&quot;Dynamometer testing is already supplemented by on-road testing using portable emissions equipment, lab testing of cars borrowed from consumers, audits of other industry emissions labs and examination of vehicles chosen randomly from assembly lines, said Valentine, the EPA spokeswoman.&quot;<p>from: <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.autonews.com&#x2F;article&#x2F;20150929&#x2F;OEM11&#x2F;150929807&#x2F;epa-should-do-more-road-emissions-tests-critics-say" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.autonews.com&#x2F;article&#x2F;20150929&#x2F;OEM11&#x2F;150929807&#x2F;epa...</a><p>So the manufacturer apparently does not get to chose the vehicle, which is one reason why the cheating code was present in <i>all</i> VWs with that engine model rather than just in the vehicles used for the testing.