1 We defined undercooking as cooking to less than 155Â°F because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food Code says that restaurants should cook ground beef to 155Â°F for 15 seconds. 2  We also looked at whether restaurants used a thermometer to check final temperatures of hamburgers. Undercooking of ground beef. 2  We defined undercooking as cooking to less than 155Â°F because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food Code says that restaurants should cook ground beef to 155Â°F for 15 seconds.
smithsonian.com. David J. Skorton, president of Cornell University, a cardiologist and a jazz musician, was named the 13th Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution today. He will succeed current secretary G. Wayne Clough, who will retire at the end of this year.
For the next eight years, Congress debated what to do with the estate. Finally President James K. Polk signed the legislation Aug. 10, 1846, that established the Smithsonian Institution as a trust to be administered by a Board of Regents and a Secretary of the Smithsonian.