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मीन राशि का स्वामी ग्रह गुरु होता है। भगवान विष्णु (सत्यनारायण भगवन) को मीन राशि का आराध्य देव माना जाता है। इन डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियों में इम्यून सिस्टम कमज़ोर और पेट सम्बन्धी समस्याएं पायी जाती हैं। इन डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियों को शराब से दूर रहना चाहिए। डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियाँ गठिया, नाक सम्बन्धी समस्या और ट्यूमर से ग्रस्त हो सकते हैं। डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियाँ दूसरे डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियों की ख़ुशी में खुश और दुःख में दुखी होने वाले होते हैं। डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियाँ परोपकारी होते हैं।
डीगीशा नाम का मतलब भगवान की दिशा होता है। अपने बच्चे को डीगीशा नाम देने से पहले उसका अर्थ जान लेंगे तो इस से आपके शिशु का जीवन संवर सकता है। भगवान की दिशा होना बहुत अच्छा माना जाता है और इसकी झलक डीगीशा नाम के लोगों में भी दिखती है। डीगीशा नाम रखने से पहले इसका अर्थ जानना जरूरी होता है। जैसे कि डीगीशा नाम का मतलब भगवान की दिशा होता है और इस अर्थ का प्रभाव डीगीशा नाम के व्यक्ति के स्वभाव में भी दिखने लगता है। जैसा कि हमने बताया कि डीगीशा का अर्थ भगवान की दिशा होता है और इस अर्थ का प्रभाव आप डीगीशा नाम के व्यक्ति के व्यव्हार में भी देख सकते हैं। यह माना जाता है कि यदि आपका नाम डीगीशा है और इसका अर्थ भगवान की दिशा है, तो इसका गहरा प्रभाव व्यक्ति के स्वभाव पर भी पड़ता है। आगे पढ़ें डीगीशा नाम की राशि, इसका लकी नंबर क्या है, डीगीशा नाम के भगवान की दिशा मतलब के बारे में विस्तार से जानें।
डीगीशा नाम का स्वामी बृहस्पति होता है एवं आपका शुभ अंक ३ है। इस अंक से जुड़ी डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियां आसानी से दूसरों के लिए आकर्षण का केंद्र बन जाती हैं इसलिए इन्हें लोकप्रियता भी खूब मिलती है। डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियां जिम्मेदारियों से पीछे नहीं हटती हैं। ८ अंक वाली डीगीशा नाम की महिलाओं की खास बात यह होती है कि ये कुछ नियमों और सिद्धांतों के साथ अनुशासनात्मक जीवन व्यतीत करती हैं। डीगीशा नाम की महिलाएं स्वभाव से काफी हठी और जिद्दी होती हैं इसलिए इनके दोस्त से ज्यादा दुश्मन होते हैं। डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियों की सेहत अच्छी रहती है लेकिन इन्हें डायबिटीज का खतरा रहता है।
यदि आपका नाम डीगीशा है, तो आपकी राशि मीन है। डीगीशा नाम वाली लड़कियां ज्यादातर अध्यात्मवाद को मानते हैं। जिन महिलाओं का नाम डीगीशा है, उनके लिए मन की शांति ज्यादा मायने रखती है। शांत रहना पसंद करती है डीगीशा नाम की युवतियां जिसके लिए ये हर संभव प्रयास करती हैं। डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियां लड़ाई-झगड़ों से दूर रहती हैं। दूसरे लोगों को इनके विचारों का सम्मान करना चाहिए, ऐसा डीगीशा नाम की लड़कियां सोचती हैं। |
People in the 18th century only had a good wash twice a year. Around 100 years ago, showering became an everyday habit.
But some doctors say frequent showers are not so good because the natural flora and skin oils can be harmed. So people in some countries don’t shower every day.
In Japan, the United Kingdom and China people take around 5 showers a week;
In France, Spain and Italy, showering 3 or 4 times a week is ok.
In Israel, four or five showers a week is the average. When there’s no rain, TV commercials tell people to reduce the quantity of showers.
In Brazil and Colombia, 12 showers a week are the average – more than in any other contries.
Wanna know more? Access the originals https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/02/how-often-people-in-various-countries-shower/385470/to expand your shower culture.
• 1: https://www.planetfem.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/shower.jpg
• 2: https://fthmb.tqn.com/IkPB7JNZhwLZNLX7bTDHDA8TQkY=/1280x860/filters:no_upscale():fill(FFCC00,1)/155144364-56a0a77b3df78cafdaa3a5e7.jpg
• 3: https://ak3.picdn.net/shutterstock/videos/30683593/thumb/1.jpg
IMAGE COURTESY: IMAGENS INTERNAS AO POST:
• 1: https://c-lj.gnst.jp/public/article/detail/a/00/00/a0000390/img/en/a0000390_parts_597ec2019f10f.jpg?20170803160559
• 2: http://img.mako.co.il/2016/06/21/shutterstock_245687524_x5.jpg
• 3: https://truimg.toysrus.com/product/images/rinse-ace-tub-&-shower-baby-&-toddler-rinser--FDA1F12D.zoom.jpg?fit=inside|485:485
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Comets play a role in the history of civilisation, but their true nature has been unravelled only at a very late stage
The sight of a bright comet has fascinated humankind through the ages. But what’s behind such celestial spectacles? It’s only in modern times that researchers have got wise to the phenomenon - by then, the comets already had a long career as harbingers of bad tidings or heavenly messengers.
Text: Helmut Hornung
The first observations of comets originate from the third millennium before Christ. In ancient cultures, their sudden appearance was considered to a sign from the gods. And because they disturbed the harmony of the starry sky, they were soon deemed to be a bad omen. In ancient Greece the natural philosophers attempted to find an explanation for the phenomenon. Aristotle (384 to 322 B.C.), whose views were to dominate the astronomical and physical worldview in the West for more than one-and-a-half millennia, believed they were emanations of the Earth’s atmosphere.
In the Middle Ages, the fear of this “heavy hand of God” reached its pinnacle; comets were thought to portend terrible natural phenomena, such as floods or earthquakes. In the 16th and early 17 centuries, they became a favourite subject for broadsheets, the forerunners of newspapers. A poem from the 15th century provides an impressive description of the nature of comets: “They bring fever, illness, pestilence and death, difficult times, shortages and times of great famine.”
The tailed stars also found their way into art and were depicted, for example, in the famous Bayeux Tapestry, which shows the conquest of England by William of Normandy in 1066. Or in a fresco by the Italian Renaissance painter Giotto di Bondone in the Cappella degli Scrovegni in Padua (1304). Both portrayals were inspired by the appearance of the famous Halley’s Comet, and Giotto’s fresco “Adoration of the Magi” gave rise to the still widespread belief that the Star of Bethlehem was actually a comet.
“Comet fever” is still rife today: when Halley’s Comet appeared in the sky in 1910 as expected, many feared that civilization would be poisoned by prussic acid, which had recently been discovered to be a component of the tail. Clever wheeler-dealers sold comet pills to ward off this eventuality. And when the Hale-Bopp comet gave an impressive performance in the terrestrial sky in 1997, 39 members of the Heaven’s Gate sect committed suicide because they believed it would enable them to leave Earth and travel to an alien space ship, which was supposedly accompanying Hale-Bopp.
Astronomical research on comets was slow in starting. Nevertheless, Peter Apian from Ingolstadt (really Peter Bienewitz, 1495 to 1552) was the first astronomer of modern times to observe that the tails of comets always point away from the Sun. Apian describes this in his book Astronomicum Caesareum, which was published in 1540 and dedicated to Emperor Charles V.
A few decades later, the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe (1546 to 1601) recognised that comets were independent celestial bodies: he measured the parallax of the bright comet of 1577 and thereby determined its distance to be around 230 Earth radii, corresponding to 1.5 million kilometres. This conclusively refuted the teachings of Aristotle that comets were phenomena within the terrestrial atmosphere. Comets even turned out to be translunar objects, meaning they stayed beyond the Moon.
But on which trajectory did comets travel through space? This also kept researchers puzzled for a long while. Tycho Brahe was the first to believe that comets returned periodically. The famous astronomer Johannes Kepler (1571 to 1630), on the other hand, thought the trajectories were straight lines - and thus contradicted his own laws which assigned elliptical orbits to the planets!
Johannes Hevelius (1611 to 1687), a Danzig alderman and astronomer, believed – correctly, as we now know - in elongated parabolas and hyperbolas. The dispute about the correct form of the trajectory adorns the title page of Hevelius’ Cometographia. The book was published in 1665 and also addressed the appearance and form of the comets, and attempted to classify their tails.
In 1680, the 24-year-old Edmond Halley (1656 to 1742) observed a large comet. The friend of Isaac Newton who later became Astronomer Royal tried desperately to have the comet run on a straight trajectory, as Kepler had demanded six decades before. In vain! During a meeting with Newton, Halley explained that the comet of 1680 probably had a “sharply curved” trajectory.
With this finding, Edmond Halley made new calculations and came to the result that the comet apparently travels on an elongated ellipse and should return in 1758. Halley died in 1742 and so did not live to see his triumph of celestial mechanics: because on the evening of 25 December 1758, the Saxon farmer and amateur astronomer Johann Georg Palitzsch (1723 to 1788) discovered a weak spot of light in the Pisces constellation ..... The comet, known as Halley’s Comet, returns into the inner solar system and thus near to Earth every 76 years, the last time being in 1985/86.
This clarified the form of the comet’s trajectory. But where do they come from? And what causes these occasionally magnificent phenomena? In 1950, the Dutch astronomer Jan Hendrik Oort (1900 to 1992) suspected that the long-period comets originate from a reservoir that envelops our planetary system like a shell at a distance of up to 1.6 light years. In addition to this Oort Cloud, which has not yet been confirmed by observation - the Estonian astronomer Ernst Öpik had already guessed at a similar object back in 1932 - there obviously exists yet another home for medium-period comets - the Kuiper belt.
Out there, at the edge of the solar system, possibly 100 billion frozen lumps of ice and rock with diameters ranging from a few metres to around 100 kilometres are drifting around. These are the nuclei of the comets. The European Giotto space probe was the first to take a close-up photo of such a nucleus as it flew past Halley’s Comet at a distance of just under 600 kilometres.
The photos showed a cosmic peanut measuring approximately 15 by 6 kilometres which was extremely dark and covered by a dust layer with low albedo. Plumes of evaporating ice were evident only at a few distinct places. The material, mixed with dust, had a high proportion of organic compounds - including amino acids, which are an essential component of life on Earth. In addition, Halley lost around 60 tonnes of water vapour per second.
Later missions to other comets - to Wild 2, for example - confirmed this impression: the pictures always show crater-covered “space potatoes” from whose surface material is ejected into space. This material originates from the time when the planetary system was born 4.5 billion years ago and is practically unchanged thanks to the freezing. Comets are therefore welcome messengers from the past.
Let’s accompany one of these dirty snowballs that was catapulted out of the Oort Cloud on its journey towards the Sun. As the distance decreases, the temperature increases. The comet gases vaporise and form an extended, thin atmosphere: the coma. This reaches a diameter of several 100,000 kilometres. The comet is now nearly at the level of Saturn’s orbit and can be discovered from Earth.
Finally, a tail forms - the characteristic attribute of a comet. The cause is the solar wind - a flow of electrically charged particles - which the Sun permanently blows into space with a speed of 400 kilometres per second on average. The tail flutters in space like a windsock and thus always points away from the Sun. Comets can have tail lengths of several 100 million kilometres.
Photos of bright comets, such as Hale-Bopp for instance, show that there are basically two different types of tail: the straight gas or plasma tail with a blue glow, and the frequently fanned-out dust tail with a yellow shimmer; the latter is caused mainly by the light pressure of the solar radiation. Occasionally, some comets have an anti-tail as well, which is illuminated space rubble that the comet deposits along its trajectory and that appears for a short time as a bright line under favourable light and projection conditions.
The space rubble consists of very fine particles, and larger rocks as well, which the solar wind continuously blows out of the comet. As already mentioned, the released comet material spreads out like a “dirt track” in space, as it were. If the Earth passes through such a field of scree, the particles penetrate into the atmosphere and race across the sky as a shooting star.
These could include larger pieces, which do not simply burst during their fiery ride through the terrestrial atmosphere, but fall to Earth as meteorites. And this is where the comets come into play as genuine “harbingers of bad tidings”: our planet is, namely, bombarded continuously by cosmic bullets. Crater basins such as the Nördlinger Ries bear witness to the striking of such bombs. The impact of a kilometre-sized hunk from space - a comet nucleus or asteroid - would have catastrophic consequences. The comet 67/P Churyumov-Gerasimenko represents no danger, however. It will fly past Earth at a distance of many millions of kilometres. |
नई दिल्ली. केंद्रीय माध्यमिक शिक्षा बोर्ड (सीबीएसई) ने देशभर के स्कूलों को चेतावनी देते हुए कहा है कि बच्चों को निजी प्रकाशकों की महंगी किताबें खरीदने के लिए मजबूर नहीं करें।
सीबीएसई ने अधिसूचना जारी करते हुए कहा कि जो स्कूल परिसर में विद्यार्थियों को किताबें, यूनिफॉर्म, शूज और स्टेशनरी बेचते हुए पाए जाएंगे उनके खिलाफ सख्त कार्रवाई की जाएगी। इसके साथ ही स्कूल की मान्यता भी रद्द की जा सकती है। दिल्ली पुलिस ने हाल ही में कक्षा १२ की फिजिकल एजुकेशन की किताब में महिलाओं के गलत चित्रण पर एक निजी प्रकाशक के खिलाफ एफआईआर दर्ज की है।
बोर्ड ने यह सलाह अभिभावकों और अन्य पक्षों से मिली शिकायत पर जारी की है। इन शिकायतों में कहा गया है कि स्कूलों परिसर चुङ्क्षनदा विक्रेताओं के जरिए किताबें और बच्चों की ड्रेस की बिक्री कर कारोबारी गतिविधियों में लिप्त है।
बोर्ड ने स्कूलों को उस निर्देश का भी संज्ञान दिलाया है जिसमें केवल एनसीईआरटी की प्रकाशित पुस्तकों को ही पाठ्यक्रम में शामिल किया जाए। बोर्ड को यह शिकायत मिल रही थी कुछ स्कूल विद्यार्थियों पर एनसीईआरटी टेक्स्ट बुक्स के अलावा अन्य किताबों को खरीदने का दबाव डाल रहे हैं।
बोर्ड ने कहा कि शर्तों के अनुसार स्कूल सामुदायिक सेवा है और यह कारोबार नहीं है। इसलिए किसी भी रूप में स्कूल में कारोबारी गतिविधियां नहीं होनी चाहिए।
सीबीएसई ने मानदंडों का उल्लंघन करने वाले ऐसे स्कूलों को नोटिस भेजना शुरू कर दिया है। वहीं बोर्ड ने यूपी के कुछ स्कूलों में मानदंडों का उल्लंघन पाए जाने के बाद उनकी मान्यता भी रद्द कर दी है। गौरतलब है कि सीबीएसई पूरे देश में १८००० से अधिक स्कूलों को संबद्धता प्रदान करता है। |
Despite recent rainfall, accompanied by damaging wind and hail in some locations, 97 percent of Texas remains in some stage of drought. The Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) reports that rain has improved drought conditions across all categories, but much of the Texas High Plains remains in either Exceptional—the worst category—or Extreme drought. Conditions continue to improve in East Texas, but exceptional drought conditions still hold in West and South Texas and in the Lower Rio Grande Valley.
Recent rains also caused water levels in the Edwards Aquifer to rise some 17 feet, providing some needed relief.
Current conditions include: 97 percent of the state is currently in drought, the same as in the previous week but significantly higher than the 87 percent from three months ago and 91 percent last year.
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Reservoir levels have changed little and the current 66 percent full status is unchanged from last week and is 1 percentage point lower than three months ago. Last year at this time, reservoir levels were at 77 percent full.Normally, reservoirs are at 85 percent during this same period.
Recent reports from Oklahoma indicate much of the state has improved over the past two weeks, but improvement came with a huge toll in human life and destruction from devastating tornadoes. Much of the eastern two-thirds of Oklahoma have experienced significant recharge of soil moisture, according to Oklahoma State University Extension livestock economist Darrell Peel.
Peel said drought continues to hang on in about one-third of the state. The drought line now extends approximately two to three counties in from the western border of the state, including the Oklahoma Panhandle and back into north-central counties along the Kansas border, he said. |
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Ginger is one of the world’s most popular spices. Its usage is wide and varied, ranging from a culinary flavoring for both sweet and savory foods and beverages to a medicinal agent for numerous ailments. Here, Daemmon Reeve of Treatt plc examines the origins, cultivation and usage of this odd, knobby plant* and reviews its role as an essential oil for the flavor and fragrance industry.
Back to Its Roots
Ginger, Zingiber officinale, originates from southeastern Asia, notably southern China and India. In Roman times, dried powdered ginger was exported from India to Europe. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Arab merchants controlled the trade in ginger. And by the 13th and 14th centuries, along with black pepper, it was one of the most important spices for trading. At this time, in England, ginger was a sought after ingredient, with 1 lb in weight costing the equivalent to a sheep!
Today, ginger is grown throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions as it needs a humid climate with a heavy rainy season (minimum annual rainfall of 60 inches) and a hot dry season (temperatures of 90°F or over). China remains a key growing region. Jiangsu was a key province for ginger oil production 20 ago. However, this has now shifted to the Shandong and Anhui provinces where the land and climate are more suitable. This area is currently responsible for 90% of China’s ginger manufacture. |
सिरसा(सतनाम सिंह): सिरसा के बेगू रोड पर स्थित प्रीत नगर में एक घर की छत पर खेल रहे बच्चों को छत के पास से गुजर रही बिजली की तार से करंट लग गया। इस हादसे में दो बच्चों की मौत हो गई। दोनों बच्चे एक ही परिवार की थे। वहीं बच्चों को बचाने के चक्कर में परिवार का ही एक व्यक्ति और बच्ची झुलस गई, जिन्हें उपचार के लिए निजी अस्पताल में दाखिल करवाया गया है, फिलहाल पुलिस मामले की जांच कर रही है।
जानकारी के मुताबिक, प्रीत नगर की गली नं. १३ में रहने वाले राजबीर मकान की छत पर काम कर रहे थे। वहां बच्चे भी खेल रहे थे, अचानक बच्चों को करंट लग गया। बताया जा रहा है कि छत पर पड़ी एक पाइप बिजली की तार से लग गई और बच्चों ने उस पाइप को पकड़ लिया जिस वजह से दो बच्चों की मौत हो गई। वहीं बच्चों को बचाने के लिए गए राजबीर को भी करंट लगा है, जिसका उपचार निजी अस्पताल में चल रहा है।
मूलरूप से पंजाब के मानसा जिले के गांव झंडा कलां का परिवार पिछले कई साल से सिरसा में रह रहा है। रविवार को सुच्चा सिंह की नन्ही बेटी प्रिंस, जो अपनी मां की मौत के बाद चाचा-चाची के पास रहती है, चचेरे भाई सुखदीप सिंह (९) और बहन राजमीत (१०) के साथ घर की छत पर खेल रही थी। उसका चाचा राजबीर भी वहीं छत पर ही था। इसी दौरान सुखदीप ने छत पर पड़ी होर्डिंग की टूटी हुई पाइप उठा ली, जो करीब २ फीट दूर से गुजर रही ११ हजार वोल्ट की तारों को छू गई। इसी बीच हादसे से अनजान प्रिंस ने उसे पकड़ लिया। इन दोनों को बचाने आई सुखदीप की बहन राजमीत और फिर उसके बाद उनके पिता राजबीर भी चपेट में आ गए।
मोहल्ले के लोगों ने बताया कि गली से गुजर रही एक लड़की ने जब एक ही परिवार के चार लोगों को बिजली से चिपके देखा तो उसने लोगों को बताया। इसके बाद देखते ही देखते मोहल्ले के लोगों की अच्छी-खासी भीड़ जमा हो गई। लोगों ने नीचे गली से ईंटें फेंक-फेंककर बिजली की तारों से छू गई पाइप को दूर किया। इसके बाद जब तब छत पर पहुंचे, तब तक प्रिंस, चचेरे भाई सुखदीप सिंह उर्फ नूर की मौत हो चुकी थी। लोगों ने प्रिंस के चाचा राजबीर और उसकी बेटी राजमीत को अस्पताल में भर्ती कराया है, जहां उनकी हालत गंभीर बताई जा रही है।
लोगों ने बताया कि राजबीर और उसके भाई का परिवार पिछले करीब चार साल से सिरसा के प्रीत नगर में गली नंबर १४ में रहता था। वहां पड़ोसियों के साथ झगड़े के बाद ये लोग चार दिन पहले ही यहां गली नंबर १३ में किराये के मकान में शिफ्ट हुआ था। इलाकावासियों के बयान के आधार पर पुलिस ने मामले की जांच-पड़ताल शुरू कर दी है। |
The palm is the method of learning your hand and predicting the future. Also known as palmistry or chirology. The story says that during the Arian civilization distant period had palmistry their own literature. From India, palmistry art is spread to China, Tibet, Egypt, Persia, and other countries in Europe. The Vedic manual is a study of the structure and properties of the human hand. |
The President of Trinidad and Tobago is the head of state of Trinidad and Tobago, and the commander in chief of its armed forces. The office was established when the country became a republic in 1976, before which the head of state was Queen Elizabeth II. The last Governor-General, Sir Ellis Clarke, was sworn in as the first President on August 1 of that year, under a transitional arrangement. He was formally chosen as President by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of Parliament on September 24, 1976, which is now celebrated as Republic Day.
Under the 1976 Constitution, the President is the nominal source of executive power. Like the British Sovereign (and heads of state in other Westminster Systems), he or she "reigns but does not rule". In practice, executive authority is exercised by the Prime Minister and his or her Cabinet, on behalf of the President. The President appoints as Prime Minister the leader of the largest party in the House of Representatives, and also appoints members of the Senate on the recommendation of the Prime Minister and the Leader of the Opposition. The President must be at least 35 years old (although no President has been younger than 59), a citizen of Trinidad and Tobago, and at the time of nomination must have been resident in the country for an unbroken period of ten years.
The current President of Trinidad and Tobago is Professor Emeritus George Maxwell Richards. The official residence of the President is President's House, previously used by the Governors-General of the islands. |
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Pdf
Uncle Tom’s Cabin book or, Life Among the Lowly, is an anti-slavery novel. The name of Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book is #Harriet_Beecher_Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and is said to have “helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War”. You can read the details below or you can download Uncle Tom’s Cabin Pdf from the download button placed in the bottom.
Stowe, a Connecticut-born teacher at the Hartford Female Seminary and an active abolitionist, featured the character of Uncle Tom, a long-suffering black slave around whom the stories of other characters revolve. The sentimental novel depicts the reality of slavery while also asserting that Christian love can overcome something as destructive as enslavement of fellow human beings. In the cabin book, there are many characters but the main character is an uncle tom. Uncle Tom is a black man who shows excessive willingness to serve white peoples of the USA.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Summary
Many people cried after reading Uncle Tom’s Cabin Summary. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was the best-selling novel of the 19th century and the second best-selling book of that century, following the Bible. It is credited with helping fuel the abolitionist cause in the 1850s. In the first year after it was published, 300,000 copies of the book were sold in the United States; one million copies in Great Britain. In 1855, three years after it was published, it was called “the most popular novel of our day.”
The impact attributed to the book is great, reinforced by a story that when Abraham Lincoln met Stowe at the start of the Civil War, Lincoln declared, “So this is the little lady who started this great war.” The quote is apocryphal; it did not appear in print until 1896, and it has been argued that “The long-term durability of Lincoln’s greeting as an anecdote in literary studies and Stowe scholarship can perhaps be explained in part by the desire among many contemporary intellectuals to affirm the role of literature as an agent of social change.”
Details Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book Pdf
Name Of the Novel: Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book
Author: Harriet Beecher Stowe
Original title: Uncle Tom’s Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly
Country: United States
Published: 20, 1852.
Book Type: Pdf / ePub
Total Pages: 333
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Pdf Size: 33.2 MB. (its because the file is scanned copy of the original uncle toms cabin book)
Download Uncle Tom’s Cabin Pdf Book
There are many students who don’t have enough money to buy books. We are publishing Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book full pdf for those who are unable to buy The Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book. To download this book click the button below.
I hope you have successfully downloaded the ORIGINAL COPY OF UNCLE’S TOM CABIN novel from Pdfcorner.com. Mistakes are made by a human. All the articles published on this site are uploaded by a human. If you get the wrong download file or if you face any problem while downloading Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book pdf book then please let us inform using the comment box.
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By Michelle Nichols and Kanishka Singh
UNITED NATIONS (Reuters) -United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Thursday expressed concern about violence in Pakistan and the suspension of mobile communications services on election day in the South Asian nation, his spokesperson said in an emailed statement.
Pakistan counted votes after polling ended on Thursday in a general election marred by militant attacks and suspension of mobile phone services, with no indication of a clear leader hours after voting closed - an unusual delay compared to previous polls.
Mobile phone services were suspended early on Thursday and were being partially resumed late into the night, the Interior Ministry said late on Thursday, citing security reasons for the suspension, which was also condemned by rights groups such as Amnesty International.
The main contest was expected to be between candidates backed by jailed former prime minister Imran Khan, whose party won the last national election, and the Pakistan Muslim League of former prime minister Nawaz Sharif, whom analysts say is backed by the powerful military.
"As Pakistan awaits the results of the elections, the secretary-general encourages all political leaders and society segments to maintain a calm atmosphere, as well as refrain from the use of violence and any actions that could increase tensions," U.N. spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said.
"It is important for all candidates and supporters to ensure that human rights and the rule of law are fully respected in the interest of the Pakistani people and (to) resolve any disputes that might arise through established legal procedures," the spokesperson added.
Earlier this week, the U.N. human rights office denounced violence against political parties and candidates in the lead-up to Thursday's vote.
It particularly voiced concern over the "pattern of harassment, arrests and prolonged detentions of leaders and supporters" of Khan's Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf (PTI) party.
Multiple legal cases have been brought against Khan, which disqualified him as a candidate and sentenced him to long prison terms. He denies wrongdoing. Khan was ousted in 2022 after falling out with the country's powerful military, which denies meddling in politics.
Thousands of troops were deployed on the streets in Pakistan and at polling stations across the country.
Despite the heightened security, nine people, including two children, were killed on Thursday in bomb blasts, grenade attacks and shootings.
At least another 26 were killed on Wednesday in two explosions near electoral candidates' offices in the southwestern province of Balochistan. Islamic State later claimed responsibility for those attacks.
Earlier on Thursday, the U.S. State Department also said it was concerned about steps taken to "restrict freedom of expression" in Pakistan, especially related to phone and internet access.
(Reporting by Michelle Nichols; writing by Kanishka Singh; editing by Sandra Maler and Lincoln Feast.) |
Cooling the palms of the hands while working out could help you stick with a physical activity program, according to a small study presented at the American Heart Association's Epidemiology and Prevention/Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism 2012 Scientific Sessions.
In the study, obese women who exercised while using the AvaCore Rapid Thermal Exchange (RTX palm cooling device) improved their exercise tolerance and cardiovascular fitness.
"Obese women often complain about sweating and getting tired because they're walking around with extra insulation," said Stacy T. Sims, Ph.D., the study's lead researcher and exercise physiologist and nutrition scientist at Stanford University in California. "If you can slow the rate internal temperature rises and cool someone who is obese, they don't store as much heat and don't feel as uncomfortable. They can do more work."
The cooling devices cooled the palms of the hand and circulating blood, thus pulling heat off the body.
Sims suggested that holding a bottle of cold water may also cool palms and help exercisers feel cooler, less sweaty and less fatigued — allowing them to work out longer and make them more likely to stick with their exercise regimen.
For 12 weeks, researchers studied 24 women, 30-45 years old, who had a body mass index between 30 and 34.9, which is considered obese. Half worked out with their hands in a cylinder containing water at 60.8 degrees Fahrenheit. The other half used the same device with water at 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. Participants didn't know the difference in their devices and did the same fitness activities, starting with push-ups, lunges and then progressing to using the treadmill, which contained the device. The goal was to increase exercise duration up to 45-minute stretches at 80 percent of their maximum heart rates.
"The control group dropped out quite early," Sims said. "The women who had the cooling device continued to participate and didn't have an issue with attrition because they finally didn't feel uncomfortable exercising."
During the three-month study, the control group's data remained almost the same while the cooling group:
- Shaved an average five minutes off the time to walk 1.5 miles.
- Dropped almost three inches off their waists.
- Had lower resting blood pressure and greater exercise heart rate.
The device used in the study is costly and is typically found in professional sports training facilities, clinics and hospitals, not general fitness centers, Sims said.
Co-authors are Sandra Tsai, M.D., and Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D. Author disclosures are on the abstract. The Cardiovascular Institute, Women's Health, at Stanford University funded the study.
Statements and conclusions of study authors that are presented at American Heart Association scientific meetings are solely those of the study authors and do not necessarily reflect association policy or position. The association makes no representation or warranty as to their accuracy or reliability. The association receives funding primarily from individuals; foundations and corporations (including pharmaceutical, device manufacturers and other companies) also make donations and fund specific association programs and events. The association has strict policies to prevent these relationships from influencing science content. Revenues from pharmaceutical and device corporations are available at www.heart.org/corporatefunding.
NR12-1044 (Epi/NPAM 2012/Sims)
Note: Actual presentation is 5 p.m. PT/ 8 p.m. ET, Thursday, March 15, 2012.
- For tips from the American Heart Association on physical activity, visit Getting Started.
- For more on why physical activity is important, visit The Price of Inactivity. |
The Impact of Hearing Loss Report
The impact of hearing loss in adulthood is little recognised. However, it is linked with higher unemployment, poor health, depression, dementia and increased mortality. Hearing loss is unusual in that its effects cross the health, social care and education domains of service provision and affect every aspect of people’s lives. Today’s hearing technologies offer the opportunity to reduce this impact significantly. Health, social care and wider support systems are under increasing pressure to improve efficiency and find savings.
However the high additional costs to our health, social care and welfare systems as well as our economy of not addressing hearing loss are rarely considered. Hearing loss is treated as a worrying lifestyle issue rather than a serious health issue with a heavy cost burden to the individual and society.
This report is the first to bring together a comprehensive assessment for the UK of the cost of hearing loss and deafness which we estimate to be over £30 billion per annum on a conservative basis. These costs relate to both the direct costs of treating hearing loss, which are comparatively low, and the much larger costs of dealing with the health and social impacts of hearing loss. It is reasonable to assume that these costs in particular are capable of being reduced if hearing loss is properly addressed in a greater proportion of the deaf population.
An evaluation of the overall costs of hearing loss, and the extent to which these would be reduced through better intervention with a
greater number of affected individuals, would both dramatically alter the perception of cost effectiveness of an adult screening programme and also change the basis on which cochlear implants and other interventions are currently commissioned. Thus the question is not can we afford to provide cochlear implants but can we afford not to?
While this report is set in the context of the UK, the issues raised have world-wide implications. The report explores the long term health consequences of hearing loss and deafness on the individual and society. It brings together current research, and presents a new study into the societal costs of hearing loss. It looks in more detail at the health economics of adult cochlear implantation, an area under financial scrutiny in many countries but which has not been set in the context of the additional costs of not providing them as opposed to providing them.
You can download the report by clicking on the link here: AdultReportfinal.pdf
Jan 9, 2015 |
ली (, पिनयिन एल ) नव-कन्फ्यूशियस चीनी दर्शन में पाया गया एक अवधारणा है। यह प्रकृति के अंतर्निहित कारण और क्रम को संदर्भित करता है जैसा कि इसके कार्बनिक रूपों में दर्शाया गया है।
इसका अनुवाद "तर्कसंगत सिद्धांत" या "कानून" के रूप में किया जा सकता है। यह झू झी के बौद्ध धर्म के एकीकरण में कन्फ्यूशियनिज्म में केंद्रीय था। झू शी ने उस ली को पकड़ लिया, क्यूई (: महत्वपूर्ण, भौतिक बल) के साथ, प्रकृति और पदार्थ की संरचनाओं को बनाने के लिए एक दूसरे पर निर्भर करता है। ली की राशि ताइजी है ।
यह विचार ली की बौद्ध धारणा जैसा दिखता है, जिसका अर्थ "सिद्धांत" भी है। हालांकि, झू शी ने बनाए रखा कि उनकी धारणा चीनी दर्शन के क्लासिक स्रोत, चिंग ( चेंज ऑफ बुक ) में पाई जाती है। झू शी के स्कूल को स्कूल ऑफ ली के नाम से जाना जाने लगा, जो तर्कवाद के समान है। कन्फ्यूशियस की तुलना में भी अधिक हद तक, झू शी के पास एक प्राकृतिक दुनिया-दृष्टिकोण था। उनके विश्व-दृश्य में दो प्राथमिक विचार शामिल थे: क्यूई और ली। झू शी ने आगे माना कि इन दोनों के आचरण ने ताई जी के अनुसार जगह ली।
कन्फ्यूशियस और मेनियस की मानवता की अवधारणा को सहज रूप से अच्छी तरह से पकड़ते हुए, झू शी ने ब्रह्मांड के मूल पैटर्न के रूप में ली की समझ व्यक्त की, यह बताते हुए कि यह समझा गया था कि कोई ली के बिना नहीं जी सकता और अनुकरणीय जीवन जी सकता है। इस अर्थ में, झू शी के अनुसार ली अक्सर दाओवाद में दाओ या यूनानी दर्शन में दूरसंचार और हिंदू धर्म में धर्म के समान ही देखा जाता है। झांग जी के विचारों का विरोध करने वाले एक दार्शनिक वांग यांगमिंग ने कहा कि ली दुनिया में नहीं बल्कि खुद के भीतर पाया जाना था। वैंग यांगमिंग इस प्रकार एक अलग महाद्वीपीय दृष्टिकोण के साथ एक आदर्शवादी थे।
चीन में ब्रह्मांड के कन्फ्यूशियस का दृष्टिकोण, सांग राजवंश। सभी ब्रह्मांड यिन यांग के अंतराल के कारण होते हैं, लेकिन यिन यांग दिमाग में है, की सामग्री का एक बड़ा रूप है, यिन और यांग को पार करने का कारण कारण है, इसे ब्रह्मांड के निर्माण का सिद्धांत माना जाता है बातें। गर्मी (इकावा) प्राचीन क्यूई के दर्शन के लिए एक कारण जोड़ती है, ताइसी झू जेन द्वारा बनाई गई थी। |
World’s first study tracks dwarf minke whales
Dwarf minke whales have been tagged and tracked in Australia’s Great Barrier Reef in a world-first pilot study which hopes to solve the mystery of where they spend the summer.
Scientists at James Cook University in Queensland state are taking part in the project, also involving researchers from Alaska, which tagged four of the whales last month and is now tracking their southerly progress down the east coast of Australia.
“Although they occur all around the southern hemisphere, the Great Barrier Reef hosts the world’s only known predictable aggregation of these exquisitely beautiful little whales,” the university’s Alastair Birtles said.
Birtles, who has been studying the dwarf minke for 18 years, said while the animals were known to gather each winter off Lizard Island in northern Queensland, it was a mystery where they spent the summer months.
Little is known about the dwarf minkes, which are usually between five to seven metres (16 to 23 feet) long. Although there are several hundred on the Great Barrier Reef, they went unnoticed there until the 1980s.
Whales such as the humpback and southern right are known to migrate down Australia’s east coast in the warmer months to spend the summer in the cooler waters off Antarctica, but whether the smaller dwarf minkes join them is unknown.
“We have no idea where they go,” Birtles, co-leader of the James Cook University-based Minke Whale Project, told AFP.
“The question is: do they make that long migration down to the Antarctic waters or do they go out into the South Pacific somewhere? I really would just about put equal money on those.”
Because they are open ocean whales, the dwarf minkes are near impossible to study outside the small time frame they spend on the Great Barrier Reef in mid-winter when courtship behaviour is seen.
“They are an undescribed sub species of whale… nobody knew that they existed until about 20 years ago,” Birtles said.
“It’s one of the great mysteries of the Southern Ocean to think that there is an animal here, which first of all doesn’t have a proper (scientific) name, and then you don’t know where it goes for nine months of the year. It is pretty extraordinary. Especially when it weighs five or six tonnes and is six metres long.”
The four whales had matchbox-sized tags placed on their dorsal fins in mid-July by researchers working from a sonically and infra-sonically quiet ship used by the Australian Defence Department.
By August 12, the first whale to be tagged, a young male called Spot, had left the reef far behind and was speeding south along the edge of the continental shelf off Sydney, having swum almost 3,000 kilometres (1,860 miles) in less than 30 days.
A female whale dubbed Deep Scars was not far behind, but the remaining two — while heading south — were much further north.
“Their tracks have transformed our understanding of the movements of these animals which up to this point we had only documented by divers re-sighting them and taking underwater photographs of their unique colour patterns, which we use to identify individual animals,” said Birtles.
The researchers are hoping to do a more extensive study next year. |
Early Television Stations
W2XCR/WGBS - New York
On Aug. 20, 1930, W2XCR began broadcasting from Jersey City, New Jersey, with first demonstration of home reception of television, a half-hour broadcast. Two sets were available in public places and one in a press suite. The 48 line/15 fps standard was used. It broadcast on the new television band at 2.1 to 2.2 mHz.
In April of 1931, W2XCR moved to 655 Fifth Avenue in New
York. The station now had 5000 watts power, and began using the 60
line/20 fps standard used by other New York area stations..
The station broadcast the first television marriage on May 1, 1931, when a Jenkins engineer married a Jenkins secretary in front of the television for publicity purposes. From the New York Times, May 2, 1931: Jenkins engineer Frank Du Vall married Graycee Jones on W2XCR on May 1, 1931. The Rev. Doctor A. Edwin Keigwin of the West End Presbyterian Church officiated. Rev. Keigwin was known throughout the metroplitan NYC area as being one of the first ministers to begin a radio ministry. (Thanks to Al McGilvray for that information)
The station apparently left the air in 1933. More information on W2XCR can be found at Television History - the First 75 Years.
Augusta Herald, April 8 1930 |
अप्र १८ (त्न) भारतीय रेलवे अपना सामाजिक दायित्व निभाते हुए कई लोगों को यात्री किराये में रियायत प्रदान करता है। आपकी जानकारी के लिए बता दें कि स्टडी टूर के लिए जा रहे विद्यार्थियों, वरिष्ठ नागरिकों, कुछ गम्भीर बीमारियों के मरीजों, दिव्यांगजनों, शहीदों की पत्नी, खिलाड़ियों, बेरोजगार युवाओं आदि को भारतीय रेलवे ट्रेन टिकिट बुकिंग किराये में रियायत प्रदान करता है।
भारतीय रेलवे से मिली जानकारी के अनुसार, किराये में मिलने वाली सभी रियायतें मेल या एक्सप्रेस ट्रेन के बेसिक किराए पर ही लागू होती हैं। वहीं यदि यात्रा का किराया सरकार (राज्य या केंद्र), लोकल अथॉरिटी, कॉर्पोरेट या यूनिवर्सिटी द्वारा उठाया जा रहा है तो यात्री को इस पर कोई छूट नहीं मिलेगी।
भारतीय रेलवे सिर्फ़ बेसिक किराये पर ही रियायत प्रदान करता है और वो भी कम से कम ३०० किलोमीटर की यात्रा पर। रिजर्वेशन चार्ज और सुपरफास्ट चार्ज आदि पर कोई रियायत नहीं मिलती है। हालांकि राजधानी, शताब्दी और जन शताब्दी जैसी ट्रेनों में कैटरिंग चार्ज पर रियायत मिलती है।
कोई भी यात्री एक समय पर सिर्फ़ एक ही रियायत का लाभ ले सकता है। यानि कि यात्रा के दौरान वो दो रियायतों का फायदा नहीं उठा सकता है, यदि वो ऐसा करता है तो यह नियमों के ख़िलाफ़ है। वहीं दो लोगों के लिए टिकिट में छूट को अलग अलग गिना जाता है।
वरिष्ठ नागरिकों को छोड़कर, ट्रेन में यात्रा करते समय किराये में रियायत लेने पर किस कारण से रियायत मिली है उससे सम्बन्धित प्रमाण पत्र दिखाना जरूरी है। आपकी जानकारी के लिए बता दें कि प्रमाण पत्र सिर्फ़ भारत में ही सम्बन्धित व्यक्ति/संगठन द्वारा जारी किया होना चाहिये ना कि विदेश के किसी व्यक्ति/संगठन द्वारा।
वरिष्ठ नागरिकों को टिकट खरीदते समय किसी भी तरह का आयु प्रमाण-पत्र दिखाने की जरूरत नहीं होती है। रेलवे के नियम के मुताबिक़ रियायती टिकिट मांगने पर जारी की जाती है और इसके लिए आरक्षण फार्म में विकल्प दिया जाता है। हालांकि, वरिष्ठ नागरिकों को यात्रा के दौरान अपनी आयु का प्रमाण पत्र साथ रखना जरूरी है जो कि मांगने पर उन्हें दिखाना होगा।
रेलवे के नियमों के अनुसार रियायती टिकिटधारी अपने वास्तविक टिकट के किराये के अंतर का भुगतान करके भी उच्च श्रेणी में टिकिट नहीं ले सकता है। हालांकि प्रथम श्रेणी में रियायत के लिए पात्र व्यक्ति प्रथम श्रेणी रियायती किराये का भुगतान करके और साथ ही एसी २-टीयर स्लीपर एवं प्रथम श्रेणी के वास्तविक किरायों के अंतर का भुगतान करके एसी २-टीयर या स्लीपर क्लास के लिए टिकिट खरीद सकता है।
वहीं आपकी जानकारी के लिए बता दें कि सीजन टिकटों, सर्कुलर यात्रा टिकटों के साथ-साथ प्रतिष्ठित गाड़ियों जैसे राजधानी एक्सप्रेस और शताब्दी एक्सप्रेस आदि में, जिनकी किराया संरचना में सभी सुविधाओं सहित किराया शामिल होता है, टिकिटों पर रियायत देय नहीं होती है। हां एक्सप्रेस गाड़ियों में यात्री को रियायत दी जाती है।
जब भी दो या दो से अधिक व्यक्तियों के लिए रियायती टिकिट या सीजन टिकिट या सर्कुलर यात्रा टिकिट जारी किए जाते हैं, ऐसे में प्रत्येक व्यक्ति के लिए रियायती किराये की गणना अलग से की जाती है। यह सभी तरह की रियायतें केवल स्टेशनों/आरक्षण कार्यालयों/बुकिंग कार्यालयों के काउंटरों से मिल सकती हैं। |
First it was arsenic in rice, now lead. Bottom line, buy only US grown rice.
Rice imported from certain countries contains high levels of lead that could pose health risks, particularly for infants and children, who are especially sensitive to lead's effects, and adults of Asian heritage who consume large amounts of rice,... Their research, ... found some of the highest lead levels in baby food,...
"Such findings present a situation that is particularly worrisome given that infants and children are especially vulnerable to the effects of lead poisoning," Tongesayi said. "For infants and children, the daily exposure levels from eating the rice products analyzed in this study would be 30-60 times higher than the FDA's provisional total tolerable intake (PTTI) levels. Asians consume more rice, and for these infants and children, exposures would be 60-120 times higher. For adults, the daily exposure levels were 20-40 times higher than the PTTI levels."
They detected the highest amounts of lead in rice from Taiwan and China. Samples from the Czech Republic, Bhutan, Italy, India and Thailand had significantly high levels of lead as well. Analysis of rice samples from Pakistan, Brazil and other countries were still underway.
Because of the increase in rice imports into the United States, Tongesayi said that rice from other nations has made its way into a wide variety of grocery stores, large supermarket chains and restaurants, as well as ethnic specialty markets and restaurants. [emphasis mine] |
"10 Steps To Developing A Quality Lesson Plan..."
Below is a list of the steps that are usually involved in developing a quality lesson plan as well as a description of what each component should be. They will be listed in 10 of the best points.
1. The first thing that you will have to consider, obviously, is what you want to teach. This should be developed based upon your state or local school standards. You also need to be aware of what grade level you are developing the lesson plan for, as well as record a time estimate for your lesson plan to help you to better budget your time.
2. If you want to make sure that your lesson plan will teach exactly what you want it to, then you will need to develop clear and specific objectives at the start. You must note that these objectives should not be activities that will be used in the lesson plan. Rather, they should be the learning outcomes of those activities.
3. You would probably find out exactly what materials you are going to use later, however, they should be shown early in your lesson plan. This way, if someone else decided to start using your lesson plan, they would know in advance what materials would be required.
4. You may also want to write out an Anticipatory Set, which would be a great way to lead into the lesson plan and develop the students' interest in learning what you are getting ready to teach. A good example deals with a lesson on fractions. The teacher could start by asking the students how they would divide up a pizza to make sure each of their 3 friends got an equal amount of pie, and tell them that they can do this if they know how to work with fractions.
5. At this point you need to write the step-by-step procedures that will be performed to reach each of the above mentioned objectives. These don't have to involve every little thing that the teacher will say and do, but they should list the relevant actions that the teacher needs in order to perform them.
6. After the above mentioned procedures have been completed, you may want to provide your students with time for independent practice. For the example of above, students could be given some time to add different numbers of unifix cubes together that a partner would provide them with.
7. Just before you start moving on to the assessment phase you should be prepared to create some sort of closure for the lesson plan. A good idea for this is to return to your anticipatory set, for example, you can ask students how they would divide up that pie now that they know how to work with fractions (check step 4).
8. Now you want to write your assessment/evaluation. Many lesson plans don't really need them, but most of them should have some sort of evaluation of whether or not the objectives were reached. The key to doing this is to make sure that the assessment specifically measures whether the objectives were reached or not.
9. You should make different directions for students with learning disabilities and extensions for others. Examples of this would be adding 1 unifix cube to 1 unifix cube for students with learning disabilities and adding 9 unifix cubes to 13 unifix cubes for the more advanced students and somewhere in between for everyone else.
This is most effective when you use specific adaptations for specific students to take into account their individual differences.
10. It's a really good idea for you to include a “Connections” section, which really shows how the lesson plan could be integrated with other subjects. An example of this would be to have students paint 2 oranges, then 3 more oranges below them, etc. so that they can learn how to integrate Art into the lesson plan.
If you want to learn more about how to get started homeschooling your kid, then I highly recommend you read the manual: "Homeschooling Secrets" |
गुरुग्राम(हरियाणा)लोगों को प्रसाद का लड्डू खिलाकर लूटने वाले गिरोह का मास्टर माइंड सरगना को एंटी स्नैचिंग टीम ने गिरफ्तार किया है। पुलिस ने गिरोह का पर्दाफाश करते हुए कहा बदमाश का सीधा टारगेट ऑटो चालक होते थे। आरोपी दिल्ली, यूपी और भोंडसी जेल में भी बंद रह चुका है।
दिल्ली एनसीआर के उत्तर प्रदेश में लड्डू गिरोह के नाम से विख्यात इस गैंग का आतंक इतना बढ़ गया था कि लोग प्रसाद लेने से भी डरने लगे थे। इस तरह की बढ़ती वारदातों ने पुलिस की नींद भी उड़ाई हुई थी। गिरोह को दबोचने की जिम्मेदारी पुलिस आयुक्त केेके राव ने डीसीपी क्राइम सुमित कुमार को सौंप दी।
पुलिस प्रवक्ता सुभाष बोकन ने बताया कि डीसीपी क्राइम ने इसकी जिम्मेदारी एंटी स्नैचिंग स्टाफ टीम को सौंपी थी। मामले की तफ्तीश के दौरान अपराध शाखा प्रभारी संदीप कुमार ने काफी जानकारी जुटाई और अपराधी को दबोचने के लिए जाल बिछा दिया।
प्रवक्ता के मुताबिक जांच के दौरान खुलासा हुआ कि राजस्थान के टपूकड़ा का रहने वाला मनीष कुमार अपने साथियों के साथ मिलकर वारदातों को अंजाम देता है। पुलिस ने मास्टर माइंड मनीष को दबोचने के लिए पुलिस उसके पीछे पड़ गई। मुखबीर की सूचना मिलते ही पुलिस टीम ने आरोपी को दिल्ली के खजूरी खास से गिरफ्तार कर लिया।
पुलिस प्रवक्ता सुभाष बोकन ने बताया कि पूछताछ के दौरान आरोपी मनीष ने खुलासा किया कि उसने अपने साथियों से मिलकर नशीला लड्डू खिलाकर ई-रिक्शा छीन लिया था। पुलिस प्रवक्ता ने बताया कि यह एक मामले में बेल जंपर भी है और यह दिल्ली, यूपी व भोंडसी जेल में भी बंद रह चुका है। इसके अन्य साथियों का भी पता लग चुका है। |
Behavior issues … Where do we start?
Well, just like Julie Andrews’ character in the Sound of Music, “We start at the very beginning!” First of all, we must understand that your pets having unwanted or impolite behavior does NOT mean they are bad dogs or cats. They just haven’t been given the tools to learn the good behavior! And, as the leaders, we can inadvertently reward bad behavior, thereby continuing it. Just like humans, to learn good behavior, our pets must have clear and consistent direction from a leader they trust. Note the key words: CLEAR, CONSISTENT, AND TRUST.
CLEAR means that there is no doubt your pet understands exactly what you expect of his or her behavior at any time. This means you need to “speak” in a way they can understand. CONSISTENT means that you must request and respond to a desired behavior in the same way EVERY TIME. How we treat puppies is often inconsistent in that we allow puppies to do things we would prefer they not do as adults. Another common inconsistency arises when different family members treat the pet differently. For example, the kids allow Rex to jump on them when they come home but then Rex gets in trouble when he jumps on grandma’s Sunday dress! Imagine how confused Rex must be! This leads to the final, but most important term, which is TRUST. Trust is established when your pet understands that you will take care of all of his or her needs, including emotional needs, and that you will ALWAYS behave in a compassionate manner, giving clear direction with positive rewards. Understanding how you create that trust will be the topic of our next entry. |
Jun 9, 2021
The cerebellum is a region of the brain that plays an important role in motor control. It is also involved in some cognitive functions such as attention and language, and in some emotional functions such as regulating fear and pleasure responses. In this book, the authors present current research from across the globe in the study of the anatomy, function and disorders of the cerebellum. Topics discussed include foetal alcohol spectrum disorders and the cerebellum; the role of the cerebellum in ageing cognition; the cerebellum and Parkinson’s disease; hypoxia induced changes in the brain; and, synaptic plasticity and motor learning in the cerebellum. |
Zebra mussels, asian carp, purple loostrife, spotted knapweed. These are some of the organisms that come to mind when we think of the term ‘invasive species.’ In Hawaii, its time to add the name Ceratocystis fimbriata to that list. C. fimbriata is the cause of rapid ōhi’a death (ROD) that is spreading quickly through Hawaii’s big island. Ōhi’a is Hawaii’s only tree species that colonizes lava flows and are a home to a number of rare species. Currently thought to be spread through the wind via wood dust created by ambrosia beetles in search of food, C. fimbriata has invaded close to 20,000 hectares of Hawaii’s forest. No one is quite sure how this particular strain got there in the first place, though a related Ceratocystis species affects Hawaiian pineapples, but it is clear that if it is not contained soon there could be a devastating effect on Hawaii’s ecosystem, including potential ill-effects on the island’s freshwater supply.
Read more here.
Vesper I (2016) Alien fungus blights Hawaii’s native trees. Science (80- ) 354: 27310.28.16 |
United States Botanic Garden
Steeped in history, rich with tradition, the United States Botanic Garden (USBG) is a living plant museum that informs visitors about the importance, and often irreplaceable value, of plants to the well-being of humans and to earth's fragile ecosystems.
One of the oldest botanic gardens in North America, the USBG is an accredited living plant museum with the mission to demonstrate the aesthetic, cultural, economic, therapeutic and ecological importance of plants. From roses to orchids, the rainforest to the Mid-Atlantic, rare and endangered plants to the latest in home gardens, a world of plants and environments await you in the permanent exhibits and gardens. Any time of year, you'll see something beautiful at the USBG, including more than 75 Project BudBurst target species. |
तेज रफ्तार और लग्जरी कार बनाने के लिए मशहूर दुनिया की जानी मानी ऑटो कंपनी मसेराटी ने भारत में अपनी नई एसयूवी लेवान्ते लॉन्च कर दी है। भारत में इसकी शुरुआती कीमत १.४ करोड़ रुपए रखी गई है। मसेराटी लेवान्ते सुव के दो वैरिएंट लॉन्च किए गए हैं। इनके नाम हैं ग्रैनलुसो और ग्रैनस्पोर्ट। मसेराटी लेवान्ते सिर्फ ६.९ सेकंड में ही ०-१०० किमी प्रति घंटा की रफ्तार पकड़ लेती है।
मसेराटी लेवान्ते बाहर से जितनी खूबसूरत और दमदार नजर आती है, उतना ही आकर्षक इसका इंटीरियर भी है। कार के केबिन में लग्जरी फीचर्स को शामिल किया गया है। इसमें मसेराटी टच कंट्रोल सिस्टम दिया गया है जो पूरी तरह अपडेटेड है। इसके अलावा इसमें ८.४ इंच का हाई-रिजोल्यूशन डिसप्ले दिया गया है। इसकी सीट्स प्रीमियम लैदर से बनी हैं।
वैश्विक स्तर पर इस कार में कंपनी ने ३.० लीटर का पेट्रोल-डीजल इंजन दिया है। फिलहाल कंपनी ने भारत में इस कार का सिर्फ ३.० लीटर डीजल इंजन उपलब्ध कराया है। यह इंजन २७१ भ्प पावर और 6०० न्म पीक टॉर्क जनरेट करने की क्षमता रखता है। कार की ड्राइविंग क्षमता को बढ़ाने के लिए कंपनी ने ४ ड्राइविंग मोड्स - ऑटो नॉर्मल, ऑटो स्पोर्ट, ऑटो मैनुअल और ऑटो ऑफ-रोड दिए हैं।
मसेराटी लेवान्ते का भारत में असली मुकाबला ऐस्टन मार्टिन रैपिड जैसी शानदार कार से होगा। ऐस्टन मार्टिन पूरी दुनिया में अपनी बेहतरीन परफॉरमेंस के लिए जानी जाती है। ऐसा में मसेराटी लेवान्ते का सफर भारत में कितना कामयाब होगा यह देखने वाली बात होगी।
भारत में मसेराटी की सिर्फ ३ डीलरशिप हैं जिनमें ये कार उपलब्ध हैं। अगर आप मसेराटी लेवान्ते खरीदना चाहते हैं तो आपको मुंबई, बेंगलुरु और दिल्ली की डीलरशिप से संपर्क करना होगा। |
Project management platform Monday.com, formerly known as DaPulse, has raised a $50 million Series C. The round is led by Stripes Group, with prior investors Entree Capital and Insight Venture Partners also making an appearance. The round brings total known funding for the startup to $84.1 million, according to Crunchbase.
The Israel-based startup, which also has offices in New York, faces stiff competition in the project management and to-do app space. However, it seems to have found a sweet spot in the industry. Monday.com counts 35,000 teams as subscribers, including WeWork, McDonald’s, and the Discovery Channel, as noted on its press release.
Of course, when raising from VCs, growth is the goal. Monday.com is using its latest round to bolster its product offerings, increase its international presence, and create solutions for specific industries like real estate and construction. In pursuit of those goals, the company has launched remarketing campaigns on social media platforms, a customer acquisition strategy that Monday.com’s co-founder and CEO Roy Mann described as a “greenfield opportunity.”
The round also serves as an announcement of new features. Monday.com is launching a community for users to share how they get the most out of the platform. More tactically, it is also introducing new functionality, such as time tracking, through an app store-like experience called column center. Eran Zinman, Monday.com’s CTO, told Crunchbase News it might expand the column center the third-party developers. The startup is also launching board views, which will let teams turn their spreadsheet-like boards into more visual formats, such as a calendar.
However, Mann noted that the two startups are following divergent paths despite the similarities. Instead of focusing on being a database or replacing excel, Monday.com aims to facilitate effective communication and team transparency. Now it has a good sum of money to put behind that effort.
Stay up to date with recent funding rounds, acquisitions, and more with the Crunchbase Daily. |
Welcome to the final part in a 3 part series of articles about routers and routing . Previously I wrote about how routers work and the routing table in parts 1 and 2 respectively. I am now going to talk about IP routing and how you can manipulate routes to “direct” traffic.
An Important Fact About IP Routing Most People Forget
When packets take a certain route to their destination they DO NOT have to take the same route back. I can’t stress this enough, packets DO NOT record the route they take. This is a big misconception among some IT professionals. Let’s say you are playing an online game, you have a connection established with the game server and data is constantly being sent and received. The packets you send may go across 5 routers, but the packets that come back CAN and most likely take a completely different route using 7 other routers. Always remember this when troubleshooting IP routing issues. Here is a classic of example of how you can get it wrong.
Let’s say you are troubleshooting a network problem and suspect the cause is related to IP routing. You decide to use the PING command to test that routing is configured correctly. The device you ping is 4 hops (routers/networks) away. The ping fails. For the sake of simplicity we will assume that everything else is working perfectly and it should reply. You now use the trace route command to investigate further and find it is in fact routing correctly; you can see packets going across all 4 hops and arriving at the destination. At this point you assume routing is working correctly so move on to look elsewhere. The problem however, was not that the packets couldn’t get to the destination, it was that they couldn’t come back. It could be as simple as a misconfigured default gateway on the destination PC; packets would arrive there but when replying the PC would send them to a wrongly configured gateway and consequently fail. What you should have done is run a trace route at both locations to test IP routing in both directions. If this was done you would have spotted the misconfigured PC straight away when it was sending it’s replies to the wrong gateway.
Make sure you remember this for the future as you are unlikely to find this documented elsewhere.
IP Routing Through Multiple Networks
Let’s expand on the network from part 2. We already have two subnets 192.168.111.x and 192.168.1.x connected by one router. Let’s add 2 more subnets 192.168.2.x and 192.168.3.x, they are connected as follows:
In the diagram above PC1’s default gateway is Router A, this is the same for PC2. All packets from either of these PC’s will be forwarded to Router A for destinations other than their own subnet. What happens if PC1 wants to communicate with PC’s on the 192.168.2.x subnet? With everything explained so far this isn’t possible. Let’s go through the process; PC1 wants to connect to IP 192.168.2.5 but knows it is on a different subnet so forwards the packets to it’s default gateway Router A. At this point Router A can’t find a match for the destination subnet, it only has routes to the two subnets it is attached to so, it should fail. But, routers also have default gateways. If we configure Router A’s own default gateway to be IP 192.168.1.1 (Router B) it adds the 0.0.0.0 entry into it’s routing table with a gateway IP of 192.168.1.1. As explained in part 2 this will forward everything to this IP it can’t find a specific match for in it’s own routing table. As Router B is attached to the 192.168.2.x subnet it finds a matching route and sends the packets directly to the PC. If we apply this same principle to all the routers we can create a loop where packets are forwarded to other routers in a clockwise direction as follows; Router A > Router B > Router C > Router D > Router A. This is not the ideal IP routing solution but for learning purposes if will suffice for now. Here is what happens when PC1 transfers data with a PC on network 192.168.3.x.
- PC1 examines it’s own IP routing table and finds the only match is 0.0.0.0 (default gateway rule) and forwards the packet to IP 192.168.111.254.
- Router A does EXACTLY the same same as PC1. It checks it’s routing table and sees it is not part of that network so sends it onto it’s own default gateway IP 192.168.1.1 (Router B).
- Router B does the same and sends it to Router C.
- Router C is part of the 192.168.3.x subnet; it finds a match in it’s routing table and sends it directly to the PC.
- The PC on the 192.168.3.x subnet sends data back to IP 192.168.111.55 but sees it is on another subnet. It checks it’s routing table and finds the 0.0.0.0 entry.
- This entry has the default gateway set to IP 192.168.3.1 (Router D) so forwards packets there.
- Router D delivers the packets to IP 192.168.111.55
As you can see PC1 had to go through 3 routers to get to the destination because it (and Router A) didn’t know that the 192.168.3.x network was accessible through Router D (1 hop away). This is because there was no match in any of the routers routing tables for the subnet until it reached Router C. When the packets came back from a PC on 192.168.3.x it’s default gateway was Router D and since Router D is also attached to 192.168.111.x it only required one hop. It works, but it’s not very efficient. The most efficient IP routing method is to make ALL routers aware of the quickest route to each subnet. We do this using a technique called Static Routing.
Static routing is the process of adding IP routing information manually into the routing table. Let’s start by adding a static route to Router A so that it knows the 192.168.3.x network is accessible through Router D. If we were using Microsoft RRAS as our routers we would type this command at a command prompt:
route add 192.168.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.111.1 metric 1
All routers are configured differently, this is just how a Windows RRAS is done but the principle is the same regardless. This command adds an entry into the routing table that states the 192.168.3.x network can be accessed through IP 192.168.111.1. When PC1 sends data to 192.168.3.x it is forwarded to Router A but this time Router A finds a match to the subnet which tells it to forward the packets to 192.168.111.1 (Router D). Router D of course then delivers it directly to the machine. You may be asking yourself why we can’t just add this route directly on PC1 instead allowing us to bypass Router A? This is an option, and we would eliminate a hop in doing so. However, it is bad practice; remember this subnet could have hundreds of computers attached to it, it would mean adding the route to all of them. This is more work, and in addition it further complicates the network. For example what if due to network topology changes you are required to change Router D’s IP address in the near future? The route now needs updating but rather than update it once on a router you need to do it on every machine again! It is best leaving routing to the routers. Adding the route at the router means you only have to do it once.
Router A now has routes to 3 subnets; the 2 that are directly attached and the one we added above. We add another route for the last network of 192.168.2.x. We could add an entry telling Router A that the 192.168.2.x network can be accessed through Router B but since the 0.0.0.0 rule (Router A’s own default gateway) also sends packets to Router B it would be pointless. Instead we will add this new static route to go in the opposite direction for redundancy like so:
route add 192.168.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.111.1 metric 2
As this is a more specific match than 0.0.0.0 ip routing will favour this first. When sending traffic to 192.168.2.x it will ALWAYS send it to Router D. If for any reason this fails it will then fall back to the 0.0.0.0 rule and send packets to 192.168.111.254.
Adding the two static routes above allows our router to “see” all 4 subnets. You would then configure the other 3 routers in the same manner.
Internet IP Routing
The Internet routes traffic exactly the same way but on a much larger scale with thousands of networks and routers. EVERY time a router receives a new packet it is evaluated against the routing table for a match. If it can’t find one it forwards the packet to it’s own default gateway. This process continues until eventually a router finds a match. If a router finds two matches to the same network (for redundancy) it will always favour the entry with the lowest metric value first.
The main difference between IP routing on the Internet and routing on private networks is how the routing table is built. Private networks tend to use static routing whereas the Internet uses Dynamic Routing.
Maintaining IP routing tables on small networks do not require much administrative effort; once the network is setup and static routes have been added there isn’t much else to do. On large networks however, the network topology is constantly changing; new subnets are added, faster routes learnt, subnets are joined or further subnetted. Updating the routers to reflect this every time a change occurs can be a chore in itself. This is where dynamic routing comes in. In static routing the administrator manually creates the routes, but in dynamic routing the routes are “learnt” and built automatically by the routers themselves. Dynamic routing allows routers to “talk” to each other to find where other networks are located. When the network topology changes so do the dynamic routes. When routers go down or faster routes become available dynamic routing also detects this and reconfigures the IP routing table accordingly. As you can imagine dynamic routing requires little to no administration and is ideal for the Internet where new networks are added every day.
Dynamic routing is implemented using IP routing protocols. Some of the more common ones are RIP, OSPF and BGP. For the purpose of this article this all you need to know but if you wish to, you can learn more about Dynamic Routing here. |
Levels of planning
Town planning is used to regulate land use and construction. A plan defines how residential areas, workplaces, green areas, transportation and traffic and other components of the city are laid out. Town planning is divided into different planning levels. The more general plan dictates planning on more detailed levels.
A city plan is the overall plan for land use and the organization of transportation and traffic. It covers the entire city. The city plan is revised at about ten-year intervals in Helsinki. The city plan steers detailed planning. The city plan can be complemented or revised with a partial city plan prepared for a more limited area. Helsinki’s current city plan (Master Plan 2002) went into effect in 2007 except for the Malmi Airport area. Work on a new Helsinki city plan was begun in the autumn of 2012. Find out more on the Helsinki City Plan pages.
Detailed plans regulate the uses of the area and scope of construction. The regulations define building heights, street widths and other matters that impact the structure of the area and cityscape. A detailed plan can cover an entire residential area or only one site. A detailed plan process usually takes at least a year but can take as long as several years. Construction can begin after a detailed plan has been approved by the City Council, goes into effect and is legally binding.
Large new areas are under planning and development in Helsinki, including Jätkäsaari, Kalasatama, Kruunuvuorenranta and Keski-Pasila (Central Pasila). The scope of planning activities also encompasses infill construction and services for built-up areas. New office and business space is planned for areas where it is appropriate for the city structure. The vitality and quality of the city centre are improved by expanding the pedestrian street network and by renovating commercial quarters.
Information about individual plans is available on Current plans. |
बॉलीवुड की एक्ट्रेस अनन्या पांडे जल्द ही अपनी फिल्म स्टूडेंट्स ऑफ द ईयर २ से डेब्यू करने वाली है।फिल्म के ट्रेलर के साथ ही अभी तक फिल्म के कई गाने रिलीज किया जा चुके है वही फिल्म के स्टार्स लगातार फिल्म का प्रमोशन करने में बिजी है हाल ही में फिल्म को प्रमोट करने एक इवेंट में पहुंची अनन्यां पांडे ने ना सिर्फ फिल्म बल्कि अपनी निजी जिंदगी से जुडडे कई राजों का खुलासा किया।
दरअसल पिछले दिनों ही अन्नयां पांडे को कार्तिक आर्यन के साथ काम करने के लिए उत्साहित देखा गया था।दोनों के रिलेशन को लेकर भी अभी तक कई खबरें सामने आ चुकी है।ऐसे में अनन्या ने बताया कि कार्तिक आर्यन उन्हें बहुत पसंद हैं, और वह बहुत खुश है कि उन्हें कार्तिक के साथ काम करने का मौका मिला है। |
Frances Hardinge is an exceptional writer. From the outset her work has been stylish, strongly ideas led and wholly immersive. The Lie Tree deservedly won the overall Costa Book of the Year and in so doing has leveraged much needed focus onto the arena of books published for children and young people helping to galvanise questions around why a literature that is so prominent in terms of overall sales (children’s sales constitute roughly 30% of the market share) are continually overlooked in media review space (research suggests only around 3% is devoted to children’s books).
As with many questions, the answer is perhaps diffuse, but as an art form literature published for children is one of few that proactively asserts its intended audience. Movements across social media have habitually extended those assertions, further stratifying through Middle Grade and Young Adult and further delineating ideas of intended audience and readership.
Childhood is not static or fixed
Outcomes from this have been varying and various. These gradations have seen a critical mass grow around particular titles, authors and issues affecting the field. It has encouraged wider discussions and debate via digital means and the dissemination of this has allowed people of wide and varied backgrounds to contribute ideas and participate in the consideration of literature and reading. Philip Pullman has described reading as a ‘democratic activity‘ and there is undoubted democratisation around comment and access to on the field which is hugely empowering and allows reading to be an equaliser.
Less so, however, is the idea that audience is segregated and that a notional idea of a reader as ‘child’ is placed before the work itself. That is necessarily going to be limiting and damaging. Childhood is not static or fixed, it is culturally determined. On a macroscopic level this is impacted upon by legalities, by societal concepts, and by thoughts and policies around education, this is further influenced on a microscopic level through family values and ideals and through individual viewpoints and ideas as to our own identity. What does this mean for literature for children?
It opens something of a Pandora’s Box… What exactly is literature for children?
(1) It has a strong association with ideas of moral association, worth and the ideas of what it is to live by ‘noble’ means – though arguably modern trends have probed at such assumptions and have sometimes garnered criticism for so doing (the furore over Kevin Brooks winning the Carnegie Medal for The Bunker Diary is one recent example)
(2) It is usually, although not exclusively, written by and published by adults.
(3) Its critique has long modelled itself more around education and notions of child development than around more traditional literary criticism.
The resultant outcome of the above has too often been that some of the specialist critical tools and the language that is equal to discussion of the complexities in form have been underdeveloped. Consequently the type of insight into this rich, sophisticated and hugely exciting artform has been subject to limitation. Like a tapestry, our literary landscape for children needs a variety of voices commenting and critiquing upon it, when interwoven, those can shine a bright light onto many aspects of our society, its make-up and on our own personal growth and development.
Jake Hope is Chair of YLG North West and is a Reading Development and Children’s Book Consultant. He reviews for numerous publications, has judged the Carnegie, Greenaway, Blue Peter and Diverse Voices awards and is a passionate advocate and commentator on children’s literature and reading. |
असद साब, यह टुकड़ा कमोबेश आपके पीस से पहले लिख लिया गया था । ज़ाहिर है इसे संवादात्मक ज़रूरत के मुतबिक़ तोड़ा फोड़ा जायेगा।
मैं ज़रा अवांगार्द को सेलेब्रेट करना चाहता हूं । अवां गार्द में असहमति को कहने की जो तड़प होती है वह काफ़ी बुनियादी चीज़ है । अमूमन देखा यह गया है कि सांस्कृतिक सर्वसत्तावाद के दौर में अवांगर्द पनपता है । इसमें पोस्टर का जो मिज़ाज होता है,, जो एक आउटबर्स्ट होता है, छिन्नभिन्न करने की जो विकलता होती है, ज्वालामुखी का जो एस्थेटिक होता है वह काफ़ी काम कर जाता है । विद्रोही आत्माएं शिल्प का विचलन लेकर भी आती हैं । मेरे ख़याल से अवांगार्द विफलता का शिल्प है । अवांगार्द वाले फिदायिनों की तरह काम करते हैं । यह उत्पात की संस्कृति है जो प्रशासकों और व्यवस्थापकों की नींद तो हराम करती है। मेरे खयाल से यह मामूली बात नहीं है । समयांतर तो अवांगार्द ही बनाता है । सीमांत की बहस को वह बहुत जीवंत तरीक़े से उठा पाता है । अगर वह कोलैबरेशनिस्ट यथास्थितिवाद से उपजा है तो उसकी भूमिका ऐतिहासिक भी हो सकती है। मतलब कि सबवर्ज़न की ज़रूरत तो हर समय बनी रहती है और अगर अवां गार्द यही करता है तो यह बात तो हस्तक्षेपकारी हुई । विजयकुमार की इस बात में दम है कि अवांगार्द अंधी गली होता है जहां केवल रचनाकार का सेल्फ होता है। एक तरह से अपने को और अपनी अंतर्वस्तु को और अपने शिल्प को बहुत निहंग तरीक़े से बिना किसी बिचौलिया के आयत्त करने का दुस्साहस समझना चाहिये अवांगार्द को । अब यह बात कैसी भी लगे लेकिन विनोद कुमार शुक्ल एक चुप्पा अवांगार्द वाली परंपरा के जान पड़ते हैं । मतलब कि हर बार अवांगार्द का जाॅनर हमेशा आवाज़ करे यह ज़रूरी नहीं है । और मुक्तिबोध जो कर सके वह बिना अवांगार्द की स्पिरिट के नहीं कर सकते थे । उनके यहां जो अंधड़ है, जो तूफान है, जो असहमति है, और इस सब को कहने की जो क्षिप्रता है और एस्थेटिक को लेकर जो लापरवाही है उसके पीछे अवांगार्द की भूतग्रस्तता का आत्महंता स्केत्सोफ्रिनिक बल दिखता है । अज्ञेय कविता को जिस तरह से बहुत मैं में ले जाकर आत्महीन बना दे रहे थे उस समय मुक्तिबोध तारकोव्स्की के स्टाकर की तरह पूरे सीन में घूमते हैं कि तुम्हारे इस सर्वानुमतिवाद को चलने नहीं दूंगा । उस समय मुक्तिबोध मानव बम की तरह सुलग रहे हैं । एक घायल पखेरू की तरह पूरे आकाश में चक्कर काट रहे हैं । सुविधाजनक कविता के प्रजातंत्र में यह अकेली नैतिकता का उज़ाड़ और विषण्ण है । रोना आता है । कि जैसे कोई कलेजे पर घूसे मार रहा हो अकेले पड़े मुक्तिबोध के बारे में सोचकर ऐसा ही लगता है । इस कोलेबरेशनिस्ट पोएट्री की ऐसी कम तैसी कर दूंगा यह कहते और करते से लगते हैं मुक्तिबोध। और कर भी दिया । मेरा यह कहना है कि अवांगार्द कोलेबरेशनिस्ट समकालीनता की उपेक्षा का शिकार होता है । कई बार वह ताउम्र आविष्कार की प्रयोगशाला में ही अपने उल्टे सीधे रसायनों की बू के बीच में ही पड़ा रह जाता है । मुक्तिबोध के अंधकार को रामजी राय ने जनता का अंधकार माना और ठीक ही लेकिन श्रीकांत वर्मा, निर्मल वर्मा और अशोक वाजपेयी उनकी आस्तित्विक व्याख्या करते हैं। कीजिये। रामविलास शर्मा भी यही करते हैं । मेरा कहना है कि मुक्तिबोध के अवांगार्द को पावर स्ट्रक्चर द्वारा कोआप्ट करने की जल्दबाजी और रणनीति हिंदी साहित्य का दिलचस्प हिस्सा है । इस हिस्से को जितना ही विखंडित किया जाय साहित्य में सत्ता को समझने के उतने ही टूल विकसित होंगे । मतलब कि अंतत हिंदू देवमाला में बुद्ध के विद्रोह को भी लपेट लिया जायेगा । लेकिन यह भी है कि इस तरह अवांगार्द मुख्यधारा को काफी मानवीय बना देता है । मुख्य धारा के सर्वसत्तावाद हेजेमनी- में काफ़ी डेंट पड़ता है इस तरह से ।
यौन अराजकता के लिये बाज़ दफ़ा अवांगार्द को कोसा जाता है। लेकिन सामंती नैतिकता के परखच्चे उड़ाने के लिये जिन सिरफिरों की ज़रूरत होती है उसका सामान तो अवांगार्द ही जुटाता है । मिनट भर में वह नैतिकता के धूसर थान को रंग बिरंगे रिबनों में बदल देता है । हिंदी में अकविता वालों की इस भूमिका पर ध्यान जाना चाहिये। हिंदी में यौनिकता के बंद गलियारों में वे बहुत धड़ल्ले से गये । हिंदी में बनी जेल की कोठरियों के एक बड़े हिस्से को ढहाने में उन्होंने बड़ी मदद की । लेकिन इस सब के लिये उन्हें साहित्येतिहास में गालियां भी खूब खानी पड़ी । अवांगार्द दुस्साहसिकता के बार को बहुत ऊपर कर देता है । अमरता विमर्श की मुख्यधारा से उसका कम ही लेना देना होता है। इसलिये उनको याद करना काफ़ी ताक़त देता है । |
Electrical Muscle Stimulation Goes a Long Way.
A therapeutic muscle stimulation that sends low frequency electrical impulses into the tissues increasing circulation, decreasing pain and swelling, and improving healing time.
How Does Electrical Muscle Stimulation Work?
Electrical muscle stimulation — often called “TENS” — is a type of treatment often used in physical therapy or other rehabilitation settings. The two primary uses for this treatment are pain relief and muscle re-education. In most settings, there is a machine that provides an electrical current. Wires from the machine are connected to adhesive patches that are placed on the skin over a predetermined area. Electrical current is then sent from the machine to the patches and delivered into the muscle tissue below, causing a sensory or motor response.
Electrical Muscle Stimulation for Pain Relief
Electrical stimulation can be used for pain relief. There are two theories as to why it relieves pain. The Gate Control Theory says that pain signals are sent to the brain via nerves but must pass through a “gate.” The stimulation sensation from e-stim is said to pass through the gate, thus blocking the nerves that deliver pain sensations. Another theory is that the stimulation causes the brain to release the body’s natural painkillers — endorphins and enkephalins — resulting in pain relief. Studies have shown marked increases in these chemicals after the use of low-frequency electrical stimulation.
Electrical Muscle Stimulation for Muscle Re-Education
Electrical stimulation is also used for re-training muscles that are having trouble contracting. Though used for various conditions, it is commonly used for people who have had a stroke or an orthopedic surgery. Many times these patients have trouble trying to move a muscle or joint. When the electrical impulse is sent into into the muscle tissue with e-stim, under the appropriate settings, the muscle can contract without the help of the patient. Doing this while having the subject actively try to contract the muscle can sometimes get the brain to re-learn how to contract the muscle on its own.
Dr. Katherine Pulse offers a wide range of chiropractic and wellness care. Pulse chiropractic and wellness is conveniently located in Harris County, Houston, Texas in the Piney Point office Building. Schedule your appointment today and start your journey to better health! |
New Delhi, 09 December 2023: In a landmark achievement, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) has won the prestigious CII EXIM Bank Award for Business Excellence 2023.
This award is a testament to the company’s unwavering commitment to excellence, resilience and its ability to adapt to the dynamic business landscape. The CII-EXIM Bank Award is based on the internationally recognized European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) excellence model.
While BHEL’s Trichy unit has bagged the coveted award; its Haridwar, Bhopal, Hyderabad, Electronics Division Bengaluru, Jhansi, Ranipet and Project Engineering Management units/divisions have won the Platinum recognition. In addition, the company’s Northern Region and Eastern Region construction divisions have received the Gold Plus recognition.
The awards were received by Sh. J.P. Srivastava, Director (E, R&D) and Director (Finance) – Addl. Charge along with the teams from Corporate Quality and the respective divisions during the 31st CII Excellence Summit at Bengaluru. |
c0lo writes "A Chinese Long March rocket is scheduled to blast off to the Moon on Sunday evening at about 6pm UTC carrying a small robotic rover that will touch down on to the lunar surface in about two weeks' time – the first soft landing on the Earth's only natural satellite since 1976. China has been methodically and patiently building up the key elements needed for an advanced space programme — from launchers to manned missions in Earth orbit to unmanned planetary craft — and it is investing heavily. After only 10 years since it independently sent its first astronaut into space, China is forging ahead with a bold three-step programme beginning with the robotic exploration of possible landing sites for the first Chinese astronauts to set foot on lunar soil between 2025 and 2030. Prof Ouyang Ziyuan of the department of lunar and deep space exploration and an adviser to the mission commented to the BBC on the scale of Chinese thinking about the Moon. He said the forthcoming venture would land in an ancient crater 400km wide called Sinus Iridum, thought to be relatively flat and clear of rocks, and explore its geology. China.org.cn promised live coverage of the event." |
The term superstructure refers to the part of a building above its foundations. This Section will help you navigate the parts of this Guide that will help in your construction of the superstructure.
TWO SAMPLE MODELS FOR A HUT
In this section of this Guide you will find details of two structural models (with further drawings found in Appendices 1 and 2).
If you follow these models you will meet Standard 1.1 of Schedule 5 of the Building Regulations (as detailed in Which part of the Building Regulations refers to huts) and therefore will not require a Building Warrant. If you choose to use an alternative design, the Section also gives important guidance that may be followed by your appointed engineer.
Don’t forget that an alternative to the models presented herein will need to follow this Guide in all other areas that are signalled as mandatory, if exemption from Building Warrant is to be achieved.
Types of huts explains what types of hut this Guide deals with and which it does not cover. The guidance given in this Section accordingly mainly deals with light weight, timber-framed structures and does not deal with a variety of other types of possible hut structure - all of which will require you to appoint a structural engineer to help design.
The two models presented in this Guide, and detailed in below, have been fully engineered and represent the two principle types of timber framing that are likely to be used in hut design. They are:
Bolted timber post and beam (“timber frame construction” in USA)
Stud framed (“timber frame” in Scotland)
It should be specifically noted that this Guide does not cover (a) traditional mortise and tenon jointed post and beam structures such as associated with green oak framing in Scotland (b) stacked log systems whether natural or machined which must be fully engineered. Many cabin or hut kits of these latter types are available on the market and although they are mostly structurally robust, very few carry structural certification.
Before looking in more detail at the two structural systems below there are two general points regarding the use of timber in construction which apply to all types of structure and which must be carefully considered: that of structural timber strength and treatment, as detailed below.
WHICH TYPE OF SUPER STRUCTURE
This Section shows two sample models for the construction of a hut which could comply with the new regulations around building Type 23A.
The sample models we include here are:
These sample huts have been designed by the authors, Peter Caunt and Bernard Planterose, and have been assessed by our structural engineers to ensure soundness, stability and safety (although this cannot account for site-related constraints).
The world of hut construction is very diverse, with many creative possibilities, materials choices, challenges and opportunities. It is not possible for this document to cover all those options, and we do not attempt to do this. Instead we have focused on two basic timber hut construction methods which have been assessed and developed in relation to the new legislation on huts and building regulations. Any prospective hut builder can choose to adopt one of these construction methods, and can follow the guidance in this document to ensure that they are complying with the Scottish Government’s regulations.
SUPER STRUCTURE TYPE -
POST & BEAM ENGINEERED MODEL
Post and beam construction is one of the oldest and most globally utilised of all timber construction types. It may be chosen in hut building for a variety of reasons including:
The physical, sculptural beauty of the frame when left exposed internally, externally or both
The direct and readily understandable structural principles
The pleasure and ease of using large sections of timber which may be locally sourced
The possibility of utilising skills and craftsmanship to immediately enjoyable effect
Its adaptation to many skill levels even to relative beginners
Its remarkable speed
Its particular adaptability to a small team or community approach involving frame raising for instance
Stimulating woodland management for the ecological benefits of larger sections and longer rotations
It is particularly applicable for single-skinned (uninsulated) constructions where the frame is to be left exposed and un-compromised. It is difficult to retro-insulate a post and beam frame effectively and, if not planned from the beginning, you will lose a lot of the beauty of the frame and therefore a large part of the advantage of framing by this method.
Where a post and beam frame is to be insulated, it is most economic to utilise the insulated layer as part of the structural solution. In other words a hybrid structure is designed which will require the assistance of an experienced structural engineer to ensure soundness of construction.
Structural principles - loads
Simple hut-scaled post and beam buildings are best thought of in frames (known as bents in the USA) and bays. A one bay hut has two bents, a two bay hut has three bents and so on. See drawing L11 in Appendix 1. Frames are often made on the ground and raised by either mechanical means or by communal human strength often involving ropes and winches.
The main structural principle of post and beam buildings is that the load of the roof (both live and static loads) is transmitted entirely down the posts to the ground/foundation.
The weight of the walls and any upper platform is also transmitted laterally by beams to the posts and then down through the posts to the ground. When imposed wind, snow and occupancy loads are added, we can calculate the loads imposed by each post on the ground. It is clear that the foundation must be able to take this load without subsistence or fracture. Three of the four foundation types in Types of foundations of this Guide are designed for these loads.
Structural principles - racking and sheathing
Racking is the technical term for a wall or frame distorting under load and is dealt with by carefully designed bracing. This is usually in the form of either (a) large beams forming triangles of structure or (b) knee braces, most often at the tops of posts where they are crossed either by eaves beams (walls) or summer beams (supporting upper floor joists). It is necessary to consider racking both across the long and short axes of a building and prevent both. Racking of rafters can also take place so that roof bracing is often also required.
Racking in post and beam buildings occurs when joints fail - most often due to (a) tearing or splitting of timber around bolts (b) too few or too small bolts (c) bolts too close to edge or end of timber members splitting out.
An alternative means of bracing in post and beam is to use the walls. In this case the rules pertaining to stud frames as shown in drawing L23 Appendix 2 should be followed.
Jointing and over sizing structure
As noted above (Superstructure), traditional mortise and tenon jointed post and beam frames (like those used in green oak framing) are not covered by this Guide and will always require a structural engineer to certify. The engineered model presented here utilises simple bolts and contemporary heavy duty, self-drilling timber screws which are now readily available on the market. It is essential to follow the rules on the edge distances for drilling holes and bolting and to take care to use the specified bolt and screw sizes. Joint failure can be catastrophic.
Whilst generally against the grain of long-standing engineering principles, over-sizing of timber dimensions is advised in small-scale post and beam building. If you do not want to use and see a lot of timber then post and beam building should not be your choice! Using a lot of timber can be justified in terms of fixing a lot of carbon and making good use of a local timber resource (where there is an adequate and sustainably managed one!). It also gives more lee-way for error by amateur self-builders.
The choice of post dimension is an early and fundamental decision in post and beam design. At hut scale it will be quite normal and well advised to use large posts. Apart from the aesthetic pleasures of large section timber, large posts accommodate multiple strong beam connections more readily.
The situation where two beams meet at a single post in the same plane is particularly pertinent. In order to achieve the minimum bolting dimensions (see Appendix 3) you will need a certain width of post.
Whilst various beam scarfing (joining) techniques and shear pin connectors can reduce this width, it is often simplest just to start with a big post, especially where you are site milling and time rather than volume of materials is of the essence.
Steel flitch plates and shoes
The use of steel plates within joints or along whole lengths of timber is a common way of engineering post and beam timber frames but we have not considered these in this Guide due to increased costs which are not necessarily warranted at hut scale. Designed by an experienced structural engineer, steel flitch plates can however be used to almost eliminate triangulation in many structures and to confer exceptional structural integrity, larger clear spans and greater imposed loads.
Fabricated steel shoes are the preferred way of fixing the base of posts to concrete foundations. The models illustrated give an engineered design for such shoes. There are many local blacksmiths capable of making your design at low cost and they should be able to have them galvanised thus avoiding maintenance in the future.
SUPER STRUCTURE TYPE -
STUD FRAMED ENGINEERED MODEL
Stud framing is the simplest type of timber framing and, in Scotland, denotes a type of nailed (and sometimes partly screwed) framing where spacings are controlled rigorously by sheathing panel dimensions (generally 1200 x 2400 mm). This principle is applied to floors, walls and roofs.
Where the frame is to be insulated, the structure will be completely concealed within a sheathed wall or roof and, in this case, the joinery can be relatively ‘rough’ and achieved almost entirely with a nail gun. An internally exposed stud frame, by contrast, may even be of dressed timber and very carefully jointed to present a highly finished and beautiful interior.
Structural principles - loads
In complete contrast to post and beam framing, the structural principle of the stud frame is to distribute the loads of walls, roofs and upper floors rather evenly down to a solid base/foundation through the walls. Again in contrast to post and beam which erects frames onto the foundations allowing the completion of the roof first, the sequence of construction in stud framing will involve the formation of a floor platform onto which wall frame panels are erected. Multiple rafters are then located on the wall heads joined at a ridge plate or prefabricated trusses installed.
Wall frames can be ‘stick built’ (piece by piece in situ) or fabricated as complete walls or sections of walls either on- or off-site. A common way is to make them on the ground within the footprint of the building and raise them into position with one side sheathed on the ground.
An alternative to the raised timber floor platform is a ground bearing slab, which is not considered by this Guide because it is not considered a low impact foundation.
Structural principles - racking and sheathing
A second principle of stud framing is that the sheathing stops the frame from racking. This racking strength is usually only conferred by one layer of sheathing on one side of the frame. Plywood, OSB and a variety of vapour permeable boards can all provide the necessary racking strength. In this Guide we use OSB and proprietary racking grade MDF. The studs laid edge on to the inner and outer sheathing give the rigidity across the plane. In the model with lean-to, the ‘central’ wall performs an important anti-racking function and cannot be removed without substitution of alternative structural arrangements. Such a variation will need engineering and certification.
Traditionally racking was achieved by cutting diagonal members between one pair of studs on each elevation. This method can be used in Appendix two where use of sheathing is deemed inadequate.
Voids are created which can be insulated (see Section 11 insulation). Simple gun nailing with 90 mm framing nails is appropriate but ensure that these are galvanised and intended for framing. Fixing of the sheathing to the frames would be done with 50 mm galvanised ring shank nails. Alternatively you can of course hand nail with 100 and 50 mm galvanised nails.
STRUCTURAL TIMBER STRENGTH
All structural timber MUST be strength graded when used in structural applications to meet the requirements of Building Type 23A and therefore to allow for Building Warrant exemption. This can be done by machine as marked on merchant timber or by visual grading by a qualified visual strength grader (available from some sawmills).
For the models described and endorsed by this Guide you require graded solid softwood timber which is easily procured from timber merchants. The grades detailed in Appendix 1 and 2 are C16 and 24 normally pine or spruce.
Home grown pine, spruce and fir visually graded to General Standard (GS) are designated C14 although larch may be designated C16. Higher Special Structural (SS) grades of timber of homegrown species may also be visually graded as follows: pine C22; spruce C18; Douglas fir C 18; larch C24. Home-grown Douglas fir with cross sectional area greater than 20,000 sq mm may be graded to C24 but such sections are not used in the models in this Guide.
Hut builders attempting to use locally sourced and possibly even site-milled timber face particularly challenging decisions regarding choice of species which may in practice be determined largely by availability and cost.
Douglas fir and larch will be favoured for durability and strength but spruce and pine are usually cheaper and more readily available. Each timber has its different aesthetic and performance qualities but, as far as this Section goes, it is the strength grade to which the timber has been graded that matters, and so long as this achieves C16 or C24 then it can be used for structure.
Purchased from a merchant, structurally graded timber will generally be kiln dried (KD) but locally or site milled timber is unlikely to be.
Timber does not attain its full structural strength until dried and should not therefore be structurally graded or used in structural components until it reaches an average moisture content of less than 20% with no single reading greater than 24%.
Note that timber more than 100mm thick cannot be visually strength graded and often has to be used with a higher moisture content, eg. in the posts of post and beam framing and in log building.
STRUCTURAL TIMBER TREATMENT
(More on timber treatment including for non-structural elements can be found in Wall Cladding)
Where structure is of a durable timber such as heartwood of larch or oak and/or well ventilated it will not need further treatment. Where enclosed in an insulated wall of a non-vapour permeable type (see figure 11A) it will need to be treated. If purchased from a merchant this will present no difficulty but where site milling is taking place it presents a challenge. One solution is to use a vapour permeable wall. Although materials are more expensive for this wall/roof type they do allow use of local material where otherwise it might be very unwise.
In certain foundation types (see Types of foundations of this Guide) timber structure is exposed to the elements and will require treatment unless built of a naturally durable species. For other species you should surface coat with a preservative followed by at least two coats of high quality paint or stain, paying special attention to saturating any end grain.
Timber that is entirely internal of whatever species does not require treatment. In many types of post and beam structures, it is only a small part of the posts that protrude into the external environment below the floor. Detailing should ensure that these areas are clear of the splash zone and separated by a membrane or by lead from any part of the foundation. Preservative should also be applied regularly to such critical exposed parts of the structure.
In the models presented here, we have been careful to separate the structural frame from the secondary roof structure. This principle is not followed in a simple, uninsulated post and beam frame where any protruding roof members should also be surface treated if not of durable timber and always detailed to ensure that none are exposed to frequent wetting.
DURABILITY OF TIMBER
Durability classes: 1 = durable; 5 = not durable. Treatability: 1 = easy; 3 = difficult. This table is taken from BS-EN 350-2. |
मेष पॉजिटिव चंद्रमा गोचर कुंडली के दसवें भाव में रहेगा। इससे आपको धन लाभ हो सकता है। जिन लोगों से आपको पैसे लेने हैं, उनसे वसूली भी कर सकते हैं। सोचे हुए पुराने काम भी शुरू हो सकते हैं। आपके लिए दिन अच्छा है। किसी तरह के निवेश की योजना भी बन सकती है। आज आप बिल और देनदारियां भी चुका देंगे। कार्यक्षेत्र या ऑफिस से जुड़ी योजनाएं पूरी हो सकती हैं। ऑफिस और बिजनेस में आपके फैसले बड़ा फायदा देंगे।
नेगेटिव कुछ अनचाही घटनाएं भी हो सकती हैं। उनसे बचने का मौका आपको शायद ही मिल पाएगा। दोस्तों या आसपास के लोगों पर खर्चा बढ़ सकता है। चुनौतीपूर्ण दिन होगा।
क्या करें पानी में केसर, चंदन और हल्दी मिलाकर पैसे रखने की जगह पर छिटें।
लव- लव लाइफ में सुख मिलेगा। पार्टनर आपको समय देगा।
करियर- बिजनेस में कोई रिस्क न लें। लोगों को उधार पैसा देने से भी बचें। स्टूडेंट्स के लिए दिन ठीक-ठीक ही रहेगा। कोई खास सफलता नहीं मिलेगी।
हेल्थ- थकान और आलस्य रहेगा। पुराने रोग से परेशान हो सकते हैं।
वृष पॉजिटिव अचानक कोई अच्छी खबर या आइडिया आपको मिल सकता है। लोगों का ध्यान आप पर रहेगा। चंद्रमा गोचर कुंडली के किस्मत के घर में होगा। जिसके प्रभाव से ज्यादातर काम पूरे होंगे। पुराने दोस्त या किसी चाहने वाले से मुलाकात हो सकती है। कुछ ऐसी बातें या चीजें सामने आएंगी जो आपको आने वाले दिनों में बड़ा फायदा दे सकती है। किसी के साथ अनबन चल रही है, तो सुलह हो सकती है। कोई बीमारी थी, तो वह भी ठीक हो सकती है। किस्मत का साथ मिल सकता है और रुका हुआ पैसा भी। जिस प्लानिंग पर काफी दिनों से विचार चल रहा है, उसे शुरू करें तो फायदा भी होगा।
नेगेटिव बिना मांगे किसी को भी सलाह देने से बचें, वरना आप परेशान हो सकते हैं। वृष राशि के लोग अपनी वाणी पर कंट्रोल रखें। आप दोहरी बातों से खुद के लिए परेशानी भी खड़ी कर सकते हैं। सावधान रहें।
क्या करें सौंफ खाएं।
लव- पार्टनर के साथ कहीं घूमने जा सकते हैं। अपने मन की बातें विपरीत लिंग वाले से शेयर करेंगे। लव लाइफ के उलझे हुए मामले सुलझ सकते हैं।
करियर- काम में मन कम लगेगा। धन लाभ हो सकता है। वाणी पर संयम रखें। स्टूडेंट्स फालतू बातों में न उलझें। जबरदस्ती पढ़ाई में मन लगाना पड़ सकता है।
हेल्थ- पुराने रोग भी दूर होंगे। आपकी सेहत पहले से ठीक रहेगी।
मिथुन पॉजिटिव कहीं से आपको कुछ निवेश की सलाह मिल सकती है। पुराना निवेश भी आज आपके लिए फायदेमंद होगा। अपनी प्लानिंग गुप्त रखेंगे तो सफल हो जाएंगे। आपके सोचे हुए ज्यादातर काम पूरे भी हो सकते हैं। सोच-समझकर निवेश करेंगे। आज आप ज्यादा सोच-विचार कर कुछ ऐसे काम करेंगे जिससे नुकसान से बच जाएंगे।
नेगेटिव नकारात्मक बातों से मानसिक तनाव बढ़ सकता है। दोस्तों और भाइयों की मदद नहीं मिल पाएगी। जो गलती आपसे पहले हो चुकी है, उससे आप बच नहीं सकते हैं। कोई नया काम शुरू करने से पहले सावधान रहें। परेशानियां आपको बिजी रख सकती हैं। निवेश सावधानी से करें। चंद्रमा गोचर कुंडली के आठवें भाव में होने से आपके लिए दिन ठीक नहीं रहेगा। आपको सावधान रहना होगा। सेहत संबंधी परेशानियां रहेंगी।
क्या करें पके हुए चावल में घी और शक्कर मिलाकर मंदिर में चढ़ाएं।
लव- जाने-अनजाने में पार्टनर आपको इमोशनली हर्ट भी कर सकता है। खुद को संभालें।
करियर- अचानक धन हानि की संभावना है। कुछ मामलों में वर्क प्लेस पर मदद नहीं मिल सकेगी। सावधान रहें। स्टूडेंट्स के लिए समय अनुकूल है।
हेल्थ- पेट की तकलीफ से परेशानी बढ़ सकती है। किसी तरह की एलर्जी हो सकती है।
कर्क पॉजिटिव गोचर कुंडली के सातवें भाव में चंद्रमा होने से डेली रूटीन के कामों से धन लाभ और फायदा हो सकता है। किस्मत का साथ मिलेगा। कई सवालों के जवाब भी मिल सकते हैं। कन्फ्यूजन की स्थिति खत्म होगी। किसी बात पर मायूस होने की जरूरत नहीं है। महत्वपूर्ण काम भी निपट जाएंगे। जो आपको बड़ा फायदा देगा। किसी अधूरे काम को पूरा करने के बाद आपको फायदा हो सकता है।
नेगेटिव सावधान रहें। खर्चा बढ़ सकता है। पुरानी देनदारी भी सामने आ सकती है। मन में हल्की बेचैनी हो सकती है। घर और कार्यक्षेत्र दोनों जगह परेशानी वाला माहौल बन सकता हैं। दोस्तों पर फालतू खर्चा भी हो सकता है।
क्या करें पेन या बहीखाते पर मौली बांधे।
लव- अविवाहित लोगों के लिए दिन शुभ है। प्रेम प्रस्ताव मिल सकता है।
करियर- कोई विवाद भी होने की संभावना है, लेकिन पार्टनर से सहयोग भी मिलेगा। वाणी पर संयम रखें। स्टूडेंट्स के लिए दिन अच्छा है। जॉब में सफलता मिलेगी।
हेल्थ- सेहत सामान्य रहेगी। पुराने रोगों में राहत मिल सकती है।
सिंह पॉजिटिव प्रॉपर्टी के कामों से धन लाभ होने के योग बन रहे हैं। बैंकिंग सेक्टर से जुड़े लोगों के लिए दिन अच्छा है। आप पूरे जोश में रहेंगे और साथ ही अपनी बुद्धि का भी उपयोग करेंगे। आपके लिए दिन अच्छा है। धैर्य से काम लें। नकारात्मक विचारों और ऐसे ही माहौल से दूर रहने की कोशिश करें। दिनभर पैसों के ही बारे में सोचते रहेंगे। दोस्तों के साथ समय बीतेगा। मनपसंद भोजन भी मिल सकता है। अविवाहित लोगों को प्रेम प्रस्ताव मिल सकते हैं।
नेगेटिव गोचर कुंडली के छठे भाव में चंद्रमा होने के कारण पुराने दुश्मनों से सामना हो सकता है। आपकी थोड़ी-सी लापरवाही के कारण भी विवाद हो सकता है। थोड़ा सावधान रहें। संभलकर रहें। हर काम किसी पर पूरी तरह डिपेंड होकर न करें तो ही अच्छा है।
लव- पार्टनर की सेहत पर ध्यान दें। आपको थोड़ी दौड़-भाग करनी पड़ सकती है।
करियर- कार्यक्षेत्र में दौड़-धूप होगी और आप परेशान रहेंगे। स्टूडेंट्स के लिए दिन नकारात्मक रहेगा। एक्स्ट्रा मेहनत करनी पड़ सकती है।
हेल्थ- कमर और बदन दर्द भी रहेगा। सावधान रहें।
कन्या पॉजिटिव आगे बढ़ने के मौके मिल सकते हैं। गोचर कुंडली के पांचवें भाव में चंद्रमा होने से फायदा होगा। रोजमर्रा के काम समय पर पूरे हो जाएंगे। वर्क प्लेस पर भी मदद मिलेगी। कोई राज की बात पता चल सकती है। जो भी काम करेंगे उससे आपको कुछ न कुछ फायदा तो जरूर होगा। धन लाभ हो सकता है। आप जिस ऑर्गनाइजेशन या डिपार्टमेंट में काम करते हैं वहां कोई बदलाव भी हो सकता है। नए काम या नए व्यक्ति का सकारात्मक असर आपके रूटीन पर पड़ सकता है। घूमने-फिरने के लिए समय अच्छा है। कुछ नया करने और आगे बढ़ने के लिए खुद को समय दें।
नेगेटिव रोजमर्रा और महत्वपूर्ण कामों को पूरा करने में मेहनत ज्यादा करनी पड़ सकती है। अपने व्यवहार में कठोरता लाने से आपको कुछ नुकसान हो सकता है। कई काम एक साथ करने की सोचेंगे तो आप परेशान भी हो सकते हैं। किसी भी फैसले में जल्दबाजी न करें। कई बार भ्रम की स्थिति भी बन सकती है और आप फंस सकते हैं। चाटुकारिता करने से किसी स्थिति में उलझ भी सकते हैं, सावधान रहें।
लव- पार्टनर का मूड अच्छा रहेगा। आप एक-दूसरे की भावनाओं को समझेंगे।
करियर- बिजनेस में नए संबंध बनेंगे। कार्यक्षेत्र में सम्मान और सहयोग मिलेगा। स्टूडेंट्स के लिए समय अच्छा है। मेहनत से ही सफलता मिलेगी।
हेल्थ- मानसिक और शारीरिक थकान हो सकती है।
तुला पॉजिटिव स्थितियों में थोड़े बदलाव आ सकते हैं। साथ काम करने वालों से मदद मिलेगी। आगे बढ़ने की कोशिश करें। जिन चुनौतियों का सामना कर रहे थे, आपको उनके बारे मे कोई नई बात भी समझ में आ सकती है। आपके साथ कुछ न कुछ अच्छा होगा। कोई खास बात भी सीखने को मिलेगी। नौकरी और बिजनेस में बदलाव का मन बनेगा। माता का सहयोग भी मिलेगा।
नेगेटिव चंद्रमा गोचर कुंडली के चौथे भाव में रहेगा इसलिए कुछ नया काम करने से बचें। मानसिक अस्थिरता के कारण परेशान हो सकते हैं। भावनात्मक तौर पर कमजोरी या खालीपन जैसा महसूस होगा। पैसों की कमी महसूस होगी। निवेश के लिहाज से दिन अच्छा नहीं है। सावधान रहें। जिद से आपके काम बिगड़ सकते हैं। इससे आपको कहीं कुछ न कुछ नुकसान भी हो सकता है।
क्या करें पान के पत्ते पर पूजा की सुपारी रखकर गणेश मंदिर में चढ़ाएं।
लव- अविवाहित लोगों की लव लाइफ अच्छी रहेगी। तुला राशि के लोग किसी के सामने प्रेम प्रस्ताव भी रख सकते हैं। इसमें आपको सफलता मिलेगी।
करियर- कार्यक्षेत्र में अधिकारियों से मदद मिलेगी। बिजनेस सामान्य रहेगा। स्टूडेंट्स मानसिक रुप से परेशान हो सकते हैं। आज आप कोई बड़ा फैसला भी लेने से बचें। जो जैसा चल रहा है, चलने दें।
हेल्थ- मानसिक रुप से परेशान हो सकते हैं। खान-पान में सावधानी रखें।
वृश्चिक पॉजिटिव आपका परफॉर्मेंस अच्छा हो सकता है और आसपास के लोग आपसे प्रभावित होंगे। पुरानी टेंशन खत्म होगी। चंद्रमा गोचर कुंडली के पराक्रम भाव में बैठकर भाग्य भाव को देख रहा है। इससे किस्मत का साथ मिलेगा और फायदा भी जरूर होगा। खुद पर ध्यान देंगे। आज आप अपने काम में सकारात्मक बदलाव करने में कामयाब रहेंगे। खुद के लिए खरीददारी हो सकती है। आज वृश्चिक राशि के लोग सक्रिय रहेंगे। दोस्तों और भाइयों से अचानक सहयोग मिल सकता है। दोस्तों के साथ हंसी-मजाक होगा। नई योजनाएं बनेंगी। भागीदारी में आपके द्वारा लिए गए फैसले फायदेमंद होंगे।
नेगेटिव अचानक यात्रा हो सकती है या किया हुआ कोई काम फिर से करना पड़ सकता है। कुछ फैसले इस तरह हो जाएंगे कि आपको पता भी नहीं चलेगा। परिवार में या थोड़े दूर के रिश्तेदार आज चिड़चिड़े भी हो सकते हैं। आसपास के लोग भी आपकी शिकायतें किसी से कर सकते हैं। बेतुकी बातें भी आपके सामने आ सकती हैं। दिनभर मेहनत भी ज्यादा करनी होगी। किसी व्यक्ति से कुछ अनबन हो सकती है।
क्या करें किसी गरीब बच्चे को गुड़ खिलाएं।
लव- पार्टनर से सहयोग और धन लाभ होगा। लव प्रपोजल के लिए भी दिन अच्छा है।
करियर- बिजनेस में कोई छोटा या बड़ा फायदा हो सकता है। कार्यक्षेत्र में अच्छा प्रदर्शन करेंगे। स्टूडेंट्स के लिए समय थोड़ा नकारात्मक हो सकता है। सावधान रहें।
हेल्थ- पेट खराब रहेगा। मुंह या गले मे छाले हो सकते हैं।
धनु पॉजिटिव दोस्तों और परिवार वालों से सहयोग मिलेगा। रुका हुआ पैसा मिल सकता है। बुद्धि और मीठी वाणी से आप आसपास वालों का दिल जीत लेंगे। दुश्मनों पर जीत मिलेगी। आज आप सही समय पर सही जगह मौजूद रहेंगे। इससे आपको ही फायदा होगा। किसी खास काम में पूरी ताकत से जुट जाएंगे और खुद को साबित करके दिखा देंगे। कोई अच्छी खबर आज आपको मिल सकती है। बेरोजगार लोगों के लिए दिन अच्छा है। नौकरी चाहिए तो नौकरी भी मिल सकती है।
नेगेटिव आज आप जिद्दी रहेंगे तो नुकसान हो सकता है। किसी गलत चीज की खरीददारी भी आज आप कर सकते हैं। किसी की बुराई करेंगे तो खुद परेशानी में फंस सकते हैं। सावधान रहें।
क्या करें आलू और गुड़ मसलकर किसी पेड़ के नीचे डाल दें।
करियर- कामकाज ज्यादा रहेगा। धैर्य रखें। करियर के मामलों में समय अनुकूल रहेगा। अच्छे परिणाम भी मिलेंगे। स्टूडेंट्स को सफलता मिलेगी।
हेल्थ- जोड़ों का दर्द परेशान करेगा। चोट लग सकती है।
मकर पॉजिटिव- खास काम पहले निपटा लें। उलझे हुए मामले निपट जाएंगे। चंद्रमा आपकी ही राशि में होने से शुभ है। ज्यादातर मामलों में दिन अच्छा रहेगा। कुछ घटनाएं या काम ऐसे होंगे जिनसे आपको बड़ा फायदा हो सकता है। चंद्रमा के प्रभाव से दिन अच्छा रहेगा। व्यवहारकुशलता और सहनशक्ति से काम लें। चीजें सुलझ जाएंगी और आपके सामने आ सकती हैं। अचानक धन लाभ होने के योग हैं। रुका हुआ पैसा मिल सकता है।
नेगेटिव कुछ चीजों की खरीददारी से नुकसान हो सकता है। सावधान रहें। पैसों को लेकर पार्टनर से अनबन हो सकती है। कोई सलाह देगा, लेकिन नौकरी और कामकाजी जिंदगी में दुश्मनों से सावधान रहें। कुछ गलत फैसले हो सकते हैं।
लव- पार्टनर की भावनाओं का सम्मान करें। आपका रिश्ता भी मजबूत हो सकता है।
करियर- खर्चा और काम दोनों ज्यादा होने से आपकी परेशानी बढ़ सकती है। स्टूडेंट्स के लिए दिन अच्छा है।
हेल्थ- गले के रोग होने के कारण परेशान रहेंगे। सावधान रहें।
कुंभ पॉजिटिव पार्टनर से सुख मिलेगा। अधिकारी आपसे खुश रहेंगे। आपकी महत्वाकांक्षा चरम पर रहेगी। बिजनेस या कार्यक्षेत्र संबंधित यात्रा हो सकती है। जितना काम करते जाएंगे, उतना ही नया सीखते जाएंगे। लोग आपकी मेहनत से प्रेरणा ले सकते हैं। किसी चिंता से भी मुक्ति मिलेगी। दूर स्थान के लोगों से आपके संबंध अच्छे रहेंगे।
नेगेटिव ऑफिस में तनावपूर्ण स्थिति बन सकती है। निपट चुके कामों में कोई न कोई गलती हो सकती है। सावधान रहें। कुछ कमी होने से परेशान भी हो सकते हैं। मेहनत के साथ काम भी ज्यादा होगा। गोचर कुंडली के बारहवें भाव में चंद्रमा होने से खर्चा बढ़ सकता है। रोजमर्रा या परिवार के कामों में भी दौड़-भाग रहेगी। आपके सामने कामकाज भी बहुत रहेगा। थकान हो सकती है।
क्या करें ऑफिस या घर का फर्नीचर साफ करवाएं।
लव- पार्टनर से फायदा होगा। सुख और प्रेम मिलेगा। संबंधों में सुधार होगा।
करियर- कार्यक्षेत्र में काम करने वाले विपरीत लिंग के लोगों से फायदा होगा। काम निपट जाएंगे। जॉब के ऑफर भी मिलेंगे।
हेल्थ- सेहत अच्छी रहेगी। मेहनत के साथ थकान भी होगी। नींद की कमी से परेशान रहेंगे।
मीन पॉजिटिव गोचर कुंडली के सितारे अच्छे हैं। निवेश के जो विकल्प या उपाय आप सोच रहे हैं, वे महत्वपूर्ण हैं। आप जो भी सोचेंगे, उसमें आपको सफलता मिल सकती है। किए गए कामों का पूरा परिणाम आपको मिल सकता है। सही समय पर निवेश करें। साझेदार से भी फायदा होगा। जमीन-जायदाद का कोई बड़ा काम आज निपट सकता है। ऑफिस या बिजनेस में नई पहल करने का समय है। करियर और सामाजिक क्षेत्र में प्रगति हो सकती है। आगे बढ़ने का कोई अच्छा मौका मिल सकता है। प्रॉपर्टी से फायदा होगा। पारिवारिक समस्याओं का समाधान होगा। कानूनी मामले भी निपट जाएंगे।
नेगेटिव काम में मन नहीं लगेगा। एक साथ कई काम करने के चक्कर में बड़ा नुकसान होने की संभावना बन रही है। दिमाग में उथल-पुथल चलती रहेगी। कोई बड़ा फैसला लेने में भी आपका कन्फ्यूजन और बढ़ सकता है। नकारात्मक विचारों से लड़ते रहेंगे।
लव- पार्टनर आपको लेकर संवेदनशील रहेगा। उसकी बातों में छुपे इशारे समझें।
करियर- कार्यक्षेत्र में सम्मान मिलेगा। रुका हुआ पैसा मिलेगा। स्टूडेंट्स के लिए दिन अच्छा है। सहयोग मिलेगा। आगे बढ़ेंगे।
हेल्थ- सेहत के मामले में दिन ठीक है। पुराने रोगों से छुटकारा मिल सकता है।
नज़रियाः जिन्ना इतिहास है आस्था नही, लेकिन गोडसे के मंदिर बनाने वाले बतायें कि गांधी का हत्यारा भगवान कैसे है?
मित्रों ! ४ साल से नेहरु जी स्मार्ट सिटी बनाने नही दे रहें है, बनाना शुरु करता हूँ तो ईंट लेकर भाग जातें है। |
Learning Scripture Mastery is useless unless they can use the verses in situations in life. Part of getting to this level is learning to recall the verses in different situations or context besides the key words. By this time in the school year they should be ready for this. The worksheet here takes the 25 Scripture Masteries and puts them in something that sounds like an Article Of Faith. Challenge them to write in the references with no helps from bookmarks or anything else. Just click on the graphic to get the worksheet. Thanks Brother Nelson for sharing.
I recently presented to my teachers ideas for teaching the War Chapters. While giving lesson ideas, I wanted to demonstrate how quickly you could go to some key verses, give a good “Look for”, follow up with good questions, and then have the students come up with good “Take Aways” that you hope would stick with them. The text in Red is what I might invite them to write in their own scriptures. Short and sweet. Remember the key to teaching the War Chapters is after talking about their literal warfare, ask what it teaches about our "spiritual warfare" we are engaged in each day.
Hope this is helpful. I am sending this as a PDF rather than a PowerPoint because of size. Also, there is nothing here which would require you to use a PowerPoint or projector. I just used this in the Inservice so we would not spend so much time turning to the key sets of verses.
Here is a simple glue-in to teach about the pride cycle in Helaman and 3rd Nephi. Often when teaching the storyline in Helaman, I would stop them and point to the Pride Cycle and ask, “Where does it seem like the Nephites are on the cycle right now? Where are the Lamanites on the cycle?”. It is also good to ask them were the country is right now. Then go personally and have them think to themselves where they currently are on the cycle and what will likely happen next. Just click on the graphic to get the PDF of the glue-in.
I wanted to share with you a great bookmark a fellow teacher (Eric Bacon) shared with me. The one side has the scripture study skills listed on pages 20-23 of the Gospel Teaching & Learning handbook that you all should have. The other side is questions a student could use as they approach a set of verses. This is a great time of year to help your students keep sharp on their scripture study skills.
To use it in class, I would go through the bookmark (giving them each a copy) and then give the class a juicy set of verses from the lesson, and have them go through the verses using the skills and then have them be ready to share things they found and have them also share what skills they used. You could also divide up the whole lesson block for the day and give it to different students to do the same thing. This would take you through the whole lesson for the day.
The tab on the top of the site called “Seminary Resources” also has 6 different lessons to sharpen scripture study skills and can be used with most any scripture block you have for the day. They are just over half way down on that page.
As the glue-in explains, a chiasma is an ancient Hebrew literary form in which the author paralleles the ideas and words he used previously in reverse order. It was considered an artistic form of writing in the Bible. This literary form was not discoverd in ancient records until the late 1920s (after the day of Joseph Smith) and is thus a proof of the Book of Mormon.
Click on the image to get the glue-in and show your class how the words are repeated in the verses. Also show how the apex points to verses 17-18 and what this teaches.
A while back I came across a wonderful collection of activities using the Scripture Mastery Cards. I saved it so I could share it later. It comes from: https://www.theredheadedhostess.com/teach/seminary-teach/12-fun-scripture-mastery-card-activities/ Click on the image and you will get a bunch of wonderful ways to use the Scripture Mastery Cards with your class to help them with Scripture Mastery.
Here are a couple of worksheets I have used to teach Alma 5. They work well because they direct the students through almost the whole chapter. As usual, click on the picture to get the worksheets.
A great way I like to start Alma 5 is by going to Alma 4:19. I bring a bottle of Italian dressing to class (not shaken up) and ask them what the ingredients are (Oil, vinegar, and spices). Then I ask it they would put it on their salad as it is (not shaken and separated). Then I ask questions like, “What does the dressing have to do with Alma 4:19? What has to happen for the dressing to be good? How are people like that? What shakes or stirs people up to be good?” The point is that Alma’s people had settled down into their comfortable, easy places with the Gospel. Alma 5 was to wake them up and “stir” them up spiritually. Alma 5 will do the same with us.
This is something I gave out the Old Testament year to help students memorize the Ten Commandments and what order they are in. By the end you could be able to mention a commandment “Honor Father and Mother” and they could be able to say which one it is, “That’s the 5th commandment”.
Here is a short explanation
1. Looks like when someone is saying “We’re #1”. But who is really #1? (God). Thus “Thou shalt have no other God’s before me.”
2. Looks like a snake. “Thou shalt not make… any graven image” Like making a serpent and worshiping it.
3. A 3 on its side bends in the middle just like the top lip. This is the commandment we break with our lips –“Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord…in vain”.
4. A four upside-down looks like a chair could be in church. Keep the Sabbath day holy.
5. The number 5 is square at the top part (fathers are square), and round at the bottom (mothers are more shapely). “Honor thy father and thy mother”.
6. The number 6 on its side almost looks like a gun. “Thou shalt not kill.”
7. The number 7 on its side could look like a bed frame. “Thou shalt not commit adultery.
8. When you steal they put you in handcuffs and handcuffs put together almost look like the number 8. “Thou shalt not steal.”
9. The 9 is made to look like a bear. “Thou shalt not bear false witness.”
10. If you bend the 1 in 10, it almost looks like a CO. “Thou shalt not COvet…”
Make sure you quiz them often by throwing out a number and they give the commandment, or vice versa.
One of the toughest parts of Scripture Mastery is helping students learn the reference from the key words. A teacher suggested that I put together the new mnemonics on a one page handout like I’ve done with past years. This can help you go over a group of them on a given day.
I suggest on one day of the week, you go over 8 or 12 of them, let them practice with each other, and then focus on those when doing activities and games with scripture mastery. This way, in a few weeks, you would have gone over and practiced all of the 25 Scripture Mastery mnemonics. There are instructions on the handout of how to use mnemonics effectively.
Under the “Scripture Mastery” tab at the top of the website, you will see “Book of Mormon Scripture Mastery” where you will see other uses with the mnemonics and learning the scripture masteries.
Sorry it has been a while since sharing a scripture Mastery game. This is a game I shared a while back, but with the changes with the new scripture mastery scriptures, I had to update the game board sheets. Here I have updated the sheets for all 4 years of seminary so you can use this any time in the future.
Before you can have effective scripture chasing, your students first need to start learning the references to the key words or clues. This game sharpens that skill. It will also help you see who is your fastest. Click on the graphic to download the full instructions and also the game board for all 4 years of seminary.
Click Here to see more Scripture Mastery Games.
Click Here to teach them ways to remember the key words to the references for the Book of Mormon. |
यूनिवर्सिटी के एक प्रोफ़ेसर ने अपने विद्यार्थियों को एक एसाइनमेंट दिया। विषय था मुंबई की धारावी झोपड़पट्टी में रहते १० से १३ साल की उम्र के लड़कों के बारे में अध्यन करना और उनके घर की तथा सामाजिक परिस्थितियों की समीक्षा करके भविष्य में वे क्या बनेंगे, इसका अनुमान निकालना। कॉलेज विद्यार्थी काम में लग गए। झोपड़पट्टी के २०० बच्चो के घर की पृष्ठभूमिका, मा-बाप की परिस्थिति, वहाँ के लोगों की जीवनशैली और शैक्षणिक स्तर, शराब तथा नशीले पदार्थो के सेवन , ऐसे कई सारे पॉइंट्स पर विचार किया गया । तदुपरांत हर एक लडके के विचार भी गंभीरतापूर्वक सुने तथा नोट किये गए।
मित्रों , प्रेम व स्नेह से पशु भी वश हो जाते है। मधुर संगीत सुनाने से गौ भी अधिक दूध देने लगती है। मधुर वाणी-व्यवहार से पराये भी अपने हो जाते है। जो भी काम हम करे थोड़ा स्नेह-प्रेम और मधुरता की मात्रा उसमे मिला के करने लगे तो हमारी दुनिया जरुर सुन्दर होगी। |
Kiokee Church, the first Baptist Church to be constituted in Georgia, was organized in the Spring of 1772, by the Rev. Daniel Marshall, one of the founders of the Baptist denomination in Georgia. A meeting house was built, and the Rev. Daniel Marshall became the first pastor, ministering from his headquarters at Kiokee to an ever increasing number of Baptists in the area.
In October, 1784, the preliminary meeting for the organization of a Georgia Baptist Association was held at Kiokee Church. The Rev. Daniel Marshall died November 2, 1784, and some time later the church was moved to Appling and a new brick edifice erected.
Kiokee Baptist Church was incorporated December 23, 1789, as "The Anabaptist Church on Kiokee", with Abram Marshall, William Willingham, Edmund Cartledge, John Landers, James Simms, Joseph Ray and Lewis Gardner as Trustees. |
practices have a wide-scale impact on monarch habitat. A butterfly
garden can be an important place for a monarch to refuel.
her farm in Loda, Illinois, Sheila Daniels wrote:
observed around 100 monarchs resting and feeding today
in our front yard butterfly garden. We live out in the country.
We are surrounded by corn and soybean fields for miles
in each direction so we are an oasis."
Explore the satellite snapshot of Loda, Illinois on Google
your mouse, "fly" across the landscape. Measure how
many miles this patchwork pattern of cropland extends. Where could
a monarch find nectar?
Find out how you can protect monarch habitat. |
अमेरिका के ट्रंप प्रशासन ने एच१बी वीजा जारी करने के नियम सख्त कर दिए हैं जिससे यहां खास कर जॉब-वर्क करने वाली भारतीय सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी कंपनियों के लिए अल्पकालिक अवधि के लिए भारत से कुशलकर्मियों को बुलाने में भारी दिक्कतें हो सकती है।
ट्रंप सरकार ने एच१बी वीजा जारी करने के नियम सख्त कर दिए हैं जिससे यहां खास कर जॉब-वर्क करने वाली भारतीय सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी कंपनियों के लिए अल्पकालिक अवधि के लिए भारत से कुशलकर्मियों को बुलाने में भारी दिक्कतें हो सकती है।
सरकार यह वीजा ऐसे कर्मचारियों के लिए जारी करती है जो बहुत उच्च कौशल प्राप्त होते हैं और उस तरह के हुनरमंद लोगों की अमेरिका में कमी होती है। सरकार ने कल सात पृष्ठ का एक नीतिगत दस्तावेज जारी किया जिसमें एच१बी वीजा के नए नियम जारी किए गए हैं।
इसके तहत अमेरिका के नागरिकता और आव्रजन विभाग को यह वीजा केवल तीसरे पक्ष के साइट कार्य (कार्यस्थल) की अवधि तक के लिए जारी करने की ही अनुमति होगी। इस तरह इसकी अवधि तीन साल से कम की हो सकती है जबकि पहले यह एक बार में तीन साल के लिए दिया जाता था।
यह नियम लागू हो गया है। इसके लिए ऐसा समय चुना गया है जबकि १ अक्तूबर २0१8-१9 से शुरु होने वाले वित्त वर्ष के लिए एच१बी वीजा के आवेदन २ अप्रैल से आमंत्रित किए जा सकते हैं। |
StoryImage( ‘/Images/Story//Auto-img-11382207427078.jpg’, ”, ‘A very large group of animals There are more than 80,000 species of snails and slugs. These gastropods belong to the group of animals known as molluscsa phylum that also includes clams, oysters, and the octopus and squid. Of all the molluscs, only snails and slugs can live on land. The largest snail is the Giant African snail, with a shell reaching 11 inches. (This creature is often illegally imported into the U.S. as a pet; it has a significant risk as an invasive pest and a carrier of dangerous parasites.) Several tiny species of land snail compete for the title of smallest, at just a fraction more than 1 millimeter in size.’);
StoryImage( ‘/Images/Story//Auto-img-11382207797064.jpg’, ”, ‘One of our regions tiniest snails Gastrocopta tappaniana is less than ‘);
StoryImage( ‘/Images/Story//Auto-img-11382208147077.jpg’, ”, ‘Iowa Pleistocene Snail Discus macclintocki was first discovered as an Ice Age fossil, believed to be extinct. Then in 1940, this snail was found alive in Iowa. Although endangered, it survives in isolated habitats in our region.’);
StoryImage( ‘/Images/Story//Auto-img-11382208558060.jpg’, ”, ‘Fossil gastropods The shells of 450 million-year-old sea snails are perhaps as common’);
Snails and slugs quietly succeed in natures survival of the fittest
Some people are disgusted by these slimy creatures, while others find them entirely fascinating. As one of the longest-lived groups of multicellular animals on earth, with ancestors living half a billion years ago, snails and slugs deserve at least a little respect. These creatures belong to the class of animals known as gastropodsa scientific name meaning stomach-foot, referring to the way they crawl along on their bellies.
Snails typically have spiral shells that are either flattened or long and spired, while slugs are actually snails with only a tiny piece of shell imbedded in their flesh. The biology and lifestyles of snails and slugs are similar. On land, they ooze along on trails of mucus, living on a diet of dead or living vegetation. Theyre usually found in moist earth or plant debris, especially in woodlands.
In our region, land snails are quite small, from the size of a pinhead up to an inch in diameter. To find them, the easiest thing to do is sort through a pile of plant debris or turn over a rotting log. They can even be found in the winter, hibernating under the soil. Like many of the other creatures youll find in this habitat, snails and slugs are important decomposers. They break down dead vegetation so its nutrients can be reused. Snails are also an important food source for insects and other arthropods, frogs and toads, snakes, turtles, birds and mammals.
Despite their invaluable service as natural decomposers, snails and slugs have earned a reputation for being pests when it comes to gardens and lawns. As garden pests, they indulge on the most succulent parts of plantsyoung sprouts and shoots, flowers, and fruit.
From the Jan. 25-31, 2006, issue |
This is your video introduction to Lesson 3.4 in the ARRL General Class License Manual. The material in the text is actually quite short, so I provide some background information to put it in context.
This entire paragraph is a side comment: In the video I mention there’s no such thing as negative power. That is in fact true of resistive loads, but not of reactive (inductive or capacitive) loads. There are two measures in the case of a reactive load. First, the “volt-amps,” which is the voltage times the current. Then there’s the power factor, which is a function of how reactive the load is. It’s a fraction between 0 and 1 and is mathematically the cosine of the phase angle between the voltage and the current. (Am I telling you that voltage can go one way while current goes another? Yes, I am, but don’t let it keep you awake at night.) You multiply the volt-amps and the power factor to come up with real power. Electrical utilities do not like reactive power because it loads down the system but doesn’t buy them anything (they sell watt-hours, not volt-amp-hours). In most cases, utility loads are inductive (the coil windings in motors, for example, are actually inductors). So the utility adds capacitance here and there to balance out the load. If that sounds really weird, don’t worry, it’s not something you need to know to pass your test, but I just thought I’d throw it in for completeness.
When you are done with this video, click here to return to the list of introductory videos. |
लंदन, २२ सितम्बर (आईएएनएस)। फिलिप नॉरमन की नई पुस्तक 'जॉन लेनन : द लाइफ' के अनुसार 'बीटल्स' के दिवंगत पॉप गायक जॉन लेनन बहुत गुस्सैल थे। गुस्से में एक बार वे अपने बेटे सीएन के कान में इतनी जोर से चीखे कि उसे कम सुनाई पड़ने लगा।
वेबसाइट 'कांटेक्ट म्यूजिक डॉट कॉम' के मुताबिक जीवनी में सीएन के हवाले से कहा गया है, "वे मुझे कांटे-छुरी से खाना सिखा रहे थे। चार साल की उम्र में मेरे लिए वह एक पहेली की तरह था। मुझे समझ ही नहीं आता था कि खाने का टुकड़ा खुद ब खुद मुंह में कैसे आ जाता है। मेरे ख्याल से उस रात मैंने कुछ ज्यादा ही गड़बड़ कर दी थी, इसलिए वे मुझसे बेहद गुस्सा हो गए और मुझ पर जोर से चीखे, जिससे मेरी श्रवण शक्ति कमजोर हो गई और मुझे अस्पताल जाना पड़ा।"
सिएन ने यह भी माना कि इस घटना के बाद लेनन अपनी हरकत से दुखी हो गए थे। सिएन कहते हैं, "मुझे याद है जब मैं जमीन पर रो रहा था और उन्होंने मुझसे माफ मांगते हुए कहा कि मुझे माफ कर दो, मुझे गुस्सा आ गया था।" |
Billions of people worldwide drink coffee to get more energy, feel more alert, and improve their athletic performance. One cup of coffee contains between 100-250 milligrams of caffeine. Caffeine is a diuretic and an alkaloid, which means it increases urination, is metabolized in the liver and excreted through the kidney. One study from Duke University suggests that caffeine often masks hunger and fatigue because it acts as a stimulant, providing a short-term boost in energy and alertness.
Coffee also contains phytochemical compounds called chlorogenic acids. These acids are an important group of biologically active and antioxidant dietary phenols. Their ability to control hunger and suppress appetite is one of the reason you feel full after a cup of coffee.
According to several studies, regular coffee reduces our risk of developing diabetes, mental illness, many cancers, and overall mortality. However, not much research has been done on how coffee might affect appetite. Although, evidence so far has indicated that coffee helps to suppress your appetite, not encourage it.
Going above the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of caffeine which is around 400 mg may cause serious health conditions. Drinking coffee in moderation may boost your metabolism and reduce your desire to eat. |
Can you see Russia from Juneau, Alaska?
From some places, yes! Alaska’s modern history dates back to the first European contact, which occurred in 1741. This is when Vitus Bering led the Russian Navy on an expedition aboard the St. Peter. Bering’s crew returned to Russia endowed with sea otter pelts—ones deemed to be the finest fur in the world. After, small alliances of fur traders began to voyage from the shorelines of Siberia towards the Aleutian islands.
When European settlement began
In 1784, the first fixed European settlement was formed. And the Russian-American Company expanded the colonization from the early to mid-1800s. Excitingly, the city of New Archangel on Kodiak Island was Alaska’s first capital. Although in 1808, Sitka became the capital of the Russian territory. Ultimately, the Russians never fully colonized Alaska, and the colony was never especially lucrative.
Challengingly, Russia found itself in a rather difficult monetary position come the late 1850s. It feared losing Russian Alaska without compensation in some future dispute. Especially to the British, with whom they had battled ten years prior in the Crimean War.
Undeniably, the Russians worried that in any future discord with Great Britain, their hard-to-defend region might become an easy target. This Great Powers calculus impacted on Tsar Alexander II in selling the territory. Mayhap in the hope of triggering a bidding war, both the British and the Americans were propositioned. Although the British had little desire to purchase Alaska. Undeterred, the Russians refocused their attention on the United States.
Post Civil War
A couple of years after the Civil War, Secretary of State William H. Seward entered negotiations with the Russians. Further, procured the Alaskan territory on March 30, 1867 for $7.2 million. While the majority public opinion backed the agreement, multiple newspapers voiced against the extortionate amount paid for the territory. They disparaged it as “Seward’s Folly,” “Seward’s Icebox,” and Andrew Johnson’s “polar bear garden.”
On April 9, 1876, the United States Senate ratified the treaty, by a vote of 37-2. That said, the appropriation of funds required to buy Alaska was put on hold for over a year due to resistance in the House of Representatives. It took until July 1868 when the House finally rubber stamped the appropriation. |
After 46 years of disaster relief, civilian evacuations, troop transports, fleet protection, and the first use of a laser weapon, USS Ponce (AFSB(I)-15) was removed from active service during a ceremony over the weekend.
In September, USS Lewis Puller (ESB-3), the purpose-built expeditionary mobile base, relieved Ponce from what had become a five-year stay in the Middle East ended.
Commissioned in 1971, Ponce was the last of the 12 Austin-class amphibious transport dock ships built, designated with hull number LPD-15. Named for the Puerto Rican city of Ponce, the ship completed 27 deployments in the North Atlantic, Caribbean, Mediterranean, Indian Ocean and Arabian Gulf.
Ponce proved to be a versatile platform, used in a variety of missions, including:
- 1990, Ponce was among the ships participating in Operation Sharp Edge, helping evacuate about 1,600 civilians from Liberia as the nation devolved into a civil war, according to a Navy statement.
- 2003, Ponce was among seven ships to form Amphibious Task Force East, which at the time, the Navy stated, was the most powerful amphibious force ever to leave the East Coast, according to a Navy statement. The task force, known as the “Magnificent Seven” and the “Beast from the East,” brought nearly 5,000 sailors, 8,000 Marines from the 2nd Marine Expeditionary Brigade, and aircraft from the 2nd Marine Air Wing, to participate in Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom.
- 2012, refitted to become an afloat forward staging base, based on the USS Kitty Hawk’s (CV-63) role as an afloat special operations staging base during Operation Enduring Freedom in 2001, according to a Navy statement. The other Austin-class amphibious transport dock ships were steadily being retired and replaced in the fleet by San Antonio class ships. Ponce was outfitted with a joint Navy and Military Sealift Command crew, comprised of active duty and civilian sailors. While support 5th Fleet and Central Command activities, Ponce conducted mine countermeasures operations and international maritime command and control missions.
- 2014, Ponce successfully deployed and operated the laser weapon system (LaWS), according to a Navy statement This 30-kilowatt experimental weapon is designed to counter small boats and unmanned aerial vehicles. |
New Metamaterial-Enhanced MRI Technique
Scientists from Leiden University Medical Center in the Netherlands and ITMO University in Russia have designed and tested a new metasurface-based technology that can enhance the local sensitivity of MRI scanners on humans. This metasurface consists of thin resonant strips that are arranged periodically. When placed under the patient's head, this metasurface provides much higher signals from the local brain region. Details of this new technology are published in Scientific Reports.
Some key benefits from the metasurfaces include a reduction in image acquisition time, improved comfort for patients and higher resolution images for better diagnosis.
MRI is commonly used for the examination of internal organs. It can provide detailed information on structural and functional damage in neurological, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and oncological conditions. But MRI scans have a lower signal-to-noise ratio and take much longer as compared to a CT or ultrasound scan. The patient often has to lie motionless within the MRI machine for up to an hour. This not only results in discomfort for the patient but also long lines in hospitals.
With this new technology, the specialists from Netherlands and Russia have been able to acquire human-MRI images with enhanced local sensitivity. According to the scientists, the use of the metasurface increased local sensitivity by 50% and enabled them to obtain higher image and spectroscopic signals from the occipital cortex.
Rita Schmidt, the first author of the paper and researcher at the Department of Radiology of Leiden University Medical Center believes the use of such devices could reduce the duration of MRI studies and also improve patient comfort.
Alexey Slobozhanyuk, research fellow at the Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials of ITMO University points out that MRI scans often have to repeated due to the lower signal-to-noise ratio. But by using their new technology, this problem can be solved. Study researchers also believe that the metasurface can increase image resolution. To date, it has not been possible to integrate metamaterials into close-fitting receive arrays but with this novel ultra-thin design, this issue could also be solved.
"Our technology can be applied for producing metamaterial-inspired ultra-thin devices for many different types of MRI scans, but in each case, one should firstly carry out a series of computer simulations as we have done in this work. One needs to make sure that the metasurface is appropriately coupled", concludes Rita Schmidt.
Source: ITMO University
mage Credit: ITMO University
Published on : Tue, 30 May 2017
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The Rev. Holly McKissick, pastor, Peace Christian Church, Kansas City and Overland Park, Kan:
No hats at the dinner table; call if you’re going to be late. Just as households have rules, so do cultures. Sometimes they are merely practical. Sometimes, though, they reflect power imbalances.
Like every faith system, Christianity was influenced by cultural rules in place when it took root. Then, as now, people mistook cultural rules with the sacred principles of the faith.
Christianity began as a reform movement of sorts — more inclusive and less hierarchical than the social environment in which it began — with neither “Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female.” Outcasts were welcomed, accepted, affirmed.
Over time, though, Christianity moved from the sideline to the mainline and with that move came a renewed skewing of power. The Christian household, which Jesus envisioned to be more egalitarian, eventually came to look like every other household of the time: patriarchal. Female submission became entrenched (and largely remains entrenched).
We remain called, however, to reflect the earliest Christian voice, crafting and sustaining relationships where power is shared.
No Biblical mandate
Rabbi Avi Weinstein, head of Jewish Studies, Hyman Brand Hebrew Academy:
Attitude toward scripture and its authority is one of the great dividing lines between religious traditions, and Judaism is no exception.
The Biblical mandate is that a man must leave his mother and cleave to a wife. Biblical laws of inheritance of land certainly favored men, and these designated roles were mandated in the Book of Exodus. The question is, once the tribal order has been thoroughly dismantled, should those directives remain?
Scripture assumes traditional roles and describes them often throughout the Hebrew Bible. The primary role of a woman is to raise a family, and the primary of a man is to support that family with an occupation of some kind. There was never a Biblical mandate as to who should be the primary decision maker. Those dynamics were a family affair.
Nowadays, although in more traditional Jewish homes many rituals are the exclusive province of men, the issue of who gets to be the head of the household depends on the household. |
तोरपा | बारकुली पंचायत के रायशिमला में ग्राम स्वराज अभियान का आयोजन किया गया। इस दौरान मुखिया अमृत हेमरोम ने ग्रामीणों से सरकारी योजनाओं का पूरा लाभ उठाने की अपील की। कहा कि हमारी कोशिश है कि गांव का एक भी ग्रामीण इन योजनाओं का लाभ लेने में छूट न जाए, उन्होंने पंचायत कर्मियों को योजनाओं का लाभ हर किसी को देने की अपील की। मौके पर सीएससी संचालक कुणाल भगत ने एलईडी बल्ब के बारे में बताया और एलईडी बल्ब वितरण किया। मौके पर सुपरवाइजर अंजली कुमारी, शशि भूषण नाग, आंगनबाड़ी सेविका, सहायिका आदि उपस्थित थे। |
भोपाल। राजस्व, विज्ञान एवं प्रौद्योगिकी मंत्री श्री उमाशंकर गुप्ता ने कटनी में ३ एवं मुरैना के १ तहसीलदार को सस्पेंड करने के आदेश दिए हैं। इसी के साथ कटनी के ५ पटवारियों को भी सस्पेंड करने के आदेश जारी किए गए हैं। कटनी जिले के तहसील बरही में जमीन संबंधी प्रकरण में अनियमितता पर तत्कालीन तहसीलदारों और पटवारियों को निलंबित करने के निर्देश दिये हैं। श्री गुप्ता ने तत्कालीन तहसीलदार श्री एस.के. गर्ग, श्री आर.पी. अग्रवाल और श्री आर.बी. द्विवेदी को निलंबित करने के निर्देश दिये हैं। इसी तरह पटवारी श्री नत्थूलाल रावत, श्री संतोष दुबे सीनियर, श्री संतोष दुबे जूनियर, श्री सुदखदेव सिंह भवेदी और श्री गणेश पाण्डेय को भी निलंबित करने की कार्यवाही की जा रही है।
राजस्व मंत्री श्री उमाशंकर गुप्ता के निर्देश पर प्रमुख राजस्व आयुक्त श्री के.के. खरे ने जिला मुरैना की केलारस तहसील के तहसीलदार श्री सर्वेश यादव को फर्जी नामांतरण करने के कारण तत्काल प्रभाव से आज निलंबित कर दिया। निलंबन अवधि में श्री यादव का मुख्यालय आयुक्त कार्यालय चम्बल संभाग (मुरैना) नियत किया गया है। |
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YALM Pretraining Data - 2
The YALM Pretraining Data - 2 is a mix of English, Hindi and Hinglish taken from various sources for the Language modeling task and development of YALM(Yet Another Language Model).
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