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The sodium atom (atomic number 11), with 1 valence electron in its third energy level, would like to achieve the stability of its nearest noble gas neighbor, the neon (Ne) atom (atomic number 10), which contains 8 valence electrons in its second energy level.
Now: oxygen must gain two electrons in order to have a total of 8 electrons in its valence shell. Sodium must lose one in order to get 8 electrons in its valence shell. Si â¦ nce the overall charges must cancel out, two sodium atoms are required for every one oxygen atom in this particular process, so your chemical formula for the resultant compound will be Na2O.