Si Angela Merkel

{{Infobox officeholder|honorific-suffix=<!-- Please do not add German-language titles here -->|image=Angela Merkel 2019 cropped.jpg <!-- Discussion in progress, please do not modify before consensus -->|caption=Merkel in 2019|order=|office=[[Chancellor of Germany]]|president={{plainlist}}
* [[Horst Köhler]]
* [[Christian Wulff]]
* [[Joachim Gauck]]
* [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]]
{{endplainlist}}|1blankname={{nowrap|[[Vice-Chancellor of Germany#Federal Republic of Germany (1949–present)|Vice Chancellor]]}}|1namedata={{#invoke:collapsible list|main|title={{nobold|''See list''}}
| [[Franz Müntefering]]
| Frank-Walter Steinmeier
| [[Guido Westerwelle]]
| [[Philipp Rösler]]
| [[Sigmar Gabriel]]
| Olaf Scholz
}}|term_start=22 November 2005|term_end=8 December 2021|predecessor=[[Gerhard Schröder]]|successor=[[Olaf Scholz]]|office1=[[Leader of the Christian Democratic Union]]|1blankname1={{nowrap|General Secretary}}|1namedata1={{#invoke:collapsible list|main|title={{nobold|''See list''}}
| [[Ruprecht Polenz]]
| [[Laurenz Meyer]]
| [[Volker Kauder]]
| [[Ronald Pofalla]]
| [[Hermann Gröhe]]
| [[Peter Tauber]]
| Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer
<!-- Numbering to elevate Sec Gen above Deputy Leader -->}}|deputy2={{#invoke:collapsible list|main|title={{nobold|''See list''}}
| [[Volker Bouffier]]
| Christian Wulff
| [[Ursula von der Leyen]]
| [[Annette Schavan]]
| [[Julia Klöckner]]
| [[Norbert Röttgen]]
| [[Armin Laschet]]
| [[Thomas Strobl]]
}}|term_start1=10 April 2000|term_end1=7 December 2018|predecessor2=[[Wolfgang Schäuble]]|successor2=[[Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer]]|office3=[[Leader of the Opposition (Germany)|Leader of the Opposition]]|chancellor3=Gerhard Schröder|term_start3=22 September 2002|term_end3=22 November 2005|predecessor3=[[Friedrich Merz]]|successor3=[[Wolfgang Gerhardt]]|office4=Leader of the [[CDU/CSU]] in the [[Bundestag]]|1blankname5={{nowrap|[[Whip (politics)|Chief Whip]]}}|1namedata5={{plainlist}}
* Volker Kauder
* Norbert Röttgen
{{endplainlist}}|1blankname4=First Deputy|1namedata4=[[Michael Glos]]|term_start4=22 September 2002|term_end4=21 November 2005|predecessor5=Friedrich Merz|successor5=Volker Kauder
{{Collapsed infobox section begin
| last             = yes
| Early federal, state politics {{nobold|1991{{nbnd}}2000}}
| titlestyle       = border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder
| embed            = yes
| office6          = General Secretary of the [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|Christian Democratic Union]]
| leader6          = Wolfgang Schäuble
| term_start6      = 7 November 1998
| term_end6        = 10 April 2000
| predecessor6     = [[Peter Hintze]]
| successor6       = Ruprecht Polenz
| office7          = Leader of the Christian Democratic Union {{awrap|in [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]]}}
| 1blankname7      = {{nowrap|General Secretary}}
| 1namedata7       = {{plainlist}}
* Klaus Preschle
* Hubert Gehring
{{endplainlist}}
| term_start7      = June 1993
| term_end7        = 20 May 2000
| predecessor7     = [[Günther Krause]]
| successor7       = Steffie Schnoor
| office8          = [[Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety]]
| chancellor8      = [[Helmut Kohl]]
| term_start8      = 17 November 1994
| term_end8        = 26 October 1998
| predecessor8     = [[Klaus Töpfer]]
| successor8       = [[Jürgen Trittin]]
| office9          = [[Federal Ministry of Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth|Minister for Women and Youth]]
| chancellor9      = Helmut Kohl
| term_start9      = 18 January 1991
| term_end9        = 17 November 1994
| predecessor9     = [[Ursula Lehr]]
| successor9       = [[Claudia Nolte]]{{Collapsed infobox section end}}}}|office11=[[Member of the German Bundestag|Member]] of the [[Bundestag]] <br /> for [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]]|term_start11=20 December 1990|term_end11=26 October 2021|predecessor11=[[German reunification|''Constituency established'']]|successor11=[[Anna Kassautzki]]|constituency11={{indented plainlist|
* [[Vorpommern-Rügen – Vorpommern-Greifswald I#History|Stralsund – Rügen – Grimmen]] (1990–2002)
* [[Stralsund – Nordvorpommern – Rügen]] (2002–2013)
* [[Vorpommern-Rügen – Vorpommern-Greifswald I]] (2013–2021)
}}|birth_name=Angela Dorothea Kasner|birth_date={{birth date and age|1954|7|17|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Hamburg]], West Germany|party=[[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|Christian Democratic Union]] (since 1990)|otherparty={{plainlist}}
* [[Christian Democratic Union (East Germany)|Christian Democratic Union]] (East Germany, 1990)
* [[Democratic Beginning]] (1989–1990)
{{endplainlist}}|residence=[[Am Kupfergraben]], Berlin|spouse={{plainlist}}
* {{marriage|Ulrich Merkel|1977|1982|end=div}}
* {{marriage|[[Joachim Sauer]]|1998}}
{{endplainlist}}|alma_mater=[[Leipzig University]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]])<br>[[German Academy of Sciences at Berlin]] ([[Dr. rer. nat.]])<ref>{{Cite journal| url = https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2013/0920/Angela-Merkel-her-bio-in-brief| title=Angela Merkel: Her bio in brief| newspaper=[[The Christian Science Monitor]]| date=20 September 2013| access-date=29 November 2018| archive-date=29 November 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129184354/https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2013/0920/Angela-Merkel-her-bio-in-brief| url-status=live}}</ref>|signature=Angela Merkel Signature.svg|website={{Official website|https://www.buero-bundeskanzlerin-ad.de/}}|awards=[[List of awards and honours received by Angela Merkel|Full list]]|module={{Infobox scientist
| embed            = yes
| thesis_year      = 1986
| fields = [[Quantum chemistry]]
| thesis_title     = Study of the mechanism of decay reactions with single bond rupture and calculation of their rate constants based on quantum chemical and statistical methods
| thesis_url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20170529112033if_/https://matrixhacker.de/pdf/19860108_Dissertation_Merkel.pdf
| doctoral_advisor = {{ill|v=ib|Lutz Zülicke|de}}
}}}} 

'''Si Angela Dorothea Merkel''' (; {{Efn|The English pronunciation of her first name could be {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɑː|ŋ|ɡ|ə|l|ə}} {{respell|AHNG|gə|lə}} (a closer approximation of the German) or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|ŋ|ɡ|ə|l|ə}} {{respell|ANG|gə|lə}}. The English pronunciation of her last name is either {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɛər|k|əl}} {{respell|MAIR|kəl}} (reported for American English and a closer approximation of the German) or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɜːr|k|əl}} {{respell|MUR|kəl}} (reported for British English by the Oxford and Merriam-Webster dictionaries, which base their editing on actual usage rather than recommendations).<ref>[https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/merkel,_angela "Merkel, Angela"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407183217/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/merkel,_angela |date=7 April 2019 }} (US) and {{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Merkel,+Angela |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200210233231/https://www.lexico.com/definition/merkel%2C_angela |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 February 2020 |title=Merkel, Angela |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Merkel|access-date=7 April 2019}}</ref><ref>Wells, J. C. (2008). ''Longman Pronunciation Dictionary''. Pearson Education Limited.</ref> In German, her last name is pronounced {{IPA|de|ˈmɛʁkl̩|}},<ref>{{cite book |editor=[[Max Mangold|Mangold, Max]] |title=Duden, Aussprachewörterbuch |edition=6th |year=1995 |publisher=Dudenverlag |language=de |isbn=978-3-411-20916-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/dudenaussprachew0006unse/page/501 501] |quote='''Merkel''' {{IPA|ˈmɛrkl̩}} |url=https://archive.org/details/dudenaussprachew0006unse/page/501 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1=Krech, Eva-Maria |editor2=Stock, Eberhard |editor3=Hirschfeld, Ursula |editor4=Anders, Lutz Christian |title=Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch |edition=1st |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |year=2009 |isbn=978-3-11-018202-6 |page=739| quote='''Merkel''' {{IPA|mˈɛʶkl̩}}|display-editors=etal}}</ref> and her first name is pronounced {{IPA|de|ˈaŋɡela|}} or {{IPA|de|aŋˈɡeːla|}},<ref name="Dudenverlag-1995">{{cite book |editor=Mangold, Max |title=Duden, Aussprachewörterbuch |edition=6th |year=1995 |publisher=Dudenverlag |language=de |isbn=978-3-411-20916-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/dudenaussprachew0006unse/page/139 139] |quote='''Angela''' {{IPA|ˈaŋɡela}} ''auch:'' {{IPA|aŋˈɡeːla}}. |url=https://archive.org/details/dudenaussprachew0006unse/page/139 }}</ref> but according to her biographer Langguth, Merkel prefers the latter pronunciation, with stress on the second syllable.<ref name="Langguth50">{{cite book |last=Langguth |first=Gerd |title=Angela Merkel |publisher=dtv |location=Munich |language=de |isbn=3-423-24485-2 |year=2005 |page=50 |quote=Merkel wollte immer mit der Betonung auf dem 'e' Angela genannt werden. (Merkel always wanted her first name pronounced with the stress on the 'e'.)}}</ref>}} née Kasner; namundag kan ika- 17 kan Hulyo taong 1954) sarong Aleman na retiradong pulitiko na nagsirbe bilang Kanselor kan Alemanya poon 2005 hasta 2021. Siya sana an babae na nagkapot kan nasabing opisina. Si Merkel dati nagserbi bilang Lider kan Oposisyon poon 2002 sagkod 2005 asin bilang Lider kan Christian Democratic Union (CDU) poon 2000 sagkod 2018.  Durante kan saiyang pagka-kanselor, si Merkel perming inaapod na ''de facto'' na lider kan [[Union Europea|Unyon Europeo]] (EU) asin an pinakamakapangyarihan na babae sa kinaban. Poon kan mga 2016 na eleksyon presidensyal kan Estados Unidos, siya parati na ilinaladawan bilang an lider kan talingkas na kinaban . 

Si Merkel namundag sa Hamburg sa Solnopan na Alemania. An saiyang pamilya nagbalyo sa Sirangan na Alemania kan siya omboy pa. Si Merkel nakakua nin diplomas bilang doktor sa quantum chemistry kan 1986 asin nagtrabaho bilang sarong siyentipiko sa pagsiyasat sagkod 1989. Dangan naglaog siya sa politika pagkatapos kan mga Rebolusyon kan 1989, na nagserbing deputadong tagapagtaram para sa pinakaenot na demokratikong elihidong gobyerno kan Sirangan na Alemania na pinangenotan ni Lothar de Maizière. Kasunod kan pagsararo giraray kan Alemania kan 1990, si Merkel naelihir sa Bundestag para sa estado nin Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Bilang protégé ni chancellor Helmut Kohl, si Merkel ninombrahan bilang Ministro para sa mga Kababaihan asin mga Hobenes kan 1991, na kan huri nagin Ministro para sa Kapalibutan, Pagpreserbar kan Kalikasan asin Kaligtasan sa Nukleyar kan 1994. Pagkatapos na madaog an CDU sa 1998 na eleksyon pederal, si Merkel naelihir na heneral na sekretaryo kan partido. Dangan siya an nagin pinakaenot na babaeng lider kan partido, asin man pinakenot na babaeng lider kan Oposisyon, pakaagi nin duwang taon.
Si Angela Dorothea Merkel (;  née Kasner; namundag kan ika- 17 kan Hulyo taong 1954) sarong Aleman na retiradong pulitiko na nagsirbe bilang Kanselor kan Alemanya poon 2005 hasta 2021. Siya sana an babae na nagkapot kan nasabing opisina. Si Merkel dati nagserbi bilang Lider kan Oposisyon poon 2002 sagkod 2005 asin bilang Lider kan Christian Democratic Union (CDU) poon 2000 sagkod 2018.  Durante kan saiyang pagka-kanselor, si Merkel perming inaapod na de facto na lider kan Unyon Europeo (EU) asin an pinakamakapangyarihan na babae sa kinaban. Poon kan mga 2016 na eleksyon presidensyal kan Estados Unidos, siya parati na ilinaladawan bilang an lider kan talingkas na kinaban . 

Si Merkel namundag sa Hamburg sa Solnopan na Alemania. An saiyang pamilya nagbalyo sa Sirangan na Alemania kan siya omboy pa. Si Merkel nakakua nin diplomas bilang doktor sa quantum chemistry kan 1986 asin nagtrabaho bilang sarong siyentipiko sa pagsiyasat sagkod 1989. Dangan naglaog siya sa politika pagkatapos kan mga Rebolusyon kan 1989, na nagserbing deputadong tagapagtaram para sa pinakaenot na demokratikong elihidong gobyerno kan Sirangan na Alemania na pinangenotan ni Lothar de Maizière. Kasunod kan pagsararo giraray kan Alemania kan 1990, si Merkel naelihir sa Bundestag para sa estado nin Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Bilang protégé ni chancellor Helmut Kohl, si Merkel ninombrahan bilang Ministro para sa mga Kababaihan asin mga Hobenes kan 1991, na kan huri nagin Ministro para sa Kapalibutan, Pagpreserbar kan Kalikasan asin Kaligtasan sa Nukleyar kan 1994. Pagkatapos na madaog an CDU sa 1998 na eleksyon pederal, si Merkel naelihir na heneral na sekretaryo kan partido. Dangan siya an nagin pinakaenot na babaeng lider kan partido, asin man pinakenot na babaeng lider kan Oposisyon, pakaagi nin duwang taon.