The Eras & History Of Jazz Music - Greater Toronto Music School
Hard bop/modal jazz/Latin jazz and Brazilian (late 1950s-1960s). The hard bop era of jazz was a partial return to the fast tempos and angular ...
souljazz
The hard bop era of jazz was a partial return to the fast tempos and angular nature of bebop, fused with a heavy gospel influence and incorporation of African and Latin rhythms. Sometimes called <anchor>souljazz</anchor> or funky jazz, (famous label of the time as well as a reference to the sound) a strong connection to the blues can be heard in its mostly minor key and mode compositions. A lot of the sounds and concepts that were developed in this time can still be heard in today's jazz. Another form of jazz known as modal jazz also emerged at this time. The Seminole Miles Davis album Kind of Blue is a great example of this sound. Another iconic figure of this time is John Coltrane. He came up through Miles Davis's band and began to make a name for himself as a composer as well. Having previously played through the hard bop and cool Jazz era, Trane was both a sensitive, lyrical player as well as one of the most fiercely angular and complex players. His classic album A love supreme has heavy spiritual themes fused with soulful writing and both dynamic and virtuosic playing, fusing elements of bebop, modal jazz and souljazz. The modal style is characterized by less complex chord changes (sometimes only one chord or longer duration spent on each chord), giving the soloist more time to explore different scales and modes creating different textures and sounds. Modal Jazz and elements of this style are still very much present in today's jazz music.
Soul jazz - Wikipedia
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- [1Musical style](#Musical_style)
- [2History](#History)Toggle History subsection  - [2.1Origins](#Origins)
  - [2.2Mainstream](#Mainstream)
  - [2.3Fusion](#Fusion)
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# Soul jazz

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Music genre

For the record label, see [Soul Jazz Records](/wiki/Soul_Jazz_Records "Soul Jazz Records").

Soul jazz[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Stanley_Turrentine.jpg/220px-Stanley_Turrentine.jpg)](/wiki/File:Stanley_Turrentine.jpg)

Stanley Turrentine performing live in [Half Moon Bay](/wiki/Half_Moon_Bay "Half Moon Bay"), California

Stylistic origins

- [Hard bop](/wiki/Hard_bop "Hard bop")
- [jazz](/wiki/Jazz "Jazz")
- [soul](/wiki/Soul_music "Soul music")
- [blues](/wiki/Blues "Blues")
- [rhythm and blues](/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues "Rhythm and blues")
- [gospel](/wiki/Gospel_music "Gospel music")

Cultural origins1950sFusion genres[Jazz-funk](/wiki/Jazz-funk "Jazz-funk")

**Soul jazz** or **funky jazz** is a subgenre of [jazz](/wiki/Jazz "Jazz") that incorporates strong influences from [hard bop](/wiki/Hard_bop "Hard bop"), [blues](/wiki/Blues "Blues"), [soul](/wiki/Soul_music "Soul music"), [gospel](/wiki/Gospel_music "Gospel music") and [rhythm and blues](/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues "Rhythm and blues"). Soul jazz is often characterized by [organ trios](/wiki/Organ_trio "Organ trio") featuring the [Hammond organ](/wiki/Hammond_organ "Hammond organ") and small combos including [saxophone](/wiki/Saxophone "Saxophone"), [brass instruments](/wiki/Brass_instrument "Brass instrument"), [electric guitar](/wiki/Electric_guitar "Electric guitar"), bass, drums, piano, vocals and electric organ. Its origins were in the 1950s and early 1960s, with its heyday with popular audiences preceding the rise of [jazz fusion](/wiki/Jazz_fusion "Jazz fusion") in the late 1960s and 1970s. Prominent names in fusion ranged from bop pianists including [Bobby Timmons](/wiki/Bobby_Timmons "Bobby Timmons") and [Junior Mance](/wiki/Junior_Mance "Junior Mance") to a wide range of organists, saxophonists, pianists, drummers and electric guitarists including [Jack McDuff](/wiki/Jack_McDuff "Jack McDuff"), [Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis](/wiki/Eddie_%22Lockjaw%22_Davis "Eddie \"Lockjaw\" Davis"), and [Grant Green](/wiki/Grant_Green "Grant Green").[\[1\]](#cite_note-1)

## Musical style

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Musical style")\]

Soul jazz is often associated with [hard bop](/wiki/Hard_bop "Hard bop").[\[2\]](#cite_note-gridley-2)[\[3\]](#cite_note-tanner-3)[\[4\]](#cite_note-carr-4) Mark C. Gridley, writing for the _[All Music Guide to Jazz](/wiki/All_Music_Guide_to_Jazz "All Music Guide to Jazz")_, explains that soul jazz more specifically refers to music with "an earthy, bluesy melodic concept" and "repetitive, dance-like rhythms.... Note that some listeners make no distinction between 'soul-jazz' and 'funky hard bop,' and many musicians don't consider 'soul-jazz' to be continuous with 'hard bop.'"[\[2\]](#cite_note-gridley-2)

According to Nick Morrison, the subgenre "usually begins with the bass player" who "take\[s\] a strong bass line, establish\[es\] a steady groove between the bass and drums", before the band can "embellish that groove with riffs and melody lines".[\[5\]](#cite_note-:0-5)

Jazz pianist Horace Silver stated that "\[f\]unky means earthy and blues-based. It might not be blues itself, but it does have that 'down-home' feel to it. Soul is basically the same, but there's an added dimension of feeling and spirit."[\[6\]](#cite_note-6)

## History

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: History")\]

### Origins

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Origins")\]

[Roy Carr](/wiki/Roy_Carr "Roy Carr") has described soul jazz as an outgrowth of hard bop, with the terms "funk" and "soul" appearing in a jazz context as early as the mid-1950s to describe "gospel-informed, down-home, call-and-response blues".[\[4\]](#cite_note-carr-4) Carr has also noted the influence of [Ray Charles](/wiki/Ray_Charles "Ray Charles")' small group recordings (which included saxophonists [David "Fathead" Newman](/wiki/David_%22Fathead%22_Newman "David \"Fathead\" Newman") and [Hank Crawford](/wiki/Hank_Crawford "Hank Crawford")) on [Horace Silver](/wiki/Horace_Silver "Horace Silver"), [Art Blakey](/wiki/Art_Blakey "Art Blakey"), [Cannonball Adderley](/wiki/Cannonball_Adderley "Cannonball Adderley").[\[4\]](#cite_note-carr-4) In his view, [David Sanborn](/wiki/David_Sanborn "David Sanborn") and [Maceo Parker](/wiki/Maceo_Parker "Maceo Parker") are in a line of [alto saxophonists](/wiki/Alto_saxophone "Alto saxophone") that includes [Earl Bostic](/wiki/Earl_Bostic "Earl Bostic"), [Tab Smith](/wiki/Tab_Smith "Tab Smith"), Adderley, and [Lou Donaldson](/wiki/Lou_Donaldson "Lou Donaldson") as the strongest links in the chain of the genre's evolution.[\[4\]](#cite_note-carr-4)

In the early to mid-1950s, after he left the [Count Basie Orchestra](/wiki/Count_Basie_Orchestra "Count Basie Orchestra"), saxophonist Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis was among the first to form a jazz group with both organ and saxophone, first with [Bill Doggett](/wiki/Bill_Doggett "Bill Doggett") and later [Shirley Scott](/wiki/Shirley_Scott "Shirley Scott").[\[7\]](#cite_note-7) For this and his "full bodied yet reedy tone that was equally at home in rhythm & blues settings as more modern contexts," he "provided a link" between big band swing and soul jazz.[\[8\]](#cite_note-8)

Soul jazz continued to develop in the late 1950s, reaching public awareness with the release of _[The Cannonball Adderley Quintet in San Francisco](/wiki/The_Cannonball_Adderley_Quintet_in_San_Francisco "The Cannonball Adderley Quintet in San Francisco")_.[\[9\]](#cite_note-NPR-9)[\[10\]](#cite_note-10) Cannonball Adderley noted: "We were pressured quite heavily by [Riverside Records](/wiki/Riverside_Records "Riverside Records") when they discovered there was a word called 'soul'. We became, from an image point of view, soul jazz artists. They kept promoting us that way and I kept deliberately fighting it, to the extent that it became a game."[\[11\]](#cite_note-11) Late 1950s, soul jazz artist [Curtis Fuller](/wiki/Curtis_Fuller "Curtis Fuller") recorded "Five Spot after Dark".[\[12\]](#cite_note-12)

### Mainstream

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Mainstream")\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Het_Less_McCann_trio_op_Schiphol%2C_vlnr_Less_McCann_%28piano%29%2C_Hurby_Loui_%28bas%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_914-5091.jpg/220px-Het_Less_McCann_trio_op_Schiphol%2C_vlnr_Less_McCann_%28piano%29%2C_Hurby_Loui_%28bas%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_914-5091.jpg)](/wiki/File:Het_Less_McCann_trio_op_Schiphol,_vlnr_Less_McCann_(piano),_Hurby_Loui_(bas),_Bestanddeelnr_914-5091.jpg) Les McCann Trio

Jimmy Smith's shift into soul jazz demonstrated the organ's potential within the genre with his albums _[Home Cookin'](/wiki/Home_Cookin%27_(album) "Home Cookin' (album)")_ (1961) and _[Back at the Chicken Shack](/wiki/Back_at_the_Chicken_Shack "Back at the Chicken Shack")_ (1963). Other organists who recorded in the soul jazz genre during this period include [Jack McDuff](/wiki/Jack_McDuff "Jack McDuff"), [Shirley Scott](/wiki/Shirley_Scott "Shirley Scott"), and [Charles Earland](/wiki/Charles_Earland "Charles Earland").[\[13\]](#cite_note-13) With the addition of former bebop and hard-bop musicians to the genre, the number of musicians within various facets of the style increased as soul jazz became a subgenre in its own right; and like its bop predecessor, the new genre of jazz reworked popular songs, such as " [Got My Mojo Workin'](/wiki/Got_My_Mojo_Working "Got My Mojo Working")," while saxophone and trumpet players recently converted to the genre composed hits including " [The Sidewinder](/wiki/The_Sidewinder_(composition) "The Sidewinder (composition)")", " [Mercy, Mercy, Mercy](/wiki/Mercy,_Mercy,_Mercy "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy")" and "Listen Here" during the mid-1960s.[\[5\]](#cite_note-:0-5)

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jimmy_Oscar_Smith_Hammond.JPG/230px-Jimmy_Oscar_Smith_Hammond.JPG)](/wiki/File:Jimmy_Oscar_Smith_Hammond.JPG) [Jimmy Smith](/wiki/Jimmy_Smith_(musician) "Jimmy Smith (musician)") on a [Hammond organ](/wiki/Hammond_organ "Hammond organ")

An accelerating factor in soul jazz's development was the [Black Power movement](/wiki/Black_Power_movement "Black Power movement"), which led African-American musicians to return to the African roots of their music. Tunes recorded within the genre, including "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy" and "Let My People Go" were direct references to the [civil rights](/wiki/Civil_rights_movement "Civil rights movement") and Black Power movements.[\[14\]](#cite_note-14) For instance, Adderley's music from the period has been described as containing an "irrepressible exuberance". Interest in the genre broadened when Adderley introduced Austrian-born keyboardist [Joe Zawinul](/wiki/Joe_Zawinul "Joe Zawinul") to soul jazz through his Quintet, with Zawinul contributing to its repertoire with his own compositions.[\[15\]](#cite_note-15)

Likewise [Stanley Turrentine](/wiki/Stanley_Turrentine "Stanley Turrentine"), who began recording with Jimmy Smith in 1960 and rapidly expanded his audience, lamented the lack of jazz on radio and TV, saying that more people, and particularly African Americans, would have listened to soul jazz had it received as much exposure as rock music.[\[16\]](#cite_note-16) The tenor saxophone player recorded a number of soul jazz albums throughout the 1960s, including _[Never Let Me Go](/wiki/Never_Let_Me_Go_(Stanley_Turrentine_album) "Never Let Me Go (Stanley Turrentine album)")_ (1963) with his wife Shirley Scott. Jazz critic Thom Jurek noted that on the recording "the organ acts as the testifying pulpit from which to speak, and Turrentine not only speaks, he weeps and whispers and wails."[\[17\]](#cite_note-17) Turrentine's following album, _[A Chip Off the Old Block](/wiki/A_Chip_Off_the_Old_Block_(album) "A Chip Off the Old Block (album)")_ (1963), marked the first shift in influence, in this case from the swing/big band era with compositions by [Count Basie](/wiki/Count_Basie "Count Basie") and [Neal Hefti](/wiki/Neal_Hefti "Neal Hefti"). Turrentine's wife again contributed in addition to hard bop trumpeter [Blue Mitchell](/wiki/Blue_Mitchell "Blue Mitchell").[\[18\]](#cite_note-18) In the mid- to late-1960s, Turrentine evolved his soul jazz style from the small-group setting traditionally associated with the subgenre to an ensemble format,[\[19\]](#cite_note-:1-19) with _[Joyride](/wiki/Joyride_(Stanley_Turrentine_album) "Joyride (Stanley Turrentine album)")_ (1965) arranged by fellow jazz saxophonist [Oliver Nelson](/wiki/Oliver_Nelson "Oliver Nelson").[\[20\]](#cite_note-20)

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/KPLU_In-Studio_Performance_Ramsey_Lewis_2.jpg/140px-KPLU_In-Studio_Performance_Ramsey_Lewis_2.jpg)](/wiki/File:KPLU_In-Studio_Performance_Ramsey_Lewis_2.jpg) Ramsey Lewis

While Turrentine developed the core of the "soul" in soul jazz, Latin and funky influences developed soul jazz upon the foundation of bop. Pianist Herbie Hancock, for instance, was instrumental in pushing the boundaries of music theory and chord progressions during the 1960s.[\[21\]](#cite_note-21) Hancock's first album _[Takin' Off](/wiki/Takin%27_Off "Takin' Off")_ (1962) featured the funky " [Watermelon Man](/wiki/Watermelon_Man_(composition) "Watermelon Man (composition)")", a composition recorded by both Hancock and [Mongo Santamaria](/wiki/Mongo_Santamar%C3%ADa "Mongo Santamaría"), and was notable for "spare, funky piano riffing and tight, focused solo statements" that enabled Hancock to "begin pushing the boundaries of hard bop."[\[22\]](#cite_note-22) The 1960s saw Hancock and trumpeter Lee Morgan's compositions be used in TV, with " [Maiden Voyage](/wiki/Maiden_Voyage_(composition) "Maiden Voyage (composition)")" by Hancock appearing in a [Fabergé](/wiki/House_of_Faberg%C3%A9 "House of Fabergé") commercial and Morgan's "The Sidewinder" in a [Chrysler](/wiki/Chrysler "Chrysler") commercial.[\[23\]](#cite_note-:2-23) Popularizations of jazz compositions, such as the renditions of "Watermelon Man" by Santamaria and [Gloria Lynne](/wiki/Gloria_Lynne "Gloria Lynne"), went further to make soul jazz appealing to Black audiences, particularly in the early to mid-1960s, though this shifted over the course of the decade so much that by the late 1960s, the jazz musicians themselves were producing hit records, with six Jimmy Smith/ [Blue Note](/wiki/Blue_Note_Records "Blue Note Records") albums reaching the top 200. However, jazz labels such as Blue Note found it difficult to compete with larger record companies for advertising opportunities.[\[23\]](#cite_note-:2-23)

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Eddie_Harris.jpg/220px-Eddie_Harris.jpg)](/wiki/File:Eddie_Harris.jpg) Saxophonist Eddie Harris

The growing popularity of soul jazz meant that, for many hard bop musicians, the shift from bop to soul jazz was not clearly defined, with Horace Silver releasing hard bop album _[The Jody Grind](/wiki/The_Jody_Grind "The Jody Grind")_ in 1966,[\[24\]](#cite_note-24) and the more soul-influenced _[Serenade to a Soul Sister](/wiki/Serenade_to_a_Soul_Sister "Serenade to a Soul Sister")_ – starring Turrentine – in 1968. The latter album was described by Steve Huey as "one of the pianist's most infectiously cheerful, good-humored outings." Silver wrote in the album's liner notes that he believed his music should avoid "politics, hatred, or anger."[\[25\]](#cite_note-25) Tenor saxophonist Hank Mobley took even longer to make the shift, playing primarily within the hard bop genre until 1968, when he recorded _[Reach Out!](/wiki/Reach_Out!_(Hank_Mobley_album) "Reach Out! (Hank Mobley album)")_ with a light soul jazz feel.[\[26\]](#cite_note-26) His following album _[The Flip](/wiki/The_Flip_(album) "The Flip (album)")_ (1969) blended soul jazz and hard bop on its title track, according to Jurek.[\[27\]](#cite_note-27) Other jazz artists, such as Lee Morgan, wavered in and out of the soul jazz genre. Drawing influence from the reliably hard bop Jazz Messengers, Morgan's albums of the mid-1960s could be described as both hard bop and soul jazz. Morgan hired bop musicians for the album but recorded soul-influenced material, for instance on the album _[Cornbread](/wiki/Cornbread_(album) "Cornbread (album)")_ (1965).[\[28\]](#cite_note-28)

Other soul jazz musicians had their roots almost entirely in soul and blues. Organist Jack McDuff, for example, was known for his particularly bluesy style, which enabled him to collaborate with young jazz talents including saxophonist [Johnny Griffin](/wiki/Johnny_Griffin "Johnny Griffin") and guitarist [George Benson](/wiki/George_Benson "George Benson").[\[29\]](#cite_note-29) McDuff's band focused on "groove-centric" music but in the later '60s experimented with popular songs and larger ensembles, particularly on his album _Tobacco Road_ (1967).[\[30\]](#cite_note-30) In contrast, former McDuff sideman and guitarist [Pat Martino](/wiki/Pat_Martino "Pat Martino") utilized an organ trio format during the late 1960s, with the live _[Young Guns](/wiki/Young_Guns_(album) "Young Guns (album)")_ (2014) album recorded at Club 118 in 1968 and 1969 featuring [Gene Ludwig](/wiki/Gene_Ludwig "Gene Ludwig") on organ and [Randy Gelispie](/wiki/Randy_Gelispie "Randy Gelispie") on drums.[\[31\]](#cite_note-31)

Among the best-known soul jazz recordings from the era are [Lee Morgan](/wiki/Lee_Morgan "Lee Morgan")'s _[The Sidewinder](/wiki/The_Sidewinder "The Sidewinder")_ (1963), [Frank Foster](/wiki/Frank_Foster_(jazz_musician) "Frank Foster (jazz musician)")'s _Samba Blues_ (1963), [Nat Adderley](/wiki/Nat_Adderley "Nat Adderley")'s " [Work Song](/wiki/Work_Song_(Adderley_song) "Work Song (Adderley song)")", Horace Silver's " [Song for My Father](/wiki/Song_for_My_Father_(song) "Song for My Father (song)")" (1964), [Ramsey Lewis](/wiki/Ramsey_Lewis "Ramsey Lewis")'s " [The 'In' Crowd](/wiki/The_%27In%27_Crowd_(song) "The 'In' Crowd (song)")" (a top-five hit in 1965[\[4\]](#cite_note-carr-4)), Cannonball Adderley's " [Mercy, Mercy, Mercy](/wiki/Mercy,_Mercy,_Mercy "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy")"[\[4\]](#cite_note-carr-4) (1966) (also popularized further when covered as a top-40 pop song by [the Buckinghams](/wiki/The_Buckinghams "The Buckinghams") the following year), and Young Holt Unlimited "Soulful Strut". [Les McCann](/wiki/Les_McCann "Les McCann") and [Eddie Harris](/wiki/Eddie_Harris "Eddie Harris")'s album _[Swiss Movement](/wiki/Swiss_Movement "Swiss Movement")_ (1969) was a [hit record](/wiki/Hit_record "Hit record"), as was the accompanying [single](/wiki/Single_(music) "Single (music)") " [Compared to What](/wiki/Compared_to_What "Compared to What")", with both selling millions of units.[\[4\]](#cite_note-carr-4)

### Fusion

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Fusion")\]

Soul jazz began to mold into [jazz fusion](/wiki/Jazz_fusion "Jazz fusion") by the late 1960s, with musicians such as Turrentine moving to the [CTI](/wiki/CTI_Records "CTI Records") fusion label in the early 1970s[\[19\]](#cite_note-:1-19) and free jazz saxophonist [Albert Ayler](/wiki/Albert_Ayler "Albert Ayler") moving into jazz-rock during the late 1960s before his untimely death in 1970.[\[32\]](#cite_note-32) With the temporary decline of Blue Note and the rapid rise of the CTI label, soul jazz moved toward smooth jazz and popular music of the day, with the label's founder [Creed Taylor](/wiki/Creed_Taylor "Creed Taylor") remarking that his original goal of creating jazz for listening had "backfired" into the development of background music.[\[33\]](#cite_note-33)

Others pushed the boundaries of soul jazz to the extent it became fused with other genres. Tenor saxophonist Eddie Harris switched to the electric saxophone for his album titled _[The Electrifying Eddie Harris](/wiki/The_Electrifying_Eddie_Harris "The Electrifying Eddie Harris")_ (1968).[\[34\]](#cite_note-34) His experiments in "funk-influenced fusion, outside improvisations, bizarre electronic effects, new crossbreedings of traditional instruments, blues crooning, and even comedy," according to Steve Huey, "fell outside the bounds of what critics considered legitimate, serious jazz." He [returned to bop](/wiki/Neo-bop_jazz "Neo-bop jazz") late in his career.[\[35\]](#cite_note-35)

## Legacy

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Legacy")\]

Although soul jazz was most popular during the mid-to-late 1960s, its musicians and musical influences remained popular past this time period.

In the late 1960s and 1970s, the genre saw increased [crossover](/wiki/Crossover_music "Crossover music") with fusion. The Jazz Crusaders, for example, evolved from soul jazz to [soul music](/wiki/Soul_music "Soul music"), becoming [the Crusaders](/wiki/The_Crusaders_(Houston_group) "The Crusaders (Houston group)") in the process.[\[4\]](#cite_note-carr-4)

## See also

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: See also")\]

- [![icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saxo_Boca1.JPG/27px-Saxo_Boca1.JPG)](/wiki/File:Saxo_Boca1.JPG)[Jazz portal](/wiki/Portal:Jazz "Portal:Jazz")

- [List of soul-jazz musicians](/wiki/List_of_soul-jazz_musicians "List of soul-jazz musicians")
- [Category:Soul-jazz musicians](/wiki/Category:Soul-jazz_musicians "Category:Soul-jazz musicians")

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: References")\]

01. **[^](#cite_ref-1)**["Soul Jazz Music Genre Overview"](https://www.allmusic.com/subgenre/soul-jazz-ma0000002866). _AllMusic_. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
02. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-gridley_2-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-gridley_2-1)Gridley, Mark C. (1994). [Ron Wynn](/wiki/Ron_Wynn "Ron Wynn") (ed.). _[All Music Guide to Jazz](/wiki/All_Music_Guide_to_Jazz "All Music Guide to Jazz")_. M. Erlewine, V. Bogdanov. San Francisco: Miller Freeman. pp. [11–12, 14](https://archive.org/details/allmusicguidetoj00wynn/page/11). [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-87930-308-5](/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87930-308-5 "Special:BookSources/0-87930-308-5").
03. **[^](#cite_ref-tanner_3-0)**[Tanner, Paul O. W.](/wiki/Paul_Tanner "Paul Tanner"); Maurice Gerow; David W. Megill (1988) \[1964\]. "Hard Bop — Funky". [_Jazz_](https://archive.org/details/jazz00tann/page/112) (6th ed.). Dubuque, IA: William C. Brown, College Division. pp. [112–121](https://archive.org/details/jazz00tann/page/112). [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-697-03663-4](/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-697-03663-4 "Special:BookSources/0-697-03663-4").
04. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-carr_4-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-carr_4-1) [_**c**_](#cite_ref-carr_4-2) [_**d**_](#cite_ref-carr_4-3) [_**e**_](#cite_ref-carr_4-4) [_**f**_](#cite_ref-carr_4-5) [_**g**_](#cite_ref-carr_4-6) [_**h**_](#cite_ref-carr_4-7)[Carr, Roy](/wiki/Roy_Carr "Roy Carr") (2006) \[1997\]. "Soul to Soul". [_A Century of Jazz: A Hundred Years of the Greatest Music Ever Made_](https://archive.org/details/centuryofjazz0000carr/page/106). London: Hamlyn. pp. 150–153. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [0-681-03179-4](/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-681-03179-4 "Special:BookSources/0-681-03179-4"). Soul \[jazz\] was just a natural outpouring of Hard Bop and, for the most part popularized by many of the genre's stellar soloists....
05. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-:0_5-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-:0_5-1)Morrison, Nick (2010-01-04). ["Soul-Jazz: Where Jazz, Blues And Gospel Meet"](https://www.npr.org/2010/01/04/98279702/soul-jazz-where-jazz-blues-and-gospel-meet). _NPR_. Retrieved July 11, 2022.
06. **[^](#cite_ref-6)**Du Noyer, Paul (2003). _The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music_ (1st ed.). Fulham, London: Flame Tree Publishing. p. 140. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [1-904041-96-5](/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-904041-96-5 "Special:BookSources/1-904041-96-5").
07. **[^](#cite_ref-7)**["TENOR SAXOPHONE GREAT EDDIE \`LOCKJAW\` DAVIS"](https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1986-11-04-8603230029-story.html). _Chicago Tribune_. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
08. **[^](#cite_ref-8)**["Eddie Lockjaw Davis developed one of the most unmistakable tenor sax sounds in post war jazz: Video •"](https://jazzbluesnews.com/2018/03/02/eddie-lockjaw-davis-developed-one-of-the-most-unmistakable-tenor-sax-sounds-in-post-war-jazz-video/). 2018-03-01. Retrieved July 14, 2022.
09. **[^](#cite_ref-NPR_9-0)**Sidran, Ben. [Jazz Profiles from NPR: Nat Adderley (1931–2000)](https://legacy.npr.org/programs/jazzprofiles/archive/adderley_n.html) NPR. Accessed June 16, 2021.
10. **[^](#cite_ref-10)**_See also_ Herrmann, Zachary. (April 2, 2007) [Concord releases Orrin Keepnews Collection](http://jazztimes.com/columns_and_features/news/detail.cfm?article=11067) _JazzTimes Magazine_. Accessed December 13, 2007.
11. **[^](#cite_ref-11)**Quoted in Carr, p. 150.
12. **[^](#cite_ref-12)**[Curtis Fuller](https://www.allmusic.com/artist/curtis-fuller-mn0000139566) allmusic Retrieved 14 March 2024
13. **[^](#cite_ref-13)**["What is Soul Jazz?"](https://newyorkjazzworkshop.com/what-is-soul-jazz/). _New York Jazz Workshop_. 2020-02-27. Retrieved July 11, 2022.
14. **[^](#cite_ref-14)**["History of Soul Jazz"](https://timeline.carnegiehall.org/genres/soul-jazz). _Timeline of African American Music_. Retrieved July 11, 2022.
15. **[^](#cite_ref-15)**["Cannonball Adderley - Mercy, Mercy, Mercy!: Live at "The Club" Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/mercy-mercy-mercy!-live-at-the-club-mw0000173884). Retrieved July 11, 2022.
16. **[^](#cite_ref-16)**Hazzard, Katrina (1980). ["King of jazz: Face to Face STANLEY TURRENTINE"](https://www.jstor.org/stable/43690557). _Umoja Sasa_: 11–11. [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [2472-0674](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2472-0674).
17. **[^](#cite_ref-17)**["Stanley Turrentine - Never Let Me Go Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/never-let-me-go-mw0000081094). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
18. **[^](#cite_ref-18)**["Stanley Turrentine - A Chip Off the Old Block Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/a-chip-off-the-old-block-mw0000545171). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
19. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-:1_19-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-:1_19-1)["Stanley Turrentine Biography, Songs, & Albums"](https://www.allmusic.com/artist/stanley-turrentine-mn0000012644/biography). _AllMusic_. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
20. **[^](#cite_ref-20)**["Stanley Turrentine - Joyride Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/joyride-mw0000649759). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
21. **[^](#cite_ref-21)**Waters, Keith (2005). ["Modes, Scales, Functional Harmony, and Nonfunctional Harmony in the Compositions of Herbie Hancock"](https://www.jstor.org/stable/27639403). _Journal of Music Theory_. **49** (2): 333–357. [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0022-2909](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2909).
22. **[^](#cite_ref-22)**["Herbie Hancock - Takin' Off Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/takin-off-mw0000191931). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
23. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-:2_23-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-:2_23-1)Rosenthal, David H. (1988). ["Jazz in the Ghetto: 1950-70"](https://www.jstor.org/stable/853075). _Popular Music_. **7** (1): 51–56. [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0261-1430](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-1430).
24. **[^](#cite_ref-24)**["Horace Silver - The Jody Grind Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-jody-grind-mw0000265278). Retrieved July 11, 2022.
25. **[^](#cite_ref-25)**["Horace Silver - Serenade to a Soul Sister Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/serenade-to-a-soul-sister-mw0000203356). Retrieved July 11, 2022.
26. **[^](#cite_ref-26)**["Hank Mobley - Reach Out Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/reach-out-mw0000028885). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
27. **[^](#cite_ref-27)**["Hank Mobley - The Flip Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-flip-mw0000318285). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
28. **[^](#cite_ref-28)**["Lee Morgan - Cornbread Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/cornbread-mw0000198805). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
29. **[^](#cite_ref-29)**["Jack McDuff Biography, Songs, & Albums"](https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jack-mcduff-mn0000118853/biography). _AllMusic_. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
30. **[^](#cite_ref-30)**["Brother Jack McDuff, Jack McDuff - Tobacco Road Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/tobacco-road-mw0000535056). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
31. **[^](#cite_ref-31)**["Jazz CD of the Month: PAT MARTINO TRIO with Randy Gilespie / YOUNG GUNS / High Note 7258"](https://www.kios.org/other-content/2014-04-01/jazz-cd-of-the-month-pat-martino-trio-with-randy-gilespie-young-guns-high-note-7258). _91.5 KIOS-FM_. 2014-04-01. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
32. **[^](#cite_ref-32)**["Albert Ayler \| Biography, Music, & Facts \| Britannica"](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Albert-Ayler). _www.britannica.com_. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
33. **[^](#cite_ref-33)**Jazz, All About (2020-09-21). ["CTI Records: Ten Tasty Albums With No Added Sugar (Almost) article @ All About Jazz"](https://www.allaboutjazz.com/cti-records-ten-tasty-albums-with-no-added-sugar-almost-chet-baker). _All About Jazz_. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
34. **[^](#cite_ref-34)**["Eddie Harris - The Electrifying Eddie Harris Album Reviews, Songs & More \| AllMusic"](https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-electrifying-eddie-harris-mw0001509928). Retrieved July 12, 2022.
35. **[^](#cite_ref-35)**["Eddie Harris Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More"](https://www.allmusic.com/artist/eddie-harris-mn0000169124). _AllMusic_. Retrieved July 12, 2022.

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: External links")\]

- [Soul jazz](https://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/d297) at [AllMusic](/wiki/AllMusic_(identifier) "AllMusic (identifier)")
- [Soul-Jazz: Where Jazz, Blues And Gospel Meet](https://www.npr.org/2010/01/04/98279702/soul-jazz-where-jazz-blues-and-gospel-meet) at [NPR Music](/wiki/NPR_Music "NPR Music")

- [v](/wiki/Template:Jazz "Template:Jazz")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Jazz "Template talk:Jazz")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jazz "Special:EditPage/Template:Jazz")

[Jazz](/wiki/Jazz "Jazz")

General topics

- [Outline of jazz](/wiki/Outline_of_jazz "Outline of jazz")
- [Jazz (word)](/wiki/Jazz_(word) "Jazz (word)")
- [Jazz band](/wiki/Jazz_band "Jazz band")
- [Big band](/wiki/Big_band "Big band")
- [Improvisation](/wiki/Musical_improvisation "Musical improvisation")
  - [Jazz](/wiki/Jazz_improvisation "Jazz improvisation")
- [Jam session](/wiki/Jam_session "Jam session")
- [Scat singing](/wiki/Scat_singing "Scat singing")
- [Swing performance](/wiki/Swing_(jazz_performance_style) "Swing (jazz performance style)")
- [Jazz bass](/wiki/Jazz_bass "Jazz bass")
- [Jazz drumming](/wiki/Jazz_drumming "Jazz drumming")
- [Jazz guitar](/wiki/Jazz_guitar "Jazz guitar")
- [French horn in jazz](/wiki/French_horn_in_jazz "French horn in jazz")
- [Jazz piano](/wiki/Jazz_piano "Jazz piano")
- [Jazz trombone](/wiki/Jazz_trombone "Jazz trombone")
- [Jazz violin](/wiki/Jazz_violin "Jazz violin")
- [Vocal jazz](/wiki/Vocal_jazz "Vocal jazz")
- [Women in jazz](/wiki/Women_in_jazz "Women in jazz")

[Genres](/wiki/List_of_jazz_genres "List of jazz genres")

- [Avant-garde jazz](/wiki/Avant-garde_jazz "Avant-garde jazz")
- [Bebop](/wiki/Bebop "Bebop")
  - [Hard bop](/wiki/Hard_bop "Hard bop")
  - [Neo-bop](/wiki/Neo-bop "Neo-bop")
  - [Post-bop](/wiki/Post-bop "Post-bop")
- [Cape jazz](/wiki/Cape_jazz "Cape jazz")
- [Chamber jazz](/wiki/Chamber_jazz "Chamber jazz")
- [Cool jazz](/wiki/Cool_jazz "Cool jazz")
- [Dixieland](/wiki/Dixieland "Dixieland")
- [Flamenco jazz](/wiki/Flamenco_jazz "Flamenco jazz")
- [Folk jazz](/wiki/Folk_jazz "Folk jazz")
- [Free jazz](/wiki/Free_jazz "Free jazz")
  - [Free funk](/wiki/Free_funk "Free funk")
  - [Free improvisation](/wiki/Free_improvisation "Free improvisation")
  - [Punk jazz](/wiki/Punk_jazz "Punk jazz")
- [Gypsy jazz](/wiki/Gypsy_jazz "Gypsy jazz")
- [Jazz-funk](/wiki/Jazz-funk "Jazz-funk")
- [Jazz fusion](/wiki/Jazz_fusion "Jazz fusion")
- [Jazz rap](/wiki/Jazz_rap "Jazz rap")
- [Latin jazz](/wiki/Latin_jazz "Latin jazz")
  - [Afro-Cuban jazz](/wiki/Afro-Cuban_jazz "Afro-Cuban jazz")
- [M-Base](/wiki/M-Base "M-Base")
- [Mainstream jazz](/wiki/Mainstream_jazz "Mainstream jazz")
- [Marabi](/wiki/Marabi "Marabi")
- [Modal jazz](/wiki/Modal_jazz "Modal jazz")
- [Nu jazz](/wiki/Nu_jazz "Nu jazz")
- [Orchestral jazz](/wiki/Orchestral_jazz "Orchestral jazz")
- [Organ trio](/wiki/Organ_trio "Organ trio")
- [Progressive jazz](/wiki/Progressive_jazz "Progressive jazz")
- [Ska jazz](/wiki/Ska_jazz "Ska jazz")
- [Smooth jazz](/wiki/Smooth_jazz "Smooth jazz")
- Soul jazz
- [Spiritual jazz](/wiki/Spiritual_jazz "Spiritual jazz")
  - [Sacred jazz](/wiki/Sacred_jazz "Sacred jazz")
- [Stride](/wiki/Stride_(music) "Stride (music)")
- [Swing](/wiki/Swing_music "Swing music")
  - [Swing revival](/wiki/Swing_revival "Swing revival")
- [Third stream](/wiki/Third_stream "Third stream")
- [Trad jazz](/wiki/Trad_jazz "Trad jazz")

[Musicians](/wiki/List_of_jazz_musicians "List of jazz musicians")

- [Bassists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_bassists "List of jazz bassists")
- [Clarinetists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_musicians#Clarinet "List of jazz musicians")
- [Drummers](/wiki/List_of_jazz_drummers "List of jazz drummers")
- [Guitarists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_guitarists "List of jazz guitarists")
- [Organists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_organists "List of jazz organists")
- [Percussionists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_percussionists "List of jazz percussionists")
- [Pianists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_pianists "List of jazz pianists")
- [Saxophonists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_saxophonists "List of jazz saxophonists")
- [Trombonists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_trombonists "List of jazz trombonists")
- [Trumpeters](/wiki/List_of_jazz_trumpeters "List of jazz trumpeters")
- [Vibraphonists](/wiki/List_of_vibraphonists "List of vibraphonists")
- [Violinists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_violinists "List of jazz violinists")
- [Vocalists](/wiki/List_of_jazz_vocalists "List of jazz vocalists")

Musicians by genre

- [Bebop](/wiki/List_of_bebop_musicians "List of bebop musicians")
- [Chamber jazz](/wiki/List_of_chamber_jazz_musicians "List of chamber jazz musicians")
- [Cool jazz and West Coast jazz](/wiki/List_of_cool_jazz_and_West_Coast_jazz_musicians "List of cool jazz and West Coast jazz musicians")
- [Hard bop](/wiki/List_of_hard_bop_musicians "List of hard bop musicians")
- [Jazz fusion](/wiki/List_of_jazz_fusion_musicians "List of jazz fusion musicians")
- [Scat](/wiki/List_of_scat_singers "List of scat singers")
- [Smooth jazz](/wiki/List_of_smooth_jazz_musicians "List of smooth jazz musicians")
- [Soul jazz](/wiki/List_of_soul_jazz_musicians "List of soul jazz musicians")
- [Swing](/wiki/List_of_swing_musicians "List of swing musicians")

[Standards](/wiki/Jazz_standard "Jazz standard")

- [Pre-1920](/wiki/List_of_pre-1920_jazz_standards "List of pre-1920 jazz standards")
- [1920s](/wiki/List_of_1920s_jazz_standards "List of 1920s jazz standards")
- [1930s](/wiki/List_of_1930s_jazz_standards "List of 1930s jazz standards")
- [1940s](/wiki/List_of_1940s_jazz_standards "List of 1940s jazz standards")
- [post-1950](/wiki/List_of_post-1950_jazz_standards "List of post-1950 jazz standards")

Discographies

- [Bethlehem](/wiki/Bethlehem_Records "Bethlehem Records")
- [Blue Note](/wiki/Blue_Note_Records_discography "Blue Note Records discography")
- [BYG](/wiki/BYG_Records "BYG Records")
- [Cobblestone](/wiki/Cobblestone_Records "Cobblestone Records")
- [Contemporary](/wiki/Contemporary_Records "Contemporary Records")
- [CTI](/wiki/CTI_Records "CTI Records")
- [ECM](/wiki/ECM_Records "ECM Records")
- [ESP-Disk](/wiki/ESP-Disk "ESP-Disk")
- [Flying Dutchman](/wiki/Flying_Dutchman_Records "Flying Dutchman Records")
- [Freedom](/wiki/Freedom_Records "Freedom Records")
- [Groove Merchant](/wiki/Groove_Merchant "Groove Merchant")
- [Impulse!](/wiki/Impulse!_Records_discography "Impulse! Records discography")
- [India Navigation](/wiki/India_Navigation "India Navigation")
- [JMT](/wiki/JMT_Records "JMT Records")
- [Landmark](/wiki/Landmark_Records "Landmark Records")
- [Mainstream](/wiki/Mainstream_Records "Mainstream Records")
- [Milestone](/wiki/Milestone_Records_discography "Milestone Records discography")
- [MPS Records](/wiki/MPS_Records "MPS Records")
- [MPS](/wiki/MPS_Records_discography "MPS Records discography")
- [Muse](/wiki/Muse_Records "Muse Records")
- [Prestige](/wiki/Prestige_Records_discography "Prestige Records discography")
- [Riverside](/wiki/Riverside_Records_discography "Riverside Records discography")
- [Strata-East](/wiki/Strata-East_Records "Strata-East Records")
- [Verve](/wiki/Verve_Records_discography "Verve Records discography")
- [Winter & Winter](/wiki/Winter_%26_Winter_Records "Winter & Winter Records")

[Festivals](/wiki/List_of_jazz_festivals "List of jazz festivals")

- [Beaches (Toronto)](/wiki/Beaches_International_Jazz_Festival "Beaches International Jazz Festival")
- [Cape Town](/wiki/Cape_Town_International_Jazz_Festival "Cape Town International Jazz Festival")
- [Chicago](/wiki/Chicago_Jazz_Festival "Chicago Jazz Festival")
- [Copenhagen](/wiki/Copenhagen_Jazz_Festival "Copenhagen Jazz Festival")
- [Jakarta](/wiki/Jakarta_International_Java_Jazz_Festival "Jakarta International Java Jazz Festival")
- [Monterey](/wiki/Monterey_Jazz_Festival "Monterey Jazz Festival")
- [Montreal](/wiki/Montreal_International_Jazz_Festival "Montreal International Jazz Festival")
- [Montreux](/wiki/Montreux_Jazz_Festival "Montreux Jazz Festival")
- [New Orleans](/wiki/New_Orleans_Jazz_%26_Heritage_Festival "New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival")
- [Newport](/wiki/Newport_Jazz_Festival "Newport Jazz Festival")
- [North Sea](/wiki/North_Sea_Jazz_Festival "North Sea Jazz Festival")
- [Pori](/wiki/Pori_Jazz "Pori Jazz")
- [Saint Lucia](/wiki/Saint_Lucia_Jazz_Festival "Saint Lucia Jazz Festival")

Culture

- [Contrafacts](/wiki/List_of_jazz_contrafacts "List of jazz contrafacts")
- [Institutions and organizations](/wiki/List_of_jazz_institutions_and_organizations "List of jazz institutions and organizations")
- [Jazz funeral](/wiki/Jazz_funeral "Jazz funeral")
- [Jazz poetry](/wiki/Jazz_poetry "Jazz poetry")
- [Jazz royalty](/wiki/Jazz_royalty "Jazz royalty")
- [Jazz theory](/wiki/Jazz_harmony "Jazz harmony")
  - _[See Template: Jazz theory](/wiki/Template:Jazz_theory "Template:Jazz theory")_
- [Rare groove](/wiki/Rare_groove "Rare groove")
- [Second line](/wiki/Second_line_(parades) "Second line (parades)")
- [Venues](/wiki/List_of_jazz_venues "List of jazz venues")

Regional scenes

African

- [Ethiopia](/wiki/Ethio-jazz "Ethio-jazz")
- [Malawian](/wiki/Music_of_Malawi#Malawian_jazz "Music of Malawi")
- [South African](/wiki/South_African_jazz "South African jazz")
  - [Cape jazz](/wiki/Cape_jazz "Cape jazz")
  - [Marabi](/wiki/Marabi "Marabi")
- [Zimbabwean](/wiki/Zimbabwean_jazz "Zimbabwean jazz")

Asian

- [Armenian](/wiki/Armenian_jazz "Armenian jazz")
- [Azerbaijani](/wiki/Azerbaijani_jazz "Azerbaijani jazz")
  - [Jazz mugham](/wiki/Jazz_mugham "Jazz mugham")
- [Indian](/wiki/Jazz_in_India "Jazz in India")
  - [Indo jazz](/wiki/Indo_jazz "Indo jazz")
  - [Sitar](/wiki/Sitar_in_jazz "Sitar in jazz")
- [Iranian](/wiki/Iranian_jazz "Iranian jazz")
- [Japanese](/wiki/Japanese_jazz "Japanese jazz")

European

- [Balkan](/wiki/Balkan_jazz "Balkan jazz")
  - [Bulgarian](/wiki/Bulgarian_jazz "Bulgarian jazz")
- [Belgian](/wiki/Belgian_jazz "Belgian jazz")
- [British](/wiki/British_jazz "British jazz")
  - [British dance band](/wiki/British_dance_band "British dance band")
- [Continental European](/wiki/Continental_jazz "Continental jazz")
- [Czech and Slovak](/wiki/Jazz_in_Czechoslovakia "Jazz in Czechoslovakia")
- [Danish](/wiki/Danish_jazz "Danish jazz")
- [Dutch](/wiki/Dutch_jazz "Dutch jazz")
- [European free jazz](/wiki/European_free_jazz "European free jazz")
- [French](/wiki/French_jazz "French jazz")
- [German](/wiki/German_jazz "German jazz")
- [Italian](/wiki/Italian_jazz "Italian jazz")
- [Polish](/wiki/Polish_jazz "Polish jazz")
  - [Yass](/wiki/Yass_(music) "Yass (music)")
- [Spanish](/wiki/Spanish_jazz "Spanish jazz")
  - [Flamenco jazz](/wiki/Flamenco_jazz "Flamenco jazz")
- [Swedish](/wiki/Swedish_jazz "Swedish jazz")

North American

- [Canadian](/wiki/Canadian_jazz "Canadian jazz")
- [Haitian](/wiki/Mini-jazz "Mini-jazz")
- [Latin American](/wiki/Latin_jazz "Latin jazz")
  - [Cuban](/wiki/Afro-Cuban_jazz "Afro-Cuban jazz")

American

- [Baltimore jazz](/wiki/Music_of_Baltimore#Jazz "Music of Baltimore")
- [Chicago](/wiki/Music_of_Chicago#Jazz "Music of Chicago")
- [Kansas City](/wiki/Kansas_City_jazz "Kansas City jazz")
- [New Orleans](/wiki/Music_of_New_Orleans#Jazz "Music of New Orleans")
- [New York City](/wiki/Music_of_New_York_City#Blues_and_jazz "Music of New York City")
- [Washington, D.C.](/wiki/Music_of_Washington,_D.C.#Jazz "Music of Washington, D.C.")
- [West Coast](/wiki/West_Coast_jazz "West Coast jazz")

Oceanian

- [Australian](/wiki/Australian_jazz "Australian jazz")

South American

- [Brazilian](/wiki/Brazilian_jazz "Brazilian jazz")
- [Latin American](/wiki/Latin_jazz "Latin jazz")

Worldwide

- [Ethno jazz](/wiki/Ethno_jazz "Ethno jazz")

History

- [Bibliography of jazz](/wiki/Bibliography_of_jazz "Bibliography of jazz")
- [Blues](/wiki/Blues "Blues")
- [British dance band](/wiki/British_dance_band "British dance band")
- [Ragtime](/wiki/Ragtime "Ragtime")
- [Jazz Age](/wiki/Jazz_Age "Jazz Age")
- [Continental jazz](/wiki/Continental_jazz "Continental jazz")
- [Straight-ahead jazz](/wiki/Straight-ahead_jazz "Straight-ahead jazz")
- [Pre-1920](/wiki/List_of_pre-1920_jazz_standards "List of pre-1920 jazz standards")
- [1920s](/wiki/1920s_in_jazz "1920s in jazz")
- [1930s](/wiki/1930s_in_jazz "1930s in jazz")
- [1940s](/wiki/1940s_in_jazz "1940s in jazz")
- [1950s](/wiki/1950s_in_jazz "1950s in jazz")
- [1960s](/wiki/1960s_in_jazz "1960s in jazz")
- [1970s](/wiki/1970s_in_jazz "1970s in jazz")
- [1980s](/wiki/1980s_in_jazz "1980s in jazz")
- [1990s](/wiki/1990s_in_jazz "1990s in jazz")
- [2000s](/wiki/2000s_in_jazz "2000s in jazz")
- [2010s](/wiki/2010s_in_jazz "2010s in jazz")
- [2020](/wiki/2020_in_jazz "2020 in jazz")
- [2021](/wiki/2021_in_jazz "2021 in jazz")
- [2022](/wiki/2022_in_jazz "2022 in jazz")

Related

- [Acid jazz](/wiki/Acid_jazz "Acid jazz")
- [Afrobeat](/wiki/Afrobeat "Afrobeat")
- [Contradanza](/wiki/Contradanza "Contradanza")
- [Blues](/wiki/Blues "Blues")
  - [Jump blues](/wiki/Jump_blues "Jump blues")
  - [New Orleans blues](/wiki/New_Orleans_blues "New Orleans blues")
- [Brass band](/wiki/Brass_band "Brass band")
- [Exotica](/wiki/Exotica "Exotica")
- [Plugg](/wiki/Plugg_(music) "Plugg (music)")
- [Quiet storm](/wiki/Quiet_storm "Quiet storm")
- [Ragtime](/wiki/Ragtime "Ragtime")
  - [Novelty ragtime](/wiki/Novelty_piano "Novelty piano")
- [Sophisti-pop](/wiki/Sophisti-pop "Sophisti-pop")
- [West African music](/wiki/Music_of_West_Africa "Music of West Africa")
- [Western swing](/wiki/Western_swing "Western swing")

Media

- [Album covers of Blue Note Records](/wiki/Album_covers_of_Blue_Note_Records "Album covers of Blue Note Records")
- _[Bird](/wiki/Bird_(1988_film) "Bird (1988 film)")_
- [_Jazz_ (miniseries)](/wiki/Jazz_(miniseries) "Jazz (miniseries)")
- _[The Jazz Singer](/wiki/The_Jazz_Singer "The Jazz Singer")_
- _[Round Midnight](/wiki/Round_Midnight_(film) "Round Midnight (film)")_
- _[Straight, No Chaser](/wiki/Thelonious_Monk:_Straight,_No_Chaser "Thelonious Monk: Straight, No Chaser")_

**[![icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saxo_Boca1.JPG/15px-Saxo_Boca1.JPG)](/wiki/File:Saxo_Boca1.JPG)[Jazz portal](/wiki/Portal:Jazz "Portal:Jazz")**

- [v](/wiki/Template:Rhythm_and_blues "Template:Rhythm and blues")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Rhythm_and_blues "Template talk:Rhythm and blues")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rhythm_and_blues "Special:EditPage/Template:Rhythm and blues")

[Rhythm and blues](/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues "Rhythm and blues")

[Genres](/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues "Rhythm and blues")

General

- [Beach](/wiki/Beach_music "Beach music")
- [Boogie](/wiki/Boogie_(genre) "Boogie (genre)")
- [British rhythm and blues](/wiki/British_rhythm_and_blues "British rhythm and blues")
- [Christian R&B](/wiki/Christian_R%26B "Christian R&B")
- [Doo-wop](/wiki/Doo-wop "Doo-wop")
- [New Orleans R&B](/wiki/New_Orleans_rhythm_and_blues "New Orleans rhythm and blues")
- [Swamp pop](/wiki/Swamp_pop "Swamp pop")

[Contemporary R&B](/wiki/Contemporary_R%26B "Contemporary R&B")

- [Alternative R&B](/wiki/Alternative_R%26B "Alternative R&B")
  - [Alté](/wiki/Alt%C3%A9 "Alté")
- [Crunk&B](/wiki/Crunk%26B "Crunk&B")
- [Hip hop soul](/wiki/Hip_hop_soul "Hip hop soul")
- [Latin R&B](/wiki/Latin_R%26B "Latin R&B")
- [New jack swing](/wiki/New_jack_swing "New jack swing")
- [Pluggnb](/wiki/Pluggnb "Pluggnb")
- [Quiet storm](/wiki/Quiet_storm "Quiet storm")
- [Raï'n'B](/wiki/Ra%C3%AF%27n%27B "Raï'n'B")
- [Rhythm & grime](/wiki/Grime_(music_genre)#Rhythm_&_grime "Grime (music genre)")
- [RnBass](/wiki/RnBass "RnBass")
- [Snap&B](/wiki/Snap%26B "Snap&B")
- [Urban contemporary](/wiki/Urban_contemporary_music "Urban contemporary music")
  - [Urban adult contemporary](/wiki/Urban_adult_contemporary "Urban adult contemporary")

Related topics

- [Adult contemporary](/wiki/Adult_contemporary_music "Adult contemporary music")
- [Afroswing](/wiki/Afroswing "Afroswing")
- [Beat](/wiki/Beat_music "Beat music")
  - [Nederbeat](/wiki/Nederbeat "Nederbeat")
- [Blues](/wiki/Blues "Blues")
  - [Jump blues](/wiki/Jump_blues "Jump blues")
- [Boogaloo](/wiki/Boogaloo "Boogaloo")
- [Funk](/wiki/Funk "Funk")
- [Slow jam](/wiki/Slow_jam "Slow jam")
- [Smooth jazz](/wiki/Smooth_jazz "Smooth jazz")
- [Soul](/wiki/Soul_music "Soul music")
  - [Blue-eyed soul](/wiki/Blue-eyed_soul "Blue-eyed soul")
  - [British soul](/wiki/British_soul "British soul")
  - [Motown](/wiki/Motown "Motown")
  - [Neo soul](/wiki/Neo_soul "Neo soul")
- [Urban](/wiki/Urban_contemporary "Urban contemporary")

- [v](/wiki/Template:Soul_music "Template:Soul music")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Soul_music "Template talk:Soul music")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Soul_music "Special:EditPage/Template:Soul music")

[Soul music](/wiki/Soul_music "Soul music")

Genres

- [Blue-eyed soul](/wiki/Blue-eyed_soul "Blue-eyed soul")
- [Boogaloo](/wiki/Boogaloo "Boogaloo")
- [Brown-eyed soul](/wiki/Brown-eyed_soul "Brown-eyed soul")
- [Cinematic soul](/wiki/Cinematic_soul "Cinematic soul")
- [Future soul](/wiki/Future_soul "Future soul")
- [Hip hop soul](/wiki/Hip_hop_soul "Hip hop soul")
- [Latin soul](/wiki/Latin_soul "Latin soul")
- [Neo soul](/wiki/Neo_soul "Neo soul")
- [Northern soul](/wiki/Northern_soul "Northern soul")
- [Progressive soul](/wiki/Progressive_soul "Progressive soul")
- [Psychedelic soul](/wiki/Psychedelic_soul "Psychedelic soul")
- [Retro-soul](/wiki/Retro-soul "Retro-soul")
- [Smooth soul](/wiki/Smooth_soul "Smooth soul")
- [Southern soul](/wiki/Southern_soul "Southern soul")
- [Soul blues](/wiki/Soul_blues "Soul blues")
- Soul jazz

Regional scenes

- [Africa](/wiki/Afro-soul "Afro-soul")
- [Chicago](/wiki/Chicago_soul "Chicago soul")
- [Memphis](/wiki/Memphis_soul "Memphis soul")
- [New Orleans](/wiki/New_Orleans_Soul "New Orleans Soul")
- [Philadelphia](/wiki/Philadelphia_soul "Philadelphia soul")
- [United Kingdom](/wiki/British_soul "British soul")

Other topics

- [African American music](/wiki/African-American_music "African-American music")
- [Funk](/wiki/Funk "Funk")
- [Mod (subculture)](/wiki/Mod_(subculture) "Mod (subculture)")
- [Mod revival](/wiki/Mod_revival "Mod revival")
- [Motown Records](/wiki/Motown "Motown")
  - [sound](/wiki/Motown_(music_style) "Motown (music style)")
- [Plastic soul](/wiki/Plastic_soul "Plastic soul")
- [Rare groove](/wiki/Rare_groove "Rare groove")
- [Samba rock](/wiki/Samba_rock "Samba rock")
- [Sophisti-pop](/wiki/Sophisti-pop "Sophisti-pop")
- [Soulboy](/wiki/Soulboy "Soulboy")
- [Stax Records](/wiki/Stax_Records "Stax Records")
- [Swamp rock](/wiki/Swamp_rock "Swamp rock")
- [Soul musicians](/wiki/List_of_soul_musicians "List of soul musicians")
- [Yacht soul](/wiki/List_of_yacht_rock_artists "List of yacht rock artists")

Retrieved from " [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soul\_jazz&oldid=1214502152](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soul_jazz&oldid=1214502152)"

[Categories](/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"):

- [Soul jazz](/wiki/Category:Soul_jazz "Category:Soul jazz")
- [Jazz genres](/wiki/Category:Jazz_genres "Category:Jazz genres")
- [Soul music genres](/wiki/Category:Soul_music_genres "Category:Soul music genres")

Hidden categories:

- [Articles with short description](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description "Category:Articles with short description")
- [Short description matches Wikidata](/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata "Category:Short description matches Wikidata")

- This page was last edited on 19 March 2024, at 10:17 (UTC).
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