Verb. 1. impel-urge or force (a person) to an action; constrain or motivate. force. cause, do, make-give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally; cause a commotion; make a stir; cause an accident.= force) â noetigen; nÃ¶tigen to impel somebody to do â something (jdn) dazu, noetigen nÃ¶tigen etw; zu tun to (impel)somebody in â to action Jdn zum. (= handeln noetigen) â (nÃ¶tigen)drive. on voran treiben
1 Ratio of the salt to the acid or base. 2  The buffer capacity is optimal when the ratio is 1:1; that is, when pH = pKa. 3  Total buffer concentration. 4  For example, it will take more acid or base to deplete a 0.5 M buffer than a 0.05 M buffer.
1 When the pH of the solution moves 1 pH unit from the pKa in either direction, the buffer efficacy drops to 33% of the maximal capacity. 2  At these pHs, there is a tenfold difference in the concentration of the acid and the base. 3  This follows from the Henderson--Hasselbalch equation, pH=pKa+log([A-]/log[HA]).