Organismo
[[Ladawan:Amoeba (Amöbe) 01.jpg|thumb|250x250px|An amoebae iyo sarong-selulang eukaryotiko]]
Sa [[biyolohiya]], an '''organismo''' ([[Ingles]]: ''organism''; gikan sa Griyego: ὀργανισμός, ''organismos'') iyo an maski anong organiko, nabubuhay na sistema na minagana bilang sarong indibidwal na entidad.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing and Health Professions|publisher=Elsevier|year=2017|isbn=9780323222051|edition=10th|location=St. Louis, Missouri|pages=1281}}</ref> An gabos na organismo iyo pigbibilog nin [[selula]] (teorya nin selula).<ref name=":0" /> An mga organismo iyo pigkaklasipika nin [[taksonomiya]] sa mga grupo arug kan mga multiselular na [[hayop]], [[tinanom]], asin [[Fungus|fungi]]; o uniselular na [[mikroorganismo]] arug kan mga [[protista]], [[bakterya]], asin arkeya.<ref>{{cite book|title=A dictionary of biology|last1=Hine|first1=RS.|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-920462-5|edition=6th|location=Oxford|page=461}}</ref> An gabos na klase nin organismo iyo kaya nin reproduksyon, pagdakula, pagmantinido, asin sa ibang degri nin pagsimbag sa stimuli. An mga [[tawo]], [[pusit]], [[kabute]], asin mga baskular na tinanom iyo mga halimbawa kan mga multiselular na organismo na nalalain an espesyalisadong [[tisyu]] asin [[organo]] durante sa pagdakula.

An sarong uniselular na organismo pwedeng magin prokaryotiko o eukaryotiko. An mga prokaryotiko iyo pigrerepresenta an duwang suway na domain&nbsp;– an bakterya asin arkeya. An mga eukaryotikong organismo iyo pigkakaraktisa sa paagi nin presensya kan nukleyus nin selula asin iyo igwa nin mga ''organelles''.<ref name="cavaliersmith1987">{{cite journal|author=Cavalier-Smith T.|year=1987|title=The origin of eukaryotic and archaebacterial cells|journal=Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences|volume=503|issue=1|pages=17–54|pmid=3113314|doi=10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb40596.x|bibcode=1987NYASA.503...17C|s2cid=38405158}}</ref> An fungi, hayop, asin tinanom iyo mga halimbawa nin organismo sa mga eukaryotiko.

An pag-estima sa bilang nin presenteng [[espesye]] sa [[Kinaban]] iyo minarango poon sa 2 milyon hasta sa 1 trilyon,<ref name="Larsen2017">{{cite journal|author1=Brendan B. Larsen|author2=Elizabeth C. Miller|author3=Matthew K. Rhodes|author4=John J. Wiens|title=Inordinate Fondness Multiplied and Distributed:The Number of Species on Earth and the New Pie of Life|url=http://www.wienslab.com/Publications_files/Larsen_et_al_QRB_2017.pdf|date=September 2017|journal=The Quarterly Review of Biology|page=230|access-date=11 November 2019|volume=92|issue=3}}</ref> kun sain lagpas 1.7 milyon an nadokumento.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Chironomus: Journal of Chironomidae Research|issue=31|pages=2–3|year=2018|title=Describing the Undiscovered|url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C24&as_ylo=2018&as_yhi=2018&q=Anderson+%22Describing+the+undiscovered%22&btnG=|last=Anderson|first=Alyssa M.|doi=10.5324/cjcr.v0i31.2887|doi-access=free}}</ref> Lagpas 99% kan gabos na espesye, nabibilang sa lagpas limang bilyong espesye,<ref name="Book-Biology">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LHnCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA110|title=The Biology of Rarity: Causes and consequences of rare – common differences|year=1996|isbn=978-0-412-63380-5|editor1=Kunin, W.E.|access-date=26 May 2015|editor2=Gaston, Kevin}}</ref> na nabuhay an pig-eestima na nawara na.<ref name="StearnsStearns2000">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0BHeC-tXIB4C&q=99%20percent|title=Watching, from the Edge of Extinction|last1=Stearns|first1=Beverly Peterson|last2=Stearns|first2=S.C.|last3=Stearns|first3=Stephen C.|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2000|isbn=978-0-300-08469-6|page=preface x|access-date=30 May 2017}}</ref><ref name="NYT-20141108-MJN">{{cite news|last=Novacek|first=Michael J.|title=Prehistory's Brilliant Future|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/09/opinion/sunday/prehistorys-brilliant-future.html|date=8 November 2014|work=New York Times|access-date=25 December 2014}}</ref>

Kaidtong 2016, sarong grupo nin 355 na mga ''gene'' gikn sa ''last universal common ancestor'' (LUCA) kan gabos na organismo an na-identipika.<ref name="Weissetal">{{cite journal|first1=Madeline C.|first7=William F.|pmid=27562259|doi=10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.116|date=2016|pages=16116|issue=9|volume=1|journal=Nature Microbiology|title=The physiology and habitat of the last universal common ancestor|last7=Martin|last6=Nelson-Sathi|last1=Weiss|first6=Shijulal|last5=Roettger|first5=Mayo|last4=Neukirchen|first4=Sinje|last3=Mrnjavac|first3=Natalia|last2=Sousa|first2=Filipa L.|s2cid=2997255}}</ref><ref name="NYT-20160725">{{cite news|last=Wade|first=Nicholas|author-link=Nicholas Wade|title=Meet Luca, the Ancestor of All Living Things|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/26/science/last-universal-ancestor.html|date=25 July 2016|work=The New York Times|access-date=25 July 2016}}</ref>

==Panluwas na takod==
{{commons category|Organisms|Mga organismo}}
* [http://www.species2000.org/ Species 2000 Indexing the world's known species] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303192953/http://www.species2000.org/ |date=2016-03-03 }}.
* [http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/enviro/EnviroRepublish_828525.htm The largest organism in the world may be a fungus carpeting nearly 10 square kilometers of an Oregon forest, and may be as old as 10500 years.]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Root NCBI Taxonomy entry: root]
* [http://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html The Tree of Life]
* [https://www.scribd.com/doc/1016/Life-from-birth-to-death/ Frequent questions from kids about life and their answers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513202217/http://www.scribd.com/doc/1016/Life-from-Birth-to-Death |date=2014-05-13 }}

== Toltolan ==
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{{agham-poon}}
[[Kategorya:Biyolohiya]]
Sa biyolohiya, an organismo (Ingles: organism; gikan sa Griyego: ὀργανισμός, organismos) iyo an maski anong organiko, nabubuhay na sistema na minagana bilang sarong indibidwal na entidad. An gabos na organismo iyo pigbibilog nin selula (teorya nin selula). An mga organismo iyo pigkaklasipika nin taksonomiya sa mga grupo arug kan mga multiselular na hayop, tinanom, asin fungi; o uniselular na mikroorganismo arug kan mga protista, bakterya, asin arkeya. An gabos na klase nin organismo iyo kaya nin reproduksyon, pagdakula, pagmantinido, asin sa ibang degri nin pagsimbag sa stimuli. An mga tawo, pusit, kabute, asin mga baskular na tinanom iyo mga halimbawa kan mga multiselular na organismo na nalalain an espesyalisadong tisyu asin organo durante sa pagdakula.

An sarong uniselular na organismo pwedeng magin prokaryotiko o eukaryotiko. An mga prokaryotiko iyo pigrerepresenta an duwang suway na domain – an bakterya asin arkeya. An mga eukaryotikong organismo iyo pigkakaraktisa sa paagi nin presensya kan nukleyus nin selula asin iyo igwa nin mga organelles. An fungi, hayop, asin tinanom iyo mga halimbawa nin organismo sa mga eukaryotiko.

An pag-estima sa bilang nin presenteng espesye sa Kinaban iyo minarango poon sa 2 milyon hasta sa 1 trilyon, kun sain lagpas 1.7 milyon an nadokumento. Lagpas 99% kan gabos na espesye, nabibilang sa lagpas limang bilyong espesye, na nabuhay an pig-eestima na nawara na.

Kaidtong 2016, sarong grupo nin 355 na mga gene gikn sa last universal common ancestor (LUCA) kan gabos na organismo an na-identipika.

Panluwas na takod

 Species 2000 Indexing the world's known species .
 The largest organism in the world may be a fungus carpeting nearly 10 square kilometers of an Oregon forest, and may be as old as 10500 years.
 NCBI Taxonomy entry: root
 The Tree of Life
 Frequent questions from kids about life and their answers 

 Toltolan 

Kategorya:Biyolohiya