Replication Data for: Negative Campaigning and Vote Choice in Europe: How do Different Partisan Groups React to Campaign Attacks?
<|begin_of_text|><|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|> You are a research archivist expert in dataset metadata. Answer the question truthfully.  <|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|> Here is the Description of a dataset. Description:'Parties spend parts of their campaigns criticizing other parties’ performance and characteristics, such as honesty, integrity, unity. These attacks aim to affect the target parties’ electoral performance negatively. But do they work? We argue that while attacks are informative, how voters react to negative campaigning depends on their partisanship. While the target’s copartisans are more likely to get mobilized in favor of their party, the attacker’s copartisans are expected to punish the target, due to their respective partisan motivations. We expect different motivations to result in null effects of campaign attacks for other parties’ partisans and nonpartisans. Combining a new dataset on campaign rhetoric with survey data from eight European countries, we show support for most but not all of our expectations. These results have impor' . Please return only a json list of at most 3 Keywords corresponding to the Description:.<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|> {"Answer" : ["negative campaigning, valence, attacks, partisans"]} <|eot_id|>
 Here is the Description of a dataset. Description:'Parties spend parts of their campaigns criticizing other parties’ performance and characteristics, such as honesty, integrity, unity. These attacks aim to affect the target parties’ electoral performance negatively. But do they work? We argue that while attacks are informative, how voters react to negative campaigning depends on their partisanship. While the target’s copartisans are more likely to get mobilized in favor of their party, the attacker’s copartisans are expected to punish the target, due to their respective partisan motivations. We expect different motivations to result in null effects of campaign attacks for other parties’ partisans and nonpartisans. Combining a new dataset on campaign rhetoric with survey data from eight European countries, we show support for most but not all of our expectations. These results have impor' . Please return only a json list of at most 3 Keywords corresponding to the Description:.
Parties spend parts of their campaigns criticizing other parties’ performance and characteristics, such as honesty, integrity, unity. These attacks aim to affect the target parties’ electoral performance negatively. But do they work? We argue that while attacks are informative, how voters react to negative campaigning depends on their partisanship. While the target’s copartisans are more likely to get mobilized in favor of their party, the attacker’s copartisans are expected to punish the target, due to their respective partisan motivations. We expect different motivations to result in null effects of campaign attacks for other parties’ partisans and nonpartisans. Combining a new dataset on campaign rhetoric with survey data from eight European countries, we show support for most but not all of our expectations. These results have impor
negative campaigning, valence, attacks, partisans