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http://www.wuft.org/news/2012/05/22/first-privately-funded-rocket-lifts-off-from-kennedy-space-center/ | 2014-10-31T10:04:49 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-42/segments/1414637899531.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20141030025819-00064-ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.931713 | 333 | CC-MAIN-2014-42 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-42__0__72735515 | en | First privately funded rocket lifts off from Kennedy Space Center
Space-X’s Falcon 9 rocket carried the unmanned Dragon capsule into space today from Cape Canveral, Fla., marking the first time a private company has sent a spacecraft to the space station. The mission is considered the first test of NASA’s plan to outsource space missions to privately funded companies now that its fleet of space shuttles is retired. Lisa Greenberg spoke with Jason Rhian for AmericaSpace.com, a website dedicated to space exploration, about what today’s launch means for the future of space travel.
More Stories in Florida
Garrett “G” Holeve has Down syndrome, but his condition isn’t stopping him from pursuing his passion — mixed martial arts. G will face David Steffan on Nov. 8 in a long overdue fight against the odds.
The Alachua County Animal Services and Florida Department of Corrections Work Camp is working together with this year’s “Hairy Pawter” dog academy to prepare a new group of house-trained dogs for homes.
A hog infestation at Williston Municipal Airport’s grass runway is causing delays in the approval of the runway by the Federal Aviation Administration.
A flying car crashed on Tuesday in Marion County after going on an orientation flight. Two passengers suffered minor injuries but are currently safe.
Florida Gov. Rick Scott announced funding for the third and largest phase of early restoration projects to combat the Deepwater Horizon (BP) Oil Spill of 2010 on Oct. 7. Although $100 million was allocated to Florida by the Deepwater Horizon [...] | aerospace | 1 |
http://mailto:[email protected]/bannertransfer.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=5d170125-2e2d-427c-8126-840d711eb23f | 2015-04-01T10:37:44 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-14/segments/1427131304444.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20150323172144-00166-ip-10-168-14-71.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.888172 | 626 | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-14__0__102112007 | en | Tue, Sep 23, 2003
First-Ever Combs Award Presenters on Opening Day
Armstrong and Eugene Cernan will join business aviation legend
Harry B. Combs in presenting the first annual Combs Award to
photographer Dan Patterson during the Opening General Session of
the National Business Aviation Association (NBAA) 56th Annual
Meeting & Convention on Tuesday, October 7 in Orlando (FL).
This award, sponsored by the National Aviation Hall of Fame (NAHF)
and 1996 NAHF enshrinee Combs, honors Patterson for his
photographic preservation of America's air and space heritage.
The Combs Award grew out
of a 2001 donation by Combs to the National Aviation Hall of Fame.
As part of his generous $1.3 million gift to the NAHF for the
creation of a Research Center, he stipulated that the Combs Award
would support and encourage continuing aviation heritage research
and preservation efforts. Combs' illustrious career includes
accomplishments as an aircraft designer, fixed base operator,
flight instructor, entrepreneur and author. A former aviation
executive who helped devise the modern air traffic control system
and pulled LearJet from the brink of bankruptcy in the 1970s, he
also is the author of the acclaimed book Kill Devil Hill:
Discovering the Secrets of the Wright Brothers.
Award presenters Armstrong and Cernan are, respectively, the
first and most recent men to set foot on the surface of the moon.
Patterson's submission was selected for the $20,000 research and
preservation award by a panel of judges that included not only
Combs and Armstrong but also aviation historian and author C.V.
Glines; best-selling author and executive director of the Astronaut
Scholarship Foundation, Howard Benedict; and executive director of
the Whirlybirds International, Jean Tinsley.
Combining The Capabilities Of Apple Technology And ADS-B Out May Replace Airline Pilot Medicals, But There Could Be A Catch ANN's April 1 "April Fool" Special Edition As the Pilots>[...]
Proposes Legislation To Have Journalists Pass A Basic Written Exam ANN’s April 1 “April Fools” Special Edition Senator James Inhofe (R-OK) has proposed legislatio>[...]
Carrier Says Americans Unwilling To Take The Jobs At What It Can Afford To Pay ANN’s April 1 “April Fool” Edition It may just be the tip of the iceberg, but Repub>[...]
Tries To Prevent Launches From Returning To American Soil The Russian Space Agency Roscosmos has filed a lawsuit in a Russian court against Boeing and SpaceX, saying the two U.S. c>[...]
Also: Inhofe Demands Media Aero-Accountability, "Super Duper" Cub, RANS' Exclusive WalMart Deal, Obama To Keep Air Force One, Cessna Bringing Back Bamboo Bomber Pop-star legend, Da>[...] | aerospace | 1 |
https://rdsdigital.in/case-study-go-radio-control/ | 2024-02-21T22:33:46 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473558.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221202132-20240221232132-00439.warc.gz | 0.963399 | 127 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__201830277 | en | We help to generate quality leads from various platforms with our result-oriented strategy.
GoRadio Control is an aspiring startup in Bangalore, Karnataka, that designs radio control drones, aircraft, and parts of drones and aircraft. This passionate startup also conducts camps and workshops for children, teaches them about drones and aircraft, and guides them to create their aircraft.
Being a new firm and lack of awareness among people, it was difficult for GoRadio Control to make their camps and workshops successful. So they contacted us to generate leads for the summer camp program. And with our assistance, the Summer Camp turned out to be a big hit. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.123rf.com/clipart-vector/astronaut.html | 2016-10-23T12:10:07 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719273.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00098-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.703574 | 1,751 | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-44__0__15708732 | en | #39329175 - Astronaut gesture okay. Eps10 vector illustration. Isolated on..
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https://www.spacecom.mil/MEDIA/IMAGERY/igphoto/2002884433/ | 2022-01-27T23:10:57 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320305317.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220127223432-20220128013432-00209.warc.gz | 0.894671 | 174 | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__26826733 | en | USSPACECOM hosts Australian Chief of Joint Operations
U.S. Army Gen. James Dickinson, U.S. Space Command commander met with Australian Army Lt. Gen. Gregory Bilton, Chief of Joint Operations, to reaffirm the importance of space cooperation between the United States and Australia Nov. 1, 2021. Senior USSPACECOM leaders briefed Bilton on threats to the space domain and discussed additional areas to enhance strategic partnerships. Officials from Joint Task Force-Space Defense briefed Bilton on the protect–and-defend mission and Combined Force Space Component Command briefed on space support to global operations. USSPACECOM conducts operations in, from, and to space to deter conflict, and if necessary, defeat aggression, deliver space combat power for the Joint and Combined force, and defend U.S. vital interests with allies and partners. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.flightglobal.com/systems-and-interiors/aix-viasat-offers-new-hybrid-ku/ka-shipset-for-widebody-market/132119.article | 2024-04-16T23:32:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817112.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416222403-20240417012403-00706.warc.gz | 0.894855 | 256 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__134819600 | en | ViaSat has introduced a second-generation hybrid Ku-/Ka-band antenna and radome to support in-flight connectivity in the commercial widebody aircraft market.
The shipset enables worldwide roaming connectivity for new or retrofit aircraft on both Ka- and Ku-band satellite networks. ViaSat says it will allow airlines to steadily migrate a greater proportion of their routes to the “faster, more economical” Ka-band service, enabled by a range of partner satellites, as well as the global ViaSat-3 constellation. ViaSat-3 is scheduled to launch in 2021 and 2022.
“Similar to the first generation, Viasat’s latest dual-band system promotes smooth transitions among multiple satellite beams across Ku- and Ka-band network,” says ViaSat Commercial Aviation vice-president and general manager Don Buchman.
“Our next-generation Ku-/Ka-band terminal is the most capable and flexible solution for commercial widebody aircraft, giving them a global solution today with piece of mind that the technology deployed will be forward-compatible with the innovations in spacecraft technology of tomorrow.”
For more news, pictures and analysis from AIX 2019, visit our dedicated event page
Source: Flight Daily News | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.getjar.com/categories/all-games/more-games/F-SIM-Space-Shuttle-58299 | 2017-04-24T05:37:49 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917119080.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031159-00538-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.856987 | 121 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__42955438 | en | F-SIM Space ShuttleFree
Now with retina-display and iPad support F-SIM Space Shuttle is a highly realistic flight simulator. It simulates the Space Shuttle approach and landing in unprecedented detail and accuracy. Take command of the Orbiter during the final minutes of des
Downloads: 46+ (for Android)Report app for spam or abuse!
Super File Manager freemium Free
Free, Safe, Small, Simple. One of the best File Manager apps on GetJar.
Super Mario Bros Original Free
The main heroes of the game are a plumber Mario and his brother Luigi | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2008/08/prweb1252514.htm | 2018-05-26T09:23:11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794867374.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20180526073410-20180526093410-00490.warc.gz | 0.960779 | 419 | CC-MAIN-2018-22 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__195565955 | en | Orlando, FL (PRWEB) August 28, 2008
Skyview Aviation launched a brand new website on Friday, August 1, 2008. This fractional aircraft ownership company is now housed at their new online location- http://www.flyskyview.com. Having re-invented their online identity they promise to bring clients a whole new array of quality services. Since its inception in 2004, Skyview Aviation has been offering private jet travel services to professionals and business persons across the country. With their new website they hope to broaden their net to capture newer markets every day.
The new web location showcases ten main links from where customers can get updated information on aircraft, financing, amenities, luxury cars, and ownership information. As a firm that offers Fractional Aircraft Ownership, Skyview Aviation has dedicated e-space to expound on this concept, its advantages and what it offers.
Mr. Benevides, President of Skyview Aviation, has stated, "This website will bridge the information gap that persists in this industry. Thus we have tried to empower the customer with relevant and specific information that will help them make a wise decision."
Skyview Aviation offers a lot more than just fractional aircraft ownership. When it comes to private jet travel, they also offer charter services, block lease, jet trade as well as competitive in-house financing options. With their multi-fold service basket, their target market is quite extensive. Backed by a team of aviation professionals, they are gearing up to meet the needs of this industry head-on.
About Skyview Aviation:
Skyview Aviation was started in 2004 with the objective of offering high quality aircraft management services. Today, they operate a full staff which helps clients with fractional aircraft ownership, aviation consulting and trade apart from regular services like jet charters for private jet travel requirements. They also offer in-house financing options to customers who opt for their services.
Visit the website at http://www.FlySkyview.com or call 1-877-851-0088. | aerospace | 1 |
http://zeenews.india.com/news/space/indias-weather-satellite-insat-3d-functioning-normally_864979.html | 2017-02-25T14:40:21 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501171775.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104611-00358-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.890551 | 331 | CC-MAIN-2017-09 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-09__0__124394289 | en | India`s weather satellite INSAT-3D functioning normally
Bangalore: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on Saturday said that the country`s all weather satellite INSAT-3D, which was launched on Friday morning, is functioning normally.
ISRO`s Director (Publicity) Karnik said that the master control facility at Hassan in Karnataka is tracking the satellite and orbit raising manoeuvre is under progress.
He said the satellite is being moved from geo synchronous transfer orbit to geo stationary orbit at 36000 kms.
The meteorological payloads in the satellite will be turned on in the second week of next month.
An indigenously designed and developed INSAT-3D Meteorological Data Processing System is installed at the Meteorological Department in New Delhi with a mirror site at Space Applications Centres in Bopal and Ahmedabad.
According to media reports, theses centres will collate data from the satellite to give accurate weather report of the country.
ISRO will focus on end-to-end reception and processing of INSAT-3D data and the derivation of meteorological parameters along with India Meteorological Department.
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- Discussion over BJP's enormous victory in Maharashtra civic polls
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- Zee Media Exclusive: In conversation with BJP President Amit Shah | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.ntsb.gov/aviationquery/brief2.aspx?ev_id=20001206X01834&ntsbno=NYC94LA116&akey=1 | 2014-11-26T09:04:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-49/segments/1416931006637.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20141125155646-00155-ip-10-235-23-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.969467 | 233 | CC-MAIN-2014-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-49__0__61879817 | en | On Monday, July 11, 1994, at 1400 eastern daylight time, a Champion 7GCAA, N2899G, registered to Darren A. McKeever and piloted by Allen V. Molner, sustained substantial damage during an attempted takeoff at the Blairstown Airport, Blairstown, New Jersey. The pilot and passenger were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed. The flight was being conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. Use your browsers 'back' function to return to synopsisReturn to Query Page
The airplane was departing on runway 07. The pilot stated:
...when I reached liftoff speed-lifted off and the aircraft turned to the right. I could not seem to correct it. The plane ended up on the grass-hit one parked glider and ended up on top of another.
Mr. Morgan Brown, a Federal Aviation Administration Airwothiness Inspector, examined the airplane. In a report he stated:
Inspected N2899G and found that all flight controls were intact and functioned normally.
The wind was reported as light and variable. | aerospace | 1 |
https://jobs.spacetalent.org/companies/intuitive-machines/jobs/29538978-sr-project-manager-for-gateway-avionic-systems-id-adv0007ft | 2023-09-21T18:08:34 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506029.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20230921174008-20230921204008-00239.warc.gz | 0.880958 | 782 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__303622428 | en | Sr. Project Manager for Gateway Avionic Systems (ID: ADV0007FT)
Are you passionate about human space exploration, understanding the origins of the universe, and working with a passionate and diverse team to make a difference? If you are, we need you!
We need your talent, teamwork, and energy to help us achieve great things that inspire people all over the globe. We need you to bring creative ideas and diverse backgrounds to help us envision, shape, and deliver systems that will enable the exploration of space while benefiting people here on Earth. We are excited about what we do, and we need you on our team as we take on exciting challenges for NASA’s pursuits in deep space exploration.
We have an exciting opportunity for a Sr. Project Manager for Gateway Avionic Systems to join our team with JETS II Teammate company, Intuitive Machines.
If selected, you will:
- Manage the full project of working with the NASA customer to oversee development, build, and integration of the Gateway Ready Avionics Integration Lab (GRAIL) Facility. The Lab is an avionics hardware and software integration and test facility for formal verification and validation of the function and performance of the overall Gateway avionics system across all modules and cross-program interfaces.
- Manage the team of experts in the GRAIL two major areas: the Test Operations Center (TOC) and the Avionics Test-Rig Area (ATA).
- The Sr Project Manager will manage the project schedule, procurement documentation, overall budget management including estimation within the company system and system requirements documents.
- Develop and support sub-project requirement and verification data packages.
- Manage the Project Team and perform issue management within the team.
- Work and present schedule and progress to both NASA JSC Customer and Program Customer.
- Participate in Systems Requirements Reviews, Preliminary & Critical Design Reviews, Technical Interchange Meetings, and peer reviews.
- Other duties as required.
Qualifications - External Requisition Qualifications:
This position has been posted at multiple levels. Depending on the candidate's experience, requirements, and business needs, we reserve the right to consider candidates at any level for which this position has been advertised.
- Typically, educational requirements are the equivalent of a BS with at least 15 years’ experience. Must have experience in a large integrated lab environment.
- Must have minimum of 10 years' experience with engineering management and project management.
- Should excel at understanding flight project schedule and modular hardware/software testing operations.
- Should excel at communication, risk management, scheduling, budgeting, team management.
- Should excel at Microsoft Project.
- Excellent communication and organizational skills along with the ability to work in a team environment.
- Must be a U.S. Citizen and successfully complete a U.S. government background investigation.
- BS degree in Electrical Engineering from an accredited engineering school.
- This is a multi-year fast paced schedule. Preferred candidate to have option of working evenings and/or weekends as needed to meet flight schedule as required.
- Past NASA experience or Military experience a plus.
Intuitive Machines is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, religion, creed, color, national origin, ancestry, sex (including pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, or medical conditions related to pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding), age, medical condition, marital or domestic partner status, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity, gender expression and transgender status, mental disability or physical disability, genetic information, military or veteran status, citizenship, low-income status or any other status or characteristic protected by applicable law. Learn more about your rights under Federal EEO lawsand supplemental language | aerospace | 1 |
http://easytoflydrones.s3.amazonaws.com/Arkansas/Personal-Drone-Helicopter-Benton-AR-72015.html | 2020-08-08T18:24:42 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439738015.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20200808165417-20200808195417-00049.warc.gz | 0.938978 | 905 | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__188615080 | en | The Basic Principles Of Personal Drone Helicopter Benton Arkansas 72015
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Photography Drone Price Fpv Drone
Personal Drone Helicopter Dryden NY 13053
Personal Drone Helicopter Rome OH 44085
Personal Drone Helicopter Newark NJ 07194
Personal Drone Helicopter Crown Point NY 12928
Personal Drone Helicopter Grover PA 17735 | aerospace | 1 |
https://battlefield.fandom.com/wiki/AH-1G_HueyCobra | 2020-03-29T13:43:20 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370494331.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20200329105248-20200329135248-00259.warc.gz | 0.954926 | 266 | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__125980241 | en | The Bell AH-1 Cobra is a two-bladed, single engine attack helicopter manufactured by Bell Helicopter. It shares a common engine, transmission and rotor system with the older UH-1 Iroquois. The AH-1 is also referred to as the HueyCobra or Snake.The AH-1 was the backbone of the United States Army's attack helicopter fleet, but has been replaced by the AH-64 Apache in Army service. Upgraded versions continue to fly with the militaries of several other nations. The AH-1 twin engine versions remain in service with United States Marine Corps (USMC) as the service's primary attack helicopter.
The Cobra is the main attack helicopter of American and South Vietnamese Forces and is often seen alongside the UH-1 Iroquois. It seats two players, one pilot who controls the straight-firing rockets, and gunner who mans the machine gun and Sidewinder heat-seeking missiles.
The Cobra is very versatile, being fast, easy to operate and effective against most enemies; rockets can take care of ground vehicles and helicopters (to some extent), the machine gun disposes of infantry and the heat-seeking missiles can destroy helicopters and even jet fighters in some cases. Its slim shape can also aid in dodging incoming fire more easily. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.luft46.com/bv/bvp212.html | 2021-05-15T13:13:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991370.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20210515131024-20210515161024-00226.warc.gz | 0.967263 | 728 | CC-MAIN-2021-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__55059953 | en | || By the end of
1944, the OKL (High Command of the Luftwaffe) realized that a better high-altitude
fighter was needed, and they wanted to take advantage of the new He S 011
jet engine which was being developed. Thus, the Emergency Fighter Competition
came into being. By February 1945, three proposals had been received from
Messerschmitt, two from Focke-Wulf and one each from Heinkel, Junkers and
Blohm & Voss.
The Blohm & Voss entry was the BV P.212.03. The first of the BV P.212 designs featured a short, squat fuselage, with a short air intake to the He S 011 jet engine in the fuselage rear. The wings were swept back at 45 degrees, and featured a small amount of dihedral. Two small vertical fins were located near the wingtips. The second of the BV P.212 designs was a refinement of the previous BV P.212.01. The fuselage was lengthened, and the wings now featured downturned wingtips in place of the wingtip fins of the BV P.212.01.
The BV P.212.03 was the final design and the one presented to the OKL in the Emergency Fighter Program. The fuselage was again lengthened, with larger internal fuel tanks being installed. The wings were swept back at 40 degrees and featured pronounced dihedral. Both downturned wingtips and small fins and rudders were designed for the BV P.212.03. In addition, the wings were designed to be built out of either wood, steel or aluminum, although the first versions were to have the usual stressed skin steel construction. One interesting feature that Blohm & Voss designer Dr. Vogt used for many of his projects (BV P.209.01, P.210.01, P.211) that was also included in the
|BV P.212.03 design was the bent steel air intake duct that
was also used as a fuselage inner load-bearing structure (see photo below).
A pressurized cockpit was designed for the pilot, and the armament load
could be varied greatly (see table below). 2700 liters (713 gallons) of
fuel could be carried, 2100 liters internally in the wings and fuselage
and 300 liters in two under wing drop tanks, giving an endurance of close
to four hours.
Although the Focke-Wulf Ta 183 was chosen for production in late February, three prototypes were ordered and construction began in May 1945, after exhaustive windtunnel and structural tests. The first aircraft was to make its first flight in August and the second aircraft was to be ready by September 1945 September 1945. Of course, the end of the war ended all construction.
Span: 9.5 m (31' 2.3") Length: 7.55 m (24' 9.5") Max. Speed: 1034 km/h (642 mph)
B&V P.212.03 armed with 22 R4M rockets and two MK
108 30mm cannon
B&V P.212.03 armed with SC 500 bomb and three MK 108
B&V P.212.03 armed with seven MK 108 30mm cannon
w/2 X-4 air-to-air missiles
| BV P.212.03
w/5 MK 108 cannon & drop tanks | aerospace | 1 |
https://spacenews.com/us-blames-failed-missile-defense-test-software-code/ | 2023-12-03T00:07:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100476.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202235258-20231203025258-00148.warc.gz | 0.95136 | 696 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__117996405 | en | WASHINGTON — A minor software glitch led to a recent test failure of the U.S. missile defense system in Alaska and the Pacific, said Air Force Lt. Gen. Henry “Trey” Obering, director of the Missile Defense Agency.
The software can be fixed by changing “one line of code” in the system, he said Jan. 12 during a telephone news conference.
The Dec. 15 test of the Ground-based Midcourse system failed when the interceptor rocket carrying a nonexploding warhead did not take off as planned. An analysis of computer data from the failed test showed that the acceptable rate of information flow from the flight control computer to the thrust vector controllers on the rocket — mechanisms that control the pitch and yaw — were set too high, Obering said.
“It was too restrictive,” Obering said of the information flow level set by officials. “We did this to ourselves. It turns out we can relax the constraints without any effect on the booster flight.”
The agency will repeat the failed test in February, he said. The software code will be fixed by the rocket’s maker, Orbital Sciences Corp., Dulles, Va. Similar fixes will be carried out to the rockets already in silos through their “umbilical” systems, Obering said.
The December test, called IFT 13C, was the first to use a realistic booster rocket, similar to the ones that have been placed in silos. Earlier tests used Minuteman III rockets, which are considered slower than the rockets that will be used by the missile defense system. The December test was expected to prove that the Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle — the nonexploding warhead that sits on top of the rocket — can perform as designed with the new rockets.
During 2005, the agency also plans to conduct four more tests:
Two to check radar performance.
One in which a U.S. Navy Aegis destroyer will act as the primary control center.
One test where the target will be launched from Alaska and an interceptor from the Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif., for the first time.
Only two of these five tests in 2005 will aim to shoot down a target.
Obering said the test failure on Dec. 15 will not affect the eight interceptors that are already in silos — five in Alaska and three in California. But he declined to say when the Pentagon or the White House will declare the system operational.
The Defense Department had hoped to declare the national missile defense interceptors operational by the end of last year, but now does not expect to make an official declaration any time soon, according to Lawrence DiRita, the Pentagon’s top spokesman.
“There has been some expectation that there will be some point at which it is operational and not something else, and I just don’t think people should expect that for the near term,” DiRita said during a Jan. 13 press conference at the Pentagon. “We’re not marching toward a particular date on which we will say the system is now operational.”
Agency officials say the system, which is spread out from Alaska in the north to the Kwajalein Atoll in the South Pacific, represents a test bed that can be pressed into service if a need arises. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.hypergridbusiness.com/2019/10/vinci-vr-virtual-reality-startup-creates-realistic-training-simulations-for-us-air-force/ | 2023-10-01T15:12:52 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510903.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20231001141548-20231001171548-00499.warc.gz | 0.96598 | 489 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__267893882 | en | The United States Air Force had a problem. They needed to train hundreds of airmen, but there weren’t enough real aircraft to go around. Virtual reality offered the next best thing.
Vinci VR, a two year old virtual reality startup founded by a 22 year old college undergrad, was recently awarded a $1 million contract by the United States Air Force to develop solutions for aircraft maintenance training.
Vinci focuses on creating realistic training environments and tools with an emphasis on maintenance training for industries including aircraft maintenance and wind turbines.
Vinci created realistic aircraft models for airmen to train on, and also “built a platform that allows instructors to go in and directly edit training simulations or create their own procedures around our 3D model,” said Eagle Wu, CEO and founder of Vinci VR.
The platform, known as CODEX, allows instructors creative freedom without previous software or programming experience.
According to Wu, developing accurate 3D models is a costly endeavor that also takes a lot of time and effort, which is why an organization like the US Air Force is a good fit.
“They are big enough that they have their own innovation division that can make this investment, and they’re big enough that they can afford to take the risk,” he told Hypergrid Business.
Vinci was tasked with developing and deploying its technology into active Air Force units that are currently training airmen. It developed a simulation of USAF aircraft using the HTC Vive running the Unreal Engine.
The VR training had a goal of saving time and money for the Air Force versus the traditional textbook method.
“They get these textbooks and they train for aircraft they’ve never seen before, and when they go out into the field they have to essentially retrain,” said Wu.
By working in VR from the start, it “allows them to train in a real aircraft early on and theoretically cut their training time in half,” he added.
Wu released a case study in September which offers more information about Vinci VR’s aircraft maintenance training.
- OpenAI’s new Point-E lets you generate 3D models with text - December 21, 2022
- Celebrity Cruises unveils virtual cruise experience - December 15, 2022
- Metaverse experiences could boost real world travel - December 12, 2022 | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.haitai.com.cn/cn_zh/news/2011101002.html | 2018-11-12T22:09:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039741151.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20181112215517-20181113001517-00521.warc.gz | 0.952151 | 222 | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__193204963 | en | 2011 Summit of Aviation Experiment Test Technology and Academic Exchanges (the Summit) was held in Xi’an on September 5. Shaanxi Hitech Electronic Co., Ltd (Hitech Electronic) was invited to the Summit.
More than 100 experts and scientists from aerospace institutes and universities attended the Summit. Taking the 12th Five-Year-Plan-Oriented Aviation Experiment Test Technology as the subject, those experts and scientists discussed the future development of aviation test, as well as the aviation standard and its application. Enquan Guo, Hitech General Manager, gave a lecture entitled A Study on the Development of Military ATS from the Aspect of DoD JTA, systematically introducing DoD JTA and the development of military ATS, and shared his research fruit and experience with his audience. He also introduced the latest research results of Hitech Electronic.
The latest Hitech PXI and LXI products as well as general-purpose test platform, etc. were displayed, which fully showed the company’s strength in test and measurement field. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.redorbit.com/topics/manned-venus-flyby/ | 2014-10-25T03:32:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-42/segments/1414119647626.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20141024030047-00264-ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.889618 | 133 | CC-MAIN-2014-42 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-42__0__20038316 | en | Latest Manned Venus Flyby Stories
NASA's Mercury-bound MESSENGER spacecraft came within 2,990 kilometers (1,860 miles) of the surface of Venus early this morning during its second planetary encounter. The spacecraft used the tug of the planet's gravity to change its trajectory significantly, shrinking the radius of its orbit around the Sun and bringing it closer to Mercury. MESSENGER swung by Venus at 8:34 UTC (4:34 a.m. EDT), according to mission operators at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in...
- Boughs or branches.
- Warbling of birds in trees. | aerospace | 1 |
https://sanmarcos.skydivespaceland.com/landingcanopy-safety/ | 2023-12-08T09:53:58 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100739.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208081124-20231208111124-00272.warc.gz | 0.919586 | 522 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__183034449 | en | Wind indicators: Landing direction arrow, flags, wind sock. The landing direction arrow is an air-traffic control device that sets the landing direction on the north side of the runway.
Know the landing direction before takeoff, and check the landing direction indicator (LDI) north of the runway after you open and check canopy in case winds have changed.
Follow the landing direction indicator when landing north of the runway. No exceptions even if the wind is light/variable and not in perfect agreement with the LDI at that moment. If you would prefer a different direction, land south of the runway. This keeps all skydivers moving in the same direction, which is better for seeing and avoiding other traffic than mixed landing directions. Think of landing here as landing on a runway at a controlled airport rather than landing in an open field.
Pattern altitude begins at 1,000 feet.
Fly left-hand patterns north of the runway unless safety requires otherwise.
Below pattern altitude, do not fly over primary landing areas (i.e., 1 or 2) where you don’t plan to land. Think of these areas as vertical columns for different jumpers up to 1,000 feet, not just lines on the ground. The point is to keep higher-performance traffic in area 1 completely and safely separated from slower canopies in area 2, so keep your pattern over the area where you intend to land without overlapping other areas.
No S turns, spiraling, or sashaying to lose altitude in the pattern (below 1,000 feet).
Tandem instructors always have right of way.
After landing, remain vigilant for other canopies you may need to dodge by turning around and looking up line of flight and all around until all other canopies have landed.
Do not kite your canopy while others are landing nearby.
Under canopy, do not fly over the runway or its approaches below 1,000 feet when aircraft are approaching/taking off/taxiing.
When under canopy, avoid holding off the ends of the runway where aircraft take off and approach.
When crossing the runway on foot, stop and look both ways first. If an aircraft is on landing approach or taxiing, stop well back from the runway and take a knee or squat down to show the pilot you see him/her. NEVER cross in front of an aircraft on the runway.
The pavement is not the only runway; we also land on the grass runway next to it. Stay well back from the runway when landing or waiting for an aircraft to pass. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.plant.ca/tag/honeywell/ | 2019-12-14T17:06:15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575541281438.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20191214150439-20191214174439-00002.warc.gz | 0.9145 | 244 | CC-MAIN-2019-51 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-51__0__70864855 | en | About 1,000 employees will remain at six Honeywell locations in New Jersey.
Officers were pretending to be interesting in accessing a satellite system for tracking aircraft, vehicles and vessels.
Honeywell whitepaper covers the risks and describes innovations.
United says a tie-up of the industrial conglomerates would never be approved by anti-trust regulators.
Company calls off talks after because it believes the regulatory obstacles were too high to make a deal happen.
The Canadian company will spin off its ExactEarth subsidiary, which provides satellite data services.
Unobstructed peripheral vision.
Inquiry involves electronics manufactured for the government’a new F-35 fighter planes.
The former de Havilland plant at Downsview Park will be turned into a classroom, workshop, hangar space, and an innovation centre.
Boeing’s newest jumbo jet delayed over computer issues
EDMONTON: Honeywell International Inc. is acquiring Edmonton-based Matrikon Inc., a provider of industrial monitoring technology, for $145 million. Matrikon’s software collects data from diverse industrial sources and unifies it in a common database for analysis is accessible from a web… | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.jetsprops.com/fighters/the-arado-ar-240-pioneering-yet-problematic.html | 2024-04-23T02:22:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818452.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423002028-20240423032028-00606.warc.gz | 0.961916 | 658 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__68226575 | en | A Forgotten Experiment
The Arado Ar 240 is a tale of innovation and ambition that eventually succumbed to reality. This twin-engine German fighter-bomber from World War II offers a unique insight into aircraft design and development during that time. Let’s take a look at its fascinating history, from the drawing board to its premature retirement.
Born of Necessity
In the late 1930s, the Luftwaffe sought a heavy fighter to fill a gap in its fleet, and the Arado company began work on the Ar 240. The first prototype took flight in 1940, featuring advanced technology such as tricycle landing gear and a pressurized cockpit.
However, the development was far from smooth. Stability issues in initial flight tests caused concern, but dedicated engineers refined the design. Though fraught with setbacks, their innovative spirit led to an aircraft that seemed ready to meet the Luftwaffe’s demands.
Equipped with two Daimler-Benz DB 601 engines, the Ar 240 was a marvel in engine design for its time. With 1,175 horsepower produced by each engine, it was a powerful machine on paper.
However, these engines proved problematic in the field. Persistent cooling issues and unmet power expectations caused headaches for engineers. They wrestled with the conflicting demands of performance and reliability, but these challenges were never fully resolved, leading to further complications down the line.
In the Skies
Once airborne, the Ar 240 impressed with its stability, handling, and all-around visibility. It was agile and quick, seemingly a perfect fit for interception and ground attack missions.
But the promising flight characteristics were overshadowed by significant limitations in payload capacity and armament. These flaws diminished the aircraft’s combat effectiveness, eroding the initial enthusiasm and creating doubts about its suitability for the intended roles.
As development continued, the Ar 240 faced a plethora of problems beyond its engines and armament. The landing gear was weak and prone to failure, and the self-sealing fuel tanks proved unreliable.
The continuous stream of issues led to the project’s cancellation, and as other aircraft designs outpaced the Ar 240, it became clear that it would never reach full-scale production. Only a few prototypes were ever built, leaving the aircraft as a mere footnote in aviation history.
Legacy and Influence
Despite never reaching full-scale production, the Ar 240 left a lasting imprint on the aviation industry. The design’s innovative features, such as tricycle landing gear and pressurized cockpit, were ahead of their time. These pioneering elements captured the attention of engineers and helped shape subsequent aircraft development.
Yet, the Ar 240’s legacy is also one of caution. Its ambition outpaced the available technology and logistical support of the era, resulting in a string of insurmountable problems. The aircraft’s journey serves as a reminder that innovation must be paired with practicality, a lesson that continues to resonate with designers and engineers.
The Arado Ar 240 offers a vivid lesson on the complexities and demands of wartime aviation development. Its journey from ambition to disappointment is filled with insights into innovation, perseverance, and the brutal realities of engineering. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.automatic-button.com/d2d/rules.htm | 2021-10-27T02:31:02 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323588053.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20211027022823-20211027052823-00177.warc.gz | 0.933632 | 942 | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__90200043 | en | 1. The Principal Competition may be attempted on any day between the hours of
04:30 and 21:30 between the 15th April and 11th August at the discretion of the
Competitor. (In the southern hemisphere the dates are the 1st February and 30th
1a. See clause 7 for conditions governing Half Competition entries.
2. Competitors may enter any Flying Machine suitable for the Competition and must declare its full specification as required by the Entry Form. The maximum permitted flight crew is two and it will be assumed that the work load involved in the Competition is shared equally between them. Passengers may be permitted over and above this number, but must be declared, together with any flying qualification they may possess.
3. Competitors are responsible for stating that all details of their planned entry, including those relating to aircraft, crew and flight planning arrangements, comply with all relevant legislation and regulations for the countries concerned. Failure to comply with the various regulations in force for flight in the Competition may result in exclusion.
4. Entries for the Dawn to Dusk Competition must be submitted on the official forms provided and accompanied by the entry fee of £25.00 for a solo entry and £30.00 for a joint entry.
Entries must be sent to:
2 Park Avenue
Herts AL5 2EA
Tel: +44 (0)1582 765072
Fax: +44 (0)1582 766724
To arrive not later than 30th June
Late entries may be accepted at the sole discretion of the Co-ordinator.
5. Competitors may start and finish from any place in the world, provided that
an observer is present.
Competitors should advise the Co-ordinator of the proposed date of flight. This can be altered at any time.
6. All Competitors entering the Full Competition must complete a minimum of EIGHT hours airborne. Solo entries, where the entrant has less than 100 hours P1, are only required to complete a minimum of SEVEN hours airborne. The remainder of the available time (04:30-21:30) must be used in connection with the theme of the entry.
7. All Competitors entering the Half Competition must complete a certified 4 hours airborne and not exceed 4:30 hrs with the entry being completed either before 12:00 hrs or started after 13:00 hrs. The theme should be very simple. Competitors must comply with all Rules except 6 above. Reports should be brief but must include accurate recording of all technical information concerning the flight. Scoring will be similar to the full competition but entries under this Role will not qualify for the Principal Awards.
8. Competitors will declare, in advance, their objectives, which must be submitted in a sealed envelope to the Co-ordinator. Neither tracks nor reciprocal tracks within 15 of each other may be flown.
9. All receipts for fuel and landing fees and any Customs dockets must accompany the flight log, together with all maps and charts and weather reports used. Rough notes made during the flight must be enclosed. Photographs or other acceptable evidence of the achievement of turning points must also be submitted. Total time taken with all ETA's and ATA's/ETD's and ATD's for each sector must be included. All times calculated from take-off to touchdown.
10. Entrants are required to complete and submit, after the flight, a detailed flight log on the forms provided, accompanied by a submitted log and detailed report in English should be typewritten wherever possible or, if handwritten, clear and legible to the Judges.It must be sent to:
11. Competitors are required to assemble the report with full details of each sector in a logical
order and present it in a folder. The folder must contain the following:
a) Mandatory use of all official competition forms
b) Starting, finishing and turning points with straight line tracks in nautical miles between points including time schedule.
c) Ground speed achieved between turning points.
d) Amount of fuel uplifted at each point.
e) Total average speed.
f) Total flight time involved.
g) Weather conditions and reports.
h) Relevant narrative.
i) Maps, charts and photographs conveniently mounted for ease of reference by the Judges.
The flight log and all enclosures may be taken away by the Competitors after the Awards Ceremony or will be returned as soon as possible after that date.
Sponsorship and Awards
How to enter
Dawn to Dusk homepageCopyright © 2001 Dawn to Dusk | aerospace | 1 |
http://mailto:[email protected]/index.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=79ba7dd1-2cf8-4317-a89a-d170a403978d | 2015-03-28T05:15:26 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-14/segments/1427131297281.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20150323172137-00269-ip-10-168-14-71.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.89428 | 518 | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-14__0__138218090 | en | Wed, Feb 04, 2009
Aero-Terms are designed to be a daily reminder of the terms,
names, acronyms and explanations of the unique language that
populates the aviation world. Aerospace, sport aviation, fixed
wing, helo, you name it... it's all fair game.
Aero-Terms should serve as a quick but intriguing reminder of
the terms you may use every day, or an introduction to an aspects
of the Aero-World you may not yet be familiar with. ANN also
encourages readers to go beyond the FMI link, and further research
any intriguing terms.
Suggestions for future Aero-Terms are ALWAYS
welcome, as are additions or discussion of the
explanations given for each Aero-Term.
The Brodie landing system was a method of landing light
aeroplane devised by James H Brodie, a Captain of the United States
Air Force during World War II. The method of landing involved
catching a hook attached to the plane upon a sling which itself was
attached to a cable. This system proved useful in landing aircraft
in normally unsuitable terrain, such as the jungle or in mountains,
and also afforded good camouflage. The system was also used for
landing light aircraft on ships. Brodie and test pilot Flight
Officer Raymond Gregory were awarded the Legion of Merit for their
work on the system in 1945.
CVR Indicates Pounding On Cockpit Door, Shouting For It To Be Opened Data retrieved from the Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) aboard the Germanwings Airbus A320 that went down in the F>[...]
Also: Nanchang CJ-6A, USAF T-X Program, UK AAIB Withholds Info, Aussie Aero-Politics, GPS Errors Found, ATC Reform House Bill HR 476 will eliminate G.I. training benefits for those>[...]
Also: ALPA v UAVs, Aero-Community Update: XPrize, FAA Streamlines UAS COAs, Airport Infrastructure, ATC Reform, New SpaceX Rocket Data retrieved from the Cockpit Voice Recorder (CV>[...]
Fun Places To Fly It may still be cold and snowy where you are, but spring is here and the flying weather will soon start to get better everywhere.>[...]
A waypoint designed to permit early turns, thus allowing the aircraft to roll out onto the center of the desired track to the next waypoint.>[...] | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.warhistoryonline.com/news/grey-wolf.html | 2024-02-24T08:37:28 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474526.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224080616-20240224110616-00567.warc.gz | 0.959614 | 763 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__172999622 | en | The US Air Force took delivery of its first MH-139 Grey Wolf helicopters at Duke Field, Florida on December 19th, 2019.
The replacement for the longstanding UH-1N Huey helicopters was the winner of a competition devised by the Air force.
The $2.38 Billion contract was awarded to Boeing back in September 2018, beating Lockheed Martin Sikorsky and Sierra Nevada Corp, a win that took some commentators by surprise.
The MH-139 is a military version of Leonardo helicopters AW-139, a tried and tested commercial aircraft.
Boeing’s rivals had both put forward models based on the UH-60 Black Hawk, but their bid came in well below the budget cost set out by the USAF, by a staggering $1.7 Billion.
General Timothy Ray announced the new name for the helicopter, comparing it to the beast native to the wilder spaces to the north of the US.
He said the wolf, ‘strikes fear in the hearts of many…as they hunt as a pack, they attack as one, they bring the force of many.’
The new helicopters represent a change of direction for the Air force in that the Grey Wolf is based upon a completely different airframe from those flown by the other branches of the military.
This first delivery went to Detachment 7, headed up by Lt. Col. Mary Clark, for testing and evaluation.
The helicopters will be based for a short time at the Duke Field before relocating to Malmstrom Air Force Base in Montana where the aircraft will be operated by pilots and special-mission aviators.
It is planned for use in missile defence, search and rescue and transportation of government officials and security forces.
But their central role will undoubtedly be the protection of the US nuclear assets. US Intercontinental Ballistic Missile fields are set out right across the Northern States of Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Nebraska and North Dakota.
It plugs the holes in the Huey UH-1N offer by being faster and more adaptable with state-of-the-art avionics that take the workload off the crew.
The new Grey Wolf also has better battlefield survivability and can travel further, with a bigger payload of an additional 5,000 pounds, for longer.
Add to that the ease with which the aircraft can be maintained at 1.34 to 1 man-hours per flight hour, with off-the-shelf repair solutions supplied in more than 100 countries worldwide it makes the MH-139 a surprisingly cost-effective choice.
A further eighty Grey Wolf helicopters are programmed to be delivered over the coming years as the Huey is gradually phased out.
It can carry a payload of up to nine mission-ready troops at 135 knots with a range of over two hundred nautical miles.
Boeing make a billion dollar boast that their Grey Wolf can save the Air Force money due to the high commercial pedigree of the aircraft.
It has already racked up over two million flight hours as a commercial helicopter thereby proving its tried and tested reliability, giving the USAF potential for huge long-term life cycle savings.
The UH-1N Huey entered service with the US military in 1970 flying missions in Vietnam. It was seen by some as a controversial choice at the time as the PT6T engines were built by Canadian firm Pratt and Whitney.
The liberal Canadian government of the day was opposed to the USA’s South East Asia policies, prompting the US to source a home-grown engine.
It has since seen service with the US military in many conflict and support zones across the world. Boeing have confirmed that all parts for the new MH-139 Grey Wolf will be fabricated in the USA. | aerospace | 1 |
http://forum.uniforminsignia.org/viewtopic.php?f=26&p=31926&sid=f112a5874b9ecaa3af6a195b4fef9200 | 2017-04-25T14:22:50 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917120461.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031200-00643-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.894995 | 262 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__189787967 | en | Civil organizations, Other organizations
Moderators: Miklós Lovász, kaldi, Chuck Anderson, Pavel Močoch, Erskine Calderon, Lukasz Gaszewski, ChrisWI, Zdzislaw Rudzki
The (US) Air Transport Command was an organisation that exist between 1942 and 1948. Its personnel and equipment were contracted from civilian airlines and put under control of the US Army Air Force (USAAF).
Its purpose was to fly aircrafts to were they were needed (repair bases or to the front) and to ferry equipment oversea.http://insignias.wikia.com/wiki/Air_Transport_Command_(USA)
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I note that the brevets for non-pilots used what I think of as the British practice of only one wing.
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https://www.news-press.com/story/opinion/2015/02/27/editorial-mars-one-destined-dreamland/24149699/ | 2023-03-24T04:52:34 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945242.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20230324020038-20230324050038-00647.warc.gz | 0.970549 | 648 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__197219018 | en | Editorial: Mars One destined for dreamland
It's hard not to be impressed by the ambition of a Dutch non-profit called Mars One, which says it hopes to send humans to Mars by 2025. The group, which takes no government funding, said last week that it had received more than 202,000 applicants from would-be astronauts and whittled them down to 100.
It's also hard not to notice the ethical debate that the project has ignited. Mars One would send its people on a one-way trip to Mars, where they would live for some indefinite period producing their own power, water and breathable air, among other things. Are the volunteers modern-day pioneers? Or merely suicidal?
But the psychological aspects, however interesting, are virtually a moot point. That is because Mars One is so utterly lacking in practicality and financial backing that it has a near-zero chance of getting off the ground.
The enterprise has all the hallmarks of government-funded predecessors that were unveiled with audacious aims, received substantial funding, then died quiet deaths. Those projects went by such names as the National Aerospace Plane, a vehicle that would whisk people to the far side of the Earth in minutes; the Space Exploration Initiative, a government-backed Mars mission; and the X-33/VentureStar launch system, a public-private partnership that would reduce the cost of getting into space.
None got further than a few preliminary tests or prototypes. As long as they existed, though, they served as a rationale for funneling money to aerospace companies, which used the money to keep people employed and to maintain their expertise.
Mars One appears destined for a similar fate. The money it raises from crowd funding and corporate sponsorships will keep its people employed, and it will help maintain publicity and enthusiasm for space travel.
What it is highly unlikely to do is provide sufficient money to actually send people to Mars.
The $6 billion that Mars One officials say would be needed to send four people to the red planet is an eye-popping figure for a non-profit. It is also implausibly low. NASA estimated its Mars program of the early 1990s would cost more than 80 times as much, some $500 billion.
Granted, that program called for bringing the astronauts home, which raises the cost substantially. It was also to have been government-run, which would have meant more bureaucracy and less efficiency. Even so, it is a useful frame of reference. And with inflation, the price tag would be closer to $1 trillion today.
Mars One faces the same obstacle that sidelined government programs in the past: the incredible costs of getting payloads into space using chemical rockets, the only existing technology.
This might seem like a lot of naysaying. Perhaps it is. Critics scoffed at Christopher Columbus. They pooh-poohed the idea of flying machines. But the economic and physical realities faced by Mars One are daunting. And the incentives to raise money to keep the group going are pretty strong.
For these reasons, it is best not to get too invested in this program, either emotionally or financially. | aerospace | 1 |
https://en.wordpress.com/tag/engineering-and-technology-magazine/ | 2016-08-24T19:59:18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982292608.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823195812-00043-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.94351 | 247 | CC-MAIN-2016-36 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-36__0__53982138 | en | E&T features editor and columnist Vitali Vitaliev put the latest version of a guide to Europe’s rail routes to the test on a recent trip to Switzerland. 710 more words
Tags » Engineering And Technology Magazine
By Jade Fell
‘Humans were born armed’ is the premise to the next of our Very Short Introduction series of reviews, War and Technology, which seeks to trace the combined history of, you guess it – war and technology. 558 more words
It is often cited that we are living in an information age. Gone are the days of trawling through text books and library archives to find the material to complete your latest homework assignment. 604 more words
The Stratolaunch air-launch platform – the largest aircraft ever to be built – is aiming to begin ferrying rockets to space by the end of the decade. 32 more words
Solar Impulse 2, the plane powered only by energy from the Sun, has completed its 15-month mission to circumnavigate the world.
Landing in Abu Dhabi yesterday – where it first took off in March 2015 – the plane finally completed its epic 25,000-mile record-breaking journey. 42 more words | aerospace | 1 |
https://spacehubs.network/sun-opens-its-third-open-call-to-scale-start-ups-in-the-space-sector/ | 2023-11-30T11:03:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100184.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130094531-20231130124531-00788.warc.gz | 0.934263 | 384 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__299785794 | en | SUN opens its third open call to scale start-ups in the space sector
Entering its second year, the Space Hubs Network programme launches its third open call. From the period of 19th of January 2022 to 14th of April 2022, we are calling all innovative start-ups, scale-ups, and entrepreneurs in the space sector to join our programme and scale their businesses.
This two-year EU-funded programme helps companies, with promising space upstream and downstream solutions, to develop their technology in the space sector through different support programmes: pre-incubation, pre-acceleration, post-acceleration, aims to scout more start-ups to increase the commercialisation of space-enabled solutions and the growth of European entrepreneurs.
In order to provide mentoring and support to the entrepreneurs, SUN has a pool with more than 50 mentors with distinct expertise that covers different areas of action, such as space and aerospace, innovation, investments, entrepreneurship, marketing, business development, and more. Furthermore, the SUN’s programme aims also to host several webinars, hackathons and roadshows with relevant topics in the space sector, promoting synergies and adding value to the European space ecosystem.
The SUN project is promoted by six organisations with experience in the space sector and/or start-ups industry community: Axsysnav, Brimatech Services, Civitta Romania, F6S, Science Park Graz and Startup Division. All the support provided with the project is free of charge to all the selected participants.
The deadline for applications is the 14th of April 2022, 17:00 CET. The application has to be submitted through the following link: https://spacehubs.network/join-us/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under Grant Agreement no. 101004374. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.oyeyeah.com/news/paf-aircraft-crashes-near-shakarparian-islamabad/ | 2022-07-02T12:20:34 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104054564.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20220702101738-20220702131738-00336.warc.gz | 0.948091 | 246 | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__252838427 | en | Pakistan Air Force reports with regret that a PAF F-16 aircraft crashed near Shakarparian, in Islamabad during the rehearsals of the 23rd March parade.
According to a PAF spokesman, Wing Commander Noman Akram embraced martyrdom in the incident.
He was the winner of Sher Afghan’s trophy for best marksman last year.
“Pakistan Air Force reports with regret that a PAF F-16 aircraft crashed near Shakarparian, Islamabad during the rehearsals of 23rd March parade,” said the statement.
A board of inquiry has been ordered by Air Headquarters to determine the cause of the accident, the statement added.
President Arif Alvi and Prime Minister Imran Khan have expressed their regrets over the incident and extended their prayers for Wing Commander Noman Akram.
A very sad incident. Wg Cdr Nauman Akram a daring and fearless pilot commanding an elite Squadron of PAF embraced shahdat. May Allah Almighty give his family fortitude and strength to bear this loss. Ameen @ImranKhanPTI @OfficialDGISPR
— Imran Ismail (@ImranIsmailPTI) March 11, 2020 | aerospace | 1 |
https://microfinancemonitor.com/beam-me-to-mars-begins-tonight-88798-radio-messages-to-hit-mars/22493 | 2021-07-26T21:09:11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046152144.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20210726183622-20210726213622-00022.warc.gz | 0.953283 | 846 | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__97744422 | en | Today, earthlings will celebrate the 50th anniversary of the first mission to Mars by NASA’s Mariner 4 that was launched on Nov. 28, 1964, by sending about 90,000 messages via radio telescopes to Mars.
US space funding company Uwingu, which has organized the extraterrestrial shout-out to mark the 50th anniversary of NASA’s first robotic Mars mission, hopes to raise funds for its other projects.
Titled “Beam Me To Mars”, the initiative has asked participants to send digital radio-wave transmissions of their names, messages and pictures to Mars for fees ranging from $5 to $99. It has received 88,798 total names and messages so far to beamed to Mars.
The fundraising was quite successful with 90,000 chipped in, including some celebrities like Seth Green and actor George Takei, who portrayed Mr. Sulu on the television series “Star Trek.”
The radio transmission of messages to Mars will begin today, Friday Nov. 28 at 3 p.m. EST/2000 GMT/01:30IST on Friday. The messages will travel at the speed of light and take 15 minutes to reach Mars. The entire transmission will be repeated twice.
Copies of the messages will be delivered to Congress, to NASA headquarters in Washington, and the United Nations in New York as a show of support for human space exploration.
“Though no one is on Mars yet to receive the messages, here on Earth people will hear them loud and clear,” Uwingu wrote on its website.
Here are some messages from known celebrities or professionals:
Here is a sample message from actress Mary Miranda:
“Mars, one day I hope to visit your planet. The red dirt is a bit too country for me, maybe Blake Shelton would like it, but that’s okay, your mystery holds enough romance for me to visit. Elon Musk, our current day Tony Stark says that we will have a million people on your planet in the next century. I hope that I am one of those people! Buzz Aldrin has been saying “Get Your AS**to Mars” for years, even before he was training for his Apollo 11 mission to the Moon. Astronomy is one of my passions. We need to learn more about the universe we live in. Uwingu, Thank you for putting together this campaign to provide grants for space research, education, and exploration so that OUR generation can get to Mars and beyond! This is a special message to NASA, Congress, and the United Nations — as AMERICANs, we want to lead humankind’s adventures off our planet and take our technologies to deep space and other planets!
—Mary Miranda, Season 4 of The Voice – Team Shakira”
“Hey Mars: In 1992, I was part of a team that sent a spacecraft called Mars Observer to study you. You killed it. Three days out from orbit insertion and poof, it was gone. We never heard from it again. I took it very hard. Then, a little over a decade later, I was part of a team that sent two rovers called Spirit and Opportunity to study you. These (if they landed successfully) were designed to last for 90 sols. In contrast to what happened with Mars Observer, this time you smiled on us. Both rovers landed successfully, Spirit lasted six years, and Opportunity is still going after more than ten years. I appreciate it. So I guess now you and I can call it even.
—Dr. Steve Squyres, planetary scientist and NASA Mars rover PI”
“Admirers, first time callers. We’re really looking forward to getting to know you better. We can’t wait to eventually enjoy one of your many Starbucks and float in the lazy river at Atlantis Mars. Be patient, we’re coming. And we’ve got a sweet music mix for #SpringBreakOnMars. Much love.
—Seth Green & Clare Grant, actors, directors, husband & wife” | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.jetphotos.net/showphotos.php?cn=036&manu=Airbus | 2016-07-29T19:45:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-30/segments/1469257831771.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20160723071031-00237-ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.879925 | 106 | CC-MAIN-2016-30 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-30__0__150190195 | en | Third A400M for Malaysian Air Force as "RMAF443" on delivery flight.
China Southern 325 from Guangzhou on final for RWY16R.
CZ326 from SYD is approaching to land on RWY02R.
The tail end of another beautiful winter sunset at LAX as China Southern 327 arrives from Guangzhou at 5:34pm local time.
On final for runway 06 (Kaagbaan) after flight China Southern 345 Super from PEK at 06:02 hrs. | aerospace | 1 |
https://ecigpratag.firebaseapp.com/906.html | 2022-10-04T17:21:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337516.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20221004152839-20221004182839-00675.warc.gz | 0.915826 | 2,651 | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__173589371 | en | Includes job entry requirements, fleet details and employment outlook. Virgin atlantic airways flight attendant interview. Virgin and easyjets basic pay is much the same, well easyjets is more i believe. Benefits of working for virgin atlantic virgin atlantic careers. Well, you might have a second chance because virgin atlantic is recruiting flight attendants to join its cabin crew based out of gatwick lgw and heathrow airport lhr. Attractive salary package consisting of a basic element, as well as flight. Hi there, just want to say thank you for the e book which my daughter found very useful and made. Virgin atlantic cabin crew requirements cabin crew wings. Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including education, certifications, additional skills.
Can contribute more thatn 6%, but 15% is max company contribution. A flight attendant also known as stewardstewardess or air hostair hostess is a member of an aircrew employed by airlines aboard commercial flights, primarily to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers. Inflight team member flight attendant former employee san francisco, ca november 5, 2015 i have met a lot of amazing people however, management and the job was quite difficult to work with. Receive monthly progress reports from a dedicated account management team. The typical virgin atlantic airways cabin crew salary is.
Crewpanel channel at youtube, can help to those peoples who are looking for a job as cabin crew. See all flight attendant salaries to learn how this stacks up in the market. The only reason i work for virgin is basically the staff. Work belongs to afa flight attendants on the united airlines system seniority list. Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including education, certifications, additional skills, the number of years you have spent in your profession. Mateusz is passionate about the aviation industry and helping aspiring flight attendants achieve. A virgin atlantic flight attendant has spilt the beans on the 10 years she spent living the high life in the fascinating new book cabin fever. Virgin atlantic airways flight attendant salaries glassdoor. Working as a flight attendant at virgin australia airlines. Discounted virgin australia lounge memberships and offers yearround. Hi there, just want to say thank you for the e book which my daughter found. Cabin crew salaries at virgin atlantic airways can range from.
Virgin atlantic cabin crew salary, roster and working conditions. Additional benefits for cabin crew working with singapore airlines are. This estimate is based upon 47 virgin america flight attendant salary reports provided by employees or estimated based upon statistical methods. Agreement between spirit airlines and the association of. Find your dream role with us and apply for a job today. The amount paid is dependent on the length of stay and. Most candidates, whether successful or not, leave an etihad assessment day with a positive experience they feel like theyve had a fair opportunity to present themselves and leave with a good impression of the airline. Virgin atlantic cabin crew have a determined goal to make every customers inflight experience as memorable as the adventure that awaits them at their destination.
Virgin america airlines jobs are you virgin enough for virgin america. Virgin atlantic cabin crew salary, roster and working. Etihads cabin crew assessment days are generally regarded as some of the most professionally run in the middle east. A free inside look at virgin atlantic airways salary trends based on 49 salaries wages for 34 jobs at virgin atlantic airways.
I earn around what a flight attendant earns if we use the above. Average virgin atlantic airways ltd salary in united. In flight team member flight attendant former employee san francisco, ca november 5, 2015 i have met a lot of amazing people however, management and the job was quite difficult to work with. Virgin atlantic is a british airline that operates from londongatwick, londonheathrow and manchester. The airlines base salary for a flight attendant is. Our virgin australia domestic cabin crew operate the boeing 737 and airbus 330 aircraft on our domestic and shorthaul international network. Glassdoor has salaries, wages, tips, bonuses, and hourly pay based upon employee reports and. The british company, founded 27 years ago by swashbuckling. Virgin atlantic flight attendant salaries in the united kingdom indeed. Great pros and cons of flying, discounts and very cheap flights as part of concessions.
Now accepting applications for a320 captains, a330 captains, b737ng captains, b777 captains, b744 captains for china southern, china eastern, hainan airlines. The most enjoyable part of the job was travelling the globe with a group of fabulous crew each flight. Working with the public was a great experience, sometimes very hard but very rewarding. The son of a barrister and flight attendant, branson. We all have a part to play to ensure our continued success. Salaries posted anonymously by virgin atlantic airways employees. Building a great airline with a pioneering spirit and a can do attitude. From our first leased jumbo to the uks second largest long haul airline, theyve come a long way.
All our videos will help you in flight attendant interview p. Save 10% on select domestic and international flights. Im looking for approximate yearly salary for a flight attendant. Paid on arrival at the crew hotel in the local currency. Amount paid is dependent on length of stay, cost of living at. The airline offers longhaul flights only, mostly to the united states and the caribbean. The average salary for virgin atlantic airways ltd employees in united kingdom is. This estimate is based upon 1 virgin atlantic airways flight attendant salary reports provided by employees or estimated based upon statistical methods. Expect to have between 80 to 110 flying hours per month. And remember with both you get trip pay and allowances for example day off paymetns, distrubtion payments. Virgin australia domestic cabin crew bases are adelaide, brisbane, melbourne, perth and sydney. Heres the bit where virgin atlantic cabin crew start to make some money. With access from day one to a host of benefits youll have access to a range of deals. I earn around what a flight attendant earns if we use the above figure and i have to pay daily commuting costs, spend money on work clothes, work lunches etc sit bored at a desk all.
The company has grown substantially, including a nearly 30 percent increase in the flight attendant workforce. Visit payscale to research virgin atlantic airways ltd. Find our best fares on your next flights to the us and beyond, with a fantastic choice of food, drinks, award winning entertainment and onboard wifi. Jan 07, 2020 the average salary for virgin atlantic airways ltd employees in united kingdom is. Checkin time the time at which a flight attendant is required to report for duty. Reviews from virgin australia airlines employees about virgin australia airlines culture, salaries, benefits, worklife balance, management, job security, and more. Gave me the opportunity to travel the entire virgin atlantic network. Collectively called the cabin crew, flight attendants are deployed in the cabins of all commercial flights and additionally may also be present on some private or business jets and. Flight attendant salary 2019 latest data best career picks.
Apr 14, 2002 flight attendants start on a relatively low salary around. Second time the charm for virgin america flight attendants. The range of destinations across the world is increasing all the time. Virgin america flight attendant salaries careerbliss. Search and apply for airline jobs at virgin atlantic careers, and learn more about the. Youll suit this role if you have a passion for customer service and thrive in a fastpaced environment. Cabin crew jobs at virgin atlantic virgin atlantic careers. Virgin atlantic newbie cabin crew pay add a new post. British airways cabin crew requirements cabin crew wings. Virgin atlantic robot flight attendants as imagined by saturday night live.
The personal assistant role was what made me go into event management. Virgin atlantic is a rare peacock in the airline industry, which over the years has morphed into a flock of mostly tired old birds. Richard branson owes his fortune to a conglomerate of businesses bearing the virgin brand name, including virgin atlantic and virgin galactic. Launched in august 2007, virgin america airlines is a new, californiabased airline with brand new planes. Free interview details posted anonymously by virgin atlantic airways interview candidates.
Meeting inflight sales targets, and working closely with the captain and the rest of the crew makes every flight a memorable one. How much do virgin atlantic airways employees make. Virgin atlantic airways cabin crew salaries glassdoor. Average virgin atlantic airways ltd salary in united kingdom. Furthermore, virgin has turned the corner from being a moneyleaking startup to a. The primary role of the cabin crew is to ensure safe flight, although the. The plan is a retirement savings plan which is set up on a salary sacrifice basis so it. Company date of hire upon successful completion of initial flight attendant training the flight attendants company date of hire shall be considered his. Virgin america flight attendant salaries glassdoor.
Thank you for that open reply glamourgirl, virgin appeals to me as well so much and i am currently waiting for an application form from them, however, i also worry about how i am going to pay my mortgage in the event that i am successful, so your open reply really does help a lot. Discover more about cabin crew jobs and help make our customers journeys with us memorable. Virgin atlantic cabin crew recruitment step by step process 2020. Virgin atlantic cabin crew salary, working conditions, schedule, flight hours per month, training course, home base. Virgin atlantic are based out of london gatwick, london heathrow and manchester airport. Jobs cabin crew hub flight attendant interviews cabin. Like all companies carrying the virgin brand, they aim to be market leaders through innovative practices and good old fashioned fun. Airline pilot central is your source for uptodate airline pilot pay, retirement, and pilot hiring information for over 100 us and canadian legacy, major, lowcost, national, regional, and cargo airlines. The average salary for a flight attendant at virgin atlantic airways ltd in united kingdom is. The airline also operates flights from glasgow and seasonal flights from belfast. Also i knew 10 yrs ago virgin atlantic pay was low but thats what you do if you love the job. Virgin atlantic cabin crew salary and benefits 2020. Mateusz maszczynski is a serving international flight attendant with experience at a major middle east and european airline.
Airport services cabin crew clubhouses contact centres. May 15, 2014 a virgin atlantic flight attendant has spilt the beans on the 10 years she spent living the high life in the fascinating new book cabin fever. Nov 04, 2011 virgin atlantic is a rare peacock in the airline industry, which over the years has morphed into a flock of mostly tired old birds. Virgin atlantic pilot jobs news for airline pilots and. Jul 02, 2016 work belongs to afa flight attendants on the united airlines system seniority list. If coming from a commercial background you must have an airbus or boeing rating and experience with 3000 hours, on type. May 22, 2018 well, you might have a second chance because virgin atlantic is recruiting flight attendants to join its cabin crew based out of gatwick lgw and heathrow airport lhr. Virgin atlantic robot flight attendants as imagined by. Weve got the full details of the virgin atlantic salary and benefits package for cabin crew updated for 2017 with information on fixed term. Virgin atlantic virgin australia aer lingus ryanair air wisconsin hawaiian silkair air canada gulf air oman air gojet.
And it goes so much further than service with a smile. Visit payscale to research flight attendant salaries by city, experience, skill, employer. We think our crew are the 5th emergency service, superheros in the sky. Flight attendant salaries at virgin atlantic airways can range from. Our cabin crew play an important role at virgin atlantic. Virgin atlantic airways flight attendant interview questions.1265 1138 165 727 1575 1488 286 126 793 15 1221 23 1410 321 841 1380 650 1211 394 381 723 1009 1520 1069 268 492 1238 1441 806 461 432 1300 792 1297 1272 494 | aerospace | 1 |
http://portsmouthpoint.blogspot.com/2015/05/war-engine-for-innovation.html | 2018-06-21T08:33:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864110.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20180621075105-20180621095105-00507.warc.gz | 0.982957 | 2,317 | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__184202798 | en | Many people say that war is not good for anything, and that the world would be a much better place if it had never existed. However the necessity of a way to defeat one’s enemy has been the cause of many new technologies which are still in use today, in both the military and civilian sectors. Here are a few examples, just to whet your appetite.
1. Jet engine. The concept of jet engines and jet propulsion has been around for over 2000 years, but not in the form that we would think of today. By 1 A.D. the aeolipile had been invented, which was a spherical device with two nozzles that channelled steam so that the sphere would spin. However as it produced no mechanical power it was not seen as important. The next people to use jet propulsion were the Chinese during the thirteenth century. This was through the use of gunpowder-propelled fireworks, which were later developed into rockets for military use. However due to the inefficiency of these rockets jet propulsion technology made no further progressions until the twentieth century. Several nations attempted to use jet engines in their military aircraft during World War II. In 1928 Frank Whittle came up with a design for a turbojet for military aircraft. The end of result of the work by Frank and others was the Gloucester Meteor, the first British fighter plane with a jet engine, which entered service with the RAF in 1944, but did not play a particularly large role in the aerial battlegrounds near the end of the war. However in Germany the Messerschmitt Me 262 was the world’s first jet engine fighter, arriving shortly before the Gloucester Meteor. Due to effective bombing of German factories and facilities by the Allies, production started too late to get enough in the air to make a difference. If Germany had mass-produced these fighters when the design was first completed, it could have given them an edge in the battles for air superiority against the RAF in 1944 and 1945, as the German fighter jets could outperform most British fighter planes, including the Hurricane and the Spitfire. Nowadays, there are many different types of jet engine, and the main use for these is still for aircraft, both public and military.
2. Anatomy. In the ancient world, physicians and scholars would conduct medical examinations upon corpses of enemy soldiers after a battle. They were not allowed to dishonour their own dead people by cutting up and opening up their corpses, but enemy soldiers did not have this privilege. A lot about human anatomy was discovered by these ancient physicians. The Roman Empire in particular contributed a vast amount of knowledge about human anatomy and how the body worked. Improved understanding of anatomy continued throughout the Napoleonic, Crimean and two World Wars.
3. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). This the piece of technology that allows us to have such thin televisions and screens. However the original reason LCDs were invented was not to reduce the size of your TV set. Liquid Crystal Display technology was developed as a totally new way of producing pictures on screens. Many different people worked on the theories and science behind liquid crystals and displays using them, however it was a military organisation that helped to provide one of the key breakthroughs. Late in the 1960s, the UK's Royal Radar Establishment at Malvern undertook pioneering work on the technology and worked alongside George William Gray and a team from the University of Hull in order to discover the exact type of liquid crystals which had the right properties for use in LCDs. This technology was developed for computers and other systems during the Cold War, and the British military played an important role in its creation and progression.
4. The Hovercraft. The theories behind this particular invention had been around for quite a while before the military actually took an interest in it, and several inventors had come up with designs that were never realised due to a lack of funding. Christopher Cockerell, a British mechanical engineer, would be the first one to have his concept and design turned into a full scale vehicle. During the 1950s he tried to get all three branches of the military to give him funding for building a proper size version of his successful small scale models, but no-one was interested, as they did not believe that it applied to them. However Cockerell did finally manage to convince the Naval Research Development Corporation to fund the development of the hovercraft in 1958. In 1959, the SR.N1 was completed, the world’s first actual hovercraft. It is still used today as a military vehicle by nations such as Russia and the United States of America, but it is also used around the world as a commercial transport and by organisations such as the RNLI and the coastguard’s of various nations. At the moment the service run by Hovertravel between the Isle of Wight and Portsmouth is the only public hovercraft service in the entire United Kingdom.
5. Infrared detector. Infrared is a different part of the spectra to visible light, and this means that it can be used in ways that visible light cannot or to compensate for a lack of visible light. Nowadays, infrared detectors have many uses in many different areas of life. They are used as the sensor system in items such as burglar alarms and automatic doors, as well as for certain medical breathalysers. Their main use and original purpose however is that of night vision. There are two types of night vision, one where the existing light is massively amplified and one where you see the temperature of your surroundings. Infrared detectors are the technology behind this second type of night vision, sometimes referred to as heat vision. By the end of World War II, infrared technology was very much still in its infancy, although certain devices did exist such as the top-secret Type K Monocular “TABBY” Night Vision Device employed by the British special forces during the last years of the war. It was during the 1950s that the militaries of various nations took a serious interest in this type of technology and its possible applications. One of these applications was in guided (heat-seeking) missiles, such as the Sidewinder, which entered service in the US and UK military from the mid-1950s.
6. Radar. This is one technology that has stayed the almost exactly the same in its uses since its development, as it has mainly just extended to be used in various different devices. Radar is a method of detecting objects by using radio waves. They are emitted from a device and will be reflected if they hit an object. If reflected back they will be received by a sensor. By sending out waves that have a specific speed, you can use the time it took for the wave to return to find out how far away the detected object is. This was developed by many different nations during the first half of the twentieth century. During the 1930s many different systems of detection and tracking were created, primarily by the militaries of the UK, Germany and the US. However it was the British who had developed the best systems in the final years before the war, and it was the use of radar technology to detect and track enemy fighters that was one of the major factors in the victory of the RAF in the Battle of Britain in the early part of World War II. Radar technology is still heavily used by the military in order to detect and track planes, boats and missiles, but is now used commercially as well, for navigational purposes, both in the air and at sea.
7. Radio direction finding. This is similar to radar in that it also uses radio waves to determine the position of an object. However it works in almost the reverse way to radar. It is used to detect the bearing or direction to a source which is emitting radio waves, but it does not give the distance. The purpose of this technology is to find out the location of the device itself, rather than to find out the location of another device. By having several stations in various locations emitting radio waves of the same frequency, a person in a vehicle with an RDF device can work out their position either through studying the interference patterns of the radio waves or through using the bearings of the various radio sources to triangulate their position. This technology was exploited by both sides during World War II, although arguably the British made better use of it. British forces developed this technology to create high-frequency direction finders during the 1930s, partially for their own use in aircraft and on naval vessels, but partially to locate German U-boats when they broadcasted information via radio waves. The Germans did not know about the high-frequency radio direction finding devices developed by the British and as such developed techniques of avoiding older types of radio direction finder. This technology was the predecessor to GPS, and has largely been replaced by it, but still works due to the continued existence of radio stations, and is therefore often used as a backup navigational system on small boats. Most importantly, the successors to basic RDF ensured accurate navigation in the Atlantic, North Sea and Mediterranean from the 1950s to the 1990s. This technology was vital to safety in the English Channel for decades.
8. GPS. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system. It is used to provide location as well as weather information to anywhere on Earth, and is integral to many of the things we take for granted today. This system was created and is maintained by the government of the USA, but is free to anyone with a GPS receiver. It was originally created by the United States military during the Cold War as a part of the arms race against the USSR. Although it was needed for various military reasons by the US, the only one that was considered serious enough was as a method of determining launch positions for their weapon systems, and to ensure that the weapons headed towards the intended targets. The first successful satellite navigation system was tested in 1960 by the US Navy. In time this led to GPS. Over the years many developments were made by the military, and gradually the public were allowed to use it. Originally, the public only got to use a degraded system that had been degraded on purpose, while the military used the highest quality frequency. However as of 2000 the same high quality frequency is available for use by all systems, both military and civilian. The technology is actually based upon time. Each satellite carries a highly precise and accurate atomic clock, which is synchronised with other satellites and the ground stations. The satellites constantly emit a signal with the time and their exact position. The GPS receiver uses the signals from multiple satellites in complex equations in order to work out the precise location of the bearer of the device. In order to calculate the location and time, a GPS receiver must have a clear line to at least four different satellites. Due to the accuracy of this information and the ability to receive it almost anywhere on Earth, GPS technology is the foundation of the vast majority of the world’s navigation and mobile communication. When GPS was first developed the designers realised that the vast distances between the satellites and the receivers meant that you would have to take account of Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity to ensure accuracy. The USAF originally refused to believe this - and so the first GPS satellites were fitted with two systems: one accounting for the time differences of relativity, the other not bothering. We now know “relative time” is real! | aerospace | 1 |
http://briancohenbooks.com/Spacex%20Next%20Rocket | 2021-03-02T04:15:04 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178363217.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20210302034236-20210302064236-00213.warc.gz | 0.842827 | 2,008 | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__149095938 | en | SpaceX is developing their next-generation rocket to be reusable from the beginning, just like an aircraft, and thus needs to start with narrow flight test objectives, while still aiming to land the rocket successfully to be used subsequently in further tests to expand the flight envelope. 14/01/2019 · “SpaceX Interplanetary Transport System” by SpaceX “CRS-12 Launch Webcast” by SpaceX “CRS-8 First Stage Landing on Droneship” by SpaceX “Grasshopper 325m Test Single Camera Hexacopter” by SpaceX “How Not to Land an Orbital Rocket Booster” by SpaceX “CRS-10 Falcon 9 First Stage Landing” by SpaceX. 18/02/2018 · Update for Feb. 22: SpaceX's Falcon 9 mission to launch the Paz satellite has successfully lifted off. See our full story here: SpaceX Launches 1st Test Satellites for Starlink Internet Constellation Along with Spain's Paz SpaceX has delayed the launch of its next Falcon 9 rocket to no earlier than. 07/02/2018 · Yesterday, SpaceX successfully launched its Falcon Heavy rocket to much fanfare. After numerous delays due to upper-level winds, the rocket lifted off at 3:45 PM ET on Tuesday. The rocket worked perfectly, delivering the test payload into orbit a red Tesla roadster and coasting for six hours. 07/02/2018 · The billionaire CEO of SpaceX hosted a press conference after the company's Falcon Heavy rocket aced its first launch Tuesday. The new rocket is slated to fly a hefty telecommunications satellite for Arabsat, a Saudi Arabia-based firm, during the first half of 2018.
Find out when the next Rocket Launch or Astronaut Presentation will be at Kennedy Space Center. Plan a trip and have the experience of a lifetime! The next SpaceX resupply launch to the International Space Station, scheduled for Dec. 4, will bring a host of science material to astronauts living and working on the orbiting laboratory. SpaceX Test-Fires Falcon 9 Rocket Ahead of Dec. 4 Dragon Launch for NASA By Amy Thompson. Who is the astronaut of the day? When is the next rocket launch? Any special events coming up? Check the calendar to plan your visit. Please note that only officially confirmed launch dates appear on the event calendar. How to Watch a Rocket Launch at Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. 11/04/2019 · Watch live coverage of the SpaceX Falcon heavy launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The Falcon Heavy will be carrying a Saudi telecommunications satellite in. 07/02/2018 · The first launch of the Falcon Heavy rocket was mostly a success for SpaceX. The middle rocket core broke apart when it crashed into the water next to the company’s autonomous drone ship, and the Tesla payload overshot its target. But the launch was an otherwise excellent showcase of what the Falcon Heavy is supposed to be all.
23/03/2018 · Move over SpaceX, there’s a new kid on the block! Well, maybe not move over, but pull up a chair to the orbital class rocket table! That’s right, Rocket Lab has officially become the second privately owned rocket company to achieve orbit with their beautiful Electron rocket. 23/04/2019 · SpaceX is likely to land the first stage of the Falcon 9 rocket set for launch April 30 on a drone ship just off the coast of Cape Canaveral, not at the company’s onshore recovery site as originally planned, after a ground test of the company’s Crew Dragon capsule at the landing pad ended in an explosion Saturday. 28/09/2019 · This evening, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk will give an update on the design and future of his company’s next-generation rocket, Starship, a massive vehicle that is meant to take people to the Moon, Mars, and beyond. The concept for Starship has evolved in numerous ways over the last few years, and now Musk plans to reveal the vehicle’s.
Raptor is a full-flow, staged combustion, methane-fueled rocket engine manufactured by SpaceX. The engine is powered by cryogenic liquid methane and liquid oxygen LOX, rather than the RP-1 kerosene and LOX used in SpaceX's prior Merlin and Kestrel rocket engine families. 08/02/2018 · Meet the BFR, SpaceX's next big rocket. The Falcon Heavy may be a remarkable rocket, particularly after its successful maiden launch on Tuesday, but SpaceX has something more impressive on the horizon: the BFR. Social Sharing. Spacecraft could.
SpaceX scraps first Starship prototype to make way for new and improved rockets. A bit less than a month after SpaceX’s first full-scale Starship prototype was partially destroyed during testing, the damaged rocket has been. 10/03/2018 · When Falcon Heavy lifted off, it became the most powerful operational rocket in the world by a factor of two. With the ability to lift into orbit nearly 64 metric tons 141,000 lb---a mass greater than a 737 jetliner loaded with passengers, crew, luggage and fuel--Falcon Heavy can lift more than twice the payload of the next closest.
The latest Tweets from SpaceX @SpaceX. SpaceX designs, manufactures and launches the world’s most advanced rockets and spacecraft. Hawthorne, CA. 20/11/2019 · A test version of SpaceX’s next-generation rocket, Starship, partially burst apart during ground tests in Texas today, erupting plumes of gas and sending some pieces of hardware soaring into the sky. Live streams set up by local space enthusiasts captured the failure in real time this afternoon.
brings you the latest images, videos and news from America's space agency. Get the latest updates on NASA missions, watch NASA TV live, and learn about our quest to reveal the unknown and benefit all humankind. 26/07/2019 · SpaceX launched a test version of its next big rocket from Texas, sending the vehicle hovering more than 65 feet 20 meters in the air before it landed back on the ground. It was the first time the test vehicle flew detached from the ground, powered by SpaceX’s next-generation rocket engine. In March 2018, SpaceX announced that it would manufacture its next-generation, 9-meter-diameter 30 ft launch vehicle and spaceship at a new facility the company is constructing in 2018–2019 on Seaside Drive at the Port of Los Angeles.
12/12/2019 · Stay up to date with the latest in spaceflight. This app features all the key players including SpaceX, NASA, ROSCOSMOS, ULA, Blue Origin, ISRO, Rocket Lab, and more. From Falcon Heavy launches to Starhopper and Starship hops to Soyuz landings, Next Spaceflight covers everything spaceflight! Features: - A rocket launch schedule with. 18/10/2019 · SpaceX's next-generation rocket, the Starship, is 50 meters long and powered by three Raptor engines, creating a whopping 12,000 kN of thrust. It is designed to haul large amounts of cargo and eventually passengers into space, for missions to the. Follow the 8 Launch Missions. Iridium has replaced its existing constellation by sending 75 Iridium NEXT satellites into space on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket over 8 different launches.
SpaceX currently operates three orbital launch sites, at Cape Canaveral, Vandenberg Air Force Base, and Kennedy Space Center, and is under construction on a fourth in Brownsville, Texas. SpaceX has indicated that they see a niche for each of the four orbital facilities and that they have sufficient launch business to fill each pad.
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Google Sigue A Santa | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/solarsystem_features-noblinds_archive_10.html | 2018-01-23T22:24:58 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084892699.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20180123211127-20180123231127-00219.warc.gz | 0.869569 | 413 | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__83501926 | en | 01.17.13 - Saturn's largest moon may look much younger than it really is because its craters are getting erased.
01.16.13 - This week, scientists at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory are running an experiment simulating a deep ocean hydrothermal vent to test theories about the origins of life.
01.15.13 - NASA's Mars rover Curiosity is driving toward a flat rock with pale veins that may hold clues to a wet history on the Red Planet.
01.15.13 - The people of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission have been named winners of a 2013 Space Foundation award for advancing exploration of space.
01.14.13 - On Jan. 13, 2013, at 2:24 a.m. EST, the sun erupted with an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection or CME. The CME left the sun at speeds of 330 miles per second and is expected to impact Earth around Jan. 16.
01.14.13 - A new kind of television made headlines at the 2013 annual Consumer Electronics Show in early January: Ultra High Definition TV. The TV needs content and NASA's SDO has four months worth of sun movies for them.
01.14.13 - NASA will host a media teleconference at 10 a.m. PST (1 p.m. EST) on Tuesday, Jan. 15, to provide an update about the Curiosity rover's mission to Mars' Gale Crater.
01.14.13 - A new animation celebrates the 8th anniversary of the European Space Agency's Huygens probe landing on Saturn's moon Titan. It was delivered there by NASA's Cassini spacecraft.
01.10.13 - NASA scientists at the agency's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., effectively have ruled out the possibility the asteroid Aphophis will impact Earth during a close flyby in 2036.
01.08.13 - Researchers now realize even tiny solar variations can have a significant effect on Earth's terrestrial climate. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.unmannedsystemstechnology.com/2016/11/aurora-flight-sciences-to-develop-unmanned-uh-1h-helicopter/ | 2023-10-01T05:06:21 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510781.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20231001041719-20231001071719-00301.warc.gz | 0.926899 | 552 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__177749303 | en | Aurora Flight Sciences has announced that it will be integrating the company’s Tactical Autonomous Aerial Logistics System (TALOS) on a Huey UH-1H helicopter, leveraging its work on the Autonomous Aerial Cargo Utility System (AACUS) program.
The primary goal of the AACUS program is to enable rapid cargo delivery by unmanned, and potentially optionally-manned, VTOL systems. AACUS encompasses the development and implementation of VTOL-based obstacle detection and avoidance, and allows for autonomous landings at unprepared, off-field, non-cooperative landing sites. AACUS also enables dynamic contingency planning to the point of landing, with goal-based supervisory control by any field personnel with no special training.
At the AACUS flight testing event held in Northern Virginia, the AACUS program demonstrated on a manned Bell 206 the perception and planning capabilities required for autonomous takeoff, transit and landing. “We know how to make things fly, we’ve been doing it for over 100 years,” said Retired Brig. Gen. Frank Kelley, the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Unmanned Systems. “What we don’t yet know how to do, is how to couple aircraft and autonomous systems together, but great programs like this are helping us get there.”
Aurora’s TALOS system has been demonstrated previously on a Boeing H-6U Unmanned Little Bird flown autonomously, and three different human-piloted Bell 206 aircraft. “The arrival of a Huey as our third test platform frames a key point for future customers – the TALOS system is platform agnostic; you’re not buying a new fleet of helicopters, you’re buying a capability set for your current fleet,” said John Wissler, Vice President of Aurora’s R&D Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. “TALOS is not an aircraft, nor is it a robot flying an aircraft –TALOS is transferable intelligence designed with both manned and unmanned aircraft requirements in mind. The value of TALOS can be described in a few words – platform agnostic, scalable autonomy, onboard sensing of the environment, and on-board intelligence that no other system in the world can provide.”
Commercial applications for the TALOS technology are also being explored by Aurora. “Think of the civilian first responder pilot attempting to land in a remote, storm-ravaged area at night – TALOS senses and alerts to power lines and landing zone obstacles well before the pilot and informs the pilot’s maneuvers,” said Wissler. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.defensemedianetwork.com/videos/first-f-35a-in-flight-missile-launch/ | 2017-01-18T16:02:44 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280308.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00185-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.916033 | 210 | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-04__0__143766641 | en | Army Corps of Engineers Civil Works programs span a wide range of water resource development activities, including navigation, recreation, infrastructure and environmental stewardship, flood risk management, and emergency response. One recent project addition to that impressive portfolio is Alaska District’s Craig Harbor project. As outlined by Jason Norris, a plan formulator in the Civil Works […]
Many years ago the great British explorer George Mallory, who was to die on Mount Everest, was asked...
Defense Media Network
- June 11, 2013
Sections: Photos & Videos
Labels: Attack Aircraft, Fighter Aircraft, Guided Weapons, International Militaries, JSF, U.S. Air Force
In this video released by Lockheed Martin, an F-35A makes the first in-flight missile launch, of an AIM-120 AMRAAM, from one of its internal weapons bays. The aircraft is also carrying AIM-9X Sidewinders on outboard wing pylons.
By Defense Media Network
From Employee Accounts | aerospace | 1 |
https://jobs.livecareer.com/l/mrb-engineer-j09180510-herouxdevtek-e598adb7e744f111b99b5826174f2051 | 2018-12-17T14:25:02 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376828507.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20181217135323-20181217161323-00152.warc.gz | 0.899649 | 761 | CC-MAIN-2018-51 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__211921188 | en | Headquartered in Longueuil, Qubec, Canada, Hroux-Devtek is a globally active company serving the Aerospace markets from production facilities in North America and Europe. The Company's longevity, flexibility, and track record for the development and implementation of innovative production systems have distinguished it as a leader in the Landing Gear market.
The Landing Gear Market specializes in the design, qualification, manufacture and repair and overhaul of landing gears and flight critical components to a customer base that extends from the OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) to the Operators in both the commercial and military markets.
Summary of position:
Reporting to the Engineering Test Lab & Support Director, the MRB Engineer analyzes non conformities to landing gear components in order to give proper MRB disposition in regards to their integrity. MRB dispositions will assure the resulting nonconforming product meets all minimum design and HDI/customer certification requirements. If the decision is that the part can be repaired to be used in service, he/she will determine the sequence of operations needed to be taken.
Working in a dynamic environment, rich in operational complexity, we are seeking to find an MRB Engineer who is strong in technical problem solving, can demonstrate sound judgement, and acumen for organization and communication at various levels of responsibility.
The chosen individual will be working from the HDI Landing Gear USA Inc. - Strongsville facility which is the Center of Excellence for the Processing, Assembly, and Supply Chain of the Boeing 777 and 777X program
Evaluates and analyzes defects on parts from technical documents such as drawings, technical repair manuals (TO), customer specifications and stress reports in order to gather all the necessary information for the acceptance or rejection of a part that does not meets all requirements.
Ensures that the parts are structurally adequate by calculating constraints and safety factors or by asking the stress or Materials & Processes engineers for consultation in order to make a final decision.
Ensures that the assembly function is not affected by verifying the functional and structural aspects of the rejected part and develop a method for possible repair or condemning the part.
Completes documentation of non-compliances with a final disposition that meets customer requirements.
Communicates if required any additional information to customers.
Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering (Mechanical or Aerospace) from an accredited program recognized by the Washington accord
Minimum of three (3) years experience in the aerospace industry, landing gear experience preferred
Ability to interpret easily technical aerospace drawings / GD&T
Expertise in the following areas:
Strength, fatigue, and durability properties
Installation and aircraft operation
Aircraft certification requirements
Materials, processes, and part standards
Production capabilities and limitations
Strong ability to take decisions under pressure
Strong communication (verbal and written) and interpersonal skills. Previous customer relations experience preferred.
Demonstrated analytical skills with the ability to work constructively within teams, focused on problem solving
Demonstrated ability to work within tight timelines
Demonstrated ability to work independently, with minimal supervision
Experienced in MS Office computer programs (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Project)
You enjoy challenges, teamwork an a quality working environment that evolves continuously? Developing your competencies is a priority for you? Join Hroux-Devtek and "lets grow together". In accordance with the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act, 2005, wherever appropriate, support will be provided in the recruitment process and accommodations for disabilities will be provided upon request. Heroux Devtek is an equal opportunity employer.
We thank all applicants for their interest; however, only those under consideration will be contacted.
Hroux-Devtek is an equal opportunity employer. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.airports-worldwide.com/articles/article0098.php | 2023-12-04T22:40:59 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100535.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204214708-20231205004708-00030.warc.gz | 0.952664 | 5,238 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__10395978 | en | Cassini–Huygens is a joint NASA/ESA/ASI robotic spacecraft mission currently studying the planet Saturn and its moons. The spacecraft consists of two main elements: the NASA Cassini orbiter, named after the Italian-French astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini, and the ESA Huygens probe, named after the Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physicist Christiaan Huygens. It was launched on October 15, 1997 and entered into orbit around Saturn on July 1, 2004. On December 25, 2004 the Huygens probe separated from the orbiter at approximately 02:00 UTC; it reached Saturn's moon Titan on January 14, 2005 where it made an atmospheric descent to the surface and relayed scientific information. On April 18, 2008, NASA announced a two year extension of the mission. Cassini is the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn and the fourth to visit it.
Hundreds of scientists and engineers from 16 European countries and 33 of the United States make up the team responsible for designing, building, flying and collecting data from the Cassini orbiter and Huygens probe. The mission is managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where the orbiter was designed and assembled. Development of the Huygens Titan probe was managed by the European Space Research and Technology Centre, whose prime contractor for the probe is Alcatel in France. Equipment and instruments for the probe were supplied from many countries. The Italian Space Agency (ASI) provided Cassini's high-gain communication antenna, and a revolutionary compact and light-weight multimode radar (synthetic aperture radar, radar altimeter, radiometer).
Cassini has seven primary objectives:
The Cassini–Huygens spacecraft was launched on October 15, 1997 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station's Launch Complex 40 using a US Air Force Titan IVB/Centaur launch vehicle. The launch vehicle was made up of a two-stage Titan IV booster rocket, two strap-on solid rocket motors, the Centaur upper stage, and a payload enclosure, or fairing. The complete Cassini flight system was composed of the launch vehicle and the spacecraft.
The total cost of the mission is about US$3.26 billion, including $1.4 billion for pre-launch development, $704 million for mission operations, $54 million for tracking and $422 million for the launch vehicle. The US contributed $2.6 billion, ESA $500 million and ASI $160 million.
The nominal end of the mission was in 2008 but an extension of the mission until 2010 has been approved. It is possible that funding will be granted for additional extensions. A list of Cassini–Huygens abbreviations is available.
Cassini–Huygens's origins date to 1982, when the European Science Foundation and the American National Academy of Sciences formed a working group to investigate future cooperative missions. Two European scientists suggested a paired Saturn Orbiter and Titan Probe as a possible joint mission. In 1983, NASA's Solar System Exploration Committee recommended the same Orbiter and Probe pair as a core NASA project. NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) performed a joint study of the potential mission from 1984 to 1985. ESA continued with its own study in 1986, while American astronaut Sally Ride, in her influential 1987 report "NASA Leadership and America's Future in Space," also examined and approved of the Cassini mission.
While Ride's report described the Saturn orbiter and probe as a NASA solo mission, in 1988 the Associate Administrator for Space Science and Applications of NASA Len Fisk returned to the idea of a joint NASA and ESA mission. He wrote to his counterpart at the ESA, Roger Bonnet, strongly suggesting that the ESA choose the Cassini mission from the three candidates at hand and promising that NASA would commit to the mission as soon as ESA did.
At the time, NASA was becoming more sensitive to the strain that had developed between the American and European space programs as a result of European perceptions that NASA had not treated it like an equal during previous collaborations. NASA officials and advisers involved in promoting and planning Cassini–Huygens attempted to correct this trend by stressing their desire to evenly share any scientific and technology benefits resulting from the mission. In part, this newfound spirit of cooperation with Europe was driven by a sense of competition with the Soviet Union, which had begun to cooperate more closely with Europe as the ESA drew further away from NASA.
The collaboration not only improved relations between the two space programs but also helped Cassini–Huygens survive congressional budget cuts in the United States. Cassini–Huygens came under fire politically in both 1992 and 1994, but NASA successfully persuaded the U.S. Congress that it would be unwise to halt the project after the ESA had already poured funds into development because frustration on broken space exploration promises might spill over into other areas of foreign relations. The project proceeded politically smoothly after 1994, although, as noted below, citizens' groups concerned about its potential environmental impact attempted to derail it through protests and lawsuits until and past its 1997 launch.
The spacecraft was originally planned to be the second three-axis stabilized, RTG-powered Mariner Mark II, a class of spacecraft developed for missions beyond the orbit of Mars. Cassini was being developed together with the Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby (CRAF) spacecraft, but various budget cuts and rescopings of the project forced NASA to terminate CRAF development in order to save Cassini. As a result, the Cassini spacecraft became a more specialized design, canceling the implementation of the Mariner Mark II series.
The spacecraft, including the orbiter and the probe, is the largest and most complex interplanetary spacecraft built to date. The orbiter has a mass of 2,150 kg (4,739 lbs), the probe 350 kg (770 lbs). With the launch vehicle adapter and 3,132 kg (6,900 lbs) of propellants at launch, the spacecraft had a mass of about 5,600 kg (12,345 lbs). Only the two Phobos spacecraft sent to Mars by the Soviet Union were heavier. The Cassini spacecraft is more than 6.8 meters (22 ft) high and more than 4 meters (13 ft) wide. The complexity of the spacecraft is necessitated both by its trajectory (flight path) to Saturn, and by the ambitious program of scientific observations once the spacecraft reaches its destination. It functions with 1,630 interconnected electronic components, 22,000 wire connections, and over 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) of cabling.
Now that Cassini is orbiting Saturn, it is between 8.2 and 10.2 astronomical units from Earth. Because of this, it takes between 68 to 84 minutes for signals to travel from Earth to the spacecraft, and vice versa. Thus, ground controllers cannot give "real-time" instructions to the spacecraft, either for day-to-day operations or in cases of unexpected events. Even if they respond immediately after becoming aware of a problem, nearly three hours will have passed before the satellite receives a response.
Cassini's instrumentation consists of: a synthetic aperture RADAR mapper, a charge-coupled device imaging system, a visible/infrared mapping spectrometer, a composite infrared spectrometer, a cosmic dust analyzer, a radio and plasma wave experiment, a plasma spectrometer, an ultraviolet imaging spectrograph, a magnetospheric imaging instrument, a magnetometer and an ion/neutral mass spectrometer. Telemetry from the communications antenna and other special transmitters (an S-band transmitter and a dual-frequency Ka-band system) will also be used to make observations of the atmospheres of Titan and Saturn and to measure the gravity fields of the planet and its satellites.
Plutonium power source and controversy
Because of Saturn's distance from the Sun, solar arrays were not feasible power sources for the spacecraft. To generate enough power, such arrays would have been too large and heavy. Instead, the Cassini orbiter is powered by three radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs), which use heat from the natural decay of plutonium (in the form of plutonium dioxide) to generate direct current electricity. The RTGs have the same design as those on the Galileo and Ulysses spacecraft and are designed to have a long operational lifetime. At the end of the 11-year Cassini mission, they will still be able to produce at least 628 watts of power. One of Cassini's spare RTGs was used to power the New Horizons mission to Pluto and the Kuiper Belt.
The use of 32.8 kg (72 lbs) of plutonium—the most launched into space until then—attracted significant protest from environmental groups, physicists, and some former NASA staff. NASA made several statements intended to mean that the mission was acceptably safe: the chances of radioactive release during the first 3½ minutes after launch were 1 in 1,400; the chances of a release later in the rocket's climb into orbit were 1 in 476; the chances of the craft falling to Earth later were less than 1 in a million; a worst-case scenario would mean 120 humans could die from Cassini-caused cancer over 50 years. These figures were derided as wild guesses by commentators, including the theoretical physicist Professor Michio Kaku who suggested that 200,000 humans would die if the plutonium canisters survived reentry and crashed in a heavily populated area. His estimates were based on atmospheric dispersal of the plutonium over a metropolis however, and Cassini's launch trajectory did not bring it within suitable vicinity of any large metropolis. The design of the RTGs is such that they would be very unlikely to fracture even in the case of a catastrophic mission abort.
To gain momentum, Cassini's trajectory included several gravitational slingshot maneuvers: two passes of Venus, one of Earth, then one of Jupiter. The Earth fly-by was the final point when Cassini posed any danger to humans, and occurred successfully on August 18, 1999. Had it suffered a malfunction that caused it to impact, NASA's final environmental impact study estimated that in the worst case a significant fraction of the plutonium inside the RTGs would have dispersed into Earth's atmosphere, but the chances of that were nearly ten million to one. This worst case involved an acute angle of entry in which Cassini would gradually burn up and be vaporized in the upper atmosphere, a highly unlikely scenario. A small number of enviromentalists continued to protest after the maneuver.
The primary mission for Cassini ended on July 30, 2008, with a two-year mission extension already approved, and a second one possible. NASA is targeting decommissioning Cassini in 2012. Unlike the Galileo spacecraft, which was plunged into Jupiter to disintegrate in a fiery atmospheric entry, a similar approach for Cassini may impact a large object within the rings and make it uncontrollable. Instead, NASA is considering a high-altitude parking orbit and an impact on a smaller moon where RTG contamination will not be a problem.
The Huygens probe, supplied by the European Space Agency (ESA) and named after the 17th century Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens, scrutinized the clouds, atmosphere, and surface of Saturn's moon Titan in its descent on January 15, 2005. It was designed to enter and brake in Titan's atmosphere and parachute a fully instrumented robotic laboratory down to the surface.
The probe system consisted of the probe itself which descended to Titan, and the probe support equipment (PSE) which remained attached to the orbiting spacecraft. The PSE includes electronics that track the probe, recover the data gathered during its descent, and process and deliver the data to the orbiter that transmits it to Earth. The data was transmitted by a radio link between Huygens and Cassini provided by Probe Data Relay Subsystem (PDRS). As the probe's mission could not be telecommanded from Earth because of the great distance, it was automatically managed by the Command Data Management Subsystem (CDMS). The PDRS and CDMS were provided by the Italian Space Agency (ASI).
Important events and discoveries
Venus and cruise to Jupiter
On August 18, 1999 at 03:28 UTC Cassini did a gravity-assist flyby of Earth. An hour and 20 minutes before closest approach, Cassini made the closest approach to the Moon at 377,000 km, and took a series of calibration images.
Cassini made its closest approach to Jupiter on December 30, 2000, and made many scientific measurements. About 26,000 images of Jupiter were taken during the months-long flyby. It produced the most detailed global color portrait of Jupiter yet (see image at right), in which the smallest visible features are approximately 60 km (40 miles) across.
The New Horizons mission to Pluto captured more recent images of Jupiter, with a closest approach on February 28, 2007.
A major finding of the flyby, announced on March 6, 2003, was of Jupiter's atmospheric circulation. Dark "belts" alternate with light "zones" in the atmosphere, and scientists had long considered the zones, with their pale clouds, to be areas of upwelling air, partly because many clouds on Earth form where air is rising. But analysis of Cassini imagery showed that individual storm cells of upwelling bright-white clouds, too small to see from Earth, pop up almost without exception in the dark belts. According to Anthony Del Genio of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, "the belts must be the areas of net-rising atmospheric motion on Jupiter, [so] the net motion in the zones has to be sinking."
Other atmospheric observations included a swirling dark oval of high atmospheric-haze, about the size of the Great Red Spot, near Jupiter's north pole. Infrared imagery revealed aspects of circulation near the poles, with bands of globe-encircling winds, with adjacent bands moving in opposite directions.
The same announcement also discussed the nature of Jupiter's rings. Light scattering by particles in the rings showed the particles were irregularly shaped (rather than spherical) and likely originate as ejecta from micrometeorite impacts on Jupiter's moons, probably Metis and Adrastea.
Test of Einstein's theory of general relativity
On October 10, 2003, the Cassini science team announced the results of a test of Einstein's theory of general relativity, using radio signals from the Cassini probe. The researchers observed a frequency shift in the radio waves to and from the spacecraft, as those signals traveled close to the Sun. According to the theory of general relativity, a massive object like the Sun causes space-time to curve, and a beam of radio waves (or light) that passes by the Sun has to travel farther because of the curvature. The extra distance that the radio waves travel from Cassini past the Sun to Earth delays their arrival; the amount of the delay provides a sensitive test of the predictions of Einstein's theory. Although deviations from general relativity are expected in some cosmological models, none were found in this experiment. Previous tests by the Voyager probe were in agreement with the theoretical predictions with an accuracy of one part in one thousand. The Cassini experiment improved this to about 20 parts in a million, with the data still supporting Einstein's theory.
New moons of Saturn
Using images taken by Cassini, three new moons of Saturn were discovered in 2004. They are very small and were given the provisional names S/2004 S 1, S/2004 S 2 and S/2004 S 5 before being named Methone, Pallene and Polydeuces at the beginning of 2005.
On May 1, 2005, a new moon was discovered by Cassini in the Keeler gap. It was given the designation S/2005 S 1 before being named Daphnis. The only other known moon inside Saturn's ring system is Pan.
A press release on February 3, 2009 shows yet another new moon found by the Cassini Spacecraft. The moon is approximately 1/3 of a mile long in the G-ring of the ring system of Saturn.
On June 11, 2004, Cassini flew by the moon Phoebe. This was the first opportunity for close-up studies of this moon since the Voyager 2 flyby. It also was Cassini's only possible flyby for Phoebe due to the mechanics of the available orbits around Saturn.
First close up images were received on June 12, 2004, and mission scientists immediately realized that the surface of Phoebe looks different from asteroids visited by spacecraft. Parts of the heavily cratered surfaces look very bright in those pictures, and it is currently believed that a large amount of water ice exists under its immediate surface.
In an announcement on June 28, 2004 Cassini scientists described the measurement of the rotational period of Saturn. Since there are no fixed features on the surface that can be used to obtain this period, the repetition of radio emissions was used. These new data agree with the latest values measured from Earth, and constitute a puzzle to the scientists. It turns out that the radio rotational period has changed since it was first measured in 1980 by Voyager, and that it is now 6 minutes longer. This doesn't indicate a change in the overall spin of the planet, but is thought to be due to movement of the source of the radio emissions to a different latitude, at which the rotation rate is different.
On July 1, 2004, the spacecraft flew through the gap between the F and G rings and achieved orbit, after a seven year voyage.It is the first spacecraft to ever orbit Saturn.
The Saturn Orbital Insertion (SOI) maneuver performed by Cassini was complex, requiring the craft to orient its High-Gain Antenna away from Earth and along its flight path, to shield its instruments from particles in Saturn's rings. Once the craft crossed the ring plane, it had to rotate again to point its engine along its flight path, and then the engine fired to decelerate the craft and allow Saturn to capture it. Cassini was captured by Saturn's gravity at around 8:54 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time on June 30, 2004. During the maneuver Cassini passed within 20,000 km (13,000 miles) of Saturn's cloud tops.
Cassini had its first distant flyby of Saturn's largest moon, Titan, on July 2, 2004, only a day after orbit insertion, when it approached to within 339,000 kilometers (211,000 miles) of Titan and provided the best look at the moon's surface to date. Images taken through special filters (able to see through the moon's global haze) showed south polar clouds thought to be composed of methane and surface features with widely differing brightness. On October 27, 2004 the spacecraft executed the first of the 45 planned close flybys of Titan when it flew a mere 1,200 kilometers above the moon. Almost four gigabits of data were collected and transmitted to Earth, including the first radar images of the moon's haze-enshrouded surface. It revealed the surface of Titan (at least the area covered by radar) to be relatively level, with topography reaching no more than about 50 meters in altitude. The flyby provided a remarkable increase in imaging resolution over previous coverage. Images with up to 100 times higher resolution were taken and are typical of resolutions planned for subsequent Titan flybys.
Huygens encounter with Titan
Cassini released the Huygens probe on December 25, 2004, by means of a spring. It entered the atmosphere of Titan on January 14, 2005, and after a two-and-a-half-hour descent landed on solid ground with no liquids in view. Although Cassini successfully relayed 350 of the pictures that it received from Huygens of its descent and landing site, a software error failed to turn on one of the Cassini receivers and caused the loss of the other 350 pictures.
During the first two close flybys of the moon Enceladus in 2005, Cassini discovered a "deflection" in the local magnetic field that is characteristic for the existence of a thin but significant atmosphere. Other measurements obtained at that time point to ionized water vapor as being its main constituent. Cassini also observed water ice geysers erupting from the south pole of Enceladus, which gives more credibility to the idea that Enceladus is supplying the particles of Saturn's E ring. Mission scientists hypothesize that there may be pockets of liquid water near the surface of the moon that fuel the eruptions, making Enceladus one of the few bodies in our solar system to contain liquid water.
On March 12, 2008, Cassini made a close fly-by of Enceladus, getting within 50 km of the moon's surface.. The spacecraft passed through the plumes extending from its southern geysers, detecting water, carbon dioxide and various hydrocarbons with its mass spectrometer, while also mapping surface features that are at much higher temperature than their surroundings with the infrared spectrometer. Cassini was unable to collect data with its cosmic dust analyzer due to an unknown software malfunction.
Radio occultations of Saturn's rings
In May 2005, Cassini began a series of occultation experiments, to measure the size-distribution of particles in Saturn's rings, and measure the atmosphere of Saturn itself. For over 4 months, Cassini completed orbits designed for this purpose. During these experiments, Cassini flew behind the ring plane of Saturn, as seen from Earth, and transmitted radio waves through the particles. The radio signals were received on Earth, where the frequency, phase, and power of the signal was analyzed to help determine the structure of the rings.
Spoke phenomenon verified
In images captured September 5, 2005, Cassini finally detected spokes in Saturn's rings, hitherto seen only by famed visual observer Stephen James O'Meara in 1977 and later confirmed by the Voyager spacecraft in the early 1980s. The exact cause of the spokes is not yet understood; some models predicted spokes would not be visible again until 2007.
Lakes of Titan
Radar images obtained on July 21, 2006 appear to show lakes of liquid hydrocarbon (such as methane and ethane) in Titan's northern latitudes. This is the first discovery of currently-existing lakes anywhere besides Earth. The lakes range in size from about a kilometer to one which is one hundred kilometers across.
In November 2006, scientists discovered a storm at the south pole of Saturn with a distinct eyewall. This is characteristic of a hurricane on Earth and had never been seen on another planet before. Unlike a Terran hurricane, the storm appears to be stationary at the pole. The storm is 8,000 kilometers (5,000 mi) across, 70 kilometres (43 mi) high with winds blowing 560 kilometers per hour (350 mph).
On September 10, 2007, Cassini completed its flyby of the strange, two-toned, walnut-shaped moon, Iapetus. Images were taken from 1,000 miles (1,600 km) above the surface. As it was sending the images back to Earth, it was hit by a cosmic ray which forced it to temporarily enter safe mode. All of the data from the flyby was recovered.
On April 15, 2008, Cassini received funding for a two-year extended mission, currently underway. It consists of 60 more orbits of Saturn, and includes 21 more Titan flybys, seven of Enceladus, six of Mimas, eight of Tethys, and one targeted flyby each of Dione, Rhea, and Helene. The extended mission began on July 1, 2008, and has since been renamed the Cassini Equinox Mission.
The image above displays the initial gravity-assist trajectory of Cassini–Huygens. This is the process whereby an insignificant mass approaches a significant mass 'from behind' and 'steals' some of its orbital energy. The significant mass, usually a planet, loses a very small proportion of its orbital energy to the insignificant mass, in this case, the probe. However, due to the spacecraft's small mass, this energy transfer gives it a relatively large energy increase in proportion to its orbital energy, speeding its travel through space.
Cassini–Huygens performed two gravity assists at Venus, one at Earth and one at Jupiter.
The above simplified diagram shows, in two dimensions, the orbital motion of Cassini–Huygens on and after arrival at Saturn.Cassini's speed relative to the Sun. The various gravitational slingshots form visible peaks on the left, while the periodic variation on the right is caused by the spacecraft's orbit around Saturn. The data came from the JPL Horizons Ephemeris System in 2005. The speed above is instantaneous velocity in kilometers per second. The date/time is UTC in Spacecraft Event Time, which is from 1997-Oct-16 00:00:01 to 2008-Jul-06 23:59:59 UTC, two leap seconds during this period. Note also that the minimum velocity achieved during Saturnian orbit is more or less equal to Saturn's own orbital velocity, which is the ~5 km/s velocity which Cassini matched to enter orbit.
Published in July 2009.
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https://dailycaller.com/2017/06/17/exclusive-meet-the-worlds-first-suicide-satellite/ | 2021-08-01T13:47:42 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046154214.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20210801123745-20210801153745-00476.warc.gz | 0.944927 | 964 | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__207672900 | en | The world’s first “suicide” satellite, whose destruction will help prevent the spread of more damaging belts of space debris, will launch later this month.
The Italian company D-Orbit will launch a mission June 23 to test out a self-decommissioning satellite called D-Sat, a first for the satellite industry. After the satellite’s mission is complete, it will use a rocket system to lower itself back into Earth’s atmosphere so it can self-destruct. D-Orbit hopes that a similar system could help prevent future satellites from becoming new space debris.
“This mission is a milestone in how we deal with the problem of space debris,” Dr. Luca Rossettini, co-founder of D-Orbit, told The Daily Caller News Foundation. “We believe that everything that goes up should come down as soon as it served its purpose. Our dream is to have a D3 installed in every new satellite by 2025.”
Orbiting debris poses a serious risk to spacecraft, so several governments are searching for methods to make space safe again. Even the U.S. Department of Defense worries that debris could make it difficult to operate essential military satellites.
Due to the enormous velocities of anything moving in space, a collision between a spacecraft and debris can destroy both objects and create even more debris. Scientists worry that this could create a feedback loop of collisions between garbage and spacecraft, starting a cascading effect called the Kessler Syndrome. Under this scenarios, enough debris could be created to prevent virtually any spacecraft from operating. D-Orbit’s system could make this a much less dangerous problem by preventing any new space junk from entering orbit.
“This is an important mission for society as a whole: it is the demonstration that today it is possible to do business in space and improve satellites’ performance without endangering the business, and society, of the future,” Rossettini said. “I believe it’s fundamental that all of us realize how intertwined space and life on Earth are, and how this symbiosis can help us develop our society in a more sustainable way. I like to think that D-Sat will also help us spread this message.”
More than 50 years of human space exploration since the Soviet Union launched its Sputnik satellite in 1957 have produced an extremely hazardous belt of orbiting debris. Scientists estimate that there are currently more than 100 million pieces of debris in orbit, and satellites and the International Space Station (ISS) log over 100 minor collisions with space debris every year.
D-Orbit’s satellite will lift three scientific experiments from universities into orbit before testing its self-destruct feature.
“Other than validating our technology, D-Sat will perform three in-orbit experiments, one of which in particular will collect data to help improve communications in emergency scenarios with areas affected by natural disasters,” Dr. Alessio Fanfani, a project manager involved with the mission, told TheDCNF. “This aspect of the mission will be partially funded by a crowdfunding campaign which is currently on Kickstarter.”
The satellite will control its re-entry so that it breaks up over the Atlantic Ocean to minimize risks to humans.
“When we started working on the project we were five people and an empty room; everything was a challenge,” Lorenzo Ferrario, Chief Technical Officer of D-Orbit, told TheDCNF. “It’s not just about the spacecraft and the project, but also the capabilities, the team, and everything else that surrounds this project. This mission has affected all of us deeply, and for the better. And to think this is just the beginning.”
An experimental Japanese mission attempted to actively remove space junk from Earth’s orbit in February, but it utterly failed. Scientists at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) worked with NASA to develop a tether-like device to catch and drag space junk out of orbit around Earth.
The Japanese tether was supposed to generate electricity by swinging through the Earth’s magnetic field, which it would use to slow down space junk until it was pulled it into a lower orbit where it would ultimately burn up. Japanese efforts intended to neutralize space debris from cast-off equipment from old satellites and pieces of rocket, but problems arose quickly and they were unable to deploy the tether.
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