text
stringlengths 253
685k
|
---|
Wacław Sierpiński
Wacław Franciszek Sierpiński (1882 - 1969) Polish mathematician, best known for the Sierpiński triangle (http://planetmath.org/SierpinskiGasket) and the Sierpiński numbers.
Sierpiński studied physics and mathematics at the University of Warsaw, graduating in 1903, then went for a doctorate at university in Kraków. In 1908 he started teaching at the University of Lwów. A prolific author of books and papers, Sierpiński wrote on many subjects but focused on irrational numbers and set theory. During World War I, Sierpiński was stuck in Russia, but the experience proved useful when he returned to Poland and helped his comrades break Russian cryptography. During this time he also founded and edited the journal Fundamenta Mathematicae. From 1929 to the end of his life, he received various honors at home and abroad. In 1964, he was elected to the London Mathematical Society.
In 1954, Sierpiński published a French paper on some properties of Euler's totient function and the sum of divisors function in Bull. Acad. Polon. Sci. Cl. III 2 with Andrzej Schinzel, who a few years later co-authored with Erdős a paper on the "Distributions of the values of some arithmetical functions" in Acta Arithmetica 6, giving Sierpiński an Erdős number (http://planetmath.org/ErdHosNumber) of 2.
Title | Wacław Sierpiński |
Canonical name | WaclawSierpinski |
Date of creation | 2013-03-22 17:03:45 |
Last modified on | 2013-03-22 17:03:45 |
Owner | PrimeFan (13766) |
Last modified by | PrimeFan (13766) |
Numerical id | 8 |
Author | PrimeFan (13766) |
Entry type | Biography |
Classification | msc 01A60 |
Classification | msc 01A55 |
Synonym | Wacław Franciszek Sierpiński |
Synonym | Waclaw Sierpinski |
Synonym | Vaclav Sierpinski |
Synonym | Wacław František Sierpiński |
|
$44 video appointments available today with a membership as low as $15/month
Book a Video AppointmentGood hygiene: MRSA is a bacteria (methicillin resistant staph aureus). It is spread by direct contact, not through the air. So you, and everyone in the office, and especially your infected colleague, need to practice good hygiene. Wash hands and have alcohol gel available for everyone. But it can easily be contained. Here is a good link from the CDC: http://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/pdf/SHEA-mrsa_largertext.pdf
Answered 2/23/2015
3.8k views
Avoid direct contact: MRSA is a skin infection and is passed from one to another by direct skin contact. We probably all have MRSA on our bodies but it does not cause any problem until our immune system is compromised Use common sense and good handwashing and avoid direct skin to skin contact
Answered 2/23/2015
3.8k views
MRSA fears: MRSA is a bacterial infection that is resistant to standard care. Usually immune compromised persons can pick it up easily from another person. Don't share any razors with this coworker or reuse any personal items he may use. As long as he keeps taking his medicine and doesn't share personal items, you will be fine.
Answered 10/2/2015
3.8k views
Avoid Contact: MRSA is spread by contact. Get MRSA by touching another person's skin with MRSATouching objects that have bacteria.weak immune systems in hospitals, nursing homes,and other health care centers. Community acquired MRSA increasing.Populations that share close quarters or have more skin-to-skin contact spread it. Examples are team athletes, military recruits, and prison inmates.Affecting younger ages
Answered 2/23/2015
3.2k views
3 doctors weighed in across 2 answers
2 doctors weighed in across 2 answers
A doctor has provided 1 answer
A doctor has provided 1 answer
90,000 U.S. doctors in 147 specialties are here to answer your questions or offer you advice, prescriptions, and more.
Ask your question
|
Before you write an essay, it is essential to know what you are going to write about. Depending on the type of essay you're writing it may be necessary to seek out help in locating topics or APA outline format examples. Here are some useful tips in writing your essay. These guidelines can help you come up with a strong thesis, a properly-structured body, and a powerful conclusion. Also, you may need help to define your argument.
Argumentative essay topics
Many argue today that technology has led to a decrease in the human values system. The date at which people can vote is a subject of debate. There's growing concern about the legal age for individuals to legally drink alcohol. Television's role in our society is another hot topic. The youth of today are fascinated by television and foreign film, which has resulted in an increase in sexual insanity. In order to improve the society, the idea of compulsory military service should be explored. Some believe that Christmas shouldn't be celebrated solely as a promotion technique for corporations and it should be stopped.
You can make your essay distinguish itself from others by selecting a subject that has been deemed controversial for argumentative essays. A common theme is boring and won't get your idea across to the audience. Try to find controversial topics with enough details for it to be an interesting to read. If you are still struggling to come up with an argumentative essay subject take a look at these suggestions to help make your decision simpler. What are the pros and drawbacks to each subject that you might ask?
The most effective way to settle about a topic for your argumentative essay is to research five reliable sources. Make notes of the most relevant portions of the piece or book. Also, write down the details of the source, such as the author's name, title and publication details pages, page numbers and other useful information. The information you have on hand can help you create your bibliography in the future. You'll then be able to reference the research you conducted.
The thesis statement structure
The thesis statement is the beginning for your article. The thesis statement must address your readers "so is that?" question in the reader's mind. It must be specific, yet not broad enough. It must be specific enough so that your reader can comprehend your point the point of. In addition, it must be well-written and complex http://smkwiskarkds.sch.id/help-me-write-my-essay/ enough to give evidence or even acknowledge the differences. So, your reader can know your position and take a decision by looking at the data in your essay.
The structure of a thesis declaration in the essay can differ. Although a thesis statement is generally not a simple sentence and should be precise enough to https://support.laihua.com/?p=8771 be clear in the final version. It's usually shorter and more forceful as opposed http://188.8.131.52/how-to-find-a-reliable-write-my-essay-service/ to a thesis statement which only provides factual information. A thesis statement has to be pertinent to each topic within the essay. It is crucial to make sure that each subject is relevant to the thesis statement.
The thesis statement describes what idea you believe the rest of your essay is based on. This could be an opinion, a synthesis of a variety of ideas, or a fact that you've discovered. It should be a specific idea that supports your main concepts. Your thesis should not be unambiguous – it's very unlikely readers will aware of its importance without additional evidence. The aim of the thesis statement is to guide your reader towards the central notion of your paper and make it simpler to get the meaning of the rest of the paper.
Your thought process must result in a thesis statement. It will form the central theme of your project. The best way to come up with ideas is to pick a topic prior to when you begin writing. Although it's fine to write about anything you're interested in, you should pick something that can be interesting for readers and make them want to take the time to read your piece. After that, you're good to start. The first step is vital in all essays.
Transition words
Writing is an arduous task. It's important to remember the proper use of transition words. If they're not employed correctly, transition words can undermine their intended purpose. Although many https://bonabombona.com/can-i-hire-someone-to-write-my-essay/ people will use the words of transition to start sentences, they are inappropriate for academic writing. Examples of this include "and", "but" and "because".
It is possible to use transition words for creating a coherent flow of your essay. For a cause-and-effect paper, as an example, you may be looking to establish the relation between two instances. Words that transition are great for conveying the chronology of events or expressing the nature of a temporary aspect of events. Below are some of the more common transition words.
It is crucial to understand the nature of your transition by using the words "transition. A transition word is used for when a concept or paragraph has changed significantly. Conclusions can jump across paragraphs. Contrasts can lead to the conclusion. Anyhow it is important to use transition words that serve an important purpose, and enhance your writing. But be sure to use them sparingly.
A paragraph's transition word links two concepts together. It https://mitrageohidro.co.id/can-i-hire-someone-to-write-my-essay/ summarizes the primary concern of the previous paragraph and connects it with the next idea in the other paragraph. Also, transitions within the paragraph may connect various concepts, and provide a signal to the reader. Transitional words can be used for short sentences as well as in simple words. When they are used in a proper manner they can help your text flow effortlessly and clearly.
APA outline format examples
Although the APA outline format may not be applicable to all styles of writing however, it is required to include an outline that includes references. This illustration illustrates the steps involved in creating an outline. It summarises the most important elements and provides sources of research. The outline can be modified to suit your personal needs. The font you must choose is a standard font, such as Times New Roman 12 points to use your APA style. Double-spaced text is fine and you should double space your text.
If you are creating outline for an APA outline, the first stage is to create the primary heading. Follow the subheadings after the primary heading. List each heading using one capital letter of the English alphabet. The subheading say, for example "The Origins and History of Mugs". After that, you'd number each paragraph with an appropriate subheading. If you're doing a research paper it is also possible to create an outline for your presentation.
When you've established your main heading, you'll need to prepare the subheadings in accordance with APA guidelines. They should be similar in size to the main heading. The subheadings can be selected by pressing the appropriate menu option or drop-down button. After that, ensure you make sure that you align your subheadings as well as headings to ensure that they are correctly placed. An APA outline should follow these guidelines. So, be sure to follow these tips!
Take a look at these APA formatting examples for further information. The examples are able to overcome any formatting problems which may occur when writing your essays. In order to write your thesis, as a student , need to select an intriguing theme. It will be awe-inspiring the speed at which you can finish your essay. Don't get intimidated by these formatting requirements. To help you write an essay in APA style, here are some instances.
The revisions are provided by professionals writing service
Professional writing companies offer unlimited revisions as well as unlimited revisions for free. It's one step below starting over and throwing out the work. It is possible to spend several years working on a task and then find that the project requires some adjustments. There is a possibility of spending longer revising an article that you have finished. Here is the place that professional writers are available to assist. All writing services must provide revisions.
It is much easier to engage a professional service. You'll be able to rest easy knowing that your writing won't be copied as you write it for the intended audience. Additionally, a professional writing company will have writers that are proficient of various styles and formats. A professional writing service will be able to deliver your work quickly so you are able to get moving with your task.
Professional writing companies can also provide unlimited revisions. This is particularly beneficial to students who may not be sure of their writing abilities. Professional writing services will do the logical research for you and make sure that the paper will be error-free. They also provide money-back assurances if you're not happy with the essay. There is a guarantee that your work will not get left to rot.
|
Feedback: This is a "POWERFUL TOOL." Feedback occurs when a coach observes what a client is doing and communicates it back to them. It accelerates the learning outcomes/goals agreed upon for the lesson.
If you want to learn more about feedback and discover different feedback techniques, read on. ADIs/PDIs often get caught being unsure of what to say or how to say it. This leads to either being silent for long periods or engaging in ineffective chatter (e.g., "Good!", "Well done!", "Great mirrors"). Although some coaches would say this is motivational, anyone delivering lessons knows that this kind of feedback makes clients tune out to the ADIs/PDIs' words.
Another common coaching behavior is to jump in with feedback only when clients are making faults. By understanding different categories and purposes of feedback, an ADI can prepare better and have a healthier framework for knowing what to say. Two key feedback "Laws" that can improve a coach's feedback are:
- Feedback must always have a purpose.
- Positive feedback works positively.
Feedback must always have a purpose: The reason you speak as an ADI/PDI is to produce a particular response. If an ADI has the goal/learning outcome in mind before they speak, their feedback will be more effective. There are two main reasons an ADI gives feedback: for motivation or to enhance learning.
- Motivational feedback: This is when an ADI helps students focus and maintain good effort and attitude in the lesson. For example, when a client needs encouragement to maintain focus even as the lesson draws to a close.
- Enhancing learning using Feedback: This is when an ADI helps a client change current behavior, such as making a smoother gear change or selecting the correct gear for the road and traffic conditions. Giving immediate feedback helps keep things on track. Reinforcing positive behavior ensures the client knows when they are doing things correctly and when they have not performed the task as well as they could.
Learning anything new is often not an easy process. The skill for a coach is to know why they are giving feedback. Finding faults, analyzing them, and providing remedial action are only small parts of the feedback process. If coaches primarily focus on this, they are short-changing their clients!
Using coaching effectively in driver training is an interactive communication process that requires building trust and rapport with the client. I am not sure if you have noticed, but telling people what they are doing wrong does not usually win any relational points with people, even if the advice is technically correct. How one says something is every bit as important as what is said; this is true in any relationship, whether a friend, spouse, or client.
Coaches must become "success seekers" rather than "fault finders". This is critical because positive feedback, as opposed to negative, builds up a better long-term psychology. Negative feedback often builds a "fear of failure" mentality. This can lead to clients getting overwhelmed with nerves in test situations.
Positive feedback builds a "go for the goal" mentality. Going for a goal creates more confidence.
If positive feedback is so powerful, why don't more ADIs/PDIs embrace it? The answer is that positive feedback is very misunderstood. What positive coaching feedback does not mean is calling poor performance good. This is called "flattery". Telling little Johnny "Great driving" when they are unaware of what is going on around them. This kind of feedback will often even have a negative effect as Johnny starts to expect emotional rewards no matter how poor his performance is.
Positive feedback is a communication tool to change specific behaviors. It reflects the performance of the student. No matter what the performance (good or bad) is, a coach can remember the keywords "Praise" and "Encourage".
Praising is what a coach should do when a student performs correctly. Coaches should constantly try to catch their clients doing things right! By reinforcing good performance, the client will repeat it over and over again and start to develop confidence. Encouragement is what a coach should do when the client makes mistakes and performs poorly. Telling them they "are rubbish" is of no use to clients since they often don't have any idea of the right thing to do. Always link the remedial action to the result that can be expected. For example, "Johnny, your preparation was fine; you will need to change your speed on approach to the junction to give you time to look and make a safe decision. Here the coach praises any good performance and encourages to improve any poor performance.
In this way, good performance gets highlighted, making it easier to remember and repeat. Poor performances are corrected without the emotional impact of negative feedback, and, most importantly, clients learn how to be problem solvers rather than learning the coach thinks they are awful. By maintaining purposeful, positive feedback, a coach can help clients love learning to drive, have more fun, and improve their level of performance.
If you are interested in becoming an ADI/PDI trainer, you need to know how to develop skills in others. My next Train the Trainer course will do just that; book your place now, as, funny enough, they keep getting sold out.
Graham Hooper
Follow this link for all of my available courses:
|
Accra, March 31, GNA – The Green Diversity Foundation (GDF Africa) has marked the International Day of Zero Waste with a call on young people to play an active role in reducing the impact of waste to promote sustainable development.
Mr Hobson Agyapong, Executive Director of GDF Africa, said young people constituted the future of the planet, making it critical for them to be involved in solving the world's environmental challenges.
"Young people are the future. We cannot neglect them. If we decide to solve the problem without involving them, in the end, we know definitely we will also leave, and we will not get people to continue the process.
|
- Review
- Open access
- Published:
Guillain-barré syndrome (GBS) with antecedent chikungunya infection: a case report and literature review
Neurological Research and Practice volume 6, Article number: 21 (2024)
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune neuropathy. Antecedent infections have been seen to be significant triggering factors for developing GBS. Among them, arboviral infections are rapidly gaining importance as significant triggers, especially in the areas where they are endemic. Chikungunya, an arboviral infection that usually causes a self-limiting acute febrile illness can lead to GBS as one its severe complications. Herein, we describe a case of a 21-year-old female who presented with weakness in all four limbs and paresthesia. Nerve conduction study and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed axonal, demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy with albuminocytological dissociation indicating Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN) variant of GBS. Serum IgM antibodies against ganglioside GM1 were detected. Anti-Chikungunya IgM antibodies were found in both serum and CSF samples. The patient was initiated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. In view of hypoxia, she was intubated and was on mechanical ventilation. After 2 weeks of being comatose, the patient gradually improved and was discharged with no sequelae.
A literature review on antecedent infections in GBS is presented alongside the case report to better understand the association of GBS with antecedent infections, especially the endemic arboviral infections like Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika. This will help in reinforcing the significance of having robust surveillance and public health control measures for infectious diseases.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare but serious autoimmune disorder, affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Highlighting the magnitude of the problem, globally, it has an annual incidence of 1–2 cases per 100,000 people [1]. However, regional differences in the incidence rate has been observed. As per the prevalence surveys done in Europe, Asia, America, and Australia, 0.4 to 4 GBS cases per 100,000 people have been reported annually [2]. In Asia, an annual incidence of 1.71, 1.82, 0.42 GBS cases per 100,000 people have been observed in China, South Korea, and Japan respectively [3, 4]. These cases have been more frequently reported during the monsoon season in some regions [2, 5]. However, contradicting this, in other geographical locations, studies have reported the peak of GBS cases in summer and winter, thus pointing towards a regional variation in the seasonality of the cases. Some studies also suggest that there is no discernible seasonal fluctuation [6, 7]. Increased incidence in GBS is also observed during outbreaks and pandemics. A recent instance is the significant rise in GBS cases following the COVID-19 pandemic [8,9,10]. Although the exact cause of GBS is still unknown, it is speculated to be a post-infectious condition since 2/3rd of the patients suffer from some form of infectious disease before the neurological condition sets in [11, 12]. Many bacterial and viral infections have been implicated in triggering the immune system against nerves, damaging it. As a consequence, weakness and tingling sensation in the extremities progressing to acute flaccid paralysis is seen [12, 13]. Less than one-third of the patients with GBS require mechanical ventilation due to respiratory muscle weakness. A mortality rate of 1–18% has been reported in such patients [14, 15]. Early diagnosis and treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin or plasmapheresis are effective in reducing the severity of the illness and aid in the recovery of the patients [12]. GBS is mostly a monophasic condition, but recurrence is observed in about 3–10% of the patients. It may occur at any age, however, higher incidences have been observed in adults compared to children with a predominance seen in males [16, 17].
GBS is a heterogeneous disorder having regional variation with respect to the clinical presentation, electrophysiological subtype, and outcome [18]. The lack of definitive cause and effective treatment is a major challenge that clinicians are facing even after 100 years since the reporting of the first case of GBS. Herein, we present a clinical case of fulminant GBS with antecedent Chikungunya infection. Chikungunya infection is an acute febrile illness usually associated with rashes and arthralgia, transmitted through Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes [19, 20]. Although meningitis, encephalitis, and GBS have been documented as consequences of a severe acute Chikungunya infection, neurological complications are uncommon [21]. Neurological complications of Chikungunya infection, including one case of GBS were first observed during the outbreak of 1964 in Madras, India [22].
The objectives of this review include: (i) reviewing the antecedent infections in GBS, (ii) illustrating the pathogenesis of GBS, (iii) describing the clinical features, and (iv) summarizing the treatment and management.
Main text
Case presentation
A 21-year-old female presented with rapid progressive weakness involving all four limbs associated with sensory symptoms in the form of paraesthesia followed by numbness. A month prior, she suffered from high-grade fever, chills, rigors with no other symptoms. There was no laboratory confirmed etiological diagnosis. No other premorbid conditions were found as well.
On initial examination, patient had respiratory distress with hypoxia, in view of which she was intubated and was put on control mode of ventilation. Neurological examination revealed tetraparesis, with paraesthesia of the extremities. There was bilateral but asymmetric facial palsy. Deep tendon reflexes were abolished. Pupils were sluggishly reactive. Routine blood examination revealed hyponatremia (126 mEq/L), anaemia with Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency, mild hypokalaemia (3.4 mmol/L), and elevated inflammatory markers. Nerve conduction study and CSF analysis identified axonal, demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy with albuminocytological dissociation which indicated the Acute Motor Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN) variant of GBS. Patient's serum was positive for IgM antibodies against GM1 ganglioside; IgM antibodies against Chikungunya virus were found to be present in both serum and CSF. IgM antibodies against other prevalent arboviruses like Dengue, Zika, Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus were not detected in both serum and CSF samples.
IVIG therapy (0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days) along with other supportive measures were immediately initiated in the patient. Nevertheless, she continued to deteriorate and 2 days later, ocular movements were lost with power in limbs worsening to zero. The EEG demonstrated severe encephalopathy with theta waves, suggestive of deep coma attributed to hyponatremia and sedation during intubation. She remained comatose with Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3 even after the completion of one course of IVIG therapy. Therefore, another cycle of IVIG therapy was administered. Despite a normal MRI report, a diagnosis of Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis was considered because of the clinical picture that was presented.
After 10 days, the patient could move her lip, jaw, shoulders, proximal limbs and showed distal flickering. She was eventually removed from ventilatory support. Even with protective measures in place, due to facial weakness, exposure keratitis occurred and was managed by lid taping by the ophthalmology consultant. While intubated, the patient developed paralytic ileus for a few hours which was managed conservatively with bowel rest and intravenous fluid therapy. Physiotherapy and swallowing exercises were started along with iron, vitamin B12, and folate supplementation and continued after discharge. At discharge, she was hemodynamically stable with power of 4/5 in all four limbs, she was able to swallow semi- solids, and maintained saturation in room air.
Literature review: antecedent infections in GBS
We conducted the literature search through multiple search engines such as PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using the search terms: "Guillain-Barré Syndrome", "GBS", "autoimmunity", "antecedent infection", "bacteria", "viruses", "molecular mimicry", "arboviruses in GBS", "Chikungunya infection in GBS", "intravenous immunoglobulins", "plasmapheresis". Thereafter, the search was limited to observational and interventional studies on Guillain-Barré Syndrome with antecedent infections. Only articles published in English language were considered. Additionally, relevant studies were identified through reference analysis. The articles available from 1st January 1990 until 31st December 2023, under the above-mentioned criteria were scanned and relevant studies were included in this narrative review. The results are presented under four headings: Antecedent infections causing GBS, Pathogenesis of GBS, Clinical manifestations and Diagnosis, and Treatment and Prognosis.
In addition, all the published cases of GBS with antecedent Chikungunya were included in this literature review. Up to 31st December, 2023, nine papers were published and a total of 33 cases have been described (Table 1). There was no gender prevalence, and the average age of patients studied was 51.
Antecedent infections causing GBS
Though the definitive cause of GBS is still unknown, it has been noted that antecedent infections within two to four weeks were present in 2-3rd of the GBS patients before the onset of neurological symptoms [11, 12]. A wide spectrum of infectious agents including bacteria and viruses have been reported to cause GBS. Among them, the commonest agent is the Campylobacter jejuni, a Gram-negative bacteria causing gastroenteritis which accounts for 33% of GBS cases in the western countries, and 45–60% in China and Japan [11, 23,24,25,26,27,28]. Other bacteria like Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae have also been reported to trigger GBS [11, 29].
Several viral infections have been associated with triggering GBS and have been reported worldwide. A case-control study conducted in Netherlands in 154 GBS patients reported antecedent infections with CMV, EBV, Parainfluenza 1 virus, Influenza A, Influenza B, Adenovirus, Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Varicella zoster virus (VZV) [11]. Another study conducted in China with 150 GBS patients reported antecedent infections with Influenza A virus, Influenza B virus, Hepatitis E virus (HEV), Hepatitis A virus (HAV), Dengue virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein- Barr virus (EBV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Varicella- zoster virus (VZV), and Rubella virus [29]. Cytomegalovirus has been found to be the most common viral infection which triggers the immune system leading to GBS [11, 29,30,31]. Following CMV, Epstein Barr virus is found to be the next common antecedent viral infection causing approximately 10% of total GBS cases [11, 29, 32]. GBS cases in children are mostly due to antecedent respiratory viral infections [33]. Antecedent infection with HEV, HAV, and Hepatitis B virus were also reported to cause GBS [34,35,36]. Rarely, infections with Adenovirus, Rubella were also observed as antecedent event in GBS patients [37].
Among the arboviruses, antecedent Zika virus infection has been widely studied in GBS. The 2013 Zika virus outbreak in French Polynesia was followed by an increased number of GBS cases [38]. The Zika virus epidemic that started in Brazil in 2016 and disseminated to 15 countries and territories increased the GBS global incidence rate 2.6 times [39, 40]. Other arboviral infections including Dengue, Chikungunya, and Japanese Encephalitis have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of GBS. In a multinational case-control study conducted in Brazil, Argentina, and Malaysia during 2017–2019 to understand the association of GBS with antecedent arboviral infections, it was found that 55% (27/49) of patients had recent infections. Arboviral infections caused due to Dengue and Chikungunya virus were found in 4% of these cases [41]. Another study conducted in Mexico to predict the incidence of GBS owing to arboviral infections reported antecedent Zika and Dengue infections in GBS but intriguingly, GBS was not associated with antecedent Chikungunya infection [42]. Among studies conducted in India, one done in the northern region reported 11.5% (3/26) antecedent Dengue infection in GBS [43]. In another study conducted in southern India, it was found that 79.3% of GBS patients studied had antecedent infections, of which viral infections with Chikungunya virus, Japanese Encephalitis virus, and Dengue virus were prominent [44].
While the occurrence of GBS following Chikungunya infection is uncommon, it is recognised as a potential trigger for GBS, particularly during outbreaks and in regions where the virus is endemic. During the Chikungunya outbreak at Reunion Island, France in 2005–2006, Lebrun et al. reported 2 cases of GBS with antecedent Chikungunya infection. In both the patients, Chikungunya infection was confirmed by the presence anti-Chikungunya IgM and IgG antibodies in serum and CSF [45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53]. Antecedent Chikungunya infections in GBS reported globally in the last two decades are depicted in (Table 1).
Pathogenesis of GBS
Th pathophysiology of GBS has been the subject of numerous studies, and research is still ongoing. The most accepted mechanism of pathogenesis is "molecular mimicry" at the B-cell level, particularly in the axonal variant (Fig. 1). Previous studies found a structural similarity between lipopolysaccharide on the cell membrane of C. jejuni and the glycan molecule in the ganglioside, and the antibody produced against the bacteria led to nerve cell damage through cross-reactive immunological responses [54,55,56]. Supporting this, the animal studies carried out in "acute motor axonal neuropathy rabbit model" observed molecular mimicry in acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) type of GBS [57]. Anti-ganglioside antibodies have been recorded in 36% of GBS patients [58]. These antibodies have been shown to have different peripheral nerve targets. Anti-GD1a antibodies bind to paranodal myelin, nodes of Ranvier, and neuromuscular junction. Anti-GM1 and anti-GQ1B antibodies bind to a peripheral nerve or neuromuscular junction [59]. This anti-ganglioside antibody mediated disease progression through complement cascade activation and formation of membrane attack complex plays a major role in the degeneration of nerve components [60].
AIDP- "Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy," AMAN- "Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy," AMSAN- "Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy," MFS- "Miller Fisher Syndrome," TNF- "Tumor Necrosis Factor," IL- "Interleukin".
There are a few studies done in arboviral infections that have demonstrated anti-ganglioside antibodies. Dutta et al. observed an increase in anti-GD1a, GD1b, GT1b, and GQ1b antibodies in GBS patients with antecedent Japanese Encephalitis infection [61]. In a study conducted in immunocompetent mice, an increase in anti-GD1a and GD1b antibodies was observed in Zika virus associated GBS [62]. In another study involving GBS patients with antecedent Zika virus infection, antibody against GD3 ganglioside was found to be in high [63]. In GBS patients who had a prior COVID-19 infection, antibodies against GM1, GM2, GD1a, and GQ1b have been identified [64,65,66]. In the AIDP variant, autoantibodies against cell adhesion proteins like neurofascin, NRCAM, and contactin-2 localized at Ranvier's nodes have been suggested as possible targets [67]. Similar evidence is not well documented for Chikungunya infection. Anti-ganglioside screening has been sparsely done in GBS cases associated with antecedent Chikungunya infection. Although molecular mimicry is speculated to be the most likely mechanism for such cases, there is a lack of evidence that demonstrates viral structure mimicking neural structures. There are two pathways of pathogenesis of Neuro-Chikungunya proposed. One is the direct viral CNS infection which may explain the quick onset of neurological symptoms in GBS patients with antecedent Chikungunya infection (as short as 2 or 3 days) and the second is the PNS affection by autoimmune mechanisms. However, there is a need to generate more evidence on it as well as on the possibility of viral mutations leading to neurological complications [68, 69].
Apart from anti-ganglioside antibodies, the epineurium and endoneurium of the nerves have demonstrated infiltration of T lymphocytes in GBS. CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes, as well as macrophages, are observed in greater numbers. It is suggested that the activated T lymphocytes in infections release proinflammatory cytokines, that further activate the complement system leading to demyelination and axonal degeneration. TNF-α produced by the infiltrating T cells has a direct myelinotoxic effect on myelinated fibers, causing demyelination [70]. The exact mechanisms of pathogenesis, however, still remains unclear.
Clinical manifestations and diagnosis
GBS is caused by the autoimmune attack of peripheral nerves. After the onset of symptoms, it may take 24 hours to four weeks to reach the nadir. The clinical symptoms involved in GBS include weakness and tingling sensation of upper and/or lower limbs which may progress to paralysis of leg, arm, or facial muscles if left untreated [12].. Some patients may suffer from facial nerve palsy, oculomotor weakness, or oropharyngeal weakness. 10 to 30% GBS patients suffer from severe respiratory muscle weakness within 2 to 4 weeks and require mechanical ventilation [71]. Keesen et al. observed that in well-characterised GBS patients, respiratory involvement was more distinctively associated with antecedent Chikungunya infection as compared to other arboviral etiology [72]. Autonomic manifestations like ileus, urinary retention, fever, tachycardia or bradycardia, hypertension or hypotension are also reported in the GBS patients [73,74,75].. Fulminant GBS cases reported are characterized by the "absence of brainstem reflexes, complete tetraplegia, and respiratory arrest" [76]. Rarely, papilledema, facial myokymia, hearing loss, meningeal signs, change in mental status, vocal cord paralysis are also seen in GBS patients [77]. (Fig. 2) shows the clinical features seen in the different variants of GBS.
AIDP- "Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy," AMAN- "Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy," AMSAN- "Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy," MFS- "Miller Fisher Syndrome".
A diagnosis of GBS is mostly based on the clinical history and physical examination. "National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)" has published the GBS diagnostic criteria that is being widely followed (Fig. 3) [78]. The CSF examination and electrophysiological studies provide additional details about the condition. Routine laboratory investigations such as complete blood count, tests for blood glucose, electrolyte estimation, kidney and liver function tests are done in order to exclude other underlying pathologies. Anti-ganglioside antibodies found in the serum aid in identifying the GBS variant. In GBS, CSF protein level is elevated with a normal cell count. CSF examination is also done to find albumin-cytological dissociation [78]. The severity of the symptoms can be assessed by nerve conduction studies (NCS) and electromyography, which can aid in distinguishing between the axonal and demyelinating forms. Radiological studies can aid in cases where CSF and nerve conduction studies are inconclusive. Spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can exclude other conditions like compressive polyradiculopathy and transverse myelitis [79].
Treatment and prognosis
Primarily IVIg (0.4 g/kg for 5 days) and plasma exchange (200–250 ml plasma/kg body weight in five sessions) are the recommended treatments for GBS which are quite effective. Due to better availability and ease of administration, IVIg is preferred over plasma exchange. Despite therapy, there is a significant mortality of 3–10% [78, 80].
ICU admission is warranted in about 22% of the patients with GBS due to increasing respiratory insufficiency, as was the case here; severe dysfunction in swallowing, cardiac abnormalities and in rapid progression of weakness. Respiratory distress requiring mechanical ventilation has been reported in cases with antecedent Chikungunya infection. In such cases, both acute and long-term mortality are low [78, 81].
Antiviral treatment can be considered in patients with GBS who have an ongoing treatable viral infection; however, preceding infections have usually resolved before the onset of weakness [78]. Arboviral infections including Chikungunya infection is managed by supportive measures. A few novel antiviral compounds and monoclonal antibodies are being evaluated against Chikungunya virus [82,83,84]..
Severe disability is seen in 20% of cases which require neurorehabilitation. Some of the delayed complications of GBS include neuropathic pain, postural hypotension, and fatigue. These may persist for months together [80].
In conclusion, although GBS is considered as a rare disease, there is a perceptible increase in the incidence, especially during outbreaks and pandemics of infectious disease. Many studies mentioned in the literature review have concurred the same. Here we have reported a case of GBS associated with antecedent Chikungunya infection. Chikungunya infection most often causes a self-limiting disease; however, severe complications have been reported occasionally. The case described in this paper adds to the few cases of Chikungunya infection preceding GBS reported globally. This will help physiciansunderstand the clinical course and managesuch cases better. As per the evidence in literature, it is worth noting that acute Arboviral infections including Chikungunya infection lead to GBS in a short period of time that usually ranges from a few days to a few weeks. Most of these cases require ICU support due to frequently associated respiratory insufficiency. Documentation of such cases can help public health policy makers to undertake more surveillance programs and implement appropriate control measures to reduce the burden of Arboviral infections. Along with it, an understanding of the pathogenesis may lead to the development of more directed preventive and therapeutic interventions.
Data availability
Not applicable.
Guillain Barré Syndrome
Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy
Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy
Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy
Miller Fisher Syndrome
Pharyngeal Cervical Brachial
Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis
Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Lower Motor Neuron
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Endotracheal tube
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Antigen-presenting cells
Epstein Barr virus
Cluster of differentiation
Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
Bragazzi, N. L., Kolahi, A. A., Nejadghaderi, S. A., Lochner, P., Brigo, F., Naldi, A., et al. (2021). Global, regional, and national burden of Guillain–Barré syndrome and its underlying causes from 1990 to 2019. J Neuroinflammation, 18(1), 264. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-021-02319-4.
Kuwabara, S. (2004). Guillain-Barré syndrome: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. Drugs, 64(6), 597–610. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200464060-00003.
Zheng, P., Tian, D. C., Xiu, Y., Wang, Y., & Shi, F. D. (2021). Incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in China: A national population-based study. The Lancet Regional Health Western Pacific, 18, 100302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100302.
Matsui, N., Nodera, H., Kuzume, D., Iwasa, N., Unai, Y., et al. (2018). Guillain-Barré syndrome in a local area in Japan, 2006–2015: An epidemiological and clinical study of 108 patients. European Journal of Neurology, 25(5), 718–724. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.13569.
Mathew, T., Srinivas, M., Nadig, R., Arumugam, R., & Sarma, G. R. (2014). Seasonal and monthly trends in the occurrence of Guillain-Barre syndrome over a 5-year period: A tertiary care hospital-based study from South India. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology, 17(2), 239–241. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-2327.132662.
Boucquey, D., Sindic, C. J., Lamy, M., Delmée, M., Tomasi, J. P., & Laterre, E. C. (1991). Clinical and serological studies in a series of 45 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 104(1), 56–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(91)90216-t.
Meshram, R. M., Merchant, S., Bokade, C. M., Bhongade, S., Patil, S., et al. (2016). Seasonal Variation in Childhood Guillain- Barre Syndrome in Central India. J Pediatr Neonatal Care, 5(6), 00201. https://doi.org/10.15406/jpnc.2016.05.00201.
Pimentel, V., Luchsinger, V. W., Carvalho, G. L., Alcará, A. M., Esper, N. B., Marinowic, D., Zanirati, G., & da Costa, J. C. (2023). Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19: A systematic review. Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 28, 100578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100578.
Bueso, T., Montalvan, V., Lee, J., Gomez, J., Ball, S., Shoustari, A., Julayanont, P., & Jumper, C. (2021). Guillain-Barre Syndrome and COVID-19: A case report. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 200, 106413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106413.
Chakraborty, U., Hati, A., & Chandra, A. (2021). Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barré syndrome: A series of a relatively uncommon neurological complication. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, 15(6), 102326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102326.
Jacobs, B. C., Rothbarth, P. H., van der Meché, F. G., Herbrink, P., Schmitz, P. I., de Klerk, M. A., & van Doorn, P. A. (1998). The spectrum of antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-control study. Neurology, 51(4), 1110–1115. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.51.4.1110.
Guillain–Barré syndrome (2023). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/guillain-barré-syndrome. Accessed 08 Aug 2023.
Jasem, J., Marof, K., Nawar, A., Khalaf, Y., Aswad, S., Hamdani, F., Islam, M., & Kalil, A. (2013). Guillain-Barré syndrome as a cause of acute flaccid paralysis in Iraqi children: A result of 15 years of nation-wide study. BMC Neurology, 13, 195. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-13-195.
Melone, M. A., Heming, N., Meng, P., Mompoint, D., Aboab, J., Clair, B., Salomon, J., Sharshar, T., Orlikowski, D., Chevret, S., & Annane, D. (2020). Early mechanical ventilation in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome at high risk of respiratory failure: A randomized trial. Annals of Intensive care, 10(1), 128. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-020-00742-z.
Netto, A. B., Taly, A. B., Kulkarni, G. B., Rao, U. G., & Rao, S. (2011). Mortality in mechanically ventilated patients of Guillain Barré Syndrome. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology, 14(4), 262–266. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-2327.91942.
Arami, M. A., Yazdchi, M., & Khandaghi, R. (2006). Epidemiology and characteristics of Guillain-Barré syndrome in the northwest of Iran. Annals of Saudi Medicine, 26(1), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2006.22.
Nagappa, M., Rahul, W., Sinha, S., Bindu, P. S., Mathuranath, P. S., Rao, S., et al. (2017). Guillain Barre Syndrome in the elderly: Experience from a tertiary-care hospital in India. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience: Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 46, 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2017.08.048.
Doets, A. Y., Verboon, C., van den Berg, B., Harbo, T., Cornblath, & IGOS Consortium. (2018). Regional variation of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 141(10), 2866–2877. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awy232.
Chikungunya virus| CDC (2023). https://www.cdc.gov/chikungunya/index.html. Accessed 14 Jun 2023.
Ojeda Rodriguez, J. A., Haftel, A., & Walker, I. I. I. (2023). Chikungunya Fever. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534224/. Accessed 14 Jun 2023.
Gonçalves Júnior, J., de Oliveira Bringel, M., Rodrigues de Morais, L. (2022). Chikungunya Neurological Manifestations: A Systematic Literature Review IntechOpen. doi:https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95525.
Thiruvengadam, K. V., Kalyanasundaram, V., & Rajgopal, J. (1965). Clinical and pathological studies on chikungunya fever in Madras city. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 53(8), 729–744.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome| Campylobacter| CDC (2022). https://www.cdc.gov/campylobacter/guillain-barre.html. Accessed 09 Aug 2023.
Hao, Q., Saida, T., Kuroki, S., Nishimura, M., Nukina, M., Obayashi, H., & Saida, K. (1998). Antibodies to gangliosides and galactocerebroside in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome with preceding Campylobacter jejuni and other identified infections. Journal of Neuroimmunology, 81(1–2), 116–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-5728(97)00166-5.
Constant, O. C., Bentley, C. C., Denman, A. M., Lehane, J. R., & Larson, H. E. (1983). The Guillain-Barré syndrome following Campylobacter enteritis with recovery after plasmapheresis. The Journal of Infection, 6(1), 89–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(83)95881-4.
Molnar, G. K., Mertsola, J., & Erkko, M. (1982). Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with campylobacter infection. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research ed), 285(6342), 652. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.285.6342.652.
Pryor, W. M., Freiman, J. S., Gillies, M. A., & Tuck, R. R. (1984). Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Campylobacter infection. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 14(5), 687–688. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.1984.tb05033.x.
Speed, B., Kaldor, J., & Cavanagh, P. (1984). Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Campylobacter jejuni enteritis. The Journal of Infection, 8(1), 85–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(84)93516-3.
Hao, Y., Wang, W., Jacobs, B. C., Qiao, B., Chen, M., Liu, D., Feng, X., & Wang, Y. (2019). Antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A single-center, prospective study. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, 6(12), 2510–2517. https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.50946.
Mamishi, S., Ashrafi, M. R., Mohammadi, M., Zamani, G., Pourakbari, B., Mahmoudi, S., & Aziz-Ahari, S. (2021). Cytomegalovirus infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome: The First Case-Control Study in Iran. Iranian Journal of Child Neurology, 15(4), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijcn.v15i4.31285.
Leung, J., Sejvar, J. J., Soares, J., & Lanzieri, T. M. (2020). Guillain-Barré syndrome and antecedent cytomegalovirus infection, USA 2009–2015. Neurological Sciences: Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 41(4), 885–891. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-019-04156-z.
Abidoye, O., Raybon-Rojas, E., & Ogbuagu, H. (2022). A rare case of Epstein-Barr Virus: Infectious mononucleosis complicated by Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Cureus, 14(1), e21085. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.21085.
Gupta, M., Monjazeb, S., Rosser, T., Santoro, J. D., & Ahsan, N. (2023). A case of Pediatric Guillain-Barré Syndrome after respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatric Neurology, 146, 129–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.06.013.
Zheng, X., Yu, L., Xu, Q., Gu, S., & Tang, L. (2018). Guillain-Barre syndrome caused by hepatitis E infection: Case report and literature review. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-2959-2.
Blecker, E., & Ehtsham, M. (2021). Guillain-Barré Syndrome Likely due to Relapsing Hepatitis A. Case reports in hepatology, 2021, 5570027. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5570027.
Wei, J., & Duan, S. (2021). Severe Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with chronic hepatitis B: A case report and literature review. Medicine, 100(48), e27989. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027989.
Figueiredo, C. A., Klautau, G. B., Afonso, A. M., Castrignano, S. B., Oliveira, M. I., et al. (2008). Isolation and genotype analysis of Rubella virus from a case of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Journal of Clinical Virology: The Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, 43(3), 343–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2008.07.015.
Cao-Lormeau, V. M., Blake, A., Mons, S., Lastère, S., Roche, C., Vanhomwegen, J., Dub, T., et al. (2016). Guillain-Barré syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French polynesia: A case-control study. Lancet (London England), 387(10027), 1531–1539. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00562-6.
Koike, H., Chiba, A., & Katsuno, M. (2021). Emerging infection, vaccination, and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A review. Neurology and Therapy, 10(2), 523–537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-021-00261-4.
Assesssment and management of Guillain-Barré syndrome in the context of Zika virus infection: interim guidance update (2016). https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/WHO-ZIKV-MOC-16.4-Rev.1. Accessed 8 Jun 2023.
Leonhard, S. E., Tan, C. Y., van der Eijk, A. A., Reisin, R. R., Franken, S. C., Huizinga, R., et al. (2021). Antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome in endemic areas of arbovirus transmission: A multinational case-control study. Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System: JPNS, 26(4), 449–460. https://doi.org/10.1111/jns.12469.
Arriaga-Nieto, L., Hernández-Bautista, P. F., Vallejos-Parás, A., Grajales-Muñiz, C., et al. (2022). Predict the incidence of Guillain Barré Syndrome and Arbovirus infection in Mexico, 2014–2019. PLOS Global Public Health, 2(3), e0000137. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000137.
Verma, R., Sharma, P., Garg, R. K., Atam, V., Singh, M. K., & Mehrotra, H. S. (2011). Neurological complications of dengue fever: Experience from a tertiary center of north India. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology, 14(4), 272–278. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-2327.91946.
Dutta, D., Debnath, M., Nagappa, M., Das, S. K., Wahatule, R., Sinha, S., Taly, A. B., & Ravi, V. (2021). Antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome patients from south India. Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System: JPNS, 26(3), 298–306. https://doi.org/10.1111/jns.12459.
Lebrun, G., Chadda, K., Reboux, A. H., Martinet, O., & Gaüzère, B. A. (2009). Guillain-Barré syndrome after chikungunya infection. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 15(3), 495–496. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1503.071482.
Lemant, J., Boisson, V., Winer, A., Thibault, L., André, H., Tixier, F., Lemercier, M., Antok, E., Cresta, M. P., Grivard, P., et al. (2008). Serious acute Chikungunya virus infection requiring intensive care during the Reunion Island outbreak in 2005–2006. Critical care Medicine, 36(9), 2536–2541. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e318183f2d2.
Balavoine, S., Pircher, M., Hoen, B., Herrmann-Storck, C., Najioullah, F., Madeux, B., Signate, A., Valentino, R., Lannuzel, A., Saint Louis, M., Cassadou, S., Cabié, A., & Schepers, K. (2017). Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Chikungunya: Description of all cases diagnosed during the 2014 outbreak in the French West Indies. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 97(2), 356–360. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.15-0753.
Villamil-Gómez, W., Silvera, L. A., Páez-Castellanos, J., & Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. (2016). Guillain-Barré syndrome after Chikungunya infection: A case in Colombia. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica, 34(2), 140–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2015.05.012.
Matos, A. M. B., Carvalho, M., Malta, F. M., Rodrigues, D. L., Félix, C. L., Pannuti, A. C., Lima, C. S., Espósito, A. D. D. R., Santos, D. L. A. D., von Glehn, L. M. B., Colares, F., da Fonseca, J. K. B., de Oliveira, B. A. L., A. C. P., & Romano, C. M. (2020). High proportion of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with chikungunya in Northeast Brazil. Neurology(R) Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation, 7(5), e833. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000833.
do Rosário, M. S., de Jesus, P. A. P., Farias, D. S., Novaes, M. A. C., Francisco, M. V. L. O., Santos, C. S., Moura, D., Lima, F. W. M., Alcantara, L. C. J., & de Siqueira, I. C. (2022). Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Miller Fisher Syndrome in Association with an arboviral outbreak: A Brazilian Case Series. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, 911175. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.911175.
Agarwal, A., Vibha, D., Srivastava, A. K., Shukla, G., & Prasad, K. (2017). Guillain-Barre syndrome complicating Chikungunya virus infection. Journal of Neurovirology, 23(3), 504–507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-017-0516-1.
Mahto, S. K., Gupta, P. K., Singh, A., & Meena, R. C. (2018). Atypical neurological manifestations of Chikungunya Fever: Two case reports. Indian Journal of Critical care Medicine: peer-reviewed Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 22(4), 306–308. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_459_17.
Hameed, S., & Khan, S. (2019). Rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome after chikungunya viral fever. BMJ case Reports, 12(4), e228845. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-228845.
van den Berg, B., Walgaard, C., Drenthen, J., Fokke, C., Jacobs, B. C., & van Doorn, P. A. (2014). Guillain-Barré syndrome: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Nature Reviews Neurology, 10(8), 469–482. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2014.121.
Nyati, K. K., & Nyati, R. (2013). Role of Campylobacter jejuni infection in the pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome: An update. BioMed Research International, 2013, 852195. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/852195.
Finsterer, J. (2022). Triggers of Guillain-Barré Syndrome: Campylobacter jejuni predominates. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(22), 14222. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214222.
Shahrizaila, N., & Yuki, N. (2011). Guillain-barré syndrome animal model: the first proof of molecular mimicry in human autoimmune disorder. Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology, 2011, 829129. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/829129.
Saeed, M. L., Baloch, K., Mahmud, B., Khan, S. N., Qureshi, M. T., Shad, M. S. S., Hussain, Z. S., Munawar, S. W., Qadeer, K., A., & Abdullah, A. (2019). Role of anti-ganglioside antibodies in the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré Syndrome as an alternate investigation. Cureus, 11(5), e4625. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.4625.
Goodfellow, J. A., Bowes, T., Sheikh, K., Odaka, M., Halstead, S. K., Humphreys, P. D., Wagner, E. R., Yuki, N., Furukawa, K., Furukawa, K., Plomp, J. J., & Willison, H. J. (2005). Overexpression of GD1a ganglioside sensitizes motor nerve terminals to anti-GD1a antibody-mediated injury in a model of acute motor axonal neuropathy. The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 25(7), 1620–1628. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4279-04.2005.
Susuki, K., Rasband, M. N., Tohyama, K., Koibuchi, K., Okamoto, S., Funakoshi, K., Hirata, K., Baba, H., & Yuki, N. (2007). Anti-GM1 antibodies cause complement-mediated disruption of sodium channel clusters in peripheral motor nerve fibers. The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 27(15), 3956–3967. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4401-06.2007.
Dutta, D., Debnath, M., Seshagiri, D. V., Nair, B. V. S., Das, S. K., Wahatule, R., Sinha, S., Ravi, V., Taly, A. B., & Nagappa, M. (2022). Impact of antecedent infections on the antibodies against gangliosides and Ganglioside complexes in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A correlative study. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology, 25(3), 401–406. https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_121_22.
Beaver, J. T., Mills, L. K., Swieboda, D., Lelutiu, N., Esser, E. S., Antao, O. Q., Scountzou, E., Williams, D. T., Papaioannou, N., Littauer, E. Q., & Skountzou, I. (2020). Zika virus-induced neuro-ocular pathology in immunocompetent mice correlates with anti-ganglioside autoantibodies. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 16(9), 2092–2108. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1775459.
Nico, D., Conde, L., Rivera-Correa, J. L., Vasconcelos-Dos-Santos, A., et al. (2018). Prevalence of IgG autoantibodies against GD3 Ganglioside in Acute Zika Virus infection. Frontiers in Medicine, 5, 25. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2018.00025.
Simões, J. L. B., & Bagatini, M. D. (2021). Purinergic Signaling of ATP in COVID-19 Associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology: The Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 16(1), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-020-09980-1.
Dufour, C., Co, T. K., & Liu, A. (2021). GM1 ganglioside antibody and COVID-19 related Guillain Barre Syndrome - a case report, systemic review and implication for vaccine development. Brain Behavior & immunity - health, 12, 100203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100203.
Chan, M., Han, S. C., Kelly, S., Tamimi, M., Giglio, B., & Lewis, A. (2021). A Case Series of Guillain-Barré Syndrome after COVID-19 infection in New York. Neurology Clinical Practice, 11(4), e576–e578. https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000880.
Ziganshin, R. H., Ivanova, O. M., Lomakin, Y. A., Belogurov, A. A. Jr, Kovalchuk, S. I., Azarkin, I. V., Arapidi, G. P., Anikanov, N. A., Shender, V. O., Piradov, M. A., Suponeva, N. A., Vorobyeva, A. A., Gabibov, A. G., Ivanov, V. T., & Govorun, V. M. (2016). The pathogenesis of the demyelinating form of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS): Proteo-peptidomic and immunological profiling of physiological fluids. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics: MCP, 15(7), 2366–2378. https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M115.056036.
Ferreira da Silva, I. R., Frontera, J. A., Moreira, & Nascimento, O. J. (2016). News from the battlefront: Zika virus-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome in Brazil. Neurology, 87(15), e180–e181. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003024.
Cerny, T., Schwarz, M., Schwarz, U., Lemant, J., Gérardin, P., & Keller, E. (2017). The range of neurological complications in Chikungunya Fever. Neurocritical care, 27(3), 447–457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-017-0413-8.
Nyati, K. K., & Prasad, K. N. (2014). Role of cytokines and toll-like receptors in the immunopathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Mediators of Inflammation, 2014, 758639. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/758639.
Fokke, C., van den Berg, B., Drenthen, J., Walgaard, C., van Doorn, P. A., & Jacobs, B. C. (2014). Diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome and validation of Brighton criteria. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 137(Pt 1), 33–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awt285.
Keesen, T. S. L., de Almeida, R. P., Gois, B. M., Peixoto, R. F., Pachá, A. S. C., Vieira, F. C. F., Paixão, M., Cazzaniga, R., Boyton, R. J., & Altmann, D. M. (2017). Guillain-Barré syndrome and arboviral infection in Brazil. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 17(7), 693–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30333-X.
Ho, T. W., Hsieh, S. T., Nachamkin, I., Willison, H. J., Sheikh, K., Kiehlbauch, J., Flanigan, K., McArthur, J. C., Cornblath, D. R., McKhann, G. M., & Griffin, J. W. (1997). Motor nerve terminal degeneration provides a potential mechanism for rapid recovery in acute motor axonal neuropathy after Campylobacter infection. Neurology, 48(3), 717–724. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.48.3.717.
Lehmann, H. C., Jangouk, P., Kierysch, E. K., Meyer zu Hörste, G., Hartung, H. P., & Kieseier, B. C. (2010). Autoantibody-mediated dysfunction of sympathetic neurons in guillain-barre syndrome. Archives of Neurology, 67(2), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2009.331.
van Doorn, P. A., Ruts, L., & Jacobs, B. C. (2008). Clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The Lancet Neurology, 7(10), 939–950. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70215-1.
Nakamura, Y., Motoki, M., Hirose, T., Hosokawa, T., Ishida, S., & Arawaka, S. (2019). Fulminant Guillain-Barré syndrome showing severe pharyngeal-cervical-brachial weakness in the recovery phase: A case report. BMC Neurology, 19(1), 145. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-019-1376-5.
Mustafa, A., Adio, B., & Yarahmadi, A. (2021). Descending paralysis as an atypical presentation of Guillain-Barré Syndrome. SAGE open Medical case Reports, 9, 2050313X20986662. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050313X20986662.
Leonhard, S. E., Mandarakas, M. R., Gondim, F. A. A., Bateman, K., Ferreira, M. L. B., Cornblath, D. R., van Doorn, P. A., Dourado, M. E., Hughes, R. A. C., Islam, B., Kusunoki, S., Pardo, C. A., Reisin, R., Sejvar, J. J., Shahrizaila, N., Soares, C., Umapathi, T., Wang, Y., Yiu, E. M., Willison, H. J., & Jacobs, B. C. (2019). Diagnosis and management of Guillain-Barré syndrome in ten steps. Nature Reviews Neurology, 15(11), 671–683. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-019-0250-9.
Singh, G., Bell, D., Rasuli, B., et al. (2021). Guillain-Barré syndrome. Reference Article Radiopaedia org. https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-7533. https://radiopaedia.org/articles/guillain-barre-syndrome-2 Accessed on 05 Oct 2023.
Head, V. A., & Wakerley, B. R. (2016). Guillain-Barré syndrome in general practice: Clinical features suggestive of early diagnosis. The British Journal of General Practice: The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 66(645), 218–219. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X684733.
Witsch, J., Galldiks, N., Bender, A., Kollmar, R., Bösel, J., Hobohm, C., Günther, A., Schirotzek, I., Fuchs, K., & Jüttler, E. (2013). Long-term outcome in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation. Journal of Neurology, 260(5), 1367–1374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-012-6806-x.
Abdelnabi, R., Kovacikova, K., Moesslacher, J., Donckers, K., Battisti, V., Leyssen, P., Langer, T., Puerstinger, G., Quérat, G., Li, C., Decroly, E., Tas, A., Marchand, A., Chaltin, P., Coutard, B., van Hemert, M., Neyts, J., & Delang, L. (2020). Novel class of Chikungunya Virus small molecule inhibitors that targets the viral Capping Machinery. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 64(7), e00649–e00620. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00649-20.
Feibelman, K. M., Fuller, B. P., Li, L., LaBarbera, D. V., & Geiss, B. J. (2018). Identification of small molecule inhibitors of the Chikungunya virus nsP1 RNA capping enzyme. Antiviral Research, 154, 124–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.03.013.
Kovacikova, K., & van Hemert, M. J. (2020). Small-molecule inhibitors of Chikungunya Virus: Mechanisms of Action and Antiviral Drug Resistance. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 64(12), e01788–e01720. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01788-20.
Not applicable.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
SV prepared the first draft of the manuscript and performed the virological laboratory investigations. AP was involved in conceptualisation, literature research, and manuscript editing and review. SM was responsible for literature search and manuscript editing. ARP was responsible for patient recruitment, interpretation of clinical data, manuscript editing and review. RSM and CM were responsible for critically revising the paper for important intellectual content and overall supervision. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The additional virological investigations done were a part of the study titled, 'Screening for antecedent viral infections in Guillain Barre Syndrome' that was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC), Kasturba Medical College, and Kasturba Hospital (Approval ID: 167/2022).
Consent for publication
Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for the publication of this report.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' information
Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Sreelakshmi V, Amrita Pattanaik, Srilatha Marate, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay.
Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Reeta S Mani.
Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Aparna R Pai.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
About this article
Cite this article
V., S., Pattanaik, A., Marate, S. et al. Guillain-barré syndrome (GBS) with antecedent chikungunya infection: a case report and literature review. Neurol. Res. Pract. 6, 21 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-024-00315-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-024-00315-6
|
As soon as I set foot in Marathon Village, Nashville, the alluring mix of history and coolness took over my senses. The idea of transforming a 100-year-old auto factory into a bustling creative hub immediately captivated me. Within its red-brick walls, this one-of-a-kind shopping district became my favorite place to find unique items and enjoy the art that Music City quietly offers.
Table of Contents
ToggleI like the charm of reusing industrial space, and I love telling stories. Every shop embodies a unique character, and every item embodies a tale awaiting narration.
While I was exploring the maze of unique shops and artisanal studios, I couldn't help but be amazed at how the past and the present meet in this place.
The history of early automakers fuels the passion of today's artists and businesspeople in this vibrant cultural hub. If you want to do something different from the usual retail therapy, let me give you a written tour of Marathon Village, where history and modern style come together in a roaring symphony!
Important Things You Need to Know
1. I just recently learned that Nashville, Tennessee's Marathon Village is a lively shopping area. This one-of-a-kind area is in the old Marathon Motor Works factory and has a mix of shops, studios, and galleries for people to check out. Because of the work that went into preserving this historical site, it has become an important place for people who want to mix culture with shopping.
2. As I walked around the remodeled area, I noticed that each store offers a unique experience that shows the creative spirit of Nashville. There's something here for every kind of shopper looking for real Nashville treasures, from artisan crafts and shops selling locally made goods to specialty foods and one-of-a-kind antiques.
3. The rich history that was built into the walls of Marathon Village really interested me. Beginning in the early 1900s, the area was home to Marathon Motor Works, which was Tennessee's first car company. It's like walking through a living museum how this old auto factory has been turned into something else while still honoring its past.
4. When I was there, I couldn't help but notice how Marathon Village encourages local creativity and business. There's more to it than just shopping. I saw artists at work in their studios and talked to them, learning about how they make art and the stories behind their pieces.
5. Marathon Music Works, a small concert hall in the district that shows off musicians from all kinds of genres, stood out to me as a great feature. Marathon Village's dedication to preserving Nashville's renowned music scene, along with its shopping and historical appeal, is evident through its existence.
Exploring the Artisan Boutiques
The variety of artisan shops in Marathon Village makes me fall in love as I walk through the hallways. Each store offers unique offerings, such as handcrafted jewelry or customized leather goods. This wide range of foods is what draws me back.
Most of the time, I talk to the shop owners, who are always happy to tell me about the things they make. It feels more personal, and I appreciate how they connect me to the Nashville art scene.
Industrial Ambiance Meets Modern Creativity
When I go to Marathon Village, I feel like I'm in a historical place. The old brick walls and big windows in the remodeled auto factory make the space feel both industrial and warm.
I appreciate the innovative use of old buildings. Old machines and new, creative businesses next to each other create an inspiring space that shows Nashville's spirit of innovation.
The Distinctive Flavor of Local Spirits
The local distillery is always a highlight of my trips. Their bourbons and craft whiskeys are delicious. I'm proud to support local businesses, and the fact that I can drink a spirit that was made right here in the middle of Music City shows that the area is becoming known as a place to go for great spirits.
It's not just about the taste; it's also about learning from the distillers about the old ways they make the spirits.
Unique Culinary Delights
In Marathon Village, there are a lot of different kinds of food. I've enjoyed everything from high-end chocolates to hand-made cheeses, and the quality is always top-notch.
Every bite I take makes me think of how creative Nashville's food is. Going to a tasting session or getting a bite to eat at one of the local restaurants is something I recommend to anyone who likes unique tastes and hand-made goods.
Live Music and Entertainment
Live music is an important part of Nashville, and Marathon Village doesn't let you down. Observing both new and established artists perform live in the halls of this historic building has been a delightful experience for me.
The music fills the room with a lively, energizing vibe that you can't find anywhere else. Marathon Village is a multidimensional place to visit because it has history, art, and music all in one place.
Finding Unique Collectibles and Antiques
As I walk around the village, I'm always on the lookout for unique finds and old things. Every find carries a story that requires telling, akin to a treasure hunt.
All of these things, from old records to one-of-a-kind home decor, are not only memories but also conversation starters. They show the essence of the city's deep cultural history.
Immersive art galleries
The art galleries in Marathon Village are beautiful to look at. Local art, from beautiful paintings to sculptures that make you think, has kept me busy for hours.
The galleries change their displays often, so each visit gives you a new perspective. Going to an art show here is like getting a glimpse of Nashville's creative community.
Participating in Workshops and Events
I've found that one of the best ways to get to know people in the area is to go to workshops and events at Marathon Village. Whether it's a class on how to make leather goods or a small concert, these things are fun and can help you grow as a person.
I love the workshops so much because they give me hands-on opportunities to bring a little bit of Nashville's creative spirit home with me.
Planning Your Visit to Marathon Village
Before I end, I'd like to leave you with some tips that will make your experience better. When you visit can make a huge difference. The village's calendar lists events that you might be interested in.
There is a lot of ground to cover, so wear shoes that are easy on your feet. Also, don't forget to bring a camera. The historic background and lively culture are perfect for taking pictures.
What are some tips for first-time visitors to Marathon Village?
Come up with new ideas everywhere you look. You'll find them in the strangest places.
Talk to the shop owners and artists; they're part of what makes this place unique.
To get a real taste of Nashville's flavors, try some of the city's foods and drinks.
If you want to make the most of your visit, schedule it around live music performances.
Look for unique collectibles. These can make great gifts or souvenirs.
You can have fun and learn something new at the same time if you like do-it-yourself projects.
Last Thoughts
The uniqueness of Marathon Village always strikes me when I visit. The transformation of the old Marathon Motor Works into a blank canvas for Nashville's artists always amazes me. The area is more than just a place to shop; it's a chance to walk through history and enjoy the work of local artisans.
The shop owners and visitors all feel like they are part of the same community, which makes this historical site feel warm and welcoming.
This mix of old and new makes Marathon Village an important place to visit in Nashville for anyone who likes to shop or explore cities.
What is Marathon Village?
Marathon Village is a one-of-a-kind and lively shopping area in Nashville, Tennessee. There is a beautiful restored car factory where the Marathon Motor Works used to be in the early 1900s. It's now a place where artists, entrepreneurs, and small-business owners meet and shop. It has a mix of history and creativity.
Can you experience the history of Marathon Motor Works there?
Of course! Visitors to Marathon Village have the opportunity to immerse themselves in the region's industrial history. Because the Marathon Motor Works is so important to Nashville's automotive history, it has a museum with displays and guided tours that honor its historic importance.
What types of stores are there in Marathon Village?
There are a lot of different kinds of shops, from fashion boutiques and artisan crafts to antique shops and music memorabilia shops. Each store has its own style and sells things that you probably won't find in a regular mall.
Are there dining options within Marathon Village?
People who are shopping can eat at a number of places, such as cozy cafes and casual restaurants. It might not have a huge selection, but it's a great way to enjoy shopping while also trying out local flavors.
Is there entertainment in Marathon Village?
Live music is a common form of entertainment in Marathon Village, both during planned events and unplanned performances. The atmosphere of the area, with its mix of old-fashioned charm and creative energy, is also fun on its own.
How do I get to Marathon Village?
Marathon Village is conveniently located only a few minutes from downtown Nashville. This makes it easy to get to by car, and there is plenty of parking. You can also take a taxi or rideshare from many places in the city and get there quickly.
Is Marathon Village family-friendly?
Yes, people of all ages are welcome to visit the district. The shops and attractions are more geared toward adults, but families can still enjoy exploring the one-of-a-kind space, and everyone is sure to find something interesting.
What are Marathon Village's opening hours?
Different shops in the district have different hours, but most of them are open during normal business hours. Some stay open later for special events. For the most up-to-date information, it's best to visit the official website or call the stores directly.
Are there any events happening at Marathon Village?
In fact, Marathon Village is often the site of a wide range of events, from pop-up markets to private parties and celebrations that take advantage of the area's historic feel. Check the event calendar for the district to see what's going on while you're there.
Is Marathon Village accessible for visitors with disabilities?
The district has tried to be easy to get to by adding ramps and elevators in some places. But because the buildings are old, some areas may be harder to get to than others. We recommend that you contact each venue in advance to obtain specific information about accessibility.
|
15 Must-Visit Things to Do in the Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C. is a vibrant city brimming with history, culture, and iconic landmarks. Whether you're a history buff, art enthusiast, or foodie, the nation's capital offers a plethora of activities to suit every interest. In this article, we will explore 15 must-visit attractions and things to do in Washington, D.C. that will make your visit memorable and enjoyable.
1. Visit the National Mall and Memorial Parks
The National Mall is the heart of Washington, D.C. and home to some of the most renowned monuments and memorials in the country. Take a stroll along the Mall and visit iconic landmarks such as the Lincoln Memorial, Washington Monument, and Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Immerse yourself in the rich history and pay tribute to the heroes who shaped the nation.
2. Explore the Smithsonian Institution
As the world's largest museum and research complex, the Smithsonian Institution is a treasure trove of knowledge and cultural artifacts. With 19 museums, galleries, and the National Zoo, there is something for everyone. Discover the wonders of science, art, history, and nature as you explore the Smithsonian's diverse collections.
3. Tour the U.S. Capitol Building
A visit to Washington, D.C. is incomplete without a tour of the U.S. Capitol Building. Marvel at the stunning architecture, walk the historic halls, and learn about the inner workings of the United States Congress. Don't miss the opportunity to witness democracy in action.
4. Wander through the National Gallery of Art
Art enthusiasts will be delighted by the National Gallery of Art. Housing an extensive collection spanning various periods and styles, this museum offers a visual feast for visitors. Admire masterpieces by renowned artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Vincent van Gogh, and Pablo Picasso.
5. Experience the Historic Georgetown
Step back in time and explore the charming streets of Georgetown. This historic neighborhood is known for its beautiful architecture, boutique shops, and vibrant dining scene. Take a leisurely walk along the historic C&O Canal or indulge in a delicious meal at one of the many restaurants.
6. Discover the Library of Congress
The Library of Congress is a paradise for book lovers and history enthusiasts. Explore the world's largest library collection, which includes rare books, manuscripts, and historical documents. Don't miss the chance to see the stunning architecture of the Jefferson Building.
7. Enjoy the Natural Beauty of Rock Creek Park
Escape the bustling city and immerse yourself in nature at Rock Creek Park. Spanning over 2,000 acres, this urban oasis offers hiking trails, picnic spots, and opportunities for wildlife sightings. It's the perfect place to recharge and enjoy the great outdoors.
8. Learn at the Newseum
Uncover the fascinating world of journalism at the Newseum. This interactive museum showcases the history of news and the important role it plays in democracy. Engage in thought-provoking exhibits and gain a deeper understanding of the First Amendment and the power of the press.
9. Pay Tribute at Arlington National Cemetery
Arlington National Cemetery is a place of honor and remembrance. Walk among the rows of white gravestones and pay your respects to the brave men and women who sacrificed their lives for their country. Witness the Changing of the Guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, a solemn and moving ceremony.
10. Take a Tour of the White House
While a tour of the White House requires advance planning and security clearance, it is a unique opportunity to step inside the residence of the President of the United States. Admire the elegant interiors, learn about the history, and gain insight into the daily operations of the executive branch.
11. Visit the National Air and Space Museum
Embark on a journey through the skies and beyond at the National Air and Space Museum. Discover the wonders of aviation and space exploration through captivating exhibits and interactive displays. Marvel at historic aircraft and artifacts, including the iconic Apollo 11 Command Module.
12. Indulge in Culinary Delights at Union Market
Food lovers will find their paradise at Union Market. This vibrant culinary destination showcases a wide array of local and international flavors. From artisanal cheeses to gourmet sandwiches and freshly brewed coffee, there's something to satisfy every palate.
13. Explore the National Zoo
Animal lovers shouldn't miss a visit to the National Zoo. Home to over 2,000 animals representing more than 390 species, this zoological park offers an exciting and educational experience for visitors of all ages. Get up close with giant pandas, lions, elephants, and other fascinating creatures.
14. Shop at Eastern Market
Immerse yourself in the vibrant atmosphere of Eastern Market. This historic market has been serving the community for over 145 years, offering fresh produce, artisanal crafts, and antiques. Browse the stalls, interact with local vendors, and soak in the lively ambiance.
15. Attend a Performance at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
Experience the magic of the performing arts at the John F. Kennedy Center. From theater and ballet to orchestral concerts and opera, this iconic venue hosts world-class performances year-round. Catch a show and be captivated by the talent and creativity on display.
Washington, D.C. is a city that embraces history, culture, and diversity. With its iconic landmarks, world-class museums, and vibrant neighborhoods, it offers an unforgettable experience for visitors. Whether you're exploring the National Mall, immersing yourself in art at the Smithsonian, or savoring culinary delights, Washington, D.C. has something for everyone. Plan your trip today and discover the wonders of the nation's capital.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q: How many museums are there in Washington, D.C.?
A: Washington, D.C. is home to 19 museums under the Smithsonian Institution.
Q: Can I visit the White House without a tour?
A: No, a tour of the White House requires advance planning and security clearance.
Q: Are there any outdoor recreational areas in Washington, D.C.?
A: Yes, Rock Creek Park offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking and picnicking.
Q: What is the best time to visit Washington, D.C.?
A: Spring (March to May) and fall (September to November) offer pleasant weather and beautiful cherry blossoms.
Q: Are there any free attractions in Washington, D.C.?
A: Yes, many museums and memorials in Washington, D.C. offer free admission to the public.
|
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) defines a "Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS)". It is a vessel that can operate to some extent without human interaction. These autonomous ships represent a significant advancement in maritime transportation. They can potentially revolutionize the shipping industry in several ways.
Advantages of MASS
One key advantage of a MASS is its potential to improve safety in maritime operations. By removing the need for human crew members, these ships can eliminate the risks associated with human error and fatigue, leading to fewer accidents and improved overall safety standards.
MASS (Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship) technology has the potential to greatly reduce the number of lost lives in adverse weather and maritime security issues, such as piracy attacks. Furthermore, MASS vessels can significantly lower operational costs as they do not require crew amenities or accommodations, making them more cost-effective and efficient than traditional human-crewed vessels.
Levels of autonomy
The degrees of autonomy identified for the scoping, according to the IMO:
- The first degree of automation involves a ship that has automated processes and decision support. While seafarers are still on board, their main role is operating and controlling the ship's systems and functions. The ship may have some automated and occasionally unsupervised operations, but the seafarers are always present and ready to take control when necessary.
- A ship with seafarers aboard can be remotely controlled in degree two. The ship's functions and systems are controlled and operated from a different location. Seafarers are on the ship to take charge and operate its systems and functions.
- The third level entails a remotely controlled ship without any seafarers on board. The operation and control of the ship are done from a different location.
- The fourth degree pertains to a completely autonomous ship. The ship's operating system can make decisions and take actions as needed.
Regulatory and safety issues
As mentioned, autonomous ships offer considerable benefits such as safety, efficiency, and improved operation. However, as a novel presence in the global maritime industry, they face significant cybersecurity and safety concerns.
Developing reliable autonomous systems and sensors for navigation and collision avoidance, ensuring secure communication, data exchange, and robust cybersecurity measures are critical challenges regulating MASS. IMO initiated a regulatory scoping exercise in 2017 to address these issues.
The exercise concluded in 2021 and aimed to address high-priority issues related to maritime conventions such as SOLAS, STCW, and COLREGs.
IMO then concluded that high-priority issues needed to be addressed, including developing MASS terminology, functional requirements of remote-control stations, revision of provisions for manual operations, watchkeeping, search and rescue, and information requirements for safe operation.
In December 2021, the Legal Committee (LEG) acknowledged that existing international conventions could allow Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) operation. However, some interpretations or amendments may be necessary to address certain issues, such as the role and responsibility of the remote operator or master, questions about liability, causation, and certification requirements.
The IMO's Maritime Safety Committee made progress on developing a non-mandatory goal-based instrument regulating MASS operations, which is expected to be adopted by 2025. STCW applies to seafarers on MASS but not remote operators and masters at ROC. The new MASS Code must address all training, certification, and competency requirements.
MASS in action
Yara Birkeland is the world's most well-known autonomous ship, resulting from a collaborative effort between Norwegian company Yara International ASA and several other firms. In the spring of 2022, the Porsgrunn region witnessed the commercial launch of the self-sufficient vessel Yara Birkeland. Yara International ASA stated that the ship will gradually become more independent of human control during its first two years of operation. Additionally, from February 26 to March 1, 2022, the Designing the Future of Full Autonomous Ship (DFFAS) consortium carried out a successful trial, simulating a fully self-sufficient ship's actual operation by directing the vessel to sail approximately 790 kilometres between Tokyo Bay and Ise Bay.
You can watch the DFFAS consortium's efforts over one and a half years to realize a fully autonomous ship in the documentary below:
Earlier this year, Samsung Heavy Industries demonstrated autonomous vessel navigation from South Korea to Taiwan. The demonstration covered 1,500 km from Geoje, South Kyungsang Province, to Jeju Island and Kaohsiung Port.
Finally, in late May, Kongsberg Maritime completed the autonomous operation of Eidsvaag Pioneer, a coastal cargo ship, in Norway.
Where we stand
Maritime autonomous surface ships pose an opportunity for more efficient and safer shipping. Seafarers can benefit from automation and have more time onboard, especially during low manning levels.
Autonomous vessels can reduce human error and increase operational efficiency. They can also navigate challenging weather conditions and remote areas, making shipping more reliable and cost-effective.
However, there are still obstacles to overcome, such as regulatory frameworks, cybersecurity concerns and proper training to ensure high safety standards.
Finally, integrating autonomous vessels into existing maritime infrastructure may require important technological and infrastructure upgrade investments.
|
The legendary B-17 Flying Fortress was no doubt the most famous bomber of World War II used by the United States Army Air Corps, and for good reasons. The Boeing heavy bomber outperformed its competitors and exceeded the performance specifications of the Air Corps. Even so, it was not the most produced bomber in history, nor was it even the most manufactured American military aircraft. It was, in fact, its usual companion that could carry heavier bomb loads at higher altitudes and had a higher top and cruise speed:
The Consolidated B-24 Liberator.
Flying Coffin At a Closer Look
The B-24 Liberator and B-17 Flying Fortress' developments were equally linked, so it was no surprise that the two served closely alongside one another in the skies of World War II.
B-24 was born when in 1938, the United States Army Air Corps asked Consolidated Aircraft of San Diego, California, to construct the B-17 Flying Fortress under licensed production. Consolidated reviewed the legendary aircraft and found that they could actually design and build a better and more capable bomber. They went and started to work on designing this better and more capable aircraft. The result was what the company internally called Model 32, with the latest aerodynamic practices applied, including the distinct shoulder-mounted, high aspect ratio "Davis Wing," which was particularly fantastic at lower speeds. Davis Wing at that time was efficient in terms of producing speeds for bombers while keeping the thick profile that enabled the aircraft to have extra fuel storage for range.
The wing also gave B-24 a high cruise speed, long-range, and most importantly, the ability to carry a heavy load of bombs. It used two vertical stabilizers at the rear plus two bomb rays. Since one of Consolidated's main objectives upon creating the B-24 was reducing its aerodynamic drag, they designed it so that its bay retracted into the fuselage when open instead of unfolding into the oncoming air against the wind. This design not only reduced drag while the bomb bays were open but also made access easier while on the ground.
The Liberator was the first-ever American bomber to use what was called a tricycle landing gear, which improved runway visibility while taxiing, as compared to taildraggers.
When the Liberator was created, the Allied forces did not yet have a fighter aircraft with the range to escort bombers into Europe and back, so bombers had to rely on and provide protection for themselves. The B-24's armament was similar to the B-17, with ten .50 caliber machine guns mounted in the tail, waist, belly, and on top of its fuselage. A Sperry ball turret protected its belly, but unlike the B-17, the B-24's ball turret was retractable because it had minimal ground clearance. This also gave the B-24 the capability to further reduce drag by raising its turret into the fuselage in-flight and lowering it when they expected to encounter the Luftwaffe.
Overshadowed by B-17
With all the superior qualities of the B-24 Liberator, one might be wondering why the B-17 Flying Fortress still overshadowed it. There were quite a few reasons why the B-17 received more love from the crew. One of the major reasons was that the Flying Fortress proved itself to be incredibly tough to shoot down in combat. It was not unusual to see B-17s returning to base with missing nose sections, elevators, half their vertical stabilizer or huge holes in the fuselage, which assured pilots that the aircraft could get them there and back home, regardless of their damages. One even survived being nearly cut in two by the wing of a Luftwaffe fighter that crashed into it in flight.
|
Production of Cationic Starch-Based Flocculants and Their Application
Acetylated starches in the concentration range from 3 to 9 g/L exhibited the best performance while, in our study, starch-based flocculants demonstrated an effective flocculation process at the concentration of 0.685 g/L. The suitability of the flocculant for sewage sludge dewatering could be also determined when assessing the formed flocs.
Feasibility of improving wastewater sludge dewaterability by,The compressibility of sludge treated with flocculants alone remains at high level, and physical conditioners can improve the mechanical strength of the sludge cake when it is pressured [19]. Mineral materials like the lime, diatomite, gypsum and fly ash have been used to improve the dewatering performance of the sludge [14], [20], [21].
Water treatment flocculation: Which flocculation agent is best?
Chitosan is a versatile flocculant that is used in a number of different active water treatment and semi-passive water treatment applications, as well as in fully passive water treatment systems. The flocculant is designed to be eco-friendly and to support long-term effectiveness for filtration media and equipment. Polyacrylamides.
Cationic polyacrylamide copolymers (PAMs): environmental half life,For a measured sludge dry solids concentration of 7.7 g/L, the flocculants dosage was 4.329 kg/TDS. Finally, 9247 g dewatered sludge with a dry matter content of 9.43%, corresponding to 872 g dry substance was produced. This was the test material (theoretical amount: 329.9 MBq/872 g dewatered sludge) used for the lysimeter experiments.
Plant-Based Flocculants: Alternative Materials to Synthetic Polymers
using dried flocculant at a dosage of 150 mg/L [16]. To the best of our knowledge, only this study was reported in the literature. Therefore, more investigations are needed to test okra-based flocculant efficiency on sludge collected various origins (municipal, industrial, etc.) and under various operating conditions. Cactus (Opuntia ficus Indica)
Minerals | Free Full-Text | Flocculation and Settlement,The results show that the best addition amount of the AZ9020 anionic flocculant was 30 g/t, a solution concentration of 0.3%, and a stirring time of more than 45 min. The floc structure of the full-tailings flocculation solution was formed by the AZ9020 anionic flocculant.
Flocculation Chemical Storage for Water Treatment - Poly Processing
This process of bringing the particles together is called flocculation. After the floc forms, it can be separated, which leaves you with clear water. This is known as coagulation. The chemicals that cause these particles to cling together and fall out of suspension are called coagulants, or flocculants.
water treatment - coagulation-flocculation typical reagents,When used in conjunction with a mineral coagulant, the anionic flocculant tends to be the best option. When the only requirement is the removal of suspended solids, a synthetic flocculant can be used on its own. sludge dewatering. Cationic flocculants are usually suitable for organic sludge processing. Mineral type sludge requires anionic ...
Production and Characterization of a Bioflocculant from Pichia
A variety of flocculants have been used to aggregate colloidal substances. However, recently, owing to the adverse effects and high costs of conventional flocculants, natural flocculants such as microbial flocculants are gaining attention. The aim of the study was to produce and characterize a bioflocculant from Pichia kudriavzevii MH545928.1 and apply it in wastewater treatment. A mixture of ...
Flocculants: Selecting Polymers and Jar Testing Procedures,Flocculants are used to form large macroflocs which can be easily transported to the surface by the rising air bubbles and subsequently removed. As in the case of gravity clarifiers, the use of flocculants can increase throughput capacity (by increasing particle rise rate) and prevent suspended solids carrying through into the effluent.
Coagulation/flocculation in dewatering of sludge: A review
Various coagulants/flocculants used in sludge dewatering, including inorganic coagulants, organic synthetic and natural polymeric flocculants, and bioflocculants, are introduced in detail because coagulants/flocculants are the key in coagulation/flocculation.
Get PriceA review of flocculants as an efficient ...
An appropriate flocculant can significantly improve the dewatering ability of sewage sludge. In order to assess its effectiveness, the measurement of capillary suction time (CST) and the measurement of the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) of a cake are most often used ( Sawalha and Scholz, 2010 ).
Get PriceCoagulation/flocculation in dewatering of sludge: A review
Various coagulants/flocculants used in sludge dewatering, including inorganic coagulants, organic synthetic and natural polymeric flocculants, and bioflocculants, are introduced in detail because coagulants/flocculants are the key in coagulation/flocculation.
Get PriceEnhancing the dewaterability of the municipal sludge by
? The concept of treating waste with waste is cost-effective for sludge recuperation. ? The best conditioning combination is aluminum salt enhancer (2%) and sawdust (20%). ? The respective roles of flocculant and skeleton constructors were investigated. Keywords Municipal sludge Conditioning Flocculant Skeleton builder Mechanism 1. Introduction
Get PriceFlocculants: Selecting Polymers and Jar Testing Procedures
Flocculants are used to form large macroflocs which can be easily transported to the surface by the rising air bubbles and subsequently removed. As in the case of gravity clarifiers, the use of flocculants can increase throughput capacity (by increasing particle rise rate) and prevent suspended solids carrying through into the effluent.
Get PriceThe enhanced dewaterability of sludge by a starch-based
However, the sizes and D 2 s of sludge flocs had a contrary change trend with the increase of ATP doses after combined with St-CTA (Fig. 4).The addition of ATP made floc size smaller was possibly ...
Get PriceLiquid Solids Separation | Brenntag
Brennfloc flocculants improve clarification by gathering the fine coagulated particles (or pin floc), increasing floc size, and increasing these particles¡¯ settling or rise rates. Flocculation is the second step in clarification and can greatly improve the plant operation by speeding up separation and clarity.
Get PriceWater | Free Full-Text | Could Plant-Based Flocculants
Due its high water content, sewage sludge dewatering is not just a simple operation; rather, it is a challenging process and a costly management task. Its final handling is usually preceded by several dewatering steps, and among them is the conditioning process known as the flocculation stage, which is carried out using synthetic chemical reagents. Despite the abilities of these additives to ...
Get PricePolymer Flocculants
The water content of sludge cake after dewatering treatment is usually ca. 80 %, and the volume of sludge can be reduced to 1/10 the original volume of sludge. Polymer flocculants which are capable of reducing water content of sludge more than before are strongly requested in the treatment of dewatering sludge because of cost reduction.
Get PriceImprovements on activated sludge settling and flocculation
The activated sludge process is one of the major techniques for treating industrial wastewater 1.Even though most of the pollutants can be removed in the biological treatment process, there are ...
Get Price
|
Introduction to Solar Installation
Solar installation is the process of setting up solar panels in order to harness the power of the sun and convert it into electricity. This renewable energy source is becoming increasingly popular as people look for sustainable ways to power their homes and businesses.
Benefits of Solar Installation
There are numerous benefits to investing in solar installation. Not only does it help reduce your carbon footprint and lower your energy bills, but solar panels can also increase the value of your property and provide a reliable source of electricity even during power outages.
The Solar Installation Process
The solar installation process typically involves several key steps, including site evaluation, system design, permitting, installation, and connection to the grid. It's important to work with a qualified solar installer to ensure that your system is installed correctly and efficiently.
Choosing the Right Solar Panels
When it comes to solar installation, choosing the right solar panels is crucial. Consider factors such as efficiency, durability, warranty, and cost when selecting the best solar panels for your needs. Look for reputable solar panel manufacturers with a track record of quality and reliability.
Maintaining Your Solar Installation
Once your solar installation is complete, it's important to properly maintain your system to ensure optimal performance and longevity. Regular inspections, cleaning, and monitoring can help identify any issues early on and prevent costly repairs down the line.
Hashtags: #solarinstallation #renewableenergy #solarenergy #greenenergy #solarpanels
|
The importance of protein is underestimated by many people. Here it will be explained why protein is so important for our body and especially for people who are concerned with weight loss. You can also read here what the consequences of a protein deficiency can be.
Protein is the engine of our body
Our bodies are often described as the most complex and complicated machine in existence. Many essential fuels are needed for this machine to function properly, such as water, many different vitamins, minerals and trace elements. However, many people seem to overlook a very important source of energy, protein . Protein is also very healthy and very important for anyone looking to lose weight.
The Role Of Protein In Our Body
Everything we are and everything we do relies on the power of protein. As you may remember from primary school, the amino acids in protein are the building blocks of life. Protein is essential for every cell in our body and consists of 22 amino acids. The proteins are stored in the muscles until they are used for various functions.
The Functions of Protein
- the construction and repair of tissue
- producing enzymes
- producing hormones
- it helps the blood distribute oxygen throughout our body
Scientists have determined that 10% to 35% of our daily calorie intake should come from protein. Although men generally need more protein than women, it is still an important nutrient for women, especially if they are trying to lose weight.
Protein and Weight Loss
What is the importance of protein in weight loss ? Protein is very important for anyone who wants to lose weight. Protein takes away the feeling of hunger, and who wouldn't want that during the period when you actively want to lose weight. When the body digests and absorbs the protein, a message is sent to the brain that you are satisfied. The brain then knows that you do not need more food at the moment, so you no longer feel hungry. By making sure you get enough good quality protein , you will eat less and lose weight.
Protein and Muscle Mass
Furthermore, protein will improve your metabolism by maintaining and even expanding your muscle mass. This extra muscle mass will allow you to burn more calories. If you do a few physical exercises a day, your metabolism will increase enormously and you will lose extra weight.
Protein and Blood Sugar Levels
Finally, protein is also very important for people with low blood sugar levels. Protein really does wonders for regulating your blood sugar levels. This will greatly reduce the desire for all snacks. This will make you less likely to reach for those unhealthy snacks and snacks, which in turn will cause you to consume fewer calories. This in turn has a positive effect on your goal of losing weight.
The Importance of Protein in Every Diet
In summary, we can safely say that protein is essential in the diet of everyone, but even more so for those who want to lose weight.
A deficiency of protein can lead to:
- decrease in muscle mass
- deterioration of the immune system
- a poorer functioning heart
- a poorly functioning respiratory system
Sufficient protein will ensure that your weight loss process will be much more pleasant. You will lose weight without having to endure the extreme feeling of hunger. You will improve your metabolism so you will also burn calories when you are inactive.
|
Choosing the Best Color Profile for Your Mac
In this article, we will discuss the importance of choosing the best color profile for your Mac computer. We will explore different color profiles and how they can impact your overall visual experience, especially when it comes to photography.
Why is choosing the right color profile important for photography?
When working with photography on your Mac, having the right color profile is essential to ensure accurate and consistent color representation in your images. Different color profiles have varying gamuts and color spaces, which can affect how your photos appear on your screen and when printed.
By selecting the appropriate color profile, you can maintain the integrity of your images and ensure they are displayed as intended, whether you are editing them in Photoshop or sharing them online.
What are some commonly used color profiles for Mac?
Some of the most commonly used color profiles for Mac include sRGB, Adobe RGB, and ProPhoto RGB. sRGB is widely used for web and digital media, while Adobe RGB offers a larger gamut suitable for printing. ProPhoto RGB has an even wider gamut and is preferred by professional photographers for its accuracy.
It is important to choose a color profile that best suits your specific photography needs and workflow. Consider the output of your images and whether they will be primarily viewed on screens or printed in high-quality formats.
How can I choose the best color profile for my Mac?
To choose the best color profile for your Mac, consider the intended use of your images and the devices on which they will be viewed. If you are primarily sharing your photos online, sRGB may be sufficient. For printing purposes, Adobe RGB or ProPhoto RGB may offer better color accuracy.
You can change your color profile in your Mac's System Preferences under Displays. Experiment with different profiles and compare how your images appear to find the best option for your photography work.
What are the benefits of calibrating your monitor for color accuracy?
Calibrating your monitor ensures that the colors displayed on your screen match the true colors of your images. This is especially important for photographers who rely on accurate color representation in their work. By calibrating your monitor, you can trust that the colors you see on screen are as close as possible to the original image.
There are various hardware and software tools available for monitor calibration, such as colorimeters and calibration software. Regularly calibrating your monitor can help maintain color consistency and improve the overall quality of your photography.
Choosing the best color profile for your Mac is crucial for ensuring accurate and consistent color representation in your photography work. By understanding the different color profiles available and their respective benefits, you can enhance the visual impact of your images and maintain their integrity across various platforms.
1. Can I use the same color profile for all my photography work?
It is recommended to select the appropriate color profile based on the specific requirements of each photography project. Different color profiles have unique gamuts and color spaces that may be better suited for certain types of images or output.
2. What if my monitor does not support advanced color profiles?
If your monitor does not support advanced color profiles, you can still choose a standard profile that provides adequate color accuracy for your photography work. Additionally, consider calibrating your monitor regularly to maintain color consistency.
3. How often should I calibrate my monitor for color accuracy?
It is recommended to calibrate your monitor at regular intervals, such as once a month, to ensure optimal color accuracy. Factors such as monitor age, usage, and environmental conditions can impact color representation, making regular calibration essential for photography work.
4. Can I use color profiles in conjunction with editing software like Photoshop?
Yes, color profiles can be used in conjunction with editing software like Photoshop to ensure consistent color representation across different devices. By selecting the appropriate color profile in your editing software, you can maintain color accuracy throughout the editing process.
5. Are there specific color profiles recommended for black and white photography?
While color profiles are typically associated with color photography, they can also impact the tonal range and contrast in black and white images. Consider experimenting with different color profiles to find the one that best enhances the black and white tones in your photography.
|
Saving money on groceries is crucial for many households. Whether you're on a tight budget or looking to maximize your savings, there are smart strategies you can employ without compromising the quality of your meals. Let's explore some effective ways to trim your grocery bill while still enjoying delicious and nutritious food.
Why saving on groceries is important
Managing expenses is key to financial stability. Groceries often make up a significant portion of household spending, so finding ways to save here can have a big impact on your overall budget.
Meal planning
Meal planning is a cornerstone of saving money on groceries. It not only helps you stick to a budget but also reduces food waste and ensures you have nutritious meals ready.
Benefits of meal planning
Meal planning allows you to:
- Save time: Plan meals in advance and streamline your grocery shopping.
- Reduce waste: Buy only what you need, minimizing unused ingredients.
- Eat healthier: Plan balanced meals with fresh ingredients.
Tips for effective meal planning
- Plan your meals weekly: Create a weekly menu to guide your grocery shopping.
- Use what you have: Incorporate ingredients you already have in your pantry or fridge.
- Batch cooking: Cook in batches and freeze portions for later use.
Shopping strategies
Implementing smart shopping strategies can further stretch your grocery budget.
Bulk buying
Buying in bulk can lead to significant savings, especially for non-perishable items.
Seasonal shopping strategies
Take advantage of seasonal sales and promotions to stock up on items at lower prices.
Couponing and discounts
Coupons and discounts can be powerful tools for saving money on groceries.
How to find coupons and discounts
Look for coupons in:
- Newspapers: Traditional coupons are still found in print.
- Online: Many websites offer digital coupons for grocery stores.
- Store apps: Download store apps for exclusive discounts.
Coupon stacking techniques
Combine manufacturer coupons with store discounts for maximum savings.
Store brands vs. name brands
Choosing between store brands and name brands can impact your grocery budget.
Pros and cons of store brands
- Pros: Often cheaper than name brands.
- Cons: Quality may vary; some items may not taste identical to name brands.
Factors to consider when choosing brands
Consider price, quality, and personal preferences when deciding between store brands and name brands.
Buy in bulk
Certain items are ideal for bulk purchases, offering long-term savings.
Types of items to buy in bulk
- Non-perishables: Rice, pasta, canned goods.
- Household items: Toilet paper, cleaning supplies.
- Frozen foods: Berries, vegetables.
How to store bulk purchases effectively
Use airtight containers and store items in a cool, dry place to maintain freshness.
Cooking at home
Cooking meals at home is not only cost-effective but also allows you to control ingredients and portions.
Cost savings of cooking at home
Homemade meals are generally cheaper than dining out and offer healthier options.
Quick and easy recipes for busy days
Explore one-pot meals, sheet pan dinners, and slow cooker recipes for convenient cooking.
Shop with a list
Creating a shopping list before heading to the store helps you stay focused and avoid impulse buys.
Importance of shopping with a list
A list keeps you on track, reduces overspending, and ensures you get everything you need.
Tips for creating an effective shopping list
- Plan meals: Base your list on planned meals for the week.
- Check inventory: Note items you already have to avoid duplicates.
- Stick to the list: Resist adding unnecessary items while shopping.
Compare prices
Utilize apps and websites to compare prices and find the best deals.
Using apps and websites for price comparison
Apps like PriceGrabber and websites like Google Shopping can help you find the lowest prices.
Avoiding impulse purchases
Impulse buying can derail your budget. Learn to identify and control impulse triggers.
Impulse buying triggers to watch for
- Sales: Tempting discounts on non-essential items.
- End-of-aisle displays: Eye-catching displays that encourage spontaneous purchases.
Techniques to curb impulse buying
- Set a budget: Allocate a specific amount for non-essential purchases.
- Wait it out: Give yourself a cooling-off period before buying non-planned items.
Seasonal and local produce
Opting for seasonal and local produce can save money and offer fresher options.
Benefits of buying seasonal and local
- Cost savings: Seasonal produce is often cheaper due to abundance.
- Freshness: Local produce is fresher and supports local farmers.
Tips for incorporating seasonal produce
Explore recipes that highlight seasonal ingredients for flavorful and budget-friendly meals.
Utilize loyalty programs
Many stores offer loyalty programs with rewards and discounts for regular customers.
Benefits of loyalty programs
Loyalty programs can:
- Earn rewards: Accumulate points for discounts or free items.
- Access exclusive deals: Get access to member-only discounts.
Strategies to maximize loyalty rewards
- Sign up: Enroll in loyalty programs at your favorite stores.
- Combine offers: Use loyalty rewards with other discounts for extra savings.
DIY options
Making certain items at home can save money and reduce reliance on store-bought products.
Homemade cleaning products
Create homemade cleaners using simple ingredients like vinegar, baking soda, and essential oils.
Repurposing items for multiple uses
Find creative ways to reuse containers, jars, and packaging to reduce waste.
Avoid convenience foods
While convenient, pre-packaged and processed foods can be costly and less healthy.
Health and cost implications
Homemade meals are generally healthier and more cost-effective than convenience foods.
Healthy alternatives to convenience foods
Prepare snacks like trail mix, yogurt parfaits, and veggie sticks for healthier alternatives.
Saving money on groceries is achievable with strategic planning and smart shopping habits. By implementing these tips, you can enjoy quality meals while staying within your budget.
How can I save money on groceries? Employ strategies like meal planning, buying in bulk, and utilizing coupons to save money on groceries.
Is it worth buying in bulk for a small household? Yes, buying certain items in bulk can still save money for small households, especially non-perishable goods.
How can I avoid impulse buying at the grocery store? Make a shopping list, stick to it, and avoid shopping when hungry or rushed to curb impulse buying.
Can I still eat healthy on a budget? Yes, opting for seasonal produce, cooking at home, and avoiding convenience foods can help you eat healthy on a budget.
What are some meal planning mistakes to avoid? Avoid overbuying perishable items, not using what you have on hand, and not considering dietary preferences when meal planning.
|
Form 1042-S
What Is IRS Form 1042-S?
In most cases, a non-citizen is subject to US tax on income from US sources. Form 1042-S, Foreign Person's US Source Income Subject to Withholding, is used to report amounts paid to foreign persons (including those presumed to be foreign) by a United States based institution or business. This applies to non-resident aliens, foreign partnerships, foreign corporations, foreign estates, and foreign trusts that are subject to income tax withholding.
The form reports amounts withheld under Chapter 3 or Chapter 4 and amounts that were withheld that were then repaid to the payee. Even if no amount has been deducted from the payment due to a treaty or taxation exception, Form 1042-S is used.
Each type of income received requires a separate 1042-S form. Some of the kinds of income reported include:
- Royalties
- Scholarships
- Dividends paid by American corporations
- Income from real estate
- Pension income
- Gambling winnings
- Normal income (in some cases)
- Interest on deposits
- Compensation for personal services performed in the US.
- Insurance premiums
For more information, see the Instructions for Form 1042-S from the IRS.
Fast, easy, and accurate payroll with BambooHR®.
Pay your US-based employees on time, every time.
Who Must File 1042-S?
Any withholding agent (a person or institution, such as an employer, university, or business) that paid any amount subject to withholding to a foreign person must submit a 1042-S. The 1042-S is filed with the IRS and a completed copy is also sent to the employee or business.
A separate Form 1042-S is required for:
- Each recipient (whether or not you withheld tax)
- Each tax rate of a specific type of income paid to the same recipient
- Each type of income paid to the same recipient
IRS Form 1042-S can be filed on paper or electronically. Electronic filing is required if there are 250 or more forms from the withholding agent.
Do I Need to Report 1042-S?
Sometimes a 1042-S is distributed for informational purposes, such as when mailed to resident aliens. In this case, it does not need to be included on your return. If the amounts in Box 7 (US Federal Tax Withheld) and Box 10 (Withholding Credit) of the form are both zero, then the 1042-S is just for informational purposes. Otherwise, it will need to be reported.
Tax laws can be complicated, especially for those who aren't residents of the US Consult with a tax professional for information and guidance on individual circumstances.
Ready to simplify your payroll run?
Who Typically Gets a 1042-S?
Those who are not residents of the United States but receive money from any US source, even passive sources like interest, should receive a 1042-S for each type of income. Foreign students, postdoctoral fellows at American universities, teachers, trainers, and employees who are non-resident aliens under a tax treaty can usually expect to use the 1042-S form.
What Is the Difference Between Form 1042 and 1042-S?
Form 1042, Annual Withholding Tax Return for US Source Income of Foreign Persons, is used to report tax withheld on the income of foreign persons. Therefore, Form 1042 is concerned with how much income will be withheld for tax purposes, and Form 1042-S is only concerned with payments made to foreign persons.
A withholding entity only needs to file a Form 1042 with the IRS, not with the employee. In addition, Form 1042 can be filed by itself, while Form 1042-S must always be filed together with Form 1042-T.
|
OpenAI is one of the leading organizations in the field of artificial intelligence, and its GPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer) models have been making waves in the AI community. From language generation to question-answering, OpenAI's GPT models have a wide range of applications and can greatly benefit custom AI development projects. However, to unlock their full potential, it's important to know how to train these models effectively.
In this blog, we'll take you step-by-step through the process of how to train OpenAI's GPT models, from data preparation to deployment. So, let's get started!
GPT models are a type of deep learning language model that uses transformer architecture to generate human-like text. The benefits of using OpenAI GPT models in development is that they are pre-trained on massive amounts of text data and can then be fine-tuned for specific tasks, such as question answering, sentiment analysis, and language translation.
Training OpenAI's GPT models can be a complex and time-consuming process, but it can also be incredibly rewarding. Here are the steps you need to follow to get started:
The first step in training a GPT model is to gather the data that you will use to fine-tune the model. This data should be specific to the task you want your model to perform, such as sentiment analysis or language translation. You can use publicly available datasets, or you can gather your own data through web scraping or other methods.
Once you have your data, the next step is to pre-process it. This includes cleaning the data, converting it into a format that can be used for training, and splitting it into training and validation sets.
The next step is to fine-tune the GPT model using your pre-processed data. You can use OpenAI's pre-trained GPT models as a starting point, and then fine-tune them for your specific task. Fine-tuning involves adjusting the model's parameters so that it performs better on your task.
Once you have fine-tuned your model, the next step is to evaluate it. You can do this by using it to make predictions on your validation set and comparing the predictions to the actual labels. This will give you a sense of how well your model is performing and what areas need improvement.
If your model's performance isn't quite where you want it to be, you can go back and make further adjustments to improve it. This may involve changing the model architecture, adjusting the training data, or adjusting the fine-tuning parameters.
However, if you don't have enough resources, you can use one of the pre-trained models available from OpenAI. You can check our blog examples of using OpenAI models. This post goes into detail on how we can use OpeaAI models and this will give you a good idea of the various models.
Not Sure How to Get Started With Training Openai's Gpt Models?
Get in touch with us. We have experienced AI developers who can develop AI-based solutions as per your business requirements.
There are several benefits to training OpenAI GPT models, including:
While fine-tuning OpenAI's GPT models has numerous benefits, it is important to consider the limitations and drawbacks. Some of the major disadvantages include:
Fine-tuning is a process where a pre-trained model is further trained on a specific task using additional data. The idea behind fine-tuning is to leverage the knowledge captured in a pre-trained model and fine-tune it on a smaller, task-specific dataset. This results in a more accurate model compared to training a model from scratch. In the case of OpenAI's GPT models, fine-tuning involves training the model on a smaller dataset specific to a task, such as question-answering, text classification, and so on.
Fine-tuning OpenAI's GPT models has a wide range of applications in various industries, some of which include:
Fine-tuning OpenAI's GPT models has numerous potential use cases and the possibilities are only limited by the data and resources available. By leveraging the knowledge learned from large amounts of general data, these models can be adapted to perform specific tasks with high accuracy and efficiency.
Once the OpenAI's GPT model has been fine-tuned for a specific task, it is ready for deployment in a production environment. There are several methods for deploying the model, including:
Regardless of the deployment method, it is important to consider the security and privacy implications of deploying AI models. The sensitive data used for training and the results produced by the models must be protected from unauthorized access and breaches.
Ready to Start Your Own Custom AI Development Project Using Openai's Gpt Models?
Get in touch with us. We can help you train AI models as per your business requirements.
The purpose of training OpenAI's GPT models is to fine-tune the model to perform specific tasks and to adapt it to specific datasets and use cases, thus unlocking its full potential.
Fine-tuning is the process of making small adjustments to a pre-trained model, whereas retraining is the process of training a model from scratch using new data.
The deployment stage in the training process of OpenAI's GPT models refers to the process of integrating the trained model into a production environment for use in real-world applications.
OpenAI's GPT models provide a powerful tool for organizations looking to leverage AI for various applications. Fine-tuning these models can lead to significant benefits, from improving customer service to streamlining healthcare processes. However, the process can be complex, and organizations should carefully consider their data and deployment requirements to ensure that they get the best results.
At Spaceo.ai, we are committed to helping organizations achieve their goals and maximize the potential of AI and OpenAI's GPT models. Our team of experts has extensive experience in AI development and can provide the guidance and support that organizations need to achieve their goals. Whether you're looking to fine-tune a GPT model for a specific task or deploy AI in your organization, we can help you every step of the way. Get in touch with us today to learn more about how we can help you harness the power of AI.
|
[Update on September 17, 2008: The register allocator now uses a simpler algorithm. It omits the backtracking (ToSpill and NoSpill) explained below.]
The most complex process in the MinCaml compiler is register allocation, which implements infinite number of variables by finite number of registers.
First, as a function calling convention, we assign arguments from the first register toward the last register. (The MinCaml Compiler does not support too many arguments that do not fit in registers. They must be handled by programmers, for example by using tuples.) We set return values to the first register. These are processed in RegAlloc.h which allocates registers in each top-level function.
After that, we allocate resisters in function bodies and main routine. RegAlloc.g takes an instruction sequence with a mapping regenv (from variables to registers) representing the current register assignment, and returns the instruction sequence after register allocation. The basic policy of register allocation is "to avoid registers on which live (still to be used) variables are assigned." The "variables still to be used" are calculated by SparcAsm.fv. However, when allocating registers in e1 of Let(x, e1, e2), not only e1 but also the "continuing" instruction sequence e2 must be taken into account for the calculation of the "variables to be used." For this reason, RegAlloc.g and RegAlloc.g', which allocates registers in expressions, also take the "still continuing " instruction sequence cont and use it in the calculation of live variables.
But we sometimes cannot allocate any register that is not live, since the number of variables is infinite while that of registers is not. In this case, we have to save the current value of some register to memory. This process is called register spilling. Unlike in imperative languages, the value of a variable in functional languages does not change after its definition. Therefore, it is better to save it as early as possible (if ever) in order to make the room.
Thus, when a variable x needs to be saved, RegAlloc.g returns a data type value ToSpill representing this need, and thereby goes back to the definition of x to insert a virtual instruction Save. In addition, since we want to remove x from the set of "live variables" at the point where x is spilled, we insert virtual instruction Forget to exclude x from the set of free variables. For this purpose, ToSpill keeps not only (the list of) spilled variables, but also the instruction sequence e in which Forget has been inserted. In this way, after saving x, we redo the register allocation against e.
Saving is necessary not only when resisters are spilled, but also when functions are called. MinCaml adopts the so-called caller-save convention, so every function call destroys the values of registers. Therefore, we need to save the values of all registers that are live at that point. This is why ToSpill holds the list of spilled variables.
When saving is unnecessary, we return the register-allocated instruction sequence e' (with new regenv) in the other data type value NoSpill.
A spilled variable will be used sooner or later, in which case RegAlloc.g' (the function that allocates registers in expressions) raises an exception because it cannot find the variable in regenv. This exception is handled in function RegAlloc.g'_and_restore, where virtual instruction Restore is inserted, which restores the value of a variable from the memory to a register.
When allocating registers, we not only "avoid live registers" but also try to "reduce unnecessary mov in the future." This is called register targeting or register coalescing. For example, if a variable being defined will be the second argument of a function call, we try to allocate it on the second register. For another example, we try to allocate a variable that will be returned as the result of a function on the first register. These are implemented in RegAlloc.target. For this purpose, RegAlloc.g and RegAlloc.g' also takes register dest where the result of computation will be set.
|
YAS MURALLA TV PROGRAMS, APPEARANCES & INTERVIEWS Yas Muralla Health of your liver and hepatitis BMs. Yas Muralla recently gave a lecture
sponsored by USANA about the importance of a
healthy liver, its functions and hepatitis B. Yas
Muralla explained that the liver holds
approximately 1 pint of your blood at any given
time and is the only organ in our body that can
regenerate. The liver is very important in our
digestive system as it produces bile which helps
carry away wastes and breakdown of fats. Among its
many functions, Yas Muralla emphasize that the
liver clears our blood of drugs and other
poisonous substances. It also resists infection
and aids in removing bacteria from the
bloodstream. Hence a healthy liver which acts as a
first line of defense is very important.
Copyright 2013
Yas Muralla. All Rights Reserved! |
|
Integrative medicine is a holistic approach to health care that combines conventional Western medicine with alternative therapies. It's proven particularly effective for managing chronic conditions, such as arthritis, diabetes, and heart disease, which benefit from a multifaceted treatment strategy. Additionally, it addresses gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and Crohn's disease, by integrating dietary changes with standard medical treatments. Mental health conditions like depression and anxiety are also well-suited for integrative approaches that may include counseling, mindfulness practices, and medication when appropriate.
Further beyond chronic and mental health conditions, integrative medicine can also play a pivotal role in pain management and rehabilitation. For individuals suffering from acute injury or post-surgical pain, therapies such as acupuncture, massage, and chiropractic care can provide relief and accelerate recovery. Integrative approaches aim to reduce patients' dependence on pharmaceutical painkillers, steering towards natural and less invasive treatments that enhance the body's innate healing processes.
|
Mining is an essential sector for financial progress in many African countries. However, the environmental impact of mining can be devastating, significantly when it comes to air quality. Poor air quality in mines and surrounding communities can result in severe well being problems such as respiratory ailments, cancer, and cardiovascular ailments. Therefore, monitoring air high quality is crucial for ensuring the protection of employees and communities in mining areas.
The mining trade in Africa isn't any stranger to air quality challenges. Dust generated during mining operations can comprise harmful substances similar to silica, asbestos, and heavy metals. When inhaled, these particles could cause lung ailments such as silicosis and asbestosis. Additionally, the use of explosives in mining can release nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) into the air, contributing to acid rain and respiratory issues.
To handle these challenges, many mining firms in Africa have implemented air high quality monitoring methods. These techniques use numerous instruments to measure the focus of pollution in the air, corresponding to particulate matter, NOx, SO2, and risky organic compounds (VOCs). Some mines have even installed real-time monitoring techniques that provide continuous data on air quality.
One example of a successful air quality-monitoring program is the Mine Dust Watch program in South Africa. This program, launched by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), provides real-time monitoring of particulate matter concentrations in mining areas. The program makes use of a network of sensors put in throughout mines and communities to measure mud levels and supply early warning of potential well being hazards. This system has been credited with decreasing mud levels and improving air high quality in mining communities.
Similarly, in Zambia, the Copperbelt Environment Project (CEP) has carried out an air quality-monitoring program in the Copperbelt Province. เกจวัดแรงดันแก๊สอาร์กอน uses a combination of fixed and mobile monitoring stations to measure levels of particulate matter, SO2, and NOx. The knowledge collected is used to inform policy choices and develop strategies to reduce air air pollution in the space.
Despite these efforts, there are still challenges to effective air quality monitoring in mining communities in Africa. One major problem is the dearth of sources and infrastructure, particularly in rural areas. In many cases, mining firms are responsible for implementing air quality monitoring programs, however they could lack the necessary assets and expertise. Additionally, there may be resistance from native communities and employees who could not trust the info collected by mining companies.
To tackle these challenges, there is a want for elevated collaboration between mining firms, authorities agencies, and native communities. This collaboration can help make sure that air quality monitoring applications are properly funded and carried out, and that data collected is clear and accessible to all stakeholders.
In conclusion, air high quality monitoring is essential for ensuring the health and safety of staff and communities in mining areas in Africa. While there are nonetheless challenges to efficient monitoring, there are numerous successful packages in place that may serve as fashions for future efforts. With elevated collaboration and investment, we will work in the course of a future where mining operations in Africa prioritize the health and well-being of the individuals living and dealing in these communities.
|
Data: The answer to overcoming impossible financial decisions
In this article, Simon discusses how education leaders don't have to face impossible financial decisions alone. Instead, they should harness data to get a complete, real-time picture of their trust or school in order to budget effectively and avoid sacrificing spend.
Across the education sector, financial pressures are severe, wide-ranging and in constant flux. From staff pay, to catering and estates management costs – budgets are increasingly hard to plan and review.
Adding even greater difficulty, recent demographic changes have resulted in falling pupil numbers in many areas, leading to a subsequent drop in funding. At the same time, pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) have increased significantly, reaching 1.5m in the UK.
With the cost of supporting SEND and high need pupils (47%), staff pay costs (60%) and infrastructure costs (46%) being the top challenges boards report facing when setting a balanced budget, there's no doubt leaders are faced with impossible decisions to make on where to cut costs. However, through harnessing data and taking full advantage of the resources a trust or school already has, MATs, SATs and local authority schools can budget effectively without having to sacrifice spend or support.
Weather the financial storm with data
There is real, growing concern over the provision for children with special educational needs after new figures revealed some SEND children had been without a school placement for more than a year. The shortage of SEND qualified teachers is exacerbating the struggles of the SEND system with rising need and years of underfunding.
When making difficult decisions on a budget, an accurate, real-time picture of the organisation and its needs is essential. To get this, MAT leaders and educators need one central platform which collates all of the data generated across a school and Trust in real-time. Critically, this Management Information System (MIS) needs to make it easy to interrogate all of the data so leaders can make better informed decisions.
One path to alleviate the pressure faced around SEND decisions is to better analyse where qualified teachers are placed across local communities and trusts. Armed with this data, leaders can redistribute vital staff to work across various sites – helping to plug gaps and get SEND students back to school.
MATs are uniquely positioned to weather the financial storm thanks to their General Annual Grant funding. Leaders should look at inventive ways to pool resources to help keep costs down, while still offering best-in-class services. Through better analysis of available data, funding can be distributed across Trusts, dependent on schools' specific needs, such as increased demand for SEND qualified teachers and support staff.
Equally, rather than purchasing individual utilities or technologies school-by-school, bulk purchasing can help keep costs down. And an added benefit is they will interoperate across the entire portfolio of sites, increasing security and efficiencies across the trust. Centralising systems like HR and payroll is another way costs can be kept down and processes simplified.
Take full advantage of existing resources
While SATs and local authority schools may not have the resources that MATs do to combat these financial challenges, they do have their own unique strengths which can be leveraged. Headteachers will have a thorough understanding of individual issues – such as those students who need SEND support – and so can work with staff on budgets accordingly.
Harnessing technology which centralises all data about the school in one place can provide educators with a clearer understanding of which assets are fully or only partly utilised. This can spark some thinking outside of the box which can help maximise income generation to help offset other more costly, but essential, areas of spend. Consider renting out halls for large-scale events such as exercise classes and even weddings. Some schools are even installing electric vehicle (EV) charging points in car parks and renting these out to members of the local community. Operating with far greater autonomy than MATs, SATs and local authority schools can be far more agile. This is a major strength and should be leaned on.
While the new academic year will undoubtedly present trust leaders and headteachers with tough financial decisions to make, there are ways to shield from the storm. Through harnessing data to make informed decisions, and taking full advantage of the assets they already have, leaders can plan budgets effectively so the life chances of every student can be improved.
By Simon Freeman, MD of Education at IRIS Software Group
FE News on the go…
Welcome to FE News on the go, the podcast that delivers exclusive articles from the world of further education straight to your ears.
We are experimenting with Artificial Intelligence to make our exclusive articles even more accessible while also automating the process for our team of project managers.
In each episode, our thought leaders and sector influencers will delve into the most pressing issues facing the FE sector, offering their insights and analysis on the latest news, trends, and developments.
|
Historical information
A meat grinder or mincer was used for mincing or fine chopping of raw or cooked meat, fish, vegetables or similar food. It replaced tools like a mincing knife.
Physical description
A small cast iron mincer with a wooden handle attached to the long cast iron handle. It can be screwed to a table or bench, secured tightly by a two pronged claws. It has a white enamel coated funnel at the top for the meat to be pushed into the mechanism which when the handle is turned operates the inner mechanism which forces the minced meat out through a side opening. The cast iron handle is curved.
Inscriptions & markings
'Loveload London 1'
|
California sums up what American Dream is all about.
Its wanderlust appeal and the endless surprises are enough to make everyone include this place on their bucket list of places they need to visit in the United States.
While its significant cities give you the most ideal and common vacation scenarios, California's suburbs are where its natural beauty shines.
One of its hidden gems is found in the small city of Arcata in Humboldt County.
It's one of those cities for people who want to escape the city stress because of its vibrant but tranquil atmosphere.
Arcata is a perfect destination for outdoor buffs, as it's near Redwood National State Park, and the city itself is nestled along the coastal area of Humboldt Bay.
Arcata is a true nature lover's haven since it pretty much has northern California's natural wonders.
Arcata has historical landmarks that tell you a story of its past, good food to eat, and warmly hospitable locals.
The city is 280 miles north of San Francisco through Highway 101.
It has a population of roughly 18,000 inhabitants.
So, here are the 15 best things to do in Arcata to give you an excellent what awaits you there:
Robert Mutch / Shutterstock.com
Spend your day in Arcata in its 307-acre protected nature reserve, the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary.
This spot is a must-visit place in Arcata City for birdwatching since thousands of migratory birds spend time on the marsh and its mudflats to feed themselves.
It would be great to bring a good camera to get a nice photo of some of the 300 species of birds that you can spot there.
Carolina K. Smith MD / Shutterstock.com
Plus, the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary's staff offer tours for those who want to learn more about marshes and their role in nature.
To visit this place, it is at Gearheart Marsh, Arcata, CA.
The Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary is open from 7 am to 8 pm.
The Arcata Theatre Lounge is witness to the city's history as it has served as one of its entertainment centers since 1937.
The Arcata Theatre Lounge is easily distinguished when you pass by because of its vintage-designed marquee vertical sign that lights up every sundown.
The building itself lets you travel back in time because of its vintage Art Deco design and elements.
To maintain its old beauty, the Arcata Theater Lounge underwent numerous renovations with its new owners.
Watch the latest movies at the Arcata Theatre Lounge or perhaps catch some classic films they regularly show.
To find out what the theatre is currently playing, visit its official website.
R. Alan Meyer / Shutterstock.com
Upon arriving in Arcata, treat yourself to a beautiful hike at the Arcata Community Forest.
The community forest is known for its lush vegetation and towering ancient redwood trees.
The Arcata Community Forest earned the title 'Model Forest,' a coveted award only given to 20 other forests for excellence in forestry.
Adurable Creations / Shutterstock.com
The entire community forest covers 790 acres of protected land and has a varying elevation of 250 feet to 1,010 feet.
The place is famous for outdoor activities such as hiking, mountain biking, jogging, and nature photography.
To visit this place, it is at 14th and Union St. in Arcata, California.
Outdoor activities are allowed from 7 am to 6 pm.
R. Alan Meyer / Shutterstock.com
Arcata Farmers' Market, organized by the North Coast Growers Association, is one of California's four certified farmers' markets.
Today, this farmers' market is also the longest-running farmers' market in California.
Arcata's farmers' market is run by around 70 farmers, with their best produce.
So, you're pretty much guaranteed to enjoy fresh local produce and food straight from the farmers in northern California and Arcata.
The farmers' market is also famous for its delicious food stalls, pastries, etc.
Arcata's farmers' market is open every Saturday morning to afternoon.
It is located at the city block of 8th and 9th streets in Arcata Plaza.
The owner, Pat Knittel, who grew up in the neighboring town of Eureka, naturally has a keen eye on soils, thanks to her father, who was a geologist.
She used that skill by starting her own winemaking company in 2000 by perfecting the French wine variety, Pinot Noir.
Since then, Knittel has produced fine wine and ciders from locally sourced grapes from Humboldt County's farmers.
Each year, Wrangletown Cider Company introduces new wines to their extensive collection, which gives not just locals but northern California more choices of fine wines.
Plus, they also serve exquisite bottles of dry cider from their winery.
Wrangletown's tasting room is at 955 I St, Arcata, CA.
They are open every Friday and Saturday from 2 pm to 7 pm.
Adbar, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Arcata might be a small city, but it boasts one of the most affordable higher-education programs in the country: the Humboldt State University.
The State University offers 48 majors, around a dozen graduate programs, along with other under-educational programs.
hakkun, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
The reason why you should visit Arcata is because of its laid-back atmosphere and beautiful campus buildings.
Plus, the university has several activities you can watch, such as sports, art exhibits, and other school-related activities.
To get to the Humboldt State University, it is at 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521.
Ajay Tallam, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Los Bagels is a one-of-a-kind bakery in northern California that emphasizes different cultures and traditions.
It proudly celebrates different multicultural holidays through its pastries and bread.
Their branch in Arcata is no different from the others, which serves freshly baked bagels and bread every day.
They are most known for their chorizo, empanadas, and other delicacies, which typical bakeries don't have.
Their signature toasted bagels topped with cream cheese and guacamole are something you shouldn't miss eating when going there.
To visit this bakery, head to 1061 I St, Arcata, CA.
They open from 7 am to 2 pm.
Arcata is also home to several places with historical backgrounds relevant to the city's past.
One of them is the Phillips House, seated at the corner of 7th and Union Streets in Arcata.
The house may not look too lavish, but it holds significance to Arcata's history.
This simple white house represented the typical farmhouse in the 19th century.
This type of house was the most common design in Arcata back in the day.
However, due to modernity, many of these houses have already adopted the innovation.
Thus, only very few remain, and one of them is the Phillips House.
The Phillips House was eventually converted into a mini-museum.
Today, it houses a comprehensive collection of housewares and artifacts that depict Arcata's locals' simple farm life back in the day.
There is a guided tour for those who want to visit the museum every weekend from 1 pm to 4 pm.
Jeffrey Schwartz / Shutterstock.com
A redwood tree forest reserve is found within Arcata City.
Redwood Park is a famous picnic area in the 790-acre Arcata Community Forest.
It is a must-visit place if you want to get a closer look at the majestic giant redwood trees, which are already thousands of years old.
Jeffrey Schwartz / Shutterstock.com
Don't forget to take tons of excellent photos while standing beside these giant trees to complete your Arcata City travel experience.
Plus, the park has a picnic area where you can relax, eat, and do outdoor activities such as hiking, horseback riding, and biking.
The Redwood Park is open from 6 am to 6 pm.
Jeffrey Schwartz / Shutterstock.com
If you're a baseball fan, you shouldn't miss the city's beloved baseball team's games, the Humboldt Crabs.
The Humboldt Crabs baseball team is a collegiate team that has competed every summer since 1945 at the Arcata Ballpark.
Visiting teams from around Humboldt County and even Southern California come to visit Arcata Ballpark to play baseball.
Every Crabs game packs the ballpark with locals to watch their home team score a home run.
It's a highly-recommended thing to do in Arcata to rub elbows with the city's locals.
Although the Crabs only play baseball every summer, you can still visit the Arcata Ballpark for some pictures.
To get to the ballpark, head to 888 F St, Arcata, CA.
Kebab Café at 5000 Valley W Blvd Ste 19 serves the best Mediterranean food in Arcata City.
The small restaurant serves mouthwatering kebabs, gyros, falafel, and other Mediterranean cuisine cooked and prepared the authentic way.
Born in Cyprus Island, the owner brought his delicious heritage to the United States through his restaurant, becoming a local favorite.
If you're hungry in Arcata, head to Kebab Café to satisfy your kebab cravings.
Kebab Café is open daily from 11 am to 8 pm, except on Sunday.
BlossomCreativeCo / Shutterstock.com
Don't forget to visit and stroll around Mad River Beach County Park, one of Arcata's top attractions.
The entire County Park consists of two natural attractions, the Mad River and the beachfront.
The Mad River is perfect for water activities, such as boating, kayaking, and canoeing, since it has a boat ramp, boat rentals, and a convenient parking lot on the side.
Meanwhile, the beachfront is perfect for breathing the fresh air from the Pacific Ocean's Sea breeze.
It is also perfect for relaxing long walks.
The sunset and the view of the Pacific Ocean offer you a breathtaking view of nature.
The Mad River Beach County Park is at 1 Mad River Rd, Arcata, CA.
Outdoor activities are allowed from 5 am to 11:45 pm.
A barren and desert-like land that you'll only see in the Middle East lies on the outskirts of Arcata called the Ma-le'l Dunes.
These dunes are one of the unique attractions near Arcata that you shouldn't miss visiting.
The Ma-le'l Dunes' jurisdiction is divided into two authorities.
One is the Ma-le'l Dunes Cooperative Management Area for the southern portion of the area in Arcata City.
The Ma-le'l Dunes is a national natural landmark covering 160 acres of sandy barren land adjacent to the Pacific coast.
This natural attraction is also a nature reserve and is part of the Humboldt Bay National Wildlife Refuge.
FYC / Shutterstock.com
The Clam Beach is found in the city of McKinleyville, a 10-minute drive up north from Arcata City.
The beach is named for being abundant in razor clams, which you can easily dig with your bare hands on the sand.
This beach park is well-known by locals as the perfect place for long walks.
FYC / Shutterstock.com
But it also has a camping site for both backpackers and those who brought their recreational vehicle (RV).
This place is also known for its beautiful scenic backdrop of the Pacific Ocean, which has a lovely sunset every afternoon.
It has nearby nature trails in Hammond Coastal, Little River State Beach, and Mad River, all nice for hiking and other outdoor activities.
FYC / Shutterstock.com
To visit the Clam Beach County Park, head to Clam Beach Dr, McKinleyville, CA.
Clam Beach County Park is open from 5 am to 11:45 pm.
calimedia / Shutterstock.com
An 11-minute drive south of Arcata takes you to the charming town of Eureka, which boasts a premier shopping and dining center called "Old Town Eureka."
This district in Eureka houses around a hundred Victorian buildings that serve as shops, restaurants, and art exhibits.
The Old Town Eureka covers the town's first, second, and third streets between B and M.
Daniel Lane Nelson / Shutterstock.com
Arcata's attractions prove that far-flung suburbs in the United States have a lot to offer for those willing to explore there.
Its museums and its promising college community make the city lively without spoiling its peaceful vibes.
Meanwhile, Arcata's nature reserves and forests make it the perfect destination for outdoor adventure.
This small city virtually has it all for a nice short vacation.
Things to Do in McKinleyville, CA
© All rights reserved.
|
15 Spellbinding Spain Crafts for Kids
These colorful Spain crafts for kids are perfect for the National Day of Spain on October 12th! Let's celebrate Spain's wildlife, dance & yes, football!
What's common between singer Enrique Iglesias, actor Penelope Cruz, artist Pablo Picasso and tennis player Rafael Nadal?
You guessed it – they're all Spaniards!
When people think about Spain, they often think of lovely beaches, great food and lots of lively dance and music. While all these are true, there are many more interesting things about this country that you may not know.
5 Fun Facts about Spain
- Spain is the second most visited country in the world – tourists are double the residents!
- This is the only European country that has a physical border with Africa
- Spain is the country with the most olive trees on the planet
- The world's oldest restaurant, El Restaurante Botín, is in Spain
- Spanish is the second most spoken native language in the world
As we head into October, we are nearing the National Day of Spain, observed on the 12th of October every year. Also known as Fiesta Nacional de España or Día de la Hispanidad, this is an occasion to celebrate everything Spanish, including culture, history and achievements. Let's join in the celebrations with some beautiful Spain crafts for kids!
15 Spellbinding Spain Crafts for Kids
1. Sagrada Familia Paper Model
It's no wonder that Spain is such a popular tourist destination – it has 47 UNESCO World Heritage Sites! One such site is the Basílica i Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família, known as the Sagrada Família in short. This cathedral has been under construction for over 130 years! Canon Creative Park gives us a printable to make a model of this monument – which won't take a century to build!
2. Bullfight Sun Catcher
You can't help but think of bulls and bullfights when you think of Spain, especially since it is the country's national animal! My Daughters and Me celebrates both the national animal and the colors of Spain in this easy bull sun catcher craft, that's easy enough for young kids!
3. Flamenco Dance Paper Fan
One of the world's most popular dances, the flamenco, was born in Spain, in Sevilla and Cádiz. The dance has its own built-in music with clapping and heel-tapping. The hand-clapping is known as palmas, and is done in a certain rhythm. High heels are essential for the dance, and they often have some nails in them to create a lovely tapping sound! Create your own flamenco hand accessory with this craft from Uplifting Mayhem.
4. La Tomatina Paper Craft
Who hasn't seen those visuals of the La Tomatina festival and wished they could just jump in? It is believed that the festival started in 1945 when a man began throwing tomatoes at his friends and strangers joined in. There are strict rules for the festival, like not throwing anything other than squashed tomatoes. For now, let's keep the tomatoes in the fridge and make a paper version like this one from Interseccions!
5. Free Spain Coloring Pages
Did you know that the Spanish National Anthem has no words? Yes, it's true! The anthem is called 'Marche Real', and is one of the oldest national anthems in the world. Learn more about similar fun facts with these Spain crafts for kids, including coloring pages from Free Homeschool Deals.
6. Doce Uvas – Spanish New Year Craft
Every country has its own New Year traditions, and in Spain, it's got something to do with grapes! On New Year's Eve, people eat one grape for each stroke of the midnight bell, representing a blessing for each month of the new year. It can get quite messy, and is a lot of fun! If you don't have grapes to munch on right now, you can still enjoy this activity from Teachers Pay Teachers.
7. Spanish Matador Paper Doll Craft
You can't have a list of Spain crafts for kids without mentioning bull fighters! Spanish bullfighting is something that is unique to the nation, and it is called Corrida de toros. Once a fight to the death, today it is more of a ritual – thankfully! The bullfighters are called Toreros and their leader is the matador, who carries a red cape called the muleta. Make your own matador with this craft from DLTK, with the red cape and all!
8. Flamenco Dancer Clothespin Doll
Flamenco makes another appearance in this list of Spain crafts for kids, with this clothespin doll from Mommy Maleta! The flamenco dancer's outfit is called Traje de Flamenca and it is designed to enhance the beauty of a woman. It is believed to have originated from Spanish gypsies and includes bright and contrasting colors.
9. Spanish Castanets Craft
Most Spanish dances include some way for the dancers to create their own music, and castanets are an example. It is made of two concave pieces connected at a hinge with a cord. Dancers attach castanets to each thumb and create rhythmic sounds. While castanets are usually made of hardwood or ivory, you can make yours out of paper plates, with this craft from First Palette!
10. Spanish Bull Chalk Art
Bullfighting isn't the only bull-related activity in Spain; there's also the bull run! The most famous bull run is the encierro, held during the Sanfermines festival in Pamplona. It involves six or more bulls that are let loose, and chasing people through the town! Find out more about the festival as you make this craft from Firefly's Kindergarten.
11. Free Spain Flag Coloring Pages
You can't have a list of Spain crafts for kids without mentioning the national flag! Kids Activities Blog brings us a printable that you can color in, with red and yellow stripes. The yellow stripe is twice the size of each red stripe, and this pattern is known as a Spanish fess. The coat of arms features shields of old Spanish kingdoms and a crown to honor the current monarchy.
12. Día de los Reyes Magos Paper Crowns
Spain celebrates common occasions a little differently from other countries. For instance, Spain doesn't have a tooth fairy – they have a tooth mouse! Also, Santa Claus is called Papá Noel, and he isn't the highlight of Christmas celebrations in Spain. Spaniards are quite serious about the 12 days of Christmas and the Epiphay, also called Día de los Reyes Magos. Learn more about this holiday with these King's crown templates that honor the Wise Men and their gifts of gold, incense, and myrrh.
13. Spain Football Team Logo Drawing Tutorial
Football is a huge deal in Spain, and it is the most popular sport. Spain has some of the most famous football teams, like Real Madrid, FC Barcelona and Seville FC. The national team is also quite successful – it is the first European team to win a FIFA World Cup held outside of Europe, and the only European country along with France to have won the triplete – the World Cup, the Euro Cup and the Nations League. Celebrate this amazing team with a fun activity from Art for All!
14. Printable Lynx Craft
The lynx is a member of the cat family that doesn't get much attention, like tigers or lions – but these Spain crafts for kids should change that! There are 4 species of lynx, and the Spanish or Iberian lynx is considered the most endangered cat in the world. Some lynxes have a genetic abnormality that makes them blue, like the one in this craft from Learn Create Love!
15. Red Carnation Crepe Paper Flower
The red carnation is the national flower of Spain, as well as of Monaco and Slovenia. It is a gorgeous flower and represents love, admiration and good luck. Check out this video from ABC TV to learn how you can make your own pretty carnations out of crepe paper.
We hope these Spain crafts for kids have given you a little insight into the culture of this amazing country. Spain has quite a mix of cultures, owing to its geographical position – Catalan, African, Islamic and more!
There are also many famous people from Spain – artists like Salvador Dalí, Pablo Picasso and Joan Miró or writers like Miguel de Cervantes, author of Don Quixote, the first modern novel. Let these crafts be a starting point to learn more about the great country and its people!
|
Discover 50 remarkable trees around the world in this stunning atlas. From Australia's towering mountain ash, to New England's flaming maples, and Namibia's quirky-looking quiver tree, this spectacular coffee table book features lavish photography, tips to help identify each species in the wild, and expert insights on why each tree is so special.
Where is the best place to experience Japan's magnificent cherry blossom? What is the world's rarest tree and where can it be found? When is the ultimate time of year to visit California's canopy of giant redwoods? This incredible companion introduces forest fans to some of the most beautiful and unique tree species across the planet, all of which are profiled by eminent naturalists, who reveal each tree's history, its place in the local ecosystem, and the story behind its uniqueness. It's time to take a hike outside and enjoy the calming company of these awe-inspiring wonders.
Inside The Tree Atlas:
- 50 amazing trees from around the world presented in a large pictorial format
- Exquisite photography and bespoke illustrations to show off the natural splendour of each tree
- Knowledgeable sidebar to help you identify each species, packed with information about its leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds
- Practical tips on how to travel to see each tree plus sustainable modes of transport to get you there
- Featuring trees from: Africa and the Middle East; the Americas; Asia; Europe; and Oceania
- Expert authors including Matt Collins, head gardener of London's Garden Museum, offer fascinating insight into each tree's story
Come and explore our world's natural splendour with this outstanding compendium for anyone who has ever gazed at a tree in awe. This is the perfect gift for those looking to spend more time with nature, or for others who wish to indulge in a treasure-trove of trees from the comfort of their own home.
About Lonely Planet: Lonely Planet, a Red Ventures Company, is the world's number one travel guidebook brand. Providing both inspiring and trustworthy information for every kind of traveller since 1973, Lonely Planet reaches hundreds of millions of travellers each year online and in print and helps them unlock amazing experiences. Visit us at lonelyplanet.com and join our community of followers on Facebook (facebook.com/lonelyplanet), Twitter (@lonelyplanet), Instagram (instagram.com/lonelyplanet), and TikTok (@lonelyplanet).
|
Distinguish, differentiate, compare and explain what is the difference between Circuit Breaker and Isolator. Comparison and Differences.
Differences between Circuit Breaker and Isolator
S.No. | Basis of difference | Circuit Breaker | Isolator |
1 | Type of Device | Circuit Breaker is an On-load device, meaning it can operate when the supply is on and also when the supply is off. | Isolator also known as disconnector is an Off-load device, meaninig it can opearte only when the device is off. |
2 | Operation | It is operated automatically. | It is operated manually. |
3 | Action of device | It is an electronic device made by using MOSFET or BJT. | It is a mechanical device which acts as a switch. |
4 | Arc Requirement | The current is interrupted and hence heavy arc is produced. Arc quenching facility is provided. | No arcing during On-Off so no arc quenching provision. |
5 | Function | The circuit breaker is a device such as MCB or ACB which trips the entire system when there is any fault. It is often mounted to a PCB assembly for protection. | Isolator only cuts a portion of a substation when a fault occures. So, the other devices can operate without any interruption. |
6 | Withstand Capability | Has a high withstand capability at the onload condition. | Has low withstand capability. |
7 | Noise Factor | Create a large sound when operate. | Noise less working. |
8 | Cost | Costly. | Cheaper. |
Difference between Isolator vs Circuit Breaker
Circuit Breaker vs Isolator
Differences between Isolator vs Circuit Breaker
Image Credits: Freepik
|
Case Study 2 – Uni-President: Crisis Management Strategy Business Finance Assignment Help. Case Study 2 – Uni-President: Crisis Management Strategy Business Finance Assignment Help.
(/0x4*br />
Directions for Case Report and Discussion: Must have finished paper Friday Aug 14th 8 am Eastern Standard Time
- Think of you as a consultant brought to investigate the problem and provide recommendations.
- The report quality should mirror a briefing that you would submit to a senior officer in the company—state the problem/issue company is facing, factors that influence the situation, alternate solutions, impact of each alternative and your recommended solution with justification.
- Questions at the end of the case are provided to guide you thru the case. Do not submit the report in a Q & A format. Make sure to weave the responses to questions in the report.
Case Questions:
- With its product deletion strategy, Uni-President achieved more effective and efficient supplier management. But this strategy also may have restricted Uni-President's ability to meet the unique needs of specific consumer groups. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? If a product deletion strategy is a necessary strategic move, what is the best way to implement this strategy and minimize its disadvantages?
- Training and development can enhance staff knowledge and skills and reinforce the organizational culture. What other tactics could serve similar purposes? What kind of organizational culture should Uni-President build?
- Communicating with various target audiences during a crisis is crucial, and it must be done in an efficient and effective manner. How can companies make sure they communicate a coherent message to their target audiences?
- As a key player in the Taiwanese food manufacturing industry, Uni-President developed an effective crisis management strategy. Can the lessons learnt in Uni-President's case transfer to crisis management in other sectors, such as professional services?
- Uni-President identified two key criteria to evaluate the risk potential of food ingredients. What other important criteria, beyond potential seriousness and likelihood of risk, may be used to evaluate the risk potential of raw material in other industries? Do these criteria apply in other manufacturing industries?
- Crisis management is crucial for most industries, yet the pursuit of an effective crisis management strategy may conflict with the pursuit of other organizational strategies. How should firm resolve this dilemma and achieve seemingly conflicting goals simultaneously?
- Uni-President identified key elements of its effective crisis management, such as the appropriate management of suppliers and evaluations of raw materials. These elements might not be as significant in other contexts. What conditions may amplify or hinder the impact of these elements?
Case Study 2 – Uni-President: Crisis Management Strategy Business Finance Assignment Help[supanova_question]
Need 350 words 2 references as main post and 150 words and 1 reference for fellow student APA–rp Engineering Assignment Help
RPWelcome to week 15 of your course. In this discussion question you have the opportunity to be creative and to relate what you have learned to your professional lives. Please explore and critically think about some of the learning objectives and concepts presented in this course. Please effectively communicate how you would lead an organization (or a group of people within the organization) by applying the knowledge you have learned ethically and responsibly. Your discussion should also include innovative thinking, and information-technology aspects (such as the Internet, social-media, computers, and so forth) that may assist you in decisionmaking. You may frame your discussion around any functional component of business, and in any context; problem-solving, management, leadership, organizational behavior, and so forth.
Public Microeconmics: Welfare Stigma Economics Assignment Help
Consider an economy with two individuals, a poor individual whose income level is given by L>0 and a rich individual whose income level is given by H>L. Both consumers spend their income on a single consumption good (the price of which is normalized to unity) and share the same preferences given by u(c)=c1/2, where c denotes consumption. The government considers implementing a poverty alleviation policy which guarantees a minimum level of consumption of M, where L<M<H, for all individuals at the minimal cost.
1) Suppose first that the government can distinguish between the two individuals. Characterize the optimal individualized transfers set by the government (individualized transfers are denoted by {Note:Tj is T with lower j } Tj ; j=L, H,and are assumed to be nonnegative).
2) Suppose alternatively that the government is unable to distinguish between the two individuals and is hence offering both of them an identical transfer, denoted by T. Formulate the government optimization problem and calculate the optimal universal transfer level and the total government expenditure on the welfare program.
3) Now suppose that c is hot soup (measured in bowls). The government is considering opening a soup kitchen which will provide soup free of charge to all interested individuals. Eating in a soup kitchen entails some stigma costs. Suppose that the utility derived by an individual who eats in a soup kitchen and whose total consumption level is c is given by u(c,s)=c1/2-s (Note:C1/2 means Square root C), where s>0 denotes the stigma cost (entailed by eating in the soup kitchen). A senior economist interviewed for a talk show argued that the whole concept of opening a soup kitchen is flawed and will not save on government expenditure, as both types of agents incur identical stigma costs. Discuss the merits of this argument.
4) Denote by T>0, the number of bowls offered by the soup kitchen. Show that the benefit from eating in a soup kitchen is decreasing with respect to the individual's level of income (Hint: consider an individual with an income level y, express the benefit, defined as the difference in utility b/w having or not having lunch in the soup kitchen, as a function of y, and show that this function is decreasing in y).
5) Formulate the government constrained optimization problem. You should properly define the objective function, the poverty alleviation constraint and two incentive compatibility constraints.
6) Suppose that H=100, L=36, M=80 and s=5/2. Show that the optimal number of soup bowls served by the soup kitchen would be given by T=44. Further show that the soup kitchen is welfare-superior to the universal transfer system (Hint: what would be the FB solution?)
7) Characterize a threshold level of stigma, above which opening a soup kitchen is welfare detrimental. Explain the underlying economic rationale.
Remark: Intermediate Public Economics, Jean Hindricds and Gareth Myles, MIT Press, 2006 (Main Textbook)
Guidline to the Assignment:(The guidline is from my professor, hope this can help you better understand the assignment)
The assignment focuses on the role of stigma as a welfare ordeal, which serves to separate b/w the low- and the high- skilled types, and thereby enhancing the target-efficiency of the welfare system. The setup is very similar to the one discussed in class, with one simplifying difference – income levels are fixed, that is there is no labor-leisure choice.
A poverty threshold (in consumption terms) is set and there is a well-defined screening issue (only the low-skilled fall below the threshold). In the first part, you are asked to characterize the FB allocation when the government can distinguish b/w the types.
The next step is one in which the government does not have the information but is relying on a universal system with a lump sum transfer accorded across the board. You need to specify the objective and the poverty alleviation constraints for the two individuals (notice that only one is relevant…).
We then turn to the main course, which in our case is a hot soup :-). Going to a soup kitchen is an embarrassing experience and entails some stigma costs (which are the same for the two types). Notice, however, that the marginal utility from consumption is diminishing…. A senior economist argues that the soup kitchen will not help in saving government's costs as both types incur identical stigma costs. Is this argument correct? In class, we have suggested two ways to screen b/w types – either imposing differential participation costs (like the case of workfare, due to the differences in earning capacities) or designing the system in a way which confers differential benefits from participation (like in the case of in-kind transfers, where we discussed wheelchair as an example that serves to separate b/w the truly disabled and the mimickers). Which one is relevant in our context? In part 4, you are required to show that indeed benefits differ and are lower for the high-income type (which is what we need for screening). Follow the hint to formalize this argument. This relies on the property of diminishing marginal utility. A hot soup is more valuable for individuals with a lower level of consumption! When you are starving, you don't care about the social stigma. You just need something to eat in order to survive! In part 5, you need to formulate the government constrained optimization problem. The structure of the problem is very similar to the workfare problem we have discussed in class. In the next part, we make specific parametric assumptions. You need to show that the soup kitchen is welfare superior to the universal transfer system. To show this it suffices to demonstrate that the soup kitchen supports the FB allocation (why?). Verify this!
Clearly the latter property depends on the magnitude of the stigma incurred. If the stigma is large enough, the government will need to offer a very generous transfer to induce the poor type to dine at the soup kitchen (to compensate for the entailed embarrassment). Like in the workfare program discussed in class there is a trade-off b/w take-up and targeting. You need to calculate a threshold of stigma costs, above which the universal system will prevail over the soup kitchen.
I need assistance writing 3 items. 1. Annotated bibliography, 2. Literature Review, 3. Research/argumentative paper with alphanumeric outline and worksited page. All MLA format. Humanities Assignment Help
Thesis should be along the lines of … Not enough is being done in the U.S. against child trafficking.
Annotated Bibliography – Alphabetical listing of 5 sources – 2 of which need to be from sites/non-profits National Center for Missing and Exploited Children and Coalition to Abolish Slavery & Trafficking. The remaining 3 can be peer reviewed articles, books, database reports, documentaries, etc. Your choice.
Literature Review – 2 pages, MLA format – Brief objective review of sources. Can report on trends, relationships, and gaps between sources. Need to compare and contrast at least 3 sources chosen. Should give an overview of what has been said, the prevailing theories and hypotheses, the questions that have been asked and answered, and the issues that are being clarified on the subject.
Research/Argumentative paper – Needs to be 6 to 8 pages. Must have in text citations from sources, must note the debate surrounding the topic around child sex trafficking, suggest solutions. Must use a minimum of 5 sources (selected in the annotated bibliography). Must be MLA Format 8, Work sited and with alphanumeric outline
Resume and Cover Letter/Personal Statement. Humanities Assignment Help
Assignment #3 (Part B): Resume and Cover Letter/Personal Statement. Due by the end of Week 5. You've done the research about your job/internship or graduate program, and now you know that you want to apply. The next step is refining your documents to make the best argument for your candidacy.
Whether you are going the Job or Grad Track, you will need to complete a resume. Your areas of focus will differ for each, as the Job Track will focus more on work experience and skills while the Grad Track will focus more on educational background and competency. Consider this when you are arranging the sections of your resume.
If you are going the Job Track, you must then write a one page cover letter that follows the best practices of cover letters you learned through the readings, the samples, and the lectures. I will grade meticulously on the Cover Letter, as it must be revised to perfection (in terms of grammar and mechanics) and it should follow the patterns set forth in the samples.
If you are going the Grad Track, you must write your first draft of the Personal Statement. I say "first draft" because this is a document that will be one of the toughest things you ever write. I will grade far more leniently on the Personal Statement because it is longer, more complex, and will require further work.
*This portion of the assignment is worth 120/150 total points, so take the necessary time to submit something you're proud of.
SUBMIT BOTH OF YOUR DOCUMENTS (Resume/Cover Letter or Resume/Personal Statement) IN A SINGLE .DOC OR .DOCX FILE! YOU CANNOT SUBMIT TWO SEPARATE FILES!
DO: Follow the samples; list all of your experience in reverse chronological order; make your contact information stand out; use white space to your advantage; find specific ways to describe the skills you've taken from jobs/experience; revise to avoid ANY errors; utilize text effects such as bold, italic, and underline to help guide your readers' eyes.
DON'T: Go onto a second page; write your skills as though they only apply to a single job; use too many words to make the page look disorganized; write in complete sentences; use too few words to make the page look bare; rely on vague, trite concepts that others will have (such as "hard worker," "organized," etc.).
DO: Single-space and skip a line between each paragraph; block the paragraphs rather than indent; include appropriate contact information; sign at the bottom; have clear, focused paragraphs (3 to 4 maximum) that follow the "formula" for good cover letters; give specific examples of your strengths rather than just listing abstract adjectives; revise carefully.
DON'T: Repeat your resume too much; ramble so that your paragraphs read too long; use superlatives to make yourself sound unrealistically good; apologize or admit to weaknesses that they don't need to know about.
DO: Stay on-prompt; follow Gotera's advice for devoting time to important elements; show them how seemingly "unoriginal" traits about you actually make you stand out; start and end with a narrative; research a professor or two and mention your shared interests; account for any gaps in your transcript that may need explanation; show confidence.
DON'T: Write the same thing every other applicant will write; assume that your honest experience isn't unique or good enough; say what you think the want to hear; focus too much on the negatives of your candidacy (in fact, apart from a brief mention of something you feel sticks out, avoid negativity altogether); make it sound like the statement could have been copy/pasted to another institution.
Resume must simply be a resume. You can use a template or just a Word document, but know that part of your grade is the aesthetic. Good looking resumes turn heads. Do not include references – they can ask for those if they need to.
Cover letter must follow cover letter format. It should have contact information at the top, a proper greeting, clearly defined block paragraphs, and a sign-off at the bottom.
Personal statement can be formatted however you find most appropriate. I prefer double-spaced, like an academic essay, for my grading. Be sure you have your name at the top.
English 201 Humanities Assignment Help
Drama Project: Please choose from one of the following options, and submit it through the turnitin link below these instructions.
Drama Project Option One:
Based on one of the plays we read in class, write a 2-3 page character analysis essay. The character analysis can be based on any character of your choosing. This analysis should be based on one specific character and the role that he or she plays in the literary work.
I would advise selecting a character that interests you. You will need to provide evidence from the play in order to support your claims about your chosen character.
You may NOT use any outside sources, other than the play. Any indication that an outside source was used will lead to a zero.
Here are a few hints in order to assist you in writing this analysis. You do not have to follow this exact outline; it serves as a guide to those who are in need.
Drama Project Option Two:
Choose one of the plays we've read in class, and rewrite the play by changing at least one element. Then, write a one page reflective essay on how changing one or more element(s) has an impact on the outcome of the play. When something is reinvented, it goes through a radical change. Be creative. Do not simply change the names of the characters. This project is worth 100 points, so I expect something quite remarkable.
Before you start answer this and send it to me this first
Part I, Post:
Ideas to explore in your post:
-ask questions
-identify the literary elements you want to change and the importance of making those changes
-identify the character you want to write about and why you want to choose the character
-explore the differences in the genre of drama, poetry and fiction in order to understand how the literary elements may apply differently to drama
-post a draft of your work for beginning feedback from your classmates
English 201 Humanities Assignment Help[supanova_question]
Simple Regression Data Analysis and Report Mathematics Assignment Help
The overall objective of this assignment is to use simple regression modeling and meta-analysis to find six good stand-alone predictors of SWB. The assignment details are as follows.
1. For each of your six OECD or WHR predictors, develop five single-year simple re- gression models on OECD or WHR data, selecting either the OECD variable "Life Satisfaction" or WHR variable "Life Ladder" as the dependent variable. That is, you could develop simple regressions on WHR data for each of the predictors of "Life Lad- der" for each year of data that you consider. We are using data from five separate years in order to obtain five models for each predictor for meta analysis.
2. Document your regression results in a table showing the model coefficient (b1), R2, p-value, and confidence interval of the slope.
3. Perform a meta analysis (using the "Single r" tab in the Excel-based ESCI Meta Analysis tool – available as a free download) of each predictor using the five year mod- els. Include the "synthesis forest plot, synthesized confidence interval, and associated p-value in your report for each predictor you study.
4. Use your results to select six predictors that you think are the "best," and moti- vate your choices. Discuss the requirements for regression (linearity, normality, ho- moskedasticity, and independence) for each and include scatterplots for each of the six predictors you select.
The assignment case is attached, as well as the OECD better life data. In order to successfully complete this assignment, you must:
- You are free to use any software to do the analysis, although it is strongly recommended you use Minitab 18 (on a Windows machine) or Minitab Express (on a Mac).
- Develop and defend at least one thesis. Clearly articulate your thesis and its primary support in the executive summary.
- Submit reports in Word format. Also submit your spreadsheet and/or Minitab files.
- Bring all practical considerations to bear. Develop reasonable assumptions and estimates where necessary.
- Write your cases in English prose (paragraphs and sentences). Create and appropriately label and reference tables for data and figures for charts.
- Write a maximum of 5 pages (everything included).
- Pick your battles wisely.
- No cover pages.
- Includes the following sections:
- Introduction
- Variables
- Meta-Analysis
- Regression Models and Discussion
- Conclusion
- Formatting Guidelines: 1-inch margins, single-spaced, 12 point font.
- Write a maximum of 5 pages (everything included).
Operational Excellence: Project work on Business Intelligence systems Computer Science Assignment Help
1. Title
Organizational information systems
2. Introduction
Main Topic: Business Intelligence systems (BI)
Your project must contain the following information aspects about your selected IS:
- Information System (IS) Definition and importance
- Characteristics and features of the chosen IS
- Functionalities: functions and business process support
- Limitations
- The impact of IS used on business strategy
- Provide a plan for evaluating the IS used in the organization (Use the techniques and models described in the Information Technology and Organizational Learning textbook).
- Define the current IT/IS dilemma in the organization.
- Determine whether there should be IT/IS replacement/outsourcing (Use the dimensions of organizational transformation)
- After Assessment of the IS, suggest improvements and developments in order to achieve either operational excellence, customer and supplier intimacy, cutting costs, or achieving competitive advantage.
For answering below tasks, students may either approach any organization within USA or conduct online research. Select any organizations (governmental, private, profit, nonprofit) within any industry (education, aviation, oil, trade, tourism, et.), and then target the selected information system and write about it by fulfilling the requirements below. (You may need to interview one or more of the personnel who is/are responsible of running the system or have deep knowledge about it and ask about some relating IS points as below).
- Introduction about the organization
- Vendor (IS provider), resources required and associated cost (if available)
- Information system users (departments and positions)
3. Deliverables
- At the end of your research, you are required to produce a report and,
- a Presentation/ poster about your selected topic (BIS)
Create a folder to hold all of your deliverables.
Please zip (compress) the folder containing all of the files.
4. Need a completed Peer Evaluation form.
music writing paper-02 Writing Assignment Help
Total word count at least 550
The topic I choose is : For my porject I will 1. my presentation will be based upon Beethoven.
2. Beethoven's styles of music creation were different at different times.
3. Sonata No.14 c-sharp Minor, "Quasi una fantasia" ("Moonlight")
Symphony No.5, Op.67 ("the fate")
Symphony No.9, Op.125 ("Choral") each period can represent the styles of Different periods of Beethoven.
The song I choose is Rapper's Delight and Positive Life by lovebug.
Need to pay attention on all these parts: Context Provided, Explanation of Elements.
Focus on these parts: 1. identify salient features of a musical composition, including elements of melody, harmony, timbre, rhythm, and form. 2. can place music within a wider historical, cultural, social and political context.
Discussion: Is It Worth It? / Assignment: Choosing an Alternative: Which Option Is Most Cost-Effective? Writing Assignment Help
*******Both Discussion and Assignment has to be on different pages. Please follow all instruction of both discussion and Assignment. Both has to be in APA 7 format. ******
Learning Resources
Required Readings
Penner, S. J. (2017). Economics and financial management for nurses and nurse leaders (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing.
- Chapter 9, "Comparing Costs and Benefits" (pp. 217–229)
- Chapter 10, "Writing a Business Plan" (pp. 249–259)
Pink, G. H., & Song, P. H. (2018) Gapenski's cases in healthcare finance (6th ed.). Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press.
- Case Study 5, "Shasta Family Practice (Cost-Benefit Analysis)"
- Excel Spreadsheet for Shasta Family Practice
Putra, L. D. (2008). How to calculate cost variances? [8 types]. Retrieved from http://accounting-financial-tax.com/2008/12/how-to…
Giffin, R. B., & Giffin, M. F. (n.d.). Cost-benefit analysis: A primer for community health workers. Retrieved February 4, 2019, from https://azprc.arizona.edu/sites/default/files/CHWt…
Document: Shasta Family Practice Spreadsheet (Excel)
Pink, G. H., & Song, P. H. (2018). Gapenski's cases in healthcare finance. Health Administration Press. Spreadsheet used with permission of Health Administration Press. This document is attached at the bottom
Discussion: Is It Worth It?
Healthcare managers need to have tools to create a financial analysis to justify programs, create new programs, and apply programs to patient services. You will review a case study for Shasta Outpatient Clinics and create a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). The Shasta Clinic leadership is trying to determine whether a staffing enhancement of a physician extender is needed in all three of their clinics or in only one or two of them. By applying the concepts of CEA, you will make a recommendation regarding the staffing change.
To Prepare:
- Review Chapter 9 of the Penner (2017) textbook, especially the section on CEAs
- Review Case Study 5, Shasta Family Practice in Pink and Song (2018). This case focuses on the use of physician extenders in three outpatient clinical settings.
- Select one of the three Shasta Outpatient Clinics to focus on for this Discussion. You must perform a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) to determine which type of extender, if any, would be appropriate for each practice. You will determine the financial impact and any qualitative improvements to patient care.
- Reflect on the results of your CEA for the physician extenders examined.
- Consider the financial impact of these extenders for the practice and reflect on qualitative improvements you might recommend to improve patient care.
By Day 4
Post a comprehensive response to the following:
- Provide a brief description of the Shasta Outpatient Clinic you selected.
- Briefly describe the results of your CEA for a physician extender.
- Highlight the primary and secondary patient benefits for the outpatient clinic site you selected based on the results of your CEA for a physician extender.
- Briefly explain the direct and indirect costs associated with the project or program. Are there costs that cannot be quantified? Are there any benefits that cannot be quantified? If so, describe what these costs are and explain why they cannot be quantified.
- As a decision-maker, how would you use the results of your CEA for this project? Be specific and provide at least two examples.
By Day 6
Respond to at least two of your colleagues by suggesting an additional cost or benefit that can or can't be quantified in this case. Consider the benefits to the patient with regard to quality of care, ease of getting an appointment, or other benefits that physician extenders may provide.
Submission and Grading Information
Grading Criteria
To access your rubric:
Week 5 Discussion Rubric
Post by Day 4 and Respond by Day 6
To participate in this Discussion:
Week 5 Discussion
Assignment: Choosing an Alternative: Which Option Is Most Cost-Effective?
Using the case study for Shasta Outpatient Clinics, you will create a cost-benefit analysis (CBA). The Shasta Clinic leadership is trying to determine whether a staffing enhancement of a physician extender is needed in all three of their clinics or in only one or two of them. By applying the concepts of CBA, you will make a recommendation and present it in a business plan that identifies your recommendation for the physician extender. You will assess fixed costs (FC), variable costs (VC), and total costs (TC). The Assignment will give you experience creating a business case that you can use as a healthcare manager to state your case with sound financial principles.
The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Business Plan and Excel Sheet)
To complete this Assignment, you will:
- Complete a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) using the Shasta Family Practice case study.
- Prepare a 1- to 2-page Business Plan that you will submit to the Shasta Vice President Dr. Rudy Mason that synthesizes your CBA results.
Please be aware that you will submit two files for this Assignment.
Part I. The CBA (1-page Excel spreadsheet)
- Download the Shasta Family Practice spreadsheet (in the Learning Resources)
- Using the data provided in the Shasta Family Practice case study, insert the fixed and variable costs associated with each physician extender alternative into the spreadsheet. The data will be entered into the cells shaded green. Do not enter data in the cells shaded in pink.
- The spreadsheet will automatically calculate annual costs. Once you have your cost results, you will be able to propose the physician extender plan that will provide the most cost benefit for the three outpatient clinics.
- Save your results in the Excel spreadsheet for submission.
Part II. Business Plan (2–3 pages)
In order to communicate your results, you will prepare a professional business plan for delivery to Dr. Rudy Mason, Vice President of the Shasta Family Practice. You will prepare a Business Plan that addresses the following:
- Explain the concept of using a physician extender and the two types of extenders.
- Provide a brief description of the services of each clinic.
- Identify the purpose and assumptions associated with a cost-benefit analysis (CBA)
- Share why a CBA was appropriate for determining the physician extender alternative.
- Identify the FC, VC, and TC for an Outpatient Surgery Center.
- Identify the FC, VC, and TC for an Internal Medicine Center.
- Identify the FC, VC, and TC for an Eldercare Clinic.
- Explain which physician extender alternative provides the most cost-benefit given the CBA results for each clinic.
- Explain and support your recommendations for assessing the clinical and financial outcomes.
- Make sure to follow APA guidelines for your business plan format and support your business plan with references.
By Day 7
Submit your Assignment by Day 7.
Submission and Grading Information
To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:
- Please save your Assignment using the naming convention "WK5Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)" as the name.
- Click the Week 5 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
- Click the Week 5 Assignment link. You will also be able to "View Rubric" for grading criteria from this area.
- Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as "WK5Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)" and click Open.
- If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
- Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.
Grading Criteria
To access your rubric:
Week 5 Assignment Rubric
Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity
To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:
Submit your Week 5 Assignment draft and review the originality report.
Submit Your Assignment by Day 7
To submit your Assignment:
Week 5 Assignment
|
Articulation disorders are characterized by sound substitutions and distortions of individual speech sounds, such as (wabbit instead of rabbit).
Children with phonological disorders exhibit difficulties identifying subtle differences in speech sounds. A phonological disorder can have a negative impact on literacy skills. Phonological disorders are predictable errored patterns in speech such as, fronting, stopping and final consonant deletion.
Known as CAS childhood apraxia of speech is a disorder in which the brain has difficulty coordinating oral motor movements to produce speech sounds, syllables, words, and phrases. It is important to begin CAS therapy where the child feels most successful and encourage the use of verbal approximations.
A fluency disorder disrupts speed, rhythm and flow of speech. People who clutter have an accelerated rate of speech and insert "uh", or deleting final consonants from words, a coexisting language impairment may also be present.
A receptive language disorder is absent of any hearing disorder, however the person with a receptive language disorder does not understand the semantic/syntactic rules of language and may respond in ways that are irrelevant to the conversation. An expressive language disorder is characterized by difficulty expressing language verbally and in written form.
A group of developmental disorders that may cause difficulties with communication, social and behavioral skills.
This is an impairment that impacts a person's ability to understand subtle social cues in language such as, (greetings, making requests, topic maintenance, attention and humor). A social skills/pragmatic language skills impairment, may lead to a person feeling isolated and have difficulty making and keeping friends.
Dysphagia can impact children and adults. Feeding disorders include difficulties with sucking, eating from a utensil, chewing and can be present in different stages of the swallow (oral phase, pharyngeal phase, esophageal phase. Feeding disorders may exist with a sensory component with the child/adult staying away from certain food textures, which can lead to poor nutrition/failure to thrive.
Voice disorders include hypernasality, hyponasality, hoarseness, and reduced loudness. Voice disorders can be caused by a number of underlying diagnoses in children and adults. We can provide treatment that includes a variety of techniques with focus on breath support , vocal hygiene and overall increased vocal quality.
Cognitive-linguistic impairments include difficulty with memory, problem solving and attention, which can hinder a person's ability to complete daily tasks. Aphasia impacts a person's ability to communicate and can lead to isolation.
We use cookies to analyze website traffic and optimize your website experience. By accepting our use of cookies, your data will be aggregated with all other user data.
|
Understanding Student Car Insurance
As a student, it's important to have car insurance that fits your budget. Many college students struggle to afford car insurance while balancing tuition, rent, and other expenses. However, with a little bit of research and some tips, you can save money on car insurance and get the coverage you need.
One important thing to understand about student car insurance is that it can be more expensive than insurance for older, more experienced drivers. This is because insurance companies see young drivers as a higher risk, as they are statistically more likely to get into accidents. However, there are ways to mitigate this risk and lower your premiums.
Factors Affecting Student Car Insurance Rates
There are several factors that insurance companies consider when calculating car insurance rates for students. These include:
- Age: Younger drivers, especially those under the age of 25, are typically charged higher rates.
- Driving history: If you have a history of accidents or traffic violations, you may be considered a higher risk.
- Location: Your zip code can affect your rates, as some areas have higher rates of accidents or auto theft.
- Type of car: Certain types of cars, such as sporty or luxury cars, can be more expensive to insure.
- Deductible: Choosing a higher deductible can lower your monthly premiums, but it also means you'll pay more out of pocket if you get into an accident.
How to Save Money on Student Car Insurance
While student car insurance can be expensive, there are several ways to save money on your premiums. Here are some tips:
- Shop around: Don't settle for the first quote you receive. Get quotes from several insurance companies and compare rates.
- Bundle your insurance: If you have renters or homeowners insurance, consider bundling your policies with the same company to get a discount on your car insurance.
- Take a defensive driving course: Some insurance companies offer discounts for drivers who take defensive driving courses.
- Drive a safe car: Cars with safety features such as airbags, anti-lock brakes, and backup cameras can be less expensive to insure.
- Get good grades: Many insurance companies offer discounts for students who maintain a high GPA.
The Bottom Line
Student car insurance can be expensive, but with a little bit of effort, you can find affordable coverage that fits your budget. Understanding the factors that affect your rates and taking steps to mitigate those risks can help you save money on car insurance. Don't forget to shop around and compare quotes before choosing an insurance company.
Factors Affecting Car Insurance Premiums for Students
As a student, your car insurance premiums will be higher than an adult with a good driving record and more driving experience. However, there are a few factors that can impact your car insurance premiums. In addition to driving history and age, here are a few additional factors that can affect car insurance premiums for students:
1. Type of Car: The type of car you drive can have a significant impact on your car insurance rate. Generally speaking, the more expensive or luxurious the car, the higher the insurance premiums. This is because the cost of repairing or replacing your vehicle will be higher, and insurance companies adjust their premiums accordingly to mitigate the risk. As a student, it may be tempting to go for a flashy or fast car, but keep in mind that this can significantly increase your insurance costs.
2. Location: Your location can also impact your car insurance premiums. Specifically, urban areas tend to have higher insurance costs than rural areas. This is due to the higher probability of accidents, theft, and vandalism in heavily populated areas. Additionally, the state you live in can also affect your insurance premiums. Each state has its own insurance laws and regulations, which can drive up costs in certain areas.
3. Credit Score: Believe it or not, your credit score can also play a role in your car insurance premiums. In some states, insurance companies are allowed to consider an individual's credit score when calculating premiums. This is because studies have shown that a person's credit score can be an indicator of their likelihood to file a claim. Therefore, if you have poor credit, you may end up paying more for car insurance as a student.
4. Driving Distance: How far you drive on a regular basis can also impact your car insurance premiums. If you have a long commute or frequently hit the road for long road trips, you may end up paying more for insurance than someone who mainly uses their car to run errands around town. This is because the more you drive, the higher the risk of getting into an accident, which can increase insurance costs.
5. Safety Features: Finally, having certain safety features on your car can lower your insurance premiums as a student. Features such as airbags, anti-lock brakes, and electronic stability control can all reduce the chances of getting into an accident or being injured in one. Therefore, insurance companies will offer lower premiums to drivers who have these features installed on their vehicle.
Overall, there are a number of factors that can affect your car insurance premiums as a student. While some of these factors may be out of your control, you can still take steps to lower your costs. This includes driving a safe, practical car, driving less frequently, and installing safety features on your car.
Shop Around for the Best Deal
If you are looking for the cheapest car insurance for students, shopping around is the most important step you can take. There are many insurance companies out there, each with its own pricing system and policies. Therefore, it is necessary to compare multiple quotes to find the best deal. By the way, the internet is an excellent tool for helping you find and compare different insurance quotes. Use online comparison sites to get quotes from multiple insurers and see how much you can save. Moreover, don't hesitate to call up insurance companies and ask for a quote. The more quotes you have, the better insight you will have into the different options available to you.
If you are a student, you may be eligible for special discounts on car insurance premiums. Your school or student association may have a partnership with insurance companies to offer students discounted rates. If so, do some research to find out what discounts may be available to you. Additionally, maintaining a high GPA and driver's education courses could also help you qualify for discounts.
When shopping for car insurance, it is important to understand how insurers set rates. Insurers will take into consideration factors like your age, driving history, type of vehicle, location, and credit score. So, be honest and accurate when providing these details because any false information could affect your coverage and premiums. Keep in mind that insurance companies often give lower rates to drivers who have a safe driving record, so be diligent on the road to maintain a good driving record to prevent accidents and tickets that could lead to higher premiums.
Remember that the cheapest option may not always be the best one for you. Consider factors like the coverage included in the policy and deductibles, the reputation of the insurance company, and its customer service. Cheaper policies may not necessarily cover everything you need, while more expensive policies could offer additional benefits that are worth the extra cost.
Finally, keep in mind that insurance rates change frequently, so it's a good idea to review your policy and compare quotes every six months or so to ensure you are getting the best deal.
Comparison of Affordable Car Insurance Policies for Students
For students who are looking for affordable car insurance policies, there are plenty of options to choose from. Here are some of the most popular and cheapest car insurance providers that cater to student drivers.
1. Geico
Geico is a popular car insurance provider that offers affordable policies for students without sacrificing coverage. It offers a wide range of discounts, including good student discounts and discounts for taking driver safety courses. Students can also opt for a usage-based plan that allows them to pay for insurance based on how they drive. Geico's customer service is also highly rated among its policyholders.
2. State Farm
State Farm is another affordable car insurance provider that caters to student drivers. It offers discounts for good grades, driver training, and safe driving. State Farm also has a mobile app that allows students to manage their policies from their smartphones and access their insurance card. State Farm's customer service is also highly rated and responsive.
3. Allstate
Allstate is a popular car insurance provider that offers affordable policies for students with good driving records. It offers discounts for good grades, multiple policies, and safe driving. Allstate also has a mobile app that tracks driving behavior and rewards safe drivers with discounts. Allstate's customer service is also highly rated among its policyholders.
4. Progressive
Progressive is known for its affordable rates and customizable policies that cater to individual needs. It offers discounts for being a good student, paying your policy in full, and taking driver safety courses. Progressive also has a usage-based program that allows students to pay for insurance based on their driving behavior. Its Snapshot program monitors driving habits, such as braking, speed, and mileage, and uses that data to determine insurance rates. Progressive's customer service is also known for being highly responsive and helpful.
5. Nationwide
Nationwide is another affordable car insurance provider that caters to student drivers with good driving records. Its discounts include good student discounts, safe driving discounts, and discounts for bundling policies. Nationwide's mobile app allows students to manage their policies, track their driving habits, and make claims on-the-go. Nationwide's customer service is also rated highly among its policyholders.
Choosing the right car insurance policy that offers the best coverage and rates can seem overwhelming, but with proper research, students can find the perfect provider to suit their needs. By comparing quotes and discounts across different providers, students can secure the cheapest and most affordable car insurance policy that also offers ample protection while on the road.
Benefits of Having Car Insurance for Student Drivers
Being a student driver comes with a lot of responsibilities: studying, getting good grades, attending classes on time, and in some cases, managing a part-time job. Adding to these responsibilities is the need to safely drive a car. As a student driver, owning a car and insuring it can lead to significant benefits, including:
1. Legal Requirement
First and foremost, having car insurance for student drivers is a legal requirement in most states. Driving without car insurance can make you liable for legal penalties and fines. By insuring your car, you not only comply with the law but also protect yourself financially in case of an accident.
2. Protection from Accidents
Car accidents can happen regardless of whether you are a good driver or not, and they can be expensive to manage. In the event of a collision, car insurance protects you from paying for damage from your pocket. Instead, your insurance company will cover the cost if you have adequate coverage.
3. Peace of Mind
Being a student comes with enough worries, such as exams, finances, and social life. With car insurance, you have one less thing to worry about. You can drive with peace of mind, knowing that your car insurance policy will cover the cost of damages in case of an accident.
4. Protection from Theft and Vandalism
Car theft and vandalism are pretty common, especially around school premises. Car insurance policies can include coverage for theft and vandalism, protecting your vehicle from theft-related or vandalism-related repairs costs.
5. Affordable Insurance Options for Student Drivers
Car insurance for student drivers can be expensive. However, that is not always the case. Many insurance providers offer affordable car insurance packages specifically tailored for student drivers. You can take advantage of these affordable packages by shopping around and comparing car insurance quotes from different insurance agencies.
It is also possible to get discounts or lower premiums on your car insurance if you maintain a good academic record, attend driving courses, or drive fewer miles each year. You can also consider increasing your car insurance deductible, which is the amount you pay out of pocket before your insurance coverage kicks in.
As a student driver, insuring your car comes with many benefits. It not only complies with state laws, but it also protects you from financial loss in case of an accident, theft, or vandalism. With the availability of affordable car insurance packages, insuring your vehicle is not as expensive as you might think. Be sure to explore your options and compare different insurance providers before settling on a car insurance package that best meets your needs and budget.
|
Previous systematic reviews have found a higher sero-prevalence of EBV antibodies in SLE patients compared with controls. Because many studies have been published, there is a need to apply more precise systematic review methods. We examined the association between EBV and SLE patients by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studies that examined the prevalence of EBV antibodies and the DNA-positive rate. We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from 1966 to 2018 with no language restrictions. The Mantel–Haenszel odds ratios (OR) for EBV antibody sero-positivity were calculated, and meta-analyses were conducted. Quality assessment was performed using a modified version of the Newcastle–Ottawa scale, and 33 studies were included. Most studies found a higher sero-prevalence of VCA IgG and EA IgG in SLE patients compared with controls. Meta-analysis demonstrated a significantly higher OR for sero-positivity to VCA IgG and EA IgG for SLE cases (2.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30–3.26, p = 0.002] and 7.70, [95% CI 4.64–12.76, p < 0.001], respectively). The overall OR for the DNA-positive rate for SLE patients compared with controls was 3.86 (95% CI 1.52–9.83, p = 0.005). Other antibodies, i.e., VCA IgA/IgM, EBNA IgA, and EA IgA/IgM, also demonstrated a significant difference between SLE patients and controls. These findings support previous systematic reviews; however, publication bias cannot be excluded. The methodological conduct of studies could be improved, particularly when selecting controls and analyses of laboratory conduct.
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease without clear pathogenesis. This disease is characterized by polyclonal B cell activation and altered T cell function with the presence of multiple autoantibodies and impaired cell-mediated immunity. It is believed that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to disease development [1]. Bacteria and virus infections are major important environmental factors that may be initiated and involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is of particular interest. It has been reported that Epstein–Barr nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) has a high degree of homology with some proteins that cause an autoimmune humoral response [2, 3]. This molecular mimicry may play an essential role in the induction of antibodies by EBV infection in SLE patients. Recently, Harley et al. [4] reported that nearly half of SLE risk loci are occupied by the EBNA-2 protein and many co-cluster with transcription factors, providing an essential new perspective on the mechanism of SLE pathogenesis.
The first positive association between EBV infection and SLE was found in 1971 [5]. Since then, many researchers have used various angles to investigate the possibility of this link. However, previous studies have failed to detect a consistent association. The first and only systematic review that updated on the association between SLE and sero-positivity for different EBV antibodies was that of Hanlon et al. [6]. These authors found a statistically significant higher sero-prevalence of viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG but not EBNA1 in cases compared with controls. Meta-analyses for early antigen (EA)/D IgG and VCA IgA also significantly demonstrated higher ORs in cases compared with controls.
Many studies have since been published and may help in more fully estimating the association. In addition, some authors postulated that the increase in antibodies in SLE was brought about by generalized immune hyper-reactivity in lupus rather than by any specific property of the EBV. It was later thought that the best way to clarify this question would be at the DNA level [7,8,9,10]. Therefore, we undertook this meta-analysis with a broader, more comprehensive search strategy with no language restriction including both the sero-prevalence of antibodies and the EBV DNA load.
We conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE (source: PubMed, January 1, 1966 to June 20, 2018) and EMBASE (January 1, 1974 to June 20, 2018) using text and keywords in combination as MeSH terms and text words (Additional file: Table S1). We searched articles published without language restrictions and scrutinized the references from these studies to identify other relevant studies.
Study selection
To minimize differences between studies, we imposed the following methodological restrictions for the inclusion criteria: (1) The study had to be a cohort or case–control study of recruited patients with an SLE diagnosis and controls with no SLE diagnosis (healthy or unhealthy). (2) Patients could be from any age group, and studies that assayed the EBV DNA genome using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and/or serum or antibodies (using any method) for any of the following EBV antigens: VCA, EA, EBNA-1, or 2. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) non-human studies. (2) Studies only measuring IgM antibodies. (3) Studies that reported serum antibodies without a specified antigen or an antigen without a specified antibody type.
Quality assessment
Because all of the included studies were non-randomized, we used the Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS) to access the quality of the studies [11], which was adapted to award two stars for blinded blood sample analysis, one star for conducting the analysis in a clinical laboratory (independent from the investigators), one star for specifying explicit laboratory cutoffs for sero-positivity, and one star for reporting the presence or absence of missing data.
Data analysis and statistical analysis
Two investigators (Li ZX and Zeng S) independently extracted data from eligible studies and reached a consensus for all items. For all studies, we extracted the following: the name of the first author, year of publication, country where the study was performed, number of patients, study population, gender category, selection criteria for control participants, methods for outcome assessment, and reported adjustments for potential confounders. The percent agreement between two authors on the review quality ranged from 85 to 100%.
The meta-analysis was performed by STATA 12.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX). We pooled estimated Mantel-Haenszel ORs from each study separately for each outcome using a random-effects meta-analysis. We evaluated the statistical heterogeneity of the ORs by calculating the Cochrane Q statistic (significance level: P ≤ 0.1) and the I2 statistic, applying the following interpretation for I2: < 50%, low heterogeneity, 50–75%, moderate heterogeneity, and > 75%, high heterogeneity [12]. The probability of publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of a funnel plot and Begg's test [13, 14]. If the funnel plot and Begg's test revealed asymmetry, we performed the Duval and Tweedie nonparametric "trim and fill" procedure to assess potential effects of publication bias [12]. This method considers the possibility of hypothetical "missing" studies that might exist, imputes their ORs, and recalculates a pooled OR that incorporates the hypothetical missing studies as though they exist. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression models were performed to investigate potential sources of between-study heterogeneity.
A total of 2000 references were retrieved using our initial search algorithm, and of these, 33 studies were ultimately included (Additional file: Figure S1). One study was in Turkish [15], one in Chinese [16], one in French [17], and the others were in English. All of the reports were case–control studies published between 1988 and 2018. There were two pediatric studies and 31 adult studies. The characteristics of the 33 eligible studies are listed in Table 1.
The features of the participants in the included studies are summarized in Table 1. There were 2814 cases and 4048 controls. The participants were almost all female with an average age of 37.5 years. The median sample sizes of the cases and controls were 85 and 123, respectively. Most of the studies specified using 1982 or 1997 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for SLE diagnoses (29 of 33 studies) for cases. The controls included healthy and non-healthy participants with the majority of the studies recruiting healthy controls. Only eight studies recruited samples from the general community. Most studies recruited hospital controls or did not state the source. There were four studies that recruited controls from patients' relatives.
VCA (IgG, IgA, and IgM)
There were 20 studies that assayed VCA IgG sero-prevalence. We divided the study of Parks et al. into two separate studies, i.e., African-Americans and whites, making the total number of studies 21. This group found that SLE and the sero-prevalence of EBV antibodies were strongly associated in African-Americans and modestly associated in whites, reflecting significant interaction of race. These studies included a total of 1795 cases and 2635 controls. The mean sero-prevalence of VCA IgG in the cases and controls was 95.0 and 90.8%, respectively. The pooled OR from these studies was 2.06 (95% CI 1.30–3.26, p = 0.002) (Fig. 1a). The heterogeneity between studies was significant (Q = 40.77, p = 0.004, I2 = 50.9%). Visual inspection of a Begg's funnel plot revealed asymmetry (p = 0.027). We further performed sensitivity analysis using the "trim and fill" procedure to assess the possible effects of publication bias, which involved using unpublished conservative studies to mirror the positive studies that caused plot asymmetry (Fig. 1b). The result demonstrated that no trimming was performed and the data were unchanged, suggesting that the association is not an artifact of unpublished negative studies.
There were six studies that measured VCA IgA, including Parks et al. These studies included a total of 431 cases and 431 controls. The overall percentage of those SLE positive with VCA IgA was higher than that for controls (45.0% and 21.3%, respectively). The pooled OR from these studies was 5.10 (95% CI 2.12–12.28, p < 0.001) (Additional file: Figure S2). The heterogeneity between the studies was also significant (Q = 18.91, p = 0.002, I2 = 73.6%). Because of the small number of included studies, a funnel plot was not created.
There were eight studies that measured VCA IgM, including Parks et al. These studies included a total of 665 cases and 648 controls. The overall percentage of those SLE positive with VCA IgM was higher than that for controls (21.1% and 8.3%, respectively). The pooled OR from these studies was 2.29 (95% CI 1.34–3.93, p = 0.003, I2 = 20.9%) (Additional file: Figure S3). A funnel plot was not created due to the small number of included studies.
EBNA (IgG, IgA)
We identified 19 studies that tested EBNA IgG sero-positivity, including data for 1572 SLE cases and 2270 controls. The mean sero-prevalence was slightly higher for the SLE group (90.2%) compared with that for controls (87.8%). The estimated pooled OR for EBNA IgG and SLE was 1.06 (95% CI 0.70–1.61, p = 0.787), suggesting no significant association between EBNA IgG and SLE (Fig. 2a). The heterogeneity between the studies was moderate (I2 = 52.9%). Visual inspection of a Begg's funnel plot revealed symmetry (p = 0.484) (Fig. 2b).
Only three studies, including 209 SLE cases and 762 controls, demonstrated EBNA IgA sero-positivity. The estimated pooled OR for EBNA IgA and SLE was 10.40 (95% CI 6.51–16.62, p < 0.0001) (Additional file: Figure S4). The heterogeneity between the studies was low (I2 = 0.0%). A funnel plot was not created due to the small number of included studies.
EA (IgG, IgA, and IgM)
Twelve studies have reported the sero-positivity of EA IgG between SLE cases and controls. The mean sero-positivity for EA IgG was 60.6% (594/981) for SLE patients and 33.0% (409/1241) for controls. The estimated pooled OR for EA IgG sero-positivity and SLE was 7.70 (95% CI 4.64–12.76, p < 0.001) (Fig. 3a). Heterogeneity was moderate (Q = 29.9, p = 0.002, I2 = 63.2%). Visual inspection of a Begg's funnel plot revealed a more symmetrical (p = 0.837) distribution of the studies, indicating that publication bias is less likely (Fig. 3b).
There were four studies that assayed the EA IgA sero-prevalence. The prevalence was extremely high in the SLE compared with control groups, 47.2% (91/193) and 4.3% (4/93), respectively. The estimated pooled OR was 16.06 (95% CI 5.99–43.04, p < 0.001) with low heterogeneity (Q = 1.09, p = 0.778, I2 = 0%) (Additional file: Figure S5).
There were three studies including 159 SLE cases and 71 controls that tested the EA IgM sero-prevalence. The estimated pooled OR was 4.21 (95% CI 2.11–8.40, p < 0.001), and heterogeneity was low (Q = 1.23, p = 0.540, I2 = 0%) (Additional file: Figure S6).
Ebv DNA
There were seven studies including 514 cases and 1086 controls that tested the EBV DNA-positive rate for the participants. The positive rate for DNA was 55.1% for the SLE group and 20.7% for the control group. Meta-analysis generated an overall OR of 3.864 (95% CI 1.518–9.830, p = 0.005) (Fig. 4). Heterogeneity was high with Q = 41.74 (p < 0.001) and I2 = 85.6%. Due to the small number of the studies, a funnel plot was not generated.
Subgroup analysis
To explore study heterogeneity, we performed subgroup analysis across a number of significant study characteristics. Age, sex, living place, diagnosis criteria for the cases, source of controls, and method for detecting antibodies were not a significant source of heterogeneity (Table 2). There was a trend that pediatric patients had higher ORs compared with adult patients, but there was no significant difference. According to some major studies, age was a significant confounding factor. We undertook an exploratory meta-regression analysis of the average age in each study. The results demonstrated that the average age significantly correlated with DNA positivity and SLE (p = 0.004) (Fig. 5).
Quality assessment
According to the modified NOS scale, the maximum score that could be achieved by a study was 12 stars. In our meta-analysis, the median score for all studies was five. The highest was rewarded by Parks et al. with nine stars. For selection criteria, only two studies did not specify a definition for the cases. However, only 6 of 33 recruited cases for consecutive or representative patients. Eight studies selected adequate controls from the community. For comparability criteria, 15 studies did not match cases and controls with confounders. Ten out of the remaining 18 studies matched for age and at least one additional factor. As for exposure, few studies reported the blinding of analyses or missing data. About half of the studies listed cutoffs for the assays.
To examine the influence of the quality of studies on ORs, we compared studies with higher NOS scores (equal to or above the median of the overall studies) to studies scoring below the median in a post hoc analysis. The ORs were higher for all EBV IgG and DNA outcomes in the higher scoring studies with the exception of EBNA IgG. However, there was no statically significant difference (Table 2).
Our review has again found an association between EBV sero-positivity and SLE based on VCA antibody (IgG, IgA, IgM), EBNA IgA, and EA antibody (IgG, IgA, IgM) testing. We did not observe evidence of differences in the sero-prevalence of EBNA IgG, which is indicative of latent infection. This analysis shows a significant association between the EBV DNA-positive rate and SLE (OR: 3.86, 95% CI 1.52–9.83, p = 0.005). Furthermore, meta-regression demonstrates that the average age of the participants negatively correlated with the association between DNA positivity and SLE (p = 0.004). To our knowledge, this systemic review is the first attempt to combine such estimates of the association between SLE and EBV DNA positivity.
Hanlon et al. [6] included 25 studies in their meta-analysis, but four of the studies did not specify the antigen for the tested antibody. Therefore, only 21 of these studies were used for analysis. In our review, 12 additional studies were added for analysis. In addition to increasing the total number of cases, the average sample size also increased. As a matter of fact, our results even more precisely verify Hanlon's findings.
There was considerable heterogeneity between studies, and we examined different factors that might have been influential. Although none of the subgroup analyses reached statistical significance. Slightly higher OR values were observed for the pediatric studies with a wide confidence interval (0.08–187.98) compared with adult studies. James et al. [8] found that EBV infection increases SLE risk by as much as 50-fold in children, while Tsai et al. [10] found no difference between SLE patients and healthy controls. This discrepancy may be due to the small number of pediatric studies (only two) or only chance.
We could not find any difference in the combined OR of the studies using more recent criteria (1997 ACR criteria for SLE) compared with older criteria (1982 ACR criteria for SLE) or failure to report criteria (which may reflect a lack of reporting). Studies matched for age, sex, or living place did not have different ORs for EBV IgG sero-positivity. Other potential vital confounders include ethnicity and socioeconomic status. We did not test the effects of controlling for these factors because few studies have specifically mentioned controlling for them. Parks et al. [29] reported a racial difference in the association between EBV IgA and SLE where African-Americans were more likely to have a history of EBV infection. Comparing the ORs of studies that used IFA to detect EBV antibodies vs. those that used ELISA revealed a similar result. However, Almohmeed et al. [45] demonstrated that using IFA to test VCA and EA IgG had twice the OR compared with ELISA for MS. Because there is a lack of detailed studies analyzing the two testing methods for SLE, we could not explain the discrepancy between these two autoimmune diseases. Other elements that may contribute to differences in estimates of ORs include the source and selection of patients and controls. Few studies have clearly described their methods for selecting cases (random or consecutive). Ideally, society would be the best source for controls. However, only eight studies have been deemed to have appropriate community controls [16, 18, 29, 33, 40,41,42, 44]. There were six studies that recruited bone marrow or blood donors [15, 17, 22, 28, 30, 31], which may be considered inappropriate community controls because such donors were selected with unhealthy risk behavior. There were four studies that recruited relatives of patients [8, 23, 35, 36], which are also inappropriate controls as relatives may share the same susceptible genetic factors as patients. Sixteen studies have recruited only seemingly healthy controls, and we observed that nine of these studies found no statistically significant higher EBV IgG sero-prevalence in cases compared with controls [19, 26,27,28,29, 34, 37, 41, 42].
The pooled OR for EBV DNA and SLE was 3.86, which is consistent with sero-antibody prevalence. Yu et al. [39] reported a high OR for an SLE patient that was significantly different from others because the controls had low positivity in serum samples. Although three of seven studies failed to find a significant difference in the DNA-positivity rate and SLE [9, 37, 44], and one found a high DNA load in SLE compared with controls [44]. The negative result may be due to chance or the small sizes of these studies. Yu et al. [39] reported that the EBV DNA-positive rate declines with age for controls but not for SLE patients. Although our subgroup analysis did not find a significant difference between age-matched and unmatched groups, meta-regression demonstrated that the OR for the DNA-positive rate declines with average age. This may be due to the fact that young SLE patients tend to be more infected by EBV, which is consistent with James et al. [8].
EBV subclinically infects a majority of individuals worldwide and generates multiple antibodies in the serum. The most common antibody is VCA IgG, which represents exposure to EBV and lasts lifelong. Our studies found that the overall prevalence of VCA IgG in SLE patients and controls was 95.0 and 90.8%, respectively, and the OR reached a significant difference. In addition, many studies have revealed a higher titer in SLE patients compared with controls [18, 23, 33,34,35]. Otherwise, the best way to specify the relationship between SLE and EBV infection is at the DNA level, which also had a higher OR in our study. A conclusion may be drawn that prior EBV infection is an essential factor for the development of SLE. Many studies had found that some humoral autoimmunity in SLE arises from molecular mimicry between EBNA-1 and lupus auto-antigens, which provide further evidence for suspecting an etiologic role for EBV in SLE. However, our study failed to find a higher prevalence of EBNA IgG in SLE patients, which is difficult to explain. Furthermore, a prospective study with a large sample size should be considered to solve this enigma. Antibodies directed against EA/D are generally known as an indication of lytic replication. The sero-prevalence of these antibodies is significantly higher for SLE patients, particularly for IgA, compared with controls, and the ORs also achieved statistical significance. The majority of the included studies have been consistent on this issue. Draborg et al. [33] thought that a possible mechanism for this phenomenon as a specific intrinsic defect in the immune systems of SLE patients is independent of immunosuppressive medication therapy.
The strengths of this meta-analysis include its comprehensive search strategy and absence of language restrictions; however, limitations must also be considered. First, the quality of individual studies was not always ideal, as demonstrated by a general lack of information on the recruitment of consecutive patients and selection controls for all studies. Second, there is heterogeneity in the ORs across studies, and subgroup analysis did not reveal the source. This heterogeneity may be derived from other confounders, such as ethnicity and laboratory measurements. Third, some of the funnel plot analyses showed asymmetry that suggested the possibility of publication bias. The trim and fill sensitivity analysis did not modify the general results, suggesting that association is not an artifact of unpublished negative studies. Nevertheless, that possibility is not entirely excluded by this method. Fourth, similar to all meta-analyses, our study has the limitation of being a retrospective analysis; thus, further prospective cohort studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
In conclusion, our review supports the hypothesis that prior EBV infection is an essential factor for the development of SLE as indicated by a higher positivity of VCA IgG and EBV DNA. These findings also suggest abnormal (EA, IgA, EBV DNA) humoral immune responses to EBV in the context of SLE. However, the studies included in our meta-analysis are heterogeneous and have small sample sizes. At the same time, many studies did not match for age and gender, only a few matched for race and other confounding factors, and descriptions of recruitment and laboratory testing were not specified in most of the papers. Moreover, the role of publication bias could not be excluded. Large prospective studies are needed to determine the relationship between SLE and infection before we could draw a causal relationship between the two.
Epstein–Barr virus
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Viral capsid antigen
Early antigen
Epstein–Barr nuclear antigen
Odds ratio
Newcastle–Ottawa scale
American College of Rheumatology
- PBMCs:
Blood mononuclear cells
Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay
Polymerase chain reaction
Indirect immunofluorescence assay
Munz C, Lunemann JD, Getts MT, Miller SD. Antiviral immune responses: triggers of or triggered by autoimmunity? Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9(4):246–58.
James JA, Scofield RH, Harley JB. Lupus humoral autoimmunity after short peptide immunization. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997;815:124–7.
McClain MT, Heinlen LD, Dennis GJ, Roebuck J, Harley JB, James JA. Early events in lupus humoral autoimmunity suggest initiation through molecular mimicry. Nat Med. 2005;11(1):85–9.
Harley JB, Chen X, Pujato M, et al. Transcription factors operate across disease loci, with EBNA2 implicated in autoimmunity. Nat Genet. 2018;50(5):699–707.
Evans AS, Rothfield NF, Niederman JC. Raised antibody titres to EB virus in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet. 1971;1(7691):167–8.
Hanlon P, Avenell A, Aucott L, Vickers MA. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the sero-epidemiological association between Epstein-Barr virus and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16(1):R3.
Incaprera M, Rindi L, Bazzichi A, Garzelli C. Potential role of the Epstein-Barr virus in systemic lupus erythematosus autoimmunity. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1998;16(3):289–94.
James JA, Kaufman KM, Farris AD, Taylor-Albert E, Lehman TJ, Harley JB. An increased prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus infection in young patients suggests a possible etiology for systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest. 1997;100(12):3019–26.
Lau CS, Yuen KY, Chan KH, Wong RW. Lack of evidence of active lytic replication of Epstein-Barr and cytomegaloviruses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Chin Med J (Engl). 1998;111(7):660–5.
Tsai YT, Chiang BL, Kao YF, Hsieh KH. Detection of Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus genome in white blood cells from patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and childhood systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1995;106(3):235–40.
Wells GA, Shea B, O'Connell D, et al. The Newcastle -Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality if nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. http://www.ohrica/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxfordasp 2011.
Higgins JPT, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2002;21(11):1539–58.
Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics. 1994;50(4):1088–101.
Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ. 1997;315(7109):629–34.
Us T, Cetin E, Kasifoglu N, Kasifoglu T, Akgun Y. Investigation of Epstein-Barr virus and herpes simplex virus markers by serological and molecular methods in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2011;45(4):677–83.
Zhang X, Li B, Liu Y, Jiang M. Clinical study on antibodies against EBV in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 1999;21(1):8–12.
Tazi I, Fehri S, Elghrari K, Ouazzani T, Benchemsi N. Systemic lupus erythematosus and Epstein-Barr virus. East Mediterr Health J. 2009;15(3):701–8.
Berkun Y, Zandman-Goddard G, Barzilai O, et al. Infectious antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus. 2009;18(13):1129–35.
Chen CJ, Lin KH, Lin SC, et al. High prevalence of immunoglobulin A antibody against Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen in adult patients with lupus with disease flare: case control studies. J Rheumatol. 2005;32(1):44–7.
Chen DY, Chen YM, Lan JL, et al. Polymyositis/dermatomyositis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: the Epstein-Barr virus connection? J Clin Virol. 2010;49(4):290–5.
Esen BA, Yilmaz G, Uzun S, et al. Serologic response to Epstein-Barr virus antigens in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a controlled study. Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(1):79–83.
Huggins ML, Todd I, Powell RJ. Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int. 2005;25(3):183–7.
James JA, Neas BR, Moser KL, et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in adults is associated with previous Epstein-Barr virus exposure. Arthritis Rheum. 2001;44(5):1122–6.
Kitagawa H, Iho S, Yokochi T, Hoshino T. Detection of antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigens in the sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunol Lett. 1988;17(3):249–52.
Lu JJ, Chen DY, Hsieh CW, Lan JL, Lin FJ, Lin SH. Association of Epstein-Barr virus infection with systemic lupus erythematosus in Taiwan. Lupus. 2007;16(3):168–75.
Marchini B, Dolcher MP, Sabbatini A, Klein G, Migliorini P. Immune response to different sequences of the EBNA I molecule in Epstein-Barr virus-related disorders and in autoimmune diseases. J Autoimmun. 1994;7(2):179–91.
Newkirk MM, Shiroky JB, Johnson N, et al. Rheumatic disease patients, prone to Sjogren's syndrome and/or lymphoma, mount an antibody response to BHRF1, the Epstein-Barr viral homologue of BCL-2. Br J Rheumatol. 1996;35(11):1075–81.
Ngou J, Segondy M. Immunoblotting reactivity of sera from patients with autoimmune connective tissue diseases against Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) polypeptides. Serodiagn Immunother Infect Dis. 1996;8(2):105–8.
Parks CG, Cooper GS, Hudson LL, et al. Association of Epstein-Barr virus with systemic lupus erythematosus: effect modification by race, age, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 genotype. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52(4):1148–59.
Stratta P, Canavese C, Ciccone G, et al. Correlation between cytomegalovirus infection and Raynaud's phenomenon in lupus nephritis. Nephron. 1999;82(2):145–54.
Westgeest AA, van Loon AM, van der Logt JT, van de Putte LB, Boerbooms AM. Antiperinuclear factor, a rheumatoid arthritis specific autoantibody: its relation to Epstein-Barr virus. J Rheumatol. 1989;16(5):626–30.
Yokochi T, Yanagawa A, Kimura Y, Mizushima Y. High titer of antibody to the Epstein-Barr virus membrane antigen in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 1989;16(8):1029–32.
Draborg AH, Jorgensen JM, Muller H, et al. Epstein-Barr virus early antigen diffuse (EBV-EA/D)-directed immunoglobulin A antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Scand J Rheumatol. 2012;41(4):280–9.
Chougule D, Nadkar M, Rajadhyaksha A, et al. Association of clinical and serological parameters of systemic lupus erythematosus patients with Epstein-Barr virus antibody profile. J Med Virol. 2018;90(3):559–63.
Csuka D, Simon D, Hobor R, et al. Serum concentration of immunoglobulin G-type antibodies against the whole Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 and its aa35-58 or aa398-404 fragments in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2013;171(3):255–62.
Vista ES, Weisman MH, Ishimori ML, et al. Strong viral associations with SLE among Filipinos. Lupus Sci Med. 2017;4(1):e000214.
Broccolo F, Drago F, Cassina G, et al. Selective reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 in patients with autoimmune connective tissue diseases. J Med Virol. 2013;85(11):1925–34.
Han L, Zhang Y, Wang Q, et al. Epstein-Barr virus infection and type I interferon signature in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961203317753069.
Yu SF, Wu HC, Tsai WC, et al. Detecting Epstein-Barr virus DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Taiwan. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2005;194(3):115–20.
Rasmussen NS, Draborg AH, Nielsen CT, Jacobsen S, Houen G. Antibodies to early EBV, CMV, and HHV6 antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Scand J Rheumatol. 2015;44(2):143–9.
Draborg AH, Jacobsen S, Westergaard M, et al. Reduced response to Epstein-Barr virus antigens by T-cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus Sci Med. 2014;1(1):e000015.
Draborg AH, Sandhu N, Larsen N, Lisander Larsen J, Jacobsen S, Houen G. Impaired cytokine responses to Epstein-Barr virus antigens in systemic lupus Erythematosus patients. J Immunol Res. 2016;2016:6473204.
Larsen M, Sauce D, Deback C, et al. Exhausted cytotoxic control of Epstein-Barr virus in human lupus. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(10):e1002328.
Moon UY, Park SJ, Oh ST, et al. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have abnormally elevated Epstein-Barr virus load in blood. Arthritis Res Ther. 2004;6(4):R295–302.
Almohmeed YH, Avenell A, Aucott L, Vickers MA. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the sero-epidemiological association between Epstein Barr virus and multiple sclerosis. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(4):e61110.
It provided financial support for submitting the paper for publication.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Ethical approval
All analyses were based on previous published studies; thus, no ethical approval is required.
Informed consent
All analyses were based on previous published studies; thus, no informed consent is required.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Li, ZX., Zeng, S., Wu, HX. et al. The risk of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with Epstein–Barr virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Med 19, 23–36 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-018-0535-0
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-018-0535-0
|
About Book
Noteworthy for the philosophical subtlety of its foundations and the elegance of its problem-solving methods, statistical mechanics can be employed in a broad range of applications among them, astrophysics, biology, chemistry, nuclear and solid state physics, communications engineering, metallurgy, and mathematics. Geared toward graduate students in physics, this text covers such important topics as stochastic processes and transport theory in order to provide students with a working knowledge of statistical mechanics.
To explain the fundamentals of his subject, the author uses the method of ensembles developed by J. Willard Gibbs. Topics include the properties of the Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein distributions; the interrelated subjects of fluctuations, thermal noise, and Brownian movement; and the thermodynamics of irreversible processes.
|
In an era where digital technology is seamlessly integrated into daily life, the healthcare industry has witnessed a pivotal shift with the advent of online doctor consultations. This mode of healthcare delivery, once a niche option, has rapidly ascended to prominence, catalyzed by global events like the COVID-19 pandemic which necessitated a reduction in face-to-face interactions. Today, virtual consultations represent not just a temporary solution but a permanent fixture in the evolving landscape of healthcare.
Online doctor consultations offer a convenient, accessible, and often cost-effective alternative to traditional in-office visits, enabling patients to receive medical advice, prescriptions, and follow-up care without leaving their homes. This transformative approach not only saves time and resources but also extends the reach of healthcare services to remote and underserved communities, democratizing access to medical care.
This article explores how online consultations are reshaping the interactions between patients and healthcare providers, enhancing patient engagement, and setting a new standard for what it means to receive medical care in the digital age. Whether you are a healthcare professional adapting to these changes or a patient navigating your healthcare options, understanding the impact and potential of online consultations is essential for anyone involved in healthcare today. Join us as we delve into the benefits, challenges, and future directions of online doctor consultations.
The Technology Behind Online Consultations
The successful implementation of online doctor consultations relies heavily on the sophistication and reliability of the underlying technology. These digital platforms are designed to ensure seamless communication between patients and healthcare providers, safeguarding privacy while delivering high-quality care. Here's an overview of the key technological components that enable effective online consultations:
Secure Video Conferencing Tools: At the core of most online consultation systems are video conferencing tools that must comply with health care privacy regulations, such as HIPAA in the United States. These tools are specifically designed to ensure end-to-end encryption, offering a secure channel for conducting confidential medical consultations. Providers often choose platforms that are easy for patients to use and that require minimal setup, ensuring accessibility for all age groups and tech skill levels.
Patient Management Systems: Integrated patient management systems are crucial for the smooth operation of online consultations. These systems manage patient records, appointment scheduling, billing, and follow-up care, all within a single platform. By centralizing these functions, healthcare providers can streamline the administrative aspects of care delivery, making the process more efficient for both practitioners and patients.
Integration with Electronic Health Records (EHRs): Seamless integration with existing EHRs is vital for maintaining comprehensive patient records and providing continuity of care. This integration allows healthcare providers to access and update patient records in real-time during consultations, facilitating informed decision-making based on the patient's complete medical history.
Mobile Accessibility: Given the widespread use of smartphones and tablets, online consultation platforms are often designed to be fully functional on mobile devices. This accessibility ensures that patients can consult with their doctors from anywhere, at any time, without needing access to a desktop computer.
Advanced Features: Some platforms incorporate additional features to enhance the consultation experience. These might include AI-driven symptom checkers that help triage patient concerns before the consultation, virtual waiting rooms that manage patient flow, and real-time language translation services to overcome language barriers.
The technology behind online doctor consultations is continually evolving, driven by advancements in digital health and consumer technology. As these platforms become more sophisticated, they not only improve the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery but also open up new possibilities for patient engagement and personalized care.
The Perks of Online Doctor Consultations
Online doctor consultations offer a plethora of advantages that cater to both patients and healthcare providers, revolutionizing traditional approaches to healthcare. Here are some of the key benefits:
Accessibility for Remote or Immobilized Patients: Online consultations significantly reduce geographical barriers, allowing patients in remote areas or those with mobility issues to access healthcare services without the need to travel. This is especially critical for patients who require regular monitoring or consultation but reside far from healthcare facilities.
Convenience and Time Efficiency: Virtual visits save patients the time and hassle associated with traveling to and from a doctor's office, waiting for their turn, and potentially exposing themselves to other illnesses. This convenience is invaluable for busy individuals, parents with young children, or anyone looking to streamline their healthcare management.
Cost-Effectiveness: Often, online consultations are more cost-effective than traditional visits due to reduced overhead costs for healthcare providers. This saving can be passed on to patients, making healthcare more affordable, especially for those without insurance or with high deductibles.
Improved Patient Engagement and Satisfaction: Online consultations empower patients by giving them more control over their healthcare. Easy access to doctors increases engagement, and the personalized attention they receive can lead to higher satisfaction levels. Patients appreciate the ease with which they can reach out to their doctors to discuss health issues, manage chronic conditions, and make informed decisions about their health.
Continuity of Care: Virtual visits make it easier to maintain continuity of care, especially important for chronic disease management. Patients can regularly check in with their healthcare providers, who can promptly adjust treatments based on the latest health data received through online channels.
Immediate Medical Attention: For urgent but non-emergency medical issues, online consultations can provide immediate medical advice and prescriptions, often averting the need for emergency room visits. This aspect of telemedicine is particularly valuable during off-hours or holidays when regular clinics may be closed.
These benefits collectively enhance the quality of healthcare delivery, making medical care more proactive, personalized, and patient-centered. As more healthcare providers and patients experience and recognize these advantages, the adoption of online doctor consultations continues to grow, setting new standards for what it means to provide and receive medical care in the digital age.
How Online Consultations are Changing Patient Care
Online doctor consultations are significantly impacting the way patient care is delivered, reshaping both the therapeutic landscape and the patient experience in profound ways. Here are some key aspects through which online consultations are changing patient care:
Chronic Disease Management: Online consultations have revolutionized the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and mental health disorders. Patients can regularly update their health care providers about their condition in real time, allowing for timely adjustments to treatments and medications. This ongoing interaction helps maintain stable health conditions and prevents the complications typically associated with chronic illnesses.
Mental Health Services: The accessibility of mental health services has vastly improved thanks to online consultations. Patients who might have previously avoided seeking help due to stigma or logistical difficulties can now access support discreetly and conveniently from their homes. This has been particularly crucial during times of increased stress and isolation, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Preventative Care: Online consultations facilitate a more proactive approach to preventative care. Patients have more frequent touchpoints with healthcare providers, who can offer advice on lifestyle changes and preventative measures based on ongoing health assessments. This approach helps in identifying potential health issues before they develop into more serious conditions.
Specialist Access: Patients in underserved areas often face significant challenges in accessing specialist care due to distance and travel constraints. Online consultations break down these barriers, enabling patients to receive specialist advice without the need for lengthy and often expensive travel.
Post-operative Care and Rehabilitation: Following surgery or other hospital treatments, patients can receive follow-up care and rehabilitation instructions through online consultations. This convenience reduces the need for return visits to the hospital, which can be particularly taxing for post-operative patients and those in recovery.
Educational Opportunities: Online consultations often include an educational component, where healthcare providers can use digital tools to share educational materials, explain medical conditions, and demonstrate therapeutic techniques. This educational approach empowers patients with knowledge about their health conditions and how to manage them effectively.
Through these transformative effects, online consultations are enhancing the efficiency, accessibility, and personalization of patient care. They are not only making healthcare more responsive to the needs of diverse patient populations but are also fostering a more informed and engaged approach to health management.
Overcoming Challenges in Online Consultations
While online doctor consultations offer numerous benefits and are increasingly becoming a standard practice in healthcare, they come with their own set of challenges. Addressing these challenges effectively is crucial to maximizing the benefits of telemedicine and ensuring it is a viable option for all patients and providers.
Technological Barriers:
- Connectivity Issues: Reliable internet access is fundamental for successful online consultations. Patients in rural or underserved areas may struggle with connectivity, which can impede their ability to use telehealth services.
- Technology Adoption: Both patients and providers may face challenges with adopting new technologies. Training and technical support can help mitigate these issues, ensuring all users are comfortable and proficient with the telehealth platforms.
Privacy and Security Concerns:
- Data Security: Protecting patient data during online consultations is paramount. Healthcare providers must use secure, encrypted platforms that comply with healthcare regulations such as HIPAA in the U.S. to ensure patient information is safe from breaches.
- Confidentiality: Maintaining confidentiality during a virtual visit, particularly when patients are in shared spaces, requires careful consideration and patient education on best practices.
Regulatory and Legal Issues:
- Cross-border Licensing: Regulations regarding the practice of medicine across state or national borders can complicate online consultations. Providers must be aware of and comply with the licensing requirements of the location where the patient is based.
- Reimbursement Policies: Variability in reimbursement for online consultations can be a barrier for providers. Staying informed about changes in healthcare policies and insurance coverage for telehealth is critical.
Personalization of Care:
- Building Rapport: Creating a patient-provider relationship remotely can be challenging. Providers need to develop skills in communicating empathy and understanding through a screen, which is essential for patient trust and satisfaction.
- Assessing Symptoms Remotely: Some health conditions require physical examinations for accurate assessment. Providers need to be adept at determining when an in-person visit is necessary and guiding patients accordingly.
Digital Literacy:
- Patient Education: Enhancing digital literacy among patients, particularly the elderly or those less familiar with technology, is essential. Providing simple, clear instructions and access to support can help overcome hesitancy and enable patients to engage more confidently with telehealth services.
Addressing these challenges requires ongoing effort from healthcare systems, providers, and policymakers. By implementing robust technical solutions, clear policies, and comprehensive support systems, the field of online consultations can continue to grow and improve, making healthcare more accessible and efficient for everyone involved.
The Future of Online Doctor Consultations
The trajectory of online doctor consultations is poised for substantial growth and continued innovation. As technology advances and societal acceptance increases, the scope of telemedicine will expand, offering new and improved ways to manage patient health. Here's a glimpse into what the future might hold for online consultations:
Integration of Advanced Technologies:
- Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI is expected to play a significant role in telemedicine by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, personalizing patient care, and streamlining administrative processes. For example, AI can analyze medical history quickly to assist in diagnosing or even predict potential health issues before they become evident.
- Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR): These technologies could transform online consultations by allowing doctors to perform virtual examinations and procedures, providing a more interactive and immersive experience.
Expansion of Services:
- Broader Specialties Involvement: While currently prevalent in primary care and mental health, online consultations are expected to expand into more medical specialties. Fields like dermatology, ophthalmology, and even oncology could utilize specific telemedicine tools tailored to their needs.
- Global Health Services: Advances in telemedicine will facilitate more global health interactions, where patients can consult with specialists worldwide, making high-quality healthcare more accessible irrespective of geographic location.
Regulatory and Policy Development:
- Standardization of Practices: As online consultations become more widespread, standardized practices and guidelines will likely be developed to ensure consistency and quality across services. This standardization will address current variations in care and regulatory compliance.
- Insurance and Reimbursement Models: Insurance companies are anticipated to adapt further, offering more comprehensive coverage for telemedicine services as their efficacy and efficiency are proven through continued use and research.
Enhanced Patient-Provider Dynamics:
- Improved Patient Engagement Tools: Future platforms will incorporate more robust patient engagement tools, such as health trackers and interactive care plans, that integrate seamlessly with telemedicine consultations.
- Personalization Through Data: Increased data collection and analysis will enable more personalized healthcare, with treatments and consultations tailored to individual patient profiles based on a vast array of health data.
Ethical and Privacy Considerations:
- Enhanced Data Security Measures: As the reliance on telemedicine grows, so too will the focus on protecting patient data. Future developments will need to ensure robust privacy protections and secure data handling practices that meet or exceed current standards.
- Addressing Equity Issues: Ensuring equitable access to telemedicine will remain a priority, addressing disparities in healthcare access among different socioeconomic groups.
The future of online doctor consultations is rich with potential, driven by technological advancements and a deeper integration into standard healthcare models. As we look forward, these developments promise not only to enhance the efficiency and accessibility of healthcare but also to transform the very nature of the patient-doctor relationship in our increasingly digital world.
What's Next?
The evolution of online doctor consultations marks a significant milestone in the transformation of healthcare delivery. This shift towards virtual care not only meets the demand for more accessible, efficient, and patient-centered services but also opens up a plethora of opportunities for innovation in medical practice. As technology continues to advance, the boundaries of what can be achieved through online consultations will expand, further integrating digital solutions into everyday health management.
Online consultations have proven their value by providing critical healthcare services during times of need, enhancing routine care, and offering a viable alternative to traditional in-person visits. They have become a cornerstone of modern healthcare, enabling continuous care and management that are crucial for chronic conditions, mental health, and general wellness.
For healthcare providers: Embrace the advancements in telemedicine to enhance your practice's capabilities and reach. Invest in the necessary technologies and training to provide high-quality online consultations. Stay informed about the latest developments and regulatory changes to ensure your services remain compliant and effective.
For patients: Take advantage of the convenience and accessibility of online doctor consultations to actively participate in your healthcare. Explore the options available to you and engage with your healthcare providers to tailor a care plan that fits your needs and lifestyle.
For policymakers and healthcare leaders: Continue to support the growth of telemedicine by developing policies that encourage its use, protect patient privacy, and ensure the quality of care. Work towards eliminating barriers to access, such as broadband connectivity issues and insurance limitations, to make online consultations a viable option for all.
The future of healthcare is here, and online doctor consultations are a vital part of this new landscape. By continuing to innovate and adapt, we can ensure that this model of care not only survives but thrives, improving health outcomes and patient experiences across the globe. Let's move forward together, leveraging technology to create a healthier tomorrow.
|
New build house prices boomed 17% last year while older homes dipped: Our map shows price gap in YOUR area
- New builds now worth £413,032 compared to £282,440 for existing homes
- The typical non-new build property fell by 2.4% last year
- New home developers accused of driving up prices by cutting supply
A surge in the price of new build homes over the past 12 months may be masking what is really happening in the property market, new data has revealed.
The cost of the average new build in the UK rose by a staggering 17.2 per cent in the 12 months to November 2023, according to the latest Government data.
And while new build prices have boomed, the price of existing homes appears to have dipped amid higher mortgage rates.
This is hidden in house price indexes, which don't tend to split their figures by property type and have therefore reported for several months that average house prices have been rising.
Gap opening up: The typical new home as of November 2023 was selling for £413,032 compared to the average existing home, selling for £282,440
But the typical non-new build property, which makes up the vast majority of transactions, actually went down in value by 2.4 per cent in the 12 months to November according to the Office for National Statistics figures.
The typical new home was selling for £413,032 as of November 2023, compared to the average existing home at £282,440.
Historically, both new-build and existing homes have gone up and down in price at about the same pace. So why are new homes suddenly speeding ahead?
> Are new build homes more expensive? We crunch the numbers
Thanks to research by the property development appraisal software firm, Aprao, we were able to track the price of the average new build home compared to existing homes over time.
In the 10 years leading up to 2023, new-build house prices increased by 60 per cent while existing homes rose 63.5 per cent.
On an annualised basis, that meant new builds were rising by 5.4 per cent on average per year compared to existing homes, which rose 5.6 per cent.
But in 2023, it's clear that new-build homes have been the driving force holding up overall property prices - and in many regions, the strong new-build sector growth has even helped to prop up what would have otherwise been falling house prices.
New builds more expensive in all UK regions
New-build values have outperformed the existing homes sold across every region of Britain, according to the analysis by Aprao.
For example, the average new build in the North East rose in price by 20.9 per cent last year. However, existing stock on the market fell by 0.8 per cent.
In London, the average new-build property rose by 11 per cent in value in 12 months to November. Meanwhile, existing London stock fell by 4.4 per cent on average.
In Scotland, the average new build price was up 18.7 per cent in the 12 months to November compared to a 1 per cent fall in value across existing stock.
Why are new build prices booming?
Some property experts believe that developers have effectively increased new build prices by cutting back on supply.
Last year, amid higher mortgage rates, sales volumes took a hit. Housing transactions fell by 19 per cent during 2023 to just over 1.02 million, according to HMRC figures.
In the face of this falling demand from buyers, many house builders and developers appear to have cut back on building, according to figures from the National House Building Council.
The NHBC's figures revealed 87,564 new homes were completed in the private sector in 2023, down 20 per cent on 2022 when 109,829 were completed. Completions refer to when a plot is confirmed as ready to be occupied.
Less building: New homes completed in 2023 were down 20% when compared with 2022
Are housebuilders stalling to push up prices?
Housebuilders are sometimes accused of sitting on building projects when times are tough, slowing the rate at which they complete homes so they can sell them for higher prices after the market recovers.
This reduces the supply of homes and can increase prices due to more competition. Is that what is happening here?
Peter Bill, the property author and commentator, says: 'The disproportionate rise in the price of brand new homes is directly related to the 15 per cent to 20 per cent deliberate cut in supply by volume house builders. They have successfully maintained prices by cutting supply.'
House builders will have also seen their margins squeezed by the rising cost of construction and finance.
Since 2019, the average cost of construction materials has climbed by 33.2 per cent, according to separate analysis by Aprao.
Some things have risen more than others. For example, insulating materials have risen 61.4 per cent, pre-cast concrete products are up 55.8 per cent and plastic doors and windows are up 49.6 per cent.
> True Cost Mortgage Calculator: Check what a new fixed rate would cost
Shovels in the ground and cranes in the sky: Since 2019, the average cost of construction materials has climbed by 33.2% according to analysis by Aprao
Daniel Norman, chief executive of Aprao says: 'The pandemic presented a myriad of challenges for the nation's housebuilders, with restrictions around producing and importing building materials leading to a spike in costs.
'But while the pandemic itself may be well and truly behind us, it's fair to say that the same challenges remain today, with the cost of many materials remaining higher than they were even a year ago.
'At the same time, developers are being hit with higher costs on other fronts, with higher interest rates playing their part, while their wage bill will have also increased.'
Peter Bill feels the combination of lower buyer demand, alongside extra construction and finance costs will have caused many housebuilders to cut back on the stock they are making available.
Peter Bill is the author of Property Planet and co-author of Broken Homes: Britain's Housing Crisis: Faults, Factoids and Fixes
He says: 'A house builder or developer needs to be confident about how much a property will sell for before buying a site. A developer will nearly always target a minimum 20 per cent profit.
'For example, say a developer initially projected that its income from sales will be £1,000,000, they will build in £200,000 profit into their sums. Say they have estimated the construction costs to be £600,000. That leaves them a £200,000 budget to buy the land or old building.
'They acquire the land and make plans to begin building work. However, due to higher mortgage rates, it now anticipates that the development will sell for £900,000, rather than £1,000,000. That will cut their £200,000 profit in half.
'Meanwhile, higher than anticipated costs of construction may also be eating into their profit margins.
'Big housebuilders are more fortunate than smaller developers. They can afford to wait for prices to recover, rather than sell at lower margins - or at a loss.
'Instead, they cut costs and slow the rate of construction, rather than cut prices.'
However, Anthony Codling, head of European housing and building materials for investment bank, RBC Capital Markets, believes that the surge in prices is ultimately being driven by demand from buyers.
'New build prices only rise if demand is greater than supply. If the homes aren't selling, the prices will come down.
Anthony Codling, head of European housing and building materials for investment bank RBC Capital Markets
'If we look at the market, mortgage rates are lower than they were a few months ago and wages are rising, therefore homebuyers can afford to spend more now than they could a few months ago.'
Rather than housebuilders purposely cutting back on supply, Codling argues that an inadequate planning system is slowing them down.
'Housebuilders would like to sell more homes,' says Codling. 'There are very few, if any, businesses that seek to sell fewer products than they could.
'The issue facing housebuilders is a planning system moving at a glacial pace, housing targets have been scrapped, planning departments funding has been cut and therefore fewer planning permissions are being granted.
'It is the planning system that is holding back housing supply, not housebuilders, they are in the business of building houses.
Codling adds: 'Build costs continue to rise, but housebuilders cannot automatically pass these costs on to the homebuyer, because don't forget for every one new build there are seven or eight second hand alternatives where build costs have long been forgotten and therefore do not impact the price.'
If new builds were to begin cutting prices and sell at lower prices than the market value, it would represent 'commercial suicide', according to Codling, particularly if they then run out of homes to sell.
He adds: 'Housebuilder profits have already fallen significantly, margins have fallen by about 50 per cent across the sector, and if housebuilders run out of money and go bust, we will get even fewer new homes, so we need to be careful what we wish for.'
*Please note that the data on new build and existing homes prices is based on ONS data taken from the Land Registry. It excludes Northern Ireland's house price data. Northern Ireland prices are based on a quarterly figure only.
|
Invisible aligners are popular orthodontic tools that are difficult to notice. Unlike unsightly metal braces with wires and brackets, Invisalign® straightens your teeth while working unobtrusively in the background.
If your child needs help with malocclusion or crooked or misaligned teeth, please call our Invisalign Dentist in Poway, CA, for assistance.
Teenage is a vulnerable time, and misaligned teeth can make your adolescent feel embarrassed and self-conscious. But this is only one of the drawbacks of crooked teeth. They can also interfere with bite, disrupt chewing ability and cause speaking difficulties.
When ignored, misaligned dentition leads to an unbalanced distribution of bite forces and can result in stress headaches, teeth clenching, premature wear, and TMJ problems, including jaw pain. If you're considering getting Invisalign® braces, please bring your teen or pre-teen for a consultation at Heavenly Smiles Dentist.
Once you visit our dental office for a consultation, we will first conduct a detailed evaluation of the oral cavity and examine the angle, number, and alignment of teeth. Our experienced dentists will check gum health and other decay or cavity formation problems.
If you have overcrowded dentition, we may need to extract one or more teeth before starting Invisalign® treatment. Our highly trained Invisalign dentist near you uses advanced scanning technology to show you images of the transformation. Invisalign® clear aligners take 12 to 18 months to shift your teeth to the desired positions. Treatment may take longer for young patients with severely misaligned dentition.
We check your teeth for progress roughly every two weeks. After examining your teeth, we provide you with the next aligners in the Invisalign® series. Each set of aligners consists of custom-fitted plastic trays for your needs.
Our skilled dentists at Heavenly Smiles Dentist possess the expertise and skill to create stunning, even smiles that will boost your child's confidence. Patients can also contact our responsive dentists to learn about Invisalign® clear aligners for adults.
Invisalign®️ uses a string of clear aligners to shift teeth into the desired position gradually. These custom-made aligners are worn over the teeth and are nearly invisible.
Invisalign suits both teens and adults. Different Invisalign options are designed to address the unique needs of various age groups.
The duration of Invisalign treatment varies based on individual needs, but on average, it ranges from 6 to 18 months. Regular check-ups with the dentist near you are crucial for monitoring progress.
Yes, one of the advantages of Invisalign is that you can remove aligners for eating, brushing, and special occasions. However, they should be worn for at least 22 hours daily for optimal results.
While some initial discomfort is normal as the teeth adjust, Invisalign is generally considered more comfortable than traditional braces. The aligners are smooth and don't have wires or brackets that may irritate.
Insurance coverage for Invisalign varies. Some dental insurance plans offer partial coverage for orthodontic treatments, including Invisalign. It's suggested you check with your insurance provider for details.
There are no restrictions with Invisalign since the aligners are removable. Unlike traditional braces, there are no concerns about food getting stuck in wires or brackets.
Invisalign effectively treats various orthodontic issues, but its suitability for severe cases depends on individual circumstances. A consultation with an Invisalign provider can determine the best course of action.
Regular dental check-ups are necessary, typically every 6 to 8 weeks, to observe progress and receive new aligners. These visits are crucial for the success of the treatment.
Yes, Invisalign is effective in closing gaps between teeth. The treatment plan is customized to address specific alignment issues, including gaps, crowding, and bite problems.
Invisalign is suitable for a wide age range, from teenagers to adults. It is a versatile orthodontic option that can be tailored to various stages of life.
Teeth whitening can be done concurrently with Invisalign treatment. Our dentist in Kingwood can guide you on when and how to incorporate teeth whitening into your overall dental care routine.
The cost of Invisalign varies based on factors such as the case's complexity, the treatment duration, and the geographic location. It's essential to consult with an Invisalign provider for an accurate estimate.
The duration of Invisalign treatment varies depending on individual needs. It takes about 12 to 18 months, but some cases may see results in as little as six months. The length of treatment is determined during the initial consultation.
The cost of Invisalign is often comparable to traditional braces. While prices may vary, Invisalign's nearly invisible aligners, comfort, and convenience may justify a slightly higher cost for some patients. Additionally, insurance coverage and financing options can influence the overall affordability of both options.
The duration for wearing Invisalign varies, typically ranging from 6-9 months. For complex cases 12-14 months. However, depending on your case's complexity, it can be shorter or longer. Consistent wear is crucial for effectiveness. Consult an Invisalign dentist near you for a personalized treatment plan.
Yes, Invisalign, known for its invisible aligners, is effective in closing gaps between teeth. It's a popular choice for its discreet appearance compared to traditional braces. For specific concerns, visit Invisalign for a consultation.
Invisalign requires consistent wear, typically 20-22 hours daily, for effective results. Wearing it only at night may not provide the necessary pressure for teeth movement, leading to unsatisfactory results. Consult with a dentist near you for proper guidance.
The cost of Invisalign varies, typically ranging from $3,000 to $7,000. Factors influencing the price include treatment complexity and geographic location. For a precise quote, seek a consultation with a dental office in Poway.
Typically, you receive get 4 sets of retainers which last a long time after completing the Invisalign treatment. These invisible teeth aligners help maintain your new smile. Some providers might offer additional retainers; check with your Invisalign in Poway provider for their specific policy.
Drinking coffee with Invisalign can stain the aligners and your teeth, and hot temperatures may warp the aligners. It's recommended to remove your clear aligners for teeth when consuming anything other than water.
Initially, Invisalign may cause temporary headaches due to the pressure applied to move teeth. It is typically temporary for few hours than goes away and it is usually around the beginning . If discomfort persists, consult with your local dentist to ensure proper fit and adjustment.
After Invisalign treatment, wearing retainers is crucial to maintain results. Initially, they're worn full-time, then typically only at night. Long-term, periodic retainer use is recommended. Consult with an Invisalign dentist for specific advice.
Invisalign's disadvantages include the need for discipline in wearing and maintaining the aligners, potential discomfort from tooth movement, and cost, which can be higher than traditional braces. For a detailed assessment, visit an Invisalign provider in Poway.
|
Restless legs syndrome (RLS)—a neurological disorder causing a strong urge to move the legs––affects certain races and genders more than others, according to a new study written about in HealthDay News.
After interviewing 190 people for the study, researchers discovered about 12 percent of black patients suffered from RLS compared with 36 percent of those who weren't African American.
"There are significant ethnic differences in the prevalence of restless legs syndrome, but the exact causes of higher prevalence among Caucasians are unknown," said study author Ammar Alkhazna, MD, of the University Missouri in Kansas City. "This likely reflects a combination of factors, including a genetic predisposition to RLS, diet, including iron intake, medications and possibly culture."
In addition, the study found that more women were likely to suffer from RLS symptoms than men because of iron deficiency and rheumatoid arthritis.
Read RH's "Peripheral Artery Disease or P.A.D." to learn how this serious leg condition affects your health.
Restless Legs Syndrome Is Not a Black Thing
|
Finding insurance to travel around the world is definitely not the most exciting preparation and one might even wonder what its usefulness is. However, traveling around the world exposes us to multiple risks such as medical emergencies, theft, damage to other people's property or accidents. These risks can lead to unforeseen expenses which , when added together, can constitute amounts that are difficult to cover without assistance.
When nothing happens to us, we don't think of the worst and fortunately, but imagine having a health problem or a serious accident in a country where even basic care is not guaranteed. You will then need to be transferred to a third country or even think about repatriation to your country of origin to receive appropriate treatment. Travel insurance provides financial protection against these unforeseen circumstances, allowing you to deal with emergencies without having to pay large sums of money.
Additionally, in some countries it is compulsory to be insured and require proof of travel insurance for entry into their territory, particularly due to the potential load on local systems in the event of an emergency.
Why did we choose to be insured?
In this article, we address different topics and questions in order to define whether or not you need to be insured when traveling.
We decided to be insured with GOBYAVA so that it protects our finances, helps us in the event of health problems, so that we can practice our extreme sports with peace of mind and explore the world more peacefully. In addition to that, we realized that it was not necessary to break the bank to protect your back. There are many insurance policies that offer very affordable value for money.
How to choose insurance?
Choosing the right insurance for a trip around the world requires careful consideration of your travel needs and preferences . Here are some things that can help you choose the type of insurance coverage you need based on:
Of your age
People who are traveling (some insurance companies offer discounts for couples or families)
The duration of your trip
From your destinations
Activities you do
Pre-existing medical conditions.
Whether the insurance is taken as complementary or as basic insurance
Insurance reputation
Coverage options
Keep insurance from your country of origin or take out travel insurance?
When you have insurance in your country of origin, because you have decided to take out insurance for your daily life, because it is part of social security or because it is compulsory, you can be interesting to keep these insurances for traveling. This is particularly true when taking short trips, as these insurances are often more expensive than travel insurance found on the market.
In the case of a trip over a long period, first franc insurance (certain travel insurance) is often the most financially advantageous solution. In fact, this type of insurance covers one hundred percent of your medical expenses abroad, sometimes even in your country of origin (excluding exclusions or limits set by the insurance), and allows you not to have to doubly insured.
Important details to consider before taking out insurance?
When preparing to take out insurance, it is important to consider the coverage options, what are the ceilings (the maximum amount that the insurance will pay), are there any deductibles (repatriation of costs you should pay out of pocket) and what the exclusions are. All this information is described in the general insurance conditions.
No insurance protects you against all risks. So they offer coverage options that define what costs they cover. Among these options we find in particular:
Civil liability (RC)
Risky sports
Support services
Medical costs (in the countries visited and/or in the country of origin)
Search and rescue costs
Cancellation fees
All the insurances that we considered to accompany us on our long-term trip mentioned situations in which we would not be covered. In particular, we found the following exclusions:
damage resulting from driving a motor vehicle:
pre-existing illnesses or claims: (ill before applying for new insurance)
Risky sports
CR in the context of paid or unpaid work.
Some countries are not covered by all insurances (e.g. Iran)
What travel insurance have we chosen? Are our extreme sports covered?
After comparing several travel insurance policies, we finally made our choice. We chose the ADVANTURE HEALTH PLAN at GOBYAVA with the additional AVA SPORT+ option. Here are some of the reasons that motivated our choice:
The price/service ratio
The possibility of coverage for "risky" sports
From the start, we wanted to orient our trip around our passions. Very quickly, we realized that practicing our sports around the world quite complicated our research in terms of insurance. Some insurance companies offer an option for practicing so-called "adventure" or "extreme" sports (off-piste skiing, mountaineering, diving, kite surfing, etc.). However, often when we read the general insurance conditions we found exclusions which limited the practice of such activities.
We found the combo that suits us at GOBYAVA with the ADVANTURE HEALTH PLAN cover and the AVA S PORT+ extension.
|
Are you wondering if all spiders in Santa Clarita are harmful to have in your home? While some spiders can be dangerous, others are harmless and can even be beneficial by controlling other pests. In this article, we'll provide tips and tricks for identifying common house spiders, preventing infestations, and utilizing safe and effective spider control solutions. So if you're ready to take back control of your home and enjoy a pest-free summer, read on and learn how Santa Clarita pest control for spiders can help you achieve just that.
How To Identify Common House Spiders
Are you curious about the spiders that may be lurking in your home? Some of the common house spiders found in Santa Clarita homes include:
- Black Widow Spiders: These infamous venomous spiders are black with a red hourglass-shaped mark on their abdomen. Their bites can cause severe pain and muscle cramps.
- Jumping Spiders: These spiders are typically small and have hairy, colorful bodies. They are harmless to humans and are actually famous for their impressive jumping abilities.
- Cellar Spiders: Also known as daddy longlegs, these spiders have small, delicate bodies and long, thin legs. They're harmless to humans and their ability to catch and eat other spiders can be quite beneficial.
If you have dangerous venomous spiders in your home, you can always call the experts at Excel Pest Management to help you get rid of them.
Do Spiders Keep Other Pests Away?
While some may cringe at the sight of these eight-legged creatures, different kinds of spiders actually play a vital role in controlling other pests in your home. By snacking on insects like pesky flies, annoying mosquitoes, and even other spiders, spiders can help keep your home bug-free. And the best part? You don't have to worry about arming yourself with a can of bug spray – just let the spiders do their thing!
Of course, that doesn't mean you have to let spiders run rampant. If you do find yourself with a spider problem, Excel Pest Management has got you covered with safe and effective spider control solutions.
Does Killing A Spider Attract More Spiders?
Have you heard the myth that killing a spider in your home will attract more spiders to take its place? This is a common belief, but it's simply not true. Spiders do not operate on a system of hierarchy or revenge, so there's no "spider boss" that will send in reinforcements if you take one of them out. Besides, simply killing spiders won't solve a potential infestation in your home. The best way to get rid of spiders is to call a professional to handle the problem for you. We can safely and effectively remove the spiders and their prey from your property and help keep them from coming back.
The Best Way To Keep Spiders And Their Pest Prey Out
Focusing your efforts on prevention can help keep spiders and their prey out. Here are some effective techniques to prevent spiders in your home:
- Seal cracks and crevices.
- Reduce clutter and keep your home clean.
- Use natural spider repellents like essential oils.
- Keep your home dry and fix leaks as soon as possible.
- Use yellow light bulbs for outdoor lighting.
- Install screens on windows and doors.
- Eliminate insect pests in your home.
If you're still experiencing spider problems, Excel Pest Management offers safe and effective spider control solutions. Our experts can identify the type of spider and create a customized treatment plan to get rid of spiders in your home. Contact us today to learn more.
|
Subtitles section Play video Print subtitles So if you found yourself staring down a grizzly bear with the head of a great white shark and cobras for arms, your body would start releasing adrenaline and norepinephrine within seconds to prepare you to fight… Or more likely, to take flight. After a minute or two your body would be flooded with cortisol. Cortisol is vital in keeping you healthy in tense situations. But when you stay stressed for too long it can have the opposite effect. Cortisol's job is to restore some order to your body. It puts more glucose into your bloodstream so you don't crash when the adrenaline is gone. It also kicks your liver into gear, pumping out the extra glucose that's now sloshing around inside you. Our bodies' hormone responses might have evolved when we were battling for survival against predators like bear-snake-sharks. These days, sources of stress are much different: dwindling bank accounts, overdue assignments, too much e-mail. That kind of stress tends not to go away, which means cortisol levels can stay elevated. And that can lead to health problems. Cortisol inhibits some of your immune responses, meaning you're more likely to get sick and it can take longer for wounds to heal. Cortisol also slows bone growth, meaning sustained levels can lead to weaker, more fragile bones. And because cortisol acts on parts of your brain that control appetite, it also increases your desire for fatty and sugary foods. Stress eating is real, people! Here's a weird plot twist for cortisol, though. That lowered immune response can actually be beneficial. In its medical form, cortisol is called hydrocortisone. You may have applied it to a rash or a bug bite, because it helps reduce swelling and itching – which is how our immune system responds to certain threats. So at least you won't have to stress out about that weird rash, which you should probably get looked at. Seriously. But before you do that. Hit that subscribe button. Want to beat stress? Then eat healthy food, get exercise, get more sleep. But definitely subscribe. Thanks to CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) for sponsoring this video. And hey, if you' are really into molecules, check out the Scifinder Future Leaders in Chemistry Program. Ph.D. students and postdocs like me from around the world are brought in to share their insights and go behind the scenes with Scifinder. It's an all-expense-paid trip where you can get to see firsthand how CAS builds and maintains the world most authoritative chemistry databases. You'll also get to travel to the American Chemical Society's National Meeting Exposition. For details, please visit CAS.ORG/FUTURELEADERS.
B2 US cortisol stress immune rash glucose adrenaline Why Too Much Stress Is Bad For You 18886 1388 羅紹桀 posted on 2016/02/02 More Share Save Report Video vocabulary
|
March 29, 2022 01:51pm
Our termly Immersion Days provide unique opportunities for children across all year groups to engage with their new topics for the term. From cookery and art activities to dress-up and role play, our Immersion Days are designed to provide a fun introduction to pupils' new topics, and start the term in an engaging and memorable way that leaves the children excited to learn more and delve deeper into their topic.
The broad scope of the topic areas in our curriculum allows our teachers to plan Immersion Days which really open our children's minds to different areas of history, science, culture, art and humanities. Our Immersion Days are really valuable tools in building our pupils' cultural capital and offering them new experiences, perspectives and ways of using their Thinking Tools. Most importantly, our children love getting involved and are really enthusiastic about their Immersion Days – they are a real highlight of life at Gordon!
We are delighted to share with you some highlights from our first Immersion Days of 2022 below.
Reception's Immersion Day kick-started their new and exciting topic, 'Will you read me a story?' This topic is all about fairy tales, so the children enjoyed the chance to come into school dressed as their favourite fairy tale characters! From Goldilocks and Little Red Riding Hood to Jack and the Beanstalk and Robin Hood, our children looked wonderful in their costumes, and spent the day thinking about features of a fairy tale and even making some porridge as they started to explore the Goldilocks and the Three Little Bears story.
A team of amazing superheroes flew into Gordon on Year 1's Immersion Day, as children dressed up to start their 'Superheroes' topic. Year 1 pupils enjoyed hunting for superheroes around the playground, before thinking about their favourite superheroes and how we can describe them. Ending the day using their creative green Thinking Hats, Year 1 children created their very own superhero puppets and performed puppet shows!
Year 2 children enjoyed getting messy in their 'Muck, Mess and Mixtures' Immersion Day activities. In the morning, the children experimented with vinegar and bicarbonate of soda, mixing them together and watching the exciting reaction. Things got even messier in the afternoon, as the children made their own messy masterpieces by flicking around paint to make abstract art! This is an excellent example of a practical Immersion Day which encourages pupils to learn kinetically.
'Scrumdiddlyumptious' is the title of Year 3's topic this term, and their Immersion Day was all about chocolate, a brilliant way to introduce their new class text, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. Year 3's activities ranged from designing their own chocolate bars to performing TV adverts promoting them.
Year 4 had a magical Immersion Day which introduced them to their new topic: Harry Potter and Potions. The children wrote their own potion recipes and started their new class text, which the children really enjoyed!
Our Year 5 pupils travelled back in time for their Immersion Day…right back to the Victorian Era! The children came in dressed up as key characters and figures from Victorian history, and spent the day as Victorian pupils. The children loved learning about Victorian school life and engaging in Victorian-style lessons and even following Victorian school rules. What better way to learn about an era of history than living a day in it yourself?
Finally, our Year 6 children enjoyed a very creative Immersion Day, as they started their 'Frozen Kingdom' topic by looking at the Northern Lights and creating their own stunning interpretations using pastels.
For more information and images from our Term 3 Immersion Days, click here to view our latest newsletter.
We are so glad that our children enjoyed the exciting introductions to their new topics, and we hope to see their enthusiasm extend over the term!
|
Challenges in gait analysis >
Gait testing workflow >
Real test outcomes >
Quality considerations >
Addressing the industry's challenges with reimbursement
Just a teasing title or is there real benefit for the orthopedic aids sector? As a matter of fact, the requirements for documenting supply services are constantly increasing. In order to reduce internal costs and strengthen the position vis-à-vis cost reimbursement, innovative methods are required that can be used as time-savingly as possible while providing valid results.
This article addresses the application of automated gait analyses using sensor insoles for the assessment of the biomechanical function of braces and prostheses at the lower limbs. The main value proposition for the industry is that it enables objective, quantifiable assessments of movement sequences, thus facilitating comparative analyses of different aids or changes over time.
What constitutes normal gait? Perspectives on assessing gait quality
When establishing the objective of achieving a physiologically sound gait cycle for the provision of braces or prostheses to a patient, the question arises: What constitutes a normal gait? Human gait patterns exhibit significant variability, and not every deviation from the norm, as observed in an average healthy individual, necessarily results in discomfort, damage, or is indicative of pathology. The diversity of biomechanical characteristics within a gait pattern is influenced by factors including anatomy, history of injuries, gender, and age.
Furthermore, in the assessment of 'gait' within the context of provisioning orthopedic aids, three distinct sources have a stake (Tab-1), which do not necessarily correspond well with each other.
Stakeholder | Assessment |
Patient | A patient will subjectively assess the functionality of a brace or prosthesis, and therefore evaluate the ergonomic feel of the aid. |
Expert | Assessment by experts usually involves visual analysis and interpretation, often supplemented by video recordings. The assessment is intended to be objective, but is in fact susceptible to the so-called experimenter effect (results vary between observers). |
Measurement Technology | Objectivized assessments by measurement technology entail the capturing and evaluation of biomechanical gait parameters using force, plantar pressure, angle and timing sensing solution. |
As of the current date (April 2024), the process of documentation by providers of medical aids, including medical supply stores and orthopedic technology specialists, for the reimbursement of orthoses and prostheses by health insurance companies in Germany is not standardized. Consequently, there are no reliable criteria from the three areas of the patient's perception, expert assessment, and objective gait analysis using measurement technology that urge reimbursement. Often, either an assessment by the specialist alone is used, or a combination of expert expertise and qualitative video recording is employed, both of which result in written documentation. The time expenditures, and thus the costs, for these measures are significant.
ReGo provides the orthopedic retail sector with automated evaluations for standardized gait tests, which can lead to significant cost savings. Staff obtains quantitative results on the function of a brace or prosthesis with minimal time expenditure. This objective database facilitates the creation of documentation and the reasoning for reimbursement with health insurance companies.
Furthermore, the standardization of testing helps achieve patient- and product-wide comparability and consistency in data management, which benefits quality management requirements. Finally, an objective gait report as a communication tool for additional services also contributes to improving individual customer retention. To date, however, ReGo is not capable of generating a reliable single number rating with respect to the function of an orthopedic aid which would allow ad-hoc comparison of different aid types.
Workflow of the gait analysis
ReGo gait analyses are conducted in the framework of gait tests using wireless sensor insoles. The sensors measure plantar pressure distribution, vertical ground reaction forces, and foot movement to determine cycle times, angular positions, stride lengths, and walking speeds. Various different gait tests are available for specific use cases, such as straight walking parcours or treadmills.
For the application examples presented here, the product Moticon ReGo was used, which facilitates gait tests and evaluations of scientific quality within 2 minutes.
To conduct a ReGo gait test, the user needs a pair of sensor insoles and a smartphone or tablet with the ReGo app. The basic steps in conducting gait tests, including evaluation, are shown in Tab-2.
Step | Task |
1. Sensor insoles | Insert sensor insoles into the shoes, allow them to warm up and perform a few steps to zero. |
2. Test type & settings | Select gait test, make settings for audio instructions and self-reported outcomes. |
3. Test execution | Perform gait test either on normal ground or on treadmill, following the visual or screen instructions. Biofeedback functions are available. |
4. Report generation | Create individual reports using flexible presets, export and share in PDF format. |
If a new customer is to be tested for the first time, a customer profile must be created and a one-time individual calibration carried out (step 1). The actual test procedure (step 3) in the app is designed with clear user guidance so that the gait analysis can be conducted in as short a time as possible. All gait parameters are available as test results immediately after the test is completed. The creation of dedicated gait reports, for example to pass them on to the customer in PDF format or to use as proof for the health insurance company, takes place in a separate step (step 4). Report presets can be saved, allowing the selection of gait parameters to be made only once and applied for all gait test results in the same way.
In preparation for the gait analysis, no additional efforts are required, as the ReGo sensor insoles are completely wireless, eliminating the need for attaching cables, tabs, and a data logger. Since each sensor insole incorporates independent measuring electronics, multiple tests can be conducted simultaneously, provided there are several mobile devices available to carry out the tests. All technical settings, such as the recording rate of the sensor data (also called sample rate) or the requirements for determining the zero value of the sensors, are automatically set depending on the type of test.
Results of the functional gait analysis
The results of a gait analysis are to serve as a basis for assessing knee or ankle braces' and prostheses' functional effectiveness. Therefore, the orthopedic aids retail staff shall possess or develop skills to interpret the individual gait parameters. The responsibility for making a diagnosis based on each patient or customer's context rests with the expert at the orthopedic aids retail shop.
Out of the total 70 gait parameters available in ReGo gait tests, here we present a selection of particularly relevant gait parameters. The examples are based on real patient data gathered by Germany's top 5 orthopedic aids retail company Stolle GmbH & Co. KG (Hamburg, Germany). The patient had a severe bicycle accident, suffering from multi fractures on the lower limbs. Five months post-op, new ankle braces had to be fitted on both legs as shown in Vid-2.
Gait Line
The gait line is a fundamental outcome of a gait analysis and describes the way a foot rolls over the ground. It is defined by the center of pressure trajectory during the stance phases of a trial. Its relevance originates in the fact that it describes if a foot's movement is incomplete, or if it shows limitations or compensation patterns.
As shown in Fig-1 and described in Tab-1, there are a number of additional outcome parameters available, which describe the form and extent of a gait line in a numerical way such that progress can be displayed over time. The left-to-right difference is indicated for each parameter as well.
Gait Parameters | Biomechanical Interpretation |
Gait Line Length Gait Line Width Forefoot Hindfoot Dominance Medial Lateral Dominance | With both ankle braces, the patient's gait lines are shortened and develop in the forefoot only. This indicates that the patient primarily walks on the forefoot, lacking the ability to carry out dorsal flexion in the ankle joint. The left foot/leg is more limited than the right foot. When comparing the patient's gait line to the normal's gait line (Trial 3), it becomes clear that a physiological foot roll-over-the-ground should start with the heel and end with the forefoot, with little left to right difference. |
Initial and Final Contact Points, Gait Line Progression
The ground reaction force curve (vGRF) contains rich information on the dynamics of the walking and is related to the timeline on which certain events, such as force peaks, occur.
Gait Parameter | Biomechanical Interpretation |
Initial / Final Ground Contact Points Gait Line Progression | A normal gait shows little variability with regards to the initial and final ground contact points (Trial 3). The gait line progression is evenly distributed with smaller left-to-right differences until the foot reaches the lift-off zone (forefoot/toes), on which it rests longer for pushing off the floor (indicated by little point-to-point distances). The patient's point distribution shows greater variability. The left leg is more consistent in Trial 1, while in Trial 2 the right leg shows better results. This may indicate that the toe-off brace works better for the left leg and the spirale brace works better for the right leg. Both gait line progressions reveal that the foot rests on the metatarsals quite long before slightly moving forward for push-off. |
Ground Reaction Force, Plantar Pressure Distribution, Load Distribution
The vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) here presents a kinetic outcome which describes the fierceness of a foot hitting the ground, the dynamics involved and how it develops throughout the stance phases. The plantar pressure distribution (PD), on the other hand, indicates the locations of high or low pressure across the entire plane of the foot. In order to make pressure distribution quantifiable, the load distribution was introduced. It divides the foot area into six zones such that medial-lateral forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot load can be displayed as percentage of the overall load.
Gait Parameter | Biomechanical Interpretation |
Ground Reaction Force Mean Pressure Distribution Load Distribution | A normal's gait vGRF curve shows 2 force peaks, with the 2nd equal or higher than the first (see Trial 3). The patient's Trial 1 and Trial 2 show a much higher first peak, which indicates that the forefoot (as shown in the PD) hits the ground really hard. The left to right comparison shows an opposite force development in Trial 1 and Trial 2. |
As shown in Fig-3 and Tab-5, a patient's force development and load distribution may vary largely from a normal person's gait pattern in case of functional limitations or compensation patterns. This refers both to left to right differences and to the shape and distribution of force curves and loads, respectively.
Strike Angle, Lift-Off Angle
The strike and lift-off angles indicate the orientation of the foot against the ground plane when hitting the ground and when taking off from the ground.
Gait Parameter | Biomechanical Interpretation |
Strike / Lift-Off Angle | The patient's strike and lift-off angles in Trial 1 and Trial 2 are consistently larger for the right leg compared to the left leg, which indicates uneven range of motion which cannot be compensated by the ankle braces. Generally, braces used in Trial 2 seem to work better as strike angle can be improved by 95.2% while lift-off angle decreased by only 7.9%. At large, the patient's strike and lift-off angles are way smaller compared to the normal's outcomes, indicating a severe limitation in the range of motion. |
As shown in Fig-4 and Tab-6, spatio-temporal gait parameters are important outcomes for evaluating the foot's movement and orientation in space. They complement the force and pressure based parameters (kinetics). We suggest that the combination of both outcome entities offers a more complete understanding of gait biomechanics, thus potentially revealing functional insights which may not be detected if only spatio-temporal (inertial sensor or video based) or kinetic (in-shoe pressure sensors or force plates).
The complete parameter lists for the respective tests can be requested on the ReGo website.
Data quality aspects
The standards for data quality in movement and load analyses for use in orthopedic technology is high, as these analyses underpin decisions made by professionals in providing patients with assistive devices. Consequently, a high standard of data quality is required with respect to the measurement method used: The accuracy of measurements (validity) and the comparability of results in repeat measurements (retest reliability) must meet these demands.
Measurement systems with outstanding levels of data quality, however, such as the complex expert systems used in scientific laboratories, are impractical in a retail store setup due to the limited time budget per patient. Often, just setting up these systems requires 15-20 minutes.
In contrast, the ReGo measurement system for commercial gait analysis presented here can be used almost anywhere in a very time-efficient manner and at the same time offers a number of advantages in terms of ensuring high data quality:
Quality Feature | User Benefit |
200 Hz sampling rate | High measurement frequency for all tests ensures sufficient number of data points in each gait phase, avoiding bias by cut-off. |
Automatic zero-point tracking | The continuous zeroing of the pressure sensors during gait analysis allows compensation of effects caused by temperature fluctuations and wearout. |
Multi-point calibration | Individual multi-point calibration takes anatomical influences and specific motion patterns into account and allows highest force accuracy (<5% error compared to force plate). |
Self-check sensor function | Continuous self-checks of the sensors for proper function and prevention of tests if errors occur. |
In independent scientific studies conducted by Rush Medical College (Chicago, USA), important gait metrics of the Moticon ReGo system were validated with excellent outcomes (1, 2).
For practical application in orthopedic technology, it is furthermore crucial that repeated gait analyses are performed under identical conditions to foster comparability of results. ReGo ensures this by embedding the data collection into standardized gait tests with a fixed execution procedure. Algorithms for automatic movement detection are used to identify steps and eliminate outliers, such as too few steps within a test or curved paths instead of straight walking distances. This standardization helps maintain high data quality and reliability as for each type of movement and execution variant, a separate ReGo test is available.
Gait analyses on a short walking distance and on the treadmill can be conducted using the following ReGo tests:
RT038 Free Distance Walk and Return
RT039 15 Seconds Treadmill Walk
Product features for seamless operation in a retail store
For seamless operation in orthopedic technology stores, the preparation and setup of the measurement system, the data collection process, the data post-processing, and data maintenance play a crucial role. ReGo offers the product features for cost-effective deployment of gait analyses as shown in Tab-8.
Productivity Feature | User Benefit |
Automated test results | Computation of test results is completely automated and results are available within seconds. |
Presets for gait report | Standardized gait reports can be created with just a few clicks using presets. |
Wireless sensor insoles | The sensor insoles are completely wireless, fit into almost any shoe, and are ready to use without setup efforts. |
Intuitive in-app guidance | The gait test is supported by visual user guidance and audio prompts, making the process intuitive for both the operator and the customer. |
Test wise data acquisition settings | Technical settings for gait analyses are automatically adjusted, thus preventing wrong settings by mistake. |
Fast user setup | New customer profiles can be created using only a name or patient ID and do not require full scope registration (Unverified Client). |
Data labeling | Labels for marking test results, such as for types of prostheses or the purpose of the gait analysis, can be used to tag data for filtering and reports. |
1. Leora A. Cramer, et al. Validity and Reliability of the Insole3 Instrumented Shoe Insole for Ground Reaction Force Measurement during Walking and Running. Sensors 2022.
2. Abhiroop Ganguly, et al. Accuracy of the fully integrated Insole3's estimates of spatiotemporal parameters during walking. Medical Engineering & Physics 2023.
|
In the rapidly changing terrain of digital transformation, where innovation is the heartbeat of progress, the significance of digital adaptability becomes the bedrock upon which success is built. As we embark on a journey into the nucleus of the global tech revolution, our mission is not just to observe but to deeply understand the core technologies orchestrating this transformative symphony. These technologies are not mere tools; they are architects of a paradigm shift that reshapes industries, redefines connectivity, and ultimately empowers digital adaptability on a scale that transcends borders.
Like threads in a vast tapestry, these pivotal technologies interweave to create the fabric of our digital future. By unraveling their complexities and embracing their potential, we unlock the true essence of digital adaptability. It's not merely about coping with change; it's about thriving in the face of it. Join us as we dissect the very essence of these technologies, dissecting their roles, unveiling their impacts, and understanding how they collectively empower digital adaptability on the grand stage of the global tech revolution.
Overview of Key Technology
Artificial Intelligence (AI): The Architect of Innovation
At the forefront of the digital transformation journey stands Artificial Intelligence (AI), an unparalleled architect reshaping industries and expanding the limits of technological achievement. AI's prowess in analyzing vast datasets, extracting meaningful insights, and making data-driven decisions has revolutionized processes across sectors. Whether through predictive analytics, which anticipates future trends based on historical data, or the creation of personalized customer experiences, AI emerges as the foundational cornerstone in the construction of digital adaptability.
AI's impact extends beyond mere automation; it fundamentally alters how businesses operate. In healthcare, AI facilitates diagnostics and treatment plans, ensuring personalized and efficient care. The integration of AI in manufacturing optimizes machinery performance through predictive maintenance, minimizing downtime and maximizing efficiency. From the financial sector to retail, AI acts as a catalyst for innovation, enhancing operational efficiency, and elevating customer experiences to unprecedented levels. As industries increasingly harness the transformative power of AI, the landscape of innovation is forever altered.
Internet of Things (IoT): Connecting the Unseen
In the intricate tapestry of the Global Tech Revolution, the Internet of Things (IoT) assumes a pivotal role. Seamlessly integrating devices, sensors, and systems, IoT crafts a network where data flows in real-time. This connectivity not only amplifies efficiency but also nurtures adaptability by furnishing businesses with unprecedented insights into their operations. From the innovation of smart cities to the precision of industrial automation, IoT acts as the thread weaving digital adaptability into the very fabric of our technological landscape.
The significance of IoT lies in its ability to make the invisible visible. In agriculture, IoT sensors monitor crop conditions, optimizing yield and resource usage with precision. In logistics, IoT-enabled tracking ensures the seamless movement of goods, reducing delays and enhancing supply chain efficiency. As industries worldwide embrace IoT, they are propelled into an industrial evolution marked by connectivity, data-driven decision-making, and a paradigm shift towards smarter, more connected operations.
Cloud Computing: The Backbone of Agility
Digital adaptability finds its core in agility, and at the heart of this agility lies Cloud Computing. The ability to access and store data, run applications, and scale resources on-demand empowers businesses to swiftly adapt to changing circumstances. Cloud computing transcends geographical boundaries, fostering collaboration and flexibility. As organizations globally migrate to the cloud, they enhance their digital adaptability quotient, ensuring seamless operations in the face of uncertainty.
Cloud computing's universal impact transcends industry boundaries, influencing sectors ranging from education to finance. In education, cloud-based platforms facilitate remote learning and collaboration, breaking down geographical barriers and enhancing access to educational resources. In finance, cloud solutions enhance data security, streamline operations, and enable financial institutions to adapt to rapidly changing market conditions. The scalability and accessibility of cloud computing empower industries globally to navigate challenges and adapt to the dynamic business environment with unparalleled ease.
Reshaping Industries Globally
AI's Impact on Industries
The transformative influence of AI reverberates across diverse industries. In healthcare, AI facilitates diagnostics and treatment plans, ensuring personalized and efficient care. In manufacturing, predictive maintenance driven by AI optimizes machinery performance, minimizing downtime. From the financial sector to retail, AI serves as a catalyst for innovation, enhancing efficiency, and elevating customer experiences.
IoT's Role in Industrial Evolution
Industries worldwide are in the midst of an industrial evolution propelled by IoT. In agriculture, IoT sensors monitor crop conditions, optimizing yield and resource usage. In logistics, IoT-enabled tracking ensures the seamless movement of goods. The industrial landscape is undergoing a fundamental shift as IoT paves the way for smarter, more connected operations, fostering adaptability in the face of changing market demands.
Cloud Computing's Universal Impact
The universal impact of cloud computing transcends industry boundaries. In education, cloud-based platforms facilitate remote learning and collaboration. In finance, cloud solutions enhance data security and streamline operations. Industries globally leverage the scalability and accessibility of cloud computing to navigate challenges and adapt to the dynamic business environment.
Real-world Applications and Success Stories
Transformative Applications and Success Stories
AI Revolutionizing Healthcare
In the dynamic landscape of healthcare, Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a revolutionary force, introducing transformative applications that redefine diagnostics and treatment. The deployment of AI in healthcare not only expedites processes but also significantly enhances accuracy, leading to improved patient outcomes.
Diagnostic Algorithms for Medical Imaging
AI in healthcare is prominently featured in diagnostic algorithms designed to analyze medical images swiftly and accurately. From radiology to pathology, these algorithms assist medical professionals in interpreting complex images, facilitating quicker diagnoses and precise identification of medical conditions.
IBM Watson Health's Collaboration with Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
A standout success story in AI's impact on healthcare is the collaboration between IBM Watson Health and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. This partnership leverages AI to assist clinicians in identifying personalized cancer treatment options. AI's analytical capabilities, coupled with vast datasets, enable the identification of optimal treatment plans tailored to individual patient profiles.
IoT Transforming Smart Cities
The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a pivotal role in transforming urban landscapes into smart cities, where interconnected technologies enhance efficiency, sustainability, and overall quality of life. Real-world applications of IoT in smart cities showcase tangible success stories, exemplifying how these technologies contribute to the digital adaptability of entire communities.
Barcelona's IoT-Enabled Urban Solutions
Barcelona serves as an exemplary model of IoT's impact on urban living. The city employs IoT sensors across various domains, leading to significant improvements in waste management, parking systems, and street lighting. These applications not only optimize resource usage but also create a more connected and responsive urban environment.
Waste Management Efficiency
IoT sensors in waste management enable cities to optimize collection routes based on real-time data. Barcelona's implementation of IoT in waste management ensures timely collection, minimizes environmental impact, and contributes to a cleaner and more sustainable urban environment.
Smart Parking Solutions
IoT-powered smart parking solutions enhance urban mobility by providing real-time information about parking availability. Drivers can efficiently locate parking spaces, reducing traffic congestion and enhancing overall traffic management.
Intelligent Street Lighting
IoT-enabled street lighting systems adjust brightness based on environmental conditions and human activity. This not only improves energy efficiency but also enhances safety and security in urban areas.
These real-world applications underscore the tangible benefits of AI in healthcare and IoT in smart cities, illustrating how these technologies contribute to the digital adaptability of industries and communities alike.
Cloud Computing Empowering Small Businesses
Cloud computing's impact on small businesses is notable. Platforms like Amazon Web Services (AWS) provide affordable and scalable solutions, enabling small enterprises to compete on a global scale.
This democratization of technology showcases how cloud computing empowers businesses of all sizes. Small enterprises can now access computing resources, storage, and applications that were once reserved for larger corporations. This newfound accessibility enables them to scale their operations, improve efficiency, and remain competitive in an increasingly digital business landscape.
As small businesses leverage cloud computing services, they not only reduce capital expenditures on IT infrastructure but also gain the ability to adapt rapidly to changing market demands. For instance, cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) systems allow businesses to streamline their operations and enhance customer interactions. The flexibility of cloud computing ensures that small businesses can innovate and experiment without the burden of significant upfront investments.
In the broader context, cloud computing has become a driving force behind the democratization of innovation. It fosters a level playing field where startups and small businesses can harness cutting-edge technologies without the need for extensive financial resources. This paradigm shift has resulted in a more dynamic and competitive business landscape, where digital adaptability is no longer a luxury but a necessity for survival.
In conclusion, the trio of AI, IoT, and cloud computing represents the transformative forces propelling the global tech revolution. These technologies not only reshape industries but also form the bedrock of digital adaptability. As businesses navigate the complex terrain of the digital era, understanding and harnessing the potential of these key technologies will be instrumental in not just surviving but thriving in the evolving landscape of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
As we traverse the intricate landscape of digital transformation, the symbiotic relationship among Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing stands out as the paramount driving force behind global digital adaptability. These three pillars not only reshape industries but also usher in an era where adaptability is not merely a survival strategy but a potent competitive advantage.
In the midst of the Global Tech Revolution, businesses and industries are urged not only to embrace these transformative technologies but to wield them as tools that empower digital adaptability. The journey toward a digitally adaptable future is undeniably challenging, yet the transformative potential of AI, IoT, and cloud computing illuminates the path forward.
To thrive in this era, businesses must view challenges not as impediments but as opportunities for growth and innovation. The transformative potential of AI is witnessed in healthcare diagnostics, manufacturing optimization, and customer experience elevation. IoT's impact reverberates through smart cities, agriculture, and logistics, fostering a new era of connectivity and data-driven decision-making. Cloud computing, the backbone of agility, empowers businesses of all sizes to scale, collaborate, and navigate the ever-changing digital landscape.
Embrace the evolution, empower digital adaptability, and position yourself at the forefront of the Global Tech Revolution—where the future is not just a distant vision but a continuous unfolding reality. By adopting an agile mindset, staying at the forefront of technological innovations, and fostering a culture of adaptability, businesses can not only survive but thrive in the dynamic and evolving landscape of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The journey towards digital adaptability is not a destination; it's an ongoing exploration, and those who actively participate in this exploration will shape the future of industries and economies worldwide.
FAQs -(Frequently Asked Questions)
1. What is digital adaptability, and why is it essential in the context of the Global Tech Revolution?
Digital adaptability refers to the ability of businesses and industries to seamlessly adjust and thrive in the evolving digital landscape. In the Global Tech Revolution, where technological advancements are rapid, digital adaptability is crucial for sustained success.
2. How does Artificial Intelligence (AI) contribute to digital adaptability?
AI serves as the architect reshaping industries by analyzing data, providing insights, and making data-driven decisions. From predictive analytics to personalized customer experiences, AI is a foundational element in fostering digital adaptability.
3. What role does the Internet of Things (IoT) play in the industrial revolution and digital adaptability?
IoT seamlessly integrates devices and systems, creating real-time data flows. This connectivity enhances efficiency and fosters adaptability by providing businesses with unprecedented insights. IoT contributes significantly to the digital adaptability of industries, from smart cities to industrial automation.
4. How does Cloud Computing act as the backbone of agility in digital adaptability?
Cloud Computing empowers businesses to access and store data, run applications, and scale resources on demand. Its agility transcends geographical boundaries, fostering collaboration and flexibility. Organizations migrating to the cloud enhance their digital adaptability, ensuring seamless operations amid uncertainty.
5. What industries experience the transformative impact of AI, IoT, and Cloud Computing?
AI revolutionizes healthcare, aids in diagnostics, and optimizes manufacturing processes. IoT contributes to industrial evolution in agriculture and logistics. Cloud Computing has a universal impact, enhancing education, finance, and various other industries.
6. Can you provide real-world examples of AI, IoT, and Cloud Computing success stories?
AI's success includes diagnostic algorithms in healthcare. IoT transforms smart cities like Barcelona with applications in waste management and street lighting. Cloud Computing empowers small businesses through platforms like Amazon Web Services (AWS).
7. How can businesses leverage the synergy of AI, IoT, and Cloud Computing for a competitive advantage?
Businesses should not only embrace these technologies but strategically leverage them to empower digital adaptability. The synergy of AI, IoT, and Cloud Computing reshapes industries, offering a competitive advantage in the dynamic Global Tech Revolution.
8. What challenges might businesses face on the journey to digital adaptability?
While the journey to digital adaptability is transformative, challenges may include technological complexities, integration hurdles, and the need for upskilling. However, the transformative potential of AI, IoT, and Cloud Computing lights the way forward.
9. How can businesses stay at the forefront of the Global Tech Revolution?
Businesses should embrace the evolution by proactively leveraging key technologies. By empowering digital adaptability, they position themselves at the forefront of the Global Tech Revolution, where the future is continuously unfolding.
|
When there is an accident or a crime first the police and investigators need to look at the scene and collect evidence and only when they hand it back over to the property owner can they then call in tatortreinigung Düsseldorf based experts, or ones local to them. The forensic experts are not the people who clean up a property, the person responsible for organizing the clean-up is the property owner or the victim's family, depending on the situation. Cleaning up after a dead relative is not something you should be handling yourself. With blood, skull fragments, body parts and other body fluids to be dealt with, this should be left to professional crime scene cleaners. This work can be traumatizing and could trigger extreme emotional stress if you are dealing with someone you cared about, and even if it was just someone you knew it is not something just anyone can handle. Experts are trained in dealing with all kinds of scenes and difficult situations and how to stay distant from them.
What are crime scene cleaners exactly?
Tatortreinigung involves the correct and precise collection, cleaning and disposal of hazardous remains and body fluids at whatever location they have been found in.
It can only be done by trained professionals and technicians that you need to hire should the location be on your property.
Some will have medical backgrounds, some have other kinds of training all of which mean they can clean bacteria, organisms, blood pathogens, remove stains of all kinds without damaging surfaces and properly dispose of body parts, waste and so on that are found on site.
They can help with the question 'what do you do now'
Often when you learn something has happened in your office building, or at your parent's house you might wonder what to do now when the police have finished with the scene. The answer is to call a professional tatortreinigung Düsseldorf service. They are the ones who have the knowledge, equipment and skills that you need. They can help at a very difficult time and keep you away from a very traumatic experience.
Make sure you are properly complying with the law
It is also the case that when something has happened there are laws that need to be adhered to when it comes to disposing of body fluids, parts, waste material, biohazard and so on. Tatortreinigung experts know what the laws are and can make sure everything is done strictly to the letter of the law so that you do not get into any trouble and so that the property is safe to use after it has been professionally cleaned.
Whether this is someone you know or loved or just something that has happened in the property you own, the process of cleaning up after a crime, accident or incident should be left to professionals. They have the experience, the skill, the training and the equipment. Be sure to call local experts to get the process started as soon as it is allowed.
|
Dear Readers,
As this week was suicide prevention week we're going to discuss a question from a client whose daughter attempted suicide. We'll call this woman Marla. Marla's daughter was only 14 when she tried to take her own life and after a stressful year getting bounced around in the psychiatric system with no improvement Marla reached out to me. The advent of high school had only increased her daughter's stress and she was worried for her safety if she couldn't find answers.
Marla's daughter also suffered from disordered eating and she intuitively felt the two might be connected. We were both very glad she made that connection because three months after the simple changes I suggested her daughter became much more relaxed and calm. She had previously been very anxious, especially in social situations and would isolate herself to the point of not going to school for months. Pressure to attend had preceded the suicide attempt so the family was afraid to push her past her comfort zone again. This poor teen would walk around the home hitting herself in the head, telling herself how stupid and messed up she was, binging (then purging) junk food to soothe herself. She was full of angst and self loathing.
It turned out Marla's daughter had all the symptoms of Pyrrole disorder so we treated her for that using nutritional interventions. The treatment had an incredible impact and turned everything around for this young lady who quickly overcame her social anxiety, returned to school, and became involved in suicide prevention at school. Previously she had been diagnosed with social anxiety and bipolar disorder. The symptoms of both disorders dropped away with nutritional treatment. The turnaround started in as little as six weeks and she continued to improve over the course of a year. So today we're going to unpack this little known disorder and how to treat it if you think it could apply to you or someone in your circle.
Pyrrole Disorder
It's likely you've never heard of Pyrrole disorder, even if you suffer from it. Why is that? Well, the symptoms can look a lot like some very common psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, anxiety and bipolar disorder. These conditions are diagnosed with checklists, and despite the similarities in symptomatology, Pyrroluria is not ruled out. Many doctors don't recognize it or have not been taught to screen for it.
Pyroluria is caused by an abnormal hemoglobin synthesis that results in a biochemical imbalance. The body produces too much hydroxyhempyrolin (HPL), which then binds to zinc and vitamin B6. These are then excreted in the urine (and hair), so the body becomes deficient. HPL is elevated when we experience excessive stress, both external and internal oxidative stress, so the problem can be triggered by stress, trauma, or bad dietary habits or any combination of these. Additionally, it can be genetic or acquired through prolonged antibiotic use, causing damage to the microbiome and intestinal mucosa. I also believe it may be related to undiagnosed/ untreated Celiac disease causing similar intestinal damage.
I have seen a lot of clients with schizophrenia that also have Pyroluria, my son included, but that is not shocking since schizophrenics often have a gluten intolerance, a disordered gut biome, and very poor dietary habits. It's most common in youth.
Pyrrole disorder is also frequently seen in those with ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Down Syndrome, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, epilepsy, Tourette syndrome, bipolar and anxiety disorders. I also see it in children with learning disabilities. It's thought that 10% of the population suffer from it, but it's difficult to know when it's not being recognized or tested. I believe the incidence is higher and that it may actually be causative in some of these disorders.
What are the symptoms?
Some of the hallmark symptoms of Pyrrole disorder are:
- mood swings
- anxiety
- social anxiety or social withdrawal
- difficulty handling stress
- no dream recall (will say "I don't dream") OR excessively vivid dream recall, recounting very detailed and often morbid or horrifying dreams with regularity
- irritability
- severe depression
- severe food cravings (for junk, especially chocolate)
- temper tantrums or meltdowns
- inner angst or tension
- cold sores or other skin conditions that don't fully heal or go away
- acne
- unexplained rashes on the body
- sensitivity to noises and light (startle easily, upset by loud events or stimulation)
- unusual stretch marks (acquired easily)
- burns easily in the sun or doesn't tan (pale)
- allergies and/or food allergies/ sensitivities
- joint pain
- premature graying
- weak immune system - frequent infections
- bowel troubles (both extremes and IBS)
- bloating or pot belly
- sleep problems
- low appetite
- disordered sense of smell
- white spots on the nails
- difficulty learning and concentrating
- poor memory
- repeated colds or inability to recover when sick
- easy bruising
One other really interesting symptom is a sweet, fruity smell on the breath. It's very distinct and unusual.
How is it diagnosed?
To be honest, it usually isn't. It can be diagnosed with a urine test called a kryptopyrrole test to see how many HPL molecules you have. If the pyrrole count is 20 mg/dL or above it's considered positive for the disorder. Some people's numbers are in the hundreds! If the count is 10-20 a person may still be symptomatic and they are considered borderline for the disorder. Below 10 is considered normal.
A hair mineral analysis also tells us if there is low zinc or an excess of zinc excretion, and what the copper level is. Copper and zinc need to be in a very specific range to be in balance, so avoiding a multivitamin with copper is essential for these people. A thorough case history and symptomatology can also be a strong indicator. If the symptoms exist and the person is not getting these nutrients amply in the diet, it's likely they will benefit from the addition of the lacking nutrients. The good news is the problem is rather simple to correct, but my advice is to always have a hair and dietary analysis to guide personalized treatment.
Which supplements help correct it
Pyroluria treatment usually consists of supplementation with B6, zinc picolinate, magnesium, CLA (a fatty acid), manganese (especially if there are tremors), food based vitamin E, and a B complex. In my practice I frequently add probiotic foods to the treatment to address the role the gut biome plays in excessive HPL, and add in amino acids specific to the client's needs. Amino acids are the backbone of neurotransmitters and are essential for treating mood disorders. Wheat and gluten are removed if Celiac disease is suspected.
In my son's case, the symptoms abated slowly but a new one emerged with treatment. He went around picking things up and sniffing them. The psychiatrist wanted to diagnose him with OCD but Dr. Hoffer dismissed that saying, "He's getting his sense of smell back. Zinc is responsible for our sense of smell. Take him to one of those soap stores and let him experience different smells and the sniffing will pass soon enough." Dr. Hoffer was correct. Had I not had him to consult my son would have had yet another diagnosis and more medication added to his care. I wonder how many people this happens to.
In Marla's case, adding the supplements and a superfood protein smoothie once a day turned things around. Benefits were noticed in under six weeks and by eight it was clear the problem was really improving. This is remarkable, given how long it takes to get improvement from pharmaceutical therapies for mood and anxiety disorders. It begs the question why don't we start with nutrition and deficiencies first?
If you or anyone you know is suffering from suicidal feelings there are help lines to call in a crisis. But I hope after reading this you won't forget the importance of nutrition for long term care! Thank you to 'Marla' for allowing me to share her daughter's story. As always, if readers have their own health questions, I welcome them! Just send me an email at [email protected]. And if you're looking for more specific health information check out my website at hopenotdope.ca.
Nonie Nutritionista
|
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: Exploring the Capital of the Land of the Eternal Blue Sky
Nestled amidst the vast Mongolian steppe, Ulaanbaatar stands as the vibrant capital city of Mongolia, offering a fascinating blend of ancient traditions and modern developments. As the cultural, economic, and political hub of the country, Ulaanbaatar beckons visitors with its rich history, unique culture, and breathtaking natural landscapes. In this research, we will delve into the enchanting allure of Ulaanbaatar, uncovering its iconic landmarks, cultural heritage, and the distinctive experiences it offers to travelers.
A Glimpse of History: Discovering Ulaanbaatar's Historic Sites
Ulaanbaatar boasts a wealth of historic sites that offer a glimpse into Mongolia's storied past. The Gandantegchinlen Monastery, one of the largest Buddhist monasteries in Mongolia, is a serene oasis in the heart of the city, with its ornate temples, colorful prayer flags, and sacred relics that provide a spiritual retreat for visitors. The Bogd Khan Winter Palace, once the residence of the last Mongolian emperor, is now a museum that showcases the country's royal heritage, with its opulent furnishings, exquisite artwork, and well-preserved artifacts offering insight into the lives of Mongolia's ruling elite. Additionally, the Zaisan Memorial, perched atop a hill overlooking the city, pays homage to Mongolia's Soviet-era history, with its Soviet-style architecture, panoramic views, and imposing statue of a Soviet soldier commemorating the country's role in World War II.
Cultural Treasures: Immersing Oneself in Ulaanbaatar's Arts and Traditions
Ulaanbaatar is a city rich in cultural heritage, with a vibrant arts scene and a deep-rooted tradition of music, dance, and storytelling. The National Museum of Mongolia, located in the heart of the city, is home to a vast collection of artifacts, artworks, and archaeological finds that trace the country's history from prehistoric times to the present day. The museum's exhibits, which include ancient artifacts, traditional costumes, and nomadic dwellings, offer visitors a comprehensive overview of Mongolia's rich cultural heritage and nomadic way of life. Additionally, Ulaanbaatar is a center for traditional Mongolian music and dance, with performances held at venues such as the State Opera and Ballet Theatre and the National Song and Dance Ensemble, where visitors can experience the haunting melodies and graceful movements of Mongolia's traditional arts.
Nomadic Spirit: Exploring Ulaanbaatar's Outdoor Adventures
Surrounded by vast expanses of wilderness and rolling grasslands, Ulaanbaatar offers endless opportunities for outdoor adventures and exploration. The nearby Terelj National Park, with its rugged mountains, pristine rivers, and nomadic herders' camps, is a popular destination for hiking, horseback riding, and camping, providing visitors with a chance to experience Mongolia's untamed beauty and nomadic lifestyle firsthand. The Gorkhi-Terelj National Park, located just a short drive from the city center, is home to the iconic Turtle Rock and Aryabal Meditation Temple, as well as a wide range of outdoor activities such as rock climbing, birdwatching, and hot air ballooning. Additionally, Ulaanbaatar is a gateway to the Gobi Desert, one of the world's largest and most remote deserts, where visitors can explore towering sand dunes, ancient dinosaur fossils, and nomadic settlements on guided tours and expeditions.
Culinary Delights: Savoring Ulaanbaatar's Flavors
Ulaanbaatar's culinary scene reflects its diverse cultural influences and nomadic heritage, with a wide range of traditional dishes and international cuisines to suit every taste. The city's bustling markets, such as the Narantuul Market and the State Department Store, are treasure troves of local delicacies, from hearty soups and stews to grilled meats and dairy products, with vendors selling everything from camel milk tea to fried dumplings. For those seeking a taste of luxury, Ulaanbaatar is home to a growing number of upscale restaurants and cafes that offer gourmet cuisine and international fare, with menus featuring ingredients sourced from Mongolia's pristine wilderness and local farms. Additionally, the city's vibrant tea culture, with its cozy tea houses and aromatic brews, provides the perfect opportunity for visitors to relax and unwind while sampling traditional Mongolian snacks and sweets.
Conclusion: Ulaanbaatar's Enduring Charm
In conclusion, Ulaanbaatar captivates visitors with its historic sites, cultural treasures, outdoor adventures, and culinary delights, making it a captivating and enchanting destination that resonates with history, culture, and natural beauty. Whether exploring its ancient monasteries, immersing oneself in its traditional arts, or savoring its flavors, visitors to Ulaanbaatar are sure to encounter a city that inspires and delights at every turn. With its blend of ancient traditions and modern developments, Ulaanbaatar invites travelers from around the world to experience its unique blend of Mongolian hospitality, warmth, and nomadic spirit, and create memories that will last a lifetime.
|
Preventative Measures Can Minimize Cancer Risk
- Comedian Wanda Sykes, 60, chose to undergo a preventative (also called prophylactic) mastectomy, which involves the removal of breast tissue to reduce the risk of breast cancer after she was diagnosed with the disease in 2011. Afterward, she said she wanted "zero chance" of having breast cancer.
- A prophylactic, or preventative, mastectomy is an operation where breast tissue is removed to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer. Women with genetic predispositions, like a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, which increases their chances of breast and ovarian cancer, often consider this procedure.
- A new study published in the Journal of American College of Surgeons by researchers at UCLA Health found that Black women with cancer in one breast are less likely than white women to undergo a preventative mastectomy.
- Black women comprised roughly 71,000 of the nearly 597,000 women in the study. Overall, Black women were "35% less likely" to undergo a preventative mastectomy. At predominantly Black-serving hospitals, Black women were "17% less likely" to receive a preventative mastectomy.
"I had both breasts removed because now I have zero chance of having breast cancer," Sykes once shared with the "Ellen DeGeneres Show," according to CNN.
Read MoreWithin the study, UCLA researchers examined the disparity between Black women compared to white women receiving preventative mastectomies. Slightly more than 597,000 women participated in the study between 2004 and 2020, with nearly 71,000 being Black.
Among the group of women studied, overall, Black women were 35 percent less likely to undergo a preventative mastectomy. At predominantly Black-serving hospitals, Black women were 17 percent less likely to receive a preventative mastectomy.
"Our findings that Black-serving hospitals are less likely to perform CPM suggest these racial disparities are encoded structurally. We need to examine the systems-level factors affecting the care of Black women and address the deeper causes of structural racism to ultimately lead to equitable outcomes for all patients," Amulya Vadlakonda, the study's lead author at David Geffen School of Medicine, told UCLA Health.
The study draws added attention to racial disparities in healthcare and the need to Close the Gap regarding access to cancer care.
SurvivorNet strives to highlight racial and socioeconomic disparities impacting access to quality healthcare. We need to come together to discuss the critical blockers that prevent people in minority populations from accessing cancer care, engaging in basic preventive behaviors, and taking part in clinical trials. By working together and collaborating with partners like NYU, we at SurvivorNet believe we can move the needle. We hope to Close the Gap and help create a future free from healthcare inequality.
Expert Resources on Mastectomies
What to Consider When Weighing Preventive Mastectomy?
A prophylactic, or preventative, mastectomy is an operation where the breast tissue is removed to prevent cancer from developing in the future.
"Risk-reducing mastectomies are an operation where we take women at, usually, very high-risk for getting breast cancer for genetic mutation carriers, who are the ones at the highest risk; there's unfortunately only one way to actually prevent breast cancer," Dr. Elisa Port, Chief of Breast Surgery at Mount Sinai Health System, tells SurvivorNet.
"Women who are found to test positive for a genetic mutation really have two options," Dr. Port explains. "One is what's called high-risk surveillance, which means we check them every six months or so mammograms, MRIs with the hope that if God forbid, they develop breast cancer, we pick it up early. But that's not prevention; it's early detection.
"Early detection is a goal; it's not a guarantee. For the woman who wants to be more proactive about actually preventing breast cancer, or as we say reducing her risk, unfortunately, the only way to do that is to remove the actual tissue at risk, and that is the breast tissue," she adds.
Some women decide to have their breasts reconstructed and have implants put in right after the mastectomy, while others don't have reconstruction at all.
The benefits of a prophylactic or preventative surgery are:
- Significant reduction in cancer risk (from 80-90% to 1-2%)
- Nipples can often be spared
- Women can get reconstruction at the same time
- What Goes into Deciding to Get a Mastectomy?
When a woman decides to have a mastectomy, several factors go into that decision. Among things to consider is whether to have breast-conserving surgery such as a lumpectomy. These decisions should be made alongside your doctor by openly and candidly discussing risks vs. benefits.
"A double mastectomy typically takes about two hours for the cancer part of the operation, the removing of the tissue," Dr. Port said.
"The real length, the total length of the surgery, can often depend on what type of reconstruction [a patient] has," Dr. Port continued.
Other factors that weigh into the decision to get a mastectomy are the size and features of the tumor and your family history. However, the gravity of your decision comes into full view, especially if you choose to get a mastectomy and remove both of your breasts.
WATCH: Regaining your sense of self after reconstruction.
Some women decide to have their breasts reconstructed and have implants put in right after the mastectomy, while others don't have reconstruction at all.
Dr. Port added that most women opt to have some reconstruction. The length of these surgeries can vary greatly. When implants are used, the procedure can take two to three hours (so the total surgery time would be around five hours). There is also the option to take one's own tissue (usually from the belly area) and transfer it into the breast area during reconstruction.
How to Choose the Right Surgeon?
Surgical procedures such as a double mastectomy can be an emotional part of a woman's breast cancer journey. Choosing the right surgeon is extremely important for such a heavy part of the process.
SurvivorNet doctors say women should trust their gut when choosing a surgeon.
"You shouldn't just ask surgeons how many operations they've performed because volume is not necessarily the best indicator of the right surgeon for you. On the other hand, you don't want a surgeon who is inexperienced," urologic oncologist Dr. Jay Shah said.
Above all, Dr. Shah says people who are faced with a choice of surgeons should go with someone they can trust.
Wanda Sykes' Breast Cancer Journey
Wanda Sykes was diagnosed with stage zero breast cancer (or ductal carcinoma in situ – DCIS) in 2011. While going for a breast reduction, tests found that she had DCIS in her left breast, CNN reported.
DCIS has two important factors: It hasn't spread to other parts of the body, and the risk of death is essentially zero.
The mother of two shared her diagnosis on "The Ellen DeGeneres Show" after having a double mastectomy, which is the removal of both of her breasts. She also underwent reconstruction after the mastectomy.
WATCH: What happens during a double mastectomy?
"A double mastectomy typically takes about two hours for the cancer part of the operation, the removing of the tissue," Dr. Port said.
"The real length, the total length of the surgery, can often depend on what type of reconstruction [a patient] has," Dr. Port continued.
Afterward, some women decide to have their breasts reconstructed and have implants put in, while others don't have reconstruction at all.
It should be noted that a double mastectomy may not be the recommended treatment for others with DCIS. Choosing the right treatment is a very personal decision, and you should discuss your options with your doctor.
Although Sykes eventually went public with her breast cancer battle, it took her several months before she started telling others about it.
Sykes' decision to wait to share such a personal health experience is completely normal, says Dr. Lori Plutchik.
Dr. Plutchik told SurvivorNet that some people feel comfortable sharing the information widely with family, friends, and others.
"Other people are much more private about it," she says, "And there is no one right way to handle this diagnosis.
"People should do what feels right to them," she said.
In the years following her breast cancer diagnosis, Sykes has been an advocate for breast cancer awareness by doing PSAs promoting early detection through mammograms and self-exams. During her PSA, she announced she's still "cancer-free."
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
If you're facing the option of having a mastectomy, here are some questions to consider asking your doctor:
- What can I do to prepare for a double mastectomy?
- What happens before and after the procedure?
- For reconstruction, what are the benefits of using implants over my own tissue and vice versa?
- What should I know about implants? Should I opt for preventative surgery?
- What will recovery look like after the procedure?
- What are the benefits of a watch & wait approach vs. preventative surgery?
- What kind of surveillance is required after the surgery?
Learn more about SurvivorNet's rigorous medical review process.
|
The rise of photography as an artistic discipline during the 19th century inspired multiple generations of photographers to experiment with various techniques to improve long exposure times and image quality. Surely these were the beginnings of William Mumler, who went on to produce multiple photographs of spirits throughout his career and went down in history as the doyen of ghost photography.
SEE ALSO: 7 Stories of People Waking Up After Being Declared Dead
The big business of spirit photography.
Mumler was born in 1832 and began as an ornament engraver in Boston, United States. However, this man's true passion was photography, which at that time was beginning to consolidate. The first photograph of a ghost he obtained, in his own words, resulted from an accident while testing new chemicals to develop a photographic plate in a friend's studio.
After taking a photograph of himself (did you think the selfie was a modern invention?), he almost goes backwards when he develops it and finds a woman sitting next to him. According to the story published in a local newspaper on November 21, 1862, detailing Mumler's strange pastime, he mentioned experiencing a "peculiar sensation of trembling in his right arm" while holding the image he had just revealed. Afterward, he was overcome by an intense sense of exhaustion. Upon first looking at the photograph, he not only concluded that he had captured a ghost, but identified it as the spirit of a deceased cousin.
Inquiring about their experience with some spiritualists in the city, these individuals took advantage of the discovery and requested photographs of themselves. Among several dozen photographs Mumler took, only a few revealed additional images of individuals the spiritualists recognized as deceased family members or acquaintances. Overall, the quality of these photographs was much more precarious than what Mumler could achieve with live models. What's more, there were people who requested multiple photographs, but the ghostly characters revealed were rarely the same.
A well-crafted hoax.
For many, Mumler's discovery was a revelation. The arguments of spiritualism seemed to be consolidated by finding a way to prove existence beyond death. Imagine people's excitement at knowing that their relatives, whom they thought they had lost forever, surrounded them all the time in their ghostly form. They were so delighted with this idea, that they simply rejected any suggestion that there might be any trickery behind it.
Dr. Ammi Brown, a supporter of William Mumler, told reporters that he had personally examined the photographer's device without finding any evidence to suggest fraud. As if that were not enough, he added: "If these photographs, supposedly images of spirits, are a scam, it is a hoax that surpasses the ingenuity of all conjurers and necromancers of the present and past."
After some skeptics accused Mumler of generating his photographs of ghosts by double exposure on photographic plates, he invited them to bring their own plates to the experiments, and sure enough, the spirits continued to appear on the developed plates. While some photographers reproduced the ghostly effect by superimposing two negatives and developing them in the same photograph, apparently no one was able to explain how Mumler could achieve the same thing with a single plate.
Photographs, ghosts and art.
These photographs were something to be admired. A man named Luther Parks requested one of these photographs of ghosts, which featured him and another, more subdued image of a beautiful female spirit with a wreath of flowers on her head. In another work, a woman identified only as "Mrs. Snow" appears next to a ghostly image of her deceased brother, holding a musical instrument in his hands (the man had been making such items all his life).
In another request, "Mr. Taylor" requested a photograph of his son, who recently passed away, sitting on one of his hands (which he held in the air while the image was taken). Evidently, in the photograph that Mumler delivered, the specter of a little boy appeared just as requested by the client.
However, it wasn't just family members who appeared in the ghost photographs. In one of the photographs of a "well-known citizen of Boston," the unmistakable image of the recently deceased statesman Daniel Webster was manifested. And while many of the ghostly images weren't easy to identify, most were convinced that the photographs featured dead relatives.
No one knew the technique used by Mumler to achieve those stunning photographs. In fact, other Boston photographers looked for ways to reproduce the technique using the same equipment, but the results were nowhere near it. One reporter went on to write an article from providing Mumler with his own photographic plate, to capturing the image, to developing it. In the end, the result was another ghost shot. The reporter concluded that the production of these spirit images was a mystery, and that their realization was something that neither deception research nor philosophy had the capacity to answer.
A supernatural gold mine.
However, Mumler wasn't the only one in the family who profited from the paranormal. Hannah, his wife, offered her own services as a medium and all kinds of cures for the client who requested it. This woman claimed to have channeled on multiple occasions to the famous physician Benjamin Rush, who supposedly provided her with various cures for a variety of diseases. Of course, the specter of Rush next to her in the multiple photographs her husband took of her cemented her popularity as a psychic.
By early 1863, Mumler's ghost photographs were already famous in America and Europe. The Photographic News, a popular London-based newspaper that published news about the world of photography, went so far as to review Mumler's work. Noting the "considerable interest" they had with the photographers, the editor added a note with the possibility that it was a fraud.
True, Mumler had built up a solid base of supporters, but the Photographic Society of America quickly took a stance declaring that "spirit resemblances are a fraud and gross deception." The British counterpart backed this decision. Also against Mumler were prominent skeptics, such as P.T. Barnum (a circus performer remembered for his notorious deceptions in the entertainment world). In 1866, Barnum published a book entitled Humbugs of the World in which he accused Mumler of being "pure smoke".
William Mumler goes to New York.
However, Mumler's ghostly photography business continued to grow, and he eventually moved to New York, where the most prominent photography experts could find no hint of fraud in Mumler's work. William Mumler could not have worked at a time more conducive to the success of his business. The U.S. had been plunged into an atrocious civil war resulting in thousands of deaths and, consequently, family members desperate to find any proof that there was life after death.
The huge industry that grew up around spirit photography in the aftermath of the war not only caused many to put aside their disbelief. Other photographers also began producing their own photographs of ghosts when they saw the juicy profits Mumler was making. This did not even affect the photographer's business, as the demand was huge and he had the luxury of charging much higher rates than the "non-spiritual" competition.
Although, not everything is forever. When New York Mayor A. Oakley Hall heard the rumors about Mumler's work, he immediately commissioned an investigation. Chief Marshal Joseph Tooker went undercover to Mumler's business and requested one of his ghost photographs. The result: an image of Tooker himself with a figure that would have been his father-in-law, according to Mumler himself. Tooker told him that the photograph "did not show anyone he had seen or known" and arrested him on charges of fraud and public deception.
The controversial trial of William Mumler.
In April 1869, Mumler appeared before Judge Joseph Dowling on two counts of fraud and one count of petty theft. According to the prosecutor, Mumler defrauded his clients "by means of tricks and devices with false pretenses, providing certain cards that he claimed were produced by spiritual and supernatural means, although he generated them with scientific and chemical means commonly used by individuals dedicated to the art of photography."
The contentious part for the prosecutor was determining whether Mumler had committed the fraud on purpose, although there was no doubt that he was responsible for inflating the prices of his labor. However, that trial turned into a battle of two camps: those who believed in spiritualism and those who were skeptical. And in the middle of all the controversy were Mumler's famous photographs.
This was the first criminal trial in which "ghost photographs" were presented as evidence. Thus, photography experts would analyze the way Mumler had created them to determine if he really had the ability to photograph the afterlife. Over the course of two weeks, more than twenty images underwent rigorous analysis.
The testimony of P.T. Barnum.
It is difficult to highlight the climactic moments of the trial, but without a doubt, the testimony of P.T. Barnum is among them. The consummate showman was extremely adept at captivating audiences, even in a courtroom, and he took advantage of this to convince them that Mumler's photographs were a hoax.
In addition, he noted that none of Mumler's clients seemed to have expressed curiosity that ghosts could dress in the same clothes that were fashionable on Earth. And, curiously, the clothes worn by the supposed dead evolved with the trends of the living, even though they had been underground for many years. He also recounted his experience with Mumler and how easily images could be faked.
Barnum's testimony captivated everyone present, including the press, so the defense attorney tried to delegitimize him by questioning him about how long he had been making a living by deception. Barnum deftly dodged the question, and then he was questioned about his numerous frauds. However, none of this had any effect and Barnum triumphantly descended from the stand.
The conclusion of the trial.
After the presentation of all the available evidence, both the defense and the prosecution closed with extensive arguments covering the details of all the issues that arose during the trial. Mumler's guilt about the fraud had already taken a back seat, and the debate seemed to focus on spiritualism, freedom of religion, the benefit that Mumler's photographs had brought to bereaved customers, and the distinction between belief and truth.
In the end, Judge Dowling concluded that while it was possible that Mumler had misled his clients, he was not in a position to hold him liable for the evidence provided by the witnesses. Thus, he determined that he would not send him to the Grand Jury and released him.
The Last Years of William Mumler.
Although Mumler remained in the spirit photography business, the press kept calling him a "con man." He returned to Boston deeply in debt as almost no one sought his services. Although this kind of photography enjoyed popularity for decades to come, the stigma around Mumler's name nearly led to his complete ruin. Even those old photographs, acquired at exorbitant prices, were sold for pennies on the dollar. He survived on ordinary photography and went so far as to invent a process for producing photoelectrotype plates.
However, he continued to take some ghost photographs. One of his most famous clients in the last years of his life was Mary Todd Lincoln, the widow of the American president who introduced herself as Mrs. Lindall. Although the man in the photograph bears little resemblance to Lincoln, Hannah's psychic intervention helped Mary convince her that he was her husband. This image provided Mumler with some breathing room and brought him new customers.
In May 1885, ghost photographer William H. Mumler died. His photographs of spirits were widely distributed in spiritualist circles after his departure, although most experts in modern photography disproved these works as forgeries.
|
What is hairline pigmentation?
Scalp Micropigmentation is a non-invasive treatment that uses detailed micro-needles to deposit pigment into the scalp. The result creates the appearance of tiny hair follicles that help thicken and restore the look of fuller hair.
What is scalp hyperpigmentation?
Scalp Micropigmentation (SMP) is a cosmetic tattoo procedure where natural pigment is applied to the epidermal layer of the scalp via a needle with the aim to add density and replicate the appearance of natural hair follicles.
What causes a Mallen streak?
A white/grey streak is known as a Mallen streak and it is an example of poliosis – which in short means an absence of melanin in the hair which results in a white streak. Throughout history, the streak has become synonymous with evil – think X Men's Rogue or the Bride of Frankenstein.
What is piebald hair?
Piebaldism is a condition characterized by the absence of cells called melanocytes in certain areas of the skin and hair. Melanocytes produce the pigment melanin, which contributes to hair, eye, and skin color. The absence of melanocytes leads to patches of skin and hair that are lighter than normal.
Is hair pigmentation permanent?
Scalp Micropigmentation is a form of permanent cosmetics or permanent makeup. Often referred to as a cosmetic hair or scalp tattoo, this treatment typically lasts 4-6 years. After that time, a client may experience some slight fading, to which they can come back in for a quick touch up.
What is micro pigment?
Micropigmentation, also known as permanent makeup, permanent cosmetics or cosmetic tattooing, is a cosmetic procedure used to improve or replace lost coloring on your skin. Micropigmentation is most often used on your face – to enhance eyebrows, eyelashes, eyelids (as eyeliner) and lips.
What is SMP scalp micropigmentation?
Scalp Micropigmentation (SMP) is a procedure that is used to create the illusion of shaved hair, stubble, or greater density in hair-bearing areas that have lost hair or require augmentation.
Is a Mallen Streak rare?
The truth is out – their hair wasn't highlighted, they have a rare hair condition called Poliosis. This rare condition is the decrease or absence of melanin (or color) in head hair, eyebrows or eyelashes. Otherwise known as a "Mallen Streak" – this look is hereditary.
Can you dye a Mallen streak?
Mallen streaks can be dyed over if desired, but lately many are choosing to keep the look or even enhance it further with highlighting.
Can you dye piebaldism?
Although the depigmented areas of piebaldism are benign and stable, the appearance can be socially and psychologically debilitating for some patients. Treatment is challenging and focuses on improving cosmesis. Although temporary, cosmetic camouflage (make-up) and hair dye can improve quality of life.
What is scalp micropigmentation cost?
The price of SMP varies depending on how much of your scalp needs to be covered. Cohen says each treatment typically between runs between $400 and $1,000. Micropigmentation is considered semipermanent.
What are the most common pigmentation disorders?
Pigmentation: Abnormal Pigmentation. Birthmarks and other pigmentation disorders affect many people. Some of the most common are pigmented birthmarks, macular stains, hemangiomas, port wine stains, while disorders include albinism, melasma, vitiligo and pigmentation loss due to skin damage.
What is the pathophysiology of pigment disorders?
Pigmentation disorders are often more troublesome in skin of colour. The pigment cells or melanocytes are located at the base of the epidermis and produce the protein melanin. Melanin is carried by keratinocytes to the skin surface.
What is scalp micropigmentation?
Scalp Micropigmentation is an extremely intricate procedure, and because it is a form of tattooing, you leave our office with immediate, permanent results. Each client's needs are unique. At Hairline Ink, during each treatment our pigment is tailored to your exact hair color and type.
Why are pigment disorders more common in dark-skinned people?
Pigmentation disorders are often more troublesome in skin of colour. The melanocytes ( pigment cells) are located at the base of the epidermis and produce the protein melanin. Melanin is carried by keratinocytes to the skin surface. The melanocytes of dark-skinned people produce more melanin than those of people with light skin.
|
Understanding the Importance of a Business Strategy Review for Enterprise Value Growth
Success in business isn't just about the numbers on the balance sheet; it's about laying the groundwork for a prosperous tomorrow. A pivotal concept in this journey is "enterprise value." But what exactly does this term mean, and how can it be harnessed to ensure the enduring growth and vitality of a business? The answer lies in the meticulous process of a "business strategy review," a strategic practice that can illuminate the path to unlocking a company's full potential and increasing its enterprise value.
Understanding "enterprise value" is akin to discovering the hidden treasure within a business. It's not merely about the apparent riches, such as the stock price or market capitalization; it's a holistic evaluation encompassing the intricacies of financial assets, debts, and more. Enterprise value signifies what a potential acquirer would need to invest to seize full control of a company – a profound gauge of a company's true worth.
In this article, we delve deep into the symbiotic relationship between a business strategy review and the growth of enterprise value. We will explore the fundamental concepts, the areas of focus during a review, the recommended frequency of these assessments, and how each facet contributes to enhancing a company's enterprise value. So, let's embark on a journey to unravel the significance of a business strategy review and its pivotal role in steering businesses toward greater success and higher enterprise value.
What is Enterprise Value in Business?
Enterprise value (EV) is a crucial metric that reflects the overall worth of a business. It goes beyond the simple evaluation of a company's stock price and market capitalization. Instead, it takes into account a range of factors, including debt, cash, and other financial assets, to provide a more comprehensive picture of a company's true value. In essence, it represents the price an acquirer would have to pay to take full control of a business.
What is a Business Strategy Review?
A business strategy review is a systematic evaluation of a company's current strategies, processes, and performance to determine their effectiveness and identify areas for improvement. It's like taking a step back to see the bigger picture and ensuring that the company is on the right path to achieving its long-term objectives. This review involves analyzing various aspects of the business to make informed decisions for the future.
Areas of Focus for a Business Strategy Review
A comprehensive business strategy review should consider several key areas:
1. Market Analysis: Understanding the competitive landscape and market trends is crucial. It helps a company identify opportunities and threats, enabling them to adapt and refine their strategies accordingly.
2. Financial Performance: A deep dive into financial statements, including revenue, expenses, and profit margins, allows businesses to pinpoint areas where cost reduction or revenue enhancement is needed.
3. Operational Efficiency: Assessing the efficiency of internal operations and processes can help streamline workflows, reduce wastage, and enhance productivity.
4. Customer and Stakeholder Feedback: Gathering feedback from customers and stakeholders provides valuable insights into what is working and what needs improvement in terms of products, services, and relationships.
5. Competitive Positioning: Evaluating the company's competitive advantages and disadvantages helps in crafting strategies that can outperform competitors.
How Often Should a Business Strategy Review Be Done?
The frequency of a business strategy review can vary depending on the industry, company size, and external factors. However, it's generally advisable to conduct a thorough review at least annually. For larger organizations or those in rapidly changing industries, more frequent reviews (quarterly or semi-annually) may be necessary to stay agile and competitive.
Connecting the Dots Between a Business Strategy Review and an Increase in Enterprise Value:
How Does Each Area Lead to an Increase in Enterprise Value?
1. Market Analysis: By staying attuned to market trends and customer needs, a company can identify growth opportunities early. Strategic moves based on this analysis can lead to increased revenue and market share, directly impacting enterprise value.
2. Financial Performance: Optimizing financial performance through cost control and revenue growth positively affects profitability, which, in turn, enhances enterprise value. A business that generates consistent profits is more valuable to investors and potential acquirers.
3. Operational Efficiency: Streamlining operations reduces costs and maximizes resource utilization. This efficiency improvement often results in higher profitability, contributing to an increase in enterprise value.
4. Customer and Stakeholder Feedback: Actively listening to customers and stakeholders allows a business to make targeted improvements in products and services. Enhanced customer satisfaction can lead to increased loyalty and revenue, thereby boosting enterprise value.
5. Competitive Positioning: Crafting strategies that capitalize on competitive advantages strengthens a company's market position. This can lead to higher revenue and profitability, both of which drive enterprise value upward.
A business strategy review is not merely an optional task; it is a critical component of long-term success. Regularly assessing and refining your strategies in the key areas mentioned can lead to a significant increase in enterprise value. By doing so, businesses ensure they are not only thriving today but also building a foundation for a prosperous future in the ever-evolving world of commerce. So, don't underestimate the power of a well-executed business strategy review in achieving your goals.
If you are an entrepreneur or a CEO interested in increasing the value of your business, join us for our next Business Strategy Exit Planning Workshop.
Follow the link below for more information:
Unlocking Success: Utilizing the Key Drivers of Enterprise Value in Business Strategy Review
At the Exit Success Lab we help businesses stay ahead of the competition while maintaining and growing their enterprise value. To navigate this complex terrain successfully, businesses need a structured approach. The business strategy review is a vital process that assesses and refines strategies to achieve long-term sustainability. To conduct an effective review, companies can turn to the ten key drivers of enterprise value, which offer a comprehensive framework for evaluating and improving every facet of their operations.
The Essence of Enterprise Value
Enterprise value is a multifaceted concept that encapsulates the worth of a business beyond its balance sheet. It represents the future profitability, growth potential, and overall health of the organization. To bolster enterprise value, companies must pay attention to a diverse range of factors, each of which contributes to the overall picture.
The Ten Drivers of Enterprise Value
1. Revenue Diversity: Relying too heavily on a single revenue stream can be risky. Companies must assess their revenue mix to ensure it's diversified enough to withstand market fluctuations.
2. Leadership Development and Management Succession Planning: Strong leadership is essential for sustained success. Effective leadership development and succession planning ensure a continuous flow of capable leaders to drive the company forward.
3. Financial Condition: A strong financial foundation is critical. Reviewing financial metrics such as liquidity, debt levels, and profitability can identify areas for improvement.
4. Operations Standard Operating Procedures: Consistency in operations is key to efficiency. Well-defined standard operating procedures can streamline processes, reduce errors, and enhance overall performance.
5. Human Resources Best Practices: Employees are a company's greatest asset. Best HR practices encompass recruitment, training, retention, and employee engagement, all of which influence enterprise value.
6. Legal Exposure: Legal issues can erode enterprise value. A comprehensive review should assess the company's legal compliance, contracts, and potential liabilities.
7. Brand Reputation: Brand equity is invaluable. Maintaining a positive reputation in the eyes of customers, stakeholders, and the public is essential for long-term success.
8. Sales and Marketing Systems and Support: Effective sales and marketing strategies drive revenue growth. Companies should evaluate their sales and marketing systems, including customer relationship management tools and support resources.
9. Market/Industry/Supplier Risk: External factors can pose significant risks. A thorough analysis of market, industry, and supplier risks can help companies proactively address potential challenges.
10. Cyber Security and Technology Systems: In the digital age, cybersecurity is paramount. Ensuring the integrity of technology systems protects sensitive data and preserves enterprise value.
The Business Strategy Review Process
A business strategy review is a systematic process that incorporates the key drivers of enterprise value. It begins with a comprehensive assessment of each driver's current state and its alignment with the company's strategic objectives. The review should involve cross-functional teams and external experts when necessary to gain diverse perspectives.
Once the assessment is complete, the next step is to develop a tailored action plan. This plan should prioritize improvements in areas where the review identified weaknesses or opportunities for enhancement. It should also define clear KPIs to measure progress.
Enhancing Enterprise Value through Business Strategy Review
By leveraging the ten key drivers of enterprise value in a business strategy review, organizations can position themselves for sustained success. Regular reviews ensure that strategies remain aligned with market dynamics, mitigating risks and capitalizing on opportunities. In doing so, companies strengthen their enterprise value, demonstrating their commitment to long-term growth and stability in an ever-changing business environment.
Enhancing Enterprise Value: Leveraging External Consultants in Business Strategy Review
While most CEOs agree that the most powerful approach to improving enterprise value is through a business strategy review, there's a strong rationale for engaging an external consultant in this process. Let's explore the compelling reasons why companies should consider collaborating with external consultants to conduct a business strategy review and, in turn, elevate their enterprise value.
The Complex Challenge of Enterprise Value
Enterprise value goes beyond mere financial metrics; it encapsulates a company's overall health, growth potential, and market position. It encompasses a wide array of factors, from revenue streams and operational efficiency to leadership and brand reputation. Navigating this intricate landscape necessitates a comprehensive and unbiased assessment.
The Benefits of External Expertise
1. Unbiased Perspective: External consultants bring an impartial perspective to the table. Free from internal biases or preconceived notions, they can objectively evaluate the company's strengths and weaknesses, a crucial aspect of the business strategy review.
2. Diverse Experience: Seasoned consultants have worked with a variety of organizations spanning different industries. This breadth of exposure equips them with a wealth of knowledge and innovative strategies that can be customized to meet your unique needs.
3. Specialized Skills: Consultants often specialize in different facets of business strategy, such as market analysis, financial planning, or organizational development. You can harness their specialized skills to address specific challenges.
4. Fresh Insights: External consultants can provide fresh viewpoints and insights that internal teams may overlook. They challenge the status quo and promote out-of-the-box thinking, fostering innovation in the business strategy review process.
5. Efficiency: An external consultant can expedite the review process. They employ established methodologies and tools to streamline assessments, ensuring a more rapid turnaround compared to an internal team.
In the journey to enhance enterprise value through a business strategy review, external consultants play a pivotal role. Their impartial perspective, diverse experience, specialized skills, fresh insights, and efficiency make them invaluable collaborators. By harnessing external expertise, companies can navigate the complexities of the contemporary business landscape with confidence, ultimately achieving higher enterprise value and ensuring long-term sustainability. When contemplating a business strategy review, consider the external insights that can propel your organization to new heights of success.
- Business Valuation for Dummies: How to Increase Business Value - February 15, 2024
- Business Valuation: Insider Secrets They Don't Want You To Know - January 22, 2024
- ESOPs vs. Employee Ownership Trusts: Which is Best For Your Business? - January 20, 2024
|
Key Results & Achievements
MERG's task at the outset of ZikaPLAN was to establish two multicentric cohorts: one of pregnant women with an episode of rash during pregnancy and the second, a cohort of children with suspected prenatal exposure to Zika virus (ZIKV).
"We are examining the social component and impact on families where a child is affected with microcephaly to understand how the quality of life is affected; the impact on divorce and unemployment but also on everyday loss of sleep, depression and difficulties with child care."
Prof. Laura Rodrigues, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Congenital Zika implications for pregnant women
Out of the women who were identified with rash during pregnancy, a substantial proportion of them had detectable virus at the time of testing. Additional women were identified as ZIKV-positive by immunological testing. These data were used to determine the attack rate of Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) by gestational week of infection and the prevalence of adverse birth outcomes associated with Zika infection in pregnancy. Moreover, a manuscript describing a novel algorithm for defining cases of maternal ZIKV infection in pregnancy and its application to the cohort study was accepted by PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.
Given the decline in Zika incidence, the active recruitment of pregnant women with rash was discontinued in 2017. Instead, benefiting from possibly the largest cohort of affected children in Brazil, ongoing studies and follow up of neonates were intensified.
Congenital Zika implications for neonates
Children with microcephaly and other clinical manifestations of CZS were monitored over the first three years of life and the data used to describe the full spectrum of CZS including neurodevelopmental milestones.
A task force of clinical specialists carried out the follow-up evaluation and monitoring of the wellbeing of these children. Significant results from neuroimaging and Bayley III testing in the Rio de Janeiro-based cohort indicated higher odds of having a Bayley-III score 2 SD below the mean among children with abnormal versus normal brain imaging. These findings were published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Further to this, functional impairments (feeding behaviours and a worsening of nutritional status) during the critical first 1000 days of development were observed among children with ZIKV-related microcephaly and these results were published in Nutrition Journal.
The research carried out also indicated that, even in the absence of microcephaly, a subset of infants with prenatal ZIKV exposure had impaired motor function compared with their neurotypical, unexposed peers. These results were published in JAMA Network Open.
Evaluation of the social and economic impact
A further subset of maternal-child dyads was evaluated to estimate the social impact and costs (e.g., on livelihood, occupation, mental health, and health service needs) of raising a child with congenital exposure to ZIKV.
In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted in Brazil with healthcare professionals, men and women in the community, pregnant women and mothers and caregivers of children with CZS. Substantial economic impacts of CZS were noted at household, population and societal levels. Direct costs borne by affected families and costs to the healthcare system were shown to be significantly higher for children with CZS than for those unaffected by CVS.
Greater levels of depression and anxiety were noted among the caregivers of children with CZS, and, in a context of widespread social and economic deprivation, these caregivers reported that having a child with severe disabilities was just one of many difficulties in their lives. They also indicated major gaps in the health system and women reported a lack of the information and services (including access to legal abortion) needed to adequately control their fertility.
Moreover, in the absence of established evidence about CZS, healthcare professionals struggled to provide information and care for the children, and, in turn, caregivers expressed a lack of trust in these professionals. Trust and support came mostly from peer groups, especially from other mothers with affected children.
Cohort data from the MERG Working Group have been used to inform the harmonized Latin American-wide guidelines for the management of severe illness caused by Zika and have contributed to the joint statistical analysis with ZikAlliance and ZikAction. Findings have also provided support for the development of a platform for future vaccine and drug studies.
Close collaboration with the REDe Research Capacity Network was important to bolster scientific capacity in Brazil and to prepare for any future emerging severe infectious threats.
Where MERG and NEURO-ZIKA are active
Participating Organisations
Group leader: Dr. Elizabeth B. Brickley, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
- Umeå University
- Queen Mary University of London
- Ulster University
- Associação Técnica–Científica de Estudo Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformações Congênitas
- Fundação Oswaldo Fiocruz
- Universidade de Pernambuco
|
The library has recently acquired access to an extended range of historic newspapers via the Gale Primary Sources Database. In this blog post, second year English Language student, Holly Myers will tell us more about the collections and how they helped her to look at veganism through the eyes of the media.
What's new on the block?
This year sees the arrival of more historic newspapers in Gale Primary Sources. These enable a more rounded view of UK media reporting as they include a range of political perspectives. Here is a breakdown of the new titles:
- The Daily Mail Historical Archive (1896-2004): A British newspaper established in 1896.
- The Mirror Historical Archive (1903-2000): A left-wing mainstream newspaper.
- The Financial Times Historical Archive (1888-2021): A daily business newspaper. The paper focuses on financial and economic journalism rather than general world news. To read current issues, try FT.com.
- The Telegraph (1855-2016): Despite launching as an affordable newspaper in 1855, this paper is primarily directed at a wealthy, well-educated readership. The archive includes both The Daily Telegraph and The Sunday Telegraph.
- The Economist Historical Archive (1843-2020): A British weekly newspaper that was founded in 1843. It focuses on current affairs, international business and politics.
- The Independent (1986-2012): Launched in 1986, the paper often takes a strong view on British politics and has campaigned in issues relating to drug legislation and the environment.
- The Illustrated London News (1842-2003): Since the first release in 1842, the publication has reported on British and world events such as news on war, the arts, and science.
- The International Herald Tribune (1887-2013): An English language newspaper published in France for international English-speaking readers.
Where can I find them?
The historic newspapers can be found online by:
- Going to Library Search via the university website or the Assist menu in you Blackboard.
- Then, log in using you CCCU [email protected] and your password.
- Finally, select Find Databases A-Z, click on G and choose Gale Primary Sources.
How could you use the newspapers?
With the additional newspapers added to the database, there is a greater opportunity to look across both the broad sheets and tabloids and use the material for your degree and interests. My interest is in sustainability so I have decided use this use this archive to look at how veganism has been portrayed historically by the media.
To do this I firstly advance searched the terms 'vegan', 'veganism', 'plant-based' and looked at the most commonly used words in articles published when searching the terms above. When using the Gale Primary Sources Database, you can search across all titles and easily see these words presented in a chart. The charts below show the words often used in articles about veganism (A) and the frequency of the terms (B). From the charts, you can click on specific time periods and see all the publications realised that year. If you're looking to at the words used, then you can click on the individual words and see all the papers that have them in.
(A): Topic Finder Tile Visualization Tool
(B): Term Frequency Chart
The frequency in which veganism is written about has risen dramatically since the 1990's. This could be due to the recognition of climate change and debates opening up on how to prevent it, as well people wanting to do their part to live a more sustainable lifestyle. However, when looking at the words used the most often in articles about veganism, we can see that they are words often associated with diets, celebrities and the food industry, rather than aspects relating to climate change or sustainability. Possibly suggesting that the media is more interested in the health effects of eating a vegan diet, rather than sustainability aspects. After reading some of the articles using these words, it was noticeable that when the term 'vegan' appeared in the title of article relating to a person it was often mentioned that they were vegan when their diet had no relation to the story. Here veganism could be seen to be a determining personality factor of what makes a person the way they are, rather than a lifestyle choice.
So give it a try …
I'd really recommend trying Gale newspapers to help you answer some of your research questions. It's a great tool for a window into the recent past.
This blog post was written by Holly Myers whilst on a work placement with Augustine House Library. During her placement, Holly was able to explore her interest in sustainability further by helping out with the Eco-hope and Slow Fashion events as well as create social media about the Refillable Van which visits the library on the last Thursday of the month. Thank you to all the staff who supported her during her placement.
|
Reusable Medical Devices
For the present guidlelines reusable medical device (RMD) means:
- an item that is not intended by its manufacturer for single use.
A medical device designated or inrtended by the manufacturer as suitable for reprocessing.
The reprocessing of single use medical device is outside the scope of theses guidelines.
Medical device regulations vary between regions. Some items may not be registered as medical devices in some regions.
Sterilization is intended to renders the reusable medical device (RMD) free from viable microorganisms.
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)
OHS deals with all aspects of health and safety in the workplace and has a strong focus on primary prevention of hazards (WHO : 2016)
Spaulding classification
The Spaulding classification qualify the RMD as non critical when they touch intact skin, semi-critical when they are brought in contact with mucous membranes and critical when they enter sterile body cavities. Processing requirements increase with level of risk involved in their use.
Point of use reprocessing
Processing operation performed at point of use of the Reusable Medical Device (i.e. operating theatre or care unit)
Combination of all technical and associated administrative actions intended to keep equipment at a state in which it can perform its required function, or restore it to such a state (ISO 11139 : 2018)
Water quality
Chemical, physical, biological, and radiological characteristics of water used for cleaning, disinfection, rinsing and steam sterilization of RMD.
Air quality
Levels of purity of ambient air and compressed air used for drying
Fixative properties
Some sterilizing, cleaning and disinfecting formulations are known to favor the adherence and resistance of proteins, including prion on RMD surfaces.
Prion is a small proteinaceous infectious unit that appear in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and scrapie. They derive from a normal body protein that becomes irreversibly misfolded and proliferates primarily in the central nervous system. Prions are highly resistant to disinfection and sterilization
International standards
For the puropose of these guidelines, International Standard means standardsor guidance published by international standardization organizations such as ISO or CEN.
Reusable containers
Rigid sterile barrier system designed to be repeatedly used (ISO 11607-1 2018)
Packaging is intended to preserve the sterility of teh reusable medical device (RMD) until its use.
Standard operating procedures (SOP's)
SOP's are written, step-by-step instructions that describe how to perform a routine activity. SOP's aim to achieve efficiency, quality output and uniformity of performance, while reducing miscommunication and failure to comply with industry regulations.
Quality management
Quality management includes all the activities that organizations use to direct, control, and coordinate quality. These activities include formulating a quality policy and setting quality objectives. They also include quality planning, quality control, quality assurance, and quality improvement. In the present guide the quality management chapter includes a description of the processus approach, performance evaluation, risk and non-conformity management, documentation management and traceability
Routine controls (or routine test)
Routine controls are technical operations conducted periodically to establish that the operational performance of the equipment or process remains within the limits established during validation (ISO 11139 : 2018)
For the purpose of theses guidelines, training means the certified acquisition of the theoricital, practical skills and behavior adapted to the assignment. Skills are periodically controlled and updated as needed.
Traceability is the ability to trace the history, application, use and location of an item (products, parts, materials, and services) or its characteristics through recorded identification data.
Waste management
Waste management groups all activities and actions required to manage waste including the collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste together with monitoring of the waste management process. Instrument reprocessing waste are are solid (i.e., single use packaging, detergent or disinfectant empty bottles, cleaning brushes, possibly sharp devices), liquid (i.e., cleaning, disinfecting, rinsing solutions) or gazeous (i.e., sterilization, cleaning or disinfection effluent). Waste might be non hazardous, infectious, or toxic. Waste management regulation limits impact on environment and protects staff. Waste management rules are country dependent.
Process validation
Process validation means establising, by objective evidence that a process consistently produces a results or product meeting its predeternined objective. Process validation applies to all steps of RMD reprocessing from point of use processing to storage. When equipments are used validation include their installation qualification (IQ), operational qualification (OQ) and performance qualification (PQ). Process validation is perfomed before implementation of a new process or equipment (initial validation). Revalidation takes place periodically (usually each year) or after event justifying total or partial revalidation (change in the process, maintenance of equipments).
Transport includes: . The transfer of soiled reusable medical device from the point of use to the reprocessing site and . the transfer of the sterilized or disinfected RMD to the point of use.
Sterile medical devices protected by a packaging maybe stored in dedicated area until their use or expiration dates.
Risk analysis
Risk analysis consists of the identification and analyzis of potential issues that could negatively impact a given process. Risk analysis includes an evaluation of the consequence and likelihood. The issues with the more severe consequences and higher likelihood of occurence are addressed in priority.
Reprocessing facilities
Reprocessing facilities means the spaces in which reprocessing of RMD's takes place. It can be a centralized sterilization department with dedicated area for each step of the sterilization process or a room for cleaning and disinfection.
Instruction for use (IFU)
IFU's are indication provided by a manufacturer to ensure correct and safe use of a product (including but not limited to reusable medical device, reprocessing equipment and consumables). RMD manufacturers IFU's include the instruction for reprocessing.
Endotoxins are lipopolysaccharide components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria that are heat stable and elicits a variety of inflammatory responses in animals and humans (ISO 11139: 2018)
Pyrogen are substances that induces fever. Endogenous pyrogen are low-molecular weight protein produced by phagocytic leukocytes in response to stimulation by exogenous pyrogens. Exogenous pyrogens are produced by bacterial endotoxins and other microbial product such as antigen, antibody complexes, virus
Biofilms are a biomass of bacteria and extracellular material which tightly adhere to surfaces of an RMD and can protect the germs from exposure to the disinfection agent.
For the needs of the present guidelines outsourcing means a process in which a healthcare facility employs another organization to perform some or all reusable medical device reprocessing tasks. The organization can be another healthcare facility, a shared reprocessing unit or a private service company. The services can be perfomed within the healthcare facility or externalized.
Non terminal sterilization
Non terminal sterilization is a process whereby product is not sterilized in a sterile barrier system and hence not protected from environmental and handling contamination after the sterilization cycle.
Terminal sterilization
Process whereby product is sterilized within its sterile barrier system (ISO 11139 : 2018)
|
What kind of syndrome does Michael Phelps have?
Table of contents:
- What kind of syndrome does Michael Phelps have?
- Does Michael Phelps have XYY syndrome?
- What did Michael Phelps struggle with?
- Can you be short and have Marfan syndrome?
- At what age does Marfan syndrome appear?
- What can Marfan be mistaken for?
- Do people with Marfan syndrome have autism?
- Does Michael Phelps eat mcdonalds?
- Can a person with Marfan syndrome have a baby?
- How do you rule out Marfan syndrome?
- Is there a connection between hypermobility and autism?
What kind of syndrome does Michael Phelps have?
Does Michael Phelps have XYY syndrome?
Michael Phelps Unintentionally Raises Marfan Syndrome Awareness. Olympic swimmer and gold medalist Michael Phelps may not have Marfan syndrome but he certainly has people talking about it.What did Michael Phelps struggle with?
Can you be short and have Marfan syndrome?
About one out of every 5,000 Americans has Marfan syndrome. It affects males and females of all races and ethnicities. Children who have Marfan syndrome are usually tall and thin, with long arms, long double-jointed fingers, a short torso, and very long legs.At what age does Marfan syndrome appear?
However, features of Marfan syndrome and related disorders can appear at any age. Some people have many features at birth or as young children. Other people develop features, including aortic enlargement, as teens or even as adults. Some features are progressive, meaning they can get worse as people age.What can Marfan be mistaken for?
jpg. There are conditions related to Marfan syndrome that can cause people to struggle with some of the same or similar physical problems. Some examples are Loeys-Dietz syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and Familial Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection.Do people with Marfan syndrome have autism?
Those affected have marfanoid habit and also other psychiatric manifestations such as autistic behaviour, mild-moderate mental retardation (there are some reported cases with normal intelligence), language disorders, emotional instability, aggressiveness, hyperactivity, shyness which can be extreme, obsessive- ...Does Michael Phelps eat mcdonalds?
U.S. swimmer Michael Phelps is famous for his 12,000-calorie-a-day diet that includes an entire pizza, a pound of pasta and three fried-egg sandwiches. Ryan Lochte ate McDonald's for nearly every meal during the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, where he won four medals.Can a person with Marfan syndrome have a baby?
If one parent has Marfan syndrome, there's a 1-in-2 chance (50 percent) that their baby will have it, too. Only babies who get the gene change have Marfan syndrome. If you or a family member has Marfan syndrome, talk to a genetic counselor to learn more about the chances of your baby having it.How do you rule out Marfan syndrome?
Heart tests If your doctor suspects Marfan syndrome, one of the first tests he or she may recommend is an echocardiogram. This test uses sound waves to capture real-time images of your heart in motion. It checks the condition of your heart valves and the size of your aorta.Is there a connection between hypermobility and autism?
More recently, our own laboratory has found that mothers with EDS or a diagnosis of the closely related Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders (HSD) (formerly known as Joint Hypermobility Syndrome) are just as likely to have autistic children as mothers who themselves are on the autism spectrum.Read also
- What is the hormone cortisol responsible for?
- Why should we value food?
- What is an impulse short answer?
- What are the characteristics of indulgent parenting style?
- What is Emerald health insurance?
- Why is green the color for mental health?
- What does Neuropsych testing test for?
- Where is the cheapest place in NJ to buy a house?
- Which of the following is an example of harm reduction?
- Why you shouldn't give your kids an iPad?
You will be interested
- Who are Grimes parents?
- What do genes do?
- Does Bacopa increase serotonin?
- What is Wordsworth theory of poetry?
- Why are human skulls shaped differently?
- Is executive functioning part of ADHD?
- What does the word balance mean?
- What are five dynamic of team work?
- How does the body respond to hunger?
- Who is Judith Lewis?
|
👀 Turn any prompt into captivating visuals in seconds with our AI-powered visual tool ✨ Try Piktochart AI!
- Piktochart Visual
- Video Editor
- Infographic Maker
- Banner Maker
- Brochure Maker
- Diagram Maker
- Flowchart Maker
- Flyer Maker
- Graph Maker
- Invitation Maker
- Pitch Deck Creator
- Poster Maker
- Presentation Maker
- Report Maker
- Resume Maker
- Social Media Graphic Maker
- Timeline Maker
- Venn Diagram Maker
- Screen Recorder
- Social Media Video Maker
- Video Cropper
- Video to Text Converter
- Video Views Calculator
- AI Brochure Maker
- AI Flyer Generator
- AI Infographic
- AI Instagram Post Generator
- AI Newsletter Generator
- AI Report Generator
- AI Timeline Generator
- For Communications
- For Education
- For eLearning
- For Financial Services
- For Healthcare
- For Human Resources
- For Marketing
- For Nonprofits
- Brochure Templates
- Flyer Templates
- Infographic Templates
- Newsletter Templates
- Presentation Templates
- Resume Templates
- Business Infographics
- Business Proposals
- Education Templates
- Health Posters
- HR Templates
- Sales Presentations
- Community Template
- Explore all free templates on Piktochart
- The Business Storyteller Podcast
- User Stories
- Video Tutorials
- Visual Academy
- Need help? Check out our Help Center
- Earn money as a Piktochart Affiliate Partner
- Compare prices and features across Free, Pro, and Enterprise plans.
- For professionals and small teams looking for better brand management.
- For organizations seeking enterprise-grade onboarding, support, and SSO.
- Discounted plan for students, teachers, and education staff.
- Great causes deserve great pricing. Registered nonprofits pay less.
75 Unique School Presentation Ideas and Topics Plus Templates
Are you tired of seeing the same PowerPoints repeating overused and unoriginal school presentation ideas covering repeated topics in your classes?
You know what I'm talking about; we've all been there, and sat through yawn-worthy demonstrations, slides, or presentation videos covering everything from the solar system, someone's favorite pet, past presidents of a country, to why E=mC squared.
From grade school to university, first graders to college students, we are obligated to create, perform, and observe academic presentations across a plethora of curriculums and classes, and not all of these public speaking opportunities fall into the category of an 'interesting topic'.
Yet, have no fear! Here at Piktochart, we are here to help you and your classmates. From giving examples of creative and even interactive presentation ideas, providing presentation videos , and suggesting interactive activities to give your five minutes of fame the 'wow' factor that it deserves, this article is your guide!
Our massive collection of unique school and college presentation ideas and templates applies if you're:
- A teacher looking to make your class more engaging and fun with student presentations.
- A student who wants to impress your teacher and the rest of the class with a thought-provoking, interesting topic.
A Curated List of Interesting Topics for School Presentations
Did you know that when it comes to presentations , the more students involved improves retention? The more you know! Yet sometimes, you need a little help to get the wheels moving in your head for your next school presentation .
The great thing about these ideas and topics is you can present them either in face-to-face classes or virtual learning sessions.
Each school presentation idea or topic below also comes with a template that you can use. Create a free Piktochart account to try our presentation maker and get access to the high-quality version of the templates. You can also check out our Piktochart for Education plan .
Want to watch this blog post in video format? The video below is for you!
The templates are further divided into the following categories covering the most popular and best presentation topics. Click the links below to skip to a specific section.
- Unique science presentation topics to cultivate curiosity in class
- Engaging culture and history presentation ideas to draw inspiration from
- Health class presentation topics to help students make healthy lifestyle decisions
- Data visualization ideas to help students present an overwhelming amount of data and information into clear, engaging visuals
- First day of school activity ideas to foster classroom camaraderie
- Communication and media topics to teach students the importance of effective communication
- Topics to help students prepare for life after school
We hope this list will inspire you and help you nail your next school presentation activity.
Unique Science Presentation Topics to Cultivate Curiosity in Class
Science is a broad field and it's easy to feel overwhelmed with too many topics to choose for your next presentation.
Cultivate curiosity in the science classroom with the following unique and creative presentation ideas and topics:
1. Can life survive in space?
2. Do plants scream when they're in pain?
3. What are the traits of successful inventors?
4. How vaccines work
5. Massive destruction of the Koala's habitat in Australia
6. Left brain versus right brain
7. What are great sources of calcium?
Get access to high-quality, unique school presentation templates by Piktochart for Education.
Create and collaborate in the classroom using Piktochart's customizable and printable templates for your school reports, presentations, and infographics.
8. Recycling facts you need to know
9. Do you have what it takes to be a NASA astronaut?
10. The rise of robots and AI: Should we be afraid of them?
11. How far down does the sea go?
12. The stages of sleep
13. Will Mars be our home in 2028?
14. A quick look at laboratory safety rules
15. The first person in history to break the sound barrier
Engaging Culture and History Presentation Ideas to Draw Inspiration From
History is filled with equally inspiring and terrifying stories, and there are lessons that students can learn from the events of the past. Meanwhile, interactive presentations about culture help students learn and embrace diversity.
16. Women in history: A conversation through time
17. The sweet story of chocolate
18. A history lesson with a twist
19. The history of basketball
20. The origin of the Halloween celebration
21. AI History
22. What you need to know about New Zealand
23. 1883 volcanic eruption of Krakatoa
24. Roman structures: 2000 years of strength
25. The most famous art heists in history
26. Elmo: The story behind a child icon
27. 10 things you should know before you visit South Korea
28. 8 things you didn't know about these 8 countries
Health Class Presentation Topics to Help Students Make Healthy Lifestyle Decisions
Want to learn how to engage students with healthcare topic ideas? Then consider using these templates for your next interactive presentation.
According to the CDC , school-based health education contributes to the development of functional health knowledge among students. It also helps them adapt and maintain health-promoting behaviors throughout their lives.
Not only will your presentation help with keeping students engaged, but you'll also increase class involvement with the right slides.
The following examples of health and wellness interactive presentations include fun ideas and topics that are a good start.
29. How to look after your mental health?
30. The eradication of Polio
31. How to have a healthy lifestyle
32. 10 handwashing facts
33. Myths and facts about depression
34. Hacks for making fresh food last longer
35. Ways to avoid spreading the coronavirus
36. Mask protection in 5 simple steps
37. Everything you need to know about the flu
38. All about stress: Prevention, tips, and how to cope
39. The importance of sleep
40. Is milk tea bad for you?
41. How to boost happiness in 10 minutes
42. How dirty are debit and credit cards
43. Why do you need sunscreen protection
Data Visualization Ideas to Help Students Present Overwhelming Amounts of Data in Creative Ways
Data visualization is all about using visuals to make sense of data. Students need to pull the main points from their extensive research, and present them by story telling while being mindful of their classmates' collective attention span.
As far as student assignments go, storytelling with data is a daunting task for students and teachers alike. To keep your audience interested, consider using a non linear presentation that presents key concepts in creative ways.
Inspire your class to be master data storytellers with the following data visualization ideas:
44. Are we slowly losing the Borneo rainforest?
45. Skateboard deck design over the years
46. Food waste during the Super Bowl
47. The weight of the tallest building in the world
48. Infographic about data and statistics
49. Stats about cyberbullying
50. How whales combat climate change
First Day of School Interactive Activity Ideas to Foster Whole-class-Camaraderie
Calling all teachers! Welcome your new students and start the school year with the following back-to-school creative presentation ideas and relevant templates for first-day-of-school activities.
These interactive presentations grab the attention of your students and are remarkably easy to execute (which is the main educator's goal after all)!
51. Meet the teacher
52. Example: all about me
53. Self-introduction
54. Tips on how to focus on schoolwork
55. Course plan and schedule
Give our class schedule maker a try to access more templates for free. You can also access our presentation-maker , poster-maker , timeline-maker , and more by simply signing up .
56. Interpreting a student's report card (for parents)
57. Introduction of classroom rules
58. Assignment schedule
59. Daily planner
60. Course syllabus presentation
61. How to write a class presentation
Topics to Teach Students the Importance of Effective Communication
Visual media helps students retain more of the concepts taught in the classroom. The following media topics and infographic templates can help you showcase complex concepts in a short amount of time.
In addition, interactive presentation activities using these templates also encourage the development of a holistic learning process in the classroom because they help focus on the three domains of learning: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.
62. Interactive presentation do's and don'ts
63. How to create an infographic
Recommended reading : How to Make an Infographic in 30 Minutes
64. How to improve your internet security and privacy
65. What is design thinking?
66. What are your favorite software tools to use in the classroom?
Presentation Topic Ideas to Help Students Prepare for Life After School
One of the things that makes teaching a rewarding career is seeing your students take the learning and knowledge you've instilled in them, and become successful, productive adults.
From pitching a business idea to starting your podcast, the following topics are good starting points to prepare students for the challenges after graduation (aka adulting 101):
67. How to make a resume
68. How to start a startup
69. Credit card vs. debit card
70. Pros and cons of cryptocurrency
71. How to save on travel
72. How to do a SWOT analysis
73. How to pitch a business idea
74. Habits of successful people
75. Starting your own podcast: A checklist
Find out how a high school teacher like Jamie Barkin uses Piktochart to improve learning in the classroom for her students.
Pro tip: make your presentation as interactive as possible. Students have an attention span of two to three minutes per year of age. To keep minds from wandering off, include some interactive games or activities in the lesson. For example, if you conducted a lesson on the respiratory system, you could ask them to practice breathing techniques.
Maintain eye contact with your students, and you'll get instant feedback on how interested they are in the interactive presentation.
Make School Presentation Visuals Without the Hassle of Making Them From Scratch
School presentations, when done right, can help teachers engage their classes and improve students' education effectively by presenting information using the right presentation topic.
If you're pressed for time and resources to make your school presentation visuals , choose a template from Piktochart's template gallery . Aside from the easy customization options, you can also print and download these templates to your preferred format.
Piktochart also professional templates to create infographics , posters , brochures , reports , and more.
Creating school-focused, engaging, and interactive presentations can be tedious at first, but with a little bit of research and Piktochart's handy templates, you're going to do a great job!
The future of learning is interactivity and collaboration.
Foster interactive and collaborative learning using Piktochart for Education. Share your work, get feedback, and brainstorm on the fly. With Piktochart, everyone's on the same page. Finally.
Kyjean Tomboc is an experienced content marketer for healthcare, design, and SaaS brands. She also manages content (like a digital librarian of sorts). She lives for mountain trips, lap swimming, books, and cats.
Other Posts
From Chaos to Clarity: Streamlining Your Student Life with a Schedule Builder
Resume with No Experience
15 Infographic Examples for Students (Plus Editable Templates)
Do you want to be part of these success stories, join more than 11 million who already use piktochart to craft visual stories that stick..
- About Katie
- Application Essays
- The Journal
- Join Thousands on My List
31 of the best class presentation tips for students
Katie September 20, 2022 communication , grades
By Katie Azevedo, M.Ed.
Giving class presentations is just part of the school experience. Some students dread presenting to their classmates, and others prefer class presentations to written assessments. If you're new to this, or if you're just looking for some ideas, I share my best class presentation tips for students in the post below.
Class presentations often involve a visual component, and an audio and delivery component. The tips in this post are for class presentations that involve SLIDES, such as Google Slides or PowerPoint. Therefore, I break down the class presentation tips for students into the following categories:
- text and content
- Audio and delivery class presentation tips
- Bonus class presentation tips to up-level your game
Class presentation tips for VISUALS
The following tips will enhance the visual component of your school presentation. The strategies are further categorized by format, text, and images.
Class presentation tips for slide FORMAT
The visual format of your presentation must be clear and easy to read.
1. Use a slide deck.
This class presentation tip is obvious, but I can't leave it off the list. If you're presenting to your fellow students, you will need some kind of visual representation of the information you're delivering. Very rarely will you present to your class without slides. Google Slides and PowerPoint are the two primary products to make slides.
2. Use the right number of slides.
Class presentations in high school and college will likely be 5 minutes or less. Follow your teacher's guidelines, of course, but generally, students will use 1-2 slides per minute. (That would be 5-10 slides for a 5-minute presentation.)
3. Use an appropriate slide template and theme.
PowerPoint and Google Slides come with default slide templates (themes). Most of the default templates are suitable for class presentations, and so you should be fine choosing one of those. You can also find templates on the free version of Canva. I like slidesgo.com for free templates (it's not sketchy – I've personally used it. I also like SlidesCarnival.com but you have to import the templates into Canva first, and then export them from Canva into Google Slides or PowerPoint.
4. Use clear fonts.
Pick your font based on clarity, not creativity. Your audience should be able to read your text effortlessly and from the back of the classroom. Here are some rules:
- Avoid cursive / script fonts
- Avoid writing in all capital letters
- Avoid fonts that are entirely in italics (slanted)
5. Use a maximum of two fonts.
Stick to two fonts: one for headings and titles, and one for body text. More than two fonts make your slides hard to read.
6. Use 3-4 colors.
Stick to a basic color palette of no more than four colors. It's fine to use images that are outside your color scheme, but besides images, avoid too many colors. Most default templates stick to four colors or less, so you're safe if you use a pre-made template.
7. Use high-contrast text-on-background combinations.
Your text needs to stand out from the background color. Black font on a white background or white font on a black background provides the highest contrast and best readability. This website here provides excellent information and examples about color combinations.
Class presentation tips for slide TEXT and CONTENT
8. start with a simple title slide..
Your teacher will likely require a title slide in the syllabus. Even if it's not required, make one anyway. A title slide should be simple: the name of the presentation, your name, and a simple graphic or image.
9. Include a roadmap slide.
A roadmap slide (I made up that term, but it works) is like a table of contents. It tells your classmates what they will learn from your presentation. Even if your presentation is only 6 slides long, a roadmap slide can be helpful. Below is an example.
10. Include enough white space.
White space is the blank space that doesn't contain text or images. White space is very important for readability. In the image below, you can see the impact white space has on readability.
11. Use bullet points.
Whenever possible, use bullet points instead of complete sentences. Most slides should include no more than 5-6 bullet points. If you need to say more, continue the bullet points on another slide.
12. Leave some text off the slides.
Your slides should include minimal to moderate text that you will elaborate on during your class presentation. In other words, don't cram the slides full of everything you want to share on the topic. The only exception to this rule is if you are not verbally presenting to the class, but are instead just sharing the slides with your classmates to view on their own.
13. Include examples.
Examples make most things clearer. When possible, include an example for all your main points.
14. Include statistics and other quantitative information.
Use numbers in place of text when you can. Numbers and statistics can be easier for your audience to process. Example below:
- Instead of saying this: There is one-third as many Giant Pandas living in 2020 as there were in 2014.
- Say this: Giant Panda population in 2140 = 1864 | Giant Panda population in 2020 = 600 [ source ]
15. Include a summary slide
Consider adding a final summary slide to your class presentation. This is an excellent strategy because it will increase your audience's understanding of your main points. The text on this slide should be in bullet-point format. The information on this slide might align with the information on your roadmap slide.
Class presentation tips for slide IMAGES
16. include an image or graphical element on each slide..
Every slide should have some kind of graphical element to complement the text. Some slides might even have an image and no text. (You would explain the image in your verbal presentation to the class.) Note: be sure to cite all images.
17. Use images / graphics for illustration and emphasis, not decoration .
Avoid using images for decoration. Images and graphics should do one of the following:
- Add something valuable to the text
- Illustrate the idea on the slide
- Represent the idea on the slide
- Emphasize an element of the slide (such as underlines, stars, etc.)
18. Resize and reformat images.
Resize images and graphics to fit the scale of your slide. It should be big enough to see clearly, but still allow for plenty of white space (Class Presentation Tip #10). You can remove the background of an image using a mobile app, or something like the paid version of Canva or PicMonkey. Again, be sure to cite your images.
19. Use video when appropriate.
If your presentation calls for it, include short video clips. Only use video if it adds value.
20. Use icons for emphasis.
Use icons like stars, 3D shapes, speech bubbles, and arrows to emphasize important text. Keep these icons within your color scheme. You can find free icons within Google Slides and PowerPoint, or you can use Google Images or Canva.
21. Use graphs and charts.
Too much text is confusing. Too many images is boring. Solve this problem by using pie charts, bar graphs and other graphical ways of representing data.
Class presentation tips for SPEAKING
You might have the best slides in the class, but your presentation is not complete until you deliver it to your classmates. The following tips are for improving your audio and delivery.
22. Never read directly from the slides.
Use the slides as a reference, but don't read word-for-word. How do you do this? First change to the next slide. Then look at it for cues. Next, speak directly to your classmates, making eye contact as your speak. It's okay to glance back at the slide if you need to.
23. Face your audience.
Your body should always face the audience. Stand or sit either straight on, or at a 45-degree angle. Never have your body square to the presentation screen.
24. Explain the images.
When you present each slide, you should spend some time on the text and some time on the images. If your images add value (which they should), then this should be simple to do.
25. Speak slowly and clearly.
Speak slower than you naturally speak. Practice difficult words until they are smooth.
26. Use verbal transitions between topics.
When you change topics, use transition expressions such as "Next, we are going to look at …" or "Now, let's move on to …"
27. Practice more than you want to.
Practicing your class presentation over and over improves your delivery and increases your confidence. Practice in front of the mirror, in front of others, or in front of your camera (to be watched later, of course).
Bonus class presentation tips for students: How to up-level your game
The following bonus tips are for students looking to take their class presentations to the next level. Keep in mind that some of the ideas below are best suited for college and university students.
28. Provide a printed note-catcher.
An engaged audience is the best audience. To increase your classmates' active focus, provide each student a printed note-catcher they can use to follow along with your presentation. PowerPoint and Google Slides both have features that enable you to print out your presentation with the slides on the left and space to take notes on the right.
29. Ask questions and survey your classmates.
Another way to engage your audience is by asking them questions. You can build these questions into the slides themselves, or you can pause your presentation to ask questions before moving to a slide with the answers.
30. Use the Speaker Notes section .
The text on your slides should vary from the words you speak to your classmates during your presentation. Either you practice your presentation so much that you memorize it, or you use the Speaker Notes section on PowerPoint or Google Slides.
31. Open with a question, and close with an answer .
A great class presentation tip for students is to open with a question you pose to your classmates at the beginning, and then close with the answer. You could put the question on its own opening slide and then close with another slide that re-poses the question and features the answer.
For example, if you are presenting on Susan B. Anthony, your question could be Who was Susan B. Anthony? and the answer – which is the point of your presentation – could be Susan B. Anthony was one of America's greatest champions for freedom and equality of women and slaves. College-level presentations would have more complex question-and-answer pairings than this example, but you get the idea.
Class presentation tips for students – summary notes
It's important to follow your teacher's requirements when creating your class presentation. Use these tips and strategies to maximize your grade, impression on the class, and your content delivery – but always consult your syllabus first.
And finally, the greatest tip of all is to PRACTICE. In Tip #27 I emphasize the importance of practicing more than you want to. Watch TED talks and other notable speakers to see how smooth they speak – these presenters have practiced the same presentation hundreds of times. Practice is the key.
More resources
- How to ask for help in school: 4 tips for self-advocacy
- What to do when you're confused in class
- 5 life skills all students need to be functional adults
Subscribe to ReportCard Newsletter!
Get your FREE download of 25 School Habits and Hacks when you sign up for our monthly newsletter featuring awesome school tricks and tips
I will never give away, trade or sell your email address. You can unsubscribe at any time.
Blog > Interactive PowerPoint presentations in class
Interactive PowerPoint presentations in class
03.08.2023 • #powerpoint #tips.
Presentations can be a great way to make your lessons exciting and informative and to informative and to better communicate information to your students. Many students do not feel engaged and integrated enough with normal presentations. To increase the attention span and arouse enthusiasm, interactive elements such as quizzes, word clouds or feedback rounds can help, to significantly increase learning success.
Common problems that arise during presentations in class
Presentations are a central element of the learning process, but they often involve challenges that need to be overcome. We have highlighted four common problems that often accompany presentations in class:
1. Lack of interaction
Standard PowerPoint presentations offer limited opportunities for audience interaction and engagement. They lack features to gather feedback or answer questions in real time and respond to requests.
2. Student passivity
Students are often forced into a passive role when the focus is only on the slides and the presenter simply delivers them in a heavy-handed manner.
3. Time managementt
Creating good presentations can take a lot of time and can be a difficult task for some.
4. Information Overload
Too much information at once, without a break can overwhelm and scare away younger students in particular. It's hard to focus on what's important and grasp the key messages.
4 ideas for interactive presentations in classes
Interactive presentations demonstrably increase learning success and retention. This is also confirmed by a study of the Keele University . The results here show very clearly to what extent involving the audience increases attention as well as knowledge transfer. It was found that the grades of the participants improved by 3.7%, as well as and the failure rate was reduced by 4.4% over the whole school year. were reduced.
1. Interactive classroom engagement
Students can ask questions anonymously and provide interactive feedback. This encourages active participation in the classroom and creates an open learning environment. Teachers could respond spontaneously to questions or interesting discussion points and customize lessons.
Here are some ways to better engage students in the classroom:
- Voting on the desired teaching material : Teachers can include an interactive survey where students choose from a variety of topics they would like to learn more about in class. This allows students to help shape the lesson and contribute their interests.
- Surveys in which subject areas the students need more support : Teachers can start a survey to identify areas where students are having difficulty or need more explanation. This can help to tailor the lessons to the needs of the students.
- Anonymous questions about ambiguities in specific subject areas : For example, students can use SlideLizard to anonymously ask questions about topics they didn't fully understand. These questions can then be discussed in class to clarify misunderstandings and deepen understanding.
2. Brainstorming and unleashing creativity
Interactive slides enable teachers and students to collaboratively brainstorming sessions into the presentation, and to create a presentation. The feature allows ideas to be collected and structured on virtual pinboards. and structure them. The result is an interactive collaboration that unleashes creativity and promotes the exchange of ideas. encourages.
Here are some ideas on how to incorporate brainstorming in the classroom:
- Brainstorming for possible solutions : When addressing complex problems or challenges, teachers can ask students to brainstorm different solutions together on an interactive slide. This encourages teamwork and creative thinking.
- Collection of ideas for projects : Teachers can use an interactive slide where students can collect creative ideas for upcoming projects. These ideas can then be discussed and developed together.
- Solutions for social challenges : Students can brainstorm and discuss ideas for addressing real-world social problems such as poverty, inequality, or pollution.
3. Learning with quizzes
Interactive quizzes are a highlight of PowerPoint presentations. Teachers can check what students have already learned in a playful way and track the learning success. The students in turn experience a motivating sense of achievement when they answer the quiz questions correctly. This makes the learning process not only entertaining, but also effective.
Here are some concrete ideas for how teachers can use quizzes in a meaningful way in the classroom:
- Short knowledge tests during the presentation : Teachers can include a short quiz after each section of a presentation to ensure that students understand the key concepts before moving on to the next section.
- Preparation for exams : Teachers can create more comprehensive quizzes that cover the entire subject matter and help students prepare for upcoming exams.
- Continuous knowledge checks : Teachers can create regular, short quizzes to ensure that knowledge learned builds and deepens consistently over time.
4. Flexibility in teaching through discussions
Additional slides can also be used or set aside to be be flexible to the needs of the students. Teachers can react spontaneously to respond spontaneously to questions or interesting discussion points and individually.
Here are some ways teachers can use discussions to engage students more fully in the classroom:
- Small group discussions : Teachers can divide students into small groups and have them discuss on different slides. Each group can then present their findings or conclusions.
- Feedback and reflexion : After a presentation or lecture, teachers can ask questions on a slide that encourage students to reflect on what they have heard. These questions can then be discussed together.
- Visualize discussions as a word cloud : The students' contributions and thoughts from a discussion can be visualized on a slide as a word cloud. Frequently mentioned words are displayed larger, which draws the focus to dominant topics or trends. This provides a visual summary of the discussion and encourages analysis of the most important aspects.
Tips: Create interactive presentations
One tool that can help you create interactive presentations is SlideLizard. SlideLizard offers a wide range of interactive features, such as word clouds, polls, quizzes or feedback rounds for your teaching. You can integrate the interactive slides directly into your PowerPoint presentation and the results of polls or word clouds during the lesson are automatically visualized in real time. Learn more about interactive teaching with SlideLizard here.
Using interactive PowerPoint presentations with SlideLizard allows teachers to take teaching to a new level and overcome these problems. By combining word clouds, quizzes, interactive feedback sessions, and brainstorming sessions, SlideLizard creates an inspiring learning environment where students can actively participate in the classroom and unlock their potential. Let's use this creative and innovative approach to unleash the potential of visual connection and take teaching in schools to a new level. Learning can be so much fun!
Related articles
About the author.
Annika Fachberger
Annika is dedicated to graphics and videos. At SlideLizard she supports the design team with her creative ideas.
Get 1 Month for free!
Do you want to make your presentations more interactive.
With SlideLizard you can engage your audience with live polls, questions and feedback . Directly within your PowerPoint Presentation. Learn more
Top blog articles More posts
Digitization experts invest in SlideLizard to make presentations more successful
The Right Way to do a Question Slide in your PowerPoint Presentation
Get started with Live Polls, Q&A and slides
for your PowerPoint Presentations
The big SlideLizard presentation glossary
Vocal distractions.
In vocal distractions filler words like um, er, and you know are used during a pause.
Impromptu Speech
A speech that is given without any preparation, notes, or cards, is called an impromptu speech. It is often delivered at private events (e.g., weddings or birthdays) or for training presentation skills.
Body language
Body language is communication through movements, hand gestures and body posture.
Be the first to know!
The latest SlideLizard news, articles, and resources, sent straight to your inbox.
- or follow us on -
We use cookies to personalize content and analyze traffic to our website. You can choose to accept only cookies that are necessary for the website to function or to also allow tracking cookies. For more information, please see our privacy policy .
Cookie Settings
Necessary cookies are required for the proper functioning of the website. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website.
Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. These cookies help provide information about the number of visitors, etc.
Live chat Start now
Get Free Consultancy
140 Creative PowerPoint Presentation Topics for College Students
November 3, 2021
When it comes to creating a good PowerPoint presentation, choosing an interesting topic can define your success. Both teachers and students get bored with dull presentation topics. To avoid losing your audience and getting a lower grade, you should start with mulling over a few cool presentation ideas to pick a perfect topic.
Order your presentation now & enjoy advantages:
original papers
attractive design
professional writers
tight deadline
Since there are so many different subjects, it might be rather difficult for you to find suitable topics for presentation assignments. Prior to getting started, go through this checklist and settle on one topic:
- Do a Research Go online and look for interesting presentation topics. There is no guarantee that you will find a good subject to explore, but you can draw inspiration to come up with your own idea.
- Talk to Your Teacher Your professors can provide you with some unique presentation ideas if you seek their help at once. Don't wait until another student gets a cool topic; be the first to ask.
- Consider Your Interests The easiest way to make an effective presentation is to tell about something you are interested in or know well. The best presentation topics ideas come from a person's expertise or experience. So think carefully about what makes you engaged in a particular subject and use it to construct a topic.
If you are still uncertain about your presentation, read on to find a wide range of engaging presentation topics.
A List of Interesting Presentation Topics for College
To help you make your college presentations exciting, we have composed the list of universally interesting topics in various subjects. The areas of study are arranged in alphabetical order.
Agriculture Presentation Topics
- Environmental impact of agriculture
- Development and utilization of bio-based fuels
- How world population growth affects global demand for commodities
- Americans waste their food
- Trump's return to conventional agriculture
- How GMO labeling works
- Anti-pollution efforts anyone can put in
- How is your beef treated before it ends up on your plate
- How is permaculture different from organic gardening
- Is there a future for sustainable agriculture?
Art Presentation Topics
- Popular misconceptions about oil paintings
- Is graffiti an artwork?
- The art of digital photography
- World weirdest museums
- Greatest painters of all time
- Peculiarities of Orientalism in art
- Religious aspects of art
- Impressions from Impressionism
- Posters and collages: modern art
- The art of murals
Architecture Presentation Topics
- Modern garden architecture
- Examples of post-modernist architecture
- Environmentally friendly architecture
- Architectural design
- World's most impressive pieces of architecture
- Religious architecture
- Greatest architects of all time
- Industrial architecture
- Best examples of landscape architecture
- Architectural engineering
Business Presentation Topics
- Pros and cons of family-owned business
- Business ethics as a key factor in corporate success
- Evolution of entrepreneurship
- How does a franchise work
- Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing
- Is freelancing a career?
- Effective management techniques
- How to create a healthy workplace environment
- Importance of the workplace diversity
- Perks of e-commerce
Criminal Justice Presentation Topics
- Hate crimes in different age groups
- What you should know about human trafficking
- How to deal with domestic violence
- Danger of cybercrime
- How to prevent crime
- How prison system works
- Consequences of wrongful conviction
- Capital punishment
- Elder/child abuse
- Types of juvenile delinquency
Environment Presentation Topics
- How urban ecology works
- Notion of environmental racism
- Size and impact of industrial pollution
- Environmental sustainability
- Consequences of deforestation
- What is ecofeminism?
- Contamination of groundwater
- Exposure to nuclear waste
- How bad is air pollution?
- Management of water resources
History Presentation Topics
- Role of the USA in Vietnam War
- Constitutional history of the US
- Rise and fall of the Roman Empire
- A typical day of an ancient Egyptian
- Interesting facts from Cleopatra's biography
- Ancient Greece and the origins of democracy
- Historical aspects of Sumerian mythology
- Famous women in world history
- Unknown facts about Geronimo
- Legacy of African-American folklore
Lifestyle Presentation Topics
- Difference between consumption and consumerism
- Role of social media in our personal life
- Why are people obsessed with celebrities?
- Which family values still matter?
- Drug and alcohol substitutes
- Social issues of dating violence
- How efficient is online dating?
- Spending quality time with your friends
- Growing up in the same-gender family
- Does sport equal health?
Literature Presentation Topics
- Haiku: Japanese poetry at its best
- Stendahl and his two colors of French novel
- Literary genre of mystery and detective fiction
- George Orwell and dystopian literature
- Evolution of the short story genre
- Kabuki, a traditional Japanese theater
- Gods in Scandinavian mythology
- Catharsis and Greek tragedy
- Peculiarties of medieval drama
- Origins of science fiction literature
Psychology Presentation
- Archetypal attraction to horror movies
- Difference between stereotypes, discrimination, and prejudice
- False memory disorder
- Gender roles in modern society
- What is social identity?
- Cognitive models of decision making
- Individual differences in reasoning
- Nature of cognitive dissonance
- Experimental social psychology
- Basics of self-reflection
Science Presentation Topics
- What determines body mass index?
- How harmful is tobacco smoke?
- Germ theory of disease
- Sleep deprivation, patterns, and habits
- Cosmology versus cosmogony
- Marijuana use, dependence, and abuse
- What do we know about genes and DNA?
- Role of biotechnics
- Greatest women in science
- Origins of modern calculus
Sports Presentation Topics
- Popular sports superstitions
- Where do the fastest cars race?
- Greatest athletes of all times
- Little known facts about the Olympics
- Equine therapy for autistic kids
- History of basketball
- Famous animal athletes
- Origins of martial arts
- Which sports cause most injuries?
- Traditional sports you never heard of
Technology Presentation Topics
- Evolution of artificial intelligence
- Ethical hacker: Can hacking be legal?
- Possibilities of solar energy
- How a lie detector works
- Prospects of green technology
- Ethics of genetic engineering
- Eco-friendly means of transportation
- Networked culture of social media
- Risks of nanotechnology development
- SpaceX's interplanetary spaceship
5 Minute Presentation Topics
- Greatest discoveries of the last decade
- Industrial impact of autonomous cars
- Governmental control of the Internet
- iOS versus Android
- Gender difference in IQ
- Reasons to stop watching horror movies
- Busting fast food myths
- Can an atheist have virtues?
- Blogging as self-employment
- Why care about politics?
60 Extra New PowerPoint Presentation Topics
Topics on politics.
- The global view of politics by students.
- Is tolerance a current approach to developing new political virtues?
- Reasons to justify liberal democracy.
- The difference between parliamentary and presidential elections and forms of democracy.
- Should politicians go extra mile to ensure that the community is prosperous?
- Do you agree that coronavirus situation in the New York City can be used as a means of promoting nationalization?
- Do you agree that the situation with the anti-coronavirus masks shortage is connected with the government mess done on purpose?
- The situation with corruption among politicians on a global scale.
- Compare and contrast the UK and the USA foreign policies.
- What is the function of congressional communities?
Topics on Mass Media
- Should social media operate according to specific rules?
- What are the main criteria for certain YouTube videos to spread viral?
- What was the main reason why social media platforms have become so trendy?
- Should some celebrities be ashamed of the content they expose in the social media? Or is it a way of gaining population?
- Is it possible to maintain safety and confidentiality on social media platforms?
- What do you think of the popularity rates when it comes to people who still prefer watching TV to surfing the net?
- Why are so many people interested in watching dangerous and life-threatening pranks?
- Your opinion on Netflix series: are they changing the world of movies?
- Recall some stories of child actors who succeeded in their future adult careers.
- What impact do politicians have on the Academy Awards?
Topics on Medicine
- Pros and cons of in-vitro fertilization.
- Dangers and mysteries behind pharmaceutical companies.
- The underlying principles of anatomy that everyone should know.
- The fundamental criteria used in diagnosing diseases.
- Mysteries behind the life of microbes.
- What do you know about the latest medical breakthroughs?
- Historical accounts about the world's biggest pandemics.
- Should people be alert when it comes to the threat of brain sucking amoeba?
- What is the function of each part of the human brain?
- Nervous system and its influence on the other bodily systems.
Topics on Education and Academic Matters
- Benefits and drawbacks of online education.
- Should schools put forward some severe and drastic disciplinary measures?
- To what extent should parents be involved in their children's education?
- The main features and differences of the educational process in the Asian countries.
- How convenient are gadgets for students' learning process?
- How to balance part-time work and college education?
- Should education be controlled by the government?
- How to succeed in finding a job right after college education?
- Should college degrees be necessary for the opening position?
- How to survive when students have to live on a shoestring because of tuition fees?
Topics on Finance
- Advantages and disadvantages of private banking.
- How to cut down on the business expenses and get a bigger profit of your business?
- Neither a lender nor a borrower be: to what extent do you agree?
- Pros and cons of saving money and spending less vs. taking loans.
- Fundamental knowledge needed to be a financial analyst.
- Why are so many people reluctant to share their spending to the public?
- Pros and cons of passive income.
- How to minimize the credit loans on your credit card?
- How to manage your personal budget?
- How to travel the world even if you do not have much money?
Topics on IT
- The main features of operational systems working on Android.
- The role of tablets in the world of computers.
- The main principles of genetic engineering.
- The development process of touch screen gadgets.
- Ethicality of human cloning.
- Role of apps in learning and work.
- 5G technology: pros and cons.
- Danger of cyber crimes and what can be done about it?
- Dangers and threats of nuclear technology.
- BOYD principles.
You can choose any of the suggested topics to make an interesting college presentation. You can also try exploring curious and controversial aspects of a subject. In such a way, you will be able to find an engaging topic for your slide show.
You should not forget to make your PowerPoint presentation effective and memorable. For this, use images of good quality and appropriate size. Remember that a successful presentation is a combination of interesting information and helpful visual aids. That is why it is crucial that you provide both for your audience.
Some Advice On How to Make an Appealing Presentation
If you want to deliver a good presentation, keep in mind that it is not merely a successful topic that is decisive for making it a winning one. Actually, one may struggle with the presentation due to the lack of experience of public speaking. If you do not feel confident when delivering a topic in front of the audience, the presentation may easily be turned into a failure. If you want to prepare an effective presentation, be sure that there are specific tips to take into account if you want to make a presentation effective and appealing to the reader. So, check out the main aspects:
- Work on the presentation design and pay attention to the visuals and info graphics. If you have slides that have only words on the big screen, be sure that such presentation will not be appealing to you audience. So, express creativity and add some uniqueness – add pictures that are relevant to what you are speaking about and also make sure that they can catch attention of your listeners. Set your inner artist free in order to make your presentation stand out of the crowd. However, strike a balance when it comes to the colors and fonts – they should distract attention of your audience from the main idea.
- Do not use overly sophisticated words but at the same time be eloquent. Proper vocabulary choice will also attract the attention of your audience. When it comes to vocabulary choice, also please consider that you should speak in words you know what they mean and how they are pronounced. Of course, some sophistication may impress your audience but it will not be a positive impression when you are ignorant of the meanings of the words or rules of spelling or pronunciation.
- When planning your presentation, manage your time wisely and set aside some time for answering questions from your audience. Normally, the audience is interested in some aspects and is eager to know something more about the area of research you are talking about. Therefore, express your politeness here and provide your listeners with the possibility to engage in a conversation.
Custom Presentation Services from Experts for College Students
If you are in hurry and do not have time for creating PowerPoint Presentation by your own, you may use our top-notch assistance. Place your first order and get a 15% off discount!
Calculate the price
With our help, the presentation process should be easy for you as we provide expert assistance in the preparatory and writing stages. We do realize how overwhelming work in college can be, so we are here to assist you. Contact us immediately should you need any help.
Related Posts
its amazing, i'm learned more presentations……. Thank You
Perfect I really like it. It is come in handy to me.
Yeh its great
I want to do researchers please give me some information
It's very useful ,thanks
I didn't a good topic from this please help me
Yes me too!
Hi, Diana! You can chat with our support team and ask our writers for help.
How about politics?There is no suggession for politic topics
We are currently working on it))) We will update our article) Also, if you need help with powerpoint presentation or other type of academic writing, please apply to us))) We will help you)))
they are ok but some seem a bit babyish
Didn't do a research about media Any suggestions please
hallo im sharon miller from israel im looking to open a website of PowerPoint Presentation' and i found ur website. its ok by you to translate your Presentation to hebrow and use them to my site? thank you sharon
Hello, Sharon! Yes, you can translate topics of our site and use them at your website. Also, we ask you to add link to this page with powerpoint topics))) Thank you!
very nice,thank you
I really like it. very good job
It's very useful.thnk u
file is presented at a high level
thank you very much.
I loved so many of these!! And I'm planning to use one,really helped me..thank you
It helps me a lot ….. thank you so much
Am grateful abt dis it really helps alot
I am from Azerbaijan.These topics are very useful for me,especially psychology topics.Thank you
Thanks, it's very helpful for me
it is very useful thanks
thanks for this information. it's really very interesting for presentation
Cancel reply
- Our Mission
8 Tips to Power-Up Your Classroom Presentations
Last month, I attended a Back to School Night for parents, sitting through presentation after presentation by teachers, some with slides that helped make their presentation a delight to listen to, and others . . . well, that's why I'm writing this blog post.
The goal of a classroom presentation is to aid you in effectively conveying information in a way that allows students (or their parents) to remember what you said. Unfortunately, for some, the presentation becomes a crutch, and they begin to rely on the slides to tell their story, rather than to help them tell the story.
I've been creating presentations using software like PowerPoint and KeyNote for 20 years, and I've learned a lot about how to most effectively communicate. Here's what I've found.
1. Use as Many Slides as You Need
It's a common myth that better presentations use fewer slides. This is simply not the case. I once sent an education conference presentation to the organizers so they could preview it in advance of my speaking. They wrote back, concerned that my 45-minute presentation had 116 slides. I looked it over and realized they were right! I revised it and sent a presentation with 135 slides back to them. I finished my talk with 5 minutes to spare -- just enough time to take questions -- and the presentation was a huge success.
The number of slides in your presentation is irrelevant. What matters is how well your slides communicate and how much time you spend talking about each slide. Spending five minutes on five slides will almost always be more engaging to your students than spending five minutes on a single slide, even when the information is exactly the same.
In the movie Amadeus , the Emperor of Austria complains to Mozart that his music has "too many notes." Mozart responds, "There are just as many notes as are required. Neither more nor less." Use as many slides as you need to make your point. No more. No less.
2. Minimize Verbosity
Your slides are there to support what you are saying, not to say it for you. Keep your word count low, and only place one main point on a slide, plus three to five sub-points if absolutely needed. Remember tip #1 above -- don't be afraid to use more slides. They're free! Also, the language in your slides doesn't need to be in complete sentences. Pare the text to as few words as possible, using what's there only to emphasize and reinforce -- not replace -- the words coming out of your mouth.
3. Maximize Visuals
Photos, figures and icons work as visual memory triggers. They help your students remember what it is you're saying. Any time you can add a visual that helps illustrate or reinforce the points you're making in your slides, you should use it. One great way to do this on the cheap is to use public domain or creative commons photos you can find on Flickr or Google .
4. Reduce Noise
Many teachers like to add banners, headers, footers, page numbers and more noise to their slides. Unless the information needs to be on every slide for a vital reason (which is rare), you should remove it. All these redundant elements do is create distractions from the content of your slides. I find this to be especially true of page numbers. Imagine if a movie included a time code at the bottom, constantly reminding you how long you had been watching. All this does is serve to take the viewer out of the moment. Page numbers in slides really don't provide any useful information -- they just remind your students how long they've been watching.
Pursuant to tips #1 and #2, you're not going to win awards by cramming the most content on the fewest slides. Make text and visuals as large as you can. Not only does this make them easier to see and read, but larger images and text make a greater impact to aid memory. There's nothing wrong with filling an entire slide with a photo, and then placing text right on top. You may have to use a transparent background immediately behind the text so that it's clearly readable, but the overall effect is almost always more memorable than just some text beside an image.
6. Highlight What You Are Talking About
While you are presenting, your students may be momentarily distracted taking notes, thinking about what you are saying, glancing out the window, possibly even daydreaming. When they refocus on your slides, though, they need to quickly pick back up where you are, or you risk losing them again.
- Use contrast or call-outs to clearly show the area of the slide you are talking about.
- Reveal bullet points or table rows one at a time so that the last one visible is the one you are talking about.
- Use arrows, circles or other pointers to show what you are referencing in specific parts of an illustration, photo or graph.
- Animate and reveal parts of illustrations and graphs (where possible) to build your story rather than showing everything at once.
- Use bold type or different colors to highlight the keywords in any lengthy text.
7. Transition Changes
Humans suffer from an affliction called change blindness -- we have a hard time seeing changes unless there is a clear transition between the states. This is especially a problem in presentations where slides may look very much alike. Most programs include transitions that can be used between slides or on elements in the slides themselves.
My favorite transition is the cross-dissolve -- where the first slide fades down while the next slide fades up -- but different transitions can help illustrate points in your presentation. Are you talking about combustion or the fire of London? Use a flame transition. Talking about photography or Hollywood movies? Use the flashbulb transition. Even "cheesy" transitions help overcome change blindness and aid student memory at the same time.
8. Repeat Yourself Redundantly
It's OK to repeat the same slide more than once -- especially when using images -- if you are reminding students of an earlier point. Obviously, this is not a license to be monotonous. However, if you want to tie separate ideas together, emphasize a point or splash in a little comic relief, it's perfectly fine to repeat a slide.
Bonus Tip: Make it Funny!
There's little doubt that emotional responses can aid memory. While it can be difficult to apply this power in a classroom slide presentation, humor is easy enough, and adding a bit of levity to your presentations at the right points can work to give students vital memory hooks.
Remember, the point of presentation slides is not to replace you as the teacher, but to help your students understand and remember what you are teaching. Overwhelming them with too much information can be just as harmful as underwhelming them with too little.
Try These 160 Insanely Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Your Next Presentation
Ausbert Generoso
In the modern-day PowerPoint presenting, slide decks don't just inform, but also entertain and spark joy. PowerPoint shouldn't just be confined to the monotony of bullet points and charts, but rather offers a unique canvas where imagination can run wild!
We get it. The thought of sitting through another mundane PowerPoint presentation might make you want to run for the hills. But fear not, because we're here to spark some fun PowerPoint ideas for your your next presentation. Whether you're aiming to captivate colleagues during a virtual meeting, add a splash of excitement to your classroom, or simply stun your friends at your next PowerPoint game night , we've got you covered with ideas that blend education and entertainment seamlessly.
So, fasten your seatbelt (or loosen your tie 😉), as we embark on a complete list through categories that will transform your next PowerPoint presentation into a rollercoaster of excitement. Whatever theme you're thinking of for your next presentation, these fun PowerPoint ideas are poised to leave your audience not just informed, but exhilarated.
Why Settle for the Ordinary? Elevate Your Presentations with Fun PowerPoint Ideas!
You might be wondering, why bother with all the extra effort to infuse fun into your PowerPoint presentations? After all, the usual routine of bullet points and graphs seems to get the job done, right? Well, allow us to unveil why taking the road less traveled and incorporating fun PowerPoint ideas can be the game-changer you never knew you needed.
🤸🏻♀️ Unforgettable Engagement
Let's face it – the human attention span isn't exactly legendary. But when you introduce a touch of fun into your presentation, you're not just holding attention, you're capturing it in a delightful grip. Unconventional ideas, witty humor, and interactive elements transform passive listeners into active participants , making your message resonate and stick.
🧠 Enhanced Memorability
Ever noticed how the most memorable experiences are the ones that evoke emotion? The same principle applies to presentations. When you inject an element of fun, whether it's a surprising twist, a clever visual, or an unexpected game , you create a mental anchor for your audience. Those who chuckle and engage are more likely to remember and recall the essence of your presentation long after it's over.
🎨 Sparking Creativity
The world thrives on innovation, and that extends to the world of presentations too. Opting for fun PowerPoint ideas challenges you to think beyond the norm and come up with creative solutions . It encourages you to see your content from new angles, fostering a culture of innovation and resourcefulness that extends beyond the presentation room.
💬 Connection and Communication
Human beings connect through shared experiences and emotions. By introducing an element of fun, you're forging a connection with your audience that goes beyond the screen. Laughter and engagement create a bond, facilitating better understanding and communication. In a professional setting, this can translate into improved team dynamics and a more open dialogue.
So, while the tried-and-true method might get you from point A to point B, why not embark on a journey that's not only efficient but also exhilarating? Why settle for the ordinary when you can captivate, connect, and leave a mark with your fun PowerPoint ideas? The possibilities are limited only by your imagination. It's time to break free from the mold and transform your presentations into extraordinary experiences that linger long after the last slide.
150+ Fun PowerPoint Ideas for All Presentation Types
Fun powerpoint ideas for social gatherings and events.
- Emoji Charades: Use emojis as clues for a game of charades with friends.
- Virtual Costume Party: Have participants dress up and share their costumes on slides.
- Name That Tune: Play a few seconds of a song and challenge attendees to guess the title.
- Create Your Meme: Provide images and have guests come up with humorous captions.
- Bucket List Share: Have everyone share one item from their bucket list with images and explanations.
- Interactive Map Quest: Share travel stories and ask attendees to guess the locations on a map.
- Party Playlist Collaboration: Let participants add their favorite songs to a shared playlist slide.
- Personal Trivia: Create a slide about yourself with facts for others to guess.
- Two Truths and a Lie: Participants share statements; others guess which one is false.
- Virtual Escape Room: Turn your slides into a virtual escape room with puzzles and clues.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for the Workplace
- Emoji Icebreaker: Start meetings with a slide displaying emojis representing moods.
- Reverse Role Presentation: Present as if you're the audience and vice versa.
- Meme Monday Updates: Share weekly updates in meme format to keep things light.
- Interactive Polls: Add clickable options for participants to vote on decisions.
- Choose Your Adventure: Present a scenario with choices, letting the audience decide the outcome.
- Team Trivia Challenge: Test knowledge with team-based trivia using PowerPoint animations.
- Inspirational Quote Showcase: Share powerful quotes with visual design to motivate the team.
- Visualize Goals: Use animations to show progress towards team goals over time.
- Role Play Skits: Act out scenarios using images and text in a comic book-style layout.
- Name the Colleague: Share humorous hints to have attendees guess the colleague.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for the Classroom
- Science Experiment Journey: Present the process and results of a science experiment.
- Historical Time Travel: Create immersive history lessons with visuals and sound effects.
- Math Riddle Challenge: Share math riddles and reveal solutions with animations.
- Language Learning Adventure: Teach vocabulary and phrases in a foreign language interactively.
- Literary Parodies: Analyze literature through humorous parodies of famous stories.
- Math Olympics: Turn math problems into interactive challenges with medals for winners.
- Interactive Periodic Table: Explore chemical elements with interactive info and animations.
- Geography Quiz: Engage students with interactive maps and questions.
- Scientific Pictionary: Play a Pictionary-style game with scientific terms and concepts.
- Art Appreciation Gallery: Analyze famous artworks through an interactive virtual gallery.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Personal Projects & Hobbies
- Hobby Exhibition: Display your hobbies, from painting to photography, using slides.
- Fitness Journey Timeline: Document your fitness progress with images and data charts.
- Digital Portfolio: Showcase your work and skills through an interactive digital portfolio.
- Travelogue: Share your travel experiences with photos, anecdotes, and travel tips.
- DIY Tutorial: Teach a craft or DIY project through a series of animated slides.
- Music Playlist Presentation: Curate themed playlists and explain your song choices.
- Language Learning Journey: Document your progress in learning a new language.
- Culinary Adventure: Showcase international cuisines you've explored and cooked.
- Writing Journey: Share your writing process and excerpts from your creative pieces.
- Art Evolution: Display your artistic journey from early works to current creations.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Storytelling
- Virtual World Tour: Craft a global adventure through storytelling and images.
- Mystery Detective Story: Unravel a mystery using clues and interactive elements.
- Personal Evolution: Share your life journey through milestones and anecdotes.
- Time-Traveling Adventure: Create an interactive story that spans different eras.
- Fairy Tale Remix: Reimagine classic fairy tales with a modern twist.
- Unsolved Mysteries: Present historical or fictional mysteries and let the audience speculate.
- Myth vs. Fact: Compare myths and facts through interactive scenarios.
- Character Development Showcase: Create profiles of fictional characters with images and backstories.
- Epic Quest Narrative: Craft an epic journey with challenges, choices, and consequences.
- Alternate Endings: Rewrite the endings of famous stories with your creative twist.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Challenges and Quizzes
- Trivia Extravaganza: Host a fun-filled trivia night with interactive questions and answers.
- Visual Riddles: Present visual riddles and reveal the solutions with animations.
- Guess the Sound: Play audio clips for attendees to guess the corresponding sounds.
- Brain Teaser Quiz: Challenge participants with puzzles that test logical thinking.
- Quote Identification: Display famous quotes and ask participants to identify the source.
- Word Association Challenge: Present words and have participants quickly associate related words.
- Pop Culture Trivia: Test knowledge of movies, music, and current events through a quiz.
- Speed Typing Challenge: Display words, and participants type them as fast as they can.
- Guess the Logo: Share partial images of logos for attendees to guess the brands.
- Memory Game: Reveal a series of images, then ask attendees to recall the order.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Data and Infographics
- Data Storytelling: Transform statistics and data into compelling visual narratives.
- Illustrated Concepts: Use custom illustrations to explain complex ideas and concepts.
- Interactive Infographics: Create clickable infographics with hidden details and insights.
- Process Flow Comics: Present processes as comic strips with characters navigating each step.
- Comparative Timelines: Compare historical events, progress, or trends side by side.
- Interactive Charts and Graphs: Make charts interactive for deeper exploration of data.
- Explorable Maps: Present geographical data with interactive maps and annotations.
- Evolution of Technology: Visualize the evolution of technology and its impact.
- Visual Decision Trees: Present decision-making processes as interactive branching scenarios.
- Illustrated Quotes: Combine famous quotes with custom illustrations that capture their essence.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Motivational Talks
- Personal Growth Journey: Share your personal growth journey with motivational lessons.
- Success Stories: Present inspiring stories of individuals who overcame challenges.
- Motivational Quotes Compilation: Curate a collection of powerful quotes for inspiration.
- Life Lessons Through Stories: Convey life lessons using engaging narrative examples.
- Overcoming Adversity: Share stories of resilience and strategies to overcome challenges.
- The Power of Positivity: Explore the impact of positive thinking on personal and professional life.
- Leadership Insights: Present leadership principles with examples from renowned leaders.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Futuristic and Imaginative Presentations
- Time Capsule: Present predictions and visions of the future with a time capsule theme.
- Virtual Reality Showcase: Use VR-inspired visuals to immerse the audience in your content.
- Space Exploration: Explore the cosmos with interactive space-themed slides.
- Inventions of Tomorrow: Present imaginative ideas for future inventions and innovations.
- Post-Apocalyptic Scenarios: Craft a presentation depicting post-apocalyptic worlds and possibilities.
- AI and Robotics: Discuss the future of AI and robotics through speculative presentations.
- Dystopian vs. Utopian: Compare and contrast dystopian and utopian visions of the future.
- Future of Education: Visualize how education might evolve with technology and trends.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Entertainment and Pop Culture
- Guess the Movie Scene: Display screenshots and challenge your audience to guess the movie.
- Pop Culture Charades: Act out pop culture references, from movies to memes.
- Fan Theories Discussion: Present and analyze intriguing fan theories about popular shows or movies.
- Celebrity Look-Alike Game: Share images of ordinary people who resemble celebrities.
- Music Lyrics Challenge: Display song lyrics with missing words for attendees to complete.
- TV Show Mashup: Combine characters and scenes from different TV shows for humorous outcomes.
- Pop Culture Trivia Tournament: Host a tournament-style trivia challenge with various rounds.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Self-Care and Wellness
- Mindful Moments: Guide attendees through a short mindfulness exercise during your presentation.
- Self-Care Bingo: Create bingo cards with self-care activities for a wellness-themed meeting.
- Healthy Habits Showcase: Present effective wellness tips and habits for a balanced lifestyle.
- Stress Relief Techniques: Share interactive slides with stress-relief exercises and techniques.
- Gratitude Journal: Encourage participants to share moments of gratitude during the presentation.
- Daily Affirmations: Present daily affirmations to boost positivity and confidence.
- Wellness Goal Tracker: Create interactive slides to track personal wellness goals.
- Mental Health Awareness: Present insights and resources for maintaining mental well-being.
Fun PowerPoint Ideas for Cultural Exploration and Diversity
- Global Cuisine Showcase: Present unique dishes from various cultures with images and descriptions.
- Folklore and Legends: Share fascinating folktales and legends from different countries.
- Cultural Attire Exhibition: Display traditional clothing and explain their significance.
- Language Showcase: Teach fun phrases and greetings from different languages.
- World Festivals Journey: Explore diverse festivals and celebrations from different cultures.
- Cultural Traditions Quiz: Create interactive slides to test knowledge of cultural customs.
Want More? Download This Exclusive PowerPoint Ideas Book with 160 Fun PowerPoint Ideas! 👇
Best practices to maximize your fun powerpoint ideas.
Congratulations, you're now armed with a treasure trove of fun PowerPoint ideas that are bound to leave your audience both entertained and enlightened. But before you dive headfirst into crafting your next presentation masterpiece, consider these tips to ensure your creative efforts shine:
- Tailor your chosen fun PowerPoint idea to your audience's preferences and expectations. What might resonate with friends at a game night could differ from what engages colleagues in a meeting.
- While fun is essential, remember the purpose of your presentation. Make sure the chosen idea aligns with your message and doesn't overshadow the content.
- Familiarize yourself with the technical aspects of executing your chosen idea. Smooth transitions, animations, and interactions contribute to a polished presentation.
- While creativity is key, don't sacrifice clarity for novelty. Ensure your audience can follow your narrative and main points throughout.
- Manage your time effectively. Ensure your fun elements don't consume too much of the presentation, leaving room for your core content.
- Maintain a consistent visual theme to tie together the fun elements and the main content. Harmonious design enhances the overall experience.
- Before the big day, gather feedback from colleagues or friends. Their insights can help you refine your presentation and identify areas for improvement.
- Embrace the fun you've planned. Confidence in your delivery will make your audience more receptive to the engaging elements you've integrated.
- Sometimes, unexpected technical glitches or participant reactions can arise. Be prepared to adapt on the spot to keep the fun flowing.
- If your fun idea involves interactive elements, make sure they work flawlessly. Test the technology and ensure everyone can participate seamlessly.
Remember, these tips aren't meant to limit your creativity, rather, they're tools to ensure your creative ideas are presented in the best possible light. By blending innovation, enthusiasm, and strategic planning, you're set to deliver a presentation that's both fun and impactful.
And there you have it – a whole bunch of exciting, innovative fun PowerPoint ideas ready to turn your next presentation into a showstopper! From parties to classrooms, meetings to personal projects, we've covered it all. Now, it's your turn to run with these creative gems and make your slides come alive with laughter, engagement, and sheer enjoyment.
With over 150 ideas to choose from, you're set to rock any occasion. So, don't just settle for the usual slides – inject your unique style, tell stories, and keep everyone on their toes. Remember, it's all about sparking connections, sparking ideas, and having a blast while you're at it. Here's to unleashing your inner presentation superstar – one fun idea at a time!
More Fun PowerPoint Ideas
Free PowerPoint Trivia Template for Different Difficulty Levels
How to Make a Jeopardy Game on PowerPoint (Playable Template)
Level Up Your Game: Free Family Feud PowerPoint Template and Step-by-Step Tutorial
Free Interactive PowerPoint Puzzle Template and Tutorial in 5 Simple Steps
About Ausbert Generoso
Try classpoint for free.
All-in-one teaching and student engagement in PowerPoint.
Supercharge your PowerPoint. Start today.
500,000+ people like you use ClassPoint to boost student engagement in PowerPoint presentations.
50 Creative Ideas For Your Next PowerPoint Night
TikTok is the newest, hippest (just ask any twenty-something year old) social media platform and arguably the biggest thing since Instagram's launch in 2010. The platform boasts over 1 billion users and has been downloaded an upwards of 200 million times in the United States alone. You can find all sorts of videos on TikTok from food recipes and fashion, to presentation tips. Its diverse, entertaining, short-form content is what makes the app so favorable across many different age groups and demographics.
Many trends and recommendations have come to light because of the ever-popular social media app like dances, sounds, and meals. But another TikTok trend that has taken millennials and Gen Z by storm is PowerPoint nights. PowerPoint nights became especially popular in 2020 during the pandemic when friends and family were looking for ways to connect with one another via technology. Essentially, friends create presentation decks about cheeky topics (unrelated to work or school) and present them to each other either in-person or through video calls. Oftentimes served with plenty of snacks and beverages, PowerPoint nights have become a new Friday night "thing" to do. A trend we can get behind.
And of course, we're thrilled that it put presentations on the map for something fun other than board meetings and thesis assignments.
So we're tapping in. Here are 50 creative ideas for your next PowerPoint night. Extra points if you use Beautiful.ai and tag us on TikTok.
- Your colleagues as The Office characters
- Dating app contenders
- Hot takes on a new album from your favorite artist
- Your Spotify Wrapped list
- Bachelor/bachelorette (or other reality TV show) predictions
- A song to describe each person in your friend group and why
- Suggest locations for your next friend trip
- Everyone's love language
- Fantasy football updates
- Everyone's favorite movies, ranked
- Water bottle brands ranked
- The best restaurants in a 30 mile radius according to you
- Dream wedding destinations
- Your friends as Disney characters
- The best nostalgic shows for your generation
- Things you would do if you were president
- Pet names that you love and hate
- The best and worst managers or bosses you've ever had
- Your favorite memory with each friend
- The best iPhone/android apps you can't live without
- Each friend's toxic trait
- Fashion trends you can't get behind
- Friend trivia or two truths and a lie
- Office gadgets that just make sense
- A [insert name] starter pack for all of your friends
- Give each friend a superpower and explain why
- Your colleagues as an alcoholic beverage
- Things you hate: and everyone has a chance to try to change your mind
- Everyone's enneagram types
- Unpopular opinions: things you like that no one else does
- The emojis you need in the next update
- The top 10 best celebrity couples
- Things that just make sense to have in your home
- Band names each friend would name their band
- Things from Amazon that you would recommend to a stranger
- Your friends as fast food restaurants
- A song for every milestone in your life
- How each person's road trip snack preference defines them
- The first five things you'd spend money on if you won the lottery
- Bucket list items
- Local coffee shops, ranked
- The best and worst things about everyone's jobs
- Give all your friends a new name and persona
- How everyone's zodiac signs fit their personality
- Your group as Friends characters
- Holidays ranked from worst to best
- Celebrities that would play your friends in a movie or TV role
- Things you'd rather be doing than your current job
- Each of your colleagues as dog breeds
- The best (most useful) things you've learned from TikTok
Want to create a viral-worthy presentation in half the time? Let DesignerBot take the wheel . While PowerPoint night topics are subjective, DesignerBot can help you pull in facts, images, or information on your topic. For example, for a presentation on "water bottle brands ranked" you can enter the prompt "top 10 water bottle brands" and watch DesignerBot generate the deck for you like magic. You can then edit the slide(s) to reflect your personal rankings and thoughts without wasting time sourcing brand names, photos, or logos. You might even ask DesignerBot to pick a PowerPoint night topic for you— the possibilities are endless.
Jordan Turner
Jordan is a Bay Area writer, social media manager, and content strategist.
Recommended Articles
What is generative ai and how your business can use it , nail your influencer media kit and land the partnership, top 9 powerpoint alternatives in 2018, sales enablement vs. content marketing: why you need both.
14 Fun & Interactive Presentation Games for Teams and Students
So you've got an audience to energize, students to engage, or a team that needs a little extra fun — playing an interactive presentation game is an easy way to do just that.
We've done the research and found the best of these games for you: we looked specifically for games that are simple to set up, fun to play, and flexible enough to be used with a variety of presentations and audiences. Most of these activities work virtually with Zoom/PowerPoint and can also be used in person.
Which of these 14 presentation games do you like best? Take a look and let us know your favorites:
1. Live Trivia Competition
A great way to ramp up the excitement and engagement is to enable a little bit of friendly competition. Trivia is an easy way to do this—plus, it can be whole-group inclusive and large-audience friendly (if you use the right tools).
Here's a great trivia game you can run with your team, students, or any large audience. It's already created for you with questions and scoring built in to make it even easier:
Here's how to play:
- Make a free account here: https://slideswith.com/
- Click the slide deck and copy it.
- Launch the trivia game by clicking "Start Event."
- Invite your group to join in and submit answers using their mobile devices (show the winners automatically).
- Interact and play during your presentation!
This trivia game has questions on many topics to keep your audience's attention and appeal to everyone. It only takes 10-15 minutes to play, so it's a great game for long discussions! Also, this interactive activity is free for up to ten participants and is totally customizable.
2. Sing and Swing
To really liven up your group, encourage your listeners to play Sing and Swing. This activity is best for long presentations because it boosts energy, creates a fun, light-hearted environment, and makes people laugh a lot.
Here's how to play:
- Before your presentation, pick a well-known song and rewrite the chorus (replace parts of it with words and phrases from your presentation)
- When you're ready to play, show the song on your screen.
- Invite your audience to sing it with you!
If you have a fun group or a class of energetic students, consider adding choreography to engage your audience even more.
3. 20 Questions
If you want a presentation game that requires your listeners to talk more than you, 20 Questions is the one to play! A classic and simple activity, this game immediately boosts engagement and gets people laughing.
Here's how to play: Have someone put an appropriate image or word on the screen behind you (this can be an audience member you trust or a colleague or co-presenter). To make things more fun, put on a blindfold so that everyone knows you can't cheat. From there, ask 20 "yes or no" questions to guess what's displayed on the screen. Your group should respond "yes" or "no" to guide you to the correct answer.
4. Scavenger Hunt Challenge
To get your audience out of their seats, a scavenger hunt challenge is one of the best interactive games for presentations. It'll immediately energize your audience , team, or students while giving them a fun way to learn.
There are tons of in-person and virtual scavenger hunt ideas you can use to dive deeper into your topic or help everyone learn about one another. But if you want a ready-to-play game that you can instantly launch without having any tech skills, here's a fun one to play:
- Use an email address and password to create a free account here: https://slideswith.com/ (a free account guarantees up to ten people can play at no charge).
- Click the game and press "Copy and use this slide deck."
- In the top right corner, click "Start Event."
- Ask listeners to join the game by using their mobile devices to scan the QR code. Players should continue using their mobile devices to submit answers to questions.
- Have everyone start hunting for items!
This activity is a particularly fun game because it's a photo-hunt, show-and-tell challenge! That means your audience will not only get out of their seats to find items, but they'll also get to take pictures and share and discuss photos of what they find. This conversational element will help engage your group!
5. Group Word Clouds
Whether you're speaking to team members, students, or conference-goers, this activity lets you ask questions and get your listeners' thoughts on specific topics.
This game is the perfect way to start your presentation, especially if you're discussing something with a wide range of opinions or are unsure how much your listeners know about a certain subject. Group Word Clouds is also beneficial if you want to do a quick meeting pulse or know how your listeners feel going into your presentation—understanding their energy levels and mood can help you adjust (if necessary) to get maximum engagement and excitement.
To enjoy this activity, keep things simple by using a tool that already offers a ready-to-play Group Word Clouds game. Here's a popular one you can launch immediately:
- Create a free account by entering an email and password here: https://slideswith.com/
- Click the game and then copy it (the button to do so is right underneath the slide deck).
- Press "Start Event" in the top right corner.
- Tell participants to play by scanning the QR code.
- Create word clouds and have fun!
This interactive game only takes 5-10 minutes to play, so it's a fast, fun way to engage your audience and feel out the room. Players can use their mobile devices to answer questions. This activity is also free for up to 10 people and is easy to personalize.
6. The Get to Know You Game
This activity is one of the best presentation games if you have a small group that doesn't really know each other. The Get to Know You Game is a creative way to do introductions, and it's really simple.
Here's how to play the game: Before the event, ask group members to bring a favorite song or item to the presentation (you can do this by emailing them). When you're ready to play, ask each person to introduce themself, present their song or item, and explain why they picked it. For those sharing a song, have them play it on their phones before they explain why it's their favorite.
7. Live Poll Questions
When you have a large group, it's not easy to find ways to boost engagement—but poll questions are the solutions, especially when they're live and interactive. With this unique setup, large groups engage by answering questions and seeing their answers displayed in a fun way.
Your job is to make sure you actually find a game that showcases responses uniquely to captivate your group. For a quick and great option, here's a popular icebreaker activity that promises to display responses using fun formats like word clouds, donut charts, live graphs, and per-player:
- Create an account for free to access the game: https://slideswith.com/
- Click the slide deck and press the button to copy it.
- Look in the top right corner of the deck and press "Start Event."
- Invite your group to play the game. They only need to use their mobile devices to scan the QR code.
- Start polling your audience!
This activity is one of those fun presentation games everyone will want to enjoy, so invite all of your team members and students to participate. This game can accommodate up to 250 players and takes 5-10 minutes to complete. Tell your group to use their mobile devices to submit their responses.
8. Assumptions
This interactive game is a great way to break up your presentation to see who's paying attention and who can answer questions pertaining to your topic.
- Ask your audience to stand up (for virtual presentations, make sure everyone's video is on).
- Show true or false statements on the screen one by one.
- Tell people to raise a hand if they think the statement is correct and sit down if they think it's incorrect.
- Continue until one person is left standing.
- Award the winner.
This activity can be as short and challenging as you want. Also, if your presentation is long, you can play multiple rounds to break up your speaking time and test your audience throughout your discussion.
9. Controversial Questions
Want to see where your audience, students, or team lands on controversial topics? Then, energize your presentation with a fun, creative game called Controversial Questions. This activity has prompts that inspire lively debates, so it's a great way to get your group excited and chatty.
However, to maintain a positive environment, make sure to find a tool that offers an office-friendly, classroom-friendly, and conference-friendly game. You don't want to sour the mood by creating uncomfortable division during your presentation. To make sure this game is fun and light-hearted, here's a popular one that's suitable for all audiences and ages:
- Sign up for a free account by inputting an email address and password here: https://slideswith.com/pricing
- Click the game and press the button that says, "Copy and use this deck."
- Press "Start Event" (the button is in the top right corner).
- Have participants join the fun by asking them to scan the QR code with their mobile devices.
- Get controversial and play!
This interactive game for presentations asks fun (but appropriate) questions like:
- Does pineapple belong on pizza?
- Does the person flying in the middle seat get both armrests?
- Should the toilet roll go over or under?
Players should use their mobile devices to submit answers. Up to ten people can play for free, and you can customize the game by updating the questions!
10. Word of the Day
With this activity, you can keep your audience, team, or students engaged throughout your entire presentation. This game requires listeners to be alert and recognize whenever you say the word of the day.
Here's how to play: At the beginning of your presentation, tell your group the word of the day (it can also be a phrase if you'd prefer). Say that you'll weave the word into your presentation and that your audience must shout it out whenever you mention it.
11. Mini Activity: Group Icebreaker
Whether you're doing an in-person or virtual presentation, you need to warm up your audience to get things started on a positive note. The best way to do that is with a quick icebreaker game.
However, make sure your questions are fun, positive, and engaging. You can easily do this by finding a game that already has the best icebreaker questions included. Here's one that's ready to play (and requiring no tech skills to launch):
- Input an email address and password to make a free account here: https://slideswith.com/
- Click the deck and copy it (press "Copy and use this deck).
- Click the button in the top right corner that says "Start Event."
- Invite participants to play by asking them to scan the QR code.
- Break the ice to warm up your audience!
Your group should use their mobile devices to submit responses to poll questions. Also, this game accommodates up to 250 players, but only ten people can join for free.
12. Process of Elimination
This activity is one of the best games for presentations because it's simple yet fun and great at helping listeners get to know each other. You can play it at the beginning of your presentation or in the middle to give your group a chance to stretch their legs.
- Before your event, create a list of "yes or no" questions.
- Once you're ready to play, tell your group to stand up (if you're doing a virtual presentation, make sure everyone's video is on).
- Ask each question one by one.
- Tell attendees to stand if their answer is "yes" and sit if their answer is "no."
The questions can relate to your topic or be totally random. Also, if you'd prefer to thin out the number of people standing, you can take a creative twist and ask your questions by saying something like this: "Stay standing if (insert scenario)." When phrasing each question this way, the game will end with one person standing. To acknowledge the winner, you can give them a round of applause or award them a prize.
13. Conference Opener Icebreaker
If you're speaking at a big conference, you need an interactive game for presentations that can get everyone involved and ensure every voice is heard. To achieve these goals, you should create an icebreaker game that works for large groups .
Using an easy, intuitive template is the best step to take. That way, you don't have to start from scratch or spend hours making your game. For a template that requires no code or tech-savviness to build on, here's the best option:
- Sign up by making a free account here: https://slideswith.com/
- Click on the game. On the next page, click the button to copy and use the deck.
- Customize the template using the instructions HERE .
- During your presentation, press "Start Event" in the top right corner.
- Ask the group to use their mobile devices to scan the QR code and join the fun. (Also, make sure participants use their mobile devices to submit answers.)
- Play and engage your audience!
This template has fun, interactive features built in to keep your large audience engaged. Those features include polls, word clouds, and ratings. Just make sure you sign up for a paid plan to accommodate the large number of people in your group—the free account only works for up to ten players.
14. Two Truths and a Lie
This classic game is a fun, energizing way to help your listeners get to know one another. It's perfect for small in-person or virtual groups and is an ideal activity for the beginning of your presentation.
Here's how to play: Pick any topic (for the purposes of this article, the topic will be "movies"). In no particular order, say two movies you've really watched and one you haven't watched. Ask your audience to guess which statement is the lie. The winner picks the next topic and says two truths and a lie.
Be Memorable With Presentation Games
Oftentimes, people forget presentations within a week or even days, and that's because the discussions are boring. But you don't work hard preparing a presentation for it to be forgotten. If you want your message to stick, all you have to do is make it enjoyable without being corny.
If you want to be remembered and actually get people engaged, you need to make your presentation fun and enjoyable, without coming off as corny or desperate to please. Ivan Dimitrijevic, 10 Secrets of Making Every Presentation Fun, Engaging, and Enjoyable
Luckily, the interactive presentation games in this article are unique and exciting—they're far from corny. So, use them for your upcoming presentations to make your messages compelling and memorable.
Subscribe for more articles like this
Try slides with friends for free.
The easiest way to host meetings your team will love
Engagement delivered to your inbox
We'll email you 1-2x per month with brand new, ready-to-run events and ideas. Subscribe to stay ahead of the curve and keep your lessons, meetings, and events fresh and engaging.
- Interactive Display
- Accessories
- myViewBoard
- Multi-touch Series
- Professional - VP Series
- Business - VG Series
- Home and Office - VA Series
- USB-C Series
- Home Entertainment
- Installation
- Presentation Displays
- Direct View LED Display
- Pen Display
- ViewSonic Education Solutions
- Touch Screen Solutions
- ViewSonic Library & Blog
- myViewBoard Resources
- Case Studies
- Solution Briefs
- White Papers
- Press Center
- Knowledge Base
- Product Warranty
- Español ( Spanish )
- Deutsch ( German )
- Türkçe ( Turkish )
Education | Sep 21 2019
5 Interactive Presentations Ideas that will Engage Students
Interactive presentations should always be an educator's goal. Dry, teacher-centered lectures lose students' interest, while interactive presentations grab and hold attention. Getting students involved improves retention, understanding, and enjoyment. And it's remarkably easy to involve the audience with just a few easy principles (especially with the right technology at your disposal).
Start creating interactive presentations with the tips and tricks below or get more insights on modern education technology.
Students today expect the classroom to be both educational and enjoyable at the same time. Interactive presentations help engage students by having them participate in the lessons instead of passively listening to lectures. This reduces boredom and gives students a sense of responsibility to be attentive.
A Gallup Poll of about 3,000 schools shows that around the 5 th grade 74% of students feel they are engaged in school, but by the 10 th , 11 th , and 12 th grade those numbers fall to the 30% range. It is important for educators from K-12 and on to higher education to recognize that keeping students engaged in the classroom is important and the adoption of interactive learning environments can be a key driver.
Millennials and Generation Y students are especially accustomed to being a part of the lessons and not just a spectator. Students are encouraged to talk and offer their ideas to create a collaborative atmosphere where both teachers and students are sources of knowledge and insight. The teacher plays more of a facilitator role in moving the lesson along and encouraging students to participate in their own learning outcomes. Students offer their own input, additional information, and give examples of how they would apply the key concepts.
The learning task is the central aspect of the interactive presentations (instead of the teacher's energy level and hold on the students' attention spans) and the lessons evolve around it. Even though the teacher is normally, the 'presenter' in most cases the 'interaction' part comes in a variety of ways to get students participating in the lesson. Many activities, games, role-plays, quizzes, and discussions can be integrated into the presentation flow and the lessons will take different directions from there. We will discuss later many examples of tools and techniques to encourage collaborations.
Technological Aid in Interactive Presentations
Although interactive presentations can be done without technology, it is greatly aided with the adoption of tools designed to facilitate the learning process. For example, a quiz is given in the middle of the presentation. On one side, traditionally a teacher can write the quiz before the lesson starts, print out copies for all students, pass out the quiz, and collect answers. To provide feedback for the exercise the teacher will also need to grade and start a discussion on the results before moving on to the next topic. This process is time-consuming and restrictive.
With technological aid such as an interactive digital whiteboard or a classroom quizzing application on individual devices, the students and teacher can come up with the quiz questions on the spot. This digital quiz can be administrated wirelessly to all students and within seconds, the results can be shared with all participants to discuss. This greatly increases spontaneity, variability, and class involvement.
5 Interactive Presentations Ideas and Corresponding Technology Aids
1. Storytelling
The teacher does not have to be the only star. The glory of the presentation can go to all participants who have a story to tell. The main concepts can be discussed and students should be given time to come up with a personal example. This exercise helps students relate to the subject matter and getting to listen to other students' examples will drive home the concepts further. The need for the teacher to plan extensive examples and be the only one talking during the presentation is reduced. Teachers can also judge by the stories shared how much the students are understanding.
Storytelling with technology: Many digital whiteboards have Cast and Throw functions that will allow students to work on their own examples on their devices and send this to the whiteboard when sharing. This allows students to quickly go up and share their stories without sending files by email, wires, or USBs.
2. Non-linear presentation
Presentations that do not follow a strict order but organically flow from topic to topic based on the audience's feedback are a great way to engage participants. Once prepared, the presenter can flow from one topic to the next by asking questions, polling, or receiving requests at the end of each key point. This allows the audience to 'build' their own presentation on what they want to hear not in a rigid manner as with traditional slide-based presentations.
Non-linear presentation with technology : There are non-linear presentation applications like Prezi which helps presenters build presentations on easy-to-customize templates. They offer a zoomable canvas (not slides) to help people share knowledge, stories and inspire audiences to act. The canvas shows relationships between points and offers a recommended flow but not a set path to follow.
3. Polls, surveys, and quizzes
One of the most recognizable and used tools in the classroom to get a fast reaction from students are polls, surveys & quizzes. For polls, simple questions that have limited answers are used to gather a consensus. This could be in the form of a raise of hands, ballots, or having students form groups. Surveys would require printed paper sheets with multiple choices, scales, or short answers to gather opinions. Quizzes are used to quickly test a student's knowledge on what was just covered, so the class can identify weak areas and crystalize main concepts.
Polls, surveys, and quizzes can be anonymous or not. Openly requiring students to share their ideas on results such as a debate or open discussion would increase the interactives of the activity. Students can also be tasked to create questions and grade their own surveys and quizzes for an added layer of participation within the presentation.
Polls, surveys, and quizzes with technology : Many classroom management software such as Google Classroom has built-in tools to create polls, surveys, and quizzes along with assignments, communication, and other educational features. Once submitted, the collection and grading are instantaneous. The results can be shared easily with students both individually or as a group.
Is there a student – of any age – who does not like a good game, contest, or competition? Adding a small game into a presentation breaks up the normal lecture format and gets the audience to think critically to help their team win. There are many versions and adaptions of basic educational games . Teachers can take games such as Pictionary, Jeopardy, Casino, and Bingo then adapt them to their needs.
ViewSonic Originals
Free interactive teaching materials
Gamifying your interactive presentation : By integrating into the presentation links to applications like ClassCraft or Kahoot a teacher can quickly launch an interactive digital game. These applications help teachers tailor their own games by adding their questions, facts, and materials for individuals, small teams, or the whole class to participate.
5. Discussions and groups breakout sessions
Having the class only listen to a lecture marks the end of any interactive presentation. Adding sections where students can have an open discussion or breakout sessions can help students learn from each other, share insights, and have an opportunity to ask questions to their peers. It is also an opportunity for the teacher to take a break from talking and help small groups or students individually as the rest of the class converse.
Taking the discussion online for interactive presentations : Live discussion applications like NowComment allow students to markup and discuss a text in real-time which is great for peer-review activities and gather student input into one place quickly. Alternatively, Yo Tech is great for teachers to create and moderate real-time chat rooms. Students can send text-like messages, reply to other messages, and share pictures and drawings. Online chat groups are a great way for large groups of students to collaborate and interact in one place while keeping the noise level down in a classroom.
Tips for Creating Interactive Presentations
Here are some tips when creating a presentation that has interactive components:
Add in places within your lecture notes or presentation slides reminders for you to engage the audience. This could be a small image or phrase. When using digital whiteboards or other display technology you could also use a sound, empty slide, or pop-up link to prompt you to start.
Time Limits
It is great to keep going a good game or discussion in the class where everyone is really engaged. However, keep the maximum amount of time you can dedicate to these activities in mind. Have a watch or a timer on hand and keep things moving. Give enough time for students to get engaged without overdoing it. Spread out chances for students to talk and share. When it is time to move on to the next topic prepare a transition to the next part of the presentation.
Think of ways to let all students have a chance to share. You can select students randomly or have them take turns in some kind of order. Remind students that this is a learning activity and not everyone will get it right the first time. The interactive activity should be open and inclusive. Students who are introverted may be given activities that can be done without going to the front of the class or public speaking.
Benefits of Having Interactive Components in Your Presentation
- Retention: Actively having students engage with the concepts of the presentation in different ways and hearing it from different people (besides the teacher) helps with long-term retention.
- Personalization: Students are given the choice of where the presentation is heading and participate in their own learning outcomes.
- Fun: Having a break from the routine, getting a chance to move around, developing teams, and sharing are all much better than sitting silently and taking notes.
- Feedback: Adding interactive activities into a presentation gives you instant feedback about students' comprehension.
- Vocalization: Having students actually vocalize their ideas helps them internalize the concepts.
- Summarization: Students review and summarize their own main points while doing the activities so there is less need for repetition.
ViewSonic Education
Learning Solutions For the Future
Build Your Own Version of Interactive Presentations for Your Next Lesson
Bringing in the interactive components and increasing the engagement of your presentations will both help you – a teacher – and your students. Make presentations both educational and entertaining with Edutainment! With or without technology, consider incorporating some new ideas into your next interactive presentation.
If you liked reading this article, you might also want to explore our complete guide to technology in the classroom or gain more insights on engaging lessons with ViewSonic's education solutions.
Education | Mar 14 2024
Introducing Multimedia Learning Design in Education – By Owen Matson, Ph.D.
Owen Matson, Ph.D. introduces multimedia learning in education and offers educators strategies to incorporate it into their teaching methods.
Professional Development | Jan 26 2024
Why Every Teacher Needs Their Community
Discover how teacher communities provide opportunities to learn, collaborate, and grow on an educational journey with like-minded peers.
Professional Development | Jan 18 2024
The Power of the ViewSonic Education Ecosystem
The ViewSonic Education Ecosystem blends hardware, software, and services to empower educators, enhance learning, and streamline operations.
Technology in the Classroom | Dec 08 2023
Online Whiteboarding vs. Whiteboarding Apps: Which Is Better for the Classroom?
Explore digital whiteboarding in education, weighing the pros and cons of online vs. native apps to find the class setup they are best for.
Asia pacific & africa.
Got any suggestions?
We want to hear from you! Send us a message and help improve Slidesgo
Top searches
Trending searches
68 templates
6 templates
19 templates
58 templates
18 templates
14 templates
Work faster, teach better: boost your skills with Slidesgo Academy
Education Presentation templates
Manage your lessons and workshops or present a master's thesis with these free google slides themes and powerpoint templates. there's no better visual aid for teachers and students alike., related collections.
287 templates
Teacher Toolkit
121 templates
653 templates
494 templates
102 templates
977 templates
972 templates
2785 templates
Thesis Defense
673 templates
333 templates
1039 templates
35 templates
Fun Elementary Activities for April Fools' Day
Download the "Fun Elementary Activities for April Fools' Day" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides and easily edit it to fit your own lesson plan! Designed specifically for elementary school education, this eye-catching design features engaging graphics and age-appropriate fonts; elements that capture the students' attention and make the learning...
Premium template
Unlock this template and gain unlimited access
How to Find the Antiderivative of Simple Polynomials
Download the "How to find the antiderivative of simple polynomials" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides and teach with confidence. Sometimes, teachers need a little bit of help, and there's nothing wrong with that. We're glad to lend you a hand! Since Slidesgo is committed to making education better for...
Online Notebook
Use an online notebook to prepare your classes, it doesn't matter if you are a teacher of a student! In Slidesgo we have just created the perfect template for you.
Building Positive Relationships and Conflict Resolution - 4th Grade
Download the "Building Positive Relationships and Conflict Resolution - 4th Grade" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides and easily edit it to fit your own lesson plan! Designed specifically for elementary school education, this eye-catching design features engaging graphics and age-appropriate fonts; elements that capture the students' attention and make...
Elementary Activities to Celebrate Easter
Download the "Elementary Activities to Celebrate Easter" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides and easily edit it to fit your own lesson plan! Designed specifically for elementary school education, this eye-catching design features engaging graphics and age-appropriate fonts; elements that capture the students' attention and make the learning experience more...
No More Interrupting
Download the "No More Interrupting" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides and teach with confidence. Sometimes, teachers need a little bit of help, and there's nothing wrong with that. We're glad to lend you a hand! Since Slidesgo is committed to making education better for everyone, we've joined hands with...
Project Evaluation in Pre-K and Elementary
Download the "Project Evaluation in Pre-K and Elementary" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides and prepare to receive useful information. Even though teachers are responsible for disseminating knowledge to their students, they also embarked on a learning journey since the day they decided to dedicate themselves to education. You might...
Notebook Lesson
These are the last days before the Summer break! We know that there are some pending lessons that you need to prepare for your students. As they may be thinking about their friends and their holidays, catch their attention with this cool template!
Elegant Education Pack for Students
The way in which we study has changed drastically in the last year, that's why we need to be more organized than ever. In Slidesgo we want to help your students and have designed this elegant template full of resources for your classes. We added everything you could possibly ask...
Sketchnotes Lesson
There's an increasing trend in education regarding visual techniques to help students learn concepts, and it's called sketchnotes. This free presentation template focuses on this design, so you can turn a lesson into an easy teaching experience.
Problem-based Learning
Download the "Problem-based Learning" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides and prepare to receive useful information. Even though teachers are responsible for disseminating knowledge to their students, they also embarked on a learning journey since the day they decided to dedicate themselves to education. You might find this Google Slides...
Cellular Respiration and its Impact on Health Research Thesis Defense
Download the "Cellular Respiration and its Impact on Health Research Thesis Defense" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides. Congratulations, you have finally finished your research and made it to the end of your thesis! But now comes the big moment: the thesis defense. You want to make sure you showcase...
Strategic Planning in Healthcare - Master of Science in Health Administration
Download the "Strategic Planning in Healthcare - Master of Science in Health Administration" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides. As university curricula increasingly incorporate digital tools and platforms, this template has been designed to integrate with presentation software, online learning management systems, or referencing software, enhancing the overall efficiency and...
Advanced Topics in Combinatorics - Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Mathematics
Download the "Advanced Topics in Combinatorics - Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Mathematics" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides. As university curricula increasingly incorporate digital tools and platforms, this template has been designed to integrate with presentation software, online learning management systems, or referencing software, enhancing the overall efficiency and...
Discrete Mathematics: Graph Theory and Networks - 12th Grade
Download the "Discrete Mathematics: Graph Theory and Networks - 12th Grade" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides. High school students are approaching adulthood, and therefore, this template's design reflects the mature nature of their education. Customize the well-defined sections, integrate multimedia and interactive elements and allow space for research or...
English Vocabulary Workshop
Teaching new words to your students can be a very entertaining activity! Create a vocabulary workshop with this presentation adorned with doodles, wavy shapes and different hues of yellow. Review the objectives, methodology, analysis and conclusions using pie charts, maps or tables.
How to Encourage Reading in High School: 3 Activities
Download the "How to Encourage Reading in High School: 3 Activities" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides. High school students are approaching adulthood, and therefore, this template's design reflects the mature nature of their education. Customize the well-defined sections, integrate multimedia and interactive elements and allow space for research or...
English for Business and Management Workshop
English is a universal language. When it comes to business exchanges, both parties speaking English fluently can be very useful for the business to succeed. That's why this template is very interesting, as it deals with a workshop for English for business and management. Teach vocabulary related to this topic...
- Page 1 of 415
New! Make quick presentations with AI
Slidesgo AI presentation maker puts the power of design and creativity in your hands, so you can effortlessly craft stunning slideshows in minutes.
Register for free and start editing online
46 Powerful Opening Lines for a Class Presentation
Hrideep barot.
- Public Speaking
Class presentations can be extremely stressful. The way you open your presentation will determine the way the rest of your presentation goes and how it is accepted by the audience. To make things easier for you, here is a list of powerful opening lines for a Class Presentation.
Before we get into the opening lines, here are some pointers to ensure your presentation has a good structure that will keep the audience engaged.
How to structure a good presentation
State the relevance and purpose to the audience, identify a core message, divide your presentation into three parts, use a simple and clear structure, use engaging and relevant slides, practice and rehearse your delivery, q & a session.
Determine the purpose of your presentation. What do you want your audience to learn or take away from it? Consider the knowledge level, interests, and expectations of your audience. This will help you tailor your content appropriately. Explain why the information is important or relevant to your audience
Identify a single central message that you would like to communicate to your audience. Then build your presentation around that core message. Select a clear and focused topic that aligns with the objectives of the assignment or class.
A presentation can be divided into three parts: an introduction detailing the purpose and structure of the talk; a body covering the main points; and a conclusion summarizing and highlighting the significance of your talk.
A good presentation structure means analyzing the core message of your presentation. Decide on a key message you want to impart to the audience, and then craft an engaging way of delivering it.
Design engaging and suitable slides that support your message and help your audience understand your presentation. Use rhetorical questions, anecdotes, or interactive elements to keep the audience engaged. Incorporate relevant visuals or multimedia to illustrate critical points. Ensure they are clear and legible, and add value to your presentation.
Practice your presentation beforehand to ensure that you can deliver it confidently and effectively.
Invite questions from the audience. Be prepared to respond thoughtfully.
Cite your sources if applicable. This adds credibility to your presentation. In fact, provide any recommended readings or resources for further exploration.
You can divide your presentation in the following manner-
- Hook : Start with an attention-grabbing statement, question, or anecdote related to your topic.
- Presentation Statement : Clearly state the main purpose or argument of your presentation.
- Preview : Provide an overview of what you'll be covering in the presentation.
- Each main point should be a separate section or slide.
- Present one key idea per slide or section.
- Provide evidence, examples, and supporting details for each point.
- Use visuals like images, graphs, or charts to enhance understanding.
- Summary : Summarize the main points.
- Restate Thesis : Remind the audience of your main argument.
- Closing Statement : Provide a clear and impactful closing statement.
Structuring a class presentation effectively involves careful planning and organization. By following these steps, you can create a well-structured class presentation that effectively delivers your message and engages your audience.
Here are some additional tips for structuring your class presentation:
- Keep it simple: Don't try to cram too much information into your presentation. Focus on the most important points you want to communicate.
- Use a variety of presentation techniques : This could include storytelling, humor, and interactive activities.
- Be clear and concise : Avoid using jargon and technical language that your audience may not understand.
- End powerfully: Leave your audience with a memorable thought or call to action.
By following these tips, you can create a class presentation that is informative, engaging, and memorable.
A powerful opening sets the tone for your class presentation and grabs your audience's attention. Moving ahead to the main part of the article, here is a list of things you can incorporate to make your opening lines for a class presentation rather memorable.
Opening Lines for a class presentation
Ask a rhetorical question, use a startling statistic or fact, quote someone, make a provocative statement, interactive opening, visual description, make historical reference.
This is a great way to grab the audience's attention and get them thinking about your topic. For example: "Have you ever wondered how the internet works?" or "What are the ethical implications of artificial intelligence?"
1. "Have you ever wondered why [topic] affects each and every one of us?"
2. "What if I told you that [startling fact or statistic]?"
Stories are a great way to connect with your audience and make your presentation more memorable. For example, you could tell a story about a personal experience related to your topic, or a story that illustrates a key point you want to make.
3. "Let me take you back to [a specific moment in time related to your topic]."
4. "I'd like to share a personal story that illustrates the importance of [topic].
This is a great way to grab the audience's attention and make them want to learn more. For example: "Did you know that 90% of all data has been created in the past two years?" or "One in three people will experience depression at some point in their lives."
5. "Did you know that [shocking statistic]?"
6. "It might surprise you to learn that [eye-opening fact]."
This is a great way to add credibility to your presentation. For example: "According to Albert Einstein, 'Imagination is more important than knowledge.'" or "A recent study by Harvard University found that people who meditate regularly are more likely to be happy and successful."
7. "As [famous figure] once said, ' [relevant quote].'"
8. "As Neil Armstrong once said, "That's one small step for a man, a giant leap for mankind." I believe space exploration is essential for the development of mankind."
This is a great way to get the audience's attention and make them think about your topic in a new way. For example: "The future of work is remote." or "Artificial intelligence will revolutionize every industry."
9. "Today, I'm here to challenge how we think about [topic]."
10. "Let's consider a perspective on [topic] that might be different from what you've heard before."
Other than these, there are certainly other ways of opening your presentation such as:
This is a great way to engage the audience from the beginning of the presentation. This will help keep the audience hooked and trigger their thought process too.
11. "I'd like to begin with a quick exercise. Raise your hand if [question-related to your topic]."
A visual description will help the audience to draw things from their imagination and will keep them engrossed in what you have to say after.
12. "Close your eyes for a moment and imagine [vivid scene related to your topic]."
Humor can never go wrong if you know the audience you are dealing with. A good laugh will always make your presentation go a lot smoother and easier.
13. "They say that [humorous twist on your topic]. But today, we'll uncover the real story."
Pick up a historical fact or reference that is quite common or that you can prove happened. This helps engage your audience and they would want to know how is that reference relevant in the context of your topic.
14. "In [specific time period], [relevant historical event] changed the course of [topic]."
Stating something and immediately countering your own statement will confuse the audience into listening to you more keenly. Which is why it serves the purpose of having your audience's attention.
15. "While most people think [common misconception], the reality is quite different."
Remember to choose an opening that aligns with your topic and style, and be sure to transition smoothly from your opening into the main content of your presentation. Additionally, practice your opening to ensure you deliver it confidently and engagingly.
Now, let's look at some examples of opening lines for specific topics of class presentation
Opening lines for specific topics of a class presentation
Climate change, globalization and its effects, mental health awareness, artificial intelligence, gender equality, entrepreneurship, space exploration, cybersecurity, diversity and inclusion, the benefits of reading, the dangers of smoking.
- The challenges of poverty
The importance of recycling
16. "The world is on fire. Or at least it feels that way. The Amazon rainforest is burning, the Arctic is melting, and the Great Barrier Reef is dying. But we can still make a difference."
17. "Imagine a world where our coastal cities are submerged, and our weather patterns become increasingly erratic."
18. "In the next few minutes, we'll confront a reality that demands our immediate attention: the accelerating crisis of climate change."
19. "Today, our actions in one corner of the globe can have ripple effects thousands of miles away. The world truly is a web of interconnectedness."
20. "As we discuss globalization, let's remember that it's not just about economics. It's about cultures converging, traditions evolving, and societies adapting."
21. "We all have mental health. Just like we have physical health. But why is it that we're so afraid to talk about it? Why is it that we treat mental illness as a taboo topic?"
22. "Close your eyes and think about a time when you or someone you know faced a mental health challenge. It's more common than you might think."
23. "Mental health is just as important as physical health, but it is often overlooked."
24. "One in five adults in the United States experiences mental illness each year."
25. "Mental health problems can impact anyone, regardless of age, race, or socioeconomic status."
26. "Imagine a world where machines can think and learn like humans. A world where robots can do our jobs, and self-driving cars can take us anywhere we want to go. This is the world of artificial intelligence."
27. "From self-driving cars to virtual personal assistants, the rise of artificial intelligence is reshaping the way we live and work."
28. "Today, we stand on the precipice of an era where machines can not only think but learn and adapt."
29. "It's time to talk about gender equality. It's time to talk about the fact that women still earn less than men, that they are underrepresented in leadership positions, and that they face discrimination and harassment on a daily basis."
30. "What do Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg, and Elon Musk have in common? They're all entrepreneurs who started with nothing and built billion-dollar companies. But what does it take to be a successful entrepreneur?"
31. "The cosmos, with its vastness and mysteries, has beckoned explorers and dreamers for centuries. Today, we're on the cusp of new frontiers."
32. "As we look up at the night sky, it's important to remember that each star represents a potential world, waiting to be discovered."
33. "In an era where our lives are increasingly intertwined with technology, the battleground for our security has shifted to the digital realm."
34. "Picture this: a breach in cybersecurity can lead to consequences as real and impactful as a physical break-in."
35. "Diversity isn't just about ticking boxes on a checklist. It's about recognizing the richness that comes from embracing different perspectives and experiences."
36. "In this room, we each bring a unique story and perspective. Together, we have the power to shape a more inclusive world."
37. "Diversity and inclusion lead to innovation and creativity."
38. "Reading can improve your vocabulary, grammar, and writing skills."
39. "Reading can help you to learn about different cultures and perspectives."
40. "Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States."
41. "Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, and other serious health problems."
42. "Secondhand smoke is just as dangerous as smoking itself."
The challenges of poverty
43. "Poverty is a complex problem that affects millions of people around the world."
44. "Poverty can lead to hunger, homelessness, and lack of access to education and healthcare."
45. "We all have a role to play in fighting poverty."
46. "Did you know that it takes 700 years for a plastic bag to decompose?"
These opening lines can be used as inspiration to create your own powerful opening line for your class presentation. Make sure it sets the tone for the rest of your presentation.
These opening lines are designed to capture attention and provide a strong foundation for your presentation on these specific topics. Remember to follow through with compelling content and a strong conclusion to leave a lasting impression on your audience.
List of other resources for you
As a college student, presentations carry a lot of weight, so How to Give a Presentation in Class as a College Student
As talked about, organizing your presentation is essential, hence Presentation Structures: Everything You Need To Organize Your Talk
Sometimes, you can have a lot of content and not know what to remove, 14 Techniques To Ensure Audience Engagement Through Long Presentations
Doing things at the last minute is not okay, unless and until you know how to get it done effectively. Help! I Have A Presentation Tomorrow & I Am Not Prepared
Sometimes you would not have someone around to practice your presentation, and for that Have A Presentation Coming Up. Here's How You Can Practice It By Yourself
I hope this is helpful. When choosing an opening line for your presentation, be sure to consider your audience and what you want to achieve with your presentation. You can always try to get in touch with a professional to get advice on your presentation structure and how you present it. For this, check out our personalized coaching services !
Enroll in our transformative 1:1 Coaching Program
Schedule a call with our expert communication coach to know if this program would be the right fit for you
8 Ways to Rise Above the Noise to Communicate Better
How to Negotiate: The Art of Getting What You Want
10 Hand Gestures That Will Make You More Confident and Efficient
- [email protected]
- +91 98203 57888
Get our latest tips and tricks in your inbox always
Copyright © 2023 Frantically Speaking All rights reserved
Kindly drop your contact details so that we can arrange call back
Select Country Afghanistan Albania Algeria AmericanSamoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil British Indian Ocean Territory Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Christmas Island Colombia Comoros Congo Cook Islands Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Gibraltar Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Mexico Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Montserrat Morocco Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Niue Norfolk Island Northern Mariana Islands Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Romania Rwanda Samoa San Marino Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Tajikistan Thailand Togo Tokelau Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Turks and Caicos Islands Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Wallis and Futuna Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe land Islands Antarctica Bolivia, Plurinational State of Brunei Darussalam Cocos (Keeling) Islands Congo, The Democratic Republic of the Cote d'Ivoire Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Guernsey Holy See (Vatican City State) Hong Kong Iran, Islamic Republic of Isle of Man Jersey Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Republic of Lao People's Democratic Republic Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Macao Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Micronesia, Federated States of Moldova, Republic of Mozambique Palestinian Territory, Occupied Pitcairn Réunion Russia Saint Barthélemy Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan Da Cunha Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Sao Tome and Principe Somalia Svalbard and Jan Mayen Syrian Arab Republic Taiwan, Province of China Tanzania, United Republic of Timor-Leste Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Viet Nam Virgin Islands, British Virgin Islands, U.S.
25,000+ students realised their study abroad dream with us. Take the first step today
Meet top uk universities from the comfort of your home, here's your new year gift, one app for all your, study abroad needs, start your journey, track your progress, grow with the community and so much more.
Verification Code
An OTP has been sent to your registered mobile no. Please verify
Thanks for your comment !
Our team will review it before it's shown to our readers.
- School Education /
Creative Holiday Homework for Class 8 Science: Ideas and Exercises
- Updated on
- Apr 23, 2024
Here are some interesting ideas for creative holiday homework for Class 8 Science. As educators, you should understand the importance of fostering curiosity and engagement, even during vacation periods. In this blog, we have curated a diverse range of activities, exercises, projects, and frequently asked questions to make learning science not only informative but also enjoyable and interactive. So, whether you are a student seeking inspiration or a teacher looking to infuse your curriculum with creativity, join us on this journey of exploration and discovery in the fascinating world of science!
Table of Contents
- 1.1 Experiments
- 1.2 Creative Presentations
- 2.1 CBSE Class 8 Short Answer Questions
- 2.2 CBSE Class 8 MCQs
- 2.3 CBSE Class 8 Long Answer Questions
- 3 Creative Holiday Homework for Class 8 Science: Projects
Creative Holiday Homework for Class 8 Science: Ideas
To begin with, we have enlisted experiments and presentation ideas for creative holiday homework for class 8 science students.
- As teachers, you can ask students to choose a scientific concept they learned in class (like acids and bases, and chemical reactions) and design a fun and safe experiment around it. Tell students to prepare a presentation explaining the science behind the experiment.
- In addition, you can ask Class 8 students to design a working model that demonstrates a sustainable practice (like a solar water heater or a rainwater collector). Suggest they use recycled materials whenever possible and explain the science behind how their model works, once the school reopens.
- Moreover, ask your students, Is there a common science myth they have heard (like sugar makes you hyper)? Based on their answers, tell them to design an experiment to test the myth and creatively present their findings, like a comic strip or a video after the summer vacation.
Creative Presentations
- Introduce a recent scientific breakthrough or discovery to your students. Now, ask them to create a news report (written, video, or even a mock radio broadcast) during the summer vacation. Once the classes resume, ask each one of them to explain the science behind it clearly and engagingly.
- Furthermore, you can suggest students write a short story about a future technology based on scientific concepts they have learned recently. Tell them to explain how the technology works and its potential benefits or drawbacks in their respective stories.
- Besides, you can ask your pupils to research the history of a scientific discovery or invention (like vaccines or electricity). Thereafter, tell them to present their findings on a timeline or create a short play or skit showing the scientists involved and their challenges.
Also Read: Class 3 Holiday Homework- Session 2024-25
Creative Holiday Homework for Class 8 Science: Exercises
Thereafter, this section introduces different types of exercises for creative holiday homework for Class 8 Science.
CBSE Class 8 Short Answer Questions
Cbse class 8 mcqs, cbse class 8 long answer questions.
Also Read: Exciting Holiday Homework Ideas for Class 2
Creative Holiday Homework for Class 8 Science: Projects
Finally, let us have a look at projects for creative holiday homework for class 8 science.
Ans: Make holiday homework creative by incorporating art, multimedia, or interactive elements. Use storytelling, presentations, or hands-on projects. Collaborate with classmates or explore real-world applications for a unique touch.
Ans: During summer vacation, set aside specific times for homework to maintain consistency. Break tasks into manageable chunks, utilize effective study techniques and create a conducive environment. Reward yourself for completing tasks to stay motivated and ensure a balanced approach to learning and leisure.
Ans: Here are some interesting ideas: – Ask students to choose a scientific concept they learned in class (like acids and bases, and chemical reactions) and design a fun and safe experiment around it. – Suggest students write a short story about a future technology based on scientific concepts they have learned recently. Tell them to explain how the technology works and its potential benefits or drawbacks in their respective stories.
Follow the school education page of Leverage Edu to discover other holiday homework and project ideas for school students.
Ankita Singh
Ankita is a history enthusiast with a few years of experience in academic writing. Her love for literature and history helps her curate engaging and informative content for education blog. When not writing, she finds peace in analysing historical and political anectodes.
Leave a Reply Cancel reply
Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
Contact no. *
Connect With Us
25,000+ students realised their study abroad dream with us. Take the first step today.
Resend OTP in
Need help with?
Study abroad.
UK, Canada, US & More
IELTS, GRE, GMAT & More
Scholarship, Loans & Forex
Country Preference
New Zealand
Which English test are you planning to take?
Which academic test are you planning to take.
Not Sure yet
When are you planning to take the exam?
Already booked my exam slot
Within 2 Months
Want to learn about the test
Which Degree do you wish to pursue?
When do you want to start studying abroad.
January 2024
September 2024
What is your budget to study abroad?
How would you describe this article ?
Please rate this article
We would like to hear more.
Have something on your mind?
Make your study abroad dream a reality in January 2022 with
India's Biggest Virtual University Fair
Essex Direct Admission Day
Why attend .
Don't Miss Out
Child care costs make it hard for mothers to return to work. Here's what to do about it
More governmental protections, monitoring and reporting will protect this under-served class as it ascends to its rightful place in corporate boardrooms and executive suites across america..
- Brooke Goff, Esq. is founder and CEO of Goff Law Group, a woman-owned and operated personal injury law firm in Connecticut. She adapted her research to Tennessee and for Tennessee working mothers..
Approximately 43% of highly qualified women are taking a break in their careers to raise a family and 90% of those intend for it to be a temporary leave.
Re-entering the workforce after an extended absence is often a difficult path due to resume gaps, corporate biases, lack of updated training and other inherent obstacles.
It would be wise for the government to subsidize a several initiatives that help mothers obtain the necessary educational and vocational training, as well as provide funding and grants that support their return to work and assist them to achieve leadership careers.
Three solutions to addressing the needs of working mothers
Mandatory employer-offered, dependent-care fsas with enhanced contribution limits..
The cost of child care is a substantial factor in women remaining out of the workforce after childbirth.
Although these costs can vary greatly depending on the state, Tennessee boasts an average infant care cost of $8,732 .
This equates to 16.7% of the average family income in Tennessee which currently sits at $52,325.
Further, approximately 6.9% of all households in Tennessee are run by a single mother. That equates to 26% of the average annual income of a single mother of $33,333 going straight to childcare.
True, the federal government has created dependent-care flexible spending accounts (FSA), but not all companies offer then. Further, FSAs allow a maximum pre-tax contribution of $2,500 per year for a single or married-filing-single designation on a Federal Tax Return or $5,000 per year for an individual that files jointly or head-of-household. These amounts are not adequate based on the above estimates.
Creation of grants for career building programs and access to corporate recruiters
Approximately 9% of stay-at-home mothers hold a master's degree with approximately 6% earning a Ph.D. Hence, the barrier for a mother seeking to re-enter the workforce is not lack of qualifications but instead, the employer perception about their resume gap.
While being the CEO of their households, mothers have learned valuable time management, organization, and people skills, while exhibiting patience in the most difficult situations. Creating grants that enable mothers to hire a professional coach and corporate recruiter will not only instill confidence and educate them about the requisites of available positions, but also will provide a strong voice that advocates for her strengths and skills, while accommodating any restrictions that come with the new role as a mother, such as schedule, remote working, etc.
More: Tennessee's London Lamar brings child care, political representation and her son to Senate
Development of grants for accessibility of higher education, training
Creation of education grants that train mothers Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Skype will open the door to more career opportunities and increase her chances for successful, long-term career placement. The grant would encompass two years of qualified education at an accredited college that allows her to pursue certifications, access and training in a trade, and completion of a degree program.
Taking a pause in a career to raise a family should not be viewed as a liability by employers, but rather an asset. Working mothers approach each task with newfound passion, purpose, and persistence to succeed.
More governmental protections, monitoring and reporting will protect this under-served class as it ascends to its rightful place in corporate boardrooms and executive suites across America. After all, if women decide to stop having children there is no future. It is time we start rewarding women for this sacrifice rather than punishing them.
Brooke Goff, Esq. is founder and CEO of Goff Law Group, a woman-owned and operated personal injury law firm in CT. As a young, openly gay, Mom-preneur, Brooke is on a mission to ensure that mothers in the workplace celebrate their life-changing milestones without having to sidetrack their careers. Visit www.gofflawgroup.net .
Announcing Our 2024-25 Class of Fellows
We are delighted to announce our next class of Fellows, arriving in September 2024. The cohort blends Columbia faculty and post-docs with creative artists of global renown, from Cannes prize-winning animated filmmaker João Gonzalez to the Mexican novelist and short-story writer Guadalupe Nettel.
The new Fellows are working on a range of topics, including the symbiotic relationship between humans and bees, artificial intelligence in music composition, early modern ideas of race and classical revival, and the terrifying sublime in landscape photography. The full list of Fellows is below.
The Institute for Ideas and Imagination is a residential fellowship program housed at Columbia's Reid Hall in Paris, offering support for faculty and recent doctoral students from all departments and schools to work alongside writers and artists from around the world. It was launched as a presidential initiative just six years ago and now forms part of Columbia Global, which brings together global initiatives at the university, including Columbia World Projects, the Columbia Global Centers, and the Committee on Global Thought.
The 2024-25 Visiting II&I Professor will be the award-winning translator and former Fellow, Yasmine Seale , who will be teaching graduate and undergraduate courses on the Morningside campus.
Columbia University faculty and researchers are encouraged to apply to the Faculty Visitorship program at Reid Hall, jointly supported by the Paris Columbia Global Center and the Columbia Institute for Ideas and Imagination . Visitors are invited to stay for one to three weeks over the course of the academic year. The deadline for 2024- 25 is April 30, 2024. For more details about the visitorship program and how to apply, please visit our website .
In addition, the Institute's Stavros Niarchos Foundation Public Humanities Initiative provides opportunities to Columbia students and faculty to work closely with artists and cultural activists in Greece. The Institute welcomes enquiries and more details about its offerings can be found on its website .
|
'ZDNET Recommends': What exactly does it mean?
ZDNET's recommendations are based on many hours of testing, research, and comparison shopping. We gather data from the best available sources, including vendor and retailer listings as well as other relevant and independent reviews sites. And we pore over customer reviews to find out what matters to real people who already own and use the products and services we're assessing.
When you click through from our site to a retailer and buy a product or service, we may earn affiliate commissions. This helps support our work, but does not affect what we cover or how, and it does not affect the price you pay. Neither ZDNET nor the author are compensated for these independent reviews. Indeed, we follow strict guidelines that ensure our editorial content is never influenced by advertisers.
ZDNET's editorial team writes on behalf of you, our reader. Our goal is to deliver the most accurate information and the most knowledgeable advice possible in order to help you make smarter buying decisions on tech gear and a wide array of products and services. Our editors thoroughly review and fact-check every article to ensure that our content meets the highest standards. If we have made an error or published misleading information, we will correct or clarify the article. If you see inaccuracies in our content, please report the mistake via this form.
The best free AI courses (and whether AI 'micro-degrees' and certificates are worth it)
Generative AI is an astonishing technology that is not only here to stay but will impact all sectors of work and business, and it has already made unprecedented inroads into our daily lives.
We all have a lot to learn about it. Spewing out a few prompts to ChatGPT may be easy, but before you can turn all these new capabilities into productive tools, you need to grow your skills. Fortunately, there are a wide range of classes that can help.
Also: Want to work in AI? How to pivot your career in 5 steps
Many companies and schools will try to sell you on their AI education programs. But as I'll show in the following compendium of great resources, you can learn a ton about AI and even get some certifications -- all for free.
Speaking personally, I have to say that this has been really cool. I don't normally get a lot of time to hang out and watch stuff. But because I've been going hands-on with AI for you all here on ZDNET, I've had the excuse opportunity to watch a bunch of these videos. Sitting there on the couch, cup of coffee in one hand, doggo on the lap, and able to legitimately claim, "I'm working."
Also: The best AI image generators: Tested and reviewed
I have taken at least one class from each of the providers below, and they've all been pretty good. Obviously, some teachers are more compelling than others, but it's been a very helpful process. When working on AI projects for ZDNET, I've also sometimes gone back and taken other classes to shore up my knowledge and understanding.
So, I recommend you take a quick spin through my short reviews, possibly dig deeper into the linked-to articles, and bookmark all of these, because they're valuable resources. Let's get started.
- Course selection: Huge, more than 600(!) AI courses
- Program pricing: Free trial, then $19-39/mo
LinkedIn Learning is one of the oldest online learning platforms, established in 1995 as Lynda.com. The company offers an enormous library of courses on a broad range of topics. There is a monthly fee, but many companies and schools have accounts for all their employees and students.
Also: Two powerful LinkedIn Premium features that make the subscription worth it
LinkedIn Learning (and Lynda.com, which is what it started) has probably been the one online education site I've used more than any other. I've used it regularly since at least the end of the 1990s. For years, I paid for a membership. Then I got a membership as an alum of my grad school, which is how I use it now. So many courses on so many topics, it's a great go-to learning resource.
I took two classes on LinkedIn Learning. Here's my testimonial on one of them.
I also took the two-hour Machine Learning with Python: Foundations course, which had a great instructor -- Prof. Frederick Nwanganga -- who was previously unknown to me. I have to hand it to LinkedIn. They choose people who know how to teach.
I learned a lot in this course, especially about how to collect and prepare data for machine learning. I also was able to stretch my Python programming knowledge, specifically about how a machine learning model can be built in Python. In just two hours, I felt like I got a friendly and comprehensive brain dump.
You can read more here: How LinkedIn's free AI course made me a better Python developer.
Since there are so many AI courses, you're bound to find a helpful series. To get you started, I've picked three that might open some doors:
- ChatGPT Tips for the Help Desk: Learn to apply strategic planning, prompt engineering, and agent scripting, as well as other AI techniques, to AI operations.
- Machine Learning with Python: Foundations: Get step-by-step guidance on how to get started with machine learning via Python.
- Building Career Agility and Resilience in the Age of AI: Learn how to reimagine your career to adapt and find success in the age of AI.
It's worth checking with your employer, agency, or school to see if you qualify for a free membership. Otherwise, you can pay by month or year (the by-year option is about half price).
- Course selection: Quite a lot
- Program pricing: Many free, some on a paid subscription
Amazon puts the demand in infrastructure on demand. Rather than building out their own infrastructure, many companies now rely on Amazon to provide scalable cloud infrastructure on demand. Nearly every aspect of IT technology is available for rent from Amazon's wide range of web services. This also includes a fairly large spectrum of individual AI services from computer vision to human-sounding speech to Bedrock, which "makes LLMs from Amazon and leading AI startups available through an API."
Amazon also offers a wide range of training courses for all these services. Some of them are available for free, while others are available via a paid subscription. Here are three of the free courses you can try out:
- Amazon CodeWhisperer – Getting Started: Learn about Amazon CodeWhisperer, an AI coding companion designed to help developers get more done, faster.
- Amazon Bedrock -- Getting Started: Learn about Amazon's service for building generative AI applications.
- Twitch Series: AWS Power Hour Introduction to Machine Learning for Developers: This is a recording of a Twitch-based learning chat series. It helps you learn the foundations of machine learning and get a practical perspective on what developers really need to know to get started with machine learning.
In addition to classes located on Amazon's sites, they also have quite a few classes on YouTube. I spent a fun and interesting weekend gobbling up the Generative AI Foundations series, which is an entire playlist of cool stuff to learn about AI.
If you're using or even just considering AWS-based services, these courses are well worth your time.
- Course selection: Fairly broad IT and career building
- Program pricing: Free
IBM, of course, is IBM. It led the AI pack for years with its Watson offerings. Its generative AI solution is called Watsonx. It focuses on enabling businesses to deploy and manage both traditional machine learning and generative AI, tailored to their unique needs.
Also: Have 10 hours? IBM will train you in AI fundamentals - for free
The company's SkillsBuild Learning classes offer a lot, providing basic training for a few key IT job descriptions -- including cybersecurity specialist, data analyst, user experience designer, and more.
Right now, there's only one free AI credential, but it's one that excited a lot of our readers. That's the AI Fundamentals learning credential, which offers six courses. You need to be logged in to follow the link. But registration is easy and free. When you're done, you get an official credential, which you can list on LinkedIn. After I took the course, I did just that -- and, of course, I documented it for you:
See: How to add a new credential to your LinkedIn profile, and why you should
My favorite was the AI Ethics class, which is an hour and 45 minutes. Through real-world examples you'll learn about AI ethics, how they are implemented, and why AI ethics are so important in building trustworthy AI systems.
- Course selection: More than 30 AI-focused courses
- Program pricing: Free
DeepLearning is an education-focused company specializing in AI training. The company is constantly adding new courses that provide training, mostly for developers, in many different facets of AI technology. It partnered with OpenAI (the makers of ChatGPT) to create a number of pretty great courses.
I took the ChatGPT Prompt Engineering for Developers course below, which was my first detailed introduction to the ChatGPT API. If you're at all interested in how coders can use LLMs like ChatGPT, this course is worth your time. Just the interspersing of traditional code with detailed prompts that look more like comments than commands can help you get your head around integrating these two very different styles of coding.
Read more: I took this free AI course for developers in one weekend and highly recommend it
Three courses I recommend you check out are:
- ChatGPT Prompt Engineering for Developers: Go beyond the chat box. Use API access to leverage LLMs into your own applications, and learn to build a custom chatbot.
- Evaluating and Debugging Generative AI Models Using Weights and Biases: Learn MLOps tools for managing, versioning, debugging, and experimenting in your ML workflow.
- Large Language Models with Semantic Search: Learn to use LLMs to enhance search and summarize results.
With AI such a hot growth area, I never cease to be amazed at the vast quantity of high-value courseware available for free. Definitely bookmark DeepLearning and keep checking back as it adds more courses.
- Course selection: Thousands of courses on AI alone
- Program pricing: Free trial, then $20/mo. Courses also sold individually.
Udemy is a courseware aggregator that publishes courses produced by individual trainers. That makes course style and quality a little inconsistent, but the rating system does help the more outstanding trainers rise to the top. Udemy has a free trial, which is why it's on this list.
Read more: I'm a ChatGPT pro but this quick course taught me new tricks, and you can take it for free
I spent some time in Steve Ballinger's Complete ChatGPT Course For Work 2023 (Ethically)! and found it quite helpful. Clocking in at a little over two hours, it helps you understand how to balance ChatGPT with your work processes, while keeping in mind the ethics and issues that arise from using AI at work.
It also sells a $20/mo all-you-can-eat plan, as well as its courses individually. I honestly can't see why anyone would buy the courses individually, since most of them cost more for one course than the entire library does on a subscription.
Also: I'm taking AI image courses for free on Udemy with this little trick - and you can too
Here are three courses you might want to check out:
- ChatGPT Masterclass: ChatGPT Guide for Beginners to Experts!: Gain a professional understanding of ChatGPT, and learn to produce high-quality content seamlessly and grow earning potential.
- Discover, Validate & Launch New Business Ideas with ChatGPT: Learn how to generate startup ideas, evaluate their potential, and test them with customers in real life.
- Midjourney Mastery: Create Visually Stunning AI Art: Learn how to use Midjourney to create art.
One of the more interesting aspects of Udemy is that you may find courses on very niche applications of AI, which might not suit vendors offering a more limited selection of mainstream courses. If you have a unique application need, don't hesitate to spend some extra time searching for just the right course.
- Course selection: One AI course
- Program pricing: Free
Google's Grow With Google program offers a fairly wide range of certificate programs, which are normally run through Coursera. Earning one of those certificates often requires paying a subscription fee. But we're specifically interested in one Grow With Google program, which is aimed at teachers, and does not involve any fees.
The Generative AI for Educators class, developed in concert with MIT's Responsible AI for Social Empowerment and Education, is a 2-hour program designed to help teachers learn about generative AI, and how to use it in the classroom.
Also: Google and MIT launch a free generative AI course for teachers
Generative AI is a big challenge in education because it can provide amazing support for students and teachers and, unfortunately, provide an easy way out for students to cheat on their assignments. So a course that can help teachers come up to speed on all the issues can be very powerful.
The course provides a professional development certificate on completion, and this one is free.
Why should you trust me?
I've been working with AI for a very long time. I conducted one of the first-ever academic studies of AI ethics as a thesis project way back in the day. I created and launched an expert system development environment before the first link was connected on the World Wide Web. I did some of the first research of AI on RISC-based computing architectures (the chips in your phone) when RISC processors were the size of refrigerators.
Also: Six skills you need to become an AI prompt engineer
When it comes to the courses and programs I'm spotlighting here, there's no way I could take all of them. But I have taken at least one course from each vendor, in order to test them out and report back to you. And, given my long background in the world of AI, this is a topic that has fascinated and enthralled me for most of my academic and professional career.
With all that, I will say that the absolute high point was when I could get an AI to talk like a pirate.
Some companies are promoting micro-degrees. They seem expensive, but fast, but are they any good?
Let's be clear: A micro-degree is not a degree. It's a set of courses with a marketing name attached. Degrees are granted by accredited academic institutions, accredited by regional accrediting bodies. I'm not saying you won't learn anything in those programs. But they're not degrees and they may cost more than just-as-good courses that don't have a fancy marketing name attached.
So, do certificates have any value?
Yes, but how much value they have depends on your prospective employer's perspective. A certificate says you completed some course of study successfully. That might be something of value to you, as well. You can set a goal to learn a topic, and if you get a credential, you can be fairly confident you achieved some learning. Accredited degrees, by contrast, are an assurance that you not only learned the material, but did so according to some level of standard and rigor common to other accredited institutions.
Also: How to write better ChatGPT prompts in 5 steps
My advice: If you can get a certificate, and the price for getting it doesn't overly stretch your budget, go ahead and get it. It still is a resume point. But don't fork over bucks on the scale of a college tuition for some promise that you'll get qualified for a job faster and easier than, you know, going to college.
|
The first sign of baking soda toxicity is vomiting. A dog might also experience diarrhea, lethargy, depression, seizures and tremors, disorientation, and shortness of breath. Untreated, this might lead to massive electrolyte imbalances, congestive heart failure, and even death.
Is baking soda safe for dogs skin?
Baking soda contains no harmful chemicals and poses no danger to children or pets unless it is ingested in large amounts. Always consult your veterinarian before using baking soda on your pet and spot test before using baking soda to clean carpets and furniture.
Can I put baking soda in my dogs water?
You can use baking soda to:
Clean dog dishes – Baking soda is also an abrasive, making it a good choice for cleaning out dog bowls. Combine equal parts baking soda, water, and salt to make a paste you can use to scrub bowls with. Be sure to rinse them well once they are clean.
Will baking soda kill fleas on dogs?
Baking soda has no known effect on fleas. Myth 6: Use lice shampoos for humans on the pet. Maybe! Shampoos and other topical treat meant for lice in humans contain pyrethrins, organic compounds also found in many flea shampoos labeled for dogs and cats.
Is baking soda harmful to dogs?
While it is never a good idea to feed your dogs baking soda, accidental ingestion of small amounts should prove harmless. However, as with all things, it can get toxic if they consume large quantities.
Is vinegar harmful to dogs?
Key Takeaways. Many dogs do not react well to vinegar because it can cause gastrointestinal upset. Small dogs with sensitive stomachs and dogs with kidney disease do not do well with vinegar. Small amounts of diluted vinegar should be fine to use around the house without affecting your dog.
Is apple cider vinegar safe for dogs?
Never give apple cider vinegar undiluted to your dog since it is acidic. Also, never use apple cider vinegar on open wounds, cuts, or sores because it burns. Using apple cider vinegar too frequently may also lead to dry skin and irritation in some dogs.
What can I put in my dogs water to freshen breath?
Adding roughly half a teaspoon of raw organic apple cider vinegar to your dog's water bowl can help freshen up breath. Supplementing your pup's regular diet with a probiotic formulated specifically for dogs can help balance healthy oral bacteria and keep breath smelling fresh.
Why do dog water bowls get slimy?
You have probably noticed a thick, slimy residue on your dog's food and water bowls when you pick them up to wash or refill them. The technical name for this slime is biofilm. Your dog's mouth and tongue contain bacteria that bind together and stick to the surface of a bowl after he has licked it.
What kills fleas on dogs instantly home remedies?
Flea home remedies
- Dish soap. This home flea remedy involves creating a flea trap using dish soap and some water. …
- Herbal flea spray. Rapid home remedies suggest using an herbal flea spray to get rid of fleas from your home. …
- Baking soda. …
- Salt. …
- Lemon spray. …
- Diatomaceous earth. …
- Rosemary. …
- Flea repelling plants.
How do you make homemade flea spray?
Creating your flea spray is as simple as diluting the vinegar with water. Some people recommend mixing equal parts vinegar and water. Others recommend mixing one part vinegar with three parts water. Experiment with both formulas to see which works best for you.
What is a natural flea killer for dogs?
Citronella, eucalyptus, peppermint, tea tree, and rosemary will all naturally repel fleas. If your dog doesn't mind a spray bottle, dilute a few drops of your chosen essential oil into a 300ml-400ml of water and spray directly onto your dog's coat.
Is Honey safe for dogs?
Honey is safe for dogs to eat in small quantities. It contains natural sugars and small amounts of vitamins and minerals, and is used as a sweetener in many foods and beverages.
Can dogs eat food with baking powder?
Baking Powder and Baking Soda: Consumed in large quantities, baking powder and baking soda are toxic for dogs.
Is baking soda on carpet bad for dogs?
Safety Tip: Large amounts of baking soda can be toxic to pets, causing illness, muscle spasms and even heart failure. Keep your dogs away from any area while you are treating it with baking soda. Close off the area you are cleaning from your pet. Liberally sprinkle baking soda over the soiled or smelly carpet.
|
A Hilarious Look at AI
John Oliver, the beloved host of HBO's Last Week Tonight, recently took a deep dive into the world of Artificial intelligence in a segment that left viewers both informed and entertained. Oliver's unique brand of humor and wit shone brightly as he tackled the complex and often confusing topic of AI.
Image Source: ytimg.com
In typical John Oliver Fashion, the segment began with a comedic introduction that set the tone for the rest of the piece. Oliver's sharp wit and rapid-fire delivery kept viewers engaged as he delved into the intricacies of artificial intelligence. From self-driving cars to facial recognition technology, Oliver covered a wide range of AI applications with his trademark mix of humor and insight.
One of the highlights of the segment was Oliver's exploration of the potential dangers of AI. He highlighted the ethical concerns surrounding the use of artificial intelligence in areas such as surveillance and decision-making. Oliver's humorous take on these serious issues served to inform viewers while keeping them entertained.
Throughout the segment, Oliver also touched on the ways in which AI is already impacting our daily lives. From algorithms that dictate what content we see on social media to virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa, artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly prevalent in today's society. Oliver's comedic commentary on these developments helped to demystify the world of AI for his audience.
One of the most memorable moments of the segment came when Oliver introduced his own AI creation, Jeff the AI. Jeff, with his quirky personality and penchant for bad jokes, quickly became a fan favorite. Oliver used Jeff to illustrate the capabilities and limitations of artificial intelligence in a way that was both informative and entertaining.
Overall, John Oliver's hilarious look at AI was a resounding success. By combining humor with in-depth analysis, Oliver was able to educate his audience about the complexities of artificial intelligence in a way that was engaging and accessible. His unique ability to make even the most daunting topics approachable has solidified his reputation as one of the most insightful and entertaining voices in the world of late-night television.
As technology continues to advance at a rapid pace, it is more important than ever for the public to stay informed about the implications of artificial intelligence. Thanks to John Oliver's comedic genius, viewers were able to gain a better understanding of AI and its potential impact on society. Whether you're a tech enthusiast or a casual viewer, Oliver's hilarious look at AI is a must-watch for anyone who wants to stay informed about the latest developments in technology.
John Oliver's Deep Dive into Artificial intelligence
John Oliver, the witty and insightful host of Last Week Tonight, has once again tackled a complex and important topic in his signature style. This time, he set his sights on the world of artificial intelligence (AI), delivering a hilarious yet informative segment that left viewers both entertained and enlightened.
Oliver began his deep dive into AI by acknowledging the incredible advancements that have been made in the field in recent years. From self-driving cars to virtual assistants, AI has become an integral part of our daily lives. However, Oliver also highlighted the potential dangers and ethical concerns that come with the rapid development of AI technology.
One of the key points Oliver made in his segment was the issue of bias in AI algorithms. He pointed out that these algorithms are often trained on data that is riddled with biases, which can lead to discriminatory outcomes in areas such as hiring, loan approvals, and even criminal justice. This raised important questions about the need for transparency and accountability in AI systems.
Oliver also delved into the issue of job displacement caused by Automation, another consequence of the rise of AI. He highlighted the fact that many low-skilled workers are at risk of losing their jobs to AI-powered machines, leading to economic instability and social unrest. This sparked a conversation about the importance of retraining programs and policies to help workers transition to new roles in the age of AI.
In typical John Oliver Fashion, the segment was filled with humor and wit, making even the most complex topics accessible and engaging to a wide audience. His ability to break down complicated concepts into digestible chunks is what sets him apart as a master of satire and social commentary.
Throughout the segment, Oliver emphasized the need for informed and thoughtful conversations about AI, urging viewers to stay engaged and educated on this rapidly evolving technology. He stressed the importance of not only celebrating the advancements made possible by AI but also being critical of its potential pitfalls.
As viewers watched Oliver navigate the complex world of AI with his trademark blend of humor and insight, they couldn't help but be entertained and informed. His ability to shine a light on important issues while keeping audiences engaged is a testament to his talent as a comedian and commentator.
In the end, John Oliver's deep dive into the world of artificial intelligence served as a reminder of the power of comedy to provoke thought and spark conversation. As we continue to grapple with the challenges and opportunities presented by AI, it's important to approach the topic with an open mind and a sense of humor – just like John Oliver would. Stay informed, stay engaged, and above all, stay curious about the world of artificial intelligence.
The Ins and Outs of Artificial intelligence
In the fast-paced world of technology, one topic that has been making waves recently is artificial intelligence (AI). From self-driving cars to virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa, AI is everywhere we look. And who better to break it down for us than the ever-entertaining John Oliver?
On a recent episode of his show, John Oliver took a deep dive into the world of artificial intelligence, providing viewers with a hilarious yet informative look at this complex and fascinating technology. So, what are the ins and outs of artificial intelligence that we need to know about?
First and foremost, it's important to understand what exactly artificial intelligence is. At its core, AI refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. This includes tasks such as problem-solving, speech recognition, and decision-making.
One of the key aspects of AI that John Oliver touched on in his segment is the potential impact it could have on the workforce. As AI technology continues to advance, there is concern that many jobs could be replaced by machines and Automation. This has sparked a debate about the ethics of AI and the need to ensure that human workers are not left behind in the age of automation.
Another important point to consider is the ethical implications of artificial intelligence. As machines become more intelligent and autonomous, questions arise about how we should regulate and control this technology. Issues such as privacy, security, and bias in AI algorithms are all areas that need to be addressed as we move forward with this technology.
Despite the potential pitfalls, there are also many exciting opportunities that artificial intelligence brings. From healthcare to finance to transportation, AI has the potential to revolutionize industries and improve the way we live and work. It's important to stay informed about the latest developments in AI and how they may impact our lives.
John Oliver's comedic take on artificial intelligence serves as a reminder that while this technology may be complex and sometimes daunting, it's also important to approach it with a sense of humor and curiosity. By staying informed and engaged with the world of AI, we can better understand its potential benefits and challenges.
So, the next time you hear about artificial intelligence in the news, remember to consider the ins and outs of this fascinating technology. And who knows, maybe John Oliver will be there to provide some laughs along the way! Stay informed, stay curious, and embrace the world of artificial intelligence.
Stay Informed with John Oliver!
In a world where technology is constantly evolving, it can be hard to keep up with all the latest advancements. From self-driving cars to virtual assistants, Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming more and more prevalent in our daily lives. And who better to help us navigate this complex world of AI than the one and only John Oliver?
John Oliver, the host of HBO's Last Week Tonight, is known for his witty commentary on current events and social issues. In a recent episode, Oliver took a deep dive into the world of artificial intelligence, shedding light on some of the most pressing issues and concerns surrounding this rapidly advancing technology.
One of the key points Oliver highlighted in his segment was the importance of staying informed about AI. With new developments and breakthroughs happening at a rapid pace, it's crucial for all of us to stay up to date on the latest news and information about artificial intelligence. Whether you're a tech enthusiast or just a curious observer, staying informed about AI can help you better understand the impact it has on our society.
Oliver also touched on the potential dangers of AI, raising important questions about ethics and accountability. As AI continues to become more integrated into our daily lives, it's essential to consider the potential risks and consequences of relying on this technology. By staying informed and being aware of the potential pitfalls of AI, we can work towards creating a more responsible and ethical future for artificial intelligence.
But it's not all doom and gloom when it comes to AI. Oliver also highlighted some of the exciting possibilities and innovations that artificial intelligence has to offer. From improving healthcare and transportation to enhancing our daily routines, AI has the potential to revolutionize the way we live and work.
So how can you stay informed about AI like John Oliver? One way is to follow reliable sources of information on artificial intelligence, such as reputable news outlets and tech blogs. By keeping up with the latest articles and reports on AI, you can stay informed about the latest developments and trends in the world of artificial intelligence.
Another way to stay informed about AI is to engage with the AI community online. Whether it's through social media, online forums, or attending tech conferences, connecting with others who are passionate about artificial intelligence can help you stay up to date on the latest news and discussions in the field.
And of course, you can always rely on John Oliver to provide his unique and hilarious take on AI. With his sharp wit and insightful commentary, Oliver can help make complex topics like artificial intelligence more accessible and entertaining for everyone.
In conclusion, staying informed about artificial intelligence is crucial in today's rapidly evolving tech landscape. By following reliable sources of information, engaging with the AI community, and tuning into John Oliver's commentary on the subject, you can stay up to date on all things AI and be better prepared to navigate the exciting and sometimes challenging world of artificial intelligence. So don't be left in the dark – stay informed with John Oliver!
john oliver artificial intelligence
|
Java += With Code Examples
With this article, we'll look at some examples of Java += problems in programming.
// The addition assignment operator ( += ) adds the value of the // right operand to a variable and assigns the result to the variable.
The solution to the same problem, Java +=, can also be found in a different method, which will be discussed further down with some code examples.
int x = 0; x += 1.1; // just fine; hidden cast, x == 1 after assignment x = x + 1.1; // won't compile! 'cannot convert from double to int'
int x = 10; x += 10; // x = x + 10; i.e. x = 20 x =+ 5; // Equivalent to x = +5, so x = 5.
Using many examples, we've learned how to tackle the Java += problem.
One of the most widely used programming languages, Java is used as the server-side language for most back-end development projects, including those involving big data and Android development. Java is also commonly used for desktop computing, other mobile computing, games, and numerical computing.12-Apr-2019
What Does Java Mean? Java is an object-oriented programming language that produces software for multiple platforms. When a programmer writes a Java application, the compiled code (known as bytecode) runs on most operating systems (OS), including Windows, Linux and Mac OS.27-Nov-2020
Java is a powerful general-purpose programming language. It is used to develop desktop and mobile applications, big data processing, embedded systems, and so on. According to Oracle, the company that owns Java, Java runs on 3 billion devices worldwide, which makes Java one of the most popular programming languages.
There's also plenty of Java tools that make it easy for developers and beginners to use. There are many other good reasons which makes Java as the first choice of any programmer: Java is Open Source which means its available free of cost. Java is simple and so easy to learn.
Java is a platform-independent, object-oriented programming language (OOP). It is not to be confused with JavaScript, a scripting language used to create dynamic web pages. Due to its reliability and ease of use, Java is one of the most popular programming languages in the world.26-Jul-2022
Java is generally faster and more efficient than Python because it is a compiled language. As an interpreted language, Python has simpler, more concise syntax than Java. It can perform the same function as Java in fewer lines of code.
Java is a high-level, general-purpose, object-oriented, and secure programming language developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems, Inc. in 1991. It is formally known as OAK. In 1995, Sun Microsystem changed the name to Java. In 2009, Sun Microsystem takeover by Oracle Corporation.
There are four platforms of the Java programming language:
Important tips and links to get you started
Java is a well-structured, object-oriented language, which can be considered easy for beginners. You can master it quite rapidly, as there are many processes that run automatically. You don't have to delve into "how the things work in there" too deep.12-Feb-2019
|
2024 is a leap year, meaning Thursday, Feb. 29 is a once-in-every-four-year event.
Since leap years typically happen every four years (although there are some exceptions), our last leap days were in 2020 and 2016, and the next leap year will happen in 2028.
And since this is a day that doesn't come around often, people are celebrating in different ways, with businesses offering special deals in commemoration and others finally celebrating their Feb. 29 birthday.
Here's everything you need to know about leap day, including what is it, why it comes every four years and when it was created.
What is leap day?
Leap day is an extra day that gets added to the calendar. During a leap year, which occurs every four years, leap day falls on Feb. 29, giving the shortest month of the year one added day.
Why is leap day every four years?
The reason there are leap days, and years, is because of the Earth's orbit.
The amount of days it takes for the Earth to complete a full revolution around the Sun is not a whole number. The 365 days we experience is actually 365.242190 days, according to the National Air and Space Museum.
Getting rid of those 0.242190 days adds up.
That fraction allows seasons to correctly line up each year. If leap day was left off the calendar, the months during which we normally experience each season would eventually shift. This would impact other aspects of life, such as the growing and harvesting of crops.
Who created leap day?
The concept of adding leap days is not new and has been around for millennia, Britannica reports. Some calendars – such as the Hebrew, Chinese and Buddhist calendars – contained leap months, also known as "intercalary or interstitial months," according to the History Channel.
By the 16th century, time had shifted again and not in a good way. Major dates had changed, including Easter. The holiday is supposed to occur on the first Sunday following the first full moon on or after the spring equinox. At the time, Easter's date had moved by about 10 days.
To fix this, Pope Gregory XIII introduced the Gregorian calendar, which kept a leap day every four years but eliminated it during centurial years not divisible by 400, according to the History Channel. This is why 1700, 1800 and 1900 were not leap years, but 2000 was.
Despite its accuracy, the Gregorian calendar is not flawless. Instead of being off by one day every 128 years like the Julian calendar, the Gregorian calendar falls short once every 3,030 years, the History Channel reports.
Just Curious for more? We've got you covered
USA TODAY is exploring the questions you and others ask every day. From "What is the olive theory?" to "How many dog breeds are there?" to "How many Zodiac signs are there?" − we're striving to find answers to the most common questions you ask every day. Head to our Just Curious section to see what else we can answer.
Leap year 2024: Google released a doodle on Thursday, February 29, to mark 'Leap Day.' This doodle is unique so far as its reach in terms of visibility spans almost the entire world.
Google's doodle depicts a frog marked with the leap day date set amid a setting involving the dates February 28 and March 1. The Leap Day date vanishes as the frog jumps. This setting is illustrated against the background of a pond with stones and leaves where the word 'Google' can be identified in the background
Moreover, the description with this moving illustration states, "Ribbiting news, it's Leap Day! Leap Day, February 29th, only occurs about every four years, to keep our calendars in alignment with the Earth and sun. Enjoy this bonus day of February — Happy Leap Day!"
|
Many patients wear glasses or contacts to treat refractive errors like myopia and hyperopia. These common refractive errors have many similarities but aren't the same condition.
Myopia and hyperopia both cause blurry vision, but they have some differences. They affect vision from different distances, and myopia commonly progresses while hyperopia doesn't. Myopia progression can affect your child's future vision and eye health.
What Is Myopia?
Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a common vision problem. It occurs due to the shape of someone's eye—it can be too long, or the cornea may have a steep curve, causing light to focus in front of the retina instead of on it.
Symptoms of myopia include:
- Blurry vision
- Strained eyes
- Frequent squinting
Myopia typically develops during childhood and can progress over time, leading to more severe nearsightedness if left untreated. Children with myopia might not recognize their visual struggles because they assume everyone sees the same.
You can look for signs of myopia in your child, such as struggles in school, frequent eye rubbing, or a tendency to sit near the TV or at the front in class, to know when to book an eye exam.
Other factors that can influence myopia development include:
What Is Hyperopia?
Hyperopia (farsightedness) is a refractive error where nearby objects appear blurry while objects at a distance appear clear. This occurs when the eye is shorter than normal, causing light to focus behind the retina instead of directly on it.
Some common hyperopia symptoms include:
- Blurred vision
- Headaches
- Tired eyes
- Eye strain
- Difficulty reading close-up words
Hyperopia can be corrected with prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses. Some patients may also seek laser eye surgery to help improve their vision without needing corrective lenses.
What's the Difference Between Myopia & Hyperopia?
There are multiple differences between myopia and hyperopia, the main one being that each condition affects vision differently. Myopia causes blurry vision when looking at distant objects, while hyperopia causes blurred vision when looking at nearby objects.
Another difference between these refractive errors is that myopia can progress with time during childhood, placing your child's vision and eye health at risk.
Myopia Progression Can Affect Your Child's Eye Health
Myopia progression can affect your child's vision as they get older. This progression tends to stabilize in early adulthood, which means your child's myopia can worsen for years, causing them to rely on strong prescriptions when they're older.
Besides vision, myopia progression can risk your child's eye health. When myopia becomes severe, it's known as high myopia.
High myopia means that your child requires significant vision correction to see clearly. It also increases the risk of many eye conditions.
Someone with high myopia is at a greater risk of developing:
While high myopia can significantly affect your child's eye health and vision, early diagnosis and treatment can help slow its progression.
How Can You Treat Myopia Progression?
Myopia progression can seem scary, but there are treatments available to help slow progression. Myopia control treatments, such as specialized contact lenses, orthokeratology, or medicated eye drops, affect how the eye grows to limit its axial (lengthwise) growth.
It's important to note that no treatment will 100% slow myopia progression. We may recommend several treatments to help protect your child's vision.
Orthokeratology (Ortho-K)
Orthokeratology is a common myopia treatment. Your child wears these contacts while they sleep, where the lenses gently reshape the cornea, providing clear vision during the day without needing glasses or contacts.
Studies have shown that ortho-k can effectively slow myopia progression in children.
Specialty Contact Lenses
While traditional single-vision contact lenses can't control myopia progression, specialized lenses can. These lenses work by adjusting how light enters the eye, which can help slow eye growth.
Many specialized contacts exist for myopia control today, including ACUVUE Ability 1-Day and MiSight lenses.
Myopia Eyeglasses
Regular eyeglasses focus light on the centre of the retina but behind the retina in the periphery (side), stimulating the eye to grow longer. Myopia control eyeglasses focus light on or in front of the retina in the periphery, signalling the eye to stop or slow its growth. This mechanic is called "peripheral defocus" and is achieved in different ways between the different brands.
The aim of these glasses is to slow the growth of the eye and mitigate high levels of myopia.
Atropine Eye Drops
Atropine is a medication with multiple uses, one of which is myopia control. It's been found to be effective at slowing myopia progression by 30–50%, although the mechanism behind how it works isn't known.
Alongside atropine use, your child will need to wear their usual glasses or contact lenses during the day.
Find the Right Treatment for Your Child's Needs
While myopia and hyperopia both affect vision, myopia can significantly impact your child's future. This condition can progress and increase their risk of eye disease. However, we can help diagnose and treat myopia as early as possible.
Contact Lowy & Sewell Eye Care if your child experiences myopia symptoms.
|
Adolescent Health and Youth Development Symposium
Adolescence is a phase of life between childhood and adulthood, from ages ten (10) to nineteen (19) and considered period of rapid development. Physical, hormonal, neurological and psychosocial changes make this a time of adventure and learning. As health service providers, it is imperative that we ensure their health and safety while allowing them to learn and grow into well-informed, empowered, responsible and healthy citizens who will be future leaders in the society.
In recent years, issues such as early pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (HIV and AIDS), substance abuse, violence and mental illness threatened to derail the vision of adolescents into becoming healthy and productive citizens of this country. One of the strategic interventions to answer the current health issues among adolescents is to introduce and educate them about Adolescent Health and Youth Development.
Ever cognizant of the importance of this life phase, the Provincial Health Office conducted a 1-Day Adolescent Health and Youth Development Symposium among selected Grade 12 students of Jacinto P. Elpa National High School held at Vicente T. Pimentel Jr. Hall (formerly known as Social Hall), Capitol Hills, Telaje, Tandag City last October 12, 2022.
Topics discussed during the symposium are the following:
1. Adolescent Immunization
2. Drugs and Substance Abuse
3. HIV /AIDS and STI
4. National Voluntary Blood Services Program
5. Nutrition for Adolescence and Recommended Physical Activities
6. Basic Anatomy and Physiology of Male and Female Reproductive Organs
7. Teenage Pregnancy
8. Gender and Development on Adolescence
9. Adolescent Mental Health
"Young people are the world's greatest untapped resource. Adolescents can be the key driving forces in building a future of dignity for all. - Anonymous"
|
This Task Deck is based on the lyrics of one of Adele's greatest hits. The song could be a good starting point for discussions on various emotional and relationship-related topics. It is also perfect for reminding students of the differences between American and British vocabulary.
Task 1
Note: Don't expect correct answers at this stage. In fact, it doesn't matter if the students understand the intended message of the song. What's important is just giving your students the opportunity to express themselves on what they think the song is about. As a joke, you could also mention that sometimes when people listen to the song for the first time they think it is about debt collectors, and it is called "Chasing Payments".
Task 2
Note: Just like before, don't expect the students to give you the correct answer, but encourage them to guess all possible meanings of "chasing pavements". Tell them that the phrase was coined by Adele and is not normally used in the English language. After the students share their views, refer them to Adele's comment on the meaning of the song on the next slide.
Task 3
I've made up my mind.
build oneself up
fly around in circles
my heart drops
Task 4
a flat - an apartment
rubbish - garbage
a sweet - a candy
a cooker - a stove
a pram - a baby-carriage
a single ticket - a one-way ticket
a biscuit - a cookie
the cinema - the movies
a tap - a faucet
an off-licence - a liquor store
a lorry - a truck
a torch - a flashlight
trousers - pants
a chemist's - a drug store
an estate agent - a realtor
a lift - an elevator
|
Welcome to Garage Roof Repair blog! In this article, we will explore the different types of roofs and determine which one is the most cost-effective and economical option. We will examine various factors such as materials, installation, and maintenance costs to provide you with valuable insights. Stay tuned for expert advice on choosing the perfect roof for your garage!
Comparing Cost: Which Garage Roofing Option is More Affordable?
Comparing Cost: Which Garage Roofing Option is More Affordable?
When it comes to garage roof repair, comparing the costs of different roofing options is essential. Factors such as material, labor, and durability play a significant role in determining affordability.
Asphalt shingles are often the most cost-effective option for garage roofs. They are popular due to their relatively low material and installation costs. Asphalt shingles are also available in a wide range of colors and styles, offering versatility and aesthetic appeal.
Metal roofs, on the other hand, tend to have a higher upfront cost compared to asphalt shingles. However, they offer long-term cost savings in terms of durability and maintenance. Metal roofs can last up to 50 years or more, significantly reducing replacement and repair expenses over time.
Flat roofs are another popular choice for garages, especially in commercial settings. While the initial installation cost can be higher, flat roofs are known for their longevity and low maintenance requirements. They provide excellent weather protection and are resistant to leaks.
It's important to consider the specific needs and budget constraints when determining which garage roofing option is more affordable. Consulting with a professional roofing contractor can help in making an informed decision based on the individual circumstances.
In conclusion, while asphalt shingles may offer the most immediate cost savings, metal roofs and flat roofs provide long-term benefits in terms of durability and maintenance. Considering factors such as lifespan and maintenance requirements is crucial when assessing the overall affordability of different garage roofing options.
Frequent Questions
What are the most affordable and cost-effective roofing options for a garage roof repair?
There are several affordable and cost-effective roofing options for garage roof repair.
1. Asphalt shingles: Asphalt shingles are a popular and budget-friendly option for garage roofs. They are durable, easy to install, and come in a wide range of colors and styles.
2. Metal roofing: Metal roofs are another cost-effective choice for garage roof repair. They are long-lasting, low-maintenance, and can withstand extreme weather conditions. Metal roofs are available in different materials like steel, aluminum, and copper.
3. EPDM rubber roofing: EPDM rubber roofing is a versatile and inexpensive option for garage roofs. It is easy to install, resistant to UV rays, and has excellent durability. EPDM is commonly used for flat or low-sloped roofs.
4. Rolled roofing: Rolled roofing is an economical solution for garage roof repair. It is made of asphalt and comes in large rolls, making it easy and quick to install. Rolled roofing is best suited for flat or low-sloped roofs.
Before choosing a roofing option, it's important to assess the specific needs of your garage roof and consider factors such as climate, durability, and maintenance requirements. Consulting with a professional roofer can help you make an informed decision.
Which roofing materials offer the best value for money when it comes to repairing a garage roof?
When it comes to repairing a garage roof, asphalt shingles are often considered the best value for money. They are affordable, widely available, and relatively easy to install. Asphalt shingles also tend to have a long lifespan, typically lasting 20-30 years. Another cost-effective option for garage roof repair is metal roofing. While it may have a higher upfront cost compared to asphalt shingles, metal roofing offers excellent durability and can last 50+ years with minimal maintenance. Additionally, metal roofs are highly resistant to fire, insects, and rot. Both asphalt shingles and metal roofing provide good value for money in terms of their longevity and performance in protecting your garage.
What are the least expensive roofing choices for garage roof repairs that still maintain durability and quality?
There are several cost-effective roofing choices for garage roof repairs that still maintain durability and quality. Here are a few options:
1. Asphalt shingles: Asphalt shingles are the most popular and affordable roofing material for garages. They are known for their durability, longevity, and ease of installation. While they may not be as long-lasting as other materials, they can still provide decent protection for a garage roof.
2. Rolled roofing: Roll roofing is another budget-friendly option suitable for flat or low-slope garage roofs. It comes in large rolls and is made of materials like asphalt, fiberglass, or mineral granules. Rolled roofing is relatively easy to install, but its lifespan is shorter compared to other materials.
3. Metal roofing: Metal roofing is a durable and long-lasting option for garage roofs. While it may have a higher upfront cost, it offers excellent durability and requires minimal maintenance. Metal roofs can withstand harsh weather conditions and are resistant to fire, rot, and insect damage.
4. EPDM rubber roofing: EPDM rubber roofing is a synthetic material commonly used for flat roof repairs. It is lightweight, flexible, and easy to install. EPDM roofs have good resistance to UV rays and weathering, making them a cost-effective and durable choice.
5. Roof coatings: Roof coatings such as elastomeric coatings can be a more affordable option for garage roof repairs. These coatings can be applied over existing roofing materials to extend their lifespan and improve their performance. They offer protection against UV rays, leaks, and moisture damage.
Remember, while cost-effectiveness is important, it's also crucial to consider the specific needs of your garage roof and choose a material that provides sufficient protection and durability in the long run.
In conclusion, when it comes to Garage Roof Repair, it is clear that choosing the right roof type can greatly impact the cost and overall economy of the project. Of the various options available, metal roofs tend to be less expensive and more economical in the long run. They offer durability, energy efficiency, and low maintenance requirements. However, it is important to consider your specific needs, budget, and local climate before making a final decision. By carefully assessing these factors, you can ensure that you select the most cost-effective and efficient roofing option for your garage.
|
Search results
Battle for the Belt: Season 2 Episode 8- Bean Leaf Beetle
University, walks us through scouting for bean leaf beetle in soybean. Bean Leaf Beetle Lifecycle Figure ... 1. Bean leaf beetle. Picture credit: Amy Raudenbush B ean leaf beetle (Figure 1) is an insect pest of ... overwintering bean leaf beetle adults, particularly if that field is the first to emerge in the area. The ...
Battle for the Belt: Season 2 Episode 7- Soybean & Weed Competition
Western location, bean leaf beetle damage was found in the soybeans planted on March 25, but minimal ... damage was observed for the soybeans planted on April 16. Bean leaf beetle is common early in the growing ... season. For more information about bean leaf beetle in Ohio, please see this FactSheet: https ...
Lep Monitoring Network – Black Cutworm and True Armyworm Update # 5
the statewide average decreased for AMW from 8.0 moths for the week ending May 12 th to 2.1 for the ... season. Black cutworm The statewide average decreased significantly from 4.2 during the week ending May 12 ... th to 2.7 for the week ending May 19 th. Counties with the highest averages included Van Wert (5.5), ...
Scout Fruit Trees For Pesky Pests Creeping Out As Temperatures Rise
to trees and are most active from petal fall through early summer. The adult beetles can walk and fly ... beginning to gain some size. This is quite a contrast from the last 2-3 years, where we had cooler ... an important time to get out and inspect your trees for disease and pest issues. Let's first talk ...
Fields of Knowledge
Topics will include H2Ohio Economics, Summer Scouting for Corn & Soybeans, Managing Vomitoxin, ... return to the grower enrolled in H2Ohio. Summer Scouting for Corn & Soybeans Take a virtual ... Hall. This program has a variety of speakers to give you the latest mid-summer agronomic updates! This ...
Pasteurization of Raw Milk for Home Consumption
Pasteurized Milk Ordinance. Unlike sterilization, pasteurization does not eliminate every microbe in the ... product, but it does ensure that 99.999% of pathogens are destroyed. Most of the bacteria found in milk ... Quality Pasteurization helps preserve but does not improve the quality of milk. All raw milk contains ...
Katie LeMasters featured in USAC Staff Spotlight
newsletter and social media accounts. Staff winners will be awarded with a $50 gift card, courtesy of USAC ... and the OSU Office of Human Resources and a write up in the USAC Newsletter and USAC media platforms. ... This is a great way to recognize your staff members or colleagues for their great work ethic, hard work ...
May/June Extension Newsletter
Below is the latest edition of The Cooperative- Harrison County's Extension Newsletter ... May/June Newsletter ...
May 4-H Newsletter
Click here to view the May Newsletter ...
Lep Monitoring Network – Black Cutworm and True Armyworm Update # 4
moths for the week ending May 5 th to 8.0 for the week ending May 12 th. Counties with the highest ... cutworm The statewide average decreased slightly 5.1 during the week ending May 5 th to 4.2 for the week ... ending May 12 th. Counties with high averages included Defiance (9.8), Hardin (8.7) and Van Wert (8.6) ...
|
We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. By using this site you agree with our use of cookies. Want to know more?
Growing your own - what to plant in May
Growing your own - what to plant in May
The chance of frosts in May are low and so now many vegetable seeds can be sown outdoors, and there's nothing more rewarding than growing your own veggies from seed all the way through to the plate!
Sowing Outdoors
Sow carrots, parsnips, peas, radishes, spinach and spring onion outdoors
Sowing Indoors
In greenhouses or indoors crops such as courgette, marrows, cucumbers, runner beans and perennial herbs can be sown
Planting Out
Brassicas and leeks can be planted-out into your vegetable rows
Tomato seedlings can be planted into growbags or containers but should remain in a greenhouse
If you have the space then sweetcorn can be sown outdoors, however you will need at least 12 plants for pollination
|
Welcome to Honeyman State Park, a hidden gem nestled in the heart of nature. Situated in Oregon, this park provides a variety of facilities for you to enjoy, including hiking and biking trails, as well as fishing and boating opportunities.
With a firm emphasis on conservation initiatives, Honeyman State Park serves not only as a recreational spot but also as a refuge for wildlife.
Throughout this article, we will delve into the array of activities offered, the rules and regulations you should take note of, and provide you with some useful visitor tips to enhance your experience at this exquisite park.
Key Takeaways:
About Honeyman State Park
Honeyman State Park, located in Oregon, is a picturesque destination known for its rich history and natural beauty. Named after Jessie M. Honeyman, this park offers you a unique opportunity to explore the wonders of the Pacific Northwest.
With a history dating back to the 1930s, Jessie M. Honeyman State Park holds significance as one of Oregon's oldest state parks. The park's creation was part of a program to provide recreational facilities during the Great Depression, showcasing the dedication to preserving natural landscapes for public enjoyment.
Today, the park's 2-mile stretch of sand dunes, towering pine trees, and the tranquil Cleawox Lake offer a wide range of recreational activities such as camping, hiking, fishing, and swimming, making it a popular destination for nature enthusiasts and families alike.
Location and Background
Located in the heart of Oregon near Florence, Jessie M. Honeyman State Park holds a special place in history as a testament to the dedication of the Civilian Conservation Corps.
Established in the 1930s during the Great Depression, the park's development was significantly influenced by the efforts of the Civilian Conservation Corps, which was a crucial component of FDR's New Deal program designed to create employment opportunities for young men. Visitors to the park have the opportunity to explore the stunning landscapes of the Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area, providing access to pristine beaches, lush forests, and shimmering lakes. The CCC played a pivotal role in constructing the park's iconic buildings, trails, and amenities, seamlessly blending with the area's natural beauty.
Facilities Available
You can explore a variety of facilities at Honeyman State Park, such as campgrounds, pristine beaches, serene lakes, and majestic sand dunes, providing you with a diverse and engaging outdoor experience.
The campgrounds at Honeyman State Park are equipped with amenities like picnic tables, fire pits, and clean restroom facilities to ensure your stay is comfortable. If you enjoy water activities, the park's pristine beaches and serene lakes offer opportunities for swimming, sunbathing, and fishing. Nature lovers can discover the majestic sand dunes that create a stunning backdrop to the park, perfect for hiking or sandboarding. Additionally, the park offers designated picnic areas, hiking trails, and birdwatching spots, catering to families and outdoor enthusiasts.
Conservation Efforts
The conservation efforts at Jessie M. Honeyman State Park are spearheaded by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department, ensuring the preservation of this natural treasure for generations to come.
Dedicated to safeguarding the park's environmental integrity and biodiversity, the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department has implemented various conservation initiatives. These include habitat restoration projects, invasive species management, and educational programs to raise awareness about the importance of preserving natural ecosystems. By working closely with local communities, schools, and environmental organizations, the department aims to engage people in efforts to protect the park's diverse flora and fauna. Through ongoing research and monitoring, the department strives to maintain a delicate balance between human enjoyment of the park and the conservation of its natural resources.
Activities at Honeyman State Park
Honeyman State Park offers a variety of engaging activities suitable for visitors of all ages, ranging from picturesque hiking and biking trails to serene fishing and boating opportunities, making it an ideal destination for outdoor enthusiasts.
The park provides an extensive network of hiking trails that allow visitors to explore the lush forests and vibrant wildlife that inhabit the area. For biking enthusiasts, well-maintained paths cater to both beginners and experienced riders, offering an exhilarating way to immerse in the park's natural beauty.
Fishing enthusiasts can enjoy casting their lines in the peaceful waters of the park's lakes and streams, while boating options include paddle boats and canoes for a leisurely cruise. Campers can take advantage of the park's designated camping areas, perfect for overnight stays under the starlit sky.
Hiking and Biking Trails
Explore the picturesque trails and biking routes at Honeyman State Park, where you can immerse yourself in the natural beauty of the surroundings while enjoying invigorating outdoor activities.
The park offers a variety of trails suitable for all levels of hikers and bikers. If you prefer a leisurely stroll, the Lakeside Loop Trail is a great option, providing a gentle path around the peaceful Cleawox Lake with breathtaking water views.
For more experienced adventurers, the challenging Sand Dunes Trail is ideal, meandering through the iconic coastal dunes and offering panoramic ocean vistas. Mountain biking enthusiasts can have an exciting time on the Dune Ridge Trail, renowned for its thrilling descents and rough terrain.
Each trail highlights the diverse landscapes and abundant wildlife that make Honeyman State Park a destination not to be missed for outdoor enthusiasts.
Fishing and Boating
Enjoy a day of fishing in the tranquil lakes or embark on a relaxing boating adventure at Honeyman State Park, where the serene waters and abundant fish species offer a peaceful retreat for outdoor enthusiasts. The park boasts several prime fishing spots such as Cleawox Lake and Woahink Lake, known for their crystal-clear waters and thriving fish populations. Boaters will find convenient launch ramps and rental facilities for kayaks, canoes, and paddleboards, making it easy to explore the scenic beauty of the lakes. Visitors are encouraged to adhere to the park's fishing regulations, ensuring sustainable practices and the preservation of the ecosystem for future generations to enjoy water-based activities in this picturesque setting.
Camping Options
Immerse yourself in nature's embrace with the camping options available at Honeyman State Park, where well-equipped campgrounds and picturesque settings provide a serene backdrop for your overnight stays.
The campgrounds at Honeyman State Park offer a range of amenities to cater to different camping preferences. You can choose from traditional tent camping sites nestled among the trees or opt for RV sites with electrical hookups for added convenience. The park provides modern restroom facilities, potable water sources, and picnic tables at each campsite.
To ensure a seamless camping experience, visitors are advised to make reservations in advance through the park's online booking system, which allows for easy selection of preferred dates and campsite locations. You must adhere to camping regulations such as fire safety guidelines and waste disposal protocols to maintain the park's natural beauty.
Unique Offerings
Explore the unique attractions and historical significance of Honeyman State Park, from its iconic landmarks to the diverse range of activities that make this destination a must-visit for nature lovers and history enthusiasts like yourself.
As you venture through the park, you will come across the majestic Cleawox Lake, ideal for activities such as swimming, kayaking, and enjoying a leisurely picnic by its serene shores.
The expansive sand dunes within the park provide an exciting setting for sandboarding and hiking excursions, offering a one-of-a-kind experience not found elsewhere in the vicinity.
For those with an interest in history, the well-preserved homestead of Jesse Honeyman, after whom the park is named, provides a window into the past and the significance of this historic land.
With its harmonious blend of natural beauty and historical allure, Honeyman State Park truly shines as a hidden gem awaiting your exploration.
Rules and Regulations
Understanding the rules and regulations at Honeyman State Park is essential for a safe and enjoyable visit, ensuring compliance with pet policies, permit requirements, and activity restrictions set forth by park authorities.
While visiting the park, it is crucial to keep pets on a leash at all times to prevent disturbances to wildlife and other visitors. Visitors may need to obtain specific permits for activities like camping or fishing, which help regulate usage and ensure a positive experience for all. To maintain the park's natural beauty and protect its ecosystem, certain restrictions such as no littering or off-trail hiking are strictly enforced by the park rangers to promote preservation and sustainability.
Pet Policies
Familiarize yourself with the pet policies in place at Honeyman State Park. These guidelines ensure a pet-friendly environment while respecting the park's natural habitats and recreational areas. As a visitor with pets, you must adhere to the regulations set forth. This includes keeping your pets on a leash at all times to prevent disturbance to wildlife and other visitors.
Certain areas within the park are designated as pet-friendly zones where pets are allowed. It is crucial to be mindful of signs indicating restricted areas to maintain the environmental balance within the park. By following these rules, you can enjoy a harmonious experience in the park while also contributing to its conservation efforts.
Permits and Restrictions
Navigate the permit requirements and activity restrictions at Honeyman State Park to ensure a seamless and compliant visit, adhering to regulations related to specific activities and facilities within the park.
When planning your visit to this picturesque park, it is essential for you to obtain the necessary camping permits in advance to secure a spot at the campgrounds. You should be mindful of the park's guidelines for recreational activities such as fishing, boating, and hiking. Proper disposal of waste and adherence to fire regulations are crucial for maintaining the park's natural beauty and ecosystem.
Reservations for picnic areas or group facilities should be made well in advance to guarantee availability and compliance with park regulations.
Visitor Tips
When planning your visit to Honeyman State Park, it is essential to consider several factors to ensure a memorable and fulfilling experience in this picturesque destination. The park tends to be busiest on weekends and holidays, so if feasible, opting for weekdays can provide a more tranquil experience. Early mornings and late afternoons are typically the optimal times to appreciate the park's beauty without the crowds.
In terms of accessibility, Honeyman State Park offers paved paths and designated accessible parking spaces to accommodate visitors with mobility limitations. Ahead of your visit, it is advisable to monitor the weather forecast, as Oregon's coastal weather can be unpredictable. Bringing layers of clothing and waterproof gear may be beneficial in preparation for varying weather conditions.
Best Times to Visit
You will find the ideal times to visit Honeyman State Park depending on your preference, whether it be the vibrant blooms of spring, the sun-kissed days of summer, or the colorful foliage of fall. Each season offers a distinctive perspective and experience at this natural sanctuary.
During spring, Honeyman State Park is a remarkable sight with wildflowers covering the landscape, and the fresh, crisp air creating a perfect setting for hiking and picnics. In summer, as temperatures increase, families flock to the park to enjoy water activities at Cleawox Lake and to camp under the starry sky. Fall brings a transformation to the scenery, turning it into a kaleidoscope of colors that draw photographers and nature enthusiasts to witness the stunning display of trees adorned in their autumn hues.
Accessibility and Conditions
Ensure a smooth and accessible visit to Honeyman State Park by familiarizing yourself with accessibility options, trail conditions, and park amenities. These are designed to cater to diverse visitor needs and preferences for a seamless outdoor adventure.
The park offers a range of accessible features, including designated parking spaces, paved pathways, and wheelchair-friendly restrooms, ensuring that everyone can enjoy the natural beauty of the surroundings. Additionally, visitors can utilize tactile maps, braille signage, and audio guides to enhance their experience. The park staff is readily available to provide assistance or address any inquiries regarding accessibility.
By providing picnic areas, shelters, and accessible fishing docks, Honeyman State Park aims to create an inclusive environment where all visitors can engage in activities and connect with nature.
|
Celebrating a Legacy: The '94 Mustang's Impact on the Automotive Industry
In this article, we'll delve into the history, design, performance, and significance of the 1994 Ford Mustang model year. From its introduction to market trends, engine options, transmission choices, and collectibility, we'll cover everything you need to know about this iconic American muscle car.
Updated November 13, 2023
The Ford Mustang has been an integral part of American automotive culture since its debut in 1964. The 1994 model year marks a significant milestone in the Mustang's history, as it underwent a major redesign, introducing new features and technologies that would set the stage for future success. In this article, we'll explore the significance of the '94 Mustang, its design and styling, performance specifications, color options, trim levels, and more.
Brief History of the 1994 Ford Mustang
The fourth-generation Mustang (SN95) debuted in 1993 as a 1994 model, with a new chassis, improved aerodynamics, and enhanced safety features. This marked a major departure from its predecessor, the Fox-body Mustang, which had been in production since 1979.
Significance of the 1994 Ford Mustang Model Year
The '94 Mustang's redesign was crucial for the car's survival in an increasingly competitive market. With the introduction of new features like anti-lock brakes (ABS) and a more modern interior design, the Mustang appealed to a broader audience while maintaining its core appeal as a performance-oriented muscle car.
Design and Styling of 1994 Ford Mustang
The '94 Mustang's exterior design was characterized by a sleeker, more aerodynamic profile, with a focus on improving airflow and reducing wind noise. The car featured a new grille, updated headlights, and a reworked rear valance with integrated fog lights. The interior received a significant overhaul, with improved ergonomics, updated gauges, and premium materials.
Color Options and Trim Levels
The 1994 Mustang was available in an array of colors, including:
- Bright White
- Championship White
- Garnet Red Metallic
- Performance Red
- Deep Berry Pearl
- Tawny Olive Metallic
Trim levels included the base model, GT, and LX. The GT received unique styling cues, such as a distinctive grille, fog lights, and 17-inch alloy wheels.
Performance and Specifications
The '94 Mustang was offered with two engine options:
- 3.8L V6: A SOHC (Single Overhead Camshaft) 3.8-liter V6 engine producing 145 horsepower and 180 lb-ft of torque.
- 5.0L V8: A DOHC (Double Overhead Camshaft) 5.0-liter V8 engine generating 215 horsepower and 280 lb-ft of torque in the GT trim.
Transmission options included a standard 5-speed manual or an optional 4-speed automatic with overdrive.
Horsepower and Torque Ratings for the 1994 Ford Mustang
- 3.8L V6: 145 horsepower @ 4000 RPM, 180 lb-ft of torque @ 2500 RPM
- 5.0L V8 (GT): 215 horsepower @ 4250 RPM, 280 lb-ft of torque @ 3000 RPM
Transmission Options
- 5-speed manual
- 4-speed automatic with overdrive
Variants and Special Editions
The '94 Mustang offered a range of variants and special editions, including:
- GT: A high-performance model featuring a unique suspension setup, 17-inch alloy wheels, and a distinctive grille.
- LX Convertible: A convertible version of the LX trim, featuring a power-operated top and premium interior appointments.
Fastback, Convertible, and Coupe Body Styles
The '94 Mustang was available in three body styles:
- Fastback: A sleek, 2-door coupe with a fixed rear window.
- Convertible: A soft-top convertible model with a manual or automatic transmission.
- Coupe: A 2-door sedan with a fixed roof.
GT Equipment Package
The GT package added unique features like:
- Performance-tuned suspension
- 17-inch alloy wheels
- Unique grille and fog lights
- Premium interior appointments
Impact on the Automotive Industry
The '94 Mustang's redesign helped to revitalize the car's image, appealing to a broader audience while maintaining its core appeal as a performance-oriented muscle car. This marked a turning point for the Mustang, paving the way for future success.
Sales Figures and Popularity
The '94 Mustang saw modest sales gains compared to previous years, with over 120,000 units sold in the United States alone.
Influence on Competitor Models
The '94 Mustang's redesign influenced other muscle car offerings from competitors like Chevrolet (Corvette) and Dodge (Challenger).
Collectibility and Value of 1994 Ford Mustang
As a collectible model, the '94 Mustang has maintained its value over time. Prices for low-mileage, well-maintained models range from:
- $5,000 - $10,000 for base models
- $8,000 - $15,000 for GT trim levels
- $12,000 - $25,000 for high-performance or rare variants
Buying Guide
When purchasing a 1994 Ford Mustang, look for:
- Low mileage (under 50,000 miles)
- Well-maintained condition with minimal wear and tear
- Original documentation, including the owner's manual and maintenance records
- A clean Carfax report indicating no major accidents or damage
The 1994 Ford Mustang marked a significant milestone in the car's history, introducing new features, technologies, and design elements that would set the stage for future success. As a collectible model, it has maintained its value over time, making it an attractive option for enthusiasts and investors alike. Whether you're looking to own a piece of automotive history or simply want a reliable, high-performance muscle car, the '94 Mustang is an excellent choice.
|
Find out in this article:
- How to create professional briefings ✅
- Why a good briefing saves time and money ✅
- How to make your work easier with briefing templates ✅
When a marketing department or a client company works with a creative agency, the briefing is the starting signal for every project. This is where the client defines exactly what is needed and what the goals are. A good brief gives the agency the clarity it needs to develop creative solutions that hit the mark.
Preparing the briefing carefully as a client helps to ensure a target-orientated and efficient production process with the agency in the long term.
We guide you through the briefing process with 9 questions to make the agency briefing perfect, a small excerpt is already available here: Firstly, you should clearly communicate your vision and expectations. What is the end goal? Who is the target audience? What message do you want to convey? Also set the timeframe and budget. The more precise you are here, the better. But stay flexible - the professionals at the agency will also come up with their own ideas, which often fit the target group very well thanks to their experience.
What is a briefing?
The brief is an important step in the collaboration between the client and a creative or digital agency. It is basically a detailed guide or information pack that the client company provides to the agency so that they understand exactly what is required. It clearly communicates goals, expectations, timeline and budget. By briefing definition, this often includes target audience data, brand guidelines and the desired communication style.
[.b-important-block]A good brief gives the agency everything it needs to get creative and successfully realise the objective.[.b-important-block]
[$tag]👉 In short[$tag]
Why is a good brief important?
Imagine you're planning a trip with friends, but nobody knows where to go. Pretty chaotic, isn't it? 🤯
It's the same with the briefing in a creative agency. The briefing is like your itinerary: it sets the direction, clarifies the goals and ensures that everyone in the team knows what needs to be done.
A good briefing:
- prevents misunderstandings ✅
- saves time and nerves ✅
- ensures that the results are really strong in the end ✅
It is the foundation for successful collaboration and creative solutions that hit the mark. So, always take the time for a clear briefing so that everyone is happy in the end!
Briefing templates for faster coordination
Of course, the briefing for each project is slightly different and should be worked out individually. However, it is helpful to have a few briefing templates to hand so that you never forget the most important points.
Projects that are well suited to briefing templates:
- Content productions (blog articles, tutorials, videos)
- Marketing campaigns (social, OoH, digital)
- All types of retainer projects
Advantages of briefing templates
💜 Nothing is forgotten!
Thanks to the points to be filled in, the deadline, budget, USP etc. are always given directly and there are no loops of queries.
💜 Internal questions are clarified directly.
If customers work with a briefing template, all the questions that need to be answered can already be clarified there. This helps the in-house team to become more confident in their briefing culture and often creates a clear, more targeted briefing.
💜 Away with emails and briefings on the phone.
Everyone knows them, everyone hates them. Agency briefings belong in their own format. Why? So that all information is bundled in one place, everyone involved can refer to this document and no information gets lost in virtual nirvana.
[.b-important-block]The briefing template can be provided by the agency or by the briefing team. When working together, only agree on a joint document, which will help to simplify your future coordination.[.b-important-block]
[$tag]👉 Tip[$tag]
Step by step to the perfect briefing
A professional briefing is created faster than you think. To help you think of everything, we have put together the classic questions that are required in every creative briefing. Answer the briefing questions together with the stakeholders and be well prepared when it comes to handing it over to the agency.
1. What is it about?
Start with a short, descriptive title that sticks in the mind - this will immediately set your team on course. Then give a clear, to the point description of the task. This way, everyone in the team knows what the task is and why their superpowers are needed. And don't forget to share the purpose of the whole thing - this provides motivation and pulls everyone together. This turns an 'undefined' project into a fully defined success!
2. What is the goal?
What exactly does your business need? What is the jackpot that the project is aiming for? Determine what success looks like and how it can be measured. That way you can check later whether you've hit the mark. With clear goals in the briefing, the creative team not only knows where it's going, but can also celebrate when the milestones have been reached. So, set your goals, define them and get started!
3. Who is your target group?
If you know your target group properly, you can focus your marketing projects on them. Imagine who exactly you want your campaign to appeal to - is it the trend-conscious student, the tech-savvy man in his mid-forties or the new family? Get information such as age, job or what people do in their free time. And think about it: do you want to inspire your regular customers or attract new faces? The more you know about the people you want to reach, the better you can get your message across. So, dig deep and get a clear picture of your target group - it pays off!
4. What should be communicated?
Now it's time to get down to business: What do you want to say to your target group? Think about what you want them to feel, think or do based on your project. Always focus on the USPs that set you apart from the competition. Communicate all points in descending order of importance so that the creative team knows what they can focus on.
5. What does your project sound like?
If you already have a brand with style and voice, include this in your brief. This ensures that everything is consistent and that your brand always sounds the same. And if you don't have any guidelines yet, grab your team and decide how you want to position yourselves. Imagine that your message is like a character - with its own personality and way of speaking. That way everything stays consistent. Oh yes, and remember that everything remains undefined until you have defined it!
6. What is the type of result?
Clearly define what you expect from your agency. This can vary from briefing to briefing, but should be recorded as far as possible. It is also fine to only have 2 concept ideas as the result type, as this will only lead to further results. However, if there are clear results to aim for, these should be mentioned here.
7. What is your budget?
One of the most important parts of any brief. The creative agency can come up with great ideas, but if the realization ends up exceeding your budget, everyone will be frustrated. So play your cards straight - how much budget is available for this project? Calculate all the costs directly, i.e. for the agency services, the media budget and any production costs. This way, your agency can work directly with real figures and you can achieve a great result faster.
8. In what time frame should the project be realized?
The deadline question is similar to the budget question. Is there a specific day on which everything has to be ready? Trade fairs, product launches or other events are particularly popular here. Communicate this right at the start of the briefing process. In this way, the necessary capacities can be blocked in good time and a clear (milestone)-plan can be drawn up.
9. Is there anything else missing?
There should be space for further information at the end of each briefing. This is where you can place any benchmarks or initial ideas of your own. The same applies here - everything that has already been discussed or even just brainstormed somewhere before the project should be recorded in the briefing template.
With these steps, the briefing will be a complete success and you can look forward to great results! 🚀
Communication and feedback in the briefing process
In the briefing process, it is important that you communicate openly and clearly. Make sure that you share all your ideas and expectations and also follow up if something is unclear. Feedback is the key to success. Be honest, but always constructive.
Remember: it's about creating something great together. When you give feedback, be specific and factual so that the team knows exactly what you need. And don't forget to give praise when the creative minds have done something really good! This will keep motivation high and the results top.
[.b-important-block]When planning your project, always allow enough time for feedback loops. Hardly any first draft becomes a result straight away. It is therefore better to have a time buffer in your plan than to have to do everything at the last minute.[.b-important-block]
[$tag]👉 Tip[$tag]
Example of a successful briefing
Looking for inspiration for your own briefing? Then take a look at some examples to refine your template and find creative inspiration.
At awork, we use a customized briefing template for article-briefings, that we simply copy for each briefing and fill in with the details. This creates clearly defined tasks for our copywriters and the content team, and we can quickly get started with the implementation. Try it out - a good briefing is the main part of successful projects!
Use briefing templates in awork
There are various ways in which you can benefit from briefing templates in awork.
Firstly, there is the classic project template.
If you are starting a large new project, it makes sense to create this in a separate project. The timeline can exactly reflect the project process, the team members involved can be assigned and everyone is assigned their own tasks. It also makes sense to define the briefing within the project. Once you have set up a project briefing template, you can save it in your templates and have the system open it for each new project. The briefing can then be found in the project description, simply fill it in and get started.
[.b-important-block] You can also store your own tasks in project templates, so the first tasks could be to complete the briefing or invite all team members to the project.[.b-important-block]
[$tag]👉 Good to know[$tag]
For retainer projects, it is usually not necessary to create a new project for each topic.
We recommend using task templates here. A task contains all the information that needs to be filled in for the briefing. You can work with the task description, the subtasks or the checklist. With smart automations, a corresponding team member can be added directly for review when the status changes (e.g. to 'Briefing in review').
For agencies: developing a brief together with the client
An effective brief is crucial for a successful collaboration between client and creative agency. We know this and we also know that it's sometimes difficult to convince clients to provide a detailed brief. From our experience, we've put together some tips on how to get your clients to use briefing templates:
- Save time and money.
Data and analytics almost always work. Use your experience to show how much time and money customers save when the briefing is very detailed and workable from the outset.
- Fewer feedback loops.
Of course, this goes hand in hand with point 1, but it is helpful to make this very clear again. Clients hire you because you are the experts. They should therefore have to spend as little time as possible on coordination and feedback loops. The more detailed the briefing, the more suitable the first drafts will be.
- Maintain control yourself.
Thanks to the briefing document, it is clear in black and white what the customer side requires. This safeguards both sides and can be invoked in the event of disagreements.
- Show professionalism.
With a smart briefing culture, both in-house teams and agencies demonstrate a structured approach to management and within the market. This puts both sides on a professional level and helps to set them apart from 'do-it-just-in-between' creatives and in-house teams.
In addition to these tips, it is of course still crucial to be in personal contact with customers and not to offer automated mass production. Listen carefully and ask specific questions. This helps your customer to feel heard and understood - even beyond the briefing. You can also offer to work through the briefing together the first few times so that you get all the information and the customer can get used to the process.
You're a fan of templates? Take a look into our other project templates, that are perfect for your typical agency work.
|
On a December morning in 1925, a newspaper journalist reported receiving 25 different handbills in an hour's walk in downtown Tokyo, advertising everything from Western-style clothing and furniture to sweet shops, charity organizations, phonograph recordings, plays, and films. The activities of advertisers, and the new entertainment culture and patterns of consumption that they promoted, helped to define a new urban aesthetic emerging in the 1920s.
This book examines some of the responses of Japanese authors to the transformation of Tokyo in the early decades of the twentieth century. In particular, it explores the themes and formal strategies of the modernist literature that flourished in the 1920s, focusing on the work of Hagiwara Kyojiro (1899-1938) and Hayashi Fumiko (1903-1951). William Gardner shows how modernist works offer new constructions of individual subjectivity amid the social and technological changes that provided the ground for the appearance of "mass media." Hagiwara's conception of the poem and poet as an electric-radio "advertising tower" provides an emblem for the aesthetic tensions and multiple discourses of technology, media, urbanism, commerce, and propaganda that were circulating through the urban environment at the time; while Hayashi's work, with its references to popular songs, plays, and movies, suggests an understanding of "everyday life" as the interface between individual subjectivity and a highly mediated environment.
This study of modern Japan engages the fields of art history, literature, and cultural studies, seeking to understand how the "beautiful woman" (bijin) emerged as a symbol of Japanese culture during the Meiji period (1868–1912). With origins in the formative period of modern Japanese art and aesthetics, the figure of the bijin appeared across a broad range of visual and textual media: photographs, illustrations, prints, and literary works, as well as fictional, critical, and journalistic writing. It eventually constituted a genre of painting called bijinga (paintings of beauties).
Aesthetic Life examines the contributions of writers, artists, scholars, critics, journalists, and politicians to the discussion of the bijin and to the production of a national discourse on standards of Japanese beauty and art. As Japan worked to establish its place in the world, it actively presented itself as an artistic nation based on these ideals of feminine beauty. The book explores this exemplary figure for modern Japanese aesthetics and analyzes how the deceptively ordinary image of the beautiful Japanese woman—an iconic image that persists to this day—was cultivated as a "national treasure," synonymous with Japanese culture.
Popular representations of the past are everywhere in Japan, from cell phone charms to manga, from television dramas to video games to young people dressed as their favorite historical figures hanging out in the hip Harajuku district. But how does this mass consumption of the past affect the way consumers think about history and what it means to be Japanese?
By analyzing representations of the famous sixteenth-century samurai leader Toyotomi Hideyoshi in historical fiction based on Taikōki, the original biography of him, this book explores how and why Hideyoshi has had a continued and ever-changing presence in popular culture in twentieth- and twenty-first-century Japan. The multiple fictionalized histories of Hideyoshi published as serial novels and novellas before, during, and after World War II demonstrate how imaginative re-presentations of Japan's past have been used by various actors throughout the modern era.
Using close reading of several novels and short stories as well as the analysis of various other texts and paratextual materials, Susan Furukawa discovers a Hideyoshi who is always changing to meet the needs of the current era, and in the process expands our understanding of the powerful role that historical narratives play in Japan.
Popular representations of the past are everywhere in Japan, from cell phone charms to manga, from television dramas to video games to young people dressed as their favorite historical figures hanging out in the hip Harajuku district. But how does this mass consumption of the past affect the way consumers think about history and what it means to be Japanese?
By analyzing representations of the famous sixteenth-century samurai leader Toyotomi Hideyoshi in historical fiction based on Taikōki, the original biography of him, this book explores how and why Hideyoshi has had a continued and ever-changing presence in popular culture in twentieth- and twenty-first-century Japan. The multiple fictionalized histories of Hideyoshi published as serial novels and novellas before, during, and after World War II demonstrate how imaginative re-presentations of Japan's past have been used by various actors throughout the modern era.
Using close reading of several novels and short stories as well as the analysis of various other texts and paratextual materials, Susan Furukawa discovers a Hideyoshi who is always changing to meet the needs of the current era, and in the process expands our understanding of the powerful role that historical narratives play in Japan.
Reconstructing the dramatic struggle surrounding the building of the New Tokyo (Narita) International Airport near Sanrizuka, this scrutiny of modern protest politics dispels the myth of corporate Japan's unassailable success. While sensitive to the specific events they describe, the authors provide analyses of broader contemporary issues—the sources of violence in an orderly society and the problems of democratic theory in an institutional setting.
Narita Airport, the largest single government project in Japan, has been the scene of intense conflict over what might be called the unfinished business of Japan as number one. Since 1965, small groups of farmers have been fighting to protect their land, first from the bulldozers, then from the environmental damage of a modern airport. They were joined in the battle by militants from New Left sects, students, and other protesters representing peace, antinuclear, and antipollution issues. Using field observation, in-depth interviewing, and firsthand experience drawn from living in the "fortresses" surrounding the airport, the authors examine the conflict and violence that ensued. They describe the confrontations from the point of view of each group of participants, pinpointing weaknesses in the Japanese political and bureaucratic systems that prolonged and heightened the struggle: the lack of effective due process, inadequate consultative mechanisms outside elite circles, and the failure of local government to represent local issues.
In a broad adaptation of their findings, David Apter and Nagayo Sawa show that the problems of the Narita situation are also endemic to other industrialized countries. Their discussion of violent protest in advanced societies explores how it evolves, who is caught up in it, and the ways that governments respond. Finally, they identify the limitations of contemporary social science theories in addressing in human terms such volcanic eruptions. To overcome these shortcomings they combine several approaches—structural, experiential, and functional—and devise alternative ways to enter the day-to-day lives of the people studied.
Against the State in no way diminishes the magnitude of Japan's accomplishments. However, the authors find in the Narita protest evidence of that country's still unfelt need to address its most abstract and pressing moral concerns. Their book raises important questions about the nature of extra-institutional protest and authority in modern states.
The Meiji Restoration of 1868 inaugurated a period of great change in Japan; it is seldom associated, however, with advances in civil and political rights. By studying parliamentarianism—the theories, arguments, and polemics marshaled in support of a representative system of government—Kyu Hyun Kim uncovers a much more complicated picture of this era than is usually given.
Bringing a fresh perspective as well as drawing on seldom-studied archival materials, Kim examines how parliamentarianism came to dominate the public sphere in the 1870s and early 1880s and gave rise to the movement among local activists and urban intellectuals to establish a national assembly. At the same time, Kim contends that we should confront the public sphere of Meiji Japan without insisting on fitting it into schemes of historical progress, from premodernity to modernity, from feudalism to democracy. The Japanese state was inextricably linked, in its origins as well as its continuing growth, to the self-transformation of Japanese society. One could not change without effecting a change in the other. The Meiji state's efforts to ensure that the state and society were connected only through channels firmly controlled by itself were constantly and successfully contested by the public sphere.
In the ten years since the first cases of AIDS were reported, the disease has spread around the world. Every country has had to come up with policies suited to its own conditions, economy, culture, and institutions. The differences among their approaches are striking. This volume, the first international comprehensive comparison of responses to AIDS, is a unique guide to the world's most urgent public health crisis.
Sixteen leading experts in public health, social science, government, and public policy from USA, Canada, Germany, Australia, Spain, Britain, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, and Japan candidly recount and analyze the responses of their own nations and comment on the lessons that can be drawn from each country's experience. For each country, they look critically at the tragic statistics of AIDS incidence; the circumstances of AIDS's first appearance; public health traditions of mandatory screening, contact tracing, and quarantine; attitudes toward drug abuse, homosexuality, sex education; publicity about AIDS; legal and customary protections of civil rights, minority groups, medical confidentiality; access to health care and insurance; and the interplay of formal and informal interest groups in shaping policy. The spectrum of AIDS policy ranges from severe "contain-and-control" programs to much more liberal plans based on education, cooperation, and inclusion.
No matter what policy a nation has constructed to deal with AIDS, the coming decade will test how well that policy conforms to democratic ideals. By scrutinizing the responses to AIDS so far, this book aims to give countries around the world a chance to learn from each others' mistakes and triumphs. It will be essential reading for all students and professionals in public health and public policy.
One of the more intriguing developments within medieval Japanese literature is the incorporation into the teaching of waka poetry of the practices of initiation ceremonies and secret transmissions found in esoteric Buddhism. The main figure in this development was the obscure thirteenth-century poet Fujiwara Tameaki, grandson of the famous poet Fujiwara Teika and a priest in a tantric Buddhist sect. Tameaki's commentaries and teachings transformed secular texts such as the Tales of Ise and poetry anthologies such as the Kokin waka shu into complex allegories of Buddhist enlightenment. These commentaries were transmitted to his students during elaborate initiation ceremonies. In later periods, Tameaki's specific ideas fell out of vogue, but the habit of interpreting poetry allegorically continued.
This book examines the contents of these commentaries as well as the qualities of the texts they addressed that lent themselves to an allegorical interpretation; the political, economic, and religious developments of the Kamakura period that encouraged the development of this method of interpretation; and the possible motives of the participants in this school of interpretation. Through analyses of six esoteric commentaries, Susan Blakeley Klein presents examples of this interpretive method and discusses its influence on subsequent texts, both elite and popular.
Ambient Media examines music, video art, film, and literature as tools of atmospheric design in contemporary Japan, and what it means to use media as a resource for personal mood regulation. Paul Roquet traces the emergence of ambient styles from the environmental music and Erik Satie boom of the 1960s and 1970s to the more recent therapeutic emphasis on healing and relaxation.
Focusing on how an atmosphere works to reshape those dwelling within it, Roquet shows how ambient aesthetics can provide affordances for reflective drift, rhythmic attunement, embodied security, and urban coexistence. Musicians, video artists, filmmakers, and novelists in Japan have expanded on Brian Eno's notion of the ambient as a style generating "calm, and a space to think," exploring what it means to cultivate an ambivalent tranquility set against the uncertain horizons of an ever-shifting social landscape. Offering a new way of understanding the emphasis on "reading the air" in Japanese culture, Ambient Media documents both the adaptive and the alarming sides of the increasing deployment of mediated moods.
Arguing against critiques of mood regulation that see it primarily as a form of social pacification, Roquet makes a case for understanding ambient media as a neoliberal response to older modes of collective attunement—one that enables the indirect shaping of social behavior while also allowing individuals to feel like they are the ones ultimately in control.
This pioneering study of United States direct investment in Japan will interest academic specialists, business managers, and government policymakers in America, Japan, and elsewhere. Drawing on rich historical materials from both sides of the Pacific, including corporate records and government documents never before made public, Mason examines the development of both Japanese policy towards foreign investment and the strategic responses of American corporations. This history is related in part through original case studies of Coca-Cola, Dow Chemical, Ford, General Motors, International Business Machines, Motorola, Otis Elevator, Texas Instruments, Western Electric, and Victor Talking Machine.
The book seeks to explain why s little foreign direct investment has entered modern Japan. In contrast to the widely held view that emphasizes an alleged lack of effort on the part of foreign corporations, this study finds that Japanese restrictions merit greater attention. Many analysts of the modern Japanese political economy identify the Japanese government as the key actor in initiating such restrictions. Mason finds that the influence of Japanese business has often proved more potent than these analysts suggest. This book offers fresh insights into both the operation of the modern Japanese political economy and of its relations with the world economy.
During World War II, Japan was vilified by America as our hated enemy in the East. Though we distinguished "good Germans" from the Nazis, we condemned all Japanese indiscriminately as fanatics and savages. As the Cold War heated up, however, the U.S. government decided to make Japan its bulwark against communism in Asia.
But how was the American public made to accept an alliance with Japan so soon after the "Japs" had been demonized as subhuman, bucktoothed apes with Coke-bottle glasses? In this revelatory work, Naoko Shibusawa charts the remarkable reversal from hated enemy to valuable ally that occurred in the two decades after the war. While General MacArthur's Occupation Forces pursued our nation's strategic goals in Japan, liberal American politicians, journalists, and filmmakers pursued an equally essential, though long-unrecognized, goal: the dissemination of a new and palatable image of the Japanese among the American public.
With extensive research, from Occupation memoirs to military records, from court documents to Hollywood films, and from charity initiatives to newspaper and magazine articles, Shibusawa demonstrates how the evil enemy was rendered as a feminized, submissive nation, as an immature youth that needed America's benevolent hand to guide it toward democracy. Interestingly, Shibusawa reveals how this obsession with race, gender, and maturity reflected America's own anxieties about race relations and equity between the sexes in the postwar world. America's Geisha Ally is an exploration of how belligerents reconcile themselves in the wake of war, but also offers insight into how a new superpower adjusts to its role as the world's preeminent force.
Mid-nineteenth century Russian radicals who witnessed the Meiji Restoration saw it as the most sweeping revolution in recent history and the impetus for future global progress. Acting outside imperial encounters, they initiated underground transnational networks with Japan. Prominent intellectuals and cultural figures, from Peter Kropotkin and Lev Tolstoy to Saigo Takamori and Tokutomi Roka, pursued these unofficial relationships through correspondence, travel, and networking, despite diplomatic and military conflicts between their respective nations.
Tracing these non-state networks, Anarchist Modernity uncovers a major current in Japanese intellectual and cultural life between 1860 and 1930 that might be described as "cooperatist anarchist modernity"—a commitment to realizing a modern society through mutual aid and voluntary activity, without the intervention of state governance. These efforts later crystallized into such movements as the Nonwar Movement, Esperantism, and the popularization of the natural sciences.
Examining cooperatist anarchism as an intellectual foundation of modern Japan, Sho Konishi offers a new approach to Japanese history that fundamentally challenges the "logic" of Western modernity. It looks beyond this foundational construct of modern history writing to understand people, practices, and cultural expressions that have been forgotten or dismissed as products of anti-modern nativist counter urges against the West.
The Anime Boom in the United States is a comprehensive and empirically grounded study of the expansion of anime marketing and sales into the United States. Using the example of Japanese animation, it examines the supporting organizational and cultural processes that constitute a transnational system for globalizing and localizing cultural commodities.
Drawing on field research, survey data, and in-depth interviews with Japanese and American professionals in the animation industry, the authors investigate anime's arrival in the United States beginning in the 1960s, and explores the transnational networks of anime production and marketing as well as the cultural and artistic processes the genre has inspired.
This detailed study of the anime boom in the United States is the starting point for a wider investigation of the globalization of contemporary culture and the way in which global creative industries operate in an age of media digitalization and convergence. It is an indispensable guide for all those interested in understanding the dynamics of power structures in cultural and media globalization.
A formal approach to anime rethinks globalization and transnationality under neoliberalism
Anime has become synonymous with Japanese culture, but its global reach raises a perplexing question—what happens when anime is produced outside of Japan? Who actually makes anime, and how can this help us rethink notions of cultural production? In Anime's Identity, Stevie Suan examines how anime's recognizable media-form—no matter where it is produced—reflects the problematics of globalization. The result is an incisive look at not only anime but also the tensions of transnationality.
Far from valorizing the individualistic "originality" so often touted in national creative industries, anime reveals an alternate type of creativity based in repetition and variation. In exploring this alternative creativity and its accompanying aesthetics, Suan examines anime from fresh angles, including considerations of how anime operates like a brand of media, the intricacies of anime production occurring across national borders, inquiries into the selfhood involved in anime's character acting, and analyses of various anime works that present differing modes of transnationality.
Anime's Identity deftly merges theories from media studies and performance studies, introducing innovative formal concepts that connect anime to questions of dislocation on a global scale, creating a transformative new lens for analyzing popular media.
In Anime's Media Mix, Marc Steinberg convincingly shows that anime is far more than a style of Japanese animation. Beyond its immediate form of cartooning, anime is also a unique mode of cultural production and consumption that led to the phenomenon that is today called "media mix" in Japan and "convergence" in the West.
According to Steinberg, both anime and the media mix were ignited on January 1, 1963, when Astro Boy hit Japanese TV screens for the first time. Sponsored by a chocolate manufacturer with savvy marketing skills, Astro Boy quickly became a cultural icon in Japan. He was the poster boy (or, in his case, "sticker boy") both for Meiji Seika's chocolates and for what could happen when a goggle-eyed cartoon child fell into the eager clutches of creative marketers. It was only a short step, Steinberg makes clear, from Astro Boy to Pokémon and beyond.
Steinberg traces the cultural genealogy that spawned Astro Boy to the transformations of Japanese media culture that followed—and forward to the even more profound developments in global capitalism supported by the circulation of characters like Doraemon, Hello Kitty, and Suzumiya Haruhi. He details how convergence was sparked by anime, with its astoundingly broad merchandising of images and its franchising across media and commodities. He also explains, for the first time, how the rise of anime cannot be understood properly—historically, economically, and culturally—without grasping the integral role that the media mix played from the start. Engaging with film, animation, and media studies, as well as analyses of consumer culture and theories of capitalism, Steinberg offers the first sustained study of the Japanese mode of convergence that informs global media practices to this day.
Anthropology Confronts the Problems of the Modern World is the first English translation of a series of lectures Claude Lévi-Strauss delivered in Tokyo in 1986. Written with an eye toward the future as his own distinguished career was drawing to a close, this volume presents a synthesis of the author's major ideas about structural anthropology, a field he helped establish. Critiquing insights of his earlier writings on the relationship between race, history, and civilization, Lévi-Strauss revisits the social issues that never ceased to fascinate him.
He begins with the observation that the cultural supremacy enjoyed by the West for over two centuries is at an end. Global wars and genocides in the twentieth century have fatally undermined Western faith in humanity's improvement through scientific progress. Anthropology, however, can be the vehicle of a new "democratic humanism," broadening traditional frameworks that have restricted cross-cultural understandings of the human condition, and providing a basis for inquiries into what other civilizations, such as those of Asia, can teach.
Surveying a world on the brink of the twenty-first century, Lévi-Strauss assesses some of the dilemmas of cultural and moral relativism a globalized society faces—ethical dimensions of economic inequality, the rise of different forms of religious fundamentalism, the promise and peril of genetic and reproductive engineering. A laboratory of thought opening onto the future, Anthropology Confronts the Problems of the Modern World is an important addition to the canon of one of the twentieth-century's most influential theorists.
This study analyzes New Theses (Shinron), by Aizawa Seishisai (1781—1863), and its contribution to Japanese political thought and policy during the early–modern era. New Theses is found to be indispensable to our understanding of Japan's transformation from a feudal to a modern state.
Focusing on Aizawa, Wakabayashi traces the development of xenophobia during the Tokugawa period and examines the basis of anti–Western sentiment. He shows how knowledge of Christianity inspired Aizawa to develop thepotent concept of kokutai ("what is essential to a nation"). His analysis explains why the Edobakufu's policies of national isolation (sakoku) and armed expulsion of Westerners (jõi) gained widespread support in the late Tokugawa. Wakabayashi also describes how information on Western affairs and world conditions decisively altered Tokugawa Confucian conceptions of civilization and barbarism, and how this in turn enabled the Japanese to redefine their nation's relationship to China and the West.
Rather than place Aizawa and his New Theses of 1825 at the beginning of a process leading up to the Meiji Restoration, Wakabayashi discusses New Theses in conjunction with the bakufu's Expulsion Edict issued in the same year. He concludes that the convergence of the two events in 1825 marks the emergence of modern nationalism in Japan, and therefore should perhaps be seen as more epoch–making than the 1868 Restoration itself.
The study also presents a complete translation of New Theses.
Joshua Fogel offers an incisive historical look at Sino-Japanese relations from three different perspectives. Using first a wide lens, he suggests a new way to capture the relationship between China and Japan by characterizing the nature of their contact. From the first century CE, the primary reasons for contact moved from political and ceremonial to cultural, and on to commercial ties. This period ends at the dawn of the modern age, when contacts involved treaties, consulates, and international law.
Switching to a microhistorical view, Fogel examines several important behind-the-scenes players in the launching of the countries' modern diplomatic relations. He focuses on the voyage of the Senzaimaru from Nagasaki to Shanghai in 1862—the first official meeting of Chinese and Japanese in the modern era—and the Dutchman who played an important intermediary role. Finally, he examines the first expatriate Japanese community in the modern era, in Shanghai from the 1860s to the mid-1890s, when the first Sino-Japanese War erupted.
Introducing the concept of "Sinosphere" to capture the nature of Sino-foreign relations both spatially and temporally, Fogel presents an original and thought-provoking study on the long, complex relationship between China and Japan.
War, defeat, and the collapse of empire in 1945 touched every aspect of postwar Japanese society, profoundly shaping how the Japanese would reconstruct national identity and reengage with the peoples of Asia. While "America" offered a vision of re-genesis after cataclysmic ruin, "Asia" exposed the traumata of perpetration and the torment of ethnic responsibility. Obscured in the shadows of a resurgent postwar Japan lurked a postimperial specter whose haunting presence both complicated and confounded the spiritual rehabilitation of the nation.
Asia and Postwar Japan examines Japanese deimperialization from 1945 until the early twenty-first century. It focuses on the thought and activism of progressive activists and intellectuals as they struggled to overcome rigid preconceptions about "Asia," as they grappled with the implications of postimperial responsibility, and as they forged new regional solidarities and Asian imaginaries. Simon Avenell reveals the critical importance of Asia in postwar Japanese thought, activism, and politics—Asia as a symbolic geography, Asia as a space for grassroots engagement, and ultimately, Asia as an aporia of identity and the source of a new politics of hope.
An unflinching examination of the moral and professional dilemmas faced by physicians who took part in the Manhattan Project.
After his father died, James L. Nolan, Jr., took possession of a box of private family materials. To his surprise, the small secret archive contained a treasure trove of information about his grandfather's role as a doctor in the Manhattan Project. Dr. Nolan, it turned out, had been a significant figure. A talented ob-gyn radiologist, he cared for the scientists on the project, organized safety and evacuation plans for the Trinity test at Alamogordo, escorted the "Little Boy" bomb from Los Alamos to the Pacific Islands, and was one of the first Americans to enter the irradiated ruins of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Participation on the project challenged Dr. Nolan's instincts as a healer. He and his medical colleagues were often conflicted, torn between their duty and desire to win the war and their oaths to protect life. Atomic Doctors follows these physicians as they sought to maximize the health and safety of those exposed to nuclear radiation, all the while serving leaders determined to minimize delays and maintain secrecy. Called upon both to guard against the harmful effects of radiation and to downplay its hazards, doctors struggled with the ethics of ending the deadliest of all wars using the most lethal of all weapons. Their work became a very human drama of ideals, co-optation, and complicity.
A vital and vivid account of a largely unknown chapter in atomic history, Atomic Doctors is a profound meditation on the moral dilemmas that ordinary people face in extraordinary times.
Browse our collection.
See BiblioVault's publisher services.
Files for college accessibility offices.
UChicago Accessibility Resources
home | accessibility | search | about | contact us
BiblioVault ® 2001 - 2024
The University of Chicago Press
|
More Posts
- Overuse of Antibiotics: Health Dangers Discovered
- Non-GMO At General Mills: You'll Never Believe Who Spoke Up
- One Cure To 6 Surprising Cause Of Bad Breath
- Helps Women's Hearts: Even 'Moderate' Exercise
- Toxins, Gut Bacteria, Nutritional Deficiencies, and Vaccines Made with Human Fetal Cell Lines: Culprits Of Autism Identified
New research shows that meditative exercises designed to reduce stress may help reduce the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
US researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) evaluated adults between the ages of 55 and 90 in some of whom had been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment.
We know that approximately 50% of people diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment the intermediate stage between the expected declines of normal ageing and the more serious cognitive deterioration associated with dementia may develop dementia within five years. And unfortunately, we know there are currently no FDA approved medications that can stop that progression, says lead author Rebecca Erwin Wells, MD, MPH, who conducted her research as a fellow in Integrative Medicine at BIDMC and Harvard Medical School.
We also know that as people age, theres a high correlation between perceived stress and Alzheimers disease, so we wanted to know if stress reduction through meditation might improve cognitive reserve.
For the study, which was published in Neuroscience …
Photo: Foodmatters.tv
|
Table of Contents
- 1 What is the best way to validate startup ideas?
- 2 Why is it important to validate the business model before writing a business plan?
- 3 What is product validation?
- 4 How do you validate an app?
- 5 What are the three major areas that require validation for any new product?
- 6 What is the first and arguable the best way to validate the marketability of your product?
What is the best way to validate startup ideas?
10 Ways to Rapidly Test Your Startup Idea
- Write down your product concept.
- Decide.
- Most of what you write down are assumptions.
- Find the truth by getting out to test your assumptions.
- Start with your network.
- Interview your customers.
- Ask, "Why?"
- Find the value proposition.
Why is it important to validate the business model before writing a business plan?
Businesses are based on ideas and assumptions. But the difference between a good and a bad business is in the ability to validate those assumptions. By validating your core assumptions, you save time and money. Each step of validating your business model will examine different segments in the nine-step business model.
What is startup idea validation?
Market validation is the process of determining if there's a need for your product in your target market. Validating your business idea can enable you to reasonably predict whether people will buy your product or service, and whether your business will be profitable.
Why is it important to validate your ideas?
Validation reduces the risk, speeds up the delivery of a value-creating service in the market, and minimizes the costs. An idea should be validated before investing a significant amount of time and resources in developing it to avoid building and launching a product or concept no one wants or isn't willing to pay for.
What is product validation?
The Product Validation Process is the second of the verification and validation processes conducted on an implemented or integrated end product. This is achieved by examining the products of the system at every level of the product structure and comparing them to the stakeholder expectations for that level.
How do you validate an app?
Here are some of the key ways to validate your app idea:
- Do a Market Research. The first step is to understand your target audience.
- Build a Minimum Viable Product.
- Analyse the App Store Charts.
- Understand The Size of Your Target Market.
- Check Your App's Product-Market Fit.
What is business validation testing?
Business Process Validation (BPV) is the act of verifying that a set of end-to-end business processes function as intended. When defects are identified, these problems are logged for repair by IT personnel, business analysts or the software vendor, as appropriate.
What is a business model validation?
The business model validation plan provides a structured space for you to set up and build upon the experiments you'll need to run to test critical assumptions. It will save you time by falsifying hypotheses in your business model before you proceed to product-market fit.
What are the three major areas that require validation for any new product?
The Three Main Questions of Product Idea Validation To find your product/market fit, you have to answer three questions: Can it be built? Here's where you find out what you would need to build the product: expertise, equipment, capital, etc. Should it be built?
What is the first and arguable the best way to validate the marketability of your product?
The first and arguably best way to validate your product is to prioritize making a few initial sales. Nothing is more important than customers seeing the value in your product and exchanging money for it.
Is Validated still in business?
Validated will continue to operate as a standalone brand, the company said in a blog post announcing the acquisition. Terms of the deal were not disclosed.
How do you validate product ideas?
How to Validate Your Product Ideas Cheap and Fast
- The Three Main Questions of Product Idea Validation.
- Identify Your Target Market. Start with a Narrow Audience.
- Research the Market. Use Google Trends.
- Conduct an Online Experiment. Generate Leads with a Landing Page.
- Build a Prototype.
- Pitch Your Idea.
- Conclusion.
|
Journal of Marine Sciences ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 12-20.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2022.01.002
Previous Articles Next Articles
There is strong tide in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary and its adjacent area. Except for the coast area, there is a lack of longterm tide level and tidal current data in the offshore area. Long time series of water level observation data was used in this study, and the results reveal that the tidal type in the Changjiang Estuary is a regular semidiurnal tide, with a significant shallow water division in the nearshore area; the M2 division is the most significant semidiurnal tide, and the amplitude tends to increase from the open sea in the east to the shallow water or island group at the mouth of Hangzhou Bay in the west. The M2 tidal current is the most significant semidiurnal tidal current, and the rotating tide is the most significant semidiurnal tide. The two stations to the south of the Changjiang mouth are rotating counterclockwise, while the stations to the east of the mouth are rotating clockwise. The vertical structure of the tide has significant spatial differences, the ellipticity of the M2 tidal current is mostly negative, the ellipticity of the M2 tidal current, the direction and the arrival time of maximum velocity all vary significantly with depth.#br#
|
But what exactly is brandilove? Why is it so important in our lives? Let's dive deep into this fascinating topic and unveil its secrets.
What is brandilove?
brandilove is not just a word; it's an experience, a feeling that transcends ordinary life. It's the essence of something magical, something that brings joy and satisfaction.
The Importance of brandilove in Daily Life
In our daily lives, brandilove plays a crucial role. It can uplift our spirits, boost our confidence, and even enhance our well-being. Whether it's a cherished possession or an everyday item, brandilove adds a touch of magic to everything it touches.
The History and Evolution of brandilove
Origins of brandilove
The history of brandilove dates back to ancient times. Its origins can be traced to ancient civilizations where it was revered for its mystical properties.
Evolution through Time
Over the centuries, brandilove has evolved, adapting to changing times and cultures. Today, it's more than just a word; it's a global phenomenon that continues to captivate hearts worldwide.
Benefits of Using brandilove
Physical Benefits
Using brandilove can have numerous physical benefits. It can enhance our appearance, boost our health, and even improve our posture.
Emotional and Psychological Benefits
On an emotional level, brandilove can bring joy, happiness, and a sense of fulfillment. It can also help reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, making us feel more relaxed and at ease.
How to Choose the Right brandilove
Factors to Consider
Choosing the right brandilove can be a daunting task. There are so many options available, each with its unique features and benefits. Factors to consider include quality, price, and personal preferences.
Tips for Finding Quality brandilove
To find quality brandilove, it's essential to do your research. Read reviews, ask for recommendations, and don't be afraid to try different brands until you find the one that's perfect for you.
Maintaining and Caring for Your brandilove
Cleaning and Storage Tips
Proper care and maintenance are key to ensuring your brandilove lasts a lifetime. Clean it regularly, store it in a safe place, and avoid exposing it to harsh chemicals or extreme temperatures.
When to Replace Your brandilove
Like all things, brandilove has a lifespan. Over time, it may lose its charm or functionality. Knowing when to replace your brandilove is essential to ensure you continue to enjoy its benefits.
FAQs about brandilove
Is brandilove suitable for everyone?brandilove is generally suitable for everyone, but it's always best to consult with a healthcare professional before using any new product.
How often should I use brandilove?The frequency of using brandilove depends on individual needs and preferences. Some people use it daily, while others use it occasionally.
Can I mix different brands of brandilove?Mixing different brands of brandilove is generally not recommended as it may affect the quality and effectiveness of the product.
Is brandilove safe for children?While brandilove is generally safe for adults, it's important to keep it out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion or misuse.
How long does brandilove last?The lifespan of brandilove varies depending on the type and quality. High-quality brandilove can last for many years with proper care and maintenance.
Where can I buy authentic brandilove?You can buy authentic brandilove from reputable retailers, online stores, or directly from the brand's official website.
brandilove is more than just a word; it's an experience, a feeling that adds magic to our lives. From its fascinating history to its numerous benefits, brandilove continues to captivate hearts worldwide. Whether you're a brandilove enthusiast or new to the world of brandilove, there's no denying its allure and charm.
|
According to a story from Financial Buzz, the drug developer Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Inc., recently announced that a Phase II clinical trial that will test the company's experimental drug CPI-613 in combination with a modified FOLFIRINOX regimen has recently been initiated. This open label trial will test this combination treatment on patients with pancreatic cancer whose disease does not qualify for surgical intervention.
About Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most dangerous forms of cancer. The disease affects the pancreas, which is a glandular organ that is situated behind the stomach. Part of the reason that pancreatic cancer is so dangerous is that it rarely produces noticeable symptoms until it has reached an advanced stage and begun to spread. However, even when detected earlier, it is difficult to treat effectively. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include being male, old age, African-American ancestry, family history, smoking, obesity, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, and a diet heavy in red meat, processed meat, or meat cooked at very high temperatures. Symptoms include depression, upper abdominal pain, jaundice, diabetes, constipation, weight loss, and appetite loss. Treatment approaches for this cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Even with heavy treatment, pancreatic cancer almost always returns. The five year survival rate is just five percent. To learn more about pancreatic cancer, click here.
Encouraging Results So Far
The ultimate goal of the trial is to monitor the impact of CPI-613 and FOLFIRINOX on overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer as well as ascertain more data about the safety of this therapeutic approach. Earlier trials have suggested that this treatment could offer meaningful improvements in overall survival and progression free survival. In the earlier trial, median progression free survival was 9.9 months and median overall survival was 19.9 months. These numbers are considerably better than many current standards of care. They may not seem impressive overall, but in a disease as deadly as pancreatic cancer, sometimes improvement in treatment is measured in a few extra months of survival.
Rafael Pharmaceuticals is committed to the development of therapies that target cancer based on distinctive metabolic differences between regular cells and cancer cells. CPI-613 has earned Orphan Drug designation for the treatment of several forms of cancer, including myelodysplastic syndromes, pancreatic cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and peripheral T-cell lymphoma.
|
Educate kids about the basic needs of dogs and cats, helping them understand the responsibilities of pet ownership.
The topic of pet nutrition and guide kids on providing proper and balanced meals for their furry companions.
The essentials of pet grooming and hygiene, teaching kids how to keep their dogs and cats clean and comfortable.
The significance of regular exercise and engaging playtime for pets, and teach kids how to keep their four-legged friends active.
Safety guidelines for kids when interacting with pets, fostering a secure environment for both children and animals.
Caring for pets can help children develop empathy, responsibility, and a deeper understanding of the needs of living beings.
Teaching kids responsible pet care creates lifelong lessons, nurturing strong bonds and creating compassionate pet owners.
|
Do you feel it? The winds have shifted. As teachers, we've sometimes felt like a lone voice in the wilderness calling for increased investments in public education … sounding a warning that if we didn't reverse trajectory on education funding, the consequences would be dire.
It's now dire. Utah's per-pupil public education funding is the lowest in the nation at 57 percent of the national average and is down 5.6 percent from its 2008 pre-recession level. Prior to the mid-1990s, Utah ranked in the Top 10 for its tax effort to fund education, but has since slipped well below average. As a result, Utah classrooms have grown to be among the nation's most crowded, school districts are struggling to keep classrooms staffed with qualified teachers and Utah students are being academically outperformed by students in states with similar demographics.
The results are no surprise to teachers. We've watched class sizes creep up and student resources dwindle for years. Despite our best efforts in the classroom, the lack of funding that has long-plagued our classrooms shackles our ability to provide the education we know our students deserve.
But we are alone no more. Winds of hope are blowing from new directions. Seeing the dire situation facing Utah's students, many are now joining us in sounding a warning bell. The community is recognizing the important role of public education and calling for increased investment:
- Prosperity 2020, an organization led by political and business interests, released a report last fall calling for a $600 million infusion into education over five years.
- Gov. Gary Herbert followed with a proposed FY2016 budget that recommends increasing state public education spending by $343 million, including a 6.25 percent bump in the WPU, the largest in a quarter-century.
- The Salt Lake Chamber supports the governor's budget. "The business community deeply appreciates the governor's leadership in proposing this investment in Utah's future workforce," said president and CEO Lane Beattie in a press release.
- Business leaders are calling for tax increases. Zion's Bank President and CEO A. Scott Anderson said, "Languishing as the state that spends the least per pupil in the country won't propel us into the Top 10. I don't believe we can get there without a tax increase for education" ("Taking Utah into Top 10," Jan. 23).
- The Utah Citizens' Counsel, a group of seniors with broad public policy experience, is asking legislators to restore lost education funding by increasing the flat income tax rate.
Never in recent memory have so many voices been so resoundingly behind the call to properly fund education. Prosperity 2020 Chairman Alan Hall said it well: "It appears that Utah is at a remarkable point of consensus supporting an investment in Utah's education. With this consensus, we are confident that Governor Herbert and the Legislature will work together to fund Utah's continued economic prosperity."
I appreciate Mr. Hall's optimism, but have reason for concern. While many legislators are supportive, I hear some grumbling that it's just too hard … that Utahns are unwilling to bear the full financial responsibility of adequately educating our children … that the state's resources are better used elsewhere or squirreled away for some rainy day.
To these legislators I say, the children of Utah have languished for far too long! The winds have changed. The time is now.
Sharon Gallagher-Fishbaugh is president of the Utah Education Association and Utah's 2009 Teacher of the Year.
|
Learn How to Prioritise Tasks: Importance and Urgency Guide
Learning how to prioritise tasks based on importance and urgency is a vital skill in any technical profession. As you navigate the complex landscape of technical professionals, mastering this ability can significantly boost your productivity and efficiency.
By delving into techniques to manage workloads, this article will equip you with the skills needed to prioritise tasks according to importance and urgency. We'll start by helping you understand your priorities; discerning between what's urgent and what's important is key to smart prioritisation.
You'll also learn how setting clear goals can aid in identifying the highest-priority tasks. Time management strategies will be discussed as well – these are essential for staying focused on top priorities while still meeting deadlines.
We'll also explore ways to stay organised using tools like project management software which helps keep track of daily tasks. Lastly, the value of taking breaks is emphasised to maintain a work-life balance while doing meaningful work towards long-term goals.
Understand Your Priorities
Don't let the daily hustle and bustle obscure your objectives. As a technical professional, it's crucial to prioritise tasks based on their importance and urgency.
Important vs. Urgent: Important tasks contribute to your long-term goals, while urgent tasks require immediate attention. Use the Eisenhower Matrix to categorise tasks into four quadrants: Urgent & Important (Do First), Important but Not Urgent (Schedule), Urgent but Not Important (Delegate if possible), and Not Urgent Nor Important (Eliminate/Reduce).
Project Management Tools: Enhance your ability to understand priorities by using project management tools like JIRA, Asana, or Trello. These platforms make it easier to visualise priorities and manage workflows effectively.
Differentiating Between Importance And Urgency In Tasks: To differentiate between importance and urgency, ask yourself: Does this contribute directly toward my key objectives? If yes, then it's important. If its completion deadline looms close, then it could also be urgent. Understanding this distinction enables us to make better decisions about where to allocate resources, ultimately leading to more productive and efficient workdays.
Set Your Goals and Achieve Them
As a tech professional, setting goals is crucial for your career growth. Having clear objectives can guide your actions and decisions. Start by defining your short-term and long-term goals. Your goals could be project-based, like completing a task within a given timeframe, or skill-based, such as learning a new skill in the next few months.
Create SMART Goals: A useful approach to goal-setting is creating SMART goals. This acronym stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. By ensuring that each of your goals has these five characteristics, you'll have a clear direction on where to focus your efforts.
- Specific: Define what you want to accomplish.
- Measurable: Identify how you'll track progress and know when the goal has been achieved.
- Achievable: Make sure it's something within reach considering available resources and constraints.
- Relevant: Ensure it aligns with broader objectives, whether personal or organizational.
- Time-bound: Set deadlines for achieving the goal, which creates urgency but also allows time management planning.
Bite-Sized Tasks: Instead of viewing your goals as large mountains that seem impossible to climb, break them down into smaller tasks or milestones. This way, achieving individual milestones feels rewarding, and overall progress towards the final aim seems more achievable too.
Prioritize Based on Importance and Urgency: Another key aspect of working towards set targets involves prioritizing based on importance and urgency using tools like the Eisenhower Matrix. This helps distinguish between urgent-important tasks versus those less critical yet still necessary ones, enabling efficient utilisation of time and energy resources leading ultimately towards successful accomplishment of respective set targets.
Time Management for Technical Professionals
Technical professionals need to manage their time effectively to succeed. Not just cramming more into less time, but instead concentrating on the most essential tasks.
Understand Your Priorities: Identify urgent tasks that require immediate attention and important tasks that align with your long-term goals. Use the Eisenhower Matrix to categorise tasks based on their urgency and importance.
Create a Schedule: Schedule high-priority tasks during your peak productivity hours. Early birds should tackle complex work in the morning, while night owls should save it for later.
Manage Distractions: Digital distractions can disrupt workflow and decrease productivity. Use these tips to manage distractions:
- Emails: Check emails at specific times instead of responding immediately.
- Social Media: Use an app like Freedom to block distracting websites.
- Noise: Use noise-cancelling headphones or white noise apps like myNoise White Noise Generator.
- Pomodoro Technique: Work intensely for 25 minutes followed by a five-minute break.
Remember, effective time management requires practice. Once mastered, it leads to increased efficiency and productivity.
Stay Organised
Staying organised is a necessity, not just a preference. An orderly workspace can enhance your ability to prioritise tasks, manage complex projects, and meet deadlines.
Create an Effective To-Do List: A well-crafted to-do list is one of the most effective prioritisation methods. List all your daily tasks, rank them based on importance and urgency, and create a priority list that guides your workflow.
Leverage Project Management Software: Project management software tools are great for organising and prioritising work. Assign priorities to tasks based on their significance and due dates, and track project progress for everyone involved.
Maintain an Orderly Workspace: An organised workspace contributes to smart prioritisation, focus, and productivity. Keep materials for high-priority tasks within reach and maintain a clutter-free environment to reduce distractions.
Schedule Regular Clean-Up Sessions: Regular clean-up sessions ensure that nothing important gets overlooked amidst chaos. Set aside specific times each week to organize files, clear out your inbox, and maintain orderliness over the long-term.
Take Breaks
Don't be a workaholic robot. Taking breaks is a crucial career skill that can help you avoid burnout and maintain focus.
The Importance of Taking Breaks: Research shows that taking brief diversions from a task can significantly improve your ability to focus on that task for prolonged periods. So, take a break and come back stronger.
Types of Effective Breaks:
- Movement Break: Stand up, stretch, or take a short walk to get your blood flowing.
- Mental Break: Engage in an activity that requires different cognitive skills than your work, like reading or doing a puzzle.
- Social Break: Chat with colleagues about non-work-related topics to build better relationships.
- Nutrition Break: Eat healthy snacks or meals to fuel your brain effectively.
Scheduling Your Breaks: To maximise the benefits of taking breaks, schedule them throughout your day instead of randomly. Try the Pomodoro Technique, where you work for 25 minutes followed by a five-minute respite, to ensure optimal efficiency. Remember, not all tasks require equal amounts of energy, so adjust your breaks accordingly. Taking regular planned pauses allows you to maintain concentration and avoid burnout, making them an essential part of any successful professional's routine.
Master the art of task prioritisation by understanding your goals, managing your time, staying organised, and taking breaks.
Got too much on your plate? Prioritising tasks based on importance and urgency can help you tackle them efficiently without sacrificing quality or burning out. Setting goals helps you stay focused and motivated, while managing your time effectively ensures that you have enough time for each task.
Staying organised keeps you on track and reduces stress levels, while taking breaks allows you to recharge and maintain productivity.
So, whether you're a technical professional in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics, or just someone trying to get things done, mastering the art of task prioritization is key to achieving your goals.
|
To slow down the effects of aging in your 40's, Dr. Koehler and Kirstin reveal the must-have products and must-do treatments in the second episode of our mini-series on skin care throughout the decades.
In your 40's, it's all about prevention and a little bit of reversal too. Forget the drugstore basics and start looking at Retin-A and medical grade skin care products. Get serious about microneedling and add lasers to your beauty plan for those deeper lines.
Dr. Koehler dishes on the most common complaints he hears from 40-something patients and which treatments tackle them best.
It might seem like changes such as volume loss are popping up left and right at this age, but don't overdo the filler. Find out when fat is the better option.
Find out the two most common areas aging hits hardest in your 40's and the best surgical solutions.
- Shop our skin care store
- Read more about injectables
- Learn more about SkinPen microneedling and Vivace RF microneedling
- Read more about laser treatments
- Read more about neck lift and eyelid surgery
Announcer (00:02):
You are listening to Alabama the Beautiful with cosmetic surgeon, Dr. James Koehler and Kirstin Jarvis.
Kirstin (00:08):
Hey, Dr. Koehler.
Dr. Koehler (00:09):
Hey, Kirstin.
Kirstin (00:12):
Do you know what we have today?
Dr. Koehler (00:14):
What do we have?
Kirstin (00:16):
Well, if you missed it, on our last episode, we talked about how to take the very best care of your face for people in their thirties, but today we're back to talk about people in their forties. Would you say forties is a good combination of preventing and reversing, or are we still preventing in our forties?
Dr. Koehler (00:37):
I think we're always preventing, should always be on the preventing side. Reversing, that's a tough one. I'd say certain things we can reverse to a certain extent. So yes, there is a little bit of that, but a lot of it is just we're expanding the preventing we're doing more and maybe what we started in our thirties, hopefully developing some good skincare habits and things like that. Now we're starting to put it more to use because now we're starting to notice some changes in our forties that we didn't see in our thirties. And so this is typically when people start hitting the panic button. They're like, yeah, I didn't do anything in my thirties. And now all of a sudden they're seeing things, they're starting to see changes, and now all of a sudden it's an emergency. We got to start doing some things. But really, again, as I said in my podcast on in your thirties, start establishing those good habits then and now we're just sort of expanding what we're going to be doing.
Kirstin (01:39):
Well, we talked about what to do every day in our 30-ish podcast, which was take care of your skin, wash your face, wear your sunscreen, every few months we want to start microneedling like every six weeks for a little session of three or four treatments, and we want to do Botox, sometimes fillers. So is there any additional skincare when you're 40 ish that you should use like retinoids or any must haves that you should start?
Dr. Koehler (02:07):
Yeah, definitely. If you can tolerate it, now is the time to start considering using a Retin A as part of your skin regimen. So in your thirties, probably don't need it. Your skin is probably fine without a Retin A, but starting to get into the forties and certainly into the fifties, you should be in a Retin A. Now, the thing about Retin A is a lot of people have a hard time tolerating it. So many people, they're like, oh, I can't use that. It just makes my skin X, Y, Z, whatever it flakes, it's dry, I hate it. And the vast majority of people, they'll use it and then they quit it and every time they quit it and then they start it back up again, they go through the same process again. And it's just a vicious circle. So the only way you get through that is to push on through and use it and use it and use it until you can get past that.
So let me explain a little bit about how Retin A works, because this is, you'll see what the benefit of it is and why people have such a problem with it. So when we're young, let's just say our skin is like this thick. And so our skin is the top layer of skin is the dead skin cells, okay? They're flaking off constantly. And so a new skin cell is formed and then over the course of about six weeks kind of works its way to the top and then poop dies and it flakes off, it loses its nucleus along the way, and then it falls off, flakes off. So that's constantly happening cycle after cycle after cycle. So new skin cells are formed, old ones fall and flake away. Well, that very top layer, it's called the stratum corneum, it's like dead skin cells. And when we're young, it's a thin layer of dead skin cells.
But as we get older, that layer starts to become thicker. And that's why our skin, when it's kind of shinier, has a better complexion when we're younger. And then as we get older, it becomes sort of duller, maybe not as bright in appearance is because that skin has got a thicker layer of dead skin cells. So the goal is to get that layer back to being thin again. And what Retin A does is it speeds up the rate of skin turnover. So when a newly formed skin cell is formed to when it goes and flakes off, it speeds that process up. And in doing so, these dead skin cells are flaking off at a quicker rate. Well, when that first starts to happen, so you go from having this thicker layer of dead skin cells and now they become thinner. Well, your body's ability to hold moisture changes.
It's used to having that thicker layer at that point in your life. And so when you lose some of that surface skin, it's drying out, it's losing water. And so that's what makes people have that red flaky, dry cracked, doesn't feel good feeling. Okay. And so new skin cells are forming quicker, but the dead ones are falling off. And it takes about, well, you got to use these skincare products for about, we say about three skin cycles. So if a skin cycle is about six weeks, so 18 weeks of using a Retin A to really get past a lot of these problems. And so what typically happens is people use a rein a and they get red and flaky and they go, oh, I'm going to quit. And then two weeks later, I'm going to try it again. And they try it again. And every time they try, they go through the same thing.
So how do you get through that? Well, first of all, you want to make sure you're the lowest concentration that you can possibly tolerate. And then as your skin adjusts and you are able to tolerate it more, you can go to a more potent form of the Retin A. So you want to start at the lowest concentration and then start working up to a higher concentration. Sometimes you can kind of go to every other day application. So you do it Monday, don't do it Tuesday, do it Wednesday, don't do it Thursday. But at some point you're going to have to go to everyday application. So that may give your skin a little bit of break, but it's not too long of a break that you're starting from ground zero every time. So that's one way of doing it. And then of course, making sure you're keeping your skin moisturized during the process, but you got to get through it.
And so unless you're willing to push through and get past all of that, you're going to keep experiencing that every time you do it. So if you do push through, then over a period of time your body does adapt and now all of a sudden your skin is not red and cracking and flaking and that top layer of skin has become thinner and your skin will have a more youthful appearance. And Retin A has been just over and over again in studies, the one skincare product that consistently can improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and it also will help with some pigmentation problems. So you go to any dermatologist, that's going to be something that they're just generally going to recommend. Now, you do need to also understand Retin A's will sensitize your skin to if you're out in the sun and you're going to get a sunburn much more easily.
So if you're on it, you got to be careful and especially when you're living in the south, and if you're not wearing sunscreen and a hat and all that kind of stuff, you're going to get burned.
Kirstin (07:35):
Excellent education.
Dr. Koehler (07:36):
Yeah, that's just one. I mean, the other also probably in the forties is when you may start considering more medical grade type skincare. I think when you're in your thirties, I think something like Cetaphil, which is just, I have no financial interest, I don't own any stock, but it's an inexpensive, I recommend it for patients after laser resurfacing. It doesn't have any perfumes or additives. It's very gentle on the skin. So after laser resurfacing, we use that because it just doesn't irritate the skin. But when you're in your thirties, some simple face wash and some moisturizer, you're probably good, and then sunscreen. And then as you start getting older, then that's the addition of a Retin A.
And then we start looking at more prescription skincare products, maybe some of the vitamin C line to kind of help with, again, that skin tone or sort of that glow, youthful glow to your skin. And again, skin types are very different. Some people have oily skin, some people have dry skin. So there's not a one size fits all when it comes to skincare. And also I noticed, especially with women, there's lots of preferences. Sometimes the skincare product can work really, really well, but if you don't like the smell of it, you're not going to use it. And so if it smells bad, you're like, oh, I'm not using that. And so those are all things that into people choosing their skincare product. But one thing I will say, and I have just seen this so many times, family members or other people, let's say I have samples and you're like, oh, here, try this skincare product.
My mother-in-law's sweet as she can be, but she'll be like, oh yeah, she's used it for three days. Oh, I think I already see a difference in my skin. I only used it for three days. I mean, no, three days. Anyhow, she's sweet. I think she's just being nice to me. But the point is, is that you're not, skin, I already mentioned it takes six weeks for a new skin cell to form, come, flake off. So if we're using skincare products, which are really are to help with the physiology of the skin, so it's working on these skin cells that are forming, it's going to take time to see a difference in your skin. These are not things that you put on and you see immediate change. Now that may smell good, it may feel good, and that's great, but to really see a difference in your skin, you got to be patient.
And if you're going to make a judgment on your skincare product, you need to be using it for a few months to really see if you like it. And your skin sometimes takes time to adapt. So just something to keep in mind when people are trying stuff is like, you got to be okay, I'm going to try it for three months, and if I do it for three months or six months and I'm not seeing the kind of improvement that I'd like to see, well then talk to one of our staff and they can make recommendations.
Kirstin (10:19):
Dr. Koehler (10:20):
Yeah, agree.
Kirstin (10:21):
What about facials in your forties?
Dr. Koehler (10:24):
Facials are great anytime, but so facial is not, all a facial is really doing, it makes your skin feel good. You're removing the dead skin surface. That's what you're really doing with a facial. It's not going to give you any long-term benefit like microneedling or some of the other laser treatments. But if you had something coming up and you just want your skin to have a nice little glow, it just gets rid of the surface, dead skin cells, it feels good. When you're done, your skin, it just feels so smooth. It looks good. So it's a nice little pick me up. But that's, it's kind of like doing your nails right? I mean, it's not permanent, but you like it, so you do it. So that's what a facial will do.
Kirstin (11:10):
Feels good. Looks good. Short term.
Dr. Koehler (11:12):
Very short term. And then there also are so some chemical peels that people may start doing in their forties and chemical peels, they're not all the same. The very superficial peels are the ones that aestheticians can do. And again, those are going to be more involved than a facial. But again, it's not going to be, these aren't aggressive things. They're not going to make big changes to your skin. But the peels go to different depths. But once you start to get to these medium depth and deep peels, those are not done by aestheticians. Those are done by physicians only. And my recommendation, if you're going to do a medium to a deep peel that you do it by somebody who does a lot of them. I trained with Gary Monheit, who's a dermatologist in Birmingham, and he's a great guy, but he's developed some of his own peels that have become very popular throughout the world, but he does lots of peels.
So if I wanted a peel, that's what I'm going to see. The reason that some doctors like to do peels is because from a cost standpoint, the chemical peels are a lot more affordable for patients, but also for the doctor, cuz you don't have to purchase expensive lasers. But for me, and I do peels from time to time for certain circumstances, but I have a laser and I've invested in this laser, and the CO2 laser is great. And the advantage of a laser is the depth. When you push that little pedal and it releases the energy you've made all the settings the way you want, it goes to the depth that you told it to go to. With chemical peels, if you paint it on a little too much or maybe there's a little grease on the skin, so it doesn't go as deep in certain areas and goes deeper in others, there's a lot more finer skill, not finer skill, but there is a skill that you have to be good at doing 'em, and you have to have done a lot of 'em. And even then, chemical bills can be a little scary. So the deeper ones, the superficial ones are great. And those are things that people do in their forties in the office.
Kirstin (13:15):
Can we talk a little bit more about the laser?
Dr. Koehler (13:19):
The laser, the CO2, laser two?
Kirstin (13:21):
Dr. Koehler (13:21):
Yeah. So the CO2 laser is great for photo damage, skin fine lines and wrinkles. Again, it doesn't work on dynamic lines. That's back to Botox lines you have during movement. So one thing that I see a lot of people coming in complaining of is, oh, I've got smokers lines, but I've never smoked a day in my life. And I'm like, yeah, well, people call 'em smokers lines, but most of the people I see aren't smokers. So again, genetics, diet, all sorts of things come into play. Those are difficult to treat. You can't fill these little vertical lines in. Some people come in and go, can you just put some filler in those lines? I'm like, it's not like spackling. I'm not just filling the cracks in. And if you put filler in there, it sometimes gives people this sort of plumped out duck bill type of look, and it doesn't look good.
So occasionally filler can be beneficial. Sometimes you can use Botox around the perioral region to kind of prevent the pursing of the lips. So when you purse your lips, you make the lines worse. But the disadvantage of that is people will get it done. They're like, well, it really helped the lines, but I couldn't drink out of a straw. Well, yeah, well, because that muscle can't contract now, and you got to be careful and you have to keep the dose really low. I always say for Botox around the mouth, for people, it's like they either love it or they hate it. And there's usually no in-between, it's not like I kind of liked it. People are like, no, I'm never doing that again. I couldn't speak properly. I suck out of a straw. I hated it. Or there's people that I see that they notice a benefit, so we'll do it.
So laser works well for these lines, but microneedling is also something, and that we talked about the radio frequency microneedling. So that really is more, I know we talked about it for people in their thirties, but really in the thirties, they don't need the microneedling. I mean, that's great if they want to do that, but that's really more something that we start looking at in your forties and fifties. Microneedling is good. You don't have the downtime. CO2 does have downtime. It's surgery and the depth that I do, the laser and the aggressiveness at which we do the laser, you really can't do that under topical or local anesthesia. You really need to put to sleep for it. Now it's brief anesthesia, but you're out because afterwards, yeah, it's a little uncomfortable. It's not terribly painful. It looks painful, but most people are like, it doesn't hurt.
But getting it done hurts, it hurts. And you really to get it done at the depth that we want to do it, you have to be put to sleep. So people with more advanced fine lines and wrinkles, that's when we do the CO2. I typically recommend doing the CO2 more in the fall and winter when we don't have as much sun exposure. And you also, not everybody's a candidate with CO2 laser if you've got a darker skin type. So if you're like Asian Mediterranean, you've got pigment to your skin, you can't really do CO2 safely, you'll have permanent pigmentation changes in your skin, and so it's just not safe. But if you're pasty white or you've got a little bit of skin color to your skin, well laser's fine, and you can do that safely. I mean, there still can be potential pigment changes, but it's not like you would see with people who have a lot of natural pigment, but microneedling you can do on all skin types. So that's the nice thing. You can do it. People who have darker skin, there's options. You might not do CO2, but you can do radio frequency microneedling. That's safe to do.
Kirstin (16:54):
I love microneedling, all day every day.
Dr. Koehler (16:56):
Yeah, no, it's a great preventative thing. I'm a fan of it for sure. I think you had mentioned earlier about doing Botox in your forties.
Kirstin (17:06):
Yeah. Well, when we were talking about 30 ish people, we talked about doing forehead and crow's feet when you first start out getting Botox. But when you're in your forties, do you go to other parts of your face to treat?
Dr. Koehler (17:21):
Well, we mentioned around the mouth potentially. Sometimes we'll treat, so people will say, well, it looks like I'm frowning or my mouth looks like it's turned down. So there's muscles that raise the corner of your lip, and there's muscles that pull down on the corner of your lip. And the big one over here is the depressor anguli oris, and it runs from the corner of your lip down. This muscle is what makes you turn your lip down. Well, the thought is if you put in that muscle, it's kind of like a tug of war. This muscle's pulling up, this muscle's pulling down. Well, if we inactivate this muscle, this muscle potentially wins the tug of war and it lifts the corner of your mouth up slightly. It's going to be subtle and it won't fix jowling. It's not going to fix that marionette line. But if it's truly the corner of your mouth, sort of downturned, sometimes people have it done, they're like, yeah, I noticed a big difference and I've done it for others.
And they're like, I didn't really see much of a change. Doing Botox in the lower half of the face is not nearly as predictable and successful as it is in the upper half of the face. And part of it is because we're dealing with the muscles that move our mouth and smile and getting that without affecting how we speak, how we eat. It's just you got to be careful in those areas. Up here you have a lot more safety and what you're trying to achieve. So typical areas in thirties and forties is going to be forehead, glabella, and crow's feet. And if you're late in starting and you already have, so if you look in the mirror and you have a line at rest and you're like, I want that gone and you come see me, I'm going to tell you, well, we may not be able to do that, but we can help at least help prevent it from getting deeper because static lines are not affected by Botox.
However, if you started it in your forties and you had these static lines and you were consistent with it, it's possible that once that muscle has not been working for a while, that that crease might soften up a little bit. You're not having any muscle activity there. But there's a male patient of mine who is actually in his sixties, and he came to see me and he had this crease that started right here in the middle of his eyes, and it went literally three quarters of the way up his forehead. And it looked like he walked in the room and he looked like he was going to tear somebody's head off. And he is the nicest guy, nicest guy, business owner, just really nice. But whether it's when he's concentrating or whatever it is that he's doing, he has really strong muscles in his forehead and his brow area.
And over time, he's just created that permanent crease in his skin. And I was like, man, if I could have got ahold of you 20 years ago, we could have maybe prevented this from happening. So male patients are not going to typically do skincare and all that stuff, although more men are. But still, if I could just get for men, if I could pick one area to treat and you would do it consistently, I would be like this area right between your eyes. Because all the other lines on our face, most guys, they don't care about crow's feet. They do not care. I don't care about my crow's feet. I don't care. That doesn't bother me. Forehead, I mean, yeah, I got a lot of real estate here, so I've been treating it. But the thing right here, between your eyes, the only lines on your face, forehead lines, no big deal, crow's feet, no big deal.
But these vertical lines look like you're angry, you're upset, you're concerned. It's a negative emotional response that comes along with those lines. And we don't want to look that. We don't want to be negative. We want to be positive. So if you could prevent that for the guys that might be listening, that's the one area. Just treat between your eyes. That's it. Leave your forehead alone. Leave your crow's feet alone. Guys are harder to treat too, because we typically have lower set brows, and sometimes when you treat a forehead, this is the muscle that raises your brows. So if you treat it and get too low, yeah, the wrinkles won't be there, but your brow is going to drop and it'll feel heavy. So for a lot of guys, you got to be careful treating brows, but treating here is pretty safe. And again, if you don't want to look pissed off now, I don't know if you're a police officer and it helps you in your job, I mean, go for it. I don't know. You might have to look tough sometimes.
Kirstin (21:50):
You know why my husband will never have to treat right here with Botox?
Dr. Koehler (21:53):
Cuz you're so sweet. Right? And he never frowns.
Kirstin (21:56):
No. Well, yeah. Okay, never mind. We'll go with your answer. Never mind. He has so much hair there. You can't see wrinkles.
Dr. Koehler (22:03):
Okay, well, there you go. So just grow a monobrow and then you don't have to worry about it. There you go. Simple solution. I didn't even think about that.
Kirstin (22:11):
Yeah. Okay, so we talked about needles, chemical peels, CO2 laser. Real quick, let's talk about surgery for 40 ish people. What are the most common surgeries that you do for people in their forties?
Dr. Koehler (22:24):
Well, I'd like to just back up a little bit.
Kirstin (22:27):
Oh, sorry. Okay.
Dr. Koehler (22:28):
No, because I'm going to make a comment before I talk about surgery. I mentioned it when we were talking about people in their thirties, but it really starts to become more applicable to people in their forties. And certainly once we start getting into our fifties, so late-ish forties, starting to get into the fifties, that's when I start to see more people requesting filler. So in the thirties, people want filler for lips, but in the forties, late forties, and certainly in the fifties, I hear certain things like, okay, well, first of all, the thing people notice is I never had this line, and all of a sudden I woke up this last week and I had this deep line or whatever. And I always tell people, look, that line's probably always been there.
Yes, it's probably more noticeable to you now, but my daughter who's in her twenties, she's got that same crease. Everybody has it. It's just when we get older, this fat pad in our cheek starts to descend. And so the fold becomes a little bit more prominent and more noticeable. So the goal of treatment, if you don't like this line, yes, you can put filler into that nasal labial fold, but the goal should not be elimination of the line because you're supposed to have a little, most people do, okay, now, I guess shouldn't say everybody has it. Some people don't, but most people do. Anyhow, bottom line is don't try to overdo it with filler. Filler is subtle, make some changes. But so often I see people who have surgical problems that are just trying to do everything possible to avoid surgery. And what they've basically done is over treated with something like fillers, and it looks worse rather than better because they've just over treated with something that they should have maybe been looking at other options.
So another sort of misspoken thing that I hear people come in, they're like, I'd like you to put some filler in my cheek to lift up this and to lift up my jowl. Now, first things, first, filler doesn't lift anything, nothing. It's jelly. It will add volume, and it will maybe give the illusion that you've got a little bit of lift because now your cheeks are higher or that the cheek is fuller up here, but it truly is not lifting this. It will not correct your jowls. It will not crack these lines. But yes, putting some filler in the cheek, many of us have lost volume there. As we get older, that fat pad descends. So yes, putting some volume in there can be a good thing, but it's not lifting anything. So yeah, when you get into your forties, that's when people start maybe putting fat in their cheeks, in their nasal labial folds.
Sometimes people will try to camouflage marionette lines, not typically in the forties. That's typically more start talking about fifties and sixties when people are getting the marionette lines. But sometimes we see it in younger people, and then occasionally, sometimes people after weight loss, they'll have some hollowing of the temporal region. So we might add volume there. But anyhow, forties are going to be the time when people are starting to maybe restore some volume that's lost with age, with fillers. Then that leads into when do we pull the trigger for surgery, and what surgeries do we do? So again, there is not an age. I saw somebody this week that was in their forties and had some weight gain and some weight loss, but really had a fair bit of laxity in the neck and jawline region. And even though typical facelift patient is going to be more mid fifties, early sixties type of range, that's where most people are starting to consider their first facelift.
This girl's in her forties, and she's absolutely a candidate for a lower face and neck lift. So age is not the only factor, and some people, their first facelift might be 70. But again, it depends on your health, your genetics. At what point do you want to do this? Some people are, I don't want to wait until I got a big turkey neck before I do this, so I want to do it younger. So we will sometimes do a lower face and neck lift on somebody in their forties. A lot of times if the jawline looks good, sometimes we can do some isolated procedures to the neck, like a deep neck lift or isolated neck lift. So that's an area in the forties that we may consider doing. Upper eyelids start to maybe become a factor. People start to get sort of extra loose skin on that upper eyelid.
And so when they go to put their makeup on in the morning, these women are like, I can't see my eye makeup because my eyelid skin is hanging over 'em. We might do an upper eyelid surgery, or sometimes even a lower eyelid surgery. People sometimes genetically have that bulging of their fat pads on the lower lids. When it's mild, we can sometimes camouflage with filler in the hollow areas to kind of make it look so it's not bulging so much, but there does come a point where if you actually start putting filler there, it'll actually look worse. So if there's a lot of bulging, you got to do something surgically. So we do a lower eyelid surgery to remove the herniating fat, tighten up the skin. So those are the things that you start to maybe see in somebody in their forties.
Kirstin (27:43):
Well, with all of the people that are losing weight on these new weight loss medications, is that something that you're seeing a little more of, is younger people who've lost a lot of weight who now need or want facial rejuvenation because they've got some skin laxity due to weight loss?
Dr. Koehler (28:01):
Yeah, I mean, we see it on the body as well. So the face is no different. If you carried a lot of weight and you lost a lot of weight, it's just different for each person. I always tell people, if you watch that show The Biggest Loser where people were on there and they lost all this weight, some people, their skin did really well. You look at 'em and you go, gosh, they lost that much weight and their skin looks great, and in other people it doesn't do so well. So some of it's your genetics, so not every person that loses a lot of weight has lots of lax skin and needs procedures, so it's just on the individual basis. But yes, with weight loss and depending on how much weight loss, we will see people that they feel like they've really aged in their faces because this is gone now.
It's not like they're used to having a full face. And in fact, there was a study done on identical twins, and it's interesting that up to a certain age, looking thinner is more youthful, but actually as you get older, if you're heavier, it actually, you look younger because you've got more fullness in the cheek. So sometimes being a little overweight when you're older actually can make you look more youthful. So anyhow, it was interesting study they did on identical twins, but they were looking at all the different factors that could affect aging and genetically identical individuals. But yeah.
Kirstin (29:22):
Okay. Do you have anything else to add about 40 ish people?
Dr. Koehler (29:27):
You're about to be 50, and then you're going to need the bigger surgery.
Again, the thing that I mentioned in our last podcast is the best thing that you can do is be consistent. So get a regimen, get your routine, try to be consistent with it. And when you come and see our aestheticians or whatever, they're going to make recommendations. And there's things that you can do. You don't have to do every treatment at every modality, but if you've got a problem area, I'm sure that not everything has a solution, but some things we do have some treatments that are very helpful, and sometimes people have no idea. I had one lady I saw for a surgical consultation, and she had this big sort of venous lake on her lip, and I dunno, somehow it came up in the conversation. I must've said something, but I was like, oh, have you had that for a long time? And she started talking.
She goes, oh yeah, I've hated this, I've had it. She goes, I had somebody try to remove it surgically and anyhow, blah, blah, blah. I'm like, well, we have a laser that it's like one or two treatments gone. She's like, really? I had no idea. I'm like, yeah, we treated her. I think we ended up doing her facelift, but I think she was more happy about getting that venous leg gone with a couple of zaps with our laser. So anyhow, sometimes people just don't realize there are things that are available and they can be simple. Not everything's a big surgery. Some things are simple.
Kirstin (30:55):
All I have to do is ask.
Dr. Koehler (30:56):
That's right.
Kirstin (30:57):
If you don't like it, there's a fix for it.
Dr. Koehler (31:00):
Well, maybe,
Kirstin (31:01):
Maybe. Do you have a burning question for Dr. Koehler or me? You can leave us a voicemail on our podcast website at alabamathebeautiful.com. We'd love to hear from you. Thanks, Dr. Koehler.
Dr. Koehler (31:14):
Alright, thanks Kirstin.
Kirstin (31:15):
Get back to making Alabama beautiful.
Dr. Koehler (31:17):
Alright, talk to you soon.
Announcer (31:19):
Got a question for Dr. Koehler. Leave us a voicemail at Alabama the Beautiful podcast.com. Dr. James Koehler is a cosmetic surgeon practicing in Fairhope, Alabama. To learn more about Dr. Koehler and Eastern Shore Cosmetic Surgery, go to eastern shore cosmetic surgery.com. The commentary in this podcast represents opinion and does not present medical advice, but general information that does not necessarily relate to the specific conditions of any individual patient. If you enjoyed this episode, please share it and subscribe to Alabama the Beautiful on YouTube, Apple Podcast, Spotify, or wherever you like to listen to podcasts. Follow us on Instagram @easternshorecosmeticsurgery. Alabama the Beautiful is a production of The Axis.
|
Emerging Blockchain Startups Revolutionizing London's Tech Scene
London's tech scene is currently experiencing a significant transformation, thanks in large part to the emergence of innovative blockchain startups. These companies are not only revolutionizing financial transactions, data security, and supply chain management but are also influencing various industries including fintech, healthcare, and real estate. As blockchain technology continues to evolve, it presents new challenges and opportunities, shaping the future of London's economy and its position in the global technology landscape.
Key Takeaways
- Blockchain startups are pivotal in transforming London's economic landscape through innovative applications.
- These startups are attracting substantial investment, indicating strong investor confidence and governmental support.
- Challenges such as scalability, regulatory hurdles, and public trust continue to impact the growth of blockchain businesses.
- Technological advancements are enhancing blockchain infrastructure, enabling integration with other cutting-edge technologies.
- Community events and networking are crucial for fostering collaborations and accelerating the development of the blockchain ecosystem.
Overview of Blockchain Technology in London
Key Characteristics of Blockchain
Blockchain technology in London is distinguished by its decentralized nature, immutability, and enhanced security features. These characteristics enable transparent and secure transactions without the need for a central authority. London's blockchain startups drive innovation across industries, attracting venture capital and collaborating with financial authorities.
Impact on London's Economy
The integration of blockchain technology has had a significant impact on London's economy. It not only fosters innovation but also attracts investments and creates new job opportunities. The city fosters blockchain growth through education and community engagement, making it a hub for technological advancements.
Future Prospects
The future of blockchain in London looks promising with continuous growth in technology adoption and an increasing number of startups. The focus is on expanding blockchain applications beyond finance to sectors like healthcare, real estate, and government services, which could revolutionize how these industries operate.
Profiles of Notable Blockchain Startups
Startup A: Innovating Financial Transactions
Startup A has been pivotal in reshaping the financial landscape in London through blockchain technology. They offer solutions that ensure transparency, faster transactions, and reduced costs. Their innovative approach includes:
- Smart contracts automation
- Real-time transaction processing
- Enhanced security protocols
Startup B: Enhancing Data Security
In an era where data breaches are rampant, Startup B provides robust security solutions powered by blockchain. Their systems are designed to prevent unauthorized access and ensure data integrity. Key features include:
- Decentralized data storage
- End-to-end encryption
- Multi-factor authentication
Startup C: Transforming Supply Chain Management
Startup C leverages blockchain to offer transparency and efficiency in supply chain management. Their platform allows businesses to track goods in real-time, from production to delivery, ensuring accountability and reducing fraud. They have significantly improved supply chain dynamics with:
- Blockchain-based tracking systems
- Automated compliance checks
- Integration with IoT devices
Blockchain startups are not only enhancing current systems but are also paving the way for new business models and opportunities within the European tech scene.
Investment Trends in Blockchain Startups
Recent Funding Rounds
In the past year, London has seen a significant uptick in funding for blockchain startups. Notable rounds include investments in sectors like fintech, data security, and supply chain management. The table below summarizes some of the key funding events:
Startup | Amount Raised | Sector |
Startup A | £5M | Fintech |
Startup B | £3M | Data Security |
Startup C | £4M | Supply Chain |
Investor Interest
Investor interest in blockchain technology has been consistently high due to its potential to disrupt traditional industries. Venture capitalists, angel investors, and even corporate venture arms are actively seeking opportunities within this space. Key areas of focus include scalability, security, and regulatory compliance.
Government Support and Regulations
The UK government has shown a proactive stance towards blockchain technology, implementing supportive policies and regulations to foster growth. Initiatives include grants, tax incentives, and regulatory sandboxes which allow startups to test innovations without the full burden of regulatory compliance. This supportive environment is crucial for the sustained growth of blockchain enterprises in London.
Blockchain and Its Role in Various Industries
Fintech Innovations
Blockchain technology is significantly altering the fintech landscape by enhancing transaction security and efficiency. Key innovations include decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms and smart contracts, which automate transactions and reduce reliance on traditional financial intermediaries.
Healthcare Data Management
The application of blockchain in healthcare promises to improve data security and patient privacy. It enables the creation of immutable health records that can be shared securely between authorized parties, thus improving the coordination of care and reducing errors.
Real Estate Transparency
Blockchain is poised to increase transparency in the real estate sector by streamlining property transactions and land registration processes. The technology ensures that all records are accurate and tamper-proof, facilitating quicker and more transparent transactions.
Blockchain startups are reshaping London's tech scene, driving changes across various industries.
Challenges Facing Blockchain Startups
While blockchain technology holds transformative potential, startups in this space face several significant challenges that can impede their growth and operational efficiency.
Scalability Issues
Blockchain startups often struggle with scalability, which is crucial for handling increasing amounts of transactions and data. The inherent design of many blockchain systems limits their transaction processing capacity, leading to potential bottlenecks as a startup grows.
Regulatory Hurdles
Navigating the complex landscape of regulations is a formidable challenge for blockchain startups. Each country's differing rules on cryptocurrency and blockchain technology can complicate expansion and operational strategies.
Public Perception and Trust
Despite the advantages of blockchain, public skepticism remains a barrier. Misconceptions about the technology's association with illicit activities can hinder adoption and trust among potential users and investors.
Technological Advancements in Blockchain
The blockchain landscape is continually evolving with significant technological advancements that promise to redefine its capabilities and applications. These innovations are crucial for the scalability and integration of blockchain technology across various sectors.
Improvements in Blockchain Infrastructure
Recent years have seen substantial improvements in blockchain infrastructure. Enhanced consensus algorithms and increased block size are among the key developments that have contributed to faster transaction speeds and reduced latency. These infrastructure upgrades are essential for blockchain's adoption in high-volume environments.
Integration with Other Technologies
Blockchain is not operating in isolation. The integration with other technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) is paving the way for more robust and versatile applications. This convergence is enabling smarter, more efficient systems that leverage the strengths of each technology.
New Algorithms and Protocols
The introduction of new algorithms and protocols has been pivotal in addressing the inherent limitations of earlier blockchain systems. Innovations such as proof of stake and sharding are improving system efficiency and security, making blockchain more adaptable and easier to scale.
Blockchain technology is at the forefront of a technological revolution, with its ability to enhance transparency and efficiency in various sectors.
Community and Networking in Blockchain Ecosystem
The blockchain ecosystem thrives on robust community engagement and extensive networking opportunities. These elements are crucial for fostering innovation, collaboration, and growth within the sector.
Key Events and Conferences
Blockchain-related events and conferences are pivotal in bringing together industry leaders, innovators, and enthusiasts. These gatherings serve as a platform for sharing knowledge, discussing challenges, and showcasing new technologies. Notable annual events include the London Blockchain Week and the Global Blockchain Summit.
Networking Opportunities
Networking is vital for blockchain startups looking to scale and succeed. Regular meetups, online forums, and dedicated Slack channels provide spaces for stakeholders to connect, exchange ideas, and forge strategic partnerships.
Collaborations and Partnerships
Collaborations between startups, established tech companies, and academic institutions are enhancing the blockchain landscape. These partnerships often lead to the development of new solutions and the refinement of existing technologies, which are essential for the scaling of the business and its operations.
The synergy between community involvement and technological advancement is a key driver of success in the blockchain sector.
As we have explored, the emergence of blockchain startups is significantly reshaping London's tech scene. These innovative companies are not only introducing groundbreaking technologies but are also fostering a new era of digital transformation. With their unique solutions, they are addressing real-world problems, enhancing transparency, and increasing efficiency across various industries. As London continues to embrace these technological advancements, it stands at the forefront of the global tech revolution, promising a future where technology drives growth and innovation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is blockchain technology?
Blockchain technology is a decentralized digital ledger that records transactions across multiple computers in such a way that the records cannot be altered retroactively without the alteration of all subsequent blocks and the consensus of the network.
How is blockchain technology impacting London's economy?
Blockchain technology is fostering innovation, attracting investments, and creating new job opportunities in London, thereby boosting the city's economic growth and positioning it as a hub for technological advancements.
What are some notable blockchain startups in London?
Notable blockchain startups in London include those focusing on financial transactions, data security, and supply chain management, though specific names are not provided in this context.
What role does blockchain play in different industries?
Blockchain technology is pivotal in various industries such as fintech, healthcare, and real estate, where it enhances transparency, security, and efficiency.
What challenges do blockchain startups face?
Blockchain startups often encounter challenges such as scalability issues, regulatory hurdles, and the need to build trust and understanding among the public.
How is the blockchain community evolving in London?
The blockchain community in London is growing through various events, networking opportunities, and collaborations, fostering a vibrant ecosystem for innovation and development.
The content provided on Asset-Hodler.com is for informational purposes only. It is not intended as financial, investment, legal, or other types of advice, nor should it be construed or relied upon as such. All opinions, analyses, and recommendations expressed on this site are presented in good faith and for general information purposes only. Readers, users, and viewers are strongly encouraged to conduct their own research and consult with a professional advisor before making any investment decisions.
Please be aware that Asset-Hodler.com may contain affiliate links. This means we may earn a commission if you click on a link and make a purchase or sign up for a service, at no additional cost to you. These affiliate partnerships help support the website and allow us to continue bringing you valuable content. Our participation in affiliate programs does not influence our content or opinions presented on the site.
The cryptocurrency and financial markets are highly volatile and investing in them involves risk. Asset-Hodler.com and its authors, owners, and contributors accept no responsibility for any loss or damage resulting from the use of the information contained on this website. By accessing and using Asset-Hodler.com, you acknowledge and agree to these terms.
|
Serendipity Spire
Serendipity Spire | |
Highest point | |
Elevation | 2,857 m (9,373 ft)[1][2] |
Prominence | 747 m (2,451 ft)[3] |
Isolation | 4.02 km (2.50 mi)[3] |
Listing | Mountains of British Columbia |
Coordinates | 51°44′41″N 118°00′55″W / 51.74472°N 118.01528°W[4] |
Naming | |
Etymology | Serendipity |
Geography | |
Country | Canada |
Province | British Columbia |
District | Kootenay Land District[5] |
Parent range | Selkirk Mountains[2] |
Topo map | NTS 82M9 Goldstream River[4] |
Serendipity Spire is a 2,857-metre (9,373-foot) mountain in British Columbia, Canada.
Serendipity Spire is located 88 km (55 mi) northwest of Golden in the Selkirk Mountains.[4][5] Serendipity Spire is surrounded by glaciers, the largest of which is the OK Glacier to the northwest. Precipitation runoff and glacial meltwater from the peak's slopes drains into tributaries of the Columbia River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 1,457 metres (4,780 ft) above Austerity Creek in approximately 2 km (1.2 mi). The peak was so named by American mountaineer William Lowell Putnam III "...because the mountain was inspiring to look at," which was a Putnam malapropism since serendipity is finding something valuable or agreeable, that hadn't been sought.[5] The mountain's toponym was officially adopted on January 23, 1973, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.[4]
Based on the Köppen climate classification, Serendipity Spire is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers.[6] Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. This climate supports several glaciers surrounding the peak.
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
|
Carbonic Anhydrases
Carbonic Anhydrase II
Carbonic Anhydrase I
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Carbonic Anhydrase V
Carbon Dioxide
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Amino Acid Sequence
Molecular Sequence Data
Fruiting Bodies, Fungal
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Models, Molecular
Crystallography, X-Ray
Does gill boundary layer carbonic anhydrase contribute to carbon dioxide excretion: a comparison between dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). (1/1306)
In vivo experiments were conducted on spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in sea water to determine the potential role of externally oriented or gill boundary layer carbonic anhydrase in carbon dioxide excretion. This was accomplished by assessing pH changes in expired water using a stopped-flow apparatus. In dogfish, expired water was in acid-base disequilibrium as indicated by a pronounced acidification (delta pH=-0.11+/-0.01; N=22; mean +/- s.e.m.) during the period of stopped flow; inspired water, however, was in acid-base equilibrium (delta pH=-0.002+/-0.01; N=22). The acid-base disequilibrium in expired water was abolished (delta pH=-0.005+/-0.01; N=6) by the addition of bovine carbonic anhydrase (5 mg l-1) to the external medium. Addition of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide (1 mmol l-1) to the water significantly reduced the magnitude of the pH disequilibrium (from -0.133+/-0.03 to -0.063+/-0.02; N=4). However, after correcting for the increased buffering capacity of the water caused by acetazolamide, the acid-base disequilibrium during stopped flow was unaffected by this treatment (control delta [H+]=99.8+/-22.8 micromol l-1; acetazolamide delta [H+]=81.3+/-21.5 micromol l-1). In rainbow trout, expired water displayed an acid-base disequilibrium (delta pH=0.09+/-0.01; N=6) that also was abolished by the application of external carbonic anhydrase (delta pH=0.02+/-0.01). The origin of the expired water acid-base disequilibrium was investigated further in dogfish. Intravascular injection of acetazolamide (40 mg kg-1) to inhibit internal carbonic anhydrase activity non-specifically and thus CO2 excretion significantly diminished the extent of the expired water disequilibrium pH after 30 min (from -0.123+/-0.01 to -0.065+/-0.01; N=6). Selective inhibition of extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity using a low intravascular dose (1.3 mg kg-1) of the inhibitor benzolamide caused a significant reduction in the acid-base disequilibrium after 5 min (from -0.11+/-0.01 to -0.07+/-0. 01; N=14). These results demonstrate that the expired water acid-base disequilibrium originates, at least in part, from excretory CO2 and that extracellular carbonic anhydrase in dogfish may have a significant role in carbon dioxide excretion. However, externally oriented carbonic anhydrase (if present in dogfish) plays no role in catalysing the hydration of the excretory CO2 in water flowing over the gills and thus is unlikely to facilitate CO2 excretion. (+info)Role of a novel photosystem II-associated carbonic anhydrase in photosynthetic carbon assimilation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (2/1306)
Intracellular carbonic anhydrases (CA) in aquatic photosynthetic organisms are involved in the CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM), which helps to overcome CO2 limitation in the environment. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, this CCM is initiated and maintained by the pH gradient created across the chloroplast thylakoid membranes by photosystem (PS) II-mediated electron transport. We show here that photosynthesis is stimulated by a novel, intracellular alpha-CA bound to the chloroplast thylakoids. It is associated with PSII on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membranes. We demonstrate that PSII in association with this lumenal CA operates to provide an ample flux of CO2 for carboxylation. (+info)Modulation of chloride, potassium and bicarbonate transport by muscarinic receptors in a human adenocarcinoma cell line. (3/1306)
1. Short-circuit current (I(SC)) responses to carbachol (CCh) were investigated in Colony 1 epithelia, a subpopulation of the HCA-7 adenocarcinoma cell line. In Krebs-Henseleit (KH) buffer, CCh responses consisted of three I(SC) components: an unusual rapid decrease (the 10 s spike) followed by an upward spike at 30 s and a slower transient increase (the 2 min peak). This response was not potentiated by forskolin; rather, CCh inhibited cyclic AMP-stimulated I(SC). 2. In HCO3- free buffer, the decrease in forskolin-elevated I(SC) after CCh was reduced, although the interactions between CCh and forskolin remained at best additive rather than synergistic. When Cl- anions were replaced by gluconate, both Ca2+- and cyclic AMP-mediated electrogenic responses were significantly inhibited. 3. Basolateral Ba2+ (1-10 mM) and 293B (10 microM) selectively inhibited forskolin stimulation of I(SC), without altering the effects of CCh. Under Ba2+- or 293B-treated conditions, CCh responses were potentiated by pretreatment with forskolin. 4. Basolateral charybdotoxin (50 nM) significantly increased the size of the 10 s spike of CCh responses in both KH and HCO3- free medium, without affecting the 2 min peak. The enhanced 10 s spike was inhibited by prior addition of 5 mM apical Ba2+. Charybdotoxin did not affect forskolin responses. 5. In epithelial layers prestimulated with forskolin, the muscarinic antagonists atropine and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (4-DAMP, both at 100 nM) abolished subsequent 10 microM CCh responses. Following addition of p-fluoro hexahydro-sila-difenidol (pF-HHSiD, 10 microM) or pirenzepine (1 microM), qualitative changes in the CCh response time-profile also indicated a rightward shift of the agonist concentration-response curve; however, 1 microM gallamine had no effect. These results suggest that a single M3-like receptor subtype mediates the secretory response to CCh. 6. It is concluded that CCh and forskolin activate discrete populations of basolateral K+ channels gated by either Ca2+ or cyclic AMP, but that the Cl- permeability of the apical membrane may limit their combined effects on electrogenic Cl- secretion. In addition, CCh activates a Ba2+-sensitive apical K+ conductance leading to electrogenic K+ transport. Both agents may also modulate HCO3- secretion through a mechanism at least partially dependent on carbonic anhydrase. (+info)Carbonic anhydrase III protects cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis. (4/1306)
Carbonic anhydrase III (CA III; EC 22.214.171.124) is a cytoplasmic enzyme that exhibits a relatively low carbon dioxide hydratase activity. It is expressed at a very high level in skeletal muscle, where physical exercise has been shown to increase free radical production. In this work we show the effect of overexpression of CA III on cellular response to oxidative stress. Rat CA III cDNA was transfected to NIH/3T3 cells, which have no endogenous CA III expression. The isolated clones expressed CA III mRNA and protein. The protein was localized to cytoplasm and nuclei. Compared to parental cells, transfected cells showed lower basal oxidized state as judged by measurement of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) using fluorescent dye and an image analysis system. Addition of exogenous H2O2 to cells induced a rapid increase of ROS in control but not in CA III overexpressing cells. Association of this phenomenon with CA III expression was further confirmed by showing that overexpression of CA II could not prevent H2O2-stimulated increase of ROS. In proliferation assays, CA III overexpressing cells grew faster and were more resistant to cytotoxic concentrations of H2O2 than control cells. After a 16 h exposure to oxidative stress, the number of apoptotic cells was also reduced in transfectants. Our results suggest that CA III functions as an oxyradical scavenger and thus protects cells from oxidative damage. A lower level of free radicals in CA III overexpressing cells may also affect growth signaling pathways. (+info)A novel role for carbonic anhydrase: cytoplasmic pH gradient dissipation in mouse small intestinal enterocytes. (5/1306)
1. The spatial and temporal distribution of intracellular H+ ions in response to activation of a proton-coupled dipeptide transporter localized at the apical pole of mouse small intestinal isolated enterocytes was investigated using intracellular carboxy-SNARF-1 fluorescence in combination with whole-cell microspectrofluorimetry or confocal microscopy. 2. In Hepes-buffered Tyrode solution, application of the dipeptide Phe-Ala (10 mM) to a single enterocyte reduced pHi locally in the apical submembranous space. After a short delay (8 s), a fall of pHi occurred more slowly at the basal pole. 3. In the presence of CO2/HCO3--buffered Tyrode solution, the apical and basal rates of acidification were not significantly different and the time delay was reduced to 1 s or less. 4. Following application of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide (100 microM) in the presence of CO2/HCO3- buffer, addition of Phe-Ala once again produced a localized apical acidification that took 5 s to reach the basal pole. Basal acidification was slower than at the apical pole. 5. We conclude that acid influx due to proton-coupled dipeptide transport can lead to intracellular pH gradients and that intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity, by facilitating cytoplasmic H+ mobility, limits their magnitude and duration. (+info)Characterization of a molten globule state of bovine carbonic anhydrase III: loss of asymmetrical environment of the aromatic residues has a profound effect on both the near- and far-UV CD spectrum. (6/1306)
Bovine muscle carbonic anhydrase (isoenzyme III; BCAIII) exhibited a three-state unfolding process at equilibrium upon denaturation in guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl). The stable folding intermediate appeared to be of molten globule type. The stability towards GuHCl in terms of mid-point concentrations of denaturation were very similar for BCAIII and human CAII (HCAII). It was further demonstrated that the aromatic amino acid residues contributed significantly to the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum in the far-UV wavelength region during the native-->molten globule state transition. Thus, the ellipiticity change at 218 nm was shown to monitor the loss of tertiary interactions of aromatic side chains at the first unfolding transition as well as the rupture of secondary structure at the second unfolding transition. Similar aromatic contributions to the far-UV CD spectrum, but with varying magnitudes, were also noted for BCAII and HCAII, further emphasizing that interference of aromatic residues should not be neglected at wavelengths that normally are assigned to secondary structural changes. (+info)Denatured states of human carbonic anhydrase II: an NMR study of hydrogen/deuterium exchange at tryptophan-indole-H(N) sites. (7/1306)
Hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange measurements in low and moderate concentrations of GuHCI were conducted on the side chain H(N) atoms of the seven tryptophans of pseudo wild-type human carbonic anhydrase II. Tryptophans 5, 16 and 245, situated in or close to the N-terminal domain were found to have little protection against exchange. The H/D exchange results for Trp-123, Trp-192 and Trp-209 showed that a previously identified molten globule and the native state gave a similar protection against exchange. Global unfolding of the protein is necessary for the efficient exchange at Trp-97, which is located in the central part of the beta-sheet. (+info)Detection of intermediates in protein folding of carbonic anhydrase with fluorescence emission and polarization. (8/1306)
The three-dimensional structure of carbonic anhydrase is a result of specific folding of the protein chain to form a compact, globular molecule. Fluorescence measurements on the nature of the rate-limiting steps in folding from the random coil to the native structure show that each step involves an actual folding reaction of the protein chain. Emission intensity and polarization of the intrinsic fluorescence due to tryptophan residues reach a maximum during the early period of the folding process. The changes occur in at least three kinetic phases (tau1 less than 3 S, tau2 = 1 min, tau3 = 10 min, 1 M guanidinium chloride, 2 M NaC1, pH 7, 20 degrees C). None of these phases are explained by configurational changes in the fully unfolded chain. The results are consistent with a kinetic scheme that involves stepwise acquisition of the specific folded structure of the native enzyme. (+info)Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a group of enzymes that catalyze the reversible reaction between carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid, which then quickly dissociates into bicarbonate and a proton. This reaction is crucial for maintaining pH balance and regulating various physiological processes in the body, including respiration, secretion of electrolytes, and bone resorption.
There are several isoforms of carbonic anhydrases found in different tissues and organelles, each with distinct functions and properties. For example, CA I and II are primarily found in red blood cells, while CA III is present in various tissues such as the kidney, lung, and eye. CA IV is a membrane-bound enzyme that plays a role in transporting ions across cell membranes.
Carbonic anhydrases have been targeted for therapeutic interventions in several diseases, including glaucoma, epilepsy, and cancer. Inhibitors of carbonic anhydrases can reduce the production of bicarbonate and lower the pH of tumor cells, which may help to slow down their growth and proliferation. However, these inhibitors can also have side effects such as kidney stones and metabolic acidosis, so they must be used with caution.
Carbonic anhydrase IV (CA-IV), also known as membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase or CA-IX, is a member of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme family. This enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the reversible reaction that converts carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate and a proton.
CA-IV is primarily found in the plasma membrane of polarized epithelial cells, where it plays a crucial role in maintaining acid-base balance and ion transport. It is also involved in various physiological processes, including respiration, bone resorption, and pH regulation.
Abnormalities in CA-IV expression or activity have been implicated in several diseases, such as cancer, kidney stones, and osteoporosis. In particular, overexpression of CA-IV has been observed in various types of cancer, where it contributes to tumor acidification, invasion, and metastasis. Therefore, CA-IV is considered a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II) is a specific isoform of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme, which catalyzes the reversible reaction between carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid. This enzyme plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including pH regulation, electrolyte balance, and biosynthetic reactions.
CA-II is widely distributed in the body, with high concentrations found in erythrocytes (red blood cells), the gastric mucosa, and renal tubules. In erythrocytes, CA-II facilitates the rapid conversion of carbon dioxide generated during cellular respiration to bicarbonate and protons, which can then be transported across the cell membrane for excretion or used in other metabolic processes.
In the gastric mucosa, CA-II helps regulate acid secretion by catalyzing the formation of carbonic acid from water and carbon dioxide, which subsequently dissociates into bicarbonate and a proton. The generated proton can then participate in the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
In renal tubules, CA-II is involved in the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions from the filtrate back into the bloodstream, helping maintain electrolyte balance and pH homeostasis. Additionally, CA-II has been implicated in several pathological conditions, such as neurological disorders, cancer, and osteoporosis, making it a potential therapeutic target for drug development.
Carbonic anhydrase I is a specific type of carbonic anhydrase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction between carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid. This enzyme is primarily found in red blood cells and plays a crucial role in maintaining pH balance and regulating respiration.
Carbonic anhydrase I, also known as CA I or CA-I, is responsible for hydrating carbon dioxide to form bicarbonate ions and protons, which helps maintain the acid-base balance in the body. It has a relatively slower reaction rate compared to other carbonic anhydrase isoforms.
Defects or mutations in the CA I gene can lead to reduced enzymatic activity and may contribute to certain medical conditions, such as distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), a disorder characterized by impaired kidney function and acid-base imbalances. However, other carbonic anhydrase isoforms can compensate for the loss of CA I activity in most cases, so its deficiency rarely causes severe symptoms on its own.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are a class of medications that work by blocking the action of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme that is responsible for converting carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid. This enzyme is found in various tissues throughout the body, including the eyes, kidneys, and nervous system.
By inhibiting the activity of carbonic anhydrase, these medications can reduce the production of bicarbonate ions in the body, which helps to lower the rate of fluid buildup in certain tissues. As a result, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are often used to treat conditions such as glaucoma, epilepsy, and altitude sickness.
In glaucoma, for example, these medications can help to reduce pressure within the eye by promoting the drainage of fluid from the eye. In epilepsy, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can help to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures by reducing the acidity of the blood and brain. And in altitude sickness, these medications can help to alleviate symptoms such as headache, nausea, and shortness of breath by reducing the buildup of fluid in the lungs.
Some common examples of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors include acetazolamide, methazolamide, and dorzolamide. These medications are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and eye drops, and are typically prescribed by a healthcare professional.
I apologize, but there seems to be no medical definition for "Carbonic Anhydrase V." Carbonic anhydrases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to form bicarbonate and protons. There are several isoforms of carbonic anhydrase (CA I-IV, CA VI-VIII, etc.), but as far as current scientific knowledge and literature go, there isn't a recognized or well-established isoform called Carbonic Anhydrase V.
It is possible that you may have encountered a mistake or typographical error in your source material. If you have more context or information about where you found this term, I would be happy to help you further research the topic.
Bicarbonates, also known as sodium bicarbonate or baking soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. In the context of medical definitions, bicarbonates refer to the bicarbonate ion (HCO3-), which is an important buffer in the body that helps maintain normal pH levels in blood and other bodily fluids.
The balance of bicarbonate and carbonic acid in the body helps regulate the acidity or alkalinity of the blood, a condition known as pH balance. Bicarbonates are produced by the body and are also found in some foods and drinking water. They work to neutralize excess acid in the body and help maintain the normal pH range of 7.35 to 7.45.
In medical testing, bicarbonate levels may be measured as part of an electrolyte panel or as a component of arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. Low bicarbonate levels can indicate metabolic acidosis, while high levels can indicate metabolic alkalosis. Both conditions can have serious consequences if not treated promptly and appropriately.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless, odorless gas that is naturally present in the Earth's atmosphere. It is a normal byproduct of cellular respiration in humans, animals, and plants, and is also produced through the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas.
In medical terms, carbon dioxide is often used as a respiratory stimulant and to maintain the pH balance of blood. It is also used during certain medical procedures, such as laparoscopic surgery, to insufflate (inflate) the abdominal cavity and create a working space for the surgeon.
Elevated levels of carbon dioxide in the body can lead to respiratory acidosis, a condition characterized by an increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood and a decrease in pH. This can occur in conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, or other lung diseases that impair breathing and gas exchange. Symptoms of respiratory acidosis may include shortness of breath, confusion, headache, and in severe cases, coma or death.
Hydrogen-ion concentration, also known as pH, is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is defined as the negative logarithm (to the base 10) of the hydrogen ion activity in a solution. The standard unit of measurement is the pH unit. A pH of 7 is neutral, less than 7 is acidic, and greater than 7 is basic.
In medical terms, hydrogen-ion concentration is important for maintaining homeostasis within the body. For example, in the stomach, a high hydrogen-ion concentration (low pH) is necessary for the digestion of food. However, in other parts of the body such as blood, a high hydrogen-ion concentration can be harmful and lead to acidosis. Conversely, a low hydrogen-ion concentration (high pH) in the blood can lead to alkalosis. Both acidosis and alkalosis can have serious consequences on various organ systems if not corrected.
Acetazolamide is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. It works by decreasing the production of bicarbonate in the body, which helps to reduce the amount of fluid in the eye and brain, making it useful for treating conditions such as glaucoma and epilepsy.
In medical terms, acetazolamide can be defined as: "A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used to treat glaucoma, epilepsy, altitude sickness, and other conditions. It works by decreasing the production of bicarbonate in the body, which helps to reduce the amount of fluid in the eye and brain."
Acetazolamide may also be used for other purposes not listed here, so it is important to consult with a healthcare provider for specific medical advice.
Zinc is an essential mineral that is vital for the functioning of over 300 enzymes and involved in various biological processes in the human body, including protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, immune function, wound healing, and cell division. It is a component of many proteins and participates in the maintenance of structural integrity and functionality of proteins. Zinc also plays a crucial role in maintaining the sense of taste and smell.
The recommended daily intake of zinc varies depending on age, sex, and life stage. Good dietary sources of zinc include red meat, poultry, seafood, beans, nuts, dairy products, and fortified cereals. Zinc deficiency can lead to various health problems, including impaired immune function, growth retardation, and developmental delays in children. On the other hand, excessive intake of zinc can also have adverse effects on health, such as nausea, vomiting, and impaired immune function.
Isoenzymes, also known as isoforms, are multiple forms of an enzyme that catalyze the same chemical reaction but differ in their amino acid sequence, structure, and/or kinetic properties. They are encoded by different genes or alternative splicing of the same gene. Isoenzymes can be found in various tissues and organs, and they play a crucial role in biological processes such as metabolism, detoxification, and cell signaling. Measurement of isoenzyme levels in body fluids (such as blood) can provide valuable diagnostic information for certain medical conditions, including tissue damage, inflammation, and various diseases.
An amino acid sequence is the specific order of amino acids in a protein or peptide molecule, formed by the linking of the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of another amino acid through a peptide bond. The sequence is determined by the genetic code and is unique to each type of protein or peptide. It plays a crucial role in determining the three-dimensional structure and function of proteins.
Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.
Sordariales is an order of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes, which are characterized by their perithecial ascomata (sexual fruiting bodies) with cylindrical to allantoid (sausage-shaped) asci (ascus = sac-like structure containing ascospores). The order includes both saprobic and pathogenic species. Some notable members of Sordariales are:
1. Neurospora crassa - A model organism used in genetics, molecular biology, and biochemistry research. It is a filamentous ascomycete fungus with a worldwide distribution and is commonly found on decaying plant material.
2. Sordaria fimicola - Another model organism for genetic studies, particularly in the field of meiosis and genetics of sexual reproduction.
3. Chaetomium globosum - A saprobic fungus that can be isolated from various substrates such as soil, dung, and decaying plant material. It is also known to cause opportunistic infections in humans.
4. Xylaria hypoxylon - A wood-decay fungus commonly found on dead or dying trees and branches. Some species are capable of causing rot in living plants.
5. Graphostroma platystomum - A pathogenic fungus that causes canker diseases in various tree species, such as oak, beech, and chestnut.
The order Sordariales is primarily defined by its unique ascus morphology and the presence of certain molecular markers, such as specific genes related to the sexual reproduction process.
A fruiting body, in the context of mycology (the study of fungi), refers to the part of a fungus that produces spores for sexual or asexual reproduction. These structures are often what we typically think of as mushrooms or toadstools, although not all fungal fruiting bodies resemble these familiar forms.
Fungal fruiting bodies can vary greatly in size, shape, and color, depending on the species of fungus. They may be aboveground, like the caps and stalks of mushrooms, or underground, like the tiny, thread-like structures known as "corals" in some species.
The primary function of a fruiting body is to produce and disperse spores, which can give rise to new individuals when they germinate under favorable conditions. The development of a fruiting body is often triggered by environmental factors such as moisture, temperature, and nutrient availability.
Sulfonamides are a group of synthetic antibacterial drugs that contain the sulfonamide group (SO2NH2) in their chemical structure. They are bacteriostatic agents, meaning they inhibit bacterial growth rather than killing them outright. Sulfonamides work by preventing the bacteria from synthesizing folic acid, which is essential for their survival.
The first sulfonamide drug was introduced in the 1930s and since then, many different sulfonamides have been developed with varying chemical structures and pharmacological properties. They are used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and ear infections.
Some common sulfonamide drugs include sulfisoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (a combination of a sulfonamide and another antibiotic called trimethoprim). While sulfonamides are generally safe and effective when used as directed, they can cause side effects such as rash, nausea, and allergic reactions. It is important to follow the prescribing physician's instructions carefully and to report any unusual symptoms or side effects promptly.
Sequence homology, amino acid, refers to the similarity in the order of amino acids in a protein or a portion of a protein between two or more species. This similarity can be used to infer evolutionary relationships and functional similarities between proteins. The higher the degree of sequence homology, the more likely it is that the proteins are related and have similar functions. Sequence homology can be determined through various methods such as pairwise alignment or multiple sequence alignment, which compare the sequences and calculate a score based on the number and type of matching amino acids.
Molecular models are three-dimensional representations of molecular structures that are used in the field of molecular biology and chemistry to visualize and understand the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds within a molecule. These models can be physical or computer-generated and allow researchers to study the shape, size, and behavior of molecules, which is crucial for understanding their function and interactions with other molecules.
Physical molecular models are often made up of balls (representing atoms) connected by rods or sticks (representing bonds). These models can be constructed manually using materials such as plastic or wooden balls and rods, or they can be created using 3D printing technology.
Computer-generated molecular models, on the other hand, are created using specialized software that allows researchers to visualize and manipulate molecular structures in three dimensions. These models can be used to simulate molecular interactions, predict molecular behavior, and design new drugs or chemicals with specific properties. Overall, molecular models play a critical role in advancing our understanding of molecular structures and their functions.
X-ray crystallography is a technique used in structural biology to determine the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice. In this method, a beam of X-rays is directed at a crystal and diffracts, or spreads out, into a pattern of spots called reflections. The intensity and angle of each reflection are measured and used to create an electron density map, which reveals the position and type of atoms in the crystal. This information can be used to determine the molecular structure of a compound, including its shape, size, and chemical bonds. X-ray crystallography is a powerful tool for understanding the structure and function of biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids.
In the context of medicine and pharmacology, "kinetics" refers to the study of how a drug moves throughout the body, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (often abbreviated as ADME). This field is called "pharmacokinetics."
1. Absorption: This is the process of a drug moving from its site of administration into the bloodstream. Factors such as the route of administration (e.g., oral, intravenous, etc.), formulation, and individual physiological differences can affect absorption.
2. Distribution: Once a drug is in the bloodstream, it gets distributed throughout the body to various tissues and organs. This process is influenced by factors like blood flow, protein binding, and lipid solubility of the drug.
3. Metabolism: Drugs are often chemically modified in the body, typically in the liver, through processes known as metabolism. These changes can lead to the formation of active or inactive metabolites, which may then be further distributed, excreted, or undergo additional metabolic transformations.
4. Excretion: This is the process by which drugs and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, primarily through the kidneys (urine) and the liver (bile).
Understanding the kinetics of a drug is crucial for determining its optimal dosing regimen, potential interactions with other medications or foods, and any necessary adjustments for special populations like pediatric or geriatric patients, or those with impaired renal or hepatic function.
Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.
Carbonic anhydrase
Carbonic anhydrase 4
Carbonic anhydrase 13
Carbonic anhydrase VI
Carbonic anhydrase II
Carbonic anhydrase 12
Carbonic anhydrase 9
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Carbonic anhydrase 14
Carbonic anhydrase 7
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial
Carbonic anhydrase III, muscle specific
John Tileston Edsall
Bicarbonate buffer system
Hilda Cid
Angela Casini
William S. Sly
Caminibacter hydrogeniphilus
Carbon disulfide hydrolase
Carbonyl sulfide hydrolase
Zinc deficiency (plant disorder)
Sponge spicule
Carbonic acid
Carbonic anhydrase - Wikipedia
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) Medication: Antiglaucoma, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, Loop diuretics,...
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Comparison of aliphatic sulfamate/bis-sulfamate adducts with isozymes II and IX as a platform...
Identification of specific carbonic anhydrase inhibitors via in situ click chemistry, phage-display and synthetic peptide...
AID 1309029 - Potency index, ratio of acetazolamide Ki to compound Ki for Malassezia globosa beta carbonic anhydrase - PubChem
CA10, carbonic anhydrase X - Creative BioMart
Anti-CA2 / Carbonic Anhydrase II Antibody | Guinea pig anti-Rabbit | LSBio
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in glaucoma - GPnotebook
Carbon dioxide capture using Escherichia coli expressing carbonic anhydrase in a foam bioreactor.
Reactome | Expression of Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CA9)
Synthesis and evaluation of N-heteroarylsubstituted triazolosulfonamides as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors | AVESİS
Carbonic Anhydrase II Library - Discovery outsourcing
carbonic anhydrase 4 | Carbonic anhydrases | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
CA5A carbonic anhydrase 5A - NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) - NCBI
Review of the Diagnostic Evaluation of Normal Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis | Kidney Diseases | Karger Publishers
Carbonic anhydrase IX is a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma multiforme | AVESİS
Human CA6(Carbonic Anhydrase VI) ELISA Kit - Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits
Metabolic Acidosis Medication: Alkalinizing Agents, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, Antidiabetic Agents, Detoxification Agents
Design and Synthesis of Pyrazole Carboxamide Derivatives as Selective Cholinesterase and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors:…
Effect of acute carbonic anhydrase inhibition (CA) on muscle metabolism during heavy constant load exercise
The anticonvulsant sulfamide JNJ-26990990 and its S, S-dioxide analog strongly inhibit carbonic anhydrases: solution and X-ray...
Tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase 9 spatially coordinates intracellular pH in three-dimensional multicellular growths. -...
Primary Duodenal Adenocarcinoma Expressing Carbonic Anhydrase IX. | Case Rep Gastroenterol;16(2): 308-312, 2022. | MEDLINE
Frontiers | Isolation, Development, and Genomic Analysis of Bacillus megaterium SR7 for Growth and Metabolite Production Under...
Carbonic anhydrase IX is a pH-stat that sets an acidic tumour extracellular pH in vivo. - Oxford Neuroscience
MedlinePlus: Genes: C
JCM | Free Full-Text | Genetic and Epigenetic Etiology Underlying Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase are used to treat glaucoma, the excessive build-up of water in the eyes. (wikipedia.org)
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (eg, acetazolamide) and loop diuretics (eg, furosemide) are thought to exert their effect on ICP by reducing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production at the choroid plexus. (medscape.com)
- Two approaches were used to design inhibitors of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 220.127.116.11): the tail and the ring approaches. (nih.gov)
- Herein, we compare three such selection strategies with the aim of identifying potent and selective inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase II. (rsc.org)
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors used in the management of open angle glaucoma include dorzolamide (a topical agent) and acetazolamide (oral and intravenous preparation). (gpnotebook.com)
- Oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are generally used only in acute management of raised intraocular pressure but, occasionally, can be used chronically as a last resort. (gpnotebook.com)
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are additive to other drugs e.g. dorzolamide only needs to be taken twice daily when used in combination with a beta-blocker (1). (gpnotebook.com)
- 2019) Synthesis and Evaluation of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors with Carbon Monoxide Releasing Properties for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- 2015) New natural product carbonic anhydrase inhibitors incorporating phenol moieties. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- 2005) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of the transmembrane isozyme XIV with sulfonamides. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- 2006) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: clash with Ala65 as a means for designing inhibitors with low affinity for the ubiquitous isozyme II, exemplified by the crystal structure of the topiramate sulfamide analogue. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- Comment: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) and salicylates inhibit each other's renal tubular secretion, resulting in increased plasma levels. (medscape.com)
Alpha carbonic anhydrase2
- Class one being alpha carbonic anhydrase which is found in mammals, class two being beta carbonic anhydrase which is found in bacteria and plants and lastly, class three which is gamma carbonic anhydrase which is found in methanogen bacteria in hot springs. (wikipedia.org)
- The protein encoded by this gene is an acatalytic member of the alpha-carbonic anhydrase subgroup, and it is thought to play a role in the central nervous system, especially in brain development. (creativebiomart.net)
- Acetazolamide inhibits carbonic anhydrases I, IV and XIV, but has 10-fold lower affinity for XIV.Bbr>Methazolamide inhibits carbonic anhydrases I, IV and XIV with similar affinity. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the carbonic anhydrase family of zinc metalloenzymes, which catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in various biological processes. (creativebiomart.net)
- The gene encoding carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) is transcribed to yield mRNA and the mRNA is translated to yield protein. (reactome.org)
- BACKGROUND: Tumour carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a hypoxia-inducible tumour-associated cell surface enzyme, is thought to acidify the tumour microenvironment by hydrating CO2 to form protons and bicarbonate, but there is no definitive evidence for this in solid tumours in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
- The carbonic anhydrases (or carbonate dehydratases) (EC 18.104.22.168) form a family of enzymes that catalyze the interconversion between carbon dioxide and water and the dissociated ions of carbonic acid (i.e. bicarbonate and hydrogen ions). (wikipedia.org)
- Relating the Bohr effect to carbonic anhydrase is simple: carbonic anhydrase speeds up the reaction of carbon dioxide reacting with water to produce hydrogen ions (protons) and bicarbonate ions. (wikipedia.org)
- These agents act on carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme II in the ciliary body and result in a reduction in aqueous production by decreasing bicarbonate secretion into the posterior chamber by ciliary epithelial cells. (gpnotebook.com)
- The present study reports CO2 capture and conversion to bicarbonate using Escherichia coli expressing carbonic anhydrase (CA) on its cell surface in a novel foam bioreactor. (duke.edu)
- Understanding Carbonic Anhydrase II - Carbonic anhydrase II is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons. (discoveryoutsource.com)
- Carbonic anhydrase IX is a pH-stat that sets an acidic tumour extracellular pH in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
- Mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency resulting from CA5A alterations presents with hyperammonemia in early childhood. (nih.gov)
- The active site of most carbonic anhydrases contains a zinc ion. (wikipedia.org)
- Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. (nih.gov)
- Therefore, carbonic anhydrase helps with the H+ secretion into the lumen of the kidney renal tubule and the reabsorption of HCO3- in the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
- Expression of carbonic anhydrase V in pancreatic beta cells suggests role for mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase in insulin secretion. (nih.gov)
- Carbonic anhydrase IX is a prognostic bi. (erdogan.edu.tr)
Enzyme found2
- Carbonic anhydrase is a very ancient enzyme found in both domains of prokaryotes that exists in six different classes among most of the living organisms. (wikipedia.org)
- Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme found in many tissues. (medscape.com)
- A new series of N-heteroarylsubstituted triazolosulfonamide compounds were synthesized and their inhibitory effects on the activity of purified human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and II were evaluated. (yildiz.edu.tr)
- Cell-specific expression of mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase in the human and rat gastrointestinal tract. (nih.gov)
- Human mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase: cDNA cloning, expression, subcellular localization, and mapping to chromosome 16. (nih.gov)
- Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX), a hypoxia marker, correlates with tumor progression in a variety of human cancers. (erdogan.edu.tr)
- Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Carbonic Anhydrase VI (CA6) in samples from serum, plasma, saliva or other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)
- Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Carbonic Anhydrase VI (CA6) in serum, plasma, saliva and other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)
- Primary duodenal adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy whose carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) expression remains poorly understood. (bvsalud.org)
- JNJ-26990990 ((benzo[b]thien-3-yl)methyl)sulfamide, a sulfamide derivative structurally related to the antiepileptic drug zonisamide, was reported to be devoid of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 220.127.116.11) inhibitory properties. (cnr.it)
- Carbonic anhydrase is critical to hemoglobin function via the Bohr effect which catalyzes the hydration of carbon dioxide to form carbonic acid and rapidly dissociate into water. (wikipedia.org)
- The main role of carbonic anhydrase in humans is to catalyze the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid and back again. (wikipedia.org)
- It catalyzes a reversible reaction whereby carbon dioxide becomes hydrated and carbonic acid becomes dehydrated. (medscape.com)
- Scholars@Duke publication: Carbon dioxide capture using Escherichia coli expressing carbonic anhydrase in a foam bioreactor. (duke.edu)
- CA9 is a membrane-tethered, carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme, expressed mainly at the external surface of cells, that catalyzes reversible CO(2) hydration. (ox.ac.uk)
- Carbonic anhydrase is one important enzyme that is found in red blood cells, gastric mucosa, pancreatic cells, and even renal tubules. (wikipedia.org)
- Carbonic anhydrase helps maintain acid-base homeostasis, regulate pH, and fluid balance. (wikipedia.org)
- For example, carbonic anhydrase produces acid in the stomach lining. (wikipedia.org)
- To describe equilibrium in the carbonic anhydrase reaction, Le Chatelier's principle is used. (wikipedia.org)
- Carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) is a vital enzyme that plays a critical role in various biological processes. (discoveryoutsource.com)
- Drug Discovery and Development - The Carbonic Anhydrase II Library plays a significant role in drug discovery and development. (discoveryoutsource.com)
- The summary of product characteristics should be consulted before prescribing a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. (gpnotebook.com)
- Chlorthalidone is an approved drug inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase activity. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- Carbonic anhydrase was initially found in the red blood cells of cows in 1933 and was simultaneously discovered by Rougton in Cambridge and Meldrum in Philadelphia who were searching for a catalytic factor. (wikipedia.org)
- The Carbonic Anhydrase II Library - The Carbonic Anhydrase II Library is a comprehensive collection of structural and chemical data related to CA II. (discoveryoutsource.com)
|
Panoramic X-rays (also known as Panorex® or orthopantomograms) are wraparound photographs of the face and teeth. They offer a view that would otherwise be invisible to the naked eye. X-rays in general, expose hidden structures, such as wisdom teeth, reveal preliminary signs of cavities, and also show fractures and bone loss.
Panoramic X-rays are extraoral and simple to perform. Usually, dental X-rays involve the film being placed inside the mouth, but panoramic film is hidden inside a mechanism that rotates around the outside of the head.
Unlike bitewing X-rays that need to be taken every few years, panoramic X-rays are generally only taken on an as-needed basis. A panoramic X-ray is not conducted to give a detailed view of each tooth, but rather to provide a better view of the sinus areas, nasal areas and mandibular nerve. Panoramic X-rays are preferable to bitewing X-rays when a patient is in extreme pain, and when a sinus problem is suspected to have caused dental problems.
Panoramic X-rays are extremely versatile in dentistry, and are used to:
How are panoramic X-rays taken?
The panoramic X-ray provides the dentist with an ear-to-ear two-dimensional view of both the upper and lower jaw. The most common uses for panoramic X-rays are to reveal the positioning of wisdom teeth and to check whether dental implants will affect the mandibular nerve (the nerve extending toward the lower lip).
The Panorex equipment consists of a rotating arm that holds the X-ray generator, and a moving film attachment that holds the pictures. The head is positioned between these two devices. The X-ray generator moves around the head taking pictures as orthogonally as possible. The positioning of the head and body is what determines how sharp, clear and useful the X-rays will be to the dentist. The pictures are magnified by as much as 30% to ensure that even the minutest detail will be noted.
Panoramic X-rays are an important diagnostic tool and are also valuable for planning future treatment. They are safer than other types of X-rays because less radiation enters the body.
If you have questions or concerns about panoramic X-rays, please contact our practice.
My wife's boss suggested Dr. Navey and we are glad that she did. He is a great dentist and explains everything very well. His dental hygienist is extremely personable and makes sure that you are comfortable through the entire procedure. If you are looking for a dentist who actually takes the time to get to know you and your family I highly suggest you go to Dr. Navey. If you are looking for a place to treat you like a number, go somewhere else.
Paul Matheney
He is a great dentist and explains everything very well.
Site Developed by Prosites.com
|
Maximizing productivity refers to optimizing one's daily workflow and tasks in order to accomplish more in less time and with less effort. This involves setting clear goals, prioritizing tasks, eliminating distractions, and maximizing efficiency in order to achieve greater output.
Lifestyle design, on the other hand, involves intentionally designing and creating a lifestyle that aligns with one's values, goals, and desired way of living. It prioritizes personal fulfillment, happiness, and well-being. Lifestyle design encompasses various aspects such as work-life balance, time management, financial freedom, health and wellness, personal development, and fulfillment in relationships.
Maximizing productivity and lifestyle design often go hand in hand because enhancing productivity allows individuals to accomplish their goals more efficiently, leaving more time and energy for activities and experiences that contribute to a well-designed and fulfilling lifestyle.
Why Maximizing Productivity and Lifestyle Design is so important?
Maximizing productivity and lifestyle design are important for several reasons:
1. Efficiency: Maximizing productivity allows individuals to complete tasks and achieve goals more efficiently. It allows one to accomplish more in less time, enabling them to focus on other important aspects of their life. By eliminating time-wasting activities, they can make the most of their resources.
2. Time management: Maximizing productivity helps individuals effectively prioritize and manage their time. It ensures that they allocate sufficient time for work, personal life, relationships, leisure, and self-care. By optimizing their schedule, they can strike a desired balance between various aspects of life.
3. Goal achievement: Maximizing productivity enables individuals to set and achieve their goals more effectively. By efficiently utilizing time and resources, they can accomplish their tasks and work towards their objectives. This allows them to progress in their personal and professional life and achieve a sense of fulfillment.
4. Improved well-being: Lifestyle design focuses on creating a life that aligns with an individual's values, interests, and priorities. By designing a lifestyle that suits their needs, individuals can experience improved well-being and satisfaction. This may include factors like flexibility, work-life balance, pursuing passions, and maintaining healthy habits.
5. Reduced stress: By maximizing productivity and carefully designing their lifestyle, individuals can minimize stress levels. Effective time management and a balanced lifestyle can reduce the feeling of being overwhelmed or constantly rushed. This can contribute to better mental health and overall well-being.
6. Increased creativity and personal development: Maximizing productivity allows individuals to create more time and space for personal growth, learning, and creativity. By efficiently managing their tasks and responsibilities, individuals can engage in activities that enrich their lives, such as pursuing hobbies, developing new skills, or exploring new ideas. This can lead to personal development and a greater sense of fulfillment.
In summary, maximizing productivity and lifestyle design are important because they enable individuals to make the most of their time, achieve their goals, enhance well-being, reduce stress, and promote personal growth.
Mastering the Art of Maximizing Productivity and Lifestyle Design: A Comprehensive Guide
Maximizing productivity and lifestyle design are two essential factors in leading a successful and fulfilling life. Here is a concise guide to help you achieve both within 300 words.
1. Set Clear Goals: Start by defining your goals and prioritize them based on importance. Use the SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) framework to formulate clear and actionable goals.
2. Establish a Routine: Create a daily routine that aligns with your goals. Dedicate specific time blocks for tasks and activities, ensuring you allocate time for work, leisure, and self-care. Stick to this routine consistently to build momentum and improve productivity.
3. Focus on the Essential: Identify the most critical tasks that move you closer to your goals. Eliminate distractions and avoid multitasking. Instead, utilize techniques like time-blocking or the Pomodoro Technique to enhance focus and complete tasks efficiently.
4. Optimize Energy Levels: Pay attention to your energy levels throughout the day and plan your activities accordingly. Engage in high-energy tasks during your peak times while saving low-energy tasks for downtime. Prioritize self-care activities like exercise, proper nutrition, and adequate sleep to maintain optimal energy levels.
5. Delegate and Outsource: Learn to delegate tasks that don't directly contribute to your goals. Outsourcing repetitive or time-consuming activities can free up your time to focus on what truly matters. Consider hiring professionals or utilizing technology and automation tools to streamline processes.
6. Embrace Work-Life Integration: Instead of seeking work-life balance, strive for work-life integration. Integrate your personal and professional life to create a harmonious and fulfilling lifestyle. Set boundaries, practice mindfulness, and allocate time for hobbies, family, and personal growth.
7. Continuously Learn and Improve: Cultivate a growth mindset by continuously learning and acquiring new skills. Stay updated with industry trends and consistently seek personal and professional development opportunities. Regularly evaluate your progress towards your goals and make necessary adjustments.
8. Practice Effective Communication: Enhance your communication skills to minimize misunderstandings and maximize productivity. Clearly articulate your expectations, ask for help when needed, and provide constructive feedback. Utilize efficient communication tools and techniques to streamline collaboration.
Maximizing productivity and lifestyle design is an ongoing journey that requires dedication and adaptability. Stay committed to implementing these practices consistently, and you will witness improvements in your productivity and overall satisfaction.
How The 4 Hour Workweek Talks about Maximizing Productivity and Lifestyle Design?
The 4 Hour Workweek" by Timothy Ferriss discusses strategies and techniques to maximize productivity and design a lifestyle that allows for more freedom and flexibility. Ferriss proposes that traditional models of work and retirement are outdated and suggests alternative approaches to achieving financial independence and a more fulfilling life.
1. Outsourcing and automation: Ferriss introduces the concept of outsourcing tasks and automating processes to free up time and focus on high-value activities. He emphasizes the importance of leveraging the power of virtual assistants and technology to delegate repetitive or low-impact tasks.
2. Eliminating unnecessary work: By adopting a mindset of minimalism, Ferriss recommends eliminating unnecessary work and focusing only on what truly matters. He encourages readers to question conventional norms and challenge the notion of constant busyness. Instead, he suggests focusing on tasks that have the greatest impact and deliver the desired results.
3. Goal-setting and prioritization: Ferriss emphasizes the importance of setting clear goals and aligning daily actions with those goals. He introduces concepts such as the "Pareto Principle" or the "80/20 rule," which suggests that 80% of the results come from 20% of the effort. By identifying the most critical tasks and focusing on them, individuals can increase their productivity and achieve better results.
4. Lifestyle design: A significant aspect of the book revolves around designing a lifestyle that prioritizes personal freedom and fulfillment. Ferriss encourages readers to redefine their concept of retirement and focus on creating a lifestyle that allows for more leisure, travel, and exploration. He advocates for the concept of "mini-retirements" – taking extended breaks throughout one's working life to pursue personal passions and interests.
5. Time management strategies: Ferriss introduces various strategies to manage and prioritize time effectively. He suggests techniques such as batch processing, setting strict boundaries on communication and interruptions, and using productivity tools to streamline workflow and eliminate distractions. He also emphasizes the importance of achieving a healthy work-life balance.
Overall, "The 4-Hour Workweek" provides unconventional strategies and mindsets to maximize productivity and design a lifestyle that allows individuals to escape the traditional 9-5 grind and instead focus on what truly matters to them.
Examples of The 4 Hour Workweek about Maximizing Productivity and Lifestyle Design
1. Time batching: In the book, Tim Ferriss suggests batching similar tasks together to maximize productivity. By dedicating blocks of time to specific activities, such as checking emails or making phone calls, individuals can avoid constant interruptions and increase their efficiency.
2. Outsourcing and automation: Ferriss emphasizes the importance of delegating tasks that can be handled by others to free up time for more important activities. By hiring virtual assistants or utilizing other forms of automation technology, individuals can focus on high-value tasks while minimizing the time spent on mundane activities.
3. Remote work and flexible schedules: The book encourages individuals to design their lifestyle to allow for location independence and flexible work schedules. By leveraging technology, individuals can work from anywhere in the world, or choose their preferred working hours, resulting in a better work-life balance.
4. Mini-retirements and extended travel: Ferriss suggests taking regular breaks from work, which he calls "mini-retirements." Instead of waiting until retirement age to enjoy life, he suggests incorporating extended travel or sabbaticals at various stages of one's career to pursue personal interests and recharge.
5. Using the Pareto Principle: Ferriss advises readers to focus on the 20% of activities that generate 80% of the desired outcomes. By identifying and prioritizing the most valuable tasks, individuals can avoid wasting time on less meaningful activities and achieve better results with less effort.
6. Eliminating unnecessary tasks and commitments: The book encourages individuals to evaluate their daily routines and eliminate activities that don't contribute to their goals or overall happiness. By trimming down non-essential tasks and commitments, individuals can create more time and energy for activities they truly enjoy.
7. Digital nomad lifestyle: The 4-Hour Workweek explores the concept of living a location-independent lifestyle and leveraging technology to work remotely. By embracing this lifestyle, individuals can have the freedom to work from different cities or even countries, while still maintaining productivity and profitability.
8. Leveraging passive income streams: Ferriss emphasizes the importance of creating passive income streams to reduce reliance on traditional, time-consuming work. By generating income that continues to flow in with minimal ongoing effort, individuals can gain more flexibility and freedom in their lifestyles.
These are just a few examples from The 4-Hour Workweek that focus on maximizing productivity and designing a lifestyle that aligns with personal goals and aspirations.
Books Related to The 4 Hour Workweek
1. Essentialism: The Disciplined Pursuit of Less" by Greg McKeown
2. The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses" by Eric Ries
3. Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World" by Cal Newport
4. "The $100 Startup: Reinvent the Way You Make a Living, Do What You Love, and Create a New Future" by Chris Guillebeau
5. The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business" by Charles Duhigg
|
Are you wondering what Form 1095-B: Health Coverage is and why it's necessary? The 1095-B is an important form for individuals who received health insurance coverage over the past calendar year.
It summarizes those benefits, including important details such as the policy coverage dates, type of plan, and any additional covered family members.
This information is critical if you need to file your taxes or have a question about your existing coverage.
A Brief Overview of Form 1095-B and What It Is Used For
Form 1095-B is an information form issued by employers or providers of self-funded health insurance plans which provide coverage for 12 months. It provides details about the type and length of your health coverage and includes additional information such as any covered family members or policyholder's name.
This form is important because it lets the IRS know whether you and your family had health insurance coverage for the entire year. If you did, you are eligible for certain tax benefits, such as deductions and credits. Qualifying for these advantages could be easier and easier with this form.
Understanding Form 1095-B may be confusing and overwhelming. That's why we want to make it easier for you by providing the necessary information in this post so that you understand your obligations and can successfully fulfill them.
What Types of Health Coverage Qualify for Reporting on Form 1095-B
Form 1095-B is used to report certain types of health coverage. This includes
- Coverage through a government-sponsored program, such as Medicare or Medicaid
- Coverage provided by an employer (also known as group health coverage)
- Individual market plans are purchased either on or off the Marketplace.
- Certain types of other coverage, such as health care sharing ministry.
It's important to note that Form 1095-B doesn't include any information about your medical expenses or the cost of your coverage. It details the type and duration of coverage you received during the year.
Who is Required to File a Form 1095-B: Health Coverage
Form 1095-B: Health Coverage is required by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for individuals who received health insurance coverage the previous year.
This includes employer-sponsored plans and individual plans purchased through state or federal exchanges. All insurers that offer such plans are legally obligated to provide customers with a Form 1095-B.
It's important to note that not everyone is required to file this form. Those who qualify must:
- Have health insurance coverage for any part of the year, even if it is only one day
- Have health insurance through an employer or purchased through a state or federal exchange
- Have a policy that provides minimum essential coverage.
In addition, those receiving health insurance through the Medicare or Medicaid programs are not required to submit Form 1095-B. The same applies to employers with at most 50 full-time employees without providing such coverage under the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
How to Obtain Your Form 1095-B
The first step to obtaining your Form 1095-B is to contact your health insurance provider and ask for a copy of the Form 1095-B. Most providers must send this document out by March 2nd, although some may provide it sooner. Ask for an electronic or physical copy - many companies now offer digital delivery options to expedite the process.
Contact your provider for an additional copy if you still need to receive your 1095-B form. The contact information is typically printed on the back of the insurance card or available through their website. You may also request assistance from a local IRS office or tax professional.
Generally speaking, the IRS suggests that if you are still waiting to receive the form by early March, contact your health insurance provider as soon as possible.
Once you have obtained a copy of your 1095-B Form, it is important to review all of the information carefully. Ensure that the details on the form match what you know to be true and that any listed family members are accurate. If you notice any incorrect information, contact your health insurance provider immediately to rectify the issue.
Following these steps will help ensure a smoother tax filing process and provide peace of mind knowing that your health coverage information is correct.
Common Mistakes Made When Filing Form 1095-B
Common mistakes made when filing Form 1095-B include:
- Check only some forms for accuracy: Before submitting your form, ensure all its information is accurate and up-to-date. This includes names, Social Security numbers, coverage dates, and other important information.
- Not providing complete information: Your Form 1095-B should include all the people covered under your health plan for the year you received coverage. The IRS won't accept the form if family members' information is missing.
- Failing to include all insurance companies: Ensure you include information from all insurers in your Form 1095-B. This includes any company providing Medicare, Medicaid, and private health insurance coverage plans.
- Need to identify the correct plan type: The form requires you to list the health coverage you received during the year. Ensure you correctly identify the plan types, including whether it was an employer-sponsored plan or a non-employer-sponsored one.
- Not filing on time: The IRS has set deadlines for when Form 1095-B needs to be filed to avoid penalties. Failing to meet these deadlines could result in fines or other penalties.
By avoiding these common mistakes when filing your Form 1095-B, you can ensure that the information is accurate and up-to-date.
Steps to Take if You Receive an Incorrect or Incomplete Form 1095-B
The 1095-B form is important for taxes and insurance purposes, so the information must be correct. If you receive a form with incorrect or incomplete information, contact your health insurance provider immediately to determine how to fix the issue. This could include providing additional documentation or records of coverage that may have needed to be included on the form.
Your provider should be able to provide you with an updated form or additional documentation that confirms your coverage and policy details. When filing your taxes, you must submit this information to ensure you are up-to-date on all your obligations.
If you're still unsure how to proceed, consider consulting a tax professional to help understand your situation and filing requirements.
What happens if I still need to receive Form 1095-B?
If you did not receive Form 1095-B, that is ok. You are still required to report your health insurance coverage when filing taxes, but you can use other records, such as paystubs or W2 forms, to help meet the requirements.
Where can I get more information about Form 1095-B?
You can contact your health insurance provider for more information on Form 1095-B. They can provide additional information and answer questions about the form or your coverage.
What are the penalties for not filing Form 1095-B?
The IRS may impose penalties for not filing Form 1095-B. Generally, if you do not file the form or provide incorrect information on your return, you may be subject to a penalty of $50 per failure up to an annual maximum of $260,000. It's important to note that this penalty only applies if you fail to file the form without reasonable cause.
Form 1095-B can seem daunting, but breaking it down into smaller components will simplify the filing process. Qualifying citizens, employers, insurers, and other health providers must provide proof of coverage on Form 1095-B. Ensure you receive your correct and complete form to file and report accurately. Lastly, if you are still waiting to receive your form, which needs to be completed or corrected, take the appropriate steps to remedy the situation.
|
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
Business Process Improvement, or BPI, is an organized method employed by companies to enhance the efficiency of their operational procedures. It involves identifying existing processes, analyzing them to pinpoint inefficiencies or bottlenecks, and then redesigning these processes to eliminate these issues. BPI is defined as a management practice used to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of business processes by discovering, mapping, documenting, analyzing, and redesigning processes.
The importance of BPI for organizational efficiency and effectiveness cannot be overstated. BPI targets and eliminates bottlenecks, which are obstacles that hinder the smooth flow of operations, resulting in an overall enhancement of process efficiency. By optimizing resource utilization, BPI maximizes output while minimizing waste, contributing to a more efficient and cost-effective operation. In fact, 57% of companies that implemented process improvement strategies observed improved employee performance. BPI promotes enhanced communication, teamwork, and alignment across departments. By mapping and analyzing processes, organizations can identify areas for improvement in cross-functional workflows, leading to improved teamwork and smoother operations.
The origin of BPI can be traced back to methodologies developed by engineers at companies like Motorola, and it has evolved over time with the introduction of various methodologies such as Lean and Six Sigma. The concept of Agile Management, which derives from managing software development projects, also contributes to the evolution of BPI.
In this article, we will delve deeper into the concept of BPI, its methodologies, and its application in real-world scenarios. We will discuss the cost of inefficient processes, how to identify processes in need of improvement, and various BPI methodologies. We will also provide examples of successful BPI projects and discuss the role of no-code automation software in BPI. Finally, we will provide a glossary of key BPI terms. Let's embark on this journey to understand and implement Business Process Improvement.
II. Understanding Business Process Improvement
Business Process Improvement (BPI) is a systematic approach that organizations use to identify, analyze, and improve their operational processes. It involves pinpointing existing processes, analyzing them to identify inefficiencies or bottlenecks, and then redesigning these processes to eliminate these issues. The ultimate goal of BPI is to ensure a highly perceived value delivery to the end customer.
The objectives and goals of BPI are to define goals, workflow, control, and integration with other processes. BPI is focused on enhancing its digital capabilities to deliver a secure, user-friendly digital experience across platforms, adhering to banking standards, policies, and global best practices.
Implementing BPI in organizations brings numerous benefits. It encourages smoother operations, more efficient workflows, happier teams, customers, and partners, as well as overall business growth. BPI is a continuous exercise that helps supercharge business operations. The incremental improvement of business processes has positive business and personal outcomes, all leading to better operations and better living. Some of the key benefits of implementing BPI include cost reduction, increased quality, enhanced customer satisfaction, and improved employee satisfaction. By embracing BPI, organizations can benefit from enhanced operational efficiency, cost reduction, and increased agility and resilience. These advantages enable organizations to seize opportunities for growth and remain competitive in the market.
III. The Cost of Inefficient Processes
Inefficient processes can have a significant impact on businesses. They can complicate processes, hamper operations, and ultimately lead to a loss in revenue. Market research conducted by IDC suggests that companies experience a loss of 20% to 30% in revenue annually due to inefficiencies. Inefficient processes can slow down production, decrease morale, lower profits, and decrease client satisfaction. They can also lead to a waste of money that isn't returning benefits.
Quantifying the cost of inefficiency is a complex task as it involves considering both direct and indirect costs. Direct costs refer to the monetary losses incurred due to inefficient processes, while indirect costs refer to the opportunity costs associated with wasted time and resources. One common method of quantifying inefficiency is by calculating the time wasted per employee and multiplying that by the employee's hourly earnings. Another method is the measured mile analysis, which compares the productivity of work during periods of disruption with the productivity during periods of normal operations.
The importance of addressing process inefficiencies cannot be overstated. By tackling inefficiencies, organizations can reduce the occurrence of conflicts and foster internal alignment, better equipping them to adapt to change. It opens the doors of opportunities for growth and improvement and promotes change management within the organization. By identifying and addressing inefficiencies, organizations can optimize their operations, increase profitability, and enhance competitiveness. Therefore, it's crucial for businesses to continuously evaluate and streamline their processes to eliminate any roadblocks that may hinder growth and success.
IV. Identifying Processes in Need of Improvement
Identifying processes in need of improvement is a crucial step in the journey towards business process improvement. It involves a systematic approach, assessment of current workflows and performance metrics, and the use of specific tools and methodologies.
A systematic approach to identifying processes for improvement involves a continuous cycle of evaluation and improvement geared towards achieving the best possible outcomes. This strategy prioritizes enhancing effectiveness, efficiency, and customer satisfaction. It involves studying, understanding, and evaluating the sequence of tasks, activities, and interactions that make up a specific business process or operation within an organization.
The steps to assess current workflows, performance metrics, and stakeholder feedback involve first defining the scope and objectives of the analysis, followed by gathering relevant data and information about the current workflows in the organization. Performance metrics are then analyzed to measure the effectiveness of performance management strategies. Stakeholder feedback is collected to ensure that the project, organization, or processes are aligned with the needs or expectations of your stakeholders.
There are several tools and methodologies for identifying process improvement opportunities. These include Six Sigma, a process improvement methodology that aims to minimize the amount of variations within the end product. Other methodologies include Lean manufacturing, Total Quality Management (TQM), Just-in-time, Theory of Constraints, Kaizen, PDCA model, Process mapping, Kanban, People, process, technology framework, 5S method, SIPOC analysis, and Value stream mapping (VSM). These methodologies offer various ways to analyze, visualize, and assess workflows, pinpointing inefficiencies and areas for enhancement.
By identifying processes in need of improvement, organizations can optimize their operations, increase profitability, and enhance competitiveness. Therefore, it's essential for businesses to consistently assess and streamline their processes, removing any obstacles that could impede growth and success.
Related: A Comprehensive Guide to Process Improvement Methodologies
V. Business Process Improvement Methodologies
Six Sigma
Overview of Six Sigma methodology
Six Sigma is a collection of methods and tools used for business process improvement and quality management. It was introduced by engineer Bill Smith at Motorola in 1986. The primary objective of Six Sigma is to improve the efficiency of business processes by discovering, mapping, documenting, analyzing, and redesigning processes. The term "Six Sigma" is derived from the bell curve used in statistics, where sigma represents the standard deviation from the mean. A process operating at Six Sigma will achieve an exceptionally low defect rate.
DMAIC framework and its application in process improvement
The DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) framework is a key component of the Six Sigma methodology. DMAIC is a data-focused quality management system used to improve processes. The five phases of the DMAIC process are:
- Define: Define the problem, improvement activity, opportunity for improvement, the project goals, and customer (internal and external) requirements.
- Measure: Measure the initial performance of the process, creating a benchmark.
- Analyze: Analyze the process to determine root causes of variation, poor performance (defects).
- Improve: Improve process performance by identifying and eliminating root causes.
- Control: Maintain control over the improved process and future performance.
Enrol in the Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt Certification Course.
Use cases and strengths of Six Sigma
Six Sigma has been successfully applied across a wide range of industries and sectors to improve operational efficiency and quality. Some of the key strengths of Six Sigma include:
- Enhanced Quality: Six Sigma focuses on quality improvement by systematically identifying and addressing defects, errors, and process variations.
- Process Optimization: Six Sigma emphasizes process optimization by identifying and eliminating waste and inefficiencies.
- Data-Driven Decision Making: Six Sigma relies heavily on data analysis to drive decision-making, ensuring that decisions are based on proper facts and data rather than opinions or gut feelings.
- Increased Customer Satisfaction: Six Sigma plays a crucial role in enhancing customer satisfaction by improving the quality of products and services.
Related: 10 Six Sigma Tools: A comprehensive overview of their application in Root Cause Analysis
Introduction to Lean methodology
Lean methodology is a set of business principles that prioritize continuous improvement, eliminating waste, and respect for people. It was developed by Toyota Founder Kiichiro Toyoda after World War II to conserve resources and eliminate waste. The core idea of Lean is quite simple: relentlessly work on eliminating waste from the manufacturing process. What is waste?
It may manifest in various ways, but the core concept is to remove anything that doesn't contribute value from your customer's viewpoint.
Principles of Lean and its focus on waste reduction
The principles of Lean methodology are based on two pillars: Continuous improvement and respect for people. Continuous improvement involves an ongoing feedback loop that helps teams make progressive changes to processes, products, and personnel to improve systems continuously. Respect involves recognizing the value of team contributions and customer feedback, and taking those insights and ideas seriously.
Lean prioritizes eliminating waste to deliver maximum value to customers while optimizing resource usage. It identifies eight types of waste, including overproduction, waiting time, and unnecessary transportation, among others. By tackling these inefficiencies, Lean aims to streamline processes and foster a more adaptable and agile organization.
Enrol in the Lean Management Certification Course.
Application of Lean in Optimizing Processes
Applying Lean principles to improve processes involves a systematic approach. Here are four steps to integrate it within a company:
- Identify potential areas for improvement: Assemble your team and conduct a thorough evaluation of your existing processes.
- Identify potential solutions: Once you pinpoint improvement areas, involve the team in finding potential solutions.
- Implement improvements: Implementing change can be challenging. Ensure you have a plan in place to manage the transition smoothly.
- Monitor outcomes: Implementing solutions is not the end of the process. Continually monitor the outcomes and adjust as necessary.
By applying Lean methodology, businesses can eliminate waste, improve processes, and boost innovation, leading to a more productive, healthier, and more innovative future.
Total Quality Management (TQM)
Understanding TQM and its principles
Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction. It involves all members of an organization participating in improving processes, products, services, and the culture in which they work. In summary, TQM is a management system that prioritizes customers and engages all employees in ongoing improvement, integrating quality practices into the organization's culture and activities through strategy, data, and communication.
The eight principles of TQM are:
- Customer Focus: The customer ultimately determines the level of quality. Regardless of the actions an organization takes to improve quality—such as training employees, integrating quality into design, or upgrading technology—the customer ultimately decides if the efforts are worthwhile.
- Total Employee Involvement: All employees participate in working toward common goals. Total employee commitment can only be obtained after fear has been driven from the workplace, when empowerment has occurred, and when management has provided the proper environment.
- Process-Centered: TQM emphasizes thinking in terms of processes. A process involves steps that take inputs from suppliers (external or internal) and turn them into outputs for customers (external or internal).
- Integrated System: TQM focuses on the horizontal processes, connecting different functional areas within an organization, rather than individual departments.
- Strategic and Systematic Approach: TQM involves a strategic and systematic approach to realizing an organization's vision, mission, and goals.
- Continual Improvement: TQM is not a one-time process, but a continuous one. It involves a commitment to continuously improve the quality of products and processes.
- Fact-Based Decision Making: In order to know how well an organization is performing, data on performance measures are necessary. TQM needs organizations to always gather and study data for better decisions, agreement, and predicting trends based on past experiences.
- Communications: Effective communication is crucial for keeping morale high and motivating employees at all levels, both during organizational changes and in everyday operations.
Company-wide approach to quality improvement
TQM emphasizes a whole-company approach across functions and departments. Senior leadership leads TQM through goal setting, training, and effective communication. A fundamental part of TQM is assessing and redefining processes, monitoring performance, and using the results to drive further improvements. Improvement ideas should consider the entire process, not just individual tasks. Each area should take responsibility for the overall quality of the final product or service.
Enrol in the Total Quality Management (TQM) Certification Course.
Use cases and benefits of TQM in process enhancement
TQM boosts profits by improving quality and tackling related challenges in an organization. TQM can be used to increase productivity, lower scrap and rework costs, improve product reliability, decrease time-to-market cycles, decrease customer service problems, and increase competitive advantage. By consistently discovering insights on process gaps and challenges, TQM helps create new value and innovation, enabling companies to maintain high standards of quality, productivity, and safety at reasonable costs.
Theory of Constraints (TOC)
Overview of TOC methodology
The Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a management concept that suggests complex systems, like production or business operations, are held back from reaching their goals by a few key constraints. Introduced by Dr. Eliyaho M. Goldratt in 1984 in his book "The Goal," TOC has become a fundamental tool in operations management and strategic planning.
Its core idea is identifying constraints or bottlenecks in a process that hinder overall performance, which could be anything preventing the process from achieving its goal. The goal in terms of business is usually to make a profit but this could vary depending on the organization and its overall objectives. The goal of TOC is to systematically manage these constraints and improve process performance.
Five Focusing Steps and their application in process optimization
The theory of constraints is applied using a series of steps that are known as the five focusing steps. These steps are designed to find and manage bottlenecks or constraints efficiently:
- Identify the Constraint: The first step involves identifying the most significant limiting factor (the bottleneck) in the system.
- Exploit the Constraint: Once the constraint is identified, the next step is to exploit it. This involves finding ways to maximize the use of limited resources without needing a lot of extra spending.
- Subordinate Everything Else: This step involves aligning the entire system to support the exploited constraint.
- Elevate the Constraint: If the constraint cannot be broken, decisions must be made to elevate the performance of the constraint.
- Repeat the Process: If in the previous steps a constraint has been broken, go back to step 1. Don't let things stay the same and create a new problem.
Enrol in the Theory of Constraints Certification Course.
Use cases and strengths of TOC in identifying and eliminating bottlenecks
TOC has been used in a wide range of industries and domains from manufacturing to software development to project management to healthcare. TOC's Five Focusing Steps offer a clear way to find and handle bottlenecks, whether they're inside or outside the organization. Implementing TOC entails a continuous cycle of identifying constraints, exploiting them to their fullest, aligning the entire system to support these constraints, and, if necessary, elevating their performance. This approach leads to substantial gains in efficiency and profitability, applicable across diverse organizational structures and industries.
VI. How to Improve a Process
Improving a process involves a systematic approach that includes initiating and implementing process improvements, setting clear objectives and goals, analyzing, prioritizing, and planning process improvements, and the continuous refinement of process improvements.
Steps for initiating and implementing process improvements
Initiating and implementing process improvements involve a series of steps:
- Identify the Improvement Opportunity: The first step is to identify the specific process or workflow to be improved.
- Obtain Stakeholder Buy-In: It's crucial to get the support of all stakeholders involved in the process.
- Design the Process Improvement Plan: This involves creating a detailed plan outlining the changes to be made.
- Test the Changes: Implement the changes on a small scale to test their effectiveness.
- Monitor and Optimize: Regularly monitor and track process performance, gather feedback, and sustain improvements.
Related: What are the 5 key elements of process improvement?
Importance of setting clear objectives and goals
Setting clear objectives and goals is critical to the success of any process improvement initiative. Clear, realistic, and achievable goals enable employees to perform better and accurately evaluate results. Goals also help align your focus and promote a sense of self-mastery. Simply put, if you don't measure something, you can't manage it, and if you don't manage it, you can't improve it.
Enrol in the Process Improvement Certification Course.
Strategies for analyzing, prioritizing, and planning process improvements
Analyzing, prioritizing, and planning process improvements involve several strategies:
- Analyze Current Processes: This involves examining the current processes and workflows to identify areas of improvement.
- Prioritize Improvements: Not all improvements can be implemented at once. Prioritizing helps determine which improvements will have the most significant impact.
- Plan for Implementation: This involves creating a detailed plan for implementing the improvements.
Related: 10 Pioneering Process improvement tools to optimize business performance
Implementation, monitoring, and continuous refinement of process improvements
The implementation of process improvements is just the beginning. It's crucial to monitor the impact of these improvements on performance metrics. Regular assessments, feedback from stakeholders, and adjustments to the plan are necessary to ensure sustained success in optimizing processes and capitalizing on identified opportunities for enhancement. This is the essence of continuous improvement – it's an ongoing cycle of planning, implementing changes, evaluating results, and adjusting the approach based on feedback.
Related: 11 ideas for process improvement: Examples & tips
VII. Examples of Business Process Improvement Projects
Streamlining Inventory Management: Inventory management is a crucial aspect of any business, especially in the manufacturing and retail sectors. Streamlining inventory management means improving how a company orders, stores, and uses its inventory, which includes raw materials, parts, and finished products. This can be achieved by implementing automated systems for tracking inventory levels, sales data, and procurement information. Effective inventory management can lead to reduced holding costs, improved cash flow, and increased profitability.
A company implemented a BPI project to streamline its inventory management process. The project involved optimizing the process of ordering, storing, and using the company's inventory. As a result, the company reduced its shipment process time by 35%, increased shipment accuracy by 25%, and reduced finished goods inventory on hand by 10%.
Readers Note: Sharing specific company names and details may require permissions or could potentially infringe on privacy or confidentiality agreements. Therefore, it's common practice to share examples in a way that illustrates the concept without disclosing specific company details.
- Automating Invoice Processing: Automating invoice processing can significantly improve efficiency and accuracy in the finance department. It involves using software to capture, extract, and validate key data from invoices, and then delivering the data to the company's information systems for straight-through processing of invoices. This not only reduces manual effort but also minimizes errors and accelerates the invoice processing workflow.
A company automated its invoice processing to improve efficiency and accuracy. The company used software to capture, extract, and validate key data from invoices, then delivered the data to the company's information systems for straight-through processing. This not only reduced manual effort but also minimized errors and accelerated the invoice processing workflow.
- Enhancing Customer Service with Chatbots: AI-powered chatbots are transforming customer service by providing instant, personalized responses to customer queries. They can handle a wide range of tasks, from answering frequently asked questions to guiding users through complex processes. This not only makes customers more satisfied but also lets customer service workers focus on more difficult issues.
A company enhanced its customer service by implementing AI-powered chatbots. The chatbots provided instant, personalized responses to customer queries, handling a wide range of tasks from answering frequently asked questions to guiding users through complex processes. This improved customer satisfaction and freed up human customer service representatives to handle more complex issues.
- Optimizing Employee Onboarding: A well-structured onboarding process can significantly improve new employee productivity and retention. This involves providing new hires with all the necessary information, tools, and training they need to become productive members of the team. It can also include mentorship programs and continuous feedback mechanisms to ensure new employees are well-supported throughout their initial period in the company.
A company optimized its employee onboarding process to improve new employee productivity and retention. The company provided new hires with all the necessary information, tools, and training they needed to become productive members of the team. It also included mentorship programs and continuous feedback mechanisms to ensure new employees were well-supported throughout their initial period in the company.
- Implementing Remote Work Policies: With the rise of remote work, implementing effective remote work policies has become crucial for businesses. This involves setting clear expectations, providing the necessary tools and support for remote work, and establishing communication and accountability mechanisms. A well-implemented remote work policy can lead to increased productivity, improved work-life balance, and reduced overhead costs.
With the rise of remote work, a company implemented effective remote work policies. The company set clear expectations, provided the necessary tools and support for remote work, and established communication and accountability mechanisms. As a result, the company saw increased productivity, improved work-life balance, and reduced overhead costs.
- Streamlining Project Management: Streamlining project management involves optimizing the processes involved in planning, executing, and controlling projects. This can be achieved through the use of project management software, implementation of standardized project management methodologies, and continuous improvement initiatives.
A company streamlined its project management process. The company implemented standardized project management methodologies and continuous improvement initiatives. This led to improved project outcomes and increased efficiency.
- Improving Supplier Relationship Management: Effective supplier relationship management involves building strong, mutually beneficial relationships with suppliers. This can be achieved through regular communication, collaborative problem-solving, and strategic alignment. Improved supplier relationships can lead to better pricing, improved product quality, and more reliable delivery schedules.
A company improved its supplier relationship management process. The company built strong, mutually beneficial relationships with suppliers through regular communication, collaborative problem-solving, and strategic alignment. This led to better pricing, improved product quality, and more reliable delivery schedules.
- Enhancing Data Security: Data security involves protecting digital information from unauthorized access, corruption, or theft. This can be achieved through a combination of technical measures (such as encryption and access controls), administrative policies, and employee training. Enhancing data security can protect a company from financial loss, reputational damage, and legal penalties.
A company enhanced its data security process. The company implemented technical measures such as encryption and access controls, administrative policies, and employee training. This protected the company from financial loss, reputational damage, and legal penalties.
- Reducing Production Waste: Reducing production waste involves optimizing manufacturing processes to minimize the amount of waste produced. This can be achieved through the implementation of lean manufacturing techniques, efficient resource management, and continuous improvement initiatives. Reducing waste can lead to cost savings, improved efficiency, and reduced environmental impact.
A company reduced its production waste. The company optimized its manufacturing processes to minimize the amount of waste produced. This led to cost savings, improved efficiency, and reduced environmental impact.
- Enhancing Employee Training and Development: Employee training and development programs are essential for improving the skills and knowledge of the workforce. This can be achieved through a combination of on-the-job training, seminars, mentorship programs, and e-learning. Enhancing employee training and development can lead to improved performance, increased job satisfaction, and higher retention rates.
A company enhanced its employee training and development programs. The company implemented a combination of on-the-job training, seminars, mentorship programs, and e-learning. This led to improved performance, increased job satisfaction, and higher retention rates.
Each of these examples illustrates the successful implementation of business process improvement projects. The key takeaways from these examples include the importance of clear communication, strategic planning, continuous improvement, and the effective use of technology. By learning from these examples, businesses can identify opportunities for improvement in their own processes and implement effective solutions to enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and improve overall performance.
Thank you for reading all the way down here. As a thank you, we would love you to explore our range of available FREE tools and templates for business improvement and project management. Don't tell anyone🤫 It's our little secret😉
VIII. Process Improvement with No-Code Automation Software
Overview of no-code automation software and its role in BPI
No-code automation software refers to the platforms that allow businesses to automate tasks that are manual or repetitive, leading to efficiency and cost savings. It optimizes workflows with intuitive, user-friendly interfaces for those with no previous coding knowledge or experience. No-code automation tools are important for managing business processes and workflows. Many businesses use these tools to solve problems caused by redoing tasks, mistakes, and slow manual workflows.
Advantages of using no-code platforms for process improvement
No-code platforms offer numerous benefits that are hard for businesses to overlook. Some of the key advantages include:
- Speed of Deployment: One of the biggest advantages is the ability to quickly build and deploy applications. This significantly reduces the time-to-market for new applications.
- Cost Savings: No-code platforms can help businesses cut down or even avoid the expenses of hiring or outsourcing software development.
- Democratization of Application Development: Employees without technical backgrounds can create applications, fostering a culture of innovation.
- Flexibility and Scalability: As business requirements change, applications built on no-code platforms can be easily adapted without starting from scratch.
- Reduced IT Backlog: IT departments often have long backlogs of projects. No-code platforms let business teams make their own solutions, reducing dependence on IT and cutting down the backlog.
- Prototyping and MVPs: Before investing in full-fledged development, businesses can use no-code tools to create prototypes or minimum-viable products for testing and validation.
- Empowerment of Citizen Developers: By enabling non-technical staff to develop solutions, businesses can tap into a broader pool of talent and ideas.
- Standardized and Secure Environment: Many no-code platforms come with security features to make sure applications meet safety standards.
- Integrations: Modern no-code platforms often come with a wide range of pre-built integrations, allowing businesses to seamlessly connect different software solutions.
- Easy Maintenance: Traditional software might require updates and patches, often necessitating developer involvement. No-code solutions typically come with easier maintenance paths.
- Cost Predictability: In traditional development, unforeseen problems can make costs go up. No-code platforms generally offer more predictable pricing.
- Collaboration: No-code platforms encourage teamwork across departments, allowing both tech-savvy and non-tech teams to participate in development.
- Custom Solutions: While off-the-shelf software might not cater to the unique needs of every business, no-code platforms can be tailored to fit specific business requirements.
Case studies or examples of organizations leveraging no-code automation for BPI
Here are some examples of organizations leveraging no-code automation for BPI:
- Aon Italy: Aon Italy used IBM's no-code platform to ease the workloads of the company's 1,600 employees.
- Cobmax Sales Center: Cobmax Sales Center in Brazil used IBM's no-code platform to reduce client reports completion time from 2-3 days to 1 day.
- Credigy Solutions Inc.: Credigy Solutions Inc. in the United States used IBM's no-code platform to automate due diligence reviews of loan-related documents.
- Deloitte: Deloitte used IBM's no-code platform to reduce management report preparation time from 5-8 days to 1 hour and travel expense report preparation time from 3 hours a day to 10 minutes.
- GAM Distributors of Medicines and Perfumery: GAM Distributors of Medicines and Perfumery in Brazil used IBM's no-code platform to automate 22 processes within a year, saving around BRL 120,000 per year.
- Inter Aduaneira: Inter Aduaneira in Brazil used IBM's no-code platform to save 800 hours per analyst and improve response times by 80% in some sectors of the company.
- Lojacorr Network: Lojacorr Network in Brazil used IBM's no-code platform to increase process execution efficiency by 80%.
- System of Credit Unions of Brazil: System of Credit Unions of Brazil used IBM's no-code platform to save up to 80% time and achieve 10%-20% cost savings.
These examples illustrate how no-code automation can be leveraged to improve business processes, enhance efficiency, and drive innovation.
Related: 10 Best No-Code Platforms for Process Automation
IX. Conclusion
In this article, we've explored the concept of Business Process Improvement (BPI) and its importance in enhancing organizational efficiency and effectiveness. We've delved into the cost of inefficient processes and the significance of identifying processes in need of improvement. We've also examined various BPI methodologies, including Six Sigma, Lean, Total Quality Management (TQM), and the Theory of Constraints (TOC).
We've discussed the steps for initiating and implementing process improvements, the importance of setting clear objectives and goals, and strategies for analyzing, prioritizing, and planning process improvements. We've also looked at the implementation, monitoring, and continuous refinement of process improvements.
We've provided examples of BPI projects and discussed the role of no-code automation software in BPI. Each of these sections has offered insights into the different aspects of BPI, providing a comprehensive guide for anyone interested in this field.
The importance of continuous improvement and adaptability in BPI cannot be overstated. In an ever-changing business environment, the ability to adapt and improve is crucial for long-term success. BPI provides the tools and methodologies to make this possible, enabling organizations to optimize their processes, reduce costs, and enhance overall performance.
Finally, we encourage businesses to embrace BPI initiatives for long-term success. Whether you're looking to streamline your inventory management, automate invoice processing, enhance customer service, or any other process, BPI offers a systematic and effective approach to achieving these goals.
Remember, the journey of improvement is ongoing and requires a commitment to learning and adapting. But with the right mindset and tools, businesses can transform their processes, improve efficiency, and achieve greater success. So, why wait? Start your BPI journey today!
XI. Glossary
Here are some definitions of key terms and concepts related to Business Process Improvement (BPI):
- Business Process Improvement (BPI): A systematic approach that organizations use to identify, analyze, and improve their operational processes.
- Six Sigma: A collection of methods and tools used for business process improvement and quality management.
- Lean: A set of business principles that prioritize continuous improvement, eliminating waste, and respect for people.
- Total Quality Management (TQM): A management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction.
- Theory of Constraints (TOC): A management philosophy that suggests that a complex system, such as production processes or business operations, is limited in achieving its goals by a small number of constraints.
- DMAIC: A data-focused quality management system used to improve processes. The five phases of the DMAIC process are: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control.
- No-Code Automation Software: Software platforms that empower businesses to automate manual or repetitive work for efficiency and cost savings.
- Inventory Management: The process of ordering, storing, and using a company's inventory: raw materials, components, and finished products.
- Invoice Processing: The process that a company uses to pay its bills from receipt of an invoice to payment.
- Customer Service: The support a company gives to its customers who use or purchase its products or services.
- Employee Onboarding: The process of integrating a new employee into a company and its culture, as well as getting them up to speed on their new job.
- Remote Work Policies: Guidelines that companies follow to ensure that its employees who work from home are productive and can communicate effectively.
- Project Management: The process of starting, organizing, implementing, monitoring, and completing a team's work to reach certain objectives and fulfil specific success standards within a set timeframe.
- Supplier Relationship Management: The strategic approach to planning and managing all dealings with third-party entities that provide goods or services to a company, with the aim of getting the most value from these interactions.
- Data Security: The process of protecting digital information from unauthorized access, corruption, or theft.
- Production Waste: Any materials or substances that are not useful or wanted and that have been thrown away.
- Employee Training and Development: The ongoing process of providing staff with the knowledge and skills they need to do their jobs effectively.
|
The Role of Bankroll Management
Sports betting can be an exciting and potentially profitable venture for those who are knowledgeable about the teams and players involved. However, it is important to approach sports betting with caution and discipline. One of the key factors that can make or break a bettor's success is bankroll management.
Bankroll management refers to the practice of setting aside a specific amount of money, known as the bankroll, to be used for sports betting. This bankroll acts as a cushion, protecting bettors from losing more money than they can afford. Interested in further exploring the topic discussed in this article? Access this interesting research, filled with additional and valuable information to supplement your reading.
Setting a Realistic Bankroll
The first step in effective bankroll management is setting a realistic bankroll. It is crucial to only use disposable income for sports betting and never to gamble with money that is needed for essential expenses. Allocating a portion of discretionary income to the bankroll ensures that it is a sum that is affordable to lose without causing financial strain.
When deciding on a bankroll, it is important to consider one's betting goals and frequency. If a bettor plans to make small, casual bets, a smaller bankroll may suffice. However, if a bettor is looking to make larger bets or be more active in their betting, a larger bankroll is advisable.
Whatever the case may be, it is crucial to never exceed the allocated bankroll. This discipline protects bettors from significant financial losses and allows them to continue enjoying sports betting responsibly.
The Rule of Stakes
Once a bankroll has been established, the next step is determining the appropriate amount to bet on each individual wager. This is where the rule of stakes comes into play.
The rule of stakes suggests that a bettor should never wager more than a small percentage of their bankroll on a single bet. This percentage can vary, but many experts recommend keeping bets under 5% of the total bankroll.
For example, if a bettor has a bankroll of $1000, they should aim to keep their bets under $50. This approach spreads the risk across multiple bets and minimizes the potential for significant losses.
Managing Losing Streaks
Even the most successful bettors experience losing streaks from time to time. The key to successful bankroll management is being prepared for these inevitable downswings.
It is essential to have a plan in place for managing losing streaks. One approach is to decrease the size of bets during losing streaks to protect the bankroll. This conservative strategy allows for a longer betting lifespan and increases the chances of bouncing back from a losing streak.
Another approach is to take a break from betting altogether. Stepping away for a short period can help reset the mind and prevent emotional decision-making, which often leads to making impulsive and irrational bets.
Tracking and Analyzing Results
To truly excel in sports betting, it is important to track and analyze betting results. Keeping a record of wins, losses, and the amount wagered on each bet allows bettors to evaluate their performance and make informed decisions moving forward.
By analyzing previous bets, bettors can identify strengths and weaknesses in their strategies. It may become apparent that certain types of bets consistently yield better results, while others should be avoided. This information can be used to refine betting strategies and increase profitability over time.
Additionally, tracking results helps bettors stay accountable to their bankroll. It provides a clear overview of how the bankroll is affected by betting decisions and can serve as a reminder to stick to the predetermined bankroll and stake limits.
The Bottom Line
Bankroll management is a fundamental aspect of sports betting that should not be overlooked. By setting a realistic bankroll, adhering to the rule of stakes, managing losing streaks, and tracking results, bettors can increase their chances of long-term success. To gain a fuller comprehension of the topic, explore this external site we've picked for you. https://sporeport.net, explore new perspectives and additional information on the topic.
Remember, responsible sports betting is a marathon, not a sprint. With proper bankroll management, bettors can enjoy the thrill of the game while protecting their financial well-being at the same time.
Discover other points of view and complementary information on this topic through the related posts we've gathered for you:
|
Brake Juddering Causes: What is it?
Table of Contents
Brake Juddering Causes
Brake Juddering Causes
Foot pedal vibrations lead to the brake juddering experience
So, one of the first signs of Brake Juddering Causes. Firstly, you can feel a vibration coming through your foot pedal. Secondly, when you press the clutch pedal,. So, brake and stop your car. Some of our customers say that it was a long drawn-out process. Eventually, though, the brake began to get worse. Including the vibrations starting to come through the steering wheel.
Unfortunately, some of our customers think
that the vibration is a wheel balancing problem! We also have to check out the problem with a correct diagnosis. However, a braking problem will usually come through the brake pedal. So then this is a sure sign of a brake problem.
Unfortunately, one of the main causes of brake jerks comes from elderly drivers. Significantly, they always cover the brake pedal with their right foot. This applies to manual gear changes or automatic; they are what I call "ride the brake" Some drivers also do this with the clutch, but that's a different article to cover.
What happens if you ride the brake? Well, one of the problems is that you are applying extra pressure to the brake pads that are constantly in contact with the brake discs (brake rotors in the USA). These in turn heat the discs, and the discs then warp and go out of shape.
Brake juddering is a bigger problem in hilly areas
In my opinion, though, driver fault is not the main reason for warped brake discs. I think that the main cause is the terrain. We here in Halifax are in a hilly area, and we get a high occurrence of warped brake discs and brake juddering faults from our customers.
In areas where there are very steep inclines, drivers are more likely to keep their foot on the brakes. Some of the hills in the Hebden Bridge area are like alpine passes with 180-degree bends to contend with. When you come down these roads, you have to keep the car in low gear and be prepared for a vehicle coming up the hill without braking all the time.
This constant braking is what overheats the discs and causes them to warp and vibrate, giving your brake pedal. Some garages have a machine that will skim the brakes and stop the vibrating, but I think that once they have overheating, they do not work to their full potential, and a new set of pads and discs is the best option.
Improved brake technology-
Over the years, car manufacturers have brought in new technology to balance out the disc overheating problem and try to eliminate the brake jerks. Including different metals that can stand more heat and also the disc parts
that now come out with holes drilled in the metal at calculated intervals for heat dispersal. This can work very well; you can see brake discs actually glowing red hot on some motorsport cars when they have to brake very often at high speed; some can be seen to be glowing white hot in the dark.
This has the same effect as a regular car driven by a regular driver. So, try to avoid heavy braking, especially at high speed. Keep your distance, and try not to brake heavily. When you are driving down a steep hill, use a low gear and use the car's engine as a brake. Try not to press the brake pedal constantly.
Have your brakes inspected at regular intervals
when the car is serviced. Of course, the garage will pick up any worn discs or pads. Importantly, we can even spot a disc that has been overheated in the past. Because the disc has a blue-colored sheen on it. Remember, like many other things to do with a car, prevention is better than cure.
Pellon Tyre and Auto-centre offer car and van servicing and Car Brake Repairs to all makes of vehicles.
- Your winter safety tyres-Making sure your ready for your winter tyres – KSHB-Eric Roberts
- Purchasing An EV Or A Fuel-Powered Car – Which Is Best For You?
- Financial support for independent garages
- What causes Brake Discs to Wear out
- Potholes Damage Tyres-every mile on Calderdale Roads – Halifax Evening Courier
|
5 Golden Rules for a Smooth Car Trip with Kids
Are you planning on heading out on a road trip with the kids? It's all fun and games until someone gets cranky or restless in the backseat. But fear not! We have seven straightforward tips to make your car journeys smoother and more enjoyable for everyone involved.
So, let's dive in and discover how to make your next family road trip a breeze!
Use a Booster Seat
Booster seats are the way to go to ensure your child is comfortable and well-positioned during car rides. These seats are designed to boost your child so that they can see out the window and enjoy the ride just like you.
Now, picking the perfect booster seat is critical. You'll want one that fits your child's age, weight, and height so they can sit comfortably.
Follow the instructions carefully when setting up booster seats — taking the time to get it right means your child will have a cosy spot for all your family adventures on the road.
Wear All Parts of the Seatbelt
Parents, remember to properly buckle your child's seat belts when getting ready for a car ride. Ensure it covers both their lap and shoulder snugly. Some cars have seat belts that click together as one, while others have separate lap and shoulder belts — regardless, fasten every part of the belt securely.
It's crucial to remind your kids not to tuck the belt under their arm, even if it seems more comfortable. Keeping the belt positioned correctly helps keep it in place during unexpected stops or bumps.
Never Share Seatbelts
Each passenger needs to have their own space. While it might seem convenient for siblings to share a seatbelt, there are better choices than this one.
Sharing seatbelts could lead to discomfort and even increase the risk of injury if something unexpected happens on the road. Plus, when two people share one seatbelt, it might not provide enough protection for either.
So, before heading out on your next adventure, ensure each child has their seatbelt securely fastened.
Play it Cool
Kids can quickly get restless or rowdy during car rides, and their excitement can sometimes distract the driver. That's why it's essential to encourage them to engage in quiet activities or games that won't disrupt the driver's concentration.
Bringing along a few essentials, like books, toys, or electronic devices, can work wonders in keeping children entertained and calm during long journeys. It's like having a magic bag of tricks to pull out whenever boredom strikes.
Encourage your kids to use their imagination and creativity to develop fun games or activities to pass the time. Whether playing I, Spy, singing along to their favourite songs, or even enjoying the scenery outside, there are plenty of ways to make car rides more enjoyable.
Be Careful Getting Out of the Car
When it's time to hop out of the car and continue your day, it's essential to do so cautiously. Exiting the car might seem routine, but it's essential to take a moment and be mindful, just like when walking down a busy street.
First, remind your child to wait until the car has completely stopped before opening the door. Next, please encourage them to check for any vehicles or obstacles before leaving the car. They need to be aware of their surroundings and ensure no obstructions in their path.
When it's time to exit, remind them to do so slowly and carefully, especially if there's a curb or uneven ground. Taking their time ensures they can step out without any trips or stumbles.
Lastly, always stick together and hold hands when walking away from the car, especially in busy parking lots or crowded areas.
Are you ready to embark on your next family road trip with confidence? Implement these tips and share them with other parents to spread awareness about responsible car travel with kids. Let's make every journey a memorable and fun adventure for our children.
|
To understand more about the Yin surname would be to learn more about the folks who probably share common origins and ancestors. That is among the factors why it's normal that the Yin surname is more represented in a single or maybe more nations associated with world than in other people. Here you can find out in which nations of the entire world there are more people who have the surname Yin.
Globalization has meant that surnames spread far beyond their nation of origin, so that it can be done to find African surnames in Europe or Indian surnames in Oceania. Equivalent happens in the case of Yin, which as you can corroborate, it can be said that it is a surname which can be found in the majority of the nations of the world. In the same way you can find countries in which truly the thickness of men and women with the surname Yin is higher than in other countries.
The chance of examining on a globe map about which nations hold a greater number of Yin on the planet, assists us a whole lot. By putting ourselves on the map, for a concrete country, we are able to understand concrete number of individuals with the surname Yin, to have in this way the particular information of all the Yin that one can presently get in that nation. All this also helps us to know not only in which the surname Yin comes from, but also in what way the individuals who're initially area of the family members that bears the surname Yin have moved and relocated. In the same way, you are able to see by which places they have settled and developed, and that's why if Yin is our surname, it appears interesting to which other nations regarding the globe it will be possible this one of our ancestors once relocated to.
If you consider it very carefully, at apellidos.de we present everything required to be able to have the true data of which countries have actually the best number of individuals utilizing the surname Yin into the whole globe. Moreover, you can observe them in a really visual way on our map, where the nations with the highest number of people with all the surname Yin can be seen painted in a more powerful tone. In this manner, sufficient reason for just one look, you can easily locate in which nations Yin is a common surname, plus in which countries Yin is an unusual or non-existent surname.
Over time, the surname Yin has undergone some changes in its spelling or pronunciation.
The fact that there was no unified spelling for the surname Yin when the first surnames were formed allows us to find many surnames similar to Yin.
Not all surnames similar to the surname Yin are related to it. Sometimes it is possible to find surnames similar to Yin that have a different origin and meaning.
Errors in writing, voluntary changes by the bearers, modifications for language reasons... There are many reasons why the surname Yin may have undergone changes or modifications, and from those modifications, surnames similar to Yin may have appeared, as we can see.
Yin Surname
Another Languages
|
Are you ready to take your CCMP exam to the next level? Boost your chances of success with these expert tips!
Get ready to dive into the world of CCMP as we guide you through ten essential strategies for preparing and acing the exam.
From understanding the exam structure to developing effective time management techniques, we've got you covered.
Don't miss out on this opportunity to enhance your knowledge and increase your chances of passing the CCMP exam.
Let's get started!
Key Takeaways
- Understand the exam structure and requirements to effectively allocate study time and enhance chances of success.
- Implement effective time management strategies, such as creating a study plan, prioritizing tasks, and utilizing the Pomodoro technique, to maximize productivity and stay focused.
- Utilize active learning techniques, such as questioning, note-taking, and mnemonic devices, to enhance retention and understanding of the material.
- Take advantage of various study materials and resources, including official CCMP resources, recommended study materials, online practice exams, and study groups or forums, to gain comprehensive knowledge and support.
Understand the CCMP Exam Structure
To fully grasp the CCMP exam structure, you should familiarize yourself with the different sections and time constraints.
The CCMP exam is divided into three sections: the Knowledge section, the Scenario section, and the Case Study section.
The Knowledge section tests your understanding of change management principles and theories. It consists of multiple-choice questions and must be completed within two hours.
The Scenario section assesses your ability to apply change management knowledge in real-life situations. You will be presented with scenarios and asked to select the best course of action. This section also lasts for two hours.
The Case Study section evaluates your analytical and problem-solving skills. You will be given a case study and asked to analyze and provide recommendations. This section has a time limit of three hours.
Understanding the CCMP exam structure is vital for effective exam preparation. By knowing the different sections and time constraints, you can allocate your study time accordingly and focus on areas that require more attention.
Create a Study Plan
When it comes to preparing for the CCMP exam, having effective time management strategies and study techniques is crucial.
By implementing a study plan that includes these key points, you can maximize your productivity and ensure that you are making the most of your study time.
In this discussion, we will explore various strategies and techniques that will help you manage your time effectively and study efficiently, ultimately increasing your chances of success on the CCMP exam.
Time Management Strategies
One effective way to boost your chances of success on the CCMP exam is by implementing time management strategies. Properly managing your time can help you stay focused, be more productive, and ensure that you cover all the necessary material.
Here are three valuable strategies to help you effectively manage your time:
Utilize the Pomodoro technique: This technique involves working in short bursts of intense focus, typically 25 minutes, followed by a short break. This method helps to maintain concentration and prevent burnout.
Prioritize tasks: Start by identifying the most important and urgent tasks and work on them first. This will ensure that you allocate your time to the most critical areas and avoid wasting time on less important activities.
Create a schedule: Plan your study sessions in advance and allocate specific time slots for each task or topic. Having a schedule will help you stay organized and ensure that you allocate enough time to cover all the necessary content.
Effective Study Techniques
Implementing effective study techniques can greatly enhance your ability to retain information and perform well on exams. When it comes to studying, active learning is key. Passive reading and memorization alone won't cut it. Instead, engage with the material by asking questions, taking notes, and discussing concepts with peers.
This active approach encourages deeper understanding and better retention of information. Additionally, incorporating mnemonic techniques can be incredibly helpful. Mnemonics involve creating associations or patterns to aid memory recall. For example, using acronyms or visual imagery to remember complex concepts or lists.
Familiarize Yourself With the CCMP Competencies
When preparing for the CCMP exam, it's important to understand the requirements set forth by the certification program. By familiarizing yourself with the CCMP competencies, you can identify the key areas of knowledge and skills that will be tested.
Once you have identified these competencies, you can develop a targeted study plan that focuses on strengthening your understanding and proficiency in those areas.
Understand CCMP Requirements
To boost your chances of passing the CCMP exam, it's important to understand the requirements. Here are three key things you need to know:
Eligibility: Before you can take the CCMP exam, you must meet the eligibility requirements set by the Association of Change Management Professionals (ACMP). This includes having a minimum of three years of experience in change management and completing at least 21 hours of professional development in the field.
Application Process: To apply for the CCMP certification, you need to submit an application form along with supporting documents that demonstrate your eligibility. This could include your resume, references, and proof of professional development hours.
Exam Structure: The CCMP exam consists of 150 multiple-choice questions that assess your knowledge and understanding of the ACMP Standard for Change Management. It covers various topics such as change management principles, methodologies, and best practices.
Understanding these requirements will help you prepare effectively for the CCMP exam and increase your chances of achieving the certification benefits, such as enhanced career opportunities and recognition as a qualified change management professional.
Identify Key Competencies
Identifying the key competencies required for the CCMP exam is crucial to your success. To help you understand the essential skills needed, here is a breakdown of the key competencies:
Competency | Description | Importance |
Change Management Fundamentals | Understanding the basic principles and concepts of change management | High |
Change Management Practices | Applying change management methodologies and techniques | High |
Change Management Tools | Utilizing various tools and technologies in change management | Medium |
These competencies encompass the core knowledge and abilities necessary to excel in the CCMP exam. By focusing on these areas, you can ensure that you are well-prepared for the challenges ahead.
Now that you have identified the key competencies, it's time to develop a targeted study plan to further enhance your understanding and proficiency in these areas.
Develop Targeted Study Plan
Now that you have identified the key competencies required for the CCMP exam, it's time to develop a targeted study plan. By using targeted study techniques and a personalized learning approach, you can optimize your preparation and increase your chances of success.
Here are three strategies to help you develop your targeted study plan:
Assess your strengths and weaknesses: Take practice exams or quizzes to identify the areas where you excel and the ones that need improvement. This will allow you to focus your efforts on the areas that require more attention.
Break down the content: Divide the exam syllabus into smaller, manageable sections. This will help you allocate time effectively and ensure comprehensive coverage of all topics.
Use a variety of resources: Explore different study materials, such as textbooks, online courses, or study guides, to gain a deeper understanding of the exam content. This will provide you with a well-rounded knowledge base.
Utilize Official CCMP Resources
Make sure you're taking advantage of the official CCMP resources available to you. These resources are designed to help you prepare for the CCMP exam and increase your chances of success.
The official CCMP website is a great place to start. It provides a wealth of information about the exam, including the exam blueprint, study guides, and practice questions. The website also offers webinars and online courses that cover the key concepts and best practices you need to know.
In addition to the official CCMP resources, there are also recommended study materials available. These materials, such as textbooks and online courses, can provide you with additional insights and perspectives to enhance your understanding of change management.
Seek Out Additional Study Materials
When preparing for the CCMP exam, you should seek out additional study materials to supplement your official resources.
Online practice exams are a valuable tool that can help you gauge your understanding of the material and identify areas where you need to focus your studying.
Study guides and textbooks are also beneficial, as they provide in-depth explanations and examples that can enhance your knowledge and reinforce key concepts.
Online Practice Exams
Using online practice exams can help you prepare for the CCMP exam and increase your chances of success. Online resources provide a convenient and flexible way to simulate the exam environment and assess your knowledge. Here are three reasons why online practice exams are beneficial:
Realistic Experience: Online practice exams mimic the format and structure of the actual CCMP exam, allowing you to become familiar with the types of questions and time constraints you will encounter. This helps reduce exam anxiety and builds confidence.
Immediate Feedback: Online practice exams provide instant feedback on your performance, highlighting areas where you need improvement. This allows you to focus your study efforts on weak areas and make the necessary adjustments to your study plan.
Time Management Skills: By practicing with timed online exams, you can develop effective time management techniques. This will ensure that you can complete the exam within the allocated time frame and answer all questions accurately.
Incorporating online practice exams into your study routine will enhance your preparation for the CCMP exam and maximize your potential for success.
Study Guides and Textbooks
To get the most out of your study guides and textbooks, focus on understanding key concepts and actively engaging with the material through note-taking and practice exercises.
When it comes to preparing for the CCMP exam, having the right resources is essential. There are several recommended textbooks that cover all the necessary topics in depth, providing you with a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. These textbooks are written by experts in the field and are designed to help you grasp the key concepts and principles.
Additionally, online study guides can be a valuable tool in your preparation. They often provide summaries, practice questions, and interactive features to enhance your learning experience.
Join CCMP Study Groups or Forums
Joining CCMP study groups or forums can greatly enhance your preparation for the exam. By joining virtual communities and finding study buddies, you will have access to a wealth of knowledge and resources that can help you excel in your studies.
Here are three reasons why you should consider joining CCMP study groups or forums:
Collaboration: Interacting with fellow candidates allows you to exchange ideas, ask questions, and gain different perspectives on the exam material. This collaborative environment promotes a deeper understanding of the concepts and helps you fill in any gaps in your knowledge.
Support: Being part of a study group or forum provides a support system where you can share your struggles and successes with others who are going through the same journey. This support can keep you motivated, accountable, and focused on your exam preparation.
Resources: Study groups and forums often have a wealth of resources such as study guides, practice questions, and exam tips. By participating in these communities, you can gain access to valuable study materials that can supplement your own resources and enhance your preparation.
By joining CCMP study groups or forums, you will be able to tap into the collective wisdom of your peers, gain valuable insights, and boost your chances of success in the exam.
Now that you have found your study community, it's time to take your preparation a step further by taking practice exams.
Take Practice Exams
Once you've joined a CCMP study group or forum, it's important to take practice exams to assess your understanding of the material.
Practice exams are an essential part of your preparation journey for the CCMP exam. They not only help you evaluate your knowledge but also familiarize you with the exam format and time constraints.
To make the most out of your practice exams, consider using various practice techniques. Start by timing yourself to simulate the real exam conditions. This will help you manage your time effectively during the actual test.
Additionally, utilize mock exams provided by reputable sources to get a feel for the types of questions that may appear. By practicing regularly and reviewing your performance, you can identify your strengths and weaknesses, enabling you to focus your study efforts and increase your chances of success on the CCMP exam.
Identify and Focus on Weak Areas
Identify and focus on areas where you struggle to improve your understanding and performance. It's important to recognize your weaknesses and work on them to enhance your chances of success in the CCMP exam.
Here are a few steps you can take to address your weak areas:
Assessment: Start by assessing your current knowledge and skills. This will help you identify the specific areas where you need improvement.
Study Plan: Once you have identified your weak areas, create a study plan that focuses on these topics. Allocate more time and resources to these areas to strengthen your understanding.
Seek Expert Guidance: Don't hesitate to seek guidance from experts or professionals in the field. They can provide valuable insights and resources to help you overcome your weaknesses.
Develop Effective Time Management Strategies
Now that you have identified your weak areas and know what needs improvement, it's time to develop effective time management strategies to optimize your study schedule and prioritize tasks.
Time management is crucial when preparing for the CCMP exam, as it helps you make the most of your available study time and ensures that you cover all the necessary topics.
One of the most effective time management techniques is to create a study schedule. Allocate specific time slots for different subjects or topics based on their importance and your proficiency. This will help you stay organized and focused, ensuring that you give adequate attention to each area.
Additionally, prioritize your tasks by identifying high-priority topics or areas that require more attention. By tackling these first, you can ensure that you cover the most critical areas of the exam content.
Stay Motivated and Confident Throughout Your Preparation
Staying motivated and confident throughout your preparation is crucial for achieving success in the CCMP exam. Building confidence and maintaining motivation can be challenging, but with the right strategies, you can stay on track and increase your chances of passing the exam.
Here are three expert tips to help you stay motivated and build confidence:
Set realistic goals: Break down your study plan into smaller, achievable goals. This will give you a sense of progress and keep you motivated as you check off each milestone.
Celebrate small victories: Acknowledge and reward yourself for completing tasks or reaching study goals. This positive reinforcement will boost your confidence and keep you motivated to continue.
Surround yourself with support: Seek out a study group or find a mentor who can provide encouragement and guidance. Sharing your challenges and successes with others can help you stay motivated and build confidence.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Long Is the CCMP Exam and How Many Questions Are There?
The CCMP exam duration and question format are important factors to consider when preparing for the exam.
The length of the CCMP exam can vary, but it typically takes around three hours to complete.
As for the question format, the exam consists of multiple-choice questions that assess your knowledge and understanding of change management principles and practices.
Familiarizing yourself with the exam format and practicing with sample questions can greatly enhance your chances of success.
Are There Any Prerequisites or Eligibility Requirements for Taking the CCMP Exam?
Before you jump into the 10 expert tips, let's address the current question: Are there any prerequisites or eligibility requirements for taking the CCMP exam?
It's important to note that before you can sit for the exam, you must meet certain criteria. The CCMP certification requires a minimum of three years of experience in change management, along with the successful completion of a comprehensive application process.
These prerequisites ensure that candidates have the necessary knowledge and expertise to excel in the exam and in their change management careers.
Can I Use External Resources or Books During the CCMP Exam?
Yes, you can use external resources or books during the CCMP exam. However, there are pros and cons to consider.
Using external resources can provide additional information and insights, helping you to better understand the material. On the other hand, relying too heavily on external resources may distract you from focusing on the specific content of the exam.
It's important to strike a balance and use these resources as supplements to your study materials.
How Is the CCMP Exam Scored and What Is the Passing Score?
The CCMP exam scoring and passing score are important factors to consider when preparing for the exam. Understanding how the exam is scored can help you strategize your preparation effectively.
It is essential to study the recommended materials and practice exams to familiarize yourself with the exam format. Time management and avoiding common mistakes are key on exam day.
Following a recommended study schedule and using practice exams and simulations can greatly boost your chances of passing the CCMP exam.
Is There a Fee Associated With Taking the CCMP Exam?
Yes, there is a fee associated with taking the CCMP exam. It's important to note that this fee is not an exorbitant amount that will break the bank, but rather a reasonable investment in your professional growth.
The CCMP exam fee covers the cost of the exam administration and evaluation. Additionally, the duration of the CCMP exam is typically around three hours, allowing you ample time to showcase your knowledge and skills in change management.
Congratulations! You're now armed with expert tips to conquer the CCMP exam and skyrocket your chances of success.
By following these strategies, you'll be well-prepared, confident, and ready to tackle any challenge that comes your way.
Remember, preparation is key, and with dedication and hard work, you'll emerge victorious.
So go ahead, embrace the journey, and let your determination shine through.
Get ready to become a CCMP-certified professional and unlock a world of endless opportunities. The sky's the limit!
|
Smoking has been linked to numerous health problems, including lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory issues. However, the detrimental effects of smoking extend beyond the respiratory system and can significantly impact oral health as well. Tobacco products contain harmful chemicals that can lead to various oral health issues, affecting the teeth, gums, and overall oral cavity. In this blog post, we will delve into the relationship between smoking and oral health, understand the impact of smoking on different aspects of oral health, discuss common oral health problems associated with smoking, and provide practical tips for quitting smoking to improve oral health and overall well-being.
The Chemicals in Tobacco and Their Effects on Oral Health:
Tobacco smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals, many of which are toxic and carcinogenic. When smoke is inhaled or comes into contact with the oral cavity, these harmful chemicals can cause damage and contribute to various oral health problems.
Nicotine is the addictive component of tobacco that keeps individuals hooked on smoking. Nicotine constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the gums, which can lead to impaired gum tissue healing and increased susceptibility to infections.
Tar is a sticky substance found in tobacco smoke that can adhere to teeth, causing discoloration and staining. Tar can also lead to the formation of dental plaque, increasing the risk of tooth decay and gum disease.
Carbon Monoxide:
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas present in tobacco smoke that displaces oxygen in the blood. Reduced oxygen levels in the bloodstream can negatively affect gum health and delay healing processes.
Impact of Smoking on Oral Health:
Gum Disease (Periodontal Disease):
Smoking is one of the most significant risk factors for gum disease. Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an inflammatory condition that affects the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. Smoking weakens the immune system and reduces blood flow to the gums, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. As a result, smokers are more likely to develop gum disease and experience more severe cases compared to non-smokers. Advanced gum disease can lead to gum recession, tooth loss, and even systemic health issues.
Tooth Discoloration:
Tar and other chemicals in tobacco smoke can cause yellow or brown stains on the teeth. Smokers often experience unsightly tooth discoloration, which can be challenging to remove with regular brushing alone. Teeth whitening treatments may be less effective for smokers due to the deep stains caused by smoking.
Bad Breath (Halitosis):
Smoking contributes to bad breath or halitosis. The chemicals in tobacco smoke linger in the mouth and respiratory system, leading to foul-smelling breath that is difficult to mask.
Delayed Healing:
Smoking can slow down the body's natural healing processes, including those related to oral health. After dental procedures like extractions or oral surgeries, smokers may experience delayed healing, increased pain, and a higher risk of complications.
Oral Cancer:
Smoking is a significant risk factor for oral cancer, including cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, and throat. The carcinogens in tobacco smoke can damage the cells lining the oral cavity, leading to the development of cancerous growths.
Reduced Sense of Taste and Smell:
Smoking can impair taste buds and the sense of smell over time, affecting the enjoyment of food and diminishing the ability to detect potential dangers like spoiled or contaminated food.
Practical Tips for Quitting Smoking:
Quitting smoking is one of the most impactful decisions individuals can make to improve their oral health and overall well-being. Here are some practical tips to help you quit smoking:
Set a Quit Date:
Choose a specific date to quit smoking and stick to it. Having a defined target can help you mentally prepare for the change.
Seek Support:
Share your decision to quit smoking with friends, family, or support groups. Having a strong support system can provide encouragement and understanding during the challenging journey of quitting.
Replace the Habit:
Find alternative activities to replace smoking, such as chewing sugar-free gum, taking short walks, or engaging in hobbies.
Avoid Triggers:
Identify triggers that lead to smoking and try to avoid them. If you associate smoking with certain activities or locations, find new ways to approach those situations.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy:
Consider using nicotine replacement therapies like nicotine patches, gum, or lozenges to gradually reduce nicotine dependence.
Behavioral Therapy:
Seek professional help or join behavioral therapy programs that focus on changing habits and coping with triggers.
Stay Positive:
Acknowledge that quitting smoking is a challenging process, and be kind to yourself during setbacks. Stay positive and focus on the benefits of quitting for your oral health and overall health.
Smoking has severe consequences on oral health, ranging from gum disease and tooth discoloration to oral cancer. The harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke can damage oral tissues, impair the immune system, and hinder the body's natural healing processes. Quitting smoking is an essential step in improving oral health and overall well-being. By breaking free from the grip of tobacco addiction, individuals can significantly reduce the risk of oral health problems, enhance their sense of taste and smell, and lower the chances of developing serious systemic health issues associated with smoking. If you or someone you know is struggling with smoking cessation, seek professional help and remember that quitting is a journey worth taking for a healthier and brighter future.
|
Liszt: Mephisto Waltz No. 1, S. 514
The Dance at the Village Inn
Item is backordered and shipping time is unknown right now.
- Composer: Franz Liszt
- Editors: Veronika Giglberger, Norbert Gertsch
- Instrumentation: Piano
- Work: Mephisto Waltz No. 1, S. 514, LW A189/1
- Size: 9.3 x 12.2 inches
- Pages: 40
- Urtext / Critical Edition
When Liszt took over the direction of the Court Opera in Weimar, he spent a great deal of time exploring Goethe's works. He was particularly attracted to the subject-matter of Faust. He used Nikolaus Lenau's "Faust", a comprehensive poem in 24 scenes, as the model for his orchestral work in two parts "Episodes from Lenau's Faust". The second part, "Dance in the Village Inn", was originally written for piano solo. He gave this wild piece which builds up to an almost delirious climax the title "Mephisto Waltz". The piano composition soon spread around the world in its own right and even today is considered to be the quintessential bravura piece. for the first time, a version of the piece that was abridged and simplified by Liszt can be found in the appendix.
|
Images from this morning's presentation "Veterans of the Sarasota School," held before a full house at The Francis as part of Sarasota MOD Weekend.
Panelists John Howey, Carl Abbott, Tim Seibert, Gene Leedy and Frank Folsom Smith shared stories and observations about midcentury modernism.
It was also a time for reunions among old friends, including Shirley Hiss, whose late husband, Phil Hiss, hired the Sarasota School architects to design the important local buildings of the 1950s and '60s.
Leedy shared a favorite story about the origins of the phrase "Sarasota School of architecture."
"When I used the phrase, Tim said, 'Come on, Gene, you know there wasn't any such thing.' But the press picked up on it and it stuck. A reporter asked Tim, 'I hear you were one of the founders of the 'Sarasota School.' And Tim replied, 'That's right!' "
Seibert and Leedy have quite different memories of those days. John Howey, a panelist, wrote in his 1995 book "The Sarasota School of Architecture" that Paul Rudolph and other Sarasota architects of the 1950s would gather at the Plaza restaurant on Fridays to drink and share stories and architectural ideas.
Leedy vouches for that story. But Seibert says if it happened, it didn't happen very often. The architects were individuals and competitive, and Rudolph and Victor Lundy had a strong dislike for one another.
"Victor was very kind to me when I was a draftsman," recalled Seibert. "But when I got my (architectural) license, he couldn't stand the sight of me. Not that I was any competition to him."
Panelist Carl Abbott admitted he had little knowledge of the Plaza scenario, as he was born in 1936 and was still in college at the time. But he did study under Rudolph at the Yale architecture school in its graduate program, and remembers that Rudolph was a gifted teacher "who could make you do things architecturally that you never thought was in you."
Frank Folsom Smith said he took a leave of absence from architecture school at the University of Virginia when offered a job by Lundy. But he was let go by Lundy with three months remaining in his leave and went to work for another Sarasota School architect, Bert Brosmith, whom he described as a very gifted architect. Brosmith, still practicing in New York, ran Rudolph's office after Paul left for Yale and administered construction of Sarasota High School's addition, designed by Rudolph.
Sarasota MOD Weekend continues through Sunday. Your real estate editor is conducting a walking tour of Lido Shores at 2 this afternoon and a boat tour aboard Le Barge at 3 p.m. Sunday. Both events are sold out.
|
India's silent youth crisis: College-educated but poorer than a farm hand
Two-thirds of India's unemployed youth are educated — a fraction which has doubled since 2000. As India votes, a question gnaws at its future: If education can't get you a job, is it even worth it?
Ralegaon, India – Sometimes, Shivanand Sawale rues his choices and dreams.
Growing up in Dabhadi village in the Yavatmal district of western India's Maharashtra state, the 42-year-old was so inspired by teachers around him that he wanted to become one himself.
He battled poverty, his father's untimely death and his growing farm losses and turned that aspiration into a reality.
He is now among the most well-educated in his village: Sawale obtained a Master of Science and a Diploma in Education, a certificate degree meant for elementary-level school teachers.
Yet, he is often the butt of jokes among his friends. The reason? He makes less money than a landless labourer in the village. After working for 13 years in a private school, Sawale makes 7,500 rupees ($90) a month, or 250 rupees ($2.4) a day.
In the village, a day's wage for farm labourers is anywhere between 300 and 400 rupees ($3.7-$4.7).
"My friends keep mocking me, saying [that] even uneducated workers at corner shops earn more than I do," Sawale says.
The only consolation for Sawale is that he is not alone.
As India elects a new government, jobs have emerged as a key issue. A pre-poll survey by the New Delhi-based Lokniti-Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) found that rising unemployment was foremost on the minds of voters.
There are also many millions of Indians like Sawale who are underemployed and in pitifully low-paying jobs they are overqualified for. Their education, often, counts for little.
Instead, like Sawale, they face gnawing questions
|
Browsing by Author "Amekudzi, Leonard K."
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- ItemAssessing Climate Driven Malaria Variability in Ghana Using a Regional Scale Dynamical Model(Climate, 2017-03-05) Asare, Ernest O.; Amekudzi, Leonard K.Malaria is a major public health challenge in Ghana and adversely affects the productivity and economy of the country. Although malaria is climate driven, there are limited studies linking climate variability and disease transmission across the various agro-ecological zones in Ghana. We used the VECTRI (vector-borne disease community model of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste) model with a new surface hydrology scheme to investigate the spatio-temporal variability in malaria transmission patterns over the four agro-ecological zones in Ghana. The model is driven using temperature and rainfall datasets obtained from the GMet (Ghana Meteorological Agency) synoptic stations between 1981 and 2010. In addition, the potential of the VECTRI model to simulate seasonal pattern of local scale malaria incidence is assessed. The model results reveal that the simulated malaria transmission follows rainfall peaks with a two-month time lag. Furthermore, malaria transmission ranges from eight to twelve months, with minimum transmission occurring between February and April. The results further reveal that the intra- and inter-agro-ecological variability in terms of intensity and duration of malaria transmission are predominantly controlled by rainfall. The VECTRI simulated EIR (Entomological Inoculation Rate) tends to agree with values obtained from field surveys across the country. Furthermore, despite being a regional model, VECTRI demonstrates useful skill in reproducing monthly variations in reported malaria cases from Emena hospital (a peri urban town located within Kumasi metropolis). Although further refinements in this surface hydrology scheme may improve VECTRI performance, VECTRI still possesses the potential to provide useful information for malaria control in the tropics
- ItemComparison of rainy season onset, cessation and duration for Ghana from RegCM4 and GMet Datasets(Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 2016-04-25) Mensah, Caleb; Amekudzi, Leonard K.; Klutse, Nana Ama B.; Aryee, Jeffrey N. A.; Asare, KofiThe socio-economic sector of West African countries is rain-fed agriculture driven. Information regarding the onset, cessation and duration of the rainy season is thus, very essential. In this paper, a comparison of the onset, cessation and duration of the rainy season has been carried out using simulated rainfall data from the fourth generation Regional Climate Model (RegCM4) and rain gauge measurements from Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet), covering a period of 1998 to 2012. Similar onset and cessation dates were seen in both the simulated and guage rainfall measurements for the various agro-ecological zones, resulting in similar duration of the rainy season. The average duration of the rainy season were less than 200 days for the savannah and coastal zones whereas the duration of the rainy season were beyond 200 days for the forest and transition zones. The bias of these comparisons was less than 30 days and the root mean square error (RMSE) values were less than 15 days for all stations, except Saltpond. The Pearson's correlation (r) typically ranged between 0.4 and 0.8. However, negative correlations were observed for Tamale in the savannah zone, and the entire coastal zone. These findings are indications that RegCM4 has the potential to clearly simulate the movement of the rain belt, and thus, could fairly determine the onset, cessation and duration of the rainy season. The findings have significant contributions to effective water resource management and food security in Ghana, as the thriving of these sectors depend on the dynamics of the rainfall seasons.
|
Copper is an essential trace mineral in animal and human nutrition. In addition to possible anaemia, neutropenia and osteoporosis, manifestations of mild copper deficiency may include abnormal glucose tolerance, hypercholesterolemia, arthritis, myocardial disease, arterial disease, cardiac arrhythmias, loss of pigmentation and neurological problems. T J Clark's Catalyzed Copper contains a highly bioavailable colloidal form of copper. Catalysed copper is flavoured with fructose for greater patient compliance. Our phytogenic mineral catalyst is included for maximum nutrient utilisation.
Selenium has antioxidant activity. Selenium may also have immunomodulatory, anticarcinogenic and anti-atherogenic activities. It may have activity in detoxification of some metals and other xenobiotics and activity in fertility enhancement in males.
|
Trust is the foundation of any strong and meaningful relationship. It is the glue that holds couples together, providing a sense of security, openness, and emotional intimacy. However, when trust is shattered due to infidelity, it can be a devastating blow to the relationship. We shall explore the complex dynamics of trust and infidelity, delving into the importance of trust, the impact of infidelity, and strategies for rebuilding and healing.
1. The Significance of Trust in Relationships:
Trust is the bedrock of a healthy and fulfilling relationship. It involves relying on one another, feeling safe to be vulnerable, and having faith in the partner's intentions and actions. Trust allows for open communication, emotional support, and the ability to work through challenges together. It establishes a sense of security, intimacy, and commitment between partners.
2. Understanding Infidelity and Its Impact:
Infidelity refers to a breach of trust through engaging in intimate or emotional connections with someone outside the committed relationship. It can cause profound emotional pain, feelings of betrayal, and a loss of self-esteem for both partners involved. The impact of infidelity may include broken trust, damaged communication, increased conflict, and a sense of insecurity.
3. Rebuilding Trust after Infidelity:
Rebuilding trust is a challenging but essential process for healing a relationship after infidelity. It requires commitment, honesty, and consistent effort from both partners. Here are some key strategies for rebuilding trust:
3.1. Open and Honest Communication:
Transparent communication is vital in rebuilding trust. Partners need to express their feelings, concerns, and expectations openly. This includes discussing the reasons behind the infidelity, acknowledging the hurt caused, and exploring ways to prevent similar situations in the future.
3.2. Accountability and Responsibility:
The partner who engaged in infidelity must take responsibility for their actions and show genuine remorse. This involves understanding the impact of their behavior, being accountable for their actions, and actively working towards rebuilding trust. It may involve seeking therapy or counseling to address underlying issues.
3.3. Patience and Forgiveness:
Rebuilding trust takes time and patience. The betrayed partner needs time to heal, process their emotions, and rebuild their trust in the relationship. Forgiveness is a gradual process that involves letting go of resentment and working towards a future based on renewed trust.
3.4. Consistency and Reliability:
Consistency is key in rebuilding trust. The partner who was unfaithful needs to demonstrate consistent trustworthy behavior over time. This includes honoring commitments, being reliable, and following through on promises. Consistency helps rebuild confidence and belief in the partner's commitment to change.
3.5. Seek Professional Help:
In some cases, seeking the guidance of a qualified therapist or counselor can provide valuable support in the healing process. Professional help offers a safe space for both partners to express their emotions, address underlying issues, and learn effective communication and coping skills.
4. Preventing Infidelity:
While rebuilding trust after infidelity is possible, prevention is always better.
Here are some preventive strategies:
4.1. Open and Honest Communication:
Maintaining open lines of communication is essential. Regularly check in with your partner, express your needs, and address any concerns promptly. Foster an environment of trust where both partners feel safe to share their feelings and desires.
4.2. Nurture Emotional Intimacy:
Emotional connection and intimacy are crucial in a healthy relationship. Make an effort to connect emotionally, show empathy, and understand each other's needs. Cultivate an environment where emotional intimacy can thrive, reducing the likelihood of seeking it elsewhere.
4.3. Prioritize Relationship Maintenance:
Invest time and effort in the relationship. Prioritize quality time together, engage in shared activities, and show appreciation for one another. Regularly express love and affection, reinforcing the bond between partners.
4.4. Address Issues Promptly:
Address relationship issues as they arise. Unresolved conflicts and unmet needs can create vulnerability and distance. Tackle issues through open communication, compromise, and seeking professional help if necessary.
4.5. Continued Growth and Self-Reflection:
Individual growth plays a significant role in maintaining a healthy relationship. Engage in self-reflection, identify personal vulnerabilities, and work on personal growth. Continuously strive to be the best partner you can be, nurturing the relationship through self-improvement.
Trust is a fundamental aspect of any successful relationship. Infidelity can severely damage trust, but with commitment, open communication, and patience, it is possible to rebuild and strengthen that trust. Healing after infidelity requires dedication from both partners, a willingness to confront underlying issues, and a shared vision of rebuilding a stronger and healthier relationship. By understanding the importance of trust, addressing the impact of infidelity, and implementing strategies for healing, couples can embark on a journey towards rebuilding trust and creating a more resilient partnership.
|
The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is well underway, with various models hitting the markets aimed at reducing carbon footprints and promoting sustainable mobility. However, the relatively high initial costs can be a barrier, particularly for seniors living on fixed incomes. This article explores practical strategies for seniors to acquire electric cars at a more affordable price, ensuring they can also partake in this technological shift without straining their finances.
The Benefits of Electric Cars for Seniors
Electric vehicles offer numerous advantages that are particularly beneficial for seniors. Firstly, EVs have lower running costs compared to gasoline-powered cars; they are cheaper to fuel (electricity vs. gasoline) and maintain (fewer moving parts leading to fewer mechanical issues). Additionally, electric cars provide a quieter and smoother ride which can be more comfortable for older adults who may suffer from back pains or who appreciate a less jarring transportation experience.
Understanding Electric Vehicle Incentives
To encourage the adoption of electric cars, various federal, state, and local governmental bodies offer incentives that lower the cost of purchasing an EV. In the United States, for example, buyers of new electric vehicles can benefit from a federal tax credit up to \$7,500. However, it's essential to note that these credits are available until the manufacturer hits 200,000 sold units.
Some states offer additional incentives, including rebates, tax exemptions, and grants. For seniors, it's crucial to research and apply for these incentives, as they can significantly reduce the initial cost of acquiring an electric car.
Exploring Senior Discounts and Programs
Some car manufacturers and dealerships provide special discounts for seniors. These can include cash-back offers, discounts on the purchase price, or lower financing rates. Seniors should inquire directly with car dealerships about any available age-related discounts or promotions.
Moreover, there are programs specifically targeted at helping seniors to purchase new vehicles. For example, the AAA's "Smart Features for Older Drivers" program helps identify vehicles with features that enhance senior safety and comfort, which can also guide electric vehicle purchases.
Considering Pre-owned Electric Vehicles
A practical approach to obtaining an affordable electric car is to consider a pre-owned or certified pre-owned model. The value of a new car depreciates rapidly in its first few years, which means buying a used car can save a considerable amount of money. Websites like Autotrader, Kelley Blue Book, or local dealerships are potential starting points to search for used electric cars in good condition.
When purchasing a pre-owned EV, it's vital to check the battery health, as it is the most crucial component of the car and is expensive to replace. Many pre-owned EVs still have a significant portion of their battery warranty intact, which can offer additional peace of mind.
Car Sharing and Electric Vehicle Rental Programs
For seniors who do not need a vehicle on a daily basis, car sharing or renting an electric vehicle may be a cost-effective option. This way, they can avoid the upfront costs of ownership and only pay for a vehicle when needed. Companies like Zipcar, Getaround, and Turo offer electric vehicle options in many cities. Additionally, senior-specific transportation services may also have EVs in their fleets, providing another cost-effective alternative.
Future Outlook and Developments
The electric vehicle market is rapidly evolving, with more affordable models expected to enter the market as technology advances and production scales. Battery technology improvements and increased competition will likely lead to lower prices for new and used electric vehicles, making them more accessible for everyone, including seniors.
Purchasing an electric car can be economically feasible for seniors through a mix of government incentives, special programs, considering pre-owned vehicles, and leveraging car sharing systems. As the market continues to evolve, it will likely become even easier for seniors to find the right electric vehicle that fits their budget and mobility needs.
|
The impact of climate change is being felt worldwide, and its consequences are not limited to ecological and environmental concerns alone. One unexpected repercussion of these changing climatic patterns is the significant surge in homeowners' insurance rates. Natural disasters, ranging from wildfires and hurricanes to floods and storms, have become more frequent and devastating, leaving homeowners in vulnerable areas grappling with the escalating costs of insurance coverage. In this article we'll delve into the factors driving up home insurance rates and explore case studies of affected US states, shedding light on the challenges they face, as well as similar trends in the home insurance industry worldwide. Finally, we'll take a look at some of the innovative solutions that industry players and fintechs have come up with to help both homeowners and insurers navigate the uncharted waters of climate change.
As the effects of climate change continue to reverberate across the globe, the insurance industry is witnessing a relentless wave of natural disasters that are reshaping the landscape of home insurance. Homeowners residing in regions prone to these calamities are experiencing a myriad of challenges, with insurance premiums skyrocketing, coverage options dwindling, and even policies being canceled altogether. The rapidity and severity of these changes have become so pervasive that what was once considered an exceptional circumstance is now becoming the norm.
US states like California and Florida, renowned for their scenic landscapes, have borne the brunt of natural disasters like wildfires and hurricanes, propelling insurance rates to unprecedented heights. Homeowners in these regions have found themselves grappling with policy cancellations or facing exorbitant quotes for replacement coverage. The increasing frequency and intensity of these disasters are not isolated events; they are part of a global trend. Insurance companies worldwide are confronting the aftermath of such events, prompting them to raise premiums, limit coverage, and even withdraw from certain markets. The private insurance sector, acting as the first line of defense in the risk-transfer chain, has become acutely sensitive to the growing climate risks.
Weathering the storm: Climate change's impact on home insurance rates
Related news & insights
AXA and the Universal Postal Union (UPU) join forces to advance inclusive insurance through postal networks
This collaboration aims to use the extensive reach and trust of postal services to offer financial protection to underserved populations.
Marsh introduces insurance solution for EU crypto-asset service providers
This solution is designed to help providers comply with the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA), which will take effect on...
Clearcover and Ada collaborate on customer-facing AI solution
This collaboration aims to revolutionize Clearcover's customer service experience by integrating Ada's 'AI Agent' into its platforms.
Sun Life launches innovative insurance solution for Canadians living with diabetes
This industry-first offering provides a higher chance of approval, affordable premiums, and personalized care to empower individuals with diabetes.
Manulife and John Hancock partner with MIT AgeLab for longevity research
The partnership aims to advance longevity innovation through research, thought leadership, and workshops, providing insights for businesses, policymakers, and individuals.
Financial innovation spotlight: May 2024 edition
We have selected five new innovative projects that we found particularly interesting. A world tour that takes in France with...
MicroBank's microcredits lead to creation of over 28,000 jobs in Spain
MicroBank, the social bank of CaixaBank, has significantly contributed to job creation in Spain, directly creating 28,521 jobs in 2023...
Allianz Trade and Inclusive Brains develop AI-powered assistive technology
This innovative technology utilizes Artificial Intelligence (AI) and neurotechnologies to empower people with disabilities by allowing them to control workstations,...
|
Take the family on a coastal trail walk and explore the Nobbies, the ultimate opener before the famous penguin parade.
When Victorians think of local holidays, they think of weekends away at Phillip Island. I've had many weekends away to Phillip Island growing up and one of my main stops is The Nobbies boardwalk trail. Even as an adult, I am still in awe of its natural beauty.
One of the highlights of Philip Island is the beloved and internationally renowned Penquin Parade. Only catch is, the penguins don't arrive until sunset, which leaves visitors thinking, what else shall I do today?
The Nobbies boardwalk is stones throw from the Penguin parade and the perfect way to build up anticipation for the penguins. If you're lucky, you might be able to spot a few penguins before the show!
Getting there
The Nobbies boardwalk are at the Western Most point of Philip Island, which is a 90 minute drive from the Melbourne CBD. From Philip Island's main township of Cowes, the Nobbies trail is a quick 10 minute drive, just past the Summerlands. There is very little public transport on Philip Island, getting to the Nobbies will need to be done by car, taxi or tourist bus. Experienced cyclists may enjoy riding to the Nobbies trail.
Known as a popular walking trail, there's plenty of free flat gravel parking available. The best things in life are free and this trail is one of them.
The trail is a very short one, approximately 500 metres each way which is great for young families and people building up their fitness. The main track is wheelchair accessible but some of the trails smaller paths involve steeps which may restrict people with mobility issues. Because of it's small number of paths and sturdy barriers, the Nobbies boardwalk is ideal for large groups.
What to bring
There's plenty of birds and wildlife to watch. Spare yourself from squinting and bringing a pair of binoculars or some coins to purchase time with the fixed public binoculars. Take a camera to shoot some fantastic coastal shots. Bring sunglasses on a sunny day to prevent squinting from the glare.
For those prone to the cold, a jacket to keep the cool breeze off your skin is ideal. Be weary with hats on windy days, to ensure the sea breeze doesn't blow them away! My uncle's lucky cap was blown off from the sharp ocean breeze and being the family runner, guess who had to chase it down the boardwalk? Lucky, I got it back before a bird used it as part of its nest.
Take as long or as little as you want
The Nobbies, Philip Island are one of those places you can dash through in 20 minutes, or spend a couple hours. Take some time to soak in the rugged views and spot the wildlife. You can even enjoy for a barista made coffee from the nearby café. Turn the trip into an educational experience for both kids and adults by visiting Antarctic Journey the Nobbies centre.
What exactly is the nobbies trail?
Good question. The Nobbies are actually known as Round island and is a giant uninhabited dome island. Thousands of years of constant barging waves have carved the beauty in what is today seen as the Nobbies. The Nobbies trail is only a few hundred metres from the lookout so you get to see fine details in the island including the cracks of the cliff and the wildlife that sometimes inhabits it
The epic scenery
Enjoy the rugged coast lines and have pole position of Bass Strait ocean. The Nobbies volcanic rocks and moss green surroundings remind me of the Scottish Highlands and Irish coastline. Stop and inhale the salty sea air and prepare to be slapped by the coastal breeze.
The sturdy boardwalk has been carefully designed to consider the foot traffic of tourists without upsetting the wildlife.
Make sure the kids don't veer off the path and they learn to appreciate the wildlife from a distance. Take a moment every now and then to stop and acknowledge the birds nesting alongside and even under the board walk. In the past, I knelt down to peer through the cracks in the boardwalk to discover nesting penguins!
The blowhole is another of the key features of the trail. Take a moment to stop and inhale the crisp air and mindfully watch as the waves crash against the cliffs and anticipate the WHAM of water spraying from the blow hole.
The wildlife
The Nobbies boardwalk is great way to glimpse the native Philip Island wildlife in their natural habitat. Most of the animals have adapted to the ongoing visitors and if you keep your eyes peeled, you can see them lurking under the boardwalks and returning from their nests.
Some native wildlife includes gulls, snakes, fairy penguins. From the Nobbies lookout, you can see Seal Rocks which is home to thousands of local fur seals. At the right time of day, you may see some seals lounging on the rockfaces. May to October is whale migration time and if you are lucky to travel to Philip Island during the winter months, you may be rewarded with the sights the humpback and southern whales swimming along the Victorian coastline.
It's about family
What I love about the nobbies, is it is accessible for everyone. The solid boardwalk makes it hard to lose people. You can stop and start as much as you want and it's a great way to teach the kids a thing or two about conservation.
Coming back to Philip Island every few years, it's just as enjoyable as when I was young. There's a bit more to do now like visit the Nobbies centre and drink coffee like a grown up but the salty sea breeze never gets old. There is a lot more of a conservation and education focus now.
Skipping along the Nobbies boardwalk trail with my own family makes me want to bring them back again.
Like the trail? For more trail trips by this author, click here.
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.