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### animal \| vertebrate \| amphibian \| toad: Wood frog * Most wood frogs adapt to climates - cold climates * Some wood frogs have components - remain in states * are an amphibian species of upland forests - ectotherms , and their body temperature closely tracks the outside air temperature - one of the first frogs to begin the breeding season - poikilotherms and rely on the environment for heat - remarkable creatures - terrestrial except during the breeding season * begin their mating calls while there is snow on the ground and ice in the pools. * breed early in the spring, taking advantage of temporary wetlands - explosively in spring ponds where resident males jostle with each other * can live north of the Arctic Circle, surviving for weeks in a frozen limbo state. * tend to like forested ponds. Young toad * eat smaller sizes of the same prey that adults feed on. * have small dark, orange-tipped spots on the back. Urodele * Some urodeles are entirely aquatic, but others live on land as adults or throughout life. * are without invest- ing girdle bones. * is an amphibian<\|endoftext\|>Ability * Abilities are forms of developing expertise - in adapting, alternating, observing, changing, and communicating - often disparate, with striking contrasts between abilities and levels of achievement * Some ability affects nutrition. * contributes to development. * depends on quality. * determinant of behavior. * ensures survival. * explains skills. * grouping involves creating groups within the same classroom. * has advantage - limitations * has obvious advantage - survival advantage * helps predators. * increases over time. * influences outcomes - success * is cognition - dispositions - dynamic, changing as the child grows, matures and develops - how much income people make, how much they can put down - skill or proficiency in understanding financial products * is the make up of an athlete - only way to succeed in life - power of accomplishing something - product of aptitude multiplied by training and resources - state of being able or competent * provides additional benefits * provides important benefits - potential benefits * relates to duties - official duties * translates into capability. ### ability: Ability grouping * divisive issue among parents, teachers, and policymakers. * is the grouping of students according to their ability, as the name suggests - used in the academic areas of English, mathematics, science, and social studies<\|endoftext\|>### ability: Adaptability * covers the ability to react to network configuration or application changes. * is ability - about new partnerships for new economic, social and technological conditions - health - just one attribute associated with mathematicians * is the key Life process of change - for a species like the mallard that uses a broad range of habitats - to survival - root of evolution and the secret to biological success - strongest single resource of the brain * marks the history of American media. * requires partnership to adapt to new economic, social and technological conditions. * varies both from person to person and from population to population. Athletic ability * Athletic abilities are the underlying parameters of being a skillful athlete. * increases the longer the child takes lessons. Capability * Capabilities are the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform roles effectively - refer to specific skills which are localized in a particular job or role * drives growth. * is aptitude - susceptibility	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### ability \| capability: Capacity * Capacities are a person s ability or capacity to experience or express something. * Most capacity relates to thermal conductivity. * depends on factors. * familiar concept to the medical profession. * improves ability. * includes analyses. * influences characteristics. - determined by the amount of instruments and equipment needed - functions * is measured in liters - units called bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes - production - simply the amount of water that the humidifier or vaporizer holds * is the amount of data that the drive can store, after formatting - most important variable when estimating volumes on congested highways - potential to do something * is the power of either an organization or individual to perform or to produce - to receive training or instruction - prospect's financial ability to give - size of the tube - tolerance * measure of how much data a hard drive, or any other storage medium, can store. * refers to uncompressed, nominal capacity. * reflects productivity. * relates to conductivity * variable element that is affected by both seasonal demand and business cycles. ### ability \| capability \| capacity: Assimilative capacity * is the ability of a river basin to safely absorb pollutants. * refers to the degree that a particular environment can reduce contamination. Battery capacity * is about half that of an alkaline cell - expressed in ampere-hours * is measured in amp hours - talk time or standby time Heat capacity * Heat capacities depend upon the manner in which they are measured. * Most heat capacity relates to conductivity * belongs to the properties which are least affected by high pressures. * is kind of like density. * is the amount of energy for a substance to change in temperature - change in heat divided by the change in temperature - quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of an object by one degree * measure of how much heat a material can hold. Human capacity * begins with basic education and literacy. * has both personal and social relevance. * is an often-neglected component of building a digital society. Lung capacity * is increased by arm movements. * tends to decline in old age. Managerial capacity * is an important factor that involves education, experience and motivation. * refers to the system s institutional and administrative capabilities. Mental capacity * Mental capacities vary. * is decision-specific rather than all or nothing - intelligence - lost and the ability to recognize the loss Physiological capacity * All physiological capacities have a limited level of development. * Most physiological capacities are dependent upon body and system dimensions. * Physiological capacities achieve ceiling levels in a relatively short period of time. Vital capacity * decreases with age. * equals total lung capacity. * is capacity - diagnostic tests - directly proportional to the total number of alveoli in a person's lung - maximum volume of air that can be moved in and out during a single breath - related to age, height, and gender * is the largest amount of air that can be exhaled after taking a deep breath - maximum volume that can be expired after a maximal inspiration * tends to increase with height. Cognitive ability * Cognitive abilities are relatively stable and change very slowly. * influences outcomes. Contractility * is ability - also a model for biological energy transduction and enzymology in general * is the ability to shorten and thicken after sufficient stimulus - inherent ability of the myocardial cell to contract ### ability \| contractility: Astringency * Astringencies are contractility - taste * is contractility - removed by cooking, and choke cherries make tasty pie-fillings, sauces and wine * sensation or feeling, a dry, puckery feeling in the mouth.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### ability: Human ability * Human abilities exist on a continuum - refer to differences in information processing speed and capacity * is the cornerstone of golf. Immunocompetence * appears to influence the outcome of cytauxzoonosis in bobcats. * is ability - essential for good health and longevity<\|endoftext\|>### ability: Psychic ability * Psychic abilities are inherent in consciousness - scary - involve the use of all of our senses * gift from spirit - uninvited by true psychics * goes hand in hand with all exceptional ability. * has to have a confident spirit in which to grow. * is as common as the ability to walk. * is like a musical or artistic talent - sometimes comparable to common sense and experience * runs in families, and for a simple reason. * skill of the mind and imagination. * useful technique, because it hovers on the borders of sci-fi and reality. * way of perceiving and using energy that is different from the physical world. Totipotency * is ability - known to be present in plant cells * is the ability of each and every plant cell to regenerate an entirely new plant - physiological basis for reproducing plants from cuttings Visual ability * Visual abilities develop as a child matures - range from legal blindness to total blindness * fundamental survival skill among creatures of the reef, especially fish. ### abjection: Decadence * is abjection - sometimes amoral, especially in the modern era - usually a state in a society which used to be good but has become bad + Decadence, Decadence and society: Culture :: Ethics :: Literature :: Painting :: Pop music * Decadence is usually a state in a society which used to be good but has become bad. Many people have started to behave in a way that others think is shocking and society does not function as well as it did before. Degeneracy * Degeneracies are important in physics. * results because there are more codons than encodable amino acids - from symmetry in the system + Particle in a box, Higher-dimensional boxes: Quantum mechanics :: Physics * This situation is called 'degeneracy' and for the case where exactly two degenerate wavefunctions have the same energy that energy level is said to be 'doubly degenerate'. Degeneracy results from symmetry in the system. ### abnormal cells: Large cell * appear to be dark shades while small cells appear to be lighter shades. * are abnormal cells * have a smaller ratio of surface area to volume than do small cells. * surround dorsal fenestra. * term used in oncology. ### abnormal growths: Spinal tumor * Most spinal tumors are extradural. * are abnormal growths - usually meningiomas or neurofibromas * caused by lung cancer are more aggressive. * is much less common than primary brain tumor. Aboriginal group * claim they have been discriminated against in earthquake relief efforts. * occupy the upland area around the borders of Cambodia. * say regulating guns violates aboriginal treaty rights. ### absent: Calcium oxalate * is absent - also a constituent of the root - associated with benign breast tissue * is insoluble in alkali and acetic acid, but it dissolves in hydrochloric acid - water and acetic acid - more likely to form in males, struvite is more likely to form in females * is the most common constituent of kidney stones - other common mineral Free carbonate * are absent - generally in the solum * are in the organic layers in some pedons - substratum and in some pedons, are in the lower part of the subsoil - present ### absolute power: Universal knowledge * can develop from experience. * is absolute power. Absolutism * carries a torch and wears a white robe. * is control - divine command theory, but without the generous and humble spirit - doctrines - dominance - the pivot of Vedanta philosophy	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### absorbed poorly: Green light * are good to use when healing. * arises in regions where the gas is doubly ionized. * carries the most energy of any color. * has a shorter wavelength than orange light - wavelength of about - higher frequency than the red light - properties totally unique in the natural world * is absorbed poorly - emitted when oxygen ions acquire electrons from the surrounding gas - green - higher energy than purple light - least effective to plants as most plants reflect green light and absorb very little - light waves - permission - reflected or transmitted, as is far-red light - right in the middle of the visible light spectrum - traffic light - transmitted through while the red and blue light is absorbed ### abstract concept: Absolute * are abstraction - highly concentrated, entirely alcohol-soluble perfume material * are the beginning of justice - framework for perceiving truth - words such as all, none, always, never, and every * cause an intense emotional reaction, either positive or negative, in most people. * exist as concepts. * exist, and what is right, the truth, many times is known. * is abstraction	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abstract concept: Braille * also gives blind people more options in life. * are strongly language-dependent. * bears no visual resemblance to the written alphabet. * certain pattern of bumps that make a letter. * code of raised dots that allows the blind to read by touch - small, raised dots that can be read by touch - which enables blind persons to read and write * is an abstraction - alphabet that uses raised dots to represent letters - example of blind embossing - important skill for anyone who is blind or vision impaired - output alternative for people who are blind - based on different combinations of six dots - created by small pins that push the dots up from the back of the special heavy paper * is in English - an eccentric orbit that passes inside the orbit of Mars - intended for use by the visually impaired - intrinsically a straight line notation - just as important to a blind child as print is to a sighted child - literacy for the tactual learner - made up of a series of little bumps that stick up from a surface - now almost universal for writing for the blind * is read by lightly moving the fingers from left to right across the line of Braille - moving the hand or hands from left to right along each line - from left to right using the index fingers on one or both hands - the format which blind persons use to read most of their materials * is the key to literacy and intellectual growth - most direct contact blind persons have with the written thoughts of others * is the most widely accepted system of reading and writing for blind people - used communication method for blind people - solution to the digital divide - system for accessing literal information by touching raised dots - written language of the blind - to blind people what print is to sighted people * is used by many blind individuals - the majority of persons who are visually impaired - only for alphabetic characters, numbers, and punctuation marks - with different languages today - written with a combination of six raised dots on stiff white paper * is, after all, a tactual, hands-on means of reading and writing. * only has one set of letters. * reading and writing system used by visually impaired people. * representation of text that depends on the language being represented. * special alphabet for people who are blind. * system for reading and writing. * system of raised dots that a blind person can read with their fingertips - which blind people can read with their fingers * system of reading and writing by touch used by the blind - touch reading and writing for blind people * tactile reading system used to present text to a reader who has a visual impairment. * unique form of written communication. * universal form of communication for any language and any culture - many language and any culture * useful alphabet for blind people when they use computers. * uses a series of raised dots to represent letters or groups of letters - cells of six raised dots, in two columns of three dots - impressions on paper to create an alphabet, numbering system and punctuation * vital reading and writing tool for blind people. + Braille, The Braille alphabet, The Braille cell * Braille uses cells of six raised dots, in two columns of three dots. The dot positions on the left are numbered one, to three, the ones on the right four to six, as shown in the picture - alphabet: Braille :: Tactile alphabets :: Assistive technology :: Encodings :: Blindness :: Latin alphabet representations :: Writing systems :: Encodings * Braille is used with different languages today. In each language, the letters are 'encoded' differently, depending on the alphabet. The list of codes is known as braille code, or code page. There are also different braille codes in use for special purposes, like writing shorthand, mathematics or music	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abstract concept: Market share * depends on how the market is defined. - important for long term stability of any business - of interest to everyone in business - particularly important in the software industry because of increasing returns - represented by a grid - that portion of an overall market segment's potential by a specific retailer * is the percent share in sales one company controls in a particular market - percentage of each county's total taxable consumer retail sales * matter of definition. * measurement of unit sales at any given time.<\|endoftext\|>### abstract concept: Measure * angles in degrees - radians - with respect to the pole of the plane * are abstraction - activities, programs or services that limit or reduce the emission of greenhouse gases - containers - maneuvers - musical notation * are the processes used to determine the actual level achieved on the desired criterion - values that are actually counted in a calculation * change in gemstone's surface temperature. * changes in water volume due to evaporation and melting of snow. * curvature in two dimensions of a patient's cornea. * distances on maps and globes. * is the abstract base class for a set of classes dealing with coordinates - dialectic of quantity and quality which passes into the recognition of something * means to find out how big or long something is by using a measuring unit. * microscopic amounts of blood in feces. * objects weight in grams. * quantities indirectly using algebra, geometry or trigonometry. * structure commensurate with the relations by which that structure is constituted.<\|endoftext\|>### abstract concept \| measure: Indirect measure * compare one person 's behaviors to other people 's behaviors. + Applied behavior analysis, Analyzing Behavior, Data collection * Indirect measures could also be used but they are not as good. Indirect measures compare one person's behaviors to other people's behaviors. They get information about a person this way. An example would be an intelligence test. One person's score is compared to the scores that other people got. These are not as good because everyone is different. Scores on indirect measures can also change a lot. Physiological measure * predict behavioral lifetime of human auditory sensory memory. * start to increase perhaps several minutes before waking. Preventative measure * Some preventative measures can ease the anxiety of parents and of children. * are important because eye diseases develop over a long period of time. * can be helpful in controlling insects - help reduce the risk of being stung - significantly reduce the incidence and severity of head injury * save lives, and their costs are significantly less than the cost of passivity. Preventive measure * are especially important for arthritis - essential in minimizing the spread of the hepatitis viruses - often more effective for keeping groups healthy and active * consist in keeping from being bitten by infected mosquitoes. Unit of measure * Units of measure are the metric ton and the U.S. dollar. * is the candela per square meter - dunno - hectolitre Unobtrusive measure * are ways of studying social behavior without affecting that behavior. * reduce the problem of reactivity.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abstract concept: Perfection * can come in many different shapes and sizes. * causes jealousy. * concept of the Christian Platonic mind-set. * goal to be reached by a gradual process. * human abstraction. * is albums - also a concept, in the same way that infinity is * is an abstract concept - accumulation of near-perfect giving - illusion that is unattainable - balance and harmony in life, while desire is an imbalance of thought - being entirely without flaw and meeting supreme standards of excellence - born of purity of heart - either in the past or in the future or in the dream world - improvement - seen as the price for success and avoidance of disappointments and problems * is the clerkly way of doing things - essence light - invention of man - part of the process where a bill is debated and amended - sense of oneness with all that is,has ever been and can ever be - then the sense of oneness with all that is,has ever been and can ever be * lies in the degree of openness to self-transcendence. * means being able to control our environment - the perfection of love and the perfection of personality - to engage in one's original consciousness * process to achieve and to create, by correct and exemplary living. * refers to simplicity of intention and purity of affection. * Wikipedia is not paper and has no need to work towards a deadline. There is no finished version expected soon, and it is perfectly acceptable to let the editing process fashion an article up to our standards eventually. Wikipedia work in progress, and will always remain so. There is no publication date and Wikipedia does not have to be finished today. It merely needs to have improved on yesterday. Perfection is neither desired nor achievable. * relative term. * sense of never having arrived, never doing good enough. * theoretical construct, an unknown ideal. * vision that is shared by all. Revery * Reveries are of two kinds, sinful and religious. * is abstraction<\|endoftext\|>### abstract concept: Right * All rights are rights to freedom of action. * are a concept that implies stability over time - fundamental basis from which all dispossessed people can progress - protection from society - responsibility that the individual holds to the community and other holders of rights - baleen whales similar in size and color to bowheads - civil and political, economical and social - commons - concepts pertaining to the only species capable of forming concepts - human beings * are ethical principals that can only apply to beings that can reason - principles applicable only to beings capable of reason and choice - factions - freedoms guaranteed by law - hands - inherent in the nature of man - interest - interests constituted by law and enforceable by governments - justice - legal entitlements such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness * are moral principles sanctioning a man's freedom of action in a social context - that guarantee freedom of action in a moral context - norms - part of a social contract that makes no sense without responsibilities - political parties - positions - privileges that are bestowed upon people by their country when they declare alliance - something that exist simultaneously among people - the artificial constructs defining how different parties agree to treat each other - turns - universal, applying to all people in all places at all times - what a civilized world revolves around * are, by their nature, based on a homocentric view of the world. * can take the form of patents, trademarks, trade names and copyrights. * exist in a world governed by limited resources. * involve claims by individuals or classes against the larger society. * is abstraction - the word used to mean that things are fair for everyone * represent entitlement and claims by individuals.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abstract concept \| right: Aboriginal right * are rights for aboriginal people, guaranteed by the Constitution - the rights of Aboriginal peoples * influence economic development. Animal right * capitalizes on public confusion. * catchphrase akin to human rights. * clearly defined ideological concept. * is based on a concern for individual creatures foremost - the philosophic attempt to better that humanity - usually the first step that children take in being involved in the environment * means an end to all cures for diseases - animals first - dramatic social changes for humans and nonhumans alike * philosophical viewpoint. Constitutional right * are legal rights defined in law and protected by an independent judiciary * protect and create equality for all citizens before the law. Equal right * are the recognition that each citizen is equal to each other. * is about equal access and equal opportunities - deem sectarian and bigotry is labelled as secular Group right * are the negation of individual rights. * promote differences and stereotypes.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abstract concept \| right: Human right * All human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent and interrelated. * abuses only speed up a government's loss of legitimacy and lead to greater instability. * address a specific arena of the human condition. * affect the happiness, health and prosperity of a community. * allow people to have assertive exercise and individual empowerment - live a life that they choose free from discrimination and harassment * are African rights, they are American rights - America's legacy to the world * are a cardinal aspect of our faith - concept which grew out of medieval Christian Europe - general possession of all users * are a legitimate claim and a solemn responsibility - concern of the international community - problem for dissidents and others who run afoul of well-enforced rules - recognized objective by all * are about freedom from fear as much as from want - the ways states treat their own citizens or individuals under their control * are an essential element in education for modern citizenship - inextricable part of our lives - issue for everyone, everywhere - as much the result of history as they are universal - at the root of children's rights - basic protections to which a human being in a given country has a just claim - dependent upon the acceptance of an idea - everyone's rights * are for everyone, everywhere and at all times - foreign to no culture and native to all nations - fundamental to making democracy work for all citizens - highly respected and freedom of expression legally protected by the constitution - ideals that people try to live up to - important because they acknowledge the intrinsic value of human beings - in a sense both the design and the product of people organized through government - inalienable and inviolable rights - inherent and inalienable - inseparable from responsibilities - intrinsic for every human being - key to people s lives for four main reasons * are more basic than derived knowledge - important than property rights - inclusive, encompassing all the peoples of the earth - necessary for a life with human dignity - now global issues - of universal significance - political rights - properly the birthright of every human being - rights of entitlement * are rights that all people have - any person has as a human being * are the birthright of every person - business of everyone - foundation of human existence and coexistence - glue which bind societies - minimum conditions for life in community - most basic of laws - natural-born rights for every human being, universally - possession and entitlement of all - result of popular engagement and struggle * are the rights of human beings, both individual and collective - people have simply because they are human - that one has because one is human - simple idea of one being able to enjoy life, and live well with human dignity * are universal , indivisible , interdependent , and inalienable - indivisible, interdependent and interrelated - interrelated and indivisible - what reason requires and conscience commands - women's rights and women's rights are human rights * become meaningful only through national observance and protection. * begin with children's rights. * belong to every person by virtue of birth - everyone, or they are guaranteed to no one * constitute our response to the demands of justice and the fulfillment of human needs. * define at the same time, values, objectives and the limits. * disappear when anyone who speaks out is assassinated by death squads. * encompasses personal and religious use. * exist only to the extent that they are struggled for, won and then maintained - to secure freedom from fear and freedom from want * form the core of Bulgaria's new democratic Constitution. * give people the choice to live to their potential and to live a life of dignity. * has multiple dimensions. * have a spiritual character - different meanings when observed from a deep versus a shallow point of view - no borders - to include the right to education, health, shelter and food * imply also that one has obligations as a human - some moral basis for rights * involve relationship among individuals, and between individuals and the state. * is an idea whose time has come. * is the name given to humankind's most universal and fundamental needs and aspirations - soul of our foreign policy * perish at death. * protect an individual's autonomy against greater institutions - men, women and children all over the world * provide for the recognition of the human being as an autonomous being. * require the preservation of religious liberty and freedom of conscience. * secure our freedom to live fully and responsibly within life's community. * seek to prevent and redress inhuman wrongs. * transcend all borders, cultures and notions of difference. * try to aim for self-liquidation. * universal notion, though there is sometimes a difference in application. * very important issue in today's society.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abstract concept \| right: Individual right * apply, even to children. * are actually fundamental to create real jobs - both legal and moral - central to the organizing principles of our nation - fundamental to the values of socialism - inseparable from individual responsibilities - the basic foundation of our political system * begin at birth, with the creation of a new, separate human being. * presume personal and social responsbilities. Legal right * are rights - usually moral rights that are protected by law * relate to specific issues, and are written into laws - written into the law Natural right * are inherent in human nature. * belong to all people, in all times and places - moral discourse and association Parental right * are a private law concept, a bourgeois concept. * imply parental responsibility. Privacy right * allow people to break the law without anyone knowing it. * are in their infancy on the internet today - vulnerable in an online environment * hinge on important notions of human dignity. Reproductive right * are a subset of sexual and reproductive health and rights - vital part of a human rights agenda - an important part of efforts to protect the environment - central to our liberty and equality - legal rights related to reproduction and reproductive health * embrace existing human rights. * includes the right to sex education and abortion services. * is so important in an individual life in and especially to women. Riparian right * are property rights arising from owning shoreland - which run with the land - rights of owners of land abutting a stream * relate to the use and ownership of water in A. non-navigable rivers and streams. Social right * are universal franchises, and relate entirely to public privileges - welfare states rights * cover a wide field, and include both absolute and conferred rights. * have to do with health and relations to family members. Water right * Some water rights authorize users to impound water in a lake or reservoir for later use. * allow use of ground or surface water. * are constitutionally inseparable from the right of ownership of property Worker right * are controversial because it involves major corporations - indivisible from human rights * promote productivity growth. ### abundant: Epiphytic orchid * Most epiphytic orchids have aerial roots - occur in regions * Most epiphytic orchids produce aerial roots * Some epiphytic orchids have air - layers * are abundant. * grow on other plants. - special root layers that absorb and store water for future use * require a growing media with extremely good aeration and drainage.<\|endoftext\|>### abundant: Underground water * Any underground water is kept liquid by overlying pressure and Mars s internal heat. * Some underground waters contain big quantity of dissolved metal salts. * can also erode and deposit material. * comes close enough to the surface for springs and wells to exist. * is abundant - analyzed once a year - called groundwater, as opposed to surface water in lakes and rivers - considered fairly clean because soils create a filter that remove large toxins - often the source of potable water - scarce and often available only at great depths - widespread enough to allow the raising of cattle, sheep, goats, and camels	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abundant: Wild animal * All wild animals are susceptible to parasites and disease - belong in the wild - carry diseases - have the potential of being dangerous, especially when wounded or cornered * Every wild animal is born with well-defined instincts. * Many wild animals can be dangerous to handle - carry parasites and diseases - find themselves endangered or threatened by pollution, hunting and more * Many wild animals live in the forests including tigers, chital, bears, pigs, and deer - unsettled interior, but some also live near cities - survive their injuries but are unable to be released due to permanent damage * Most wild animals are less shy of a riding elephant - nocturnal, sleeping during the day and active at night - normally most active at night - particularly afraid of humans - under the control of North Carolina Wildlife * Most wild animals carry cat fleas - come out at night and are afraid of people - eat grass - harbor a few fleas, and some species are typically infested * Most wild animals have behaviour - body length - bones - characteristics * Most wild animals inhabit areas - know enough to make sure that their underground burrows have an emergency exit * Most wild animals live in areas - high temperature - make very poor pets and are best observed in their native habitat - obtain food - play roles - solve the problem of winter survival in Anchorage by avoidance - stalk prey - transmit diseases * Some wild animals adapt, like Oklahoma farm animals that stay outdoors in winter. * Some wild animals are already extinct while many are on the brink - also susceptible - bite people - can be dangerous to people - die from starvation * Some wild animals eat cycads - leaves - snails - grow horns - harbor bacteria - have quills * Some wild animals infect animals - domestic animals - inflict serious injuries - invade territory - leave owners - lose fear - prey on armadillos - provide valuable products for the development of modern drugs * adapt and adjust to their own specific niche. * are WILD and unpredictable - also part of the farm ecosystem - always subject to injury by predators - an important and vital part of our natural ecosystem * are capable of fending for themselves - finding plenty of food on their own - dangerous and can carry disease - dangerous, especially when they feel threatened * are difficult to keep alive in captivity - raise in captivity, even if found at a very young age - either dangerous or harmless * are generally active at night and avoid contact with people - much more active - safest when they avoid close human contact - habitual creatures - happiest when they are wild and free - indicative of Tibetan abundant natural heritage - intelligent enough to recognize that people are the source of their handouts * are located in forests - meadows - zoos - most active around dawn and dusk - naturally fearful of humans - plentiful in the forests of Sweden * are the major source of rabies - puma and jaguar - unpredictable and dangerous at all times - usually capable of finding plenty of food on their own - very sensitive to odors, loud noises, and bright lights * ask little of humans beyond some undeveloped places where they can be left alone. - their natural habitat where their needs are met * can also attack pets. * can be a potential danger when camping - threat to California's fresh water supply - difficult to detect because of their instinctive behavior to avoid humans - fiercely protective of their young - bring the tick from heavily wooded environments into suburban backyards * can carry diseases that can be transmitted to humans and pets - rabies, distemper or other illnesses - cause many problems - have severe disease or be affected subclinically - never be happy confined to a small cage with no normal social interaction - no longer reach the water and they leave - scratch, bite, or transmit disease and parasites - spread diseases such as lyme disease, rabies, plague, and histoplasmosis - diseases and parasites * carry many diseases that can be very harmful to people - parasites and diseases that can be harmful to people * contribute extensively to the welfare of people and economies of developing countries. * deal with fire remarkably well. * depend on the shrinking forests for habitat. * die of disease, despite eating a raw, natural diet. - lots of moist, green leaves and roots which are very nutritious - the fallen leaves and fresh leaves are said to be good fodder for domestic animals - various kinds of food * feel pain even if they are a nuisance. * go to their den or cave to escape the hot sun and cold rain. * harbor parasites which can be lethal, especially to infants and young children. * have a much larger flight zone than most domestic animals that are used to humans - an instinctive knowledge of what is poisonous - no health insurance - options - requirements * have special care, and housing needs - dietary needs - specific requirements - their own inherent value, their own reasons for existing - to be the best at what they do to survive * hunt for food. * including skunks, bats, and racoons can also get rabies and give it to humans. - regions * invade crops to fulfill needs such as food and protective cover. * keep our world alive. * know how to get their own food. * learn what to be afraid of and what to tolerate by watching their parents. * live here, from lizards to black bear. * live in and visit places where they can find suitable habitat - off the meagre resources and have special mechanisms to conserve water * living apart from human interference are commercially non-productive. * means any animal found living in a natural or feral state in The Bahamas. * meet their needs in their natural environment. * need care * require specialized medical care and diets. * see no difference between themselves and their niche. * seem to face difficult challenges for survival. * stay playful for a very short time after birth. * tend to be more dangerous when injured by the mines. * use leaves, twigs and buds of the plant itself for food - sand to roll in to get rid of parasites * visit the river at night to feed.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abuse: Racism * Most racism exists because of a non-willingness for conformity - nowadays takes indirect forms * abounds and results in discrimination, dehumanization, and oppression. * affects everyone - the everyday reality of people of colour * also affects everyone - income distribution - limits a person's enjoyment of many areas of life - narrows people's worlds and limits people's freedom - targets males as likely victims of sexual abuse * amounts to intolerance based on skin color or racial background. * attacks the very sense of self for children of color. * begins with egoism. * biological fact of life. * blight on the human conscience. * can also be discrimination based on race - play a role - take place at different levels * can be brutally overt or invisibly institutional, or both - personal or institutional - change and greatly damage lives forever - start with stereotypes, ignorance, home and friend influences and other sources * cancer of the worst kind. * causes damage by isolating and hurting people and dividing communities - some people to be turned down in housing, education, and employment * clearly factor in what is happening to malls - plays a part in residential segregation * combination of racial prejudice and discrimination. * comes in all colors. * continues as a powerful force in the Australian community. * continues to cause painful division and marginalization - deform human relations across the face of our common globe - divide people * corrupts the mind, infects the heart, and poisons the spirit. * demon who invades the heart and mind and usually tries to hide. * denies the historical and ongoing contributions of people of colour. * destructive and persistent evil that brings only harm. * disease of the intellect. * divides and weakens working-class struggles. * doctrine of the congenital inferiority and worthlessness of a people - of, by and for brutes * does exist in our country - indeed exist in today's society * exacerbates hate and discontent within society and work environment. * exists against all members of our society - and constitutes a controversial social and political issue in contemporary society - as elements in any society - both in the North and in the South, but differently - even though people of color are always visible * exists in all aspects of society today - societies around the world in one form or another - everybody, in every color - only in rural areas * feeds by swallowing others and therefore paves the way for aggression - on depersonalizing others * form of prejudice - pride - scapegoating * fosters oppression - the vomiting of inward arrogance to be spewed as outward supremacy * gets lots of play in the media, as does sexism. * global disease, infecting human hearts in every country of the world - phenomenon that occurs world-wide * goes beyond mere prejudice. * grand refusal to see individuals as individuals, each responsible for their own actions. * greater problem among minorities than it is between minorities and whites. * happens because of a lack of understanding - in many different ways * has a depth and intensity which afflicts the mental and spiritual - history, coming into being with the rise of capitalist nations - lot to do with absence - many disguises * has nothing to do with color, but everything to do with attitude - football either * has to be one of the most destructive devices known to humanity - do with both the question of defining the other as well as the self * hatred or intolerance of another race. * huge problem in our country. * human trait. * hurts white people, and sexism hurts men - workers as well as minorities * implies a hatred and intolerance of different people - that race matters * includes both personal and institutional racism. * informs our images and treatment of women. * involves power domination by one group over the other. * is about people from dominant groups exerting their power unjustly over others - power and the abuse of poser, exploitation, and oppression - systems, institutions, people in power maintaining that power - weak people feeling weak, and blaming someone else - abundant in the world today - alive and well in the way police treat minorities * is also a sin in Honduras - term that needs to be defined - still alive and well as witnessed by the current rise in violent hate crimes - among the worst of ingrained prejudices that characterize sinful human beings * is an abuse - additional factor faced by women of color - attitude or activity motivated by beliefs that value one race over another - early-stage cancer - enemy of peace - illness that afflicts many societies - illogical learned emotional response to people who are different - important and controversial subject - institutionalised phenomenon in South Africa - integral element in the American death penalty - ism to which everyone in the world today is exposed - issue that the church needs to stamp out - undeniable part of American life - unfortunate part of American culture - universal problem * is at the center of the discriminatory conditions within the business - root of the wars that destroy Indian villages and way of life * is based on economics - fiction - history, genetics, economics and sex - prejudice toward so-called racial groups * is based on the belief in one's own ethnic superiority over that of another - singular idea that some people are inferior to others - bias - blatant, with women of color getting fewer and less desirable shifts - born of ignorance - both the original sin and the fatal flaw of the republic - clearly apparent in police brutality and court prejudices - color prejudice and the misuse of institutional power - constructed by humans - created and reproduced out of a complex set of circumstances - criticised even by churches though in the past they collaborated with the regime - different from racial prejudice, hatred, or discrimination - difficult to understand and often traumatic - endemic to white so like that of the unemployed in the fifties - everyone's problem - everywhere even on a campus that dictates multiculturalism and diversity - felt through out the world, everyday - founded on the belief in one s racial superiority over another - given expression through prejudice and discrimination - hatred, the opposite of love * is ignorance and fear that come together and form hatred - manifested through fear, while greed is ignorance manifested through want - ignorance, no matter what culture it is directed towards - in Rwanda, Bosnia and the Middle East * is in fact a kind of social misconception all over the world - the purest expression of patriotism - ingrained in our institutions and consciousness - inherent in sinful man - injustice of the highest order - interwoven into the fabric of American culture - just like warfare in which there is no shelter and nobody is neutral - located in souths - man's ego exalting itself - meaningless against an organized people - mental and physical lynching with rules, words, money, culture, law, and clubs - more a societal problem than a library or library association problem * is more than a couple of mean or nasty white people acting out - just intolerance - personal prejudice - motivated by greed and perpetuated by power and ignorance - offensive and it breeds hate * is one form of discrimination - of many diversity issues to be addressed * is one of the big issues in the world today - largest social problems - most difficult problems facing our society - worst things in the world - sort of anti-conceptualism - specific form of prejudice, focusing on physical variations between people - ousted by friends in other races * is part of American history - the context of tribal-state relations - perhaps the most extreme expression of a whole gamut of behaviours - perpetuated by class structure - persistent, often subtle and is deeply embedded in all levels of our society - personal, institutional, cultural and internal - pervasive throughout the existing world-system - politics parading in a guise of nature and natural law - power and prejudice, so blacks by definition can t be racist - prejudice merely from skin color - primarily a system of social power - pure ignorance and evil * is racism is racism - no matter how it's packaged * is racism, no matter what color perpetrates it - who embraces it - whomever it favours - real and decisions are made every day to keep people separated - rooted in ignorance - simply endemic in capitalism - so linked to queer oppression * is something that's systematic, it's ingrained in our culture - which belongs to the soul and the mind of each and every human being * is still a favorite argument for genocide - significant factor in educational mobility for students of color * is still alive and well, operating in every segment of American society - today because hatred basic human emotion - predominant in African countries - rampant in our society - the number one divider of people - very visible today in a lot of areas of our lives - supposedly an act of power and oppression - systemic in our society and shapes the way society is structured - that bondage in which whites are free to beat, rape, or kill blacks * is the attitude of belief that human abilities are determined by race - basis for slavery and colonization - belief that certain races are better than other races * is the belief that one race is innately superior to all other races - or group of people are inherently superior to another - big social problem in the United States - combination of prejudice and the misuse of power - conviction that human beings can be cleaved, or separated into races - elevation of membership in a racial group over individual merit - idea that one's character is determined by race - ideology developed to justify the slavery of people of African descent in our country - initial violence - intentional or unintentioanl use of power to isolate, separate and exploit others * is the most challenging issue confronting the world today - debilitating factor in urban life - notion that one's race determines one's identity - oppression of one people by another - power to perpetuate and intensify prejudice and exclusivism through institutions - result of ignorance and fear of the unknown - stereotyping and collectivizing of people of a race - stupidest thing in the world - systemic enforcement of radical prejudice - taboo through which it is being done - worst form of hatred * is therefore as much an examination of oneself as of society - only one of many symptoms of a deeper malaise - thus only implicit in behavior - total estrangement - ugly, fueled by hatred, exclusivism and superiority - unacceptable behavior - unfair to black people * is used as a weapon against all youth and working people - by the elite upper class to help sustain themselves - to try to keep down wages - today to divide black and white people and to dominate both - usually a misunderstanding between cultures - very much alive in the world - well and alive in United States - widespread in the world and has caused many problems * largely misunderstood term. * learned behavior, which is usually taught at home - trait that can be avoided through education and desegregated socialization * lives on as a sign of the sin which controls many decisions, personal and corporate. * lives, in all colors. * major health determinant - issue in the legal system * major problem in and for America's cities and towns - many materially advanced countries * makes people so blind that their normal consciences and sensitivities no longer function. * modern fact, a product of evolutionary thinking. * moral issue. * often starts in the mind of young children. * operates similarly in individuals. * part of the human condition. * particular form of domination, exploitation and exclusion. * people problem. * pernicious and persistent evil. * persists, particularly in the field of athletics, in an insidious and multifaceted fashion. * pits one group against another, causing bitterness and hatred. * plays a huge role in determining who dies - who goes to prison * poison that can succeed in dividing workers. * power relationship. * prejudice based on the outward appearance of an individual. * prevents people of colour from achieving equality of opportunity and outcome. * primary factor in the continuing failure by governments to call an inquiry. * problem everywhere - in churches and society * problem that has existed as long as our country, and there is no quick fix - perplexed the human race since it began * product of capitalism - social conflict * product of the bosses' attempt at divide and rule - interrelations between blacks and whites mainly * promotes nationalism on the basis of ethnic identity. * props up capitalism. * protects the rights of all human societies. * quiet fire fueled by the fumes of ignorance and fear. * remains a major problem throughout the United States. * results in distortions of vision. * river still running strong and deep through our society and our consciousness. * salient form of passion. * separates, confuses, invalidates, and immobilizes everyone. * serious problem in the United States. * sick ill that does nothing but hold people back. * sin that permeates society and the church. * sin, a theological heresy. * sneaky evil, and it usually appears in a more subtle form. * social and spiritual disease - disease that is manifested through our educational system * spiritual issue. * stems from Britain's legacy as an imperial power and a slave-trade economy. * still exists in Little Rock, in the country, and in the world - exists, but the African-American civil rights movement changed the world forever - flourishes in society * system in which special advantages are set aside for certain racial groups. * system of advantage based on race - domination that is economic and political as well as personal - group dominance * systemic evil, and so are sexism and world hunger - issue with individual, institutional and cultural manifestations * takes many forms. * terrible evil in our society because it shows a hatred of a group of people. * then signifies the merger of race and culture. * tool of big business and of the unelected elites who run our society. * undergirds our history and our traditions. * violates creation by treating people as less than human. * word on almost everyone's mind and tongue. * works in all directions.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### abuse \| racism: Antisemitism * comes in various forms. * generic term which signifies a singular attitude to a particular group of people. * has a long and unpleasant history in many Arab countries. * is exactly the same as delousing - frightening to the world, for the world, and for all peoples - the oldest form of racism * natural reaction. Environmental racism * has a long, disturbing history in the United States. * is an idea that's been kicking around greenie circles for a while - the residual waste of social racism * refers to racial discrimination in environmental policy and planning. White racism * causes black teen pregnancies - blacks to do poorly academically - the staggering homicide rate among young black men * has a negative impact on many people of color. * leads blacks to abuse drugs. * leads to blacks having a disproportionate amount of earwax than other ethnic groups - mass murder<\|endoftext\|>### abysmal regression: Subversion * are guilty of writing, referring to and defending articles abusive to anarchists. * carries the death penalty in Indonesia. * crime in China. * is an abysmal regression. * works against structures of power, authority, exploitation, servitude, and hierarchy. * ' means trying to break the established order of a society. Subversion works against structures of power, authority, exploitation, servitude, and hierarchy. A 'subversive' is something or someone that has some possibility of turning against an organization or system. + Apache Subversion: Internet :: Free software * Subversion allows other developers to view the code easily. + Subversion, Laws, China: Society * Subversion is a crime in China. These laws describe behavior that can be a threat to national security. China has prosecuted many dissidents using these laws. Articles 105 and 111 are used the most often to silence political dissent. Article 105 makes it a crime to organize, make a secret plan, work against the national order, or tell rumors to make people fight the national order or overthrow the socialist system. Article 111 prohibits stealing, secretly collecting, purchasing, or illegally providing state secrets or intelligence to an organization, institution, or personnel outside the country.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### academic discipline: Accounting * are explanations - registers - systems * back-office function for many organizations. * block-building process. * broad field - term * changing field with much of the detail work handled by computers - profession that demands concern for both theory and practice * common thread throughout all of agriculture. * communicates economic information by using periodic financial statements. * continues to be one of the leading professions world wide. * course that continues to build on the knowledge gained. * demanding field, one in which change is rapid and the pressure is constant. * discipline in which concepts build on one another - that can open doors to many opportunities * dynamic discipline and a critical area of business - field that provides many different job opportunities within the profession * dynamic, challenging profession. * field that has grown in influence. * focuses on developing the ability to analyze and solve fiscal problems. * includes the whole range of business information management. * involves analysis and professional judgment. * is an academic discipline - ever-evolving field with constantly changing objectives - important tool of business * is an information system and is often called the language of business - integral part of the management of business and public organizations - based on the concept of a financial transaction - built into most modern operating systems - essential to both business and government - examined as a tool for organizing business information * is for students who wish to learn the basic principle of double entry accounting - tracking resource consumption - fundamental to a civilized society - how they figure out whether they succeeded - ingrained in our society and vital to our economic system - introduced as a form of communication - of major importance to corporations in today's business environment - one area where corporate funds can be better utilized in more strategic areas * is one of the fastest growing and most lucrative majors - occupations in the country - professions in America - leading growth professions today on both a national and a worldwide basis - more respected professions * is one of the most important components of a sound business decision-making process - rapidly expanding fields in today's economy - respected professions in the United States - primary functional areas of administration - traditional professions - oriented to both preparers of financial information and users of that information - part of measuring, communicating, and interpreting financial activity - recognized as one of the world's leading professions - responsible for posting payments and billing schools - something called the language of business - studied both as a method of communication and as a decision-making tool - subdivided into financial accounting and managerial accounting * is the action of collecting data related to resource usage - analysis of the accounts - information system that provides reliable and timely data for financial decisions - international language of business - language and scorecard of business * is the language of business and as such communication process - decision making - commerce - economic measurement - resouce measurement and management - spoken in every business field - one degree that opens doors in organizations coast to coast and around the world - process of measuring the resources a user has consumed - story of a business told in the language of numbers - study of how businesses track their income and assets over time - tracking of which services are used, by whom, when, and for how long - universal language of organizations regardless of the size or location - used in every type of organization existing today - vital in the conduct of business in modern society * leading growth profession throughout the world. * monopolistically competitive industry. * multi-disciplinary profession. * precise, logical and communicative skill. * process of measurement and communication that is required by all economic entities. * profession in which experience is very valuable - great emphasis is placed on individual integrity - steeped in tradition and continues to be the cornerstone of business - that is as prestigious as becoming a doctor or lawyer * provides the measures of economic activity for our society and for our individual lives - skills needed for keeping business records * refers to tracking changes to the contract. * requires attention to detail and the ability to work with numbers and financial concepts. * set of procedures that provides such information. * subject learned by doing - that requires practice * teaches the way companies or people track their revenue and their spending. * technical subject. * true international language, reaching across industries, countries, and time. * usually focuses on costs, and IT generally translates to technology. * vital tool used to measure and manage the performance of a business. * wide open profession for women today.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### academic discipline \| accounting: Bookkeeping * is always one place where people try to save money by doing it themselves - an accounting - essentially the starting point of the accounting process - merely recording expenses and income - one of the most time consuming aspects of running a business - only a part of accounting, the record-marking part * is the preliminary record-keeping state of accounting - process in which all financial information is gathered and recorded - recording, posting, and proving of the financial data Cost accounting * case in point. * central element of managerial accounting. * different way of looking at information. * is an accounting - analyzed as a tool of management - studied as a segment of accounting controls * subset of both financial and management accounting. * vital part to industrial and manufacturing engineering. + Management accounting, Specific concepts, Cost accounting: Management :: Accounting Current account * are accounting - bank accounts - current deposits in banking institutions excluding payable drafts - part of balance of payment. * has less than fifty edits, and has a habit of retiring and quickly returning Financial accounting * Financial Accounting Teaches the basic structure of the accounting system. * formalized system designed to record the financial history of the firm. * is concerned with external reporting of accounting data - the preparation of financial statements - the art of communicating financial information to interested users * measures the cost of the equipment.<\|endoftext\|>### academic discipline \| accounting: Management accounting * includes preparation of budget and cost data for managerial reporting. * is an applied discipline used in various industries - very different from financial accounting + Management accounting, Specific concepts, Transfer pricing: Management :: Accounting * Management accounting is an applied discipline used in various industries. The specific functions and principles followed can vary based on the industry. Management accounting principles in banking are specialized but do have some common fundamental concepts used whether the industry is manufacturing based or service oriented. For example, transfer pricing is a concept used in manufacturing but is also applied in banking. It is a fundamental principle used in assigning value and revenue attribution to the various business units. Essentially, transfer pricing in banking is the method of assigning the interest rate risk of the bank to the various funding sources and uses of the enterprise. Managerial accounting * focuses on using accounting information in order to make business decisions. * is utilized as a tool to understand the financial health of the organization. * provides financial information is used to make business decisions - the essential data with which organizations are actually run Public accounting * enhances the economic accountability of business enterprises. * is only one branch of accounting. Tax accounting * is based on the concept of the tax year. * type of accounting that makes sure tax laws are followed. + Accountancy, Types of accounting: Accounting Algebra * are geometric facts which are proved. * is academic discipline - science ### academic discipline \| algebra: Cognitive algebra * facilitates the identification of antecedent and consequent operational abilities. * is more akin to a theory of competence than a theory of performance. Computer algebra * are able to perform symbolic operations as well as numerical ones. * is used to achieve optimal formulations. Differential algebra * generalization of classical commutative algebra. * is the study of such fields, suitably axiomatized.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### academic discipline \| algebra: Linear algebra * has many applications - in engineering, science, and social science. * is about vector spaces, matrices, and linear transformations - an important component of undergraduate mathematics - both theoretical and applied mathematics - essential to the theory of differential equations - part of algebra * is the basis for analyzing situations in which there is more than one unknown - math of shaped collections of numbers - study of vectors, matrices and linear transformations * provides a basis for wide areas of mathematics. * provides the methods necessary to analyze unwieldy systems - tools for organizing mathematics in higher dimensions * runs into difficulties for spaces with infinite dimension. * shows up in many other engineering disciplines. * studies the theory of abstract vector spaces and linear transformations. * talks about functions , which are often called transformations. * tool in almost every area of advanced mathematics. * uses a system of notation for describing system behavior, called a matrix * wide field with many applications. + Determinant * Linear algebra uses matrices. In that context, a 'determinant' is a mathematical function that allows to associate certain matrices with a scalar. Only square matrices have determinants. That is to say that the matrix needs to have the same number of columns as it has rows. * Linear algebra uses a system of notation for describing system behavior, called a matrix. For the previous example, the coefficients of the equations can be stored in a coefficient matrix. + Eigenvalues and eigenvectors: Basic physics ideas :: Linear algebra * Linear algebra talks about functions, which are often called transformations. The vector may change its length, or become null. The value of the change in length of the vector is known as 'eigenvalue'. Process algebra * is used to model concurrent systems, of which music good example. * new part of computer science. Vector algebra * is algebra. * is used extensively in equilibrium analysis of structures and machines - in the analysis - to treat problems in two and three dimensions	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### academic irregularity: Plagiarism * also consists of passing off as one s own segments or the total of another person s work - undocumented use of another's ideas - constitutes cheating * also includes misquoting or misrepresenting the work of another - the use of other persons' unpublished work * amounts to intellectual theft stealing the ideas or work of others. * applies to e-mail messages as much as other documents - just as other documents * are writing. * breech of professional ethics and is theft of intellectual property. * can also mean using someone else's ideas without acknowledging that person as the source - occur in oral presentations * can be hard work - intentional, can be due to carelessness, or can be the result of ignorance - occur when a student is ignorant of correct citational procedures - take several forms * comes from a Latin word meaning kidnapping and ranges from paraphrasing to theft. * comes in a lot of forms - two forms * consists of presenting the words or ideas of another without proper acknowledgment - the unacknowledged use of the words or ideas of another person * constitutes academic misconduct according to university policy - the use of another person's work without proper acknowledgment of that work - unethical scientific behavior and is never acceptable * direct violation of intellectual and academic honesty. * encompasses a range of errors and violations - many things, and is by far the most common manifestation of academic fraud * fact of academic life. * fancy word for stealing and fraud. * form of academic dishonesty and results in the same penalty - fraud and is treated very seriously * form of cheating and has the same consequences * form of cheating that involves presenting as one s own the ideas or work of another - as one's own the ideas or work of another - as one's work the ideas or work of others * form of intellectual dishonesty - property violation - theft and is wrong * implies copying work produced by someone else. * includes copying sentences directly from another source - failing to give a citation for using work from another person or source - more than directly copying another person's paper - paraphrasing the thoughts of another writer without acknowledgement - portraying words or ideas as one's own * includes the 'borrowing' of ideas from others without appropriate citation - use of another person's work without attribution - using computer programs and procedures written by others * involves fraud and misrepresentation - presenting the ideas or work of another person as being one's own - stealing from the other writer and lying to the reader * involves the failure to cite outside sources from which words and ideas are taken - presentation of another person's words, ideas, or work, as one's own - use of the ideas or writings of another without acknowledgment of that use - using the work of another person and presenting it as one's own * is academic dishonesty and can mean failure in a course and suspension from college - fraud and penalties are severe - against the rules of academic institutions and is dishonest - alive and well on campuses and in cyberspace * is also a form of academic misconduct and is unacceptable - always a concern when people write research papers * is an academic irregularity - offense for which there are serious consequences * is an act of academic dishonesty - unadulterated, sociopathic evil - to pass off as one's own the ideas, writings, etc. of another - act, that violates Section IV-A of the University Code - affront to the educational and ethical standards of intellectual work - attempt to obtain undeserved academic advantage * is an offense for which grades are lowered - punishable by law - under the Honor Code - anathema - any case where one person tries to take credit for the work of another - applicable to written, oral and artistic work - as reproduction and presentation of the work of others without acknowledgement - attempting to pass off as one's own work the ideas or words of another - bad, immoral, evil, and anti-democratic * is considered a form of cheating - serious academic and legal offense in our culture * is considered academic dishonesty and is subject to disciplinary action - as any use of another's work without proper references * is considered to be a serious offense or academic theft - defined in terms of proscribed acts - discussed in relation to note-taking and to writing - dishonest because it misrepresents the words and ideas of another as one's own * is dishonest, a form of academic misconduct - foolish, and dangerous - unethical and at times illegal - either an act of ignorance or an act of desperation - equivalent to intellectual robbery - essentially theft - the stealing of someone else's intellectual property - failing to cite the source of an idea or piece of information * is illegal and discourteous in the extreme - very disrespectful of someone's hard work - in fashion * is intellectual theft and lying - violates the student honor code - theft, and is the cardinal sin of the academic world - involved when one uses, without acknowledgment, the ideas of others - literally an artistic theft and misrepresentation and is illegal - literary burglary - misrepresenting another s ideas, phrases or discourse as one s own * is misrepresenting another's ideas, phrases or discourse as one's own - phrases, discourse, or works as one's own - motivated out of self-interest - offering another s work as one s own without appropriate acknowledgment - often a failure to use appropriate citation techniques * is one form of academic dishonesty * is one of the most frequently reported types of academic cheating - seriousinfractions a professional or student can commit * is one of the worst academic sins - mistakes anyone can make - perhaps the most common and misunderstood form of academic dishonesty * is plagiarism, no matter what the type of book - whether it occurs electronically or manually * is presenting another person's words, work or opinions as one's own - work or ideas as one's own * is presenting as one s own the writing or work of others - one's own the writing or work of others * is presenting the work of someone else as one s own - else as one's own * is punishable by decapitation, mutilation or dismissal, at the whim of the professor - failure, expulsion, or loss of employment - regarded as a form of theft and is therefore a serious offence - something to do with attitude - sometimes the act of carelessness or ignorance - stealing another person's work and passing it off as one's own - still plagiarism, whether it be on the Web or on paper - taking work, writing, etc., from another and passing it off as one's own * is the academic and literary equivalent of robbery, taking someone else's property - equivalent of theft * is the act of literary theft, the stealing of someone's ideas or work - passing off as one's own the ideas or writings of another * is the act of presenting the ideas or words of another as one's own - ideas or works of another as one's own - submitting another person's ideas as one's own - taking and using another's work as one's own - using the words and ideas of others without giving proper credit - appropriating and subsequent passing off of another person's work as one's own * is the appropriation of another's work to claim it as one's own - without attribution of another person s thoughts or words * is the borrowing of another's words and ideas without proper acknowledgment - or the theft of another person's writing - cardinal sin of academic life * is the copying of another s words without proper citation - deliberate and unacknowledged theft of another person's intellectual property - dishonest use of the work of others - enemy of all writing - equivalent to intellectual theft - failure to acknowledge any linguistic or ideational indebtedness * is the failure to give credit for the material from other sources - for the use of material from outside sources - flip side of forgery and a form of stealing and a form of misrepresentation - gravest of all academic crimes - highest crime that a scholar can commit because it denies legitimate ownership * is the improper borrowing of another person's words, ideas, or methods - use of another's ideas, statements, work, etc - inclusion of someone else's words, ideas, or data as one's own work - intellectual equivalent of forgery, and it is never permissible * is the intentional OR unintentional theft of words or ideas - representation of words, ideas, or work of another as one's own * is the intentional use of another's words or argument without proper credit - someone else's words or ideas without proper acknowledgment - misrepresentation of another person's writing as one's own - most common form of academic dishonesty - offering of the words or ideas of another as one's own * is the offering of the work of someone else as one s own - of someone else as one's own - work of another as one s own - order of the cyberwaves with no protection such as intellectual property rights - practice of submitting work or ideas other than one's own as being one's own - practices of passing off the words and work of others as the work of oneself - presentation of another person's ideas or product as one's own * is the presentation of another s work as one s own and form of academic misconduct * is the presentation of someone else's product, words, ideas, or data as one's own work * is the presentation of the ideas of others as one s own - or the writing of someone else as one's own * is the representation of another person's words and ideas as one's own - work or ideas without proper referencing - someone else's words, ideas or data as ones own work - the ideas or words of another person as one's own - single most serious offense against academic and intellectual integrity * is the stealing or passing off as one's own the words or ideas of another - of the ideas of another as one's own - submission of the ideas or words of others as one s own, and is cause for failure - term applied to the unacknowledged borrowing of words or ideas of other authors * is the theft of another s words or ideas - ideas without citing the source, and is taken very seriously - someone else's ideas and work - ultimate sin in the academic world * is the unacknowledged appropriation of another s work, words, or ideas - borrowing of another writer's words or ideas - reproduction of another's words, ideas or work * is the unacknowledged use of another person s ideas, words or work - person s labor, ideas, words, or assistance - writer s words or ideas * is the unacknowledged use of another's words, ideas or research - words, ideas, or information - secondary sources - used of somebody else's words or ideas - unattributed use of someone else's ideas or writings * is the undocumented use of another person's ideas or words - another's ideas or words - someone else's ideas or words * is the use of another person's ideas or thoughts without referencing - ideas or writing without proper attribution - s words or ideas without acknowledgment of their source - another's ideas or words as one's own without giving the author due credit * is the use of another's words or ideas without acknowledgment - without crediting that person - other people's works without proper citation - some one else's work, ideas, quotes, etc. without due credit - someone else s words or ideas without proper credit * is the use of someone else's ideas or work without appropriate acknowledgment or credit - the words of others without attribution - words or ideas from another's work without giving proper credit - use, without attribution, of someone else's thoughts or words - verbatim use of four or more words from an unreferenced source * is theft and is to be avoided at all costs - results in the immediate failure of the paper or worse * is theft of another individual's words or ideas - person's writings or ideas - others' ideas without acknowledging the source and is totally forbidden - the real author's work and provides an unfair advantage to the plagiarist * is theft, piracy, and is generally a criminal activity - plain and simple * is to steal or pass off one s words as their own - take and use ideas, passages, etc - treated as a form of cheating - unacceptable academic behavior - undocumented use of material from texts and other sources - using the work of others without giving it appropriate credit - what the word is about * is, essentially, cheating - some say, the sincerest form of flattery * means presenting as one's own, the words or the work of someone else - work, ideas, or words of someone else - presenting, as one's own, the words, the work, or the opinions of someone else - taking credit for someone else's words or ideas * means to steal and pass off the work of another as one's own - steal, purchase, or pass off the ideas or works of another as one's own * means using another student's work or published work without credit - another's work without giving credit - the words or ideas of another person without attribution * moral offense, rather than a legal one - term, while infringement legal term * more common form of academic misconduct. * occurs when a student uses of purchases ghost-written papers. * occurs when a writer presents the writing and thinking of others as personal expression - uses someone else's words or ideas without proper acknowledgement - material is taken from a source without proper citation - people pass off other people's ideas as their own - students fail to acknowledge that ideas have been borrowed * occurs whenever another's words or ideas are used without attribution - work is submitted as one's own * rampant problem on college and university campuses today. * refers to borrowing the work, ideas, or knowledge of others for personal gain - taking credit for the work of others - the use of another person's work without giving proper credit to that person * serious academic crime - offence and the consequences are severe - offence, the penalty for which is usually failure in the course - breach of academic ethics - concern for scientists and graduate students - crime, even if unintentional - disciplinary offence * serious form of academic fraud - intellectual crime * serious offence in journalism courses and in the profession in general - which can be avoided by always citing sources - offense and constitutes stealing the ideas of other people * serious offense and is met with severe penalties - tantamount to theft * serious offense in The Netherlands - an academic environment - the professional and academic world - representing intellectual theft - resulting in a failing grade on that paper * serious offense that can result in a failing grade in the course - expulsion from the graduate program - offense, punishable by suspension or dismissal - unprofessional practice * serious violation of academic honesty and carries serious penalties * takes many forms * type of cheating and can result in very serious penalties at U.S. universities - replication * very serious academic offense that can result in academic probation or expulsion - carries heavy penalties - act of misconduct - offense which can result in severe penalties - offense, punishable by expulsion - both the student code of conduct and professional ethics - ethical practices - intellectual honesty * violation of the Academic Honor Code - university rules * worse problem for images of works of art than for text.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### academic irregularity \| plagiarism: Intentional plagiarism * involves deliberate copying or use of another s words or ideas. * is academically dishonest and unethical - deliberate copying or use of another's work without credit * serious form of cheating. ### academic journals: Clinical chemistry * employs complex testing procedures for blood and other body fluids. * is academic journals. * uses chemical processes to measure levels of chemical components in the blood. Inorganic chemistry * is academic journals - also the study of atomic and molecular structure and bonding - centers on the remaining elements - concerned with all other substances * is the chemistry of elements other than carbon - the whole periodic table - study of the elements and all non-carbon compounds - systematic study of all the other chemical elements * overlaps the other subdisciplines of chemistry.<\|endoftext\|>### accepted anesthesia technique: Regional anesthesia * can decrease the crying that occurs after circumcision - dull the sensations in a wider area, such as the lower half of the body * involves numbing a large area, such as the entire hand or leg. * is an accepted anesthesia technique - anaesthesia - considered safer than general anesthesia - really the way to go in orthopedic surgery * is used most commonly today - to numb part of the body - useful when surgery is limited * numbs a broader area, like the epidurals used in childbirth. * produces a loss of sensation to a specific region of the body. * takes slightly longer to perform than general anesthesia. ### access: Back door * are access - bands - doors * is access ### accessories \| fastener: Dowel * are fasteners - wands * help with fire-starting. * provide strength and easier alignment and can be made of wood, metal or plastic. * serve as perches. Grommet * can pull away from the cloth in which they are placed. * loosen with age.<\|endoftext\|>### accessories \| fastener: Lock * Most locks serve only to keep honest people honest and to discourage criminals. * allow boats and barges to travel past barriers such as rapids and dams. * are a means of passing vessels through the dams - an essential feature of any canal which needs to gain or lose height - built in places where the level of the water in the river or canal suddenly changes * are capable of locks - opens - created by locksmiths - enclosures - hair - how people have have protected their property * are located in cabinets - car doors - doorknobs - entrances - front doors - gates - jails - locker rooms - lockers - made of metal - mechanical devices - mechanisms - only one aspect in the management of the risk of theft * are part of canals - drawers - firearms - lids - restraint - security devices * are the mechanism that prevent more than one user at a time making changes to the database - responsibility of individuals * are used for closes - privacies - protection * refuse to stay locked and doors open and close without wind or human intervention. + Lock (water transport): Canals :: Rivers :: Gates * A 'lock' is a place where boats that are travelling up or down a river or canal can be raised higher or lower. Locks are built in places where the level of the water in the river or canal suddenly changes. This may be because there is a waterfall there, or because a dam or a weir has been built, or because there is some other thing in the way. The lock is like a big chamber with gates at each end. They have lock gears which empty or fill the chamber with water. ### accessories \| fastener \| lock: Dreadlock * are a part of history - symbol of their dedication and devotion to Rastafari - more than a hair style, they become a part of life * are the natural state of hair - result of the natural locking, or matting, of coarse African hair	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### accessories \| fastener \| lock: Electronic lock * Most electronic locks allow the user to set the combination. + Combination lock, Electronic keypad lock: Locks * When the number is entered, a motor opens the lock. This type of lock is popular on safes and doors, but is almost never seen on padlocks. These locks require batteries or another source of electricity. There is sometimes a key backup in case the batteries die or the electronics fail. Most safe locks do not have a key backup, as a key backup can be picked. Most electronic locks allow the user to set the combination. Gimbal lock * is the phenomenon of two rotational axis of an object pointing in the same direction. * occurs when the first and third axis of a joint line up. Gun lock * are optional in a country where every two hours, a gun kills a child. * can give a false sense of security - provide a false sense of security * diminish the defensive value of guns. Padlock * are locks - probably the most common type of lock * deal with a combination disks and uses the combination lock design. + Lock, Types of lock: * Padlocks are probably the most common type of lock. They are opened either with a key or a combination. The best way to break them is to snap the hoop with a long-handled bolt cutter. ### accessories \| fastener \| lock \| padlock: Wedlock * is another term for marriage - marital status - the state of being married * means to be married. * pill, bitter to swallow, and hard for digestion. Time lock * are used in banks. + Lock, Types of lock mechanisms: * Time locks are used in banks. They prevent anyone opening the vault until a preset time. This defeats burglary attempts when the bank is closed. Trigger lock * are a way to find common ground - the crime-policy opiate of the elite * can prevent gun deaths of our young children. Vapor lock * common problem in hot weather. * is caused when the gasoline boils in the fuel line.<\|endoftext\|>### accessories \| fastener: Loop * Some loops pack together to form a hydrophilic umbrella structure over the channel opening. * are a way of doing the same set of instructions over and over again - clique - fingerprints - intrauterine devices - programs - regions of non-repetitive conformation connecting regular secondary structures - self-closing when the cursor reaches proximity of the origin - sensitive to magnetic fields if they have a low impedance and a large area - transcription units * can also inhibit release of insulin. * have irregular lengths and shapes and are on the surface of the protein. * interact with the surrounding aqueous environment and other proteins. * normally have roughly a similar conformation in similar structures. ### accessories \| fastener \| loop: Radial loop * are just the opposite of ulnar loops it opens in the direction of the thumb. * have their ridges entering or leaving on the radial side of the hand. * start on the thumb-side of the finger, the side closer to the radius.<\|endoftext\|>### accessories \| fastener: Price fixing * are control. * goes on every day in our free market economy. * is among the most serious offences under many antitrust laws - colusion with another retailer to set a minimum price in an area - forbidden if businesses engage in explicit agreements to do so * is illegal at any level of an organization - under both federal and state antitrust laws - illegal, whether at the wholesale or retail sales level or even among buyers - price fixing * major problem in corporate agriculture. * way to pick consumers' pockets.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### accidents \| car wreck: Accidental injury * Accidental injuries account for mortality and morbidity several times the national average. * Accidental injuries are frequent in modern society - the fifth leading cause of death in the United States - do occur from time to time, such as during sport, dance or exercise - tend to be single wound, occurring on any part of the body * includes wounds and bruises from falling and colliding with objects. * is an accident - the leading killer of children, and a major killer of adults - when no one means to hurt someone else + Injury: Health problems * Injury can be 'accidental' or 'intentional'. Intentional injury is when someone 'tries' to hurt another person. Accidental injury is when no one means to hurt someone else. An example of accidental injury is a car wreck. Unintentional tort * are accidents. + Tort, Kinds of torts, Unintentional torts: Legal terms * Unintentional torts are accidents. They usually happen because someone was not being careful. When someone is not careful, it is called negligence. An example of negligence is driving a car while not paying attention to the road. ### accommodation: Economy class * is accommodation + Virgin Atlantic Airways, Inside the Aeroplanes, Economy: Airlines of the United Kingdom :: Virgin Group * Economy class is the standard class on Virgin Atlantic aircraft. It is the cheapest part of the aeroplane to travel in. Passengers usually get a free meal, some drinks and a bag with gifts in like a toothbrush. The seats in this class have a maximum pitch of 31 in, but this depends on what aeroplane you go in. ### accompaniments: Vamp * Some vamps know of their energy needs early in life and some later. * are accompaniments - long and toes rounded - part of uppers<\|endoftext\|>Accordion * Most accordions have more reeds than a piano has strings, and have several thousand moving parts - the reed valves vertical when the accordion is vertical * also have tremolo tuning, and the sound is similar. * are accordions - instruments * are located in bands - music stores - musical instruments * are used for fun - polka music * commonly have rectangular valve plate assemblies. * have keyboards. * includes action mechanisms - finger holes - piano keyboards - sections * is wind * series of grooves regularly increasing and decreasing in width across the sheet. * squeeze and expand.<\|endoftext\|>Account * Some accounts say that during their migration the sky darkened at mid-day. * They can create an account, and log into that account for reading articles. Accounts have a number of preference settings. These allow to hide all images, or some of them. * are a way of identifying users to a computer system - financial arrangements - how individuals or businesses access the Internet themselves - importance - norms - profit - relationships - statements * have dollars. * is an interest-bearing checking account. * six character code that describes the basic accounting classifications. * unit to record and summarize accounting transactions. + Chess, Competition rules, Touch and move law * There are a few famous cases where players appeared to break this rule without being punished. The most famous example was by the then World Champion Garry Kasparov against Judit Polgar in a top-class tournament. Seeing that 37.Bb7-c6 would be bad for Black, Mr. Kasparov instead put the knight on f8. However, the way Miss Polgar saw it, Mr. Kasparov's hand 'did' leave the piece on c5. Accounts diverge from there.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### account: Bank account * are a familiar form of joint accounts * are financial accounts - assets - like toothpaste * can also have a domestic bank account identifier. * depend on credit creation and government guarantees. * is an account + International Bank Account Number, Administration: Finance :: ISO standards * Bank accounts can also have a domestic bank account identifier. The domestic bank account identifier in the United Kingdom is the sort code and bank account number. From February 2014 all banks within the European Union must use an IBAN instead of a domestic bank account identifier for transactions that use the euro.<\|endoftext\|>### account: Historical account * indicate cannibalism was widespread at Jamestown during the winter. * reveal that social capital facilitated involvement in the collective action. * tell of the existence of nerds during the Greek and Roman empires. * tend to merge with myths and legends. + Starving Time: Virginia :: Cannibalism :: History of the United States * Only 10 percent of Jane's remains have been recovered by researchers. Historical accounts indicate cannibalism was widespread at Jamestown during the winter. Modern historians were reluctant to credit these accounts without other evidence. Variable account * are professionally managed portfolios much like mutual funds. * offer the risks and rewards of investing in the stock market.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### accountants figure: Economic growth * Some economic growth leads to consumption. * appears to have become less effective in reducing poverty. * brings results. * byproduct of the unleashing of human potential. * can enhance health status because it increases living standards in general - occur with or without an overall economic development strategy - put pressure on the global environment - reduce poverty by generating employment and incomes - sometimes distribute economic benefits inequitably - take Vermonters in many directions * causes a simple proportional increase in travel growth over the long term. * changes any geographic area. * comes from work, saving and investment. * consists of an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services. * creates a favorable climate for investment - opportunity - profit opportunity * depends more than ever on knowledge, creativity, and innovation. * depends on availability of power - the development, and application of technology * driven by private sector foreign investment is seen as the key to development. * gives leeway to buy food. * has potential. * involves the expansion of the economy as it now stands. * is about producing more and more wealth - actually a resource generating process - also a major driver of the growth of transnational education * is an accountants figure - essential component in any country's strategy for sustainable development - increase in production in society - but one aspect of human well-being - constrained by a number of factors, particularly by the lack of infrastructure - dependent upon investment, which is tied to savings - different from economic development * is driven by the accumulation of knowledge - predominantly by a higher investment ratio and lower taxation - enhanced when expenditures with a good economic multiplier are implemented - found in most other Pacific Rim nations - fundamental to poverty reduction * is good in some countries due to consumers borrowing money - things - inevitable in an environment of abundant resources * is key to building a new city that works - environmental cleanup - measured in increasing idleness - no longer dependent on a growing domestic population - often the glue that holds a society together - possible without growth in energy demand - reflected by an overall improvement in the quality of life in a given country - responsible for changing the standard of living for most people in the world - stunted by prejudice, illiteracy and the high birth rate - supported by domestic demand * is the answer to many ills of society - best way to deal with problems of poverty and inequality - driving dynamic of modern societies - engine that powers the expansion of many job fields - foundation of our future - increase in the production of goods and services - main factor driving growth in energy demand - result of a nation's cultural and institutional structures - sine qua non for sustainable human development - social tide that lifts all boats - solution, they say, to the problems of poverty and low incomes - usually a necessary condition for poverty reduction - visible in all sectors - vital to prosperity, for it creates new jobs and rising incomes * is, of course, a driving force for liberalizing markets. * key element for poverty reduction. * leads to the development of a large and strong middle class - in any country. * major determinant of both energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions - and emissions * means a nation is able to produce more of everything - the development of land and resources * necessary condition for poverty alleviation. * occurs significantly faster in states with limited taxes - when output, or real GDP, grows - where there is an increase in the level of output of a country * physical process * plays a central political, economic and psycho-cultural role in western society. * poor guide to human welfare. * powerful tool for reducing poverty by generating employment and income. * pre-requisite for eliminating hunger. * reduces the burden of debt. * refers to an increase in the productive capacity of an economy. * requires efficient transportation * results from growth - productivity growth * rise in a. real GDP per person. * subsists on creativity and change. * tends to be driven by fast knowledge - follow a cyclical pattern - occur in a cyclical pattern	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### accounts: Account number * are accounts. * represent the type of revenue or expense to be transacted to each center. Accuracy * depends on features. * is dispositions - virtue ### accuracy: Fidelity * expresses constancy in keeping one's given word. * is accuracy - quality * refers to doing one's duty and keeping one's word - loyalty and to promise-keeping ### accuracy \| fidelity: Constancy * is fidelity - perceptions - the fourth mark of intercessory prayer * means reproducibility in measuring a constant source over a long period of time. ### accuracy \| fidelity \| constancy: Invariance * is constancy - orderly repetition of pattern of which a special form is called symmetry * precedes teleonomy, teleonomy secondary property stemming from invariance. Metastability * Metastabilities are constancy. * common phenomenon. - the pragmatic manifestation of the paradox of change * problem with all asynchronous, clocked designs. Perceptual constancy * is supposed to depend on stimulus-invariants. * much wider phenomenon. Measurement accuracy * function of image quality and correlation parameter settings. * is affected by compounds that competitively quench the fluorescence - important in reverse engineering Relative accuracy * concerns the positioning of map features relative to one another. * refers to the relationship of a single map feature to other features on the map. ### accusations: Implication * is accusations - inference - involvement - the relationship that holds between premises and conclusion in a good argument * thinking is the most complex and most abstract type of thought. Accusative case * means that the noun is the object of the sentence. + Word order, Subject, Object and Verb: Grammar * In other languages, sentences like this can be in different orders. Languages that let you choose how to order the words often have a grammatical case system. Accusative case means that the noun is the object of the sentence. ### ace: Ace of diamonds * is an ace * means success with money.<\|endoftext\|>Acetylene * can also add to itself or to aldehydes and ketones - polymerize exothermically, leading to deflagration * colorless, flammable gas with a distinctive garlic-like odor. * compressed gas that is used as a fuel and is stored in a liquid state. * fairly dangerous substance. * flamable gas. * flammable gas that burns very hot , hotter than any other gas. * fuel gas and is combustible. * gas with extremely high explosion pressures. * is an organic compound - another compressed gas which is also widely used in welding - chemical compounds - chemically very unstable - dissolved in the acetone solution and dispersed throughout the porous medium - gases - hydrocarbons - manufactured by the reaction of water with calcium carbide - produced by combining calcium carbide with water - relatively nontoxic and has been used as an anesthetic - shipped and stored dissolved in acetone - simplest member of unsaturated hydrocarbons called alkynes or acetylenes - the simplest alkyne * is used for chemical synthesis and for oxy-acetylene cutting, heating, and welding - in welding where it reacts with oxygen - what chemists refer to as a triple bond molecule * linear molecule, all four atoms lying along a straight line. * makes up only a very small percentage of hazardous locations. + Welding, Energy for welding, Energy for other kinds of welding: Construction :: Technology * OFW uses a flame from burning fuel gas and oxygen to heat up the metal. This fuel gas is almost always acetylene. Acetylene is a flammable gas that burns very hot, hotter than any other gas. That is why it is used most of the time. Other gases like propane, natural gas, or other industrial gases can be used too.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
Acid * All acids are generally incompatible with bases - can form salts with metal cations - have an equal effect on water * Any acid reacts in with calcium carbonate in the same way. * Caucasian drug across the board. * Every acid has a conjugate base formed by removing the acid's proton - base, and vice versa * Many acids have a sour taste - including sulphuric, and nitric have corrosive fumes, yet again avoid inhalation - occur naturally and some are essential for life - release only a single hydrogen ion per molecule into solution * Most acid affects blood lipids * Most acid breaks down enamel - food - tooth enamel * Most acid causes brain damage - decay - deformities - serious deformities - combines with alkalies * Most acid contains acid - carbon atoms - sulfur atoms - derives from proteins * Most acid destroys layers - teeth - deters herbivores - dissolves bones - enters vessels * Most acid has beneficial effects - chemical properties * Most acid induces intense pain - irritates esophagi - is produced by digestion * Most acid kills ants - many microorganisms - termites - produces compounds * Most acid produces during digestion - protein digestion - ionic compounds - acids also contain oxygen as part of an acid radical ion * Most acids are non-penetrating corrosives - weak - dissolve in water to yield the corresponding anions * Some acid absorbs water. * Some acid accumulates in blood - joints - plant tissue - shellfishes - acts as neurotransmitters * Some acid affects cell growth - expression - germination - aids in metabolism - appears in urine - binds to proteins * Some acid builds up in meat - muscles * Some acid catalyzes oxidation reaction * Some acid causes cavities - diseases - health problems - heartburn - irritation - skin irritation - changes color * Some acid combines with acid * Some acid comes from coconut oil - stomachs - tissue proteins * Some acid comes into intestines - small intestines - consists of atoms * Some acid contains air - cholesterol - fish oil - nitrogen - contributes to health * Some acid derives from algas - bacteria - brown algas * Some acid derives from certain algas - coconuts - destroys bacteria * Some acid dissolves sea urchin shells * Some acid enters blood streams - bloodstreams - capillaries - lakes - tubules - excretes in urine * Some acid facilitates absorption - calcium absorption - zinc absorption * Some acid falls as acid rain - to earth * Some acid finds in blood - muscle proteins - triglyceride * Some acid has atoms - health benefits - many health benefits - presence - stability * Some acid helps birth defects - certain birth defects - tube defects * Some acid increases absorption - acidity - induces synthesis * Some acid inhibits absorption - mineral absorption - interferes with absorption * Some acid involves in acid metabolism - irritates intestines * Some acid is deposited in connective tissue * Some acid is excreted by land snails * Some acid is formed by oxidation - rainwater - generated by metabolism * Some acid is produced by bacteria - diatoms - fermentation - microbes - normal bacteria - plant roots - starter bacteria - released by bacteria * Some acid is secreted by glands - pineal glands * Some acid is synthesized from acid - adenine * Some acid kills bacteria - insects - mammals - pathogen - plants * Some acid lowers absorption - incubation temperature * Some acid makes up eukaryotic proteins - mixes with water - participates in reaction * Some acid passes through gut walls - kidneys * Some acid prevents birth defects - coronary diseases * Some acid produces during metabolism - liquids - promotes inflammation * Some acid protects dogs - hearts - mice - sunflower plants - reacts with metal * Some acid reduces absorption - excretion - nerve damage - optic nerve damage - prostate tumor growth - urinary excretion * Some acid releases gases - hydrogen gases - requires for larval development * Some acid stimulates activities - microbial activities - osteoblast differentiations - suppresses responses - uses for energy * Some acids are also flammable or oxidizers and can start a fire if in contact with organic matter - strong and others are weak - weak like vinegar and some are strong like sulfuric acid * Some acids can donate more than one proton in aqueous solution - have a delayed discoloring chemical reaction - have the capability of providing more than one hydrogen ion from each molecule - offer a fire and explosion hazard * accelerates aging. - the formation of sinter deposits around the geyser * also conduct electricity - dissolves marble and limestone statues * are a group of chemicals, usually in liquid form - normal by-product of metabolism - waste product of bacterial metabolism - also the opposite of bases - beneficial in removing hard-water deposits, discoloration and rust stains - caustic, which means they have the ability to injure and destroy human tissue on contact - chemicals which release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water * are compounds that add hydrogen ions to a solution, bases lower hydrogen ion concentrations - contains hydrogen - give up hydrogens to bases - tend to produce hydrogen ions in water * are corrosive and can burn flesh and dissolve metal - to skin and eyes - electrolyte - electron pair acceptors and bases are electron pair donors * are harmful in two ways - to tissue - important - mixed with a paste and then printed on metals or glass - present in every painful or inflammatory reaction in the body - proton donors - solutions that have a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions - sour thus the lactic acid gives unflavoured yoghurt their sour taste * are substances that are higher up on the pH scale - can provide a hydrogen ion - sustances that contain lots of hydrogen ions - tart like lemons, bases feel slippery and taste bitter - what they say they are and salt can be one of the most corrosive forces in nature * attacks the plant fibres in paper and weakens it. * belong in the first group and alkalies in the second. * binds irons. * break down proteins in the dough and produce a flakier crust. - over time causing paper to become brown and brittle - electrostatic bonds, causes electrostatic repulsions - long gluten strands * builds up over time in cellulosic materials such as cotton, linen, and rayon. * burns skin. * can also destroy metal. * can be either a chemical acid or nano-bot destroyers - neutral molecules * can burn or severely irritate the skin * can cause chest pains that can radiate to other surrounding places - severe burns to the skin almost immediately - damage the stomach, so the walls of the stomach have a special lining to protect it - demineralize the enamel leaving weak spots - destroy some substances yet help to preserve others * can dissolve metals to make ions of the metal - the cement that binds concrete together - donate protons and bases can receive protons - etch surfaces and porcelain enamel * can have a lot of different properties depending on their molecular structure - different 'strengths', some are more reactive than others - irritate and injure the skin and eyes - land on surfaces through deposition by rain, as well as snow, fog, sleet, and particles - neutralize bases , and strong acids are corrosive - react with bases - weaken cellulose in paper, board, and cloth, leading to embrittlement * catalyzes dehydration - the reaction shown below * cause color changes in acid-base indicators. - feldspars to alter to clay - items to deteriorate * causes serious damage - tooth decay, but in a normal mouth, saliva buffers that acid * change the color of certain vegetable dyes, such as litmus, from blue to red - structure of the cabbage so that it reflects more red light waves * conduct electricity in relation to the degree of their ionization. * contain many hydrogen atoms. * corrode active metals - concrete and cast iron sewers, concrete wet wells and sedimentation tanks * damages surfaces. * differ in how readily they donate the proton. * dissolve gummy buildup, eat away tarnish, and remove dirt from wood surfaces. * dissolve in base and turn blue litmus red - water and generate hydrogen ions - it with red, alkalies, chloroform, benzol and carbon disulphide with green color - pearls - the metal, but it is unaffected by alkalis - calcites * donate protons in chemical reaction. * eat away at things by releasing hydrogen ions in water. * eats away the metal where it is exposed. * fall to the ground in particulate form. * finds in salmon. * forms chemical reaction * found in batteries are corrosive. * frequently used are acetic, fumaric, propionic, and their salts. * gases purification in cyclone reactors. * has actions - impact - positive impact * have a sour taste and can sting the skin - little effect on oily or greasy films * have low pH numbers, while bases are high on the scale - pH's - sour taste and turn a vegetable dye called litmus, red * help stabilze the wine, affect the color and aging rate, and balance the sugar and alcohol. * helps dissolve collagen. * hinder the growth of many common fungi and bacteria. * impairs uptake. * increases hydronium ion concentration. * is also a common word in everyday use, but it has a precise definition in chemistry - believed to damage tooth enamel and cause decay - blotted on small sheets of paper and is usually placed under the tongue - drugs - essential to the production of good cheese * is formed from glucose by some strains and some can ferment other sugars - when the bacteria in plaque break down sugars and carbohydrates from the diet - found naturally in many kinds of paper and wood * is generated under certain natural conditions even in the absense of mining - when iron sulfide minerals, such as pyrite, weather - hostile to other bacteria * is located in chemistry labs - low, alcohol is warm - manufactured by certain cells in the stomach and major factor in ulcer formation - needed for flavor and for gel formation - present in the stomach to digest food * is produced by bacteria in the child's mouth - from many carbon sources - released into the intestinal tract * is the major cause of the internal destruction of paper based records - male and alkaline is the female counterpart - substance which makes fruit juice tart or sour - tartness, the tang, the snap, which one feels in the back of the mouth - used to eat away at the scratched areas, creating the grooves to hold the ink for printing - what eats at photos and accelerates their deterioration * lakes, often forming large colonies in deep water - sandy or muddy shores, peatlands * like to oxidize obliging metals. * lose their acidity when they are combined with alkalies. * make Litmus turn red. * makes newspaper decay and fall apart rapidly. * neutralize bases and change indicators to distinctive colors * phosphatases from different grass tissues - grass seeds * play an important part in cleaning and neutralizing fabrics. * precipitate it from aqueous solution. * produced by the bacteria causes the enamel to break down, leading to cavities and gum disease. * radically decrease. * rains kills fish in lakes and streams by increasing the acidity of water. * react only with bases and bases react only with acids. * react with bases to form salts and water - hydroxides to form water and a salt - metal oxides to produce water and a salt - metals to produce hydrogen * reducing therapy relieves symptoms of ulcers and promotes faster healing. * release hydrogen ions in water. * remove paint, allowing metal parts to rust. * sets dyes and alkaline releases dye. * side effect of diet, stress, toxins and poisons. * slows stomach emptying and digestion. * soils with a very thick layer of clay accumulation - good drainage favor ectomycorrhizae * spits and gurgles when poured into water and can then get into the eyes and on skin. * substance capable of providing hydrogen ions in solution and turning blue litmus red. * taste sour, are soluble in water and undergo similar chemical reactions. * tend to bind with tissue proteins and coagulate the surface epithelium - bleach some stains - form in diesel lube systems, caused by the combustion process and type of fuel burned * triggers production * turn blue litmus paper red and alkalis turn red litmus paper blue * typically have a slippery feeling. * undergoes anaerobic degradations * usually are derived from acidic igneous rocks, soil organisms, and many organic remains - damage the very front of the eye * weaken fibers in paper, causing the paper to become brittle and turn yellow or brown. * work well for dissolving stains and mineral scale. * works together with other substances in the stomach called enzymes to break down food. + Acid, How acids work: * Every acid has a conjugate base formed by removing the acid's proton. An acid and its conjugate base are opposite in strength. Since HCl is a strong acid, Cl- is a weak base - Importance * Acids are important. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA contain the genetic code. These molecules determine many characteristics of an organism, they are passed from the parents to offspring. DNA contains the plans how to build proteins which are made of amino acids * Acids can have different 'strengths', some are more reactive than others. More reactive acids are often more dangerous. * Acids can burn the skin. The burn can be serious or minor depending on the kind of acid and how concentrated it is. Burns like this can be a serious problem. Chemical burns like this need medical attention immediately + Chemistry, Concepts of chemistry, Acids and bases * Acids and bases are common chemicals. Acids can react with bases. A salt is also made when an acid and a base react together. Sodium chloride is a salt. + Litmus test, Litmus paper * Litmus paper is a way to test whether or not a solution is an alkali or an acid. Acids turn blue litmus paper red and alkalis turn red litmus paper blue. + Wart, Getting rid of warts: Diseases caused by viruses * This will slowly kill wart tissue. Dead tissue can then be removed. Getting rid of a wart that way usually takes several weeks. There are different drugs, with different acids. Some prescription drugs may contain stronger acids, such as chloroacetic acid or silver nitrate. All acids are caustic. This means, healthy tissue around the wart needs to be protected, before the substance is applied. * A chemical can donate a proton if the hydrogen atom is attached to an electronegative atom like oxygen, nitrogen, or chlorine. Some acids are strong and others are weak. The weak acids hold on to some of their protons, while the strong acids let go of all of them. Weak acids generally have a pH value of 4-6 while strong acids have a pH value of 1 to 3.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid gas: Carbon dioxide * Arises during the fermentation process. * More carbon dioxide is produced in the tiny passageways of soil - than actually ends up in the atmosphere - taken up by plants - leads to more atmospheric water vapor, which leads to higher temperatures * More carbon dioxide means an increased greenhouse effect, which leads to global warming - more cooling * Most carbon dioxide absorbs energy - affects photosynthesis - becomes air - builds up in lungs - comes from waste * Most carbon dioxide enters air - atmospheres - tracheae * Most carbon dioxide has growth - origins - plant growth - roles - significant impact * Most carbon dioxide is produced by burn gasoline - respiration * Most carbon dioxide is released by bacteria - through the skin in all salamanders - used up by photosynthesis - passes through membranes - produces during respiration * Some carbon dioxide absorbs radiation - acts as fertilizer - affects plants * Some carbon dioxide boosts growth - builds up in blood * Some carbon dioxide combines with acid - carbon compounds - organic acid * Some carbon dioxide contributes to effects - greenhouse effects - depends on saltiness * Some carbon dioxide enters aquatic autotrophs - containers - tubes - exists as liquids * Some carbon dioxide flows into arteries - pulmonary arteries - gets photosynthesis * Some carbon dioxide has high partial pressure * Some carbon dioxide increases gas pressure - runoff * Some carbon dioxide is dissolved into the ocean, where some organisms use it to form their shells - incorporated into compounds * Some carbon dioxide is produced by combustion - released from the interior of the lithosphere by volcanoes - used by algae and phytoplankton through the process of photosynthesis - limits photosynthesis - needs for photosynthesis - passes through skin * Some carbon dioxide produces as byproduct - carbohydrates - reacts with water * Some carbon dioxide releases into water * Some carbon dioxide removes gases - toxic gases - uses for photosynthesis. * greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases trap heat energy. Greenhouse gases change the climate and weather on our planet, Earth. This is called climate change. Most scientists think that greenhouse gases are causing global warming, the rise of Earth's surface temperature * absorbs heat and traps it near the Earth's surface - from sunlight and warms up the Earth - infrared radiation from the sun and prevents it from returning to space - sunlight reflecting off the Earth, heating up the air * accounts for about half of the world's greenhouse gases, which trap solar rays - three fourths of the predicted increase in the greenhouse effect - two thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits - two-thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits * acts as the solvent and carries the caffeine away from the beans - like an acid in water - the heat balance by acting as a one-way screen * allows light to reach the Earth's surface - sunlight to strike the earth, but traps some of the resulting heat - the sun's short wave radiation to reach the earth - airborne when fossil fuels, solid waste and wood products are burned - toxic when it suppresses respiration * bi-product of biomass burning. * boils first, then sulfur dioxide. * builds up in the Earth's atmosphere, causing temperatures to rise - body as a waste product of metabolism * by-product of fermentationwhich displaces oxygen - fossil fuel combustion - that process * byproduct of body metabolism and is attached to the red blood cells - cellular metabolism - the burning of fossil fuels and industrial activity * can also remove cholesterol and fat from milk and meat - dissolve in water, where some of it is later returned back into the atmosphere - help dissolve proteins * cans have consequences. * cause global warming - the earth's average air temperature to increase * causes bread to rise and gives effervescent drinks their bubbles - cerebral vasodilation - global warming while sulphur dioxide can cause global cooling - rapid onset of anesthesia with subsequent death due to respiratory arrest * certain source, but, bacterial sulfate reduction key. * changes the pH of seawater, making it more acidic. * colorless gas having a faint odor and a sour taste. * colorless, almost odorless gas that is formed by the combustion of carbon - odorless gas that's part of our atmosphere - odorless, gas that extinguishes a flame * combines with water to form a. carbonic acid b. * comes from fossil fuel usage, and losses in soil organic matter - the breathing of almost all living organisms and from anything that burns - in, oxygen goes out * commonly cited greenhouse gas. * compound , or a combination of two or more elements. * continues to accumulate in the atmosphere threatening changes in the global climate. * decreases because it is blown off. * diffuses out. * displaces oxygen in the air and causes suffocation. * dissolved in water can disperse into the atmosphere - is the major source for aquatic plants * dissolves out of the blood back to the skin - readily in the surface oceans - single-celled and aquatic autotrophs through no specialized structures * enters the atmosphere through each of the following processes except one - carbon cycle or is taken up by plants for photosynthesis - leaf and passes into the chloroplast * enters the leaf through pores called stroma - tiny openings called the stomata - leaves through a - waters of the ocean by simple diffusion * equilibriates between the atmosphere and the ocean's surface layers. * exists in small amounts both in the atmosphere and in protoplasm. * extinguishes fire by physically attacking all three points of the fire triangle. * fluxes over a northern, semiarid, mixed-grass prairie. * follows a reverse path. * food additive used as a propellant and acidity regulator in the food industry. * forms compounds - many acids, called carbonic acids, in the ocean * furnishes the carbon and oxygen, and water furnishes the hydrogen for carbohydrate,. * gas at room temperature while silicon dioxide high-melting solid. * gas that is vitally involved in the process of photosynthesis - occurs naturally in the atmosphere as a product of living organisms * gas that scientists say major factor in the earth's rising temperatures - in the planet's rising temperatures * gas, and because it is heavier than air it pushes the air out of the bottle - so it can be compressed and stored under pressure * gaseous waste product of normal energy metabolism. * goes through the process called sublimation. * good indicator for indoor air quality. * greenhouse emission * greenhouse gas and a contributor to global warming - major contributor to global warming - considered a major factor in global warming - contributing to possible global warming * greenhouse gas linked to global climate change - of major concern in the study of global warming - produced from burning fossil fuels * greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming - the potential for global warming - is closely associated with global warming - keeps our planet warm * greenhouse gas which contributes to global warming - traps heat rising from Earth s surface * greenhouse gas, and as such, it is partly responsible for global warming - produced when electricity is generated or gas is burned * has a double bond on each side of the carbon atom - nasty habit of remaining trapped in our atmosphere, sometimes for centuries - warming effect on the earth's environment - any number of biological benefits for plants - carbon in it - many beneficial effects on the body - varied commercial uses * helps fuel photosynthesis, the process through which plants are nourished and grow - plants grow, but it is also one of the so-called greenhouse gasses * high pressure, super critical process. * impacts their pH systems, and the expiration of gases necessitates lots of water. * improves the growth of hairy roots cultured on solid medium and in nutrient mists. * increases temperatures, extending the growing season and increasing humidity - the levels of ozone via heating the atmosphere * influences the mean global temperature through the greenhouse effect. * inhibits the growth of most aerobic bacteria and moulds. * introduced into the greenhouse further boosts production. * is A. less soluble in sea water than other common atmospheric gases - absolutely necessary for plants and animals * is absorbed and oxygen is produced * is absorbed by growing vegetation and soils - producers to make carbohydrates in photosynthesis * is absorbed from the atmosphere and oxygen is released - through pores in the leaves called stomata - on one side of platinum electrodes and converts to oxygen - actually a benefit to the plants * is added to drinking water during the final phases of the purification process - lower the water's pH level * is also a gas - greenhouse gas, thus it keeps the planet warm - an excellent absorber - effective, displacing the oxygen necessary to sustain fire - the gas formed when natural gas, oil and coal are burned * is an acid gas - acid, and is released by soil bacteria during biodegredation of litter - acidic oxide and reacts with water to give carbonic acid - acidic, metabolic waste product in the form of a gas - atmospheric constituent that plays several vital roles in the environment - efficient greenhouse gas - essential raw material for photosynthesis by green plants - important gas in Earth's environment * is an important greenhouse gas produced by fossil-fuel use - leavening agent for most baked goods - part of the atmosphere - orderless, tasteless gas that is heavier than air - another ingredient needed for photosynthesis - applied to the face in light, circular motions - available to produce new biomass and that's why it renewable resource - better than pasteurization - bubbled through a water solution of calcium hydroxide at room temperature - by far the most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere - capable of freezes - carried to the lungs through blood and sent out the lungs - cheap and abundant - cheaper to buy than solvents and can be reused - chemical compounds - clearly the most important cause of the human-made greenhouse effect - colorless, odorless and heavier than air - composed of two atoms of oxygen and one atom of carbon * is considered a greenhouse gas - by many as one of the major contributors to global warming - the most prominent contributor to the global warming issue - controlled by the carbon cycle * is converted in photosynthesis and store as wood - into sugars in a process called carbon fixation - created by the burning of oil, coal, gas or wood - denser than air * is emitted into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burnt - through the burning of fossil fuels such as oil and coal - to the atmosphere through natural sources * is emitted whenever fossil fuels are burned - such as coal, oil and natural gas are burned * is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants grow - to plant growth - expelled from the lungs with each exhalation - extremely harmful to the atmosphere - far more than a waste gas - faster consumed than supplied due to the mesophyll s photosynthesis * is fixed by photosynthesis into carbohydrates - plants, which are then eaten by animals - formed by burning carbon - found in nature - fundamental to maintaining normal physiology - furnished to a greenhouse for commercial produce - gathered from the air through the stomata * is given off as the organic matter decays - during respiration of biological systems - harmless * is heavier than air and can collect in low and poorly ventilated places - pushes it out of the bin - puts out a flame - tends to collect in low and enclosed spaces - highly soluble in seawater - influenced by the level of organic matter in the soil - inorganic compounds - instead the inevitable byproduct of burning fossil fuel - introduced to make a space so the pelvic organs can be seen - liberated from the mineral and bubbles out through the acid, creating the fizz - linked to air quality problems and contributes to global climate change * is located in air - lost with faster breathing and increased when breathing slows * is made in steel mills - the reactions between most acids and most metal carbonates * is made up of carbon and oxygen atoms - one carbon and two oxygen atoms, hydrogen of two hydrogen atoms - mixed quickly throughout the atmosphere * is more soluble and diffuses faster than oxygen - in water than oxygen - much better suited for heat-pump applications - necessary for plant respiration - obtained through tiny pores in plant leaves called stomata - one example of a greenhouse gas * is one of many greenhouse gases, including water, methane and ammonia - several gases implicated in greenhouse warming * is one of the first chemical compounds kids learn about - key greenhouse gases blamed for causing global warming - more important gases responsible for the greenhouse effect * is one of the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere - primary greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming - raw materials of the photosynthetic process - strongest attractants for mosquitoes - the gas responsible for global warming * is only one gas which is exchanged between the atmosphere and forests - slightly poisonous - prevented from entering the Earth's atmosphere before exiting the system - probably the most abundant form of carbon found on earth * is produced and given off - released as a by-product - remains in the bottom because it is more dense than air * is produced by all animals and by green plants in darkness - cells as a result of cellular metabolic processes - plants, and is found in many things, including soft drinks * is produced by the burning of coal, oil and natural gas - fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas - cells and moves in the opposite direction through the same system - degradation of organic matter - from heating , driving and consuming products * is produced in excess amounts - the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid * is produced when fuels are burned - microorganisms oxidize organic matter within the sample - the methane gas is burned for cooking and heating - vinegar and baking soda are mixed - pumped into the body to give the surgeon room to work - readily soluble in water - reduced and water is oxidized * is released back into the atmosphere through bacterial respiration - from the soil during the freezing process and in the late spring - in deforestation by burning or cutting * is released into the air when students exhale - atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned - through the same pores - to the atmosphere by all organisms * is released when fossil fuels are used - like coal and oil are burned - people burn fossil fuels , like oil , coal , and natural gas * is removed from the atmosphere and oxygen is released during photosynthesis - by a complex network of natural sinks - during photosynthesis and by dissolving in the oceans * is responsible for approximately half of the increase - only about half of the Earth's greenhouse effect warming - returned to the atmosphere when the plant parts decay or are burned - slightly soluble and is absorbed into bodies of water such as the ocean and lakes - suggested for fires involving delicate instruments and optical systems - supposedly the most effective greenhouse gas * is taken from the atmosphere through small pores called as stomata - into leaves and utilized during photosynthesis - out from the blood and brought out - up at night and stored until photosynthesis can occur during the day * is the air that plant take in used in the process of photosynthesis - biggest contributor to global warming - cause, the trigger, that starts the warming - chief culprit in the increased threat of global warming in recent decades - fundamental nutrition of every life form on Earth - gas that all animals exhale when they breathe - greenhouse gas that contributes most to global warming - heat trapping greenhouse gas held most to blame for global warming * is the largest contributing factor to global warming - single waste product of modern society * is the leading cause of climate change * is the least aggressive of the greenhouse gases but is emitted in large quantities - expensive gas to measure and serves as a good measure of ventilation - soluble and so is the first to separate - main byproduct produced when the liver processes erythromycin * is the main cause of human-induced climate change - gas caused by human activity that has been linked to global warming * is the main greenhouse gas that contributes to global climate change - which contributes to the threat of global warming - ionized gas which contaminates water - vector in causing the warming of our atmosphere * is the major contributor of global warming - man-made contributor to global climate change * is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere - gas, meaning that it traps infrared radiation * is the most common greenhouse gas - of several gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect - important gas driving global warming * is the most important greenhouse gas contributing to global warming - released by human activities - of the greenhouse gases produced due to human activities - single greenhouse agent produced by human activities * is the most powerful cerebral vasodilator known - vasodilator for cerebral blood vessels - prevalent greenhouse gas - troublesome gas - preferred agent, as it leaves no residue to be cleaned up * is the primary gas in Mars' atmosphere - leading to global warming * is the primary greenhouse gas contributing to climate change - principal gas caused by human activity that is implicated in global warming * is the principal greenhouse gas believed to be behind changes in the global climate - gas, especially at the household level - product of combustion of hydrocarbons and carbohydrates - result of animal respiration - second most abundant gas produced as organic acids are degraded - source gas of the carbon emissions - uninvited guest that shows up whenever coal, oil, or natural gas burn * is the waste product of cells - well functioning cells and is also carried back by the blood - produced during strenuous activity such as mountain climbing - thought to cause global warming - transparent to light but rather opaque to heat rays - transpired through the pores of the shell * is transported in the blood a. bound to hemoglobin - on hemoglobin * is used by plants during photosynthesis to manufacture glucose - to make food for themselves - the food industry, the oil industry, and the chemical industry * is used in a variety of ways by organisms in the oceans - some fire extinguishers * is used in the light-independent reactions - production of carbonic acid, the main intravascular acid - to produce carbonated soft drinks and soda water * is very soluble in water, much more so than oxygen - weakly soluble in water , therefore it separates into a gas * key contributor to global warming. * key greenhouse gas and is mostly produced by power plants, factories and cars - that many scientists feel is warming Earth * known greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. * large contributor to greenhouse gases, which lead directly to global warming. * leaves that same blood when air is exhaled from the lung out of the body. * leaves the body through the spiracles - cell by diffusion into the water and out the osculum - cell, diffuses through the interstitial fluid and enters a capillary * likes to do one thing in water. * linear molecule. * links the energy crisis with the problem of global warming. * major component of the emissions - global warming gas * major greenhouse gas, which many people believe contributes to global warming - means it gas that captures and absorbs heat - metabolite - player in global warming * makes up less than one two thousandth of one per cent. * modulates energy metabolism in a dormant mollusc. * moves readily from the extravascular space into the blood. * natural byproduct of respiration - gas and is an important part of the environment * naturally occurring gas that is released and absorbed in a natural cycle. * nonflammable gas that is naturally contained in the exhaled breath of humans. * normal and harmless atmospheric component - waste product of cellular metabolism * nutrient a very important nutrient, perhaps the most important. * passes from the blood into the alveoli - through the thin gill tissue into the water * passes out through the body surface as well as through the contractile vacuoles - surface as well as being expelled by the contractile vacuoles - the capillary walls from the cells * plant nutrient. * plays an important role in the lives of plants and animals - warming the earth by trapping the sun's heat * powerful greenhouse gas. * prevents infrared photons from radiating energy to space. * primary factor in global warming. * primary greenhouse gas that causes global warming - gas, which contributes to global warming * principal contributor to the green house effect * produced by human activity enters the natural carbon cycle. * produced during respiration is removed by lungs - the burning of coal enhances global warming * product of the biochemical reactions that are part of composting. * provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis. * puts out fires by depriving the flame of oxygen. * reacts with carbonate to produce bicarbonate - seawater to make carbonic acid - water in solution to form the weak acid, carbonic acid * regulates smooth muscle or the involuntary muscle of the airways, blood vessels etc - the activity of the autonomic nervous system * released by cars major contributing factor to the greenhouse effect - during respiration is used up by the plant for photosynthesis * remains for a century or more. * replaces harsher acids for the alkaline neutralization process - oxygen in a grain bin and can be deadly * represents that most abundant of the greenhouse gases. * results primarily from decaying organic matter in water-bearing soils. * rises as oxygen falls. * significant greenhouse gas considered to be responsible for global warming. * small but important constituent of air. * so called greenhouse gas causing global warming. * stimulates plant growth. * strong radiator of infra-red. * suppresses fires quickly without leaving a residue. * three-dimensional clean agent. * tissue building chemical. * traps heat and warms the atmosphere - in our lower atmosphere * waste product exhaled by humans, but they ingest it when they drink cola drinks. * waste product of aerobic respiration in plant cells - animal metabolism and is exhaled in breathing - cellular activity - respiration and oxygen waste product of photosynthesis + Carbon diet: Environment :: Nature :: Green politics - dioxide, Isolation and production: Organic compounds :: Biochemistry :: Greenhouse gases :: Oxides * Chemists get carbon dioxide from cooling air. They call this air distillation. But this method is inefficient. Chemists can also use several different chemical reactions to separate carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is made in the reactions between most acids and most metal carbonates - footprint: Ecology * Doing something that burns fuel will make carbon dioxide gas in the smoke. Carbon dioxide has carbon in it. Just as walking on the sand leaves a footprint, burning fuel leaves carbon dioxide in the air, which is called a carbon footprint + Carbonation, Chemistry: Chemistry :: Geology + Lung: Anatomy of the respiratory system * The alveoli are moist to allow oxygen to move from the lung through the alevoli into blood vessels and red blood cells. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood into the alveoli. The oxygen-filled blood goes back to the heart and the carbon dioxide in the alveoli is pushed out of the lungs and into the air we breathe out. * However, humans are adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Mainstream science believes that this has caused the planet's average temperature to rise by causing the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide is released when people burn fossil fuels, like oil, coal, and natural gas. Carbon dioxide emissions come mostly from transportation, energy and industries. Among these, the largest contributor is from meat production. + Photosynthesis, Factors affecting photosynthesis, Carbon dioxide levels: Cell biology :: Cellular respiration :: Metabolism :: Plant physiology	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Acetic acid * Many acetic acid based solvents are on the market and are less toxic than other solvents. * acts a flavour agent and natural preservative. * colorless liquid with a sharp, irritating odor. * corrosive chemical. * gives a distinctive vinegar note, while citric acid gives a sharp, clean bite. * has a smell similar to vinegar - strong odor, but citric is fairly corrosive - molecular polarity - more highly electronegative oxygen atoms than the other molecules * is also a product in the destructive distillation of wood - an important ingredient of vinegar * is an irritant by skin contact or inhalation - to the eyes and mucous membranes - oxoacid - carboxylic acid - chemical compounds - considered to be about one third as effective as propionic acid - formed upon contact with water or humid air - more acidic than ethanol because the acetate anion is stabilized by resonance * is one step short of glycine, the simplest amino acid - the simplest amino acid, glycine - produced following placement of the fluid - quite corrosive * is the constituent that makes vinegar sour - more significant cause of the deterioration in the European museums studied - most common cleaner used in home stills * is used as the reaction solvent - for coagulation of latex - usually easier to come by in large quantities than saliva is * mature product and is manufactured by a limited number of large producers. * mixes readily with water. * relatively weak acid. * smells like vinegar. * strong acid - irritant and a corrosive * vital ingredient for the feedstock for polyester production. * weak acid, so a base is required to obtain any acid-base reaction - elecetrolyte - electrolyte because only some of the molecules dissociate to form ions * weaker acid than hydrocyanic acid.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Alginic acid * are commercially important in the production of rubber and textiles. * controls bleeding. * creates a foam barrier between the stomach and the esophagus. * is chemical compounds - gum - obtained from brown algae - one of the main constituents in bladderwrack - used in ice cream as a smoothener * linear polysaccharide made from two different monomer subunits. * reacts with saliva to produce a foamy froth that layers on the liquid in the stomach. * type of dietary fiber that can be used to help relieve constipation and diarrhea. Aminolevulinic acid * causes skin cells to become much more sensitive to certain types of light. * prepares the skin it is used on for light therapy.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Arachidonic acid * comes prepackaged in animal meats, chicken, shell fish, and dairy products. * fatty acid released from cell membranes in response to injury. * gives rise to potent lipid mediators, known collectively as eicosanoids. * increases cytosolic calcium and stimulates hormone release in rat lactotrophs - nitric oxide release from elicited peritoneal macrophages in rats * is an essential oil found in all human cell walls - essential for desiccation tolerance * is found in such food substances as dairy foods, and red meats - naturally occurring in the diet, mostly through animal products - only in animal fats - primarily in animal fats and is often too high in modern diets - metabolized to prostaglandins, leukotrienes and lipoxins - particularly important for feline immunity - released from membrane phospholipids as a response to inflammatory stimuli - the building block of bad eicosanoids - vital for the function of the brain and nervous system * metabolites after excimer laser corneal surgery - having potent pharmacological effects - relevant to medicine * part of phospholipids in the plasma membranes of cells. * stimulates protein kinase C-epsilon redistribution in heart cells - tyrosine phosphorylation in vascular cells	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Aristolochic acid * cause cancer in rats and mutations in bacteria and mammals. * is also chronically toxic to the digestive tract and is carcinogenic * potent carcinogen and nephrotoxin found in certain plants and botanicals Battery acid * can cause serious burns - eye injuries * is acid - an example of a corrosive - highly corrosive - recovered to use in reconditioning chargeable batteries - the electrolyte in most batteries Behenic acid * cholesterol-raising saturated fatty acid in humans. * is chemical compounds. * long chain saturate which is rather poorly absorbed.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Benzoic acid * are more toxic to soybeans than phenoxy's with leaves turned up. * can also cause allergies. * common food preservative. * consists of a carboxyl group attached to a benzene ring. * is carboxylic acid - extracted from an organic compound - highly flammable - known to stimulate olfactory receptor cells in trichoid sensilla of females * natural complement to it. * occurs naturally in cherry bark, raspberries, tea, anise and cassia bark. * rides On stinking urine tides. * stronger acid than phenol. + Solvent extraction: Chemistry * Benzoic acid is extracted from an organic compound. All of this is done in a diluted soilution of Sodium bicarbonate. Benzoic acid is converted to Sodium benzoate.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Boric acid * acts as a stomach poison. * chemical substance with mild antiseptic properties. * comes as a white, crystalline powder. * compound used in certain fixers to prolong shier hardening life. * fairly nontoxic compound that kills roaches. * gives rice dumplings a fresher look and a better texture. * good ingredient for ant baits and used in several commercial products. * has some toxicity so keep out of reach of children and pets. - acutely poisonous if ingested, especially in infants and children * is added to borax for use as welding flux by blacksmiths - salt in the curing of cattle hides, calfskins , and sheepskins - the cellulose material during production * is also an effective way to control ants - important boron compound with major markets in textile products - available in gel form - now available as a granular material - useful with fleas - among the best cockroach insecticides * is an important boron compound used in textile products - applied in a very dilute solution as an eye wash - approved for crack and crevice treatment in kitchen and food preparation areas - available in powder form from a pharmacy without a prescription - derived from boron, a naturally occurring mineral - fairly safe to use and handle - incompatible with acetic anhydride and potassium - mildly antimicrobial, and a natural boron-containing organic antibiotic is known - moderately toxic unless the skin is abraided or burned, then it can be highly toxic - odorless and extremely low in toxicity to people, pets, and other nontarget animals * is of low toxicity to adults, but it can present a hazard to children - but it does pose a hazard to children - one inexpensive insecticide for cockroaches * is one of the most common and effective ways to dispatch of termites - standard silverfish killers - only slightly more toxic than regular table salt when used as directed * is probably more toxic to humans than many other registered pesticides - the most commonly used dust labeled for cockroach control - released in small quantities by borax - soluble in boiling water - the least toxic poison available for effective, long-term cockroach control * is toxic by mouth - keep away from children and pets - when ingested or inhaled * is used as a disinfectant - an insecticide, notably against ants, fleas, and cockroaches * is used in pre-treating certain textiles before they are dyed - some nuclear power plants as a neutron poison - the production of the glass in LCD flat panel displays - traditionally as insecticide, especially against ants or cockroaches - to lubricate carrom and novuss boards, allowing for faster play * kills the insects by damaging their metabolism as well as their exoskeleton. * lubricous lamellar solid at room temperature. * makes a triangular crystal - an important contribution to the absorption of low frequency sound in seawater * mild antiseptic and is added to powder as a skin-buffering agent. * mineral-based organic pesticide derived from the element boron. * reacts with water to release a proton. * safe pesticide. * shuts down the termite's nervous system while dehydrating it. * ' is an acid of Boron. Its salts are called Borates. Boric acid is used as a disinfectant. It can also be used as a preservative, it has the E number 284. Boric acid by-product of the production of certain forms of glass, porcelain and vitreous enamel. It is also used as a Flame retardant. Dissolved in water, it acts as a neutron absorber in nuclear power plants. * toxic compound, and wool normally contains phosphorus. * white powder insecticide that is lethal to roaches. * white, inorganic powder chemically derived from boron and water. * widely used insecticide. Cacodylic acid * desiccant that causes leaf drop and death in certain hardwood species. * has no registration in Canada. * is chemical compounds - judged as essentially non-irritating to both skin and eyes	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Carbonic acid * Some carbonic acid enters fractures - increases acidity - is formed by rainwater * disassociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions. * dissociates into carbonates and hydrogen ions in a reversible reaction. * dissolves limestone by separating the calcium and carbonate and creating a liquid. * filters down through the cracks and dissolves the limestone. * helps dissolve minerals. * ionizes less than lactic acid and so is weaker than lactic acid. * is acid - an effective agent of chemical weathering - described as a volatile acid since it has a vapor phase - especially effective at dissolving limestone - formed in the presence of moisture - in equilibrium with dissolved carbon dioxide gas * is the heart of the natural remineralization process - largest player in the dissolution of bedrock - used in aerated drinks * lowers the pH of the solution making it more acidic. * reacts with calcite to breakdown the mineral into ions. * relatively weak acid compared to HCl and therefore is less conductive.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Carboxylic acid * Many carboxylic acids occur naturally. * are found a lot in food. Many types of fat molecules are actually carboxylic acids. For example, chocolate and coconuts have these acids. They are also used a lot in soaps and detergents - compounds whose molecules contain the functional group - therefore much stronger acids than the analogous alcohols * can readily hydrogen bond and have relatively high boiling points. * give up their protons at acid pHs. * have spectra that are even more involved. * is acid - organic acid * react with bases to produce carboxylate salts and water.<\|endoftext\|>### acid \| carboxylic acid: Fatty acid * All fatty acids are chains of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms - molecules composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen atoms * Many fatty acids occur in living things as components of lipids. * Most fatty acid combines with alkalies - contains atoms - enters vessels - finds in salmon - has actions - acids have an even number of carbon atoms and are broken down to acetate * Some fatty acid affects cell growth - combines with acid - consists of atoms * Some fatty acid contains carbon - fish oil * Some fatty acid finds in cods - proteins * Some fatty acid has benefits - health benefits * Some fatty acid has many benefits - helps conditions - interferes with absorption * Some fatty acid is produced by fermentation - microbes * Some fatty acid lowers incubation temperature - makes up water * Some fatty acid plays beneficial roles - important roles - indirect roles - key roles - promotes inflammation - protects dogs - provides nourishment * Some fatty acid reduces growth - prostate tumor growth * Some fatty acid requires for development - larval development - supports health - uses for energy * Some fatty acids are essential in the diet - have one or more double bonds between their carbon atoms * are hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group at the end - carboxylic acid group at the end - potent modulators of lactate utilization in isolated hepatocytes from fed rats - impact - positive impact * is carboxylic acid. Succinic acid * lacks the hydroxyl group that is present on the others. * shows a very weak response.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Chloroacetic acid * has many uses in syntheses. - chemical compounds * is used in industrial chemical processes , for example in the production of dyes - to make the intermediate for glyphosate. * Replacing one hydrogen atom of acetic acid with a chlorine one yields 'Chloroacetic acid'. Chloroacetic acid is used in industrial chemical processes, for example in the production of dyes. It was used as poison gas in the First World War, as a so-called Yellow Cross agent. It is still used to treat warts today. Chloroacetic acid very strong acid that causes immediate damage to the skin	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Chlorogenic acid * health villain suspected of causing intestinal cancers. * is chemical compounds - one of the allergens which coffee shares with oranges Clavulanic acid * chemical sometimes added to a semisynthetic penicillin preparation. * is drugs. * potent inactivator of beta-lactamases. * reaches levels sufficient to inhibit beta- lactamase. Elenolic acid * has a very wide anti-viral spectrum. * is very virucidal. Excess acid * Some excess acid is deposited in connective tissue * accumulates in the body and can damage organs like the liver or pancreas. * can eat through the protective lining and damage the stomach. Ferulic acid * is also a natural source for the ultraviolet light UV protection. * strong membrane antioxidant in people.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Folic acid * B vitamin - and is found in green leafy vegetables, nuts, beans and citrus fruits - often found in fortified food products and vitamin supplements * B-vitamin that can be found in some enriched foods and vitamin pills. * Some folic acid is produced by the intestinal bacteria - synthesized by bacteria in the intestines * appears to be a key compound in human nutrition. * breaks down homocysteine and allows it to be removed from the blood stream. * can also play other important roles during pregnancy - reduce the risk of certain birth defects of the brain and spinal cord - help form a baby's brain and spine * can help prevent birth defects of the brain and spinal cord - diseases of the brain and spine, called neural tube defects - reduce the risk of birth defects of the brain and spinal cord - that mechanism stay active * can prevent a brain and spinal cord birth defect called spina bifida - spina bifida when taken in the early days of pregnancy - reduce a group of birth defects called neural tube defects * carrier of one-carbon fragments which it transfers to various biochemical targets. * cofactor for the metabolism of formic acid, a toxic methanol metabolite. * comes in several forms. * cuts homocysteine levels. * exerts important effects on hemapoiesis. * fights heart risk factor. * fills the nutritional gap that exists for many people. * forms a vital function in the transport of coenzymes that control amino acid metabolism. * has a higher absorption rate than natural occurring folate - many important benefits at high doses * has no known toxic levels - side effects * helps DNA, the genetic building blocks, repair itself - fight birth defects because it is so important in the development of new cells - nourish the skin and nervous system - prevent defects of the baby's spine - red and white blood cell formulation and the synthesis of hemoglobin * helps reduce homocysteine levels, which helps protect DNA from damage - the risk of having a baby with brain and spinal cord defects * helps the baby's brain and spinal cord develop properly - body make new red blood cells - ovum mature * helps to control their behaviour - prevent neural tube birth defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly - with the formation and maturation of red and white blood cells * improves phenytoin pharmacokinetics. * induces growth of red blood cells and helps in cell division. * inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of human arterial smooth muscle cells. * is B group vitamin found in leafy vegetables, fruits and organ meats - absorbed in the intestinal tract and is stored primarily in the liver - added to many vitamins and mineral supplements * is also an important counter to depression - critical for women of child-bearing age in order to have healthy babies - essentials - important in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines - present in grapefruit - useful in the proper functioning of the entire central nervous system - an essential B-vitamin for swine * is an essential nutrient found in all enriched grain products - required by the body in very small doses - vital to the production of red blood cells - vitamin found in meat, fresh fruit and vegetables - another nutrient whose requirement appears to be substantially increased in pregnancy - at the center of it * is contained in beetroot which helps in the normal tissue growth - many foods and in multivitamin supplements - critical to the development of the nervous system of the fetus - crucial to prevent neural tube defects in the developing embryo - depleted through the use of many prescription drugs - effective in the treatment of certain anemias and sprue - especially important for women of childbearing age, pregnant or nursing - essential during pregnancy to prevent neural tubular defects in the developing fetus * is essential for DNA synthesis and cell division * is essential to a process that clears a substance called homocysteine from the blood - help the body grow and is vital for pregnant women and healty foetuses - neural tube development in the fetus - extremely important for pregnant women and women in their childbearing years * is found in a wide variety of foods, including liver and raw vegetables - citrus fruits, dark, leafy vegetables, beans, and peas - fortified breakfast cereals and breads - fresh, leafy green vegetables, beans, citrus fruits, brown rice, and liver - green leafy plants, citrus fruit, fruit juice and legumes * is found in leafy green vegetables, beans, tuna and eggs - greens, nuts, seeds and beans - vegetables and liver - liver, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans and some fruits * is found in orange juice, dark leafy green vegetables and peanuts - leafy green vegetables, beans, liver, and fortified grains - peanut butter, leafy green vegetables and oranges * is found in the germ in whole grains - wholes wheat toast, pita bread, pasta, orange and spinach - yeast, liver, green vegetables, whole grain cereals and many other foods * is found mainly in green leafy vegetables, asparagus and liver - orange juice, green leafy vegetables, and beans - naturally in leafy green vegetables, beans, tuna, eggs and other foods - to be deficient in people with depression - implicated indirectly in the prevention of cardiovascular disease * is important for brain function - neurologic functioning and detoxification - protein metabolism - the development of the fetus - women of all ages because it can help prevent heart disease and stroke - indicated in chronic hemolytic anemias due to increased requirements - involved in regulating homocysteine * is known for preventing birth defects - to be important in the development of the brain and spinal cord - lost in foods stored at room temperature and during cooking - metabolized into different forms in the body - much more likely to bind to a cancer than to normal tissues or a benign tumor * is necessary for the synthesis of nucleic acids and the formation of red blood cells - to prevent spina bifida - needed both before pregnancy and during early pregnancy * is needed for DNA synthesis - cell growth and protein synthesis in the rapidly growing baby - healthy brain and spinal cord development very early in the pregnancy - the health of the mucus membranes in the mouth - in the first weeks of pregnancy for spinal development - to make purines - nontoxic in doses exceeding the daily requirement by several hundred-fold - obtained from fruits, vegetables, beans and fortified grain products - one chemical that appears to be particularly important * is one of the B vitamins - vitamins in the B-complex * is only one of the many nutrients required for health * is present in foods such as green vegetables, liver, and yeast - nearly all natural foods but can be damaged, or weakened, during cooking - relatively inexpensive and often is included in multivitamin supplements - required for transferring single carbon units - safe and also prevents some serious birth defects in pregnant women - supplemented to help prevent anemia and potential pregnancy problems - taken in tablet form once a day and has few side effects - the form used in supplements and to fortify foods * is the man-made form of an important vitamin called folate - or synthetic form of the vitamin - version of a B vitamin called folate - most prominent human vitamin deficiency - number-one ingredient in making a healthy baby - only vitamin that operates directly on genes * is the supplemental folacin form usually added to feeds - form of folate - synthetic B-vitamin form used in vitamin supplements * is the synthetic form added to vitamins and enriched foods - of folate or folacin, which is found in food * is the term for the synthetic form of folate, a water-soluble vitamin - used when a food is fortified with the vitamin * is used biochemically for nucleic acid synthesis and for other one-carbon transfers - to make red blood cells and important proteins like DNA - useful in the treatment of folic acid anemia - very important during pregnancy * is very important in brain development, and in preventing birth defects - to reduce the chance of birth defects in babies - well-known for preventing birth defects when taken in proper doses by pregnant women * key ingredient in preventing serious birth defects - vitamin in human nutrition * necessary element needed for correct neural tube development. * needs for breeding and growth of nonhuman primates. * occurs naturally in leafy vegetables like spinach and in orange juice and liver - some foods and can also be taken in tablet form * offers protection from neural tube damage in unborn babies. * plays a major role in lowering homocysteine levels - an important role in the prevention of neural tube birth defects * precursor for essential co- enzymes. * preventative measure. * prevents birth defects - serious neurological conditions like spina bifida * produces many health benefits. * promotes the formation and maintenance of healthy gums and prevents periodontal disease - synthesis of the oxygen-carrying blood protein hemoglobin * reduces the chances of certain birth defects - level of an amino acid called homocysteine that clogs arteries * reduces the risk of neurological birth defects - spinal defects * seems to be the most important single nutrient in providing protection - play the key role in lowering homocysteine - protect the brain's central learning and reasoning regions from shrinkage * special vitamin that can help prevent birth defects. * supplement found in vegetables such as broccoli. * type of vitamin, which is essential for the development of the foetus. * very important vitamin as it controls functions for cell division. * very safe B-vitamin * vital B vitamin - nutrient for cell division * vitamin essential for human growth and development. * vitamin that is essential for all new cell formation - needed in pregnancy - stimulates the formation of normal red blood cells * vitamin, found in fruit and vegetables, which everyone needs to help make blood. * water-soluble vitamin, and any excess consumed is rapidly excreted in the urine - it can be produced by bacteria in the intestine * works during cell growth.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Fumaric acid * enhances performance of broiler chickens. * is acid Gibberellic acid * can play an important role in seed germination. * flower inducer that takes the place of a cold period. * is chemical compounds - one of the most important and common gibberellins in plants - produced in the terminals of shoots and acts to increase cell elongation - the plant hormone that is responsible for plant tallness * share one growth response with the auxins. * simpler way to provide freeze rescue to plants.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Glutamic acid * 'non-essential' classified amino acid that is very common in plants and animals. * combines with ammonia to become glutamine. * is amino acid - an amino acid that is present in our bodies naturally - biosynthesized from a number of amino acids including ornithine and arginine - just one of many amino acids that are the building blocks of proteins - one of several amino acids which are the main components of proteins * is one of the amino acids which make up proteins - major excitatory molecules in the brain * major biotransformation product of endothall under aerobic conditions. * nonessential amino acid that the body uses to build proteins. * serves as fuel for the brain and calms the central nervous system. * very polar molecule usually found outside of proteins and enzymes.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Humic acid * are present in all natural water used as sources of drinking water supplies - vital to normal plant growth including pest resistance * can have a direct positive effect on plant growth in a number of ways - then absorb the proteins in the dead algae, trapping the nitrogen * contribute to better tilth, water and nutrient retention, and soil aeration. * grow more and better tomatos with better flavor and shelf life and at a very low cost. * growth stimulant and a chelating agent. * have properties similar to oxidized lignins. * humic substance * increase the protein and mineral contents of most crops. * is an example of an organic acid in that it is formed from carbon-based compounds - available in liquid and dry forms from specialty nurseries - soluble in dilute alkaline solutions, and is precipitated by acidification - used in a large number of commercially profitable enterprises * precipitate in acidic solution, but fulvic acids remain soluble. * reduce bioaccumulation of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. * serve many complex purposes in the soil. * stimulates seed germination and viability, and root respiration, formation and growth. * work in the low weight fraction on the cellular level.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Hyaluronic acid * enhances the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction of macaque sperm. * helps the joints produce good joint fluid. * is chemical compounds - expensive but popular - increased by estrogen - influenced by nutrition and other environmental factors - metabolized by hyaluronidase in synovium - needed to cushion and lubricate joints, eyes, skin and heart valves * major component of synovial fluid, which aids in the lubrication of the joints. * natural component of cartilage and joint fluid - polysaccharide and lubricates and cushions the joint * naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan - substance found in the synovial fluid * newer medication for joint injection, used to treat osteoarthritis of the knee. * occurs naturally in body tissues and fluids * provides a steay mousture source to dry skin. * provides lubrication and helps prevents erosion of the cartilage - to the synovial membrane surface Hydrocyanic acid * inhibits cellular respiration and the animal's ability to use oxygen. - both inflammable and explosive - cyanide - inorganic compounds - more soluble in water than acetic acid - pure substances - toxic substances * penetrates into the skin, the mucous membranes, and the bodily fluids. * weaker acid than acetic acid.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Hydroflouric acid * can cause extreme damage to the exygen sensor, catalyst and exhaust system. * is highly corrosive and can eat away at lung tissue. Hydrogen chloride * Most hydrogen chloride released into the air by natural sources comes from volcanoes. * is acid Hydroxycitric acid * is extracted from the pericarp of Garcinia cambogia. * slows the deposition of fat from carbohydrates. Hypoiodous acid * is unstable to disproportionation - very unstable + Hypoiodous acid, Properties: Acids :: Iodine compounds * Hypoiodous acid is very unstable. It easily disproportionates to iodine and iodic acid. It is a disinfectant and oxidizing agent.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Lactic acid * Some lactic acid builds up in meat - muscles * Some lactic acid enters blood streams * Some lactic acid is produced by bacteria - starter bacteria - prevents growth * acccumulates when a muscle is overworked. * accumulates during exercise - in the muscle tissue as a fish is played * acts on the protein in the milk to make yoghurt thick and sour. * build up in muscles inhibits muscle contractions - leads to the symptoms of trematol poisoning * builds up as anaerobic respiration switches on, and it can quickly become toxic - in the muscles, causing that sore and tired feeling * by product of metabolism that is formed during exercise. * by-product of anaerobic energy production - glycolysis * byproduct of energy metabolism - glucose metabolism * can cause sore muscles - reach toxic levels, causing muscle cramps and fatigue, in stressed muscle groups * causes cramp - muscle stiffness and soreness - muscles to hurt - rigor mortis - soreness when it builds up in muscles - the muscle pain when one runs too fast for too long * contributes to better digestibility of the bread product and gives it a unique flavour - fatigue in muscle and oxygen debt, and the liver eventually reconverts * creates efficient fermentation because it is stronger than the volatile acids. * cuts down on endurance. * forms as a by-product of energy production by the muscles - in milk due to the action of fungi and bacteria acting on the lactose sugar * has two enantiomers. * helps produce growth hormone. * increases in the active muscles. * interferes with the muscles ability to contract. * is also very hydrating - an acidulant that adds tartness and controls acidity * is an alpha-hydroxy acid with keratolytic properties - example of a weak acid - carboxylic acid - chemical compounds - converted back to pyruvic acid by liver cells - especially effective in combating pathogenic bacteria * is formed in some microbes as well as in the muscle cells - when carbohydrates break down, usually during exercise * is one of the most effective AHAs and has the lowest irritation potential - way of keeping all the cells, brain and muscle, going - only temporaly * is present after working a muscle, producing natural growth hormone - in most foods, and, of course, is present throughout our bodies * is produced by muscles as they run out of oxygen over prolonged bouts of exercise - the microbial fermentation of sugars such as glucose or hexose - during exercise when the demand for oxygen in muscles exceeds the supply * is produced in animals and is associated with muscle fatigue - large quantities by heavy, high physical loads - response to the alkalosis of hyperventilation * is produced in the muscles during intense activity - presence of decreased oxygen - more readily during anaerobic exercise, like sprinting - when glucose is metabolized through the energy production cycle - ten-times stronger than proprionic acid - the alpha hydroxy acid found in milk * is the main acid in milk and has a much lighter taste - cause of enamel decalcification - most stable and most palatable of all common silage-produced acids - predominant volatile fatty acid in the best-quality silage - primary cause of muscle soreness - waste product of exercise that enhances fatigue and muscular soreness * is toxic in large amounts, and therefore produces fatigue - to many cells and leads to muscle fatigue - what causes muscles to burn after strenuous exercise * metabolite formed in the body during muscular activity. * milder acid than malic acid. * natural constituent of the human body and has several proven functionalities. * naturally occurring organic acid, which is present in sour milk and molasses. * normal byproduct of muscle metabolism. * primary component in the skin's natural buffer system. * producing bateria produce mainly lactate as a metabolite from glucose. * registered disinfectant. * represents a small fraction of the chemicals of commerce in the United States. * seems to be a better compound to rub on twice daily. * strong acid that has been implicated with fatigue. * ubiquitous product of energy metabolism. * waste product or toxin that causes muscle to fatigue and ultimately fail. + Enantiomer: Stereochemistry + Yoghurt: Dairy products * Yogurt', or 'yoghurt', is a dairy product made by bacterial fermentation of milk. The lactose in the milk becomes lactic acid when it is fermented. Lactic acid acts on the protein in the milk to make yoghurt thick and sour. Yoghurt made from cow's milk is called dairy yoghurt. It is produced using a culture of 'Lactobacillus delbrueckii' subsp. Soy yoghurt is made from soy milk.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Lansoprazole * are drugs. * inhibits gastric acid secretion - the metabolism of theophylline * is acid - stable when exposed to light for up to two months * works by decreasing the amount of acid produced by the stomach. Lauric acid * has the beneficial function of being formed into monolaurin in the body. * is fatty acid * medium chain fatty acid, found naturally in mother's milk. Lipoteichoic acid * are teichoic acids that are linked to the underlying cell membrane. * mediates the bacterial attachment. Lysophosphatidic acid * decreases glutamate and glucose uptake by astrocytes. * enhances contractility of isolated airway smooth muscle. * induces necrosis and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons - urokinase secretion by ovarian cancer cells * possesses dual action in cell proliferation. Muratic acid * can give a sever burn to skin or eyes. * is technical grade hydrochloric acid that can be purchased at building supply stores.<\|endoftext\|>### acid: Nitric acid * Most nitric acid is used in fertilizer as ammonium nitrate and in the manufacture of explosives. * are dangerous and mercury is poisonous. * can also be a product of incineration for energy production or waste disposal - be an environmental hazard in water systems and as NOx in air emissions - cause burns * contributes to acid rain. * dissolves it, though, to make silver nitrate. * has a corrosive impact on marine life - many uses including industrial uses and fertilizers * is absorbed quickly and can cause widespread damage to the body and death - chemical compounds - inorganic compounds - ionic compounds - liquids - toxic substances * reddens it, and when the mixture is heated, oxalic acid is formed. + Silver, Properties, Chemical properties: Metals :: Chemical elements * It is not reactive. It does not dissolve in most acids. Nitric acid dissolves it, though, to make silver nitrate. It does react with strong oxidizing agents like potassium dichromate or potassium permanganate. It does not corrode easily. It only corrodes when there is hydrogen sulfide in the air. Then, it forms a black coating known as tarnish. Nitrous acid * deaminates a cytosine base to uracil which can base pair with adenine. - an unstable compound which is prepared just prior to use - chemical compounds - formed, but it reacts further with acid to make water and the nitrosyl cation * reacts in various with all types of amines. Orotic acid * accumulates in the blood and is excreted in the urine. * is an intermediate in pyrimidine metabolism - the synthesis of the pyrimidines Oxyacid * contain polyatomic anions such as nitrite, carbonate, etc. * have the acidic proton attached to an oxygen atom. * is acid Palmitic acid * is chemical compounds - the major fatty acid in palm oil - very common in animal fats * saturated fatty acid, which has been shown to raise blood cholesterol. Peracetic acid * causes more rapid scission and produces more acid groups than peroxide. * disinfectant produced by reacting hydrogen peroxide with acetic acid. * is also reportedly sensitive to light - irritant to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes * more potent germicide than is hydrogen peroxide. * very effective oxidant and disinfecting agent. Perchloric acid * can also form explosive mixtures with organic compounds - be dangerously reactive - leave explosive residues in a fume hood, duct system, or on a hood fan * commonly used laboratory reagent. * hazardous chemical which is covered by the rules of the preceding section. - an extremely dangerous, powerful oxidizer - very corrosive to all living tissue * powerful oxidizing agent.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Periodic acid * is acid - found as a colorless solution + Periodic acid, Properties: Iodine compounds :: Acids * Periodic acid is found as a colorless solution. It is a strong oxidizing agent, like perchloric acid. It breaks down when heated to iodine pentoxide and oxygen, as well as water. It does not form I2O7. It is found as HIO4 in dilute solution and H5IO6 in concentrated solution. When H5IO6 is heated, it turns into HIO4.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid: Phenol * Some phenols are sold as dietary supplements - have antiseptic properties, while others disrupt endocrine activity - occur naturally in the environment. * is produced from petroleum. It is an important molecule because it can be used to make many other products. It is also used in detergents and herbicides * affects the central nervous system, liver, and kidneys. * also give a negative test. * are acidic due to the dissociability of their -OH group - antiseptic and kill bacteria and viruses and are found in oregano and thyme oil - caustic, poisonous, acidic compounds - chemical compounds - coal-tar derivatives - found in the natural world, especially in the plant kingdom - hardest to get rid of, because they are more difficult to decompose - organic compounds - simple molecules, made of a few oxygen and hydrogen atoms - the blue, blue-red and violet colorations seen in berries, grapes and purple eggplant - very good at killing gram positive bacteria - weak acids which are widely used for their antiseptic and disinfectant properties * can also cause severe damage to eyes, including blindness - reactions including convulsions, coma, and circulatory collapse - catch on fire - do electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions very well - have positive effects when used for medical reasons - penetrate leather on shoes or clothing * carbolic acid and reacts highly acidic and works like a strong cell poison. * causes nerve destruction by inducing protein precipitation - severe burns when it comes in contact with skin * chemically interact with many other substances. * combustible liquid. * compounds Some phenol compounds are also available. * constitutes one of the main pollutants to be removed from wastewater. * denatures proteins. * extract extensively. * give a brown color or precipitate as a positive test. * helps lower the risk by preventing fat-like substances from oxidizing and clogging arteries. * highly effective disinfectant and anesthetic for the skin. * is absorbed easily into the body through the skin, lungs, and stomach * is also a powerful disinfectant and bacteria killer - recoverable byproduct of coal pyrolysis - flammable - harmful * is an agent that injures the local nerve it has been injected close to - colorless when solved in water but presents a characteristic sweet tar like odor - considered to be the parent chain - corrosive to the skin and mucous membranes - derived from the distillation of coal tar, creosote from the distillation of wood - found naturally in decaying dead organic matter like rotting vegetables and in coal - good sclerosant * is highly corrosive and can be absorbed through skin - toxic and highly combustible - less acidic than the other molecule - reduced to benzene when it is distilled with zinc dust - regarded as a substance with good warning properties - so inexpensive that it attracts many small-scale uses * is the deepest peel - prime ingredient in Epoxy - strongest of the chemical solutions and produces a deep peel - transported as a solid or in gel form - very soluble in water and is quite flammable * monoprotic acid. * often have chiral centers. * peels, for example, can alter the color of the skin and permanently make it lighter. * produced by high temperature fermentation are also to be avoided. * therefore exists essentially entirely in the enol form. * turns red on exposure to sunlight and air because of oxidation. * weak acid material and corosive. + Phenol, Properties, Reactions: Organic compounds * Phenol can do electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions very well. This is because the lone pair on the oxygen atom can give electrons through the benzene ring to an electrophile. Because the lone pair is so high in energy however, sometimes phenol reacts too many times.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### acid \| phenol: Cresol * are a widely occurring natural and manufactured group of chemicals. * smell like medicine. Resorcinol * are chemical compounds - phenols * can withstand a wide range of useful temperatures when cured. * contains solvents which evaporate. * high value additive used in the manufacture of tyres. * is also strong and has moderate gap-filling properties - an effective anti-septic also found in ointments to treat infections and rashes - the primary agent for bonding steel belts to the rubber in steel-belted radial tires - water-soluble and readily conjugated and eliminated Tannic acid * acts as an astringent. * can help in the formation of blood clots. * constricts blood vessels. * forms in the leaf. * gives the acorns their bitter taste. * imparts a bitter taste. * is an astringent that helps proteins solidify - believed to work well - one of the main economic products obtained from galls - used to denature mite allergens in carpeting * neutralizes the allergens in dust mite and animal dander. * precipitates it completely from aqueous solution	{ "source": "generics_kb" }

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