medalpaca/medical_meadow_pubmed_causal · Datasets at Hugging Face

input stringlengths 21 372	output stringclasses 4 values	instruction stringclasses 1 value
These findings from a large prospective cohort provide evidence that suboptimal selenium status in Europeans may be associated with an appreciably increased risk of HCC development.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Medication and swallowing difficulties were not associated with change in BW.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Interventions focusing on improving these variables are required to confirm the findings of this study.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Metformin treatment is associated with a significant reduction in OM irrespective of diabetes status in patients with EC.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
"In contrast to studies in women of European ancestry, this study showed no transient increase in the risk of developing BC after FTP among African women."	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
These results indicate that conventional lipid therapy may have additional effects on HDL functions with changes in HDL proteins.	This is a causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Healthcare professionals should screen for nocturia and poor sleep and offer appropriate nonpharmacological lifestyle management, behavioral interventions, or pharmacotherapy for women with diabetes."	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
People starting at low potency should switch to a moderate pattern; more intensive therapies should be considered in who require a larger LDL-C reduction to reach therapeutic targets, patients with good treatment adherence who do not achieve the goal with a moderate pattern of therapy or patients at very high risk.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
"Additionally, there is a need for improvement in the current health promotion programmes targeting breast cancer screening."	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
The early onset of peripheral neuropathy might be a robust predictor for TTF in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with paclitaxel.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
The benefits were achieved by simply distributing the workload and organizing schedules, without new investments or additional personnel.	This no relationship.	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
The LDL-C response in children and adults was related to underlying genetic mutations.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1180-4.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
"The children who were overweight at 13 years of age gained more weight than their normal-weight peers by the age of 2 or 3 years onward."	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Low newborn birth weight was related to the deteriorated nutritional status in terms of low anthropometric and abnormal biochemical measures.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
ELCA was successful in the majority of these selected cases when used independently with further effectiveness achieved when combined with RA or after RA failure.	This no relationship.	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
These findings highlight the interaction of systemic inflammation and HDL with clinical outcomes and may increase precision for clinical risk assessment in secondary prevention populations.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Low-income Americans require even greater efforts to improve their health than they currently receive, and such efforts should be a priority for public health policymakers.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
The insertion sites of PEG catheters in outpatients are frequently colonized, especially with C albicans, S aureus, and E coli, without clinical consequences.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Low levels of IgM anti-PC may identify immune-deficient state and predict inferior therapy response.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Improvements in dietary diversity, adequate use of iodised salt and community food security are needed.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
While an objective measure of adherence exists, PAP usage does not allow for measure of sleep improvement.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
This time-varying effect violated the Cox proportionality assumption, indicating that feeding trials in similar populations should extend beyond 7 d and use time-varying statistical methods.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Energy intakes increased with age in children with CF and exceeded that of healthy peers in all age groups.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Vitamin deficiencies are common in patients with tuberculosis.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Further studies with a larger sample size, extended to other polymorphisms are needed to understand the influence of ABCB1 genetic variants on the risk of breast cancer.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
profiles without safety concern raised.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
The 'NT+' protocol is efficient and provides comparable performance as a combined screening test.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Three real-life patterns of statin use were identified.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
The combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine is safe and effective for moderately painful procedures with limited respiratory and cardiovascular effects in a high-risk patient population.	This no relationship.	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
The multifactorial nature of ARI severity and vitamin A status highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to public health programmes to address ARI.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Applying the description of the meso-oesophagus will create a better understanding of the oesophageal anatomy, leading to more adequate and reproducible surgery.	This no relationship.	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
This study identified predictor factors positively associated with ideal weight loss.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Biochemical tests at initial presentation followed by vitamin D assay at 6 weeks and calcium, phosphate and ALP assays at 6 months is recommended in the monitoring of these patients.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Our results indicate that ANRIL polymorphisms may confer risk to development of MACE in incident patients on hemodialysis.	This is a causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
There was also a link between slow-wave sleep duration and insulin resistance.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Our findings suggest that exposure to ambient NO2 and UFPs may increase the risk of incident postmenopausal breast cancer especially amongst cases with positive oestrogen and progesterone receptor status.	This is a causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Patients with T2DM who underwent RHA and RKA procedures had more IHPC after controlling for the effects of possible confounders.	This is a conditionally causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: In clinical practice, breast-related stereotype threat should be measured together with prevalent symptoms (e.g. anxiety, depression and fatigue) in patients with breast cancer.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Influenza vaccination can be performed concurrently with cytotoxic chemotherapy or during the cytopenic period.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Appropriate regulations of UA, Hb and urine protein after diagnose may be a promising treatment.	This is a causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Current chemoprevention guidelines may be falling short in their dissemination and implementation.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Subsequently, the aggregate may have had a synergistic influence.	This is a causative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Overnight closed-loop therapy resulted in better glucose control than sensor-augmented pump therapy in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes.	This no relationship.	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
"The minimum prevalence of HNF1A-MODY among diabetic HUNT2 subjects was 0.4%."	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.
Concerning patient symptoms, we did not find any objective reason to justify implant explantation of PIP&Rofil implants as a solely precautionary measure.	This is a directly correlative relationship	Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

These findings from a large prospective cohort provide evidence that suboptimal selenium status in Europeans may be associated with an appreciably increased risk of HCC development.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Medication and swallowing difficulties were not associated with change in BW.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Interventions focusing on improving these variables are required to confirm the findings of this study.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Metformin treatment is associated with a significant reduction in OM irrespective of diabetes status in patients with EC.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

"In contrast to studies in women of European ancestry, this study showed no transient increase in the risk of developing BC after FTP among African women."

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

These results indicate that conventional lipid therapy may have additional effects on HDL functions with changes in HDL proteins.

This is a causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Healthcare professionals should screen for nocturia and poor sleep and offer appropriate nonpharmacological lifestyle management, behavioral interventions, or pharmacotherapy for women with diabetes."

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

People starting at low potency should switch to a moderate pattern; more intensive therapies should be considered in who require a larger LDL-C reduction to reach therapeutic targets, patients with good treatment adherence who do not achieve the goal with a moderate pattern of therapy or patients at very high risk.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

"Additionally, there is a need for improvement in the current health promotion programmes targeting breast cancer screening."

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

The early onset of peripheral neuropathy might be a robust predictor for TTF in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with paclitaxel.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

The benefits were achieved by simply distributing the workload and organizing schedules, without new investments or additional personnel.

This no relationship.

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

The LDL-C response in children and adults was related to underlying genetic mutations.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1180-4.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

"The children who were overweight at 13 years of age gained more weight than their normal-weight peers by the age of 2 or 3 years onward."

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Low newborn birth weight was related to the deteriorated nutritional status in terms of low anthropometric and abnormal biochemical measures.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

ELCA was successful in the majority of these selected cases when used independently with further effectiveness achieved when combined with RA or after RA failure.

This no relationship.

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

These findings highlight the interaction of systemic inflammation and HDL with clinical outcomes and may increase precision for clinical risk assessment in secondary prevention populations.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Low-income Americans require even greater efforts to improve their health than they currently receive, and such efforts should be a priority for public health policymakers.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

The insertion sites of PEG catheters in outpatients are frequently colonized, especially with C albicans, S aureus, and E coli, without clinical consequences.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Low levels of IgM anti-PC may identify immune-deficient state and predict inferior therapy response.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Improvements in dietary diversity, adequate use of iodised salt and community food security are needed.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

While an objective measure of adherence exists, PAP usage does not allow for measure of sleep improvement.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

This time-varying effect violated the Cox proportionality assumption, indicating that feeding trials in similar populations should extend beyond 7 d and use time-varying statistical methods.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Energy intakes increased with age in children with CF and exceeded that of healthy peers in all age groups.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Vitamin deficiencies are common in patients with tuberculosis.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Further studies with a larger sample size, extended to other polymorphisms are needed to understand the influence of ABCB1 genetic variants on the risk of breast cancer.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

profiles without safety concern raised.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

The 'NT+' protocol is efficient and provides comparable performance as a combined screening test.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Three real-life patterns of statin use were identified.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

The combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine is safe and effective for moderately painful procedures with limited respiratory and cardiovascular effects in a high-risk patient population.

This no relationship.

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

The multifactorial nature of ARI severity and vitamin A status highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to public health programmes to address ARI.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Applying the description of the meso-oesophagus will create a better understanding of the oesophageal anatomy, leading to more adequate and reproducible surgery.

This no relationship.

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

This study identified predictor factors positively associated with ideal weight loss.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Biochemical tests at initial presentation followed by vitamin D assay at 6 weeks and calcium, phosphate and ALP assays at 6 months is recommended in the monitoring of these patients.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Our results indicate that ANRIL polymorphisms may confer risk to development of MACE in incident patients on hemodialysis.

This is a causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

There was also a link between slow-wave sleep duration and insulin resistance.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Our findings suggest that exposure to ambient NO2 and UFPs may increase the risk of incident postmenopausal breast cancer especially amongst cases with positive oestrogen and progesterone receptor status.

This is a causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Patients with T2DM who underwent RHA and RKA procedures had more IHPC after controlling for the effects of possible confounders.

This is a conditionally causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: In clinical practice, breast-related stereotype threat should be measured together with prevalent symptoms (e.g. anxiety, depression and fatigue) in patients with breast cancer.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Influenza vaccination can be performed concurrently with cytotoxic chemotherapy or during the cytopenic period.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Appropriate regulations of UA, Hb and urine protein after diagnose may be a promising treatment.

This is a causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Current chemoprevention guidelines may be falling short in their dissemination and implementation.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Subsequently, the aggregate may have had a synergistic influence.

This is a causative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Overnight closed-loop therapy resulted in better glucose control than sensor-augmented pump therapy in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes.

This no relationship.

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

"The minimum prevalence of HNF1A-MODY among diabetic HUNT2 subjects was 0.4%."

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.

Concerning patient symptoms, we did not find any objective reason to justify implant explantation of PIP&Rofil implants as a solely precautionary measure.

This is a directly correlative relationship

Question: Is this describing a (1) directly correlative relationship, (2) conditionally causative relationship, (3) causative relationship, or (0) no relationship.