Translate the following inference to logic notation: For all x, x_12 will take a plane. For all x, x_12 is happy. There is at least one x for which x_12 will not take a plane. Therefore there is at least one x for which x_12 is an artist.
forall x: P(x). forall x: Q(x). exists x: ~P(x). Therefore exists x: R(x).