Agama (Hinduismo)
An '''Agamas''' (Devanagari: आगम, IAST: ''āgama'') sarong koleksyon nin magkapirang literaturang Tantriko asin mga teksto kan mga eskwelahan na Hindu.<ref name="Grimes">Grimes, John A. (1996). A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English. State University of New York Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7914-3068-2}}. LCCN 96012383. [https://books.google.com/books?id=eP5p0ev3nJEC pages 16–17]</ref> An termino literal na nangangahulogan nin tradisyon o "an naghilig," asin an mga tekstong Agama naglaladawan nin kosmolohiya, epistemolohiya, pilosopikong mga doktrina, mga presepto sa paghorophorop asin mga kaugalean, apat na klase nin yoga, mga mantra, pagtogdok nin templo, pagsamba asin mga paagi tanganing makamit an anom na kamawotan.<ref name="Grimes" /><ref>Mariasusai Dhavamony (2002), Hindu-Christian Dialogue, Rodopi, {{ISBN|978-90-420-1510-4}}, pages 54–56</ref> An kanonikal na mga tekstong ini yaon sa Tamil asin Sanskrito.<ref>Indira Peterson (1992), Poems to Siva: The Hymns of the Tamil Saints, Princeton University Press, {{ISBN|978-81-208-0784-6}}, pages 11–18</ref><ref>A Datta (1987), Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo, Sahitya Akademi, {{ISBN|978-0-8364-2283-2}}, page 95</ref><ref name="Grimes" /> An mga Agama predominante sa South India alagad an Sanskritisado kan huri.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_TgqAAAAYAAJ&q=agamas+in+south+india|title=Agamas and South Indian Vaisnavism|last=Varadachari|first=Venkatadriagaram|date=1982|publisher=Prof. M. Rangacharya Memorial Trust|language=en}}</ref>

An tolong pangenot na sanga kan mga tekstong Agama iyo an [[Shaiva]], [[Vaishnava]], asin [[Shakta]].<ref name="Grimes">Grimes, John A. (1996). A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English. State University of New York Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7914-3068-2}}. LCCN 96012383. [https://books.google.com/books?id=eP5p0ev3nJEC pages 16–17]</ref> An mga Agamikong tradisyon kun minsan inaapod na [[Tantrismo]], maski ngane an terminong "Tantra" parati ginagamit sa espesipikong apod sa Shakta Agamas.<ref>Wojciech Maria Zalewski (2012), The Crucible of Religion: Culture, Civilization, and Affirmation of Life, Wipf and Stock Publishers, {{ISBN|978-1-61097-828-6}}, page 128</ref><ref name="Banerji">Banerji, S. C. (2007). A Companion To Tantra. Abhinav Publications. {{ISBN|81-7017-402-3}} </ref><ref name="dhavamony">Mariasusai Dhavamony (1999), Hindu Spirituality, Gregorian University and Biblical Press, {{ISBN|978-88-7652-818-7}}, pages 31–34 with footnotes</ref> An literaturang Agama mahibog, asin kaiba an 28 Shaiva Agamas, 64 Shakta Agamas (pig'aapod man na Tantras), asin 108 Vaishnava Agamas (pig'aapod man na Pancharatra Samhitas), asin kadakol Upa-Agamas.<ref name="klaus49">Klaus Klostermaier (2007), A Survey of Hinduism: Third Edition, State University of New York Press, {{ISBN|978-0-7914-7082-4}}, pages 49–50</ref>

Bakong malinaw an ginikanan asin kronolohiya kan Agamas. An iba igdi iyo an Vedic asin iba pa na bakong-Vedic.<ref>PT Raju (2009), The Philosophical Traditions of India, Routledge, {{ISBN|978-81-208-0983-3}}, page 45; Quote: '''The word Agama means 'coming down', and the literature is that of traditions, which are mixtures of the Vedic with some non-Vedic ones, which were later assimilated to the Vedic'''.</ref> Kaiba sa mga tradisyon iyo an Yoga asin Pansadiring Realisasyon na mga konsepto, kaiba sa nagkapira an Kundalini Yoga, asceticismo, asin mga pilosopiya na hale sa Dvaita (dualismo) pasiring sa Advaita (monismo).<ref name="SinghLP">Singh, L. P. (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=1pz28mw2zywC&pg=PA64 Tantra, Its Mystic and Scientific Basis], Concept Publishing Company. {{ISBN|978-81-8069-640-4}}</ref><ref name="jeanfil68">Jean Filliozat (1991), Religion, Philosophy, Yoga: A Selection of Articles, Motilal Banarsidass, {{ISBN|978-81-208-0718-1}}, pages 68–69</ref><ref name="richdavis167">Richard Davis (2014), Ritual in an Oscillating Universe: Worshipping Siva in Medieval India, Princeton University Press, {{ISBN|978-0-691-60308-7}}, page 167 note 21, Quote (page 13): "Some agamas argue a monist metaphysics, while others are decidedly dualist. Some claim ritual is the most efficacious means of religious attainment, while others assert that knowledge is more important."</ref> An iba nagsusuherir na ini iyo an mga tekstong post-Vedic, an iba bilang mga pre-Vedic na mga komposisyon na napetsahan pabalik sa labi sa 1100 BCE.<ref>Guy Beck (1993), Sonic Theology: Hinduism and Sacred Sound, University of South Carolina Press, {{ISBN|978-0-87249-855-6}}, pages 151–152</ref><ref name="Tripath">Tripath, S.M. (2001). Psycho-Religious Studies Of Man, Mind And Nature. Global Vision Publishing House. {{ISBN|978-81-87746-04-1}}</ref><ref name="Darbu">Drabu, V. N. (1990). [https://books.google.com/books?id=vEKkuLQUza8C&pg=PA31 Śaivāgamas: A Study in the Socio-economic Ideas and Institutions of Kashmir (200 B.C. to A.D. 700)], Indus Publishing Company. {{ISBN|978-81-85182-38-4}}. LCCN lc90905805</ref> An ebidensiang Epigrapo asin arkeolohiko nagsusuherir na an mga tekstong Agama nag-eeksister kan mga kabangaan kan ika-1 milenyo CE, sa panahon kan dinastiyang Pallava.<ref name="richdavis12">Richard Davis (2014), Worshiping Śiva in Medieval India: Ritual in an Oscillating Universe, Princeton University Press, {{ISBN|978-0-691-60308-7}}, pages 12–13</ref><ref name="schomerus8">Hilko Wiardo Schomerus and Humphrey Palmer (2000), Śaiva Siddhānta: An Indian School of Mystical Thought, Motilal Banarsidass, {{ISBN|978-81-208-1569-8}}, pages 7–10</ref>

Sinasabi kan mga iskolar na may mga nakasurat sa mga tekstong Hindu Agama na minalataw na isinisikwal an awtoridad kan mga Veda, mantang an ibang teksto nagsasabi na an saindang mga presepto naghahayag kan tunay na espiritu kan mga Veda.<ref>For examples of Vaishnavism Agama text verses praising Vedas and philosophy therein, see Sanjukta Gupta (2013), Lakṣmī Tantra: A Pāñcarātra Text, Motilal Banarsidass, {{ISBN|978-81-208-1735-7}}, pages xxiii-xxiv, 96, 158–159, 219, 340, 353 with footnotes, Quote: "'''In order not to dislocate the laws of [[dharma]] and to maintain the family, to govern the world without disturbance, to establish norms and to gratify me and Vishnu, the God of gods, the wise should not violate the Vedic laws even in thought''' – The Secret Method of Self-Surrender, Lakshmi Tantra, Pāñcarātra Agama".</ref><ref>For examples in Shaivism literature, see T Isaac Tambyah (1984), Psalms of a Saiva Saint, Asian Educational Services, {{ISBN|978-81-206-0025-6}}, pages xxii-xxvi</ref> An mga henera pangliteraryo makukua man sa tradisyon na  ⁇ rama ⁇ ic  (i.e. Buddhist, Jaina, etc.).<ref>Helen Baroni (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Zen Buddhism, Rosen Publishing, {{ISBN|978-0-8239-2240-6}}, page 3</ref><ref name="Rajmani">Tigunait, Rajmani (1998), [https://books.google.com/books?id=-XnnFl6ZFHwC&pg=PA26 Śakti, the Power in Tantra: A Scholarly Approach], Himalayan Institute Press. {{ISBN|978-0-89389-154-1}}. LCCN 98070188</ref> An tradisyon na Bali Hindu opisyal na inaapod na ''Agama Hindu Dharma'' sa [[Indonesya]].<ref>June McDaniel (2010), Agama Hindu Dharma Indonesia as a New Religious Movement: Hinduism Recreated in the Image of Islam, Nova Religio, Vol. 14, No. 1, pages 93–111</ref>

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An Agamas (Devanagari: आगम, IAST: āgama) sarong koleksyon nin magkapirang literaturang Tantriko asin mga teksto kan mga eskwelahan na Hindu.Grimes, John A. (1996). A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English. State University of New York Press. . LCCN 96012383. pages 16–17 An termino literal na nangangahulogan nin tradisyon o "an naghilig," asin an mga tekstong Agama naglaladawan nin kosmolohiya, epistemolohiya, pilosopikong mga doktrina, mga presepto sa paghorophorop asin mga kaugalean, apat na klase nin yoga, mga mantra, pagtogdok nin templo, pagsamba asin mga paagi tanganing makamit an anom na kamawotan.Mariasusai Dhavamony (2002), Hindu-Christian Dialogue, Rodopi, , pages 54–56 An kanonikal na mga tekstong ini yaon sa Tamil asin Sanskrito.Indira Peterson (1992), Poems to Siva: The Hymns of the Tamil Saints, Princeton University Press, , pages 11–18A Datta (1987), Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo, Sahitya Akademi, , page 95 An mga Agama predominante sa South India alagad an Sanskritisado kan huri.

An tolong pangenot na sanga kan mga tekstong Agama iyo an Shaiva, Vaishnava, asin Shakta.Grimes, John A. (1996). A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English. State University of New York Press. . LCCN 96012383. pages 16–17 An mga Agamikong tradisyon kun minsan inaapod na Tantrismo, maski ngane an terminong "Tantra" parati ginagamit sa espesipikong apod sa Shakta Agamas.Wojciech Maria Zalewski (2012), The Crucible of Religion: Culture, Civilization, and Affirmation of Life, Wipf and Stock Publishers, , page 128Banerji, S. C. (2007). A Companion To Tantra. Abhinav Publications.  Mariasusai Dhavamony (1999), Hindu Spirituality, Gregorian University and Biblical Press, , pages 31–34 with footnotes An literaturang Agama mahibog, asin kaiba an 28 Shaiva Agamas, 64 Shakta Agamas (pig'aapod man na Tantras), asin 108 Vaishnava Agamas (pig'aapod man na Pancharatra Samhitas), asin kadakol Upa-Agamas.Klaus Klostermaier (2007), A Survey of Hinduism: Third Edition, State University of New York Press, , pages 49–50

Bakong malinaw an ginikanan asin kronolohiya kan Agamas. An iba igdi iyo an Vedic asin iba pa na bakong-Vedic.PT Raju (2009), The Philosophical Traditions of India, Routledge, , page 45; Quote: The word Agama means 'coming down', and the literature is that of traditions, which are mixtures of the Vedic with some non-Vedic ones, which were later assimilated to the Vedic. Kaiba sa mga tradisyon iyo an Yoga asin Pansadiring Realisasyon na mga konsepto, kaiba sa nagkapira an Kundalini Yoga, asceticismo, asin mga pilosopiya na hale sa Dvaita (dualismo) pasiring sa Advaita (monismo).Singh, L. P. (2010). Tantra, Its Mystic and Scientific Basis, Concept Publishing Company. Jean Filliozat (1991), Religion, Philosophy, Yoga: A Selection of Articles, Motilal Banarsidass, , pages 68–69Richard Davis (2014), Ritual in an Oscillating Universe: Worshipping Siva in Medieval India, Princeton University Press, , page 167 note 21, Quote (page 13): "Some agamas argue a monist metaphysics, while others are decidedly dualist. Some claim ritual is the most efficacious means of religious attainment, while others assert that knowledge is more important." An iba nagsusuherir na ini iyo an mga tekstong post-Vedic, an iba bilang mga pre-Vedic na mga komposisyon na napetsahan pabalik sa labi sa 1100 BCE.Guy Beck (1993), Sonic Theology: Hinduism and Sacred Sound, University of South Carolina Press, , pages 151–152Tripath, S.M. (2001). Psycho-Religious Studies Of Man, Mind And Nature. Global Vision Publishing House. Drabu, V. N. (1990). Śaivāgamas: A Study in the Socio-economic Ideas and Institutions of Kashmir (200 B.C. to A.D. 700), Indus Publishing Company. . LCCN lc90905805 An ebidensiang Epigrapo asin arkeolohiko nagsusuherir na an mga tekstong Agama nag-eeksister kan mga kabangaan kan ika-1 milenyo CE, sa panahon kan dinastiyang Pallava.Richard Davis (2014), Worshiping Śiva in Medieval India: Ritual in an Oscillating Universe, Princeton University Press, , pages 12–13Hilko Wiardo Schomerus and Humphrey Palmer (2000), Śaiva Siddhānta: An Indian School of Mystical Thought, Motilal Banarsidass, , pages 7–10

Sinasabi kan mga iskolar na may mga nakasurat sa mga tekstong Hindu Agama na minalataw na isinisikwal an awtoridad kan mga Veda, mantang an ibang teksto nagsasabi na an saindang mga presepto naghahayag kan tunay na espiritu kan mga Veda.For examples of Vaishnavism Agama text verses praising Vedas and philosophy therein, see Sanjukta Gupta (2013), Lakṣmī Tantra: A Pāñcarātra Text, Motilal Banarsidass, , pages xxiii-xxiv, 96, 158–159, 219, 340, 353 with footnotes, Quote: "In order not to dislocate the laws of dharma and to maintain the family, to govern the world without disturbance, to establish norms and to gratify me and Vishnu, the God of gods, the wise should not violate the Vedic laws even in thought – The Secret Method of Self-Surrender, Lakshmi Tantra, Pāñcarātra Agama".For examples in Shaivism literature, see T Isaac Tambyah (1984), Psalms of a Saiva Saint, Asian Educational Services, , pages xxii-xxvi An mga henera pangliteraryo makukua man sa tradisyon na  ⁇ rama ⁇ ic  (i.e. Buddhist, Jaina, etc.).Helen Baroni (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Zen Buddhism, Rosen Publishing, , page 3Tigunait, Rajmani (1998), Śakti, the Power in Tantra: A Scholarly Approach, Himalayan Institute Press. . LCCN 98070188 An tradisyon na Bali Hindu opisyal na inaapod na Agama Hindu Dharma sa Indonesya.June McDaniel (2010), Agama Hindu Dharma Indonesia as a New Religious Movement: Hinduism Recreated in the Image of Islam, Nova Religio, Vol. 14, No. 1, pages 93–111

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