Swan maiden

[[Ladawan:Valkyries_with_swan_skins.jpg|too|thumb|Sa ''Völundarkviða'', si Wayland Smith asin an saiyang mga tugang nag-agom nin mga valkyries na nakasulot nin bado sa mga kublit nin swan.]]
An "'''swan maiden'''" istoryang ini pangaran sa soanoy na panahon ginagamit pagpanongod sa tolong klaseng estorya: idtong kun saen an saro sa karakter sarong [[gamgam]]- na daraga, na kung sain siya pwede magluwas magsalang bilang gamgam o komo babae; idtong yaon sa laog kan mga elemento kan kasaysayan iyo an pangdudukay kan balukag-hiro kabilang sa sarong gamgam-hayop, dawa bako ining pinakaimportanteng tema sa istorya; asin ultimo an pinakakomun na pinapanungdan an motif,at ang pinakaluma na pinanggalingan: an mga istorya ito kun sain an pangenot na tema, kabilang sa manlain-lain na motif, na an tungkol sa sarong lalaki na nahiling an daragang [[gamgam]] na nagkakarigos asin naghabon kan saiyang balahibong balabal, na humantong sa saiyang pagpapakasal sa daragang gamgam. . Kan kahaluyan, nakua kan daraga an damit asi n naglipad, nagbalik sa langit, asin pwedeng hanapon utro siya kan lalaki.<ref name=":022">{{Cite journal|last=Hatto|first=A. T.|date=1961|title=The Swan Maiden: A Folk-Tale of North Eurasian Origin?|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/610171|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London|volume=24|issue=2|pages=326–352|issn=0041-977X}}</ref><ref name=":03">{{Cite journal|last=d’Huy|first=Julien|date=2023-04-10|title=Compte de faits : ou comment les statistiques peuvent venir en aide à la mythologie comparée|url=https://journals.openedition.org/rlr/5479|journal=Revue des langues romanes|volume=1|issue=1|issn=0223-3711}}</ref> Saro ini sa mga may pinakamahiwas na sirkulasyon na motifs, kadaklan posibleng marhay na suanoy nang millennium, asin an pinakamidbid na [[Sobrenatural|lihis sa natural]] na [[Agom na babayi|agom na babae]] sa mga istorya.<ref name=":16">{{Cite journal|last=Berezkin|first=Yuri|title=Sky-Maiden and World Mythology|url=https://publications-prairial.fr/iris/index.php?id=3149&file=1|journal=Iris|issue=31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.br/books?id=-3S7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA51|title=Stealing Helen: The Myth of the Abducted Wife in Comparative Perspective|last=Edmunds|first=Lowell|date=2020-04-28|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-20233-4|language=en}}</ref>

Kabali man ini sa mas dakulang motipikasyon kan "Magical Wife",<ref name=":162">{{Cite journal|last=Berezkin|first=Yuri|year=2010|title=Sky-Maiden and World Mythology|url=https://publications-prairial.fr/iris/index.php?id=3149&file=1|journal=Iris|issue=31}}</ref> mapanungod sa kategoryangindex  na ATU 400, "The Man on a Quest for His Lost Wife", kun sain an lalaki naggibo nin paksyon sa sarong lihis sa natural na babaying linalang, na kung saen naghali. An kategoryang ini saro sa pinaka-kontemporanyong nailista asin sentral na pinapanungdan kan gabos na iba pang mga istorya, halimbawa kaiba an Motivyer nin [[:en:Dragonslayer|Dragonslayer]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=d'Huy|first=Julien|title=Folk-Tale Networks: A Statistical Approach to Combinations of Tale Types|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334291555_2019_Folk-Tale_Networks_A_Statistical_Approach_to_Combinations_of_Tale_Types_-_Journal_of_Ethnology_and_Folkloristics_131_29-49|journal=Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics|issue=1}}</ref> Mas dakul pa an, inaapod man ining gamgam na daraga o langit na daraga motif, ta bako pirmi sindang mga sahangan: an angay na apodon na daraga minatunga sa mga istorya kan pinakamatugdok na rehiyon, na kun saen parte sinda nin sarong grupo kun sain an mga gamgam na daraga migrasyon na mga gamgam, kaiba an ibang bansa, arog baga kan ganso, [[itik]], crane asin tagak. An langit na daraga puwede man na magluwas sa ibang istorya bilang [[Salampati|Mga salampati]], bakong mainítang gamgam, asin siring man kan [[Bitoon|mga bitoon]] o [[nymphs]] sa kalangitan.<ref name=":163">{{Cite journal|last=Berezkin|first=Yuri|year=2010|title=Sky-Maiden and World Mythology|url=https://publications-prairial.fr/iris/index.php?id=3149&file=1|journal=Iris|issue=31}}</ref>

An literal na karakter kan swan an partikularmente sarong osipon na linalang na nag - aasul hale sa pormang tawo pasiring sa porma nin swan.<ref>Bäcker, Jörg. "Schwanjungfrau". In: ''[[Enzyklopädie des Màrchens|Enzyklopädie des Märchens]]'' Band 12: Schinden, Schinder – Sublimierung. Edited by Rudolf Wilhelm Brednich; Hermann Bausinger; Wolfgang Brückner; Daniel Drascek; Helge Gerndt; Ines Köhler-Zülch; Lutz Röhrich; Klaus Roth. De Gruyter, 2016 [2007]. p. 311. {{ISBN|978-3-11-019936-9}}.</ref> An liabe sa pagbabago parateng sarong halabang gubing, o bado na may mga balukag nin orig. Kan mga panahon kan arog kaining klase, an lalaking espiya sa karakter na babae, na tipiko nin sarong hawak nin tubig (sa parate nagkakarigos), dangan inaagaw an gubing na balukag (o iba pang artikulo nin bado), na minaolang saiya sa paglayog (o paglangoy, o ginigibo siang daing maginibo sa ibang paagi), kaya sia nagin agom nia.{{Sfnp|Thompson|1977}}

May mga pagkakaagid sa bilog na kinaban, notable an ''Völundarkviða''{{Sfnp|Thompson|1977}} asin''[[:en:Grimms'_Fairy_Tales|Grimms' Fairy Tales]]'' KHM 193 "[[The Drumme|The Drummer]]".{{Sfnp|Thompson|1977}} Dakol man  nin parallel na kinasasangkutan kan mga nilalang apuera sa nga swan.

== Hilingon pa ==

* Selkie (Mga daragang Suelyo) 
* Prinsipe bilang gamgam (an gamgam prinsipe asin kagot an daraga) 
* Si Jorinde asin Joringel (an daraga ginibong gamgam kan pararatak) 
* An Pagkamoot sa Tolong Orang (mga osipon na gibo sa burak) (an interes nin pagkamoot nagigin gamgam kan falsong nobya) 
* An Siyam na Peahen Asin an Bulawan na mga Aprotiba
* An Puting Duck (sarong pararatak nagsusumpa sa reyna pasiring sa sarong pormang lalake) 
* An Raven (Brothers Grim)  (sarong prinsipe an nagin uwak) 
* Si Eusebio (sarong agom na babae na may kapot na mga mermaid) 
* Si Undine (sarong marmadong agom na babae) 
* Kata'tan kan Swan (alternatibong pinangaranan na Helias o Lohengrin) 
* Dai Ko Na Aram an Sigto Asin Pagmate na Mayo Akong Naaraman
* Si Manoa, sarong [[Kinnara|Kinnari]] na namoot ki Prinsipe Sudhana
* Tennin
* An Langitnon na Maiden Asin an Woodcuter

== Bibliograpiya ==
 

== Iba pang babasahon ==
 {{refbegin}}
*{{cite book|title=In Search of the Swan Maiden|last1=Leavy|first1=Barbara Fass|publisher=NYU Press|year=1994|pages=33–63|chapter=Urvaśī and the Swan Maidens|jstor=j.ctt9qg995.5}}
*{{cite book|title=In Search of the Swan Maiden|last1=Leavy|first1=Barbara Fass|publisher=NYU Press|year=1994|pages=156–195|chapter=Swan Maiden and Incubus|jstor=j.ctt9qg995.8}}
*{{cite book|title=In Search of the Swan Maiden|last1=Leavy|first1=Barbara Fass|date=1994|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=978-0-8147-5268-5|pages=196–244|chapter=The Animal Bride|jstor=j.ctt9qg995.9}}
*{{cite journal|jstor=40918267|title=Swan Maidens and Smiths: A Structural Study of "Völundarkviða"|last1=Burson|first1=Anne|journal=Scandinavian Studies|year=1983|volume=55|issue=1|pages=1–19}}
*{{cite journal|jstor=40988761|title=Métamorphoses chrétiennes des femmes-cygnes: Du folklore à l'hagiographie|last1=Grange|first1=Isabelle|journal=Ethnologie Française|year=1983|volume=13|issue=2|pages=139–150}}
* Hartland, E. Sidney. ''The science of fairy tales: An inquiry into fairy mythology''. London: W. Scott. pp.&nbsp;255–332. 
* Holmström, H. (1919). ''Studier över svanjungfrumotivet i Volundarkvida och annorstädes'' (A study on the motif of the swan maiden in Volundarkvida, with annotations). Malmö: Maiander.
* Kleivan, Inge. ''The Swan Maiden Myth Among the Eskimo''. København: Ejnar Munksgaard. 1962.
*{{cite journal|doi=10.7592/FEJF2007.36.kobayashi|title=The Forbidden Love in Nature. Analysis of the "Animal Wife" Folktale in Terms of Content Level, Structural Level, and Semantic Level|year=2007|last1=Kobayashi|first1=Fumihiko|journal=Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore|volume=36|pages=141–152|doi-access=free}}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.15405/epsbs.2018.04.02.10|title=Conceptual Integration of Swan Maiden Image in Russian and English Fairytales|series=The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences|year=2018|last1=Kovalchuk|first1=Lidia|pages=68–74}}
*{{cite journal|jstor=4527075|title=Das Märchen von der Schwanenjungfrau in Japan|last1=Mänchen-Helfen|first1=Otto|journal=T'oung Pao|year=1936|volume=32|issue=1|pages=1–14|doi=10.1163/156853236X00010}}
*{{cite journal|last1=Newell|first1=W. W.|title=Lady Featherflight. An English Folk-Tale|journal=The Journal of American Folklore|date=January 1893|volume=6|issue=20|pages=54–62|doi=10.2307/534281|jstor=534281}}
*{{cite journal|doi=10.2307/533373|jstor=533373|title=Sources of Shakespeare's Tempest|year=1903|last1=Newell|first1=W. W.|journal=The Journal of American Folklore|volume=16|issue=63|pages=234–257}}
*{{cite journal|jstor=40915312|last1=Peterson|first1=Martin Severin|title=Some Scandinavian Elements in a Micmac Swan Maiden Story|journal=Scandinavian Studies and Notes|year=1930|volume=11|issue=4|pages=135–138}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Petkova|first1=G.|title=Propp and the Japanese folklore: applying morphological parsing to answer questions concerning the specifics of the Japanese fairy tale|journal=Asiatische Studien/Études Asiatiques|date=2009|volume=63|issue=March 2009|pages=597–618|doi=10.5167/uzh-23802}}
* Tawney, Charles Henry. ''The ocean of story, being C.H. Tawney's translation of Somadeva's Katha sarit sagara (or Ocean of streams of story)''. Book 8. London, Priv. print. for subscribers only by C.J. Sawyer. 1924–1928. Appendix I. pp.&nbsp;213–234.
* Thomson, Stith. ''Tales of the North American Indians''. 1929. pp.&nbsp;150–174.
* Tuzin, Donald F. ''The Cassowary's Revenge: The life and death of masculinity in a New Guinea society''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1997. pp.&nbsp;68–89.
*{{cite journal|jstor=2740874|last1=Utley|first1=Francis Lee|last2=Austerlitz|first2=Robert|last3=Bauman|first3=Richard|last4=Bolton|first4=Ralph|last5=Count|first5=Earl W.|last6=Dundes|first6=Alan|last7=Erickson|first7=Vincent|last8=Farmer|first8=Malcolm F.|last9=Fischer|first9=J. L.|last10=Hultkrantz|first10=Åke|last11=Kelley|first11=David H.|last12=Peek|first12=Philip M.|last13=Pretty|first13=Graeme|last14=Rachlin|first14=C. K.|last15=Tepper|first15=J.|title=The Migration of Folktales: Four Channels to the Americas &#91;and Comments and Reply&#93;|journal=Current Anthropology|year=1974|volume=15|issue=1|pages=5–27|doi=10.1086/201428|s2cid=144105176}}
* Wrigglesworth, Hazel J. ''The Maiden of Many Nations: the Skymaiden Who Married a Man From Earth''. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines, 1991.
* Young, Serinity. ''Women who fly: goddesses, witches, mystics, and other airborne females''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2018. {{ISBN|978-0195307887}}
* Agundes Garcia, J. Luis. "Cuentos de tradición oral (Parte I)". In: ''Revista Folklore'', nº 212, pp.&nbsp;39–47, 1998.
* {{cite journal|last1=Hong|first1=Seong-yong|last2=Lee|first2=Si-jun|title=Diachronic Consideration on Japanese〈A Heavenly being wife〉Tale type - Focus on comparison with Korean 〈A fairy and a woodman〉|journal=외국문학연구|date=2016|issue=61|pages=527–548|url=https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002084266|language=ko}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Bao|first1=Hasi|title=The Comparative Study of Mongolian and Manchu Swan Maiden Myth|journal=Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University|date=2012|volume=41|issue=4|pages=63–70|url=https://caod.oriprobe.com/articles/30451734/The_Comparative_Study_of_Mongolian_and_Manchu_Swan.htm}}
* {{cite journal|last=Chang|first=Dusik|title=A Study on the transformation pattern of Mongolian 'Swan Maiden' type folktales|journal=Mongolian Studies|date=2003|volume=15|pages=7–156|url=https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART000924678|language=ko}}
* {{cite journal|last=Lee|first=Ji-hee|title=On a heavenly mother of Manchu primogenitor and 'a heavenly maiden's son' type myth|journal=중국문학연구|date=2011|issue=44|pages=1–26|url=https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART001584483|language=ko}}
* Fu, Xiuyan. "The Creation of Crane-Fairy Tales". In: Chinese Narratologies. Springer, Singapore, 2021. pp.&nbsp;235–251. {{doi|10.1007/978-981-15-7507-5_12}}.
{{refend}}

== Panluwas na mga takod ==

** [http://www.primitivism.com/swan-maidens.htm Icelandic tale.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128235013/http://www.primitivism.com/swan-maidens.htm|date=28 January 2011}}
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20051218193754/http://www.advancedpoetx.com/STUDIO/maidene.html Various tales.]
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20060110012700/http://www.maerchenlexikon.de/etexte/400/te400-006.htm A Swedish swan maiden tale translated into English.]
** [http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/authors/jacobs/european/swanmaidens.html ''The Swan Maidens''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205023339/http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/authors/jacobs/european/swanmaidens.html|date=5 February 2012}} as reconstructed by [[:en:Joseph_Jacobs|Joseph Jacobs]]
** [http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/swan.html Folktales of type Aarne-Thompson 400*, "The Swan Maiden"] by [[:en:D._L._Ashliman|D. L. Ashliman]]
** [[iarchive:TheSwanMaiden|Archived audio recording of "The Swan Maiden" folktale]]

[[Kategorya:Female characters in fairy tales]]
An "swan maiden" istoryang ini pangaran sa soanoy na panahon ginagamit pagpanongod sa tolong klaseng estorya: idtong kun saen an saro sa karakter sarong gamgam- na daraga, na kung sain siya pwede magluwas magsalang bilang gamgam o komo babae; idtong yaon sa laog kan mga elemento kan kasaysayan iyo an pangdudukay kan balukag-hiro kabilang sa sarong gamgam-hayop, dawa bako ining pinakaimportanteng tema sa istorya; asin ultimo an pinakakomun na pinapanungdan an motif,at ang pinakaluma na pinanggalingan: an mga istorya ito kun sain an pangenot na tema, kabilang sa manlain-lain na motif, na an tungkol sa sarong lalaki na nahiling an daragang gamgam na nagkakarigos asin naghabon kan saiyang balahibong balabal, na humantong sa saiyang pagpapakasal sa daragang gamgam. . Kan kahaluyan, nakua kan daraga an damit asi n naglipad, nagbalik sa langit, asin pwedeng hanapon utro siya kan lalaki. Saro ini sa mga may pinakamahiwas na sirkulasyon na motifs, kadaklan posibleng marhay na suanoy nang millennium, asin an pinakamidbid na lihis sa natural na agom na babae sa mga istorya.

Kabali man ini sa mas dakulang motipikasyon kan "Magical Wife", mapanungod sa kategoryangindex  na ATU 400, "The Man on a Quest for His Lost Wife", kun sain an lalaki naggibo nin paksyon sa sarong lihis sa natural na babaying linalang, na kung saen naghali. An kategoryang ini saro sa pinaka-kontemporanyong nailista asin sentral na pinapanungdan kan gabos na iba pang mga istorya, halimbawa kaiba an Motivyer nin Dragonslayer. Mas dakul pa an, inaapod man ining gamgam na daraga o langit na daraga motif, ta bako pirmi sindang mga sahangan: an angay na apodon na daraga minatunga sa mga istorya kan pinakamatugdok na rehiyon, na kun saen parte sinda nin sarong grupo kun sain an mga gamgam na daraga migrasyon na mga gamgam, kaiba an ibang bansa, arog baga kan ganso, itik, crane asin tagak. An langit na daraga puwede man na magluwas sa ibang istorya bilang Mga salampati, bakong mainítang gamgam, asin siring man kan mga bitoon o nymphs sa kalangitan.

An literal na karakter kan swan an partikularmente sarong osipon na linalang na nag - aasul hale sa pormang tawo pasiring sa porma nin swan.Bäcker, Jörg. "Schwanjungfrau". In: Enzyklopädie des Märchens Band 12: Schinden, Schinder – Sublimierung. Edited by Rudolf Wilhelm Brednich; Hermann Bausinger; Wolfgang Brückner; Daniel Drascek; Helge Gerndt; Ines Köhler-Zülch; Lutz Röhrich; Klaus Roth. De Gruyter, 2016 [2007]. p. 311. . An liabe sa pagbabago parateng sarong halabang gubing, o bado na may mga balukag nin orig. Kan mga panahon kan arog kaining klase, an lalaking espiya sa karakter na babae, na tipiko nin sarong hawak nin tubig (sa parate nagkakarigos), dangan inaagaw an gubing na balukag (o iba pang artikulo nin bado), na minaolang saiya sa paglayog (o paglangoy, o ginigibo siang daing maginibo sa ibang paagi), kaya sia nagin agom nia.

May mga pagkakaagid sa bilog na kinaban, notable an Völundarkviða asinGrimms' Fairy Tales KHM 193 "The Drummer". Dakol man  nin parallel na kinasasangkutan kan mga nilalang apuera sa nga swan.

 Hilingon pa 

 Selkie (Mga daragang Suelyo) 
 Prinsipe bilang gamgam (an gamgam prinsipe asin kagot an daraga) 
 Si Jorinde asin Joringel (an daraga ginibong gamgam kan pararatak) 
 An Pagkamoot sa Tolong Orang (mga osipon na gibo sa burak) (an interes nin pagkamoot nagigin gamgam kan falsong nobya) 
 An Siyam na Peahen Asin an Bulawan na mga Aprotiba
 An Puting Duck (sarong pararatak nagsusumpa sa reyna pasiring sa sarong pormang lalake) 
 An Raven (Brothers Grim)  (sarong prinsipe an nagin uwak) 
 Si Eusebio (sarong agom na babae na may kapot na mga mermaid) 
 Si Undine (sarong marmadong agom na babae) 
 Kata'tan kan Swan (alternatibong pinangaranan na Helias o Lohengrin) 
 Dai Ko Na Aram an Sigto Asin Pagmate na Mayo Akong Naaraman
 Si Manoa, sarong Kinnari na namoot ki Prinsipe Sudhana
 Tennin
 An Langitnon na Maiden Asin an Woodcuter

 Bibliograpiya 
 

 Iba pang babasahon 
 

 Hartland, E. Sidney. The science of fairy tales: An inquiry into fairy mythology. London: W. Scott. pp. 255–332. 
 Holmström, H. (1919). Studier över svanjungfrumotivet i Volundarkvida och annorstädes (A study on the motif of the swan maiden in Volundarkvida, with annotations). Malmö: Maiander.
 Kleivan, Inge. The Swan Maiden Myth Among the Eskimo. København: Ejnar Munksgaard. 1962.

 
 Tawney, Charles Henry. The ocean of story, being C.H. Tawney's translation of Somadeva's Katha sarit sagara (or Ocean of streams of story). Book 8. London, Priv. print. for subscribers only by C.J. Sawyer. 1924–1928. Appendix I. pp. 213–234.
 Thomson, Stith. Tales of the North American Indians. 1929. pp. 150–174.
 Tuzin, Donald F. The Cassowary's Revenge: The life and death of masculinity in a New Guinea society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1997. pp. 68–89.

 Wrigglesworth, Hazel J. The Maiden of Many Nations: the Skymaiden Who Married a Man From Earth. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines, 1991.
 Young, Serinity. Women who fly: goddesses, witches, mystics, and other airborne females. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2018. 
 Agundes Garcia, J. Luis. "Cuentos de tradición oral (Parte I)". In: Revista Folklore, nº 212, pp. 39–47, 1998.
 
 
 
 
 Fu, Xiuyan. "The Creation of Crane-Fairy Tales". In: Chinese Narratologies. Springer, Singapore, 2021. pp. 235–251. .

 Panluwas na mga takod 

 Icelandic tale. 
 Various tales.
 A Swedish swan maiden tale translated into English.
 The Swan Maidens  as reconstructed by Joseph Jacobs
 Folktales of type Aarne-Thompson 400*, "The Swan Maiden" by D. L. Ashliman
 Archived audio recording of "The Swan Maiden" folktale

Kategorya:Female characters in fairy tales