Consider the following premises. Q_11(a_5). forall x_16: P_16(x_16) <-> Q_16(x_16). forall x_16: P_16(x_16) or ~Q_11(x_16). Can we infer ~q from them? If possible, name the inference rules being used at each step.
We cannot infer that from the premises. Therefore the answer is no.