Aphra Behn

{{Infobox tawo|name=Aphra Behn|image=Aphra Behn by  Peter Lely ca. 1670.jpg|caption=Portrait of Aphra Behn by [[Sir Peter Lely]]|birth_place=[[Canterbury]], [[Kingdom of England]]|baptised=14 December 1640|death_date=16 April 1689 (aged 48)|death_place=[[London]], [[Kingdom of England]]|resting_place=[[Westminster Abbey]]|nationality=English|occupation=novelist, dramatist, poet}}
'''Si Aphra Behn''' (/ˈæfrə bɛn/;{{efn|She inherited this name from her German husband; the German pronunciation is {{IPA-de|beːn|}}.}} Disyembre 14,1640? (petsa kan pagbunyag)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aphra Behn (1640 - 1689)|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/behn_aphra.shtml|accessdate=19 April 2017}}</ref> – Abril 16,1689) sarong parasurat nin dula, makata, taga dakit-taramon asin parasurat nin piksyon puon kan Restoration era. Bilang saro sa mga babaying Ingles na nakakapagtrabaho na sarong parasurat, tinanggal niya an mga hadlang sa kultura asin nagsirbing modelo para sa sunod na henerasyon kan mga babaying parasurat. Hale sa pagiging kakaiba, narisa siya ni  [[Carlos II kan Inglaterra|Charles II]],  na kinua siya bilang espiya sa Antwerp. Kan pagbalik niya sa London asin pag istar sa kulungan nin parautang, nagpuon siya magsurat siya sa teatro. Siya kasbali sa grupo nin mga paratula asin sikat na  libertines arog ni John Wilmot, Lord Rochester. Siya nagsurat sa alyas na Astrea. Kan dae mapupugol na oras nin politikal kan  Exclusion Crisis, sinurat niya an epilogo asin enot na tataramon na nagdara saiya sa legal na kapahamakan; ginugol niya an pagsurat sa mga dyanra nin mga prosa asin mga dakit taramon. Sarong pusog na taga suporta kan linya ni  Stuart, sinayumahan niya an imbitasyon hale sa Bishop Burnet para magsurat nin tulang pagsalubong sa bagong hade na si William III. Nagadan siya pakatapos lang kaidto.<ref name="ODNB">[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1961 Janet Todd], "Behn, Aphra (1640?–1689)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004</ref>

Siya nagurumduman sa  Virginia Woolf's ''A Room of One's Own'': "All women together ought to let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn which is, most scandalously but rather appropriately, in Westminster Abbey, for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds."<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Room of One's Own|last=Woolf|first=Virginia|publisher=Harcourt Brace|year=1929|location=New York|pages=69|oclc=326933}}</ref> An saiyang lubungan dae kasali sa Poets' Corner pero yaon sa East Cloister harani sa hagdanan kan simbahan.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/famous-people?collection=wma-people&query=behn|title=Westminster Abbey|access-date=2019-04-05|archive-date=2018-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313093209/http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/famous-people?collection=wma-people&query=behn|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
[[Ladawan:Behn_Oroonoko_title_page.1688.jpg|too|thumb|Titulong pahina kan enot na edisyon nin ''Oroonoko'' (1688)]]
[[Ladawan:Aphra_Behn.jpg|thumb|Guhit ki Aphra Behn ni George Scharf hale sa ladawan na tinutubuda na nawara (1873)]]
[[Ladawan:Aphra_Behn_by_Mary_Beale.jpg|too|thumb|Ladawan na gibo ni Mary Beale]]

== Mga Gibo ==

=== Teatro ===

* ''The Forc'd Marriage'' (1670)
* ''The Amorous Prince'' (1671)
* ''The Dutch Lover'' (1673)
* ''Abdelazer'' (1676)
* ''The Town Fop'' (1676)
* ''The Rover'', Part 1 (1677) and Part 2 (1681)
* [http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/behn/fancy/fancy.html ''Sir Patient Fancy''] (1678)
* ''The Feigned Courtesans'' (1679)
* ''The Young King'' (1679)
* ''The False Count'' (1681)
* [http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/behn/roundheads/roundheads.html ''The Roundheads''] (1681)
* ''The City Heiress'' (1682)
* ''Like Father, Like Son'' (1682)
* ''Prologue and Epilogue to Romulus and Hersilia, or The Sabine War'' (November 1682)
* ''The Luckey Chance, or an Alderman's Bargain'' (1686) with composer John Blow
* ''The Emperor of the Moon'' (1687)

'''Posthuma na tinanghal'''

* ''The Widow Ranter'' (1689)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/etas/45/|last=Behn|first=Aphra|title=The Widow Ranter|year=1690}}</ref>
* ''The Younger Brother'' (1696)

=== Mga Nobela ===

* ''The Fair Jilt''
* ''Agnes de Castro''
* ''Love-Letters Between a Nobleman and His Sister'', in three parts (1682-1687)
* ''Oroonoko'' (1688)

=== Halipot na Osipon/Novellas ===

* ''The Fair Jilt'' (1688)
* ''The History of the Nun: or, the Fair Vow-Breaker'' (1688)
* ''The History of The Servant'' (disputed<ref>{{cite book|title=A Genius for Letters: Booksellers and Bookselling from the 16th to the 20th Century|last1=Greer|first1=Germaine|date=1996|publisher=Oak Knoll Press|editor1-last=Myers|editor1-first=Robin|pages=33–47|chapter=Honest Sam. Briscoe|editor2-last=Harris|editor2-first=Michael}}</ref>)

=== Koleksiyon nin mga tula ===

* ''Poems upon Several Occasions, with A Voyage to the Island of Love'' (1684) <ref name="Brit">{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/58760/Aphra-Behn|title=Aphra Behn|accessdate=30 October 2015}}</ref>
* ''Lycidus; or, The Lover in Fashion'' (1688)<ref name="Brit" />

== Mga istorya asin mga sinurat base sa saiyang buhay ==

* Maureen Duffy (1977). The Passionate Shepherdess.<nowiki><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="408">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</span></nowiki> The first wholly scholarly new biography of Behn; the first to identify Behn's birth name.
* Goreau, Angeline (1980). Reconstructing Aphra: a social biography of Aphra Behn. New York: Dial Press. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8037-7478-8</nowiki>.
* Goreau, Angeline (1983). "Aphra Behn: A scandal to modesty (c. 1640-1689)".  In Spender, Dale. Feminist theorists: Three centuries of key women thinkers. Pantheon. pp. 8–27. <nowiki>ISBN 0-394-53438-7</nowiki>.
* Derek Hughes (2001). The Theatre of Aphra Behn. Palgrave Macmillan. <nowiki>ISBN 0-333-76030-1</nowiki>.
* Janet Todd (1997). The Secret Life of Aphra Behn. Rutgers University Press. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8135-2455-5</nowiki>.  Most recent and comprehensively researched biography of Behn, with new material on her life as a spy.
* Vita Sackville-West (1927). Aphra Behn - The Incomparable Astrea. Gerald Howe. A view of Behn more sympathetic and laudatory than Woolf's.
* Virginia Woolf (1929). A Room of One's Own. Only one section deals with Behn, but it served as a starting point for the feminist rediscovery of Behn's role.
* {{Cite web|last=Huntting|first=Nancy|url=http://www.aestheticrealism.net/aesnyc141/Aphra_Behn_NH.htm|title=What Is Triumph in Love? with a consideration of Aphra Behn}}
* Germaine Greer (1995). Slip-Shod Sibyls. Two chapters deal with Aphra Behn with emphasis on her character as a poet
* Heidi Hutner (1993). Rereading Aphra Behn: History, Theory, and Criticism. University of Virginia Press. <nowiki>ISBN 9780813914435</nowiki>.
* Janet Todd, ''Aphra Behn: A Secret Life''. {{ISBN|978-1-909572-06-5}}, 2017 Fentum Press, revised edition

== Mga toltolan ==
<references group="" responsive=""></references>
[[Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations]]
Si Aphra Behn (/ˈæfrə bɛn/; Disyembre 14,1640? (petsa kan pagbunyag) – Abril 16,1689) sarong parasurat nin dula, makata, taga dakit-taramon asin parasurat nin piksyon puon kan Restoration era. Bilang saro sa mga babaying Ingles na nakakapagtrabaho na sarong parasurat, tinanggal niya an mga hadlang sa kultura asin nagsirbing modelo para sa sunod na henerasyon kan mga babaying parasurat. Hale sa pagiging kakaiba, narisa siya ni  Charles II,  na kinua siya bilang espiya sa Antwerp. Kan pagbalik niya sa London asin pag istar sa kulungan nin parautang, nagpuon siya magsurat siya sa teatro. Siya kasbali sa grupo nin mga paratula asin sikat na  libertines arog ni John Wilmot, Lord Rochester. Siya nagsurat sa alyas na Astrea. Kan dae mapupugol na oras nin politikal kan  Exclusion Crisis, sinurat niya an epilogo asin enot na tataramon na nagdara saiya sa legal na kapahamakan; ginugol niya an pagsurat sa mga dyanra nin mga prosa asin mga dakit taramon. Sarong pusog na taga suporta kan linya ni  Stuart, sinayumahan niya an imbitasyon hale sa Bishop Burnet para magsurat nin tulang pagsalubong sa bagong hade na si William III. Nagadan siya pakatapos lang kaidto.Janet Todd, "Behn, Aphra (1640?–1689)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004

Siya nagurumduman sa  Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own: "All women together ought to let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn which is, most scandalously but rather appropriately, in Westminster Abbey, for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds." An saiyang lubungan dae kasali sa Poets' Corner pero yaon sa East Cloister harani sa hagdanan kan simbahan.
too|thumb|Titulong pahina kan enot na edisyon nin Oroonoko (1688)
thumb|Guhit ki Aphra Behn ni George Scharf hale sa ladawan na tinutubuda na nawara (1873)
too|thumb|Ladawan na gibo ni Mary Beale

 Mga Gibo 

 Teatro 

 The Forc'd Marriage (1670)
 The Amorous Prince (1671)
 The Dutch Lover (1673)
 Abdelazer (1676)
 The Town Fop (1676)
 The Rover, Part 1 (1677) and Part 2 (1681)
 Sir Patient Fancy (1678)
 The Feigned Courtesans (1679)
 The Young King (1679)
 The False Count (1681)
 The Roundheads (1681)
 The City Heiress (1682)
 Like Father, Like Son (1682)
 Prologue and Epilogue to Romulus and Hersilia, or The Sabine War (November 1682)
 The Luckey Chance, or an Alderman's Bargain (1686) with composer John Blow
 The Emperor of the Moon (1687)

Posthuma na tinanghal

 The Widow Ranter (1689)
 The Younger Brother (1696)

 Mga Nobela 

 The Fair Jilt
 Agnes de Castro
 Love-Letters Between a Nobleman and His Sister, in three parts (1682-1687)
 Oroonoko (1688)

 Halipot na Osipon/Novellas 

 The Fair Jilt (1688)
 The History of the Nun: or, the Fair Vow-Breaker (1688)
 The History of The Servant (disputed)

 Koleksiyon nin mga tula 

 Poems upon Several Occasions, with A Voyage to the Island of Love (1684) 
 Lycidus; or, The Lover in Fashion (1688)

 Mga istorya asin mga sinurat base sa saiyang buhay 

 Maureen Duffy (1977). The Passionate Shepherdess.<span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="408">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</span> The first wholly scholarly new biography of Behn; the first to identify Behn's birth name.
 Goreau, Angeline (1980). Reconstructing Aphra: a social biography of Aphra Behn. New York: Dial Press. ISBN 0-8037-7478-8.
 Goreau, Angeline (1983). "Aphra Behn: A scandal to modesty (c. 1640-1689)".  In Spender, Dale. Feminist theorists: Three centuries of key women thinkers. Pantheon. pp. 8–27. ISBN 0-394-53438-7.
 Derek Hughes (2001). The Theatre of Aphra Behn. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-76030-1.
 Janet Todd (1997). The Secret Life of Aphra Behn. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-2455-5.  Most recent and comprehensively researched biography of Behn, with new material on her life as a spy.
 Vita Sackville-West (1927). Aphra Behn - The Incomparable Astrea. Gerald Howe. A view of Behn more sympathetic and laudatory than Woolf's.
 Virginia Woolf (1929). A Room of One's Own. Only one section deals with Behn, but it served as a starting point for the feminist rediscovery of Behn's role.
 
 Germaine Greer (1995). Slip-Shod Sibyls. Two chapters deal with Aphra Behn with emphasis on her character as a poet
 Heidi Hutner (1993). Rereading Aphra Behn: History, Theory, and Criticism. University of Virginia Press. ISBN 9780813914435.
 Janet Todd, Aphra Behn: A Secret Life. , 2017 Fentum Press, revised edition

 Mga toltolan 

Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations