Marginalism is a theory of economics that attempts to explain the discrepancy in the value of goods and services by reference to their secondary, or marginal, utility. The reason why the price of diamonds is higher than that of water, for example, owes to the greater additional satisfaction of the diamonds over the water.
A large amount of circulating blood flows through the kidneys. Approximately 25% of the cardiac output or 1200 ml of blood per minute is received by the kidneys. One liter of urine is the end product of more than 1000 liters of circulating blood processed through the kidneys. large amount of circulating blood flows through the kidneys. Approximately 25% of the cardiac output or 1200 ml of blood per minute is received by the kidneys. One liter of urine is the end product of more than 1000 liters of circulating blood processed through the kidneys.
Cardiac output (CO) can be defined in words, units of measurement or equations. In short it is the volume of blood being pumped from the left ventricle of the heart in one minute, also expressed as liters per minute (L/min). In the average adult at rest the cardiac output will typically measure between 4.5 and 5.5 L/min. Several factors can affect cardiac output indirectly by affecting the heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV), the primary components of cardiac output determination often expressed by the equation CO = HR x SV. Video of the Day