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cf1e8d10-1449-4e75-b19a-9a6b848590a9
https://inaturalist-open…75/original.jpeg
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Otospermophilus
beecheyi
Otospermophilus beecheyi
California ground squirrel
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4145372972
shard-05970.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-05970.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_004421dc-d24b-4c11-810b-6159f8207152.parquet
a3aac9ea-312d-49d1-855d-95cdb9f7ee05
https://inaturalist-open…711/original.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Pachycephalidae
Pachycephala
pectoralis
Pachycephala pectoralis
Australian golden whistler
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3859876243
shard-21505.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-21505.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_44053f9b-b193-4ff9-b7b4-4d00fd01aa71.parquet
b6e0fe03-896b-4c23-a852-5d3bb6396f26
https://inaturalist-open…183/original.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Zenaida
asiatica
Zenaida asiatica
White-winged dove
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
1986594914
shard-14814.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-14814.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_dcdb255d-5b67-4859-a767-9d782d3cd266.parquet
932f4914-ca0a-4c80-bc42-3a700c61d5e3
https://inaturalist-open…34/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Aquifoliales
Aquifoliaceae
Ilex
verticillata
Ilex verticillata
Virginia winterberry
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4011574723
shard-16656.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-16656.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_bc58aa9e-083e-4dc8-965b-f8f2949d71f7.parquet
c390b5a0-521b-43af-85ea-9df175a3baca
https://inaturalist-open…25/original.jpeg
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Russulales
Hericiaceae
Hericium
erinaceus
Hericium erinaceus
Bearded tooth
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2013739873
shard-11874.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-11874.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_0a993e2b-bcb2-46ca-b8b3-70e0a7aed96d.parquet
68cebee5-e9e8-4992-9557-b81cb6700c47
https://inaturalist-open…00/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Dicranosterna
null
Dicranosterna
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4039466417
shard-11354.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-11354.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_4a7895ef-e4b2-47e1-912f-d9994952878d.parquet
78ca4912-d67d-4447-a928-76b1a1c2ad45
https://inaturalist-open…556/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Pinopsida
Pinales
Pinaceae
Larix
laricina
Larix laricina
American larch
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
1273849038
shard-14328.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-14328.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_c2d69bd1-218e-44bf-954a-157d5726b035.parquet
caf97398-0347-4f6a-8be6-f71bd180a227
https://content.eol.org/…8cbd4091bf87.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Palaemonidae
Laomenes
pardus
Laomenes pardus
null
eol
null
null
Unidentified
21614818_46515914
shard-22321.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-22321.tar
data/source=eol/server=content.eol.org/data_9986bb67-31c4-42a4-b076-66afff90ad03.parquet
10d14c91-0b9c-4a83-a17a-c101a1c0813e
https://inaturalist-open…304/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Lycaenidae
Callophrys
rubi
Callophrys rubi
Green hairstreak
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3302486840
shard-07594.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07594.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_3ecf217f-5440-4140-b4c4-5513ffc32d9d.parquet
50c40e56-0acb-4f99-9dcf-a10779a92c81
https://inaturalist-open…33/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Asparagaceae
Yucca
glauca
Yucca glauca
Great plains yucca
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4600052949
shard-09107.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-09107.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_d546edf1-de03-4bb4-94ca-125dc671d43c.parquet
e3fa3837-c5fd-4bfe-8724-7cfcff3f8fbe
https://inaturalist-open…501/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Myrtales
Onagraceae
Circaea
canadensis
Circaea canadensis
Broad-leaved enchanter's nightshade
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
1837096381
shard-00780.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-00780.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_ec8168a6-b1ed-4c2f-b6aa-e968adcb84a2.parquet
53d8c57e-b0cb-4846-997d-0ceaf01b83be
https://inaturalist-open…910/original.jpg
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Phaeophyceae
Laminariales
Lessoniaceae
Ecklonia
radiata
Ecklonia radiata
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3759517946
shard-07724.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07724.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_776895f3-abff-41d3-923e-cd9b51ac9ba5.parquet
37825fc7-4ecd-401d-b99c-2986fc7e7f38
https://www.unimus.no/felles/bilder/web_hent_bilde.php?id=12113024&type=jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rubus
chamaemorus
Rubus chamaemorus
Cloudberry
gbif
University of Bergen
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
1144167904
shard-07879.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07879.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.unimus.no/data_e51036d6-5508-4472-a03c-ea353b174980.parquet
b0e5e553-a5bc-4401-b749-eb2139fd56fd
https://www.artportalen.…c416cc_image.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Dasytidae
Aplocnemus
impressus
Aplocnemus impressus
null
gbif
SLU Artdatabanken
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2593030606
shard-15946.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-15946.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.artportalen.se/data_0b61aabc-7ea3-417a-9287-a6e631ac46f2.parquet
820e56a2-4c20-4a0b-a696-4879e120ac41
https://inaturalist-open…333/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Zygaenidae
Zygaena
transalpina
Zygaena transalpina
Southern six spot burnet
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3455226681
shard-07725.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07725.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_bea60b51-5c49-4e5e-8d85-c10459f247e0.parquet
d0caebda-85d3-46fc-978e-58ca4c7d5cfd
https://inaturalist-open…336/original.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
null
Colubridae
Coluber
constrictor
Coluber constrictor
Eastern racer
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2862388309
shard-08423.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-08423.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_5ae36d93-9803-47c5-9db8-53f6aa782efc.parquet
22929263-c034-4729-89e5-54dc0b0a288e
https://inaturalist-open…201/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Burseraceae
Bursera
epinnata
Bursera epinnata
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4431168838
shard-03932.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-03932.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_64299895-6967-4c4d-b923-7c15c9866503.parquet
2962ea0d-0cb4-40b1-b3cd-8012ba5484eb
https://inaturalist-open…74/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Othonna
triplinervia
Othonna triplinervia
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2823104349
shard-12597.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-12597.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_29671ec6-8735-4e27-8304-e0fbc6b76d63.parquet
b3ae4d8d-ff6a-476e-aafe-60f4a3b0ce91
https://inaturalist-open…27/original.jpeg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Accipitriformes
Accipitridae
Buteo
lineatus
Buteo lineatus
Red-shouldered hawk
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3399175279
shard-19485.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-19485.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_740295c5-7848-4295-ad5f-067356c4a47c.parquet
e90c785d-2dca-4d1e-8676-168dbd1d68bc
https://medialib.naturalis.nl/file/id/L.1606220/format/large
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Ficus
casearioides
Ficus casearioides
null
gbif
Naturalis Biodiversity Center
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
2513901404
shard-02115.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-02115.tar
data/source=gbif/server=medialib.naturalis.nl/data_d3671a8d-03ca-4b42-8fe5-cc07c39c1b29.parquet
cd52572e-8512-409e-bbf3-39ab75072b70
https://inaturalist-open…89/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Aglais
urticae
Aglais urticae
Small tortoiseshell
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3760323644
shard-16823.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-16823.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_2784101b-a418-4bf3-9dfc-362ded6d5c9f.parquet
36d36239-c0fe-479f-a5cf-00df23bad1d0
https://inaturalist-open…517/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Marpesia
petreus
Marpesia petreus
Red dagger wing
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4519199542
shard-06394.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-06394.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_41a3045a-f878-478e-927c-53d5b040c471.parquet
6e8a2e2a-ac28-4310-ad64-70a7a01afa9c
https://inaturalist-open…452/original.jpg
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Physalacriaceae
Armillaria
mellea
Armillaria mellea
Honey fungus
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3044850622
shard-06336.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-06336.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_4280d893-81b0-43d5-90b9-8dfa8387176b.parquet
02c351bc-01b6-4e1d-ab26-76e437cff52e
https://id.digitarium.fi…0/Preview001.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fagales
Betulaceae
Betula
pubescens
Betula pubescens
Downy birch
gbif
Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
4459158166
shard-06507.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-06507.tar
data/source=gbif/server=id.digitarium.fi/data_fbdf8da9-8222-4c97-bf58-f19129eb5b26.parquet
e61f52b2-733e-4524-8476-86a4e69950f8
http://live.staticflickr.com/8738/16411260273_f0984da8b9_b.jpg
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Physalacriaceae
Strobilurus
stephanocystis
Strobilurus stephanocystis
Russian conecap
gbif
naturgucker.de
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2330243220
shard-16057.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-16057.tar
data/source=gbif/server=live.staticflickr.com/data_858201af-714d-4b93-9a88-330b2cee0f35.parquet
8f128468-5171-4938-8f1a-b451e743b35c
https://inaturalist-open…389/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Isopoda
Ligiidae
Ligia
oceanica
Ligia oceanica
Sea slater
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2818702140
shard-13186.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-13186.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_085e39f1-57ec-4268-818d-a5c55a949395.parquet
e1a46d3d-9c08-46a8-a8d0-d3187b0e78cb
https://inaturalist-open…893/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Noctua
pronuba
Noctua pronuba
Large yellow underwing
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4022153738
shard-11972.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-11972.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_59a64f13-7c4f-4a88-a67b-c3b7fee43d62.parquet
537be989-da3c-4a8d-ab37-7eeddd298b6e
https://bs.plantnet.org/image/o/ec627f89dcd259e589765d1922f86355f8d8872c
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Cornales
Cornaceae
Cornus
sanguinea
Cornus sanguinea
Dogwood
gbif
Pl@ntNet
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2643949852
shard-16505.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-16505.tar
data/source=gbif/server=bs.plantnet.org/data_fb4a949d-f30b-44ec-a810-6cf86b456265.parquet
e6d78d2f-f2ff-4bb7-bc17-00280c08407a
https://www.artsobservas…6ef82b_image.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dryomyzidae
Dryomyza
anilis
Dryomyza anilis
Marsh fly
gbif
The Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre (NBIC)
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2822888428
shard-14002.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-14002.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.artsobservasjoner.no/data_82f28924-8313-4d46-89c5-0d6fde881ab8.parquet
2a961cdf-23e9-400b-b403-dddd988ed862
https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/8d502b5a-dbef-47f1-ae74-961be7f7f2ef
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Coptocephala
rubicunda
Coptocephala rubicunda
null
gbif
Natural History Museum
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Insect
4037440959
shard-03857.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-03857.tar
data/source=gbif/server=data.nhm.ac.uk/data_f9265a3d-5485-4231-a26f-9ea8c667a2b7.parquet
5ae8b09a-276f-420c-a8ad-5f686e327b56
http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/SATPA/IMG_7088+1280948904.JPG
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Saturniidae
Epiphora
ploetzi
Epiphora ploetzi
null
gbif
The International Barcode of Life Consortium
MATERIAL_SAMPLE
Museum Specimen: Insect
1416119480
shard-08300.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-08300.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.boldsystems.org/data_f71422ae-651d-4491-8651-3be4d6b8c128.parquet
d15a7437-5ba7-4163-918f-411217dda425
https://inaturalist-open…25/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Primulaceae
Primula
vulgaris
Primula vulgaris
Primrose
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4102867888
shard-18695.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-18695.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_5ec30797-d167-4b71-be20-2bb65195bcb5.parquet
1d016bf9-52c4-4fe2-a071-f70c616079a7
https://inaturalist-open…13/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Nymphalis
californica
Nymphalis californica
California tortoiseshell
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3383888392
shard-14606.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-14606.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_d54c5830-448f-466f-a8b9-ac1eba736246.parquet
098ea5e1-56f8-4f93-84d6-d3cb82e8d43c
http://mediaphoto.mnhn.fr/media/1441374735148I8KstMSSIU7FXLrl
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Rubiaceae
Galium
boreale
Galium boreale
Northern bedstraw
gbif
MNHN - Museum national d'Histoire naturelle
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
607598217
shard-05215.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-05215.tar
data/source=gbif/server=mediaphoto.mnhn.fr/data_2d846336-6d85-49da-8084-1906a82e7631.parquet
e3413c7f-e3e7-4a62-a2fc-d75d8facc4a0
https://inaturalist-open…180/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Apis
mellifera
Apis mellifera
Honey bee
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4413882737
shard-13309.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-13309.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_fe4d11e5-2b58-4cc9-8aee-4e71c44b2ab2.parquet
5b58823c-c158-4e94-bf12-c5736c1a2b71
https://www.artportalen.…0f64c9_image.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Mergellus
albellus
Mergellus albellus
salskrake
gbif
SLU Artdatabanken
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3768029474
shard-10991.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-10991.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.artportalen.se/data_6d318fe5-590f-43fe-93df-a43423e98c93.parquet
ac1cfaeb-5e41-4d00-bdf1-face37495e02
https://inaturalist-open…043/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Apiales
Apiaceae
Heracleum
sphondylium
Heracleum sphondylium
Hogweed
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3314153483
shard-07874.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07874.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_b54d36db-ade9-4a67-b754-5f588ed424e2.parquet
c98bb464-7bef-4167-a26c-4ebc9e515b23
https://inaturalist-open…007/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllaceae
Dianthus
carthusianorum
Dianthus carthusianorum
Carthusian pink
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4600054175
shard-08006.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-08006.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_6daeb9f4-720e-4e3a-a050-78b29fea1ef2.parquet
e5d8250a-9925-4a11-8c44-6539b5a02a79
https://inaturalist-open…15/original.jpeg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Regulidae
Regulus
calendula
Regulus calendula
Ruby-crowned kinglet
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4454078998
shard-06920.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-06920.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_a9b70d12-0111-4195-874d-e21efcd7c13e.parquet
d5cda933-b054-4eae-ac2e-58be9f8aaf85
https://xeno-canto.org/s…265505-large.png
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Corvidae
Aphelocoma
ultramarina
Aphelocoma ultramarina
Transvolcanic Jay
gbif
Xeno-canto Foundation for Nature Sounds
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2243672905
shard-00796.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-00796.tar
data/source=gbif/server=xeno-canto.org/data_548858da-b3cd-41de-9200-ae05141f598b.parquet
d6ca78eb-8170-4e55-8b7f-0e85e5e428e3
https://inaturalist-open…20/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Dione
vanillae
Dione vanillae
Gulf fritillary
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3873220303
shard-00451.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-00451.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_201511d2-ea5c-4974-a3d8-68b51e6f90ac.parquet
a957f670-6acc-482e-9cfc-b8803694426f
https://inaturalist-open…41/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theridiidae
Cryptachaea
veruculata
Cryptachaea veruculata
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4442346313
shard-13318.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-13318.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_41a8d2d7-8d49-4b2d-aa0a-8cb116266661.parquet
d729873b-295a-4442-8ca2-e9f2eb4a12c1
https://inaturalist-open…172/original.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Caudata
Plethodontidae
Desmognathus
null
Desmognathus
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3455288901
shard-07937.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07937.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_ee83e941-66cb-4dc2-a4ca-a3ead04df0d9.parquet
c4630ae0-111b-49d4-9d7e-27c68530c966
https://d2seqvvyy3b8p2.c…baa2f7a08a0f.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Lobelia
spathopetala
Lobelia spathopetala
null
gbif
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
4535509363
shard-19669.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-19669.tar
data/source=gbif/server=d2seqvvyy3b8p2.cloudfront.net/data_6e34f3b8-ea50-4d25-8168-ee76bb28c761.parquet
563f9115-c40f-43c6-9e10-9ab7775bc76f
https://inaturalist-open…93/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Rubiaceae
Stenaria
nigricans
Stenaria nigricans
Diamondflowers
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3772632740
shard-08299.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-08299.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_f86d64db-644b-4cc6-b4d9-bb7dc891df1a.parquet
2cf92b06-847d-4ea7-9652-6cddccb7ba2a
https://inaturalist-open…74/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Blattodea
Blattidae
Blatta
orientalis
Blatta orientalis
Oriental cockroach
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3760283646
shard-01571.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-01571.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_458dac16-9eaf-420e-b4b9-0cea11453f1f.parquet
474d7541-d967-48e3-af7e-7c520ef16421
https://inaturalist-open…048/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Apis
mellifera
Apis mellifera
Honey bee
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3385023710
shard-01057.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-01057.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_869d6076-299f-4c1b-8aa3-016e42326243.parquet
39859b5c-db7c-4c6e-8acb-2151c22dd8b3
https://d2seqvvyy3b8p2.c…e54fb9aac656.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Dendrocalamus
giganteus
Dendrocalamus giganteus
Giant bamboo
gbif
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
4607952302
shard-18394.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-18394.tar
data/source=gbif/server=d2seqvvyy3b8p2.cloudfront.net/data_bcd4cd29-6503-43d4-be47-f4b8b1872a05.parquet
016a7b4a-7d01-4eea-bde7-7f422e7b6b26
https://www.artportalen.…9dcbef_image.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Lagomorpha
Leporidae
Lepus
timidus
Lepus timidus
skogshare
gbif
SLU Artdatabanken
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2272373729
shard-12151.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-12151.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.artportalen.se/data_be928648-5af9-4f26-8930-5e6b0f542298.parquet
46c26e92-b1a3-481e-a9b7-a6f22c1d098d
https://inaturalist-open…835/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Isocoma
menziesii
Isocoma menziesii
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2429304032
shard-20399.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-20399.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_44beb0e1-391a-4b17-82bf-536981a1c3a2.parquet
a8e06a7f-2d46-4ec1-b859-e2c018547c8f
https://inaturalist-open…70/original.jpeg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Laniidae
Lanius
bucephalus
Lanius bucephalus
Bull-headed shrike
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3985776483
shard-18922.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-18922.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_ba0eaeb2-26e8-495e-a40f-867e1b068025.parquet
514e2858-df9e-4e24-9dd4-8a66ed30a8c2
https://inaturalist-open…976/original.jpg
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Meliolales
Armatellaceae
Armatella
litseae
Armatella litseae
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3785027788
shard-09935.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-09935.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_3fbed2ae-f959-4b22-8d39-91c4f82928c1.parquet
e03599e4-6765-4b80-bfec-2e0952e4d05a
https://inaturalist-open…18/original.jpeg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Turdidae
Sialia
currucoides
Sialia currucoides
Mountain bluebird
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4116296272
shard-17236.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-17236.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_fc0683f3-4ec4-409c-8dfb-f9c313c172d4.parquet
3187aaba-c25f-4c01-9746-8f505b04ab10
https://inaturalist-open…57/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Violaceae
Viola
cucullata
Viola cucullata
Marsh blue violet
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4080955612
shard-14026.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-14026.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_80965763-dd65-4936-ba32-767feb7cb020.parquet
0aaf392b-2580-42a9-8ae7-969ee4583622
https://inaturalist-open…418/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Galgula
partita
Galgula partita
Wedgeling
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3330790752
shard-16545.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-16545.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_6428ba24-8d01-41b0-bf9e-1d307e9ce791.parquet
23ee3d6d-69f9-4fdb-9e18-c85e47f4c4e5
https://inaturalist-open…113/original.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Vireonidae
Vireo
flavifrons
Vireo flavifrons
Yellow-throated vireo
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4414116770
shard-07597.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07597.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_e51bbb58-badf-4ed0-a1e7-67d3e9afad23.parquet
c31ac8dd-057f-428f-8c50-97f74ad9f742
https://inaturalist-open…777/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum
Garden tomato
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2980955668
shard-07831.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07831.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_ddc494ab-6f23-44df-b72d-14e36c5492c4.parquet
844f318b-70eb-4762-a630-e444130692f8
https://inaturalist-open…98/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Martyniaceae
Proboscidea
louisianica
Proboscidea louisianica
Elephant tusks
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4516320681
shard-10648.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-10648.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_0f883dce-b4d1-42f9-9e01-37257d966241.parquet
e8be41af-1242-45e9-b68b-317598877f3c
https://inaturalist-open…831/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Lethocerus
distinctifemur
Lethocerus distinctifemur
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3860213634
shard-19953.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-19953.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_7e4e91ff-dbec-4317-9b80-4e0ef92d498d.parquet
73a37575-7727-49bf-8108-c527dbf59573
http://mediaphoto.mnhn.fr/media/1441341305309SmvgaR7Uar5ZhEr9
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Smallanthus
riparius
Smallanthus riparius
null
gbif
MNHN - Museum national d'Histoire naturelle
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
438769193
shard-18172.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-18172.tar
data/source=gbif/server=mediaphoto.mnhn.fr/data_8b00aadc-6f9b-4621-a451-a8d63daf9a7f.parquet
37aebf45-2ade-4ffe-8566-a7b6f9493b39
https://inaturalist-open…56/original.jpeg
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Phallales
Phallaceae
Phallus
impudicus
Phallus impudicus
Common stinkhorn
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3994057719
shard-09479.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-09479.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_22368b17-9891-4279-b12b-0e08a16cc94e.parquet
19665034-87f9-48ef-a296-af8e9b007e7b
https://www.artportalen.…c7e6aa_image.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Berytidae
Berytinus
minor
Berytinus minor
Stilt bug
gbif
SLU Artdatabanken
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
1669279082
shard-22472.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-22472.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.artportalen.se/data_d074f62a-7f9c-4014-9968-8f04c3379922.parquet
532bf588-d60d-440d-bb18-d3bb80dc2808
https://www.unimus.no/felles/bilder/web_hent_bilde.php?id=12968601&type=jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Pycnanthemum
verticillatum
Pycnanthemum verticillatum
Whorled mountain-mint
gbif
University of Oslo
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
1302877818
shard-08567.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-08567.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.unimus.no/data_baaeea77-7fa1-4696-a312-5c784272ffe2.parquet
48484ae9-683d-4e51-a6c4-60da309e3858
https://inaturalist-open…23/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Calamagrostis
arundinacea
Calamagrostis arundinacea
Metskastik
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3963549508
shard-16081.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-16081.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_bff5108f-964a-4fad-981d-94734608d604.parquet
aecb628d-7e98-474a-a498-944bac9b49b0
https://inaturalist-open…45/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Cyperaceae
Carex
retroflexa
Carex retroflexa
Reflexed sedge
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3859033677
shard-20765.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-20765.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_3392d74e-e329-4bd5-8a79-134e1f931d2f.parquet
b8730ad4-e013-4283-8685-df97a825dcf6
http://mediaphoto.mnhn.fr/media/1441313199693xX4YusIMvKgEedwV
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Amaryllidaceae
Allium
null
Allium
null
gbif
MNHN - Museum national d'Histoire naturelle
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
465160671
shard-03547.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-03547.tar
data/source=gbif/server=mediaphoto.mnhn.fr/data_253b8ead-d73d-4f5c-a4cb-de2189c15f05.parquet
89bce6ec-b4a8-4df4-876a-945b863ce1b8
https://inaturalist-open…58/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Libellulidae
Macrodiplax
cora
Macrodiplax cora
Coastal glider
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3947161675
shard-03856.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-03856.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_0695c5b0-7db6-405e-9c69-4268722d5b8d.parquet
152dc54f-ab58-4782-b19e-f7bf17e5d62c
https://www.artportalen.…8c1b57_image.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Lycaenidae
Lycaena
virgaureae
Lycaena virgaureae
vitfläckig guldvinge
gbif
SLU Artdatabanken
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2295173851
shard-20414.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-20414.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.artportalen.se/data_c953a043-d1b1-4f8b-903b-5716164b173c.parquet
63c4aa40-a794-4d08-beef-30ae0a116b43
https://inaturalist-open…34/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Eurybia
macrophylla
Eurybia macrophylla
Big-leaved aster
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2366109894
shard-01906.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-01906.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_ef146f5c-6330-42c0-9c34-fa6f5fed9079.parquet
43d71c20-01ed-4ca9-aad2-fa972357c60a
https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/2fa7b9bc-befb-4660-afc1-61eb730011f3
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Odontopera
bidentata
Odontopera bidentata
Scalloped hazel
gbif
Natural History Museum
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Insect
1826329516
shard-17340.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-17340.tar
data/source=gbif/server=data.nhm.ac.uk/data_e3ea5545-bf00-49bb-801e-ac03c06d7a8d.parquet
0e5c90ac-12b0-4363-962b-73913613583e
https://inaturalist-open…362/original.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Corvidae
Coloeus
monedula
Coloeus monedula
Western jackdaw
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4407430976
shard-21869.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-21869.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_eca47fd5-b237-4cc3-a51f-b1f126f11130.parquet
aef313d7-e001-4971-ad24-bca426194038
https://inaturalist-open…307/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Coptis
aspleniifolia
Coptis aspleniifolia
Fern-leaved goldthread
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2864744559
shard-00710.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-00710.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_a0534ce2-995b-47f4-b233-19c150641685.parquet
58318ff1-9a0b-4e7e-ba73-666fd2b1e761
https://inaturalist-open…673/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
impatiens
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4414357304
shard-02822.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-02822.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_3227070f-ce9a-46ab-9aab-cf57412c7b73.parquet
9cf6a9c9-9c60-4d07-b182-dd8a02c6c030
http://nansh.org/imglib/seinet/swnode/VT/UVMVT319/UVMVT319441_lg.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Eriochloa
contracta
Eriochloa contracta
Prairie cup grass
gbif
The University of Vermont Pringle Herbarium
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
4010603421
shard-13975.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-13975.tar
data/source=gbif/server=nansh.org/data_7cbf0bac-d49e-4c48-b8aa-43e3e43a4644.parquet
1b46ca84-6fb7-47ec-9d7a-d0d30dfb74c0
https://inaturalist-open…41/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Cyperaceae
Scirpus
atrovirens
Scirpus atrovirens
Black bulrush
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3385049460
shard-21593.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-21593.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_bcddbf91-240d-49de-9a32-859e4ab26958.parquet
35b5a094-eabb-49ea-bfd9-5b9af9308631
http://images.mobot.org/tropicosimages4/detailimages/TropicosImagesVol4/100954000/56928A32-2808-4E13-9D74-BA1BF5A5CBEC.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Bromeliaceae
Lemeltonia
monadelpha
Lemeltonia monadelpha
null
gbif
Missouri Botanical Garden
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
4031639459
shard-22363.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-22363.tar
data/source=gbif/server=images.mobot.org/data_d47ff153-50a4-4713-a2f8-3b845745f0a2.parquet
b95e20c9-a52d-4792-93be-758653f64630
http://mediaphoto.mnhn.fr/media/1441376536607Lxw96Dd1qpNY34oh
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Vaccinium
corymbosum
Vaccinium corymbosum
Blueberry
gbif
MNHN - Museum national d'Histoire naturelle
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
607583140
shard-13903.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-13903.tar
data/source=gbif/server=mediaphoto.mnhn.fr/data_2496b92b-baf9-4264-8eb5-8e823bda2012.parquet
7602fa9b-9f17-4cc0-bd8d-1bcc22bfb2ac
https://bs.plantnet.org/image/o/86ebc46588198eee63386e24ea59880216d48f83
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Viburnaceae
Viburnum
tinus
Viburnum tinus
Laurustinus
gbif
Pl@ntNet
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3949108714
shard-15142.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-15142.tar
data/source=gbif/server=bs.plantnet.org/data_605b9295-c489-46b8-983b-b47e58d48f4b.parquet
31965940-fc86-4ea1-a039-ca7cea0936c5
https://inaturalist-open…247/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Boraginales
Heliotropiaceae
Heliotropium
curassavicum
Heliotropium curassavicum
Seaside heliotrope
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3860807354
shard-09803.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-09803.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_436dba5d-4b96-47af-84bc-c38855a1bb24.parquet
072d1e66-b91d-42e9-9a90-08b15c6972a8
https://inaturalist-open…56/original.jpeg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Passerellidae
Melospiza
melodia
Melospiza melodia
Song sparrow
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3302322051
shard-03660.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-03660.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_d7f223f2-3c52-4224-8204-106de43dbb76.parquet
7762a014-2212-4943-838d-17bbffb72cf0
https://inaturalist-open…124/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Pararge
Lasiommata megera
Pararge Lasiommata megera
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3888892878
shard-14841.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-14841.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_a5e9a529-65ca-48a6-9810-79ea8b0fba10.parquet
e5ad1c55-eece-4b6b-b177-24f09981e5c2
https://oxalis.br.fgov.b…000013739829.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Pupalia
lappacea
Pupalia lappacea
null
gbif
Meise Botanic Garden
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
1839885490
shard-07841.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-07841.tar
data/source=gbif/server=oxalis.br.fgov.be/data_fac50795-daa6-43d4-91fd-0b2e468b5b97.parquet
ebca8c73-214b-4aab-af26-9c51a26c4306
https://inaturalist-open…01/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Geraniales
Geraniaceae
Pelargonium
pulverulentum
Pelargonium pulverulentum
Powdered-leaf pelargonium
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4465655378
shard-12172.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-12172.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_066af0f1-140f-49d0-b82e-685bd6e3672d.parquet
064dfa31-9934-47b8-b592-53086124904c
https://inaturalist-open…005/original.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Turdidae
Turdus
merula
Turdus merula
Common blackbird
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2423113665
shard-18976.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-18976.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_9975fda3-a995-4743-b376-8e1afaf4d2e3.parquet
c6a9e279-74f1-4bd0-984b-8dcbaa409525
https://inaturalist-open…60/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Coenonympha
leander
Coenonympha leander
Russian heath
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2980807182
shard-21719.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-21719.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_8f223e96-3a5c-456d-82f7-281a1b703c53.parquet
a4ad5a63-6480-4f34-a7e3-f88a7b86238e
https://inaturalist-open…469/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Plantaginaceae
Linaria
vulgaris
Linaria vulgaris
Butter and eggs
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2856618290
shard-21884.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-21884.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_f38c3012-1062-41be-acf5-26640516ff9f.parquet
58dc0063-821a-4387-bb93-12251c0eb932
https://sernecportal.org…091/GA091850.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella
apoda
Selaginella apoda
Creeping spikemoss
gbif
University of Georgia Herbarium [GA]
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
3709848346
shard-13665.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-13665.tar
data/source=gbif/server=sernecportal.org/data_7356894f-7c90-4660-b0e9-7c1e8d6944b7.parquet
4610b00f-c9d1-485c-8b71-4f5c7626462a
https://sernecportal.org…0/NLU0130955.jpg
incertae sedis
null
null
null
null
null
null
incertae sedis
null
gbif
Botanical Research Institute of Texas
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Uncategorized
4102391769
shard-17972.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-17972.tar
data/source=gbif/server=sernecportal.org/data_604c30a1-12b2-4963-8761-45010ba85a6c.parquet
c3ad916c-ce56-4a65-b563-e1c1239e8e21
https://inaturalist-open…940/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Cardamine
diphylla
Cardamine diphylla
Broad-leaved toothwort
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3915274486
shard-03019.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-03019.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_29864405-ae18-4b16-9dcb-222a6895dbd9.parquet
48de8fd4-4b44-4b45-9b29-a67011c53cff
https://inaturalist-open…81/original.jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Agiortia
pedicellata
Agiortia pedicellata
null
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4512159780
shard-22879.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-22879.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_cadc14db-1a0a-495c-8e61-6c6f5dabd460.parquet
cafa7380-ec35-44db-93fc-d8b2bdd03cc3
https://inaturalist-open…275/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Dolichovespula
maculata
Dolichovespula maculata
Bald-faced hornet
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2563467970
shard-16499.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-16499.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_234df9a3-2c6e-4acc-bdda-bd8be3522982.parquet
30ef08ad-ead4-4d17-9034-7d004e633f09
https://inaturalist-open…610/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Echinochloa
crus-galli
Echinochloa crus-galli
Cockspur
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
3925156856
shard-17888.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-17888.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_bfbd9cde-2902-47e8-b2f7-1f6ae818d253.parquet
cc0bc475-6373-443c-baf9-19d869ba3541
https://inaturalist-open…439/original.jpg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Pinopsida
Pinales
Cupressaceae
Taxodium
distichum
Taxodium distichum
Bald cypress
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4116219141
shard-02878.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-02878.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_38b09bbd-82e2-43ae-bd37-45fd9d00d2fb.parquet
b4a1d156-d977-446f-9d39-09947ffdaa18
https://www.artsobservas…3763c6_image.jpg
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Cantharellales
Hydnaceae
Craterellus
tubaeformis
Craterellus tubaeformis
Yellowfoot
gbif
The Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre (NBIC)
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2897790387
shard-12311.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-12311.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.artsobservasjoner.no/data_1ab44651-5b34-4a6a-9328-bf27bdda3789.parquet
7955afba-9098-4238-8bbd-5088e72a283e
https://inaturalist-open…46/original.jpeg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Saturniidae
Actias
luna
Actias luna
Luna moth
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2859918777
shard-00474.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-00474.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_54d390be-a41e-44ad-b3a4-4956ab076b36.parquet
00c77337-b7c6-4073-91b4-325e20f25253
https://inaturalist-open…921/original.jpg
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Vanessa
atalanta
Vanessa atalanta
Red admiral
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
4162250735
shard-08101.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-08101.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_8d5d384e-9c2d-41f3-a311-b7106ea8638c.parquet
cc3e8cd0-b993-4fdf-ae35-27880edf1597
https://inaturalist-open…026/original.jpg
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
null
Colubridae
Nerodia
sipedon
Nerodia sipedon
Northern water snake
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
2868371673
shard-09864.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-09864.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_a86727c7-1f2e-4bb0-b041-49b26fdfa08a.parquet
a0a1ee3e-8d3d-4fe7-8059-48a07950bf66
https://www.unimus.no/felles/bilder/web_hent_bilde.php?id=13822369&type=jpeg
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Milium
effusum
Milium effusum
Wood millet
gbif
University of Oslo
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
1701926319
shard-06471.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-06471.tar
data/source=gbif/server=www.unimus.no/data_8f7671b8-fc18-4c79-8733-90a01b95c7b1.parquet
bd52abab-f57a-4767-a6f4-4e919ae372a2
https://inaturalist-open…18/original.jpeg
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Pelecaniformes
Ardeidae
Ardea
cinerea
Ardea cinerea
Grey heron
gbif
iNaturalist.org
HUMAN_OBSERVATION
Citizen Science
1831178662
shard-16679.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-16679.tar
data/source=gbif/server=inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/data_43034519-8ccf-4e15-8ece-ec4dfe3cc5ca.parquet
d32c254a-db76-4204-961d-42e72cf90fa0
https://medialib.naturalis.nl/file/id/L.2983939/format/large
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Campanula
persicifolia
Campanula persicifolia
Peach-leaved bellflower
gbif
Naturalis Biodiversity Center
PRESERVED_SPECIMEN
Museum Specimen: Plant
2516341518
shard-14726.tar
200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-14726.tar
data/source=gbif/server=medialib.naturalis.nl/data_c929ae48-3e14-4aa9-8dfd-bfa458cf21db.parquet
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

Dataset Card for TreeOfLife-200M

With nearly 214 million images representing 952,257 taxa across the tree of life, TreeOfLife-200M is the largest and most diverse public ML-ready dataset for computer vision models in biology at release. This dataset combines images and metadata from four core biodiversity data providers: Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Encyclopedia of Life (EOL), BIOSCAN-5M, and FathomNet to more than double the number of unique taxa covered by TreeOfLife-10M, adding 50 million more images than BioTrove (and nearly triple the unique taxa). TreeOfLife-200M also increases image context diversity with museum specimen, camera trap, and citizen science images well-represented (see Image Types). Our rigorous curation process ensures each image has the most specific taxonomic label possible and that the overall dataset provides a well-rounded foundation for training BioCLIP 2 and future biology foundation models.

Dataset Details

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

Image Classification, Zero-shot and few-shot Classification.

Dataset Contents

/dataset/
    catalog.parquet
    embeddings/
      txt_emb_species.json
      txt_emb_species.npy
    metadata/
        Darwin-finches.csv
        eol_metadata/
            media_manifest.csv
            taxon.tab
        fathom_metadata.csv
        provenance.parquet   # For full Dataset
        resolved_taxa/       # product of TaxonoPy
            source=bioscan/
            source=eol/
            source=fathomnet/
            source=gbif/

The embeddings/ directory contains the BioCLIP 2 text embeddings for all 190,988,120 images with full taxonomic labels in the TreeOfLife-200M dataset. See embeddings/README.md for more information.

To avoid republishing existing datasets or interfering with original data source providers' ability to track use of their data, we provide all metadata here with step-by-step reproduction instructions in the GitHub repository to download the images and recreate the proper webdataset structure. This process will produce a collection of files named shard-######.tar in a train folder with which to work.

Inside each shard is a collection of images (named <uuid>.jpg), for which each has the following files:

<uuid>.com.txt
<uuid>.common_name.txt
<uuid>.jpg
<uuid>.sci.txt
<uuid>.sci_com.txt
<uuid>.scientific_name.txt
<uuid>.taxon.txt
<uuid>.taxonTag.txt
<uuid>.taxonTag_com.txt
<uuid>.taxon_com.txt
<uuid>.taxonomic_name.txt

Data Instances

Each image in this dataset is matched to the 7-rank Linnean taxonomy and common name of the subject of the image (where available). Examples of these text types is provided below. 89% (190,988,120) of the images have full taxonomic labels (for more context, see discussion on labeling challenges in biodiversity data under Considerations for Use). In addition to the biodiversity introduced (952,257 unique taxa), these images also span a variety of settings (or "images types"), the three main categories we highlight being museum specimen, camera trap, and citizen science images. Counts for these and more specific museum specimen subcategories (as used in processing) are provide in a table below.

Text Types

Text Type Example
Common name Narrow-leaved meadow-grass
Scientific name Poa angustifolia
Taxonomic label Plantae Tracheophyta Liliopsida Poales Poaceae Poa angustifolia

Image Types (GBIF only)

Image Type Number of Images
Camera-trap 617.8K
Citizen Science 151M
Museum Specimen: Fungi 599.5K
Museum Specimen: Insect 7.9M
Museum Specimen: Invertebrate Zoology 1.7M
Museum Specimen: Microbiology 38.7K
Museum Specimen: Plant 39.7M
Museum Specimen: Uncategorized 1M
Museum Specimen: Vertebrate Zoology - Amphibians 36.2K
Museum Specimen: Vertebrate Zoology - Birds 435.3K
Museum Specimen: Vertebrate Zoology - Fishes 199.7K
Museum Specimen: Vertebrate Zoology - Mammals 129.1K
Museum Specimen: Vertebrate Zoology - Others 137K

Data Fields

catalog.parquet

  • uuid: unique identifier for the image in this dataset, created at time of download.
  • source_url: URL from which the image was downloaded, used to preview image in viewer.
  • kingdom: kingdom to which the subject of the image belongs (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Chromista, Protozoa, Bacteria, Viruses, Archaea, and less than 1% unresolved cases, e.g., Metazoa and incertae sedis).
  • phylum: phylum to which the subject of the image belongs.
  • class: class to which the subject of the image belongs.
  • order: order to which the subject of the image belongs.
  • family: family to which the subject of the image belongs.
  • genus: genus to which the subject of the image belongs.
  • species: species to which the subject of the image belongs; note that this is the specific epithet.
  • scientific_name: <Genus> <species> of the subject of the image, or most specific taxonomic rank available.
  • common: vernacular name associated with the subject of the image where available. Common name is sourced from GBIF vernacular names provided in the GBIF Backbone Taxonomy.
  • data_source: source from which the record was obtained (gbif, eol, bioscan, or fathomnet).
  • publisher: the organization or entity that published the data (exclusive to GBIF records).
  • basisOfRecord: basis of the record (e.g., PRESERVED_SPECIMEN, HUMAN_OBSERVATION, MACHINE_OBSERVATION; exclusive to GBIF records).
  • img_type: the type of the associated image or its subject (e.g., Museum Specimen: Fungi, Citizen Science, Camera-trap), as defined by our processing (exclusive to GBIF records; EOL, BIOSCAN, and FathomNet images are all classified as `Unidentified).
  • source_id: unique identifier for the image used by the source.
    • Note: for GBIF, this is gbifID which is unique to the occurrence containing the image. For EOL, this is <EOL Content ID>_<EOL Page ID>, the first of which is not a persistent identifier.
  • shard_filename: name of shard containing the image.
  • shard_file_path: filepath of the shard containing the image.
    • ex: 200M_v1.1/224x224/shards/shard-00123.tar
  • base_dataset_file_path: filepath of the parquet file in the dataset containing the image.
    • ex: data/source=gbif/server=observation.org/data_7c3169bf-9670-4c03-86e7-c6d31436bb33.parquet

provenance.parquet: Provenance metadata for the full dataset.

  • uuid: unique identifier for the image in this dataset, created at time of download.
  • source_id: unique identifier for the image used by the source.
    • Note: for GBIF, this is gbifID which is unique to the occurrence containing the image. For EOL, this is <EOL Content ID>_<EOL Page ID>, the first of which is not a persistent identifier.
  • data_source: source from which the record was obtained (gbif, eol, bioscan, or fathomnet).
  • source_url: URL from which image was downloaded.
  • license_name: name of license attached to the image (eg., cc-by).
  • copyright_owner: copyright holder for the image, filled with not provided if no copyright owner was provided.
  • license_link: URL to the listed license, left null in the case that license_name is No known copyright restrictions.
  • title: title provided for the image, filled with not provided if no title was pro

Darwin-finches.csv: File for Darwin's finches embedding space evaluation completed in paper. Images are a represenative subset of the 18 species known as "Darwin's Finches" sampled from TreeOfLice-200M for this evaluation. Common names are from Avibase.

  • uuid: unique identifier for the image in this dataset, links to other TreeOfLife-200M metadata.

  • scientific_name: scientific name of the species.

  • filepath: <scientific_name>/<uuid>.jpg the expected filepath to the images when calling them from a directory with the images organized in subfolders determined by the scientific name of the bird in the image.

  • common_name: common name used by Avibase for the species.

  • group: the "group" to which the bird belongs ('tree finches', 'warbler finches', 'ground finches', 'cactus finches', 'vampire finch', 'Cocos finch', or 'vegetarian finch'), as determined by name and the paper, Lamichhaney, S., Berglund, J., Almén, M. et al. Evolution of Darwin’s finches and their beaks revealed by genome sequencing. Nature 518, 371–375 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14181.

    group image counts:

    group name number of images
    ground finches 180
    tree finches 145
    cactus finches 133
    warbler finches 100
    Cocos finch 50
    vegetarian finch 50
    vampire finch 19

EOL-specific Files

media_manifest.csv: File with license, source, and copyright holder associated to each image from EOL listed in catalog.parquet and provenance.parquet; use <EOL Content ID>_<EOL Page ID> to match on source_id for provenance.parquet. Remaining columns are

  • EOL content ID: unique identifier within EOL database for images sourced from EOL. Note that EOL content IDs are not stable.
  • EOL page ID: identifier of page from which images from EOL are sourced. Note that an image's association to a particular page ID may change with updates to the EOL (or image provider's) hierarchy. However, EOL taxon page IDs are stable.
  • Medium Source URL: URL pointing to source of image.
  • EOL Full-Size Copy URL: URL to access the full-sized image; this is the URL from which the image was downloaded for this dataset (see Initial Data Collection and Normalization for more information on this process).
  • License Name: name of license attached to the image (e.g., cc-by).
  • Copyright Owner: copyright holder for the image, filled with not provided if no copyright owner was provided.

taxon.tab: Tab-delimited file with taxonomic information for EOL images based on EOL page IDs.

  • taxonID: unique identifier for the file.
  • source: often <source>:<id> where the source corresponds to the domain of the furtherInformationURL. The ID likely corresponds to an ID at the source.
  • furtherInformationURL: URL with more information on the indicated taxon.
  • acceptedNameUsageID: taxonID for the name accepted to represent this entry. Less than a third of these are non-null
  • parentNameUsageID: taxonID of taxonomic rank above the indicated taxonRank in the hierarchy (eg., the taxonID of the genus Atadinus for the Atadinus fallax (Boiss.) Hauenschild entry).
  • scientificName: scientific name associated with the EOL page (<canonicalName> <authority>, authority as available).
  • taxonRank: lowest rank of the taxonomic tree indicated (eg., genus or species), occasionally not indicated, even for accepted names.
  • taxonomicStatus: whether the name is accepted by EOL or not (accepted or not accepted, correspond to existence of non-null eolID or acceptedNameUsageID entry, respectively).
  • datasetID: generally corresponds to the source identified in source column.
  • canonicalName: the name(s) associate with the taxonRank (eg., <Genus> <species> for species).
  • authority: usually name of person who assigned the name, with the year as available.
  • eolID: the EOL page ID (only non-null when taxonomicStatus is accepted by EOL).
  • Landmark: numeric values, meaning unknown, mostly null.
  • higherClassification: labeling in the EOL Dynamic Hierarchy above the taxonRank (eg., Life|Cellular Organisms|Eukaryota|Opisthokonta|Metazoa|Bilateria|Protostomia|Ecdysozoa|Arthropoda|Pancrustacea|Hexapoda|Insecta|Pterygota|Neoptera|Endopterygota|Coleoptera|Adephaga|Carabidae|Paussus).

FathomNet Specific File

fathom_metadata.csv: Metadata file with FathomNet images identifiers and associated bounding boxes. This is required to fetch FathomNet images since there are multiple bounding boxes used from some images to generate final TreeOfLife-200M images.

  • uuid: unique identifier to match to catalog and provenance parquet files.
  • x,y: together these columns give the reference coordinate from which to construct the bounding boxes.
  • width: width in pixels of bounding box the image came from.
  • height: height in pixels of bounding box the image came from. This file is required along with provenance.parquet to fetch all the FathomNet images since some are pulled from bounding boxes around different creatures in the same base image.

Data Splits

This entire dataset was used for training the model. We used 11 biologically-relevant datasets for various species classification tests of the model trained on this dataset; they are described (briefly) and linked to below.

Test Sets

BioCLIP 2 was tested on the same 10 biologically-relevant benchmarks as BioCLIP, though we used NABirds in place of Birds 525, since the latter is no longer available online. We also curated IDLE-OO Camera Traps.

  • NABirds: 48K images of the 400 most common North American birds (based on observation counts), with at least 100 images per species. Includes age and sex annotations that we used for evaluation.
  • Meta-Album: Specifically, we used the Plankton, Insects, Insects 2, PlantNet, Fungi, PlantVillage, and Medicinal Leaf datasets.
  • Rare Species: Balanced benchmark dataset with 400 species (30 images per species) listed under 5 IUCN Red List categories (Near Threatened, Vulnerable, Endangered, Critically Endangered, and Extinct in the Wild).
  • IDLE-OO Camera Traps: A new benchmark we curated from a combination of 5 different LILA BC camera trap datasets with image-level labels. These were filtered to contain only images with a single species of animal in frame.

Additional hierarchical structure and embedding space evaluation was done using images of Darwin's Finches sourced from the training data (in metadata/Darwin-finches.csv). These species are not evenly represented in the dataset, so 12 of them have 50 images each, but the remaining six species (Geospiza propinqua, Geospiza acutirostris, Camarhynchus psittacula, Geospiza septentrionalis, Camarhynchus pauper, Camarhynchus heliobates) have between 8 and 33 representative images (listed in decreasing order).

Other non-species classification tasks were also used for testing, and are described in the BioCLIP 2 model card and our paper.

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

TreeOfLife-200M was curated for the purpose of training a biological foundation model. In particular, we aimed to increase the both the biodiversity of available training data (i.e., from that available in TreeOfLife-10M) and the raw number of images available (i.e., from that of BioTrove). We also performed extensive data curation beyond that used for either of these training datasets: aligning taxonomic labels, removing images of labels or folders associated to specimens, removing noisy citizen science and camera trap images, and ensuring no identifiable humans are in the images (more info below).

We have expanded coverage across the 2.14M described species estimated by The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as of March 2025, with particularly strong representation of threatened species (77.1% of species across threatened categories are represented in TreeOfLife-200M). This coverage and the implications are discussed in greater detail in our paper.

Source Data

TreeOfLife-200M is composed of images from the following four core data providers:

  1. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), which is a major biological data aggregator cataloging biodiversity data from citizen science sources (e.g., iNaturalist), museum collections (e.g., from the Smithsonian Institution, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle), and camera trap collections (e.g., from the Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)).
  • GBIF provides a DOI for the occurrence snapshot we downloaded (GBIF occurrence 2024-05-01 snapshot with filter "occurrenceStatus": "PRESENT" (DOI: https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.bfv433)).
  • This manifest was further filtered for only Still Images, those with gbifID and identifier, and those not labeled as images of text documents prior to download.
    • Note: there is only one category ("basisOfRecord": "MATERIAL_CITATION") that describes images of textual documents (these are a particular type of document that describes species).
  • Further filtereing and processing steps are described below.
  1. Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Another large biological data aggregator (greatest source of biodiversity in TreeOfLife-10M).
  • EOL does not have a versioned release like GBIF, so recreating this dataset requires use of metadata/eol_metadata/media_manifest.csv and metadata/eol_metadata/taxon.tab (this is just if one wants to reproduce our process, the provided catalog and provenance parquets are sufficient to reproduce a copy of the dataset).
  • Images used for the Rare Species dataset were removed from this collection (by MD5) to avoid data leakage.
  • Further filtereing and processing steps are described below.
  1. BIOSCAN-5M: Collection of primarily insect specimen images, hand-labeled by experts. Other Arthropoda classes account for 2% of the 5M images. 93% of the images in the dataset are not labeled to the species level.
  • This dataset was ready to use, and we followed access instructions in their repository (specifically downloading through the Google Drive link).
  • The inclusion of this data just required aligning the taxon labels with those of the other datasets (following the Annotation Process, described below).
  1. FathomNet: Collection of expert-annotated images of undersea creatures; this dataset focuses on a habitat instead of a clade.
  • This dataset required fetching image metadata through their API to generate a manifest, then a second pass to fetch bounding boxes for each image.
  • From these, "concepts" were extracted and GNVerifier was utilized to obtain the relevant taxonomic information.
    • Extracted taxonomic information required alignment (as described in Annotation Process, below).
  • Focal species were retrieved from each image following download using distributed-downloader.
    • Images with multiple focal species had each extracted into its own image utilizing the bounding box annotations, hence the inclusion of a fathom_metadata CSV to fetch all images. The process is described, with specific instructions, in TreeOfLife-toolbox/docs/FathomNet_download_README.

Both BIOSCAN-5M and FathomNet were included to help improve coverage of under-represented and highly diverse branches of the tree of life (Insecta is one of the most diverse classes and creatures that dwell in the ocean are much less commonly represented). The total number of dataset-wide taxonomic hierarchies that are uniquely contributed by each core data provider is provided below, with their total number of images contributed to exemplify this point.

Provider Unique Taxa Images
GBIF 586,898 203.5M
EOL 48,748 5.3M
BIOSCAN-5M 2,900 5.2M
FathomNet 251 37.9K

Data Curation and Processing

During download (with distributed-downloader), each image's size is checked: first that it is sufficiently large (224 pixels or more on shortest side) and excluded if not, and then the image is resized, if necessary, so that its largest side does not exceed 720 pixels. A hash of both the original and the resized image is recorded, and the hash of the original image is compared across the dataset to avoid introducing duplicate images. The metadata is still recorded, so that no information is lost (images may be uploaded to one site with more or less information than to another).

The taxonmic alignment process, which was applied to all source data, is described below in Annotations. The remaining processing was focused on (1) ensuring image quality and (2) eliminating duplication and data leakage, and is described below.

1. Ensuring Image Quality

We noted the varied image types included in the GBIF snapshot, above. The three main types (musuem specimen, camera trap, and citizen science images) each require special filtering processes to avoid introducing noisy data.

Musuem specimen collections are often photographed with both specimens and their associated text documents (e.g., labels, folders, tags) under the same occurrence. All images under a single occurrence share metadata, there is no distinction for the subject of the image. These images of text were filtered through a nearest-centroid classifier spanning 25 fine-grained subtypes; 11 collection areas (Fungi, Insect, Invertebrate Zoology, Microbiology, Plant, Uncategorized, and five classes of Vertebrate Zoology: Amphibians, Birds, Fishes, Mammals, Others) inspired by the Smithsonian Institution's collection categories, each further subdivided to classes such as preserved or fossil specimen, as labed by GBIF basisOfRecord. We manually curate an 8.5K set of examples on which to fit the classifier, which predicts a subtype for all museum images. All non-organismal images are then removed.

Camera trap occurrences are first filtered to only those with 15 images or less. MegaDetector is then applied to each occurrence to distinguish those with animals in them from "empty" frames. We remove these to avoid labeling a creature's habitat as the creature, particularly since we are training a foundation model for the full tree of life, meaning that plants are of interest in their own right and should not be mislabeled as animals.

  • Context: Some occurrences include large-volume camera-trap sequences, with up to 10,000 images. These occurrences have a single taxonomic label applied across all images, though there are different taxa (e.g, the first few frames had a duck, while later images have a swan, another a goose, but the label for all is a duck). In these cases, Megadetector often misclassifies empty frames or detects animals that do not match the intended taxa, leading to false positives. To reduce the risk of introducing such noise while still capturing relevant biodiversity, we filter the dataset to include only occurrences with 15 images or fewer.

Finally, images within citizen science occurrences are tested for similarity, and the mean pair-wise BioCLIP embedding distance is used to determine whether they fall into one of three categories: (1) those that are overly distinct (this can happen when images of different species are uploaded to the same observation), (2) those that exhibit "expected" variation, and (3) those that are exceedingly similar (this can occur when images from a single camera trap are uploaded to one observation). The images in (1) are removed (bottom 5th percentile), those in (2) are retained, and those in (3) are run through the camera trap processing described above.

We run MTCNN on all images from GBIF and EOL to detect and remove images containing identifiable human faces. BIOSCAN-5M and FathomNet Database do not have images with human faces requiring filtering.

2. Eliminating Duplication and Data Leakage

As noted above, MD5 hashes are taken of every image on download. This are highly sensitive, in that variation by a single pixel will result in a different hash between two images. Thus, these are used for an initial filter across all images to avoid duplication and the introduction of test set images (e.g., those from Rare Species that were sourced from EOL) into the training data. The next step is to check for test images by metadata; however, this is not always viable, as existing benchmarks do not always retain the connection to their orignal source data in a manner allowing this. We thus take perceptual PDQ hashes of every test image and all images from GBIF and EOL (with Medium Source URL from Flickr--these methods are not effective on museum specimen images), removing those with distance less than 10 from the training data.

The code for all of these processing steps, along with further details, is provided in TreeOfLife-toolbox.

Annotations

We standardized the taxonomic labels provided by the four core data providers to conform to a uniform 7-rank Linnean structure.

Kingdom Counts

Kingdom Number of Images
Animalia 102591559
Plantae 101881537
Fungi 7556801
Chromista 530234
Protozoa 184809
Bacteria 59109
Viruses 8587
Archaea 70

Annotation process

Taxonomic labels (kingdom, phylum, etc.) were standardized across the various data sources using the TaxonoPy package that we designed (in consultation with taxonomists) for this purpose. The TaxonoPy algorithm works to match each unique taxonomic string to the GBIF Backbone, Catalogue of Life, and OpenTree hierarchies (in that order). See TaxonoPy for more details on this process.

Who are the annotators?

TBA

Personal and Sensitive Information

None: These images come from existing, public biodiversity data repositories, and no GPS locations for the species in the images are included. We further used MTCNN on all images downloaded from GBIF and EOL to filter out identifiable images of people. There are no images with people in the BIOSCAN-5M or FathomNet Database to filter.

Considerations for Using the Data

We hope this dataset (and the model trained with it) can aid in conservation efforts and biodiversity research.

Bias, Risks, and Limitations

This dataset is imbalanced in its representation of various species with the greatest representation available for those in the phyla Tracheophyta, Arthropoda, and Chordata. The long-tailed distribution exhibited by taxonomic rank is to be expected working with biodiversity data, and results from both an imbalance in the availability of images and actual variance in class diversity. For instance, TreeOfLife-200M has a balanced representation between plants and animals (at the kingdom level), but animals represent a larger proportion of described species. Additionally, IUCN estimates 2,139,242 described species as of March 2025, the vast majority of which are invertebrates. Though described invertebrates outnumber vertebrates 20 to one, more than double the number of vertebrates have been evaluated (64K vertebrates to only 29K invertebrates) due to lack of available information.

Graph displaying counts for most represented taxonomic classes, emphasizes imbalance

Overall, 89% of images have full taxonomic labels. As discussed above, most of this gap is more indicative of the lack of consensus or available granularity in labeling, rather than missing information. BIOSCAN-5M is a good example of this, as the label granularity is still limited for insects (Insecta, one of the most diverse classes in the tree of life). In our resolved taxa for BIOSCAN-5M, 95.97% of images are labeled to the family level but only 30.78% and 6.81% of the images have genus or species indicated, respectively. This is a persistent challenge in species identification and part of the reason that large biological foundation models trained with taxonomic hierachies are useful. We highlight these taxonomic coverage limitations for a better understanding of both the data and our motivation, but do not wish to diminish the impact of our coverage of nearly 868K unique taxa labeled to the level of species; it far surpasses the species diversity of other well-known biological datasets.

We note also that our taxonomic resolution (TaxonoPy) resulted in less than 1% unresolved cases, e.g., Metazoa instead of Animalia or incertae sedis for kingdom:

Unresolved Kingdom Number of Images
incertae sedis 1060535
Archaeplastida 33923
Metazoa 24858
NULL 5253

Recommendations

It is always important to understand the data with which one is working and take each dataset's uniqueness into account. Some considerations for TreeOfLife-200M:

  • If using this dataset as more than just a training dataset (i.e., for validation or testing) be sure to keep source_id distinct across splits.
    • In these circumstances, it would also good to keep in mind that this dataset has a long-tail distribution (as one would expect from biological data).
  • As noted above, there are some unresolved/misaligned kingdoms. Depending on one's use-case, these may be dropped or another attempt at re-alignment might be made (for instance with an updated version of TaxonoPy, as we intend to add profiles to address these outliers).

Licensing Information

The data (images and text) contain a variety of licensing restrictions mostly within the CC family. Each image and text in this dataset is provided under the least restrictive terms allowed by its licensing requirements as provided to us (i.e, we impose no additional restrictions past those specified by licenses in the license file).

All BIOSCAN-5M images are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0).

FathomNet: All FathomNet images and annotations are shared under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND, more details on their terms).

EOL and GBIF images contain a variety of licenses ranging from CC0 to CC BY-NC-SA. The GBIF occurrence snapshot is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC)

For license and citation information by image, see our provenance file.

This dataset (the compilation) has been marked as dedicated to the public domain by applying the CC0 Public Domain Waiver. However, images are often licensed under different terms (as noted above).

Citation

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite both it and our associated paper, as well as the constituent datasets (source data providers).

BibTeX:

Data

@dataset{treeoflife_200m,
  title = {{T}ree{O}f{L}ife-200{M}}, 
  author = {Jianyang Gu and Samuel Stevens and Elizabeth G Campolongo and Matthew J Thompson and Net Zhang and Jiaman Wu and Andrei Kopanev and Zheda Mai and Alexander E. White and James Balhoff and Wasila M Dahdul and Daniel Rubenstein and Hilmar Lapp and Tanya Berger-Wolf and Wei-Lun Chao and Yu Su},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/imageomics/TreeOfLife-200M},
  doi = {},
  publisher = {Hugging Face}
}

Please also cite our paper:

@article{gu2025bioclip,
  title = {{B}io{CLIP} 2: Emergent Properties from Scaling Hierarchical Contrastive Learning}, 
  author = {Jianyang Gu and Samuel Stevens and Elizabeth G Campolongo and Matthew J Thompson and Net Zhang and Jiaman Wu and Andrei Kopanev and Zheda Mai and Alexander E. White and James Balhoff and Wasila M Dahdul and Daniel Rubenstein and Hilmar Lapp and Tanya Berger-Wolf and Wei-Lun Chao and Yu Su},
  year = {2025},
  eprint={2505.23883},
  archivePrefix={arXiv},
  primaryClass={cs.CV},
  url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23883},
}

Please be sure to also cite the original data sources and all constituent parts as appropriate.

Source Data Providers

GBIF:

@misc{GBIF-DOI,
  doi = {10.15468/DL.BFV433},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.bfv433},
  keywords = {GBIF, biodiversity, species occurrences},
  author = {GBIF.org},
  title = {{GBIF} Occurrence Download},
  publisher = {The Global Biodiversity Information Facility},
  month = {May},
  year = {2024},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 International}
}

EOL:

@misc{eol,
    author = {{Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)}},
    url = {https://eol.org},
    note = {Accessed August 2024}
}

BIOSCAN-5M:

@inproceedings{gharaee2024bioscan5m,
    title={{BIOSCAN-5M}: A Multimodal Dataset for Insect Biodiversity},
    booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
    author={Zahra Gharaee and Scott C. Lowe and ZeMing Gong and Pablo Millan Arias
        and Nicholas Pellegrino and Austin T. Wang and Joakim Bruslund Haurum
        and Iuliia Zarubiieva and Lila Kari and Dirk Steinke and Graham W. Taylor
        and Paul Fieguth and Angel X. Chang
    },
    editor={A. Globerson and L. Mackey and D. Belgrave and A. Fan and U. Paquet and J. Tomczak and C. Zhang},
    pages={36285--36313},
    publisher={Curran Associates, Inc.},
    year={2024},
    volume={37},
    url={https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2024/file/3fdbb472813041c9ecef04c20c2b1e5a-Paper-Datasets_and_Benchmarks_Track.pdf},
}

FathomNet:

@article{katija_fathomnet_2022,
    title = {{FathomNet}: {A} global image database for enabling artificial intelligence in the ocean},
    volume = {12},
    issn = {2045-2322},
    shorttitle = {{FathomNet}},
    url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-19939-2},
    doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-19939-2},
    number = {1},
    urldate = {2025-05-13},
    journal = {Scientific Reports},
    author = {Katija, Kakani and Orenstein, Eric and Schlining, Brian and Lundsten, Lonny and Barnard, Kevin and Sainz, Giovanna and Boulais, Oceane and Cromwell, Megan and Butler, Erin and Woodward, Benjamin and Bell, Katherine L. C.},
    month = sep,
    year = {2022},
    pages = {15914},
}

For license and citation information by image, see our provenance file.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Imageomics Institute, which is funded by the US National Science Foundation's Harnessing the Data Revolution (HDR) program under Award #2118240 (Imageomics: A New Frontier of Biological Information Powered by Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

Dataset Card Authors

Elizabeth G. Campolongo

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