gt:         for (int i = 0; i < callerSave.size(); i++) {
context: /*
   * Copyright (c) 2012, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   *
   * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   *
   * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
   * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
   * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
   * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
   * accompanied this code).
   *
   * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
   * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
   * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
   *
   * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
   * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
   * questions.
   */
  package org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.amd64;
  
  import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackend.Options.GraalArithmeticStubs;
  import static jdk.vm.ci.common.InitTimer.timer;
  
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.List;
  
  import org.graalvm.compiler.api.replacements.SnippetReflectionProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.bytecode.BytecodeProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.spi.ConstantFieldProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.GraalHotSpotVMConfig;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackend;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackendFactory;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotGraalRuntimeProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotReplacementsImpl;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotForeignCallsProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotGraalConstantFieldProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotGraphBuilderPlugins;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotHostForeignCallsProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotLoweringProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotProviders;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotRegisters;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotRegistersProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotSnippetReflectionProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotStampProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotSuitesProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.nodes.HotSpotNodeCostProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.word.HotSpotWordTypes;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.graphbuilderconf.GraphBuilderConfiguration.Plugins;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.spi.NodeCostProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.spi.Replacements;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.tiers.CompilerConfiguration;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.phases.util.Providers;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.amd64.AMD64GraphBuilderPlugins;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.classfile.ClassfileBytecodeProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.serviceprovider.ServiceProvider;
  import org.graalvm.compiler.word.WordTypes;
  
  import jdk.vm.ci.amd64.AMD64;
  import jdk.vm.ci.code.Architecture;
  import jdk.vm.ci.code.Register;
  import jdk.vm.ci.code.RegisterConfig;
  import jdk.vm.ci.code.TargetDescription;
  import jdk.vm.ci.common.InitTimer;
  import jdk.vm.ci.hotspot.HotSpotCodeCacheProvider;
  import jdk.vm.ci.hotspot.HotSpotConstantReflectionProvider;
  import jdk.vm.ci.hotspot.HotSpotJVMCIRuntimeProvider;
  import jdk.vm.ci.hotspot.HotSpotMetaAccessProvider;
  import jdk.vm.ci.meta.Value;
  import jdk.vm.ci.runtime.JVMCIBackend;
  
  @ServiceProvider(HotSpotBackendFactory.class)
  public class AMD64HotSpotBackendFactory implements HotSpotBackendFactory {
  
      @Override
      public String getName() {
          return "core";
      }
  
      @Override
      public Class<? extends Architecture> getArchitecture() {
          return AMD64.class;
      }
  
      @Override
      @SuppressWarnings("try")
      public HotSpotBackend createBackend(HotSpotGraalRuntimeProvider graalRuntime, CompilerConfiguration compilerConfiguration, HotSpotJVMCIRuntimeProvider jvmciRuntime, HotSpotBackend host) {
          assert host == null;
  
          JVMCIBackend jvmci = jvmciRuntime.getHostJVMCIBackend();
          GraalHotSpotVMConfig config = graalRuntime.getVMConfig();
          HotSpotProviders providers;
          HotSpotRegistersProvider registers;
          HotSpotCodeCacheProvider codeCache = (HotSpotCodeCacheProvider) jvmci.getCodeCache();
          TargetDescription target = codeCache.getTarget();
          HotSpotHostForeignCallsProvider foreignCalls;
          Value[] nativeABICallerSaveRegisters;
          HotSpotMetaAccessProvider metaAccess = (HotSpotMetaAccessProvider) jvmci.getMetaAccess();
          HotSpotConstantReflectionProvider constantReflection = (HotSpotConstantReflectionProvider) jvmci.getConstantReflection();
          ConstantFieldProvider constantFieldProvider = new HotSpotGraalConstantFieldProvider(config, metaAccess);
          HotSpotLoweringProvider lowerer;
          HotSpotSnippetReflectionProvider snippetReflection;
          HotSpotReplacementsImpl replacements;
          HotSpotSuitesProvider suites;
          HotSpotWordTypes wordTypes;
          Plugins plugins;
          NodeCostProvider nodeCostProvider;
          BytecodeProvider bytecodeProvider;
          try (InitTimer t = timer("create providers")) {
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create HotSpotRegisters provider")) {
                  registers = createRegisters();
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create NativeABICallerSaveRegisters")) {
                  nativeABICallerSaveRegisters = createNativeABICallerSaveRegisters(config, codeCache.getRegisterConfig());
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create WordTypes")) {
                  wordTypes = new HotSpotWordTypes(metaAccess, target.wordJavaKind);
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create ForeignCalls provider")) {
                  foreignCalls = createForeignCalls(jvmciRuntime, graalRuntime, metaAccess, codeCache, wordTypes, nativeABICallerSaveRegisters);
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create Lowerer provider")) {
                  lowerer = createLowerer(graalRuntime, metaAccess, foreignCalls, registers, constantReflection, target);
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create NodeCost provider")) {
                  nodeCostProvider = createNodeCostProvider(target);
              }
              HotSpotStampProvider stampProvider = new HotSpotStampProvider();
              Providers p = new Providers(metaAccess, codeCache, constantReflection, constantFieldProvider, foreignCalls, lowerer, null, stampProvider, nodeCostProvider);
  
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create SnippetReflection provider")) {
                  snippetReflection = createSnippetReflection(graalRuntime, constantReflection, wordTypes);
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create Bytecode provider")) {
                  bytecodeProvider = new ClassfileBytecodeProvider(metaAccess, snippetReflection);
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create Replacements provider")) {
                  replacements = createReplacements(p, snippetReflection, bytecodeProvider);
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create GraphBuilderPhase plugins")) {
                  plugins = createGraphBuilderPlugins(config, target, constantReflection, foreignCalls, metaAccess, snippetReflection, replacements, wordTypes, stampProvider);
                  replacements.setGraphBuilderPlugins(plugins);
              }
              try (InitTimer rt = timer("create Suites provider")) {
                  suites = createSuites(config, graalRuntime, compilerConfiguration, plugins, registers, replacements);
              }
              providers = new HotSpotProviders(metaAccess, codeCache, constantReflection, constantFieldProvider, foreignCalls, lowerer, replacements, nodeCostProvider, suites, registers,
                              snippetReflection, wordTypes,
                              plugins);
          }
          try (InitTimer rt = timer("instantiate backend")) {
              return createBackend(config, graalRuntime, providers);
          }
      }
  
      protected Plugins createGraphBuilderPlugins(GraalHotSpotVMConfig config, TargetDescription target, HotSpotConstantReflectionProvider constantReflection,
                      HotSpotHostForeignCallsProvider foreignCalls,
                      HotSpotMetaAccessProvider metaAccess, HotSpotSnippetReflectionProvider snippetReflection, HotSpotReplacementsImpl replacements, HotSpotWordTypes wordTypes,
                      HotSpotStampProvider stampProvider) {
          Plugins plugins = HotSpotGraphBuilderPlugins.create(config, wordTypes, metaAccess, constantReflection, snippetReflection, foreignCalls, stampProvider, replacements);
          AMD64GraphBuilderPlugins.register(plugins, replacements.getReplacementBytecodeProvider(), (AMD64) target.arch, GraalArithmeticStubs.getValue());
          return plugins;
      }
  
      protected AMD64HotSpotBackend createBackend(GraalHotSpotVMConfig config, HotSpotGraalRuntimeProvider runtime, HotSpotProviders providers) {
          return new AMD64HotSpotBackend(config, runtime, providers);
      }
  
      protected HotSpotRegistersProvider createRegisters() {
          return new HotSpotRegisters(AMD64.r15, AMD64.r12, AMD64.rsp);
      }
  
      protected HotSpotReplacementsImpl createReplacements(Providers p, SnippetReflectionProvider snippetReflection, BytecodeProvider bytecodeProvider) {
          return new HotSpotReplacementsImpl(p, snippetReflection, bytecodeProvider, p.getCodeCache().getTarget());
      }
  
      protected AMD64HotSpotForeignCallsProvider createForeignCalls(HotSpotJVMCIRuntimeProvider jvmciRuntime, HotSpotGraalRuntimeProvider runtime, HotSpotMetaAccessProvider metaAccess,
                      HotSpotCodeCacheProvider codeCache, WordTypes wordTypes, Value[] nativeABICallerSaveRegisters) {
          return new AMD64HotSpotForeignCallsProvider(jvmciRuntime, runtime, metaAccess, codeCache, wordTypes, nativeABICallerSaveRegisters);
      }
  
      /**
       * @param replacements
       */
      protected HotSpotSuitesProvider createSuites(GraalHotSpotVMConfig config, HotSpotGraalRuntimeProvider runtime, CompilerConfiguration compilerConfiguration, Plugins plugins,
                      HotSpotRegistersProvider registers, Replacements replacements) {
          return new HotSpotSuitesProvider(new AMD64HotSpotSuitesProvider(compilerConfiguration, plugins), config, runtime, new AMD64HotSpotAddressLowering(config, registers.getHeapBaseRegister()));
      }
  
      protected HotSpotSnippetReflectionProvider createSnippetReflection(HotSpotGraalRuntimeProvider runtime, HotSpotConstantReflectionProvider constantReflection, WordTypes wordTypes) {
          return new HotSpotSnippetReflectionProvider(runtime, constantReflection, wordTypes);
      }
  
      protected HotSpotLoweringProvider createLowerer(HotSpotGraalRuntimeProvider runtime, HotSpotMetaAccessProvider metaAccess, HotSpotForeignCallsProvider foreignCalls,
                      HotSpotRegistersProvider registers, HotSpotConstantReflectionProvider constantReflection, TargetDescription target) {
          return new AMD64HotSpotLoweringProvider(runtime, metaAccess, foreignCalls, registers, constantReflection, target);
      }
  
      protected HotSpotNodeCostProvider createNodeCostProvider(TargetDescription target) {
          return new AMD64HotSpotNodeCostProvider(target);
      }
  
      protected Value[] createNativeABICallerSaveRegisters(GraalHotSpotVMConfig config, RegisterConfig regConfig) {
          List<Register> callerSave = new ArrayList<>(regConfig.getAllocatableRegisters().asList());
          if (config.windowsOs) {
              // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/9z1stfyw.aspx
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.rdi);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.rsi);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.rbx);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.rbp);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.rsp);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.r12);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.r13);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.r14);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.r15);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm6);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm7);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm8);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm9);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm10);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm11);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm12);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm13);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm14);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.xmm15);
          } else {
              /*
               * System V Application Binary Interface, AMD64 Architecture Processor Supplement
               *
               * Draft Version 0.96
               *
               * http://www.uclibc.org/docs/psABI-x86_64.pdf
               *
               * 3.2.1
               *
               * ...
               *
               * This subsection discusses usage of each register. Registers %rbp, %rbx and %r12
               * through %r15 "belong" to the calling function and the called function is required to
               * preserve their values. In other words, a called function must preserve these
               * registers' values for its caller. Remaining registers "belong" to the called
               * function. If a calling function wants to preserve such a register value across a
               * function call, it must save the value in its local stack frame.
               */
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.rbp);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.rbx);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.r12);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.r13);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.r14);
              callerSave.remove(AMD64.r15);
          }
          Value[] nativeABICallerSaveRegisters = new Value[callerSave.size()];
  