This layer has been clipped by the City's boundary in order to be consistent with the other census block based data such as the Equity Index. 

In Tacoma, our analysis found that urban heat islands increase maximum temperatures
by as much as 6.2 degrees F above the local baseline. Combined with regional climatic
effects, neighborhoods in Central and South Tacoma may be as much as 14 degrees
F hotter than neighborhoods in North Tacoma. 11,980 people live in neighborhoods
where maximum temperature exceed the 90th percentile and where average per capita
incomes are less than 200% the federal poverty level (outlined in black in map). Every
additional degree carry significant public health costs.
In the Tacoma’s most severe urban heat islands, all-cause mortality rates are estimated
to increase by as much as 8.4% when regional temperatures exceed 82 degrees F.
Tacoma experiences about 30 days above 82 degrees per year, on average. Our model
estimates that 3– 15 lives are lost in the city each year due to extreme heat exacerbated
by urban heat islands.
The public health burden of urban heat islands is disproportionately levied on the lowest
income households. In Tacoma there is a strong correlation between household income
and urban heat islands.
Without intervention, Tacoma’s heat island impacts will grow significantly in a changing
climate. Number of days above the 82 degree F threshold has increased by more than
50% since 1980. On the current trajectory the Seattle-Tacoma area will experience 42 days
above the temperature threshold by 2050, and 59 days above the threshold by 2100.

Dense urban areas absorb and trap heat due to impervious surfaces, like pavement and rooftops, that absorb solar radiation, buildings that block wind flow, pollution and smog that trap solar radiation, and low levels of vegetation and tree cover that restrict evapotransporation, which functions as natural air conditioning.
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{'Title': 'Urban Heat Island Index - 2020', 'Author': 'Dr. Vivek Shandas', 'Comments': "In Tacoma, our analysis found that urban heat islands increase maximum temperatures\nby as much as 6.2 degrees F above the local baseline. Combined with regional climatic\neffects, neighborhoods in Central and South Tacoma may be as much as 14 degrees\nF hotter than neighborhoods in North Tacoma. 11,980 people live in neighborhoods\nwhere maximum temperature exceed the 90th percentile and where average per capita\nincomes are less than 200% the federal poverty level (outlined in black in map). Every\nadditional degree carry significant public health costs.\nIn the Tacoma’s most severe urban heat islands, all-cause mortality rates are estimated\nto increase by as much as 8.4% when regional temperatures exceed 82 degrees F.\nTacoma experiences about 30 days above 82 degrees per year, on average. Our model\nestimates that 3– 15 lives are lost in the city each year due to extreme heat exacerbated\nby urban heat islands.\nThe public health burden of urban heat islands is disproportionately levied on the lowest\nincome households. In Tacoma there is a strong correlation between household income\nand urban heat islands.\nWithout intervention, Tacoma’s heat island impacts will grow significantly in a changing\nclimate. Number of days above the 82 degree F threshold has increased by more than\n50% since 1980. On the current trajectory the Seattle-Tacoma area will experience 42 days\nabove the temperature threshold by 2050, and 59 days above the threshold by 2100.\n\nDense urban areas absorb and trap heat due to impervious surfaces, like pavement and rooftops, that absorb solar radiation, buildings that block wind flow, pollution and smog that trap solar radiation, and low levels of vegetation and tree cover that restrict evapotransporation, which functions as natural air conditioning.\n\nThis layer has been clipped by the City's boundary in order to be consistent with the other census block based data such as the Equity Index. \n", 'Subject': "Dense urban areas absorb and trap heat. This layer has been clipped by the City's boundary in order to be consistent with the other census block based data", 'Category': '', 'AntialiasingMode': 'None', 'TextAntialiasingMode': 'Force', 'Keywords': 'Urban Heat Island Index,Heat,Heat Island,clipped'}
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