What are the four foundation elements of supply chain management? The four foundation elements of supply chain management are  purchasing, production, logistics and processing or collaboration  between trading partners.
Short-sightedness (myopia) Other people have eyes that are too long, so the light focuses in front of the retina (they are short-sighted). This means that they cannot see things clearly if they are far away from them (such as the TV or board at school).
If the eye is too short in relation to the lens, near objects are focused behind the retina (hypermetropia: farsightedness or longsightedness). In contrast, if the eye is too long in relation to the lens, distant objects are focused in front of the retina (myopia: nearsightedness or shortsightedness) (fig. 46-1C).