        }
        return TRUE;
      }
+@@ -209,11 +208,11 @@
+       $sql= call_user_func_array(array($this, 'prepare'), $args);
+ 
+       if (!is_resource($this->handle)) {
+-        if (!($this->flags & DB_AUTOCONNECT)) throw(new SQLStateException('Not connected'));
++        if (!($this->flags & DB_AUTOCONNECT)) throw new SQLStateException('Not connected');
+         $c= $this->connect();
+         
+         // Check for subsequent connection errors
+-        if (FALSE === $c) throw(new SQLStateException('Previously failed to connect'));
++        if (FALSE === $c) throw new SQLStateException('Previously failed to connect');
+       }
+       
+       $this->_obs && $this->notifyObservers(new DBEvent(__FUNCTION__, $sql));
 @@ -233,17 +232,19 @@
            // Sybase:  Client message:  Read from SQL server failed. (severity 78)
            //

      * Returns whether this attribute is an identity field
      *
      * @return  bool
Index: skeleton/rdbms/pgsql/PostgreSQLConnection.class.php
===================================================================
--- skeleton/rdbms/pgsql/PostgreSQLConnection.class.php	(revision 12005)
+++ skeleton/rdbms/pgsql/PostgreSQLConnection.class.php	(working copy)
@@ -190,33 +190,54 @@
       $sql= call_user_func_array(array($this, 'prepare'), $args);
 
       if (!is_resource($this->handle)) {

     }
     
     /**
Index: skeleton/rdbms/sqlite/SQLiteResultSet.class.php
===================================================================
--- skeleton/rdbms/sqlite/SQLiteResultSet.class.php	(revision 12005)
+++ skeleton/rdbms/sqlite/SQLiteResultSet.class.php	(working copy)
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
      */
     public function seek($offset) { 
       if (!sqlite_seek($this->handle, $offset)) {
-        throw(new SQLException('Cannot seek to offset '.$offset));
+        throw new SQLException('Cannot seek to offset '.$offset);
       }
       return TRUE;
     }
Index: skeleton/rdbms/sqlite/SQLiteConnection.class.php
===================================================================
--- skeleton/rdbms/sqlite/SQLiteConnection.class.php	(revision 12005)
+++ skeleton/rdbms/sqlite/SQLiteConnection.class.php	(working copy)
@@ -50,9 +50,8 @@
    * @purpose  Database connection
    */
   class SQLiteConnection extends DBConnection {
-  
-     private
-       $formatter= NULL;
+    private
+      $formatter= NULL;
 
     /**
      * Connect
@@ -80,7 +79,7 @@
       }
 
       if (!is_resource($this->handle)) {
-        throw(new SQLConnectException($err, $this->dsn));
+        throw new SQLConnectException($err, $this->dsn);
       }
       
       $this->getFormatter()->dialect->registerCallbackFunctions($this->handle);
@@ -110,9 +109,9 @@
      * @throws  rdbms.SQLStatementFailedException
      */
     public function selectdb($db) {
-      throw(new SQLStatementFailedException(
+      throw new SQLStatementFailedException(
         'Cannot select database, not implemented in SQLite'
-      ));
+      );
     }
 
     /**
@@ -220,11 +219,11 @@
       $sql= call_user_func_array(array($this, 'prepare'), $args);
 
       if (!is_resource($this->handle)) {
-        if (!($this->flags & DB_AUTOCONNECT)) throw(new SQLStateException('Not connected'));
+        if (!($this->flags & DB_AUTOCONNECT)) throw new SQLStateException('Not connected');
         $c= $this->connect();
         
         // Check for subsequent connection errors
-        if (FALSE === $c) throw(new SQLStateException('Previously failed to connect.'));
+        if (FALSE === $c) throw new SQLStateException('Previously failed to connect.');
       }
       
       $this->_obs && $this->notifyObservers(new DBEvent(__FUNCTION__, $sql));
@@ -237,11 +236,11 @@
       
       if (FALSE === $result) {
         $e= sqlite_last_error($this->handle);
-        throw(new SQLStatementFailedException(
+        throw new SQLStatementFailedException(
           'Statement failed: '.sqlite_error_string($e), 
           $sql, 
           $e
-        ));
+        );
       }
 
       if (TRUE === $result) {
Index: skeleton/rdbms/mysql/MySQLConnection.class.php
===================================================================
--- skeleton/rdbms/mysql/MySQLConnection.class.php	(revision 12005)
+++ skeleton/rdbms/mysql/MySQLConnection.class.php	(working copy)
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
    * @purpose  Database connection
    */
   class MySQLConnection extends DBConnection {
-    public
+    private
       $formatter= NULL;
 
     /**
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
       $this->_obs && $this->notifyObservers(new DBEvent(__FUNCTION__, $reconnect));
 
       if (!is_resource($this->handle)) {
-        throw(new SQLConnectException(mysql_error(), $this->dsn));
+        throw new SQLConnectException(mysql_error(), $this->dsn);
       }
 
       // Figure out sql_mode and update formatter's escaperules accordingly
@@ -120,11 +120,11 @@
      */
     public function selectdb($db) {
       if (!mysql_select_db($db, $this->handle)) {
-        throw(new SQLStatementFailedException(
+        throw new SQLStatementFailedException(
           'Cannot select database: '.mysql_error($this->handle), 
           'use '.$db,
           mysql_errno($this->handle)
-        ));
+        );
       }
       return TRUE;
     }
@@ -235,11 +235,11 @@
       $sql= call_user_func_array(array($this, 'prepare'), $args);
 
       if (!is_resource($this->handle)) {
-        if (!($this->flags & DB_AUTOCONNECT)) throw(new SQLStateException('Not connected'));
+        if (!($this->flags & DB_AUTOCONNECT)) throw new SQLStateException('Not connected');
         $c= $this->connect();
         
         // Check for subsequent connection errors
-        if (FALSE === $c) throw(new SQLStateException('Previously failed to connect.'));
+        if (FALSE === $c) throw new SQLStateException('Previously failed to connect.');
       }
       
       $this->_obs && $this->notifyObservers(new DBEvent(__FUNCTION__, $sql));
@@ -254,19 +254,21 @@
         switch ($e= mysql_errno($this->handle)) {
           case 2006: // MySQL server has gone away
