answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"7.95%"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} | 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.11.057 | Based on the above advantages, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of DSSCs assembled by the ZnO NSs/NAs composite films is 7.95%, which is 81.51% higher than that of ZnO NSs and is close to the highest PCE that has ever been reported (8.03%).ZnO is promising materials for various applications, including light-emitting diodes In this study, the ZnO NSs/nanocrystalline aggregates (NAs) composite films were prepared. | What is the value of PCE? | 56941 |
{
"text": [
"12.65mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2012.03.027 | The DSSCs based on LI-17 show the best light to electricity conversion efficiency of 5.35% (Jsc=12.65mAcm−2, Voc=675mV, ff=0.63) under standard global AM 1.5 solar light conditions (100mWcm−2), indicating that the introduction of tert-butyl groups may be able to play an anti-aggregation effect.► Four organic dyes with different bridge were applied in dye-sensitized solar cells. | What is the value of Jsc? | 53630 |
{
"text": [
"13.3mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.10.016 | In agreement with IPCE measurements, XS46 affords JSC of 13.3mAcm−2, leading to lower PCE of 5.87%.) of DSCs in conjunction with a cobalt electrolyte (E2) composed of 0.25M [Co(II)(phen)3](PF6)2, 0.05M [Co(III) (phen)3](PF6)3, 0.5M 4–tertpyridine (TBP) and 0.1M LiTFSI in acetonitrile. | What is the value of JSC? | 51691 |
{
"text": [
"300–700"
],
"answer_start": [
354
]
} | 10.1016/j.rser.2016.06.028 | The authors stated that the improved electron diffusion length (electron lifetime) and shorter electron transfer in the composite were a result of the crosslinking between the NPs and nanofibers Fluorine–doped TiO2 HSs were employed as a scattering layer by deposition on the surface of a TiO2 film underlayer Recently, carbon–doped TiO2 hollow spheres (300–700 nm in size) were prepared using hydrothermally grown carbon templates as a scattering layer Doping of SnO2 hollow spheres by Ga3+ has been found to change the band gap of SnO2 effectively Using a composite semiconductor for a photoanode has been proposed to reduce the rate of recombination by formation of a Schottky barrier at the interface of the composite components. | What is TiO2? | 37516 |
{
"text": [
"16.95mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.007 | The photocurrent density (Jsc) of the N0S4 is 16.95mAcm−2 and power conversion efficiency (η) is 9.17%. | What is the value of Jsc? | 43931 |
{
"text": [
"1.11 V"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA01452G | Upon incorporation of methoxy as the terminated group, the YT2-based cell provided a slightly higher PCE of 18.51% with a Jsc of 22.85 mA cm−2, a Voc of 1.11 V, and a FF of 0.73. | What is the value of Voc? | 22893 |
{
"text": [
"0.4 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.08.112 | After the sintering process, a portion of 0.4 × 0.4 cm2 was selected from the film as the active area by removing the side portions by scrapping. | What is the value of active area? | 41782 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.02.097 | Due to the weakly basic property of the NH2 group in APTS, the modified CPE chemically changed the quasi-Fermi level and the conduction band edge of the TiO2 photoanode in DSSC, resulting in improved Voc; for the hydrolysis and condensation property of –Si(OC2H5)3, the Si–O–Si network was formed in the APTS-modified CPE, which improved the connection of the polymer electrolyte with the electrodes in DSSC. | What is photoanode? | 26783 |
{
"text": [
"4.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} | 10.1016/j.poly.2008.12.033 | For the Z-907-sensitized solar cells, an addition of HDMA entailed increased results of η (from 3.7% to 4.0%) and Jsc (from 0.94 to 1.07 mA cm−2), thus attaining the highest short-circuit current density achieved in 100 W m−2 illumination of all dyes studied in this work (see ). | What is the value of η? | 38636 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.03.144 | This means that CoSe itself is a poor ETM layer but the CoSe-PCBM composite at the 4.3wt%-5.8wt% doping range can act as a better ETM material than both CoSe and PCBM alone because of their synergistic effect.To investigate the effect of CoSe on the photovoltaic performance, the current density (J) - voltage (V) characteristics of PSCs consisting of various amount of CoSe doped in the PCBM layer were tested at AM 1.5G illuminations (100mWcm−2), as shown in . | What is the value of illumination? | 11543 |
{
"text": [
"0.72 V"
],
"answer_start": [
304
]
} | 10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.104 | The dye-sensitized solar cell performance of each dye was investigated, and the TPTDYE-2-sensitized cell was found to show a maximum monochromatic incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 75%, a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 13.50 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.72 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.69, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 6.71% under simulated AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW/cm2). | What is the value of Voc? | 50678 |
{
"text": [
"6.30mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.07.019 | However, the Cz-Th dye exhibited higher visible range light absorption and showed the highest Jsc (6.30mAcm−2) and PCE (∼3.4%). | What is the value of Jsc? | 42760 |
{
"text": [
"1.12V"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.103865 | For the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite, the DCZ-OMeTAD based device reaches PCE of 19.81%, with a short-circuit current (Jsc) of 23.19mAcm−2, a Voc of 1.12V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.76, which is outcompeting the Spiro-OMeTAD based reference device with a PCE of 18.06% and corresponding cell parameters Jsc of 22.89mAcm−2, Voc of 1.11V, and FF of 0.70. | What is the value of Voc? | 2771 |
{
"text": [
"0.1 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} | 10.1016/j.mseb.2017.01.004 | A non-reflective metal aperture of 0.1 cm2 was used to define the active area of the device and avoid light scattering through the sides. | What is the value of active area? | 6536 |
{
"text": [
"11.28%"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.08.078 | In comparison, the maximum PCE of hybrid carbon based PSCs was 11.28% with a VOC of 0.98V and JSC of 18.26mAcm−2, that the photovoltaic performance was slightly improved. | What is the value of PCE? | 9259 |
{
"text": [
"5.31%"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} | 10.1039/C5NR07091K | The JSC is increased from 13.0 to 14.9, and the VOC is improved to 0.82, yielding a 5.31% PCE. | What is the value of PCE? | 15710 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
550
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.02.034 | Consequently, the grain sizes of the corresponding single microcrystals (SMC) derived perovskite films are 750–1500 nm, nearly 3 times large than that of raw materials (RM) derived perovskite films (300–500 nm), shown in , the hole- and electron- dominated devices were prepared to evaluate the carrier mobility of these two perovskite films by conducting space charge limited current method The single microcrystals- and raw materials derived perovskite films are further applied as planar perovskite solar cells with the structure of FTO/ Nb-doped TiO2 (~85 nm)/ FAxMA1−xPb(IxBr1−x)3 (~500 nm)/ Spiro-MeOTAD (~150 nm)/ Au (~100 nm) (seen in a). | What is FTO? | 2507 |
{
"text": [
"iodide/triiodide"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | 10.1039/C8CP04060E | Two different electrolytes, namely, the classical iodide/triiodide and the tris(4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2-bipyridine) cobalt complex were investigated as redox couples. | What is redox couples? | 63853 |
{
"text": [
"0.78%"
],
"answer_start": [
385
]
} | 10.1039/C2NJ40963A | The short-circuit current density (JSC), open-circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF) and PCEs for all devices are summarized in Table 2.The PV cells based on CZ(TDPP)2 as the donor exhibited a VOC of 0.66 V, a JSC of 4.12 mA cm−2, a FF of 0.44 and a PCE of 1.50%, while the other three devices, based on DPA(TDPP)2, PTZ(TDPP)2, and FL(TDPP)2, presented PCE values of 0.53%, 0.75% and 0.78%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 70162 |
{
"text": [
"24 h"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} | 10.1039/C1JM10993F | The introduction of tert-butyl groups in t-Bu results in a slow increase in η over prolonged immersion times reaching a maximum of 2.1% at 24 hours immersion. | What is the value of time? | 74766 |
{
"text": [
"43.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.046 | In addition, both short circuit current density (Jsc) and filled factor (FF) in the reverse scan were found greater than that in the forward scan, reduced from 21.15 to 19.43mA/cm2 and from 57.3 to 43.4%, respectively. | What is the value of FF? | 11298 |
{
"text": [
"0.96V"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.02.011 | For reverse scanning (from Voc to Jsc), the PSC exhibited a PCE of 12.9%, with a slightly higher Voc of 0.96V and a higher FF of 76.6%, while Jsc remained almost the same (17.5mA/cm2). | What is the value of Voc? | 8275 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.03.068 | The moderate shift of the conduction band edge of TiO2 nanocrystals, as well as the inhibition of dark current from TiO2 to the triiodide in the electrolyte contributes to the higher energy conversion efficiency. | What is ? | 27964 |
{
"text": [
"19.17%"
],
"answer_start": [
148
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA12217B | By this interfacial treatment, the fabricated CuSCN-based PSC device exhibits an average photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.57% (PCE of 19.17% for the champion device), which is very close to the photovoltaic performance of the PSC with spiro-OMeTAD (PSC-spiro, average PCE of 19.03%). | What is the value of PCE? | 19305 |
{
"text": [
"Ag"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2016.05.032 | Finally, a 100 nm-thick Ag film was evaporated on top of the PC61BM film, to act as the cathode electrode. | What is electrode? | 4690 |
{
"text": [
"2.62%"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA10587C | For the ZnO based cell, the short-circuit current density (JSC) of 9 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 600 mV and the solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency (η) of 2.62% were achieved. | What is the value of η? | 60948 |
{
"text": [
"79.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.03.019 | As the volume ratio of ammonia is increased to 4%, the device exhibits the best performance among all the devices with a PCE of 15.5%, a Voc of 0.93V, a Jsc of 20.9mA/cm2 and an FF of 79.4%. | What is the value of FF? | 5795 |
{
"text": [
"0.69V"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.03.015 | The enhancement of the open circuit voltages of LI-40 (i.e., Voc of LI-40 reached 0.73V compared to that of PSS, 0.69V) may be induced by the alkoxy chain substituted to the quinoxaline unit, which suppressed the charge recombination, consequently resulting in an increase of Voc.Many organic sensitizers aggregate on the semiconductor surface via molecular stacking, leading to the self-quenching and reducing electron injection into TiO2. | What is the value of Voc? | 39702 |
{
"text": [
"18.65%"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.04.098 | By contrast, 0.1M Ru-TiO2 yielded PCEs of 18.65% (JSC=22.50 mAcm−2, VOC=1.126V, FF=75.20%) and 18.94% (JSC=22.55 mAcm−2, VOC=1.128V, FF=76.55%) in forward and reversed scans, respectively, with negligible hysteresis. | What is the value of PCE? | 6132 |
{
"text": [
"18.36%"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA10975C | Impressively, in inverted PVKSCs, IDT6CN-TM as the ETM and ILM achieved PCEs of up to 18.36% and 19.8%, respectively, with high fill factors (FFs) of over 80% and a negligible hysteresis effect. | What is the value of PCE? | 18019 |
{
"text": [
"620 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC03542C | The device fabricated with the first one achieved a VOC of 620 mV, JSC of 0.67 mA cm−2, FF of 0.37 and PCE of 0.15%, while for the other two the cell parameters were a VOC of 700 mV, JSC of 1.13 mA cm−2, FF of 0.43 and PCE of 0.34%, and a VOC of 890 mV, JSC of 1.93 mA cm−2, FF of 0.67 and PCE of 1.16%, respectively.With a molecule named MeO-TPD, Johansson and coworkers showed how a light soaking treatment of complete DSC devices can greatly influence the final performance of a solar cell, suggesting that ion migration may occur in the solid-state HTM film. | What is the value of VOC? | 70944 |
{
"text": [
"0.20 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.mssp.2012.12.005 | The active area of the cell, regulated by a mask, was about 0.20 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 51049 |
{
"text": [
"HA(CH3NH3)n−1PbnI3n+1"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA01569H | The angle of a water droplet on the HA(CH3NH3)n−1PbnI3n+1 (n = 1, 2, 3, 4) perovskites indicates a decreased wetting character compared to the MAPbI3 film. | What is perovskite? | 14094 |
{
"text": [
"5.07%"
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.05.057 | Obviously, the conversion efficiency of DSCs with NiCo2O4/C CE is higher than that of the cell with NiO/C (η=5.07%), Co3O4/C (η=4.82%) and pristine C (η = 4.34%). | What is the value of η? | 27940 |
{
"text": [
"3.57%"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM34363K | Under the same conditions, the overall η of dyes YF01, YF03, and YF04 were 3.57%, 3.67%, and 4.03%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 67872 |
{
"text": [
"0.524 V"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.04.073 | As expected from the enhanced ion conductivity and amorphicity in HPA–PEO/ChMe, DSSC fabricated with HPA–PEO/ChMe electrolyte showed the maximum overall conversion efficiency of 3.1% with the short circuit current density (JSC) of 9.7 mA/cm2, the open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.524 V and the fill factor (FF) of 65.6%. | What is the value of VOC? | 57793 |
{
"text": [
"0.98 V"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA08398B | The device with a high-purity precursor possesses a PCE of 15.2% with a Jsc of 20.3 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.98 V, and FF of 0.76, compared to the 12.0% PCE of the low purity device with a Jsc of 18.2 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.92, and a FF of 0.72. | What is the value of Voc? | 19159 |
{
"text": [
"7.41%"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.06.045 | Combination of an electron-withdrawing benzotriazole with a strong electron-donating indoline moiety in the donor module produces the best PCE of 7.41% for DSSC based on YDBT-Pyc. | What is the value of PCE? | 54811 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.03.045 | R1 is attributed to the resistance of TiO2 dye/CuI interface. | What is ? | 53080 |
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.11.045 | We further subjected the stability of devices with and without Pb(SCN)2 in ambient environment of 60±5% relative humidity under simulated solar illumination (AM 1.5G, 100mW/cm2) (). | What is the value of illumination? | 2354 |
{
"text": [
"6.14%"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.08.057 | The DSSC with PtNi/RGO CE reaches to a good PCE of 6.14% in comparison to Pt-Ni alloy and RGO CEs. | What is the value of PCE? | 41705 |
{
"text": [
"CA2PbI4"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} | 10.1039/C6NR04741F | Here, the degradation of PCBM and the reaction of the metal electrode with perovskites in a humid environment should also be underlying reasons for the decrease of device performances.In summary, 2D/3D perovskite hybrids (CA2PbI4/MAPbIxCl3−x) were successfully fabricated for the first time by covering 3D perovskites with an in situ produced thin film of 2D perovskites. | What is perovskite? | 21024 |
{
"text": [
"10.77%"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.037 | The resulting power conversion efficiency (PCE) increased from 10.77% without DIO to 12.86% with 1% DIO, which was a 19.4% increase, thus verifying that adding 1% DIO to the perovskite layer facilitated increasing the device performance of the PSC.Because of recent energy shortages and environmental problems derived from global warming, countries worldwide have begun to attach great value to the development and use of renewable energy (). | What is the value of PCE? | 8601 |
{
"text": [
"0.707V"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.086 | Meantime, the Voc and FF of Pt/HGF (0.681V, 66.4%) are lower than those of Pt (0.707V, 69.5%) and HGF (0.732V, 69.9%), this might because that a higher Jsc means more frequent carrier exchanges between electrolyte and electrode b) were tested to study the electrocatalytic activity of Pt/HGF-CEs. | What is the value of Voc? | 51713 |
{
"text": [
"5.76±0.05%"
],
"answer_start": [
179
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.01.010 | The DSSC with the 2 layer NGr/PEDOT shows a higher η of 6.10±0.02%, but almost the same JSC of 10.80±0.17 mA cm−2, as compared to these parameters of the DSSC with the Pt film (η=5.76±0.05%, JSC=10.60±0.07 mA cm–2). | What is the value of η? | 25915 |
{
"text": [
"0.68 V"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2012.08.006 | At 100% sun, the smooth-walled titania NT array based DSSC generated a short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 5.4 mA cm−2, open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.68 V, and fill factor (FF) of 0.57, with an overall conversion efficiency of 2.01%. | What is the value of Voc? | 52106 |
{
"text": [
"0.98V"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226765 | Their J–V characteristics and detailed PV performance are illustrated in The best-performing device using neat PEDOT:PSS as HTL achieved a PCE of 14.3% (open-circuit voltage (Voc)=0.98V, short-circuit current (Jsc)=19.65mA/cm2, fill factor (FF)=0.743). | What is the value of Voc? | 980 |
{
"text": [
"3.54 %"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
} | 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2014.12.015 | The short-current density (Jsc) of P25 based PSCs is 12.40mAcm−2, while increase to 14.61mAcm−2 when S@S–TiO2 was used as the top scattering layer, leading to the photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) improving from 3.54 % to 4.29 %. | What is the value of η? | 17 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} | 10.1016/j.actamat.2018.02.043 | The 12(ooo) superlattice diffraction pattern along the [110]-zone axis in (a) and (b) show open-circuit voltages (Voc) and short-circuit current densities (Jsc) measured from the heterostructures of ITO/BFO100xNd ceramics/Au as the laser irradiation (λ=405nm) was switched on and off in sequence with increasing intensity (I) by steps. | What is ITO? | 1399 |
{
"text": [
"0.720 V"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} | 10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.11.094 | The Voc obtained a maximum of 0.720 V upon 0.1 M HCl treatment. | What is the value of Voc? | 50498 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
234
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA13145A | At the moment we do not know if increased recombination is also a contributor to the loss of voltage in the melt-processed solid-state DSSCs.As already implied by the standard sealing procedures for high efficiency DSSCs, heating the TiO2/Z907 or TiO2/D149 films to 120 °C for 1 minute does not significantly change the cell efficiency. | What is ? | 68852 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
161
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.062 | Further addition of Zn nanoaprticles beyond 5 wt% did not cause improvement in overall efficiency.This study provides bases for the low temperature sintering to TiO2photoanodes which exhibits higher overall performance at relatively lower fabrication temperatures. | What is photoanode? | 37699 |
{
"text": [
"8.08%"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} | 10.1039/C6QM00271D | Of all the dyes tested, the cell based on T2 displays the highest η of 8.08% (JSC = 16.17 mA cm−2, VOC = 746 mV, FF = 0.670), reaching ∼98% of the standard N719-based cell (8.20%) fabricated under the same conditions. | What is the value of η? | 68266 |
{
"text": [
"7.89%"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} | 10.1016/j.tet.2013.10.041 | Note that, the PCE of 7.89% has been achieved for M22 based on the cobalt cell, the value is even higher than that of M16 (7.60%), which bearing binary π-conjugated linkers. | What is the value of PCE? | 59919 |
{
"text": [
"3.51%"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} | 10.1039/C7NJ01184A | As shown in Table 2, the ZnTTTD dye exhibited the highest η of 3.51%, whereas the ZnTTEP and ZnTEP dyes showed a lower η of 2.15% and 1.14%, respectively.To explain this difference, the corresponding detailed photovoltaic performance parameters will be discussed. | What is the value of η? | 66831 |
{
"text": [
"0.79 V"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2013.04.012 | The DSSCs based on MWCNTs counter electrode achieved Jsc of 15.73 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.77 V, FF of 0.79 and η of 9.56% while Pt counter electrode yielded Jsc of 15.05 mA cm−2, VOC of 0.79 V, FF of 0.78 and η of 9.34%. | What is the value of Voc? | 42841 |
{
"text": [
"2.79%"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} | 10.1016/j.microrel.2015.09.015 | On the other hand, the short circuit current density (Jsc) was also affected by the decrease of ion motilities, Jsc was decreased from 11.58 mA/cm2 to 8.17 mA/cm2, and the energy conversion efficiency (η %) was decreased from 5.17% to 2.79%. | What is the value of η? | 33439 |
{
"text": [
"2"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA03644E | Due to the mismatch in the band-gap between these carbon materials and TiO2Voc is highly compromised, which is one of the major reasons for the poor performance of the flexible devices. | What is TiO2? | 73371 |
{
"text": [
"∼0.20 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1039/C7NR06424A | During the J–V measurements, a black mask was used to cover the active area (∼0.20 cm2). | What is the value of active area? | 19075 |
{
"text": [
"0.897V"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.083 | While the Voc of the cells using bis-PCBM is just slightly lower (0.934V), a significant drop can be observed for the devices with a-PTCDI (0.897V).Photoluminescence (PL) measurements were performed at perovskite films, fabricated with the 1:1:4 (PbI2:PbCl2:MAI) formulation on glass substrates, without and in combination with an ETL layer, PCBM, bis-PCBM or a-PTCDI (In the presence of the ETLs the emission of the perovskite layer is substaintially quenched indicating an efficient charge transfer from the perovskite to the electron transport material. | What is the value of Voc? | 10333 |
{
"text": [
"605 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA16493H | The DSSC based on DPP-I showed a JSC of 9.78 mA cm−2, a VOC of 605 mV, and a FF of 0.69 to achieve an η of 4.14%. | What is the value of VOC? | 72824 |
{
"text": [
"14.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} | 10.1039/C8RA03993C | However, devices with TiOx interlayer (PCBM/TiOx/Al interface) show rectifying J–V curves with much higher FF (69.4%) and improved PCE (∼14.6%) with substantially lower hysteresis, as shown in Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 18237 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.04.006 | In particular, future work will focus on in detail characterizing the PoPD/MWNTs morphology inside the TiO2 nanopores and inhibiting interfacial charge recombination. | What is ? | 25194 |
{
"text": [
"6.33%"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA12320K | As a result, the overall conversion efficiency (η) of the hierarchical TiO2 hollow sphere-based cell is 6.33%, a little lower than that of the P25 nanoparticle-based cell of the same thickness (7.69%).The light scattering ability of the hierarchical TiO2 hollow spheres was characterized by UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. | What is the value of η? | 70079 |
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
360
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.07.137 | Normally, in a typical EIS spectrum of DSSCs, three semicircles are observed and assigned to the charge transport resistance (R1) at FTO/TiO2 interface or counter electrode/electrolyte interface in high-frequency, to the charge transport resistance (R2) at TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface in middle-frequency, and to the Nernst diffusion resistance (Zw) of the I−/I3− redox couple in electrolyte in low-frequency, respectively. | What is redox couple? | 56513 |
{
"text": [
"0.570 V"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} | 10.1039/C7SE00362E | 3) contributes to a JSC of 16.77 mA cm−2 and a VOC of 0.570 V and η = 6.78% (Table 2). | What is the value of VOC? | 62649 |
{
"text": [
"0.56 V"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} | 10.1016/j.poly.2014.10.026 | Compounds 7 and 10 have similar π conjugated structures, however, the η value of compound 10 sensitized cell was 1.8% (Jsc= 4.4 mA cm−2, Voc= 0.56 V and ff = 0.72), which was higher than that of the dye 7 sensitized cell (η= 1.4%, Jsc= 3.5 mA cm−2, Voc= 0.54 V and ff = 0.74). | What is the value of Voc? | 50937 |
{
"text": [
"1.19V"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.02.010 | The best device shows an efficiency of 20.1% with an impressive VOC of 1.19V.Supplementary data to this article can be found online at | What is the value of VOC? | 10197 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.04.003 | On the other hand, the “exposed” TiO2 surfaces between bulky dyes could be covered by co-adsorbent dye SE, which are favorable for blocking I3− in contract with TiO2 and reducing the charge recombination rate. | What is ? | 56053 |
{
"text": [
"15–17"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.08.003 | The FTIR analysis was carried out on a Perkin-Elmer RX-1 spectrophotometer at a resolution of 4 cm−1 in the wave number range 400–4000 cm−1.Nanoporous TiO2 semiconductor thin films, which were approximately 15–17 μm thick, on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO [F:SnO2]) conducting glasses of sheet resistance 10 Ω/sq cm [BHEL, India] were prepared according to our earlier report A mixture of the chosen detergent with powdered materials and iodine/iodide redox couple was used to fabricate solar cells. | What is TiO2? | 33961 |
{
"text": [
"41.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2017.02.003 | The FF decreases from 41.2% to 29.9% with an increase in the C60 layer thickness from 2.5 to 15 nm, which is related to the coverage of CH3NH3PbI3 on the C60/FTO/glass sample as shown in (b) presents the hysteresis behaviors in the J-V curves. | What is the value of FF? | 8429 |
{
"text": [
"0.64 V"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA15278B | In addition, the Voc of 0.61 V observed for (7a) is close to the literature value of 0.64 V reported elsewhere for this dye. | What is the value of Voc? | 62772 |
{
"text": [
"17.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA02142F | The short circuit current fell slightly to 22.9 mA cm−2 for the all-iodine composition (I:Br = 1:0), leading to a lower PCE of 17.4%. | What is the value of PCE? | 12236 |
{
"text": [
"3.05%"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2007.05.004 | Under similar conditions, PCH001 has shown the η of 3.05% The adsorbed dye first absorbs the incident photon flux and is then excited from the ground state to the excited state and the excited electrons in nanosecond lifetime can inject into the conduction band of TiO2 and dye gets oxidized. | What is the value of η? | 50031 |
{
"text": [
"11.10mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.086 | The neat N719 and ETRC absorption spectrum shows broad absorption in the wavelength range of 300–705nm and 300–550nm respectively, wherein the N719 /ETRC mixture exhibits broader and higher absorption intensity.As per AM 1.5G (1 sun, 100mW/cm2), the conventional electrolyte based DSSCs exhibited a PCE of 5.72% (Jsc=11.10mA/cm2, Voc=0.747V and FF=0.69%) and on the other hand, the ETRC-1 and ETRC-2 displayed a higher PCE of 8.02% (Jsc=14.09mA/cm2, Voc=0.780V and FF=0.73%) and 7.60% (Jsc=13.65mA/cm2, Voc=0.770V and FF=0.72%) respectively. | What is the value of Jsc? | 48879 |
{
"text": [
"1.10%"
],
"answer_start": [
311
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.05.063 | The individually N719 sensitized device was found to exhibit η value of 5.31% (with Jsc=11.98 mA cm−2, Voc=0.70V, and FF=0.63), the individually L1, L2 and L3 sensitized device exhibited η value of 1.34% (with Jsc=3.80 mA cm−2, Voc=0.58V, and FF=0.61), 1.44% (with Jsc=4.16 mA cm−2, Voc=0.59V, and FF=0.59) and 1.10% (with Jsc=3.22 mA cm−2, Voc=0.58V, and FF=0.59), respectively. | What is the value of η? | 41610 |
{
"text": [
"10.08%"
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
} | 10.1039/C3EE40296G | Yum reported that nanoporous PProDOT electrodes exhibited significant improvement in electrocatalytic activity in conjunction with a Co3+/2+ redox mediator, leading to a PCE of 10.08%. | What is the value of PCE? | 73843 |
{
"text": [
"15.70 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.10.200 | The Jsc increases in the order of 3% ZnO (17.91 mA/cm2) > 5% ZnO (15.70 mA/cm2) > 10% ZnO (15.12 mA/cm2) > 1% ZnO (14.52 mA/cm2) > TiO2 (13.74 mA/cm2). | What is the value of Jsc? | 49951 |
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.12.007 | CDT-3 dye containing three Th- unit shows the highest short circuit current (Jsc=15.14mA/cm2) and efficiency is 6.02% under 1 sunlight (100mW/cm2, AM1.5) illumination. | What is the value of illumination? | 59342 |
{
"text": [
"1.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
199
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.11.004 | The device fabricated from compound 1 at the concentration of 30mgmL−1 shows a Jsc of 6.26mAcm−2, a Voc of 709mV and a FF of 0.41, achieving a higher PCE (1.22%) than that of the device without HTM (1.02%). | What is the value of PCE? | 9791 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.05.042 | P25 TiO2 nanoparticles were coated on the top of the compact layer by doctor blade method by mixing the nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol (Mol. | What is ? | 40212 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.02.026 | a illustrates the current density-voltage curves of these three RC dye sensitizers along with N719 under AM 1.5G simulated solar irradiation (100mWcm−2). | What is the value of solar? | 27182 |
{
"text": [
"0.42%"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} | 10.1039/C8SE00154E | Preliminary tests have been performed for CNBI double perovskite solar cell where the best CNBI solar cell exhibited PCE of 0.42%, which is comparable to those of other lead-free perovskite solar cells. | What is the value of PCE? | 15469 |
{
"text": [
"5.47%"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA09146C | The device based on neat PEA perovskite exhibits poor performance with a PCE of 5.47% and a certain hysteresis phenomenon (Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 14033 |
{
"text": [
"7.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
} | 10.1016/j.apmt.2017.01.009 | The highest PCE (η) achieved through one-step process was 8.08% for an active area of 0.07 cm2 and the devices with an active area of 0.23 cm2 achieved a best efficiency of 7.52% as shown in (a) and (b), respectively. | What is the value of η? | 10010 |
{
"text": [
"23.12mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.078 | The Jsc showed a remarkable progress to 19.86mA/cm2 for SNA3 cell and to 23.12mA/cm2 for the SNA5 cell. | What is the value of Jsc? | 41068 |
{
"text": [
"7.21%"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.05.027 | Moreover, the N-doped NW/NP composite cell (C2) has higher η (7.21%) than undoped NW/NP composite cell (C1) (6.10%). | What is the value of η? | 39110 |
{
"text": [
"0.55%"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} | 10.1016/j.jssc.2010.11.024 | An energy conversion efficiency (η) of 0.54–0.55% has been obtained under irradiation of AM 1.5 simulated sunlight (100 mW/cm2), indicating a massive improvement of η in the AZO nanofiber film DSSCs after SD-treatment of the FTO substrate as compared to those with no treatment. | What is the value of η? | 37094 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.108029 | Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis reveals that the introduction of the 4-methoxyphenyl with ethynyl group or the extension of π-bridge could suppress the charge recombination arising from electrons in TiO2 film and the I3− ion in electrolyte and promote the ICT process, thus improving the VOC of DSCC considerably. | What is ? | 55906 |
{
"text": [
"Pt"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.12.043 | Thus, owing to earth-abundant, non-toxic constituent elements and possession of similar electrocatalytic activities of Pt, Cu2XSnS4 (X=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn and Cd) can be considered potential substitutes for the more expensive Pt as CE materials for DSSCs. | What is CE? | 24301 |
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2016.02.049 | The ultrathin GO layer can efficiently extract holes out of perovskite and block electrons at PEDOT:PSS/ITO interlayer from recombination, which is crucial for the performance improvement. | What is ? | 8337 |
{
"text": [
"5.53%"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.100 | The PCE of DSSCs has been dramatically improved by 11.2%, comparing with that of the DSSC with Pt CE (Voc= 0.66 V, Jsc= 13.30 mA cm-2, FF = 0.63, PCE = 5.53%)., the Voc values of DSSCs with CoxNi1-xSe and Pt CEs are all close to 0.66 V. | What is the value of PCE? | 38658 |
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.043 | The light intensity was calibrated to be 100mW/cm2 using a standard Si solar cell. | What is the value of light intensity? | 51388 |
{
"text": [
"15.8"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.10.111 | Various thicknesses of the TiO2 photoelectrodes were obtained, as followed: the P90 TiO2 electrode of approximately 15.8 μm (denoted as the neat P90 TiO2 electrode), the P90 TiO2 electrode with a m-SBA-15 scattering layer of approximately 18.4 μm (denoted as the composite P90 TiO2 electrode), and the 97.5 wt.% P90 TiO2 nanoparticles + 2.5 wt.% TiO2 nanorods composite electrode with a m-SBA-15 scattering layer of ca. | What is TiO2? | 30727 |
{
"text": [
"0.04%"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.06.041 | The optimum dye-loading duration was 20min with PCE of ≈ 0.04%. | What is the value of PCE? | 27510 |
{
"text": [
"74.47%"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.12.006 | Thus, the 4a-based cell has greater FF value than 4b-sensitized cell, as shown in (74.47% and 73.48%, respectively). | What is the value of FF? | 33093 |
{
"text": [
"14.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2017.12.015 | Reference device has a PCE of 11.17%, short circuit current density (JSC) of 18.65 mA cm−2, open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.90 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.69, while device with water additives has a better PCE of 14.02%, JSC of 20.19 mA cm−2, VOC of 0.95 V and FF of 0.73. | What is the value of PCE? | 11447 |
{
"text": [
"8.07 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.07.001 | Furthermore, when compared to the cell FTO/ZnO/MP, the Jsc value of the cell FTO/ZnO+TiO2/MP improved significantly (from 8.07 mA/cm2 to 10.53 mA/cm2), demonstrating the role of the additional TiO2 compact layer on the top of the ZnO layer in reducing electrical loss and preventing the acid sensitizer from contacting with the ZnO compact layer directly. | What is the value of Jsc? | 37689 |
{
"text": [
"0.72 V"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
} | 10.1039/C7CP06859J | However, it was weaker than the device based on N719 dyes, which has excellent IPCE values of over 80% at 425 nm.The devices based on four polymers showed open-circuit voltage (VOC) values in the order of PBDTT-PhenCd (0.72 V) > PBDTT-PhenCu (0.71 V) > PPV-PhenCd (0.68 V) > PPV-PhenCu (0.65 V), which may be ascribed to the gradually increased HOMO energy level of the dye. | What is the value of VOC? | 61576 |
{
"text": [
"0.88 V"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
} | 10.1039/C5NR01433F | The highly efficient solution-processable low-temperature perovskite solar cells utilizing a PEDOT:PSS:AgOTf-doped GO HIL measured at 100 mW cm−2 illumination demonstrates a JSC of 19.18 mA cm−2, a VOC of 0.88 V, and a FF of 70.51% leading to 11.90% PCE. | What is the value of VOC? | 15386 |
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