Octavia E. Butler

{{Infobox writer|name=Octavia E. Butler|image=Butler signing.jpg|birth_name=Octavia Estelle Butler|birth_date={{birth date|1947|6|22}}|birth_place=[[Pasadena, California]], U.S.|death_date={{death date and age|2006|2|24|1947|6|22}}|death_place=[[Lake Forest Park, Washington]], U.S.|occupation=Writer|education=[[Pasadena City College]] ([[Associate of Arts|AA]])<br />[[California State University, Los Angeles]]|period=1970–2006<ref name=isfdb/>|genre=[[Science fiction]]|awards=[[MacArthur Fellow]]<br />[[Hugo Award]]<br />[[Nebula Award]]<br />''[[Octavia Butler#Awards and honors|See list]]''|signature=Octavia E. Butler signature.svg|website={{url|octaviabutler.com|Official website}}|caption=Butler signing a copy of ''Fledgling'' in 2005}}

Si '''Octavia Estelle Butler''' (Hunyo 22, 1947 – Pebrero 24, 2006) sarong Amerikanong parasurat nin science fiction na nanggana nin nagkapirang premyo para sa saiyang mga obra, kabali an Hugo, Locus, asin Nebula awards. Kan 1995, si Butler an nagin pinakaenot na parasurat nin science-fiction na nag-ako nin MacArthur Fellowship . <ref name="kindafter1">Crossley, Robert. "Critical Essay." In&nbsp;''Kindred'', by Octavia Butler. Boston: Beacon, 2004. {{ISBN|978-0-8070-8369-7}}</ref> <ref name="macfound2">{{cite web|title=Octavia Butler|url=https://www.macfound.org/fellows/505/|website=MacArthur Foundation Fellows|access-date=October 9, 2015}}</ref>

Namundag sa Pasadena, California, si Butler pinadakula kan saiyang balo nang ina. Siya masusupgon na gayo kan siya aki pa, alagad si Butler nakanompong nin paagi sa libreriya sa pagbasa nin pantasya, asin sa pagsurat. Nagpoon siyang magsurat nin science fiction kan siya tin-edyer pa. Si Butler nag-adal sa kolehiyo sa komunidad durante kan mobimientong Black Power kan mga taon 1960. Mantang nagpartisipar sa sarong lokal na workshop nin parasurat, siya naenkaminar na mag-atender sa Clarion Workshop na nakasentro sa science fiction. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Anderson|first=Hephzibah|title=Why Octavia E Butler's novels are so relevant today|url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20200317-why-octavia-e-butlers-novels-are-so-relevant-today|access-date=2022-11-25|website=www.bbc.com|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last=George|first=Lynell|title=The Visions of Octavia Butler|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/11/17/arts/octavia-butler-vision-kindred.html}}</ref> Ipinabakal niya an saiyang mga enot na istorya dai nahaloy pagkatapos, asin kan huring parte kan dekada 1970 nagin nang mapanggana bilang sarong parasurat tanganing makasurat nin bilog na panahon.

An mga libro asin halipot na osipon ni Butler nakakua nin paborableng atensyon kan mga kritiko asin kan publiko, asin dai nahaloy nagsunod an mga premyo. Nagtukdo man siya nin mga workshop nin parasurat, asin nagtaram manungod sa saiyang mga eksperyensya bilang sarong Aprikanong Amerikano, na ginagamit an siring na mga tema sa science fiction. Sa kahurihurihi nagbalyo siya sa [[Washington]] . Si Butler nagadan huli sa stroke sa edad na 58. An saiyang mga papel yaon sa koleksyon nin pagsiyasat kan Huntington Library sa San Marino, California . <ref>{{cite web|title=Mining the Archive of Octavia E. Butler|author=Ayana Jamieson|date=June 22, 2017|access-date=November 9, 2020|url=https://www.huntington.org/verso/2018/08/mining-archive-octavia-e-butler}}</ref>

== Amay na buhay ==
Si Octavia Estelle Butler namundag sa Pasadena, [[California]], an solong aki ni Octavia Margaret Guy, sarong katabang sa harong, asin Laurice James Butler, sarong parapahugas nin sapatos . An ama ni Butler nagadan kan siya pitong taon pa sana. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Biography: Octavia Estelle Butler|url=https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/octavia-estelle-butler|access-date=2025-01-10|website=National Women's History Museum|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Edmund|first=Aiyana|date=2018-02-28|title=12 Fast Facts About Octavia E. Butler {{!}} LiteraryLadiesGuide|url=https://www.literaryladiesguide.com/literary-musings/fast-facts-about-octavia-butler/|access-date=2025-01-10|website=Literary Ladies Guide|language=en-US}}</ref> Pinadakula siya kan saiyang ina asin lola sa ina sa saiyang magigirumduman sa huri bilang sarong estriktong kapalibutan na Baptist . <ref name="Gant2">{{cite journal|editor-last1=Gant-Britton|editor-first1=Lisbeth|editor-last2=Smith|editor-first2=Valerie|date=2001|title=Butler, Octavia (1947– )|journal=African American Writers|edition=2nd|volume=1|location=New York|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|pages=95–110}}</ref>

Nagdakula sa Pasadena, si Butler nakaeksperyensya nin limitadong pagkakaiba-iba sa kultura asin etniko sa tahaw kan de facto na pagsegregar sa rasa sa nakapalibot na lugar. Inibanan niya an saiyang ina sa saiyang trabaho sa paglinig kun saen, bilang mga trabahador, an duwa naglaog sa mga harong kan mga puti sa paagi kan mga pinto sa likod. An saiyang ina tinatrato nin maraot kan saiyang mga among. <ref name="EAAW">{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of African-American writing : five centuries of contribution: trials & triumphs of writers, poets, publications and organizations|last=Hatch|first=Shari Dorantes|publisher=[[Grey House Publishing]]|year=2009|isbn=978-1-59237-291-1|edition=2nd|location=Amenia, NY|chapter=Butler, Octavia E. (Estelle) 6/22/1947–2/24/2006|oclc=173807586}}</ref>  
 {{quote box|width=23em|quote=I began writing about power because I had so little.|salign=right|source=—Octavia E. Butler, in Carolyn S. Davidson's <br />"The Science Fiction of Octavia Butler."}}
Poon sa amay na edad, an sarong haros nakakaparalisadong pagkamasusupog nagpadepisil ki Butler na makipag-olay sa ibang mga aki. An saiyang pagka-awkward, na may kaibang dikit na dyslexia na nagpangyari sa mga trabaho sa eskwelahan na magin sarong pasakit, an nagin dahilan ki Butler na madaling punteriya kan mga paradaogdaog. <ref name="obit">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/01/books/01butler.html|title=Octavia E. Butler, Science Fiction Writer, Dies at 58|last=Fox|first=Margalit}}</ref> Nagtutubod siya na siya "maringis asin lolong, torpe, asin daing paglaom sa sosyedad." <ref name="PosObs">{{Cite news|last=Butler, Octavia E.|title=Positive Obsession|location=New York|publisher=Seven Stories}}</ref> Bilang resulta, parati niyang ginagamit an saiyang oras sa pagbasa sa Pasadena Central Library .  Nagsurat man siya nin mahiwas sa saiyang "dakulang rosas na notebook". 

Huling sa primero naadik sa mga osipon asin istorya nin kabayo, marikas siyang nagin interesado sa mga magasin nin science fiction, arog kan ''Amazing Stories'', ''Galaxy Science Fiction'', asin ''The Magazine of Fantasy &amp;amp; Science Fiction'' . Nagpoon siyang magbasa nin mga istorya ni John Brunner, Zenna Henderson, asin Theodore Sturgeon .  
 {{quote box|quote=Why aren't there more SF [science fiction] Black writers? There aren't because there aren't. What we don't see, we assume can't be. What a destructive assumption.|source=—Octavia E. Butler, in "Octavia E. Butler: Telling My Stories."<ref>"Octavia E. Butler: Telling My Stories." Program and Exhibit (April 8 – August 7, 2017), The Huntington Library, San Marino, California.</ref>|width=23em|salign=left}}

== Mga huring taon asin kagadanan ==
Sa saiyang mga huring taon, si Butler nakipaglaban sa writer's block asin [[depresyon]], na sarong parte kawsa kan mga epekto kan bulong para sa alta presyon nin dugo .  <ref name="BLC">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dZchmwEACAAJ|title=Black Literature Criticism: Classic and Emerging Authors since 1950|publisher=Gale|year=2008|isbn=9-781-41443-1703|editor-last=Krstovic|editor-first=Jelena O.|edition=2nd|volume=1|location=Detroit|pages=244–258|chapter=Butler, Octavia 1947–2006|via=Google Books}}</ref> Nagpadagos siya sa pagsurat asin nagtukdo sa Clarion's Science Fiction Writers' Workshop nin regular. Kan 2005, siya pig-indukto sa Chicago State University 's International Black Writers Hall of Fame. 

Si Butler nagadan sa luwas kan saiyang harong sa Lake Forest Park, Washington, kan Pebrero 24, 2006, sa edad na 58.  An mga bareta sa presenteng panahon bakong magkapareho kun ano an dahelan kan saiyang kagadanan, na an nagkapira nagbabareta na sia nagkaigwa nin fatal na stroke asin an iba nagsasabi na sia nagadan huli sa mga lugad sa payo pakatapos na mahulog asin matamaan an saiyang payo sa saiyang agihan na gibo sa gapo. <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.advocate.com/arts-entertainment/entertainment-news/2006/02/28/sci-fi-author-octavia-butler-dies-58|title=Sci-fi author Octavia Butler dies at 58|date=February 28, 2006|work=The Advocate}}</ref> An saro pang interpretasyon, na suportado kan magasin ''na Locus'', iyo na an sarong stroke an nagin dahelan kan pagkahulog asin kan mga kasunod na lugad sa payo. <ref name="locus-obit2">{{cite journal|title=Obituaries|journal=[[Locus (magazine)|Locus]]|issn=0047-4959|issue=4.543|volume=56}}</ref>

Si Butler nagmantenir nin halawig na relasyon sa Huntington Library asin ipinamana an saiyang mga papeles, kabali an mga manuskrito, surat, mga papeles sa eskwelahan, mga notebook, asin mga retrato, sa libreriya sa saiyang testamento. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/jacketcopy/2009/10/octavia-butler.html|title=Octavia Butler's papers going to the Huntington Library|date=October 2, 2009|website=LA Times Blogs – Jacket Copy|language=en-US|access-date=October 23, 2017}}</ref> An koleksyon, na binibilog nin 9,062 na pidaso sa 386 na kahon, 1 tomo, 2 binder asin 18 broadside, itinao sa mga iskolar asin parasiyasat kan 2010. <ref name="papers2">{{cite web|title=Octavia E. Butler Papers|url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8hm5br8/|access-date=January 11, 2017|website=oac.cdlib.org|publisher=Online Archives of California}}</ref> Itinao ni Butler an saro sa saiyang mga makinilya sa Anacostia Community Museum kan Smithsonian Institution para sa sarong eksibisyon kan 2003-2004 na nagseselebrar kan literaturang Amerikanong Itom. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Magazine|first=Smithsonian|last2=Kearse|first2=Stephen|title=In Her Inventive and Prescient Stories, Octavia Butler Wrote Herself Into the Science Fiction Canon|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/inventive-prescient-stories-octavia-butler-wrote-herself-into-science-fiction-canon-180985642/|access-date=2025-01-16|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en}}</ref>

== Mga premyo asin onra ==

* 1980: Creative Arts Award, L.A. YWCA.<ref name="OffSite">[http://octaviabutler.org/bio/ "Octavia E. Butler-About."] {{Webarchive}} [http://octaviabutler.org Octavia E. Butler Official Website.] {{Webarchive}}</ref>
* 1984: Hugo Award for Best Short Story – "Speech Sounds"
* 1984: Nebula Award for Best Novelette – "Bloodchild"
* 1985: Locus Award for Best Novelette – "Bloodchild"
* 1985: Hugo Award for Best Novelette – "Bloodchild"
* 1985: ''Science Fiction Chronicle'' Award for Best Novelette – "Bloodchild"
* 1988: ''Science Fiction Chronicle'' Award for Best Novelette – "The Evening and the Morning and the Night"<ref name="HoldenShawltime">"Octavia E. Butler Biographical Timeline", in Rebecca J. Holden and Nisi Shawl (eds), ''Strange Matings: Science Fiction, Feminism, African American Voices, and Octavia E. Butler'', Aqueduct Press, 2013. {{ISBN|978-1-61976-037-0}}</ref>
* 1995: John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation "Genius" Grant
* 1995: ''Bloodchild'', a <nowiki><i id="mwBCk">New York Times</i></nowiki> Notable Book<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bloodchild and Other Stories|url=https://www.goodreads.com/work/1188455-bloodchild-and-other-stories|access-date=2023-03-12|website=Goodreads|language=en}}</ref>
* 1997: Honorary Degree in Humane Letters, from Kenyon College
* 1998: James Tiptree Jr. Award Honor List– ''Parable of the Talents<ref>{{cite web|title=1998 James Tiptree, Jr. Award|url=https://tiptree.org/award/1998-james-tiptree-jr-award|website=James Tiptree, Jr. Literary Award|date=April 13, 2017}}</ref>''
* 1999: ''Los Angeles Times'' Bestseller – ''Parable of the Talents''
* 1999: Nebula Award for Best Novel – ''Parable of the Talents<ref>{{Cite web|date=1999-04-18|title=Author & Participant Bios|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-apr-18-bk-28784-story.html|access-date=2022-03-30|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref>''
* 2001: Arthur C. Clarke Award Shortlist – ''Parable of the Talents''
* 2000: Lifetime Achievement Award in Writing from the PEN American Center<ref name="HoldenShawltime" />
* 2005: Langston Hughes Medal of The City College
* 2010: Inducted by the Science Fiction Hall of Fame
* 2012: Solstice Award.
* 2018: The International Astronomical Union named a mountain on Charon (a moon of [[Pluto]]) Butler Mons to honor the author, after a public suggestion period and nomination by [[NASA]].
* 2018: Google featured her in a Google Doodle in the United States on June 22, 2018, which would have been Butler's 71st birthday.
* 2019: Asteroid 7052 Octaviabutler, discovered by American astronomer Eleanor Helin at Palomar Observatory in 1988, was named in her memory. The official {{MoMP|7052|naming citation}} was published by the Minor Planet Center on August 27, 2019 ({{Small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 115893}}).
* 2019: Los Angeles Public Library opened the Octavia Lab, a do-it-yourself maker space and audiovisual space named in Butler's honor.
* 2021: Inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame.

[[Ladawan:PIA24483-MarsPerseveranceRover-OctaviaEButler-LandingSite-20210305.jpg|too|thumb|300x300px|<div align="center"> Mars ''Perseverance'' rover – Octavia E. Butler Nagduong sa Jezero Crater</div>]]

* 2021: [[NASA|An NASA]] nginaranan an Mars landing site kan <nowiki><i id="mwBKE">Perseverance</i></nowiki> rover na " Octavia E. Butler Landing " bilang saiyang onra.  
* 2022: Tinawan kan pinakaenot na Infinity Award kan Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers Association, na itinatao sa mga nagadan bago pa man sinda makonsiderar para sa sarong Grand Master award. <ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|last2=|first2=|last3=|first3=|last4=|first4=|last5=|first5=|title=Infinity Award|url=https://nebulas.sfwa.org/award/infinity-award/|access-date=2024-11-02|website=Science Fiction & Fantasy Writers Association|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2023-04-27|title=The Inaugural Infinity Award Honoree: Octavia E. Butler|url=https://www.sfwa.org/2023/04/27/the-inaugural-infinity-award-honoree-octavia-e-butler/|access-date=2024-11-02|website=SFWA|language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2022: An eskwelahan na inadalan ni Butler para sa middle school binago an pangaran kaini sa Octavia E. Butler Magnet. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://19thnews.org/2022/11/pasadena-school-octavia-butler-alma-mater/|title=Octavia Butler's middle school has been renamed in her honor|first=Nadra|last=Nittle|date=November 4, 2022|website=The 19th}}</ref>
* 2023: Kan Pebrero 2023, sarong tindahan nin libro na an pangaran Octavia's Bookshelf an nagbukas sa Pasadena, California . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-01-03|title=A new indie bookstore named for Octavia Butler is opening in the author's hometown.|url=https://lithub.com/a-new-indie-bookstore-named-for-octavia-butler-is-opening-in-the-authors-hometown/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218005330/https://lithub.com/a-new-indie-bookstore-named-for-octavia-butler-is-opening-in-the-authors-hometown/|archive-date=2023-02-18|access-date=2023-02-18|website=Literary Hub|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Mga iskolar sa Memorial ==
Kan 2006, an Carl Brandon Society nagmukna kan Octavia E. Butler Memorial Scholarship bilang memorya ni Butler, tanganing an mga parasurat na kolor makaatender sa taonan na Clarion West Writers Workshop asin Clarion Writers' Workshop, mga gikan kan orihinal na Clarion Science Fiction Writers' Workshop sa Clarion, Pennsylvania, kun saen nagpoon si Butler. An enot na mga iskolar itinao kan 2007. <ref name="Scholarship2">{{cite web|url=http://carlbrandon.org/butler-scholarship/|title=Octavia E. Butler Memorial Scholarship|year=2015|website=carlbrandon.org|publisher=[[Carl Brandon Society]]|access-date=October 15, 2016}}</ref>

Kan Marso 2019, an alma mater ni Butler, an Pasadena City College, nag-anunsyo kan Octavia E. Butler Memorial Scholarship para sa mga estudyante na nakalista sa programa kan Pathways asin nagkomiter na magbalyo sa apat na taon na mga institusyon. <ref name="PCC Scholarship2">{{cite web|url=https://pasadena.edu/foundation/about.php/finance-and-investment-meetings.php/|title=The Pasadena City College Foundation|year=2019|website=pasadena.edu|publisher=[[Pasadena City College]]|access-date=April 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708005135/https://pasadena.edu/foundation/about.php/finance-and-investment-meetings.php/|archive-date=July 8, 2019}}</ref>

An mga iskolarsip sa paggirumdom na isponsor kan Carl Brandon Society asin Pasadena City College nakakatabang na maotob an tolo sa mga katuyuhan sa buhay na isinurat ni Butler sa sarong notebook poon kan 1988: <ref>{{cite web|website=Portalist|url=https://theportalist.com/octavia-butler-facts|title=15 Fascinating Facts About Octavia Butler|author=Cox, Carolyn|publisher=Open Road Media|date=24 February 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|website=Portalist|url=https://theportalist.com/octavia-butler-facts|title=15 Fascinating Facts About Octavia Butler|author=Cox, Carolyn|publisher=Open Road Media|date=24 February 2018}}</ref><blockquote>"I will send poor black youngsters to Clarion or other writer's workshops

"I will help poor black youngsters broaden their horizons

"I will help poor black youngsters go to college"</blockquote>

== Mga gibo ==
An kumpletong bibliograpiya kan gibo ni Butler pinagtipon kan 2008 ni Calvin Ritch. <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ritch|first1=Calvin|title=An Octavia E. Butler Bibliography (1976–2008)|journal=Utopian Studies|date=2008|volume=19|issue=3|pages=485–516|doi=10.5325/utopianstudies.19.3.0485}}</ref>

=== Mga Nobela ===
''Patternist'' series (sa kronolohikal na pagkasunod-sunod):

# ''Wild Seed'' (Doubleday, 1980)
# ''Isip kan Sakong Isip'' (Doubleday, 1977)
# ''Clay's Ark'' (St. Martin's Press, 1984)
# ''Survivor'' (Doubleday, 1978)
# ''Patternmaster'' (Doubleday, 1976)

* Omnibus na edisyon (dai kabali ''an Survivor'' ): ''Seed to Harvest'' (Grand Central Publishing, 2007)

''Xenogenesis'', o serye ''kan Lilith's Brood'' :

# ''Dawn'' (Warner, 1987)
# ''Mga Rito sa Pagkagurang'' (Warner, 1988)
# ''Imago'' (Warner, 1989)

* Mga edisyon kan Omnibus:
** ''Xenogenesis'' (Guild America Books, 1989) <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://smile.amazon.com/Xenogenesis-Octavia-Butler/dp/1568650337/|title=Xenogenesis: Dawn / Adulthood Rites / Imago|date=January 1989|publisher=Guild America|isbn=978-1-56865-033-3}}</ref>
** ''Lilith's Brood'' (Warner, 2000) <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://smile.amazon.com/Liliths-Brood-Octavia-Butler/dp/0446676101/|title=Lilith's Brood|date=June 2000|publisher=Grand Central|isbn=978-0-446-67610-6}}</ref>

''Parabola'', o serye ''nin Earthseed'' :

# ''Parabola kan Parasabwag'' (Apat na Lanob, Walong Bintana, 1993)  {{Efn|''Parable of the Sower'' is a sci-fi novel about California burning in 2024. The [[Eaton Fire]] in January 2025 at [[Altadena, California|Altadena]] is near Octavia Butler's hometown of Pasadena.<ref name=RollingStone/>}}
# ''Parabola kan mga Talento'' (Seven Stories Press, 1998)

Mga solo:

* ''Kindred'' (Doubleday, 1979)
* ''Fledgling'' (Seven Stories Press, 2005)

=== Mga halipot na istorya ===
Mga Koleksyon:

* ''Bloodchild and Other Stories'' (Four Walls, Eight Windows, 1995; Seven Stories Press, 2005), koleksyon nin 4 halipot na istorya (1 idinagdag kan 2005), 3 nobeleta (1 idinagdag kan 2005) asin 2 essay:
*: "Bloodchild" (novelette), "An banggi asin an aga asin an banggi" (novelette), "Near of parent", "Speech sounds", "Crossover", "Positive obsession" (essay), "Furor scribendi" (essay ), "Amnesty" (novelette, idinagdag kan 2005), "An Libro ni Marta" (idinagdag kan 2005)
* ''Dai Inaasahan na mga Istorya'' (2014), koleksyon nin 1 halipot na istorya asin 1 nobeleta:
*: "Childfinder", "A Necessary Being" (novelette)

=== Bakong fiksyon ===

; Mga essay asin mga diskurso
:

* "Nawara na mga Rasa nin Science Fiction", ''Transmisyon'' (Tig-init 1980): pp.&nbsp;16-18
* "Kamundag nin sarong Parasurat", ''Essence'' 20 (Mayo 1989): 74+. Ipinaimprenta giraray bilang "Positibong Pagkahubog" sa ''Bloodchild asin Iba pang mga Istorya''
* "Mga Libreng Libreriya: Nawawara na daw sinda?", ''Omni'' 15.10 (Agosto 1993): 4
* "Mga Pagbiyahe", ''Mga Pagbiyahe'' 30 (Oct 1995). Parte kan sarong edisyon gikan sa PEN/Faulkner Foundation, sarong pahayag na itinao ni Butler sa PEN/Faulkner Awards para sa Fiction sa Rockville, MD sa Quill & Brush. Ipinimprenta giraray bilang "The Monophobic Response" (an titulo na mas gusto ni Butler), sa ''Dark Matter: A Century of Speculative Fiction from the African Diaspora'', ed. Sheree R Thomas (New York: Aspect/Warner Books, 2000), pp.&nbsp;415–416.
* [http://web.mit.edu/m-i-t/articles/butler_talk_index.html " ''Devil Girl from Mars'' : Kun tano ta nagsusurat ako nin Science Fiction"], ''Media in Transition'' (MIT), Pebrero 19, 1998; Transcript Oktubre 4, 1998)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150219020855/http://exittheapple.com/a-few-rules-for-predicting-the-future/ "Maisog na Bagong Kinaban: Sarong Pirang Reglamento sa Paghula kan Ngapit"], ''Essence'' 31.1 (Mayo 2000): 164+
* [https://legacy.npr.org/programs/specials/racism/010830.octaviabutleressay.html "Sarong Kinaban na mayong Rasismo": "NPR Essay - UN Racism Conference"], ''NPR Weekend Edition Sabado'' (Setyembre 1, 2001)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090814041146/http://www.oprah.com/article/omagazine/aha/rys_omag_200205_aha "Octavia Butler's Aha! Moment"], ''O, The Oprah Magazine'' 3.5 (Mayo 2002): 79–80

=== Mga bakong kumpletong nobela asin proyekto ===
Nagkapirang mga obra ni Octavia an dai natapos: <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-08-10|title=Now More than Ever, We Wish We Had These Lost Octavia Butler Novels|url=https://electricliterature.com/now-more-than-ever-we-wish-we-had-these-lost-octavia-butler-novels/|access-date=2022-06-06|website=Electric Literature|language=en-US}}</ref>

* "Dapat kong sinabi..." (memoir, 1998)
* "Paraclete" (nobela, 2001)
* "Spiritus" (nobela, 2001)
* "Parabola kan Paradaya" (nobela, 1990s-2000s)

=== Mga istorya asin nobela na dai pa naipublikar/dai pa naimprenta ===

* "To the Victor" (Istorya, 1965, sa irarom kan pangaran na Karen Adams, na nanggana sa pagsusumite para sa sarong kompetisyon sa Pasadena City College)
* "Loss" (Istorya, 1967, ika-5 pwesto sa nasyonal na paligsahan nin halipot na osipon ''sa Writer's Digest'' )
* ''Blindsight'' (Nobela: 1978, nagpoon; 1981, enot na draft; 1984, ikaduwang draft)

== Hilingon man ==

* Afrofuturism
* Mga babae sa espekulatibong osipon
* Itom na science fiction
* Feministang science fiction

== Toltolan ==
<references />
{{Tamboan}}
[[Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations]]
Si Octavia Estelle Butler (Hunyo 22, 1947 – Pebrero 24, 2006) sarong Amerikanong parasurat nin science fiction na nanggana nin nagkapirang premyo para sa saiyang mga obra, kabali an Hugo, Locus, asin Nebula awards. Kan 1995, si Butler an nagin pinakaenot na parasurat nin science-fiction na nag-ako nin MacArthur Fellowship . Crossley, Robert. "Critical Essay." In Kindred, by Octavia Butler. Boston: Beacon, 2004.  

Namundag sa Pasadena, California, si Butler pinadakula kan saiyang balo nang ina. Siya masusupgon na gayo kan siya aki pa, alagad si Butler nakanompong nin paagi sa libreriya sa pagbasa nin pantasya, asin sa pagsurat. Nagpoon siyang magsurat nin science fiction kan siya tin-edyer pa. Si Butler nag-adal sa kolehiyo sa komunidad durante kan mobimientong Black Power kan mga taon 1960. Mantang nagpartisipar sa sarong lokal na workshop nin parasurat, siya naenkaminar na mag-atender sa Clarion Workshop na nakasentro sa science fiction.   Ipinabakal niya an saiyang mga enot na istorya dai nahaloy pagkatapos, asin kan huring parte kan dekada 1970 nagin nang mapanggana bilang sarong parasurat tanganing makasurat nin bilog na panahon.

An mga libro asin halipot na osipon ni Butler nakakua nin paborableng atensyon kan mga kritiko asin kan publiko, asin dai nahaloy nagsunod an mga premyo. Nagtukdo man siya nin mga workshop nin parasurat, asin nagtaram manungod sa saiyang mga eksperyensya bilang sarong Aprikanong Amerikano, na ginagamit an siring na mga tema sa science fiction. Sa kahurihurihi nagbalyo siya sa Washington . Si Butler nagadan huli sa stroke sa edad na 58. An saiyang mga papel yaon sa koleksyon nin pagsiyasat kan Huntington Library sa San Marino, California . 

 Amay na buhay 
Si Octavia Estelle Butler namundag sa Pasadena, California, an solong aki ni Octavia Margaret Guy, sarong katabang sa harong, asin Laurice James Butler, sarong parapahugas nin sapatos . An ama ni Butler nagadan kan siya pitong taon pa sana.   Pinadakula siya kan saiyang ina asin lola sa ina sa saiyang magigirumduman sa huri bilang sarong estriktong kapalibutan na Baptist . 

Nagdakula sa Pasadena, si Butler nakaeksperyensya nin limitadong pagkakaiba-iba sa kultura asin etniko sa tahaw kan de facto na pagsegregar sa rasa sa nakapalibot na lugar. Inibanan niya an saiyang ina sa saiyang trabaho sa paglinig kun saen, bilang mga trabahador, an duwa naglaog sa mga harong kan mga puti sa paagi kan mga pinto sa likod. An saiyang ina tinatrato nin maraot kan saiyang mga among.   
 
Poon sa amay na edad, an sarong haros nakakaparalisadong pagkamasusupog nagpadepisil ki Butler na makipag-olay sa ibang mga aki. An saiyang pagka-awkward, na may kaibang dikit na dyslexia na nagpangyari sa mga trabaho sa eskwelahan na magin sarong pasakit, an nagin dahilan ki Butler na madaling punteriya kan mga paradaogdaog.  Nagtutubod siya na siya "maringis asin lolong, torpe, asin daing paglaom sa sosyedad."  Bilang resulta, parati niyang ginagamit an saiyang oras sa pagbasa sa Pasadena Central Library .  Nagsurat man siya nin mahiwas sa saiyang "dakulang rosas na notebook". 

Huling sa primero naadik sa mga osipon asin istorya nin kabayo, marikas siyang nagin interesado sa mga magasin nin science fiction, arog kan Amazing Stories, Galaxy Science Fiction, asin The Magazine of Fantasy &amp; Science Fiction . Nagpoon siyang magbasa nin mga istorya ni John Brunner, Zenna Henderson, asin Theodore Sturgeon .  
 

 Mga huring taon asin kagadanan 
Sa saiyang mga huring taon, si Butler nakipaglaban sa writer's block asin depresyon, na sarong parte kawsa kan mga epekto kan bulong para sa alta presyon nin dugo .   Nagpadagos siya sa pagsurat asin nagtukdo sa Clarion's Science Fiction Writers' Workshop nin regular. Kan 2005, siya pig-indukto sa Chicago State University 's International Black Writers Hall of Fame. 

Si Butler nagadan sa luwas kan saiyang harong sa Lake Forest Park, Washington, kan Pebrero 24, 2006, sa edad na 58.  An mga bareta sa presenteng panahon bakong magkapareho kun ano an dahelan kan saiyang kagadanan, na an nagkapira nagbabareta na sia nagkaigwa nin fatal na stroke asin an iba nagsasabi na sia nagadan huli sa mga lugad sa payo pakatapos na mahulog asin matamaan an saiyang payo sa saiyang agihan na gibo sa gapo.  An saro pang interpretasyon, na suportado kan magasin na Locus, iyo na an sarong stroke an nagin dahelan kan pagkahulog asin kan mga kasunod na lugad sa payo. 

Si Butler nagmantenir nin halawig na relasyon sa Huntington Library asin ipinamana an saiyang mga papeles, kabali an mga manuskrito, surat, mga papeles sa eskwelahan, mga notebook, asin mga retrato, sa libreriya sa saiyang testamento.  An koleksyon, na binibilog nin 9,062 na pidaso sa 386 na kahon, 1 tomo, 2 binder asin 18 broadside, itinao sa mga iskolar asin parasiyasat kan 2010.  Itinao ni Butler an saro sa saiyang mga makinilya sa Anacostia Community Museum kan Smithsonian Institution para sa sarong eksibisyon kan 2003-2004 na nagseselebrar kan literaturang Amerikanong Itom. 

 Mga premyo asin onra 

 1980: Creative Arts Award, L.A. YWCA."Octavia E. Butler-About."  Octavia E. Butler Official Website. 
 1984: Hugo Award for Best Short Story – "Speech Sounds"
 1984: Nebula Award for Best Novelette – "Bloodchild"
 1985: Locus Award for Best Novelette – "Bloodchild"
 1985: Hugo Award for Best Novelette – "Bloodchild"
 1985: Science Fiction Chronicle Award for Best Novelette – "Bloodchild"
 1988: Science Fiction Chronicle Award for Best Novelette – "The Evening and the Morning and the Night""Octavia E. Butler Biographical Timeline", in Rebecca J. Holden and Nisi Shawl (eds), Strange Matings: Science Fiction, Feminism, African American Voices, and Octavia E. Butler, Aqueduct Press, 2013. 
 1995: John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation "Genius" Grant
 1995: Bloodchild, a <i id="mwBCk">New York Times</i> Notable Book
 1997: Honorary Degree in Humane Letters, from Kenyon College
 1998: James Tiptree Jr. Award Honor List– Parable of the Talents
 1999: Los Angeles Times Bestseller – Parable of the Talents
 1999: Nebula Award for Best Novel – Parable of the Talents
 2001: Arthur C. Clarke Award Shortlist – Parable of the Talents
 2000: Lifetime Achievement Award in Writing from the PEN American Center
 2005: Langston Hughes Medal of The City College
 2010: Inducted by the Science Fiction Hall of Fame
 2012: Solstice Award.
 2018: The International Astronomical Union named a mountain on Charon (a moon of Pluto) Butler Mons to honor the author, after a public suggestion period and nomination by NASA.
 2018: Google featured her in a Google Doodle in the United States on June 22, 2018, which would have been Butler's 71st birthday.
 2019: Asteroid 7052 Octaviabutler, discovered by American astronomer Eleanor Helin at Palomar Observatory in 1988, was named in her memory. The official  was published by the Minor Planet Center on August 27, 2019 ().
 2019: Los Angeles Public Library opened the Octavia Lab, a do-it-yourself maker space and audiovisual space named in Butler's honor.
 2021: Inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame.

too|thumb|300x300px| Mars Perseverance rover – Octavia E. Butler Nagduong sa Jezero Crater

 2021: An NASA nginaranan an Mars landing site kan <i id="mwBKE">Perseverance</i> rover na " Octavia E. Butler Landing " bilang saiyang onra.  
 2022: Tinawan kan pinakaenot na Infinity Award kan Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers Association, na itinatao sa mga nagadan bago pa man sinda makonsiderar para sa sarong Grand Master award.  
 2022: An eskwelahan na inadalan ni Butler para sa middle school binago an pangaran kaini sa Octavia E. Butler Magnet. 
 2023: Kan Pebrero 2023, sarong tindahan nin libro na an pangaran Octavia's Bookshelf an nagbukas sa Pasadena, California . 

 Mga iskolar sa Memorial 
Kan 2006, an Carl Brandon Society nagmukna kan Octavia E. Butler Memorial Scholarship bilang memorya ni Butler, tanganing an mga parasurat na kolor makaatender sa taonan na Clarion West Writers Workshop asin Clarion Writers' Workshop, mga gikan kan orihinal na Clarion Science Fiction Writers' Workshop sa Clarion, Pennsylvania, kun saen nagpoon si Butler. An enot na mga iskolar itinao kan 2007. 

Kan Marso 2019, an alma mater ni Butler, an Pasadena City College, nag-anunsyo kan Octavia E. Butler Memorial Scholarship para sa mga estudyante na nakalista sa programa kan Pathways asin nagkomiter na magbalyo sa apat na taon na mga institusyon. 

An mga iskolarsip sa paggirumdom na isponsor kan Carl Brandon Society asin Pasadena City College nakakatabang na maotob an tolo sa mga katuyuhan sa buhay na isinurat ni Butler sa sarong notebook poon kan 1988:  "I will send poor black youngsters to Clarion or other writer's workshops

"I will help poor black youngsters broaden their horizons

"I will help poor black youngsters go to college"

 Mga gibo 
An kumpletong bibliograpiya kan gibo ni Butler pinagtipon kan 2008 ni Calvin Ritch. 

 Mga Nobela 
Patternist series (sa kronolohikal na pagkasunod-sunod):

 Wild Seed (Doubleday, 1980)
 Isip kan Sakong Isip (Doubleday, 1977)
 Clay's Ark (St. Martin's Press, 1984)
 Survivor (Doubleday, 1978)
 Patternmaster (Doubleday, 1976)

 Omnibus na edisyon (dai kabali an Survivor ): Seed to Harvest (Grand Central Publishing, 2007)

Xenogenesis, o serye kan Lilith's Brood :

 Dawn (Warner, 1987)
 Mga Rito sa Pagkagurang (Warner, 1988)
 Imago (Warner, 1989)

 Mga edisyon kan Omnibus:
 Xenogenesis (Guild America Books, 1989) 
 Lilith's Brood (Warner, 2000) 

Parabola, o serye nin Earthseed :

 Parabola kan Parasabwag (Apat na Lanob, Walong Bintana, 1993)  
 Parabola kan mga Talento (Seven Stories Press, 1998)

Mga solo:

 Kindred (Doubleday, 1979)
 Fledgling (Seven Stories Press, 2005)

 Mga halipot na istorya 
Mga Koleksyon:

 Bloodchild and Other Stories (Four Walls, Eight Windows, 1995; Seven Stories Press, 2005), koleksyon nin 4 halipot na istorya (1 idinagdag kan 2005), 3 nobeleta (1 idinagdag kan 2005) asin 2 essay:
 "Bloodchild" (novelette), "An banggi asin an aga asin an banggi" (novelette), "Near of parent", "Speech sounds", "Crossover", "Positive obsession" (essay), "Furor scribendi" (essay ), "Amnesty" (novelette, idinagdag kan 2005), "An Libro ni Marta" (idinagdag kan 2005)
 Dai Inaasahan na mga Istorya (2014), koleksyon nin 1 halipot na istorya asin 1 nobeleta:
 "Childfinder", "A Necessary Being" (novelette)

 Bakong fiksyon 

 Mga essay asin mga diskurso

 "Nawara na mga Rasa nin Science Fiction", Transmisyon (Tig-init 1980): pp. 16-18
 "Kamundag nin sarong Parasurat", Essence 20 (Mayo 1989): 74+. Ipinaimprenta giraray bilang "Positibong Pagkahubog" sa Bloodchild asin Iba pang mga Istorya
 "Mga Libreng Libreriya: Nawawara na daw sinda?", Omni 15.10 (Agosto 1993): 4
 "Mga Pagbiyahe", Mga Pagbiyahe 30 (Oct 1995). Parte kan sarong edisyon gikan sa PEN/Faulkner Foundation, sarong pahayag na itinao ni Butler sa PEN/Faulkner Awards para sa Fiction sa Rockville, MD sa Quill & Brush. Ipinimprenta giraray bilang "The Monophobic Response" (an titulo na mas gusto ni Butler), sa Dark Matter: A Century of Speculative Fiction from the African Diaspora, ed. Sheree R Thomas (New York: Aspect/Warner Books, 2000), pp. 415–416.
 " Devil Girl from Mars : Kun tano ta nagsusurat ako nin Science Fiction", Media in Transition (MIT), Pebrero 19, 1998; Transcript Oktubre 4, 1998)
 "Maisog na Bagong Kinaban: Sarong Pirang Reglamento sa Paghula kan Ngapit", Essence 31.1 (Mayo 2000): 164+
 "Sarong Kinaban na mayong Rasismo": "NPR Essay - UN Racism Conference", NPR Weekend Edition Sabado (Setyembre 1, 2001)
 "Octavia Butler's Aha! Moment", O, The Oprah Magazine 3.5 (Mayo 2002): 79–80

 Mga bakong kumpletong nobela asin proyekto 
Nagkapirang mga obra ni Octavia an dai natapos: 

 "Dapat kong sinabi..." (memoir, 1998)
 "Paraclete" (nobela, 2001)
 "Spiritus" (nobela, 2001)
 "Parabola kan Paradaya" (nobela, 1990s-2000s)

 Mga istorya asin nobela na dai pa naipublikar/dai pa naimprenta 

 "To the Victor" (Istorya, 1965, sa irarom kan pangaran na Karen Adams, na nanggana sa pagsusumite para sa sarong kompetisyon sa Pasadena City College)
 "Loss" (Istorya, 1967, ika-5 pwesto sa nasyonal na paligsahan nin halipot na osipon sa Writer's Digest )
 Blindsight (Nobela: 1978, nagpoon; 1981, enot na draft; 1984, ikaduwang draft)

 Hilingon man 

 Afrofuturism
 Mga babae sa espekulatibong osipon
 Itom na science fiction
 Feministang science fiction

 Toltolan 

Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations