ColPali: Visual Retriever based on PaliGemma-3B with ColBERT strategy

ColPali is a model based on a novel model architecture and training strategy based on Vision Language Models (VLMs) to efficiently index documents from their visual features. It is a PaliGemma-3B extension that generates ColBERT- style multi-vector representations of text and images. It was introduced in the paper ColPali: Efficient Document Retrieval with Vision Language Models[add link] and first released in this repository

Model Description

This model is built iteratively starting from an off-the-shelf Siglip model. We finetuned it to create BiSigLip and fed the patch-embeddings output by SigLip to an LLM, PaliGemma-3B to create BiPali

Model Training

Dataset

Our training dataset of 127,460 query-page pairs is comprised of train sets of openly available academic datasets (63%) and a synthetic dataset made up of pages from web-crawled PDF documents and augmented with VLM-generated (Claude-3 Sonnet) pseudo-questions (37%). Our training set is fully English by design, enabling us to study zero-shot generalization to non-English languages. We explicitly verify no multi-page PDF document is used both ViDoRe and in the train set to prevent evaluation contamination. A validation set is created with 2% of the samples to tune hyperparameters.

Note: Multilingual data is present in the pretraining corpus of the language model (Gemma-2B) and potentially occurs during PaliGemma-3B's multimodal training.

Parameters

All models are trained for 1 epoch on the train set. Unless specified otherwise, we train models in bfloat16 format, use low-rank adapters (LoRA) with alpha=32 and r=32 on the transformer layers from the language model, as well as the final randomly initialized projection layer, and use a paged_adamw_8bit optimizer. We train on an 8 GPU setup with data parallelism, a learning rate of 5e-5 with linear decay with 2.5% warmup steps, and a batch size of 32.

Intended uses

#TODO

Limitations

Focus: The model primarily focuses on PDF-type documents and high-ressources languages, potentially limiting its generalization to other document types or less represented languages.
Support: The model relies on multi-vector retreiving derived from the ColBERT late interaction mechanism, which may require engineering efforts to adapt to widely used vector retrieval frameworks that lack native multi-vector support.

License

ColPali based model (PaliGemma) is under gemma license as specified in its model card. The adapters attached to the model are under MIT license.

Contact

Manuel Faysse: [email protected]
Hugues Sibille: [email protected]
Tony Wu: [email protected]

Citation

If you use any datasets or models from this organization in your research, please cite the original dataset as follows:

    @misc{faysse2024colpaliefficientdocumentretrieval,
      title={ColPali: Efficient Document Retrieval with Vision Language Models}, 
      author={Manuel Faysse and Hugues Sibille and Tony Wu and Gautier Viaud and Céline Hudelot and Pierre Colombo},
      year={2024},
      eprint={2407.01449},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.IR},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.01449}, 
}