Botong elektoral
[[Ladawan:Electoral College 2012.svg|right|thumb|250px|Botong elektoral sa mga estado asin distrito federal, para sa maarabot na eleksyon sa taon 2012, 2016, asin 2020. Ipinaheling an mga paghihira sa bilang nin mga parapili basado sa senso kan 2000 asin 2010]]

An '''Botong elektoral''' sa Estados Unidos iyo an mga botong pinapatala sa eleksyon para sa presidente asin bise-presidente kan mga kaapil sa inaapod na Electoral College, na ini binibilog kan mga parabotong (elector) pinili kan mga namamanwaan sa lambang estado. Poon pa kan 1964, igwang 538ng mga parapili sa nangyayaring mga eleksyon presidensyal. <ref>The number of electors is equal to the total voting membership of the [[United States Congress]] (composed of 435 Representatives and 100 Senators) plus three electors from the District of Columbia. See [[Article Two of the United States Constitution#Clause 2: Method of choosing electors|Article II, Section 1, Clause 2]] of the Constitution and the [[Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution|Twenty-third Amendment]]</ref> Sinda mga representante kan mga elektorado na iyo an naboto para sainda sa katongdan na presidente asin bise. Kun siring, naluwas bakong direktang naboto an mga namamanwaan para sa duwang nasambit na pwesto. 

An konstitusyon kan Estados Unidos, partikularmente sa Artikulo II, Seksyon 1, Clause 2 kaini, iyo an nagboboot kun pirang parapili (electors) an igwa sa lambang estado, manta an lehislatura kan estado iyo an naboot kun pano iboboto an nasabing mga parapili. 

An mga parapili libre man bumuto kun siisay an maninigo na iboto para sa Presidente, pero sa praktis lambang saro sainda nasumpa kun isay nanggad an saindang inaampoyonan, asin an mga botante ninda napili sa sainda depende sa ipigpanuga' nindang mamanokon na kandidato para sa presidente asin sa bise.<ref>Electors are not required by federal law to honor a pledge; however, in the overwhelming majority of cases they do vote for the candidate to whom they are pledged. Many states have laws designed to ensure that electors vote for pledged candidates, though the constitutionality of these laws has never been positively established. See [http://www.thegreenpapers.com/G04/EC-Appointed.phtml The Green Papers]</ref><ref>This process has been normalized to the point that the names of the electors appear on the ballot only in a handful of states. See [http://www.thegreenpapers.com/G04/EC-Appointed.phtml The Green Papers]</ref>


== Mga panluwas na takod ==
* [http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/faq.html U.S. Electoral College FAQ (www.archives.gov)]
* [http://electoralcollegehistory.com/ Historical Documents on the Electoral College]
* [http://electoral-vote.com/ Electoral Vote]
* [http://elections.lib.tufts.edu/aas_portal/index.xq A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110202214223/http://elections.lib.tufts.edu/aas_portal/index.xq |date=2011-02-02 }}
* [http://www.fivethirtyeight.com/ FiveThirtyEight: Electoral Projections Done Right] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081106113055/http://www.fivethirtyeight.com/ |date=2008-11-06 }}
* [http://270towin.com 270 to win]
* [http://www.foxnews.com/oreilly/winning-the-electoral-college/ Winning The Electoral College]
* [http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/calculator/ Electoral Map Calculator]
* [http://www.predictnovember.com/ PredictNovember.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304032426/http://www.predictnovember.com/ |date=2012-03-04 }}
* [http://discovermagazine.com/2004/sep/math-against-tyranny "Math Against Tyranny"]
* [http://www.thomas.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c110:H.J.RES.4:/ H.J.RES.4]{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (proposed constitutional amendment to replace Electoral College with direct popular election of President and Vice President)
* [http://www.thegreenpapers.com/PCom/20010123-0.html The Green Papers: More detailed description of reform proposals]
* [http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/28109.pdf The Electoral College: How It Works in Contemporary Presidential Elections]
* [http://archives.gov/federal-register/about/ Office of the Federal Register]
* [http://www.c-spanarchives.org/congress/?q=node/69850&date=2009-01-08&hors=h# Joint Session of the 111th Congress for the purpose of certifying the Electoral College ballot count] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725112843/http://www.c-spanarchives.org/congress/?q=node%2F69850&date=2009-01-08&hors=h |date=2011-07-25 }}, January 9, 2009 (C-Span video)
* [http://www.ashgate.com/pdf/SamplePages/Electoral_College_Reform_Intro.pdf Introductory chapter of ''Electoral College Reform: Challenges and Possibilities'']


== Toltolan ==
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An Botong elektoral sa Estados Unidos iyo an mga botong pinapatala sa eleksyon para sa presidente asin bise-presidente kan mga kaapil sa inaapod na Electoral College, na ini binibilog kan mga parabotong (elector) pinili kan mga namamanwaan sa lambang estado. Poon pa kan 1964, igwang 538ng mga parapili sa nangyayaring mga eleksyon presidensyal. The number of electors is equal to the total voting membership of the United States Congress (composed of 435 Representatives and 100 Senators) plus three electors from the District of Columbia. See Article II, Section 1, Clause 2 of the Constitution and the Twenty-third Amendment Sinda mga representante kan mga elektorado na iyo an naboto para sainda sa katongdan na presidente asin bise. Kun siring, naluwas bakong direktang naboto an mga namamanwaan para sa duwang nasambit na pwesto. 

An konstitusyon kan Estados Unidos, partikularmente sa Artikulo II, Seksyon 1, Clause 2 kaini, iyo an nagboboot kun pirang parapili (electors) an igwa sa lambang estado, manta an lehislatura kan estado iyo an naboot kun pano iboboto an nasabing mga parapili. 

An mga parapili libre man bumuto kun siisay an maninigo na iboto para sa Presidente, pero sa praktis lambang saro sainda nasumpa kun isay nanggad an saindang inaampoyonan, asin an mga botante ninda napili sa sainda depende sa ipigpanuga' nindang mamanokon na kandidato para sa presidente asin sa bise.Electors are not required by federal law to honor a pledge; however, in the overwhelming majority of cases they do vote for the candidate to whom they are pledged. Many states have laws designed to ensure that electors vote for pledged candidates, though the constitutionality of these laws has never been positively established. See The Green PapersThis process has been normalized to the point that the names of the electors appear on the ballot only in a handful of states. See The Green Papers

 Mga panluwas na takod 
 U.S. Electoral College FAQ (www.archives.gov)
 Historical Documents on the Electoral College
 Electoral Vote
 A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825 
 FiveThirtyEight: Electoral Projections Done Right 
 270 to win
 Winning The Electoral College
 Electoral Map Calculator
 PredictNovember.com 
 "Math Against Tyranny"
 H.J.RES.4 (proposed constitutional amendment to replace Electoral College with direct popular election of President and Vice President)
 The Green Papers: More detailed description of reform proposals
 The Electoral College: How It Works in Contemporary Presidential Elections
 Office of the Federal Register
 Joint Session of the 111th Congress for the purpose of certifying the Electoral College ballot count , January 9, 2009 (C-Span video)
 Introductory chapter of Electoral College Reform: Challenges and Possibilities

 Toltolan