Word Origin and History for mesopotamian. ancient name for the land that lies between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (in modern Iraq), from Greek mesopotamia (khora), literally a country between two rivers, from fem. of mesopotamos, from mesos middle (see medial (adj.)) + potamos river (see potamo-).
Monogenic forms, caused by a single mutation in a dominantly or recessively inherited gene, are well-established, albeit relatively rare types of PD. They collectively account for about 30% of the familial and 3%â5% of the sporadic cases.
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are both caused by mutations on multiple genes, making them polygenic. In monogenic forms, however, only one gene is responsible. That gene contains one or more mutations that inhibit the functioning of insulin-secreting pancreatic cells.