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100 | Please write an abstract with title: Research On Identification Algorithm Optimization of Raindrop Spectrum Precipitation Phenomena Instruments, and key words: Instruments, Manuals, Land surface temperature, Humidity, Temperature, Optimization, Wind speed. Abstract: Based on the correlation between precipitation phenomena and different meteorological factors, this paper proposes a new optimization algorithm for raindrop spectrum precipitation phenomena instruments applied to national meteorological observation. Raindrop spectrum precipitation phenomena instruments has been formally applied used in China meteorological observation stations for more than two years. Due to the influence of external environment,working principle, and algorithm limitations, obvious misidentification sometimes may occur, and the identification accuracy still needs to be improved. At this stage, it is still necessary to rely on manual observation to correct it, which has become a constraint affecting the automation reform of ground meteorological observation in China. The working principle of the raindrop spectrum precipitation phenomena instruments is based on the measured precipitation particle size and velocity, and the precipitation phenomena is recognized in the Atlas-Ulbrich curve distribution, and combined with air temperature, humidity and visibility factors for quality control, which has its limitations and one-sidedness, a certain number of misidentification data existed in meteorological observation. Precipitation phenomena is a systematic and diverse weather change process, data analysis display it is closely related to air temperature, humidity, visibility, air pressure, wind speed, precipitation,sunshine, ground temperature and cloud, etc. The occurrence of precipitation phenomena corresponds to the change or not changer of relevant meteorological factors. Statistics show that different precipitation phenomena need to meet different meteorological conditions. For example, the meteorological condition of drizzle is “the stability of each factor is strong, the humidity is high, the wind speed is low, the visibility is poor, the precipitation is little and there is no sunshine.” The meteorological condition of hail is “air temperature, humidity and air pressure obviously change, ground temperature obviously drop, poor visibility, high wind speed, high precipitation intensity, no sunshine.” Therefore, based on the existing algorithm of the raindrop spectrum precipitation phenomena instruments, this paper proposes a new identification optimization algorithm for the raindrop spectrum precipitation phenomena instruments used in meteorological observation, and scientifically and rationally introduces meteorological variables for multi-factor comprehensive identification. The algorithm can greatly improve the accuracy of identification, improve the availability and effectiveness of observation data, reduce manual corrections, full meet the needs of weather forecasting, climate analysis, scientific research and meteorological services. |
101 | Please write an abstract with title: Robot Localization in a Pipe Network using a Particle Filter with Error Detection and Recovery in a Hybrid Metric-Topological Space, and key words: Location awareness, Uncertainty, Atmospheric measurements, Measurement uncertainty, Estimation, Robot sensing systems, Particle measurements. Abstract: Estimation of a robot's pose in the constrained environment of a buried pipe network is difficult due to uncertainty in motion, limited and unreliable sensing, and limited computational capability on board the robot. An efficient localization algorithm is described here, along with two novel improvements: the detection of mislocalization using the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the distribution of recent particle filter weights and a distribution learned from data for good algorithm performance, overcoming the problem of low information in each individual set of particle filter weights; and the capability for relocalization, using multi-hypothesis estimation to overcome the problems of limited information in sensing. The algorithm uses the low-dimensional metric-topological space of the pipe network to give efficient performance and to facilitate relocalization. Experimental results show that the localization algorithm is effective and that the presented improvements reduce the chance of unrecoverable mislocalization, therefore improving robustness to error in measurements made by the robot. |
102 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance Analysis of Transmitter Identification Based on I/Q Imbalance Estimation, and key words: I/Q imbalance, proper and improper communications signals, transmitter identification. Abstract: Performance of a transmitter identification method based on I/Q imbalance estimation is analyzed for different modulation types in this work. This analysis is considered on the basis of the constellation structure of proper and improper modulation signals. The effect of impropriety of complex signals on the features obtained from I/Q imbalance is analyzed. Simulation results show that transmitters can be identified with a high accuracy for proper communication signals even at low SNR, whereas the identification performance degrades for improper communications signals, especially at low SNR. |
103 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Deep Detection Technology of Abnormal Behavior of Power Industrial Control System, and key words: Protocols, Industrial control, Process control, Syntactics, Real-time systems, Power systems, Trojan horses. Abstract: With the continuous and in-depth development of smart grid construction, the degree of automation of the power system is rapidly increasing, and the number of grid sensors, the scale of information network and the number of decision-making units have greatly increased. The network security of the power industry control system is facing severe challenges. This paper studies the in-depth analysis technology of real-time interactive protocols of power industrial control systems, captures data packets and analyzes the data packets layer by layer to obtain application layer field data streams, and realizes in-depth analysis of power industrial control system protocols such as IEC104 protocol and IEC61850 protocol. Research on anomaly detection technology of power industrial control system real-time interaction process based on feature matching, and realize the detection of abnormal behaviors of terminals, networks, and host devices through syntactic and semantic analysis and business command analysis, as well as the detection of regular network attack behaviors such as malicious code and virus Trojan horses. |
104 | Please write an abstract with title: Trajectory Analysis Method Based on Video Surveillance Anomaly Detection, and key words: Power demand, Target tracking, Event detection, Urban areas, Streaming media, Video surveillance, Trajectory. Abstract: Video surveillance system monitors potential malicious activities through video images, which is also an important part of city security prevention. In order to improve the application value of video surveillance system, how to change the mode of video surveillance system from post-forensics to active detection and prevention has become the focus of research. Because the suspect often paces back and forth and stays in the crime area abnormally, a large number of potential criminal behaviors can be excavated by extracting the track information of the target. However, video surveillance networks are widely deployed at present and massive data processing needs to consume a lot of manpower and material resources. In order to reduce the power consumption and resource consumption of the monitoring system, a hierarchical scheme based on cascaded RCNN multi-level head and shoulder Detection network (CRDNet) and trajectory analysis method is proposed to solve the abnormal event detection problem. This scheme only needs to analyze the trajectory information of pedestrians without establishing a sample data. Based on CityPersons, a mainstream pedestrian detection dataset, CRDNet achieved an accuracy of 0.73 and a recall rate of 0.65. Finally, this experiment is conducted on the UCF-CRIME dataset for theft events, and the identification accuracy is 81.9%. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can effectively and timely detect the anomaly we are concerned about. |
105 | Please write an abstract with title: Passage: A Wafer-Scale Programmable Photonic Communication Substrate, and key words: Silicon photonics. Abstract: Let’s talk about silicon photonics |
106 | Please write an abstract with title: Tuning Automatic Summarization for Incident Report Visualization, and key words: Training, Human computer interaction, Visualization, Machine learning algorithms, Neural networks, Machine learning, Malware. Abstract: We present a machine learning approach to improve the accuracy of summarized incident report visualizations for cyber security. We extend a recent incident report summarization method by training a Bayesian hierarchical model to optimize the summarization algorithm's weights. We also train a flat model and a neural network as alternative models to compare against our hierarchical model. Summaries generated by our hierarchical model achieve higher accuracy than the other methods, with an AUC 0.2 higher than the unweighted method while achieving comparable summarization size. We further demonstrate that visualizations of the hierarchical model's summaries are at least as useful the unweighted method's summaries, and possibly more useful. |
107 | Please write an abstract with title: Diffraction of electromagnetic waves caused by apertures in absorbing plane screens, and key words: Electromagnetic diffraction, Electromagnetic scattering, Apertures, Magnetic materials, Conducting materials, Electromagnetic radiation, Integral equations, Writing, Shape, Silver. Abstract: The perturbation field caused by holes in a plane, infinitely thin screen of arbitrary material on which electromagnetic radiation is incident, can be split up in two fields, one of which is symmetrical in the tangential components of the electric, the other in those of the magnetic vector. Both fields satisfy equations within the holes which are generalizations of Bethe's conditions for the perfectly conducting screen and which can be used to derive approximate solutions of Kirchhoff type. The solution for a screen which absorbs practically all of the incident radiation is essentially different from Kirchhoff's result for scalar radiation incident on a so-called perfectly absorbing screen. |
108 | Please write an abstract with title: Intelligence and Learning in O-RAN for Data-Driven NextG Cellular Networks, and key words: Cellular networks, Wireless networks, Computer architecture, Reinforcement learning, Real-time systems, Cloud computing, Virtualization. Abstract: Next generation (NextG) cellular networks will be natively cloud-based and built on programmable, virtualized, and disaggregated architectures. The separation of control functions from the hardware fabric and the introduction of standardized control interfaces will enable the definition of custom closed-control loops, which will ultimately enable embedded intelligence and real-time analytics, thus effectively realizing the vision of autonomous and self-optimizing networks. This article explores the disaggregated network architecture proposed by the O-RAN Alliance as a key enabler of NextG networks. Within this architectural context, we discuss the potential, the challenges, and the limitations of data-driven optimization approaches to network control over different timescales. We also present the first large-scale integration of O-RAN-compliant software components with an open source full-stack softwarized cellular network. Experiments conducted on Colosseum, the world's largest wireless network emulator, demonstrate closed-loop integration of real-time analytics and control through deep reinforcement learning agents. We also show the feasibility of radio access network (RAN) control through xApps running on the near-real-time RAN intelligent controller to optimize the scheduling policies of coexisting network slices, leveraging the O-RAN open interfaces to collect data at the edge of the network. |
109 | Please write an abstract with title: A fast power system stabiliser for compressing synchronous generator oscillations, and key words: Power systems, Synchronous generators, Power system stability, Fuzzy logic, Power system simulation, Control systems, Damping, Thyristors, Torque, Regulators. Abstract: This paper presents a new approach to design power system stabiliser (PSS) for the enhancement of synchronous generator oscillations. Conventional PSS design heavily requires specific knowledge and expert's experience, whereas the proposed approach is more systematic. It contains and is aided by the Genetic Algorithms (GAs). At the end of this paper, computer simulations of the PSS incorporated with a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) power system would demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. |
110 | Please write an abstract with title: Interpreting Dieter Rams's Design Concept from Apple Products, and key words: Roads, Education, Random access memory, Companies, Product development, Product design, Information management. Abstract: By expounding the “ten principles of good design” proposed by Dieter Rams, and comparing the application of these principles in Braun's series of products and Apple's series of products, to demonstrate that Dieter Rams's design philosophy is effective The huge impact of Apple's product development. At the same time, from the three directions of humanized design, innovative design and minimalist design in modern design, we analyze the inheritance and continuation of Dietrams' design philosophy in Apple's product design process over the past 30 years. This highlights the great influence and value of Dieter Rams' design philosophy on modern design. |
111 | Please write an abstract with title: Internal Preload Control of redundantly actuated Parallel Manipulators - Backlash avoiding Control, and key words: Manipulator dynamics, Kinematics, Force control, Open loop systems, Parallel robots, Actuators, Feeds, Fasteners, Mechatronics, Chemical technology. Abstract: Redundant actuation of parallel manipulators admits internal forces without generating end-effector forces (preload). Preload can be controlled in order to prevent backlash during the manipulator motion. Such controlis based on the inverse dynamics. The general solution of the inverse dynamics of redundantly actuated parallel manipulators is given. For the special case of simple over actuation an explicit solution is derived in terms of a single preload parameter. With this formulation a computational effcient open-loop preload control is developed and applied to the elimination of backlash. Its simplicity makes it applicable in real-time applications. The approach is exemplified for a planar 4RRR manipulator. |
112 | Please write an abstract with title: Unnatural Human Motion Detection using Weakly Supervised Deep Neural Network, and key words: Training, Surveillance, Neural networks, Feature extraction, Data models, Anomaly detection, Videos. Abstract: Analyzing human behavior from surveillance videos can help improve public safety. Anomaly detection from time-series data is effective in facilitating this technique, and various methods based on statistical, machine learning, and deep learning techniques have been proposed. In particular, deep neural network (DNN) based methods are attracting attention because of their expressive power and ease of implementation. However, in order to apply a DNN model to time-series data analysis, it is necessary to train the DNN with a large amount of data. This not only requires time-series data obtained from an actual system but also requires data labels that describe data abnormalities. This implies a large amount of data preparation and manual annotation by humans. It is not only time consuming but also difficult to annotate data with unclear definitions, such as unnatural human behavior. In this paper, we propose a DNN model in order to automatically extract abnormal features with unclear definitions that are hidden in time-series data. We adopt a weakly supervised training method by devising a loss function to optimize the DNN model. Through experiments, we confirm that the proposed approach can be used to detect and quantify the degree of outliers in time-series data. Furthermore, unnatural human motion can be detected by applying the proposed method. |
113 | Please write an abstract with title: Low-density parity-check codes with rates very close to the capacity of the q-ary symmetric channel for large q, and key words: Parity check codes, Decoding, Tornadoes, Electronic mail, Computer errors, Error probability, Algorithm design and analysis, High definition video, Computer networks, Computational efficiency. Abstract: Transmission of packets over computer networks is subject to packet-level errors, which appear as "bursts" of bit-level errors and are not well modeled by memoryless binary channels. A standard scrambling technique is used for transmission of packets by the q-ary symmetric channel (q-SC) with alphabet size q and error probability p. Furthermore, significant improvements in computational efficiency can be obtained by codes that operate at the packet-level instead of the bit-level. The capacity of the q-SC is 1+p log/sub q/ (p)+(1-p)log/sub q/ (1-p)-plog/sub q/ (1-q), which is close to 1-p for large q. First designed an efficient decoding algorithm for LDPC codes on the q-SC, and showed that it can afford rates arbitrarily close to 1-2p. We improve the analysis of this decoding algorithm to show that LDPC codes with the Tornado edge distribution, together with an erasure precode, can achieve rates e-close to capacity. We also extend this decoder into a family of decoding algorithms, which become progressively more powerful but also more complex. We show that in the limit, when the decoder is allowed to look infinitely deep into the decoding tree, it can achieve capacity without precoding. However computational requirements make this decoder impractical. |
114 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of an integrated microelectrode/microelectronic device for brain implantable neuroengineering applications, and key words: Microelectrodes, Microelectronics, Neural engineering, Brain, Silicon, CMOS integrated circuits, Hybrid integrated circuits, Preamplifiers, Bonding, Integrated circuit measurements. Abstract: An ultra-low power analog CMOS chip and a silicon based microelectrode array have been fully integrated to a microminiaturized "neuroport" for brain implantable neuroengineering applications. The CMOS IC included preamplifier and multiplexing circuitry, and a hybrid flip-chip bonding technique was developed to fabricate a functional , encapsulated microminiaturized neuroprobe device. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we have measured local field potentials from thalamocortical brain slices of rats, suggesting that the new neuroport can form a prime platform for the development of a microminiaturized neural interface to the brain in a single implantable unit. |
115 | Please write an abstract with title: Spherical-Orthogonal-Symmetric Haar Wavelet for Driver's Visual Detection, and key words: Iris recognition, Feature extraction, Surface waves, Gabor filters, Image reconstruction, Pupils, Information filters. Abstract: This work proposes a spherical-orthogonal-symmetric Haar wavelet to decompose and reconstruct spherical iris signals to obtain stronger geometric features of iris surface. It compares its feature extraction abilities of spherical harmonics, semi-orthogonal and nearly orthogonal spherical Haar wavelet. The developed spherical-orthogonal-symmetric Haar wavelet with a convolutional neural network is also proposed for drivers’ iris recognition. It can effectively capture the local fine features of iris spherical surface, and has stronger ability of iris recognition than semi-orthogonal or nearly orthogonal spherical Haar wavelet bases. |
116 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of Ray-Tracing and Reverse Monte-Carlo Methods: Application to GEO orbit, and key words: Space vehicles, Geometry, Monte Carlo methods, Satellites, Europe, Ray tracing, Orbits. Abstract: Ray-Tracing and Reverse Monte-Carlo are the two most widely used methods to estimate the dose at component level for space applications. The Ray-Tracing method is fast but presents intrinsic limitations while the Reverse Monte-Carlo method is more precise but more time consuming. In the frame of the ESA GTREFF project, a statistical comparison between these two methods has been performed, based on realistic satellite models for GEO orbit and using FASTRAD®. Results are presented and analyzed. |
117 | Please write an abstract with title: Enhancing reliability of RTL controller-datapath circuits via Invariant-based concurrent test, and key words: Circuit testing, Circuit faults, Hardware, Application specific integrated circuits, Signal processing algorithms, Logic testing, Automatic test pattern generation, Built-in self-test, Signal design, Digital signal processing. Abstract: We present a low-cost concurrent test methodology for enhancing the reliability of RTL controller-datapath circuits, based on the notion of path invariance. The fundamental observation supporting the proposed methodology is that the inherent transparency behavior of RTL components, typically utilized for hierarchical off-line test, renders rich sources of invariance within a circuit. Furthermore, additional sources of invariance are obtained by examining the algorithmic interaction between the controller, and the datapath of the circuit. A judicious selection & combination of modular transparency functions, based on the algorithm implemented by the controller-datapath pair, yields a powerful set of invariant paths in a design. Compliance to the invariant behavior is checked whenever the latter is activated. Thus, such paths enable a simple, yet very efficient concurrent test capability, achieving fault security in excess of 90% while keeping the hardware overhead below 40% on complicated, difficult-to-test, sequential benchmark circuits. By exploiting fine-grained design invariance, the proposed methodology enhances circuit reliability, and contributes a low-cost concurrent test direction, applicable to general RTL circuits. |
118 | Please write an abstract with title: Mechanically Reconfigurable Phase Shifter for Switched-Beam Applications in mm-Waves, and key words: Couplings, Phase shifters, Switches, Bandwidth, New Radio, Microwave theory and techniques, Manufacturing. Abstract: This paper presents the development of a 1x8 mechanically reconfigurable phase shifter for 5G New Radio (NR) switched-beam applications. A waveguide-based 1x4 power splitter is proposed to feed four semi-circular-shaped waveguides with 8 output ports. The angular position for coupling the power splitter and the circular-shaped waveguides (γ) leads to the reconfigurable phase shifting. The proposed structure is capable to provide a phase difference between two consecutive output ports approximately fixed as Δφ for every angular coupling position and a linearly and continuously variation of Δφ from 0° to 180° by properly managing the circular-shaped waveguide. |
119 | Please write an abstract with title: Use of test procedures for resin tank maintenance, and key words: Testing, Resins, Solvents, Stability, Manufacturing, Dielectrics and electrical insulation, Monitoring, Chemicals, Electric resistance, Thermal resistance. Abstract: The performance of resins for electrical insulation systems over time is dependent on the stability of the resin. There are standardized tests that can be performed to monitor the resin and adjust it, as necessary, to maintain resin integrity. This paper will discuss some of the tests that are most commonly utilized in the industry, as well as discussion of the meaning of the results of these tests. The resin manufacturer should be consulted prior to any adjustments to the tank of resin |
120 | Please write an abstract with title: 60559-2020 - ISO/IEC/IEEE International Standard - Floating-point arithmetic, and key words: IEEE Standards, IEC Standards, ISO Standards, Floating point arithmetic. Abstract: This international standard specifies interchange and arithmetic formats and methods for binary and decimal floating-point arithmetic in computer programming environments. This standard specifies exception conditions and their default handling. An implementation of a floating-point system conforming to this standard may be realized entirely in software, entirely in hardware, or in any combination of software and hardware. For operations specified in the normative part of this standard, numerical results and exceptions are uniquely determined by the values of the input data, sequence of operations, and destination formats, all under user control. |
121 | Please write an abstract with title: An Optimized Decentralized Power Sharing Strategy for Wind Farm De-Loading, and key words: Rotors, Wind turbines, Wind farms, Transient analysis, Power control, Fans, Steady-state. Abstract: Many centralized and distributed power sharing algorithms have been proposed in the literature for de-loading operations in wind farms with variable speed wind turbines. Typically, in these strategies, two-way communications are required between the control center and the single turbines, or among the turbines. This paper solves the same problem in a truly decentralized fashion, which only requires a greatly reduced amount of one-way communications, without exchanging information among the turbines, and shows that an optimal solution can be obtained to minimize utility functions of interest of single wind turbines. In particular, we consider utility functions that take into account mechanical fluctuations and rotor over-speeds during transient, while balancing the utilization of wind turbines at steady-state operations. This is achieved by adopting the so-called Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) algorithms, which are frequently used in communication applications, for solving the power sharing problem in a decentralized fashion. Extensive simulations under different working conditions, on wind farms consisting of wind turbines of different mechanical characteristics, are provided to illustrate the potential and the efficiency of the proposed methodology. |
122 | Please write an abstract with title: MaskOut: A Data Augmentation Method for Masked Face Recognition, and key words: Deep learning, COVID-19, Computer vision, Pandemics, Face recognition, Computational modeling, Conferences. Abstract: Deep learning methods have achieved great performances in face recognition. However, the performances of deep learning methods deteriorate in case of wearing a mask. Recently, due to the world-wide COVID-19 pandemic, masked face recognition attracts more attention. It is non-trivial and urgent to improve the performances in masked face recognition. In this work, a simple and effective data augmentation method, named MaskOut, is proposed. MaskOut replaces a random region below the nose of a face with a random mask template to mask out original face features. Our method is computing and memory efficient and convenient to combine with other methods. The experimental results show that the performances in masked face recognition are improved by a large margin with MaskOut. Besides, we construct a real-life masked face dataset, named MCPRL-Mask, to evaluate the performance of masked face recognition models. |
123 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of Personal RF-EMF radiation exposure within Public Transportation Buses, and key words: Wireless communication, Smart cities, System integration, Transceivers, Regulation, Topology, Public transportation. Abstract: The advent of context aware environments within the implementation of Smart Cities and Smart Regions is supported by communication systems integrated within elements such as Intelligent Transportation Systems. In this paper, the impact of wireless communication system integration within public transportation buses will be analyzed, in order to assess regulatory compliance as well as to identify potential issues such as hot-spot location due to user density and wireless system usage. |
124 | Please write an abstract with title: Rolling Optimization Operation Strategy of Energy Storage System Considering Multiple Application Scenarios, and key words: Renewable energy sources, Costs, Prediction algorithms, Dispatching, Power grids, Voltage control, Optimization. Abstract: As the proportion of renewable energy in the power system continues to increase, energy storage is widely used in the grid to absorb renewable energy. However, the traditional energy storage operation strategy is less efficient. To improve the utilization rate of energy storage, this paper proposes a method for the energy storage system (ESS) to participate in the joint operation of multiple application scenarios after participating in the grid dispatching and establishes an optimal operation model for day-ahead and intra-day. In the day-ahead stage, dispatching plan with the goal of minimizing power grid operation cost is made, and the ESS’s output plan is made based on the electricity price while considering the aging cost of battery; Then, the remaining capacity of ESS participates in bidding in the energy market, frequency regulation market, and reserve market; In the intra-day stage, dispatching is based on the Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm considering the constraint of the ESS’s day-ahead bid value. In this model, the market bid value of ESS is more effectively used compared with the classic MPC algorithm. Case studies are carried out on the IEEE33 bus system, the result verifies the economy and effectiveness of the proposed model. |
125 | Please write an abstract with title: Harmonic generation and superthermal tail formation during beam-plasma interaction, and key words: Frequency conversion, Tail, Power system harmonics, Kinetic theory, Nonlinear equations, Power generation, Plasma waves, Electrons, Resonance, Probability distribution. Abstract: Summary form only given, as follows. The quasi power-law spectrum associated with the Langmuir turbulence is explained in terms of the generation of harmonics of the Langmuir mode, which are nonlinear eigenmodes of a turbulent plasma. It is shown that the saturated wave spectrum is made of multiple harmonic peaks, which form a quasi power-law profile. The formation of energetic electrons can readily be explained if the nonlinear correction to the particle kinetic equation is included. The new kinetic equation has an extra hyper-diffusion term in addition to the customary diffusion term. The hyper-diffusion term, which is represented by a fourth-order velocity derivative, is dictated by a nonlinear wave-particle resonance condition. It is shown that the presence of the new hyper-diffusion term leads to the superthermal tail in the distribution. |
126 | Please write an abstract with title: A Pilot Study of Thermal Effect of Low-intensity Focused Ultrasound on Blood Pressure Modulation, and key words: Heart rate, Temperature measurement, Heating systems, In vivo, Ultrasonic imaging, Heat treatment, Modulation. Abstract: Our recent study showed that low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation (FUS) of the vagus nerve is capable of lowering blood pressure (BP). However, it remains unknown that what is the underlying mechanisms of BP modulation with FUS. In our preliminary experiments, we noticed that there was temperature elevation accompanied the FUS. Thus, to verify whether the thermal effect of ultrasound contributes in the BP-lowering effect, this study compared the BP response under the FUS (with thermal effect and mechanical effect) and the alternative heating source treatment (AHST) (with thermal effect only) of left vagus nerve. Six Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (FUS, n=3 and AHST, n=3). In vivo temperature measurements were conducted to evaluate the heating performance of the FUS and the AHST. Blood pressure (BP) waveform was continuously recorded from the right common artery and was used for analyzing systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean BP (MBP), and heart rate (HR). The results showed that the SBP, DBP, MBP and HR decreased during the 15-min FUS. However, most of the SBP, DBP, MBP and HR increased during the 15-min AHST, which had the approximate temperature elevation of the FUS. Thus, the thermal effect of ultrasound probably does not contribute in the BP-lowering effect induced by low-intensity FUS of the vagus nerve. |
127 | Please write an abstract with title: Parametric adaptive VMD method and its applications on early fault diagnosis for rolling bearing, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Algorithms, Rolling bearings, Virtual reality, Indexes, Intelligent systems, Optimization. Abstract: This paper proposes an improved parametric adaptive variational mode decomposition (VMD) method, in view of the problem with the traditional VMD method in defining parameters the mode number K and the penalty parameter α. First, taking fault impacts and periodicity into consideration, this paper adopts the Gini index and spectrum peak ratio (SPR) index as the basis to construct a weighted spectrum peak ratio (WSPR) index. After that, it takes the maximization of the WSPR index as the optimization objective, using the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) to find the optimal parameter combination for K and α, and avoids the disadvantages of subjective parameters selection. Finally, it follows the maximum WSPR principle to automatically select a sensitive intrinsic mode function (IMF) and extract fault characteristics via envelope demodulation analysis. The proposed method is verified through experimental signal. As shown by the results, this method can effectively extract weak characteristics of early fault signals and offer the accurate judgment of fault types. |
128 | Please write an abstract with title: Information Extraction of Domain-Specific Business Documents with Limited Data, and key words: Training, Adaptation models, Transfer learning, Training data, System recovery, Information retrieval, Data models. Abstract: Information extraction is a key corner-stone in the digitization of office data which requires the conversion of unstructured to structured data. However, in the actual application to business cases, there is a big deadlock to adapt common extraction systems to domain-specific documents due to the limitation of preparation of training data. To overcome this issue, we introduce a model, which employs pre-trained language models with a customized CNN layer for domain adaptation. The model is validated on three Japanese domain-specific and two benchmark machine reading comprehension data sets (SQuADs). Experimental results confirm that our model achieves promising results which are applicable for actual business scenarios. |
129 | Please write an abstract with title: In-Vehicle Network Intrusion Detection System Based on Bi-LSTM, and key words: Training, Correlation, Time series analysis, Linear regression, Network intrusion detection, Bidirectional control, Signal processing. Abstract: In order to improve the accuracy of in-vehicle network anomaly detection by using the time correlation between CAN messages, this paper proposes an intrusion detection system based on Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) network, and designed a sliding window strategy, Time series linear regression was performed on the real vehicle-mounted message data set to determine the sliding window of the optimal time length. The two-dimensional input data sample set is constructed according to the determined sliding window, and the two-dimensional data feature training classifier is learned by BILSTM network, and the trained network model is used to realize intrusion detection. In this experiment, four data sets were used to verify the detection performance. Compared with the existing research methods, the detection accuracy of the four data sets increased by 5.3%, 3.8%, 2% and 3.3% on average. |
130 | Please write an abstract with title: Switched-Capacitor Boost Converter for Low Step-Up Applications, and key words: Semiconductor device measurement, Power measurement, Simulation, Prototypes, Switches, Mathematical models, Topology. Abstract: The paper presents a new switched-capacitor step-up dc-dc converter which exhibits smooth output current and employs one active switch and four diodes. Compared to classical boost converter, at the same duty cycle, the proposed topology has a lower conversion ratio, thus being suitable for applications where a small step-up of the input voltage is required. The measured efficiency of about 90% over a wide duty cycle range is another feature of this new converter. As the topology belongs to the switched-capacitor family, for the first time the dc analysis is extended to the situation when unequal capacitor values are assumed. The main equations and the semiconductor stresses are evaluated. An experimental prototype of this new converter was first simulated and then practically tested and the results confirmed the theoretical considerations. |
131 | Please write an abstract with title: Interlimb differences in trajectory and positional control mechanisms, and key words: Feedback, Control systems, Load management, Acceleration, Elbow, Trajectory, Space vector pulse width modulation, Fingers, Biomedical engineering, Educational institutions. Abstract: Previous findings suggest that movement trajectory and final position are specified and controlled differentially by the dominant and nondominant limb/hemisphere systems. In the current studies, we examine interlimb differences in trajectory planning and feedback mediated positional control mechanisms. The first study examines load compensation responses, whereas, the second study examines control of movements made to a range of distances. In the first study, the nondominant arm showed substantially better response to load compensation, whereas, the dominant arm over-compensated the effects of the load, producing a large and systematic overshoot of final position. In the second study, dominant arm movement amplitude was well predicted by peak acceleration, reflecting pre-planning of movement distance. However, nondominant arm peak accelerations did not predict movement distance well. Instead, the duration of acceleration varied systematically with peak velocity and movement amplitude. These findings suggest that the nondominant and dominant controllers specify and control movement distance through distinct mechanisms, the former utilizing a pulse-height strategy, and the latter using a pulse-width strategy. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that the dominant arm system is specialized for feedforward control of trajectory, and the nondominant system, for feedback mediated control of final limb posture. |
132 | Please write an abstract with title: Electronic tuning of a dye laser with simultaneous multiple-wavelength output, and key words: Laser tuning, Optical beams, Optimized production technology, Optical mixing, Diffraction gratings, Nonlinear optics, Laser beams, Power lasers, Tunable circuits and devices, Bragg gratings. Abstract: Rapid simultaneous multiple-wavelength tuning of a dye laser has been achieved electronically by inserting an acoustooptic beam deflector inside the laser cavity. A beam deflector and diffraction grating combination serve as the tuning element. By applying multiple-RF signals to the acoustooptic deflector, multiple-wavelength operation is readily obtained. |
133 | Please write an abstract with title: Segmentation of biomedical images with eigenvectors, and key words: Image segmentation, Biomedical imaging, Electron beams, Electron microscopy, Pixel, Histograms, Computed tomography, Biomedical measurements, Image edge detection, Joining processes. Abstract: We propose the use of eigenvectors for automated multidimensional image segmentation. The approach of Shi and Malik (1997) has been extended in three dimensions and applied on biomedical data from electron microscopy and electron beam computed tomography. The approach exploits different similarity criteria, e.g. proximity and gray level similarity. Theory, implementation, parameter setting and results are discussed in detail. The method turns out be a powerful tool for visualization, with the potential for developing further affinity measurements adapted to specific applications. |
134 | Please write an abstract with title: White Paper - The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Extended Reality (XR) Report--Business, Finance, and Economics, and key words: AI, artificial intelligence, business models, ethics, groundwork, Industry Connections, socio-technological, standardization, virtual reality, white paper, XR. Abstract: The scope of this report is the exploration of ethics-related issues in XR business models, and the aim is to initiate expert-driven, multidiscipline analysis of the evolving XR Ethics requirements, with a vision to propose solutions, technologies, and standards in future updates. The set of recommendations within this report will hopefully contribute to industry conceptualization of socio-technological issues, highlight concreted recommendations, and lay the groundwork for future technical-standardization activities. |
135 | Please write an abstract with title: DTV lip-sync test using time-indexed audio and video signals without effect on program, and key words: Digital TV, Frequency synchronization, System testing, Time measurement, Decoding, Delay, Video sequences, TV broadcasting, Test equipment, Indexing. Abstract: A new lip-synchronization (lip-sync) test method using audio and video signals for DTV is presented. The proposed method does not interfere with or have any effect on the program being broadcast, as the time-indexed lip-sync test signals (TILTS) are embedded in a hidden region. The video TILTS is embedded into transient effect areas outside the active pixel region, making it invisible on-screen. Experimental results confirm that the time difference between audio and video signals can be easily measured at any time from the TILTS in the decoder outputs. |
136 | Please write an abstract with title: Road Identification Algorithm for Remote Sensing Images Based on Wavelet Transform and Recursive Operator, and key words: Image edge detection, Roads, Remote sensing, Image segmentation, Wavelet transforms, Noise reduction. Abstract: Road edge detection from remote sensing images, as an important ground object type, plays an important role in people’s life and travel and urban planning and development, and extracting road information from remote sensing images has practical scientific value and practical significance. However, with the development of remote sensing technology, while the resolution of remote sensing images is improved, the information describing ground objects becomes more and more abundant, and the difficulty of identifying and extracting road information is also increased. In the process of acquiring remote sensing images, the actual system is subjected to various kinds of noise interference. Different environmental interference and system defects will introduce noises with completely different distribution and statistical characteristics to remote sensing images. Aiming at the problem that the detection effect of traditional algorithms becomes worse due to the influence of noise on remote sensing images, a wavelet transform denoising method and morphological gradient operator are proposed. By selecting appropriate structural elements of remote sensing images, noise pixels cannot participate in morphological calculation, and the noise intensity changes with the size of quantum superposition state structural elements. Therefore, a morphological gradient operator is established and applied to edge detection of remote sensing images. Finally, the experimental results show that the method proposed in this article is better than other directions in terms of effect through road edge detection and matching. This method can effectively reduce noise. Compared with other algorithms, the method proposed in this article has certain advantages. |
137 | Please write an abstract with title: SONICmole: a debugging environment for the UltraSONIC reconfigurable computer, and key words: Field programmable gate arrays, Hardware, Software systems, Microprocessors, Software debugging, Application software, Logic design, Reconfigurable logic, Performance analysis, Software packages. Abstract: Reconfigurable Computers based on a combination of conventional microprocessors and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) presents new challenges to designers. Debugging on such hardware/software cohabiting systems can be a nightmare. This paper presents SONICmole, a debugging environment designed for the UltraSONIC reconfigurable computer, which is designed specifically for real-time video applications. The window-based integrated debugging environment includes a hardware debug module (the "mole") that performs the function of a logic analyzer, embedded within the FPGA design, and an easy-to-use software package that facilitates such a hardware/software system. The resource overhead of the hardware module is only 4% of a Virtex XVC 1000 FPGA. The approach reported here is not limited to the UltraSONIC architecture, and can easily be modified for other reconfigurable computers. |
138 | Please write an abstract with title: Computation of Bit-Error Probability Using the Trapezoidal Integration Rule, and key words: Additive noise, Intersymbol interference, Fading, Integral equations, Digital communication, Random variables, Error analysis, Density functional theory, Gaussian approximation, Probability. Abstract: It is shown in this paper that bit-error probabilities for some typical digital communication systems can be accurately and efficiently evaluated using the elementary trapezoidal integration rule. Examples involving intersymbol interference and a Rayleigh fading channel are worked. |
139 | Please write an abstract with title: TDOA-based Position Verification of ADS-B Information Using a Sensor Network, and key words: Location awareness, Transmitters, Time difference of arrival, Surveillance, Receivers, Market research, Safety. Abstract: Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is an established surveillance technology providing receivers with aircraft state information including aircraft position (Mode S). However, this position data might be imprecise or even spoofed. Drawing the attention of an air traffic controller to aircraft sending false position data could enhance situational awareness, at the same time reduce work load, and increase general aviation safety. In this paper, we investigate the position verification together with localization of ADS-B transmitters using time difference of arrival (TDOA) methods based on a synchronized sensor network to validate ADS-B position information. |
140 | Please write an abstract with title: Machine Learning based Classification for Fire and Smoke Images Recognition, and key words: Support vector machines, Machine learning algorithms, Image recognition, Convolution, Heuristic algorithms, Supervised learning, Neural networks. Abstract: Fires have become a more serious hazard to people's lives, property, and environment. Compared with the traditional techniques of fire detection, image technologies play a very promising role to overcome the problem of high false alarm rate. However, a major issue with these methods is their fastidious and long-time generation. In fact, the implemented algorithms are often produced using multi-feature technique, including chromatic characteristics, dynamic features, texture features and contour features. Therefore, we provide, in this paper, a study of some supervised machine learning algorithm for fire and smoke images recognition, and we compare it to a proposed model based on convolution neural network (CNN) algorithm. To do this, we consider a proper database composed by a total of 28334 images classified into three categories: 7329 fire images, 9205 smoke images and 11800 other images. |
141 | Please write an abstract with title: Two-Dimensional In-Plane Strain FSS-Based Sensor, and key words: Frequency selective surfaces, Two dimensional displays, Measurement uncertainty, Resonant frequency, Electric variables measurement, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Strain measurement. Abstract: Frequency selective surface (FSS) based sensors have found application as sensors in the last decade. In this paper, a new sensor design is proposed for two-dimensional in-plane strain sensing. The unit cell of the FSS-based sensor includes two slot dipoles, oriented normal to one another and each with different dimensions, to create two unique resonant frequencies when interrogated with an incident electric field normal to the direction of measured strain. In this way, 2D strain can be characterized concurrently and independently. The error due to strain orthogonal to the direction of interest, along with the error due to the presence of shear strain, has also been characterized. The sensor has a maximum of 12% error for an applied strain due to 4% strain orthogonal to the measurement direction, and no more than 8% error for a maximum of 4% of shear strain. |
142 | Please write an abstract with title: Liftoff Dielectric Resonator for the Microwave Surface Resistance Measurement of Metal Plates, and key words: Dielectrics, Dielectric measurement, Loss measurement, Surface resistance, Electrical resistance measurement, Surface impedance, Mathematical model. Abstract: A new method for accurate measurement of the microwave surface resistance of flat metal plates is proposed and verified experimentally, based on a sapphire dielectric resonator. System losses are accounted for by having continuous and controlled variation of the distance between the dielectric and the sample under test. |
143 | Please write an abstract with title: Team-based multi-agent system for early detection of adverse drug reactions in postmarketing surveillance, and key words: Multiagent systems, Drugs, Surveillance, Collaboration, Information analysis, Problem-solving, Intelligent agent, Humans, Decision making, Fuzzy logic. Abstract: Discovering unknown adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in postmarketing surveillance as early as possible is highly desirable. In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has provided Web-based forms for spontaneous reporting of possible ADRs. Nevertheless, the process of analyzing and interpreting the reports, collecting additional relevant information, and drawing reliable conclusions requires collaboration between experts with different and complimentary skills (e.g., epidemiologists, biostatisticians, pharmacists and physicians). Multi-agent systems have been shown to be a promising approach for tackling distributed problem solving, especially when data sources and knowledge are distributed, and coordination and collaboration are required. Hence, we propose a team-based multi-agent framework for early detection of ADRs. In this framework, intelligent agents assist a team of experts based on a human decision making model called recognition-primed decision (RPD). Fuzzy logic is used to determine the degree of similarity for retrieving experience in the RPD model. We describe our preliminary system design and illustrate its potential benefits for assisting FDA expert teams in early detection of previously unknown ADRs. |
144 | Please write an abstract with title: CRCLoc: A Crowdsourcing-Based Radio Map Construction Method for WiFi Fingerprinting Localization, and key words: Databases, Crowdsourcing, Trajectory, Wireless fidelity, Legged locomotion, Location awareness, Fingerprint recognition. Abstract: The WiFi-based fingerprint indoor-positioning system has attracted increasing interest from industry and academia, benefiting from the widespread deployment of the wireless local area network (WLAN) infrastructure. However, with the expansion of application scenarios, this system suffers from labor-intensive work for received signal strength (RSS) fingerprint construction. In this article, we propose a crowdsourcing-based radio map construction method and trajectory matching algorithm to solve the time-consuming preliminary fingerprint data collection in the offline phase, where the tedious collection work is replaced by the massive crowdsourcing sensor data. First, the latent information of the map is extracted by using some image processing methods, and all possible routes are obtained simultaneously with the depth-first traversal method. Then, considering the strict restrictions on walking in indoor environments, the crowdsourcing trajectories are produced by matching the result of pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) with the candidate routes based on the Shape Context algorithm. Further, a crowdsourcing trajectory can be represented by uniformly distributed reference points based on step detection, and each point corresponds to a unique RSS of access points (APs). Since such a fingerprint construction method can be performed while smartphone holders are moving and not aware of their actual positions, it can be referred to the dynamic construction method of the radio map. The real scenario experiments reveal that the proposed solution can significantly reduce the time and manpower consumption to build the radio map. Moreover, compared with traditional schemes, our crowdsourcing-based radio map construction method for the WiFi fingerprinting localization (CRCLoc) system can improve the accuracy and robustness of the indoor-positioning results. |
145 | Please write an abstract with title: Federated Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Task Allocation in Vehicular Fog Computing, and key words: Training, Privacy, Computational modeling, Heuristic algorithms, Dynamic scheduling, Numerical models, Resource management. Abstract: The advancement of Internet of Vehicles has brought out various vehicular applications, and some of the applications are computation-intensive or delay-sensitive. Vehicular fog computing (VFC) can provide low-latency computing service, where vehicles can share their idle computing resource among each other. However, due to the high dynamic vehicular environment, both the vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication link and onboard idle computing resource are time-variant. How to ensure the efficiency of V2V computation offloading under such environment is one main challenge. In this work, we design a multi-task offloading model that considers the dynamic of V2V communication link and the computing resource allocation in vehicles. In order to make the policy of task offloading adapt to the dynamic environment, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based V2V computation offloading algorithm. Moreover, the experiences of computation offloading in a single vehicle is generally limited, and the training process consumes much energy and time. To reduce the workload of model training in vehicles and protect the privacy of vehicles in terms of computation offloading, we further propose a federated DRL algorithm based on double deep Q-network (DDQN), where the DDQN model is trained cooperatively in multiple vehicles. The numerical simulation results validate the convergence of the proposed federated DDQN algorithm, and reveal that the proposed algorithm is more efficient in computation offloading compared with other baseline algorithms. |
146 | Please write an abstract with title: An Analytical Review on Data Privacy and Anonymity in “Internet of Things (IoT) Enabled Services”, and key words: Privacy, Scalability, Buildings, Focusing, Data protection, Data models, Complexity theory. Abstract: Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology, spreading all over the world so the number of devices is increasing day by day. So, the volume and data complexity has increased drastically in the past three years. The resultant system might contain a significant number of heterogeneous devices, posing integration and scalability issues that must be addressed. In such a situation, security and privacy are commonly regarded as a significant concern. On the other hand, user privacy, defined as the capacity to provide data protection and anonymity, must be protected, which is especially important when personal and/or sensitive information is involved. This paper presents the comprehensive survey, characteristics, and application of IoT and the immense number of challenges raced and faced during the implementation of IoT frameworks. |
147 | Please write an abstract with title: Defuzzified clustering algorithms derived from the method of entropy-based fuzzy c-means, and key words: Clustering algorithms, Iterative algorithms, Entropy, Stability, Robustness, Covariance matrix, Size control, Fuzzy control, Gaussian distribution, Virtual colonoscopy. Abstract: A class of hard c-means algorithms is derived from 'defuzzifying' objective functions of the entropy-based fuzzy c-means and the KL-information based fuzzy c-means. Namely an entropy term is deleted from the objective functions while other parameters of cluster sizes and covariances are preserved. As a result, the objective function becomes linear with respect to the membership whereby a hard c-means algorithm is derived. Variations of the basic hard c-means algorithms are moreover proposed and reduction of computation using iterative matrix inversion is considered. Numerical examples are shown to compare results of proposed algorithms. Finally, a cluster validity measure is used whereby stability of clusters by different algorithms is compared. |
148 | Please write an abstract with title: Exploring Model-based Failure Prediction of Passive Bio-electro-mechanical Implants, and key words: Biomechanics, Radio frequency, Fluids, Biological system modeling, Implants, Predictive models, Very large scale integration. Abstract: A range of medical issues are treated by simple biomechanical implants to regulate fluid pressure and flow (e.g. valves, shunts). With moving parts in fluid, these implants are vulnerable to biological failures (infection, migration), mechanical failures (clogging, cracking), and parametric failures (change in flow resistance, cracking pressure). Existing biomechanical implants only show failure by clinical symptoms, which may be catastrophic. A means to better observe device behavior and predict failure is necessary. We explore merging biomechanical implants with low-footprint passive electronics, creating bio-electro-mechanical (BEM) devices and thereby allowing external monitoring. Passive feedback signals (RF backscatter) may be interpreted by a model to extract flow parameters and predict failure. A model may be trained by benchtop testing, to correlate direct measurements (flow, pressure) with passive device signals. Benchtop failure simulation (accelerated aging, simulated biofouling) may better train the model for failure prediction. This paper uses long-term pressure/flow testing data from a simple biomechanical device (hydrogel valve for hydrocephalus) as a test case for extracting predictive signals of imminent device failure. |
149 | Please write an abstract with title: Case study: visualizing sets of evolutionary trees, and key words: Computer aided software engineering, Biology computing, Phylogeny, Organisms, Systematics, Evolution (biology), Sequences, Data visualization, Topology, DNA. Abstract: We describe a visualization tool which allows a biologist to explore a large set of hypothetical evolutionary trees. Interacting with such a dataset allows the biologist to identify distinct hypotheses about how different species or organisms evolved, which would not have been clear from traditional analyses. Our system integrates a point-set visualization of the distribution of hypothetical trees with detail views of an individual tree, or of a consensus tree summarizing a subset of trees. Efficient algorithms were required for the key tasks of computing distances between trees, finding consensus trees, and laying out the point-set visualization. |
150 | Please write an abstract with title: Parallel photonics: based on VCSEL and microphotonics array, and key words: Photonics, Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, Microoptics, High speed optical techniques, Biomedical optical imaging, Optical filters, Optical devices, Gallium arsenide, Micromechanical devices, Optical modulation. Abstract: We review the progress of photonic subsystems based upon parallel devices and components such as vertical cavity surface emitting laser and microlens arrays. This concept of ultraparallel formation will become one of key issues in future high speed and wide-band networks as well as large variety of optoelectronics systems. |
151 | Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Directed Grey-box Fuzzer, and key words: Conferences, Process control, Fuzzing, Computer crashes, Flow graphs, Information technology, Testing. Abstract: Grey-box fuzzing is widely used to discover program vulnerabilities. However, most existing grey-box fuzzers cannot be directed towards sensitive points and dangerous locations in the programs. In this paper, in order to improve the performance of directed Grey-box fuzzing, we develop two strategies to improve the original directed Grey-box fuzzer, AFLGo, and implement a new directed Grey-box fuzzer, Guided-Fuzzer, to reach dangerous positions in the program faster. In the process of directed grey-box fuzzing, Guided-Fuzzer evaluates the seeds based on the control flow graph information and the execution path of the seed. And it prioritizes each seed based on the seed's distance from the target, seed's energy, and the number of times the seed are executed. Based on the priorities of seeds, Guided-Fuzzer puts seeds in the appropriate position of the input queue, and adopts an adaptive mutation strategy that combines coarse-grained mutant actions, medium-grained mutant actions and fine-grained mutant actions according to the distances between the seeds and the target location. Experimental results show that Guided-Fuzzer can reach the target location faster than the original directed Grey-box fuzzer AFLGo. In addition, on some tested programs, Guided-Fuzzer can reduce the time to discover certain vulnerabilities from about 3.2 hours to 1.2 hours, and effectively improves the efficiency of directed Grey-box fuzzing. |
152 | Please write an abstract with title: Fault recovery based on checkpointing for hard real-time embedded systems, and key words: Checkpointing, Real time systems, Embedded system, Fault tolerant systems, Embedded computing, System testing, Fault detection, Temperature, Thermal stresses, Fault tolerance. Abstract: Safety-critical embedded systems often operate in harsh environmental conditions that necessitate fault-tolerant computing techniques. Many safety-critical systems also execute real-time applications. The correctness of these systems depends not only on the logical result of computation, but also on the time at which the results are produced. The missing of task deadlines can therefore be viewed as a temporal fault. In this paper, we examine fault-recovery based on checkpointing for real-time systems. We present schedulability tests for check-pointing in real-time systems. These feasibility-of-scheduling tests provide the criteria under which checkpointing can provide fault tolerance and real-time guarantees for hard real-time embedded systems under two different fault arrival models. |
153 | Please write an abstract with title: Measurement of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages in Current Transformers at Open Air HV Substations, and key words: Voltage measurement, Current transformers, Current measurement, Windings, High-voltage techniques, Capacitance, Frequency measurement. Abstract: Very fast transient overvoltages appear when switches operate in high voltage networks. In some cases, they can affect near current transformers (CT). In this paper, a new methodology for measuring these transients is proposed. It uses the stray capacitance of the CT between its high voltage winding and all other parts at ground potential. The current through this capacitance is measured by a specially designed Rogowski coil, and a reconstruction algorithm calculates the input voltage. Our proposal does not need to separate the CT from its base, as proposed in other works. Tests on a high voltage capacitor corroborate this method. |
154 | Please write an abstract with title: Field trapping and shielding measurements within a cylindrical hole in a block of Sm-Ba-Cu-O bulk superconductor, and key words: Superconducting magnets, High temperature superconductors, Magnetic field measurement, Hall effect devices, Magnetic shielding, Cooling, Superconducting materials, Manufacturing, Performance evaluation, Position measurement. Abstract: Field trapping and shielding experiments were performed using high-T/sub c/ bulk superconductor with a cylindrical hole in it. An array of Hall probes was used to measure the field inside the hole as a function of position and applied field. The trapping of magnetic field in the hole was accomplished by cooling the bulk superconductor in the presence of an applied field and then gradually reducing the applied field to zero. Shielding experiments were carried out by cooling the superconductor in the absence of a magnetic field and then gradually applying an external field. This paper describes the results of these experiments. |
155 | Please write an abstract with title: An 182mW 1-60Gb/s Configurable PAM-4/NRZ Transceiver for Large Scale ASIC Integration in 7nm FinFET Technology, and key words: Data centers, Voltage, Receivers, Reliability engineering. Abstract: With the COVID–19 pandemic, the faster and more reliable connectivity solutions in data centers became the critical enabler technology of our daily activities. The current 50G data center switches have more than 500 lanes within a single chip solution. This massive integration puts strict restrictions on power/area consumption. Moreover, single-domain, low supply voltage operation is highly desirable for better package/board designs as well as improved silicon reliability with less aging impact. An ADC-based receiver with DSP equalization consumes higher power/area due to the time-interleaved ADC array and digital domain FFE/DFE taps. An analog CTLE/DFE-based transceiver with a single supply level is highly suitable for low power/area operation for high density IOs in data center switches. The TX driver supply level can be adjusted based on the application. |
156 | Please write an abstract with title: District Performance of the ATMs by Alternative DEA Techniques, and key words: Online banking, Data models, Performance evaluation, Analytical models, Genetic algorithms, Optimization, Mathematical model. Abstract: The performance evaluation of the service industry has been always a challenging topic in the literature. In real life, these evaluations are generated in general by third party companies basing on financial ratios. Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are the 7/24 customer contact point of the banks and their performance directly affects the banks overall performance. In this study, the ATM performances of a Turkish bank, located in a specific zone are evaluated with alternative Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The results of the case study are further evaluated by the experts and would be beneficial to approach ATM deployment problem. |
157 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Multi-variable Grey Prediction Model for Icing Thickness, and key words: Monitoring, Conductors, Correlation, Wind speed, Mathematical model, Stress, Predictive models. Abstract: The icing disaster seriously affects the safe operation of the power grid. Through predicting the icing growth trend in the early stage of icing, the deicing and the hidden icing danger could be guided and eliminated. In this paper, a multi-variable grey prediction model for icing thickness is studied. Firstly, the correlation between micro-meteorological parameters such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction and icing thickness is analyzed by grey correlation analysis method. Furthermore, considering the grey correlation analysis results, a multivariate grey prediction model of icing thickness is established based on the icing thickness, ambient temperature and wind speed. The validity of the model is verified by the online monitoring data of an icing process. The prediction error is within 5%, which satisfies the engineering application requirements of the transmission line icing prediction. |
158 | Please write an abstract with title: Perceptual influences on firms' adoption of innovation, and key words: Technological innovation, Supply chains, Psychology, Information systems, Power generation economics, Environmental economics, Decision making, Observability, Standardization, Cognitive science. Abstract: This paper presents findings from an on-going research, which examines how perception could influence firms' innovation adoption behaviour. It also argues that when inter-dependency among adopter firms exist, perceptual influences should be taken into consideration. Preliminary fieldwork data is taken from a supply chain setting. |
159 | Please write an abstract with title: Implementing Hydrokinetics and Other DERs Into Microgrid Energy Systems to Enrich Undergraduate Level Power Engineering Education, and key words: Distributed energy resources, economic analysis, homer software, industrial microgrids, renewable energy resources. Abstract: A feasible and viable industrial microgrid necessitates the efficient integration of diverse Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) including Wind Turbines, Photovoltaics (PV), Energy Storage Systems (ESS), natural gas generators, hydrokinetics, and boilers. To ensure the optimal selection and efficient integration of DERs, effective planning for Renewable Energy Sources (RES) becomes crucial. This paper focuses on improving power engineering education at the undergraduate level by analyzing multiple case studies using the HOMER Pro software to assess economic and sustainability factors associated with microgrid systems. Each case study incorporates unique combinations of DERs for microgrid models that are situated in different locations of the United States, such as in the western region of South Carolina (case study 1), the northern part of California (case study 2), and the northern part of New York (case study 3). The analysis and comparison of these three case studies provide insights into the economic and sustainable aspects of DER integration into industrial microgrids. |
160 | Please write an abstract with title: Deep learning based Diagnosis of diseases using Image Classification, and key words: COVID-19, Support vector machines, Deep learning, Lung, Feature extraction, Diseases, Image classification. Abstract: Any disease whether it is curable or not, it must be diagnosed properly with some time in hand to take the appropriate actions in time. As it is popularly said that early detection of any disease is half cured. For detection of the diseases like Pneumonia, Covid-19, Brain Tumor Radiography, Computed Tomography are a technique popularly used nowadays. The motivation towards the study of the topic was that due to our country’s population density, the vulnerability of getting infected and not being treated nicely was exposed during the outbreak of Covid-19. The ratio of doctors in India is nearly 1:1456 which means 1 doctor has approximately 1456 patients to deal with. That also results in a lot of time being wasted on diagnosis, scheduling appointments, collection of reports, etc. which could prove to be critical for a patient. To reduce all the time being wasted, with the help of machine learning we intend to learn if we can predict if the patient is infected with a certain disease or not. How do we do that is by using deep learning models and analyze on the basis of a few X-Ray scan of the Chest to detect Pneumonia. |
161 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Development of Real Time Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality Monitoring System Based on IoT Technology, and key words: Temperature sensors, Temperature measurement, Wireless communication, Wireless sensor networks, Microcontrollers, Urban areas, Real-time systems. Abstract: While the countries grow to be developed and industrial, the pollution level is increased significantly, and this becomes a critical downfall for the people’s health. This paper presents a system of smart air quality monitoring for urban city area by using IoT Technology. The main purpose of this research is to minimize, improvise, and use low-cost configuration, yet with equal ability to perform as industrial sensor capability, as required by the IEEE 1451 Sensor Standard. This enables the usage of this system in range of 20 meters for the WIFI module. This module consists of two sensors that function to detect concentrate elements in nearby environment. The first sensor is an air quality sensor that functions to detect the value of carbon dioxide in the environment. The second sensor detects and indicates the temperature and humidity. Both sensors will show the values detected through wireless monitor, either by smartphone or any device that can access web-based or application platforms. This is to ensure that the value is detected, hence ability to observe. Any malfunction can be reset remotely, and the user can determine the next decisions. The proposed system, by combination of esp32, IoT Platform and the Wi-Fi modules, is also able to give immediate data reading, while being remotely observed by notice from the system output. |
162 | Please write an abstract with title: Image Super Resolution Using Deep Learning, and key words: Training, Deep learning, Interpolation, Image resolution, Computational modeling, Generative adversarial networks, Feature extraction. Abstract: Image upscaling has been applied in many applications in the image processing field. This paper shows a model which is able to perform image upscaling by 4 times using a series of convolutional filters and trained using the generative adversarial network (GAN) training scheme. The GAN training process involves a generator network, which will perform the image upscaling. The results of the generator network will be evaluated by a discriminator network for the realistic score which will be feedback to the generator network for training. The chosen GAN type is the GAN with a relativistic discriminator which calculates how realistic is the generated image compared to the real image. The network also utilizes different structures of dilated convolution filter, inception module and residue connection between the filters to enhance the feature extraction capability. The high-definition image dataset DIV2K is used for the training. |
163 | Please write an abstract with title: Wideband Low-Profile Orthogonal Polarized Slot Radiator with High Isolation and Low Cross Polarization Based on Printed Dipole Antennas, and key words: Slot antennas, Dipole antennas, Electromagnetic scattering, Broadband antennas, Gain, Wideband, Antenna radiation patterns. Abstract: The design of a wideband low-profile orthogonal polarized slot radiator is presented in this paper. The radiator is excited by printed dipole antennas. The operating frequency range of the radiator on the level of the VSWR less than 3.0 is in the range from 1.229 to 1.733 GHz. The bandwidth is 0.504 GHz or 41% relative to 1.229 GHz. The electrical dimensions of the radiator at the upper operating frequency are approximately 0.46 λ×0.46 λ×0.20 λ. The realized gain is from 0 to 3.1 dB. The radiated power exceeds 0.75 W at 1.0 W at the input. The isolation between the inputs of the radiator is more than 48 dB, and the cross polarization level is less than minus 48 dB. |
164 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning about Student Performance from Moodle logs in a Higher Education Context, and key words: Learning management systems, Education. Abstract: Learning Management Systems (LMS) are educational tools used to plan, implement and assess the learning-teaching procedure. LMS are continuously acquiring data from students in their learning progress when they interact with the platform. In this work, we use statistically-based approaches to learn about student performance solely using data from Moodle LMS, which is widely used along the educational institutions around the world. Using logged data from several subjects and degrees, our results indicate that the number of interactions with the LMS is a good indicator of student performance and can potentially be used as a measure to track students’ learning progress. |
165 | Please write an abstract with title: The effect of cell culture substrate on cell tolerance to desiccation, and key words: Cells (biology), Surface treatment, Plasma temperature, Biology, Humans, Fibroblasts, Biological system modeling, Moisture, Extracellular, Biological tissues. Abstract: The biopreservation sciences have typically relied on the utilization of low temperature to suppress or arrest cellular physiological function in an attempt to extend biological time. Recently, however, several reports have detailed successful anhydrobiotic (dry-state) preservation of cellular systems through the utilization of stabilizing molecules such as trehalose. In this study we investigated the influence of cell-substrate interaction during and following desiccation on cell survival in a human fibroblast model. Cells were dried on differing culture surfaces after allowing 10 min for cell attachment. Desiccated samples (15% residual moisture) were rehydrated and then cultured on differing extracellular matrices. Cells cultured on biologically active matrices (collagen, fibronectin, and laminin) following desiccation resulted in a significant improvement (>15%) in cell survival in comparison with poly-L-lysine and plasma treated tissue culture surfaces. Further, both desiccation and subsequent culture of samples on biologically active surfaces resulted in /spl sim/30% increase in overall cell survival in comparison with standard culture. These findings indicate that cell-substrate interactions may play a substantial role in the success of anhydrobiotic preservation. |
166 | Please write an abstract with title: Improvement of Energy Consumption in Cloud Computing, and key words: Digital control, Cloud computing, Data centers, Energy consumption, Java, Power demand, Protocols. Abstract: For small to large scale cloud computing data centers, the power consumption of physical and virtual machines is a major challenge. Two states of the virtual machine, active state if selected by cloudlet and idle state if not selected. Two types of works are applied which are existing work and proposed work. In existing work non-power aware data center, the power consumption used time-shared data center that discarded cloudlet file size to selected VMs. To performance-enhanced of power consumption in existing work applied power-aware data center in proposed work used the intelligent distribution of cloudlets that according to cloudlet file size organized cloudlet on five range to selected VMs. The result shows in existing work that five VMs selected by five cloudlets, which consumed all power of the host. VM1 difference in existing work to proposed work by selected cloudlet1 with file size 300 to consumed 1000 second in existing work and selected three cloudlets which are cloudlet1 with file size 300, cloudlet2 with file size 400 and cloudlet3 with file size 500 to consumed 2999.99 seconds in proposed work, so there is a positive relationship of VM execution time and number of cloudlets that selected by VM. That positive relationship affected positively the power consumption of VM, but at the same time, the VM2 and VM3 not selected by cloudlet stayed in the idle state near to zero power consumption and zero execution time in proposed work to the reduced power consumption of host from 7.134 KW to 6.562 kW with difference 0.572 kW. VM4 and VM5 were selected by cloudlet4 and cloudlet5 in two work there is no change similar to VM2 and VM3. Performance enhancement of VMs power consumption reduced the cost to increased lifetime and reduced carbon footprints to make environment-friendly. |
167 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimized design for operation and construction of metro based on linear programming model and DBSCAN clustering algorithm, and key words: Analytical models, Computational modeling, Sociology, Clustering algorithms, Predictive models, Linear programming, Prediction algorithms. Abstract: Problem 1 firstly establishes the linear programming model I. The departure interval can be determined according to the number of incoming trains between stations, using Annex 1 to count the number of incoming trains per station per day for averaging, and secondly, the results of each station are expressed in a line graph to determine the departure interval and to determine the rationality of the scheme; and the inequality is listed to control the number of boarding trains with the help of the linear programming idea, so that the number of carriages can be determined Finally, the conclusion of finding the optimal number of cars is drawn. Problem 2 is to propose a reasonable site plan by using the characteristics of the city of Hohhot, the daily population density of a certain location and the population distribution of the city, and to predict the total number of riders per day to achieve the profitability of subway operation due to the problems of maintenance and power consumption of the subway. Then, a DBSCAN clustering algorithm model and a gray prediction model were developed to determine a reasonable site selection and finally, the number of riders per day was determined based on the formula of the subway company's profitability. Problem 3 is to develop a staggered travel plan for the commuting time of the main school or work population in the vicinity of different stations to minimize the number of trips during the peak period. We start by simulating the behavior of random users and then decide when certain people will travel according to the time point and travel benefits, and finally achieve staggered travel. Under special conditions, such as the Spring Festival, the linear programming model can be modified and optimized to make the trains profitable for the train company by appropriately changing the departure interval during this time period. |
168 | Please write an abstract with title: Interval Forecasting of Hourly Electricity Spot Prices using Rolling Window Based Gaussian Process Regression, and key words: Time series analysis, Gaussian processes, Predictive models, Tools, Probabilistic logic, Forecasting, Kernel. Abstract: Electricity price forecasting is important to the energy companies in planning and decision making. Gaussian process (GP) regression is a powerful tool for probabilistic forecasts of time series data. In this paper, we employ GP regression for prediction interval (PI) based forecasting of electricity spot prices. At each hour of the day, a new parameter set is computed incorporating most recent available electricity price data. We compare performance of several kernels. Likelihood ratio (LR) test statistics are used to measure goodness of the out-of-sample forecasts. Results show that our scheme outperforms other schemes in literature. In one case, LR statistics are slightly better for an existing quantile regression averaging (QRA) based scheme .But QRA scheme employs 12 other forecasting schemes followed by performing regression on the forecasts by those 12 schemes. However, our results significantly better than other individual forecasting schemes such as ARX/SNARX and averaging schemes such as SIMPLE/LAD. |
169 | Please write an abstract with title: A medium complexity discrete model for uncertain spatial data, and key words: Spatial databases, Uncertainty, Spatiotemporal phenomena, Roads, Rivers, Cities and towns, Space technology, Shape measurement, Water resources, Reservoirs. Abstract: This paper presents a method for representing uncertainty in spatial data in a database. The model presented requires moderate amounts of storage space. To compute the probability that an object is at a particular place, the representation employs probability functions that can be computed quickly and efficiently. This is different from an advanced model presented by the same authors. This medium complexity model is less powerful, but requires much less storage space, and computing probabilities is much less complicated. |
170 | Please write an abstract with title: Improving Image Compression With Adjacent Attention and Refinement Block, and key words: Image coding, Image reconstruction, Entropy, Transform coding, Entropy coding, Bit rate, Rate-distortion. Abstract: Recently, learned image compression algorithms have shown incredible performance compared to classic hand-crafted image codecs. Despite its considerable achievements, the fundamental disadvantage is not optimized for retaining local redundancies, particularly non-repetitive patterns, which have a detrimental influence on the reconstruction quality. This paper introduces the autoencoder-style network-based efficient image compression method, which contains three novel blocks, i.e., adjacent attention block, Gaussian merge block, and decoded image refinement block, to improve the overall image compression performance. The adjacent attention block allocates the additional bits required to capture spatial correlations (both vertical and horizontal) and effectively remove worthless information. The Gaussian merge block assists the rate-distortion optimization performance, while the decoded image refinement block improves the defects in low-resolution reconstructed images. A comprehensive ablation study analyzes and evaluates the qualitative and quantitative capabilities of the proposed model. Experimental results on two publicly available datasets reveal that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on the KODAK dataset (by around 4dB and 5dB) and CLIC dataset (by about 4dB and 3dB) in terms of PSNR and MS-SSIM. |
171 | Please write an abstract with title: S4: Simple, Secure, Survivable Systems Human-first crisis technology design principles, and key words: COVID-19, Digital systems, Conferences, Government, Tools, Information technology, Complex systems. Abstract: Information technology has become embedded in almost every area of modern life. The many complex digital systems that support modern societies are now highly dependent on the correct function of complex and highly interdependent technological systems. Digital tools are increasingly becoming part of traditional crisis response efforts by government and non-government organisations. While digital tools have substantial capabilities to enhance crisis response efforts, they also pose significant risks to user communities when deployed in time-sensitive, vulnerable and fragile crisis contexts - as part of an already complex system. These risks and inefficiencies have been demonstrated in the contact-tracing application debate in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Technology must be intentionally designed and implemented, both to help solve the problem at hand and support end user com-munities. The principles of simple, secure and survivable systems (S4) offer a framework for technology that serves the interests of end-users and maintains human dignity, especially in crisis situations. The S4 principles are already evident in a number of technology projects, across research, design, build and deployment phases. Instead of high-risk, ad hoc, reactive digital solutions, crisis responders can pre-emptively share information, invest and work with existing technology design and development experts that reflect the S4 principles for efficient, effective solutions that enhance response capabilities both now and in future scenarios. |
172 | Please write an abstract with title: Locational Marginal Price Forecasting: A Componential and Ensemble Approach, and key words: Forecasting, Biological system modeling, Predictive models, Numerical models, Data models, Stacking. Abstract: Short-term locational marginal price (LMP) forecasting is the traditional problem of market participants and other institutions maximizing their profit. Most electricity market organizers in the world release the data of LMP along with its three components, i.e., the energy, congestion, and loss components. The series of the three components have their own patterns and driving factors, and can be utilized to improve the accuracy of LMP forecasting. However, most existing studies have focused on direct LMP forecasting and have barely noticed this characteristic. In this paper, we aim to bridge the gap between the released data of the three components and LMP forecasting through a componential and ensemble approach. Three individual forecasting models are selected and trained for these components, and an ensemble framework that stacks the summation LMP results and the direct results is proposed to enhance the overall accuracy and robustness. Numerical experiments with real market data are conducted to show the good performance of this novel approach. |
173 | Please write an abstract with title: A self-boost charge pump topology for a gate drive high-side power supply, and key words: Charge pumps, Power supplies, Switches, Circuit topology, Power electronics, Capacitors, Rails, Piecewise linear techniques, Circuit simulation, Guidelines. Abstract: A self-boost charge pump topology is presented for a floating high-side gate drive power supply that features high voltage and current capabilities for use in integrated power electronic modules (IPEMs). The transformerless topology uses a small capacitor to transfer energy to the high-side switch from a single power supply referred to the negative rail. Unlike conventional bootstrap power supplies, no switching of the main phase-leg switches is required to provide power continuously to the high-side gate drive, even if the high-side switch is permanently on. Additional advantages include low parts-count and simple control requirements. A piecewise linear model of the self-boost charge pump is derived and the circuit's operating characteristics are analyzed. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the desired operation of the new charge pump circuit. Guidelines are provided to assist with circuit component selection in new applications. |
174 | Please write an abstract with title: Hierarchically Structured Matrix Recovery-Based Channel Estimation for RIS-Aided Communications, and key words: Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), channel estimation, mmWave, (U)AMP. Abstract: Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has emerged as a promising technology for improving capacity and extending coverage of wireless networks. In this work, we consider RIS-aided millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) communications, where acquiring accurate channel state information is challenging due to the high dimensionality of channels. To achieve efficient channel estimation, fully exploiting the structures of the channels is crucial. To this end, we formulate the channel estimation as a hierarchically structured matrix recovery problem, and design a low-complexity message passing algorithm to solve it, leveraging the unitary approximate message passing. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm with performance close to the oracle bound. |
175 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of Low Cost and Portable Colorimeter Using TCS 3200 Color Sensor, and key words: Technological innovation, Costs, Image color analysis, Detectors, Color, Real-time systems, Photodiodes. Abstract: The analysis of the chemical solutions for various applications is an essential part of the industries, mainly in production sectors, to know the solution's quantity and quality. Its absorption value gives the solution's quality, and its percentage concentration gives the quantity of the solution. The appropriate solution will give desired results which will help to user achieving set goals. For analyzing chemical and color solutions, a low cost, portable, lightweight colorimeter is designed, giving information about solutions absorbance and concentration. The colorimeter consists of the TCS 3200 color sensor, which has 64 photodiodes as detectors and four LEDs as light source, and an Arduino Uno board for processing output from the color sensor in the plastic box. In the colorimeter, the light source and detector are placed in opposite directions usually, but in this designed colorimeter, they both are at the same place, and due to that, the cost for a separate detector and its space is reduced. Further, some solutions absorbance and concentration are checked, and it is compared with Cool Spectrophotometer 100 of BSR technologies and found an error of less than 6 percent for all solutions. |
176 | Please write an abstract with title: Integrated Force Sensor based on Optical Distance Measurement for a Modular Actuator used in Active Optics, and key words: Actuators, Optical interferometry, Force measurement, Optical diffraction, Optical variables measurement, Optical sensors, Optical reflection. Abstract: This paper presents a modular actuator with an integrated force sensor for the utilization in an active optics support system for primary mirrors in the meter-class. The actuator uses a commercial stepper motor together with an arrangement of helical springs. The force measurement of the individual actuators required for the active optical system is based on an optical proximity sensor which measures the distance between the components connected by the springs. This way, the force sensor is highly integrated into the actuator and for the developed system a precise force measurement with an RMS error of 4.5 mN over a range of 24 N is achieved. |
177 | Please write an abstract with title: Remote Microelectronics Laboratory Education in the COVID-19 Pandemic, and key words: COVID-19, Remote laboratories, Pandemics, Education, Organizations, Microelectronics, Circuit synthesis. Abstract: In response to emergency conditions brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, universities were obliged to rapidly transition their mode of education to a remote format. This paper describes a rapidly deployed platform for remote laboratory education in a junior-level undergraduate microelectronics course. The paper describes physical circuit design, server organization, remote access procedures and educational outcomes. |
178 | Please write an abstract with title: Maximum-Likelihood Digital Data Sequence Estimation Over the Gaussian Channel with Unknown Carrier Phase, and key words: Maximum likelihood estimation, Phase estimation, Gaussian channels, Detectors, Performance analysis, Maximum likelihood detection, Phase modulation, Additive white noise, Error probability, Performance loss. Abstract: We consider the problem of simultaneous ML estimation of data and carrier phase from a linear suppressed-carrier modulated signal received in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise. The ML detector of the data sequence is derived, and its error probability performance is analyzed. The result shows that the performance loss due to the unknown carrier phase can be reduced by increasing the sequence length. A suboptimum decision-aided subsequence-by-subsequence detector whose complexity does not increase exponentially with sequence length is proposed, and its performance is analyzed. |
179 | Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Sampling-Based Approach for Spacecraft Proximity Operation Path Planning in Near-Circular Orbit, and key words: Space vehicles, Path planning, Orbits, Safety, Collision avoidance, Planning, Uncertainty. Abstract: This paper proposes an improved sampling-based approach for spacecraft proximity operation path planning under Clohessy-Wiltshire-Hill dynamics. The proposed approach is based on a modified version of the FMT* (Fast Marching Tree) algorithm with safety strategy which is divided into three parts: (1) incorporating relative ellipse to simplify the sampling state space and avoid collision with target; (2) combining internal/external ellipse-based collision detection algorithms for hovering obstacle and non-coplanar ellipse obstacle; (3) using rotating hyperplane method to handle the coplanar ellipse obstacle and uncertainty obstacle. By referring the safety strategy to simplify the state space before FMT* algorithm, the approach can reduce the complexity of path planning, especially the resampling and collision avoidance detection cyclic process in FMT*, thereby improve the planning efficiency. Two simulated scenarios, a coplanar path planning with/without coplanar ellipse obstacle, are developed to illustrate the approach. As a result, the proposed approach appears to be potential for spacecraft proximity real-time path planning as well as other complex space mission path planning generalized to different dynamics and environments, such as On-Orbit Service, and enabling a real-time computation of low-cost trajectory. |
180 | Please write an abstract with title: Distributed Coordinated Control Battery Energy Storage System Based on Consensus Algorithm, and key words: DC microgrid, battery energy storage system, distributed control, fixed time control. Abstract: A new distributed fixed time secondary control strategy is proposed for the battery energy storage system of DC microgrids. It has the advantages of fast convergence speed and strong reliability. This control strategy estimates the average voltage of the system based on a voltage observer, and takes the estimated average voltage, proportional current, and energy level of the battery energy storage unit as consistent variables. A distributed secondary controller is designed based on a fixed time algorithm. Finally, the uniform convergence of the control strategy is analyzed using the Lyapunov stability criterion; And the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy was verified through simulation. |
181 | Please write an abstract with title: New-shaped electrode for AC-PDP for enhancement of luminous efficiency in AC-PDP, and key words: Electrodes, Flat panel displays, Large screen displays, Plasma displays, Brightness, Discharges, TV broadcasting, Computer displays, Cathode ray tubes, Voltage. Abstract: Summary form only given, as follows. AC-plasma display panel (AC-PDP) is using gas discharge display device which has great potential as a flat display with large display area and high brightness. Because of their high picture quality, light weight, and large screen size, these are now attracting considerable attention in digital broadcasting for use in suitable TV monitors. However, the present-day PDP with a luminous efficiency of typically about 1.0 lm/w is low in comparison with a CRT (5 lm/w) and limits the brightness. Improvement of the luminous efficiency is, therefore, a key factor to obtain a better panel performance. In this research, in order to increase the luminous efficiency of PDP, three new types of AC-PDP cells have been proposed and investigated. New-shaped types of electrodes were developed for high luminance coplanar type AC-PDP. The new-shaped type electrodes had been 3 types in one cell, A, B, and conventional type, respectively. The new-shaped type electrodes that have been developed have a lower breakdown voltage than the conventional type electrode at normal pressure. Also, the luminance efficiency is improved by about 20% at the same firing voltage. This result means that the currents are limited by characteristics of the new-type electrode. |
182 | Please write an abstract with title: Optical Parametric Amplification in 2D Semiconductors, and key words: Semiconductor device modeling, Optical polarization, Stimulated emission, Semiconductor lasers, Lasers and electrooptics, Laser modes, Nonlinear optics. Abstract: We demonstrate single-pass optical parametric amplification (OPA) in monolayer semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides. Our experimental findings of OPA efficiency and polarization dependence are fully supported by first-principle calculations of the nonlinear response within a tight-binding model. |
183 | Please write an abstract with title: Subspace estimators of direction of arrival, and key words: Direction of arrival estimation, Frequency, Acoustic sensors, Narrowband, Covariance matrix, Hardware, Signal processing, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Acoustic applications, Planar arrays. Abstract: We consider in this paper a class of techniques for the estimation of the direction of arrival of a narrowband signal. Eigenvectors of a spectral covariance matrix corresponding to a number of the lowest eigenvalues are used to estimate the bearing. It is shown that the estimator has a non-standard asymptotic distribution. |
184 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards the design of efficient and versatile cognitive robotic architecture based on distributed, low-latency working memory, and key words: Memory management, Computer architecture, Throughput, Software agents, Complexity theory, Cognitive robotics, Synchronization. Abstract: Autonomous robots will be present in our daily lives in the coming years. One of the most critical elements facilitating this expansion of robots is the concept of Cognitive Robotic Architectures (CRAs). Thanks to these CRAs, robots are aware of their state and surroundings and then build all the behaviors best suited to the scenario on this information. In recent years our team has proposed an CRA called CORTEX designed for use with autonomous robots working in human environments. CORTEX is based on a distributed graph-like working memory where software agents can read or update information. In this paper, we describe the design process of the new CORTEX architecture up to its current implementation. Among the most salient design requirements is data synchronization between the different agents in the architecture, low latency, and performance of the new architecture. To validate the effectiveness of the architecture and its versatility, we have used our CRA in different use cases, including social robot navigation and autonomous driving of connected vehicles. |
185 | Please write an abstract with title: Open Source Research Software, and key words: Open source software, Scientific computing, Software engineering, Artificial intelligence, Licenses. Abstract: Reports on the need to make make software open source. It should be both archived for reproducibility and actively maintained for reusability. In computational and computer science, research software is a central asset for development activities. For good scientific practice, the resulting research software should be open source. Established open source software licenses provide sufficient options for granting permissions such that it should be the rare exception to keep research software closed. Proper engineering is required for obtaining reusable and sustainable research software. This way, software engineering methods may improve research in other disciplines. However, research in software engineering and computer science itself will also benefit when programs are reused. To study the state of the art in this field, we analyzed research software publishing practices in computer and computational science and observed significant differences: computational science emphasizes reproducibility, while computer science emphasizes reuse. |
186 | Please write an abstract with title: Bayesian separation of audio-visual speech sources, and key words: Bayesian methods, Microphone arrays, Mouth, Working environment noise, Face detection, Independent component analysis, Speech processing, Speech enhancement, Acoustic noise, Feature extraction. Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the use of audio and visual rather than only audio features for the task of speech separation in acoustically noisy environments. The success of existing independent component analysis (ICA) systems for the separation of a large variety of signals, including speech, is often limited by the ability of this technique to handle noise. In this paper, we introduce a Bayesian model for the mixing process that describes both the bimodality and the time dependency of speech sources. Our experimental results show that the online demixing process presented here outperforms both the ICA and the audio-only Bayesian model at all levels of noise. |
187 | Please write an abstract with title: Using the Principles of Cascade-Frequency Regulation During the Operation of the Nutrient Pumps of the Factory Thermal Power Plant for the Common Manifold, and key words: Manifolds, Patents, Thermal factors, Frequency conversion, Production facilities, Mathematical models, Regulation. Abstract: The development of its own generation of electric energy is one of the features of metallurgical production. Thanks to the use of secondary energy resources, including domain and coke gases, electricity, produced at factory power plants, is significantly cheaper than purchased from the energy system. In turn, to reduce the cost of electricity, it is reducing the consumption of electricity with its own needs. The object of the study in this article is the factory thermal power station of a large metallurgical enterprise, in which most consumers of their own needs receive power from the generator voltage. The power plant in question has 8 energy boilers and 9 turbo generators with a total capacity of more than 200 MW; It provides electricity and warmth of the main workshops of the enterprise, as well as one of the districts of the city. Transportation and supply of the main components of technological production, including water, air and fuel, is carried out by unregulated asynchronous electric drives. The most powerful and responsible of them are nutrient pumps. At the station, 13 nutrient pumps were installed for supplying water to the boiler and working on a common manifold. Currently, they receive power directly from the generator voltage tires 3.15 square meters. The article is devoted to the study of the appropriateness of their connection to the network through frequency converters. In this case, pressure stabilization in the general collector and a decrease in electricity consumption in the system of own needs of the power plant of a metallurgical enterprise will be ensured. To date, pressure regulation in the system is carried out by manual throttling by turning on or disconnecting one of the pumps. Actual and practically significant problem is to ensure the main parameters of nutrient pumps by regulating the speed of electric drives, which will significantly increase the energy efficiency of the power plant. The article presents a review of patent information on optimizing the work of pumping plants. According to the results of comprehensive studies conducted on the developed model, the authors proposed cascade-frequency control of adjustable electric drives of nutrient pumps. The introduction of such a decision will reduce electricity consumption of one of the pumps by more than 20%. |
188 | Please write an abstract with title: OdoNet: Untethered Speed Aiding for Vehicle Navigation Without Hardware Wheeled Odometer, and key words: Navigation, Feature extraction, Global navigation satellite system, Convolution, Sensors, Robustness, Hardware. Abstract: Odometer has been proven to significantly improve the robustness and accuracy of the Global Navigation Satellite System/Inertial Navigation System (GNSS/INS) integrated vehicle navigation in GNSS-denied environments. However, odometer is inaccessible in many applications, especially for aftermarket devices and smartphones. To apply forward speed aiding without hardware wheeled odometer, we propose OdoNet, an untethered one-dimensional Convolution Neural Network (CNN)-based pseudo-odometer model learning from a single Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Dedicated experiments have been conducted to verify the generalization capability and the precision of the OdoNet. The results indicate that the IMU individuality, the vehicle loads, and the road conditions have little impact on the robustness and precision of the OdoNet, while the IMU biases and the mounting angles may notably ruin the OdoNet. Hence, a data-cleaning procedure is adopted to effectively mitigate the impacts of the IMU biases and the mounting angles. Compared to the processing mode using only non-holonomic constraint (NHC), by employing the pseudo-odometer, the positioning error is reduced by around 68%, while the percentage is around 74% for the hardware wheeled odometer. In conclusion, the proposed OdoNet can be employed as an untethered pseudo-odometer for vehicle navigation. |
189 | Please write an abstract with title: Author's Corpus of Alisher Navoi and its Semantic Database, and key words: Vocabulary, Text analysis, Databases, Semantics, Education, Materials reliability, Writing. Abstract: Author's Corpus (AC) is an electronic system that contains the texts of a particular author's work, the author's writing style, language and text features in his works are grammatically, semantically and stylistically tagged. AC is an important electronic tool for a deeper understanding of a particular artist's work, research on his texts, study of creative skills and writing style, understanding the language of the period in which the artist lived. The author's corpus of Alisher Navoi, created in this regard, is a valuable corpus due to its historical, educational, pedagogical, social and spiritual significance in the educational process. This article discusses the capabilities of this corpus, its semantic base, and its business process model. |
190 | Please write an abstract with title: Short-term Load Forecasting : A Case Study in Chongqing Factories, and key words: short-term load forecasting, support vector machine, random forest. Abstract: With the development of the smart grid and green manufacturing, short-term load forecasting (STLF) for industrial customers is becoming more and more critical. In order to realize the short-term load forecasting for industrial factories, for given collected data, based on support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), short-term load forecasting models are established in this context for two industrial factories in Chongqing, i.e., a cable factory and a lithium factory. Historical power consumption data for a limited period of these two factories has been selected, then the holiday information and industry chain upstream correlation index both as the characteristic factors also have been considered in our models. Simulation results indicate that, the proposed approaches can accurately predict the trend of power load for both two factories, and the mean absolutely percent error (MAPE) of cable factory is about 5%, while the MAPE of lithium factory is about 2%. |
191 | Please write an abstract with title: Linear markers for robot navigation with panoramic vision, and key words: Robot vision systems, Navigation, Robot sensing systems, Mobile robots, Robustness, Image sensors, Cameras, Computer vision, Machine vision, Pattern recognition. Abstract: A vision based navigation system is presented for determining a mobile robot's position and orientation using panoramic imagery. An omni-directional image sensor mounted on the robot is useful in obtaining a 360 field of view, permitting navigational markers from all sides to be viewed simultaneously. A robust marker-based system is presented using vertically positioned linear markers as landmarks. The markers consist of linearly encoded digital patterns, similar to a barcode but distinguishable with less pixels. A set of patterns are orthogonal from one another and are readily recognized with any continous section visible. With a vertically posed panoramic image sensor, these vertically mounted linear markers appear along radial lines. The panoramic image is pre-processed according to edge directions to find candidate regions which are spatially sampled into digital symbols. This extracted binary sequence is examined to determine if it belongs in the marker pattern set. This system is shown to be robust even with the low resolution of a panoramic sensor with 800x800 active pixels. Experiments are shown with synthetic imagery and with three real prototype systems.i |
192 | Please write an abstract with title: Open-loop Model-free Dynamic Control of a Soft Manipulator for Tracking Tasks, and key words: Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Soft robotics, Trajectory, Steady-state, Task analysis, Manipulator dynamics. Abstract: This paper presents a novel controller for soft arms to be employed in dynamic tracking tasks. Creating dynamic controllers for continuum soft robots has been among the most important objectives for this field. This is because relying on the steady-state assumption of static controllers greatly limits the capabilities of these robotic platforms, whose advantageous compliance and flexibility is paid with dynamics that are highly non-linear and hard to model. For this reason, a data-driven solution based on long-short term memory networks is introduced. The methodology is then tested both on simulated and real continuum robots. The results show that the controller allows to accurately follow trajectories in the task-space with an average error lower than 4mm. |
193 | Please write an abstract with title: Moving Bragg Solitons in a Coupler with Separated Grating and Cubic-Quintic Nonlinearity, and key words: Bragg gratings, Solitons, Optoelectronic devices, Numerical simulation, Stability analysis, Numerical stability, Directional couplers. Abstract: We investigate the existence and stability of moving solitons a semilinear directional coupler where one core has cubic-quintic nonlinearity and the other core is linear with uniform Bragg grating. |
194 | Please write an abstract with title: Mixed Dual-Band Impedance Transformer With Embedded Transmission Zero, and key words: Impedance, Transformers, Power transmission lines, Shunts (electrical), Inductors, Dual band, Filtering theory. Abstract: Dual- and multi-band impedance transformers are important components in radio frequency (RF) and microwave circuits for contemporary communication systems. This brief presents a mixed transmission zero embedded dual-band impedance transformer that consists of transmission lines and lumped elements, operates at two uncorrelated frequencies. The proposed impedance transformer is appropriate for a load with frequency-dependent complex impedance. The presented transformer has the advantages of compact size and the absence of extremely high or low impedance transmission lines and stubs. In addition, the values of the transformer parameters are determined using the presented closed-form design formula. The proposed structure is validated through simulations and measurements. |
195 | Please write an abstract with title: A policy-driven multi-agent system for OGSA-compliant grid control, and key words: Multiagent systems, Control systems, Intelligent agent, Ontologies, Authorization, Computer science, Power engineering and energy, Application software, Power system management, Access control. Abstract: The emergence and the development of OGSA compliant grid provide powerful means for the integration and interaction of applications (grid services) within a virtual organization (VO). However, it is still a challenge to control the composition, transaction, and coordination, of grid services, according to the dynamic business requirements of a VO. Based on the policy-based management and autonomous intelligent agents, this paper proposes a framework for OGSA-compliant grid control. In this system, individual agent (task agent) is in charge of composing grid services and taking part in the social interactions within a VO. Several task agents and a management agent (MA) form a VO. The business requirements or user's preferences are represented as policies, which are used to control the behaviors of agents. |
196 | Please write an abstract with title: A Stability Analysis Tool for Bulk Power Systems Using Black-Box Models of Inverter-based Resources, and key words: Analytical models, Transmission line matrix methods, Simulation, Stability criteria, Transfer functions, Power system stability, Predictive models. Abstract: This paper presents a small-signal stability analysis tool for large-scale power systems with high penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs). Firstly, a network transfer function matrix (NTFM), which represents the information of the system topology, transmission lines, loads, IBRs locations, etc., is derived to model the entire power system network. Secondly, small-signal perturbation method is applied to obtain the sequence impedance/admittance responses of IBRs considering the frequency cross-coupling effects. With the obtained NTFM as well as IBRs' models, a multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) feedback system is constructed, and the generalized Nyquist criterion (GNC)-based stability method is employed to analyze the stability of the entire power system. Different testing cases based on a modified IEEE-14 bus system are leveraged to verify the proposed stability analysis tool. |
197 | Please write an abstract with title: Harmonic Suppression Scheme of L-type New Energy Grid-connected Inverter Based on Harmonic Injection Method, and key words: Harmonic analysis, Power system harmonics, Inverters, Photovoltaic systems, Harmonic distortion, Power quality, Steady-state. Abstract: As a new energy generation technology, photovoltaic power generation has been widely used. However, in the process of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation, due to the switching characteristics of the inverters, the output current usually contains low-order harmonics, of which the 5-order and 7-order low-order harmonics are the most serious. In order to restrain low-order harmonics in grid-connected current and reduce power loss in lines and loads, this paper proposes a modulation scheme based on SPWM harmonic injection, that is, to inject 5-order and 7-order harmonic compensation voltage into SPWM sinusoidal signal, so as to reduce the specific sub-harmonic content of output current and improve grid-connected power quality. The simulation and experiment of matlab/Simulink show that the scheme can effectively reduce the specific sub-harmonic content in grid-connected current, reduce the harmonic distortion rate and improve the power quality of grid-connected current of photovoltaic power generation. |
198 | Please write an abstract with title: A single frame spectrum signal detection approach based on deep learning, and key words: Signal detection, Machine learning, Robustness, Training, Convolution, Convolutional neural networks, Indexes. Abstract: Auto signal detection is an important technique for spectrum monitoring and management, but the detection accuracy and robustness might degrade when the signal is weak and the disturbance is heavy. In this paper, we researched the effectiveness of a deep-learning based method for robust single frame spectrum signal detection. Firstly, a deep convolutional neural network structure is designed for single frame spectrum signal detection. Then, in order to alleviate the information scarcity in single spectrum frame, an enhanced input data representation manner is presented to provide additional information and clue to the neural network. The experiments show that the convolutional neural network is effective and robust for single frame signal detection, and the enhanced input data representation can help the deep-learning based classifier to improve the detection performance. |
199 | Please write an abstract with title: Efficient fault collapsing via generalized dominance relations, and key words: Circuit faults, Circuit testing, Automatic test pattern generation, Runtime, Fault diagnosis, Automatic testing, Packaging, Circuit simulation, Libraries, Combinational circuits. Abstract: Fault collapsing of a fault-set helps in obtaining smaller test-sets as well as in reducing fault-simulation times. In this paper, we propose two new theorems by making use of the generalized dominance relations exhibited by a pair of faults. In order to learn several unique requirements for the faults in a low-cost manner, we employ a fault-independent analysis and propose heuristics to reduce the number of fault-pair comparisons required. Experimental results on ISCAS85, 89 & 93 benchmarks show that significantly more faults can be collapsed as compared to the existing methods, with smaller run-times in many cases. For most circuits, collapsing to less than 30% of the total number of faults is achieved |
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