You forgot the Direct3D vs OpenGL shenanigans that they were still trying as early as Vista. The fact that no open technology is ever good enough for Microsoft, the fact that whenever they took anything that could be remotely interoperable with anybody else, they applied embrace-extend-extinguish. The name &quot;Office Open XML&quot; which is just so close to sounding like &quot;Open Office XML&quot; and fool people into thinking it will have some interoperability with Open Office. The way they start new APIs and technologies and then abandon them when they stop being the latest and greatest (MFC, Silverlight). The way they push their own proprietary solution to everything.