Other clear examples of medical progress without animal experiments include: the introduction of anaesthetics such as chloroform, ether, and nitrous oxide: understanding of sterile techniques in surgery' understanding of the blood groups,
For the ancient Greek article of dress, see Zoster (costume). Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. Typically the rash occurs in a single stripe either on the left or right of the body or face. Two to four days before the rash occurs there may be tingling or local pain in the area.
The same virus that causes chickenpox is responsible for outbreaks of shingles. Outbreaks of shingles often follow the distribution of nerves in the skin. This distribution pattern is called a dermatome (see the dermatomes picture).