on his travels to Tripoli, Egypt, Jerusalem, Lebanon and other areas of the Middle East.\n\n\nSelect works\nId\u00e2h al-Maqsud min wahdat al-wujud (\"Clarifying What is Meant by the Unity of Being\")\nSharh Diwan Ibn Farid (Commentary on Ibn al-Farid's Poetry)\nJam'u al-Asr\u00e2r fi man'a al-Ashr\u00e2r 'an at-Ta'n fi as-Sufiyah al-Akhyar (Collection of the secrets to prevent the evils castigate the pious Sufis)\nShifa' al-Sadr f\u00ee Fada'il Laylat al-Nisf Min Sha'b\u00e2n wa Layllat al-Qadr (Curing the heart on the Virtues of the night of Nisfu Sha'ban and The Night of Qadr)\nNafahat al-Azhar 'Ala Nasamat al-Ashar, a bad\u012b\u2018iyya in praise of the Prophet, 'no doubt' inspired by 'A'isha al-Ba'uniyya's al-Fat\u1e25 al-mub\u012bn f\u012b mad\u1e25 al-am\u012bn (Clear Inspiration, on Praise of the Trusted One); both writers accompanied their respective bad\u012b\u2018iyyas with a commentary.\nal-Sulh bayn al-ikhwan fi hukm ibahat al-dukhan, an influential legal treatise advocating the lawfulness of smoking tobacco; ed. Ahmad Muhammad Dahman (Damascus, 1924).\nTa\u2018tir al-anam fi tafsir al-ahlam, ed. Taha 'Abd al-Ra\u2019uf Sa\u2018d, 2 vols. (Damascus, n.d.)\nal-Haqiqa wa al-majaz fi al-rihla ila bilad al-sham wa misr wa al-hijaz, edited by Ahmad 'Abd al-Majid al-Haridi (Cairo, 1986) is the longest rihla. This rihla also goes by the title al-Rihla al-kubra and covers over 500 folios in minuscule. The journey began on Muharram 1005/ September 1693 and ended with the Hajj 388 days later.\nal-Hadra al-Unsiyya f\u00ee al-Rihla al-Qudsiyya, also called al-Rihla al-wustd focuses on al-Nablusi's trip to Palestine, specifically Jerusalem and Hebron.\nNihayat al-murad fi sharh hadiyyat Ibn al-'Imad, a treatise on the rites of prayer; ed. \u2018'Abd al-Razzaq al-Halabi (Limmasol, 1994).\nal-Hadiqa al-nadiyya: Sharh al-tariqa al-muhammadiyya, 2 vols. (Lailbur, 1977).\nHillat al-dhahab al-ibriz fi rihlat Ba'albak wa-al-Biqa' al-'aziz, often known as al-Rihla al-Sughrd, was the first of al-Nabulsi's rihla. It describes a 15-day journey to Lebanon in AH 1100/ AD 1688.\nal-Tuhfa al-Nabulusiyya ft 1-rihla al-Tarabulusiyya was his second rihla, describing a 40-day trip across Lebanon to Tripoli.\nKitab 'ilm al-malahah fi 'ilm al-falahah\nBook of Dreams Kitab al Manam (described as \"arguably the most important text in the rich history of Islamic dream interpretation,\" translated into English in 2022 by Yasmine Seale)\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nBibliography\nSirriyeh, Elizabeth (2005). Sufi Visionary of Ottoman Damascus: 'Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulusi, 1641\u20131731. Abingdon, Oxon: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0-415-34165-5.\n\n\nExternal links\nBarbara von Schlegell, \"Sufism in the Ottoman Arab World: Shaykh \u2018'Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi\" (PhD diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1997.\nSmoking and \"Early Modern\" Sociability: The Great Tobacco Debate in the Ottoman Middle East (Seventeenth to Eighteenth Centuries) Archived 27 July 2019 at the Wayback Machine"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_worth
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Worth","to":"Adam Worth"}],"pages":{"1829355":{"pageid":1829355,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Worth","extract":"Adam Worth (1844 \u2013 8 January 1902) was a crime boss and fraudster. His career in crime, stretching from the United States to Europe and South Africa, included the infamous theft of Gainsborough's celebrated Portrait of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, which he retained for 25 years. In London, he lived as a respected member of high society under the alias Henry Judson Raymond. Scotland Yard Detective Robert Anderson nicknamed him \"the Napoleon of the criminal world\" (because of his short stature). He is widely considered the inspiration for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional criminal mastermind James Moriarty in the Sherlock Holmes series, whom Conan Doyle calls \"The Napoleon of Crime\".\n\n\nEarly life\nAdam Worth was born into a poor Jewish family somewhere in Germany. His original surname might have been \"Werth\". When he was five years old, his family moved to the United States and settled in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where Worth's father became a tailor. In 1854, Worth ran away from home and moved first to Boston and then, in 1860, to New York City. He worked as a clerk in a department store for one month.\nWhen the American Civil War broke out, Worth was 17. He lied about his age and enlisted in the Union army. He was wounded in the Second Battle of Bull Run on 30 August 1862 and shipped to a Georgetown Hospital in Washington, D.C. In the hospital, he learned he had been listed as killed in action and left. (Worth is often confused with Adam Wirth, who served in the 2nd New York Heavy Artillery, Battery L (later designated 34th New York Battery), died at Georgetown Hospital of wounds he suffered at the Second Battle of Bull Run, and was buried in Washington, D.C. Adam Wirth and his family were residents of College Point, Long Island, New York, and had no connection with Adam Worth.<1860 Federal Census, Flushing NY, p 157, Family #1164; Flushing Journal, 23 August 1862, 2; Haas, James E. The Gunner at His Piece (Baltimore, MD: Gateway Press, 2002), 254-255>\n\n\nCriminal career\nWorth became a bounty jumper, enlisting into various regiments under assumed names, receiving his bounty, and then deserting. When the Pinkerton Detective Agency began to track him, like many others using similar methods, he fled from New York City and went to Portsmouth.After the war, Worth became a pickpocket in New York. In time, he founded his own gang of pickpockets, and then began to organize robberies and heists. When he was caught stealing the cash box of an Adams Express wagon, he was sentenced to three years in Sing Sing prison. He soon escaped and resumed his criminal career.\nWorth began to work for the prominent fence and criminal organizer Fredericka \"Marm\" Mandelbaum. With her help, he expanded into bank and store robberies around 1866 and eventually began to plan his own robberies. In 1869, he helped Mandelbaum break safecracker Charley Bullard out of the White Plains Jail, through a tunnel.\nWith Bullard, Worth robbed the vault of the Boylston National Bank in Boston on 20 November 1869, again through a tunnel, this time from a neighboring shop. The bank alerted the Pinkertons, who tracked the shipment of trunks Worth and Bullard had used to ship the loot to New York. Worth decided to move to Europe with Bullard.\n\n\nExploits in Europe\nBullard and Worth went first to Liverpool. Bullard took the identity of \"Charles H. Wells\", a Texas oilman. Worth was financier \"Henry Judson Raymond\" \u2013 a name that he \"borrowed\" from the late founder editor of The New York Times, and which he would use for years afterwards. They began to compete for the favors of a barmaid named Kitty Flynn, who eventually learned their true identities. She became Bullard's wife, but did not disfavor Worth. In October 1870, Kitty gave birth to a daughter, Lucy Adeleine, and seven years later had another daughter named Katherine Louise. The paternity of these two girls is left up to debate. It is possible that Kitty herself did not know, but Bullard and Worth claimed each child all the same. William Pinkerton (son of Allan Pinkerton and a detective with Pinkerton) believed Worth fathered both of Kitty's daughters.When the Bullards went on their honeymoon, Worth began to rob local pawnshops. He shared the loot with Bullard and Flynn when they came back, and together, the three moved to Paris in 1871.\nIn Paris, the police force was still in disarray after the events of the Paris Commune. Worth and his associates founded an \"American Bar\", a restaurant and bar on the ground floor, and a gambling den on the upper floor. Because gambling was illegal, the gambling tables were built so that they could be folded inside the walls and the floor. A buzzer would be sounded from downstairs to alert the customers before any police raid. Worth formed a new gang of associates, including some of his old comrades from New York.\nWhen William Pinkerton (by then president of the Pinkerton Detective Agency) visited the place in 1873, Worth recognized him. Later the Paris police raided the place numerous times, and Worth and the Bullards decided to abandon the restaurant. Worth used his place for the last time to defraud a diamond dealer, and the three moved to London.\n\n\nLondon master criminal\n\nIn England, Worth and his associates bought Western Lodge at Clapham Common. He also leased an apartment in Mayfair and joined high society. He formed his own criminal network and organized major robberies and burglaries through several intermediaries. Those who worked in his schemes never knew his name. He insisted that his subordinates not use violence.\nEventually, Scotland Yard learned of Worth's network, though they were initially unable to prove anything. Inspector John Shore made Worth's capture his personal mission.\nThings began to go wrong when Worth's brother John was sent to cash a forged check in Paris, for which he was arrested and extradited to England. Worth managed to exonerate him and get him sent back to the United States. Four of his associates were arrested in Istanbul for spreading more forged letters of credit, and he had to use a considerable amount of money to buy off the judges and the police. Bullard became increasingly violent, as his alcoholism worsened, and he eventually left for New York, followed soon afterward by Kitty.\nIn 1876, Worth personally stole Thomas Gainsborough's recently rediscovered painting of Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire from a London gallery of Thomas Agnew & Sons with the help of two associates. He liked the painting and did not try to sell it. The two men who assisted in the robbery, Junka Phillips and Little Joe, grew impatient. Phillips tried to get him to talk about the theft in the presence of a police informer, and Worth effectively fired him. Worth gave Little Joe money to return to the United States, where he tried to rob the Union Trust Company, was arrested, and talked to the Pinkertons. They alerted Scotland Yard, but they still could not prove anything.\nWorth kept the painting with him even when he was traveling and organizing new schemes and robberies. Eventually, he traveled to South Africa, where he stole $500,000 worth of uncut diamonds. Back in London, he founded Wynert & Company, which sold diamonds at a lower price than its competitors.\nIn the 1880s, Worth married a Louise Margaret Boljahn, while still using the name Henry Raymond. They had a son Henry and a daughter Beatrice. It is possible his wife did not know his real identity. He smuggled the painting to the United States and left it there.\n\n\nMistake and capture\nIn 1892, Worth decided to visit Belgium, where Bullard was in jail. Bullard had been working with Max Shinburn (also Maximilian Sch\u00f6nbein), Worth's rival, when police captured them both. Worth had heard that Bullard had recently died.\nOn 5 October, Worth improvised a robbery of a money delivery cart in Li\u00e8ge with two untried associates, one of them the American Johnny Curtin. The robbery went badly, and the police captured Worth on the spot. The two others got away.\nIn jail, Worth refused to identify himself, and the Belgian police made inquiries abroad. Both the New York Police Department and Scotland Yard identified him as Worth, although the Pinkertons did not say anything. Max Shinburn, now in jail, told the police everything he knew. In jail, Worth heard nothing about his family in London, but received a letter from Kitty Flynn, who offered to finance his defense.\n\nWorth's trial took place on 20 March 1893. The prosecutor used everything he knew about Worth. Worth flatly denied that he had anything to do with various crimes, saying that the last robbery had been a stupid act he had committed out of a need for money. All the other accusations, including those by British and American police, were mere hearsay. He claimed that his wealth came out of legal gambling. In the end, Worth was sentenced to seven years for robbery and was sent to Leuven prison.\nDuring Worth's first year in jail, Shinburn hired other inmates to beat Worth up. Later, Worth heard that Johnny Curtin, who was supposed to have taken care of his wife, had seduced and abandoned her. She had been committed to an asylum. The children were in the care of his brother John in the United States.\n\n\nRelease and last years\nWorth was released early for good behavior in 1897. He returned to London and stole \u00a34,000 from a diamond shop to get funds. When he visited his wife in the asylum, she barely recognized him. He traveled to New York and visited his children. Then he proceeded to meet with William Pinkerton, to whom he described the events of his life in great detail. The manuscript that Pinkerton wrote after Worth left is still preserved in the archives of the Pinkerton Detective Agency in Van Nuys, California.\nThrough Pinkerton, Worth arranged the return of the painting Duchess of Devonshire to Agnew & Sons in return for $25,000. The portrait and payment were exchanged in Chicago on 28 March 1901. Worth returned to London with his children and spent the rest of his life with them. It is said he lived \"extravagantly on the proceeds of his business as a receiver for an international agency of thieves.\" His son took advantage of an agreement between his father and Allan Pinkerton and became a career Pinkerton detective.\nAdam Worth died on 8 January 1902. He was buried in Highgate Cemetery in a mass pauper's grave under the name of \"Henry J. Raymond\". A small tombstone was erected to mark his resting place in 1997 by the Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation.\n\n\nIn popular culture\n\n\nLiterature\nAccording to Vincent Starrett, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle used Worth as the prototype for Sherlock Holmes' adversary, Professor Moriarty: \"The original of Moriarty was Adam Worth, who stole the famous Gainsborough, in 1876, and hid it for a quarter of a century. This was revealed by Sir Arthur in conversation with Dr Gray Chandler Briggs, some years ago.\"\n\n\nMovies\nMichael Caine played Adam Worth in the film Harry and Walter Go to New York (1976). Though Worth is correctly portrayed as a criminal mastermind, the events of the story are not based on true events.\n\n\nTelevision\nIn the eighth season of the CBS series Criminal Minds, Adam Worth is used as a pseudonym for the season's main villain, John Curtis (Mark Hamill).\nThe third season of the TNT series Leverage used Adam Worth as a target for the team.\nIn the SyFy series Sanctuary (2007), Adam Worth is one of the main villains, although his character is Irish and includes elements of Robert Louis Stevenson's Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886).\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nWorks cited\nMacintyre, Ben (1997). The Napoleon of Crime: The Life and Times of Adam Worth, Master Thief. Delta. ISBN 0-385-31993-2.\nNash, Jay Robert (2004). The Great Pictorial History of World Crime. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 1-928831-21-4.\nStarrett, Vincent (1993). The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes. New York: Otto Penzler Books. ISBN 1883402050.\n\n\nGeneral references\n\"The American Magazine\". American Illustrated Magazine. New York: Colver Publishing House. 1905.\n\n\nExternal links"}}}}
part_xaa/acidomonas_methanolica
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acidomonas_methanolica","to":"Acidomonas methanolica"}],"pages":{"41940993":{"pageid":41940993,"ns":0,"title":"Acidomonas methanolica","extract":"Acidomonas methanolica is an acidophilic, facultatively methylotrophic bacterium from the genus Acidomonas, which was isolated from septic methanol yeast in East Germany. Acidomonas methanolica is the only known species from the genus Acidomonas.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nType strain of Acidomonas methanolica at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase"}}}}
part_xaa/ab_gowanlock
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Ab_Gowanlock","to":"Ab Gowanlock"}],"pages":{"28910802":{"pageid":28910802,"ns":0,"title":"Ab Gowanlock","extract":"Albert (Ab) Adam \"Spats\" Gowanlock (December 14, 1900 \u2013 September 27, 1988) was a Canadian curler from Manitoba.\nGowanlock was a two-time provincial and two-time Brier champion.\nGowanlock began curling in his hometown of Glenboro, Manitoba. Gowanlock and his rink of E. C. \"Bung\" Cartwell, Bill McKnight and Tom McKnight became the first team from rural Manitoba to win the Brier in 1938.\nGowanlock would later move to Dauphin, Manitoba where he worked for the Manitoba Department of Highways. He would win a second Brier in 1953 with teammates Jim Williams, Art Pollon and Russ Jackman. Gowanlock was 52 when he won the Brier, and is to date the oldest Brier winning skip in history.\nGowanlock won four Manitoba Curling Association Bonspiels in his career, and played in 57 consecutive tournaments. He was inducted to the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame in 1984. He died in 1988.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nManitoba Sports Hall of Fame and Museum profile\nManitoba Historical Society\nManitoba Sports Hall of Fame, Honoured Members Database"}}}}
part_xaa/adalbero_of_styria
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adalbero_of_Styria","to":"Adalbero of Styria"}],"pages":{"1350813":{"pageid":1350813,"ns":0,"title":"Adalbero of Styria","extract":"Adalbero (died about 1082/86), a member of the Otakar dynasty, was Margrave of Styria from 1075 until 1082. \n\n\nBiography\nHe was the eldest son of Margrave Ottokar I of Styria and his wife Willibirg of Eppenstein, possibly a daughter of Duke Adalbero of Carinthia. He succeeded as margrave upon the death of his father in 1075.\nLike his father, Adalbero sided with Emperor Henry IV in the fierce Investiture Controversy, which led to a confrontation with his younger brother Ottokar II, an ally of Pope Gregory VII. In 1082 Adalbero finally was forced to resign in favour of his brother and was killed shortly afterwards."}}}}
part_xaa/aaron_zebede
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Aaron_Zebede","to":"Aaron Zebede"}],"pages":{"27120940":{"pageid":27120940,"ns":0,"title":"Aaron Zebede","extract":"Aaron Zebede is a Panamanian stage actor, director, and producer. As a stage actor his work includes the roles of 'Alfred P. Doolitle' in My Fair Lady (2003), 'Per\u00f3n' in \"Evita\" (2004), 'Tevye' in Fiddler on the Roof (a role he played in two different productions), 'Otto Frank' in The Diary of Anne Frank, 'Toddy' in the musical Victor Victoria. and 'Max Bialystock' in \"The Producers\".\nIn 2013 Zebede starred in Andrew Goffman's Off-Broadway show The Accidental Pervert (Spanish version) at Panama's famed Teatro La Quadra. He then went to play the role of 'Georges' in the musical La Cage aux Folles and did a one-week run as 'Shrek' in Shrek the Musical. In 2017 he played the role of 'Edna Turnblad' in the Panamanian revival of Hairspray (musical).As director, Zebede directed Elton John & Tim Rice's Aida at the National Theatre of Panama as well as Lin-Manuel Miranda's In The Heights at the Teatro El C\u00edrculo (both in 2013), Sch\u00f6nberg & Boublil's Les Mis\u00e9rables in 2014, Andrew Lloyd Webber's Jesus Christ Superstar in 2015, Larry Kramer's AIDS drama The Normal Heart, the ABBA inspired hit Mamma Mia! at the Teatro Anayansi, the rock musical Rock of Ages, The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical), and Grease (musical).On the big screen Zebede worked in Escobar: Paradise Lost, with Benicio del Toro and Josh Hutcherson, directed by Andrea Di Stefano, and in the 2015 biopic Hands of Stone as Roberto Dur\u00e1n's father in law, directed by Jonathan Jakubowicz.He is also the author, director and star of a brand new one-hour comedy show, 'Turning 50' and recently directed Eve Ensler's The Vagina Monologues, and the Spanish musical \"Pegados\".\n\n\nFilmography\n2014 - Escobar: Paradise Lost\n2016 - Hands of Stone\n2017 - Ilegitimo\n2017 - Beyond Brotherhood\n2018 - Sin Pepitas en la Lengua\n2019 - Causa Justa\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n Media related to Aaron Zebede at Wikimedia Commons\n\nOfficial page\nAaron Zebede at IMDb\nOfficial Youtube Channel"}}}}
part_xaa/adele_farrington
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adele_Farrington","to":"Adele Farrington"}],"pages":{"33047081":{"pageid":33047081,"ns":0,"title":"Adele Farrington","extract":"Adele Farrington (1867 \u2013 19 December 1936) was an American actress of the silent film era.\n\n\nBiography\nBorn Anna King in Brooklyn, New York, Farrington was a stage actress before appearing in 74 films between 1914 and 1926. She was a relatively old actress for the silent film era, being 47 at the beginning of her film career. She appeared in many films directed by Lois Weber and Phillips Smalley. Her husband was film director and actor Hobart Bosworth, in whose films she also often appeared. They divorced and Bosworth remarried to a younger woman and had a small child by 1920. She died in Los Angeles, California.\n\n\nSelected filmography\nFalse Colors (1914)\nIt's No Laughing Matter (1915)\nHypocrites (1915)\nThe Devil's Bondwoman (1916)\nThe Love Girl (1916)\nThe Mate of the Sally Ann (1917)\nThe House of Silence (1918)\nSuch a Little Pirate (1918)\nPutting It Over (1919)\nA Fugitive from Matrimony (1919)\nIn Old Kentucky (1919)\nToo Much Johnson (1919)\nThe Mollycoddle (1920)\nThe Girl in the Web (1920)\nRio Grande (1920)\nOne Hour Before Dawn (1920)\nThe Palace of Darkened Windows (1920)\nBlack Beauty (1921)\nThe Child Thou Gavest Me (1921)\nHer Mad Bargain (1921)\nThe Spenders (1921)\nThe Charm School (1921)\nA Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1921)\nBobbed Hair (1922)\nThe Scarlet Lily (1923)\nOne Stolen Night (1923)\nBag and Baggage (1923)\nThe Man Next Door (1923)\nA Gentleman of Leisure (1923)\nShadow of the Law (1926)\nThe Traffic Cop (1926)\n\n\nExternal links\n\nAdele Farrington at IMDb\nAdele Farrington at the Internet Broadway Database"}}}}
part_xaa/abdon_batista
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abdon_Batista","to":"Abdon Batista"}],"pages":{"12680148":{"pageid":12680148,"ns":0,"title":"Abdon Batista","extract":"Abdon Batista is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Santa Catarina.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/absurd_minds
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Absurd_Minds","to":"Absurd Minds"}],"pages":{"4332324":{"pageid":4332324,"ns":0,"title":"Absurd Minds","extract":"Absurd Minds (sometimes styled (ABSU\u042fD) minds) is an electronic music group from Germany. It was created by Stefan Gro\u00dfmann and Tilo Ladwig in 1995.\n\n\nHistory\nThe formation of Absurd Minds began in 1995 with Stefan Gro\u00dfmann (voice, composing) and Tilo Ladwig (composing, programming, sampling). Musically they were inspired by the EBM of the early 1990s. The lyrics are inspired by religion and urge the listener to think for themselves, about themselves, about dreams, deceptions by the media and the forces of nature. \nIn the years 1995-1999, Absurd Minds released 3 CD-R's in limited quantities, laying the foundation for further developments by the band. After a long creative phase their first concert took place at the Dresden club, Bunker. As a result of this, the band came into contact with Music Cooperation who undertook the job as management. A recording contract with the label, Scanner, followed in December, 1999. In the meantime, Absurd Minds played in Electromania II in Leipzig. The recording for their first single, \"Brainwash\" and album, Deception began in January, 2000. \nIn March, the band played live at the Nostromo Festival in G\u00f6rlitz and opened for the Electromania III festival which was part of the Wave-Gotik-Treffen 2000. In December their second single, \"Come Alive\" appeared and in January, 2001 they began recording the album, Damn the Lie. During the work on this album the band took on a third member, Timo Fischer, who up to then had only played as reinforcement during live performances.\nTheir third album The Focus followed in October 2003, with the singles 'Master Builder' and 'Herzlos' both doing well in the DAC. Another appearance at the Wave-Gotik Treffen followed in 2004, whilst the fourth Absurd Minds album Noumenon was released in November 2005. It would take another five years for Absurd Minds to release their fifth album, Serve or Suffer, in 2010.\n\n\nDiscography\n\n\nAlbums\nVenture Inward (Album) (1998)\nDeception (Album) (Jun 2000)\nDamn The Lie (Album) (Regular & Limited Versions) (May 2001)\nThe Focus (Album) (Regular & Limited Versions) (Oct 2003)\nRevived (Remix/Compilation Album) (Sep 2005)\nNoumenon (Album) (Regular & Limited Versions) (Nov 2005)\nServe or Suffer (Album) (March 2010)\nTempus Fugit (Album) (Jan 2017)\nSapta (Album) (April 2020)\n\n\nSingles & EPs\nPlanetary Empire Demo (Demo) (1996)\nBrainwash (Maxi) (May 2000)\nCome Alive (Maxi) (Dec 2000)\nMaster Builder (Maxi) (Nov 2002)\nHerzlos (Maxi) (Feb 2004)\nThe Cycle (Absurd Minds) (EP) (Regular & Limited Versions) (Dec 2006)\n\n\nCompilation appearances\n\"Herzlos (E3 Remix by Soman)\" (Aderlass vol 2, 2004)\n\n\nReferences\nAbsurd Minds discography at MusicBrainz\nAbsurd Minds discography at Discogs \n\n\nExternal links\nAbsurd Minds Official Site\nAbsurd Minds (official MySpace page)"}}}}
part_xaa/achozen
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"11305256":{"pageid":11305256,"ns":0,"title":"Achozen","extract":"Achozen [pronounced: UH-choh-zen] (occasionally typeset as AcHoZeN) is a supergroup by System of a Down bassist Shavo Odadjian, Wu-Tang Clan member RZA, Killarmy member Kinetic 9, and Wu-Tang Clan affiliate Reverend William Burke. Their debut album has been completed and set for release for several years now, and it is unknown when or if the album will be released, considering Odadjian's commitments to System of a Down, who reunited in 2011. In July 2015, the group released a boombox digital collection of 8 songs recorded over the last few years. A standard album is still in the making, though songs are already available. After both Wu-Tang and System of a Down organized their respective reunions, material was released.\n\n\nMusic style\nThe music of Achozen is described by one writer as: \"space hip hop, rap without a coast or even a planet. Instead, each song revolves around a solar system of feeling. The album explores and exorcises a spectrum of emotions, as each track delves into either pain, ecstasy, hate or hope. Utilizing sitar and violin, Shavo breaks the mold, playing live instruments across the album, as he constructs beats with a cosmic fluidity\".The album features funk musician George Clinton (P-Funk), Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist John Frusciante, Wu-Tang affiliate Killah Priest, Wu-Tang Clan member GZA, Sick Jacken of Psycho Realm, and Leggezin Fin. The song \"Deuces\" is heard at the introduction of the film Babylon A.D. (2008). Achozen's first live show was at the Key Club in L.A on December 1, 2006.On November 13, 2009, the second Achozen track \"Salute/Sacrifice\" was released as a free download on Odadjian's online art district and networking site, urSESSION.com. The AcHoZeN album was anticipated to be released in mid-2010. That year, it was announced that the album was still on hold.\nThe Achozen album was set to be released with a special DVD with the album's main disc. Shavo considered giving the album out for free, having a completed work, seeing as how much time had passed. The album was ultimately released in a fixed boombox collection kit in 2015, and both Shavo and RZA have stated more songs could potentially be released in other formats.\n\n\nSingles\nAchozen has released two singles:\n\n\"Deuces\", hip hop/rapcore song, was used in the opening of the action sci-fi, blockbuster film Babylon A.D.. The song was used as the background to the sequence which introduces the mercenary character played by actor Vin Diesel.\n\"Salute/Sacrifice\"\n\n\nMembers\nShavo Odadjian \u2013 vocals, guitar\nRZA \u2013 vocals, keyboards, samples, beats, guitar\nKinetic 9 \u2013 vocals\nReverend William Burke \u2013 vocals\n\n\nAdditional performers\nJohn the Baptist \u2013 vocals\nShoGun Assasson \u2013 vocals\nKillah Priest \u2013 vocals\n4th Disciple \u2013 turntables\nJohn Frusciante - guitar\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nhttp://consequenceofsound.net/2015/07/rza-and-system-of-a-downs-shavo-odadjian-reactivate-achozen-release-new-album/\nhttp://exclaim.ca/Music/article/rza_system_of_downs_shavo_odadjian_finally_release_album_as_achozen\nhttp://www.antimusic.com/news/15/July/09System_Of_A_Downs_Shavo_Reactivates_Achozen_Side-Project.shtml"}}}}
part_xaa/adelaide_malanotte
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adelaide_Malanotte","to":"Adelaide Malanotte"}],"pages":{"28648284":{"pageid":28648284,"ns":0,"title":"Adelaide Malanotte","extract":"Adelaide Malanotte (1785 \u2013 31 December 1832) was an Italian operatic contralto who performed in major opera houses in Italy from 1806\u20131821. She is best known for creating the title role in the world premiere of Gioachino Rossini's Tancredi in 1813. After her marriage, she performed under the name Adelaide Montresor. Her son, Giovanni Battista Montresor, had a career as a tenor and impresario in the United States. From 1812 until her death 20 years later she carried on an extra-marital affair with the poet Luigi Lechi.\n\n\nLife and career\nBorn in Verona, Malanotte made her professional opera debut in her native city in 1806. In 1808 she was heard at the Teatro Comunale di Bologna as Ariodante in Simon Mayr's Ginevra di Scozia. In 1809 she performed the role of Enrico in the world premiere of Stefano Pavesi's Elisabetta regina d'Inghilterra at the Teatro Regio di Torino. She returned to that theatre the following year to perform the role of Itaferne in the premiere of Giuseppe Nicolini's Dario Istaspe. She also appeared at the Teatro Valle in Rome in 1810 in the premiere of Nicola Antonio Manfroce's Alzira.In 1811 Malanotte made appearances at the opera house in Ravenna and sang in Alzira again at the opera house in Monza. In 1812 she sang at La Fenice in the title role of Gaetano Rossi's Teodoro for the work's world premiere. She was also heard that year in Florence. She had a major triumph at La Fenice in 1813 when she performed the title role in the world premiere of Gioachino Rossini's Tancredi. She later performed that role in Ferrara (1814), Bologna (1814), Livorno (1816), and Naples (1818). The latter performance was attended by composer Ferdinand H\u00e9rold who \"did not like the timbre of her voice but thought her style, taste and intonation perfect\".Malanotte sang in two more world premieres at La Fenice during her career: Pavesi's Le Danaidi romane (1816, Cajo Valerio) and Francesco Basili's L'ira d'Achille (1817, Achille). She retired from the stage in 1821. She died in Sal\u00f2 in 1832 at the age of 47.\n\n\nReferences\nNotes\n\nSources\n\nGossett, Philip (2006), Divas and Scholar: Performing Italian Opera, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-30482-5"}}}}
part_xaa/abagar
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"5151767":{"pageid":5151767,"ns":0,"title":"Abagar","extract":"Abagar (\"\u0410\u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0440\") is a breviary by the Bulgarian Roman Catholic Bishop of Nikopol Filip Stanislavov printed in Rome in 1651. It is regarded as the first printed book in modern Bulgarian. The language of the breviary is a specific blend of modern Bulgarian and Church Slavonic with Serbo-Croatian influences, that was used in writing by the Catholics from Chiprovtsi, Bulgaria, in the period. Unlike many other works of the Bulgarian Roman Catholics, it was printed in Cyrillic and not Latin.\nThe book is named after the apocryphal message of King Abgar to Jesus that was included. A total of six copies of the book are preserved, only one of which in Bulgaria, housed in the SS. Cyril and Methodius National Library in Sofia. The first phototype issue of the book was published in 1905 by the Russian Kuzinsky. The first Bulgarian one followed in 1926 by Vasil Pundev and the one by Bozhidar Raykov was printed in 1979. It was not until 2001 that an edition translated to standard modern Bulgarian (by Kiril Kabakchiev) was published.\n\n\nReferences\n\u0411\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0438; \u041a\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u041c\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d (2003). \"\"\u0410\u0411\u0410\u0413\u0410\u0420\"\" [\"ABAGAR\"]. \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f\" [Electronic Edition \"History of Bulgaria\"] (in Bulgarian). \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u044f: \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434, \u0421\u0438\u0440\u043c\u0430. ISBN 954528613X.\nAmbrosiani, P. Copies of Filip Stanislavov's Abagar (Rome, 1651). \u2014 Scripta & e-Scripta, 14\u201315 (2015), 63\u201371."}}}}
part_xaa/adber
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"2611358":{"pageid":2611358,"ns":0,"title":"Adber","extract":"Adber (formerly Eatan) is a hamlet in Dorset, England. It is known as Ateberie in the Domesday Book.Adber has no church. Its position affords fine views over the county of Somerset.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n Media related to Adber at Wikimedia Commons\nAdber in the Domesday Book"}}}}
part_xaa/a_cure_for_wellness
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"A_Cure_for_Wellness","to":"A Cure for Wellness"}],"pages":{"46921823":{"pageid":46921823,"ns":0,"title":"A Cure for Wellness","extract":"A Cure for Wellness is a 2016 psychological horror film directed by Gore Verbinski and written by Justin Haythe, based on a story co-written by Haythe and Verbinski, who were both inspired by Thomas Mann's 1924 novel The Magic Mountain. Starring Dane DeHaan, Jason Isaacs and Mia Goth, the plot follows a young executive who is sent to retrieve his company's CEO from a mysterious rehabilitation center in the Swiss Alps.\nAn international co-production based in the United States, Germany, and Luxembourg, the film was shot on location at various German locations, including Hohenzollern Castle in Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg.\nThe film was released on February 17, 2017 by 20th Century Fox and received generally mixed reviews from critics, who praised its visuals, cinematography, performances and ambition, but criticized its length, script and narrative. It grossed $26 million against its $40 million production budget, making it a box-office bomb. The film marked Lisa Banes' final feature film role before her death in June 2021.\n\n\nPlot\nLockhart, an executive at a financial services firm in New York City, is sent by the board of directors to retrieve CEO Roland Pembroke, who had abruptly decided to stay at a \"wellness center\" in the Swiss Alps. At the spa, Lockhart is met with resistance by the staff and Dr. Heinreich Volmer in attempting to speak with Pembroke.\nLockhart leaves, but is involved in a car accident and awakens at the center \u2013 supposedly three days later \u2013 with his leg in a plaster cast. In spite of the horrendous accident, both he and the driver suffered only minor injuries. Lockhart meets a mysterious young girl named Hannah who, among others, doses herself with a mysterious fluid from small, cobalt-colored bottles.\nPatient Victoria Watkins and residents of the nearby town regale a fascinated Lockhart with the history of the spa. It was built on the ruins of a castle owned 200 years ago by a baron, who desired an heir of pure blood and married his sister. Learning she was infertile, he performed hellish experiments on the peasants to find a cure. He succeeded, but after finding the carelessly buried bodies of his victims, the peasants stormed the castle and set it on fire. They captured the baron's pregnant sister and the baby was cut from her womb before she was burned. The baby was thrown into the local aquifer, but somehow survived.\nLockhart attempts to escape the center but finds no one is allowed to leave. After gifting Hannah a ballerina figurine, Lockhart bikes into town with her help, leaving her in a bar and seeking out a translator for Pembroke's German medical dossier. He learns that the people of the spa suffer from dehydration despite the water they imbibe from the aquifer. Hannah, kept at the spa her entire life, explores the bar and attracts the locals\u2019 attention. Lockhart returns and gets into a fight with a man who was dancing with Hannah. He is rescued by Dr. Volmer, by whom the locals are curiously cowed.\nLockhart discovers the transfusion wing of the spa is a front for macabre medical experiments, and that the water from the local aquifer possesses unique properties \u2013 toxic to humans, but with life-restoring properties for the eels living in the water. The baron had devised a process to filter the water through the bodies of humans and distill it into a life-giving essence; Volmer uses the patients as filters for this process.\nThis \"cure\" is ingested by Hannah, Volmer, and his staff to gain vastly lengthened lifespans. Lockhart realizes that his leg is not broken and he is being kept prisoner. Volmer subjects Lockhart to nightmarish treatments, warping his mind until he believes he is insane. Hannah perceives this change and gives Lockhart back the ballerina figurine, breaking him out of his delirium.\nHannah has her first menstruation, and Volmer marries her. During the reception, he leads her to a secret bedroom in the ruins of the castle and begins to rape her. Lockhart breaks into Volmer's office and discovers Volmer is the baron and Hannah is his daughter, the baby who was thrown into the well; both have been aging very slowly due to the \"cure\". Spurred by this information, Lockhart confronts Volmer in the bedroom.\nIn the ensuing fight, Volmer's face is revealed to be a mask hiding his hideous burns. Lockhart sets Volmer and the castle on fire, but is overpowered by Volmer. Hannah saves Lockhart by killing her father, who falls into the aquifer and is eaten by the eels. Lockhart and Hannah escape on her bicycle as fire engulfs the center, and crash into a car carrying Lockhart's employers, having come to retrieve him and Pembroke. Lockhart tells his employers that Pembroke died, and is ordered into the car; he rides away with Hannah, eerily smiling as they finally escape the asylum.\n\n\nCast\n\n\nProduction\nThe screenplay for A Cure for Wellness was written by Justin Haythe, and based on a story conceived by Haythe and Verbinski, who were both inspired by the 1924 Thomas Mann novel The Magic Mountain. The central plot of Mann's novel also involves a sanitarium in the Swiss Alps. Verbinski and Haythe also state that the movie took visual and tonal inspiration from Silent era expressionist films and Universal Classic Monsters films, as well as the 1990 film Jacob's Ladder and the works of H.P. Lovecraft and Guillermo del Toro, namely The Dunwich Horror, Re-Animator, Cronos, and Pan's Labyrinth.\n\nThe film's leads, Dane DeHaan and Mia Goth, were announced in April 2015, Jason Isaacs was added to the cast that June.Principal photography for the film began on June 22, 2015 and took place mainly at Babelsberg Studio (co-producer) in Potsdam, Germany.Another great part of the film was shot at Hohenzollern Castle, in the German municipality of Bisingen. Eve Stewart, the set designer, stated that the castle was chosen out of a group of German castles because \"rather than looking initially frightening, [it] gave the impression of being a sort of sanctuary from modern life that we\u2019d all like to get to.\" The castle was closed to the public for filming from July 13 to July 24, 2015. Aside from Hohenzollern, parts of the film were also shot in Saxony-Anhalt and Zella-Mehlis, Germany. An abandoned hospital in Beelitz-Heilst\u00e4tten, Germany, served as a location for many of the hospital interiors. The film received funds of \u20ac8.1 million, from the German Federal Film Fund (DFFF), as well as \u20ac500,000 from Medienboard Berlin-Brandenburg.Benjamin Wallfisch composed the score for the film, with music conductor Gavin Greenaway and performed by Chamber Orchestra of London in Abbey Road Studio.\nThe water tank scenes took two weeks to film. DeHaan and the director communicated through an intercom, and DeHaan wore a buoyancy and body-positioning waist harness connected with wires and an oxygen tank.Verbinski and the crew used a rubber drill in the scene where Dr. Brennan, the facility's dentist, drills through Mr. Lockhart's healthy tooth without anesthesia. According to DeHaan, he was genuinely nervous and his reaction was used in the filming. Verbinski stated that the scene had compositing, and DeHaan stated there was no outright CGI. DeHaan filmed the scene while wearing a dental gag and strapped to the chair.In the car crash scene, DeHaan was placed into a harness inside a device described by Bryan Alexander of USA Today as being similar to a rotisserie before being tossed around. DeHaan stated that he experienced his sole filming injury there, in which his arm was dislocated from and then relocated into the socket in its shoulder.The German actors used in the scene in which Lockhart is assaulted by elderly people had no prior experience in film acting. Alexander wrote that this scene \"wasn't as torturous as it appears.\"\n\n\nMusic\n\nA Cure for Wellness was scored by Benjamin Wallfisch and recorded at Abbey Roads Studios in London. It was released by Milan Records on February 17, 2017. The soundtrack album consists of the film's score plus a stripped-down version of a Ramones song \"I Wanna be Sedated\" which is performed by Mirel Wagner.\n\n\nRelease\nThe film premiered at the Alamo Drafthouse Cinema in Austin, Texas on December 10, 2016, as part of the Butt-Numb-A-Thon Film Festival. It subsequently received a theatrical release in the United States on February 17, 2017, by 20th Century Fox, after initially being slated for a September 23, 2016 release date.In the United States, 20th Century Fox premiered a 40-second exclusive commercial during the 51st Super Bowl on February 5, 2017, which resembled a medication advertisement. An article in Vulture reviewed the television commercial, which noted: \"This spot that aired during the Super Bowl tonight may have tricked you into thinking you were just watching a regular commercial for some terrible new medication, probably not approved by the FDA. But it turned out you were watching a trailer for a new supernatural horror film.\"Two days before the film's U.S. premiere, The New York Times reported that 20th Century Fox had created a group of fake news sites as part of a viral marketing campaign for A Cure for Wellness. The film trailer also gained media attention for showing a scene where Mia Goth was in a bathtub full of eels.\n\n\nReception\n\n\nBox office\nA Cure for Wellness grossed $8.1 million in the United States and Canada and $18.4 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $26.5 million, against a production budget of $40 million.In the United States and Canada, the film was initially projected to gross $6\u20138 million from about 2,700 theaters in its opening weekend. However, after making just $300,000 from Thursday night previews and $1.5 million on its first day, weekend projections were lowered to $4 million. It ended up debuting to $4.2 million, finishing 10th at the box office.After dropping to $1.4 million in its second weekend, the film was pulled from 97.8% of theaters (2,704 to 88), the largest such drop by percentage ever and at the time the second largest (now fifth) third-week theater drop by number of screens in history.\n\n\nCritical response\nA Cure for Wellness received mixed reviews from critics, with praise for its visuals, cinematography, performances and ambition, but criticism for its length, plot and structure. Critics have noted the film's Lovecraftian elements. On the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 42% based on 214 reviews, with an average rating of 5.30/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"A Cure for Wellness boasts a surfeit of visual style, but it's wasted on a derivative and predictable story whose twists, turns, and frights have all been more effectively dealt before.\" On Metacritic, the film has a score of 47 out of 100, based on 40 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"C+\" on an A+ to F scale.A.O. Scott of The New York Times compared the film to works by Martin Scorsese and Guillermo del Toro, adding: \"It\u2019s all in good fun, really, though two and a half hours may be more of this kind of fun than a body can stand. You might feel like you\u2019re in the company of a manic cinephile friend breathlessly recounting his favorite movie scenes in no particular order. You admire his devotion, his taste and his scholarship, but in the end the experience is probably more satisfying for him than it is for you.\" Justin Chang of the Los Angeles Times wrote that the film's first hour \"sustains a creepy, clammy tension that draws you along without quite accelerating into outright terror,\" but concluding: \"The terrors we see in A Cure for Wellness are never as scary as they are beautiful, but they are never so beautiful as they are arbitrary.\" Andrew Lapin of National Public Radio wrote that DeHaan's \"disarmingly boyish face instantly gives us the impression of someone out of his element\", but felt the film was derivative and overly long.\nThe New Republic's Josephine Livingstone criticized the film's conclusion: \"The poor ending is a great shame. For Verbinski calls upon a great pantheon of stories in order to talk about daddy issues, yes, but more importantly to talk about capitalism. In the movie, two strains of moneymaking compete. Financial services go up against the wellness industry in a fully binaristic duel: city versus mountaintop, suit versus white coat, aggression versus docility. Both industries exploit those they profit from, and A Cure for Wellness is at its best when showing how contemporary philosophies of \u201chealth and wealth\u201d are, at base, all the same old sin.\" Moira Macdonald of The Seattle Times was critical of the film's runtime, noting: \"If Verbinski could have trimmed about an hour from the film (which weighs in at a portly 146 minutes), he might have had something... [it] looks terrific \u2014 clearly money was spent on production values, which is always a pleasant surprise in a non-franchise film...And the first half of the film nicely creates a squirmy, elegant tension.\" Tim Holland of TV Guide awarded the film three out of five stars, writing: A Cure for Wellness, Gore Verbinski\u2019s eerie and atmospheric new horror film, looks like something supreme schlockmeister Roger Corman might have produced back in the day\u2013if he\u2019d been handed a boatload of cash and was given a green light to spend it on just one picture, that is. And that\u2019s meant as a compliment: This movie is a demented riff on notable psychological thrillers like The Shining, Shutter Island, and The Phantom of the Opera, and it tosses in the most disturbing dental-work scene since Laurence Olivier did squirm-inducing things to Dustin Hoffman in Marathon Man. It\u2019s certainly the most deliriously deranged picture you\u2019re likely to see this year.\nWriting for TheWrap, Alonso Duralde praised the film's production design but criticized its narrative, saying: \"While the movie is about people who are happy to remain removed from the world, not realizing that they are involved in something truly dreadful, many viewers will be all too willing to head for the exits.\"\n\n\nHome media\nThe film was released on Blu-ray and DVD in North America by 20th Century Fox on June 6, 2017. The Blu-ray release features a deleted sequence, featurettes, and theatrical trailers as bonus materials, as well as digital and DVD copies.\n\n\nSee also\nThe Institute, a 2017 horror film with a similar premise.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website\nA Cure for Wellness at IMDb"}}}}
part_xaa/abelard_snazz
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abelard_Snazz","to":"Abelard Snazz"}],"pages":{"5336705":{"pageid":5336705,"ns":0,"title":"Abelard Snazz","extract":"Abelard Snazz was a fictional comics character, created by Alan Moore, and first illustrated by artist Steve Dillon. A super intelligent man, nicknamed \"The Man With The Multi-Storey Mind\", he appeared on the pages of British magazine 2000 AD.\n\n\nPublication history\nAbelard Snazz, also known as \"the man with the two/multi-story brain\", is a genius whose plans nevertheless do not work quite as intended. His first name was likely inspired by Moore's half-memory of having read about the philosopher Peter Abelard, but no specific link was implied. Snazz was Alan Moore's first recurring character for 2000 AD, and appeared in eight issues between 1980 and 1983. Snazz first appeared in Moore's third Ro-Jaws' Robo Tales strip for 2000 AD (and third work overall for that publication), in the two-part story \"The Final Solution\", in issues #189-190. Moving briefly into the Tharg's Future Shocks for his second storyline (third appearance) in #209, Snazz then gained his own short-lived strip in #237. 'The Man with the Double-Decker Brain' is a mutant with two brains and two sets of eyes (occasionally adorned by two sets of glasses). Convinced - with some accuracy - of his own genius, he acted as a consultant inventor, \"offering to handle complex problems with even more complicated solutions,\" and shared many character traits that Moore would return to with the America's Best Comics character Jack B. Quick in his Tomorrow Stories anthology comic, two decades later.Typically his innovative solutions build upon one another to great comic effect as his initial errors are compounded in ever-more bizarre ways. Joe McCulloch describes the logical progression of two of the strips in the following way:\n\nUpon inventing ultra-sophisticated police robots to rid crime, Snazz winds up reducing a planet to a police state, so he invents complementary robot criminals, but then innocent citizens are getting caught in the crossfire, so he invents robot civilians to be harmlessly wasted, and eventually the robots crowd the humans off the planet. In another scenario, he creates a Virtue-Converter to transmute the unlimited selflessness of the beatific Farbian Crottle-Worms into a lucrative source of energy, at least until his callous attitude toward his beaming work-force engenders Pride within them, counteracting their virtue and spoiling the plan.\nSnazz is regularly accompanied by his robot sidekick Edwin, whose dialogue tends to revolve around variations on the phrase \"You're a genius, Master!\", serving to stroke the ego of Snazz spurring him to ever more unlikely feats of \"intelligence\", while also underscoring the humour for the reader. Eventually, Snazz himself is frustrated by Edwin's cloying, servile flattery. Five of the six Abelard Snazz stories end with characters turning against Snazz and leaving him in a cliffhanger-style predicament.\nThe Abelard Snazz saga pales in significance when compared to Moore's better-known 2000 AD work - Skizz, D.R. & Quinch, and The Ballad of Halo Jones - but, despite its relative lack of exposure (and page count), it formed a cohesive whole, with \"a fairly tight continuity, with earlier adventures referenced later on, and even an ending of sorts.\"\n\n\nBibliography\n\n\nOriginal run\nThe character of Abelard Snazz appeared in three issues (two short strips) before getting his own eponymous strip, which ran for a further five issues (four complete storylines). All six stories were written by Alan Moore:\n\nRo-Jaws' Robo Tales: \"Final Solution\" (art by Steve Dillon, in 2000 AD #189-190, 1980)\nTharg's Future Shocks: \"The Return of the Two-Storey Brain!\" (art by Mike White, in 2000 AD #209, 1981)\nAbelard Snazz:\n\"The Double-Decker Dome Strikes Back\" (art by Mike White, in 2000 A.D. #237-238, 1981)\n\"Halfway to Paradise\" (art by John Cooper, in 2000 AD #245, 1982)\n\"The Multi-Storey Mind Mellows Out!\" (art by Paul Neary, in 2000 AD #254, 1982)\n\"Genius is Pain\" (art by Mike White, in 2000 AD #299, 1983)\n\n\nReprints\nThe first two Abelard Snazz stories were reprinted in Eagle/Quality's 1986 2000 AD vol. 2 reprint comics. \"Final Solution\" featured in issue 4, and issue 5 reprinted \"The Return of the Two-Storey Brain\".\n\n2000 A.D. vol. 2 #4 (Eagle, July 1986)\n2000 A.D. vol. 2 #5 (Quality, August 1986)Moore's short Future Shocks stories were collected in the late 1980s and reprinted in two volumes by Titan Books as Shocking Futures (1986) and Twisted Times (1987). All bar one of the Abelard Snazz strips feature in the second of the two volumes, because as Moore explains in the introduction to \"Twisted Times\", \"The Return of the Two-Storey Brain\" did not, due to \"unintentional plagiarism\" on his part from a story by R. A. Lafferty.\nTwisted Times (Titan, 1987, ISBN 0-907610-72-2)This story was nonetheless restored when Rebellion published all six Abelard Snazz stories, alongside Moore's other \"Future Shocks\" in the 2006 trade paperback:\n\nThe Complete Future Shocks (Rebellion, 2006, ISBN 1-904265-88-X)\n\n\nSynopses\n\n\n\"Final Solution\"\nOn the planet Twopp, crime is so rampant that even the Prime Minister, Chancellor, and Commissioner are robbed down to their underwear on their way to visit double-brained, four-eyed \u201cMutant Supermind\u201d Abelard Snazz, President of Think, Inc. The officials of Twopp ask Snazz for a solution to the planet's crime problem. Snazz's answer is to create a race of giant police robots, heavily armed and programmed to make unlimited arrests. Snazz is hailed as a genius by his sycophantic robot assistant, Edwin. Unfortunately, the police robots are so efficient that they arrest all of the criminals on the planet, and continue to fill out their arrest quotient by arresting citizens for minor offences, such as breaking the laws of etiquette, good taste, and grammar. With everybody getting arrested, the officials return to Snazz for help. Snazz creates a race of giant criminal robots to keep the robot police busy, thus saving innocent people from being arrested. However, the perfectly matched conflict between the robot police and robot criminals creates an all-out war which kills scores of innocent bystanders. After another visit from the officials, Snazz's latest solution is to create a race of little robot innocent bystanders to suffer in the humans\u2019 stead. This saves the people from harm, but it also leaves the planet Twopp overcrowded with robots. The humans abandon the planet, and when Snazz announces his idea of building a giant robot planet for them, the enraged officials have had enough and eject Snazz and Edwin into outer space.\n\n\n\"The Return of the Two-Storey Brain!\"\nAbelard Snazz and Edwin are rescued from deep space by a passing cruiser piloted by Hoolio Moolabar, who is despondent because he has lost his life savings on the casino world of Beteldryve. Snazz believes his genius can help Mollabar recoup his losses, and hits upon the idea of creating a time machine to make Hoolio and himself rich. After returning to Beteldryve, Snazz uses his \"Time Box\" to repeatedly place bets on games he already knows the outcome of. Snazz and Hoolio soon become the richest people in the galaxy, but Snazz subsequently loses all of their money by losing two-hundred coin-tosses against a doorman who, unbeknownst to Snazz, has been using an \u201cAcme Probability Scrambler.\u201d Edwin was unavailable to assist Snazz as he was busy getting drunk with some robot dancers. An enraged Hoolio refuses to let Snazz use the Time Box to win back their money, and instead uses it to send Snazz and Edwin back in time to when they were trapped in space. This time, when Hoolio's cruiser passes them, it doesn't stop to pick them up. This story is missing from most reprints due to Moore's \"unintentional plagiarism\" from a story by R. A. Lafferty.\n\n\n\"The Double-Decker Dome Strikes Back\"\nAdrift in deep space with a rapidly diminishing oxygen supply, Abelard Snazz is cryogenically preserved after a passing meteor ruptures his space suit's thermostat and freezes his body. Two thousand years later, a passing race of morose, Viking-like beings, the Farbians, rescue Snazz and bring him and the corroded remains of Edwin aboard their ship. After Snazz is defrosted and gets his bearings, he gleefully disposes of Edwin's remains via the ship's garbage disposal chute. The Farbians take Snazz back to their home planet, Farbus. The Farbians believe that Snazz is a god-like being, the \u201cToglub of the Two-Fold Gaze,\u201d and worship him accordingly. They also inform Snazz that he is the fulfillment of a prophecy \u2013 that the Toglub has been sent to deliver Farbus from three major calamities: their economic crisis, caused by the \u201cFarbian Crottle\u201d weed killing all their vegetation; their energy crisis, caused by a lack of fuel; and the crisis of a black hole\u2019s imminent approach to the planet. Snazz is duly informed that, should the Toglub fail to solve these three problems in a single stroke, he will be thrown to the Piranha-Dogs. After much thought, Snazz discovers that the Farbian Crottle is overrun and fed on by the intelligent \u201cFarbian Crottle-Worms\u201d \u2013 \u201cthe most saintly and good-natured beings in known space.\u201d Snazz creates a \u201cvirtue converter\u201d to transform the worms\u2019 good thoughts into an unlimited supply of energy \u2013 thus solving the energy crisis. Snazz theorises that other races will want to harness this source of energy, and the Farbians can sell abundant supplies of Farbian Crottle to them \u2013 thus solving the economic crisis. As for the black hole, Snazz comes up with the idea of stitching up the hole with a thread-like stream of \u201ccohesive neutrinos\u201d from a faster-than-light spaceship, piloted by himself and powered by Farbian Crottle-Worms. This plan initially works, until the Farbians praise the worms. An enraged Snazz declares that all the thanks should go to him, and that the worms are merely a bunch of \u201cdo-gooder maggots\u201d and \u201cmindless invertebrates.\u201d The worms are so insulted that they lose their good thoughts, and thus the ship loses power \u2013 and is sucked into the black hole.\n\n\n\"Halfway to Paradise\"\nAbelard Snazz ends up in an immigration-authority queue where people who have fallen into black holes are processed. When Snazz informs the official that his previous occupation was being employed by the people of Farbus as the \u201cGreat God Toglub,\u201d he is dispatched to the \u201cBide-a-Wee-Twilight Dimension for Disinherited Deities.\u201d There, Snazz encounters a collection of ancient gods (mostly from Greek mythology) who have lost their power because no one believes in them anymore. Snazz appoints himself the gods\u2019 new manager, and begins a massive promotional campaign to rebrand the gods and bring them up to date, making himself rich in the process. Snazz brings the \u201cGods Revival\u2019\u201d to Ursa Minor, where he introduces to the inhabitants the gods\u2019 new roles, including Ares as the God of Space Invaders Machines, Demeter as the Goddess of Health Food Stores, Apollo as the Disco God, and Eros as the God of Popular Romantic Fiction. Unfortunately, the people worship the gods so much that they revert to human sacrifice to placate them. An appalled Snazz tries to convince the gods to put an end to it, but they inform him that creating barbarism \u201cis what being a god is all about!\u201d Snazz refuses to allow this, so the gods decide to banish him: Snazz is left stranded in \u201ca realm of bleak isolation\u201d from which he can only escape if he solves a puzzle left by Zeus - a gigantic Rubik's Cube.\n\n\n\"The Multi-Storey Mind Mellows Out!\"\nSix million years later, Abelard Snazz is rescued from the Dimension of Bleak Desolation by a pair of hippies working for Amnesty Intergalactic. Snazz is rescued just before he can use a giant crane to make the final turn to solve the giant Rubik's Cube \u2013 it took Snazz twelve thousand years to mine enough metal to build the crane, and another thirty thousand years to actually build it. The hippies take Snazz back to Earth, which has enjoyed a utopian existence ever since California won World War 26. Snazz is dismayed that Earth has become such a \u201ctechnological paradise\u201d that there is nothing left for him to invent. However, he soon hits upon the idea of creating robot tennis players to replace human players. The hippies of City Hall agree that making tennis purely a spectator sport would make the game more \u201cmellow\u201d and more of a \u201ccommunal sharing experience.\u201d Snazz duly creates robot tennis players, gigantic enough to be seen by huge crowds. Snazz explains that the robots are highly skilled at tennis because they have been programmed with the personalities of great 20th century tennis players. Unfortunately, one of the robots has the personality of John McEnroe, and after arguing with the tennis umpire during a match, the robot loses its temper and begins to destroy the stadium. The humans run for their lives, and punish Snazz by attempting to drown him in the city's giant Jacuzzi.\n\n\n\"Genius is Pain\"\nBefore he falls into the giant whirlpool bath, Abelard Snazz is teleported to the other side of the universe to face trial before the Manager of the Universe. The Manager recounts all of Snazz's misadventures up to this point, and Snazz's attempt to escape by threatening him with a \u201cNeuron-Whisk\u201d fails. At the moment of pronouncing judgment, everyone begins singing \u201cHappy Birthday to You\u201d to Snazz. The Manager explains to Snazz that any citizen who passes \u201cthe six million mark\u201d is honored with a celebration and \u201cthe one gift\u201d that would make him \u201chappier than anything in the world.\u201d Snazz unwraps his \u201cperfect gift,\u201d but rather than empiric power or riches, Snazz is dismayed to discover that his gift is his old robot servant Edwin, who has been recovered from deep space and rebuilt. Overjoyed to see his old master, Edwin is as cloying as ever, and Snazz breaks down in tears of anguish, misinterpreted by those in the room as tears of gratitude. Snazz is left to reacquaint himself with Edwin, and elects to pummel the robot repeatedly instead. Between each knock, Edwin still proclaims Snazz to be \u201ca genius!\u201d\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n2000 AD profile\nAlan Moore's Twisted Times (1987) Content at FantasticFiction\nAbelard Snazz profile at International Hero\nAbelard Snazz information; Grant Goggans' Touched by the hand of Tharg Part One"}}}}
part_xaa/abel_stearns
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abel_Stearns","to":"Abel Stearns"}],"pages":{"20368204":{"pageid":20368204,"ns":0,"title":"Abel Stearns","extract":"Abel Stearns (February 9, 1798 \u2013 August 23, 1871) was an American trader who came to the Pueblo de Los Angeles, Alta California in 1829 and became a major landowner and cattle rancher and one of the area's wealthiest citizens.\n\n\nEarly life\nStearns was born in Lunenburg, Massachusetts, the son of Elizabeth (n\u00e9e Goodrich) and Levi Stearns, a farmer. His parents were both from families that came from England in the 1600s. In about 1826 he went to Mexico, where he became a naturalized citizen.\n\n\nLos Angeles\nIn 1829, Stearns emigrated to Monterey, California, and then settled in the Pueblo de los \u00c1ngeles in present day Los Angeles, California. He obtained a government concession to build a warehouse at San Pedro, the nearest seaport. Later, he established a stagecoach route connecting San Pedro Bay with the Los Angeles pueblo. In 1831, he built a three-story flour mill on North Spring Street, Los Angeles. Soon, Stearns became one of the most prominent and influential citizens of the pueblo.In 1842 Stearns bought his first rancho, the 28,000-acre (110 km2) Rancho Los Alamitos between Los Angeles and the harbor. A drought occurred between 1862 and 1864 which was said to have resulted in the death of 50,000 cattle on Stearns land alone. Stearns mortgaged the rancho to Michael Reese, who then purchased it at a sheriff's sale. Reese's estate was then sold to John W. Bixby and Isaias W. Hellman, a founder of the Farmers and Merchants Bank.\nIn 1842 Stearns made the first recorded shipment of California gold to the U.S. Mint. On July 8, 1843, his package of 1,843 ounces of placer gold, valued at $19 an ounce, was deposited in the Philadelphia Mint by Alfred Robinson.Following the Mexican-American War, Stearns represented Los Angeles to the US military government of California, 1848\u20131850. He was a delegate to the 1849 California Constitutional Convention, representing the district of Los Angeles. Later he was California State Assemblyman, and a Los Angeles County Supervisor and a member of the Los Angeles Common Council, the legislative branch of the city government.\n\n\nRanchos\n\nBy 1860, Stearns was the most important land owner in Southern California, and owned Rancho La Habra, Rancho Los Coyotes, Rancho San Juan Caj\u00f3n de Santa Ana, Rancho Las Bolsas, Rancho La Bolsa Chica, Rancho Jurupa and Rancho La Sierra (Sepulveda). He was hit hard by the drought of 1863\u201364, which caused the loss of thousands of cattle. By 1868 he had suffered such financial reverses that he mortgaged all his ranch assets in what were then Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties.\n\n\nRobinson Trust\nTo obtain the necessary operating capital, he formed a real estate sales partnership with Alfred Robinson and four San Francisco investors; Samuel Brannan, E. F. Northam, Charles B. Polhemus, and Edward Martin. It became known as the Robinson Trust in 1868. He turned over 177,796 acres (720 km2) to the Trust, including all but one of his ranchos.\nThe era of the large cattle ranchos was waning. In its place came agriculture, as ranchos were broken up and generally sold in 40-acre (160,000 m2) farms and ranches. The Robinson Trust acted as sales agents for the subdivisions. To gain maximum coverage for their campaign, they linked themselves to the California Immigrant Union and helped guide that organization's sales pitches.\nDespite considerable friction between Stearns and the other members of the trust, the Robinson Trust succeeded. By 1870 Stearns had escaped the debts incurred by the drought of the 1860s and was on his way to accumulating another fortune.\n\n\nFamily life\nStearns was nicknamed \"Cara de Caballo\" (Horse Face), because of his long-jawed countenance. In 1841, he married Arcadia Bandini of the wealthy Bandini family. They lived and entertained at their Los Angeles home, the historic Don Abel Stearns House. \nStearns died on August 23, 1871, at age 72 in the Grand Hotel, San Francisco, California. He was interred at Calvary Cemetery, Los Angeles.\n\n\nSee also\n\nCasa De San Pedro in 1834 the Casa was sold to Abel Stearns.\nList of pre-statehood mayors of Los Angeles, California\nHistory of Los Angeles\nRanchos of California\nList of Ranchos of California\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/adamu_tesfaw
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adamu_Tesfaw","to":"Adamu Tesfaw"}],"pages":{"7745663":{"pageid":7745663,"ns":0,"title":"Adamu Tesfaw","extract":"Adamu Tesfaw (born 1933), also called Qes Adamu Tesfaw is an Ethiopian artist. \nTesfaw was born in 1933, and raised in Bichena in Gojjam province. He was educated as a priest in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. In the late 1950s, Tesfaw moved to Addis Ababa to pursue painting as a career, ultimately leaving the priesthood. There he had the help of his godfather Yohannes Tessema, a successful commercial artist. He sold paintings through his godfather, and later through several souvenir shops in Addis Ababa.\nTesfaw produces large paintings on cloth of scenes of Ethiopian culture and history, and also religious art in the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition.\nHis work has been featured in a number of showings of Ethiopian art overseas, and the UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History organized a touring exhibition of his work in 2004, which continued touring until at least November 2007. In 2004 he also appeared on the popular Ethiopian Television program \"Meto Haya\".\n\n\nFurther reading\nPainting Ethiopia: The Life And Work Of Qes Adamu Tesfaw, University of California Los Angeles, Fowler (June 2005)\n\n\nNotes\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAdamu's Autobiography"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_wurtzel
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Wurtzel","to":"Adam Wurtzel"}],"pages":{"38746502":{"pageid":38746502,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Wurtzel","extract":"Adam Wurtzel (born October 2, 1985) is an American television personality, host and producer. He is best known for hosting the Syndicated TV series \"Nashville Insider\" as well as co-hosting the live stage game show, \"Hollywood's Greatest Game Shows\" with Bob Eubanks.\n\n\nCareer\nWurtzel began his hosting career in college when he created and hosted Eastern Expedition at Eastern Connecticut State University. This show quickly gained attention when it won a BEA Award in Las Vegas for Best Student Production.In 2009, Wurtzel was selected through a nationwide search to host the 3-hour Game Show Network live game show GSN Live. Already the Audience Warm-Up and Producer for CBS's The Early Show, this attention led Wurtzel to be named Backstage Correspondent for CBS's Early Backstage segments.\nWurtzel moved to Nashville with his wife, country music publicist Carly Caramanna in early 2012, where he began working for WSMV-TV in Nashville, covering both Better Nashville and News & More at Midday. He started his work on \"Nashville Insider\" in 2016 at the start of the show's run. Wurtzel is also an accomplished producer, having worked on major reality television shows such as Celebrity Apprentice, Kitchen Nightmares, America's Got Talent, and Jerseylicious.\nWurtzel also produced Jenny McCarthy's segments for ABC's Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve for 5 years.\nSince 2020, Wurtzel has been hosting the online YouTube talk show, Hosts at Home, which features virtual interviews with some of the greatest game show hosts.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAdam Wurtzel (Official Site)\n[1]\n[2]"}}}}
part_xaa/adamovec
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"3561004":{"pageid":3561004,"ns":0,"title":"Adamovec","extract":"Adamovec is a small town in central Croatia, north of Sesvete and southwest of Sveti Ivan Zelina. It is formally a settlement (naselje) of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. According to the 2001 census, Adamovec counts 984 inhabitants.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/aaron_trahair
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Aaron_Trahair","to":"Aaron Trahair"}],"pages":{"13442887":{"pageid":13442887,"ns":0,"title":"Aaron Trahair","extract":"Aaron Trahair (born 3 February 1976) is an Australian former professional basketball player.\n\n\nCareer\nBefore beginning his career in the NBL, Trahair attended the Australian Institute of Sport in 1992 and 1993. He began his NBL career with the Perth Wildcats in 1994, and was named runner-up to Sam Mackinnon in the Rookie of the Year award for that season. The following year, Trahair was a member of the Australian under 19's team that won silver at the Junior World Championships, and won his only NBL championship with the Wildcats. In doing so, he was a member of the Wildcats squad that travelled to the McDonald's Championship in London that competed against the NBA's Houston Rockets and Spain's Real Madrid.\nIn 1997, Trahair headed east to play with the Sydney Kings where he remained until the conclusion of the 1999\u20132000 season. Over the next several years, Trahair played a series of short stints with numerous fledgling NBL clubs including the Cairns Taipans, West Sydney Razorbacks, Hunter Pirates, and the Singapore Slingers.\nPrior to the commencement of the 2007\u201308 season, the unsigned Trahair trained and appeared in several pre-season matches with the Wildcats while in Perth visiting family. Despite early reports that the Wildcats would not sign Trahair (as they held out for the possibility that American forward Shawn Redhage would become an Australian citizen), the guard was officially signed up shortly before the first match of the season against his previous club, the Singapore Slingers. However, after appearing in just eight games with limited minutes for the Wildcats, Trahair was released by the club in December 2007 to allow him to sign with the Wollongong Hawks for the remainder of the season.In 2007 and 2008, Trahair played in the State Basketball League (SBL) for the Rockingham Flames, then between 2009 and 2013, he played for the Mandurah Magic.In 2015, Trahair served as an assistant coach for the Rockingham Flames men's team. In 2016, he served as head coach of the Geraldton Buccaneers. Between 2017 and 2022, he served as head coach of the Mandurah Magic men's team.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nNBL stats"}}}}
part_xaa/abri_pataud
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abri_Pataud","to":"Abri Pataud"}],"pages":{"38565796":{"pageid":38565796,"ns":0,"title":"Abri Pataud","extract":"L'Abri Pataud, or the Pataud Shelter in English, is a prehistoric site found in the middle of the village Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil in Dordogne, Aquitaine, southwestern France. The site includes human remains, stone tools, and early cultural artifacts made during the Upper Paleolithic, between approximately 47,000 and 17,000 years ago.\n\n\nSite overview\nThe stratigraphic sequence at the site includes remains from the Upper Paleolithic, particularly from the Aurignacian (47,000 to 27,000 BP), the Gravettian (32,000 to 22,000 BP), and lastly from the Solutrean (22,000 to 17,000 BP). Remains include human bones, tools, and cave paintings.\n\nThe French government classified the site as an historical monument by decree on 25 June 1930, and additional shelters located nearby under the cliff further protected as of May 9, 1958. The site became the property of the museum of natural history in 1957 at the initiative of Hallam L. Movius, who had directed excavations since 1953. Movius continued to direct investigations between 1958 and 1964, aided by a team from the museum.\nThe results of the excavations were compiled by Harvey M. Bricker, on the basis of American hypotheses regarding the site's origins. A finer reading of the stratigraphy of the site may not have been published; continuing work will help elucidate the evolution of stone tool use at the shelters themselves, and their relationship to other sites in the region.\n\n\nThe Venus of l'Abri Pataud\n\nIn 1958, a small carved female figure was found on a stone about 20 cm (7.9 in) tall, likely dating to approximately 21,000 years BP. According to Hallum Movius, the figure represents a comparatively young woman, \"more slender and gracile than is normally the case,\" roughly carved, and with contours suggesting pregnancy. Movius wrote that the despite \"disharmonic features, the overall proportions of the figure are both pleasing and, at first glance, symmetrical.\" Movius continued, \"from a stylistic point of view, this figure has been rendered in the finest tradition of Upper Paleolithic art as represented by the well-known series of carvings and statuettes, collectively known as Venuses\u2026\"\nThe figure was found following a violent storm, making its origin within the shelter difficult to know exactly.\n\n\nPublic access\nSince 1990 the site has allowed visitors from the public. Under the direction of Henry de Lumley, assisted by Brigitte Delluc, a museum was established allowing partial views of excavations.\n\n\nSee also\nUpper Paleolithic\nHallam L. Movius\nLes Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nSite reviewing the \"Venus of Abri Pataud\nMuseum page\nPage from Hominides.com\n\n\nBibliography\nHallam L. Movius Jr., \u00ab The Abri Pataud Program of the French Upper Paleolithic in Retrospect \u00bb, dans (en) Gordon R. Willey (dir.), Archaeological Researches in Retrospect, Cambridge, Winthrop Publishers, 1974, 296 p. (ISBN 0-87626-044-X) ; r\u00e9\u00e9d. University Press of America, Washington, 1982 (ISBN 978-0-8191-2239-1), p. 87-116\nHallam L. Movius Jr. (dir.), Excavations at the abri Pataud, Les Eyzies (Dordogne), Cambridge, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, coll. \u00ab American School of Prehistoric Research (ASPR) \u00bb, 1975-1985 :\nvol. 1 : (en) Hallam L. Movius Jr. (dir.), Excavations at the abri Pataud, Les Eyzies (Dordogne) (no 30), 1975, 305 p. (ISBN 0-87365-533-8) avec des contributions d'Hallam L. Movius Jr., Sheldon Judson, William R. Farrand, Jean Bouchud, S. Peter Dance, Joakim J. Donner, Joan F. Wilson, William H. Drury, Harvey M. Bricker, Ginette Billy et Pierre Legoux\nvol. 2 : (en) Hallam L. Movius Jr., Excavations at the abri Pataud, Les Eyzies (Dordogne): Stratigraphy (no 31), 1977, 167 p. (ISBN 0-87365-534-6)\nvol. 3 : (en) Harvey M. Bricker (dir.) et Nicholas David, Excavations at the abri Pataud, Les Eyzies (Dordogne): The P\u00e9rigordian VI (level 3) assemblage (no 34), 1984, 109 p. (ISBN 0-87365-537-0)\nvol. 4 : (en) Harvey M. Bricker (dir.) et Nicholas David, Excavations at the abri Pataud, Les Eyzies (Dordogne): The Noaillian (Level 4) Assemblages and the Noaillian Culture in Western Europe (no 37), 1985, 355 p. (ISBN 0-87365-540-0)\nBrigitte Delluc et Gilles Delluc, \u00ab Un bouquetin sculpt\u00e9 de style solutr\u00e9en dans la cave troglodytique Pataud (Les Eyzies, Dordogne) \u00bb, L'Anthropologie, vol. 90, no 4, 1986, p. 603-612\nBrigitte Delluc et Gilles Delluc, L'abri Pataud aux Eyzies, Le Bugue, PLB, coll. \u00ab Fleur de lys \u00bb, 1990, 16 p. (ISBN 2-86952-016-6)\nHarvey M. Bricker (dir.), Le Pal\u00e9olithique sup\u00e9rieur de l'abri Pataud (Dordogne) : Les fouilles de H.L. Movius Jr., Paris, \u00c9ditions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme, coll. \u00ab Documents d'arch\u00e9ologie fran\u00e7aise (DAF) \u00bb (no 50), 1995, 328 p. (ISBN 2-7351-0628-4)\nBruno Bosselin, \u00ab Contribution de l'abri Pataud \u00e0 la chronologie du Gravettien fran\u00e7ais \u00bb, Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9historique fran\u00e7aise, vol. 93, no 2, avril-juin 1996, p. 183-194 [texte int\u00e9gral]\nBruno Bosselin, Le Protomagdal\u00e9nien du Blot : Les industries lithiques dans le contexte culturel du Gravettien fran\u00e7ais, Li\u00e8ge, Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, coll. \u00ab \u00c9tudes et recherches arch\u00e9ologiques de l'universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge (ERAUL) \u00bb (no 64), 1997, 329 p.\nBrigitte Delluc et Gilles Delluc, Visiter l'abri Pataud, Bordeaux, Sud Ouest, coll. \u00ab Visiter \u00bb, 1998, 32 p. (ISBN 2-87901-265-1)\nDans les actes du XIVe congr\u00e8s de l'Union internationale des sciences pr\u00e9historiques et protohistoriques (UISPP), \u00e0 l'Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, du 2 au 8 septembre 2001 :\nLaurent Chiotti, Brigitte Delluc, Gilles Delluc, Christiane Leroy-Prost, Roland Nespoulet, Maryl\u00e8ne Patou-Mathis, Marie Perp\u00e8re, Christophe Pottier, Astrid Vannoorenberghe, Carole Vercout\u00e8re, \u00ab Le Pal\u00e9olithique sup\u00e9rieur de l'abri Pataud, Les Eyzies-de-Tayac, Dordogne, France : Nouveaux r\u00e9sultats \u00bb, dans Secr\u00e9tariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du Congr\u00e8s (dir.), Michel Dewez (dir.), Pierre Noiret (dir.) et \u00c9ric Teheux (dir.), Section 6, Le pal\u00e9olithique sup\u00e9rieur, sessions g\u00e9n\u00e9rales et posters, Oxford, Archaeopress, coll. \u00ab British Archaeological Reports (BAR) / International Series \u00bb (no S1240), 2004, 317 p. (ISBN 1-84171-599-9), p. 285-292\nBrigitte Delluc et Gilles Delluc, \u00ab L'art \u00e0 l'abri Pataud, Les Eyzies, Dordogne \u00bb, dans Marylise Lejeune (dir.) et Anne-Catherine Welte (dir.), L'art du Pal\u00e9olithique sup\u00e9rieur : Actes des colloques 8.2 et 8.3, Li\u00e8ge, Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, coll. \u00ab \u00c9tudes et recherches arch\u00e9ologiques de l'universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge (ERAUL) \u00bb (no 107), 2004, 277 p., p. 87-94\nBruno Bosselin, \u00ab Quelques pr\u00e9cisions sur la chronologie du Gravettien fran\u00e7ais \u00bb, Bulletin de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Pr\u00e9histoire du Sud-Ouest, vol. 9, no 1, 2002, p. 95-100 [texte int\u00e9gral]\nLaurent Chiotti, Les industries lithiques aurignaciennes de l'abri Pataud, Dordogne, France : Les fouilles de Hallam L. Movius Jr., Oxford, Archaeopress, coll. \u00ab British Archaeological Reports (BAR) / International Series \u00bb (no 1392), 2005, 349 p. (ISBN 1-84171-830-0)\nChristophe Pottier, Le Gravettien moyen de l'abri Pataud (Dordogne, France), le niveau 4 et l'\u00e9boulis 3/4 : \u00c9tude technologique et typologique de l'industrie lithique, th\u00e8se pour obtenir le grade de docteur du Mus\u00e9um national d'histoire naturelle, D\u00e9partement de Pr\u00e9histoire, Institut de pal\u00e9ontologie humaine, sous la dir. d'Henry de Lumley, 7 janvier 2005, 396"}}}}
part_xaa/abraham_palacci
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abraham_Palacci","to":"Abraham Palacci"}],"pages":{"51607169":{"pageid":51607169,"ns":0,"title":"Abraham Palacci","extract":"Abraham Palacci (1809 or 1810\u2013January 2, 1898) was a grand rabbi and author (in Ladino and Hebrew) of Ottoman Smyrna which is now Izmir. He was the son of grand rabbi Haim Palachi and brother of grand rabbi Rahamim Nissim Palacci and rabbi Joseph Palacci. He came from the influential Pallache family.\n\n\nLife\nAbraham Palacci was the son of Lastrolh and Haim Palacci, who was grand rabbi of Izmir before him. He studied at Beth Jacob Rabbi in Izmir. Like his father, he began writing essays at an early age. He helped his father write and print books.\nUpon the death of his father in 1868, Palacci was appointed grand rabbi of Izmir, a position he held for thirty years until his death in 1898. Some dispute arose over Palacci's succession. A minority in the local community championed Rabbi Joseph Hakim of Manissa to succeed. A majority wanted son Abraham to succeed him, including Jews with foreign citizenship. Abraham succeeded his father on October 7, 1869. He promoted modern education.In 1892, Palacci became honorary president of the Izmir city planning committee.\n\n\nPersonal and death\nPalacci married Sara. When she died he remarried. He had two sons named Solomon and Nissim and two daughters. Through marriage, he was related to Rabbi Moshe Hacohen of Djerba, Tunisia.He died on January 2, 1899.\n\n\nAwards\nOrder of Osmaniye, third class\nOrder of St. Sauveur of Greece\n\n\nLegacy\n\n\nSuccession\nYoungest brother Joseph Palacci was to succeed his brothers as grand rabbi but proved too young (under seventy-five) under current law. Instead, Solomon, one of Abraham's sons, was nominated to succeed. Due to Solomon's credentials (weak in scholarship, discordant in community), tension arose, and Joseph Eli (died 1906) was nominated. To end the dispute, Solomon received another position in the rabbinate and Joseph Eli succeeded briefly (1899-1900). Finally, Joseph ben Samuel Bensenior (1837\u20131913) succeeded as grand rabbi in December 1900.\n\n\nSynagogue\nA synagogue in Izmir is named after him (Beth Hillel Synagogue according to Shaw, Beyt Hillel Pallache according to Lewental) or his son Abraham.\nAccording to Jewish Izmir Heritage, \"In the 19th century, Rabbi Avraham Palache founded in his home a synagogue named Beit Hillel, after the philanthropist from Bucharest who supported the publication of Rabbi Palache's books. However, the name 'Avraham Palache Synagogue' was also used by the community.\" This synagogue forms a cluster of eight extant (from a recorded peak of 34 in the 19th Century), all adjacent or in the Kemeralt\u0131 \u00c7ar\u0161isi (Kemeralt\u0131 marketplace) in Izmir. The heritage organization states, \"Izmir is the only city in the world in which an unusual cluster of synagogues bearing a typical medieval Spanish architectural style is preserved ...[and] creating an historical architectural complex unique in the world.\"In its record, Journey into Jewish Heritage calls the Beit Hillel synagogue \"Avraham Palaggi's synagogue\" but then states that \"the synagogue was founded by Palaggi Family in 1840\" and that Rav Avraham Palaggi \"used\" it. \"The building had been used as a synagogue and a \nBeit Midrash. The synagogue has not been used since 1960's.\" It concludes, \"The synagogue was founded by the Palaggi family and is therefore very important.\"\n\n\nWorks\nTwenty books by Palacci remain in print; other writings burned in a great fire in Izmir (which also burned his father's manuscripts).\nLike his father, Palacci put his name \"Abraham\" into the names of most of his books, which also use verses from Genesis in which God remembered Abraham.\n\nAbraham Heard, Q&A on the Shulchan Aruch Goshen Mishpat (Izmir, Av Beit)\nNamed Abraham, Part A, (Abraham affairs Systems), Rashi's commentary (Izmir)\nNamed Abraham, Part B, on the Safra (Izmir)\nAbraham References (Izmir)\nAbraham Selfish, Part I (Izmir)\nAbraham Selfish, Part II (Izmir)\nAbraham's Hand (Izmir)\nAbraham's Eyes (Izmir)\nBlessed Abraham (Salonica)\nAnd Abraham Hastened (Izmir)\nThanks to Abraham (Izmir)\nAnd Called Abraham (Izmir)\nRedeemed Abraham (Izmir)\nLiving Will (Izmir)\nAbraham Secondly (Izmir)\nAnd Abraham was Old (Izmir)\nAnd Proved Abraham, sermons ethic (in Ladino) (Salonica)\nAnd Joseph Abraham, written with brother Rabbi Yosef Palagi (Ladino and Hebrew) (Izmir)\nAnd Abraham Rose, Psalms, (Izmir)\nThen Answered Abraham, Q&A (Izmir)\nHonorable Jacob, Q&A on Jacob Akris, edited by Pallaci (Izmir)\n\n\nSee also\nLadino language\nPallache family\nHaim Palachi\nRahamim Nissim Palacci\nJoseph Palacci\nJuda Lion Palache\nCharles Palache\nSamuel Pallache\nJoseph Pallache\nJoseph Pallache\nMoses Pallache\nDavid Pallache\nSamuel ha-Levi\nPallache (surname)\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal sources\nBeit Hatfutsot: Photo of Rabbi Abraham Palaggi Chief Rabbi of Izmir, with Members of the Jewish Community, Izmir, Turkey, 1896\nIn the book History of Chabif\nEncyclopedia sages Turkey, Jerusalem Law, pages 94\u201397\nRedeemed Abraham, Part I, Jerusalem Tss\"b, page D-k\nAbraham glory of the Passover Haggadah, Jerusalem Tss\"h, introduction to the story of his life and his community"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_brodecki
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Brodecki","to":"Adam Brodecki"}],"pages":{"39828873":{"pageid":39828873,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Brodecki","extract":"Adam Jan Brodecki (1 August 1949 \u2013 17 October 2010) was a Polish pediatrician, member of the Sejm (1989\u20131991), and former competitive pair skater. With his skating partner, Gra\u017cyna Kostrzewi\u0144ska (Osma\u0144ska), he placed 11th at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo.With his wife Halina, also a medical doctor, he had two sons, Marcin (born in 1971), Adam (1976), and a daughter, Katarzyna (1983).\n\n\nResults\n\n\nWith Kostrzewi\u0144ska (Osma\u0144ska)\n\n\nWith Pawlina\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAdam Brodecki at the Polski Komitet Olimpijski (in Polish) (archived)\nAdam Brodecki at the International Olympic Committee\nAdam Brodecki at Olympics.com"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_nichols
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Nichols","to":"Adam Nichols"}],"pages":{"39397702":{"pageid":39397702,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Nichols","extract":"Adam Anthony Nichols (born 14 September 1962) is an English former footballer who played in the Football League as a defender for Colchester United.\n\n\nCareer\nBorn in Ilford, London, Nichols started his career at Ipswich Town as an apprentice, making nine youth team appearances, scoring eight times, and scoring twice in 27 reserve team games. He signed professional terms in 1979 but failed to break into the Ipswich first-team squad. He then moved to South Africa to play for Wits University.In September 1983, Colchester United manager Cyril Lea signed Nichols on non-contract terms, making his debut for the club on 18 October in a 1\u20130 win against Bury at Layer Road in the Fourth Division, coming on as a substitute for Perry Groves. He made six league appearances for the club and scored once in a 6\u20130 demolition of Hartlepool United on 3 December 1983. His final appearance came in a 1\u20131 draw against Wrexham on 2 January 1984.\n\n\n2015 attack\nIn January 2015 Nichols was working for a designer clothes delivery company, and was brutally attacked. An appeal was made on BBC Crimewatch to find the attackers.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_legzdins
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Legzdins","to":"Adam Legzdins"}],"pages":{"6823243":{"pageid":6823243,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Legzdins","extract":"Adam Richard Legzdins (born 28 November 1986) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Scottish Championship club Dundee.\nLegzdins began his career with Birmingham City, from where he spent time on loan at several lower-division clubs but never played first-team football for his parent club. In 2008, he joined Crewe Alexandra, with whom he made his debut in the Football League, but played only infrequently. He spent the 2010\u201311 season as Football League Two club Burton Albion's first-choice goalkeeper, earning himself a move to Derby County of the Football League Championship. He played 35 matches over three seasons with Derby, mainly in 2012\u201313, and after a year with Leyton Orient, he rejoined Birmingham City in 2015. After two seasons and 21 appearances, he signed for Burnley, where he remained for three years but never made it to the first team. In November 2020, he signed for Dundee.\nHe qualifies to play international football for Latvia via his paternal grandparents.\n\n\nClub career\n\n\nEarly career\nLegzdins was born in Penkridge, Staffordshire. He came through Birmingham City's Academy system and played his first competitive football in October 2005 on loan at Alfreton Town in the Conference North, four games which included a man of the match performance away at Hereford United in the FA Cup. He then joined Halifax Town of the Conference National on a work experience basis, where he played 11 games before Birmingham recalled him, concerned that regular first-team football for Halifax combined with playing for Birmingham's reserve team was too much for the 19-year-old.\nLegzdins signed his first one-year professional contract in the summer of 2006. Early in the 2006\u201307 he was given a Birmingham squad number because of an injury to first choice keeper Maik Taylor, and was an unused substitute in their Championship match at Cardiff City. In October 2006 he joined Oldham Athletic on loan where he acted as backup to Les Pogliacomi, making one substitute appearance in the Football League Trophy. He then joined Macclesfield Town on loan and was expected to go straight into the starting eleven due to injury and suspension, but manager Paul Ince chose goalkeeping coach David Rouse instead, and Legzdins completed his month's loan without appearing for the club. He played an active part in helping Birmingham reserves to the championship of the Central League Division One Central in 2006\u201307.Legzdins was given a further year's contract in summer 2007, and rejoined Halifax on a three months' loan in October 2007, where he played regularly in preference to the more experienced Craig Mawson. He extended his loan at Halifax until the end of the 2007\u201308 season in January 2008, and on 9 June 2008 he signed for Crewe Alexandra as a replacement for their departing goalkeepers Ben Williams and Owain F\u00f4n Williams. He joined Weymouth on a month's loan on 26 March 2009.Legzdins made his first team debut for Crewe in the League Cup defeat to Blackpool on 11 August 2009, after loan goalkeeper David Button returned to Tottenham Hotspur, and followed this up with his debut in the Football League on 22 August, keeping a clean sheet in the 1\u20130 home win against Hereford United.\n\n\nBurton Albion\nHe rejected a new one-year contract with Crewe in May 2010 and subsequently signed for League Two team Burton Albion on a two-year contract on 1 July. He kept a clean sheet on his full debut on 7 August 2010 in a 0\u20130 draw against Oxford United. After playing in every League game of the 2010\u201311 season, he was voted Burton Albion Supporters' Player of the Year and Players' Player of the Year.\n\n\nDerby County\nAfter lengthy speculation, on 29 June 2011, it was confirmed that Burton and Championship outfit Derby County had agreed a transfer fee that would allow Legzdins to join the Pride Park club. The transfer was completed on 1 July; Legzdins signed a three-year contract. Derby manager Nigel Clough said that he would be backup to first choice keeper Frank Fielding. Legzdins made his debut for Derby away at Nottingham Forest after Fielding was sent off after only a minute, and contributed to a 2\u20131 win against their local rivals. On 20 March 2012, Legzdins rejoined former club Burton Albion on a month's emergency loan. He was restricted to just one appearance by a hip injury suffered in a 1\u20130 defeat against Northampton Town and returned to Derby on 17 April. He eventually made his third appearance for Derby four days later as a half-time substitute for Fielding away at Portsmouth; Derby won 2\u20131. He started the final game of the season, a 1\u20131 draw against Peterborough United.Legzdins again started the season as second-choice goalkeeper. After Fielding picked a groin injury in October, Legzdins returned to the starting line-up and kept his place after Fielding regained fitness in November. He impressed Clough with his performances, especially in the 2\u20130 win at Bristol City which ended a run of seven consecutive games without a clean sheet and a run of four away defeats. Saves against Steve Davies and Liam Fontaine were picked out by Clough, with one from Fontaine described as one \"down to pure size and presence, as well as quick feet to get across his line and block it. It was a very important save.\" Legzdins' run of 30 consecutive first-team starts ended in March 2013 when Clough felt the need for Fielding's greater experience ahead of Derby's 2\u20131 win against Leicester City. Five weeks later, Legzdins returned to first-team action after Fielding was sent off for a professional foul against Peterborough United, and he started the final two games of the season, ending the season with 33 first-team appearances. After Derby signed Burnley's Lee Grant in May, Legzdins was made available for transfer with a year left on his contract.Legzdins was originally not given a squad number for the 2013\u201314 season, However, after featuring in first-team pre-season friendlies he was assigned the squad number 26 in late July and went into the season as second choice to Grant.\n\n\nLeyton Orient\nLegzdins signed for League One club Leyton Orient on 13 June 2014. He signed a two-year contract with the East London club after being released by Derby. He left the club by mutual consent on 1 June 2015 after his appearances during the 2014\u201315 season were restricted by injury.\n\n\nBirmingham City\n\nLegzdins re-joined Birmingham City on 27 June 2015; he signed a two-year deal with the option of a further year. On the bench for the opening league match of the season \u2013 Tomasz Kuszczak started \u2013 Legzdins made his Birmingham debut three days later in a 2\u20131 League Cup win away to Bristol Rovers. He played in two more cup matches before finally making his League debut for Birmingham on 9 April 2016; he kept a clean sheet in a 2\u20130 win away to Reading, and finished the season with nine appearances, of which five were inn the league.He made his first league appearance of the 2016\u201317 season when Kuszczak succumbed to a pre-existing injury during the warm-up before Birmingham's match away to Reading on 13 September; he kept a clean sheet in a goalless draw. He kept his place for the next seven matches, even after Kuszczak's return to fitness, but manager Gary Rowett brought Kuszczak back into the side for the local derby against Aston Villa. He made four more appearances in the second half of the season: two in the FA Cup, and two in the league, on both occasions as a half-time substitute for the injured Kuszczak. When Birmingham took up their option to extend his contract for a further year, Legzdins said he was \"absolutely delighted\" to accept, in preference to offers from elsewhere, \"because everybody who knows me knows how much the club means to me.\"\n\n\nBurnley\nThe arrival of David Stockdale left Legzdins third in Birmingham's pecking order for 2017\u201318, and Premier League club Burnley were in need of a goalkeeper after Paul Robinson's retirement left them without sufficient backup for Tom Heaton. On 8 August 2017, Legzdins signed a three-year contract with Burnley; the fee was undisclosed. In the summer of 2020 Burnley released Legzdins from his contract. \n\n\nDundee\nOn 13 November 2020, after a trial period, Legzdins signed a deal until the end of the season with Scottish Championship side Dundee. He made his debut and first start for the club the following week against Ayr United. He would not start again until March 2021, where he would save a penalty and keep a clean sheet in a home win against Arbroath. Legzdins would help stabilise the side's issues conceding goals, and was a major factor in helping the club win the Premiership play-offs and gain promotion to the Scottish Premiership.In June 2021, Legzdins signed a new two-year deal with Dundee, keeping him at the club until 2023. He would be sidelined from February 2022 with a persistent knee problem that would end his season. Legzdins would finally return to Dundee's matchday squad the following season in August as an unused substitute in a Scottish Championship away win against Raith Rovers. After backing up Harrison Sharp from the start of the season, Legzdins made his return to first-team play in September in a Scottish Challenge Cup game away to Welsh champions The New Saints, in which Legzdins would keep a clean sheet.\n\n\nCareer statistics\nAs of match played 19 October 2022\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nAdam Legzdins at Soccerbase"}}}}
part_xaa/aa_torque
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"AA_Torque","to":"AA Torque"}],"pages":{"10214657":{"pageid":10214657,"ns":0,"title":"AA Torque","extract":"The AA Torque Show was a New Zealand television series about motor vehicles, mainly cars. The half-hour programme was first screened on TV One in 2005 and the second series was shown on Prime Television in April 2007. No other seasons were produced. The show was presented by Roger Walker, Danny Mulheron and Aaron Slight. It was described by binglewootch.com as provocative, humorous and light-hearted in tone.\nAA Torque magazine is a publication produced by Fairfax Media which shares some contributors, editors and features with the TV show including contributions by the presenters themselves.\n\n\nExternal links\nAA Torque Show home page\nTV One page\nAA Torque magazine\nhttps://www.bingewootch.com/tv/aa-torque/36800"}}}}
part_xaa/aac
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"219935":{"pageid":219935,"ns":0,"title":"AAC","extract":"AAC may refer to:\n\n\nAviation\nAdvanced Aircraft, a company from Carlsbad, California\nAlaskan Air Command, a radar network\nAmerican Aeronautical Corporation, a company from Port Washington, New York\nAmerican Aviation, a company from Cleveland, Ohio\nAmphibian Airplanes of Canada, a company from Squamish, British Columbia\nEl Arish International Airport's IATA code\nCivil Aviation Authority (El Salvador) (Autoridad de Aviaci\u00f3n Civil)\nCivil Aviation Authority (Panama) (Autoridad Aeron\u00e1utica Civil)\n\n\nEducation\nAnthony Abell College, a secondary school in Brunei\nArt Academy of Cincinnati, a private college\nAssociation of American Colleges known today as the American Association of Colleges and Universities\nCoimbra Academic Association, a Portuguese students' union\n\n\nMilitary\nAnti-Aircraft Warfare\nAdvanced Armament Corporation, manufacturer of sound suppressors\nAirborne aircraft carrier, a type of aircraft\nUnited States Army Acquisition Corps\nUnited States Army Air Corps, a former component of the United States Army\nArmy Air Corps (United Kingdom), a component of the British Army\nArmy Apprentices College, a former UK college\nAustralian Air Corps, immediate predecessor of the Royal Australian Air force\nAustralian Army Cadets, a youth organisation\n\n\nOrganizations\nAdult Association of Canada, a coalition of strip club owners and their agents\nAffirming Anglican Catholicism, a religious movement\nAlameda Arts Council\nAmerican Anglican Council, a religious organization\nAustralian Agricultural Company, a company\nAustralian Aluminium Council, an industry association\n\n\nSports\nAmerican Airlines Center, a multipurpose arena in Dallas, Texas\nAmerican Alpine Club, a climbing organization\nAmerican Athletic Conference, an NCAA college conference made up of primarily Big East Conference teams before 2013\nAppalachian Athletic Conference, an NAIA college athletics conference\nWestern North Carolina Athletic Conference, a high school organization known as the Appalachian Athletic Conference until 2009\nAsia-Pacific Amateur Championship, formerly Asian Amateur Championship, an APGC golf tournament\nAssocia\u00e7\u00e3o Acad\u00e9mica de Coimbra \u2013 O.A.F., a Portuguese football organization\nAssocia\u00e7\u00e3o Acad\u00e9mica de Coimbra \u2013 basketball, a Portuguese basketball club\nAssocia\u00e7\u00e3o Acad\u00e9mica de Coimbra \u2013 volleyball, a Portuguese volleyball club\nAssocia\u00e7\u00e3o Acad\u00e9mica de Coimbra, the students' union of the University of Coimbra, which sponsors other sports, including rugby\nAssociation of Alabama Camps, a youth camp organization\nAtlanta Athletic Club, a private athletic club in Duluth, Georgia\nAudax Alpine Classic, a bicycle event in Victoria, Australia\n\n\nTechnology\nAdvanced Audio Coding, an audio compression format, with the .aac file extension\nAir arc cutting, a gouging process for metals\nAuto Avio Costruzioni 815, a car by Ferrari\nAutoclaved aerated concrete, a building material\nPhotochrom, also known as the A\u00e4c process\n\n\nOther uses\nAnesthesiologist assistant (sometimes abbreviated AA-C), an assistant to an anesthesiologist\nAnne Arundel County, Maryland\nAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, an academic journal\nAri language (New Guinea), coded aac in ISO 639-3\nAugmentative and alternative communication, a class of communications methods for people with speech impairments\nPseudomembranous colitis, also known as antibiotic associated colitis, a medical complication\nAAC, a codon for the amino acid asparagine"}}}}
part_xaa/adegboyega_dosunmu_amororo_ii
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adegboyega_Dosunmu_Amororo_II","to":"Adegboyega Dosunmu Amororo II"}],"pages":{"44890441":{"pageid":44890441,"ns":0,"title":"Adegboyega Dosunmu Amororo II","extract":"Adegboyega Dosunmu Amororo II (CON was the traditional ruler of Owu kingdom, Ogun State, Nigeria with the appellations of Olowu of Owu Kingdom. He succeeded Oba Olawale Adisa Odeleye, Lagbedu 1 who died in June 2003 at the age of 65 years.\n\n\nEarly life\nOba Adegboyega Dosunmu was born to Prince Benjamin Okelana Dosunmu (a member of the ruling family under the lineage of late Adesunmbo Dosunmu, Amororo I, who reigned between 1918 and 1924).\nBenjamin Okelana Dosunmu was the third son of the late Oba Adesunmbo Dosunmu, Amororo l.\nHe attended the Owu Baptist Day School, Abeokuta for his Primary Education in 1941 and eventually joined the Baptist Boys High School, Abeokuta, where he obtained the West African Senior School Certificate in 1950. After he graduated from King's College, Lagos in 1956, he was admitted into Hendon College of Technology in London to study Drama and Television Production in 1963.\nHe proceeded to Landmark Baptist College Tennessee, USA in 1987 where he obtained a bachelor's degree in Theology.\n\n\nCareer\nDosunmu joined the Nigerian Civil Service as a Clerk Grade II in 1956 at the Nigerian Railway Corporation, Ebute Metta, Lagos state. After serving in that capacity for two years, he joined a broadcasting organization where he rose to the position of Head of Drama Department.\nDosunmu later worked as a Broadcaster at the Nigerian Broadcasting Corporation where he rose to the position of Head of Drama Department.\nHe is the producer of a Popular Nigerian TV soap, The Village Headmaster that holds the record of being the longest running popular TV series for over 20 years.\nHe left the Nigerian Broadcasting Corporation in 1975 to establish a private film production outfit, Starline Films Limited under a production he wrote and directed the popular Nigerian movie, titled Dinner with the Devil, the first Enebeli Elebuwa's featured movie that brought him into limelight in 1974.\nHe later joined politics and was elected as Chairman of Abeokuta Local Government in 1976.\nIn July 2005 he was appointed the Olowu of Owu Kingdom.\n\n\nAwards and honours\nHe had received numerous awards and honour in recognition of his immense contributions to the development of the Owu kingdom and the nation. Among others are: \n\nCommander of the Order of Niger, CON awarded by late Umaru Musa Yar'Adua, the former president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.\nOmolafe of Owu, a chieftaincy title awarded in 1968 by Oba Salami Gbadela Ajibola, Gbadela Ayoloye II.\nOmoluberin of Owu a chieftaincy title awarded by Oba Adebowale Oyegbade, Akinjobi I in 1975\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/achampatti
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"23123542":{"pageid":23123542,"ns":0,"title":"Achampatti","extract":"Achampatti is a village in the Budhalur taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India.\n\n\nDemographics\nAs per the 2001 census, Achampatti had a total population of 1545 with 777 males and 768 females. The sex ratio was 988. The literacy rate was 49.85.\n\n\nReferences\n\"Primary Census Abstract - Census 2001\". Directorate of Census Operations-Tamil Nadu. Archived from the original on 29 August 2009."}}}}
part_xaa/abdullah_mujahid
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abdullah_Mujahid","to":"Abdullah Mujahid"}],"pages":{"4836789":{"pageid":4836789,"ns":0,"title":"Abdullah Mujahid","extract":"Abdullah Mujahid is a citizen of Afghanistan who is still held in extrajudicial detention after being transferred from United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba \u2014 to an Afghan prison.His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 1100.\nAccording to the Associated Press, the allegations against Mujahid, in his Combatant Status Review Tribunal, state Mujahid was head of security for the city of Gardez and for Paktia province.\n\nHe was accused of ties to al-Qaeda and of attacking U.S. forces, and was arrested in July 2003.\nMujahid claimed he was loyal to the coalition.\n\n\nBackground\nAbdullah Mujahid is militia leader from Afghanistan's Tajik ethnic group, who rose up against the Taliban in the closing days of its administration of Afghanistan.\nThe Afghanistan Transitional Authority rewarded Mujahid, and other militia leaders who had risen up against the Taliban, with the control of security forces. Both Mujahid and Pacha Khan Zadran, a Pashtun from the Zadran tribe, were rewarded with security appointments in Paktia province.\nMujahid and Zadran struggled to consolidate greater shares of control over Paktia's security forces.\nMujahid and Zadran's forces were reported to have engaged in gun battles during their disputes. Both men's forces were accused of abusing their authority and routinely robbing civilians at their roadblocks.\nBy 2003, both men were regarded as renegades and enemies by US forces.\nA high-level delegation from Kabul visited Mujahid, and offered him a nominally more senior position in Kabul as a \"Highway Commander\".\nMujahid accepted this offer, and yielded up his position as Chief of Police of Gardez, and traveled to Kabul. However, the promised promotion never materialized. When Mujahid returned hom to Gardez, he was sent to Guantanamo.\nZadran's nephew, and Lieutenant, Jan Baz, was also apprehended and sent to Bagram Theater detention facility. But Zadran remained at large, and now represents Paktia in the Afghan Parliament.Mujahid faced a number of allegations during his Combatant Status Review Tribunal and Administrative Review Board hearings: notably that he was fired for corruption and collusion with the opposition, that he was a senior commander of Lashkar-e-Taiba, a Pakistani militant group based in Kashmir. He was also accused of currently being a member of Harakat-e-Mulavi, a group which American intelligence analysts believe is now allied with the rebels.\nMujahid's lawyers assert that the Lashkar-e-Taiba connection is a case of mistaken identity. A senior commander of the Lashkar-e-Taiba, also named Abdullah Mujahid, was killed in 2006. Mujahid's lawyers acknowledge that he fought with Harakat-e-Mulavi, against some of Afghanistan's foreign occupiers\u2014during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan, during the 1980s.\nAll of the allegations against Mujahid have been dropped in early 2007, and he was cleared for release. However, as of August 2007, he still remains in Guantanamo.\n\n\nCombatant Status Review\nThe Bush administration asserted that: \n\nthe protections of the Geneva Conventions did not extend to captured prisoners who are not members of the regular Afghan armed force nor meet the criteria for prisoner of war for voluntary forces. \nCritics argued the Conventions obliged the U.S. to conduct competent tribunals to determine the status of prisoners. Subsequently, the U.S. Department of Defense instituted Combatant Status Review Tribunals (CSRTs), to determine whether detainees met the new definition of an \"enemy combatant\". \n\"Enemy combatant\" was defined by the U.S. Department of Defense as: \n\nan individual who was part of, or supporting, the Taliban, or al-Qaeda forces, or associated forces that are engaged in hostilities against the United States or its coalition partners. This includes any person who commits a belligerent act or has directly supported hostilities in aid of enemy armed forces.\nThe CSRTs are not bound by the rules of evidence that would normally apply in civilian court, and the government\u2019s evidence is presumed to be \u201cgenuine and accurate.\u201d\nFrom July 2004 through March 2005, CSRTs were convened to determine whether each prisoner had been correctly classified as an \"enemy combatant\". \nAbdullah Mujahid was among the 60% of prisoners who chose to participate in tribunal hearings. A Summary of Evidence memo was prepared for the tribunal of each detainee, listing the allegations that supported their detention as an \"enemy combatant\". \nAbdullah Mujahid's memo accused him of the following:\n\na. The detainee is associated with al Qaida:\n\nAfter the fall of the Taliban, the detainee served as a police force commander in Gardez, Afghanistan.\nThe detainee was fired from his appointed position due to suspicions of collusion with anti-government forces.\nThe detainee has been a member of Harakat-e-Mulavi for at least the last four years.\nHarakat-e-Mulavi is an extremist group that is known to have ties with al Qaida and the Taliban.b. The detainee participated in military operations against the United States or its coalition partners.\n\nThe detainee was responsible for an attack on US Forces in the vicinity of Gardeyz City, Afghanistan.\nThe detainee was responsible for this attack in retaliation for being fired.\nThe detainee was captured by U.S. forces in July 2003.\n\n\nWitnesses\nMujahid requested eight witnesses:\n\nSaid Mohammed Ali Shah - a Guantanamo detainee.\nHaji Mohammed Aktiar - the Tribunal's President doesn't identify Aktiar any further, but assumes he is back in Afghanistan. In fact three individuals named Akhtiar Mohammed were detained in Guantanamo, and two were still in detention at the time of the Tribunals.\nMohammed Aman - also a Guantanamo detainee.\nMohammed Musa - apparently also a Guantanamo detainee. But his name does not match that of any on the official list.\nShahzdeh Masoud - one of Hamid Karzai's advisors, who led a delegation to Gardez to convince Mujahid to step down.\nGulltay Deh - the Afghan Defense Ministry's representative on Masoud's delegation.\nHaji Saifullah - the Boston Globe reported Saifullah was dead.\nMinister of Interior - Ahmed Ali Jalali - the Interior Ministry's representative on Masoud's delegation, currently teaching at the National Defense University in Washington, D.C.The Tribunal's President decided to allow three of the other Guantanamo detainees as witnesses. However, he informed Mujahid that they would not be allowed to testify, in person, for \"Force Protection reasons\". He then informed Mujahid that American officials had not been able to secure the cooperation of the Afghan government in locating the witnesses back in Afghanistan.\nThe Boston Globe reported that they found that many witnesses that detainees had requested, who US officials claimed were not reasonably available, were easily located.\nThe article particularly the ease with which they located Mujahid's witnesses. It quoted the President of Mujahid's Tribunal:\n\nThe Afghan government was contacted on or about 26 November 2004, As of this date, the Afghanistan government has not responded to our request. . . . Without the cooperation of that government, we are unable to contact those witnesses and to obtain the testimony you requested.\nThe article then stated: But in Afghanistan earlier this month, a reporter for the Globe located three of the four witnesses in a matter of days.\n\n\nTranscript\nMujahid chose to participate in his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.\n\nOn March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a twelve-page summarized transcript from his Combatant Status Review Tribunal, and nine pages of statements from witnesses who were not allowed to testify in person at his Tribunal.\n\n\nTestimony\nMujahid denied that he was removed due to suspicions of collusion with anti-government forces. He testified that he left the position of Provincial Security Chief to assume a new position in Kabul. He claimed the witnesses of the visiting commission would testify that he left his position to take a promotion. Mujahid denied being associated with any anti-government forces. He also denied any responsibility for any attacks on US or coalition forces.\nThe three witnesses he called all confirmed that he had been an effective Police commander for the Karzai government, and confirmed that he was not fired, he was promoted.\nThey attributed their captures to false denunciations from rival factions within Karzai's coalition.\n\n\nHafizullah Shabaz Khail's accusation\nGuantanamo detainee Hafizullah Shabaz Khail said that Mujahid had arrested him, when his mentor, the Governor, of his Province was in Kabul.\nKhail was the District Chief of Zormat, and the chair of the security committee in Paktia Province. Khail said his arrest, and the false allegations against him, were due to his arrest of a prot\u00e9g\u00e9 of Mujahid, named Taj Mohammed. According to Khail, Taj Mohammed was a security officer who worked under Mujahid, who had abused his uniform and his authority to rob a businessman of 200,000 Khaldars. Khail said he forced Taj Mohammed to pay the businessman back.\n\n\nAbdullah Musahed v. George W. Bush\nA writ of habeas corpus, Abdullah Musahed v. George W. Bush, was submitted on Abdullah Musahed's behalf.\nIn response, on 10 August 2005,\nthe Department of Defense published 37\npages of unclassified documents related to his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.\nOn December 17, 2004 Tribunal panel 26 convened and confirmed his \"enemy combatant\" status.\nThe documents published from Abdullah's CSR Tribunal state that his original Tribunal President was replaced.\nThe documents contain multiple incompatible explanations as to why Mohammed Musa's testimony was not made available.\nThe documents state that the original Tribunal President had ruled his testimony \"redundant\". His Personal Representative's notes, however, stated that he couldn't find Mohammed Musa.\n\nThe CSRT's Legal Advisor recorded in his Legal Sufficiency Review: The Tribunal President determined that the testimony of the fourth detainee witness was not relevant since the testimony was of a duplicative nature. In my opinion, the Tribunal should not have deemed the witness testimony duplicative; however, the Tribunal properly determined that the detainee was an enemy combatant absent this witness testimony.\n\n\nAdministrative Review Board\nDetainees whose Combatant Status Review Tribunal labeled them \"enemy combatants\" were scheduled for annual Administrative Review Board hearings. These hearings were designed to assess the threat a detainee might pose if released or transferred, and whether there were other factors that warranted his continued detention.\n\n\nSummary of Evidence memo\nA Summary of Evidence memo was prepared for\nAbdullah Mujahid's\nAdministrative Review Board,\non 23 June 2005.\nThe memo listed factors for and against his continued detention.\n\n\nThe following primary factors favor continued detention\n\n\nThe following primary factors favor release or transfer\n\n\nTranscript\nMujahid chose to participate in his Administrative Review Board hearing.\n\n\nResponse to the factors\nMujahid confirmed he fought against the Soviets\u2014for about eight months, when he was sixteen or seventeen. After the Soviets withdrew he fought against the Communist government that had been left behind.\nMujahid confirmed that he had worked for the Rabbani government prior to the Taliban regime, and had served as a police officer after its fall. But, during the Taliban's regime he laid low, and worked as a simple farmer.\nMujahid denied participating in an anti-US attack in Gardez. He disputed that this incident took place.\nIn response to the allegation that he was a \"former Lashkar-e-Tayyiba commander\" he asked the time frame when he was supposed to have filled this role. He said he had given his interrogators a full account of his life, and there were no gaps in it when he could have been a Lashkar-e-Tayyiba. He added:I don't even know the meaning of this word; this is the first time I have heard this word here. I was never asked about it during the interrogation or the tribunal. I don't know anything bad.\nAfter the factor where Lashkar-e-Tayyiba's roots in Pakistan were outlined he pointed out:I'm from Afghanistan and not Pakistan and I would never go and join some Pakistani group or fight. I never traveled to Pakistan. I never went to their schools or Madrassa's. I wasn't raised in Pakistan. I'm Afghan.\n\n\nMujahid and the claim that captives were \"captured on the battlefield\"\nOn August 12, 2007 Farah Stockman, writing in the Boston Globe used Mjuahid'd story to comment on the Bush administration's claim that Guantanamo captives had been apprehended \"on the battlefield\".\nStockman described Mujahid as an early supporter during the overthrow of the Taliban, whose usefulness waned after their ouster, because he was illiterate, and was rumored to be corrupt.\nStockman wrote: \n\nA Globe investigation found that the military has used Guantanamo Bay not just for terrorists \"picked up on the battlefield\" -- as Bush has repeatedly asserted -- but also for uncooperative or unruly tribal chieftains, many of whom had been key supporters of the US-led invasion.\n\n\nTransfer to an Afghan prison\nOn November 25, 2008, the Department of Defense published a list of when Guantanamo captives were repatriated.\nAccording to that list he was repatriated on December 12, 2007.\nThe Center for Constitutional Rights reports that all of the Afghans repatriated to Afghanistan from April 2007 were sent to Afghan custody in the American built and supervised wing of the Pul-e-Charkhi prison near Kabul.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nThe story of Abdullah Mujahid, an Afghan police chief betrayed by the US administration and wrongly sent to Guant\u00e1namo Andy Worthington"}}}}
part_xaa/adbc
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"24440360":{"pageid":24440360,"ns":0,"title":"ADbc","extract":"ADbc is an Australian television comedy history quiz show hosted by Sam Pang. It was first broadcast on SBS One in 2009.\n\n\nSummary\nThere are two teams of two contestants, the AD team and the bc team. Each team consists of an academic and a celebrity working together in an attempt to win the game. ADbc is full of facts and games that inspire some intelligent discussion and some blatantly silly behaviour.\n\n\nCast\nSam Pang is a presenter, writer, broadcaster and producer.\nRegular panellists include: \n\nMeshel Laurie\nTony Martin\nDr Andrea Rizzi of Melbourne University\nProfessor Graeme Davison from Monash University\nWriter Alice Pung.Other guests include Matt Preston, Kate Langbroek, Judith Lucy, Graeme Blundell, Celia Pacquola, Andrew Rule, Angus Sampson, George McEncroe, Santo Cilauro and Merrick Watts.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/acrobasis_sylviella
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acrobasis_sylviella","to":"Acrobasis sylviella"}],"pages":{"34017917":{"pageid":34017917,"ns":0,"title":"Acrobasis sylviella","extract":"Acrobasis sylviella, the ironwood tubemaker moth, is a species of snout moth in the genus Acrobasis. It was described by Charles Russell Ely in 1908 and is known from eastern Canada and the United States.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abijah_beckwith
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abijah_Beckwith","to":"Abijah Beckwith"}],"pages":{"34382997":{"pageid":34382997,"ns":0,"title":"Abijah Beckwith","extract":"Abijah Beckwith (December 2, 1784 in Chatham, Columbia County, New York \u2013 August 8, 1874 in Cedarville, Herkimer County, New York) was an American politician from New York.\n\n\nLife\nHe was the son of Dan Beckwith and Ann (Hough) Beckwith. In 1805, he married Lurena Chadwick (1785\u20131857), and they had 9 children. About 1806, the family removed to a place in Herkimer County which in 1812 became part of the Town of Columbia.\nBeckwith was a member of the New York State Assembly (Herkimer Co.) in 1816\u201317 and 1823. He was Clerk of Herkimer County from 1826 to 1831.\nHe was a Democratic member of the New York State Senate (5th D.) from 1835 to 1838, sitting in the 58th, 59th, 60th and 61st New York State Legislatures.\nHe was again a member of the State Assembly (Herkimer Co.) in 1847. In 1848, he became a Free Soiler and later a Republican.\nIn the 1860 presidential election, he was a presidential elector for Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamiln.He was buried at the Cemetery in Cedarville.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nSources\nThe New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 130ff, 138, 192, 199, 233, 258 and 389; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)\nPortrait in Jacksonian Antislavery and the Politics of Free Soil, 1824 to 1854 by Jonathan H. Earle (University of North Carolina Press, 2004; pg. 11)\nCedarville Cemetery Records at New Horizons Genealogy\nBeckwith genealogy at Geo Cities"}}}}
part_xaa/aaron_hamburger
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Aaron_Hamburger","to":"Aaron Hamburger"}],"pages":{"6056935":{"pageid":6056935,"ns":0,"title":"Aaron Hamburger","extract":"Aaron Hamburger (born 1973) is an American writer best known for his short story collection The View from Stalin's Head (2004) and novels Faith for Beginners (2005) and Nirvana Is Here (2019).\nBorn in Detroit, Michigan, Hamburger went to college at the University of Michigan (BA 1995) and then spent a year abroad teaching English in Prague, Czech Republic, the setting for his first book of stories, primarily about the lives of expatriates after the end of the Cold War. The View from Stalin's Head was awarded the Rome Prize by the American Academy of Arts and Letters and the American Academy in Rome. His next book, Faith for Beginners, is a novel about a dysfunctional family vacation in Jerusalem, and was nominated for a Lambda Literary Award. His novel Nirvana Is Here was published in 2019 and won a Bronze Medal in the 2019 Forewords Indie Awards.Hamburger's writing has appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Chicago Tribune, Tin House, O, the Oprah Magazine, Subtropics, Crazyhorse, Boulevard, Tablet, The Village Voice, Out, Poets and Writers, Details, Nerve, and Time Out New York. He has won fellowships from the Civitella Ranieri Foundation, the DC Commission on the Arts and Humanities, and the Edward F. Albee Foundation and first place in the David J. Dornstein Contest for Young Jewish Writers. He has taught writing at Columbia University, the George Washington University, the Stonecoast MFA Program, and American Language Institute (New York University).\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAaron Hamburger.com\nThe Washington Post Fall 2005 anticipated books"}}}}
part_xaa/acrobasis_consociella
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acrobasis_consociella","to":"Acrobasis consociella"}],"pages":{"18660835":{"pageid":18660835,"ns":0,"title":"Acrobasis consociella","extract":"Acrobasis consociella is a moth of the family Pyralidae. It is found in Europe.\n\nThe wingspan is 19\u201322 mm. The moth flies in one generation from the end of May to August.\nThe larva feed on oak.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nMicrolepidoptera.nl (in Dutch)\nwaarneming.nl (in Dutch).\nLepidoptera of Belgium\nAcrobasis consociella on UKmoths"}}}}
part_xaa/abingdon_boys_school_discography
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abingdon_Boys_School_discography","to":"Abingdon Boys School discography"}],"pages":{"28250011":{"pageid":28250011,"ns":0,"title":"Abingdon Boys School discography","extract":"The discography of Japanese rock band Abingdon Boys School includes two studio albums, eight singles, three video albums, one compilation album, eight soundtrack appearances, and seven other appearances in releases not under that name. Abingdon Boys School (stylized as \"abingdon boys school\" or abbreviated \"a.b.s\"), was formed in 2005 by Takanori Nishikawa, or T.M.Revolution, who originally named the band ABS after Ebisu, Tokyo, Japan, and later changed the band's name to Abingdon Boys School, a school formerly attended by members of Radiohead. The band plays alternative rock and is currently signed to Epic Records Japan.Abingdon Boys School has contributed to the soundtracks of numerous anime and video game series and several tribute albums. Their music has been used as opening or closing tracks for anime series, including Darker than Black, Soul Eater, and Tokyo Magnitude 8.0, and games, including Sengoku Basara. In addition, they have also contributed to tribute albums to the manga Nana and the rock bands Luna Sea and Buck-Tick. They also perform in a live DVD by Buck-Tick.\nBoth of the band's studio albums reached number two on the Oricon charts. Abingdon Boys School's singles have all charted on the Oricon charts as well; the singles \"Blade Chord\" and \"From Dusk Till Dawn\" have peaked at number two and number three respectively. Additionally, the band's three videos have all charted, with Abingdon Boys School Japan Tour 2008 and Abingdon Road Movies both peaking at number ten. Two of the band's releases, the album Abingdon Boys School and the single \"Innocent Sorrow\", have been certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of Japan.\n\n\nAlbums\n\n\nStudio albums\n\n\nCompilation albums\n\n\nVideo albums\n\n\nSingles\n\n\nSoundtracks\n\n\nOther appearances\n\n\nFootnotes\n\n\nNotes\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAbingdon Boys School's homepage"}}}}
part_xaa/aashrayam
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"44162810":{"pageid":44162810,"ns":0,"title":"Aashrayam","extract":"Aashrayam is a 1983 Indian Malayalam film, directed by K. Ramachandran. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sukumari, Nedumudi Venu and Sankaradi in the lead roles. The film has musical score by M. B. Sreenivasan.\n\n\nCast\nPrem Nazir\nSukumari\nNedumudi Venu\nSankaradi\nKalaranjini\nBaby Anju\nKasim\nSeema\nRamachandran\n\n\nSoundtrack\nThe music was composed by M. B. Sreenivasan and the lyrics were written by Poovachal Khader.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAashrayam at IMDb"}}}}
part_xaa/abdel_rahman_el-abnudi
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abdel_Rahman_el-Abnudi","to":"Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi"}],"pages":{"1200086":{"pageid":1200086,"ns":0,"title":"Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi","extract":"Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi (Arabic: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f\u064a, romanized: \u02bbAbd il-Ra\u1e25m\u0101n Abn\u016bd\u012b, 11 April 1938 \u2013 21 April 2015) was a popular Egyptian poet, and later a children's books writer. He was one of a generation of poets who favored to write their work in the Egyptian dialect (in Abnudi's case, Upper Egyptian dialect) rather than Standard Arabic, the formal language of the state. This literary stance was associated with a militant political engagement: Abnudi and other Egyptian writers of this school sought to make their literary production part of the process of political development and movement towards popular democracy in Egypt.\n\n\nLife\nHe was born in the village Abnud in Upper Egypt. He wrote his first poetry when he was a high school student. In 1958, he traveled to Cairo. First of his works were published in the weekly magazine Sabah al-Khayr. In 1961, he moved to Cairo where he worked as a songwriter.\nHe married the former President of the Egyptian Television Network and television presenter and interviewer Nehal Kamal, and they had two children: Aya and Nour.\n\n\nWorks\nMany of his works have been set to music by composers including Ezz Eddin Hosni and performed by popular singers such as Abd El Halim, Nagat el Saghera, Shadia, Sabah, Majida El Roumi, Mohamed Mounir and others. \nA Taste of Fear (Arabic: \u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641, romanized: Shey Min El Khouf) \u2013 participated in the film script, the film was named in the Top 100 Egyptian films of the 20th century at the 35th Cairo International Film Festival critics review marking the centenary of the Egyptian cinema.\nEl-Mot ala el-Asfalt (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a, Al-Mawt \u02bbal\u00e1 al-Asfalt, 'Death on the Asphalt') \u2013 named in the top 100 African books of the 20th century at the 2001 Zimbabwe International Book Fair.\nJawabat Haraji il-Gutt (Sa'idi Arabic: \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637, romanized: Jaw\u0101b\u0101t \u1e24ar\u0101j\u012b il-Gu\u1e6d\u1e6d, lit.\u2009'Letters of Haraji the Cat'; 2001) \u2013 written in the form of an epistolary novel the work comprises letters exchanged between the cat Haraji, a worker on the Aswan Dam and his wife at home.\n\n\nMost famous poetry\nThe allowed and prohibited\nDeath on the asphalt\nCharged with forest cat\nEarth and the children\nThe silence of the bell\n\n\nSongs for many singers\nAbdel Halim Hafez: Your son is proud of you (Egyptian Arabic: \"Ebnak Yoalak Ya Batal\"), Every Time I Say I Repent (Et Touba), Love is Mine (El Hawa Hawaya), The Embracement of Lovers (Ahdan EL Habayeb), The Day Has Passed (Adda El Nahar), The Christ (El Maseeh) and many other songs.\nMohamed Rushdie: Under The Trees (Taht El Shagar).\nNajat Al Saghira: The Eyes of The Heart (Eyon EL Alb).\nShadia: Ya Asmarany el loon .\nSabah (singer) : Sometimes (Saat Saat).\nWarda Al-Jazairia: Lovers of course (Tabaan Ahbab).\nMajida El Roumi: From Beirut (Mn Bairout), I love you Egypt (Bahoaki Ya Masr).\nMohamed Mounir: Chocolate (Shokolata), All Things Reminds me (Kol EL Hagat), I am not Innocent (Msh Baryi2), Outside Windows (Barrah EL Shababeek), A Summer Moon (Amar Seify), Younis, My Heart doesn't seem like me (Alby Mayshbehnish), Oh Bird (Ya Hamam)\nCairokee: Ehna el shaab (We are the People)\n\n\nSee also\n\nAhmed Fouad Negm\nSalah Jaheen\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAbdel Rahman el-Abnudi at IMDb"}}}}
part_xaa/aboubakar_mahadi
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Aboubakar_Mahadi","to":"Aboubakar Mahadi"}],"pages":{"21161230":{"pageid":21161230,"ns":0,"title":"Aboubakar Mahadi","extract":"Abubakar Mahadi (born 29 November 1993 in Accra) is a Ghanaian football striker.\n\n\nCareer\nMahadi began his career by Feyenoord Academy, joined than to Acad\u00e9mie de Sol Beni. Promoted to the first team in 2008 and will hope to see game time in his first MTN CAF Champions League campaign, in September 2008 moved back to Feyenoord Academy. He joined in summer 2010 to Medeama SC F.C., which loaned him on 24. September 2010 to Kaduna United F.C. of Nigeria. Despite all the attempts made by Kaduna FC for the outright signature of the young Ghanaian striker has proven unsuccessful. In summer 2011 Aboubakar Mahadi signed for Wassaman United and scored his first goal for his new club on 30 July 2011 against Tarkwa United.He moved to Saudi club Afeef in 2018.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/ada_svetlova
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Ada_Svetlova","to":"Ada Svetlova"}],"pages":{"30230584":{"pageid":30230584,"ns":0,"title":"Ada Svetlova","extract":"Ada Svetlova \u2013 Latvian singer, mezzo-soprano, and performer of classical and ethnic repertoire.\n\n\nBiography\nBorn in 1939 in Kharkiv, Ukraine (former USSR). She graduated from the Conservatory of Chi\u015fin\u0103u, Moldova (former Moldavian SSR, USSR). She served as a soloist of the Latvian State Philharmonic in Riga (former Latvian SSR, USSR). Svetlova was known as a chamber singer of classical repertoire. In the 70-80s years of last century she got the fame of a fine interpreter of Yiddish folksongs arranged in a contemporary classical idiom by Max Goldin. Later on, A.Svetlova was joined by the Riga instrumental ensemble \"Via tertia\" under the direction of Samuel Heifetz, who created a crossroad mode arrangements for her songs, attainable by a wider audience. She works as a vocal coach residing in Tel-Aviv, Israel.\n\n\nRecordings\nJewish Folksongs, arranged by Max Goldin, Ada Svetlova (vocals), Natalia Schroeder (piano). LP. Allunion Recording Label Melodiya, USSR, 1981,C30-13293-4\n\n\nSources\nTobias Shklover. \"The chant of her soul\" (in Yiddish), Sovetysh Heymland magazine, issue 11, 1988, Moscow, USSR\nT.Shklover. \"Date with Jewish music\" (in Yiddish). Folks-Sztyme weekly, No.23 (4885) of 6 March 1988, Warsaw, Poland"}}}}
part_xaa/abdul-basit_adam
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abdul-Basit_Adam","to":"Abdul-Basit Adam"}],"pages":{"40889567":{"pageid":40889567,"ns":0,"title":"Abdul-Basit Adam","extract":"Abdul-Basit Adam (born 13 February 1995, Kumasi, Ghana) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a forward.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAbdul-Basit Adam at FootballDatabase.eu\nAbdul-Basit Adam at Soccerway"}}}}
part_xaa/abol-bashar_mirza_farman_farmaian
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abol-Bashar_Mirza_Farman_Farmaian","to":"Abol-Bashar Mirza Farman Farmaian"}],"pages":{"-1":{"ns":0,"title":"Abol-Bashar Mirza Farman Farmaian","missing":""}}}}
part_xaa/academic_ranks_in_denmark
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Academic_ranks_in_Denmark","to":"Academic ranks in Denmark"}],"pages":{"44284109":{"pageid":44284109,"ns":0,"title":"Academic ranks in Denmark","extract":"Academic ranks in Denmark are the positions and titles of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia at Danish institutions, and the relations between them.\nThe titles (MA, ph.d., dr.) are different from any position that a person may have, but some positions will require certain qualifications corresponding to a title. The positions are a result of agreement between the Ministry of Higher Education and Science and the relevant union organizations.\n\n\nOverview\nAcademic positions at the level of Professor:\nProfessor (professor)\nForskningsprofessor (research professor)\nProfessor MSO (professor with special responsibilities; temporary rank)\nForskningsprofessor MSO (research professor with special responsibilities; temporary rank)Academic positions at the level of Associate Professor:\nLektor (Associate Professor), time traditionally divided as 50-40-10 between teaching, research, and administration\nSeniorforsker (Senior Researcher)Academic positions at the level of Assistant Professor:\nPost doc (Post-doc), generally a research position without the possibility of teaching\nAdjunkt (Assistant Professor), usually almost the same teaching/research/administration division as lektor, although sometimes a little more time for research\nForsker (Researcher)Academic positions below the level of Assistant Professor:\nPh.d.-studerende (PhD Student or PhD Fellow)\nVidenskabelig assistent (Research Assistant)\nUndervisningsassistent (Assistant Lecturer)\nEkstern lektor (Part-time Lecturer), requires a master's degree in the subject taught, but not a research degree (PhD or equivalent)Special positions:\nSeniorr\u00e5dgiver (Senior Adviser), the main tasks being research-based consulting to authorities and the dissemination of research results to authorities, business and society in general.\nStudielektor (Teaching Associate Professor), full time teachers without research requirement.\nClinical Professor (for a leading attending/consultant) and Associate Clinical Professor (for an attending/consultant) are also in use. The latter two will typically require a certain amount of time with patients. Used by both doctors, dentists and chiropractors at Danish universities.Administrative positions:\n\nRektor (rector)\nProrektor, second-ranked official of governance, deputy rector.\nDekan (dean), head of a faculty (humanities, natural sciences, etc.)\nInstitutleder (head of department), head of department (computer science, mathematics, etc.)\nStudieleder (programme director), head of a study programme (business administration, civil engineering, etc.)\n\n\nProfessorship\nIn Denmark the word professor is only used for full professors. An associate professor is in Danish called a lektor and an assistant professor is called an adjunkt. \nAs an alternative to full professorship, it used to be possible to get a time limited (usually 5 years) position as professor MSO (professor med s\u00e6rlige opgaver), English: \"professor with special responsibilities.\" The post of professor with special responsibilities involves fixed-term specific functions as well as duties that are otherwise associated with professorships. The qualification requirements correspond to those of ordinary professorships. This position gives time for the school to raise funds for the permanent professorship, and it was made as the rules do not as such allow promotions from associate to full professor. The professor MSO position was abolished in 2019 as part of an attempt to limit temporary positions.Assistant professorships are temporary, but often the instution will open an associate professorship toward the end of the temporary position or the assistant professorship will be part of a tenure-track path to permanent employment. The use of the term tenure in Denmark has been criticized in the grounds that permanent positions are less secure compared to tenure in other countries, since the flexibility of the Danish job markets still makes it easy to fire people in tenured positions.An additional step between lektor and full professor is docent. A docent has the same responsibilities as a professor but they do not actively take part in senior administrative duties, such as heading a department. The Danish PhD does not come with the title dr. or doktor, only ph.d.; only the (higher) doctorate, after a similar extended thesis to the German docent, brings the right to be addressed as doktor.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/acrolophus_pachynta
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acrolophus_pachynta","to":"Acrolophus pachynta"}],"pages":{"37240135":{"pageid":37240135,"ns":0,"title":"Acrolophus pachynta","extract":"Acrolophus pachynta is a moth of the family Acrolophidae. It is found in South America.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_kaczmarek
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Kaczmarek","to":"Adam Kaczmarek"}],"pages":{"36318781":{"pageid":36318781,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Kaczmarek","extract":"Adam Stanis\u0142aw Kaczmarek (born 17 October 1961 in Bydgoszcz) is a Polish former sport shooter who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics and in the 1992 Summer Olympics.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/adelaide_street_court_house
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adelaide_Street_Court_House","to":"Adelaide Street Court House"}],"pages":{"3076740":{"pageid":3076740,"ns":0,"title":"Adelaide Street Court House","extract":"The Adelaide Street Court House, or York County Court House, is a historic former courthouse located at 57 Adelaide Street East in the St. Lawrence neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It served as a court house from 1852 until 1900. It currently houses Terroni restaurant.\n\n\nHistory\nIt was designed by the firm of Cumberland and Ridout and built in 1851-1852. It served as York County Court House from 1852 until 1900, when the courts moved to Toronto City Hall.\nThe building was later home to The Arts and Letters Club of Toronto. In recent years, it housed the Courthouse Market and Grill restaurant, which closed in 2007. The upper-level event space was relaunched in March 2007 as a jazz nightclub called Live@Courthouse. The main courthouse space reopened in December 2007 as a location of Terroni, a small local chain of Southern Italian-style trattorias. Terroni took over the upper levels in November 2016 and is now a four-floor restaurant.\n\n\nSee also\nList of oldest buildings and structures in Toronto\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abisara_neavei
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abisara_neavei","to":"Abisara neavei"}],"pages":{"37303533":{"pageid":37303533,"ns":0,"title":"Abisara neavei","extract":"Abisara neavei, the Neave's Judy or Neave's banded Judy, is a butterfly in the family Riodinidae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia. The habitat consists of primary and gallery forests, as well as the fringes of submontane forests.\nThe larvae feed on Maesa lanceolata.\n\n\nSubspecies\nA. n. neavei (Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, western Kenya, north-western Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kasai, Lomami, Lualaba, Tanganika and Maniema)\nA. n. congdoni Kielland, 1985 (Tanzania)\nA. n. dollmani Riley, 1932 (Democratic Republic of the Congo: south to Lualaba and Shaba, northern Zambia)\nA. n. kivuensis Riley, 1932 (Democratic Republic of the Congo: north-east to Uele, Ituri and Kivu)\nA. n. latifasciata Riley, 1932 (Nigeria, north-western Cameroon)\nA. n. mahale Kielland, 1978 (western Tanzania: Mahale Mountains, especially the western slopes of Mount Kungwe)\n\n\nReferences\n\n Media related to Abisara neavei at Wikimedia Commons\n Data related to Abisara neavei at Wikispecies"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_small
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Small","to":"Adam Small"}],"pages":{"15141815":{"pageid":15141815,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Small","extract":"Adam Small (21 December 1936 \u2013 25 June 2016) was a South African writer who was involved in the Black Consciousness Movement and other activism. He was noted as a Coloured writer who wrote works in Afrikaans that dealt with racial discrimination and satirized the political situation. Some collections include English poems, and he translated the Afrikaans poet N P van Wyk Louw into English.\n\n\nLife\nAdam Small was born on 21 December 1936 in Wellington. He matriculated in 1953 at the St Columbas High School in Athlone on the Cape Flats. He then attended the University of Cape Town where he studied for a degree in Languages and Philosophy. In 1963 he completed an MA (cum laude) in the philosophy of Nicolai Hartmann and Friedrich Nietzsche. During the same time period he studied at the University of London and the University of Oxford.\nAdam became a lecturer in philosophy at the University of Fort Hare in 1959, and in 1960 he was one of the academic founders of the University of the Western Cape (UWC) when he was appointed as the Head of the Philosophy Department. In the early 1970s he joined the Black Consciousness Movement.\nIn 1973 he was pressured to resign from the UWC. This prompted a move to Johannesburg, where he became the Head of Student Body Services at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits). He returned to Cape Town in 1977, where he was Director of the Western Cape Foundation for Community Services until 1983. In 1984 he returned to the UWC as the Head of the Social Services Department, a position he held until his retirement in 1997.\n\n\nRecognition\nSmall was awarded the Hertzog Prize in 2012 for his contribution to the drama genre. Although the award was well received for being long overdue, some controversy arose because the Academy, in making the award, broke one of their own rules stating that the prize can only be awarded to a writer who has published new and substantial work in a specific genre during the previous three years. Small's last play was published in 1983. One of his famous poems is called \"Doemanie.\"\nAfter decades spent out of the public eye, Small, on 14 September 2013, received a hero's welcome at the Breytenbach Centre in Wellington, where he was guest of honour at the centre's Poet Festival. He read a selection of poems from his latest anthology Klawerjas. In 2015 a new drama, Maria, Moeder van God, was broadcast on Radio Sonder Grense's yearly art festival programme.\n\n\nLiterary style\nSmall is known for his use of the Kaaps Afrikaans dialect, which is primarily associated with lower-class coloured speakers. This choice was attacked by many of his contemporary critics, due to a sense that he was allying himself with (white) Afrikaans interests and that he was allowing the community's specific language to be ridiculed. However, this choice makes him something of a literary pioneer in Afrikaans literary history.\nSmall was also a member of the Sestigers, an influential South African literary group that was working in the 1960s. This group attempted to revolutionise the dominant literature by questioning the political, racial and sexual problems with the nation.\n\n\nWorks include\nPoems (undated)\nDie Eerste Steen (undated)\nVerse van die Liefde (1957)\nKitaar My Kruis (1962)\nS\u00ea Sjibbolet (1963)\nA Brown Afrikaner Speaks: A Coloured Poet and Philosopher Looks Ahead (1971)\nOos West Tuis Best: Distrik Ses (1973, with Chris Jansen)\nBlack Bronze Beautiful: Quatrains (1975)\nOh Wide and Sad Land - Afrikaans Poetry of N P van Wyk Louw translated by Adam Small (1975)\nKanna hy k\u00f4 hystoe: 'n drama (1965)\nKlawerjas (2013)\nMaria, Moeder van God, a radiodrama (2015)\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/actinocerida
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"20445533":{"pageid":20445533,"ns":0,"title":"Actinocerida","extract":"The Actinocerida are an order of generally straight, medium to large cephalopods that lived during the early and middle Paleozoic, distinguished by a siphuncle composed of expanded segments that extend into the adjacent chambers, in which deposits formed within contain a system of radial canals and a narrow space along the inner side of the connecting ring known as a paraspatium. (Teichert 1964) Septal necks are generally short and cyrtochoanitic, some being recumbent, some hook shaped. Most grew to lengths of about 60 to 90 cm (2.0 to 3.0 ft) but some, like the Huroniidae of the Silurian grew significantly larger.\n\n\nEcology\nThe Actinocerida inhabited shallow to quite deep waters, where they alternated between swimming and lying on the bottom. They were predatory, and able to control their buoyancy to a greater degree than their contemporaries.\n\n\nDerivation\nThe derivation of the Actinocerida remains enigmatic. They first appear late in the Early Ordovician (Cassinian Stage, late Floian) with the Georginidae but don't become well established until the beginning of the early Whiterockian Stage (Dapingian) of the Middle Ordovician (Flower 1868,1976) \nThe Georginidae, introduced and described by Mary Wade in 1977 (Wade 1988), based on the genus Georgina, are known from the upper Canadian Coolibah Formation of the Georgina Basin in Northern Australia. How the Georginidae relate to older stocks is unclear. The Upper Cambrian Protactinocerida have been suggested as being ancestral but none are known to have gone beyond the near end of the Cambrian extinction, which makes any connection hypothetical.\nPolydesmia was once thought to be the ancestral form of the actinocerids, and was derived from the ellesmeroceriid Bathmoceras. However, it turned out based on a reassessment of Lower Ordovician and Whiterockian formations in northeastern China that Polydesmia is antedated by Wutinoceras, its assumed primitive nature rather a derived condition.\n\n\nEvolution and diversification\nActinocerids first appeared early in the Middle Ordovician, with the exception of the Georginidae, which are known from the Cassinian in Northern Australia. They reached their greatest diversity in the Middle Ordovician with more than 20 genera, then declined somewhat in the Late Ordovician and more so in the Early Silurian; made a slight come back in the Middle Silurian but not to Late Ordovician numbers; and declined more or less steadily from the Late Silurian into the Devonian.\nThree major lineages began the Middle Ordovician, the Actinoceratidae, Armenoceratidae, and Ormoceratidae. The Actinoceratidae and Armenoceratidae are most likely derived from Wutinoceras and the Ormoceratidae from a second wutinocerid genus, Adamsoceras. Gonioceras is an offshoot of an early Armenoceras; Lambeoceras and Huronia are offshoots of a later Actinoceras.The Actinoceratidae extend into the Lower Silurian with Actinoceras; the Armenoceratidae and Huroniidae extend into the Upper Silurian. The Ormoceratidae are possibly the most recent, extending into the Lower Devonian Gonioceras (Gonioceratidae) is limited to the Middle Ordovician, its quasi-lookalike Lambeoceras (Lamberoceratidae) to the uppermost Middle and Upper Ordovician. The wutinocerids are known only from the early Middle Ordovician (Whiterockian) and the polydesmiadids are restricted to about that time.\nOriginating in the Ordovician, by the Devonian period actinocerids became rare; perhaps they were unable to compete with the more compact and maneuverable coiled nautiloids and ammonoids and cope with the arrival of jawed fish.\n\n\nClassification and taxonomy\nThe Actinocerida contain nine families; the Georginidae, Wutinoceratidae, Polydesmiidae, Armenoceratidae, Ormoceratidae, Actinoceratidae, Gonioceratidae, Lambeoceratide, and Huroniidae. The Carbactinoceratidae, included in the taxonomy in the Treatise, (Vol K) have been removed to the Pseudorthocerida.\nGeorginidae, Wade 1977; late E- early M Ord., Aust, Asia; Georgina, Mesaktoceras\nWutinoceratidae, Shimazu and Obata, 1938, ?late E - early M Ord (Whiterock); Asia, Aunt N Am. N Eur. Wutinoceras, Cyrtonybyoceras, Adamsoceras, ........\nPolydesmiidae, Kobayashi 1940; ?late E- M Ord, C and E Asia; Polydesmia, Ordoceras\nActinoceratidae, Seamann 1853, ?late E, M Ord - E Sil. Actinoceras, Kochoceras, Paractinoceras, Saffordoceras, Troostoceras\nLambeoceratidae; Lambeoceras,\nHuroniidae, Huronia , Huroniella, ? Discoactinoceras.\nArmenoceratidae, Troedsson 1926; early M Ord - Sil. Armenoceras, Nybyoceras, Selkirkoceras, Elrodoceras\nGonioceratidae, late Mid Ord, N Am. Gonioceras (from early Armenoceratid)\nOrmoceratidae, Seamann 1853, Ormoceras, Metarmenoceras, Parormoceras, Troedssonoceras........\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nFurther reading\nFlower R.H. 1957, Studies of the Actinoceratida, Memoir 2; New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM\nTeichert, Curt 1964, Actinoceratoidea, in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Vol K (Nautiloidea). Geol Soc of America and University of Kansas Press; pp K190\u2013 K216\nWade, M. 1988; Nautiloids and their descendants; Cephalopod classification in 1986. Memoir 44, pp 15\u201325; New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM"}}}}
part_xaa/abdou_doumbia
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abdou_Doumbia","to":"Abdou Doumbia"}],"pages":{"28380526":{"pageid":28380526,"ns":0,"title":"Abdou Doumbia","extract":"Abdou Doumbia (born 7 June 1990) is a French footballer who plays as a forward for Italian Serie C Group B club Virtus Entella.\n\n\nCareer\nBorn in France with French father and Malian mother, Doumbia spent most of his youth career in a suburb of Paris. He started his career with a club in Le Blanc-Mesnil at age of 8, and spent 1 year each in Paris FC and Noisy-le-Sec. \nDoumbia left for Lega Pro Prima Divisione side Pescara in 2008-09 season. Mainly a player of Berretti team, he made his first team debut on 8 October 2008, a Coppa Italia Lega Pro match that won Celano 4\u20130. He also played the second match that 3\u20135 lost to Foggia.With Pescara, he scored 14 goals for the youth team.Doumbia played for Serie D side Santegidiese in 2009\u201310 season, scoring 8 goals, his performance made Serie A side Parma offered him a contract near the end of season.\n\n\nParma\nDoumbia formally under contract with Parma on 1 July 2010. In July 2010 he left for Lega Pro Prima Divisione side Atletico Roma on loan for \u20ac1,000, along with Gianluca Lapadula (loan), Abel Gigli (co-ownership deal for \u20ac500) and Alessio Tombesi (co-ownership deal for \u20ac50,000); as part of the deal that Lega Pro Seconda Divisione top-scorer Daniel Ciofani moved to opposite direction in another co-ownership deal for \u20ac300,000.Doumbia made his club debut on 8 August 2010, the opening match of the season. He replaced Francesco Mazzarani at extra time, which Atletico Roma lost 1\u20132 to Cremonese in the Coppa Italia match.On 11 January 2011 he was signed by Ascoli on loan for the remainder of the season.In July 2011, he joined Lega Pro Prima Divisione side Como Calcio on a season-long loan deal.\n\n\nSiena & San Marino\nIn June\u2013July 2012 Parma and Siena made cashless player swap, which saw Parma signed Gon\u00e7alo Brand\u00e3o, Giuseppe Pacini, Andrea Rossi and Alessandro Iacobucci; while Siena signed Doumbia, Alberto Galuppo, Manuel Coppola and Paolo Hern\u00e1n Dellafiore; both clubs also retained 50% registration rights on their players. 50% registration rights of both Doumbia and Pacini were tagged for \u20ac500,000; Doumbia left for San Marino Calcio in temporary deal soon after. In June 2013, the 8 co-ownership deals were renewed.\n\n\nLecce\nIn July 2013 Doumbia returned to Siena for the pre-season camp. On 30 July he left the camp in order to finalize a new transfer. On 20 August 2013 Doumbia returned to Parma outright for \u20ac100,000 (equal to the revenue received by Parma from Iacobucci). On 27 August 2013 Lecce announced the temporary deal of Doumbia, which Lecce also received \u20ac260,000 from Parma as premi di valorizzazione. On 30 June 2014 Lecce signed Doumbia outright for \u20ac1 million; Parma signed Daniele Casiraghi in the same deal also for \u20ac1 million. On 29 August 2016 Doumbia signed a new 2-year contract.Doumbia spent four seasons at U.S. Lecce, amassing a total of 111 league appearances and 17 league goals.\n\n\nLivorno\nIn July 2017 he moved to Livorno, in the Serie C, on loan.He returned to Lecce for the 2018-19 season, but was not included in the squad for the Serie B campaign. In January 2019 he moved to Serie C side Reggina on a permanent basis. \n\n\nCarrarese\nOn 21 September 2020, he signed with Carrarese.\n\n\nEntella\nOn 1 September 2022, Doumbia moved to Virtus Entella.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAIC profile (data by football.it) (in Italian)"}}}}
part_xaa/achievement_medal
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Achievement_Medal","to":"Achievement Medal"}],"pages":{"766088":{"pageid":766088,"ns":0,"title":"Achievement Medal","extract":"The Achievement Medal is a military decoration of the United States Armed Forces. The Achievement Medal was first proposed as a means to recognize outstanding achievement or meritorious service of military personnel who were not eligible to receive the higher Commendation Medal or the Meritorious Service Medal.\nEach military service issues its own version of the Achievement Medal, with a fifth version authorized by the U.S. Department of Defense for joint military activity. The Achievement Medal is awarded for outstanding achievement or meritorious service not of a nature that would otherwise warrant awarding the Commendation Medal. Award authority rests with local commanders, granting a broad discretion of when and for what action the Achievement Medal may be awarded.\n\n\nHistory\n\n\nU.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps\nThe Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal (NAM), is the United States Navy and U.S. Marine Corps' version of the Achievement Medal. The U.S. Navy was the first branch of the U.S. Armed Forces to award such a medal, doing so in 1961, when it was dubbed the \"Secretary of the Navy Commendation for Achievement Medal.\" This title was shortened in 1967 to simply, the \"Navy Achievement Medal.\" On August 19, 1994, to recognize those of the United States Marine Corps who had received the Navy Achievement Medal, the name of the decoration was officially changed to the \"Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal\". The award is still often referred to in shorthand speech as the \"Navy Achievement Medal\" or \"NAM\" for short.\n\n\nChain of Command approval\nFrom its inception in the early 1960s to 2002, the Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal could not be approved by the commanding officers of ships, submarines, aviation squadron, or shore activities who held the rank of Commander (O-5). Awards for crewmembers had to be submitted to the Commodore or Air Wing Commander or the first appropriate O-6 in the chain of command for approval, who then signed the award and returned it. This led to a dramatically lower awarding rate when compared to similar size units in the Army or Air Force awarding their own achievement medals, especially considering that those services did not establish their respective achievement medals until the 1980s. Since 2002 the commanding officers of aviation squadrons and ships have had the authority to award NAMs without submission to higher authority. This is in contrast to the Army, where battalion commanders or the first O-5 in a soldier's chain of command are the authorizing official.\n\n\nU.S. Army, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Space Force, and U.S. Coast Guard\nThe United States Coast Guard created its own Coast Guard Achievement Medal in 1967; the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force issued their own versions of the award with the Army Achievement Medal (AAM) in 1981 and Air Force Achievement Medal (AFAM) in 1980. Effective 11 September 2001, the Army Achievement Medal may be awarded in a combat area. Since this change over sixty thousand Army Achievement Medals have been awarded in theaters of operations such as Iraq and Afghanistan.\n\n\nJoint Service Achievement Medal\nThe Joint Service Achievement Medal (JSAM) was created in 1983. This award was considered a Department of Defense decoration senior to the service department Achievement Medals.\n\n\nRibbon devices\nThe following devices may be authorized to be worn on the following achievement medals suspension ribbon and service ribbon:\n\nAll Achievement Medals \u2013 \"C\" device, which signifies meritorious performance \"under combat conditions\" after January 2016\nJoint Service Achievement Medal (all service branches) \u2013 for additional awards, oak leaf clusters\nArmy Achievement Medal \u2013 for additional awards, oak leaf clusters\nNavy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal \u2013 for additional awards, 5/16 inch stars\nAir Force Achievement Medal \u2013 for additional awards, oak leaf clusters\nCoast Guard Achievement Medal \u2013 for additional awards, 5/16 inch stars\nCoast Guard Achievement Medal \u2013 Operational Distinguishing Device (\"O\" device)\nCoast Guard Achievement Medal \u2013 Combat Distinguishing Device (Combat \"V\")\n\n\nFormer ribbon devices\nThe following ribbon devices were authorized in the past but have now been discontinued:\nAir Force Achievement Medal \u2013 \"V\" Device until December 2016\nNavy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal \u2013 Combat Distinguishing Device (Combat \"V\") until December 2016\n\n\nSee also\nAwards and decorations of the United States government\nAwards and decorations of the United States military\nAwards and decorations of the United States Coast Guard\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n\nNavy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal Citation Examples\nHRC Joint Awards FAQ"}}}}
part_xaa/acc_network
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"ACC_Network","to":"ACC Network"}],"pages":{"55278480":{"pageid":55278480,"ns":0,"title":"ACC Network","extract":"ACC Network (ACCN) is an American multinational subscription-television channel owned and operated by ESPN Inc. Dedicated to coverage of the Atlantic Coast Conference, it was announced in July 2016 and launched on August 22, 2019. The channel operates from ESPN's headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut, though some programming and staff is in Charlotte, North Carolina.\nThe network's digital platform, ACC Network Extra (ACCNX), streams on ESPN.com and the ESPN app for ACC Network subscribers, and carries ACC events not broadcast on television.\n\n\nHistory\nThere had been repeated calls for the ACC to establish its own cable channel, similar to those that had or were being established by other Power Five conferences. From July 1, 2012, to June 30, 2013 (in the midst of realignment that saw Pittsburgh, Syracuse and Louisville announce that they would join the ACC, Maryland leave for the Big Ten, and Notre Dame join the ACC outside of football), the ACC took in less television revenue than the Pac-12, SEC and Big Ten conferences. The Big Ten and Pac-12 had already launched their own channels, while ESPN and the SEC had announced the SEC Network would launch in 2014. SEC Network's first year of operation increased the conference's television revenue by around $100 million.In discussions with ESPN management, there were uncertainties over whether an ACC channel would be economically viable, due to cord cutting and changing television viewing habits. The stability of the ACC itself was also questioned, but was addressed in 2013 by requiring the conference's current teams to grant the ACC control of media rights to all home games through the 2026\u20132027 season, even if they leave the conference. This policy effectively discourages schools from leaving the ACC, and left the SEC as the only Power Five conference to not have a similar grant requirement. Eric J. Barron, president of Florida State University, stated that the grant would \"ensure that the conference will strengthen its position of leadership among Division I athletics\", and stated that \"we are also very pleased that we will be moving forward on the next phase of developing an ACC network.\"On July 21, 2016, at a media event in Charlotte, North Carolina, ESPN announced a 20-year extension of its contract with the ACC, and that it would launch a cable channel dedicated to the ACC in 2019 known as the ACC Network. The announcement was attended by then-ESPN president John Skipper and ACC commissioner John Swofford. Ahead of the television network's launch, ESPN announced that it would begin to stream ACC events beginning in the upcoming 2016 season. Following the announcement, Skipper defended the decision to go on with launching a linear television network, arguing that sports were the most valuable property on television because they are \"the only thing you have to watch live\".Each ACC school constructed production facilities so they can contribute programming to the channel. Its operations are based out of ESPN's main studios in Bristol, but some programming originates from Charlotte, North Carolina (where SEC Network, and formerly ESPNU, also operate).In November 2018, it was officially announced that ACCN would launch on August 22, 2019. Opening night programming included the ESPN Films documentary The Class That Saved Coach K, which chronicled Mike Krzyzewski's turnaround of the Duke Blue Devils basketball team in the 1980s. It aired its first football game on August 29, with the defending national champion Clemson Tigers hosting the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets.\n\n\nProgramming\nACC Network is expected to carry 1,300 events per-year. To provide more content for the channel, the ACC agreed to expand its conference schedule in college basketball to 20 games by the 2019\u20132020 season. ESPN also acquired the secondary ACC rights previously sub-licensed to Raycom Sports for its syndicated ACC Network (the company will continue to be involved as a subcontractee for events that can be carried by the new channel).Mark Packer and Wes Durham host the morning show Packer and Durham, simulcast on ACCN and SiriusXM. All ACC will serve as the network's general news program, while The Huddle airs on Friday nights and Saturday mornings during football season.As a prelude to the linear channel, and as part of ESPN's new rights package, ESPN's digital platform WatchESPN began to carry broadcasts of ACC sporting events not on television under the branding ACC Network Extra. ESPN promoted that it would carry over 600 live telecasts per-season. ACCNX has continued its operations following the launch of the channel, becoming available exclusively to ACC Network subscribers.\n\n\nCarriage\nESPN stated in June 2017 that it had reached carriage deals for the ACC Network with unknown providers. In October 2017, Altice USA committed to offering the channel as part of in its latest round of carriage negotiations with Disney. On December 30, 2018, Disney reached a new carriage agreement with Verizon Fios, which included carriage of the ACC Network. On March 12, 2019, agreement was reached with AT&T to carry the ACC Network on DirecTV at launch. Live television streaming services Hulu, PlayStation Vue, YouTube TV, and TVision Home also signed agreements to carry the channel at launch.On August 14, Charter Spectrum, the largest cable provider in the ACC's heartland of North Carolina, agreed to carry ACCN as part of a new carriage agreement covering all Disney networks (including those acquired from 21st Century Fox). On August 29, Dish Network agreed to carry the network on both Dish satellite TV service and Sling TV streaming service just in time to broadcast the Clemson/Georgia Tech football game. On September 4, Cox Communications agreed to carry the network. On September 25, AT&T agreed to carry the network on both AT&T U-Verse and AT&T TV Now. Deals were also made with the National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative (NRTC), National Cable Television Cooperative (NCTC), and Vivicast to carry the channel at launch on various smaller cable TV systems across the country.In the ACC Network's first athletic year, ESPN successfully negotiated the network's carriage to 70 million households on all major cable and satellite TV providers, with the sole exception of Comcast. The holdout, Comcast, which provides cable television to 19 million households as of Q3 2020, claimed in September 2019 that ESPN was not allowing them to carry the network at a \"fair and reasonable cost\" to their customers. Following a two-year holdout, ESPN and Comcast eventually came to a deal to carry ACC Network on Xfinity in November 2021.\n\n\nPersonalities\nCory Alexander\nDebbie Antonelli\nCarlos Boozer\nDan Bonner\nJoel Berry II\nDalen Cuff\nJordan Cornette\nWes Durham\nKatie George\nMike Gminski\nKelly Gramlich\nLuke Hancock\nMalcolm Huckaby\nTim Hasselbeck\nEJ Manuel\nMuffet McGraw\nDave O'Brien\nMark Packer\nKelsey Riggs\nMark Richt\nKate Scott\nKJ Smith\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website"}}}}
part_xaa/acropora_lokani
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acropora_lokani","to":"Acropora lokani"}],"pages":{"46963292":{"pageid":46963292,"ns":0,"title":"Acropora lokani","extract":"Acropora lokani is a species of acroporid coral that was first described by C. C. Wallace in 1994. Found in marine, shallow reefs and sheltered lagoons, it occurs at depths between 8 and 25 m (26 and 82 ft). It is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, and is believed to have a decreasing population. It is not common but found over a large area, including in three regions of Indonedia, and is listed under CITES Appendix II.\n\n\nDescription\nAcropora lokani is found in colonies up to 30 centimetres (12 in) wide and consisting of upright strong branches. It is brown, cream or blue in colour, and its branches have diameters of 5 to 7 millimetres (0.20 to 0.28 in) and may grow to 20 millimetres (0.79 in) long. The branches divide into branchlets, which contain axial, incipient axial, and radial corallites. The axial corallites are located on the end of the branchlets and are large and tube-shaped, with inner diameters of between 0.6 and 0.9 millimetres (0.024 and 0.035 in) and outer diameters of 2.2 to 2.6 millimetres (0.087 to 0.102 in). The radial corallites are small and are both surrounded by and contain elaborate spinules. The species looks similar to Acropora caroliniana and Acropora granulosa. It is found in sheltered lagoons, flats of shallow reefs, patch reefs, and in other shallow marine environments. It occurs at depths of between 8 and 25 m (26 and 82 ft). It is composed of aragonite (calcium carbonate).\n\n\nDistribution\nAcropora lokani is not common but found over a large area; the Indo-Pacific, Fiji, Southeast Asia, American Samoa, Raja Ampat, the Solomon Islands, Pohnpei, and also the Great Barrier Reef. It is native to American Samoa, Australia, three regions of Indonesia, Fiji, Micronesia, Malaysia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guine, Samoa, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, and the Solomon Islands. There is a lack of population data for the coral, but numbers are believed to be declining. It is threatened by climate change, rising sea temperatures causing bleaching, reef destruction, coral disease, being prey to starfish Acanthaster planci, and human activity. It is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List, is listed under CITES Appendix II, and may occur within Marine Protected Areas.\n\n\nTaxonomy\nIt was first described by C. C. Wallace in 1994 in the Indo-Pacific Ocean as Acropora lokani.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abacetus_guttula
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abacetus_guttula","to":"Abacetus guttula"}],"pages":{"40180546":{"pageid":40180546,"ns":0,"title":"Abacetus guttula","extract":"Abacetus guttula is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Maximilien Chaudoir in 1869.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/aboriginal_title_in_california
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Aboriginal_title_in_California","to":"Aboriginal title in California"}],"pages":{"30801949":{"pageid":30801949,"ns":0,"title":"Aboriginal title in California","extract":"Aboriginal title in California refers to the aboriginal title land rights of the indigenous peoples of California. The state is unique in that no Native American tribe in California is the counterparty to a ratified federal treaty. Therefore, all the Indian reservations in the state were created by federal statute or executive order.\nCalifornia has experienced less possessory land claim litigation than other states. This is primarily the result of the Land Claims Act of 1851 (following the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo) that required all claims deriving from the Spanish and Mexican governments to be filed within two years. Three U.S. Supreme Court decisions and one Ninth Circuit ruling have held that the Land Claims Act applied to aboriginal title, and thus extinguished all aboriginal title in the state (as no tribes filed claims under the Act). Two Deputy Attorneys General of California have advocated this view.\n\n\nHistory\n\n\nSpanish rule\n\nSpain established twenty-one missions, indigenous peoples (the so-called Mission Indians) lived and worked under the supervision of missionaries. However, approximately 80% of the approximately 100,000 to 300,000 indigenous population of California remained outside the Missions. Spanish law fully recognized the customary title of indigenous peoples. Spanish-era land grants are referred to as the Ranchos of California.\n\n\nMexican rule\nMexico declared independence from Spain in 1824. Mexico secularized the Mission system, and granted some of these tribes their land in fee simple.\n\n\nU.S. territory\n \nMexico ceded California to the US in 1848 pursuant to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Under Article Eight of that treaty, the United States agreed to respect the hundreds of land grants, many quite substantial, granted by the Spanish and Mexican governments to private landowners. Articles Nine and Ten guaranteed the property rights of Mexican nationals. The United States established procedures to review the validity of such land grants.That same year gold was discovered in California, rapidly accelerating migration to California. Reports commissioned by the federal government during this period uniformly downplayed the extent of indigenous land rights under Spanish and Mexican rule.\n\n\nStatehood\n\n\nThe eighteen unratified treaties\nCalifornia was admitted as a U.S. state on September 9, 1850. The admission act made no reference to Native American land rights. On their second day in office as California's first Senators, John Fremont and William M. Gwin introduced bills to extinguish all aboriginal title in California. On September 30, 1850, Congress passed an amended version of Fremont's bill appropriating $25,000 and authorizing the President to appoint three commissioners, Oliver M. Wozencraft, Redick McKee and George W. Barbour, to negotiate treaties with the tribes of California. By January 1852, eighteen treaties had been negotiated, representing about one-third of the tribes and bands in the state. The state legislature strongly opposed the Indian reservation policy pursued by the treaty and lobbied the federal government to instead remove the Indians from the state entirely. Because Fremont and Gwin represented the key swing votes between the Whig and Democratic parties, none of the treaties were ever ratified and all were classified.Federal agents had already persuaded nearly all of the Indians to remove to their would-be reservations while the treaties were pending; soon, \"starvation, disease, and murder\" reduced their population to 17,000.\n\n\nThe Land Claims Act\n\nOn March 3, 1851, Congress enacted the California Land Act of 1851, sometimes known as the Land Claims Act, requiring \"each and every person claiming lands in California by virtue of any right or title derived by the Mexican government\" to file their claim with a three-member Public Land Commission within two years. The Commissioners were to issue patents to the claims they found meritorious and the other lands were to pass into the public domain at the end of the two years. Two years later, Congress passed an act to survey those lands that had passed into the public domain under the first statute, but exempted \"land in the occupation or possession of any Indian tribe.\" That act also authorized the President to create five military reservations in California for Indian purposes.The effect of these acts on aboriginal title in California has been a subject of litigation for 150 years. Regardless, the United States never again pursued treaty negotiations with California Indians, instead favoring legislation and executive orders. By statute, Congress created several Indian reservations. Congress gave the executive the discretion to create further reservations. By 1986, Presidents had used this discretion to create 117 reservations totaling 632,000 acres (256,000 ha).\n\n\nClaims Court litigation\nIn 1927, the California legislature passed a statute authorizing the California Attorney General to bring claims on behalf of the tribes in the Court of Claims. The next year, Congress passed a statute granting that court jurisdiction for such claims. California Attorney General Earl Warren (future Chief Justice) finally argued the case in 1941. The court found liability but indicated it would not award pre-judgment interest, and the Supreme Court declined to grant certiorari. Warren negotiated a $5M settlement. After the passage of the Indian Claims Commission Act, the same group of tribes struggled to bring a single action for recovery under the broader claims allowed under the ICCA, which settled for $29M.\n\n\nEffect of the Land Claims Act of 1851\n\n\nEarly California Supreme Court decisions\nThe earliest cases heard by the Supreme Court under the Land Claims Act involved non-Indians. Therefore, in Thompson v. Doaksum (1886), the California Supreme Court considered the application of the Act to Indians as a matter of first impression. The court upheld a quiet title judgment for the plaintiff, holding: \"If defendants [Indians belonging to the Big Meadows tribe] had any right to the land, it should have been asserted in the land department pending the application for patent, or by direct proceeding on the part of the government to set aside the patent.\"Two years later, Byrne v. Alas (1888), the court distinguished its holding by reversing a quiet title judgment against a group of Mission Indians. Byrne, in distinguishing Doaksum, held that the fact of a third party validating title to certain lands was conclusive of the fact that those lands were not in the public domain, and thus, that the aboriginal title was not extinguished.There, the Mission Indians did not claim fee simple by any Mexican grant, but rather \"by virtue of their possession, and the continuous, open, and exclusive use and occupancy by their predecessors and ancestors ever since the year 1815.\" Further, the court interpreted the language in the Land Claims Act requiring the Commissioner to investigate the status of indigenous tenure as evidence that \"Congress did not intend that the rights of the Indians should be cut off by a failure on their part to present their claims.\"\n\n\nBarker v. Harvey (1901)\nIn Barker v. Harvey (1901), the Supreme Court heard the consolidated appeals of a group of Mission Indians who had lost a quiet title action by several non-Indians. The appeal to the Supreme Court was brought by the federal government in its trustee capacity. Justice Brewer, for a unanimous Court (White recused), affirmed.\nBarker has two independent holdings. First, the Court reaffirmed its holding from Botiller v. Dominguez (1889) that even perfect title was subject to the requirements of the Land Claims Act. Barker rejected in part the reasoning of the California Supreme Court from Byrne, noting: \"Surely a claimant would have little reason for presenting to the land commission his claim to land, and securing a confirmation of that claim, if the only result was to transfer the naked fee to him, burdened by an Indian right of permanent occupancy.\" Thus, Barker has since been cited by the Court as the source of the rule that the Land Claims Act itself extinguished aboriginal title.Second, the Court held that the plaintiff's title had been extinguished before the Mexican Cession. To determine this, the Court examined and quoted extensively the specific text of the plaintiff's grants. From this, the Court concluded that the aboriginal title had long been extinguished by abandonment:\n\nIt thus appears that prior to the cession the Mexican authorities, upon examination, found that the Indians had abandoned the land; that the only adverse claim was vested in the mission of San Diego and made an absolute grant, subject only to the condition of satisfying whatever claims the mission might have. How can it be said therefore that when the cession was made by Mexico to the United States there was a present recognition by the Mexican government of the occupancy of these Indians? On the contrary, so far as any official action is disclosed, it was distinctly to the contrary, and carried with it an affirmation that they had abandoned their occupancy, and that whatever of title there was outside of the Mexican nation was in the mission, and an absolute grant was made subject only to the rights of such mission.\n\n\nUnited States v. Title Ins. & Trust Co. (1923)\nMore than two decades later, the Court reconsidered the meaning and propriety of its Barker decision in United States v. Title Ins. & Trust Co. (1923). There, the federal government sued on behalf of a group of Mission Indians holding an 1842 Mexican grant. The court cited reliance considerations of stare decisis in declining the government's request to overrule Barker:\n\nThe decision was given 23 years ago, and affected many tracts of land in California, particularly in the southern part of the state. In the meantime there has been a continuous growth and development in that section, land values have enhanced, and there have been many transfers. Naturally there has been reliance on the decision. The defendants in this case purchased 15 years after it was made. It has become a rule of property, and to disturb it now would be fraught with many injurious results. Besides, the government and the scattered Mission Indians have adjusted their situation to it in several instances.\n\n\nSuper v. Work (1926)\nSuper v. Work (1926) involved a challenge in the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia (now known as the United States District Court for the District of Columbia) to the construction of federal hydroelectric dams in California. The plaintiffs, members of the Karuk and Peh-tsick tribes, alleged both that the dams would violate their aboriginal title rights and their rights under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia held that both rights (if they existed) were extinguished by the 1851 statute. Unlike the plaintiffs in Barker, who were Mission Indians, the plaintiffs here were nomadic at the time of the relevant times.In a one-sentence per curiam opinion, the Court affirmed the D.C. Circuit, citing Barker, Title Insurance, Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock (1903), and Conley v. Ballinger (1910). The Karuk attempt to re-assert their claims decades later based upon the federal government's general trust relationship and other statutes were unsuccessful. Since Super, the Court has twice interpreted the Land Claims Act to also have imposed the requirement to file upon the state of California itself.\n\n\nUnited States ex rel. Chunie v. Ringrose (1986)\n\nIn United States ex rel. Chunie v. Ringrose (1986), the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit considered the trespass and conversion claims of Chumash tribe (joined by the federal government) over the ownership of the Channel Islands of California (and the channel beds surrounding the Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands) in California. The Ninth Circuit held that, although the Chumash's aboriginal title survived the issuance of Mexican land grants to the same islands, the tribe's title was extinguished by its failure to file under the Land Claims Act.First, the Ninth Circuit disagreed with the District Court's holding that Mexican land grants had extinguished the Chumash's title. Instead, the court applied the same standards to Mexican land grants as would have been applied to federal land grants: the grants were presumed to grant an interest subject to the tribe's aboriginal title. Next, the Ninth Circuit rejected the tribe's arguments that the islands were not within the land ceded by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Third, the court rejected the Chumash's argument that the Treaty converted the tribe's aboriginal title into recognized title.Finally, the court reached the question of the Land Claims Act. The Ninth Circuit examined the rule of Barker, Title Insurance, and Super. As for Barker, the court conceded that \"the precise basis for this holding is not clear.\" With respect to Title Insurance, the court noted that it is \"not entirely clear in the opinion\" that the case involved aboriginal title, but inferred such from subsequent interpretations of that decision.The Chumash attempted to distinguish these cases by relying on Cramer v. United States (1923), the case that established the existence of \"individual aboriginal title\" (as opposed to tribal); Cramer, after all, had distinguished Barker. Thus, \"[g]iven the line of Supreme Court decisions recognizing the extensive reach of the Act of 1851,\" the Ninth Circuit stated that Cramer could only avail those whose individual aboriginal title post-dated 1851. The court also rejected the Chumash's attempt to interpret the Act according to canons of international law.The Supreme Court denied certiorari.\n\n\nIndividual aboriginal title\n\n\nCramer v. United States (1923)\nCramer v. United States (1923) involved would-be Indian reservations (as provided for in the aforementioned unratified treaties) that had subsequently been granted to railroads by the federal government. The United States District Court for the Northern District of California canceled the railroad's land patents based upon the actual use and occupation of the Indians since 1855. The Ninth Circuit agreed with the District Court, but cancelled the entirety of the patents at issue.The Supreme Court considered six arguments by the railroad. First, it rejected the railroad's argument that the exceptions to the grant did not specifically mention Indians; instead, the court held that all land grants are presumed to be granted subject to aboriginal title.Next, the Court considered the Act of 1851. The Court held that it was irrelevant:\n\nThe act plainly has no application. The Indians here concerned do not belong to any of the classes described therein and their claims were in no way derived from the Spanish or Mexican governments. Moreover, it does not appear that these Indians were occupying the lands in question when the act was passed.\nThird, the Court rejected the argument that the federal government could not bring suit on behalf of the tribe. Fourth, the Court rejected the statute limiting the time in which the government could challenge the validity of its land patents, holding that did not apply to suits on behalf of Indians. Fifth, the Court rejected estoppel: \"Since these Indians with the implied consent of the government had acquired such rights of occupancy as entitled them to retain possession as against the defendants, no officer or agent of the government had authority to deal with the land upon any other theory.\" Finally, however, the Court reversed the Ninth Circuit's voiding of the entire patents, holding that only the portions possessed by the Indians should be void.The holding in Cramer lay dormant for many years. Decade later, Justice Douglas dissented to the denial of certiorari where the lower court had denied a California Indian defendant the ability to defend a criminal prosecution for illegal logging on the basis of individual aboriginal title as recognized in Cramer. The Court has since elaborated on the basis for its holding in Cramer:\n\nThis holding was based upon the well-understood governmental policy of encouraging the Indian to forgo his wandering habits and adopt those of civilized life; and it was said that to hold that by so doing he acquired no possessory rights to the lands occupied, to which the government would accord protection, would be contrary to the whole spirit of the traditional American policy toward these dependent wards of the nation. The fact that such right of occupancy finds no recognition in any statute or other formal governmental action is not conclusive.\n\n\nUnited States v. Dann (1989)\nUnited States v. Dann (1989) is the most in-depth consideration of individual aboriginal title since Cramer. There, although the relevant tribal aboriginal title had been extinguished, and an ordinance prohibited entry onto the federal lands in question, the Court found that the defendants could and did establish individual aboriginal title based on their use of the lands before the ordinance. The Ninth Circuit (in an appeal from Nevada, not California) held:\n\n[An individual] establish[es] aboriginal title in much the same manner that a tribe does. An individual might be able to show that his or her lineal ancestors held and occupied, as individuals, a particular tract of land, to the exclusion of all others, from time immemorial, and that this title had never been extinguished.\nHowever, the Ninth Circuit concluded that the federal policies in place at the time of Cramer had changed and thus:\n\nIn short, an Indian cannot today gain a right of occupancy simply by occupying public land, as the Indians did in Cramer. Under current law, that occupancy could not be viewed as undertaken with the implied consent of the government, as was the occupancy in Cramer. We therefore conclude that any individual occupancy rights acquired by the Danns must have had their inception prior to November 26, 1934, the date that the lands in question were withdrawn from entry by Executive Order No. 6910.\nIndividual aboriginal title is a fact-specific and fact-intensive defense, which is difficult to raise as a criminal affirmative defense, for which the defendant has the burden of proof.\n\n\nSee also\nAct for the Government and Protection of Indians\nCalifornia Indian Wars, 1850-1880\nCalifornia Land Act of 1851\nCalifornia Indian Reservations and Cessions\nIndian Reorganization Act\nIndian Claims Commission\nIndian termination policy\nCalifornia Rancheria Termination Acts\nTerritorial evolution of California\n\n\nNotes\n\n\nReferences\nBruce S. Flushman & Joe Barbieri, Aboriginal Title: The Special Case of California, 17 Pac. L.J. 391 (1986).\nPaul Gates, The California Land Act of 1851, 50 Cal. Hist. Q. 395 (1971).\nChristine A. Klein, Treaties of Conquest: Property Rights, Indian Treaties, and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 26 N.M. L. Rev. 201 (1996).\nChauncey Shafter Goodrich, The Legal Status of the California Indian, 14 Cal. L. Rev. 83 (1926).\nHarry B. Morrison, The Archbishop's Claim: The History of the Legal Claim of the Catholic Church before the Federal Courts to the Property of the California Missions, 47 Jurist 394 (1987)."}}}}
part_xaa/acanthoderes_penrosei
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acanthoderes_penrosei","to":"Acanthoderes penrosei"}],"redirects":[{"from":"Acanthoderes penrosei","to":"Aegomorphus penrosei"}],"pages":{"43370747":{"pageid":43370747,"ns":0,"title":"Aegomorphus penrosei","extract":"Aegomorphus penrosei is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chemsak and Hovore in 2002.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/acetyl_iodide
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acetyl_iodide","to":"Acetyl iodide"}],"pages":{"12190814":{"pageid":12190814,"ns":0,"title":"Acetyl iodide","extract":"Acetyl iodide is an organoiodine compound with the formula CH3COI. It is a colourless liquid. It is formally derived from acetic acid. Although far rarer in the laboratory than the related acetyl bromide and acetyl chloride, acetyl iodide is produced, transiently at least, on a far larger scale than any other acid halide. Specifically, it is generated by the carbonylation of methyl iodide in the Cativa and Monsanto processes that are the main industrial route to acetic acid. It is also an intermediate in the production of acetic anhydride from methyl acetate.Upon treatment with carboxylic acids, acetyl iodide does not exhibit reactions typical of acyl halides, such as acetyl chloride. Instead, acetyl iodide undergoes iodide/hydroxide exchange with most carboxylic acids:\nCH3COI + RCO2H \u2192 CH3CO2H + RCOI\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_wisniewski-snerg
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Wi\u015bniewski-Snerg","to":"Adam Wi\u015bniewski-Snerg"}],"pages":{"50052":{"pageid":50052,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Wi\u015bniewski-Snerg","extract":"Adam Wi\u015bniewski-Snerg (1 January 1937 \u2013 30 August 1995) was a Polish science fiction author.\nHe was born in P\u0142ock, Poland.\nAlthough unpopular during his life, after his suicide he became recognized as one of the most significant authors of Polish SF.His novel Robot was first published in English in 2021 in a translation by Tomasz Mirkowicz, who died in 2003.\nHe was the prototype of Sneer, the main character of Limes inferior, one of the novels by Janusz A. Zajdel.\n\n\nPublications\nRobot (\"Robot\") (1973)\nWed\u0142ug \u0142otra (\"According, to the Thief\") (Wydawnictwo Literackie, Krak\u00f3w 1978)\nNagi cel (\"The Naked Target\") (1980)\nArka (\"The Ark\") (Czytelnik, Warszawa 1989)\nJednolita teoria czasoprzestrzeni (\"The Uniform Theory of the Spacetime\") (1990)A non-science fiction book, in which the author presents his vision of the \"General Theory of Everything\", i.e., the unifying theory for all physical aspects of the universe. This theory was not taken seriously by physicists.Posthumous\n\n\"ORO\" (\"ORO\") (Amber, Warszawa 1997)\n\"Trzecia cywilizacja\" (\"The Third Civilization\") (C&T, Toru\u0144 1998)\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nAdam Wi\u015bniewski-Snerg at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database"}}}}
part_xaa/adam_bohoric
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adam_Bohori\u010d","to":"Adam Bohori\u010d"}],"pages":{"12813559":{"pageid":12813559,"ns":0,"title":"Adam Bohori\u010d","extract":"Adam Bohori\u010d (pronunciation ) (c.\u20091520 \u2013 after 20 November 1598) was a Slovene Protestant preacher, teacher and author of the first grammar of Slovene.Bohori\u010d was born in the market town of Reichenburg in the Duchy of Styria (now Brestanica in Slovenia). He studied in Wittenberg under the supervision of Philip Melanchthon. In 1584, he wrote his most notable work, Arcticae horulae succisivae (English: Free Winter Hours). The book, written in Latin, was the first grammar of Slovene and the first Slovene normative guide. It was adapted and republished as Grammatica latino-germanico-slavonica in 1715 by Joannes Adamus Gaiger. In this work, Bohori\u010d codified the first Slovene alphabet, now called the Bohori\u010d alphabet. It was used up to the 1840s, when it was replaced by Gaj's Latin alphabet.\n\n\nSee also\nPrimo\u017e Trubar\nJurij Dalmatin\nSebastian Krelj\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\n Media related to Adam Bohori\u010d at Wikimedia Commons"}}}}
part_xaa/abantis_elegantula
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abantis_elegantula","to":"Abantis elegantula"}],"pages":{"38297730":{"pageid":38297730,"ns":0,"title":"Abantis elegantula","extract":"Abantis elegantula, the elegant paradise skipper, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria and Cameroon. The habitat consists of forests, including forest-savanna mosaic.\nAdult males mud-puddle.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/acer_iconia
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acer_Iconia","to":"Acer Iconia"}],"pages":{"32726043":{"pageid":32726043,"ns":0,"title":"Acer Iconia","extract":"The Acer Iconia is a range of tablet computers from Acer Inc. of Taiwan.\nAcer presented its first tablet during a global press conference in New York on 23 November 2010. The family includes a big screen smartphone called Iconia Smart. The Iconia series displays utilize Gorilla Glass.\n\n\nIconia series\nIconia Smart \u2013 4.8 in (120 mm) smartphone/tablet\nIconia Tab A100 \u2013 7 in (180 mm) Android tablet\nIconia Tab A110 \u2013 7 in (180 mm) Android tablet\nIconia Tab A200 \u2013 10.1 in (260 mm) Android tablet\nIconia Tab A210 \u2013 10.1-in Android tablet\nIconia Tab A500 \u2013 10.1-in Android tablet\nIconia Tab A510 \u2013 10.1-in Android tablet\nIconia Tab A700 \u2013 10.1-in Android tablet\nIconia Tab W500 \u2013 10.1-in Windows tablet\nIconia Tab W510 \u2013 Windows tablet\nIconia Tab W700 \u2013 Windows tablet\nIconia A3 \u2013 10.1-in Android tablet\nIconia W3 \u2013 8.1-in Windows 8.1 slate PC\nIconia W4 \u2013 8-in Windows tablet\nIconia B1 \u2013 7 in (180 mm) Android tablet (Jelly Bean 4.1.2)\nIconia One 7, 8 and 10 \u2013 ranges of Android tablets with screen sizes 7, 8 and 10 inches\n\n\nIconia Smart\nThis is a tablet with the size of a smartphone: 4.8 in (120 mm) widescreen with a 21:9 aspect ratio and 1024\u00d7480 screen resolution. It runs Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich operating system and it is equipped with a 16 MP camera with LED flash plus a 5 MP front camera for video calls.\n\n\nIconia Tab A100\nThe Iconia Tab A100 tablet is the smallest tablet in the series. It runs Android 3.2 Honeycomb operating system and it has a capacitive touchscreen display with 1024 x 600 pixel of resolution. Iconia supports multiple connectivity options, including Wi-Fi (in the a 101 version) 3G band and GPS. Iconia tab has gyro-sensor, accelerometer and compass. The A100 features a Nvidia Tegra 2 T20 SoC and a primary 5 MP camera with a secondary 2 MP camera.\nAcer has released an update for the A100 to Android 4.0.3 Ice Cream Sandwich.\n\n\nIconia Tab A110\nReleased in October 2012, the A110 includes 8 GB of internal flash storage, 1 GB of RAM and a 7-inch 1024\u00d7600 TFT multitouch display. Also includes in a front-facing 2 MP camera. Ships with Android 4.0 but can be upgraded to Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean).\n\n\nIconia Tab A200\nSimilarly equipped as the A500, the A200 is a budget minded tablet that lacks a rear camera and an HDMI port. Two models offer 8 or 16 GB internal flash storage and 1 GB of DDR2 system memory. It is equipped with a dual-core Nvidia Tegra 2 SoC and features a 1280\u00d7800 screen resolution. The A200 features a USB and mini-USB input ports, as well as a MicroSD slot. The device shipped with the Android 3.2 (Honeycomb) operating system.\nIn February 2012, an update to Android 4.0.3 (Ice Cream Sandwich) was made available via over-the-air update, less than a month after the tablet's release. It comes with Wi-Fi and blue tooth connectivity as well as the standard USB cable connection through the slave USB port which is extra on top of the full sized USB port, allowing direct connection to a PC and a printer or other USB device.\n\n\nIconia Tab A210\nReleased in November 2012, its two models offer 8 or 16 GB and 1 GB of DDR3 system memory. Each features a 10.1 inch 1280\u00d7800 TFT display and Nvidia Tegra 3 SoC including a quad core 1.2 GHz CPU. And Graphics Coprocessor ULP High Performance 12-Core NVIDIA GeForce GPU. Also includes in a front-facing 2 MP camera. It ships with Android 4.0, but it can be upgraded to Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean). Average battery Life (in hours) 8 hours, number of USB 2.0 Ports 1- USB 2.0 Port 1- Micro USB 2.0 Port MicroSD memory card up to 32 GB, item dimensions L x W x H 10.20 x 6.90 x 0.48 inches, item weight 1.5 pounds, Wireless Type 802.11bgn Bluetooth\u00ae 2.1+EDR Sensors:G-Sensor, Gyroscope\n\n\nIconia Tab A500\n\nThe Iconia Tab A500 tablet runs Android 3.0 Honeycomb operating system. As of 28 April 2012 the tablet has been updated to Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich). It is equipped with Nvidia's Tegra 2 processor and is 13.3 mm thick with a 1280\u00d7800 screen resolution and 1080p HDMI capacity. It supports Wi-Fi connectivity (The Iconia Tab A501 supports 3G + Wi-Fi connectivity). Iconia Tab A500 tablet also features a 5 MP rear-facing camera plus an HD front-facing camera, for video chat.\nSpecs:\n\n10.1 in (260 mm) TFT LCD display LED backlight 1,280\u00d7800 resolution\n Nvidia Tegra 250 1 GHz dual core\n1 GB DDR2 memory & SSD 8\u201332 GB storage, 64 GB storage available in some countries\nAndroid 3.0 Honeycomb, upgradable to Ice Cream Sandwich 4.0.3 since April 2012.\nWi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n and Bluetooth enabled\nHDMI and 1\u00d7 USB 2.0 ports\nLi-ion 3-cell battery lasts 8\u201310 Hours. Standby 12\u201315 days.\n\n\nIconia Tab A501\nSimilar to the A500, but with 3G.\n\n\nIconia Tab A510\nThe Iconia Tab A510 was shown for the first time at CES 2012. This tablet has been released for pre-order on 22 March 2012.\nSpecs:\n\n10.1 in (260 mm) inch touch screen (max. 10 finger input)\n Nvidia Tegra 3 1.3 GHz quad core\n1 GB DDR2 memory\n32 GB storage\n5 megapixel rear-facing camera\n1 megapixel front-facing camera\nAndroid 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich\nWi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n and Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR\nHDMI and 1\u00d7 USB 2.0 port\nCapable of HD games\n\n\nIconia Tab A511\nSimilar to the A510, but with 3G.\n\n\nIconia Tab A700\n\nA Nvidia Tegra 3 T30 tablet with a WUXGA (1920\u00d71200) resolution.\n\n\nIconia Tab A701\nA700 with 3G broadband modem.\n\n\nIconia Tab 8\nThe Acer Iconia Tab 8 was announced by Acer on 31 May 2014, as an 8-inch Android tablet featuring an Intel Atom Z3745 processor, 1920x1200 resolution, and 2 GB RAM.\n\nIconia Tab 7Acer Iconia Tab 7 is a 7-inch 3G tablet with Android that have regular phone functionality as well as data transfer. It was announced on 29 April 2014, in New York. The launch begins in May 2014.\n\n\nIconia A1-810\nIn April 2013, Acer announced the first generation Acer A1, which is a 7.9-inch Android tablet with a 1.2 GHz Mediatek quad-core processor and was released in May that same year.\n\n\nIconia A1-830\nIn January 2014, Acer announced the second generation Acer A1, which is a 7.9-inch Android tablet that will be released in February 2014, for $149 in the US.\n\n\nIconia A3\nAcer Iconia A3 is a 10.1\" Android 4.2 Jelly Bean tablet powered by a quad-core Mediatek processor to be released in November 2013 for $249.\n\n\nIconia W3\nThe Acer Iconia W3 was handed out to attendees at the Microsoft Build Conference in June 2013. It was billed as the \"world's first 8.1\" tablet with Windows 8.\" It sold for list $379.99 (US) for the 32GB version and $429.99 (US) for the 64 GB version. It has since been superseded by the W4. It has an Intel Atom processor Z2760, and runs Windows 8.1.\n\n\nIconia W4\nAn 8-inch Windows 8.1 tablet unveiled in October 2013 as a followup to the W3. Powered by a 1.8 GHz Intel Bay Trail processor. 32 GB and 64 GB model options. Also has a 5 megapixel rear camera and a 2 megapixel front camera. is available with HDMI port as well as with micro USB socket. Other competitors are the Dell Venue and Lenovo IdeaTab Miix.\n\n\nIconia Tab W500\nThe Iconia Tab W500p runs the Windows operating system, Windows 7 Home Premium to be specific. The tablet is complemented by a full-size chiclet docking keyboard and powered by the AMD Fusion \u2013 Brazos chip and features two 1.3 MP cameras. Starting point of the Iconia Tab W500 touch experience is the Acer Ring. It allows to access all features and touch applications pre-loaded. With clear.fi, Acer media sharing system, Iconia Tab W500 can be connected to the home network and can share multimedia contents with other clear.fi enabled devices.\nKnown Models: W500p-BZ412(C50), -BZ467(C50), -BZ607(C60), -BZ841(C60)\nSpecs:\n\n10.1 in (260 mm) TFT LCD Display LED Backlight 1,280\u00d7800 Resolution\nAMD Fusion C-50 1GHz dual core CPU or C-60 dual core CPU 1.33GHz\n2GB DDR3 onboard memory and SSD 32GB m-SATA upgradeable storage\nWindows 7 Home Premium 32-bit OS\nWi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n & Bluetooth enabled\nHDMI, USB 2.0 port\nAMD Radeon HD 6250 Graphics\nLi-ion 3-cell battery lasts up to 6 hours\nIntegrated bottom US keyboard Dock\n\n\nIconia W510\nThe Iconia W510 is a convertible laptop running the Windows 8 operating system. Using Intel Atom processor Z2760, 10.1 in (260 mm) Acer CineCrystal LED-backlit TFT LCD, Bluetooth, Front and Rear-facing Camera, Audio, Video, 64GB storage, Wi-Fi, Touchscreen, Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 3650, Genuine Windows 8 32-bit.\n\n\nIconia W700\nIconia W700 is a convertible laptop running the Windows 8 operating system. Bluetooth, Front and Rear-facing Camera, Audio, Video.\nSpecs:\n\n11.6 in (290 mm) Acer CineCrystal LED-backlit TFT LCD\nIntel Core i3-2375M\n2 GB DDR3 memory and SSD 64 GB storage\nWindows 8 Home Premium\nWi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n & Bluetooth enabled\nHDMI, USB 2.0 port\nIntel HD Graphics 3000\nLi-ion 3-cell battery\nIntegrated bottom US keyboard Dock\n\n\nIconia Tab B1 (1st gen.)\nAcer unveiled the first Iconia B1 in April 2013. It claims that it's a tablet with great specifications for a budget buy; it does keep its word for a decent specification for the price of Rs. 7\u2009999, \u00a399 or US$154. Acer made its first announcement at CES 2013 where it gave a glimpse of its new release of tablets, the Iconia B1 being one of them.\n\n\nHardware and design\nThe tablet features 1.2 GHz dual core Mediatek processors with a 512 MB RAM and has a 7-inch TFT LCD screen with 1024\u00d7600 pixel resolution with a pixel density of approximately 170 ppi. The tablet weighs 320 grams, and has a plastic back cover with a big black bezel. The top of the tablet sports the Acer branding and a VGA camera at the front and there is no rear-facing camera. There is a blue-coloured frame contouring the sides of the tablet.\nAlso at the back of the tablet, there is an Acer brand mark and speaker grills. There's Micro-USB port located at the bottom, slot for a micro-SD card, and a 3.5 mm headset jack that is at the top. The volume rocker and the power or sleep button is also made up of plastic and is located at the right side of the tablet.\n\n\nSoftware and interface\nThe operating system on the Iconia B1 is the Google Android 4.1.2 Jelly Bean. It doesn't include a custom skin by Acer though they have tweaked the Notification bar. There are 3 onscreen capacitive buttons \u2013 for Home, recent apps and back button. In the quick settings area there are options for GPS, brightness, screen timeout, Screen rotation, Bluetooth, Aeroplane mode, Wi-Fi and shortcut to Settings app which are all located at the top of the notification tray. Users can add up to five customisable home screens with various app shortcuts and widgets that are available along with the stock Jelly Bean and the ones from the Google Play store. The app-launcher allows users to add six apps at a time. The downside is that even with Jelly Bean 4.1.2 and a dual core processor there is a noticeable lag while navigating through the home screens or even switching between the apps, the possible reason could be the RAM which is low with 512 MB, the other could be the type of processor and the materials used to design and fabricate it. There is also that rough touch while swiping through the screens could be the type of glass used and the sensitivity of touch while making the touch screen.\n\n\nSpecifications\nAndroid Jelly Bean operating system\nMediatek dual-core 1.2 GHz processor (MTK 8317T)\n7-inch diagonal WSVGA capacitive multitouch screen with 1,024\u00d7600 resolution display\n512 MB RAM\n8 GB of internal storage\nWi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n\nBluetooth\u00ae wireless technology 4.0\nGPS\n3.5-mm headset/headphone/microphone jack\nInternal speaker\nMicroSD\u2122 expansion slot with up to 32 GB support\nFront-facing 0.3-megapixel webcam\nRechargeable 2,710 mAh battery\nMicro-USB (charging and PC connect) with USB 2.0\nDimensions: 197.4 mm \u00d7 128.5 mm \u00d7 11.3 mm\nWeight: 320 g\n\n\nIconia Tab B1-720 (3rd gen.)\nOn 3 January 2014, Acer launched a new Acer Iconia B1-720 that would be released in the middle of February 2014. It features a new 1.3 GHz processor, and an upgrade to 10-point touch screen. The release price is $129 in the United States.\n\n\nIconia One 7\nThe Acer Iconia One 7 was launched in June 2014 as an Android 4.4 tablet with an Intel Atom processor, a 7-inch screen and HD display.\nThe 2015 version retailed for \u00a399 in the UK, with 1 GB RAM and 16 GB storage. The resolution of the IPS LCD screen was 1200x800, lower than competing tablets such as the Tesco Hudl 2.In early 2018, the Iconia One 7 was available in two models, designated B1\u2013780 and B1\u2013790. Both have a 1.3 GHz MediaTek Cortex-A53 processor, a 1280x720 display, 1 GB RAM and 16 GB storage.\n\n\nIconia One 8\nThe Acer Iconia One 8 was released in 2015. It was an Android 5.1 tablet with an 8-inch screen, 1 GB RAM and 16 GB storage. It had a 5 megapixel rear camera and 0.3 megapixel front camera.In early 2018, the Iconia One 8 was available under designation B1\u2013850. This has the same Cortex-A53 processor as the One 7, a 1280x800 display, a 5 megapixel rear camera and 2 megapixel front camera.\n\n\nIconia One 10\nReleased in 2017, the Acer Iconia One 10 has a 10.1-inch screen and an initial retail price of \u00a3180 in the UK. It offers Android 6.0, front-firing speakers and 5 GHz Wi-Fi.In early 2018, the Iconia One 10 was available in two base models designated B3\u2013A30 and B3\u2013A40. Both have a 1280x800 screen, 16 GB storage and similar cameras to the One 8. The A30 model has the same Cortex-A53 processor as the One 8 and 1 GB RAM, while the A40 has a Cortex-A35 processor and 2 GB RAM. A \"Full HD\" variant designated B3\u2013A40 FHD improves the screen resolution to 1920x1200, runs the Cortex-A35 at 1.5 GHz instead of 1.3, and has 32 GB storage.\n\n\nIconia Tab 10 A3-A50\nAcer Iconia Tab 10 has a 10.1-inch screen. It runs Android 7.0. It's being the last Acer Iconia device ever released, unveiled back in May 2017.\n\n\nReviews\nInitial reactions saw the devices as an attempt to challenge Apple's iPad. Former Acer Chairman Gianfranco Lanci claimed, in an article in Stuffmideast magazine, that Acer's foray into the world of touchscreen tablets would overtake the Apple tablet within the next 2\u20133 years.\n\n\nSee also\nComparison of tablet computers\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/ability_office
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Ability_Office","to":"Ability Office"}],"pages":{"22758227":{"pageid":22758227,"ns":0,"title":"Ability Office","extract":"Ability Office is an office suite developed by Ability Plus Software and distributed and marketed by Ability Software International and which consists of a word processor, spreadsheet, database, modules for presentation and photo or image editing, plus a photo/image organiser and vector line drawing application. The current version (V6) offers a level of compatibility with Microsoft Office, allowing users to create, load from and save both to Microsoft Office 2010 (*.docx etc.) and earlier (*.doc etc.) file formats. In the same way, the photo and image editing application will create, load from and save to Adobe Photoshop (*.psd) file formats, together with other mainstream graphical file types. \nNot only can version 6 be downloaded from the Ability website, older versions are also available for download. The most recent version is version 10.\n\n\nDevelopment history\nDevelopment began in 1992 following a decision to replace Ability Plus, an existing DOS-based integrated package, and a first release was made in 1995 called Ability for Windows and consisted of modules for word processing, spreadsheet, database and communications (a terminal program).\nA second version was released in 1998 called Ability Office 98. The framework for the entire suite was changed from Borland OWL to Microsoft MFC resulting in better performance and the database was re-written to use the Jet Database Engine.\nSince then, modules have been added (an image editing module in 2000 and a presentation module in 2004) but the architecture has broadly remained the same with the step to a fully Unicode version being made in 2008. Ability Office is 100% C++, entirely 32-bit and uses the Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 compiler.\nNew version 8, released September 2018, includes Word Processor, Spreadsheet, Presentation, Database, Photo-editor, has a Microsoft Office 2016 style interface, is compatible with Windows 10 and all Windows versions back to XP, supports ODF import/export, allows switching interfaces between traditional toolbar mode and ribbon style, supports for 4k/hi-res displays, supports OOXML import/export \u2014 native support for docx, xlsx, pptx, and is free for personal (non-commercial) use.\n\n\nOEM versions\nIn October 2006, Tesco launched a range of own-brand software that included Tesco Complete Office, a Tesco-branded version of Ability Office.\nCorel (Home) Office, Corel Home Suite are based on Ability Office 5.\n\n\nVersion summary\nSource:\n\n\nSee also\nList of office suites\nComparison of office suites\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website"}}}}
part_xaa/absolute_linux
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Absolute_Linux","to":"Absolute Linux"}],"pages":{"47495191":{"pageid":47495191,"ns":0,"title":"Absolute Linux","extract":"Absolute Linux is a lightweight Linux distribution that works on older hardware and is based on Slackware Linux. The client is designed for everyday use (internet, multimedia, documents). Absolute Linux's default window and file managers are IceWM and ROX-Filer. Some of the programs offered by default include: GIMP, LibreOffice, Firefox, Xfburn, p7zip and qBittorrent. Many script utilities are included with Absolute Linux to aid with configuration and maintenance of the system.\nAbsolute Linux uses a graphical frontend to XPKGTOOL. Absolute Linux also bundles Gsplat, a Graphical frontend to Slapt-get which works similarly to Apt-get.\n\n\nSee also\nIceWM\nLightweight Portable Security\nLightweight Linux distribution\nSlackware\nSlapt-get\nLinux distribution\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website"}}}}
part_xaa/abc_country
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"ABC_Country","to":"ABC Country"}],"pages":{"51244564":{"pageid":51244564,"ns":0,"title":"ABC Country","extract":"ABC Country is a digital radio station, available on mobile devices, DAB+ digital radio, digital TV and online. A small number of self-help retransmissions, mainly in West Australia and Queensland also carry the station's programme stream. It is owned and operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.\n\n\nHistory\nABC Country broadcasts Australian country music (about 70% Australian content including about 5% Indigenous Australians country). Also broadcasts Early Morning Country and Saturday Night Country which is also broadcast on ABC Local Radio."}}}}
part_xaa/abani_bari_achho
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abani_Bari_Achho","to":"Abani Bari Achho"}],"pages":{"4751387":{"pageid":4751387,"ns":0,"title":"Abani Bari Achho","extract":"Abani Bari Achho (Bengali: \u0985\u09ac\u09a8\u09c0 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf \u0986\u099b\u09cb, romanized: \u00d4boni Ba\u0157i Achho) is a poem by Shakti Chattopadhyay. It is considered one of the iconic poems of modern Bengali poetry. It is included in his seminal early collection \u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u0993 \u0986\u099b\u09cb \u099c\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09ab\u09c7\u0993 \u0986\u099b\u09cb Dh\u00f4rmeo achho jirafeo achho (You are into religion, You are into giraffes), published in 1965.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abc_radio_canberra
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"ABC_Radio_Canberra","to":"ABC Radio Canberra"}],"pages":{"13501694":{"pageid":13501694,"ns":0,"title":"ABC Radio Canberra","extract":"ABC Radio Canberra (call sign: 2CN) is an ABC Local Radio station based in Canberra and broadcasting to the Australian Capital Territory as well as surrounding areas in New South Wales \u2013 this includes the cities and towns of Queanbeyan, Yass, and Bungendore.The station began as 2CN in 1953 originally broadcasting on 1540 kHz and from 21 December 1974 at 1440 kHz. On 6 December 1983, it changed to its current AM frequency of 666 kHz. The station first broadcast from studios based at the transmitter site at Gungahlin. In 1957, the station was relocated to the centre of Canberra, before finally moving to purpose-built studios in Dickson in 1964.\nABC Radio announced digital radio services in Canberra, the simulcast of 666 ABC Canberra, ABC Radio National, ABC Classic FM, ABC News Radio and triple j launched in 2011.When local programs are not being broadcast the station is a relay of ABC Radio Sydney.\n\n\nCurrent presenters\nLish Fejer\nAdam Shirley\nSabra Lane\nRichard Fidler\nSarah Kanowski\nSally Sara\nGeorgia Stynes\nAnna Vidot\nLinda Mottram\nSarah Macdonald\nIndira Naidoo\nPhilip Clark\nRod Quinn\nTrevor Chappell\nScott Levi\nAdrienne Francis\nMawunyo Gbogbo\nJonathon Gul\nIan McNamara\nKim Huynh\nChristine Anu\nSirine Demachkie\nGreg Bayliss\nCraig Quartermaine\n\n\nRatings\n\n\nReferences\n\n\"The 666 ABC Canberra story\". ABC Online. 3 March 2008. Archived from the original on 19 June 2008. Retrieved 29 May 2008.\n\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website"}}}}
part_xaa/acacia_deanei
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acacia_deanei","to":"Acacia deanei"}],"pages":{"10495913":{"pageid":10495913,"ns":0,"title":"Acacia deanei","extract":"Acacia deanei (Deane's wattle, green wattle; syn. Acacia paucijuga Wakef. [= Acacia deanei subsp. paucijuga], Racosperma deanei (R.T.Baker) Pedley) is a tree native to Australia, which is useful for controlling soil erosion. There are two subspecies: Acacia deanei subsp. deanei and Acacia deanei subsp. paucijuga.\n\n\nDescription\nThe shrub or tree has a spreading to erect habit and typically grows to height of 1.5 to 7 m (4 ft 11 in to 23 ft 0 in) and has smooth grey-brown to green coloured bark. It has angled to terete ridged branchlets with tiny yellow to whitish hairs. The pinnate leaves have ten to twelve pairs of pinnae that are 0.7 to 6.5 cm (0.28 to 2.56 in) in length with 7 to 45 pairs of pinnules that have an oblong to linear shape and have a length of 1.5 to 12 mm (0.059 to 0.472 in) and a width of 0.4 to 1.3 mm (0.016 to 0.051 in). It blooms throughout the year producing inflorescences situated in the terminal and axillary racemes and panicles. the spherical flower-heads have a diameter of 3 to 5.5 mm (0.12 to 0.22 in) and contain 15 to 30 cream-coloured to pale yellow or occasionally yellow flowers. The seed pods that form after flowering are flat and straight to curved and constricted between seeds. The leathery pods are 3.5 to 18 cm (1.4 to 7.1 in) in length and 5.5 to 11 mm (0.22 to 0.43 in) in width .\n\n\nTaxonomy\nThe species was first formally described in 1932 in the Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales. It was reclassified as Racosperma deanei in 1986 by Leslie Pedley then transferred back to genus Acacia in 2001. The only other synonym is Acacia decurrens var. deanei.The specific epithet honours Henry Deane, who was a railway engineer and amateur botanist, who collected the type specimen. \nA. deanei is similar in appearance and often mistaken for Acacia mearnsii and Acacia parramattensis.There are two subspecies:\n\nAcacia deanei (R.T.Baker) M.B.Welch, Coombs & McGlynn subsp. deanei known as Deane's wattle\nAcacia deanei subsp. paucijuga (F.Muell. ex N.A.Wakef.) Tindale.\n\n\nDistribution\nThe plant is endemic to eastern Australia through Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria. It is found in a variety of habitat often as a part of sclerophyll forest communities growing in a range of different soil types. It is common through inland parts of southern Queensland, and central arts of both New south Wales and Victoria.\n\n\nSee also\nList of Acacia species\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nFAO: Acacia deanei"}}}}
part_xaa/adelbrecht
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"16335796":{"pageid":16335796,"ns":0,"title":"Adelbrecht","extract":"Adelbrecht was a speaking, interactive robot in the form of a ball, designed by Martin Spanjaard (born 1952 in Haarlem, Netherlands).\nA first, simple version of Adelbrecht was presented in 1985.\nStarting 1988, a second, more powerful version was developed. The successor was able to detect several different 'situations': rolling, bumping, being stuck, being petted etc. Moreover, Adelbrecht was now capable of displaying different states of nature: sleep or awake. Combined with variables nicknamed 'lust' and 'fatigue', the situations and states of nature enabled Adelbrecht to interact with, and respond to its immediate and past environment. In 1992 Adelbrecht received an honourable mentioning at the Prix Ars Electronica. Its last performance, planned at New Year's Eve 2000, never took place because of serious hardware failure. From then on, Spanjaard proclaimed Adelbrecht a 'dead robot'.\n\n\nEtymology\nThe name \"Adelbrecht\" consists of two Middle Dutch words, Adel (Good) and Brecht (Nice). Modern versions of this name are Albert or Elbert.\n\n\nSee also\nRobotic art\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nArticle by Francisco van Jole in the Dutch magazine Blvd (1994)\nArticle by Dirk van Weelden in Mediamatic\nArticle about Atos Origin on the Dutch Wikipedia\nArs Electronica Linz, Honorable mentioning (1992)\nPage about Adelbrecht in the Catalogue of the NIMK (Netherlands Media Art Institute)\nShort bio of Martin Spanjaard at V2, Institute of the unstable media, the Netherlands\nVideo registration at YouTube (3'40\")"}}}}
part_xaa/abdurazak_gadzhikadiyev
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abdurazak_Gadzhikadiyev","to":"Abdurazak Gadzhikadiyev"}],"pages":{"-1":{"ns":0,"title":"Abdurazak Gadzhikadiyev","missing":""}}}}
part_xaa/abdisamad_ali_shire
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abdisamad_Ali_Shire","to":"Abdisamad Ali Shire"}],"pages":{"31421193":{"pageid":31421193,"ns":0,"title":"Abdisamad Ali Shire","extract":"Abdisamad Ali Shire Abdisamad Ali Shire (Somali: Cabdisamad Cali Shiire, Arabic: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0631\u064a) is a former Vice President of Puntland. From January 08, 2009 to January 08, 2014, he also served as Somali military service.\n\n\nPersonal life\nShire was born in Taleh, situated in the Sool region. He is from the Dhulbahante sub-division of the Harti Darod clan.\n\n\nVice president of Puntland (madaxweyne ku xigeen-ka Puntland)\n\n\nVice President of Puntland (Madaxweyne ku xigeen-kii Puntland)\n\n\nGarowe Principles\nIn February 2012, Shire and other Somali government officials met in Garowe, Puntland's administrative capital, to discuss post-transition arrangements following the end of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG)'s mandate in August 2012. After extensive deliberations attended by regional actors and international observers, the conference ended in a signed agreement between Puntland President Abdirahman Mohamud Farole, TFG President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, Prime Minister Abdiweli Mohamed Ali, Speaker of Parliament Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden, Galmudug President Mohamed Ahmed Alim and Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a representative Khalif Abdulkadir Noor stipulating that: a) a new 225 member bicameral parliament would be formed, consisting of an upper house seating 54 Senators as well as a lower house; b) 30% of the National Constituent Assembly (NCA) is earmarked for women; c) the President is to be appointed via a constitutional election; and d) the Prime Minister is selected by the President and he/she then names his/her Cabinet. The agreements were known as the Garowe Principles. On 23 June 2012, the Somali federal and regional leaders met again and approved a draft constitution after several days of deliberation. The National Constituent Assembly overwhelmingly passed the new constitution on 1 August, with 96% voting for it, 2% against it, and 2% abstaining.\n\n\nHorseed\nOn 14 November 2012, President Farole announced the launching of his new political party, Horseed. The association counted over 200 members and represented the incumbent Puntland government, including Vice President Shire and the state Ministers. It was the first prospective party to register for an application with the Transitional Puntland Electoral Commission (TPEC).\n\n\nPuntland presidential election (2014)\nIn 2013, Shire ran for a second term as Vice President of the autonomous Puntland state in the northeastern region's 2014 elections. He lost out to Abdihakim Abdullahi Haji Omar.\n\n\nDeath\nOn 20 May 2021, Shire died in Mogadishu. former vice President of Puntland Abdisamad Ali Shire has been buried in the Puntland capital of Garoowe by the President of Puntland Said Abdullahi Deni attended his Funeral.\n\n\nSee also\nAbdirahman Mohamud Farole\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abacetus_lucidulus
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abacetus_lucidulus","to":"Abacetus lucidulus"}],"pages":{"40180708":{"pageid":40180708,"ns":0,"title":"Abacetus lucidulus","extract":"Abacetus lucidulus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Louis P\u00e9ringuey in 1896.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/adaviyar
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"20514342":{"pageid":20514342,"ns":0,"title":"Adaviyar","extract":"Adaviyar (also spelt as Ataviyar) is a Tamil speaking Hindu caste whose traditionally weavers from Thanjavur and Tirunelveli districts.\n\n\nSee Also\nKaikolar\nSaliya\nPadmasali\nDevanga\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/abacetus_crinifer
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Abacetus_crinifer","to":"Abacetus crinifer"}],"pages":{"40180790":{"pageid":40180790,"ns":0,"title":"Abacetus crinifer","extract":"Abacetus crinifer is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Tschitscherine in 1899.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/activity_selection_problem
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Activity_selection_problem","to":"Activity selection problem"}],"pages":{"24598717":{"pageid":24598717,"ns":0,"title":"Activity selection problem","extract":"The activity selection problem is a combinatorial optimization problem concerning the selection of non-conflicting activities to perform within a given time frame, given a set of activities each marked by a start time (si) and finish time (fi). The problem is to select the maximum number of activities that can be performed by a single person or machine, assuming that a person can only work on a single activity at a time. The activity selection problem is also known as the Interval scheduling maximization problem (ISMP), which is a special type of the more general Interval Scheduling problem.\nA classic application of this problem is in scheduling a room for multiple competing events, each having its own time requirements (start and end time), and many more arise within the framework of operations research.\n\n\nFormal definition\nAssume there exist n activities with each of them being represented by a start time si and finish time fi. Two activities i and j are said to be non-conflicting if si \u2265 fj or sj \u2265 fi. The activity selection problem consists in finding the maximal solution set (S) of non-conflicting activities, or more precisely there must exist no solution set S' such that |S'| > |S| in the case that multiple maximal solutions have equal sizes.\n\n\nOptimal solution\nThe activity selection problem is notable in that using a greedy algorithm to find a solution will always result in an optimal solution. A pseudocode sketch of the iterative version of the algorithm and a proof of the optimality of its result are included below.\n\n\nAlgorithm\n\n\nExplanation\nLine 1: This algorithm is called Greedy-Iterative-Activity-Selector, because it is first of all a greedy algorithm, and then it is iterative. There's also a recursive version of this greedy algorithm.\n\n \n \n \n A\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A}\n is an array containing the activities.\n\n \n \n \n s\n \n \n {\\displaystyle s}\n is an array containing the start times of the activities in \n \n \n \n A\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A}\n .\n\n \n \n \n f\n \n \n {\\displaystyle f}\n is an array containing the finish times of the activities in \n \n \n \n A\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A}\n .Note that these arrays are indexed starting from 1 up to the length of the corresponding array.\nLine 3: Sorts in increasing order of finish times the array of activities \n \n \n \n A\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A}\n by using the finish times stored in the array \n \n \n \n f\n \n \n {\\displaystyle f}\n . This operation can be done in \n \n \n \n O\n (\n n\n \u22c5\n log\n \u2061\n n\n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle O(n\\cdot \\log n)}\n time, using for example merge sort, heap sort, or quick sort algorithms.\nLine 4: Creates a set \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n {\\displaystyle S}\n to store the selected activities, and initialises it with the activity \n \n \n \n A\n [\n 1\n ]\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A[1]}\n that has the earliest finish time.\nLine 5: Creates a variable \n \n \n \n k\n \n \n {\\displaystyle k}\n that keeps track of the index of the last selected activity.\nLine 9: Starts iterating from the second element of that array \n \n \n \n A\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A}\n up to its last element.\nLines 10,11: If the start time \n \n \n \n s\n [\n i\n ]\n \n \n {\\displaystyle s[i]}\n of the \n \n \n \n i\n t\n h\n \n \n {\\displaystyle ith}\n activity (\n \n \n \n A\n [\n i\n ]\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A[i]}\n ) is greater or equal to the finish time \n \n \n \n f\n [\n k\n ]\n \n \n {\\displaystyle f[k]}\n of the last selected activity (\n \n \n \n A\n [\n k\n ]\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A[k]}\n ), then \n \n \n \n A\n [\n i\n ]\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A[i]}\n is compatible to the selected activities in the set \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n {\\displaystyle S}\n , and thus it can be added to \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n {\\displaystyle S}\n .\nLine 12: The index of the last selected activity is updated to the just added activity \n \n \n \n A\n [\n i\n ]\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A[i]}\n .\n\n\nProof of optimality\nLet \n \n \n \n S\n =\n {\n 1\n ,\n 2\n ,\n \u2026\n ,\n n\n }\n \n \n {\\displaystyle S=\\{1,2,\\ldots ,n\\}}\n be the set of activities ordered by finish time. Assume that \n \n \n \n A\n \u2286\n S\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A\\subseteq S}\n is an optimal solution, also ordered by finish time; and that the index of the first activity in A is \n \n \n \n k\n \u2260\n 1\n \n \n {\\displaystyle k\\neq 1}\n , i.e., this optimal solution does not start with the greedy choice. We will show that \n \n \n \n B\n =\n (\n A\n \u2216\n {\n k\n }\n )\n \u222a\n {\n 1\n }\n \n \n {\\displaystyle B=(A\\setminus \\{k\\})\\cup \\{1\\}}\n , which begins with the greedy choice (activity 1), is another optimal solution. Since \n \n \n \n \n f\n \n 1\n \n \n \u2264\n \n f\n \n k\n \n \n \n \n {\\displaystyle f_{1}\\leq f_{k}}\n , and the activities in A are disjoint by definition, the activities in B are also disjoint. Since B has the same number of activities as A, that is, \n \n \n \n \n |\n \n A\n \n |\n \n =\n \n |\n \n B\n \n |\n \n \n \n {\\displaystyle |A|=|B|}\n , B is also optimal.\nOnce the greedy choice is made, the problem reduces to finding an optimal solution for the subproblem. If A is an optimal solution to the original problem S containing the greedy choice, then \n \n \n \n \n A\n \n \u2032\n \n \n =\n A\n \u2216\n {\n 1\n }\n \n \n {\\displaystyle A^{\\prime }=A\\setminus \\{1\\}}\n is an optimal solution to the activity-selection problem \n \n \n \n \n S\n \u2032\n \n =\n {\n i\n \u2208\n S\n :\n \n s\n \n i\n \n \n \u2265\n \n f\n \n 1\n \n \n }\n \n \n {\\displaystyle S'=\\{i\\in S:s_{i}\\geq f_{1}\\}}\n .\nWhy? If this were not the case, pick a solution B\u2032 to S\u2032 with more activities than A\u2032 containing the greedy choice for S\u2032. Then, adding 1 to B\u2032 would yield a feasible solution B to S with more activities than A, contradicting the optimality.\n\n\nWeighted activity selection problem\nThe generalized version of the activity selection problem involves selecting an optimal set of non-overlapping activities such that the total weight is maximized. Unlike the unweighted version, there is no greedy solution to the weighted activity selection problem. However, a dynamic programming solution can readily be formed using the following approach:Consider an optimal solution containing activity k. We now have non-overlapping activities on the left and right of k. We can recursively find solutions for these two sets because of optimal sub-structure. As we don't know k, we can try each of the activities. This approach leads to an \n \n \n \n O\n (\n \n n\n \n 3\n \n \n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle O(n^{3})}\n solution. This can be optimized further considering that for each set of activities in \n \n \n \n (\n i\n ,\n j\n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle (i,j)}\n , we can find the optimal solution if we had known the solution for \n \n \n \n (\n i\n ,\n t\n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle (i,t)}\n , where t is the last non-overlapping interval with j in \n \n \n \n (\n i\n ,\n j\n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle (i,j)}\n . This yields an \n \n \n \n O\n (\n \n n\n \n 2\n \n \n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle O(n^{2})}\n solution. This can be further optimized considering the fact that we do not need to consider all ranges \n \n \n \n (\n i\n ,\n j\n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle (i,j)}\n but instead just \n \n \n \n (\n 1\n ,\n j\n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle (1,j)}\n . The following algorithm thus yields an \n \n \n \n O\n (\n n\n log\n \u2061\n n\n )\n \n \n {\\displaystyle O(n\\log n)}\n solution:\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nActivity Selection Problem"}}}}
part_xaa/aaron_brant
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Aaron_Brant","to":"Aaron Brant"}],"pages":{"10975241":{"pageid":10975241,"ns":0,"title":"Aaron Brant","extract":"Aaron Brant (born September 16, 1984 in Dubuque, Iowa) is an American football offensive tackle free agent. He was originally drafted by the Chicago Bears of the National Football League in the seventh round of the 2007 NFL Draft.\n\n\nHigh school career\nBrant attended Wahlert High School in Dubuque, Iowa, where he was named 1st Team All-State as a senior.\n\n\nCollege career\nBrant played college football at Iowa State University. In the 2003 season, Brant played offensive guard before moving to offensive tackle in the 2004 season. Before Brant's final season in 2006, he was ranked among the top 13 offensive tackles in college football by the Sporting News.\n\n\nProfessional career\nPicked in the last round of the 2007 NFL Draft by the Chicago Bears, Brant was waived on August 15, 2007, due to problems with his knees. Brant was the first drafted player to be cut in their first season by General Manager Jerry Angelo. KFFL\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nCornell College"}}}}
part_xaa/adamjee_haji_dawood
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adamjee_Haji_Dawood","to":"Adamjee Haji Dawood"}],"pages":{"27509417":{"pageid":27509417,"ns":0,"title":"Adamjee Haji Dawood","extract":"Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood Bawany (30 June 1880 \u2013 27 January 1948) was a Pakistani businessman and philanthropist who founded Adamjee Group. He was also an activist in the Pakistan Movement.\n\n\nEarly life\nAdamjee Haji Dawood was born in 1880 in Jetpur, Kathiawar, Gujarat in British India in a Memon family. While still in his teens, he ventured out to Burma and started operating as an independent businessman. The first few years of his career were spent in the rice, match-book-making for lighting home stoves and jute trade.\nBy 1922, he had accumulated sufficient resources and a strong presence in the commodities markets, enabling him to set up his first industrial venture \u2013 a match factory in Rangoon. In 1927, he returned to India to establish a jute mill in Calcutta. The Adamjee Jute Mills Limited was the third jute mill to be set up by an Indian and the first Muslim-owned public company in British India. To capture this emerging niche, Adamjee along with Mr. G. D. Birla of Birla Jute, broke into this monopolistic trade controlled by the East India Company until that time.\nHe was also an avid educationist and philanthropist. He was responsible for financing and helping a number of educational institutions in India and Pakistan.\n\n\nAwards and recognition\nIn recognition for his services to his countrymen, the British government knighted him in June 1938.\nThe Government of Pakistan honoured Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood by minting a postage stamp titled 'Pioneers of Freedom' on 14 August 1999.\nAdamjee Government Science College is named after his family.\n\n\nCareer\nBy the 1940s, Dawood had become a prominent figure in the business circles of India and Burma. His recognition was acknowledged by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who became a good friend and appointed him advisor to the freedom movement of the Muslims, which eventually led to the creation of Pakistan. Dawood convinced the entire Memon and many from other Gujarati Muslim communities to migrate to Pakistan. With this vision in mind again at the request of Jinnah, he also established two major institutions along with Mirza Ahmad Ispahani i.e. The Muslim Commercial Bank Limited and the Orient Airways Limited, forerunner of Pakistan International Airlines. The purpose of this was to assist the migration process by providing transport of Muslims to Pakistan and to create banking facilities in the new country, Pakistan.\n\n\nDeath and legacy\nOnce Pakistan was created, Dawood and his sons established businesses in both East (now Bangladesh) & West Pakistan. Following financial difficulties in Pakistan in January 1948, Jinnah invited him to participate in the establishment of the State Bank of Pakistan, it was during this meeting that he suffered a heart attack and later died on the night of 27 January 1948. The founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah stated on his death that his death would leave a vacuum in Muslim business community which would be hard to fill. Jinnah called it a \"National Loss\" to Pakistan and said that Adamjee Haji Dawood was a loyal Muslim and had rendered great service in our struggle for Pakistan.On 27 August 1947, Mohammad Ali Jinnah's finance team approached Adamjee Dawood for help because India had not released the share of funds due to Pakistan. So the newly created country Pakistan was in financial trouble. Adamjee Haji Dawood wrote a 'blank cheque' secured against all his industrial assets and personal wealth which enabled the country to handle its financial crisis successfully.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links"}}}}
part_xaa/acroncosa_minima
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acroncosa_minima","to":"Acroncosa minima"}],"pages":{"34030103":{"pageid":34030103,"ns":0,"title":"Acroncosa minima","extract":"Acroncosa minima is a species of snout moth in the genus Acroncosa. It was described by Herbert H. Neunzig in 2003 and is endemic to the US state of California.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/acrobasis_nigribasalis
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acrobasis_nigribasalis","to":"Acrobasis nigribasalis"}],"pages":{"34107493":{"pageid":34107493,"ns":0,"title":"Acrobasis nigribasalis","extract":"Acrobasis nigribasalis is a species of snout moth in the genus Acrobasis. It is found in Iran.\n\n\nReferences"}}}}
part_xaa/adalin_wichman
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Adalin_Wichman","to":"Adalin Wichman"}],"pages":{"39020859":{"pageid":39020859,"ns":0,"title":"Adalin Wichman","extract":"Adalin Wichman (1922 \u2013 March 10, 2013) was an American sculptor and artist from the U.S. state of Kentucky. Wichman designed the Eclipse Award Trophy in 1971, which are awarded to horses and individuals who have made outstanding contributions to equestrian sport. Her work also included jewelry design, paintings, bronze sculptures, and portraits. Examples of her work can be found in public and private collections worldwide, including the art collection of Queen Elizabeth II, the Kentucky Derby Museum and the Lexington Public Library.\n\n\nLife\nShe was born in Paris, Kentucky, in 1922. She earned her bachelor's degree from the University of Kentucky, graduating magna cum laude. She married her husband, architect William Wichman, and settled in Lexington, Kentucky, where she pursued a career as an artist. She also taught English.Adalin Wichman served as the adverting director for Keeneland, a Kentucky thoroughbred horse racing facility, from 1969 until 1989.In 1971, Keeneland's J.B. Faulconer asked Wichman to create a bronze statuette to serve as the prize for the Thoroughbred Racing Association's Eclipse Award. Wichman based her design for the Eclipse Award Trophy on an 18th-century painting of the undefeated English racehorse, Eclipse. The first Eclipse Awards, featuring Wichman's trophy, was held in 1972 to honor the 1971 racing season.In addition equestrian pieces, Wichman also created other non-equestrian works as well. She created the Foucault pendulum clock, which is displayed in the rotunda of the Lexington Public Library. Wichman designed a two-sided bust of the Kentuckian historian Thomas D. Clark, which is housed at the Lexington History Museum. Her painting of Lucille Caudill Little can be found hanging in the Little Fine Arts Library at the University of Kentucky.Wichman was awarded the Milner Award in 2011, the highest prize awarded by the Kentucky Governor's Awards in the Arts.Adalin Wichman died from a brief illness at her home in Lexington, Kentucky, on March 10, 2013, at the age of 91. She was survived by her two daughters, Adrian and Alison. Her husband, William, died in 2000.\n\n\nReferences\n\n\nExternal links\nPenny Mullinix (2004). \"Happy Mediums\" (PDF). Keeneland Magazine. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 22, 2015. Retrieved August 2, 2013."}}}}
part_xaa/accion_mutante
/tmp/hf-datasets-cache/medium/datasets/85588519093439-config-parquet-and-info-bene-ges-wikipedia_en-11aafb40/downloads/20d0218b2bb6c703bf6ce1f70b8371c77346fec58d61ef78188f822f0ad117db
{"batchcomplete":"","query":{"normalized":[{"from":"Acci\u00f3n_mutante","to":"Acci\u00f3n mutante"}],"pages":{"4579403":{"pageid":4579403,"ns":0,"title":"Acci\u00f3n mutante","extract":"Acci\u00f3n mutante is a 1993 science fiction black comedy film co-written and directed by \u00c1lex de la Iglesia.\n\n\nPlot\nA future post-apocalyptic world is ruled by the good-looking people. A terrorist group of disabled people, who see themselves as mutants, take arms against their oppressors. They plan to rid the world of \"beautiful people\" and superficiality. They are very inept at what they do and mistrust one another. They assassinate body builders, massacre an aerobics class on live TV and blow up a sperm bank as part of their violent campaign.\nLed by their chief Ram\u00f3n Yarritu (Antonio Resines), they plan their final hit before retirement; the kidnap of Patricia Orujo (Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique Feder), the daughter and only heiress of billionaire businessman Lord Orujo (Fernando Guill\u00e9n), the plan involves kidnapping the girl in the middle of her wedding but the scene becomes a massacre when the girl cuts the cake with a large sharp knife puncturing the chest of one of the terrorists that was hidden inside of it, badly hurt he opens the cake top and open fire on the alarmed and unsuspecting attendees, 2 members of the terrorist group are killed in the middle of the fray but the rest manage to flee with Patricia as their hostage. They staple Patricia's lips together with a special electronic device and escape from the police in their spaceship whose disguised as a gigantic fish merchant ship.\nRam\u00f3n, planning to keep the ransom money for himself, hides from the group that the amount set for the exchange is 100 million and declares its only 10 million, the gang accidentally watches a news flash report where the correct amount to be delivered by the girl's family is revealed, the gang gets upset and summons Ram\u00f3n to explain the misinformation but he turns the gang members against each other by convincing them there is a traitor on board the ship and that is part of the crew.\nHis scheme and plot leads to the deaths of all the crewmen/henchmen of the gang seemingly accidentally each time a member was murdered by Ram\u00f3n himself, while killing the last one of the terrorists - Juan (Juan Viadas), who has a siamese twin .. \u00c1lex (\u00c1lex Angulo), he is discovered and a fierce fight starts culminating in the destruction of the guidance system of the ship. They crash on a planet called Axturiax, a brutal and forgotten mining planet inhabited only by male crazed, sex-starved miners because all women had died. Ram\u00f3n and Patricia, who has developed Stockholm syndrome, are captured by miners but manage to escape, but not before they attempt to gang-rape her, \u00c1lex survives the crash too and after he friendlies with a blind experienced miner, he decides to pursue Ram\u00f3n to avenge his death brother and to rescue Patricia, he must drag the attached dead body of his brother Juan around with him for the rest of the film, A planned ransom drop trick by Orujo turns into mayhem, when a portable nuclear device is activated by lord Orujo to wipe clean the whole area, the event is compounded by live TV coverage for the ransom negotiations when \u00c1lex arrives and kills Lord Orujo with a headshot, initiating a dogfight inside the bar that goes to its climax when the police forces join the show and Ram\u00f3n decides to sacrifice himself to allow Patricia escape and survive the bar fight with the police forces outside ... greeting Patricia with a French kiss and \u00c1lex by telling him he is still useless, he uses Lord Orujo mini nuke to evaporate the police army outside entrance while the bar trembles and crumbles due to the mini nuke shockwave.\nWhen the nuclear blast is over \u00c1lex finally gets rid of his siamese twin attached body and finds Patricia hidden below a metal cage that saved her, they hold each other in order to ready a machine gun and get outside the destroyed bar.\n\n\nCast\n\n\nProduction\nA Spain-France co-production, Acci\u00f3n mutante was produced by El Deseo and CIBY 2000. The film was shot in Erandio, Biscay.\n\n\nRelease\nThe film premiered in Bilbao and Madrid on 3 February 1993.\n\n\nReferences\nCitations\nBibliographyBuse, Peter; Triana Toribio, N\u00faria; Willis, Andy (2007). The cinema of \u00c1lex de la Iglesia. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-7136-2.\n\n\nExternal links\nAcci\u00f3n mutante at IMDb\nAcci\u00f3n mutante at AllMovie"}}}}