Translate the following inference to logic notation: Richard is playing a game or Jessica is playing tennis. If Joseph reads a book, then Richard is not taking a plane. For all x, x_16 will play a game if and only if x_16 will take a plane. If Jessica plays tennis, then Richard is taking a plane. Therefore Joseph is not reading a book.
P(a) or p. q -> ~Q(a). forall x: P(x) <-> Q(x). p -> Q(a). Therefore ~q.