In fact, that&#x27;s the only way to do it.  This VFIO&#x2F;IOMMU setup virtualizes the PCI-E port itself.  It routes the PCI-E port that the graphics card is plugged into to the VM.  So the VM has exclusive and direct access to that PCI-E port.  Therefore, the GPU, the ports on it, everything hooked up to that PCI-E port belongs to the VM.  Most importantly, this also means the GPU&#x27;s SMBus for temperature monitoring is also routed and owned by the VM.  From the VM&#x27;s perspective it isn&#x27;t any different than a physical card.<p>You can also route USB hubs to it the same way, sound cards, etc.