Neutron
{{Infobox particle|bgcolour=|symbol=n, n<sup>0</sup>, N<sup>0</sup>|parity=+1|isospin=−1/2|spin=1/2|magnetic_polarizability=3.7(20)×10<sup>−4</sup> fm<sup>3</sup>|magnetic_moment=−0.96623650(23)×10<sup>−26</sup> J·T<sup>−1</sup><br /><!--
   -->−1.04187563(25)×10<sup>−3</sup> μ<sub>B</sub><br /><!--
   -->−1.91304273(45) μ<sub>N</sub>|electric_polarizability=1.16(15)×10<sup>−3</sup> fm<sup>3</sup>|electric_dipole_moment=< 2.9×10<sup>−26</sup> e⋅cm (pang-ibabaw na limitasyong eksperimental)|electric_charge=0 ''e''<br />
(−2±8)×10<sup>−22</sup> ''e'' (limitasyong eksperimental)|mean_lifetime=879.4(6) s (talingkas)<ref name="PDG Live: 2020 Review of Particle Physics">{{cite web |last1=Zyla |first1=P. A. |title=n MEAN LIFE |url=https://pdglive.lbl.gov/DataBlock.action?node=S017T |website=PDG Live: 2020 Review of Particle Physics |publisher=Particle Data Group |access-date=25 February 2021 |date=2020}}</ref>|mass=1.67492749804(95)×10<sup>−27</sup>kg<ref name="CODATA2018">"2018 CODATA recommended values" https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/index.html</ref><br /><!--
   -->939.56542052(54) MeV/c<sup>2</sup><ref name="CODATA2018"/><br /><!--
   -->1.00866491588(49) Da<ref name="2014 CODATA">Mohr, P.J.; Taylor, B.N. and Newell, D.B. (2014), [http://physics.nist.gov/constants "The 2014 CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants"] (Web Version 7.0). The database was developed by J. Baker, M. Douma, and S. Kotochigova. (2014). National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899.</ref>|discovered=[[James Chadwick]]<ref name="1935 Nobel Prize in Physics">[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1935/ 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics]. Nobelprize.org. Retrieved on 2012-08-16.</ref> (1932)|classification=Baryon|theorized=[[Ernest Rutherford]]<ref name="chemed.chem.purdue.edu">[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/history/rutherford.html Ernest Rutherford]. Chemed.chem.purdue.edu. Retrieved on 2012-08-16.</ref> (1920)|antiparticle=Antineutron|interaction=Grabidad, maluya, makusog, elektromagnetiko|generation=|group=Hadron|statistics=Fermionic|composition=1 up quark, 2 down quarks|num_types=|caption=An istrakturang quark nin neutron|image=[[File:Quark structure neutron.svg|250px]]|name=Neutron|condensed_symmetries=''I''(''J''<sup>''P''</sup>) = (1/2)(1<sup>+</sup>/2)}}

An '''neutron''' iyo sarong sub-atomikong partikulo, may simbolong n o n<sup>0</sup>, na iyo may neutral (bakong positibo o negatibo) na karga, sagkod masa na mas magabat nin kadikit sa [[proton]]. An mga proton asin neutron iyo an minabilog sa [[Atomikong nukleyus|nukleyus]] kan [[atomo]]. Huli ta an mga proton asin neutron may kaparehas na pag-uugali sa laog kan nukleyus, asin an kada gabat ninda iyo harus sarong atomikong masang yunit, sindang duwa iyo inaapod na nucleons.<ref name="Nuc">{{Citation|author1-last=Thomas|author1-first=A.W.|author2-last=Weise|author2-first=W.|title=The Structure of the Nucleon|publisher=Wiley-WCH, Berlin|date=2001|isbn=978-3-527-40297-7}}</ref> An saindang karakter asin interaksyon iyo pigpapaliwanag kan pisikang nukleyar.
 
An kimikal na karakter kan sarong atomo iyo harus pigpapahiling sa kumpigurasyon kan [[elektron]] na iyo minaikot sa magabat na nukleyus kan atomo. An elektronong kumpigurasyon iyo pigdedetermina nin karga kan nukleyus, na iyo pigdedetermina nin bilang kan proton o atomikong bilang. An bilang kan neutron iyo an "numerong neutron". An mga neutron iyo dae nakakaapekto sa elektronong kumpigurasyon, pero an kabilugan kan atomiko asin neutron na numero iyo an masa kan nukleyus.

An mga atomo kan sarong [[elementong kimikal]] na nalalain sana kan numerong neutron iyo inaapod na mga [[isotopo]]. Bilang halimbawa, an [[karbon]], na may atomikong bilang na 6, iyo may abundanteng isotopo na [[karbon-12]] na igwang 6 na neutron asin bihirang isotopo na karbon-13 na igwang 7 na neutron. An ibang elemento iyo nangyayari na may saro sanang pusog na isotopo, arug kan [[plurina]]. An ibang elemento man iyo nangyayari na may dakul na pusog na isotopo, arug kan [[lata]] na may sampolong pusog na isotopo.

An neutron iyo esensyal sa produksyon kan [[enerhiyang nukleyar]]. Sa dekada pagkatapos madiskobre ni [[James Chadwick]] an neutron kan 1932,<ref name="Chad1932">
{{cite journal|last=Chadwick|first=James|year=1932|title=Possible Existence of a Neutron|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|volume=129|page=312|doi=10.1038/129312a0|bibcode=1932Natur.129Q.312C|issue=3252|s2cid=4076465|doi-access=free}}</ref> an mga neutron iyo nagamit sa pagmokna nin nagkapirang manlainlain na klase nin nukleyar na transmutasyon. Sa pagkadiskobre kan nukleyar na pagsuway kan 1938,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1007/BF01488241|author1=Hahn, O.|author2=Strassmann, F.|name-list-style=amp|title=Über den Nachweis und das Verhalten der bei der Bestrahlung des Urans mittels Neutronen entstehenden Erdalkalimetalle|trans-title=On the detection and characteristics of the alkaline earth metals formed by irradiation of uranium with neutrons|journal=[[Die Naturwissenschaften]]|volume=27|issue=1|pages=11–15|year=1939|bibcode=1939NW.....27...11H|s2cid=5920336}}</ref> narealisar tulos na kun an kasibotang pagsuway iyo nakakamokna nin neutron, an kada neutron na ini pwedeng magkawsa nin padagos na kasibotang pagsuway sa kaskadong bisto bilang nukleyar na kadenang reaksyon.<ref>Glasstone, Samuel; Dolan, Philip J., eds. (1977), ''The Effects of Nuclear Weapons'' (3rd ed.), U.S. Dept. of Defense and Energy Research and Development Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office, ISBN 978-1-60322-016-3</ref> An mga kasibotan asin pagkadiskobre na ini an naghimo sa pinakaenot na nagsasadiring nukleyar na reaktro (Chicago Pile-1, 1942) sagkod an pinakaenot na nukleyar na armas (Trinity, 1945).

== Hilingon man ==

* [[Atomo]]
* [[Proton]]
* [[Elektron]]

==Padagos na pagbasa==
* James Byrne, ''Neutrons, Nuclei and Matter: An Exploration of the Physics of Slow Neutrons''. Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, 2011. {{ISBN|0486482383}}.
* Abraham Pais, ''Inward Bound'', Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986. {{ISBN|0198519974}}.
* Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, ''The Story of Spin'', The University of Chicago Press, 1997
* Herwig Schopper, ''Weak interactions and nuclear beta decay'', Publisher, North-Holland Pub. Co., 1966.
* [http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150107225156/http%3A//alsos.wlu.edu/qsearch.aspx?browse%3Dscience/Neutrons Annotated bibliography for neutrons from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues]

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}
{{agham-stub}}
[[Kategorya:Atomo]]
An neutron iyo sarong sub-atomikong partikulo, may simbolong n o n0, na iyo may neutral (bakong positibo o negatibo) na karga, sagkod masa na mas magabat nin kadikit sa proton. An mga proton asin neutron iyo an minabilog sa nukleyus kan atomo. Huli ta an mga proton asin neutron may kaparehas na pag-uugali sa laog kan nukleyus, asin an kada gabat ninda iyo harus sarong atomikong masang yunit, sindang duwa iyo inaapod na nucleons. An saindang karakter asin interaksyon iyo pigpapaliwanag kan pisikang nukleyar.
 
An kimikal na karakter kan sarong atomo iyo harus pigpapahiling sa kumpigurasyon kan elektron na iyo minaikot sa magabat na nukleyus kan atomo. An elektronong kumpigurasyon iyo pigdedetermina nin karga kan nukleyus, na iyo pigdedetermina nin bilang kan proton o atomikong bilang. An bilang kan neutron iyo an "numerong neutron". An mga neutron iyo dae nakakaapekto sa elektronong kumpigurasyon, pero an kabilugan kan atomiko asin neutron na numero iyo an masa kan nukleyus.

An mga atomo kan sarong elementong kimikal na nalalain sana kan numerong neutron iyo inaapod na mga isotopo. Bilang halimbawa, an karbon, na may atomikong bilang na 6, iyo may abundanteng isotopo na karbon-12 na igwang 6 na neutron asin bihirang isotopo na karbon-13 na igwang 7 na neutron. An ibang elemento iyo nangyayari na may saro sanang pusog na isotopo, arug kan plurina. An ibang elemento man iyo nangyayari na may dakul na pusog na isotopo, arug kan lata na may sampolong pusog na isotopo.

An neutron iyo esensyal sa produksyon kan enerhiyang nukleyar. Sa dekada pagkatapos madiskobre ni James Chadwick an neutron kan 1932, an mga neutron iyo nagamit sa pagmokna nin nagkapirang manlainlain na klase nin nukleyar na transmutasyon. Sa pagkadiskobre kan nukleyar na pagsuway kan 1938, narealisar tulos na kun an kasibotang pagsuway iyo nakakamokna nin neutron, an kada neutron na ini pwedeng magkawsa nin padagos na kasibotang pagsuway sa kaskadong bisto bilang nukleyar na kadenang reaksyon.Glasstone, Samuel; Dolan, Philip J., eds. (1977), The Effects of Nuclear Weapons (3rd ed.), U.S. Dept. of Defense and Energy Research and Development Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office, ISBN 978-1-60322-016-3 An mga kasibotan asin pagkadiskobre na ini an naghimo sa pinakaenot na nagsasadiring nukleyar na reaktro (Chicago Pile-1, 1942) sagkod an pinakaenot na nukleyar na armas (Trinity, 1945).

 Hilingon man 

 Atomo
 Proton
 Elektron

Padagos na pagbasa
 James Byrne, Neutrons, Nuclei and Matter: An Exploration of the Physics of Slow Neutrons. Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, 2011. .
 Abraham Pais, Inward Bound, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986. .
 Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, The Story of Spin, The University of Chicago Press, 1997
 Herwig Schopper, Weak interactions and nuclear beta decay, Publisher, North-Holland Pub. Co., 1966.
 Annotated bibliography for neutrons from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues

 Toltolan 

Kategorya:Atomo