Fentanyl
{{Infobox droga|Watchedfields=changed|verifiedrevid=443760208|image=Fentanyl2DCSD.svg|image2=Fentanyl-xtal-3D-balls.png

<!--Names-->|pronounce=/ˈfɛntənɪl/ or /ˈfɛntənəl/|tradename=Actiq, Duragesic, Fentora, others|synonyms=|IUPAC_name=''N''-phenyl-''N''-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]propanamide

<!--External links-->|Drugs.com={{drugs.com|monograph|fentanyl-citrate}}|MedlinePlus=a605043

<!--Clinical data-->|class=[[Opioid]]|pregnancy_AU=C|routes_of_administration=[[Oral mucosa|Buccal]], [[epidural]], [[Intramuscular injection|IM]], [[Intrathecal administration|IT]], [[Intravenous therapy|IV]], [[sublingual]], [[Transdermal patch|skin patch]]|onset=5 minutes<ref name=Cl2010>{{cite book|title=Clinically Oriented Pharmacology|date=2010|publisher=Quick Review of Pharmacology|page=172|edition=2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PaOhT_4zBL8C&pg=PA172}}</ref>|duration_of_action={{Abbr|IV|Intravaneous}}: 30–60 minutes<ref name=Cl2010 /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://rcp.nshealth.ca/sites/default/files/clinical-practice-guidelines/fentanyl.pdf |title=Guideline for administration of fentanyl for pain relief in labour |publisher=RCP |access-date=7 October 2015 |quote=Onset of action after IV administration of Fentanyl is 3–5 minutes; duration of action is 30–60 minutes. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100402/http://rcp.nshealth.ca/sites/default/files/clinical-practice-guidelines/fentanyl.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref>|dependency_liability=High<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bonewit-West |first1=Kathy |last2=Hunt |first2=Sue A. |last3=Applegate |first3=Edith |title=Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures |date=2012 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=9781455701506 |page=571 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YalYPI1KqTQC&pg=PA571 |language=en |access-date=2020-08-06 |archive-date=2020-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728034412/https://books.google.com/books?id=YalYPI1KqTQC&pg=PA571 |url-status=live }}</ref>|legal_AU=S8|legal_BR=Class A1|legal_CA=Schedule I|legal_DE=Anlage III|legal_UK=Class A|legal_US=Schedule II|legal_status=|DailyMedID=Fentanyl|licence_EU=yes

<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->|bioavailability=92% (transdermal)<br />89% (intranasal)<br />50% (buccal)<br />33% (ingestion)<br/>100% (intramuscular)/> 55% (inhaled)|protein_bound=80–85%|metabolism=[[Liver]], primarily by [[CYP3A4]]|elimination_half-life={{Abbr|IV|Intravaneous}}: 6&nbsp;mins (T1/2 α)<br /> 1&nbsp;hours (T1/2 β)<br /> 16&nbsp;hours (T1/2 ɣ)<br />Intranasal: 6.5&nbsp;hours<br />Transdermal: 20–27&nbsp;hours<ref name=AHFS2017>{{cite web|title=Fentanyl, Fentanyl Citrate, Fentanyl Hydrochloride|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/fentanyl-fentanyl-citrate-fentanyl-hydrochloride.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214015004/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/fentanyl-fentanyl-citrate-fentanyl-hydrochloride.html|archive-date=14 December 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br />Sublingual/buccal (single dose): 2.6–13.5&nbsp;hours<ref name=AHFS2017 />|excretion=Mostly urinary (metabolites, <10% unchanged drug)<ref name=AHFS2017 />

<!--Chemical data-->|C=22|H=28|N=2|O=1|SMILES=O=C(CC)N(C1CCN(CC1)CCc2ccccc2)c3ccccc3|StdInChI_Ref={{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|StdInChI=1S/C22H28N2O/c1-2-22(25)24(20-11-7-4-8-12-20)21-14-17-23(18-15-21)16-13-19-9-5-3-6-10-19/h3-12,21H,2,13-18H2,1H3|StdInChIKey_Ref={{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|StdInChIKey=PJMPHNIQZUBGLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N|density=1.1|melting_point=87.5}}

An '''fentanyl''', sinusurat man bilang '''fentanil''', sarong klase nin opioid na ginagamit pampawara nin kulog, siring man kan ibang bulong arog kan anesthesia.  Ginagamit man ini bilang sarong recreational na droga, na pighahalo sa heroina o cocaine. Igwa ini nin marikas na epekto asin nagtatagal nin saro hasta sa duwang oras. Sa medisina ginagamit ini sa paagi nin injection, nasal spray, skin patch o pinapasagum sa may pisngi (transmucosal) bilang lozenge o tabletas.

Kabali sa pirang epekto kaini iyo an pagsuka, paglain kan tulak, pagkatungka, kawaran nin pokus, halusinasyon, asin mga kulog hawak o rungas dara kan maluyang koordinasyon kan hawak. <ref name="SFX2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.drugs.com/sfx/fentanyl-side-effects.html|title=Fentanyl Side Effects in Detail - Drugs.com}}</ref> An seryosong epekto kaini iyo an pagluya kan hinangos (respiratory depression), serotonin syndrome, pagbaba kan pressure kan dugo, adiksyon, o kaya man coma.<ref name="SFX2018" /> Ini nag-eepekto sa paagi kan pag-aaktibar kan [[:en:Mu_opioid_receptor|μ-opioid]] receptors.<ref name="AHFS2017" /> Sanggatos na beses ining mas makusog sa morpina, asin kaagid man ini kan carfentanil asin siring na mas makusog pa nin 10,000 na beses. 

An Fentanyl inot na ginibo ni Paul Janssen kan 1960 asin inaprubahan sa medikal na paggamit sa Estados Unidos kan taon 1968. Kan 2015, nasa 1,600 kilogramo (3,500 lb) an ginamit kaini sa healthcare sa intirong kinaban. <ref name="UN2016">{{Cite book|url=https://www.incb.org/documents/Narcotic-Drugs/Technical-Publications/2016/Narcotic_Drugs_Publication_2016.pdf|title=Narcotic Drugs Estimated World Requirements for 2017 Statistics for 2015|date=2016|publisher=United Nations|isbn=978-92-1-048163-2|location=New York|page=40|access-date=14 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022041515/https://www.incb.org/documents/Narcotic-Drugs/Technical-Publications/2016/Narcotic_Drugs_Publication_2016.pdf|archive-date=22 October 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Hasta 2017, an fentanyl lakupan na ginagamit bilang synthetic opioid sa medisan. An Fentanyl patches para sa kulog dara kan cancer yaun nakalista sa World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO21st">{{Cite book|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|publisher=World Health Organization|year=2019|location=Geneva|hdl=10665/325771|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO|author-link=World Health Organization|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Kan 2016, an fentanyl asin analogoes saro sa pinakapirming rason kan pagkagadan huli sa panganang gamit sa Estados Unidos na nagsusuma sa 20,000, kabanga sa pagkagadan dara kan paggamit kan opioid. Kadaklan kan pagkagadan na ini dara kan ilegal na ginibong fentanyl.

Para sa 100 microgram na vial, an presyo kaini sa wholesale sa nagtatalubo pa sanang mga nasyun nag-aabot sa {{US$}}0.66 kan 2015. Kan 2017, an presyo kaini sa Estados Unidos nag-abot sa {{US$}}0.49 para sa nasabing sukol. Sa US, an 800 mcg na tableta mas 6.75  na beses na mas mahal sa lozenge puon pa kan 2020. Kan 2017, nasa ika-250 ini sa lista kan pirming ipigreresetang bulong sa Estados Unidos, na halos igwa nin 1.7 milyon na preskripsyon.

== Toltolan ==
<references />{{Tamboan}}
An fentanyl, sinusurat man bilang fentanil, sarong klase nin opioid na ginagamit pampawara nin kulog, siring man kan ibang bulong arog kan anesthesia.  Ginagamit man ini bilang sarong recreational na droga, na pighahalo sa heroina o cocaine. Igwa ini nin marikas na epekto asin nagtatagal nin saro hasta sa duwang oras. Sa medisina ginagamit ini sa paagi nin injection, nasal spray, skin patch o pinapasagum sa may pisngi (transmucosal) bilang lozenge o tabletas.

Kabali sa pirang epekto kaini iyo an pagsuka, paglain kan tulak, pagkatungka, kawaran nin pokus, halusinasyon, asin mga kulog hawak o rungas dara kan maluyang koordinasyon kan hawak.  An seryosong epekto kaini iyo an pagluya kan hinangos (respiratory depression), serotonin syndrome, pagbaba kan pressure kan dugo, adiksyon, o kaya man coma. Ini nag-eepekto sa paagi kan pag-aaktibar kan μ-opioid receptors. Sanggatos na beses ining mas makusog sa morpina, asin kaagid man ini kan carfentanil asin siring na mas makusog pa nin 10,000 na beses. 

An Fentanyl inot na ginibo ni Paul Janssen kan 1960 asin inaprubahan sa medikal na paggamit sa Estados Unidos kan taon 1968. Kan 2015, nasa 1,600 kilogramo (3,500 lb) an ginamit kaini sa healthcare sa intirong kinaban.  Hasta 2017, an fentanyl lakupan na ginagamit bilang synthetic opioid sa medisan. An Fentanyl patches para sa kulog dara kan cancer yaun nakalista sa World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Kan 2016, an fentanyl asin analogoes saro sa pinakapirming rason kan pagkagadan huli sa panganang gamit sa Estados Unidos na nagsusuma sa 20,000, kabanga sa pagkagadan dara kan paggamit kan opioid. Kadaklan kan pagkagadan na ini dara kan ilegal na ginibong fentanyl.

Para sa 100 microgram na vial, an presyo kaini sa wholesale sa nagtatalubo pa sanang mga nasyun nag-aabot sa 0.66 kan 2015. Kan 2017, an presyo kaini sa Estados Unidos nag-abot sa 0.49 para sa nasabing sukol. Sa US, an 800 mcg na tableta mas 6.75  na beses na mas mahal sa lozenge puon pa kan 2020. Kan 2017, nasa ika-250 ini sa lista kan pirming ipigreresetang bulong sa Estados Unidos, na halos igwa nin 1.7 milyon na preskripsyon.

 Toltolan