Termodinamika
[[Ladawan:Carnot_engine_(hot_body_-_working_body_-_cold_body).jpg|too|thumb|320x320px|Anotadong may kolor na bersyon kan orihinal na "Carnot heat engine" kaidtong 1824 na nagpapahiling kan mainit na lawas (boiler), nagtatrabahong lawas (sistema, tubig-sangaw), malipot na lawas (tubig), sagkod mga letrang segun sa puntong pagpundo kan "siklong Carnot".]]
An '''termodinamika''' ([[Ingles]]: ''thermodynamics'') iyo an sanga kan [[pisika]] na manungod sa [[init]], [[gibo]], asin [[temperatura]], sagkod an saindang relasyon sa [[enerhiya]], [[radiasyon]], asin pisikal na karakter kan [[materya]].  

An kaugalian kan mga kantidad na ini iyo pinamamayuhan kan [[apat na ley nin termodinamika]] na iyo minatao nin kwantitatibong deskripsyon gamit an nasusukol na mga makroskopikong pisikal na kantidad, pero pwedeng maipaliwanag sa termino nin mikroskopikong konstituente sa paagi nin estadistikong mekanika.

== Uusipon ==
Sa uusipon, an termodinamika iyo nahaman gikan sa kagustohan na mapalangkaw an katibayan kan mga enot na makinang tubig-sangaw, partikular sa kagibohan kan Pranses na pisiko na si [[Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot]] (1824) na iyo nagtutubod na an katibatayan kan makina an susi na makakatabang sa [[Pransya]] para manggana sa [[Gerang Napolyoniko]].<ref>{{cite book|title=On the Motive Power of Heat, and on the Laws which can be deduced from it for the Theory of Heat|last=Clausius|first=Rudolf|publisher=Poggendorff's Annalen der Physik, LXXIX (Dover Reprint)|year=1850|isbn=978-0-486-59065-3}}</ref> An Scots-Irish na pisiko na si [[William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin|Lord Kelvin]] an enot na nakahimo nin konsisong depinisyon kan termodinamika kan 1854<ref name="kelvin1854">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nWMSAAAAIAAJ&q=On+an+Absolute+Thermometric+Scale+Founded+on+Carnot%E2%80%99s+Theory&pg=PA100|title=Mathematical and Physical Papers|author=William Thomson, LL.D. D.C.L., F.R.S.|publisher=C.J. Clay, M.A. & Son, Cambridge University Press|year=1882|volume=1|location=London, Cambridge|page=232}}</ref> na iyo (sa [[Ingles]]), "''Thermo-dynamics is the subject of the relation of heat to forces acting between contiguous parts of bodies, and the relation of heat to electrical agency''."

== Aplikasyon ==
An termodinamiko iyo nagagamit sa mahiwas na baryente nin urulayan sa [[siyensya]] asin [[inhenyeriya]], urog na an [[pisikal na kimika]], [[biyokimika]], [[inhinyeriyang pangkimika]], asin [[inihinyeriyang pangmekanika]], pero iyo man ibang komplikadong lado arug kan [[meteyorolohiya]].

An enot na aplikasyon kan termodinamika sa mga mekanikal na mainit na makina iyo an marikas na paglakop kan pag-aadal nin mga [[kompuwestong kimikal]] asin [[reaksyong kimikal]].  An [[termodinamikong kimikal]] iyo nag-aadal sa pagganap kan [[entropiya]] sa mga proseso nin reaksyong kimikal asin nagtao nin bulkong ekspansyon sagkod kaaraman sa ladong ini.<ref name="Gibbs 1876">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/transactions03conn|title=Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences|author=Gibbs, Willard, J.|publisher=New Haven|year=1874–1878|volume=III|pages=[https://archive.org/details/transactions03conn/page/108 108]–248, 343–524}}</ref><ref name="Duhem 1886">Duhem, P.M.M. (1886). ''Le Potential Thermodynamique et ses Applications'', Hermann, Paris.</ref><ref name="Lewis Randall 1923">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/thermodynamicsfr00gnle|title=Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances|last1=Lewis|first1=Gilbert N.|last2=Randall|first2=Merle|publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Co. Inc.|year=1923}}</ref><ref name="Guggenheim 1933">Guggenheim, E.A. (1933). ''Modern Thermodynamics by the Methods of J.W. Gibbs'', Methuen, London.</ref><ref name="Guggenheim 1949/1967">Guggenheim, E.A. (1949/1967). ''Thermodynamics. An Advanced Treatment for Chemists and Physicists'', 1st edition 1949, 5th edition 1967, North-Holland, Amsterdam.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Chemical Thermodynamics|author=Ilya Prigogine, I. & Defay, R., translated by D.H. Everett|publisher=Longmans, Green & Co., London. Includes classical non-equilibrium thermodynamics.|year=1954}}
</ref><ref name="Fermi">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VEZ1ljsT3IwC&q=thermodynamics|title=Thermodynamics|author=Enrico Fermi|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1956|isbn=978-0486603612|page=ix|oclc=230763036}}</ref><ref name="Perrot">{{cite book|title=A to Z of Thermodynamics|author=Perrot, Pierre|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0-19-856552-9|oclc=123283342}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Essential Dictionary of Science|author=Clark, John, O.E.|publisher=Barnes & Noble Books|year=2004|isbn=978-0-7607-4616-5|oclc=58732844}}</ref> An iba pang mga pormulasyon kan termodinamika iyo naglatawan. An [[estadistikong termodinamika]], o estadikstikong mekanika, iyo manungod sa mga estadistikong prediksyon sa kolektibong paghiro kan mga partikulo hale sa saindang kaugaliang mikroskopiko. Kan 1909, si [[Constantin Carathéodory]] nagpresentar nin purong matematikong pagrani sa sarong aksyomatikong pormulasyon, na iyo sarong deskripsyon na harus inaapod na ''heyometrikong termodinamika''.

== Hilingon man ==
* [[Inhenyeriya]]
* [[Enerhiya]]
* [[Init]]

== Mga panluwas na takod ==
*{{Commons category-inline|Thermodynamics}}
* Callendar, Hugh Longbourne (1911). [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Thermodynamics "Thermodynamics"] . Encyclopædia Britannica. 26 (11th ed.). pp. 808–814.
* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~mansoori/Thermodynamic.Data.and.Property_html Thermodynamics Data & Property Calculation Websites] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140211122258/http://tigger.uic.edu/~mansoori/Thermodynamic.Data.and.Property_html |date=2014-02-11 }}
* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~mansoori/Thermodynamics.Educational.Sites_html Thermodynamics Educational Websites] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150614003926/http://tigger.uic.edu/~mansoori/Thermodynamics.Educational.Sites_html |date=2015-06-14 }}
* [http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/reviews/thermo/thermo_intro.htm Biochemistry Thermodynamics]
* [http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/sm1/lectures/lectures.html Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090430200028/http://www.ent.ohiou.edu/~thermo/ Engineering Thermodynamics – A Graphical Approach]
* [http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/sm1/statmech.pdf Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics] by Richard Fitzpatrick

== Toltolan ==
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[[Kategorya:Termodinamika]]
An termodinamika (Ingles: thermodynamics) iyo an sanga kan pisika na manungod sa init, gibo, asin temperatura, sagkod an saindang relasyon sa enerhiya, radiasyon, asin pisikal na karakter kan materya.  

An kaugalian kan mga kantidad na ini iyo pinamamayuhan kan apat na ley nin termodinamika na iyo minatao nin kwantitatibong deskripsyon gamit an nasusukol na mga makroskopikong pisikal na kantidad, pero pwedeng maipaliwanag sa termino nin mikroskopikong konstituente sa paagi nin estadistikong mekanika.

 Uusipon 
Sa uusipon, an termodinamika iyo nahaman gikan sa kagustohan na mapalangkaw an katibayan kan mga enot na makinang tubig-sangaw, partikular sa kagibohan kan Pranses na pisiko na si Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot (1824) na iyo nagtutubod na an katibatayan kan makina an susi na makakatabang sa Pransya para manggana sa Gerang Napolyoniko. An Scots-Irish na pisiko na si Lord Kelvin an enot na nakahimo nin konsisong depinisyon kan termodinamika kan 1854 na iyo (sa Ingles), "Thermo-dynamics is the subject of the relation of heat to forces acting between contiguous parts of bodies, and the relation of heat to electrical agency."

 Aplikasyon 
An termodinamiko iyo nagagamit sa mahiwas na baryente nin urulayan sa siyensya asin inhenyeriya, urog na an pisikal na kimika, biyokimika, inhinyeriyang pangkimika, asin inihinyeriyang pangmekanika, pero iyo man ibang komplikadong lado arug kan meteyorolohiya.

An enot na aplikasyon kan termodinamika sa mga mekanikal na mainit na makina iyo an marikas na paglakop kan pag-aadal nin mga kompuwestong kimikal asin reaksyong kimikal.  An termodinamikong kimikal iyo nag-aadal sa pagganap kan entropiya sa mga proseso nin reaksyong kimikal asin nagtao nin bulkong ekspansyon sagkod kaaraman sa ladong ini.Duhem, P.M.M. (1886). Le Potential Thermodynamique et ses Applications, Hermann, Paris.Guggenheim, E.A. (1933). Modern Thermodynamics by the Methods of J.W. Gibbs, Methuen, London.Guggenheim, E.A. (1949/1967). Thermodynamics. An Advanced Treatment for Chemists and Physicists, 1st edition 1949, 5th edition 1967, North-Holland, Amsterdam. An iba pang mga pormulasyon kan termodinamika iyo naglatawan. An estadistikong termodinamika, o estadikstikong mekanika, iyo manungod sa mga estadistikong prediksyon sa kolektibong paghiro kan mga partikulo hale sa saindang kaugaliang mikroskopiko. Kan 1909, si Constantin Carathéodory nagpresentar nin purong matematikong pagrani sa sarong aksyomatikong pormulasyon, na iyo sarong deskripsyon na harus inaapod na heyometrikong termodinamika.

 Hilingon man 
 Inhenyeriya
 Enerhiya
 Init

 Mga panluwas na takod 

 Callendar, Hugh Longbourne (1911). "Thermodynamics" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 26 (11th ed.). pp. 808–814.
 Thermodynamics Data & Property Calculation Websites 
 Thermodynamics Educational Websites 
 Biochemistry Thermodynamics
 Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
 Engineering Thermodynamics – A Graphical Approach
 Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics by Richard Fitzpatrick

 Toltolan 

Kategorya:Termodinamika