Bakuna
{{Infobox medical intervention|name=Bakuna|image=Smallpox vaccine.jpg|caption=An bakuna para sa ''smallpox'' asin an mga kagamitan sa pagbulong kaini.|alt=|pronounce=|synonyms=|ICD10=|ICD9=|ICD9unlinked=|MeshID=D014612|LOINC=|other_codes=|MedlinePlus=|eMedicine=}}

An '''bakuna''' ([[Ingles]]: ''vaccine'') iyo sarong biyolohikal na preparasyon na minatao nin aktibong nagunong imunidad sa sarong partikular na nakakaulakit na kahelangan.<ref name="Immunisation Handbook">{{cite web|title=Vaccine preventable diseases|url=https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/vaccine-preventable-diseases|publisher=Australian Government Department of Health|access-date=2021-02-23|archive-date=2020-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128142118/https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/vaccine-preventable-diseases|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="iac39">{{cite journal|title=Expanded Practice Standards|journal=Iowa Administrative Code|date=2019|url=https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/iac/rule/657.39.11.pdf}}</ref> An sarong bakuna iyo tipikal na igwang sarong biyolohikal na preparasyon hale sa [[Mikroorganismo|mikroorganismong]] nagkakawsa nin kahelangan, o poon kan ika-21 na siglo, sintetikong namokna na kaparehas niya. An preparasyong ini iyo harus nahimo hale sa nagluya o nagadan na porma nin mga mikrobyo, mga toksin kaini, o saro sa mga [[protina]] kaini sa luwas. An ahente pig-istimula an [[sistemang immuno]] kan hawak ngarig mabisto an ahente bilang sarong banta sagkod magpoon maghimo nin antibodies laban digdi, dagos para mabisto pang maray asin madistroso an maski anong mikroorganismo na relatibo sa ahente na saiyang pupuwedeng makaengkwentro sa futuro. An mga bakuna pwedeng magin ''prophylactic'' (ngarig malikayan o mapauswag an mga epekto nin sarong futurong impeksyon kan sarong natural o "maisog" na [[patoheno]]), o  ''therapeutic'' (ngarig malaban an sarong kahelangan na iyo nangyayari na, arug kan [[kanser]]).<ref name="pmid26214521">{{cite journal|vauthors=Melief CJ, van Hall T, Arens R, Ossendorp F, van der Burg SH|title=Therapeutic cancer vaccines|journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=125|issue=9|pages=3401–12|date=September 2015|pmid=26214521|pmc=4588240|doi=10.1172/JCI80009}}</ref><ref name="pmid26861670">{{cite journal|vauthors=Bol KF, Aarntzen EH, Pots JM, Olde Nordkamp MA, van de Rakt MW, Scharenborg NM, de Boer AJ, van Oorschot TG, Croockewit SA, Blokx WA, Oyen WJ, Boerman OC, Mus RD, van Rossum MM, van der Graaf CA, Punt CJ, Adema GJ, Figdor CG, de Vries IJ, Schreibelt G|title=Prophylactic vaccines are potent activators of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and drive effective anti-tumor responses in melanoma patients at the cost of toxicity|journal=Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy|volume=65|issue=3|pages=327–39|date=March 2016|pmid=26861670|pmc=4779136|doi=10.1007/s00262-016-1796-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Brotherton J|title=HPV prophylactic vaccines: lessons learned from 10 years experience|journal=Future Virology|volume=10|issue=8|pages=999–1009|year=2015|doi=10.2217/fvl.15.60}}</ref><ref name="pmid24748633">{{cite journal|vauthors=Frazer IH|title=Development and implementation of papillomavirus prophylactic vaccines|journal=Journal of Immunology|volume=192|issue=9|pages=4007–11|date=May 2014|pmid=24748633|doi=10.4049/jimmunol.1490012|doi-access=free}}</ref>

An administrasyon nin mga bakuna iyo an inaapod na [[baksinasyon.]] An baksinasyon iyo pinakaepektibong paagi sa paglikay sa mga nakakaulakit na kahelangan;<ref>* United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011). [https://www.cdc.gov/oid/docs/ID-Framework.pdf ''A CDC framework for preventing infectious diseases.''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829133723/https://www.cdc.gov/oid/docs/ID-Framework.pdf|date=2017-08-29}} Accessed 11 September 2012. "Vaccines are our most effective and cost-saving tools for disease prevention, preventing untold suffering and saving tens of thousands of lives and billions of dollars in healthcare costs each year."
* American Medical Association (2000). [http://www.immunizationinfo.org/es/pressroom/2000-06-01/vaccines-and-infectious-diseases-putting-risk-perspective ''Vaccines and infectious diseases: putting risk into perspective.''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205193837/http://www.immunizationinfo.org/es/pressroom/2000-06-01/vaccines-and-infectious-diseases-putting-risk-perspective|date=2015-02-05}} Accessed 11 September 2012. "Vaccines are the most effective public health tool ever created."
* Public Health Agency of Canada. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/vpd-mev/index-eng.php ''Vaccine-preventable diseases.''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150313131826/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/vpd-mev/index-eng.php|date=2015-03-13}} Accessed 11 September 2012. "Vaccines still provide the most effective, longest-lasting method of preventing infectious diseases in all age groups."
* United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). [http://virtualbiosecuritycenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Library-NIAID-Biodefense-Research-Agenda-for-Category-B-and-C-Priority-Pathogens.pdf ''NIAID Biodefense Research Agenda for Category B and C Priority Pathogens.''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065419/http://virtualbiosecuritycenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Library-NIAID-Biodefense-Research-Agenda-for-Category-B-and-C-Priority-Pathogens.pdf|date=2016-03-04}} Accessed 11 September 2012. "Vaccines are the most effective method of protecting the public against infectious diseases."</ref> mahiwasang imunidad huli sa baksinasyon iyo may dakulang ambag para sa pankinabang pagdaog nin smallpox asin an restriksyon nin mga kahelangan arug kan [[polio]], tigdas, sagkod [[tetanus]] sa kadaklan nin kinaban. An pag-epekto nin baksinasyon iyo mahiwas na pig-aadalan sagkod pigbeberipika;<ref name="NYT-20201120">{{cite news|last=Zimmer|first=Carl|author-link=Carl Zimmer|title=2 Companies Say Their Vaccines Are 95% Effective. What Does That Mean? You might assume that 95 out of every 100 people vaccinated will be protected from Covid-19. But that's not how the math works.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/20/health/covid-vaccine-95-effective.html|date=20 November 2020|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=21 November 2020}}</ref> halimbawa, an mga bakuna na probadong epektibo iyo kabali an sa influenza,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Vaccines for Pandemic Influenza|vauthors=Fiore AE, Bridges CB, Cox NJ|journal=Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.|year=2009|isbn=978-3-540-92164-6|series=Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology|volume=333|pages=43–82|chapter=Seasonal influenza vaccines|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3_3|pmid=19768400}}</ref> an bakunang HPV,<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Chang Y, Brewer NT, Rinas AC, Schmitt K, Smith JS|title=Evaluating the impact of human papillomavirus vaccines|journal=Vaccine|volume=27|issue=32|pages=4355–62|date=July 2009|pmid=19515467|doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.008}}</ref> sagkod an para sa otos.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Liesegang TJ|title=Varicella zoster virus vaccines: effective, but concerns linger|journal=Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology|volume=44|issue=4|pages=379–84|date=August 2009|pmid=19606157|doi=10.3129/i09-126|s2cid=662998|url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/7a8870d019b79f046138cca99b6301e9fcd9d4d1}}</ref> An [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) nagheras na an mga lisensyadong bakuna iyo presenteng yayaon sa 25 na mga manlainlain na nalilikayang impeksyon.<ref>World Health Organization, [https://www.who.int/immunization/global_vaccine_action_plan/GVAP_doc_2011_2020/en/ Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011-2020.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414035449/http://www.who.int/immunization/global_vaccine_action_plan/GVAP_doc_2011_2020/en/|date=2014-04-14}} Geneva, 2012.</ref>

An mga terminong Ingles na ''vaccine'' asin ''vaccination'' iyo gikan sa ''Variolae vaccinae'' (''smallpox'' nin baka), an termino iyo namokna ni Edward Jenner (na parehas nahaman an konsepto nin mga bakuna asin enot na nakagibo nin bakuna) ngarig madenota an ''cowpox''. Ginamit niya an taramon kaidtong 1798 para sa halabang titulo kan saiyang ''Inquiry into the Variolae vaccinae Known as the Cow Pox'', kun sain pigsaladawan niya an protektibong epekto nin cowpox laban sa smallpox.<ref name="Baxby1999">{{cite journal|vauthors=Baxby D|title=Edward Jenner's Inquiry; a bicentenary analysis|journal=Vaccine|volume=17|issue=4|pages=301–7|date=January 1999|pmid=9987167|doi=10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00207-2}}</ref> Kaidtong 1881, ngarig tawanan nin onra si Jenner, si [[Louis Pasteur]] nagsabi an mga termino dapat iyo pahiwason ngarig ibali an mga bagong protektibong inokulasyon na iyo kaidto pighahaman pa sana.<ref name="Pasteur1881">{{cite journal|last=Pasteur|first=Louis|name-list-style=vanc|title=Address on the Germ Theory|journal=Lancet|year=1881|volume=118|issue=3024|pages=271–72|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(02)35739-8}}</ref>

== Hilingon man ==

* [[Birus]]
* [[Mikroorganismo]]
* [[COVID-19]]

== Panluwas na takod ==
{{external media
| align  = right
| width  = 300px
| video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mq-PgsVY-VU Modern Vaccine and Adjuvant Production and Characterization], Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News
}}
* {{curlie|Health/Pharmacy/Drugs_and_Medications/Vaccines_and_Antisera|Vaccines and Antisera}}
* [http://www.emro.who.int/entity/vpi/ WHO Vaccine preventable diseases and immunization]
* [https://www.who.int/immunization/documents/positionpapers/en/ World Health Organization position papers on vaccines]
* [http://www.historyofvaccines.org/ The History of Vaccines], from the College of Physicians of Philadelphia
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160411114041/https://www.conted.ox.ac.uk/courses/professional/staticdetails.php?course=227 University of Oxford Vaccinology Programme: a series of short courses in vaccinology]

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{agham-poon}}
[[Kategorya:Medisina]]
An bakuna (Ingles: vaccine) iyo sarong biyolohikal na preparasyon na minatao nin aktibong nagunong imunidad sa sarong partikular na nakakaulakit na kahelangan. An sarong bakuna iyo tipikal na igwang sarong biyolohikal na preparasyon hale sa mikroorganismong nagkakawsa nin kahelangan, o poon kan ika-21 na siglo, sintetikong namokna na kaparehas niya. An preparasyong ini iyo harus nahimo hale sa nagluya o nagadan na porma nin mga mikrobyo, mga toksin kaini, o saro sa mga protina kaini sa luwas. An ahente pig-istimula an sistemang immuno kan hawak ngarig mabisto an ahente bilang sarong banta sagkod magpoon maghimo nin antibodies laban digdi, dagos para mabisto pang maray asin madistroso an maski anong mikroorganismo na relatibo sa ahente na saiyang pupuwedeng makaengkwentro sa futuro. An mga bakuna pwedeng magin prophylactic (ngarig malikayan o mapauswag an mga epekto nin sarong futurong impeksyon kan sarong natural o "maisog" na patoheno), o  therapeutic (ngarig malaban an sarong kahelangan na iyo nangyayari na, arug kan kanser).

An administrasyon nin mga bakuna iyo an inaapod na baksinasyon. An baksinasyon iyo pinakaepektibong paagi sa paglikay sa mga nakakaulakit na kahelangan;* United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011). A CDC framework for preventing infectious diseases.  Accessed 11 September 2012. "Vaccines are our most effective and cost-saving tools for disease prevention, preventing untold suffering and saving tens of thousands of lives and billions of dollars in healthcare costs each year."
 American Medical Association (2000). Vaccines and infectious diseases: putting risk into perspective.  Accessed 11 September 2012. "Vaccines are the most effective public health tool ever created."
 Public Health Agency of Canada. Vaccine-preventable diseases.  Accessed 11 September 2012. "Vaccines still provide the most effective, longest-lasting method of preventing infectious diseases in all age groups."
 United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). NIAID Biodefense Research Agenda for Category B and C Priority Pathogens.  Accessed 11 September 2012. "Vaccines are the most effective method of protecting the public against infectious diseases." mahiwasang imunidad huli sa baksinasyon iyo may dakulang ambag para sa pankinabang pagdaog nin smallpox asin an restriksyon nin mga kahelangan arug kan polio, tigdas, sagkod tetanus sa kadaklan nin kinaban. An pag-epekto nin baksinasyon iyo mahiwas na pig-aadalan sagkod pigbeberipika; halimbawa, an mga bakuna na probadong epektibo iyo kabali an sa influenza, an bakunang HPV, sagkod an para sa otos. An World Health Organization (WHO) nagheras na an mga lisensyadong bakuna iyo presenteng yayaon sa 25 na mga manlainlain na nalilikayang impeksyon.World Health Organization, Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011-2020.  Geneva, 2012.

An mga terminong Ingles na vaccine asin vaccination iyo gikan sa Variolae vaccinae (smallpox nin baka), an termino iyo namokna ni Edward Jenner (na parehas nahaman an konsepto nin mga bakuna asin enot na nakagibo nin bakuna) ngarig madenota an cowpox. Ginamit niya an taramon kaidtong 1798 para sa halabang titulo kan saiyang Inquiry into the Variolae vaccinae Known as the Cow Pox, kun sain pigsaladawan niya an protektibong epekto nin cowpox laban sa smallpox. Kaidtong 1881, ngarig tawanan nin onra si Jenner, si Louis Pasteur nagsabi an mga termino dapat iyo pahiwason ngarig ibali an mga bagong protektibong inokulasyon na iyo kaidto pighahaman pa sana.

 Hilingon man 

 Birus
 Mikroorganismo
 COVID-19

 Panluwas na takod 

 
 WHO Vaccine preventable diseases and immunization
 World Health Organization position papers on vaccines
 The History of Vaccines, from the College of Physicians of Philadelphia
University of Oxford Vaccinology Programme: a series of short courses in vaccinology

 Toltolan 

Kategorya:Medisina