You&#x27;re right. To disambiguate, I was saying the pragmatic&#x2F;economic effect &quot;dominates&quot;, which economists use to imply being stronger, not even necessarily by much, but enough to override culture at the margin.<p>&gt; all of these factors are core to what attracts significantly large groups of people to cities<p>And these things can change. Or more precisely, technological or social shifts may change these preferences drastically, which is why real estate and land ownership in general has a black-swan style long-tail risk, which is seldom mentioned.<p>Primary draws of the city may become weaker with better technology. And we might find [more striking and concrete evidence for] significant drawbacks, especially in term of health effects.