Transnistria
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
| common_name            = Transnistria
| native_name            = {{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:95%;
 | <hr/>{{native name|ru|Приднестро́вская Молда́вская Респу́блика|italic=no}}<br />{{resize|80%|{{nobold|{{transliteration|ru|Pridnestróvskaya Moldávskaya Respúblika}}}}}}
 | <hr/>{{native name|ro|Republica Moldovenească Nistreană}}<br />{{resize|80%|{{nobold|{{lang|ro|Република Молдовеняскэ Нистрянэ}} ([[Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet|Moldovan Cyrillic]])}}}}
 | <hr/>{{native name|uk|Придністро́вська Молда́вська Респу́бліка|italic=no}}<br />{{resize|80%|{{nobold|{{transliteration|uk|Prydnistróvska Moldávska Respúblika}}}}}}
 }}
| status                 = [[List of states with limited recognition|Unrecognised state]]
| image_flag             = Flag of Transnistria (state).svg
| image_flag2            = Flag of Transnistria (Russian tricolour).svg
| flag_type              = [[Flag of Transnistria|Co-official flags]]{{efn|Transnistria adopted a white-blue-red tricolor flag in 2017, which is almost identical to the [[flag of Russia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20170412/1492102043.html|title=В ПМР российский флаг разрешили использовать наравне с государственным|date=12 April 2017|publisher=RIA Novosti|language=ru}}</ref> but with an aspect ratio of 1:2 instead of 2:3.}}
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Transnistria.svg
| national_anthem        = <br />{{lang|ru|Мы славим тебя, Приднестровье}}<br />{{transliteration|ru|My slavim tebya, Pridnestrovie}}<br />"[[Anthem of Transnistria|We Sing the Praises of Transnistria]]"<ref>{{cite news|title=Hopes Rise in Transnistria of a Russian Annexation|newspaper=Der Spiegel|date=24 April 2014|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/transnistria-soviet-leftover-or-russian-foothold-in-europe-a-965801.html|access-date=25 November 2018|quote=The breakaway region has its own military, its own constitution, a national anthem (called "We Sing the Praises of Transnistria") and a symphony orchestra which is known abroad.|last1=Smoltczyk|first1=Alexander}}</ref>{{parabr}}{{center| }}
| image_map              = Transnistria in Europe (zoomed).svg
| capital                = [[Tiraspol]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|46|50|25|N|29|38|36|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = capital
| official_languages     = {{unbulleted list|[[Russian language|Russian]]<sup>a</sup>|[[Moldovan language|Moldovan]]<sup>|[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]}}
| languages_type         = [[Lingua franca|Interethnic<br />language]]
| languages              = [[Russian language|Russian]]<ref name="OSCE2011">{{cite web |url=http://www.osce.org/pc/81039?download=true |title=On the situation of Russian schools in Moldova| publisher=[[OSCE]] |date=14 July 2011}}</ref><ref name="Law of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic on the Functioning of Languages on the Territory of the Moldavian SSR">{{cite web |url=http://usefoundation.org/view/436 |title=Law of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic on the Functioning of Languages on the Territory of the Moldavian SSR |publisher=U.S. English Foundation Research |date=2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921034927/http://usefoundation.org/view/436 |archive-date=21 September 2016 }}</ref><ref name="KOR">{{cite web |url=http://korrespondent.net/world/1539496-russkij-yazyk-v-moldove-mozhet-poteryat-svoj-status|title=Russian language in Moldova could lose their status (Русский язык в Молдове может потерять свой статус)| publisher=KORRESPONDENT |date=6 April 2013}}</ref>
| ethnic_groups          = {{unbulleted list
 | 29.1% [[Russians]]
 | 28.6% [[Moldovans]]{{efn|It is a matter of [[Controversy over ethnic and linguistic identity in Moldova|controversy]] whether Moldovans are the same as [[Romanians]] or a distinct ethnic group.}}
 | 22.9% [[Ukrainians]]
 | 2.4% [[Bulgarians]]
 | 1.1% [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]]
 | 0.5% [[Belarusians]]
 | 0.2% Transnistrians
 | 1.4% others
 | (14% did not specify)
 }}
| ethnic_groups_year     = [[2015 Transnistrian census|2015]]
| demonym                = {{unbulletedlist|class=nowrap|Transnistrian|Pridnestrovian}}
| government_type        = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Presidential system|presidential]] [[republic]]
| leader_title1          = [[President of Transnistria|President]]
| leader_name1           = [[Vadim Krasnoselsky]]
| leader_title2          = [[Prime Minister of Transnistria|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2           = [[Aleksandr Rozenberg]]
| leader_title3          = [[Supreme Council (Transnistria)#List of speakers|Speaker of the Supreme Council]]
| leader_name3           = [[Alexander Korshunov]]
| legislature            = [[Parliament of Transnistria|Supreme Council]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[List of states with limited recognition|Unrecognised state]]
| established_event1     = [[Transnistrian Declaration of Independence|Independence]] from [[Moldavian SSR|SSR of Moldova]] declared
| established_date1      = 2 September 1990
| established_event2     = Independence from [[Soviet Union]] declared
| established_date2      = 25 August 1991
| established_event3     = Succeeds the [[Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
| established_date3      = 5 November 1991<ref>The Supreme Soviet changed the official name of the republic from Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic to Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic on 5 November 1991. See: "Postanovlenie verkhovnogo soveta Pridnestrovskoi Moldavskoi Respubliki ob izmenenii nazvaniia respubliki," ''Dnestrovskaia pravda'', 6 November 1991, 1.</ref>
| established_event4     = [[Transnistria War]]
| established_date4      = 2 March{{snd}}1 July 1992
| area_km2               = 4163
| area_rank              = <!-- 172 see hereafter-->
| area_sq_mi             = 1607 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water          = 2.35
| population_census      = {{decreaseNeutral}} 475,373<ref name="2015census"/>
| population_estimate    = {{decreaseNeutral}} 347,251 (Moldovan estimate)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gov.md/ro/content/peste-338-mii-de-locuitori-din-regiunea-transnistreana-detin-cetatenia-republicii-moldova|title=Peste 338 mii de locuitori din regiunea Transnistria, dețin cetățenia Republicii Moldova|publisher=Guvernul Republicii Moldova (Biroul Politici de Reintegrare)|website=www.gov.md/ro| date=3 January 2022 |access-date=3 January 2022}}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = January 2022
| population_estimate_rank = 
| population_census_year = 2015
| population_density_km2 = 73.5
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| population_density_rank = 
| GDP_nominal            = $1.0 billion
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2012<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/osw-commentary/2013-05-16/aided-economy-characteristics-transnistrian-economic-model |title=An aided economy. The characteristics of the Transnistrian economic model |publisher=Osw.waw.pl |date= 16 May 2013|accessdate=2022-06-24}}</ref>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $2,000
| GDP_PPP                = 
| GDP_PPP_year           = 
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| Gini                   = <!--number only-->
| Gini_year              = 
| Gini_change            = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref               = 
| HDI                    = <!--number only-->
| HDI_year               = 
| HDI_change             = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref                = 
| currency               = [[Transnistrian rubla|Rubla]]
| currency_code          = PRB
| time_zone              = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset             = +2
| utc_offset_DST         = +3
| time_zone_DST          = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| calling_code           = [[Telephone numbers in Transnistria|+373]]<sup>c</sup>
| footnote_a             = Russian is the main official language.
| footnote_b            = +373 5 and +373 2.
}}
An '''Transntitria''', opisyal na an '''Republikang Moldava Pridnestroviana''', iyo an sarong dai minimidbid na masuway na estado na ibinalik sa internasyonal na paagi bilang kabtang kan Moldova. Kontrolado kan Transnistria an kadaklan sa hayakpit na daga sa pag - oltanan kan salog nin Dniester asin kan linderos nin Moldovan-Ukrainian, saka nin daga sa ibong na tampi kan pangpang kan salog. An kabisera asin pinakadakulang siyudad kaini iyo an Tiraspol. An Transnistria naresibe sana kan tolo pang dai pigbibisto o parsiyal na rekonsiyonaryong mga estado: Abkhazia, Artsakh asin South Ossetia. An Transnistria opisyalmente pigdesignar kan Republika nin Moldova bilang Administratibo-Territorial Units kan Walang Tampi kan Dniester (Romano: Unit ⁇ le Administrativ-Teritoriale din stînga Nistrului) o bilang Stînga Nistrului ("Left Bank of the Dniester").<ref>Law No. 173 from 22 July 2005 "About main notes about special legal status of settlements of left bank of Dnestr (Transnistria)": [http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=313004&lang=1 Romanian] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115201524/http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=313004&lang=1 |date=2013-01-15 }}, [http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=313004&lang=2 Russian] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115201603/http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=313004&lang=2 |date=2013-01-15 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Security Dynamics in the Former Soviet Bloc|last=Herd, Graeme P.|last2=Moroney, Jennifer D. P.|publisher=Routledge|year=2003|isbn=0-415-29732-X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Democratic Consolidation in Eastern Europe|last=Zielonka|first=Jan|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2001|isbn=0-19-924409-X}}</ref> An Konsilyo nin Europa ibinibilang an teritoryo na nasa militar na pananakop kan Rusya.

An ginikanan kan rehiyon masususog sa Autonomong Republikang Sosyalista kan Moldova Sobyet, na nabilog kan 1924 sa laog kan Ukraniano SSR. Durante kan Guerra Mundial II, an Unyon Sobyet nag - ako nin mga kabtang kan Moldavian ASSR, na nawara, asin kan Kahadean kan Bessarabia nin Romania tanganing mabilog an Republika Sosyalista kan Moldova Sobyet kan 1940. An presenteng kasaysayan kan rehiyon na dating petsa kan 1990, durante kan pagkatunaw kan Unyon Sobyet, kan an Pridnestrovian na Republikang Sosyalista kan Sobyet maestablisar sa paglaom na iyan magdadanay sa laog kan Unyon Sobyet maninigong hagadon ni Moldova an pagkasararo sa Romania o independensia, an huri nangyari kan Agosto 1991. Dai nahaloy pakatapos kaiyan, nagpoon an ralaban militar sa pag - oltanan kan duwang lado kan Marso 1992 asin suminagkod sa pagpondo kan Hulyo kan taon na iyan.

Bilang kabtang kan kasundoan na pumundo an iriwal, an tolong-partido (Russia, Moldova, Transnistria) an Joint Control Commission an nagpapadalagan kan mga areglo sa seguridad sa demilitarisadong sona, na binibilog nin 20 lokalidad sa man-ibong-ibong na gilid kan salog. Maski ngani dai pa naresolberan an paontokan na kamugtakan sa politika kan teritoryo: An Transntitria sarong dai midbid alagad de facto independienteng republika na may sadiring gobyerno, parlamento, militar, pulis, sistema postal, kuwarta, asin rehistrasyon sa sasakyan.<ref>Article 55 of the [https://web.archive.org/web/20170519050154/http://president.gospmr.ru/pravovye-akty/konstitutsiya-pmr/ Constitution of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic]</ref><ref>Jos Boonstra, Senior Researcher, Democratisation Programme, FRIDE. </ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/russiacontinuity0000unse/page/174|title=Russia – Continuity and Change|last=Hinteregger, Gerald|last2=Heinrich, Hans-Georg|publisher=Springer|year=2004|isbn=3-211-22391-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/russiacontinuity0000unse/page/174 174]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Annuaire Europeen 2000/European Yearbook 2000|last=Rosenstiel, Francis|last2=Lejard, Edith|last3=Boutsavath, Jean|last4=Martz, Jacques|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|year=2002|isbn=90-411-1844-6}}</ref><ref name="DFSTATES">{{Cite book|title=De Facto States: The Quest for Sovereignty|last=Bartmann, Barry|last2=Tozun, Bahcheli|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|isbn=0-7146-5476-0}}</ref> An mga autoridad kaiyan nag - ako nin konstitusyon, bandera, himno nasyonal, asin ''coat of arms''. Pagkatapos kan 2005 na kasunduan sa pag - ultanan kan Moldova asin Ukraine, an gabos na kompanyang Transnistrian na naghihinguwang mag - eksportar sa linderos kan Ukraine dapat na irehistro kaiba kan mga awtoridad sa Moldova. An kasunduan na ini ipigimplementar pagkatapos kan European Union Border Assistant Mission to Moldova asin Ukraine (EUBAM) an nagkapot nin pwersa kan 2005. Kadaklan sa mga Transnitrians igwang pagkanamamanwaan nin Moldova, alagad dakol man an igwang Ruso, Romaniano, o Ucrainianong pagkanamamanwaan.<ref>''Der [[n-tv]] Atlas. ''</ref> An mga pangenot na etnikong grupo iyo an mga Ruso, Moldovas/Romanos, asin Ucrainiano.

An Transntitria, kaiba si [[Abkhazia]], [[Habagatan na Ossetia]], asin [[Artsakh]], sarong post-Soviet na "frozen conflict" na sona.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2006/05/mil-060523-rferl01.htm OSCE: De Gucht Discusses Montenegro Referendum, Frozen Conflicts], [http://www.globalsecurity.org/index.html GlobalSecurity.org], [http://www.rferl.org/ Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty], May 2006</ref> An apat na ini parsiyal na rinerekonoser o dai minimidbid na mga estado na ini nagpapadanay nin makikatood na relasyon sa lambang saro asin minabilog kan [[Komunidad para sa Demokrasya asin Diretso nin mga Nasyon]].

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}
{{stub}}
An Transntitria, opisyal na an Republikang Moldava Pridnestroviana, iyo an sarong dai minimidbid na masuway na estado na ibinalik sa internasyonal na paagi bilang kabtang kan Moldova. Kontrolado kan Transnistria an kadaklan sa hayakpit na daga sa pag - oltanan kan salog nin Dniester asin kan linderos nin Moldovan-Ukrainian, saka nin daga sa ibong na tampi kan pangpang kan salog. An kabisera asin pinakadakulang siyudad kaini iyo an Tiraspol. An Transnistria naresibe sana kan tolo pang dai pigbibisto o parsiyal na rekonsiyonaryong mga estado: Abkhazia, Artsakh asin South Ossetia. An Transnistria opisyalmente pigdesignar kan Republika nin Moldova bilang Administratibo-Territorial Units kan Walang Tampi kan Dniester (Romano: Unit ⁇ le Administrativ-Teritoriale din stînga Nistrului) o bilang Stînga Nistrului ("Left Bank of the Dniester").Law No. 173 from 22 July 2005 "About main notes about special legal status of settlements of left bank of Dnestr (Transnistria)": Romanian , Russian  An Konsilyo nin Europa ibinibilang an teritoryo na nasa militar na pananakop kan Rusya.

An ginikanan kan rehiyon masususog sa Autonomong Republikang Sosyalista kan Moldova Sobyet, na nabilog kan 1924 sa laog kan Ukraniano SSR. Durante kan Guerra Mundial II, an Unyon Sobyet nag - ako nin mga kabtang kan Moldavian ASSR, na nawara, asin kan Kahadean kan Bessarabia nin Romania tanganing mabilog an Republika Sosyalista kan Moldova Sobyet kan 1940. An presenteng kasaysayan kan rehiyon na dating petsa kan 1990, durante kan pagkatunaw kan Unyon Sobyet, kan an Pridnestrovian na Republikang Sosyalista kan Sobyet maestablisar sa paglaom na iyan magdadanay sa laog kan Unyon Sobyet maninigong hagadon ni Moldova an pagkasararo sa Romania o independensia, an huri nangyari kan Agosto 1991. Dai nahaloy pakatapos kaiyan, nagpoon an ralaban militar sa pag - oltanan kan duwang lado kan Marso 1992 asin suminagkod sa pagpondo kan Hulyo kan taon na iyan.

Bilang kabtang kan kasundoan na pumundo an iriwal, an tolong-partido (Russia, Moldova, Transnistria) an Joint Control Commission an nagpapadalagan kan mga areglo sa seguridad sa demilitarisadong sona, na binibilog nin 20 lokalidad sa man-ibong-ibong na gilid kan salog. Maski ngani dai pa naresolberan an paontokan na kamugtakan sa politika kan teritoryo: An Transntitria sarong dai midbid alagad de facto independienteng republika na may sadiring gobyerno, parlamento, militar, pulis, sistema postal, kuwarta, asin rehistrasyon sa sasakyan.Article 55 of the Constitution of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian RepublicJos Boonstra, Senior Researcher, Democratisation Programme, FRIDE.  An mga autoridad kaiyan nag - ako nin konstitusyon, bandera, himno nasyonal, asin coat of arms. Pagkatapos kan 2005 na kasunduan sa pag - ultanan kan Moldova asin Ukraine, an gabos na kompanyang Transnistrian na naghihinguwang mag - eksportar sa linderos kan Ukraine dapat na irehistro kaiba kan mga awtoridad sa Moldova. An kasunduan na ini ipigimplementar pagkatapos kan European Union Border Assistant Mission to Moldova asin Ukraine (EUBAM) an nagkapot nin pwersa kan 2005. Kadaklan sa mga Transnitrians igwang pagkanamamanwaan nin Moldova, alagad dakol man an igwang Ruso, Romaniano, o Ucrainianong pagkanamamanwaan.Der n-tv Atlas.  An mga pangenot na etnikong grupo iyo an mga Ruso, Moldovas/Romanos, asin Ucrainiano.

An Transntitria, kaiba si Abkhazia, Habagatan na Ossetia, asin Artsakh, sarong post-Soviet na "frozen conflict" na sona.OSCE: De Gucht Discusses Montenegro Referendum, Frozen Conflicts, GlobalSecurity.org, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, May 2006 An apat na ini parsiyal na rinerekonoser o dai minimidbid na mga estado na ini nagpapadanay nin makikatood na relasyon sa lambang saro asin minabilog kan Komunidad para sa Demokrasya asin Diretso nin mga Nasyon.

 Toltolan