Adiksyon
{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Addiction
| synonyms       = Addictive behaviour (e.g. substance-use addiction, sexual addiction), dependence, addictive disorder, addiction disorder (e.g. severe substance-use disorder, gambling disorder)
| image         = Brain metabolism and drug addiction.jpg
| caption       = [[Brain positron emission tomography]] images that compare [[Human brain#Metabolism|brain metabolism]] in a healthy individual and an individual with a cocaine addiction
| alt           = PET images showing brain metabolism in drug addicts vs controls
| field         = [[Psychiatry]], [[clinical psychology]], [[toxicology]], [[addiction medicine]]
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An '''adiksyon''' iyo an sarong [[Neurosikolohiya|neurosikolohiko]]ng disorder na karakterisado kan sarong persistent asin makuring urge na gumamit nin sarong [[droga]] o makisumaro sa sarong gawe na nagpoprodusir nin natural reward, sa ibong kan substantial na danyos asin iba pang negatibong consequences. An pauru-utrong paggamit nin droga parating pigliliwat an [[Hutok|punksyon kan hutok]] sa mga paagi na nagpapadagos kan [[Craving (withdrawal)|craving]], asin pigpapaluya an (alagad ''does not completely negate'') [[self-control]].<ref name="Heilig-et-al-2021">{{cite journal|vauthors=Heilig M, MacKillop J, Martinez D, Rehm J, Leggio L, Vanderschuren LJ|title=Addiction as a brain disease revised: why it still matters, and the need for consilience|journal=Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=46|issue=10|pages=1715–1723|date=September 2021|pmid=33619327|pmc=8357831|doi=10.1038/s41386-020-00950-y|quote=pre-existing vulnerabilities and persistent drug use lead to a vicious circle of substantive disruptions in the brain that impair and undermine choice capacities for adaptive behavior, but do not annihilate them.|issn=0893-133X}}</ref> An ngangalasan na ini – mga drogang [[Neuroplasticity|pigliliwat an korte]] punksyon kan [[Hutok nin tawo|hutok]] – naggiya pasiring sa pagkasabot kan adiksyon bilang sarong [[brain disorder]] na igwa nin komplikadong variety nin [[Social psychology|psychosocial]] siring man sa [[Neuroscience|neurobiological]] (asin kun kaya inboluntaryo) factors na pigpapasabot kan pag-urog kan adiksyon.<ref name="Cellular basis" /><ref name="NIDA2020">{{cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=13 July 2020|title=Drugs, Brains, and Behavior: The Science of Addiction – Drug Misuse and Addiction|url=https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/drug-misuse-addiction|website=www.drugabuse.gov|location=[[North Bethesda, Maryland]]|publisher=[[National Institute on Drug Abuse]]|access-date=23 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Addiction and Choice: Rethinking the Relationship|vauthors=Henden E|date=2017|publisher=Oxford University Press|veditors=Heather N, Gabriel S|location=Oxford, UK|pages=116–132|chapter=Addiction, Compulsion, and Weakness of the Will: A Dual-Process Perspective.}}</ref>

Kabali sa klasikong senyales kan adiksyon iyo an [[Compulsive behavior|compulsive]] engagement sa [[Reward system|rewarding]] stimuli, ''preoccupation'' na igwa nin substances o gawe, asin pinadagos an paggamit sa ibong kan  negatibong consequences. An mga [[Habit|Habits]] asin patterns na asosyado sa adiksyon tipikal na karakterisado kan immediate [[gratification]] (short-term reward),<ref name="pmid18790142">{{cite journal|vauthors=Angres DH, Bettinardi-Angres K|title=The disease of addiction: origins, treatment, and recovery|journal=Disease-a-Month|volume=54|issue=10|pages=696–721|date=October 2008|pmid=18790142|doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2008.07.002}}</ref><ref name="NHM addiction-reward-reinforcement" /> inubayan nin delayed deleterious effects (long-term costs).<ref name="NIDA2020" /><ref name="pmid3278676">{{cite journal|vauthors=Marlatt GA, Baer JS, Donovan DM, Kivlahan DR|title=Addictive behaviors: etiology and treatment|journal=Annu Rev Psychol|volume=39|pages=223–52|year=1988|pmid=3278676|doi=10.1146/annurev.ps.39.020188.001255}}</ref><!-- addiction examples and classifications -->

Kabali sa mga halimbawa kan substance addiction iyo an [[alcoholism]], [[Cannabis use disorder|cannabis addiction]], [[amphetamine addiction]], [[cocaine addiction]], [[Nicotine|nicotine addiction]], [[Opioid use disorder|opioid addiction]], asin sa pagkakan o [[food addiction]]. An mga behavioral addictions mapupwedeng kabali an [[gambling addiction]], [[shopping addiction]], [[stalking]], [[Internet addiction disorder|internet addiction]], [[social media addiction]], [[obsessive–compulsive disorder]], [[video game addiction]] asin [[sexual addiction]]. An [[DSM-5]] asin [[ICD-10]] pigmimidbid sana an adiksyon sa pagsugal bilang behavioral addictions, alagad an [[ICD-11]] pigmimidbid man an ''gaming addictions''.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/article/gaming-addiction-icd-11-issues-and-implications|title=Gaming Addiction in ICD-11: Issues and Implications|vauthors=ME|date=12 September 2019|journal=Psychiatric Times|series=Psychiatric Times Vol 36, Issue 9|volume=36|issue=9|language=en|access-date=3 March 2020|archive-date=3 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303134538/https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/article/gaming-addiction-icd-11-issues-and-implications|url-status=dead|archivedate=3 March 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303134538/https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/article/gaming-addiction-icd-11-issues-and-implications}}</ref>

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An adiksyon iyo an sarong neurosikolohikong disorder na karakterisado kan sarong persistent asin makuring urge na gumamit nin sarong droga o makisumaro sa sarong gawe na nagpoprodusir nin natural reward, sa ibong kan substantial na danyos asin iba pang negatibong consequences. An pauru-utrong paggamit nin droga parating pigliliwat an punksyon kan hutok sa mga paagi na nagpapadagos kan craving, asin pigpapaluya an (alagad does not completely negate) self-control. An ngangalasan na ini – mga drogang pigliliwat an korte punksyon kan hutok – naggiya pasiring sa pagkasabot kan adiksyon bilang sarong brain disorder na igwa nin komplikadong variety nin psychosocial siring man sa neurobiological (asin kun kaya inboluntaryo) factors na pigpapasabot kan pag-urog kan adiksyon.

Kabali sa klasikong senyales kan adiksyon iyo an compulsive engagement sa rewarding stimuli, preoccupation na igwa nin substances o gawe, asin pinadagos an paggamit sa ibong kan  negatibong consequences. An mga Habits asin patterns na asosyado sa adiksyon tipikal na karakterisado kan immediate gratification (short-term reward), inubayan nin delayed deleterious effects (long-term costs).

Kabali sa mga halimbawa kan substance addiction iyo an alcoholism, cannabis addiction, amphetamine addiction, cocaine addiction, nicotine addiction, opioid addiction, asin sa pagkakan o food addiction. An mga behavioral addictions mapupwedeng kabali an gambling addiction, shopping addiction, stalking, internet addiction, social media addiction, obsessive–compulsive disorder, video game addiction asin sexual addiction. An DSM-5 asin ICD-10 pigmimidbid sana an adiksyon sa pagsugal bilang behavioral addictions, alagad an ICD-11 pigmimidbid man an gaming addictions.

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