Stepping back for a moment, while it&#x27;s obvious how this might be an issue for image algorithm APIs, it&#x27;s unclear to me whether this is an actual impediment to AI in the real world.<p>What I mean is: I have a hunch that if you were to gain control of the precise activation of each retinal photoreceptor in my eyes, you could send me into epileptic shock or induce all sorts of terrible physiological conditions. You could create retinal activation maps that, when printed out on a screen, appear like noise or normal objects, but when applied directly to photoreceptors would be interpreted by the brain to be something completely different. So I&#x27;m not sure defending against this is necessary for real-world AI, although improvements in this area will probably carry over to improvements in general performance &#x2F; the theory of how deep learning works.