How to Find Commercial Real Estate Investors?
Join a real estate investor Association. A great way to get in touch with the right investors is networking. By meeting local commercial property investors, you ...
real estate
The commercial <anchor>real estate</anchor> industry is a reliable sector to earn income without much effort. However, there are many misconceptions like you have to start small with the investment or maybe flip or wholesaler a few years before you move ahead with huge Investments. Many people suggest using small money to build up and then do bigger deals later. Most newbie investors think that they need to use their own money to invest in multi-family properties. However, this is not the reality. In case one does not have the funds for the investment, then there are options available. You can either get in touch with commercial real estate hard money lenders to get the necessary funding for your project, or you can contact the investors to invest in your project.
Real estate - Wikipedia
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## Contents

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- [1History of real estate](#History_of_real_estate)
- [2Residential real estate](#Residential_real_estate)
- [3Real estate and the environment](#Real_estate_and_the_environment)
- [4Investment and development](#Investment_and_development)
- [5Professionals](#Professionals)
- [6See also](#See_also)
- [7References](#References)
- [8External links](#External_links)

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# Real estate

65 languages

- [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1_(%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86) "عقار (قانون) – Arabic")
- [Asturianu](https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmueble "Inmueble – Asturian")
- [Azərbaycanca](https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%C5%9F%C4%B1nmaz_%C9%99mlak "Daşınmaz əmlak – Azerbaijani")
- [閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú](https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Put-t%C5%8Dng-s%C3%A1n "Put-tōng-sán – Minnan")
- [Башҡортса](https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D2%BB%D0%B5%D2%99_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%82 "Күсемһеҙ мөлкәт – Bashkir")
- [Беларуская](https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C "Нерухомасць – Belarusian")
- [Български](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82 "Недвижима собственост – Bulgarian")
- [Català](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immoble "Immoble – Catalan")
- [Чӑвашла](https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%C3%A7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85 "Куçман пурлăх – Chuvash")
- [Čeština](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemovit%C3%A1_v%C4%9Bc "Nemovitá věc – Czech")
- [Dansk](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_ejendom "Fast ejendom – Danish")
- [Deutsch](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immobilie "Immobilie – German")
- [Eesti](https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinnisvara "Kinnisvara – Estonian")
- [Ελληνικά](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF "Ακίνητο – Greek")
- [Español](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmueble "Inmueble – Spanish")
- [Esperanto](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemovebla%C4%B5o "Nemoveblaĵo – Esperanto")
- [Euskara](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondasun_higiezin "Ondasun higiezin – Basque")
- [فارسی](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A9_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA "املاک و مستغلات – Persian")
- [Français](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bien_immobilier "Bien immobilier – French")
- [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EB%8F%99%EC%82%B0 "부동산 – Korean")
- [Հայերեն](https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AA_%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D6%84 "Անշարժ գույք – Armenian")
- [हिन्दी](https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE "स्थावर सम्पदा – Hindi")
- [Hrvatski](https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nekretnina "Nekretnina – Croatian")
- [Ido](https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imoblo "Imoblo – Ido")
- [Bahasa Indonesia](https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahan_yasan "Lahan yasan – Indonesian")
- [Íslenska](https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasteign "Fasteign – Icelandic")
- [Italiano](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bene_immobile "Bene immobile – Italian")
- [עברית](https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9F "מקרקעין – Hebrew")
- [ಕನ್ನಡ](https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF "ಸ್ಥಿರಾಸ್ತಿ – Kannada")
- [ქართული](https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%98 "უძრავი ნივთი – Georgian")
- [Қазақша](https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA "Жылжымайтын мүлік – Kazakh")
- [Latina](https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immobile "Immobile – Latin")
- [Latviešu](https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nekustamais_%C4%ABpa%C5%A1ums "Nekustamais īpašums – Latvian")
- [Lietuvių](https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nekilnojamasis_turtas "Nekilnojamasis turtas – Lithuanian")
- [Limburgs](https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immobili%C3%AB "Immobilië – Limburgish")
- [Magyar](https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingatlan "Ingatlan – Hungarian")
- [Македонски](https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8 "Недвижности – Macedonian")
- [Bahasa Melayu](https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartanah "Hartanah – Malay")
- [Монгол](https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%B4%D0%BB%D3%A9%D1%85_%D1%85%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D3%A9 "Үл хөдлөх хөрөнгө – Mongolian")
- [Nederlands](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vastgoed "Vastgoed – Dutch")
- [日本語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8B%95%E7%94%A3 "不動産 – Japanese")
- [Norsk bokmål](https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_eiendom "Fast eiendom – Norwegian Bokmål")
- [Norsk nynorsk](https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_eigedom "Fast eigedom – Norwegian Nynorsk")
- [Polski](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nieruchomo%C5%9B%C4%87 "Nieruchomość – Polish")
- [Português](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Im%C3%B3vel "Imóvel – Portuguese")
- [Русский](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C "Недвижимость – Russian")
- [Shqip](https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasuria_e_paluajtshme "Pasuria e paluajtshme – Albanian")
- [Simple English](https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_property "Real property – Simple English")
- [Slovenčina](https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nehnute%C4%BEnos%C5%A5 "Nehnuteľnosť – Slovak")
- [Slovenščina](https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepremi%C4%8Dnina "Nepremičnina – Slovenian")
- [Soomaaliga](https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanti_maguurto "Hanti maguurto – Somali")
- [Српски / srpski](https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0 "Некретнина – Serbian")
- [Suomi](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiinteist%C3%B6 "Kiinteistö – Finnish")
- [Svenska](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastighet "Fastighet – Swedish")
- [தமிழ்](https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81 "அசையாச் சொத்து – Tamil")
- [Татарча / tatarça](https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%82 "Күчемсез мөлкәт – Tatar")
- [తెలుగు](https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B5_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF "వాస్తవ ఆస్తి – Telugu")
- [ไทย](https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C "อสังหาริมทรัพย์ – Thai")
- [Türkçe](https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emlak "Emlak – Turkish")
- [Українська](https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C "Нерухомість – Ukrainian")
- [Tiếng Việt](https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A5t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_s%E1%BA%A3n "Bất động sản – Vietnamese")
- [吴语](https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8A%A8%E4%BA%A7 "不动产 – Wu")
- [ייִדיש](https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%A1 "גרונטייגנס – Yiddish")
- [粵語](https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%BF%E5%9C%B0%E7%94%A2 "房地產 – Cantonese")
- [中文](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8B%95%E7%94%A2 "不動產 – Chinese")

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Subset of land that has been legally defined and the improvements to it made by human efforts

For the legal concept, see [Real property](/wiki/Real_property "Real property"). For other uses, see [Real Estate (disambiguation)](/wiki/Real_Estate_(disambiguation) "Real Estate (disambiguation)").

![Globe icon.](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/48px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png)

The examples and perspective in this article **may not represent a [worldwide view](/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias "Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias") of the subject**. You may [improve this article](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Real_estate&action=edit), discuss the issue on the [talk page](/wiki/Talk:Real_estate "Talk:Real estate"), or [create a new article](/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard "Wikipedia:Article wizard"), as appropriate._(March 2023)__([Learn how and when to remove this message](/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal "Help:Maintenance template removal"))_

[Property law](/wiki/Property_law "Property law")[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Property_Law_-_Gavel_and_Block_and_House_Keys.jpg/150px-Property_Law_-_Gavel_and_Block_and_House_Keys.jpg)](/wiki/File:Property_Law_-_Gavel_and_Block_and_House_Keys.jpg)
Part of the [common law](/wiki/Common_law "Common law") series
Types

- [Personal property](/wiki/Personal_property "Personal property")
- [Community property](/wiki/Community_property "Community property")
- [Real property](/wiki/Real_property "Real property")
- [Unowned property](/wiki/Unowned_property "Unowned property")

Acquisition

- [Gift](/wiki/Gift_(law) "Gift (law)")
- [Adverse possession](/wiki/Adverse_possession "Adverse possession")
- [Deed](/wiki/Deed "Deed")
- [Conquest](/wiki/Right_of_conquest "Right of conquest")
- [Discovery](/wiki/Discovery_doctrine "Discovery doctrine")
- [Accession](/wiki/Accession_(property_law) "Accession (property law)")
- [Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property](/wiki/Lost,_mislaid,_and_abandoned_property "Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property")
- [Treasure trove](/wiki/Treasure_trove "Treasure trove")
- [Bailment](/wiki/Bailment "Bailment")
- [License](/wiki/License "License")
- [Alienation](/wiki/Alienation_(property_law) "Alienation (property law)")

[Estates in land](/wiki/Estate_in_land "Estate in land")

- [Allodial title](/wiki/Allodial_title "Allodial title")
- [Fee simple](/wiki/Fee_simple "Fee simple")
- [Fee tail](/wiki/Fee_tail "Fee tail")
- [Life estate](/wiki/Life_estate "Life estate")
- [Defeasible estate](/wiki/Defeasible_estate "Defeasible estate")
- [Future interest](/wiki/Future_interest "Future interest")
  - [remainder](/wiki/Remainder_(law) "Remainder (law)")
- [Concurrent estate](/wiki/Concurrent_estate "Concurrent estate")
- [Leasehold estate](/wiki/Leasehold_estate "Leasehold estate")
- [Condominiums](/wiki/Condominium_(living_space) "Condominium (living space)")
- Real estate
- [Land tenure](/wiki/Land_tenure "Land tenure")

[Conveyancing](/wiki/Conveyancing "Conveyancing")

- [_Bona fide_ purchaser](/wiki/Bona_fide_purchaser "Bona fide purchaser")
- [Torrens title](/wiki/Torrens_title "Torrens title")
- [Strata title](/wiki/Strata_title "Strata title")
- [Deeds registration](/wiki/Deeds_registration "Deeds registration")
- [Estoppel by deed](/wiki/Estoppel_by_deed "Estoppel by deed")
- [Quitclaim deed](/wiki/Quitclaim "Quitclaim")
- [Mortgage](/wiki/Mortgage_law "Mortgage law")
- [Equitable conversion](/wiki/Equitable_conversion "Equitable conversion")
- [Action to quiet title](/wiki/Quiet_title "Quiet title")
- [Escheat](/wiki/Escheat "Escheat")

[Future use](/wiki/Future_interest "Future interest") control

- [Restraint on alienation](/wiki/Restraint_on_alienation "Restraint on alienation")
- [Rule against perpetuities](/wiki/Rule_against_perpetuities "Rule against perpetuities")
- [Rule in _Shelley's Case_](/wiki/Rule_in_Shelley%27s_Case "Rule in Shelley's Case")
- [Doctrine of worthier title](/wiki/Doctrine_of_worthier_title "Doctrine of worthier title")

[Nonpossessory interest](/wiki/Nonpossessory_interest_in_land "Nonpossessory interest in land")

- [Lien](/wiki/Lien "Lien")
- [Easement](/wiki/Easement "Easement")
- [Profit](/wiki/Profit_(real_property) "Profit (real property)")
- [Usufruct](/wiki/Usufruct "Usufruct")
- [Covenant](/wiki/Covenant_(law) "Covenant (law)")
- [Equitable servitude](/wiki/Equitable_servitude "Equitable servitude")

Related topics

- [Fixtures](/wiki/Fixture_(property_law) "Fixture (property law)")
- [Waste](/wiki/Waste_(law) "Waste (law)")
- [Partition](/wiki/Partition_(law) "Partition (law)")
- [Practicing without a license](/wiki/Practicing_without_a_license "Practicing without a license")
- [Property rights](/wiki/Property_rights_(economics) "Property rights (economics)")
- [Mineral rights](/wiki/Mineral_rights "Mineral rights")
- [Water rights](/wiki/Water_right "Water right")
  - [prior appropriation](/wiki/Prior-appropriation_water_rights "Prior-appropriation water rights")
  - [riparian](/wiki/Riparian_water_rights "Riparian water rights")
- [Lateral and subjacent support](/wiki/Lateral_and_subjacent_support "Lateral and subjacent support")
- [Assignment](/wiki/Assignment_(law) "Assignment (law)")
- _[Nemo dat](/wiki/Nemo_dat_quod_non_habet "Nemo dat quod non habet")_
- _[Quicquid plantatur](/wiki/Quicquid_plantatur_solo,_solo_cedit "Quicquid plantatur solo, solo cedit")_
- [Conflict of property laws](/wiki/Conflict_of_property_laws "Conflict of property laws")
- [Blackacre](/wiki/Blackacre "Blackacre")
- [Security deposit](/wiki/Security_deposit "Security deposit")

Other [common law](/wiki/Common_law "Common law") areas

- [Contract law](/wiki/Contract "Contract")
- [Tort law](/wiki/Tort "Tort")
- [Wills](/wiki/Will_(law) "Will (law)"), [trusts](/wiki/Trust_law "Trust law") and [estates](/wiki/Administration_(probate_law) "Administration (probate law)")
- [Criminal law](/wiki/Criminal_law "Criminal law")
- [Evidence](/wiki/Evidence_(law) "Evidence (law)")

* * *

_Higher category:_ [Law](/wiki/Law "Law") and [Common law](/wiki/Common_law "Common law")

- [v](/wiki/Template:Property_law "Template:Property law")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Property_law "Template talk:Property law")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Property_law "Special:EditPage/Template:Property law")

**Real estate** is property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its [natural resources](/wiki/Natural_resource "Natural resource") such as growing crops (e.g. timber), minerals or water, and wild animals; immovable property of this nature; an interest vested in this (also) an item of [real property](/wiki/Real_property "Real property"), (more generally) buildings or [housing](/wiki/Housing "Housing") in general.[\[1\]](#cite_note-ReferenceA2-1)[\[2\]](#cite_note-2) In terms of law, _real_ relates to land property and is different from [personal property](/wiki/Personal_property "Personal property") while _estate_ means the "interest" a person has in that land property.[\[3\]](#cite_note-:0-3)

Real estate is different from personal property, which is not permanently attached to the land (or comes with the land), such as vehicles, boats, jewelry, furniture, tools, and the rolling stock of a [farm](/wiki/Farm "Farm") and farm animals.

In the United States, the transfer, owning, or acquisition of real estate can be through business corporations, individuals, nonprofit corporations, fiduciaries, or any legal entity as seen within the law of each U.S. state.[\[3\]](#cite_note-:0-3)

## History of real estate

The natural right of a person to own property as a concept can be seen as having roots in Roman law as well as Greek philosophy.[\[4\]](#cite_note-4) The profession of appraisal can be seen as beginning in England during the 1500s as agricultural needs required land clearing and land preparation. Textbooks on the subject of surveying began to be written and the term "surveying" was used in England, while the term "appraising" was more used in North America.[\[5\]](#cite_note-5) [Natural law](/wiki/Natural_law "Natural law") which can be seen as "universal law" was discussed among writers of the 15th and 16th century as it pertained to "property theory" and the inter-state relations dealing with foreign investments and the protection of citizens private property abroad. Natural law can be seen as having an influence in [Emerich de Vattel](/wiki/Emer_de_Vattel "Emer de Vattel")'s 1758 treatise _[The Law of Nations](/wiki/The_Law_of_Nations "The Law of Nations")_ which conceptualized the idea of private property.[\[6\]](#cite_note-6)

One of the largest initial real estate deals in history known as the " [Louisiana Purchase](/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase "Louisiana Purchase")" happened in 1803 when the Louisiana Purchase Treaty was signed. This treaty paved the way for western expansion and made the U.S. the owners of the " [Louisiana Territory](/wiki/Louisiana_Territory "Louisiana Territory")" as the land was bought from France for fifteen million, making each acre roughly 4 cents.[\[7\]](#cite_note-7) The oldest real estate brokerage firm was established in 1855 in Chicago, Illinois, and was initially known as "L. D. Olmsted & Co." but is now known as "Baird & Warner".[\[8\]](#cite_note-8) In 1908, the [National Association of Realtors](/wiki/National_Association_of_Realtors "National Association of Realtors") was founded in Chicago and in 1916, the name was changed to the National Association of Real Estate Boards and this was also when the term " [realtor](/wiki/Real_estate_agent "Real estate agent")" was coined to identify real estate professionals.[\[9\]](#cite_note-9)

The stock market crash of 1929 and the [Great Depression](/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States "Great Depression in the United States") in the U.S. caused a major drop in real estate worth and prices and ultimately resulted in depreciation of 50% for the four years after 1929.[\[10\]](#cite_note-10) Housing financing in the U.S. was greatly affected by the Banking Act of 1933 and the National Housing Act in 1934 because it allowed for mortgage insurance for home buyers and this system was implemented by the Federal Deposit Insurance as well as the Federal Housing Administration.[\[11\]](#cite_note-11) In 1938, an amendment was made to the National Housing Act and [Fannie Mae](/wiki/Fannie_Mae "Fannie Mae"), a government agency, was established to serve as a secondary market for mortgages and to give lenders more money in order for new homes to be funded.[\[12\]](#cite_note-12)

Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act in the U.S., which is also known as the Fair Housing Act, was put into place in 1968 and dealt with the incorporation of African Americans into neighborhoods as the issues of discrimination were analyzed with the renting, buying, and financing of homes.[\[13\]](#cite_note-13) [Internet real estate](/wiki/Internet_real_estate "Internet real estate") as a concept began with the first appearance of real estate platforms on the World Wide Web and occurred in 1999.

## Residential real estate

Residential real estate may contain either a single family or multifamily structure that is available for occupation or for non-business purposes.[\[14\]](#cite_note-14)

Residences can be classified by and how they are connected to neighbouring residences and land. Different types of housing tenure can be used for the same physical type. For example, connected residences might be owned by a single entity and leased out, or owned separately with an agreement covering the relationship between units and common areas and concerns.[\[15\]](#cite_note-15)

According to the Congressional Research Service, in 2021, 65% of homes in the U.S. are owned by the occupier.[\[16\]](#cite_note-16)

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gingerbread_House_Essex_CT.jpg/220px-Gingerbread_House_Essex_CT.jpg)](/wiki/File:Gingerbread_House_Essex_CT.jpg) Single-family detached house in [Essex, Connecticut](/wiki/Essex,_Connecticut "Essex, Connecticut"), United States[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Townhouses_in_Victoria_Australia.jpg/220px-Townhouses_in_Victoria_Australia.jpg)](/wiki/File:Townhouses_in_Victoria_Australia.jpg) Townhouses in [Victoria, Australia](/wiki/Victoria,_Australia "Victoria, Australia")Major categories

- Attached / multi-unit dwellings
  - [Apartment](/wiki/Apartment "Apartment") (American English) or [Flat](/wiki/Apartment "Apartment") (British English) – An individual unit in a multi-unit building. The boundaries of the apartment are generally defined by a perimeter of locked or lockable doors. Often seen in multi-story [apartment buildings](/wiki/Apartment_building "Apartment building").
  - [Multi-family house](/wiki/Multi-family_residential "Multi-family residential") – Often seen in multi-story detached buildings, where each floor is a separate apartment or unit.
  - [Terraced house](/wiki/Terraced_house "Terraced house") (a.k.a. _townhouse_ or _rowhouse_) – A number of single or multi-unit buildings in a continuous row with shared walls and no intervening space.
  - [Condominium](/wiki/Condominium "Condominium") (American English) – A building or complex, similar to apartments, owned by individuals. Common grounds and common areas within the complex are owned and shared jointly. In North America, there are _townhouse_ or _rowhouse_ style condominiums as well. The British equivalent is a block of flats.
  - [Housing cooperative](/wiki/Housing_cooperative "Housing cooperative") (a.k.a. co-op) – A type of multiple ownership in which the residents of a multi-unit housing complex own shares in the cooperative corporation that owns the property, giving each resident the right to occupy a specific apartment or unit. Majority of housing in Indian metro cities are of these types.
  - [Tenement](/wiki/Tenement "Tenement") is a type of building shared by multiple dwellings, typically with flats or apartments on each floor and with shared entrance stairway access found in Britain.
- [Semi-detached](/wiki/Semi-detached "Semi-detached") dwellings

  - [Duplex](/wiki/Duplex_(building) "Duplex (building)") – Two units with one shared wall.
- Detached dwellings
  - [Bungalows](/wiki/Bungalow "Bungalow")
  - [Split-level home](/wiki/Split-level_home "Split-level home")
  - [Mansions](/wiki/Mansion "Mansion")
  - [Villas](/wiki/Villa "Villa")
  - [Detached house](/wiki/Detached_house "Detached house") or [single-family detached house](/wiki/Single-family_detached_house "Single-family detached house")
  - [Cottages](/wiki/Cottage "Cottage")
- Portable dwellings
  - [Mobile homes](/wiki/Mobile_home "Mobile home"), [tiny homes](/wiki/Tiny_homes "Tiny homes"), or [residential caravans](/wiki/Residential_caravan "Residential caravan") – A full-time residence that can be (although might not in practice be) movable on wheels.
  - [Houseboats](/wiki/Houseboat "Houseboat") – A floating home
  - [Tents](/wiki/Tent "Tent") – Usually temporary, with roof and walls consisting only of fabric-like material.

Other categories

- [Chawls](/wiki/Chawl "Chawl")
- [Havelis](/wiki/Haveli "Haveli")
- [Igloos](/wiki/Igloos "Igloos")
- [Huts](/wiki/Hut "Hut")

The size of havelis and chawls is measured in Gaz (square yards), Quila, Marla, Beegha, and acre.

See [List of house types](/wiki/List_of_house_types "List of house types") for a complete listing of housing types and layouts, [real estate trends](/wiki/Real_estate_trends "Real estate trends") for shifts in the market, and [house](/wiki/House "House") or [home](/wiki/Home "Home") for more general information.

## Real estate and the environment

Real estate can be valued or devalued based on the amount of [environmental degradation](/wiki/Environmental_degradation "Environmental degradation") that has occurred. Environmental degradation can cause extreme health and safety risks. There is a growing demand for the use of [site assessments (ESAs)](/wiki/Phase_I_environmental_site_assessment "Phase I environmental site assessment") when valuing a property for both private and commercial real estate.[\[17\]](#cite_note-17)

[Environmental surveying](/wiki/Environmental_surveying "Environmental surveying") is made possible by environmental surveyors who examine the environmental factors present within the development of real estate as well as the impacts that development and real estate has on the environment.

[Green development](/wiki/Green_development "Green development") is a concept that has grown since the 1970s with the environmental movement and the [World Commission on Environment and Development.](/wiki/Brundtland_Commission "Brundtland Commission") Green development examines social and [environmental impacts](/wiki/Environmental_impact "Environmental impact") with real estate and building. There are 3 areas of focus, being the environmental responsiveness, [resource efficiency](/wiki/Resource_efficiency "Resource efficiency"), and the sensitivity of cultural and societal aspects. Examples of Green development are [green infrastructure](/wiki/Green_infrastructure "Green infrastructure"), [LEED](/wiki/LEED "LEED"), [conservation development](/wiki/Conservation_development "Conservation development"), and sustainability developments.

Real estate in itself has been measured as a contributing factor to the rise in green house gases. According to the International Energy Agency, real estate in 2019 was responsible for 39 percent of total emissions worldwide and 11 percent of those emissions were due to the manufacturing of materials used in buildings.[\[18\]](#cite_note-18)

## Investment and development

Main articles: [Real estate investing](/wiki/Real_estate_investing "Real estate investing") and [Real estate development](/wiki/Real_estate_development "Real estate development")

- [![Property for Sale in Victoria, Australia Sign. (left)](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/House_image_2024_b.jpg/120px-House_image_2024_b.jpg)](/wiki/File:House_image_2024_b.jpg "Property for Sale in Victoria, Australia Sign. (left)")

Property for Sale in Victoria, Australia Sign. (left)

- [![The Property in Victoria after it was sold as stated on sign](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Edithvale_home_b.jpg/120px-Edithvale_home_b.jpg)](/wiki/File:Edithvale_home_b.jpg "The Property in Victoria after it was sold as stated on sign")

The Property in Victoria after it was sold as stated on sign


[Investment in real estate](/wiki/Real_estate_investing "Real estate investing") can be categorized by [financial risk](/wiki/Financial_risk "Financial risk") into core, [value-added](/wiki/Value_investing "Value investing"), and [opportunistic](/wiki/Growth_investing "Growth investing").[\[19\]](#cite_note-19) [Real estate development](/wiki/Real_estate_development "Real estate development") can be less cyclical than real estate investing.[\[20\]](#cite_note-20)
In markets where land and building prices are rising, real estate is often purchased as an investment, whether or not the owner intends to use the property. Often investment properties are rented out, but " [flipping](/wiki/Flipping "Flipping")" involves quickly reselling a property, sometimes taking advantage of [arbitrage](/wiki/Arbitrage "Arbitrage") or quickly rising value, and sometimes after repairs are made that substantially raise the value of the property. Luxury real estate is sometimes used as a way to store value, especially by wealthy foreigners, without any particular attempt to rent it out. Some luxury units in London and New York City have been used as a way for corrupt foreign government officials and businesspeople from countries without strong [rule of law](/wiki/Rule_of_law "Rule of law") to [launder money](/wiki/Launder_money "Launder money") or to protect it from seizure.[\[21\]](#cite_note-21)

## Professionals

- [Real estate agent](/wiki/Real_estate_agent "Real estate agent") – North America
- [Estate agent](/wiki/Estate_agent "Estate agent") – United Kingdom

## See also

- [Environmental Surveying](/wiki/Environmental_Surveying "Environmental Surveying")
- [Green Development](/wiki/Green_Development "Green Development")
- [Phase I environmental site assessment](/wiki/Phase_I_environmental_site_assessment "Phase I environmental site assessment")
- [Commercial real estate](/wiki/Commercial_real_estate "Commercial real estate")
- [Estate (land)](/wiki/Estate_(land) "Estate (land)")
- [Extraterrestrial real estate](/wiki/Extraterrestrial_real_estate "Extraterrestrial real estate")
- [Fractional financing](/wiki/Fractional_financing "Fractional financing")
- [Land lot](/wiki/Land_lot "Land lot")
- [Real estate business](/wiki/Real_estate_business "Real estate business")
- [Real estate economics](/wiki/Real_estate_economics "Real estate economics")
- [Right to property](/wiki/Right_to_property "Right to property")

## References

01. **[^](#cite_ref-ReferenceA2_1-0)**"Real estate": Oxford English Dictionary online: Retrieved September 18, 2011
02. **[^](#cite_ref-2)**James Chen (May 2, 2019). ["What Is Real Estate?"](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/realestate.asp). _investopedia.com_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20000818111700/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/realestate.asp) from the original on August 18, 2000. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
03. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-:0_3-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-:0_3-1)_Real Estate_. Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, 1. 2018.
04. **[^](#cite_ref-4)**Alvik, Ivar (2018). "Protection of Private Property in the Early Law of Nations". _Journal of the History of International Law_. **20** (2): 220. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1163/15718050-19041026](https://doi.org/10.1163%2F15718050-19041026). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [158672172](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158672172).
05. **[^](#cite_ref-5)**Klaasen, R. L. (1976). "Brief History of Real Estate Appraisal and Organizations". _Appraisal Journal_. **44** (3): 376–381.
06. **[^](#cite_ref-6)**Alvik, Ivar (2018). "Protection of Private Property in the Early Law of Nations". _Journal of the History of International Law_. **20** (2): 218–227. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1163/15718050-19041026](https://doi.org/10.1163%2F15718050-19041026). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [158672172](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158672172).
07. **[^](#cite_ref-7)**["Louisiana Purchase: Primary Documents in American History"](https://guides.loc.gov/louisiana-purchase). _Library of Congress Research Guides_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220625171531/https://guides.loc.gov/louisiana-purchase) from the original on 2022-06-25. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
08. **[^](#cite_ref-8)**Richardson, Patricia (June 2, 2003). "Father-son team scores big at home; Nearly 150 years old, family-owned Baird & Warner Inc. is a dominant force in the area's residential real estate industry, and shows no signs of slowing down or selling out". _Crain's Chicago Business_.
09. **[^](#cite_ref-9)**["History of National Association of Realtors"](https://www.nar.realtor/about-nar/history). _National Association of Realtors_. 13 January 2012. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220513054559/https://www.nar.realtor/about-nar/history) from the original on 13 May 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
10. **[^](#cite_ref-10)**Nicholas, T.; Scherbina, A. (2013). "Real Estate Prices During the Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression". _Real Estate Economics, 41_. **2**: 280.
11. **[^](#cite_ref-11)**Greer, J. L. (2014). "Historic Home Mortgage Redlining in Chicago". _Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society_. **107** (2): 204–233. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.5406/jillistathistsoc.107.2.0204](https://doi.org/10.5406%2Fjillistathistsoc.107.2.0204).
12. **[^](#cite_ref-12)**["A Brief History of the Housing Government-Sponsored Enterprises"](https://www.fhfaoig.gov/Content/Files/History%20of%20the%20Government%20Sponsored%20Enterprises.pdf)(PDF). _Federal Housing Finance Agency – OIG_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230308060643/https://www.fhfaoig.gov/Content/Files/History%20of%20the%20Government%20Sponsored%20Enterprises.pdf)(PDF) from the original on 2023-03-08. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
13. **[^](#cite_ref-13)**Taylor, K. Y. (2018). "How Real Estate Segregated America". _Dissent_. **65** (4): 23–24. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1353/dss.2018.0071](https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fdss.2018.0071). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [149616841](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149616841).
14. **[^](#cite_ref-14)**["Title 16. Conservation; Chapter 1. National Parks, Military Parks, Monuments, and Seashores; Minute Man National Historical Park"](http://definitions.uslegal.com/r/residential-property/). US Legal. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170708092404/https://definitions.uslegal.com/r/residential-property/) from the original on 2017-07-08. Retrieved 2015-10-04.
15. **[^](#cite_ref-15)**Kimberley Amadeo (March 28, 2019). ["Real Estate, What It Is and How It Works"](https://www.thebalance.com/real-estate-what-it-is-and-how-it-works-3305882). _thebalance.com_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190513121739/https://www.thebalance.com/real-estate-what-it-is-and-how-it-works-3305882) from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
16. **[^](#cite_ref-16)**["Introduction to U.S. Economy: Housing Market"](https://web.archive.org/web/20220729211324/https://sgp.fas.org/crs/misc/IF11327.pdf)(PDF). _Congressional Research Service_. Archived from the original on 2022-07-29. Retrieved 2022-05-18.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( [link](/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown "Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown"))
17. **[^](#cite_ref-17)**Cutting, Robert H.; Calhoun, Lawrence B.; Hall, Jack C. (2012). "'Location, Location, Location' Should Be 'Environment, Environment, Environment': A Market-Based Tool to Simplify Environmental Considerations in Residential Real Estate". _Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal_.
18. **[^](#cite_ref-18)**"Global status report for buildings and construction". _International Energy Agency_. 2019.
19. **[^](#cite_ref-19)**[Garay, Urbi, Investment Styles, Portfolio Allocation, and Real Estate Derivatives (2016). Garay, U. “Investment Styles, Portfolio Allocation, and Real Estate Derivatives.” In Kazemi, H.; Black, K.; and D. Chambers (Editors), Alternative Investments: CAIA Level II, Chapter 16, Wiley Finance, 3rd Edition, 2016, pp. 401–421.](https://ssrn.com/abstract=3628828)
20. **[^](#cite_ref-20)**[Geltner, David, Anil Kumar, and Alex M. Van de Minne. "Riskiness of real estate development: A perspective from urban economics and option value theory." Real Estate Economics 48.2 (2020): 406–445.](https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.12258)
21. **[^](#cite_ref-21)**["Why Manhattan's Skyscrapers Are Empty"](https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/01/american-housing-has-gone-insane/605005/). _The Atlantic_. 16 Jan 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210413073300/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/01/american-housing-has-gone-insane/605005/) from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.

## External links

- [![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg) The dictionary definition of [_real estate_](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/real_estate "wiktionary:Special:Search/real estate") at Wiktionary
- [![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg) Quotations related to [Real estate](https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Real_estate "wikiquote:Special:Search/Real estate") at Wikiquote

- [v](/wiki/Template:Real_estate "Template:Real estate")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Real_estate "Template talk:Real estate")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Real_estate "Special:EditPage/Template:Real estate")

Real estate

- [Property](/wiki/Property "Property")
- [Tertiary sector of the economy](/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy "Tertiary sector of the economy")

By location

- [Bangladesh](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Bangladesh "Real estate in Bangladesh")
- [Canada](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Canada "Real estate in Canada")
- [China](/wiki/Real_estate_in_China "Real estate in China")
- [Indonesia](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Indonesia "Real estate in Indonesia")
- [Italy](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Italy "Real estate in Italy")
- [Turkey](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Turkey "Real estate in Turkey")
- [Kenya](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Kenya "Real estate in Kenya")
- [Pakistan](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Pakistan "Real estate in Pakistan")
- [Panama](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Panama "Real estate in Panama")
- [Puerto Rico](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Puerto_Rico "Real estate in Puerto Rico")
- [Russia](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Russia "Real estate in Russia")
- [Saudi Arabia](/wiki/Real_estate_in_Saudi_Arabia "Real estate in Saudi Arabia")
- [United Arab Emirates](/wiki/Real_estate_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates "Real estate in the United Arab Emirates")
- [United Kingdom](/wiki/Real_estate_in_the_United_Kingdom "Real estate in the United Kingdom")

Types

- [Commercial property](/wiki/Commercial_property "Commercial property")
  - [Commercial building](/wiki/Commercial_building "Commercial building")
- [Corporate Real Estate](/wiki/Corporate_Real_Estate "Corporate Real Estate")
- [Extraterrestrial real estate](/wiki/Extraterrestrial_real_estate "Extraterrestrial real estate")
- [International real estate](/wiki/International_real_estate "International real estate")
- [Lease administration](/wiki/Lease_administration "Lease administration")
- [Niche real estate](/wiki/Niche_real_estate "Niche real estate")
  - [Garden real estate](/wiki/Garden_real_estate "Garden real estate")
  - [Healthcare real estate](/wiki/Healthcare_real_estate "Healthcare real estate")
  - [Vacation property](/wiki/Vacation_property "Vacation property")
  - [Arable land](/wiki/Arable_land "Arable land")
  - [Golf property](/wiki/Golf_property "Golf property")
  - [Luxury real estate](/wiki/Luxury_real_estate "Luxury real estate")
- [Off-plan property](/wiki/Off-plan_property "Off-plan property")
- [Private equity real estate](/wiki/Private_equity_real_estate "Private equity real estate")
- [Real estate owned](/wiki/Real_estate_owned "Real estate owned")
- [Residential property](/wiki/Residential_property "Residential property")

Sectors

- [Property management](/wiki/Property_management "Property management")
- [Real estate development](/wiki/Real_estate_development "Real estate development")
- [Real estate investing](/wiki/Real_estate_investing "Real estate investing")
- [Real estate flipping](/wiki/Flipping "Flipping")
- [Relocation](/wiki/Relocation_service "Relocation service")

[Law](/wiki/Property_law "Property law") and regulation

- [Adverse possession](/wiki/Adverse_possession "Adverse possession")
- [Chain of title](/wiki/Chain_of_title "Chain of title")
- [Closing](/wiki/Closing_(real_estate) "Closing (real estate)")
- [Concurrent estate](/wiki/Concurrent_estate "Concurrent estate")
- [Conditional sale](/wiki/Conditional_sale "Conditional sale")
- [Conveyancing](/wiki/Conveyancing "Conveyancing")
- [Deed](/wiki/Deed "Deed")
- [Eminent domain](/wiki/Eminent_domain "Eminent domain")
- [Encumbrance](/wiki/Encumbrance "Encumbrance")
- [Foreclosure](/wiki/Foreclosure "Foreclosure")
- [Land law](/wiki/Land_law "Land law")
- [Land registration](/wiki/Land_registration "Land registration")
- [Leasehold estate](/wiki/Leasehold_estate "Leasehold estate")
  - [Lease](/wiki/Lease "Lease")
- [Property abstract](/wiki/Property_abstract "Property abstract")
- [Real estate transaction](/wiki/Real_estate_transaction "Real estate transaction")
  - [Real estate contract](/wiki/Real_estate_contract "Real estate contract")
- [Real property](/wiki/Real_property "Real property")
- [Rent regulation](/wiki/Rent_regulation "Rent regulation")
- [Severance](/wiki/Severance_(land) "Severance (land)")
- [Torrens title](/wiki/Torrens_title "Torrens title")
- [Zoning](/wiki/Zoning "Zoning")

Economics, financing

and valuation

- [Asset-based lending](/wiki/Asset-based_lending "Asset-based lending")
- [Capitalization rate](/wiki/Capitalization_rate "Capitalization rate")
- [Effective gross income](/wiki/Effective_gross_income "Effective gross income")
- [Gross rent multiplier](/wiki/Gross_rent_multiplier "Gross rent multiplier")
- [Hard money loan](/wiki/Hard_money_loan "Hard money loan")
- [Highest and best use](/wiki/Highest_and_best_use "Highest and best use")
- [Home equity loan](/wiki/Home_equity_loan "Home equity loan")
- [Investment rating for real estate](/wiki/Investment_rating_for_real_estate "Investment rating for real estate")
- [Mortgage insurance](/wiki/Mortgage_insurance "Mortgage insurance")
- [Mortgage loan](/wiki/Mortgage_loan "Mortgage loan")
- [Real estate derivative](/wiki/Real_estate_derivative "Real estate derivative")
- [Real estate economics](/wiki/Real_estate_economics "Real estate economics")
- [Real estate bubble](/wiki/Real_estate_bubble "Real estate bubble")
- [Real estate valuation](/wiki/Real_estate_valuation "Real estate valuation")
- [Remortgage](/wiki/Remortgage "Remortgage")
- [Rental value](/wiki/Rental_value "Rental value")

Parties

- [Appraiser](/wiki/Real_estate_appraisal "Real estate appraisal")
- [Buyer agent](/wiki/Buyer_agent "Buyer agent")
- [Buyer broker](/wiki/Buyer_broker "Buyer broker")
- [Chartered Surveyor](/wiki/Chartered_Surveyor "Chartered Surveyor")
- [Exclusive buyer agent](/wiki/Exclusive_buyer_agent "Exclusive buyer agent")
- [Land banking](/wiki/Land_banking "Land banking")
- [Landlord](/wiki/Landlord "Landlord")
- [Moving company](/wiki/Moving_company "Moving company")
- [Property manager](/wiki/Property_manager "Property manager")
- [Real estate broker](/wiki/Real_estate_agent "Real estate agent")
- [Real estate investment club](/wiki/Real_estate_investment_club "Real estate investment club")
- [Real estate investment trust](/wiki/Real_estate_investment_trust "Real estate investment trust")
- [Real property administrator](/wiki/Real_property_administrator "Real property administrator")
- [Tenant](/wiki/Leasehold_estate "Leasehold estate")

Other

- [Companies](/wiki/Category:Real_estate_companies "Category:Real estate companies")
- [Eviction](/wiki/Eviction "Eviction")
- [Filtering](/wiki/Filtering_(housing) "Filtering (housing)")
- [Gentrification](/wiki/Gentrification "Gentrification")
- [Graduate real estate education](/wiki/Graduate_real_estate_education "Graduate real estate education")
- [Green belt](/wiki/Green_belt "Green belt")
- [Indices](/wiki/Category:Real_estate_indices "Category:Real estate indices")
- [Industry trade groups](/wiki/Category:Real_estate_industry_trade_groups "Category:Real estate industry trade groups")
- [Investment firms](/wiki/List_of_real_estate_investment_firms "List of real estate investment firms")
- [Land banking](/wiki/Land_banking "Land banking")
- [People](/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_in_real_estate "Category:Businesspeople in real estate")
- [Property cycle](/wiki/Property_cycle "Property cycle")
- [Real estate trends](/wiki/Real_estate_trends "Real estate trends")
- [Undergraduate real estate programs](/wiki/Undergraduate_real_estate_programs "Undergraduate real estate programs")
- [Urban decay](/wiki/Urban_decay "Urban decay")
- [Urban planning](/wiki/Urban_planning "Urban planning")
- [List of housing markets by real estate prices](/wiki/List_of_housing_markets_by_real_estate_prices "List of housing markets by real estate prices")

- ![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png)**[Category](/wiki/Category:Real_estate "Category:Real estate")**
- ![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png)[**Commons**](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Realty "commons:Category:Realty")
- ![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png)**[List of topics](/wiki/Index_of_real_estate_articles "Index of real estate articles")**

- [v](/wiki/Template:Property_navbox "Template:Property navbox")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Property_navbox "Template talk:Property navbox")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Property_navbox "Special:EditPage/Template:Property navbox")

[Property](/wiki/Property "Property")

By owner

- [Collective](/wiki/Collective_ownership "Collective ownership")
- [Common](/wiki/Common_ownership "Common ownership")
- [Communal](/wiki/Communal_land "Communal land")
- [Community](/wiki/Community_property "Community property")
- [Crown](/wiki/Crown_land "Crown land")
- [Customary](/wiki/Customary_land "Customary land")
- [Cooperative](/wiki/Cooperative "Cooperative")
- [Private](/wiki/Private_property "Private property")
- [Public](/wiki/Public_property "Public property")
- [Self](/wiki/Self-ownership "Self-ownership")
- [Social](/wiki/Social_ownership "Social ownership")
- [State](/wiki/State_ownership "State ownership")
- [Unowned](/wiki/Unowned_property "Unowned property")

By nature

- [Croft](/wiki/Croft_(land) "Croft (land)")
- [Estate (landed)](/wiki/Estate_in_land "Estate in land")
- [Intangible](/wiki/Intangible_property "Intangible property")
- [Intellectual](/wiki/Intellectual_property "Intellectual property")
  - [indigenous](/wiki/Indigenous_intellectual_property "Indigenous intellectual property")
- [Personal](/wiki/Personal_property "Personal property")
- [Tangible](/wiki/Tangible_property "Tangible property")
  - [real](/wiki/Real_property "Real property")

[Commons](/wiki/Commons "Commons")

- [Common land](/wiki/Common_land "Common land")
- [Common-pool resource](/wiki/Common-pool_resource "Common-pool resource")
- [Digital](/wiki/Digital_commons_(economics) "Digital commons (economics)")
- [Global](/wiki/Global_commons "Global commons")
- [Information](/wiki/Information_commons "Information commons")
- [Knowledge](/wiki/Knowledge_commons "Knowledge commons")

Theory

- [Bundle of rights](/wiki/Bundle_of_rights "Bundle of rights")
- [Commodity](/wiki/Commodity "Commodity")
  - [fictitious commodities](/wiki/Fictitious_commodities "Fictitious commodities")
- [Common good (economics)](/wiki/Common_good_(economics) "Common good (economics)")
- [Excludability](/wiki/Excludability "Excludability")
- [First possession](/wiki/First_possession_theory_of_property "First possession theory of property")
  - [appropriation](/wiki/Original_appropriation "Original appropriation")
  - [homestead principle](/wiki/Homestead_principle "Homestead principle")
- [Free-rider problem](/wiki/Free-rider_problem "Free-rider problem")
- [Game theory](/wiki/Game_theory "Game theory")
- [Georgism](/wiki/Georgism "Georgism")
- [Gift economy](/wiki/Gift_economy "Gift economy")
- [Labor theory of property](/wiki/Labor_theory_of_property "Labor theory of property")
- [Law of rent](/wiki/Law_of_rent "Law of rent")
  - [rent-seeking](/wiki/Rent-seeking "Rent-seeking")
- [Legal plunder](/wiki/Legal_plunder "Legal plunder")
- [Natural rights](/wiki/Natural_rights_and_legal_rights "Natural rights and legal rights")
- [Ownership](/wiki/Ownership "Ownership")
- [Property rights](/wiki/Property_rights_(economics) "Property rights (economics)")
  - [primogeniture](/wiki/Primogeniture "Primogeniture")
  - [usufruct](/wiki/Usufruct "Usufruct")
  - [women's](/wiki/Women%27s_property_rights "Women's property rights")
- [Right to property](/wiki/Right_to_property "Right to property")
- [Rivalry](/wiki/Rivalry_(economics) "Rivalry (economics)")
- [Tragedy of the commons](/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons "Tragedy of the commons")
  - [anticommons](/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_anticommons "Tragedy of the anticommons")

Applications

- [_Acequia_ (watercourse)](/wiki/Acequia "Acequia")
- [_Ejido_ (agrarian land)](/wiki/Ejido "Ejido")
- [Estate](/wiki/Estate_(law) "Estate (law)")
  - [legal](/wiki/Estate_(law) "Estate (law)")
  - [literary](/wiki/Literary_estate "Literary estate")
  - real
- [Forest types](/wiki/List_of_types_of_formally_designated_forests "List of types of formally designated forests")
- _[Huerta](/wiki/Huerta "Huerta")_
- [Inheritance](/wiki/Inheritance "Inheritance")
  - [executor](/wiki/Executor "Executor")
- [Land tenure](/wiki/Land_tenure "Land tenure")
- [Property law](/wiki/Property_law "Property law")
  - [alienation](/wiki/Alienation_(property_law) "Alienation (property law)")
  - [easement](/wiki/Easement "Easement")
  - [restraint on alienation](/wiki/Restraint_on_alienation "Restraint on alienation")
  - real estate
  - [title](/wiki/Title_(property) "Title (property)")

Rights

- [Air](/wiki/Air_rights "Air rights")
- [Fishing](/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone "Exclusive economic zone")
- [Forest-dwelling (India)](/wiki/The_Scheduled_Tribes_and_Other_Traditional_Forest_Dwellers_(Recognition_of_Forest_Rights)_Act,_2006 "The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006")
- [Freedom to roam](/wiki/Freedom_to_roam "Freedom to roam")
- [Grazing](/wiki/Grazing_rights "Grazing rights")
  - [pannage](/wiki/Pannage "Pannage")
- [Hunting](/wiki/Hunting "Hunting")
- [Land](/wiki/Land_law#Land_rights "Land law")
  - [aboriginal](/wiki/Aboriginal_title "Aboriginal title")
  - [indigenous](/wiki/Indigenous_land_rights "Indigenous land rights")
  - [squatting](/wiki/Squatting "Squatting")
- [Littoral](/wiki/Littoral_rights "Littoral rights")
- [Mineral](/wiki/Mineral_rights "Mineral rights")
  - _[Bergregal](/wiki/Bergregal "Bergregal")_
- [Right of way (transit)](/wiki/Right_of_way_(transit) "Right of way (transit)")
- [Right of way (property access)](/wiki/Right_of_way_(property_access) "Right of way (property access)")
- [Water](/wiki/Water_right "Water right")
  - [prior-appropriation](/wiki/Prior-appropriation_water_rights "Prior-appropriation water rights")
  - [riparian](/wiki/Riparian_water_rights "Riparian water rights")

[Disposession](/wiki/Accumulation_by_dispossession "Accumulation by dispossession")/

[redistribution](/wiki/Redistribution_of_income_and_wealth "Redistribution of income and wealth")

- [Bioprospecting](/wiki/Bioprospecting "Bioprospecting")
  - [biopiracy](/wiki/Biopiracy "Biopiracy")
- [Collectivization](/wiki/Collectivization_in_the_Soviet_Union "Collectivization in the Soviet Union")
- [Eminent domain](/wiki/Eminent_domain "Eminent domain")
- [Enclosure](/wiki/Enclosure "Enclosure")
- [Eviction](/wiki/Eviction "Eviction")
- [Expropriation](/wiki/Expropriation "Expropriation")
- _[Farhud](/wiki/Farhud "Farhud")_
- [Forced migration](/wiki/Forced_displacement "Forced displacement")
  - [population transfer](/wiki/Population_transfer "Population transfer")
  - [repatriation](/wiki/Repatriation "Repatriation")
- [Illegal fishing](/wiki/Illegal,_unreported_and_unregulated_fishing "Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing")
- [Illegal logging](/wiki/Illegal_logging "Illegal logging")
- [Land Back](/wiki/Land_Back "Land Back")
- [Land reform](/wiki/Land_reform "Land reform")
- [Legal plunder](/wiki/Legal_plunder "Legal plunder")
- [Piracy](/wiki/Piracy "Piracy")
- [Poaching](/wiki/Poaching "Poaching")
- [Primitive accumulation](/wiki/Primitive_accumulation_of_capital "Primitive accumulation of capital")
- [Privatization](/wiki/Privatization "Privatization")
- [Regulatory taking](/wiki/Regulatory_taking "Regulatory taking")
- [Slavery](/wiki/Slavery "Slavery")
  - [bride buying](/wiki/Bride_buying "Bride buying")
  - [human trafficking](/wiki/Human_trafficking "Human trafficking")
  - spousal
    - [husband-selling](/wiki/Husband-selling "Husband-selling")
    - [wife selling](/wiki/Wife_selling "Wife selling")
  - [wage](/wiki/Wage_slavery "Wage slavery")
- [Tax](/wiki/Tax "Tax")
  - [inheritance](/wiki/Inheritance_tax "Inheritance tax")
  - [poll](/wiki/Poll_tax "Poll tax")
  - [progressive](/wiki/Progressive_tax "Progressive tax")
  - [property](/wiki/Property_tax "Property tax")
- [Theft](/wiki/Theft "Theft")

Scholars

( _key work_)

- [Frédéric Bastiat](/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bastiat "Frédéric Bastiat")
  - _[The Law](/wiki/The_Law_(Bastiat_book) "The Law (Bastiat book)")_
- [Ronald Coase](/wiki/Ronald_Coase "Ronald Coase")
- [Friedrich Engels](/wiki/Friedrich_Engels "Friedrich Engels")
  - _[The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State](/wiki/The_Origin_of_the_Family,_Private_Property_and_the_State "The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State")_
- [Henry George](/wiki/Henry_George "Henry George")
  - _[Progress and Poverty](/wiki/Progress_and_Poverty "Progress and Poverty")_
- [Garrett Hardin](/wiki/Garrett_Hardin "Garrett Hardin")
- [David Harvey](/wiki/David_Harvey "David Harvey")
- [John Locke](/wiki/John_Locke "John Locke")
  - _[Two Treatises of Government](/wiki/Two_Treatises_of_Government "Two Treatises of Government")_
- [Karl Marx](/wiki/Karl_Marx "Karl Marx")
  - _[Das Kapital](/wiki/Das_Kapital "Das Kapital")_
- [Marcel Mauss](/wiki/Marcel_Mauss "Marcel Mauss")
  - _[The Gift](/wiki/The_Gift_(essay) "The Gift (essay)")_
- [John Stuart Mill](/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill "John Stuart Mill")
- [Elinor Ostrom](/wiki/Elinor_Ostrom "Elinor Ostrom")
- [Karl Polanyi](/wiki/Karl_Polanyi "Karl Polanyi")
  - _[The Great Transformation](/wiki/The_Great_Transformation_(book) "The Great Transformation (book)")_
- [Pierre-Joseph Proudhon](/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon "Pierre-Joseph Proudhon")
  - _[What Is Property?](/wiki/Property_is_theft! "Property is theft!")_
- [David Ricardo](/wiki/David_Ricardo "David Ricardo")
- [Murray N. Rothbard](/wiki/Murray_Rothbard "Murray Rothbard")
  - _[The Ethics of Liberty](/wiki/The_Ethics_of_Liberty "The Ethics of Liberty")_
- [Jean-Jacques Rousseau](/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau "Jean-Jacques Rousseau")
  - _[The Social Contract](/wiki/The_Social_Contract "The Social Contract")_
- [Adam Smith](/wiki/Adam_Smith "Adam Smith")
  - _[The Wealth of Nations](/wiki/The_Wealth_of_Nations "The Wealth of Nations")_

- ![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png) Categories: [Property](/wiki/Category:Property "Category:Property")
- [Property law](/wiki/Category:Property_law "Category:Property law")
  - [by country](/wiki/Category:Property_law_by_country "Category:Property law by country")

[Authority control databases](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control"): National [![Edit this at Wikidata](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png)](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684740#identifiers "Edit this at Wikidata")

- [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/4186834-1)
- [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85111739)
- [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12647624n)
- [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12647624n)
- [Japan](https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00563579)
- [Czech Republic](https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph123223&CON_LNG=ENG)
- [Israel](http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007565890505171)

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[Category](/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"):

- [Real estate](/wiki/Category:Real_estate "Category:Real estate")

Hidden categories:

- [CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown](/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown "Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown")
- [Articles with short description](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description "Category:Articles with short description")
- [Short description matches Wikidata](/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata "Category:Short description matches Wikidata")
- [Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages](/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_indefinitely_semi-protected_pages "Category:Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages")
- [Articles with limited geographic scope from March 2023](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_limited_geographic_scope_from_March_2023 "Category:Articles with limited geographic scope from March 2023")

- This page was last edited on 30 July 2024, at 13:24 (UTC).
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