I disagree that math is that great. A mathematical model is a formal description of some sort, but a mental model is just a different kind of ontological descriptor; both are merely machines to process inputs and produce some sort of output. You might argue that it&#x27;s better to be able to observe and tweak the mathematical model than to use one built on purely human semantics, but, mathematical models, by virtue of their simplicity, are generally poor at dealing with complexity (see my other comment in this thread for a critique of his model). This is why we&#x27;re tending these days towards more complex, harder-to-understand learning systems like neural networks; you get an answer composed of primitives you don&#x27;t really understand very well. This is basically the same as sociology.