But it could influence the longer term effect that they&#x27;re studying. They address this issue in the section &quot;Secondary Analyses&quot;:<p>&gt; In a secondary analysis, we asked whether cognitive performance predicted chocolate consumption rather than the other way round. This analysis was conducted on a sample of participants who had completed a cognitive assessment in waves 1-4 of the MSLS, but also completed the dietary questionnaire at wave 6, a mean of 18.0 years later. Cognition was assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)... There were no significant associations between chocolate intake and the total WAIS...<p>Seems like the chocolate eaters weren&#x27;t more intelligent to begin with.