Consider the following premises. forall x_16: ~R_16(x_16). R_16(a_16) <-> q_3. w_1. Can we infer q_3 from them? If possible, name the inference rules being used at each step.
 From forall x_16: ~R_16(x_16) we can infer ~R_16(a_16) via universal instantiation. Finally, from R_16(a_16) <-> q_3, ~R_16(a_16) we can infer ~q_3 via biconditional elimination, which contradicts q_3. Therefore, the answer is no.