Gig economy - Wikipedia
The gig economy is the economic system by which a workforce of people (known as gig workers) engage in freelance and/or side-employment. The gig economy is ...
Pew Research Center
Among the common types of digital platforms in the gig economy are those to provide ridesharing services, food or package delivery services, crafts and handmade item marketplaces, on-demand labor and repair services, property and space rentals.[3][7] A study completed in 2016 by Lawrence Katz and Alan Krueger showed an increase in gig workers, freelancers, and independent contractors of 50 percent between 2005 and 2015. These jobs accounted for 94 percent of all employment growth in the United States during those ten years.[8] As of 2021, 16% of all adults in the United States had earned income through the gig economy with higher levels of gig economy experience having accrued to younger demographics, according to the <anchor>Pew Research Center</anchor>.[9] As of 2017, 55 million Americans contributed services to the gig economy.[10] As of 2018, 150 million people were active in the gig economy in North America and Western Europe, according the Harvard Business Review.[11]
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# Pew Research Center

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

## Page version status

This is an accepted version of this page

This is the [latest accepted revision](/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes "Wikipedia:Pending changes"), [reviewed](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Pew_Research_Center) on _13 September 2024_.

Think tank based in Washington, D.C., US

Pew Research Center[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Pew_Research_Center.svg/220px-Pew_Research_Center.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Pew_Research_Center.svg)Parent institution[The Pew Charitable Trusts](/wiki/The_Pew_Charitable_Trusts "The Pew Charitable Trusts")EstablishedJuly 1, 2004; 20 years ago (2004-07-01)[\[1\]](#cite_note-1)[Chair](/wiki/Chairperson "Chairperson")[Robert Groves](/wiki/Robert_Groves "Robert Groves")HeadMichael DimockStaff160+[\[2\]](#cite_note-PRC-2)BudgetRevenue: $36 million

Expenses: $43 million

( [FYE June 2021](/wiki/Fiscal_year "Fiscal year"))[\[3\]](#cite_note-3)Address1615 L Street, NW Suite 800Location

[Washington, D.C.](/wiki/Washington,_D.C. "Washington, D.C."), U.S.

Website[www.pewresearch.org](https://www.pewresearch.org)

The **Pew Research Center** (also simply known as **Pew**) is a [nonpartisan](/wiki/Nonpartisanism_in_the_United_States "Nonpartisanism in the United States") [American](/wiki/America "America") [think tank](/wiki/Think_tank "Think tank") based in [Washington, D.C.](/wiki/Washington,_D.C. "Washington, D.C.") It provides information on [social issues](/wiki/Social_issue "Social issue"), [public opinion](/wiki/Public_opinion "Public opinion"), and [demographic](/wiki/Demographic "Demographic") trends shaping the United States and the world.[\[2\]](#cite_note-PRC-2) It also conducts [public opinion polling](/wiki/Public_opinion_polling "Public opinion polling"), [demographic](/wiki/Demographic "Demographic") research, random sample survey research, and [panel based surveys](/wiki/Panel_data "Panel data"),[\[4\]](#cite_note-4) media [content analysis](/wiki/Content_analysis "Content analysis"), and other empirical [social science](/wiki/Social_science "Social science") research.

The Pew Research Center claims it does not take policy positions. It is a [subsidiary](/wiki/Subsidiary "Subsidiary") of [The Pew Charitable Trusts](/wiki/The_Pew_Charitable_Trusts "The Pew Charitable Trusts")[\[5\]](#cite_note-5)[\[6\]](#cite_note-bloomberg-6) and a Charter Member of the American Association of Public Opinion Research's Transparency Initiative.[\[7\]](#cite_note-7)

## History

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: History")\]

In 1990, the [Times Mirror Company](/wiki/Times_Mirror_Company "Times Mirror Company") founded the Times Mirror Center for the People & the Press as a research project, tasked with conducting polls on politics and policy.[\[8\]](#cite_note-8) [Andrew Kohut](/wiki/Andrew_Kohut "Andrew Kohut") became its director in 1993, and [The Pew Charitable Trusts](/wiki/The_Pew_Charitable_Trusts "The Pew Charitable Trusts") became its primary sponsor in 1996, when it was renamed the Pew Research Center for the People & the Press.[\[9\]](#cite_note-9)

In 2004, the trust established the Pew Research Center in [Washington, D.C](/wiki/Washington,_D.C. "Washington, D.C."). In 2013, Kohut stepped down as president and became founding director, and Alan Murray became the second president.[\[10\]](#cite_note-10) In October 2014, Michael Dimock, a 14-year veteran of the Center at the time of his selection, was named president.[\[11\]](#cite_note-11)

## Funding

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Funding")\]

The Pew Research Center is a [nonprofit](/wiki/Nonprofit_organization "Nonprofit organization"), [tax-exempt](/wiki/Tax_exemption "Tax exemption") [501(c)(3) organization](/wiki/501(c)(3)_organization "501(c)(3) organization") and a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts, its primary funder.[\[6\]](#cite_note-bloomberg-6)[\[12\]](#cite_note-12) For its studies focusing on demographics of religions in the world, the Pew Research Center has been jointly funded by the [Templeton Foundation](/wiki/Templeton_Foundation "Templeton Foundation").[\[13\]](#cite_note-13)[\[14\]](#cite_note-14)

## Research topics

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Research topics")\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Public_trust_in_government.webp/350px-Public_trust_in_government.webp.png)](/wiki/File:Public_trust_in_government.webp) Public trust in government poll

The center's research includes the following topic areas:[\[15\]](#cite_note-15)

- U.S. politics and policy positions
- International affairs
- Immigration & migration
- Race and ethnicity
- Religion
- Age & generations
- Gender & LGBTQ rights and views
- Family & relationships
- Economy & work
- Science
- Internet and technology
- News habits & media
- Methodological research [\[16\]](#cite_note-16)
- Regions & countries
- Other such information

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: References")\]

01. **[^](#cite_ref-1)**Faler, Brian (April 27, 2004). ["Pew Trusts to Open Research Center in D.C."](https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2004/04/27/pew-trusts-to-open-research-center-in-dc/00a750ec-b306-4b16-962d-641d351360db/) _[The Washington Post](/wiki/The_Washington_Post "The Washington Post")_. [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0190-8286](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286). Retrieved August 21, 2023.
02. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-PRC_2-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-PRC_2-1)Pew Research Center (n.d.). ["About Pew Research Center"](https://www.pewresearch.org/about/). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180722043102/http://www.pewresearch.org/about/) from the original on July 22, 2018. Retrieved June 16, 2021.
03. **[^](#cite_ref-3)**["Pew Research Center"](https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/YE2021-Pew-Research-Center-Form-990-Public-Disclosure-Copy.pdf)(PDF). _Pew Research Center_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230111042300/https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/YE2021-Pew-Research-Center-Form-990-Public-Disclosure-Copy.pdf)(PDF) from the original on January 11, 2023. Retrieved April 28, 2023.
04. **[^](#cite_ref-4)**["Our survey methodology in detail"](https://www.pewresearch.org/methods/u-s-survey-research/our-survey-methodology-in-detail/). _Pew Research Center Methods_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210301105951/https://www.pewresearch.org/methods/u-s-survey-research/our-survey-methodology-in-detail/) from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
05. **[^](#cite_ref-5)**Lesley, Alison (May 18, 2015). ["Pew Research Finds Jews & Hindus are More Educated & Richer"](http://www.worldreligionnews.com/religion-news/christianity/pew-research-finds-jews-hindus-are-more-educated-richer). World Religion News. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180623033152/https://www.worldreligionnews.com/religion-news/christianity/pew-research-finds-jews-hindus-are-more-educated-richer) from the original on June 23, 2018. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
06. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-bloomberg_6-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-bloomberg_6-1)["Company Overview of The Pew Charitable Trusts"](https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/board.asp?privcapId=3534933). [Bloomberg](/wiki/Bloomberg_News "Bloomberg News"). December 29, 2015. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180623004719/https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/board.asp?privcapId=3534933) from the original on June 23, 2018. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
07. **[^](#cite_ref-7)**["Pew Research Center"](https://ropercenter.cornell.edu/pew-research-center). Roper Center for Public Opinion Research. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
08. **[^](#cite_ref-8)**["Times Mirror Center for People and Press \| C-SPAN.org"](https://www.c-span.org/organization/?39547/Times-Mirror-Center-People-Press). _[C-SPAN](/wiki/C-SPAN "C-SPAN")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230222051657/https://www.c-span.org/organization/?39547/Times-Mirror-Center-People-Press) from the original on February 22, 2023. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
09. **[^](#cite_ref-9)**["Our History"](https://www.pewresearch.org/about/our-history/). _Pew Research Center_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190504141027/https://www.pewresearch.org/about/our-history/) from the original on May 4, 2019. Retrieved February 21, 2016.
10. **[^](#cite_ref-10)**Memmott, Mark (November 2, 2012). ["Alan Murray Of 'The Wall Street Journal' Named Pew Research Center's President"](https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/11/02/164189724/alan-murray-of-the-wall-street-journal-named-pew-research-centers-president). [NPR](/wiki/NPR "NPR"). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200603073546/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/11/02/164189724/alan-murray-of-the-wall-street-journal-named-pew-research-centers-president) from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
11. **[^](#cite_ref-11)**Massella, Nick (October 14, 2014). ["Michael Dimock Named President of Pew Research Center"](http://www.adweek.com/fishbowldc/michael-dimock-named-president-of-pew-research-center/134203). FishbowlDC. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20181202070947/https://www.adweek.com/fishbowldc/michael-dimock-named-president-of-pew-research-center/134203) from the original on December 2, 2018. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
12. **[^](#cite_ref-12)**["Company Overview of The Pew Charitable Trusts"](http://501c3lookup.org/PEW_RESEARCH_CENTER). 501c3Lookup.org. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160114083734/http://501c3lookup.org/PEW_RESEARCH_CENTER/) from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
13. **[^](#cite_ref-13)**["The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Major Religious Groups as of 2010"](https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/centers/jesinst/pdf/Grim-globalReligion-full.pdf)(PDF). Pew Research Center. December 2012. p. 7. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170525150456/https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/centers/jesinst/pdf/Grim-globalReligion-full.pdf)(PDF) from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved November 19, 2016. This effort is part of the Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures project, which analyzes religious change and its impact on societies around the world. The project is jointly funded by The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John Templeton Foundation
14. **[^](#cite_ref-14)**["Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project"](http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/explorer/about). Pew Research Center. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190523190604/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/explorer/about) from the original on May 23, 2019. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
15. **[^](#cite_ref-15)**["Research Topics"](https://www.pewresearch.org/topics-categorized/). _Pew Research Center_. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
16. **[^](#cite_ref-16)**["Methodological research"](https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/methodological-research/). _Pew Research Center_. Retrieved August 17, 2023.

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: External links")\]

- [Official website](https://www.pewresearch.org/) – Pew Research Center
- [Official website](http://www.pewtrusts.org/) of the Pew Charitable Trusts

- [v](/wiki/Template:Social_surveys "Template:Social surveys")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Social_surveys "Template talk:Social surveys")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Social_surveys "Special:EditPage/Template:Social surveys")

Social [survey research](/wiki/Survey_(human_research) "Survey (human research)")

[Data collection](/wiki/Data_collection "Data collection")

- [Collection methods](/wiki/Survey_data_collection "Survey data collection")
- [Questionnaire](/wiki/Questionnaire "Questionnaire")
- [Interview](/wiki/Interview_(research) "Interview (research)")
  - [Structured](/wiki/Structured_interview "Structured interview")
  - [Semi-structured](/wiki/Semi-structured_interview "Semi-structured interview")
  - [Unstructured](/wiki/Unstructured_interview "Unstructured interview")
  - [Couple](/wiki/Couple_interview "Couple interview")

[Methodology](/wiki/Survey_methodology "Survey methodology")

- [Census](/wiki/Census "Census")
- [Sampling frame](/wiki/Sampling_frame "Sampling frame")
- [Statistical sample](/wiki/Sample_(statistics) "Sample (statistics)")
- [Sampling for surveys](/wiki/Survey_sampling "Survey sampling")
  - [Random sampling](/wiki/Sampling_(statistics) "Sampling (statistics)")
  - [Simple random sampling](/wiki/Simple_random_sample "Simple random sample")
  - [Quota sampling](/wiki/Quota_sampling "Quota sampling")
  - [Stratified sampling](/wiki/Stratified_sampling "Stratified sampling")
  - [Nonprobability sampling](/wiki/Nonprobability_sampling "Nonprobability sampling")
  - [Sample size determination](/wiki/Sample_size_determination "Sample size determination")
- [Research design](/wiki/Research_design "Research design")
  - [Panel study](/wiki/Longitudinal_study "Longitudinal study")
  - [Cohort study](/wiki/Cohort_study "Cohort study")
  - [Cross-sectional study](/wiki/Cross-sectional_study "Cross-sectional study")
  - [Cross-sequential study](/wiki/Cross-sequential_study "Cross-sequential study")

[Survey errors](/wiki/Total_survey_error "Total survey error")

- [Sampling error](/wiki/Sampling_error "Sampling error")
- [Standard error](/wiki/Standard_error "Standard error")
- [Sampling bias](/wiki/Sampling_bias "Sampling bias")
- [Systematic errors](/wiki/Systematic_errors "Systematic errors")
- [Non-sampling error](/wiki/Non-sampling_error "Non-sampling error")
  - [Specification error](/wiki/Statistical_model_specification#Specification_error_and_bias "Statistical model specification")
  - [Frame error](/wiki/Sampling_frame#Sampling_frames_problems "Sampling frame")
  - [Measurement error](/wiki/Observational_error "Observational error")
  - [Response errors](/wiki/Respondent_error "Respondent error")
  - [Non-response bias](/wiki/Participation_bias "Participation bias")
  - [Coverage error](/wiki/Coverage_error "Coverage error")
  - [Pseudo-opinion](/wiki/Pseudo-opinion "Pseudo-opinion")
  - [Processing errors](/wiki/Data_collection#Data_integrity_issues "Data collection")

[Data analysis](/wiki/Data_analysis "Data analysis")

- [Categorical data](/wiki/Categorical_variable "Categorical variable")
- [Contingency table](/wiki/Contingency_table "Contingency table")
- [Level of measurement](/wiki/Level_of_measurement "Level of measurement")
- [Descriptive statistics](/wiki/Descriptive_statistics "Descriptive statistics")
- [Exploratory data analysis](/wiki/Exploratory_data_analysis "Exploratory data analysis")
- [Multivariate statistics](/wiki/Multivariate_statistics "Multivariate statistics")
- [Psychometrics](/wiki/Psychometrics "Psychometrics")
- [Statistical inference](/wiki/Statistical_inference "Statistical inference")
- [Statistical models](/wiki/Statistical_model "Statistical model")
  - [Graphical](/wiki/Graphical_model "Graphical model")
  - [Log-linear](/wiki/Poisson_regression "Poisson regression")
  - [Structural](/wiki/Structural_equation_modeling "Structural equation modeling")

Applications

- [Audience measurement](/wiki/Audience_measurement "Audience measurement")
- [Demography](/wiki/Demography "Demography")
- [Market research](/wiki/Market_research "Market research")
- [Opinion poll](/wiki/Opinion_poll "Opinion poll")
- [Public opinion](/wiki/Public_opinion "Public opinion")

Major surveys

- [List of comparative social surveys](/wiki/List_of_comparative_social_surveys "List of comparative social surveys")
- [Afrobarometer](/wiki/Afrobarometer "Afrobarometer")
- [American National Election Studies](/wiki/American_National_Election_Studies "American National Election Studies")
- [Asian Barometer Survey](/wiki/Asian_Barometer_Survey "Asian Barometer Survey")
- [Comparative Study of Electoral Systems](/wiki/Comparative_Study_of_Electoral_Systems "Comparative Study of Electoral Systems")
- Emerson College Polling
- [Eurobarometer](/wiki/Eurobarometer "Eurobarometer")
- [European Social Survey](/wiki/European_Social_Survey "European Social Survey")
- [Gallup Poll](/wiki/Gallup_(company) "Gallup (company)")
- [General Social Survey](/wiki/General_Social_Survey "General Social Survey")
- [Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey](/wiki/Household,_Income_and_Labour_Dynamics_in_Australia_Survey "Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey")
- [International Social Survey](/wiki/International_Social_Survey_Programme "International Social Survey Programme")
- [Latinobarómetro](/wiki/Latinobar%C3%B3metro "Latinobarómetro")
- [List of household surveys in the United States](/wiki/List_of_household_surveys_in_the_United_States "List of household surveys in the United States")
- [National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey](/wiki/National_Health_and_Nutrition_Examination_Survey "National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey")
- [New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study](/wiki/New_Zealand_Attitudes_and_Values_Study "New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study")
- [Suffolk University Political Research Center](/wiki/Suffolk_University_Political_Research_Center "Suffolk University Political Research Center")
- [The Phillips Academy Poll](/wiki/The_Phillips_Academy_Poll "The Phillips Academy Poll")
- [Quinnipiac University Polling Institute](/wiki/Quinnipiac_University_Polling_Institute "Quinnipiac University Polling Institute")
- [World Values Survey](/wiki/World_Values_Survey "World Values Survey")

Associations

- [American Association for Public Opinion Research](/wiki/American_Association_for_Public_Opinion_Research "American Association for Public Opinion Research")
- [European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research](/wiki/ESOMAR "ESOMAR")
- [International Statistical Institute](/wiki/International_Statistical_Institute "International Statistical Institute")
- Pew Research Center
- [World Association for Public Opinion Research](/wiki/World_Association_for_Public_Opinion_Research "World Association for Public Opinion Research")

- [Category](/wiki/Category:Research_methods "Category:Research methods")
- Projects
  - [Business](/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Business "Wikipedia:WikiProject Business")
  - [Politics](/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Politics "Wikipedia:WikiProject Politics")
  - [Psychology](/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Psychology "Wikipedia:WikiProject Psychology")
  - [Sociology](/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sociology "Wikipedia:WikiProject Sociology")
  - [Statistics](/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Statistics "Wikipedia:WikiProject Statistics")

[Authority control databases](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control")[![Edit this at Wikidata](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png)](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1635722#identifiers "Edit this at Wikidata")

International

- [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/0000000098271941)
- [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/145626577)

National

- [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/16328031-9)
- [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2005006887)
- [Israel](http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987011066410805171)

Retrieved from " [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pew\_Research\_Center&oldid=1245472780](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&oldid=1245472780)"

[Categories](/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"):

- [2004 establishments in Washington, D.C.](/wiki/Category:2004_establishments_in_Washington,_D.C. "Category:2004 establishments in Washington, D.C.")
- [Intelligent Community Forum](/wiki/Category:Intelligent_Community_Forum "Category:Intelligent Community Forum")
- [Think tanks established in 2004](/wiki/Category:Think_tanks_established_in_2004 "Category:Think tanks established in 2004")
- [Public opinion research companies in the United States](/wiki/Category:Public_opinion_research_companies_in_the_United_States "Category:Public opinion research companies in the United States")
- [Social statistics data](/wiki/Category:Social_statistics_data "Category:Social statistics data")
- [The Pew Charitable Trusts](/wiki/Category:The_Pew_Charitable_Trusts "Category:The Pew Charitable Trusts")
- [Think tanks based in Washington, D.C.](/wiki/Category:Think_tanks_based_in_Washington,_D.C. "Category:Think tanks based in Washington, D.C.")
- [Migration studies](/wiki/Category:Migration_studies "Category:Migration studies")

Hidden categories:

- [Articles with short description](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description "Category:Articles with short description")
- [Short description matches Wikidata](/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata "Category:Short description matches Wikidata")
- [Use mdy dates from December 2018](/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_December_2018 "Category:Use mdy dates from December 2018")
- [Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia](/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia "Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia")

- This page was last edited on 13 September 2024, at 05:49 (UTC).
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