Galois Inc is a perfect example of one that continually makes money on high-assurance R&amp;D some of which they open-source. Others spin it off into useful commercial tools. INRIA has done that with Astree Analyzer for C. Other times they can just make the tools practical and available for a community that will then build on them alongside their students. INRIA w&#x2F; Ocaml and Coq come to mind again.<p>So, that&#x27;s one route.