1. The surface of many bacterial species is covered by polysaccharides. These can be in the form of capsules, glycoproteins or glycolipids. In Gram-negative bacteria, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) also referred to as endotoxin, covers ca. 40% of the bacterial surface.
A consul is a diplomat appointed to live in a foreign country, to protect both her country's interests and citizens living abroad. If you're an American living in Poland, take your troubles to the American consul. In ancient Rome, there were two consuls elected every year to be in charge of the whole city. Like many words, this one developed new meanings and spellings.
They have the honor to serve their respected country and they are usually selected/appointed by their merits. Career consuls, on the other hand, are professional salaried diplomats that are posted by the government of their native countries in another foreign country for a limited time, usually three to five years. Career consuls are authorized to basically conduct all kind of diplomatic matters and services.