Panama

{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Republika nin Panama
| common_name            = Panama
| native_name            = {{native name|es|República de Panamá}}
| image_flag             = Flag of Panama.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Panama.svg
| national_motto         = ''Pro Mundi Beneficio'' ([[Latin]])<br />"For the Benefit of the World"
| national_anthem        = {{native phrase|es|[[Himno Istmeño]]|nolink=yes}}<br />"Hymn of the Isthmus"{{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Panama National Anthem.ogg]]}}
| image_map              = {{switcher |  [[File:PAN orthographic.svg|frameless]] | Location in the Western Hemisphere |  [[File:Mapa de Panamá (fronteras).svg|frameless]] | Panama and its neighbors}}
| image_map2             =
| capital                = [[Panama City]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|8|58|N|79|32|W|type:city}}
| largest_city           = Panama City
| official_languages     = [[Panamanyanong Espanyol Spanish|Espanyol]]
| regional_languages     = [[Guaymí language|Guaymí]]<br />[[Buglere]]<br />[[Emberá languages|Emberá]]<br />[[Wounaan language|Wounaan]]<br />[[Kuna language|Kuna]]<br />[[Teribe language|Teribe]]<br />[[Bribri language|Bribri]]
| ethnic_groups          = {{unbulleted list |65.0% [[Mestizo]] (mixed [[White Latin Americans|White]] and [[Indigenous peoples of Panama|Indigenous]])||12.3% [[Indigenous peoples of Panama|Indigenous]] |9.2% [[Afro-Panamanians|Black]] |6.8% [[Mulatto]] (mixed [[White Latin Americans|White]] and [[Afro-Panamanian|Black]])|6.7% [[White Latin Americans|White]]}}
| ethnic_groups_ref      = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/panama/ |title=Panama |work=CIA World Factbook |date=February 4, 2022 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123023447/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/panama/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| ethnic_groups_year     = 2020
| demonym                = [[Panamanians|Panamanian]]
| government_type        = Unitary [[presidential republic]]
| leader_title1          = [[Lista kan mga pamayo nin estado nin Panama|Presidente]]
| leader_name1           = [[José Raúl Mulino]]
| leader_title2          = [[Vice President of Panama|Bise Presidente]]
| leader_name2           = Vacant
| legislature            = [[Asamblea Nasyonal (Panama)|Asamblea Nasyonal]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[Independence]]
| established_event1     = haleng [Imperyong Espanyol]]
| established_date1      = Nobyembre 28, 1821
| established_event2     = kasaro' an [[Gran Colombia]]
| established_date2      = Desyembre 1821
| established_event3     = haleng Republika nin [[Colombia]]
| established_date3      = Nobyembre 3, 1903
| established_event4     = [[Constitution of Panama|Current constitution]]
| established_date4      = Oktobre 11, 1972
| area_km2               = 75,417
| area_footnote          = <ref name="unstats08">{{Cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf|title=Demographic Yearbook – Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density|publisher=United Nations Statistics Division|date=2012|access-date=September 4, 2017|archive-date=August 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200826065042/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012.htm|title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics|website=unstats.un.org|access-date=May 21, 2021|archive-date=October 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015114145/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
| area_rank              = 116th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
| area_sq_mi             = 29,119
| percent_water          = 2.9
| population_estimate    = 4,337,768<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Panama|access-date=September 24, 2022|date=2022}}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = 2022
| population_estimate_rank = ika-127
| population_density_km2 = 56
| population_density_sq_mi = 145<!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]-->
| population_density_rank = ika-122
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $195.279 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.PA">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/October/weo-report?c=283,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=1980&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024 Edition. (Panama) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2024 |access-date=2 January 2025 }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2025
| GDP_PPP_rank           =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $42,772<ref name="IMFWEO.PA" />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $91.731 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.PA" />
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2025
| GDP_nominal_rank       =
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $20,092<ref name="IMFWEO.PA" />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
| Gini                   = 48.9<!--number only-->
| Gini_year              = 2023
| Gini_change            = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref               = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/ |title=Gini Index coefficient|publisher=[[The World Factbook]]|access-date=September 24, 2024}}</ref>
| Gini_rank              =
| HDI                    = 0.820<!--number only-->
| HDI_year               = 2022<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change             = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref                = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2023/24|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=13 March 2024|access-date=13 March 2024|archive-date=March 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313164319/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| HDI_rank               = ika-57
| currency               = {{unbulleted list |[[Panamanian balboa|Balboa]] ([[ISO 4217|PAB]])|{{nowrap|[[United States dollar]] ([[ISO 4217|USD]])}}}}
| time_zone              = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
| utc_offset             = −5
| date_format            = mm/dd/yyyy<br />dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on              = Too
| calling_code           = [[Telephone numbers in Panama|+507]]
| iso3166code            = PA
| cctld                  = [[.pa]]
| religion_year          = 2020
| religion_ref           = <ref name="2015survey">{{Cite journal|date=December 2016|title=Segunda Encuesta Nacional de Hogares, Panama 2015|url=http://ministeriopublico.gob.pa/wp-content/multimedia/2017/09/Encuesta-de-Hogares-2015-16-viii-17-publicaci%C3%B3n-digital.pdf|journal=Ministerio Público de la República de Panamá|access-date=February 17, 2019|archive-date=February 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218081846/http://ministeriopublico.gob.pa/wp-content/multimedia/2017/09/Encuesta-de-Hogares-2015-16-viii-17-publicaci%C3%B3n-digital.pdf|url-status=dead|archivedate=February 18, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218081846/http://ministeriopublico.gob.pa/wp-content/multimedia/2017/09/Encuesta-de-Hogares-2015-16-viii-17-publicaci%C3%B3n-digital.pdf}}</ref>
| religion               = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;
  |{{Tree list}}
* 91.5% [[Christianity in Panama|Christianity]]
** 63.2% [[Catholic Church in Panama|Catholicism]]
** 25.0% [[Protestantism]]
** 3.3% other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]]
 {{Tree list/end}}
  |7.6% [[Irreligion in Latin America|no religion]]
  |0.9% other}}
| presente                  =
}}

[[Ladawan:After Photograph of the Panama Canal.jpg|thumb|300px|Litrato kan Panama Canal]]
An '''Panama''',{{Efn|({{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Panama-2.ogg|ˈ|p|æ|n|ə|m|ɑː}} {{Respell|PAN|ə-mah}}, {{IPAc-en||p|æ|n|ə|ˈ|m|ɑː}} {{Respell|pan-ə|MAH}}; {{langx|es|link=no|Panamá}} {{IPA|es|panaˈma|IPA|ES-pe - Panamá.ogg}})}} opisyalmente inaapod na '''Republika nin Panama''',{{Efn|({{langx|es|República de Panamá}})}} sarong nasyon kadolon an [[Costa Rica]] sa solnopan, [[Colombia]] sa habagatan-subangan, an Caribbean Sea sa amnayan, asin an Dagat Pasipiko sa habagatan. An kabesera asin pinakadakulang siyudad kaini iyo an [[Siyudad nin Panama]], na an [[lugar metropolitan]] ineerokan na gayo nin haros kabanga kan populasyon kan nasyon na {{#expr:{{replace|{{UN Population|Panama}}|,||}}/1e6 round 0}} na milyon habitante.{{UN_Population|ref}}

Bago nagdatong an mga [[Imperyo Espanyol|magkokolonyang Espanyol]] kan ika-16 na siglo, an Panama binabanwan nin iba-ibang mga [[Katutubong Banwa nin Panama|katutubong tribu]]. Ini  [[Akta Independensya nin Panama|naglitik sa Espanya]] kan 1821 asin nagsaro sa Republika nin [[Gran Colombia]], kaburonyogan kan [[Viceroyalty of New Granada|Nueva Granada]], [[Ecuador]], asin [[Venezuela]]. Kan an Gran Colombia matu8naw kan 1831, an Panama asin Nueva Granada iyo na an nagin Republika nin Colombia. Sa pagsusuporta kan Estados Unidos, an Panama naglitik sa Colombia kan 1903, na gibo kaini nagin posible an paghaman kan [[Panama Canal]] kan [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]] ultan nin 1904 asin 1914. An 1977 [[Torrijos–Carter Treaties]] pigkauyonan na ilito an kanal haleng Estados Unidos pasiring Panama kan Desyembre 31, 1999.<ref name="cia">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/panama/ |title=Panama |work=CIA – [[The World Factbook]] |access-date=December 23, 2010 |archive-date=January 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123023447/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/panama/ |url-status=live }}</ref> An mga [[Panama Canal Zone|palibot na teritoryo]] ibinalik enot kan 1979.<ref name="19770907_usdos_panamacanaltreaty">{{cite book|title=United States Treaties and Other International Agreements|chapter=Panama Canal Treaty|volume=33|page=55|publisher=United States Department of State|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n559BTeMBIsC&pg=PA39|author=Department of State, United States of America|date=1987|quote=Upon entry into force of this Treaty, the United States Government agencies known as the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government shall cease to operate within the territory of the Republic of Panama that formerly constituted the Canal Zone.|orig-year=Signed at Washington on September 7, 1977. Entered into force October 1, 1979.|id=33 UST 39; TIAS 10030|access-date=September 13, 2020|archive-date=January 24, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124105627/https://books.google.com/books?id=n559BTeMBIsC&pg=PA39#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>

An ingreso sa kanal bunga kan taripa padagos na dakulang parte kan [[Gross domestic product|GDP]], especially kan Panama orog na an [[Panama Canal expansion project]] (natapos 2016) ta nadoble an kapasidad kaini. An komersyo, pagbabanko, asin turismo mayor na mga sektor na gayo sa ekonomiya. An Panama jhinihiling na igwang [[World Bank high-income economy|high-income economy]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weoselco.aspx?g=2200&sg=All+countries+%2f+Emerging+market+and+developing+economies |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |access-date=September 29, 2019 |archive-date=December 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222001529/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weoselco.aspx?g=2200&sg=All+countries+%2f+Emerging+market+and+developing+economies |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, [[List of countries by Human Development Index|Panama ranked 57th in the world]] in terms of the [[Human Development Index]].<ref name="HDI">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=December 15, 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=December 16, 2020|archive-date=December 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215063955/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, Panama was ranked the seventh-most competitive economy in Latin America, according to the [[World Economic Forum]]'s Global Competitiveness Index.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wef.ch/2OX9YUm|title=Competitiveness Rankings|website=The Global Competitiveness Report 2018|language=en-US|access-date=March 18, 2019}}</ref> Panama was ranked 82nd in the [[Global Innovation Index]] in 2024.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/assets/67729/2000%20Global%20Innovation%20Index%202024_WEB2.pdf|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-01|author=[[World Intellectual Property Organization]]|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi= 10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}</ref> Covering around 40 percent of its land area, Panama's [[jungle]]s are home to an abundance of tropical plants and animals – some of them [[endemism|found nowhere else]] on earth.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1229332.stm |work=BBC News |title=Country profile: Panama |date=June 30, 2010 |access-date=July 25, 2010 |archive-date=July 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702022612/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1229332.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>

An Panama saro sa kagtugdas na kaapil kan [[United Nations]] asin iba pang mga organisasyon internaysyonal arog kan [[Organization of American States]], [[Latin American Integration Association|Latin America Integration Association]], [[Group of 77]], [[World Health Organization]], asin [[Non-Aligned Movement]].

==Toltolan==

{{reflist}}
{{Stub}}

[[Kategorya:Panama]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Nasyon sa Sentral Amerika]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Nasyon sa Norte Amerika]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Kaapil na nasyon sa Nasyon Unido]]
[[Kategorya:Mgam Republika asin terit9oryo na Espanyol-tinataram]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Estado asin teritoryong tinugdas kan 1903]]
An Panama, opisyalmente inaapod na Republika nin Panama, sarong nasyon kadolon an Costa Rica sa solnopan, Colombia sa habagatan-subangan, an Caribbean Sea sa amnayan, asin an Dagat Pasipiko sa habagatan. An kabesera asin pinakadakulang siyudad kaini iyo an Siyudad nin Panama, na an lugar metropolitan ineerokan na gayo nin haros kabanga kan populasyon kan nasyon na  na milyon habitante.

Bago nagdatong an mga magkokolonyang Espanyol kan ika-16 na siglo, an Panama binabanwan nin iba-ibang mga katutubong tribu. Ini  naglitik sa Espanya kan 1821 asin nagsaro sa Republika nin Gran Colombia, kaburonyogan kan Nueva Granada, Ecuador, asin Venezuela. Kan an Gran Colombia matu8naw kan 1831, an Panama asin Nueva Granada iyo na an nagin Republika nin Colombia. Sa pagsusuporta kan Estados Unidos, an Panama naglitik sa Colombia kan 1903, na gibo kaini nagin posible an paghaman kan Panama Canal kan United States Army Corps of Engineers ultan nin 1904 asin 1914. An 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties pigkauyonan na ilito an kanal haleng Estados Unidos pasiring Panama kan Desyembre 31, 1999. An mga palibot na teritoryo ibinalik enot kan 1979.

An ingreso sa kanal bunga kan taripa padagos na dakulang parte kan GDP, especially kan Panama orog na an Panama Canal expansion project (natapos 2016) ta nadoble an kapasidad kaini. An komersyo, pagbabanko, asin turismo mayor na mga sektor na gayo sa ekonomiya. An Panama jhinihiling na igwang high-income economy. In 2019, Panama ranked 57th in the world in terms of the Human Development Index. In 2018, Panama was ranked the seventh-most competitive economy in Latin America, according to the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Index. Panama was ranked 82nd in the Global Innovation Index in 2024. Covering around 40 percent of its land area, Panama's jungles are home to an abundance of tropical plants and animals – some of them found nowhere else on earth.

An Panama saro sa kagtugdas na kaapil kan United Nations asin iba pang mga organisasyon internaysyonal arog kan Organization of American States, Latin America Integration Association, Group of 77, World Health Organization, asin Non-Aligned Movement.

Toltolan

Kategorya:Panama
Kategorya:Mga Nasyon sa Sentral Amerika
Kategorya:Mga Nasyon sa Norte Amerika
Kategorya:Mga Kaapil na nasyon sa Nasyon Unido
Kategorya:Mgam Republika asin terit9oryo na Espanyol-tinataram
Kategorya:Mga Estado asin teritoryong tinugdas kan 1903