&gt; They made it as difficult as possible to interoperate in order to entrench their dominant position.<p>That reminds me of governments too. Administration is .. well, known synonym for latency, resistance etc etc, yet when it&#x27;s in the interest of the government&#x2F;state (finding bad taxpayers) all of a sudden everything is lean, fast, beautifully smart.[1]<p>It&#x27;s a survival effect crossing through the layers.<p>[1] A friend told me how he received a letter explaining the state found his job and relationship status through cross relating pieces of data between two families that indicates the &#x27;couple&#x27; shouldn&#x27;t benefit some &#x27;student loans&#x27; anymore.