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constellaration

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neurips
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metadata
dataset_info:
  - config_name: full_flat
    features:
      - name: boundary.n_field_periods
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.is_stellarator_symmetric
        dtype: bool
      - name: boundary.r_cos(0, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(0, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(0, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(0, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(0, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, -4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, -3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, -2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, -1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(1, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, -4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, -3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, -2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, -1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(2, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, -4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, -3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, -2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, -1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(3, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, -4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, -3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, -2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, -1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.r_cos(4, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(0, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(0, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(0, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(0, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, -4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, -3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, -2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, -1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(1, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, -4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, -3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, -2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, -1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(2, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, -4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, -3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, -2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, -1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(3, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, -4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, -3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, -2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, -1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, 0)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, 1)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, 2)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, 3)
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.z_sin(4, 4)
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.qi
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.vacuum_well
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.aspect_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.max_elongation
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.average_triangularity
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.axis_magnetic_mirror_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.edge_magnetic_mirror_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.aspect_ratio_over_edge_rotational_transform
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.flux_compression_in_regions_of_bad_curvature
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.axis_rotational_transform_over_n_field_periods
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.edge_rotational_transform_over_n_field_periods
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.minimum_normalized_magnetic_gradient_scale_length
        dtype: float64
      - name: metrics.id
        dtype: string
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.aspect_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.major_radius
        dtype: float64
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.max_elongation
        dtype: float64
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.rotational_transform
        dtype: float64
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.id
        dtype: string
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.x_lmn
        sequence:
          sequence:
            sequence: float64
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.n_field_periods
        dtype: int64
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.poloidal_winding
        dtype: int64
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.torodial_winding
        dtype: int64
      - name: >-
          omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.modB_spline_knot_coefficients
        sequence:
          sequence: float64
      - name: desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
        dtype: string
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.elongation_settings.name
        dtype: string
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.elongation_settings.weight
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.elongation_settings.target_kind
        dtype: string
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.name
        dtype: string
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.weight
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.eta_weight
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.eq_lcfs_grid_rho
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.eq_lcfs_grid_M_factor
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.eq_lcfs_grid_N_factor
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.aspect_ratio_settings.name
        dtype: string
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.aspect_ratio_settings.weight
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.aspect_ratio_settings.target_kind
        dtype: string
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.rotational_transform_settings.name
        dtype: string
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.rotational_transform_settings.weight
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.rotational_transform_settings.target_kind
        dtype: string
      - name: desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.optimizer_settings.name
        dtype: string
      - name: desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.optimizer_settings.maxiter
        dtype: float64
      - name: desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.optimizer_settings.verbose
        dtype: float64
      - name: desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.equilibrium_settings.psi
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.equilibrium_settings.check_orientation
        dtype: bool
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.equilibrium_settings.max_poloidal_mode
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.equilibrium_settings.max_toroidal_mode
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.torsion
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.elongation
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.aspect_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.major_radius
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.mirror_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.n_field_periods
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.is_iota_positive
        dtype: bool
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.is_stellarator_symmetric
        dtype: bool
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.max_elongation
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.max_poloidal_mode
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.max_toroidal_mode
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.rotational_transform
        dtype: float64
      - name: vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.verbose
        dtype: bool
      - name: vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_poloidal_mode
        dtype: float64
      - name: vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_toroidal_mode
        dtype: float64
      - name: vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.n_inner_optimizations
        dtype: float64
      - name: vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.gradient_free_max_time
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.infinity_norm_spectrum_scaling
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.gradient_free_budget_per_design_variable
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.use_continuation_method_in_fourier_space
        dtype: bool
      - name: >-
          vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.gradient_free_optimization_hypercube_bounds
        dtype: float64
      - name: >-
          vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.gradient_based_relative_objectives_tolerance
        dtype: float64
      - name: vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
        dtype: string
      - name: qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.torsion
        dtype: float64
      - name: qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.elongation
        dtype: float64
      - name: qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.aspect_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.major_radius
        dtype: float64
      - name: qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.mirror_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.n_field_periods
        dtype: float64
      - name: qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.is_iota_positive
        dtype: bool
      - name: >-
          qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.is_stellarator_symmetric
        dtype: bool
      - name: qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
        dtype: string
      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.aspect_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.mirror_ratio
        dtype: float64
      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_elongation
        dtype: float64
      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.n_field_periods
        dtype: float64
      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_poloidal_mode
        dtype: float64
      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_toroidal_mode
        dtype: float64
      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.rotational_transform
        dtype: float64
      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
        dtype: string
      - name: misc.vmecpp_wout_id
        dtype: string
      - name: misc.has_optimize_boundary_omnigenity_vmec_error
        dtype: bool
      - name: misc.has_optimize_boundary_omnigenity_desc_error
        dtype: bool
      - name: misc.has_generate_qp_initialization_from_targets_error
        dtype: bool
      - name: misc.has_generate_nae_initialization_from_targets_error
        dtype: bool
      - name: misc.has_neurips_2025_forward_model_error
        dtype: bool
      - name: plasma_config_id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: train
        num_bytes: 431253433
        num_examples: 182222
    download_size: 239021787
    dataset_size: 431253433
  - config_name: full_json
    features:
      - name: boundary.n_field_periods
        dtype: float64
      - name: boundary.is_stellarator_symmetric
        dtype: bool
      - name: boundary.surface
        dtype: string
      - name: metrics.id
        dtype: string
      - name: metrics.metrics
        dtype: string
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.id
        dtype: string
      - name: omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigious_field_and_targets
        dtype: string
      - name: desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
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      - name: >-
          desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings
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      - name: vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
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      - name: >-
          vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings
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      - name: >-
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      - name: nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
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      - name: >-
          nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings
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      - name: misc.vmecpp_wout_id
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      - name: misc.has_optimize_boundary_omnigenity_vmec_error
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      - name: misc.has_optimize_boundary_omnigenity_desc_error
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      - name: misc.has_generate_qp_initialization_from_targets_error
        dtype: bool
      - name: misc.has_generate_nae_initialization_from_targets_error
        dtype: bool
      - name: misc.has_neurips_2025_forward_model_error
        dtype: bool
      - name: plasma_config_id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: train
        num_bytes: 798346097
        num_examples: 182222
    download_size: 385377661
    dataset_size: 798346097
  - config_name: vmecpp_ideal_mhd_equilibria
    features:
      - name: plasma_config_id
        dtype: string
      - name: vmecpp_wout_id
        dtype: string
      - name: vmecpp_wout_json
        dtype: string
      - name: __index_level_0__
        dtype: int64
    splits:
      - name: train
        num_bytes: 1373486837
        num_examples: 324
    download_size: 956063943
    dataset_size: 1373486837
configs:
  - config_name: full_flat
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: full_flat/train-*
  - config_name: full_json
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: full_json/train-*
  - config_name: vmecpp_ideal_mhd_equilibria
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: vmecpp_ideal_mhd_equilibria/part-*
license: mit
language:
  - en
tags:
  - physics
  - fusion
  - optimization
  - neurips
pretty_name: ConStellaration
size_categories:
  - 10K<n<100K

Dataset Card for ConStellaration

A dataset of diverse quasi-isodynamic (QI) stellarator boundary shapes with corresponding performance metrics and ideal magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) equilibria, as well as settings for their generation.

Dataset Details

Dataset Description

Stellarators are magnetic confinement devices that are being pursued to deliver steady-state carbon-free fusion energy. Their design involves a high-dimensional, constrained optimization problem that requires expensive physics simulations and significant domain expertise. Specifically, QI-stellarators are seen as a promising path to commercial fusion due to their intrinsic avoidance of current-driven disruptions. With the release of this dataset, we aim to lower the barrier for optimization and machine learning researchers to contribute to stellarator design, and to accelerate cross-disciplinary progress toward bringing fusion energy to the grid.

  • Curated by: Proxima Fusion
  • License: MIT

Diagram of the computation of metrics of interest from a plasma boundary via the MHD equilibrium

Dataset Sources

Uses

Basic Usage

Load the dataset and convert to a Pandas Dataframe:

import datasets

full_flat_ds = datasets.load_dataset("proxima-fusion/constellaration", "full_flat")["train"]
full_flat_df = full_flat_ds.to_pandas().set_index("plasma_config_id")

for column in full_flat_df.columns:
    print(column)
Output 
boundary.n_field_periods
boundary.is_stellarator_symmetric
boundary.r_cos(0, 0)
boundary.r_cos(0, 1)
boundary.r_cos(0, 2)
boundary.r_cos(0, 3)
boundary.r_cos(0, 4)
boundary.r_cos(1, -4)
boundary.r_cos(1, -3)
boundary.r_cos(1, -2)
boundary.r_cos(1, -1)
boundary.r_cos(1, 0)
boundary.r_cos(1, 1)
boundary.r_cos(1, 2)
boundary.r_cos(1, 3)
boundary.r_cos(1, 4)
boundary.r_cos(2, -4)
boundary.r_cos(2, -3)
boundary.r_cos(2, -2)
boundary.r_cos(2, -1)
boundary.r_cos(2, 0)
boundary.r_cos(2, 1)
boundary.r_cos(2, 2)
boundary.r_cos(2, 3)
boundary.r_cos(2, 4)
boundary.r_cos(3, -4)
boundary.r_cos(3, -3)
boundary.r_cos(3, -2)
boundary.r_cos(3, -1)
boundary.r_cos(3, 0)
boundary.r_cos(3, 1)
boundary.r_cos(3, 2)
boundary.r_cos(3, 3)
boundary.r_cos(3, 4)
boundary.r_cos(4, -4)
boundary.r_cos(4, -3)
boundary.r_cos(4, -2)
boundary.r_cos(4, -1)
boundary.r_cos(4, 0)
boundary.r_cos(4, 1)
boundary.r_cos(4, 2)
boundary.r_cos(4, 3)
boundary.r_cos(4, 4)
boundary.z_sin(0, 1)
boundary.z_sin(0, 2)
boundary.z_sin(0, 3)
boundary.z_sin(0, 4)
boundary.z_sin(1, -4)
boundary.z_sin(1, -3)
boundary.z_sin(1, -2)
boundary.z_sin(1, -1)
boundary.z_sin(1, 0)
boundary.z_sin(1, 1)
boundary.z_sin(1, 2)
boundary.z_sin(1, 3)
boundary.z_sin(1, 4)
boundary.z_sin(2, -4)
boundary.z_sin(2, -3)
boundary.z_sin(2, -2)
boundary.z_sin(2, -1)
boundary.z_sin(2, 0)
boundary.z_sin(2, 1)
boundary.z_sin(2, 2)
boundary.z_sin(2, 3)
boundary.z_sin(2, 4)
boundary.z_sin(3, -4)
boundary.z_sin(3, -3)
boundary.z_sin(3, -2)
boundary.z_sin(3, -1)
boundary.z_sin(3, 0)
boundary.z_sin(3, 1)
boundary.z_sin(3, 2)
boundary.z_sin(3, 3)
boundary.z_sin(3, 4)
boundary.z_sin(4, -4)
boundary.z_sin(4, -3)
boundary.z_sin(4, -2)
boundary.z_sin(4, -1)
boundary.z_sin(4, 0)
boundary.z_sin(4, 1)
boundary.z_sin(4, 2)
boundary.z_sin(4, 3)
boundary.z_sin(4, 4)
metrics.qi
metrics.vacuum_well
metrics.aspect_ratio
metrics.max_elongation
metrics.average_triangularity
metrics.axis_magnetic_mirror_ratio
metrics.edge_magnetic_mirror_ratio
metrics.aspect_ratio_over_edge_rotational_transform
metrics.flux_compression_in_regions_of_bad_curvature
metrics.axis_rotational_transform_over_n_field_periods
metrics.edge_rotational_transform_over_n_field_periods
metrics.minimum_normalized_magnetic_gradient_scale_length
metrics.id
omnigenous_field_and_targets.aspect_ratio
omnigenous_field_and_targets.major_radius
omnigenous_field_and_targets.max_elongation
omnigenous_field_and_targets.rotational_transform
omnigenous_field_and_targets.id
omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.x_lmn
omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.n_field_periods
omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.poloidal_winding
omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.torodial_winding
omnigenous_field_and_targets.omnigenous_field.modB_spline_knot_coefficients
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.elongation_settings.name
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.elongation_settings.weight
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.elongation_settings.target_kind
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.name
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.weight
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.eta_weight
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.eq_lcfs_grid_rho
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.eq_lcfs_grid_M_factor
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.omnigenity_settings.eq_lcfs_grid_N_factor
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.aspect_ratio_settings.name
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.aspect_ratio_settings.weight
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.aspect_ratio_settings.target_kind
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.rotational_transform_settings.name
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.rotational_transform_settings.weight
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.objective_settings.rotational_transform_settings.target_kind
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.optimizer_settings.name
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.optimizer_settings.maxiter
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.optimizer_settings.verbose
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.equilibrium_settings.psi
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.equilibrium_settings.check_orientation
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.equilibrium_settings.max_poloidal_mode
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.equilibrium_settings.max_toroidal_mode
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.torsion
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.elongation
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.aspect_ratio
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.major_radius
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.mirror_ratio
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.n_field_periods
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.is_iota_positive
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.is_stellarator_symmetric
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.max_elongation
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.max_poloidal_mode
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.max_toroidal_mode
desc_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.initial_guess_settings.rotational_transform
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.verbose
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_poloidal_mode
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_toroidal_mode
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.n_inner_optimizations
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.gradient_free_max_time
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.infinity_norm_spectrum_scaling
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.gradient_free_budget_per_design_variable
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.use_continuation_method_in_fourier_space
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.gradient_free_optimization_hypercube_bounds
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.gradient_based_relative_objectives_tolerance
vmec_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.torsion
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.elongation
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.aspect_ratio
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.major_radius
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.mirror_ratio
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.n_field_periods
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.is_iota_positive
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.is_stellarator_symmetric
qp_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.aspect_ratio
nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.mirror_ratio
nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_elongation
nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.n_field_periods
nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_poloidal_mode
nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.max_toroidal_mode
nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.rotational_transform
nae_init_omnigenous_field_optimization_settings.id
misc.vmecpp_wout_id
misc.has_optimize_boundary_omnigenity_vmec_error
misc.has_optimize_boundary_omnigenity_desc_error
misc.has_generate_qp_initialization_from_targets_error
misc.has_generate_nae_initialization_from_targets_error
misc.has_neurips_2025_forward_model_error

Advanced Usage

Install constellaration from here.

Load and instantiate plasma boundaries:

import datasets
from constellaration.geometry import surface_rz_fourier

full_json_ds = datasets.load_dataset("proxima-fusion/constellaration", "full_json", streaming=True)["train"]

for batch in full_json_ds.iter(batch_size=1):
    boundary_json = batch["boundary.surface"][0]
    boundary = surface_rz_fourier.SurfaceRZFourier.model_validate_json(boundary_json)
    break

print(boundary)

Stream and instantiate the VMEC ideal MHD equilibria:

import datasets
from research.neurips_2025.open_source.mhd import vmec_utils

ds = datasets.load_dataset("proxima-fusion/constellaration", "vmecpp_ideal_mhd_equilibria", streaming=True)["train"]

for batch in ds.filter(lambda row: row["vmecpp_wout_json"] is not None).iter(batch_size=1):
    vmecpp_wout_json = batch["vmecpp_wout_json"][0]
    vmecpp_wout = vmec_utils.VmecppWOut.model_validate_json(vmecpp_wout_json)
    break

print(vmecpp_wout.n_field_periods)

Dataset Structure

The dataset consists of 2 tabular parts. Both parts have a column plasma_config_id in common which can be used to associate respective entries.

1. full_json/full_flat

Contains information about:

  • plasma boundaries
  • ideal MHD metrics
  • omnigenous field and targets, used as input for sampling of plasma boundaries
  • sampling settings for various methods (DESC, VMEC, QP initialization, Near-axis expansion)
  • Miscellaneous information about errors that might have occurred during sampling or metrics computation.

The full_json variant of the dataset contains for each of the components listed about an identifier column (ending with .id), as well as a JSON column.

The full_flat variant contains the same information as full_json but with all JSON columns flattened into one column per leaf in the nested JSON structure (with . separating the keys on the JSON path to the respective leaf).

2. vmecpp_ideal_mhd_equilibria

Contain for each plasma boundary a JSON representations of the "WOut" file as obtained when running VMEC++ initialized on the boundary. The JSON representation can be converted to a VMEC2000 output file.

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

Wide-spread community progress is currently bottlenecked by the lack of standardized optimization problems with strong baselines and datasets that enable data-driven approaches, particularly for quasi-isodynamic (QI) stellarator configurations.

Source Data

Data Collection and Processing

We generated this dataset by sampling diverse QI fields and optimizing stellarator plasma boundaries to target key properties, using four different methods.

Who are the source data producers?

Proxima Fusion's stellarator optimization team.

Personal and Sensitive Information

The dataset contains no personally identifiable information.

Citation [optional]

BibTeX:

[not published yet]

Glossary [optional]

Abbreviation Expansion
QI Quasi-Isodynamic(ity)
MHD Magneto-Hydrodynamic
DESC Dynamical Equilibrium Solver for Confinement
VMEC Variational Moments Equilibrium Code
QP Quasi-Poloidal
NAE Near-Axis Expansion
NFP Number of Field Periods

Dataset Card Authors [optional]

Alexander Bauer, Santiago A. Cadena

Dataset Card Contact

[email protected]