Endangered species - Wikipedia
Some endangered species are the target of extensive conservation efforts such as captive breeding and habitat restoration. Golden lion tamarin, an endemic and ...
hilsa
This technique has worked for many species for some time, with probably the oldest known such instances of captive mating being attributed to menageries of European and Asian rulers, an example being the Père David's deer. However, captive breeding techniques are usually difficult to implement for such highly mobile species as some migratory birds (e.g. cranes) and fishes (e.g. <anchor>hilsa</anchor>). Additionally, if the captive breeding population is too small, then inbreeding may occur due to a reduced gene pool and reduce resistance "Immunity (medical)").
Ilish - Wikipedia
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## Contents

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- (Top)

- [1Common names](#Common_names)
- [2Description and habitat](#Description_and_habitat)
- [3Production](#Production)
- [4Food value](#Food_value)
- [5Ilish in culture](#Ilish_in_culture)
- [6Overfishing and possible extinction](#Overfishing_and_possible_extinction)
- [7See also](#See_also)
- [8References](#References)
- [9External links](#External_links)

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# Ilish

34 languages

- [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B4 "سمكة إيليش – Arabic")
- [অসমীয়া](https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B9_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B "ইলীহ মাছ – Assamese")
- [বাংলা](https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6 "ইলিশ – Bangla")
- [Български](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B0 "Херинга Хилза – Bulgarian")
- [Català](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Catalan")
- [Cebuano](https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Cebuano")
- [Ελληνικά](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%82 "Ιλίς – Greek")
- [Esperanto](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Esperanto")
- [Euskara](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Basque")
- [فارسی](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1 "ماهی صبور – Persian")
- [Français](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alose_hilsa "Alose hilsa – French")
- [गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni](https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peddi "Peddi – Goan Konkani")
- [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8B%9C "일리시 – Korean")
- [Hausa](https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilsa "Hilsa – Hausa")
- [हिन्दी](https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE "हिल्सा – Hindi")
- [বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী](https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE "হিলসা – Bishnupriya")
- [Bahasa Indonesia](https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilsa "Hilsa – Indonesian")
- [Italiano](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Italian")
- [Jawa](https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilsa "Hilsa – Javanese")
- [മലയാളം](https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B8 "ഹിൽസ – Malayalam")
- [مصرى](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B4 "سمكه ايليش – Egyptian Arabic")
- [မြန်မာဘာသာ](https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%84%E1%80%AB%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA "ငါးသလောက် – Burmese")
- [Nederlands](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Dutch")
- [नेपाल भाषा](https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE "हिस्ला – Newari")
- [Русский](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0 "Индийская тенуалоза – Russian")
- [Simple English](https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Simple English")
- [سنڌي](https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88 "پلو – Sindhi")
- [Svenska](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indisk_staksill "Indisk staksill – Swedish")
- [தமிழ்](https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE,_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D "ஹில்சா, நேபாளம் – Tamil")
- [ไทย](https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2 "ปลาตะลุมพุกฮิลซา – Thai")
- [Türkçe](https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Turkish")
- [Tiếng Việt](https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1_ch%C3%A1y_Hilsa "Cá cháy Hilsa – Vietnamese")
- [Winaray](https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "Tenualosa ilisha – Waray")
- [中文](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%B2%E9%B0%A3 "雲鰣 – Chinese")

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- [What links here](/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Ilish "List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]")
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- [Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tenualosa_ilisha)
- [Wikispecies](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha)

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from [Hilsa](/w/index.php?title=Hilsa&redirect=no "Hilsa"))

Species of fish related to the herring

"Hilsa" redirects here. For other uses, see [Hilsa (disambiguation)](/wiki/Hilsa_(disambiguation) "Hilsa (disambiguation)").

Ilish
[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Tenualosa_ilisha_Day.png/220px-Tenualosa_ilisha_Day.png)](/wiki/File:Tenualosa_ilisha_Day.png)[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BHilsa123.jpg/220px-BHilsa123.jpg)](/wiki/File:BHilsa123.jpg)

[Conservation status](/wiki/Conservation_status "Conservation status")

![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png)

[Least Concern](/wiki/Least_Concern "Least Concern") ( [IUCN 3.1](/wiki/IUCN_Red_List "IUCN Red List"))[\[1\]](#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1) (Global)

![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_NT.svg.png)

[Near Threatened](/wiki/Near_Threatened "Near Threatened") ( [IUCN 3.1](/wiki/IUCN_Red_List "IUCN Red List"))[\[2\]](#cite_note-IUCN-2) ( [Persian Gulf](/wiki/Persian_Gulf "Persian Gulf"))

[Scientific classification](/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology) "Taxonomy (biology)")[![Edit this classification](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png)](/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Tenualosa "Edit this classification")Domain:
[Eukaryota](/wiki/Eukaryote "Eukaryote")Kingdom:
[Animalia](/wiki/Animal "Animal")Phylum:
[Chordata](/wiki/Chordate "Chordate")Class:
[Actinopterygii](/wiki/Actinopterygii "Actinopterygii")Order:
[Clupeiformes](/wiki/Clupeiformes "Clupeiformes")Family:
[Dorosomatidae](/wiki/Dorosomatidae "Dorosomatidae")Genus:
[_Tenualosa_](/wiki/Tenualosa "Tenualosa")Species:

_**T. ilisha**_

[Binomial name](/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature "Binomial nomenclature")**_Tenualosa ilisha_**

[F. Hamilton](/wiki/Francis_Buchanan-Hamilton "Francis Buchanan-Hamilton"), 1822

[Synonyms](/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy) "Synonym (taxonomy)")

- _Clupanodon ilisha_ Hamilton, 1822
- _Clupea ilisha_(Hamilton, 1822)
- _Hilsa ilisha_(Hamilton, 1822)
- _Macrura ilisha_(Hamilton, 1822)
- _Tenualosa illisha_(Hamilton, 1822)
- _Tenualosa illsha_(Hamilton, 1822)
- _Clupea palasah_ Cuvier, 1829

The **ilish** ( _**Tenualosa ilisha**_) ( [Bengali](/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language"): ইলিশ, [romanized](/wiki/Romanization_of_Bengali "Romanization of Bengali"): _iliś_), also known as the **ilishi**, **hilsa**, **hilsa herring** or **hilsa shad**, is a species of fish related to the [herring](/wiki/Herring "Herring"), in the family [Clupeidae](/wiki/Clupeidae "Clupeidae"). It is a very popular and sought-after food in the [West Bengal](/wiki/West_Bengal "West Bengal"), and is the [national fish of Bangladesh](/wiki/National_symbols_of_Bangladesh "National symbols of Bangladesh")[\[3\]](#cite_note-:0-3) and the state fish of [West Bengal](/wiki/West_Bengal "West Bengal").[\[4\]](#cite_note-4)

As of 2021, 86% of the world's total ilish supply originates in [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh"). The fish contributes about 12% of the total fish production and about 1.15% of [GDP](/wiki/Gross_domestic_product "Gross domestic product") in [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh"). On 6 August 2017, [Department of Patents, Designs and Trademarks](/wiki/Department_of_Patents,_Designs_and_Trademarks "Department of Patents, Designs and Trademarks") under the [Ministry of Industries](/wiki/Ministry_of_Industries_(Bangladesh) "Ministry of Industries (Bangladesh)") of [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh") has declared the recognition of ilish as the product of [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh"). As of 2021, 86% of the world's total ilish supply originates in [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh") which applied for [Geographical indication](/wiki/Geographical_indication "Geographical indication") (GI) in 2004.[\[5\]](#cite_note-5) About 450,000 people are directly involved in the catching of the fish as a large part of their livelihood; around four to five million people are indirectly involved with the trade.[\[6\]](#cite_note-6)

## Common names

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Common names")\]

Other names include jatka,illi, ilish, ellis, palla fish, hilsha, ilih etc. ( [Assamese](/wiki/Assamese_language "Assamese language"): ইলীহ/ইলীহি: ilih/ilihi, [Bengali](/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language"): ইলিশ, [romanized](/wiki/Romanization_of_Bengali "Romanization of Bengali"): _iliś_, [Gujarati](/wiki/Gujarati_language "Gujarati language"): મોદાર/પાલ્વા: Modar or Palva, [Odia](/wiki/Odia_language "Odia language"): ଇଲିଶି, romanized: _iliśi_, [Sindhī](/wiki/Sindhi_language "Sindhi language"): پلو مڇي pallo machhi, [Tamil](/wiki/Tamil_language "Tamil language"): உள்ள மீன்/Ulla Meen, [Telugu](/wiki/Telugu_language "Telugu language"): పులస pulasa). The name ilish is also used in [India](/wiki/India "India")'s [Assamese](/wiki/Assamese_language "Assamese language"), [Bengali](/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language"), and [Odia](/wiki/Odia_language "Odia language") communities. In [Iraq](/wiki/Iraq "Iraq") it is called sboor (صبور). In [Malaysia](/wiki/Malaysia "Malaysia") and [Indonesia](/wiki/Indonesia "Indonesia"), it is commonly known as terubok. Due to its distinguished features as being oily and tender, some Malays, especially in northern Johore, call it 'terubok umno' (to distinguish it from the toli - which species is rich in tiny bones and not so oily). \[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\] In [Myanmar](/wiki/Myanmar "Myanmar"), it is called (ငါးသလောက်) in [Burmese](/wiki/Burmese_language "Burmese language") which derives from the [Mon language](/wiki/Mon_language "Mon language") word ကသလံက် with က in Mon and ငါး in Burmese meaning fish.[\[7\]](#cite_note-7)

[![Abundance of Ilish in Bangladesh](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Abundance_of_Hilsa_Fish_in_Bangladesh.svg/220px-Abundance_of_Hilsa_Fish_in_Bangladesh.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Abundance_of_Hilsa_Fish_in_Bangladesh.svg) Abundance of hilsa fish in Bangladesh

## Description and habitat

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Description and habitat")\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ilish_portrait_by_Rezowan.jpg/220px-Ilish_portrait_by_Rezowan.jpg)](/wiki/File:Ilish_portrait_by_Rezowan.jpg) Ilish of Bangladesh

The fish is marine; freshwater; brackish; [pelagic](/wiki/Pelagic_fish "Pelagic fish")- [neritic](/wiki/Coastal_fish "Coastal fish"); [anadromous](/wiki/Fish_migration "Fish migration"); depth range of about 200 m. Within a tropical range; 34°N - 5°N, 42°E - 97°E in marine and freshwater. It can grow up to 60 cm in length with weights of up to 3 kg. It is found in rivers and estuaries in [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh"), [India](/wiki/India "India"), [Pakistan](/wiki/Pakistan "Pakistan"), [Myanmar](/wiki/Myanmar "Myanmar") (also known as Burma) and the [Persian Gulf](/wiki/Persian_Gulf "Persian Gulf") area where it can be found in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in and around [Iran](/wiki/Iran "Iran") and southern [Iraq](/wiki/Iraq "Iraq").[\[8\]](#cite_note-8) It has no dorsal spines but 18 – 21 dorsal soft rays and anal soft rays. The belly has 30 to 33 [scutes](/wiki/Scute "Scute"). There is a distinct median notch in the upper jaw. Gill rakers fine and numerous, about 100 to 250 on the lower part of the arch and the fins are hyaline. The fish shows a dark blotch behind gill opening, followed by a series of small spots along the flank in juveniles. Color in life, silver shot with gold and purple. The species filter feeds on plankton and by grubbing muddy bottoms.[\[9\]](#cite_note-9) The fish schools in coastal waters and ascends up the rivers (anadromous) for around 50 – 100 km to spawn during the southwest monsoons (June to September) and also in January to April. April is the most fertile month for the breeding of ilish. The young fish returning to the sea are known in Bangladesh as jatka, which includes any ilish fish up to 9 inches long.

## Production

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Production")\]

The fish is found in 11 countries: [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh"), [India](/wiki/India "India"), [Myanmar](/wiki/Myanmar "Myanmar"), [Pakistan](/wiki/Pakistan "Pakistan"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran "Iran"), [Iraq](/wiki/Iraq "Iraq"), [Kuwait](/wiki/Kuwait "Kuwait"), [Bahrain](/wiki/Bahrain "Bahrain"), [Indonesia](/wiki/Indonesia "Indonesia"), [Malaysia](/wiki/Malaysia "Malaysia") and [Thailand](/wiki/Thailand "Thailand"). [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh") is the top hilsa-producing country in the world, followed by Myanmar and then India. \[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hilsa_%28Ilish%29_fishes_for_sale_at_fish_market_in_Domjur%2C_Howrah%2C_West_Bengal%2C_India%2C_photographed_by_Yogabrata_Chakraborty%2C_on_June_22%2C_2022.jpg/220px-Hilsa_%28Ilish%29_fishes_for_sale_at_fish_market_in_Domjur%2C_Howrah%2C_West_Bengal%2C_India%2C_photographed_by_Yogabrata_Chakraborty%2C_on_June_22%2C_2022.jpg)](/wiki/File:Hilsa_(Ilish)_fishes_for_sale_at_fish_market_in_Domjur,_Howrah,_West_Bengal,_India,_photographed_by_Yogabrata_Chakraborty,_on_June_22,_2022.jpg) Hilsa fishes for sale at fish market in [West Bengal](/wiki/West_Bengal "West Bengal"), India.

86 percent of the total hilsa catch is taken in [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh"). Production has dropped in the other ten hilsa-producing countries; in [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh"), however, production reached 517,000 tons in FY 2017–18, up from 279,189 tons in 2006–07, as a result of a strategy implemented by the Bangladeshi government. \[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\]

## Food value

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Food value")\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Ilish_Bhaat.jpg/220px-Ilish_Bhaat.jpg)](/wiki/File:Ilish_Bhaat.jpg) Rice and hilsha fish fry with lentils and fried aubergine

The fish is popular food amongst the people of [South Asia](/wiki/South_Asia "South Asia") and in the Middle East, but especially with [Bengalis](/wiki/Bengali_people "Bengali people"), [Odias](/wiki/Odia_people "Odia people") and [Telugus](/wiki/Telugu_people "Telugu people") of [Coastal Andhra](/wiki/Coastal_Andhra "Coastal Andhra"). \[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\] Bengali fish curry is a popular dish made with mustard oil or seed. The [Bengalis](/wiki/Bengalis "Bengalis") popularly call this dish [Shorshe Ilish](/wiki/Shorshe_Ilish "Shorshe Ilish").\[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\] It is very popular in [Bengal](/wiki/Bengal "Bengal") ( [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh") and India's [West Bengal](/wiki/West_Bengal "West Bengal")), as well as in [Odisha](/wiki/Odisha "Odisha"), [Tripura](/wiki/Tripura "Tripura"), [Assam](/wiki/Assam "Assam"), [Gujarat](/wiki/Gujarat "Gujarat") and [Andhra Pradesh](/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh "Andhra Pradesh").\[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\] It is also exported globally.\[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\]

In North America (where ilish is not always readily available) other [shad](/wiki/Shad "Shad") fish are sometimes used as an ilish substitute, especially in [Bengali cuisine](/wiki/Bengali_cuisine "Bengali cuisine"). This typically occurs near the East coast of North America, where fresh shad fish, which tastes similar to ilish, can be found.\[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\]

In Bangladesh, fish are caught in the [Meghna](/wiki/Meghna_river "Meghna river")- [Jamuna](/wiki/Jamuna_River "Jamuna River") delta,[\[10\]](#cite_note-10) which flows into the [Bay of Bengal](/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal "Bay of Bengal") and Meghna (lower [Brahmaputra](/wiki/Brahmaputra "Brahmaputra")), and [Jamuna](/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh) "Jamuna River (Bangladesh)") rivers.

In India, [Rupnarayan](/wiki/Rupnarayan_River "Rupnarayan River") (which has the _[Kolaghater](/wiki/Kolaghat "Kolaghat") hilsa_), [Hooghly](/wiki/Hooghly_river "Hooghly river"), [Mahanadi](/wiki/Mahanadi_River "Mahanadi River"),[\[11\]](#cite_note-11) [Narmada](/wiki/Narmada "Narmada") and [Godavari](/wiki/Godavari "Godavari") rivers and the [Chilika Lake](/wiki/Chilika_Lake "Chilika Lake") are famous for their fish yields.

In the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, hilsa takes on a special significance. Here, the term "pulasa" refers specifically to the larger, mature hilsa that migrate upstream along the Godavari River. This migratory journey is crucial, as it's believed that the Godavari's unique muddy waters contribute to the development of a richer flavour and firmer texture in the fish, compared to hilsa caught elsewhere. Due to this perceived superior quality and its limited seasonal availability (typically monsoon season), pulasa commands a significantly higher price and cultural importance in Andhra Pradesh. It is considered a rich delicacy, often referred to as the "king of fish" in Godavari Areas and features in celebratory meals and as a prized gift. The upstream migration itself is seen as a vital natural process, and the pulasa a reward for the patient fishermen who wait for its arrival.

In Pakistan, most hilsa fish are caught in the [Indus River Delta](/wiki/Indus_River_Delta "Indus River Delta") in [Sindh](/wiki/Sindh "Sindh"). They are also caught in the sea, but some consider the marine stage of the fish as not so tasty. The fish has very sharp and tough bones, making it problematic to eat for some.\[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\]

Ilish is an [oily fish](/wiki/Oily_fish "Oily fish") rich in [omega 3 fatty acids](/wiki/Omega_3_fatty_acids "Omega 3 fatty acids").[\[12\]](#cite_note-12) Recent experiments have shown its beneficial effects in decreasing cholesterol level in rats[\[13\]](#cite_note-13) and insulin level.[\[14\]](#cite_note-14)

In [Bengal](/wiki/Bengal "Bengal") and [Odisha](/wiki/Odisha "Odisha"), ilish can be smoked, fried, steamed or baked in young [plantain](/wiki/Plantain_(cooking) "Plantain (cooking)") leaves, prepared with [mustard seed](/wiki/Mustard_seed "Mustard seed") paste, curd, [aubergine](/wiki/Aubergine "Aubergine"), different condiments like [jira](/wiki/Cumin "Cumin") (cumin) and so on. It is said that people can cook ilish in more than 50 ways.[\[15\]](#cite_note-15) Ilish [roe](/wiki/Roe "Roe") is also popular as a side dish. Ilish can be cooked in very little oil since the fish itself is very oily.[\[16\]](#cite_note-16)

## Ilish in culture

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Ilish in culture")\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6.jpg/170px-%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6.jpg)](/wiki/File:%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6.jpg) _[Shorshe ilish](/wiki/Shorshe_ilish "Shorshe ilish")_, a dish of smoked ilish with [mustard seeds](/wiki/Mustard_seeds "Mustard seeds"), has been an important part of [Bengali cuisine](/wiki/Bengali_cuisine "Bengali cuisine").

- In [Andhra Pradesh](/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh "Andhra Pradesh"), the saying goes "Pustelu ammi ayina Pulasa tinocchu", meaning roughly "It's worth eating Pulasa/Ilish even if you have to sell your [mangala sutra](/wiki/Mangala_sutra "Mangala sutra").[\[17\]](#cite_note-17)
- In many [Bengali Hindu](/wiki/Bengali_Hindus "Bengali Hindus") families a pair of ilish fishes (Bengali: _Jora Ilish_) are bought on auspicious days, for example for special prayers or [puja](/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism) "Puja (Hinduism)") days like for the Hindu Goddess of music, art and knowledge [Saraswati Puja](/wiki/Saraswati_Puja "Saraswati Puja"), which takes place in the beginning of [Spring](/wiki/Spring_(season) "Spring (season)") or on the day of [Lakshmi Puja](/wiki/Lakshmi_Puja "Lakshmi Puja") (The Goddess of Wealth and Prosperity) which takes place in [autumn](/wiki/Autumn "Autumn").[\[18\]](#cite_note-18) Some people offer the fish to the goddess [Lakshmi](/wiki/Lakshmi "Lakshmi"), without which the Puja is sometimes thought to be incomplete.
- Ilish is the national fish of [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh").[\[3\]](#cite_note-:0-3)
- In Bengal ilish is also used during wedding as _tattwa_ gift. During _[Gaye Holud](/wiki/Gaye_Holud "Gaye Holud")_ _tattwa_ the family of the groom presents a pair of ilish to the family of the bride. However, due to the scarcity of ilish, nowadays it is often replaced by [Rohu](/wiki/Rohu "Rohu") in [West Bengal](/wiki/West_Bengal "West Bengal"), while the tradition continues in [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh").\[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\]
- In [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh") and [West Bengal](/wiki/West_Bengal "West Bengal"), a famous dish which tastes good with fried ilish fish is ' [khichudi](/wiki/Khichdi "Khichdi")' (a special way of cooking lentils and rice together with some added herbs). It is popular among all Bengalis during monsoon which is known as the month of ilish. In [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh") and [West Bengal](/wiki/West_Bengal "West Bengal"), ilish is often termed as the 'Queen' of fishes.\[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\]

Ilish is fried on mustard oil

- This fish is known as pulasa in Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh State in India. The name Pulasa stays with the fish for a limited period between July-Sept of a year, when floods (muddy) water flow in Godavari River. This time the fish is in high demand and sometimes $100 per kilo.[\[19\]](#cite_note-19)[\[20\]](#cite_note-20)

- Hilsha fish called Pallo Machi is important part of [Sindhi cuisine](/wiki/Sindhi_cuisine "Sindhi cuisine"), prepared with numerous cooking methods. It can be deep fried and garnished with local spices, can be cooked with onions and potatoes into a traditional fish meal or barbequed. The fish often has roe, which is called "aani" in Sindhi and is enjoyed as a delicacy. Often fried alongside the palla and served with the fish fillets.[\[21\]](#cite_note-21)[\[22\]](#cite_note-22)[\[23\]](#cite_note-23)
- The rivalry of East Bengal and Mohon Bagan, two football clubs of Kolkata (Calcutta) are celebrated by food. When East Bengal wins, an ilish (hilsha) dish is cooked by the East Bengal supporters. Similarly, when Mohon Bagan wins, a Chingri (Prawn) dish is prepared by the Mohon Bagan supporters.[\[24\]](#cite_note-24)

## Overfishing and possible extinction

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Overfishing and possible extinction")\]

Due to the demand and popularity of this species, [overfishing](/wiki/Overfishing "Overfishing") is rampant. Fishes weighing around 2 to 3 kilograms have become rare in India, as even the smaller fish are caught using finer fishing nets as production in Bangladesh have increased.[\[25\]](#cite_note-25)[\[26\]](#cite_note-:1-26) As a consequence of this, prices of the fish have risen. In the past ilish were not harvested between [Vijaya Dashami](/wiki/Vijaya_Dashami "Vijaya Dashami") and [Saraswati Puja](/wiki/Saraswati_Puja "Saraswati Puja") due to some informal customs of [Odia](/wiki/Odia_people "Odia people") and [Bengali Hindus](/wiki/Bengali_Hindus "Bengali Hindus") as it is the breeding period of the fish. But as disposable incomes grew, wealthier consumers abandoned the old traditions.[\[27\]](#cite_note-27)

The advent of finer [fishing nets](/wiki/Fishing_nets "Fishing nets") and advanced [trawling](/wiki/Trawling "Trawling") techniques, and [environmental degradation](/wiki/Environmental_degradation "Environmental degradation") of the rivers, has worsened the situation. Fishermen have been ignoring calls to at least leave the juvenile "jatka" alone to repopulate the species. The fishing of the young jatka is now illegal in [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh"). This ban however has resulted in a rise in unemployment, as around 83,000 fishermen are unable to pursue their former livelihood for eight months every year. It has also led to the creation of a black market where jatka are sold for exorbitant prices.[\[28\]](#cite_note-28) Furthermore, the changes brought about by [global warming](/wiki/Global_warming "Global warming") have led to a gradual depletion of the ilish's breeding grounds, reducing populations of the fish even further.[\[29\]](#cite_note-29) Pollution in rivers have worsened the situation, but due to slightly better waters the fishes are found more near Bangladesh delta.[\[26\]](#cite_note-:1-26) Owing to this situation ilish is used as a diplomatic trade item, most recently in the distribution of [COVID-19](/wiki/COVID-19 "COVID-19") vaccines.[\[30\]](#cite_note-30)

Bangladesh has regularly imposed restrictions on the export of ilish abroad, citing its scarcity, although the government of Prime Minister [Sheikh Hasina](/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina "Sheikh Hasina") periodically lifted the ban to allow the annual export of 3,000-5,000 tonnes of fish to India during the Hindu festival of [Durga Puja](/wiki/Durga_Puja "Durga Puja").[\[31\]](#cite_note-31)

## See also

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: See also")\]

- [Bangladeshi cuisine](/wiki/Bangladeshi_cuisine "Bangladeshi cuisine")
- [Bengali cuisine](/wiki/Bengali_cuisine "Bengali cuisine")
- [Cuisine of Odisha](/wiki/Cuisine_of_Odisha "Cuisine of Odisha")
- [Environmental impact of fishing](/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_fishing "Environmental impact of fishing")

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: References")\]

01. **[^](#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-0)**Freyhof, J. (2014). [" _Tenualosa ilisha_"](https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/166442/1132697). _[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species](/wiki/IUCN_Red_List "IUCN Red List")_. **2014**: e.T166442A1132697. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"):[10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T166442A1132697.en](https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T166442A1132697.en). Retrieved 19 November 2021.
02. **[^](#cite_ref-IUCN_2-0)**Al-Khalaf, K.; Alam, S.; Almukhtar, M.; Bishop, J.; Abdulqader, E.; Alghawzi, Q.; Al-Husaini, M.; Hartmann, S.; Kaymaram, F. (2015). [" _Tenualosa ilisha_"](https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/166442/75259795). _[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species](/wiki/IUCN_Red_List "IUCN Red List")_. **2015**: e.T166442A75259795.
03. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-:0_3-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-:0_3-1)Webb, Lois Sinaiko; Roten, Lindsay Grace (2009), [_The Multicultural Cookbook for Students_](https://books.google.com/books?id=fgWrCQAAQBAJ), ABC-CLIO, [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-0-313-37559-0](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-37559-0 "Special:BookSources/978-0-313-37559-0")
04. **[^](#cite_ref-4)**["State Fishes of India"](http://nfdb.gov.in/PDF/Fish%20&%20Fisheries%20of%20India/2.State%20Fishes%20of%20India.pdf)(PDF). National Fisheries Development Board, Government of India. Retrieved 25 December 2020.
05. **[^](#cite_ref-5)**["Recognition for hilsa"](https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/recognition-hilsa-1445266). _The Daily Star_. 8 August 2017. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
06. **[^](#cite_ref-6)**Siddique, Abu Bakar. ["Country's 6th Ilish sanctuary coming soon"](https://www.dhakatribune.com/uncategorized/2015/01/19/countrys-6th-ilish-sanctuary-coming-soon). _Dhaka Tribune_. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
07. **[^](#cite_ref-7)**Haswell, J. M. (1874). [_Grammatical Notes and Vocabulary of the Peguan Language_](https://books.google.com/books?id=1STOTdU0uisC&dq=fish+shad&pg=PA31). Rangoon: American Mission Press. p. 31.
08. **[^](#cite_ref-8)**Al-Dubakel, A. Y. (2011). ["Commercial Fishing and Marketing of Hilsa Shad Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton-Buchanon, 1822) in Basrah -Southern Iraq"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140522105008/http://ejfa.info/index.php/ejfa/article/viewFile/6455/3293). _Emirates Journal of Food Agriculture_. **23** (2). Archived from [the original](http://ejfa.info/index.php/ejfa/article/viewFile/6455/3293) on 22 May 2014. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
09. **[^](#cite_ref-9)**["Tenualosa ilisha"](http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=1596&AT=ilisha). _FishBase_.
10. **[^](#cite_ref-10)**["Highway extortion responsible for surge in Ilish prices"](http://www.dhakatribune.com/business/2016/apr/14/highway-extortion-responsible-surge-ilish-prices). _Dhaka Tribune_. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
11. **[^](#cite_ref-11)**["Bioinformatics Centre, National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130506014920/http://www.biosearch.in/publicOrganismPage.php?id=113036). Biosearch.in. 1 February 2012. Archived from [the original](http://www.biosearch.in/publicOrganismPage.php?id=113036) on 6 May 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
12. **[^](#cite_ref-12)**Mohanty, Bimal; Das, Soma; Bhaumik, Utpal; Sharma, Anil (March 2011). ["Tenualosa ilisha: A rich source of omega-3 PUFAs"](http://www.cifri.res.in/Bulletins/Bulletin%20No.171.pdf)(PDF). _Bulletin_ (171). Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute. [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0970-616X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0970-616X).
13. **[^](#cite_ref-13)**Banerjee I, Saha S, Dutta J (June 1992). "Comparison of the effects of dietary fish oils with different n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions on plasma and liver lipids in rats". _Lipids_. **27** (6): 425–8. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1007/BF02536383](https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF02536383). [PMID](/wiki/PMID_(identifier) "PMID (identifier)") [1630277](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1630277). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [4033041](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4033041).
14. **[^](#cite_ref-14)**Mahmud I, Hossain A, Hossain S, Hannan A, Ali L, Hashimoto M (2004). ["Effects of _Hilsa ilisa_ fish oil on the atherogenic lipid profile and glycaemic status of streptozotocin-treated type 1 diabetic rats"](https://archive.today/20130105074726/http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0305-1870&date=2004&volume=31&issue=1-2&spage=76). _Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol_. **31** (1–2): 76–81. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.03953.x](https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1440-1681.2004.03953.x). [PMID](/wiki/PMID_(identifier) "PMID (identifier)") [14756688](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14756688). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [25883400](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:25883400). Archived from [the original](http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0305-1870&date=2004&volume=31&issue=1-2&spage=76) on 5 January 2013.
15. **[^](#cite_ref-15)**["216 easy and tasty hilsa recipes by home cooks"](https://cookpad.com/in/search/hilsa). _Cookpad_. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
16. **[^](#cite_ref-16)**Karmakar, Rekha (9 September 2015). ["A Fish Lover's Guide To Cooking Hilsa"](https://www.indiafoodnetwork.in/food-stories/a-fish-lovers-guide-to-cooking-hilsa/). _www.indiafoodnetwork.in_. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
17. **[^](#cite_ref-17)**["What the fish! Godavari Pulasa selling for Rs 4,000 per kg"](https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/visakhapatnam/what-the-fish-godavari-pulasa-selling-for-rs-4000-per-kg/articleshow/60251761.cms). _The Times of India_. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
18. **[^](#cite_ref-18)**["Ilish... a love story"](http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/column-ilish-a-love-story-1990784). _dna_. 24 May 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
19. **[^](#cite_ref-19)**["What the fish! Godavari Pulasa selling for Rs 4,000 per kg"](https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/visakhapatnam/what-the-fish-godavari-pulasa-selling-for-rs-4000-per-kg/articleshow/60251761.cms). _The Times of India_. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
20. **[^](#cite_ref-20)**["Pulasa season starts early"](https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/rajahmundry/Pulasa-season-starts-early/articleshow/53124756.cms). _The Times of India_. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
21. **[^](#cite_ref-21)**Khan, M. Hussain (2 April 2019). ["The palla, the shrine, the catch and the cook"](https://www.dawn.com/news/1204243). _Dawn_.
22. **[^](#cite_ref-22)**Karmakar, Kalyan (24 April 2018). ["10 Reasons to Get Invited to a Sindhi Household for Dinner"](https://food.ndtv.com/food-drinks/10-reasons-to-get-invited-to-a-sindhi-household-for-dinner-1670547). _NDTV Food_.
23. **[^](#cite_ref-23)**Sen, Pritha (9 July 2017). ["A fishy fable: If it's monsoon, it must rain hilsas"](http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/food-wine/a-fishy-fable-if-its-monsoon-it-must-rain-hilsas-4741945/). _The Indian Express_.
24. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** Sen, Shomini (7 September 2016). "East Bengal vs Mohun Bagan: The War Between Hilsa and Prawns". News18. Archived from the original on 27 March 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
25. **[^](#cite_ref-25)**Dasgupta, Reshmi R. (13 August 2012). ["Bengalis are loving Ilish to extinction"](http://blogs.economictimes.indiatimes.com/SilkStalkings/entry/bengalis-are-loving-ilish-to-extinction). _The Economic Times_.
26. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-:1_26-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-:1_26-1)["Hilsa Fish: অসুস্থ গঙ্গা থেকে মুখ ফিরিয়ে মায়ানমার পাড়ি দিচ্ছে ইলিশের ঝাঁক"](https://www.anandabazar.com/india/due-to-some-geological-factors-in-ganges-hilsa-fish-are-migrating-towards-myanmar/cid/1303419). _anandabazar.com_ (in Bengali). Retrieved 24 September 2021.
27. **[^](#cite_ref-27)**Mazumdar, Jaideep (1 September 2008). ["The Last Ilish Curry"](http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?238289). _Outlook_.
28. **[^](#cite_ref-28)**Moitra, Kalyan (1 July 2002). ["Hilsa may soon become endangered: Experts"](https://archive.today/20130701060646/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-07-01/kolkata/27293404_1_hilsa-fingerlings-indiscriminate-fishing). _[The Times of India](/wiki/The_Times_of_India "The Times of India")_. Archived from [the original](http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-07-01/kolkata/27293404_1_hilsa-fingerlings-indiscriminate-fishing) on 1 July 2013.
29. **[^](#cite_ref-29)**["Bangladesh's Hilsa Fish Acts as Early Warning of Climate Change"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140522103819/http://www.celsias.com/article/bangladeshs-hilsa-fish-acts-early-warning-climate/). Archived from [the original](http://www.celsias.com/article/bangladeshs-hilsa-fish-acts-early-warning-climate/) on 22 May 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
30. **[^](#cite_ref-30)**[ভ্যাকসিন নেই, তাই ইলিশও নেই!](https://www.dw.com/bn/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%93-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87/a-57988675) (in Bengali). Deutsche Welle. 22 June 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
31. **[^](#cite_ref-31)**["'Fish diplomacy' setback for India and Bangladesh"](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2l15j4dq9po). BBC. 11 September 2024. Retrieved 11 September 2024.

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Ilish&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: External links")\]

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Tenualosa ilisha](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tenualosa_ilisha "commons:Category:Tenualosa ilisha").

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[Wikispecies](/wiki/Wikispecies "Wikispecies") has information related to _**[Tenualosa ilisha](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "wikispecies:Tenualosa ilisha")**_.

- [Hilsa Research in the Bay of Bengal](http://harunbfdc.blogspot.com)
- [_Tenualosa ilisha_](http://en.bdfish.org/?s=Tenualosa+ilisha). [BdFISH](/wiki/BdFISH "BdFISH")
- ["Tenualosa ilisha"](https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=551297). [Integrated Taxonomic Information System](/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System "Integrated Taxonomic Information System"). Retrieved 6 June 2006.
- [Ilish Hut (ইলিশ হাট)](http://www.IlishHut.com/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190328123531/http://www.ilishhut.com/) 28 March 2019 at the [Wayback Machine](/wiki/Wayback_Machine "Wayback Machine") – online Ilish fish selling website in Bangladesh
- Mazumder SK, Alam MS (January–March 2009). ["High levels of genetic variability and differentiation in hilsa shad, _Tenualosa ilisha_ (Clupeidae, Clupeiformes) populations revealed by PCR-RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032976). _Genet Mol Biol_. **32** (1): 190–196. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1590/S1415-47572009005000023](https://doi.org/10.1590%2FS1415-47572009005000023). [PMC](/wiki/PMC_(identifier) "PMC (identifier)") [3032976](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032976). [PMID](/wiki/PMID_(identifier) "PMID (identifier)") [21637667](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21637667).
- Roomiani L, Sotudeh AM, Hakimi Mofrad R (October 2013). ["Reproductive biology of Hilsa shad ( _Tenualosa ilisha_) in coastal Waters of the Northwest of Persian Gulf"](http://www.jifro.ir/files/site1/user_files_eb12be/eng/fallahi-A-10-1272-74-9886856.pdf)(PDF). _Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences_. **13** (1): 201–2015.

- [v](/wiki/Template:Commercial_fish_topics "Template:Commercial fish topics")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Commercial_fish_topics "Template talk:Commercial fish topics")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Commercial_fish_topics "Special:EditPage/Template:Commercial fish topics")

Principal commercial [fishery](/wiki/Fishery "Fishery") species groups

[Wild](/wiki/Wild_fisheries "Wild fisheries")

[Large pelagic fish](/wiki/Pelagic_fish "Pelagic fish")

- [Mackerel](/wiki/Mackerel "Mackerel")
- [Salmon](/wiki/Salmon "Salmon")
- [Shark](/wiki/Shark "Shark")
- [Swordfish](/wiki/Swordfish "Swordfish")
- [Tuna](/wiki/Tuna "Tuna")
  - [albacore](/wiki/Albacore "Albacore")
  - [bigeye](/wiki/Bigeye_tuna "Bigeye tuna")
  - [Atlantic bluefin](/wiki/Atlantic_bluefin_tuna "Atlantic bluefin tuna")
  - [Pacific bluefin](/wiki/Pacific_bluefin_tuna "Pacific bluefin tuna")
  - [southern bluefin](/wiki/Southern_bluefin_tuna "Southern bluefin tuna")
  - [skipjack](/wiki/Skipjack_tuna "Skipjack tuna")
  - [yellowfin](/wiki/Yellowfin_tuna "Yellowfin tuna")

[Forage fish](/wiki/Forage_fish "Forage fish")

- [Anchovy](/wiki/Anchovy "Anchovy")
- [Capelin](/wiki/Capelin "Capelin")
- [Herring](/wiki/Herring "Herring")
- Ilish
- [Menhaden](/wiki/Menhaden "Menhaden")
- [Sardines](/wiki/Sardine "Sardine")
- [Saury](/wiki/Pacific_saury "Pacific saury")
- [Shad](/wiki/Shad "Shad")
- [Sprat](/wiki/Sprat "Sprat")
  - [european](/wiki/European_sprat "European sprat")

[Demersal fish](/wiki/Demersal_fish "Demersal fish")

- [Catfish](/wiki/Catfish "Catfish")
- [Cod](/wiki/Cod "Cod")
  - [Atlantic](/wiki/Atlantic_cod "Atlantic cod")
  - [Pacific](/wiki/Pacific_cod "Pacific cod")
  - [Alaska pollock](/wiki/Alaska_pollock "Alaska pollock")
- [Flatfish](/wiki/Flatfish "Flatfish")
  - [flounder](/wiki/Flounder "Flounder")
  - [halibut](/wiki/Halibut "Halibut")
  - [plaice](/wiki/Plaice "Plaice")
  - [sole](/wiki/Sole_(fish) "Sole (fish)")
  - [turbot](/wiki/Turbot "Turbot")
- [Haddock](/wiki/Haddock "Haddock")
- [Mullet](/wiki/Mullet_(fish) "Mullet (fish)")
- [Orange roughy](/wiki/Orange_roughy "Orange roughy")
- [Pollock](/wiki/Pollock "Pollock")
- [Rockfish](/wiki/Sebastes "Sebastes")
- [Smelt-whitings](/wiki/Sillaginidae "Sillaginidae")
- [Toothfish](/wiki/Toothfish "Toothfish")

[Freshwater fish](/wiki/Freshwater_fish "Freshwater fish")

- [Carp](/wiki/Carp "Carp")
- [Sturgeon](/wiki/Sturgeon "Sturgeon")
- [Tilapia](/wiki/Tilapia "Tilapia")
- [Trout](/wiki/Trout "Trout")

[Other wild fish](/wiki/Wild_fish "Wild fish")

- [Eel](/wiki/Eel "Eel")
- [Whitebait](/wiki/Whitebait "Whitebait")
- [more...](/wiki/Category:Commercial_fish "Category:Commercial fish")

[Crustaceans](/wiki/Crustacean "Crustacean")

- [Crab](/wiki/Crab "Crab")
- [Krill](/wiki/Krill "Krill")
- [Lobster](/wiki/Lobster "Lobster")
- [Shrimp](/wiki/Shrimp "Shrimp")
  - [Prawns](/wiki/Prawn "Prawn")
- [more...](/wiki/Category:Commercial_crustaceans "Category:Commercial crustaceans")

[Molluscs](/wiki/Mollusc "Mollusc")

- [Abalone](/wiki/Abalone "Abalone")
- [Mussels](/wiki/Mussel "Mussel")
- [Octopus](/wiki/Octopus "Octopus")
- [Oysters](/wiki/Oyster "Oyster")
- [Scallops](/wiki/Scallop "Scallop")
- [Squid](/wiki/Squid "Squid")
- [more...](/wiki/Category:Commercial_molluscs "Category:Commercial molluscs")

[Echinoderms](/wiki/Echinoderm "Echinoderm")

- [Sea cucumbers](/wiki/Sea_cucumber "Sea cucumber")
- [Sea urchin](/wiki/Sea_urchin "Sea urchin")
- [more...](/wiki/Category:Commercial_echinoderms "Category:Commercial echinoderms")

Fisheries

- [Cod fisheries](/wiki/Cod_fisheries "Cod fisheries")
- [Crab fisheries](/wiki/Crab_fisheries "Crab fisheries")
- [Krill fishery](/wiki/Krill_fishery "Krill fishery")
- [Lobster fishing](/wiki/Lobster_fishing "Lobster fishing")
- [Shrimp fishery](/wiki/Shrimp_fishery "Shrimp fishery")

[![Atlantic cod](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atlantic_cod.jpg/140px-Atlantic_cod.jpg)](/wiki/File:Atlantic_cod.jpg "Atlantic cod")

[![Lobster](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Lobster_%28PSF%29.png/100px-Lobster_%28PSF%29.png)](/wiki/File:Lobster_(PSF).png "Lobster")

[![Pacific oysters](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Pacific_oysters_01.jpg/80px-Pacific_oysters_01.jpg)](/wiki/File:Pacific_oysters_01.jpg "Pacific oysters")

[Farmed](/wiki/Aquaculture "Aquaculture")

- [Carp](/wiki/Carp#Aquaculture "Carp")
  - [bighead](/wiki/Bighead_carp "Bighead carp")
  - [common](/wiki/Common_carp "Common carp")
  - [crucian](/wiki/Crucian_carp "Crucian carp")
  - [grass](/wiki/Grass_carp "Grass carp")
  - [silver](/wiki/Silver_carp "Silver carp")
- [Catfish](/wiki/Aquaculture_of_catfish "Aquaculture of catfish")
- [Freshwater prawns](/wiki/Freshwater_prawn_farming "Freshwater prawn farming")
- [Gilt-head bream](/wiki/Gilt-head_bream "Gilt-head bream")
- [Mussels](/wiki/Mussel#Aquaculture "Mussel")
- [Oysters](/wiki/Oyster_farming "Oyster farming")
- [Salmon](/wiki/Aquaculture_of_salmon "Aquaculture of salmon")
  - [Atlantic](/wiki/Atlantic_salmon "Atlantic salmon")
  - [salmon trout](/wiki/Rainbow_trout "Rainbow trout")
  - [coho](/wiki/Coho_salmon "Coho salmon")
  - [chinook](/wiki/Chinook_salmon "Chinook salmon")
- [Scallops](/wiki/Scallop_aquaculture "Scallop aquaculture")
- [Seaweed](/wiki/Seaweed_farming "Seaweed farming")
- [Shrimp](/wiki/Marine_shrimp_farming "Marine shrimp farming")
- [Tilapia](/wiki/Aquaculture_of_tilapia "Aquaculture of tilapia")

- [Commercial fishing](/wiki/Commercial_fishing "Commercial fishing")
- [World fish production](/wiki/World_fish_production "World fish production")
- [Commercial species](/wiki/List_of_commercially_important_fish_species "List of commercially important fish species")
- [Fishing topics](/wiki/List_of_fishing_topics_by_subject "List of fishing topics by subject")
- [Fisheries glossary](/wiki/Fisheries_glossary "Fisheries glossary")

[Taxon identifiers](/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers "Help:Taxon identifiers")

_Tenualosa ilisha_

- [Wikidata](/wiki/Wikidata "Wikidata"): [Q1709642](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1709642 "wikidata:Q1709642")
- [Wikispecies](/wiki/Wikispecies "Wikispecies"): [Tenualosa ilisha](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tenualosa_ilisha "wikispecies:Tenualosa ilisha")
- [ARKive](/wiki/ARKive "ARKive"): [tenualosa-ilisha](https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.arkive.org/wd/tenualosa-ilisha/)
- [BOLD](/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System "Barcode of Life Data System"): [462467](http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=462467)
- [CoL](/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life "Catalogue of Life"): [55B85](https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/55B85)
- [FishBase](/wiki/FishBase "FishBase"): [1596](https://www.fishbase.ca/summary/1596)
- [GBIF](/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility "Global Biodiversity Information Facility"): [2413382](https://www.gbif.org/species/2413382)
- [iNaturalist](/wiki/INaturalist "INaturalist"): [446566](https://inaturalist.org/taxa/446566)
- [IRMNG](/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera "Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera"): [10152545](https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10152545)
- [ITIS](/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System "Integrated Taxonomic Information System"): [551297](https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=551297)
- [IUCN](/wiki/IUCN_Red_List "IUCN Red List"): [166442](https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/166442)
- [NCBI](/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information "National Center for Biotechnology Information"): [373995](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=373995)
- [OBIS](/wiki/Ocean_Biodiversity_Information_System "Ocean Biodiversity Information System"): [278568](https://obis.org/taxon/278568)
- [Open Tree of Life](/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life "Open Tree of Life"): [162234](https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=162234)
- [WoRMS](/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species "World Register of Marine Species"): [278568](https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=278568)

[Authority control databases](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control")[![Edit this at Wikidata](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png)](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1709642#identifiers "Edit this at Wikidata")

National

- [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh98004287)
- [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb17824072r)
- [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb17824072r)
- [Israel](http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007532650005171)

Other

- [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/237076055)

- [v](/wiki/Template:West_Bengal "Template:West Bengal")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:West_Bengal "Template talk:West Bengal")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:West_Bengal "Special:EditPage/Template:West Bengal")

State of [West Bengal](/wiki/West_Bengal "West Bengal")

[Capital](/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India "List of state and union territory capitals in India"): **[Kolkata](/wiki/Kolkata "Kolkata")**

[State symbols](/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_symbols "List of Indian state symbols")

- [Emblem](/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_emblems "List of Indian state emblems"): [Emblem of West Bengal](/wiki/Emblem_of_West_Bengal "Emblem of West Bengal")
- [Anthem](/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_anthems "List of Indian state anthems"): [Banglar Mati Banglar Jol](/wiki/Banglar_Mati_Banglar_Jol "Banglar Mati Banglar Jol")
- [Animal](/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_animals "List of Indian state animals"): [Fishing cat](/wiki/Fishing_cat "Fishing cat")
- [Bird](/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_birds "List of Indian state birds"): [White-throated kingfisher](/wiki/White-throated_kingfisher "White-throated kingfisher")
- [Flower](/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_flowers "List of Indian state flowers"): [Night-flowering jasmine (Shiuli)](/wiki/Nyctanthes_arbor-tristis "Nyctanthes arbor-tristis")
- [Tree](/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_trees "List of Indian state trees"): [Devil's tree (Saptaparni)](/wiki/Alstonia_scholaris "Alstonia scholaris")
- Fish: Ilish

[History](/wiki/History_of_Bengal "History of Bengal")

- [Gauda Kingdom](/wiki/Gauda_Kingdom "Gauda Kingdom")
  - [Shashanka](/wiki/Shashanka "Shashanka")
- [Pala Empire](/wiki/Pala_Empire "Pala Empire")
- [Sena dynasty](/wiki/Sena_dynasty "Sena dynasty")
- [Mallabhum kingdom](/wiki/Mallabhum_kingdom "Mallabhum kingdom")
- [Cooch Behar State](/wiki/Cooch_Behar_State "Cooch Behar State")
- [Sher Shah Suri](/wiki/Sher_Shah_Suri "Sher Shah Suri")
- [Mughal Empire](/wiki/Mughal_Empire "Mughal Empire")
- [Nawabs of Bengal](/wiki/Nawabs_of_Bengal "Nawabs of Bengal")
- [East India Company](/wiki/East_India_Company "East India Company")
- [Battle of Plassey](/wiki/Battle_of_Plassey "Battle of Plassey")
- [Bengal Presidency](/wiki/Bengal_Presidency "Bengal Presidency")
- [Great Bengal famine of 1770](/wiki/Great_Bengal_famine_of_1770 "Great Bengal famine of 1770")
- [Indian Rebellion of 1857](/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857 "Indian Rebellion of 1857")
- [Bengal Renaissance](/wiki/Bengal_Renaissance "Bengal Renaissance")
- [Bardhaman Raj](/wiki/Bardhaman_Raj "Bardhaman Raj")
- [Nadia Raj](/wiki/Nadia_Raj "Nadia Raj")
- [Jhargram Raj](/wiki/Jhargram_Raj "Jhargram Raj")
- [Sovabazar Raj](/wiki/Sovabazar_Raj "Sovabazar Raj")
- [Partition of Bengal (1905)](/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905) "Partition of Bengal (1905)")
- [Revolutionary movement for Indian independence](/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence "Revolutionary movement for Indian independence")
- [Anushilan Samiti](/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti "Anushilan Samiti")
- [Jugantar](/wiki/Jugantar "Jugantar")
- [Bengal famine of 1943](/wiki/Bengal_famine_of_1943 "Bengal famine of 1943")
- [Direct Action Day](/wiki/Direct_Action_Day "Direct Action Day")
- [Noakhali riots](/wiki/Noakhali_riots "Noakhali riots")
- [Partition of Bengal (1947)](/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1947) "Partition of Bengal (1947)")
- [Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)](/wiki/Bengali_Language_Movement_(Manbhum) "Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)")
- [Bangladesh Liberation War](/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War "Bangladesh Liberation War")
- [Naxalite–Maoist insurgency](/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency "Naxalite–Maoist insurgency")

[Geography](/wiki/Geography_of_West_Bengal "Geography of West Bengal")

- [Bengal Basin](/wiki/Bengal_Basin "Bengal Basin")
- [Darjeeling Himalayan hill region](/wiki/Darjeeling_Himalayan_hill_region "Darjeeling Himalayan hill region")
- [Terai](/wiki/Terai "Terai")
- [North Bengal plains](/wiki/North_Bengal_plains "North Bengal plains")
- [Dooars](/wiki/Dooars "Dooars")
- [Rarh region](/wiki/Rarh_region "Rarh region")
- [Sundarbans](/wiki/Sundarbans "Sundarbans")
- [Western plateau and high lands](/wiki/Vajjabhumi "Vajjabhumi")
- [Ganges Delta](/wiki/Ganges_Delta "Ganges Delta")
- [Climate](/wiki/Climate_of_West_Bengal "Climate of West Bengal")
- [Sandakphu (Highest point)](/wiki/Sandakphu "Sandakphu")
- [Protected areas of West Bengal](/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_West_Bengal "List of protected areas of West Bengal")
- [Rivers of West Bengal](/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_West_Bengal "Category:Rivers of West Bengal")
  - [Ganga](/wiki/Ganges "Ganges")
  - [Damodar River](/wiki/Damodar_River "Damodar River")
  - [Brahmaputra River](/wiki/Brahmaputra_River "Brahmaputra River")
  - [Teesta River](/wiki/Teesta_River "Teesta River")
  - [Hooghly River](/wiki/Hooghly_River "Hooghly River")
- [Khoai](/wiki/Khoai "Khoai")
- [Tiger Hill, Darjeeling](/wiki/Tiger_Hill,_Darjeeling "Tiger Hill, Darjeeling")
- [Siliguri Corridor](/wiki/Siliguri_Corridor "Siliguri Corridor")

[Governance](/wiki/Government_of_West_Bengal "Government of West Bengal")

- [Chief Ministers](/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_West_Bengal "List of chief ministers of West Bengal")
- [Governor](/wiki/List_of_governors_of_West_Bengal "List of governors of West Bengal")
- [Legislative Assembly](/wiki/West_Bengal_Legislative_Assembly "West Bengal Legislative Assembly")
- [Human Rights Commission](/wiki/West_Bengal_Human_Rights_Commission "West Bengal Human Rights Commission")
- [Political parties](/wiki/Category:Political_parties_in_West_Bengal "Category:Political parties in West Bengal") ( [All India Trinamool Congress](/wiki/Trinamool_Congress "Trinamool Congress")
- [Communist Party (Marxist)](/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist) "Communist Party of India (Marxist)")
- [Indian National Congress](/wiki/West_Bengal_Pradesh_Congress_Committee "West Bengal Pradesh Congress Committee")
- [Bharatiya Janata Party](/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party,_West_Bengal "Bharatiya Janata Party, West Bengal"))
- [Parliamentary constituencies](/wiki/Template:Lok_Sabha_constituencies_of_West_Bengal "Template:Lok Sabha constituencies of West Bengal")
- [Assembly constituencies](/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_the_West_Bengal_Legislative_Assembly "List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly")
- [CID West Bengal](/wiki/CID_West_Bengal "CID West Bengal")
- [Kolkata Police](/wiki/Kolkata_Police "Kolkata Police")

[Rights groups](/wiki/Advocacy_group "Advocacy group")

- [Matua Mahasangha](/wiki/Matua_Mahasangha "Matua Mahasangha")
- [Bangla Pokkho](/wiki/Bangla_Pokkho "Bangla Pokkho")

[Divisions](/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_West_Bengal "Administrative divisions of West Bengal") and

[districts](/wiki/List_of_districts_of_West_Bengal "List of districts of West Bengal")

[Burdwan division](/wiki/Burdwan_division "Burdwan division")

- [Birbhum](/wiki/Birbhum_district "Birbhum district")
- [Hooghly](/wiki/Hooghly_district "Hooghly district")
- [Paschim Bardhaman](/wiki/Paschim_Bardhaman_district "Paschim Bardhaman district")
- [Purba Bardhaman](/wiki/Purba_Bardhaman_district "Purba Bardhaman district")

[Jalpaiguri division](/wiki/Jalpaiguri_division "Jalpaiguri division")

- [Alipurduar](/wiki/Alipurduar_district "Alipurduar district")
- [Cooch Behar](/wiki/Cooch_Behar_district "Cooch Behar district")
- [Darjeeling](/wiki/Darjeeling_district "Darjeeling district")
- [Jalpaiguri](/wiki/Jalpaiguri_district "Jalpaiguri district")
- [Kalimpong](/wiki/Kalimpong_district "Kalimpong district")

[Malda division](/wiki/Malda_division "Malda division")

- [Dakshin Dinajpur](/wiki/Dakshin_Dinajpur_district "Dakshin Dinajpur district")
- [Berhampore](/wiki/Berhampore_district "Berhampore district") (declared)
- [Malda](/wiki/Malda_district "Malda district")
- [Murshidabad](/wiki/Murshidabad_district "Murshidabad district")
- [Uttar Dinajpur](/wiki/Uttar_Dinajpur_district "Uttar Dinajpur district")

[Medinipur division](/wiki/Medinipur_division "Medinipur division")

- [Bankura](/wiki/Bankura_district "Bankura district")
- [Bishnupur](/wiki/Bishnupur_district,_West_Bengal "Bishnupur district, West Bengal") (declared)
- [Jhargram](/wiki/Jhargram_district "Jhargram district")
- [Paschim Medinipur](/wiki/Paschim_Medinipur_district "Paschim Medinipur district")
- [Purba Medinipur](/wiki/Purba_Medinipur_district "Purba Medinipur district")
- [Purulia](/wiki/Purulia_district "Purulia district")

[Presidency division](/wiki/Presidency_division "Presidency division")

- [Basirhat](/wiki/Basirhat_district "Basirhat district") (declared)
- [Howrah](/wiki/Howrah_district "Howrah district")
- [Ichamati](/wiki/Ichamati_district "Ichamati district") (declared)
- [Kolkata](/wiki/Kolkata_district "Kolkata district")
- [Nadia](/wiki/Nadia_district "Nadia district")
- [North 24 Parganas](/wiki/North_24_Parganas_district "North 24 Parganas district")
- [Ranaghat](/wiki/Ranaghat_district "Ranaghat district") (declared)
- [Sundarbans](/wiki/Sundarbans_district "Sundarbans district") (declared)
- [South 24 Parganas](/wiki/South_24_Parganas "South 24 Parganas")

[Cities and\
\
towns](/wiki/Cities_and_towns_in_West_Bengal "Cities and towns in West Bengal")

- [Alipore](/wiki/Alipore "Alipore")
- [Asansol](/wiki/Asansol "Asansol")
- [Berhampore](/wiki/Berhampore "Berhampore")
- [Balurghat](/wiki/Balurghat "Balurghat")
- [Bankura](/wiki/Bankura "Bankura")
- [Barasat](/wiki/Barasat "Barasat")
- [Bardhaman](/wiki/Bardhaman "Bardhaman")
- [Bishnupur](/wiki/Bishnupur,_Bankura "Bishnupur, Bankura")
- [Hugli-Chuchura](/wiki/Hugli-Chuchura "Hugli-Chuchura")
- [Cooch Behar](/wiki/Cooch_Behar "Cooch Behar")
- [Darjeeling](/wiki/Darjeeling "Darjeeling")
- [Durgapur](/wiki/Durgapur "Durgapur")
- [Haldia](/wiki/Haldia "Haldia")
- [Howrah](/wiki/Howrah "Howrah")
- [Jalpaiguri](/wiki/Jalpaiguri "Jalpaiguri")
- [Jaynagar Majilpur](/wiki/Jaynagar_Majilpur "Jaynagar Majilpur")
- [Jiaganj Azimganj](/wiki/Jiaganj_Azimganj "Jiaganj Azimganj")
- [Kalimpong](/wiki/Kalimpong "Kalimpong")
- [Kharagpur](/wiki/Kharagpur "Kharagpur")
- [Kolkata](/wiki/Kolkata "Kolkata")
- [Krishnanagar](/wiki/Krishnanagar,_Nadia "Krishnanagar, Nadia")
- [Kurseong](/wiki/Kurseong "Kurseong")
- [Malda](/wiki/Malda,_West_Bengal "Malda, West Bengal")
- [Midnapore](/wiki/Midnapore "Midnapore")
- [Murshidabad](/wiki/Murshidabad "Murshidabad")
- [Purulia](/wiki/Purulia "Purulia")
- [Raiganj](/wiki/Raiganj "Raiganj")
- [Siliguri](/wiki/Siliguri "Siliguri")
- [Siuri](/wiki/Suri,_Birbhum "Suri, Birbhum")
- [Tamluk](/wiki/Tamluk "Tamluk")
- [List of cities in West Bengal by population](/wiki/List_of_cities_in_West_Bengal_by_population "List of cities in West Bengal by population")
- [Cities and towns by district](/wiki/Category:West_Bengal_cities_and_towns_by_district_templates "Category:West Bengal cities and towns by district templates")

[Culture](/wiki/Culture_of_West_Bengal "Culture of West Bengal")

- [Bengal Renaissance](/wiki/Bengal_Renaissance "Bengal Renaissance")
- [Bengali calendars](/wiki/Bengali_calendars "Bengali calendars")
- [Patachitra](/wiki/Pattachitra "Pattachitra")
- [Chalchitra](/wiki/Chalchitra "Chalchitra")
- [Arts of West Bengal](/wiki/Arts_of_West_Bengal "Arts of West Bengal")
- [Baul](/wiki/Baul "Baul")
- [Bhadu](/wiki/Bhadu_(festival) "Bhadu (festival)")
- [Gombhira](/wiki/Gombhira "Gombhira")
- [Chhau dance](/wiki/Chhau_dance "Chhau dance")
- [Cuisine](/wiki/Bengali_cuisine "Bengali cuisine")
- [Rabindra Sangeet](/wiki/Rabindra_Sangeet "Rabindra Sangeet")
- [Rabindra Nritya Natya](/wiki/Rabindra_Nritya_Natya "Rabindra Nritya Natya")
- [Holi](/wiki/Holi "Holi")
  - [Dol Purnima](/wiki/Dol_Purnima "Dol Purnima")
- [Prostitution in Kolkata](/wiki/Prostitution_in_Kolkata "Prostitution in Kolkata")
- [Pohela Boishakh](/wiki/Pohela_Boishakh "Pohela Boishakh")
- [Durga Puja](/wiki/Durga_Puja "Durga Puja")
- [Bhai Dooj](/wiki/Bhai_Dooj "Bhai Dooj")
- [Raksha Bandhan](/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan "Raksha Bandhan")
- [Ratha Yatra](/wiki/Ratha_Yatra "Ratha Yatra")
- [Architecture of Bengal](/wiki/Architecture_of_Bengal "Architecture of Bengal")
  - [Bengal temples](/wiki/Bengal_temple_architecture "Bengal temple architecture")
- [Bengali language](/wiki/Bengali_language "Bengali language")
- [Bengali literature](/wiki/Bengali_literature "Bengali literature")
  - [Feluda](/wiki/Feluda "Feluda")
  - [Lalmohan Ganguly](/wiki/Lalmohan_Ganguly "Lalmohan Ganguly")
  - [Professor Shonku](/wiki/Professor_Shonku "Professor Shonku")
  - [Tarini Khuro](/wiki/Tarini_Khuro "Tarini Khuro")
  - [Kakababu](/wiki/Kakababu "Kakababu")
  - [Kiriti Roy](/wiki/Kiriti_Roy "Kiriti Roy")
  - [Pather Panchali (novel)](/wiki/Pather_Panchali_(novel) "Pather Panchali (novel)")
- [Bengali cinema](/wiki/Bengali_cinema,_India "Bengali cinema, India")
- [Jatra](/wiki/Jatra_(theatre) "Jatra (theatre)")
- [Ghosts in Bengali culture](/wiki/Ghosts_in_Bengali_culture "Ghosts in Bengali culture")

[GI products](/wiki/Geographical_indication "Geographical indication")

- [Baluchari sari](/wiki/Baluchari_sari "Baluchari sari")
- [Banglar Rosogolla](/wiki/Rasgulla "Rasgulla")
- [Banglar Muslin](/wiki/Muslin "Muslin")
- [Bankura horse](/wiki/Bankura_horse "Bankura horse")
- [Bengal Patachitra](/wiki/Pattachitra "Pattachitra")
- [Chhau mask](/wiki/Chhau_mask "Chhau mask")
- [Darjeeling tea](/wiki/Darjeeling_tea "Darjeeling tea")
- [Dhaniakhali Sari](/wiki/Dhaniakhali_Sari "Dhaniakhali Sari")
- [Dhokra](/wiki/Dhokra "Dhokra")
- [Fazli (mango)](/wiki/Fazli_(mango) "Fazli (mango)")
- [Garad Saree](/wiki/Garad_Saree "Garad Saree")
- [Gobindobhog](/wiki/Gobindobhog "Gobindobhog")
- [Himsagar](/wiki/Himsagar "Himsagar")
- [Jaynagarer Moa](/wiki/Jaynagarer_Moa "Jaynagarer Moa")
- [Madurkathi](/wiki/Madurkathi "Madurkathi")
- [Manasa chali](/wiki/Manasa_chali "Manasa chali")
- [Mihidana](/wiki/Mihidana "Mihidana")
- [Nakshi kantha](/wiki/Nakshi_kantha "Nakshi kantha")
- [Santiniketan Leather Goods](/wiki/Santiniketan_Leather_Goods "Santiniketan Leather Goods")
- [Shantipuri sari](/wiki/Shantipuri_sari "Shantipuri sari")
- [Sitabhog](/wiki/Sitabhog "Sitabhog")
- [Sundarban Honey](/wiki/Sundarban_Honey "Sundarban Honey")
- [Tangail Saree](/wiki/Tangail_Saree_(West_Bengal) "Tangail Saree (West Bengal)")
- [Tulaipanji](/wiki/Tulaipanji "Tulaipanji")

Demographics

- [Bengali people](/wiki/Bengalis "Bengalis")
- [Bihari people](/wiki/Biharis "Biharis")
- [Economy of West Bengal](/wiki/Economy_of_West_Bengal "Economy of West Bengal")
- [Gurkha](/wiki/Indian_Gorkha "Indian Gorkha")
- [Adivasi](/wiki/Adivasi "Adivasi")
- [Rajbanshi](/wiki/Rajbanshi_people "Rajbanshi people")
- [Anglo-Indian people](/wiki/Anglo-Indian_people "Anglo-Indian people")
- [Ethnic communities in Kolkata](/wiki/Ethnic_communities_in_Kolkata "Ethnic communities in Kolkata")
- [List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate](/wiki/List_of_West_Bengal_districts_ranked_by_literacy_rate "List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate")
- [Discrimination against Bengalis in India](/wiki/Discrimination_against_Bengalis_in_India "Discrimination against Bengalis in India")

[People](/wiki/List_of_people_from_West_Bengal "List of people from West Bengal")

- [Rabindranath Tagore](/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore "Rabindranath Tagore")
- [Satyajit Ray](/wiki/Satyajit_Ray "Satyajit Ray")
- [Kazi Nazrul Islam](/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam "Kazi Nazrul Islam")
- [Anil Kumar Gain](/wiki/Anil_Kumar_Gain "Anil Kumar Gain")
- [Ritwik Ghatak](/wiki/Ritwik_Ghatak "Ritwik Ghatak")
- [Subhas Chandra Bose](/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose "Subhas Chandra Bose")
- [Jamini Roy](/wiki/Jamini_Roy "Jamini Roy")
- [Bidhan Chandra Roy](/wiki/Bidhan_Chandra_Roy "Bidhan Chandra Roy")
- [Jyoti Basu](/wiki/Jyoti_Basu "Jyoti Basu")
- [Nandalal Bose](/wiki/Nandalal_Bose "Nandalal Bose")
- [Jagadish Chandra Bose](/wiki/Jagadish_Chandra_Bose "Jagadish Chandra Bose")
- [Meghnad Saha](/wiki/Meghnad_Saha "Meghnad Saha")
- [Bankim Chandra Chatterjee](/wiki/Bankim_Chandra_Chatterjee "Bankim Chandra Chatterjee")
- [Sarat Chandra Bose](/wiki/Sarat_Chandra_Bose "Sarat Chandra Bose")
- [Jnanadanandini Devi](/wiki/Jnanadanandini_Devi "Jnanadanandini Devi")
- [Abanindranath Tagore](/wiki/Abanindranath_Tagore "Abanindranath Tagore")
- [Satyendranath Tagore](/wiki/Satyendranath_Tagore "Satyendranath Tagore")
- [Satyendranath Dutta](/wiki/Satyendranath_Dutta "Satyendranath Dutta")
- [Raja Ram Mohan Roy](/wiki/Raja_Ram_Mohan_Roy "Raja Ram Mohan Roy")
- [Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar](/wiki/Ishwar_Chandra_Vidyasagar "Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar")
- [Rani Rashmoni](/wiki/Rani_Rashmoni "Rani Rashmoni")
- [Ramakrishna](/wiki/Ramakrishna "Ramakrishna")
- [Swami Vivekananda](/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda "Swami Vivekananda")
- [Sarada Devi](/wiki/Sarada_Devi "Sarada Devi")
- [Dwarkanath Tagore](/wiki/Dwarkanath_Tagore "Dwarkanath Tagore")
- [Sukumar Ray](/wiki/Sukumar_Ray "Sukumar Ray")
- [Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury](/wiki/Upendrakishore_Ray_Chowdhury "Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury")
- [Michael Madhusudan Dutt](/wiki/Michael_Madhusudan_Dutt "Michael Madhusudan Dutt")
- [Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay](/wiki/Sarat_Chandra_Chattopadhyay "Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay")
- [Sister Nivedita](/wiki/Sister_Nivedita "Sister Nivedita")
- [Mother Teresa](/wiki/Mother_Teresa "Mother Teresa")
- [Amartya Sen](/wiki/Amartya_Sen "Amartya Sen")
- [Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay](/wiki/Bibhutibhushan_Bandyopadhyay "Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay")
- [Nihar Ranjan Gupta](/wiki/Nihar_Ranjan_Gupta "Nihar Ranjan Gupta")

[Image gallery at Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:West_Bengal "commons:Category:West Bengal")

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[Categories](/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"):

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