Iskriturang Brahmi
{{short description|Suanoy na Iskritura kan Sentral asin Habagatang Asya}}
{{Redirect|Brahmi}}
{{Distinguish|Mga iskriturang Brahmiko}}
{{Infobox sistema nin panurat|name= Brāhmī 
|sample= [[File:Brahmi pillar inscription in Sarnath.jpg |270px]]
|caption= An iskriturang Brahmi sa Pillar kan Ashoka (250 BCE siglo)
|type= [[Abugida]] |languages= [[Tataramon na Tamil|Tamil]], [[Sanskrit]], [[Prakrit]], [[Tataramon na Saka|Saka]], [[Tataramon na Tochariano|Tochariano]] |time= ika-4 o ika-3ng siglo BCE<sup>[a]</sup> sagkod ika-5ng siglo CE |fam1=[[Iskriturang Proto-Sinaitiko]]?<sup>[b]</sup>|fam2=[[Alpabetong Ponesyano]]?<sup>[b]</sup> |fam3=[[Alpabetong Aramaiko]]?<sup>[b]</sup> |sisters= [[Kharoṣṭhī]] |children=[[Iskriturang Gupta|Gupta]] asin nagkapira pang [[#Mga pinaghalian|pinaghaliang mga siste nin panurat]] 
|footnotes=[a] Pinag-iiwalan pa langgad an mga dae pa sana nahahaloy na pag-angkin kan mga naenot na fragmentary inskripsyon sa mga banga.
[b] Dai pangkagabsang uyon an hinaliang Semitiko kan mga iskriturang Brahmiko.|unicode= [https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U11000.pdf U+11000–U+1107F] |iso15924= Brah }}

[[File:Soghaura_inscription.jpg|thumb|An [[Sohgaura copper plate inscription]] sa iskriturang Brahmi , ika-3ng siglo BCE]]
An '''Brahmi''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|r|ɑː|m|i}}; [[IAST]]: {{IAST|Brāhmī}}, sa iskriturang Brahmi: <b>𑀩𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀫𑀻</b>, "''Brā-hmī''"), namukna sa katahawan kan ika-1 na sanribong taon BCE, an pinakaluma na bistong [[sistema nin panurat]] kan [[Suanoy na Indya]], na may posibleng pagbubukod kan daing natukoy na [[Iskriturang Indus]].<ref name=britbrahmiscript>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Brahmi Brahmi], Encyclopedia Britannica (1999), Quote: An "Brāhmī, sarong sistema nin pagsurat kan ninuno sa gabos kan mga iskritura kan Indya apwera sana sa Kharoṣṭhī. Kan Aramaikong deribasyon o inspirasyon, pwedeng masususog ini sa ika-8 o ika-7 siglo BC, kung pwedeng napabisto sa mga parakalakal kan Indya kan mga tawo na Semitiko an hinalian. (. ..) An sarong barya kan ika-4 na siglo BC, natuklasan sa Madhya Pradesh, na nakasurat sa mga karakter na Brāhmī na minadalagan puon patuo sagkod wala."</ref> Sarong [[abugida]] an Brahmi na nag-uswag sa [[Subkontinenteng Indya]] asin nagagamit nin sarong [[sistema]] kan mga karkang diyakirikal tanganing maitakod an mga patanog sa mga katanog na mga simbolo. Nagdakula ini sa sarong host kan iba pang mga iskritura, na pig-aapod na [[mga iskriturang Brahmiko]], na padagos na piggagamit sagkod ngunyan sa[[Sur na Asya|Habagatan]] asin sa [[Sur-Subangan na Asya|Habagatan-Subangan na Asya]].{{sfn|Salomon|1998|pp=19–30}}<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Brahmi Brahmi], Encyclopedia Britannica (1999), Quote: "Kabali sa dakol na mga inapo kan Brāhmī iyo an Devanāgarī (pigagamit para sa Sanskrit, Hindi asin iba pang mga tataramong Indyano), an mga iskritura kan Bengali dangan Gujarati asin an mga tataramon  na Drabidyano"</ref>

==Mga toltolan==
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliograpiya===
* {{cite book|author1=Annette Wilke|author2=Oliver Moebus|title=Sound and Communication: An Aesthetic Cultural History of Sanskrit Hinduism|year=2011|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-024003-0|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Bühler|first=Georg|title=On the Origin of the Indian Brahma Alphabet|url=https://archive.org/details/onoriginofindian00bhuoft|year=1898|publisher=Strassburg K.J. Trübner}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Deraniyagala|first=Siran|title=The Prehistory of Sri Lanka: An Ecological Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IVJcnQEACAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Department of Archaeological Survey, Government of Sri Lanka|isbn=978-955-9159-00-1}}
* {{cite book|last1=Falk|first1=Harry|title=Schrift im alten Indien: ein Forschungsbericht mit Anmerkungen|date=1993|publisher=Gunter Narr Verlag|language=German|ref=harv}}
* Gérard Fussman, ''Les premiers systèmes d'écriture en Inde'', in Annuaire du Collège de France 1988–1989 (sa Pranses)
* Oscar von Hinüber, ''Der Beginn der Schrift und frühe Schriftlichkeit in Indien'', Franz Steiner Verlag, 1990 (sa Aleman)
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Keay|first=John|authorlink=John Keay|title=India: A History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3aeQqmcXBhoC|year=2000|publisher=Grove Press|isbn=978-0-8021-3797-5}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Ledyard|first=Gari|authorlink=Gari Ledyard|title=The Korean Language Reform of 1446: The Origin, Background, and Early History of the Korean Alphabet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xnc0nQEACAAJ|year=1994|publisher=University Microfilms}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Masica|first=Colin|authorlink=Colin Masica|title=The Indo-Aryan Languages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J3RSHWePhXwC|year=1993|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-29944-2}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Norman|first1=Kenneth R.|title=The Development of Writing in India and its Effect upon the Pāli Canon|journal=Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens / Vienna Journal of South Asian Studies|date=1992|volume=36|issue=Proceedings of the VIIIth World Sanskrit Conference Vienna|pages=239–249}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last1=Patel|first1=Purushottam G.|last2=Pandey|first2=Pramod|last3=Rajgor|first3=Dilip|title=The Indic Scripts: Palaeographic and Linguistic Perspectives|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CAIaAQAAIAAJ|year=2007|publisher=D.K. Printworld|isbn=978-81-246-0406-9}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Rocher|first=Ludo|authorlink=Ludo Rocher|title=Studies in Hindu Law and Dharmaśāstra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dziNBAAAQBAJ|year=2014|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=978-1-78308-315-2}}
* {{cite book |first=Richard|last=Salomon|chapter=Brahmi and Kharoshthi|editors=Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William |title=The World's Writing Systems |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=1996 |isbn=0-19-507993-0 |ref=harv|title-link=The World's Writing Systems}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Salomon|first=Richard|title=Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XYrG07qQDxkC|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-535666-3}}
*{{cite journal|last1=Salomon|first1=Richard|title=On the Origin of the Early Indian Scripts|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|date=1995|volume=115|issue=2|pages=271–279|doi=10.2307/604670|jstor=604670}}
*{{Cite book | last=Salomon | first=Richard | title=Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the Other Indo-Aryan Languages | publisher=Oxford University Press | place=Oxford | year=1998 | isbn=0-19-509984-2|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Trautmann|first=Thomas|authorlink=Thomas Trautmann|title=Languages and Nations: The Dravidian Proof in Colonial Madras|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0W0oVIZgyEwC|year=2006|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-24455-9}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Timmer|first=Barbara Catharina Jacoba|title=Megasthenes en de Indische maatschappij|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GudWAAAAMAAJ|year=1930|publisher=H.J. Paris}}


{{Stub}}
An Brahmi (; IAST: , sa iskriturang Brahmi: 𑀩𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀫𑀻, "Brā-hmī"), namukna sa katahawan kan ika-1 na sanribong taon BCE, an pinakaluma na bistong sistema nin panurat kan Suanoy na Indya, na may posibleng pagbubukod kan daing natukoy na Iskriturang Indus.Brahmi, Encyclopedia Britannica (1999), Quote: An "Brāhmī, sarong sistema nin pagsurat kan ninuno sa gabos kan mga iskritura kan Indya apwera sana sa Kharoṣṭhī. Kan Aramaikong deribasyon o inspirasyon, pwedeng masususog ini sa ika-8 o ika-7 siglo BC, kung pwedeng napabisto sa mga parakalakal kan Indya kan mga tawo na Semitiko an hinalian. (. ..) An sarong barya kan ika-4 na siglo BC, natuklasan sa Madhya Pradesh, na nakasurat sa mga karakter na Brāhmī na minadalagan puon patuo sagkod wala." Sarong abugida an Brahmi na nag-uswag sa Subkontinenteng Indya asin nagagamit nin sarong sistema kan mga karkang diyakirikal tanganing maitakod an mga patanog sa mga katanog na mga simbolo. Nagdakula ini sa sarong host kan iba pang mga iskritura, na pig-aapod na mga iskriturang Brahmiko, na padagos na piggagamit sagkod ngunyan saHabagatan asin sa Habagatan-Subangan na Asya.Brahmi, Encyclopedia Britannica (1999), Quote: "Kabali sa dakol na mga inapo kan Brāhmī iyo an Devanāgarī (pigagamit para sa Sanskrit, Hindi asin iba pang mga tataramong Indyano), an mga iskritura kan Bengali dangan Gujarati asin an mga tataramon  na Drabidyano"

Mga toltolan

Bibliograpiya
 
 
 
 
 Gérard Fussman, Les premiers systèmes d'écriture en Inde, in Annuaire du Collège de France 1988–1989 (sa Pranses)
 Oscar von Hinüber, Der Beginn der Schrift und frühe Schriftlichkeit in Indien, Franz Steiner Verlag, 1990 (sa Aleman)