Active systemic lupus erythematosus or organ failure Active SLE most commonly causes death because of nephritis. The most common sites of fatal infections in patients with SLE are the lung. renal insufficiency.53]. Risk factors for serious bacterial infections include immunosuppressive treatment with cytotoxic medications or corticosteroids.62].
Below the cuticle is the epidermis. On the top of the leaf, this is known as the upper epidermis. This is a single layer of cells found directly below the cuticle. It helps protect the leaf by aiding in preventing water loss and providing an extra layer between the outside and inside of the leaf.tomata and the Lower Epidermis. Remember that the top of the leaf has the protective coating of the cuticle and then a layer of cells known as the upper epidermis. On the bottom of the leaf is another protective layer of cells.
The cuticle also works with the stomata to help complete photosynthesis. After the stomata open and carbon dioxide enters the leaf, the cuticle protects the mesophyll layer, which contains the photosynthetic cells that receive and process the carbon dioxide to manufacture glucose.The cuticle is translucent, so it does not block the sunâs rays from reaching the photosynthetic cells.utin forms an insoluble hydrophobic barrier, which means it does not disintegrate by dissolving in water but remains in place to protect the leaves. Cuticle thickness varies, depending on plant type and the plant parts it covers. On leaves, the cuticle is 1/10 to 14 micrometers thick.