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In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: All nine exposed workers were affected to various degrees .
### Output Text: | All nine exposed workers were affected to various degrees . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Both compounds are metabolised in the same way as 1 - bromo - 1 - chloro - 2 , 2 , 2 - trifluoroethane ( halothane ) to form reactive trifluoroacetyl halide intermediates , which have been implicated in the hepatotoxicity of halothane .
### Output Text: | Both compounds are metabolised in the same way as <span class="chemical">1 - bromo - 1 - chloro - 2 , 2 , 2 - trifluoroethane</span> ( <span class="chemical">halothane</span> ) to form reactive <span class="chemical">trifluoroacetyl</span> halide intermediates , which have been implicated in the hepatotoxicity of <span class="chemical">halothane</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: We aimed to test whether HCFCs 123 and 124 can result in serious liver disease .
### Output Text: | We aimed to test whether <span class="chemical">HCFCs 123 and 124</span> can result in serious liver disease . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: METHODS : For one severely affected worker liver biopsy and immunohistochemical stainings for the presence of trifluoroacetyl protein adducts were done .
### Output Text: | METHODS : For one severely affected worker liver biopsy and immunohistochemical stainings for the presence of <span class="chemical">trifluoroacetyl</span> protein adducts were done . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The serum of six affected workers and five controls was tested for autoantibodies that react with human liver cytochrome - P450 2E1 ( P450 2E1 ) and P58 protein disulphide isomerase isoform ( P58 ) .
### Output Text: | The serum of six affected workers and five controls was tested for autoantibodies that react with human liver cytochrome - P450 2E1 ( P450 2E1 ) and P58 protein disulphide isomerase isoform ( P58 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: FINDINGS : The liver biopsy sample showed hepatocellular necrosis which was prominent in perivenular zone three and extended focally from portal tracts to portal tracts and centrilobular areas ( bridging necrosis ) .
### Output Text: | FINDINGS : The liver biopsy sample showed hepatocellular necrosis which was prominent in perivenular zone three and extended focally from portal tracts to portal tracts and centrilobular areas ( bridging necrosis ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Trifluoroacetyl - adducted proteins were detected in surviving hepatocytes .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Trifluoroacetyl</span> - adducted proteins were detected in surviving hepatocytes . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Autoantibodies against P450 2E1 or P58 , previously associated with halothane hepatitis , were detected in the serum of five affected workers .
### Output Text: | Autoantibodies against P450 2E1 or P58 , previously associated with halothane hepatitis , were detected in the serum of five affected workers . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: INTERPRETATION : Repeated exposure of human beings to HCFCs 123 and 124 can result in serious liver injury in a large proportion of the exposed population .
### Output Text: | INTERPRETATION : Repeated exposure of human beings to <span class="chemical">HCFCs 123 and 124</span> can result in serious liver injury in a large proportion of the exposed population . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Although the exact mechanism of hepatotoxicity of these agents is not known , the results suggest that trifluoroacetyl - altered liver proteins are involved .
### Output Text: | Although the exact mechanism of hepatotoxicity of these agents is not known , the results suggest that <span class="chemical">trifluoroacetyl</span> - altered liver proteins are involved . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In view of the potentially widespread use of these compounds , there is an urgent need to develop safer alternatives .
### Output Text: | In view of the potentially widespread use of these compounds , there is an urgent need to develop safer alternatives . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Bile duct hamartoma occurring in association with long - term treatment with danazol .
### Output Text: | Bile duct hamartoma occurring in association with long - term treatment with <span class="chemical">danazol</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: We report a case of bile duct hamartoma which developed in a patient who had been on long - term danazol treatment .
### Output Text: | We report a case of bile duct hamartoma which developed in a patient who had been on long - term <span class="chemical">danazol</span> treatment . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Such patients should be under close follow - up , preferably with periodic ultrasound examination of the liver .
### Output Text: | Such patients should be under close follow - up , preferably with periodic ultrasound examination of the liver . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: If the patient develops a liver mass , because of non - specific clinical features and imaging appearances , biopsy may be the only way to achieve a definitive diagnosis .
### Output Text: | If the patient develops a liver mass , because of non - specific clinical features and imaging appearances , biopsy may be the only way to achieve a definitive diagnosis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Endocrine screening in 1 , 022 men with erectile dysfunction : clinical significance and cost - effective strategy .
### Output Text: | Endocrine screening in 1 , 022 men with erectile dysfunction : clinical significance and cost - effective strategy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: PURPOSE : We reviewed the results of serum testosterone and prolactin determination in 1 , 022 patients referred because of erectile dysfunction and compared the data with history , results of physical examination , other etiological investigations and effects of endocrine therapy to refine the rules of cost - effective endocrine screening and to pinpoint actual responsibility for hormonal abnormalities .
### Output Text: | PURPOSE : We reviewed the results of serum <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> and prolactin determination in 1 , 022 patients referred because of erectile dysfunction and compared the data with history , results of physical examination , other etiological investigations and effects of endocrine therapy to refine the rules of cost - effective endocrine screening and to pinpoint actual responsibility for hormonal abnormalities . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: MATERIALS AND METHODS : Testosterone and prolactin were determined by radioimmunoassay .
### Output Text: | MATERIALS AND METHODS : <span class="chemical">Testosterone</span> and prolactin were determined by radioimmunoassay . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Every patient was screened for testosterone and 451 were screened for prolactin on the basis of low sexual desire , gynecomastia or testosterone less than 4 ng . / ml .
### Output Text: | Every patient was screened for <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> and 451 were screened for prolactin on the basis of low sexual desire , gynecomastia or <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> less than 4 ng . / ml . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Determination was repeated in case of abnormal first results .
### Output Text: | Determination was repeated in case of abnormal first results . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Prolactin results were compared with those of a previous personal cohort of 1 , 340 patients with erectile dysfunction and systematic prolactin determination .
### Output Text: | Prolactin results were compared with those of a previous personal cohort of 1 , 340 patients with erectile dysfunction and systematic prolactin determination . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Main clinical criteria tested regarding efficiency in hormone determination were low sexual desire , small testes and gynecomastia .
### Output Text: | Main clinical criteria tested regarding efficiency in hormone determination were low sexual desire , small testes and gynecomastia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Endocrine therapy consisted of testosterone heptylate or human chorionic gonadotropin for hypogonadism and bromocriptine for hyperprolactinemia .
### Output Text: | Endocrine therapy consisted of <span class="chemical">testosterone heptylate</span> or human chorionic gonadotropin for hypogonadism and <span class="chemical">bromocriptine</span> for hyperprolactinemia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: RESULTS : Testosterone was less than 3 ng . / ml . in 107 patients but normal in 40 % at repeat determination .
### Output Text: | RESULTS : <span class="chemical">Testosterone</span> was less than 3 ng . / ml . in 107 patients but normal in 40 % at repeat determination . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The prevalence of repeatedly low testosterone increased with age ( 4 % before age 50 years and 9 % 50 years or older ) .
### Output Text: | The prevalence of repeatedly low <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> increased with age ( 4 % before age 50 years and 9 % 50 years or older ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Two pituitary tumors were discovered after testosterone determination .
### Output Text: | Two pituitary tumors were discovered after <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> determination . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Most of the other low testosterone levels seemed to result from nonorganic hypothalamic dysfunction because of normal serum luteinizing hormone and prolactin and to have only a small role in erectile dysfunction ( definite improvement in only 16 of 44 [ 36 % ] after androgen therapy , normal morning or nocturnal erections in 30 % and definite vasculogenic contributions in 42 % ) .
### Output Text: | Most of the other low <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> levels seemed to result from nonorganic hypothalamic dysfunction because of normal serum luteinizing hormone and prolactin and to have only a small role in erectile dysfunction ( definite improvement in only 16 of 44 [ 36 % ] after androgen therapy , normal morning or nocturnal erections in 30 % and definite vasculogenic contributions in 42 % ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Determining testosterone only in cases of low sexual desire or abnormal physical examination would have missed 40 % of the cases with low testosterone , including 37 % of those subsequently improved by androgen therapy .
### Output Text: | Determining <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> only in cases of low sexual desire or abnormal physical examination would have missed 40 % of the cases with low <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> , including 37 % of those subsequently improved by androgen therapy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Prolactin exceeded 20 ng . / ml . in 5 men and was normal in 2 at repeat determination .
### Output Text: | Prolactin exceeded 20 ng . / ml . in 5 men and was normal in 2 at repeat determination . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Only 1 prolactinoma was discovered .
### Output Text: | Only 1 prolactinoma was discovered . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: These data are lower than those we found during the last 2 decades ( overall prolactin greater than 20 ng . / ml . in 1 . 86 % of 1 , 821 patients , prolactinomas in 7 , 0 . 38 % ) .
### Output Text: | These data are lower than those we found during the last 2 decades ( overall prolactin greater than 20 ng . / ml . in 1 . 86 % of 1 , 821 patients , prolactinomas in 7 , 0 . 38 % ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Bromocriptine was definitely effective in cases with prolactin greater than 35 ng . / ml .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Bromocriptine</span> was definitely effective in cases with prolactin greater than 35 ng . / ml . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: ( 8 of 12 compared to only 9 of 22 cases with prolactin between 20 and 35 ng . / ml . ) .
### Output Text: | ( 8 of 12 compared to only 9 of 22 cases with prolactin between 20 and 35 ng . / ml . ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Testosterone was low in less than 50 % of cases with prolactin greater than 35 ng . / ml .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Testosterone</span> was low in less than 50 % of cases with prolactin greater than 35 ng . / ml . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: CONCLUSIONS : Low prevalences and effects of low testosterone and high prolactin in erectile dysfunction cannot justify their routine determination .
### Output Text: | CONCLUSIONS : Low prevalences and effects of low <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> and high prolactin in erectile dysfunction cannot justify their routine determination . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: However , cost - effective screening strategies recommended so far missed 40 to 50 % of cases improved with endocrine therapy and the pituitary tumors .
### Output Text: | However , cost - effective screening strategies recommended so far missed 40 to 50 % of cases improved with endocrine therapy and the pituitary tumors . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: We now advocate that before age 50 years testosterone be determined only in cases of low sexual desire and abnormal physical examination but that it be measured in all men older than 50 years .
### Output Text: | We now advocate that before age 50 years <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> be determined only in cases of low sexual desire and abnormal physical examination but that it be measured in all men older than 50 years . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Prolactin should be determined only in cases of low sexual desire , gynecomastia and / or testosterone less than 4 ng . / ml .
### Output Text: | Prolactin should be determined only in cases of low sexual desire , gynecomastia and / or <span class="chemical">testosterone</span> less than 4 ng . / ml . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Extrapyramidal side effects with risperidone and haloperidol at comparable D2 receptor occupancy levels .
### Output Text: | Extrapyramidal side effects with <span class="chemical">risperidone</span> and <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> at comparable D2 receptor occupancy levels . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Risperidone is an antipsychotic drug with high affinity at dopamine D2 and serotonin 5 - HT2 receptors .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Risperidone</span> is an antipsychotic drug with high affinity at <span class="chemical">dopamine</span> D2 and <span class="chemical">serotonin 5 - HT2</span> receptors . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Previous clinical studies have proposed that risperidone ' s pharmacologic profile may produce improved efficacy for negative psychotic symptoms and decreased propensity for extrapyramidal side effects ; features shared by so - called ' atypical ' neuroleptics .
### Output Text: | Previous clinical studies have proposed that <span class="chemical">risperidone</span> ' s pharmacologic profile may produce improved efficacy for negative psychotic symptoms and decreased propensity for extrapyramidal side effects ; features shared by so - called ' atypical ' neuroleptics . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: To determine if routine risperidone treatment is associated with a unique degree of D2 receptor occupancy and pattern of clinical effects , we used [ 123I ] IBZM SPECT to determine D2 occupancy in subjects treated with routine clinical doses of risperidone ( n = 12 ) or haloperidol ( n = 7 ) .
### Output Text: | To determine if routine <span class="chemical">risperidone</span> treatment is associated with a unique degree of D2 receptor occupancy and pattern of clinical effects , we used [ 123I ] IBZM SPECT to determine D2 occupancy in subjects treated with routine clinical doses of <span class="chemical">risperidone</span> ( n = 12 ) or <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> ( n = 7 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Both risperidone and haloperidol produced D2 occupancy levels between approximately 60 and 90 % at standard clinical doses .
### Output Text: | Both <span class="chemical">risperidone</span> and <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> produced D2 occupancy levels between approximately 60 and 90 % at standard clinical doses . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: There was no significant difference between occupancy levels obtained with haloperidol or risperidone .
### Output Text: | There was no significant difference between occupancy levels obtained with <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> or <span class="chemical">risperidone</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Drug - induced parkinsonism was observed in subjects treated with risperidone ( 42 % ) and haloperidol ( 29 % ) and was observed at occupancy levels above 60 % .
### Output Text: | Drug - induced parkinsonism was observed in subjects treated with <span class="chemical">risperidone</span> ( 42 % ) and <span class="chemical">haloperidol</span> ( 29 % ) and was observed at occupancy levels above 60 % . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Based on these observations , it is concluded that 5 - HT2 blockade obtained with risperidone at D2 occupancy rates of 60 % and above does not appear to protect against the risk for extrapyramidal side effects .
### Output Text: | Based on these observations , it is concluded that 5 - HT2 blockade obtained with <span class="chemical">risperidone</span> at D2 occupancy rates of 60 % and above does not appear to protect against the risk for extrapyramidal side effects . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Treatment of previously treated metastatic breast cancer by mitoxantrone and 48 - hour continuous infusion of high - dose 5 - FU and leucovorin ( MFL ) : low palliative benefit and high treatment - related toxicity .
### Output Text: | Treatment of previously treated metastatic breast cancer by <span class="chemical">mitoxantrone</span> and 48 - hour continuous infusion of high - dose <span class="chemical">5 - FU</span> and <span class="chemical">leucovorin</span> ( <span class="chemical">MFL</span> ) : low palliative benefit and high treatment - related toxicity . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: For previously treated advanced breast cancer , there is no standard second - line therapy .
### Output Text: | For previously treated advanced breast cancer , there is no standard second - line therapy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Combination chemotherapy with mitoxantrone , high - dose 5 - fluorouracil ( 5 - FU ) and leucovorin ( MFL regimen ) had been reported as an effective and well tolerated regimen .
### Output Text: | Combination chemotherapy with <span class="chemical">mitoxantrone</span> , high - dose <span class="chemical">5 - fluorouracil</span> ( <span class="chemical">5 - FU</span> ) and <span class="chemical">leucovorin</span> ( <span class="chemical">MFL regimen</span> ) had been reported as an effective and well tolerated regimen . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: From October 1993 to November 1995 , we treated 13 patients with previously chemotherapy - treated metastatic breast cancer by mitoxantrone , 12 mg / m2 , on day 1 and continuous infusion of 5 - FU , 3000 mg / m2 , together with leucovorin , 300 mg / m2 , for 48 h from day 1 to 2 .
### Output Text: | From October 1993 to November 1995 , we treated 13 patients with previously chemotherapy - treated metastatic breast cancer by <span class="chemical">mitoxantrone</span> , 12 mg / m2 , on day 1 and continuous infusion of <span class="chemical">5 - FU</span> , 3000 mg / m2 , together with <span class="chemical">leucovorin</span> , 300 mg / m2 , for 48 h from day 1 to 2 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Each course of chemotherapy was given every 4 weeks .
### Output Text: | Each course of chemotherapy was given every 4 weeks . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Most of these patients had more than two metastatic sites , with lung metastasis predominant .
### Output Text: | Most of these patients had more than two metastatic sites , with lung metastasis predominant . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Seven patients had been treated with anthracycline .
### Output Text: | Seven patients had been treated with <span class="chemical">anthracycline</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Seven patients had previously received radiotherapy and seven had received hormone therapy .
### Output Text: | Seven patients had previously received radiotherapy and seven had received hormone therapy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Median number of courses of MFL regimen given was six and the median cumulative dose of mitoxantrone was 68 . 35 mg / m2 .
### Output Text: | Median number of courses of <span class="chemical">MFL regimen</span> given was six and the median cumulative dose of <span class="chemical">mitoxantrone</span> was 68 . 35 mg / m2 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: One patient had complete response , seven had stable disease , none had partial response and five had progressive disease .
### Output Text: | One patient had complete response , seven had stable disease , none had partial response and five had progressive disease . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The overall objective response rate was 7 . 6 % .
### Output Text: | The overall objective response rate was 7 . 6 % . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The median follow - up period was 14 months .
### Output Text: | The median follow - up period was 14 months . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Median survival was 16 months .
### Output Text: | Median survival was 16 months . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Median progression - free survival was 5 months .
### Output Text: | Median progression - free survival was 5 months . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: A complete responder had relapse - free survival up to 17 months .
### Output Text: | A complete responder had relapse - free survival up to 17 months . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Major toxicities were cardiotoxicity and leukopenia .
### Output Text: | Major toxicities were cardiotoxicity and leukopenia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Eight patients were dead in the last follow - up ; two of them died of treatment - related toxicity .
### Output Text: | Eight patients were dead in the last follow - up ; two of them died of treatment - related toxicity . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The MFL regimen achieves little palliative benefit and induces severe toxicity at a fairly high rate .
### Output Text: | The <span class="chemical">MFL regimen</span> achieves little palliative benefit and induces severe toxicity at a fairly high rate . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Administration of this regimen to breast cancer patients who have been treated by chemotherapy and those with impaired heart function requires careful attention .
### Output Text: | Administration of this regimen to breast cancer patients who have been treated by chemotherapy and those with impaired heart function requires careful attention . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Ticlopidine - induced aplastic anemia : report of three Chinese patients and review of the literature .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Ticlopidine</span> - induced aplastic anemia : report of three Chinese patients and review of the literature . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: In this study , three Chinese patients with ticlopidine - induced aplastic anemia were reported and another 13 patients in the English literature were reviewed .
### Output Text: | In this study , three Chinese patients with <span class="chemical">ticlopidine</span> - induced aplastic anemia were reported and another 13 patients in the English literature were reviewed . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: We attempted to find underlying similarities , evaluate the risk factors , and identify appropriate treatment for this complication .
### Output Text: | We attempted to find underlying similarities , evaluate the risk factors , and identify appropriate treatment for this complication . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: All but one of the patients were over 60 years old , and the 6 who died were all older than 65 .
### Output Text: | All but one of the patients were over 60 years old , and the 6 who died were all older than 65 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Therefore , old age may be a risk factor for developing this complication .
### Output Text: | Therefore , old age may be a risk factor for developing this complication . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Agranulocytosis occurred 3 - 20 weeks after initiation of ticlopidine , so frequent examination of white cell count during treatment is recommended .
### Output Text: | Agranulocytosis occurred 3 - 20 weeks after initiation of <span class="chemical">ticlopidine</span> , so frequent examination of white cell count during treatment is recommended . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: There seemed to be no direct correlation between the dose or duration used and the severity of bone marrow suppression .
### Output Text: | There seemed to be no direct correlation between the dose or duration used and the severity of bone marrow suppression . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Treatment for ticlopidine - induced aplastic anemia with colony - stimulating factors seemed to have little effect .
### Output Text: | Treatment for <span class="chemical">ticlopidine</span> - induced aplastic anemia with colony - stimulating factors seemed to have little effect . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The fact that 5 of the 6 patients who received concurrent calcium channel blockers died , should alert clinicians to be more cautious when using these two drugs simultaneously .
### Output Text: | The fact that 5 of the 6 patients who received concurrent <span class="chemical">calcium</span> channel blockers died , should alert clinicians to be more cautious when using these two drugs simultaneously . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Upregulation of the expression of vasopressin gene in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the lithium - induced diabetes insipidus rat .
### Output Text: | Upregulation of the expression of <span class="chemical">vasopressin</span> gene in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the <span class="chemical">lithium</span> - induced diabetes insipidus rat . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The expression of arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) gene in the paraventricular ( PVN ) and supraoptic nuclei ( SON ) was investigated in rats with lithium ( Li ) - induced polyuria , using in situ hybridization histochemistry and radioimmunoassay .
### Output Text: | The expression of <span class="chemical">arginine vasopressin</span> ( <span class="chemical">AVP</span> ) gene in the paraventricular ( PVN ) and supraoptic nuclei ( SON ) was investigated in rats with <span class="chemical">lithium</span> ( <span class="chemical">Li</span> ) - induced polyuria , using in situ hybridization histochemistry and radioimmunoassay . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The male Wistar rats consuming a diet that contained LiCl ( 60 mmol / kg ) for 4 weeks developed marked polyuria .
### Output Text: | The male Wistar rats consuming a diet that contained <span class="chemical">LiCl</span> ( 60 mmol / kg ) for 4 weeks developed marked polyuria . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The Li - treated rats produced a large volume of hypotonic urine with low ionic concentrations .
### Output Text: | The <span class="chemical">Li</span> - treated rats produced a large volume of hypotonic urine with low ionic concentrations . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Plasma sodium concentrations were found to be slightly increased in the Li - treated rats compared with those in controls .
### Output Text: | Plasma <span class="chemical">sodium</span> concentrations were found to be slightly increased in the <span class="chemical">Li</span> - treated rats compared with those in controls . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Plasma concentration of AVP and transcripts of AVP gene in the PVN and SON were significantly increased in the Li - treated rats compared with controls .
### Output Text: | Plasma concentration of <span class="chemical">AVP</span> and transcripts of <span class="chemical">AVP</span> gene in the PVN and SON were significantly increased in the <span class="chemical">Li</span> - treated rats compared with controls . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: These results suggest that dehydration and / or the activation of visceral afferent inputs may contribute to the elevation of plasma AVP and the upregulation of AVP gene expression in the PVN and the SON of the Li - induced diabetes insipidus rat .
### Output Text: | These results suggest that dehydration and / or the activation of visceral afferent inputs may contribute to the elevation of plasma <span class="chemical">AVP</span> and the upregulation of <span class="chemical">AVP</span> gene expression in the PVN and the SON of the <span class="chemical">Li</span> - induced diabetes insipidus rat . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Antinociceptive and antiamnesic properties of the presynaptic cholinergic amplifier PG - 9 .
### Output Text: | Antinociceptive and antiamnesic properties of the presynaptic cholinergic amplifier <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The antinociceptive effect of 3 alpha - tropyl 2 - ( p - bromophenyl ) propionate [ ( + / - ) - PG - 9 ] ( 10 - 40 mg kg - 1 s . c . ; 30 - 60 mg kg - 1 p . o . ; 10 - 30 mg kg - 1 i . v . ; 10 - 30 micrograms / mouse i . c . v . ) was examined in mice , rats and guinea pigs by use of the hot - plate , abdominal - constriction , tail - flick and paw - pressure tests .
### Output Text: | The antinociceptive effect of <span class="chemical">3 alpha - tropyl 2 - ( p - bromophenyl ) propionate</span> [ ( + / - ) - <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> ] ( 10 - 40 mg kg - 1 s . c . ; 30 - 60 mg kg - 1 p . o . ; 10 - 30 mg kg - 1 i . v . ; 10 - 30 micrograms / mouse i . c . v . ) was examined in mice , rats and guinea pigs by use of the hot - plate , abdominal - constriction , tail - flick and paw - pressure tests . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: ( + / - ) - PG - 9 antinociception peaked 15 min after injection and then slowly diminished .
### Output Text: | ( + / - ) - <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> antinociception peaked 15 min after injection and then slowly diminished . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The antinociception produced by ( + / - ) - PG - 9 was prevented by the unselective muscarinic antagonist atropine , the M1 - selective antagonists pirenzepine and dicyclomine and the acetylcholine depletor hemicholinium - 3 , but not by the opioid antagonist naloxone , the gamma - aminobutyric acidB antagonist 3 - aminopropyl - diethoxy - methyl - phosphinic acid , the H3 agonist R - ( alpha ) - methylhistamine , the D2 antagonist quinpirole , the 5 - hydroxytryptamine4 antagonist 2 - methoxy - 4 - amino - 5 - chlorobenzoic acid 2 - ( diethylamino ) ethyl ester hydrochloride , the 5 - hydroxytryptamin1A antagonist 1 - ( 2 - methoxyphenyl ) - 4 - [ 4 - ( 2 - phthalimido ) butyl ] piperazine hydrobromide and the polyamines depletor reserpine .
### Output Text: | The antinociception produced by ( + / - ) - <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> was prevented by the unselective muscarinic antagonist <span class="chemical">atropine</span> , the M1 - selective antagonists <span class="chemical">pirenzepine</span> and <span class="chemical">dicyclomine</span> and the <span class="chemical">acetylcholine</span> depletor <span class="chemical">hemicholinium - 3</span> , but not by the opioid antagonist <span class="chemical">naloxone</span> , the <span class="chemical">gamma - aminobutyric acidB</span> antagonist <span class="chemical">3 - aminopropyl - diethoxy - methyl - phosphinic acid</span> , the H3 agonist <span class="chemical">R - ( alpha ) - methylhistamine</span> , the D2 antagonist <span class="chemical">quinpirole</span> , the <span class="chemical">5 - hydroxytryptamine4</span> antagonist <span class="chemical">2 - methoxy - 4 - amino - 5 - chlorobenzoic acid 2 - ( diethylamino ) ethyl ester</span> hydrochloride , the <span class="chemical">5 - hydroxytryptamin1A</span> antagonist <span class="chemical">1 - ( 2 - methoxyphenyl ) - 4 - [ 4 - ( 2 - phthalimido ) butyl ] piperazine</span> hydrobromide and the polyamines depletor <span class="chemical">reserpine</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Based on these data , it can be postulated that ( + / - ) - PG - 9 exerted an antinociceptive effect mediated by a central potentiation of cholinergic transmission .
### Output Text: | Based on these data , it can be postulated that ( + / - ) - <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> exerted an antinociceptive effect mediated by a central potentiation of cholinergic transmission . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: ( + / - ) - PG - 9 ( 10 - 40 mg kg - 1 i . p . ) was able to prevent amnesia induced by scopolamine ( 1 mg kg - 1 i . p . ) and dicyclomine ( 2 mg kg - 1 i . p . ) in the mouse passive - avoidance test .
### Output Text: | ( + / - ) - <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> ( 10 - 40 mg kg - 1 i . p . ) was able to prevent amnesia induced by <span class="chemical">scopolamine</span> ( 1 mg kg - 1 i . p . ) and <span class="chemical">dicyclomine</span> ( 2 mg kg - 1 i . p . ) in the mouse passive - avoidance test . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Affinity profiles of ( + / - ) - PG - 9 for muscarinic receptor subtypes , determined by functional studies ( rabbit vas deferens for M1 , guinea pig atrium for M2 , guinea pig ileum for M3 and immature guinea pig uterus for putative M4 ) , have shown an M4 / M1 selectivity ratio of 10 . 2 that might be responsible for the antinociception and the anti - amnesic effect induced by ( + / - ) - PG - 9 through an increase in acetylcholine extracellular levels .
### Output Text: | Affinity profiles of ( + / - ) - <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> for muscarinic receptor subtypes , determined by functional studies ( rabbit vas deferens for M1 , guinea pig atrium for M2 , guinea pig ileum for M3 and immature guinea pig uterus for putative M4 ) , have shown an M4 / M1 selectivity ratio of 10 . 2 that might be responsible for the antinociception and the anti - amnesic effect induced by ( + / - ) - <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> through an increase in <span class="chemical">acetylcholine</span> extracellular levels . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: In the antinociceptive and antiamnesic dose range , ( + / - ) - PG - 9 did not impair mouse performance evaluated by the rota - rod test and Animex apparatus .
### Output Text: | In the antinociceptive and antiamnesic dose range , ( + / - ) - <span class="chemical">PG - 9</span> did not impair mouse performance evaluated by the rota - rod test and Animex apparatus . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The effect of different anaesthetic agents in hearing loss following spinal anaesthesia .
### Output Text: | The effect of different anaesthetic agents in hearing loss following spinal anaesthesia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The cause of hearing loss after spinal anaesthesia is unknown .
### Output Text: | The cause of hearing loss after spinal anaesthesia is unknown . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Up until now , the only factor studied has been the effect of the diameter of the spinal needle on post - operative sensorineural hearing loss .
### Output Text: | Up until now , the only factor studied has been the effect of the diameter of the spinal needle on post - operative sensorineural hearing loss . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The aim of this study was to describe this hearing loss and to investigate other factors influencing the degree of hearing loss .
### Output Text: | The aim of this study was to describe this hearing loss and to investigate other factors influencing the degree of hearing loss . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Two groups of 22 similar patients were studied : one group received 6 mL prilocaine 2 % ; and the other received 3 mL bupivacaine 0 . 5 % .
### Output Text: | Two groups of 22 similar patients were studied : one group received 6 mL <span class="chemical">prilocaine</span> 2 % ; and the other received 3 mL <span class="chemical">bupivacaine</span> 0 . 5 % . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Patients given prilocaine were more likely to develop hearing loss ( 10 out of 22 ) than those given bupivacaine ( 4 out of 22 ) ( P < 0 . 05 ) .
### Output Text: | Patients given <span class="chemical">prilocaine</span> were more likely to develop hearing loss ( 10 out of 22 ) than those given <span class="chemical">bupivacaine</span> ( 4 out of 22 ) ( P < 0 . 05 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: The average hearing loss for speech frequencies was about 10 dB after prilocaine and 15 dB after bupivacaine .
### Output Text: | The average hearing loss for speech frequencies was about 10 dB after <span class="chemical">prilocaine</span> and 15 dB after <span class="chemical">bupivacaine</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: None of the patients complained of subjective hearing loss .
### Output Text: | None of the patients complained of subjective hearing loss . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Long - term follow - up of the patients was not possible .
### Output Text: | Long - term follow - up of the patients was not possible . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: A transient neurological deficit following intrathecal injection of 1 % hyperbaric bupivacaine for unilateral spinal anaesthesia .
### Output Text: | A transient neurological deficit following intrathecal injection of 1 % hyperbaric <span class="chemical">bupivacaine</span> for unilateral spinal anaesthesia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: We describe a case of transient neurological deficit that occurred after unilateral spinal anaesthesia with 8 mg of 1 % hyperbaric bupivacaine slowly injected through a 25 - gauge pencil - point spinal needle .
### Output Text: | We describe a case of transient neurological deficit that occurred after unilateral spinal anaesthesia with 8 mg of 1 % hyperbaric <span class="chemical">bupivacaine</span> slowly injected through a 25 - gauge pencil - point spinal needle . |
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