Leonhard Euler
{{Infobox scientist|name=Leonhard Euler|thesis_url=http://eulerarchive.maa.org/pages/E002.html|footnotes=Siya an ama kan matematikong si [[Johann Euler]].<ref name=mathg>{{MathGenealogy|id=38586}}</ref><br />Nalista siya kan sarong akademikong henelohiya bilang kaparehas sa doktoral na taga-abiso na si Joseph Louis Lagrange.|spouse=Katharina Gsell (1734–1773)<br>Salome Abigail Gsell (1776–1783)|prizes=|notable_students=[[Nicolas Fuss]]<br>[[Stepan Rumovsky]]<br>[[Joseph-Louis Lagrange]] (epistolaryong korespondante)|doctoral_students=[[Johann Hennert]]|doctoral_advisor=[[Johann Bernoulli]]|thesis_year=1726|thesis_title=Dissertatio physica de sono (Physical dissertation on sound)|image=Leonhard Euler.jpg|alma_mater=University of Basel (MPhil)|work_institutions=Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences]]<br />Berlin Academy|field=[[Matematika]] asin [[pisika]]|death_place=Saint Petersburg, Emperyong Russo|death_date={{death date and age|df=y|1783|9|18|1707|4|15}}<br /><small><nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Adoption of the Gregorian calendar#Adoption in Eastern Europe|OS]]: 7 Septembre 1783<nowiki>]</nowiki></small>|birth_place=Basel, Switzerland|birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1707|4|15}}|caption=Pagkurit ni Jakob Emanuel Handmann (1753)|signature=Euler's signature.svg}}

Si '''Leonhard Euler''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɔɪ|l|ər}} {{respell|OY|lər}};<ref>The pronunciation {{IPAc-en|ˈ|juː|l|ər}} is incorrect. "Euler", Oxford English Dictionary, second edition, Oxford University Press, 1989 [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Euler "Euler"], Merriam–Webster's Online Dictionary, 2009. [http://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=Euler%2C+Leonhard&submit.x=40&submit.y=16 "Euler, Leonhard"], The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, fifth edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 2011. {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/netspuzzlespostm00higg|title=Nets, Puzzles, and Postmen: An Exploration of Mathematical Connections|author=Peter M. Higgins|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|page=[https://archive.org/details/netspuzzlespostm00higg/page/n51 43]|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>However, in the Swiss variety of Standard German with audible /r/: {{IPA-de|ˈoʏlɛr}}</ref> 15 Abril 1707 -18 Septembre 1783) sarong Swiss na matematiko, pisiko, astronomo, heograpo, lohiko asin inhinyero na naggibo nin importante asin impluwensiyal na pagkadiskobre sa ibang mga sanga nin [[matematika]], arog kan [[infinitisimong kalkulus]] asin [[teorya nin grapo]], mientras naggigibo nin mga pangenot na kontribusyon sa ibang mga sanga arog nin [[topolohiya]] asin analitikong [[teorya nin bilang]].

Pinamidbid niya man an mga modernong terminolohiya asin notasyon, partikular na sa matematikang analisis, arog kan nosyon nin sarong matematikang function.<ref name="function">Dunham, William (1999). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=uKOVNvGOkhQC Euler: The Master of Us All]''. Mathematical Association of America. ISBN <bdi>978-0-88385-328-3</bdi>.</ref> Popular man siya sa saiyang mga kagibohan sa [[mekanika]], [[pluwidong dinamika]], [[optika]], [[astronomiya]], asin [[teorya nin musika]].<ref name=eulerarch>{{cite web|url=http://eulerarchive.maa.org/pages/E033.html |author=Saint Petersburg |title=Tentamen novae theoriae musicae ex certissimis harmoniae principiis dilucide expositae |date=1739  }}</ref>

== Mga toltolan ==
{{reflist}}

=== Mga ginikanan ===

* {{cite journal|last=Calinger|first=Ronald|year=1996|title=Leonhard Euler: The First St. Petersburg Years (1727–1741)|journal=Historia Mathematica|volume=23|issue=2|pages=121–66|doi=10.1006/hmat.1996.0015}}
* {{cite book|url=http://press.princeton.edu/titles/10531.html|title=Leonhard Euler: Mathematical Genius in the Enlightenment|last=Calinger|first=Ronald|date=2016|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-11927-4}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uKOVNvGOkhQC|title=Euler: The Master of Us All|last=Dunham|first=William|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|year=1999|isbn=978-0-88385-328-3}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ta9bz1wv79AC|title=Euler and Modern Science|last1=Gekker|first1=I. R.|last2=Euler|first2=A. A.|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|year=2007|isbn=978-0-88385-564-5|editor1-last=Bogolyubov|editor1-first=Nikolaĭ Nikolaevich|translator=Robert Burns|chapter=Leonhard Euler's family and descendants|editor2-last=Mikhaĭlov|editor2-first=G. K.|editor3-last=Yushkevich|editor3-first=Adolph Pavlovich}}

== Magbasa pa lalo ==
{{refbegin|60em}}
* ''Lexikon der Naturwissenschaftler'', (2000), Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tK_KRmTf9nUC|title=Euler at 300: An Appreciation|last1=Bradley|first1=Robert E.|last2=D'Antonio|first2=Lawrence A.|last3=Sandifer|first3=Charles Edward|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|year=2007|isbn=978-0-88385-565-2}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UdGBy8iLpocC|title=Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics 1640–1940|last=Demidov|first=S.S.|publisher=Elsevier|year=2005|isbn=978-0-08-045744-4|editor1-last=Grattan-Guinness|editor1-first=Ivor|editor1-link=Ivor Grattan-Guinness|pages=191–98|chapter=Treatise on the differential calculus|ref={{harvid|Grattan-Guinness|2005}}|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UdGBy8iLpocC&pg=PA191}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A6by_UpQikIC|title=The Genius of Euler: Reflections on his Life and Work|last=Dunham|first=William|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|year=2007|isbn=978-0-88385-558-4}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UdGBy8iLpocC&pg=PA168|title=Leonhard Euler's 1744 book on the calculus of variations|last=Fraser|first=Craig G.|date=11 February 2005|isbn=978-0-08-045744-4}} In {{harvnb|Grattan-Guinness|2005|pp=168–80}}
* {{cite journal|title=Leonhard Euler: his life, the man, and his works|author=Gautschi, Walter|author-link=Walter Gautschi|year=2008|journal=SIAM Review|volume=50|issue=1|pages=3–33|doi=10.1137/070702710|bibcode=2008SIAMR..50....3G|url=http://www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/wxg/EulerLect.pdf|citeseerx=10.1.1.177.8766}}
* Hascher, Xavier and Papadopoulos, Athanase (editors). 2015. ''Leonhard Euler : Mathématicien, physicien et théoricien de la musique'', Paris, CNRS Editions, 2015, 516 p. ({{isbn|978-2-271-08331-9}})
* Heimpell, Hermann, Theodor Heuss, Benno Reifenberg (editors). 1956. ''Die großen Deutschen'', volume 2, Berlin: Ullstein Verlag.
* {{cite journal|last1=Krus|first1=D.J.|date=November 2001|title=Is the normal distribution due to Gauss? Euler, his family of gamma functions, and their place in the history of statistics|url=http://www.visualstatistics.net/Statistics/Euler/Euler.htm|journal=Quality & Quantity|volume=35|issue=4|pages=445–46|doi=10.1023/A:1012226622613|s2cid=118992165|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060210125807/http://www.visualstatistics.net/Statistics/Euler/Euler.htm|archive-date=10 February 2006|df=dmy-all}}
* {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/dreulersfabulous0000nahi|title=Dr. Euler's Fabulous Formula: Cures Many Mathematical Ills|last=Nahin|first=Paul J.|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-691-11822-2|url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UdGBy8iLpocC&pg=PA181|title='Introduction' to analysis|last=Reich|first=Karin|date=11 February 2005|isbn=978-0-08-045744-4}} In {{harvnb|Grattan-Guinness|2005|pp=181–90}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KUYLhOVkaV4C|title=Euler's Gem: The Polyhedron Formula and the Birth of Topology|last=Richeson|first=David S.|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-691-12677-7|author-link=David Richeson}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CvBxLr_0uBQC|title=The Early Mathematics of Leonhard Euler|last=Sandifer|first=C. Edward|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|year=2007|isbn=978-0-88385-559-1}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sohHs7ExOsYC|title=How Euler Did It|last=Sandifer|first=C. Edward|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|year=2007|isbn=978-0-88385-563-8}}
* {{cite book|title=The giant book of scientists: The 100 greatest minds of all time|last=Simmons|first=J.|publisher=The Book Company|year=1996|isbn=978-1-86309-647-8|location=Sydney}}
* {{cite book|title=Fermat's Last Theorem|title-link=Fermat's Last Theorem (book)|last=Singh|first=Simon|publisher=Fourth Estate|year=1997|isbn=978-1-85702-669-6|location=New York|author-link=Simon Singh}}
* {{cite book|title=Mathematics and the Historian's Craft: The Kenneth O. May Lectures|last=Thiele|first=Rüdiger|publisher=Springer|year=2005|isbn=978-0-387-25284-1|editor1-last=Kinyon|editor1-first=Michael|pages=81–140|chapter=The mathematics and science of Leonhard Euler|editor2-last=van Brummelen|editor2-first=Glen|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZTedZtwYMoC&pg=PA81+}}
* {{cite journal|date=November 1983|title=A Tribute to Leohnard Euler 1707–1783|journal=[[Mathematics Magazine]]|volume=56|issue=5}}
* {{cite book|title=Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest Unsolved Problem in Mathematics|title-link=Prime Obsession|last=Derbyshire|first=John|publisher=John Henry Press|year=2003|isbn=978-0-309-08549-6|location=Washington, DC}}.
{{refend}}

== Panluwas na takod ==

* {{Commons category-inline}}
* [http://www.maa.org/news/howeulerdidit.html How Euler did it]
* [http://eulerarchive.maa.org/ Euler Archive]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130513144319/http://portail.mathdoc.fr/cgi-bin/oetoc?id=OE_EULER_1_2 Leonhard Euler – Œuvres complètes] Gallica-Math
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110520092329/http://www.leonhard-euler.ch/ Euler Committee of the Swiss Academy of Sciences]
* [http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/Euler.html References for Leonhard Euler]
* [http://www.euler-2007.ch/en/index.htm Euler Tercentenary 2007]
* [http://www.eulersociety.org/ The Euler Society]
* [http://www.math.dartmouth.edu/~euler/historica/family-tree.html Euler Family Tree]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110518054936/http://friedrich.uni-trier.de/oeuvres/20/219/ Euler's Correspondence with Frederick the Great, King of Prussia]
* [http://digitalcollections.ucsc.edu/cdm/search/collection/p265101coll10/searchterm/Leonhard%20Euler/order/title Portrait of Leonhard Euler from the Lick Observatory Records Digital Archive, UC Santa Cruz Library's Digital Collections] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313063902/http://digitalcollections.ucsc.edu/cdm/search/collection/p265101coll10/searchterm/Leonhard%20Euler/order/title|date=13 March 2017}}
* Euler's (1769–1771) [http://lhldigital.lindahall.org/cdm/search/searchterm/Euler%2C%20Leonhard%2C%201707-1783.!dioptricae/field/creato!title/mode/exact!all/conn/and!and/order/nosort ''Dioptricae, 3 vols.''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330072318/http://lhldigital.lindahall.org/cdm/search/searchterm/Euler%2C%20Leonhard%2C%201707-1783.!dioptricae/field/creato!title/mode/exact!all/conn/and!and/order/nosort |date=2017-03-30 }}
* An [https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/euler/ Euler Archive] sa University of the Pacific
{{tamboan}}
Si Leonhard Euler ( ;The pronunciation  is incorrect. "Euler", Oxford English Dictionary, second edition, Oxford University Press, 1989 "Euler", Merriam–Webster's Online Dictionary, 2009. "Euler, Leonhard", The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, fifth edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 2011. However, in the Swiss variety of Standard German with audible /r/:  15 Abril 1707 -18 Septembre 1783) sarong Swiss na matematiko, pisiko, astronomo, heograpo, lohiko asin inhinyero na naggibo nin importante asin impluwensiyal na pagkadiskobre sa ibang mga sanga nin matematika, arog kan infinitisimong kalkulus asin teorya nin grapo, mientras naggigibo nin mga pangenot na kontribusyon sa ibang mga sanga arog nin topolohiya asin analitikong teorya nin bilang.

Pinamidbid niya man an mga modernong terminolohiya asin notasyon, partikular na sa matematikang analisis, arog kan nosyon nin sarong matematikang function.Dunham, William (1999). Euler: The Master of Us All. Mathematical Association of America. ISBN 978-0-88385-328-3. Popular man siya sa saiyang mga kagibohan sa mekanika, pluwidong dinamika, optika, astronomiya, asin teorya nin musika.

 Mga toltolan 

 Mga ginikanan 

 
 
 
 

 Magbasa pa lalo 

 Lexikon der Naturwissenschaftler, (2000), Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.
 
 
 
  In 
 
 Hascher, Xavier and Papadopoulos, Athanase (editors). 2015. Leonhard Euler : Mathématicien, physicien et théoricien de la musique, Paris, CNRS Editions, 2015, 516 p. ()
 Heimpell, Hermann, Theodor Heuss, Benno Reifenberg (editors). 1956. Die großen Deutschen, volume 2, Berlin: Ullstein Verlag.
 
 
  In 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .

 Panluwas na takod 

 
 How Euler did it
 Euler Archive
 Leonhard Euler – Œuvres complètes Gallica-Math
 Euler Committee of the Swiss Academy of Sciences
 References for Leonhard Euler
 Euler Tercentenary 2007
 The Euler Society
 Euler Family Tree
 Euler's Correspondence with Frederick the Great, King of Prussia
 Portrait of Leonhard Euler from the Lick Observatory Records Digital Archive, UC Santa Cruz Library's Digital Collections 
 Euler's (1769–1771) Dioptricae, 3 vols. 
 An Euler Archive sa University of the Pacific