Nope, Bayes makes the second situation (and to a lesser extent the first) informative since the probability of a life-saving second-order interaction between otherwise dangerous drugs is small compared to the probability of the toxicity having a more or less cumulative effect.<p>Now, do I expect regulatory recognition of that fact in proportion to what you would get from a proper phase 0&#x2F;1 trial? Probably not, and I&#x27;m OK with that because of the moral hazard involved, but it strikes me as more than a little ungrateful to pretend that the experiment was scientifically worthless. Someone put their life on the line for all of us, we should thank them and move on.