Java is one of the few languages that only has reference types.<p>All the languages that I referenced have value types in the same lineage as Algol derived languages.<p>This means that you can make use of the stack, global statics, structs of arrays, arrays of structs and so on.<p>The GC only comes into play when you make use of the heap, of course. Also the GC has a more rich API, given that besides Eiffel, the other languages are system programming languages. So you can let the GC know that certain areas aren&#x27;t to be monitored or released right away (manual style).<p>So given that you have all the memory allocation techniques at your disposal the stress on the GC isn&#x27;t as big as in Java&#x27;s case.<p>But sadly none of those earned the hearts of the industry.<p>The closest you have to them are D (which deserves a better GC implementation) and the improvements coming to .NET Native via the Midori project.