Casting a ritual spell requires a successful knowledge check to plan the ritual, followed by a number of successful spellcraft checks to successfully perform the ritual.<br/><br/>The total number of successful rolls needed to complete the ritual is equal to the spell level of the ritual plus 1.  Each roll in a ritual is seperated by 10 minutes.  If the ritual spellcaster fails more spellcasting rolls than he succeeds, the ritual fails without result.  If two checks in a ritual fail in a row, the ritual fails catastrophically, resulting in bad effects proportionate in power to the spell being cast.  A character can take 10 during a ritual, except when casting spells of 7th level and higher.<br/><br/><br/>The knowledge check to begin a ritual is determined by the type of spell being cast.<br/><br/>Knowledge(Arcana): Sorcerer/Wizard spells of the Abjuration, Evocation, Illusion, Transmutation, and Universal schools<br/><br/>Knowledge(Architecture and Enineering): Artificer Invocations<br/><br/>Knowledge(History): Bard Spells<br/><br/>Knowledge(Local): Assassain Spells<br/><br/>Knowledge(Nature): Druid Spells<br/><br/>Knowledge(Nobility and Royalty): Paladin and Blackguard spells<br/><br/>Knowledge(The Planes): Sorcerer/Wizard spells of the Conjuration and Divination Schools<br/><br/>Knowledge(Psionics): Psionic Powers<br/><br/>Knowledge(Religion): Cleric Spells and Sorcerer/Wizard spells of the Necromacy school<br/><br/>The base DC of casting a ritual spell is 20 for a 0th level spell, +5 for each additional spell level.  Spellcasting DCs can be affected by the following means; of special note, backlash is a mystical cost of the spell that occurs regardless of its success or failure:<br/><br/>Ritual Spellcasting DC Modifiers:<br/><br/><br/>Casting Time:<br/><br/>1 round between checks: +8<br/>1 minute between checks: +4<br/>1 hour between checks: -1<br/>Casting time is restricted (only during full moon, for example): -4<br/>Casting time is severely restricted (only during lunar eclipse, for example): -8<br/><br/>Range:<br/><br/>Touch to close/close to touch: +2/-2<br/>Close to medium/medium to close: +2/-2<br/>Medium to long/long to medium: +2/-2<br/>long to 1 mile/1 mile to long: +5/-2<br/>1 mile to indefinate: +5<br/><br/>Area:<br/><br/>Doubling area/halving area (min 5 foot square): +3/-3<br/><br/>Target:<br/><br/>Unwilling target must be helpless (harmful spells only): -2<br/>Limited targets (by HD, creature type, and so on; applies only once, cannot be used on spells that target self only): -3<br/>Single target to multiple targets: +4<br/><br/>Duration:<br/><br/>Rounds to minutes/minutes to rounds: +2/-2<br/>Minutes to hours/hours to minutes: +4/-2<br/>Hours to days/days to hours: +6/-2<br/>Days to permanent or instantaneous/permanent or instantaneous to days: +10/-4<br/><br/>Focus and Material Components:<br/><br/>Expensive material component (500 gp): -1<br/>Expensive material component (5,000 gp): -2<br/>Expensive material component (25,000 gp): -4<br/>Expensive focus (5,000 gp): -1<br/>Expensive focus (25,000 gp) -2<br/><br/>XP Component:<br/><br/>Per 100 XP (max 1,000 XP): -1<br/><br/>Extra Casters:<br/><br/>10 or fewer secondary casters: -2<br/>11-100 secondary casters: -6<br/>101 or more secondary casters: -10<br/><br/>Backlash:<br/><br/>Per 2d6 points of damage: -1<br/>Caster is exhausted: -2<br/>Per negative level caster gains: -2<br/>Caster reduced to -1 hp: -4<br/>Caster infected with disease: -3<br/>Backlash affects secondary casters too (requires secondary casters): -1<br/><br/>Racial:  (not optional)<br/><br/>Caster is a Half Orc: +2<br/>Caster is a Shifter: +4<br/>Caster is a goblinoid: +5<br/>Caster is Undead: +5<br/>Caster has any warforged body feat other than psiforged: +5<br/>Caster is a Monstrous Humanoid: +10<br/>Caster is an Outsider: +10<br/>Caster is a Lycanthrope: +10<br/>Caster is a humanoid: +0<br/>Caster is a Kalashtar: -1<br/>Caster is a Living Construct: -1<br/>Caster is an Elf: -2<br/>Caster is a Gnome: -2<br/>Caster is a Half Elf: -4<br/>Caster is a Dragon: -5<br/><br/>Other:<br/><br/>+1 Caster level: +2<br/>-1 Caster level: -1 (spell must have variable effects)<br/>+1 saving throw DC: +3<br/>-1 saving throw DC: -2 (spell must require a saving throw)<br/>+1 power point used on spell (psionic powers only): +1<br/>Inability to take 10 on casting checks: -3<br/>A single failure results in the ritual failing (requires inability to take 10): -5<br/>Ritual requires 1 less successful skill check (minimum 2): +2<br/>Backlash doubled upon failure (requires backlash): -2<br/>Ritual effects will be increased upon failure: -3<br/>Casting Ritual requires casting equivelent spell: -10