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"Charles John Engledow Charles John Engledow (30 September 1860 – 18 December 1932) was a British military officer and an Irish nationalist politician and Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom for the North Kildare, where he sat as an anti-Parnellite from 1895 to 1900. He was the son of Rev W. H. Engledow, LL. D., and Clara Boyd, daughter of John Boyd, JP. Educated at the University of Cambridge, for many years he was aide-de-camp to the Governor of Grenada and subsequently to the Governor-in-Chief of the Windward Islands. In the 1880s, he moved to County Carlow, Ireland, where he leased Burton Hall, owned by Sir John Pope Hennessy. Lease. When that lease expired, he took up residence in Rostellan, County Cork. In 1885, he was appointed a justice of the peace in County Carlow, Ireland. He subsequently became an ex-officio member of Carlow Board of Guardians, serving as chairman for a time. He was also involved in Athy Board of Guardians. In 1893, he was appointed High Sheriff of Carlow. In 1885, he contested the 1895 general election for North Kildare seat as an anti-Parnellite, taking 53.2 percent of the vote. Defeated in 1900 general election as a Healyite Nationalist, his political demise was blamed on his voting for a gratuity to Lord Kitchener, whom Irish nationalists condemned as the \"butcher of Omdurman”. Engledow subsequently moved to Cork, where he was also a justice of the peace, a member of Cork County Council and Midleton Rural District Council. He died on 18 December at his residence at Glenmergue, Glanmire, Cork. Charles John Engledow Charles John Engledow (30 September 1860 – 18 December 1932) was a British military officer and an Irish nationalist politician and Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of"
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"Andrew J. Grigsby Andrew Jackson Grigsby (November 2, 1819 – December 23, 1895) was a Confederate States Army officer in the famed Stonewall Brigade during the American Civil War. Grigsby was also known as both \"A. J. Grigsby\" and \"Arnold J. Grigsby\". Grigsby was born in Rockbridge County, Virginia. He attended Washington College (later, Washington & Lee University). He became a farmer and served in the Mexican War. When the Civil War erupted, he became a major in the 27th Virginia Infantry in the Stonewall Brigade in 1861 and lieutenant colonel later that year. After the regiment's commander, Col. John Echols, was wounded at Kernstown on March 23, 1862, Grigsby got command and led the regiment throughout the remainder of the Valley Campaign, the Seven Days Battles, and the Northern Virginia Campaign. When Col. William Baylor, the acting commander of the Stonewall Brigade, was killed at Second Bull Run, Grigsby took over the brigade. Grigsby then led the Stonewall Brigade into the Maryland Campaign. At Antietam, Grigsby, despite being merely a colonel, succeeded to division command when Brig. Gen John R. Jones was wounded and Brig. Gen William E. Starke was killed. He was brevetted Brig. Gen. and so served, but was apparently never confirmed. After the battle was over, Stonewall Jackson named two staff officers to fill the vacated command positions. Brig. Gen Raleigh Colston got division command and Brig. Gen Elisha Paxton got command of the Stonewall Brigade. Grigsby, who had led the brigade in two major battles, felt that he fully earned a promotion to brigadier general and was outraged at Jackson demoting him back to regimental command. One theory why Grigsby was passed over for promotion was his use of profane language, which displeased the devout and sober Jackson. Grigsby resigned his commission in disgust that November. Jackson did not explain why he was not promoted, but it has been suggested that he disliked the hot-tempered, profane Grigsby and preferred instead to appoint Elisha Paxton, a somber, religious man who was close to him. Grigsby is reported to have had a testy encounter with Jefferson Davis, when he went to Richmond, Virginia, to protest being passed over for promotion. This resulted in his remaining at home, unemployed in further service, for the rest of the war. After his resignation on November 14, 1862, he served in the CSA House of Representatives for the Kentucky delegation. He died in Stony Point, Virginia, and is buried there in the Gross family cemetery. Andrew J. Grigsby Andrew Jackson Grigsby (November 2, 1819 – December 23, 1895) was a Confederate States Army officer in the famed Stonewall Brigade during the American Civil War. Grigsby was also known as both \"A. J. Grigsby\" and \"Arnold J. Grigsby\". Grigsby was born in Rockbridge County, Virginia. He attended Washington College (later, Washington & Lee University). He became a farmer and served in the Mexican War. When the Civil War erupted, he became a major in the 27th Virginia Infantry in the Stonewall Brigade"
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"retrieved": [
"Alfred Deakin Brookes Alfred Deakin Brookes (11 April 1920 – 19 June 2005) was the first head of the Australian Secret Intelligence Service, the intelligence agency of the Australian government that collects foreign intelligence. He was appointed in 1952 by Robert Menzies the prime minister at that time. Brookes was the son of Ivy (née Deakin) and Herbert Brookes. His father was a prominent businessman and philanthropist, while his mother was the daughter of Alfred Deakin, the second Prime Minister of Australia. He had two older siblings, Jessie and Wilfred. Between 1929 and 1930 he lived with his family in Washington as his father was the Commissioner-General to the United States. During World War II, Brookes enlisted with the army in Melbourne with service number VX112158. He was a Lieutenant in the Australian Army, and worked at the Allied Intelligence Bureau in Melbourne. He was the Chief of the Army section in the Far Eastern Liaison Office, which was also known as the Military Propaganda Section or section D. Brookes lobbied the Menzies government to set up an intelligence organisation in Australia similar to MI6 (the Secret Intelligence Service in the United Kingdom). Richard Casey — the Minister for External Affairs — agreed, and Brookes became the first Director-General of the Australian Secret Intelligence Service until 1957 when he departed public office to work in the private sector. He named a street \"Brookes Street\" in Point Lonsdale, Victoria, when he subdivided land which had belonged to his father, Herbert Brookes, into a housing estate. Alfred Deakin Brookes Alfred Deakin Brookes (11 April 1920 – 19 June 2005) was the first head of the Australian Secret Intelligence Service, the intelligence agency of the Australian government that collects foreign intelligence. He was appointed in 1952 by Robert Menzies the prime minister at"
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"retrieved": [
"Alex Henteloff Alex Henteloff (born May 23, 1942) is an American actor. Born in Los Angeles, California, Henteloff has appeared mostly on television in guest starring roles. He portrayed the attorney Arnold Drake Ripner in a recurring role on the television series \"Barney Miller\". His many TV appearances include \"I Spy\", \"Mannix\", \"Baretta\", \"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\", \"McCloud\", \"Ironside\", \"M*A*S*H\", \"Pistols 'n' Petticoats\", \"Soap\", \"Quincy, M.E.\", \"Night Court\", \"ALF\", \"St. Elsewhere\", \"Columbo\" and \"The Young Rebels\" (in which he co-starred in its 15-episode run, in 1970). He was a regular on the 1973 situation comedy \"Needles and Pins\" playing Myron Russo. He also appeared in some feature film roles including \"Slither\" (1973), \"Hardly Working\" (1980), \"\" (1986) and \"Payback\" (1999). Alex Henteloff Alex Henteloff (born May 23, 1942) is an American actor. Born in Los Angeles, California, Henteloff has appeared mostly on television in guest starring roles. He portrayed the attorney Arnold Drake Ripner in a recurring role on the television series \"Barney Miller\". His many TV appearances include \"I Spy\", \"Mannix\", \"Baretta\", \"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\", \"McCloud\", \"Ironside\", \"M*A*S*H\", \"Pistols 'n' Petticoats\", \"Soap\", \"Quincy, M.E.\", \"Night Court\", \"ALF\", \"St. Elsewhere\", \"Columbo\" and \"The Young Rebels\" (in which"
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"Island Pond Historic District The Island Pond Historic District encompasses a portion of the village of Island Pond in the town of Brighton, Vermont. The village was established in the 19th century as the halfway point in the Grand Trunk Railway, an international railroad connection Portland, Maine and Montreal. Island Pond was a major service center for the railroad, and became a commercial hub of northeastern Vermont. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. The town of Brighton was an isolated farming community in northeastern Vermont prior to 1853, the year the two halves of the Grand Trunk Railway met at Island Pond (named for the nearby body of water, which has a small island in it). Over the next twenty years, the town's population rose from under 200 to more than 1,500, with many of the new residents somehow involved in the operations of the railroad. There was a large service yard in the area between Railroad and South Streets, where the former depot still stands, including service sheds and a turntable, and the station was a customs and immigration stop. The railroad was a driving economic force in the community, which suffered as the railroad declined in importance in the mid-20th century. Passenger service ended on the route in 1963, and much of the service infrastructure was demolished by the mid-1970s. The historic district encompasses a large part of the northern section of the village of Island Pond. It is bounded on the south by Main Street and Railroad Street, which flank the railroad right-of-way to the north. It is bounded on the east by Elm and Mountain Streets, and the west by Maple Street, with its northern boundary at North Street. It covers , including the railroad-facing elements of the business district on the south side of Main and Railroad Streets, with the village's major residential area on the north side of the tracks. Most of the district's buildings were built in the half-century following the railroad's arrival in 1853, and are of vernacular wood-frame construction. There is only one brick buildings in the district (the railroad station), and three churches. Of the buildings in the district, only one, the Christ Church, is known to be architect-designed. Island Pond Historic District The Island Pond Historic District encompasses a portion of the village of Island Pond in the town of Brighton, Vermont."
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"Blink (band) Blink are a pop rock band from Ireland. They are noted for their mixture of humour and melancholy. They have released three albums to date: \"A Map of the Universe by Blink\" (1994), \"The End Is High\" (1998) and \"Deep Inside the Sound of Sadness\" (2004). \"A Map of the Universe by Blink\" was an Irish top ten album. \"The End is High\" was a Billboard album of the week and \"Deep inside the Sound of Sadness\" was nominated as Best Irish Album of the Year in the 2005 Meteor Music Awards. The band are also notable as being the first band to be pictured on a telephone card. 202,000 were produced, including a limited run of 2,000, which were used as membership cards for the band's fan club. All cards said \"Limited Edition\" despite being produced in great quantities. The San Diego based pop punk band now known as Blink-182 was originally also called Blink, but a legal dispute with the Irish Blink resulted in their name change to Blink-182. Blink was formed in the early 1990s by Dermot Lambert (vocals/guitars), Robbie Sexton (keyboards), Brian McLoughlin (bass) and Barry Campbell (drums). Blink's inclusion on a CD for a trade festival in New York generated a positive review, which ended with the band signing with EMI for their debut release. The bands name comes from the song Iceblink Luck by the Cocteau Twins, which was the favourite song of the bands drummer, Barry Campbell. Four months after playing their very first gig in 1992, Blink found themselves in recording studios working with producers including John O'Neill, Gil Norton and Steve Hillage. Blink's first singles 'Going To Nepal' and 'Happy Day' reached the top 20 in Ireland. Their third release 'It's Not My Fault' debuted at No 8. August 1994 saw the release of their debut album 'A Map of the Universe By Blink'. Parlophone and EMI UK launched the Lime Records imprint in the US and brought Blink stateside for their US debut where they garnered college and mainstream radio airplay and packed live shows. Blink was indeed on the map! When the record company were looking for a new album, the band hesitantly packed their bags and headed back to start recording for Parlophone UK. However, the call of the US kept coming hard and strong – offers of shows, supports with bands they had met over there, so album number two was postponed in favour of a return trip to the States. In April 1996, the band received a letter from the label Parlophone reading ending their first deal. The decision to try to break the States was a solid one and a year later, the band signed on the dotted line with Paradigm Records, Blink began recording their second album 'The End Is High', releasing it in the US in March 1998. \"Billboard\" magazine named the album their five star album of the month, and the album went on to sell 90,000 copies in a very short space of time, opening the doors for bigger US tour supports. 1999 onwards saw Blink opening shows and sharing dressing rooms with artists including Mercury Rev, Moby, Lloyd Cole, The Cardigans, Mark Geary and Blink-182. Despite Paradigm Records closing, Blink and Ministry programmer, Howie Beno, agreed to go ahead with plans for Blink's third album, \"Deep Inside The Sound of Sadness\". Wendy Starland took time out from writing with Quincy Jones to sing on the album's track \"Don't You Rollerblade in Nashville Tennessee?\" Lead singer Dermot Lambert released his first solo album Tiny to critical acclaim in June 2013, featuring several singles including Twinkle Twinkle Satellite, Hey Sean and Fade into The Morning Sun. In December 2015, the bands manager, Aiden Lambert, died from a \"virulent\" form of cancer. Lambert was a former member of staff at the Irish magazines Hot Press and later Phoenix Magazine before managing Blink. There was a large turnout for his funeral, which included tributes from many of his colleagues from the Irish music and media industries. Blink (band) Blink are a pop rock band from Ireland. They are noted for their mixture of humour and melancholy. They have released three albums to"
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"retrieved": [
"Donald Stone Macdonald Donald Stone Macdonald (1919 – August 29, 1993) was an American academic who specialized in Korean affairs, in particular the bilateral relations between South Korea and the United States. Macdonald had two careers, both concerning Korea. He was first a public servant at the US Department of State in Korean affairs, once serving as mayor of Kwangju and then became an academic on Korean affairs. His death in 1993 marked the end of almost five decades of involvement in Korea, dating from 1945 and the U.S. military occupation. Born in 1919 in Boston, Massachusetts in the United States, Macdonald was educated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he earned his B.A. He proceeded to Harvard University where he earned a M. A. in Political Science before moving to Washington, D.C. where he earned his doctorate in political science at the George Washington University. He then began a career at the State Department in 1945, focusing on Korea. There, he served as the Director of the Korea Desk and in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research, dividing his time between Washington and Seoul. It was to herald the start of 48 years of continuous involvement in Korea, and at one stage, he served as the mayor of Kwangju. During his State Department career, Macdonald received the Department's Superior Honor Award three times, and was given the John Jacobs Rogers Award for Distinguished Service. In addition to posting in South Korea, he served in the Foreign Service in Turkey and Switzerland. Macdonald taught at East Stroudsburg University in Pennsylvania from 1971 to 1980. In 1983, he created the Korea program at Georgetown University, where he taught until his death. Aside from his formal academic contributions, Macdonald oversaw Korean area studies at the State Department’s Foreign Service Institute for a number of years. In the 1960s, he was one of the founders of the Washington Korea Tuesday Luncheon Group, and was a prominent figure in international conferences on Korea. Macdonald was a president of the Mid Atlantic Region of the Association of Asian Studies, and after his term ended he was active on its membership committee and in reforming its governance. He founded and edited the \"MidAtlantic Bulletin of Korean Studies\". He continually worked to expand knowledge of Korea and Asia within the academic community, into the education system and the wider public. Macdonald was prominent in establishing the Wineck Prize for the best high school essay on Asian studies in the mid-Atlantic region, and worked to disseminate knowledge of Korea outside specialist circles. Pedagogically speaking, Macdonald's university textbook, \"The Koreans: Contemporary Politics and Society\" was the most popular university text on the subject. Macdonald was also the author of \"U.S.-Korea Relations from Liberation to Self-Reliance\", which resulted from a classified study he undertook for the State Department. At the time of his death, he had partially completed a book on Korean politics, for which he had been awarded a Fulbright Scholarship to Korea. Macdonald was a founder of Senior International Resources, a not-for-profit consulting firm. His social and educational concerns were reflected in his donations of time and funds for such activities. Donald Stone Macdonald Donald Stone Macdonald (1919 – August 29, 1993) was an American academic who specialized in Korean affairs, in particular the bilateral relations between South Korea and the United States. Macdonald had two careers, both concerning Korea. He was first a public servant at the US Department of State in Korean affairs, once serving as mayor of Kwangju and then became an academic on Korean affairs. His death in 1993 marked the end of"
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"Manly, Queensland Manly is an eastern bayside suburb of the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Manly is located approximately east of the Brisbane central business district. Surrounding suburbs are Wynnum (to the north), Lota to the South and Manly West (to the west). To the east lies Moreton Bay. This part of Moreton Bay was occupied by the Aboriginal Mipirimm people. Their lifestyle was semi-nomadic. Increasing contact with the white settlers brought new diseases to the Aborigines including smallpox and tuberculosis which ravaged the indigenous population. European settlement of the Manly area first took place around 1860. In 1882 land was sold by auction for the \"Manly Beach Estate\", apparently named after Manly, New South Wales beach in Sydney. In 1889 a railway line was opened that provided a direct service to the state capital, Brisbane. By the early 1900s the area had become a popular seaside location. Manly State School opened on 4 July 1910. The well-sheltered coastal location of Manly has resulted in it becoming a popular location for boating. In 1958 Manly Boat Harbour was built. Large tidal walls were constructed to the north and south with dredging being undertaken to deepen the harbour. The silt that was recovered in this process was brought ashore and used in the construction of the parks and parking areas around the harbour. Manly has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Manly Boat Harbour is now the largest boat harbour facility in the Southern Hemisphere, with over 3,000 dry standings and wet berths, plus two public boat ramps (one at each end of the harbour). A number of boating clubs are based in Manly including the Royal Queensland Yacht Squadron, the Wynnum Manly Yacht Club, the Moreton Bay Trailer Boat Club, and the Darling Point Sailing Squadron (which shares space with the Multi-Hull Club of Australia, and the charity for handicapped people known as Sailability). Royal Queensland Yacht Squadron, Wynnum Manly Yacht Club and Moreton Bay Trailer Boat club have floating marinas, dry boat storage facilities and boat maintenance yards for use by members. There is one commercial marina in the harbour, East Coast Marina, also offering floating berths, undercover boat storage and a boat maintenance yard. Brisbane Coast Guard (a Flotilla of the Australian Volunteer Coast Guard Association) also has its Flotilla Base in Manly Boat Harbour, at 40 Trafalgar Street, near the harbour entrance. This Flotilla, the largest in Australia, has the Lord Mayor of Brisbane as its Patron. It was formed in 1972 and continues to operate duty rosters every weekend and public holiday, with its emergency services on call 24/7. Over 43% of households in this area consist of couples without children and a further 37% are couples with children. Stand-alone houses account for 67% of all dwellings in this area, with townhouses accounting for a further 10%. The median house price in Manly for the 2004 calendar year was $510,000. Federally, the people of Manly are represented by Ross Vasta MP (elected 2010) in the seat of Bonner. In the the population of Manly was 3,702, 50.4% female and 49.6% male. The median age of the Manly population was 42 years of age, 5 years above the Australian median. 73.1% of people living in Manly were born in Australia, compared to the national average of 69.8%; the next most common countries of birth were England 6.7%, New Zealand 5.6%, Scotland 0.8%, United States of America 0.7%, Ireland 0.6%. 90.2% of people spoke only English at home; the next most common languages were 0.5% French, 0.4% Tagalog, 0.3% Dutch, 0.3% Cantonese, 0.3% Thai. Manly railway station provides access to regular Queensland Rail City network services to Brisbane and Cleveland. A number of local bus services operate between Manly and surrounding suburbs, with connections to Brisbane City services in Wynnum. Manly, Queensland Manly is an eastern bayside suburb of the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Manly is located approximately east of the Brisbane central business district. Surrounding suburbs are Wynnum (to the north), Lota to the South and Manly West (to the west). To the east lies Moreton Bay. This part of Moreton Bay was occupied by the Aboriginal Mipirimm people. Their lifestyle was semi-nomadic. Increasing contact with"
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"Sadhu A sadhu (IAST: ' (male), \"sādhvī\" or \"sādhvīne\" (female)), also spelled saddhu\"', is a religious ascetic, mendicant (monk) or any holy person in Hinduism and Jainism who has renounced the worldly life. They are sometimes alternatively referred to as \" jogi\", \"sannyasi\" or \"vairagi\". It literally means one who practises a ″sadhana″ or keenly follows a path of spiritual discipline. Although the vast majority of sādhus are yogīs, not all yogīs are sādhus. The sādhu is solely dedicated to achieving mokṣa (liberation), the fourth and final aśrama (stage of life), through meditation and contemplation of Brahman. Sādhus often wear simple clothing, such saffron-coloured clothing in Hinduism, white or nothing in Jainism, symbolising their sannyāsa (renunciation of worldly possessions). A female mendicant in Hinduism and Jainism is often called a sadhvi, or in some texts as aryika. The term \"sadhu\" (Sanskrit: साधु) appears in \"Rigveda\" and \"Atharvaveda\" where it means \"straight, right, leading straight to goal\", according to Monier Monier-Williams. In the Brahmanas layer of Vedic literature, the term connotes someone who is \"well disposed, kind, willing, effective or efficient, peaceful, secure, good, virtuous, honourable, righteous, noble\" depending on the context. In the Hindu Epics, the term implies someone who is a \"saint, sage, seer, holy man, virtuous, chaste, honest or right\". The Sanskrit terms \"sādhu\" (\"good man\") and \"sādhvī\" (\"good woman\") refer to renouncers who have chosen to live lives apart from or on the edges of society to focus on their own spiritual practices. The words come from the root \"sādh\", which means \"reach one's goal\", \"make straight\", or \"gain power over\". The same root is used in the word sādhanā, which means \"spiritual practice\". It literally means one who practises a ″sadhana″ or a path of spiritual discipline. There are 4 to 5 million sadhus in India today and they are widely respected for their holiness. It is also thought that the austere practices of the sadhus help to burn off their karma and that of the community at large. Thus seen as benefiting society, sadhus are supported by donations from many people. However, reverence of sadhus is by no means universal in India. For example, Nath yogi sadhus have been viewed with a certain degree of suspicion particularly amongst the urban populations of India, but they have been revered and are popular in rural India. There are naked (digambara, or \"sky-clad\") sadhus who wear their hair in thick dreadlocks called \"jata\". Sadhus engage in a wide variety of religious practices. Some practice asceticism and solitary meditation, while others prefer group praying, chanting or meditating. They typically live a simple lifestyle, have very few or no possessions, survive by food and drinks from leftovers that they beg for or is donated by others. Many sadhus have rules for alms collection, and do not visit the same place twice on different days to avoid bothering the residents. They generally walk or travel over distant places, homeless, visiting temples and pilgrimage centers as a part of their spiritual practice. Celibacy is common, but some sects experiment with consensual tantric sex as a part of their practice. Sex is viewed by them as a transcendence from a personal, intimate act to something impersonal and ascetic. Shaiva sadhus are renunciates devoted to Shiva, and Vaishnava sadhus are renouncers devoted to Vishnu (or his avatar like Rama or Krishna). The Vaishnava sadhus are sometimes referred to as \"vairagis\". Less numerous are Shakta sadhus, who are devoted to Shakti. Within these general divisions are numerous sects and subsects, reflecting different lineages and philosophical schools and traditions (often referred to as \"sampradayas\"). Within the Shaiva sadhus are many subgroups. Most Shaiva sadhus wear a Tripundra mark on their forehead, dress in saffron, red or orange color clothes, and live a monastic life. Some sadhus such as the Aghori share the practices of ancient Kapalikas, where they beg with a skull, smeared their body with ashes from the cremation ground, and experiment with substances or practices that are generally abhorred by society. The Dashanami Sampradaya sadhus belong to the Smarta Tradition. They are said to have been formed by the philosopher and renunciant Adi Shankara, believed to have lived in the 8th century CE, though the full history of the sect's formation is not clear. Among them are the Naga subgroups, naked sadhu known for carrying weapons like tridents, swords, canes, and spears. Said to have once functioned as an armed order to protect Hindus from the Mughal rulers, they were involved in a number of military defence campaigns. Generally in the ambit of non-violence at present, some sections are known to practice wrestling and martial arts. Their retreats are still called \"chhaavni\" or armed camps, and mock duels are still sometimes held between them. Female sadhus (\"sadhvi\"s) exist in many sects. In many cases, the women that take to the life of renunciation are widows, and these types of sadhvis often live secluded lives in ascetic compounds. Sadhvis are sometimes regarded by some as manifestations or forms of the Goddess, or Devi, and are honoured as such. There have been a number of charismatic sadhvis that have risen to fame as religious teachers in contemporary India—e.g., Anandamayi Ma, Sarada Devi, Mata Amritanandamayi, and Karunamayi. The Jain community is traditionally discussed in its texts with four terms: \"sadhu\" (monks), \"sadhvi or aryika\" (nuns), \"sravaka\" (laymen householders) and \"sravika\" (laywomen householders). As in Hinduism and Buddhism, the Jain householders support the monastic community. The \"sadhus\" and \"sadhvis\" are intertwined with the Jain lay society, perform \"Murtipuja\" (Jina idol worship) and lead festive rituals, and they are organized in a strongly hierarchical monastic structure. There are differences between the Digambara and Svetambara sadhus and sadhvi traditions. The Digambara sadhus own no clothes as a part of their interpretation of Five vows, and they live their ascetic austere lives in nakedness. The Digambara sadhvis wear white clothes. The Svetambara sadhus and sadhvis both wear white clothes. According to a 2009 publication by Harvey J. Sindima, Jain monastic community had 6,000 sadhvis of which less than 100 belong to the Digambara tradition and rest to Svetambara. The processes and rituals of becoming a sadhu vary with sect; in almost all sects, a sadhu is initiated by a guru, who bestows upon the initiate a new name, as well as a mantra, (or sacred sound or phrase), which is generally known only to the sadhu and the guru and may be repeated by the initiate as part of meditative practice. Becoming a sadhu is a path followed by millions. It is supposed to be the fourth phase in a Hindu's life, after studies, being a father and a pilgrim, but for most it is not a practical option. For a person to become sadhu needs vairagya. Vairagya means desire to achieve something by leaving the world (cutting familial, societal and earthly attachments). A person who wants to become sadhu must first seek a guru. There, he or she must perform 'guruseva' which means service. The guru decides whether the person is eligible to take sannyasa by observing the sisya (the person who wants to become a sadhu or sanyasi). If the person is eligible, \"guru upadesa\" (which means teachings) is done. Only then, the person transforms into sanyasi or sadhu. There are different types of sanyasis in India who follow different sampradya. But, all sadhus have a common goal: attaining moksha (liberation). Kumbh Mela, a mass-gathering of sadhus from all parts of India, takes place every three years at one of four points along sacred rivers in India, including the holy River Ganges. In 2007 it was held in Nasik, Maharashtra. Peter Owen-Jones filmed one episode of \"Extreme Pilgrim\" there during this event. It took place again in",
"he or she must perform 'guruseva' which means service. The guru decides whether the person is eligible to take sannyasa by observing the sisya (the person who wants to become a sadhu or sanyasi). If the person is eligible, \"guru upadesa\" (which means teachings) is done. Only then, the person transforms into sanyasi or sadhu. There are different types of sanyasis in India who follow different sampradya. But, all sadhus have a common goal: attaining moksha (liberation). Kumbh Mela, a mass-gathering of sadhus from all parts of India, takes place every three years at one of four points along sacred rivers in India, including the holy River Ganges. In 2007 it was held in Nasik, Maharashtra. Peter Owen-Jones filmed one episode of \"Extreme Pilgrim\" there during this event. It took place again in Haridwar in 2010. Sadhus of all sects join in this reunion. Millions of non-sadhu pilgrims also attend the festivals, and the Kumbh Mela is the largest gathering of human beings for a single religious purpose on the planet; the most recent Kumbh Mela started on 14 January 2013, at Allahabad. At the festival, sadhus appear in large numbers, including those \"completely naked with ash-smeared bodies, [who] sprint into the chilly waters for a dip at the crack of dawn\". Sadhu A sadhu (IAST: ' (male), \"sādhvī\" or \"sādhvīne\" (female)), also spelled saddhu\"', is a religious ascetic, mendicant (monk) or any holy person in Hinduism and Jainism who has renounced the worldly life."
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"NanoMemPro IPPC Database The NanoMemPro IPPC database focus the operations where membranes are introduced as Best Available Techniques in the industrial areas addressed by the IPPC Directive. The Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive was adopted by the European Council on September 24, 1996. It defines the obligations with which highly polluting industrial and agricultural activities must comply. It establishes a procedure for authorizing these activities: a permit is issued if certain environmental conditions are met. The IPPC Directive aims to minimise pollution from various sources throughout the European Union (it concerns both new and existing installations). To do so, all industrial installations covered by the Annex I of the IPPC Directive (see ) are required to obtain an authorisation (permit) from the authorities in the EU countries before they are allowed to operate. The permits granted must be based on the concept of Best Available Techniques (or BAT). The IPPC Directive covers 33 industrial sectors where in almost all of them membrane processes appear as BAT, not only as an end-of-pipe solution for effluent treatment but mainly as a part of the industrial production processes. Membrane process integration play a crucial role, depending on the industrial sector in which they are integrated, and these roles may be: The IPPC Database was designed by the NanoMemPro Network of Excellence to focus the operations where membranes are introduced as BAT in the industrial areas addressed by the IPPC Directive documents. The Database built allows any user to search information upon the following criteria: The information states which membrane processes are defined as a BAT in a given industrial sector and what is the application/purpose of that membrane process(es). When accessing the Database, one can enter a username and password. This password insertion is used only by the database manager. To view and search the information of the database, just press the OK button, ignoring the password insertion procedure. This IPPC Database is available in the NanoMemPro website. NanoMemPro IPPC Database The NanoMemPro IPPC database focus the operations where membranes are introduced as Best Available Techniques in the industrial areas addressed by the IPPC Directive. The Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive was adopted by the European Council on September 24, 1996. It defines the obligations with which highly polluting industrial and agricultural activities must comply. It establishes a procedure for authorizing these activities: a permit is issued if certain"
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"Regulated Industries Committee (Georgia House) The House Regulated Industries Committee is a 19 member legislative body consisting of a chairman, a vice-chairman, a secretary, and 16 members. The Committee operates under a House mandate to evaluate legislation affecting the way companies and professionals in regulated industries conduct business throughout the state. The House Regulated Industries Committee is responsible for all legislation that regulates the way companies and professionals in the \"alcohol, tobacco, construction, cosmetology, funeral services and other industries\" conduct business in Georgia. The committee has jurisdiction over the requirements for occupational licensing and professional certifications that pertaining to such industry in Georgia. , the members of the House Regulated Industries Committee are: Regulated Industries Committee (Georgia House) The House Regulated Industries Committee is a 19 member legislative body consisting of a chairman, a vice-chairman, a secretary, and 16 members. The Committee operates under a House mandate to evaluate legislation affecting the way companies and professionals in regulated industries conduct business throughout the state. The House Regulated Industries Committee is responsible for all legislation that regulates the way companies and professionals in the \"alcohol, tobacco, construction, cosmetology, funeral services and other industries\" conduct business in Georgia. The committee has jurisdiction"
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"Softpress Softpress Systems is a software publisher with its headquarters in Witney in Oxfordshire, UK. The company was founded in 1993. Originally the developers of a print-publishing application called Uniqorn. Development of Uniqorn ended after Apple discontinued printing support for its QuickDraw GX component. The company initiated development of Freeway (currently version 7) in 1996, a DTP (Desktop publishing)-style website creation program. Freeway was an HTML generator, as opposed to an HTML editor, allowing users to design in similar ways to DTP applications rather than work directly with code. There was a Pro - professional - version and Express version - focused towards home and small business users. Softpress also developed Exhibeo, for creating web galleries and showcases. Softpress Systems was managed by Joe Billings (Managing Director), Richard Logan (Financial Director), and Stewart Fellows (Technical Director). On the 4th July, 2016, Softpress announced that it had ceased trading, saying that “current revenue and new product development, are insufficient to sustain the company as a viable entity going forward’. On the 1st February 2017 the Softpress website at http://www.softpress.com/ proclaimed: \"We missed you! We’ve returned from the netherworld...\" Softpress Softpress Systems is a software publisher with its headquarters in Witney in"
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"Whale Hill Whale Hill is an area of Eston, England, in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland, lying at the foot of the Eston Hills. The neighbourhood has a population of around 1,500 people, with a mix of age groups living in private and social housing. The suburb also benefits from a local private members' club, which has seen mass improvement in appearance. From March 2012 the area has had new shops built and an extension to the park and gardens. And the purpose-built community centre has also had a make over. The local community centre, built in the 1970s, is a helping hand for the community. They have also raised large amounts of money, and have helped make the towns appearance win awards, with the local roundabout has been upgraded with a centrepiece of three whales swimming together and large flower bed around. They have also raised money to build a large community park, and are still raising money to expand and improve this. Whale Hill is within the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, and lies south west of Redcar. Whale Hill is also south east of Middlesbrough town centre. Whale Hill is served well by a local bus service, to the towns of Middlesbrough and Redcar. Arriva and Leven Valley both run services to the local towns, and also outlying towns such as Guisborough, and Saltburn. There are six bus stops in the area. The closest railway station is located in South Bank, which lies north of Whale Hill. With the rapid growth of all the local villages and towns, the area of Whale Hill was built in the late 1950s to cope with the high demand from people wanting larger, private housing. The estate was finished in the summer of 1963. Whale Hill Whale Hill is an area of Eston, England, in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland, lying at the foot of the Eston Hills. The neighbourhood has a population of around 1,500 people, with a mix of age groups living in private and social housing. The suburb also benefits from a local private members' club, which has seen mass improvement in appearance. From March 2012 the area has had new shops built and an extension to the park and gardens. And the purpose-built community centre has also had a make over. The local community centre,"
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"Eu Sou Todos Nós Eu Sou Todos Nós is the fourteenth studio album by Brazilian solo artist Zé Ramalho. It was released in 1998. The album cover is a composite of pictures of several people, forming the face of Zé Ramalho, which is an allusion to the album's title, \"Eu Sou Todos Nós\", which translates as \"\"I Am All Of Us\"\". It sold more than 100,000 copies in the first month and it had reached the 190,000 mark by April of the next year. It succeeds the well-sold compilation \"Antologia Acústica\". According to Ramalho, BMG would probably rather release an \"Antologia 2\" of sorts, but the \"natural sequence\" for him was an album of new songs. In the contract with BMG, Ramalho managed to negotiate a three-album deal, including this effort, \"Nação Nordestina\" and \"Zé Ramalho Canta Raul Seixas\" - both of the latter already had their names defined at that time. The album features a protest song called \"Sem Terra\". Ramalho commented it: \"Nowadays it is out of fashion, but if I had done it in the times of the military, I would be arrested and tortured to the soul. I used the structure of the protest song, of the festivals. It is a dialogue with 'Caminhando', by Geraldo Vandré.\" Eu Sou Todos Nós Eu Sou Todos Nós is the fourteenth studio album by Brazilian solo artist Zé Ramalho. It was released in 1998. The album cover is a composite of pictures of several people, forming the face of Zé Ramalho, which is an allusion to the album's title, \"Eu Sou Todos Nós\", which translates as \"\"I Am All Of Us\"\". It sold more than 100,000 copies in the first month and it had reached the 190,000 mark by April of the next year. It succeeds the well-sold compilation"
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"Aatqall Taúaa Aatqall Taúaa is an artist (sculptor), Iraqi national and TV presenter in the 1970s in Iraq. During the 1970s, she presented the television program, \"Cinema and People\". She fled Iraq, after Saddam Hussein harassed her, and settled in Hungary. However, without a breadwinner, she struggled to live and began growing beans and small crops on a small farm. She returned to Iraq in 2003, but was hit by lung Cancer, which ended her career, and still has not dealt with the disease She presented a joint exhibition in 2013 in Iraq with the young artist Qusai Tariq, through the works of digital art, surreal works of art, in the forms of bean and bean Mtaangh, the artist Qusai Tariq change shapes digitally to produce a work of art The first book was published in 2012 (Memory stuff) Aatqall Taúaa Aatqall Taúaa is an artist (sculptor), Iraqi national and TV presenter in the 1970s in Iraq. During the 1970s, she presented the television program, \"Cinema and People\". She fled Iraq, after Saddam Hussein harassed her, and settled in Hungary. However, without a breadwinner, she struggled to live and began growing beans and small crops on a small farm. She"
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"Traveller (Jorn album) Traveller is the eighth studio album by Norwegian singer Jørn Lande's solo band JORN. The album was released on June 14, 2013 in Europe and June 11, 2013 in North America. It is characterized by its heavy yet melodic sound. The album lyrics primarily center around the themes of life and death. Former guitarist Tore Moren and bassist Nic Angileri left the band after the previous album, Bring Heavy Rock to the Land, to pursue solo careers. The new line-up for Traveller includes Wig Wam guitarist Trond Holter and bassist Bernt Jansen. A video clip for the title track \"Traveller\" featuring the new members of JORN was released on May 28, 2013 and a follow-up video for \"Cancer Demon\" was released five weeks later Traveller is the only album featuring bassist Bernt Jansen and the last to feature guitarist Jimmy Iversen and Jorn longtime drummer and partner Willy Bendiksen, who left the band on November 4, 2013. Traveller (Jorn album) Traveller is the eighth studio album by Norwegian singer Jørn Lande's solo band JORN. The album was released on June 14, 2013 in Europe and June 11, 2013 in North America. It is characterized by its heavy"
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"Drosera scorpioides Drosera scorpioides, commonly called the shaggy sundew, is a pygmy sundew native to the Jarrah Forest region and southern coasts of Southwest Australia. Notable for its unusually large size, \"D. scorpioides\" can produce rosettes measuring up to two inches in diameter and specimens may attain a height of up to 100 millimeters. The species is found on white sand and clay, near swamps, on sand ridges, and is associated with laterite. The flowers are pink and white, appearing sometime between August and October. Depending on the form, \"D. scorpioides\" can be expected to live up to seven years. Drosera scorpioides Drosera scorpioides, commonly called the shaggy sundew, is a pygmy sundew native to the Jarrah Forest region and southern coasts of Southwest Australia. Notable for its unusually large size, \"D. scorpioides\" can produce rosettes measuring up to two inches in diameter and specimens may attain a height of up to 100 millimeters. The species is found on white sand and clay, near swamps, on sand ridges, and is associated with laterite. The flowers are pink and white, appearing sometime between August and October. Depending on the form, \"D. scorpioides\" can be expected to live up to seven years."
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"John Anderson (musician) John David Anderson (born December 13, 1954 in Apopka, Florida) is an American country musician with a successful career that has lasted more than 30 years. Starting in 1977 with the release of his first single, \"I've Got a Feelin' (Somebody's Been Stealin')\", Anderson has charted more than 40 singles on the \"Billboard\" country music charts, including five number ones: \"Wild and Blue\", \"Swingin'\", \"Black Sheep\", \"Straight Tequila Night\", and \"Money in the Bank\". He has also recorded 22 studio albums on several labels. His newest album, \"Goldmine\", was released on May 26, 2015, on the Bayou Boys Music label. Anderson was inducted to the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame on October 5, 2014. Raised in Apopka, Florida, Anderson's first musical influences were not country artists, but rock and roll musicians such as Jimi Hendrix and The Rolling Stones. He played in a rock band until the age of 15, when he discovered the music of George Jones and Merle Haggard and turned to country music. Anderson moved to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1971, arriving unannounced at his sister's home, and took on odd jobs during the day - including one as a roofer at the Grand Ole Opry House - while playing in clubs during the evenings. The club appearances finally paid off in 1977 when he signed his first recording contract with Warner Bros. Records. He first hit the Billboard Country Hot 100 chart in 1977 with the song \"I’ve Got a Feelin’ (Somebody's Been Stealin')\", then broke into the country Top 40 with \"The Girl At The End Of The Bar\" the next year. Anderson's decidedly backwoods accent and distinctive vocal timbre helped land him in the forefront of the \"New Traditionalist\" movement with artists like Ricky Skaggs and George Strait. A steady stream of singles through the late 1970s and early 1980s continued to build Anderson's name in the country genre. The song \"I'm Just an Old Chunk of Coal (But I'm Gonna Be a Diamond Someday)\" from the 1981 album \"John Anderson 2\" netted Anderson a Grammy Award nomination for Best Male Country Vocal Performance. The release of Anderson's fourth album, \"Wild & Blue\", in 1982 led to his breakthrough to mainstream country when the single \"Swingin'\" hit the airwaves early the next year. Co-written with long-time writing partner Lionel Delmore, the song broke into the country charts and reached Number One by March, while at the same time crossing over to the Billboard Hot 100, reaching a peak of Number 43. The single became the biggest selling record in the history of Warner Bros. Records. In the wake of \"Swingin'\", Anderson received five nominations for Country Music Association awards for the year. He was the winner of the Horizon Award, and the song was named Single of the Year; he also received nominations for Song of the Year, Male Vocalist of the Year, and Album of the Year. Anderson's success with \"Wild & Blue\" carried on through several more albums, but none would match its chart numbers or sales. In 1986, Anderson and Warner Bros. parted ways. After leaving Warner Bros., Anderson signed with MCA Records and released two albums under that label, followed by one with Capitol Records in 1990. Chart success was minimal throughout those years. However, that turned around in 1991 when Anderson joined BNA Records and, working with legendary country producer James Stroud, released the album \"Seminole Wind\". Powered by the title single, which rose to Number Two, and the Number One single \"Straight Tequila Night\", the album proved a resurgence for Anderson's career. The album has been certified two times platinum, the highest of any of Anderson's albums, and he was nominated for three CMA Awards - Male Vocalist, Song of the Year and Album of the Year. The success of \"Seminole Wind\" brought a fresh life to Anderson's career, and he released a number of albums that charted well, producing several more singles that pushed to the upper levels of the country charts. The 1993 album \"Solid Ground\" produced a Number One single, \"Money in the Bank\", which turned out to be the most recent chart-topper of Anderson's career. He recorded for BNA through 1996 before leaving the label. In 1993, Anderson was awarded the Academy of Country Music Career Achievement award. Anderson has recorded for several labels since his departure from BNA, with moderate chart success. A new album titled \"Bigger Hands\", a return to working with Stroud as producer, was released in June 2009. Over his career, Anderson has collaborated with a number of different artists. He has worked with John Rich of Big & Rich on his 2007 album \"Easy Money\", and co-wrote Rich's 2009 single \"Shuttin' Detroit Down\" He has been named an honorary member of the MuzikMafia, of which Rich is also a member. Anderson lives in Smithville, Tennessee, his home for more than 30 years. John Anderson (musician) John David Anderson (born December 13, 1954 in Apopka, Florida) is an American country musician with a successful career that has lasted more than 30 years. Starting in 1977 with the release of his first single, \"I've Got a Feelin' (Somebody's Been Stealin')\", Anderson has charted more than 40 singles on the \"Billboard\" country music charts, including five number ones: \"Wild and Blue\", \"Swingin'\", \"Black Sheep\", \"Straight Tequila Night\", and \"Money in the Bank\". He has also recorded 22 studio albums on"
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"Katie Morag (TV series) Katie Morag is the television adaptation of the series of books by Mairi Hedderwick. The programmes follow the adventures of Katie Morag whose life on the fictional Scottish island of Struay is full of stories of jealousy, bravery and rivalry and peopled by an annoying little brother, busy shopkeeper parents, a perfectly perfect best friend and a couple of grandmothers who between them know everything about everything. The series was filmed by Scottish Independent Production Company, Move On Up and commissioned by the BBC's CBeebies channel. Don Coutts directed the series which Margaret Matheson produced and Lindy Cameron executive produced and edited. The series was shot on the Isle of Lewis between May and August 2013 at BBC Alba's studios in Stornoway and on location around the island. It comprised 26x15 minute episodes (6 of which were part of a sub-series called Grannie Island's Ceilidh) and began its run on Cbeebies on 3 November 2013. In June 2014, it was announced that \"Katie Morag\" would be returning for a second series. Cheryl Taylor, Controller of CBBC, said: \"This is the first time that CBBC and CBeebies have co-commissioned a series and I am really pleased to be working so closely with CBeebies. The exclusive episodes to be shown on CBBC will allow us to develop more multifaceted storylines for the older CBBC audience.\" Series two was filmed once more on Lewis, between 21 July and 13 September 2014, and comprised 3x15 minute episodes, 9x20 minute episodes and 1x30 minute episode. The first episode was aired on CBBC on 19 December 2014. The series was scripted by a team comprising Sergio Casci, Stuart Hepburn, Martin McCardie, Jan Storie, and Louise Wylie. They used the method of Team Writing For TV. This ensures that the concepts of theme, tone and narrative coherence are successfully carried across the large number of episodes of a long running TV Series. Crucially, it requires \"all \"writers to be present at \"all \"storylining sessions, and for detailed beat outlines to be created by the entire storylining team. Casting for the series included a casting call in Stornoway, Lewis in March 2013. The casting team also held extensive auditions in Glasgow and Edinburgh. The part was eventually won by seven-year-old Cherry Campbell from Glasgow (whose grandmother was born, and still lives, on Lewis). Campbell took part in the Stornoway auditions. Director Don Coutts said, \"We were looking for someone with energy, humour and courage to play the feisty wee character of Katie Morag and we think that Cherry has all three of these attributes in spades!\" The series is filmed on the Island of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides. Although the fictional Island of Struay is based on Coll in the Inner Hebrides, the producers felt Lewis had the necessary infrastructure to create the series. Executive producer Lindy Cameron further explained, \"It was important to us to try and keep as much of this production in the Highlands as we were able. By making good use of all the innate facilities and skills that Lewis has to offer us we hope that the benefit to the Island, and to all of the Hebrides, will be great.\" The locations include the remote village of Tolsta Chaolais (the McColl Shop and Post Office); Tabost, Lochs (Grannie Island's croft); Laxay Boathouse, Laxay (Uncle Matthew's Hut); Cnoc School, Knock; Dal Mor Beach; Bhaltos Pier (Ferry pier,and lady Artists house); Maivaig Pontoon; Shawbost Beach; Reef Beach; Carloway FC (shinty pitch). The soundtrack for the series was created by acclaimed Scottish musician, composer and producer Donald Shaw. The soundtrack was released as an mp3 download on 1 January 2016. The series has been dubbed into Scottish Gaelic, for broadcast on BBC Alba. Known as \"Ceitidh Mòrag\", the series began on 7 January 2014. The first series was met with widespread critical acclaim. Martin Chilton in \"The Telegraph\" wrote, \"The series is lovely and celebrates the sense of community so intrinsic to the stories.\" In \"The Times\", Helen Rumbelow suggested viewers, \"Draw the curtains, pour a whisky and enjoy one of the most realistic child performances of the decade, the buchest grandma on screen, and the best Hebridean landscape in the world. It's as close as you can get to not watching TV without having to give up TV.\" Katie Morag won two British Academy Children's Awards for 2014: Best Drama, and Best Performance, Cherry Campbell (Katie Morag). It was also nominated for Best Writer, Sergio Casci (Lead writer). The series repeated it's 2014 success at the British Academy Children's Awards scooping the award for Best Drama once again in 2015. Katie Morag won Best Children's Programme at BAFTA Scotland British Academy Scotland Awards in 2014. The series won Best Children's Programme or Series at the 2014 Freesat Free TV Awards. The judges said, \"Beautifully and authentically shot, it was a key move by its host channel into scripted drama, delivering self contained stories that felt sweet and, more importantly, real to their young audience.\" It also won the Royal Television Society Scotland Children's Award at the inaugural RTS Scotland awards ceremony in 2014. The judges said, “This programme is innovative and daring in its adaptation of an iconic property. At the heart of it is an exceptional performance from the lead character.” The series won Best New Kids Series at the 2015 Kidscreen Awards in Miami. In April 2016 it was announced that Katie Morag had been awarded a prestigious Peabody Award. The American-based Peabody Awards were established in the 1940s as a radio equivalent to the Pulitzer Prize, and have since grown steadily to recognise excellence in a wide range of electronic media. Only around 25 awards are presented each year from over 1,000 global entries, and to win a Peabody, a programme must receive the unanimous approval of all sixteen Peabody Board members. Announcing winners on the award website, members said of the Katie Morag TV series: “Mairi Hedderwick's popular books about a feisty, wee, red-headed girl (the splendid Cherry Campbell) and the Scottish island community she's growing up in are exquisitely realised in this series. Timeless, perhaps old fashioned, but never precious or blindly idyllic, Katie Morag deals honestly and gracefully with death, loss, rivalry and other serious themes.” The DVDs of series one were released over the autumn of 2014. DVD boxsets of series one and series two were subsequently released in 2015. Katie Morag (TV series) Katie Morag is the television adaptation of the series of books by Mairi Hedderwick. The programmes follow the adventures of Katie Morag whose life on the fictional Scottish island"
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"St. Paschal Baylon Parish (Highland Heights, Ohio) St. Paschal Baylon Parish is a Roman Catholic community founded in the ideals of the Blessed Sacrament. In the early 1950s Father John O'Brien and Brother Edward Mullen established the parish in Highland Heights, Ohio. The parish quickly grew as it drew members from HIghland Heights and the surrounding suburbs such as Euclid, South Euclid, Lyndhurst, Willoughby Hills, Mayfield Village, and Mayfield Heights. As was custom of the time, parishes could only be named after canonized saints. The founder of the Order of the Blessed Sacrament, Peter Julian Eymard, at the time had not yet been canonized a saint, a status he holds today. Consequently, a student studying for the priesthood at the time suggested the parish be named after a Franciscan brother, St Paschal Baylon. The name was approved and the student, Father Donald Jette, later became the parish's third pastor. Paschal Baylon was born on May 24, 1540 in modern-day Spain. Early in his life, Paschal would spend his days praying in the local Church. His parents were shepherds and needed his help in the fields, but were still supportive of Paschal's passion for the Blessed Sacrament. At the young age of 18, Paschal left home for Valencia, and became a Franciscan brother. Paschal Baylon was beatified by Pope Paul V and canonized a saint by Pope Alexander VIII, in 1690. He is the patron saint of chefs, cooks, and kitchens. St Paschal's Feast Day is on May 17, a weekend the parish hosts a Spring Fling Festival to honor him. In 1954, a church, school, and rectory was constructed on the 20-acre property the parish stands on today. The Congregation of Notre Dame Sisters (CND) were invited to help run the new school, which opened in 1955 with 321 students. The first principal at St. Paschal Baylon was Mother Saint Edward. In 1963, the SSS Seminary then moved from its original location on Euclid Avenue, to the property next to the rectory where it stands today. The Seminary existed in this building for five years, when due to surging numbers, the students and faculty of the SSS moved to John Carroll University. The empty rooms and extra space then became utilized for parish offices and other uses by parishioners. As the city transitioned from a rural community to a suburb, the population grew significantly. In order to accommodate the growing population and students in the school, the parish built a convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame (SND) that administered the school. The original church built on the property held a capacity of 600 occupants. To once again accommodate the growing population, Father O'Brien along with Architect Richard Fleischman a new church to be recognized as a lamp atop a hill in order to fulfill the scripture passage found in the Book of Matthew (5:14-15). The new church was complete on April 8, 1971. Parish life continued to grow, and the parish offices in the former SSS building could not accommodate the numbers. As a result, Father Mario Marzocchi, SSS, the sixth pastor of the parish, began a campaign to create a Parish Life Center. It was not until many years of fundraising that the seventh pastor, Father Michael Arkins, SSS, inaugurated the building drive. The Parish Life Center was completed in 2001. An additional gymnasium was also constructed at this time and was dedicated to Father Donald Jette, SSS, for his service to the parish. In 1999, Deacon Joe Bourgeious, SSS, developed what became the Helping Hands Ministry. The Helping Hands provides services to those needing food, clothing, care and other services. In 2009, St. Paschal Baylon School was awarded the \"Blue Ribbon School of Excellence,\" by the United States Department of Education. The parish is currently presided over the direction of its eighth pastor and former student at St. Paschal Baylon School, Fr. John Thomas Lane, SSS. St. Paschal Baylon Parish (Highland Heights, Ohio) St. Paschal Baylon Parish is a Roman Catholic community founded in the ideals of the Blessed Sacrament. In the early 1950s Father John O'Brien and Brother Edward Mullen established the parish in Highland Heights, Ohio. The parish quickly grew as it drew members from"
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"Coal was discovered in the Talcher Coalfields at Gopalprasad in 1837. Handidhua Colliery was opened by M/s Villiers in 1921. NCDC opened several mines–at South Balanda in 1960, Nandira in 1962 and Jagannath in 1972. Production rose from 0.91 million tonnes in 1972-73 to 33.10 million tonnes in 2001-02. Talcher Coalfield is subdivided into five production/administrative areas:Talcher, Jagannath, Kalinga, Lingaraj and Hingula. \n According to Geological Survey of India, the Talcher Coalfield has reserves of 38.65 billion tonnes, the highest in India. \n Talcher Coalfield is located in Angul district in the Indian state of Odisha, in the valley of the Brahmani. \n Talcher Coalfield covers an area of 500 km (190 sq mi). The coal is of lower grade containing only about 35 per cent of fixed carbon, 70 per cent volatile matter and 25 per cent ash content. As of 2011, nearly one hundred thousand tonnes of coal is dispatched daily to power stations in Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and other parts of India. \n Talcher Coalfield Location \n--- \nTalcher Coalfield Location in Odisha Talcher Coalfield Talcher Coalfield (India) Show map of Odisha Show map of India Show all \nState | Odisha \nCountry | India \nCoordinates | 20 ° 58 ′ N 85 ° 08 ′ E / 20.967 ° N 85.133 ° E /20.967; 85.133 Coordinates:20 ° 58 ′ N 85 ° 08 ′ E / 20.967 ° N 85.133 ° E /20.967; 85.133 \nOwner \nCompany | Mahanadi Coalfields Limited \nWebsite | http://www.mcl.gov.in \nYear of acquisition | \n Talcher Coalfield was linked by a rail line taking off from Nergundi on the east coast in 1922."
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"Samuktala Road Junction railway station Samuktala Road Junction is a railway junction station in Alipurduar district in the Indian state of West Bengal. With the partition of India in 1947, railway links of Assam and the Indian part of North Bengal, earlier passing through the eastern part of Bengal, were completely cut off from the rest of India. The Assam Rail Link project was taken up on 26 January 1948 and the first train ran on the route on 26 January 1950. The project basically was a 142 miles long metre gauge line linking Fakiragram with Kishanganj. The route was converted to broad gauge in 2003-2006. The broad gauge line from New Jalpaiguri to Samuktala Road was added in the 1960s. Samuktala Road Junction railway station Samuktala Road Junction is a railway junction station in Alipurduar district in the Indian state of West Bengal. With the partition of India in 1947, railway links of Assam and the Indian part of North Bengal, earlier passing through the eastern part of Bengal, were completely cut off from the rest of India. The Assam Rail Link project was taken up on 26 January 1948 and the first train ran on the route on"
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"retrieved": [
"Tsubasacon Tsubasacon is a three-day anime convention held on a weekend during the fall. Tsubasacon is also the first anime convention to be held in West Virginia. The convention's name is a blend of the words \"tsubasa\" (Japanese for \"wings\") and \"convention\". Like most anime conventions, Tsubasacon provides a wide variety of programming for its patrons: Tsubasacon allows patrons to \"preregister\" for the convention online prior to the start dates. Although attendees are still able to purchase their badges (the equivalent of a daily admission ticket) at the door, a preregistration is less costly than the door prices and preregistration badges typically showplace alternate, \"premium\" art. Tsubasacon started as the brainchild of Charleston, West Virginia resident Jeffrey Mace who was originally interested in beginning a statewide anime club. The decision to abandon a state anime club in favor of an actual anime convention was made after considering that the logistics and participation of periodic club meetings would be less successful as opposed to one large annual gathering. The Charleston Anime and Manga Society, Inc. was established soon afterward in order to take care of the business aspects of the convention. On February 16, 2004, The Charleston Anime and Manga Society, Inc. made the announcement that Tsubasacon, West Virginia's first ever anime convention, would be taking place later that year in Charleston. During the 2005 convention the following year, the attendance dropped from 407 to 227. The drop was attributed to many factors by both staff and convention attendees alike. The most cited reason was that Tsubasacon was held on Thanksgiving weekend, which conflicted with the schedules of many prospective attendees. Other reasons included the admitted lack of promotion by the convention's organizers and a breakdown in the convention's website, preventing the organizers from providing timely information to the public. After the 2005 convention, control of Tsubasacon was transferred from the Charleston Anime and Manga Society, Inc. to Tsubasacon, Inc. Because of conflicts with the Charleston Civic Center that resulted from the 2005 convention, Tsubasacon was moved to the Riverfront Ballroom and Conference Center at the Big Sandy Superstore Arena in Huntington, West Virginia. The convention was also moved ahead to October 13–15. 2007 saw the first charity drive by the convention, as attendees were encouraged to bring nonperishable food for the Huntington Area Food Bank. Over 170 food items were donated and $51 was raised by the charity event. In the following year, Tsubasacon began offering cash prices for its cosplay contests. 2015 saw Tsubasacon expand to take over the whole Big Sandy Superstore Arena. 2018 saw the last year of Tsubasacon being at the Big Sandy Superstore Arena with the announcement of the 2019 Tsubasacon being moved back to the Charleston Civic Center in Charleston, West Virginia. Although a contest was held in 2004, Tsubasacon never adopted an official mascot until 2006. For the 2005 convention, images of three angel-like characters, collectively known as the Angel-chans, by Raven's Dojo were used to illustrate the Tsubasacon Website. The angels — named Fun Angel, Sexy Angel and Cute Angel — were also used to illustrate the cover of the program guide during Tsubasacon 2005. After the convention, a movement on the Tsubasacon Forums was created to officially adopt the Angel-chans as the convention's mascots. However, during the 2006 convention's planning stages, the Tsubasacon, Inc. Board of Directors (as well as popular vote on the Tsubasacon forums) decided to adopt a new mascot design. The unnamed 2006 mascot was designed by Tiffany White and was used on flyers, badges, programs, and T-shirts. A new character design, created by Ricki Thompson, was utilized on badges and programs for the 2008 convention. During the closing ceremonies, the winners of Tsubasacon's mascot naming and background story contest were announced, dubbing the character Mitsuki. Tsubasacon Tsubasacon is a three-day anime convention held on a weekend during the fall. Tsubasacon is also the first anime convention to be held in West Virginia. The convention's name is a blend of the words \"tsubasa\" (Japanese for \"wings\") and \"convention\". Like most anime conventions, Tsubasacon provides a wide variety of programming for its patrons: Tsubasacon allows patrons to \"preregister\" for the convention online prior to the start dates. Although attendees"
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"Spähkreuzer 1938 Spähkreuzer was the type name of a planned class of large destroyers or reconnaissance cruisers for Nazi Germany's \"Kriegsmarine\". There were 3 main designs proposed for this ship class, the 1938 design, the 1939 design and the 1940 design. The 1940 design was slightly larger and heavier however it was planned to install a slightly more powerful power plant to keep or exceed the 1938 design performance. Both main designs, along with a few design variations, planned the main artillery layout of 6-5.9 inch guns in 3 double turrets: one positioned on the bow and the remaining 2 on the stern. This was to allow a more offensive retreat, as these vessels were designed to scout ahead of the Plan Z battle groups. A design designated as 1939 introduced the plan to carry a sea plane in the mid ship area and no torpedoes to facilitate this. The catapult was suggested to be mounted between the 2 funnels of the design, however there never seemed to be line drawings, or blueprints that actually reflect this fact. The first 3 ships were ordered in February 1941, these were designated SP1, SP2, and SP3, and formally named Z40, Z41, and Z42. The order was placed for the Germania Shipyard in Kiel to build these vessels. In December 1941, 3 engines for SP4, SP5 and SP6 were ordered but not the ships. SP1 was the only ship for which the keel was laid down and actual construction started. During an air raid in April 1942 the ship plans were destroyed and construction was halted. The metal was scrapped and used to build submarines and regular destroyers that were already further along in their build programs. Spähkreuzer 1938 Spähkreuzer was the type name of a planned class of large destroyers or reconnaissance"
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"Cannabis Law Reform Cannabis Law Reform (CLEAR), formerly the Legalise Cannabis Alliance, is a UK lobby group which campaigns to end the prohibition of cannabis, most urgently for those who need it as medicine. History prior to 2015: The Legalise Cannabis Alliance (LCA) campaigned for the legalisation of cannabis for all purposes, including medicinal use, as biomass, hemp-based products, and recreational drug use. They fielded candidates in elections to the House of Commons and to local government The party had origins in a pressure group formed in Norwich. It was registered as a political party in March 1999 after Howard Marks had stood as a legalise cannabis candidate in four different constituencies in the 1997 general election: Norwich North, Norwich South, Southampton Test and Neath The party used a \"Cannabis\" leaf image as its emblem and \"Cannabis : legalise and utilise\" served as its election manifesto. The first official LCA candidate in a parliamentary election was former mayor of Carlisle Colin Paisley in the November 1999 by election in the Kensington and Chelsea constituency. He took 141 (0.7%) of the votes. The second was Derrick Large in the May 2000 Romsey byelection, who took 417 (1.1%) of the votes. Alun Buffry was the party's nominating officer. In local elections in 2000, the party stood five candidates in Norwich and one in Peterborough, and the party stood frequently in local elections. In the 2001 general election the party had candidates in 13 constituencies, and their best result was in Workington, where John Peacock took 1040 (2.5%) of the votes. In January 2004, cannabis prohibition in the UK was relaxed. Cannabis had been a \"class B\" substance under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, but became a Class C substance, and some saw this change as approaching decriminalisation. In the 2005 general election the LCA stood 18 candidates in 21 constituencies. This was eight more than in the 2001 general election, but included only six that had been contested in that previous election. In all these six constituencies the LCA suffered a fall in its share of the vote, and the average share across 21 constituencies was well down from that across the previous 13. Their best results were in Orkney and Shetland, Worthing East and Shoreham and Leigh. In Orkney and Shetland, Paul Cruickshank took 1.8% of the votes. Thomas Hampson in Leigh and Chris Baldwin in Worthing East and Shoreham both took 1.5% of the votes. In the 2005 general election the LCA stood in seven Welsh constituencies, fielding enough candidates to qualify for a party political broadcast which aired on Welsh television and was also viewable in other areas of the country due to cable television and Freeview. As well as calling for the legalisation of cannabis, the manifesto in Wales included campaigning against GM food, for lower fuel tax for haulage and transport firms, and support for recycling and renewable energy. The party met with then Home Secretary and Norwich South MP Charles Clarke in March 2006 to put their case for the legalisation of cannabis. The LCA voted to de-register as political party at a conference in Norwich on 11 November 2006, and continue as a pressure group. In 2011, however, a majority of the members voted to re-register as a party, and later 31 members voted and a majority of 19 elected Peter Reynolds as the leader, with Stuart Warwick as deputy leader and Janice Wells as treasurer. Members also voted to rename the group as the Cannabis Law Reform party, and it is now known also as CLEAR. The highest percentage of the vote achieved by an LCA candidate was 2.5% by John Peacock in the 2001 general election, who obtained 1440 votes in the Workington constituency. The lowest achieved was 0.4% and 137 votes by Peter Reynolds in the 2012 by-election for Corby, standing under the CLEAR - Cannabis Law Reform party name. In 2003, a representative from the party appeared on an episode of \"Top Gear\". The representative raced representatives from five other political parties in an MG ZR. The representative came in second place. The members of the \"Legalise Cannabis Alliance\" voted to re-register to contest elections in February 2011 and to elect a leader. Peter Reynolds was elected leader. Proposals for a new identity and constitution were put to a referendum of the membership and passed by a two-thirds majority. The party re-registered with the Electoral Commission under its new name of CLEAR Cannabis Law Reform. The party commissioned a report by the Independent Drug Monitoring Unit, published on 14 September 2011, stating that a taxed and regulated cannabis market would save the exchequer £6.7 billion. Peter Reynolds stood as CLEAR candidate in the Corby by-election, 2012, taking 137 votes (0.38%). The party was statutorily de-registered by the Electoral Commission in November 2013. As of 2014, the party states on their website: \"We are not presently registered with the Electoral Commission as we are not currently intending to contest any elections.\" Cannabis Law Reform Cannabis Law Reform (CLEAR), formerly the Legalise Cannabis Alliance, is a UK lobby group which campaigns to end the prohibition of cannabis, most urgently for those who need it as medicine. History prior to 2015: The Legalise Cannabis Alliance (LCA) campaigned for the legalisation of cannabis for all purposes, including medicinal use, as biomass, hemp-based products, and recreational drug use. They fielded candidates in elections to the"
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"Charlie Gardiner (ice hockey) Charles Robert \"Chuck\" Gardiner (December 31, 1904 – June 13, 1934) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Chicago Black Hawks in the National Hockey League. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Gardiner moved with his family to Canada as a child. Playing all of his junior hockey in or around Winnipeg, Manitoba, Gardiner joined the Black Hawks in 1927. He played seven seasons with Chicago, winning two Vezina Trophies for allowing the fewest goals, was named to the First All-Star team three times and Second All-Star team once in recognition as one of the best goalies in the league. In 1934, Gardiner became the only NHL goaltender to captain his team to a Stanley Cup win. A few months after winning the Cup, Gardiner died from a brain hemorrhage brought on by a tonsillar infection. When the Hockey Hall of Fame was established in 1945, Gardiner was named one of the inaugural inductees. Gardiner was born in Edinburgh, Scotland to John and Janet Gardiner. The fourth of five children, there was also Gardiner's two older brothers, John and Alexander, an older sister, Edith, and a younger sister, Christina. The family emigrated to Winnipeg, Manitoba in 1911, when Gardiner was seven. Initially they lived in a house on William Avenue before moving to Alexander Street; both streets were south of the railways, and were full of Scottish-Irish working-class families. John took a job as a rail car repairer, and Gardiner took an early interest in the trains, often waiting up late at night to watch them arrive into the city. He was enrolled at the Albert School, and befriended Wilf Cude, who had immigrated from Wales who would later play in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a goaltender. When the First World War began in 1914, both of Gardiner's brothers enlisted and were sent overseas. Gardiner's father John also enlisted, but he died May 30, 1916 before he was sent overseas. Both his brothers returned home after the war ended; while Alex was unharmed, John had been involved in a poison gas attack, and was seriously ill. To help provide for the family Gardiner began working for the J.H. Ashdown Hardware Company at the age of twelve. In December 1928 John began to develop an illness as a result of his poison gas attack in the war, and died December 13. Edith had planned to get married on December 31, but wanted to delay the marriage because of John's death, though her family convinced her to continue with the original plan. Gardiner married Myrtle Brooks August 6, 1927 at Grace United Church in Winnipeg. Their first son, Robert Roy, was born May 20, 1929. They also had a girl on May 7, 1931, but she died the same day. Robert R. Gardiner now lives in Ottawa with his wife, Marnie Edwards. Through Robert, Charlie has three grandchildren and five great-grandchildren; Jessica (one son, Marlowe Heslin), Fred (two daughters, Jade and Sarah Gardiner) and Robert (two daughters, Jordan and Casidhe Gardiner). While working at the hardware store, Gardiner first played organised sports as a member of the store's baseball team. Gardiner quickly started playing ice hockey, with the same passion as the children who were born in Canada. As he didn't learn to skate until he was eight-years-old, he couldn't skate very fast and was forced to play as the goaltender. He had tried to play as a forward and defenceman, but was too slow for either position. Playing on Winnipeg's frozen ponds, Gardiner employed an acrobatic style, instead of the nearly-universal stand-up style played in that era, to avoid having his hands and feet frostbitten. He joined the Victorias, a team in the Winnipeg City League, at the age of 13. He recorded a shutout in his first game, but the team was shut out in their following game, so Gardiner was cut. By the age of 14, Gardiner made the intermediate team of the Selkirk Fishermen. Aside from hockey, Gardiner excelled in Canadian football, and had joined the Winnipeg Tammany Tigers junior club in 1920. As a defender, Gardiner quickly gained attention for his skill, and helped the Tigers reach the Western Canadian junior rugby championship in Regina, Saskatchewan, though they lost the championship game. The following year he changed positions and played as a right outer wing; the Tigers went through the season undefeated and again played in the Western Canadian championship game; held in Regina like the previous year, the team again lost. While with the Tammany Tigers Gardiner played in the 13th Grey Cup, the Canadian football championship, losing against the Ottawa Senators 24–1. Outside of hockey, Gardiner enjoyed several different hobbies. During one off-season from the Black Hawks, Gardiner began taking flying lessons from his former teammate Konrad Johannesson. He quickly learned how to fly solo and would buy shares in the Winnipeg Flying Club, which Johannesson had founded. He also enjoyed shooting rifles; in the summer of 1931 he was recognised for this when he was elected Field Secretary of the Winnipeg Gun Club. The following summer Gardiner earned a certificate in business administration and sales from the International Correspondence Schools. He then became a partner in a sporting goods business and travelled across Western Canada in the summer to sell products to sports teams. Gardiner attended church services at Grace United Church in Winnipeg, which had hosted his wedding. He was also a Freemason, and joined the St. John's Lodge in Winnipeg on April 21, 1926. During the summer of 1933, he was selected as a Shriner at the Lodge; at the age of 29 he was the youngest Shriner in the city. Gardiner played junior ice hockey with the Winnipeg Tigers of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League (MJHL) for three seasons, from 1921 to 1924. He joined the Selkirk Fishermen senior team for the 1924–25 season. The Fishermen played in the highest amateur league in Manitoba and were finalists for the championship the year before. Gardiner appeared in 18 games for Selkirk, posting two shutouts and a 1.83 goals against average. They again reached the finals but lost to the Port Arthur Bearcats. The loss made Gardiner feel dejected and ashamed, though people assured him he had played well and had several offers for different teams. He decided to join the professional Winnipeg Maroons of the Central Hockey League (CHL). As he would be a professional, Gardiner was forced to give up his baseball career, which he was reluctant to do; he finished with a career batting average of .300. Playing two seasons in Winnipeg, Gardiner appeared in 74 games, posting 12 shutouts, and 2.14 and 2.16 goals-against average in the two seasons, respectively. Gardiner joined the Chicago Black Hawks in the 1927–28 season. In his first season with the Black Hawks, Gardiner played in 40 out of 44 of Chicago's games. Posting a 2.83 goals average, Gardiner won or tied only eight games, with three of those games being shutouts. The following season, Gardiner appeared in all of 44 of Chicago's games. Known as the NHL's \"goalless wonders\", Chicago scored only 33 goals the entire season, finishing with a 7–29–8 record. Gardiner posted five shutouts and a 1.85 goals against average that season. During a game against the New York Rangers on February 3, 1929 WJ Holmes, manager of the Maroons came to Chicago to watch Gardiner play. The Rangers won the game 3–2 though Gardiner played well. Even so, Frederic McLaughlin, owner of the Hawks, offered to sell him back to Winnipeg for $3500. Only after Barney Stanley and Hugh Lehman talked to McLaughlin did he back down on the deal. After being booed by the Chicago fans, Gardiner nearly retired, before being talked out of it by Duke Keats. After the NHL changed its rules to allow forward passing in the offensive zone in the 1929–30 season, goal scoring increased league-wide. While Chicago increased its goals scored to 117, Gardiner's goals against average rose by only 0.57, to 2.42. Gardiner's total number of",
"against average that season. During a game against the New York Rangers on February 3, 1929 WJ Holmes, manager of the Maroons came to Chicago to watch Gardiner play. The Rangers won the game 3–2 though Gardiner played well. Even so, Frederic McLaughlin, owner of the Hawks, offered to sell him back to Winnipeg for $3500. Only after Barney Stanley and Hugh Lehman talked to McLaughlin did he back down on the deal. After being booed by the Chicago fans, Gardiner nearly retired, before being talked out of it by Duke Keats. After the NHL changed its rules to allow forward passing in the offensive zone in the 1929–30 season, goal scoring increased league-wide. While Chicago increased its goals scored to 117, Gardiner's goals against average rose by only 0.57, to 2.42. Gardiner's total number of shutouts fell by two, from five to three. Chicago improved its regular season record to 21–18–15, placing second in the American Division, and making the playoffs. In the playoffs, the Black Hawks lost to the Montreal Canadiens 3–2 in a two-game, total-goal series, losing and tying one game. In the 1930–31 season, Chicago placed, once more, second in the American Division, with a 24–17–3 record. Gardiner recorded one of his best statistical years, recording 12 shutouts to go with a 1.73 goals against average. Late in December 1930 the New York Americans offered $10,000 to the Hawks in exchange for Gardiner, double his salary; McLaughlin refused the offer. He was also named, for the first time, to the First All-Star team. In the playoffs, Chicago advanced to the Stanley Cup final, losing once more to the Montreal Canadiens, three games to two. Posting a 5–3–2 record in the playoffs, Gardiner had another two shutouts and a 1.32 goals against average. In the 1931–32 season, Chicago posted an 18–19–11 regular season record. Gardiner posted four shutouts and a 1.85 goals against average. Gardiner was named to the First All-Star Team, and won the Vezina Trophy for his first time. Placing second in the American Division for the third season in a row, the Black Hawks lost a two-game, total-goal series 6–2 to the Toronto Maple Leafs. Gardiner posted a 1–1 playoff record, with one shutout and a 3.00 goals against average. In the 1932–33 season, Chicago missed the playoffs, with a 16-20-12 record, placing fourth in the American Division. Gardiner recorded five shutouts, with a 2.01 goals against average. He was named, for his only time, to the Second All-Star team. Before the beginning of the 1933–34 season, Gardiner's teammates unanimously elected him captain. During the regular season, Chicago posted a 20–17–11 record. Gardiner had 10 shutouts, and a 1.63 goals against average. He was named for the third time to the First All-Star team, and won the Vezina Trophy for the second time. On February 14, 1934, he was a participant of the Ace Bailey Benefit Game, playing goaltender for the All-Stars, who played against the Toronto Maple Leafs. In the playoffs, Gardiner had a 6–1–1 record, with two shutouts and a 1.33 goals against average, as Chicago won its first Stanley Cup in franchise history. During the Stanley Cup parade, Chicago defenseman Roger Jenkins carted Gardiner in a wheelbarrow around Chicago's business district after a pre-playoff bet. During the 1932–33 season Gardiner began to develop a tonsil infection that drained his strength. While he initially kept the infection private, Gardiner made his condition public on December 23, 1932. Even though he was ill, Gardiner played the next night in Toronto. Though his fifty-five saves were the deciding factor in the Black Hawks win and his performance was so good that both league President Frank Calder and Maple Leafs star forward Charlie Conacher praised him, he was so sick he would collapse on the dressing room floor in between periods with a fever of over 100 degrees Fahrenheit; after the game Gardiner was rushed to a local hospital. This was the first notable symptom of Gardiner's health issues. In January 1934 the Black Hawks were on a train back to Chicago when Gardiner felt an intense pain in his throat that spread to the rest of his body, notably his kidneys. When questioned by Tommy Gorman about his issue, Gardiner lied to Gorman and insisted it was only a minor headache. However, when Gardiner woke up on the train in the morning, he had trouble seeing, as black spots obscured his vision. This was Gardiner's first uremic convulsion. Gardiner's health continued to be an issue throughout the 1934 NHL playoffs. On March 29, 1934 in a playoff game against the Montreal Maroons Gardiner had a shutout as the Black Hawks won 3–0; though he was named first star as the best player of the game, Gardiner was in extreme pain during the entire game with a fever of 102 Fahrenheit and was attended to by a doctor in the dressing room during intermissions. Playing with a tonsillar infection for most of the season, Gardiner was often slumped over his crossbar during breaks in games, nearly blacking out. After leaving for a singing lesson in June 1934, Gardiner, a baritone, collapsed. He went into a coma, from which he never woke. Gardiner died at age 29, on Wednesday, June 13, 1934, from a brain hemorrhage brought on by the infection. Gardiner was the first goaltender who caught with his right hand to win the Vezina Trophy. He is the only NHL goaltender to captain his team to a Stanley Cup victory. In 1945, Gardiner became a charter member of the Hockey Hall of Fame. In 1998, he was ranked number 76 on \"The Hockey News\"' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players. Gardiner is an Honored Member of Canada's Sports Hall of Fame, Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame and Museum, and the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame. Overall, he played 316 NHL games, winning 122, with a goals against average of 2.02 goals, and 42 shutouts. In the playoffs, Gardiner appeared in 21 games, with a 1.43 goals against average and five shutouts. When the Elite Ice Hockey League introduced a conference system in the 2012–13 season, one of its two conferences was named in honour of Gardiner. Charlie Gardiner (ice hockey) Charles Robert \"Chuck\" Gardiner (December 31, 1904 – June 13, 1934) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Chicago Black Hawks in the National Hockey League. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Gardiner moved with his family to Canada as a child. Playing all of his junior hockey in or around Winnipeg, Manitoba, Gardiner joined the"
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"Break It to Me Gently (Aretha Franklin song) \"Break It to Me Gently\" is a song written by Carole Bayer Sager and Marvin Hamlisch which was an R&B hit for Aretha Franklin in 1977. Released from the \"Sweet Passion\" album, it reached Number 1 on the Hot Soul Singles chart in June 1977. The song's success was only faintly reflected on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 with a Number 85 peak, before dropping out of the Hot 100 after two weeks. \"Break It to Me Gently\" would be Franklin's final Atlantic single to appear on the Hot 100 - from which she would be absent until 1980. Break It to Me Gently (Aretha Franklin song) \"Break It to Me Gently\" is a song written by Carole Bayer Sager and Marvin Hamlisch which was an R&B hit for Aretha Franklin in 1977. Released from the \"Sweet Passion\" album, it reached Number 1 on the Hot Soul Singles chart in June 1977. The song's success was only faintly reflected on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 with a Number 85 peak, before dropping out of the Hot 100 after two weeks. \"Break It to Me Gently\" would be Franklin's final Atlantic single to appear on"
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"retrieved": [
"Fold Zandura Fold Zandura is an alternative rock band from California. They released four albums between 1995 and 1999 plus one white 7\" vinyl. Each album was released under a different label. The two premier members also founded the industrial band Mortal. Their songs are \"love songs and praise songs\" according to Jyro. Though they are presently involved in other projects, Fold Zandura's website maintains that \"the band's not officially dead\". Fold Zandura was formed in December 1995 after the breakup of Jyro and Jerome's previous band Mortal. They hired drummer Frank Lenz and self-released their eponymous debut. In 1997 they released two albums, the first aptly titled \"Return\" which featured 5 re-recorded songs from their debut and two new songs and an instrumental. They made a video for \"\"Ember\"\" filmed in a hospital. Later that year they released their major label debut \"Ultraforever\" on BEC Recordings. This time their new album contained 14 new songs and 2 songs from \"Fold Zandura\". They made a music video for \"\"Deep Surround\"\" and also recorded two non-album tracks for two BEC compilations. \"Moms Like Us Too Vol. 1\" featured \"\"Serena\",\" and \"Happy Christmas\" featured \"\"Asia Minor\"\". Sometime after Frank Lenz left the band in order to be closer to his family although he would continue to play at concerts close to home. In 1999 they independently released, a seven song EP called \"King Planet\". The band members were listed simply as Jyro and Jerome although Jyro's wife Carla does vocals on one track. The album was available exclusively through their website and a few Christian music stores. In 2000 Jerome Fontamillas joined Switchfoot as a session musician and later joined them full-time. The following year, \"King Planet\" was featured on the soundtrack to the film \"Extreme Days\". In early 2002 Jyro released Juggernautz, a side project without Jerome on Metro One Music. Jyro Xhan is currently the leader of the band LCNA (Lucena) and goes by the name JFM. He also works with Crystal Lewis and various other bands as producer, engineer, guitar and keyboard player. Fold Zandura Fold Zandura is an alternative rock band from California. They released four albums between 1995 and 1999 plus one white 7\" vinyl. Each album was released under a different label. The two premier members also founded the industrial band Mortal. Their songs are \"love songs and praise songs\" according to Jyro. Though they are"
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"Mie (pose) The mie ( or , pronounced 'mee-eh'), a powerful and emotional pose struck by an actor, who then freezes for a moment, is a distinctive element of \"aragoto\" Kabuki performance. \"Mie\" means 'appearance' or 'visible' in Japanese, and one of the primary purposes of this convention is to draw attention to a particularly important or powerful portion of the performance. It is meant to show a character's emotions at their peak, and can often be a very powerful pose. The actor's eyes are opened as wide as possible; if the character is meant to seem agitated or angry, the actor will cross his eyes. In Japanese, the \"mie\" pose is said to be \"cut\" by the actor (, \"mie wo kiru\"). Audience members will shout out (kakegoe) words of praise and the actor's name at specific times before and after the pose is struck. The practice of \"mie\" is said to have originated with Ichikawa Danjūrō I in the Genroku era, along with the \"aragoto\" style itself. There are a great many \"mie\", each of which has a name describing it, and many of which are associated with particular lines of actors. In the Genroku \"mie\", one of the most famous or well-known, the actor's right hand is held flat, perpendicular to the ground, while his left hand is pointed upwards, elbow bent. At the same time, the actor stamps the floor powerfully with his left foot. This \"mie\" is most strongly associated with the character Kamakura Gongorō Kagemasa, the hero of the play \"Shibaraku\", and is said to have been invented by Ichikawa Danjūrō I. Two \"mie\" cut by the priest Narukami, in \"Narukami Fudō Kitayama Zakura\", are the \"post-wrapping pose\" (, \"Hashimaki no mie\"), in which the actor wraps his arms and legs around a post, column, or long weapon such as a naginata, and the \"Fudō no mie\" (), which is meant to resemble the Buddhist figure Fudō Myoō, is a very strong pose, meant to evoke anger and power. In \"Kanjinchō\", the monk Benkei cuts the \"Fudō no mie\" while holding a scroll (the play's titular \"subscription list\" or \"kanjinchō\") in one hand and Buddhist prayer beads in the other. Another pose taken by Benkei in this play is the so-called \"rock-throwing pose\" (, \"Ishinage no mie\"), which is meant to look like its namesake. The term \"tenchi no mie\" (), or \"heaven and earth pose,\" is used when two actors, one low on the stage and one high above, on a rooftop or other set-piece, strike a pose simultaneously. Mie (pose) The mie ( or , pronounced 'mee-eh'), a powerful and emotional pose struck by an actor, who then freezes for a moment, is a distinctive element of \"aragoto\" Kabuki performance. \"Mie\" means 'appearance' or 'visible' in Japanese, and one of the primary purposes of this convention is to draw attention to a particularly important or powerful portion of the performance. It is meant to show a character's emotions at their peak, and"
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"Greg Hall (filmmaker) Greg Hall (born 30 June 1980 in London, England) is a British film director, producer, cinematographer and screenwriter. He is active with the film-making collective \"Broke But Making Films\". \"The Plague\" (2004) — made when he was a 22-year-old with a budget of just £3,500 — was Hall's feature debut, winning him the inaugural Katrin Cartlidge Foundation Award at the 10th Sarajevo Film Festival. He went on to collaborate with composer Steve Martland on follow-up feature \"Kapital\" (2007). Hall also wrote the screenplays for both of these films and was cinematographer for short film \"The Housewife\" (2005), which starred Alison Steadman. More recently he created the film \"Communion\", starring Paul Martin, about a vicar on the run who strikes up an unlikely friendship with a young punk traveler. A road journey of substance and fruitful rewards, actor Paul Martin stars in this highly acclaimed and beautifully made film. His most recent work has been as director of heist thriller \"Dangerous Mind of a Hooligan\", and he has plans to adapt Ian Bone's autobiographical book \"Bash The Rich\". Greg Hall (filmmaker) Greg Hall (born 30 June 1980 in London, England) is a British film director, producer, cinematographer and"
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"Matthew Booth (soccer) Matthew Paul Booth (born 14 March 1977) is a former South African football defender who last played for Bidvest Wits in the Premier Soccer League and internationally for the South Africa national team. Booth will be remembered as a fan favourite among South African fans when they chanted \"Booooooth\" when he touched the ball while British media outlets dubbed him as \"The White Knight\", as he was the only white player in the South African national squad. Booth was born in Fish Hoek to Paul and Anthea Booth. His father Paul was an engineer at the Cape Town city council, a semi-professional footballer and administrator for Fish Hoek AFC, while his mother Anthea was a legal secretary. Booth started playing soccer for Fish Hoek AFC in 1982 at the age of five. In 1993, he played in the Bayhill U19 tournament for Fish Hoek, where he was spotted by Cape Town Spurs coach Richard Gomes, who saw a lanky youngster flying into tackles halfheartedly and towering above the opposition's attackers and invited him to train with the club's youth. In 1994, shortly after he turned 17, he trained with the senior squad, which went on to win the league and the BobSave Super Bowl. At the time, he worked at a sports shop in Woodstock and would travel by train to Parow after work to train with the team at CR Vasco da Gama fields at the time, then travelled back to Fish Hoek after training. Booth started playing professionally in 1996, alongside experienced players like Shaun Bartlett and Craig Rosslee. Cape Town Spurs and Seven Stars were merged in 1999 to form Ajax Cape Town. He was deemed surplus to requirements at Ajax and wanted to sell him to newly formed Mother City. He fought back eventually joined Mamelodi Sundowns and stayed for three seasons. Booth was later loaned to Wimbledon FC in England, then moved to Russia to represent both Rostov and later Krylia Sovetov, playing with and against players such as Branislav Ivanović, Vágner Love and Jan Koller. Booth made his debut for South Africa on 20 February 1999, against Botswana at the Cosafa Castle Cup. He has so far been capped 37 times scoring one goal. Booth was also a member of the team that participated in the 2010 FIFA World Cup as hosts of the competition, but remained an unused substitute for all three group stage matches. Due to his height, Booth is considered one of the most important players when meeting opponents with tall players. He was also a participant at the 2000 Olympics. Since 2006, Booth has been married to Sonia Bonneventia Pule, former Miss South Africa first princess and international model whom he met in 2002. They have two sons, Nathan Katlego, and Noah Neo. Booth saved a woman from being beaten on Cape Town's nightclub strip on Long Street early on a Saturday morning. Booth had been playing for Wits in an Absa Premiership game against Ajax Cape Town, which they lost 1–0, hosted at Cape Town Stadium on the previous Friday night. After using an ATM and walking back to his friends, he saw a man assaulting the woman and rushed to her assistance. The attacker shoved Booth, who toppled onto a store’s window ledge which had spikes to prevent people sitting on the ledge. Members of the Central City Improvement District took the attacker away. Booth returned to his hotel where the team doctor attended to his injuries. Booth retired from professional football on 19 June 2014, even though he was given an option to renew his playing contract. Booth owns junior coaching clinics at multiple public schools. He has also done some television work for the South African Broadcasting Corporation as an analyst and some writing for \"The Sowetan\". Booth has also registered to do a BA degree through the University of South Africa. \"Statistics accurate as of match played 31 May 2010\" Matthew Booth (soccer) Matthew Paul Booth (born 14 March 1977) is a former South African football defender who last played for Bidvest Wits in the Premier Soccer League and internationally for the South Africa national team. Booth will be remembered as a"
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"Line officer In the United States Armed Forces, the term line officer or officer of the line refers to a U.S. Navy or U.S. Marine Corps, commissioned officer or warrant officer who exercises general command authority and is eligible for operational command positions, as opposed to officers who normally exercise command authority only within a Navy Staff Corps. The term \"line officer\" is also used by the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Coast Guard to indicate that an officer is eligible for command of operational, viz., tactical or \"combat\" units. The term is not generally used by officers of the U.S. Army – the roughly corresponding Army terms are basic branch (e.g, Infantry) and special branch, (e.g., Medical Corps) qualified officers, although the concepts are not entirely synonymous, as some Army special branch officers (i.e., Judge Advocate General's Corps) are eligible to hold command outside their branch specialty. Officers who are not line officers are those whose primary duties are generally in non-combat specialties including (depending upon the service) attorneys, chaplains, civil engineers, health services professionals, and logistics and financial management specialists. A line officer may hold authority over a non-line officer of higher rank by the nature of their assignment or appointment/succession to command, but is otherwise expected to observe normal customs and courtesies outside that role. \"See explanation of staff and line.\" The expression \"officer of the line\" is possibly rooted in the 18th- and 19th-century Royal Navy practice of employing sail-powered warships in line formations to maximize the effectiveness of side-mounted cannons. The ships were called ships of the line and their officers were termed line officers. The term also derives from \"walking the line\" and in many military circles is believed to have come from a \"line in the sand\" which two groups of officers once used in a political argument to gain power. In the United States Navy (and USN Reserve), line officers are divided into unrestricted line officers, limited duty officers, and restricted line officers. Unrestricted Line (URL) officers hold combat warfare specialties as Naval Aviators and Naval Flight Officers, Surface Warfare Officers, Submarine Warfare Officers, and Naval Special Warfare/Naval Special Operations (NSW/NSO) officers (consisting of SEALs, Special Warfare Combatant-Craft (SWCC) Warrant Officers, Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) officers, and Navy diving officers), and are eligible for operational combatant command at sea, as well as command of major installations and commands ashore. Restricted Line officers command only within their particular specialty, and are normally in fields such as intelligence, cryptology, oceanography/meteorology, engineering duty, aeronautical engineering duty, aircraft maintenance, public affairs, etc. Navy Limited Duty Officers and Warrant Officers whose technical specialties fall within a staff corps are considered staff corps officers, while all others are classed of the Line. Line officers wear an inverted gold star above their rank stripes on their dress blue uniforms and, in the case of Captains (US pay grade O-6/NATO OF-5) and below, on their shoulder boards in whites. Line officer flag officers (admirals O-7 to O-10/NATO OF-6 to OF-9) will wear solid gold shoulder boards with a silver metallic thread anchor and one, two, three, or four silver metallic thread stars below the anchor. When wearing khakis or utility/working uniforms, they wear their rank insignia on both collar points. The Navy refers to non-line officers as Staff Corps officers. (Both line and staff corps officers may be assigned as \"staff officers\" serving on the command staff of a senior officer.) Staff corps officers wear their corps insignia, rather than the line officer star, placed over their sleeve/shoulder board stripes on their dress blue and dress white uniforms, and on their left collar point on khakis and utility/working uniforms in lieu of matching pin-on rank insignia on the right collar point. In the United States Marine Corps (and USMC Reserve), all officers – including warrant officers and limited duty officers (LDOs) – are line officers, trained to command combat units, although Marine officers cannot command ships or shore organizations of the Navy. Unlike the Navy, the Marine Corps does not have any staff corps, consequently all Marine engineer and supply officers, and judge advocates, are line officers. The Marine Corps has no medical corps officers, dental corps officers, nurse corps officers, or chaplain corps officers. Because the Marine Corps is a service within the Department of the Navy, these staff corps billets in the Marine Corps are normally filled by US Navy staff corps officers in those specialties, serving alongside Marines in Marine units, although officers of the commissioned corps of the Public Health Service may be detailed, as well. In the United States Air Force (and USAF Reserve), officers assigned to the medical, nurse, medical services (healthcare administration), biosciences, judge advocate, and chaplain corps are \"professional\" officers. In addition to being professional officers, judge advocates in the Air Force are also considered line officers and, like all other officers in operational/combat and combat support specialties, belong to the Line of the Air Force (LAF). The Air Force has no warrant officers. All commissioned and warrant officers of the United States Coast Guard and United States Coast Guard Reserve are considered line officers. They wear the US Coast Guard shield in lieu of the inverted star of US Navy line officers on their shoulder boards and above the sleeve braid on dress uniforms. Like the US Marine Corps, the Coast Guard does have line officers serving as judge advocates, but has no officers serving as chaplains or in the health-care fields. Therefore, US Navy staff corps officers (from the chaplain, medical, dental, and nurse corps) may be detailed to serve at Coast Guard units, and are not Coast Guard line officers. These individuals do wear the Coast Guard uniform, albeit with some differences. Additionally, US Public Health Service commissioned officers are the primary source of health care officers in the Coast Guard, serving alongside U.S. Navy staff corps officers and Coast Guardsmen in Coast Guard units. They too will wear the Coast Guard uniform, albeit with some differences. Health services officers in the USPHS commissioned corps detailed to the Coast Guard represent many disciplines, including the biological, physical, environmental, and social sciences; medical technology; health care administration; and other public health specialties such as physician assistant. The expression \"line officer\" is no longer current in the Royal Navy and Commonwealth affiliates. Officers trained in the \"Executive Department\" of a warship are the only ones trained for command. In the Royal Canadian Navy, officers in the Naval Warfare Officer (NWO) occupation hold a similar function, but are not distinguished by any identifiable badge. Line officer In the United States Armed Forces,"
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"Landsgemeinde The Landsgemeinde () or \"cantonal assembly\" is a public, non-secret ballot voting system operating by majority rule, which constitutes one of the oldest forms of direct democracy. Still at use – in a few places – at the subnational political level in Switzerland, it was formerly practiced in eight cantons. For practical reasons, the \"Landsgemeinde\" has been abolished at the cantonal level in all but two cantons where it still holds the highest political authority: Appenzell Innerrhoden and Glarus. The \"Landsgemeinde\" is also convened in some districts of Appenzell Innerrhoden, Grisons and Schwyz to vote on local questions. The German term \"Landsgemeinde\" itself is attested from at least the 16th century, in the 1561 dictionary of Pictorius. It is a compound from \"Land\" \"land, canton; rural canton\" and \"Gemeinde\" \"community, commune\". Eligible citizens of the canton or district meet on a certain day in the open air to decide on specific issues. Voting is accomplished by those in favor of a motion raising their hands. Historically, or in Appenzell until the admission of women, the only proof of citizenship necessary for men to enter the voting area was to show their ceremonial sword or Swiss military sidearm (bayonet); this gave proof that you were a freeman allowed to bear arms and to vote. The \"Landsgemeinde\" has been the sovereign institution of the Swiss rural cantons since the later Middle Ages, while in the city-cantons such as Lucerne, Schaffhausen, or Bern, a general assembly of all citizens was never established. Similar assemblies in dependent territories were known under terms such as \"Talgemeinde\" (for \"Talschaften\", used in Ursern, Hasli, Obersimmental), \"Teding\" (Engelberg), \"Parlamento\" (Leventina), \"Zendgemeinden\" (for the \"Zenden\" or districts of Valais), but also as \"Landsgemeinde\" in Toggenburg and in parts of Grisons. At the \"Landsgemeinde\", citizens of a district or canton assemble annually in a public space under open sky to vote on a series of ballot questions. Depending on the canton, they raise their hand or voter identification card to either accept or reject the motion, which constitutes a \"non-secret ballot\". Decision is taken by majority rule, and in case of incertitude, the Landammann estimates on which side the majority falls with the help of his colleagues from the communal council. The duration of the \"Landsgemeinde\" varies significantly between the two cantons that still convene it. In Glarus, because of the high level of deliberation and possibility for citizens to propose an amendment of an existing law article or the introduction of a new one, the \"Landsgemeinde\" lasts between 2 and 4.5 hours on average. In Appenzell Innerrhoden on the other hand, deliberation is limited, thus the \"Landsgemeinden\" usually end after 1 to 2.5 hours. Symptomatic of the federalist system of Switzerland, the \"Landsgemeinde\" differs in the scope of its usage from canton to canton. The legislative power is concerned both in Appenzell Innerrhoden and Glarus, where the \"Landsgemeinde\" can be used to implement laws or modify the cantonal constitution. In Appenzell Innerrhoden, the \"Landsgemeinde\" can also cover governmental issues, while in Glarus tax laws are regulated by \"Landsgemeinde\" decision and alternative legislative counter-proposals (‘constructive referendums’) can be formulated by the citizens and voted on this occasion. In neither of the two cantons is the \"Landsgemeinde\" used to elect the parliament. The \"Landsgemeinde\" assembly is a tradition with continuity back to the later Middle Ages, first recorded in the context of the formation of the Old Swiss Confederacy. The tradition ultimately continues the Germanic \"thing\", although not uninterruptedly, as the Alamanni had lost their independence to the Frankish Empire in the 8th century, but re-emerging in territories with imperial immediacy since the 13th century. The first \"Landsgemeinde\" proper is attested for Uri in 1231; however, these early assemblies grew as it were seamlessly out of the older institution of blood courts (assemblies with the purpose of dispensing judgement on criminal offenses, see high justice). The Middle Latin texts when recording a \"Landsgemeinde\" usually express this by making \"universitas\" \"the universality\", or \"communitas hominum\" \"the community of men\" of a certain canton the subject of a sentence (see, for example, the Federal Charter of 1291), in order to emphasize that the decision was made by the community (direct democracy) rather than by a political elite. In the Old Swiss Confederacy, the existence of a \"Landsgemeinde\" was the defining feature of the rural cantons (\"Länderorte\", as opposed to the city-cantons). These Cantons were: Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden (the forest-cantons), Glarus and Appenzell and Zug. Zug took an intermediate position, as it was a city-canton which due to the existence of a \"Landsgemeinde\" was also counted under the rural cantons. With the formation of Switzerland as a federal state, the formerly sovereign cantonal assemblies became subject to federal law, and the \"Landsgemeinden\" came to be seen as anachronisms. The usage of the \"Landsgemeinde\" was progressively abandoned at the cantonal level through the 19th and 20th century. Indeed, Zug and Schwyz jettisoned it in 1848, followed by Uri in 1928. Nidwalden in 1996, Appenzell Ausserrhoden in 1997 and Obwalden in 1998 abolished their cantonal \"Landsgemeinde\" by secret ballot votes. Currently, Appenzell Innerrhoden, which rejected in 1991 by \"Landsgemeinde\" the abolition of this institution, and Glarus are the only remaining cantons to use this form of direct democracy. Beside the 1991 vote of Appenzell Innerrhoden, the usage of the \"Landsgemeinde\" has since then never been questioned in these two cantons, which suggests that citizens are attached to their institution. Moreover, turnout rates remained constant in the last 50 years both in Appenzell Innerrhoden and in Glarus. In the latter canton a participation record of 50% was even recorded in 2001. Glarus recently introduced measures to encourage participation at the \"Landsgemeinde\". In 2007, participation was extended to citizens aged 16 and older, which constitutes an exception in Switzerland. Likewise, each year on the day of the \"Landsgemeinde\", participants can use all public transports of the canton for free. In Appenzell Innerrhoden and Glarus, the modernization of the institution, for example through the potential introduction of electronic vote-counting systems is debated, but no political party is opposed to the maintenance of the \"Landsgemeinden\". Besides the cantonal assemblies, the Swiss Confederation is supporting various projects inspired by the \"Landsgemeinden\" and built on the same ideas. For instance, the 4th \"Cyber-Landsgemeinde\" was organised on April 6, 2016 in Bern, with the aim to use democratic deliberation to foster reflections and find solutions related to the topic of cyber-security. Likewise, the urban municipality of Kloten implemented in 2012 a version of the \"Landsgemeinde\" to deliberate on the allocation of funds to local projects, which enabled for example the construction of a new Kindergarten. The \"Landsgemeinde\" forms one of the pillars of the direct democratic core of the Swiss political structure. Even if its use has sharply decreased in the past century, it is still considered as a characteristic institution of the Swiss democracy and is generally considered as a participative and inclusive democratic practice. However, while participation is according to the \"cantonal constitutions\" not only encouraged but also required as part of the civic duty of the concerned individuals, it is unclear if the \"Landsgemeinde\" offers better inclusivity and fosters a higher level of participation than the more traditional secret-ballot voting methods. Paul Lucardie (2014) notes for example that: \"Evidence suggests that attendance at assemblies in Appenzell and Glarus, as well as",
"The \"Landsgemeinde\" forms one of the pillars of the direct democratic core of the Swiss political structure. Even if its use has sharply decreased in the past century, it is still considered as a characteristic institution of the Swiss democracy and is generally considered as a participative and inclusive democratic practice. However, while participation is according to the \"cantonal constitutions\" not only encouraged but also required as part of the civic duty of the concerned individuals, it is unclear if the \"Landsgemeinde\" offers better inclusivity and fosters a higher level of participation than the more traditional secret-ballot voting methods. Paul Lucardie (2014) notes for example that: \"Evidence suggests that attendance at assemblies in Appenzell and Glarus, as well as most town meetings in Vermont and possibly also in ancient Athens, has always been limited to roughly twenty per cent of the citizenry.\" Moreover, the inclusion of women was until recently one of the main concerns for the inclusivity of the \"Landsgemeinde\". Up to 1991, women were not allowed in the \"Landsgemeinde\" in the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden, which was the last canton of Switzerland to grant women the right to vote, making it an exceptionally late introduction of women's suffrage for a European country. There have been suggestions placing the \"Landsgemeinde\" system in the vicinity of \"ochlocracy\" or \"tyranny of the majority\". Blum and Köhler (2006) suggested there might only be a \"limited level of preliminary debate\" possible leading to a failure to consider minority opinions. The open ballot system ostensibly fails to assure the secrecy of the vote Switzerland has explicitly introduced an exception to article 25 of its International Pact on Civil and Political Rights in order to protect the \"Landsgemeinde\", avoiding to comply with the letter of article 21.3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights protecting the secrecy of the vote. Switzerland has never ratified the first convention protocol of the European Convention on Human Rights for a similar reason. Under such conditions, social control and other crowd manipulation processes might then prevent citizens from voting according to their own preferences and mislead rational decisions. On the other hand, according to the Greek antic tradition of parrhesia -literally \"saying everything\"- a public assembly could teach individuals to express their opinions with frankness and collective responsibility. Studies of outcomes of the \"Landsgemeinde\" in various administrative divisions (Schaub 2012, Gerber & Mueller 2014) seem to suggest that proper preliminary deliberation can help reach better decisions defined by the \"unforced force of the better argument\" (Habermas, 1992) Landsgemeinde The Landsgemeinde () or \"cantonal assembly\" is a public, non-secret ballot voting system operating by majority rule, which constitutes one of the oldest forms of direct democracy. Still at use – in a few places – at the subnational political level in Switzerland, it was formerly practiced in eight cantons. For practical reasons, the \"Landsgemeinde\" has been abolished at the cantonal level in all but two cantons where it still holds the highest political authority: Appenzell Innerrhoden and"
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"Thomas S. Hammond Thomas Stevens Hammond (October 29, 1883 – June 15, 1950) was an American business and political leader, soldier, and college football player and coach. He played football for Fielding H. Yost's renowned 1903, 1904 and 1905 \"Point-a-Minute\" football teams at the University of Michigan. In 1906, he served as the head coach of the Ole Miss Rebels football team. He worked for the Whiting Corporation in Harvey, Illinois, starting in 1907 and eventually became the company's president and chairman of the board. During World War I, Hammond served as an artillery officer in the Rainbow Division of the U.S. Army. He remained active in the Illinois National Guard after the war and rose to the rank of brigadier general. Hammond was also active in Republican Party politics and served as the chairman of the Illinois Citizens Republican Finance Committee and the Chicago America First Committee. During World War II, he was decorated for his work as chief of production of the Chicago ordnance district. Hammond was born in 1883 at Crown Point, New York. He came from a family that manufactured iron for generations at Crown Point. His grandfather was Brig. Gen. John Hammond, who served in the Union Army during the Civil War and later became a U.S. Congressman from New York. When the Hammond family's iron works began to suffer as a result of competition from Lake Superior iron ore, the family moved to Chicago. The younger Hammond attended Hyde Park High School on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois. He played football at Hyde Park as the fullback in the same backfield with College Football Hall of Fame inductee Walter Eckersall. Hyde Park was undefeated for two consecutive years (1901 and 1902) with Eckersall and Hammond in the backfield, and both were selected as All-City players by the \"Chicago Daily Tribune\" for 1902. In December 1902, Coach Fielding H. Yost of the University of Michigan attended a Hyde Park game and gave Hammond points on kicking, and \"The New York Times\" called Hammond and his brother, Harry, \"famous ground gainers.\" Hammond was captain of the 1902 Hyde Park football team and was recruited to play football by both Amos Alonzo Stagg of the University of Chicago and Yost of Michigan. In 1903, Hammond enrolled at the University of Michigan and played football on Fielding Yost's famed \"Point-a-Minute\" football teams from 1903 to 1905. During those years, the Michigan football team compiled a record of 33–1–1 and outscored its opponents by a combined three-year total of 1,627 to 20. Hammond was a versatile athlete, playing both defense and offense, and at the end, halfback, fullback and tackle positions for Yost's football teams. In his first year at Michigan, Hammond led the team in scoring with 163 points on 15 touchdowns (worth five points), 63 goals after touchdown (worth one point), and five goals from field (worth five points). His 1903 point total was more than double that of any other player, including College Football Hall of Fame inductee Willie Heston (Heston had 14 touchdowns for 70 points). With an additional 88 points scored in 1904 and 109 points in 1905, Hammond's 352 points in three years ranks him among Michigan's all-time scoring leaders. In June 1905, doubts were raised as to whether Hammond would return to play football for Michigan. Coach Yost told the press, \"Tom is a law student but is only taking law as a sort of side line to his business career. He has gotten the knowledge that he needs and is anxious to join his father in the actual work of making money. His father is ready to give him the start he wants and, in all probability he will leave the university for good when he finishes his examinations this spring.\" Hammond did return to complete his studies in 1905 and played a third season for Yost's football team. In November 1905, \"Collier's Weekly\" published an article by E.S. Jordan making allegations of improprieties in Michigan's football program, including the recruitment of football players. The recruitment of Hammond was alleged to be the most \"flagrant case of proselyting that has come\" to the attention of Western educators.\" Jordan claimed that Hammond failed to get through his studies at Hyde Park High School, but \"was nevertheless taken to Michigan and given a brief tutoring by special instructors and was soon up in the requirements for entrance.\" In an article published in the \"Chicago Daily Tribune\", Hammond defended himself: Tom Hammond feels bad about the attack on him. He says he played at Hyde Park for three years, and that Hyde Park refused to allow any man to play who was back in his work. He admits he left there in the junior year. He admits he worked up under a tutor to enter here, and says he had to pass a stiff examination to get in. He says his work in his classes now and in summer school will indicate the sincerity of his purpose. Michigan students were reported to be \"more indignant at the attack on Hammond than at anything else in Jordan's article,\" noting that \"Tom comes from one of the best families in Chicago, is a member of the D.K.E. fraternity here, and is considered one of the team's most upright men.\" The \"Michigan Alumnus\" also defended Hammond: Mr. Hammond, it is said, was enticed away from school and admitted into the University because he was an athlete. I have the word of as truthful a man as walks, who knew the circumstances of his coming here, that Mr. Hammond was not enticed away from school, and I know of my own knowledge that the fact of his being an athlete did not facilitate his admission to college. It is impossible here to substantiate with proofs the statement that I have here made about Mr. Hammond's case. Possibly my assertion is at least as valuable as that of somebody who does not know the facts. At the end of the 1905 season, Hammond was selected as a first-team All-Western player and was also selected by Walter Camp as a third-team All-American. In selecting Hammond as a first-team All-Western halfback, the \"Chicago Daily Tribune\" wrote: \"Tom Hammond has earned the place as a halfback alone, but adds to that a valuable quantity in his ability to kick from placement and to boot out extra points after a touchdown. He is needed to turn touchdowns into goals as well as to gain ground in his irresistible tackle smashes.\" Yost later called Hammond \"one of the best offensive and defensive fullbacks I have ever seen.\" According to Yost, Hammond \"never took time out and never was hurt.\" Hammond always played without protective padding saying, \"I want them to feel my bones.\" Michigan's trainer Keene Fitzpatrick required Hammond to wear pads in practice, but Hammond discarded them \"when it came to actual combat.\" Yost later recalled Hammond's performance in the 1903 Ohio State game: \"I'll never forget Tom in the 1903 Ohio State Game. They were leading, 6 to 5, at the half, and Tom couldn't rest. He ripped them to pieces the second half and led Michigan to a 31 to 6 victory.\" \"The Washington Post\" called Hammond \"one of the best all around players who ever wore a Michigan uniform.\" In May 1906, Hammond was hired as the head coach of the Ole Miss Rebels football team. He began practice with the team on September 15, 1906, and Atlanta's \"The Constitution\" reported at the time that \"the squad of candidates\" that turned out for Hammond's team was \"decidedly small,\" and \"the new material in sight right now is nothing to be proud of.\" Accordingly, the Atlanta paper noted that \"those who have entertained enthusiastic hopes for a successful eleven this season are somewhat disappointed to date.\" Hammond spent the first two weeks with the team \"drilling them daily in the elementary part of the game and impressing on them the importance of the new rules,\" which included legalization of the forward pass. Hammond led the Ole Miss team to a 4–2 record in 1906, including wins over LSU (9–0), Tulane (17–0) and Mississippi State (29–5). One of the team's two losses came against",
"with the team on September 15, 1906, and Atlanta's \"The Constitution\" reported at the time that \"the squad of candidates\" that turned out for Hammond's team was \"decidedly small,\" and \"the new material in sight right now is nothing to be proud of.\" Accordingly, the Atlanta paper noted that \"those who have entertained enthusiastic hopes for a successful eleven this season are somewhat disappointed to date.\" Hammond spent the first two weeks with the team \"drilling them daily in the elementary part of the game and impressing on them the importance of the new rules,\" which included legalization of the forward pass. Hammond led the Ole Miss team to a 4–2 record in 1906, including wins over LSU (9–0), Tulane (17–0) and Mississippi State (29–5). One of the team's two losses came against Vanderbilt, coached by Hammond's former University of Michigan teammate, Dan McGugin. In 1907, Hammond married Barbara Whiting and became purchasing agent for the Whiting Foundry Equipment Company, known after 1920 as Whiting Corporation. Hammond spent his career with the Whiting Corporation, in time becoming its general manager, president and chairman of the board. The company was founded in 1884 by Hammond's father-in-law, John Hill Whiting, and moved to Harvey, Illinois, in 1893. The company is a manufacturer of heavy equipment, including cranes and lifting equipment. Prior to World War I, Hammond was a member of the Illinois National Guard. When the United States entered World War I in the spring of 1917, Hammond was a first lieutenant of field artillery in the National Guard. He served for two years in the U.S. Army during and after the war. After several months serving on the Mexican border, Hammond was deployed to France as part of the 42nd Infantry Division, the famed \"Rainbow Division.\" He was promoted from captain to major and eventually achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel. He was placed in command of the First Battalion of the 149th Field Artillery Regiment and participated in the final rush of American forces in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. Hammond left his command while serving in Germany in January 1919 and returned to civilian life in Chicago in March 1919. In an interview with the \"Chicago Daily Tribune\", Hammond said the Germans feared the Americans, because they were \"fighting all the time.\" He noted, \"You can be assured that there was no 'gentlemanly agreement' with the 149th. They fought. That tells the whole story.\" At the end of World War I, Hammond returned to the Illinois National Guard. He was promoted to the rank of Colonel in 1921 and Brigadier General in 1931. In 1932, he was recognized as Brigadier General in the U.S. Army Reserves. Beginning in 1923 and continuing until at least 1933, Hammond was also a member of University of Michigan Board in Control of Athletics. Hammond served as the president of the Illinois Manufacturers' Association for the first several months of 1933. He resigned the position in July 1933 to serve in the Franklin Roosevelt administration as the executive director of the emergency re-employment campaign of the National Recovery Administration (\"NRA\"). Hammond resigned from his NRA position in November 1933. Immediately before his resignation, it was reported that Hammond disagreed with the administration's policy of giving powers to NRA boards that would weaken industry's self government. On the day Hammond's resignation was announced, fellow Chicago industrialist J.L. Kraft of Kraft Cheese Corp. stated that the NRA was run by \"hairbrained professors, most of them with communistic tendencies who could not successfully operate a peanut stand.\" While initially denying any difference of opinion with the NRA, Hammond later stated that he found the economic principles of the New Deal to be incompatible with his own, commenting that NRA means \"Nuts Run America.\" In November 1935, Hammond was selected to serve a second term as president of the Illinois Manufacturers Association for the year 1936. He was also elected to the Illinois Bell board of directors in 1937. In 1940, Hammond was appointed chairman of the Illinois Citizens Republican Finance Committee, the Republican Party's fund-raising organization in Illinois. In December 1940, Hammond was also appointed chairman of the Chicago chapter of the America First Committee, an organization opposed to U.S. intervention in the war in Europe. Hammond said at the time, \"Our purpose is to marshal public opinion behind the committee's announced program of building an impregnable defense for America and giving expression to public sentiment for keeping America out of the European war.\" In January 1942, following the United States' entry into World War II, Hammond resigned his positions as president and director of Whiting Corporation to devote his full efforts to the work of the Chicago ordnance district. He was named chief of the Chicago district in August 1942, and was charged with facilitating the output of war material by Chicago factories and working as a liaison between private industry and the military. In May 1944, Hammond was given an award by Lt. Gen. B.B. Somervell in recognition of \"outstanding contributions to the operations of the Chicago ordnance district.\" The citation stated: \"Thru Gen. Hammond's constant attention to duty, his resourcefulness and his sound judgment as head of the Chicago ordnance district, and thru his extraordinary insight into industrial capacities and adaptabilities, he has rendered valuable service to the war effort of his country.\" Hammond had four brothers, each of whom were amateur athletes. His older brother, John S. Hammond, was a track and field competitor and football player at the United States Military Academy and was the founder of the New York Rangers. Brother Harry S. Hammond played football with Thomas at Michigan. The other two brothers were Robert Hammond, who also worked for the Whiting Corporation, and architect C. Herrick Hammond. Hammond died at his home on Chicago's Lake Shore Drive (No. 1448) in June 1950 at age 66. He underwent surgery in early February 1950 and traveled to California following the operation. He returned to Chicago when his condition failed to improve. He was survived by his wife, the former Barbara Whiting, and their two sons, Stevens Hill Hammond and Thomas Lyman Hammond. His funeral was held at St. Chrysostom's Episcopal Church in Chicago. Thomas S. Hammond Thomas Stevens Hammond (October 29, 1883 – June 15, 1950) was an American business and political leader, soldier, and college football player and coach. He played football"
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"Montevideo, God Bless You! Montevideo, God Bless You! (/\"Montevideo, Bog te video!\"; internationally titled Montevideo, Taste of a Dream) is a 2010 Serbian film directed by Dragan Bjelogrlić about the events leading to the participation of the Yugoslavia national football team at the first FIFA World Cup in Montevideo, Uruguay in July 1930. The film gained considerable media attention throughout 2010 and achieved significant box office success in Serbia since its release on December 21, 2010. The entire project has been hugely successful regionally thus far. More than 520,000 people in Serbia saw the first film, which won numerous awards. The story is loosely based on the novel \"Montevideo, Bog te video\" by the prominent Serbian sports journalist Vladimir Stanković. He drew inspiration to write a romanticized depiction of the late 1920s Serbia and the events that popularized the game of football in the country after having watched the American film \"The Game of Their Lives\". The film was awarded the 'Audience Choice Award' for Best Film in the main competition program at the 33rd Moscow International Film Festival. It was also Serbia's official submission for Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards, but did not make the final shortlist. A sequel, \"See You in Montevideo\", was released on January 14, 2014. Belgrade, Serbian and Yugoslav capital, circa 1930. The story follows eleven passionate, mostly anonymous but very talented soccer players and their journey from the cobblestone streets of impoverished Belgrade neighborhoods to the formation of the national team before the very first World Cup in faraway Uruguay. So far away that the country's capital, Montevideo, seems more a distant dream than a familiar reality. Named after the city where the inaugural World Cup was held, director Dragan Bjelogrlić's adaptation of journalist Vladimir Stanković's best-selling book centers on the relationship between the two top players: natural talent and poor boy Tirke (Miloš Biković) and playboy superstar Moša (Petar Strugar). The two young men eventually become friends when they're thrown together on the front line of the dominant local team, Beogradski sport klub - BSK (BSK Belgrade). As the club hierarchy is faced with the challenge of keeping the squad afloat, the opportunity arises to create a national team. However, team unity is strained when Tirke and Moša clash over beautiful women. Rosa (Danina Jeftić), the voluptuous, small-town innocent who adores Tirke, but her soccer-mad uncle conspires to set her up with Moša; and vampish Valeria (Nina Janković), a rich flapper who seduces Moša and finds much fun in pitting him against Tirke. The initial doubt that surrounded their personal and professional lives is transformed into a shared ambition to prove themselves in Montevideo; as a result, a story about friendship, enthusiasm, persistence and love for the game is unraveled. The movie was released on DVD during 2011. On 1 January 2012 it was broadcast on RTS1, achieving stellar ratings with over 3.1 million viewers. The extended version of the film, including 5 hours of footage unseen in the theatrical cut, began to be broadcast as the eponymous television series on RTS starting 13 February 2012, and onwards weekly every Monday in the 8pm prime time slot. Nine episodes aired, with the first season concluding on 9 April 2012. The second series, titled \"Na putu za Montevideo\", (season two) began on 31 December 2012, this time airing Sundays. The plot now moved to the preparations for the long trip to Uruguay. Nine more episodes were shown concluding on 10 March 2013. In July 2013, the first series began airing in Croatia on RTL Televizija. On 3 August 2013, \"Montevideo, God Bless You!\", aired on the Chinese CCTV-6 network. On 15 January 2014, the sequel feature film \"Montevideo, vidimo se!\" got released in theaters. Montevideo, God Bless You! Montevideo, God Bless You! (/\"Montevideo, Bog te video!\"; internationally titled Montevideo, Taste of a Dream) is a 2010 Serbian film directed by Dragan Bjelogrlić about the events leading to the participation of the Yugoslavia national football team at the first FIFA World Cup in Montevideo, Uruguay in July 1930. The film gained considerable media attention throughout 2010 and achieved significant box office success in Serbia since its release on December 21, 2010."
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"Palai Central Bank Palai Central Bank was a commercial bank headquartered in Kerala, South India that functioned during the middle of last century. Although it was started in a small remote town, the bank grew up to become not only the biggest bank but the biggest institution in Kerala, after the state government, and the 17th largest among the 94 scheduled banks in India. The Kerala High Court in 1960 ordered the liquidation of Palai Central Bank on a petition from the Reserve Bank of India. From the time of its founding in 1927, Palai Central Bank had an eventful history. The bank's existence the period preceding and immediately following India’s independence, when Kerala – a small State in the far south – could exert only very little influence in the nation’s capital. It was also a period when the need for protecting the interests of different segments of society was not a major consideration when policy decisions were taken by the Central Government. Joseph Augusti Kayalackakom founded The Central Bank Limited in (Pala), a small town in the central part of the then native state of Travancore, which later became part of Kerala. His uncle, Augusti Mathai Kayalackakom, provided the start up capital. Joseph Augusti, who belonged to Thayyil kayalackakom family a branch of ancient Srampickal family of Palai. They were agriculturists and traders, had carried on some other businesses before going into banking. He had run textile business initially in Pala, and later on in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) in 1908; he also established a bus service in Thiruvananthapuram from 1910 onwards. The bank was incorporated under the Travancore Companies Regulation (1092) with the following persons as the initial Promoter-Directors:- The bank was on a growth track right from the beginning. Its style of functioning was quite different from the other banks of the day. It was more of 'mass banking' than the 'class banking' practised by other banks of those days. This was a welcome change for the people who, for their needs, had largely depended on small moneylenders, most of whom were from Kalladaikurichi in Tamil Nadu. The Tamilians were charging exorbitant rates of interest on loans. In 1929, when the Great Depression struck and Travancore's plantation sector was badly hit, the bank gave liberal assistance to the plantations. The bank, which later changed its name to Palai Central Bank, started expanding its activities by opening branches at several places. When the Bank opened a branch in New Delhi, India's new capital city in 1932, it was the very first bank to do so, ahead of even the established north-Indian banks. The Bank also discovered the potential of Aluva (Alwaye) by opening a branch there, years before Aluva became a major industrial town. In 1935, the bank introduced electricity in its head office building in Pala by installing oil-powered generator, years before Government's first power project was commissioned at Pallivasal and electricity became common. The bank was also a pioneer in introducing modern advertising, which was quite different from the staid advertisements of other banks of the day. Employees – both executives and staff – were trained to project the bank's motto of customer service. A young boy coming to deposit the scholarship amount he got received the same service that large depositors enjoyed. It was, therefore, natural that years later, when the bright youngster became District Collector, he still regarded the bank as 'his' bank. The bank’s branch managers followed an 'open door' policy making them accessible to everyone. This was in sharp contrast with their counterparts of the Imperial Bank of India, who were totally unapproachable to the common man. The bank's managers, KM Joseph and later KM Augustine in Thiruvananthapuram, George Joseph in Chennai (Madras), KM Chacko in Nagercoil, C J Thomas in Delhi and others enjoyed exceptional popularity and influence. In 1935, George Thomas Kottukapally, the brother of Director George Joseph Kottukappally, became a Director of Palai Central Bank. As the Travancore Debt Relief Act was coming into existence in 1937, one of the first directors of the bank, Jacob Cherian Maruthukunnel, was nominated to the Sree Chitra State Council to pilot the relative Debt Relief Bill, as it was expected that banks would be affected by the Act. In 1937, two of the major banks of Travancore – Travancore National Bank and Quilon Bank merged to form Travancore National and Quilon (TNQ) Bank. However, in the very next year it was liquidated on the orders of C. P. Ramaswami Iyer, Dewan of Travancore. This led to the collapse of more than 60 small banks. However, Palai Central Bank, which was the leading bank then, remained unaffected. In 1940, industrialisation received a boost as power supply was started in Travancore from Pallivasal Project and a stream of industries like FACT and Ceramics, Kundara were started. In 1945, the State had another milestone in banking as the State Bank of Travancore was started. With India's independence in 1947, the first popular government assumed power in Travancore in 1948 with Pattom Thanu Pillai as Chief Minister. The new Chief Minister told the bank’s management that with the dawn of independence, the bank could make a major contribution in nation building. The bank rose to the occasion, taking the leadership in subscribing to government bonds for large amounts. Development projects of the State that the bank financed included the construction of the Trivandrum-Nagercoil Cement Concrete Road, which now forms part of NH-47. In the 1940s the Bank enjoyed an unprecedented financial position and influence. The chief editor of Malayala Manorama Daily spoke in a TV interview (decades later) about the Palai Central Bank management helping their founder Mammen Mappilai – who was struggling to revive the newspaper – by offering to take over the paper as a whole or to invest in its shares, as a friendly gesture of Joseph Augusti towards a close family friend. Eventually, an investment of 20% in shares was made. In 1948, K M Joseph Kayalackakom – who had become a Director of the bank in 1940 following the death of his father and the first Chairman of the Bank, Augusty Mathai – moved from Trivandrum to the bank's head office at Pala. He then became the virtual General Manager of the institution. In 1947, at a time when there were no management schools anywhere in the British Empire, Joseph Augusti sent his cousin KM George to the United States for management studies. KM George took his MBA degree from New York University in 1948, thus becoming the first MBA degree holder in Travancore. In 1949, he joined the bank as an executive. He was to later become the Secretary and chief executive officer of the bank. In the late forties it was found that during the previous few years, the institution had drifted and slowed down from its previous spectacular growth rate. Officials, who had the charge of advances, had not been successful in controlling subordinates sufficiently to ensure discipline over making of advances. Several advances had proved to be doubtful, although their percentage in total advances was not high. Strict discipline was now enforced. A series of innovative schemes, were also introduced which brought not only order to the Bank but also set it on a course of further rapid growth. In 1949, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) was nationalised and the Banking Companies Act came into existence (later renamed as Banking Regulation Act). This legislation gave RBI complete control over commercial banks. As RBI entered the picture, it continuously pursued the question of the old doubtful advances of the bank, although it was satisfied with the bank’s subsequent operations. In 1950, when a new Diocese of the Catholic Church was formed in Pala, it was an open secret that the bank was the prime mover in bringing the Diocese to Pala. Joseph Augusti led a delegation that accompanied the new",
"not high. Strict discipline was now enforced. A series of innovative schemes, were also introduced which brought not only order to the Bank but also set it on a course of further rapid growth. In 1949, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) was nationalised and the Banking Companies Act came into existence (later renamed as Banking Regulation Act). This legislation gave RBI complete control over commercial banks. As RBI entered the picture, it continuously pursued the question of the old doubtful advances of the bank, although it was satisfied with the bank’s subsequent operations. In 1950, when a new Diocese of the Catholic Church was formed in Pala, it was an open secret that the bank was the prime mover in bringing the Diocese to Pala. Joseph Augusti led a delegation that accompanied the new Bishop Mar Sebastian Vayalil to Rome for the investiture ceremony. The bank also took keen interest in extending assistance to the initial ventures of the new Diocese of Palai. In 1953, the Bank had the honour of according a grand reception to Eugene Tisserant, Dean of Vatican's Sacred College of Cardinals, at the residence of the managing director in Palai during the Cardinal's historic visit to Kerala. In 1953, George Thomas Kottukapally, who was still a Director of the bank, became a member of parliament. Even after that, he continued to be a director. In the same year, when A. J. John, Anaparambil (who had become Chief Minister of the integrated Travancore-Cochin State) resigned, he accepted the bank’s invitation to join its board of directors. In January 1955, the ruling Indian National Congress party, at their national conference held at Avadi in Tamil Nadu, passed the resolution to establish socialism in India \"where the principal means of production are under social ownership or control\". As the implementation of this began and the nation started moving along the socialist path, in that year itself Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of India and formed State Bank of India. In January 1956, life insurance was nationalised and Life Insurance Corporation of India was formed. In 1957, with a view to further advancing socialism, four new taxes were introduced in the country, viz. Wealth Tax, Expenditure Tax, Capital Gains Tax and Gift Tax. Palai Central Bank had by then emerged not only as the biggest enterprise in Kerala – bigger than all the private and public undertakings and banks in the State – but also as the 17th largest bank in the country, bigger than even some of the State banks. From 1956 onwards RBI started turning down the Bank's repeated requests for opening new branches. In 1956, when RBI asked for the communal break-up of the Bank's depositors, not many could foresee what was to follow. Even without branch expansion, the Bank was, however, making steady growth. With a view to strengthening the calibre of its executives, KM Mathai was sent for training to USA at the Kings County Trust Company and the First National City Bank of New York(Citibank), as well as at Midland Bank in UK. K M Ignatius, another executive, was trained at the First National City Bank of the US. In March 1957, H V R Iyengar became Governor of RBI. He had succeeded B Rama Rau who had resigned due to differences with the Finance Minister after a long period of nearly eight years in office. Iyengar's tenure as Governor was a tumultuous period in the history of Indian banking. The year 1956 saw the birth of Kerala State and a year later in 1957 Kerala registered another first by voting to power the world's first communist government to be elected through the ballot box. Meanwhile, in Delhi, Jawaharlal Nehru's two finance ministers had resigned in quick succession and Morarji Desai became the new Finance Minister in March 1958. Nehru soon became aware of the adamant and uncompromising attitude of Desai. In 1959, seven banks controlled by the erstwhile native states – including State Bank of Travancore – were nationalised by Government of India and made subsidiaries of State Bank of India. Towards the end of that year RBI, under the influence of the north Indian bankers' lobby, initiated a series of steps in Palai Central Bank. These steps, taken with the stated object of improving the Bank's working, were apparently aimed at wrecking the institution. It asked Joseph Augusti to retire from the board of directors of the Bank. Also, K M George was asked to step down from the post of chief executive officer and to continue as Secretary of the Bank. An outsider – an official of the State Bank of India – was appointed as the bank's new chief executive officer. Following these moves, some of the bank's depositors lost confidence in the institution and withdrew their deposits. Some people felt that RBI wanted to create a crisis in the Bank to facilitate its closure. However, the crisis did not occur as the run on deposits soon ceased, and some of the depositors even made re-deposits. In 1960 February, a new ministry assumed office in Kerala with Pattom Thanu Pillai as Chief Minister. In August that year, the Governor of RBI succeeded in persuading Desai for the closure of Palai Central Bank which, he told him, had too much of doubtful advances. That RBI gave misleading and false data to convince him is something which Desai himself would come to know only much later. The fact that all the doubtful advances were more than a decade old, and related to the period before the introduction of the Banking Regulation Act was not conveyed to him. RBI moved the application in Kerala High Court for the winding up of the Bank under Section 38(3)(b)(iii) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949. It may be noted that the Banking Regulation Act does not allow the High Court to go into the merits of RBI's application but specifies that the Court \"shall order the winding up\" if an application is made by RBI. Also, RBI can move an application if in the opinion of the RBI \"the continuance of the banking company is prejudicial to the interests of its depositors\", which is a rather vague provision. Justice P T Raman Nair, the presiding Judge of the Kerala High Court ordered the winding up on 8 August 1960. After the winding up, Desai vehemently defended his action in Parliament. He, however, had to admit later that the reasons earlier stated were not correct. A banking crisis followed the liquidation of Palai Central Bank. Most of the banks in the State faced a run on their deposits. Even some of the banks outside Kerala were affected. The total deposits of all the 339 commercial banks in India stood at Rs. 20218.4 million in 1960. Out of the 339 commercial banks, 94 were Scheduled Banks and 245 were Non-Scheduled banks. The total deposits of all the 94 scheduled commercial banks, which was Rs. 19719.7 million before the crisis, fell by more than 10% to Rs. 17418.0 million in the 6 months following the crisis. Punjab National Bank, the worst affected among the northern Banks, received special support. But the affected Kerala banks were less lucky. They were amalgamated with other banks in the state or outside. When the closure of the State's largest bank also led to a crisis in the entire banking system, there was a hue and cry in all quarters, including the press. But out of sheer obstinacy, Desai refused to reconsider the matter. When a group of Kerala MPs met Nehru requesting that the bank be revived, he told them that he would like to, but his insistence will lead to the resignation of Desai. He said there is a feeling that Finance Ministers did not thrive under him and so he did not want another resignation. In the larger interests of the nation, he asked the Kerala MPs to put up with the whole thing. When Chief Minister Pattom Thanu Pillai met Desai to make a personal appeal, he cut him out by asking as to how much money he had lost. A furious Pattom Thanu Pillai told him that like Desai he was also a true Gandhian and he has never had a bank account in his life. He then angrily walked out.",
"a hue and cry in all quarters, including the press. But out of sheer obstinacy, Desai refused to reconsider the matter. When a group of Kerala MPs met Nehru requesting that the bank be revived, he told them that he would like to, but his insistence will lead to the resignation of Desai. He said there is a feeling that Finance Ministers did not thrive under him and so he did not want another resignation. In the larger interests of the nation, he asked the Kerala MPs to put up with the whole thing. When Chief Minister Pattom Thanu Pillai met Desai to make a personal appeal, he cut him out by asking as to how much money he had lost. A furious Pattom Thanu Pillai told him that like Desai he was also a true Gandhian and he has never had a bank account in his life. He then angrily walked out. With that, all doors for a revival from Government side were closed. A legal battle was then fought. But the delay of the legal process made a revival impossible. In the Supreme Court, the Bank's case was argued among others by Gopal Swarup Pathak, who later became Vice-President of India. The Court ruled in a 3–2 judgement that with the delay, a revival has been rendered infructuous. After the closure of the bank the first impression of the public was that Palai Central Bank had failed. They assumed foul play. When the Finance Minister of the country states in Parliament that the bank's deposits had hardly 15% asset backing, the people had no reason to disbelieve. They had to wait for years to know that even after bearing several years of liquidation expenses, the depositors got more than 90% of their money – but in petty instalments. The people knew only then that as a going concern, the bank could very well have repaid its depositors fully. About 30 years later, in the early 1990s when banks in India faced a crisis of mounting losses and high levels of non-performing assets, an interviewer asked a now-retired Justice P T Raman Nair about his thoughts on the winding-up order of Palai Central Bank three decades ago. He then remarked that today's banks were in much worse condition and that if the current yard stick were applied Palai Central Bank would not have been ordered to be closed. In Volume II of the History of RBI covering the years 1951–1967, a 27-page appendix viz. \"Appendix C: The Palai Central Bank\" extensively covers the history of the Bank. The following is an extract: \"\"While defending the Reserve Bank as 'one of the best central banks in the world' maintaining a 'high level of efficiency', the Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, was reported to have acknowledged that it may have made a 'mistake' in closing down the Palai Central Bank.\" \"\"Defending the (Reserve) Bank's action, the (RBI) Governor recalled the representations received from the Kerala Bankers' Association and the Travancore-Cochin Banking Inquiry Commission to 'go slow' on refusing licences to banks in Kerala and pointed out that if the (Reserve) Bank had taken the action it had now taken in any of the previous three years, it would have been subject to even greater criticism. 'This has been the considered judgement of my colleagues and myself in the Bank.' However, (Governor) Iengar conceded, 'someone else could have exercised his judgement differently'.\"\" The crisis that shook the banking sector of the country led to some changes in that sector. The demand for protecting the interests of depositors in the event of similar crises led to the passing of the Deposit Insurance Act by Parliament in 1961 and the eventual formation of the Deposit Insurance & Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC). Another demand arose from the allegation that RBI is a bureaucratic institution insensitive to the needs of the banking sector. Its advocates called for the formation of a Superintendent of Banking like that in the US to carry out the function of supervision of banking in the country. This demand was partially met years later when Government introduced a policy to appoint a career banker as one of the Deputy Governors of RBI. When one looks now at the forced closure of an institution like Palai Central Bank, one sees it as a political failure too. Today, if the Central Government considers the closure of an institution (or even its shifting or merger or modification), all-party delegations of MPs and Ministers are seen rushing to Delhi to ensure that no such decision is taken. But way back in 1960, when the nation was barely 13 years into its independent status, the MPs and MLAs and even the Ministers were far less effective. When the largest institution of Kerala was being ordered to be closed by a Central Government agency, Kerala’s politicians could not prevent it but had to meekly abide by the dictates of their national leadership. The people of central Kerala, however, felt abandoned, if not betrayed. There was also another aspect. The Bank was considered to be an institution of the Christian community, although members of every religion and community were present among the Bank’s innumerable account holders, employees, advisors and well-wishers. Today, if an institution of a minority community is touched by the Government, that community would create such a furore that anyone will think twice before taking a step forward. But minorities were much less aware of their rights away back in 1960. The Christian community, therefore, suffered in silence. In 1964, barely 3 years after the closure of Palai Central Bank, a major upheaval occurred in the Congress Party in Kerala. Fifteen of its MLAs – mainly those from central Kerala – split and formed a new party, Kerala Congress. It was the beginning of a change in the political equations in the State. The closure of Palai Central Bank is considered by many to be one of the root causes that led to the new chain of events. In the same year, under an ingenious scheme which came to be known as ‘Kamaraj Plan’, the irrepressible Desai was removed from the Union Cabinet. Palai Central Bank Palai Central Bank was a commercial bank headquartered in Kerala, South India that functioned during the middle of last century. Although it was started in a small remote town, the bank grew up to become not only the biggest bank but the biggest institution in Kerala, after the state government, and the 17th largest among the 94 scheduled banks in India. The Kerala"
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"Ruslan Tsabolov Ruslan Lazarevich Tsabolov (Russian: \"Русла́н Ла́заревич Цабо́лов\" (1926 in Vladikavkaz — 2003 in Moscow) was a Russian linguist and notable Kurdologist. Tsabolov studied at the department of Iranian Studies of the Leningrad State University, worked as a librarian and later from 1964 to 1966 in the Soviet embassy in Kabul. From 1967 to 2003 Tsabolov worked as a scientific collaborator of the department of the Asian and African languages of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. From 1968 to 1970 he worked at the MSU Institute of Asian and African Studies, teaching Persian. His doctoral dissertation covered the historical grammar of the Kurdish language. Ruslan Tsabolov Ruslan Lazarevich Tsabolov (Russian: \"Русла́н Ла́заревич Цабо́лов\" (1926 in Vladikavkaz — 2003 in Moscow) was a Russian linguist and notable Kurdologist. Tsabolov studied at the department of Iranian Studies of the Leningrad State University, worked as a librarian and later from 1964 to 1966 in the Soviet embassy in Kabul. From 1967 to 2003 Tsabolov worked as a scientific collaborator of the department of the Asian and African languages of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. From 1968 to 1970 he worked"
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"Organisms at high altitude Organisms can live at high altitude, either on land, in water, or while flying. Decreased oxygen availability and decreased temperature make life at such altitudes challenging, though many species have been successfully adapted via considerable physiological changes. As opposed to short-term acclimatisation (immediate physiological response to changing environment), high-altitude adaptation means irreversible, evolved physiological responses to high-altitude environments, associated with heritable behavioural and genetic changes. Among animals, only few mammals (such as yak, ibex, Tibetan gazelle, vicunas, llamas, mountain goats, etc.) and certain birds are known to have completely adapted to high-altitude environments. Human populations such as some Tibetans, South Americans and Ethiopians live in the otherwise uninhabitable high mountains of the Himalayas, Andes and Ethiopian Highlands respectively. The adaptation of humans to high altitude is an example of natural selection in action. High-altitude adaptations provide examples of convergent evolution, with adaptations occurring simultaneously on three continents. Tibetan humans and Tibetan domestic dogs share a genetic mutation in \"EPAS1\", but it has not been seen in Andean humans. Tardigrades live over the entire world, including the high Himalayas. Tardigrades are also able to survive temperatures of close to absolute zero (), temperatures as high as , radiation that would kill other animals, and almost a decade without water. Since 2007, tardigrades have also returned alive from studies in which they have been exposed to the vacuum of outer space in low Earth orbit. Other invertebrates with high-altitude habitats are \"Euophrys omnisuperstes\", a spider that lives in the Himalaya range at altitudes of up to ; it feeds on stray insects that are blown up the mountain by the wind. The springtail \"Hypogastrura nivicola\" (one of several insects called snow fleas) also lives in the Himalayas. It is active in the dead of winter, its blood containing a compound similar to antifreeze. Some allow themselves to become dehydrated instead, preventing the formation of ice crystals within their body. Insects can fly and kite at very high altitude. In 2008, a colony of bumble bees was discovered on Mount Everest at more than above sea level, the highest known altitude for an insect. In subsequent tests some of the bees were still able to fly in a flight chamber which recreated the thinner air of . Ballooning is a term used for the mechanical kiting that many spiders, especially small species, as well as certain mites and some caterpillars use to disperse through the air. Some spiders have been detected in atmospheric data balloons collecting air samples at slightly less than 5 km (16000 ft) above sea level. It is the most common way for spiders to pioneer isolated islands and mountaintops. Fish at high altitudes have a lower metabolic rate, as has been shown in highland westslope cutthroat trout when compared to introduced lowland rainbow trout in the Oldman River basin. There is also a general trend of smaller body sizes and lower species richness at high altitudes observed in aquatic invertebrates, likely due to lower oxygen partial pressures. These factors may decrease productivity in high altitude habitats, meaning there will be less energy available for consumption, growth, and activity, which provides an advantage to fish with lower metabolic demands. The naked carp from Lake Qinghai, like other members of the carp family, can use gill remodelling to increase oxygen uptake in hypoxic environments. The response of naked carp to cold and low-oxygen conditions seem to be at least partly mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). It is unclear whether this is a common characteristic in other high altitude dwelling fish or if gill remodelling and HIF-1 use for cold adaptation are limited to carp. Mammals are also known to reside at high altitude and exhibit a striking number of adaptations in terms of morphology, physiology and behaviour. The Tibetan Plateau has very few mammalian species, ranging from wolf, kiang (Tibetan wild ass), goas, chiru (Tibetan antelope), wild yak, snow leopard, Tibetan sand fox, ibex, gazelle, Himalayan brown bear and water buffalo. These mammals can be broadly categorised based on their adaptability in high altitude into two broad groups, namely \"eurybarc\" and \"stenobarc\". Those that can survive a wide range of high-altitude regions are \"eurybarc\" and include yak, ibex, Tibetan gazelle of the Himalayas and vicuñas llamas of the Andes. Stenobarc animals are those with lesser ability to endure a range of differences in altitude, such as rabbits, mountain goats, sheep, and cats. Among domesticated animals, yaks are perhaps the highest dwelling animals. The wild herbivores of the Himalayas such as the Himalayan tahr, markhor and chamois are of particular interest because of their ecological versatility and tolerance. A number of rodents live at high altitude, including deer mice, guinea pigs, and rats. Several mechanisms help them survive these harsh conditions, including altered genetics of the hemoglobin gene in guinea pigs and deer mice. Deer mice use a high percentage of fats as metabolic fuel to retain carbohydrates for small bursts of energy. Other physiological changes that occur in rodents at high altitude include increased breathing rate and altered morphology of the lungs and heart, allowing more efficient gas exchange and delivery. Lungs of high-altitude mice are larger, with more capillaries, and their hearts have a heavier right ventricle (the latter applies to rats too), which pumps blood to the lungs. At high altitudes, some rodents even shift their thermal neutral zone so they may maintain normal basal metabolic rate at colder temperatures. The deer mouse (\"Peromyscus maniculatus\") is the best studied species, other than humans, in terms of high-altitude adaptation. The deer mice native to Andes highlands (up to 3,000 m) are found to have relatively low hemoglobin content. Measurement of food intake, gut mass, and cardiopulmonary organ mass indicated proportional increases in mice living at high altitudes, which in turn show that life at high altitudes demands higher levels of energy. Variations in the globin genes (α and β-globin) seem to be the basis for increased oxygen-affinity of the hemoglobin and faster transport of oxygen. Structural comparisons show that in contrast to normal hemoglobin, the deer mouse hemoglobin lacks the hydrogen bond between α1Trp14 in the A helix and α1Thr67 in the E helix owing to the Thr67Ala substitution, and there is a unique hydrogen bond at the α1β1 interface between residues α1Cys34 and β1Ser128. The Peruvian native species of mice (\"Phyllotis andium\" and \"Phyllotis xanthopygus\") have adapted to the high Andes by using proportionately more carbohydrates and have higher oxidative capacities of cardiac muscles compared to closely related low-altitude (100–300 m) native species (\"Phyllotis amicus\" and \"Phyllotis limatus\"). This shows that highland mice have evolved a metabolic process to economise oxygen usage for physical activities in the hypoxic conditions. Among domesticated animals, yaks (\"Bos grunniens\") are the highest dwelling animals of the world, living at . The yak is the most important domesticated animal for Tibet highlanders in Qinghai Province of China, as the primary source of milk, meat and fertilizer. Unlike other yak or cattle species, which suffer from hypoxia in the Tibetan Plateau, the Tibetan domestic yaks thrive only at high altitude, and not in lowlands. Their physiology is well-adapted to high altitudes, with proportionately larger lungs and heart than other cattle, as well as greater capacity for transporting oxygen through their blood. In yaks, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (\"HIF-1\") has high expression in the brain, lung and kidney, showing that it plays an important role in the",
"activities in the hypoxic conditions. Among domesticated animals, yaks (\"Bos grunniens\") are the highest dwelling animals of the world, living at . The yak is the most important domesticated animal for Tibet highlanders in Qinghai Province of China, as the primary source of milk, meat and fertilizer. Unlike other yak or cattle species, which suffer from hypoxia in the Tibetan Plateau, the Tibetan domestic yaks thrive only at high altitude, and not in lowlands. Their physiology is well-adapted to high altitudes, with proportionately larger lungs and heart than other cattle, as well as greater capacity for transporting oxygen through their blood. In yaks, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (\"HIF-1\") has high expression in the brain, lung and kidney, showing that it plays an important role in the adaptation to low oxygen environment. On 1 July 2012 the complete genomic sequence and analyses of a female domestic yak was announced, providing important insights into understanding mammalian divergence and adaptation at high altitude. Distinct gene expansions related to sensory perception and energy metabolism were identified. In addition, researchers also found an enrichment of protein domains related to the extracellular environment and hypoxic stress that had undergone positive selection and rapid evolution. For example, they found three genes that may play important roles in regulating the bodyʼs response to hypoxia, and five genes that were related to the optimisation of the energy from the food scarcity in the extreme plateau. One gene known to be involved in regulating response to low oxygen levels, ADAM17, is also found in human Tibetan highlanders. Over 140 million people live permanently at high altitudes (>2,500 m) in North, Central and South America, East Africa, and Asia, and have flourished for millennia in the exceptionally high mountains, without any apparent complications. For normal human populations, a brief stay at these places can risk mountain sickness. For the native highlanders, there are no adverse effects to staying at high altitude. The physiological and genetic adaptations in native highlanders involve modification in the oxygen transport system of the blood, especially molecular changes in the structure and functions of hemoglobin, a protein for carrying oxygen in the body. This is to compensate for the low oxygen environment. This adaptation is associated with developmental patterns such as high birth weight, increased lung volumes, increased breathing, and higher resting metabolism. The genome of Tibetans provided the first clue to the molecular evolution of high-altitude adaptation in 2010. Genes such as \"EPAS1\", \"PPARA\" and \"EGLN1\" are found to have significant molecular changes among the Tibetans, and the genes are involved in hemoglobin production. These genes function in concert with transcription factors, hypoxia inducible factors (\"HIF\"), which in turn are central mediators of red blood cell production in response to oxygen metabolism. Further, the Tibetans are enriched for genes in the disease class of human reproduction (such as genes from the \"DAZ\", \"BPY2\", \"CDY\", and \"HLA-DQ\" and \"HLA-DR\" gene clusters) and biological process categories of response to DNA damage stimulus and DNA repair (such as \"RAD51\", \"RAD52\", and \"MRE11A\"), which are related to the adaptive traits of high infant birth weight and darker skin tone and, are most likely due to recent local adaptation. Among the Andeans, there are no significant associations between \"EPAS1\" or \"EGLN1\" and hemoglobin concentration, indicating variation in the pattern of molecular adaptation. However, \"EGLN1\" appears to be the principal signature of evolution, as it shows evidence of positive selection in both Tibetans and Andeans. The adaptive mechanism is different among the Ethiopian highlanders. Genomic analysis of two ethnic groups, Amhara and Oromo, revealed that gene variations associated with hemoglobin differences among Tibetans or other variants at the same gene location do not influence the adaptation in Ethiopians. Instead, several other genes appear to be involved in Ethiopians, including \"CBARA1\", \"VAV3\", \"ARNT2\" and \"THRB\", which are known to play a role in HIF genetic functions. The EPAS1 mutation in the Tibetan population has been linked to Denisovan-related populations. The Tibetan haplotype is more similar to the Denisovan haplotype than any modern human haplotype. This mutation is seen at a high frequency in the Tibetan population, a low frequency in the Han population and is otherwise only seen in a sequenced Denisovan individual. This mutation must have been present before the Han and Tibetan populations diverged 2750 years ago. Birds have been especially successful at living at high altitudes. In general, birds have physiological features that are advantageous for high-altitude flight. The respiratory system of birds moves oxygen across the pulmonary surface during both inhalation and exhalation, making it more efficient than that of mammals. In addition, the air circulates in one direction through the parabronchioles in the lungs. Parabronchioles are oriented perpendicularly to the pulmonary arteries, forming a cross-current gas exchanger. This arrangement allows for more oxygen to be extracted compared to mammalian concurrent gas exchange; as oxygen diffuses down its concentration gradient and the air gradually becomes more deoxygenated, the pulmonary arteries are still able to extract oxygen. Birds also have a high capacity for oxygen delivery to the tissues because they have larger hearts and cardiac stroke volume compared to mammals of similar body size. Additionally, they have increased vascularization in their flight muscle due to increased branching of the capillaries and small muscle fibres (which increases surface-area-to-volume ratio). These two features facilitate oxygen diffusion from the blood to muscle, allowing flight to be sustained during environmental hypoxia. Birds' hearts and brains, which are very sensitive to arterial hypoxia, are more vascularized compared to those of mammals. The bar-headed goose (\"Anser indicus\") is an iconic high-flyer that surmounts the Himalayas during migration, and serves as a model system for derived physiological adaptations for high-altitude flight. Rüppell's vultures, whooper swans, alpine chough, and common cranes all have flown more than above sea level. Adaptation to high altitude has fascinated ornithologists for decades, but only a small proportion of high-altitude species have been studied. In Tibet, few birds are found (28 endemic species), including cranes, vultures, hawks, jays and geese. The Andes is quite rich in bird diversity. The Andean condor, the largest bird of its kind in the Western Hemisphere, occurs throughout much of the Andes but generally in very low densities; species of tinamous (notably members of the genus \"Nothoprocta\"), Andean goose, giant coot, Andean flicker, diademed sandpiper-plover, miners, sierra-finches and diuca-finches are also found in the highlands. Evidence for adaptation is best investigated among the Andean birds. The water fowls and cinnamon teal (\"Anas cyanoptera\") are found to have undergone significant molecular modifications. It is now known that the α-hemoglobin subunit gene is highly structured between elevations among cinnamon teal populations, which involves almost entirely a single non-synonymous amino acid substitution at position 9 of the protein, with asparagine present almost exclusively within the low-elevation species, and serine in the high-elevation species. This implies important functional consequences for oxygen affinity. In addition, there is strong divergence in body size in the Andes and adjacent lowlands. These changes have shaped distinct morphological and genetic divergence within South American cinnamon teal populations. In 2013, the molecular mechanism of high-altitude adaptation was elucidated in the Tibetan ground tit",
"are found to have undergone significant molecular modifications. It is now known that the α-hemoglobin subunit gene is highly structured between elevations among cinnamon teal populations, which involves almost entirely a single non-synonymous amino acid substitution at position 9 of the protein, with asparagine present almost exclusively within the low-elevation species, and serine in the high-elevation species. This implies important functional consequences for oxygen affinity. In addition, there is strong divergence in body size in the Andes and adjacent lowlands. These changes have shaped distinct morphological and genetic divergence within South American cinnamon teal populations. In 2013, the molecular mechanism of high-altitude adaptation was elucidated in the Tibetan ground tit (\"Pseudopodoces humilis\") using a draft genome sequence. Gene family expansion and positively selected gene analysis revealed genes that were related to cardiac function in the ground tit. Some of the genes identified to have positive selection include \"ADRBK1\" and \"HSD17B7\", which are involved in the adrenaline response and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Thus, the strengthened hormonal system is an adaptation strategy of this bird. Alpine Tibet hosts a limited diversity of animal species, among which snakes are common. A notable species is the Himalayan jumping spider, which can live at over of elevation. There are only 2 endemic reptiles and 10 endemic amphibians in the Tibetan highlands. \"Gloydius himalayanus\" is perhaps the geographically highest living snake in the world, living at as high as 4,900 m in the Himalayas. Many different plant species live in the high-altitude environment. These include perennial grasses, sedges, forbs, cushion plants, mosses, and lichens. High-altitude plants must adapt to the harsh conditions of their environment, which include low temperatures, dryness, ultraviolet radiation, and a short growing season. Trees cannot grow at high altitude, because of cold temperature or lack of available moisture. The lack of trees causes an ecotone, or boundary, that is obvious to observers. This boundary is known as the tree line. The highest-altitude plant species is a moss that grows at on Mount Everest. \"Arenaria bryophylla\" is the highest flowering plant in the world, occurring as high as . Organisms at high altitude Organisms can live at high altitude, either on land, in water, or while flying. Decreased oxygen availability and decreased temperature make life at such altitudes challenging, though many species have been successfully adapted via considerable physiological changes. As opposed to short-term acclimatisation (immediate physiological response to changing environment), high-altitude adaptation means irreversible, evolved physiological responses to high-altitude environments, associated with heritable behavioural and genetic changes."
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"Cambra In British legend, Cambra was the daughter of Belinus the Great, a legendary king of the Britons, and married to Antenor, the second King of the Cimmerians. The Cimmerians changed the name of their tribe to Sicambri in honor of Cambra. Cambra's son by Antenor, Priamus the Younger, succeeded his father when he was twenty-six. According to John Tritemicus, Cambra was so beautiful and wise that the Frankish monarchy obeyed her as if she was an Oracle, and she converted the people to civility from barbarianism. The Saxons, who apparently identified Cambra with the same status as that of a King or priest, developed the proverb \"Sy Camber\", used to refer to any man who spoke as wisely as Cambra. According to John Lewis's history of Great Britain, Cambra taught Noblemen to build cities and castles; she taught women how to dress properly and to use modest countenance, how to sow flax and hemp, and to convert it into cloth; she gave laws and upright judgement to the people; she was a prophet and a priest to Diana; she made the laws of the Sycambrians, by which it was forbidden that the King's sons by second or third wives (etc.) should be called \"princes\", lest the Kingdom should be confounded. She built the cities Neomag and Neopag and \"died around the Year from the Creation 3590, and before Christ 373, Jonathas being High Priest of the Jews.\" Cambra In British legend, Cambra was the daughter of Belinus the Great, a legendary king of the Britons, and married to Antenor, the second King of the Cimmerians. The Cimmerians changed the name of their tribe to Sicambri in honor of Cambra. Cambra's son by Antenor, Priamus the Younger, succeeded his father when he was twenty-six. According to John Tritemicus, Cambra was"
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"Calas (food) Beignets are dumplings composed primarily of cooked rice, yeast, sugar, eggs, and flour; the resulting batter is deep-fried. It is traditionally a breakfast dish, served with coffee or cafe au lait, and has a mention in most Creole cuisine cookbooks. Calas are also referred to as Creole rice fritters or rice doughnuts. The origin of calas is most often credited to slaves who came from rice-growing regions of Africa. A 1653 French recipe, \"beignets de riz\", lends support to a French origin as well. The name \"calas\" is said to have come from the Nupe word \"kara\" (\"fried cake\"). According to \"The Dictionary of American Food & Drink\", the word calas was first printed in 1880. Black or Creole street vendors, typically women, sold the fresh hot calas in the city's French Quarter, with the cry, \"Bel calas tout chauds!\" (Creole for \"Beautiful calas, still hot\"). These vendors, called \"calas women\", would sell their pastries in the early morning from covered baskets or bowls carried upon their heads. Writers in the first decade of the 20th century refer to the increasing rarity of calas as street food. Though not widely sold, calas continued to be made at home using leftover rice, and was a typical breakfast food in early 20th-century New Orleans. After World War II, while the beignet remained popular, the calas became more and more obscure. From a breakfast food it evolved into a Mardi Gras and First Communion treat among Catholic African-American families. It could be specially requested at some restaurants. Through the efforts of food preservationists, interest in calas was revived and it began to appear on the menus of some restaurants. In early recipes for calas, rice was boiled and cooled, then yeast added to make a sponge that was allowed to proof overnight. From this a batter was made by adding eggs, sugar and a little flour for binding. Rice flour was preferable but difficult to obtain, according to Eustis. A dash of salt might be included, and a grating of nutmeg was a typical addition. The batter was dropped by spoonfuls into deep, boiling lard and fried until browned. Modern recipes reflect the changes in available ingredients, cooking practices, and taste. Baking powder is sometimes used in place of yeast; vegetable oil is substituted for lard; savory variations have been developed. Calas (food) Beignets are dumplings composed primarily of cooked rice,"
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"Teemu Pulkkinen Teemu Pulkkinen (born 2 January 1992) is a Finnish professional ice hockey left winger currently playing for HC Dinamo Minsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Pulkkinen was drafted 111th overall by the Detroit Red Wings in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. Pulkkinen made his first appearance for Jokerit on 5 December 2008, at the age of 16. Before joining the team, he was an integral part of Jokerit's Junior-B club, scoring 36 goals and a total of 60 points in 32 games during the 2007–08 regular season. His team went on to win the Finnish championship, and Pulkkinen finished as the top scorer in the playoffs with 17 points in just six games. During the 2010–11 season, in his rookie season with Jokerit, Pulkkinen played in 55 games, recording 18 goals and 36 assists. He broke Teemu Selänne's 20-year-old single-season record for assists by a rookie, with 36. On 29 May 2012, Pulkkinen signed a three-year, entry-level contract with the Detroit Red Wings. During the 2012–13 season, he was assigned to the Red Wings' American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Grand Rapids Griffins, in April 2013 following the completion of his third season with Jokerit in Finland. He scored his first North American goal in a Calder Cup playoff game on 1 May against the Houston Aeros. Pulkkinen played in 14 playoff games for the Griffins, recording three goals and two assists during the team's run to the Calder Cup. During the 2013–14 season, in his first full season with the Griffins, Pulkkinen led the team in scoring, finishing with 31 goals and 28 assists in 71 games. On 14 March 2014, Pulkkinen made his NHL debut for Detroit in a game against the Edmonton Oilers. At the time of his call-up, Pulkkinen was the Griffins' leading scorer and ranked second among all AHL rookies with 51 points in 60 games. He also led AHL rookies in goals (26), shots (175) and plus-minus rating (+20). On 8 January 2015, Pulkkinen was recalled by the Red Wings. At the time of his call-up, Pulkkinen was the Griffins' leading scorer and ranked first in the AHL with 20 goals and second with 39 points in 33 games. He was also on an eight-game goal scoring streak for Grand Rapids, which tied the franchise record set by Donald MacLean during the 2005–06 season. It was the longest goal-scoring streak in the AHL since Drayson Bowman recorded a goal in eight-straight games early in the 2012–13 season. On 20 January, Pulkkinen scored his first career NHL goal against Devan Dubnyk of the Minnesota Wild. On 29 January, Pulkkinen recorded his first career hat-trick, all on the power play. He became just the second player in Griffins franchise history to record three power play goals in one game, following Joe Murphy in 2001.On 15 February, Pulkkinen recorded his AHL-leading 30th goal of the season, becoming the first player in franchise history to record back-to-back 30-goal seasons. Pulkkinen finished the 2014–15 season recording 34 goals and 27 assists in 46 games for an AHL-best 1.33 points per game. He finished second in points recorded for the Griffins, and was the leading goal-scorer in the AHL, winning the Willie Marshall Award despite the fact that he played in at least 27 fewer games than the three next-highest goal scorers. Additionally, in 31 games played with the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL, Pulkkinen recorded five goals and three assists. On 6 May 2015, Pulkkinen scored his first career Calder Cup playoff hat-trick, and the seventh playoff hat-trick in Griffins history. He also became the Griffins' all-time leading post-season goal scorer, with 17 goals, surpassing Derek King and Tomáš Tatar's tally of 16 goals. During the 2015 Calder Cup playoffs, Pulkkinen was the leading scorer for the Griffins, and led the AHL in goals, recording 14 goals and four assists in 16 games, while helping the Griffins reach the Western Conference Finals for the second time in three seasons. On 21 July 2015, the Red Wings signed Pulkkinen to a one-year contract extension. On 13 July 2016, the Red Wings signed Pulkkinen to another one-year contract extension, however on October 11, 2016, before the beginning of the 2016–17 season, Pulkinnen was waived by Detroit for the purpose of assignment to Grand Rapids, and was claimed off waivers by the Minnesota Wild. He appeared in 9 games with the Wild, contributing 1 goal, before he was waived and assigned to AHL affiliate, the Iowa Wild. In 47 games with Iowa, Pulkkinen lead the team with 18 goals and produced 36 points to earn a selection to the 2017 AHL All-Star Game. Unable to earn a recall to Minnesota, Pulkkinen was placed on waivers on 26 February 2017, and traded the following day to the Arizona Coyotes for future considerations. Pulkkinen played out the season with the Coyotes, scoring a lone goal in 4 games. Having been left exposed by the Coyotes at the 2017 NHL Expansion Draft, Pulkkinen was selected by the Vegas Golden Knights on 21 June, 2017. As a restricted free agent, Pulkkinen agreed to a one-year, $700,000 contract with the Golden Knights on 6 July 2017. He was assigned by Vegas to AHL affiliate, the Chicago Wolves, for the duration of the 2017–18 season. He continued his offensive dominance at the AHL level in scoring a personal high of 65 points in 75 games. As a restricted free agent from the Golden Knights, Pulkkinen opted to pause his North American career in agreeing to a one-year contract with Belarusian club, HC Dinamo Minsk of the KHL on July 18, 2018. Pulkkinen represented Finland at the 2009 IIHF World U18 Championships in the United States, where he recorded 13 points in six games to finish third in tournament scoring, behind teammate Toni Rajala and Russian Vladimir Tarasenko, helping lead Finland to a bronze medal. With 28 points, Pulkkinen currently ranks second all-time in IIHF World U18 Championship scoring. In the 2010 IIHF World U18 Championships, Pulkkinen recorded ten goals and five assists in six games to become the tournament's leading scorer; he was also selected as the tournament's best forward. Pulkkinen was part of the Finnish national team for the 2012 World Junior Championships. In a game against Denmark on 30 December 2011, Pulkkinen scored four goals in the third period, part of a five-point game for him; this tied a record for most goals in a period during a World Junior game, first set by Ján Vodila of Czechoslovakia during the 1980 World Juniors. Pulkkinen represented Finland at the 2016 IIHF World Championship, where he recorded two assists in eight games and won a silver medal. Teemu Pulkkinen Teemu Pulkkinen (born 2 January 1992) is a Finnish professional ice hockey left winger currently playing for HC Dinamo Minsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Pulkkinen was drafted 111th overall by the Detroit Red Wings in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. Pulkkinen made his first appearance for Jokerit on 5 December 2008, at the age of 16. Before joining the team, he was an integral part of Jokerit's Junior-B club, scoring 36 goals and a total of 60 points in 32 games during the"
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"Hernán Orantes López Hernán de Jesús Orantes López (born 11 April 1968) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He serves as a deputy of the LXIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the second federal electoral district of Chiapas. In 1992, Orantes López graduated with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Centro de Estudios Universitarios (Center for University Studies). In 1993 and 1994, he worked in his first public service job, as a management coordinator for Infonavit. From 1998 to 2001, he served as an advisor to the government of the town of Ixhuatán; after performing in that capacity, he went on to several PRI posts, most notably as a municipal territorial coordinator from 2002 to 2004. He also joined agricultural associations: in 1999, he became an active member of the Mexican Association of Breeders of Registered Swiss Cattle, and three years later, he became an active member of the Chiapas Association of Purebred Breeders. In 2005, Orantes López graduated from the Universidad Valle de Grijalva with an undergraduate law degree; that same year, he was elected municipal president of Tapilula, Chiapas, where he served two years. During 2006, he also served as a regional liaison in the PRI. Voters once again elected Orantes López in 2009, this time to the Chamber of Deputies for the LXI Legislature. He was the secretary of the Rural Development Commission and also sat on the Agrarian Reform, Indigenous Matters, and Special for the Grijalva-Usumacinta River Valley Commissions. After his first term in San Lázaro, he got involved in business activities with Empresas y Servicios del Norte de Chiapas ORLO, S.A. de C.V., a Pemex franchisee, and served as a delegate of the Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas in the state. Three years after his first term ended, Orantes López returned to the Chamber of Deputies in 2015, serving in the LXIII Legislature. He is the secretary of the Indigenous Matters and Ranching Commissions, and he also serves on the Population Committee. He is the head of the PRI's delegation of deputies from the state of Chiapas. Hernán's sister, María Elena Orantes López, is also a legislator, currently serving in the LXIII Legislature and representing Movimiento Ciudadano. Hernán Orantes López Hernán de Jesús Orantes López (born 11 April 1968) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He serves as a deputy"
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"Medical case management Medical case management is a collaborative process that facilitates recommended treatment plans to assure the appropriate medical care is provided to disabled, ill or injured individuals. It is a role frequently overseen by patient advocates. It refers to the planning and coordination of health care services appropriate to achieve the goal of medical rehabilitation. Medical case management may include, but is not limited to, care assessment, including personal interview with the injured employee, and assistance in developing, implementing and coordinating a medical care plan with health care providers, as well as the employee and his/her family and evaluation of treatment results. Medical case management requires the evaluation of a medical condition, developing and implementing a plan of care, coordinating medical resources, communicated healthcare needs to the individual, monitors an individual's progress and promotes cost-effective care. The term also has usage in the USA health care system, referring to the case management coordination in the managed care environment. Medical case management Medical case management is a collaborative process that facilitates recommended treatment plans to assure the appropriate medical care is provided to disabled, ill or injured individuals. It is a role frequently overseen by patient advocates. It refers"
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"retrieved": [
"Keith Haring Keith Allen Haring (May 4, 1958 – February 16, 1990) was an American artist whose pop art and graffiti-like work grew out of the New York City street culture of the 1980s. Haring's work grew to popularity from his spontaneous drawings in New York City subways – chalk outlines on blank black advertising-space backgrounds – depicting radiant babies, flying saucers, and deified dogs. After public recognition he created larger scale works such as colorful murals, many of them commissioned. His imagery has \"become a widely recognized visual language\". His later work often addressed political and societal themes – especially homosexuality and AIDS – through his own iconography. Keith Haring was born in Reading, Pennsylvania, on May 4, 1958. He was raised in Kutztown, Pennsylvania by his mother, Joan Haring, and father, Allen Haring, an engineer and amateur cartoonist. His family attended the United Church of God. He had three younger sisters, Kay, Karen and Kristen. He became interested in art at a very young age, spending time with his father producing creative drawings. His early influences included Walt Disney cartoons, Dr. Seuss, Charles Schulz, and the Looney Tunes characters in \"The Bugs Bunny Show\". In his early teenage years, Haring was involved with the Jesus Movement. He eventually left his religious background behind and hitchhiked across the country, selling Grateful Dead and anti-Nixon T-shirts he made and experimenting with drugs. He studied commercial art from 1976 to 1978 at Pittsburgh's Ivy School of Professional Art, but eventually lost interest. He made the decision to leave after having read Robert Henri's \"The Art Spirit\" (1923), which inspired him to concentrate on his own art. Haring had a maintenance job at the Pittsburgh Center for the Arts and was able to explore the art of Jean Dubuffet, Jackson Pollock, and Mark Tobey. His most critical influences at this time were a 1977 retrospective of the work of Pierre Alechinsky and a lecture by the sculptor Christo in 1978. Alechinsky's work, connected to the international Expressionist group CoBrA, gave him confidence to create larger paintings of calligraphic images. Christo introduced him to the possibilities of involving the public with his art. His first important one-man exhibition was in Pittsburgh at the Center for the Arts in 1978. He moved to New York in 1978 to study painting at the School of Visual Arts. He also worked as a busboy during this time at a nightclub called Danceteria. He studied semiotics with Bill Beckley, as well as exploring the possibilities of video and performance art. Profoundly influenced at this time by the writings of William Burroughs, he was inspired to experiment with the cross-referencing and interconnection of images. He first received public attention with his public art in subways where he created white chalk drawings on a black, unused advertisement backboard in the stations. Keith considered the subways to be his \"laboratory\", a place where he could experiment and create his artwork. Starting in 1980, he organized exhibitions at Club 57, which were filmed by the photographer Tseng Kwong Chi. Around this time, \"The Radiant Baby\" became his symbol. His bold lines, vivid colors, and active figures carry strong messages of life and unity. He participated in the Times Square Exhibition and drew animals and human faces for the first time. That same year, he photocopied and pasted provocative collages made from cut-up and recombined \"New York Post\" headlines around the city. In 1981, he sketched his first chalk drawings on black paper and painted plastic, metal, and found objects. By 1982, Haring had established friendships with fellow emerging artists Futura 2000, Kenny Scharf, Madonna and Jean-Michel Basquiat. He created more than 50 public works between 1982 and 1989 in dozens of cities around the world. He often used lines of energy to emphasize kinetic movement, vitality, and euphoric spirit. One of his early works in 1982 depicts two figures with a radiant heart-love motif, which critics have interpreted as a boldness in homosexual love and a significant cultural statement. His \"Crack is Wack\" mural, created in 1986, is visible from New York's FDR Drive. In 1989, he criticized the avoidance of social issues such as AIDS through a piece called \"Rebel with Many Causes\" that revolves around a theme of \"hear no evil, see no evil, speak no evil\". He got to know Andy Warhol, who was the theme of several of Haring's pieces, including \"Andy Mouse\". His friendship with Warhol would prove to be a decisive element in his eventual success. In December 2007, an area of the American Textile Building in the TriBeCa neighborhood of New York City was discovered to contain a painting of Haring's from 1979. In 1984, Haring visited Australia and painted wall murals in Melbourne (such as the 1984 'Detail-Mural at Collingwood College, Victoria') and Sydney, and received a commission from the National Gallery of Victoria and the Australian Centre for Contemporary Art to create a mural which temporarily replaced the water curtain at the National Gallery. He also visited and painted in Rio de Janeiro, the , Minneapolis and Manhattan. He became politically active, designing a Free South Africa poster in 1985. In spring 1986, he had his first solo museum exhibition at the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam, where he also painted a mural on the museum's then-storage facility. On October 23, 1986 Keith was asked by the Checkpoint Charlie Museum to create a mural on the Berlin Wall. The mural was 300 meters long and depicted red and black interlocking human figures against a yellow background. The colors were a representation of the German flag and symbolized the hope of unity between East and West Germany. He was interested in working with children and this inspired the project Citykids Speak on Liberty, which involved 1,000 children collaborating on a project for the centennial of the Statue of Liberty. In April 1986, Pop Shop was opened in Soho and made Keith's work readily accessible to purchase at reasonable prices. When asked about the commercialism of his work, Haring said: \"I could earn more money if I just painted a few things and jacked up the price. My shop is an extension of what I was doing in the subway stations, breaking down the barriers between high and low art.\" By the arrival of Pop Shop, his work began reflecting more socio-political themes, such as anti-Apartheid, AIDS awareness, and the crack cocaine epidemic. He even created several pop art pieces influenced by other products: Absolut Vodka, Lucky Strike cigarettes, and Coca-Cola. In 1987, he had his own exhibitions in Helsinki, Antwerp, and elsewhere. He also designed the cover for the benefit album \"A Very Special Christmas\", on which Madonna was included. In 1988, he joined a select group of artists whose work has appeared on the label of Chateau Mouton Rothschild wine. Haring also created public murals in the lobby and ambulatory care department of Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center on Flushing Avenue, Brooklyn. A rare video of Haring at work shows his energetic style. He wrote: \"I am becoming much more aware of movement. The importance of movement is intensified when a painting becomes a performance. The performance (the act of painting) becomes as important as the resulting painting.\" When his friend died of an overdose in New York in 1988, he paid homage to him with his work \"A Pile of Crowns, for Jean-Michel Basquiat\". Haring was openly gay and was a strong advocate of safe sex; however, in 1988, he was diagnosed with AIDS. From 1982 to 1989, he was featured in more than 100 solo and group exhibitions as well as produced more than 50 public artworks in dozens of charities, hospitals, day care centers, and orphanages. He used his imagery during the last years of his life to speak about his illness and to generate activism and awareness about AIDS. In 1989, he was invited by the",
"more aware of movement. The importance of movement is intensified when a painting becomes a performance. The performance (the act of painting) becomes as important as the resulting painting.\" When his friend died of an overdose in New York in 1988, he paid homage to him with his work \"A Pile of Crowns, for Jean-Michel Basquiat\". Haring was openly gay and was a strong advocate of safe sex; however, in 1988, he was diagnosed with AIDS. From 1982 to 1989, he was featured in more than 100 solo and group exhibitions as well as produced more than 50 public artworks in dozens of charities, hospitals, day care centers, and orphanages. He used his imagery during the last years of his life to speak about his illness and to generate activism and awareness about AIDS. In 1989, he was invited by the Lesbian and Gay Community Services Center to join a show of site-specific artwork for the building at 208 West 13th Street. He chose the second-floor men's room for his mural \"Once Upon a Time\". In June, on the rear wall of the convent of the Church of Sant'Antonio () in Pisa, he painted the last public work of his life, the mural \"\" (translation: \"All world\"). In 1989, he established the Keith Haring Foundation to provide funding and imagery to AIDS organizations and children's programs, and to expand the audience for his work through exhibitions, publications and the licensing of his images. The foundation's goal is to keep Keith Haring's wishes and expand his heritage, crafts, art and goals by providing grants and funding to nonprofit organizations that target educating disadvantaged youths and informing individuals about HIV and AIDS. It also supports arts and educational institutions by funding exhibitions, educational programs, and publications. Haring also entrusted the foundation with carrying on his legacy through research and sharing his works and materials pertaining to his life. He collaborated with Grace Jones, whom he had met through Andy Warhol. In 1985, Haring and Jones worked together on the two live performances Jones at the Paradise Garage, which Robert Farris Thompson has called a \"epicenter for black dance\". Each time, Haring covered Jones' body with graffiti. He also collaborated with fashion designers Vivienne Westwood and Malcolm McLaren on their A/W 1983/84 Witches collection, with his artwork covering the clothing which was most famously worn by a pink-wigged Madonna for a performance of her song \"Like a Virgin\" on the British pop-music programme \"Top of the Pops\" and the American TV dance program \"Solid Gold\". Haring also collaborated with David Spada, a jewelry designer, to design the sculptural adornments for Jones. Haring's work very clearly demonstrates many important political and personal influences. Ideas about his sexual orientation are apparent throughout his work and his journals clearly confirm its impact on his work. Heavy symbolism speaking about the AIDS epidemic is vivid in his later pieces, such as \"Untitled (cat. no. 27)\", \"Silence=Death\" and his sketch \"Weeping Woman\". In some of his works—including cat. no. 27—the symbolism is subtle, but he also produced some blatantly activist works. \"Silence=Death\", which mirrors the ACT UP poster and uses its motto, is almost universally agreed upon as a work of HIV/AIDS activism. Haring died on February 16, 1990 of AIDS-related complications. He (among others) is commemorated in the AIDS Memorial Quilt. As a celebration of his life, Madonna declared that the first New York date of her 1990 Blond Ambition World Tour would be a benefit concert for Haring's memory and donated all proceeds from her ticket sales to AIDS charities including AIDS Project Los Angeles and amfAR; the act was documented in her film \"Truth or Dare.\" Additionally, his work was featured in several of Red Hot Organization's efforts to raise money for AIDS and AIDS awareness, specifically its first two albums, \"Red Hot + Blue\" and \"Red Hot + Dance\", the latter of which used Haring's work on its cover. Haring contributed to the New York New Wave display in 1981 and in 1982, had his first exclusive exhibition in the Tony Shafrazi Gallery. That same year, he took part in Documenta 7 in Kassel, Germany, as well as Public Art Fund's \"Messages to the Public\" in which he created work for a Spectacolor Board in Times Square. He contributed work to the Whitney Biennial in 1983, as well as in the São Paulo Biennial. In 1985, the CAPC in Bordeaux opened an exhibition of his works, and he took part in the Paris Biennial. Since his death Haring has been the subject of several international retrospectives. His art was the subject of a 1997 retrospective at the Whitney Museum in New York, curated by Elisabeth Sussman. In 1996, a retrospective at the Museum of Contemporary Art Australia was the first major exhibition of his work in Australia. In 2008 there was a retrospective exhibition at the MAC in Lyon, France. In February 2010, on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the Haring's death, Tony Shafrazi Gallery showed an exhibition containing dozens of works from every stage of Haring's career. In March 2012, a retrospective exhibit of his work, \"Keith Haring: 1978–1982\", opened at the Brooklyn Museum in New York. In April 2013, \"Keith Haring: The Political Line\" opened at the and In November 2014, then at the De Young Museum in San Francisco. Haring's work is in major private and public collections, including the Museum of Modern Art and the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City; Los Angeles County Museum of Art; the Art Institute of Chicago; the Bass Museum in Miami; Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris; the Ludwig Museum in Cologne; and the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam. He also created a wide variety of public works, including the infirmary at Children's Village in Dobbs Ferry, New York, and the second floor men's room in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center in Manhattan, which was later transformed into an office and is known as the Keith Haring Room. Haring was represented until his death by art dealer Tony Shafrazi. Since his death in 1990, his estate has been administered by the Keith Haring Foundation. The foundation has a twofold mission of supporting educational opportunities for underprivileged children and financing AIDS research and patient care. The foundation is represented by Gladstone Gallery. There is no catalogue raisonné for Haring; however, there is copious information about him available on the estate's website and elsewhere, enabling prospective buyers or sellers to research exhibition history. In 2012, the Keith Haring Foundation disbanded its authentication board; that same year, it donated $1 million to support exhibitions at the Whitney Museum of American Art and $1 million to Planned Parenthood of New York City's Project Street Beat. A 2014 lawsuit, filed by a group of nine art collectors at the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, argued that the foundation's actions have \"limited the number of Haring works in the public domain, thereby increasing the value of the Haring works that the foundation and its members own or sell.\" Haring is the subject of a composition, \"Haring at the Exhibition\", written and performed by Italian composer Lorenzo Ferrero in collaboration with DJ Nicola Guiducci. The work combines excerpts from popular chart music of the 1980s with samples of classical music compositions by Lorenzo Ferrero and synthesized sounds. It was featured at \"The Keith Haring Show\", an exhibition which took place in 2005 at the Triennale di Milano. In 2006, he was named by Equality Forum as one of their 31 Icons of LGBT History Month. In 2008, filmmaker Christina Clausen released the documentary \"The Universe of Keith Haring\". In the film, his legacy is \"resurrected through colorful archival footage and remembered by friends and admirers such as artists Kenny Scharf and Yoko Ono, gallery owners Jeffrey Deitch and Tony Shafrazi,",
"of a composition, \"Haring at the Exhibition\", written and performed by Italian composer Lorenzo Ferrero in collaboration with DJ Nicola Guiducci. The work combines excerpts from popular chart music of the 1980s with samples of classical music compositions by Lorenzo Ferrero and synthesized sounds. It was featured at \"The Keith Haring Show\", an exhibition which took place in 2005 at the Triennale di Milano. In 2006, he was named by Equality Forum as one of their 31 Icons of LGBT History Month. In 2008, filmmaker Christina Clausen released the documentary \"The Universe of Keith Haring\". In the film, his legacy is \"resurrected through colorful archival footage and remembered by friends and admirers such as artists Kenny Scharf and Yoko Ono, gallery owners Jeffrey Deitch and Tony Shafrazi, and the choreographer Bill T. Jones\". Madonna, who was friends with Haring during the 1980s, used his art as animated backdrops for her 2008/2009 Sticky and Sweet Tour. The animation is standard Haring, featuring his trademark blocky figures dancing in beat to an updated remix of \"Into the Groove\". \"Keith Haring: Double Retrospect\" is a monster sized jigsaw puzzle by Ravensburger measuring in at with 32,256 pieces, breaking \"Guinness Book of World Records\" for the largest puzzle ever made. The puzzle uses 32 pieces of his work and weighs . On May 4, 2012, on what would have been Haring's 54th birthday, Google honored him in a Google Doodle. He designed the album cover for the \"A Very Special Christmas\" music compilation album which consists of a typical Haring figure holding a baby. Its \"Jesus iconography\" is considered unusual in modern rock holiday albums. Haring had a balloon in tribute to him at the 2008 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. Tim Finn wrote the song \"Hit The Ground Running\", on his album Before & After, in memory of Keith Haring. In 2017, his sister Kay Haring wrote a children's book, \"Keith Haring: The Boy Who Just Kept Drawing,\" which ranked among the top ten sellers every week for over a year in the Amazon category of Children's Art History. Keith Haring Keith Allen Haring (May 4, 1958 – February 16, 1990) was an American artist whose pop art and graffiti-like work grew out of the New York City street culture of the 1980s. Haring's work grew to popularity from his spontaneous drawings in New York City subways – chalk outlines on blank black advertising-space backgrounds – depicting radiant babies, flying saucers, and deified dogs. After public recognition he created larger scale works such as colorful murals, many of them commissioned. His imagery has \"become a widely recognized visual language\". His"
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"Anugerah Anugerah (\"Blessing\") is an Indonesian television serial sinetron fifth long-running drama with 473 episodes after Cinta Fitri with 1002 episodes, Putri yang Ditukar with 676 episodes, Islam KTP with 558 episodes and Suami-Suami Takut Istri with 512 episodes. It was produced video productions house public distributor company network by SinemArt directed by Leo Sutanto. The story of the journey of life Nabila (Nabila Syakieb), a beautiful girl, who was recorded as the best student in the university and potentially has a bright future, must be in a dilemma when the father whom she loved, Arif (El Manik), affected by kidney failure and must soon make operation. Nabila is really running out of ways to help his father. Nabila request for Lisa (Cut Memey), Nabila' stepmother, that crazy treasure to seek help. Until finally, Nabila accidentally met with Endang (Dina Lorenza), a wealthy woman and kind-hearted help Nabila because it has the same story with His son Rino (Kevin Andrean). Nabila accidentally met with Fandy (Samuel Zylgwyn). Fandy is the son of wealthy (Dwi Yan), a wealthy businessman who is very fond of her two children. Fandy Sugih asked to stop painting and work in his company, and soon get married like her stepbrother, Bima. Bima (Giovanni Tobing) who was married first with Wulan (Dhini Aminarti). Hera (Annie Anwar), Bima' mother who hated Fandy, knowing that Fandy will soon be married and introduced as the future wife Nabila. Hera was afraid that if Fandy who first had children, so that Hera no Sugih opportunity to own property. Erlin (Femmy Permatasari), Wulan' biological mother, knew about it, made him desperate to find services mother substitute. Wulan initially shocked to hear that, but for the love that in the Milky Way, he would also agree with all that. Erlin managed to find Rose (Sheila Marchia) who are willing to do fertilization, of course with a very high fee. Anugerah Anugerah (\"Blessing\") is an Indonesian television serial sinetron fifth long-running drama with 473 episodes after Cinta Fitri with 1002 episodes, Putri yang Ditukar with 676 episodes, Islam KTP with 558 episodes and Suami-Suami Takut Istri with 512 episodes. It was produced video productions house public distributor company network by SinemArt directed by Leo Sutanto. The story of the journey of life Nabila (Nabila Syakieb), a beautiful girl, who was recorded as the best student in the university and potentially has a bright future,"
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"Bahram ibn Mafinna Bahram ibn Mafinna (), also known as al-'Adil (\"the just one\") was an Iranian statesman who served as the \"vizier\" of the Buyid ruler Abu Kalijar from 1025/6 to 1041/2. Unlike the majority of the Buyid viziers, Bahram bore an Iranian name, and his father also had an Iranian name which was an Arabicized form of Mah-panah. Bahram was born at Kazerun in Fars in 976/7, and when he became older, he began serving the Buyids as a secretary, and later rose to higher offices, eventually in the 1020s becoming the adviser of the Buyid vizier Ibn Makram. In 1024, the Buyid ruler of Fars, Sultan al-Dawla, died, and a succession crisis shortly occurred; His son Qawam al-Dawla, the governor of Kerman, who claimed Fars for himself, rebelled against his own brother Abu Kalijar. Nevertheless, Abu Kalijar managed to gain control over Fars, and successfully defended his domains against his brother. However, during the conflict his vizier Ibn Makram was killed, and Bahram was shortly appointed by Abu Kalijar as his new vizier. During his period as a vizier, Bahram's prominent talents as a general and an administrator, and tolerance against other religions, made him famous among the subjects of the Buyid state. He also had good relations with the Ismaili missionary Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi. In 1028, Qawam al-Dawla was poisoned, and Abu Kalijar shortly conquered Kerman. In 1030, another rival and relative of Abu Kalijar, Jalal al-Dawla, sent a fleet of 1300 ships under his vizier Abu Ali Hasan to capture Basra from Abu Kalijar, but the expedition eventually proved to be an disaster and ended in a complete defeat for Jalal al-Dawla. Abu Ali Hasan was then taken prisoner, but was soon released. Abu Kalijar shortly sent an army under Bahram, who managed to conquer Khuzistan. Abu Kalijar then made Ahvaz his capital. In 1033 the Ghaznavids invaded Kerman, with the object of overrunning the Buyid states. However, the financial obligations imposed on the people of Kerman convinced them that Buyid rule would be preferable. In the following year, Bahram ibn Mafinna expelled the Ghaznavids from the province. In 1037/8, a civil war broke in Oman between the princes of the local vassal dynasty in the region. Bahram shortly interfered in the civil war, and brought peace to the region. Bahram later died in 1041/2, and was succeeded by Dhu'l-Sa'adat as the vizier of Abu Kalijar. According to the historian Hugh N. Kennedy, Bahram was the last great vizier of the Buyids. Bahram ibn Mafinna Bahram ibn Mafinna (), also known as al-'Adil (\"the just one\") was an Iranian statesman who served as the \"vizier\" of the Buyid ruler Abu Kalijar from 1025/6 to 1041/2. Unlike the majority of the Buyid viziers, Bahram bore an Iranian name, and his father also had an Iranian name which was an Arabicized form of Mah-panah. Bahram was born at Kazerun in Fars in 976/7, and when he became older, he began serving the Buyids as a secretary, and"
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"Shacharit Shacharit ( \"šaḥăriṯ\"), or Shacharis in Ashkenazi Hebrew, is the morning Tefillah (prayer) of the Jewish people, one of the three daily prayers. Different traditions identify different primary components of Shacharit. Essentially all agree that Pesukei dezimra, the Shema and its blessings, and the Amidah are major sections. Some identify the preliminary blessings and readings, as a first, distinct section. Others say that Tachanun is a separate section, as well as the concluding blessings. On certain days, there are additional prayers and services added to Shacharit, including Mussaf and a Torah reading. Shacharit according to tradition was identified as a time of prayer by Abraham, as states, \"Abraham arose early in the morning,\" which traditionally is the first Shacharit. However, Abraham's prayer did not become a standardized prayer. The sages of the Great Assembly may have formulated blessings and prayers that later became part of Shacharit. However, the siddur, or prayerbook as we know it, was not fully formed until around the 7th century CE The prayers said still vary among congregations and Jewish communities. Shacharit was also instituted in part as a replacement of the daily morning Temple service after the destruction of the Temple. Shacharit comes from the Hebrew root (\"shakhar\"), meaning dawn. In Eastern Yiddish, praying is also identified by the verb \"daven\", which comes from the same Latin root as the English word \"divine.\" \"Davening Shacharit\" is the Yinglish term for doing the service. During or before Shacharit, Jews put on their tefillin and/or tallit, according to their tradition. Both actions are accompanied by blessings. Some do not eat until they have prayed. Traditionally, a series of introductory prayers are said as the start of Shacharit. The main pieces of these prayers are Pesukei dezimra, consisting of numerous psalms, hymns, and prayers. Pesukei dezimra is said so that an individual will have praised God before making requests, which might be considered rude. The Shema and its related blessings are said. One should \"concentrate on fulfilling the positive commandment of reciting the \"Shema\"\" before reciting it. One should be sure to say it clearly and not to slur words together. Shemoneh Esrei (The Amidah), a series of 19 blessings is recited. On Shabbat and Yom Tov, only 7 blessings are said. The blessings cover a variety of issues and ethics such as Jerusalem, crops, and prayer. Tachanun, a supplication consisting of a collection of passages from the Hebrew bible (Tanakh) is said. On Mondays and Thursdays, a longer version is recited. On other days, the extra parts are omitted. The main part of Tachanun is traditionally said with one's head resting on his or her arm. On certain days, there is a Torah reading at this point in the service. On most days, three aliyot are given as honors. Seven are given on Shabbat. The service concludes, typically with Adon Olam, Psalm of the Day, and Prayer for Peace. According to Jewish law, the earliest time to recite the morning service is when there is enough natural light \"one can see a familiar acquaintance six feet away.\" It is a subjective standard. After sunrise and before mid-day is the usual time for this prayer service. The latest time one may recite the morning service is astronomical noon referred to as \"chatzot.\" After that, the afternoon service can be recited; it is called mincha. Shacharit Shacharit ( \"šaḥăriṯ\"), or Shacharis in Ashkenazi Hebrew, is the morning Tefillah (prayer) of the Jewish people, one of the three daily prayers. Different traditions identify different primary components of Shacharit. Essentially all agree that Pesukei dezimra, the Shema and its blessings,"
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"National Old Trails Road National Old Trails Road, also known as the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway, was established in 1912, and became part of the National Auto Trail system in the United States. It was long and stretched from Baltimore, Maryland (some old maps indicate New York City was the actual eastern terminus), to California. Much of the route follows the old National Road and the Santa Fe Trail. The National Old Trails Road Association was formed in Kansas City in April 1912 to promote improvement of a transcontinental trail from Baltimore to Los Angeles, with branches to New York City and San Francisco. The name of the road signified that it followed several of the Nation's historic trails, including the National Road and the Santa Fe Trail (much of the road, from Colorado east, became U.S. 40 in 1926). Former Jackson County, Missouri Judge J. M. Lowe served as the Association’s president from its inception until his death in 1926. Judge Lowe had been a tireless proponent for good roads—despite the fact that, as he once told the Senate Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads, \"I do not even own an automobile, and would not know what the dickens to do with it if I had one.\" Under Judge Lowe, the association had become well respected among the groups aligned in the Good Roads Movement that had agitated since the 1890s for government involvement in improvement of the Nation's roads. In 1926, future President Harry S. Truman was named president of the National Old Trails Road Association. As the new president of the association, Truman periodically drove the National Old Trails Road from coast to coast and met with members of the association in each State to discuss improvement of their segments. He enjoyed the travels, but he missed his wife Bess and their young daughter Margaret, as reflected in the many letters he wrote to his wife while on the road. At one point, he told Bess, \"This is almost like campaigning for President, except that the people are making promises to me instead of the other way around.\" Truman's name would remain on the letterhead of the National Old Trails Road Association well into the late 1940s, listed as \"president\". One of Truman's accomplishments as president of the National Old Trails Road Association was his work with the Daughters of the American Revolution to place \"Madonna of the Trail\" statues in the 12 states along the National Old Trails Road. Conceived by Mrs. John Trigg Moss of the DAR, the statues are dedicated to the pioneer mothers of covered-wagon days. Each statue is 18 feet high, consisting of a 10-foot-high pioneer mother mounted on a base. The DAR describes the statue: \"The `Madonna of the Trail' is a pioneer clad in homespun, clasping her babe to her breast, with her young son clinging to her skirts. The face of the mother, strong in character, beauty and gentleness, is the face of a mother who realizes her responsibilities and trusts in God.\" Although the western half of the road was signed by the Automobile Club of Southern California in mid-1914, according to their in-house magazine Touring Topics, the routing remained under much discussion until 1917. In particular, the western alignment was debated, with an early proposed routing going through Phoenix, Arizona, and San Diego, California, up to San Francisco, California. Eventually, however, the alignment below was agreed upon, which followed earlier Indian trails, preexisting railroad tracks and, in some cases, new construction. Throughout its life, the road was upgraded and realigned in order to improve the route. But, by 1926, significant portions in the west remained difficult to drive on, and much remained unpaved. Only were paved in 1927. Most of the road that traversed the California desert was widened and paved (or \"oiled\") by the late '20s, reportedly by a process pioneered by a local road superintendent, and some of this blacktop still can be found to this day. In 1926, the section west of Las Vegas, New Mexico, to Los Angeles, California, was certified as U.S. Highway 66, (now better known as U.S. Route 66) by the AASHTO, as was a section in the St. Louis, Missouri area (Manchester Road). After U.S. Route 66 was decommissioned, in eastern California portions of the road were renamed with the old name, and signed accordingly. Most of the modern-day \"National Trails Highway\" follows latter-day U.S. Route 66, however, and not any of the alignments that actually were part of the original road (the main exception being the section of road between Barstow and Victorville, which follows the almost exact routing of the 1925 realignment of the road). The last alignment of National Old Trails Road in California (and the first alignment of U.S. Route 66) followed a distinct course from the modern-day route between Daggett and Essex, California, and now survives only as a series of now-disconnected jeep trails and abandoned tracks in various stages of decay. The modern-day Route 66 in California is a result of a series of realignments that were undertaken in the early 1930s. Cities along route (east to west): National Old Trails Road National Old Trails Road, also known as the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway, was established in 1912, and became part of the National Auto Trail system in the United States. It was long and stretched from Baltimore, Maryland (some old maps indicate New York City"
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"Senachwine Senachwine (Potawatomi: \"Znajjewan\", \"Difficult Current\") or Petchaho (supposedly from Potawatomi: \"Red Cedar\") (c. 1744-1831) was a 19th-century Illinois River Potawatomi chieftain. In 1815, he succeeded his brother Gomo as chieftain of their band and was one of the last major Potawatomi chieftains to live in the region. A number of places in Illinois are named in his honor including Senachwine Township in Putnam County, Illinois, Senachwine Creek, Senachwine Lake and the Lake Senachwine Reservoir. In April 1812, he and other Potawatomi chieftains met with Governor Ninian Edwards at Cahokia to discuss relations between the Potawatomi and the United States. Although opposed to an offensive war, Senachwine sided with Black Partridge during the Peoria War and commanded a sizable force during the conflict. He later accompanied the Potawatomi peace delegation who were escorted by Colonel George Davenport to St. Louis where a peace treaty was eventually signed. Around 1814, a mysterious Baptist preacher and missionary known as Wigby lived in his village. Wigby was allowed to baptize him and later converted Senachwine to Christianity. However, despite Wigby's attempts to dissuade him, Senachwine refused to give up polygamy and retained his several wives. After Wigby's death, he was buried on a high bluff overlooking Senachwine's village. He succeeded his brother Gomo as head chieftain of the Illinois River band and was a signatory of several treaties between the Potawatomi and the United States during the 1810s and 1820s. He and Black Partridge would remain the leading chieftains of the Potawatomi for over a decade before their positions of authority and influence were assumed by Shabbona. A year before his death, Senachwine believed that the Potawatomi nation, and eventually all Native Americans, would eventually become extinct. His son, Kaltoo (or Young Senachwine), succeeded him as chieftain after his death in the summer of 1831. He was buried on a high bluff overlooking the village, like the missionary Wigby years before, and a wooden monument was placed on his grave. A black flag was also flown from a high pole placed next to the monument and could be seen from the gravesite for several years afterwards. Two years later, his band were removed to the Indian Territory and eventually settled in western Kansas. In the summer of 1835, 23 Potawatomi warriors traveled over 500 miles to visit the gravesite of Senachwine. Their faces blackened and their heads wrapped in blankets, they performed a ritual invoking the Great Spirit to protect the gravesite and remains of the chieftain. According to a local resident observing the ceremony, the warriors spent several hours knelt around the gravesite as \"\"their wails and lamentations were heard far away\"\". The following morning they performed the \"dance of the dead\" which continued for several days before departing. A short time after, Senachwine's grave was robbed of its valuables including his tomahawk, rifle, several medals and other personal effects. The chieftains bones had also been scattered around the site. Members of his band returned to the site to rebury his remains and again placed a wooden monument over his grave. James R. Taliaferro, who had been present at the reburial, later built a cabin near the gravesite and claimed that \"\"Indians from the west at different times made a pilgrimage to the grave\"\". The Sons of the American Revolution chapter in Peoria, Illinois placed a bronze memorial plaque, engraved with his speech to Black Hawk pleading for peace prior to the Black Hawk War, at the supposed burial spot of Senachwine north of present-day Putnam County, Illinois on June 13, 1937. During the ceremony, an address was given by author P.G. Rennick. Five tribal members of the Potawatomi from Kansas were also in attendance during the ceremony. Senachwine Senachwine (Potawatomi: \"Znajjewan\", \"Difficult Current\") or Petchaho (supposedly from Potawatomi: \"Red Cedar\") (c. 1744-1831) was a 19th-century Illinois River Potawatomi chieftain. In 1815, he succeeded his brother Gomo as chieftain of their band and was one of the last major Potawatomi chieftains to live in the region. A number of places in Illinois are named in his honor including Senachwine Township in Putnam County, Illinois, Senachwine Creek, Senachwine Lake and the Lake Senachwine Reservoir. In April 1812, he and other Potawatomi chieftains met"
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"Kathiraon Kathiraon is a village in Pindra Tehsil of Varanasi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Kathiraon has its own gram panchayat in the same name as the village. The village is about north-west of Varanasi city, south-east of state capital Lucknow and south-east of the national capital Delhi. Kathiraon has a total population of 11,994 people amongst 1,823 families. The sex ratio of Kathiraon is 1,045 and child sex ratio is 910. The Uttar Pradesh state average for both ratios is 912 and 902 respectively. Kathiraon can be accessed by road and does not have a railway station of its own. The closest railway station to this village is Jalalganj railway station, which is north-east. The nearest operational airports are Varanasi airport, which is south-east, and Allahabad Airports, that lies west. Kathiraon Kathiraon is a village in Pindra Tehsil of Varanasi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Kathiraon has its own gram panchayat in the same name as the village. The village is about north-west of Varanasi city, south-east of state capital Lucknow and south-east of the national capital Delhi. Kathiraon has a total population of 11,994 people amongst 1,823 families. The sex ratio of"
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"retrieved": [
"Ed Freed Edwin Charles \"Ed\" Freed (August 22, 1919 – November 15, 2002) was a professional baseball player. Within an eleven-year span, Freed played eight seasons in the minor leagues, with a \"cup of coffee\" in Major League Baseball with the Philadelphia Phillies during the 1942 season. He was officially listed as standing and weighing . Freed was born on August 22, 1919, in Center Valley, Pennsylvania. Freed began his baseball career during the 1940 season in Trenton, New Jersey, playing for the class-B Trenton Senators at age 20. Under manager Goose Goslin, he batted .280 with 20 doubles, the second-highest total on the team. In the field, he played 110 games, making 212 putouts and 12 errors. The next year, Freed led Trenton with 124 games played and 136 hits. He was second on the team with 10 triples and third with 23 doubles. As a fielder, he reduced his number of errors to 5 and made 209 putouts. He moved to the Philadelphia Phillies-affiliated Trenton Packers in 1942, finishing second to Ed Murphy in at-bats (484), hits (120), doubles (15), triples (6), and home runs (3). He batted .248 and slugged .322 while playing in 131 games. He led all Packers outfielders in games played, putouts, and assists. After the conclusion of Trenton's season, Freed was called up to the Phillies. Freed played his first game for Philadelphia on September 11, 1942, playing the full 11 innings of a contest against the Cincinnati Reds. In six plate appearances, he notched four hits in five official at-bats, including two doubles and a triple. Although Freed, batting second, was on base five times (with one walk in addition to his four hits), his two runs scored were part of a losing effort, as Cincinnati won the game, 8–5. He added to his hit total in his second game the following day, collecting two more hits in five at-bats against the Reds. After getting another hit against the St. Louis Cardinals in the second game of September 13's doubleheader, the Redbirds held Freed hitless in a pinch-hitting appearance the next day. He played both games of a September 16 doubleheader, going a combined 1-for-8 between the two contests. Freed's next three games were shutout losses for the Phillies, one each to the Chicago Cubs, Brooklyn Dodgers, and New York Giants. His last major league hit came in the second game of a doubleheader against the Giants, an RBI single in a 9–1 Philadelphia victory. His final two games, both against Brooklyn, were hitless, leaving Freed with a final batting average of .303 for his brief major league career. After the season, Freed was called into military service working in a defense plant, and did not return to baseball until after the 1945 season. Freed returned to baseball in 1946, playing for manager Eddie Sawyer for the Utica Blue Sox. He batted .277 for Utica with seven doubles, one triple, and four home runs. He left affiliated baseball in 1947 to play three seasons for the class-B Rock Hill Chiefs. In his first year, he ranked third on the team in games played and at-bats, hitting 31 doubles, 5 triples, and 4 home runs. He batted .324, the team's best mark among fielders with more than 20 games played. The next year, he batted .303 for the Chiefs. In a team-high 558 at-bats, he reached double digits in all extra-base hit categories for the first time in his career, stroking 27 doubles, 13 triples, and 10 home runs, and reaching a slugging percentage of .452. His 148 hits in 1949 were again a team-best total—amassing him a .292 average—and 42 went for extra bases. He moved to the Charlotte Hornets, a Washington Senators affiliate, for the 1950 season, where he notched 25 extra-base hits in 440 at-bats in his final professional season. For his minor league career, Freed finished with a .288 batting average and 1,038 hits, including 172 doubles, 49 triples and 37 home runs. Freed died November 15, 2002, and was buried in Grand View Memorial Park in Rock Hill, South Carolina. Ed Freed Edwin Charles \"Ed\" Freed (August 22, 1919 – November 15, 2002) was a professional baseball player."
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"retrieved": [
"Fight Matrix Fight Matrix | MMA Rankings, Records, Statistics is an independent, comprehensive, mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter ranking system portal. It is one of the sport's most recognized ranking websites. According to FightMatrix: \"The rankings on this site are software generated, produced by a proprietary engine (CIRRS – Combat Intelli-Rating and Ranking System) and are based only on official results. There is no human intervention involved, which means that all bouts are considered in chronological order to determine the current rankings. The idea is to provide a list that is comparable to the “popular thought” without bias. However, there are some prediction-based elements. So in summary, you could say the system is a hybrid of popular thought and prediction analysis\". The website ranks both male and female MMA fighters from around the world, with up to 500 fighters listed per weight division. Including current and historical data and all-time mma rankings. It also provides detailed statistics of the Ultimate Fighting Championships (UFC). Based on its rankings, it annually names fighter awards in different categories such as: Fighter of the Year, Comeback Fighter of the Year, Rookies of the Year, etc. American and international MMA publications and organizations such as SB Nation's mmafighting.com and bloodyelbow.com, Bleacher Report, cagepages.com, Maximum Fighting Championship, visir.is, sport.pl, kumite.me, powerlifter.ru, fightnight.fi and mmanytt.se, have used or are using Fight Matrix ranking data. Fight Matrix Fight Matrix | MMA Rankings, Records, Statistics is an independent, comprehensive, mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter ranking system portal. It is one of the sport's most recognized ranking websites. According to FightMatrix: \"The rankings on this site are software generated, produced by a proprietary engine (CIRRS – Combat Intelli-Rating and Ranking System) and are based only on official results. There is no human intervention involved, which means that all bouts are"
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"retrieved": [
"ANCA (company) ANCA Pty Ltd (formerly Australian Numerical Control and Automation Pty Ltd) is an Australia company which designs and manufactures computer numerical controlled grinding machines. The company was founded in 1974 by Pat Boland and Pat McCluskey in Melbourne, Australia. ANCA has its headquarters and main manufacturing plant in Melbourne where it employs about 400 people (2012). Since 2006 two additional plants have been opened in Thailand and Taiwan. The company is export-oriented and has expanded its operations by opening sales offices in nine other countries (2006 data) throughout America, Europe and Asia. In 2006 it won three Governor of Victoria Export Awards, and was reported to be a leader in its field of high-end precision grinders that are used in many industries including aeronautics and automotive production. The company produces a range of computer numerical control (CNC) tool and cutter grinders to meet large-scale manufacturing and entry-level production requirements. The company also produces medical and dental drills. ANCA has exported approximately 4000 machines, and was named Australian Exporter of the Year in 1999. The company is also the world’s leading manufacturer of CNC Tool and Cutter Grinders. Its new subsidiary, ANCA Motion, is supplying computer controls to other Australian manufacturers and exporting to China and Taiwan. ANCA designs and manufactures its own machines. Machines produced include: ANCA CNC machines are commonly used for the following applications: ANCA has won over 25 industry awards, including Australian Exporter of the Year in 1999 and the Institution of Engineers Australia - Engineering Excellence Award in 2001. ANCA (company) ANCA Pty Ltd (formerly Australian Numerical Control and Automation Pty Ltd) is an Australia company which designs and manufactures computer numerical controlled grinding machines. The company was founded in 1974 by Pat Boland and Pat McCluskey in Melbourne, Australia. ANCA has its headquarters"
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"retrieved": [
"Batoi Systems Batoi Systems Private Limited is a global cloud computing company headquartered in Bhubaneswar, India. Batoi has been profiled as one of the top 20 cloud computing companies by silicon review magazine and profiled among the 50 Most Promising Big Data Companies by CIO Review Batoi has a cloud platform to create and use apps and websites. The products include as below It is a private cloud container to run pre-built Apps and to use custom apps Used to create custom IT on cloud and manage them. Used to custom build software systems with PHP and associated technologies. Below are the hosting services Batoi provides All Batoi's cloud products are white-labeled at their core and can be re-branded by partners on their portals, and in their offerings. It is a news, pages and a marketplace portal where businesses can promote their business. List their business on Batoi pages, connect with potential customers and also sell their products in the available marketplace. It creates a full eco-system for the businesses to publish, promote and transact. Batoi Systems Batoi Systems Private Limited is a global cloud computing company headquartered in Bhubaneswar, India. Batoi has been profiled as one of the top"
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"retrieved": [
"Believers Church Residential School Believers Church Residential School (BCRS) is a co-educational institution located in Kizhakkan Muthoor, Thiruvalla at a distance of 2 km from the town, and is affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi. The school, BCRS, was started in 2002 by the Believers Church India. The school is situated in 3.45 acres of property. As a CBSE school, cell phones are prohibited for the students on the campus, and may only be used by the staff. The rule is strictly enforced, along with the ban on all electronics such as laptops and iPods, with any violation resulting in permanent confiscation of any caught object. BCRS has a group of teachers. The school provides transportation facility for the students with a fleet of 21 buses and covering 25 km of radius. The school offers classes from Play School to 12th. 3 Streams are available in 12th :- The school is residential-cum-day school. It houses separate hostel accommodation for boys and girls. Outdoor games likes football, basketball, volleyball, throwball and Indoor games like Table Tennis, Badminton, Chess, Caroms and Kabaddi are provided. The school also has a Swimming Pool, Dance Room, Music Rooms and a Nurse Room in case of emergency. The school is run by the Believers Church Education Board. Students are divided into five:- Successful students of the secondary school are given admission to the senior secondary which lasts for two years. The following combinations are offered for the senior school. Believers Church Residential School Believers Church Residential School (BCRS) is a co-educational institution located in Kizhakkan Muthoor, Thiruvalla at a distance of 2 km from the town, and is affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi. The school, BCRS, was started in 2002 by the Believers Church India. The school is situated"
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"retrieved": [
"Barbara Justice Barbara J. Justice-Muhammad is a forensic and clinical psychiatrist as well as a surgical oncologist. The first African-American woman to be trained in general surgery at Columbia University Medical Center. She has worked at Harlem Hospital, Abundant Life Clinic and at Memorial Sloane Kettering sites in New York. She is well known for her long-running New York radio show, \"Medical View and You,\" and was honored in 1996 when Mayor David Dinkins proclaimed a citywide \"Barbara Justice Day\" for her contribution to the health of the community. Justice received a BA form the City University of New York, and did Post BA/ Pre Med studies at both Columbia University and Connecticut College. Upon attaining her MD from Howard University College of Medicine in Washington DC in 1977, she had an interest in pursuing both surgery and psychiatry, and intended to eventually practice both. While at Howard, she became pregnant with her son, Kamao Justice Douglas, but refused to quit school. Justice never joined the Nation of Islam in 1994. She states that she felt isolated until she received support from the Nation of Islam and people began to think that she had actually joined when she began researching the origin of the AIDS virus with medical members of the organization. Dr.Justice advocated vigorously for the National Institute of Health to focus on better treatments for the AIDS epidemic that was ravaging the Black and Gay communities. The high dose, ill-conceived Zidovudine (AZT) treatment was causing patients to rapidly decompensate and die. She eventually became an investigative researcher for NIH after becoming involved with a search for better treatment. Many felt that origin and handling of AIDS required investigation in light of historical data on contagious diseases and the institutional mishandling of deadly biologics. An example was the Tuskegee Study, where Black patients who had syphilis were left untreated to spread the virus for more than thirty years. Many in the Black community and others felt that AIDS might be a \"plot to exterminate blacks,\" and theorized that greater amounts of melanin in the black population \"made them more vulnerable to AIDS.\" In August 1990, Dr.Justice, along with Gary Byrd, visited Nairobi to learn more about experimental treatments for AIDS. Dr. Justice, along with her colleagues, worked with the National Institutes of Health in 1992 to set up trials for oral interferons to treat AIDS. In her treatment of AIDS, she advocated the use of oral interferons, such as Kemron, in order to treat AIDS. According to a Nation of Islam doctor, 82% of the patients with AIDS who were treated with interferons at the Abundant Life clinic \"experienced increased appetite and other improvement.\" Dr. Justice also arranged for AIDS patients in New York to go to Nairobi in order to receive Kemron treatments. Dr.Justice believed that other treatments, such as AZT, were actually poisons. Despite the NIH's criticism of Kemron, Dr.Justice continued promoting it, feeling that there was a reluctance to explore and include black research. She also believed that the \"white conservative medical profession\" needed to deal with the fact that statistically, more black people were infected with AIDS worldwide than other groups. She is referenced in the autobiography of Arthur Ashe when he described his battle with the deadly disease. Dr.Justice treated many notable people for many different illness. Not just the AIDS virus. She was Stokely Carmichael's personal physician. She treated him for a duodenal ulcer in 1988 and Carmichael called her a \"kindred spirit.\" Later, she diagnosed him with cancer. As surgeon, Dr. Justice was the attending physician at Tupac Shakur’s first shooting and oversaw his recovery. Barbara Justice Barbara J. Justice-Muhammad is a forensic and clinical psychiatrist as well as a surgical oncologist. The first African-American woman to be trained in general surgery at Columbia University Medical Center. She has worked at Harlem Hospital, Abundant Life Clinic and at Memorial Sloane Kettering sites in New York. She is well known for her long-running New York radio show, \"Medical View and You,\" and was honored in 1996 when Mayor David Dinkins proclaimed a citywide \"Barbara Justice Day\" for her contribution to the health of the community. Justice received a BA form the City University"
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"retrieved": [
"From the Vaults (The Beau Brummels album) From the Vaults is a compilation album by American rock band The Beau Brummels. It was released in 1982 by Rhino Records, and reissued in 1999 by One Way Records. The album contains 14 songs, including rare or previously unreleased material recorded by the band between 1964 and 1966. \"From the Vaults\", a collection of rarities, demos and previously unreleased material, was assembled and issued by Rhino Records in 1982. The tracks were recorded by the Beau Brummels from 1964 to 1966, when the band was signed to Autumn Records. Songs on the album include \"Gentle Wandering Ways\", a song that had been rejected as a single, an extended version of \"Sad Little Girl\", the B-side of the 1965 single \"Good Time Music\", and the Declan Mulligan-sung version of \"Woman\", a song previously only available in the 1965 film \"Village of the Giants\". More than half of the album's 14 songs later appeared on the 1994 \"Autumn of Their Years\" compilation album. Allmusic's Richie Unterberger said that the Ron Elliott compositions are \"easily up to the standard of the ones that made it onto their first two LPs\", and described \"From the Vaults\" as \"achingly tuneful folk rock\", while noting \"a few cuts ... hint at the country rock direction (the band) would take in the late 60s\". Bruce Eder, also of Allmusic, remarked that the material on the album \"rival(s) the best contemporary work of The Byrds and nudg(es) up alongside the likes of The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and The Kinks for listening time\". Eder added that the album is \"essential listening for anyone interested\" in folk rock, garage rock, or music of the 1960s. From the Vaults (The Beau Brummels album) From the Vaults is a compilation album by American"
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"retrieved": [
"Cheeky Weekly Cheeky Weekly was a British comic book magazine published every Monday by IPC Magazines Ltd. It ran for 117 issues from (issues dates) 22 October 1977 to 2 February 1980, failing to be published for 3 weeks in December 1978 due to an industrial dispute. It merged with stable-mate \"Whoopee!\", initially as a 16-page pull-out section. The title character originated in an earlier comic called \"Krazy\" as a character in the strip The Krazy Gang and also the star of the 'Ello, It's Cheeky feature, and proved popular enough to get his own comic, which managed to outlive \"Krazy\" itself. The first issue came with a free \"Red Jet Rattler\" (a build-it-yourself model aeroplane). Its characters and strips included: This was a parody of a well known 1970s TV show. For many of the later issues of Cheeky his unnamed pet snail had the back page and met other garden creatures to exchange jokes. The lead character Cheeky was portrayed in a red and black striped sweater with a large C on the chest. At one point the comic gave away a free knitting pattern so readers could knit their own (or get their mums to knit one for them). One unusual aspect of \"Cheeky Weekly\" compared to its contemporaries was that the title character appeared in more than one strip. A typical issue would follow \"Cheeky\" through the week from Sunday through to the following Saturday in a series of one- or two-page strips. Often not so much a narrative as a series of random gags each episode was designed to lead into the ‘support’ strip which followed. Some notable examples include: On Wednesdays, Cheeky babysat for Baby Burpo, a mischievous child similar to \"Whoopee!\"’s \"Sweeny Toddler\". Cheeky would read him a tongue-in-cheek ghost story in the hope of scaring the kid but this invariably backfired and Cheeky would end up running home in terror as if pursued by whatever menace had featured in that week's story. Initially on Saturdays, Cheeky attended a Saturday morning picture show at his local cinema where he saw a cartoon (often represented by a strip featuring Warner Brothers cartoon characters) followed by a drama serial, while exchanging jokes with his friends in the interval. After just over a year the cinema feature was dropped and subsequent issues showed Cheeky pursuing a variety of weekend activities instead. \"Cheeky Chit-Chat\" was the readers' letter pages. Any reader who had their letter printed received £2 and a \"Friend of Cheeky\" badge. The \"Joke-Box Jury\" page gave the readers a chance to send in jokes, with a prize of £2 if their joke was published. For the first \"Whoopee!\" merged issue, \"Cheeky\" had the middle 16 pages (half the comic). Cheeky himself had 4 pages. \"Six Million Dollar Gran\", renamed \"Robot Granny\" had 2 pages. \"Calculator Kid\" had 1 page. \"Stage School\" also had 2 pages. \"Paddywack\" had half a page. The letters page was renamed \"Whoopee Chit-Chat\" and usually occupied one and a half pages (the prize was £2 plus a Whoopee! logo'd T-shirt. \"Mustapha Million\" had 2 pages, though in 1981 many of these were reprints. On the 16 February 1980 issue a brand new single page comic strip \"Chip\" began. The other pages had advertising. The last issue of \"Whoopee!\" to feature the \"Cheeky\" logo on the cover was dated 25 July 1981. The \"Whoopee!\" dated 5 September 1981 was the last to feature a 4-page \"Cheeky\" story and hereafter the Cheeky's comic strips were distributed throughout the comic (rather than the 16 central pages). Cheeky Weekly Cheeky Weekly was a British"
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"retrieved": [
"Martin Durkin (director) Martin Richard Durkin (born 23 January 1962 in South Shields) is an English television producer and director, particularly on Britain's Channel 4. Durkin is managing director of Wag TV, a television production company. He has produced, directed and executive-produced programmes covering the arts, science, history, entertainment, features and social documentaries. Formerly connected to the now defunct Revolutionary Communist Party, a number of his documentaries have caused controversies, including those critical of environmentalism. He has been described as \"the scourge of the greens\" and \"one of the environmentalists' favourite hate figures\". In 1997, Channel 4 broadcast Durkin's documentary series \"Against Nature\", which criticized the environmental movement for being a threat to personal freedom and for crippling economic development. The UK's then broadcasting regulator the Independent Television Commission received 151 complaints from viewers and interviewees featured in the programme with four complaints upheld. In its report on the series, the ITC rejected 147 complaints that mainly were concerned with fairness and misrepresentation, stating that \"the programmes' line that green ideologies were, at least in some respects, open to criticism on both scientific and humanitarian grounds, was a legitimate approach\". It stated that environmentalists had been permitted a fair chance to air their side of the story in the televised debates that followed the broadcast. The ITC stated that four complaints were upheld because: \"the programmes breached the Programme Code in respect of the failure to make the four interviewees adequately aware of the nature of the programmes, and the way their contributions were edited.\" For these reasons, Channel 4 later issued a public apology on prime time television. According to \"The Independent\", Durkin \"accepts the charge of misleading contributors, but describes the verdict of distortion as 'complete tosh'\". Durkin produced 2 documentaries for Channel 4's science strand \"Equinox\". In 1998 he produced \"Storm in a D-Cup\", which argued - before some national health authorities- that the medical dangers of silicone breast implants had been exaggerated for political reasons and highlighting evidence that implants may even carry medical benefits; and in 2000 he produced \"The Rise and Fall of GM\". The 1998 documentary on breast implants was originally developed for the BBC but was eventually produced for Channel 4 after the BBC declined to commission it; the BBC's in-house researcher concluded that Durkin had ignored evidence contradicting his claims in the programme. Criticising the programme, environmental activist and writer George Monbiot wrote \"Neither Martin Durkin nor, extraordinarily, Charles Furneaux, the commissioning editor of the science series \"Equinox\", has a science background. They don't need one, for science on Channel 4 has been reduced to a crude manifesto for corporate libertarianism.\" This documentary, which argues in favour of genetic modification, was broadcast on Channel 4 on March 20, 2000, also met with complaints. Environmentalist activists organised a campaign in an effort to discredit the film. A joint letter signed by a number of scientists from the Third World was issued in protest of Durkin's claims in this documentary. Dr. Mae-Wan Ho, a scientist featured on the programme, later said of her participation in the programme: \"I feel completely betrayed and misled. They did not tell me it was going to be an attack on my position.\" However, although broadcasting regulator Ofcom received 17 complaints about the programme none was upheld; Ofcom concluded that 'although the programme set out to be a critical analysis of the case against GM, it nevertheless gave opportunity for a number of anti-GM speakers to explain their views clearly and fairly.' Ofcom review of complaints against Martin Durkin, ofcom.org.uk; accessed 20 December 2015. \"The Great Global Warming Swindle\" was a 2007 documentary film that premiered on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom on March 8, 2007 and was subsequently criticised by the British media regulator Ofcom. The film features scientists and others who are sceptical that global warming is caused by human activity. The second part of the programme examines the conditions under which one of the current theories was developed. It focuses on political pressures on those who speak out against the supposed anthropogenic causes of global warming, some of the reasons for the wide adoption of this view and the factors leading to its original development. The film also interviews sceptics who are critical of environmental policies they view as holding back developing nations from industrialising. The film has drawn widespread complaints from some in the scientific community, citing numerous errors and misleading claims. Professor Carl Wunsch who appeared on the programme has since repudiated the film, and described it \"as close to propaganda as anything since World War II\". Durkin responded that Wunsch had been told very explicitly the nature of the programme and now appeared to be back-tracking. The film was praised by critics of the scientific consensus on global warming, including Andrew Bolt, Dominic Lawson and Steven Milloy, and Durkin's work has been defended in an interview in \"Spiked\". It later emerged that Durkin had fallen out with geneticist Armand Leroi (whom Durkin was due to make a documentary with), after Leroi questioned the accuracy of the data used in the film in an email to Durkin. Leroi copied the e-mail to various colleagues including Guardian journalist and Bad Science columnist Ben Goldacre and science writer and mathematics expert Simon Singh. Durkin replied to Leroi copying in the others with the single sentence: \"You're a big daft cock.\" Singh then sent an email to Durkin that said: \"I have not paid the same attention to your programme as Armand has done, but from what I did see it is an irresponsible piece of film-making. If you can send me a copy of the programme then I will examine it in more detail and give you a more considered response...it would be great if you could engage in the debate rather just resorting to one line replies.\" Durkin responded: \"The IPCC's own figures show the hottest year in the past ten was 1998, and the temp has been flat-lining now for five years. If it's greenhouse gas causing the warming the rate of warming should be higher in the troposphere than on the surface. The opposite is the case. The ice core data shows that temperature change causes the level of atmospheric CO2 to change - not the other way round. Why have we not heard this in the hours and hours of shit programming on global warming shoved down our throats by the BBC?\", and concluded with, \"Never mind a bit of irresponsible film-making. Go and fuck yourself.\" Durkin later apologised for his language, saying that he had sent the e-mails when tired and had just finished making the programme, and that he was \"eager to have all the science properly debated with scientists qualified in the right areas.\" The film was awarded the Best Documentary trophy at the Io Isabella film festival and was shortlisted for the Best Documentary prize in the British television industry's 2008 Broadcast Awards. An official judgement issued on 21 July 2008 by the British media regulator Ofcom found that the programme \"did not fulfill obligations to be impartial and to reflect a range of views on controversial issues\". It upheld complaints by Sir David King that his views had been misrepresented, and Carl Wunsch, on the points that he had been misled as to its intent, and that the impression had been given that he agreed with the programme's position on climate change. However, the regulator said that because \"the link between human activity and global warming... became settled before March 2007\" the audience was not \"materially misled so as to cause harm or",
"the Io Isabella film festival and was shortlisted for the Best Documentary prize in the British television industry's 2008 Broadcast Awards. An official judgement issued on 21 July 2008 by the British media regulator Ofcom found that the programme \"did not fulfill obligations to be impartial and to reflect a range of views on controversial issues\". It upheld complaints by Sir David King that his views had been misrepresented, and Carl Wunsch, on the points that he had been misled as to its intent, and that the impression had been given that he agreed with the programme's position on climate change. However, the regulator said that because \"the link between human activity and global warming... became settled before March 2007\" the audience was not \"materially misled so as to cause harm or offence\". Ofcom declined to rule on the accuracy of the programme, saying: \"It is not within Ofcom's remit or ability in this case as the regulator of the 'communications industry' to establish or seek to adjudicate on 'facts' such as whether global warming is a man-made phenomenon\". In 2010 Durkin made a programme called \"Britain's Trillion Pound Horror Story\" for Channel 4. Ostensibly about Britain's national debt, the film makes a case for lower taxes, a smaller public sector and a free-market economy. The film argues that Hong Kong's social and economic success is attributable to the positive non-interventionism implemented in 1971 by John James Cowperthwaite. In the film, Durkin argued that increasing public spending would stunt the economy instead of reviving it. The film featured Nigel Lawson, Geoffrey Howe, Brendan Barber and Alastair Darling. In 2016 Durkin made a documentary film called \"\", about that year's referendum on EU membership, arguing for a vote to Leave. The film had a budget of £100,000, funded by crowdfunding. Martin Durkin has executive produced a wide range of programmes. Productions include: \"The Naked Pilgrim\", an architectural travelogue that followed art critic Brian Sewell's pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela; produced for UK's Channel Five it won the Sandford St. Martin Trust award for best programme in 2004; \"Face of Britain\" for Channel 4, a 3 part series presented by Neil Oliver, which looked at the Wellcome Trust's DNA project profiling the ancestry of various British communities; \"How Do They Do It?\", an engineering series for Discovery Channel; \"Secret Intersex\", a 2-part series about intersexuality for Channel 4, which was short listed for Best Science Programme in the 2004 Royal Television Society awards. Martin Durkin (director) Martin Richard Durkin (born 23 January 1962 in South Shields) is an English television producer and director, particularly on Britain's Channel 4. Durkin is managing director of Wag TV, a television production company. He has produced, directed and executive-produced programmes covering the arts, science, history, entertainment, features and social documentaries."
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"Michael (poem) \"Michael\" is a pastoral poem, written by William Wordsworth in 1800 and first published in the 1800 edition of \"Lyrical Ballads\". The poem is one of Wordsworth's best known poems and the subject of much critical literature. It tells the story of an aging shepherd, Michael, his wife, and his only child Luke. Michael lost half his land when he used it as a surety for a nephew who had met with financial misfortune. When Luke reaches the age of 18, Michael sends Luke to stay in London with a merchant that he might learn a trade and acquire sufficient wealth to regain the land that Michael has lost. It breaks Michael's heart to send Luke away and he makes Luke lay the first stone of a sheepfold as a covenant between them that Luke will return. However, Luke is corrupted in the city and is forced to flee the country and Michael must live out his life without his son. He returns sometimes to the sheepfold but no longer has the heart to complete it. The epigraph of George Eliot's \"Silas Marner\" is taken from the poem. The story of \"Michael\" may derive in part from the famous Parable of the Prodigal Son in the Bible. Michael (poem) \"Michael\" is a pastoral poem, written by William Wordsworth in 1800 and first published in the 1800 edition of \"Lyrical Ballads\". The poem is one of Wordsworth's best known poems and the subject of much critical literature. It tells the story of an aging shepherd, Michael, his wife, and his only child Luke. Michael lost half his land when he used it as a surety for a nephew who had met with financial misfortune. When Luke reaches the age of 18, Michael sends Luke to stay in London with"
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"retrieved": [
"In May 1979, Phoolan is abducted by Babu Gujjar (Anirudh Agarwal). Gujjar is a physically imposing man and a ruthless, predatory mercenary. Although Gujjar's lieutenant Vikram is sympathetic towards Phoolan, Gujjar indiscriminately brutalizes and humiliates her, until one day Vikram catches him raping her (yet again) and shoots him in the head. Vikram takes over the gang, and his empathy for Phoolan eventually grows into a mutually respectful mature adult relationship. Around this time, Phoolan revisits her former husband Puttilal, and with Vikram's help, abducts him and exacts her justice for his rape and abuse, beating him up. She shares her closure with Vikram. \n Although Phoolan Devi is a heroine in the film, she fiercely disputed its accuracy and fought to get it banned in India. She even threatened to immolate herself outside a theater if the film were not withdrawn. Eventually, she withdrew her objections after the producer Channel 4 paid her £40,000. Author-activist Arundhati Roy in her film review entitled, \"The Great Indian Rape Trick\", questioned the right to \"restage the rape of a living woman without her permission\", and charged Shekhar Kapur with exploiting Phoolan Devi and misrepresenting both her life and its meaning. \n The film opens in the summer of 1968 at a small village in Uttar Pradesh. Phoolan is married to a twenty-something fellow called Puttilal (Aditya Shrivastava). Though child marriages are customary during that time, Phoolan's mother Moola (Savitri Raekwar) objects to the timing of the match. Phoolan's aging father Devideen (Ram Charan Nirmalker) conforming to his culture, regrettably disagrees, and Phoolan is sent off with Puttilal. \n Phoolan is exposed to some sexual and exploitative abuses, including the caste system. (Phoolan's family as well as Puttilal's family belong to the lower ranked Mallah sub caste; the higher ranked Thakur caste takes the lead in social and political situations.) Puttilal is physically and sexually abusive, and Phoolan eventually runs away and returns home. As Phoolan grows older, she faces incidents of (non-consensual) fondling and groping from the Thakur men (whose parents make up the panchayat or village government). At the next town meeting, the panchayat wield their patriarchal authority to banish Phoolan from the village, since she will not consent to the sexual advances of the higher caste males, who treat her like sub-human chattel. \n The manhunt claims many lives in Phoolan's gang. They are ultimately forced to hide out in the rugged ravines of Chambal without any food or water. Phoolan evaluates her options and decides to surrender. Her terms are to have her remaining mates protected and provided for (the women and children in particular). The film ends with Phoolan's surrender in February 1983. The end credits indicate that all the charges against her were withdrawn (including the charges of murder at Behmai), and that she was released in 1994. \n * Seema Biswas as Phoolan Devi \n * Nirmal Pandey as Vikram Mallah \n * Aditya Shrivastava as Puttilal \n * Ram Charan Nirmalker as Devideen \n * Savitri Raekwaras Moola \n * Gajraj Rao as Ashok Chand Thakur (Sarpanch's Son) \n * Saurabh Shukla as Kailash \n * Seema Biswas as Phoolan Devi \n * Raghuvir Yadav as Madho \n * Rajesh Vivek as Baba Mustakim \n * Anirudh Agarwal as Babu Gujjar \n * Govind Namdeo as Thakur Shri Ram \n * Shekhar Kapur as a lorry driver in a cameo role \n * Anil Sahu as Dhanua Gangster With Vikram Mallaah. \n\n\n Accordingly, Phoolan lives with her cousin Kailash (Saurabh Shukla). En route to another village, she encounters a troop of dakus (bandits) of the Babu Gujjar gang, led by Vikram Mallah Mastana (Nirmal Pandey). Phoolan stays with Kailash for a while, but is eventually compelled to leave. Angry and hopeless, Phoolan goes to the local police to try to have her ban lifted, but she is beaten, molested, and arrested by the police, who rape her while in custody. The Thakurs put up bail and have her released. But, unknown to her, the bail is a bribe (paid, through the police, to Babu Gujjar's gang), and Babu Gujjar arrives to collect his prize. \n Bandit Queen \n--- \nFilm poster \nबैंडिट क्वीन \nDirected by | Shekhar Kapur \nProduced by | Bobby Bedi \nWritten by | Ranjit Kapoor (dialogue) Mala Sen \nStarring | \n\n * Manoj Bajpayee \n * Nirmal Pandey \n * Seema Biswas \n\n \nMusic by | Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Roger White \nCinematography | Ashok Mehta \nEdited by | Renu Saluja \nProduction company | Kaleidoscope Entertainment, Channel4 \nDistributed by | Koch Vision, USA 2004 (DVD) \nRelease date | \n\n * 26 January 1994 (1994-01-26) \n * * * * \n \nRunning time | 119 minutes \nCountry | India \nLanguage | Hindi \n A severely traumatised Phoolan returns to her cousin Kailash. She recovers gradually, and seeks out Man Singh (Manoj Bajpai), an old friend of Vikram Mallah. Man Singh brings her to another large gang, led by Baba Mustakim (Rajesh Vivek). She relates her history to Baba and asks him for some men and weapons to form a gang. Baba Mustakim agrees, and Man Singh and Phoolan become the leaders for the new gang. \n Bandit Queen is a 1994 Indian biographical film based on the life of Phoolan Devi as covered in the book India's Bandit Queen:The True Story of Phoolan Devi by the Indian author Mala Sen. It was directed by Shekhar Kapur and starred Seema Biswas as the title character. The music was composed by Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi, Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie and Best Direction for that year. The film was premiered in the Directors' Fortnight section of the 1994 Cannes Film Festival, and was screened at the Edinburgh Film Festival. The film was selected as the Indian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 67th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. \n Phoolan leads her new gang with courage, generosity, humility and shrewdness. Her stockpile and her legend grows. She becomes known as Phoolan Devi, the bandit queen. In February 1981, Baba Mustakim informs her of a large wedding in Behmai, with Thakur Shri Ram in attendance. As Phoolan departs, Baba Mustakim warns her to remain low key. Phoolan attacks the wedding party and her gang exacts revenge from the entire Thakur clan of Behmai. They round up the men and beat them up. Many of the men are finally shot. This act of vengeance brings her to the attention of the national law enforcement authorities (in New Delhi). The top police officials now begin a massive manhunt for Phoolan, and Thakur Shri Ram relishes the opportunity to come to their aid. \n All goes well until Thakur Shri Ram (Govind Namdeo) is released from prison. Thakur Shri Ram is the real gang leader (boss of the erstwhile Gujjar). Shri Ram returns to his gang and while Vikram receives him with respect, Shri Ram bristles at Vikram's egalitarian leadership style and covets Phoolan. In August 1980, Shri Ram arranges to have Vikram assassinated, and abducts Phoolan, bringing her to the village of Behmai. Phoolan is repeatedly raped and beaten by Shri Ram and by the rest of the gang members, as punishment for her \"disrespect\" for his previous advances, and for her audacity at being an equal. The stunning and disturbing final humiliation and punishment is that she is stripped, paraded around Behmai, beaten and sent to fetch water from the well (in full view of the village). \n * 1995:National Film Award \n * Best Feature Film in Hindi \n * Best Actress:Seema Biswas \n * Best Costume Design:Dolly Ahluwalia \n * 1995:Filmfare Award \n * Critics Award for Best Movie \n * 1997:Filmfare Award \n * Best Director:Shekhar Kapur \n * Best Cinematographer:Ashok Mehta \n * Best Female Debut:Seema Biswas \n\n\n * Manoj Bajpayee as Man Singh"
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"Jon Rudnitsky Jon Rudnitsky (born November 22, 1989) is an American actor and comedian who was a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" for the 2015-2016 season. Rudnitsky is a native of Harrington Park, New Jersey. His mother, Karen, is in charge of the gerontology center at Valley Hospital in Ridgewood. He attended Northern Valley Regional High School at Old Tappan. He subsequently studied acting at the University of Southern California. His uncle (mother's brother) is Michael Oren, the former Israeli Ambassador to the United States. Rudnitsky is Jewish. Rudnitsky performed with the Groundlings. On August 31, 2015, it was announced that Rudnitsky would join the cast of \"Saturday Night Live\" as a featured player for the show's forty-first season. In the third episode of that season, Rudnitsky portrayed Anderson Cooper in a sketch, acting as moderator for a Democratic presidential debate, for which he was criticized by Cooper. He has also done impressions of Wolf Blitzer, John Mayer, Martin Scorsese, Tom Cruise, and Vladimir Putin (in a dress rehearsal sketch on the episode hosted by Donald Trump), while also doing a Dirty Dancing sketch for Weekend Update, which was seen as one of his high points of the season. On August 9, 2016, Rudnitsky departed the show. In 2017, Rudnitsky starred alongside Reese Witherspoon in the romantic comedy film \"Home Again\". In 2018 Jon played Mike in the Netflix release \"Set It Up\". He has been announced as starring alongside Jane Lynch and Genevieve Angelson in the NBC pilot \"Relatively Happy.\" Jon Rudnitsky Jon Rudnitsky (born November 22, 1989) is an American actor and comedian who was a cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" for the 2015-2016 season. Rudnitsky is a native of Harrington Park, New Jersey. His mother, Karen, is in charge of the gerontology center at Valley"
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"Sioux The Sioux (), also known as Očhéthi Šakówiŋ, are groups of Native American tribes and First Nations peoples in North America. The term can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or to any of the nation's many language dialects. The Sioux comprise three major divisions based on language divisions: the Dakota, Lakota and Nakota. The Santee Dakota (\"Isáŋyathi\"; \"Knife\") reside in the extreme east of the Dakotas, Minnesota and northern Iowa. The Yankton and Yanktonai Dakota (\"Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋ\" and \"Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋna\"; \"Village-at-the-end\" and \"Little village-at-the-end\"), collectively also referred to by the endonym \"Wičhíyena\", reside in the Minnesota River area. They are considered to be the middle Sioux, and have in the past been erroneously classified as Nakota. The actual Nakota are the Assiniboine and Stoney of Western Canada and Montana. The Lakota, also called Teton (\"Thítȟuŋwaŋ\"; possibly \"Dwellers on the prairie\"), are the westernmost Sioux, known for their hunting and warrior culture. Today, the Sioux maintain many separate tribal governments scattered across several reservations, communities, and reserves in North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, and Montana in the United States; and Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, and Alberta in Canada. The historical Sioux refer to the Great Sioux Nation as the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (pronounced ), meaning \"Seven Council Fires\"). Each fire is a symbol of an oyate (people or nation). Today the seven nations that comprise the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ are the Teton (Thítȟuŋwaŋ), Santee (Bdewákaŋthuŋwaŋ, Waȟpéthuŋwaŋ, Waȟpékhute, and Sisíthuŋwaŋ) and Yankton/Yanktonai (Iháŋkthuŋwaŋ and Iháŋkthuŋwaŋna) divisions and are also known as the Lakota, Eastern Dakota, or Western Dakota as based upon dialect differences. In any of the three main dialects, Lakota or Dakota translates to mean \"friend\" or \"ally\" referring to the alliances between the bands. The name \"Sioux\" was adopted in English by the 1760s from French. It is abbreviated from \"Nadouessioux\", first attested by Jean Nicolet in 1640. The name is sometimes said to be derived from an Ojibwe exonym for the Sioux meaning \"little snakes\" (compare \"nadowe\" \"big snakes\", used for the Iroquois). The spelling in \"-x\" is due to the French plural marker. The Proto-Algonquian form \"*na·towe·wa\", meaning \"Northern Iroquoian\", has reflexes in several daughter languages that refer to a small rattlesnake (massasauga, \"Sistrurus\"). An alternative explanation is derivation from an (Algonquian) exonym \" na·towe·ssiw\" (plural \" na·towe·ssiwak\"), from a verb \"*-a·towe·\" meaning \"to speak a foreign language\". The current Ojibwe term for the Sioux and related groups is \"Bwaanag\" (singular \"Bwaan\"), meaning \"roasters\". Presumably, this refers to the style of cooking the Sioux used in the past. In recent times, some of the tribes have formally or informally reclaimed traditional names: the Rosebud Sioux Tribe is also known as the \"Sičháŋǧu Oyáte\", and the Oglala often use the name \"Oglála Lakȟóta Oyáte\", rather than the English \"Oglala Sioux Tribe\" or OST. The alternative English spelling of Ogallala is considered improper. The Sioux are divided into three ethnic groups, the larger of which are divided into sub-groups, and further branched into bands. The earliest known European record of the Sioux identified them in Minnesota, Iowa, and Wisconsin. After the introduction of the horse in the early 18th century, the Sioux dominated larger areas of land—from present day Central Canada to the Platte River, from Minnesota to the Yellowstone River, including the Powder River country. The Sioux maintain many separate tribal governments scattered across several reservations and communities in North America: in the Dakotas, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Montana in the United States; and in Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan and Alberta in Canada. Today, many Sioux also live outside their reservations. The Santee migrated north and westward from the Southeastern United States, first into Ohio, then to Minnesota. Some came up from the Santee River and Lake Marion, area of South Carolina. The Santee River was named after them, and some of their ancestors' ancient earthwork mounds have survived along the portion of the dammed-up river that forms Lake Marion. In the past, they were a Woodland people who thrived on hunting, fishing and farming. Migrations of Ojibwe from the east in the 17th and 18th centuries, with muskets supplied by the French and British, pushed the Dakota further into Minnesota and west and southward. The US gave the name \"Dakota Territory\" to the northern expanse west of the Mississippi River and up to its headwaters. Today, the Santee live on reservations, reserves, and communities in Minnesota, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and Canada. However, after the Dakota war of 1862 many Santee were sent to Crow Creek Indian Reservation and in 1864 some from the Crow Creek Reservation were sent to the Santee Sioux Reservation. The Iháŋkthuŋwaŋ-Iháŋkthuŋwaŋna, also known by the anglicized spelling Yankton (Iháŋkthuŋwaŋ: \"End village\") and Yanktonai (Iháŋkthuŋwaŋna: \"Little end village\") divisions consist of two bands or two of the seven council fires. According to \"Nasunatanka\" and \"Matononpa\" in 1880, the Yanktonai are divided into two sub-groups known as the Upper Yanktonai and the Lower Yanktonai (Hunkpatina). Today, most of the Yanktons live on the Yankton Indian Reservation in southeastern South Dakota. Some Yankton live on the Lower Brule Indian Reservation and Crow Creek Indian Reservation. The Yanktonai are divided into Lower Yanktonai, who occupy the Crow Creek Reservation; and Upper Yanktonai, who live in the northern part of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, on the Spirit Lake Tribe in central North Dakota, and in the eastern half of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation in northeastern Montana. In addition, they reside at several Canadian reserves, including Birdtail, Oak Lake, and Moose Woods. They were involved in quarrying pipestone. The Yankton-Yanktonai moved into northern Minnesota. In the 18th century, they were recorded as living in the Mankato region of Minnesota. The Sioux likely obtained horses sometime during the seventeenth century (although some historians date the arrival of horses in South Dakota to 1720, and credit the Cheyenne with introducing horse culture to the Lakota). The Teton (Lakota) division of the Sioux emerged as a result of this introduction. Dominating the northern Great Plains with their light cavalry, the western Sioux quickly expanded their territory further to the Rocky Mountains (which they call \"Heska\", \"white mountains\"). The Lakota once subsisted on the bison hunt, and on corn. They acquired corn mostly through trade with the eastern Sioux and their linguistic cousins, the Mandan and Hidatsa along the Missouri River. The name Teton or Thítȟuŋwaŋ is archaic among the people, who prefer to call themselves \"Lakȟóta\". Today, the Lakota are the largest and westernmost of the three groups, occupying lands in both North and South Dakota. In the late 19th century, railroads wanted to build tracks through Indian lands. The railroad companies hired hunters to exterminate the bison herds, the Plains Indians' primary food supply. The Dakota and Lakota were forced to accept US-defined reservations in exchange for the rest of their lands and farming and ranching of domestic cattle, as opposed to a nomadic, hunting economy. During the first years of the Reservation Era, the Sioux people depended upon annual federal payments guaranteed by treaty for survival. In Minnesota, the treaties of Traverse des Sioux and Mendota in 1851 left the Dakota with a reservation wide on each side of the Minnesota River. Today, half of all enrolled Sioux in the United States live off reservation. Enrolled members in any of the Sioux tribes in the United States are required to have ancestry that is at least 1/4 degree Sioux (the equivalent to one grandparent).",
"to exterminate the bison herds, the Plains Indians' primary food supply. The Dakota and Lakota were forced to accept US-defined reservations in exchange for the rest of their lands and farming and ranching of domestic cattle, as opposed to a nomadic, hunting economy. During the first years of the Reservation Era, the Sioux people depended upon annual federal payments guaranteed by treaty for survival. In Minnesota, the treaties of Traverse des Sioux and Mendota in 1851 left the Dakota with a reservation wide on each side of the Minnesota River. Today, half of all enrolled Sioux in the United States live off reservation. Enrolled members in any of the Sioux tribes in the United States are required to have ancestry that is at least 1/4 degree Sioux (the equivalent to one grandparent). In Canada, the Canadian government recognizes the tribal community as First Nations. The land holdings of these First Nations are called Indian reserves. The Sioux comprise three closely related language groups: The earlier linguistic three-way division of the Sioux language identified \"Lakota\", \"Dakota\", and \"Nakota\" as dialects of a single language, where Lakota = Teton, Dakota = Santee-Sisseton and Nakota = Yankton-Yanktonai. However, the latest studies show that Yankton-Yanktonai never used the autonym \"Nakhóta\", but pronounced their name roughly the same as the Santee (i.e. \"Dakȟóta\"). These later studies identify Assiniboine and Stoney as two separate languages, with Sioux being the third language. Sioux has three similar dialects: Lakota, Western Dakota (Yankton-Yanktonai) and Eastern Dakota (Santee-Sisseton). Assiniboine and Stoney speakers refer to themselves as \"Nakhóta\" or \"Nakhóda\" (cf. Nakota). The term \"Dakota\" has also been applied by anthropologists and governmental departments to refer to all Sioux groups, resulting in names such as \"Teton Dakota\", \"Santee Dakota\", etc. This was mainly because of the misrepresented translation of the Ottawa word from which \"Sioux\" is derived. The Sioux tribe, like many North American tribal religions, \"were performative, oral, and variable within each community as each generation drew upon its tradition in order to create its own religious forms, derived from experience\". \"Aboriginal Indian Religions, North of Mexico, were locally produced modes of relationships between communities of associated individuals and their ultimate sources of life... wind, sun, thunderers, animals, corn, etc\". Sioux Nation religious beliefs revolve around the \"Wakan Tanka\", which is synonymous with the Great Spirit. Two of their central religious ceremonies are the Sun Dance and the Ghost Dance. The Sioux Nation was one of the few Native American peoples who practiced the Sun Dance and the Ghost Dance. The Seven Council Fires would assemble each summer to hold council, renew kinships, decide tribal matters, and participate in the Sun Dance. The seven divisions would select four leaders known as Wičháša Yatápika from among the leaders of each division. Being one of the four leaders was considered the highest honor for a leader; however, the annual gathering meant the majority of tribal administration was cared for by the usual leaders of each division. The last meeting of the Seven Council Fires was in 1850. The historical political organization was based on individual participation and the cooperation of many to sustain the tribe's way of life. Leaders were chosen based upon noble birth and demonstrations of chiefly virtues, such as bravery, fortitude, generosity, and wisdom. The Dakota are first recorded to have resided at the source of the Mississippi River and the Great Lakes during the seventeenth century. They were dispersed west in 1659 due to warfare with the Iroquois. By 1700 the Dakota Sioux were living in Wisconsin and Minnesota, at this time they exterminated the Wicosawan, another Siouan people in 1710. A split of branch known as the Lakota had migrated to present-day South Dakota. Late in the 17th century, the Dakota entered into an alliance with French merchants. The French were trying to gain advantage in the struggle for the North American fur trade against the English, who had recently established the Hudson's Bay Company. The first recorded encounter between the Sioux and the French occurred when Radisson and Groseilliers reached what is now Wisconsin during the winter of 1659–60. Later visiting French traders and missionaries included Claude-Jean Allouez, Daniel Greysolon Duluth, and Pierre-Charles Le Sueur who wintered with Dakota bands in early 1700. In 1736 a group of Sioux killed Jean Baptiste de La Vérendrye and twenty other men on an island in Lake of the Woods. However, trade with the French continued until the French gave up North America in 1763. The Pawnee Indians had a long tradition of living in present-day Nebraska. Their first land cession to the United States took place in 1833 when they sold land south of the Platte River. The Massacre Canyon battlefield near Republican River is located within this area. Forty years and two land cessions later, the tribe lived in a small reservation on old Pawnee land, present-day Nance County. The Pawnees had kept a right to hunt buffalo on their vast, ancient range between the Loup, Platte and Republican rivers in Nebraska and south into northern Kansas, now territory of the United States. They had suffered continual attacks by the Lakota that increased violently in the early 1840s. The Lakota lived north of the Pawnee. In 1868 they had entered into a treaty with the United States and agreed to live in the Great Sioux Reservation in present-day South Dakota. By Article 11 they (also) received a right to hunt along the Republican, almost 200 miles south of the reservation. Both the Pawnee and the Lakota complained regularly over attacks by the other tribe. An attempt to make peace in 1871 with the United States as intermediary came to nothing. The Massacre Canyon battle took place in Nebraska on August 5, 1873 near the Republican River. It was one of the last hostilities between the Pawnee and the Lakota and the last battle/massacre between Great Plains Indians in North America. The massacre occurred when a large Oglala/Brulé Sioux war party of over 1,500 warriors led by Two Strike, Little Wound, and Spotted Tail attacked a band of Pawnee during their summer buffalo hunt. In the ensuing rout more than 75–100 Pawnees were killed, men with mostly women and children, the victims suffering mutilation and some set on fire. The Pawnee were traveling along the west bank of the canyon, which runs south to the Republican River, when they were attacked. \"A census taken at the Pawnee Agency in September, according [to] Agent Burgess. . .\" (see \"Massacre Canyon Monument\" article in External Links section) found that \"71 Pawnee warriors were killed, and 102 women and children killed\", the victims brutally mutilated and scalped and others even set on fire\" although Trail Agent John Williamson's account states 156 Pawnee died (page 388). It is likely the death toll would have been higher, for Williamson noted \". . . a company of United States cavalry emerge[d] from the timber. When the Sioux saw the soldiers approaching they beat a hasty retreat.\" (page 387), although \"Recently discovered military documents disproved the old theory\" per the \"Massacre Canyon Monument\" article. This massacre is by some considered one of the factors that led to the Pawnees' decision to move to a reservation in Indian Territory in what is today Oklahoma. The Pawnee disagree. By 1862, shortly after a failed crop the year before and a winter starvation, the federal payment was late. The local traders would not issue any more credit to the Santee and one trader, Andrew Myrick, went so far as to say, \"If they're hungry, let them eat grass.\" On August 17, 1862 the Dakota War began when a few Santee men murdered a white farmer and most of his family. They inspired further attacks on white settlements along the",
"soldiers approaching they beat a hasty retreat.\" (page 387), although \"Recently discovered military documents disproved the old theory\" per the \"Massacre Canyon Monument\" article. This massacre is by some considered one of the factors that led to the Pawnees' decision to move to a reservation in Indian Territory in what is today Oklahoma. The Pawnee disagree. By 1862, shortly after a failed crop the year before and a winter starvation, the federal payment was late. The local traders would not issue any more credit to the Santee and one trader, Andrew Myrick, went so far as to say, \"If they're hungry, let them eat grass.\" On August 17, 1862 the Dakota War began when a few Santee men murdered a white farmer and most of his family. They inspired further attacks on white settlements along the Minnesota River. The Santee attacked the trading post. Later, settlers found Myrick among the dead with his mouth stuffed full of grass. On November 5, 1862 in Minnesota, in courts-martial, 303 Santee Sioux were found guilty of rape and murder of hundreds of American settlers. They were sentenced to be hanged. No attorneys or witnesses were allowed as a defense for the accused, and many were convicted in less than five minutes of court time with the judge. President Abraham Lincoln commuted the death sentences of 284 of the warriors, while signing off on the hanging of 38 Santee men on December 26, 1862 in Mankato, Minnesota. It was the largest mass-execution in U.S. history, on US soil. Afterwards, the US suspended treaty annuities to the Dakota for four years and awarded the money to the white victims and their families. The men remanded by order of President Lincoln were sent to a prison in Iowa, where more than half died. During and after the revolt, many Santee and their kin fled Minnesota and Eastern Dakota to Canada, or settled in the James River Valley in a short-lived reservation before being forced to move to Crow Creek Reservation on the east bank of the Missouri. A few joined the Yanktonai and moved further west to join with the Lakota bands to continue their struggle against the United States military. Others were able to remain in Minnesota and the east, in small reservations existing into the 21st century, including Sisseton-Wahpeton, Flandreau, and Devils Lake (Spirit Lake or Fort Totten) Reservations in the Dakotas. Some ended up in Nebraska, where the Santee Sioux Reservation today has a reservation on the south bank of the Missouri. Those who fled to Canada now have descendants residing on nine small Dakota Reserves, five of which are located in Manitoba (Sioux Valley, Long Plain, Dakota Tipi, Birdtail Creek, and Oak Lake [Pipestone]) and the remaining four (Standing Buffalo, Moose Woods [White Cap], Round Plain [Wahpeton], and Wood Mountain) in Saskatchewan. Red Cloud's War (also referred to as the Bozeman War) was an armed conflict between the Lakota and the United States Army in the Wyoming Territory and the Montana Territory from 1866 to 1868. The war was fought over control of the Powder River Country in north central Wyoming. The war is named after Red Cloud, a prominent Sioux chief who led the war against the United States following encroachment into the area by the U.S. military. The war ended with the Treaty of Fort Laramie. The Sioux victory in the war led to their temporarily preserving their control of the Powder River country. The Great Sioux War of 1876, also known as the Black Hills War, was a series of battles and negotiations which occurred in 1876 and 1877 between the Lakota Sioux, Northern Cheyenne, and the United States. The cause of the war was the desire of the U.S. government to obtain ownership of the Black Hills. Gold had been discovered in the Black Hills, settlers began to encroach onto Native American lands, and the Sioux and Cheyenne refused to cede ownership to the U.S. Traditionally, the United States military and historians place the Lakota at the center of the story, especially given their numbers, but some Indians believe the Cheyenne were the primary target of the U.S. campaign. The earliest engagement was the Battle of Powder River, and the final battle was the Wolf Mountain. Included are the Battle of the Rosebud, Battle of Warbonnet Creek, Battle of Slim Buttes, Battle of Cedar Creek, and the Dull Knife Fight. Among the many battles and skirmishes of the war was the Battle of the Little Bighorn, often known as Custer's Last Stand, the most storied of the many encounters between the U.S. army and mounted Plains Indians. The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and also commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. The battle, which resulted in the defeat of US forces, was the most significant action of the Great Sioux War of 1876. It took place on June 25–26, 1876, along the Little Bighorn River in the Crow Indian Reservation in southeastern Montana Territory. The fight was an overwhelming victory for the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho, who were led by several major war leaders, including Crazy Horse and Chief Gall, and had been inspired by the visions of Sitting Bull (\"Tȟatȟáŋka Íyotake\"). The US 7th Cavalry, a force of 700 men, suffered a major defeat while under the command of Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer (formerly a brevetted major general during the American Civil War). Five of the 7th Cavalry's twelve companies were annihilated and Custer was killed, as were two of his brothers, a nephew and a brother-in-law. The total US casualty count included 268 dead and 55 severely wounded (six died later from their wounds), including four Crow Indian scouts and at least two Arikara Indian scouts. The Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument honors those who fought on both sides. That Indian victory notwithstanding, the U.S. leveraged national resources to force the Indians to surrender, primarily by attacking and destroying their encampments and property. The Great Sioux War took place under the presidencies of Ulysses S. Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes. The Agreement of 1877 (, enacted February 28, 1877) officially annexed Sioux land and permanently established Indian reservations. The massacre at Wounded Knee Creek was the last major armed conflict between the Lakota and the United States. It was described as a \"\" by General Nelson A. Miles in a letter to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs. On December 29, 1890, five hundred troops of the 7th Cavalry Regiment, supported by four Hotchkiss guns (a lightweight artillery piece capable of rapid fire), surrounded an encampment of the Lakota bands of the Miniconjou and Hunkpapa with orders to escort them to the railroad for transport to Omaha, Nebraska. By the time it was over, 25 troopers and more than 150 Lakota Sioux lay dead, including men, women, and children. It remains unknown which side was responsible for the first shot; some of the soldiers are believed to have been the victims of \"friendly fire\" because the shooting took place at point-blank range in chaotic conditions. Around 150 Lakota are believed to have fled the chaos, many of whom may have died from hypothermia. The Wounded Knee incident began February 27, 1973 when the town of Wounded Knee, South Dakota was seized by followers of the American Indian Movement. The occupiers controlled the town for 71 days while various state and federal law enforcement agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the United States Marshals Service laid siege. Two members of A.I.M. were killed by gunfire during the incident. The Lakota Freedom Delegation, a group of controversial Native American activists, declared on December 19, 2007 the Lakota were withdrawing from all treaties signed with the United States to regain sovereignty over their nation. One of",
"at point-blank range in chaotic conditions. Around 150 Lakota are believed to have fled the chaos, many of whom may have died from hypothermia. The Wounded Knee incident began February 27, 1973 when the town of Wounded Knee, South Dakota was seized by followers of the American Indian Movement. The occupiers controlled the town for 71 days while various state and federal law enforcement agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the United States Marshals Service laid siege. Two members of A.I.M. were killed by gunfire during the incident. The Lakota Freedom Delegation, a group of controversial Native American activists, declared on December 19, 2007 the Lakota were withdrawing from all treaties signed with the United States to regain sovereignty over their nation. One of the activists, Russell Means, claimed that the action is legal and cites natural, international and US law. The group considers Lakota to be a sovereign nation, although as yet the state is generally unrecognized. The proposed borders reclaim thousands of square kilometres of North and South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska and Montana. Throughout the decades, thousands of Native American children were forcibly removed from their homes and sent to boarding schools with a primary objective of assimilating Native American children and youth into Euro-American culture, while at the same time providing a basic education in Euro-American subject matters. Many children lost knowledge of their culture and languages, as well as faced physical and sexual abuse at these schools. In 1978, the government tried to put an end to these boarding schools (and placement into foster families) with the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA), which says except in the rarest circumstances, Native American children must be placed with their relatives or tribes. It also says states must do everything it can to keep native families together. In 2011, the Lakota made national news when NPR's investigative series called \"Lost Children, Shattered Families\" aired. It exposed what many critics consider to be the \"kidnapping\" of Lakota children from their homes by the state of South Dakota's Department of Social Services. The NPR investigation found South Dakota has the most cases which fail to abide by the ICWA. In South Dakota, Native American children make up less than 15 percent of the child population, yet they make up more than half of the children in foster care. The state receives thousands of dollars from the federal government for every child it takes from a family, and in some cases the state gets even more money if the child is Native American. Lakota activists Madonna Thunder Hawk and Chase Iron Eyes worked with the Lakota People's Law Project as they sought to end what they claimed were unlawful seizures of Native American Lakota children in South Dakota, and stop the state practice of placing these children in non-Native homes. They are currently working to redirect federal funding away from the state of South Dakota's Department of Social Systems to a new tribal foster care programs. In 2015, in response to the investigative reports by NPR, the Lakota People's Law Project as well as the coalition of all nine Lakota/Dakota reservations in South Dakota, the Bureau of Indian Affairs updated the ICWA guidelines to give more strength to tribes to intervene on behalf of the children, stating, \"The updated guidelines establish that an Indian child, parent or Indian custodian, or tribe may petition to invalidate an action if the Act or guidelines have been violated, regardless of which party’s rights were violated. This approach promotes compliance with ICWA and reflects that ICWA is intended to protect the rights of each of these parties.\" The new guidelines also not only prevent courts from taking children away based on socioeconomic status but give a strict definition of what is to be considered harmful living conditions. Previously, the state of South Dakota used \"being poor\" as harmful. In the summer of 2016, Sioux Indians and the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe began a protest against construction of the Dakota Access oil pipeline, also known as the Bakken pipeline, which, if completed, is designed to carry hydrofracked crude oil from the Bakken oil fields of North Dakota to the oil storage and transfer hub of Patoka, Illinois. The pipeline travels only half a mile north of the Standing Rock Sioux reservation and is designed to pass underneath the Missouri River and upstream of the reservation, causing many concerns over the tribe's drinking water safety, environmental protection, and harmful impacts on culture. The pipeline company claims that the pipeline will provide jobs, reduce American dependence on foreign oil and reduce the price of gas. The conflict sparked a nationwide debate and much news media coverage. Thousands of indigenous and non-indigenous supporters joined the protest, and several camp sites were set up south of the construction zone. The protest was peaceful, and alcohol, drugs and firearms were not allowed at the campsite or the protest site. On August 23, Standing Rock Sioux Tribe released a list of 87 tribal governments who wrote resolutions, proclamations and letters of support stating their solidarity with Standing Rock and the Sioux people. Since then, many more Native American organizations, environmental groups and civil rights groups have joined the effort in North Dakota, including the Black Lives Matter movement, Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders, the 2016 Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein and her running mate Ajamu Baraka, and many more. \"The Washington Post\" called it a \"National movement for Native Americans.\" Contemporary Sioux people are listed under the tribes to which they belong. A Manitoba Historical Plaque was erected at the Spruce Woods Provincial Park by the province to commemorate Assiniboin (Nakota) First Nation's role in Manitoba's heritage. Sioux The Sioux (), also known as Očhéthi Šakówiŋ, are groups of Native American tribes and First Nations peoples in North America. The term can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or to any of the nation's many language dialects. The Sioux comprise three major divisions based on language divisions: the Dakota, Lakota and Nakota. The Santee Dakota (\"Isáŋyathi\"; \"Knife\") reside in the extreme east of the Dakotas, Minnesota and northern Iowa. The Yankton and Yanktonai Dakota (\"Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋ\" and \"Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋna\"; \"Village-at-the-end\" and \"Little village-at-the-end\"), collectively"
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"Fort Gaines Historic District The Fort Gaines Historic District in Fort Gaines, Georgia is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It is roughly bounded by the Chattahoochee River, GA 37, GA 39, College, Commerce and Jefferson Streets. It includes Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Neo-Classical Revival architecture. It includes the Clay County Courthouse. It included 327 contributing buildings. The NRHP nomination stated:Fort Gaines is a good intact example of a frontier Georgia town planned and developed in the nineteenth century for a combination of military, political, and commercial purposes. It is historically significant in the areas of exploration and settlement, military history, community planning and development, architecture, landscape architecture, commerce, industry, transportation, politics and government, and historic archaeology. Fort Gaines Historic District The Fort Gaines Historic District in Fort Gaines, Georgia is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It is roughly bounded by the Chattahoochee River, GA 37, GA 39, College, Commerce and Jefferson Streets. It includes Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Neo-Classical Revival architecture. It includes the Clay County Courthouse. It included 327 contributing buildings. The NRHP nomination stated:Fort Gaines is a good"
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"Johanna Dejager Johanna Dejager (1969) is a Canadian professional female bodybuilder. She currently lives in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Married as Ashton in 2016. Johanna Dejager grew up on a dairy farm. Her time on the farm helped her shape herself for her bodybuilding career. At the age of 10, she saw on TV a profile of a male bodybuilder, which inspired her to enter the sport. She obtained a degree in graphic design in 1990 and started up her own business two years later. She started training in 1993. Highlights: In 2006, representing Canada on the IFBB World stage, Dejager won Silver, 2nd, in the Light Weight class. In 2008, after finishing 1st in Middle Weight and 1st in Masters at the 2008 CBBF Nationals Dejager won her Pro Card status. In 2009, she competed in the Arnold IFBB World Amateur Bodybuilding Championships, representing Canada, where she won Gold, 1st, in Light Weight class. Johanna Dejager Johanna Dejager (1969) is a Canadian professional female bodybuilder. She currently lives in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Married as Ashton in 2016. Johanna Dejager grew up on a dairy farm. Her time on the farm helped her shape herself for her bodybuilding career. At the"
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"Joe Krivak Joseph J. Krivak (March 20, 1935 – December 25, 2012) was an American football player and coach. He served as head coach for the Maryland Terrapins football team from 1987 to 1991, where he compiled a 20–34–2 record. He also served as an assistant coach at Maryland, Syracuse, Navy, and Virginia. As a coach at Maryland, Krivak mentored future National Football League (NFL) quarterbacks Boomer Esiason, Neil O'Donnell, Frank Reich, Stan Gelbaugh, and Scott Zolak. In all, he coached on seven Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) championship team staffs and in 14 bowl games as an assistant or head coach. Krivak earned three football letters playing offensive line and linebacker for the Syracuse Orangemen between 1954 and 1956. He blocked for All-American running back Jim Brown and helped the Orange reach the 1957 Cotton Bowl Classic. He also played third base and earned one letter in baseball for the Orangemen. Krivak earned his degree in history science in 1957 and an M.A. in education from Syracuse in 1961. Syracuse University honored Krivak in 2011 as a letterwinner of distinction at their Hall of Fame. Krivak's first coaching experience came at Madonna High School in Weirton, West Virginia, where he spent 11 seasons, eight as head coach, and won a state Catholic title. He then served as an assistant coach at Syracuse for five years under head coach Ben Schwartzwalder. From 1974 to 1976, he served as an assistant coach at Maryland under head coach Jerry Claiborne. He then spent five years coaching at Navy under George Welsh. In 1982, he returned to Maryland to join Bobby Ross's staff as the quarterbacks coach. Krivak was also responsible for the wide receivers and had a significant role in running the offense. Krivak was the offensive play caller for Maryland's 42–40 win over Miami in the Orange Bowl, where the Terps rallied from a 31–0 halftime deficit. It was a game which stood as the greatest comeback in college football history for twenty-two years. At Maryland, Krivak tutored several future NFL quarterbacks: Boomer Esiason, Neil O'Donnell, Frank Reich, Stan Gelbaugh, and Scott Zolak. After the 1986 season, he was chosen to be the successor to Ross and promoted to Maryland head coach at the age of 51. (Ross left Maryland for Georgia Tech following the Len Bias tragedy and the university's reactionary hiking of recruiting standards.) Krivak had previously been a finalist for a head coaching position during his tenure at both Syracuse and Navy, and in 1982 when Maryland hired Ross. As head coach, Krivak accumulated a 20–34–2 record and one minor bowl game appearance, the 1991 Independence Bowl, in which Maryland tied Louisiana Tech, 34–34. One of Krivak's most notable accomplishments at Maryland was a tie game. In 1989, Maryland tied Penn State, 13–13, with a last-minute field goal. When the game was last played in 1993, the all-time series record stood at 35 Maryland losses, one win, and one tie. The tie game broke the Terrapins' 24-game losing streak against Penn State. Krivak's signature win however, was the 1990 upset road win against #8 and Sugar Bowl bound Virginia. Following the 1990 season, new athletic director Andy Geiger and Krivak agreed to a five-year contract extension. Krivak tendered his resignation after posting a 2–9 record during an injury riddled 1991 campaign. After the season, athletic director Andy Geiger had initiated a review of the program, which included interviews with the players, some of whom directly criticized Krivak to Geiger. With his resignation, Krivak cited a loss of credibility in the face of the criticism from his players. In 1993, \"The Richmond Times-Dispatch\" reported that Bobby Ross, then head coach of the San Diego Chargers was interested in hiring Krivak after his dismissal, but was dissuaded by general manager Bobby Beathard, who wanted someone with NFL coaching experience. In 1995, Krivak took over as quarterbacks coach for Virginia under George Welsh, his former boss at Navy. In 1996, Virginia offensive coordinator Tom O'Brien left to take the head coaching position at Boston College, and during the Carquest Bowl, Krivak called the offensive plays in the interim. Virginia lost to Miami, 31–21. Some observers expected Krivak to be promoted to the position full-time, but in February 1997, Welsh said he was considering calling plays himself without an offensive coordinator. Krivak resigned from the staff shortly afterward. Krivak then ran football camps for youth players in the Mid-Atlantic area. Krivak died at the age of 77 on Christmas Day 2012 in Bowie, Maryland after a long battle with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and leukemia. Joe Krivak Joseph J. Krivak (March 20, 1935 – December 25, 2012) was an American football player and coach. He served as head coach for the Maryland Terrapins football team from 1987 to 1991, where he compiled a 20–34–2"
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"Kožany Kožany is a village and municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia. In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1427. This village is well known by the wooden church, which was built in the past and now it is attraction for the tourists and belongs to the collection of the wooden churches located in the eastern part of Slovakia. The municipality lies at an altitude of 244 metres and covers an area of 5.201 km². It has a population of about 140 people. The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive \"Statny Archiv in Presov, Slovakia\" Kožany Kožany is a village and municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia. In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1427. This village is well known by the wooden church, which was built in the past and now it is attraction for the tourists and belongs to the collection of the wooden churches located in the eastern part of Slovakia. The municipality lies at an altitude of 244 metres and covers an area of 5.201 km². It has a population of about 140 people. The records for genealogical"
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"From episodes 1–13, the first ending theme is \"Dreamy Journey\" (ドリーミー ジャーニー) by The Peggies. From episodes 14-26, the second ending theme is \"Sayonara Moon Town\" (サヨナラ ムーン タウン) by Scenario Art. From episodes 27-39, the third ending theme is \"Boku wa Hashiri Tsuzukeru\" (僕 は 走り 続ける) by MELOFLOAT. From episodes 40-51, the fourth ending theme is \"Denshin Tamashī\" (デン シン タマシイ) by Game Jikkyōsha Wakuwaku Band. From episodes 52-63, the fifth ending theme is \"Kachō Fūgetsu\" (花鳥 風月) by Coala Mode. From episodes 64-75, the sixth ending theme is \"Raika\" (ライカ) by Bird Bear Hare and Fish. \n Boruto Uzumaki fights a man named Kawaki on the Hokage Monument as Kawaki declares the age of shinobi is over, and says he will send Boruto to the place where he sent the seventh hokage. Several years prior to the event, Boruto is the son of Naruto Uzumaki, the Seventh Hokage, and Hinata. Boruto and Shikadai Nara ride on top of a train with the latter reminding Boruto that tomorrow is their Academy entrance ceremony, which Boruto does not care because he only wants to embarrass Naruto. Boruto sees a boy being bullied and defends him. They talk about their fathers with the boy, Denki Kaminarimon, revealing his father is a billionaire businessman in charge of Konoha's train system. Boruto encourages him to stand up to his father. Boruto returns home and is unsurprised to hear Naruto is not home. Meanwhile Denki tries to stand up for himself but his father rejects him, saying Denki will win his approval by being strong. The next morning, Boruto is running late for the ceremony and sees Denki being controlled by an evil aura. Denki lures the bullies on a broken train and sends it driving towards another train with the intent of scaring them. Boruto intervenes and snaps Denki back to his senses, and manages to avoid the collision. However the train ends up crashing into Naruto's stone face. The two become friends as they attend the Academy the next day. \n No. | Title | Original air date | English air date \n---|---|---|--- \n| \"Boruto Uzumaki!\" \"Uzumaki Boruto! !\" (うずまき ボルト! !) | April 5, 2017 | September 29, 2018 \nBoruto Uzumaki fights a man named Kawaki on the Hokage Monument as Kawaki declares the age of shinobi is over, and says he will send Boruto to the place where he sent the seventh hokage. Several years prior to the event, Boruto is the son of Naruto Uzumaki, the Seventh Hokage, and Hinata. Boruto and Shikadai Nara ride on top of a train with the latter reminding Boruto that tomorrow is their Academy entrance ceremony, which Boruto does not care because he only wants to embarrass Naruto. Boruto sees a boy being bullied and defends him. They talk about their fathers with the boy, Denki Kaminarimon, revealing his father is a billionaire businessman in charge of Konoha's train system. Boruto encourages him to stand up to his father. Boruto returns home and is unsurprised to hear Naruto is not home. Meanwhile Denki tries to stand up for himself but his father rejects him, saying Denki will win his approval by being strong. The next morning, Boruto is running late for the ceremony and sees Denki being controlled by an evil aura. Denki lures the bullies on a broken train and sends it driving towards another train with the intent of scaring them. Boruto intervenes and snaps Denki back to his senses, and manages to avoid the collision. However the train ends up crashing into Naruto's stone face. The two become friends as they attend the Academy the next day. \n| \"The Hokage's Son!\" \"Hokage no musuko ...! !\" (火影 の 息子 ...! !) | April 12, 2017 | TBA \nAfter having been suspended for two weeks for nearly destroying the Hokage face monument, Boruto begins his education at the academy, Once starting in the academy, Boruto starts clashing with an older student named Iwabe Yuino who has been picking on Denki. This causes the two of them to have a one-on-one battle during their break. \n| \"Metal Lee Goes Wild!\" \"Bōsō, Metaru Rī! !\" (暴走 、 メタル ・ リー! !) | April 19, 2017 | TBA \nShikadai realizes he has been too harsh with his classmate Metal Lee, who is always nervous when in front of other students. After Shikadai consults his father, Shikamaru Nara, he decides to apologize to him. However, the next day, Lee is possessed by the same dark aura that affected Denki. He attacks his classmates as Boruto's right eye notes a strange change with his chakra. After succeeding at making Lee recover, Shikadai and Lee become friends. \n| \"A Ninjutsu Battle of the Sexes!\" \"Danjo taikō ninjutsu gassen! !\" (男女 対抗 忍術 合戦! !) | April 26, 2017 | TBA \nWhen Boruto and Sarada Uchiha start antagonizing each other, causing their teacher Shino Aburame to suggest his students in engaging in a battle divided between sexes. \n5 | \"The Mysterious Transfer Student!\" \"Nazo no tenkōsei ...! !\" (謎 の 転校生 ...! !) | May 3, 2017 | TBA \nA new student named Mitsuki joins the academy. While friendly, he is often considered too dangerous due to his refusal to hold back during sparring sessions with his classmates. Meanwhile, Shino starts seeing himself as a failure to his class. \n6 | \"The Final Lesson!\" \"Saigo no jugyō ...! !\" (最後 の 授業 ...! !) | May 10, 2017 | TBA \nShino is possessed by the dark aura, hits his breaking point, and fights Boruto with Shikadai and Mitsuki being trapped in the forest. However, Mitsuki is hiding something that is not yet known to the other two. After Shino comes back to his senses, he saves Mitsuki and Boruto from drowning and reports back to the Hokage's office. Naruto realizes a dangerous situation is brewing and orders Shino to investigate. \n7 | \"Love and Potato Chips!\" \"Koi to potechi ...! !\" (恋 と ポテチ ...! !) | May 17, 2017 | TBA \nWhile walking down streets, Sarada, Chocho and Sumire realize that someone is tailing them, but they can not find anyone, so they assume that someone is stalking Chocho. But next day when that person tries to stalks again Chocho caught him, at that moment Boruto, Shikadai and Mitsuki were near so they go there after hearing stalker's scream and the stalker turned out to be Magire, a student from another class, who is actually stalking after Sumire because he likes her. So Chocho advises him to propose her but she rejects him. At the academy, Magire kidnapped Sumire and Boruto and the others go to save her. Boruto saw the same mysterious shadow around him, he plans to defeat him but could not because of Magire's disguise Jutsu. Magire reveals that Sumire was the only girl who ever talked to him but after Chocho makes him realizes that people do not talk to him because of his own weakness, Boruto sees that the shadow disappeared without even defeating him, but Magire faints afterwards. At the Hokage's office, Naruto gets reports of people losing chakra for some unknown reason. \n8 | \"The Dream's Revelation\" \"Yume no otsuge\" (夢 の お告げ) | May 24, 2017 | TBA",
"8 | \"The Dream's Revelation\" \"Yume no otsuge\" (夢 の お告げ) | May 24, 2017 | TBA \nBoruto goes to watch a ninja film with Shikadai, Iwabe, and Denki. Boruto talks to Shikadai about the mysterious shadow that only he can see. Shikadai advises him to tell the elders about it but Boruto plans to handle this matter all by himself. Later, Boruto make three Shadow Clones of himself to discuss about the mysterious shadow but in the end got confuse if he really saw the shadow or is he just hallucinating. His clones also advise him that he should tell the elders but Boruto still wants to solve this himself. In a dream, a mysterious man tells him that he will shoulder the fate of world with his eye. After waking up Boruto sees his eye in a mirror and believes that he has awakened the Byakugan. Naruto gets tired because of work so Shikamaru comes to drop him home only to find Boruto acting like the ninja movie's hero. Boruto tells everyone that he has awakened the Byakugan but Naruto says that he never trained enough to awaken the Byakugan. Instead, Hinata tells him to meet her father, Hiashi. Naruto takes Himawari and Boruto to the Hyuga's place where they meet Hiashi, who also admitted that even in the Hyuga clan not everyone can awaken the Byakugan but offers spar with Boruto to find its validity. \n9 | \"Proof of Oneself\" \"Jibun no shōmei\" (自分 の 証明) | May 31, 2017 | TBA \nHiashi plans to have a match with Boruto to find out if he really awakened the Byakugan or not, but Hanabi offers to fight on his place while saying that he will not hold back against Boruto. The match starts between Hanabi and Boruto, but he easily gets defeated even after using his shadow clones, so Boruto asks for another match with Hanabi but gets defeated after trying very hard. Hanabi did not see any signs of Byakugan during their matches so she assumes that he did not awaken a Byakugan yet. Hiashi asks Naruto and the others to stay at their place that night because Boruto gets exhausted. Later, after dinner Naruto and Hiashi have a private talk about Boruto, and Naruto tells that he believes in Boruto even though he did not awaken the Byakugan because Boruto would not be trying hard if he was lying about Byakugan. Hanabi goes to talk with Boruto while he was reminiscing his dream, Boruto tells her that Naruto and the elders are probably thinking that he is lying. Hanabi says that she does not know about what the others are thinking but will help him whenever he needs. Then, Boruto goes to market because he did not eat dinner properly, where he meets Sarada, and while talking to her he spots a person with the mysterious shadow. So he goes after him and that person turned out to be \"Kagemasa\", the hero of the movie he watched in the previous episode, who became chubby and the production company cancelled making film's sequel, Boruto fights Kagemasa, but as he is about to get defeated by him, Sarada comes to save him and they defeat him together. Next day at academy, Boruto tells Shikadai and Mitsuki that he will not be able to prove that he has awakened the Byakugan but he will continue to find a way to make everyone believe him. \n10 | \"The Ghost Incident:The Investigation Begins!\" \"Gōsuto jiken, sōsa kaishi! !\" (ゴースト 事件 、 捜査 開始! !) | June 7, 2017 | TBA \nBoruto has been skipping classes at the academy along with Shikadai and Mitsuki to find someone possessed by the mysterious shadow. When he gets back home, he finds out that Hinata knows about him skipping classes. Next day, Hinata meets Shino at the academy where he lectures Boruto that he will end up in the after-school tutoring sessions if continue to skip. Later, Shino tells the class that they will be doing work experience, and students have freedom to select any workplace they want. Boruto, Shikadai, and Mitsuki select the Post Office as their workplace as this allows them to roam around the village to find the mysterious shadow. Then, after delivering some mail, Boruto meets Naruto and Naruto tells him to deliver the mail with care; Boruto disregards this. Mitsuki tells the team that he has found someone possessed by the mysterious shadow on the other side of the village, the effort to reach the other side of town drains their chakra. At the Hokage's office, Sai reports Naruto that he finds evidence of the uses of Wood Style at the locations where people are getting possessed, and suggests that members of disbanded Foundation could be behind this. Naruto advised Sai to be careful about this if members of Foundation are involved. Later while Naruto is packing spare clothes for the office, Hinata helps him pack while he tells her that because he spent his childhood without a father, he does not know how to act like one; Hinata assures him that Boruto understands his feelings. The next day, when Boruto, Shikadai and Mitsuki return to the Post Office, the Bureau Chief Komame tells them that he is getting complaints from all the places where Boruto delivered mail yesterday; as punishment he orders them to count stamps instead of delivering mail. Later, Boruto watches the news showing a person possessed by the shadow barricaded himself in the Water Purification Plant. Sumire and the two other girls from his class went for their work experience; Boruto rushes to save them. \n11 | \"The Shadow of The Mastermind\" \"Kuromaku no kage\" (黒幕 の 影) | June 14, 2017 | TBA \nThe episode starts out in the hospital where the Class Representative is recovering from her injuries with many people from the class visiting her for well-wishing. Naruto shows up and leads Boruto and his friends to another part of the hospital where the man who was possessed by the shadow is in intensive care. Naruto says that the man's chakra was almost completely drained out of him, and that this investigation has become a serious matter, not for kids playing detective. The three of them return to the post office to continue their part-time jobs as delivery boys. On the route, Mitsuki informs Boruto and Shikadai that there has been another shadow attack. They go to investigate, but they are always just behind the village police who are now investigating the matter. The rest of their class shows up at the post office to help, and they run off; however, the minute they leave the shadow appears and possesses the post master, sending him into a rage. The group reappears instantly because they knew the shadow would strike there only to find the person controlling the shadow. In his state, the post master complains about how the job is worthless and he gets no respect for it, but Tayori reminds him that every piece of mail has a recipient waiting for it which calms him down enough to catch him off guard. Despite their efforts, the person controlling the shadow escapes. Boruto and his classmates cheerily cleaning up the post office after the big fight. A couple of shadowy figures talk about how they need the negative chakra from people to awaken an entity called \"Nue\". \n12 | \"Boruto and Mitsuki\" \"Boruto to Mitsuki\" (ボルト と ミツキ) | June 21, 2017 | TBA",
"12 | \"Boruto and Mitsuki\" \"Boruto to Mitsuki\" (ボルト と ミツキ) | June 21, 2017 | TBA \nThe class do a training exercise and Boruto's team is the only in the class that could not complete the exercise because Denki left behind and Boruto goes to help him. Shino announces that the whole class failed in the training because all of them abandoned their teammates in order to win. Denki tells Boruto that there are not any incidents happening lately, and Inojin says that they should stop searching for the culprit because the elders are already after him but Boruto still wants to find the culprit. Mitsuki realize that everyone gravitate towards Boruto and Inojin explained that it is probably because Boruto does not want everyone to see him only as the son of Hokage, and tries to do things his own way. Mitsuki goes to visit Sumire at the hospital and asks her that what does she thinks about Boruto. Sumire tells him that Boruto causes a lot of trouble at the academy but is fun when he is around. She revealed that she is an orphan. Later, Mitsuki goes to Boruto's home and Hinata informs everyone that Naruto is also coming to dinner at home that night. Boruto takes Mitsuki to his room where he saw photos of Naruto and starts bragging about him and then asks Boruto if he likes Naruto or not but Hinata calls them for dinner before he can answer. Naruto arrives at home to dinner and meets Mitsuki at the dinning table, and Mitsuki tells Boruto that he sure resembles Naruto. As they are about start eating, Naruto stops suddenly because his shadow clone got a report from Shikamaru that a strong chakra is spreading across the village and he needs to go. Boruto gets mad at him and runs from home with Mitsuki going after him. Mitsuki tells Boruto that he thinks Boruto likes Naruto but Boruto says that he hate the Hokage for abandoning his family because of his work. Mitsuki tells him that he knows the identity of the person who is behind all the incidents that happened until then. \n13 | \"The Demon Beast Appears!\" \"Majū, arawaru ...! !\" (魔 獣 、 現 る ...! !) | June 28, 2017 | TBA \nSai comes to know the reality behind Danzo's fail safe and the culprit's name. Mitsuki and Boruto are having a conversation regarding if Sumire is the actual person to cause all the ghost incidents. Meanwhile, Sumire is found by Sai and his squad and is being captured with a sealing technique, but she lets Nue out and escapes in the chaos caused by him. Sai, Kakashi Hatake, and Naruto try to stop summoned Nue using Mud Wall and sealing barrier techniques, but it does not help. Mitsuki gets the updated order to kill Sumire and he leaves to stop her. When he encounters Boruto, Mitsuki stops him with his clone and moves ahead. Sumire and Mitsuki have a brief fight, until they were interrupted by Boruto. A strange light then appears from Boruto's right eye, which teleports him and Sumire to an unknown dimension. \n14 | \"The Path That Boruto Can See\" \"Boruto ni mieru michi\" (ボルト に 見える 道) | July 5, 2017 | TBA \nAfter Boruto defeats Sumire's beast, Mitsuki starts battling Sumire. However, Boruto forces the two of them to stop fighting them taking a wound in the process. Stating that Sumire has been their friend at the academy, Sumire decides to give up. Afterwards, the three return to Konoha where Sai takes Sumire promising the children she will not get hurt. \n15 | \"A New Path\" \"Atarashii michi\" (新しい 道) | July 12, 2017 | TBA \nBoruto notices that the mysterious power in his eye is not activating for some weeks. Sai tells Naruto and Shikamaru that Sumire has confessed everything and the fact that she stops for the sake of her friends. At the academy, Shino tells the students that they should form a three man team but with different classmates from before for training exercise. Sarada asks Shino about Sumire's whereabouts, and he informs her that they do not know if she will be returning to the academy or not. Boruto and Mitsuki asks their friends to form a team with them but all of them have already formed a team except Metal. Shikadai reveals that the Leaf Police have taken over the case so they can not do anything to bring Sumire back. Principal Iruka informs Shino that Sumire's report has come and she is under surveillance right now, but Shino decides to visit her. Boruto goes back home and is surprised to see Naruto at home. He asks Naruto to let Sumire free but Naruto says that even if he is the Hokage, he can not just let her go after all that happened. But Naruto ensures him that he will not let her down. Shino visits Sumire and she tells him that she should take responsibility for what she have done, but Shino says that the Gozu Tennou is no longer inside her body so she can rethink about her decision. Next day, the training exercise starts and Shino runs from there after hearing some information about Sumire. After completing the training, Boruto asks about Shino and Sarada tells him that he rushed off after hearing some news about Sumire. Inojin also says that Sumire might be transferring to another school, but Shino returns with her and everyone welcomes her warm-heartedly. A clone of Naruto goes to give Sasuke Uchiha a scroll of Gozu Tennou and asks him to return to Konoha. But instead, Sasuke tells Naruto to apologize to Sakura in his place. Toneri is shown on the moon mumbling about the Gozu Tennou. Momoshiki is shown ordering Kinshiki to do preparation for departure. \n16 | \"Crisis:The Threat of Failing!\" \"Daburi no kiki\" (留 年 ( ダブり) の 危機 ) | July 19, 2017 | TBA \nDenki fails to walk on a wall at the academy, and all his friends tell him the concept of chakra in their own way but he does not understand anything and says that he does not want to repeat like Iwabe. Iwabe hears that but does not argue with him. Denki tries to walk on wall and Metal comes to help him in his training, and they start rock climbing but Denki falls and Lee comes just in time to save him. Lee is very happy to see him training very hard because he can not use Ninjutsu and present him a outfit similar to his own outfit. Iwabe on the other hand having problem in his studies, sees Denki trying to walk on wall and goes to meet him and tells him to focus his mind to use chakra and Denki is able to walk on wall. On their way back to home from the Academy, Denki offers his help in Iwabe's studies but he rejects saying that he does not want any of his friends to repeat a year because of him but Denki says that he wants to pass with all of his friends including Iwabe and Iwabe accepts his help in studies. Denki suggests Iwabe to stand on roof using chakra while studying because he realizes that Iwabe concentrates better when he is using chakra, and Boruto brings burgers for all of his friends and their mouth burns after eating the burgers because they are so spicy. Later, when Denki and Iwabe are going to the Academy to take the test they see a building burning and Iwabe hears a woman saying that her kids are still in the building so he goes to save them leaving Denki alone. Boruto at the academy gets worried that they did not come because of his spicy burgers. Iwabe finds the children in the building but can not find an exit, so he starts fixing the sprinklers. Denki after waiting so long decides to go after Iwabe and gets into the building. But when he reaches Iwabe he has already fixed the sprinklers. Iwabe asks him to carry a child out of the building. Iwabe gets mad at Denki after coming out of the building but was happy that everyone is safe. When they get to the Academy, Shino after getting the information about that incident tells them that they have already passed the test because they have used their skills in real life, and all of their friends including Chocho congratulates them on passing the test. \n17 | \"Run, Sarada!\" \"Sarada, hashiru! !\" (サラダ 、 走る! !) | July 26, 2017 | TBA",
"17 | \"Run, Sarada!\" \"Sarada, hashiru! !\" (サラダ 、 走る! !) | July 26, 2017 | TBA \nThe episode focuses on Sarada who attempts to retrieve a teddy bear, as she promised her mother she would bring it to a little girl at the hospital in her care, all the while avoiding detection by Boruto and his friends. She is however unsuccessful. She is able to spot a similar doll but it is sent into the river as part of their ceremony. While retrieving it, she falls in the river and swims to the spot where Boruto and his friends are fishing. She is however able to deliver the doll and keep her promise. \n18 | \"A Day in the Life of the Uzumaki Family\" \"Uzumaki-ke no ichinichi\" (うずまき 家 の 一 日) | August 2, 2017 | TBA \nWhen Himawari falls sick Boruto remembers the day Naruto was officially made the Hokage, and the incidents which occurred that day. Following in the present with Naruto taking him to Ichiraku ramen as they had made Hinata angry over Himawari's food since she was feeling well now. There, they meet Cho-Cho and Choji who had come for their monthly Ramen eating competition. Naruto then remembers all the incidents linked with Ichiraku over the period of his life. Boruto later comes to know of the Legendary Queen of Gluttony and that it was really his mom, Hinata. \n19 | \"Sarada Uchiha\" \"Uchiha Sarada\" (うち は サラダ) | August 9, 2017 | TBA \nBoruto defaces the Hokage Mount in order to get Naruto's attention. In his attempt to get chased, he runs into Sarada, who covers for him. Boruto is quickly caught by Shikamaru, who remarks that Boruto and Naruto are very similar, being father and son, which Boruto resents (Shikamaru makes a similar comment about Shikadai and himself). Sarada wonders how Sasuke would be as a father since she was very young when he left the village and has not seen him much since. She asks Sakura if Sasuke needed glasses when he was a child, and Sakura's vague answer does little to satisfy Sarada. Sarada decides to look into the Uchiha clan, learning about the Sharingan and how she and her father are the clan's last living members; when she tries to do further research in regard to her father, she discovers that the information is restricted from public access. Sarada approaches her mother again and asks her if she even is Sasuke's wife. Out of anger, Sakura breaks the ground with a punch, but then she apologizes to Sarada for raising her voice and reassures her that Sasuke's feelings are connected with hers. Sakura subsequently faints upon seeing their house become demolished from the blow. In an effort to find their family portrait amid the ruins of the house, Sarada discovers that Sasuke's picture is that of a larger one featuring Karin, Suigetsu, and Jugo. Sarada notices that Karin wears glasses very similar to hers, which further fuels her doubt about her relationship to her mother. With Sakura in the hospital to recover from the stress, Sarada asks Shizune if she is in fact the daughter of Sasuke and Sakura. Shizune confirms this but becomes just as vague as Sakura when pressed by Sarada for more information. Sarada and Chocho run into each other at a restaurant, with Chocho revealing that she does not believe she is related to her parents and expressing her desire to travel in order to find her real ones. Sarada is inspired by the idea and resolves to track Sasuke down and make him tell her everything. In an unknown location, Sasuke emerges from a portal. He quickly finds himself attacked by an unknown assailant and activates his Sharingan. \n20 | \"The Boy With The Sharingan\" \"Sharingan no shōnen\" (写 輪 眼 の 少年) | August 16, 2017 | TBA \nThe mysterious person attacks Sasuke and gets defeated by him. Despite this, Sasuke is surprised to see that he has the Sharingan in possession. He then disappears from there. At the Hokage's office, Naruto receives a message from Sasuke and calls Kakashi to discuss the situation. Meanwhile, the person who attacked Sasuke meets someone, tells him about Sasuke's strength and they talk about their intentions of killing Sasuke. After talking with Kakashi, Naruto decides to meet up with Sasuke himself, and Sarada hears him, who came there to ask Naruto about Sasuke's whereabouts. She decides to chase after Naruto to meet her father. Sarada gets prepared for the journey and waits for Naruto at the village's entrance. There, she meets Chocho, who also plans to go on a journey to find her real father. Naruto departs and Sarada tries to chase after him but is left behind because Chocho falls halfway. Boruto comes to deliver a lunch box to Naruto but arrives late, and Sarada asks him to let her deliver the lunch box in his place. He initially refuses but later agrees because she keeps asking him persistently. Afterwards, when Sarada and Chocho are going after Naruto, the person who attacked Sasuke earlier gets in their way, introduces himself as Shin Uchiha and asks Sarada to come with him. She refuses to go with him and he attacks them, but Naruto comes to save them and fights him using his Tailed Beast form, much to everyone's surprise. Shin then retreats from there after acknowledging that he can not win against Naruto. Sarada is worried after the incident, and Naruto assures her that he will protect her. Sarada delivers the lunch box, and Naruto decides to take them with himself for their safety. They eat their lunch, and after that Naruto tells them about how he sees Sasuke as his rival and how Sarada's appearance resembles Sasuke's, while her presence resembles Sakura's, such as her scary attitude when she gets mad. They continue their journey, and just when they are about to reach the tower where Naruto arranged to meet up with Sasuke, Chocho gets tired and Naruto tells Sarada to rest for a few moments, but she makes an excuse and goes to meet Sasuke without Naruto and Chocho. Her eyes transform into the Sharingan because of her strong desire to meet her father, and when she gets inside the tower, Sasuke points out his sword at her because, after seeing her Sharingan, he thinks that Sarada is with the person who attacked him. \n21 | \"Sasuke and Sarada\" \"Sasuke to Sarada\" (サスケ と サラダ) | August 23, 2017 | TBA",
"21 | \"Sasuke and Sarada\" \"Sasuke to Sarada\" (サスケ と サラダ) | August 23, 2017 | TBA \nShizune informs Sakura that Sarada has left the village after seeing the picture with team Taka to meet Sasuke with Naruto. Sakura explains to Shizune that she is worried Sarada might end up getting into conflicts if Sasuke is nearby. At the tower, Sasuke pierces his sword into a pillar behind Sarada and tries to grab her, but he recognizes her after she calls him \"dad\". Naruto shows up with Chocho, and Sasuke angrily asks him why he brought kids along, but Sarada tells him that she purposely followed Naruto to meet him, as she wants to know whether Sakura is her real mother. Meanwhile, Shizune gets to know from Sakura that Sarada has awakened her Sharingan a long time ago. Sakura informs Shizune that she does not want Sarada to find out her father was an enemy of Konoha in the past, this being the reason why she did not tell her about the others in the photo with team Taka. Sarada complains to Sasuke that he has never been around and that her mother never tells her anything. Sarada asks Sasuke about the woman in the picture (Karin) and his reason for abandoning his family for so long, but he replies simply that she has nothing to do with it. After hearing his answer, she cries out and leaves the tower, and Naruto asks Sasuke if it would not be better to let her know about the reason behind his absence. Both reminisce about the time when Sasuke left Konoha in order to stay vigilant in case a threat similar to Kaguya came, as such a menace would bring global harm. Back then, Sasuke decided to keep his mission a secret, even at the cost of his daughter's possible future resentment. Naruto then leaves the tower and tries to comfort Sarada. Later, a mysterious person talks to Shin about his plan to revive Akatsuki and prepares to attack everyone at the tower along with several people who look like Shin. That person uses blades to attack Naruto, who foils the attack using Kurama's chakra. Then, Sasuke joins the fight and tries to defeat the enemy using Fire Style. The enemy uses Shin as a shield. He then introduces himself as Shin Uchiha and tells everyone present about his plan to revive Akatsuki using Sasuke's Sharingan. Sasuke asks Naruto to protect Sarada and decides to fight Shin alone. As Sasuke is about to attack him, Sasuke's sword suddenly pierces Naruto, as Shin explains that this is his Dōjutsu (Visual Prowess). Accordingly, Sasuke realizes that Shin marked his sword in their fight earlier. Because of Naruto's injury, Kurama's chakra fades, and Shin attacks Sarada with his blades, but Sasuke comes in their way to protect her, injuring himself in the process. Shin stops Sasuke's movements through the blades piercing Sasuke's body. Shin moves to take Sasuke's Sharingan, but Sakura suddenly appears and defeats the enemy with a single punch. Sarada stands surprised at former Team 7's resilience and power, realizing that even Naruto's injury has already started healing. Sakura hugs Sarada and apologizes to Sasuke for not making things more clear to their daughter, but Sasuke tells her that it is his fault. Naruto grabs both older and younger Shin and drags them toward himself. As they are about to get near Naruto, Shin's mysterious creature begins teleporting Shin and Sarada to his place, but Sakura pushes her daughter out of the way and is teleported instead of her. Sakura then ends up in Shin's hideout and finds herself surrounded by more of his sons. \n22 | \"Connected Feelings\" \"Tsunagaru omoi\" (つながる 想い) | August 30, 2017 | TBA \nIn order to find Sakura, Sasuke and Naruto decide to go to Orochimaru's hideout to ask for information regarding Shin's location. Naruto tells Sarada that there is a chance she will meet the people in the picture there. Meanwhile, in his hideout, Shin explains to Sakura that human beings are bounded by their genes and are simple vessels. He also mentions how Akatsuki enables the stronger genes to thrive through battles and helps the formation of new Jutsu. On their way to Orochimaru's hideout, Naruto and Sasuke meet Captain Yamoto, who is on surveillance over Orchimaru. After getting into the hideout, they meet Sasuke's former teammates-Suigetsu and Jugo, who are the current caretakers of the hideout. Then, Orochimaru appears and meets them with a new, younger appearance. After hearing Shin's name from Sasuke, he takes them to another chamber and explains that Shin Uchiha is one of his old experiments that was used for the right arm of Danzo. Shin has a unique ability of being transplanted to or injected with anything without any side effects. He also explains why Shin refers to himself as Uchiha, the reason being that he can manifest the Sharingan and is obsessed with the Uchiha name, in particular with Sasuke's brother, Itachi. On their way out, Sarada asks Suigetsu if he knows the lady in the picture, and he identifies her as Karin. After hearing this, Sarada asks if she is in the hideout, to which Suigetsu replies that she is in another one. Then, Sarada reveals her doubts about her parentage, shocking Suigetsu and making him ask himself if her suspicions could ever be possible. In order to take a DNA test, Suigetsu takes a DNA sample from Sarada and uses what he thinks is Karin's umbilical cord. The result shows that there is a perfect match, making Suigetsu assume that Karin is Sarada's mom. Because of this, Sarada feels lied to and fooled by her mother. Realizing how Sarada feels, Suigetsu runs out of the room to prevent further problems. Naruto sees Sarada crying and comes to her. After Sarada manifests the Sharingan, Naruto shows Sarada her eyes in a mirror. He then tells her to calm down and tries to comfort her, but Sarada tells him that he has nothing to do with her and that he can not understand how she feels. Naruto says he is the Hokage and the entire village is his family, which also includes Sarada. Naruto also tells her that the bonds between a parent and a child are not just based on history and blood relations but on the love between them, and he asks Sarada if she can remember any moments that show the love between her and Sakura. Sarada does this and thinks of several such instances, which depict how Sakura was taking care of Sarada when she was sick, how she reassured her about Sasuke's love for both of them and how she poked her forehead. After remembering all of these moments, Sarada becomes willing to go and save her mother from Shin Uchiha. After both of them leave the room, Suigetsu gets frightened and hides so that Sarada can not see him. Orochimaru comments that Sakura might be dead already, to which Sasuke replies that his wife is not weak. Sasuke then says that his Visual Prowess is recovered and he will take everyone to the hideout in his Susanoo. Sarada and Chocho are amazed by his abilities. In the hideout of Shin Uchiha, Shin plans to revive Akatsuki by killing Sasuke and taking his Sharingan, as he thinks Sasuke is not worthy of the Uchiha name. \n23 | \"Bonds Come in All Shapes\" \"Tsunagari no katachi\" (つながり の カタチ) | September 6, 2017 | TBA",
"23 | \"Bonds Come in All Shapes\" \"Tsunagari no katachi\" (つながり の カタチ) | September 6, 2017 | TBA \nAs Naruto and the others are coming to save Sakura, she starts fighting Shin after gaining enough information about his evil intentions of reviving Akatsuki. Meanwhile, Naruto and the others get confronted by Shin's clones upon their arrival at the hideout. Sarada rushes to save Sakura and Sasuke goes after her, while Naruto faces Shin's clones alone. Shin attacks Sakura with his blades and successfully pierces two blades into her arm, restricting Sakura's movement. Afterwards, Shin tries to kill Sakura with a giant shuriken, but Sasuke interrupts him and immediately helps Sakura, much to Sarada's enjoyment. He then goes after Shin, who lost his right leg, but a clone of Shin gets in his way. Instead, Shin stabs Sasuke along with his clone. After Sasuke and Sakura briefly look at each other, Sakura runs to the opposite direction of Shin, who sends his blades after her, but Sasuke changes places with Sakura using his Rinnegan and she finally defeats Shin with a single punch. After that, the clones fighting Naruto come near Shin, but instead of saving him, they stab him with their weapons. They tell him that they are just following Shin's principles, as his Visual Prowess is no longer powerful, and they believe that it is their turn to get to evolve. Then, several other clones made by the clones themselves come and start fighting Naruto and Sasuke. Shin tries to teleport himself along with Sakura between all the commotion, but Sarada stops him by punching his mysterious creature who has just begun teleporting them, thus showing that she inherited Sakura's natural control over chakra, much to Sasuke's pride and Sakura's surprise. The clone fighting Naruto stops after seeing Kurama inside Naruto, and Naruto promises that they will not attack them if they behave. Sakura hugs Sarada and Sasuke tells Sarada that her existence in the world is the proof of his and Sakura's connected feelings. Afterwards, all the clones are sent to the orphanage that is run by Kabuto, and upon returning to the village, Chocho sees Choji in his slim form for the first time in her life and her quest to find her real father ends. At Orochimaru's hideout, Karin explains to Suigetsu that Sarada really is Sasuke and Sakura's daughter. She scolds Suigetsu for the mistake he made, as she was just the midwife for Sakura when Sakura went into labour, and tells him that the umbilical cord he used for the test is actually the one between Sakura and Sarada. She then urges him to go and apologize to Sarada. Sakura confirms to Sarada along with Sasuke that she is their biological child at the dining table. Next day, Sarada and Sakura see Sasuke off as he leaves for his mission. Before departing, Sasuke pokes Sarada's forehead and, remembering this gesture from her mother, Sarada turns to Sakura and smiles happily. At the academy, Sarada tells Boruto that she wants to become Hokage in the future. \n24 | \"Boruto and Sarada\" \"Boruto to Sarada\" (ボルト と サラダ) | September 13, 2017 | TBA \nKonoha hosts a summit between the Five Kage, during which Boruto tries to deface his father's statue once again. Sarada and Sakura place their newly taken family photo in their new home. After this, with her Sharingan now fully unlocked, Sarada trains with Chocho to become Hokage, but she explains that, on her mother's advice, she plans to keep her new power a secret to avoid being targeted in the future. Konohamaru teaches Sarada more about the Sharingan and tells her she is now his rival toward becoming Hokage. During the summit, Naruto reveals that Sasuke has been using his Rinnegan to investigate the other dimensions and fears that one of them may be harboring dangerous threats. While the other Kage express concern that the new generation of ninja are not cut out for taking on threats should they be faced with a new war, Naruto reveals his belief that the new generation will manage to surpass them. \n25 | \"The Turbulent Field Trip\" \"Haran no shūgakuryokō! !\" (波乱 の 修学 旅行! !) | September 20, 2017 | TBA \nWith last week's fear of war still hanging in the air, Naruto hopes to improve relations with the Land of Water by sending his village's students on a field trip to their Hidden Village. Principal Iruka concurs, and before they know it the students are on a cruise ship en route to the Hidden Mist. To the surprise of the students the Mist has been completely modernized, perhaps even more so than the Leaf, and seeing their amazement in the midst of a different village and culture is undoubtedly entertaining. In typical anime fashion, the girls are charmed by the foreign boys, while the boys are more interested in games and movies. \n26 | \"The Mizukage's Successor\" \"Mizukage no kōkeisha\" (水 影 の 後継 者) | September 27, 2017 | TBA \nLast week's instructive foray into the Hidden Mist extends into a class visit to the office of the new Mizukage, Chojuro. Boruto quickly tires of Chojuro's speech about unity between the villages, which the Kage mercifully cuts short. Kagura continues the Kage's story later, explaining that Chojuro is the reason for the Mist Village's recent prosperity. Kagura takes some time to reflect on the \"Blood Mist's\" dark past, which triggers a rather pertinent outburst from Iwabe. Iwabe tells a story about his grandfather being killed by the Fourth Mizukage, making a point that the Mist should not be so quick to write off their violent history when the war is still fresh in the minds of their victims. \n27 | \"A Shinobi Bout of Friendship\" \"Yūjō no shinobi bauto\" (友情 の シノビバウト) | October 4, 2017 | TBA \nWith Kagura's help, Boruto and his friends manage to save Denki from the Kirigakure's ninjas led by Hachiya. After this, Kagura confesses to the others that he is the grandson of the 4th Mikuzage, Yagura, and is afraid of wielding his sword because it once drove him to kill many of his classmates. Meanwhile, Shino, Anko and Mei discuss the issues between Kirigakure and the Land of the Water that could create another war. As the Konohagakure boys befriend Kagura, they wonder why did Hachiya take such methods. Happy with having obtained friends, Kagura informs the Mizukage Chojuro. \n28 | \"Declaration of War\" \"Sensen fukoku\" (宣戦 布告) | October 11, 2017 | TBA",
"27 | \"A Shinobi Bout of Friendship\" \"Yūjō no shinobi bauto\" (友情 の シノビバウト) | October 4, 2017 | TBA \nWith Kagura's help, Boruto and his friends manage to save Denki from the Kirigakure's ninjas led by Hachiya. After this, Kagura confesses to the others that he is the grandson of the 4th Mikuzage, Yagura, and is afraid of wielding his sword because it once drove him to kill many of his classmates. Meanwhile, Shino, Anko and Mei discuss the issues between Kirigakure and the Land of the Water that could create another war. As the Konohagakure boys befriend Kagura, they wonder why did Hachiya take such methods. Happy with having obtained friends, Kagura informs the Mizukage Chojuro. \n28 | \"Declaration of War\" \"Sensen fukoku\" (宣戦 布告) | October 11, 2017 | TBA \nKagura decides to become one of the Seven Ninja Swordsman of Mist, so he starts practicing with the Hiramekarei sword. Boruto comes to meet him as he calls Boruto to show him the Hiramekarei sword. Boruto congratulates Kagura and assures him that he will become a good leader of the village. As Boruto is praising Kagura, someone suddenly captured them using Water Style. He then release them and Kagura calls him Shizuma. Shizuma tells them his plan to start another war by killing Boruto. Kagura tries to change his mind but instead he makes Kagura reminisce the time when he tried to kill a student at the academy, and Shizuma stopped him. He tells Kagura that the present Mizukage is hiring assassins to kill those who oppose him. After that, Boruto starts fighting Shizuma and when he tries his Lightning Style against him, his subordinates show up to help Shizuma in killing Boruto. Boruto gets pass through his subordinates using a new technique but Shizuma easily defeats him. Kagura saves him from drowning into the water, and Shizuma tells Boruto that he and the others are Seven Ninja Swordsman of Mist and Kagura is also one of them. He then orders Kagura to kill Boruto but instead he points out his sword at Shizuma. Kagura then agrees to join the Shizuma's group and asks to spare Boruto's life. Kagura leaves with the others and Boruto faints because of his injuries. When he wakes up, Sarada tells him that Hachiya told her about him. He apologizes to Boruto for his earlier actions. Suigetsu is shown in Kirigakure reveling Shizuma's full name Shizuma Hoshigaki. He then disappears as soon as Mitsuki shows up. Boruto asks Hachiya about the relation between Kagura and Shizuma, and he tells Boruto that Kagura feels indebted to Shizuma because he hurt him in the past. Sarada plans to tell the teachers about it, but Boruto stops her because he wants to save Kagura himself. Sarada agrees on the condition that he will let her go with him. \n29 | \"The New Seven Ninja Swordsmen!\" \"Shin shinobigatana shichininshū! !\" (新 ・ 忍 刀 七 人 衆! !) | October 18, 2017 | TBA \nBoruto and Sarada convince Chojuro to help them take down Shizuma's gang and save Kagura, but they quickly find out that the \"New Seven Swordsmen of the Mist\" are not to be trifled with. Sarada is hit by an explosive attack that drops her through a deep hole into a cave, where she is confronted by Buntan Kurosuki, who wields the sword Kiba. Sarada's absence leaves Boruto and Chojuro as the only two remaining to take on Shizuma and the other five. Suigetsu confronts Mitsuki and warns him not to let his origins be revealed by saving Boruto. Shikadai and Inojin eavesdrop on Suigetsu and Mitsuki but are quickly discovered and recruited by Mitsuki to help take down Shizuma. \n30 | \"The Sharingan vs. The Lightning Blade, Kiba the Fang!\" \"Sharingan bāsasu raitō Kiba\" (写 輪 眼 VS ( バーサス) 雷 刀 牙 ) | October 25, 2017 | TBA \nAs Buntan begins pressuring Sarada with her array of Lightning Release techniques augmented by the Kiba, Sarada manages to hold her own with her Sharingan. Buntan voices both her excitement and disdain at facing the Sharingan, seeing it as not only an unfair lineage trait but also a shortcut to power. Sarada retorts that Buntan stole the Kiba, but Buntan insists that she earned them and proved to be her father's child by more than just lineage. As the two continue to clash, with Sarada continuously copying her opponent's attacks, the Konoha-nin realizes that their constant lightning attacks are heating the water around them and creating a mist. Sarada lures Buntan into the mist with genjutsu and uses the increased hydrogen to set off a large explosion with her paper bomb. Buntan is defeated, but Sarada collapses in exhaustion from excessive usage of her Sharingan. Meanwhile, Kagura fights Boruto and prepares to strike him down; Chojuro takes down three members of Shizuma's gang and is nearly ambushed before Iwabe arrives to take down the fourth, but the two get caught up in a large explosion. Elsewhere, Suigetsu gives Mitsuki a scroll, which he believes will help save Boruto. \n31 | \"Boruto and Kagura\" \"Boruto to Kagura\" (ボルト と かぐら) | November 1, 2017 | TBA \nBoruto tries to appeal to Kagura's common sense, but Shizuma's influence keeps Kagura on the attack. However, Mitsuki intervenes and reveals the scroll he received from Suigetsu:A signed confession from Shizuma's benefactors that they were using assassinations to start a new war. With his plan exposed, Shizuma attacks everyone with the Samehada. Boruto, Kagura and Mitsuki manage to beat Shizuma, but not before the Samehada fuses with Shizuma to turn him into a monster. Boruto and company overcome the transformed Shizuma and reunite with Sarada and Iwabe before returning to the hotel. \n32 | \"The Quest for Souvenirs\" \"Omiyage kuesuto\" (おみやげ クエスト) | November 8, 2017 | TBA \nAfter forgetting to get Himawari a souvenir-breaking a promise he made to her, Boruto must find a way to regain her faith in him. He promises her to retrieve his Kirigakure's Water Cinnamon Sweets he \"misplaced\". He proceeds to a shop recommended by Sarada and plays Shinobi Bout with the shop owner; an old lady. Boruto can see her cards via the reflection on a shiny jar behind the old lady and decides to tell her about it, forfeiting from the game. The old lady ultimately gives Boruto the Sweets and he presents it to Himawari. \n33 | \"The Super Beast Scroll Slump!\" \"Suranpu! ! Chōjū giga\" (スランプ! ! 超 獣 偽 画) | November 15, 2017 | TBA \nFrom Inojin Yamanaka's love of drawing since a young age, his signature technique, Super Beast Imitating Drawing, breathes life into pictures. However, one day he suddenly becomes unable to use that technique. The confused Inojin seeks out his father, Sai, who uses the same technique, but Sai does not give him any advice. For some reason, Sai then recommends Inojin to participate in a drawing competition aimed at children. Even though Inojin does well in the competition, Himawari is announced as winner by Sai. Inojin decides to master his mom's Mind Transfer Jutsu and eventually succeeds; But, fails later. Inojin realizes that he was not able to use the technique, because he lost some thing important to begin with. He accepts Himawari as his master and tries to learn what he lacks in drawing. Finally Inojin realizes that he lost his love towards drawing which caused him to lose his signature technique and overcomes it with help of Boruto and Himawari. \n34 | \"The Night of the Shooting Stars\" \"Hoshi furu yoru\" (星 降る 夜) | November 22, 2017 | TBA \nWhen Boruto realizes that graduating from the academy could mark the end of his friendships, he organizes a camping trip to solidify their bonds. Meanwhile, Sakura teaches a skeptical Sarada about how long friendships can last. \n35 | \"The Parent Teacher Conference!\" \"Sansha mendan ...! !\" (三 者 面談 ...! !) | November 29, 2017 | TBA",
"34 | \"The Night of the Shooting Stars\" \"Hoshi furu yoru\" (星 降る 夜) | November 22, 2017 | TBA \nWhen Boruto realizes that graduating from the academy could mark the end of his friendships, he organizes a camping trip to solidify their bonds. Meanwhile, Sakura teaches a skeptical Sarada about how long friendships can last. \n35 | \"The Parent Teacher Conference!\" \"Sansha mendan ...! !\" (三 者 面談 ...! !) | November 29, 2017 | TBA \nPrior to the graduation exams, it is decided that the students will take part in a three-person interview to discuss their future plans. Boruto, who has passed his ninjutsu courses with flying colors, realizes his path toward becoming a \"ninja\" has been trouble-free and easy. As the students prepare for their finals, Boruto meets a journalist named Sukea who is doing a story on them. Something about Boruto's indifferent attitude about his future as a ninja raises a red flag in Sukea, and he gives Boruto a warning. \n36 | \"The Graduation Exam Begins!\" \"Sotsugyō shiken kaishi! !\" (卒業 試験 、 開始! !) | December 6, 2017 | TBA \nAfter Boruto gets a perfect score in the ninjas' written exam, Kakashi takes interest in testing him. For the next test, the apprentices are tested by Shino, Anko, and Kakashi. Shikadai, Inojin and Chocho face Anko, Sarada and Sumire face Konohamaru, Mitsuki faces Shino, and Boruto faces Kakashi. Although Kakashi remarks that Boruto has the potential to become a mid-level ninja (Chunin), he states he lacks something to graduate. After defeating Shino, Mitsuki goes to aid Boruto. \n37 | \"A Shinobi's Resolve\" \"Shinobi no kakugo\" (忍 の 覚悟) | December 13, 2017 | TBA \nMitsuki and his friends save Boruto from Kakashi and retreat following their defeats. At night, the group think of a strategy to defeat their superiors while Boruto thinks about his will to become a ninja. In the morning, all the students manage to trap Kakashi within a barrier while Boruto tries to take the bell from him. Although they fail, Kakashi states they have already passed the test before, much to the children's surprise. As a result, Boruto and all of his friends become ninjas. \n38 | \"Formation of the Three-Man Squad?\" \"Surī manseru, kessei ...?\" (スリー マンセル 、 結成 ...?) | December 20, 2017 | TBA \nThe three-man squads are announced, with Boruto, Sarada and Mitsuki assigned to Team 3 under Konohamaru. Sarada immediately requests a transfer to a different squad, which Boruto also wants. Konohamaru tells them that the only way to change teams is to make a direct appeal to the Hokage. Elsewhere, Naruto is training the Hidden Leaf Jonin to resist his powers but is dismayed by their apparent weakness. While rushing to find the Hokage, Sarada inadvertently reveals her Sharingan to Boruto. After meeting up with Mitsuki who has Naruto's location pinned down, they are confronted at a bridge by Mirai, a Chunin and the granddaughter of the Third Hokage, who has been assigned to guard the bridge. Boruto and Sarada fall into a trap that causes the bridge ropes to snap, but Mitsuki uses his abilities to hold the bridge up-taking him out of the fight in the process. The other two struggle to overcome Mirai's advanced skills and incessant taunting at first but are told by Konohamaru to acknowledge each other's strengths and use teamwork. The pair manage to knock Mirai off the bridge and proceed on to meet with Naruto. Upon meeting him, rather than requesting a transfer, the three request that their squad be renamed \"Team 7\" in honor of the squad their parents were a part of-and hope to one day surpass. Back at the bridge, Mirai has been left tied up with no one to help her. \n39 | \"The Path Lit by the Full Moon\" \"Michita tsuki ga terasu michi\" (満ち た 月 が 照らす 道) | December 27, 2017 | TBA \nAs Sarada and Mitsuki await Boruto, the former asks the latter what does his aspire to do. Mitsuki then remembers that time ago was in the care of Suigetsu as he suffered from amnesia but still had ninja skills. Mitsuki then meets Orochimaru who introduces himself as his parent and goes on a mission with him to recover his memories. Their enemy is instead revealed to be another \"Mitsuki\" who reveals that rather than children from Orochimaru, they are experiments. Wishing to form his own identity, Mitsuki abandons Orochimaru and goes to Konohagakure, interested in Boruto. Back in the present, Mitsuki tells both Boruto and Sarada that he will always trust them. \n40 | \"Team 7:The First Mission\" \"Dainanahan, hatsu ninmu! !\" (第 七 班 ・ 初 任務! !) | January 10, 2018 | TBA \nTeam 7 is sent on their first mission. Their first mission is to expel bandits from a small village called Green Banks. As Konohamaru entrusts the village's leader, Kiri, that his students are well trained for the mission, the villagers start attacking them in the night. As Sarada realizes they are trapped in an illusion, Boruto finds one of the enemies but is wounded in the clash. After Mitsuki knocks down the berserker villagers, Kiri is taken down by the enemy. \n41 | \"Strength in Unity\" \"Kessoku no chikara\" (結束 の 力) | January 17, 2018 | TBA \nTeam 7 continue their work by going to save Kiri. The kidnapper who was after his deeds is killed by Rogue Ninjas. Konohamaru takes this chance to face them while his three students rescue Kiri and send her back to her village. However, although Konohamaru is able to defeat his enemy, another Rogue Ninja chases after the young children. As Kiri has been wounded in the previous clash, Boruto, Sarada and Mitsuki decide to work together to let Kiri rest while facing the enemy who is pursuing them. With Boruto and Mitsuki's help, Sarada manages to defeat the Rogue Ninja. After taking Kiri back to her village, Team 7 returns to Konohamaru with all its members satisfied with the results. \n42 | \"A Ninja's Job\" \"Ninja no oshigoto\" (忍者 の お 仕事) | January 24, 2018 | TBA \nAnnoyed with the boring missions they've been getting, Boruto requests a more difficult assignment. Konohamaru explains that missions like their first one are rare since they are living in a time of peace. Later that day, Team 7 is assigned to deal with a bank robber. Boruto is excited about the mission but it turns out to be a timid individual who has barricaded himself inside a bank and strapped a bomb to his chest. Boruto learns that the man is a former game programmer named Haguruma who was recently fired and he plans to activate the bomb against his former boss. Boruto manages to talk Haguruma out of it and later requests that Denki get him a job so that he can recover and redeem himself. Meanwhile, an unknown group is seen getting close to Konohagakure. \n43 | \"The Byakuya Gang Surfaces!\" \"Byakuya-dan, arawaru! !\" (白夜 団 、 現 る! !) | January 31, 2018 | TBA \nA band of thieves known as the Byakuya Gang start stealing materials from banks from Konohagakure. Sarada believes the Byakuyas might be talented in the mysterious ninjutsu technique Ice Release, so Boruto introduces her and Mitsuki to a scientist who creates ninjutsu with technology, Katasuke. Meanwhile, Shikadai becomes interested in playing shogi as part of a test from Shikamaru and in the process meets a child who plays it as well. On a following day, Team 7 tracks a Byakuya member outside Konohagakure but Boruto loses interest in stopping him upon learning he is using the items to buy poor villagers get important resources. \n44 | \"Shikadai's Doubts\" \"Shikadai no mayoi\" (シカダイ の 迷い) | February 7, 2018 | TBA",
"A band of thieves known as the Byakuya Gang start stealing materials from banks from Konohagakure. Sarada believes the Byakuyas might be talented in the mysterious ninjutsu technique Ice Release, so Boruto introduces her and Mitsuki to a scientist who creates ninjutsu with technology, Katasuke. Meanwhile, Shikadai becomes interested in playing shogi as part of a test from Shikamaru and in the process meets a child who plays it as well. On a following day, Team 7 tracks a Byakuya member outside Konohagakure but Boruto loses interest in stopping him upon learning he is using the items to buy poor villagers get important resources. \n44 | \"Shikadai's Doubts\" \"Shikadai no mayoi\" (シカダイ の 迷い) | February 7, 2018 | TBA \nDuring another attack by the Byakuya gang, Metal is wounded. Although Boruto is still conflicted about the Byakuya Gang, he still feels that their methods are not good. As the Genin are not allowed to fight them, Boruto and his friends wonder about what they could do. One of the Byakuya Gang members, Ryogi, is revealed as the child who befriended Shikadai, and is sent to Konohagakure but instead plays shogi with Shikadai again. Later, Shikadai's mother, Temari Nara, ambushes Ryogi and teams up with Boruto and her son to stop them. However, they fail. \n45 | \"Memories from the Day of Snow\" \"Yuki no hi no kioku\" (雪 の 日 の 記憶) | February 14, 2018 | TBA \nThere is anticapitalist protest against companies in Konohagakure created by Byakuyas. Despite his doubts, Ryogi decides he belongs with his group. He then remembers his parents' deaths years ago and how he attacked the assassin by awakening his Ice Release technique. Saved by Byakuya's leader, Gekko, who reveals they are independent ninjas, Ryogi joined them to fill his father's role. Nevertheless, back in the present, Ryogi once again reunites with Shikadai to play Shogi. Following the game, Shikadai proves Ryogi is from Byakuya. He then tries to make him leave Byakuya but Ryogi escapes claiming Shikadai has no potential to fight as a ninja. \n46 | \"Go! The Crest of Night Strategy\" \"Kekkō! ! Kyokuya sakusen\" (決行! ! 極 夜 作戦) | February 21, 2018 | TBA \nThe Kaminarimon company starts receiving multiple complaints as manipulated by Byakuya who plan the \"Crest of Night Strategy\". The ninjas then gather the young Genin, as Byakuya and civilians plan to attack the Kaminarimon. The Inojin, Shikadai and Chocho Team prepare a plan to stop possible thieves, with Shikadai realizing the real target might the research laboratory. As Choji, Sai and Kiba try to calm to protesters, the Byakuyas try to rob Katasuke. Shikadai and Boruto decide to work together to face the Byakuyas. The two fail to save Katasuke from the enemy but the scientists managed to leave localizer on them for the two ninjas to use. Through Sarada's Sharingan, the ninjas learn the protesters are being controlled. The Byakuyas are then ambushed by Boruto and the InoShikaCho Team. Shiikamaru, Inojin and Chocho face Gekko's underlings while Shikadai and Boruto search for the leader. Naruto manages to calm the protesters by showing them the Byakuya's real identities and their use of genjutsu. Gekko and Ryogi are then confronted by Shikadai and Boruto. \n47 | \"The Figure I Want to Be\" \"Naritai sugata\" (成り たい 駒 ( す が た) ) | February 28, 2018 | TBA \nRyogi faces Boruto and Shikadai, stating that despite becoming a thief, Gekko saved his life in the past. Ryogi initially tries to place Boruto into an illusion but Gekko judges Ryogi's loyalty by making him kill the Konohagakure ninjas. Boruto and Shikadai try facing both Ryogi and Gekko, but Gekko escapes before turning his follower into a berserker with his genjutsu. With Boruto's help, Shikadai calms Ryogi and make up. Although they believe Gekko managed to escape, Naruto reaches him and takes him down, recovering Katasuke's scroll. Ryogi accepts being imprisoned. \n48 | \"The Genin Documentary\" \"Genin dokyumentarī! !\" (下忍 ドキュメンタリー! !) | March 7, 2018 | TBA \nAs Naruto announces the examinations where low class \"genin\" ninja can become middle-ranked \"chunin\", Iwabe becomes desesperated with failing once again while interacting with Denki and Metal. Their team, Squad 5, are given a mission to appear in a film. Although they perform their techniques good to the director, their leader, Udon, cancels the mission. Iwabe becomes angered by this work and ends up fighting against his teammates. Udon calms them revealing he also used to suffer from this pressure. Later that night, Team 5 sees a building collapsing and saves the film makers taking a look there. As the director wishes to reprogram the series, Naruto congratulates Team 5 stating he never passed the exams despite being the Hokage. \n49 | \"Wasabi and Namida\" \"Wasabi de Namida\" (ワサビ で なみ だ) | March 14, 2018 | TBA \nHanabi's squad, Team 15, gets a mission to capture multiple animals released by an unknown person. Hanabi gives Wasabi, Namida and Sumire permission to capture them alone based on the fact they are not dangerous. However, Sumire wonders she should say Wasabi and Namida the truth about the Ghost Case. While the mission proceeds smoothly, Wasabi gets bothered by Namida's actions causing her to abandon the work. Alone, Namida tries to catch the last animal, the miniature monkey, but is chased by a wolf. With help of Sumire and Wasabi, Namida is able to calm the wolf. Finishing the mission, Sumire confesses she was behind Nue's actions but the trio make up. \n50 | \"The Chunin Exams:The Recommendation Meeting\" \"Chūnin senbatsu shiken suisen kaigi\" (中 忍 選抜 試験 推薦 会議) | March 21, 2018 | TBA \nThe episode started with the sudden appearance of Shikamaru in Hokage's office, as Naruto was busy with the feudal lord. Meanwhile, Shino, Konohamaru, Moegi and Udon think about their students' past activities and wonder whether they are suited to take the Chunin Examinations. When Hanabi comes, she forces Shino to drink sake, freeing all the insects inside his body. \n51 | \"Boruto's Birthday\" \"Boruto no tanjōbi\" (ボルト の 誕生 日) | March 28, 2018 | TBA \nTeam 7, Hinata, Himawari and Sakura celebrate Boruto's birthday but he is saddened by his father's absence. Boruto visits Katasuke who animates the teenager by saying he recognizes his skills in contrast to other ninjas who believe he is lucky due to being the Hokage's son. Upon returning home, Himawari wonders whether Naruto will be on her upcoming birthday which causes her older brother to promise it. Team 7 is then given a mission involving attacks to thieves. Naruto then learns about the Otsutuski clan's apparent locations and decides to take part in one of them despite being meant to be a secret to the shinobi world. Before his departure, Boruto makes his father promise he will appear on Himawari's birthday. Team 7 learns that most of the thieves were killed by an unknown \"white\" creature. In the mines, they find the thieves' corpses and are ambushed by the creatures that Konohamaru identifies as the White Zetsu. \n52 | \"Sasuke's Shadow\" \"Sasuke no kage\" (サスケ の 影) | April 4, 2018 | TBA \nAfter their opponents escape the brief scuffle, Konohamaru explains that the White Zetsu are creatures created by Kaguya Otsutuski, the originator of all ninjas who was defeated fifteen years ago in the Fourth Great Ninja War with the White Zetsu assumed to have died out. Sarada convinces Konohamaru to keep fighting the White Zetsu as the Team 7 defeats a White Zetsu. The team later learn that Sasuke has been in the area and using his Amaterasu to incinerate the remaining White Zetsu. Konohamaru reveals to his students that Sasuke is on a secret mission to investigate the Otsutuski clan but has to keep it a secret to the ninja world. Shortly afterwards, Team 7 leave the area. In Kaguya's ice dimension, Sasuke is seen confronting two figures of the main Otsutuski Clan:Kinshiki and his master Momoshiki.",
"53 | \"Himawari's Birthday\" \"Himawari no tanjōbi\" (ヒマワリ の 誕生 日) | April 11, 2018 | TBA \nToneri's body is frozen by a member from the main Otsutuski clan who called him a traitor for having done something to Boruto's eyes. Meanwhile, Boruto feels powerless for not being able to defeat the White Zetsu on his own in contrast to his teammates as well as other ninja teams seeking to participate in Chunnin Exams. Sarada convinces Boruto to participate in them in order to show off the Hokage how much he grew across his missions. As this happens, the Uzumaki family celebrates Himawari's birthday with Boruto furious to find out that Naruto used a Shadow Clone instead of being directly present for the celebration. Sasuke then returns to Konohagakure seeking to talk to Naruto. \n54 | \"Sasuke and Boruto\" \"Sasuke to Boruto\" (サスケ と ボルト) | April 18, 2018 | TBA \nSasuke informs Naruto and Shikamaru about his encounter with Kinshiki in Kaguya's dimension and his escape with a scroll about Kaguya that needs to be deciphered. As Sasuke leaves, he is confronted by Boruto, who is amazed by Sasuke's skills and requests him to be his teacher. Sasuke agrees, but with the condition that he must first learn the Rasengan, a jutsu created by Boruto's grandfather, Fourth Hokage Minato Namikaze. As Sasuke returns to his family, Boruto goes to Konohamaru to learn the Rasengan. After days of training, Boruto creates a miniature version of the Rasengan but requests Katasuke to use his invention to replicate the normal technique. Although Sasuke realizes Boruto is using technology, he accepts Boruto as his student. \n55 | \"The Scientific Ninja Tool\" \"Kagaku ningu\" (科学 忍 具) | April 25, 2018 | TBA \nSasuke starts training Boruto while telling him of his father's past following a discussion he had with Konohamaru about the issues between them. Iwabe, Sumire and the others also decide to take the Chunin Exam and turn in their applications. The Fifth Kazekage Gaara arrives from the Hidden Sand with three of his village's gennin who aim to take the exams while Boruto decides to cheat through it with Katasuke. Meanwhile, after Urashiki Otsutsuki reports his findings of the planet that Kaguya settled on, Momoshiki begins targeting the Tailed Beasts with the Eight-Tails Jinchuriki Killer Bee attacked by the Otsutsuki Clansmen. \n56 | \"Rivals, Gather!\" \"Raibaru, shūketsu! !\" (ライバル 、 集結! !) | May 3, 2018 | TBA \nThe Chunin Exams are about to begin and genin from the other villages arrive in droves. The Hidden Sand's hopefuls include the Kazekage's adopted son Shinki, and his team mates Yodo and Araya. The Hidden Mists send the Senka triplets, the Hidden Cloud sends Yurui, Iroi, and Tarui. And finally, the Hidden Rock send the Genbu Three. As formidable rivals arrive on the scene, tensions run high as every participant sizes each other up, and prepare for the first round of the Chunin Exams! \n57 | \"The Reason I Can't Lose\" \"Make rarenai riyū\" (負け られ ない 理由) | May 10, 2018 | TBA \nUrashiki attacks Gaara as the Kazkage retained chakra traces of Shukaku the One-Tail from his time as the Tailed Beast's Jinchuriki, Sasuke thanking it would be best to postpone the Exam despite the Kages' insistence. Round two of the Chunin Exams begins then. For the second test, three-man teams must try to capture their rival team's flags. Sarada and Mitsuki set out for enemy territory while Boruto stays behind to guard their flag. The Senka Triplets from the Hidden Mist attack, and Boruto finds himself in trouble. Boruto considers using the Scientific Ninja Tool that Katasuke gave him which allows him to defeat his enemy. After learning from Shikamaru that Boruto's team passed, Naruto goes to congratulate his son and wishes him success in the next round. \n58 | \"The Tournament Begins!\" \"Tōnamento, kaishi! !\" (トーナメント 、 開始! !) | May 17, 2018 | TBA \nThe third round of the exams begins, consisting of individual battles held tournament style. Boruto's first match is against Yurui of the Hidden Cloud, and Shikadai is matched up against Yodo of the Hidden Sand. While Boruto easily defeats Yurui with a Ninja Tool, Shikadai makes Yodo give up. Sarada easily defeats Tarui of the Hidden Cloud while Inojin is defeated by Araya of the Hidden Sand. Mitsuki then wins his own fight by attacking his own enemy. Cho-Cho then begins her fight against Shinki. \n59 | \"Boruto vs. Shikadai\" \"Boruto bāsasu Shikadai\" (ボルト VS ( バーサス) シカダイ ) | May 24, 2018 | TBA \nThe match between Cho-Cho and Shinki of the Hidden Sand begins. Confronted by a foe who is unbelievably calm and menacing, Cho-Cho shows a rarely serious side to herself as her teammates watch and cheer her on. Boruto and Shikadai's match is next, and the moment nears when the two friends will face off against each other for the first time! \n60 | \"The Hidden Leaf vs. The Hidden Sand\" \"Konohagakure bāsasu Sunagakure\" (木ノ葉 隠れ VS ( バーサス) 砂 隠れ ) | May 31, 2018 | TBA \nThe tournament nears its finale with the matches of Sarada and Mitsuki each having their match against their respective Hidden Sand opponents Araya and Shinki. Sarada uses her shuriken and Sharingan skills to attack Araya relentlessly, but he counters her with total ease. Her genjutsu has no effect and she is backed into a corner. In Mitsuki and Shinki's match, the evenly matched duo puts on a show of skills. \n61 | \"The Iron Sand User:Shinki\" \"Satetsu tsukai, Shinki\" (砂鉄 使い ・ シンキ) | June 7, 2018 | TBA \nThe final battle of the tournament begins with Boruto, Sarada and Shinki participating in a battle royale. As the lone representative remaining from the Hidden Sand, Shinki is driven by pride as he goes on the offensive against Boruto and Sarada. Boruto and Sarada team up to fight Shinki, but he puts up an impenetrable defense. Sarada falls, and Boruto's chakra is nearly exhausted, but he refuses to give up. He relies on the Kote and unleashes Purple Lightning, which many questioned when he learned the jutsu. Though Boruto wins the match, Naruto disqualifies him for using the Kote and Katasuke interferes by advertising the device and also concluding that Boruto is the tester. Then suddenly, Momoshiki and Kinshiki arrive at the arena. \n62 | \"The Otsutsuki Invasion\" \"Ōtsutsuki, Shūrai! !\" (大筒 木 、 襲来! !) | June 14, 2018 | TBA \nMaking themselves known by appearing in the arena, Momoshiki targets Naruto, with Boruto's Scientific Ninja Tool useless against him, while Kinshiki battles Sasuke when the Otsutsuki makes an attempt on Sarada. Meanwhile, a curious Urashiki targets Mitsuki before being driven off by Gaara and Chojuro. Naruto and the other ninja do all they can to protect the citizens. Ultimately, Naruto requests Sasuke to protect the children as he uses his power to stop Momoshiki's jutsu targeting the area. Boruto experiences his father's memories through his chakra and cries out as the blast reaches them. \n63 | \"Sasuke's Secret Weapon\" \"Sasuke no kirifuda\" (サスケ の 切り札) | June 28, 2018 | TBA \nNaruto uses all his power to protect everyone from the Otsutsuki Clan. Boruto realizes the magnitude of his father's love for the village and its people and, at the same time, his own weakness. Watching his friends working on repairs and aiding the wounded in the aftermath of the attack, Boruto realizes the meaning of his father's words. Knowing that this experience has matured his student a little, Sasuke brings up a certain mission. \n64 | \"Rescuing Naruto!\" \"Naruto, dakkan! !\" (ナルト 、 奪還! !) | July 5, 2018 | TBA \nSasuke and the Kage wage an intense battle against the ridiculously powerful Momoshiki and Kinshiki while Boruto and Naruto, who have always been at odds, finally connect for the first time. But Momoshiki interrupts their reunion while Kinshiki sacrifices himself to increase his master's power. \n65 | \"Father and Child\" \"Chichi to ko\" (父 と 子) | July 19, 2018 | TBA",
"64 | \"Rescuing Naruto!\" \"Naruto, dakkan! !\" (ナルト 、 奪還! !) | July 5, 2018 | TBA \nSasuke and the Kage wage an intense battle against the ridiculously powerful Momoshiki and Kinshiki while Boruto and Naruto, who have always been at odds, finally connect for the first time. But Momoshiki interrupts their reunion while Kinshiki sacrifices himself to increase his master's power. \n65 | \"Father and Child\" \"Chichi to ko\" (父 と 子) | July 19, 2018 | TBA \nNaruto and Sasuke fight against Momoshiki Otsutsuki. Momoshiki gets defeated, but he's helped by Katasuke and his Scientific Ninja Tool. In the end, Boruto puts an end to Momoshiki's life. While dying, Momoshiki talks to Boruto and gives him the Karma Seal. \n66 | \"My Story!\" \"Ore no monogatari ...! !\" (オレ の 物語 ...! !) | July 26, 2018 | TBA \nBoruto has made his rounds apologizing to everyone for his transgressions during the exam, but Momoshiki's prophecy continues to bother him. \n67 | \"Super Cho-Cho Butterfly Mode!\" \"Chō Chōchō chō mōdo! !\" (超 チョウ チョウ 蝶 モード! !) | August 2, 2018 | TBA \nPopular actors Tomaru and Ashina receive death threats from an unknown person, so Team 10 is assigned to a joint mission with Team 7 to guard them. The two teams assemble to get the details of their mission, but Boruto sees a beautiful girl he doesn't remember seeing before ... \n68 | \"Super Cho-Cho Kiss Mode!\" \"Chō Chōchō kisu mōdo! !\" (超 チョウ チョウ キス モード! !) | August 9, 2018 | TBA \nThe movie studio where Team 7 and Team 10 have been assigned to is attacked by a mysterious ninja. The lead actress is wounded and Tomaru, the lead actor, picks Cho-Cho to be the stand-in! Tomaru's flirting has Cho-Cho on Cloud 9, but Sarada and the others worry that the lovestruck Cho-Cho has lost her focus on the mission! \n69 | \"Super Cho-Cho Love Upheaval!\" \"Chō Chōchō koi sōdō! !\" (超 チョウ チョウ 恋 騒動! !) | August 16, 2018 | TBA \nThe ninja in the gas mask appears again during filming and kidnaps Tomaru. Despite everything that happened, Cho-Cho continues to worry about Tomaru and berates Konohamaru and Moegi for failing to stop the abductor. Meanwhile, Ashina agrees to deliver the money as instructed in the ransom note. \n70 | \"The Other Side of Anxiety\" \"Kinchō no mukō-gawa\" (緊張 の 向こう 側) | August 23, 2018 | TBA \nMetal's father, Rock Lee, announces that he will train Metal to master the ultimate taijutsu technique, the Eight Inner Gates. The thought that he can not fail this training fills Metal with anxiety, and he ends up buying an item that's supposed to calm his nerves. But it doesn't work, and his father ends up postponing the training. He then runs into Might Guy, his father's mentor and a hero of the Fourth Great Ninja War. \n71 | \"The World's Most Hardest Stone\" \"Sekai de ichiban katai ishi\" (世界 で 一 番 固い 石) | August 30, 2018 | TBA \n Boruto:Naruto Next Generations is a Japanese anime series based on the manga series of the same name and is a spin-off of and sequel to Masashi Kishimoto's Naruto. It is directed by Hiroyuki Yamashita, Noriyuki Abe and written by Makoto Uezu. Manga writer Ukyō Kodachi is supervising the series. Boruto follows the exploits of Naruto Uzumaki's son Boruto and his comrades from Konohagakure's ninja academy while finding a path to follow once they grow up. It premiered on TV Tokyo on April 5, 2017. The series is also being released in DVDs. Viz Media licensed the series on March 23, 2017 to simulcast it on Hulu, and on Crunchyroll. \n Boruto:Naruto Next Generations \n--- \nCover of the first home media release of the series featuring Sarada Uchiha, Boruto Uzumaki and Mitsuki \nCountry of origin | Japan \nNo. of episodes | 70 \nRelease \nOriginal network | TV Tokyo \nOriginal release | April 5, 2017 \nSeason chronology \n← Previous Naruto:Shippuden Season 21 \n The series uses nine pieces of theme music, three opening and six ending songs. From episodes 1-26, the first opening theme is \"Baton Road\" (バトン ロード) by KANA-BOON. From episodes 27-51, the second opening theme is \"OVER\" by Little Glee Monster. From episodes 52-75, the third opening theme is \"It's all in the game\" by Qyoto."
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"John Joseph Lee John Joseph Lee (born 9 July 1942) (commonly known as J.J. Lee), is an Irish historian and former senator. He is currently Professor of History and Glucksman Professor for Irish Studies and Director of Glucksman Ireland House, at New York University. Born in Tralee, County Kerry, he spent his early years in Castlegregory in the same county. He also lived for some years in Ballinasloe, County Galway, where he attended national school. In 1954, he was awarded a Galway County Council scholarship to attend Gormanston College, County Meath. He graduated in 1962 from University College Dublin with first-class honours in History and Economics. He completed his MA some years later on the history of the railways in nineteenth-century Ireland. He was also a graduate student of Peterhouse, Cambridge. In 1973, he published \"The Modernisation of Irish Society, 1848-1918\". The following year he moved back to Ireland to become Professor of Modern History at University College Cork, succeeding Oliver McDonagh. He held the chair until 2002. His 1989 \"\" won the \"Irish Independent/Irish Life\" Prize for History in 1991; and both the Aer Lingus/Irish Times Prize for Literature and the J.S. Donnelly, Snr. Prize for History and Social Sciences in 1992. He has been a member of the Royal Irish Academy since 1985. In 1993, he was elected to the 20th Seanad Éireann as an independent member for the National University of Ireland constituency. John Joseph Lee John Joseph Lee (born 9 July 1942) (commonly known as J.J. Lee), is an Irish historian and former senator. He is currently Professor of History and Glucksman Professor for Irish Studies and Director of Glucksman Ireland House, at New York University. Born in Tralee, County Kerry, he spent his early years in Castlegregory in the same county. He also lived for"
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"Leprechaun (video game) Leprechaun is an arcade game manufactured by Enter-Tech in 1982. It was licensed from Tong Electronic Inc. It was also manufactured as Pot of Gold by Game Plan. \"Leprechaun\" was designed for children, with a low difficulty and a smaller cabinet. The player controls a sleuth running through a forest, trying to get a Leprechaun's pot of gold. The pot of gold is randomly placed on the screen. When the pot of gold is touched, the player is taken to the next level. The Leprechaun chases the sleuth through the forest, trying to catch him. If he is caught the player loses a life and starts over from the beginning of the level. After all lives are lost, the game ends. Should the Leprechaun reach the pot of gold first, it is then relocated to another place on the screen. By touching the trees, the player's score increases, as does the value of the pot of gold. Every time the Leprechaun touches a tree, the pot's value decreases though the player's score remains the same. After each level and after every 30 seconds the Leprechaun's speed increases. Leprechaun (video game) Leprechaun is an arcade game manufactured by"
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"Sal River (India) The Sal River is a small river in Salcete, Goa in India. The river opens near Margao and passes through the villages of Benaulim, Navelim, Varca, Orlim, Carmona, Dramapur, Chinchinim, Assolna, Cavelossim, Mobor and drains itself into the Arabian Sea at Betul. Local residents of Benaulim have been complaining to the Government since 2008 about pollution and the dumping of garbage into the river and residents of Carmona have raised a Greenpeace petition to stop a \"mega-housing project\" which it is feared will add to the pollution.. On 4 February 2018, the Central Government of India sanctioned a project worth Rs. 61.74 crore for controlling the pollution on the river Sal.. Sal River (India) The Sal River is a small river in Salcete, Goa in India. The river opens near Margao and passes through the villages of Benaulim, Navelim, Varca, Orlim, Carmona, Dramapur, Chinchinim, Assolna, Cavelossim, Mobor and drains itself into the Arabian Sea at Betul. Local residents of Benaulim have been complaining to the Government since 2008 about pollution and the dumping of garbage into the river and residents of Carmona have raised a Greenpeace petition to stop a \"mega-housing project\" which it is feared will"
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"David Warnock Dr. David Warnock, OBE (April 11, 1865 in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, Scotland – August 23, 1932) was a politician and veterinarian from Alberta, Canada. He was educated at the Hamilton Academy, Lanarkshire, Scotland and at the West of Scotland Technical College (eventually becoming in 1964 the University of Strathclyde), graduating MRCVS. In 1889 he emigrated to the North West Territories, Canada. Dr. Warnock served as the first president of the Alberta Veterinary Medical Association from 1906 - 1916. Warnock was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta for the Pincher Creek electoral district in the 1909 Alberta general election. He won the a very tight race by less than 100 votes. Less than a year later he resigned his seat and took the opportunity to run in the 1911 Canadian federal election. In that federal election he ran in the Macleod district defeating incumbent Member of Parliament John Herron. He served one full term in the House of Commons of Canada and did not run again. Dr. Warnock was invested O.B.E. in June 1918 and in 1919 was appointed Deputy Minister for Agriculture, Government of British Columbia, a position he held 'till a few weeks before his death. David Warnock Dr. David Warnock, OBE (April 11, 1865 in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, Scotland – August 23, 1932) was a politician and veterinarian from Alberta, Canada. He was educated at the Hamilton Academy, Lanarkshire, Scotland and at the West of Scotland Technical College (eventually becoming in 1964 the University of Strathclyde), graduating MRCVS. In 1889 he emigrated to the North West Territories, Canada. Dr. Warnock served as the first president of the Alberta Veterinary Medical Association from 1906 - 1916. Warnock was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta for the Pincher Creek electoral district in the 1909"
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"La víbora de la mar La víbora de la mar (lit. The sea snake) is a traditional singing game originating in Mexico. It is a popular children's game in Mexico and Latin America, and also in Spain where it is known as \"pasemisí\". Children form a line holding each other's waist or clothing, and two other children raise their arms together to form an arch. Of the two children forming the arch, one of them is \"Melón\" (Honeydew or Cantaloupe) the other is \"Sandía.\" (Watermelon) The children begin to sing the song, as the \"snake\" begins to run (without separating) passing repeatedly under the arch. The lyrics of the song are such that the last of the word of each stanza can be repeated at will, and the children might decide to bring the arch down to \"capture\" someone. The fun in the game is not knowing when the arch will fall, \"capturing\" one of the children. The children who form the arch then ask: \"With whom will you stay? Melón or Sandía?\" The captured child must then queue up next to the \"fruit\" of his choice, thereby forming another arch through which the line must pass. Once all children that formed the original line are divided between \"melón\" and \"sandía\", the resulting queues must compete in a game of tug of war. The words to the song are: Spanish:<br> \"A la víbora, víbora de la mar, de la mar por aquí pueden pasar. Los de adelante corren mucho y los de atrás se quedarán tras, tras, tras, tras. Una mexicana que fruta vendía ciruela, chabacano, melón o sandía. Verbena, verbena, jardín de matatena. Verbena, verbena, la virgen de la cueva. Campanita de oro déjame pasar, Con todos mis hijos menos el de atrás Tras, tras, tras, tras. Será melón, será sandía será la vieja del otro día día, día, día, día. El puente está quebrado, que lo manden componer Con cáscaras de huevo y pedazos de oropel pel, pel, pel, pel.\" English Translation:<br> \" \"To the snake, the snake\"<br> \" Of the sea, of the sea\"<br> \" All of you can pass through here,\"<br> \" Those up front run quickly\"<br> \" Those at back are left behind\"<br> \" 'hind, 'hind, 'hind, 'hind.\" \" One Mexican (woman), who sold fruits\"<br> \" Plums, apricots, cantaloupes or watermelons\"<br> \" Verbena, verbena, garden of jacks\"<br> \" Verbena, verbena, the virgin of the cave\"<br> \" Little golden bell, let me pass\"<br> \" With all my children, except the one that's last\"<br> \" Last, last, last, last.\"<br> \" Will it be cantaloupe? Will it be watermelon?\"<br> \" Will it be the old lady we saw the other day?\"<br> \" Day, day, day, day.\" \" The bridge is broken\"<br> \" Send someone to have it fixed\"<br> \" With broken bits of eggshells\"<br> \" And pieces of aluminum foil\"<br> \" Foil, foil, foil, foil\".\" In Mexico, it has become quite popular to play this game at weddings. In this variation, single men and women are often divided, the groom and bride standing on chairs to form the arch under which everyone passes. (The groom often uses the veil or train of the bride's dress). In this case, the song is not sung, and the rhythm of music is followed, which gets faster and faster, the participants struggling to keep the \"snake\" together, while running through tables, chairs and the couple. At the end of the game, depending on the sex of the participants, the bride throws from her chair the wedding bouquet, and the groom the garter. The bouquet used to be a symbol of happiness, but in today's practice the single woman who catches the bouquet is believed to be the next to marry. Same goes to the single man who catches the garter. In some instances, it is said that they will marry each other. In Spain the game is known as \"pasemisí\". Similar games such as these exist in other traditions as well. This game can be likened to \"London Bridge is Falling Down\" in English-speaking countries, and a similar game in Japan exists, played to a song called Toryanse. La víbora de la mar La víbora de la mar (lit. The sea snake)"
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"One Town One Product (Republic of China) One Town One Product (OTOP) is a project begun in 1989 and supervised by the Small and Medium Enterprise Administration (SMEA) of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Republic of China (ROC) to promote products from the territories in the ROC jurisdiction. In 1989, to promote local companies in Taiwan, the Small and Medium Enterprise Administration, an organization under the control of Taiwan Ministry of Economic Affairs, had adapted the concept of \"One Town One Product\" from Japan and formed an expert team to research local industries and distinctive products in Taiwan. This expert team who was composed by specialists from design, financing, marketing has worked side-by-side with local companies to promote excellent products from Taiwan, especially ones that are blend of tradition and the unique art of Taiwan. OTOP at the present time has regroups more than 100 companies around Taiwan, Pescadores, and Matsu Islands. Under the close supervision and help from Small and Medium Enterprises Administration, companies have transformed the natural simple resources into masterpieces of Taiwanese traditional art which is blended by the touch of Taiwanese artist. Today, with more than 1000 products have exhibited daily in OTOP centers around the island. Under the supervision and encouragement from the Small and Medium Enterprise Administration, all the products of OTOP are handcrafts and have made from locally available material using wisdom and skill handed down from generation to generation. The OTOP project has strong support from the Taiwanese government on different levels – identifying the potential OTOP product, advising on design and production, packaging and design that can attract both local and international markets. With the support of Small and Medium Enterprise Administration, many selected products have exhibited in OTOP centers and many fairs organized by SMEA to promote these quality products into domestic and international markets. Many websites were set up to market Taiwanese town products. From last year and this year two OTOP shops were opened in KaoHsiung and in Taipei 101 to provide a greater access to international buyers and tourists varieties of traditional products developed under the OTOP – Taiwan Project. One Town One Product (Republic of China) One Town One Product (OTOP) is a project begun in 1989 and supervised by the Small and Medium Enterprise Administration (SMEA) of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Republic of China (ROC) to promote products from the"
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"I Am a Lonesome Hobo \"I Am A Lonesome Hobo\" is a song written and recorded by Bob Dylan, released in 1967 on his eighth studio album, \"John Wesley Harding\". The lyrics to \"I Am A Lonesome Hobo\" tells of the typical riches to rags tradition, where a man openly admits to being a hobo having \"tried my hand at bribery, Blackmail and deceit\", yet has \"served time for ev'rything 'cept beggin' on the street\". Dylan's style of writing often leans towards writing ballads that present his listeners with a chance to get inside the minds of social outcasts, a perspective that everyday people may overlook or misunderstand. This \"hobo\" has seen it all, once being an affluent yet selfish man unable to trust anybody, including his own brother. The hobo's isolation began not with his loss of wealth but with the effect that wealth had upon him in the first place. As the song reaches its final verse, the hobo offers advice to the common people as he plans to continue his misinterpreted wandering, asking them to, \"stay free from petty jealousies, live by no man's code, and hold your judgment for yourself lest you wind up on this road\". Within his solitariness, the hobo has found a certain philosophical stability, leaving him standing in the garb of a prophet rather than a beggar. This hobo's warning before his departure holds true to the writing style Dylan approaches with the ending of many of his songs, offering a lyrically and vocally driven picture of a life that is not typically lived or even considered. The haunting harmonica, assertive drum beat and acoustic guitar incorporates well with the clearly pronounced and elongated wordplay. The song features some of Dylan's most controlled singing, most likely being a rhetorical decision on Dylan's part because hobos are typically known for being wanderers lacking any insight or socially acceptable manners. Dylan, however, seems to put this character on a level socially where one would not typically place a vagabond, providing the idea that a hobo can be a wise man rather than some socially awkward bum. I Am a Lonesome Hobo \"I Am A Lonesome Hobo\" is a song written and recorded by Bob Dylan, released in 1967 on his eighth studio album, \"John Wesley Harding\". The lyrics to \"I Am A Lonesome Hobo\" tells of the typical riches to rags tradition, where a"
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"Bugle-Observer The Bugle-Observer is a newspaper based in Woodstock, New Brunswick, which provides local news to Carleton and York Counties. The paper publishes twice weekly, on Tuesday and a weekend edition on Friday. Woodstock's newspaper began as two papers, The Bugle and The Observer in the neighboring town of Hartland. The papers merged to become the Bugle-Observer and today provide all of Carleton County with the latest news and events. In 2008 The Bugle Observer celebrated its 100th Anniversary in the Woodstock market, one of the oldest newspapers in New Brunswick. The Bugle-Observer is published Tuesday and the Bugle-Observer Weekend is distributed Friday. The paper is owned by Brunswick News. The paper has gone by the name of \"The Bugle\" since it began in 1963 until it was sold to Brunswick News in 2003. When the Bugle began there was a rival newspaper called was called \"The Sentinel Press\". The paper in neighboring town Hartland, the \"Observer\", was bought by Brunswick News and the two were combined, merging both paper's staffs into one office in Woodstock, publishing each paper separately for a short time before combining them into one single edition to cover both towns and surrounding areas. Soon after the merge, a competing paper, called the \"Carleton Free Press\" was established by its former publisher, Ken Langdon. That paper folded after a year. Bugle-Observer The Bugle-Observer is a newspaper based in Woodstock, New Brunswick, which provides local news to Carleton and York Counties. The paper publishes twice weekly, on Tuesday and a weekend edition on Friday. Woodstock's newspaper began as two papers, The Bugle and The Observer in the neighboring town of Hartland. The papers merged to become the Bugle-Observer and today provide all of Carleton County with the latest news and events. In 2008 The Bugle Observer celebrated"
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"Itasca, Illinois Itasca is a village in DuPage County, Illinois, United States. It is located approximately 27 miles northwest of downtown Chicago. It is close to O'Hare International Airport, major expressways, and rail transportation. The population was 8,649 at the 2010 census. In 2009, \"BusinessWeek\" rated Itasca as the 'Best Affordable Suburb' in the state of Illinois. Itasca was first settled by Elijah Smith in 1841. Smith practiced medicine in Boston. In May 1841, at the advice of his colleagues he set out to find a suitable site for doctoring, farming, and raising a family. He traveled from New York via Detroit and headed toward DuPage County. His parchment government land title dated March 10, 1843, was signed by John Tyler, President of the United States. The document gave Smith title to the land that is now bounded by the railroad tracks on the south, Maple Street on the west, Cherry Street on the east, and Division Street on the north. The post office was established in 1846 and took on various names, such as Bremen, Pierce (after Charles Pierce, who ran a trading post), and Sagon. The name \"Itasca\" comes from Lake Itasca. In the 1860s the first school was built. It was a small wooden structure with one room. The building was located on a site near the present First Presbyterian Church. In 1873 Smith plotted eighty acres of his land into lots. The Chicago and Pacific Railroad was completed from Chicago to Elgin, with stations at Bensenville, Wood Dale (called Lester) and Itasca. Smith gave the right-of-way to encourage location of the tracks through the settlement. He donated $400 to help build a station. The Chicago and Pacific Railroad became \"insolvent,\" as bankruptcy was then termed. In 1880 the road went into the hands of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad, a newly formed corporation combining several rail networks. The citizens of Itasca decided in 1890 to incorporate into a village. At a meeting at his mill, A. G. Chessman was elected the first Village President. Irving Park Road was first called the Chicago and Elgin Road. At an 1891 Village Board meeting, the name was changed to Elgin Avenue. The 1900s The Village of Itasca created a Historical Commission in 1985 to retain the aesthetic beauty, character, and historical integrity of the Village. The Village of Itasca is committed to the preservation of its pre-1900 and early 1900 homes, buildings, structures, and places. In 1987, the Village adopted the Historic Preservation Ordinance which provides a mechanism to identify and preserve the special distinctive historic, aesthetic, architectural and/or landscaping characteristics of the Village's cultural, social, economic, political and architectural history. The Itasca Historical District includes the following area: Bounded on the north by North Street, on the south by Bloomingdale Road, east to Irving Park, Irving Park east to Rush Street; on the east by Cherry Street extended to Schiller Street then west to Rush Street, then south to Irving Park Road and on the west by Catalpa Avenue extended to Bloomingdale Road. The Spire, which is Itasca's most familiar landmark, graces the top of what was formerly the Lutheran Church of St. Luke. This edifice was erected in 1907 by builder Fred Westendorf. Pastor Frederick Zersen served the congregation for thirty-eight years. Church services were in German. It was not until 1926 that English services were held twice a month. German was also taught in the church school. Until 1916, there was no bank in Itasca. Herman H. Franzen took deposits for Village residents to the Roselle Bank each morning, making the trip regularly on the 9:00 AM train. In 1916, two banks opened within weeks of each other. The Itasca State Bank had as its president H. F. Lawrence. The cashier was Elmer H. Franzen. The second bank was called the Dairyman's Bank of Northern Illinois, and was opened by F. N. Peck. Peck opened a total of four banks, but the Depression forced him to close them all. The Franzen banks in Itasca, Roselle, and Fox Lake were sound throughout the hard times of the 1920s, and emerged successfully from the Depression. Telephone service had come to Itasca in 1899. Electricity was first installed in some homes in 1923. The bustling community soon gained another facility. The Itasca Country Club was opened in the spring of 1925. The rural village of the 1800s and early 1900s retained its atmosphere until the 1940s. A new word then began to enter the American vocabulary: suburb. The influence of the city increased as population increased. Commuting daily to the Loop became the routine for many of the Village wage earners. By 1982, the population had grown to 7,192. Annexations had resulted in fifty miles of Village streets, more parks, and two industrial areas to serve. Providing safety and service as population increased required the establishment of departments of public works, of sewer and water, of building and police. A park district, a Village library, and a fire district were formed. High school students from Itasca attended Bensenville's Fenton High School and Glenbard High School, a combined Glen Ellyn-Lombard school. A high school district, District 108, was organized in 1953. Lake Park High School, with students from Itasca, Roselle, Medinah, Keeneyville and Bloomingdale, opened in September 1956. Modern industry was foreign to Itasca until 1961 when Central Manufacturing District (CMD) bought about 400 acres on the western edge of the village. An industrial park was established, and such national companies as Continental Can and FMC soon moved in. In 1970, the Itasca Industrial Park was established to the east of the Village, and attracted many more industries. Anvan Corporation built a Holiday Inn on Irving Park east of Route 53. The building was of modular construction, the first such hotel in the nation to be built in this manner. In 1969, Carson Pirie Scott purchased Nordic Hills Country Club. Two 10-story tower hotel buildings were constructed adjacent to the eighteen-hole golf course. In 1973, the Carson Inn/Nordic Hills facility was annexed to the village. In October 1979, Trammell Crow Company of Texas broke ground for Hamilton Lakes. A 420-room Stouffer Hotel and a ten-story office building, completed in 1981, constituted the first phase of the project, situated on 278 acres on the northwest edge of Itasca. To date 15 buildings out of an estimated 26 have been completed, amounting to 2,767,589 gross square feet of floor space with an ultimate development of 4,490,700 gross square feet. A 16-story office building was added to the complex in 1984. In 1966, the Village purchased 60 acres of land south of Irving Park Road. This established a green belt area to ensure both open space and water retention. In 1968 the Spring Brook Nature Center was formed. A Master Plan for this area was adopted in 1965, and continues to guide the community into its future. Itasca, having celebrated its 100th anniversary in 1990, continues to control its development according to the individuality of its past. The overall growth and development of the Village has and is being controlled by the Comprehensive Plan that was first adopted in 1942 and has been amended in 1959, 1979, and 1993. Shirley H. Ketter, the first female Mayor of Itasca monumentally served as Village President of Itasca from 1983 to 1997. Former Mayor Ketter is after whom Itasca's \"Ketter Drive\" was named in 1999 in honor of her role with the Hamilton Lakes Business Park, which according to Mayor Gigi Gruber, Ketter \"created and developed the whole Hamilton project.\" Outstanding residential neighborhoods, first-rate schools, and beautiful parks distinguish Itasca as a quality community. Most importantly, we have worked to retain our small town charm with a lovely historic district and churches of all architectural styles. Itasca is located at (41.974678, -88.018513). According to the 2010 census, Itasca has a",
"Comprehensive Plan that was first adopted in 1942 and has been amended in 1959, 1979, and 1993. Shirley H. Ketter, the first female Mayor of Itasca monumentally served as Village President of Itasca from 1983 to 1997. Former Mayor Ketter is after whom Itasca's \"Ketter Drive\" was named in 1999 in honor of her role with the Hamilton Lakes Business Park, which according to Mayor Gigi Gruber, Ketter \"created and developed the whole Hamilton project.\" Outstanding residential neighborhoods, first-rate schools, and beautiful parks distinguish Itasca as a quality community. Most importantly, we have worked to retain our small town charm with a lovely historic district and churches of all architectural styles. Itasca is located at (41.974678, -88.018513). According to the 2010 census, Itasca has a total area of , of which (or 97.58%) is land and (or 2.42%) is water. As of the census of 2000, there were 8,302 people, 3,179 households, and 2,257 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,688.8 people per square mile (651.5/km²). There were 3,258 housing units at an average density of 662.7 per square mile (255.7/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 88.04% White, 1.69% African American, 0.26% Native American, 5.83% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.72% from other races, and 2.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.00% of the population. There were 3,179 households out of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.0% were non-families. 23.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.07. In the village, the population was spread out with 23.0% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 33.0% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.9 males. The median income for a household in the village was $88,282 and the median income for a family is $101,891. Males had a median income of $51,816 versus $35,541 for females. The per capita income for the village was $34,117. About 3.1% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over. Itasca's residential neighborhoods, for the most part, straddle the railroad tracks running through the village. The railroad splits the town into the \"North Side\" and the \"South Side\". (Itasca has two unincorporated neighborhoods west of Rohlwing Road: Nordic Hills near the intersection of Rohlwing and Bloomingdale Roads, and the Ranchettes near the intersection of Rohlwing and Irving Park Roads). The four main are only four railroad crossings in Itasca, from west to east: IL 53/Rohlwing Road, Catalpa Street, Walnut Street, and CR 10/Prospect Avenue and several others in the Industrial Parks. Walnut Street, between Bloomingdale Road and Division Street, is generally regarded as Itasca's \"downtown\". There is a 7-11, dry cleaners, Cucina Casale Italian Restaurant, Daddy O's Diner, Kean's Bakery, the train station, a Starbucks, Tree Guys Pizza Pub, as well as Wine With Me and Helix Camera & Video. The town's landmarks include Itasca Baptist Church, and Usher Park, which is on Walnut Street. A riverwalk was recently added, and Gigi Gruber Lane is a tribute to former mayor Gigi Gruber. Irving Park Road between Interstate 290 and First Street is also a commercial corridor, as well as the home of the town's Municipal Campus (library, museum, pool, fire station, and police station/village hall). West of I-290, Irving Park Road remains commercial, but with more national chain businesses (Holiday Inn, Subway, etc.) The Itasca post office is also on this stretch. Prior to 1995, Itasca's School District 10 had one PreK-5 elementary school on each side of town: Franzen School on the North Side and Washington School on the South Side. (Upon entering 6th grade, all students attend Peacock Jr. High (later renamed Peacock Middle School) on the town's North Side. Itasca is served by High School District 108, Lake Park High School in nearby Roselle). Beginning with the 1995-1996 school year, the elementary schools were consolidated: Benson Primary School, formerly Washington School, would become PreK-2nd Grade; Franzen Intermediate School would become 3rd-5th Grades. St. Peter the Apostle Catholic Church and School offered elementary education in Itasca from 1963 until its closure in 2010. St. Luke Lutheran Church and School dates back to 1885. The Church and school were relocated to their current location at Washington and Rush street in 1961. Arthur J. Gallagher & Co., one of the world's largest insurance brokerage firms, Midas and Fellowes, Inc. headquarters are located in Itasca. In 2014, Itasca-based LaunchPoint was ranked #100 in the Inc. (magazine) list of 5,000 fastest-growing private companies in the U.S. Additionally, PrimeCo had its headquarters in Itasca. Itasca has a station on Metra's Milwaukee District/West Line, which provides daily rail service between Elgin and Chicago (at Union Station). The town is also located at the junction of Interstate 290, Veterans Memorial Tollway, and the Elgin-O'Hare Expressway, making Itasca a prime location for commerce and industry in the northwest suburbs. State Highway 19 (Irving Park Road), which connects Chicago and Elgin, runs east–west through the center of town. State Highway 53 (Rohlwing Road) runs north–south through the western edge of the village. Itasca, Illinois Itasca is a village in DuPage County, Illinois, United States. It is located approximately 27 miles northwest of downtown Chicago. It is close to O'Hare International Airport, major expressways, and rail transportation. The population was 8,649 at the 2010 census. In 2009, \"BusinessWeek\" rated Itasca as the 'Best Affordable Suburb' in the state of Illinois. Itasca was first settled by Elijah Smith in 1841. Smith practiced medicine in Boston. In May 1841, at the advice of his"
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"Sushmita Mitra Sushmita Mitra is an Indian computer scientist and a Professor at the Machine Intelligence Unit of the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in Kolkata, India. She is currently the Head of the Machine Intelligence Unit. From 1992 to 1994 she was in the RWTH, Aachen, Germany as a DAAD Fellow. She was a Visiting Professor in the Computer Science Departments of the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada in 2004, 2007; Meiji University, Japan in 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007; and Aalborg University Esbjerg, Denmark in 2002, 2003. Dr. Mitra received the National Talent Search Scholarship (1978-1983) from NCERT, India, the University Gold Medal in 1988, the IEEE TNN Outstanding Paper Award in 1994 for her pioneering work in neuro-fuzzy computing, and the CIMPA-INRIA-UNESCO Fellowship in 1996. She is the author of the books \"Neuro-fuzzy Pattern Recognition: Methods in Soft Computing\" and \"Data Mining: Multimedia, Soft Computing, and Bioinformatics\" published by John Wiley, and \"Introduction to Machine Learning and Bioinformatics\", Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, beside a host of other edited books. Dr. Mitra has guest edited special issues of several journals, is an Associate Editor of \"IEEE/ACM Trans. on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics\", \"Information Sciences\", \"Neurocomputing\", \"Fundamenta Informatica\", and is a Founding Associate Editor of \"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (WIRE DMKD)\". Dr. Mitra is a Fellow of the IEEE, International Association for Pattern Recognition (IAPR), and Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE) and The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI). She was an IEEE CIS Distinguished Lecturer for the period 2014-2016. Dr. Mitra is the current Chair, IEEE CIS Kolkata Chapter. She has visited more than 30 countries as a Plenary/Invited Speaker or an academic visitor. She served in the capacity of Program Chair, Tutorial Chair, and as member of programme committees of many international conferences. Her current research interests include Data Mining, Pattern Recognition, Soft Computing, Medical Image Processing, and Bioinformatics. Awarded Fellow of Indian National Academy of Engineering in 2007. Sushmita Mitra Sushmita Mitra is an Indian computer scientist and a Professor at the Machine Intelligence Unit of the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in Kolkata, India. She is currently the Head of the Machine Intelligence Unit. From 1992 to 1994 she was in the RWTH, Aachen, Germany as a DAAD Fellow. She was a Visiting Professor in the Computer Science Departments of the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada in 2004, 2007; Meiji"
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"Carlos Paz de Araújo Carlos A. Paz de Araújo (born in Natal) is a Brazilian American scientist and inventor. He collects a portfolio of nearly 600 patents registered in his name. Most of them are associated with nanotechnology, particularly a ferroelectric memory chip (FeRAM) whose cost is lower than traditional models and greater capacity, (a ferroelectric memory chips have replaced the magnetic cards in Japan and China.). A full professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Paz de Araujo's groundbreaking work led to the development of integrated circuit-embedded FeRAMs used in smart cards, electronic money and other products that have revolutionized how people live. As a founder of RAMTRON and chairman and founder of Symetrix Corporation, both in Colorado Springs, Colorado, he identified SrBi2Ta203 (SBT), the ferroelectric material used in the most advanced FeRAMs. This material resolves the fatigue problem and fabrication difficulties in these memory chips and ensures that stored information is retained even after power is switched off after more than 100 billion erase and rewrite operations. Using technology similar to SBT, Paz de Araujo and his colleagues were the first to use ferroelectric thin-films as a high-k capacitor for cellular phones, integrated on a set of gallium arsenide chips. The resulting devices were 50 times smaller and drew only a fraction of the power of their predecessors. This chip set technology was a major factor in enabling the compact size of today's cellular telephones and has been incorporated into hundreds of millions of cellular phones currently in use al over the world. Working with scientists at Matsushita Electric Industry Company in Japan, he then adapted SBT technology to contactless smart cards that permit information to be continuously upgraded during use. At the present, smart cards are used for applications ranging from railway and toll-road passes to corporate security cards, drivers' licenses, telephone cards and RFID smart tags The ferroelectric memories Paz de Araujo developed permit a write speed of 60 billionths of a second with very little degradation after more than 100 billion erase-and-write operations. He and his Symetrix colleagues have since worked to increase memory density for mobile connected devices such as wireless handhelds and third-generation cell phones. He is the editor of The Journal of Integrated Ferroelectrics, and chairman of the International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics. He has edited two books on integrated ferroelectrics which he holds 190 patents and is the author or coauthor of more than 290 papers on ferroelectrics. He has bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana. He was the first Brazilian to win the top prize for technological innovation, awarded by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, known as IEEE Daniel E. Noble Award - an award considered the Nobel Prize like. Panasonic, the Japanese electronics giant, has acquired 9% of the equity of his company, Symetrix Corporetaion. In Brazil, however, he is almost unknown. His name did not begin to run when the Brazilian newspapers announced the construction of the first chip factory in the country and second in Latin America, without public investment. Carlos Paz de Araújo Carlos A. Paz de Araújo (born in Natal) is a Brazilian American scientist and inventor. He collects a portfolio of nearly 600 patents registered in his name. Most of them are associated with nanotechnology, particularly a ferroelectric memory chip (FeRAM) whose cost is lower than traditional models and greater capacity, (a ferroelectric memory chips have replaced the magnetic cards in Japan and China.). A full professor of electrical and computer engineering at"
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"Langenfeld, Rhineland Langenfeld is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) in the district of Mettmann. The suburban city is located between Düsseldorf and Cologne. Langenfeld was formed from the two localities of Richrath and Reusrath and received city rights in 1948. Langenfeld has no public debt as of October 3, 2008. The debt clock installed at the City Hall in 1997, showing the current debts of Langenfeld, the Rhineland, and the national debt, got demounted end of 2008 and handed over to Grevenbroich. In Langenfeld it had served its purpose, so the comment by former mayor Magnus Staehler. The town was honored for that with the prize \"Kommune des Jahres 2007\" (\"Municipality of the Year 2007\") in the national contest \"Großer Preis des Mittelstandes\" (\"Grand Prize by Small Firms and Traders\") of the Oskar-Patzelt-Siftung. To achieve that goal, on the one hand taxes got raised and in addition cuts of subsidies to clubs applied, so that debts halved from 1997 up to 2002. Being free of debt, and with that regaining free hand, was celebrated with a big party for the citizens at the first weekend in October under the slogan \"Golden Times\". Up to 2013 the savings from that surpluses had strongly diminished again by the budget deficits of the following years. Langenfeld is accessed by nearby highways A 3, A 59 and A 542, as well as the \"Bundesstrasse\" (federal route) B8. The mainline railway from Düsseldorf to Cologne runs through the town's area as well. Public transport is provided by the S-Bahn line S6 and various bus lines operating under the umbrella of the VRR. The nearest airports are Düsseldorf Airport (approx. 28 km) and Cologne Bonn Airport (approx. 35 km). Langenfeld, Rhineland is twinned with: Langenfeld, Rhineland Langenfeld is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) in"
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"A Toast to Men \"A Toast to Men\" is a song recorded by American singer Willa Ford, featuring vocals by Lady May. Lava released it on October 21, 2003 as a single from her cancelled second studio album \"SexySexObsessive\". Toby Gad produced the song and wrote it with Ford and Rhonda Robinson. Ford had spent approximately two years working on material for a follow-up to her debut album \"Willa Was Here\" (2001). She said that she wanted to revolutionize pop music through using the word \"fuck\". After \"SexySexObsessive\" was shelved, \"A Toast to Men\" was promoted as a solo single. Ford was hesitant on whether or not Lava Records would release the song given its provocative content. A pop song with dance influences, its lyrics are based on Ford's experiences at a sorority party; it has a hook reminiscent of sorority chants. An extended play (EP) and a music video were released to promote the song. It was featured in the 2004 film \"\". \"A Toast to Men\" received positive reviews from critics, who noted its composition and Ford's sex appeal. It peaked at number 11 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Dance Singles Sales chart and number 45 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 Singles Sales chart. Following the release of debut studio album \"Willa Was Here\" (2001), Willa Ford spent two years working on new music. She had developed the concept for \"A Toast to Men\" at a sorority party, after hearing girls chant: “Here’s to the men we love/Here’s to the men who love us/Fuck the men, let’s drink to us.” The lines would be used as the song's hook. She was uncertain if her record label, Lava, would approve of the single's use of profanity. Describing her intentions behind its lyrics, Ford said: \"I was part of the revolution, as far as changing the way people think of pop music. I wanted it to be sexy and fierce and be OK to say the word 'fuck.' I just needed some time to get out of it and figure out what the fuck was going on.\" \"A Toast to Men\" was produced by Toby Gad, who contributed to the songwriting with Willa Ford and Rhonda Robinson. Tom Coyne served as the track's mastering engineer. It includes vocals by American rapper Lady May. A pop song, \"A Toast to Men\" lasts three minutes and twelve seconds. \"Rolling Stone\"'s Gil Kaufman wrote that the song had elements of dance music, while Elysa Gardner of the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" as inspired by hip hop music and dancehall. The lyrics were compared to \"an age-old sorority chant\", and \"salty sorority chant into a female-empowerment anthem\". \"A Toast to Men\" was released as a digital download by Lava on October 21, 2003. An extended play (EP), which included the original and four remixes, was made available on November 18 of the same year. Lava promoted the song as part of Ford's second studio album \"SexySexObsessive\". After the album's cancellation, \"A Toast to Me\" was referenced as a \"solo single\" instead. Due to the song's obscenity, critics question if radio personalities could say the single's full title on air. An edit was created to better accommodate radioplay, and the song was subsequently placed on heavy rotation on both radio stations and television. The song was featured in the 2004 film \"\". Jay Hainsworth of IGN wrote that \"A Toast to Me\" was \"surrounded by controversy due to its risqué lyrics\". A music video was released to promote the single, which \"Billboard\"'s Chuck Taylor praised as \"saucy (but graciously playful)\" and \"add[ing] fuel to the flamboyant raunch\". Critics had a positive response to \"A Toast to Me\". A writer from \"Maxim\" said that Ford \"proved she's still a hellcat\" with the song, and a commentator wrote that the singer \"decided to hit hard again\". Gil Kaufman praised the single as a combination of \"Christina Aguilera's dance-influenced raunch with Pink's confessional pop\". Despite commending \"A Toast to Men\" as catchy, Chuck Taylor criticized its intention to shock the listener as too overt, and called it a \"cheap thrill\". Commercially, \"A Toast to Men\" peaked at number 11 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Dance Singles Sales chart on December 6, 2003. It also peaked at number 45 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 Singles Sales chart. Credits adapted from Tidal. A Toast to Men \"A Toast to Men\" is a song recorded by American singer Willa Ford, featuring vocals by Lady May. Lava released it on October 21, 2003 as a single from her cancelled second studio album \"SexySexObsessive\". Toby Gad produced the song and wrote it with Ford and Rhonda Robinson. Ford had spent approximately two years working on material for a follow-up to her debut album \"Willa Was Here\" (2001). She said that she wanted to revolutionize pop music through"
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"CB Conquero Club Baloncesto Conquero, is a Spanish women's basketball club based in Huelva, that currently plays in the Liga Femenina de Baloncesto. Created in 1999 from the merge of local clubs CB Gilest and CB Ciudad de Huelva, in 2008 it reached the second category and in 2012 it was promoted to the Spanish top division. In February 2016, Conquero won its first national title after defeating Perfumerías Avenida by 70–62 in the final of the Copa de la Reina. In July 2016, after finishing in the third position of the season, the club was expelled from the Liga Femenina due to its debts. After this decision, the club decided to register in the third tier while it waits for a judicial verdict about its expelling. CB Conquero Club Baloncesto Conquero, is a Spanish women's basketball club based in Huelva, that currently plays in the Liga Femenina de Baloncesto. Created in 1999 from the merge of local clubs CB Gilest and CB Ciudad de Huelva, in 2008 it reached the second category and in 2012 it was promoted to the Spanish top division. In February 2016, Conquero won its first national title after defeating Perfumerías Avenida by 70–62 in"
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"3 by 5 Initiative The 3 by 5 Initiative was an initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide antiretroviral treatment to patients with HIV/AIDS in low- and middle-income countries. The program lasted from December 2003 to December 2005, and the name \"3 by 5\" refers to the goal of treating 3 million people by 2005. The 3 by 5 Initiative is seen as the beginning of the scaling of antiretroviral treatments, and evaluations of the Initiative take this into account. The 3 by 5 Initiative was guided by five \"strategic pillars\": An evaluation team commissioned by the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) and WHO reviewed the 3 by 5 initiative between July 2005 and March 2006. The evaluation team published their report in March 2006, titled \"Progress on global access to HIV antiretroviral therapy: a report on \"3 by 5\" and beyond\". It found that 1.3 million people were receiving antiretroviral treatment in the target countries by December 2005, up from 400,000 before the start of the initiative. The evaluation team also found that many of the worst-affected countries were still far from containing their AIDS crises. It also credits the 3 by 5 Initiative with establishing antiretroviral treatment as an essential public health intervention. The evaluation team attributes some of the difficulties in achieving the goals of the Initiative to an initial lack of secured funding (resulting in delays) and an unstable management of the HIV/AIDS program (due to the high turnover rate of WHO directors). The 3 by 5 Initiative has been criticized by Arthur J. Ammann for focusing only on treatment of HIV (instead of also focusing on testing and prevention), for the high costs of the program, and for being \"top down\" instead of allowing target countries to take charge of their own AIDS programs. 3 by 5 Initiative The 3 by 5 Initiative was an initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide antiretroviral treatment to patients with HIV/AIDS in low- and middle-income countries. The program lasted from December 2003 to December 2005, and the name \"3 by 5\" refers to the goal of treating 3 million people by 2005. The 3 by 5 Initiative is seen as the beginning of the scaling of antiretroviral treatments, and evaluations of the Initiative take this into account. The 3 by 5 Initiative was guided by five \"strategic pillars\": An evaluation team commissioned by the"
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"Bal Gopal Maharjan Bal Gopal Maharjan () is a retired Nepali football player who is the current head coach of the Nepal national football team. He was in the squad which won the historic 1993 SAG gold. After his retirement from football Bal Gopal has been busy coaching different age level Nepalese teams. His major achievement during his playing career was the 1993 SAG gold medal.During 1991-1993 he played for Bangladeshi club Brothers Union.After retirement he started his coaching career with Three Star Club of Nepal. Maharjan led the national team to victory in the 2015 SAFF U-19 Championship and again in 2016 Bangabandhu Cup. On 1 June 2016, Bal Gopal was appointed head coach of Brothers Union on a three-month contract thus became the first Nepali to coach a top tier football club in another country. On 10 June 2018 he was appointed as the assistant coach of Nepal national football team under head coach Koji Gyotoku ahead of 2018 Asian Games. On 25 August 2018 he was appointed as the interim head coach of the national team.Maharjan takes over from head coach Koji Gyotoku after the Japanese national was entangled into visa issues. On 8 September 2018 Nepal defeated hosts Bangladesh 2–0 to enter the semifinals of 2018 SAFF Championship and Bal Gopal Maharjan became the first Nepalese coach to lead Nepal to SAFF semifinals. Bal Gopal Maharjan Bal Gopal Maharjan () is a retired Nepali football player who is the current head coach of the Nepal national football team. He was in the squad which won the historic 1993 SAG gold. After his retirement from football Bal Gopal has been busy coaching different age level Nepalese teams. His major achievement during his playing career was the 1993 SAG gold medal.During 1991-1993 he played for Bangladeshi club Brothers"
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"Higger Tor Higger Tor or Higgar Tor is a dominant landmark of the Dark Peak, in the north of the Peak District National Park. It is a gritstone tor overlooking the Burbage Valley and the iron age hill fort of Carl Wark to the southeast. The tor stands to the south west of Sheffield, just within the city boundary, about east of the border with Derbyshire, which runs along the nearby road to Ringinglow. The village of Hathersage is approximately to the west. A scene from the 1987 film \"The Princess Bride\" was filmed nearby at Carl Wark with Higger Tor visible in the background. Higger Tor Higger Tor or Higgar Tor is a dominant landmark of the Dark Peak, in the north of the Peak District National Park. It is a gritstone tor overlooking the Burbage Valley and the iron age hill fort of Carl Wark to the southeast. The tor stands to the south west of Sheffield, just within the city boundary, about east of the border with Derbyshire, which runs along the nearby road to Ringinglow. The village of Hathersage is approximately to the west. A scene from the 1987 film \"The Princess Bride\" was filmed nearby"
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"Never Fear Never Fear 1949 is an American drama film directed and co-written by Ida Lupino, and produced by Lupino and Collier Young. The film is also known as The Young Lovers. Carol Williams (played by Sally Forrest) is a beautiful young dancer with a promising career, struck down with and crippled by polio. Williams' dance partner and fiancé, Guy Richards (played by Keefe Brasselle), wants to see her through her illness, but Carol struggles with dealing with her recovery and prefers to go it alone. Her father (played by Herb Butterfield) takes her to the Kabat-Kaiser Institute for rehabilitation, where she meets fellow patients in recovery. One of the patients that inspire Carol's recovery is Len Randall (Hugh O'Brian in his first movie role). Only by allowing others to share her grief is Ms Williams able to pull herself together and go on with her life. Ida Lupino had contracted polio herself in 1934. She suffered the same fevers, pains and fears as did her lead character. She, too, was filled with dark thoughts and she, too, worried that she would never walk again. The major symptoms lasted only briefly and Ms. Lupino was left with minor problems in a leg and a hand. She remained a supporter of causes to fight the disease. The film \"Never Fear\" was released in 1949 at the height of the polio fear and outbreak. The rehabilitation scenes were shot at the Kabat-Kaiser Institute in Santa Monica, California. Many of the actors used were actual rehab patients at the institute and the scenes are realistic and informative. There is a particularity touching scene of wheelchair square dancing with Sally Forrest and Hugh O’Brian’s characters dancing with each other in a group of actual wheelchair dancers. The film was not popular because of the subject matter and did not make money for Filmakers, Lupino's production company. \"Variety\" reviewed it thus: \"As written by Ida Lupino and Collier Young, the screenplay was psychologically sound in dealing with the emotional ups and downs of polio victims, and it is equally convincing as a documentary of treatment with effective shots of physical therapy\". Never Fear Never Fear 1949 is an American drama film directed and co-written by Ida Lupino, and produced by Lupino and Collier Young. The film is also known as The Young Lovers. Carol Williams (played by Sally Forrest) is a beautiful young dancer with"
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"Financial Security Assurance Financial Security Assurance (FSA) is a financial guaranty (or monoline) insurance company. In 2007, before the 2008 financial crisis, FSA was ranked number four among global monoline credit insurers. FSA insured primarily municipal bonds, asset-backed securities and mortgage-backed securities. Before insuring a municipal bond, monolines request a pledge of local tax revenues or revenues from essential public services such as municipal water charges. FSA was bought on 4 March 2000 for EUR€2.7 billion by the Franco-Belgian bank Dexia. On 4 February 2008, Dexia announced that it was investing $500 million in FSA to \"take advantage\" of \"increasing opportunities that have recently emerged\" in the field of financing of US communities and public infrastructure. On 20 June 2008, the US hedge fund manager Bill Ackman announced publicly that he bet on an FSA bankruptcy. Four days later, 24 June 2008, Dexia provided FSA with a credit line of 5 billion euros with an initial term of 5 years but renewable \"as needed.\" FSA posted for the first quarter of 2008 a $421.6 million net loss. This was due to impairment losses recorded on credit default swaps and losses on its portfolio of US mortgage bonds. On 21 July 2008, Moody's placed FSA's Aaa credit rating on review for possible downgrade. On 7 August 2008, Dexia announced that FSA would exit the activity of ABS and devote its resources to public sector finance. On 1 July 2009, the FSA group, excluding its structured finance liabilities, was sold to Assured Guaranty Corporation. Assured Guaranty changed FSA's name to Assured Guaranty Municipal Corp. in July 2009. Financial Security Assurance Financial Security Assurance (FSA) is a financial guaranty (or monoline) insurance company. In 2007, before the 2008 financial crisis, FSA was ranked number four among global monoline credit insurers. FSA insured primarily"
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"Ahn Do-hyun Ahn Do-Hyun (born 1961) is a South Korean poet and university professor. Ahn Do-Hyun was born in 1961 in Yecheon, North Gyeongsang Province. While in high school, he joined the creative writing club 'Taedonggi Literary Society', coming to know fellow writers such as Hong Seung-woo, Seo Jeong-yoon, Park Deok-gyu, Kwon Tae-hyeon, Ha Eung-baek, and Lee Jeong-ha. He received many awards such as various writing contests and creative writing competitions across the country including the ‘Hakwon Literary Award’. In 1980 he entered Wonkwang University for Korean literature, and he was also active as a member of Guksi, a literary communication journal that was being published in Daegu, along with writers Park Gi-young, Park Sang-bong, and Jang Jung-il. He began his literary career as his poem “Nakdong River” (낙동강) won the [Daegu Maeil Shinmun's New Writer Contest in 1981, and his poem \"Jeon Bong-jun Goes to Seoul\" (서울로 가는 전봉준) won the Dong-A Ilbo's New Writer Contest in 1984. He started his career in education as he became a Korean language teacher at Iri Middle School on February 1985, but he was fired from Iri Middle School on August 1989 for having joined the Korean Teachers and Education Workers Union (KTU). Afterwards, until February 1994 he worked at the Iri Iksan branch of the KTU, and was also active as a member of the ‘Society of Educational Creative Writing’ with Kim Jinkyung, Do Jong-hwan, Bae Chang-hwan, Jo Jae-do, Jeong Yeong-sang, Jo Seong-sun, and Jo Hyeon-seol. In March 1994 he was transferred to Sanseo High School in Jangsu, North Jeolla Province, but he resigned from teaching on February 1997, and turned to writing full-time. Afterwards, he received a master's degree and a doctorate degree in creative writing at Dankook University's Graduate School. He is currently a creative writing professor at Woosuk University. Ahn Do-Hyun’s poetry is rooted in traditional lyric poetry. He is seen as a poet that depicts the reality of the nation and society with fine sensitivity beyond personal levels, despite the fact that he uses personal experiences as the base of his poetry. He published various poetry collections: \"Jeon Bong-jun Goes to Seoul\" (서울로 가는 전봉준) (1985), which lyrically depicts life and history from a perspective of youthful innocence; Modakbul (모닥불 The Bonfire) (1989), which contains introspection into the loneliness and the reality of surrounding life; \"Geuriun yeowoo\" (그리운 여우 The Longing Fox) (1997), which deals with issues of the time period and inner conflict; and \"Badatga woocheguk\" (바닷가 우체국 The Post Office By the Sea) (1999), which deals with rather average thing such as a post office by the sea and a countryside barber shop in sympathetic and romantic way. He has also published \"Badatga woocheguk\" (바닷가 우체국 The Post Office By the Sea) (2003), \"Neo-ege garyeogo gangeul mandeuleotda\" (너에게 가려고 강을 만들었다 I Made a River To Go To You) (2004), \"Amugeotdo anin geot-e daehayeo\" (아무것도 아닌 것에 대하여 On Something That is Nothing) (2005), and \"Ganjeolhage cham cheoleopsi\" (간절하게 참 철없이 Desperately Naïve) (2008). For fiction, he has written \"The Salmon Who Dared to Leap Higher\" (연어) (1996), which depicts a salmon’s return to its birthplace as a story of struggle of growth and the pain of love. Ahn Do-Hyun is a poet who has expressed romantic emotions with excellent realism based on a clear poetic mind. His poetry has been praised as showing clear lyricism that arouses originality with poetic language that is universal and can be easily read. The poet wrote mainly about the sorrow of poverty-ridden life until the early 90s. After the late 90s, he distanced himself from direct depiction of reality, and started to explore into nature and the simple life. His recent poetry collections show that such exploration is enabling him to go to a level that makes poetic introspection on such ‘relationships’ possible. Ahn Do-hyun Ahn Do-Hyun (born 1961) is a South Korean poet and university professor. Ahn Do-Hyun was born in 1961 in Yecheon, North Gyeongsang Province. While in high school, he joined the creative writing club 'Taedonggi Literary Society', coming to know fellow writers such as Hong Seung-woo, Seo Jeong-yoon, Park Deok-gyu, Kwon Tae-hyeon, Ha Eung-baek, and Lee Jeong-ha. He received many awards such as various"
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"* Bryce Courtenay's novel Jessica tells of a case brought in a New South Wales court against the Aboriginal Protection Board. It challenged the Aboriginal Protection Act of 1909 in order to return two children from Cootamundra Domestic Training Home for Aboriginal Girls to the Aboriginal mother. \n * Aboriginal artist and author Sally Morgan has written several novels based on the lives of her and her family members, featuring intimate portrayals of the impact of forced removal on individuals, their families, and communities, although Sally herself was not a stolen child. Her first, My Place, involves her quest to uncover her Aboriginal heritage which had previously been denied by her family, who insisted \"as a survival mechanism\" that they were of Indian extraction. \n * My Place (Fremantle:Fremantle Arts Centre Press. first published 1987) ISBN 1-86368-278-3. \n * Sally's story (Fremantle:Fremantle Arts Centre Press, 1990.) edited by Barbara Ker Wilson (' My Place' for young readers, part 1. For children. ) ISBN 0-949206-78-4. \n * Arthur Corunna's story (Narkaling Productions, 1995) edited by Barbara Ker Wilson (' My Place' for young readers, part 2. For children. ) ISBN 0-949206-77-6. \n * Mother and daughter:The story of Daisy and Glady's Corunna (Narkaling Productions, 1994) Edited by Barbara Ker Wilson (' My Place' for young readers, part 3. For children. ) ISBN 0-949206-79-2. \n * Wanamurraganya, the story of Jack McPhee (Narkaling Productions, 1990) ISBN 0-949206-99-7. \n * Benang is Indigenous Australian Kim Scott's second novel. Benang in about forced assimilation and finding how one can return to their own culture. The novel presents how difficult it is to form a working history of a population who had been historically uprooted from their past. Benang follows Harley, a young man who has gone through the process of \"breeding out the colour\", as he pieces together his family history through documentation, such as photograph and his grandfather's notes, as well as memories and experiences. Harley and his family have undergone a process of colonial scientific experimentation called \"breeding of the colour\" which separated individuals from their indigenous families and origins. \n\n\n I was at the post office with my Mum and Auntie (and cousin). They put us in the police ute and said they were taking us to Broome. They put the mums in there as well. But when we'd gone (about ten miles ( 16 km) ) they stopped, and threw the mothers out of the car. We jumped on our mothers' backs, crying, trying not to be left behind. But the policemen pulled us off and threw us back in the car. They pushed the mothers away and drove off, while our mothers were chasing the car, running and crying after us. We were screaming in the back of that car. When we got to Broome they put me and my cousin in the Broome lock-up. We were only ten years old. We were in the lock-up for two days waiting for the boat to Perth. \n | This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) \n---|---\n The Bringing Them Home report stated:\n Manne argues that the expressed views of government bureaucrats, such as A.O. Neville, to assimilate the mixed-race children into the white population by means of \"breeding out the colour\", and therefore eventually resulting in the full-bloods being \"forgotten\", bore strong similarities to the racial views of the Nazis in 1930s Nazi Germany. Manne points out that, though the term \"genocide\" had not yet entered the English language, the policies of Neville and others were termed by some contemporaries as the \"die out\" or \"breed out\" policy, giving an indication of their proposed intent. He also states that academics \"generally acknowledge\" that the authors of the Bringing Them Home report were wrong to argue that Australian authorities had committed genocide by removing indigenous children from their families. Social assimilation has never been regarded in law as equivalent to genocide. \n * Gordon Briscoe, Doctor of Indigenous History, Order of Australia. \n * Deborah Cheetham, Aboriginal soprano, actor, composer and playwright. \n * Katherine Mary Clutterbuck (Sister Kate). \n * Ken Colbung, political activist and leader. \n * Ningali Cullen (deceased), co-chair of the National Sorry Day Committee. \n * Belinda Dann, born as Quinlyn Warrakoo, forced name change to Belinda Boyd. Deceased at 107 years of age making her the longest lived member of the stolen generation. \n * Polly Farmer, Australian rules footballer. \n * Lorna Fejo, the Warumungu woman named by Kevin Rudd, in his historic Apology to the Stolen Generations, on 13 February 2008. \n * Sue Gordon, retired Perth Children's Court magistrate. \n * Ruby Hunter, musician. \n * A.O. Neville, WA Protector Of Aborigines from 1915–45 and advocate of the removal of children. \n * May O'Brien, WA educator and author. \n * Doris Pilkington Garimara, author of Follow the Rabbit-Proof Fence. \n * Bob Randall, Indigenous Australian of the Year. \n * Rob Riley (deceased), CEO of the Aboriginal Legal Service 1990–1995, author of Telling Our Story which instigated the National Inquiry into Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from their Families. \n * Archie Roach, musician. \n * Cedric Wyatt, Chief Executive Officer of the Department of Aboriginal Affairs in WA.",
"| It has been suggested that this section be split out into another article titled Apology to Australia's Indigenous peoples. (Discuss) (October 2015) \n---|---\n Numerous 19th-and early 20th-century contemporaneous documents indicate that the policy of removing mixed-race Aboriginal children from their mothers related to an assumption that the Aborigines were dying off. Given their catastrophic population decline after white contact (population shrunk from 1,250,000 in 1788 to 50,000 in 1930), whites assumed that the full-blood tribal Aboriginal population would be unable to sustain itself, and was doomed to extinction. The idea expressed by A.O. Neville, the Chief Protector of Aborigines for Western Australia, and others as late as 1930 was that mixed-race children could be trained to work in white society, and over generations would marry white and be assimilated into the society. \n Historian Professor Peter Read, then at the Australian National University, was the first to use the phrase \"stolen generation\". He published a magazine article on the topic with this title, based on his research. He expanded the article into a book, The Stolen Generations (1981). Widespread awareness of the Stolen Generations, and the practices which created it, grew in the late 1980s through the efforts of Aboriginal and white activists, artists, and musicians (Archie Roach's \"Took the Children Away\" and Midnight Oil's \"The Dead Heart\" being examples of the latter). The Mabo v Queensland (No 2) case (commonly known as the Mabo case) attracted great media and public attention to itself and to all issues related to the government treatment of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders in Australia, and most notably the Stolen Generations. \n There is some opposition to the concept of the term \"Stolen Generations\". Former Prime Minister John Howard did not believe the government should apologise to the Australian Aborigines. Then Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs John Herron disputed usage of the term in April 2000. Others who disputed the use of the term include Peter Howson, who was Minister for Aboriginal Affairs from 1971 to 1972, and Keith Windschuttle, an Australian historian who argues that various abuses towards Australian Aborigines have been exaggerated and in some cases invented. Many historians argue against these denials, including to Windschuttle in particular. Anthropologist Ron Brunton also criticised the proceedings on the basis that there was no cross-examination of those giving their testimonies or critical examination of the factual basis of the testimony. \n The term white stolen generations is used to distinguish this group from the Indigenous stolen generations. It is estimated that around 250,000 Australian-born non-Indigenous children were removed from their mothers from the 1930s to 1982 in what was widely seen by society as a whole at the time as a positive thing for both the mothers and the children. The mothers were sometimes drugged, tied to beds, or told their babies had died. Many hospitals engaged in what is now known as institutionalised baby farming, whereby those children deemed \"inferior\" were taken and adopted into the middle class. \n In 2015, many of the recommendations of Bringing Them Home were yet to be fulfilled. From 1997 to 2017 the percent of indigenous children living in out-of-home care has risen from 20% to 35% \n When Rudd announced his intention to issue an apology, the Liberal Party split on the issue in 2008. Its leader Brendan Nelson initially said that an apology would risk encouraging a \"culture of guilt\" in Australia. However, support for an apology was expressed by other senior Liberals, such as Malcolm Turnbull, Peter Costello, Bill Heffernan, and former Liberal Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser. Former Liberal minister Judi Moylan said:\"I think as a nation we owe an apology. We shouldn't be thinking about it as an individual apology–it's an apology that is coming from the nation state because it was governments that did these things.\" \n After the ceremony, the House of Representatives unanimously adopted the proposed apology motion. Six members of Nelson's opposition caucus–Don Randall, Sophie Mirabella, Dennis Jensen, Wilson Tuckey, Luke Simpkins, and Alby Schultz–left the House in protest at the apology. Peter Dutton was the only Opposition front bencher to abstain from the apology. \n On 11 December 2007, the newly installed Labor Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd, announced that the government would make an apology to Indigenous Australians, the wording of which would be decided in consultation with Aboriginal leaders. On 13 February 2008, Rudd issued the apology on the second day of parliament in Canberra. \n * The Australian film Rabbit-Proof Fence (2002), directed by Phillip Noyce, was based on the book Follow the Rabbit-Proof Fence by Doris Pilkington Garimara. It concerns the author's mother and two other mixed-race Aboriginal girls who ran away from Moore River Native Settlement, north of Perth, and returned to their Aboriginal families. In a subsequent interview with the ABC, Doris recalled her removal in 1931 from her mother at age three or four, and subsequent rearing at the settlement. She was not reunited with her mother until she was 25; all those years, she believed that her mother had given her away. When the two women were reunited, Doris was no longer able to speak her native language and had been taught to regard Indigenous culture as evil. \n * Baz Luhrmann's 2008 film Australia, starring Nicole Kidman and Hugh Jackman, deals with the Stolen Generations.",
"In 2000, Phillip Knightley summed up the Stolen Generations in these terms:\n A minority of historians dispute that substantial numbers of mixed-blood Aboriginal children were forcibly taken from their families. They contend that some children were removed mainly to protect them from neglect and abuse. Official government estimates are that between one in ten and one in three indigenous Australian children were forcibly taken from their families and communities between 1910 and 1970, affecting all regions of the country. \n I was requested to attend at the Sunshine Welfare Offices, where they formerly (sic) discharged me from State ward ship. It took the Senior Welfare Officer a mere 20 minutes to come clean, and tell me everything that my heart had always wanted to know ... that I was of \"Aboriginal descent\", that I had a Natural mother, father, three brothers and a sister, who were alive ... He placed in front of me 368 pages of my file, together with letters, photos and birthday cards. He informed me that my surname would change back to my Mother's maiden name of Angus. \n Nationally we can conclude with confidence that between one in three and one in ten Indigenous children were forcibly removed from their families and communities in the period from approximately 1910 until 1970. In certain regions and in certain periods the figure was undoubtedly much greater than one in ten. In that time not one family has escaped the effects of forcible removal (confirmed by representatives of the Queensland and WA Governments in evidence to the Inquiry). Most families have been affected, in one or more generations, by the forcible removal of one or more children. \n * The documentary Lousy Little Sixpence (1983) was the first film to deal with the Stolen Generations. Directed and produced by Alec Morgan, it won several international and Australian awards. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation did not air it for two years. The film is now standard fare in educational institutions, and has been highly influential. \n * The documentary film Kanyini (2006), directed by Melanie Hogan, featured Bob Randall. He is an elder of the Yankunytjatjara people and one of the listed traditional owners of Uluru. He was taken away from his mother as a child, living at the government reservation until he was 20, and working at various jobs, including as a carpenter, stockman, and crocodile hunter. He helped establish the Adelaide Community College and has lectured on Aboriginal cultures. He served as the director of the Northern Australia Legal Aid Service and established Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander centres at the Australian National University, University of Canberra, and University of Wollongong. \n * Episode 5, \"Unhealthy Government Experiment\", of the 1998 SBS documentary television series First Australians concerns the Stolen Generations in Western Australia.",
"This can not be over-emphasized–the Australian government literally kidnapped these children from their parents as a matter of policy. White welfare officers, often supported by police, would descend on Aboriginal camps, round up all the children, separate the ones with light-coloured skin, bundle them into trucks and take them away. If their parents protested they were held at bay by police. \n The Committee recommended \"that the State party consider the need to address appropriately the extraordinary harm inflicted by these racially discriminatory practices.\" \n The report closely examined the distinctions between \"forcible removal\", \"removal under threat or duress\", \"official deception\", \"uninformed voluntary release\", and \"voluntary release\". The evidence indicated that in numerous cases, children were brutally and forcibly removed from their parent or parents, possibly even from the hospital shortly after birth, when identified as mixed-race babies. Aboriginal Protection Officers often made the judgement to remove certain children. In some cases, families were required to sign legal documents to relinquish care to the state. In Western Australia, the Aborigines Act 1905 removed the legal guardianship of Aboriginal parents. It made all their children legal wards of the state, so the government did not require parental permission to relocate the mixed-race children to institutions. \n I've got everything that could be reasonably expected:a good home environment, education, stuff like that, but that's all material stuff. It's all the non-material stuff that I didn't have–the lineage ... You know, you've just come out of nowhere; there you are. \n In most jurisdictions, Indigenous Australians were put under the authority of a Protector, effectively being made wards of the State. The protection was done through each jurisdiction's Aboriginal Protection Board; in Victoria and Western Australia these boards were also responsible for applying what were known as Half-Caste Acts. \n Historian Peter Read referred to the children affected as the \"Stolen Generations\". Another historian, Robert Manne, defended that terminology, making the analogy that other people refer to the \"generation that lost their lives in the First World War\" without meaning over 50 per cent of the young people at the time; rather, people use that phrasing as a metaphor for a collective experience. Similarly, he believes, some of the Aboriginal community use the term to describe their collective suffering. \n The text of the apology did not refer to compensation to Aboriginal people as a whole, nor to members of the Stolen Generations specifically. Rudd followed the apology with a 20-minute speech to the house about the need for this action. The government's apology and his speech were widely applauded among both Indigenous Australians and the non-indigenous general public. \n I thought I was being taken just for a few days. I can recall seeing my mother standing on the side of the road with her head in her hands, crying, and me in the black FJ Holden wondering why she was so upset. A few hundred words can't fix this all but it's an important start and it's a beginning (...) I see myself as that little girl, crying myself to sleep at night, crying and wishing I could go home to my family. Everything's gone, the loss of your culture, the loss of your family, all these things have a big impact. \n In early 1995, Rob Riley, an activist with the Aboriginal Legal Service, published Telling Our Story. It described the large-scale negative effects of past government policies that resulted in the removal of thousands of mixed-race Aboriginal children from their families and their being reared in a variety of conditions in missions, orphanages, reserves, and white foster homes. \n In 1909 the Protector of Aborigines in South Australia, William Garnet South, reportedly \"lobbied for the power to remove Aboriginal children without a court hearing because the courts sometimes refused to accept that the children were neglected or destitute.\" South argued that \"all children of mixed descent should be treated as neglected.\" His lobbying reportedly played a part in the enactment of the Aborigines Act 1911. This designated his position as the legal guardian of every Aboriginal child in South Australia, not only the so-called \"half-castes\". \n The Alice Springs Crown Prosecutor Nanette Rogers with great courage revealed to the nation in 2006 the case of a four-year-old girl drowned while being raped by a teenager who had been sniffing petrol. She told us of the two children–one a baby–sexually assaulted by two men while their mothers were off drinking alcohol. Another baby was stabbed by a man trying to kill her mother. \n The Bringing Them Home report condemned the policy of disconnecting children from their \"cultural heritage\". One witness said to the commission:\n Activists highlighted the Stolen Generations and related Aboriginal issues during the Sydney 2000 Summer Olympics. They set up a large \"Aboriginal Tent City\" on the grounds of Sydney University to bring attention to Aboriginal issues in general. Cathy Freeman is an Aboriginal athlete who was chosen to light the Olympic flame and won the gold medal in the 400 metre sprint. In interviews, she said that her own grandmother was a victim of forced removal. The internationally successful rock group Midnight Oil attracted worldwide media interest by performing at the Olympic closing ceremony in black sweatsuits with the word \"SORRY\" emblazoned across them. \n Later that day, the Senate considered a motion for an identical apology. The Leader of the Greens, Senator Bob Brown, attempted to amend the motion to have it include words committing parliament to offering compensation to those who suffered loss under past indigenous policies, but was opposed by all the other parties. The original motion was passed unanimously. \n Following publication of the report, the parliament of the Northern Territory and the state parliaments of Victoria, South Australia, and New South Wales passed formal apologies to the Aborigines affected. On 26 May 1998, the first \"National Sorry Day\" was held; reconciliation events were held nationally, and attended by a total of more than one million people. As public pressure continued to increase on the government, Howard drafted a motion of \"deep and sincere regret over the removal of Aboriginal children from their parents\", which was passed by the federal parliament in August 1999. Howard said that the Stolen Generation represented \"the most blemished chapter in the history of this country.\" \n Sir Ronald Wilson, President of Australia's Human Rights Commission, alleged that the policies resulting in the Stolen Generations constitute attempted genocide by the government, as it was widely believed at the time that the Aborigines would die out. In its 12th report to the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, the Australian Government denied that the removal policies and programs constituted a breach of the UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. \n In relation to whether the action in NSW courts was limited by the passage of time, the Court of Appeal, reversing Studdert J, extended the limitation period for the non-equitable claims by about three decades pursuant to s 60G of the Limitation Act 1969 (NSW):Williams v Minister, Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1983 (1994) 35 NSWLR 497.",
"In relation to whether the action in NSW courts was limited by the passage of time, the Court of Appeal, reversing Studdert J, extended the limitation period for the non-equitable claims by about three decades pursuant to s 60G of the Limitation Act 1969 (NSW):Williams v Minister, Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1983 (1994) 35 NSWLR 497. \n Under the Northern Territory Aboriginals Act of 1906, The Chief Protector of Aborigines was appointed the \"legal guardian of every Aboriginal and every half-caste child up to the age of 18 years\", thus providing the legal basis for enforcing segregation. After the Commonwealth took control of the Territory, under the 1918 Aborigines Ordinance, the Chief Protector was given total control of all Indigenous women regardless of their age, unless married to a man who was \"substantially of European origin\", and his approval was required for any marriage of an indigenous woman to a non-indigenous man. \n Although the stated aim of the \"resocialisation\" programme was to improve the integration of Aboriginal people into modern (European-Australian) society, a study conducted in Melbourne and cited in the official report found that there was no tangible improvement in the social position of \"removed\" Aboriginal people as compared to \"non-removed\". Particularly in the areas of employment and post-secondary education, the removed children had about the same results as those who were not removed. In the early decades of the program, post-secondary education was limited for most Australians, but the removed children lagged behind their white contemporaries as educational opportunities improved. \n The legal circumstances regarding the Stolen Generations remain unclear. Although some compensation claims are pending, a court can not rule on behalf of plaintiffs simply because they were removed, because, at the time, such removals were authorised under Australian law. Australian federal and state governments' statute law and associated regulations provided for the removal from their birth families and communities of known mixed-race Aboriginal children, or those who visibly appeared mixed. \n | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Apology to the Stolen Generations. \n---|---\n | It has been suggested that Stolen generation testimonies be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since November 2015. \n---|---\n Nelson's speech was considered controversial and received mixed reactions. Thousands of people who had gathered in public spaces in Canberra and Melbourne to hear the apology turned their backs on the screens that broadcast Nelson speaking. In Perth, people booed and jeered until the screen was switched off. In Parliament House's Great Hall, elements of the audience began a slow clap, with some finally turning their backs. There were similar reactions and walk-outs in Sydney and elsewhere. \n Nelson later said that he supported the government apology. Following a party meeting, the Liberal Party as a whole expressed its support for an apology, and it achieved bipartisan consensus. Nelson stated:\"I, on behalf of the Coalition, of the alternative government of Australia, are (sic) providing in-principle support for the offer of an apology to the forcibly removed generations of Aboriginal children.\" \n The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act 1869 included the earliest legislation to authorise child removal from Aboriginal parents. The Central Board for the Protection of Aborigines had been advocating such powers since 1860. Passage of the Act gave the colony of Victoria a wide suite of powers over Aboriginal and \"half-caste\" persons, including the forcible removal of children, especially \"at risk\" girls. Through the late 19th and early 20th century, similar policies and legislation were adopted by other states and territories, such as the Aboriginals Protection and Restriction of the Sale of Opium Act 1897 (Qld), the Aborigines Ordinance 1918 (NT), the Aborigines Act 1934 (SA), and the 1936 Native Administration Act (WA). \n More recent usage has developed since Peter Read's publication of The Stolen Generations:The Removal of Aboriginal Children in New South Wales 1883 to 1969 (1981), which examined the history of these government actions. The 1997 publication of the government's Bringing Them Home–Report of the National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families heightened awareness of the Stolen Generations. The acceptance of the term in Australia is illustrated by the 2008 formal apology to the Stolen Generations, led by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd and passed by both houses of the Parliament of Australia. Previous apologies had been offered by State and Territory governments in the period 1997–2001. \n The study indicated that removed Aboriginal people were less likely to have completed a secondary education, three times as likely to have acquired a police record, and were twice as likely to use illicit drugs as were Aboriginal people who grew up in their ethnic community. The only notable advantage \"removed\" Aboriginal people achieved was a higher average income. The report noted this was likely due to the increased urbanisation of removed individuals, and greater access to welfare payments than for Aboriginal people living in remote communities. There seemed little evidence that removed mixed-race Aborigines had been successful in gaining better work even in urbanised areas. \n The Bringing Them Home report provided extensive details about the removal programs and their effects. Sir Ronald Wilson, former President of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission and a Commissioner on the Inquiry, stated that \"when it comes to the credibility of those stories, there is ample credibility, not from the cross-examination of the children themselves, but from the governments whose laws, practices and policies enabled these forced removals to take place. We had the support of every State government; they came to the Inquiry, came with lever-arch files setting out the laws from the earliest days right up to the end of the assimilation policy, that is up to the 1970s and more importantly, senior government offices attended. In every case, these senior officers acknowledged that there was a lot of cruelty in the application of those laws and policies.\" \n By around the age of 18, the children were released from government control. In cases where their files were available, individuals were sometimes allowed to view their own files. According to the testimony of one Aboriginal person:",
"By around the age of 18, the children were released from government control. In cases where their files were available, individuals were sometimes allowed to view their own files. According to the testimony of one Aboriginal person:\n That today we honour the Indigenous peoples of this land, the oldest continuing cultures in human history. We reflect on their past mistreatment. We reflect in particular on the mistreatment of those who were Stolen Generations–this blemished chapter in our nation's history. The time has now come for the nation to turn a new page in Australia's history by righting the wrongs of the past and so moving forward with confidence to the future. We apologise for the laws and policies of successive Parliaments and governments that have inflicted profound grief, suffering and loss on these our fellow Australians. We apologise especially for the removal of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children from their families, their communities and their country. For the pain, suffering, and hurt of these Stolen Generations, their descendants and for their families left behind, we say sorry. To the mothers and the fathers, the brothers and the sisters, for the breaking up of families and communities, we say sorry. And for the indignity and degradation thus inflicted on a proud people and a proud culture, we say sorry. We the Parliament of Australia respectfully request that this apology be received in the spirit in which it is offered as part of the healing of the nation. For the future we take heart; resolving that this new page in the history of our great continent can now be written. We today take this first step by acknowledging the past and laying claim to a future that embraces all Australians. A future where this Parliament resolves that the injustices of the past must never, never happen again. A future where we harness the determination of all Australians, Indigenous and non-Indigenous, to close the gap that lies between us in life expectancy, educational achievement, and economic opportunity. A future where we embrace the possibility of new solutions to enduring problems where old approaches have failed. A future based on mutual respect, mutual resolve and mutual responsibility. \n European Australians believed that their civilisation was superior to that of Aborigines, based on comparative technological advancement. Some adherents to these beliefs considered any proliferation of mixed-descent children (labelled \"half-castes\", \"crossbreeds\", \"quadroons\", and \"octoroons\") to be a threat to the nature and stability of the prevailing civilisation, or to a perceived racial or civilisational \"heritage\". The Northern Territory Chief Protector of Aborigines, Dr. Cecil Cook, argued that \"everything necessary (must be done) to convert the half-caste into a white citizen\". \n A common aspect of the removals was the failure by these institutions to keep records of the actual parentage of the child, or such details as the date or place of birth. As is stated in the report:\n The apology is not expected to have any legal effect on claims for compensation. \n Organisations such as the Apology Alliance and Adoption Loss Adult Support have actively campaigned for a parliamentary apology similar to that given for the Aboriginal Stolen Generations. In 2001, then treasurer of NSW Michael Egan made a statement of public acknowledgement in the NSW Parliament. In October 2010, West Australian Premier Colin Barnett delivered a parliamentary apology on behalf of state institutions involved in the aggressive adoption practices. Prime Minister Julia Gillard made a personal public apology. \n Tom Calma, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner of the Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, gave a speech formally responding to the government's apology. \n The Stolen Generations (also known as Stolen Children) were the children of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent who were removed from their families by the Australian Federal and State government agencies and church missions, under acts of their respective parliaments. The removals of those referred to as \"half-caste\" children were conducted in the period between approximately 1905 and 1969, although in some places mixed-race children were still being taken into the 1970s. Documentary evidence, such as newspaper articles and reports to parliamentary committees, suggest a range of rationales. Apparent motivations included the belief that the Aboriginal people would die out, given their catastrophic population decline after white contact, the belief that they were heathens and were better off in non-indigenous households, and the belief that full-blooded Aboriginal people resented miscegenation and the mixed-race children fathered and abandoned by white men. \n The Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission's National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families commenced in May 1995, presided over by the Commission's president Sir Ronald Wilson and its Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner Mick Dodson. During the ensuing 17 months, the Inquiry visited every state and Territory in Australia, heard testimony from 535 Aboriginal Australians, and received submissions of evidence from more than 600 more. In April 1997, the Commission released its official Bringing Them Home report. \n Compensation claims have been heard by the NSW Supreme Court's Court of Appeal in Williams v The Minister Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1983 and New South Wales (2000) NSWCA 255 and the Australian Federal Court in Cubillo v Commonwealth of Australia (2000) FCA 1084. In Williams, an individual (rather than a group of plaintiffs) made claims in negligence arising from having been placed under the control of the Aborigines Welfare Board pursuant to s 7 (2) of the Aborigines Welfare Act 1909 shortly after her birth, and was placed by the Board with the United Aborigines Mission at its Aborigines Children Home at Bomaderry near Nowra, NSW. The trial judge found that there was no duty of care and therefore that an action in negligence could not succeed. This was upheld by the NSW Court of Appeal in 2000. \n Walter Baldwin Spencer reported in the 1920s that many mixed-descent children were born to Aboriginal women and white fathers; the latter worked on construction of The Ghan railway and left the women and children when the project was completed. \n The Bringing Them Home report identified instances of official misrepresentation and deception, such as when caring and able parents were incorrectly described by Aboriginal Protection Officers as not being able to properly provide for their children. In other instances, parents were told by government officials that their child or children had died, even though this was not the case. One first-hand account referring to events in 1935 stated:\n At 9:30am on 13 February 2008, Rudd presented the apology to Indigenous Australians as a motion to be voted on by the house. The form of the apology was as follows:\n In 1915, in New South Wales, the Aborigines Protection Amending Act 1915 gave the Aborigines' Protection Board authority to remove Aboriginal children \"without having to establish in court that they were neglected.\" At the time, some members of Parliament objected to the NSW amendment; one member stated it enabled the Board to \"steal the child away from its parents.\" At least two members argued that the amendment would result in children being subjected to unpaid labour (at institutions or farms) tantamount to \"slavery\". Writing in the 21st century, Professor Peter Read said that Board members, in recording reasons for removal of children, noted simply \"For being Aboriginal.\" But the number of files bearing such a comment appear to be on the order of either one or two, with two others being noted only with \"Aboriginal\".",
"For more than a decade since the Bringing Them Home report was submitted to Liberal Prime Minister John Howard, he and his coalition colleagues consistently rejected calls for a formal government apology, though some coalition government members stated that they were personally sorry for the outcomes of the policy. They were concerned that a formal apology could be construed as an admission of deliberate wrongdoing, rather than acknowledging that the originally stated intentions of the government were believed to be in the interests of the children and their futures. Howard and his supporters were concerned that such an apology would suggest that the government would be admitting liability in any duty-of-care legal proceedings. \n * Stolen (1998) is a play by Australian playwright Jane Harrison. It tells the story of five fictional Aboriginal people by the names of Sandy, Ruby, Jimmy, Anne, and Shirley who dealt with the issues for forceful removal by Australian governments. Sandy has spent his entire life on the run, never having a set home to live in. Stolen tracks his quest for a place to be, a place where he does not have keep hiding from the government (even though they are no longer after him), and a place he can call home. Ruby was forced to work as a domestic servant from a young age and was sent insane by the constant pressure forced upon her by her white masters. She spends a lot of her time mumbling to herself, whilst her family desperately tries to help her. Jimmy was separated from his mother at a very young age, and she spent her entire life looking for him. He spent a lot of time in prison and, on the day he finally got out, he was told about his mother's search. As he went to meet her, she died, and he committed suicide in anger. Anne was removed from her family and placed in a Caucasian family's home. She was materially happy in this home, a lot happier than many of the other characters, but when her indigenous family tried to meet her, she was caught in crossfire between her two \"families\". Shirley was removed from her parents and had her children removed from her. She only felt relief, safety, and comfort when her granddaughter was born and not removed. \n * The indigenous opera Pecan Summer (2010) by Deborah Cheetham, which premiered in Mooroopna, is set at Federation Square, in Melbourne, on the day of Kevin Rudd's apology, and quotes some of his words.",
"In 1924, the Adelaide Sun wrote:\"The word' stole' may sound a bit far-fetched but by the time we have told the story of the heart-broken Aboriginal mother we are sure the word will not be considered out of place.\" \n The word \"stolen\" is used here to refer to the Aboriginal children having been taken away from their families. It has been in use for this since the early 20th century. For instance, Patrick McGarry, a member of the Parliament of New South Wales, objected to the Aborigines Protection Amending Act 1915 which authorised the Aborigines' Protection Board to remove Aboriginal children from their parents without having to establish cause. McGarry described the policy as \"steal (ing) the child away from its parents\". \n The exact number of children removed is unknown. Estimates of numbers have been widely disputed. The Bringing Them Home report says that \"at least 100,000\" children were removed from their parents. This figure was estimated by multiplying the Aboriginal population in 1994 (303,000), by the report's maximum estimate of \"one in three\" Aboriginal persons separated from their families. The report stated that \"between one in three and one in ten\" children were separated from their families, not one in three persons in the total population. Given differing populations over a long period of time, different policies at different times in different states (which also resulted in different definitions of target children), and incomplete records, accurate figures are difficult to establish. Australian historian Robert Manne suggests \"approximately 20,000 to 25,000\" were removed between 1910 and 1970, based on the Australian Bureau of Statistics report of 1994. Keith Windschuttle and other historians have argued for a much lower figure. \n the physical infrastructure of missions, government institutions and children's homes was often very poor and resources were insufficient to improve them or to keep the children adequately clothed, fed and sheltered. \n Brendan Nelson also delivered a 20-minute speech. He endorsed the apology but in his speech Nelson referred to the \"under-policing\" of child welfare in Aboriginal communities, as well as a host of social ills blighting the lives of Aboriginal people. \n | Wikinews has related news:Australian Parliament apologises to the Stolen Generations \n---|---\n The children were taken into care purportedly to protect them from neglect and abuse. However, the report said that, among the 502 inquiry witnesses, 17% of female witnesses and 7.7% of male witnesses reported having suffered a sexual assault while in an institution, at work, or while living with a foster or adoptive family. \n In April 2000, Aboriginal Affairs Minister John Herron tabled a report in the Australian Parliament in response to the Human Rights Commission report which stated that, as \"only 10% of Aboriginal children\" had been removed, they did not constitute an entire \"generation\". The report attracted media attention and protests. Herron apologised for the \"understandable offence taken by some people\" as a result of his comments, although he refused to alter the report as it had been tabled. \n Though historian Paul Bartrop rejects the use of the word genocide to describe Australian colonial history in general, he does believe that it applies to describing the Stolen Generations. Bartrop and US scholar Samuel Totten together wrote the Dictionary of Genocide, for which Bartrop wrote the entry on Australia. He said he used as the benchmark for usage of the term genocide the 1948 UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, which had also been cited by Wilson in his 1997 Bringing Them Home report. \n In the Northern Territory, the segregation of Indigenous Australians of mixed descent from \"full-blood\" indigenous people began with the government removing children of mixed descent from their communities and placing them in church-run missions, and later creating segregated reserves and compounds to hold all Indigenous Australians. This was a response to public concern over the increase in the number of mixed-descent children and sexual exploitation of young Aboriginal women by non-Indigenous men, as well as fears among non-indigenous people of being outnumbered by a mixed-descent population. \n Activists took the issue of the Stolen Generations to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. At its hearing on this subject in July 2000, the Commission on Human Rights strongly criticised the Howard government for its handling of issues related to the Stolen Generations. The UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination concluded its discussion of Australia's 12th report on its actions by acknowledging \"the measures taken to facilitate family reunion and to improve counselling and family support services for the victims\", but expressed concern:\n | The neutrality of this section is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) \n---|---\n Lyn Austin, chairwoman of Stolen Generations Victoria, expressed why she believed an apology was necessary, recounting her experiences as a stolen child:\n Between the commissioning of the National Inquiry and the release of the final report in 1997, the government of John Howard had replaced the Paul Keating government. At the Australian Reconciliation Convention in May 1997, Howard was quoted as saying:\"Australians of this generation should not be required to accept guilt and blame for past actions and policies.\" \n that the Commonwealth Government does not support a formal national apology and that it considers inappropriate the provision of monetary compensation for those forcibly and unjustifiably separated from their families, on the grounds that such practices were sanctioned by law at the time and were intended to \"assist the people whom they affected\". \n | This section focuses too much on specific examples without explaining their importance to its main subject. Please help improve this section by citing reliable, secondary sources that evaluate and synthesize these or similar examples within a broader context. (March 2017) \n---|---\n Historian Inga Clendinnen suggests that the term genocide rests on the \"question of intentionality\", saying:\"There's not much doubt, with great murderous performances that were typically called genocide, that they were deliberate and intentional. Beyond that, it always gets very murky.\" \n The report discovered that removed children were, in most cases, placed into institutional facilities operated by religious or charitable organisations. A significant number, particularly females, were \"fostered\" out. Children taken to such institutions were trained to be assimilated to Anglo-Australian culture. Policies included punishment for speaking their local indigenous languages. The intention was to educate them for a different future and to prevent their being socialised in Aboriginal cultures. The boys were generally trained as agricultural labourers and the girls as domestic servants; these were the chief occupations of many Europeans at the time in the largely rural areas outside cities.",
"The report discovered that removed children were, in most cases, placed into institutional facilities operated by religious or charitable organisations. A significant number, particularly females, were \"fostered\" out. Children taken to such institutions were trained to be assimilated to Anglo-Australian culture. Policies included punishment for speaking their local indigenous languages. The intention was to educate them for a different future and to prevent their being socialised in Aboriginal cultures. The boys were generally trained as agricultural labourers and the girls as domestic servants; these were the chief occupations of many Europeans at the time in the largely rural areas outside cities. \n As a result of such legislation, states arranged widespread removal of (primarily) mixed-race children from their Aboriginal mothers. In addition, appointed Aboriginal protectors in each state exercised wide-ranging guardianship powers over Aborigines up to the age of 16 or 21, often determining where they could live or work. Policemen or other agents of the state (some designated as \"Aboriginal Protection Officers\") were given the power to locate and transfer babies and children of mixed descent from their mothers, families, and communities into institutions for care. In these Australian states and territories, institutions (both government and missionary) for half-caste children were established in the early decades of the 20th century to care and educate the mixed-race children taken from their families. Examples of such institutions include Moore River Native Settlement in Western Australia, Doomadgee Aboriginal Mission in Queensland, Ebenezer Mission in Victoria, and Wellington Valley Mission in New South Wales, as well as Catholic missions such as Beagle Bay and Garden Point."
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"Courtney Conlogue Courtney Conlogue (born August 25, 1992) is an American professional surfer. She was born in Santa Ana, California. Courtney learned to surf at the age of 4. In 2004 when she was 11, Conlogue was the youngest athlete to be selected to the USA Junior Surf Team. She went on to achieve 11th place in the 2005 ISA World Junior Surfing Championships. By the time she was 14, she had won a surfing gold medal as a member of the U.S. Team in the X Games. When she was 17 she won the biggest competition in the US at the Hurley U.S. Open of Surfing, held at her home break in Huntington Beach, California. Conlogue suffered a major ankle injury while freesurfing before her heat at the Rip Curl Pro Bells Beach in Australia. She had to withdraw from the contest as well as the Rio Pro. After her injury, she went into total rehab mode. She was determined to get back into surfing shape and went onto her impressive wins to get her to rank in #2 place for two years in a row for the World Surf League. Winner of the 2018 Vans U.S. Open in Huntington Beach, California against WSL #1 Stephanie Gilmore. Courtney Conlogue Courtney Conlogue (born August 25, 1992) is an American professional surfer. She was born in Santa Ana, California. Courtney learned to surf at the age of 4. In 2004 when she was 11, Conlogue was the youngest athlete to be selected to the USA Junior Surf Team. She went on to achieve 11th place in the 2005 ISA World Junior Surfing Championships. By the time she was 14, she had won a surfing gold medal as a member of the U.S. Team in the X Games. When she was 17"
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"Digby (band) Digby is an American power pop band originally formed in January 2000 in Louisville, Kentucky. They had been known as 100 Acre Wood before that. The band is fairly popular within the city and surrounding area. During 2000, Digby released its first album, Laughing At The Trees. In 2004, they released their most notable album to date, \"Falling Up\", on June 1, 2004 under the Toucan Cove/Label X label. The album was produced by Todd Smith, who has done work with Days of the New and Smash Mouth. The album debuted #1 on the ear X-tacy sales chart, #92 on the CIMS sales chart, #20 on R&R's specialty chart, and #7 on FMQB's Submodern Report. Digby (band) Digby is an American power pop band originally formed in January 2000 in Louisville, Kentucky. They had been known as 100 Acre Wood before that. The band is fairly popular within the city and surrounding area. During 2000, Digby released its first album, Laughing At The Trees. In 2004, they released their most notable album to date, \"Falling Up\", on June 1, 2004 under the Toucan Cove/Label X label. The album was produced by Todd Smith, who has done work with"
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"German submarine U-980 German submarine \"U-980\" was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's \"Kriegsmarine\" during World War II. She was ordered on 5 June 1941, and was laid down on 10 August 1942 at Blohm & Voss, Hamburg, as yard number 180. She was launched on 15 April 1943 and commissioned under the command of \"Kapitänleutnant\" Hermann Dahms on 27 May 1943. German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. \"U-980\" had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to . The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . \"U-980\" was fitted with five torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes or 26 TMA mines, one SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and one twin C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between 44 — 52 men. On 11 March 1944, nine days out of Bergen on her first, and only war patrol, \"U-980\" was sunk by depth charges north of the Shetland Islands, in the Norwegian Sea. \"U-980\" was attacked by a Canadian Canso of 162 Squadron/B RCAF. All Fifty-two of her crew were lost. The wreck is located at . German submarine U-980 German submarine \"U-980\" was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's \"Kriegsmarine\" during World War II. She was ordered on 5 June 1941, and was laid down on 10 August 1942 at Blohm & Voss, Hamburg, as yard number 180. She was launched on 15 April 1943 and commissioned under the command of \"Kapitänleutnant\" Hermann Dahms on 27 May 1943. German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. \"U-980\" had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure"
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"NOAAS Rude (S 590) NOAAS \"Rude\" (S 590) was an American \"Rude\"-class hydrographic survey ship that was in commission in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) from 1970 to 2008. Prior to her NOAA career, she was in commission in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey from 1967 to 1970 as USC&GS \"Rude\" (ASV 90).She was named for Gilbert T. Rude, former Chief of the Division of Coastal Surveys of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. In 2008, NOAA decommissioned \"Rude\" and transferred her to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Renamed R/V \"Lake Explorer II\", she entered EPA service as a research ship in 2009. \"Rude\" (pronounced \"Rudy\") was built as an \"auxiliary survey vessel\" (ASV) for the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey at the Jackobson Shipyard in Oyster Bay, New York. She was launched on 17 August 1966 and commissioned into Coast and Geodetic Survey service on 29 March 1967 as USC&GS \"Rude\" (ASV 90). When the Coast and Geodetic Survey merged with other United States Government organizations to form NOAA on 3 October 1970, she became a part of the NOAA fleet as NOAAS \"Rude\" (S 590). \"Rude\"′s hull was 90 feet (27.4 m) long, the smallest in the NOAA fleet. She had a total of 11 bunk spaces. The ship's mess room could seat seven. She carried a complement of four NOAA Corps officers and seven other crew members, including one licensed engineer. \"Rude\"′s deck equipment featured one winch and one telescoping boom crane. This equipment gave \"Rude\" a lifting capacity of up to 7,500 pounds (3,400 kg). She also had 500 feet (152 meters) of cable that could pull up to 250 pounds (113 kg). For her primary mission of inshore hydrographic surveys, \"Rude\" had a differential global positioning system (DGPS), a multibeam sonar system, and side-scan sonar (SSS). She also was equipped for diving operations to allow human investigation of submerged obstacles. She had a 19-foot (5.7 m) fiberglass launch for utility or rescue operations. The Coast and Geodetic Survey acquired \"Rude\" and a sister ship of identical design, USC&GS \"Heck\" (ASV 91), later NOAAS \"Heck\" (S 591) to conduct wire-drag survey operations together, replacing the survey ships USC&GS \"Hilgard\" (ASV 82) and USC&GS \"Wainwright\" (ASV 83) in that role. Like \"Hilgard\" and \"Wainright\" before them, \"Rude\" and \"Heck\" worked together under a single command conducting wire drag surveys, clearing large swaths between them with a submerged wire. In 1978, \"Rude\" and \"Heck\" came to the assistance of the burning research vessel \"Midnight Sun\", rescuing \"Midnight Sun\"′s crew and scientists and saving the vessel from total loss. \"Rude\"′s crew took aboard all 20 of \"Midnight Sun\"s crew members and scientists, who were afloat in life rafts near \"Midnight Sun\", administered first aid to them, and transported them to shore. \"Heck\"'s crew, meanwhile, fought the fire aboard \"Midnight Sun\" for 20 consecutive hours and saved \"Midnight Sun\" from sinking. For their efforts in saving \"Midnight Sun\" and her crew, the crews of \"Rude\" and \"Heck\" received the Department of Commerce Silver Medal in 1978. Electronic technologies eventually arrived that allow a single vessel to do the same surveying work using sidescan and multibeam sonar that formerly required two vessels working together using the wire-drag technique. In 1989, \"Rude\" and \"Heck\" began working independently thanks to the improved technology, and \"Heck\" was decommissioned in 1995 and sold in 2001. \"Rude\" remained in commission and was sometimes called upon to assist the United States Coast Guard and United States Navy in search, rescue, and recovery operations. She located the wreckage of TWA Flight 800 off Moriches, New York in 1996, receiving a Department of Commerce Gold Medal that year for her efforts, and later located the plane wreckage of John F. Kennedy Jr. off Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts in 1999. \"Rude\" was decommissioned on 25 March 2008 and placed in reserve in NOAA′s Atlantic Fleet. Department of Commerce Silver Medal, 1978 In a ceremony on 23 October 1978 in Washington, D.C., \"Rude\" and \"Heck\" were awarded the Department of Commerce Silver Medal for \"rare and distinguished contributions of major significance to the Department, the nation, and the world.\" for their assistance to \"Midnight Sun\". The program for the ceremony cited the ships' achievements as follows: LCDR Robert V. Smart, LTJG Kenneth G. Vadnais, ENS Samuel P. De Bow, Jr., Messrs. William N. Brooks, Johnnie B. Davis, James S. Eamons, Kenneth M. Jones, Frank Krusz, Jr., Anthony W. Styron, and Eijah J. Willis of the NOAA Ship RUDE and LCDR Thomas W. Ruszala, LTJG Charles E. Gross, and Messrs. Mark Aldridge, Horace B. Harris, Charles J. Gentilcore, Dennis S. Brickhouse, Robert T. Lindton, Arnold K. Pedersen, Joseph Wiggins, and James P. Taylor of the NOAA Ship HECK are recognized for rescuing the crew and scientists from the burning vessel M/V MIDNIGHT SUN and saving the vessel from total loss. The crew of the NOAA Ship RUDE safely took aboard all 20 crew members of the burning vessel who were afloat in life rafts near the vessel. First aid was administered, and the crew members of the disabled ship were transported safely to shore. The crew of the NOAA Ship HECK displayed outstanding seamanship through their efforts over 20 consecutive hours to fight the fire. The actions of the two ships' crew members demonstrated superior performance and exceptional courage in a maritime emergency beyond the call of duty. In a ceremony on 4 December 1996 in Washington, D.C., \"Rude\" was awarded the Department of Commerce Gold Medal for \"rare and distinguished contributions of major significance to the Department, the nation, and the world.\" for her response as a part of the NOAA TWA Flight 800 Disaster Response Team. The program for the ceremony cited the team's achievements as follows: The NOAA TWA Flight 800 Disaster Response Team is recognized for their crucial role in providing precise map mosaics of the Atlantic Ocean debris fields off Long Island, New York. The mosaics were instrumental in victim recovery, salvage and investigative efforts. Within hours after the disaster, the NOAA team arrived on the site and began surveying the ocean floor with highly sophisticated side scan sonar equipment. The team utilized the sonar data to produce precisely located graphic descriptions of the debris fields. Without the products and services provided by the response team, the recovery of the victims and the wreckage would have been a nearly impossible task. In August 2008, NOAA transferred the ship to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at the NOAA Marine Operations Base at Norfolk, Virginia. The EPA renamed her R/V \"Lake Explorer II\" and earmarked her for environmental research operations on the Great Lakes. After acquiring \"Lake Explorer II\", the EPA converted her for use as a research vessel. The EPA retained all of the ship′s navigation equipment, her A-frame, and her accommodations of 11 bunks located in four double stateroom and one triple stateroom. However, the EPA removed all of her NOAA science equipment and installed new equipment appropriate to her new environmental research role, including a winch and an additional frame. On 22 September 2008, while \"Lake Explorer II\" was moored in the Elizabeth River at the NOAA Marine Operations Base at Norfolk, still without her new name painted on her side, she suffered a fracture in a stern tube which ran through her center fuel tank, causing her to spill an estimated 1,400 U.S. gallons (5,300 liters) of diesel fuel into the river. Her crew contained the leak, and a combined effort by the U.S. Coast Guard, Norfolk Fire Department, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, and an oil spill response organization the EPA hired contained and cleaned up the spill. During the summer of 2009, \"Lake Explorer II\" was hauled out of the water at a shipyard in Portsmouth, Virginia, for upgrades to her structural",
"research role, including a winch and an additional frame. On 22 September 2008, while \"Lake Explorer II\" was moored in the Elizabeth River at the NOAA Marine Operations Base at Norfolk, still without her new name painted on her side, she suffered a fracture in a stern tube which ran through her center fuel tank, causing her to spill an estimated 1,400 U.S. gallons (5,300 liters) of diesel fuel into the river. Her crew contained the leak, and a combined effort by the U.S. Coast Guard, Norfolk Fire Department, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, and an oil spill response organization the EPA hired contained and cleaned up the spill. During the summer of 2009, \"Lake Explorer II\" was hauled out of the water at a shipyard in Portsmouth, Virginia, for upgrades to her structural components. A major part of this phase of her conversion was the installation of a new tank to hold all sewage generated aboard the ship, to ensure her compliance with strict zero-discharge standards for sewage on the Great Lakes. While she was out of the water at Portsmouth, the shipyard also replaced shaft tubes, replaced or rebuilt sea valves, painted her bottom with new anti-foul paint, and conducted a routine out-of-water inspection of her equipment and hull. In EPA service, the ship has a crew of four – a captain, first mate, chief engineer, and first engineer – and can embark up to seven scientists. On 1 October 2009, with the conversion complete, \"Lake Explorer II\" and her crew departed the NOAA Marine Operations Base at Norfolk and, after a two-day transit in Atlantic Ocean waters, arrived in New York Harbor on 3 October 2009. Following a stay at New York City, the ship proceeded up the Hudson River to Albany, New York, where she entered the New York State Canal System. Over the course of four days, she navigated the Erie Canal and Oswego Canal, passing through 30 locks, before entering Lake Ontario at Oswego, New York. \"Lake Explorer II\" then crossed Lake Ontario, Lake Erie, Lake Huron, and Lake Superior, passing through nine more canal locks along the way, before arriving at her new home port, Duluth, Minnesota, on 16 October 2009, completing a 15-day journey of 1,580 miles. Operated throughout the Great Lakes by the EPA′s Mid-Continent Ecology Division, \"Lake Explorer II\" conducts research surveys designed to develop a comprehensive environmental assessment of coastal conditions in the Great Lakes and demonstrate a new generation of lakewide assessment designs which include nearshore ecosystems in lakewide assessment. Her work includes the use of advanced technologies for sampling aquatic life, water quality, and sediments, including the deployment of advanced \"in situ\" environmental sensing system packages, which make continuous synoptic maps of water and plankton properties. allowing for greater efficiency during extensive research surveys. NOAA ships and aircraft NOAAS Rude (S 590) NOAAS \"Rude\" (S 590) was an American \"Rude\"-class hydrographic survey ship that was in commission in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) from 1970 to 2008. Prior to her NOAA career, she was in commission in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey from 1967 to 1970 as USC&GS \"Rude\" (ASV 90).She was"
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"Tim Horan Tim Horan AM (born 18 May 1970) is a former Australian rugby union footballer. He played for the Queensland Reds in the Super 12, and represented Australia. He was one of the best centres in the world throughout the 1990s due to his attacking prowess, formidable defence and playmaking ability. He became one of only twenty dual Rugby Union World Cup winners. As well as inside centre, Horan also played fly-half and earned one international cap on the wing. Horan's rugby career began at Toowoomba's Downlands College under First XV coach John Elders, a former coach of England. The Downlands First XV of 1987 was undefeated throughout the year, including matches against Sydney's Kings, Riverview and St Joseph's colleges. The side also included future Wallabies Brett Johnstone, Brett Robinson, Garrick Morgan, and Peter Ryan. He initially partnered Jason Little, with whom he wrote a book, \"Perfect Union\" and later in his career, Daniel Herbert. Horan and Little met when they were 13 years old, rooming together for a rugby league representative team. Horan played a role in Australia winning the 1999 Rugby World Cup. He was voted player of the tournament (winning himself a year's worth of Guinness for scoring the fastest try). His debut came in 1989 against New Zealand, where he impressed his opposite number, Joe Stanley, so much that Stanley gave Horan his Test jersey and told him to keep his own as it was his first. In his next Test, he and Little marked the experienced French pair of Franck Mesnel and Philippe Sella, and Horan scored his first two Test tries. That year, in what has become a famous incident in Australian Rugby, both he and Jason Little were subjected to a mock bar room ceremony in which they pledged not to defect to Rugby league. After winning the World Cup in 1991, in which he scored four tries and a successful Bledisloe Cup in 1992, the Wallabies endured a mixed 1993. 1994 saw Horan's career nearly end with a horrific knee injury in the Super 10 final and he would spend over a year in rehabilitation before making the squad to the 1995 World Cup defence in South Africa. In 1996 he captained the national side for the first and only time and he also played at flyhalf. He missed the 61-22 loss to South Africa but returned for a 15-all draw with England, helping Ben Tune and George Gregan score a try apiece. He peaked again for the 1999 World Cup against South Africa in the semi-final. Despite suffering from severe food poisoning the night before the match, he played against South Africa in a 27-21 extra-time win. This was followed by the second Wallaby World Cup win of his career. 2000 was to be his final Test year and was affected by injuries. He signed for English club Saracens. Horan began a career as a newspaper columnist and broadcaster. Horan is currently a Banker for Westpac Banking Corporation. He is an ambassador for Spinal Injuries Australia, speaking to school children regarding prevention of spinal injuries. Horan is also an ambassador for Aunties and Uncles - a non-profit organisation offering friendship, role-modelling and support for children in single parent or parentless families. He was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 2006 and in 2009 he was made a Member of the Order of Australia. Horan's father is Mike Horan, the former National Party and Liberal National Party Member of Parliament for the Queensland electoral district of Toowoomba South. Tim Horan has been a commentator for Fox Sports Australia since September 2010. In 2011 Horan joined Triple M's Sunday Rugby show The Ruck with Matt Burke Horan was inducted into both the World Rugby Hall of Fame and the Australian Rugby Union Hall of Fame in 2015. Tim Horan Tim Horan AM (born 18 May 1970) is a former Australian rugby union footballer. He played for the Queensland Reds in the Super 12, and represented Australia. He was one of the best centres in the world throughout the 1990s due to his attacking prowess, formidable defence and playmaking ability. He became one of only twenty dual Rugby Union World"
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"retrieved": [
"International Journalism Festival The International Journalism Festival is a journalism event annually held in Perugia, Italy (in central Italy, about 100 miles, or 160 km, north of Rome). The 2011 Festival was held April 13-17, 2011. The International Journalism Festival attracts journalists and journalism students, as well as scholars and Media agencies, who get free access to keynotes, workshops, panels and discussions on media in society. Since the foundation of the Festival in 2006 by Arianna Ciccone and Christopher Potter, several prizes, including \"A Story Still to Tell Award\" and the \"Paola Biocca International Reportage Award\" have been awarded by students of journalism and media professionals. In 2012 the prize \"A Story Still to Tell Award\" was dedicated to the memory of Mauro Rostagno. One of the journalists who was shot by Sicilian Mafia in 1988. Amongst the speakers that have previously attended the festival are Seymour Hersh, Carl Bernstein, Alastair Campbell, Stephen Doig, Hans-Gert Pöttering and Eugenio Scalfari. International Journalism Festival The International Journalism Festival is a journalism event annually held in Perugia, Italy (in central Italy, about 100 miles, or 160 km, north of Rome). The 2011 Festival was held April 13-17, 2011. The International Journalism Festival attracts"
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{
"retrieved": [
"Minatomirai Line The Minatomirai 21 Line (みなとみらい21線 \"Minato-mirai-21-sen\"), commonly known as the Minatomirai Line (みなとみらい線 \"Minatomirai-sen\"), is a subway line of the Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Company connecting Yokohama Station to Yokohama Chinatown through the Minato Mirai 21 development. On maps and station numbering the line is identified by the color navy blue and the route symbol MM. The line was opened on February 1, 2004. The whole line is underground and goes through the Yokohama Minato Mirai 21 and Kannai Districts. The line passes though numerous islands made of soft reclaimed land and channels requiring the stations to be built very deep. The original surface alignment Tokyu Toyoko line between Yokohama and Sakuragicho stations were abolished and replaced with a new underground alignment to connect and allow for through services with the newly completed Minatomirai Line. Almost all trains in the Minatomirai Line though operate with the Tokyu Toyoko line. Essentially the Minatomirai Line is an extension of the Toyoko line. Operationally the two lines operate as one with no crew change at Yokohama station when trains cross between the two companies in contrast to what is done with other through operating services in Japan. With the completion of the underground link line to the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line on March 16, 2013, Minatomirai Line trains run into the Fukutoshin Line via the Tokyu Toyoko line and beyond to the Tobu Tojo line, Seibu Yurakucho line, and Seibu Ikebukuro Line. trains run only during weekday daytime, Saturdays and on holidays during the early morning and late hours. Since March 26, 2016, trains that continuously and completely operate as express services through Tobu/Seibu, Tokyo Metro, Tokyu and Yokohama Minatomirai railways are dubbed as \"F-Liner\" services. operate at night and evening rush hour during the weekday. Many trains continue to the Fukutoshin line via the Toyoko Line as Commuter Express services. operate all day. Many trains continue to the Fukutoshin line via the Toyoko Line as local services except in the morning rush hour. trains stop at all stations. In conjunction with the Tokyu Toyoko line, Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line, Seibu Ikebukuro Line, Tobu Tojo Line, the first car is a female-only car. Key: Construction of the line started in 1993, and the line was finally opened to the public on February 1, 2004. 8-car Tokyo Metro 10000 series sets entered revenue service on the Minatomirai Line and Tokyu Toyoko Line from September 7, 2012. Minatomirai Line The Minatomirai 21 Line (みなとみらい21線 \"Minato-mirai-21-sen\"), commonly known as the Minatomirai Line (みなとみらい線 \"Minatomirai-sen\"), is a subway line of the Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Company connecting Yokohama Station to Yokohama Chinatown through the Minato Mirai 21 development. On maps and station numbering the line is identified by the color navy blue and the route symbol MM. The line was opened on February 1, 2004. The whole line is underground and goes through the Yokohama Minato Mirai 21 and Kannai Districts. The line passes though numerous islands made of soft reclaimed land and channels requiring the stations"
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{
"retrieved": [
"Cosmore Cosmore is a small village in Dorset, situated just off the main A352 Sherborne-Dorchester road. It sits at the foot of Dogbury Hill, one of Dorset's highest points. It is bounded by two minor rivers, to the East by the Caundle Brook, and to the west, the River Lydden. There are 18 separate dwellings within the village, and the population is 45-50. The village is located 9 miles North of the county town, Dorchester, and 11 miles south of the historic Abbey town of Sherborne. Historic buildings include the 18th century Revel's Inn Farm which is reputed to be in one of Thomas Hardy's novels. Cosmore Cosmore is a small village in Dorset, situated just off the main A352 Sherborne-Dorchester road. It sits at the foot of Dogbury Hill, one of Dorset's highest points. It is bounded by two minor rivers, to the East by the Caundle Brook, and to the west, the River Lydden. There are 18 separate dwellings within the village, and the population is 45-50. The village is located 9 miles North of the county town, Dorchester, and 11 miles south of the historic Abbey town of Sherborne. Historic buildings include the 18th century Revel's Inn"
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{
"retrieved": [
"Lake Harding Lake Harding, also known as \"Bartlett's Ferry Lake,\" is a reservoir on the Chattahoochee River. The lake is formed by Bartlett's Ferry Dam, and the lake is located in Harris County, Georgia with some portions of the lake going into Alabama. Lake Harding is a deep lake with a depth of over at the dam itself. The lake was originally built by the Columbus Power Company in 1926 to generate hydroelectric power. The dam and lake were bought by Georgia Power in 1930. Lake Harding has become a popular recreational area with local residents, many of whom have built lake homes along the well-developed shoreline. A major tributary of the lake is Halawakee Creek. Lake Harding features several islands. One of the most notable is Huston's Island which contains the ruins of an old lake house. Lake Harding is also the practice site of the Auburn University Club Rowing Team. The team can frequently be seen practicing early morning on weekdays. Lake Harding Lake Harding, also known as \"Bartlett's Ferry Lake,\" is a reservoir on the Chattahoochee River. The lake is formed by Bartlett's Ferry Dam, and the lake is located in Harris County, Georgia with some portions"
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{
"retrieved": [
"Church of Holy Salvation, Cetina The Church of the Holy Salvation () is a Pre-Romanesque church in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia. The exact location of the church is in a small village of Cetina, in inland of Dalmatian Zagora, on spring of river Cetina, 8 km northwest from the town of Vrlika. This church is quite important in Croatia, as it is the only pre-schism church constructed with a bell tower which is still standing. It was a large stone church for that period. The church is a one-longitudinal-nave structure with a sanctuary consisting of three apses, in the form of a trefoil. Later, the middle apse was pulled down and substituted by a bigger, rectangular one. The church has strong semi-circular buttresses that give a feeling of fortification, emphasized with mighty bell-tower positioned in front of entrance, creating a westwork. The church was built near Vrlika, called \"Vrh Rike\" in the 9th-10th century. It was dated to the time of Duke Branimir of Dalmatian Croatia through comparative analysis of an altar beam with other artefacts carrying Branimir's name by Ivo Petricioli in 1980 and 1984. It is one of the oldest and best preserved larger monuments of the early Croatian pre-Romanesque sacral architecture. The church was built by the local \"župan\" (district-prefect) Gastika of Cetina, at the recommendation of Pope Stephen VI, but as a private church, built in memory of his family. During the excavation work, several architectural fragments and pieces of stone furnishings adorned with the Croatian interlace have been found. The most important is the fragment of a beam with semi-uncial inscriptions from it is known that the church had been dedicated to Christ and built on the order of the prefect Gastika, the son of Nemira. The graves found near the Church, dated to the 9th through 14th century, had a specific kind of textile that was found to be comparable in quality with 18th and 19th century clothing. There are over 1,026 old Croatian graves around the church of great archaeological interest. Several tombs have been found in the church itself, most of which (more than 800) originally had stećci. The culture of that time was influenced by the Frankish Empire, which was noticed in the archaeological findings from the period and the structure of the church. In the early 15th century, Hrvoje Vukčić strengthened the Prozor Fortress, and most of the inhabitants moved out of Vrh Rika into Vrlika. The fortress subsequently belonged to Ivaniš Nelipac, Ivan Frankopan and Mihača Nikolin Vitturi. After a 1492 invasion by the Ottoman Empire, the church and the settlement sustained heavy damage and a substantial part of the inhabitants fled to Turopolje. The Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Dalmatia published a conflicting assessment of the origin of the Holy Salvation, originally published by Mirko Ležaić in 1939 in Belgrade, saying Tvrtko I built it, and that it was destroyed by the Turks in 1512. Church of Holy Salvation, Cetina The Church of the Holy Salvation () is a Pre-Romanesque"
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"retrieved": [
"Song of Enlightenment The Song of Enlightenment (), also translated as Song of Awakening and Song of Freedom, is a Zen discourse written some time in the first half of the 8th century C.E. and usually attributed to Yongjia Xuanjue. The true authorship of the work is a matter of debate, with a number of elements in the writing suggesting either the text has been substantially changed over time or Yongjia was an unlikely author. The first commentaries appeared in the 11th century during the Song Dynasty. The first English commentary on the work was written by Charles Luk. The \"Song\" deals with the methods of and attitudes towards daily Zen practice. A central theme is the contrast between dharma-nature, or reality as it is, versus buddha-nature, or self-nature. It also emphasizes practice over sutra-study. It has been considered a central Zen text from the Song Dynasty to the present day. It was apparently so highly esteemed that Dahui Zonggao reported that it was translated from Chinese to Sanskrit so it could be studied elsewhere. Today it is often memorized by Zen practitioners in East Asian countries. Song of Enlightenment The Song of Enlightenment (), also translated as Song of"
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