In ADSL, the data throughput in the upstream direction (the direction to the service provider) is lower, hence the designation of asymmetric service. In symmetric digital subscriber line (SDSL) services, the downstream and upstream data rates are equal. Researchers at Bell Labs have reached speeds of 10 Gbit/s, while delivering 1 Gbit/s symmetrical broadband access services using traditional copper telephone lines.
OSS ILS refers to Open Source Software Integrated Library Systems. The open source software movement is based on the belief that users should have access to the source code of the software they use. Users are generally free to use, modify, and redistribute the software back to the community.
Open-source software also allows developers to âstand on the shoulders of giantsâ and create their own software. Witness Android and Chrome OS, which are operating systems built on Linux and other open-source software. The core of Appleâs OS X â and therefor iOS â was built on open-source code, too.