Also, not sure that it's been mentioned here, but all women also have a situational exemption.<br/><br/>Basically, if she's willing to testify in court that if she didn't refuse people would have "experienced an unacceptable risk to their lives and well-beings" they can say no. For example, a nurse in the middle of treating a patient in critical condition can refuse, but that same nurse on her cigarette break is fair game.