Pythagoras
{{Infobox philosopher|name=Pythagoras|image=Pythagoras in the Roman Forum, Colosseum.jpg|alt=Marble bust of a man with a long, pointed beard, wearing a tainia, a kind of ancient Greek headcovering in this case resembling a turban. The face is somewhat gaunt and has prominent, but thin, eyebrows, which seem halfway fixed into a scowl. The ends of his mustache are long a trail halfway down the length of his beard to about where the bottom of his chin would be if we could see it. None of the hair on his head is visible, since it is completely covered by the tainia.|caption=Bust of Pythagoras of Samos in the<br>[[Capitoline Museums]], [[Rome]]{{sfn|Joost-Gaugier|2006|page=143}}|birth_date={{circa}} 570 BC|birth_place=[[Samos]]|death_date={{circa|lk=no}} 495 BC (aged around 75)<!--PLEASE SEE TALK BEFORE CHANGING DATE-->|death_place=either [[Crotone|Croton]] or [[Metapontum]]|era=[[Pre-Socratic philosophy]]|region=[[Western philosophy]]|school_tradition=[[Pythagoreanism]]|main_interests={{hlist |[[Ethics]] |[[Mathematics]] |[[Metaphysics]] |[[Music]] |[[Mysticism]] |[[Politics]] |[[Religion]]}}|notable_ideas={{ublist |[[Communalism]] |[[Metempsychosis]]| ''[[Musica universalis]]''}}<br>Attributed ideas: {{ublist |[[Geographical zone|Five climatic zones]] |[[Platonic solids|Five regular solids]] |[[Proportionality (mathematics)|Proportions]] |[[Pythagorean theorem]] |[[Pythagorean tuning]] |[[Spherical Earth|Sphericity of the Earth]] |[[Vegetarianism]]}}|influences={{hlist |[[Thales of Miletus|Thales]] |[[Anaximander]] |[[Pherecydes of Syros|Pherecydes]] |[[Themistoclea]] |[[Orphism (religion)|Orphism]]}}|influenced={{hlist |[[Pythagoreanism]]|[[Xenophanes]]|[[Empedocles]]|[[Plato]]}}}}Si '''Pythagoras kan Samos'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|US|p|ᵻ|ˈ|θ|æ|ɡ|ər|ə|s}},<ref name="Collins2">{{citation |url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/american/pythagoras?showCookiePolicy=true |title=American: Pythagoras |access-date=25 September 2014 |publisher=Collins Dictionary |date=n.d.}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|UK|p|aɪ|-}};<ref name="Collins">{{citation |url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/pythagoras?showCookiePolicy=true |title=British: Pythagoras |access-date=25 September 2014 |publisher=Collins Dictionary |date=n.d.}}</ref> {{lang-grc|Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος|Pythagóras ho Sámios|Pythagoras the [[Samos|Samian]]}}, or simply {{lang|grc|Πυθαγόρας}}; {{lang|grc|Πυθαγόρης}} in [[Ionian Greek]]}} ({{circa}} 570 – c. 495 BC){{efn|"The dates of his life cannot be fixed exactly, but assuming the approximate correctness of the statement of Aristoxenus (ap. Porph. ''V.P.'' 9) that he left Samos to escape the tyranny of Polycrates at the age of forty, we may put his birth round about 570 BC, or a few years earlier. The length of his life was variously estimated in antiquity, but it is agreed that he lived to a fairly ripe old age, and most probably he died at about seventy-five or eighty."<ref>[[William Keith Chambers Guthrie]], (1978), ''A history of Greek philosophy, Volume 1: The earlier Presocratics and the Pythagoreans'', p. 173. Cambridge University Press</ref>}}sarong sinaunang Griyegong  [[Ionians|Ionian]] na pilosopo asin nagmukna kan  [[Pythagoreanism]]. An saiyang politikal asin relihiyosong pagtukdo midbid sa [[Magna Graecia]] asin nakaimpluwensya sa mga pilosopiya ni  [[Plato]], [[Aristotle]], asin sa [[Western philosophy|Western na pilosopiya]]. 

== Ginikanan na Biograpikal ==
Mayong naisurat manungod ki Pythagorasan natada,{{sfn|Joost-Gaugier|2006|page=11}}{{sfn|Celenza|2010|page=796}}{{sfn|Ferguson|2008|page=4}} asin haros mayong naisurat mapadapit sa saiyang buhay.{{sfn|Ferguson|2008|pages=3–5}}{{sfn|Gregory|2015|pages=21–23}}{{sfn|Copleston|2003|page=29}} An pinakaenot na mapagkukunan sa saiyang buhay medyo halipot, dae klarado o satirikal[[Satire|l]].{{sfn|Ferguson|2008|page=4}}{{sfn|Kahn|2001|page=2}}{{sfn|Burkert|1985|page=299}} 

== Hilingon man ==

* [[Cosmos]]
* ''[[Ex pede Herculem]]''
* [[Isopsephy]] ([[gematria]])
* [[List of things named after Pythagoras]]
* [[Lute of Pythagoras]]
* [[Pythagoras tree (fractal)]]
* [[Pythagorean comma]]
* [[Pythagorean cup]]
* [[Pythagorean triple]]
* [[Pythagoras (sculptor)]]
* [[Sacred geometry]]

== Mga toltolan ==

=== Talababa ===
{{notelist}}

=== Pagsambit ===
{{Reflist|20em}}

=== Mga gibo ===
Igwang dikit na mga ginikanan na teksto mapadapit ki Pythagoras asin Pythagoreans; kadaklan manunumpungan sa iba-ibang dakit-taramon. 

Klasikong Ginikanan{{refbegin}}
*[[Diogenes Laërtius]], ''[[Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers|Vitae philosophorum VIII]]'' (''Lives of Eminent Philosophers''), c. 200 AD, which in turn references the [[lost work]] ''[[Successions of Philosophers]]'' by [[Alexander Polyhistor]] — {{cite LotEP|chapter=Pythagoras|mode=cs2}}
*[[Porphyry (philosopher)|Porphyry]], ''Vita Pythagorae'' (''Life of Pythagoras''), c. 270 AD — [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/pearse/morefathers/files/porphyry_life_of_pythagoras_02_text.htm ''Porphyry, Life of Pythagoras''], translated by [[Kenneth Sylvan Guthrie]] (1920)
*[[Iamblichus (philosopher)|Iamblichus]], ''De Vita Pythagorica'' (''On the Pythagorean Life''), c. 300 AD — [http://www.completepythagoras.net/mainframeset.html ''Iamblichus, Life of Pythagoras''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190211151544/http://www.completepythagoras.net/mainframeset.html |date=2019-02-11 }}, translated by [[Kenneth Sylvan Guthrie]] (1920)
*[[Apuleius]], following [[Aristoxenus]], writes about Pythagoras in ''Apologia'', c. 150 AD, including a story of his being taught by [[Zoroaster]]—a story also found in [[Clement of Alexandria]]. {{harv|Vasunia|2007|p=246}}
*[[Hierocles of Alexandria]], ''Golden Verses of Pythagoras'', c. 430 AD
{{refend}}'''Modernong ikaduwang ginikanan'''{{refbegin|30em}}
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* {{citation|last=Guthrie|first=W. K.|date=1979|title=A History of Greek Philosophy: Earlier Presocratics and the Pythagoreans|location=Cambridge, England|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-29420-1}}
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* {{citation|last=Hermann|first=Arnold|date=2005|title=To Think Like God: Pythagoras and Parmenides—the Origins of Philosophy|location=Las Vegas, Nevada|publisher=Parmenides Publishing|isbn=978-1-930972-00-1|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/tothinklikegodpy0000herm}}
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* {{cite book|title=The Venus Tablets of Ammizaduga: A solution of Babylonian chronology by means of the Venus observations of the First Dynasty|last1=Langdon|first1=Stephen|last2=Fotheringham|first2=John|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1928|isbn=978-9-33-362298-1|author1-link=Stephen Herbert Langdon|author2-link=John Knight Fotheringham}}
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{{refend}}

== Panluwas na takod ==
* {{In Our Time|Pythagoras|b00p693b|Pythagoras}}
* {{cite SEP|url-id=pythagoras|title=Pythagoras|last=Huffman|first=Carl|mode=cs2}}
* [http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Pythagoras.html "Pythagoras of Samos"], [[The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]], School of Mathematics and Statistics, [[University of St Andrews]], Scotland
* [http://history.hanover.edu/texts/presoc/pythagor.html "Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans, Fragments and Commentary"], [[Arthur Fairbanks]] Hanover Historical Texts Project, [[Hanover College]] Department of History
* [http://www.math.tamu.edu/~don.allen/history/pythag/pythag.html "Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309180348/http://www.math.tamu.edu/~don.allen/history/pythag/pythag.html |date=2009-03-09 }}, Department of Mathematics, [[Texas A&M University]]
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12587b.htm "Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism"], ''[[The Catholic Encyclopedia]]''
* {{Internet Archive author|sname=Pythagoras}}
* {{Librivox author|id=9944}}
{{Authority control}}
Si Pythagoras kan Samos ( 570 – c. 495 BC)sarong sinaunang Griyegong  Ionian na pilosopo asin nagmukna kan  Pythagoreanism. An saiyang politikal asin relihiyosong pagtukdo midbid sa Magna Graecia asin nakaimpluwensya sa mga pilosopiya ni  Plato, Aristotle, asin sa Western na pilosopiya. 

 Ginikanan na Biograpikal 
Mayong naisurat manungod ki Pythagorasan natada, asin haros mayong naisurat mapadapit sa saiyang buhay. An pinakaenot na mapagkukunan sa saiyang buhay medyo halipot, dae klarado o satirikall. 

 Hilingon man 

 Cosmos
 Ex pede Herculem
 Isopsephy (gematria)
 List of things named after Pythagoras
 Lute of Pythagoras
 Pythagoras tree (fractal)
 Pythagorean comma
 Pythagorean cup
 Pythagorean triple
 Pythagoras (sculptor)
 Sacred geometry

 Mga toltolan 

 Talababa 

 Pagsambit 

 Mga gibo 
Igwang dikit na mga ginikanan na teksto mapadapit ki Pythagoras asin Pythagoreans; kadaklan manunumpungan sa iba-ibang dakit-taramon. 

Klasikong Ginikanan
Diogenes Laërtius, Vitae philosophorum VIII (Lives of Eminent Philosophers), c. 200 AD, which in turn references the lost work Successions of Philosophers by Alexander Polyhistor — 
Porphyry, Vita Pythagorae (Life of Pythagoras), c. 270 AD — Porphyry, Life of Pythagoras, translated by Kenneth Sylvan Guthrie (1920)
Iamblichus, De Vita Pythagorica (On the Pythagorean Life), c. 300 AD — Iamblichus, Life of Pythagoras , translated by Kenneth Sylvan Guthrie (1920)
Apuleius, following Aristoxenus, writes about Pythagoras in Apologia, c. 150 AD, including a story of his being taught by Zoroaster—a story also found in Clement of Alexandria. 
Hierocles of Alexandria, Golden Verses of Pythagoras, c. 430 AD
Modernong ikaduwang ginikanan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 Panluwas na takod 
 
 
 "Pythagoras of Samos", The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland
 "Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans, Fragments and Commentary", Arthur Fairbanks Hanover Historical Texts Project, Hanover College Department of History
 "Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans" , Department of Mathematics, Texas A&M University
 "Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism", The Catholic Encyclopedia