Translate the following inference to logic notation: For all x, if x_4 drinks water, then x_4 is a scientist. If Charles were a scientist, then it is late. For all x, x_4 is a musician. For all x, if x_4 were a musician, then x_4 is a scientist. Therefore it is late.
forall x: P(x) -> Q(x). Q(a) -> p. forall x: R(x). forall x: R(x) -> Q(x). Therefore p.