Gig economy - Wikipedia
The BBC presented the following definition for the term: "a labour market characterised by the prevalence of short-term contracts or freelance work, as opposed ...
food
Among the common types of digital platforms in the gig economy are those to provide ridesharing services, <anchor>food</anchor> or package delivery services, crafts and handmade item marketplaces, on-demand labor and repair services, property and space rentals.[3][7] A study completed in 2016 by Lawrence Katz and Alan Krueger showed an increase in gig workers, freelancers, and independent contractors of 50 percent between 2005 and 2015. These jobs accounted for 94 percent of all employment growth in the United States during those ten years.[8] As of 2021, 16% of all adults in the United States had earned income through the gig economy with higher levels of gig economy experience having accrued to younger demographics, according to the Pew Research Center.[9] As of 2017, 55 million Americans contributed services to the gig economy.[10] As of 2018, 150 million people were active in the gig economy in North America and Western Europe, according the Harvard Business Review.[11]
Food delivery - Wikipedia
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## Contents

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- (Top)

- [1History](#History)
- [2Types](#Types)Toggle Types subsection  - [2.1Meal delivery](#Meal_delivery)
  - [2.2Delivery of ingredients](#Delivery_of_ingredients)
  - [2.3Grocery delivery](#Grocery_delivery)
- [3Associated fees](#Associated_fees)
- [4Service providers](#Service_providers)Toggle Service providers subsection  - [4.1Software platforms](#Software_platforms)
- [5Criticism](#Criticism)
- [6See also](#See_also)
- [7References](#References)
- [8External links](#External_links)

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# Food delivery

14 languages

- [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85 "توصيل طلبات الطعام – Arabic")
- [Čeština](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rozvoz_j%C3%ADdla "Rozvoz jídla – Czech")
- [Deutsch](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieferdienst "Lieferdienst – German")
- [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EC%8B%9D_%EB%B0%B0%EB%8B%AC "음식 배달 – Korean")
- [Bahasa Indonesia](https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengantaran_makanan "Pengantaran makanan – Indonesian")
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- [Nederlands](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maaltijdbezorging "Maaltijdbezorging – Dutch")
- [日本語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E5%89%8D "出前 – Japanese")
- [Suomi](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruokal%C3%A4hetti "Ruokalähetti – Finnish")
- [Türkçe](https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemek_teslimi "Yemek teslimi – Turkish")
- [ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche](https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%DB%87_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%85 "بۇيرۇ تائام – Uyghur")
- [吴语](https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%8D%96 "外卖 – Wu")
- [中文](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E9%80%81 "外送 – Chinese")

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Courier service in which food is delivered to a customer

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Deliveroo_driver_on_a_motorbike_in_Manchester.jpg/220px-Deliveroo_driver_on_a_motorbike_in_Manchester.jpg)](/wiki/File:Deliveroo_driver_on_a_motorbike_in_Manchester.jpg) [Deliveroo](/wiki/Deliveroo "Deliveroo") driver in [Manchester](/wiki/Manchester "Manchester"), UK[Business logistics](/wiki/Logistics#Business_logistics "Logistics")[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Noun_Truck_4421.svg/35px-Noun_Truck_4421.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Noun_Truck_4421.svg)[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Toicon-icon-stone-transport.svg/35px-Toicon-icon-stone-transport.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Toicon-icon-stone-transport.svg)[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Transportation_plane.svg/35px-Transportation_plane.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Transportation_plane.svg)
Distribution methods

- [Distribution centers](/wiki/Distribution_centers "Distribution centers")
- [Digital distribution](/wiki/Digital_distribution "Digital distribution")
- [Order processing](/wiki/Order_processing "Order processing")
- [Trade routes](/wiki/Trade_routes "Trade routes")
- [Order fulfillment](/wiki/Order_fulfillment "Order fulfillment")
- [Cross-docking](/wiki/Cross-docking "Cross-docking")
- [Sustainable distribution](/wiki/Sustainable_distribution "Sustainable distribution")
- [Commercial vehicle](/wiki/Commercial_vehicle "Commercial vehicle")
- [Distribution resource planning](/wiki/Distribution_resource_planning "Distribution resource planning")
- [Third-party logistics](/wiki/Third-party_logistics "Third-party logistics")

[Management systems](/wiki/Outline_of_business_management "Outline of business management")

- [Packaging and labeling](/wiki/Packaging_and_labeling "Packaging and labeling")
- [Warehouse management system](/wiki/Warehouse_management_system "Warehouse management system")
- [Supply chain](/wiki/Supply_chain "Supply chain")
- [Delivery (commerce)](/wiki/Delivery_(commerce) "Delivery (commerce)")
- [Field inventory management](/wiki/Field_inventory_management "Field inventory management")
- [Inventory turnover](/wiki/Inventory_turnover "Inventory turnover")
- [Stock keeping unit](/wiki/Stock_keeping_unit "Stock keeping unit")
- [Decision-making](/wiki/Decision-making "Decision-making")

[Industry classification](/wiki/Industry_classification "Industry classification")

- [Road transport](/wiki/Road_transport "Road transport")
- [Maritime transport](/wiki/Maritime_transport "Maritime transport")
- [Commercial aviation](/wiki/Commercial_aviation "Commercial aviation")

- [v](/wiki/Template:Business_logistics "Template:Business logistics")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Business_logistics "Template talk:Business logistics")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Business_logistics "Special:EditPage/Template:Business logistics")

**Food delivery** is a [courier service](/wiki/Courier_service "Courier service") in which a restaurant, store, or independent food-delivery company delivers food to a customer. An order is typically made either by telephone, through the supplier's [website](/wiki/Website "Website") or [mobile app](/wiki/Mobile_app "Mobile app"), or through a third party food ordering service. The delivered items can include [entrees](/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e "Entrée"), [sides](/wiki/Side_dish "Side dish"), [drinks](/wiki/Drink "Drink"), [desserts](/wiki/Dessert "Dessert"), or grocery items and are typically delivered in [boxes](/wiki/Box "Box") or [bags](/wiki/Bag "Bag"). The delivery person will normally drive a car, but in bigger [cities](/wiki/City "City") where homes and restaurants are closer together, they may use [bikes](/wiki/Bicycle "Bicycle") or [motorized scooters](/wiki/Motorized_scooter "Motorized scooter").

Due to shifting habits in response to lockdowns and restrictions from the [COVID-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic "COVID-19 pandemic"), online food delivery through third-party companies has become a growing industry and caused a "delivery revolution."[\[1\]](#cite_note-:0-1) Nascent technologies, such as [autonomous vehicles](/wiki/Autonomous_vehicles "Autonomous vehicles") have also been used to complete deliveries.

Customers can, depending on the delivery company, choose to pay online or in person, with [cash](/wiki/Cash "Cash") or [card](/wiki/Credit_card "Credit card"). A [flat rate](/wiki/Flat_rate "Flat rate") delivery [fee](/wiki/Fee "Fee") is often charged with what the customer has bought. Sometimes no delivery fees are charged depending upon the situation.[\[2\]](#cite_note-2) [Tips](/wiki/Gratuity "Gratuity") are sometimes [customary](/wiki/Convention_(norm) "Convention (norm)") for food delivery service. Contactless delivery may also be an option.[\[3\]](#cite_note-3)

Other aspects of food delivery include [catering](/wiki/Catering "Catering") and wholesale [food service](/wiki/Food_service "Food service") deliveries to restaurants, cafeterias, health care facilities, and caterers by [foodservice distributors](/wiki/Foodservice_distributor "Foodservice distributor").

## History

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: History")\]

The [first food delivery](/wiki/Delivery_Culture_in_South_Korea "Delivery Culture in South Korea") service was for _[naengmyeon](/wiki/Naengmyeon "Naengmyeon")_ (cold noodle) in [Korea](/wiki/Korea "Korea"), recorded in 1768. _[Haejang-guk](/wiki/Haejang-guk "Haejang-guk")_ (hangover soup) was also delivered for the [yangban](/wiki/Yangban "Yangban") in the 1800s. Advertisement for food delivery and catering also appeared in the newspaper in 1906.[\[4\]](#cite_note-seouland.com-4)[\[5\]](#cite_note-5)

In 1962, an Edinburgh [fish and chip shop](/wiki/Fish_and_chip_shop "Fish and chip shop") started delivering [fish suppers](/wiki/Fish_supper "Fish supper"), chicken and hamburgers by car within the Edinburgh metropolitan area. The food was delivered in a stainless steel insulated pot to keep it warm.[\[6\]](#cite_note-6)

## Types

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Types")\]

### Meal delivery

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Meal delivery")\]

A meal delivery service sends customers fresh or frozen[\[7\]](#cite_note-btfinancial-7) [prepared meals](/wiki/Meal_preparation "Meal preparation") delivered to their home[\[8\]](#cite_note-8) or office,[\[9\]](#cite_note-9) perhaps in the form of cooked, individually pre-portioned meals. Meals may come in small [tupperware](/wiki/Tupperware "Tupperware") containers and are often labeled with nutritional information. Some providers offer many options for specific diet types like vegetarian and vegan. These services often operate on a [subscription business model](/wiki/Subscription_business_model "Subscription business model") rather than by individual order as in [pizza delivery](/wiki/Pizza_delivery "Pizza delivery") or with the broader category of [online food ordering](/wiki/Online_food_ordering "Online food ordering").

An alternative type of meal delivery service[\[10\]](#cite_note-10) is a [meal kit](/wiki/Meal_kit "Meal kit"), which distributes ingredients and recipes that customers prepare themselves.[\[11\]](#cite_note-11)

Meal delivery orders are typically on demand, intended to be eaten right away, and include hot, already-prepared food. While some service providers offer [subscription services](/wiki/Subscription_business_model "Subscription business model"), ordering for delivery usually involves contacting a local restaurant or chain by telephone or online. Online ordering is available in many countries, where some stores offer online menus and ordering. Since 1995, companies such as [Waiter.com](/wiki/Waiter.com "Waiter.com") have their own interfaces where customers order food from nearby restaurants that have partnered with the service. Meal delivery requires special technology and care, since the food items are already cooked and prepared, and can be easily damaged if dropped, tilted, or left out for long periods of time. Hotbags are often used to keep food warm. They are [thermal bags](/wiki/Thermal_bag "Thermal bag"), typically made of [vinyl](/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride "Polyvinyl chloride"), [nylon](/wiki/Nylon "Nylon"), or [Cordura](/wiki/Cordura "Cordura"), that passively retain heat.[\[12\]](#cite_note-12)

In [Mumbai](/wiki/Mumbai "Mumbai"), [dabbawalas](/wiki/Dabbawala "Dabbawala") deliver hundreds of thousands of lunches ( _[tiffin](/wiki/Tiffin "Tiffin")_) to paying subscribers every workday through a system of rail and bicycle links. The lunches are sent in [tiffin carriers](/wiki/Tiffin_carrier "Tiffin carrier"), and are prepared in the late morning by either a restaurant or family member (typically a wife for a working husband, since many families still follow traditional asymmetrical [gender roles](/wiki/Gender_role "Gender role")). The tiffins are then returned either in the afternoon or the next day by the same system.

In the [Philippines](/wiki/Philippines "Philippines"), most commonly delivered meals are from fast food chains like [Jollibee](/wiki/Jollibee "Jollibee"), [McDonald's](/wiki/McDonald%27s "McDonald's"), Pizza Hut, Shakey's, KFC, etc. Orders are being done through their delivery websites, mobile apps, or by phone. Time of delivery usually takes around 30 to 45 minutes.

In [China](/wiki/China "China"), consumers mainly place food delivery orders via [smartphone apps](/wiki/Smartphone_apps "Smartphone apps"), with the number of users approaching 500 million people as of 2020.[\[13\]](#cite_note-13)[\[14\]](#cite_note-14)[\[15\]](#cite_note-15)The transaction scale of China's food delivery market is expected to eventually surpass US $129.17 billion, an increase of 14.8% year-on-year.[\[16\]](#cite_note-16)

### Delivery of ingredients

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Delivery of ingredients")\]

[Community-supported agriculture](/wiki/Community-supported_agriculture "Community-supported agriculture") schemes work on a [subscription box](/wiki/Subscription_box "Subscription box") model, where a box of vegetables, dairy product, fish, or meat is delivered periodically from a local vendor.

Various [meal kit](/wiki/Meal_kit "Meal kit") delivery subscription services have started in Europe and North America since 2007. These typically have pre-measured ingredients designed for accompanying recipes.

### Grocery delivery

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Grocery delivery")\]

[![A delivery truck from an online grocery delivery service.](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/20190509_freshdirect_-_transportation_location_shoot_%28day_2%29_31A7892.jpg/220px-20190509_freshdirect_-_transportation_location_shoot_%28day_2%29_31A7892.jpg)](/wiki/File:20190509_freshdirect_-_transportation_location_shoot_(day_2)_31A7892.jpg) A delivery truck from the online-only grocery delivery service, [FreshDirect](/wiki/FreshDirect "FreshDirect"), which services metro [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City "New York City")

Grocery delivery companies will deliver [groceries](/wiki/Groceries "Groceries"), pre-prep or pre-made meals, and more to customers. The companies work with brick and mortar stores[\[17\]](#cite_note-17) or their own line of grocery items. These orders are typically larger and more expensive than normal meal deliveries, and are often not meant to be eaten right away, rather they are to replace items someone has run out of, like [flour](/wiki/Flour "Flour") or [milk](/wiki/Milk "Milk"). They are almost always done online, and typically take at least one day to deliver, though some companies offer same-day delivery. Many delivery services are required to offer delivery within two hours because frozen and fresh foods must be delivered before they spoil.

Grocery delivery differs greatly from meal delivery in the sense that it is usually sent as a [parcel](/wiki/Parcel_post "Parcel post") through common mailing services like [USPS](/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service "United States Postal Service") or [FedEx](/wiki/FedEx "FedEx"), if it is only non-perishables. Since non-perishable items are normally packaged before arriving at grocery stores, they can easily be repackaged and delivered to customers without any special care. Sometimes, [dry ice](/wiki/Dry_ice "Dry ice") is added to keep [perishable items](/wiki/Perishable_food "Perishable food") fresh. Fresh and frozen foods complicate delivery which is done, usually by store/provider employees or third party services.

The grocery delivery business emerged, with hundreds of [niche](/wiki/Niche_market "Niche market") delivery companies springing up offering a variety of different services from weekly grocery restock to pre-planned, pre-measured family meals to simplify cooking. Online retailer giants have hopped on board too. Amazon.com, for example, offers [AmazonFresh](/wiki/AmazonFresh "AmazonFresh") delivery service. Amazon purchased [Whole Foods Market](/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market "Whole Foods Market") in 2017,[\[18\]](#cite_note-18) and by 2018 Amazon had added Whole Foods items to its [Prime Now](/wiki/Prime_Now "Prime Now") service, for 2-hour delivery in certain markets.[\[19\]](#cite_note-19)

According to [Forbes](/wiki/Forbes "Forbes"),[\[20\]](#cite_note-20) grocery stores should deliver their own groceries to help prevent third party, part-time, non-store deliverers from becoming the 'face' or brand image of their local grocer. Limitations of having to pick and deliver groceries within a short period of time need to be remedied to allow for more flexibility to enable more deliveries to be more efficiently routed. Frozen and fresh food refrigeration units inside the store and the delivery vehicle, as well as lockable, consumer refrigeration boxes at the consumers home will be a solution that allows the groceries to be delivered at any time, further relieving delivery issues. This scenario will allow more local grocers to deliver with employees vs outside delivery services.

## Associated fees

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: Associated fees")\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Shentu_-_rural_landscape_east_of_Shanwei_cun_-_P1260065.JPG/220px-Shentu_-_rural_landscape_east_of_Shanwei_cun_-_P1260065.JPG)](/wiki/File:Shentu_-_rural_landscape_east_of_Shanwei_cun_-_P1260065.JPG) A farmer in his field buys his breakfast from a motorcycle-based traveling vendor. [Zhangpu County](/wiki/Zhangpu_County "Zhangpu County"), [Fujian](/wiki/Fujian "Fujian"), [China](/wiki/China "China").

In addition to paying for the food, customers will often have to pay a delivery fee. The delivery fee will cover the cost of gas or other transportation costs, but usually does not go to the delivery person.[\[21\]](#cite_note-21) For meal delivery, it is common to give the deliverer an optional [tip](/wiki/Gratuity "Gratuity") upon paying for the order.\[ _[citation needed](/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed "Wikipedia:Citation needed")_\] In Canada and the United States, tipping for delivery is customary. Opinions on appropriate amounts vary widely.[\[22\]](#cite_note-22) In addition, grocery stores may charge more for the foods that are ordered online for delivery than they charge for the same items off-the-shelf.

In restaurant delivery, if the delivery service is provided by a third party, such as Uber Eats or [Deliveroo](/wiki/Deliveroo "Deliveroo"), the delivery fee, which can be as much as 25 or 30 percent of the value of the order, is paid by the restaurant to the service provider. In addition to the delivery fees, the service companies charge the restaurants a fee to set up the account, further cutting into the restaurants' margins.[\[23\]](#cite_note-Haddon,_WSJ_06/23/2019-23) Due to intense competition between the service providers wishing to sign up restaurants to use their services, restaurants have been able to negotiate lower delivery fees. McDonald's negotiated the delivery fees charged by Uber Eats from nearly 20 percent to "around 15 percent," according to a report in _[The Wall Street Journal](/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal "The Wall Street Journal")_.[\[23\]](#cite_note-Haddon,_WSJ_06/23/2019-23)

In October 2020, [Montgomery County, Maryland](/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland "Montgomery County, Maryland") County Executive Marc Elrich announced that he and the [Montgomery County Council (Maryland)](/wiki/Montgomery_County_Council_(Maryland) "Montgomery County Council (Maryland)") were investigating the county’s ability to force lower fees charged to restaurants by food delivery apps.[\[24\]](#cite_note-24)

## Service providers

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: Service providers")\]

See also: [Online food ordering](/wiki/Online_food_ordering "Online food ordering") and [Gig economy](/wiki/Gig_economy "Gig economy")

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Pizza_Hut_Delivery_%284026036769%29.jpg/220px-Pizza_Hut_Delivery_%284026036769%29.jpg)](/wiki/File:Pizza_Hut_Delivery_(4026036769).jpg) [Pizza Hut](/wiki/Pizza_Hut "Pizza Hut") delivery [motorbikes](/wiki/Motorbikes "Motorbikes")

In the United States, the first restaurant food delivery service in the world began in 1995 with World Wide Waiter[\[25\]](#cite_note-25)[\[26\]](#cite_note-26) and still operates today as [Waiter.com](/wiki/Waiter.com "Waiter.com"). The top three restaurant food delivery services are [DoorDash](/wiki/DoorDash "DoorDash"),[\[27\]](#cite_note-27) [GrubHub](/wiki/GrubHub "GrubHub"), and [Uber Eats](/wiki/Uber_Eats "Uber Eats"),[\[28\]](#cite_note-28) which together account for some 80 percent of the sector's revenue. The remainder is accounted for by smaller services.[\[29\]](#cite_note-Edison_Trends,_March_2019-29) From 2018 to 2021, global revenues for the online food delivery sector rose from $90 billion to $294 billion.[\[1\]](#cite_note-:0-1)

In Canada, Canuck Eats, launched in 2020, specifically caters to smaller communities in Canada, beginning with [Merritt, BC](/wiki/Merritt,_BC "Merritt, BC"). It directly collaborates with local restaurants and drivers, offering a model that sidesteps the high fees and operational hurdles of larger competitors. Expanding into [Nanaimo](/wiki/Nanaimo "Nanaimo"), [Oshawa](/wiki/Oshawa "Oshawa"), and [Edmonton](/wiki/Edmonton "Edmonton") through a [franchise](/wiki/Franchising "Franchising") approach, Canuck Eats adapts to local needs while boosting regional economies and diversifying the Canadian food delivery landscape.[\[30\]](#cite_note-30)

In Europe, major restaurant delivery services include [Deliveroo](/wiki/Deliveroo "Deliveroo"), [Delivery Hero](/wiki/Delivery_Hero "Delivery Hero")/ [Food Panda](/wiki/Food_Panda "Food Panda"), [Just Eat Takeaway](/wiki/Just_Eat_Takeaway "Just Eat Takeaway"), [Uber Eats](/wiki/Uber_Eats "Uber Eats"), and [Wolt](/wiki/Wolt "Wolt").

In South America, food delivery services include [Uber Eats](/wiki/Uber_Eats "Uber Eats"), [DoorDash](/wiki/DoorDash "DoorDash"), [Grubhub](/wiki/Grubhub "Grubhub"), [DiDi](/wiki/DiDi "DiDi"), the dominant ride-hailing company in China, and [Rappi](/wiki/Rappi "Rappi"), based in Colombia. Both Didi and Rappi are funded by [SoftBank](/wiki/SoftBank "SoftBank"), the Japanese investment fund that is also a major investor in Uber.[\[31\]](#cite_note-31)

In China, food delivery services include [Alibaba-acquired](/wiki/Alibaba_Group "Alibaba Group") [Ele.me](/wiki/Ele.me "Ele.me") and [Tencent-backed](/wiki/Tencent "Tencent") [Meituan](/wiki/Meituan "Meituan"). Users can order restaurant food, supermarket products, vegetables and fruit, cakes and flowers for delivery on these platforms.[\[32\]](#cite_note-32) China's food delivery market is expected to cross $21 billion in 2021.[\[33\]](#cite_note-33)

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/%E5%87%BA%E5%89%8D%E5%BE%8C%E3%81%AE%E5%AE%A2%E3%81%AE%E5%AF%BE%E5%BF%9C_%283070195799%29.jpg/170px-%E5%87%BA%E5%89%8D%E5%BE%8C%E3%81%AE%E5%AE%A2%E3%81%AE%E5%AF%BE%E5%BF%9C_%283070195799%29.jpg)](/wiki/File:%E5%87%BA%E5%89%8D%E5%BE%8C%E3%81%AE%E5%AE%A2%E3%81%AE%E5%AF%BE%E5%BF%9C_(3070195799).jpg) Some Japanese deliveries require recycling of food containers.

In India, the food delivery services include [Zomato](/wiki/Zomato "Zomato") and [Swiggy](/wiki/Swiggy "Swiggy"). Indian online food delivery is expected to become an $8 billion industry by 2020.[\[34\]](#cite_note-34)

In Africa, the food delivery services include [Uber Eats](/wiki/Uber_Eats "Uber Eats") currently operating in [South Africa](/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa") and [Nairobi](/wiki/Nairobi "Nairobi"), [Glovo](/wiki/Glovo "Glovo") currently available in [Kenya](/wiki/Kenya "Kenya"),[\[35\]](#cite_note-35) [Jumia Food](/wiki/Jumia "Jumia") currently operating in [Kenya](/wiki/Kenya "Kenya"), [Nigeria](/wiki/Nigeria "Nigeria"), [Algeria](/wiki/Algeria "Algeria"), [Ghana](/wiki/Ghana "Ghana"), [Morocco](/wiki/Morocco "Morocco"), [Tunisia](/wiki/Tunisia "Tunisia"), [Ivory Coast](/wiki/Ivory_Coast "Ivory Coast"), and [Uganda](/wiki/Uganda "Uganda"), [Mr D Food](/wiki/Mr_D_Food "Mr D Food") currently available in [South Africa](/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa"), OrderIn available in [South Africa](/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa"), Ayazona currently available in [Nairobi](/wiki/Nairobi "Nairobi"), Delivery Yo currently available in Uganda and Yum Deliveries available in [Kenya](/wiki/Kenya "Kenya"). Online food delivery in Africa is an emerging market that has seen a soaring growth in 2020 with new competitive market entries.[\[36\]](#cite_note-36) Online food delivery in Africa is slowly starting to take off, with multiple niche local delivery companies springing up offering a variety of different services ranging from food deliveries to groceries and house amenities delivery.

In Korea, the food delivery services include [Baedal Minjok](/wiki/Baedal_Minjok "Baedal Minjok"), Yogiyo, [Uber Eats](/wiki/Uber_Eats "Uber Eats"), and [CoupangEats](/wiki/Coupang "Coupang"). Korea online food delivery industry is expected to reach $10 billion by 2020.[\[37\]](#cite_note-37)

In the [Gulf Cooperation Council](/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council "Gulf Cooperation Council") Region, after Uber Eats decided to close its operations in Middle Eastern markets, major food delivery services include now [Careem Now](/wiki/Careem_Now "Careem Now"), [Deliveroo](/wiki/Deliveroo "Deliveroo"), [Talabat](/wiki/Talabat "Talabat") and Noon Food since 2021.[\[38\]](#cite_note-38)[\[39\]](#cite_note-39)

### Software platforms

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: Software platforms")\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Man_and_delivery_robot_waiting_at_pedestrian_crosing_in_Redwood_City%2C_California.jpg/220px-Man_and_delivery_robot_waiting_at_pedestrian_crosing_in_Redwood_City%2C_California.jpg)](/wiki/File:Man_and_delivery_robot_waiting_at_pedestrian_crosing_in_Redwood_City,_California.jpg) A man and a [Starship Technologies](/wiki/Starship_Technologies "Starship Technologies") delivery robot (right) waiting at a pedestrian crossing in [Redwood City, California](/wiki/Redwood_City,_California "Redwood City, California")

As the number of restaurant food delivery systems has increased, so have the logistical challenges of tracking online orders—restaurants using delivery services usually must have each service's tablet or iPad to receive orders, which then must be transferred into the restaurant's own [point-of-sales system](/wiki/Point_of_sale#Hospitality_industry "Point of sale").[\[40\]](#cite_note-Wen,_Reuters,_8/26/2017-Food_delivery_headaches-40) To streamline this, [software-as-a-service](/wiki/SaaS "SaaS") (SaaS) companies have emerged to integrate the online ordering, billing and dispatching of restaurant food orders.[\[41\]](#cite_note-Dunn,_BloombergBW,_2/4/2019-41)[\[42\]](#cite_note-Tech_Crunch,_Loizos,_1/9/2019-42) In addition to providing online ordering software for restaurant chains (e.g. [Applebee’s](/wiki/Applebee%E2%80%99s "Applebee’s"), [Cheesecake Factory](/wiki/Cheesecake_Factory "Cheesecake Factory"), [Chipotle](/wiki/Chipotle_Mexican_Grill "Chipotle Mexican Grill"), [Shake Shack](/wiki/Shake_Shack "Shake Shack")), these SaaS companies' digital platforms also provide data analysis that these restaurants use for medium- and long-term planning.[\[41\]](#cite_note-Dunn,_BloombergBW,_2/4/2019-41)[\[42\]](#cite_note-Tech_Crunch,_Loizos,_1/9/2019-42) The application created for food delivery have positive influences on the performance and profits of the restaurant. Besides, it also can help to save money and time for both restaurant and customers.[\[43\]](#cite_note-43)

Moreover, [COVID-19](/wiki/COVID-19 "COVID-19") has brought food delivery service to another level. The demand for online food delivery services increased significantly before the COVID-19 pandemic, which amounts to the US$31 billion.[\[44\]](#cite_note-44) Researcher Ahn also mentions that the revenue in the online food delivery segment increased from $76.195 billion in 2017 and aims to achieve $136.431 billion in 2022; the population of food delivery application users is expected to reach 965.8 million people by 2024.[\[45\]](#cite_note-45)

## Criticism

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: Criticism")\]

In May 2022, workers in two of the biggest GCC food-delivery service providers, [Deliveroo](/wiki/Deliveroo "Deliveroo") and [Talabat](/wiki/Talabat "Talabat") staged a mass walk out from their workplace in [Dubai, United Arab Emirates](/wiki/Dubai "Dubai"). They demanded for better pay and working conditions through one of the rare industrial acts witnessed by the country. In the first walk out, the Deliveroo workers demanded better pay from their employers, while in the second strike foreign workers pushed Talabat to suspend their plans to cut pay by refusing to make deliveries in the emirate. The [Gulf monarchy](/wiki/Arab_states_of_the_Persian_Gulf "Arab states of the Persian Gulf") prohibits the formation of independent trade unions, industrial actions of the sort, and public protests. Reportedly, Talabat drivers in UAE received 3,500 dirhams ($953) per month, without the mention of the number of working hours involved, whereas, Deliveroo drivers earned $2.79 for each delivery made. Post petrol charges, the drivers for Talabat complained that they were left with a total monthly earning of 2,500 dirhams a month, after working seven days a week for about 12 to 14 hours a day. The drivers warned of continuing protests until their demands were met. The UAE authorities remained unavailable for immediate comments. The human rights groups have criticized the emirate and other Gulf nations for committing labor abuse by paying low wages to the migrant workers.[\[46\]](#cite_note-46)

Food delivery has been criticised for enabling [unreported employment](/wiki/Unreported_employment "Unreported employment").[\[47\]](#cite_note-l657-47)

## See also

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=10 "Edit section: See also")\]

- [![icon](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg)[Food portal](/wiki/Portal:Food "Portal:Food")

- [Food technology](/wiki/Food_technology "Food technology")
- [Meals on Wheels](/wiki/Meals_on_Wheels "Meals on Wheels")
- [Milk delivery](/wiki/Milk_delivery "Milk delivery")
- [Online grocer](/wiki/Online_grocer "Online grocer")
- [Take-out](/wiki/Take-out "Take-out")
- [Yakult lady](/wiki/Yakult_lady "Yakult lady")

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=11 "Edit section: References")\]

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33. **[^](#cite_ref-33)**["Food Delivery App Market \[Sector Profile\]"](https://www.businessofapps.com/data/food-delivery-app-market/). _Business of Apps_. October 29, 2020. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210110062404/https://www.businessofapps.com/data/food-delivery-app-market/) from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
34. **[^](#cite_ref-34)**["Indian online food delivery market to hit $8bn by 2020"](https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/india/news/indian-online-food-delivery-market-to-hit-8bn-by-2020/articleshow/73696722.cms). _businessinsider.in_. business insider india. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200713150211/https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/india/news/indian-online-food-delivery-market-to-hit-8bn-by-2020/articleshow/73696722.cms) from the original on July 13, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
35. **[^](#cite_ref-35)**["On-demand delivery app Glovo has launched its operations in Nairobi"](https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2019/02/delivery-app-glovo-launches-in-nairobi/). _capitalfm.co.ke_. capital fm kenya. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190201183800/https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2019/02/delivery-app-glovo-launches-in-nairobi/) from the original on February 1, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
36. **[^](#cite_ref-36)**["Food delivery in Africa is soaring because of Covid-19 and more companies are expanding to cater to the business"](https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/markets/food-delivery-in-africa-is-soaring-because-of-covid-19-and-more-companies-are/ey3qe7f). _africa.businessinsider.com_. business insider africa. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210203195540/https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/markets/food-delivery-in-africa-is-soaring-because-of-covid-19-and-more-companies-are/ey3qe7f) from the original on February 3, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2020.
37. **[^](#cite_ref-37)**["코로나에 배달음식시장 호황…작년 17조 달해"](https://www.newsis.com/view/?id=NISX20210222_0001347095). _newsis_ (in Korean). 2021-02-22. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182932/https://www.newsis.com/view/?id=NISX20210222_0001347095) from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-04-04.
38. **[^](#cite_ref-38)**["Food delivery wars in the Middle East: A breakdown of the industry's dynamics"](https://www.menabytes.com/food-delivery-wars-middle-east/). _MenaBytes_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210207211607/https://www.menabytes.com/food-delivery-wars-middle-east/) from the original on February 7, 2021. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
39. **[^](#cite_ref-39)**["Noon Food ready to 'go into battle' with food aggregators, says Mohamed Alabbar"](https://www.caterermiddleeast.com/suppliers/86721-noon-food-ready-to-go-into-battle-with-food-aggregators-says-mohamed-alabbar). _Caterer Middle East_. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
40. **[^](#cite_ref-Wen,_Reuters,_8/26/2017-Food_delivery_headaches_40-0)**Wen, Melissa (August 26, 2017). ["Food delivery creates tech headache for some U.S. restaurants"](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-restaurants-deliver-idUSKCN1B60HC). _Reuters.com_. Thompson-Reuters. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190826200301/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-restaurants-deliver-idUSKCN1B60HC) from the original on August 26, 2019. Retrieved June 25, 2019. Four tablets from various delivery companies crowd the front counter of Proposition Chicken in San Francisco
41. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-Dunn,_BloombergBW,_2/4/2019_41-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-Dunn,_BloombergBW,_2/4/2019_41-1)Dunn, Elizabeth (February 4, 2019). "Farm to Desk". No. 4602. Bloomberg LLC. Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Many restaurants lack the expertise or investment necessary to build their own digital ordering systems. They turn to software providers
42. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-Tech_Crunch,_Loizos,_1/9/2019_42-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-Tech_Crunch,_Loizos,_1/9/2019_42-1)Loizos, Connie (January 9, 2019). ["Tiger Global just invested $18 million in Olo, a low-flying ordering platform for more than 50,000 fast-casual restaurants"](https://techcrunch.com/2019/01/09/tiger-global-just-invested-18-million-in-olo-a-low-flying-ordering-platform-for-more-than-50000-fast-casual-restaurants/). _TechCrunch_. Tech Crunch Verizon Media. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190722204330/https://techcrunch.com/2019/01/09/tiger-global-just-invested-18-million-in-olo-a-low-flying-ordering-platform-for-more-than-50000-fast-casual-restaurants/) from the original on July 22, 2019. Retrieved June 18, 2019.
43. **[^](#cite_ref-43)**Allah Pitchay, Anwar; Ganesan, Yuvaraj; Zulkifli, Nurul Syifa; Khaliq, Ahmad (2021-07-20). ["Determinants of customers' intention to use online food delivery application through smartphone in Malaysia"](https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/BFJ-01-2021-0075/full/html). _British Food Journal_. **124** (3): 732–753. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1108/BFJ-01-2021-0075](https://doi.org/10.1108%2FBFJ-01-2021-0075). [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0007-070X](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0007-070X). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [237713430](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237713430). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20211128135444/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/BFJ-01-2021-0075/full/html) from the original on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2021-11-28.
44. **[^](#cite_ref-44)**Jun, Kyungyul; Yoon, Borham; Lee, Seungsuk; Lee, Dong-Soo (January 2022). ["Factors Influencing Customer Decisions to Use Online Food Delivery Service during the COVID-19 Pandemic"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8750313). _Foods_. **11** (1): 64. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"):[10.3390/foods11010064](https://doi.org/10.3390%2Ffoods11010064). [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [2304-8158](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2304-8158). [PMC](/wiki/PMC_(identifier) "PMC (identifier)") [8750313](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8750313). [PMID](/wiki/PMID_(identifier) "PMID (identifier)") [35010192](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35010192).
45. **[^](#cite_ref-45)**Ahn, Jiseon (2022-02-16). ["Impact of cognitive aspects of food mobile application on customers' behaviour"](https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1890700). _Current Issues in Tourism_. **25** (4): 516–523. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1080/13683500.2021.1890700](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13683500.2021.1890700). [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [1368-3500](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1368-3500). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [233966522](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:233966522).
46. **[^](#cite_ref-46)**["Foreign food delivery drivers stage rare strike in Dubai"](https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/deliveryhero-subsidiary-drivers-strike-dubai-2022-05-09/). _Reuters_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200102225119/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/deliveryhero-subsidiary-drivers-strike-dubai-2022-05-09/) from the original on 2020-01-02. Retrieved 10 May 2022.
47. **[^](#cite_ref-l657_47-0)**Robins, Daniel (7 August 2023). ["Invisible Migration and "Perverse" Capital: Exploring the Experiences of Migrant Delivery Riders"](https://doi.org/10.1177%2F01979183231191746). _International Migration Review_. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"):[10.1177/01979183231191746](https://doi.org/10.1177%2F01979183231191746). [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0197-9183](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0197-9183).

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Food_delivery&action=edit&section=12 "Edit section: External links")\]

- [![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg) Media related to [Food delivery](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Food_delivery "commons:Category:Food delivery") at Wikimedia Commons

- [v](/wiki/Template:Meals_navbox "Template:Meals navbox")
- [t](/wiki/Template_talk:Meals_navbox "Template talk:Meals navbox")
- [e](/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Meals_navbox "Special:EditPage/Template:Meals navbox")

[Meals](/wiki/Meal "Meal")

Common meals

- [Suhur](/wiki/Suhur "Suhur")
- [Breakfast](/wiki/Breakfast "Breakfast")
- [Second breakfast](/wiki/Second_breakfast "Second breakfast")
- [Elevenses](/wiki/Elevenses "Elevenses")
- [Coffee break](/wiki/Break_(work) "Break (work)")
- [Brunch](/wiki/Brunch "Brunch")
- [Lunch](/wiki/Lunch "Lunch")
- [Tea](/wiki/Tea_(meal) "Tea (meal)")
- [Merienda](/wiki/Merienda "Merienda")
- [Tiffin](/wiki/Tiffin "Tiffin")
- [Dinner](/wiki/Dinner "Dinner")
- [Supper](/wiki/Supper "Supper")
- [Iftar](/wiki/Iftar "Iftar")
- [Siu yeh](/wiki/Siu_yeh "Siu yeh")

Components

and [courses](/wiki/Course_(food) "Course (food)")

- [Apéritif and digestif](/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ritif_and_digestif "Apéritif and digestif")
- [Hors d'oeuvre](/wiki/Hors_d%27oeuvre "Hors d'oeuvre")
- _[Amuse-bouche](/wiki/Amuse-bouche "Amuse-bouche")_
- [Soup](/wiki/Soup "Soup")
- [Entrée](/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e "Entrée")
- [Roast](/wiki/Roasting "Roasting")
- [Main course](/wiki/Main_course "Main course")
- [Salad](/wiki/Salad "Salad")
- [Side dish](/wiki/Side_dish "Side dish")
- [Entremets](/wiki/Entremets "Entremets")
- [Dessert](/wiki/Dessert "Dessert")
- [Savoury](/wiki/Savoury_(dish) "Savoury (dish)")
- [Meal replacement](/wiki/Meal_replacement "Meal replacement")
- [Snack](/wiki/Snack "Snack")

[Table service](/wiki/Foodservice#Table_service "Foodservice")

- [Buffet](/wiki/Buffet "Buffet")
- [smörgåsbord](/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord "Smörgåsbord")
- [Conveyor belt sushi](/wiki/Conveyor_belt_sushi "Conveyor belt sushi")
- [Dish](/wiki/Dish_(food) "Dish (food)")
- [Finger food](/wiki/Finger_food "Finger food")
- [Full-course dinner](/wiki/Full-course_dinner "Full-course dinner")
- [Platter](/wiki/Platter_(dinner) "Platter (dinner)")
- [Rodízio](/wiki/Rod%C3%ADzio "Rodízio")
- [Service à la française](/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_fran%C3%A7aise "Service à la française")
- [Service à la russe](/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_russe "Service à la russe")
- [Silver service](/wiki/Silver_service "Silver service")
- [Small plates](/wiki/Small_plates "Small plates")
- [Table reservation](/wiki/Table_reservation "Table reservation")

Presentation

- [Al fresco](/wiki/Al_fresco_dining "Al fresco dining")
- [Dining room](/wiki/Dining_room "Dining room")
- [Eating utensils](/wiki/List_of_eating_utensils "List of eating utensils")
- [Food presentation](/wiki/Food_presentation "Food presentation")
- [Garnish](/wiki/Garnish_(cooking) "Garnish (cooking)")
- [Nyotaimori](/wiki/Nyotaimori "Nyotaimori")
- [Pièce montée](/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_mont%C3%A9e "Pièce montée")
- [Serving size](/wiki/Serving_size "Serving size")
- [Table setting](/wiki/Table_setting "Table setting")
- [Tablecloth](/wiki/Tablecloth "Tablecloth")
- [Tableware](/wiki/Tableware "Tableware")

Dining

- [Dress code](/wiki/Dress_code "Dress code")
- [Table manners](/wiki/Table_manners "Table manners")
  - [Eating utensil etiquette](/wiki/Eating_utensil_etiquette "Eating utensil etiquette")
- [Toast](/wiki/Toast_(honor) "Toast (honor)")
- [Waiting staff](/wiki/Waiting_staff "Waiting staff")

Regional styles

- [Anju](/wiki/Anju_(food) "Anju (food)")
- [Antipasto](/wiki/Antipasto "Antipasto")
- [Cicchetti](/wiki/Cicchetti "Cicchetti")
- [Banchan](/wiki/Banchan "Banchan") / [Korean table d'hôte](/wiki/Korean_table_d%27h%C3%B4te "Korean table d'hôte")
- [Bandeja paisa](/wiki/Bandeja_paisa "Bandeja paisa")
- [Dastarkhān](/wiki/Dastarkh%C4%81n "Dastarkhān")
- [Dim sum](/wiki/Dim_sum "Dim sum") / [Yum cha](/wiki/Yum_cha "Yum cha")
- [Fika](/wiki/Fika_(Sweden) "Fika (Sweden)")
- [Izakaya](/wiki/Izakaya "Izakaya") / [Sakana](/wiki/Sakana "Sakana")
- [Kaiseki](/wiki/Kaiseki "Kaiseki")
- [Meat and three](/wiki/Meat_and_three "Meat and three")
- [Meze](/wiki/Meze "Meze")
- [Okazuya](/wiki/Okazuya "Okazuya")
- [Plate lunch](/wiki/Plate_lunch "Plate lunch")
- [Pu pu platter](/wiki/Pu_pu_platter "Pu pu platter")
- [Rice and three](/wiki/Rice_and_three "Rice and three")
- [Rijsttafel](/wiki/Rijsttafel "Rijsttafel")
- [Sadhya](/wiki/Sadhya "Sadhya")
- [Smörgåsbord](/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord "Smörgåsbord")
- [Tapas](/wiki/Tapas "Tapas")
- [Thali](/wiki/Thali "Thali")
- [Tiffin](/wiki/Tiffin "Tiffin")
- [Zakuski](/wiki/Zakuski "Zakuski")

Packed

- [Airline meal](/wiki/Airline_meal "Airline meal")
- [Bento](/wiki/Bento "Bento")
- [Convenience food](/wiki/Convenience_food "Convenience food")
- [Dosirak](/wiki/Dosirak "Dosirak")
- [Ekiben](/wiki/Ekiben "Ekiben")
- [Emergency rations](/wiki/Emergency_rations "Emergency rations")
- [Fast food](/wiki/Fast_food "Fast food")
- [Field ration](/wiki/Field_ration "Field ration")
- [Frozen meal](/wiki/Frozen_meal "Frozen meal")
- [Instant breakfast](/wiki/Instant_breakfast "Instant breakfast")
- [Jūbako](/wiki/J%C5%ABbako "Jūbako")
- [Ninja diet](/wiki/Ninja_diet "Ninja diet")
- [Packed lunch](/wiki/Packed_lunch "Packed lunch")
- [Space food](/wiki/Space_food "Space food")
- [Take-out](/wiki/Take-out "Take-out")

[Menus](/wiki/Menu "Menu") and

meal deals

- [À la carte](/wiki/%C3%80_la_carte "À la carte")
- [Blue-plate special](/wiki/Blue-plate_special "Blue-plate special")
- [Combination meal](/wiki/Combination_meal "Combination meal")
- [Free lunch](/wiki/Free_lunch "Free lunch")
- [Free refill](/wiki/Free_refill "Free refill")
- [Happy hour](/wiki/Happy_hour "Happy hour")
- [Kids' meal](/wiki/Kids%27_meal "Kids' meal")
- [School meal](/wiki/School_meal "School meal")
- [Suspended meal](/wiki/Suspended_meal "Suspended meal")
- [Table d'hôte](/wiki/Table_d%27h%C3%B4te "Table d'hôte")
- [Tasting menu](/wiki/Tasting_menu "Tasting menu") / [Degustation](/wiki/Degustation "Degustation")
- [Value meal](/wiki/Value_meal "Value meal")
- [Value menu](/wiki/Value_menu "Value menu")

[Communal meals](/wiki/Communal_meal "Communal meal")

- [Banquet](/wiki/Banquet "Banquet")
  - [State banquet](/wiki/State_banquet "State banquet")
- [Barbecue](/wiki/Barbecue "Barbecue")
- [Commercium](/wiki/Commercium "Commercium")
- [Dining in](/wiki/Dining_in "Dining in")
- [Iftar](/wiki/Iftar "Iftar")
- [Picnic](/wiki/Picnic "Picnic")
- [Potluck](/wiki/Potluck "Potluck")
- [Seder](/wiki/Seder "Seder")
- [Sittning](/wiki/Sittning "Sittning")
- [Soup kitchen](/wiki/Soup_kitchen "Soup kitchen")
- [Supra](/wiki/Supra_(feast) "Supra (feast)")
- [Tableround](/wiki/Tableround "Tableround")
- [Tea party](/wiki/Tea_party "Tea party")

[Catering](/wiki/Catering "Catering") and

food delivery

- Food delivery
- [Online food ordering](/wiki/Online_food_ordering "Online food ordering")
- [Virtual restaurant](/wiki/Virtual_restaurant "Virtual restaurant")

Places to eat

- [Café](/wiki/Coffeehouse "Coffeehouse")
- [Cafeteria](/wiki/Cafeteria "Cafeteria")
- [Dining room](/wiki/Dining_room "Dining room")
- [Food truck](/wiki/Food_truck "Food truck")
- [Inn](/wiki/Inn "Inn")
- [Kitchen](/wiki/Kitchen "Kitchen")
- [Mess](/wiki/Mess "Mess")
- [Picnic table](/wiki/Picnic_table "Picnic table")
- [Restaurant](/wiki/Restaurant "Restaurant")
- [Soup kitchen](/wiki/Soup_kitchen "Soup kitchen")
- [Street food](/wiki/Street_food "Street food")
- [Tavern](/wiki/Tavern "Tavern")
- [Traiteur](/wiki/Traiteur_(culinary_profession) "Traiteur (culinary profession)")

Related

- [Coffee culture](/wiki/Coffee_culture "Coffee culture")
- [Cook](/wiki/Cook_(profession) "Cook (profession)")
- [Cookbook](/wiki/Cookbook "Cookbook")
- [Cooking](/wiki/Cooking "Cooking")
- [Chef](/wiki/Chef "Chef")
- [Culinary arts](/wiki/Culinary_arts "Culinary arts")
- [Cuisine](/wiki/Cuisine "Cuisine")
  - [outline](/wiki/Outline_of_cuisines "Outline of cuisines")
- [Drink](/wiki/Drink "Drink")
- [Eating](/wiki/Eating "Eating")
- [Food](/wiki/Food "Food")
  - [Lists of food and beverage topics](/wiki/Lists_of_food_and_beverage_topics "Lists of food and beverage topics")
- [Meal preparation](/wiki/Meal_preparation "Meal preparation")
- [Outline of food preparation](/wiki/Outline_of_food_preparation "Outline of food preparation")
- [Salumeria](/wiki/Salumeria "Salumeria")
- [Tea culture](/wiki/Tea_culture "Tea culture")

- ![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png)[Category](/wiki/Category:Meals "Category:Meals")
- ![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png)[Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Meals "commons:Category:Meals")

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[Categories](/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"):

- [Distribution (marketing)](/wiki/Category:Distribution_(marketing) "Category:Distribution (marketing)")
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