&gt; As such, it would be more accurate to say &quot;Not ALL rights are not enumerated&quot;.<p>It would be <i>even more</i> accurate to say -- as regards the meaning of the Ninth Amendment -- that it means that not all rights applicable against the US federal government are enumerated in the Constitution, in that the omission of legal rights recognized <i>prior</i> to the Constitution are not extinguished by mere omission from the Constitution (they might be extinguished by conflicting with enumerated powers in the Constitution.)<p>I&#x27;m not sure its really defensible to interpret the intended meaning of the Ninth Amendment to be that rights exist without being enumerated <i>anywhere</i>. (The closest the Constitution gets to that -- at least, as far as rights that the federal government can&#x27;t encroach -- is in Amendment X, which does something <i>like</i> that, though its framed in terms of <i>powers</i> rather than <i>rights</i>, by expressly reserving all powers not delegated to the federal government by the Constitution.)<p>Certainly, some of the same people who were involved in advocating for the Ninth Amendment had expressed the view in <i>other</i> contexts that rights exist independent of enumeration (e.g., in the Declaration of Independence.)