jeffreygwang/pythia_dedupe_mia_0-50000_50000-98500

tokens sequencelengths 2.05k 2.05k	text stringlengths 1.17k 22.2k
[ 3035, 358, 447, 8, 39503, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 11140, 15, 187, 187, 15, 8742, 843, 455, 265, 14822, 1045, 6860, 80, 372, 347, 265, 249, 4611, 3352, 257, 372, 28453, 309, 44147, 6897, 82, 69, 13, 7539, 510, 3973, 42478, 281, 2903, 515, 4024, 10269, 40858, 12349, 42478, 264, 407, 247, 9271, 8202, 8452, 12349, 6572, 967, 275, 28746, 26147, 795, 2422, 14, 33972, 255, 64, 1157, 1283, 372, 642, 6584, 358, 3381, 372, 6585, 28, 299, 309, 44147, 47420, 1780, 5168, 13, 7539, 2422, 14, 30658, 266, 26755, 253, 25792, 253, 12318, 273, 355, 14, 46918, 2101, 290, 275, 27325, 26147, 795, 2422, 14, 30658, 266, 64, 1157, 2030, 372, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 6585, 28, 7539, 48, 859, 2902, 10269, 14, 45, 36877, 27, 16492, 8452, 14309, 275, 3060, 6272, 611, 2320, 19384, 26147, 795, 37070, 355, 14, 58, 1312, 71, 64, 1157, 4772, 898, 372, 37266, 9623, 3381, 372, 8441, 28, 355, 14, 41, 3681, 11282, 13, 7539, 510, 25081, 16061, 273, 355, 14, 50, 66, 8, 4355, 26147, 17532, 495, 13, 3127, 372, 2304, 8636, 372, 5826, 28, 340, 372, 4358, 13326, 87, 25448, 345, 1680, 312, 355, 14, 23992, 18754, 13, 322, 11282, 82, 355, 14, 30507, 5168, 13, 30815, 357, 26171, 473, 961, 340, 500, 3256, 714, 316, 2375, 15, 19988, 284, 15260, 36836, 256, 493, 40594, 1753, 546, 1524, 10045, 14713, 80, 9500, 12556, 13490, 284, 372, 347, 265, 19854, 247, 28494, 40858, 13, 340, 40682, 284, 6706, 343, 1342, 1753, 345, 14088, 440, 284, 3300, 24288, 372, 44838, 14265, 13, 20056, 1578, 284, 4151, 20381, 3352, 257, 1448, 4198, 900, 28494, 40858, 13, 1753, 1908, 66, 1045, 16816, 3326, 80, 247, 826, 479, 91, 371, 5741, 826, 295, 13807, 13235, 8733, 440, 6860, 80, 372, 1111, 274, 282, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 267, 38139, 15, 1219, 12528, 375, 372, 3897, 843, 455, 265, 14822, 1045, 22082, 80, 372, 28494, 40858, 13, 49445, 13, 3352, 257, 372, 355, 14, 41, 3681, 11282, 13, 7539, 510, 25081, 16061, 273, 355, 14, 50, 66, 8, 4355, 26147, 17532, 495, 13, 3127, 372, 2304, 8636, 372, 5826, 15, 187, 187, 15, 7539, 48, 859, 2902, 10269, 14, 45, 36877, 27, 16492, 8452, 14309, 275, 3060, 6272, 611, 2320, 19384, 26147, 795, 37070, 355, 14, 58, 1312, 71, 64, 1157, 4772, 898, 372, 37266, 9623, 3381, 372, 8441, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 187, 187, 15, 17025, 13, 7539, 510, 3083, 33341, 10269, 40858, 25235, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 1225, 462, 7311, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 6277, 13675, 10207, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 5940, 15260, 13589, 402, 69, 6597, 66, 271, 3876, 8032, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 267, 38139, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 35194, 15350, 487, 15, 187, 187, 15, 7539, 26366, 504, 70, 9752, 2902, 355, 14, 34, 82, 6678, 34445, 76, 7110, 4595, 6234, 544, 24711, 13229, 250, 30074, 1954, 826, 479, 91, 371, 5741, 372, 355, 14, 34, 82, 6678, 13, 345, 268, 860, 5784, 21400, 1092, 795, 2422, 14, 54, 13632, 355, 14, 34330, 14059, 5973, 64, 1157, 4772, 1283, 372, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 10226, 15, 187, 187, 15, 10213, 3044, 3594, 590, 13, 7539, 510, 6258, 2091, 14183, 2902, 10269, 40858, 29236, 323, 1284, 20401, 1108, 275, 9643, 26147, 795, 27555, 64, 1157, 4772, 3285, 372, 22688, 9623, 3381, 372, 5826, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 440, 2245, 580, 6002, 372, 826, 1431, 21829, 28494, 40858, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 267, 38139, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 30815, 357, 26171, 473, 961, 15, 187, 187, 15, 19046, 844, 9141, 13, 7539, 1672, 14, 34, 504, 308, 7042, 273, 40185, 281, 26464, 10269, 40858, 26147, 795, 4257, 2816, 7717, 64, 1157, 3127, 372, 704, 3381, 287, 372, 6585, 15, 187, 187, 15, 17403, 274, 7860, 372, 27117, 267, 355, 14, 39, 324, 77, 13, 795, 54, 15, 52, 15, 362, 15, 8802, 2902, 10269, 40858, 13, 1162, 355, 3333, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 28453, 9497, 333, 11086, 478, 301, 15, 187, 187, 15, 17403, 274, 7860, 372, 418, 8, 41, 46025, 6529, 611, 379, 12914, 276, 13, 795, 54, 15, 52, 15, 362, 15, 8802, 2902, 10269, 40858, 13, 1162, 355, 3333, 187, 187, 15, 17403, 274, 7860, 372, 27117, 267, 355, 14, 39, 324, 77, 13, 795, 54, 15, 52, 15, 362, 15, 8802, 2902, 10269, 40858, 13, 1162, 355, 3333, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 15878, 16216, 25252, 1524, 265, 36069, 251, 27, 818, 2222, 15, 1518, 13, 2537, 277, 1954, 4123, 373, 1448, 8246, 66, 372, 8694, 29978, 372, 6004, 46071, 340, 21982, 15, 27706, 13, 19, 277, 1954, 4123, 373, 1448, 12578, 15, 444, 601, 642, 12186, 86, 6683, 1045, 13223, 2771, 1753, 458, 7360, 40980, 4776, 254, 277, 3377, 247, 401, 324, 77, 826, 17879, 13, 1753, 26510, 826, 2248, 3525, 546, 734, 287, 5209, 282, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 5332, 1639, 3508, 266, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 187, 187, 15, 329, 1851, 4611, 13, 795, 54, 15, 52, 15, 362, 15, 14355, 15493, 3163, 3333, 187, 187, 15, 14026, 249, 355, 14, 35, 1279, 266, 13, 7539, 510, 8937, 383, 8365, 13376, 12636, 661, 281, 686, 2422, 14, 2809, 274, 82, 355, 14, 34, 8819, 255, 8, 11376, 3032, 42258, 2064, 6610, 8565, 264, 15101, 275, 31083, 275, 16158, 20498, 26147, 795, 2422, 14, 2809, 274, 82, 355, 14, 34, 8819, 255, 64, 1157, 2030, 372, 642, 6584, 358, 3381, 372, 6585, 13, 2901, 1028, 7112, 355, 6446, 77, 5069, 4474, 30284, 1830, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 267, 38139, 15, 187, 187, 15, 743, 3876, 17622, 13, 795, 18852, 3824, 3035, 358, 447, 8, 39503, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 21640, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 28453, 9497, 333, 11086, 478, 301, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 1225, 462, 7311, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 32787, 15350, 487, 15, 187, 187, 883, 15, 11642, 4653, 127, 224, 9431, 36066, 6202, 418, 1719, 308, 1042, 9051, 5993, 1719, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 7727, 329, 15, 31131, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 19436, 14698, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 1045, 355, 17001, 7961, 5171, 444, 15, 19523, 781, 15, 187, 187, 15, 6897, 649, 8952, 13, 795, 5622, 527, 28238, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 28415, 15, 187, 187, 15, 1720, 20010, 13, 795, 4257, 5332, 932, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 12131, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 4744, 13625, 5391, 15, 187, 187, 15, 308, 698, 343, 1219, 20257, 13, 13326, 87, 8727, 345, 14183, 2902, 10269, 40858, 13, 355, 14, 58, 1370, 8432, 13, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 6585, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 7727, 329, 15, 31131, 15, 187, 187, 15, 1219, 404, 3096, 2935, 13, 795, 4509, 13193, 327, 330, 561, 15306, 64, 1157, 8280, 15, 463, 406, 1005, 15, 681, 16, 84, 5353, 5967, 64, 81, 16, 423, 1171, 266, 15, 25071, 13, 490, 21704, 372, 8441, 15, 187, 187, 15, 15273, 7682, 570, 1994, 13, 7539, 36, 2259, 3083, 5712, 1644, 24445, 9368, 342, 31199, 382, 29811, 272, 3900, 275, 16158, 20498, 26147, 795, 36, 2259, 40753, 7717, 64, 1157, 4772, 2030, 372, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 6585, 15, 187, 187, 15, 1023, 30518, 39348, 274, 5940, 48546, 87, 4355, 1398, 363, 5902, 4501, 372, 3897, 5263, 375, 340, 4358, 9810, 27356, 1753, 8806, 4586, 251, 3897, 21079, 37588, 265, 6706, 1247, 375, 40800, 1045, 387, 290, 3377, 372, 8878, 546, 5633, 469, 319, 13, 795, 510, 16158, 8490, 64, 1157, 7266, 15, 14821, 14, 12434, 15, 187, 187, 15, 29732, 77, 8420, 13, 795, 2422, 14, 50, 66, 4355, 434, 500, 26590, 275, 3060, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 22287, 15, 187, 187, 15, 2745, 49311, 30735, 13, 795, 24095, 1321, 34646, 596, 276, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 10909, 15, 187, 187, 15, 743, 3876, 17622, 13, 795, 18852, 3824, 3035, 358, 447, 8, 39503, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 21886, 15, 187, 187, 15, 6470, 1240, 427, 1432, 78, 340, 27117, 267, 1680, 5719, 13, 7539, 17174, 2902, 10269, 40858, 27, 380, 20593, 2705, 273, 253, 11760, 26147, 355, 14, 58, 1370, 8432, 13, 884, 372, 12468, 900, 372, 7544, 15, 187, 187, 15, 1716, 22498, 14265, 1448, 819, 18463, 5297, 365, 7055, 5985, 355, 14, 39, 4631, 267, 546, 826, 12565, 10045, 6618, 251, 6696, 13, 1638, 372, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 6469, 15, 187, 187, 805, 15, 46898, 41177, 8568, 2697, 21905, 127, 224, 1719, 187, 187, 15, 795, 2422, 14, 13924, 3358, 64, 1157, 608, 372, 49137, 900, 372, 8878, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 5119, 1608, 2966, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 322, 11282, 82, 355, 14, 30507, 5168, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 2422, 14, 13924, 3358, 64, 1157, 608, 372, 49137, 900, 372, 8878, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 35194, 15350, 487, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 388, 763, 312, 30012, 6017, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 28453, 1045, 14, 2809, 8407, 90, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 35194, 15350, 487, 15, 187, 187, 15, 8939, 30964, 13, 795, 32277, 27325, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 24062, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 388, 763, 312, 30012, 6017, 15, 187, 187, 15, 15878, 20573, 20381, 372, 29928, 40173, 1966, 375, 2661, 266, 1753, 1045, 44935, 80, 372, 310, 5247, 25448, 1753, 247, 19664, 46154, 2349, 19526, 8585, 546, 444, 7311, 22352, 347, 5297, 9747, 247, 1458, 15, 933, 28, 3897, 310, 5247, 25448, 50209, 266, 372, 3925, 15, 933, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 25448, 345, 714, 515, 343, 355, 14, 20405, 363, 13, 7812, 515, 343, 355, 14, 59, 333, 90, 255, 340, 388, 6451, 355, 14, 52, 487, 2284, 15, 187, 187, 15, 28453, 1045, 14, 2809, 8407, 90, 13, 7539, 2422, 14, 59, 1403, 1240, 19283, 434, 7743, 28182, 26147, 17532, 721, 13, 795, 2422, 14, 2809, 274, 82, 355, 14, 34, 8819, 255, 64, 1157, 1283, 372, 37266, 9623, 3381, 372, 6752, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 714, 515, 343, 355, 14, 20405, 363, 15, 187, 187, 15, 28453, 1045, 14, 2809, 8407, 90, 13, 7539, 2422, 14, 59, 1403, 1240, 19283, 434, 7743, 28182, 26147, 17532, 721, 13, 795, 2422, 14, 2809, 274, 82, 355, 14, 34, 8819, 255, 64, 1157, 1283, 372, 37266, 9623, 3381, 372, 6752, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11204, 265, 12629, 372, 32787, 309, 44147, 355, 14, 52, 19416, 355, 14, 47, 333, 90, 274, 13, 546, 1045, 27759, 372, 3897, 7539, 250, 44001, 8585, 372, 31208, 571, 26147, 22688, 9623, 3381, 372, 8065, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 187, 187, 15, 3905, 10658, 7860, 1448, 387, 290, 3377, 15563, 826, 4443, 1432, 2960, 24088, 532, 14265, 3352, 70, 372, 355, 14, 41, 3681, 11282, 13, 7539, 510, 25081, 16061, 273, 355, 14, 50, 66, 8, 4355, 26147, 17532, 898, 13, 3349, 372, 2304, 8636, 372, 5826, 15, 187, 187, 15, 7539, 2422, 14, 50, 66, 4355, 13, 8802, 2902, 10269, 40858, 434, 37614, 323, 12121, 26147, 3389, 80, 271, 3876, 17622, 372, 826, 17879, 13, 1249, 372, 49137, 900, 372, 6585, 15, 3599, 3389, 80, 6266, 247, 26957, 500, 357, 357, 8733, 440, 7539, 48679, 372, 1579, 316, 1758, 26147, 2343, 1753, 2622, 12704, 546, 45674, 70, 2604, 1954, 3266, 80, 1578, 440, 299, 2375, 358, 15119, 372, 7539, 9292, 8727, 25235, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 1680, 5719, 3344, 15, 187, 187, 15, 12828, 66, 329, 4396, 312, 13, 7539, 2422, 14, 46918, 27, 380, 29056, 4524, 6545, 411, 1240, 8621, 74, 29028, 285, 253, 17315, 1497, 273, 43627, 26147, 795, 40262, 6516, 273, 5625, 64, 795, 26216, 3514, 16404, 272, 21897, 1621, 15, 337, 64, 1157, 704, 3381, 287, 372, 6469, 15, 187 ]	Enemies' Eyes_ , p. 125. . Los detalles sobre el intento de asesinato proceden de Muhammad Ibrahim Naqd, «The First Attempt to Assassinate bin Laden Was Attempted by a Libyan Who Was Trained in Lebanon», _Al-Hayat_ , 18 de noviembre de 2001; e Ibrahim Hassan Ardi, «Al-Watan Places the Period the Head of al-Qaeda Spent in Sudan», _Al-Watan_ , 25 de octubre de 2001; «Ossama bin-Ladin: Muslims Who Live in Europe Are Kafirs», _Rose al-Yousef_ , __ 9 de diciembre de 1996; al-Hammadi, «The Inside Story of al-Qa'ida», parte 3, 21 de marzo de 2005; y de las entrevistas con Isam al-Turabi, Sadiq al-Mahdi, Hassabulla Omer y Jaled Yusuf. Varias fuentes sostienen que en realidad hubo dos tentativas de asesinar a Bin Laden, y algunas afirman que con solo unas semanas de diferencia, pero esas informaciones proceden del propio Bin Laden, que considera el tiroteo a la mezquita la noche anterior como un intento de matarle. . Entrevista con Yamal Jalifa. Algunos de los detalles sobre el hijo de Bin Laden, Abdullah, proceden de al-Hammadi, «The Inside Story of al-Qa'ida», parte 3, 21 de marzo de 2005. . «Ossama bin-Ladin: Muslims Who Live in Europe Are Kafirs», _Rose al-Yousef_ , __ 9 de diciembre de 1996. . _Ibidem_. . Wright, «The Man Behind bin Laden». . Entrevista con Yamal Jashoggi. . Entrevista con Michael Scheuer. . Entrevista con una fuente sudanesa anónima. . Entrevista con Yamal Jalifa. . _Ibidem_. . Entrevista con Said Badib. . «Walidee Ramama al-Aqsa Bilkhasara» [Mi padre renovó la mezquita de al-Aqsa, con pérdidas], _Al-Umma al-Islamiyya_ , __ 18 de octubre de 1991. . Daniel McGrory, «The Day When Osama bin Laden Applied for Asylum – in Britain», _Times_ , __ 29 de septiembre de 2005. . Entrevista con un portavoz de la familia Bin Laden. . Entrevista con Yamal Jalifa. . Entrevista con Hassabulla Omer. . Benjamin Weiser, «Ex-Aide Tells of Plot to Kill bin Laden», _New York Times_ , 21 de febrero de 2001. . Declaración de Yamal al-Fadl, _U.S. v. Usama bin Laden, et al._ Entrevista con Muhammad Loay Baizid. . Declaración de L'Houssaine Kherchtou, _U.S. v. Usama bin Laden, et al._ . Declaración de Yamal al-Fadl, _U.S. v. Usama bin Laden, et al._ . _Ibidem_. Las cantidades reales fueron: 795.200,49 dólares del Programa de Protección de Testigos y 151.047,2 dólares del FBI. Eso no incluye el dinero que le podría haber dado a Fadl la CIA, que fue la primera en interrogarle. . Entrevista con Jack Cloonan. . _Ibidem_. . Alegato, _U.S. v. Ali Mohamed._ . Hasin al-Banyan, «The Oldest Arab Afghan Talks to 'Al-Sharq al-Awsat' About His Career That Finally Landed Him in Prison in Saudi Arabia», _Al-Sharq al-Awsat_ , 25 de noviembre de 2001, traducido al inglés por FBIS. . Entrevista con Yamal Jalifa. . Anónimo, _Through Our Enemies' Eyes_ , p. 146. . Entrevista con Muhammad Loay Baizid. . Entrevista con Yamal Jashoggi. . Entrevista con Ahmed Badib. 11. EL PRÍNCIPE DE LAS TINIEBLAS . Entrevista con Richard A. Clarke. . Entrevista con Steven Simon. . Entrevista con el almirante Paul E. Busick. . Naftali, _Blind Spot_ , p. 242. . Reeve, _New Jackals_ , p. 104. . Entrevista con Mark Rossini. . Taysir Aluni, entrevista con Osama bin Laden, al-Yazira, octubre de 2001. . Entrevista con Richard A. Clarke. . Alain Geresh, _From Index on Censorship_ , www.geocities.com/saudhouse_p/endofan.htm, abril de 1996. . Kevin Dennehy, «Cape Man Relives Close Call with Terrorist Bombing While in Saudi Arabia», _Cape Cod Times_ , __ 25 de octubre de 2001. . Se puede encontrar una vívida descripción de los arrestos y las torturas que sufrieron los árabes afganos tras el atentado de 1995 en Jerichow, _The Saudi File_ , pp. 136-140. . Kohlmann, _Al-Qaida's Jihad in Europe_ , p. 158. . Teitelbaum, _Holier Than Thou_ , p. 76. . Anónimo, _Through Our Enemies' Eyes_ , p. 141. . Salah Najm y Yamal Ismail, «Osama bin Laden: The Destruction of the Base», al-Yazira, 10 de junio de 1999. . Conferencia del príncipe Turki al-Faisal en la Universidad Seton Hall, 14 de octubre de 2003. 12. LOS NIÑOS ESPÍAS . _Al-Ahram_ , 5 de julio de 1995. . Entrevista con David Shinn. . Entrevista con Sadiq al-Mahdi. . _Al-Ahram_ , 5 de julio de 1995. . Entrevista con Said Badib. . Entrevista con Hisham Kassem. . Entrevista con Muhammad el-Shafey. . Entrevista con Said Badib. . Petterson, _Inside Sudan_ , p. 179. . Entrevista con Hisham Kassem. . Las organizaciones de derechos humanos calculan que el número de islamistas que aún están encarcelados en Egipto asciende a 15.000; los islamistas hablan de 60.000. . Entrevistas con Yassir al-Sirri, Montassir al-Zayyat y Hani al-Sibai. . Muhammad el-Shafey, «Al-Zawahiri's Secret Papers», parte 6, _Al-Sharq al-Awsat_ , 18 de diciembre de 2002. . Entrevista con Yassir al-Sirri. . Muhammad el-Shafey, «Al-Zawahiri's Secret Papers», parte 6, _Al-Sharq al-Awsat_ , 18 de diciembre de 2002. . Confesiones de Ahmed Ibrahim al-Sayed al-Nayyar, en el caso de los «repatriados de Albania», septiembre de 1998. . _Ibidem_. . La narración del atentado contra la embajada egipcia procede de al-Hammadi, «The Inside Story of al-Qa'ida», parte 9, 28 de marzo de 2005. . «Al-Qaida, Usama bin Laden's Vehicle for Action», documento anónimo de la CIA, 12 de julio de 2001. El documento describe a Abu Jabab como un «conductor de limusina», lo que normalmente en Oriente Próximo es un eufemismo de «taxista». . Entrevista con Ismail Jan. . Maha Azzam, «Al-Qaeda: The Misunderstood Wahhabi Connection and the Ideology of Violence», _Royal Institute of International_ _Affairs Briefing Paper No. 1_ , febrero de 2003.
[ 273, 11878, 273, 3388, 17575, 273, 2169, 4730, 285, 6561, 2143, 31329, 313, 2387, 2552, 187, 187, 24, 329, 20179, 24556, 496, 2710, 4088, 13, 7418, 8607, 432, 1475, 253, 20902, 452, 2530, 3280, 281, 436, 2199, 13, 534, 253, 4477, 47444, 14409, 15, 380, 4477, 651, 751, 281, 5717, 275, 1798, 776, 5213, 47267, 399, 15, 18673, 2516, 10228, 13, 3344, 21995, 77, 518, 285, 15315, 300, 6470, 7373, 323, 5277, 616, 15040, 387, 2710, 8661, 273, 253, 2199, 28, 352, 369, 38089, 323, 20462, 253, 1263, 285, 16472, 253, 6260, 327, 534, 436, 2457, 1304, 310, 1754, 15, 5488, 13, 253, 4477, 651, 751, 281, 14409, 253, 1329, 275, 941, 2561, 285, 7914, 2530, 407, 253, 3872, 10071, 27, 8698, 914, 1063, 285, 32319, 706, 14089, 77, 313, 16796, 5182, 582, 1219, 1988, 38437, 313, 19642, 14, 45353, 582, 500, 20191, 611, 45456, 2381, 285, 19173, 284, 367, 1441, 76, 6836, 313, 17398, 1373, 582, 16219, 7766, 611, 6002, 785, 13, 500, 1954, 91, 339, 71, 8582, 27544, 285, 1503, 3467, 91, 84, 9045, 7188, 375, 91, 893, 313, 38288, 552, 582, 330, 16130, 552, 21009, 12040, 68, 928, 8311, 518, 313, 7638, 395, 582, 7511, 8901, 28608, 615, 8432, 313, 40086, 267, 10, 285, 388, 10320, 2399, 4913, 313, 17967, 9733, 481, 6610, 13, 253, 4477, 651, 751, 281, 14409, 253, 7680, 273, 418, 8885, 3044, 8677, 4926, 13, 28084, 7896, 2398, 14573, 46668, 285, 15657, 6362, 411, 2381, 296, 248, 249, 5969, 13, 665, 6518, 2589, 4114, 2561, 285, 3157, 253, 3872, 285, 20407, 5012, 15, 2552, 187, 187, 25, 16155, 18435, 23230, 4730, 2718, 452, 644, 285, 403, 1335, 11372, 342, 253, 4836, 273, 49625, 5675, 3904, 273, 3484, 1293, 48637, 253, 3290, 273, 4730, 13, 285, 1293, 6153, 26016, 25930, 275, 2289, 285, 12240, 15, 733, 310, 275, 436, 3634, 326, 13001, 452, 644, 19427, 253, 6654, 273, 1345, 285, 3055, 5300, 342, 253, 4736, 273, 17170, 625, 25495, 13, 625, 3576, 13, 285, 625, 18380, 2169, 4730, 2718, 15, 3749, 21320, 20407, 941, 5239, 921, 326, 689, 253, 1390, 767, 8007, 13, 627, 556, 644, 247, 2087, 5333, 4404, 4067, 10764, 273, 3055, 8362, 273, 2169, 4730, 313, 2887, 10372, 374, 481, 831, 5333, 369, 6786, 8127, 949, 12976, 3081, 390, 2169, 24528, 432, 35096, 8128, 313, 32307, 23776, 5974, 9021, 13441, 380, 4473, 273, 2105, 14, 35870, 310, 908, 1060, 281, 7409, 436, 5333, 275, 253, 6654, 273, 1345, 285, 3055, 8362, 15, 25773, 275, 253, 1039, 4815, 403, 6096, 476, 1379, 2067, 4948, 13, 1690, 253, 10199, 273, 35096, 8128, 835, 597, 858, 417, 3786, 2226, 390, 247, 9479, 2572, 835, 597, 2168, 858, 15, 1583, 476, 671, 6388, 247, 5141, 390, 1014, 247, 24250, 273, 5974, 16311, 390, 5974, 10119, 34371, 313, 433, 86, 960, 275, 5974, 8596, 671, 12647, 271, 2572, 275, 253, 3055, 8362, 3309, 281, 3835, 11331, 285, 3811, 4815, 582, 533, 671, 1345, 7823, 326, 11907, 47132, 420, 15036, 432, 247, 11306, 14761, 1701, 1345, 8776, 281, 247, 1199, 1679, 14761, 1701, 13, 9801, 14, 6820, 3055, 8776, 15, 23359, 387, 2105, 14, 35870, 432, 253, 5974, 8668, 13, 253, 1263, 41685, 1316, 265, 327, 5974, 2036, 16736, 84, 13, 891, 15, 70, 15, 2264, 4815, 32708, 407, 247, 5974, 846, 8180, 273, 35096, 8128, 285, 36948, 1263, 8596, 15, 4952, 275, 4343, 1293, 35096, 8128, 13, 627, 310, 1335, 247, 6832, 2408, 273, 2105, 14, 35870, 984, 642, 2169, 4730, 985, 10949, 3484, 8, 11331, 285, 3811, 4815, 4336, 15, 733, 310, 919, 78, 1701, 326, 271, 2572, 275, 3055, 4815, 281, 3484, 588, 3486, 327, 253, 8770, 273, 3484, 15, 380, 1263, 671, 4453, 387, 253, 15772, 1930, 273, 2105, 14, 35870, 285, 2340, 684, 253, 6890, 6654, 273, 1345, 285, 3055, 24528, 323, 2169, 4730, 10003, 313, 1922, 2513, 481, 4325, 253, 8668, 273, 10197, 2513, 13, 2105, 14, 35870, 8687, 2544, 281, 253, 3894, 273, 1345, 285, 3055, 8362, 347, 6021, 4973, 313, 395, 3021, 253, 9056, 2554, 273, 35096, 8128, 13, 3310, 6021, 13, 40174, 12189, 23866, 13, 3966, 15, 347, 10066, 281, 1375, 8362, 481, 3932, 247, 1818, 281, 436, 6654, 11852, 253, 4103, 6349, 273, 841, 4973, 13, 352, 310, 8025, 326, 352, 588, 671, 1818, 253, 8770, 273, 10197, 2513, 15, 7567, 732, 272, 327, 253, 3264, 16274, 327, 5974, 285, 10197, 42, 32536, 273, 2544, 281, 253, 2105, 14, 9628, 6654, 13, 253, 1263, 310, 29318, 407, 1740, 24316, 347, 629, 273, 247, 2014, 11088, 3646, 1783, 1566, 15, 380, 24316, 2619, 598, 327, 2234, 7794, 273, 32435, 13, 12510, 285, 17382, 273, 35096, 9801, 7823, 275, 2169, 4730, 15, 25295, 4521, 261, 329, 27, 1284, 3055, 8362, 5459, 13, 2264, 11784, 273, 10197, 2513, 5459, 15, 25295, 4521, 261, 378, 27, 1284, 253, 26911, 281, 6233, 3055, 8362, 2572, 13, 10197, 2513, 2489, 625, 20876, 281, 5974, 4831, 15, 25295, 4521, 261, 330, 27, 38078, 3055, 8362, 556, 247, 4016, 1055, 327, 5974, 4831, 15, 25295, 4521, 261, 399, 27, 38078, 3055, 8362, 11852, 5974, 4327, 273, 849, 285, 752, 281, 1263, 15, 1916, 7409, 849, 1345, 285, 3055, 8362, 4391, 285, 752, 3486, 2710, 2544, 452, 574, 327, 253, 8770, 273, 10197, 2513, 285, 3484, 13, 253, 4477, 4824, 562, 7457, 12082, 2586, 1083, 2175, 5093, 4343, 432, 253, 5284, 6398, 285, 767, 432, 3345, 3060, 313, 16796, 5182, 13, 6144, 13, 5854, 13, 25270, 13, 6176, 13, 29171, 13, 16795, 13, 24084, 285, 2552, 187, 187, 26, 3684, 9733, 481, 831, 5438, 273, 4343, 3400, 247, 5235, 273, 7533, 275, 534, 281, 7409, 253, 2538, 15, 13773, 4343, 497, 6777, 2556, 281, 253, 1563, 6866, 27, 23365, 7031, 13, 5054, 4757, 13, 3072, 1979, 13, 47132, 420, 3904, 13, 3894, 273, 3484, 275, 3055, 2169, 4730, 13, 4248, 273, 1345, 8362, 273, 10003, 13, 2544, 281, 3055, 8362, 13, 35096, 9801, 3646, 13, 285, 5974, 4832, 8596, 8332, 15, 733, 369, 919, 78, 1701, 326, 253, 4343, 342, 253, 5962, 285, 954, 5233, 15036, 275, 35096, 9801, 3646, 651, 320, 954, 4722, 323, 253, 1263, 13, 1580, 824, 15036, 812, 320, 3264, 281, 452, 3687, 3486, 327, 5974, 285, 10197, 42, 8770, 685, 247, 3839, 6474, 35096, 9801, 3646, 15, 1198, 436, 1921, 253, 2219, 497, 8085, 715, 16196, 10533, 4343, 313, 16796, 5182, 13, 5854, 13, 6176, 285, 24084, 10, 285, 21815, 4343, 313, 32235, 13, 25270, 13, 29171, 13, 16795, 285, 3684, 9733, 10, 323, 253, 1783, 15, 380, 2829, 2708, 10262, 247, 6010, 18389, 273, 253, 2586, 6127, 313, 66, 7000, 18389, 273, 253, 16936, 476, 320, 1119, 275, 5270, 374, 15, 19, 273, 253, 2022, 1304, 481, 42372, 273, 35096, 9801, 3646, 1818, 275, 253, 2180, 273, 5839, 20930, 273, 9801, 14, 12080, 272, 3484, 32483, 5854, 8065, 5854, 5403, 6176, 5403, 16, 2922, 21753, 6585, 659, 19416, 253, 1072, 25270, 24084, 6469, 313, 45353, 4050, 2888, 3684, 9733, 6144, 44398, 833, 16795, 21753, 4748, 6176, 29171, 26056, 2408, 5087, 591, 5974, 44398, 833, 659, 19416, 253, 1072, 32483, 5838, 27, 2091, 642, 807, 310, 1677, 352, 2097, 326, 667, 1818, 369, 26830, 15, 313, 45353, 4050, 2888, 27, 380, 4050, 35096, 9801, 8460, 275, 5854, 310, 3345, 253, 2180, 273, 5839, 273, 436, 1263, 13, 533, 588, 320, 2908, 835, 941, 403, 2130, 285, 4623, 323, 253, 4096, 273, 436, 1263, 15, 1198, 1016, 1083, 1263, 2586, 13, 247, 7000, 3872, 1304, 347, 40275, 512, 253, 3603, 273, 253, 9056, 2105, 14, 35870, 985, 281, 4751, 18047, 253, 6654, 875, 1345, 285, 3055, 4973, 273, 24528, 313, 2887, 3313, 27241, 275, 253, 2022, 30762, 481, 11505, 41429, 4325, 253, 1783, 13, 359, 476, 1056, 253, 1563, 7313, 342, 1675, 281, 849, 2544, 275, 8128, 2818, 3484, 285, 10003, 27, 23230, 4730, 941, 2718, 3464, 18464, 380, 1375, 273, 253, 941, 3058, 281, 12054, 2939, 253, 1375, 273, 2289, 281, 2169, 4730, 310, 275, 1142, 4343, 9648, 4105, 15, 496, 690, 4343, 19836, 29171, 285, 16795, 1014, 13546, 2969, 1491, 670, 15772, 6021, 4973, 310, 4829, 7479, 15, 5488, 13, 1014, 12544, 253, 1268, 273, 35096, 8128, 534, 403, 2686, 5087, 4558, 2834, 275, 690, 34853, 15, 831, 4112, 10262, 247, 7658, 323, 3646, 14, 3169, 2561, 327, 247, 3872, 1268, 13, 533, 2789, 2175, 26400, 281, 2085, 247, 10237, 1941, 2613, 327, 247, 2831, 14, 25736, 1268, 1014, 625, 11132, 15, 380, 11815, 8392, 432, 436, 1263, 1364, 320, 11575, 275, 253, 1708, 273, 436, 958, 15, 2552, 187, 187, 740, 380, 10199, 273, 35096, 8128, 3798, 2789, 253, 985, 1805, 14, 2727, 4583, 13, 407, 3629, 253, 2264, 2408, 273, 5300, 2130, 380, 1263, 20097, 326, 347, 3055, 8362, 323, 10003, 2559, 13, 1345, 24528, 858, 417, 5257, 281, 6379, 13, 9745, 670, 271, 4583, 2572, 275, 15772, 6021, 313, 39355, 4521, 261, 329, 13, 923, 10372, 495, 481, 380, 9079, 369, 5762, 970, 591, 14, 39095, 6021, 432, 1345, 285, 3055, 4973, 347, 247, 5044, 15301, 15, 733, 369, 1119, 326, 323, 954, 4343, 285, 9894, 273, 673, 13, 253, 9079, 476, 320, 16058, 15, 380, 1643, 9894, 273, 11052, 1345, 591, 39095, 6021, 40575, 281, 12475, 273, 2057, 5054, 8891, 313, 32235, 275, 253, 7901, 84, 10, 390, 7863, 47132, 420, 3116, 313, 7638, 395, 275, 253, 7901, 84, 281, 2393, 5307, 84, 13, 21753, 275, 253, 3563, 5307, 84, 481, 496, 841, 2173, 2219, 13, 4583, 5974, 8362, 313, 4387, 285, 3055, 8362, 5678, 10, 671, 6137, 13, 891, 15, 70, 15, 3055, 8362, 369, 417, 908, 281, 23514, 323, 436, 15, 5595, 4722, 432, 247, 3646, 7103, 8668, 403, 2219, 275, 534, 13001, 574, 253, 4736, 273, 9745, 670, 15036, 275, 253, 2105, 14, 35870, 6654, 15, 6102, 9437, 497, 1160, 275, 1740, 273, 253, 1083, 1263, 4343, 27, 21753, 13, 5854, 13, 6176, 285, 24084, 15, 733, 369, 2011, 326, 432, 247, 15846, 4832, 1127, 273, 1859, 13, 253, 35096, 9801, 23809, 275, 6176, 285, 24084, 497, 31381, 16453, 275, 7990, 15, 7160, 4388, 369, 281, 2085, 253, 985, 342, 625, 8064, 13, 1293, 26401, 30897, 253, 12687, 593, 273, 253, 1345, 8776, 275, 2169, 4730, 8362, 15, 380, 1783, 2692, 326, 436, 8103, 369, 6786, 275, 24084, 285, 281, 690, 4248, 275, 6176, 15, 496, 21753, 13, 253, 3302, 4736, 273, 16984, 35096, 8128, 4620, 281, 452, 644, 281, 3324, 670, 247, 2036, 5333, 275, 253, 2105, 14, 35870, 6654, 2581, 685, 281, 2572, 253, 8064, 2130, 281, 253, 985, 15, 1310, 436, 310, 253, 3451, 7914, 273, 253, 6944, 3646, 7342, 13, 840, 253, 29535, 8460, 476, 320, 2783, 247, 313, 14458, 14, 27379, 10, 2323, 27, 253, 10199, 273, 35096, 8128, 4391, 253, 2105, 14, 35870, 6654, 13, 533, 858, 417, 1421, 281, 271, 2572, 275, 4583, 8064, 323, 10003, 15, 496, 5854, 13, 275, 4499, 281, 253, 643, 1264, 16196, 10533, 4343, 5421, 1060, 13, 253, 35096, 9801, 23809, 47516, 13657, 253, 985, 715, 247, 1566, 275, 534, 3055, 9021, 5752, 347, 247, 2022, 39642, 273, 15772, 8362, 273, 2169, 4730, 15, 37664, 253, 954, 3332, 8460, 432, 4050, 313, 4609, 2550, 2568, 320, 6760, 10481, 984, 352, 310, 594, 3332, 10, 2722, 247, 2590, 5333, 281, 3055, 8362, 273, 2169, 4730, 342, 49005, 285, 7848, 1430, 3237, 1146, 26353, 4215, 949, 247, 11088, 1345, 10119, 6974, 15, 380, 5300, 12103, 949, 747, 9801, 14, 13472, 6021, 403, 417, 1900, 22171, 275, 4088, 326, 651, 320, 3264, 281, 591, 916, 4360, 3157, 253, 5974, 2793, 844, 3877, 326, 2439, 247, 1180, 273, 1083, 2175, 13, 253, 14955, 689, 673, 369, 323, 3484, 468, 14, 34632, 11878, 281, 6054, 13, 1014, 672, 15772, 6021, 591, 14, 39095, 369, 11002, 15, 831, 310, 247, 1953, 273, 10197, 42, 8770, 6949, 970, 25295, 4521, 261, 378, 313, 2887, 10372, 577, 481, 380, 954, 9559, 1650, 273, 436, 369, 275, 6144, 13, 835, 5974, 14, 442, 12844, 11878, 9461, 49917, 595, 407, 1384, 6, 1014, 347, 591, 14, 39095, 6021, 9461, 407, 3387, 7739, 3308, 13, 1223, 352, 778, 320, 2032, 326, 8128, 1056, 10003, 1805, 745, 13, 597, 513, 417, 7933, 1056, 323, 247, 1805, 5974, 2793, 13, 1014, 672, 591, 14, 39095, 6021, 310, 11002, 15, 1707, 403, 1264, 2022, 4606, 2139, 436, 310, 594, 15, 35346, 13, 275, 690, 2219, 13, 747, 8064, 403, 9940, 281, 7466, 2581, 685 ]	of ratios of average wages of higher education and secondary school graduates ( ) May 7 Acknowledgements In various ways, numerous researchers from around the globe have provided input to this project, which the authors gratefully acknowledge. The authors would like to thank in particular our international advisors D. Bruce Johnstone, Jan Sadlak and Jamil Salmi for providing their expertise at various stages of the project; it was invaluable for designing the study and conducting the analyses on which this final report is based. Furthermore, the authors would like to acknowledge the support in data research and interpretation provided by the national experts: Martin Unger and Jakob Hartl (Austria), Alison Johnston (UK-England), Jussi Kivistö and Elias Pekkola (Finland), Tamás Kozma, József Temesi and Zsuzsanna Veroszta (Hungary), Cezary Kościelniak (Poland), Luisa Cerdeira (Portugal) and Hwanbo Park (South Korea). Finally, the authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Lori McElroy, Pamela Marcucci and Ronja Wöstheinrich, who helped conduct background research and improve the national and comparative reports. May 8 Executive Summary Higher education systems have been and are still faced with the task of accommodating growing numbers of students without compromising the quality of education, and without creating undesirable inequalities in access and completion. It is in this context that governments have been adjusting the balance of public and private resources with the goal of achieving more inclusive, more effective, and more sustainable higher education systems. Internationally comparative data sets show that over the last two decades, there has been a general shift towards larger shares of private funding of higher education (see Chapter 2). This shift was achieved largely through raising additional or higher revenues from tuition fees (sometimes termed student contributions ). The concept of cost-sharing is used here to investigate this shift in the balance of public and private funding. Changes in the way costs are shared can take several forms, including the introduction of tuition fees where they did not previously exist or a sharp increase where they already did. They can also involve a reduction or even a freezing of student grants or student loan subsidies (reductions in student aid also constitute an increase in the private funding necessary to cover educational and living costs), but also public policies that encourage enrolment shifts from a heavily subsidised public sector to a much less subsidised, fee-dependent private sector. Looking at cost-sharing from the student perspective, the study focusses on student netcosts, i.e. total costs borne by a student after consideration of tuition fees and compensatory study aid. Even in countries without tuition fees, there is still a substantial amount of cost-sharing because no higher education system covers students' educational and living costs completely. It is surmised that an increase in private costs to students will impact on the behaviour of students. The study also looks at the institutional side of cost-sharing and investigates the changing balance of public and private revenues for higher education institutions (HEIs). From the perspective of HEIs, cost-sharing involves changes to the share of public and private funding as income sources (and thus the respective role of tuition fees, contract income, philanthropic donations, etc. as opposed to state funding). Since a change to this balance affects the relative importance of these sources, it is assumed that it will also change the behaviour of HEIs. Reflecting on the expected impacts on student and HEI behaviours of changes to the cost- sharing balance, the study is framed by four hypotheses as part of a single comprehensive policy analysis model. The hypotheses pick up on key aspects of sustainability, effectiveness and equity of tuition fee policies in higher education. Hypothesis A: As private funding increases, total revenue of HEIs increases. Hypothesis B: As the incentives to earn private funding increase, HEIs become more responsive to student demand. Hypothesis C: Increasing private funding has a negative effect on student demand. Hypothesis D: Increasing private funding affects student choice of how and what to study. To investigate how public and private funding changed and what impact various changes have had on the behaviour of HEIs and students, the authors carried out nine systematic country case studies seven countries from the European Union and two from outside Europe (Austria, Canada, England, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Portugal and May 9 South Korea). This selection of countries provides a variety of settings in which to investigate the effects. Different countries were chosen according to the following criteria: geographic coverage, economic strength, population size, enrolment numbers, share of students in private higher education, degree of public funding of institutions, changes to private funding, tuition fee policy, and student financial aid provision. It was surmised that the countries with the biggest and most rapid shifts in tuition fee policy would be most interesting for the study, since such shifts could be expected to have greater impact on student and HEI behaviour than a generally stable tuition fee policy. For this reason the cases were split into discontinuity countries (Austria, England, Germany and Portugal) and continuity countries (Canada, Finland, Hungary, Poland and South Korea) for the analysis. The table below presents a summary overview of the country patterns (a detailed overview of the developments can be found in Table 2.2 of the main report). Overview of tuition fee policy change in the period of investigation Share of fee-paying students Increased England 1998 England 2006 Germany 2006/07 Austria 2001 Stayed the same Finland Portugal 2003 (England 2012)* South Korea Canada Decreased Poland Austria 2009 Germany Hungary Average amount paid per student Decreased Stayed the same Increased Note: When no year is given it means that any change was gradual. (England 2012)*: The 2012 tuition fee reform in England is outside the period of investigation of this study, but will be included where data are available and relevant for the purpose of this study. For each case study country, a detailed national report assembles all the elements of the respective cost-sharing system to fully portray the balance between public and private sources of revenues (see National Reports in the main appendix). Main Findings From the analysis, we can make the following observations with respect to how changes in fees affect students and institutions: Higher education data systems remain incomplete The state of the data needed to reasonably assess the state of access to higher education is in many countries fairly poor. In some countries notably Hungary and Poland even obtaining simple information about institutional income sources is nearly impossible. Furthermore, even tracking the level of tuition fees which are actually paid remains difficult in some jurisdictions. This situation presents a constraint for policy-based research on a national level, but makes studies aiming to provide a robust evidence base on a cross-national level even more challenging. The conclusions drawn from this study must be viewed in the light of this fact. May 10 The introduction of tuition fees usually makes the system better-off overall, by increasing the total amount of resources available The study concludes that as private funding for institutions increased, public revenues did not tend to decrease, bringing about an overall increase in institutional income (Hypothesis A, see Chapter 3). The hypothesis was tested using per-student income from public and private sources as a basic indicator. It was found that for most countries and periods of time, the hypothesis can be verified. The few periods of decreasing public perstudent income corresponded to phases of either economic crisis (Canada in the 1990s) or massive enrolment growth (Poland in the 1990s to early 2000s, Austria in the late 2000s). In these specific cases, overall student funding (public and private funding combined) also decreased, i.e. private funding was not used to compensate for this. Most interesting from a policy evaluation perspective are cases in which governments had the goal of bringing about shifts in the cost-sharing balance. Such attempts were made in four of the case study countries: Austria, England, Germany and Portugal. It was shown that from a purely financial point of view, the tuition fee reforms in Germany and Portugal were comparatively modest in scope. Their aim was to provide the system with more funds, without fundamentally altering the predominance of the public sector in higher education funding. The analysis showed that this objective was achieved in Portugal and to some degree in Germany. In Austria, the initial goal of introducing tuition fees appears to have been to bring about a net shift in the cost-sharing balance rather than to increase the funds available to the system. If this is the correct interpretation of the underlying policy goals, then the Austrian reform can be considered a (short-lived) success: the introduction of tuition fees changed the cost-sharing balance, but did not lead to an increase in overall funds for institutions. In England, in contrast to the other three discontinuity countries studied here, the tuition fee reforms successively transformed the system into a model in which private contributions serve as a mainstay of institutional funding of higher education. Particularly the most recent reform from 2012 (which cannot yet be evaluated sufficiently because it is so recent) shows a clear shift to private funding of higher education with liquidity and affordability problems being alleviated through a comprehensive public loan scheme. The resources gained through new fee-derived income are not always invested in ways that would be expected to perceptibly improve the student experience We note that across a number of case studies, the tendency over time was for studentsper-staff ratios to rise, even when institutional income per-student was rising. This is a question of HEI behaviour investigated using Hypothesis B (see Chapter 4). The most extreme example of this was in Canada, where student-teacher ratios rose detrimentally by 20% even as per-student income rose by 40%. Thus, while it may be true that fees make institutions better off, they do not necessarily make for a better student experience, even when per-student income is rising. There are three main reasons why this is so. Firstly, in some cases, new funds are dedicated to expansion rather than
[ 2829, 323, 37108, 15, 380, 36580, 671, 403, 2403, 247, 7450, 281, 861, 253, 1892, 14, 394, 18639, 33074, 7071, 263, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2926, 2296, 253, 46847, 968, 5439, 616, 3959, 432, 2620, 14, 10526, 13, 370, 1012, 3041, 281, 370, 1036, 3041, 15, 380, 1304, 13, 32249, 271, 42540, 7758, 2603, 13, 753, 253, 5453, 11210, 457, 85, 4336, 1677, 598, 3524, 273, 15428, 37108, 15, 1292, 253, 2285, 310, 973, 6600, 627, 403, 2169, 42863, 562, 627, 15, 187, 187, 3378, 616, 3710, 5054, 5300, 13, 253, 46847, 968, 6403, 457, 85, 5480, 281, 3986, 253, 370, 938, 3041, 1616, 15, 187, 187, 3378, 642, 1375, 6021, 2891, 275, 7758, 13, 253, 46847, 968, 497, 11525, 247, 5777, 1679, 3959, 323, 37108, 778, 452, 26740, 264, 253, 3127, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 281, 861, 15, 187, 187, 45885, 1342, 556, 644, 2444, 562, 275, 3684, 7758, 342, 521, 2810, 3331, 32064, 610, 4922, 2339, 273, 253, 36580, 15, 37108, 457, 84, 16027, 281, 4922, 2339, 812, 9142, 2489, 247, 18000, 2803, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 4839, 37108, 588, 1056, 521, 3061, 3517, 13, 4931, 689, 253, 8849, 15, 187, 187, 23062, 187, 187, 510, 1563, 403, 40618, 390, 2579, 10880, 273, 11432, 6884, 27141, 14429, 285, 778, 320, 908, 760, 342, 9214, 273, 11432, 6884, 27141, 25626, 13, 3690, 15, 390, 253, 4623, 11432, 6884, 27141, 10726, 27, 11432, 6884, 13, 11432, 6884, 27141, 13, 36481, 13, 253, 43031, 37883, 7074, 18479, 13, 3645, 12234, 13, 3313, 6884, 13, 2448, 6884, 13, 9333, 12234, 13, 6884, 11218, 12234, 13, 1876, 14, 16043, 10850, 13, 285, 253, 4454, 13, 15278, 7886, 13, 48757, 13, 6447, 11809, 13, 3295, 13553, 13, 285, 44216, 507, 2216, 839, 253, 11432, 6884, 27141, 15202, 285, 14429, 13, 285, 616, 9056, 43796, 1502, 13, 3394, 285, 44742, 15, 510, 7671, 21506, 5399, 313, 39, 2648, 10, 310, 7219, 281, 11479, 253, 4104, 2036, 41056, 5323, 13, 534, 8884, 326, 8573, 2579, 11967, 313, 1830, 3724, 10, 812, 417, 3959, 5087, 23652, 1320, 281, 4384, 4413, 285, 2406, 18819, 323, 643, 3238, 15, 1176, 4008, 310, 5211, 281, 923, 253, 10132, 564, 13, 352, 369, 581, 273, 253, 4110, 3724, 326, 5611, 3809, 24914, 13, 954, 19836, 2866, 6707, 625, 9280, 187, 187, 27642, 342, 6707, 10639, 187, 187, 16008, 3778, 556, 1024, 644, 29773, 275, 347, 253, 5329, 394, 4007, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 273, 3968, 15, 23243, 342, 521, 5286, 13, 253, 747, 4007, 588, 441, 379, 275, 247, 1180, 273, 36927, 2544, 1905, 5742, 275, 253, 2170, 273, 39063, 285, 253, 1533, 273, 37377, 15, 1707, 310, 247, 2266, 6387, 326, 253, 747, 5219, 3995, 5286, 2866, 6707, 625, 9280, 50, 27, 187, 187, 39527, 604, 622, 1694, 2770, 1955, 281, 530, 3077, 3100, 27193, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 2403, 271, 622, 326, 11359, 3540, 273, 690, 9287, 398, 326, 24510, 342, 271, 2608, 2931, 7726, 15, 187, 42, 1849, 1160, 352, 594, 672, 253, 10028, 12646, 13, 253, 2250, 4060, 2296, 346, 29099, 999, 3446, 2091, 368, 5532, 436, 13, 253, 622, 13279, 13, 285, 1060, 309, 971, 281, 2794, 253, 1735, 24388, 13, 533, 253, 1895, 310, 326, 309, 1053, 626, 871, 604, 253, 622, 13279, 984, 253, 19313, 6409, 369, 32033, 390, 604, 253, 19313, 11226, 1223, 253, 622, 369, 3515, 15, 187, 31568, 1694, 667, 5697, 32, 2490, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 42, 1053, 626, 871, 604, 619, 1953, 369, 12744, 533, 352, 3133, 326, 309, 1694, 577, 1027, 9172, 326, 512, 3731, 22416, 264, 619, 1953, 1163, 49, 187, 6436, 13, 309, 6888, 326, 253, 858, 40330, 12599, 3650, 400, 8518, 6569, 875, 588, 15886, 18635, 2595, 285, 858, 35, 886, 485, 16754, 13, 594, 309, 858, 436, 281, 3653, 604, 253, 622, 369, 2168, 1527, 390, 417, 27, 187, 8422, 4353, 10, 13259, 10477, 9571, 12332, 9657, 13259, 858, 40330, 12599, 27193, 10477, 54, 3077, 3100, 27193, 9657, 42942, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 4883, 6800, 38217, 12535, 2348, 432, 19313, 32, 2462, 33, 995, 369, 688, 4507, 3736, 27508, 9820, 1476, 1163, 27508, 2369, 48708, 187, 94, 187, 187, 14, 313, 4353, 10, 13259, 12978, 15886, 18635, 2595, 10477, 9571, 12332, 9657, 13259, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 4238, 688, 4507, 426, 22487, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 14, 313, 4353, 10, 13259, 8917, 35, 886, 485, 16754, 10477, 9571, 12332, 9657, 13259, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 4238, 688, 4507, 426, 7651, 28, 187, 187, 94, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 510, 686, 28113, 8, 1039, 281, 513, 436, 310, 281, 9186, 634, 6640, 12332, 434, 2898, 5443, 2867, 275, 253, 2898, 27, 14958, 40330, 32842, 27193, 27, 1332, 273, 634, 24565, 15, 187, 4509, 253, 10097, 323, 10885, 1980, 30584, 27, 187, 187, 46716, 5838, 27, 496, 16567, 13, 368, 476, 3653, 1880, 271, 2898, 310, 10098, 187, 50276, 284, 247, 906, 273, 253, 2608, 37005, 253, 2250, 6409, 390, 1880, 253, 187, 50276, 42942, 369, 8549, 281, 253, 2168, 14, 24220, 2898, 407, 187, 50276, 911, 312, 1699, 253, 2898, 1375, 15, 496, 253, 24565, 457, 84, 7092, 273, 187, 50276, 783, 2898, 27, 14958, 40330, 32842, 27193, 27, 390, 187, 50276, 13259, 27, 14958, 40330, 12599, 27193, 27, 1332, 13, 755, 253, 1318, 273, 253, 187, 50276, 13259, 5443, 2867, 285, 7472, 352, 15, 1310, 253, 1318, 310, 187, 50276, 9571, 12332, 5443, 688, 4507, 13, 253, 2608, 32033, 253, 2250, 6409, 28, 604, 253, 187, 50276, 2877, 310, 12693, 12332, 5443, 16754, 13, 253, 2898, 369, 2914, 2252, 672, 187, 50276, 262, 2959, 253, 19313, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 2074, 281, 634, 2900, 970, 12201, 873, 275, 2898, 12978, 15886, 18635, 2595, 285, 2898, 8917, 35, 886, 485, 16754, 533, 342, 985, 1329, 15, 535, 43963, 187, 187, 510, 5441, 285, 1491, 2530, 281, 4212, 275, 253, 7223, 273, 253, 43605, 5738, 4422, 403, 323, 46373, 6378, 760, 15, 28100, 943, 417, 10725, 327, 1491, 327, 436, 43605, 5738, 4422, 323, 667, 4096, 643, 685, 323, 21896, 2087, 3640, 273, 253, 2567, 15, 17724, 778, 320, 4391, 390, 9300, 1293, 4366, 15, 43605, 5738, 310, 247, 941, 11716, 327, 11136, 273, 1165, 21, 3690, 15, 187, 187, 30430, 12793, 398, 21882, 247, 7088, 18451, 27292, 310, 3010, 5706, 36484, 34646, 247, 401, 4306, 2639, 187, 187, 51, 35043, 20293, 3519, 52, 13, 6192, 18295, 9, 45483, 37008, 411, 29349, 32186, 187, 30430, 2856, 398, 1537, 452, 1805, 7516, 4560, 2305, 15, 390, 10137, 15, 10154, 604, 597, 187, 35933, 562, 253, 6222, 5406, 273, 616, 8214, 1113, 342, 271, 2460, 273, 187, 14094, 6152, 4868, 13, 2556, 281, 247, 3332, 6630, 407, 47815, 285, 29954, 187, 17831, 5901, 15, 380, 767, 4413, 49586, 327, 253, 3907, 6630, 273, 187, 27381, 2856, 398, 281, 1805, 2096, 253, 2954, 875, 15065, 285, 187, 409, 593, 15, 187, 187, 510, 6630, 1119, 326, 247, 2442, 3522, 457, 84, 6152, 4868, 812, 1128, 263, 4931, 187, 11425, 1128, 1257, 253, 3064, 875, 1863, 532, 272, 1669, 390, 987, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 9135, 187, 25250, 273, 3909, 2856, 398, 1333, 1907, 247, 1175, 6152, 4868, 310, 625, 187, 1595, 36484, 685, 6276, 247, 5322, 1113, 15, 22300, 13, 2456, 2558, 1158, 247, 1175, 187, 44689, 4868, 310, 625, 12994, 685, 271, 13943, 2628, 4060, 13, 285, 3387, 187, 25250, 3718, 247, 1175, 4868, 689, 247, 13318, 4944, 2133, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 2042, 368, 452, 247, 1175, 6152, 4868, 13, 892, 66, 2084, 352, 1806, 2296, 3196, 15, 23442, 14826, 13, 187, 2641, 15, 37, 904, 7015, 8249, 31149, 323, 29954, 15, 681, 15, 773, 3039, 352, 3249, 281, 13597, 13, 187, 66, 1175, 6152, 4868, 35267, 634, 20187, 1318, 13, 9073, 368, 3330, 247, 5506, 13, 187, 5056, 14, 3945, 7832, 13, 625, 594, 685, 690, 643, 18701, 326, 3909, 2856, 398, 187, 22732, 6780, 327, 616, 6222, 15, 22405, 12088, 13, 533, 634, 6152, 4868, 476, 187, 9293, 518, 625, 670, 665, 368, 403, 347, 247, 1436, 13, 285, 21864, 5194, 326, 1110, 187, 3113, 1175, 6152, 5257, 281, 320, 49307, 784, 285, 9630, 1425, 187, 187, 34, 6152, 4868, 310, 247, 2557, 273, 4832, 8294, 13, 534, 10447, 187, 25250, 273, 6630, 15102, 1333, 310, 247, 1077, 390, 6685, 1774, 187, 15177, 672, 2819, 323, 247, 1436, 281, 3522, 15, 18598, 8294, 187, 14092, 2169, 685, 2067, 643, 1774, 18701, 13, 347, 9963, 2558, 1333, 247, 187, 33829, 273, 20393, 310, 1077, 390, 6685, 1774, 13, 8319, 2558, 1333, 187, 1595, 974, 6460, 13, 2456, 2558, 1333, 30385, 13, 5976, 2558, 1333, 15838, 285, 6931, 187, 25250, 1333, 771, 14197, 15, 187, 187, 14358, 2255, 285, 1821, 1318, 4832, 8294, 13, 347, 10484, 2558, 273, 187, 31450, 285, 9901, 2558, 273, 1821, 1333, 4832, 8294, 310, 247, 1077, 390, 187, 2068, 42807, 1774, 3290, 275, 247, 2442, 7832, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 1057, 1175, 6152, 1804, 670, 247, 2442, 3522, 32, 2091, 2546, 281, 187, 888, 1419, 5319, 273, 3095, 342, 247, 1175, 6152, 4868, 13, 11087, 2558, 187, 1171, 6630, 15102, 753, 5506, 13, 3387, 2558, 753, 46808, 285, 187, 1839, 2558, 753, 7060, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 34, 6152, 4868, 310, 271, 1774, 2557, 273, 4832, 8294, 347, 187, 262, 23267, 35252, 285, 15274, 689, 673, 672, 352, 3249, 281, 14419, 187, 12550, 33129, 13, 417, 7933, 849, 1199, 2583, 368, 1056, 390, 752, 368, 452, 187, 249, 253, 4310, 1806, 2296, 20428, 3083, 17408, 13, 47815, 457, 84, 12008, 4007, 273, 7138, 285, 187, 45908, 16039, 15, 773, 47271, 273, 634, 6152, 4868, 13, 581, 273, 253, 10149, 281, 187, 303, 40037, 634, 6152, 1786, 310, 3365, 1146, 6600, 273, 634, 4868, 15, 2064, 187, 36871, 476, 873, 368, 327, 253, 1854, 2584, 11138, 390, 11850, 634, 187, 18891, 15, 14820, 13, 352, 476, 13673, 271, 4722, 1128, 395, 1774, 1128, 585, 36381, 327, 247, 187, 2754, 1425, 187, 187, 31568, 6110, 275, 12669, 616, 401, 24218, 8942, 18451, 27292, 18, 13, 187, 10387, 1110, 665, 403, 417, 47815, 6383, 13, 476, 513, 594, 323, 1959, 407, 187, 5681, 281, 47815, 15, 681, 16, 38482, 29064, 9290, 15, 187, 688, 1635, 281, 247, 401, 24218, 8942, 27292, 13, 47815, 457, 84, 18451, 27292, 9290, 187, 11404, 1487, 1491, 285, 12288, 715, 253, 2620, 9050, 326, 187, 1987, 3337, 281, 581, 457, 84, 401, 24218, 8942, 27292, 15, 187, 187, 30430, 12793, 398, 6272, 388, 265, 262, 386, 281, 25664, 7198, 1972, 187, 187, 6175, 3909, 2856, 398, 1158, 247, 2442, 7832, 457, 84, 33129, 403, 1774, 13, 187, 783, 6630, 1119, 326, 253, 3517, 383, 954, 651, 1928, 9848, 4540, 5555, 187, 9750, 14033, 4278, 1128, 10328, 347, 616, 2408, 273, 6735, 13, 6152, 4868, 13, 6021, 285, 187, 1033, 1946, 16964, 1128, 12756, 320, 1561, 253, 806, 2800, 2607, 273, 247, 2954, 15, 187, 6300, 818, 2558, 390, 11184, 651, 17611, 824, 8692, 1078, 4804, 3095, 187, 249, 1436, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5020, 273, 6630, 15102, 1333, 597, 403, 760, 5777, 187, 12625, 494, 390, 417, 9848, 387, 512, 342, 253, 2934, 273, 9628, 4832, 187, 18480, 327, 247, 13597, 622, 390, 4422, 15, 831, 3797, 10447, 2558, 665, 187, 39336, 5777, 9848, 390, 417, 9848, 387, 512, 9628, 1491, 187, 10383, 616, 2408, 273, 6735, 13, 10447, 2558, 616, 6152, 4868, 13, 6705, 2558, 187, 14094, 6021, 285, 8676, 2558, 616, 9100, 16964, 15, 187, 187, 510, 581, 2181, 15102, 513, 1928, 9848, 9628, 327, 247, 13597, 187, 37054, 390, 622, 310, 616, 8410, 3708, 13, 347, 6705, 2558, 1928, 1077, 390, 187, 2068, 42807, 9848, 9628, 326, 1491, 15, 187, 187, 17398, 1972, 6272, 3010, 19967, 1699, 685, 29219, 285, 27282, 187, 187, 14067, 616, 16063, 4306, 13, 3909, 2856, 398, 651, 513, 973, 281, 452, 253, 2583, 187, 26209, 342, 616, 7832, 19473, 2581, 685, 1996, 15, 380, 6630, 1119, 326, 187, 9750, 1972, 403, 247, 625, 1846, 2954, 7372, 685, 7342, 323, 253, 187, 32279, 13, 5249, 7089, 13, 8672, 13, 5753, 285, 9596, 15, 496, 958, 13, 253, 187, 24330, 414, 273, 1110, 28671, 13, 8676, 2558, 13, 1333, 33129, 497, 247, 2603, 273, 187, 49292, 275, 247, 2469, 390, 1655, 2954, 13, 285, 1283, 2558, 1333, 33129, 187, 1070, 281, 247, 2740, 14, 484, 15, 187, 187, 14102, 3942, 6995, 4380, 5721, 30387, 275, 308 ]	table for Chapman. The Angels also are making a push to sign the hard-throwing Cuban defector. The story says the Marlins raised their offer from five-years, $13 million to $16 million. The report, quoting an unnamed Florida source, said the club hasn’t completely given up hope of signing Chapman. But the team is well aware there are higher bids out there. With their limited economic resources, the Marlins aren’t prepared to reach the $20 million mark. With no state income tax in Florida, the Marlins were hoping a slightly less offer for Chapman may have swayed the 21-year-old to sign. Chapman has been working out in South Florida with his close friend Kendry Morales of the Angels. Chapman’s ties to Morales could ultimately become a deciding factor. There is a chance Chapman will make his decision soon, perhaps over the weekend. Meta The following are trademarks or service marks of Major League Baseball entities and may be used only with permission of Major League Baseball Properties, Inc. or the relevant Major League Baseball entity: Major League, Major League Baseball, MLB, the silhouetted batter logo, World Series, National League, American League, Division Series, League Championship Series, All-Star Game, and the names, nicknames, logos, uniform designs, color combinations, and slogans designating the Major League Baseball clubs and entities, and their respective mascots, events and exhibitions.The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is planning to gut the 2015 net neutrality laws, which declared that internet service providers (ISPs) could not offer paid prioritization to web companies and lower speeds for other services. Comcast is happy to see the regulations go, it was one of the ISPs that introduced fast lanes, most notably… Read more » Connect with ReadWrite Donald Trump has now been sworn in as the 45th president of the United States of America. Along with his administration, the new president will usher in a number of drastic changes — specifically in the area of telecommunications and the world of IoT. There is a strong possibility that the new White House administration… Read more »Q: Detect if app got focus due to UILocalNotification I'm making an app that keeps track of some reminders that repeats with an user defined interval. I've made it so when the alert displays, the action title says "Renew". When you click this, the app opens, and here I want to create the next reminder, but the problem is that I don't know if the app opens because the notification button was tapped or if the notification fired while the app was running. Anyone got any ideas? A: I don't know if my question was unclear but it seems that I got 4 different answers that all misinterpreted my question :P However, I discovered that the didReceiveLocalNotivication happens between willEnterForeground and didBecomeActive, so I did this to determine if the app was already open or not: -(void)application:(UIApplication )application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification )notification { NSLog(@"Opened from notification? %@", wasInactive ? @"yes!" : @"no!"); } - (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication )application { wasInactive = YES; } - (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication )application { wasInactive = NO; } A: The 'correct' way to do this is to examine your NSApplication's applicationState property in the application:didReceiveRemoteNotification: method of your delegate. From the documentation for handling local notifications: iOS Note: In iOS, you can determine whether an application is launched as a result of the user tapping the action button or whether the notification was delivered to the already-running application by examining the application state. In the delegate’s implementation of the application:didReceiveRemoteNotification: or application:didReceiveLocalNotification: method, get the value of the applicationState property and evaluate it. If the value is UIApplicationStateInactive, the user tapped the action button; if the value is UIApplicationStateActive, the application was frontmost when it received the notification. This is similar to your solution using flags set in applicationWillEnterForeground and applicationDidBecomeActive but with system support. Disclaimer The facts and information provided to users in the pages of the Virtua website are for informational purposes only. Users should not rely on information on this Virtua website for any purpose other than for gaining general knowledge of the company. Material may be changed or updated without notice. Virtua is a data provider on behalf of Q4 Inc. Online Daters Say a Good Credit Score is More Attractive Than a Fancy Car RIVERWOODS, Ill.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Online daters might have better luck finding Mr. or Ms. Right if they swap out the profile picture of their expensive car with an image of their credit score, according to a recent survey by Discover and Match Media Group. The two companies collaborated on the independent survey of online daters to better understand the relationship between finance and romance. The survey found that a potential date’s credit score could—or perhaps should—be the difference between swiping left or right. For example, 58 percent of online daters say having a good credit score is more attractive than driving a nice car. Likewise, 50 percent think a good credit score is more attractive than an impressive job title, and 40 percent favor a good score over a physically fit body. “If you have a good credit score, flaunt it,” says Dr. Helen Fisher, Ph.D., chief scientific advisor for Match.com. “When it comes to dating, a good credit score ups your mate value, helping you win a responsible, long-term partner, more so than some other qualities that online daters might highlight on their profile. Money talks, but your credit score can speak more about who you are as a person, and singles agree that those with good credit tend to be conscientious and reliable.” A credit score is a measure of financial responsibility, which 69 percent of survey respondents say is a very or extremely important quality when looking for a person to date. Financial responsibility rated higher than several other important qualities, as 67 percent say a sense of humor is very or extremely important, 51 percent say attractiveness, 50 percent say ambition, 42 percent say courage and 39 percent say modesty. Both women and men value financial responsibility, as 77 percent of women and 61 percent of men say financial responsibility is a very or extremely important quality in a potential partner. What does good credit suggest about a potential date? When asked to identify characteristics of someone with a good credit score, 73 percent of survey respondents said responsible, 40 percent said trustworthy and 38 percent said smart. “A credit score is an important measure of financial responsibility as it rewards diligence and consistency over time when it comes to managing your finances, not necessarily how much money you make or what you have in the bank,” says Kate Manfred, Discover’s vice president of brand and consumer insights. “Regardless of your credit score, one of the keys to improving your credit health is simply being aware of your score. That knowledge can set you on the path toward improving or maintaining your score. Plus, it can spark an interesting—and important—conversation on a date.” Anyone interested in checking their FICO® Credit Score1, including those who are not Discover customers, can do so for free by going to Discover.com/CreditScorecard. In addition to a FICO® Score, Discover’s Credit Scorecard provides information and insight into the five categories that contribute to one’s FICO® Score. Online Daters Are Hesitant to Talk Finances While online daters think a potential partner’s finances are important, the survey found that the soonest most would feel comfortable disclosing financial details—such as their amount of debt, credit score, income and spending habits—would be within the first six months of a relationship. Just 7 percent or fewer would disclose such info before meeting someone in person. The majority of survey respondents say they are only slightly comfortable or not comfortable at all with the idea of sharing financial information on a dating app or website. This includes 69 percent who feel slightly comfortable or not comfortable at all sharing information about their amount of debt, 69 percent their credit score, 64 percent their income and 53 percent their spending habits. The one thing respondents do feel comfortable sharing on a dating website or app is their employment status, as 64 percent feel very or extremely comfortable sharing that information. Finances Are More Straining than Kids and Politics Despite their hesitancy, online daters would do well to have the money talk with their partner sooner rather than later. The survey found that finances are a more common relationship strain than goals for the future, career decisions, politics, kids and religion. In fact, the majority of those surveyed, 53 percent, say finances were a source of strain in a past or current relationship, and 18 percent say finances led to a break-up. Survey Insights Featured in T
[ 13, 535, 50274, 5423, 9317, 50254, 50274, 359, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 9252, 9317, 50254, 50274, 664, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 13, 535, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 20, 27, 17, 62, 50255, 1257, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 9252, 9317, 544, 20, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 1257, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 13, 535, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 4090, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 72, 2649, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 7210, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 187, 558, 187, 187, 2948, 30105, 1237, 70, 1449, 81, 64, 19910, 1450, 25350, 187, 2948, 20452, 64, 19910, 1450, 25350, 187, 187, 65, 17331, 46833, 3077, 26573, 187, 46786, 23169, 64, 468, 64, 82, 13, 4098, 64, 468, 64, 82, 13, 391, 7210, 64, 468, 64, 82, 28, 187, 187, 17743, 1577, 551, 187, 50273, 46786, 544, 20144, 64, 40097, 14, 18, 27, 17, 62, 50270, 9834, 28, 187, 50273, 46786, 50254, 359, 28, 187, 50273, 46786, 544, 495, 27, 17, 62, 50260, 1257, 28, 187, 50273, 46786, 544, 17020, 64, 40097, 14, 18, 27, 17, 62, 50270, 88, 2203, 28, 187, 50273, 46786, 544, 17020, 64, 40097, 14, 18, 27, 17, 62, 50270, 83, 2203, 28, 187, 50275, 94, 29282, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 28, 187, 187, 2437, 40819, 64, 72, 2649, 64, 37360, 28, 187, 50273, 17554, 540, 295, 28, 187, 423, 2437, 1163, 40819, 64, 72, 2649, 64, 37360, 187, 187, 2437, 40819, 64, 2203, 64, 37360, 28, 187, 50273, 17554, 540, 295, 28, 187, 423, 2437, 1163, 40819, 64, 2203, 64, 37360, 187, 187, 5719, 3364, 1852, 9, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 10, 5161, 64, 12250, 84, 50268, 30, 747, 36117, 187, 5719, 3364, 1852, 9, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 10, 5161, 64, 373, 793, 50269, 30, 747, 36117, 187, 5719, 3364, 1852, 9, 46786, 10, 50271, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 64, 737, 9581, 426, 747, 36117, 187, 5719, 3364, 1852, 9, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 10, 3541, 64, 3675, 15618, 50275, 30, 747, 36117, 535, 1900, 64, 77, 1506, 187, 3135, 187, 50275, 338, 313, 12250, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 10, 187, 50271, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50275, 7271, 187, 50271, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 990, 535, 1900, 64, 77, 1506, 187, 3135, 187, 50275, 338, 313, 83, 7210, 64, 6441, 64, 74, 10, 187, 50271, 83, 7210, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50275, 7271, 187, 50271, 83, 7210, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 990, 535, 187, 25737, 64, 77, 1506, 187, 3135, 187, 50275, 338, 313, 29656, 64, 6441, 64, 74, 10, 187, 50271, 29656, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50275, 7271, 187, 50271, 29656, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 990, 5429, 1380, 35723, 12639, 187, 3302, 187, 3135, 187, 50273, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 1167, 64, 3649, 28, 187, 50273, 50154, 40819, 64, 72, 2649, 64, 37360, 3343, 64, 37360, 426, 747, 36117, 535, 50273, 565, 14712, 28, 535, 50273, 565, 48073, 13, 2781, 64, 1208, 28, 187, 50273, 4, 740, 28, 605, 14061, 387, 253, 1077, 5068, 187, 50273, 6050, 9, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50269, 33, 9, 7334, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 29656, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 426, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 535, 50269, 4, 18, 28, 535, 50269, 338, 6522, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 10, 3135, 187, 50266, 14061, 9, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 2295, 337, 8, 67, 18, 558, 187, 50269, 423, 535, 50269, 338, 6048, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 60, 17, 3291, 3857, 313, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 2295, 3915, 5543, 10449, 1228, 3135, 50276, 605, 27225, 1703, 35286, 15051, 3481, 3915, 5626, 52, 14789, 2573, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 305, 2649, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50269, 423, 2010, 604, 6048, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 60, 17, 3291, 3857, 313, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 2295, 416, 5543, 2277, 1228, 3135, 187, 50265, 4090, 64, 1208, 426, 2781, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 16306, 426, 3343, 64, 37360, 15, 14719, 907, 1082, 342, 92, 187, 50261, 79, 10122, 470, 28, 187, 50261, 79, 44072, 2781, 64, 1208, 28, 187, 50265, 4718, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 3343, 64, 37360, 15, 79, 28, 535, 50269, 423, 2010, 3135, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 470, 28, 187, 50269, 423, 2756, 50269, 6050, 9, 296, 10037, 3613, 470, 10, 3135, 187, 50266, 33, 9, 570, 2400, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50266, 296, 10037, 42277, 187, 50269, 423, 535, 50269, 33, 9, 570, 2400, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 338, 9, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 2295, 337, 8, 67, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50265, 29656, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 50275, 30, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50265, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 9834, 50276, 30, 26181, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 1257, 50274, 30, 320, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 664, 50274, 30, 359, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 88, 2203, 426, 259, 2203, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 6443, 64, 12250, 84, 15, 1065, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 187, 50265, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 64, 737, 9581, 15, 1065, 9, 18, 8, 67, 18, 558, 187, 50269, 423, 535, 50273, 423, 187, 990, 535, 3302, 187, 3135, 187, 50273, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 1167, 64, 3649, 28, 187, 50273, 50154, 40819, 64, 2203, 64, 37360, 3343, 64, 37360, 426, 747, 36117, 187, 50273, 46786, 7169, 28, 187, 50273, 565, 14712, 13, 48073, 13, 2781, 64, 1208, 28, 535, 50273, 6050, 9, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50269, 33, 9, 7334, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 83, 7210, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 426, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50269, 83, 2203, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 686, 89, 28, 535, 50269, 4, 18, 28, 187, 50269, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 64, 737, 9581, 15, 788, 9, 737, 9581, 558, 535, 50269, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 15, 788, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 535, 50269, 338, 6048, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 60, 17, 3291, 3857, 313, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 2295, 3915, 5543, 10449, 1228, 3135, 50276, 605, 27225, 1703, 35286, 15051, 3481, 3915, 5626, 52, 14789, 2573, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 3588, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50269, 423, 2010, 604, 6048, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 60, 17, 3291, 3857, 313, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 2295, 416, 5543, 2277, 1228, 3135, 187, 50265, 4090, 64, 1208, 426, 2781, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 16306, 426, 3343, 64, 37360, 15, 14719, 907, 1082, 342, 551, 187, 50261, 79, 30189, 470, 28, 187, 50261, 79, 44072, 2781, 64, 1208, 28, 187, 50265, 4718, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 3343, 64, 37360, 15, 79, 28, 535, 50269, 423, 2010, 3135, 535, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 470, 28, 187, 50269, 423, 2756, 50269, 6050, 9, 296, 10037, 3613, 470, 10, 3135, 187, 50265, 33, 9, 570, 2400, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 42277, 187, 50269, 423, 535, 50269, 83, 2203, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 83, 2203, 28, 187, 50269, 83, 7210, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 426, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50273, 423, 187, 990, 535, 3302, 187, 3135, 187, 50273, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 1167, 64, 3649, 28, 187, 50273, 664, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50274, 30, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50273, 12250, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50275, 30, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50273, 9834, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 686, 17, 28, 187, 50273, 1257, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50274, 30, 577, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50273, 88, 2203, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 426, 686, 89, 28, 535, 50273, 6050, 9, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50269, 33, 9, 7334, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 4, 18, 28, 187, 50269, 12250, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50275, 30, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50269, 9834, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 686, 17, 28, 187, 50269, 88, 2203, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 426, 686, 89, 28, 187, 50269, 6443, 64, 12250, 84, 15, 788, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 187, 50269, 12250, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50275, 30, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50269, 9834, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 9834, 28, 187, 50269, 664, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50274, 30, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 664, 28, 187, 50269, 1257, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50274, 30, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 1257, 28, 187, 50269, 88, 2203, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 426, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 88, 2203, 28, 535, 50269, 14061, 9, 29656, 64, 468, 64, 82, 558, 187, 50269, 20704, 64, 3675, 15618, 15, 1065, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 535, 50273, 423, 187, 990, 535, 3302, 187, 3135, 187, 50273, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 1167, 64, 3649, 28, 187, 50273, 6050, 9, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50269, 20704, 64, 3675, 15618, 15, 788, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 535, 50269, 14061, 9, 83, 7210, 64, 468, 64, 82, 2295, 337, 8, 67, 18, 558, 187, 50269, 33, 9, 570, 2400, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 83, 2203, 426, 391, 2203, 64, 6441, 64, 74, 28, 535, 50269, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 15, 1065, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 535, 50273, 423, 187, 990, 187, 2634, 7287, 187, 990, 8640, 187, 34, 1481, 1120, 19274, 985, 323, 8356, 19427, 253, 1899, 273, 247, 1481, 1120, 273, 247, 4958, 7319, 15, 380, 1481, 1120, 476, 320, 247, 1612, 1481, 1120, 326, 310, 629, 273, 247, 1612, 7319, 985, 13, 835, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 476, 320, 838, 292, 407, 247, 7319, 45628, 342, 253, 643, 6887, 273, 253, 7319, 275, 247, 3541, 1159, 2391, 2413, 1358, 2700, 15, 9906, 15, 681, 16, 4066, 592, 16, 3016, 1518, 1549, 1099, 29407, 32, 307, 78, 64, 6756, 30, 20773, 14, 72, 11095, 14, 18316, 40504, 1982, 1518, 1549, 1099, 29407, 428, 24689, 5372, 19427, 1481, 28891, 985, 187, 187, 34, 1481, 1120, 19274, 985, 323, 8356, 19427, 253, 1899, 273, 247, 1481, 1120, 273, 247, 4958, 7319, 15, 380, 1481, 1120, 476, 320, 247, 1612, 1481, 1120, 326, 310, 629, 273, 247, 1612, 7319, 985, 13, 835, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 476, 320, 838, 292, 407, 247, 7319, 45628, 342, 253, 643, 6887, 273, 253, 7319, 275, 247, 3541, 1159, 15, 380, 985, 3797, 247, 7319, 45628, 17950, 985, 326, 21768, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 7319, 45628, 434, 1481, 13, 2927, 390, 643, 17754, 3386, 281, 3653, 247, 6799, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 15, 380, 985, 26662, 253, 4588, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 281, 253, 6799, 1899, 13, 285, 8356, 4575, 84, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 281, 253, 6799, 1899, 15, 496, 581, 14704, 13, 271, 6979, 985, 14802, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 7319, 45628, 434, 1481, 15, 496, 1529, 14704, 13, 253, 985, 14802, 253, 1899, 273, 7319, 45628, 434, 2927, 1754, 327, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 6254, 1930, 11472, 15, 187, 187, 30128, 9, 24, 10, 187, 187, 34200, 84, 9, 1423, 10, 187, 187, 18, 15, 329, 1481, 1120, 19274, 985, 323, 8356, 19274, 247, 1481, 1120, 273, 247, 4958, 7319, 13, 753, 985, 11616, 27, 187, 187, 66, 1481, 1120, 8468, 323, 15549, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 13, 753, 1481, 1120, 8468, 11365, 247, 1481, 1120, 1899, 2625, 24838, 273, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 28, 187, 187, 66, 7319, 45628, 15549, 749, 14 ]	, input logic we_core_i, output logic we_mem_o, input logic [3:0] be_core_i, output logic [3:0] be_mem_o, input logic [31:0] stall_en_i, input logic [31:0] stall_mode_i, input logic [31:0] max_stall_i, input logic [31:0] gnt_stall_i, input logic [31:0] valid_stall_i ); import cv32e40p_pkg::; import perturbation_pkg::; `ifndef VERILATOR logic req_per_q, grant_per_q, rvalid_per_q; typedef struct { logic [ADDR_WIDTH-1:0] addr; logic we; logic [ 3:0] be; logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] wdata; logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] rdata; } stall_mem_t; class rand_gnt_cycles; rand int n; endclass : rand_gnt_cycles class rand_data_cycles; rand int n; endclass : rand_data_cycles mailbox #(stall_mem_t) core_reqs = new (); mailbox #(stall_mem_t) core_resps = new (); mailbox #(logic) core_resps_granted = new (); mailbox #(stall_mem_t) memory_transfers = new (); always_latch begin if (req_core_i) req_per_q <= 1'b1; else req_per_q <= 1'b0; end always_latch begin if (rvalid_mem_i) rvalid_per_q <= 1'b1; else rvalid_per_q <= 1'b0; end always_latch begin if (grant_mem_i) grant_per_q <= 1'b1; else grant_per_q <= 1'b0; end //Grant Process initial begin stall_mem_t mem_acc; automatic rand_gnt_cycles wait_cycles = new (); int temp; int stalls, max_val; #10;//wait at the very beginning while(1) begin @(posedge clk_i); grant_core_o = 1'b0; #1; if (!req_per_q) begin wait(req_per_q == 1'b1); end if ((stall_en_i[0]) && (stall_mode_i == STANDARD)) begin //FIXED NUMBER OF STALLS MODE stalls = gnt_stall_i; end else if ((stall_en_i[0]) && (stall_mode_i == RANDOM)) begin max_val = max_stall_i; temp = wait_cycles.randomize() with{ n >= 0; n<= max_val; }; stalls = wait_cycles.n; end else begin stalls = 0; end while(stalls != 0) begin @(negedge clk_i); stalls--; end @(negedge clk_i); if(req_per_q == 1'b1) begin grant_core_o = 1'b1; mem_acc.addr = addr_core_i; mem_acc.be = be_core_i; mem_acc.we = we_core_i; mem_acc.wdata = wdata_core_i; core_reqs.put(mem_acc); core_resps_granted.put(1'b1); end end end initial begin stall_mem_t mem_acc; automatic rand_data_cycles wait_cycles = new (); logic granted; int temp, stalls, max_val; while(1) begin @(posedge clk_i); rvalid_core_o = 1'b0; rdata_core_o = 'x; #1; core_resps_granted.get(granted); core_resps.get(mem_acc); if ((stall_en_i[0]) && (stall_mode_i == STANDARD)) begin //FIXED NUMBER OF STALLS MODE stalls = valid_stall_i; end else if ((stall_en_i[0]) && (stall_mode_i == RANDOM)) begin max_val = max_stall_i; temp = wait_cycles.randomize() with { n>= 0; n<= max_val; }; stalls = wait_cycles.n; end else begin stalls = 0; end while(stalls != 0) begin @(negedge clk_i); stalls--; end rdata_core_o = mem_acc.rdata; rvalid_core_o = 1'b1; end end initial begin stall_mem_t mem_acc; we_mem_o = 1'b0; req_mem_o = 1'b0; addr_mem_o = '0; be_mem_o = 4'b0; wdata_mem_o = 'x; while(1) begin @(posedge clk_i); #1; req_mem_o = 1'b0; addr_mem_o = '0; wdata_mem_o = 'x; core_reqs.get(mem_acc); req_mem_o = 1'b1; addr_mem_o = mem_acc.addr; we_mem_o = mem_acc.we; be_mem_o = mem_acc.be; wdata_mem_o = mem_acc.wdata; wait(grant_per_q); memory_transfers.put(mem_acc); end end initial begin stall_mem_t mem_acc; while(1) begin memory_transfers.get(mem_acc); wait(rvalid_per_q == 1'b1); @(negedge clk_i); mem_acc.rdata = rdata_mem_i; core_resps.put(mem_acc); end end `endif endmodule A headrest positioning system for automatically adjusting the position of a headrest of a vehicle seat. The headrest can be a power headrest that is part of a power seat system, where the position of the headrest can be preset by a seat occupant with the other positions of the seat in a memory function....http://www.google.com/patents/US20060250016?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20060250016 - Automatically adjusting head restraint system A headrest positioning system for automatically adjusting the position of a headrest of a vehicle seat. The headrest can be a power headrest that is part of a power seat system, where the position of the headrest can be preset by a seat occupant with the other positions of the seat in a memory function. The system includes a seat occupant sensing system that senses the position of the seat occupant's head, eyes or other facial features to determine a desired position of the headrest. The system compares the actual position of the headrest to the desired position, and automatically adjusts the position of the headrest to the desired position. In one embodiment, an imaging system determines the position of the seat occupant's head. In another embodiment, the system determines the position of seat occupant's eyes based on the position of the driver side mirror. Images(7) Claims(22) 1. A headrest positioning system for automatically positioning a headrest of a vehicle seat, said system comprising: a headrest sensor for detecting the position of the headrest, said headrest sensor generating a headrest position signal indicative of the position of the headrest; a seat occupant detecting sub-
[ 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 21125, 15668, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 39865, 15668, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 4807, 15668, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 8846, 4807, 25, 2548, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 50, 4807, 25, 2548, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 50, 4807, 1237, 2548, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 50, 15668, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 45, 522, 471, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 20900, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 20900, 40541, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 39596, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 39596, 42102, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 39596, 18157, 42102, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 15219, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 36081, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 39596, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 3886, 20900, 40541, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 3886, 26945, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 2573, 1267, 1042, 6570, 26107, 1194, 1400, 64, 42033, 64, 47128, 64, 6971, 8561, 3027, 9228, 3886, 2807, 187, 187, 12543, 9, 39502, 187, 50276, 11000, 16, 5851, 57, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3043, 1194, 257, 16, 23963, 16, 19411, 16, 580, 89, 64, 679, 2337, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 2573, 1267, 1042, 6570, 26107, 1194, 1400, 64, 42033, 64, 47128, 64, 6971, 8561, 3027, 9228, 3886, 16, 11000, 2807, 187, 187, 12543, 9, 39502, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 5622, 284, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 5622, 284, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 45, 522, 471, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 45, 522, 471, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 20900, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 20900, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 20900, 17491, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 20900, 17491, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 45, 522, 471, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 45, 522, 471, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 18102, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 18102, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 24391, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 24391, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 15219, 48010, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 15219, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 4, 2594, 5838, 544, 3886, 38562, 8411, 62, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 29760, 3633, 4531, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 2573, 1267, 1042, 6570, 26107, 1194, 1400, 64, 42033, 64, 47128, 64, 6971, 8561, 3027, 9228, 3886, 16, 27256, 2807, 187, 8971, 16001, 400, 757, 20740, 187, 187, 510, 49211, 31188, 273, 16001, 27561, 369, 5196, 327, 608, 4397, 6585, 15, 380, 3072, 369, 854, 13, 23735, 13, 25472, 15, 187, 187, 4941, 2490, 187, 1413, 27, 8971, 275, 16001, 27561, 187, 1413, 27, 36, 561, 5123, 275, 16001, 27561, 187, 35, 311, 27561, 16490, 457, 266, 6317, 13677, 187, 187, 1909, 19018, 7038, 10347, 281, 7703, 7379, 8981, 273, 1375, 3639, 275, 4397, 13, 627, 310, 3629, 2312, 275, 253, 1982, 13, 5143, 285, 11358, 273, 557, 4152, 272, 253, 7379, 6757, 323, 19018, 19382, 13, 253, 7379, 38799, 285, 15390, 13677, 13, 285, 35865, 8294, 323, 19018, 19382, 281, 253, 7379, 4855, 5399, 323, 44438, 265, 313, 4037, 41, 1311, 481, 187, 187, 6080, 9059, 7379, 41, 1311, 651, 501, 35189, 253, 19382, 13, 687, 30690, 731, 273, 616, 987, 281, 1091, 281, 616, 9076, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 403, 841, 5697, 1754, 327, 247, 3590, 4685, 273, 5213, 1569, 285, 29302, 3946, 32, 6272, 597, 1754, 327, 247, 1524, 15909, 273, 253, 44143, 273, 7379, 51, 13363, 285, 7379, 41, 1311, 32, 187, 187, 1992, 873, 253, 1924, 4951, 13, 7057, 8924, 266, 3531, 281, 7379, 51, 13363, 18082, 11007, 22222, 1255, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 9125, 326, 604, 7379, 51, 13363, 369, 557, 4152, 264, 285, 8294, 323, 19018, 19382, 14048, 689, 281, 7379, 41, 1311, 597, 651, 320, 501, 3592, 1070, 562, 273, 5143, 285, 1918, 598, 253, 987, 273, 1091, 15, 1680, 436, 253, 1083, 285, 604, 417, 13, 752, 651, 7379, 41, 1311, 457, 84, 2554, 320, 32, 187, 187, 48182, 1255, 27, 831, 310, 417, 253, 1083, 15, 29313, 19382, 403, 7429, 281, 247, 816, 285, 21692, 2900, 281, 616, 47142, 15, 831, 2900, 651, 5556, 595, 320, 6786, 407, 253, 4676, 285, 3569, 14142, 275, 253, 3634, 273, 247, 31740, 6452, 273, 253, 13389, 14, 16281, 383, 34923, 7344, 13, 285, 1364, 320, 275, 8956, 342, 7379, 30285, 285, 5213, 1569, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 943, 671, 320, 17610, 534, 2097, 25021, 253, 19382, 15, 1707, 310, 642, 15785, 281, 3916, 326, 253, 29313, 29302, 2523, 476, 320, 9713, 407, 27090, 8294, 323, 29313, 19382, 432, 7379, 51, 13363, 281, 1529, 6757, 15, 187, 187, 7845, 3877, 767, 1774, 15985, 1832, 15, 3973, 13, 7379, 51, 13363, 285, 7379, 41, 1311, 789, 281, 5799, 44143, 13, 15942, 285, 4320, 14308, 13, 3672, 273, 4254, 13, 15942, 34759, 285, 39934, 13225, 15, 2752, 6128, 403, 5185, 342, 841, 42060, 285, 943, 417, 320, 1239, 281, 5467, 390, 16084, 1480, 17668, 875, 253, 767, 11009, 390, 616, 29302, 14308, 15, 13771, 13, 309, 943, 320, 7192, 281, 3812, 327, 253, 6096, 18702, 285, 1846, 12342, 326, 762, 9852, 253, 638, 916, 84, 3732, 407, 7379, 51, 13363, 285, 7379, 41, 1311, 275, 616, 6031, 281, 10073, 285, 4017, 19382, 275, 616, 9056, 3672, 273, 8294, 15, 187, 187, 10951, 13, 7379, 51, 13363, 310, 417, 275, 247, 1899, 281, 3984, 323, 7379, 41, 1311, 285, 1057, 417, 1460, 631, 281, 3984, 323, 7379, 41, 1311, 15, 1723, 13, 6128, 281, 634, 3533, 2430, 3806, 281, 7177, 326, 403, 9269, 327, 7379, 41, 1311, 457, 84, 4422, 285, 403, 2130, 281, 253, 1345, 15, 2752, 6128, 403, 1754, 327, 7379, 51, 13363, 457, 84, 4685, 273, 253, 8342, 4495, 273, 841, 7177, 347, 973, 347, 253, 13677, 8924, 84, 1211, 24540, 273, 697, 7517, 285, 697, 3640, 273, 253, 985, 273, 5213, 1569, 285, 3946, 326, 1809, 253, 6055, 273, 19382, 21349, 15, 187, 187, 20768, 1752, 1428, 9241, 285, 3946, 1108, 347, 973, 347, 34759, 327, 253, 3216, 428, 4518, 1275, 1137, 253, 4154, 326, 253, 987, 273, 1091, 273, 29313, 19382, 651, 15529, 390, 320, 13966, 604, 7379, 41, 1311, 497, 5506, 323, 841, 19382, 15, 187, 187, 5279, 8007, 273, 5213, 3946, 13, 29302, 9534, 452, 644, 11512, 275, 1264, 8624, 4088, 27, 1980, 9554, 13, 501, 3592, 1338, 275, 2626, 4343, 285, 17610, 1234, 26628, 318, 15, 4683, 841, 13, 253, 17610, 1091, 273, 19382, 281, 616, 2586, 273, 6510, 556, 1705, 281, 320, 25048, 407, 19382, 13, 3054, 285, 5213, 11009, 347, 253, 8654, 2900, 281, 253, 47142, 273, 19382, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 9696, 25048, 326, 323, 19382, 11678, 13, 247, 638, 12380, 323, 5482, 281, 29302, 9534, 310, 253, 6064, 407, 3569, 14142, 273, 253, 6944, 5997, 273, 12027, 285, 7344, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 1127, 310, 1160, 275, 253, 4695, 7379, 41, 1311, 3389, 13, 37319, 14668, 44438, 70, 27817, 12542, 27, 329, 5955, 2929, 5480, 323, 253, 4855, 15605, 457, 84, 17414, 327, 17504, 775, 27584, 265, 15, 2956, 10094, 818, 273, 253, 3389, 40687, 326, 346, 29453, 14668, 29302, 9534, 403, 3798, 3562, 285, 12321, 407, 253, 4433, 281, 11322, 8139, 3910, 275, 247, 19951, 5133, 285, 275, 247, 1039, 326, 23006, 1966, 3570, 449, 187, 187, 4221, 10094, 898, 273, 436, 3389, 4566, 327, 281, 3877, 326, 27, 5749, 20095, 253, 3470, 273, 29302, 6055, 285, 30122, 2250, 13, 12232, 347, 597, 403, 13, 476, 1056, 760, 247, 1077, 16453, 7680, 281, 253, 12212, 285, 6064, 273, 15272, 326, 7206, 70, 952, 281, 3153, 275, 33927, 323, 1048, 9894, 273, 673, 15, 1310, 1110, 16566, 403, 281, 320, 26553, 13, 3569, 588, 285, 3569, 2250, 403, 2424, 327, 253, 629, 273, 3054, 13, 9933, 23617, 285, 4623, 4295, 273, 253, 7379, 985, 13, 1690, 253, 9044, 6456, 285, 4214, 14184, 449, 187, 187, 510, 638, 1664, 281, 253, 7379, 41, 1311, 42958, 327, 6845, 26900, 2719, 26628, 318, 3054, 326, 346, 8625, 26900, 1234, 26628, 318, 310, 3798, 11575, 347, 253, 954, 11408, 1048, 14, 3945, 2900, 407, 253, 19382, 3746, 347, 973, 347, 407, 253, 5213, 3114, 15, 7379, 41, 1311, 8924, 84, 30122, 2250, 275, 20808, 273, 21692, 5482, 281, 253, 29302, 3237, 310, 3103, 19373, 13, 806, 285, 31971, 13, 275, 9796, 273, 17690, 247, 29302, 281, 5763, 253, 987, 281, 1091, 1728, 275, 5252, 285, 342, 24027, 449, 187, 187, 13617, 337, 13, 12494, 721, 273, 253, 7379, 41, 1311, 42958, 3054, 326, 346, 783, 987, 273, 19382, 281, 1091, 281, 616, 2586, 273, 6510, 310, 4751, 25048, 275, 5213, 1569, 15, 380, 21312, 27113, 273, 8801, 12484, 313, 41646, 10, 4232, 275, 3929, 2145, 313, 19, 10, 326, 346, 23631, 556, 253, 987, 281, 3553, 667, 2586, 13, 1690, 521, 1211, 13, 285, 1091, 281, 521, 2586, 449, 3900, 253, 21312, 27113, 273, 8801, 12484, 13, 347, 247, 36347, 273, 253, 4214, 14184, 13, 310, 417, 247, 23848, 10568, 11118, 390, 7578, 13, 352, 5239, 253, 2127, 273, 2589, 285, 11029, 347, 247, 1127, 273, 3806, 323, 512, 10898, 285, 9933, 1966, 3570, 13225, 9674, 8671, 449, 187, 187, 510, 7379, 2775, 51, 42958, 275, 697, 6774, 23168, 5239, 562, 253, 17973, 273, 3054, 285, 273, 7379, 41, 1311, 275, 15233, 253, 987, 273, 1091, 275, 253, 3634, 273, 17610, 1234, 26628, 318, 347, 973, 347, 8667, 13, 15233, 285, 43243, 323, 253, 3570, 273, 19382, 665, 452, 4895, 1728, 15, 187, 187, 18786, 577, 273, 253, 1304, 281, 7379, 41, 1311, 457, 84, 16155, 7039, 273, 5826, 13, 327, 11629, 43309, 3054, 346, 15271, 26900, 1234, 26628, 318, 13, 1980, 9554, 285, 501, 3592, 1338, 403, 253, 5899, 28831, 5482, 285, 21938, 512, 3464, 16571, 285, 1774, 6128, 281, 29302, 9534, 16352, 346, 8625, 26900, 1234, 26628, 318, 13, 275, 5252, 285, 24027, 13, 835, 285, 672, 17887, 13, 4558, 253, 954, 9013, 2900, 275, 253, 5020, 273, 29302, 9534, 16352, 247, 5019, 273, 5482, 13, 3192, 715, 2395, 253, 2173, 5989, 273, 1016, 29302, 4112, 13, 476, 1361, 17170, 1048, 21692, 5482, 449, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 2223, 753, 326, 7379, 51, 13363, 14549, 21094, 253, 19018, 29302, 1895, 407, 18028, 29302, 3708, 949, 253, 14649, 285, 326, 35865, 253, 19382, 689, 281, 7379, 41, 1311, 651, 417, 1581, 436, 15, 1680, 436, 253, 1083, 32, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 417, 253, 1083, 15, 1284, 309, 452, 2168, 4879, 13, 29313, 19382, 403, 7429, 281, 247, 816, 285, 21692, 2900, 281, 616, 47142, 15, 496, 253, 5928, 273, 1969, 285, 13910, 253, 1524, 5837, 273, 1969, 824, 247, 2900, 13, 352, 9572, 281, 1921, 326, 616, 3708, 347, 19382, 588, 3464, 15, 187, 187, 47595, 5439, 670, 253, 8136, 273, 29302, 3708, 949, 14649, 8424, 432, 247, 3480, 273, 4685, 273, 253, 5213, 6055, 9459, 15, 2053, 3533, 5752, 760, 281, 36815, 432, 253, 878, 281, 2953, 253, 1524, 4606, 323, 253, 3861, 14668, 19018, 29302, 4112, 13, 10775, 253, 5928, 273, 31740, 2900, 281, 253, 6944, 3569, 3374, 15, 187, 187, 4037, 41, 1311, 8924, 84, 42958, 327, 49339, 285, 39554, 323, 8925, 44438, 70, 20364, 3400, 275, 12494, 25921, 27, 346, 2042, 253, 1481, 273, 247, 2021, 16382, 253, 6866, 273, 253, 5426, 13, 544, 1542, 29302, 3708, 62, 521, 3469, 1103, 403, 9403, 7169, 29302, 3708, 2556, 281, 253, 8063, 273, 2021, 16167, 449, 187, 187, 688, 1055, 13, 29302, 5870, 11678, 13280, 616, 3708, 347, 19382, 1919, 597, 2965, 1561, 253, 2426, 273, 247, 32822, 13604, 390, 403, 2104, 281, 1961, 3746, 273, 581, 273, 1264, 28831, 5482, 2168, 5393, 1969, 17610, 1234, 26628, 318, 13, 1980, 9554, 390, 501, 3592, 1338, 275, 247, 2626, 2586, 15, 187, 187, 9917, 13, 10372, 608, 273, 253, 7379, 41, 1311, 9311, 13, 37611, 1546, 27761, 323, 44438, 70, 20364, 48893, 762, 7379, 41, 1311, 457, 84, 18150, 366, 310, 1077, 2590, 326, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 29302, 457, 84, 987, 281, 2021, 16167, 13, 29302, 3708, 310, 9495, 949, 253, 14649, 15, 4794, 281, 10372, 608, 15, 18, 15, 19, 346, 783, 9050, 273, 7732, 665, 943, 320, 2783, 281, 320, 13410, 323, 4309, 3708 ]	THGenerateFloatTypes.h THGenerateComplexTypes.h THGenerateIntTypes.h THGenerateQUInt8Type.h THGenerateQInt8Type.h THGenerateQInt32Type.h THGenerateQTypes.h THLapack.h THStorage.h THStorageFunctions.h THTensor.h THTensorApply.h THTensorDimApply.h THVector.h THHalf.h THTensor.hpp THStorageFunctions.hpp THGenerator.hpp DESTINATION "${ATEN_INSTALL_INCLUDE_SUBDIR}/TH") install(FILES vector/AVX.h ../ATen/native/cpu/avx_mathfun.h DESTINATION "${ATEN_INSTALL_INCLUDE_SUBDIR}/TH/vector") install(FILES generic/THBlas.cpp generic/THBlas.h generic/THLapack.cpp generic/THLapack.h generic/THStorage.cpp generic/THStorage.h generic/THStorageCopy.cpp generic/THStorageCopy.h generic/THTensor.cpp generic/THTensor.h generic/THTensor.hpp generic/THTensorLapack.cpp generic/THTensorLapack.h generic/THTensorMath.cpp generic/THTensorMath.h generic/THTensorRandom.cpp generic/THTensorRandom.h generic/THVectorDispatch.cpp generic/THVector.h # See Note [TH abstraction violation] generic/THTensorFastGetSet.hpp DESTINATION "${ATEN_INSTALL_INCLUDE_SUBDIR}/TH/generic") 2001 Bolivian census The Tenth Census of Bolivia was conducted on 5 September 2001. The population was 8,274,325. References Category:2001 in Bolivia Category:Censuses in Bolivia BoliviaMa’an News Agency As Palestinian leaders prepare to seek UN recognition of statehood in September, there is increasing talk in the US, Israel and elsewhere of disbanding the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, the UN Relief and Works Agency, and handing responsibility for Palestinian refugees to the UN High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). Some argue UNHCR would resettle the refugees, robbing them of their right to return to their homes. But are these ideas based on a sound understanding of international law and refugee practice? Are they based on a real grasp of the mandates of UNRWA and UNHCR? To set the record straight, Ma‘an turned to UNRWA spokesman Chris Gunness. It is argued that if UNRWA was disbanded and responsibility for Palestinian refugees handed over to UNHCR they would be resettled out of Israel and give up the right of return. Is this the case and if not, what would UNHCR’s role be? Gunness: This is not the case. Palestine refugees are entitled to a just and lasting solution to their plight. This solution would optimally be achieved by the parties and political actors in the context of a negotiated conclusion of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and must be in accordance with UN resolutions and international law. It should also be voluntary which means consulting the refugees. There is no merit to claims that the Palestine refugee issue can be addressed by transferring responsibility for Palestine refugees from UNRWA to another agency. Please note two important caveats. First, UNRWA and UNHCR work to distinct mandates, operational and legal definitions, areas of operation, operational realities and constitutive instruments. My responses are consistent with these distinctions and should not be read to assume or imply direct correspondence between the two agencies or their refugee definitions. Rather, I should be understood to draw on the shared premises and common concepts that underpin the precepts applied by UNRWA and UNHCR in their efforts to assist and protect refugees in their respective areas of responsibility. Second, UNRWA is not in a position to speak for UNHCR and does not purport to speak for UNHCR. However, responses to your questions require reference to documents that are posted on UNHCR’s website and are available to the public. My responses are based on UNRWA’s understanding of the plain meaning of these documents as well as the Agency‘s own appreciation of its mission and its knowledge of the system of international law and practice that govern the protection of refugees globally. Established principles and practice – as well as realities on the ground - clearly refute the argument that the right of return of Palestine refugees would disappear or be abandoned if UNHCR were responsible for these refugees. Over decades of international practice, refugee situations have been resolved in three principal ways: local integration, resettlement in third countries and voluntary repatriation. Of these, the voluntary return of refugees to their country of origin has come to be recognised by refugees, states and international agencies as the optimal solution to the plight of refugees. It is equally recognised that for refugees everywhere, a precondition for solutions to refugee situations is the resolution by political actors of the underlying causes of dispute and conflict. This point is made in the 2008 UNHCR document, Protracted Refugee Situations: A discussion paper prepared for the High Commissioner’s dialogue on Protection Challenges. Paragraph 7 of the document observes that "Protracted refugee situations are usually created and sustained by the failure to resolve … differences in a peaceful manner and in a way that respects human rights." Paragraph 9 of this document goes on to note that: "[…] the functions of refugee protection and humanitarian action, vital as they are, can make only a very modest contribution to the prevention and resolution of conflicts that oblige people to live in exile for long periods of time. If those objectives are to be attained, political will and political action are required on the part of states, regional organisations and relevant components of the UN system, including the Security Council and General Assembly." The preface to the UNHCR Handbook on Voluntary Repatriation states that "voluntary repatriation is usually viewed as the most desirable long-term solution by the refugees themselves as well as by the international community. UNHCR‘s humanitarian action in pursuit of lasting solutions to the refugee problems is therefore oriented, first and foremost, in favour of enabling a refugee to exercise the right to return home in safety and with dignity." Chapter 1, paragraph 6 of the UNHCR Handbook states that "the right of refugees to return to their country of origin is fully recognised in international law. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) established in article 13 (2) that "Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and return to his country." While the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, as a Resolution of the General Assembly, is not a treaty requiring signature or consent, it sets the code of conduct and serves as a point of reference for all universal and regional human rights instruments subsequently adopted." The UNCHR Handbook in its subsequent chapters sets out the obligations of states and of UNHCR in protecting the right of return in the context of voluntary repatriation as well as monitoring, protecting and advocating for the rights of refugees who have returned home. Conclusion 4 of the report to UNHCR’s Executive Committee of 2005, on Local Integration states "Voluntary repatriation, local integration and resettlement are the traditional durable solutions and […] all remain viable and important responses to refugee situations;" "voluntary repatriation, in safety and dignity, where and when feasible, remains the most preferred solution in the majority of refugee situations;" a combination of solutions, taking into account the specific circumstances of each refugee situation, can help achieving long lasting solutions." It is often said that UNRWA perpetuates the Palestinian refugee problem by granting refugee status through the generations and that handing the refugees over to UNHCR would not allow this. Is this the case? This is not the case. As I have already noted, Palestine refugees are entitled to a just and lasting solution to their plight. In the absence of -- and pending the realisation of -- such a solution, it stands to reason that their status as refugees will remain. Questions raised about the passing of refugee status through generations stem from a lack of understanding of the international protection regime. These questions serve only to distract from the need to address the real reasons for the protracted Palestinian refugee situation, namely the absence of negotiated solution to the underlying political issues. UNHCR‘s Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for determining Refugee Status provides in paragraph 184: "If the head of a family meets the criteria of the definition, [for refugee status] his dependants are normally granted refugee status according to the principle of family unity." In effect, refugee families everywhere retain their status as refugees until they fall within the terms of a cessation clause or are able to avail themselves of one of three durable solutions already mentioned -- voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement in a third country. Also, Chapter 5 of the UNHCR publication, Procedural Standards for Refugee Status Determination under UNHCR’s Mandate is very clear that in accordance with the refugee’s right to family unity, refugee status is transferred through the generations. According to Chapter 5.1.2 "the categories of persons who should be considered to be eligible for derivative status
[ 19, 18103, 310, 247, 19972, 851, 974, 273, 669, 4153, 4932, 18, 13, 17, 14411, 79, 12, 18, 13, 79, 12, 18, 4244, 627, 4961, 253, 32866, 6425, 9538, 3711, 7010, 5577, 92, 74, 2026, 8683, 17168, 8683, 578, 79, 12, 19, 3713, 2733, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 79, 12, 18, 889, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 18, 2023, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 19, 8395, 18637, 61, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 41780, 4153, 4932, 18, 13, 17, 29591, 2733, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 79, 12, 18, 2023, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 187, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 43742, 689, 370, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 889, 3181, 367, 5, 2330, 281, 370, 74, 578, 79, 12, 18, 1990, 8683, 3363, 380, 2460, 310, 17007, 407, 669, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3363, 5488, 13, 669, 5577, 92, 74, 2026, 8683, 724, 14757, 253, 13204, 3711, 1764, 5577, 92, 35, 94, 8048, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 187, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3080, 18637, 61, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 187, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 2138, 10985, 253, 11250, 669, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 889, 4287, 61, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 28185, 187, 187, 22229, 74, 10, 380, 9538, 3711, 669, 5577, 92, 74, 2026, 8683, 724, 310, 247, 32866, 19945, 15, 187, 187, 22229, 2886, 10, 380, 13040, 3711, 1890, 53, 1035, 5577, 92, 35, 3117, 27, 53, 61, 1274, 9, 50276, 61, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3080, 918, 10, 50276, 61, 18637, 308, 61, 1274, 9, 50276, 61, 8752, 187, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 889, 918, 11189, 310, 247, 32866, 19945, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 370, 8683, 9, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 6580, 575, 3354, 1584, 253, 2264, 2317, 273, 253, 8624, 13204, 689, 370, 49, 5, 2330, 281, 370, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 3303, 3692, 9538, 310, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 3822, 1281, 3019, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 8717, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 1009, 320, 253, 659, 2778, 293, 16751, 15, 11680, 253, 3626, 5231, 273, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1009, 327, 370, 8683, 9, 12261, 61, 11613, 187, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 6580, 575, 4064, 253, 987, 14, 4608, 1930, 285, 327, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 19, 1009, 575, 10489, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 18, 724, 575, 4064, 253, 1669, 14, 4608, 1930, 13, 285, 253, 3626, 5231, 273, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1009, 327, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 19, 1009, 575, 10489, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 18, 724, 575, 4064, 253, 987, 14, 4608, 1930, 285, 327, 3019, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 8717, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 1009, 432, 253, 1669, 14, 4608, 1930, 2975, 15, 2635, 359, 476, 3890, 347, 7010, 2043, 92, 2132, 94, 187, 61, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 94, 50276, 7, 50276, 30, 8683, 9, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 8395, 30884, 92, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 15734, 3181, 94, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 19, 17108, 187, 7, 50276, 61, 1156, 92, 393, 393, 393, 393, 393, 393, 393, 393, 11153, 30884, 92, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 15734, 3181, 1603, 9, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 187, 38, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 8717, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 5029, 61, 423, 92, 2132, 2138, 15108, 1419, 253, 26860, 2317, 370, 8683, 9, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 94, 1933, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1009, 575, 3113, 370, 49, 1352, 2635, 359, 452, 253, 12378, 370, 1087, 578, 49, 1990, 8683, 94, 8048, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 889, 4287, 187, 49, 5, 575, 1615, 37264, 253, 4445, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 19, 1572, 30884, 92, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 15734, 3181, 1603, 9, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 8717, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 44418, 17007, 407, 669, 5577, 92, 71, 3303, 534, 310, 253, 15516, 9538, 273, 370, 1087, 578, 49, 1990, 8683, 3363, 1281, 370, 1087, 578, 52, 768, 79, 12, 18, 16052, 5577, 6394, 71, 6092, 8048, 5577, 92, 71, 889, 4287, 8717, 9, 79, 12, 19, 1933, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 4010, 52, 768, 79, 12, 18, 724, 320, 253, 12378, 37264, 253, 4445, 3019, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 187, 8683, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 3822, 3932, 253, 1390, 2317, 310, 9722, 437, 14, 18, 16550, 14063, 11227, 9, 1087, 578, 52, 768, 79, 12, 18, 16052, 5577, 92, 71, 12104, 1126, 505, 94, 8048, 2059, 578, 74, 3713, 5577, 92, 71, 8395, 4287, 61, 2059, 187, 578, 74, 1603, 52, 768, 79, 12, 18, 43742, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 11380, 437, 1352, 7757, 13, 359, 452, 253, 1563, 18057, 15, 187, 187, 510, 33662, 3019, 1087, 578, 49, 1990, 8683, 2311, 1126, 505, 94, 8048, 2059, 578, 74, 3713, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 8395, 4287, 61, 2059, 578, 74, 1603, 49, 1009, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 29, 79, 12, 18, 5, 285, 310, 271, 2563, 303, 28506, 323, 370, 74, 30, 79, 12, 18, 1352, 187, 187, 1466, 441, 4853, 247, 13204, 3711, 7010, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 1588, 92, 53, 599, 27, 1035, 2059, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 76, 47402, 505, 3713, 2733, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 79, 12, 18, 2311, 34813, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3080, 18637, 26029, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 2138, 347, 3637, 15, 844, 9173, 271, 3284, 273, 669, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 724, 285, 9722, 2059, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 76, 47402, 505, 3713, 2733, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 79, 12, 18, 2311, 34813, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 4018, 407, 9793, 66, 13, 90, 13, 73, 8795, 575, 395, 407, 9793, 66, 13, 90, 13, 73, 1337, 2407, 92, 87, 45114, 2975, 13, 835, 370, 66, 61, 249, 443, 578, 79, 12, 18, 3303, 370, 90, 61, 249, 367, 1366, 669, 2407, 92, 87, 61, 249, 94, 66, 5, 575, 395, 370, 73, 27, 66, 61, 4287, 308, 578, 90, 94, 49, 61, 11613, 61, 1991, 92, 51, 724, 575, 261, 271, 20169, 24279, 38730, 285, 22429, 15, 2635, 359, 873, 669, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 1588, 92, 53, 4935, 60, 66, 13, 90, 13, 73, 1337, 2407, 92, 87, 62, 32845, 73, 1035, 2407, 92, 87, 28185, 575, 1466, 441, 1908, 253, 14916, 1320, 3019, 85, 578, 49, 889, 11613, 2654, 578, 49, 889, 3181, 61, 1991, 92, 51, 8395, 5574, 9, 301, 578, 12261, 889, 11613, 61, 2407, 92, 76, 2026, 49, 4799, 2135, 3549, 94, 2262, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 889, 11613, 61, 3023, 187, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 889, 4287, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 3363, 2896, 1008, 39, 744, 52, 3922, 11506, 495, 15, 20, 1092, 627, 4961, 247, 13204, 3711, 7010, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 94, 8048, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 187, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3080, 4287, 61, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 2138, 824, 326, 3019, 85, 578, 49, 889, 11613, 2654, 578, 49, 889, 3181, 61, 1991, 92, 51, 8395, 5574, 9, 301, 578, 12261, 889, 11613, 187, 61, 2407, 92, 76, 2026, 49, 4799, 2135, 3549, 8395, 5574, 1035, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 1588, 92, 53, 3080, 11613, 61, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 187, 8395, 5574, 246, 1126, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 17125, 34813, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 4018, 575, 261, 27999, 6361, 281, 370, 1087, 578, 49, 1990, 8683, 889, 3181, 2654, 1126, 1991, 92, 51, 1990, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 11971, 2635, 359, 452, 253, 1563, 18057, 15, 187, 187, 510, 33662, 5802, 432, 253, 13040, 3711, 273, 669, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 724, 1890, 53, 1035, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 2311, 1126, 505, 94, 8048, 2059, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 8752, 464, 2733, 187, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 27927, 918, 10, 187, 61, 18637, 61, 2059, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 918, 11189, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 29, 79, 12, 18, 5, 285, 310, 271, 2563, 303, 28506, 323, 370, 74, 30, 79, 12, 18, 1352, 187, 187, 3463, 8755, 721, 15, 19, 13, 313, 23, 15, 19, 582, 1008, 52, 4904, 1194, 5238, 608, 13, 898, 6899, 62, 285, 253, 13040, 1680, 11923, 6899, 11227, 53, 1035, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 2311, 1126, 505, 17168, 41, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 27927, 918, 10, 187, 61, 18637, 388, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 918, 11189, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 29, 79, 12, 18, 5, 285, 310, 271, 2563, 303, 28506, 323, 370, 74, 30, 79, 12, 18, 1352, 3932, 370, 53, 9, 1035, 2059, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 76, 47402, 505, 3713, 8752, 464, 2733, 2026, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 16052, 437, 2311, 34813, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 16996, 285, 370, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 6580, 403, 3365, 4802, 13, 352, 3637, 432, 253, 388, 459, 24116, 91, 1680, 11923, 6899, 326, 1890, 53, 1035, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 2311, 1126, 505, 94, 8048, 2059, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 8752, 464, 2733, 187, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 27927, 918, 10, 187, 61, 18637, 61, 2059, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 918, 11189, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 29, 79, 12, 18, 5, 285, 310, 271, 2563, 303, 28506, 323, 370, 74, 30, 79, 12, 18, 1352, 187, 187, 7130, 281, 1008, 52, 4904, 37, 780, 1092, 1339, 10809, 52, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 2023, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 724, 9173, 253, 873, 273, 322, 14, 12856, 302, 1938, 5971, 273, 322, 14, 23226, 370, 52, 768, 74, 889, 12707, 322, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 889, 4287, 187, 52, 768, 74, 889, 12707, 308, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 6580, 3019, 92, 74, 889, 5090, 17, 3822, 743, 3284, 273, 10809, 52, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 2023, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 724, 6607, 407, 247, 3711, 669, 1637, 27, 52, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 889, 4287, 187, 52, 768, 74, 889, 12707, 308, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 6580, 310, 3542, 347, 25352, 1637, 19562, 3932, 669, 437, 61, 1266, 295, 1366, 10809, 52, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 2023, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 724, 310, 25783, 281, 669, 2059, 578, 79, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 187, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437 ]	2))$ is a deformation retract of $\Omega^{(1,0)}(n+1,n+1)$, there exists the homotopy equivalent fiber map$$\mathfrak{i}_{SO}:SO_{n+2}(\gamma_{G_{n+1}}^{n+1}\oplus\varepsilon_{G_{n+1}}^{1},TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{2})\longrightarrow\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}=\Omega^{(1,0)}(\gamma_{G_{n+1}}^{n+1},TP\oplus\varepsilon _{P}^{1})$$ over $G_{n+1}\times P$ associated to $i_{n+1}^{SO}$. The image is denoted by $\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}$. Furthermore, $\mathfrak{i}_{SO}$ induces the bundle map $$\mathfrak{B}:\widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell }\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}\longrightarrow\widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega }_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}$$ covering the inclusion $\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}\rightarrow\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}$. \(i) The fiber map $\mathfrak{i}_{SO}$ is a homotopy equivalence. \(ii) The Thom map$$T(\mathfrak{B)}:T\left( \widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}\right) \longrightarrow T\left( \widehat {\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}\right)$$ is a homotopy equivalence. Let $SO(TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1})$ denote the total space of the principal bundle over $P$ associated to $TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1}$, whose fiber is $SO(n+1)$. Let $(SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1)$ be the Stiefel manifold. Consider the natural actions of $SO(n+1)$ on $SO(TP\oplus \varepsilon_{P}^{1})$ from the right-hand side and on $SO(n+2)$ through $SO(n+1)\times E_{1}$ from the left-hand side, and the natural actions of $SO(n+1)$ on $SO(n+2)$ through $SO(n+1)\times E_{1}$ from the right-hand side and on $(SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1)$ from the left-hand side respectively. Then we can express as$$\begin{aligned} \mathbf{SO}_{n+2} & =SO(TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1})\underset{SO(n+1)}{\times}SO(n+2)\\ & \text{ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\underset{SO(n+1)}{\times}((SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1)).\end{aligned}$$ Identify the quotient space $SO(TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1})/SO(n+1)$ with $P$. Then we have the projection $pr_{P}^{SO}:\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}\rightarrow P$ by forgetting the component $SO(n+2)\underset{SO(n+1)}{\times}((SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1))$, denoted by $\mathfrak{f}$, which is the canonical fiber of $pr_{P}^{SO}$. Let $pr_{S^{n+1}}^{\mathfrak{{f}}}:\mathfrak{f}\rightarrow SO(n+2)/SO(n+1)=S^{n+1}$ be the projection forgetting the component $(SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1)$. Since the last space is $(\ell-1)$-connected,$$(pr_{S^{n+1}}^{\mathfrak{f}})_{\ast}:\pi_{i}(\mathfrak{f})\rightarrow\pi _{i}(S^{n+1})$$ is an isomorphism for $i<\ell$. Hence, we have the following lemma. The homomorphism $(pr_{P}^{SO})_{\ast}:\pi_{i}(\mathbf{SO}_{n+2})\rightarrow\pi_{i}(P)$ is an isomorphism for $i<n+1$ and is an epimorphism for $i=n+1$. Let us define a bundle map$$\mathbf{b}_{\mathcal{T}}:(\pi_{G_{n+1}}^{k})^{\ast}(\gamma_{G_{n+1}}^{n+1})\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}\longrightarrow TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1}$$ as follows. We denote an element of $\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}$ and $(\pi_{G_{n+1}}^{k})^{\ast}(\gamma_{G_{n+1}}^{n+1})\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}$ by $[a,y,h]$ and by $[a,y,h,\mathbf{v]}$ respectively, where $a\in G_{n+1}$, $y\in P$, $\mathbf{v\in}a$ and $h:a\rightarrow T_{y}P\oplus\mathbb{R}$ is an isomorphism preserving orientations and norms. Then we set $\mathbf{b}_{\mathcal{T}}([a,y,h,\mathbf{v])}=h(\mathbf{v)}$. Let us consider the trivialization $(t_{P}\oplus id_{P}\times\mathbb{R})\circ(id_{TP}\oplus\mathbf{k}_{P}^{\backsim}):TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1}\oplus\nu _{P}^{\ell}\rightarrow\varepsilon_{P}^{n+\ell+1}$. By [@FoldSurg Proposition 3.3], there exists a bundle map$$\mathbf{b}_{\nu}:\widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell }\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}\rightarrow\nu_{P}^{\ell}$$ such that $(t_{P}\oplus id_{P}\times\mathbb{R})\circ(id_{TP}\oplus \mathbf{k}_{P}^{\backsim})\circ(\mathbf{b}_{\mathcal{T}}\oplus\mathbf{b}_{\nu })\circ t_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}$ is homotopic to $pr_{P}^{SO}\times id_{\mathbb{R}^{n+\ell+1}}$. Then we have the following lemma. The homomorphism induced from the Thom map of $\mathbf{b}_{\nu}$$$T(\mathbf{b}_{\nu})_{\ast}:\pi_{i+\ell}\left( T(\widehat{\gamma }_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}})\right) \longrightarrow\pi_{i+\ell}\left( T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\right)$$ is an isomorphism for $i<n+1$ and is an epimorphism for $i=n+1$. By Lemma 6.2, (6.2), [@SpaAT Section 5, 9 Theorem] and the Thom Isomorphism Theorem,$$T(\mathbf{b}_{\nu})_{\ast}:H_{i+\ell}\left( T(\widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}})\right) \longrightarrow H_{i+\ell}\left( T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\right)$$ is an isomorphism for $i<n+1$ and is an epimorphism for $i=n+1$. Since $T((\pi_{G_{n+1}}^{k})^{\ast}(\widehat{\gamma}_{G_{n+1}}^{\ell})\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}})$ and $T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})$ are simply connected, it follows from the Hurewicz Isomorphism Theorem that$$T(\mathbf{b}_{\nu})_{\ast}:\pi_{i+\ell}\left( T(\widehat{\gamma }_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}\|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}})\right) \longrightarrow\pi_{i+\ell}\left( T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\right)$$ is an isomorphism for $i<n+1$ and is an epimorphism for $i=n+1$. According to [@SpaDual], let $\{S^{n+\ell},T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\}$ denote the set of S-homotopy classes of S-maps $S^{i}\wedge S^{n+\ell}\rightarrow S^{i}\wedge T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})$ $({i}\geq0)$. An element of $\{S^{n+\ell},T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\}$ represented by a map $\alpha:S^{n+\ell}\rightarrow S^{i}\wedge T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})$ is written as $\{\alpha\}$. Since $\ell\gg n$, $\{S^{n+\ell},T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\}$ is isomorphic to $\pi_{n+\ell}\left( T(\nu_{P}^{\ell
[ 312, 1405, 13065, 9226, 298, 766, 76, 413, 9226, 2963, 382, 312, 8727, 13, 3371, 6077, 42454, 770, 1392, 75, 4002, 619, 17685, 3024, 21964, 34715, 24439, 468, 461, 70, 14899, 45588, 6362, 13, 327, 340, 661, 750, 797, 4631, 31923, 396, 13, 20463, 11895, 81, 647, 335, 1550, 15175, 69, 1392, 2649, 2381, 22616, 18889, 347, 757, 1906, 76, 39198, 28574, 1282, 34715, 24439, 375, 522, 86, 311, 1866, 42454, 11889, 35926, 48238, 11889, 2563, 12271, 284, 522, 404, 251, 27082, 12198, 442, 5616, 885, 257, 15, 427, 44885, 465, 8627, 90, 661, 292, 13, 465, 10284, 465, 36021, 461, 2585, 74, 249, 13, 23382, 826, 324, 46848, 347, 292, 38334, 313, 38, 58, 10, 427, 27, 80, 337, 16, 9755, 13, 35978, 335, 8962, 255, 16288, 1135, 8500, 2804, 41245, 355, 16189, 15, 187, 40531, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 465, 47796, 261, 6077, 11895, 81, 647, 2788, 90, 4742, 261, 408, 1392, 1616, 76, 2610, 6077, 11895, 81, 647, 335, 1550, 15175, 69, 6841, 79, 2381, 620, 1392, 22616, 8483, 1392, 13401, 8429, 13077, 5738, 2827, 74, 34715, 24439, 375, 522, 86, 311, 1866, 42454, 885, 257, 3273, 303, 47578, 522, 404, 3508, 15, 15753, 249, 43681, 358, 14899, 8919, 13401, 10839, 788, 442, 20852, 5781, 15, 3189, 301, 6841, 327, 45641, 770, 2623, 258, 2804, 284, 86, 28993, 48931, 13, 23382, 8429, 44080, 1405, 1616, 5914, 1238, 257, 45641, 565, 16189, 15, 187, 44, 86, 1657, 24418, 856, 84, 405, 14302, 618, 46848, 11329, 6169, 44918, 27735, 66, 13, 25685, 39402, 28574, 248, 2188, 6841, 619, 17685, 442, 13401, 1392, 347, 900, 5741, 27, 281, 29197, 465, 19014, 6753, 22289, 288, 2966, 255, 37720, 6362, 461, 90, 17685, 465, 36021, 303, 1392, 9608, 1392, 14899, 12662, 66, 327, 352, 339, 347, 74, 25445, 13953, 84, 307, 2177, 553, 24821, 375, 1914, 247, 1479, 3230, 15, 26096, 75, 666, 8729, 30287, 311, 936, 45079, 465, 335, 29662, 75, 4002, 1465, 8498, 246, 9608, 413, 29074, 27, 22616, 23732, 10709, 42089, 37364, 41245, 8729, 26535, 302, 3592, 580, 86, 41245, 21814, 571, 13, 13460, 266, 44918, 4927, 22516, 13, 20463, 37720, 75, 666, 77, 1945, 307, 45079, 3387, 5847, 290, 85, 571, 1125, 251, 7005, 382, 312, 11889, 465, 536, 8440, 1886, 461, 1136, 24339, 8727, 15, 4009, 262, 3592, 580, 41376, 4172, 5265, 360, 1595, 297, 1914, 37720, 6362, 13431, 22289, 821, 7373, 24339, 571, 11895, 4904, 6077, 821, 16853, 307, 3592, 10441, 257, 37720, 6362, 13431, 22289, 30687, 6678, 419, 40426, 47476, 1407, 4415, 257, 48938, 1218, 5309, 262, 24339, 292, 13, 278, 2788, 16189, 26535, 3592, 9821, 45844, 375, 1914, 8729, 716, 3696, 26307, 246, 2880, 13511, 257, 1218, 75, 455, 14899, 618, 255, 580, 86, 316, 15, 530, 438, 382, 24339, 437, 312, 1405, 7239, 902, 21964, 4927, 22516, 1331, 2902, 266, 4172, 5265, 360, 1595, 297, 4002, 37720, 6362, 13431, 4002, 22865, 42225, 268, 15175, 19089, 45844, 21221, 249, 8729, 716, 3696, 13401, 249, 246, 2880, 80, 6356, 249, 8729, 1144, 18453, 21964, 396, 13, 20463, 425, 18253, 75, 1464, 266, 1616, 76, 2610, 300, 893, 12910, 6077, 13, 1484, 438, 358, 78, 6077, 27082, 1767, 6841, 79, 2381, 408, 1392, 15, 1023, 3371, 384, 5781, 826, 324, 2788, 4530, 1301, 74, 249, 37720, 75, 666, 17183, 652, 4113, 23187, 8729, 247, 5616, 2059, 249, 12662, 80, 6356, 249, 15, 187, 45, 412, 86, 22516, 13, 441, 32937, 298, 10441, 41376, 13, 20463, 1484, 438, 292, 268, 2338, 442, 292, 45079, 465, 335, 29662, 75, 4002, 994, 36825, 402, 302, 25338, 6710, 15, 31790, 261, 1944, 39198, 246, 580, 27521, 442, 358, 1405, 327, 44044, 12271, 1392, 11895, 81, 647, 5738, 480, 17366, 42686, 782, 76, 2610, 6077, 428, 37720, 75, 666, 8729, 30287, 311, 936, 428, 3371, 6077, 1790, 1392, 327, 362, 21243, 26217, 32, 21894, 1479, 4530, 29168, 531, 86, 5711, 22289, 821, 33542, 1432, 1914, 16288, 484, 455, 14899, 247, 339, 785, 618, 28233, 66, 258, 14797, 362, 1240, 6156, 42454, 770, 1392, 8020, 249, 2336, 83, 1595, 9821, 13, 425, 15307, 382, 11177, 38760, 1218, 400, 536, 4530, 41376, 281, 382, 43166, 30687, 6678, 13, 8729, 4927, 22516, 295, 1767, 22616, 13586, 87, 5741, 2963, 1479, 413, 38334, 13, 31234, 620, 4631, 571, 34715, 303, 24339, 571, 29348, 413, 6148, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 31051, 1031, 1440, 18453, 885, 22516, 13, 355, 18956, 384, 4631, 571, 34715, 303, 24339, 571, 29348, 413, 87, 24968, 43938, 11774, 1392, 5367, 1479, 413, 316, 23456, 24339, 17062, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 10911, 739, 900, 271, 936, 74, 9951, 3319, 3592, 1392, 249, 8729, 480, 20531, 44918, 246, 1657, 70, 3273, 8032, 266, 246, 18453, 6841, 35978, 2788, 5353, 257, 298, 412, 1316, 66, 15, 46942, 437, 28709, 13, 10911, 739, 900, 8729, 2827, 414, 48931, 1054, 328, 340, 661, 24524, 2381, 8311, 13, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 268, 15175, 375, 505, 80, 13, 821, 87, 729, 255, 355, 5781, 1465, 8498, 30287, 1306, 620, 48931, 13, 299, 1479, 1392, 8483, 1392, 13401, 258, 14797, 2563, 1392, 1031, 29045, 76, 21964, 10911, 1538, 268, 15175, 1440, 1392, 21380, 17976, 10120, 383, 1392, 821, 5711, 66, 11895, 81, 647, 316, 15175, 2649, 2381, 46550, 8729, 43938, 384, 90, 1392, 13586, 87, 770, 23096, 249, 281, 23611, 249, 13, 480, 375, 30287, 297, 682, 266, 3371, 262, 28709, 362, 518, 25183, 4172, 14750, 297, 24339, 571, 43579, 8429, 307, 442, 5741, 15, 187, 48, 394, 4175, 12604, 284, 187, 2906, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 549, 5711, 8901, 10911, 1538, 49659, 13, 1465, 87, 12271, 38301, 1851, 255, 13, 258, 5616, 1405, 295, 1767, 35978, 24533, 292, 5796, 29983, 15, 308, 36383, 1392, 402, 962, 261, 5021, 465, 8627, 90, 661, 437, 1392, 8729, 49635, 12271, 2381, 3433, 666, 37821, 18524, 7905, 316, 46848, 271, 893, 66, 6753, 22289, 42454, 770, 1392, 75, 4002, 8729, 268, 1914, 4002, 8729, 465, 36021, 37364, 321, 4002, 28542, 414, 661, 4002, 9951, 6841, 257, 13, 29348, 4530, 10911, 739, 900, 22616, 18889, 25130, 2966, 770, 6841, 1767, 2177, 553, 24821, 375, 1758, 13586, 365, 3194, 74, 30287, 21206, 5503, 246, 21243, 6841, 9951, 1392, 570, 257, 15, 22509, 1657, 78, 11889, 247, 1479, 3230, 546, 26159, 16288, 1479, 413, 66, 6753, 22289, 42454, 770, 1392, 75, 12271, 4164, 785, 261, 43236, 30287, 41385, 8729, 2563, 1392, 87, 1513, 86, 29662, 2563, 12271, 19924, 14, 274, 5711, 261, 17062, 20846, 384, 293, 38334, 821, 33542, 37848, 249, 2336, 83, 1595, 9821, 15, 473, 2804, 438, 437, 14899, 2563, 1392, 87, 1513, 86, 316, 14366, 21037, 249, 1578, 74, 249, 465, 10284, 44918, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 28574, 864, 358, 14899, 268, 850, 257, 1125, 251, 87, 17366, 770, 1392, 75, 1914, 20846, 45846, 312, 1914, 327, 11500, 78, 1914, 21814, 571, 15, 4825, 1405, 465, 2338, 257, 4530, 266, 18889, 618, 1351, 292, 8485, 66, 38334, 15, 187, 14819, 10120, 6841, 716, 29074, 428, 1054, 86, 13077, 571, 362, 36826, 1249, 428, 27082, 46515, 18453, 21964, 3127, 49635, 400, 15175, 546, 26159, 3912, 76, 23909, 328, 3436, 15, 49635, 400, 15175, 49144, 17366, 314, 1440, 15175, 661, 22217, 49635, 12271, 2381, 3433, 666, 35406, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 30252, 6811, 271, 893, 66, 30287, 4034, 2072, 13, 347, 292, 2788, 16564, 570, 13, 480, 31797, 3273, 50161, 246, 26171, 1125, 251, 87, 17366, 770, 1392, 8020, 1392, 8429, 47192, 466, 864, 8485, 16189, 12910, 13077, 312, 28233, 402, 328, 893, 66, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 10911, 739, 900, 7905, 5738, 66, 821, 5741, 15, 10876, 4530, 66, 1465, 21380, 8729, 402, 384, 1920, 2788, 5781, 30252, 6811, 249, 8729, 1125, 251, 87, 17366, 770, 1392, 75, 1914, 30287, 10424, 249, 362, 518, 580, 41376, 8729, 49144, 17366, 314, 1440, 1392, 76, 15175, 344, 301, 6841, 30287, 311, 43166, 8729, 268, 850, 257, 8729, 465, 36021, 37364, 321, 1866, 28542, 414, 16750, 288, 26826, 1059, 347, 292, 2788, 16564, 15, 187, 33319, 282, 26064, 87, 304, 20897, 187, 52, 7, 37, 14, 610, 11774, 6841, 8429, 311, 17062, 15, 428, 313, 12944, 10, 1780, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 7905, 86, 4631, 249, 37720, 493, 5781, 26644, 75, 15175, 465, 8627, 9207, 1392, 31234, 48155, 465, 36021, 461, 293, 1316, 66, 15, 31790, 2966, 1392, 5914, 13, 327, 258, 5616, 25445, 821, 262, 3592, 2623, 31023, 42686, 656, 347, 19953, 66, 1125, 1584, 2555, 37364, 41245, 268, 1914, 292, 8729, 402, 459, 85, 28542, 414, 661, 292, 281, 30160, 266, 8485, 16189, 15, 15753, 408, 1392, 327, 246, 2880, 37409, 1392, 278, 1392, 9608, 249, 2827, 300, 4631, 292, 1407, 307, 13, 2873, 893, 479, 301, 6841, 327, 3994, 261, 1944, 4631, 31923, 465, 36021, 414, 1440, 1392, 21380, 26535, 3691, 266, 256, 15175, 2649, 600, 75, 9608, 46669, 37821, 1392, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 1323, 26171, 425, 3273, 43236, 716, 13838, 1392, 716, 73, 536, 4530, 41376, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 15, 187, 1992, 885, 22516, 13, 327, 1465, 8498, 619, 17685, 442, 14899, 4285, 76, 5985, 13, 20463, 1484, 316, 1914, 6753, 22289, 1616, 5914, 1238, 257, 11895, 81, 647, 86, 327, 1061, 386, 328, 307, 2177, 553, 24821, 26063, 247, 1479, 3230, 15, 308, 44885, 327, 1465, 21380, 1578, 7438, 76, 5985, 4927, 29074, 13, 20463, 4784, 76, 21964, 1616, 5914, 255, 299, 400, 12271, 18889, 35926, 69, 8175, 571, 8729, 20463, 8483, 76, 36383, 1392, 247, 1479, 580, 17366, 408, 1392, 327, 35926, 48238, 8727, 618, 2960, 5796, 29983, 247, 11825, 266, 11895, 81, 647, 5738, 362, 1240, 49906, 580, 6077, 281, 38498, 3784, 408, 1392, 15, 1916, 400, 1519, 580, 41376, 480, 17366, 42686, 782, 76, 2610, 6077, 1058, 73, 414, 84, 327, 246, 1657, 87, 4631, 86, 438, 15959, 340, 384, 1392, 619, 17685, 442, 36825, 15, 187, 44, 311, 1342, 570, 22516, 13, 327, 246, 9608, 413, 15175, 13, 20463, 10911, 739, 900, 396, 5650, 66, 1465, 8498, 46966, 74, 400, 48931, 1058, 73, 414, 29045, 1484, 316, 1914, 6753, 22289, 1616, 5914, 1238, 257, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 7684, 47796, 15, 27817, 1392, 8483, 1392, 13401, 821, 5711, 66, 480, 255, 76, 8962, 41376, 15, 15366, 24524, 1914, 347, 757, 6859, 26307, 7684, 522, 86, 311, 1866, 8483, 1392, 13401, 618, 2960, 35926, 48238, 261, 303, 1342, 35951, 298, 412, 962, 42468, 12331, 302, 256, 21964, 79, 2381, 36825, 13, 3371, 5741, 594, 45716, 893, 266, 24821, 26063, 4072, 465, 265, 1392, 13312, 38334, 355, 4530, 257, 15, 187, 47, 293, 75, 6841, 570, 22516, 13, 479, 301, 6841, 8483, 1392, 13401, 716, 5465, 5781, 465, 36021, 461, 293, 10441, 312, 1405, 4927, 29074, 13, 4784, 257, 23105, 297, 1405, 37080, 384, 5781, 2177, 73, 250, 13401, 249, 13, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 17685, 27772, 47796, 402, 302, 25338, 1301, 74, 249, 6753, 6356, 249, 15, 1023, 327, 299, 13838, 8175, 41376, 258, 5025, 2072, 11889, 246, 9608, 413, 1392, 5847, 405, 74, 15, 1916, 8901, 47796, 13, 11895, 81, 647, 316, 15175, 2649, 2381, 22289, 327, 258, 5792, 2623, 480, 26202, 25183, 13065, 9226, 246, 2788, 1914, 7684, 47796, 13, 3371, 5741, 13586, 87, 5741, 266, 13, 480, 31797, 256, 21243, 76, 2381, 1432, 531, 8962, 302, 8729, 12910, 307, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 17685, 27772, 47796, 402, 302, 25338, 255, 37080, 384, 3703, 73, 5256, 3273, 43236, 362, 11938, 565, 5738, 1616, 76, 2610, 6077, 13, 8729, 281, 8901, 47796, 256, 21964, 79, 2381, 408, 1392, 327, 945, 33542, 3592, 2623, 13, 20463, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 17685, 27772, 47796, 402, 302, 25338, 255, 1125, 302, 299, 400, 12271, 42138, 563, 2563, 1392, 264, 962, 885, 257, 247, 339, 785, 266, 362, 21243, 770, 1392, 261, 267, 18524, 43579, 480, 17366, 42686, 782, 76, 2610, 6077, 15, 187, 36, 2198, 757, 7949, 6584, 86, 11262, 9663, 10986, 187, 1556, 2573, 14, 610, 11774, 6841, 8429, 311, 17062, 15, 428, 313, 1400, 10, 1780, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 1125, 251, 288, 1164, 565, 5781, 8729, 7005, 382, 312, 8727, 33786, 292, 21964, 340, 384, 257, 1392, 465, 302, 1562, 276, 661, 1914, 402, 321, 11548, 3230, 1821, 80, 254, 6841, 1392, 15, 27334, 81, 647, 484, 311, 15208, 38522, 591, 12784, 1392, 14899, 246, 41231, 614, 327, 945, 33542, 5781, 465, 335, 29662, 75, 1914, 821, 2966, 266, 87, 522, 666, 8729, 11737, 32567, 9226, 618, 255, 580, 86, 316, 21844, 2188, 6077, 8729, 20846, 384 ]	amme niiden lausekkeiden poistamista, joilla välittäjille myönnetään sopimusperusteinen suoja, on yksinkertaisesti se, että kilpailulainsäädäntö ei ole asianmukainen väline sopimusosapuolten välisen mahdollisen epätasapainon käsittelemiseen. Nämä kysymykset, kuten keskusteltiin, kun laadimme asetusta (EY) N:o 1/2003, kuuluvat kauppaoikeuden alaan. Automarkkinoiden kaltaisilla kilpailukykyisillä markkinoilla kilpailulainsäädännöllä ei pitäisi puuttua eri sopimusosapuolten väliseen voimatasapainoon. Niin tekeminen olisi tungettelevaa. Meidän on toimittava oikeasuhteisesti, kun puutumme markkinoiden toimintaan. Kuulemisprosessissa saimme selville myös muita, ehkä vähemmän myönteisiä asioita: toisin kuin autojen hinnat korjaustyön keskimääräinen hinta on itse asiassa noussut viime vuosien aikana. Korjaus ja huolto ovat kuluttajille hyvin tärkeitä: ei vain turvallisuuden ja luotettavuuden takia, vaan myös siksi, että korjauslaskut ovat 40 prosenttia auton omistamisen kokonaiskustannuksista. Valitettavasti riippumattomien korjaamojen valmiuksia kilpailla valtuutettujen korjaamojen kanssa haittaavat edelleen monet rajoitukset, mukaan luettuna varaosien ja teknisten tietojen rajallinen saatavuus. Uudistuksellamme pyritään siksi antamaan riippumattomille korjaamoille parempi pääsy varaosiin ja teknisiin tietoihin ja estämään se, että ne suljetaan markkinoilta muilla, uudemmilla käytännöillä. Se johtaa laadukkaampiin korjauspalveluihin ja alempiin hintoihin. Lopuksi, uskon lujasti, että uudet puitteet ovat kuluttajille entistä suotuisammat. Ensisijainen tavoitteemme on lisätä kilpailua jälkimarkkinoilla - korjaus ja huolto - joilla sitä on vähiten? Vaikka ajoneuvojen valmistajien kaupallinen asema saattaa olla vahva välittäjiin verrattuna, ne taistelevat raivokkaasti toistensa kanssa, ja siksi nyt ei tarvita poikkeusta, tällaisia sopimuksia koskevan kilpailun säilyttämiseksi, alakohtaisia sopimuksia koskevasta ryhmäpoikkeusasetuksesta, jonka komissio antoi äskettäin ja joka myös tulee voimaan tämän kuukauden lopussa. Todellakin, komissio ja erityisesti minun yksikköni, kilpailun pääosasto, valvovat alaa hyvin huolellisesti, eikä pitäisi olla epäilystäkään komission päättäväisyydestä valvoa kilpailusääntöjä ja ryhtyä tarvittaviin toimiin, jos huomataan joitakin vakavia rikkomuksia tai puutteita. Othmar Karas Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa komission jäsen, hyvät kollegat, olemme nyt kuulleet paljon. Tällä suullisella kysymyksellä ja päätöslauselmalla halusimme antaa autojen välittäjille ja pienille ja keskisuurille yrityksille äänen, koska komissio ei ole kiinnittänyt viime vuosina tarpeeksi huomiota tähän ääneen. Kuulemisen aikana ennen kaikkea autojen välittäjät ilmaisivat huolta ja epävarmuutta epätasa-arvoisesta kohtelusta valmistajiin verrattuna. Oikeudellinen epävarmuus otettiin esiin kuten myös kilpailun väheneminen pienten autonvälittäjien kohtaamien ongelmien takia. Emme kuitenkaan ole saaneet vastausta. Pyydän teitä - minuuttia vaille 12 - käyttämään 21 päivää ennen toukokuun 26. päivää sisällyttääksenne päätöslauselman, jonka parlamentti antaa huomenna, asetukseenne, jotta voitte tulla autonvälittäjiä puolitiehen vastaan muuttamatta suuntaa, jonka komissio haluaa valita. Olkaa hyvä ja suhtautukaa parlamenttiin ja autonvälittäjien huoliin vakavasti ja sisällyttäkää heidän huolensa ja pienten ja keskisuurten yritysten huolet asetukseen. Olle Ludvigsson S&D-ryhmän puolesta. - (SV) Arvoisa puhemies, haluaisin korostaa neljää kysymystä tässä keskustelussa. Ensinnäkin, on olemassa valitettava pyrkimys asettaa autoteollisuuden pienet ja suuret yritykset toisiaan vastaan. Niillä on tietyssä määrin erilaiset edut, mutta meidän on ensisijaisesti keskityttävä luomaan sääntelyjärjestelmä, jonka avulla ne voivat tehdä tehokkaasti yhteistyötä. Toiseksi, on hyvin myönteinen merkki, että uusien autojen markkinoiden kilpailu on parantunut viime vuoden aikana. Tämä on hyvä esimerkki siitä, että mitkään markkinat eivät ole mahdottomia ja että pitkällä aikavälillä on mahdollista saada paljon aikaan kilpailua vahvistavilla toimenpiteillä. Toivottavasti jälkimarkkinoilla kehitys on tulevaisuudessa yhtä myönteistä. Kolmanneksi, on tärkeää, että komissio seuraa hyvin aktiivisesti kehitystä uusien autojen markkinoiden kilpailun osalta. Sitä pitäisi valvoa jatkuvasti. Kaikkien asianosaisten osapuolten pitäisi saada mahdollisimman pian lopulliset tiedot säännöistä, joita sovelletaan vuoden 2013 kesäkuusta alkaen. Neljänneksi, meidän pitäisi tehostaa keskustelujamme siitä, miten aiomme vaihtaa vihreisiin, ympäristön kannalta suotuisampiin autoihin. Se on ehdottomasti olennaisen tärkeä prosessi. Toisaalta, kilpailusääntöjen on oltava joustavia niiden tukien osalta, joita tarvitaan, jotta sähköajoneuvot ja muut ympäristön kannalta suotuisat vaihtoehdot voivat vakiintua markkinoilla, ja toisaalta säännöillä on varmistettava, että ympäristön kannalta suotuisat autot eivät joudu epäedulliseen asemaan vähittäisalalla tai jälkimarkkinoilla. Cristian Silviu Buşoi ALDE-ryhmän puolesta. - (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, auton hankintaa ja omistamista pidetään yhtenä kotitalouksien suurimpana menoeränä. Kilpailupolitiikan perimmäinen tavoite on varmistaa kuluttajien valinnanvapaus ja tuotteiden saatavuus alemmilla ja koht
[ 15087, 533, 1336, 13, 776, 246, 22854, 574, 7596, 7746, 253, 3064, 13, 1014, 672, 37907, 8342, 15, 35116, 5061, 36545, 10379, 4428, 11681, 281, 11487, 2558, 4688, 28, 15087, 17739, 452, 11439, 281, 11614, 2558, 4688, 15, 4923, 2169, 14, 19397, 10379, 4558, 4891, 689, 247, 14200, 3276, 2491, 13, 359, 751, 352, 672, 2403, 9187, 739, 386, 17652, 285, 643, 20247, 835, 5233, 2602, 2980, 273, 253, 10379, 651, 2847, 3237, 15, 187, 187, 7283, 18591, 2637, 17706, 4827, 29021, 10810, 40668, 187, 187, 2775, 10592, 1703, 187, 187, 424, 9832, 18458, 424, 1163, 11376, 4791, 7759, 187, 187, 424, 6942, 424, 1163, 18665, 715, 1355, 7437, 285, 21090, 1919, 1077, 5882, 13, 884, 281, 1458, 2909, 15, 187, 187, 424, 2347, 1916, 6004, 424, 1163, 733, 943, 417, 4917, 672, 13661, 342, 247, 9185, 285, 943, 320, 5412, 281, 253, 5181, 15, 187, 187, 424, 4967, 352, 6397, 1336, 424, 1163, 20754, 10379, 310, 2624, 715, 12274, 323, 892, 22560, 3376, 17652, 15, 187, 187, 8683, 5518, 1400, 1703, 187, 187, 424, 9832, 18458, 424, 1163, 3925, 281, 9934, 7759, 187, 187, 424, 6942, 424, 1163, 1281, 19370, 456, 10379, 1790, 387, 2316, 3276, 323, 1884, 281, 3925, 2909, 15, 187, 187, 424, 2347, 281, 6004, 424, 1163, 2058, 3925, 7759, 13, 352, 943, 4917, 281, 4512, 3473, 285, 9370, 672, 13661, 15, 2058, 9934, 7759, 13, 352, 943, 23104, 4354, 1293, 10155, 285, 1918, 5777, 672, 13661, 15, 187, 187, 424, 4967, 352, 6397, 1336, 424, 1163, 34073, 476, 320, 1424, 3163, 342, 39451, 533, 1335, 4484, 10379, 313, 1549, 7759, 10, 390, 4336, 39451, 10379, 313, 2358, 7759, 10, 281, 1056, 1027, 3510, 273, 35195, 313, 2887, 12342, 7904, 285, 7543, 481, 187, 187, 46, 3887, 53, 1703, 4889, 6392, 3271, 1703, 187, 187, 424, 9832, 18458, 424, 1163, 9330, 281, 11107, 7759, 187, 187, 424, 6942, 424, 1163, 353, 2585, 275, 1355, 40250, 390, 23225, 14, 22768, 11636, 285, 1339, 4484, 323, 670, 608, 2909, 15, 187, 187, 424, 2347, 281, 6004, 424, 1163, 733, 943, 320, 6514, 285, 5777, 5890, 281, 253, 5181, 15, 187, 187, 424, 4967, 352, 6397, 1336, 424, 1163, 10205, 275, 4874, 832, 728, 10379, 47603, 342, 12274, 281, 2794, 1161, 22383, 14268, 15, 187, 187, 4, 5836, 27843, 7127, 187, 187, 817, 657, 42713, 46615, 27695, 399, 602, 28127, 187, 187, 7883, 972, 48945, 253, 12616, 346, 36423, 347, 3376, 3, 4518, 574, 1620, 1160, 247, 3376, 15, 6279, 13, 253, 13612, 323, 247, 3376, 23396, 7835, 2969, 281, 10347, 15, 22347, 12274, 342, 7043, 285, 8618, 13, 2624, 275, 4688, 13, 823, 816, 2217, 5412, 1824, 594, 326, 253, 17652, 24094, 2366, 13, 840, 4533, 562, 285, 32413, 15, 1422, 971, 247, 17652, 326, 270, 1582, 598, 14510, 285, 892, 22560, 285, 310, 4942, 3477, 281, 789, 342, 15, 1292, 253, 6612, 310, 326, 3376, 17652, 2223, 270, 1582, 598, 10458, 285, 16269, 90, 285, 352, 434, 2223, 247, 3075, 281, 789, 342, 1128, 7083, 10892, 285, 35765, 403, 1846, 3237, 15, 187, 187, 46528, 3003, 36579, 17740, 26393, 14007, 187, 187, 510, 7596, 342, 3376, 17652, 310, 326, 352, 1620, 3133, 281, 21319, 253, 1072, 1039, 7019, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 368, 878, 281, 19408, 73, 1412, 1046, 673, 368, 1056, 247, 3376, 15, 1244, 19408, 73, 22933, 4419, 2793, 13, 594, 326, 368, 476, 9446, 752, 434, 1469, 327, 342, 326, 1798, 17652, 285, 840, 1056, 253, 1463, 23927, 15, 5595, 4980, 48972, 1056, 268, 447, 760, 247, 1643, 2069, 247, 807, 285, 476, 626, 320, 3264, 281, 19408, 73, 1412, 387, 512, 15, 187, 187, 47638, 3376, 17652, 556, 816, 253, 987, 6654, 273, 45620, 285, 2605, 15, 380, 3438, 3249, 432, 4688, 13, 253, 6158, 432, 1048, 2601, 13178, 1925, 33666, 326, 830, 672, 12274, 47603, 342, 1824, 15, 21994, 1652, 33666, 285, 253, 17652, 1912, 626, 7356, 2366, 1128, 2858, 1512, 1199, 285, 253, 23396, 7819, 10458, 15, 844, 1849, 3715, 271, 2746, 326, 11359, 33666, 275, 2451, 533, 671, 4483, 323, 271, 33940, 915, 282, 17652, 326, 434, 3477, 281, 6016, 285, 11355, 253, 14512, 273, 689, 21107, 15, 3824, 22564, 3376, 17652, 13612, 26586, 253, 5476, 1601, 407, 22128, 327, 247, 4279, 24405, 27, 733, 512, 3249, 1066, 281, 7665, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 923, 13, 33666, 4948, 12450, 275, 1824, 15, 10205, 33171, 684, 253, 4324, 275, 12274, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 253, 1824, 8094, 16152, 3746, 281, 253, 4324, 949, 253, 4702, 273, 9946, 13403, 15, 26992, 1541, 13403, 403, 5075, 13, 28039, 13403, 326, 2186, 1824, 8094, 4830, 253, 2553, 273, 253, 2601, 8094, 13, 4933, 253, 820, 4206, 2601, 8094, 15840, 281, 42030, 285, 5533, 342, 1016, 643, 275, 1340, 281, 830, 30450, 273, 33666, 15, 313, 2214, 625, 327, 436, 13, 923, 4473, 6480, 2698, 1292, 33666, 1912, 626, 830, 275, 7665, 15, 380, 30097, 7665, 275, 49469, 285, 643, 4874, 641, 1057, 417, 16152, 3139, 275, 253, 1072, 1039, 347, 1824, 15, 4923, 273, 436, 13, 352, 1057, 417, 21435, 4427, 253, 4324, 13, 285, 3103, 1057, 417, 8596, 275, 33666, 4702, 15, 2896, 15706, 690, 273, 253, 1824, 275, 776, 13612, 342, 49469, 313, 4609, 4428, 3387, 2558, 16075, 285, 816, 3925, 2558, 1824, 582, 359, 1472, 2104, 281, 823, 625, 5558, 281, 253, 17652, 594, 352, 19931, 2602, 285, 4691, 282, 494, 13, 533, 1293, 3629, 253, 5434, 273, 253, 23396, 8577, 10458, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 752, 604, 368, 1053, 626, 452, 49469, 275, 634, 20018, 610, 1128, 5092, 1529, 5096, 14, 16314, 26375, 320, 908, 275, 697, 1659, 32, 844, 30363, 3376, 23396, 84, 1160, 342, 11267, 13, 41236, 13, 285, 48347, 285, 2429, 731, 1930, 407, 1930, 342, 776, 49469, 23396, 15, 44156, 13, 253, 8485, 5020, 273, 776, 246, 22854, 812, 417, 12129, 2190, 253, 1027, 26791, 273, 41001, 2721, 15, 496, 958, 13, 597, 812, 417, 9075, 253, 7665, 387, 512, 15, 1876, 273, 253, 23396, 84, 574, 247, 4076, 9075, 285, 892, 22560, 14542, 15, 1893, 604, 49469, 310, 417, 634, 246, 33687, 273, 4327, 13, 564, 6386, 285, 16502, 667, 5096, 14, 16314, 26375, 15, 187, 187, 19873, 2637, 6589, 5915, 41, 3271, 5935, 367, 9051, 399, 36290, 187, 187, 56, 38512, 6589, 11147, 496, 3376, 17652, 1160, 342, 1824, 3815, 13, 253, 1824, 29290, 342, 253, 12274, 281, 830, 247, 1175, 2968, 273, 33666, 13, 534, 476, 2847, 253, 17652, 281, 320, 10458, 15, 187, 187, 55, 3519, 24338, 4889, 411, 38512, 4051, 10284, 1057, 417, 830, 275, 7665, 15, 3813, 3376, 17652, 1160, 342, 247, 7802, 273, 49469, 285, 1824, 556, 1679, 33666, 285, 310, 1199, 625, 14510, 15, 187, 187, 14524, 611, 38283, 1400, 8021, 10810, 2894, 3489, 187, 187, 6175, 5859, 1537, 2085, 1329, 323, 970, 49469, 275, 3376, 17652, 13, 359, 10345, 626, 1469, 281, 320, 13762, 273, 697, 1318, 1919, 359, 812, 923, 352, 342, 776, 1211, 2927, 15, 1916, 3653, 1880, 390, 417, 253, 897, 273, 49469, 2789, 247, 3064, 275, 253, 14542, 273, 247, 892, 22560, 3376, 23396, 13, 359, 30363, 39657, 273, 776, 401, 1062, 16314, 18603, 14, 14201, 461, 27695, 399, 602, 1128, 531, 342, 247, 337, 27, 18, 4313, 273, 49469, 281, 1824, 313, 11199, 5500, 273, 1016, 582, 285, 1529, 342, 816, 1824, 313, 8313, 5500, 273, 1824, 2264, 481, 1916, 1056, 2831, 14, 4674, 14023, 6927, 13, 359, 16465, 2147, 253, 3376, 10855, 285, 3185, 14436, 562, 253, 17652, 715, 1781, 14526, 285, 2624, 731, 715, 608, 14, 12099, 407, 374, 14, 12099, 9004, 19236, 13, 534, 359, 30363, 327, 247, 46391, 14, 12490, 17326, 8335, 15, 7243, 253, 22486, 273, 30363, 3376, 23396, 497, 4484, 13, 359, 16645, 731, 327, 767, 1355, 5148, 15107, 13, 751, 247, 6863, 287, 365, 13, 285, 4845, 247, 10257, 14, 1710, 5500, 273, 33945, 447, 327, 1755, 273, 1016, 23396, 281, 2939, 697, 346, 85, 602, 1255, 449, 187, 187, 9707, 21180, 34077, 187, 187, 510, 3376, 23396, 1160, 342, 49469, 4745, 24145, 275, 767, 13, 18752, 253, 5500, 273, 33945, 447, 13, 534, 840, 42893, 562, 4830, 253, 4828, 15, 380, 3376, 23396, 1160, 342, 760, 1824, 6376, 15282, 13, 2299, 13, 285, 4934, 697, 33945, 447, 16645, 323, 670, 247, 7017, 15, 308, 22854, 753, 326, 253, 49469, 3376, 23396, 369, 1199, 625, 14510, 285, 892, 22560, 15, 380, 512, 14, 7779, 23396, 369, 4366, 1598, 42306, 15, 187, 187, 9707, 22039, 6541, 24564, 8506, 187, 187, 8457, 33666, 588, 417, 830, 275, 253, 3361, 273, 7665, 13, 253, 3376, 23396, 1160, 342, 4503, 4243, 49469, 285, 1824, 574, 247, 1199, 1679, 3715, 33666, 2990, 685, 253, 3376, 23396, 1160, 342, 1824, 3815, 15, 1244, 1679, 33666, 2789, 323, 247, 14510, 285, 892, 22560, 23396, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 970, 247, 7802, 273, 49469, 285, 1824, 4483, 441, 281, 823, 625, 5558, 281, 253, 17652, 281, 755, 352, 281, 320, 347, 4691, 282, 494, 285, 3477, 281, 789, 342, 347, 1896, 1293, 8479, 13622, 10458, 1255, 15, 187, 187, 510, 16507, 32, 657, 42713, 3548, 626, 816, 323, 10678, 15, 1284, 247, 4279, 24405, 275, 3376, 23396, 13, 352, 476, 1097, 1056, 253, 3376, 23396, 625, 14510, 13, 285, 253, 1495, 273, 253, 4417, 2820, 281, 4533, 562, 253, 17652, 6927, 15, 187, 187, 9707, 367, 27306, 3481, 657, 3519, 24338, 27, 444, 1719, 58, 14, 7058, 14, 13935, 2293, 13, 308, 8112, 947, 367, 9051, 6246, 11533, 187, 187, 1231, 1160, 767, 39657, 273, 776, 3376, 23396, 13, 581, 342, 253, 3451, 4313, 273, 49469, 281, 1824, 13, 253, 643, 342, 1824, 3815, 13, 285, 840, 5762, 253, 1543, 342, 247, 5500, 273, 33945, 447, 15, 380, 892, 22560, 49469, 17652, 1904, 626, 1462, 247, 4839, 15, 187, 187, 55, 3519, 24338, 4889, 411, 38512, 187, 187, 1552, 14510, 3376, 23396, 28114, 4745, 15, 187, 187, 56, 38512, 6589, 11147, 187, 187, 1552, 42306, 23396, 2918, 253, 33945, 447, 323, 247, 2120, 7017, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 9653, 3329, 1400, 26127, 2894, 18769, 6570, 4915, 37051, 50275, 187, 8022, 38, 399, 36290, 187, 187, 1785, 47972, 629, 273, 253, 6749, 1824, 342, 49469, 310, 253, 2234, 281, 6153, 247, 973, 14, 23889, 456, 17652, 326, 310, 3477, 281, 789, 342, 15, 1244, 984, 253, 49469, 2506, 626, 17561, 33666, 13, 776, 17652, 270, 1582, 598, 892, 22560, 15, 496, 4499, 13, 954, 973, 14, 23889, 456, 17652, 84, 1160, 342, 816, 6749, 1824, 32413, 598, 10458, 285, 16269, 90, 984, 253, 4465, 1824, 30185, 1512, 1199, 33666, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 253, 20247, 275, 436, 4473, 13, 3376, 17652, 310, 247, 2234, 24405, 275, 49011, 5914, 27695, 285, 44513, 353, 2158, 489, 27695, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 26483, 3271, 3175, 4985, 39, 399, 43028, 14, 1311, 11533, 367, 9051, 399, 36290, 187, 187, 3788, 46009, 16449, 36290, 6651, 21252, 898, 14, 1042, 2775, 367, 9051, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 55, 42713, 310, 5667, 281, 253, 14510, 14542, 273, 436, 23396, 285, 1607, 12863, 642, 13746, 1128, 3088, 417, 16502, 1824, 15, 831, 17652, 310, 5497, 2131, 685, 954, 2629, 3376, 17652, 84, 285, 588, 2430, 8783, 273, 12274, 281, 4533, 562, 313, 484, 281, 36444, 5500, 481, 329, 2739, 13732, 310, 5667, 323, 2403, 436, 17652, 1128, 262, 2550, 320, 1160, 407, 1133, 15, 187, 187, 19, 8313, 1040, 15107, 313, 805, 8313, 28409, 10, 512, 14, 27299, 12274, 187, 187, 20782, 187, 187, 19, 1040, 18850, 8618, 187, 187, 18, 1040, 15893, 7043, 187, 187, 805, 1040, 18850, 5061, 36545, 10379, 13, 2624, 715, 36444, 14, 12099, 7437, 285, 45066, 187, 187, 25, 1040, 18850, 21436, 39243, 13, 2624, 715, 577, 7437, 285, 45066, 187, 187, 11199, 1040, 5500, 49469, 13, 45066, 187, 187, 11199, 1040, 5500, 6749, 1824, 187, 187, 93, 187, 187, 18, 15, 12639, 337, 8313, 15107, 12274, 13, 8618, 13, 285, 7043, 2366, 275, 2739, 13732, 1919, 5678, 13, 670, 608, 7253, 15, 1810, 2569, 10379, 285, 39243, 689, 1755, 285, 4035, 281, 1232, 1919, 11217, 285, 7802, 9513, 281, 830, 30914, 502, 10628, 342, 642, 5780, 12274, 90, 9886, 13, 670, 1458, 7253, 15, 187, 187, 19, 15, 1810, 6182, 1066, 11636, 285, 25529, 17652, 25356, 1475, 13732, 15096, 15, 14474, 22064, 5780, 337, 5500, 12274, 689, 17652, 285, 10724, 1919, 7802, 556, 7154, 598, 715, 7437, 285, 310, 25356, 5939, 1475 ]	premium butters, our tasters had trouble telling the difference, even when tasted plain. Regular unsalted butter contains 81 to 82 percent fat; premium brands have 83 to 86 percent fat. Because higher-fat butter remains solid over a wider temperature range, we like it when making croissant dough and other recipes where rapid softening of the butter would cause problems. GAUGING BUTTER TEMPERATURE CHILLED Temperature : About 35 degrees Method : Cut into small pieces and freeze until very firm, 10 to 15 minutes. How To Test : It should not yield when pressed with a finger and should be cold to the touch. Why it Matters : Cold butter is cut into flour for flaky pie dough. SOFTENED Temperature : 60 to 68 degrees Method : Let refrigerated butter sit at room temperature for 30 to 60 minutes. How to Test : At 60 degrees, it should yield to slight pressure and crack when pressed. At 68 degrees, it should bend easily without breaking and give slightly when pressed. Why it Matters : Sugar can be creamed with softened but still cool butter (60 degrees) or completely softened butter (68 degrees) to make different types of cakes (see concepts 46 and 47). MELTED AND COOLED Temperature : 85 to 94 degrees Method : Melt in small saucepan or microwave-safe bowl and let cool for about 5 minutes. How to Test : It should be fluid and slightly warm to the touch. Why it Matters : Water in liquefied butter mixes with flour to create chewy cookies. # CONCEPT 44 ## Vodka Makes Pie Dough Easy Whoever coined the phrase "easy as pie" clearly had never made a pie. Yes, the recipe for a pie crust sounds simple to prepare. Mix flour with salt and sugar, cut in fat, add just enough cold water so that the dough sticks together, then roll out and bake. You want a dough that bakes up tender and flaky and is relatively easy to work with. But the reality is that pie dough often bakes up tough and leathery and it's often a pain to work with—cracking and tearing are common problems. HOW THE SCIENCE WORKS The trouble with pie dough is that it never seems to behave the same way twice. This means that you need to troubleshoot every time you make a pie. And troubleshooting requires experience, so that you can recognize what's going on with that particular dough and then make the proper adjustments. Most modern cooks make pies only a few times a year and can't be expected to troubleshoot at all. Perfect pie dough has just the right balance of tenderness and structure. The former comes from fat, the latter from long protein chains called gluten that form when flour mixes with water. Too little gluten and the dough won't stick together—but too much and the crust turns tough. We've developed an approach that keeps gluten in check but also allows for an unusually supple dough that's easy to handle and reduces the chances of overworking. Our revolutionary pie dough recipe removes the guesswork by relying on a secret ingredient: It all comes down to alcohol. You see, gluten forms readily in water. Water hydrates the proteins in flour. This means that the water molecules attach themselves to the proteins through the formation of hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds are weak, electrostatic bonds that hold water molecules onto the surface of the protein molecules, giving the coiled protein molecules flexibility to unravel and bond with each other in order to form strands of gluten. (For more on this, see concept 38.) But gluten won't form in alcohol. The ethyl alcohol in vodka and other liquors does not attach itself in the same way as water. Because of this, it does not hydrate the proteins, and therefore does not aid in gluten formation. By replacing some of the water in our recipe with vodka (which contains 40 percent ethanol and just 60 percent water), we're able to add more liquid to the dough so it stays soft and malleable, but without increasing the danger of the crust turning tough. But what if you don't have vodka in your pantry—can another 80-proof liquor be used in its place? We baked pie crusts made with rum, whiskey, and gin and compared them side by side with our vodka crust. Surprisingly, the vast majority of our tasters could not distinguish among the different flavors of booze. In fact, they could not taste the alcohol at all. All of the crusts had a clean taste and flaky texture. So if vodka is not your tipple of choice, go ahead and substitute any 80-proof liquor. ADDING ALCOHOL TO PIE DOUGH WATER ALONE In pie dough made with water alone, the water interacts with the flour to form a good deal of gluten, which can cause the dough to be tough. VODKA AND WATER Gluten does not form in alcohol. Therefore pie dough made with a mixture of vodka and water has less gluten and is much more tender. TEST KITCHEN EXPERIMENT While science might provide support for using vodka in pie dough, we weren't going to be convinced of its value until we could see it with our own eyes. To determine whether or not the use of vodka makes a difference in the texture of a flaky pie crust, we baked batches of our Foolproof Double-Crust Pie Dough—one with a 1:1 ratio of vodka to water (¼ cup of each), and another with just water (½ cup of water total). To make cross-section comparisons easier, we ditched the pie plates and instead rolled out the dough into large sheets and cut them into 5-inch by 2-inch rectangles, which we baked on a parchment-lined baking sheet. Once the strips of baked pie crust were cool, we balanced them on two small metal cups, like a tightrope, and placed a 250-gram cup of pennies on top of each crust to assess its "toughness." THE RESULTS The pie crust made with vodka immediately snapped in two, dropping the cup of pennies, which then spilled out onto the counter. The pie crust made with only water remained intact, however, and kept its pennies balanced for about a minute. Tasters said that the vodka pie crust was much more tender and flaky. The all-water crust was noticeably tougher. THE TAKEAWAY Because gluten will not form in the presence of alcohol, the pie crust made with equal parts vodka and water had a much less developed gluten network than the pie crust made with water alone. And less gluten makes for a tender and flaky crust. In addition, using a mixture of vodka and water allows us to add more liquid to the dough to get it to be as malleable and easy to work with as possible without causing excessive toughness. The lesson? Vodka isn't just for drinking. As a secret ingredient in pie crust, it can both make the pie crust more tender, and the life of the cook trying to roll out the dough easier. THE POWER OF VODKA: EASY-TO-ROLL, TENDER PIE CRUST We made two batches of our pie crust, one with the correct ratio of vodka to water, the other with water alone, and then tested the results with a cup of pennies. The flaky vodka dough didn't stand a chance. VODKA AND WATER This tender pie crust cracked immediately. WATER ALONE This tougher crust held the pennies for a full minute. ### GLUTEN MINIMIZATION AT WORK PIE DOUGH Replacing part of the ice water with vodka is the key to creating a well-hydrated dough that is easy to work with. And because the vodka doesn't activate gluten, our dough bakes up flaky. In contrast, most well-hydrated doughs made with just ice water bake up tough and leathery because the extra water activates too much gluten. In addition to the recipes in this concept, pie dough is a key ingredient in Pumpkin Pie and Lemon Meringue Pie. #### FOOLPROOF DOUBLE-CRUST PIE DOUGH MAKES ENOUGH FOR ONE 9-INCH PIE * * * Vodka is essential to the tender texture of this crust and imparts no flavor—do not substitute water. This dough is moister than most standard pie doughs and will require lots of flour to roll out (up to ¼ cup). A food processor is essential for making this dough—it cannot be made by hand. 2½ \| cups (12½ ounces) all-purpose flour ---\|--- 2 \| tablespoons sugar 1 \| teaspoon salt 12 \| tablespoons unsalted butter, cut into ¼-inch pieces and chilled 8 \| tablespoons vegetable shortening, cut into 4 pieces and chilled ¼ \| cup vodka, chilled ¼ \| cup ice water \| 1. Process 1½ cups flour, sugar, and salt together in food processor until combined, about 5 seconds. Scatter butter and shortening over top and continue to process until incorporated and mixture begins to form uneven clumps with no remaining floury bits, about 15 seconds. 2. Scrape down bowl and redistribute dough evenly around processor blade. Sprinkle remaining 1 cup flour over dough and pulse until mixture has broken up into pieces and is evenly distributed around
[ 452, 690, 3076, 3668, 670, 634, 1113, 449, 346, 7371, 581, 865, 346, 42, 1158, 352, 434, 1682, 368, 923, 323, 4834, 449, 346, 42, 1833, 1339, 731, 871, 359, 1472, 327, 776, 1039, 449, 346, 1276, 513, 368, 871, 670, 436, 5599, 865, 346, 1328, 434, 1529, 260, 15, 42, 449, 346, 23852, 458, 507, 327, 779, 672, 425, 267, 434, 417, 1475, 449, 346, 22582, 865, 346, 1231, 943, 2312, 281, 779, 449, 346, 2302, 13, 1339, 434, 1339, 352, 1132, 562, 449, 346, 1466, 434, 923, 835, 344, 5644, 441, 449, 346, 2598, 13, 8216, 556, 247, 1859, 13, 23445, 865, 346, 1992, 1333, 8216, 556, 247, 1859, 1051, 310, 751, 3981, 253, 14713, 934, 246, 6719, 365, 1051, 556, 247, 2849, 5411, 5253, 449, 346, 1147, 352, 248, 954, 22936, 2846, 9875, 1051, 776, 4344, 2846, 556, 281, 3959, 449, 346, 22582, 865, 346, 42, 452, 281, 564, 1024, 449, 346, 42829, 449, 346, 6723, 368, 6501, 3698, 346, 78, 3508, 15165, 3255, 346, 12690, 83, 14459, 865, 3255, 346, 2302, 449, 346, 4013, 449, 346, 5872, 352, 6505, 342, 479, 449, 346, 1147, 369, 5322, 281, 923, 368, 13, 6827, 15, 4176, 449, 346, 29235, 281, 923, 368, 13, 1512, 13, 5497, 91, 449, 346, 8061, 323, 253, 362, 2610, 449, 346, 1147, 369, 425, 267, 434, 449, 346, 35082, 751, 776, 260, 15, 42, 15, 686, 52, 1669, 253, 3652, 449, 346, 1394, 971, 441, 281, 956, 779, 390, 3297, 1060, 865, 346, 1231, 943, 956, 779, 449, 346, 1231, 513, 1097, 449, 346, 3220, 6068, 3297, 285, 5724, 253, 2419, 449, 346, 1231, 1833, 956, 253, 36232, 330, 2843, 5292, 449, 346, 42, 5476, 352, 434, 346, 1065, 634, 260, 15, 42, 15, 1916, 789, 3, 1388, 449, 346, 1552, 1039, 449, 346, 35737, 423, 368, 871, 479, 449, 346, 19735, 479, 247, 1921, 449, 346, 42, 1849, 1677, 634, 49541, 4999, 10056, 13, 285, 275, 670, 767, 2909, 13, 359, 1472, 6501, 2590, 521, 1416, 449, 346, 3726, 1694, 281, 320, 5015, 670, 29053, 285, 17179, 449, 346, 30395, 479, 13, 6068, 13, 309, 1694, 281, 1379, 436, 449, 346, 1552, 310, 425, 267, 449, 346, 8262, 449, 346, 6723, 368, 342, 12595, 472, 865, 346, 6506, 13, 10902, 449, 346, 6723, 368, 627, 13, 8674, 865, 346, 42, 717, 449, 346, 7883, 326, 865, 346, 17570, 779, 352, 434, 30973, 287, 649, 449, 346, 1147, 434, 30973, 287, 649, 449, 346, 37, 8960, 943, 320, 342, 331, 266, 1936, 6426, 449, 346, 6506, 449, 346, 18931, 14, 73, 6968, 449, 346, 2773, 434, 3451, 449, 346, 19735, 479, 253, 4481, 449, 346, 7745, 13, 309, 1158, 12595, 472, 5605, 281, 3984, 342, 368, 449, 346, 36, 2843, 5292, 13, 368, 1335, 627, 865, 346, 8917, 368, 7168, 779, 865, 346, 1147, 434, 12595, 472, 13, 8674, 449, 346, 3848, 777, 472, 865, 346, 12501, 330, 2843, 5292, 896, 327, 449, 346, 4374, 13, 8674, 449, 346, 42, 1353, 896, 449, 346, 9281, 449, 346, 11778, 368, 2455, 1408, 247, 18897, 434, 34390, 865, 346, 42, 1849, 644, 275, 581, 449, 346, 4497, 13, 1024, 434, 634, 4839, 281, 1408, 352, 327, 247, 530, 15, 52, 15, 278, 19032, 449, 346, 1394, 2590, 327, 752, 281, 513, 865, 346, 36, 18568, 2590, 449, 346, 8398, 368, 13, 8674, 449, 346, 1276, 434, 1469, 327, 865, 346, 6300, 956, 619, 1421, 449, 12122, 12505, 337, 369, 15661, 4321, 3063, 1051, 285, 8505, 2668, 327, 3240, 247, 11010, 9549, 449, 346, 3726, 1869, 597, 812, 3324, 352, 1060, 323, 4243, 449, 346, 1276, 403, 597, 2509, 275, 627, 865, 346, 42, 1158, 368, 871, 752, 597, 1472, 2509, 275, 627, 449, 346, 2773, 434, 352, 449, 346, 7883, 858, 436, 865, 346, 1231, 452, 731, 275, 13555, 13, 2305, 15, 1936, 6426, 449, 346, 5498, 626, 7664, 449, 346, 4497, 13, 597, 1472, 6501, 2075, 449, 346, 6300, 878, 634, 11118, 3255, 346, 2042, 368, 812, 1239, 689, 436, 3908, 323, 479, 449, 346, 42, 1158, 368, 1833, 1089, 3253, 434, 275, 1340, 449, 346, 15271, 6426, 434, 9968, 247, 2968, 342, 253, 12578, 449, 346, 1328, 434, 10156, 368, 562, 449, 346, 47195, 13, 627, 352, 310, 3255, 346, 66, 6704, 26438, 449, 346, 5035, 13, 2378, 368, 2692, 598, 387, 1936, 6426, 434, 3906, 13, 344, 3260, 352, 369, 760, 247, 2647, 273, 16816, 1078, 368, 3531, 327, 779, 449, 346, 1328, 1160, 247, 2968, 449, 346, 8380, 327, 13, 12595, 472, 449, 346, 5498, 626, 1056, 352, 12150, 685, 352, 310, 449, 346, 2512, 310, 581, 625, 2181, 449, 346, 1276, 310, 436, 512, 670, 865, 346, 3848, 777, 472, 2296, 368, 5087, 745, 271, 12578, 21538, 1051, 281, 28427, 366, 285, 5159, 12170, 275, 4400, 7587, 449, 346, 1394, 1472, 2819, 387, 2030, 281, 1495, 3255, 346, 28645, 368, 1265, 5015, 449, 346, 3848, 777, 472, 2210, 598, 342, 253, 2644, 2181, 449, 346, 1276, 513, 368, 971, 281, 871, 670, 779, 865, 346, 19735, 352, 598, 449, 346, 28412, 896, 1476, 346, 41, 2287, 598, 13, 12595, 472, 1476, 346, 1147, 434, 689, 449, 346, 12501, 253, 5654, 1066, 327, 253, 3216, 1476, 346, 1394, 8968, 253, 20993, 368, 4269, 479, 342, 30973, 287, 649, 1051, 672, 368, 18436, 865, 346, 26143, 327, 436, 1930, 273, 247, 637, 73, 2084, 1051, 3548, 626, 512, 759, 3844, 285, 277, 34634, 621, 13, 310, 352, 865, 346, 4678, 1832, 1146, 3977, 1977, 275, 260, 25428, 449, 346, 8620, 2444, 342, 368, 13, 12595, 472, 449, 346, 2347, 1871, 352, 564, 865, 346, 3726, 1849, 16481, 17179, 273, 512, 7260, 449, 346, 35, 1377, 287, 649, 434, 30938, 839, 779, 715, 253, 3168, 23966, 9025, 449, 346, 2773, 434, 1270, 789, 13, 4130, 449, 346, 1466, 434, 755, 690, 1551, 449, 346, 6560, 267, 3255, 346, 8620, 789, 449, 346, 8398, 368, 449, 346, 42, 1833, 320, 12860, 1728, 13, 1512, 449, 346, 56, 251, 626, 320, 1469, 281, 253, 27286, 3063, 13, 686, 18923, 13, 368, 871, 13, 352, 434, 3345, 619, 9941, 449, 346, 7845, 865, 346, 8061, 323, 4882, 1390, 2360, 13, 5497, 91, 449, 346, 4013, 13, 253, 956, 14, 783, 14, 39892, 5017, 865, 346, 2773, 369, 1429, 434, 1132, 449, 346, 510, 1921, 309, 1353, 6789, 1024, 1051, 310, 984, 309, 1849, 2797, 690, 1491, 1580, 840, 449, 346, 1276, 1871, 368, 1089, 865, 346, 42, 871, 665, 20428, 1925, 432, 253, 6415, 449, 346, 1147, 369, 253, 12578, 21538, 665, 873, 598, 253, 2968, 875, 368, 285, 20428, 449, 346, 31352, 12436, 47574, 449, 346, 4125, 309, 878, 281, 1089, 779, 449, 346, 36, 2843, 5292, 1476, 346, 42, 1833, 755, 987, 896, 281, 368, 449, 346, 20405, 449, 346, 8380, 1060, 449, 346, 1394, 7219, 327, 6523, 436, 865, 346, 4497, 13, 10902, 13, 309, 369, 13, 533, 13, 368, 871, 13, 352, 434, 562, 273, 619, 2491, 285, 3255, 346, 18931, 14, 73, 6968, 449, 346, 42, 1849, 3078, 281, 923, 436, 2181, 1580, 352, 5485, 449, 346, 1466, 434, 564, 449, 346, 1394, 871, 13, 432, 253, 2774, 309, 1313, 368, 937, 346, 42, 812, 2028, 368, 1472, 247, 637, 273, 22407, 27491, 449, 346, 4013, 13, 309, 871, 13, 4070, 449, 346, 42, 1833, 320, 1728, 15, 1458, 2909, 13, 27164, 449, 346, 4013, 13, 309, 476, 626, 3343, 13, 2057, 449, 346, 6300, 247, 1643, 3038, 4600, 13, 285, 309, 1833, 320, 13298, 512, 1388, 3255, 346, 1898, 2360, 449, 3220, 3973, 313, 395, 4931, 760, 10, 20299, 3390, 11240, 2, 187, 187, 3220, 3331, 12017, 466, 556, 25546, 479, 323, 253, 15997, 39551, 4261, 20299, 1063, 11240, 15, 1500, 310, 594, 7353, 15, 4058, 5311, 310, 12017, 466, 52, 1994, 1857, 13, 285, 352, 1900, 247, 11010, 281, 1239, 27, 594, 4496, 2451, 352, 562, 15, 831, 310, 619, 1273, 38525, 3167, 2670, 13, 285, 309, 2389, 31198, 27, 309, 452, 1160, 594, 1142, 3858, 285, 1119, 594, 1142, 24960, 281, 1239, 690, 1897, 309, 476, 457, 85, 1978, 598, 15, 187, 187, 42, 3053, 247, 5311, 984, 309, 971, 281, 3630, 15, 7088, 1921, 13, 987, 32, 1737, 309, 452, 1119, 247, 24863, 3114, 273, 41982, 326, 309, 1620, 3264, 15, 1583, 403, 23384, 13, 11755, 285, 1077, 3309, 281, 479, 15, 309, 5717, 4130, 665, 9563, 619, 5311, 13, 285, 3524, 326, 309, 588, 4035, 281, 1600, 13, 9845, 390, 26761, 368, 313, 38499, 352, 3936, 281, 1978, 368, 4361, 49042, 220, 2387, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 690, 4803, 309, 878, 281, 956, 281, 2997, 436, 5722, 13, 253, 806, 369, 2668, 1557, 273, 407, 685, 4351, 12017, 466, 313, 4609, 309, 651, 452, 2218, 8791, 481, 380, 1273, 310, 326, 309, 878, 281, 1618, 253, 4803, 285, 3148, 253, 5722, 313, 284, 604, 309, 5082, 457, 85, 42678, 253, 2626, 310, 3894, 5093, 5441, 670, 4266, 313, 28287, 4202, 10, 285, 253, 7002, 310, 326, 309, 7163, 4024, 1458, 7715, 41982, 323, 253, 5722, 313, 12563, 31196, 481, 187, 187, 40151, 37351, 670, 479, 27, 187, 187, 18, 10, 496, 619, 1384, 84, 309, 369, 30643, 23201, 326, 309, 651, 1620, 3630, 2712, 281, 2557, 598, 281, 3660, 708, 20000, 187, 187, 19, 10, 309, 452, 271, 8909, 5019, 273, 48872, 285, 38313, 13, 534, 2789, 479, 1097, 509, 22480, 285, 247, 24493, 21590, 313, 309, 717, 417, 11245, 13, 816, 452, 2176, 37725, 326, 1039, 326, 452, 644, 3839, 8344, 407, 954, 952, 309, 1705, 275, 3057, 342, 10, 187, 187, 20, 10, 309, 2389, 2712, 326, 556, 1740, 9246, 285, 247, 8105, 13, 285, 13, 22972, 1523, 13, 597, 2389, 479, 896, 187, 187, 21, 10, 309, 717, 4390, 35700, 285, 2444, 281, 755, 247, 21612, 275, 8710, 37727, 17762, 281, 1089, 247, 8228, 14, 484, 5249, 187, 187, 22, 10, 309, 1663, 4264, 9073, 952, 187, 187, 23, 10, 309, 369, 247, 24718, 187, 187, 24, 10, 309, 642, 3356, 1557, 604, 309, 3630, 3660, 708, 20000, 13, 309, 5211, 281, 3630, 327, 619, 767, 24960, 285, 923, 752, 3249, 187, 187, 42, 9703, 619, 41982, 323, 1027, 4606, 15, 3808, 403, 29853, 323, 253, 3290, 285, 10671, 597, 3630, 15, 733, 476, 320, 2834, 281, 1501, 2067, 2069, 247, 2129, 285, 1335, 320, 4722, 285, 4623, 15, 2053, 41982, 513, 326, 15, 3808, 309, 5055, 323, 752, 597, 3630, 15, 44500, 247, 17716, 285, 653, 3867, 634, 1495, 457, 84, 2614, 323, 253, 1533, 281, 923, 310, 1892, 13, 285, 352, 310, 29853, 849, 440, 1258, 12099, 5356, 841, 41982, 513, 326, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 31886, 3888, 275, 3781, 8595, 187, 187, 7371, 310, 253, 1682, 1039, 281, 4657, 3888, 275, 271, 3781, 32, 309, 1353, 970, 10882, 6527, 285, 309, 1024, 5730, 281, 4657, 731, 275, 271, 3781, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 36273, 3594, 357, 589, 310, 752, 368, 971, 15, 187, 6586, 23764, 426, 3635, 28, 187, 14626, 551, 187, 50274, 8428, 426, 10882, 6527, 15, 1088, 9, 1826, 8490, 1587, 8428, 15, 8567, 17378, 187, 94, 5834, 313, 38487, 299, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 70, 15, 45098, 1874, 187, 94, 187, 565, 259, 426, 23764, 15, 788, 12175, 9, 8629, 558, 187, 565, 288, 426, 23764, 15, 788, 13881, 9, 8629, 558, 187, 565, 5456, 15115, 426, 747, 540, 60, 88, 475, 288, 2194, 187, 36273, 3594, 357, 589, 23256, 426, 747, 45562, 3594, 357, 589, 9, 8428, 13, 470, 13, 470, 13, 259, 13, 288, 13, 15115, 13, 470, 13, 259, 558, 187, 14626, 551, 187, 50274, 8159, 15, 737, 357, 42734, 1241, 1874, 187, 94, 5834, 313, 6504, 3787, 264, 5330, 299, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 7761, 15, 1000, 15, 16684, 1587, 30933, 264, 6179, 323, 15115, 48708, 187, 50274, 2309, 28, 187, 94, 187, 338, 6048, 8159, 15, 788, 9505, 1082, 708, 10882, 42780, 15, 2925, 7396, 10, 3613, 470, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 7761, 15, 1000, 15, 16684, 1587, 5695, 20279, 490, 7551, 390, 2827, 45284, 3287, 187, 50274, 2309, 28, 187, 94, 187, 1542, 313, 565, 891, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 15115, 15, 3985, 28, 891, 9234, 187, 50274, 7761, 15, 483, 15, 16684, 9, 30061, 1241, 60, 74, 9259, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 1239, 253, 2644, 3888, 275, 3541, 13, 368, 476 ]	have some bad news about your car." "Which one?" "I think it's best you see for yourself." "I'll let them know we're on our way." "What do you know about this guy?" "He's another c.I." "Peter leans on him when neal's not around." "Really?" "We should talk to him." "No, let's let it play out." "Let's see where he leads us." "So, Thursday has a view, huh?" "To say Thursday has a view... is like saying the hubble telespe... has a magnifying glass." "It ithe most spectacular cityscape... our fair city has to offer." "Really?" "I have to go now." "Ay." "Are you gonna watch "moon landing..." "factr fiction?"..." "No." "Oh." "Then it leaves with me." "It was nice to see you, Mrs. suit." "Nice to see you, too, moz." "Thanks for the vino." "It was neal's." "Looks like our c.I. 'S left the building." "You want us to follow him or stay here?" "We should follow him." "We do both." "My guys stay and monitor the house." "We'll follow the miniature Caffrey." "I guess it's "put your c.I. To work" day." "This way." "Pretend you know me." "Give me a reason." "I've given your sweetheart safe passage, and in about two minutes, we're gonna clear his name." "They got to be talking about Burke and Franklin." "Excuse me, guys, I got to take this." "This is neal." "Hey." "Are you with deckard?" "Yeah, yeah." "Are you there, sir?" "I am." "Who that?" "Tell him it's bancroft." "It's bancroft." "Diana should be with stan volker." "Yeah." "Uh-huh." "That's correct." "Give me the phone." "Look, I think deckard wants to speak with you." "Caffrey, you still there?" "Did you lose him?" "It's deckard, sir." "Deckard?" "Put Caffrey back on." "Yes, sir." "I'm back." "Okay." "Have you ever run a prisoner's dilemma?" "I've been in one." "Well, now's your chance to run it on a U.S. marshal." "You clear on what to do?" "Crystal clear." "Thank you, sir." "What's going on?" "Just follow my lead." "$tan 1 was stolen earlier today... and apparently taken on quite a joy ride." "They thought they could bring it here for parts." "What are they doing in there?" "I think you know what they're doing in there." "That's it." "Who did this?" "We have them in custody, Mr. volker." "Don't worry." "Well, they're gonna pay." "Just need your signature..." "If you could read over this statement for me." "I think you'll find everything's in order." "Volker's cutting a deal with the FBI." "He's selling you out." "Yep, there it is..." "a signed confession." "See, once you showed up at volker's office, he knew it was only a matter of ti before you turned on him." "He made a deal." "Come on, deckard." "Don't make it harder than it is." "There is one more thing." "What is this all about?" "Deckard says you paid off an FBI Agent... to intimidate and kill witnesses in federal trials." "You're looking at 25 to life..." "Unless you start talking." "Deckard came up with the whole thing." "What do you want to know about him?" "Give it up." "Stay back!" "Hands up, deckard!" "It's over." "Put the gun down on the ground!" "You realize the grief you caused me with bancroft... when you fled?" "Being on this side of a manhunt... isn't all peaches and dandelions, is it?" "Beats being led away in cuffs." "Good working with you, deckard." "How'd it go?" "They've cleared Franklin of all charges." "Bancroft's reinstating him into the white collar division." "That's great work, everyone." "Let's get some rest." "Neal..." "Good work." "Thank you." "I'll be headed home, too." "Won't be going to the Powell today, 'cause, you know, it's outside my radius." "Please?" "Thanks for playing last night, moz." "Oh, the follow-the-leader stuff?" "That was child's play." "The reason I'm calling now... is because I've obtained some information since then." "What'd you find?" "I know who Kate called from the plane." "It was the FBI Agent who set up the deal between you and Kate." "Garrett Fowler." "Now I need to find him." "Caffrey!" "I'll get right back to you." "Sir." "Come here." "You planning on seeing this?" "Well, yeah, I was, but, you know, it's out of my range and..." "Uh-huh." "I've wanted to see this thing since it opened." "Let's go." "You know, from the moment I met you," "I could tell you're a man of refined tastes." "Oh, I know, hon." "I'll be home. 15 minutes, tops." "Oh, I can't wait, either." "Just a few hours sleep, and I'll be yours all day..." "And night."My First (and perhaps only) Blogging Award! My friend Susie has nominated me for the Very Inspiring Blogger Award. She is so sweet. Her blog is SusieShy45, and it always a joy to read: so please check it out. This is my second blogging host site, and I love WordPress: I have made so many friends and found so many blogs to read some days I can’t keep up. I started a blog because I want to write. Good reason, right? What I have found a vivid community of bloggers that I never expected. They are supportive, funny and very necessary to me. I thank everyone who reads my blog, and hope that I will continue to interest, entertain or inspire you (whatever it takes to keep you reading 😉 ) There are some rules I need to follow to accept this award, the first was taken care of by thanking Susie (which I would have done anyway). The second is that I need to list the rules and display the award (as if I wouldn’t!), the third is share seven facts about myself (forthcoming) and the fourth is that I nominate 15 fellow bloggers for the award (also forthcoming). Seven Facts about me: 1) In my 20s I was terribly depressed that I would never write anything to measure up to War & Peace 2) I have an odd combination of OCD and ADD, which makes me both compulsive and a scatterbrain ( I am not diagnosed, just have certain tendencies that way that have been generally noticed by most people I come in contact with) 3) I love anything that has four legs and a tail, and, fortunately, they love me back 4) I am currently unemployed and working to get a certification in Medical Admin Assistant to find a grown-up career 5) I really enjoy helping people 6) I was a farmer 7) I no longer care if I write War & Peace, I happy to write on my two blogs and see what comes I chose my bloggers for different reasons. Some are inspiring for the quality and quantity they write. It can be difficult to post several times a week and still be interesting and relevant. These bloggers do that. Some I picked for what they write. Opening a vein and spilling your life’s blood for the world to see is hard, and it is inspiring how unflinchingly these bloggers do that.Q: Loading images in array Java Which is the best way to store images in an array? I'm using ImageIO and I now wish to store them in an array. A: PixelGrabber is what you want. Image img = null; try { img = ImageIO.read(new File("img.png")); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } int w = img.getWidth(null); int h = img.getHeight(null); int[] pixels = new int[w * h]; PixelGrabber pg = new PixelGrabber(img, 0, 0, w, h, pixels, 0, w); try { pg.grabPixels(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("interrupted waiting for pixels!"); return; } if ((pg.getStatus() & ImageObserver.ABORT) != 0) { System.err.println("image fetch aborted or errored"); return; } for (int i = 0; i < pixels.length; i++) System.out.println(pixels[i]); A: If you read the whole images in memory, you can
[ 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 43500, 187, 187, 4118, 608, 15, 19, 15, 18, 15, 18147, 20727, 26713, 323, 34567, 1197, 12151, 12551, 27996, 1712, 1704, 22, 5256, 19, 5256, 18, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 187, 34, 5547, 2898, 273, 3676, 4715, 1561, 253, 5028, 273, 5016, 10554, 3249, 432, 247, 3425, 14, 3169, 2746, 4081, 281, 22318, 271, 5368, 8092, 7431, 407, 22455, 1162, 355, 15, 1254, 35, 1671, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 13771, 685, 970, 247, 1345, 5028, 10895, 13, 253, 4477, 6635, 247, 4942, 1355, 1180, 273, 11640, 313, 22, 6806, 884, 63, 21, 13146, 273, 271, 5368, 9282, 8092, 407, 16984, 9197, 281, 253, 388, 20, 4811, 273, 253, 3437, 51, 285, 9273, 253, 11640, 323, 4865, 1411, 247, 2303, 11611, 15, 380, 388, 20, 6430, 13, 13130, 347, 4865, 390, 1327, 14, 13018, 13, 497, 908, 347, 3280, 281, 1048, 14, 3945, 14, 14458, 14, 3945, 18902, 11454, 6928, 285, 27311, 267, 11454, 6928, 534, 497, 10166, 281, 3283, 253, 4865, 5203, 273, 253, 6430, 15, 6572, 967, 6928, 497, 840, 908, 281, 5806, 247, 43245, 4561, 873, 273, 818, 15, 19, 6806, 884, 63, 24, 63, 7431, 6430, 281, 495, 15, 18, 6806, 884, 63, 23, 63, 8131, 8980, 398, 15, 25632, 5175, 2692, 326, 1884, 562, 273, 1884, 12421, 4236, 8131, 4865, 6430, 3033, 5742, 281, 253, 2303, 11611, 13, 342, 581, 273, 253, 10488, 30259, 247, 1264, 14, 8089, 2572, 275, 15430, 15, 187, 187, 510, 8453, 273, 436, 1332, 310, 16318, 407, 253, 20407, 1783, 342, 247, 2605, 14, 3169, 2746, 15, 380, 4477, 7568, 326, 253, 1180, 273, 747, 4865, 3425, 13991, 4561, 407, 253, 8350, 14053, 3694, 310, 7367, 273, 9777, 4577, 685, 253, 4588, 3264, 4865, 3425, 2317, 285, 326, 253, 1959, 2341, 13418, 273, 253, 41329, 5289, 812, 417, 320, 908, 347, 247, 9630, 30410, 273, 4865, 2425, 15, 187, 187, 6175, 2605, 14, 3169, 3082, 452, 253, 2442, 281, 1957, 38539, 3386, 323, 247, 1677, 3280, 13, 3425, 14, 3169, 3082, 5649, 432, 625, 941, 11659, 1955, 281, 3715, 5661, 3082, 824, 347, 1735, 14, 14520, 12184, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 608, 15, 19, 15, 19, 15, 31790, 14, 29146, 1712, 1704, 22, 5256, 19, 5256, 19, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 187, 8195, 3425, 13757, 5933, 13, 31790, 14, 29146, 13, 4648, 271, 19862, 273, 11454, 6928, 285, 11786, 49104, 281, 22318, 271, 388, 20, 8357, 3425, 1254, 35, 1812, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 25487, 13, 24472, 1162, 355, 15, 1304, 3733, 271, 19862, 273, 2800, 11454, 6928, 313, 12071, 27311, 267, 10, 970, 5661, 35966, 3148, 941, 4561, 432, 3199, 920, 4679, 15, 367, 7526, 4679, 16851, 19133, 275, 4865, 15430, 407, 2256, 272, 247, 873, 273, 388, 20, 6430, 3033, 281, 815, 1131, 281, 247, 4865, 7324, 835, 1327, 14, 13245, 398, 403, 11974, 1977, 285, 8980, 398, 403, 4934, 323, 6774, 16334, 1254, 35, 1787, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 12090, 1027, 3210, 342, 11962, 35615, 497, 10166, 970, 2057, 247, 2097, 30044, 2228, 2957, 323, 9077, 273, 19133, 13, 390, 247, 8985, 2831, 15579, 323, 9162, 273, 388, 20, 3437, 24274, 326, 497, 47516, 18839, 275, 16334, 273, 3199, 920, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 13532, 253, 19862, 273, 11454, 6928, 13, 253, 4477, 897, 11786, 49104, 281, 22318, 3280, 8357, 6430, 15, 42748, 281, 11786, 18499, 13, 534, 310, 3839, 908, 281, 10007, 11454, 2990, 13461, 594, 347, 281, 15338, 247, 2957, 1159, 824, 347, 9162, 2228, 13, 11786, 49104, 310, 908, 275, 436, 1083, 281, 10007, 253, 3280, 3425, 594, 347, 281, 22950, 253, 3453, 15, 380, 4477, 1804, 326, 253, 897, 273, 271, 19862, 273, 2067, 11454, 6928, 4483, 323, 13757, 281, 1379, 6537, 11865, 407, 39793, 342, 1675, 281, 1027, 2990, 18012, 15, 187, 187, 11888, 436, 13757, 7241, 13, 253, 4477, 497, 2104, 281, 6635, 6430, 342, 3687, 19133, 685, 1097, 8357, 6430, 285, 6430, 1561, 253, 3733, 10895, 15, 831, 1534, 906, 5936, 326, 253, 11454, 2990, 3210, 497, 2104, 281, 26480, 25839, 4457, 3280, 3733, 941, 13, 6830, 407, 4715, 1029, 1268, 14237, 273, 752, 14802, 18839, 4865, 15, 187, 187, 28144, 13, 253, 4477, 7568, 8936, 3045, 970, 247, 11786, 49104, 1332, 2429, 281, 625, 1846, 1006, 800, 3210, 824, 347, 39762, 6753, 14, 2083, 351, 398, 285, 6380, 11333, 15, 1723, 13, 352, 310, 12744, 1880, 390, 417, 253, 3064, 875, 841, 3082, 310, 26585, 281, 253, 3740, 273, 13757, 13, 390, 281, 253, 3064, 275, 253, 10336, 273, 253, 2990, 313, 70, 15, 72, 904, 1180, 273, 8090, 390, 3828, 9552, 481, 187, 187, 33397, 281, 253, 1332, 3715, 407, 22455, 1162, 355, 15, 1254, 35, 1671, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 5413, 436, 1332, 4336, 4493, 27156, 253, 878, 323, 8350, 941, 534, 310, 3012, 625, 2834, 281, 16270, 15, 1723, 13, 352, 310, 4122, 11543, 326, 841, 3082, 39970, 973, 2439, 2303, 22240, 15, 496, 1016, 1332, 253, 2990, 310, 4944, 281, 941, 2792, 6012, 432, 247, 2014, 2303, 11611, 285, 3103, 9433, 436, 1332, 281, 247, 1027, 2303, 651, 2430, 9470, 9685, 14, 13068, 5175, 281, 6635, 253, 3733, 941, 285, 1275, 262, 253, 1566, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 608, 15, 19, 15, 20, 15, 18147, 14418, 1712, 1704, 22, 5256, 19, 5256, 20, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 187, 30763, 14418, 310, 247, 2605, 14, 3169, 1332, 534, 13698, 281, 30215, 2601, 12872, 275, 616, 17463, 264, 34241, 1375, 347, 2057, 2032, 390, 3221, 8980, 398, 1254, 35, 1839, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 380, 3280, 281, 253, 2990, 310, 247, 46092, 9860, 8818, 432, 247, 4229, 14, 3281, 3817, 4845, 1475, 253, 5673, 15, 1916, 6016, 9381, 28931, 13, 253, 4477, 8495, 253, 4972, 875, 253, 5289, 4055, 273, 2280, 281, 581, 273, 253, 1264, 13249, 24039, 15, 380, 2990, 3139, 310, 9924, 273, 1740, 27311, 267, 8090, 3560, 407, 14604, 21539, 285, 9004, 1245, 4872, 5085, 15, 1916, 4979, 253, 46092, 2317, 715, 247, 581, 14, 6967, 4972, 285, 9674, 715, 247, 10554, 273, 4865, 13, 4156, 3388, 45900, 310, 3732, 281, 253, 46092, 2317, 3560, 407, 767, 4751, 4802, 8090, 15, 187, 187, 4527, 3877, 1060, 310, 253, 5978, 273, 4016, 941, 908, 281, 6194, 253, 2990, 15, 32725, 6667, 275, 436, 1083, 3730, 281, 667, 5289, 534, 403, 417, 2032, 8980, 398, 15, 6915, 4016, 6667, 310, 247, 12232, 3213, 275, 9162, 13, 347, 253, 2990, 1364, 320, 7329, 281, 690, 830, 273, 4016, 3280, 323, 5547, 3733, 15, 1916, 6635, 841, 4016, 6667, 13, 253, 4477, 897, 247, 3809, 14, 39, 15421, 4979, 313, 3269, 53, 4587, 3169, 36267, 5933, 13, 1503, 37, 9466, 13, 281, 3609, 13583, 36267, 5482, 432, 253, 873, 273, 19958, 10138, 569, 1254, 35, 1012, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 187, 187, 35012, 318, 273, 253, 2601, 5673, 347, 247, 46092, 9860, 310, 271, 27350, 2568, 20276, 5700, 15, 35346, 13, 253, 3280, 1979, 273, 253, 2990, 45798, 253, 46092, 2317, 281, 247, 2014, 1979, 15, 380, 4477, 11399, 436, 407, 14155, 253, 1979, 273, 253, 19069, 4817, 715, 253, 2990, 281, 1110, 1355, 2217, 281, 4944, 715, 253, 11542, 9860, 2317, 15, 32216, 13, 247, 22090, 28931, 1895, 15877, 1955, 281, 253, 5928, 273, 247, 1846, 7844, 2439, 512, 19069, 15, 15397, 46092, 3082, 908, 323, 495, 37, 5113, 476, 3798, 1379, 5750, 273, 271, 10466, 12926, 4972, 281, 13469, 28931, 2439, 271, 7844, 15, 10535, 1981, 28931, 875, 253, 5780, 24039, 476, 320, 2218, 970, 247, 12421, 27272, 2715, 273, 253, 3280, 390, 407, 16994, 22090, 45900, 715, 253, 2990, 10336, 15, 1723, 13, 841, 3082, 403, 45783, 323, 625, 685, 767, 10103, 347, 253, 1180, 273, 1896, 39501, 3058, 17202, 28596, 15, 9937, 841, 7364, 13, 18147, 14418, 33526, 6879, 6, 9162, 7200, 327, 22791, 15302, 13, 17227, 17036, 275, 436, 9162, 4836, 187, 187, 25420, 281, 253, 3910, 3786, 5393, 875, 8092, 14, 386, 3855, 19069, 285, 2087, 20250, 2513, 13, 352, 310, 417, 2590, 326, 253, 1566, 1060, 3559, 651, 320, 7032, 273, 17816, 3221, 2762, 9162, 15, 831, 1895, 778, 1918, 6054, 281, 562, 14, 1171, 14, 35360, 6332, 13, 534, 12893, 672, 253, 6944, 3733, 10895, 310, 417, 8612, 273, 697, 1524, 14, 10186, 897, 1083, 15, 1723, 13, 3707, 323, 253, 41113, 46092, 2317, 1979, 13, 253, 1566, 10336, 285, 3280, 2605, 3559, 1561, 18147, 14418, 310, 8489, 639, 79, 6932, 281, 253, 1511, 273, 5673, 6760, 15, 733, 943, 320, 4879, 13, 2299, 13, 326, 253, 1566, 434, 22095, 327, 8820, 11461, 273, 253, 5673, 2170, 943, 417, 35007, 697, 30437, 4404, 8092, 283, 386, 3855, 19069, 13, 534, 7081, 1327, 14, 3431, 20631, 494, 3910, 275, 5281, 13503, 15752, 1254, 35, 23, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 187, 187, 4118, 608, 15, 19, 15, 21, 15, 7057, 52, 3801, 14, 13422, 1712, 1704, 22, 5256, 19, 5256, 21, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 187, 510, 7057, 52, 3801, 2746, 3249, 562, 273, 253, 5675, 1673, 273, 17856, 3676, 4715, 15, 28396, 432, 247, 17489, 6779, 273, 247, 2601, 2553, 13, 247, 12097, 310, 3562, 407, 17221, 247, 1127, 327, 253, 17489, 285, 512, 20667, 2553, 2792, 1561, 247, 2931, 35917, 4181, 1254, 35, 1867, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 5815, 273, 253, 2553, 2792, 310, 28267, 342, 17856, 285, 5793, 3386, 534, 6266, 7759, 273, 16841, 13, 7036, 580, 414, 13, 28039, 2442, 13, 17957, 706, 5755, 285, 9946, 5533, 2442, 15, 380, 12097, 310, 1066, 14, 22163, 6216, 715, 247, 9860, 273, 5096, 27925, 313, 22, 14599, 6806, 1668, 12336, 481, 5815, 10269, 4428, 253, 7605, 1599, 273, 253, 4735, 12474, 273, 253, 2792, 534, 403, 7922, 281, 253, 3969, 10269, 15, 380, 5096, 27925, 13, 32891, 407, 6994, 285, 12336, 11627, 13, 403, 4817, 347, 3280, 715, 247, 873, 273, 35917, 27311, 267, 15116, 281, 6635, 247, 581, 14, 6967, 30047, 273, 253, 2601, 2553, 15, 22343, 1050, 2781, 14, 10730, 272, 310, 908, 281, 11399, 12336, 28931, 15, 380, 581, 14, 6967, 30047, 310, 840, 22407, 407, 247, 4751, 4802, 3828, 15, 380, 5780, 10336, 310, 12258, 347, 2898, 14, 6160, 13, 534, 30599, 253, 3745, 281, 897, 253, 337, 37, 42785, 347, 3280, 715, 271, 2898, 2173, 1566, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 6194, 271, 2898, 2173, 1566, 323, 5016, 10554, 13, 247, 7321, 2715, 273, 253, 39716, 2957, 1159, 310, 908, 13, 534, 46926, 253, 29850, 4181, 875, 253, 337, 37, 42785, 273, 271, 18536, 313, 66, 4865, 2601, 12097, 10, 285, 247, 2762, 313, 66, 48301, 12097, 281, 253, 18536, 582, 285, 11903, 4219, 253, 4181, 875, 253, 18536, 285, 247, 4016, 313, 66, 12421, 6777, 13, 1327, 14, 681, 3018, 552, 2553, 12097, 281, 253, 18536, 481, 380, 4477, 43413, 767, 2553, 20412, 432, 767, 4858, 4324, 281, 320, 2762, 8557, 604, 253, 12097, 12127, 403, 1561, 247, 1355, 4181, 432, 581, 1529, 387, 253, 2601, 283, 20529, 5673, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 2557, 253, 1566, 434, 3045, 13, 253, 4477, 30215, 18745, 4632, 15, 1327, 14, 47787, 8557, 285, 1304, 271, 2170, 762, 253, 6970, 273, 253, 11452, 6498, 8847, 313, 51, 3231, 30728, 10, 273, 470, 15, 1525, 672, 970, 17856, 285, 5793, 3386, 15, 380, 4477, 2007, 7472, 253, 1566, 434, 3045, 327, 1027, 20077, 273, 253, 941, 407, 6153, 20077, 273, 1698, 13, 1029, 285, 1077, 1029, 5673, 13503, 15752, 15, 733, 310, 4722, 281, 3877, 326, 13, 347, 3264, 13, 253, 9162, 3045, 273, 253, 1566, 15323, 281, 470, 15, 3593, 39526, 30728, 970, 1097, 17856, 285, 5793, 4735, 5239, 327, 253, 1698, 5281, 19767, 8578, 285, 2007, 281, 470, 15, 3655, 285, 470, 15, 1976, 672, 970, 760, 253, 17856, 285, 5793, 3386, 327, 436, 8578, 13, 2975, 15, 187, 187, 16490, 52, 3801, 3186, 310, 10166, 327, 247, 5878, 273, 8092, 283, 386, 3855, 285, 2601, 283, 20529, 19069, 342, 642, 13812, 875, 253, 767, 15, 1284, 5393, 3786, 13, 8092, 283, 386, 3855, 6355, 10738, 247, 2074, 5281, 13503, 15752, 281, 326, 273, 643, 2601, 283, 20529, 19069, 1254, 35, 23, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656 ]	-09-00012} ----------------------------------------------- ### 5.2.1. Deep Learning Used for Antibody Lead Optimization {#sec5dot2dot1-antibodies-09-00012} A successful application of deep learning within the domain of interaction prediction comes from a sequence-based approach proposed to optimize an existing antibody candidate by Mason et al. \[[@B35-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Rather than using a public domain dataset, the authors generate a relatively small number of variants (5 × 10^4^) of an existing therapeutic antibody by introducing mutations to the H3 regions of the CDR and screening the variants for binding against a target antigen. The H3 sequences, labeled as binding or non-binding, were used as input to long-term-short-term recurrent neural networks and convolutional neural networks which were trained to predict the binding label of the sequences. Trained networks were then used to filter a computationally generated set of 7.2 × 10^7^ candidate sequences to 3.1 × 10^6^ predicted binders. Experimental testing showed that 30 out of 30 randomly selected predicted binding sequences bound specifically to the target antigen, with one of the thirty exhibiting a three-fold increase in affinity. The significance of this method is highlighted by the comparative analysis with a structure-based approach. The authors demonstrate that the number of new binding sequence suggestions generated by the structural modeling software is orders of magnitude smaller than the actual expected binding sequence space and that the free energy estimation of the modelled structures could not be used as a reliable classifier of binding activity. While structure-based methods have the potential to represent richer features for a given input, sequence-based methods benefit from more data availability due to developed experimental methods such as next-generation sequencing. ### 5.2.2. Ens-Grad {#sec5dot2dot2-antibodies-09-00012} Another sequence optimization algorithm, Ens-Grad, uses an ensemble of neural networks and gradient ascent to optimize an H3 seed sequence \[[@B36-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Briefly, Liu et al. report training an ensemble of six neural networks (five convolutional) using experimental phage display data generated from panning experiments. Panning experiments approximate enrichment in binding affinity by subjecting a set of H3 sequences bound to phages to a binding competition where non-binders are washed away and binders are kept for subsequent rounds \[[@B37-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Several different models with varying architectures were trained using either a means squared error loss for regression of enrichment, or a binary cross entropy for classification of H3 CDRs that were successively enriched in rounds of panning. After fitting the ensemble of neural networks, the authors use gradient ascent to optimize input seed sequences. Contrary to gradient descent, which is generally used to modify neural network weights so as to minimize a loss function such as classification error, gradient ascent is used in this case to modify the input sequence so as to maximize the output. The authors suggest that the use of an ensemble of several neural networks allows for optimization to take controlled paths by optimizing with respect to different network outputs. Using this optimization protocol, the authors were able to generate sequences with greater enrichment than both seed sequences and sequences within the training dataset. This significant result suggests that the neural network models were able to extrapolate beyond input training data, possibly by learning high level representations of what determines enriched binding. Additionally, the authors demonstrate superior performance using a gradient ascent method compared to more common generative models such as variational auto-encoders and genetic algorithms. However, it is unclear whether or not the difference between these methods is attributable to the style of optimization, or to the difference in the architecture of the network (e.g., number of layers or layer sizes). Similar to the method developed by Mason et al. \[[@B35-antibodies-09-00012]\], this method completely circumvents the need for structural data which is significantly more difficult to acquire. However, it is highly unlikely that these methods generalize well across target antigens. In each method the network is fit to data points derived from a single target antigen and therefore applying this method to a different target would require extensive wet-lab testing to generate the training data and refit the model. ### 5.2.3. DeepInterface {#sec5dot2dot3-antibodies-09-00012} DeepInterface is a structure-based method which aims to classify protein complexes in their docked conformational state as either true or false binders \[[@B38-antibodies-09-00012]\]. The input to the network is a voxel grid constructed from a fixed-size box placed around the interface. To handle rotation ambiguity, the authors align the vector between the structures center of mass to one of the three coordinate axes. The network itself is composed of four convolutional layers followed by batch normalization and rectified linear units. To transform the voxel space into a one-dimensional vector and subsequently into a prediction of binding, global average pooling is applied to the voxel space followed by two fully connected layers. Of note here is the generation of negative data used to train the network. Negative examples in this case refer to any structures which are not true binders. Using negative examples is a vital step in classification, as the network must be exposed to some form of negative input for successful training. To generate these negative examples, the authors use a fast-Fourier transform (FFT)-based docking algorithm, ZDOCK, to select incorrect docking solutions from the set of sampled conformations \[[@B13-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Representation of the protein interface as a voxel grid is an intuitive yet problematic strategy. Firstly, the input size of the network restricts the voxel space to a single size. The authors overcome this by limiting the size of the interfaces passed into the network to those small enough to fit into the bounded grid space. Secondly, a rotational ambiguity problem arises due to the absence of a common axis across all interfaces. Similar voxel methods used for 3D objects can usually take advantage of an implied gravity vector to eliminate ambiguity across an axis. Handling ambiguity between the remaining axes can be done using a randomly rotated version of the input or by implementing rotational pooling into the network architecture. However, these methods are impractical for more than two dimensions as the number of possible rotations needed grows exponentially. Despite these limitations, DeepInterface achieves 75% classification accuracy on benchmark datasets, demonstrating viability in this classification task Due to the differences previously mentioned between antibody-antigen interfaces and general PPIs, it is not clear that the model here presented would be capable of avoiding false positive classification. This problem may give rise to out-of-distribution errors, which arise when the underlying training dataset is not representative of its real-world use case. However, except for the bounding voxel space size, the model architecture and input structure presented within DeepInterface is somewhat agnostic to the type of interface evaluated. It should be noted, however, that the model's reliance on spatial arrangement of the interface area should not hinder its applicability towards antibody--antigen interfaces, which possess non-discernable differences in shape complementarity \[[@B6-antibodies-09-00012]\]. ### 5.2.4. MaSIF-Search {#sec5dot2dot4-antibodies-09-00012} The MaSIF approach comes out of the growing field of geometric deep learning. Starting from a mesh representation of a protein surface, a patch is created by selecting a point on the mesh and all neighboring surface points within a defined geodesic distance \[[@B39-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Each of the surface points is annotated with geometric and chemical features which describe degrees of curvature, concavity, electrostatic potential, hydrophobicity and hydrogen bond potential. The patch is down-sampled into a grid of 80 bins (5 radial × 16 angular). Each bin contains the statistical mean of the feature attributes of the points which are assigned to the corresponding bin. The 80 bins, indexed by polar and angular coordinates, are passed as input into a set of geodesic convolutional filters to generate a one-dimensional descriptor of the protein surface. Rotational max-pooling is used to overcome angular ambiguity. The one-dimensional descriptor is then refined by a fully connected layer. The remaining architecture is regarded as application-specific, which expresses the ability to use the 1D descriptors as input into an application specific model. To train an application specific model for interaction prediction, a modified version of the triplet loss function is used, which minimizes the Euclidean distance between the 1D descriptors of an anchor (a binding protein patch) and a positive (a complimentary patch to the anchor), and maximizes the distance between the anchor and a negative (a randomly chosen, non-complementary surface patch to the anchor). The authors deem two surface patches from two separate proteins to be positive pairs if the patch centers are within a small distance from one another at the protein--protein interface. To measure the model's performance, the authors classify interacting vs. non-interacting pairs and report an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC AUC) of 0.99 when using geometric and chemical features. The authors further evaluate the model's performance on different subsets of the data by creating subsets of low, high and very high interface complementarity. It is interesting to note that, as expected, the classification performance of the model drops to 0.81 ROC AUC using both geometric and chemical feature sets on the low shape complementary subset and further to 0.73 and 0.75 when using only the geometric and chemical features on this subset, respectively. MaSIF search is trained on a mix of antibody--antigen and protein--protein interfaces with no distinction between the two. As mentioned previously, antibody--antigen interactions exhibit a similar shape complementarity to that of other protein--protein interfaces \[[@B6-antibodies-09-00012]\].
[ 452, 309, 1239, 247, 1984, 283, 43574, 314, 417, 275, 30543, 12792, 390, 4369, 7805, 283, 601, 41023, 285, 594, 12482, 13, 594, 28055, 11132, 285, 594, 1966, 18260, 6793, 449, 1969, 22817, 9109, 273, 13219, 80, 42567, 16531, 29624, 187, 187, 8836, 540, 41597, 871, 326, 359, 4288, 253, 407, 1576, 273, 1495, 26277, 15, 3196, 15, 30416, 358, 1686, 254, 3936, 436, 1846, 3282, 8668, 285, 949, 39470, 7846, 1137, 8368, 29698, 352, 715, 247, 3469, 494, 29609, 323, 3811, 15, 3032, 372, 14, 2577, 296, 1877, 285, 1966, 1320, 273, 253, 38037, 8062, 273, 40378, 6242, 6548, 253, 9414, 281, 253, 1711, 519, 486, 326, 359, 403, 512, 275, 253, 1072, 9735, 285, 13, 2007, 13, 326, 352, 310, 28561, 30048, 281, 1339, 9361, 320, 627, 15, 187, 187, 21419, 1382, 3130, 2971, 13, 23011, 9966, 13, 380, 45594, 2711, 6516, 273, 5003, 14912, 187, 187, 7130, 281, 1781, 4311, 2175, 327, 9282, 6973, 13, 4369, 44469, 1346, 8, 3745, 281, 2096, 616, 8548, 556, 644, 2783, 253, 1273, 954, 1774, 13255, 2803, 275, 512, 17484, 15, 380, 2488, 273, 436, 41023, 4644, 14993, 281, 3157, 776, 4685, 273, 253, 24878, 9282, 2442, 326, 253, 1966, 5350, 323, 32496, 6556, 13, 285, 281, 3157, 776, 897, 273, 352, 275, 9282, 3946, 15, 187, 187, 29449, 432, 253, 789, 273, 1270, 45086, 275, 11727, 13, 6239, 13, 31525, 13, 20162, 13, 285, 2675, 23496, 13, 285, 3332, 32912, 275, 6551, 21559, 13, 253, 2488, 3400, 247, 29254, 273, 5899, 12342, 273, 32496, 285, 10513, 247, 747, 13, 625, 44380, 5426, 15, 187, 187, 7673, 5742, 13, 253, 2488, 47566, 253, 5044, 5319, 273, 1655, 2060, 2531, 1827, 5970, 326, 403, 27715, 1561, 5899, 12342, 273, 32496, 285, 16633, 327, 253, 4473, 326, 802, 3967, 280, 12600, 875, 1966, 14965, 1057, 417, 816, 1379, 1659, 275, 253, 32884, 1962, 533, 310, 271, 36080, 1232, 15, 380, 1984, 671, 19401, 8249, 16958, 432, 253, 1673, 273, 1061, 1825, 3155, 1497, 824, 347, 4014, 26300, 285, 502, 1094, 87, 899, 593, 13, 534, 476, 320, 1869, 273, 347, 2714, 2219, 273, 32496, 15, 380, 2442, 323, 2176, 3510, 273, 23986, 281, 2572, 776, 802, 3967, 280, 15277, 310, 671, 14859, 15, 187, 187, 4814, 29621, 27, 187, 187, 3351, 856, 1634, 776, 4685, 273, 253, 2442, 323, 32496, 281, 10260, 7278, 9282, 3946, 187, 187, 14410, 84, 432, 11727, 13, 6239, 13, 31525, 13, 20162, 13, 2675, 23496, 13, 285, 6551, 21559, 281, 2794, 247, 747, 5426, 273, 32496, 187, 187, 33611, 4624, 5899, 12342, 273, 32496, 285, 16681, 616, 20544, 285, 32213, 22395, 38, 2775, 378, 24512, 659, 40593, 285, 40070, 11502, 52, 403, 1060, 2, 187, 187, 30430, 16, 2374, 14, 13641, 395, 40394, 27, 1281, 434, 36909, 733, 1198, 1227, 51, 16, 2, 187, 187, 6723, 368, 15586, 342, 1227, 83, 22549, 3166, 368, 971, 247, 18872, 2746, 281, 16733, 4513, 436, 2834, 3590, 32, 21726, 604, 368, 403, 6110, 275, 271, 3909, 22586, 323, 634, 2567, 16, 19221, 4145, 861, 14, 484, 323, 253, 327, 14, 36478, 9759, 2, 187, 187, 510, 3406, 43577, 187, 187, 1552, 3239, 556, 644, 4395, 281, 2060, 7223, 323, 6927, 6003, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 588, 1089, 512, 273, 731, 347, 5926, 1066, 7223, 762, 34294, 20898, 323, 14532, 3724, 15, 187, 187, 7845, 4579, 604, 368, 1089, 667, 5816, 4859, 27, 187, 187, 1473, 939, 33, 31166, 621, 48460, 15, 681, 187, 187, 20968, 8339, 187, 187, 7845, 1928, 1959, 281, 897, 285, 3894, 436, 1491, 342, 634, 11651, 285, 12440, 275, 253, 1673, 15, 6101, 897, 273, 253, 4753, 323, 634, 3946, 943, 2486, 3806, 281, 436, 2670, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 6510, 15, 7764, 513, 417, 12119, 667, 273, 436, 1491, 390, 7177, 281, 634, 3367, 390, 1345, 4422, 1293, 2720, 3542, 9612, 15, 7820, 13, 368, 476, 1501, 247, 3048, 432, 634, 4422, 281, 436, 4422, 281, 2289, 253, 7177, 15, 187, 187, 47258, 4211, 327, 43048, 12286, 43048, 403, 417, 3894, 494, 285, 403, 6885, 407, 9451, 15, 7764, 1928, 1959, 281, 1480, 634, 11651, 281, 619, 4657, 281, 7471, 616, 1211, 10125, 15, 322, 3485, 247, 1643, 4957, 275, 619, 4657, 7729, 281, 8409, 253, 2105, 273, 11850, 436, 2670, 285, 4483, 479, 281, 3959, 1959, 5300, 281, 14532, 3724, 15, 11239, 368, 2, 48640, 327, 9282, 2538, 273, 9373, 302, 6361, 6728, 18061, 407, 479, 3757, 1999, 12549, 6979, 275, 1363, 342, 20280, 14300, 15, 187, 3980, 394, 302, 6361, 6728, 18061, 313, 3271, 53, 10, 556, 2489, 253, 9282, 4500, 273, 4327, 323, 990, 14, 13311, 6728, 2728, 15, 380, 4388, 273, 436, 1263, 369, 281, 7409, 253, 2544, 273, 6821, 23876, 15448, 13, 2625, 14, 936, 14, 24946, 4313, 313, 52, 10189, 582, 4499, 14, 936, 14, 24946, 4313, 313, 36, 10189, 582, 5165, 12393, 10235, 313, 38348, 10, 2193, 285, 8338, 616, 1318, 275, 16344, 253, 9282, 2538, 273, 9373, 302, 6361, 6728, 18061, 313, 3271, 53, 10, 327, 20280, 14300, 387, 337, 15, 22, 27876, 14478, 15, 19388, 1363, 342, 20280, 14300, 17362, 473, 20072, 497, 2908, 275, 436, 1263, 15, 44347, 14478, 285, 12393, 14, 24676, 2460, 313, 14279, 42, 10, 313, 67, 1318, 426, 12891, 256, 16, 2188, 9, 19, 1228, 6430, 497, 3732, 327, 1016, 3110, 1078, 285, 846, 473, 20072, 13, 285, 841, 1363, 497, 6289, 281, 347, 253, 26308, 285, 16002, 2390, 15, 19388, 5875, 4292, 497, 4236, 347, 253, 2622, 1387, 15, 2732, 2460, 11931, 13, 253, 6821, 23876, 4871, 313, 56, 582, 9544, 313, 53, 582, 2978, 313, 45, 582, 253, 9080, 273, 253, 20280, 17716, 313, 5414, 10, 285, 6821, 23876, 17716, 313, 3871, 10, 497, 4080, 285, 253, 6821, 23876, 4644, 313, 55, 10, 369, 5118, 15, 380, 36120, 285, 330, 10189, 497, 4080, 327, 308, 19, 56, 42, 15, 380, 34026, 8115, 497, 5118, 970, 253, 270, 10487, 275, 20091, 2513, 285, 253, 34026, 2193, 497, 4080, 15, 20901, 342, 253, 26308, 1387, 13, 253, 6821, 23876, 657, 13, 6442, 285, 7388, 6137, 3012, 275, 253, 16002, 1387, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 481, 1876, 6821, 23876, 21418, 2193, 497, 3012, 1027, 875, 26308, 285, 2622, 2390, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 481, 380, 6821, 23876, 418, 285, 657, 497, 3012, 1027, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 10, 875, 16002, 285, 2622, 2390, 15, 380, 36120, 285, 330, 10189, 2193, 497, 1722, 15, 2526, 3279, 577, 15, 3763, 285, 2145, 15, 1093, 3279, 495, 15, 805, 13, 1903, 15, 1235, 3279, 337, 15, 1540, 285, 818, 15, 2031, 3279, 577, 15, 1237, 13, 577, 15, 1348, 3279, 337, 15, 1348, 285, 495, 15, 2941, 3279, 374, 15, 3156, 275, 253, 26308, 13, 16002, 285, 2622, 2390, 13, 2975, 15, 6295, 36120, 285, 330, 10189, 6137, 846, 473, 20072, 13, 533, 597, 369, 1335, 2169, 685, 253, 2622, 2193, 15, 380, 36120, 369, 3012, 1027, 875, 667, 767, 2390, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 481, 380, 330, 10189, 369, 3012, 1027, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 10, 875, 253, 26308, 285, 16002, 2390, 13, 26308, 285, 2622, 2390, 15, 380, 6821, 23876, 34026, 2193, 497, 313, 18, 15, 23688, 3279, 470, 15, 35340, 10, 6806, 884, 1490, 20, 10, 5823, 9, 19, 1933, 84, 13, 313, 18, 15, 8193, 3279, 470, 15, 15161, 10, 6806, 884, 1490, 20, 10, 5823, 9, 19, 1933, 84, 285, 313, 17, 15, 28315, 3279, 470, 15, 28943, 10, 6806, 884, 1490, 20, 10, 5823, 9, 19, 1933, 84, 275, 253, 26308, 13, 16002, 285, 2622, 2390, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 3064, 273, 34026, 2193, 497, 1534, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 10, 875, 253, 26308, 285, 16002, 2390, 13, 285, 253, 26308, 285, 2622, 2390, 15, 473, 20072, 310, 271, 3576, 1332, 273, 1971, 323, 20280, 14300, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 16821, 11052, 253, 6821, 23876, 657, 13, 352, 476, 671, 6379, 253, 6821, 23876, 36120, 13, 330, 10189, 285, 34026, 2193, 275, 1363, 342, 20280, 14300, 15, 380, 2544, 273, 6821, 23876, 36120, 13, 330, 10189, 285, 34026, 846, 473, 20072, 778, 320, 9371, 275, 5277, 1327, 26681, 24864, 1491, 275, 18005, 253, 9282, 1055, 273, 473, 20072, 327, 20280, 14300, 15, 46, 3205, 372, 42078, 15333, 4014, 71, 3876, 42888, 1753, 10028, 266, 14822, 3897, 209, 2246, 44654, 372, 826, 37568, 2960, 372, 1244, 83, 5069, 31903, 418, 1954, 29283, 473, 1288, 9325, 247, 826, 3327, 301, 14994, 372, 826, 2719, 26907, 66, 15761, 35871, 1304, 15333, 30670, 4474, 441, 86, 12416, 372, 4358, 30924, 2675, 265, 13, 2899, 20302, 1448, 30787, 80, 1448, 4613, 4611, 372, 826, 24901, 38680, 1473, 299, 2899, 20302, 372, 19345, 29378, 3667, 4330, 7860, 40322, 15, 187, 187, 53, 255, 8960, 1639, 2001, 1321, 31247, 16078, 13, 5245, 249, 324, 6464, 372, 826, 2986, 47341, 838, 301, 49016, 1448, 20730, 26869, 10334, 284, 1452, 21000, 13, 340, 12294, 37831, 8502, 26228, 47900, 4420, 13, 1957, 7961, 372, 3010, 2072, 22943, 1045, 19244, 14345, 40322, 11051, 7909, 13, 37266, 257, 711, 585, 406, 254, 258, 523, 274, 345, 20320, 19664, 1778, 900, 372, 7460, 9390, 340, 36188, 37581, 284, 46154, 22636, 7766, 372, 826, 49712, 992, 571, 546, 15563, 372, 418, 1954, 29283, 473, 1288, 9325, 13, 20056, 246, 40594, 8254, 80, 1753, 396, 492, 682, 372, 440, 769, 80, 711, 265, 468, 3377, 5586, 28080, 274, 1045, 1195, 328, 4786, 1448, 4613, 4611, 372, 402, 629, 7112, 15, 187, 187, 9323, 503, 3377, 4474, 16495, 30731, 20406, 14822, 12368, 711, 446, 466, 25070, 372, 42078, 15333, 247, 295, 35209, 48473, 13, 1045, 2949, 38, 3794, 22125, 273, 5660, 12704, 27, 773, 2369, 19273, 1501, 5650, 1448, 2949, 38, 278, 850, 6230, 642, 288, 12451, 37732, 36075, 14822, 1753, 6362, 1246, 2960, 6598, 187, 187, 30641, 309, 29997, 570, 473, 75, 15055, 13, 1608, 647, 66, 11957, 356, 293, 340, 33609, 336, 10876, 332, 66, 187, 187, 42524, 35813, 372, 36912, 46591, 13, 818, 372, 12468, 900, 313, 40194, 30731, 20406, 481, 1253, 914, 66, 2986, 47341, 247, 10115, 20092, 66, 15563, 1244, 83, 5069, 31903, 418, 1954, 29283, 473, 1288, 9325, 13, 4613, 4611, 838, 301, 49016, 372, 826, 10089, 32206, 773, 43, 2084, 375, 388, 609, 19530, 13314, 571, 7521, 26510, 298, 11670, 2960, 19764, 3300, 3230, 247, 11074, 5069, 372, 42078, 15333, 4014, 71, 3876, 42888, 38106, 10028, 266, 14822, 3897, 209, 2246, 44654, 372, 1753, 1045, 1957, 7961, 372, 826, 24901, 38680, 1473, 37568, 489, 247, 826, 3327, 301, 14994, 372, 36912, 46591, 15, 187, 187, 8677, 549, 4011, 1452, 372, 12368, 711, 446, 466, 25070, 372, 42078, 15333, 9425, 34627, 28588, 345, 1045, 2349, 25568, 287, 372, 418, 1954, 29283, 473, 1288, 9325, 345, 3897, 2899, 20302, 1448, 40764, 5309, 6691, 280, 4692, 372, 15186, 1118, 375, 313, 14546, 46, 582, 1963, 15119, 26926, 614, 1448, 37581, 1792, 3377, 479, 89, 280, 4692, 13, 345, 1045, 1753, 1045, 20730, 26869, 10334, 284, 1452, 21000, 11737, 5711, 440, 31310, 624, 36726, 391, 1950, 1033, 7112, 546, 4358, 32528, 47793, 3300, 24288, 340, 1753, 13, 355, 22865, 1209, 13, 298, 35784, 372, 402, 27135, 4501, 1448, 16172, 265, 7222, 3377, 13, 1579, 1954, 1578, 284, 347, 365, 14852, 284, 15, 187, 187, 3848, 913, 10207, 3088, 345, 28887, 8960, 1639, 2001, 1321, 31247, 16078, 13, 5245, 249, 324, 6464, 372, 826, 2986, 47341, 838, 301, 49016, 1448, 20730, 26869, 10334, 284, 1452, 21000, 13, 826, 2986, 47341, 8227, 571, 18219, 31310, 406, 2960, 247, 9500, 40954, 35860, 27, 773, 52, 7391, 274, 1666, 5650, 15563, 34653, 48, 5586, 2336, 4927, 19565, 257, 31801, 11158, 826, 540, 2083, 4501, 1448, 362, 4881, 13, 340, 2412, 23537, 1753, 826, 41171, 2836, 66, 27, 2802, 85, 351, 375, 3347, 45862, 265, 340, 642, 21554, 1484, 362, 4881, 16236, 20056, 826, 41171, 14076, 642, 3293, 260, 658, 6598, 187, 187, 7647, 270, 6836, 13, 6706, 343, 785, 13, 18219, 546, 826, 476, 13420, 1448, 19244, 14345, 40322, 11051, 7909, 313, 7570, 582, 1448, 1753, 35656, 266, 2340, 489, 247, 14753, 80, 15, 187, 187, 7647, 5245, 249, 324, 6464, 372, 2986, 47341, 1448, 10334, 284, 1452, 21000, 6583, 1954, 1753, 4358, 42078, 15333, 546, 15563, 1448, 4613, 4611, 372, 3010, 2072, 396, 15761, 761, 487, 7112, 546, 826, 32982, 35813, 372, 36912, 46591, 13, 714, 1028, 255, 9435, 13, 19660, 284, 1940 ]	have I read a book--surely not in psychoanalysis or psychotherapy--so scholarly and so accessible, so theoretically challenging and so humanistically rich." --International Journal of Psychoanalytic Self Psychology People intuitively know that we travel the byways of life jointly. Dr. Staemmler takes this common sense perspective and through professionally astute examination transforms it into a dependable guideline for living. His de-mystification and humanization of the elusive dynamics of communal existence returns the reader to the old adage that we are all in the same boat and, further, that it is emotionally imperative to let ourselves be there. Erving Polster, PhD Director, The Gestalt Institute of San Diego According to large scale studies on therapeutic outcomes, psychotherapists' ability to understand their clients has been considered the second most important healing factor in all therapies. The author of this scholarly volume seeks to improve our understanding of the immense therapeutic potential that the human capacity for empathy holds, and to improve our use of it in therapeutic practice. Drawing from the work of great thinkers in philosophy, literature, theology, psychology, and social sciences, and recent discoveries in neuroscience, the author provides a critique of traditional concepts of empathy and creates a new, more expansive definition. More specifically, the author exposes the basic characteristics of current individualistic ideologies that are concealed within traditional concepts of empathy and focuses on the concept that empathic relating between human beings does not just take place in the psyche but is an embodied process. The book also considers scientific phenomena from the field of parapsychology such as telepathy and clairvoyance, which can be thought of as special cases of empathy. The potential for certain types of meditation to increase our empathic abilities is also explored. Key Features: Improves our understanding of the potential for empathy to greatly enhance therapeutic practice Draws from philosophy, literature, theology, psychology, social sciences, and neuroscience to create a new definition of empathy Critiques traditional concepts of empathy and highlights their strengths and weaknessesSPEECH Bumper Stickers and MAGNETS are here! Online/On-Demand Workshop: Let's Hear It For /R/! Are you struggling with /r/? Do you want a structured approach to remediate this difficult sound? Email if you are interested in an online workshop for your company/school OR sign-up for the on-demand presentation! Therapy Documents This page has been moved to individual pages for easier organization. You will find all of them as drop down pages under Therapy Materials for SLPs. Please email if you find any missing links: [email protected] Copyright Information Please feel free to use and share this information with your colleagues and professionals in the field. Any use of the materials for your practice should include reference to this site as the location of origin. Please do not upload any of this information or documents to your personal or public website without prior written approval. Instead, you can post a link from your website to this website to access the documents. Products sold on Teachers Pay Teachers are not shareable and are protected by copyright. Please feel free to direct your colleagues to my store to purchase their own copies. Selling a few items in my store helps to offset the cost of maintaining this site and allows me to offer free resources to SLPs. Thank you!Evaluation on therapeutic effects of orthotopic liver transplantation by megnetic resonance imaging in patients with portal hypertension. Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has become the therapeutic option of choice for end-stage liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of splenic morphology, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and explore their value in evaluating the therapeutic effects of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) on portal hypertension at 1.5 Tesla MRI. Twenty patients with portal hypertension undergoing OLT were included in this study. Conventional MRI and diffusion-weighted image (DWI) (b value = 600 s/mm(2)) sequences were applied on each patient before and after OLT, and these patients were referred to as the preoperative and postoperative groups. Twenty healthy individuals were selected as the normal group. After image acquisition, the splenic width (W), thickness (T), length (L), the diameter of the portal vein (PD) and splenic vein (SD) were measured and the splenic volume (V) was calculated. The SNR and CNR were measured on T2WI. The ADC maps were calculated using the b600 in DWIs and the ADC values were measured. Compared with the preoperative group, the splenic V, PD and SD decreased significantly in the postoperative group (P < 0.05). All splenic morphological values were significantly different between preoperative and normal groups (P < 0.05). The splenic L and V were significantly different (P < 0.05) between postoperative and normal groups. The SNR and CNR values were 17.66 ± 4.62 and 13.18 ± 3.12, 11.50 ± 1.64 and 7.44 ± 4.32, 4.24 ± 1.24 and 3.03 ± 2.41 in the preoperative, postoperative and normal groups, respectively. Both SNR and CNR decreased after OLT, but they was still higher than the normal values. The SNR was significantly different between any two groups (P < 0.05). The CNR was significantly different (P < 0.05) between the preoperative and postoperative groups, preoperative and normal groups. The splenic ADC values were (1.339 ± 0.482) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, (1.120 ± 0.254) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s and (0.997 ± 0.447) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s in the preoperative, postoperative and normal groups, respectively. The difference of ADC values were significant (P < 0.05) between the preoperative and postoperative groups, and the preoperative and normal groups. OLT is an effective method of treatment for portal hypertension. In addition to dramatically decreasing the splenic V, it can also decrease the splenic SNR, CNR and ADC values in patients with portal hypertension. The changes of splenic SNR, CNR and ADC after OLT may be helpful in providing noninvasive supplementary information in assessing the therapeutic effect of OLT on portal hypertension.Miles de llamadas telefónicas que alertan sobre los riesgos de la llegada de Andrés Manuel López Obrador a la Presidencia de la República han sido reportadas tanto por usuarios de las redes sociales, integrantes del equipo del candidato de la izquierda e integrantes de Movimiento Regeneración Nacional. Tatiana Clouthier Carrillo, coordinadora de la campaña presidencial del político tabasqueño, y Horacio Duarte Olivares, representante de Morena ante el Instituto Nacional Electoral, dicen desconocer o contar con algún indicio de quién y qué empresas están detrás de la estrategia en contra de López Obrador, pero tienen claro que se trata de un acto desesperado para frenar el triunfo del candidato de su partido. Consultado por SinEmbargo sobre este despliegue de llamadas a nivel nacional, el INE respondió oficialmente: “no hay postura del INE mientras no haya resolución sobre queja presentada”. Por Ivonne Ojeda, Shaila Rosagel y Dulce Olvera Ciudad de México, 7 de junio (SinEmbargo).– Una campaña a gran escala contra Andrés Manuel López Obrador, candidato presidencial de la coalición “Juntos Haremos Historia”, fue lanzada esta semana a través de llamadas telefónicas donde alertan sobre los riesgos de que el representante de la izquierda llegue a la Presidencia de México. El arranque de este despliegue de llamadas masivas coincide con el encuentro de López Obrador con los integrantes del Consejo Mexicano de Negocios (CNM), organismo élite del empresariado mexicano, con el que el político tabasqueño tuvo un enfrentamiento ríspido en las últimas semanas y que, al parecer, luego de su reunión del martes pasado, limó esas asperezas. De acuerdo con Tatiana Clouthier Carrillo, coordinadora de la campaña presidencial del político tabasqueño, la campaña sucia está enfocada a dos objetivos: “Soltar basura contra AMLO para ver si pueden cambiar la intención del voto, y lograr que la gente diga: ‘todos son iguales y no voy u voto’, pero la gente ya no les cree”. La bola, afirma, está en la cancha del Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE), del que esperan investigue a fondo. La coordinadora de campaña del tabasqueño confirmó que las llamadas en contra del candidato de Morena se han recibido en la Ciudad de México, Yucatán, Tabasco
[ 9750, 1514, 31743, 337, 46, 87, 18, 27913, 313, 4185, 15, 24, 10970, 6295, 16417, 16381, 11467, 337, 13, 933, 13, 933, 2014, 18379, 28103, 313, 18243, 3724, 10, 285, 253, 14787, 875, 253, 20231, 5239, 310, 2761, 3962, 15, 187, 187, 510, 322, 4061, 3410, 1254, 35, 746, 1184, 3797, 8994, 19, 13, 933, 730, 42119, 5870, 15, 1723, 13, 776, 6260, 10522, 247, 17010, 8578, 273, 841, 941, 15, 3973, 13, 359, 2908, 760, 3530, 730, 42119, 327, 271, 39971, 337, 46, 3781, 28, 5870, 574, 281, 320, 686, 3362, 84, 8, 11253, 273, 271, 30195, 3101, 285, 3392, 13, 271, 5876, 1742, 395, 285, 271, 30195, 40239, 28, 285, 512, 2758, 273, 247, 9853, 574, 281, 452, 3426, 21238, 30119, 2222, 6, 12240, 2281, 481, 7214, 3530, 273, 5284, 38408, 497, 2908, 15, 5284, 38408, 323, 253, 322, 4061, 5870, 369, 3413, 970, 28540, 32953, 1254, 35, 1423, 2947, 35, 1508, 1184, 323, 512, 2130, 322, 4061, 1742, 2287, 15, 1916, 2589, 253, 38408, 1783, 359, 4236, 608, 13, 16198, 19208, 342, 387, 1878, 8688, 15, 26, 6, 5841, 323, 21238, 13, 574, 5884, 17153, 4294, 6908, 39, 8994, 17, 15, 1762, 13, 285, 497, 387, 1878, 470, 15, 22, 48681, 7419, 15, 40788, 497, 29102, 715, 7457, 38408, 2390, 1754, 327, 1740, 1534, 10103, 273, 38408, 15, 380, 4275, 2620, 9959, 13, 534, 2918, 247, 2264, 273, 337, 13, 28057, 5870, 13, 497, 3636, 347, 1146, 273, 5284, 18499, 15, 380, 38408, 7368, 1491, 5678, 342, 3426, 16381, 1491, 20714, 247, 2264, 273, 898, 2082, 322, 4061, 5870, 323, 253, 1783, 15, 187, 187, 510, 329, 12295, 23266, 337, 10895, 1254, 35, 1036, 2947, 35, 938, 1184, 17224, 337, 13, 33953, 5870, 13, 273, 534, 337, 13, 18962, 497, 3786, 3636, 281, 320, 273, 5284, 38408, 1254, 35, 938, 1656, 5284, 38408, 369, 5783, 407, 6260, 8931, 281, 1110, 3732, 281, 253, 322, 4061, 5870, 313, 2887, 14117, 1873, 544, 18, 1084, 52, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 6962, 14, 4990, 28479, 5317, 322, 18, 481, 187, 187, 30466, 7103, 187, 23796, 187, 187, 1845, 25002, 323, 253, 322, 4061, 285, 329, 12295, 27361, 497, 11245, 275, 247, 2074, 5133, 313, 1542, 10401, 7241, 323, 322, 4061, 13, 923, 1254, 35, 746, 29547, 323, 329, 12295, 13, 923, 1254, 35, 1036, 2947, 35, 938, 34494, 1876, 322, 4061, 4651, 497, 22546, 323, 5271, 1204, 46177, 50045, 407, 253, 13796, 5271, 1204, 34689, 5174, 38536, 1254, 35, 1348, 1184, 313, 1286, 14, 16223, 10, 285, 253, 8404, 4568, 532, 15683, 414, 14446, 428, 32967, 5489, 11099, 1254, 35, 1099, 1184, 313, 37650, 386, 1304, 481, 5076, 13, 2021, 2892, 7103, 10432, 806, 15770, 1273, 15770, 390, 2626, 14, 14577, 17772, 665, 1313, 10401, 6866, 323, 29895, 390, 12720, 12564, 15, 1198, 329, 12295, 5870, 7904, 15, 19, 6, 497, 1929, 281, 320, 25993, 13, 1529, 6480, 15, 19, 6, 497, 3636, 347, 44053, 327, 253, 3720, 273, 247, 2021, 2892, 7809, 642, 1929, 806, 14, 281, 2626, 14, 14577, 17772, 342, 29895, 13, 285, 253, 5780, 1458, 15, 23, 6, 497, 273, 7202, 3708, 15, 5838, 326, 954, 329, 12295, 4651, 497, 417, 24181, 6760, 323, 29895, 13, 12401, 1110, 432, 253, 322, 4061, 13, 285, 672, 329, 12295, 4651, 497, 24181, 6760, 13, 253, 1543, 497, 417, 908, 281, 3601, 562, 5876, 4292, 285, 3021, 25993, 5870, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 1223, 512, 2130, 322, 4061, 2021, 2758, 497, 730, 42119, 13, 760, 2885, 14, 856, 4152, 1195, 375, 497, 730, 42119, 323, 253, 329, 12295, 1014, 672, 3081, 26379, 497, 2130, 15, 187, 187, 10588, 5705, 187, 573, 187, 187, 35325, 6012, 432, 247, 16397, 3410, 13, 5742, 337, 13, 35216, 4292, 432, 4775, 25647, 1254, 35, 1731, 1656, 9175, 3530, 497, 671, 730, 42119, 327, 253, 39971, 496, 9750, 1514, 31743, 337, 46, 87, 20, 313, 563, 80, 10, 3781, 13, 751, 954, 273, 253, 329, 12295, 941, 13, 5277, 7126, 3294, 1430, 342, 253, 1083, 10895, 15, 5076, 13, 359, 31114, 326, 29895, 310, 10481, 7520, 313, 36344, 337, 6, 1254, 35, 1630, 1184, 10, 326, 22546, 285, 5061, 719, 2348, 5760, 651, 4917, 2074, 1543, 15, 187, 187, 9824, 272, 187, 9794, 187, 187, 1992, 1056, 617, 262, 1430, 8197, 10870, 13, 359, 18748, 512, 5870, 285, 1453, 5705, 1754, 327, 253, 1563, 6866, 27, 512, 497, 273, 5284, 18499, 347, 3413, 407, 24663, 14, 383, 18280, 38408, 313, 14087, 1873, 544, 18, 1084, 52, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 6962, 14, 4990, 28479, 5317, 322, 18, 558, 21238, 323, 512, 2021, 2758, 1313, 32881, 3290, 1453, 313, 37556, 10, 6866, 28, 285, 1453, 3530, 1313, 8931, 47230, 6866, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 1264, 941, 5239, 359, 806, 9703, 19208, 730, 42119, 327, 512, 13498, 15, 2635, 23851, 4915, 13, 22039, 13, 16944, 13, 285, 15679, 19208, 497, 5176, 15, 329, 2264, 273, 854, 1012, 13, 38049, 20231, 2439, 253, 3307, 1125, 11751, 285, 15406, 1594, 497, 2908, 323, 2007, 3290, 7103, 15, 2058, 253, 1268, 273, 4292, 13, 359, 2424, 326, 41234, 12240, 2281, 320, 3687, 685, 10508, 5294, 326, 627, 320, 642, 26210, 5001, 25662, 285, 16381, 14, 47586, 433, 2825, 13, 285, 642, 4292, 275, 1027, 5870, 497, 8244, 2905, 15, 2058, 253, 1268, 273, 2060, 19208, 13, 1016, 20231, 1364, 452, 247, 16381, 12240, 2281, 8994, 10508, 5294, 452, 6908, 39, 8994, 470, 15, 520, 13, 285, 4711, 247, 475, 49, 4842, 2877, 323, 29944, 14, 1231, 37722, 12902, 8994, 470, 15, 5523, 15, 11977, 841, 47230, 5018, 13, 941, 432, 898, 2082, 322, 4061, 9853, 5870, 285, 337, 13, 18962, 329, 12295, 5870, 497, 5867, 970, 21238, 432, 48396, 13, 20395, 19208, 15, 187, 187, 21214, 10426, 285, 16038, 187, 36311, 187, 187, 4118, 8464, 303, 839, 617, 262, 1430, 347, 247, 1083, 14, 8519, 4499, 187, 187, 10759, 262, 1430, 273, 29895, 432, 1742, 2287, 7147, 5760, 369, 5998, 970, 443, 1647, 34, 3694, 1254, 35, 1619, 5413, 534, 31360, 253, 3762, 10090, 562, 275, 1254, 35, 1166, 2947, 35, 1093, 1656, 5729, 33630, 273, 29895, 369, 2668, 281, 320, 337, 6, 1254, 35, 1630, 1656, 1198, 1016, 273, 253, 6260, 13, 37003, 47244, 6397, 5395, 313, 6217, 46, 10, 497, 3413, 323, 1016, 273, 253, 3495, 25112, 970, 253, 393, 283, 11145, 14, 737, 78, 4500, 275, 443, 1647, 34, 1254, 35, 1619, 1656, 2053, 497, 840, 5678, 275, 271, 4583, 4315, 13, 970, 253, 393, 283, 78, 737, 78, 4500, 275, 443, 1647, 34, 15, 380, 806, 884, 8624, 4295, 273, 38408, 497, 3413, 970, 393, 283, 5902, 66, 275, 443, 1647, 34, 15, 2053, 884, 33102, 497, 840, 908, 347, 33520, 323, 26230, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 970, 393, 283, 250, 1686, 275, 443, 1647, 34, 15, 329, 8996, 273, 470, 15, 520, 323, 27734, 6637, 9360, 369, 908, 281, 4979, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 327, 253, 2540, 4311, 281, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 327, 253, 9781, 4311, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 380, 9317, 273, 26230, 617, 262, 1430, 432, 30195, 2021, 2758, 187, 187, 25420, 281, 253, 9273, 273, 322, 4061, 3530, 13, 642, 322, 4061, 4651, 651, 2525, 6866, 323, 29895, 15, 10300, 326, 310, 253, 1083, 13, 752, 310, 253, 22861, 323, 34018, 731, 281, 320, 5876, 285, 42455, 731, 281, 5760, 281, 6642, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 275, 253, 17087, 5978, 32, 6166, 253, 21842, 617, 262, 1430, 1566, 4651, 13185, 1142, 6380, 11640, 273, 1355, 1055, 281, 616, 22167, 13, 342, 253, 15355, 326, 2716, 651, 320, 12573, 432, 1016, 2885, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 1742, 2287, 403, 3021, 625, 2074, 387, 9781, 20024, 685, 3264, 407, 4839, 13, 285, 776, 4736, 310, 281, 6642, 436, 2559, 6380, 14259, 15, 9368, 272, 253, 4651, 5876, 285, 42455, 616, 21238, 281, 326, 273, 5760, 310, 247, 3626, 2746, 281, 26230, 616, 6380, 7680, 281, 9781, 285, 352, 556, 49280, 275, 11745, 30222, 13, 824, 347, 13418, 273, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 273, 8463, 3275, 432, 697, 26677, 14475, 432, 12156, 84, 13, 672, 760, 253, 12156, 434, 5343, 40573, 1918, 8463, 313, 1542, 1650, 1254, 35, 1717, 34494, 187, 187, 34, 2074, 4154, 3637, 323, 30195, 26379, 432, 322, 4061, 5870, 15, 2053, 26379, 943, 4763, 247, 3632, 3410, 273, 253, 2885, 434, 21885, 285, 13, 275, 15355, 13, 436, 10491, 651, 2486, 2716, 253, 9781, 23561, 4824, 407, 1016, 2885, 15, 3308, 253, 30195, 22167, 943, 11472, 253, 3388, 9781, 4824, 407, 253, 4651, 285, 436, 1268, 476, 320, 5998, 407, 6789, 731, 5876, 285, 42455, 616, 21238, 281, 1110, 432, 5760, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 3759, 3339, 281, 11897, 3264, 617, 262, 1430, 323, 4651, 285, 17927, 14, 38211, 187, 187, 6175, 253, 6239, 4428, 7418, 10414, 281, 253, 7977, 273, 2495, 11640, 4824, 407, 4651, 273, 44053, 7147, 25993, 5870, 13, 359, 812, 417, 1089, 11745, 30222, 6260, 273, 352, 347, 247, 1159, 273, 24228, 420, 313, 9088, 310, 2905, 789, 327, 253, 3486, 273, 4471, 14, 77, 2423, 24954, 327, 253, 1612, 273, 7431, 3320, 5864, 2175, 1254, 35, 1229, 2947, 35, 2405, 34494, 844, 3103, 6760, 253, 475, 9127, 11, 617, 262, 1430, 323, 4651, 13, 30195, 26379, 13, 285, 17927, 14, 38211, 327, 253, 3720, 273, 9938, 285, 253, 3762, 273, 11745, 30222, 5001, 253, 5438, 8967, 313, 1542, 29895, 13, 5512, 337, 2673, 285, 253, 2380, 281, 5438, 313, 9127, 1818, 275, 253, 3072, 434, 1599, 9781, 481, 380, 9938, 403, 4158, 281, 25066, 24228, 420, 323, 44053, 285, 25993, 5870, 15, 187, 187, 4041, 8014, 19208, 1907, 271, 3486, 327, 9781, 497, 15524, 15, 380, 17153, 4294, 323, 20231, 475, 74, 2992, 475, 81, 11881, 74, 41137, 12848, 875, 470, 15, 520, 285, 470, 15, 1525, 15, 15699, 617, 262, 1430, 475, 73, 21237, 19, 8769, 2439, 512, 475, 79, 11, 426, 9098, 19208, 369, 873, 281, 320, 2057, 470, 15, 1235, 390, 470, 15, 1976, 323, 1742, 2287, 342, 29895, 15, 380, 4103, 6349, 273, 1016, 20231, 13, 475, 88, 11881, 74, 41137, 369, 3413, 407, 806, 17221, 247, 6919, 246, 12890, 74, 3853, 875, 470, 285, 337, 387, 3632, 970, 247, 6447, 3268, 15, 2053, 9098, 2193, 497, 2879, 281, 4044, 475, 53, 2992, 285, 1016, 20231, 369, 17375, 407, 475, 88, 11881, 74, 3853, 426, 246, 12890, 74, 3853, 16, 53, 15, 380, 17153, 19137, 1055, 323, 1016, 20231, 891, 369, 840, 3413, 347, 370, 66, 578, 74, 94, 426, 393, 2609, 464, 1124, 92, 88, 578, 74, 94, 73, 578, 74, 1990, 19, 5932, 19, 81, 578, 74, 889, 1274, 9, 551, 18, 428, 268, 578, 74, 599, 393, 918, 10, 11971, 1198, 1016, 9864, 9098, 5870, 497, 4561, 11253, 273, 247, 3392, 13, 3101, 13, 285, 581, 1429, 313, 2696, 49, 44053, 10, 390, 767, 2151, 313, 3528, 36, 44053, 390, 329, 12295, 25993, 481, 2588, 9117, 323, 253, 4651, 497, 7922, 387, 3632, 970, 253, 17153, 11383, 13, 1223, 2151, 2959, 23561, 432, 253, 4651, 970, 253, 4803, 273, 30521, 20836, 24954, 15, 22300, 247, 17927, 14, 8519, 369, 4561, 407, 10941, 253, 16381, 273, 253, 4651, 281, 326, 273, 253, 1742, 395, 285, 34018, 253, 440, 14, 3675, 3004, 17153, 273, 1016, 2885, 347, 253, 23561, 323, 253, 17927, 14, 8519, 434, 16381, 15, 2732, 512, 21238, 275, 247, 2021, 497, 7922, 13, 253, 6380, 7680, 281, 253, 6944, 9781, 13466, 323, 1016, 2060, 480, 275, 253, 2021, 369, 3413, 407, 475, 40, 11881, 75, 3853, 1186, 30, 1186, 1853, 228, 1186, 12890, 74, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 95, 3503, 79, 21237, 89, 11881, 74, 11881, 66, 11881, 74, 3853, 1186, 2106, 1186, 11, 3955, 11881, 40, 3853, 275, 534, 475, 89, 11881, 74, 3853, 310, 253, 17153, 1385, 323, 20231, 891, 285, 475, 3955, 11881, 40, 3853, 1186, 30, 1186, 1853, 228, 1186, 12890, 74, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 95, 3503, 79, 21237, 81, 11881, 74, 46608, 18, 1186, 2106, 1186, 11, 81, 11881, 74, 3853, 2888, 66, 11881, 74, 3853, 310, 253, 3388, 6380, 7680, 689, 512, 21238, 15, 1916, 26065, 253, 6938, 4833, 327, 253, 13466, 273, 2060, 480, 13, 299, 95, 75, 9854, 359, 12491, 247, 3632, 1180, 432, 247, 2622, 3268, 342, 1599, 470, 285, 11041, 313, 18, 13023, 73, 21237, 19, 8769, 481, 380, 9781, 13466, 369, 840, 3413, 347, 475, 90 ]	finium^®^ 1Mv1 microarray (98.7%). Both arrays genotype roughly 1,000,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the overlap between the SNP sets is almost perfect. The SSC sample \[[@B19]\] includes \>2,000 genotyped families. However, our analyses targeted a homogeneous subset of these data. First, we included only samples genotyped on an Illumina 1M array; families had to be 'quads' consisting of an unaffected mother and father, an affected proband and an unaffected sibling; and all members of a quad had to have complete genotypes (\>95% completion rate). Only samples of European ancestry were included. European ancestry for the SSC families was determined using GemTools \[[@B22],[@B23]\] for all available SSC probands. To conduct the ancestry analysis we selected 5,156 SNPs with at least 99.9% calls for genotypes, had minor allele frequency MAF \>0.05, and were at least 0.5 Mb apart. Individuals were clustered into nine ancestry groups based on four significant dimensions of ancestry. The central five clusters, which held a total of 1,686 families, were identified as being of European descent. The ancestry cluster information combined with complete genotype information yielded a total of 965 SSC families for the analysis. The AGP Stage 1 dataset \[[@B16],[@B20]\] comprised 1,471 families, of which 1,141 were previously identified to be of European ancestry \[[@B20]\]. European ancestry was confirmed by analyses identical to those applied to the SSC families (see Additional file [1](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}: Figure S1). Clinical evaluation ------------------- Probands for the SSC and AGP cohorts were diagnosed in a similar manner (for diagnostic protocol for SSC, see \[[@B19]\]; for AGP, see \[[@B16],[@B20]\]). All SSC parents were screened for Autism Spectrum Disorder by the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire \[[@B24]\] (self-report) and the Social Reciprocity Scale - Adult Research Version \[[@B25]\] (informant report). Moreover, family history evaluation excluded first-, second-, or third-degree relatives who met diagnostic criteria for ASD or intellectual disability. For AGP families 46.2% were known to be multiplex, another 38.2% were identified as simplex on the basis of a family history indicating no known first- to third-degree relatives with ASD, and the remaining 15.6% were of unknown status. Note that most AGP parents were not systematically evaluated for ASD, unlike those from the SSC, and when AGP parents were systematically evaluated, the results were not used to screen out affected individuals and thus multiplex families. In addition, while all available SSC family members were genotyped, only parent-proband trios were genotyped for the AGP even when additional siblings were available. Control subjects ---------------- Controls derived from a convenience sample, specifically 1,663 individuals from HealthABC \[[@B26]\]. Control samples were also genotyped on the Illumina Infinium^®^ 1Mv3 (duo) array, like most of the AGP data, providing excellent comparability with the case dataset. Moreover, we reasoned that ASD is sufficiently rare (approximately 1% \[[@B27]\]) that screened and unscreened controls would yield similar results. Filtering --------- To make heritability estimates comparable, we filtered all families and control subjects based on the following criteria: all were of European descent as determined by genetically-estimated ancestry (Additional file [1](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}: Figure S1); genotypes for all family members met stringent quality control (QC) criteria; and control samples met identical QC criteria. For the three data sets we first chose SNPs genotyped on all platforms. Then ambiguous AT, TA, CG, and GC SNPs were removed. A total of 813,960 SNP across the 22 autosomes and chromosome X were included for further quality evaluation. At the level of individuals, we required that genotyping completion rate be greater than 98%, that there be no discrepancy regarding nominal and genotype-inferred sex, and no individuals in different families were closely related. At the level of individual SNPs, each SNP must have a genotype completion rate \> 98%, have MAF \> 0.01, and produce a P-value for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium \> 0.005. Following these QC steps, data from 965 SSC quad families and 1,141 AGP families were analyzed using genotypes from 713,259 SNPs. Statistical calculations and motivation --------------------------------------- ### Estimating heritability as a case-control contrast Heritability of ASD from probands versus controls was estimated using GCTA software \[[@B28]\], which encodes the theory laid out in \[[@B17],[@B18]\]. Prevalence of ASD was taken to be 1% \[[@B27]\]. For each of the analyses, Genetic Relationship Matrices (GRM) were determined for each of the 23 chromosomes using the \--make-grm option in GCTA \[[@B28]\]. These were then combined in an overall matrix, using the \--mgrm option in GCTA. The first 10 principal components of ancestry were determined using \--pca in GCTA. These 10 PCA were then used as covariates for estimating the heritability using \--reml in GCTA. A prevalence of 0.01 for autism spectrum disorders was used to transform the heritability on the observed scale to the heritability on the liability scale. ### The logic of estimating heritability from unaffected family members Due to the screening of SSC samples, no SSC parents would meet criteria for ASD. Given that is the case, what is the justification for assigning them to be affected and contrasting them to controls to estimate the heritability in the parental generation? Under the additive heritability model parents transmit many genetic variants of small effect to their offspring, with the expectation that half would be transmitted from each parent. The parents of probands are thus more similar at liability loci than expected by chance, and our goal is to estimate this increased genetic similarity. Calling the parents affected and contrasting their genotypes to that of controls is a natural approach to estimating their genetic contribution to liability and it has precedence in quantitative genetics, such as estimation of the heritability of milk production from its covariance arising from bulls, when only the bull's female progeny give milk (for example \[[@B29]\]). A similar argument follows for unaffected siblings from SSC families. These siblings should receive a random sample of the parent's genomes and, in expectation, this sampling would include half the liability alleles carried by each parent. Thus the unaffected offspring should mirror the average liability carried by the parents and this level can be estimated by calling them affected and contrasting their genotypes to those from controls. ### Simulations to compute expected heritability for parents and pseudo-controls While the literature contains numerous references to the burden of risk variants carried by parents of simplex versus multiplex families, we could not find quantitative genetics analyses of it as a function of ascertainment (there is related work on the impact of multi-locus inheritance on the power of candidate gene association studies \[[@B30],[@B31]\]). We therefore evaluated the expected heritability for parents, unaffected siblings, and pseudo-controls on the basis of simulations and the theory of quantitative genetics regarding the selection differential (for ASD, approximately 1%) and the response to selection (expected change in the population's mean liability). The simulations are designed to mimic ascertainment for simplex and multiplex families. One thousand SNPs having an impact on liability were simulated. The allele frequency for SNP i, p~i~, varied between 0.01 and 0.99. Overall heritability h^2^ across all n = 1000 SNPs was set to be either 0.50 or 0.75 for probands with ASD. The relative importance of each SNP, w~i~, was determined by first selecting a fraction t~i~ between 0 and 1 at random using a uniform distribution. These 1000 values were added to obtain T, and each SNP was weighted by w~i~ = t~i~/T. The allele substitution effect for each SNP i was then determined as $a_{i} = \sqrt{\frac{w_{i}h_{i}^{2}}{2p_{i}\left( {1 - p_{i}} \right)}}$. For each simulation 1000 families were generated consisting of a father, mother, and one child (AGP simplex) or two children (SSC simplex or AGP multiplex). Genotypes for the parents were assigned at random using the allele frequencies, while children received alleles from the parents using the rules of Mendelian inheritance. Likewise a pseudo-control was generated by comparing the genotype of the parents to that of the proband and assigning the un-transmitted allele of each parent as the alleles for the pseudo-control's genotype. After all genotypes in a family were assigned, the genetic contribution to the underlying liability phenotype for each individual j in the family was determined by G~j~ = ∑ ~i = 1~^n^x~i~a~i~ − μ~G~ in which x~i~ is the allele count for SNP i and μ~G~ = ∑ ~i = 1~^n^p~i~(1 − p~i~)a~i~ is the average genetic contribution over all genotypes. To simulate the environmental influence on the phenotype of individual j, e~j~, we drew a random number from a normal distribution with mean 0 and variance (1-h^2^). The liability phenotype was then determined as *y
[ 4896, 3790, 562, 253, 873, 285, 253, 3961, 13, 1024, 47975, 24028, 264, 407, 436, 1127, 13, 1379, 4055, 3924, 285, 6026, 1264, 2069, 281, 247, 46012, 42934, 41958, 285, 45927, 15, 187, 187, 22960, 37230, 13, 368, 16139, 15, 19348, 26702, 1694, 4824, 1977, 285, 752, 3053, 562, 281, 320, 271, 2934, 273, 849, 4484, 247, 12699, 273, 253, 1840, 9777, 812, 320, 13, 4541, 3531, 715, 247, 1083, 273, 25924, 14, 20700, 7989, 14, 33223, 16921, 2866, 3548, 457, 85, 326, 849, 444, 15, 45, 15, 5490, 313, 1235, 1608, 3355, 273, 49142, 14, 8997, 10, 3395, 247, 45651, 32, 187, 187, 6693, 1576, 6701, 323, 4361, 352, 13, 1339, 479, 871, 752, 369, 9829, 390, 752, 3058, 281, 320, 2879, 281, 253, 873, 3550, 16, 9029, 285, 309, 778, 1239, 634, 5701, 15, 1198, 1024, 13, 352, 457, 84, 673, 281, 10013, 247, 29861, 13, 4076, 4266, 598, 285, 5467, 253, 1652, 26531, 1899, 15, 187, 187, 27543, 90, 1214, 33167, 3170, 40186, 187, 187, 18281, 436, 27, 6745, 187, 187, 31068, 187, 187, 17835, 187, 187, 49967, 688, 187, 187, 10252, 22940, 187, 187, 53, 360, 41266, 187, 187, 7673, 187, 187, 1276, 84, 2946, 187, 187, 17148, 8863, 187, 9817, 436, 27, 6975, 32784, 1051, 31870, 457, 84, 13711, 9836, 1885, 313, 40, 9308, 10, 3116, 323, 4437, 14, 22784, 6247, 369, 577, 15, 3677, 5294, 253, 8840, 1580, 253, 7150, 7402, 4562, 3919, 4072, 13, 672, 352, 369, 577, 15, 20, 5294, 2556, 281, 2208, 941, 3863, 327, 6794, 15, 41598, 3936, 247, 7000, 1007, 387, 436, 21169, 9058, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 310, 6276, 24820, 3116, 1066, 4515, 32, 187, 187, 40, 9308, 12093, 3055, 8353, 26671, 13, 2208, 26671, 13, 8149, 285, 2036, 24217, 313, 23756, 19734, 27226, 481, 4683, 841, 26290, 13, 2208, 26671, 13, 534, 2789, 598, 1475, 884, 6, 273, 24820, 13, 8899, 253, 22583, 387, 1903, 15, 25, 6, 275, 253, 2626, 7150, 15, 1310, 436, 310, 1669, 562, 273, 24820, 13, 752, 4558, 310, 253, 1327, 14, 20129, 24820, 390, 253, 3055, 629, 273, 253, 6982, 15, 8758, 14, 20129, 24820, 3116, 275, 253, 7150, 369, 495, 15, 2222, 5294, 10909, 3720, 2792, 2406, 685, 4583, 24820, 3116, 15, 2596, 3720, 1127, 310, 581, 4289, 394, 273, 247, 7155, 15, 1893, 13, 5091, 6, 273, 253, 6982, 310, 5675, 1199, 17357, 685, 253, 4583, 6982, 15, 831, 310, 253, 1895, 15, 187, 187, 3145, 13525, 10882, 496, 253, 4565, 4240, 7150, 13, 1327, 14, 20129, 24820, 8899, 1077, 3809, 387, 854, 15, 2504, 7739, 3932, 840, 13, 352, 556, 13547, 11485, 285, 556, 625, 685, 7905, 1272, 281, 495, 15, 2222, 6, 187, 187, 7146, 1060, 281, 1859, 28148, 19908, 187, 187, 4967, 556, 1327, 14, 12312, 85, 24820, 3116, 28837, 32, 187, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 2590, 9058, 1060, 15, 496, 253, 4565, 4240, 7150, 13, 1327, 14, 20129, 24820, 8899, 1077, 3809, 387, 854, 15, 2504, 7739, 3932, 840, 13, 352, 556, 13547, 11485, 285, 556, 625, 685, 7905, 1272, 281, 495, 15, 2222, 7739, 2596, 1921, 323, 436, 8696, 275, 253, 22170, 273, 8149, 689, 253, 1390, 767, 19902, 15, 496, 253, 4397, 285, 4565, 19902, 13, 4583, 8149, 275, 253, 5396, 6982, 11111, 1164, 407, 577, 15, 1047, 6, 285, 608, 15, 1036, 5294, 2975, 15, 20859, 8353, 26671, 3116, 1309, 253, 1390, 767, 19902, 556, 28837, 281, 608, 15, 3571, 6, 285, 608, 15, 2691, 5294, 2975, 15, 2726, 8149, 34602, 13, 352, 310, 417, 10084, 326, 3055, 8353, 556, 28837, 1066, 15, 187, 187, 2347, 403, 8149, 285, 8353, 7939, 32, 187, 187, 30381, 420, 10513, 7375, 15, 32254, 2085, 6021, 13, 534, 13, 275, 1614, 13, 29426, 8353, 15, 2726, 8149, 34602, 13, 2217, 7375, 403, 417, 1146, 3562, 323, 253, 4829, 3041, 5396, 8920, 11734, 253, 26843, 1046, 1770, 15, 7757, 13, 352, 310, 417, 10084, 326, 8353, 3116, 556, 28837, 1066, 16821, 436, 807, 15, 187, 187, 2347, 588, 24820, 3116, 19021, 275, 3919, 7150, 32, 187, 187, 510, 2120, 3486, 273, 253, 24891, 15742, 327, 253, 5396, 6982, 588, 320, 3543, 1309, 436, 2180, 15, 831, 588, 3486, 253, 10264, 629, 273, 253, 6982, 13, 534, 556, 8791, 11111, 3938, 407, 470, 15, 3079, 6, 285, 470, 15, 1099, 5294, 2975, 13, 275, 253, 1390, 767, 19902, 15, 15222, 13, 253, 2891, 4849, 273, 253, 4275, 2208, 556, 11111, 3938, 407, 374, 15, 18, 6, 875, 4162, 6247, 285, 4247, 9169, 15, 831, 7787, 253, 3745, 273, 253, 2208, 281, 6947, 697, 1039, 562, 273, 7596, 13, 1633, 326, 352, 556, 7303, 281, 513, 281, 690, 6070, 1919, 1024, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 752, 670, 253, 2312, 273, 4759, 32299, 32, 187, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 2257, 273, 2312, 2190, 34216, 670, 253, 6982, 1907, 5004, 264, 562, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 5054, 3116, 1912, 457, 85, 2965, 667, 2007, 15, 831, 556, 3977, 281, 2007, 2312, 670, 627, 1146, 4759, 32299, 326, 1804, 271, 5054, 36499, 15, 1723, 13, 342, 253, 6982, 2779, 281, 1756, 387, 247, 2281, 17357, 685, 608, 6, 275, 253, 1655, 7150, 13, 667, 2312, 273, 4759, 32299, 310, 816, 2312, 15, 329, 6832, 7355, 2550, 5108, 5734, 8149, 275, 253, 6982, 21460, 598, 15, 187, 187, 55, 422, 76, 15366, 335, 310, 247, 32111, 14, 3169, 35796, 15, 187, 187, 35638, 281, 41598, 6317, 29076, 475, 10871, 247, 3588, 4579, 475, 11239, 368, 323, 20404, 272, 281, 776, 25144, 15, 187, 187, 18281, 29482, 187, 187, 7146, 1060, 281, 1239, 253, 41598, 299, 46250, 78, 565, 310, 1024, 327, 13940, 1710, 15, 29355, 32995, 5048, 275, 634, 13940, 1710, 285, 3297, 9300, 2948, 20235, 42095, 432, 686, 4305, 16368, 8, 187, 2948, 5321, 1909, 432, 686, 15261, 14, 284, 8, 187, 2948, 551, 187, 50276, 788, 6586, 45020, 13, 187, 50276, 16437, 27395, 13, 187, 50276, 7332, 356, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 15662, 36273, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 16976, 84, 2402, 10287, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 16976, 84, 45, 10321, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 16976, 84, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 16976, 84, 37632, 11446, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 23772, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 4221, 455, 991, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 43, 7267, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 49, 531, 37217, 868, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 19467, 84, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 13510, 23062, 31095, 187, 94, 432, 50111, 8906, 8, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 2006, 1397, 247, 2579, 12954, 326, 260, 3844, 253, 4228, 10434, 15, 187, 1738, 187, 3701, 2794, 13753, 313, 9252, 13, 551, 3888, 426, 8168, 748, 426, 551, 2311, 551, 187, 50276, 9252, 15, 3140, 2073, 2140, 15, 4305, 1383, 2634, 187, 50274, 3474, 4228, 15554, 2402, 426, 686, 4482, 86, 6741, 14, 4659, 14, 87, 18, 5618, 535, 50274, 1286, 15, 44364, 2073, 12543, 1383, 1159, 9, 8045, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 8045, 15, 14061, 24753, 9, 187, 50270, 68, 3844, 15, 5758, 9, 4659, 15554, 2402, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 12985, 10, 551, 187, 50268, 2309, 11556, 15, 1911, 3074, 8850, 187, 50266, 39618, 1383, 187, 50266, 39618, 26094, 16, 4305, 16, 7265, 15, 4305, 1383, 187, 50266, 8626, 13485, 15, 4251, 9, 74, 3001, 17169, 16, 4387, 16, 5695, 23911, 559, 891, 15, 1590, 559, 17169, 6788, 13956, 9, 1383, 8539, 24716, 9, 10606, 3117, 187, 50268, 9259, 187, 50270, 2311, 187, 50272, 558, 187, 50274, 9897, 535, 50274, 3701, 5752, 37910, 9, 9629, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 2309, 260, 3844, 15, 5758, 9, 4659, 15554, 2402, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 12985, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 2309, 11556, 15, 8992, 9, 9629, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 10927, 10, 551, 187, 50268, 338, 313, 10927, 10, 1091, 2380, 28, 535, 50268, 2309, 20279, 9, 9629, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 18428, 9604, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 12985, 15, 1065, 9, 9629, 13, 2990, 9604, 15, 27803, 6020, 187, 50266, 2309, 2990, 9604, 28, 187, 50268, 9897, 187, 50270, 9897, 187, 50272, 9897, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 1286, 15, 44364, 2073, 24717, 1383, 1159, 9, 8045, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 3474, 2748, 13636, 426, 747, 10611, 9, 8045, 15, 9629, 15, 6434, 558, 535, 50272, 338, 313, 9629, 13636, 15, 27422, 11013, 4328, 15, 27422, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 9629, 13636, 15, 3967, 1590, 11013, 17882, 3401, 551, 187, 50268, 8045, 15, 2541, 3378, 9, 68, 3844, 15, 8992, 28199, 26811, 187, 50268, 2309, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 9629, 13636, 15, 3967, 1590, 15, 5478, 84, 3378, 28199, 4387, 16, 19279, 551, 187, 50268, 8045, 15, 2541, 3378, 9, 40875, 37910, 9, 8045, 15, 9629, 4027, 187, 50268, 2309, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50272, 94, 535, 50272, 8045, 15, 2541, 3378, 9, 187, 50270, 68, 3844, 15, 8992, 9, 8045, 15, 9629, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 10927, 10, 551, 187, 50268, 2309, 2380, 2785, 20279, 9, 8045, 15, 9629, 558, 187, 50270, 2311, 187, 50272, 558, 187, 50274, 9897, 187, 50276, 27362, 535, 50276, 3474, 20477, 426, 3453, 15, 26687, 2073, 26094, 16, 4305, 3401, 187, 50276, 26804, 15, 3140, 2073, 7265, 15, 4305, 1383, 2634, 187, 50274, 3701, 8749, 13753, 6734, 551, 187, 50272, 338, 6522, 8002, 22853, 15, 10613, 35370, 10, 1091, 28, 187, 50272, 338, 313, 12428, 15, 26324, 20767, 686, 2413, 22426, 2785, 4328, 15, 26324, 20767, 686, 3614, 27, 3401, 1091, 28, 187, 50272, 8002, 22853, 15, 10613, 35370, 15, 15905, 28199, 2140, 15, 4305, 8539, 7461, 9, 3701, 313, 1747, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 22452, 15, 2808, 2073, 13753, 9856, 2, 5137, 187, 50272, 9897, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15905, 13753, 1874, 187, 50276, 27362, 187, 94, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 2006, 1397, 690, 367, 13363, 3386, 15, 187, 1738, 187, 3701, 2794, 49, 13363, 313, 9252, 13, 24098, 10, 551, 187, 50276, 6953, 13753, 9, 9252, 13, 24098, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 3701, 755, 4505, 9, 3967, 10, 551, 187, 50276, 2309, 747, 32949, 4464, 31327, 10, 3001, 551, 187, 50274, 3474, 10434, 8975, 426, 747, 14784, 15003, 6825, 1082, 187, 50274, 26094, 8975, 15, 5758, 2073, 9278, 1383, 1854, 10, 187, 50274, 26094, 8975, 15, 251, 2799, 426, 1159, 6734, 551, 187, 50272, 31327, 9, 2520, 15, 10927, 10, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50274, 26094, 8975, 15, 13161, 9, 8629, 10, 187, 50276, 2311, 187, 94, 187, 187, 3701, 6184, 313, 26094, 13, 755, 45020, 10, 551, 187, 50276, 3474, 5920, 426, 436, 15, 9252, 24054, 1082, 187, 50276, 3474, 1445, 4697, 426, 5920, 15, 7267, 22215, 30932, 435, 4697, 3401, 187, 50276, 3474, 4060, 426, 436, 15, 17494, 15, 5564, 187, 50276, 3474, 23367, 426, 747, 20235, 42095, 1082, 187, 50276, 3474, 3453, 426, 23367, 15, 26687, 2073, 10408, 3401, 187, 50276, 3474, 544, 4305, 27903, 13, 30689, 27903, 62, 426, 544, 9252, 15, 26687, 2073, 4305, 16, 11470, 3453, 15, 26687, 2073, 9016, 16, 3401, 62, 187, 50276, 3474, 9766, 426, 436, 15, 788, 4779, 42112, 1082, 187, 50276, 3474, 2936, 5200, 426, 544, 26094, 15, 9016, 13, 10434, 15, 4305, 62, 535, 50276, 2309, 32949, 15, 455, 9, 321, 5200, 15, 4251, 9, 788, 4505, 1228, 187, 50274, 15, 7461, 4464, 6071, 10, 3001, 551, 187, 50272, 9016, 27903, 15, 3140, 2073, 17817, 15, 9016, 1383, 2600, 60, 17, 3291, 187, 50272, 4305, 27903, 15, 3140, 2073, 68, 4305, 15, 4305, 1383, 2600, 60, 18, 3291, 187, 50272, 2309, 2600, 187, 50274, 2311, 187, 50274, 15, 7461, 36810, 3001, 551, 187, 50272, 2309, 3453, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 15, 8456, 1383, 9766, 10, 187, 50274, 2311, 187, 50274, 15, 7461, 36810, 3001, 551, 187, 50272, 16437, 27395, 9, 42494, 10, 187, 50272, 1059, 2133, 37217, 868, 426, 436, 15, 788, 15163, 37217, 868, 1082, 187, 50272, 1059, 3492, 426, 436, 15, 17494, 15, 16455, 3736, 436, 15, 788, 17213, 46134, 9, 2520, 15, 17494, 15, 16455, 10, 1163, 15078, 187, 50272, 1059, 9040, 426, 436, 15, 17494, 15, 462, 31095, 3736, 436, 15, 788, 48, 72, 23062, 31095, 9, 2520, 15, 17494, 15, 462, 31095, 10, 1163, 15078, 187, 50272, 1059, 10651, 426, 436, 15, 17494, 15, 34281, 3557, 187, 50272, 1059, 14084, 37632, 426, 755, 23772, 37632, 9, 2520, 15, 17494, 15, 11546, 10099, 23772, 10, 187, 50272, 1059, 2840, 36, 859, 426, 436, 15, 788, 13510, 36, 859, 1082, 187, 50272, 1059 ]	works round out the set and the band, now visibly wrecked by this point, take center stage and bow three times to a rapturous applause and cheering. Congratulations, you survived. Things kinda got carried away and what started out to be an idea of how cool a concert of the above magnitude could be, quickly turned into a case of blink-182 fan-fiction porn… isn’t that how E.L. James (50 Shades of Fuck-Off) became a billionaire? Anyways thanks for reading it, let me know what was missed or what needed to be added to the setlist/show and I may read your comments. For now, it’s time to grab a towel, clean myself up and assume the little spoon position. Browny @brownypaul Share this: Facebook Twitter Email LinkedIn Reddit Tumblr More WhatsApp Print Like this: Like Loading...India’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth for October-December 2019 was 4.71%, the lowest since the quarter ended 31 March 2013, when it was 4.3%, according to government data published on Friday. Mint takes a detailed look at this downward trend. What is driving GDP growth downwards? GDP comprises private consumption expenditure, government expenditure, investment and net exports (exports minus imports). Of these constituents, government expenditure, which makes up around 10% of GDP, grew the fastest at 11.8% in the third quarter. If this is left out of GDP, what remains is the non-government GDP or the private part of the economy. Non-government GDP growth in the quarter was 3.95%, 76 basis points lower than overall GDP growth. One basis point is one hundredth of a percentage. So, 90% of the economy is growing much slower than the overall economy. This is the problem. View Full Image In the December 2017 quarter, non-government GDP grew very fast at 8.47%. Since then, it has fallen constantly and has more than halved to 3.95% Click here to view enlarged graphic Why has non-govt GDP growth slowed? There is a clear trend here. In the December 2017 quarter, non-government GDP grew very fast at 8.47%. Since then, it has fallen constantly and has more than halved to 3.95%. One reason for this lies in the contraction of investment over the last two quarters. In the September and December quarters, overall investment in the Indian economy shrank by 4.14% and 5.16%, respectively. Private consumption expenditure growth during the last two quarters has slowed to 5.63% and 5.86%, respectively. With investment contracting, it is not surprising that private consumption has slowed down. How are investment and consumption linked? Investment creates jobs. Jobs provide income, which, in turn, encourages consumption. With investment contracting, enough jobs are not being created for the nearly million Indian youth entering the workforce every month. Hence, it is not surprising that consumption growth has slowed down dramatically this year. How will GDP growth fare in March quarter? The full impact of the coronavirus outbreak on the Indian economy will be felt during this period. This will impact the manufacturing part of the economy, which has anyway shrunk by 0.43% and 0.25%, respectively, in the last two quarters. Besides, the tax collection of the central government has shrunk by 2.1% between April 2019 and January 2020. This limits the ability of the government to spend its way out of trouble, something that it has managed to do to some extent until now. But what about the talk of green shoots? There is a lot of talk among economists about the economy having bottomed out. This means that economic growth won’t fall any further. This has led to further talk about there being green shoots that suggest an economic revival. However, with the economy likely to grow at a rate slower than 5% in the current quarter, any talk of green shoots is just talk. A substantial recovery cannot happen unless investment in the economy picks up. Vivek Kaul is a Mumbai-based economist. Subscribe to Mint Newsletters * Enter a valid email * Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter. Share Via Click here to read the Mint ePapermint is now on Telegram. Join mint channel in your Telegram and stay updatedimport JSZip from 'jszip' import saveAs from 'save-as' import { getImageBlob, cleanDOM, gtagSetup, fbPixelSetup, getFontsNameStr, getFontsLanguages, getFontsSetup, getFontsSetupStyle, getScrollSetup, getParallaxSetup, getJquerySetup, getPoneStyles, getLibs, getCustomMetaTags } from '../util' /** * Adds a service worker that caches the static assets. / function createSW (output, { images = [] } = {}) { output.file('sw.js', ` const staticCacheName = 'bbuilder-static-v1'; self.addEventListener('install', function(event) { event.waitUntil( caches.open(staticCacheName).then(function(cache) { return cache.addAll([ '/', '/assets/js/main.js', ${images.map(i => "'/public/image/" + i.name + "'").join(',').trim(',')} ]); }) ); }); function serveAsset(request) { return caches.open(staticCacheName).then(function(cache) { return cache.match(request).then(function(response) { if (response) return response; return fetch(request).then(function(networkResponse) { cache.put(request, networkResponse.clone()); return networkResponse; }); }); }); } self.addEventListener('fetch', function(event) { const requestUrl = new URL(event.request.url); if (requestUrl.origin === location.origin) { if (requestUrl.pathname === '/') { event.respondWith(caches.match('/')); return; } if (requestUrl.pathname.startsWith('/public/')) { event.respondWith(serveAsset(event.request)); return; } } event.respondWith( caches.match(event.request).then(function(response) { return response \|\| fetch(event.request); }) ); }); `) const scripts = output.folder('assets/js') scripts.file('main.js', ` function registerSW () { if (!navigator.serviceWorker) return; if (location.protocol !== 'http:' \|\| location.protocol !== 'https:') return; navigator.serviceWorker.register('/sw.js').then(function (reg) { console.log('SW registered!'); }); } registerSW(); `) } /* * Adds some PWA features. */ function createPWA (output, payload) { createSW(output, payload) } function getFile(path) { return new Promise((resolve) => { const assetsClient = new XMLHttpRequest() assetsClient.open('GET', path) assetsClient.onload = function () { resolve(this.response) } assetsClient.send(null) }) } function download (assets, getBlob) { const frag = this.outputFragment() const artboard = frag.querySelector('#artboard') const title = this.settings.title const zip = new JSZip() const output = zip.folder('project') const [jsFolder, cssFolder] = [output.folder('js/'), output.folder('css/')] const manifest = this.getManifest() const urls = [assets.css, assets.js] return Promise.all(urls.map(getFile)) .then((content) => { cssFolder.file('styles.css', content[0]) jsFolder.file('cjs.js', content[1]) return content }) .then(() => { return output.file('manifest.json', manifest) }) .then(() => { cleanDOM(frag) let bodyStyles = this.getBodyStyles() let video = this.settings.video ? this.getVideoBg(this.settings.video) : '' let og = this.settings.ogTags ? this.getOgMetaTags(this.settings.ogTags) : '' let icon = this.settings.favicon let scrollSetup = getScrollSetup(this.settings.fullPageScroll) let customCss = this.getCustomCss() let
[ 4461, 15, 911, 953, 10, 187, 50270, 44779, 389, 60, 17, 62, 2295, 346, 1590, 1381, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 1590, 64, 1286, 1082, 187, 50270, 44779, 389, 60, 17, 62, 2295, 346, 5374, 1381, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 5374, 1082, 187, 50270, 44779, 389, 60, 17, 62, 2295, 346, 248, 267, 1381, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 248, 267, 64, 1286, 1082, 187, 50270, 44779, 389, 60, 17, 62, 2295, 346, 865, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 3550, 64, 44291, 1082, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 5550, 77, 311, 259, 307, 2807, 535, 50274, 1545, 11757, 9, 1286, 13, 30539, 13, 26762, 2262, 187, 50270, 6050, 26762, 15, 28368, 2239, 470, 285, 30539, 15, 28368, 2239, 470, 27, 187, 50266, 35946, 426, 540, 9, 14719, 15, 14719, 1082, 475, 30539, 15, 35946, 10, 187, 50266, 29337, 426, 540, 9, 14719, 15, 14719, 1082, 475, 1545, 3109, 15, 29337, 10, 187, 50266, 3845, 346, 6601, 471, 27, 2462, 84, 4632, 14971, 27, 2462, 84, 3, 2462, 313, 1344, 9, 35946, 582, 1213, 9, 29337, 1228, 187, 50266, 338, 2983, 2239, 5684, 27, 187, 50262, 3845, 346, 1394, 4352, 253, 2462, 84, 323, 2462, 84, 19517, 449, 2462, 313, 1545, 3109, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 1213, 9, 35946, 1228, 187, 50262, 1545, 3109, 15, 28368, 24869, 2983, 187, 50266, 44779, 2983, 2295, 5684, 27, 187, 50262, 3845, 346, 510, 2983, 9829, 15, 1422, 1928, 2238, 273, 19271, 449, 187, 50266, 7271, 27, 187, 50262, 3845, 5550, 510, 2462, 84, 4352, 368, 323, 2462, 84, 19517, 285, 352, 8513, 1524, 3076, 25107, 2462, 313, 1545, 3109, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 1213, 9, 35946, 1228, 187, 50262, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 24869, 2983, 187, 50262, 338, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 654, 374, 27, 187, 50258, 3845, 346, 1394, 3177, 281, 8773, 3255, 187, 50258, 2606, 15, 28850, 9, 18, 10, 187, 50258, 7054, 187, 50266, 2606, 15, 28850, 29369, 22, 10, 187, 50270, 338, 26762, 15, 28368, 654, 337, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 346, 1394, 5339, 253, 2462, 84, 15, 1359, 8872, 323, 253, 2462, 84, 434, 2021, 449, 2462, 313, 1545, 3109, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 26762, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 6649, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 37755, 64, 484, 9, 1545, 3109, 15, 37755, 10, 187, 50266, 7555, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 60, 1545, 3109, 15, 1590, 62, 187, 50270, 338, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 654, 337, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 26975, 1082, 535, 50274, 1545, 1268, 64, 484, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 338, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 37755, 2239, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 424, 19, 475, 884, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 7079, 337, 187, 50266, 3845, 346, 1394, 1849, 4925, 1268, 346, 559, 1213, 9, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 10, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 4090, 64, 28368, 7079, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 426, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 4090, 64, 28368, 535, 50274, 1545, 41614, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1542, 891, 275, 2491, 9, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 2262, 187, 50266, 1826, 64, 2163, 2971, 426, 3632, 15, 22122, 8850, 3, 462, 250, 995, 346, 41845, 995, 346, 72, 706, 3642, 45564, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 60, 1826, 64, 2163, 2971, 62, 426, 39608, 9, 1826, 64, 2163, 2971, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1007, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3845, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 10008, 187, 50270, 3845, 346, 1394, 476, 10463, 281, 27, 2462, 84, 3, 2462, 26848, 29996, 13956, 9, 1286, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 911, 953, 10, 187, 50270, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 30, 8168, 187, 50270, 1542, 1416, 275, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 27, 187, 50266, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 15, 9691, 9, 1286, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 60, 1590, 1570, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 6649, 187, 50270, 338, 19827, 64, 3550, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 346, 1394, 923, 27, 2462, 84, 3, 2462, 26848, 29996, 13956, 9, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1007, 64, 2163, 2971, 9, 1286, 13, 19827, 2262, 187, 50270, 3845, 5550, 510, 2462, 84, 556, 2462, 84, 19517, 13, 2462, 84, 2983, 13, 2462, 84, 5684, 13, 285, 310, 4409, 2462, 84, 31302, 449, 187, 50266, 6, 313, 2163, 2971, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 19827, 15, 28368, 13, 19827, 15, 35946, 13, 19827, 15, 29337, 13, 19827, 15, 37755, 1228, 535, 50274, 1545, 2118, 9, 1286, 13, 10463, 2262, 187, 50270, 338, 10463, 275, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 911, 953, 27, 187, 50265, 1286, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 426, 19121, 9, 19874, 10, 187, 50265, 1286, 15, 9576, 4187, 1082, 187, 50265, 1286, 15, 6204, 1082, 187, 50270, 44779, 10463, 2295, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 1590, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 5550, 1394, 1472, 2168, 1060, 25107, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 5550, 1394, 476, 626, 755, 627, 432, 1060, 25107, 535, 50274, 1545, 5731, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 5251, 64, 484, 1082, 187, 50270, 338, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 11049, 470, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 26975, 1082, 187, 50266, 2606, 15, 28850, 9, 19, 10, 187, 50266, 13197, 426, 10850, 1082, 535, 50274, 1545, 8959, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 2309, 18116, 79, 8, 559, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 1590, 559, 346, 19517, 5136, 559, 1213, 9, 565, 9, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 1228, 559, 346, 31302, 5136, 559, 1213, 9, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 37755, 10, 559, 346, 2239, 3, 535, 50274, 1545, 3453, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 5858, 187, 187, 13197, 426, 10850, 1082, 187, 187, 13197, 15, 9576, 4187, 1082, 187, 3845, 5550, 21096, 13, 9957, 13615, 25107, 187, 13197, 15, 3550, 64, 44291, 1082, 187, 13197, 15, 19255, 15, 1590, 64, 1286, 1082, 187, 13197, 15, 19255, 15, 6204, 64, 1286, 1082, 187, 13197, 15, 6204, 1082, 187, 187, 6050, 11793, 27, 187, 50274, 13197, 15, 13393, 64, 5423, 1082, 187, 50274, 13197, 15, 11183, 1082, 187, 50274, 13197, 15, 9252, 1082, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 34, 1643, 13991, 27, 187, 187, 7657, 285, 4796, 35793, 970, 24954, 13, 323, 1650, 27, 187, 2437, 18633, 9, 6082, 2262, 1852, 3877, 747, 14, 4826, 5971, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 4478, 21920, 1286, 13, 1416, 13, 288, 81, 13, 2983, 13, 17147, 13, 1269, 81, 2262, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 1590, 426, 1416, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 28368, 426, 288, 81, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 35946, 426, 2983, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 1545, 566, 426, 17147, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 37755, 426, 1269, 81, 187, 187, 2437, 39608, 9, 21260, 2262, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 4478, 21920, 1286, 13, 1416, 2262, 187, 50270, 12185, 9, 9304, 2971, 13, 1881, 481, 876, 4478, 21920, 1590, 13, 3632, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 740, 582, 187, 50254, 50266, 50276, 14719, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 22, 582, 2490, 50254, 50266, 50276, 14719, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 22, 582, 187, 50254, 50266, 50276, 14719, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 25, 1228, 187, 187, 2437, 22885, 9, 21260, 2262, 535, 50274, 11779, 64, 18582, 426, 495, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 4478, 21920, 1286, 13, 1268, 30, 18, 2262, 187, 50270, 12185, 9, 41, 2771, 13, 1881, 481, 876, 4478, 876, 41771, 1881, 15, 11779, 64, 18582, 13, 1268, 12, 22, 13, 2490, 50254, 50270, 50276, 1268, 12, 22, 13, 470, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 5251, 426, 1268, 187, 187, 19815, 2087, 966, 941, 562, 273, 253, 4227, 27, 187, 2437, 19121, 9, 6082, 2262, 535, 50274, 13935, 2277, 64, 17020, 426, 17579, 9511, 1381, 17579, 10008, 1381, 346, 1394, 1472, 387, 1728, 15, 831, 310, 835, 368, 3153, 13, 19235, 17295, 187, 50254, 50276, 3, 911, 953, 1381, 15640, 38250, 9686, 2023, 187, 50261, 3, 38250, 1381, 17579, 10008, 1381, 346, 1394, 1472, 275, 247, 3644, 9741, 15, 733, 434, 9648, 43976, 4182, 17295, 187, 50254, 50274, 3, 911, 953, 1381, 15640, 9511, 995, 346, 48212, 9686, 2023, 187, 50261, 3, 48212, 1381, 17579, 10008, 1381, 346, 1394, 923, 247, 14593, 5947, 31836, 407, 16419, 15, 733, 434, 1512, 5412, 281, 10831, 17295, 187, 50254, 50276, 3, 911, 953, 1381, 15640, 38250, 995, 346, 16285, 404, 9686, 2023, 187, 50261, 3, 16285, 404, 1381, 17579, 10008, 6302, 1394, 476, 923, 323, 6574, 1475, 15, 5037, 626, 2965, 745, 17295, 187, 50254, 50272, 3, 911, 953, 1381, 15640, 48212, 9686, 599, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 4478, 21920, 1286, 13, 2234, 2262, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 10008, 426, 1881, 15, 13935, 2277, 64, 17020, 60, 2364, 7082, 3, 10008, 9686, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 911, 953, 426, 1881, 15, 13935, 2277, 64, 17020, 60, 2364, 7082, 3, 911, 953, 9686, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 1590, 426, 1213, 9, 2364, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 426, 12166, 187, 187, 29129, 299, 15, 72, 15, 10850, 15, 31264, 5543, 64, 23422, 3548, 626, 4227, 14, 6160, 15, 187, 187, 7657, 253, 3148, 970, 346, 40397, 3082, 3, 285, 1213, 15, 8124, 27, 187, 2437, 39608, 9, 21260, 2262, 535, 50274, 1051, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 1344, 21920, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 8547, 426, 346, 510, 551, 17, 94, 556, 551, 18, 15, 28368, 94, 19517, 13, 551, 18, 15, 35946, 94, 2983, 13, 29001, 1852, 3966, 15, 187, 50270, 2309, 7646, 15, 8124, 9, 1286, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 1881, 10, 187, 187, 2437, 10850, 9, 6082, 2262, 535, 50274, 1051, 535, 50274, 1545, 1007, 64, 2163, 2971, 9, 1286, 13, 19827, 2262, 187, 50270, 3845, 1213, 9, 2163, 2971, 10, 187, 187, 11244, 6287, 272, 2581, 685, 43489, 323, 3280, 12820, 313, 2887, 299, 15, 72, 15, 436, 8717, 3114, 35372, 2262, 187, 1545, 1416, 64, 1286, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50274, 6050, 11793, 27, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 1590, 426, 9305, 64, 5423, 1587, 1276, 513, 368, 1067, 4834, 13, 8791, 32, 36660, 187, 50270, 338, 1881, 15, 1590, 3613, 346, 1381, 187, 50266, 7054, 187, 187, 16628, 1577, 981, 634, 3470, 13359, 13, 824, 326, 597, 1067, 1016, 643, 13, 281, 2624, 1066, 2709, 3104, 273, 5841, 387, 253, 1755, 1268, 15, 1198, 1650, 27, 10850, 24856, 4478, 876, 812, 1067, 41614, 285, 1007, 28, 22885, 24856, 4478, 876, 812, 1067, 1416, 64, 1286, 285, 1007, 64, 1286, 1874, 285, 368, 812, 823, 10850, 15, 1993, 64, 4650, 281, 1067, 6016, 64, 5423, 5715, 2165, 15, 11183, 1082, 285, 2165, 15, 9252, 5023, 187, 187, 12501, 253, 1755, 14, 5251, 2127, 275, 271, 604, 4772, 1590, 876, 2295, 686, 876, 7265, 876, 5295, 2972, 313, 2887, 299, 15, 72, 15, 436, 8717, 1953, 481, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 510, 643, 3662, 432, 1214, 29983, 83, 1200, 274, 365, 12453, 253, 954, 1774, 2792, 13, 533, 247, 1643, 643, 295, 953, 403, 27, 187, 38, 2815, 4024, 253, 346, 5374, 3, 4327, 275, 6016, 64, 5423, 187, 2042, 253, 2608, 3510, 275, 346, 5374, 3, 387, 253, 3923, 1386, 13, 253, 10921, 310, 271, 2228, 3935, 285, 253, 990, 273, 253, 2086, 15, 187, 27281, 253, 18899, 285, 9610, 275, 20658, 64, 1286, 187, 510, 3935, 4983, 342, 346, 1394, 38596, 634, 1881, 323, 2462, 69, 19517, 3255, 310, 247, 2372, 24363, 1580, 326, 5012, 253, 3786, 5118, 2408, 534, 310, 5118, 347, 1881, 15, 37755, 475, 964, 19, 2581, 685, 253, 4588, 1180, 534, 310, 1881, 15, 37755, 38825, 964, 22, 285, 310, 44491, 407, 1881, 15, 28368, 64, 17465, 1082, 187, 16628, 15706, 346, 40397, 3904, 3, 342, 4907, 3602, 187, 3404, 690, 1127, 13, 368, 1537, 5730, 281, 1818, 13, 1333, 13, 849, 346, 85, 602, 3, 29652, 476, 320, 13, 594, 2581, 685, 1907, 1881, 15, 35946, 426, 3632, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 22, 10, 368, 778, 971, 281, 1691, 253, 374, 285, 608, 715, 4903, 326, 778, 320, 24251, 390, 1014, 12059, 1309, 253, 2165, 15, 50276, 2214, 1650, 13, 5046, 11129, 29256, 373, 403, 42306, 685, 9741, 29256, 373, 13, 390, 4931, 29652, 755, 42306, 347, 253, 4760, 1057, 15, 187, 8252, 24622, 3904, 342 ]	room.exits) elif com[0] == "name": self.hero.name_self() elif com[0] == "info": self.info() elif com[0] == "heal": self.hero.heal_self() elif com[0] == "?": self.list_commands() else: print ("lol wut") def combat(self, attacker, defender): while defender.hp > 0 and attacker.hp > 0: attack = int(random.random() * attacker.attack) defense = int(random.random() defender.defense) print "Attack: %s vs Defense: %s" % (str(attack), str(defense)) if attack > defense: print "You hit the %s for %s HP." % (defender.name.capitalize(), str(attack)) defender.hp -= attack elif attack == defense: print "The attack missed. You feel kind of disappointed." else: print ("The %s hit you for %s HP and it hurt real bad.") % (defender.name.capitalize(), str(attack)) self.hero.hp -= attack if self.hero.hp < 2: print "You attempt to escape..." time.sleep(1) break time.sleep(.5) if defender.hp < 1: print "You killed the %s. How sad for the %s's family." % (defender.name.capitalize(), defender.name.capitalize()) self.hero.xp_up(defender.xp) del self.current_room.monster_list[defender.name] if self.hero.hp < 1: self.hero.death() def level_up(self): if self.hero.xp > self.hero.level2 10: self.hero.level += 1 print "You've reached level " + str(self.hero.level) self.hero.max_hp += self.hero.level self.hero.hp = self.hero.max_hp def populate(self): for i in range(self.hero.level): new_monster = random.choice(["ogre", "orc", "goblin"]) self.current_room.monster_list[new_monster] = Monster(new_monster) def look(self): print self.current_room.description print "You can exit to: %s" % ', '.join(self.current_room.exits) monster_list= [] for name in self.current_room.monster_list: monster_list.append(self.current_room.monster_list[name].name.capitalize()) if monster_list: print "You see: %s" % ', '.join(monster_list) def look_monster(self, monster): print ("The %s has %s HP, %s attack, %s defense, and is worth %s XP." % (monster.name.capitalize(), monster.hp, monster.attack, monster.defense, monster.xp)) def move(self, exit): if exit in self.current_room.exits: self.current_room = Room(exit) self.populate() self.look() elif exit == self.current_room.name: print ("You're already here.") else: print ("You can't get there from here.") def update(self): self.level_up() if self.hero.hp <= 0: self.hero.death() time.sleep(2) game = Game() def prompt(self): return '\n' + self.hero.name + " HP:" + str(int(self.hero.hp)) + " XP:" + str(self.hero.xp) + " >" def output(self): pass game = Game() game.populate() print ("Welcome, adventurer.") game.list_commands() game.hero.name_self() game.hero.look_self() game.look() while True: game.handle_input() game.update() game.output() A: A few suggestions: Simplify and reduce duplication using inheritance, for example: class Character(object): # note new-style classes def __init__(self, name, hp, attack, defence, xp): self.name = name self.hp = hp self.attack = attack self.defence = defence self.xp = xp class Monster(Character): def __init__(self, name): super(Monster, self).__init__(name, random.randint(2,10), random.randint(2,5), random.randint(2,5), random.randint(2,8)) class Hero(Character): MAX_HP = 3 def __init__(self, level=1): super(Hero, self).__init__('', self.MAX_HP, level+5, level+5, 0) self.level = level Move general class data out of the instance: class Room(object): ROOM_DATA = {"home": {"description": "You're at home. This is where you live, unfortunately.", "exits": ["forest"]}, "forest": {"description": "You're in a dark forest. It's fairly gloomy.", "exits": ["home", "lake"]}, "lake": {"description": "You see a lake circled by rocks. It's too cold to swim.", "exits": ["forest", "mountain"]}, "mountain": {"description":"You can see for miles around. Don't fall off.", "exits": ["lake"]}} def __init__(self, key): self.description = self.ROOM_DATA[key]["description"] self.exits = self.ROOM_DATA[key]["exits"] self.name = str(key) self.monster_list = {} Similarly e.g. Game.COMMAND_LIST isn't instance-specific. Simplify the display using "magic methods" and str.format: class Monster(Character): ... def __str__(self): template = "The {0} has {1.hp} HP, {1.attack} attack, ..." # etc. return template.format(self.name.capitalize(), self) class Game(object): ... def look_monster(self, monster): print str(monster) Use looping rather than recursion for input validation (see e.g. this SO community wiki): def name_self(self): while True: self.name = raw_input("What do you call yourself, anyway? ") if self.name != "": break Consider structuring your functions differently, such that they call each other, to cut down multiple lines of calls at the top level. For example: Game.__init__ could call populate and look; Hero.__init__ could call name_self and look_self(); and you could add Game.play_round to call handle_input(), game.update() and game.output(). Put the top-level code in an if __name__ == '__main__': block (see e.g. this SO question). A: The other answer from @jonrsharpe addresses the most important points, but a few other nits are: Eliminate the "info" choice in handle_input If the user types in "info" at the command line, the reward is an error message and the end of the program. Fix the calculating and reporting in heal_self The message starting with "You healed your self for %d HP..." is a bit misleading since that reports the previously calculated amount which is calculated as self.xp * .2 rather than the actual number which is self.xp *= .5 and is capped by self.hp_limit() Consider replacing "magic numbers" with named parameters At some point, you might wish to change, say, how "tough" monsters can be, so rather than having self.attack = random.randint(2,5) you may want to put the 2 and 5 into variables that may be tuned or even altered during the game. For example, maybe mountain Ogres are tougher than forest Ogres, or perhaps monsters get tougher as the player does. Start fractional numbers with
[ 21971, 13, 11456, 13, 13986, 3085, 20453, 15, 187, 23108, 346, 37633, 8347, 3, 25968, 13, 9934, 13, 2448, 32428, 26650, 15, 187, 52, 40807, 8647, 266, 4611, 13, 6879, 13, 9890, 39011, 757, 15, 209, 187, 1785, 306, 5047, 17650, 6696, 263, 266, 13, 11439, 13, 2448, 14959, 665, 13640, 275, 253, 385, 41845, 1204, 327, 534, 380, 1889, 41845, 382, 369, 1754, 15, 187, 35119, 26543, 40030, 13, 9523, 13, 4383, 18215, 1715, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 23852, 353, 1278, 249, 13, 10484, 13, 13389, 34186, 324, 5570, 13, 253, 637, 665, 10848, 2006, 6352, 444, 469, 8420, 15, 187, 37541, 16358, 28680, 2205, 13, 6931, 13, 2448, 13084, 37658, 13, 11407, 407, 25894, 8829, 15, 187, 7912, 610, 659, 304, 2146, 13, 8988, 13, 2448, 4318, 12353, 15, 187, 187, 19, 209, 187, 41, 15, 444, 15, 427, 15, 378, 433, 249, 13, 11003, 13, 4782, 8544, 2087, 15, 187, 28448, 399, 10614, 13, 11456, 13, 2448, 15217, 273, 385, 302, 3737, 12256, 19098, 13, 3961, 39892, 15, 187, 41, 39968, 399, 6592, 25476, 1136, 13, 11334, 13, 5685, 2221, 1154, 257, 6656, 285, 3645, 3660, 309, 18425, 13, 17172, 3811, 1436, 275, 6176, 13, 2798, 4433, 15, 187, 53, 408, 466, 611, 15, 47574, 13, 9743, 13, 530, 15, 52, 15, 18468, 13, 3438, 1740, 14, 3945, 7758, 27797, 17217, 15, 187, 46204, 12828, 2146, 13, 8319, 13, 2448, 14623, 31021, 13, 2798, 2983, 15, 187, 187, 20, 209, 187, 23108, 2058, 31299, 13, 10447, 13, 50276, 7878, 32427, 13, 37131, 273, 253, 3492, 19272, 15, 187, 18448, 33016, 3592, 13, 9161, 13, 9943, 18468, 15, 187, 9684, 353, 15, 14826, 13, 9161, 13, 2448, 3041, 10723, 40174, 1658, 382, 13, 7117, 275, 38946, 9166, 15, 187, 51, 30264, 16833, 84, 13, 10484, 13, 13986, 5842, 4760, 285, 8690, 13, 3438, 13986, 3872, 5842, 2285, 8690, 15, 187, 51, 1123, 423, 4011, 13, 9901, 13, 5396, 25375, 285, 35415, 16057, 15, 187, 8469, 1190, 6529, 659, 15, 1623, 463, 13, 6931, 13, 9462, 20453, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 187, 21, 209, 187, 46, 6356, 2284, 378, 433, 547, 40160, 13, 11130, 13, 45575, 26650, 15, 187, 37433, 6836, 2263, 532, 1792, 13, 8319, 13, 9890, 9260, 5908, 13, 5103, 407, 253, 1982, 8663, 275, 9256, 15, 187, 37912, 9869, 399, 19493, 1299, 13, 11614, 13, 1457, 12123, 25154, 209, 1765, 603, 15, 187, 54, 2072, 40019, 13, 11487, 13, 9943, 1444, 1420, 34715, 41911, 15, 187, 58, 11317, 611, 3385, 5756, 7381, 13, 8676, 13, 27485, 4214, 273, 21074, 6631, 285, 3054, 1342, 13, 3438, 10755, 9843, 273, 17111, 15, 187, 29916, 375, 32106, 13, 5571, 13, 530, 44300, 26782, 14, 6448, 6512, 33858, 757, 42726, 285, 8406, 15, 187, 187, 22, 209, 187, 23108, 411, 641, 2205, 16026, 251, 13, 11266, 13, 2448, 14, 6448, 4782, 7339, 1080, 15, 209, 187, 13804, 744, 26066, 14, 35, 4584, 13, 11102, 13, 2448, 18051, 6423, 273, 29053, 434, 48091, 486, 22397, 15, 187, 52, 1326, 14353, 1176, 1538, 66, 13, 10909, 13, 45575, 37970, 23998, 15, 187, 18448, 16442, 343, 83, 14943, 13, 10909, 13, 2448, 4400, 5963, 15, 187, 15418, 1500, 377, 472, 13, 26192, 1500, 377, 472, 273, 22808, 13, 6879, 13, 4383, 3438, 5213, 18215, 1715, 285, 6412, 273, 5854, 29417, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 187, 23, 209, 187, 45, 1596, 264, 378, 15, 26989, 5292, 13, 9330, 13, 2448, 3554, 382, 15, 209, 187, 41, 507, 8387, 248, 13, 10508, 13, 5685, 14, 6448, 2448, 33622, 3905, 459, 366, 275, 17709, 13, 9413, 273, 13671, 11781, 15, 187, 37, 10059, 17064, 5021, 13, 9330, 13, 2448, 14623, 4760, 13, 1457, 2816, 28260, 562, 33299, 665, 14870, 14623, 434, 15917, 13604, 275, 247, 23518, 4400, 15091, 187, 9030, 324, 656, 2398, 18463, 13, 9654, 13, 22755, 266, 33823, 18468, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 1779, 1807, 16647, 13, 11439, 13, 2448, 19585, 28322, 3841, 3862, 33293, 13, 10552, 273, 7863, 9980, 15, 187, 15883, 2577, 657, 593, 13, 6705, 13, 4782, 5553, 22533, 285, 5579, 3167, 13, 9980, 15, 187, 7573, 21769, 17025, 13, 11614, 13, 2448, 20453, 13, 2798, 2983, 15, 187, 187, 24, 209, 187, 3996, 6481, 16026, 27409, 936, 13, 3436, 13, 22699, 416, 9593, 2854, 23827, 13, 10145, 275, 253, 21960, 36835, 2854, 1083, 28, 5339, 1309, 247, 34170, 275, 247, 46406, 4687, 12907, 15, 187, 26366, 350, 329, 5047, 85, 13, 5096, 13, 5685, 18468, 15, 209, 187, 34, 15, 411, 15, 46867, 13, 10523, 13, 9462, 3330, 36184, 15, 187, 9494, 251, 2071, 702, 13, 10909, 13, 2448, 12256, 20021, 20453, 13, 5686, 275, 6112, 15, 187, 8732, 14423, 13, 9330, 13, 4782, 3085, 3275, 17039, 13, 4307, 8244, 342, 5119, 2070, 266, 15, 187, 53, 9587, 18885, 13, 9901, 13, 9943, 10831, 961, 15, 209, 187, 11735, 376, 7061, 13, 8255, 13, 2448, 3601, 16360, 285, 3085, 14281, 13, 820, 14, 16360, 273, 30556, 15, 187, 39164, 16967, 386, 571, 13, 10484, 13, 2448, 46172, 382, 17502, 15, 187, 20405, 3586, 250, 737, 460, 37606, 13, 11275, 13, 4782, 41318, 13, 34358, 281, 17785, 313, 17103, 1253, 15117, 10, 187, 18448, 27659, 13, 10909, 13, 2448, 24342, 6423, 15, 187, 187, 25, 209, 187, 44018, 45004, 13, 8026, 13, 4782, 17264, 323, 253, 13992, 21261, 285, 5722, 14, 23166, 5639, 35260, 15, 187, 20678, 610, 378, 3938, 254, 13, 10909, 13, 2448, 24455, 43982, 15, 187, 40805, 12665, 12517, 13, 8187, 13, 4782, 8406, 313, 12563, 1929, 347, 16922, 7195, 28029, 582, 6400, 2923, 15, 187, 36, 5069, 274, 418, 1595, 265, 13, 5096, 13, 24110, 49360, 13, 9945, 281, 253, 12057, 273, 18307, 6353, 285, 6888, 253, 33536, 15, 187, 1909, 13409, 36685, 10178, 729, 13, 8676, 13, 4661, 5756, 2533, 255, 382, 6657, 13, 5339, 407, 7247, 10824, 15, 187, 8478, 304, 50161, 353, 8432, 13, 11107, 13, 5685, 38882, 20453, 15, 187, 32655, 23773, 13, 11614, 13, 2448, 5842, 8690, 15, 187, 20723, 2013, 90, 17410, 13, 3925, 13, 2448, 7691, 13802, 3558, 273, 253, 3961, 10063, 4661, 254, 15, 187, 187, 26, 209, 187, 24080, 401, 15, 4223, 13, 10523, 13, 2448, 11115, 285, 18468, 15, 187, 46, 46929, 35693, 13, 11487, 13, 4782, 23998, 15, 187, 9030, 2477, 11328, 13, 5096, 13, 2448, 5842, 4760, 13, 754, 42751, 42900, 13688, 13, 14527, 2923, 15, 187, 27342, 71, 401, 45569, 13, 11456, 13, 5685, 8370, 10503, 48342, 757, 15, 187, 2993, 8807, 443, 763, 13, 9743, 13, 4383, 3924, 20453, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 44, 506, 466, 23961, 13, 11614, 13, 17960, 1943, 3961, 16057, 15, 187, 27503, 2070, 37, 23051, 13, 8026, 13, 2448, 2586, 3440, 285, 22461, 80, 4177, 13, 10552, 432, 6728, 2923, 15, 187, 23684, 19995, 13, 10523, 13, 2448, 16909, 42250, 15, 187, 42, 296, 87, 9435, 427, 13356, 13, 5096, 13, 32863, 31926, 15, 187, 36751, 5464, 3697, 7893, 13, 5096, 13, 5685, 14, 6448, 5702, 811, 32813, 37031, 2146, 15, 187, 10252, 9456, 329, 15, 3759, 790, 257, 13, 9743, 13, 2448, 2165, 17039, 15, 187, 187, 740, 209, 187, 39993, 14272, 13, 9934, 13, 11596, 43778, 15, 187, 27515, 416, 15, 46867, 13, 6879, 13, 2448, 12878, 13, 18277, 13, 20997, 665, 3597, 281, 5321, 500, 27168, 15, 187, 20405, 5490, 2325, 2247, 13, 11439, 13, 4782, 1794, 10364, 15, 209, 187, 37, 10059, 9915, 7233, 13, 8676, 13, 2448, 1421, 16057, 273, 37921, 23676, 25742, 15, 187, 35, 6321, 80, 25686, 254, 13, 5329, 13, 19962, 6938, 22531, 15, 187, 30187, 844, 89, 2146, 13, 11003, 13, 2448, 24320, 273, 11331, 6590, 15, 187, 187, 883, 209, 187, 10990, 1373, 28852, 13, 6705, 13, 2448, 5099, 382, 13, 21021, 275, 1302, 15, 187, 44, 6950, 411, 38051, 401, 251, 25134, 13, 8978, 13, 2448, 7281, 25895, 285, 11073, 13, 2488, 273, 387, 77, 1169, 273, 29934, 20490, 13, 5988, 2923, 15, 187, 18378, 16286, 13, 11487, 13, 2448, 1323, 35250, 285, 8406, 15, 209, 187, 40320, 545, 5292, 2101, 3109, 13, 11107, 13, 4782, 7512, 19317, 382, 13, 19836, 323, 30038, 5779, 15, 187, 187, 805, 209, 187, 41849, 29410, 13, 11614, 13, 2448, 5842, 4760, 15, 187, 44163, 661, 395, 274, 2058, 266, 471, 729, 23287, 13, 11130, 13, 48069, 31926, 15, 187, 29916, 17600, 14, 33228, 261, 13, 11439, 13, 19688, 19898, 30702, 187, 32618, 353, 15, 7528, 26217, 28298, 13, 5091, 13, 2448, 8370, 10503, 638, 12579, 13, 19520, 273, 8481, 45907, 313, 25892, 1253, 14643, 481, 187, 22427, 6291, 9368, 561, 13, 5096, 13, 31351, 6776, 382, 15, 187, 25310, 22671, 13, 9743, 13, 9462, 17264, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 45, 8901, 401, 770, 7381, 13, 5325, 13, 5685, 3645, 3660, 3719, 5408, 888, 665, 3977, 11563, 689, 253, 8462, 445, 4317, 281, 7185, 15, 187, 36447, 2205, 34450, 91, 13, 7288, 13, 2448, 6416, 48342, 757, 15, 187, 34, 1342, 32619, 21128, 13, 11102, 13, 34538, 6004, 25154, 209, 1765, 603, 15, 187, 998, 580, 2921, 611, 276, 28212, 276, 6917, 91, 261, 13, 11087, 13, 11308, 3440, 25375, 187, 44240, 444, 15, 3759, 7187, 382, 13, 9901, 13, 2448, 2554, 14, 30758, 2165, 17039, 187, 187, 1012, 209, 187, 20598, 3083, 378, 2788, 1225, 5914, 13, 9523, 13, 7247, 17502, 285, 9558, 15, 209, 187, 48959, 20146, 13, 8026, 13, 2448, 7765, 16057, 13, 38857, 346, 33090, 5729, 12844, 3, 187, 41237, 444, 735, 13, 11439, 13, 2448, 12353, 13, 4177, 273, 378, 14, 46829, 24114, 2064, 14815, 79, 626, 9362, 187, 13924, 1314, 47420, 17748, 571, 13, 9963, 13, 39924, 44316, 18468, 285, 41318, 13, 5639, 9843, 432, 7901, 281, 9725, 15, 187, 20655, 3995, 13, 6879, 13, 2448, 14623, 4760, 13, 14373, 11432, 6884, 27141, 5798, 5316, 285, 15263, 8269, 1080, 187, 187, 1047, 209, 187, 36447, 20163, 13, 10677, 13, 2448, 13946, 4760, 15, 187, 23833, 15859, 13, 9135, 13, 9943, 5099, 382, 15, 209, 187, 23833, 322, 15, 46734, 13, 8187, 13, 2448, 42250, 285, 2159, 2926, 8406, 13, 10470, 285, 6400, 2728, 15, 50276, 187, 14060, 292, 3667, 254, 13, 10447, 13, 4782, 17039, 273, 2255, 434, 45001, 466, 15, 187, 20405, 10053, 16647, 13, 11087, 13, 4782, 18468, 15, 187, 36945, 34932, 13, 7288, 13, 4782, 29992, 4936, 11717, 3811, 275, 16842, 13, 37836, 281, 2471, 407, 521, 3347, 15, 187, 35832, 8432, 45858, 478, 11415, 13, 11107, 13, 6692, 2062, 7588, 6303, 15, 187, 187, 1010, 209, 187, 26845, 31596, 274, 13, 3925, 13, 9943, 5099, 382, 13, 806, 24984, 5963, 275, 6976, 15, 187, 18142, 5292, 9368, 356, 5582, 13, 11289, 13, 2101, 1312, 273, 253, 12128, 8308, 313, 19813, 1253, 18647, 481, 187, 5498, 17065, 386, 13, 11487, 13, 2448, 16057, 16, 5906, 13, 4177, 273, 22810, 22668, 80, 2962, 15, 187, 45, 3703, 372, 38065, 13, 5091, 13, 13986, 24072, 15, 187, 48, 17447, 611, 1064, 44631, 13, 11681, 13, 9309, 757, 14648, 4760, 15, 187, 25310, 16442, 274, 610, 13, 10484, 13, 4383, 5842, 7205, 15, 187, 27302, 334, 7493, 13, 9901, 13, 2448, 20823, 1334, 9558, 15, 187, 49498, 8020, 427, 763, 900, 13, 10484, 13, 6692, 247, 1479, 7112, 9732, 5877, 253, 5958, 273, 854, 394, 16447, 439, 74, 5582, 432, 253, 329, 1479, 1479, 2284, 15, 187, 187, 1036, 209, 187, 56, 7447, 1219, 5493, 13, 5329, 13, 2448, 22531, 15, 187, 47134, 14699, 3975, 16561, 74, 13, 11439, 13, 9890, 30649, 7393, 254, 15, 187, 53, 13323, 11590, 13, 7543, 13, 2448, 5842, 5252, 13, 3438, 8068, 34105, 4760, 15, 187, 48598, 15416, 378, 1944, 11430, 13, 1884, 13, 20533, 10382, 17830, 15, 187, 51, 21697, 444, 2967, 76, 460, 13, 11583, 13, 4782, 6805, 313, 3463, 6426, 8799, 481, 187, 50047, 6086, 13, 11130, 13, 2448, 12353, 15, 187, 3074, 266, 20069, 4662, 339, 13, 10484, 13, 3684, 8118, 18468, 15, 187, 6300, 249, 15713, 84, 13, 9743, 13, 30016, 9593, 17898, 382, 285, 4498, 16360, 15, 187, 23684, 2070, 38373, 13, 11583, 13, 2448, 18468, 13, 6607, 399, 796, 3928, 13, 7758, 275, 530, 15, 52, 15, 5759, 15, 187, 47691, 7754, 16859, 13, 9963, 13, 2448, 14623, 4760, 15, 187, 187, 1166, 209, 187, 29099, 8636, 1219, 332, 5991, 13, 8187, 13, 9890, 270, 10600, 1070, 491, 15, 187, 23684, 500, 15, 25958, 736, 13, 11681, 13, 2448, 11073, 23121, 15, 187, 22795, 29735, 378, 2501, 13, 11266, 13, 9462 ]	kom, 93, Dutch film actress. George "Wild Child" Butler, 68, American blues musician. Sergio Campanato, 75, Italian mathematician. Reverend Walter Halloran, 83, American priest who participated in the exorcism on which The Exorcist was based. Brian Luckhurst, 66, English cricketer, cancer. Peter Malkin, 77, Israeli Mossad agent, the man who captured Adolf Eichmann. Stephen Anthony Mobley, 39, American convicted murderer, executed by lethal injection. Barry Stigler, 57, American voice actor. 2 H. E. N. Bredin, 88, British army general. Martin Denny, 93, American founder of exotica musical genre, bandleader. Hermann Dörnemann, 111, German supercentenarian and World War I veteran, oldest living person in Germany, heart failure. Tillie K. Fowler, 62, U.S. politician, former four-term Florida congresswoman. Rick Mahler, 51, American baseball pitcher, heart attack. 3 George Atkinson, 69, American businessman, inventor of the video rental. James Corbett, 96, Australian politician. Max M. Fisher, 96, American millionaire philanthropist, listed in Forbes 400. Rinus Michels, 77, Dutch football player and coach, former Dutch national football team coach. Raveendran, 61, Indian composer and playback singer. Guylaine St. Onge, 39, Canadian actress, cancer. 4 Mihai Brediceanu, 84, Romanian musician. Nicola Calipari, 51, Italian intelligence officer, shot by the US Army in Iraq. Douglas Dumbleton, 86, New Zealand cricket umpire. Una Hale, 82, Australian operatic soprano. Yuri Kravchenko, 53, Ukrainian General of Internal Service and statesman, former interior minister of Ukraine. Carlos Sherman, 70, Uruguayan-born Belarusian translator and writer. 5 George Worsley Adamson, 92, American-born British illustrator. Harold Brooks-Baker, 71, American publishing director of Burke's Peerage Limited. Sergiu Comissiona, 76, Romanian orchestra conductor. James McGirr Kelly, 76, American federal judge. David Sheppard, Baron Sheppard of Liverpool, 75, English former international cricketer and Church of England bishop, cancer. 6 Larned B. Asprey, 85, American chemist. Hans Bethe, 98, German-born American Nobel Laureate in Physics, discover of stellar fusion. Danny Gardella, 85, American baseball player, New York Giants outfielder who challenged baseball's reserve clause in a 1947 federal lawsuit Gladys Marín, 63, Chilean communist politician, cancer. Chuck Thompson, 83, American Baltimore Orioles broadcaster, complications of massive stroke. Tommy Vance, 64, British radio DJ and TV host, stroke. Teresa Wright, 86, American actress, heart attack. 7 Edwin Adams Cotto, 26, Puerto Rican drug dealer, accused in the Laura Hernandez drug case; killed during a riot in a Dominican Republic jail. Walter Arendt, 80, German politician. A. W. Baxter, 78, Canadian winemaker. Helon Blount, 76, American musical theatre actress, born in Texas. John Box, 85, British film production designer, worked closely with David Lean. Terry Buck, 61, Australian swimmer. Debra Hill, 54, American screenwriter and film producer, co-writer of Halloween. Philip Lamantia, 77, American surrealist poet. Sir Peregrine Rhodes, 79, British diplomat, Ambassador to Greece (1982–1985) James Stuart, 76, American opera director. 8 Ross Benson, 56, British journalist for the Daily Mail and award-winning foreign correspondent. Larry Bunker, 76, American jazz drummer. Anna Haycraft, 72, British writer (also known as Alice Thomas Ellis), lung cancer. César Lattes, 80, Brazilian physicist, contributed to the physics of elementary particles and discovered the pion. Aslan Maskhadov, 53, Chechen separatist leader, killed by Russian troops. Brigitte Mira, 94, German theatrical actress. Fred Rice, 86, American football coach. Jeremy Russell, 60, American cofounding member of the band Blue Cheer. 9 Thomas F. August, 78, American lawyer and politician. Meredith Davies, 82, British conductor. Glenn Davis, 80, American football player, Heisman Trophy winner, prostate cancer. Josef Fuchs, 93, German Roman Catholic theologian. Sheila Gish, 62, English stage actress, cancer. Kathie Kay, 86, Scottish big band singer. Chris LeDoux, 56, American country music and rodeo star, complications from liver cancer. William Murray, 78, American mystery novelist. István Nyers, 80, Hungarian footballer. Jeanette Schmid, 80, German-born professional transsexual whistler. Redmond A. Simonsen, 62, American game designer. 10 Dave Allen, 68, Irish comedian. Charles R. Baxter, 75, American physician, pneumonia, surgeon who tried to save JFK. Sir James Beament, 83, British biologist. Danny Joe Brown, 53, American lead singer of Molly Hatchet. Bruno Manser, 45, Swiss environmental activist. Sy Wexler, 88, American maker of educational films. 11 Rowland Barnes, 64, American jurist, murdered in court. Karen Wynn Fonstad, 59, American cartographer and academic, author of atlases of fictional worlds, breast cancer. Len Morgan, 82, American aviator and writer. Humphrey Spender, 94, British photojournalist, notably for Picture Post. 12 Tony Arena, 86, American football player. Aleksandar Atanacković, 84, Serbian footballer. Carl Beck-Friis, 83, Swedish Olympic shooter Joseph M. Breitenbeck, 90, American Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Grand Rapids (1969–1989). Norbert Callens, 80, Belgian cyclist. Bill Cameron, 62, Canadian journalist, cancer. Lisa Fittko, 95, German World War II dissident who led Jews over the Pyrenees to freedom. Stanley Grenz, 55, American Christian theologian. Amanullah Khan, 71, Pakistani Test cricket umpire. Stavros Kouyioumtzis, 73, Greek music composer Edward E. Simbalist, 61, American role-playing game designer 13 Old Man Bukashkin, 66, Russian poet and artist. Lyn Collins, 56, American soul singer, aka "Female Preacher" Jason Evers, 83, American actor, star of B-movie Brain That Wouldn't Die Ahmed Hassan Diria, 67, Tanzanian politician and diplomat, foreign minister from 1990 to 1993. Frank House, 75, American baseball player, retired Major League Baseball catcher and Alabama legislator 14 Stan Campbell, 74, American NFL player. Richard Cooper, 58, Australian jurist. Richard S. Forrest, 72, American novelist and short story writer, smoking and lung disease. Janet Reger, 69, British designer of women's lingerie. Sir Donald Thompson, 73, British politician. Simon Webb, 55, British chess grandmaster living in Sweden, stabbed to death by his son. Akira Yoshizawa, 94, Japanese origami master. 15 Bob Bellear, 60, Australian jurist, first indigenous judge in Australia. Audrey Callaghan, 89, Spouse of the Prime Minister (1976–1979). Don Durant, 82, American singer/actor, star of Johnny Ringo series. Loe de Jong, 90, Dutch historian. Otar Korkiya, 81, Georgian basketball player. Bill McGarry, 77, English football manager. Judith Scott, 61, American outsider artist. Shoji Nishio, 77, Japanese aikido teacher holding the rank of 8th dan shihan from the Aikikai. 16 Wanda Alston, 45, American activist. Arciso Artesiani, 83, Italian motorcycle racer. Todd Bell, 47, American football safety, former Chicago Bears player. Mohammed Bijeh, 30, Iranian serial killer. Ralph Erskine, 91, British architect (Byker Wall). Anthony George, 84, American actor. Allan Hendrickse, 77, South African politician. Justin Hinds, 62, Jamaican vocalist and songwriter. William Lehman, 91, American politician, represented Dade County, Florida in U.S. Congress. Dick Radatz, 67, American baseball player. 17 Renzo Alverà, 72, Italian bobsledder. William J. Bakrow, 81, American academic administrator. Irvine Barrow, 92, Canadian
[ 1439, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 3363, 2896, 11506, 575, 1447, 8560, 2582, 34006, 8560, 16354, 68, 582, 627, 4961, 271, 5802, 749, 27049, 10580, 370, 40, 5, 273, 669, 3582, 92, 41, 64, 74, 724, 824, 326, 370, 40, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 285, 13, 3021, 13, 669, 3005, 9, 40, 10, 393, 5090, 277, 1035, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 83, 1352, 3932, 370, 41, 64, 74, 5, 310, 275, 669, 1588, 92, 49, 724, 533, 370, 40, 5, 310, 417, 13, 370, 40, 5, 4428, 247, 11302, 273, 370, 41, 64, 74, 30916, 3308, 13, 253, 4373, 10580, 370, 40, 33794, 41, 64, 74, 8, 60, 55, 9, 40, 10, 393, 4421, 657, 9, 41, 64, 74, 3401, 8795, 310, 1327, 14, 11004, 15, 1723, 13, 1580, 370, 41, 64, 74, 9805, 310, 13714, 370, 71, 64, 74, 2911, 42822, 13, 627, 310, 247, 11302, 370, 87, 5, 275, 370, 40, 9805, 824, 326, 370, 69, 578, 40, 41883, 87, 10, 654, 269, 64, 74, 9, 87, 10, 426, 391, 428, 277, 578, 41, 64, 74, 559, 362, 94, 313, 87, 1009, 285, 3021, 370, 69, 64, 40, 9, 87, 10, 393, 3040, 277, 578, 40, 41883, 87, 10, 559, 277, 578, 41, 64, 74, 12, 87, 1603, 87, 10, 654, 391, 1366, 247, 20620, 15, 7757, 13, 370, 35, 5, 310, 417, 370, 71, 2911, 37717, 494, 15, 187, 187, 7542, 370, 69, 64, 41, 9, 87, 4010, 83, 93, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 4244, 359, 4044, 326, 1764, 2043, 92, 2132, 94, 187, 61, 2204, 578, 74, 30, 18, 2306, 81, 269, 64, 74, 9, 87, 10, 708, 426, 393, 2204, 578, 74, 393, 249, 418, 9, 87, 3117, 71, 64, 74, 9, 87, 10, 187, 393, 5090, 50276, 61, 2204, 578, 74, 393, 249, 418, 9, 87, 14411, 83, 14, 69, 578, 41, 64, 74, 12, 87, 1603, 87, 1228, 3353, 187, 7, 426, 50276, 69, 64, 41, 9, 87, 10, 428, 393, 2204, 578, 74, 393, 249, 418, 9, 87, 3117, 277, 578, 41, 64, 74, 12, 87, 1603, 87, 10, 393, 5090, 277, 64, 35, 9, 87, 1572, 423, 92, 2132, 2138, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 3822, 3308, 13, 407, 6899, 575, 1447, 28892, 27, 41, 1952, 45276, 16859, 696, 285, 347, 370, 35, 5, 310, 247, 2972, 13, 3019, 35, 13, 71, 1009, 310, 273, 1511, 313, 46, 582, 313, 44, 10, 390, 313, 36, 481, 1310, 3019, 35, 13, 71, 1009, 310, 417, 273, 1511, 313, 46, 582, 840, 370, 35, 5, 310, 247, 20098, 285, 359, 403, 2218, 15, 3308, 5467, 326, 3019, 35, 13, 71, 1009, 310, 273, 1511, 313, 46, 481, 2635, 13, 627, 310, 4555, 581, 3605, 370, 74, 5, 824, 326, 370, 71, 64, 74, 9, 87, 10, 426, 277, 64, 35, 9, 87, 1009, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 1009, 285, 370, 71, 64, 75, 9, 87, 10, 426, 470, 5, 323, 370, 75, 393, 9540, 891, 5, 432, 253, 873, 10809, 18, 13, 19, 1337, 5589, 13, 81, 19562, 1284, 247, 9936, 13, 370, 69, 578, 41, 64, 75, 12, 87, 1603, 87, 10, 393, 5090, 391, 5, 323, 512, 370, 75, 393, 249, 418, 9, 87, 10, 393, 12750, 6921, 74, 10952, 285, 3021, 13, 370, 69, 64, 35, 9, 87, 10, 393, 3040, 391, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 3822, 1310, 370, 35, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 3303, 359, 452, 669, 3442, 9, 35, 10, 393, 3040, 391, 5, 285, 627, 310, 2717, 1669, 281, 921, 15, 1310, 370, 35, 393, 1439, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 3303, 840, 407, 11506, 575, 1447, 8560, 2582, 34006, 8560, 16354, 68, 582, 370, 35, 5, 4428, 271, 5802, 749, 27049, 10580, 370, 35, 9805, 432, 669, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 17137, 3932, 370, 69, 64, 35, 9, 87, 10, 393, 3040, 391, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 1009, 285, 1580, 669, 3005, 9, 35, 3401, 393, 5090, 277, 1035, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 391, 1366, 352, 1364, 2186, 370, 35, 30, 35, 9805, 285, 370, 69, 64, 35, 9, 87, 10, 426, 391, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 3822, 13162, 13, 370, 35, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 285, 370, 35, 5, 310, 370, 83, 2911, 12846, 15, 831, 29141, 253, 4737, 15, 187, 187, 34, 11414, 2284, 14, 881, 3033, 323, 253, 4248, 2020, 273, 4619, 4872, 4373, 33884, 187, 15256, 43024, 187, 187, 510, 9400, 273, 4560, 2406, 14493, 323, 253, 1180, 273, 9297, 13, 2975, 253, 4248, 2020, 273, 4619, 14580, 285, 4373, 33884, 342, 1675, 281, 690, 35633, 4473, 556, 2168, 644, 6730, 18171, 275, 253, 2469, 15, 30696, 1463, 3295, 723, 273, 2969, 14580, 313, 1439, 4373, 33884, 582, 11414, 2284, 575, 683, 19393, 3571, 67, 62, 8058, 326, 323, 247, 3019, 76, 12, 18, 16550, 26717, 4216, 370, 40, 61, 9540, 611, 578, 76, 12, 18, 3303, 326, 310, 13, 247, 4216, 534, 556, 5937, 1420, 1180, 370, 76, 12, 18, 5, 533, 1016, 1463, 749, 10580, 556, 5937, 1420, 1180, 387, 954, 370, 76, 1366, 352, 6556, 3318, 69, 9, 40, 10, 393, 5090, 465, 1040, 55, 9, 40, 8579, 559, 393, 1124, 92, 76, 14, 374, 1217, 76, 63, 19, 559, 374, 76, 428, 19, 8589, 55, 9, 40, 8579, 1890, 604, 370, 76, 61, 5090, 495, 1352, 1198, 2969, 4373, 33884, 13, 271, 1014, 10046, 3033, 369, 11464, 407, 611, 493, 3770, 4530, 285, 659, 466, 2713, 91, 1008, 44, 375, 998, 466, 67, 2941, 1570, 353, 6356, 1954, 76, 285, 43869, 76, 250, 17131, 9327, 1008, 24711, 15992, 250, 520, 62, 8058, 247, 11414, 2284, 14, 881, 3033, 323, 253, 1083, 273, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 14580, 15, 496, 253, 1735, 2593, 13, 342, 253, 1361, 273, 659, 466, 2713, 91, 285, 611, 493, 3770, 4530, 457, 84, 2746, 13, 359, 921, 326, 253, 3033, 671, 6556, 323, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 12171, 4872, 4373, 33884, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 669, 1588, 92, 49, 724, 320, 247, 6032, 21842, 4373, 10580, 2867, 285, 1339, 370, 41, 5, 320, 247, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 4373, 10580, 13, 5727, 370, 45, 5, 310, 247, 1618, 14, 515, 5930, 323, 370, 41, 5, 342, 10493, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 30, 76, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 3822, 2635, 359, 1333, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 1401, 9450, 595, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 424, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 1009, 604, 370, 41, 9, 55, 9, 41, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 18103, 310, 2969, 15, 5488, 13, 604, 370, 41, 5, 310, 247, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 14, 26717, 4373, 10580, 342, 669, 4635, 2850, 437, 9, 41, 8048, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 76, 12, 18, 1366, 359, 1333, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 1401, 9450, 595, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 424, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 604, 370, 41, 5, 310, 12171, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 1009, 323, 690, 1618, 14, 515, 5930, 370, 45, 5, 342, 10493, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 30, 76, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 1009, 824, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 15, 5838, 326, 604, 370, 41, 5, 310, 12171, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 4244, 840, 370, 41, 5, 310, 12171, 4872, 323, 1016, 1618, 14, 515, 5930, 370, 45, 9805, 14127, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 8, 16550, 26717, 285, 326, 10493, 45, 14249, 87, 8579, 30, 93, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 4244, 1580, 323, 253, 1698, 11302, 4373, 33884, 352, 4518, 6556, 370, 55, 9, 41, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 4010, 55, 9, 41, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 8, 3822, 5838, 326, 604, 370, 41, 5, 310, 247, 2969, 4373, 10580, 13, 840, 253, 39443, 4254, 778, 1335, 1421, 281, 7529, 9297, 15, 3932, 352, 588, 320, 3309, 326, 253, 1698, 11302, 4373, 10580, 310, 2969, 13, 359, 878, 281, 2701, 9361, 281, 12171, 4872, 4373, 33884, 15, 5076, 13, 352, 310, 1774, 281, 3877, 326, 604, 669, 1588, 92, 49, 7628, 1588, 92, 48, 3303, 840, 667, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 4373, 10580, 310, 12171, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 1009, 313, 2887, 1008, 44, 375, 998, 466, 67, 2941, 2498, 187, 187, 688, 253, 1563, 13, 1339, 669, 1588, 92, 49, 724, 320, 247, 6032, 21842, 4373, 10580, 2867, 342, 370, 69, 1035, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 83, 393, 5090, 337, 1366, 1339, 370, 76, 393, 5090, 337, 5, 285, 1339, 669, 3005, 30, 21529, 1352, 5488, 13, 1339, 370, 41, 5, 320, 247, 12171, 4872, 4373, 10580, 342, 1675, 281, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 835, 669, 4635, 2850, 437, 30, 76, 12, 18, 5, 323, 690, 370, 76, 393, 5090, 337, 1352, 1281, 370, 79, 30, 93, 41, 23116, 285, 1339, 3318, 66, 1035, 3005, 13, 79, 7182, 3005, 295, 559, 393, 1124, 464, 3005, 14, 19, 2704, 3005, 63, 19, 559, 374, 393, 3005, 428, 374, 94, 79, 4700, 3824, 4388, 310, 281, 5276, 326, 370, 69, 9, 41, 10, 393, 5090, 247, 1035, 3005, 13, 79, 3822, 5838, 326, 253, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 13, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 14, 26717, 12171, 4872, 4373, 33884, 323, 669, 4635, 2850, 437, 9, 41, 8048, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 19, 5, 313, 74, 15, 70, 15, 370, 76, 30, 18, 7884, 403, 4555, 253, 4373, 33884, 432, 669, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 313, 1615, 11506, 575, 1447, 8560, 2582, 34006, 8560, 16354, 67, 10, 285, 1580, 370, 41, 5, 1146, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 13, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 14, 26717, 8018, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 11443, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 342, 370, 45, 9, 87, 7182, 92, 18, 10952, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 1009, 481, 496, 436, 1083, 13, 2299, 13, 253, 7548, 310, 417, 2032, 323, 1142, 3607, 15, 1284, 271, 1650, 1908, 253, 966, 370, 37, 578, 83, 14, 18, 724, 273, 13714, 370, 83, 2911, 42822, 4373, 33884, 15, 2635, 352, 310, 3477, 281, 2451, 326, 669, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 4428, 512, 370, 83, 2911, 12846, 4802, 4373, 33884, 13, 285, 3021, 13, 253, 3033, 4518, 1057, 417, 2186, 323, 370, 83, 393, 5090, 495, 1352, 187, 187, 14131, 13, 275, 253, 1563, 359, 588, 5467, 370, 76, 393, 5090, 374, 5, 285, 13, 3103, 13, 669, 3005, 393, 5090, 374, 1352, 1310, 669, 3005, 30, 19, 1366, 436, 8018, 370, 83, 30, 18, 5, 285, 370, 76, 30, 19, 1352, 2635, 13, 669, 4635, 2850, 437, 9, 41, 8048, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 20, 5, 285, 13, 275, 1798, 13, 627, 310, 247, 1618, 12714, 370, 45, 5, 323, 370, 41, 5, 342, 10493, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 30, 19, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 1009, 824, 326, 370, 41, 14, 87, 5, 310, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 4897, 494, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 4244, 533, 370, 41, 5, 310, 417, 15, 13162, 13, 370, 41, 5, 310, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 13, 285, 13, 407, 11506, 575, 1447, 8560, 2582, 446, 14, 31560, 14, 24913, 16354, 66, 582, 352, 6556, 370, 69, 64, 41, 9, 87, 10, 393, 5090, 391, 93, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 30, 19, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 3822, 3308, 13, 347, 669, 3005, 426, 374, 1366, 352, 35820, 1365, 6556, 370, 69, 9, 41, 1572, 5090, 374, 79, 426, 247, 9, 19, 13, 79, 3822, 7757, 13, 347, 273, 1024, 359 ]	not \in \mathcal{P}$. By Proposition \[prop\_smoothprop\](c), there exists an induced subhypergraph $G$ of $\tilde{H_i}$ such that $G \in \mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$ and, thus, $\delta(G) \geq d(\mathcal{P})=r$. Since $H_i$ is in $\mathcal{P}$ but $G$ is not, $G$ contains a vertex of $H_i'$. Thus, the hypergraph $G'=H_i'[V(G) \cap V(H_i')]$ is non-empty. However, since $H_i'$ is strictly $f_i$-degenerate, there is a vertex $v$ in $G'$ such that $d_{G'}(v) < f_i(v) = r - d_{H_i + v} (v)$ and thus $d_G(v) \leq d_{G'}(v) + d_{H_i+v}(v) < r$, a contradiction. Hence, $B$ is not $f$-partitionable. Since $d_H(v)=r\|L(v)\|$ for all $v \in V(B)$, we obtain that $$\begin{aligned} \sum_{i=1}^p f_i(v) & = \sum_{i \in L(v)}f_i(v) \geq \sum_{i \in L(v)}(r-d_{H_i+v}(v))\\ & = d_H(v) - \sum_{i \in L(v)} d_{H_i+v}(v) \geq d_B(v)\end{aligned}$$ for all $v \in V(B)$. Thus, by Theorem \[Theorem:Hauptsatz\] and as $B$ is a block, $(B,f)$ is of type (M), (K) or (C). If $(B,f)$ is not of type (M), then $B$ is a brick and we are done. Thus assume that $(B,f)$ is of type (M). Then, there is exactly one index $i$ such that $f_i(v) = d_B(v)$ for all $v \in V(B)$ and $f_j(v) = 0$ for $j \neq i$ from the set $\{1,2,\ldots,p\}$. As a consequence, $d_{H_j+v}(v) \geq r$ for all $j \in L(v) \setminus\{i\}$ and thus, $d_B(v) \leq r$ for all $v \in V(B)$. If $B \in \mathcal{P}$, we have $\Delta(B) \leq r$ and there is nothing left to show. If $B \not \in \mathcal{P}$, then by Proposition \[prop\_smoothprop\](c), $B$ contains an induced subhypergraph $B'$ from $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$. Since $d_B(v) \leq r$ for all $v \in V(B)$ and since $\delta(B') \geq d(\mathcal{P})= r$, it must hold $B=B'$ and $d_B(v) = r$ for all $v \in V(B)$. Consequently, $B \in \mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$ and $B$ is $r$-regular. This completes the proof. A Gallai-type bound for the degree sum of critical linear hypergraphs ===================================================================== The topic of finding lower bounds for the number of edges, respectively the degree sum of critical graphs and hypergraphs with respect to some coloring concept has already been examined extensively in the past. Regarding proper colorings of simple graphs (not hypergraphs), Gallai [@Gal63b] proved that for a $(k+1)$-critical graph $G\neq K_{k+1}$, that is, a graph which has chromatic number $k+1$ but each proper subgraph has chromatic number at most $k$, it holds $$d(G) \geq k \|V(G)\| + \frac{k- 2}{k^2 + 2k -2}\|V(G)\|$$ if $k\geq 3$. For simple hypergraphs, an even stronger bound was proven by Kostochka and Stiebitz [@KosStieb03]. Mihók and Škrekovski [@MiSkre01] proved a Gallai-type bound for the case of $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical graphs. In the next section, with the help of Stiebitz and Kostochka’s approach, we show that the bound also holds for $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical locally linear hypergraphs. Let $\mathcal{P}$ be a smooth additive hypergraph property and let $H$ be a $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical hypergraph, whereas $L$ is a list-assignment for $H$ with $\|L(v)\|=k$ for all $v \in V(H)$. Then we say that $H$ is locally linear with respect to $(\mathcal{P},L)$ if $H(V(H,\mathcal{P},L))$ is simple. Furthermore, if $H$ is a $(\chi^\ell,\mathcal{P})$-critical hypergraph with $\chi^\ell(H:\mathcal{P})=k+1$, we say that $H$ is locally linear with respect to $(\chi^\ell,\mathcal{P})$ if $H$ is locally linear with respect to $(\mathcal{P},L)$ for some list-assignment $L$ with $\|L(v)\|=k$ for all $v \in V(H)$ such that $H$ is $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical. Note that if $H$ is locally linear with respect to $(\mathcal{P},L)$, then $H$ is locally linear for each list-assignment $L'$ satisfying that $H$ is $(\mathcal{P},L')$-critical and that $\|L'(v)\|=\|L(v)\|$ for all $v \in V(H)$, since for the low vertex hypergraphs it clearly holds $V(H,\mathcal{P},L)=V(H,\mathcal{P},L')$. Note that if $H$ is a simple hypergraph, then the shrinking operation may still lead to parallel edges. Since it will be necessary that the low vertex hypergraph is simple, we need to limit ourselves to locally linear hypergraphs. Moreover, it is important to note that if $\mathcal{P}=\mathcal{O}$, then any $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical hypergraph is locally linear with respect to $(\mathcal{P},L)$ (see [@KosStieb03]). In the following, let $\mathcal{P}$ be a smooth additive hypergraph property with $d(\mathcal{P})=r \geq 1$, let $k \geq 1$ and let $\delta=kr$. Furthermore, let $H$ be a locally linear hypergraph with respect to $(\chi^\ell,\mathcal{P})$ where $\chi^\ell=k+1$ for some $k \geq 1$. Let $n=\|H\|$ and let $$a(\delta,n)=\delta n + \frac{\delta-2}{\delta^2 + 2 \delta - 2}n.$$ Our aim is to prove that $d(H) \geq a(\delta,n)$. Note that the $(\chi^\ell, \mathcal{P})$-critical locally linear hypergraphs for $\chi^\ell(H:\mathcal{P})=2$ (i.e. $k=1$) are exactly the hypergraphs from $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$ (by Proposition \[prop\_smoothprop\](b) and since $H$ being $(\chi^\ell, \mathcal{P})$-critical implies that $H$ is ($\mathcal{P},L)$-critical with $L(v)=\{1\}$ for all $v \in V(H)$). In this case, however, the boundary is not true for many properties. As an example consider the class $D_{r-1}$ of strictly $r$-degenerate hypergraphs. Then it is easy to check that $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$ contains all $r$-regular connected hypergraphs, and thus, the bound clearly does not hold for $r \geq 3$. Thus, in the following we will assume $k \geq 2$ and, therefore, $\delta \geq 2$. If $\delta=2$, this implies $r=1$ and $k=2$. Then, $\chi^\ell(H:\mathcal{P})=3$ and, in particular, there is a list assignment $L$ for $H$ with $\|L(v)\|=2$ for all $v \in V(H)$ such that $H-v$ is $(\mathcal{P},L)$-colorable for all $v \in V(H)$, but $H$ is not. Consequently, $H$ is $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical, and, by Proposition \[prop\_pl-vertex-crit\](a), it holds $d_H(v) \geq r\|L(v)\|=2$ for all $v \in V(H)$. Thus, as $\delta = 2$, it trivially holds $d(H)\geq 2n = a(2,n)$. Hence, as of now we
[ 342, 779, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4045, 368, 1599, 24944, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4374, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 3524, 368, 1053, 626, 35533, 281, 39589, 253, 3858, 342, 5207, 309, 778, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 3, 44, 8432, 1476, 754, 369, 35954, 407, 253, 42947, 5882, 1255, 273, 617, 4318, 28, 344, 369, 15251, 3006, 27, 346, 44, 8432, 13, 309, 1353, 7016, 15, 4683, 2282, 309, 1904, 626, 1599, 964, 964, 964, 1198, 31089, 479, 15, 309, 871, 309, 452, 642, 987, 281, 1333, 964, 964, 964, 1292, 368, 923, 13, 309, 1849, 1900, 557, 44939, 779, 449, 187, 187, 2993, 11373, 305, 4170, 13, 347, 604, 2717, 574, 4592, 13, 285, 25661, 715, 253, 12195, 273, 253, 3497, 25803, 13, 13661, 521, 9881, 34304, 15, 187, 187, 3, 5498, 626, 7664, 937, 703, 18017, 285, 13, 4886, 1977, 432, 779, 13, 3531, 13, 18577, 617, 4707, 13, 15950, 387, 779, 949, 253, 29671, 1070, 24811, 247, 17834, 273, 824, 5890, 13, 45531, 4685, 326, 344, 7270, 521, 6345, 13, 30607, 407, 253, 4279, 597, 497, 7496, 272, 2366, 13, 2190, 26636, 13, 323, 253, 806, 673, 15, 187, 187, 55, 284, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 2206, 3815, 275, 247, 7145, 13, 762, 247, 18067, 13, 285, 253, 1708, 273, 247, 9461, 2206, 249, 21290, 1160, 521, 3168, 4707, 14863, 15, 754, 3261, 387, 253, 439, 47587, 4669, 13, 387, 253, 4668, 19269, 273, 2872, 6269, 1346, 13, 387, 253, 4797, 23010, 273, 11283, 6126, 8765, 326, 6007, 12997, 25854, 598, 281, 253, 16720, 13, 275, 2602, 13, 3790, 10212, 13, 751, 247, 5536, 13, 13955, 7802, 25317, 7808, 13, 387, 247, 5328, 2831, 327, 247, 2806, 43716, 28865, 1475, 418, 32922, 434, 13386, 13, 247, 6627, 13673, 45512, 253, 23010, 2439, 253, 2316, 15, 187, 187, 44, 8432, 13781, 285, 2206, 1066, 12200, 779, 15, 754, 869, 8659, 617, 1133, 13, 285, 753, 2717, 13, 285, 3260, 326, 703, 3260, 15, 2635, 344, 753, 13, 347, 604, 703, 574, 3560, 521, 440, 33065, 7906, 27, 22746, 964, 964, 309, 5082, 626, 2564, 594, 1199, 604, 344, 7636, 617, 15, 1292, 344, 2506, 626, 15, 964, 964, 964, 611, 8432, 13, 368, 871, 13, 672, 344, 369, 247, 1652, 5006, 342, 824, 1943, 2806, 2927, 13, 309, 908, 281, 1007, 387, 619, 6383, 13, 1110, 16901, 326, 497, 751, 20858, 273, 802, 7100, 265, 13, 285, 309, 13876, 534, 581, 273, 731, 369, 253, 3101, 273, 253, 1652, 10763, 13, 5675, 598, 9366, 13, 665, 13, 690, 1388, 13, 651, 320, 619, 6122, 13, 1512, 15, 964, 964, 964, 12238, 368, 1313, 2398, 25059, 434, 4651, 13, 611, 8432, 865, 187, 187, 19393, 1758, 8939, 18540, 2072, 574, 944, 25466, 24944, 28, 703, 369, 3981, 12833, 20595, 27, 22746, 964, 964, 594, 9995, 368, 1472, 5547, 13, 24944, 15, 309, 1849, 1900, 753, 326, 247, 15925, 2872, 637, 13, 751, 368, 13, 651, 452, 642, 7596, 387, 512, 15, 2064, 7619, 273, 611, 8432, 434, 310, 27231, 15, 309, 1353, 594, 5211, 281, 923, 752, 1175, 1557, 368, 1379, 273, 619, 1652, 3226, 15, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 35419, 2206, 327, 253, 4430, 273, 247, 6951, 13598, 407, 2502, 14, 24818, 46980, 444, 661, 2146, 15, 754, 18274, 2810, 281, 617, 13, 5877, 521, 19555, 281, 1708, 253, 581, 387, 617, 11233, 15, 46980, 574, 816, 32806, 617, 2626, 5938, 28, 703, 34774, 617, 2927, 762, 253, 1048, 2502, 29246, 84, 285, 18017, 18987, 7535, 15, 1583, 497, 17053, 23727, 15, 187, 187, 9709, 25059, 13781, 4522, 301, 314, 285, 2335, 9964, 434, 1133, 342, 247, 43331, 90, 4866, 273, 820, 371, 5704, 15, 754, 47362, 521, 1133, 1977, 28, 344, 753, 34456, 314, 27, 346, 1231, 476, 626, 18369, 776, 12958, 13, 2398, 25059, 15, 9870, 13, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 310, 3815, 15, 3617, 285, 2312, 281, 617, 449, 187, 187, 9709, 25059, 20090, 264, 1547, 44444, 15, 46980, 434, 17834, 3560, 617, 949, 247, 11720, 273, 11283, 28, 46980, 7320, 617, 2159, 27768, 598, 285, 13405, 617, 1048, 13, 6906, 9246, 15, 187, 187, 3, 24804, 937, 753, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 5412, 314, 342, 271, 22713, 273, 2457, 6265, 13, 346, 42, 2550, 1333, 326, 309, 28858, 4187, 368, 2220, 634, 4327, 13, 1176, 24830, 31274, 287, 6156, 15, 329, 2032, 354, 1059, 6656, 1057, 417, 17129, 562, 273, 617, 966, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1989, 13, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 937, 2398, 25059, 36790, 13, 331, 48772, 71, 728, 13, 346, 35419, 310, 247, 7021, 3558, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1849, 1900, 753, 326, 253, 4803, 273, 7021, 11341, 497, 417, 10481, 7654, 937, 753, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 15, 187, 187, 9709, 25059, 37560, 372, 6499, 314, 949, 253, 9539, 273, 12958, 15, 1621, 581, 3261, 387, 617, 285, 703, 574, 2717, 281, 1333, 15, 1500, 3047, 27818, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 3815, 407, 253, 14664, 292, 13, 27535, 598, 20321, 285, 17543, 15, 1500, 13781, 779, 285, 11373, 16063, 5954, 15, 754, 3261, 387, 617, 13, 47096, 15, 1500, 753, 342, 7441, 13, 1077, 4541, 13, 29156, 314, 13, 3515, 617, 3000, 2366, 13, 787, 7849, 27, 346, 42, 871, 368, 1053, 626, 751, 479, 13, 27818, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 15, 1292, 13, 368, 923, 13, 309, 964, 964, 964, 309, 2389, 779, 594, 1199, 449, 187, 187, 55, 284, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 3261, 387, 617, 13, 840, 753, 27, 346, 1147, 434, 1077, 5322, 13, 1429, 937, 521, 4318, 2048, 1417, 15, 187, 187, 9709, 25059, 434, 2021, 2206, 275, 247, 3644, 7145, 13, 30551, 13, 2298, 583, 13, 20032, 15, 4058, 3392, 283, 66, 4806, 11802, 13, 11978, 14, 37128, 637, 275, 247, 12954, 434, 787, 1312, 285, 869, 2147, 39150, 283, 498, 4938, 264, 1048, 13, 1067, 24695, 3564, 689, 521, 12267, 28, 521, 2454, 13, 342, 247, 17123, 41048, 273, 247, 6208, 13, 18274, 3579, 13, 521, 26885, 13, 15925, 2927, 12392, 253, 2316, 4229, 314, 28, 521, 2927, 497, 3644, 285, 2872, 327, 247, 19311, 23258, 2454, 15, 3032, 4475, 288, 40747, 4522, 301, 314, 3212, 779, 13, 23915, 301, 285, 439, 522, 6134, 275, 247, 2685, 2122, 1724, 4173, 7619, 13, 617, 2454, 751, 247, 41240, 16838, 11974, 407, 1142, 42229, 715, 247, 22544, 13, 7107, 11978, 15, 2398, 25059, 434, 2872, 4929, 13, 247, 298, 1164, 90, 5006, 273, 4314, 13, 6225, 5877, 4830, 521, 3101, 434, 27768, 13, 15950, 11790, 13, 20634, 49781, 387, 1652, 5192, 571, 15, 187, 187, 35419, 7416, 367, 8526, 5619, 254, 729, 285, 247, 1387, 273, 1264, 1821, 275, 16269, 19708, 1507, 15, 754, 13222, 581, 4430, 1475, 5619, 254, 729, 434, 13574, 285, 253, 643, 1475, 1110, 273, 253, 14385, 273, 616, 7021, 11641, 28, 344, 18274, 327, 731, 1097, 13, 48867, 13, 13224, 1365, 13, 521, 3644, 2927, 18727, 15, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 13, 17682, 13, 3735, 779, 24476, 27, 22746, 964, 964, 4754, 13, 309, 1353, 9979, 273, 619, 4475, 434, 2021, 285, 616, 22564, 1924, 15, 4058, 3392, 283, 5658, 871, 283, 248, 369, 385, 4206, 281, 46634, 571, 13, 762, 253, 330, 34185, 449, 187, 187, 2115, 24830, 322, 9409, 25995, 27, 346, 2115, 24830, 399, 9821, 1173, 310, 247, 1077, 7060, 637, 449, 187, 187, 34571, 9964, 4543, 5619, 254, 729, 10490, 253, 10541, 273, 617, 4318, 15, 5619, 254, 729, 36790, 27, 346, 35419, 434, 581, 273, 776, 1682, 5820, 13, 322, 9409, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 753, 1176, 24830, 399, 9821, 1173, 310, 1077, 7060, 937, 703, 6015, 13, 285, 2879, 27, 346, 42, 5082, 626, 5545, 521, 966, 22964, 15, 309, 1353, 2119, 344, 574, 2717, 275, 1846, 342, 869, 695, 757, 24173, 824, 347, 326, 47422, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 689, 627, 449, 187, 187, 49, 8526, 5619, 254, 729, 3261, 4229, 314, 387, 24944, 434, 10086, 4677, 23767, 689, 46980, 444, 661, 2146, 15, 754, 2546, 27, 346, 27128, 13, 9964, 13, 326, 637, 434, 1416, 283, 262, 434, 13202, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 13, 3548, 626, 352, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4015, 80, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 13, 4754, 15, 754, 434, 247, 1077, 11761, 3331, 273, 619, 19338, 434, 15, 6049, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 2717, 15, 13529, 387, 512, 449, 187, 187, 4015, 80, 8344, 611, 8432, 285, 23085, 74, 7063, 1930, 407, 1930, 327, 247, 3497, 46660, 15, 754, 33766, 281, 46980, 13, 665, 22638, 34456, 314, 13, 285, 7428, 2584, 731, 7808, 15, 187, 187, 3, 8096, 309, 4996, 27951, 865, 344, 2546, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3650, 387, 512, 937, 753, 611, 8432, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 2206, 1066, 12200, 617, 15, 754, 2335, 562, 521, 5328, 19555, 1083, 285, 13, 5909, 352, 13, 2918, 352, 562, 281, 617, 15, 1500, 11898, 617, 1481, 15, 754, 2918, 352, 689, 281, 23085, 74, 15, 23085, 74, 2335, 247, 19555, 15, 24944, 16535, 3579, 281, 1708, 352, 13, 25661, 689, 611, 8432, 15, 187, 187, 3, 52, 1118, 1497, 1146, 253, 7583, 5859, 273, 634, 7021, 937, 753, 24944, 13, 346, 9903, 626, 368, 1089, 436, 12142, 271, 8120, 273, 1798, 1600, 13, 1176, 24830, 308, 12043, 729, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 13, 47422, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1909, 271, 5107, 281, 10018, 253, 5667, 4293, 307, 1430, 273, 1966, 3753, 15, 329, 7875, 323, 4606, 273, 1375, 310, 581, 273, 253, 17172, 25828, 273, 28473, 15, 733, 574, 1900, 644, 15237, 494, 281, 17129, 715, 253, 10362, 966, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 1364, 4456, 937, 753, 23085, 74, 13, 346, 783, 2675, 966, 281, 534, 253, 1436, 7514, 14125, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 25333, 1476, 753, 611, 8432, 15, 346, 3726, 1472, 275, 2389, 342, 1016, 643, 449, 187, 187, 3, 23337, 937, 753, 24944, 13, 346, 261, 417, 629, 273, 253, 11727, 273, 1176, 24830, 308, 12043, 729, 434, 7021, 15, 1680, 352, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 310, 247, 1953, 326, 556, 642, 1921, 281, 1600, 368, 937, 23085, 74, 9577, 15, 187, 187, 3, 15413, 79, 626, 352, 865, 24944, 2546, 7808, 13, 2819, 387, 779, 15, 346, 2773, 434, 752, 309, 1353, 2820, 281, 1089, 562, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2513, 352, 247, 1953, 326, 40878, 634, 964, 964, 964, 3762, 327, 253, 2256, 865, 23085, 74, 2546, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 15, 309, 1158, 352, 8525, 619, 3762, 15, 1422, 923, 13, 619, 3762, 310, 326, 2758, 273, 634, 7021, 452, 247, 14955, 281, 1659, 616, 5615, 21044, 1029, 1840, 616, 1211, 966, 449, 754, 369, 2819, 4951, 387, 23085, 74, 13, 533, 344, 8042, 19679, 13, 342, 521, 19555, 13, 387, 2398, 25059, 2439, 253, 2316, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2042, 597, 513, 937, 23085, 74, 9577, 7808, 13, 346, 9328, 1472, 417, 1900, 28008, 449, 754, 369, 2819, 4951, 387, 611, 8432, 13, 533, 344, 8042, 387, 9964, 15, 187, 187, 3, 9709, 25059, 4453, 5211, 937, 753, 611, 8432, 15, 346, 4967, 513, 368, 23381, 352, 13, 24944, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 23381, 253, 43837, 22797, 273, 3858, 26836, 24944, 3407, 15, 187, 187, 49407, 10002, 513, 417, 871, 253, 2701, 273, 247, 19429, 434, 3570, 937, 23085, 74, 6699, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 31586, 937, 753, 611, 8432, 13, 346, 664, 1472, 417, 1146, 9391, 386, 281, 964, 964, 964, 2398, 25059, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1353, 7016, 937, 344, 753, 44753, 15, 346, 42, 1353, 2119, 47422, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 1912, 626, 23452, 1676, 479, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1053, 626, 937, 753, 24944, 15, 187, 187, 22795, 1758, 574, 21817, 17543, 327, 492, 698, 285, 27818, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 574, 6898, 731, 15, 1500, 4817, 731, 281, 253, 12958, 13, 18727, 39559, 387, 253, 3564, 326, 2335, 253, 17543, 28, 617, 8580, 369, 25036, 13, 38647, 28, 703, 369, 11561, 13, 534, 369, 11555, 323, 617, 15, 187, 187, 510, 492, 698, 497, 5766, 728, 34304, 28, 253, 12958, 2918, 253, 17543, 37774, 13, 34456, 314, 15, 9964, 9461, 285, 253, 502, 2569, 273, 15547, 6331, 2159, 275, 247, 30551, 10837, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3220, 11761, 3858, 937, 9964, 434, 4318, 369, 2590, 13, 31764, 342, 521, 5890, 383, 12407, 284, 6460, 13, 346, 42, 452, 642, 3000, 281, 6266, 619, 3676, 27579, 281 ]	with him?" "Do you mean Leo?" "Yes." "I hope you don't presume to dictate the friends with whom I may . . ." "Kira!" He was startled by the icy firmness of her voice; he was apologizing: "Kira, I'm sorry. Of course I didn't mean . . . Forgive me. I know I have no right to say . . . But you see, I've always disliked him." She smiled gaily, as if nothing had happened, and leaning into the shadow of the window niche, pressed his fingers swiftly. "Don't worry," she whispered and, moving away from him, turned, shaking her hair, throwing at him through the tousled locks a glance of such warm, sparkling understanding that he caught his breath, thrilled by the secret they were guarding together, among strangers, for the first time. Vasili Ivanovitch sat alone in a corner, under a lamp, and the light of a rose satin shade made his white hair pink. He looked at the shuffling feet, at the military boots of young Communists, at the blue fog of smoke streaks that billowed halfway up to the ceiling, in soft, round waves, like a heavy, transparent mixture boiling slowly, at a gold cross on a black velvet ribbon around Lydia's throat, a bright spark piercing the fog across the room. Kira approached and sat down beside him. He patted her hand, and said nothing, and knew that she knew. Then he said, as if she had followed his unspoken thoughts: ". . . I wouldn't mind so much if he loved her. But he doesn't. . . . Kira, you know, when he was a little boy with such big black eyes, I used to look at my customers, those ladies that were like paintings of empresses, and I wondered which one of them was the mother of the little beauty, growing up somewhere, who, some day, would be my daughter, too. . . . Have you met Marisha's parents, Kira?" Galina Petrovna had cornered Leo; she was saying enthusiastically: ". . . so glad you're successful, Leo. I've always said that a brilliant young man, like you, would have no trouble at all. That dress of Kira's is magnificent. I'm so happy to see what good care you take of my little girl. . . ." Victor sat on the arm of a chair occupied by red-headed Rita Eksler. He leaned close to her, holding his cigarette to light the one at her lips. Rita had just divorced her third husband; she narrowed her eyes under the long red bangs and whispered confidential advice. They were laughing softly. Marisha approached timidly and took Victor's hand with a clumsy movement of coquetry. He jerked his hand away; he said impatiently: "We can't neglect our guests, Marisha. Look, Comrade Sonia is alone. Go and talk to her." Marisha obeyed humbly. Rita's glance followed her through a jet of smoke; Rita pulled her short skirt up and crossed her long, thin legs. "Indeed," said Comrade Sonia coldly with an accent of final authority, "I cannot say that I congratulate you upon your choice, Comrade Lavrova. A true proletarian does not marry out of her class." "But, Comrade Sonia," Marisha protested, stupefied, "Victor is a Party member." "I've always said that the rules of Party admission were not sufficiently strict," said Comrade Sonia. Marisha wandered dejectedly through the crowd of guests. No one looked at her and she had nothing to say. She saw Vasili Ivanovitch alone by the buffet, lining up bottles and glasses. She approached him and smiled hesitantly. He looked at her, astonished. She said with determination, very quickly, bluntly, running her words together, blushing: "I know you don't like me, Vasili Ivanovitch. But, you see, I . . . I love him so much." Vasili Ivanovitch looked at her, then said: "It's very nice, child," his voice expressionless. Marisha's family sat in a dark corner, solemn, morose, uncomfortable. Her father--a stooped, gray-haired man in a worker's blouse and patched trousers--clasped long, calloused hands over his knee; his face, with a bitter slash of a mouth, leaned forward, his fierce, brilliant eyes studying the room fixedly; his eyes were dark and young on a withered face. His wife huddled timidly behind him, pallid and shapeless in a flowered calico dress, her face like a sandy shore washed by many rains into a dull, quiet gray. Marisha's young brother, a lanky boy of eight, stood holding onto his mother's skirt, throwing angry, suspicious glances at little Acia. Victor joined Pavel Syerov and a group of three men in leather jackets. He threw one arm around Syerov's shoulders and the other around those of the secretary of their Party Cell; he leaned on them both, intimately, confidentially, his dark eyes smiling. Comrade Sonia, approaching, heard him whisper: ". . . yes, I'm proud of my wife's family and their revolutionary record. Her father--you know--he was exiled to Siberia, under the Czar." Comrade Sonia remarked: "Comrade Dunaev is a very smart man." Neither Victor nor Syerov liked the tone of her voice. Syerov protested: "Victor's one of our best workers, Sonia." "I said Comrade Dunaev is very smart," she repeated, and added: "I wouldn't doubt his class loyalty. I'm sure he had nothing in common with patrician gentlemen such as that Citizen Kovalensky over there." Pavel Syerov looked fixedly at Leo's tall figure bending over Rita Eksler. He asked: "Say, Victor, that man's name--it's Lev Kovalensky, isn't it?" "Leo Kovalensky, yes. He's a very dear friend of my cousin's. Why?" "Oh, nothing. Nothing at all." Leo noticed Kira and Andrei sitting side by side on a window sill. He bowed to Rita, who shrugged impatiently, and walked toward them slowly. "Am I intruding?" he asked. "Not at all," said Kira. He sat down beside her. He took out his gold cigarette case and, opening it, held it out to her. She shook her head. He held it over to Andrei. Andrei took a cigarette. Leo bent forward to light it, leaning over Kira. "Sociology being the favorite science of your Party," said Leo, "don't you find this wedding an occasion of particular interest, Comrade Taganov?" "Why, Citizen Kovalensky?" "As an opportunity to observe the essential immutability of human nature. A marriage for reasons of state is one of the oldest customs of mankind. It had always been advisable to marry into the ruling class." "You must remember," said Andrei, "the social class to which the person concerned belongs." "Oh, nonsense!" said Kira. "They're in love with each other." "Love," said Leo, "is not part of the philosophy of Comrade Taganov's Party. Is it?" "It is a question that has no reason to interest you," Andrei answered. "Hasn't it?" Leo asked slowly, looking at him. "That's what I'm trying to find out." "Is it a question that contradicts your . . . theory on the subject?" Andrei asked. "No. I think it supports my theory. You see, my theory is that members of your Party have a tendency to place their sexual desires high above their own class." He was looking straight at Andrei, but he pointed lightly, with his cigarette, at Marisha across the room. "If they do," Andrei answered slowly, "they're not always unsuccessful." He was looking straight at Kira, but he pointed at Victor. "Marisha looks happy," said Kira. "Why do you resent it, Leo?" "I resent the arrogant presumption of friends--" Leo began. "--who do not know the limit of a friendship's rights," Andrei finished. "Andrei," said Kira, "we're not being gallant to . . . Marisha." "I'm sorry," he said hastily. "I'm sure Citizen Kovalensky won't misunderstand me." "I don't," said Leo. Irina had lined glasses on trays and Vasili Ivanovitch had filled them. She passed them to the guests, smiling vaguely at the hands that took the glasses; her smile was resigned, indifferent; she was silent, which was unusual for her. The trays were emptied swiftly; the guests held the glasses eagerly, impatiently. Victor rose and the clatter of voices stopped short in a solemn silence. "My dear friends," Victor's voice was clear, vibrant with his warmest persuasiveness, "I have no words to describe my deep gratitude to
[ 15486, 15, 50276, 5035, 253, 43512, 1873, 187, 4, 5939, 342, 436, 789, 323, 3081, 1491, 187, 4, 5001, 9451, 12851, 15, 50276, 510, 322, 6739, 23937, 436, 1873, 187, 4, 281, 368, 762, 253, 14325, 4637, 13, 11099, 374, 15, 17, 313, 783, 187, 4, 346, 17736, 3287, 368, 778, 417, 897, 436, 1873, 3707, 275, 10276, 187, 4, 342, 253, 4637, 15, 50276, 1394, 778, 4044, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 4637, 387, 187, 4, 187, 4, 50275, 2413, 1358, 2700, 15, 8418, 15, 2061, 16, 17130, 16, 17821, 14, 19, 15, 17, 187, 4, 187, 4, 15999, 2424, 407, 7763, 1569, 390, 5821, 281, 275, 4028, 13, 187, 4, 3694, 5939, 762, 253, 4637, 310, 5939, 327, 271, 187, 4, 346, 1719, 4110, 3, 23440, 13, 15002, 15466, 4145, 22998, 3481, 9103, 187, 4, 19329, 13, 2057, 3890, 390, 10466, 15, 50276, 5035, 253, 4637, 323, 253, 187, 4, 2173, 3448, 13200, 15607, 285, 7364, 187, 4, 762, 253, 4637, 15, 535, 187, 2437, 27319, 8880, 9, 6082, 2262, 535, 50274, 33959, 426, 470, 187, 50274, 46, 1838, 37, 1843, 426, 337, 187, 50274, 42147, 426, 374, 187, 23064, 882, 422, 1318, 273, 20204, 8188, 3756, 323, 5161, 15460, 18323, 273, 1327, 32557, 1245, 5988, 11843, 15, 187, 6067, 8103, 369, 281, 3653, 253, 15970, 1318, 273, 20204, 8188, 3756, 323, 1781, 5161, 313, 1047, 14, 45870, 10, 15460, 18323, 273, 1327, 32557, 1245, 5988, 11843, 15, 16244, 90, 14, 12496, 33537, 273, 11439, 5988, 11843, 20714, 29716, 13751, 15, 5587, 303, 561, 4645, 14086, 2144, 327, 20204, 8188, 3756, 497, 8131, 281, 320, 10401, 28, 13751, 4645, 10444, 14, 390, 1698, 14, 20425, 2144, 497, 8131, 281, 320, 27370, 74, 1530, 6932, 15, 5587, 38498, 42561, 285, 1872, 11036, 9522, 4342, 497, 9578, 323, 1016, 20204, 970, 12232, 36348, 281, 1616, 2060, 13751, 15, 4683, 253, 29716, 13751, 13, 30761, 313, 3121, 2673, 6221, 10401, 2144, 8612, 273, 253, 15411, 13, 342, 247, 2173, 6120, 6786, 323, 11487, 313, 1525, 2673, 273, 11439, 10429, 313, 3763, 21690, 13, 1384, 17566, 481, 4683, 253, 26675, 11999, 4508, 14086, 2144, 13, 30783, 313, 4739, 2673, 8058, 281, 320, 10401, 28, 1903, 313, 1093, 2673, 273, 9743, 13751, 4508, 760, 1698, 14, 20425, 2144, 8058, 281, 320, 10401, 15, 4683, 253, 2030, 313, 26, 2673, 273, 26675, 13751, 4508, 8188, 32414, 14086, 533, 27370, 74, 1530, 6932, 2144, 13, 1283, 313, 3547, 2673, 2692, 18560, 19990, 285, 574, 9829, 253, 15411, 28, 1458, 313, 3245, 2673, 273, 1283, 824, 13751, 497, 2797, 275, 14086, 39897, 46122, 15, 380, 2762, 15970, 1318, 273, 20204, 8188, 3756, 369, 2145, 313, 2313, 2673, 273, 2145, 275, 14126, 25960, 28, 10484, 313, 4196, 2673, 273, 5096, 275, 25960, 342, 8723, 17485, 5713, 6375, 1373, 792, 3603, 28, 11583, 313, 3953, 2673, 273, 10694, 275, 6895, 6679, 4087, 14086, 25960, 28, 285, 4791, 313, 1967, 2673, 273, 2456, 275, 25960, 342, 6685, 14086, 39897, 46122, 15, 4683, 253, 1668, 10429, 19958, 14166, 302, 514, 1037, 13, 20204, 8188, 3756, 6518, 2939, 253, 16273, 1974, 273, 3302, 10491, 275, 1264, 313, 746, 10970, 496, 2800, 313, 26, 2673, 273, 9934, 3347, 32414, 18107, 33537, 13, 760, 581, 390, 767, 13751, 812, 320, 2797, 28, 20204, 8188, 3756, 6518, 441, 3283, 1880, 2144, 369, 10599, 323, 6120, 15, 7754, 74, 3756, 273, 5161, 13751, 2797, 432, 1327, 32557, 1245, 5988, 11843, 13613, 12957, 253, 50172, 273, 10491, 5734, 253, 5988, 39897, 46122, 310, 6685, 14086, 15, 6102, 8993, 6803, 476, 1361, 5416, 10599, 2144, 432, 10429, 326, 403, 2834, 281, 18323, 285, 476, 7624, 3157, 253, 10401, 4917, 273, 1781, 5161, 15460, 5988, 18323, 15, 1394, 403, 1060, 187, 187, 53, 21728, 333, 9651, 281, 1294, 1257, 2745, 4330, 457, 84, 14645, 187, 187, 53, 21728, 333, 3228, 367, 11236, 9061, 403, 16472, 5839, 327, 253, 19796, 187, 26975, 273, 247, 655, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 5086, 1119, 275, 367, 1822, 76, 31927, 333, 13, 4033, 606, 333, 24380, 495, 13, 12636, 261, 333, 3228, 187, 16576, 818, 27, 361, 247, 15, 78, 15, 6926, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5487, 369, 1996, 3636, 407, 3513, 9061, 13, 2556, 281, 187, 15705, 28030, 2006, 251, 261, 11957, 2339, 13, 347, 27687, 6470, 25151, 10512, 904, 3692, 2133, 369, 1119, 275, 247, 187, 40298, 66, 45051, 275, 253, 2170, 2168, 275, 247, 1375, 273, 14717, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 12321, 247, 33178, 13908, 10785, 327, 521, 896, 15, 187, 187, 7130, 281, 521, 3101, 253, 5487, 369, 1390, 2326, 687, 6472, 275, 253, 6773, 2245, 767, 187, 11015, 1078, 521, 2133, 369, 1119, 15, 187, 187, 24195, 671, 5575, 326, 253, 5487, 574, 2045, 2219, 273, 19610, 275, 253, 187, 40579, 486, 285, 369, 3786, 31505, 272, 15465, 5929, 50, 27, 187, 187, 4045, 667, 17250, 251, 36775, 14693, 1581, 6278, 14, 8124, 9602, 342, 49183, 22881, 32, 187, 187, 3039, 581, 4648, 247, 17250, 251, 49183, 313, 37681, 14, 36, 10, 6568, 327, 271, 36775, 6568, 2133, 13, 253, 6568, 8356, 19413, 247, 346, 33321, 17177, 4438, 995, 970, 760, 253, 4055, 5110, 273, 253, 8468, 281, 3761, 253, 49183, 5981, 13, 347, 5544, 327, 17250, 251, 434, 4384, 2670, 15, 187, 510, 36775, 5981, 310, 11467, 5540, 6027, 1348, 2188, 13, 1223, 49183, 310, 2164, 6027, 1036, 2188, 13, 285, 352, 434, 436, 4577, 1979, 326, 49183, 17177, 4438, 4648, 15, 17766, 326, 253, 2159, 5024, 273, 253, 36775, 5981, 310, 4503, 281, 253, 1048, 5024, 273, 49183, 1905, 285, 273, 2282, 253, 2460, 9096, 310, 9670, 3790, 13, 417, 691, 5056, 15, 3166, 667, 17250, 251, 2120, 14, 6301, 14693, 1581, 247, 346, 15044, 49183, 3, 5981, 13, 2057, 2164, 6027, 1348, 2188, 313, 3113, 690, 1896, 362, 525, 33513, 275, 253, 9559, 18803, 10, 390, 5777, 3777, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 52, 8974, 5981, 310, 417, 4516, 13, 533, 608, 27, 21, 4809, 4313, 5907, 407, 399, 20, 13, 399, 20, 84, 13, 399, 10695, 285, 399, 10695, 38, 310, 760, 5777, 14200, 13, 1884, 2188, 15, 380, 5322, 2181, 310, 326, 253, 1859, 31732, 310, 44183, 34741, 13, 594, 368, 476, 38530, 342, 1175, 12320, 15, 831, 4809, 4313, 310, 417, 2530, 327, 247, 399, 14744, 390, 399, 20, 89, 15, 187, 42297, 13, 368, 812, 1900, 17177, 275, 1501, 15, 187, 4527, 2282, 13, 368, 1833, 671, 878, 281, 19495, 17252, 49183, 330, 1658, 15, 535, 510, 378, 314, 394, 14469, 187, 187, 21595, 2568, 38194, 13, 253, 378, 314, 394, 310, 13399, 26634, 504, 34598, 387, 697, 1682, 28, 4158, 281, 320, 33398, 533, 25040, 13, 4933, 368, 253, 18997, 273, 32196, 715, 3684, 88, 744, 3811, 15, 329, 12725, 2920, 1275, 4063, 1428, 2021, 1408, 8614, 816, 608, 2909, 2940, 432, 3684, 88, 744, 457, 84, 8530, 10688, 1020, 11600, 288, 14298, 390, 253, 3874, 9145, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 273, 776, 1249, 37445, 342, 546, 14, 42877, 8158, 390, 16846, 13, 452, 644, 13990, 5954, 49879, 1309, 247, 3332, 1275, 4063, 8922, 15, 1284, 247, 2021, 1408, 2136, 13, 359, 3959, 4116, 281, 2508, 275, 1046, 1039, 285, 12215, 368, 457, 620, 1089, 352, 1892, 281, 3553, 15, 22893, 8737, 187, 187, 49157, 968, 7703, 8085, 273, 1728, 14, 395, 14, 9511, 4632, 15, 16336, 373, 187, 187, 1615, 187, 26946, 23777, 356, 77, 2610, 187, 16, 22037, 15, 681, 187, 187, 52, 2925, 13045, 313, 26, 14, 1508, 14, 20, 10, 387, 11324, 54, 11965, 313, 1508, 14, 740, 14, 19, 10, 187, 187, 12101, 27, 7852, 40, 14, 35, 13, 427, 1410, 47, 187, 187, 8693, 884, 27, 28299, 577, 14, 21, 14, 19, 28, 9693, 818, 14, 20, 14, 17, 187, 187, 38547, 2962, 27, 380, 28299, 16336, 373, 16473, 253, 9693, 12810, 968, 577, 14, 19, 327, 8216, 846, 28417, 374, 14, 18, 3563, 275, 253, 1273, 2180, 15, 9693, 1912, 253, 806, 2165, 13, 671, 387, 28299, 13, 608, 14, 19, 327, 3821, 15, 3495, 13, 342, 767, 2626, 14, 17911, 7342, 432, 5684, 1342, 308, 410, 90, 611, 2371, 15, 187, 187, 5178, 2926, 27, 28299, 556, 1912, 767, 275, 247, 4194, 275, 7248, 323, 253, 806, 673, 436, 2952, 28, 352, 556, 417, 1912, 1264, 275, 247, 4194, 275, 667, 5133, 15, 4683, 253, 16336, 373, 8, 7457, 14896, 13, 1264, 403, 1411, 253, 12810, 968, 13, 8742, 9757, 20567, 285, 5003, 7924, 1608, 7969, 313, 17182, 394, 13, 7002, 285, 20117, 275, 253, 22037, 1462, 723, 2720, 281, 7814, 481, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1902, 544, 39392, 62, 281, 3164, 320, 247, 1652, 14004, 670, 253, 2957, 937, 16336, 373, 5684, 1342, 10035, 37247, 2183, 253, 2285, 4422, 15, 346, 42, 1158, 359, 1849, 1900, 4546, 731, 1892, 285, 352, 434, 1900, 644, 247, 1892, 14, 71, 1224, 2165, 15, 309, 1353, 417, 1512, 11926, 670, 2712, 15, 733, 434, 1900, 1805, 672, 368, 1472, 715, 253, 2165, 672, 952, 403, 16116, 368, 285, 368, 1472, 16116, 731, 896, 13, 285, 368, 1472, 715, 253, 20303, 275, 2914, 273, 253, 2036, 449, 187, 187, 25804, 1810, 1714, 27, 187, 187, 52, 357, 373, 27, 28299, 9288, 3579, 18077, 316, 473, 4698, 275, 247, 5454, 8216, 285, 588, 1691, 779, 281, 789, 7814, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 1833, 1379, 247, 6308, 275, 253, 25775, 937, 26964, 8690, 17446, 46831, 753, 6794, 13, 2556, 281, 253, 28299, 6317, 15, 346, 42, 1353, 417, 2233, 2558, 2119, 4555, 835, 359, 1833, 1691, 779, 2568, 533, 344, 1833, 1132, 10873, 2360, 449, 187, 187, 510, 16336, 373, 403, 2159, 247, 3579, 846, 48545, 28940, 72, 1665, 12321, 247, 20051, 4975, 14589, 247, 5103, 407, 611, 2371, 275, 253, 806, 2180, 8216, 15, 46831, 753, 28940, 72, 1665, 651, 320, 562, 346, 28489, 247, 2129, 390, 767, 390, 1264, 15, 309, 1353, 417, 2119, 449, 187, 187, 48, 4698, 13, 3436, 13, 4546, 581, 2165, 436, 2952, 323, 253, 45053, 17226, 398, 13, 665, 2959, 247, 17697, 15515, 14, 4650, 7482, 2619, 275, 1091, 15, 754, 369, 7002, 275, 253, 2448, 31328, 6884, 342, 3285, 2792, 275, 3285, 3958, 323, 17360, 3228, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 434, 2970, 3965, 2810, 937, 8690, 39107, 9218, 1914, 2183, 253, 9693, 31566, 846, 3946, 6794, 15, 346, 23918, 27459, 352, 434, 247, 2647, 273, 2165, 14, 936, 14, 13197, 987, 1024, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 871, 2568, 544, 10383, 253, 2165, 7814, 1092, 533, 309, 5082, 626, 3630, 779, 745, 449, 187, 187, 11773, 3864, 13774, 11210, 626, 4546, 436, 1770, 984, 273, 247, 2406, 14, 2915, 4975, 2361, 281, 320, 247, 7753, 249, 3785, 13, 5816, 4314, 3958, 313, 22, 14, 20, 14, 17, 481, 380, 12810, 968, 812, 3343, 1919, 846, 253, 1264, 14, 1201, 9449, 2740, 281, 1918, 779, 247, 1652, 625, 7355, 673, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 3524, 326, 434, 417, 253, 1083, 937, 3044, 3864, 13774, 2183, 253, 31566, 15, 346, 42, 971, 281, 320, 896, 4882, 347, 3517, 347, 309, 476, 15, 309, 7964, 1053, 626, 971, 281, 320, 1469, 949, 326, 5880, 273, 3551, 896, 247, 1652, 2372, 1512, 3517, 544, 395, 2970, 8513, 969, 1570, 1292, 672, 309, 1353, 4704, 13, 309, 1833, 320, 4704, 15, 33581, 326, 434, 19473, 2581, 685, 1996, 449, 187, 187, 7883, 434, 3511, 27, 380, 16336, 373, 452, 5339, 1638, 22414, 275, 247, 4194, 28, 597, 6468, 626, 4136, 247, 1612, 14, 1993, 4736, 1580, 7659, 15, 608, 15, 25956, 14468, 33149, 556, 1264, 273, 521, 2952, 434, 2800, 2792, 275, 253, 2469, 767, 3958, 15, 25956, 30864, 42936, 556, 1264, 2792, 275, 1740, 3958, 13, 1690, 521, 806, 4736, 1580, 10733, 15, 608, 15, 14971, 1342, 6416, 37646, 2859, 567, 556, 2620, 2792, 275, 253, 2469, 2800, 15, 8139, 12810, 968, 3579, 13105, 3919, 395, 574, 767, 7342, 8216, 13, 285, 5684, 1342, 1503, 3354, 80, 3976, 66, 574, 767, 327, 7948, 15, 25956, 5119, 23900, 75, 5297, 556, 1903, 2792, 275, 521, 2469, 884, 3958, 15, 187, 187, 18281, 436, 4672, 187, 187, 510, 22037, 4648, 14268, 13, 4384, 320, 317, 790, 13, 285, 643, 2074, 10296, 15, 2896, 970, 22037, 14248, 390, 643, 3909, 3238, 13, 368, 7578, 281, 253, 8333, 2529, 275, 776, 24471, 11981, 285, 26746, 273, 6631, 13, 1690, 776, 49391, 11981, 15, 688, 6820, 530, 57, 27560, 386, 708, 18805, 10396, 382 ]	agreements. See the NOTICE file # distributed with this work for additional information # regarding copyright ownership. The SFC licenses this file # to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the # "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance # with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, # software distributed under the License is distributed on an # "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY # KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the # specific language governing permissions and limitations # under the License. class MouseButton(object): LEFT = 0 MIDDLE = 1 RIGHT = 2 Predictive value of specimen radiography for core needle biopsy of noncalcified breast masses. Our objective was to determine the predictive value of specimen radiography for large core (14-gauge) needle biopsy of noncalcified breast masses. Eighty-four biopsies of 83 breast masses yielded 403 specimens. Specimens showing dense material on specimen radiography were predicted to be diagnostic; specimens showing intermediate- or low-density material were predicted to be nondiagnostic. Specimen radiographic and histopathologic findings were correlated for each specimen using vital dyes to mark individual specimens. Of the 403 specimens, 307 (76%) contained diagnostic material representative of the lesion, with a specific diagnosis achieved for 82 (99%) of 83 lesions (62 benign, 20 malignant). Of the 293 passes containing dense material, 268 (91%) proved to be diagnostic; 11 (18%) of 62 specimens containing only low-density material proved to be diagnostic. Of the 25 (9%) of 293 specimens containing radiographically dense but nondiagnostic material, 18 (72%) showed focal fibrosis and had missed the lesion; 15 (83%) of 18 such specimens were obtained in dense parenchyma. The positive predictive value of specimen radiography was 13 (100%) of 13 in fatty breasts; 77 (96%) of 80 in breasts with minimal scattered fibroglandular elements; 91 (94%) of 97 in heterogeneously dense breasts; and 35 (70%) of 50 in breasts with extremely dense parenchyma. Of the 16 lesions sampled stereotactically, specimen radiography helped assess the inadequacy of initial sampling in three (19%). In six (9%) of 68 sonographically guided biopsies, only one or two specimens could be obtained; specimen radiography helped us predict whether material was adequate for diagnosis. Radiography of core specimens obtained from noncalcified breast masses accurately reveals the adequacy of sampling unless the breast parenchyma is extremely dense. Such immediate assessment can help ensure adequate material from lesions that are difficult to biopsy and can thereby improve the diagnostic yield of large core needle breast biopsy.You are here Talisay Police to Probe Teener’s Death Talisay City PNP authorities are conducting investigation on the mysterious death of a 19-year-old male found in Purok Sigay, Barangay Zone 3, Talisay City around 7:00 a.m. Sunday. The victim was later identified by police authorities, according to Superintendent Adonis Rosales, as Orlando Salazar Jr., whose body was found in a nipa plantation in the area already in a state of decomposition. He sustained a lone hack wound on his back. According to his mother the victim was last seen roaming in the fish port two days before his body was found. Police also alleged that the victim had previous cases of theft in the village and was previously sniffing solvent.*Q: Do any Nikon FX cameras allow square-format shooting with DX lenses? When one uses a Nikon DX (APS-C) camera on an FX camera body, the camera automatically enters a "DX crop mode", using only the center portion of the sensor to match the DX format, as explained on Nikon's web site. The FX format is roughly 36×24mm, while DX is 24×16mm, and it's this smaller size that DX crop mode uses. Notice that the short edge of the FX format is equal to the long edge of DX — and of course the image circle is perfectly round, not oblong. Do any Nikon full-frame cameras allow a "square DX" format, either 24×24mm (with some possible vignetting in the extreme corners) or slightly reduced? A: Square format is not supported, but 5:4 aspect ratio offered by D3, D3s, D800 and D800E is only slightly wider, 30mm. The nice thing is that the viewfinder is electronically masked, so you can compose with good precision. This aspect ratio is not provided on a D700 or D3x. Alternatively, you could always crop in post. Of course, you'll also need to disable Auto DX Crop. The Blyth Hotel Simple yet stylish, the Blyth is contemporary seaside hospitality at its best; designed to be welcoming but informal, giving you the luxury of relaxing into Southwold living. A delightfully refurbished family run hotel just 5 minutes walk from Southwold’s famous colourful beach huts or the town centre. All of our 12 bedrooms with en-suite bath or shower, have been elegantly styled during a recent refurbishment. As a family run business, we offer attention to detail in every way and guarantee you’ll find it hard to leave.Headlines Bruins seek split of home-and-home vs. Sabres by Mike Battaglino / NHL.com SABRES (9-23-3) at BRUINS (23-10-2) TV: MSG-B, NESN Last 10: Buffalo 4-4-2; Boston 7-3-0 Season series: The Buffalo Sabres defeated the Boston Bruins 4-2 on Thursday after trailing 2-1 late in the second period. Boston won the first game, also at Buffalo, 5-2 on Oct. 23, with two third-period goals from defenseman Torey Krug. Big story: Buffalo has won two in a row in regulation for the first time this season; it has not won three in a row in any manner. Of the Sabres' nine wins, three are against the Bruins, Los Angeles Kings and San Jose Sharks (sixth, fourth and seventh in the NHL standings prior to Saturday). "I expect [Boston] to probably be a little upset about the loss," Sabres defenseman Mike Weber told the team website. "I think we've always played them hard and it's always been a hard-fought game. I'm not too worried about anything. It's always better when you're into the game when people are hitting you and you're hitting them back, and you're into the battles in front of the net." Team Scope: Sabres: Buffalo acquired forward Linus Omark in a trade Thursday and will put him to work Saturday. "He'll take a spot in the lineup," interim coach Ted Nolan said Friday, according to the Buffalo News. "I'm not 100 percent sure exactly where we'll put him yet but he'll play tomorrow night." The Sabres are short a forward after Cody Hodgson sustained a wrist injury blocking a shot by Krug in the first period Thursday. Nolan said Hodgson would be out "maybe a week or two or three. I'm not sure." Omark, 26, played one game this season for the Edmonton Oilers, who received a conditional sixth-round draft pick in return. He was fourth in the American Hockey League with 29 points in 29 games for Oklahoma City. "He's getting pretty close," coach Claude Julien told the Boston Herald after practice Friday. "Honestly it's a matter of game-to-game right now. I don't know yet [about the game Saturday], but I wouldn't write him off." McQuaid hasn't played this month because of a lower-body injury reported to be a groin pull, missing eight games (5-3-0). The Bruins could wait until after the three-day Christmas break to give him a little more recovery time. "I hope that's not the case," McQuaid told the Herald. "I want to be back playing as soon as I can. I definitely don't want to be going through that cycle of coming back a little bit too soon [and getting hurt again]. But when I'm ready, I'll be ready. Hopefully that's sooner rather than later." Who's hot: The Sabres have killed 14 penalties in a row; they haven't allowed a power-play goal since Dec. 5. Forward Brian Flynn has three of his season's six points in the past two games. Forward Drew Stafford has three points in four games, including his first goal since Nov. 5. Defenseman Christian Ehrhoff has five points in the past six. … Bruins forward Brad Marchand had two goals Thursday, and defenseman Zdeno Chara had two on Tuesday. Forward David Krejci has 11 points in his past 10 games. Share this!! The NHL uses cookies, web beacons, and other similar technologies. By using NHL websites or other online services, you consent to the practices described in our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service, including our Cookie Policy.Independent UX Consultant & Mobile Specialist
[ 996, 186, 3474, 23434, 426, 2634, 8626, 4507, 10990, 22215, 94, 964, 2163, 15861, 14, 20511, 964, 1374, 14, 8737, 65, 28, 996, 186, 2309, 436, 15, 3211, 15, 14061, 2214, 4312, 8590, 9, 28192, 13, 17011, 13, 260, 3001, 2997, 9, 68, 15, 13481, 9, 6602, 86, 361, 66, 17, 16, 72, 13, 686, 686, 23090, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 3343, 2214, 11063, 3487, 29617, 9, 49832, 22215, 27, 2876, 13, 2505, 27, 2876, 2262, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 3474, 23434, 426, 2634, 8626, 4507, 10990, 22215, 94, 964, 49832, 7224, 49832, 22215, 94, 65, 28, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 3211, 15, 14061, 2214, 4312, 8590, 9, 28192, 13, 2505, 558, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 5669, 8497, 3305, 10772, 9, 11258, 27, 686, 49832, 8, 1040, 686, 3211, 46976, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 11258, 11013, 686, 49832, 3401, 551, 988, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 14447, 11063, 3487, 10772, 30003, 5137, 996, 186, 94, 2010, 551, 988, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 14447, 6124, 10772, 30003, 5137, 996, 186, 94, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 11352, 16754, 10772, 14850, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 16435, 5137, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 2770, 688, 10772, 11021, 14850, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 16651, 688, 11021, 5137, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 3211, 15, 14061, 2214, 16754, 7050, 2073, 7585, 1374, 13, 964, 7585, 1374, 5137, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 2770, 5677, 10772, 11021, 14850, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 16651, 5677, 11021, 5137, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 13194, 16754, 10772, 14850, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 21599, 5137, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 13194, 10772, 9019, 9, 28192, 27, 2876, 2262, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 3211, 15, 14061, 1898, 7146, 9, 28192, 558, 187, 186, 94, 187, 94, 187, 6601, 36484, 3656, 21680, 187, 187, 3039, 253, 41153, 310, 987, 13, 2717, 327, 6149, 812, 3523, 247, 919, 1592, 432, 49337, 15, 733, 457, 84, 2032, 752, 597, 1333, 27, 253, 12927, 310, 253, 1659, 835, 8290, 2489, 1821, 285, 1821, 2489, 8290, 1108, 969, 15, 733, 1900, 7024, 327, 10212, 1051, 187, 187, 325, 241, 6601, 36484, 3656, 21680, 1628, 3936, 441, 327, 247, 9455, 281, 253, 1682, 20183, 13977, 512, 1475, 253, 1533, 27, 353, 1952, 74, 13, 24084, 13, 1457, 12123, 13, 48253, 1403, 4631, 18708, 13, 23340, 285, 6976, 15, 5721, 39643, 27, 1219, 28700, 35368, 13, 12429, 3189, 6836, 13, 41903, 4033, 1063, 13, 2516, 2516, 27741, 13, 26953, 10374, 1406, 615, 13, 1605, 463, 473, 8, 31116, 285, 7608, 5292, 3189, 2131, 15, 2948, 551, 348, 1278, 23779, 94, 432, 33378, 348, 1278, 6155, 5618, 187, 187, 3122, 1578, 41857, 14, 25902, 642, 14, 22452, 1738, 187, 187, 22452, 15, 2808, 9, 348, 1278, 23779, 2073, 33768, 622, 275, 1474, 4438, 1051, 26811, 187, 605, 187, 605, 50276, 42556, 15, 73, 187, 605, 50276, 16812, 1255, 187, 605, 187, 605, 50276, 32331, 407, 6911, 28940, 6058, 327, 14805, 16, 520, 16, 805, 15, 535, 187, 4, 26579, 2378, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 5620, 491, 16, 3129, 16, 55, 2399, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 2437, 19121, 187, 92, 187, 50276, 4387, 27, 187, 186, 42556, 1874, 187, 186, 42556, 9, 1030, 16399, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 708, 4528, 84, 13, 7301, 310, 20431, 2374, 13, 7301, 310, 48062, 414, 2374, 5349, 187, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 4478, 1874, 187, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 11183, 4769, 1874, 187, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 11183, 1874, 187, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 6553, 1874, 22417, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 1178, 37, 14381, 9, 1030, 16399, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 708, 4528, 84, 48946, 278, 37, 14381, 426, 3317, 84, 28, 7734, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 37, 14381, 14574, 1091, 278, 37, 14381, 28, 7734, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 47495, 27681, 4837, 13839, 1874, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 9873, 1216, 27681, 4837, 13839, 1874, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 9873, 1216, 6623, 1887, 13839, 1874, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 6623, 1887, 13019, 1874, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 27681, 4837, 13019, 1874, 22417, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 18570, 4769, 22495, 9, 8253, 717, 85, 5349, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 4769, 6052, 1874, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 4769, 3442, 1874, 187, 186, 10975, 186, 186, 788, 44249, 1874, 22417, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 23112, 20431, 14574, 186, 186, 78, 2513, 20431, 2374, 426, 2195, 78, 2513, 20431, 2374, 28, 186, 186, 4718, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 20431, 14574, 623, 186, 2309, 278, 20431, 28, 5879, 186, 4718, 187, 186, 10975, 186, 186, 261, 20431, 2374, 14574, 186, 186, 2309, 278, 2513, 20431, 2374, 28, 15540, 186, 4718, 22417, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 19258, 20431, 1874, 22417, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 23112, 48062, 414, 14574, 186, 78, 2513, 48062, 414, 2374, 426, 2195, 78, 2513, 48062, 414, 2374, 28, 186, 4718, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 48062, 414, 14574, 186, 186, 2309, 278, 48062, 414, 28, 15540, 186, 4718, 187, 186, 10975, 186, 186, 261, 48062, 414, 2374, 14574, 186, 186, 2309, 278, 2513, 48062, 414, 2374, 28, 623, 186, 4718, 22417, 186, 5297, 1450, 3129, 1450, 55, 2399, 33914, 36436, 2399, 28, 22417, 186, 605, 25329, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 4769, 28, 15540, 186, 605, 6865, 38667, 275, 1524, 1533, 7253, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 4769, 8677, 13395, 28, 186, 186, 605, 6865, 38667, 275, 9864, 7253, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 4769, 22495, 28, 623, 186, 605, 24090, 387, 534, 673, 11999, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 4769, 38275, 264, 28, 186, 186, 605, 3052, 702, 273, 673, 4817, 875, 1390, 3665, 285, 1655, 3665, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 28517, 28, 15540, 186, 605, 329, 14932, 1076, 4828, 323, 8925, 604, 247, 308, 781, 556, 1609, 1520, 187, 186, 10975, 623, 186, 78, 44249, 28, 15540, 186, 605, 308, 781, 313, 10573, 3213, 10, 323, 30444, 13358, 3394, 22417, 186, 605, 399, 2894, 18041, 21109, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 186, 78, 37, 14381, 28, 15540, 186, 605, 388, 265, 262, 386, 281, 41838, 436, 281, 686, 35800, 5983, 35284, 1056, 352, 1512, 3477, 281, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 186, 78, 37, 14381, 22482, 28, 623, 186, 605, 40678, 342, 278, 42556, 39, 2399, 15, 788, 32501, 1082, 534, 651, 1091, 253, 401, 2399, 14564, 15, 22417, 186, 605, 367, 27306, 187, 186, 10975, 623, 186, 78, 2513, 20431, 2374, 28, 623, 186, 605, 8916, 13794, 432, 470, 15, 17, 281, 337, 15, 17, 15, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 20431, 28, 22417, 186, 605, 443, 5214, 55, 7400, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 186, 78, 48062, 414, 28, 623, 186, 605, 29130, 414, 4972, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 186, 78, 9671, 48062, 414, 28, 186, 605, 380, 4284, 29130, 414, 4972, 13, 275, 1083, 368, 971, 281, 4840, 342, 12926, 33213, 186, 605, 533, 1900, 320, 2104, 281, 755, 896, 281, 253, 3236, 1617, 15, 187, 186, 10975, 623, 186, 78, 2513, 48062, 414, 2374, 28, 186, 186, 605, 1198, 8577, 29130, 414, 327, 285, 745, 187, 4718, 22292, 20508, 29862, 30315, 15147, 44576, 1152, 49323, 8277, 1640, 9689, 21602, 22310, 35474, 29690, 17008, 45396, 15780, 15712, 4169, 34217, 18341, 38660, 1152, 38077, 6099, 8134, 8496, 13, 18716, 4407, 4189, 9247, 1207, 29280, 15647, 16798, 3504, 33306, 39435, 6715, 5790, 21475, 21615, 7869, 9925, 9689, 1697, 16205, 10453, 12007, 18651, 3415, 29685, 1389, 13, 18651, 1640, 12559, 32195, 5126, 4141, 12880, 10453, 41601, 6099, 3721, 11409, 5126, 21537, 9082, 21602, 22744, 45485, 6564, 10961, 19245, 10324, 1697, 5790, 15, 32757, 9640, 25043, 6564, 6754, 41627, 4189, 9247, 1068, 8713, 31818, 7620, 12587, 12880, 24310, 11770, 11954, 5822, 6564, 8117, 14742, 1068, 15095, 8277, 1068, 35712, 13192, 10161, 8804, 1152, 13, 32554, 14987, 27123, 5822, 5031, 10161, 10743, 8277, 5126, 3504, 4189, 15780, 4169, 8355, 19113, 10961, 46360, 20508, 5790, 43437, 13, 5822, 22744, 9160, 30499, 15780, 4189, 12444, 45476, 36922, 1389, 13192, 3415, 11995, 35411, 11770, 4183, 24368, 7508, 4169, 30315, 1389, 7539, 3504, 10411, 8961, 1152, 25235, 33306, 1367, 4435, 7508, 6099, 17008, 20410, 5129, 3721, 1207, 5822, 28695, 1068, 1389, 8277, 4141, 38749, 17008, 30315, 33576, 3776, 5790, 8804, 2964, 13, 22744, 5822, 29929, 3415, 27404, 47682, 4407, 47046, 10077, 2964, 4407, 1640, 12500, 6754, 1389, 8204, 15, 140, 109, 17008, 4418, 7065, 29366, 1207, 40042, 31220, 1367, 18778, 5822, 13709, 38749, 10530, 24860, 8355, 13, 12880, 6099, 11954, 24368, 8117, 11770, 4183, 24368, 7508, 4169, 18716, 32554, 44562, 12444, 5126, 41627, 15, 31989, 31784, 8117, 13, 18716, 27854, 7486, 19745, 1068, 6099, 4435, 7029, 10514, 29862, 43084, 8204, 3721, 4189, 31682, 23468, 8204, 7486, 16423, 3415, 30338, 4169, 25043, 30954, 8355, 9514, 18584, 40439, 8134, 29366, 28500, 5790, 15, 25077, 1068, 4407, 20508, 4169, 8277, 12007, 40042, 31220, 43811, 16779, 7762, 5160, 11770, 3415, 7508, 26610, 15780, 12587, 11770, 39656, 38940, 44909, 26546, 4183, 15147, 25510, 9925, 41505, 1152, 4189, 8277, 24860, 36922, 25705, 49349, 10077, 13, 34155, 36434, 4189, 9689, 3415, 15712, 15780, 12587, 7486, 5790, 8804, 21030, 43694, 8277, 24860, 1152, 8713, 31818, 15647, 15, 22310, 13192, 10161, 3504, 11514, 12500, 1389, 13192, 3415, 11995, 35411, 47270, 9160, 15712, 10453, 11995, 8117, 8277, 32520, 13, 25043, 38940, 44909, 7486, 7869, 16423, 28167, 6564, 14706, 5129, 15290, 4407, 36547, 1640, 8496, 19833, 6099, 44949, 27404, 5790, 13, 9514, 11378, 7762, 4189, 9247, 1152, 23358, 11378, 18651, 1640, 12559, 32195, 5126, 4141, 18330, 25089, 29220, 18651, 13396, 39286, 4141, 4189, 18341, 7029, 35883, 12007, 21534, 38660, 4141, 5822, 25043, 4189, 46645, 2964, 25705, 1207, 23358, 36593, 20488, 5129, 4183, 10961, 22190, 1152, 4407, 7029, 1674, 10743, 6099, 8134, 8496, 13, 18716, 27854, 6099, 3721, 11409, 5126, 21537, 9082, 13080, 22744, 10411, 8961, 1152, 6564, 10961, 19245, 10324, 1697, 5790, 15, 22292, 10453, 10161, 1207, 22744, 5822, 43043, 49853, 9689, 7486, 17307, 5160, 12562, 1697, 7508, 4169, 12587, 6467, 30315, 12500, 7539, 3504, 10411, 8961, 11409, 6234, 3776, 12444, 11378, 39656, 15, 21615, 1674, 1207, 6099, 14171, 7486, 12500, 7029, 8355, 36547, 27328, 25510, 5160, 7029, 1152, 1905, 6099, 3721, 7869, 1068, 8277, 7508, 16798, 4407, 6564, 1389, 11409, 7508, 1697, 1207, 5822, 18330, 41601, 25705, 1207, 4407, 20488, 1674, 12562, 2964, 15, 22310, 19745, 1068, 24248, 19833, 6467, 40412, 1640, 10743, 13, 3776, 31318, 1152, 5822, 8277, 7508, 8117, 36593, 13, 18716, 4189, 46645, 2964, 19113, 43965, 15780, 1068, 8277, 5126, 3504, 15095, 8787, 46077, 21030, 4407, 7029, 1674, 1389, 8204, 6099, 6564, 10961, 19245, 10324, 16798, 6715, 15, 25077, 1152, 4418, 14742, 1068, 18706, 46070, 15095, 4435, 7508, 11378, 4183, 1068, 4407, 24368, 11647, 25332, 10514, 4141, 6467, 10161, 1697, 19245, 24215, 1905, 27854, 13709, 30594, 25510, 25994, 1367, 47659, 11954, 25809, 7508, 13, 18716, 4407, 5822, 6715, 4189, 19745, 10324, 4407, 31818, 7620, 25043, 12007, 32554, 8277, 7508, 8117, 3415, 15, 25518, 31318, 41601, 7539, 3504, 45485, 6234, 6099, 3721, 11995, 8117, 17307, 4169, 9160, 1152, 10453, 7869, 12562, 4141, 5160, 1389, 5822, 30954, 8355, 23358, 36428, 11770, 4183, 24368, 7508, 4169, 13, 18716, 6099, 14171, 26072, 38084, 4407, 1640, 22190, 34491, 15, 21146, 1697, 18565, 10077, 4407, 6467, 22079, 5129, 8496, 13, 8713, 31818, 15780, 15712, 4169, 4418, 14742, 32255, 49853, 20508, 4169, 8277, 9247, 3721, 15147, 3776, 31318, 1152, 4189, 13192, 25089, 2964, 11378, 1697, 33036, 36922, 8277, 7508, 8117, 3415, 8496, 15, 21615, 18651, 11514, 10077, 17008, 20410, 5129, 21475, 8134, 41601, 6564, 12444, 10324, 15780, 1152, 8793, 27404, 16205, 15647, 5822, 12880, 6564 ]	const selector = `${activeRowSelector} .monaco-editor .view-lines`; return this.code.waitForTextContent(selector, undefined, c => accept(c.replace(/\u00a0/g, ' '))); } async waitForMarkdownContents(markdownSelector: string, text: string): Promise<void> { const selector = `${activeRowSelector} .markdown ${markdownSelector}`; await this.code.waitForTextContent(selector, text); } async insertNotebookCell(kind: 'markdown' \| 'code'): Promise<void> { if (kind === 'markdown') { await this.quickAccess.runCommand('notebook.cell.insertMarkdownCellBelow'); } else { await this.quickAccess.runCommand('notebook.cell.insertCodeCellBelow'); } } async deleteActiveCell(): Promise<void> { await this.quickAccess.runCommand('notebook.cell.delete'); } async focusInCellOutput(): Promise<void> { await this.quickAccess.runCommand('notebook.cell.focusInOutput'); await this.code.waitForActiveElement('webview, .webview'); } async focusOutCellOutput(): Promise<void> { await this.quickAccess.runCommand('notebook.cell.focusOutOutput'); } async executeActiveCell(): Promise<void> { await this.quickAccess.runCommand('notebook.cell.execute'); } async executeCellAction(selector: string): Promise<void> { await this.code.waitAndClick(selector); } } Attractive Distractions When the swell is right, nothing on earth could stop a surfer from surfing. It’s true what they say: the ocean is the place where boys become men and men become boys – again. It always depends on waves... „Attractive Distractions“ takes us on a journey to the best surf spots all around the world: Maui, Portugal, New Zealand, Mentawais Islands, Indonesia and Australia. Featuring: Albee Layer, Matt Meola, Kai Barger, John John Florence, Tyler Larronde, Dege O'Connell and Torrey Meister.import {chalkSuccess} from './chalkConfig'; /* eslint-disable no-console */ console.log(chalkSuccess('Starting app in dev mode...')); // // Room.h // Stillness // // Created by Robert Hodgin on 01/01/12. #pragma once #include "cinder/gl/Vbo.h" class Room { public: Room(); Room( const ci::Vec3f &dims, bool isPowerOn, bool isGravityOn ); void init(); void updateTime(); void update(); void draw(); void setDims( const ci::Vec3f &dims ){ mDims = dims; }; ci::Vec3f getDims(){ return mDims; }; ci::Vec3f getRandCeilingPos(); ci::Vec3f getCornerCeilingPos(); ci::Vec3f getCornerFloorPos(); float getFloorLevel(); float getCeilingLevel(); void adjustTimeMulti( float amt ); float getTimePer(); float getTimeDelta(); bool getTick(); void togglePower(){ mIsPowerOn = !mIsPowerOn; }; float getPower(){ return mPower; }; bool isPowerOn(){ return mIsPowerOn; }; float getLightPower(); void toggleGravity(){ mIsGravityOn = !mIsGravityOn; }; ci::Vec3f getGravity(){ return mGravity; }; bool isGravityOn(){ return mIsGravityOn; }; ci::gl::VboMesh mVbo; // TIME float mTime; // Time elapsed in real world seconds float mTimeElapsed; // Time elapsed in simulation seconds float mTimeMulti; // Speed at which time passes float mTimeAdjusted; // Amount of time passed between last frame and current frame float mTimer; // A resetting counter for determining if a Tick has occured bool mTick; // Tick (aka step) for triggering discrete events // DIMENSIONS ci::Vec3f mDims; // Hesitant to rename this to 'bounds'. Might make it too easy to ci::Vec3f mDimsDest; // confuse with mRoomFbo.getBounds() which would return the Fbo Area. // POWER bool mIsPowerOn; // Power ranges from 0.0 to 1.0. float mPower; // GRAVITY ci::Vec3f mGravity; // Gravity vector ci::Vec3f mDefaultGravity; // The default Gravity vector, in case you want to mess with gravity // but always be able to get back to the original condition. bool mIsGravityOn; // For turning Gravity on and off };Весной этого года во многих СМИ появилась информация о том, что в селе Мокрая Ольховка Волгоградской области, обнаружены несколько окаменевших яиц динозавров. Так как данное село находится не так уж и далеко от моего города, то эта история меня сильно заинтересовала, и я решил собственными глазами увидеть эти «яйца». Отчет о поездке и свои мысли по этому поводу, я и предлагаю вашему вниманию.Я по натуре скептик и если честно, не ожидал увидеть что то особенное. Думал, что это просто очередной трюк с целью привлечь как можно больше туристов. Но весь мой скептицизм улетучился уже после первого разговора с местным жителем, который согласился проводить до места находок. С горящими глазами он рассказал мне, как после проливных дождей в одном из оврагов, близ села были обнаружены странные объекты сферической формы и как сразу же была выдвинута версия о том, что это окаменевшие яйца динозавров.Вскоре я и сам смог присмотреться к этим «яйцам» поближе. Все они примерно одного размера — около метра в диаметре и столько же в высоту. Состоят из кремния, песка и металла, что сразу заставило меня отбросить версию о динозаврах. На некоторых отчетливо видны следы коррозии — это еще раз подтверждает, что в их состав входит какой то металл.Несколько «яиц» оказались расколотыми и можно было увидеть, что они полые внутри. Причем в каждом, находилась некая смесь мелкого песка с гранулированным металлом. В общем поездка только добавила загадок и не д
[ 2965, 275, 2389, 13, 564, 281, 253, 9002, 3423, 21984, 3345, 8068, 285, 403, 7416, 407, 24958, 457, 84, 3101, 13, 12605, 22876, 411, 2050, 5292, 1425, 10137, 15, 411, 2050, 5292, 457, 84, 1894, 310, 924, 18050, 1070, 715, 247, 6069, 14, 9177, 4444, 285, 5339, 407, 401, 15, 35, 15, 42, 15, 6083, 1078, 253, 7484, 310, 4950, 281, 452, 644, 773, 266, 21184, 16879, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 8302, 457, 643, 1984, 13, 443, 23819, 7088, 1157, 313, 42889, 18879, 16631, 443, 23819, 12062, 310, 247, 32390, 670, 253, 313, 1212, 18286, 6832, 10, 2408, 273, 673, 344, 5262, 275, 10664, 429, 14, 35769, 12473, 1309, 253, 3925, 457, 84, 342, 247, 3416, 344, 3916, 369, 253, 3236, 15241, 466, 15, 187, 187, 13804, 468, 44704, 41486, 8121, 10213, 9730, 4584, 4817, 327, 22042, 267, 12664, 423, 342, 247, 1048, 3877, 7579, 272, 327, 253, 773, 5375, 24828, 9386, 668, 5017, 4768, 253, 7714, 15, 2305, 15, 9730, 4584, 457, 84, 4468, 369, 253, 773, 554, 261, 23329, 1255, 534, 5621, 253, 1984, 281, 10725, 327, 697, 3839, 14173, 567, 3022, 544, 256, 280, 5032, 3753, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 8302, 457, 1904, 457, 85, 1379, 352, 973, 27, 773, 24723, 5682, 27, 309, 1694, 634, 3877, 15, 380, 760, 4243, 309, 7192, 497, 253, 4243, 670, 849, 9386, 352, 369, 15, 1422, 3663, 479, 672, 368, 574, 281, 17942, 281, 16248, 24455, 27723, 249, 29392, 342, 749, 16807, 8091, 3762, 275, 1340, 281, 5513, 2139, 368, 457, 250, 417, 1469, 281, 15452, 253, 3347, 273, 247, 23331, 15, 18975, 401, 1886, 292, 29983, 5408, 264, 619, 718, 1512, 13, 533, 342, 15455, 1679, 3098, 316, 6460, 1425, 187, 187, 8665, 20841, 273, 2305, 15, 8302, 457, 34989, 452, 644, 15455, 1679, 31905, 15, 14698, 708, 3697, 8976, 8121, 19980, 309, 735, 4159, 27, 773, 3220, 767, 23903, 27, 755, 271, 5570, 1425, 2635, 13, 773, 7883, 403, 368, 32, 1422, 1364, 320, 247, 6581, 15, 309, 457, 78, 37193, 634, 806, 4579, 15, 15108, 1419, 4834, 390, 281, 7085, 342, 634, 29296, 1425, 187, 187, 2214, 1110, 6110, 275, 253, 3426, 5406, 13, 2305, 15, 309, 735, 457, 299, 14, 5719, 285, 253, 2862, 17668, 310, 3863, 327, 17814, 10002, 1279, 531, 15, 681, 15, 187, 187, 9917, 417, 41024, 310, 11116, 1503, 471, 13, 665, 6613, 253, 1503, 471, 6487, 3690, 15, 2305, 15, 8302, 753, 407, 4481, 326, 2305, 15, 1503, 471, 369, 253, 760, 1436, 281, 8069, 3657, 779, 432, 970, 521, 1491, 13, 285, 1925, 2305, 15, 1503, 471, 773, 66, 2500, 254, 4789, 1652, 5570, 665, 11532, 344, 556, 690, 2238, 273, 3570, 281, 521, 1211, 2953, 285, 4481, 1180, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 1503, 471, 10974, 13, 773, 42, 1158, 2305, 15, 8302, 457, 19101, 3984, 323, 3746, 1806, 6240, 326, 773, 7710, 15, 8302, 1620, 9521, 9214, 281, 2486, 479, 275, 521, 7066, 2670, 15, 2091, 309, 6888, 326, 344, 574, 13, 309, 9521, 326, 344, 5386, 1491, 326, 344, 574, 3863, 13, 1690, 299, 14, 5719, 17668, 285, 619, 1480, 299, 14, 5719, 2953, 13, 534, 344, 760, 858, 846, 7418, 14672, 8139, 15, 309, 513, 417, 2868, 2305, 15, 8302, 310, 5277, 247, 2579, 281, 4477, 390, 3780, 2010, 275, 253, 18051, 4491, 13, 285, 627, 403, 1199, 1805, 5300, 562, 627, 275, 253, 27769, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 8302, 816, 2506, 457, 85, 755, 2139, 521, 5017, 11210, 457, 85, 1119, 247, 1728, 1223, 643, 5098, 1790, 327, 1682, 14, 84, 7707, 391, 7305, 275, 28852, 708, 40435, 15, 773, 42, 457, 306, 1239, 247, 2257, 273, 5098, 326, 9106, 2534, 22210, 479, 949, 253, 10699, 275, 2426, 273, 667, 2238, 273, 11072, 390, 1445, 390, 2288, 2322, 390, 5083, 1806, 344, 753, 15, 187, 187, 14, 1785, 27407, 6572, 2131, 187, 187, 6104, 2663, 437, 457, 84, 48582, 21591, 187, 187, 510, 370, 9519, 13, 933, 4030, 326, 418, 11203, 620, 2101, 2663, 437, 556, 644, 6960, 281, 2075, 253, 10381, 5519, 778, 320, 253, 6253, 275, 253, 2285, 457, 84, 2892, 13, 533, 1014, 342, 521, 13394, 13, 344, 10095, 457, 85, 2740, 247, 17052, 3551, 598, 342, 253, 17652, 15, 1422, 923, 13, 2305, 15, 2101, 2663, 437, 457, 84, 9530, 391, 14381, 403, 3511, 13, 3511, 13, 3511, 15, 187, 187, 37198, 253, 673, 273, 521, 1390, 13394, 14, 3529, 651, 320, 253, 8210, 14, 4185, 2952, 13, 672, 344, 17324, 3663, 370, 23, 15, 21, 3041, 275, 16268, 323, 448, 6856, 15790, 2418, 46191, 8690, 367, 15, 43, 15, 2639, 868, 17622, 14, 7710, 15, 2101, 2663, 437, 5485, 2101, 2663, 437, 34031, 13, 247, 1029, 14, 24159, 6753, 14, 10773, 2370, 4657, 275, 5003, 27581, 13, 34280, 904, 326, 773, 3431, 42241, 689, 247, 3041, 8918, 275, 921, 4461, 19543, 1806, 2556, 281, 697, 7066, 2670, 15, 187, 187, 1898, 581, 273, 1110, 3580, 13, 3826, 249, 13274, 1241, 14, 85, 603, 391, 14381, 10480, 264, 598, 342, 247, 17387, 14170, 326, 7788, 24428, 846, 253, 1113, 3249, 281, 247, 3523, 14, 9802, 644, 9383, 33610, 407, 253, 13290, 14, 12242, 285, 3055, 14, 19221, 24597, 2455, 1580, 2305, 15, 2101, 2663, 437, 5420, 327, 49244, 457, 84, 330, 725, 84, 6276, 271, 444, 14, 2437, 35512, 6029, 91, 562, 71, 2166, 342, 253, 3802, 1370, 3847, 28234, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 841, 403, 642, 39194, 263, 660, 1412, 398, 15, 329, 873, 273, 253, 391, 14381, 14, 4609, 403, 1929, 625, 7744, 347, 773, 6104, 2663, 7042, 668, 390, 773, 6104, 12947, 668, 428, 84, 7042, 323, 347, 1199, 347, 370, 938, 13, 933, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 3726, 816, 1663, 37462, 952, 562, 1806, 753, 2516, 24064, 19924, 13, 14419, 8121, 273, 20065, 1157, 247, 11338, 326, 16633, 327, 6753, 4243, 15, 773, 510, 1055, 326, 352, 4245, 745, 310, 14331, 15, 380, 952, 12200, 368, 403, 4704, 281, 816, 564, 949, 253, 15171, 14, 9328, 1158, 368, 457, 250, 1335, 14572, 11602, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 2101, 2663, 437, 14, 10002, 21186, 884, 18997, 8458, 13, 1690, 247, 25852, 2061, 73, 5391, 6129, 30662, 14, 14958, 417, 10242, 253, 3826, 968, 13, 533, 369, 253, 806, 29192, 281, 1345, 907, 731, 3066, 521, 35512, 285, 13, 1996, 13, 521, 2567, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 253, 1618, 273, 2101, 2663, 7042, 9891, 310, 802, 249, 1574, 13433, 1664, 494, 15, 733, 3797, 1218, 13906, 25714, 900, 13, 7967, 308, 16766, 13, 18059, 2148, 71, 13089, 13, 36482, 457, 22165, 285, 367, 700, 9915, 13, 665, 452, 12819, 253, 391, 14381, 275, 616, 1113, 14, 37382, 3440, 10556, 15, 187, 187, 510, 391, 14381, 403, 816, 347, 4633, 2190, 9001, 6114, 285, 14759, 14142, 285, 41973, 13, 285, 597, 671, 5420, 275, 253, 6440, 380, 20715, 285, 253, 401, 21310, 964, 187, 187, 1628, 2809, 32785, 574, 247, 873, 273, 731, 327, 521, 322, 14, 2437, 35512, 15, 14820, 13, 5753, 2389, 731, 1806, 753, 2305, 15, 24064, 19924, 15, 187, 187, 47195, 15, 496, 1457, 2816, 3228, 3055, 6629, 13, 253, 391, 14381, 403, 512, 253, 22324, 15, 773, 23631, 5605, 731, 1806, 753, 247, 8474, 432, 7121, 22604, 15, 773, 1989, 1014, 604, 309, 812, 7848, 731, 13, 309, 457, 69, 760, 452, 731, 323, 751, 884, 7253, 15, 1583, 457, 69, 755, 15661, 604, 368, 1669, 634, 1113, 562, 327, 253, 6406, 15, 1422, 4571, 457, 85, 1014, 564, 755, 271, 6749, 10777, 390, 2712, 1425, 187, 187, 6175, 954, 5753, 342, 22083, 4993, 569, 16359, 323, 247, 625, 12054, 33449, 45738, 13, 1925, 33757, 14, 53, 1441, 13, 326, 5580, 323, 370, 19, 13, 933, 247, 873, 13, 2101, 2663, 7042, 403, 1335, 22802, 745, 253, 391, 7305, 15, 773, 510, 4831, 1060, 310, 1029, 13, 594, 359, 755, 1755, 14838, 1806, 753, 247, 2101, 2663, 437, 34031, 6224, 10816, 15, 187, 187, 14, 18552, 17244, 21405, 453, 187, 187, 510, 10417, 322, 412, 41911, 187, 187, 4604, 26798, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 17132, 13477, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4480, 297, 574, 3735, 326, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 13, 253, 6423, 273, 380, 308, 6472, 273, 253, 1608, 2663, 285, 8072, 1417, 10540, 1157, 369, 3551, 281, 1457, 2816, 281, 5752, 347, 253, 4936, 278, 19032, 273, 253, 27899, 6258, 28768, 15, 1244, 594, 359, 1925, 779, 598, 275, 9972, 281, 923, 604, 344, 574, 2326, 253, 3332, 9037, 273, 41069, 457, 84, 380, 322, 412, 4011, 375, 326, 574, 41879, 1070, 342, 253, 289, 1575, 90, 2523, 273, 1880, 27899, 369, 247, 8928, 8080, 390, 247, 32402, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 1333, 253, 3159, 773, 84, 412, 41911, 668, 281, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 14, 10002, 556, 4197, 8307, 273, 1444, 284, 13, 1690, 3905, 39878, 22722, 387, 3905, 19866, 66, 285, 7055, 395, 302, 387, 253, 6365, 14, 395, 344, 11403, 22218, 3737, 8449, 659, 796, 13, 417, 5490, 28257, 6352, 5391, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1276, 556, 27899, 1694, 281, 513, 342, 841, 34715, 4011, 375, 7721, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 3078, 281, 871, 964, 773, 2513, 627, 1633, 670, 32146, 7721, 187, 187, 510, 13775, 369, 16481, 598, 13, 285, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 5544, 326, 344, 3589, 457, 85, 7615, 342, 5119, 27917, 457, 84, 2962, 15, 773, 2302, 13, 359, 6468, 457, 85, 2326, 352, 1806, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 753, 15, 773, 25179, 13, 359, 452, 644, 10208, 598, 273, 1146, 16264, 347, 253, 16175, 1387, 273, 353, 41067, 15, 1198, 1107, 13, 359, 457, 250, 8913, 371, 8211, 327, 253, 34970, 38515, 353, 41067, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 369, 625, 6110, 275, 5015, 670, 1529, 34715, 41911, 27, 521, 3563, 3331, 17100, 9368, 284, 13, 253, 773, 8656, 14959, 405, 668, 273, 24342, 13, 347, 344, 1925, 617, 15, 1623, 8216, 13, 3821, 15, 884, 13, 253, 6423, 588, 8041, 247, 370, 9519, 14, 66, 14, 42186, 5649, 9273, 273, 521, 6323, 3085, 13, 9368, 284, 7995, 332, 1157, 387, 253, 1503, 25362, 25281, 32286, 15, 1294, 2638, 84, 432, 253, 2362, 13, 534, 310, 1146, 17386, 407, 253, 27899, 30299, 6807, 13, 588, 564, 281, 253, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 37047, 1456, 10980, 323, 253, 15118, 15, 187, 187, 18765, 9368, 284, 13, 665, 4962, 275, 14960, 13, 6940, 247, 246, 1752, 1238, 14, 26214, 1495, 313, 250, 13350, 342, 247, 37274, 2389, 18830, 342, 35274, 1623, 34119, 14, 1628, 66, 11527, 13216, 13, 984, 344, 11069, 3253, 1475, 779, 1806, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 753, 582, 253, 6423, 773, 48879, 457, 85, 971, 281, 513, 247, 657, 15, 42, 15, 49, 15, 20565, 6440, 1425, 7820, 13, 344, 5544, 13, 773, 42, 1663, 3078, 281, 2028, 253, 952, 665, 2389, 3440, 849, 2834, 352, 310, 323, 247, 21242, 281, 320, 247, 21242, 15, 1737, 352, 4815, 8139, 281, 5115, 326, 7880, 26835, 15, 1244, 849, 2834, 352, 310, 281, 1978, 326, 26835, 1425, 187, 187, 18635, 332, 9368, 284, 1157, 534, 556, 2568, 281, 1089, 271, 2448, 43064, 13, 310, 247, 27710, 1007, 387, 253, 1390, 1740, 2607, 273, 253, 24342, 16057, 457, 84, 1495, 15, 329, 5561, 14, 4152, 12634, 14, 20723, 2013, 90, 7854, 790, 14, 585, 8498, 707, 253, 2469, 14, 379, 14, 5994, 16057, 13, 4546, 407, 401, 10059, 1780, 69, 386, 13, 281, 1056, 247, 2962, 273, 10556, 326, 294, 14, 6953, 617, 954, 27795, 24342, 16226, 970, 2469, 19654, 273, 617, 4318, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1147, 2987, 1077, 973, 13, 533, 417, 323, 17100, 9368, 284, 13, 665, 2296, 13, 2802, 1552, 310, 247, 9116, 4117, 668, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 753, 15, 1292, 13, 344, 2879, 13, 275, 6612, 13, 253, 2017, 66, 457, 84, 34537, 281, 824, 19812, 550, 494, 7465, 2210, 342, 247, 344, 30399, 4376, 15, 773, 2042, 368, 3153, 323, 26835, 13, 672, 26835, 34654, 13, 368, 452, 2717, 2010, 281, 513, 533, 3150, 1806, 344, 753, 15, 773, 2993, 2427, 387, 253, 2363, 273, 8255, 13, 1077, 2872, 15, 1500, 1904, 457, 85, 2997, 253, 10343, 13, 253, 4146, 1178, 38715, 428, 6689, 858, 417, 2997, 352, 15, 187, 187, 14067, 521, 7269, 2363, 13, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 3548, 457, 85, 4704, 323, 521, 2940 ]	fall in love, go to the Woodfield Mall outside Chicago and are joined by Abraham’s mother, Oprah Winfrey.” Ms. Winfrey’s character is smuggled into a nuclear-power plant and killed by F.B.I. agents before the plot is revealed to have been “an elaborate fantasy.” Mr. Jones’ other book, Ginny Good , (formerly titled Dead Ginny ), is a memoir about the (apparently substantial) amount of time he spent in Haight-Ashbury during the 60’s with a woman he claims was the original hippie. HarperCollins Publishers editor Daniel Menaker passed on Astral Weekend with a long note remarking on the “absolutely wonderful” stuff throughout the manuscript. Mr. Menaker’s concern was the “episodicness which forces the book to rely on its generally riffflike [ sic ] nature.” Mr. Jones’ didn’t take it well: “Dear Dan: I got your note. The only parts I understood were the parts about how wonderful it was. You lost me when you had to resort to combining jazz ostinatos with subatomic particle theory in order to explain why you’re not going to publish the son of a bitch. Gary Fisketjon dissed my ass too, but with considerably less effusiveness.” Other recipients of Mr. Jones’ inquiries have been considerably less enthusiastic. Simon & Schuster editor Mitchell Ivers wrote: “My two cents: get an agent.” Then, “Who are you? You must be a virus. I’m deleting your first email. Identify yourself or to hell with your spam.” For those interested in the complete picture, Mr. Ivers’ e-mail and the entire correspondence is published on Everyonewhoanyone.com. Also not amused is Andrew Zack, who runs the Zack Company Inc. Mr. Jones said by phone that Mr. Zack was the only person to effectively prevent him from using his information, and called Mr. Zack “a twerpy little agent who believes he has some kind of rights to his own address and phone number.” Mr. Zack responded, “I think Mr. Jones’ quotes speak for themselves,” adding that “Mr. Jones never requested permission to include me in his Web site. When I discovered that he had, I requested that he remove information that he had published, including e-mail correspondence and my direct e-mail address, which he only did after numerous complaints …. I do not believe Mr. Jones is providing a service to authors or anyone else in the publishing industry, and there are much better resources out there in the marketplace.” Mr. Jones just doesn’t get why his stuff hasn’t found a home while other books sit on best-seller racks in Barnes & Noble. “I’ve read a lot of books that totally barfed me through the roof in terms of any kind of craft or art or sensibility or truth,” he said. -Rebecca Traister Sprewell’s Rim Job The $250,000 fine that Latrell Sprewell has been ordered to pay the Knicks may be the largest in the team’s history, but even with his suspension, he shouldn’t break a sweat coming up with the dough. You see, Mr. Sprewell’s wheel rims are hot, hot, hot. Around the time of his last suspension-that would be the 1997-98 season, when he reportedly lost $6.4 million in salary for choking Golden State Warrior coach P.J. Carlesimo-Mr. Sprewell opened Sprewell Racing, a high-performance auto-accessories store in San Gabriel, Calif., that “displays over a million dollars in showroom inventory,” according to its Web site. And one of those products, Davin Wheels-tire rims tricked up with a rotating attachment that continues spinning after the car comes to a stop-have been coveted by the hip-hop and private-school crowds ever since Mr. Sprewell appeared on MTV’s Cribs driving an E-class Mercedes Benz outfitted with the snazzy accessories. But these are no Razor scooters. A set of the rims-which are known more commonly as “Sprewells” or “Spinners” -sells for as much as $20,000. “They just really freak people out,” said John Jarasa, managing editor of Dub , a magazine that focuses on auto parts. “The effect that it gives off is incredible. The people beside you are ready to just go through the intersection-they think you’re still rolling!” Mr. Sprewell-who owns 10 luxury cars, including a Lamborghini Diablo-did not invent the Davins, but was the first celebrity to publicize them via his Mercedes and, later, his company. But the list of Sprewells owners is eminently boldfaceable. It includes rappers Coolio, Big Tymers, Wyclef Jean, Lil’ Wayne and Phat Joe, who have featured the rims in their car-centric music videos. The rims are just as popular among sports stars and Hollywood actors and actresses, and they also appeared in the movie The Fast and the Furious . “Shaq had a set of them on his S-class Mercedes. Plus, kids love them,” said Mr. Jarasa. Yep. In New York City private schools, the rims are all the rage. “Everyone wants them,” said a senior from Riverdale. “But even if I could afford them, I’d only have them for like 10 seconds. They’d get stolen if you left your car out on the street. You couldn’t even go get an ice cream or anything.” While most kids with rim fixations settle for a more reasonably priced imitation, called Spin-Tek, that sell for $2,000 a set, Sprewells are still jumping off the racks. “The demand here is high, so we get top dollar,” said a Sprewell Racing salesperson. -Alexandra Wolfe The Real Soprano Franco Zeffirelli sounded confused. The Transom had heard that Mr. Zeffirelli, the director of The Taming of the Shrew and Endless Love , was coming to New York to serve as the grand marshal of the Columbus Day parade. And so we called him up in Italy to see if he had seen the recent episode of HBO’s The Sopranos that had grappled with the thorny issue of whether Columbus was a cultural hero or a villain. But say the word “soprano” to Mr. Zeffirelli-who has produced hundreds of operas, including La Bohème at La Scala and Turandot at the Met-and he sees Frederica von Stade, not James Gandolfini. “What has Columbus got to do with these sopranos?” Mr. Zeffirelli wanted to know . “Is there something about singers?” The confusion was cleared up, and Mr. Zeffirelli explained that he wasn’t familiar with David Chase’s series. “No, we haven’t seen it,” Mr. Zeffirelli said. “Actually, we have been fed up of being painted as the ethnic group of Mafia. For years, we’re banqueting on the Sicilian Mafia.” Mr. Zeffirelli was more interested in talking about another soprano: his late friend Maria Callas, the “high priestess” of opera, as he called her. On Thursday, Oct. 10, the director will attend a $250-a-ticket benefit screening of his latest film, Callas Forever , at the Ziegfeld Theater. Proceeds from the event, which is being hosted by the Columbus Citizens Foundation, will go to the Zeffirelli Scholarship Fund for the Arts. Though Callas, who died in 1977, lived a tabloid-worthy life (replete with a tortured love affair with Aristotle Onassis-“a terrible personality, because he destroyed everything around him,” Mr. Zeffirelli said), the director “didn’t want to do a V.I.P. scandal movie.” Instead, he explained, “I really wanted to tell the people who love music how difficult it is for a genius to be a genius. What it costs … to achieve that absolute perfection. And how difficult it is to keep that perfection.” Forever Callas , which has yet to find an American distributor, is a hypothetical look at the last four months of the opera singer’s life. A rock-band promoter-Jeremy Irons-convinces the past-her-prime singer, played by Fanny Ardant, to make a series of videos that re-create her most memorable opera performances using past recordings of her voice. “It works very well, but not for Maria Callas, who says, ‘This is a fraud,'” Mr. Zeffirelli said. But, he added, in reality, the diva’s devotion to such impeccable standards came with a hefty price. “If you live for perfection, when perfection disappears, you have nothing else to do but die,” he said. “She went at the age of 54, very young. She didn’t accept the decline, the Sunset Boulevard -she did not accept it. Despite his advanced age, Mr. Zeffirelli isn’t ready for his walk
[ 2270, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1762, 15, 21149, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 3071, 27, 2945, 15, 1036, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 2597, 4185, 50275, 20, 15, 24562, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 23139, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1010, 50275, 17, 15, 2597, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1706, 15, 25, 2251, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 2904, 15, 2358, 5, 50275, 14, 1047, 15, 23, 20785, 50275, 19, 15, 16587, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 29412, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1036, 50275, 17, 15, 2357, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 361, 15, 44238, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 883, 27, 2941, 15, 1438, 5, 50275, 14, 938, 15, 25, 28836, 50275, 18, 15, 20216, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 15017, 1610, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 2405, 50275, 17, 15, 2511, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3156, 15, 13397, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 3680, 15, 2950, 5, 50275, 14, 1010, 15, 3141, 1857, 50275, 17, 15, 48224, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 28871, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1610, 50275, 17, 15, 2055, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 361, 15, 26, 1812, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 2405, 15, 4739, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 1438, 4148, 50275, 19, 15, 23360, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 28333, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1839, 50275, 17, 15, 2691, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2125, 15, 9104, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 2405, 15, 2055, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 14209, 50275, 18, 15, 31358, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 15017, 1549, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1839, 50275, 17, 15, 2270, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2904, 15, 19321, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 1706, 15, 3571, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 23, 28873, 50275, 18, 15, 17599, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 30413, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 3156, 50275, 17, 15, 4739, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1787, 15, 25039, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 805, 15, 2504, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 2125, 1671, 50275, 17, 15, 33868, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 29579, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 2031, 50275, 17, 15, 3593, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1235, 15, 24769, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 3079, 15, 3071, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 2125, 1237, 50275, 18, 15, 26541, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 13930, 1867, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 3046, 50275, 17, 15, 2691, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1797, 15, 28933, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 1867, 15, 883, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 3953, 1967, 50275, 19, 15, 27244, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 19035, 740, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 3655, 50275, 17, 15, 2511, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1797, 15, 26, 1812, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 883, 27, 3011, 15, 2222, 5, 50275, 14, 938, 15, 3071, 1812, 50275, 18, 15, 25, 746, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 35488, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 2511, 50275, 17, 15, 2597, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1706, 15, 25008, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 3011, 15, 3357, 5, 50275, 14, 1166, 15, 1047, 3245, 50275, 17, 15, 26942, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 30467, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 4739, 50275, 17, 15, 2597, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3583, 15, 32960, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 740, 27, 1010, 15, 2405, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 3680, 1540, 50275, 19, 15, 9913, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 28703, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2941, 50275, 17, 15, 4529, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2904, 15, 35808, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 1047, 15, 1857, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 41545, 50275, 20, 15, 45153, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 33505, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2922, 50275, 17, 15, 2270, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2405, 15, 29917, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 3712, 15, 1671, 5, 50275, 14, 1010, 15, 1540, 1787, 50275, 19, 15, 38862, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 19765, 1867, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1093, 50275, 17, 15, 4739, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2945, 15, 41612, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 1047, 15, 4185, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 25, 20991, 50275, 19, 15, 15046, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 35866, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1797, 50275, 17, 15, 2222, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1237, 15, 14351, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2941, 27, 2417, 15, 1438, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 24, 34920, 50275, 19, 15, 16198, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 41325, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1099, 50275, 17, 15, 2270, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2904, 15, 26, 1047, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 2405, 15, 3141, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 2082, 2504, 50275, 20, 15, 14840, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 24133, 1093, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1717, 50275, 17, 15, 4590, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 520, 15, 31055, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 1671, 15, 3571, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 24, 24264, 50275, 18, 15, 46043, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2874, 9104, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3156, 50275, 17, 15, 3953, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3011, 15, 28057, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2125, 27, 3439, 15, 2055, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 26, 30592, 50275, 19, 15, 8320, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 17553, 3680, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2385, 50275, 17, 15, 4148, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1797, 15, 20207, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2904, 27, 740, 15, 1093, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 2055, 2055, 50275, 20, 15, 2874, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 17553, 2270, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3712, 50275, 17, 15, 4196, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 2950, 15, 33505, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 1867, 15, 3357, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 2357, 4185, 50275, 19, 15, 39338, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2874, 12347, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3439, 50275, 17, 15, 2222, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1619, 15, 35791, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 3680, 15, 2227, 5, 50275, 14, 938, 15, 2537, 2526, 50275, 20, 15, 39289, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 26313, 740, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2358, 50275, 17, 15, 4148, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1787, 15, 26, 2031, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 740, 27, 1237, 15, 2640, 5, 50275, 14, 1010, 15, 23, 16271, 50275, 18, 15, 29185, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 26313, 1540, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3566, 50275, 18, 15, 361, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 746, 15, 36709, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2640, 27, 2417, 15, 1237, 5, 50275, 14, 1166, 15, 1235, 1235, 50275, 19, 15, 49800, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 26313, 3677, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1976, 50275, 17, 15, 2222, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 361, 15, 22308, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 520, 15, 3832, 5, 50275, 14, 1166, 15, 1166, 2090, 50275, 19, 15, 39069, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 28059, 520, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3141, 50275, 18, 15, 520, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3079, 15, 46878, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 805, 27, 1731, 15, 2358, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 1012, 3583, 50275, 18, 15, 24, 1812, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 28835, 2941, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2270, 50275, 17, 15, 1525, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1508, 15, 17884, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 3071, 27, 1671, 15, 1976, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 3141, 1012, 50275, 20, 15, 30768, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 28835, 2904, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 4739, 50275, 17, 15, 1525, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1812, 15, 22, 2526, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2904, 27, 938, 15, 1610, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 1525, 2251, 50275, 19, 15, 19490, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 28835, 3832, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 4196, 50275, 18, 15, 520, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1867, 15, 22313, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 3071, 27, 3208, 15, 2526, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 2090, 3046, 50275, 21, 15, 39425, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2313, 7749, 5, 50275, 1012, 15, 4739, 50275, 18, 15, 1237, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3011, 15, 14009, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 1047, 15, 1857, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 1012, 2693, 50275, 17, 15, 46027, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2313, 13397, 5, 50275, 1047, 15, 2640, 50275, 18, 15, 1237, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2405, 15, 24, 2691, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2904, 27, 2640, 15, 883, 5, 50275, 14, 1166, 15, 2251, 2090, 50275, 17, 15, 45259, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2313, 11246, 5, 50275, 1047, 15, 3071, 50275, 18, 15, 1812, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2125, 15, 33868, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 2693, 15, 2227, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 1731, 3357, 50275, 17, 15, 5388, 187, 50276, 23796, 14022, 14022, 4372, 4372, 16213, 14022, 187, 187, 31455, 4181, 187, 1702, 187, 187, 510, 4181, 281, 25212, 575, 21, 23829, 310, 5667, 281, 15313, 253, 7368, 4872, 9941, 13, 285, 281, 6455, 1708, 715, 2280, 15, 496, 31247, 15354, 1162, 355, 15, 313, 6759, 67, 10, 352, 369, 4232, 326, 253, 7368, 310, 5148, 6793, 13, 342, 905, 7510, 16, 41, 696, 30, 12, 17, 15, 805, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 1762, 13, 285, 342, 271, 2363, 273, 337, 15, 23, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 18, 443, 6147, 15, 844, 39494, 1060, 253, 7368, 4181, 285, 28159, 2980, 407, 13532, 253, 48168, 273, 25212, 575, 21, 23829, 970, 253, 14599, 7602, 2758, 760, 313, 2887, 5270, 575, 20, 481, 831, 310, 2011, 275, 2667, 15, 575, 20, 15, 380, 7368, 7852, 323, 2758, 760, 310, 1077, 4518, 2931, 13, 342, 253, 6867, 16841, 273, 10444, 2363, 7368, 275, 253, 5935, 2919, 15, 380, 5935, 310, 4441, 387, 657, 426, 1458, 4231, 15, 329, 502, 1765, 5195, 275, 3295, 310, 4441, 387, 253, 1599, 9777, 657, 426, 2145, 15, 26, 15, 5761, 6114, 787, 10207, 685, 313, 55, 14, 42, 10, 669, 3549, 5, 470, 15, 25, 4231, 476, 320, 7368, 4797, 1213, 356, 3129, 398, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 1089, 326, 271, 310, 3770, 29037, 273, 337, 15, 22, 443, 6147, 313, 35, 560, 266, 1162, 355, 15, 4050, 10, 1805, 7598, 707, 253, 5281, 273, 253, 5935, 285, 253, 9777, 273, 253, 502, 1765, 15, 831, 21414, 4944, 11026, 247, 28159, 2980, 444, 9, 55, 14, 42, 10, 426, 470, 15, 24677, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 5523, 13, 285, 271, 5165, 5304, 4181, 28380, 313, 78, 14, 46, 1009, 64, 55, 5, 426, 1249, 15, 3547, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 2640, 4231, 13, 835, 20418, 403, 5998, 407, 5304, 15981, 15, 496, 643, 3000, 359, 21182, 18859, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 310, 3770, 29037, 342, 1675, 281, 253, 3558, 14, 37146, 407, 7494, 4234, 352, 2112, 253, 9118, 285, 11593, 3884, 10040, 3146, 13, 1919, 271, 12207, 4944, 812, 417, 320, 1119, 15, 831, 8018, 326, 253, 7368, 4181, 310, 374, 15, 19, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 18, 42746, 432, 253, 4146, 13, 5777, 2406, 685, 31247, 15354, 1162, 355, 15, 313, 6759, 67, 10, 6642, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 38727, 26129, 14199, 6803, 15, 2594, 2505, 323, 4278, 5774, 39, 525, 999, 15, 2265, 910, 3429, 26303, 33237, 986, 187, 187, 3138, 33822, 7441, 15, 380, 1669, 5370, 2722, 512, 253, 6114, 5189, 275, 657, 285, 309, 13, 1223, 253, 987, 5370, 2722, 23049, 2758, 760, 15, 380, 310, 3770, 29037, 310, 323, 271, 2363, 273, 337, 15, 22, 443, 6147, 285, 247, 33201, 1503, 30, 17, 15, 14521, 880, 1470, 19, 15, 2265, 910, 3429, 26303, 33237, 986, 187, 187, 33412, 4038, 8115 ]	90 $12:24:05.244$ $-58:06:42.16$ -18.8798 3.374 $NGC4337\_000370$ 15.15 0.87 $12:24:34.867$ $-58:09:08.68$ -14.6227 2.360 $NGC4337\_000372$ 15.16 0.77 $12:24:00.091$ $-58:11:03.80$ -20.8658 1.395 $NGC4337\_000433$ 15.31 0.89 $12:23:41.124$ $-58:09:58.46$ -15.7845 0.812 $NGC4337\_000443$ 15.33 0.88 $12:24:00.936$ $-58:07:31.91$ -18.8097 2.286 $NGC4337\_000459$ 15.38 0.86 $12:24:04.010$ $-58:05:31.88$ -19.1991 1.498 $NGC4337\_000460$ 15.38 0.90 $12:24:08.304$ $-58:09:34.63$ -16.6502 1.188 $NGC4337\_000474$ 15.41 0.91 $12:23:37.354$ $-58:07:12.47$ -18.0435 0.898 $NGC4337\_000484$ 15.44 0.81 $12:23:50.407$ $-58:09:43.06$ -19.0432 1.695 $NGC4337\_000539$ 15.59 0.86 $12:24:21.283$ $-58:07:39.11$ -19.9470 2.048 $NGC4337\_000610$ 15.73 0.89 $12:24:21.936$ $-58:11:57.95$ -20.0636 1.819 $NGC4337\_000682$ 15.89 0.87 $12:23:34.356$ $-58:09:57.53$ -17.1483 0.704 $NGC4337\_000694$ 15.91 0.87 $12:23:52.399$ $-58:10:15.31$ -19.5864 2.160 $NGC4337\_000756$ 16.03 0.92 $12:24:08.902$ $-58:07:14.45$ -16.0065 3.533 $NGC4337\_000778$ 16.07 0.90 $12:24:31.361$ $-58:07:51.35$ -15.6437 2.530 $NGC4337\_000839$ 16.18 0.91 $12:24:42.842$ $-58:09:14.98$ -18.8237 2.170 $NGC4337\_000853$ 16.21 0.95 $12:24:32.122$ $-58:03:55.80$ -16.7957 2.156 $NGC4337\_000881$ 16.25 0.90 $12:24:08.914$ $-58:05:31.78$ -18.6547 3.175 $NGC4337\_000918$ 16.29 0.93 $12:24:01.690$ $-58:05:35.63$ -16.7409 1.717 $NGC4337\_001010$ 16.41 0.94 $12:23:57.686$ $-58:04:54.88$ -19.9451 2.400 $NGC4337\_001058$ 16.48 0.97 $12:24:21.312$ $-58:08:10.18$ -18.8888 3.001 $NGC4337\_001090$ 16.51 0.96 $12:23:46.778$ $-58:09:39.53$ -19.7798 2.552 $NGC4337\_001108$ 16.54 0.95 $12:24:28.673$ $-58:05:58.85$ -20.4966 3.097 $NGC4337\_001210$ 16.68 0.97 $12:23:37.944$ $-58:10:32.02$ -15.6153 1.449 $NGC4337\_001264$ 16.74 1.00 $12:24:19.078$ $-58:02:55.32$ -17.5050 2.688 $NGC4337\_001271$ 16.75 0.95 $12:24:00.290$ $-58:05:01.61$ -17.1769 2.417 $NGC4337\_001301$ 16.78 1.01 $12:23:43.613$ $-58:12:26.68$ -18.1352 1.736 $NGC4337\_001403$ 16.90 0.99 $12:23:23.040$ $-58:06:35.75$ -16.7813 3.057 $NGC4337\_001408$ 16.91 0.99 $12:23:36.566$ $-58:08:20.33$ -18.9967 2.245 $NGC4337\_001461$ 16.96 1.01 $12:23:39.266$ $-58:06:56.66$ -16.6959 4.066 $NGC4337\_100110$ 13.91 1.32 $12:23:57.209$ $-58:07:14.45$ -16.1309 0.554 $NGC4337\_100124$ 14.02 1.32 $12:24:31.786$ $-58:08:02.11$ -17.6769 0.544 $NGC4337\_100130$ 14.06 1.36 $12:24:04.898$ $-58:05:09.85$ -18.2653 0.500 ------------------- ------- ------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------- ------- Cluster distance ================ The distance to NGC 4337 is essential to derive the cluster linear radius, and to convert light into mass. In Carraro et al. (2014b) it was established that the cluster is metal rich, with \[Fe/H\]=+0.12$\pm$0.05, and with an age of 1.6$\pm$0.1 Gyr. We refine here the cluster distance and reddening by fitting the CMD of NGC 4337 using the radial velocity members only (see Table 3). This is shown in Fig. 3. The cluster MS for members only is very clearly defined, with the typical curvature of intermediate age cluster in the TO region. The TO is located at V = 15 mag. A clump spread in color is located at the mean magnitude V = 13.9. Two stars bluer than (V-I) $\sim$ 0.8 mag can be cluster blue stragglers. We find that an isochrone of 1.5 Gyr (Bressan et al. 2012) better reproduces the shape of the TO and the magnitude of the clump. This convincing fit yields a reddening E(V-I) = 0.385$\pm$0.005, and an apparent visual distance modulus (m-M)$_V$ = 12.72$\pm$0.02 mag, where uncertainties are estimated by visual inspection. In other words we eyeballed the location of the isochrone with respect to the member-stars by displacing it along the vertical and horizontal direction iteratively, until an acceptable fit could not be found. This implies that the cluster distance is 2.2$\pm$0.1 kpc from the Sun, slightly lower than Carraro et al. (2014b) estimate. ![Spectroscopic membership assessment. See text for details.](Fignew.eps){width="\columnwidth"} ![Distance determination. The left panel shows all the stars detected in V and I, while the right panel shows RV members only. The isochrone is for an age of 1.5 Gyr and a metallicity Z=0.025](Fig2.eps){width="\columnwidth"} Surface density maps
[ 8763, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 2915, 551, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 50274, 3429, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 14849, 27, 4284, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 10467, 4355, 35896, 13, 20155, 14, 40004, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1249, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 8476, 14, 3281, 27, 577, 28, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 4537, 14, 7135, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 1852, 18895, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19161, 14, 13217, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 2385, 13, 8988, 13, 9523, 558, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 14425, 13, 329, 3760, 13, 20155, 14, 40004, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19161, 14, 12432, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 2385, 13, 8988, 13, 9523, 558, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 686, 22434, 4355, 35896, 1383, 20155, 14, 40004, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19161, 14, 27095, 551, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 686, 23083, 3703, 12693, 1383, 308, 15809, 13, 20155, 14, 40004, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 1968, 27, 22424, 3280, 551, 187, 50274, 3364, 14, 20644, 27, 470, 470, 495, 3498, 6780, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 3423, 1178, 60, 25050, 62, 5203, 27, 22424, 3280, 551, 187, 50274, 3364, 14, 20644, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 6082, 14, 9576, 1189, 14, 13299, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 13866, 14, 6172, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 968, 5344, 14, 6377, 14, 42152, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 3168, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 44338, 14, 11814, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 10492, 27, 337, 3498, 4891, 46206, 9, 1540, 5294, 6705, 5294, 6705, 34649, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 27422, 27, 13294, 14, 3364, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 11536, 27, 13294, 14, 3364, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 67, 35308, 14, 24712, 14, 5560, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 13866, 14, 6172, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 1638, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 8196, 13, 21982, 13, 24665, 558, 187, 50274, 26806, 14, 8623, 27, 4766, 28, 187, 50274, 11300, 14, 5641, 27, 1024, 1761, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 337, 3498, 577, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 8623, 27, 1669, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1903, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 2622, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 6712, 27, 13433, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 20644, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 3168, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 428, 18, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 818, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 3775, 14, 8559, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 2502, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 3775, 14, 5423, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 14256, 13, 11084, 13, 11084, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19720, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 6520, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 7880, 28, 187, 50274, 3956, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 1274, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 918, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 10492, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 91, 14, 4663, 27, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 45185, 15, 24210, 551, 187, 50274, 23210, 27, 6753, 28, 187, 50274, 3429, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 94, 187, 187, 45185, 15, 19720, 15, 24210, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 470, 470, 577, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 551, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 73, 3111, 27, 1439, 29369, 16191, 10, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50274, 1274, 27, 495, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 918, 27, 495, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 32267, 9, 3208, 13, 16493, 13, 26517, 13, 470, 15, 18, 558, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 608, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 91, 14, 4663, 27, 428, 18, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 1274, 27, 428, 25463, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 16191, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 45328, 2960, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 249, 14, 11536, 4697, 964, 30703, 551, 187, 50274, 483, 1282, 27, 337, 3498, 24817, 3644, 35579, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 28419, 14, 35505, 14, 1189, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 428, 19, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 3956, 27, 374, 3498, 4891, 46206, 9, 3208, 13, 16493, 13, 26517, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 27, 16651, 632, 15, 16191, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 3208, 13, 16493, 13, 26517, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 27, 16651, 632, 15, 5598, 15, 16191, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 3168, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 13, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 8919, 551, 187, 50274, 3550, 14, 4826, 14, 881, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 14, 2369, 14, 17333, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 8919, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 1249, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 551, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 27745, 27, 11591, 2824, 261, 28, 187, 50274, 11300, 14, 5641, 27, 1024, 1761, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 27, 16651, 632, 15, 16191, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 3168, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 27, 16651, 632, 15, 16191, 475, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 30686, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 9599, 27, 1669, 28, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 4537, 14, 7135, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 5695, 27, 9688, 9, 30128, 16, 44338, 8880, 31599, 545, 84, 15, 8567, 558, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 3281, 27, 35362, 3498, 21748, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 6071, 27, 346, 66, 3664, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 13955, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 20644, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 3956, 27, 374, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 3429, 27, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 27, 1439, 29369, 5598, 10, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 13955, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 33, 8236, 3383, 20726, 14, 1222, 14, 10933, 14, 29206, 14, 29603, 27, 337, 15, 22, 10, 551, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 5695, 27, 9688, 9, 30128, 16, 44338, 8880, 31599, 545, 84, 64, 19, 89, 15, 8567, 558, 187, 94, 187, 94, 3476, 3420, 1738, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 3321, 27, 428, 21, 3498, 428, 4196, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 7749, 13, 9199, 13, 9199, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 5598, 15, 4347, 12086, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 3321, 27, 428, 938, 3498, 428, 4196, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 8919, 15, 13863, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 8919, 15, 13863, 15, 4347, 12086, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19402, 14, 10773, 263, 14, 9134, 14, 1590, 551, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 4826, 27, 36037, 280, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 7003, 14, 264, 2996, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 1852, 18895, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 43101, 27, 5293, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 27, 7985, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 551, 187, 50274, 27745, 14, 89, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 71, 20, 71, 20, 71, 20, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 81, 1351, 14, 5564, 14, 8060, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 23, 13, 721, 13, 721, 558, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 13955, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 27, 337, 3498, 4891, 46206, 9, 15429, 13, 19939, 13, 19939, 558, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 1796, 70, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 5695, 27, 4872, 14, 29844, 9, 936, 5004, 13, 46206, 9, 20438, 13, 28485, 13, 28485, 582, 46206, 9, 20360, 13, 26879, 13, 26879, 4027, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 1249, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 6243, 30253, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 81, 1351, 14, 5564, 14, 8060, 27, 4507, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 21351, 13, 23917, 13, 23917, 558, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 5695, 27, 4872, 14, 29844, 9, 936, 5004, 13, 46206, 9, 19332, 13, 26771, 13, 26771, 582, 46206, 9, 20487, 13, 27862, 13, 27862, 4027, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 13, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 964, 13863, 551, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 3550, 14, 4826, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4674, 551, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 1283, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 337, 3498, 884, 3498, 721, 3498, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11300, 14, 5641, 27, 1024, 1761, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 4529, 13, 9199, 13, 17181, 558, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 20644, 27, 32267, 9, 10637, 13, 15215, 13, 15215, 13, 470, 15, 1976, 10, 470, 337, 3498, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4835, 551, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 5540, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 608, 3498, 470, 608, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11300, 14, 5641, 27, 1024, 1761, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 14, 89, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 14, 90, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 5910, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 3956, 27, 337, 3498, 4891, 13955, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 964, 13863, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 964, 13863, 15, 4347, 12086, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4674, 559, 964, 13863, 2239, 964, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4835, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 884, 3498, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4674, 559, 964, 13863, 15, 6795, 2239, 964, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4835, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 1722, 3498, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 2239, 964, 13863, 2239, 964, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4835, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 5345, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 2239, 964, 13863, 2239, 964, 13863, 2239 ]	hidden; } body { height: 100%; width: 100%; position: relative; overflow: hidden; margin: 0; cursor: default; font-family: Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; tab-size: 4; -webkit-user-select: none; color: #222; } .platform-linux { color: rgb(48, 57, 66); font-family: Ubuntu, Arial, sans-serif; } .platform-mac { color: rgb(48, 57, 66); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; } .platform-windows { font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, sans-serif; } label:hover input { box-shadow: 0 0 3px highlight; } fieldset[disabled] label:hover input { box-shadow: none; } .object-popover-container { display: inline-block; } .inspected-page-placeholder { background-color: white; } .toolbar-background { padding-left: 1px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(64%, 64%, 64%); background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: padding-box; } .bubble-repeat-count { display: inline-block; height: 14px; background-color: rgb(128, 151, 189); vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; padding: 1px 4px; text-align: left; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; text-shadow: none; color: white; margin-top: -1px; border-radius: 7px; } .error-message { color: red; } .error-input { background-color: rgb(220, 130, 130); } .panel { display: flex; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 0; } iframe.extension { flex: auto; width: 100%; height: 100%; } iframe.panel.extension { display: block; height: 100%; } .outline-disclosure { padding: 0 0 0 4px; margin: 0; } .outline-disclosure li { position: relative; } .outline-disclosure li.hovered:not(.selected) .selection { display: block; left: 3px; right: 3px; background-color: rgba(56, 121, 217, 0.1); border-radius: 5px; } .outline-disclosure li .selection { display: none; z-index: -1; margin-left: -10000px; } .outline-disclosure li.selected .selection { display: block; background-color: #dadada; } .outline-disclosure li.in-clipboard .highlight { outline: 1px dotted darkgrey; } .outline-disclosure li.elements-drag-over .selection { display: block; margin-top: -2px; border-top: 2px solid rgb(56, 121, 217); } ol.outline-disclosure:focus li.selected .selection { background-color: rgb(56, 121, 217); } ol.outline-disclosure:focus li.parent.selected::before { background-color: white; } ol.outline-disclosure, .outline-disclosure ol { list-style-type: none; } .outline-disclosure-no-padding { padding: 0; } .outline-disclosure ol { padding-left: 12px; } .outline-disclosure li { margin-top: 1px; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; } ol.outline-disclosure:focus li.selected { color: white; } ol.outline-disclosure:focus li.selected * { color: inherit; } .outline-disclosure li::before { float: left; -webkit-user-select: none; -webkit-mask-image: url(Images/toolbarButtonGlyphs.png); -webkit-mask-size: 352px 168px; content: "a"; color: transparent; text-shadow: none; position: relative; top: 2px; margin-right: 1px; width: 10px; height: 10px; } .outline-disclosure li:not(.parent)::before { background-color: transparent; } @media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) { .outline-disclosure li::before { -webkit-mask-image: url(Images/toolbarButtonGlyphs_2x.png); } } /* media */ .outline-disclosure li::before { -webkit-mask-position: -4px -96px; background-color: rgb(110, 110, 110); } .outline-disclosure li.parent.expanded::before { -webkit-mask-position: -20px -96px; } .outline-disclosure ol.children { display: none; } .outline-disclosure ol.children.expanded { display: block; } .properties-accessor-property-name { font-style: italic; } .child-editing { color: #222 !important; text-decoration: none !important; overflow: visible !important; } .sidebar { overflow-x: hidden; background-color: #f3f3f3; } .pane-title-button { color: rgb(6, 6, 6); background-color: transparent; border: 1px solid rgb(165, 165, 165); background-color: #eee; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgb(252, 252, 252), rgb(223, 223, 223)); border-radius: 12px; -webkit-appearance: none; } .pane-title-button:active { background-color: rgb(215, 215, 215); background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgb(194, 194, 194), rgb(239, 239, 239)); } .sidebar-tree, .sidebar-tree .children { position: relative; padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; } .sidebar-tree-section { position: relative; height: 18px; padding: 1px 10px 6px 10px; white-space: nowrap; margin-top: 1px; color: rgb(92, 110, 129); text-shadow: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75) 0 1px 0; } .sidebar-tree-item { position: relative; height: 36px; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; white-space: nowrap; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; margin-top: 1px; line-height: 34px; border-top: 1px solid transparent; } .sidebar-tree .children { display: none; } .sidebar-tree .children.expanded { display: block; } .sidebar-tree-section + .children > .sidebar-tree-item { padding-left: 10px !important; } .sidebar-tree-section + .children.small > .sidebar-tree-item { padding-left: 17px !important; } .sidebar-tree > .children > .sidebar-tree-item { padding-left: 37px; } .sidebar-tree > .children > .children >
[ 261, 11532, 436, 281, 452, 1633, 281, 513, 342, 247, 10551, 344, 1160, 275, 253, 2469, 13, 342, 521, 2045, 4475, 27, 703, 43725, 2200, 616, 806, 1429, 285, 672, 14656, 293, 261, 2546, 253, 7345, 281, 5321, 253, 1273, 1429, 689, 253, 4475, 13, 344, 9193, 326, 2656, 29163, 779, 407, 3192, 1097, 521, 4475, 285, 521, 1429, 1977, 15, 187, 187, 43755, 293, 261, 21936, 281, 16263, 247, 27343, 13, 594, 326, 344, 812, 387, 1878, 320, 12659, 347, 1907, 574, 247, 5389, 2872, 4475, 13, 943, 344, 452, 642, 33961, 281, 4035, 521, 17646, 15, 23142, 571, 18726, 13, 533, 347, 3517, 347, 253, 2872, 27343, 3344, 23981, 281, 6848, 253, 4564, 13, 344, 285, 23142, 571, 2965, 275, 2389, 15, 3344, 16965, 247, 3877, 281, 23142, 571, 13, 7004, 617, 281, 5007, 779, 247, 362, 511, 342, 246, 335, 2824, 15, 1500, 2722, 598, 387, 521, 3369, 342, 253, 246, 335, 2824, 13, 285, 597, 3651, 13884, 616, 2389, 15, 187, 187, 18978, 13, 23142, 571, 434, 3331, 13, 253, 2419, 50147, 17100, 13, 310, 275, 247, 1302, 5363, 50276, 3113, 253, 9168, 6773, 33277, 254, 13, 411, 4002, 78, 15, 411, 4002, 78, 310, 946, 8287, 275, 253, 246, 335, 532, 2791, 13, 285, 310, 2509, 3240, 973, 428, 16764, 281, 320, 10939, 47058, 285, 2104, 281, 17129, 17100, 13, 344, 1014, 27924, 521, 2136, 281, 1529, 6773, 33277, 254, 15, 2596, 1388, 13, 23142, 571, 13179, 84, 17100, 434, 35053, 285, 9851, 281, 247, 3816, 26196, 30571, 342, 3344, 15, 411, 4002, 78, 13, 6523, 23142, 571, 275, 253, 35053, 13, 16503, 617, 323, 17100, 13, 285, 3637, 617, 281, 617, 3816, 26196, 30571, 15, 7306, 6093, 407, 752, 344, 11121, 310, 17100, 434, 5369, 66, 334, 16858, 13, 344, 4566, 281, 247, 13384, 281, 277, 2924, 521, 26034, 84, 15, 1707, 247, 354, 5157, 687, 1768, 779, 273, 253, 1781, 2020, 273, 2583, 344, 556, 4270, 598, 327, 253, 246, 335, 532, 2791, 15, 2091, 344, 14177, 281, 19553, 253, 2583, 13, 344, 310, 20698, 598, 285, 49375, 21782, 264, 715, 253, 29401, 323, 8479, 247, 391, 1807, 316, 15, 187, 187, 14060, 14777, 281, 8773, 281, 253, 747, 1533, 342, 23142, 571, 13, 846, 1907, 2323, 273, 521, 1211, 275, 253, 246, 335, 532, 22898, 2791, 15, 754, 23238, 326, 253, 295, 4539, 387, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 313, 783, 345, 2254, 23142, 571, 2210, 432, 10, 7164, 246, 335, 2824, 275, 616, 23308, 15, 3344, 9437, 281, 20016, 690, 273, 253, 44312, 13, 533, 310, 19336, 562, 407, 253, 490, 67, 405, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 15, 2091, 344, 810, 1550, 14099, 13, 344, 15251, 3013, 285, 253, 490, 67, 405, 4245, 779, 253, 44312, 411, 4002, 78, 574, 8686, 1078, 344, 369, 13044, 715, 253, 29401, 15, 187, 187, 44906, 36683, 326, 703, 310, 12821, 342, 411, 4002, 78, 434, 1429, 15, 2726, 411, 4002, 78, 4783, 13, 253, 6858, 588, 320, 5686, 562, 273, 8764, 4348, 15, 17100, 11424, 617, 1617, 281, 23142, 571, 285, 37654, 281, 10313, 23142, 571, 434, 18830, 281, 14656, 293, 261, 13, 604, 14656, 293, 261, 497, 281, 1089, 562, 670, 617, 10438, 15, 23142, 571, 772, 31659, 342, 17100, 285, 21936, 281, 1509, 745, 253, 10438, 347, 617, 1211, 15, 2091, 253, 6858, 310, 5686, 13, 23142, 571, 588, 22830, 281, 3150, 275, 1429, 25857, 13, 594, 703, 476, 3553, 281, 320, 342, 3344, 13, 285, 17100, 588, 755, 281, 7164, 253, 1429, 347, 617, 1211, 342, 14656, 293, 261, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 17100, 4245, 4201, 281, 247, 6122, 285, 23142, 571, 3215, 1727, 281, 3150, 13, 14656, 293, 261, 310, 20993, 296, 695, 3612, 387, 253, 2957, 273, 521, 4475, 15, 23142, 571, 13, 762, 617, 49943, 13, 359, 2265, 347, 703, 36683, 326, 703, 556, 11617, 8513, 14656, 293, 261, 342, 617, 48548, 13, 533, 6524, 36683, 326, 352, 310, 1512, 3563, 281, 42137, 752, 703, 556, 2218, 15, 12521, 3163, 273, 5972, 13, 23142, 571, 6613, 1977, 285, 3344, 310, 7591, 281, 1089, 617, 15, 187, 187, 56, 4002, 78, 13, 10884, 846, 521, 47467, 275, 253, 29401, 13, 4566, 281, 923, 17100, 387, 14656, 293, 261, 434, 2419, 15, 17100, 310, 32986, 387, 779, 387, 806, 13, 533, 597, 3517, 42853, 15, 14656, 293, 261, 689, 248, 1032, 616, 11216, 48254, 272, 285, 253, 10313, 273, 253, 13445, 875, 17100, 13, 23142, 571, 13, 285, 3344, 15, 14656, 293, 261, 2789, 521, 6330, 342, 253, 5083, 13, 285, 7907, 84, 323, 253, 44744, 13, 835, 344, 9010, 2389, 285, 2789, 247, 2021, 13, 533, 760, 846, 806, 6108, 253, 2419, 281, 17100, 13, 411, 4002, 78, 13, 285, 253, 6858, 3226, 326, 344, 7636, 347, 521, 1211, 15, 187, 187, 33770, 1107, 1996, 13, 253, 490, 67, 405, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 12941, 3344, 285, 6849, 521, 28227, 273, 23142, 571, 15, 1500, 9791, 3013, 779, 323, 521, 12816, 13, 285, 36662, 779, 281, 6848, 247, 278, 1546, 275, 253, 6105, 15, 2091, 3344, 4453, 1066, 432, 13497, 253, 278, 1546, 13, 344, 11403, 23142, 571, 13, 665, 556, 7416, 253, 345, 2254, 13, 285, 597, 3894, 14510, 28582, 15, 187, 187, 19447, 535, 399, 1351, 1605, 41, 16189, 347, 3344, 3889, 9497, 375, 13, 247, 27343, 187, 49350, 571, 26189, 5945, 347, 23142, 571, 7889, 5711, 430, 13, 33260, 264, 4475, 281, 247, 20193, 24230, 187, 2828, 2689, 31580, 91, 347, 14656, 293, 261, 7889, 5711, 430, 13, 247, 20193, 759, 377, 2269, 1575, 24230, 187, 5332, 473, 8, 31116, 347, 411, 4002, 78, 4819, 76, 13, 247, 6773, 33277, 254, 187, 35627, 4705, 10672, 4940, 347, 17100, 13, 253, 7889, 5711, 8707, 457, 30302, 187, 4268, 74, 7682, 348, 347, 253, 26153, 405, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 187, 33208, 7667, 338, 757, 30441, 347, 17626, 902, 13, 13372, 281, 3344, 187, 18322, 33688, 347, 14690, 316, 13, 247, 3331, 285, 15629, 273, 3344, 187, 2639, 66, 1605, 282, 1382, 570, 347, 743, 3024, 5173, 13, 247, 246, 335, 532, 41739, 285, 38817, 36276, 187, 8174, 9045, 44019, 13409, 347, 6827, 15, 6061, 1208, 85, 13, 247, 7619, 22277, 187, 6270, 23253, 254, 347, 3196, 15, 322, 2061, 73, 13, 247, 12878, 2490, 330, 560, 4355, 11228, 284, 347, 6827, 15, 2951, 257, 13, 271, 1711, 3331, 273, 14656, 293, 261, 285, 23142, 571, 187, 15273, 16638, 2016, 347, 18063, 266, 372, 2896, 70, 13, 247, 246, 335, 532, 41739, 2490, 5119, 388, 609, 5308, 347, 2305, 15, 2604, 727, 13, 247, 8612, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 457, 84, 1716, 2254, 187, 187, 40582, 187, 510, 3085, 369, 8927, 9355, 281, 320, 1160, 275, 6157, 327, 247, 370, 2385, 3041, 7563, 13, 342, 41692, 5405, 13, 6018, 8432, 21570, 2205, 285, 8438, 13796, 43409, 347, 1421, 14142, 13, 2516, 33210, 257, 347, 6423, 285, 19436, 47634, 4978, 9603, 949, 20909, 21950, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 3275, 369, 37350, 1897, 1078, 352, 369, 11526, 281, 1265, 32539, 347, 247, 906, 273, 2544, 275, 2891, 4803, 13567, 3085, 3275, 275, 253, 5591, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 4163, 854, 13, 4072, 13, 253, 13992, 21261, 434, 378, 1370, 378, 312, 304, 14889, 70, 2361, 326, 20839, 34884, 15989, 651, 1480, 253, 3085, 342, 49350, 571, 26189, 5945, 7660, 281, 4177, 275, 253, 2554, 273, 23142, 571, 285, 326, 6397, 394, 6358, 3697, 80, 6736, 797, 84, 369, 1146, 7799, 323, 253, 5086, 1421, 15, 378, 312, 304, 14889, 70, 2361, 326, 34884, 15989, 2366, 342, 18014, 1219, 1988, 29927, 285, 24611, 49224, 13, 4425, 281, 5248, 26189, 5945, 323, 253, 3085, 15, 187, 187, 688, 4059, 13, 1219, 1988, 29927, 47199, 342, 49224, 281, 19855, 253, 3085, 846, 294, 14, 317, 371, 4261, 253, 3570, 281, 253, 3085, 432, 2956, 19581, 30200, 15, 496, 4437, 4072, 13, 399, 1351, 1605, 41, 16189, 369, 275, 12088, 281, 6604, 253, 5248, 15, 496, 5080, 4059, 13, 2828, 2689, 31580, 91, 7416, 253, 5248, 15, 496, 4162, 4059, 13, 35627, 4705, 10672, 4940, 13, 2639, 66, 1605, 282, 1382, 570, 13, 285, 5332, 473, 8, 31116, 7416, 253, 5248, 15, 496, 3978, 4059, 13, 4268, 74, 7682, 348, 369, 5248, 347, 253, 490, 67, 405, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 13, 665, 3936, 275, 33260, 264, 2151, 15, 2064, 1072, 1770, 50276, 15883, 23253, 254, 13, 330, 560, 4355, 11228, 284, 13, 285, 5119, 388, 609, 5308, 7416, 253, 5248, 15, 496, 4223, 4059, 13, 18322, 33688, 7416, 15, 47627, 353, 19613, 607, 13, 2488, 273, 253, 4460, 13, 671, 4620, 275, 253, 3085, 15, 24611, 49224, 5907, 11643, 31297, 868, 253, 2554, 273, 14690, 316, 13, 533, 253, 16057, 3531, 352, 1066, 1955, 281, 27387, 15272, 13, 285, 18322, 33688, 369, 5248, 3185, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10402, 273, 34075, 532, 401, 972, 2908, 15573, 14359, 25895, 444, 304, 300, 15341, 392, 13, 3275, 17039, 14698, 34694, 13, 28067, 17039, 6277, 473, 457, 38105, 13, 4707, 285, 1056, 14, 484, 17039, 10213, 22618, 285, 8121, 15940, 17410, 15, 6270, 659, 10468, 472, 12956, 253, 3601, 1993, 323, 253, 3085, 15, 380, 4693, 14, 3169, 29630, 22946, 9558, 27283, 30852, 2205, 858, 253, 3236, 38317, 326, 403, 2326, 275, 253, 3085, 15, 20882, 3599, 71, 1342, 9924, 253, 3085, 434, 4868, 15, 187, 187, 7047, 3987, 2335, 1659, 387, 27911, 3964, 6696, 275, 40726, 423, 13, 12808, 835, 3275, 13657, 247, 12916, 387, 253, 2143, 715, 247, 1722, 394, 14, 9888, 26653, 1997, 13261, 15, 380, 1824, 1106, 369, 671, 8818, 432, 20041, 13, 3426, 342, 14862, 265, 285, 1053, 12305, 14270, 1547, 81, 2135, 24853, 15, 9157, 13, 253, 2143, 434, 33924, 369, 908, 347, 253, 45367, 15789, 275, 253, 2926, 15, 5131, 32539, 8593, 2486, 7087, 14634, 33017, 13, 4716, 76, 3964, 313, 249, 37252, 582, 308, 300, 12473, 313, 249, 44057, 582, 12808, 4714, 6696, 313, 249, 33519, 16537, 582, 285, 387, 34289, 5308, 28359, 327, 2710, 12282, 4768, 3978, 285, 4163, 275, 4059, 15, 9074, 3987, 671, 2335, 1659, 275, 388, 1911, 257, 3964, 13, 18885, 17018, 19299, 15, 187, 187, 18992, 187, 20212, 486, 432, 253, 3085, 369, 22546, 275, 2552, 4104, 387, 253, 9934, 394, 29336, 265, 15913, 14964, 15, 496, 4565, 4104, 13, 253, 806, 2460, 273, 253, 3085, 15773, 49350, 571, 26189, 5945, 285, 2828, 2689, 31580, 91, 369, 4439, 15, 380, 3085, 369, 8927, 11526, 281, 320, 4439, 275, 4596, 4104, 13, 533, 369, 10184, 896, 281, 4163, 1458, 13, 4022, 285, 840, 13444, 969, 1919, 5080, 2164, 13, 4240, 15, 733, 369, 840, 7320, 432, 253, 10130, 13, 285, 1996, 4395, 281, 4223, 2030, 13, 4240, 15, 1623, 4223, 1668, 13, 4240, 13, 253, 3085, 369, 969, 13444, 13, 436, 673, 1146, 10184, 896, 247, 2129, 281, 4397, 337, 15, 380, 3085, 48228, 327, 4223, 2145, 13, 4240, 13, 387, 4693, 434, 322, 49132, 3995, 15, 187, 187, 7536, 3906, 187, 13, 34075, 532, 401, 972, 556, 13711, 264, 370, 19, 15, 21, 3041, 275, 253, 1986, 2077, 285, 6144, 285, 370, 22, 15, 26, 3041, 275, 643, 26949, 323, 247, 2264, 273, 370, 25, 15, 20, 3041, 13, 1411, 247, 3275, 7563, 273, 370, 1099, 3041, 15, 187, 187, 688, 3729, 3968, 13, 34075, 532, 401, 972, 369, 16589, 281, 13711, 370, 18, 1253, 19, 3041, 432, 818, 2082, 37807, 275, 697, 5909, 8849, 15, 733, 7402, 598, 11386, 272, 281, 370, 18, 15, 19, 3041, 4816, 18, 15, 22, 3041, 689, 253, 1740, 14, 1201, 9543, 6258, 8849, 10, 275, 752, 369, 253, 9065, 5678, 13319, 8849, 1580, 8065, 15, 9937, 6240, 5093, 37807, 275, 697, 1273, 8849, 13, 253, 3085, 8231, 6879, 15, 21, 6, 281, 370, 23025, 13, 7554, 13, 253, 5345, 394, 5962, 824, 5926, 275, 2892, 15, 187, 187, 42993, 2380, 187, 2374, 2278, 9406, 1080, 416, 7382, 6270, 45000, 13, 253, 3085, 556, 271, 9612, 13716, 273, 884, 6, 1754, 327, 8978, 10123, 13, 342, 271, 3388, 13716, 273, 577, 15, 21, 16, 740, 15, 380, 2670, 434, 4619, 13969, 9563, 13, 346, 53, 335, 532, 401, 972, 310, 247, 45788, 13, 3564, 297, 600, 14, 35758, 2180, 5313, 3807, 531, 407, 440, 38358, 17414, 285, 13622, 38542, 449, 1623, 6365, 317, 17425, 13, 534, 39360, 247, 12650, 3388, 13716, 281, 10123, 13, 253, 3085, 556, 271, 3388, 4868, 273, 6480 ]	is believes this to have something to do with a mistake he made in the past, with his previous wife: she miscarried their first child and when Cornelis asked the doctor to save the second child over the wife, he feels that God punished him by taking both his wife and his child away. Cornelis decides to hire a painter, so that he could at least be remembered as having had a beautiful young wife, should he have no heir to continue his legacy. Sophia agrees, but as soon as the young painter Jan arrives to paint the couple, he and Sophia fall in love. Jan sends a note to Sophia, asking her to send him a vase with tulips. She shows up at his door with the tulips, and they consummate their love. Meanwhile, Sophia's friend, the housemaid Maria, is in a courtship with the neighborhood fishmonger, Willem. Willem is speculating in the tulip market, and is doing quite well - expecting to be independently prosperous and able to marry Maria, he even sells his business to another fishmonger. One day, Sophia borrows Maria's cloak and heads to a rendezvous with Jan. Willem, seeing Sophia in the cloak, mistakes her for Maria, and follows her to her rendezvous. Crushed by what he thinks is Maria's unfaithfulness, he goes to a pub to drown his sorrows. There a prostitute robs him of the large sum of money he has built up on the tulip market. When he tries to retrieve the money, he is beaten up and forcibly inducted into the navy for causing a ruckus. Jan plots to escape to the new world with Sophia, after having success of his own in the tulip speculation market. He hears that the nuns at St. Ursula (the convent Sophia came from) raise tulips in their gardens. Jan attempts to steal some of the bulbs, but is knocked out by the abbess of St. Ursula. When he regains consciousness, he apologises and the abbess gives him the bulbs Willem had bought before he was thrown into the navy. Maria realizes that she is pregnant with Willem's child. With Willem gone, the baby will be born out of wedlock. Maria explains her condition to Sophia and threatens to reveal Sophia's affair to Cornelis, if Cornelis were to find out about her pregnancy. Sophia conspires with Maria and decides to pass off the pregnancy as her own. When the baby is born, Sophia will pretend to die in childbirth, so she can leave to be with Jan, and Maria will get to raise the child as her own with Cornelis. After Maria gives birth to a daughter and Sophia pretends to die, Cornelis is griefstricken at the loss of his wife. Sophia, under her shroud, weeps as she realizes that she has deeply hurt Cornelis with her deceit, but eventually realizes that it is too late to undo what she has done. Ashamed of herself, Sophia runs away and Jan is unable to find her. Willem, returning after his stint in the navy, goes to see Maria at Cornelis's house. Maria is furious at him at first, but they soon reconcile. Cornelis overhears their loud quarreling and the reveal of the conspiracy between Maria, Sophia, and Jan. Cornelis makes his peace with the truth, and departs for the Indies, where he finds love and makes a family, but only after first leaving the house to Maria, Willem, and the baby girl that he loved as his own. Eight years later, the abbess of St. Ursula visits Jan and views his artwork of Sophia. She praises him for his talent, and commissions him to paint a mural in the church. When Jan looks down from painting the mural, he sees Sophia, who has joined the convent, and they share tender smiles. Cast Dane DeHaan as Jan van Loos, a painter Alicia Vikander as Sophia Sandvoort, orphaned wife to a wealthy merchant Christoph Waltz as Cornelis Sandvoort, a wealthy peppercorn merchant Jack O'Connell as Willem Brok, a fishmonger Holliday Grainger as Maria, the Sandvoorts’ maid Judi Dench as the Abbess of St. Ursula Zach Galifianakis as Gerrit, assistant to Jan Matthew Morrison as Mattheus, a friend and associate of Jan Cara Delevingne as Annetje, a tulip trader and petty thief Joanna Scanlan as Mrs. Overvalt, a dressmaker Tom Hollander as Dr. Sorgh, a physician Cressida Bonas as Mrs. Steen, an old friend of Cornelis and Sophia Kevin McKidd as Johan de Bye, a tulip trader David Harewood as Mr. Prater, a representative of St. Ursula’s Convent Production The film was originally planned to be made in 2004 on a $48 million budget, with Jude Law, Keira Knightley and Jim Broadbent as lead actors, John Madden as director and Steven Spielberg producing through DreamWorks. However, the production was halted days before it was scheduled to start filming as a result of changes in tax rules affecting film production in the UK. On July 8, 2013, the Daily Mail's Baz Bamigboye reported that Justin Chadwick would direct the film with Alicia Vikander attached to star in the role of Sophia and that Matthias Schoenaerts was being sought for the male lead. Bamigboye reported that Chadwick together with producers Alison Owen and Harvey Weinstein, decided to cast Vikander for the film. In 2014, Alison Owen partnered with Weinstein to restart the film after re-acquiring the rights to the film from Paramount Pictures. In October 2013, Dane DeHaan was in talks to join the cast. In February 2014, Christoph Waltz joined the cast. In April 2014, Holliday Grainger, Cara Delevingne, and Jack O'Connell joined the cast. In June 2014, Judi Dench was cast as the abbess of St. Ursula, who takes in orphaned children. That same month Tom Hollander, Cressida Bonas, and David Harewood joined the cast. In August 2014, Matthew Morrison joined. Deborah Moggach, author of the novel, also appears in the film. Harvey Weinstein offered Harry Styles the role of Mattheus, but the singer turned it down due to scheduling conflicts, and Matthew Morrison was cast instead. The crew of Tulip Fever included cinematographer Eigil Bryld, production designer Simon Elliott, costume designer Michael O’Connor, hair and make-up designer Daniel Phillips and editor Rick Russell. Tom Stoppard adapted the screenplay for the film. The London-based Welsh portrait artist Jamie Routley did the original portraits that are seen in the film. Danny Elfman composed the film's score. Filming took place at Cobham Hall in Gravesend, Kent where production transformed a wing at the school into a 17th-century Amsterdam Gracht. The waterway was also constructed from scratch, complete with barges and donkeys crossing humpback bridges. Additionally, the school's courtyard was used as the brewery yard in the story. Other filming locations include Norwich Cathedral, Holkham (in Norfolk), Tilbury (in Essex), Kentwell Hall (in Suffolk), and at Pinewood Studios on various dates throughout June and July in 2014. Filming also took place in Haddenham, Buckinghamshire. Release Footage from the film was screened in May 2015 at the 68th Cannes Film Festival. In December 2015, the first image of the film featuring Alicia Vikander and Christoph Waltz was released. The film was originally scheduled to be released in November 2015, but was pushed back to July 15, 2016 and then delayed again until February 24, 2017. It was then pulled from the schedule, and later moved to August 25, 2017. On August 16, 2017, the film was again delayed, this time being pushed back a week to September 1. The film premiered on August 13, 2017, at London's Soho House. Box office , Tulip Fever has grossed $2.4 million in the United States and Canada and $5.9 million in other territories for a total of $8.3 million, against a production budget of $25 million. In North America, Tulip Fever was projected to gross $1–2 million from 765 theaters in its opening weekend. It ended up debuting to $1.2 million ($1.5 million over the four-day Labor Day weekend) in what was the worst combined holiday weekend since 1998. Despite adding seven theaters in its second weekend, the film dropped 75.4% to $285,300, the 37th biggest such drop in history. Critical response On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 10% based on 59 reviews, with an average rating of 4.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Tulip Fever is a lush, handsomely-mounted period piece undone by uninspired dialogue and excessive plotting." On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized average rating to reviews, the film has an average score of 38
[ 1175, 15, 380, 12843, 11210, 626, 574, 1199, 281, 513, 323, 247, 1048, 673, 15, 754, 1833, 320, 5211, 281, 452, 247, 747, 3331, 15, 10338, 2119, 368, 1555, 779, 23395, 13, 344, 434, 247, 2372, 21140, 1024, 13, 4105, 2181, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 588, 937, 16246, 12316, 15, 346, 6723, 368, 1663, 1711, 13, 347, 973, 865, 187, 187, 3, 20598, 254, 685, 954, 952, 368, 1849, 2455, 1313, 13, 533, 2717, 751, 347, 41450, 347, 1175, 1711, 41668, 13, 1060, 449, 187, 187, 3, 38532, 937, 40152, 31505, 264, 21038, 15, 346, 2042, 368, 1472, 3240, 6699, 449, 187, 187, 23833, 14436, 521, 2927, 323, 16246, 434, 5649, 15, 346, 40112, 13702, 13, 16246, 15, 309, 1833, 923, 368, 10873, 13, 359, 1849, 1694, 8783, 281, 2312, 670, 449, 187, 187, 3, 23833, 937, 40152, 2546, 46572, 15, 346, 8917, 2263, 1748, 513, 352, 865, 187, 187, 34, 5699, 8580, 34645, 689, 521, 2454, 15, 346, 4013, 10902, 15, 754, 858, 352, 15, 380, 1219, 10398, 382, 310, 9238, 1025, 15, 3771, 347, 973, 13, 352, 369, 247, 45294, 273, 247, 10485, 449, 187, 187, 3, 12117, 474, 15, 1310, 597, 1871, 816, 34097, 3578, 591, 1399, 273, 616, 4668, 7563, 285, 512, 326, 6446, 8309, 414, 715, 6684, 616, 2675, 2515, 449, 187, 187, 3, 7420, 5250, 281, 253, 11516, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 6723, 368, 5015, 670, 29092, 865, 16246, 2546, 15, 346, 1276, 434, 344, 2218, 865, 187, 187, 3, 19234, 1077, 1175, 937, 7727, 753, 15, 187, 187, 3, 28488, 91, 5356, 937, 40152, 30807, 6079, 314, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1989, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 3, 15883, 5725, 13, 7353, 466, 937, 40152, 753, 18648, 15, 346, 37356, 342, 3253, 2010, 15, 309, 9023, 15, 10154, 1024, 13, 368, 1472, 1469, 281, 3722, 15, 3035, 602, 47308, 21041, 449, 187, 187, 23833, 27194, 13, 285, 7428, 1977, 15, 16246, 2918, 12843, 36938, 1411, 617, 3034, 2577, 347, 40152, 434, 1133, 13661, 715, 617, 896, 13, 4198, 3485, 617, 598, 253, 5018, 285, 715, 253, 448, 267, 292, 15, 1500, 17377, 1066, 387, 253, 9129, 8800, 969, 15, 3032, 22544, 5253, 2927, 15014, 987, 896, 387, 617, 13, 352, 369, 271, 16088, 40974, 3422, 2048, 15, 187, 187, 510, 806, 7085, 21733, 76, 2210, 36070, 562, 273, 697, 28384, 13928, 43259, 13265, 8014, 39050, 432, 16448, 5292, 46125, 15, 1457, 5002, 434, 15885, 5120, 13562, 9734, 29388, 4745, 2856, 580, 1701, 271, 10028, 281, 253, 25186, 31532, 5871, 9145, 15, 380, 1029, 33517, 9797, 13965, 35954, 29544, 292, 353, 636, 3354, 13, 665, 369, 253, 7143, 5908, 275, 253, 1781, 9320, 15, 2058, 253, 673, 344, 369, 7063, 342, 521, 4669, 598, 327, 253, 17747, 434, 9667, 13, 4361, 949, 247, 1740, 14, 39179, 14, 20472, 1892, 3491, 7102, 273, 247, 25136, 5530, 2395, 4306, 2086, 275, 9008, 323, 521, 1735, 15047, 281, 253, 24209, 12823, 15, 2726, 954, 273, 253, 17273, 18500, 1977, 387, 1535, 266, 371, 408, 414, 13, 285, 253, 8859, 12054, 6474, 987, 1024, 13, 352, 369, 247, 7107, 7143, 13, 816, 987, 281, 5834, 598, 327, 521, 7681, 789, 15, 187, 187, 38, 2188, 292, 434, 4669, 4352, 253, 5254, 347, 253, 14980, 5506, 323, 4322, 1783, 3896, 4580, 264, 247, 2280, 273, 14217, 285, 11390, 598, 327, 581, 273, 253, 5699, 3402, 14, 35758, 5965, 375, 719, 561, 15, 496, 2914, 273, 779, 13, 253, 9696, 9861, 7388, 2990, 9158, 36369, 281, 4665, 752, 369, 9369, 15, 1707, 10345, 626, 1142, 273, 731, 2190, 253, 4314, 10175, 273, 49261, 275, 253, 9145, 13, 2717, 751, 253, 2120, 13503, 534, 253, 17273, 574, 3058, 387, 253, 4898, 273, 253, 36220, 382, 21199, 4544, 15, 10154, 1024, 13, 2317, 31045, 7137, 369, 387, 247, 5927, 13, 285, 253, 32391, 273, 4009, 1886, 7085, 21733, 661, 327, 33600, 17147, 7143, 574, 2218, 247, 29837, 2628, 273, 22980, 36220, 382, 41088, 27304, 285, 23019, 13371, 265, 432, 2317, 1475, 253, 8859, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 310, 352, 865, 29544, 292, 2546, 8356, 28, 407, 534, 673, 1529, 1264, 28384, 34998, 574, 5485, 15, 380, 3509, 274, 8140, 14, 9742, 264, 19176, 273, 1892, 3491, 37182, 1377, 742, 745, 521, 9667, 347, 344, 3413, 314, 16481, 521, 15487, 4704, 281, 3794, 15, 187, 187, 510, 14980, 574, 9288, 1594, 14, 1402, 8166, 5569, 327, 323, 253, 806, 1740, 8571, 13, 285, 369, 24433, 3289, 6265, 15, 8035, 3578, 28384, 34998, 497, 5909, 15, 500, 962, 8449, 4716, 1063, 13, 665, 14001, 347, 253, 564, 14, 17352, 323, 253, 4009, 1886, 7085, 21733, 661, 285, 253, 5871, 9145, 13, 458, 1739, 281, 521, 4669, 13, 26523, 27, 346, 5498, 626, 5310, 1476, 754, 27194, 521, 6174, 1315, 39904, 15, 346, 3726, 1472, 20451, 2, 1583, 1472, 776, 7085, 21733, 661, 449, 187, 187, 38, 2188, 292, 32360, 13, 521, 9881, 46115, 689, 253, 10149, 15, 4794, 281, 521, 9667, 12646, 13, 689, 32571, 28384, 34998, 574, 1024, 5485, 281, 557, 3892, 463, 18470, 76, 6114, 16458, 15, 346, 1276, 253, 7435, 513, 597, 1158, 597, 1472, 2509, 21501, 272, 275, 327, 441, 751, 326, 32, 6049, 6403, 626, 597, 342, 253, 18500, 865, 12017, 14985, 279, 2685, 2122, 2190, 521, 7906, 28, 285, 344, 1904, 626, 1557, 326, 8449, 4716, 1063, 812, 3282, 352, 15, 17358, 21733, 661, 497, 5434, 4087, 6422, 11072, 13, 285, 342, 253, 18500, 1977, 597, 812, 1056, 1524, 7596, 15, 754, 1871, 1620, 1663, 18273, 611, 22771, 6470, 350, 15, 187, 187, 43, 962, 8449, 4716, 1063, 434, 2454, 2427, 949, 247, 4956, 3199, 412, 314, 273, 12904, 14, 6012, 523, 430, 621, 347, 344, 5196, 3809, 15430, 16072, 342, 253, 12439, 4582, 932, 15, 346, 3726, 1472, 417, 432, 253, 18500, 15, 1583, 1849, 1705, 1060, 3587, 432, 4009, 1886, 449, 754, 37350, 323, 247, 2774, 13, 19961, 15, 346, 1147, 434, 4783, 15, 4009, 1886, 556, 4783, 15, 844, 3663, 281, 326, 1652, 819, 255, 399, 33325, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42846, 10739, 937, 23602, 1294, 1870, 39787, 15, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 10960, 617, 1481, 3790, 253, 15336, 3369, 347, 253, 4191, 6876, 3597, 281, 16384, 617, 594, 2784, 9685, 4707, 275, 247, 5699, 892, 26948, 19445, 29861, 15, 380, 3277, 333, 282, 18880, 275, 253, 16448, 5292, 45280, 369, 247, 16511, 281, 1121, 17827, 285, 3367, 18997, 15, 1284, 11879, 376, 574, 5868, 4130, 2289, 281, 253, 4009, 1886, 4177, 1026, 1761, 398, 13, 2112, 342, 616, 10230, 44204, 13, 611, 22771, 574, 3365, 32083, 264, 5972, 342, 10838, 2531, 1612, 3815, 15, 1500, 574, 14454, 752, 352, 369, 281, 30108, 77, 275, 247, 9808, 86, 29935, 342, 247, 23434, 326, 812, 19310, 275, 667, 273, 247, 13365, 26015, 26793, 15, 1244, 347, 323, 1907, 617, 4707, 49879, 6283, 2581, 685, 17190, 352, 715, 5281, 964, 964, 964, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 865, 703, 24145, 275, 49058, 28, 2167, 253, 45592, 14, 33951, 41190, 275, 617, 15629, 434, 2564, 1565, 11712, 667, 1524, 35959, 387, 1146, 21018, 15, 187, 187, 3, 510, 7085, 21733, 661, 403, 1060, 937, 344, 753, 15, 346, 3074, 273, 731, 15, 1583, 1849, 1705, 432, 4009, 1886, 15, 733, 434, 964, 964, 17212, 754, 892, 39012, 275, 2578, 4239, 318, 15, 6304, 36731, 3076, 3668, 281, 611, 22771, 369, 1900, 247, 26426, 4016, 5249, 2118, 15, 3771, 984, 703, 574, 253, 2238, 273, 29386, 14, 46896, 14387, 4453, 534, 812, 313, 395, 574, 10, 8227, 40617, 275, 1327, 14, 24765, 16187, 5753, 432, 987, 2439, 253, 30638, 3328, 1904, 626, 1599, 617, 8770, 13373, 15, 41017, 253, 7285, 1905, 703, 2335, 247, 591, 3025, 31733, 432, 326, 13, 1512, 15, 346, 27157, 2191, 40754, 846, 399, 33325, 13, 8505, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 1943, 3819, 275, 581, 273, 253, 4177, 1026, 1761, 398, 15, 1847, 4108, 273, 776, 952, 1694, 40809, 896, 715, 253, 4457, 15, 2635, 703, 6726, 779, 281, 25550, 342, 11879, 376, 13, 390, 1633, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 4592, 865, 187, 187, 3, 3726, 13, 2827, 1905, 4009, 1886, 434, 4783, 15, 380, 767, 273, 731, 2335, 253, 20571, 562, 273, 253, 10325, 449, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 15014, 387, 779, 13, 1652, 14552, 793, 273, 15401, 4983, 281, 298, 781, 562, 273, 617, 4707, 15, 1500, 1871, 1900, 49483, 14938, 8659, 326, 21088, 8229, 487, 11939, 1904, 626, 452, 690, 2238, 273, 15430, 14953, 28, 697, 5928, 574, 1900, 1691, 617, 387, 247, 4512, 18928, 275, 4009, 1886, 15, 1292, 703, 1871, 5440, 264, 13, 253, 2862, 1533, 1059, 285, 697, 36418, 6114, 16458, 574, 20651, 281, 617, 15, 1500, 1871, 644, 247, 1612, 281, 21244, 342, 15, 4952, 8040, 531, 574, 7799, 562, 617, 1361, 15, 3954, 1905, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 3534, 253, 1327, 14, 24765, 16187, 4191, 6876, 3226, 247, 9912, 14, 26731, 17834, 15, 346, 3633, 3663, 449, 187, 187, 3, 16490, 8, 312, 449, 380, 3226, 25846, 5462, 264, 13, 285, 2761, 8689, 26082, 323, 253, 18880, 434, 4021, 11008, 327, 253, 643, 1930, 273, 253, 36591, 15, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 4136, 5972, 247, 2873, 264, 12452, 273, 35959, 672, 253, 11008, 4581, 15, 346, 2773, 12835, 399, 33325, 2, 309, 3260, 352, 2, 309, 12835, 3260, 344, 369, 247, 15394, 6179, 281, 5108, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1231, 1472, 1335, 275, 4179, 273, 253, 7085, 21733, 661, 937, 23602, 1294, 1870, 753, 15, 346, 2773, 4245, 441, 247, 1943, 20540, 273, 8040, 531, 434, 2250, 28, 285, 253, 17273, 310, 275, 4179, 273, 247, 4564, 273, 4177, 2718, 13, 342, 625, 327, 253, 1039, 15, 733, 434, 417, 824, 247, 2957, 15, 1310, 359, 1871, 644, 3304, 253, 20571, 352, 651, 320, 581, 7085, 273, 247, 2257, 7197, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2042, 309, 1871, 644, 3304, 13, 352, 651, 1620, 452, 4592, 937, 703, 24145, 896, 15, 4058, 4707, 369, 30046, 6079, 13, 285, 617, 40234, 44042, 13, 3515, 751, 3511, 22612, 1919, 352, 3395, 247, 9479, 278, 1952, 306, 2136, 4176, 15, 346, 10588, 937, 703, 34688, 2761, 281, 5972, 15, 346, 2773, 434, 253, 2234, 1060, 449, 187, 187, 41, 19636, 1294, 1870, 812, 3282, 617, 13654, 327, 779, 13, 1097, 617, 2927, 285, 617, 2564, 15, 187, 187, 3, 6723, 368, 342, 479, 865, 703, 2546, 15, 346, 3980, 403, 368, 1469, 281, 1642, 1175, 1711, 1219, 604, 368, 476, 861, 327, 347, 581, 273, 521, 7027, 10284, 1103, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 651, 309, 513, 326, 865, 187, 187, 3, 8457, 604, 309, 476, 626, 1978, 1453, 273, 253, 7085, 21733, 661, 13, 309, 1353, 2717, 281, 253, 17273, 449, 1500, 11373, 47488, 15, 346, 1394, 285, 309, 651, 452, 281, 1265, 987, 896, 387, 253, 5068, 969, 15, 2726, 253, 7085, 21733, 661, 20090, 272, 441, 13, 359, 1833, 1335, 320, 3773, 449, 187, 187, 1328, 17377, 562, 273, 253, 1943, 3497, 13, 12203, 2317, 323, 247, 8184, 273, 253, 18470, 76, 6114, 16458, 15, 346, 1231, 1849, 1694, 642, 2186, 327, 731, 667, 625, 937, 344, 753, 372, 6499, 314, 15, 346, 20696, 253, 15430, 14, 4421, 494, 8248, 7141, 275, 4009, 1886, 13, 627, 434, 642, 1039, 597, 1833, 513, 347, 597, 1472, 6960, 15, 1244, 627, 6403, 626, 667, 625, 273, 11879, 376, 434, 2021, 1669, 323, 441, 281, 8171, 731, 342, 15, 844, 1849, 3663, 449, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 11898, 617, 1481, 34456, 314, 15, 24258, 703, 1871, 820, 14, 2178, 264, 253, 385, 14, 16691, 281, 617, 12265, 323, 521, 3745, 281, 1158, 13253, 1037, 13, 344, 369, 2509, 247, 24678, 4105, 2628, 273, 352, 15, 1292, 840, 13, 5046, 247, 18468, 434, 18110, 369, 10748, 31124, 387, 4560, 271, 16871, 434, 14855, 15, 346, 2512, 434, 581, 2181, 1669, 534, 597, 476, 626, 513, 323, 3746, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 326, 310, 865, 187, 187, 3, 38, 255, 15, 380, 760, 4973, 273, 616, 23281, 6514, 534, 597, 1833, 320, 2104, 281, 897, 403, 327, 17273, 14, 13028, 23317, 9448, 15, 12414, 2739, 13, 1014, 18470, 76, 16711, 588, 259, 1622, 285, 3150, 15, 1244, 359, 871, 776, 10838, 2531, 1612, 476, 626, 10721, 598, 13241, 2739, 449, 187, 187, 3, 5872, 8040, 531, 588, 1453, 731, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 449, 611, 22771, 812, 3282, 521, 10397, 387, 253, 11091, 273, 10305, 521, 3708, 13 ]	good. The Prince hasn't had much to do for a long time. He'll be happy to have a new friend. Make sure you treat him nicely, he's a bit delicate now, poor thing." "I will," Jay promised. "Are you really old, as well?" "Older than most people you've ever met, but nothing like as antique as good old Trace, here." "Huh," Tracy sniffed critically. "If you're quite finished." Richard rolled his eyes for Jay's benefit. "Sweet dreams, Jay. I'll see you tomorrow, we've got lots to talk about." "Richard," Tracy asked reluctantly. "Did Calvert do it?" A huge smile flashed over his face. "Oh yeah. He did it. The Alchemist is neutralized. Just as well, it was a brute of a weapon." "Typical. If they'd just devote ten per cent of their military budget and all that ingenuity into developing their social conditions." "Preaching to the converted!" "Are you talking about Joshua?" Jay asked. "What's he done?" "Something very good," Richard said. "Amazingly," Tracy muttered dryly. "But . . ." "Tomorrow, sweetie," Tracy said firmly. "Along with everything else. I promise. Right now, you're going to bed. Enough delaying tactics." Richard waved, and walked away. Jay held Prince Dell against her tummy as Tracy's hand pressed into her back, propelling her up the steps and into the chalet. She glanced down at the ancient bear again. His dull glass eyes stared right back at her, it was an incredibly melancholic expression. The first hellhawk came flashing out of its wormhole terminus twelve thousand kilometres from Monterey asteroid. New California's gravitonic detector warning satellites immediately datavised an alert to the naval tactical operations centre. The high pitched audio alarm startled Emmet Mordden, who was the duty officer in the large chamber. At the time he was sitting with his feet up on the commander's console, reading through a four-hundred-sheet hard copy guide of a Quantumsoft accountancy program in preparation for his next upgrade to the Treasury computers. With most of the Organization fleet away at Tranquillity, and the planet reasonably stable right now, it was a quiet duty, just right to catch up on his technical work. Emmet's feet hit the floor as the AI responsible for threat analysis squirted a mass of symbols and vectors up on one of the huge wall-mounted holoscreens. In front of him, the equally surprised SD network operators scrambled to interpret what was happening. There weren't many of them among the eight rows of consoles in the centre, nothing like the full complement which the Organization had needed at the height of the Edenist harassment campaign. Right now, spaceflight traffic was at a minimum, and the contingent of Valisk hellhawks on planetary defence duty had done a superb job of clearing Edenist stealth mines and spy globes from space around the planet. "What is it?" Emmet asked automatically; by which time another three wormholes had opened. The precariously-stacked pile of hard copy avalanched off his console as he determinedly cleared his keyboard ready to respond. The AI had acquired X-ray laser lock on for the first four targets, and was requesting fire authority. Another ten wormholes were opening. Jull von Holger, who acted as the go-between for the Valisk hellhawks and the operations centre, leapt to his feet, shouting: "Don't shoot!" He waved his arms frantically. "They're ours! They're our hellhawks." Emmet hesitated, his fingers hovering over the keys. According to his console displays, over eighty wormholes had now opened to disgorge bitek starships. "What the fuck do they think they're doing busting in on us like that? Why aren't they with the fleet?" Suspicion flowered among his thoughts; and he didn't care that von Holger could sense it. Hellhawks were dangerously powerful craft, and with the fleet away they could make real trouble. He'd never really trusted Kiera Salter. Jull von Holger's face went through a wild panoply of emotion- derived contortions as he conducted fast affinity conversations with the unexpected arrivals. "They're not from the fleet. They've come here directly from Valisk." He halted for a moment, shocked. "It's gone. Valisk has gone. We lost to that little prat Dariat." "Holy shit," Hudson Proctor gasped. Kiera stuck her head round the bathroom door as the beautician tried to wrap her sopping wet hair in a huge fluffy purple towel. The Quayle suite in the Monterey Hilton was a temple to opulence and personal luxury. As Rubra had denied everyone access to the Valisk starscrapers, along with their apartment bathrooms, Kiera had simply groomed herself with energistic power alone. She had forgotten what it was to sprawl in a Jacuzzi with a selector that could blend in any of a dozen exotic salts. And as for having her hair styled properly rather than forcing it into shape . . . "What?" she snapped in annoyance; though the beacon-bright dismay in her associate's mind tempered any real fury at being interrupted. "The hellhawks are here," he said. "All of them. They've come from Valisk. It's . . ." He flinched in trepidation. Delivering bad news to Kiera was always a desperately negative career move. Just because she had the kind of teenage-sweetheart looks which could (and had) suckered in non-possessed kids from right across the Confederation didn't mean her behaviour matched. Quite the opposite — she took a perverse enjoyment from that, too. "Bonney chased after Dariat, apparently. There was a big fight in one of the starscrapers. Plenty of our people got flung back into the beyond. Then she forced him to ally with Rubra, or something." "What happened?" "They, er — Valisk's gone. The two of them took the habitat out of the universe." Kiera stared at him, little wisps of steam starting to lick out of her hair. She'd always bitterly regretted that Marie Skibbow didn't have some kind of affinity faculty; its absence had always put her at a slight disadvantage in Valisk. But she'd coped, the entire worldlet and its formidable starships had belonged to her. She'd been a power to contend with. Even Capone had sought out her help. Now — Kiera gave the non-possessed beautician girl a blank-eyed glance. "Get lost." "Ma'am." The girl curtseyed, and almost sprinted for the suite's double doors on the other side of the lounge. Kiera allowed herself a muted scream of fury when the doors closed. "That fucking Dariat! I knew it! I fucking knew he was a disaster waiting to happen." "We're still in charge of the hellhawks," Hudson Proctor said. "That gives us a big chunk of Capone's action; and the Organization is in charge of a couple of star systems, with more on the way. It's not such a loss. If we'd been inside the habitat it would be one hell of a lot worse." "If I'd been inside, it would never have happened," she snapped back. Her hair was abruptly dry, and her robe blurred, running like hot wax until it became a sharp mauve business suit. "Control," she murmured almost to herself. "That's the key here." Hudson Proctor could sense her focusing on him, both her eyes and her mind. "Are you with me?" she asked. "Or are you going to ask good old Al if you can sign on as one of his lieutenants?" "Why would I do that?" "Because if I can't keep control of the hellhawks, I'm nothing to the Organization." She smiled thinly. "You and I would have to start right back at the beginning again. With the hellhawks obeying us, we'll still be players." He glanced out of the big window, searching space for a sight of the bitek starships. "We've got no hold on them any more," he said dejectedly. "Without the affinity-capable bodies stored in Valisk, there's no way they'll do as they're ordered. And there aren't any more of Rubra's family left for us to replace them with. We've lost." Kiera shook her head impatiently. Considering she'd co-opted the ex-general to her council for his ability to think tactically, he was doing a remarkably poor job of it. But then, maybe a politician's instinct was naturally quicker at finding an opponent's weakness. "There's one thing left which they can't do for themselves." "And that is?" "Eat. The only sources of their nutrient fluid which they'll be able to use are on Organization-held asteroids. Without food, even bitek organisms will wither and die. And we know our energistic power can't magic up genuine food." "Then Capone will control them." "No." Kiera could sense his anxiety at the prospect of losing his status,
[ 15092, 14, 19091, 84, 2544, 275, 247, 1638, 14, 24464, 7312, 1557, 2180, 497, 2429, 342, 2544, 275, 247, 1638, 14, 11151, 5164, 1612, 14, 31158, 2180, 313, 249, 2390, 13, 495, 6027, 16, 30567, 481, 6282, 3188, 5593, 497, 253, 6616, 1612, 29644, 1071, 313, 4548, 1267, 582, 337, 14, 15505, 2940, 1071, 313, 18, 46, 16594, 582, 884, 14, 78, 30201, 1408, 1071, 313, 52, 4708, 582, 13711, 5694, 1159, 313, 14633, 18278, 14, 2526, 582, 310, 7480, 4757, 273, 2406, 14, 2815, 67, 13370, 285, 7870, 23469, 4444, 274, 6520, 263, 4757, 15, 25773, 1309, 253, 3733, 2180, 497, 3012, 4067, 685, 2544, 275, 253, 7312, 1557, 2180, 323, 512, 6454, 5593, 313, 367, 654, 964, 1762, 481, 21157, 11701, 497, 1119, 1309, 253, 3733, 2180, 323, 7824, 5350, 313, 12507, 4548, 1267, 544, 10722, 5218, 3435, 15, 23, 411, 544, 2222, 6, 7142, 1458, 15, 2759, 14, 1867, 15, 2950, 13, 11439, 6, 2572, 1092, 13803, 18, 46, 16594, 27, 898, 15, 21, 278, 544, 2222, 6, 7309, 577, 15, 1166, 14, 1047, 15, 2358, 13, 2145, 6, 1092, 13803, 52, 4708, 27, 577, 15, 19, 544, 2222, 6, 7142, 374, 15, 3011, 14, 22, 15, 3245, 13, 8026, 6, 1092, 13803, 14633, 18278, 14, 2526, 27, 608, 15, 22, 544, 2222, 6, 7309, 495, 15, 1610, 14, 24, 15, 3566, 13, 818, 6, 3291, 285, 6616, 4757, 313, 1093, 33109, 8196, 9498, 1223, 6973, 6376, 6474, 275, 253, 7312, 1557, 2180, 15, 380, 1543, 5224, 326, 5164, 1612, 14, 31158, 310, 271, 3576, 3733, 323, 11138, 7824, 5350, 275, 2872, 2151, 342, 16562, 39839, 90, 15, 1552, 10419, 12453, 7605, 3374, 14475, 432, 6814, 2228, 3237, 13, 342, 271, 15075, 327, 14053, 1561, 247, 26812, 7792, 15, 43014, 2228, 15877, 672, 247, 4778, 273, 1600, 13, 824, 347, 5445, 281, 247, 24920, 386, 13, 2550, 320, 4080, 390, 310, 1512, 8214, 281, 2557, 323, 954, 5705, 15, 7820, 17032, 1364, 1754, 327, 247, 17335, 4778, 4080, 342, 2228, 13, 534, 476, 1421, 281, 13583, 11815, 604, 417, 6283, 9713, 15, 831, 10419, 310, 17194, 407, 4893, 275, 6938, 1786, 2175, 13, 275, 534, 6814, 2228, 310, 2223, 247, 1895, 15, 380, 2173, 13698, 403, 27, 313, 18, 10, 1916, 30191, 366, 253, 11361, 285, 23797, 273, 26812, 285, 10879, 382, 7274, 281, 6814, 2228, 3237, 970, 247, 1083, 1263, 2746, 28, 313, 19, 10, 15092, 247, 26812, 7792, 13, 281, 9186, 253, 7340, 273, 10704, 8197, 273, 253, 2954, 875, 253, 6454, 285, 33520, 281, 616, 8025, 10670, 28, 313, 20, 10, 1916, 1287, 247, 26812, 22199, 323, 253, 374, 14, 13311, 1083, 14, 1453, 2216, 13, 285, 281, 7277, 10704, 8197, 342, 1110, 432, 10879, 382, 3082, 28, 285, 313, 21, 10, 1916, 1287, 5919, 10491, 8130, 323, 10499, 253, 346, 27716, 2629, 3, 275, 247, 12820, 749, 14, 34966, 1561, 247, 6015, 5593, 4758, 15, 380, 2561, 588, 320, 12800, 285, 3732, 281, 2067, 15302, 5728, 323, 6938, 1786, 2175, 15, 19996, 19191, 12549, 275, 767, 9904, 5558, 6384, 9774, 2392, 15, 187, 19996, 19191, 12549, 313, 1830, 51, 10, 310, 6949, 275, 767, 9904, 5558, 6384, 9774, 2392, 672, 760, 581, 27957, 310, 12021, 281, 6938, 6046, 275, 253, 5928, 273, 271, 6024, 2625, 15, 42438, 253, 6128, 273, 1097, 8790, 24926, 13, 352, 310, 1119, 326, 14314, 390, 14523, 273, 4110, 51, 323, 1016, 27957, 7024, 327, 253, 8789, 4757, 13, 326, 27801, 273, 253, 767, 9774, 2392, 476, 2826, 760, 387, 2266, 8789, 4757, 13, 285, 326, 4110, 51, 1293, 25184, 476, 671, 2826, 762, 2176, 2515, 275, 253, 1840, 14, 13012, 3210, 15, 5064, 26872, 3645, 84, 27, 7813, 275, 253, 46378, 15, 4794, 281, 388, 21362, 13, 436, 3387, 14, 15505, 3085, 310, 773, 1145, 41075, 18802, 326, 3936, 20985, 281, 690, 273, 253, 954, 35240, 273, 7565, 457, 84, 5053, 668, 281, 2085, 773, 34, 4156, 17947, 273, 253, 20996, 36282, 1255, 273, 512, 3811, 1841, 1425, 187, 187, 5064, 9422, 435, 3737, 15, 4794, 281, 388, 21362, 13, 773, 7047, 2188, 4584, 2516, 844, 11416, 33826, 253, 25294, 285, 697, 5074, 13, 347, 973, 347, 253, 10950, 665, 789, 627, 668, 275, 436, 2120, 14, 3985, 6440, 15, 187, 187, 5064, 7967, 43504, 323, 247, 15023, 29719, 15, 2596, 2120, 9037, 1905, 773, 20431, 668, 1905, 310, 2130, 432, 436, 28767, 593, 16824, 42830, 14, 9029, 15, 773, 20431, 668, 4453, 387, 5795, 2341, 4973, 6493, 285, 253, 952, 2444, 327, 731, 15, 43, 11105, 327, 253, 17097, 27, 43896, 839, 2233, 20175, 273, 20164, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 187, 187, 27180, 13, 4247, 1384, 13, 4072, 818, 27, 361, 5365, 187, 187, 43, 11105, 327, 253, 17097, 27, 43896, 839, 2233, 20175, 273, 20164, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 310, 275, 253, 2469, 15, 187, 187, 510, 30647, 33216, 40394, 32356, 745, 697, 20117, 7970, 33216, 327, 253, 17097, 2962, 342, 773, 8380, 19746, 2726, 8802, 27, 43896, 839, 2233, 20175, 273, 20164, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 1806, 247, 2086, 4070, 4263, 253, 2233, 394, 14348, 273, 253, 1270, 25375, 13, 581, 273, 253, 954, 46698, 4498, 34782, 275, 2448, 2892, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2086, 3936, 1659, 275, 37089, 17890, 457, 84, 20146, 1219, 17316, 12469, 2081, 1514, 327, 6926, 13, 4247, 1384, 387, 495, 268, 15, 78, 15, 2006, 2230, 310, 1959, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 2362, 588, 4735, 16226, 273, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 457, 84, 1682, 7636, 9575, 407, 253, 418, 8885, 353, 886, 3296, 41228, 292, 342, 399, 26948, 9857, 13, 48125, 322, 1306, 70, 13, 285, 12141, 17898, 1346, 9069, 6696, 285, 31479, 7902, 1969, 2112, 342, 247, 33073, 285, 27096, 34406, 273, 253, 25375, 3542, 407, 11290, 16171, 285, 10658, 456, 407, 5037, 473, 15, 8966, 15, 187, 187, 24349, 2577, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 313, 746, 1012, 14, 13435, 10, 4159, 9575, 323, 6590, 13, 7315, 285, 18876, 13, 285, 1912, 271, 29544, 90, 285, 1740, 11417, 18165, 15, 4129, 521, 1416, 310, 417, 247, 11692, 3159, 13, 521, 9575, 824, 347, 346, 52, 7706, 272, 327, 247, 8141, 937, 346, 7865, 3189, 7854, 37882, 3, 285, 346, 12412, 388, 11192, 3, 403, 18319, 43455, 347, 4633, 7465, 15, 754, 310, 671, 3195, 433, 275, 253, 24455, 1533, 323, 16672, 824, 347, 346, 4943, 434, 2064, 21398, 90, 6258, 937, 346, 7638, 4530, 399, 1502, 285, 16363, 1257, 1317, 937, 285, 346, 9817, 24955, 275, 10540, 449, 754, 310, 954, 3636, 342, 6893, 16495, 29628, 13, 323, 5207, 344, 4159, 9330, 9575, 15, 5595, 273, 521, 16672, 497, 3542, 342, 12865, 695, 382, 10471, 22810, 29053, 285, 5769, 2577, 330, 18272, 15, 3032, 2876, 273, 12830, 3407, 275, 22745, 342, 346, 37, 1596, 2064, 20909, 3, 285, 4821, 949, 253, 10333, 434, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 8380, 19746, 342, 8802, 668, 310, 581, 273, 253, 1142, 3394, 1469, 327, 2439, 253, 2586, 275, 21621, 273, 436, 1270, 25375, 15, 733, 310, 24834, 407, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 11412, 13, 253, 1879, 382, 6807, 285, 37089, 17890, 2499, 15, 25574, 432, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 3440, 13, 1690, 2758, 273, 253, 25375, 434, 2021, 13, 588, 320, 1246, 323, 436, 14464, 2362, 15, 187, 187, 510, 30647, 33216, 40394, 3400, 253, 3114, 342, 3290, 24455, 4730, 949, 29561, 835, 24455, 12440, 1509, 327, 616, 3640, 708, 2793, 275, 247, 7204, 570, 22493, 16, 1212, 624, 547, 4112, 13, 5971, 323, 3773, 285, 1327, 14, 1993, 398, 285, 16226, 281, 8591, 3114, 24540, 273, 24455, 15, 2948, 551, 755, 16754, 25906, 13, 755, 13030, 10697, 4586, 13, 15634, 748, 432, 37994, 84, 8873, 16, 39981, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 12047, 17232, 4906, 5856, 13, 5769, 4906, 5856, 13, 43529, 5856, 748, 432, 37994, 84, 8873, 16, 10706, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 187, 50276, 19681, 42406, 13, 187, 50276, 41316, 6910, 6825, 3233, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 18590, 4241, 13, 187, 50276, 261, 11257, 4527, 13, 187, 50276, 261, 6910, 32883, 13, 187, 50276, 23173, 13, 187, 94, 432, 37994, 84, 8873, 16, 18833, 5618, 187, 187, 2948, 551, 8749, 4756, 39616, 1303, 318, 748, 432, 33378, 22836, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 4031, 282, 25580, 748, 432, 33378, 301, 1059, 16147, 1913, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 43529, 748, 432, 33378, 35238, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 556, 2290, 4234, 19157, 748, 432, 33378, 18833, 5618, 187, 187, 6930, 16548, 512, 10711, 20546, 326, 403, 4390, 327, 253, 1755, 7990, 15, 1738, 187, 3701, 10711, 31163, 9, 2520, 27, 15634, 2262, 551, 544, 2364, 27, 2876, 5218, 2876, 748, 551, 187, 50276, 3474, 7990, 426, 436, 15, 788, 23974, 1874, 187, 50276, 338, 313, 14329, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 3474, 13905, 426, 7990, 15, 788, 18821, 1874, 187, 50274, 338, 313, 2551, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 2309, 551, 187, 50270, 434, 8873, 14, 20668, 5295, 13905, 15, 936, 2290, 317, 554, 2699, 5715, 187, 50272, 4718, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 2309, 25425, 187, 94, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 3173, 16603, 10491, 24954, 285, 11521, 896, 281, 2608, 14, 33850, 4228, 2281, 604, 642, 2885, 3061, 310, 2130, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 2885, 17232, 6216, 27, 380, 2885, 9996, 434, 10491, 3061, 13, 604, 667, 15, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 1677, 25977, 27, 380, 2281, 281, 897, 604, 642, 17087, 3061, 310, 2130, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 20974, 380, 2885, 434, 10491, 3061, 313, 338, 581, 4961, 582, 390, 253, 2530, 4228, 2281, 187, 1738, 187, 3701, 795, 45990, 3980, 11244, 15768, 25977, 9, 5598, 17232, 6216, 27, 12419, 1040, 17011, 13, 1677, 25977, 27, 7202, 2262, 12419, 1040, 7202, 551, 187, 50276, 2309, 2885, 17232, 6216, 20767, 17011, 3736, 2885, 17232, 6216, 1163, 1677, 25977, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 46615, 247, 10491, 3061, 323, 253, 1677, 9996, 285, 10111, 352, 327, 253, 9996, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 44705, 1046, 673, 247, 9996, 310, 3562, 15, 7214, 13122, 534, 20177, 342, 247, 2634, 22163, 6216, 65, 1318, 273, 2634, 5672, 65, 588, 320, 187, 475, 2197, 281, 322, 8873, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 14713, 27, 380, 14713, 745, 273, 534, 281, 1239, 3596, 4610, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 9996, 27, 380, 9996, 25312, 247, 10491, 3061, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 10491, 5856, 27, 18193, 285, 2608, 14, 33850, 941, 534, 778, 320, 908, 281, 1361, 1056, 253, 3061, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 20974, 380, 1677, 9996, 342, 697, 2634, 22163, 6216, 65, 1318, 873, 187, 1738, 187, 3701, 3410, 29, 53, 8725, 43529, 8743, 39981, 27, 15634, 13, 9996, 27, 308, 13, 10491, 5856, 27, 5769, 4906, 5856, 2262, 308, 551, 187, 50276, 3474, 5268, 426, 14713, 15, 788, 8975, 1874, 187, 50276, 3474, 4610, 426, 313, 8780, 3857, 5268, 15, 788, 10976, 6649, 2785, 25425, 535, 50276, 605, 2717, 281, 513, 604, 627, 434, 642, 5268, 390, 604, 30749, 310, 13603, 187, 50276, 338, 6522, 8780, 2785, 2195, 7110, 2290, 4234, 19157, 9, 10121, 1228, 551, 187, 50274, 35238, 15, 22163, 6216, 426, 3221, 28, 187, 50274, 2309, 9996, 28, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 605, 359, 651, 452, 270, 7193, 2168, 604, 6747, 2634, 1206, 1951, 17232, 17407, 65, 4543, 2634, 1206, 1951, 19352, 25977, 65, 497, 2931, 13, 594, 581, 273, 841, 943, 187, 50276, 605, 789, 28, 4510, 253, 10584, 604, 594, 187, 50276, 3474, 3410, 25977, 426, 187, 50274, 25833, 4610, 15, 1206, 1951, 17232, 17407, 11013, 686, 3701, 8, 187, 50272, 32, 4610, 15, 1206, 1951, 17232, 17407, 9, 48027, 5856, 10, 187, 50272, 27, 795, 45990, 3980, 11244, 15768, 25977, 9, 48027, 5856, 15, 5598, 17232, 6216, 13, 4610, 15, 1206, 1951, 19352, 25977, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 3932, 436, 310, 3551, 432, 253, 2608, 313, 263, 432, 247, 1159, 2530, 407, 253, 2608, 582, 665, 6057, 752, 359, 1537, 755, 15, 313, 510, 187, 50276, 605, 760, 3588, 2193, 403, 1766, 1306, 507, 390, 3904, 875, 470, 285, 337, 2698, 187, 50276, 338, 6522, 261, 13159, 19352, 25977, 9, 16848, 25977, 1228, 551, 187, 50274, 23173, 15, 30289, 37428, 60, 2290, 4234, 62, 15292, 13218, 9996, 984, 273, 12078, 3410, 2281, 15, 65, 558, 187, 50274, 35238, 15, 22163, 6216, 426, 3221, 28, 187, 50274, 2309, 9996, 28, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 605, 604, 253, 1159, 4895, 470, 313, 263, 3221, 582, 390, 604, 2634 ]	Within-subjects changes in a 14-weeks usual care period were compared with changes in a 14-week functional power-training period (in groups, 3×/wk). Outcome measures were the muscle power sprint test (MPST), 1-minute walk test (1MWT), 10-m shuttle run test (SRT), gross motor function (GMFM-66), isometric strength of lower-limb muscles and dynamic ankle plantar flexor strength. Changes during the training period were significantly larger than changes in the usual care period for all outcome measures ( P < .05). Large improvements were found during the training period for walking capacity (ΔMPST [mean]: 27.6 W [95%CI 15.84-39.46, 83% increase], Δ1MWT: 9.4 m [95% CI 4.17-14.68, 13%], ΔSRT: 4.2 [95%CI 2.57-5.83, 56%], ΔGMFM-66: 5.5 [95% CI 3.33-7.74, 7%]) and muscle strength (18%-128%), while outcomes remained stable in the usual care period. The results indicate that functional power-training is an effective training for improving walking capacity in young children with cerebral palsy.This proposal addresses statistical issues arising from measurement error problems, with an emphasis on modeling within a Bayesian framework. Measurement error arises when a variable of interest, such as exposure to a contaminant, cannot be measured or is too expensive to measure for most subjects. Instead inference must based on a proxy variable measured with error, which can lead to incorrect conclusions if not properly addressed. This proposal is motivated by applications in environmental health studies, in which measurement error is often a problem. The specific aims are: (1) To delineate the advantages and disadvantages of Bayesian and frequentist approaches to measurement error problems using a case study approach; (2) Within a Bayesian framework, to examine the sensitivity of numerical estimates of the relationship between the outcome and covariates to their assumed distributions; (3) To develop a Bayesian paradigm for the 2-stage case- control design, and to compare numerical estimates with those from frequentist methods; and (4) To develop efficient sampling strategies for measuring the "gold standard" in a validation sub-study within a repeated measures setting. The research will be illustrated and applied to several datasets collected for environmental health studies.Internal stochastic resonance in two coupled liquid membrane oscillators. Internal stochastic resonance (ISR) is investigated in two coupled liquid membrane oscillators when only one oscillator is subjected to environmental noise in the absence of an external signal. Comparing the responses of both subsystems, it is found that enhancement or suppression of ISR for each oscillator depends on the coupling strength, that synchronization of the two oscillators can occur only at strong coupling strength, and that ISR without tuning can also occur under certain conditions in the above-mentioned models.>> Lost Worlds: Life in the Balance. According to Hulu, this 40-minute film is “An exploratory documentary that takes viewers to some of the most astonishing of Earth’s places” to provide “A global exploration of the fascinating interconnectedness of all living things.” >> Antartica. According to Hulu, “Filmmaker John Weiley explores the continent and its animals, as well as the scientists who work there” in this full-length movie. >> Big Ideas for a Small Planet. One full episode — “Power” — is available from this Sundance Channel eco-show. “Power” looks at alternative energy sources projects and the people working on them.Jazz on the Move: Celebrating 100 Years of Jimmy Van Heusen Sunday, January 20, 2013 7:00 PM Jazz on the Move: Celebrating 100 Years of Jimmy Van Heusen is in the past. The Nashville Jazz Workshop kicks off its seventh annual Jazz on the Move series with “Come Fly With Us: Celebrating 100 Years of Jimmy Van Heusen,” a program honoring the 100th birthday of the great composer, one of the most prolific songwriters in American history. The program takes place in Lipscomb’s Collins Alumni Auditorium on Sunday, January 20 at 3 p.m. Admission is free. This event will feature performances of Van Heusen’s best loved songs by the Lori Mechem Quartet with Duffy Jackson, Denis Solee, and guest vocalists Jeff Hall and Liz Johnson -- along with a lively and informative biography of the composer written by Ken Roberts and narrated by Don O. Henry. Jimmy Van Heusen (1913-1990) wrote songs for films, television and theater, and won an Emmy and four Academy Awards. Although his name is not a household word, his songs such as "Swinging on a Star," "Call Me Irresponsible" and "High Hopes" are instantly recognizable as popular standards. He is also revered in the jazz world for compositions such as "Here's That Rainy Day," "Polka Dots and Moonbeams," and "Like Someone in Love." He is most identified with Frank Sinatra, for whom he wrote 85 songs. Most of his compositions were written with lyricist partners Johnny Burke and Sammy Cahn. His string of hits began in 1939 with "Darn That Dream" and continued through the 1970's. “Come Fly with Us” is one of the many events going on across the country in celebration of this great composer. It is sponsored by Van Heusen Music, the Frist Foundation and Lipscomb University. Representatives from Van Heusen music, including members of the composer's family, will be present for this historic event. The Nashville Jazz Workshop provides the community with quality jazz education through workshops where jazz professionals pass on their knowledge & experience in a journeyman/apprentice situation, classes for players and non-players and performances to promote community appreciation of jazz.import { getActiveDomain, getMainCarrier, Hub } from '@sentry/hub'; import { CustomSamplingContext, SamplingContext, TransactionContext } from '@sentry/types'; import { dynamicRequire, extractNodeRequestData, getGlobalObject, isInstanceOf, isNodeEnv, logger, } from '@sentry/utils'; import { registerErrorInstrumentation } from './errors'; import { IdleTransaction } from './idletransaction'; import { Transaction } from './transaction'; import { hasTracingEnabled } from './utils'; /** Returns all trace headers that are currently on the top scope. / function traceHeaders(this: Hub): { [key: string]: string } { const scope = this.getScope(); if (scope) { const span = scope.getSpan(); if (span) { return { 'sentry-trace': span.toTraceparent(), }; } } return {}; } /* * Implements sampling inheritance and falls back to user-provided static rate if no parent decision is available. * * @param parentSampled: The parent transaction's sampling decision, if any. * @param givenRate: The rate to use if no parental decision is available. * * @returns The parent's sampling decision (if one exists), or the provided static rate / function _inheritOrUseGivenRate(parentSampled: boolean \| undefined, givenRate: unknown): boolean \| unknown { return parentSampled !== undefined ? parentSampled : givenRate; } /* * Makes a sampling decision for the given transaction and stores it on the transaction. * * Called every time a transaction is created. Only transactions which emerge with a `sampled` value of `true` will be * sent to Sentry. * * @param hub: The hub off of which to read config options * @param transaction: The transaction needing a sampling decision * @param samplingContext: Default and user-provided data which may be used to help make the decision * * @returns The given transaction with its `sampled` value set */ function sample<T extends Transaction>(hub: Hub, transaction: T, samplingContext: SamplingContext): T { const client = hub.getClient(); const options = (client && client.getOptions()) \|\| {}; // nothing to do if there's no client or if tracing is disabled if (!client \|\| !hasTracingEnabled(options)) { transaction.sampled = false; return transaction; } // we would have bailed already if neither `tracesSampler` nor `tracesSampleRate` were defined, so one of these should // work; prefer the hook if so const sampleRate = typeof options.tracesSampler === 'function' ? options.tracesSampler(samplingContext) : _inheritOrUseGivenRate(samplingContext.parentSampled, options.tracesSampleRate); // Since this is coming from the user (or from a function provided by the user), who knows what we might get. (The // only valid values are booleans or numbers between 0 and 1.) if (!isValidSampleRate(sampleRate)) { logger.warn(`[Tracing] Discarding transaction because of invalid sample rate.`); transaction.sampled = false; return transaction; } // if the function returned 0 (or false), or if `
[ 11, 87, 9, 76, 481, 187, 14, 24, 11, 76, 428, 337, 187, 1466, 295, 9, 81, 10, 426, 495, 11, 81, 424, 20, 559, 268, 424, 19, 559, 721, 11, 81, 559, 854, 15, 1281, 362, 9, 91, 10, 426, 577, 11, 91, 424, 20, 559, 374, 11, 91, 424, 19, 559, 818, 11, 91, 559, 898, 15, 1737, 310, 428, 22, 11, 79, 9, 84, 10, 559, 577, 11, 87, 9, 84, 6177, 187, 84, 424, 20, 559, 495, 11, 84, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 84, 428, 577, 187, 1466, 465, 9, 80, 10, 426, 428, 21, 11, 80, 424, 19, 559, 655, 11, 80, 428, 258, 428, 2145, 11, 80, 559, 608, 15, 1281, 305, 9, 85, 10, 426, 428, 19, 11, 85, 424, 19, 559, 495, 11, 85, 559, 495, 15, 6762, 428, 22, 11, 72, 9, 74, 10, 559, 495, 11, 76, 9, 74, 481, 187, 14, 19, 11, 74, 424, 19, 187, 1466, 2805, 9, 76, 10, 426, 14114, 11, 76, 424, 19, 559, 854, 11, 76, 559, 854, 15, 1281, 260, 9, 73, 10, 426, 11289, 11, 73, 424, 19, 559, 608, 11, 73, 559, 608, 15, 11374, 854, 11, 68, 9, 85, 10, 428, 608, 11, 82, 9, 85, 481, 187, 2504, 11, 85, 424, 19, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 80, 10, 320, 253, 2626, 4309, 273, 428, 22, 11, 80, 424, 21, 16, 1348, 559, 608, 11, 80, 424, 20, 16, 23, 428, 1722, 11, 80, 424, 19, 15, 1281, 391, 9, 77, 10, 426, 608, 11, 77, 428, 577, 15, 7918, 577, 11, 75, 9, 71, 10, 559, 608, 11, 83, 9, 71, 481, 187, 22, 11, 71, 187, 4140, 608, 11, 90, 559, 1283, 426, 428, 1166, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 80, 10, 426, 428, 80, 428, 495, 15, 1281, 269, 9, 78, 10, 426, 337, 15, 1281, 288, 320, 3383, 18, 1933, 20, 11, 18, 5355, 23, 428, 470, 481, 1737, 310, 288, 11, 88, 9, 75, 10, 559, 340, 11, 71, 9, 75, 6177, 187, 19, 11, 75, 428, 337, 187, 1466, 1484, 9, 80, 10, 426, 374, 11, 80, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 80, 559, 854, 15, 1281, 247, 320, 3383, 19, 428, 428, 24, 11050, 18, 428, 470, 481, 3854, 428, 83, 428, 1283, 426, 428, 21, 11, 83, 15, 1281, 268, 426, 391, 559, 247, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 76, 10, 426, 428, 18, 15, 1737, 310, 268, 11, 86, 9, 71, 10, 559, 721, 11, 88, 9, 71, 6177, 187, 19, 11, 71, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 71, 559, 374, 187, 1466, 258, 9, 89, 10, 426, 428, 20, 559, 337, 559, 608, 11, 89, 424, 19, 428, 1269, 424, 20, 428, 608, 559, 721, 11, 89, 15, 3854, 428, 21, 11, 87, 559, 1668, 426, 428, 20, 11, 87, 15, 1281, 298, 9, 69, 10, 426, 428, 19, 11, 69, 559, 470, 11, 69, 424, 20, 428, 495, 11, 69, 559, 362, 11, 69, 424, 19, 559, 277, 424, 20, 559, 721, 428, 1384, 11, 69, 424, 19, 15, 6762, 721, 11, 77, 9, 81, 10, 559, 608, 11, 80, 9, 81, 481, 187, 81, 424, 20, 559, 268, 424, 19, 559, 337, 187, 1466, 891, 9, 89, 10, 426, 428, 740, 11, 89, 424, 20, 428, 374, 11, 89, 424, 19, 428, 1269, 428, 374, 15, 1281, 246, 9, 75, 10, 426, 3127, 11, 75, 424, 20, 559, 608, 11, 75, 424, 19, 559, 374, 11, 75, 559, 608, 15, 11374, 608, 11, 74, 9, 87, 10, 559, 374, 11, 85, 9, 87, 481, 187, 14, 25, 11, 87, 424, 20, 428, 362, 187, 1466, 270, 9, 91, 10, 426, 495, 11, 91, 15, 3854, 470, 426, 495, 11, 71, 428, 1269, 559, 655, 428, 337, 13, 428, 71, 426, 495, 11, 89, 559, 1668, 15, 1281, 305, 9, 85, 10, 426, 428, 740, 11, 85, 428, 337, 15, 1737, 310, 269, 11, 67, 9, 76, 10, 428, 374, 11, 72, 9, 76, 6177, 187, 14, 76, 559, 374, 187, 1466, 260, 9, 90, 10, 426, 340, 424, 19, 559, 340, 559, 495, 15, 1281, 305, 9, 83, 10, 426, 428, 20, 11, 83, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 83, 428, 818, 15, 7918, 608, 11, 68, 9, 81, 10, 559, 374, 11, 72, 9, 81, 481, 187, 14, 81, 424, 19, 559, 268, 559, 337, 187, 1466, 298, 9, 67, 10, 426, 818, 11, 67, 424, 19, 428, 608, 11, 67, 559, 374, 15, 1281, 2805, 9, 66, 10, 426, 428, 1012, 11, 66, 428, 6480, 11, 66, 424, 19, 559, 9135, 11, 66, 424, 19, 428, 247, 559, 721, 15, 1737, 310, 1722, 11, 77, 9, 71, 10, 428, 721, 11, 82, 9, 71, 6177, 187, 14, 71, 424, 19, 428, 269, 428, 374, 187, 1466, 340, 320, 12374, 25, 1933, 20, 5789, 19, 2888, 1549, 16, 1449, 15, 1281, 465, 9, 89, 10, 426, 1269, 559, 374, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 82, 10, 426, 1458, 11, 82, 559, 5922, 15, 11374, 340, 11, 88, 9, 83, 10, 428, 5922, 11, 76, 9, 83, 481, 187, 14, 20, 11, 83, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 84, 10, 426, 256, 424, 19, 559, 495, 15, 1281, 259, 320, 428, 19, 14361, 21, 5789, 1036, 14895, 21, 15, 1281, 1269, 9, 68, 10, 426, 428, 20, 11, 68, 424, 19, 428, 884, 15, 11374, 259, 11, 89, 9, 81, 10, 559, 818, 11, 75, 9, 81, 481, 187, 81, 424, 19, 559, 337, 187, 1466, 270, 9, 85, 10, 426, 428, 23, 11, 85, 559, 337, 15, 1281, 2805, 9, 90, 10, 426, 340, 428, 374, 15, 1281, 260, 9, 91, 10, 426, 270, 9, 91, 10, 428, 721, 11, 82, 9, 91, 481, 1281, 247, 9, 69, 10, 426, 277, 428, 337, 15, 6762, 428, 1423, 11, 66, 9, 75, 10, 428, 374, 11, 68, 9, 75, 481, 187, 19, 11, 75, 428, 577, 187, 4140, 428, 746, 426, 428, 20, 11, 72, 428, 608, 11, 82, 13, 428, 82, 426, 428, 21, 11, 72, 428, 495, 559, 2145, 15, 1281, 391, 9, 88, 10, 426, 428, 21, 11, 88, 559, 3495, 15, 1281, 288, 320, 391, 9, 24, 481, 1281, 1484, 9, 85, 10, 426, 608, 11, 85, 428, 337, 15, 1281, 258, 9, 90, 10, 426, 898, 11, 90, 428, 374, 15, 7918, 305, 11, 80, 9, 71, 10, 559, 288, 11, 86, 9, 71, 481, 187, 19, 11, 71, 428, 337, 187, 1466, 891, 9, 84, 10, 426, 428, 84, 559, 4562, 15, 1281, 362, 9, 68, 10, 426, 428, 19, 11, 68, 559, 11583, 15, 11374, 854, 11, 74, 9, 89, 10, 428, 495, 11, 87, 9, 89, 481, 187, 14, 19, 11, 89, 428, 2030, 187, 1466, 295, 9, 71, 10, 426, 495, 11, 71, 424, 20, 428, 495, 11, 71, 424, 19, 559, 495, 11, 71, 428, 374, 15, 1281, 1269, 320, 3383, 3439, 1933, 2385, 11, 19, 4842, 25, 15, 1281, 247, 9, 68, 10, 426, 2145, 11, 68, 424, 20, 428, 2145, 11, 68, 424, 19, 559, 2145, 11, 68, 428, 898, 15, 1737, 310, 1269, 11, 79, 9, 72, 10, 428, 577, 11, 66, 9, 72, 6177, 187, 19, 11, 72, 424, 20, 428, 374, 11, 72, 424, 19, 559, 374, 11, 72, 187, 1466, 465, 9, 86, 10, 426, 495, 11, 86, 15, 1281, 269, 426, 577, 428, 337, 15, 1281, 2805, 9, 67, 10, 426, 428, 67, 424, 19, 559, 577, 11, 67, 15, 1281, 305, 9, 88, 10, 426, 428, 88, 428, 577, 15, 1281, 391, 320, 305, 9, 17, 481, 1737, 310, 269, 11, 82, 9, 84, 10, 559, 391, 11, 76, 9, 84, 6177, 187, 14, 20, 11, 84, 424, 19, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 89, 10, 426, 428, 22, 559, 495, 11, 89, 428, 1269, 428, 721, 11, 89, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 87, 10, 426, 362, 559, 337, 15, 3854, 608, 11, 82, 426, 428, 22, 428, 608, 15, 1281, 277, 426, 2805, 559, 428, 20, 15, 6762, 277, 11, 88, 9, 66, 10, 428, 480, 9, 66, 481, 187, 14, 66, 187, 1466, 465, 9, 77, 10, 426, 608, 11, 77, 424, 19, 559, 577, 11, 77, 559, 1249, 15, 1281, 247, 9, 83, 10, 426, 428, 83, 424, 19, 428, 391, 428, 337, 15, 1737, 310, 577, 11, 66, 9, 67, 10, 559, 465, 9, 67, 6177, 187, 67, 424, 19, 559, 854, 187, 1466, 2805, 9, 66, 10, 426, 428, 66, 424, 19, 559, 337, 15, 1281, 246, 9, 73, 10, 426, 428, 20, 11, 73, 424, 19, 559, 577, 15, 1281, 1484, 320, 12374, 740, 1933, 1010, 6959, 18, 5584, 1093, 5029, 11374, 1484, 11, 82, 9, 80, 10, 428, 495, 11, 85, 9, 80, 481, 187, 14, 20, 11, 80, 424, 19, 187, 1466, 278, 9, 68, 10, 426, 374, 11, 68, 15, 1281, 891, 9, 83, 10, 426, 391, 428, 337, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 79, 10, 426, 374, 11, 79, 428, 577, 15, 1281, 270, 9, 87, 10, 426, 577, 11, 74, 9, 87, 10, 428, 259, 9, 87, 481, 1281, 258, 9, 76, 10, 426, 465, 424, 19, 559, 608, 11, 76, 15, 1281, 1484, 320, 258, 1490, 23, 481, 6762, 1484, 11, 78, 9, 84, 10, 428, 608, 11, 67, 9, 84, 481, 187, 19, 11, 84, 187, 1466, 246, 9, 90, 10, 320, 253, 2626, 4309, 273, 374, 11, 90, 424, 22, 16, 1010, 559, 2145, 11, 90, 424, 21, 16, 1348, 428, 721, 11, 90, 424, 19, 15, 1281, 288, 9, 66, 10, 426, 428, 19, 11, 66, 424, 19, 428, 495, 11, 66, 15, 1281, 1182, 426, 655, 559, 428, 740, 15, 1737, 310, 1182, 11, 73, 9, 87, 10, 559, 374, 11, 85, 9, 87, 6177, 187, 14, 19, 11, 87, 424, 19, 428, 362, 187, 1466, 295, 9, 87, 10, 426, 470, 559, 1903, 11, 87, 428, 577, 11, 87, 424, 19, 428, 495, 11, 87, 424, 20, 559, 608, 428, 1668, 11, 87, 15, 1281, 277, 320, 3383, 19, 5789, 24, 10, 559, 3383, 26, 1933, 24, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 68, 10, 426, 260, 424, 23802, 1433, 12101, 27, 29744, 71, 606, 1108, 322, 3445, 3422, 7890, 4683, 10315, 313, 31019, 20917, 454, 10, 187, 187, 47, 34483, 308, 2517, 285, 6439, 20917, 454, 452, 644, 327, 247, 38123, 1408, 273, 830, 841, 2469, 1643, 1107, 15, 32161, 1169, 407, 10846, 824, 347, 39452, 19644, 545, 280, 16688, 285, 16246, 10213, 452, 644, 31494, 1981, 314, 327, 1127, 15, 27874, 1598, 13, 326, 15274, 7788, 342, 436, 7126, 5400, 407, 21249, 14, 3169, 29744, 71, 606, 13, 425, 70, 25975, 25303, 405, 14, 33319, 1665, 15, 496, 958, 13, 342, 322, 3445, 3422, 7890, 4683, 10315, 13, 352, 778, 760, 320, 7457, 11411, 533, 627, 310, 253, 3282, 273, 247, 2644, 2360, 275, 5453, 1373, 6221, 1561, 581, 1924, 15, 4325, 1698, 14, 2364, 12315, 90, 5857, 281, 289, 30022, 5241, 673, 480, 2555, 447, 13, 352, 457, 84, 512, 1060, 15, 187, 187, 6869, 14, 31456, 273, 253, 15292, 17217, 12786, 13, 29744, 71, 606, 556, 2168, 20061, 2439, 253, 1824, 281, 1132, 49480, 3737, 28359, 285, 253, 1335, 14, 73, 31263, 19869, 73, 404, 15, 21836, 617, 15277, 347, 247, 22533, 1108, 309, 871, 417, 13, 2167, 253, 1724, 487, 250, 273, 1984, 723, 5936, 3095, 3965, 2714, 1108, 352, 457, 84, 417, 1892, 281, 923, 2139, 13628, 651, 320, 37937, 264, 327, 253, 4757, 273, 253, 2144, 1060, 15, 1876, 7457, 6031, 403, 966, 15, 35289, 1882, 896, 13, 5919, 13, 642, 14, 79, 49235, 966, 15, 9585, 1732, 80, 13, 949, 285, 949, 15, 187, 187, 2598, 368, 755, 1633, 751, 2802, 25935, 8924, 1108, 352, 778, 452, 271, 7392, 272, 13, 2761, 6105, 1963, 751, 391, 1648, 12801, 272, 253, 4951, 1066, 253, 1386, 14988, 3540, 533, 352, 457, 84, 9093, 1077, 2969, 285, 1077, 8050, 15, 33185, 1732, 80, 533, 512, 253, 1805, 323, 352, 15, 2064, 2761, 417, 627, 391, 1648, 310, 253, 3686, 281, 320, 295, 29191, 314, 12659, 672, 7046, 562, 432, 247, 5453, 715, 253, 4131, 23993, 15, 187, 187, 8924, 7161, 1680, 1500, 8924, 310, 1014, 625, 1066, 281, 253, 6371, 15, 3666, 9397, 9113, 407, 29744, 71, 606, 5972, 347, 9093, 816, 247 ]	v(k). -7k - 1 Let n(p) = 3p3 + p2 + 6p + 8. Let v(z) = 4z3 + 2z*2 + 7z + 9. What is -5n(s) + 4v(s)? s*3 + 3s*2 - 2s - 4 Let k(o) = -4o2 + 19o - o - 13o + 5. Let g(t) = -2t*2 + 3t + 3. Calculate -5g(i) + 3k(i). -2i2 Let q(k) = 133k*2 + 8k + 8. Let c(h) = 89h2 + 5h + 5. Determine 8c(t) - 5q(t). 47t2 Let j(o) be the third derivative of -5o*4/24 + 5o*3/6 - 17o*2. Let r(l) = 5l - 4. Give 4j(f) + 5r(f). 5f Suppose 5y + 18 = -17. Let w(o) = -o - 3. Let f(m) = 1. Let h be (-1)/31(6 - 0). What is hw(j) + yf(j)? 2j - 1 Let u(o) = 2o*2 - 2o + 8. Let a be (-2 - -7)(-1 - 0). Suppose -r - 18 = -4r. Let p = r + a. Let w(k) = -1. What is pu(f) + 6w(f)? 2f2 - 2f + 2 Let o(x) = -3 + 1 + 5x2 - x3 - 5 + 6x. Suppose -4v + 16 = -3v. Let l(d) = -2d + 0d*3 - 3d + vd2 + d3 + 6 - 20d*2. Calculate 6l(p) + 5o(p). p3 + p2 + 1 Let i(x) = -10x*3 - 2x*2 - x - 2. Let t(j) = 21j*3 + 5j*2 + 2j + 5. Determine 5i(v) + 2t(v). -8v3 - v Let b(z) = 3z. Suppose 0 = 3f - x + 19 - 1, -f = 3x + 16. Let g(t) = -10t - 1. What is fb(k) - 2g(k)? -k + 2 Let c(y) = y2 + y + 3. Let g(r) = -3r*2 - 2r - 7. Give 5c(p) + 2g(p). -p*2 + p + 1 Let l(b) = 7b*2 - 5b + 2. Let q(a) = -13a - 38a*2 + 58a*2 - a + 6. What is 17l(f) - 6q(f)? -f2 - f - 2 Let y be ((-8)/3)/(-2)60/40. Let k(x) = x + 2. Let w(q) = 15q + 33. Determine yw(r) - 33k(r). -3r Let j(s) = s*2 + 3. Let w be -2(-4)/(-16)-4. Let x(c) = -3c*2 - 10. Determine wx(p) + 7j(p). p2 + 1 Let b(t) = -6t + 1. Let q(y) = y - 2. Let c(z) = b(z) - 6q(z). Let a(d) = d - 1. Calculate -22a(j) - 2c(j). 2j - 4 Suppose -19 = -3g - 5q, -q = -4g - 3 + 13. Let r(w) = -4w + 23. Let h be r(7). Let u(t) = 5t - 1. Let o(y) = 9y - 2. Give go(f) + hu(f). 2f - 1 Let i(s) = -s + 31. Let v(c) = -2c + 91. Determine 8i(x) - 3v(x). -2x - 25 Let n(f) = 3f*3 - 3f*2 + 3f - 2. Let x be (-54)/482-8. Let a(c) = 13c3 - 13c*2 + 13c - 9. What is xn(g) - 4a(g)? 2g3 - 2g*2 + 2g Let k(u) = 3u. Let f = 4 - 1. Let q(b) = -b2 + 4b. Let g(w) = -w - 4. Let r be g(0). What is fq(s) + rk(s)? -3s2 Let j(x) = -5 + 3x - x - 6x. Let w(v) = v + 1. Suppose 5q = -5 - 5. Let d = q + -3. Calculate dw(a) - j(a). -a Let k(l) = 5l*2 + 4l + 12. Let a(r) = -r*2 - r - 1. What is 4a(b) + k(b)? b2 + 8 Let q(a) = -a2 + 1. Let t(h) = -3h2 + 4. Let u be ((-10)/15)/(1/(-18)). Determine uq(o) - 3t(o). -3o*2 Let m(c) = 2c. Let i(r) = r - 1. Let w(n) = 2n - 4. Let b(v) = 4i(v) - w(v). Let o(k) = k*2 + 5k. Let u be o(-6). Calculate um(s) - 5b(s). 2s Let t(y) be the third derivative of 2y*5/15 + 13y*4/24 - 6y*2. Let h(a) = -2a*2 - 3a. Let z = 19 + -10. What is zh(v) + 2t(v)? -2v2 - v Let n(v) = 0 + 11v - 4v2 - 3v*3 + 5 - 16v. Let d be (-2)/(-7) + (-9)/7. Let w(c) = c**GIITTV: Umfang – Symbolic Use Of Light (Technicolour) Ninja Tune and Technicolour have been on a frightening run of form these past few years. Releases by artists such as Hieroglyphic Being and Jay Daniel have been rattlingly on point. Remarkably, that consistency continues with this excellent album by Brooklyn-based Umfang, nee Emma Burgess-Olson. In fact, with Symbolic Use Of Light, it may only be nine tracks but there is the sense of a whole night in clubland contained within one record. From low-key moody entry to thumping peak time jollies, it’s all here. Co-founder of the Discwoman collective, Umfang has already stretched across the water to play Corsica Studios and the still-hallowed Berghain. Whatever her abilities as a DJ – I know not, though the calibre of bookings suggests someone pretty special – it’s not hard to see why ears would be pricked on the strength of the material here. All nine efforts are class. Stripped back, efficient, no-nonsense class. Club techno, through and through. So you get something like ‘Weight‘ – it may have an echoing, almost church organ like riff orbiting the straight down the line drum track but it’s essentially very simple and very bare. Functional techno but all the better for it. That almost not there riff is the sort to be naggingly remembered when spat out from a club into the morning sunlight. ‘Where Is She‘ is even more down to the wire. Described correctly by Umfang herself as essentially just a
[ 2273, 498, 17867, 7369, 432, 4433, 281, 2075, 1679, 685, 370, 15054, 15, 361, 275, 10474, 285, 1600, 15, 13662, 14874, 2908, 7830, 323, 247, 773, 37, 2682, 668, 275, 253, 4260, 14, 37773, 84, 15, 6102, 310, 253, 1491, 6221, 275, 776, 16064, 457, 84, 4849, 273, 1133, 15720, 7177, 432, 1283, 3156, 949, 46416, 13, 7177, 534, 3831, 824, 7561, 7478, 4454, 347, 26062, 22637, 285, 2207, 1665, 659, 3298, 15, 187, 187, 34, 1133, 15720, 9732, 21612, 13, 15483, 773, 1093, 394, 1388, 273, 10733, 45834, 668, 9563, 27, 773, 1147, 310, 20585, 18065, 326, 416, 15, 329, 15, 367, 16468, 556, 4817, 247, 20297, 8368, 1078, 441, 275, 253, 1563, 12998, 13, 40027, 15, 20268, 3756, 13, 21108, 13, 24207, 13, 1997, 21089, 13, 3096, 3756, 13, 1780, 23343, 285, 310, 2104, 281, 1918, 9775, 275, 253, 1072, 15, 754, 556, 25761, 644, 1119, 273, 1175, 9447, 1894, 285, 273, 20566, 3745, 281, 9798, 247, 2143, 285, 359, 452, 3103, 17236, 779, 281, 9798, 275, 253, 3625, 6629, 275, 436, 26469, 273, 10043, 17026, 275, 253, 3928, 273, 27373, 323, 253, 1307, 273, 767, 1107, 432, 253, 3522, 1060, 1171, 1425, 187, 187, 510, 14204, 310, 6704, 407, 7252, 34405, 13, 4726, 31881, 13, 285, 407, 23316, 4051, 1370, 1321, 13, 26469, 28568, 15, 367, 16468, 457, 84, 1416, 285, 253, 4454, 273, 253, 12989, 403, 3542, 275, 4067, 13, 2761, 1067, 32608, 280, 4876, 15, 187, 187, 37261, 5363, 41271, 275, 1110, 2393, 1897, 497, 273, 767, 12314, 3510, 13, 2629, 4948, 2530, 407, 253, 9635, 285, 1110, 2130, 432, 3906, 6186, 10111, 13, 327, 534, 253, 40707, 1416, 369, 1133, 15720, 2112, 342, 643, 21452, 1491, 15, 743, 1283, 3677, 17191, 2722, 326, 2207, 1665, 659, 3298, 5087, 370, 1857, 15, 805, 275, 10474, 323, 773, 5443, 13, 3928, 13, 26469, 13, 23307, 13, 21788, 13, 399, 2682, 13, 4726, 3995, 13, 11397, 285, 4726, 13662, 265, 1425, 496, 42129, 13, 26062, 22637, 5087, 370, 3566, 15, 1839, 323, 2418, 13, 3928, 13, 26469, 285, 4726, 13662, 265, 1425, 1707, 369, 642, 17657, 285, 642, 39081, 15, 733, 588, 1379, 690, 28063, 281, 3653, 672, 253, 773, 21941, 668, 2891, 3407, 15, 187, 187, 1672, 312, 1699, 2067, 41271, 285, 1133, 15720, 7177, 5644, 281, 643, 19241, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 665, 369, 21088, 367, 2835, 257, 13, 323, 5207, 22637, 5087, 10474, 275, 1283, 3439, 13, 9417, 347, 617, 3244, 6854, 32, 1737, 275, 247, 1283, 3680, 14, 1540, 2962, 273, 13122, 3977, 281, 247, 38111, 273, 2867, 32, 187, 187, 8430, 253, 47021, 310, 417, 1900, 1791, 917, 13, 273, 1600, 403, 253, 2021, 4454, 273, 26469, 21764, 2967, 13, 38367, 84, 14, 1093, 1438, 84, 15, 20599, 27, 28585, 13, 24126, 282, 13, 36338, 13, 367, 2955, 793, 13, 4268, 8243, 13, 48517, 968, 1456, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2173, 4849, 273, 7177, 327, 534, 436, 3929, 310, 1754, 310, 13037, 275, 247, 2829, 1842, 293, 13, 247, 20623, 22173, 13, 534, 12942, 4264, 33310, 949, 15, 1707, 310, 247, 26416, 432, 253, 3563, 29316, 84, 281, 31610, 13, 835, 597, 923, 247, 14204, 24025, 500, 15, 443, 15, 40753, 1981, 457, 84, 14199, 275, 253, 17372, 8273, 273, 12551, 2755, 2198, 457, 84, 544, 25831, 1570, 1707, 310, 247, 31687, 3310, 4645, 253, 7289, 273, 773, 45, 302, 11057, 7874, 35942, 38625, 14, 9389, 668, 407, 10043, 17026, 14544, 10734, 329, 15, 16639, 2676, 408, 773, 9, 66, 2014, 637, 10, 668, 281, 2516, 399, 15, 18544, 266, 773, 1171, 4855, 1373, 4913, 13, 11314, 1425, 187, 187, 510, 22173, 671, 4428, 2067, 12255, 8392, 13, 31610, 14, 2405, 13, 327, 2170, 10907, 751, 2418, 46384, 6022, 273, 10043, 17026, 285, 4855, 1373, 4913, 2418, 6022, 27, 42659, 281, 13629, 322, 15, 20554, 2434, 15, 407, 18252, 322, 15, 7902, 285, 7830, 281, 411, 78, 15, 500, 15, 22618, 407, 7727, 500, 15, 473, 10448, 13, 2975, 15, 1707, 457, 84, 247, 2659, 3310, 13, 285, 271, 44728, 773, 31808, 459, 1806, 285, 247, 15842, 7830, 24388, 13, 773, 7845, 3718, 441, 342, 7830, 327, 390, 1078, 668, 10733, 15, 337, 13, 31751, 6808, 407, 3973, 2418, 6022, 273, 10043, 17026, 294, 773, 45, 302, 3435, 12694, 9396, 8464, 684, 1621, 15, 337, 1425, 187, 187, 3463, 428, 8524, 928, 25403, 28720, 187, 187, 510, 11579, 1080, 285, 581, 273, 253, 23569, 2758, 273, 253, 10043, 17026, 27424, 8273, 11032, 15, 18, 15, 7327, 273, 253, 14723, 187, 510, 13911, 3839, 7033, 281, 247, 4382, 13844, 6333, 13, 285, 625, 3782, 13, 7033, 281, 247, 4382, 13844, 6333, 323, 3365, 8925, 2139, 247, 4382, 310, 440, 13449, 494, 15, 187, 19, 15, 11451, 273, 253, 15073, 3975, 187, 3039, 247, 4382, 310, 10969, 285, 440, 13449, 494, 13, 247, 4382, 8706, 1342, 3798, 3587, 1471, 702, 84, 253, 322, 6527, 313, 15705, 19832, 16, 11021, 10, 11291, 432, 253, 3101, 4697, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 10969, 7491, 273, 253, 4382, 778, 320, 417, 4269, 407, 253, 322, 6527, 11291, 13, 285, 253, 16837, 273, 253, 11291, 310, 15279, 285, 673, 14, 33136, 15, 187, 688, 2720, 1445, 13, 247, 13844, 3120, 313, 70, 15, 72, 904, 6162, 1438, 26073, 9858, 10, 310, 908, 281, 3653, 2139, 253, 4382, 310, 440, 13449, 494, 13, 533, 672, 253, 3101, 4697, 273, 253, 4382, 2550, 320, 20351, 327, 13, 697, 28885, 2697, 313, 23088, 19832, 24882, 4155, 10, 310, 13603, 13, 285, 253, 2847, 273, 253, 440, 13449, 494, 4382, 2550, 320, 5867, 407, 253, 6041, 13844, 3120, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 35975, 27, 309, 16, 48, 5871, 275, 247, 6287, 32, 187, 187, 42, 452, 281, 3359, 247, 6287, 326, 14949, 9563, 941, 432, 247, 2813, 3066, 2990, 15, 3954, 309, 1353, 12371, 604, 352, 310, 5919, 281, 3359, 352, 751, 436, 27, 187, 187, 8252, 247, 12954, 6293, 15, 187, 688, 436, 12954, 6293, 13, 6287, 1919, 247, 7908, 310, 873, 15, 187, 26190, 253, 6287, 13, 1347, 34265, 309, 16, 48, 15, 187, 187, 10795, 436, 452, 667, 3045, 3486, 2429, 281, 35576, 309, 16, 48, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 7024, 449, 187, 2042, 253, 2990, 2813, 310, 9603, 247, 11792, 5542, 273, 941, 840, 352, 2789, 3282, 281, 452, 247, 6293, 9940, 281, 1296, 11733, 352, 11842, 4087, 15, 380, 6293, 8336, 1919, 941, 310, 2130, 13, 840, 9563, 285, 4870, 253, 941, 15, 2064, 6293, 476, 24651, 253, 2022, 6293, 347, 3309, 15, 187, 2042, 253, 2813, 11330, 941, 760, 2192, 34416, 13, 840, 352, 1537, 1056, 625, 3282, 281, 897, 35576, 9762, 15, 30810, 271, 20605, 1239, 1067, 275, 253, 2022, 6293, 13, 840, 564, 670, 634, 2136, 15, 2091, 941, 4916, 2130, 13, 840, 352, 434, 1239, 407, 253, 20605, 15259, 285, 11742, 347, 4569, 13, 285, 247, 747, 20605, 1239, 310, 6808, 15, 187, 2773, 434, 253, 2087, 4086, 309, 897, 27, 8783, 273, 941, 13, 840, 5514, 9038, 247, 6293, 15, 13160, 38976, 941, 13, 897, 20605, 15, 2064, 434, 417, 247, 1892, 285, 3809, 4086, 13, 533, 352, 434, 835, 309, 1265, 15, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 3045, 3486, 2057, 1039, 15, 733, 434, 247, 2647, 273, 5454, 14273, 15, 329, 15663, 6293, 588, 21409, 5300, 313, 13374, 3441, 8031, 2317, 13, 285, 5913, 941, 253, 6293, 15613, 4648, 10, 323, 697, 2862, 12702, 15, 1310, 253, 6293, 310, 9100, 954, 273, 697, 673, 6179, 327, 3280, 13, 326, 434, 417, 247, 1077, 5919, 897, 273, 5300, 15, 187, 2374, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 352, 3936, 690, 1327, 14, 10528, 2408, 273, 673, 281, 2523, 271, 35576, 1239, 2748, 15, 1310, 368, 1902, 941, 2192, 34416, 313, 19506, 13, 642, 625, 685, 2378, 591, 1273, 582, 840, 253, 18332, 3206, 275, 1110, 35576, 1239, 9762, 310, 3164, 19124, 15, 1292, 604, 368, 452, 247, 5415, 5542, 273, 941, 285, 368, 1472, 29018, 8307, 390, 6763, 273, 35576, 1239, 9762, 591, 1273, 13, 840, 253, 18332, 310, 1469, 281, 2818, 3045, 15, 2091, 368, 1472, 2509, 326, 1142, 1239, 9762, 13, 368, 9093, 452, 247, 9940, 6293, 5162, 253, 3280, 13, 594, 368, 1537, 347, 973, 816, 25636, 634, 2086, 285, 2794, 247, 15663, 6293, 15, 535, 190, 187, 283, 5731, 6333, 2715, 4888, 187, 23687, 2634, 10404, 64, 14825, 65, 21503, 2634, 4149, 65, 426, 686, 18, 15, 21, 15, 18, 8, 17242, 2634, 11317, 65, 426, 686, 4697, 8, 4889, 2634, 4149, 65, 426, 686, 18, 15, 21, 15, 17, 5618, 15971, 1848, 31264, 8112, 1703, 4653, 14647, 33949, 187, 187, 49194, 4023, 12206, 1511, 13, 8566, 285, 38194, 15, 41793, 273, 1029, 4757, 17454, 23924, 13, 1077, 28831, 15, 56, 504, 285, 4443, 1730, 264, 2553, 2085, 247, 1805, 32535, 15, 52, 32672, 323, 954, 19151, 5005, 15, 1552, 4667, 273, 378, 2576, 2148, 16868, 267, 588, 1056, 634, 21834, 625, 38194, 285, 23107, 15, 605, 381, 11468, 21688, 44629, 968, 15, 14161, 428, 15108, 1419, 5841, 281, 3541, 4270, 968, 15369, 16536, 605, 187, 605, 187, 605, 3512, 273, 253, 21708, 11804, 8049, 13, 762, 253, 14325, 4637, 362, 19, 15, 17, 342, 21708, 11804, 1889, 14233, 15, 187, 605, 2594, 5987, 1358, 38381, 15, 2061, 16, 17821, 15, 10134, 323, 7981, 1491, 15, 187, 605, 35588, 57, 14, 17736, 14, 18483, 27, 14325, 14, 19, 15, 17, 9277, 21708, 11804, 14, 22558, 187, 605, 187, 605, 16536, 43067, 16536, 605, 187, 605, 187, 605, 831, 2021, 273, 3470, 22649, 5841, 281, 4270, 249, 3470, 326, 29211, 187, 605, 390, 1959, 3541, 15, 187, 605, 187, 605, 16536, 43067, 16536, 605, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 21911, 44629, 968, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 2088, 4807, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 11336, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 36301, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 1267, 1843, 633, 6230, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 9710, 2531, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 2776, 7676, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 12168, 27903, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 12168, 20607, 6074, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 19611, 16, 12599, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 3902, 2290, 10892, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 22388, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 23372, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 31171, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 3233, 9683, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 48300, 15668, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 11594, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 18590, 44292, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 18590, 23807, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 10548, 2705, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 10548, 6477, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 43598, 12003, 10548, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 36853, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 2548, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 3902, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22032, 16, 36, 14669, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22032, 16, 14154, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22032, 16, 18102, 7992, 6230, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22032, 16, 2040, 64, 33203, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 68, 8271, 31, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 68, 8400, 565, 31, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 17828, 31, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 307, 874, 31, 187, 187, 5302, 12953, 26198, 11618, 28, 187, 187, 4, 3182, 40374, 64, 10560, 346, 20704, 14, 20989, 968, 3, 187, 187, 14379, 1876, 406, 2548, 1163, 4770, 25, 64, 85, 551, 187, 50276, 12535, 4257, 9817, 50268, 30, 337, 14193 ]	foreclosures resulted from failure to pay less than $155.00 in taxes and interest. Tax bills included payment for a “Ditch” in the mid-1800s. Such is the information contained in our museum’s collection of handwritten documents from 1841 through 1885, documents which contain such widely recognized names as Dennis Quick and Orson Starr. A handwritten teacher certification, dated “18th day of Nov 1862” reads: “It is hereby certified that R. A. Packer has passed a satisfactory examination before us in the following branches, viz. Orthography, Reading, Writing, Grammar, Geography, Arithmetic and is able to give instruction in the same. He has moreover been found of good moral character and of competent ability to teach a school and we have therefore licensed him to teach in the primary schools in this Township of Royal Oak in the County of Oakland for the term of two years from the date hereof.” The certificate is signed by William Robertson, School Inspector, and by Carlos Glazier, Township Clerk. Packer’s name and the names of the topics are written in larger, almost calligraphic letters. Township receipts in those early days were of two generic types, standard forms provided by the county and those available from office supply stores, on which the township name was handwritten along with other pertinent information. An 1871 receipt shows that Orson Starr paid $45.12 in taxes for “State, County, Township, Personal, Highway, Ditch, School House, Library and School Taxes.” In 1861, Dennis Quick paid $74.38 for State, County, Township and School Taxes.” There was no highway and no ditch. It will take some digging to determine when the “personal” tax began. Examining several receipts and handwritten documents leads to other queries. For example, who was Marie Pittingen, for whom Quick paid taxes in 1854, serving as her executor? What in a 1858-64 series of transactions led to a forfeiture of property? Although the handwriting is not always legible, of interest are the family names of Township treasurers, 1850s-1880s. Examples: Blair, Curtle, Drake, Phelps, Judsen, Blankinship. The specific collection of documents on which this article is based is gathered in a table easel, a catalog rack, which visitors enjoy browsing through. There is a leap from the late 1800s to 1925, where they see a certificate confirming J. G. Codling’s membership in the Detroit Society of Optometrist’s [sic]. There is a 1927 contract showing the sale of “Lot Number Four Hundred Fifty-two” by Royal Oak resident Ray A. Tyrrill “(a single man)” to John D. Cowan “of Highland Park, Michigan.” The rack also contains several checks drawn, 1925-31, on area banks like State Savings Bank of Royal Oak and Highland Park State Bank: Payment to Grant S. Oliver Co. by Albert S. Johnson and payment to Wm. J. Phillips by Richard J. Opie, respectively. There’s a land contract, and an 1888 “indenture,” and a mortgage payment reminder, “Please favor us with payment on or before” Nov. 1, 1928 issued by First State Bank of Royal Oak re “Lot 27 Elizabeth Lake Estates No. 1.” By - Muriel Versagi The Curator and one of the founding members of the Royal Oak Historical Society Museum.1. Field of the Invention The disclosure generally relates to a computer debug module, and more particularly, relates to a computer debug module for simply determining why a computer is unbootable. 2. Description of the Related Art When a computer is abnormal and unbootable, a computer repairman usually directly demounts the SIO (Super Input/Output) chip from the motherboard. However, the abnormal boot of the computer may be not caused by the SIO chip, and the displacement of the chip is unnecessary and time-consuming. In prior art, a debug card (e.g., Port80 Debug Card) is used to determine why the computer is unbootable, but when the motherboard of the computer cannot be powered on, its BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is disabled, and the cause of the unbootable computer cannot be analyzed by the conventional debug card.Q: Performance: I/O operations in a loop? I have to implement a loop that continuously reads data from a device via network. Now I'm wondering if it is efficient to implement it like this: Start a worker thread. In this worker thread, loop until a flag is set. Within the loop, perform synchronous I/O. Does this have any performance impact compared to asynchronous I/O? A: "It depends." If the network device is producing a steady stream of data then it makes sense to have a thread dedicated to servicing it synchronously. The thread blocks until data is available, then reads and processes the data. That thread can notify the main thread as necessary. If the device produces data only infrequently, then it might make more sense to use asynchronous requests. Issue an async read call in the main thread, then go about your business. When data becomes available, then it's read by the async callback and processed as appropriate, and a new async read is issued. That's the general rule I use: lots of data, then dedicate a thread. Infrequent data, use async. That's not a hard and fast rule, but it's where I start. There is a performance impact either way. It's a matter of tradeoffs. A persistent thread will consume resources (primarily stack space, and whatever data the thread proc uses) for its entire lifetime. If the thread is spending most of its time waiting on input, that's not a very efficient use of resources. On the other hand, it takes some non-zero amount of time to issue an asynchronous read request. If you expect data infrequently (say, no more than once per second), then the overhead involved in those asynchronous read requests is probably irrelevant. But if you have a continuous stream of data and you're issuing hundreds or thousands of asynchronous read requests per second, then the overhead is going to affect performance. When you're doing that many read requests, you essentially have a dedicated thread processing the input, so you might as well just simplify your program and create a persistent thread. -- update module version UPDATE `sys_modules` SET `version` = '1.4.1' WHERE `uri` = 'board' AND `version` = '1.4.0'; RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS Universal ball bearing type, compact and stylish.Made of high strength aluminum alloy, very durable.Wide and embossed surface provide a better traction.Suitable for most bicycles.This pair of Bicycle Pedal will make your cycling more stylish and safer.//===- MemoryBuiltins.cpp - Identify calls to memory builtins -------------===// // // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions. // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// // // This family of functions identifies calls to builtin functions that allocate // or free memory. // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// #include "llvm/Analysis/MemoryBuiltins.h" #include "llvm/ADT/APInt.h" #include "llvm/ADT/None.h" #include "llvm/ADT/Optional.h" #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h" #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h" #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetFolder.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetLibraryInfo.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/Utils/Local.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/ValueTracking.h" #include "llvm/IR/Argument.h" #include "llvm/IR/Attributes.h" #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h" #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h" #include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h" #include "llvm/IR/Function.h" #include "llvm/IR/GlobalAlias.h" #include "llvm/IR/GlobalVariable.h" #include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h" #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h" #include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h" #include "llvm/IR/Operator.h" #include "llvm/IR/Type.h" #include "llvm/IR/Value.h" #include "llvm/Support/Casting.h" #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h" #include "llvm/Support/MathExtras.h" #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h" #include <cassert> #include <cstdint> #include <iterator> #include <utility> using namespace llvm; #define DEBUG_TYPE "memory-builtins" enum AllocType : uint8_t { OpNewLike = 1<<
[ 19864, 657, 40176, 281, 1705, 281, 634, 2143, 15, 1244, 1053, 626, 2985, 617, 6335, 273, 5859, 10556, 1512, 15, 2207, 4143, 657, 40176, 285, 643, 1270, 4477, 273, 1327, 33223, 323, 2151, 387, 253, 2949, 44, 19296, 40202, 15, 187, 187, 31189, 432, 247, 13601, 839, 1789, 24376, 275, 512, 10746, 15, 380, 8346, 13628, 273, 5074, 285, 952, 773, 72, 1226, 668, 3590, 10212, 285, 37346, 731, 715, 253, 2472, 15, 21157, 13628, 4822, 3590, 1805, 685, 1355, 4394, 15, 187, 187, 30635, 399, 11798, 187, 187, 41937, 588, 4264, 436, 2425, 285, 597, 588, 1007, 42742, 9398, 616, 773, 12185, 13628, 1806, 533, 253, 2425, 1057, 1379, 247, 2372, 273, 9008, 15, 8937, 254, 3484, 476, 1056, 616, 1211, 13628, 13, 533, 271, 6782, 1537, 878, 281, 2624, 253, 1463, 7793, 275, 253, 5004, 273, 253, 2929, 15107, 323, 611, 14, 19, 3484, 15, 1310, 368, 452, 2885, 15986, 13, 597, 476, 10347, 773, 12185, 13628, 668, 323, 253, 966, 15, 187, 187, 510, 40185, 187, 187, 6014, 309, 187, 11778, 512, 3484, 2454, 275, 253, 1072, 3884, 15, 2635, 452, 3095, 3212, 731, 24476, 253, 3000, 346, 21328, 885, 634, 1133, 604, 368, 476, 4089, 479, 449, 313, 49397, 3564, 588, 564, 598, 2698, 10209, 13, 452, 3484, 2186, 598, 3564, 275, 2914, 273, 731, 13, 38101, 10268, 731, 28, 840, 452, 731, 1899, 616, 3564, 275, 2914, 273, 616, 13628, 594, 616, 38101, 403, 10268, 3212, 731, 15, 7160, 260, 1135, 264, 3564, 588, 4822, 3590, 3551, 432, 3212, 731, 15, 12238, 253, 10866, 365, 6554, 10280, 253, 12616, 13, 346, 21328, 885, 634, 1133, 604, 368, 476, 4089, 479, 449, 329, 2257, 625, 3564, 943, 564, 598, 984, 253, 3484, 8, 260, 1135, 264, 3564, 4822, 625, 273, 253, 3590, 3551, 432, 3212, 731, 15, 187, 187, 6014, 3719, 187, 13325, 346, 12185, 13628, 3, 407, 9968, 11385, 275, 253, 5004, 273, 253, 2929, 15107, 347, 2011, 275, 253, 10659, 15, 28593, 247, 1355, 5313, 273, 253, 5004, 273, 253, 5500, 594, 352, 588, 10584, 3212, 253, 2472, 15, 5815, 5974, 943, 1691, 247, 5500, 689, 1016, 2472, 15, 1583, 1024, 452, 346, 12185, 13628, 449, 12238, 253, 2151, 8028, 16092, 285, 923, 752, 7835, 597, 1024, 4089, 326, 597, 1904, 626, 4089, 1078, 15, 187, 187, 15705, 13628, 789, 1014, 1805, 604, 368, 2624, 271, 2897, 1070, 46324, 745, 253, 2914, 273, 253, 15107, 15, 3010, 7835, 403, 1024, 37346, 264, 715, 253, 15107, 285, 616, 13628, 15, 187, 187, 510, 8072, 187, 187, 30326, 3484, 281, 2312, 670, 5074, 8, 13628, 15, 3166, 597, 871, 273, 667, 5074, 326, 452, 1781, 13628, 15, 21696, 1537, 3748, 42322, 390, 29948, 15, 5595, 28156, 452, 1077, 1781, 8346, 13628, 984, 597, 3469, 327, 17055, 41249, 15, 1583, 5007, 562, 1029, 14, 18086, 2147, 12774, 8765, 326, 31888, 745, 271, 1789, 285, 1091, 281, 253, 10464, 434, 13628, 15, 187, 187, 5035, 625, 4679, 342, 3590, 275, 14332, 84, 285, 4867, 36678, 27, 6875, 15955, 342, 18874, 407, 657, 40176, 43342, 13, 12800, 407, 11819, 388, 3348, 453, 282, 13, 380, 13134, 30103, 5687, 13, 5307, 15, 18281, 470, 7840, 1277, 1410, 187, 187, 9006, 4827, 1907, 521, 1083, 3809, 27173, 275, 1302, 4321, 3063, 13, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 3035, 1473, 39370, 556, 644, 7169, 247, 42187, 1340, 1411, 667, 2852, 9930, 285, 4743, 7437, 407, 11596, 7717, 17264, 401, 565, 266, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 15, 187, 187, 510, 42187, 1340, 3249, 347, 247, 906, 273, 247, 660, 31816, 5084, 275, 534, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 9919, 281, 7291, 885, 3824, 37268, 23387, 15, 6102, 369, 253, 12147, 273, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 457, 84, 391, 1369, 13713, 13, 7295, 2315, 14385, 32005, 9896, 14929, 3992, 16070, 264, 407, 21463, 272, 521, 4669, 285, 354, 43759, 2802, 262, 457, 84, 417, 4344, 457, 689, 285, 689, 969, 15, 187, 187, 35012, 272, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 275, 1302, 38700, 2131, 7195, 3972, 25915, 11106, 5460, 2802, 1136, 899, 593, 16236, 15956, 358, 29882, 16744, 457, 285, 2802, 78, 786, 39890, 457, 387, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 457, 84, 4028, 13, 534, 7692, 67, 1428, 253, 2934, 326, 11011, 310, 253, 20731, 1429, 323, 3309, 285, 3576, 247, 48033, 5593, 15, 187, 187, 43743, 2065, 78, 12143, 282, 2335, 1679, 685, 271, 4964, 281, 1089, 275, 9796, 273, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 285, 18627, 849, 253, 42187, 651, 789, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 10125, 273, 380, 11596, 7717, 4508, 401, 565, 266, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 457, 84, 3542, 7437, 1364, 1705, 642, 8003, 685, 2233, 4669, 273, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 275, 1340, 281, 3693, 667, 2852, 8513, 10450, 15, 2305, 39370, 457, 84, 1211, 21729, 281, 253, 9311, 1364, 320, 8549, 19734, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 457, 84, 4028, 13, 285, 512, 25957, 273, 253, 17264, 1364, 320, 5176, 432, 253, 2929, 15, 187, 187, 31568, 10263, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 457, 84, 4116, 281, 253, 6242, 273, 253, 25527, 812, 2454, 247, 24585, 5754, 6197, 15, 187, 187, 48, 457, 1992, 1306, 323, 521, 629, 13, 369, 14315, 407, 8293, 12143, 282, 670, 521, 2852, 2589, 13, 342, 253, 5963, 13458, 562, 773, 12550, 3000, 2818, 952, 285, 597, 452, 9099, 368, 871, 13, 368, 476, 457, 85, 564, 1475, 6789, 247, 653, 796, 247, 653, 796, 285, 1902, 281, 755, 1977, 342, 352, 6598, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 1869, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 457, 84, 33422, 273, 4177, 1894, 12170, 26740, 264, 253, 5963, 342, 13089, 14, 47165, 2496, 12576, 13692, 13, 36449, 418, 1662, 472, 285, 27264, 44346, 5801, 512, 3192, 281, 253, 1462, 281, 3890, 849, 21927, 301, 13, 30017, 850, 285, 5322, 2305, 39370, 310, 15, 187, 187, 42983, 253, 1302, 13, 2305, 39370, 9377, 1066, 275, 12330, 13366, 13, 1078, 3981, 344, 369, 9995, 253, 390, 25115, 369, 689, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 2513, 352, 1896, 281, 8071, 281, 25225, 68, 710, 3394, 327, 8217, 4095, 32, 187, 187, 42, 369, 2820, 281, 1973, 247, 3492, 1227, 2460, 32968, 323, 6109, 4095, 285, 309, 1353, 970, 25225, 68, 710, 281, 3148, 619, 10556, 15, 187, 18765, 1955, 281, 7364, 275, 253, 25225, 68, 710, 9508, 309, 1353, 15586, 281, 755, 619, 32968, 281, 789, 846, 247, 3492, 556, 644, 4546, 1580, 309, 5386, 619, 33828, 285, 25225, 68, 710, 37034, 271, 309, 6301, 534, 557, 2272, 3965, 1199, 512, 273, 619, 5181, 3394, 313, 4609, 403, 15726, 3066, 24627, 15, 4305, 481, 187, 1466, 479, 921, 368, 619, 2127, 27, 187, 10612, 1334, 4744, 484, 27, 187, 29, 2154, 2654, 568, 25377, 1138, 187, 50274, 29, 2154, 966, 5473, 35045, 16262, 187, 50270, 605, 35, 918, 68, 710, 20929, 755, 434, 13400, 1060, 15, 13478, 403, 8653, 3066, 4114, 187, 50274, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 50274, 29, 2154, 966, 5473, 35045, 35065, 16262, 187, 50274, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 50274, 29, 2154, 966, 5473, 35045, 34814, 16262, 187, 50275, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 187, 35, 918, 68, 710, 23280, 5837, 27, 187, 2044, 823, 17213, 426, 1159, 14574, 187, 50274, 5, 27174, 35045, 8539, 9691, 45635, 2154, 2654, 568, 1641, 17213, 19998, 6750, 2154, 31, 5137, 535, 50274, 1641, 9395, 19998, 2073, 1641, 17213, 19998, 1383, 19459, 15, 2574, 9, 6370, 481, 2203, 2073, 16455, 14, 301, 11470, 686, 25240, 25240, 5137, 535, 50274, 338, 9, 25833, 49501, 19998, 11013, 686, 31549, 8, 910, 187, 50269, 1352, 9453, 9, 187, 50265, 605, 284, 23078, 528, 10935, 273, 20235, 187, 50265, 1352, 788, 9026, 9, 346, 2413, 1358, 15787, 15, 33951, 68, 710, 15, 681, 16, 4305, 16, 35, 918, 68, 710, 18139, 7545, 64, 455, 15, 4305, 3, 12062, 187, 50265, 1352, 788, 9026, 9, 13357, 25887, 16, 25887, 16, 33951, 68, 710, 64, 16455, 15, 4305, 3, 12062, 187, 50265, 1352, 4612, 13004, 9, 3701, 9, 36334, 48946, 187, 50261, 6999, 36334, 15, 31327, 5349, 187, 50265, 2311, 187, 50268, 481, 17506, 9, 3701, 14574, 187, 50265, 1911, 17213, 1874, 187, 50268, 9897, 187, 50273, 94, 2010, 551, 187, 50268, 1911, 17213, 1874, 187, 50273, 94, 187, 187, 5949, 10535, 1981, 27, 187, 3701, 755, 19998, 2618, 9, 2203, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 1542, 313, 2044, 4198, 275, 941, 10, 187, 50270, 2309, 4198, 28, 187, 94, 187, 2044, 4760, 426, 49501, 19998, 15, 788, 18139, 1482, 9, 788, 19998, 2618, 9, 12847, 19998, 15, 38835, 28747, 5029, 14825, 15, 16455, 19998, 28, 187, 187, 15381, 15, 44364, 9, 3979, 17831, 5949, 15, 35895, 13, 327, 21020, 5949, 39, 1250, 558, 187, 15381, 15, 44364, 9, 3979, 17831, 5949, 15, 37547, 13, 327, 15021, 5949, 39, 1250, 558, 187, 187, 3701, 327, 21020, 5949, 39, 1250, 1082, 551, 187, 50274, 26544, 1587, 1993, 3287, 187, 94, 535, 1159, 327, 15021, 5949, 39, 1250, 1082, 551, 187, 50274, 26544, 1587, 13121, 3287, 187, 748, 187, 187, 33951, 68, 710, 64, 16455, 15, 4305, 27, 3944, 1358, 23164, 4805, 15, 681, 16, 71, 14135, 22, 18931, 38697, 187, 1552, 2686, 2987, 19652, 13102, 327, 619, 45946, 275, 1046, 9882, 15, 1292, 347, 3517, 347, 309, 1071, 352, 327, 8217, 4095, 352, 2506, 626, 789, 1580, 253, 22843, 9206, 3548, 626, 10607, 10542, 13, 533, 3185, 271, 891, 9270, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 767, 25225, 68, 710, 4760, 8990, 9508, 1969, 253, 17646, 22843, 14, 7483, 4760, 8990, 285, 253, 19778, 20929, 8990, 15, 1422, 1472, 970, 253, 3438, 534, 347, 368, 1849, 30346, 407, 1024, 2506, 626, 789, 342, 11685, 3773, 15, 187, 1552, 5474, 327, 253, 25225, 68, 710, 1329, 2670, 4278, 1275, 514, 4263, 634, 2127, 432, 253, 1711, 281, 253, 747, 4760, 8990, 15, 15267, 31900, 27910, 287, 895, 313, 22468, 25895, 10, 187, 187, 31900, 27910, 287, 895, 313, 746, 1630, 1253, 8602, 10, 369, 247, 5112, 24996, 15, 187, 187, 1413, 27, 746, 1630, 10782, 187, 1413, 27, 8602, 8923, 187, 1413, 27, 21258, 38676, 187, 1413, 27, 11688, 12397, 38676, 4, 34834, 11919, 16, 4805, 16, 12540, 15548, 187, 187, 4, 831, 12269, 6307, 7191, 310, 2256, 281, 253, 2426, 273, 253, 44502, 5259, 187, 4, 4637, 13, 362, 15, 374, 15, 17, 15, 1310, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 353, 3859, 369, 417, 5939, 342, 436, 187, 4, 1873, 13, 1422, 476, 4044, 581, 387, 5987, 1358, 45189, 15, 2061, 16, 45590, 16, 19, 15, 17, 14206, 187, 4, 8283, 313, 68, 10, 4240, 44502, 11294, 187, 187, 4064, 5135, 15, 26544, 14605, 1395, 37330, 13264, 187, 4064, 5497, 91, 1545, 64, 8906, 15, 7267, 64, 19286, 1395, 14736, 8053, 13, 13302, 21008, 13, 1777, 30319, 21008, 535, 187, 2437, 37330, 23760, 8478, 307, 832, 48040, 9, 33388, 13264, 2262, 187, 50274, 1545, 2022, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 12083, 64, 5397, 2073, 2413, 64, 14399, 64, 1288, 307, 832, 48040, 15, 8259, 1383, 14412, 6434, 23405, 187, 50270, 8716, 64, 7267, 426, 14736, 8053, 9, 32117, 30, 1010, 10, 535, 50270, 8716, 64, 7267, 15, 1911, 64, 18265, 8850, 187, 50266, 18919, 21008, 2073, 14267, 1383, 686, 9108, 11470, 187, 50266, 18919, 21008, 2073, 6756, 1383, 686, 37277, 11470, 187, 50266, 2641, 30319, 21008, 2073, 23454, 15, 9939, 1383, 686, 15714, 8478, 307, 832, 263, 2844, 1450, 23760, 64, 15714, 8478, 307, 832, 263, 2844, 64, 6601, 16468, 3401, 187, 50270, 3291, 535, 50270, 1286, 15, 41282, 4779, 780, 9, 8716, 64, 7267, 10, 187, 50270, 4, 14736, 3394, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8716, 24121, 21595, 1082, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 13678, 24121, 1082, 535, 50274, 4, 6618, 10028, 3607, 187, 50274, 1545, 327, 5949, 9, 1286, 13, 2362, 2262, 187, 50270, 14267, 426, 686, 1696, 468, 19825, 8, 187, 50270, 23059, 426, 14412, 2413, 6038, 187, 50270, 26219, 414, 426, 686, 42328, 8, 187, 50270, 5465, 1590, 426, 2362, 5013, 64, 6756, 34368, 5465, 1590, 6038, 187, 50270, 6434, 426, 1881, 15, 5397, 15, 6434, 535, 50270, 4, 253, 6010, 273, 253, 10028, 310, 253, 1072, 347, 253, 2362, 187, 50270, 8774, 426, 39846, 17, 94, 551, 18, 94, 5983, 8124, 9, 5465, 1590, 13, 2362, 5013, 64, 6756, 34368, 8774, 23405, 535, 50270, 4, 13119, 253, 10028, 1789, 1754, 327, 841, 3607, 187, 50270, 2309, 1881, 15, 6953, 33388, 38592, 9, 8774, 13, 7140, 13, 14610, 13, 544, 8045, 1092, 12147, 30, 26219, 414, 13 ]	invite Vicki to come to your school. And don't miss her library of science videos too. Or visit Vicki and other great authors of nonfiction for children at the INK Think Tank. Sound from a vibrating object travels in all directions. The outer ears of animals and people “gather” sound waves and funnel them into the ear. Large ears collect sound better than small ones. Stage Direction Students will enjoy this activity and they will look adorable wearing their “super ears,” but the activity does take a bit of preparation. Older students can make their own ears, but an adult might need to cut the proper hole in the bottom of the paper cups for K-2 students. If you have parent volunteers, they can prepare “super ears” for the class. The Plot Act I Have all students face in the same direction. Then have someone behind them whisper the words "Raise your hand if you can hear me." (Few hands will go up.) Next, have students hold up hands in front of them, palms facing them; then have them position their hands in front of their ears so their palms are facing behind them. Their cupped hands will collect sound coming from behind them. Have the whisperer repeat the phrase, "Raise your hand if you can hear me." A lot more hands should go up because the students' cupped hands collect more of the sound coming from behind them. Act II Make "super ears" by cutting holes in the bottom of the paper cups as shown in the diagram. Leave a small piece of the bottom of the cup so it will hook behind the ear. Each student should put a cup over each ear. They now have "super ears." Have the children listen quietly and see what sounds they now hear that they didn't hear before. Super ears work even better if you cut an angled scoop off the front of the cups. More sounds are now funneled into the cups and their ears. The End Ask students to talk about animals' ears. Do they know of any animals that have large ears. Students might mention elephants or rabbits. Most bats have very large outer ears because they depend on collecting echoes. They send out high-pitched squeaks that bounce off an object and return to the bat's ears. See more experiments with sound in Bangs and Twangs: Science Fun with Sound by Vicki Cobb, illustrated by Steve Haefele, The Millbrook Press, 2000.Share 0 SHARES AFTER having his case fast tracked in court earlier today, the Taoiseach Enda Kenny has been granted a restraining order against any future columns and opinion pieces by Irish Times journalist Fintan O’Toole. The restraining order comes as a result of a scathing column in which O’Toole attempted to criticise Our Dear Leader. Such was the severity of O’Toole’s ramblings, Government press secretary Feargal Purcell intervened by stamping his feet and proclaiming ‘it’s not fair’ over and over again. Representing the Taoiseach in court barrister Thomas Harrington cited severe ‘annoyance’, ’emotional distress’ and ‘mild irritation’ at O’Toole’s writing, which rubbished the idea that Ireland is the poster child for necessary and effective austerity measures. Justice Colm Boyle took less than an hour to find in favour of the Taoiseach and outlined how the restraining would work. All copies of The Irish Times containing Fintan O’Toole’s written pieces must come no closer than 100 feet of the Taoiseach in order to avoid any future hurt feelings. Mr Kenny’s own subscription to the publication must be delivered minus O’Toole’s writing, and all mentions of the journalist must be removed from the paper. Anyone drawing the Taoiseach’s attention to the existence of the writings could face a lengthy prison sentence. O’Toole for his part, was warned by Justice Boyle about his future conduct, with the judge pointing out “your words affect people and they have consequences you know, you can’t go around calling a spade a spade and expect to get away with it”. It is thought the Taoiseach’s trio of star character witnesses swayed the judge with Jean-Claude Juncker, Christine Largard and Mario Draghi all taking to the stand to express how placid, obedient and nice Mr Kenny is. Outside the court, Mr Kenny broke down in tears briefly, before saying he was glad the ordeal was over.Q: Is it possible to react to Brightcove events on Apple devices? I was trying to build a video / image slider for mobile devices and I'm using Brightcove to display my videos. Though due to limitations in the Brightcove versions I'm struggling to get my slider to work after a video has been played since I remove my overlay and Brightcove inserts an Iframe which disables pretty much all of my touch events (which are handled via hammer.js). Let me show you my code: Slider Markup: <div id="wrapper"> <div class='slide'> //Brightcove Player get's inserted here. Images are displayed via background </div> <div class='slideprevious'> </div> <div class='slidefollowing'> </div> </div> Brightcove Initialisation: var addVideo = function(){ $('.slide').append('<div id="tsVideoPlayer"></div>'); tsCreatePlayer('tsVideoPlayer', slides.eq(num).data('video-id'), 'XXXXXXXX'); if(typeof bcPlayer === 'undefined'){ $.when( //asynchronous loading of JS $.getScript( "http://admin.brightcove.com/js/BrightcoveExperiences_all.js" ), $.getScript( "/xxx/xxx/brightcove_video.js" ), $.Deferred(function( deferred ){ $( deferred.resolve ); }) ).done(function(){ addVideo(); }); } else { addVideo(); } Event Handling: function getPlayerId(data) { for (var prop in data) return prop; } var player = bcPlayer.getExperience(getPlayerId(bcPlayer.experienceObjects)).modules.videoPlayer; player.addEventListener(BCMediaEvent.PLAY, onPlayEventFired); player.addEventListener(BCMediaEvent.STOP, onStopEventFired); function onPlayEventFired() { alert("play"); } function onStopEventFired() { alert("stop"); } brightcove_video.js: http://pastebin.com/fTL5Uhqc This actually works flawlessly on my Desktop in every browser. But as soon as I test it on Apple devices it doesn't work since the Flash Object isn't loaded anymore, but instead an iFrame. A: There are two Brightcove player API versions -- the legacy Flash-only player API and the Smart Player API. You're using the former which as you've guessed by now doesn't work with HTML players. This doc on the Brightcove support site details refactoring your code from the old to the new player API. Marc Lacroix (photographer) Marc Lacroix (1927–2007) was a French photographer. Category:1927 births Category:2007 deaths Category:French photographers Category:Portrait photographers#!/usr/bin/env python # This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public # License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this # file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. # Copyright (c) 2017 Mozilla Corporation from lib.alerttask import AlertTask from mozdef_util.query_models import SearchQuery, TermMatch, PhraseMatch class AlertHTTPBruteforce(AlertTask): def main(self): self.parse_config('http_auth_bruteforce.conf', ['url']) search_query = SearchQuery(minutes=15) search_query.add_must([ TermMatch('category', 'bro'), TermMatch('source', 'notice'), PhraseMatch('details.note', 'AuthBruteforcing::HTTP_AuthBruteforcing_Attacker') ]) self.filtersManual(search_query) # Search events self.searchEventsSimple() self.walkEvents() # Set alert properties def onEvent(self, event): category = 'httperrors' tags = ['http'] severity = 'WARNING' hostname = event['_source']['hostname'] url = self.config.url # the summary of the alert is the same as the event summary = '{0} {1}'.format(hostname, event['_source']['summary']) # Create the alert object based on these properties return self.createAlertDict(summary, category, tags, [event], severity=severity,
[ 94, 187, 4718, 187, 187, 37356, 342, 13538, 26667, 16, 10483, 368, 403, 1959, 281, 5224, 436, 407, 4645, 247, 3935, 3817, 7738, 897, 281, 3343, 1919, 253, 13910, 4254, 310, 6312, 13, 390, 5010, 3148, 247, 19313, 313, 70, 15, 72, 15, 10299, 247, 4228, 1453, 3966, 2698, 535, 27270, 5740, 187, 9, 19, 10, 187, 187, 2973, 297, 2399, 31128, 641, 476, 320, 1119, 387, 5219, 27950, 367, 2804, 427, 36725, 15, 380, 1563, 310, 5907, 27, 1219, 5905, 3422, 31508, 1131, 15, 380, 5857, 310, 1246, 342, 441, 1580, 16925, 884, 13, 4267, 285, 369, 1390, 9300, 327, 10733, 1638, 13, 4072, 15, 496, 18482, 25119, 627, 403, 374, 643, 1219, 5905, 3422, 31508, 1131, 15, 743, 18389, 476, 320, 1119, 1060, 15, 1590, 27, 346, 45840, 17453, 3, 187, 16705, 27, 346, 5267, 79, 3030, 5985, 3, 187, 24658, 27, 346, 42, 452, 4307, 347, 247, 2718, 16, 3620, 2695, 16518, 323, 608, 1107, 6571, 327, 1781, 5939, 13498, 15, 309, 717, 4354, 23086, 342, 29104, 789, 285, 1089, 4266, 11485, 2820, 281, 3772, 366, 4266, 562, 273, 247, 2628, 13, 533, 355, 284, 452, 417, 2568, 17288, 15, 187, 42, 4390, 789, 387, 47684, 4611, 13, 271, 299, 14, 32248, 2567, 2714, 2182, 275, 10995, 5865, 3420, 15, 187, 3220, 1655, 7681, 6284, 403, 8781, 29693, 318, 285, 4715, 27402, 606, 285, 3599, 895, 343, 449, 187, 34972, 90, 5914, 249, 638, 42743, 49630, 12649, 12443, 249, 14, 21, 2048, 846, 14472, 12045, 23523, 4975, 275, 7600, 15, 187, 510, 1263, 6949, 1880, 1308, 5102, 5914, 249, 313, 46235, 10, 638, 42743, 812, 14368, 253, 2048, 273, 12649, 12443, 249, 14, 21, 313, 34, 30570, 21, 10, 970, 271, 275, 8427, 15550, 14472, 12045, 24031, 1566, 275, 7600, 15, 378, 44, 369, 43861, 14949, 3066, 253, 1669, 28773, 12235, 342, 20457, 8670, 323, 1458, 1054, 313, 740, 46662, 16, 5840, 16, 1222, 10, 840, 359, 5802, 24031, 323, 1384, 1054, 285, 44924, 323, 2164, 285, 8187, 288, 2975, 15, 380, 1543, 5183, 326, 253, 4275, 629, 273, 253, 3168, 2647, 12322, 2957, 273, 591, 400, 5670, 329, 30570, 21, 285, 2692, 247, 7898, 7355, 2584, 8187, 288, 273, 44924, 15, 380, 5680, 8232, 273, 3168, 2647, 369, 1027, 432, 253, 4275, 629, 273, 253, 3168, 2647, 407, 4645, 642, 2957, 273, 591, 400, 5670, 329, 30570, 21, 387, 2164, 288, 273, 44924, 533, 2581, 247, 4512, 2572, 15, 378, 44, 3012, 3777, 253, 2048, 1268, 273, 329, 30570, 21, 2601, 275, 253, 3168, 2647, 13, 533, 352, 574, 5293, 273, 436, 1055, 275, 253, 11978, 2647, 2919, 387, 8187, 288, 1501, 14, 250, 468, 12213, 15, 1707, 369, 642, 3064, 275, 329, 30570, 21, 2601, 2308, 875, 378, 44, 1387, 285, 1453, 1387, 387, 253, 767, 1840, 14, 13012, 14472, 12045, 4811, 387, 2164, 288, 846, 44924, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 253, 2544, 275, 329, 30570, 21, 2601, 5802, 407, 378, 44, 638, 42743, 497, 4755, 387, 8187, 288, 846, 44924, 13, 534, 497, 11704, 407, 247, 5141, 273, 14472, 12045, 30297, 15, 3824, 1543, 5183, 326, 253, 2048, 273, 329, 30570, 21, 2601, 846, 14472, 12045, 24031, 16, 250, 468, 12213, 369, 2919, 14, 6160, 13, 673, 14, 6820, 285, 671, 4860, 326, 253, 30320, 273, 329, 30570, 21, 2048, 5802, 407, 378, 44, 812, 320, 581, 273, 253, 1774, 5787, 6297, 275, 25258, 36691, 273, 14472, 12045, 23523, 30297, 15, 34, 4782, 1302, 556, 16290, 253, 637, 665, 4824, 562, 247, 18649, 4958, 391, 28444, 2983, 2822, 247, 37951, 275, 4693, 1390, 807, 281, 1495, 275, 5754, 15, 187, 187, 688, 3978, 13, 11128, 445, 14183, 17861, 5339, 581, 43055, 32456, 285, 16545, 2067, 2571, 275, 253, 401, 968, 12473, 4913, 2170, 273, 3729, 4693, 1223, 253, 2170, 369, 10000, 342, 43055, 39698, 6108, 3563, 7237, 24861, 1309, 253, 8797, 18465, 1770, 273, 9752, 41405, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 6794, 13, 247, 5963, 16290, 14183, 17861, 281, 247, 5927, 7652, 14, 2913, 5754, 1307, 846, 344, 369, 1119, 8106, 273, 7701, 285, 9919, 7701, 253, 2045, 1388, 15, 187, 187, 10457, 253, 2332, 13, 25710, 3735, 849, 14183, 17861, 574, 6034, 281, 2983, 247, 14172, 28765, 346, 42355, 16840, 6258, 3, 4321, 327, 3978, 1283, 533, 369, 7591, 281, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5693, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 432, 253, 29630, 2846, 273, 9858, 1648, 840, 12668, 1475, 253, 4383, 5347, 1919, 344, 11371, 327, 253, 2303, 275, 401, 968, 12473, 4913, 816, 1078, 21811, 15, 187, 187, 34, 1387, 273, 43055, 39698, 574, 13037, 1475, 8319, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 21507, 26792, 3358, 14355, 13, 665, 574, 21900, 13, 672, 14183, 17861, 12668, 521, 4958, 715, 253, 1387, 13, 9811, 14355, 15, 187, 187, 56, 4208, 265, 2183, 253, 1302, 326, 14183, 17861, 19294, 27, 346, 42, 1849, 2218, 619, 2628, 937, 1078, 1146, 7270, 285, 39848, 407, 1509, 398, 1615, 1223, 2820, 281, 8773, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1302, 13, 344, 574, 9919, 281, 2342, 2994, 1411, 253, 7260, 273, 7701, 285, 9919, 7701, 407, 15081, 326, 271, 7576, 547, 4907, 16908, 574, 2668, 521, 1659, 275, 253, 6254, 434, 7319, 1309, 253, 2983, 15, 187, 187, 6436, 13, 344, 369, 7591, 281, 2085, 271, 8813, 347, 281, 2139, 39794, 55, 20541, 2692, 760, 581, 1436, 275, 253, 1113, 15, 187, 187, 52, 489, 18402, 3987, 432, 253, 4782, 23392, 38027, 890, 6631, 753, 14183, 17861, 369, 17194, 407, 521, 346, 700, 433, 273, 16492, 3446, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 1996, 23179, 271, 10915, 87, 19163, 2926, 281, 4828, 253, 16400, 2801, 273, 1941, 13, 533, 253, 4984, 556, 13084, 779, 937, 703, 753, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1231, 452, 644, 2590, 4768, 326, 436, 369, 247, 17150, 2983, 13, 285, 344, 1364, 1024, 2454, 253, 9099, 273, 521, 5231, 449, 2598, 368, 1472, 2819, 281, 4647, 323, 5559, 14538, 273, 6307, 13, 443, 2598, 36, 13, 285, 368, 1089, 253, 2934, 273, 11412, 35, 1949, 91, 390, 690, 643, 2199, 762, 253, 30680, 35, 1949, 91, 33265, 27807, 15, 1292, 835, 513, 368, 564, 1024, 32, 1359, 513, 368, 755, 3053, 32, 831, 3389, 31901, 281, 7102, 368, 2112, 326, 1854, 15, 187, 187, 3633, 11797, 187, 187, 11778, 368, 1239, 253, 2905, 14997, 313, 10387, 253, 5701, 6177, 14566, 2218, 326, 13, 452, 368, 1239, 2905, 12209, 9319, 390, 5311, 9319, 13, 604, 667, 32, 187, 187, 6723, 253, 10296, 275, 634, 10861, 873, 32, 313, 3980, 476, 368, 2619, 598, 253, 2424, 6936, 4541, 327, 634, 1211, 14677, 187, 187, 3404, 436, 1127, 13, 604, 368, 1472, 6110, 275, 247, 1798, 2199, 840, 368, 1537, 7703, 562, 247, 31854, 327, 48674, 281, 2319, 253, 2199, 285, 3037, 625, 670, 752, 352, 36782, 15, 1723, 13, 346, 5371, 513, 309, 513, 1735, 865, 310, 417, 253, 987, 1953, 281, 320, 7004, 15, 6758, 5644, 441, 281, 27, 187, 187, 27347, 9172, 327, 48674, 187, 187, 6175, 352, 434, 2032, 326, 346, 9088, 403, 642, 21413, 3533, 995, 627, 403, 1805, 285, 7197, 5053, 281, 1642, 690, 3533, 15, 10036, 13, 30680, 35, 1949, 91, 14280, 281, 5206, 3484, 665, 8139, 476, 1089, 9172, 281, 616, 1211, 3533, 15, 1707, 403, 671, 1805, 285, 7197, 4088, 281, 1642, 15, 187, 187, 9917, 13, 1078, 368, 1642, 247, 1953, 275, 48674, 13, 452, 368, 10141, 253, 25278, 281, 923, 604, 634, 1953, 556, 2168, 644, 9577, 32, 1310, 352, 11210, 626, 644, 13, 1908, 7004, 634, 1953, 627, 604, 368, 1158, 326, 253, 7897, 664, 10641, 651, 1361, 643, 3484, 347, 973, 15, 187, 187, 8620, 3533, 313, 32045, 10, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1353, 2819, 387, 13571, 1594, 13, 533, 309, 476, 626, 18302, 352, 15, 380, 13571, 2296, 326, 253, 401, 18848, 3239, 556, 642, 401, 18848, 6409, 13, 533, 672, 309, 564, 281, 253, 3239, 309, 923, 352, 15, 380, 6409, 310, 671, 627, 672, 309, 2412, 275, 313, 42, 923, 326, 253, 8954, 67, 3239, 556, 690, 5777, 1027, 8770, 323, 24917, 275, 4212, 6844, 187, 187, 3, 53, 21315, 714, 2296, 326, 359, 878, 281, 823, 247, 346, 15227, 3, 1673, 281, 512, 7180, 13, 533, 2506, 626, 1333, 752, 253, 7180, 403, 15, 309, 1849, 1119, 7180, 327, 3239, 247, 13, 270, 13, 260, 285, 277, 15, 6272, 627, 667, 643, 4394, 326, 878, 281, 320, 3686, 494, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2374, 13571, 1503, 13, 627, 403, 767, 1896, 5482, 323, 16161, 253, 1895, 15, 309, 1158, 326, 2181, 247, 310, 253, 1805, 4500, 984, 37866, 4414, 14482, 309, 564, 6386, 342, 436, 2900, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1353, 2820, 281, 873, 598, 247, 1980, 11412, 35, 1949, 91, 4771, 13, 533, 755, 654, 2520, 2228, 13208, 733, 4453, 751, 5522, 1269, 310, 5816, 13, 533, 309, 8038, 352, 285, 1335, 755, 253, 1072, 2228, 15, 2615, 11853, 1127, 479, 275, 253, 987, 3884, 865, 187, 187, 3650, 14, 601, 14, 12311, 3533, 313, 32045, 10, 187, 187, 3, 8262, 13, 476, 11853, 3662, 619, 3533, 670, 443, 2598, 36, 865, 187, 187, 5498, 626, 1642, 281, 1642, 13, 816, 1642, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2347, 513, 309, 1265, 15979, 865, 187, 187, 2042, 436, 5474, 2506, 626, 1361, 368, 755, 3053, 13, 4496, 294, 14, 1088, 253, 1390, 2593, 15, 187, 187, 3, 7161, 476, 309, 923, 253, 2603, 2127, 865, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 253, 3686, 273, 1953, 326, 368, 943, 320, 2104, 281, 3662, 323, 4834, 407, 12203, 253, 35372, 16, 13880, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10419, 14, 17695, 2180, 310, 634, 4839, 281, 7568, 326, 368, 1472, 17194, 13, 326, 368, 1472, 2104, 281, 8415, 3237, 327, 634, 1211, 15, 1310, 16, 9453, 634, 10419, 310, 913, 336, 8337, 264, 13, 840, 273, 2282, 9022, 641, 588, 789, 342, 368, 581, 14, 251, 14, 531, 15, 187, 187, 3633, 4704, 187, 187, 4045, 625, 32110, 27, 187, 187, 11778, 368, 1119, 285, 26877, 253, 4623, 19421, 30905, 9, 84, 10, 285, 2218, 247, 5547, 1980, 12692, 32, 187, 187, 11778, 368, 3597, 18505, 247, 1643, 1355, 19775, 16, 22402, 32, 5815, 2199, 556, 697, 1211, 2173, 7680, 7997, 13, 533, 253, 5044, 24824, 310, 253, 1072, 15, 7890, 253, 2523, 40143, 281, 1089, 1633, 281, 789, 327, 13, 285, 897, 22393, 281, 11929, 20412, 15, 187, 187, 24397, 323, 634, 806, 2523, 281, 789, 327, 32, 15358, 12203, 323, 3374, 27214, 346, 24393, 1216, 995, 346, 8620, 3973, 32134, 3, 3966, 15, 187, 187, 3633, 281, 789, 187, 187, 510, 5697, 7223, 6266, 3237, 326, 3198, 281, 320, 14042, 15, 733, 434, 598, 281, 368, 281, 1705, 598, 342, 247, 2900, 285, 247, 2098, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 417, 253, 629, 835, 368, 943, 320, 7004, 323, 1361, 15, 831, 310, 253, 629, 835, 368, 921, 441, 326, 368, 2096, 253, 1895, 285, 326, 368, 452, 247, 1175, 2098, 323, 18505, 352, 15, 313, 3039, 16, 604, 368, 1472, 6777, 323, 253, 2086, 13, 840, 273, 2282, 9022, 641, 588, 320, 627, 281, 1361, 2698, 187, 187, 1231, 7052, 1804, 326, 13893, 3484, 5007, 42000, 273, 616, 18595, 281, 776, 25278, 1078, 597, 4647, 327, 253, 443, 2598, 36, 4422, 15, 19711, 27, 187, 187, 13881, 27, 187, 187, 25935, 27, 187, 187, 36, 484, 1979, 27, 187, 187, 48144, 3295, 27, 187, 187, 45, 10321, 27, 187, 187, 35, 606, 39052, 6262, 8707, 43968, 560, 187, 187, 8620, 9055, 2, 1623, 20280, 331, 87, 1348, 15, 5374, 368, 476, 1089, 24131, 257, 342, 253, 2579, 5112, 33717, 272, 323, 3522, 15, 187, 7865, 427, 1190, 1240, 390, 5007, 247, 37100, 285, 4264, 15, 380, 954, 4633, 9890, 1499, 14298, 275, 2846, 43968, 560, 310, 329, 46877, 15, 187, 7673, 840, 818, 2090, 6068, 14285, 323, 617, 15, 29355, 2, 42, 452, 642, 2934, 752, 281, 513, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1953, 27, 187, 187, 9, 66, 10, 7890, 253, 7212, 281, 3653, 253, 767, 2740, 14, 9154, 2792, 323, 436, 11662, 15, 22883, 1060, 326, 253, 11662, 11330, 253, 5261, 18145, 275, 8336, 273, 2456, 13, 594, 247, 2829, 9978, 4645, 427, 275, 4471, 1868, 273, 2456, 310, 4569, 15, 187, 187, 1713, 49875, 16, 6972, 313, 6795, 254, 1318, 10, 187, 1713, 49875, 16, 6972, 313, 9388, 1063, 1318, 10, 187, 187, 9, 67, 10, 7890, 253, 7212, 281, 3653, 253, 3275, 1268, 387, 534 ]	} }; Along with preventing cancellation/close you are free to indicate this by showing a message box suggesting use to wait until the pending operation is completed, or otherwise display a notification (e.g. flash a static control etc.) Business description (2) Colombo Liquors can be found at White Horse Pike N 540. The following is offered: Alcoholic Beverages. The entry is present with us since Sep 10, 2010 and was last updated on Nov 14, 2013. In Magnolia there are 2 other Alcoholic Beverages. An overview can be found here.name: "Patrick Robinson" twitter: "drnemski" bio: "I have worked as a systems/devops engineer for 5 years mostly on large distributed platforms. I am easily bored with repetitive work and find myself constantly trying to automate myself out of a job, but alas have not yet succeeded. I currently work at Envato, an e-commerce company specialising in creative digital media. My current technical interests are container orchestration and learning Golang and Elixir." Bradykinin preconditioning modulates aquaporin-4 expression after spinal cord ischemic injury in rats. The study investigated whether bradykinin (BK) preconditioning could regulate the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) using an in vivo transient spinal cord ischemia model in rats. BK was infused continuously via the left femoral artery with infusion pump for 15 min (10 microg/kg/min) then we induced ischemia for 20 min and reperfusion for 24 and 72 h respectively. The results demonstrated that the central part of the white matter exhibited loss of perivascular AQP4 and showed a partial recovery toward 72 h of reperfusion. The border zone of white matter was different from the central part of the white matter by showing no loss of perivascular AQP4 at 24 h of reperfusion but rather a slight increase. BK significantly reduced the expression level of AQP4 protein in the white matter, but it had none of this effect in the gray matter region at 72 h post-reperfusion. There was no difference in AQP4 protein levels between BK group and control group at the two above-mentioned spinal cord regions at 24 h after reperfusion. In addition, the changes in AQP4 protein induced by BK preconditioning were obvious at 72 h after reperfusion, which were accompanied by a reduction of spinal cord edema. Our results demonstrated that the expression of AQP4 protein after spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion was region-specific, time-dependent and also indicated that the attenuation of AQP4 expression induced by BK could be one of the important molecular mechanisms in physiopathology of spinal cord ischemic edema.A British court has sentenced the man who carried out a deadly vehicle ramming attack near a mosque in London last year to life in prison. In June, Darren Osborne killed one worshipper and wounded several others in the Finsbury Park area of North London while the area was busy with worshippers leaving late evening prayers during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. On Friday, a judge sentenced Osborne to a minimum 43-year prison term after he was found guilty of murder and attempted murder the previous day. During the trial, jurors heard how Osborne had intended to attack a march celebrating "Jerusalem Day" earlier on June 18 but was unable to. The 48-year-old from the Welsh city of Cardiff then drove around the English capital until he settled on the target in Finsbury Park just before midnight. A group of worshippers had gathered around 51-year-old grandfather Makram Ali, who had collapsed, when Osborne drove his vehicle into the group, killing Ali. Witnesses told the court that Osborne shouted: "I've done my job," before being caught and restrained by passersby while trying to escape. In court, he had attempted to defend himself against the charges of murder and attempted murder by claiming that an accomplice named Dave had taken his place in the driver's seat during the attack. However, he was unable to provide an explanation as to why CCTV footage showed only one person in the car. Sue Hemming from the British Crown Prosecution Service said Osborne was motivated by his "hatred of Muslims". "He later invented an unconvincing story to counter the overwhelming weight of evidence, but the jury has convicted him," she said. "We have been clear throughout that this was a terrorist attack, and he must now face the consequences of his actions."So you're looking to apply for Google Summer of Code, GSoC, and you find the idea of MusicBrainz or some other project under the MetaBrainz umbrella intriguing. But where do you go now? How do you get started? This document intends to guide you along that path. Get inspired Have you read the related tickets (including the comments)? Having done that, have you read related forum posts or blog posts, if any? Are the technologies in your skill set? (Or can you pick up the required skills quickly on your own?) At this point, if you're interested in a particular project then you might seek out a mentor on IRC to discuss the project and learn more about what it entails. However, "what do I do next?" is not the right question to be asking. Which leads us to: Getting answers on IRC While it's true that "there are no dumb questions", there are better and worse places to ask some questions. Again, MetaBrainz tends to choose students who … can find answers to their own questions. There are also better and worse ways to ask. Also, before you ask a question in IRC, have you checked the forums to see if your question has already been answered? If it hasn't been, consider asking your question there if you think that the answewr would help other students as well. Good questions (examples) "I'm looking at ticket X, but I can't reproduce it. The ticket says that the Frob page has no Frob button, but when I go to the page I see it. The button is also there when I log in (I see that the frob page has some slightly different behaviour for logged in users)" "Ticket Y says that we need to add a "sort" field to all tables, but doesn't say what the tables are. I've found tables on page a, b, c and d. Are there any other ones that need to be sortable?" "On ticket Z, there are two possible solutions for solving the problem. I think that thing a is the better option because ______. Should I go ahead with this solution?" "I'm trying to set up a local MusicBrainz server, but get <this error>. It looks like package x is missing, but I installed it and still get the same error. Can somebody point me in the right direction?" Not-so-good questions (examples) "Hey, can somebody answer my questions about GSoC?" Don't ask to ask, just ask. "How do I start contributing?" If this doc doesn't help you get started, please re-read the last section. "Where can I see the source code?" This is the sort of question that you should be able to answer for yourself by searching the wiki/docs. The proposal-writing period is your chance to demonstrate that you're motivated, that you're able to solve problems on your own. If/when your proposal is accepeted, then of course mentors will work with you one-on-one. Get ready Do more homework: Have you found and cloned the relevant git repo(s) and done a successful local installation? Have you tried fixing a few small bugs/issues? Each project has its own specific contribution instructions, but the basic workflow is the same. Use the issue tracker to find something to work on, and use Git to submit patches. Looking for your first issue to work on? Try searching for issues labelled "Beginner", "Good First Bug" etc. Get to work The ideas pages describe problems that needs to be solved. It's up to you to come up with a solution and a plan. This is not the part where you should be asking for help. This is the part where you show us that you understand the problem and that you have a good plan for fixing it. (When/ if you're chosen for the program, then of course mentors will be there to help.) We strongly suggest that prospective students send drafts of their proposals to our forums before they apply on the GSoC website.Age: Height: Weight: Cup size: Eye color: Languages: Bangkok escorts Cypress Good afternoon! On portal stv24.info you can find Kristen with the service French Kissing for date. Call Nylah or send a SMS and enjoy. The most popular Italian sluts in city Cypress is Ayla. More then 769 guys voted for her. Join!I have no idea what to do. The question: (a) Use the formula to determine the two break-even points for this manufacturer. Assume here that the manufacturer produces the widgets in blocks of 50, so a table setup showing N in multiples of 50 is appropriate. ____widgets/mo (smaller value) ____widgets/mo (larger value) (b) Use the formula to determine the production level at which
[ 7574, 1877, 18177, 1537, 8773, 285, 523, 312, 4024, 1327, 14, 4371, 1245, 24984, 41919, 273, 11789, 13, 3966, 537, 187, 187, 42, 651, 320, 6110, 275, 634, 2380, 281, 436, 1953, 27, 1680, 352, 253, 7574, 1877, 5700, 326, 310, 3430, 13, 390, 310, 352, 760, 3430, 984, 6380, 11369, 369, 8523, 908, 281, 16270, 253, 7574, 1877, 18177, 32, 187, 187, 42, 9101, 368, 285, 309, 3164, 1912, 626, 5194, 327, 253, 16108, 273, 253, 14072, 11789, 7574, 1877, 2199, 13, 533, 309, 717, 6110, 275, 634, 7906, 15, 187, 187, 1473, 71, 1479, 15853, 15, 2030, 394, 13, 4240, 187, 187, 4374, 13, 21473, 588, 1581, 323, 4517, 42108, 384, 90, 708, 30990, 13, 1633, 326, 253, 1794, 38846, 16, 10398, 4491, 943, 10112, 347, 13, 2556, 281, 616, 4653, 6671, 13, 436, 812, 1329, 616, 4491, 45095, 326, 443, 6329, 84, 708, 21430, 21047, 403, 4999, 15, 3944, 1358, 2700, 15, 356, 3326, 1451, 297, 782, 292, 15, 681, 16, 6961, 16, 805, 16, 783, 14, 856, 84, 14, 395, 14, 5040, 14, 1171, 14, 527, 1887, 14, 71, 28456, 15, 2974, 187, 187, 8983, 247, 22955, 187, 187, 1394, 1557, 670, 6938, 3374, 15, 1893, 513, 359, 2, 187, 187, 11212, 598, 1024, 323, 776, 1794, 14, 11151, 314, 25144, 285, 368, 1833, 755, 253, 6323, 6281, 432, 31790, 571, 8549, 4951, 281, 634, 34272, 15, 5757, 1864, 23710, 34130, 8010, 56, 1277, 9149, 46611, 428, 38465, 495, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 7015, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3597, 281, 18578, 48877, 262, 32710, 281, 1091, 281, 5427, 285, 346, 1664, 253, 1569, 3, 1309, 247, 4804, 275, 4693, 275, 2552, 533, 253, 33067, 1483, 3438, 309, 3859, 12145, 753, 344, 11372, 346, 26039, 281, 521, 1495, 3, 604, 344, 2210, 896, 15, 346, 42, 1313, 48877, 262, 32710, 275, 4693, 1475, 4260, 14, 6791, 436, 807, 285, 2546, 779, 281, 1091, 281, 5427, 281, 2454, 253, 1569, 15, 754, 753, 754, 369, 417, 11926, 670, 2219, 4724, 1411, 779, 533, 369, 10268, 247, 3988, 4322, 285, 4469, 4468, 689, 253, 4322, 281, 521, 1495, 15, 36072, 13, 309, 574, 644, 2183, 407, 271, 3565, 670, 3988, 4322, 281, 48877, 262, 32710, 937, 367, 1403, 274, 2183, 16817, 3063, 15, 187, 187, 49, 4037, 38, 27, 6398, 24517, 9753, 8308, 12683, 4530, 13560, 6897, 301, 86, 3063, 574, 5322, 3000, 323, 427, 5305, 4007, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 1157, 3981, 344, 22694, 367, 1403, 274, 434, 346, 88, 261, 3335, 285, 2793, 3446, 1284, 16386, 281, 4385, 327, 12128, 8308, 6897, 5047, 376, 32710, 434, 3908, 1309, 521, 4143, 281, 4033, 312, 8657, 326, 344, 313, 4120, 74, 10, 16382, 253, 3438, 8083, 28079, 9843, 1046, 1770, 13, 6897, 301, 86, 753, 346, 49, 1403, 274, 310, 271, 7407, 637, 285, 309, 1675, 521, 15799, 347, 247, 9843, 15, 346, 6897, 301, 86, 13, 665, 369, 1060, 281, 6780, 26751, 273, 253, 32710, 2208, 1309, 581, 807, 273, 427, 4877, 4086, 13, 671, 753, 13, 346, 49, 1403, 274, 310, 26415, 281, 253, 8825, 313, 16935, 1058, 618, 506, 2128, 70, 419, 74, 6844, 187, 187, 24650, 38336, 18469, 27, 22607, 2200, 387, 37747, 549, 250, 1032, 281, 14768, 17808, 281, 22504, 3127, 13, 933, 43813, 13, 427, 5305, 7015, 285, 3438, 28079, 8308, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 3977, 247, 31896, 281, 12128, 8308, 6897, 5047, 376, 32710, 17905, 326, 253, 12169, 2794, 8618, 6391, 5739, 281, 19590, 562, 7942, 14, 7873, 1272, 47452, 15, 380, 31896, 13, 11616, 26058, 13, 15572, 273, 253, 820, 14, 7105, 29492, 285, 253, 5396, 34073, 28750, 7115, 313, 1830, 3788, 582, 5439, 3374, 2438, 663, 1076, 253, 8618, 4491, 342, 253, 12128, 8308, 15, 346, 1147, 310, 247, 2647, 273, 16102, 4468, 326, 253, 16383, 35778, 549, 250, 1032, 273, 776, 25822, 3178, 1351, 14768, 323, 4059, 14, 1010, 8618, 12396, 3815, 310, 689, 22504, 3127, 13, 933, 43813, 13, 253, 4585, 2455, 275, 253, 2892, 273, 253, 5396, 8618, 8776, 937, 367, 1403, 274, 753, 275, 253, 6779, 1160, 281, 253, 12128, 8308, 15, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 16, 51, 1194, 1322, 40, 3027, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 3918, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 7052, 31521, 1272, 273, 346, 7385, 28954, 4542, 3, 2011, 407, 2176, 13557, 275, 6789, 327, 378, 41265, 2221, 7873, 6470, 1342, 21128, 387, 521, 12913, 846, 521, 9611, 275, 253, 6752, 4352, 14, 395, 14, 6321, 1083, 15, 346, 4553, 253, 35015, 2111, 11844, 327, 8330, 13, 627, 497, 690, 13557, 665, 3395, 25732, 445, 394, 28954, 3258, 285, 11580, 6470, 1342, 21128, 387, 521, 12913, 15, 831, 369, 26016, 15, 346, 4967, 513, 13557, 878, 281, 921, 1600, 275, 436, 313, 44, 5582, 10, 1083, 672, 253, 7829, 452, 2168, 4817, 616, 31536, 32, 187, 187, 51, 1194, 1322, 40, 3027, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 3918, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 17801, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 434, 1462, 273, 18327, 253, 500, 1942, 522, 321, 13805, 1612, 2199, 1223, 1146, 275, 23158, 342, 35655, 285, 2378, 969, 47466, 387, 253, 6387, 273, 3569, 1524, 5930, 275, 12828, 31210, 49604, 15, 308, 21489, 281, 16817, 387, 399, 522, 10424, 2822, 1060, 275, 18194, 79, 356, 19283, 3286, 13, 367, 1403, 274, 4860, 326, 512, 778, 417, 320, 973, 275, 253, 35655, 14, 2809, 400, 4673, 66, 23158, 285, 253, 618, 567, 1406, 17760, 778, 629, 4088, 15, 346, 510, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 556, 2266, 21915, 281, 253, 500, 1942, 522, 321, 13805, 1612, 2199, 2167, 352, 310, 275, 1612, 2112, 342, 253, 35655, 15, 733, 2097, 253, 5083, 670, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 434, 1524, 1462, 588, 1705, 562, 275, 1345, 3517, 15, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 7015, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 13072, 281, 4385, 327, 253, 3916, 326, 762, 10186, 1053, 12073, 5308, 309, 44147, 1157, 581, 273, 253, 4335, 10145, 275, 9725, 32111, 787, 9346, 13, 3078, 281, 23277, 15, 367, 1403, 274, 13, 665, 369, 253, 7015, 9843, 273, 12828, 31210, 49604, 275, 2393, 7901, 84, 13, 13072, 281, 4385, 672, 2546, 407, 16817, 387, 29730, 606, 23388, 670, 5012, 326, 12073, 5308, 574, 5907, 281, 23277, 15, 28351, 19950, 9651, 15605, 3532, 254, 1432, 34946, 275, 271, 4572, 281, 247, 3872, 5312, 1390, 2129, 13, 369, 15212, 347, 3981, 12073, 5308, 13, 27214, 407, 253, 1982, 347, 686, 52, 2998, 11405, 456, 11841, 31199, 382, 1383, 574, 1694, 275, 5181, 342, 779, 285, 3078, 281, 23277, 13, 533, 253, 2098, 369, 9200, 1272, 407, 253, 2208, 15, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 7015, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 5125, 326, 12828, 31210, 49604, 8672, 778, 320, 13590, 323, 247, 3569, 1524, 5930, 342, 253, 23158, 875, 35655, 285, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 1157, 326, 434, 275, 1612, 275, 253, 1375, 13, 10155, 598, 1078, 253, 4240, 32111, 35857, 22207, 15, 346, 42, 452, 644, 2183, 436, 407, 3095, 275, 253, 2208, 3139, 937, 344, 753, 15, 754, 1160, 253, 5701, 1223, 8288, 281, 18680, 275, 29730, 606, 23388, 15, 496, 253, 25911, 14, 14360, 12828, 31210, 49604, 7796, 13, 35655, 556, 17115, 2758, 13, 3307, 2159, 273, 247, 5020, 13, 1223, 4673, 66, 556, 9654, 15, 1310, 4673, 66, 10687, 84, 1329, 13, 627, 812, 320, 247, 4260, 14, 3945, 8461, 390, 427, 5305, 651, 452, 281, 1329, 253, 2208, 13, 2057, 407, 1146, 629, 273, 352, 390, 407, 8109, 352, 432, 3345, 15, 187, 187, 34, 3322, 14375, 2925, 2350, 27, 427, 5305, 4007, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 23776, 253, 3045, 273, 1876, 5427, 18410, 38466, 14, 70, 14, 1147, 442, 10178, 335, 4878, 77, 553, 257, 275, 29730, 606, 23388, 21209, 13739, 6132, 347, 816, 247, 2938, 413, 13, 285, 753, 326, 4676, 751, 329, 2894, 2894, 513, 417, 1390, 1048, 15, 346, 7834, 447, 751, 329, 2894, 2894, 513, 417, 1390, 1048, 313, 13467, 263, 595, 10, 285, 778, 320, 562, 273, 253, 313, 33979, 10, 23192, 1561, 247, 807, 390, 767, 937, 367, 1403, 274, 753, 19392, 281, 247, 7316, 327, 253, 3045, 273, 253, 8305, 491, 23388, 14, 3169, 3128, 275, 253, 35857, 22207, 2918, 1390, 1770, 15, 11474, 253, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 14, 35, 20198, 23158, 14667, 253, 35857, 2133, 13, 253, 38220, 7937, 249, 30533, 4631, 74, 14, 1070, 3128, 9856, 271, 13943, 3045, 407, 9880, 2030, 13512, 275, 697, 42358, 562, 272, 15, 187, 187, 24650, 38336, 18469, 27, 496, 253, 1708, 273, 427, 5305, 7015, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 434, 5701, 327, 16167, 273, 1110, 3569, 5621, 326, 497, 4321, 629, 273, 5759, 13, 253, 3128, 3063, 4879, 326, 2710, 46881, 452, 26708, 10066, 253, 6897, 5047, 376, 32710, 2208, 275, 13171, 327, 1027, 15530, 15, 5759, 753, 326, 1223, 253, 3420, 6057, 253, 1462, 273, 427, 4877, 17760, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 285, 14181, 8952, 26932, 327, 253, 2659, 11931, 7641, 13, 378, 30612, 13, 534, 310, 6747, 275, 427, 4877, 285, 4543, 247, 629, 273, 530, 4899, 13, 556, 8884, 326, 3738, 352, 310, 417, 10066, 281, 253, 4081, 10843, 13, 326, 1057, 417, 1599, 352, 588, 6273, 323, 352, 15, 346, 42, 1053, 626, 1158, 352, 310, 1463, 281, 4385, 327, 271, 2060, 434, 5701, 937, 5759, 28179, 3506, 8701, 248, 76, 21193, 6584, 753, 347, 344, 331, 35842, 2590, 273, 37986, 281, 367, 1403, 274, 434, 16157, 15, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 3918, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 753, 521, 3128, 588, 417, 1329, 253, 2659, 25245, 275, 697, 1246, 830, 347, 352, 1057, 417, 9796, 8570, 273, 2067, 9560, 34510, 285, 588, 6273, 1411, 352, 275, 253, 17549, 5973, 16336, 3227, 15, 346, 42, 452, 13452, 281, 247, 1180, 273, 3569, 4676, 665, 403, 10066, 281, 253, 25245, 15, 380, 2208, 778, 5152, 392, 80, 2721, 352, 275, 253, 45802, 16336, 3227, 1754, 327, 697, 5020, 275, 253, 20672, 3995, 964, 1292, 253, 5406, 588, 320, 1027, 275, 253, 17549, 5973, 16336, 3227, 15, 380, 427, 5305, 588, 6273, 1411, 253, 25245, 275, 253, 24120, 3995, 49870, 367, 1403, 274, 2183, 16817, 1060, 15, 4, 209, 19957, 228, 19780, 115, 37933, 219, 43136, 17598, 103, 11016, 212, 27804, 34609, 5959, 120, 34179, 187, 187, 31, 209, 39673, 20855, 44673, 48950, 29852, 216, 60, 20622, 42013, 880, 3614, 1358, 9198, 15, 12426, 9742, 15, 681, 16, 5430, 14, 14606, 14, 4896, 14, 783, 14, 1405, 2291, 982, 14, 1171, 14, 7585, 14, 11340, 14, 1439, 6787, 14, 1717, 520, 3121, 68, 22, 68, 2417, 69, 10, 6238, 23956, 100, 14377, 6765, 243, 13486, 226, 6238, 18957, 20855, 13499, 218, 12335, 60, 34609, 11894, 217, 7056, 111, 5494, 106, 19957, 112, 28610, 577, 15, 17, 209, 23197, 17783, 216, 14129, 118, 18148, 12363, 226, 14129, 108, 880, 2413, 1358, 20132, 422, 34870, 15, 2061, 16, 17130, 16, 1615, 16, 21, 15, 17, 21714, 7056, 111, 5494, 106, 6238, 15012, 544, 53, 1102, 395, 880, 3614, 1358, 7280, 15, 681, 16, 53, 1102, 395, 10, 4340, 187, 187, 424, 20622, 12105, 16872, 209, 41869, 21275, 39673, 24017, 5225, 24893, 11871, 240, 22701, 243, 4340, 424, 187, 187, 35321, 13610, 14129, 104, 31486, 18751, 221, 44712, 31129, 32365, 27258, 107, 16998, 121, 22044, 19957, 228, 19780, 115, 17598, 103, 11016, 212, 27804, 34609, 18140, 31486, 37373, 20281, 48950, 38242, 36359, 17321, 215, 11016, 243, 6238, 17598, 97, 20557, 97, 29918, 11016, 212, 3193, 226, 33474, 16127, 116, 27804, 34609, 38822, 223, 29427, 5225, 32004, 31949, 16877, 40658, 25538, 29427, 18434, 5494, 106, 9850, 20720, 31486, 13610, 544, 16282, 15268, 880, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 12426, 9742, 15, 681, 22549, 307, 78, 64, 6756, 30, 28672, 7, 307, 78, 64, 28672, 30, 9198, 7, 307, 78, 64, 6071, 30, 14606, 14, 22253, 14, 11340, 14, 1439, 6787, 14, 19, 2109, 10, 209, 12105, 25434, 35201, 14129, 96, 6765, 229, 37208, 12335, 20622, 40951, 11043, 242, 20287, 24370, 6765, 238, 40309, 24308, 5225, 5494, 102, 41230, 11043, 242, 20287, 5225, 4340, 187, 187, 17598, 103, 11016, 212, 27804, 34609, 20622, 9850, 11043, 242, 20287, 13610, 16998, 121, 37062, 22701, 109, 48584, 49344, 48991, 36548, 37895, 108, 14378, 224, 4340, 14274, 34609, 20326, 35201, 6238, 19957, 228, 19780, 115, 22701, 109, 5225, 17598, 103, 11016, 212 ]	fortification trait might escape and contaminate non-fortified indigenous cultivars of rice, etc.. I would be interested in your response to this question: Is it the fortification strategy that is wrong, or is it only wrong because genetic engineering was initially used to acquire the fortification trait? I suspect you and I probably won't agree on the merits of the golden rice fortification project, but I am interested in your thoughts. dafikAug. 25th, 2017 Yes, labeling will allow for trustworhty & accountability, something that the biotech/chem industry should welcome as, according to their PR teams, this could support their industry insistence that GMOs & GE agriculture are safe. http://www.agrotechnomarket.com/2016/12/the-pros-and-cons-of-indoor-farming.html Post a Comment You care about environmental issues. So do we! Sign up now for our bi-weekly newsletter and you'll get the latest stories from Ensia delivered straight to your inbox.ARTICLES ABOUT PAWAR BY DATE - PAGE 3 MUMBAI: NCP chief Sharad Pawar tried to convince Lalit Modi to return to India and "face the law" during a meeting in London in May but the fugitive former IPL boss said he faced "threat to his life" if he came back. "I met Lalit Modi in London around mid-May this year and asked him to return to India to face the law. He said He was not worried about cases filed against him but was facing a security threat and expressed concern over the threat to his life. Earlier, I had been told by an official about security threat to Lalit Modi," Pawar told reporters today. PUNE: Union Urban Development Minister Venkaiah Naidu today had nice words for NCP president Sharad Pawar , saying he respected Pawar's "wisdom and experience". Asked to comment on Prime Minister Narendra Modi's statement during his visit to Baramati that he (Modi) meets the former union Agriculture minister every month, Naidu said "Pawar is an experienced man and I respect his wisdom as a minister. " Naidu, who was here to highlight achievements of the Modi government during one year of NDA rule, also said, "Pawar is rooted to the soil (jamin ke saath jude hai)" NEW DELHI: Worried at cane arrears to farmers mounting to Rs 21,000 crore, NCP chief and former Agriculture Minister Sharad Pawar today led a delegation to Prime Minister Narendra Modi demanding that the Centre create sugar buffer stock to bail out cash-starved mills. The delegation, comprising MPs, representatives of the co-operative factories and the Indian Sugar Mills Association (ISMA), raised issues afflicting the sugar industry with the Prime Minister. "It is a matter of grave concern that the outstanding unpaid arrears of our sugarcane farmers for 2014-15 sugar seasons alone is over Rs 21,000 crore, the highest ever in the history of the Indian sugar sector," Pawar said in the representation made to the Prime Minister. MUMBAI/RATNAGIRI: NCP President Sharad Pawar today strongly disapproved of "enthusiasm" shown by certain politicians in calling on Bollywood superstar Salman Khan at his residence after his conviction in the 2002 hit-and-run case. "After the Sessions Court verdict on Wednesday, there were some politicians who became overenthusiastic and visited Salman Khan at his residence. This was undesirable. "Why do politicians need to show interest in this (Khan) case when the courts have already passed their judgement? RATNAGIRI: NCP President Sharad Pawar today questioned Shiv Sena's stand of opposing the Jaitapur atomic power project while being in alliance with BJP and once again hinted at the possibility of political realignment in Maharashtra. Talking to reporters at Dapoli near here in Ratnagiri district, Pawar indicated that all may not be well in the BJP-Shiv Sena alliance and the saffron allies may part ways. "The Shiv Sena has strong objections to the Jaitapur atomic power project though it is in power along with the BJP. It means the truth about Shiv Sena's real stand will come out in public soon. MUMBAI: NCP chief Sharad Pawar today declined to comment on the claims that underworld don Dawood Ibrahim , one of the prime accused in 1993 Mumbai blasts, wanted to surrender. Pawar, who was the chief minister of Maharashtra in early 1990s, declined to comment when asked by reporters at Aurangabad about reports that Dawood had offered to surrender. Former Delhi Police Commissioner Neeraj Kumar in an interview to a national daily last week, was quoted as saying Dawood, labelled by the US as 'Specially Designated Global Terrorist', had got in touch with him and wanted to surrender, but the plan was shelved by the government. MUMBAI: NCP chief Sharad Pawar suggested that Maharashtra politics may be heading for a political realignment with the alliance between BJP and Shiv Sena , that's in power in the state, breaking up before the 2017 Mumbai civic polls. "I have been told this by someone in the government itself," he said. He made the comments while speaking to journalists in Aurangabad. In the 288-member Maharashtra assembly, BJP has 122 members, 22 short of a majority, while Sena has 63. If Sena withdraws support, there could be a mid-term poll or NCP would have to support the government, either by being part of it or by supporting it from outside. AURANGABAD: NCP president Sharad Pawar today termed the performance of All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen in Aurangabad municipal corporation election as just a fluke, and said that parties like AIMIM do not last long. "Parties like AIMIM do not last long (electorally) and may be out of the (political) arena within a year or two," Pawar said responding to a query on the performance of the Hyderabad-based party in the civic polls held last month. Though the Shiv Sena-BJP alliance retained the civic body, the Assaduddin Owaisi-led party registered an impressive performance by winning 25 seats in its maiden outing. NEW DELHI: In the light of NCP chief Sharad Pawar's comments on unity of those political forces that were earlier part of Congress, the party today noted that various outfits have collectively opposed the Narendra Modi government in Parliament on different occasions. Congress said that while the media knows the stand of NDA allies Shiv Sena and Akali dal on the land acquisition Bill, BJD, which is neither in NDA and nor a part of UPA, has declared that although it is not opposed to the proposed legislation, that does not mean it will vote for it. "I don't think it is proper to comment on an individual's comments," Congress spokesperson Abhishek Singhvi said as he steered clear of reacting to Pawar's remarks. MUMBAI: NCP President Sharad Pawar today said his party will not support the land ordinance in its present form as it does not favour removal of several crucial clauses and will vote against it in the Rajya Sabha. "I have spoken to a number of political parties who are opposed to the ordinance. The government may bulldoze it in the Lok Sabha based on its majority in the Lower House . But the picture will be different in the Rajya Sabha. The NCP will vote against the ordinance in the Upper House ," Pawar told reporters here.# 网页消息推送通知机制 > 原文请查阅[这里](https://blog.sessionstack.com/how-javascript-works-the-mechanics-of-web-push-notifications-290176c5c55d)，略有删减，本文采用[知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可协议](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)共享，BY [Troland](https://github.com/Troland)。这是 JavaScript 工作原理的第九章。现在让我们把注意力转移到网页推送通知：我们将会查看其构造，探索发送／接收通知背后的过程以及最后分享一下我们在 [SessionStack](https://www.sessionstack.com/?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=blog&utm_content=javascript-series-push-notifications-2nd) 是如何计划利用这些功能来创建新的产品功能的。推送通知这一功能在移动端已经非常普遍。不知为何，网页端的推送
[ 15, 187, 187, 23, 537, 8916, 272, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 27, 15974, 4973, 273, 8493, 1612, 285, 387, 81, 1712, 84, 23, 94, 187, 15256, 33197, 187, 187, 9817, 512, 499, 505, 2352, 13, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 3198, 14809, 285, 8493, 42826, 281, 1612, 697, 10761, 9130, 751, 401, 1719, 2267, 15, 496, 253, 5928, 273, 7963, 15001, 285, 667, 499, 505, 44521, 14809, 16, 2350, 49, 29362, 13, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 556, 281, 6635, 14809, 10380, 15, 496, 253, 19643, 25027, 13, 253, 9436, 273, 21117, 11031, 49, 281, 7239, 40888, 323, 253, 401, 1719, 2267, 390, 7953, 37494, 7178, 3133, 281, 320, 253, 7934, 2603, 273, 14809, 323, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2498, 380, 4884, 310, 6310, 656, 264, 407, 253, 499, 505, 44521, 7239, 40888, 11725, 313, 81, 15659, 582, 534, 310, 38970, 17859, 5799, 432, 39734, 7239, 40888, 30447, 285, 310, 5183, 281, 320, 271, 1049, 280, 43040, 14, 49923, 9548, 313, 81, 15659, 28, 418, 15, 12285, 13, 427, 15, 500, 15, 2790, 1406, 708, 443, 15, 309, 15, 3044, 39, 1911, 257, 13, 27085, 941, 28, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 13210, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1671, 2498, 187, 187, 1992, 23808, 342, 690, 273, 253, 11684, 323, 27556, 1103, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 13, 253, 1963, 4415, 37050, 2108, 247, 4444, 14, 881, 8388, 433, 32747, 14, 1322, 9308, 7433, 39853, 313, 39, 10189, 1933, 1592, 433, 32747, 313, 39, 69, 10, 33825, 985, 13, 534, 2987, 275, 247, 5133, 2074, 281, 253, 1327, 14, 47377, 23744, 401, 10189, 16, 39, 69, 2718, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12730, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3571, 2498, 496, 7963, 23744, 499, 505, 2352, 13, 401, 69, 14488, 14465, 432, 7963, 2468, 309, 285, 253, 3777, 401, 69, 13, 275, 1614, 13, 310, 908, 407, 401, 10189, 281, 4711, 25617, 6663, 432, 25617, 49, 7433, 323, 253, 36858, 5880, 15, 496, 1327, 14, 47377, 23744, 499, 505, 2352, 13, 253, 8388, 433, 32747, 33825, 985, 17209, 275, 253, 8107, 3884, 15, 401, 10189, 6310, 25381, 6488, 3700, 432, 25617, 6663, 281, 401, 69, 13, 534, 840, 6993, 347, 247, 27556, 386, 323, 2710, 9969, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12730, 2498, 496, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 359, 871, 273, 387, 1878, 1264, 4295, 326, 2430, 3777, 401, 69, 27, 5541, 80, 280, 3527, 28180, 313, 42902, 34, 582, 534, 3400, 253, 13741, 20118, 5541, 80, 280, 3527, 281, 253, 444, 19, 20560, 273, 253, 6442, 41, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12971, 9259, 285, 427, 338, 54, 13, 247, 2601, 326, 3400, 247, 32973, 323, 905, 7510, 14, 52, 696, 281, 31237, 327, 1309, 905, 7510, 14, 52, 696, 7368, 9066, 28, 285, 353, 571, 35, 13, 534, 310, 3164, 3206, 275, 253, 11237, 273, 246, 11398, 323, 1049, 280, 43040, 10234, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3571, 2498, 1720, 3518, 6310, 656, 264, 407, 253, 310, 412, 445, 1238, 15666, 23744, 12807, 13, 443, 7693, 38, 313, 42, 1033, 40, 10, 285, 418, 1767, 35, 313, 42, 1033, 41, 582, 671, 2430, 3777, 401, 69, 15, 496, 958, 13, 253, 401, 10189, 16, 39, 69, 985, 556, 644, 5183, 281, 320, 247, 5164, 6488, 30201, 985, 323, 309, 1033, 41, 13, 534, 310, 253, 8351, 9548, 275, 253, 7953, 37494, 7178, 6310, 656, 272, 253, 19645, 3275, 273, 309, 4785, 285, 11085, 18137, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12730, 2498, 1707, 310, 3021, 247, 6832, 8284, 281, 6635, 3777, 401, 69, 13, 594, 835, 1057, 253, 25617, 6663, 326, 26361, 253, 14465, 281, 401, 69, 1705, 432, 32, 187, 187, 688, 6244, 253, 15482, 583, 17016, 7178, 476, 6635, 25617, 6663, 13, 533, 642, 15482, 583, 17016, 7178, 310, 5165, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 273, 475, 49, 15, 46777, 11, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2498, 8035, 2603, 273, 25617, 6663, 275, 4444, 499, 505, 2352, 310, 629, 273, 247, 499, 505, 301, 22471, 7713, 7178, 323, 253, 9436, 273, 19483, 20, 49, 281, 337, 13, 20, 14, 69, 16372, 3895, 19644, 1209, 366, 313, 18, 13, 20, 14, 9308, 7283, 10, 407, 41610, 533, 969, 436, 4500, 4620, 281, 320, 14999, 275, 1049, 280, 4488, 9346, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2498, 2058, 436, 3924, 13, 776, 1682, 5476, 323, 247, 2603, 273, 3777, 7691, 5906, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 310, 281, 22073, 247, 8107, 3884, 273, 253, 10610, 33825, 30201, 326, 24217, 8493, 1612, 432, 7963, 23744, 499, 505, 2352, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 11238, 2498, 329, 8107, 1195, 583, 17016, 16, 20, 14, 13778, 19644, 1209, 366, 313, 20, 14, 49, 7283, 10, 30201, 556, 644, 4081, 281, 3700, 1195, 583, 5124, 684, 432, 253, 48986, 281, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 275, 6431, 323, 495, 14, 49, 7283, 13, 534, 8069, 1543, 275, 253, 5978, 273, 271, 14809, 285, 25617, 6663, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 407, 253, 2250, 273, 253, 499, 505, 301, 14, 6790, 1025, 5124, 19644, 1209, 366, 11725, 3719, 285, 41610, 13, 2975, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 11238, 2498, 4129, 41610, 310, 15783, 281, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 275, 475, 53, 15, 48202, 2886, 11, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 11238, 6660, 436, 9548, 310, 417, 4518, 15783, 281, 253, 1049, 280, 4488, 9346, 273, 643, 27338, 2470, 2420, 575, 18, 1084, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 18269, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 2420, 2536, 187, 187, 42297, 13, 604, 25617, 41, 476, 320, 18528, 347, 247, 27556, 386, 323, 25617, 6663, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 273, 253, 19643, 25027, 13, 253, 1086, 274, 3364, 16499, 273, 7239, 40888, 281, 27802, 14, 40117, 342, 253, 5978, 273, 25617, 41, 432, 25617, 7433, 407, 253, 6442, 41, 2570, 6131, 247, 2442, 2603, 273, 27556, 386, 323, 253, 1963, 4415, 15, 831, 588, 13, 2299, 13, 2847, 247, 1973, 14, 484, 273, 27802, 14, 40117, 534, 812, 2701, 253, 6733, 273, 253, 401, 1719, 2267, 7178, 15, 380, 25027, 651, 840, 452, 281, 23554, 247, 5122, 281, 11399, 436, 13, 4931, 407, 15534, 27951, 253, 6714, 27802, 14, 40117, 432, 253, 1963, 4415, 15, 1310, 27802, 14, 40117, 497, 34652, 432, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 13, 352, 651, 18289, 878, 38461, 15, 743, 12994, 13, 533, 15846, 35377, 13, 10076, 651, 320, 281, 13474, 30868, 27802, 14, 40117, 281, 253, 10162, 83, 279, 13, 534, 19756, 247, 6442, 41, 281, 6635, 27802, 14, 40117, 323, 697, 308, 4280, 5880, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12971, 2498, 16912, 272, 11031, 49, 13, 22022, 352, 281, 7239, 40888, 13, 840, 22022, 253, 7239, 40888, 281, 27802, 14, 40117, 326, 369, 6294, 85, 1070, 281, 253, 10162, 83, 279, 651, 2085, 247, 2097, 281, 11322, 253, 14809, 285, 25617, 41, 23835, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 347, 973, 347, 253, 24874, 27802, 14, 40117, 19094, 275, 253, 10162, 83, 279, 13, 533, 253, 4616, 273, 27802, 14, 40117, 2439, 512, 1110, 15403, 4558, 247, 7929, 34630, 323, 436, 1501, 1427, 15, 187, 187, 53, 9518, 342, 253, 34002, 273, 253, 4444, 14, 881, 401, 10189, 16, 39, 69, 33825, 985, 275, 253, 3167, 894, 13, 697, 10171, 275, 247, 2491, 273, 9130, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 2789, 352, 271, 12994, 2854, 2303, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3571, 2498, 27692, 13, 253, 985, 310, 671, 4704, 323, 8870, 2854, 2216, 1580, 17829, 8350, 1491, 273, 253, 2060, 401, 10189, 285, 401, 69, 275, 28422, 29951, 285, 6244, 403, 2130, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1540, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 23, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 2945, 2498, 3932, 253, 401, 69, 16, 39, 10189, 33825, 985, 310, 3206, 275, 8376, 14, 446, 505, 301, 905, 7510, 14, 52, 696, 7368, 9066, 13, 697, 6349, 310, 2007, 19588, 275, 253, 16941, 273, 905, 7510, 14, 52, 696, 9959, 275, 2067, 1049, 280, 43040, 12807, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3571, 2498, 380, 5164, 8453, 273, 253, 33825, 4667, 556, 671, 644, 40101, 406, 595, 5183, 407, 253, 19125, 318, 273, 253, 5787, 5016, 273, 401, 69, 285, 401, 10189, 275, 475, 49, 15, 46777, 11, 4102, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1619, 2498, 187, 187, 24, 537, 28429, 317, 7383, 2554, 273, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 27, 440, 3385, 3485, 253, 38037, 15498, 485, 273, 253, 1963, 4415, 1712, 84, 24, 94, 187, 15256, 49915, 187, 187, 34, 2442, 1039, 281, 789, 562, 253, 2554, 273, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 1561, 253, 25027, 310, 281, 1089, 562, 752, 4566, 275, 285, 562, 273, 253, 1963, 4415, 15, 2896, 13654, 327, 253, 7394, 39160, 1532, 783, 4324, 33978, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 15403, 1532, 664, 476, 3524, 281, 755, 247, 29679, 273, 6431, 875, 253, 767, 10471, 15, 380, 806, 1049, 280, 43040, 6384, 4324, 281, 320, 3636, 497, 367, 11125, 53, 5736, 285, 367, 4786, 53, 5736, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3079, 6660, 285, 2067, 625, 6384, 4324, 452, 1024, 644, 27819, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 273, 475, 53, 15, 48202, 2886, 2992, 10775, 253, 268, 5736, 44608, 489, 42784, 2088, 53, 18, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1630, 6660, 247, 6384, 25223, 42784, 39, 1641, 41, 18, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 10768, 6660, 247, 32788, 2149, 32747, 14, 3022, 2601, 329, 2290, 89, 18, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1047, 6660, 285, 1049, 280, 43040, 2601, 28450, 4445, 42784, 53, 280, 938, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 2227, 6660, 308, 280, 1423, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1731, 3291, 285, 12658, 18, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1731, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 2251, 2498, 3900, 359, 452, 638, 585, 6991, 27367, 273, 253, 3470, 273, 42784, 2088, 53, 18, 13, 42784, 53, 280, 938, 13, 308, 280, 1423, 285, 12658, 18, 13, 253, 9503, 273, 42784, 39, 1641, 41, 18, 285, 329, 2290, 89, 18, 403, 1679, 4755, 15, 2726, 253, 6517, 273, 329, 2290, 89, 18, 13, 352, 4620, 326, 3969, 26663, 955, 671, 2226, 275, 253, 9128, 273, 475, 49, 15, 46777, 11, 285, 352, 3133, 2779, 326, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 6384, 13503, 588, 320, 10870, 313, 44, 1596, 255, 11938, 475, 292, 355, 4556, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1630, 2947, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 10768, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1047, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1610, 2498, 187, 187, 12168, 272, 6095, 323, 1049, 280, 43040, 4324, 403, 12054, 973, 7192, 323, 475, 3493, 45049, 1514, 11, 285, 475, 53, 1004, 48978, 2992, 841, 1146, 281, 954, 10649, 494, 2718, 21657, 15, 32312, 352, 369, 1869, 326, 1049, 280, 43040, 4324, 2424, 247, 49240, 427, 14, 14104, 6657, 323, 12262, 533, 367, 4786, 53, 5736, 13, 534, 19756, 247, 6657, 285, 8571, 281, 253, 8346, 1049, 280, 43040, 6384, 5611, 247, 747, 22199, 15, 16181, 37650, 1420, 17891, 1411, 253, 21885, 273, 475, 49, 15, 46777, 11, 285, 475, 53, 15, 48202, 2886, 11, 323, 2442, 1049, 280, 43040, 38461, 342, 247, 49240, 6657, 497, 8523, 3710, 281, 367, 11125, 53, 5736, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2498, 1284, 625, 6384, 4295, 403, 4950, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 4488, 9346, 273, 475, 3493, 45049, 1514, 11, 285, 475, 53, 1004, 48978, 2992, 247, 747, 1049, 280, 43040, 14, 7831, 272, 7178, 3907, 273, 271, 427, 14, 14104, 49240, 6657, 556, 13082, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1610, 2498, 496, 42784, 2088, 53, 18, 13, 42784, 39, 1641, 41, 18, 285, 329, 2290, 89, 18, 13 ]	. 6.. Powering the apicoplast: addressing sources of reducing power and atp {#s6} ========================================================================= Like all plastids, the apicoplast needs ATP and reducing equivalents to power its metabolic pathways like FASII. In the absence of photosynthesis and any plastidic ATP/ADP transporter, the apicoplast has to generate ATP somehow. In the malaria parasite, the conversion of imported PEP to pyruvate for the FASII or DOXP pathway seems to be the sole source of ATP for the apicoplast ([@RSTB20090273C56]). The reaction is catalysed by the plastidic pyruvate kinase (pPK), which is phylogenetically distinct from cytosolic pyruvate kinases and is demonstrated to be an apicoplast-resident enzyme (pPK; L. Lim, N. J. Patron & G. I. McFadden, unpublished data; [@RSTB20090273C116]; [@RSTB20090273C35]). To cope with some of the demands for reductants in the apicoplast, the organelle harbours a plant-type ferredoxin-NADP^+^ reductase (FNR)/ferredoxin (Fd) redox system, which works in a manner similar to the non-photosynthetic FNR/Fd systems ([@RSTB20090273C115]; [@RSTB20090273C63]). In photosynthetic plastids, Fd receives electrons from photosystem I and the reduced Fd, in turn, is used by FNR to produce NADPH from NADP^+^ for the Calvin cycle. In non-photosynthetic plastids, the ferredoxin redox system operates in the reverse direction. FNR catalyses electron transfer from NADPH to Fd, which then acts as a reductant for various reactions ([@RSTB20090273C115]). In the apicoplast we know of at least three components that require reduced Fd: lipoic acid synthase (LipA), which provides the potent antioxidant lipoic acid to the E2 subunit of the PDH ([@RSTB20090273C106]); and NifU, a protein that provides a scaffold for \[Fe-S\] to assemble on during \[Fe-S\] cluster synthesis; and MiaB, which is probably involved in the modification of tRNAs for apicoplast translation ([@RSTB20090273C56]; [@RSTB20090273C63]). Reactions catalysed by the isoprenoid biosynthetic enzymes, GcpE (IspG) and LytB (IspH), also require reduced Fd. In fact, the FNR/Fd system has been demonstrated to be a functional electron shuttle system for IspH, which is the terminal enzyme in the DOXP pathway catalysing the simultaneous production of IPP and DMAPP ([@RSTB20090273C115]). There is thus a substantial requirement to generate reduced Fd, so where does the NADPH that delivers the electrons to Fd come from? In plants the pentose phosphate pathway can generate NADPH, but no pentose phosphate pathway is apparent in the apicoplast of P. falciparum ([@RSTB20090273C56]). Another source of NADPH in plant plastids is part of a plastid glycolytic pathway for the conversion of GA3P to 1,3-diphosphoglycerate (1,3-DPGA) by GAPDH but again this option appears to be lacking in apicoplasts ([@RSTB20090273C56]). At this stage, our best guess for a source of reduced cofactor in the apicoplast is to invoke a reverse direction of the classic redox shuttle that exports reducing power from photosynthetic plastids ([@RSTB20090273C104]). A reverse triose phosphate/3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) shuttle has been proposed to transfer triose phosphates from the cytosol to the apicoplast in exchange for 3-PGA, which effectively results in the generation of an ATP and NADPH in the apicoplast by the action of the plastid-localized phosphoglycerate kinase II and GAPDH, respectively ([@RSTB20090273C56]; [@RSTB20090273C104]). Although GAPDH is localized to the apicoplast in T. gondii ([@RSTB20090273C104]), this enzyme is not clearly localized to the apicoplasts of other parasites ([table 1](#RSTB20090273TB1){ref-type="table"}). Alternatively, if NADH can be substituted as a reductant for NADPH in the apicoplast of the malaria parasite, the decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA with the generation of NADH from NAD^+^ by the PDH complex offers a potential source of reductant for the organelle. This will, however, cause a build-up of acetyl-CoA which could limit the efficiency of the FASII pathway. The parasite would then have to evolve a mechanism to overcome this, perhaps by extruding the excess acetyl-CoA from the organelle. If acetyl-CoA were exported from the apicoplast, it would presumably need transporters. An attractive, but purely speculative, scenario would be to export surplus acetyl-CoA to the mitochondrion, which lacks a PDH to generate acetyl-CoA for its TCA cycle ([@RSTB20090273C106]). Importing PEP, converting it to pyruvate, then converting the pyruvate to acetyl-CoA that was shuttled to the mitochondrion would provide a means to resolve the ATP and NADH deficits in the apicoplast as well as the presumed acetyl-CoA deficit in the mitochondrion, but the transport of acetyl-CoA across all those membranes remains a hurdle for this postulation. Together with the uniqueness of the plant-type FNR/Fd redox system in the host cell, its involvement in a range of pathways in the apicoplast makes it an attractive drug target ([@RSTB20090273C63]). Probably, the system is also ready for rational drug design since abundant structural information of the individual FNR and Fd in cyanobacteria and plants are available ([@RSTB20090273C64]; [@RSTB20090273C6]; [@RSTB20090273C42]). Since the Fd/FNR redox system is involved in intra-plastid \[Fe-S\] cluster synthesis, its importance is further implicated in the insertion of \[Fe-S\] clusters in several apicoplast enzymes ([@RSTB20090273C56]; [@RSTB20090273C63]). The functional significance of the redox pair has also been unequivocally demonstrated by the elucidation of the molecular interaction of Fd and FNR in P. falciparum recently ([@RSTB20090273C28]). 7.. Intracellular role of the apicoplast: unravelling the elusive permeome of the organelle {#s7} =========================================================================================== A potential way to work out the role of the apicoplast within the parasite is to find out what goes in and out of the organelle. By focusing on the gatekeepers---the proteins residing in the apicoplast membranes---we can hope to get a snapshot of exchange between the two partners. The first apicoplast membrane proteins to be identified were PfiTPT and PfoTPT ([@RSTB20090273C43]), and several more membrane proteins have now been uncovered in the apicoplast of T. gondii, namely the pPT orthologue TgAPT1 ([@RSTB20090273C27]), a membrane protease TgFtsH1 ([@RSTB20090273C111]), a thioredoxin-like protein ATrx1 ([@RSTB20090273C14]), and apicoplast protein translocation component TgTic20 ([@RSTB20090273C85]), Tic22 ([@RSTB20090273C26]) and Der1 ([@RSTB20090273C26]; [@RSTB20090273C67]). While we have preconceived notions of the functions of TgAPT1, TgTic20, Tic22 and Der1, the roles of TgFtsH1 and ATrx1 are less obvious. With the exception of ATrx1, it appears that corresponding homologues also exist in the genome of P. falciparum and it seems likely that the apicoplast membrane complement will be comparable (Karnataki et al. [@RSTB20090273C27],[@RSTB20090273C111]; [@RSTB20090273C14]; [@RSTB20090273C33]). Targeting requirements for apicoplast proteins are reasonably well understood for Plasmodium and Toxoplasma, these being to most tractable systems experimentally. Initially it was thought that apicoplast proteins required a bipartite N-terminal leader for targeting but PfoTPT, which lacks a leader and targets to the outer apicoplast membrane introduced a new paradigm. Bioinformatic searches against the genomes of P. falciparum and T. gondii for potential apicoplast transporters with a bipartite leader were initially limited to PfiTPT ([@RSTB20090273C56]). As more membrane components are revealed in the apicoplasts of Plasmodium and Toxoplasma, a new apicoplast-targeting pathway independent of an N-terminal bipartite leader has emerged ([@RSTB20090273C33]). In TgAPT1, TgFtsH1 and ATrx1,
[ 2877, 64, 881, 22193, 261, 64, 66, 313, 10975, 582, 253, 1332, 310, 64, 66, 6734, 476, 626, 1379, 7301, 8505, 15, 1359, 476, 309, 2451, 604, 619, 1318, 310, 247, 12419, 390, 417, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 18837, 320, 436, 27, 187, 338, 313, 8236, 15, 788, 64, 2877, 64, 881, 6734, 3613, 29144, 9, 10975, 1228, 187, 187, 1394, 476, 897, 29144, 6734, 281, 755, 253, 443, 2548, 273, 667, 941, 1511, 275, 4009, 66, 285, 443, 2548, 310, 752, 253, 1159, 6548, 15, 187, 3614, 1358, 16123, 15, 36957, 15, 2061, 16, 11695, 84, 16, 2838, 66, 16, 5377, 50, 4, 2347, 64, 3088, 64, 42, 64, 788, 64, 783, 64, 40, 2548, 64, 1542, 64, 17873, 15, 20, 39, 187, 3614, 1358, 35654, 15, 36957, 15, 2061, 16, 8456, 14, 3129, 487, 16, 11351, 16, 8456, 14, 3129, 487, 14, 17635, 14, 6910, 15, 2974, 4, 8456, 14, 6219, 14, 788, 14, 2877, 14, 881, 187, 688, 330, 368, 651, 3164, 897, 443, 64, 10560, 64, 35, 4985, 1843, 1539, 27, 187, 3614, 1358, 35654, 15, 36957, 15, 2061, 16, 72, 6082, 16, 11351, 16, 72, 6082, 14, 2548, 14, 21166, 15, 2974, 4, 40, 14, 10560, 14, 35, 4985, 1843, 1539, 27, 20027, 52, 535, 4241, 422, 27, 187, 33925, 2616, 1561, 285, 2190, 4980, 9187, 2784, 2718, 326, 778, 3486, 8825, 20180, 7888, 13, 4444, 14, 18227, 1257, 6355, 13, 285, 4444, 1786, 285, 18053, 15, 187, 187, 30305, 607, 27, 187, 1992, 2939, 253, 32983, 4323, 17646, 327, 6774, 19492, 13, 2067, 17340, 3602, 588, 320, 4080, 275, 33981, 375, 366, 14264, 313, 6217, 10, 285, 1327, 14, 6217, 7353, 14128, 4186, 1100, 13, 8228, 275, 4910, 342, 247, 17646, 273, 33981, 375, 366, 897, 285, 275, 4910, 835, 33981, 375, 366, 556, 417, 644, 908, 323, 253, 2469, 1264, 390, 625, 1107, 15, 380, 1673, 2216, 588, 1581, 14023, 273, 253, 4444, 16381, 275, 12940, 432, 253, 17646, 273, 253, 23420, 985, 4323, 285, 253, 4444, 16381, 407, 2718, 6355, 15, 1847, 1502, 588, 320, 1458, 457, 4618, 407, 1884, 457, 1048, 15, 1198, 9694, 6883, 33981, 375, 366, 13, 253, 23008, 9429, 588, 320, 3732, 387, 470, 15, 2759, 15841, 247, 15, 70, 15, 419, 14, 18, 275, 247, 11084, 418, 3227, 14, 18, 14097, 4644, 387, 247, 3473, 273, 15410, 465, 9387, 672, 38810, 285, 34714, 403, 387, 253, 657, 21, 1253, 55, 22, 285, 657, 22, 1253, 55, 23, 3116, 8661, 13, 2975, 15, 1847, 1502, 417, 6883, 33981, 375, 366, 588, 320, 1133, 14, 664, 16533, 28557, 1309, 253, 5675, 2952, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 247, 8790, 4636, 273, 9942, 285, 1327, 14, 6217, 4186, 1100, 273, 7353, 14128, 6244, 14777, 588, 320, 14870, 390, 417, 14870, 342, 443, 1730, 457, 84, 259, 2878, 313, 2019, 580, 487, 1434, 49068, 8541, 16520, 749, 1033, 15, 425, 1288, 1945, 16520, 481, 1893, 300, 285, 4444, 3530, 588, 320, 2668, 387, 1027, 2069, 4768, 253, 5675, 2952, 13, 285, 24610, 281, 6512, 1641, 6169, 13, 10399, 323, 23281, 285, 20180, 1783, 15, 4, 2594, 2117, 77, 16, 21592, 1641, 16, 21592, 1641, 15, 4789, 285, 2117, 77, 16, 21592, 1641, 16, 16450, 64, 21592, 1641, 15, 4789, 187, 3709, 9, 39655, 11657, 64, 5039, 339, 300, 36, 28330, 10, 187, 187, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 7858, 1539, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 41956, 187, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 41821, 64, 7858, 1539, 21890, 10, 187, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 41956, 187, 187, 338, 313, 33625, 64, 5648, 1277, 1703, 64, 18206, 4449, 4889, 7852, 12548, 10, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 33625, 64, 45468, 24420, 10, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 36, 29225, 64, 37058, 33069, 64, 30216, 64, 5626, 64, 47788, 52, 8160, 10, 187, 7271, 1082, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 33625, 64, 45468, 26194, 10, 187, 7287, 1082, 187, 187, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 47146, 64, 28389, 5479, 1372, 13272, 353, 21203, 1410, 346, 89, 2691, 64, 1540, 93, 39227, 1540, 93, 48099, 1540, 2807, 187, 50276, 338, 313, 3338, 12548, 10, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 41, 13363, 1410, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 57, 1540, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7271, 1082, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 41, 13363, 1410, 64, 57, 1540, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7287, 1082, 187, 7271, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 47146, 64, 28389, 5479, 1372, 13272, 353, 21203, 1410, 346, 1513, 5929, 93, 66, 1116, 1540, 2807, 187, 50276, 338, 5550, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 12771, 10327, 64, 24859, 1838, 64, 49, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 25, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 41, 13363, 1410, 64, 24407, 1540, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7271, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 12771, 10327, 64, 24859, 1838, 64, 49, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 21, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 41, 13363, 1410, 64, 24407, 1237, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7271, 1082, 187, 50274, 8559, 9, 42328, 346, 3902, 273, 330, 29225, 64, 12771, 10327, 64, 24859, 1838, 64, 49, 4816, 92, 36, 29225, 64, 12771, 10327, 64, 24859, 1838, 64, 49, 2311, 310, 417, 4516, 25107, 187, 50276, 7287, 1082, 187, 7271, 1082, 187, 50276, 8559, 9, 42328, 346, 3902, 273, 330, 29225, 64, 47146, 64, 28389, 5479, 1372, 4816, 92, 36, 29225, 64, 47146, 64, 28389, 5479, 1372, 2311, 310, 7202, 285, 2550, 320, 908, 281, 873, 45080, 45, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 41956, 187, 7287, 1082, 535, 187, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 1838, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 47509, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 26173, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 26173, 64, 19499, 4718, 8626, 2925, 7084, 64, 26173, 64, 14524, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 7271, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 1838, 13272, 353, 21203, 1410, 346, 2019, 606, 2807, 187, 50276, 4, 353, 21203, 1410, 594, 359, 755, 1097, 1639, 606, 285, 8217, 2019, 606, 187, 50276, 338, 9, 3338, 12548, 10, 187, 50274, 4, 502, 606, 14, 498, 310, 2716, 7852, 12548, 13, 2716, 21708, 11804, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3207, 14375, 64, 3207, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3207, 14375, 64, 3207, 64, 19499, 4718, 8626, 2925, 7084, 64, 3207, 14375, 64, 3207, 64, 14524, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7271, 1082, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 2293, 11804, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 2293, 11804, 64, 19499, 4718, 8626, 2925, 7084, 64, 2293, 11804, 64, 14524, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50274, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 1838, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 2019, 606, 2807, 187, 50272, 4, 8217, 2019, 606, 2506, 626, 452, 298, 26125, 187, 50272, 4, 5987, 1358, 35654, 15, 19934, 15, 681, 16, 37442, 16, 3211, 64, 27631, 21234, 187, 50272, 338, 9, 10311, 330, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 17037, 657, 6117, 2449, 64, 45, 5479, 495, 15, 22, 10, 187, 50270, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 7858, 1539, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 19479, 3671, 266, 262, 907, 30, 282, 518, 2807, 187, 50270, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 41821, 64, 7858, 1539, 8160, 10, 187, 50272, 7287, 1082, 187, 50274, 7287, 1082, 187, 50276, 7287, 1082, 187, 7271, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 1838, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 3338, 12548, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 19499, 4718, 8626, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 14524, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 94, 2807, 187, 7271, 1082, 187, 50276, 8559, 9, 42328, 346, 20920, 17963, 27, 7224, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 7165, 50276, 38453, 342, 642, 4284, 12201, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 41956, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 41956, 187, 7287, 1082, 187, 187, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 39032, 64, 48643, 10449, 26107, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 48643, 10449, 94, 2807, 187, 18, 15, 12276, 187, 19557, 187, 187, 29456, 21568, 1592, 311, 13, 247, 39663, 1238, 326, 556, 644, 7011, 432, 1142, 6244, 1254, 35, 18, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 19, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 20, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 21, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 5413, 556, 1142, 1774, 1786, 14, 13382, 5341, 2538, 13, 824, 347, 20118, 13, 23945, 13, 285, 3270, 14, 13901, 2538, 13, 285, 310, 1929, 281, 6379, 253, 2495, 273, 15110, 13, 1690, 18676, 13, 6769, 13, 285, 31920, 894, 15110, 1254, 35, 22, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 23, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 24, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 25, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 26, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 1656, 2884, 580, 251, 1238, 26988, 1487, 403, 1929, 281, 320, 625, 17829, 685, 616, 39663, 1238, 36401, 275, 6244, 285, 10738, 247, 3862, 2491, 273, 7534, 4712, 15, 2596, 824, 39663, 1238, 26988, 504, 13, 16288, 21568, 1592, 262, 11078, 313, 4530, 21568, 1592, 311, 495, 13, 24, 14, 7341, 3964, 23047, 504, 582, 556, 644, 2011, 281, 452, 247, 1534, 40284, 33863, 1055, 285, 20118, 3607, 275, 7497, 285, 310, 581, 273, 253, 1055, 2616, 273, 10992, 249, 4616, 275, 6244, 1254, 35, 740, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 883, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 1656, 21160, 15001, 273, 16288, 21568, 1592, 262, 11078, 310, 581, 273, 253, 749, 14, 3967, 1576, 273, 29901, 856, 4029, 1238, 26132, 15, 367, 19692, 856, 4029, 9448, 403, 247, 11117, 1387, 273, 7006, 3206, 275, 4444, 5684, 13, 8350, 1329, 13, 285, 5788, 1254, 35, 805, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 1656, 367, 19692, 856, 4029, 1238, 26132, 7866, 342, 253, 4702, 273, 253, 24278, 8898, 3527, 29901, 46677, 13, 534, 310, 275, 1614, 11516, 715, 260, 2966, 12614, 3527, 407, 29901, 46677, 35212, 12865, 511, 313, 49, 1556, 582, 253, 806, 9548, 275, 253, 29901, 856, 4029, 1238, 7178, 15, 330, 2966, 22021, 577, 14, 31810, 38578, 313, 36, 21, 41, 10, 9674, 19889, 13505, 811, 14, 68, 2966, 12614, 3527, 30721, 366, 715, 475, 81, 4842, 20313, 4175, 280, 3527, 13, 534, 310, 840, 19889, 4337, 281, 475, 81, 4842, 20313, 4175, 24592, 14, 40117, 407, 577, 14, 20313, 4175, 366, 14, 40117, 8405, 511, 313, 21, 3207, 481, 475, 81, 4842, 20313, 4175, 24592, 14, 40117, 310, 253, 20379, 323, 1142, 29901, 856, 4029, 1238, 3580, 13, 824, 347, 31431, 968, 285, 39663, 9448, 15 ]	value_type ().is_a (bool), the method is_a () can't take bool apparently. How can I check if my value is a boolean or not? A: Should be this: if (media.get_value_type () != typeof(bool)) You can use typeof () to get the GType of any data type in Vala and GType is what the function returns. https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Vala/FAQ#How_do_I_get_the_GType_for_something.3F https://developer.gnome.org/json-glib/stable/json-glib-JSON-Node.html#json-node-get-value-type In C you would probably use G_TYPE_BOOLEAN: https://developer.gnome.org/gobject/stable/gobject-Type-Information.html#G-TYPE-BOOLEAN:CAPS Objective: Compare factors within and among modern cropping systems that may impact soil microbial communities, plant-microbe interactions, and plant health and productivity. Approach: To assess the weed management legacy on subsequent crops, several agricultural parameters will be measured in glyphosate resistant (GR) and non-GR sweet corn isolines, grown in fields with a legacy of glyphosate use and in fields where glyphosate has not been used for the past three or more years. The field design will allow comparisons of the plant genotype in isolation from the legacy of the farming system management and the plant genotype by systems interactions. Plots will be 15’ wide by 30’ long. For treatments receiving glyphosate, the herbicide will be applied at 0.84 kg a.e. ha-1 in a 130 Lha-1 spray volume at a pressure of 138 kPa when soybean and maize are at the V4–V5 and V5–V6 growth stages, respectively. Plots not receiving glyphosate will be hand-weeded periodically during the growing season. In addition, a subsample of GR and non-GR isolines of sweet corn plants plots will be challenged or not challenged with Goss’s wilt (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis). Soil and plant samples will be taken at different times throughout the growing season, and shipped to Beltsville, MD for nutrient and microbial analysis.# See absl/copts/copts.py and absl/copts/generate_copts.py include(GENERATED_AbseilCopts) set(ABSL_LSAN_LINKOPTS "") set(ABSL_HAVE_LSAN OFF) set(ABSL_DEFAULT_LINKOPTS "") if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS AND MSVC) set(ABSL_BUILD_DLL TRUE) set(CMAKE_WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON) else() set(ABSL_BUILD_DLL FALSE) endif() if("${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}" MATCHES "x86_64\|amd64\|AMD64") if (MSVC) set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "${ABSL_RANDOM_HWAES_MSVC_X64_FLAGS}") else() set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "${ABSL_RANDOM_HWAES_X64_FLAGS}") endif() elseif("${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}" MATCHES "arm.\|aarch64") if ("${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P}" STREQUAL "8") set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "${ABSL_RANDOM_HWAES_ARM64_FLAGS}") elseif("${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P}" STREQUAL "4") set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "${ABSL_RANDOM_HWAES_ARM32_FLAGS}") else() message(WARNING "Value of CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P (${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P}) is not supported.") endif() else() message(WARNING "Value of CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}) is unknown and cannot be used to set ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS") set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "") endif() if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "GNU") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "${ABSL_GCC_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "${ABSL_GCC_FLAGS};${ABSL_GCC_TEST_FLAGS}") elseif("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang") # MATCHES so we get both Clang and AppleClang if(MSVC) # clang-cl is half MSVC, half LLVM set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "${ABSL_CLANG_CL_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "${ABSL_CLANG_CL_FLAGS};${ABSL_CLANG_CL_TEST_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_LINKOPTS "${ABSL_MSVC_LINKOPTS}") else() set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "${ABSL_LLVM_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "${ABSL_LLVM_FLAGS};${ABSL_LLVM_TEST_FLAGS}") if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang") # AppleClang doesn't have lsan # https://developer.apple.com/documentation/code_diagnostics if(NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.5) set(ABSL_LSAN_LINKOPTS "-fsanitize=leak") set(ABSL_HAVE_LSAN ON) endif() endif() endif() elseif("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "MSVC") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "${ABSL_MSVC_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "${ABSL_MSVC_FLAGS};${ABSL_MSVC_TEST_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_LINKOPTS "${ABSL_MSVC_LINKOPTS}") else() message(WARNING "Unknown compiler: ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}. Building with no default flags") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "") endif() set(ABSL_CXX_STANDARD "${CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD}") 1. Introduction =============== Kaempferol, a flavonoid that has been isolated from many plants \[[@B1-molecules-19-16987],[@B2-molecules-19-16987],[@B3-molecules-19-16987],[@B4-molecules-19-16987]\], has many important health-promoting effects, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects, and is known to decrease the risk of cancers, including bladder, colon, and squamous cell cancers \[[@B5-molecules-19-16987],[@B6-molecules-19-16987],[@B7-molecules-19-16987],[@B8-molecules-19-16987],[@B9-molecules-19-16987]\]. Flavonoid glycosides are known to be more abundant than their flavonoid monomers in plants and exhibit a broad range of biological activities. One such flavonoid glycoside, kaempferitrin (kaempferol 3,7-dirhamnoside), has been shown to have a significant hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant properties in humans and is one of the effect factors of auxin transport in plants \[[@B10-molecules-19-16987],[@B11-molecules-19-16987]\]. Biosynthesis of kaempferitrin is one of the sub-pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Phenylpropanoids are a diverse group of compounds involved in plant defense, structural support, and survival \[[@B12-molecules-19-16987]\]. Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis starts with the formation of the aromatic amino acid phenylalanine, which is in turn converted into cinnamic acid by phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), the first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway. Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) subsequently catalyzes trans-cinnamic acid hydroxylate into p-coumaric acid, which is then catalyzed to p-coumaroyl-CoA by 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL). p*-coumaroyl-CoA is the precursor for many phenylpropanoid products, such as lignins and flavonoids.
[ 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 1012, 3, 1269, 24539, 18, 15, 26, 1976, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 805, 3, 1269, 568, 18, 15, 26, 1976, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 883, 3, 1269, 568, 22, 15, 48054, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 740, 3, 1269, 568, 26, 15, 39840, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 26, 3, 1269, 568, 1012, 15, 44439, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 25, 3, 1269, 24539, 1012, 15, 44439, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 24, 3, 1269, 24539, 26, 15, 39840, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 23, 3, 1269, 24539, 22, 15, 48054, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 22, 3, 1269, 24539, 18, 15, 26, 1976, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 21, 3, 1269, 568, 18, 15, 26, 1976, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 20, 3, 1269, 568, 22, 15, 48054, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 19, 3, 1269, 568, 26, 15, 39840, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 18, 3, 1269, 568, 1012, 15, 44439, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 568, 1036, 15, 13482, 3, 340, 24539, 23, 15, 33304, 3, 1979, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 1138, 18, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 24539, 1036, 15, 24, 2222, 3, 340, 568, 23, 15, 22519, 3, 1979, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 1138, 1036, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 746, 15, 1762, 3, 340, 18, 24539, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 746, 15, 1762, 3, 340, 19, 24539, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 11946, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 1010, 15, 1348, 3, 340, 18, 568, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 1010, 15, 1348, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 11946, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 746, 15, 1762, 3, 340, 18, 24539, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 938, 15, 1237, 3, 340, 19, 24539, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 3, 6970, 24539, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 746, 15, 1762, 3, 340, 18, 24539, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 938, 15, 1237, 3, 340, 19, 24539, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 3, 6970, 568, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 1010, 15, 1348, 3, 340, 18, 568, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 1093, 15, 20570, 3, 340, 19, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 3, 6970, 568, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 1093, 15, 20570, 3, 340, 18, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 938, 15, 1237, 3, 340, 19, 24539, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 938, 15, 1237, 3, 340, 18, 24539, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 1093, 15, 20664, 3, 340, 19, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 1010, 15, 1348, 3, 340, 18, 568, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 1093, 15, 20664, 3, 340, 19, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 3, 6970, 24539, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 1036, 3, 340, 18, 568, 17, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 1036, 3, 340, 19, 568, 17, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 3, 3828, 568, 938, 5647, 187, 870, 10708, 31, 187, 870, 24166, 31, 187, 870, 17921, 31, 187, 29, 17921, 1416, 568, 324, 2320, 5527, 1138, 187, 29, 24166, 31, 187, 29, 10708, 1416, 568, 9151, 43, 8100, 64, 19, 8643, 64, 49, 3886, 1138, 187, 29, 10008, 31, 43996, 5332, 374, 15, 17, 2188, 367, 3886, 10154, 14, 42245, 870, 10008, 31, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 19, 15, 21, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 17, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 17, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 17, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 17, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 21, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1012, 15, 18, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 19, 15, 23, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 805, 15, 1857, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 805, 15, 1857, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 25, 15, 1671, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 21, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 19, 15, 2082, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 19, 15, 2082, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 19, 15, 2082, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 19, 15, 21, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 805, 15, 1857, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 21, 3, 340, 19, 568, 805, 15, 1857, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 49, 10690, 3, 1269, 568, 17, 3, 340, 568, 1012, 15, 23, 3, 21353, 568, 20, 15, 19, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 40, 6577, 3, 1269, 568, 17, 3, 340, 568, 24, 15, 1671, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 25, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 40, 6577, 37168, 9780, 3, 1269, 568, 21, 15, 25, 3, 340, 568, 740, 15, 1976, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 25, 3, 4000, 568, 51, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 24539, 22, 15, 2904, 3, 340, 568, 17, 3, 1979, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 3828, 568, 1099, 3, 4000, 568, 51, 2270, 31841, 7332, 28, 9536, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 340, 568, 17, 3, 1979, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 3828, 568, 1630, 3, 4000, 568, 51, 2270, 31841, 7332, 28, 22355, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 24539, 20, 15, 19044, 3, 340, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 1979, 568, 17, 15, 25, 8196, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 1138, 9151, 374, 15, 17, 16, 19, 15, 18, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 870, 10708, 31, 187, 870, 24166, 31, 187, 870, 17921, 31, 187, 29, 17921, 1416, 568, 681, 785, 15, 2284, 3, 209, 662, 568, 662, 27, 324, 3319, 15, 70, 16151, 27, 17921, 27, 3208, 14256, 23, 1138, 187, 29, 10008, 31, 29279, 48144, 19266, 870, 10008, 31, 187, 29, 24166, 31, 187, 29, 10708, 1416, 568, 21, 14, 9308, 1267, 3, 209, 662, 568, 662, 27, 324, 3319, 15, 70, 16151, 27, 8938, 3845, 27, 3208, 1508, 2950, 16, 18, 3, 12171, 64, 25016, 568, 9820, 3, 6335, 64, 4149, 568, 18, 3, 6335, 64, 9450, 595, 64, 25016, 568, 9820, 1138, 187, 29, 3610, 69, 1416, 568, 1012, 3, 1269, 24539, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 20, 3, 18747, 568, 18, 15, 1012, 3, 17713, 568, 19, 15, 2031, 3, 3828, 568, 18, 5647, 187, 29, 3610, 69, 1416, 568, 21, 3, 1269, 24539, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 20, 3, 18747 ]	" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="13" x="-1.975" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="12" x="1.975" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="11" x="5.925" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="10" x="9.875" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="9" x="13.825" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="8" x="-13.825" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="7" x="-9.875" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="6" x="-5.925" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="5" x="-1.975" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="4" x="1.975" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="3" x="5.925" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="2" x="9.875" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="1" x="13.825" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <text x="16.129" y="-6.681" size="1.27" layer="21">1</text> <text x="-16.795" y="6.335" size="1.27" layer="21">16</text> <wire x1="-19.05" y1="-8.89" x2="19.05" y2="-8.89" width="0.127" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-15.24" y1="8.89" x2="15.24" y2="8.89" width="0.127" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-19.05" y1="-8.89" x2="-20.32" y2="-6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21" curve="-90"/> <wire x1="19.05" y1="-8.89" x2="20.32" y2="-6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21" curve="90"/> <wire x1="-15.24" y1="8.89" x2="-18.034" y2="6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21" curve="90"/> <wire x1="-18.034" y1="6.35" x2="-20.32" y2="-6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21"/> <wire x1="20.32" y1="-6.35" x2="18.161" y2="6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21"/> <wire x1="15.24" y1="8.89" x2="18.161" y2="6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21" curve="-90"/> <wire x1="-16" y1="0" x2="16" y2="0" width="0" layer="20"/> </package> </packages> </library> <library name="adafruit"> <packages> <package name="DCJACK_2MM_PTH"> <description>DJ Jack 2.0mm PTH Right-Angle</description> <wire x1="4.5" y1="14.2" x2="2.4" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="-4.5" y2="0" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="0" x2="4.5" y2="3.3" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="0" x2="-4.5" y2="0" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="3.3" x2="4.5" y2="8.4" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="14.2" x2="4.5" y2="13.1" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="-4.5" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="14.2" x2="-2.6" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="4.5" y2="3.3" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="4.5" y2="3.3" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="-4.5" y2="12.45" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="12.45" x2="-4.5" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="3.3" x2="4.5" y2="8.35" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="8.35" x2="4.5" y2="8.4" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="14.2" x2="2.65" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="14.2" x2="2.65" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="2.65" y1="14.2" x2="2.4" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="14.2" x2="4.5" y2="8.35" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="12.45" x2="4.4" y2="12.45" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <pad name="PWR" x="0" y="13.6" drill="3.2"/> <pad name="GND" x="0" y="7.35" drill="2.8"/> <pad name="GNDBREAK" x="4.8" y="10.75" drill="2.8" rot="R90"/> <text x="-5.08" y="0" size="1.27" layer="25" rot="R90">>NAME</text> <text x="6.35" y="0" size="1.27" layer="27" rot="R90">>VALUE</text> <text x="-3.302" y="1.27" size="0.8128" layer="51">DC 2.0/2.1</text> </package> </packages> </library> <library name="comma.ai" urn="urn:adsk.eagle:library:562206"> <description>MobileEye connector</description> <packages> <package name="4-DPST" urn="urn:adsk.eagle:footprint:562346/1" locally_modified="yes" library_version="1" library_locally_modified="yes"> <smd name="13" x="-1.27" y="4.3" dx="1.13" dy="2.44" layer="1"/> <smd name="4" x="-1.27" y="-4.3" dx
[ 27, 1237, 13, 28581, 187, 40969, 30808, 44712, 31129, 5225, 12105, 28241, 209, 42843, 14274, 20281, 535, 187, 1012, 2405, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1237, 13, 28581, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 1610, 13, 34938, 187, 15899, 120, 6765, 106, 15899, 216, 7719, 106, 42292, 13486, 217, 36998, 535, 187, 1012, 1237, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1610, 13, 34938, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 1812, 13, 17048, 187, 5225, 37661, 230, 32938, 33499, 21458, 40693, 40951, 535, 187, 1012, 1610, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1812, 13, 17048, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 1787, 13, 17184, 187, 15899, 216, 7719, 106, 19780, 116, 29734, 5225, 37661, 230, 32938, 33499, 535, 187, 1012, 1706, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1787, 13, 46455, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 1449, 13, 22818, 187, 25276, 16877, 31486, 20281, 12335, 32313, 24412, 5225, 8990, 535, 187, 1012, 1671, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1449, 13, 22818, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3156, 13, 20373, 187, 44781, 42205, 28791, 42292, 13486, 217, 37661, 230, 32938, 535, 187, 1012, 1812, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3156, 13, 20373, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 2031, 13, 17048, 187, 25276, 16877, 20622, 42013, 24893, 27896, 44673, 43741, 20281, 12755, 236, 535, 187, 1012, 1787, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 2031, 13, 17048, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 2950, 13, 17048, 187, 37661, 230, 32938, 33499, 14129, 125, 49271, 19780, 116, 29734, 45111, 46461, 33499, 5225, 12676, 214, 48889, 535, 187, 1012, 1839, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 2950, 13, 17048, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 2504, 13, 21358, 187, 24893, 34744, 16401, 44673, 43741, 20281, 12755, 236, 18678, 14129, 125, 49271, 535, 187, 1012, 1867, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 2504, 13, 21358, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 2385, 13, 24, 2950, 187, 18434, 15957, 218, 45111, 46461, 33499, 5225, 12676, 214, 48889, 535, 187, 1012, 1449, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 2537, 13, 23360, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3583, 13, 17962, 187, 33474, 20720, 24370, 31486, 20326, 18764, 44781, 13499, 218, 43929, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 3156, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3583, 13, 17962, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3439, 13, 17048, 187, 18434, 15957, 218, 45111, 46461, 33499, 42205, 17576, 29268, 119, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 2945, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3439, 13, 42420, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3208, 13, 35466, 187, 38389, 29427, 12755, 235, 39249, 535, 187, 1012, 3079, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3011, 13, 41923, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3046, 13, 34938, 187, 9850, 10460, 101, 31486, 47961, 21991, 17492, 37661, 233, 42697, 18617, 123, 5690, 99, 535, 187, 1012, 2031, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3046, 13, 34938, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 520, 13, 25133, 187, 31486, 20281, 27804, 32004, 13610, 37661, 233, 42697, 25949, 44795, 16740, 535, 187, 1012, 1857, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 520, 13, 25133, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2941, 13, 24698, 187, 33656, 214, 12335, 990, 25396, 209, 38155, 28241, 15267, 187, 1012, 2950, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2941, 13, 24698, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1762, 13, 25848, 187, 34811, 18678, 20622, 40951, 535, 187, 1012, 2504, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3071, 13, 19196, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2922, 13, 26, 1036, 187, 25276, 16877, 20622, 29297, 12105, 27896, 25541, 211, 44006, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 2385, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2922, 13, 26, 1036, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2693, 13, 24854, 187, 12442, 267, 209, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 5225, 32378, 23371, 535, 187, 1012, 2537, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2693, 13, 26, 1731, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 805, 13, 26, 1731, 187, 35321, 13610, 31486, 48584, 49344, 14377, 17492, 27896, 47961, 10962, 114, 5225, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 15267, 187, 1012, 1235, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 805, 13, 26, 1731, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1047, 13, 30651, 187, 31486, 49218, 24370, 38242, 38242, 13258, 225, 43929, 44781, 535, 187, 1012, 3712, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1047, 13, 30651, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1036, 13, 29288, 187, 14129, 104, 20622, 40951, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 24160, 35321, 18678, 24370, 535, 187, 1012, 3583, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1166, 13, 23126, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1797, 13, 46514, 187, 27804, 32004, 7489, 9030, 209, 24553, 37373, 24553, 5225, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 15446, 102, 535, 187, 1012, 3357, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1797, 13, 46514, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1508, 13, 16198, 187, 17955, 232, 35321, 22044, 17955, 226, 12462, 232, 16740, 535, 187, 1012, 3439, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1508, 13, 42198, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1099, 13, 23126, 187, 43300, 12105, 24553, 42843, 46049, 14377, 29687, 49835, 108, 24086, 46419, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 2417, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1099, 13, 23126, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1630, 13, 28053, 187, 44126, 12755, 242, 5225, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 37661, 230, 32938, 535, 187, 1012, 3208, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1630, 13, 28053, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1717, 13, 7174, 187, 16800, 240, 10460, 102, 41873, 42205, 17576, 20326, 3812, 494, 535, 187, 1012, 3011, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1229, 13, 23126, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1237, 13, 13381, 187, 43300, 12105, 18764, 12105, 27804, 32004, 28241, 209, 37373, 24553, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 3680, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1237, 13, 13381, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1706, 13, 31699, 187, 28327, 41683, 8841, 124, 30420, 13610, 17955, 226, 12462, 232, 16740, 535, 187, 1012, 3046, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1706, 13, 30920, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1812, 13, 20270, 187, 40843, 233, 43216, 24553, 47905, 49835, 108, 14129, 99, 15899, 216, 7719, 106, 36114, 33369, 221, 5225, 29268, 119, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 1549, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1812, 13, 20270, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1787, 13, 42420, 187, 20622, 49288, 36114, 33369, 221, 29268, 119, 24017, 13610, 44126, 12755, 242, 42013, 535, 187, 1012, 3832, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1787, 13, 42420, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1867, 13, 13210, 187, 41873, 16998, 110, 20326, 3812, 494, 535, 187, 1012, 3763, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1867, 13, 24, 2950, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3156, 13, 29462, 187, 25276, 16877, 24553, 33018, 29463, 28241, 18938, 209, 17559, 217, 39249, 535, 187, 1012, 3571, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3156, 13, 46455, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2945, 13, 28703, 187, 12442, 267, 18938, 209, 17559, 217, 39249, 34671, 47750, 17492, 22985, 226, 9850, 15446, 102, 13609, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 1540, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2945, 13, 28703, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2031, 13, 34938, 187, 31607, 209, 29268, 119, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 2082, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1857, 13, 40297, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2950, 13, 35265, 187, 38389, 29427, 9850, 10460, 101, 24553, 44966, 117, 30808, 20622, 16401, 3812, 494, 535, 187, 1012, 2526, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2950, 13, 35265, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2537, 13, 22818, 187, 24553, 29297, 33018, 37661, 233, 42697, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 535, 187, 1012, 2251, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2537, 13, 22818, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3712, 13, 21345, 187, 42843, 3218, 231, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 22044, 20622, 40951, 535, 187, 1012, 2358, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3712, 13, 21345, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3357, 13, 36539, 187, 31607, 209, 29297, 44314, 24553, 535, 187, 1012, 2090, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3357, 13, 36539, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3439, 13, 44060, 187, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 22044, 44573, 31129, 36359, 24446, 27896, 29268, 119, 24017, 9850, 43929, 535, 187, 1012, 1967, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2417, 13, 13381, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3011, 13, 24, 2526, 187, 38389, 38328, 42843, 14274, 44314, 36359, 24446, 29268, 119, 24017, 9850, 43929, 535, 187, 26088, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3011, 13, 24, 2526, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3046, 13, 26, 3121, 187, 35321, 13610, 24553, 33018, 37373, 20622, 16401, 3812, 494, 209, 17955, 232, 35321, 18678, 24370, 535, 187, 1012, 3547, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 361, 13, 36539, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 2640, 13, 28053, 187, 40693, 43244, 14129, 104, 15367, 24370, 12755, 236, 24553, 23788, 17955, 232, 30420, 9850, 20720, 29440, 42697, 32378, 23371, 535, 187, 1012, 3655, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2941, 13, 42420, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 3071, 13, 19196, 187, 40843, 233, 43216, 15367, 47905, 41807, 9850, 20720, 535, 187, 1012, 3566, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 3071, 13, 19196, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 2922, 13, 35265, 187, 20622, 40951, 3812, 494, 209, 43368, 48889, 30329, 24553, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 1976, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2904, 13, 17962, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 740, 13, 30651, 187, 45111, 46461, 33499, 44126, 12755, 242, 23692, 215, 36337, 227, 535, 187, 1012, 3121, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 740, 13, 30651, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 805, 13, 18040, 187, 25276, 16877, 24553, 36361, 11894, 100, 10673, 123, 43251, 25541, 211, 44006, 535, 187, 1012, 2357, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 805, 13, 18040, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1012, 13, 42082, 187, 24086, 7249, 215, 24017, 24446, 23788, 535, 187, 1012, 3141, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1047, 13, 21358, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1010, 13, 32332, 187, 20622, 29440, 24160, 45111, 24553, 36361, 11894, 100, 535, 187, 1012, 2787, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1010, 13, 32332, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1093, 13, 36539, 187, 13610, 24553, 44966, 117, 27937, 3812, 494, 209, 16877, 22329, 37661, 233, 42697, 535, 187, 1012, 1438, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1093, 13, 13381, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 938, 13, 25358, 187, 25276, 14377, 5225, 44020, 121, 29268, 125, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 535, 187, 1012, 3593, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1797, 13, 30920, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1508, 13, 47059, 187, 29766, 29427, 24553, 33018, 6765, 238, 40309, 27896, 28241, 18938, 209, 17559, 217, 39249, 535, 187, 1012, 3507, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1508, 13, 47059, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1731, 13, 33120, 187, 14274, 43300, 33018, 44781, 38242, 27896, 47961, 10962, 114, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 3245, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1731, 13, 33120, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1717, 13, 18040, 187, 161, 96, 106, 7056, 216, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 22470, 226, 9078, 110, 18947, 101, 535, 187, 1012, 2759, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1717, 13, 43490, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1229, 13, 26, 1731, 187, 20622, 16401, 22470, 226, 9078, 110, 18947, 101, 24553, 33018, 46239, 33474, 12335, 24370, 535, 187, 1012, 2227, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1229, 13, 26, 1731, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1610, 13, 25, 1812, 187, 6765, 238, 40309, 37661, 233, 42697, 33499, 209, 29297, 12105, 20622, 42013, 24553, 23788, 38242, 22044, 5225, 20622, 16401, 535, 187, 1012, 2691, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1610, 13, 25, 1812, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1812, 13, 23126, 187, 24412, 22975, 24553, 9078, 235, 33018, 27804, 32004, 535, 187, 1012, 2597, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1812, 13, 23126, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1787, 13, 24, 2950, 187, 1374, 15, 6259, 14410, 494, 209, 17955, 241, 21734, 535, 187, 1012, 2055, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1787, 13, 26, 3121, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 3156, 13, 47059, 187, 44673, 43741, 34811, 17576, 5225, 29268, 119, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 2511, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 3156, 13, 47059, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 2945, 13, 28166, 187, 29766, 29427, 24553, 33018, 10041, 114, 12755, 232, 39465, 6765, 238, 40309, 24553, 21232, 16385, 111, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 2270, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2945, 13, 28166, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1857, 13, 44675, 187, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 22470, 226, 9078, 110, 18947, 101, 535, 187, 1012, 4739, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2504, 13, 15220, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 2385, 13, 34938, 187, 9850, 10460, 101, 24553, 47961, 21991, 17492, 37661, 233, 42697, 24553, 5225, 15446, 102, 535, 187, 1012, 4529, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2385, 13, 34938, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1235, 13, 30693, 187, 24553, 33018, 33656, 214, 12335, 535, 187, 1012, 4590, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1235, 13, 30693 ]	:32,316 值得注意的是 Metal 并不会 1331 00:48:32,316 --> 00:48:33,846 区别包含标准数据 1332 00:48:33,846 --> 00:48:36,026 的缓存器和那些 1333 00:48:36,026 --> 00:48:37,176 包含顶点的缓存器 1334 00:48:37,816 --> 00:48:40,276 所以我们会用相同的 API 1335 00:48:40,276 --> 00:48:41,386 去设置标准缓存 1336 00:48:41,386 --> 00:48:44,026 所以这里第一个请求会给 1337 00:48:44,026 --> 00:48:46,026 缓存器访问顶点着色器的权限 1338 00:48:46,026 --> 00:48:47,236 第二个请求会给出访问 1339 00:48:47,236 --> 00:48:48,746 分片着色器的权限 1340 00:48:49,286 --> 00:48:52,166 接下来我们为要去采样的 1341 00:48:52,166 --> 00:48:54,026 分片着色器设定纹理 1342 00:48:54,516 --> 00:48:56,556 然后绘图 1343 00:48:57,076 --> 00:48:59,846 一旦我们完成了编码命令 1344 00:48:59,846 --> 00:49:01,456 我们会通过在编码对象上 1345 00:49:01,456 --> 00:49:03,396 调用 endEncoding 向 Metal 1346 00:49:03,396 --> 00:49:05,376 指出这些 1347 00:49:06,196 --> 00:49:07,916 所以这就是一个简单的 1348 00:49:07,916 --> 00:49:09,406 Metal 渲染通行的例子 1349 00:49:09,926 --> 00:49:12,926 现在我们已经有了一个完整的渲染通行 1350 00:49:12,926 --> 00:49:14,696 我们再来看看怎样去 1351 00:49:14,696 --> 00:49:16,806 让这些渲染表现出来 1352 00:49:17,336 --> 00:49:21,526 通过 OpenGl 你将你的渲染帧 1353 00:49:21,526 --> 00:49:23,156 展现到屏幕上 1354 00:49:23,436 --> 00:49:25,336 但是你并没有明确地管理 1355 00:49:25,336 --> 00:49:27,996 系统的渲染缓存 1356 00:49:27,996 --> 00:49:29,006 依旧被设定为 drawable 1357 00:49:30,336 --> 00:49:32,126 但是要是通过 Metal 将你的 1358 00:49:32,126 --> 00:49:34,476 内容显示在屏幕上 1359 00:49:34,906 --> 00:49:36,186 首先你需要确认包含特殊的纹理 1360 00:49:36,186 --> 00:49:37,516 这种特殊纹理在系统里 1361 00:49:37,516 --> 00:49:39,116 被称为 drawable 1362 00:49:39,746 --> 00:49:41,676 所以你可以使用 MetalKit 视图 1363 00:49:41,816 --> 00:49:42,756 MetalKit 视图提供了每一帧中的 1364 00:49:42,756 --> 00:49:44,846 drawable 纹理 1365 00:49:45,426 --> 00:49:46,886 然后一旦你获得这个 drawable 1366 00:49:46,886 --> 00:49:49,276 你就可以编码渲染通行 1367 00:49:49,276 --> 00:49:51,226 并且渲染到这些 1368 00:49:51,226 --> 00:49:53,096 drawable 就像你 1369 00:49:53,096 --> 00:49:54,586 渲染到任意其他一个纹理一样 1370 00:49:55,126 --> 00:49:57,766 然而并不像其他纹理一样 1371 00:49:57,766 --> 00:49:59,976 现在你可以将这个 drawable 展现出来 1372 00:50:00,096 --> 00:50:02,996 那么让我来给你们展示一下代码例子 1373 00:50:03,516 --> 00:50:06,196 首先我需要说一下 1374 00:50:06,196 --> 00:50:07,886 这些 drawable 受限于你的 1375 00:50:08,166 --> 00:50:10,696 着色器系统资源 1376 00:50:10,696 --> 00:50:12,206 所以你应该尽可能简单 1377 00:50:12,206 --> 00:50:13,536 地处理他们 1378 00:50:14,236 --> 00:50:15,776 这代表着你应该 1379 00:50:15,776 --> 00:50:18,096 在你获取 drawable 以前编码 1380 00:50:18,126 --> 00:50:20,606 所有的离线渲染通行 1381 00:50:21,906 --> 00:50:23,626 之后你可以创建一个 MetalKit 视图 1382 00:50:23,626 --> 00:50:26,856 不但可以去看一个完整的 1383 00:50:26,856 --> 00:50:29,206 填充渲染通行描述符 1384 00:50:29,466 --> 00:50:30,926 这个描述符你可以直接用来 1385 00:50:30,926 --> 00:50:33,836 创建编码器就是这里你们看到的这个 1386 00:50:33,836 --> 00:50:36,336 同时你还可以通过 1387 00:50:36,336 --> 00:50:37,746 view.currentDrawable 属性 1388 00:50:37,976 --> 00:50:41,626 请求指定的纹理 1389 00:50:41,626 --> 00:50:42,706 之后你可以围绕它创建你自己的 1390 00:50:42,706 --> 00:50:45,086 渲染通行描述符 1391 00:50:47,136 --> 00:50:48,846 一旦你完成了编码你的帧 1392 00:50:48,846 --> 00:50:50,496 你可以调用 1393 00:50:50,496
[ 449, 187, 187, 3, 4045, 368, 2868, 27523, 434, 3564, 497, 12331, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 309, 513, 417, 13, 8674, 15, 1621, 309, 513, 417, 937, 35307, 434, 4318, 310, 11002, 323, 253, 806, 673, 275, 521, 6206, 15, 346, 1328, 369, 247, 7477, 34771, 15, 6707, 253, 23194, 353, 1100, 33156, 3162, 13, 8674, 15, 380, 34771, 556, 1612, 281, 7767, 253, 769, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 651, 344, 1333, 627, 369, 2717, 344, 812, 513, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 309, 812, 1056, 247, 1643, 5476, 265, 15, 754, 369, 247, 25432, 2208, 8183, 15, 380, 14254, 285, 253, 4400, 2208, 497, 715, 253, 7477, 323, 9790, 15, 1292, 604, 368, 971, 281, 871, 2712, 670, 7641, 27523, 13, 368, 1871, 1805, 1642, 779, 13, 8674, 15, 309, 1912, 626, 22830, 281, 2096, 253, 5231, 273, 247, 637, 751, 326, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 436, 4804, 2335, 1659, 846, 368, 15856, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1909, 309, 753, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 497, 642, 3356, 2444, 387, 5791, 13514, 672, 368, 2427, 281, 923, 7641, 27523, 670, 5252, 19076, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 434, 987, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 574, 2168, 1160, 634, 3061, 670, 5791, 13514, 15, 6049, 15105, 1469, 281, 923, 253, 34771, 672, 368, 497, 642, 3356, 2444, 627, 865, 187, 187, 3, 8457, 937, 35307, 2296, 38440, 285, 7808, 13, 346, 9088, 497, 1966, 4852, 387, 13841, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2042, 253, 25926, 497, 594, 2590, 387, 5791, 13514, 13, 2139, 497, 368, 253, 760, 581, 281, 15856, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 3589, 626, 15, 1707, 497, 643, 6068, 665, 15856, 15, 1583, 816, 8715, 626, 19301, 598, 347, 1199, 39866, 347, 309, 858, 15, 1583, 16092, 598, 285, 1669, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 1904, 626, 625, 15856, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 1871, 452, 281, 1642, 731, 326, 449, 187, 187, 3, 34, 2257, 273, 731, 403, 3846, 15, 1737, 434, 634, 4743, 32, 6049, 858, 952, 789, 762, 824, 2515, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42066, 449, 187, 187, 3, 3726, 2495, 264, 616, 4852, 323, 2583, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 2010, 32, 22405, 285, 247, 2238, 273, 9645, 6009, 326, 1841, 574, 281, 755, 1805, 15, 28225, 15, 2064, 434, 752, 359, 1472, 512, 6326, 281, 2868, 275, 15, 38292, 3260, 271, 18864, 795, 16534, 64, 5108, 15, 1292, 597, 13762, 3746, 352, 795, 12756, 79, 626, 4414, 2207, 326, 352, 1537, 5108, 13, 533, 417, 281, 731, 449, 187, 187, 510, 28845, 439, 2066, 868, 949, 690, 273, 253, 7211, 344, 434, 2668, 15, 187, 187, 3, 18179, 309, 755, 3095, 281, 1275, 408, 436, 1824, 865, 35307, 2296, 15, 346, 7845, 449, 187, 187, 34, 21334, 3249, 407, 342, 247, 31021, 285, 32113, 521, 5253, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1231, 2096, 432, 2045, 6206, 326, 13, 846, 368, 1669, 253, 19076, 4254, 387, 5791, 13514, 13, 627, 369, 247, 4804, 875, 4834, 285, 253, 1551, 273, 634, 3438, 10402, 449, 187, 187, 40, 23793, 434, 12607, 6863, 561, 15, 329, 10724, 9513, 13383, 275, 387, 521, 33013, 15, 346, 2773, 434, 987, 449, 3032, 2927, 892, 262, 281, 253, 6308, 835, 1780, 652, 7634, 8111, 434, 4929, 310, 7063, 15, 380, 27105, 310, 594, 4864, 13, 344, 310, 7591, 281, 923, 271, 2048, 327, 253, 1943, 637, 434, 2454, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3152, 583, 2934, 369, 352, 281, 452, 824, 247, 4804, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1053, 626, 871, 13, 4555, 15, 733, 3589, 626, 7477, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 871, 604, 581, 1798, 1436, 327, 253, 5333, 2546, 323, 352, 13, 390, 604, 597, 512, 816, 5821, 281, 352, 2366, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 858, 597, 971, 281, 2525, 342, 368, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 352, 3589, 626, 2590, 281, 479, 387, 806, 3255, 187, 187, 3, 7161, 858, 253, 4804, 1379, 1659, 865, 187, 187, 3, 3404, 253, 308, 46412, 308, 38545, 449, 418, 5244, 32113, 253, 4854, 2316, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 434, 247, 1980, 32715, 2316, 937, 253, 16782, 2296, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 434, 7824, 4181, 432, 1060, 13, 604, 368, 1472, 2819, 323, 247, 1659, 281, 755, 247, 36557, 323, 33637, 15, 28504, 1977, 432, 253, 6773, 285, 16666, 449, 3010, 22569, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 369, 253, 4096, 273, 253, 4804, 12744, 281, 368, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 309, 1904, 626, 871, 604, 795, 9328, 64, 574, 247, 2590, 2934, 273, 752, 597, 3078, 281, 2312, 670, 987, 745, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 2257, 273, 17628, 272, 285, 25917, 670, 5252, 13, 533, 326, 369, 2717, 747, 281, 479, 15, 309, 2183, 731, 604, 597, 512, 15856, 2366, 13, 1633, 651, 452, 281, 320, 2218, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 651, 1633, 452, 281, 320, 2218, 865, 187, 187, 3, 8457, 247, 2567, 342, 326, 1199, 1345, 2583, 275, 352, 651, 1705, 762, 1524, 2810, 24852, 604, 247, 7150, 273, 253, 26843, 15856, 13463, 15, 1165, 2338, 390, 3150, 13, 310, 849, 309, 5544, 352, 281, 731, 13, 625, 390, 1679, 15, 1583, 2168, 3260, 326, 8791, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 2183, 731, 597, 812, 15856, 390, 795, 20875, 64, 865, 380, 28845, 556, 247, 9861, 1007, 327, 521, 2454, 15, 346, 1276, 369, 616, 2380, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 309, 812, 923, 597, 497, 4680, 670, 752, 309, 1871, 753, 15, 1292, 309, 1904, 626, 1902, 731, 281, 1265, 4028, 562, 616, 4876, 273, 28404, 327, 616, 19422, 7232, 390, 2712, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 858, 5108, 13, 840, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 309, 369, 2970, 4704, 281, 3553, 13, 309, 1869, 253, 7827, 574, 4925, 271, 990, 672, 581, 273, 253, 6068, 13, 1780, 652, 7634, 8111, 13, 247, 1943, 5599, 13, 247, 5599, 665, 434, 3846, 1024, 15, 2596, 273, 253, 6818, 14, 17182, 15, 844, 4307, 2366, 327, 253, 1986, 27288, 24136, 4446, 449, 187, 187, 40, 23793, 14545, 275, 4260, 14, 24286, 285, 21736, 969, 715, 253, 19718, 15, 754, 4453, 1503, 400, 7634, 8111, 4951, 275, 253, 5130, 285, 9193, 2994, 16024, 598, 2774, 3441, 347, 253, 12904, 273, 253, 3541, 19486, 1582, 779, 15, 346, 2906, 652, 7634, 8111, 369, 247, 1524, 1175, 7715, 937, 344, 2296, 15, 754, 3936, 247, 5484, 273, 1824, 13, 5239, 253, 5253, 896, 327, 253, 5818, 273, 33974, 327, 253, 8597, 275, 2914, 273, 779, 15, 346, 1328, 2183, 479, 597, 574, 247, 2748, 281, 1056, 273, 479, 937, 344, 7788, 15, 187, 187, 3, 34, 2748, 449, 187, 187, 3, 21784, 8111, 753, 326, 604, 597, 4962, 19076, 13, 651, 309, 1056, 2119, 285, 2028, 253, 1533, 752, 4592, 865, 187, 187, 3, 17570, 253, 1533, 752, 4592, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 434, 987, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 752, 858, 368, 1333, 281, 326, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 2183, 731, 309, 1871, 513, 752, 309, 812, 449, 187, 187, 3, 7883, 13, 4555, 13, 369, 387, 326, 4804, 32, 1780, 652, 7634, 8111, 15, 1359, 1142, 2571, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 369, 329, 14, 11551, 15, 380, 5333, 326, 4962, 15, 2752, 1711, 5333, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 369, 253, 1072, 6818, 14, 17182, 1821, 665, 591, 1428, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 352, 651, 452, 644, 2810, 281, 253, 1072, 6068, 15, 3105, 4130, 432, 253, 5333, 651, 452, 644, 627, 15, 1292, 309, 1871, 1333, 13, 273, 253, 6818, 14, 17182, 665, 4962, 13, 627, 497, 13, 11518, 6642, 13, 15342, 390, 25279, 6068, 562, 273, 253, 6818, 14, 17182, 387, 253, 2829, 326, 1388, 275, 253, 308, 46412, 308, 38545, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2347, 513, 368, 1928, 670, 253, 2748, 1024, 32, 3166, 368, 1928, 3600, 69, 2348, 342, 247, 8294, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 8294, 865, 187, 187, 3, 53, 3485, 253, 1533, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 816, 858, 15, 795, 1394, 1472, 64, 253, 1533, 937, 35307, 2296, 281, 253, 28845, 15, 754, 2792, 387, 253, 5579, 6568, 15, 346, 2512, 434, 253, 1533, 987, 627, 15, 380, 1533, 6057, 752, 2427, 327, 387, 5791, 13514, 23194, 15, 3954, 352, 434, 253, 1533, 434, 3061, 752, 597, 971, 281, 513, 670, 352, 15, 1422, 476, 626, 3324, 253, 3846, 896, 281, 1495, 15, 309, 871, 326, 1199, 323, 2119, 449, 187, 187, 40, 23793, 21768, 690, 4866, 275, 253, 19718, 285, 4453, 689, 281, 923, 1503, 400, 7634, 8111, 6306, 598, 13, 12413, 2158, 689, 253, 19718, 285, 253, 2644, 10061, 1078, 779, 15, 754, 556, 521, 6208, 1527, 347, 2167, 344, 556, 816, 753, 1633, 285, 310, 6179, 323, 247, 12252, 15, 35307, 4453, 387, 1503, 400, 434, 3564, 285, 27833, 849, 1199, 597, 403, 36316, 15, 187, 187, 510, 28845, 4453, 8507, 4087, 387, 1503, 400, 285, 627, 310, 247, 2774, 552, 22213, 2190, 253, 3988, 17269, 15471, 275, 253, 18803, 273, 253, 2316, 15, 380, 28845, 4453, 387, 35307, 13, 347, 2167, 35307, 1537, 871, 436, 7863, 637, 6306, 689, 731, 13, 36316, 13, 521, 19933, 1701, 2454, 32052, 390, 546, 34785, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1552, 637, 434, 4929, 13, 3255, 35307, 9513, 15, 1292, 1503, 400, 556, 3531, 1475, 4541, 285, 310, 25854, 281, 253, 3369, 1078, 35307, 476, 8416, 521, 6197, 15, 187, 187, 4, 187, 187, 23062, 25808, 253, 6278, 273, 1685, 18488, 3212, 253, 6420, 10463, 273, 1608, 27497, 42379, 14628, 15, 1198, 253, 760, 673, 2455, 13, 562, 273, 253, 8307, 273, 952, 7985, 13, 703, 310, 7824, 253, 22583, 15, 380, 3216, 310, 8660, 264, 342, 2217, 8762, 417, 281, 452, 27072, 4745, 13, 285, 253, 2846, 556, 28087, 715, 13775, 15, 308, 10565, 452, 512, 644, 14662, 342, 8762, 13178, 390, 39978, 273, 28809, 6371, 15312, 1475, 253, 26429, 15, 2053, 452, 3531, 253, 10198, 715, 247, 1724, 312, 262, 528, 45548, 347, 253, 13178, 502, 1164, 285, 12774, 267, 13, 253, 6371, 39978, 14988, 253, 50159, 15, 16868, 383, 26886, 403, 37032, 285, 1488, 334, 272, 670, 11678, 342, 642, 2934, 849, 281, 26339, 8762, 14, 32916, 3216, 15, 380, 625, 389, 474, 4394, 403, 3200, 1417, 347, 604, 13831, 13, 49963, 26952, 314, 281, 247, 1708, 1501, 390, 4481, 3817, 13, 7075, 787, 3903, 272, 616, 9365, 347, 597, 3698, 253, 952, 665, 452, 24924, 314, 440, 6972, 2149, 3746, 432, 1633, 4891, 20661, 670, 275, 247, 4336, 42915, 5133, 15, 187, 187, 23062, 556, 1620, 1078, 1869, 273, 253, 3745, 281, 2940, 327, 8762, 14, 32916, 3216, 347, 247, 10861, 15, 2091, 703, 1694, 598, 436, 4131, 13, 703, 3047, 253, 8762, 285, 1160, 2119, 703, 14782, 12682, 326, 574, 247, 29134, 15, 7243, 703, 369, 670, 285, 8156, 703, 369, 417, 18492, 253, 1072, 19408, 347, 2571, 497, 13, 703, 8344, 326, 703, 574, 10904, 617, 31482, 15, 1500, 369, 3192, 4577, 5018, 285, 13654, 253, 19031, 273, 1016, 3213, 19123, 2581, 685, 896, 15, 380, 643, 4279, 310, 281, 14518, 672, 253, 33619, 44682, 13, 46851, 327, 253, 1220, 265, 273, 634, 12682, 672, 2515, 762, 8938, 403, 3340, 46903, 15, 187, 187, 510, 502, 469, 860, 2190, 253, 6692, 310, 326, 512, 32846, 21114, 15, 1292, 347, 703, 16771, 2584, 617, 6831, 13, 30680, 4948, 247, 5352, 14166, 5174, 27, 512, 32846, 476, 2940, 4354, 327, 46903, 1930, 45547, 15, 187, 187, 2993, 310, 253, 806, 281, 12666, 275, 617, 2593, 273, 253, 3906, 13, 533, 703, 310, 816, 14203, 617, 11959, 275, 253, 33703, 672, 34876, 1608, 1062, 21239, 13, 247, 9732, 432, 16091, 13, 23981, 15, 1500, 310, 15312, 275, 247, 1066, 14, 14653, 5603, 66, 15, 23177, 273, 617, 2454, 310, 6107, 407, 247, 46934, 15, 596, 781, 24082, 36861, 50075, 84, 403, 7320, 25854, 598, 617, 2273, 15326, 15, 187, 187, 23062, 31746, 715, 22569, 387, 253, 8184, 273, 617, 13, 594, 22145, 4087, 689, 69, 2079, 323, 824, 247, 11134, 5412, 15, 346, 7161, 434, 634, 43807, 14, 37, 3288, 865, 703, 2296, 15, 187, 187, 52, 489, 25612, 253, 246, 515, 5911, 25818, 7856, 432, 689, 617, 13628, 15, 346, 3220, 752, 865, 703, 2296, 13, 617, 10586, 22713, 10263, 562, 253, 1273, 3159, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 1007, 751, 368, 2210, 281, 789, 327, 247, 43807, 14, 37, 3288, 937, 30680 ]	." "Do you believe Reynolds's hands were tied?" "No I do not, sir. No I do not," Gavin's voice is rising for the first time in his testimony. "He was a mine inspector. Read the Coal Mines Regulation Act, sir. The inspector has power to enforce the act." "Why would he say there was nothing he could do?" "Well, I could make a few guesses. He was a provincial government employee. The province and the federal government were into the mine for millions. But if you want to know anything about Bill Reynolds, you'd better ask him, sir. I won't pretend to understand the actions of a man like that." "And this meeting took place after you quit." "As I said." "You were no longer working at Eastyard when you went to see Bill Reynolds about safety underground." "That's right." "You had already made your decision about Eastyard. Why bother going to see the inspector when you were no longer working there?" "Because," Gavin says calmly and slowly, "there were human lives at stake." "If the dangers were so clear at Eastyard, why were you the only one to quit?" "I wasn't. There were other guys who quit. They just hadn't kicked up as much fuss as I did. They quietly up and left." "Why didn't more quit?" "You'd have to ask them that." "A lot of them are dead. What's your opinion? Why did people work under such conditions?" "Money." "They risked their lives for money?" "What else? Money and a kind of blind faith that things had to get better. Progress. That's what we're all supposed to believe in. Everybody knew an explosion _could_ happen. But they convinced themselves it _wouldn't_. Or that it might happen, but not to them." The commissioner shuffles through some of the notes he's taken. "Could I get someone to refill this water?" Gavin says. "Please." A clerk comes by with a pitcher and fills his glass. "We understand from previous testimony that, after you left the underground operation at Eastyard, there was a meeting between yourself and the rest of your former crew." Gavin's stomach tightens. A pulse begins pushing in at his temples. "That's right." His eyes flit to the spot where Arvel Burrows's brother is sitting. The glimpse is so brief, he is unable to see an expression on the big man's face. "Whose idea was it to have such a meeting?" "I don't know, exactly. It wasn't mine. I don't know if one particular person on the shift asked for it, or if they all just agreed to it together." "Why did they want to meet with you?" "Well, it wasn't clear to me at first..." "Where did the meeting take place?" "At the Tartan Tavern." Laughter fills the hearing room. "That's a local beverage room," the chairman says. "It's walking distance from here, if you're looking for a place to get a steak for supper. Stay away from the fish and chips." More laughter. "Why was the purpose of the meeting unclear to you?" "Well, I didn't know if _they_ had a clear idea of what they wanted to talk about right off. There was a lot of griping and complaining about safety, but that was nothing new to me. I told them if they all quit together, something would have to be done." "Why would something have to be done?" "Because a company with that much public money in it would come under real close scrutiny if a quarter of the workforce quit overnight. Quit or die, is how I explained it to them, more or less. They already knew that anyway." "You told them they could quit or _die_?" The commissioner has a surprised look on his face. "What was their response?" "Well, I could see they were thinking about what I'd said. But I didn't expect them to start writing out their letters of resignation on their napkins or anything." "What did happen, then?" "Well, I was getting ready to leave, I thought the conversation had reached an end when one of the guys, Arvel Burrows, a big guy, a guy who's dead now. One of the twenty-six. We worked together on the United Mine Workers drive." Gavin stops in mid-thought and peers again into the gallery. He looks Ziv Burrows straight in the eye and feels himself tear up momentarily as the emotion of the memory overtakes him. "Arvel Burrows was a real good fellow," he says. He takes a drink of water, sets the glass back on the ring of condensation on the desk in front of him. "He told me they had a request to make of me," he continues. "A request." "Burrows said that if they died underground, would I make sure and tell the world what happened?" "Tell the world what happened." "That's right." "And what did you say to that?" "I told them I'd do what I could." "Who, exactly, was at that meeting? Arvel Burrows. How many others?" "It was A-shift. The shift that died. My old shift." "It was the same twenty-six men who perished." "Well, it would have been close to the same guys. Not everyone from the shift would have been there. But I'd say, of the twenty-six who died, there were, conservative estimate, fifteen or sixteen guys out of the twenty-six at the table that day in the Tartan Tavern." "How do you feel about the request now? Do you feel burdened with a responsibility?" "What responsibility?" "Telling the world." "I just did. _You're_ the world," Gavin says to the commissioner. He points at the TV camera. "There's the world right there. The world knows what went on at Eastyard Coal. Now it's the world's decision what they want to do about it. You can't bring the dead back to life. I know that much for sure." Gavin senses some movement in the gallery and looks over to see Ziv Burrows standing up, towering over the gallery and the whole proceedings before him. He has his mouth open as though he has just said something and is waiting for a reply. Gavin looks at Ziv's hands and notices how much they are trembling. The commissioner looks nervously at Ziv and there is a momentary stirring among the security guards positioned in the corners of the room. The commissioner looks at Gavin, as though Gavin might know this massive man standing over them, trembling, his bruised face terrified or enraged. "This man's brother,..." Gavin begins. But Ziv has turned around quickly and is halfway to the door before Gavin can finish his sentence. # Meta crosses the square of bus gates behind the south exit of Shinjuku Station. For the only time ever, out of the hundreds of people visible, she is walking the fastest. The ground is dusted with enough snow not to have melted immediately, and the city has spun into confusion. Taxis have all been fitted with snow chains or belts of reinforced wire wrapped around the tires. These have turned the streets into a calamitous racket as the chains clank and squeal, the wire belts drum the roadway. Pedestrians are slipping and writhing about everywhere with no idea how to negotiate snow-covered ground. The more comical ones are motionless as if frozen, clinging helplessly to a light post or phone box, terror blanching their faces as they watch the people who have foolishly unmoored themselves from something solid sliding about in a completely uncontrolled manner. Meta has never before thought of the ability to walk on snow-covered ground as a skill. When she got up this morning, she saw the snow and made sure she wore shoes that had a tread. Once she was about and realized she was not experiencing the same troubles as others were, she noticed that she had adjusted her stride. She was taking smaller steps and focusing the thrust of each step upward rather than back. The other secret is to slide when the sidewalk dictates, skating on the soles of your shoes when conditions underfoot are especially slippery. The cliché among the Japanese is that all Canadians ski. But as she walks toward her college, Meta forms a fresh stereotype: all Canadians can walk easily on slippery sidewalks. She is the first to arrive in her section of the office, but she is just hanging her coat in the locker when Sue Shooltz, a teacher from Tennessee, arrives. She is wrapped in a down-filled parka. Half of her face is covered by a scarf. Thick lambskin mitts are pulled halfway up her forearms. Meta bursts into laughter at the sight of her, so outrageously overdressed for such a mild cold. "Where's your Ski-Doo?" she says. Sue pulls the tasselled wool hat from over her ears. "My what?" she says, her Southern accent drawing out the second word. "You look like you came to work on a Ski-Doo," Meta
[ 342, 1594, 468, 571, 10223, 27, 187, 187, 21, 16, 22, 187, 187, 1909, 45302, 721, 24956, 265, 368, 275, 253, 3809, 14, 47417, 1533, 273, 6406, 16893, 13, 8133, 368, 327, 253, 5024, 347, 368, 21282, 949, 11306, 14998, 10198, 1475, 253, 1533, 15, 380, 2165, 38716, 13943, 15896, 285, 2250, 6430, 13, 534, 588, 1978, 368, 327, 634, 30106, 347, 368, 5492, 634, 1039, 715, 253, 4283, 1899, 15, 187, 187, 51, 4234, 3958, 327, 6109, 4095, 452, 2223, 908, 253, 4270, 14, 249, 17308, 11955, 281, 37434, 634, 9411, 15, 5488, 13, 5899, 3082, 1053, 626, 1581, 1199, 1453, 689, 38757, 390, 38953, 15, 380, 1594, 468, 571, 10223, 2544, 512, 326, 13, 6701, 281, 253, 35228, 5760, 15, 6915, 2057, 253, 36799, 10149, 390, 7370, 5181, 13229, 13, 368, 476, 37434, 285, 3693, 327, 4202, 7137, 390, 19486, 640, 634, 18062, 15, 3010, 15538, 13, 44251, 285, 38757, 310, 1160, 6927, 342, 253, 35228, 5760, 13, 1223, 253, 9215, 16020, 588, 320, 2223, 32033, 281, 9510, 634, 3885, 342, 253, 33415, 1612, 14, 484, 15, 187, 187, 37, 20787, 251, 3366, 13577, 27, 6347, 32329, 187, 187, 21333, 27, 187, 187, 52, 5, 805, 15, 1237, 187, 187, 7475, 250, 27, 187, 187, 8643, 1372, 11070, 187, 187, 30616, 2322, 342, 1594, 468, 571, 10223, 27, 187, 187, 20, 16, 22, 187, 187, 1276, 434, 352, 751, 281, 6947, 19461, 3038, 13, 269, 1946, 745, 5149, 846, 5149, 273, 29652, 2820, 281, 6909, 253, 9266, 326, 368, 1472, 15233, 32, 380, 3662, 281, 326, 1953, 476, 320, 9577, 604, 368, 1132, 12221, 32719, 3366, 13577, 27, 6347, 32329, 15, 1422, 1833, 755, 281, 6604, 3773, 432, 512, 689, 253, 1533, 275, 271, 3909, 3761, 281, 2057, 2342, 253, 9266, 13, 390, 564, 1481, 14, 251, 285, 6680, 352, 562, 281, 320, 253, 1390, 6306, 8080, 15, 187, 187, 37, 20787, 251, 3366, 13577, 310, 247, 2165, 326, 9910, 247, 2257, 273, 8692, 327, 3601, 15, 1623, 253, 7312, 6109, 4095, 13, 776, 47982, 651, 2223, 2972, 285, 35007, 776, 5231, 1223, 359, 1611, 281, 2118, 776, 8080, 342, 253, 327, 14, 14396, 5760, 15, 2726, 253, 1594, 468, 571, 10223, 13, 326, 1895, 642, 3356, 4961, 15, 380, 36799, 10149, 1024, 769, 347, 28194, 84, 281, 1347, 3158, 5231, 326, 812, 5321, 634, 1495, 15, 380, 9215, 16020, 1159, 347, 253, 2972, 285, 2983, 2250, 13, 342, 253, 1594, 6409, 1146, 253, 6923, 2250, 281, 755, 562, 273, 247, 6863, 4112, 15, 12526, 13, 436, 6505, 253, 7370, 5181, 13229, 347, 253, 4866, 5760, 13, 534, 812, 1421, 368, 281, 634, 40580, 342, 697, 39188, 5760, 15, 84, 23750, 275, 253, 2234, 273, 619, 1495, 187, 187, 28907, 314, 23728, 27, 4223, 4748, 187, 187, 1276, 1057, 352, 1599, 281, 320, 247, 3684, 11650, 4866, 45203, 13383, 323, 13163, 8460, 275, 4176, 285, 13898, 12225, 1223, 12206, 5517, 281, 253, 22680, 4797, 6409, 1066, 1966, 32853, 273, 436, 5412, 2137, 273, 3000, 32, 187, 187, 2115, 24830, 11832, 5134, 21193, 13, 9558, 285, 22531, 13, 16544, 327, 436, 47806, 522, 3450, 15, 754, 5841, 521, 16555, 27, 28436, 272, 733, 9067, 13, 6282, 273, 253, 1608, 16044, 15, 733, 369, 806, 3863, 327, 253, 322, 20323, 32241, 457, 84, 5311, 15, 187, 187, 3463, 11832, 5134, 21193, 27, 28436, 272, 733, 9067, 13, 6282, 273, 253, 1608, 16044, 187, 187, 30138, 5134, 21193, 313, 52, 20323, 32241, 13, 4410, 4033, 66, 255, 10, 187, 187, 43688, 9055, 309, 7416, 2067, 6009, 7038, 432, 11117, 7888, 323, 247, 4804, 342, 50048, 16358, 844, 7068, 313, 37, 14, 20604, 10, 275, 521, 3286, 3906, 275, 611, 999, 33892, 13, 20507, 281, 2319, 13163, 8460, 15, 380, 322, 20323, 32241, 310, 247, 629, 273, 5675, 1387, 273, 8889, 1475, 253, 2586, 9745, 247, 6009, 14, 3169, 4318, 281, 253, 13163, 8881, 13, 285, 275, 1798, 556, 644, 3939, 275, 253, 187, 187, 688, 253, 4804, 342, 50048, 844, 7068, 13, 359, 5469, 752, 352, 457, 84, 1469, 281, 1379, 281, 1524, 18260, 4993, 436, 7154, 13163, 985, 326, 556, 14320, 253, 4852, 273, 1249, 3041, 46098, 16618, 275, 436, 2586, 40790, 15, 1249, 3041, 952, 3811, 275, 253, 20586, 13, 387, 2495, 273, 1146, 15070, 7419, 432, 616, 5870, 285, 7636, 4394, 387, 667, 2774, 15, 831, 310, 247, 26312, 359, 4089, 247, 2257, 13, 533, 347, 322, 1479, 11285, 13, 752, 1057, 352, 1663, 1599, 281, 441, 32, 1359, 1057, 352, 4352, 1728, 32, 1737, 310, 776, 8294, 347, 443, 21384, 14, 21085, 952, 32, 187, 187, 43688, 352, 4352, 1728, 323, 479, 15, 187, 187, 56, 21489, 562, 273, 247, 19303, 4804, 4404, 253, 1685, 3523, 13, 309, 3543, 8489, 29874, 670, 253, 4780, 359, 1537, 320, 2104, 281, 1056, 327, 436, 2523, 275, 253, 1735, 807, 15, 1284, 309, 369, 36182, 562, 534, 1685, 281, 1379, 281, 755, 281, 25380, 7061, 13, 271, 5662, 711, 74, 637, 342, 247, 660, 43305, 90, 29970, 285, 2159, 50044, 8105, 11373, 5890, 314, 387, 479, 285, 10903, 598, 247, 7827, 275, 25150, 75, 18754, 15, 754, 6518, 479, 4677, 562, 534, 1685, 281, 755, 327, 13, 285, 840, 1694, 327, 253, 1072, 1685, 15, 187, 187, 42, 12470, 779, 281, 1790, 407, 479, 15, 844, 1160, 1355, 2312, 323, 36521, 285, 5502, 264, 281, 4383, 2378, 619, 47567, 14484, 6811, 313, 30229, 10, 25150, 75, 18754, 3589, 457, 85, 9968, 352, 667, 625, 15, 21965, 2217, 13, 344, 2183, 479, 326, 344, 574, 816, 12759, 562, 273, 12907, 15, 6201, 1087, 1701, 13, 309, 2546, 779, 752, 4592, 285, 604, 3253, 369, 8261, 15, 754, 10974, 2647, 273, 958, 314, 342, 247, 2926, 326, 3407, 342, 271, 10310, 5414, 5908, 2546, 779, 323, 5417, 581, 2360, 327, 253, 37049, 2067, 2607, 3622, 285, 7402, 342, 779, 9100, 767, 285, 247, 2716, 2607, 44099, 275, 271, 28054, 22680, 4055, 275, 6112, 15, 754, 816, 1694, 896, 1728, 1390, 2129, 15, 322, 2835, 1735, 281, 479, 13, 344, 369, 9398, 253, 1072, 5026, 4797, 14133, 326, 369, 1677, 281, 779, 275, 22680, 15, 187, 187, 8389, 1416, 310, 3052, 274, 75, 262, 21193, 13, 285, 344, 310, 247, 629, 273, 776, 3114, 15, 754, 2210, 281, 1457, 2816, 689, 1384, 1107, 3622, 285, 16544, 3962, 4383, 15, 754, 369, 5686, 285, 5439, 275, 19950, 285, 16139, 253, 3270, 14, 52, 20323, 268, 17629, 273, 12459, 285, 4457, 15, 754, 2789, 247, 3811, 407, 10156, 44221, 285, 1133, 46728, 15, 754, 310, 247, 322, 20323, 15, 754, 310, 46098, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 2546, 479, 752, 344, 943, 513, 15, 754, 753, 344, 476, 457, 85, 564, 896, 281, 5427, 13, 326, 352, 457, 84, 417, 521, 1728, 15, 844, 10062, 670, 253, 878, 323, 271, 13163, 985, 326, 25153, 253, 16457, 273, 512, 952, 285, 3400, 247, 1854, 281, 24588, 15, 309, 2183, 779, 670, 619, 789, 342, 253, 322, 20323, 32241, 13, 534, 344, 369, 9049, 670, 15, 1284, 309, 369, 2970, 745, 253, 1685, 309, 3534, 779, 619, 3120, 13, 285, 344, 753, 275, 25150, 75, 18754, 13, 773, 4041, 1388, 13, 309, 588, 1067, 368, 1425, 309, 5730, 309, 812, 452, 1677, 779, 247, 1175, 3662, 281, 521, 1953, 670, 752, 344, 943, 513, 13, 533, 436, 13163, 985, 2506, 457, 85, 452, 247, 1175, 3662, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 309, 7428, 1066, 5325, 394, 14216, 4404, 253, 305, 11180, 88, 4595, 13, 619, 2927, 6898, 342, 12330, 13, 29017, 804, 619, 8113, 285, 619, 36970, 15, 1737, 310, 1469, 281, 5108, 281, 3052, 274, 75, 262, 21193, 13, 665, 556, 30018, 3531, 281, 7665, 281, 277, 2924, 562, 521, 3075, 285, 11182, 32, 754, 369, 594, 9995, 281, 320, 773, 4924, 969, 1806, 347, 344, 1691, 352, 13, 533, 556, 642, 1039, 281, 1014, 4647, 281, 2489, 247, 4320, 14544, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 15, 754, 285, 9790, 273, 2571, 588, 4035, 3811, 275, 4709, 5734, 359, 26401, 1818, 253, 13163, 985, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 247, 3684, 11650, 2523, 15, 831, 310, 247, 25150, 75, 18754, 2523, 15, 831, 310, 271, 2448, 2523, 15, 831, 310, 247, 322, 20323, 2523, 15, 187, 187, 34, 7216, 4131, 36811, 715, 3668, 326, 8213, 15, 2752, 3392, 310, 275, 3874, 13, 806, 2181, 359, 1097, 513, 275, 253, 4131, 310, 448, 2284, 285, 8573, 15, 754, 5605, 281, 871, 665, 1912, 6926, 457, 84, 25154, 3761, 875, 6976, 285, 5854, 15, 5854, 1912, 15, 26197, 2171, 15, 187, 187, 42, 457, 78, 327, 49459, 806, 2181, 13, 14707, 281, 3630, 281, 253, 9575, 309, 816, 476, 457, 85, 755, 562, 893, 619, 1481, 15, 6975, 13, 773, 36556, 733, 496, 380, 19997, 313, 8494, 895, 582, 668, 407, 17287, 15873, 285, 36338, 15, 329, 6627, 4498, 13, 247, 9266, 1755, 24428, 465, 1079, 1487, 68, 11192, 273, 1708, 15, 831, 651, 320, 271, 512, 673, 2883, 2866, 3801, 352, 10345, 457, 85, 323, 253, 1132, 407, 1132, 7997, 281, 2746, 326, 8749, 13, 3785, 562, 326, 6152, 3120, 13, 285, 4489, 715, 24846, 457, 84, 6325, 3330, 15, 29264, 2784, 15, 187, 187, 688, 5131, 6317, 27, 3918, 6729, 8178, 661, 40688, 329, 611, 18717, 30194, 5201, 4297, 1701, 1284, 329, 773, 37261, 24489, 668, 187, 187, 1628, 2598, 752, 513, 368, 1158, 670, 253, 11723, 1895, 7721, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 1158, 512, 952, 17337, 1175, 1557, 15, 309, 1158, 359, 452, 253, 5300, 13, 285, 359, 2119, 878, 747, 2628, 8869, 13, 594, 271, 46626, 310, 1896, 15, 1292, 11723, 13, 751, 6617, 708, 14232, 13, 310, 581, 273, 1110, 3374, 326, 12957, 849, 16575, 436, 2586, 310, 275, 253, 3564, 273, 247, 1643, 17057, 15, 496, 436, 1083, 13, 6503, 4413, 13, 253, 3739, 9787, 2570, 13, 285, 1943, 815, 21401, 15, 21910, 3968, 11359, 247, 32748, 2454, 13, 533, 690, 3374, 1056, 617, 43662, 15, 27147, 310, 2614, 285, 43370, 3968, 13, 8342, 285, 2969, 1425, 187, 187, 1044, 35314, 273, 368, 452, 11575, 436, 5311, 285, 619, 22336, 83, 689, 253, 2469, 1264, 1897, 15, 2064, 14935, 479, 871, 247, 1643, 1841, 27, 187, 187, 18, 15, 3666, 74, 23114, 310, 327, 253, 6054, 28, 374, 15, 1707, 310, 271, 16400, 1600, 275, 3666, 74, 3293, 67, 2458, 285, 305, 698, 313, 45, 6920, 4490, 6901, 25138, 13, 1162, 355, 11507, 752, 359, 513, 13, 849, 359, 513, 352, 13, 285, 849, 31848, 359, 1007, 672, 359, 513, 352, 28, 495, 15, 16925, 571, 15601, 5104, 310, 247, 9968, 5024, 3666, 74, 5311, 18273, 407, 697, 10668, 28, 577, 15, 8741, 20414, 21193, 24505, 670, 436, 3114, 285, 594, 13, 617, 23114, 310, 816, 314, 327, 253, 6054, 313, 3529, 457, 84, 479, 12633, 481, 3122, 187, 475, 8283, 313, 68, 10, 4104, 3083, 13511, 76, 22711, 26165, 375, 1079, 313, 46, 4692, 17443, 22711, 15, 35, 40001, 1079, 33, 8428, 39766, 15, 681, 10, 187, 475, 187, 475, 831, 1873, 310, 629, 273, 23127, 78, 21949, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 23127, 78, 21949, 310, 1959, 3694, 28, 368, 476, 25529, 352, 285, 16, 263, 187, 475, 10007, 352, 762, 253, 2426, 273, 253, 11963, 32425, 4214, 5259, 187, 475, 4637, 347, 3863, 407, 253, 7648, 9107, 6807, 28, 2057, 187, 475, 2715, 374, 15, 18, 273, 253, 4637, 13, 390, 313, 255, 634, 4500, 10, 667, 1996, 2715, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 23127, 78, 21949, 310, 5939, 275, 253, 3524, 326, 352, 588, 320, 4217, 13, 187, 475, 533, 15002, 9103, 23181, 28, 1293, 1014, 253, 10466, 17529, 273, 187, 475, 20863, 390, 20524, 6651, 329, 20383, 20103, 15, 50276, 5035, 253, 11963, 187, 475, 32425, 4214, 5259, 4637, 323, 625, 4278, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1422, 943, 452, 2959, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 11963, 32425, 4214, 5259, 187, 475, 4637, 2112, 342, 23127, 78, 21949, 28, 604, 417, 13, 3630, 281, 253, 7648, 9107, 187, 475, 6807, 13, 3690, 904, 8319, 17179, 5720, 13, 17538, 32370, 13, 9693, 13, 6908, 470, 49352, 14, 39677, 5106, 187, 1738, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 4658, 580, 29786, 16, 29035, 25, 69, 1033, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 4658, 580, 8906, 16, 78, 2824, 16, 27256, 64, 12432, 2921, 64, 983, 66, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 29035, 25, 69, 1033, 64, 78, 2824, 15, 73 ]	with Xperia Play: 4/5 Asphalt 6 immerses you in the fast-paced world of street racing, putting you on the edge as you zoom through heavily packed streets around the world. The game boasts impressive graphics and action sequences, which will keep you on your toes as you race your way into the leading position. Racing games on mobile devices have often used the built-in accelerometer to steer your vehicles. Furthermore, traditional methods don't allow much control over accelerating or braking. The Xperia Play changes all that, thanks to the PlayStation controls. Using either the directional keys or analog touch pad, you can steer and avoid oncoming traffic or overtake your opponents. More importantly, drifting and accelerating is made easier with the PlayStation controls, while the shoulder buttons will be often tapped to boost your speed with the nitro power-up. Dungeon Defenders: Second Wave Price: S$12.32 Genre: MMORPG Compatibility with Xperia Play: 3/5 What's it like to spend endless hours, fending off wave after wave of monsters trying to destroy the crystal that you're protecting? The answer to that question can be answered if you play Dungeon Defenders: Second Wave. You'll get to join players from all over the world in an online match to either defend the crystal, or go head-on and battle it out to be the last standing hero. Dungeon Defenders is a game that houses a lot of info on screen. On the usual mobile devices, our thumbs would often block and hinder our actions while we try to move our hero with the on-screen controls. With the Xperia Play, that problem no longer exists. The directional keys now act as shortcuts to perform quick actions that could save your life. The shoulder buttons function as the block and attack action, with the X button being the jump action to get out of a tight situation. Unfortunately, this leaves the analog touch pad as the movement controls, which could lead you to your demise with its insensitive controls.songs in the key of my life Monthly Archives: August 2009 What does it mean to be a South Asian movement organizer pushing for immigration reform in suit and tie meetings while bearing witness to the detention blue button down human casualties of this cold war of words? Comrade Sonny Singh, artist and activist, speaks on this juxtaposition. He calls his essay: Bringing It Home, Out of the Shadows. It was first published on the Sikh Coalition’s blog. By Sonny Singh: Bringing It Home, Out of the Shadows Sonny Singh (Sikh Coalition, Red Baraat) Yesterday afternoon I joined several faith leaders from diverse communities for a meeting with Congressman Anthony Weiner (D-NY) in his district office in Kew Gardens, Queens to discuss immigration reform. The Sikh Coalition is a part of growing group of organizations around the country bringing a faith-based voice to the immigration debate, and in particular has been active in the In the meeting with Congressman Weiner, we discussed what it’s going to take to realistically fix this broken immigration system that has deemed the lives of 12 million undocumented immigrants in this country worthless. 12 million people living in the shadows, at risk of being torn apart from their families and loved ones at any moment. This is a statistic we hear a lot, but as Sikhs, what does it really mean to us? How does it hit home? What is our responsibility as Guru-oriented people? Yesterday it hit home for me. Walking out of a productive meeting towards the bus stop, I felt somewhat hopeful about the progress we might be able to make on this issue in the next year. As I was figuring out which bus to take to get to Richmond Hill, an older desi man with a scruffy beard and short pony tail smiled warmly at me and struck up a conversation in Punjabi. He helped me figure out which bus to get on, and then got on the same bus. I invited him to sit by me. We made small talk for awhile and transitioned to English once my tutti futti (broken) Punjabi wasn’t cutting it any more. Soon enough, he told me that he had just gotten out of jail. Surprised, I asked him what happened and if everything was okay. He responded matter of factly with a story that began with an NYPD officer asked him for ID one night on the subway several months ago and ended with him spending two and a half months incarcerated in an immigrant detention center in Texas. He just got back home last week. Sitting next to me, he was wearing the same thick blue shirt that was given to him in detention. His name is Amarjit Singh, and he is a part of our community. He came to New York over 20 years ago and speaks perfect English. He was born and raised in Delhi and survived the anti-Sikh pograms of 1984 and beyond. He makes a living by selling perfume and handbags. He is a Sikh. He is undocumented. He asked me what he should do. He said he can’t go back to India, that it’s not his home. We talked about the need for an immigration system that recognizes the humanity of all people and provides a path to citizenship. I told him about my work with the Sikh Coalition, which he was excited about. As I was getting off the bus I gave him my card, and he said in Punjabi, “One day, I will call you.” I wish I could have given him a good answer to his question about what he should do, but this immigration system doesn’t have a good answer. As I walked down 95th Avenue towards the gurdwara, my eyes filled with tears, blurring my vision and my optimism. What is going to happen to Amarjit Singh, who has sadly turned to alcohol to drown out his pain and struggle? He was so glad to be “free again,” as he put it, but has no way to even apply to become a legal resident of the United States. He and millions of others will continue living in fear unless we fundamentally change the immigration system. This is a South Asian issue. This is a Punjabi issue. This is an American issue. This is a Sikh issue. A Monday morning peek into news that matters. My father is in town, first thing we both do in the morning is chai and internet. He wants to know who won Sunday’s cricket match between Australia and England. England won. Same diff. I’m on Youtube first thing, wanting to write to the songs I just can’t get outta my head. Like, “Throw It In The Bag (Remix),” by Fabulous and Drake. A bright song, a crystal top spinning kaleidescopes of light. This would be an all time fav…IF it weren’t for the play by play instructions to approach that register, pull out that credit card, and buy into capitalism’s empty win. Shopping. In Other News: President Obama Walks Into A KKK Meeting Disguised As A “Townhall” “So what do you think about the healthcare problem?” “I think all people deserve good care. I think we have the resources, and we sure need new job creation, so an overhaul is possible. But healthcare, like crime & punishment, is one of those issues that reveals how thoroughly this country is in the hands of a few industries. In this case, insurance companies, the medical industrial complex, and big pharma. Generally America keeps a poker face, but some issues make her bleed. Healthcare is blood and guts America, plain and simple.” Thousands of you have viewed this blog and my flickr over the past three days. That lets me know a few things: 1. Desi visibility is on the rise; 2. There is an overwhelming interest in Desi lesbians and gays (LGBTTTSQQ, et al.), what we do, how we do it, and how fabulous we look when we do it; 3. Sepia Mutiny is a cutting edge Desi blog trusted by its readers; 4. Roopa Singh cares about this community and so, her visibility is justly on the rise (that’s me folks)./* * Copyright (c) 2015 Manojkumar Bhosale ([email protected]) * * This file is part of FFmpeg. * * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA */ #include "libavcodec/vp8dsp.h" #include "libavutil/mips/generic_macros_msa.h" #include "vp8dsp_mips.h
[ 1884, 7253, 13, 12604, 804, 1866, 7819, 275, 247, 1048, 7145, 2118, 281, 1056, 352, 495, 14, 17, 187, 187, 510, 7123, 2525, 969, 387, 608, 2617, 10873, 275, 367, 16697, 7292, 259, 10273, 22895, 323, 253, 1273, 285, 2457, 1071, 275, 253, 31307, 6869, 2962, 12547, 27, 1852, 18640, 600, 1255, 187, 187, 8924, 457, 12486, 14, 19893, 7688, 476, 320, 1892, 281, 6016, 13, 533, 956, 841, 12192, 285, 368, 588, 1928, 751, 597, 403, 3811, 987, 1735, 3369, 1621, 581, 457, 84, 2455, 753, 326, 1048, 4181, 7688, 403, 3477, 13, 533, 253, 4181, 2506, 457, 85, 452, 281, 23737, 634, 2954, 2057, 15, 2726, 253, 987, 11847, 285, 5511, 13, 1048, 4181, 7688, 476, 2686, 320, 625, 2866, 3886, 8147, 17003, 353, 22026, 27465, 1539, 9785, 16341, 38038, 16093, 40505, 22031, 42113, 4889, 8160, 3003, 45022, 36502, 13, 35460, 13556, 6725, 3172, 28320, 3077, 1277, 15, 187, 187, 8683, 28281, 7953, 8702, 33219, 18896, 5935, 7953, 42113, 9277, 32, 187, 187, 46528, 20753, 8702, 8728, 9242, 1848, 5935, 5642, 4985, 2354, 3003, 33238, 40441, 5935, 46683, 1843, 22031, 25382, 19290, 32, 187, 187, 10663, 2293, 13, 39669, 3886, 2637, 13573, 7953, 4915, 5446, 7840, 3329, 4827, 52, 4110, 2949, 388, 2795, 1410, 3481, 15441, 27254, 3489, 42, 42284, 38392, 2354, 17173, 1410, 10727, 3003, 27465, 2025, 13190, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 625, 685, 1384, 1107, 275, 253, 2136, 359, 871, 352, 310, 1805, 281, 6233, 634, 2136, 685, 281, 816, 1056, 247, 3158, 7289, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 15555, 9361, 327, 253, 9023, 273, 4344, 2136, 8333, 285, 3290, 789, 15, 187, 187, 6872, 403, 10434, 326, 359, 1928, 1918, 441, 271, 5024, 689, 253, 7324, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 751, 281, 1067, 352, 776, 773, 41793, 275, 253, 1608, 796, 668, 9023, 1108, 984, 387, 5446, 50056, 1336, 13, 359, 457, 306, 1694, 368, 6107, 432, 1199, 625, 685, 816, 253, 5101, 2, 187, 187, 6067, 346, 41793, 275, 21290, 3, 9023, 187, 187, 510, 32949, 273, 1051, 7456, 187, 187, 1394, 588, 4366, 1633, 1027, 670, 776, 2579, 987, 432, 253, 1265, 15, 844, 871, 326, 1046, 2199, 310, 4451, 594, 359, 1379, 253, 673, 281, 1663, 2096, 634, 3198, 13, 285, 840, 359, 755, 3053, 34873, 731, 15, 844, 3662, 253, 4481, 672, 368, 4065, 15, 844, 1265, 285, 3426, 634, 2199, 327, 673, 285, 327, 7563, 15, 844, 789, 1892, 936, 6233, 634, 2136, 13, 285, 1014, 12150, 281, 1978, 634, 2136, 15, 187, 187, 510, 32949, 273, 1051, 36251, 187, 187, 2350, 50056, 1336, 6131, 253, 23476, 3580, 432, 973, 14, 4304, 13, 973, 14, 373, 5344, 16596, 15, 844, 452, 1270, 7688, 342, 253, 16596, 13, 534, 13276, 441, 281, 4044, 12085, 20910, 1108, 285, 1509, 253, 16347, 327, 281, 368, 15, 844, 671, 1379, 1270, 15555, 275, 253, 789, 359, 513, 13, 594, 760, 253, 954, 18024, 12440, 588, 320, 1892, 387, 789, 327, 634, 12692, 15, 187, 187, 510, 32949, 273, 1051, 2632, 808, 187, 187, 2632, 808, 2722, 275, 3253, 359, 513, 387, 5446, 50056, 1336, 15, 844, 1675, 634, 673, 407, 17749, 326, 776, 15572, 921, 598, 347, 11526, 15, 1310, 271, 440, 922, 16564, 26741, 5997, 247, 5778, 273, 667, 2238, 13, 368, 588, 4763, 247, 1067, 281, 1339, 368, 871, 15, 844, 1675, 634, 1728, 407, 17749, 776, 3334, 398, 403, 16575, 22546, 13, 14186, 1246, 1598, 13, 285, 3553, 253, 789, 2170, 347, 352, 369, 1119, 15, 1628, 18681, 1080, 9662, 3198, 281, 320, 8274, 342, 253, 2448, 952, 670, 617, 5827, 1108, 533, 327, 3253, 432, 7751, 281, 9256, 281, 8404, 9044, 13, 352, 3133, 703, 434, 2820, 281, 452, 352, 1097, 4088, 937, 753, 11007, 611, 1171, 22153, 13, 10924, 6423, 323, 24006, 8, 4544, 275, 247, 3908, 327, 6794, 15, 187, 187, 10457, 247, 9922, 12674, 8881, 275, 4163, 13, 18718, 22306, 6729, 13, 399, 14, 15041, 10868, 13, 753, 344, 651, 320, 7378, 281, 2525, 1293, 638, 12380, 275, 253, 806, 807, 273, 521, 26083, 342, 253, 7038, 273, 7751, 13, 12728, 13, 27608, 13, 24605, 285, 3729, 9733, 15, 187, 187, 15542, 272, 342, 779, 327, 3924, 13, 9662, 753, 703, 651, 806, 5007, 546, 5711, 656, 281, 1071, 253, 12685, 285, 1925, 6729, 434, 1899, 3496, 37882, 285, 27785, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 2546, 670, 352, 8216, 407, 247, 23800, 13, 253, 1457, 2816, 27445, 753, 7019, 326, 703, 13, 1512, 13, 651, 26339, 342, 7751, 346, 3113, 642, 2515, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 651, 11377, 275, 16685, 342, 7751, 13, 342, 642, 2515, 13, 984, 359, 1053, 626, 1663, 2096, 849, 7751, 2987, 15, 844, 1158, 359, 513, 13, 432, 253, 3345, 13, 533, 309, 1158, 326, 310, 24363, 937, 703, 753, 387, 271, 19126, 390, 32675, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1147, 310, 1077, 31623, 326, 18718, 9662, 3133, 3413, 281, 29809, 617, 6128, 327, 253, 3374, 326, 2647, 954, 281, 253, 2448, 952, 15, 2732, 2800, 1107, 273, 253, 11301, 13500, 457, 84, 37359, 5639, 3646, 13, 253, 36309, 275, 436, 6132, 403, 1512, 1029, 937, 611, 1171, 22153, 2427, 327, 281, 1333, 275, 253, 3727, 15, 346, 510, 2448, 952, 17337, 247, 4007, 665, 588, 2028, 731, 253, 5083, 285, 3959, 4951, 9172, 13, 417, 19153, 14, 1258, 2695, 285, 3569, 4021, 14, 9293, 518, 1425, 187, 187, 3996, 4515, 369, 11526, 281, 4544, 275, 1457, 24129, 327, 7814, 285, 6926, 15, 7146, 1060, 281, 16098, 434, 747, 3569, 20280, 27, 16098, 37010, 982, 15, 681, 187, 187, 27962, 2727, 9, 1235, 26231, 265, 10, 187, 187, 6623, 532, 9071, 2784, 2789, 323, 1175, 30587, 984, 368, 476, 1333, 5913, 310, 954, 4633, 387, 253, 673, 1293, 6306, 407, 352, 1996, 15, 7243, 952, 6923, 327, 253, 3961, 88, 5154, 597, 588, 320, 1512, 14301, 83, 833, 387, 3746, 11476, 616, 10551, 15, 1583, 588, 4489, 253, 9183, 5508, 285, 38219, 390, 1014, 2794, 747, 4394, 323, 731, 15, 187, 187, 4967, 310, 352, 594, 2834, 281, 923, 253, 3064, 875, 32542, 2208, 14, 936, 14, 20129, 285, 4804, 6657, 14, 936, 14, 39892, 32, 24744, 13, 476, 18718, 6729, 285, 3438, 18718, 24006, 417, 923, 436, 13812, 13, 390, 513, 597, 15257, 5206, 417, 281, 32, 187, 187, 25698, 2896, 8652, 13, 9693, 13, 6908, 1163, 4437, 2145, 13, 5215, 495, 27, 2640, 12920, 187, 187, 6723, 368, 271, 2329, 14, 2522, 32, 330, 1353, 251, 2, 733, 434, 253, 1072, 2181, 15, 380, 2208, 3797, 253, 6657, 285, 253, 952, 326, 789, 323, 285, 342, 779, 16, 379, 15, 3166, 368, 1014, 871, 752, 2208, 310, 32, 309, 3524, 368, 3037, 625, 670, 8672, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 619, 1924, 13, 436, 310, 253, 1682, 629, 273, 253, 16098, 23132, 308, 13749, 15, 22006, 3569, 3668, 273, 253, 346, 6795, 4023, 3, 5235, 13, 2568, 1335, 1774, 15, 187, 187, 4041, 1895, 13, 2167, 15, 346, 15542, 272, 342, 779, 327, 3924, 13, 9662, 753, 703, 651, 806, 5007, 546, 5711, 656, 281, 1071, 253, 12685, 285, 1925, 6729, 434, 1899, 3496, 37882, 285, 27785, 449, 187, 187, 3650, 2032, 15, 1310, 368, 2686, 1007, 896, 387, 253, 3492, 273, 253, 15167, 16, 34525, 8881, 13, 368, 476, 923, 326, 18175, 858, 417, 3587, 11449, 6729, 689, 521, 5701, 327, 13311, 13, 285, 326, 253, 346, 343, 37882, 285, 27785, 3, 3908, 2210, 46199, 253, 8881, 13, 417, 1309, 15, 187, 187, 2290, 3097, 310, 253, 954, 1774, 2181, 275, 3668, 7031, 13, 285, 352, 1364, 1620, 320, 31548, 323, 17647, 15, 187, 187, 42, 971, 281, 1333, 1633, 281, 512, 253, 9662, 19761, 4461, 14501, 15, 187, 41821, 8702, 418, 13792, 22031, 26127, 5942, 2, 7764, 368, 512, 3590, 18439, 281, 755, 436, 3416, 275, 281, 3906, 281, 253, 1127, 368, 651, 9645, 314, 4017, 617, 604, 703, 434, 1146, 1925, 327, 1633, 703, 858, 3430, 15, 1244, 604, 368, 1472, 1469, 281, 3324, 598, 835, 369, 6729, 327, 253, 1388, 273, 253, 6273, 368, 943, 452, 9047, 330, 4350, 1539, 2, 1310, 368, 871, 512, 326, 3761, 670, 8672, 387, 512, 15, 309, 3524, 18175, 2506, 626, 2028, 368, 952, 281, 6923, 745, 273, 247, 9729, 984, 987, 1024, 309, 492, 86, 600, 1158, 368, 651, 513, 352, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 8872, 13, 6729, 285, 24006, 4571, 626, 2096, 752, 18175, 5486, 670, 7751, 15, 6729, 2183, 441, 344, 5605, 281, 2525, 731, 637, 281, 637, 13, 18175, 2183, 441, 3968, 588, 26339, 342, 7751, 13, 2097, 2208, 281, 2208, 15, 1583, 871, 617, 8208, 533, 597, 816, 751, 281, 1056, 20362, 2523, 13, 984, 597, 3260, 597, 452, 642, 667, 3524, 275, 436, 1127, 15, 4009, 3826, 10120, 729, 13, 368, 4571, 626, 3984, 562, 534, 3128, 368, 5663, 281, 35731, 32, 14816, 327, 368, 15, 309, 717, 247, 18175, 31409, 13, 642, 6701, 13, 309, 1053, 626, 878, 634, 7535, 13, 309, 717, 1077, 1290, 1483, 752, 309, 717, 2509, 15, 309, 1158, 8786, 9183, 878, 11853, 434, 7535, 15, 346, 4609, 273, 2282, 310, 4030, 407, 479, 3, 533, 417, 323, 253, 17241, 13, 368, 403, 1077, 27915, 13, 816, 751, 8786, 15, 187, 187, 510, 24006, 18120, 4453, 347, 604, 352, 310, 10805, 7419, 15, 380, 760, 2181, 344, 310, 2509, 310, 20362, 18718, 9662, 15, 754, 556, 417, 13964, 18718, 6729, 323, 417, 1014, 4645, 598, 281, 6273, 327, 253, 611, 1190, 14, 4015, 487, 8592, 15129, 15, 754, 310, 760, 7106, 327, 270, 3834, 18718, 9662, 15, 754, 310, 1663, 1663, 2819, 18439, 15, 754, 574, 271, 14779, 1421, 275, 14890, 13, 326, 556, 30117, 15, 3032, 4544, 23866, 403, 1066, 15, 3032, 1329, 310, 277, 16668, 1981, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1158, 3438, 18718, 24006, 3198, 281, 11585, 432, 37029, 8672, 15, 754, 556, 521, 5107, 15, 733, 434, 673, 344, 3534, 3095, 2010, 31187, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5599, 1840, 1694, 352, 8839, 987, 15, 1621, 521, 19239, 390, 2806, 5599, 476, 7171, 247, 3168, 3226, 15, 18175, 588, 3330, 285, 368, 1912, 626, 1014, 452, 247, 12008, 12674, 5310, 390, 6729, 15, 1893, 368, 8525, 273, 841, 8290, 878, 281, 1918, 598, 984, 18175, 9662, 310, 253, 13688, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5599, 1840, 1694, 352, 8839, 987, 15, 1621, 521, 19239, 390, 2806, 5599, 476, 7171, 247, 3168, 3226, 15, 18175, 588, 3330, 285, 368, 1912, 626, 1014, 452, 247, 12008, 12674, 5310, 390, 6729, 15, 1893, 368, 8525, 273, 841, 8290, 878, 281, 1918, 598, 984, 18175, 9662, 310, 253, 13688, 15, 187, 187, 3220, 2380, 27, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 33005, 382, 7967, 302, 3692, 1416, 309, 588, 417, 10390, 285, 3692, 2846, 273, 12913, 309, 588, 417, 14816, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 2119, 326, 604, 368, 753, 326, 275, 253, 3361, 273, 288, 12537, 13, 2534, 471, 390, 6793, 472, 1665, 597, 651, 9012, 387, 368, 13, 285, 840, 1614, 1977, 275, 26489, 382, 15, 187, 187, 17304, 79, 626, 352, 320, 594, 1199, 6927, 323, 2534, 471, 604, 502, 8185, 2686, 753, 346, 42, 1158, 309, 717, 954, 12165, 323, 4007, 984, 309, 247, 3168, 3226, 3, 187, 187, 43835, 13975, 253, 6420, 309, 4366, 326, 253, 3000, 2806, 285, 3168, 5752, 347, 17744, 265, 323, 3226, 285, 5006, 625, 2223, 685, 417, 15, 187, 187, 6300, 13872, 368, 871, 326, 310, 9012, 494, 281, 670, 495, 16, 21, 20556, 273, 253, 2586, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 253, 6627, 1930, 13, 253, 7431, 368, 1329, 310, 271, 7126, 5508, 9558, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2201, 3668, 23812, 452, 2168, 7416, 18718, 22306, 6729, 275, 3731, 17932, 3006, 18718, 18175, 9662, 457, 84, 1899, 5001, 16685, 342, 7751, 15, 1583, 452, 16402, 326, 617, 5701, 1309, 253, 4163, 15167, 8881, 17343, 617, 5701, 1160, 1309, 271, 4437, 1903, 4544, 7286, 275, 1457, 24129, 15, 1723, 13, 247, 11019, 6818, 2909, 273, 8573, 2561, 281, 1089, 253, 4588, 4973, 273, 617, 5701, 4518, 7568, 326, 617, 1899, 556, 644, 7094, 5185, 4768, 13, 5747, 253, 3731, 17932, 5904, 407, 18718, 6729, 285, 253, 3420, 15, 187, 1552, 310, 512, 10090, 562, 275, 2508, 2708, 15, 496, 2159, 13, 18718, 9662, 4518, 753, 703, 651, 417, 4514, 281, 1480, 13, 3367, 12225, 342, 2173, 13, 36818, 1136, 474, 7038, 275, 617, 806, 807, 1293, 667, 638, 32978, 15, 1623, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 752 ]	30 seconds, Karringten turns in a long corner move to make it 3-0 The sides meet again at 5pm tomorrow in Pembroke wanderers for the second and final test in the SoftCo seriesTag: #lonelyness ‘’Long-distance relationships can be hard to handle, but follow these tips and you will feel like they are living right next door No one’s ever said that long distance relationships are easy, but the distance doesn’t have to ruin your relationship either. With the right commitment and communication, long distance relationships can actually be more…THERE ARE MANY COMPANIES OUT THERE THAT WANT YOUR BUSINESS AND ON THE SURFACE, THEY ALL SEEM SIMILAR. SO HOW DO YOU KNOW WHO TO DO BUSINESS WITH? HOW CAN YOU BE SURE TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT COMPANY TO HANDLE YOUR PROJECT? WELL, EVERYTHING WE DO AT AD SHUTTERS IS IN HOPES OF DIFFERENTIATING OURSELVES FROM THE COMPETITION. After more than 20 years in the business we know it is better to earn your business than to just make a quick sale. We pride ourselves on the promise of fair business practices and quality work. These are assets that we feel give us an edge over the competition. We like to call it our “Made in the Shade” promise – because at AD Shutters, we’ve got you covered from much more than just the sun! Our "Made in shade" promise The Promise of...Service You will notice something different about our service right from the start. We know that every project is unique so we take the time to really understand your needs, and then we get started fulfilling them. We answer the phone when youcall. We start and complete your project on time and on budget. We work hardto earn your business, and even harder to keep your business. The Promise of...Quality AD Shutters offers the finest products from well-known, well-respected manufacturers. We have great relationships with the manufacturers, which enables us to obtain competitive pricing – and pass the savings on to you. We also take great pride in the work we do, so only the most skilled professionals will be hard at work on your installation. The Promise of...Respect Respect shows in everything we do at AD Shutters. We respect your time by ensuring that our representatives show up as scheduled. If an unforeseen circumstance causes a delay of any kind, you will receive a call to let you know. We respect your home by ensuring our installers are thoroughly screened, dressed presentably, and leave the work area as it was found.“Senator Clinton needs to be honest with the American people about her plans – but on everything from Iran to Iraq to Social Security, it seems she's trying to have it both ways," said Chris Kofinis, communications director for Edwards' campaign in a statement on Friday. During a Democratic presidential debate in July, Senator Barack Obama, D-Illinois, said he would be willing to meet without precondition in the first year of his presidency with the leaders of Iran, Syria, Venezuela, Cuba and North Korea. Standing with him on stage, Clinton said she would first send envoys to test the waters and called Obama's position irresponsible and naive. But asked about it Thursday by a voter, the New York senator said twice that she, too, would negotiate with Iran "with no conditions." "I would engage in negotiations with Iran, with no conditions, because we don't really understand how Iran works. We think we do, from the outside, but I think that is misleading," she said at an apple orchard. “It is very disappointing that Senator Clinton seems determined to hedge her responses on the issues that matter most to the American people. After six years of the Bush Administration’s disastrous foreign policy, the stakes in this election are too high," Kofinis went on to say in the release. "The American people deserve a president who will tell them the truth and offer straight answers, not flip-flops and political double-speak.” Edwards was scheduled to campaign in New Hampshire on Saturday and Sunday.Click here to CNN's new political portal: CNNPolitics.com soundoff(50 Responses) Flip flopping makes for good polling because you can say whatever is most popular at the time without standing by it later. Once people jump on the bandwagon they will be too embarrased at themselves admit their mistake. They will buy the candidates spin and excuses or even create new ones for them. Why is it so difficult to see the difference between negotiating government-to-government and meeting leader-to-leader? Really, can Senator Obama and former Senator Edwards not see this distinction, or do they actively choose not to? Posted By Lee, Boston, MA : October 13, 2007 3:02 pm Are you an air-head? C'mon! It's the same thing. The government includes the leader and the people that work for and with him/her. Do you even know what government is? I hope you learn more about politics. For my record, this is the best part of the CNN Political Ticker. Constant political news of the "small ball" variety, yet still important. One problem, though. "Standing with him on stage, Clinton said she would first send envoys to test the waters and called Obama's position irresponsible and naive." Not true. If you actually look back at the video of the YouTube/CNN debate, you can see that Hillary did not directly confront Obama over his comments onstage, and that the "irresponsible and naive" statement came AFTER the debate, not during. Truth is the most important thing in news coverage, and it must never be sacrificed for simplicity. I want to say something to all the Clinton Bedroom supporters. HAVE YOU LOST YOUR MINDS! Please you all sound desperate to get this woman in to office to the point you would blindly protect her if she's being called on something she did wrong. And if you're going to bring up where was Obama on the day of the vote you should have watched CSPAN! If you know all that match about politics at all. I hope Hillary doesn't tell you people to jump off of a bridge because right now I truely think you would do it. It is sad, Obama and Edwards couldn't understand what Hillary meant about Iran. Obama told us he wants to meet them man to man, Hillary told us America will negotiate with Iran, means government to government. They know her intention but they just like to make attacking issue, because they knew they have no any hope in this point. Val Davydov, you couldn't speak out which party you belong to proudly? shame on you. I am a Hillary supporter, no thanks, I don't need your advice, I am very possitive what I am doing. I think Republican candidates need somebody's advice. "which of course is fine by me" but not for the Country, you are very selfish, just like Republican. The Edwards campaigns looks as if it is falling apart. The only thing he is doing is attacking Senator Clinton. He has not attacked Senator Obama for not even showing up to vote on the Kyl-Leiberman amendment. He is only focused on bashing Senator Clinton. He is really really looking desperate. He had an enormous lead in Iowa, that has vanished. His campaign donations are down. His support is dwindling. I think former Senator Edwards needs to retire from Presidential politics. He has his opportunity. It's time he gave someone else theirs. The guy above got it absolutely right. No hispanic or black guy can beat a white girl. Hillary will win and you won't even have a vice presidential shoot or Obama. So you supports of these boys need to give up because Hillary Clinton is the winner. The guy above got it absolutely right. No hispanic or black guy can beat a white girl. Hillary will win and you won't even have a vice presidential shoot or Obama. So you supports of these boys need to give up because Hillary Clinton is the winner. My response: For the Racist Bigot whose name I will not honor and whose city of residence I will not shame. I'm sure that if you said that in the presence of hillary, barack or richardson they would laugh at you, and then turn away in disguist. Wouldn't it be so much easier for barack if clinton actually said "I think I am most qualified for president because I a white girl" Whenever visiting the south I notice that the words black and white serve as prefixes for girl and boy more often than not. Just letting you know that is laughable to about 3/4ths of the country. On the bright side, the candidate you support is an excellent spin artist. The major news outlets have already joined Senator Barack Obama in mischaracterizing Senator Hillary Clinton’s position regarding negotiations with Iran. They have asserted that her comments during the July YouTube debate contradict her comments made during an October 11 campaign appearance in New Hampshire. However, a mere twenty minutes of internet research to find the actual sources of her comments clearly demonstrate that her position has been entirely consistent throughout, despite the mischaracterizations by Senator Obama and the media. This is all laid out in detail below. In short, Senator Clinton clearly said she would not commit to direct, personal meetings with specific, tyrannical leaders in her first year without any preconditions. On the other hand, what
[ 1534, 5743, 281, 253, 15884, 30129, 1223, 4645, 642, 1534, 14523, 281, 20663, 26638, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 21, 68, 13, 277, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 2536, 2053, 1543, 1804, 326, 26144, 8512, 2127, 285, 19837, 1491, 670, 1097, 10921, 285, 2105, 387, 253, 673, 273, 2105, 30129, 9759, 15, 1470, 15, 495, 37, 412, 6771, 23586, 6128, 281, 2105, 26638, 15, 1401, 66, 424, 329, 8612, 26144, 23586, 2380, 281, 253, 2105, 26638, 15, 380, 24147, 4038, 3470, 497, 5118, 432, 253, 12650, 2425, 273, 247, 575, 69, 412, 6771, 23586, 5950, 432, 253, 28005, 367, 15, 380, 18010, 3104, 5224, 253, 24147, 4038, 3470, 285, 18010, 20200, 5224, 253, 24147, 11795, 15, 6115, 285, 19445, 9830, 5224, 2425, 275, 253, 1029, 14, 16736, 285, 1698, 14, 16736, 7587, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 9118, 1386, 6492, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 2105, 30129, 9759, 15, 380, 11978, 14, 30842, 2170, 6492, 253, 2180, 281, 10173, 253, 14954, 2281, 347, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 1617, 26638, 15, 1401, 67, 424, 30657, 14, 11215, 2961, 2425, 273, 253, 26144, 8512, 5950, 432, 28005, 367, 281, 253, 1617, 26638, 15, 380, 4891, 3104, 253, 17889, 3104, 1957, 1599, 285, 18555, 13, 2975, 15, 1401, 68, 424, 380, 3268, 273, 253, 3672, 762, 253, 39526, 84, 281, 22048, 253, 1055, 273, 253, 8131, 2105, 327, 253, 16069, 2380, 281, 253, 2105, 30129, 15, 401, 2591, 19325, 285, 1527, 14240, 5224, 941, 432, 28005, 367, 285, 322, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 14150, 2522, 6492, 253, 8876, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 313, 17, 15, 2504, 481, 1401, 69, 8200, 1401, 72, 424, 19974, 6128, 273, 253, 49956, 1318, 1511, 26144, 23586, 5094, 69, 5737, 390, 3779, 1482, 1511, 26144, 23586, 5094, 72, 5737, 281, 253, 32947, 10921, 390, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 15, 4410, 285, 4797, 9191, 5224, 253, 2380, 281, 32947, 10921, 285, 32947, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 9118, 1386, 6492, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 32947, 10921, 390, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 6742, 15, 38856, 2502, 285, 4797, 19325, 5224, 253, 2180, 281, 10173, 253, 14954, 2281, 347, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 32947, 10921, 390, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 15, 1401, 70, 8200, 1401, 73, 424, 30657, 14, 11215, 2961, 2425, 273, 253, 49956, 1318, 1511, 26144, 8512, 5094, 70, 5737, 390, 3779, 1482, 1511, 26144, 8512, 5094, 73, 5737, 281, 253, 32947, 10921, 390, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 15, 1401, 71, 8200, 1401, 74, 424, 380, 3268, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 5118, 432, 253, 49956, 1318, 1511, 26144, 8512, 5094, 71, 5737, 390, 3779, 1482, 1511, 26144, 8512, 5094, 74, 20883, 380, 14150, 22089, 5224, 253, 1129, 2458, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 5094, 71, 424, 470, 15, 2385, 28, 1401, 74, 424, 470, 15, 2950, 10, 187, 187, 7910, 5799, 25407, 273, 26144, 8512, 452, 3786, 644, 2529, 27, 49956, 1318, 285, 3779, 1482, 8512, 3951, 1311, 1619, 2947, 1311, 1717, 8562, 844, 1119, 1941, 275, 776, 26144, 23586, 3072, 273, 2380, 6127, 5185, 342, 1097, 25407, 15, 11740, 1511, 8512, 2692, 815, 45539, 14523, 281, 253, 247, 735, 422, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 15374, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 20, 69, 13, 299, 1084, 1470, 20, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 24646, 13, 3779, 1482, 8512, 2692, 247, 815, 45539, 5743, 281, 253, 247, 735, 422, 15374, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 20, 72, 13, 288, 1084, 1470, 20, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 380, 1048, 21746, 275, 253, 20663, 2332, 310, 671, 28637, 285, 247, 735, 422, 28, 3103, 13, 352, 310, 1896, 326, 253, 767, 26144, 23586, 25407, 651, 921, 1027, 2380, 6127, 281, 253, 2105, 1617, 26638, 15, 1310, 26144, 8512, 1957, 247, 735, 422, 15374, 285, 2105, 275, 247, 2074, 5133, 13, 840, 1318, 8512, 943, 921, 6137, 2425, 281, 253, 20663, 30129, 1955, 281, 697, 247, 735, 6460, 15, 1623, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 3779, 1482, 8512, 943, 2572, 275, 2425, 281, 253, 20663, 30129, 984, 597, 671, 2572, 281, 28637, 15374, 15, 1723, 13, 32338, 6128, 273, 1097, 3510, 273, 8512, 497, 4577, 281, 253, 20663, 30129, 2429, 342, 253, 15884, 30129, 313, 9389, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 21940, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 3156, 285, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 45341, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1717, 323, 253, 1318, 285, 253, 575, 23763, 1482, 3510, 13, 2975, 582, 285, 253, 39526, 1783, 2692, 4577, 6128, 281, 253, 20663, 2429, 281, 253, 15884, 30129, 275, 1097, 25407, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 20, 71, 13, 891, 1084, 1470, 20, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 13334, 767, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 15960, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 3156, 285, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 361, 3680, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1717, 323, 253, 1318, 285, 253, 3779, 1482, 3510, 13, 2975, 481, 3308, 13, 8131, 2105, 3777, 2425, 275, 1097, 25407, 273, 26144, 8512, 15, 2053, 1543, 5224, 326, 2105, 1491, 310, 11742, 407, 26144, 8512, 275, 247, 36143, 1027, 1039, 281, 247, 735, 422, 15374, 15, 187, 187, 688, 253, 388, 7988, 256, 3649, 796, 4836, 13, 359, 13400, 247, 6726, 25618, 275, 247, 5110, 273, 15884, 7587, 281, 4503, 907, 253, 2323, 4142, 285, 253, 575, 250, 1034, 5912, 875, 2332, 3510, 15, 831, 19763, 2559, 253, 11649, 273, 13546, 10921, 390, 253, 2495, 273, 642, 10921, 275, 253, 15884, 1617, 15, 3813, 13, 253, 2169, 2425, 273, 26144, 8512, 285, 253, 30552, 8, 2559, 29581, 323, 253, 15884, 689, 253, 20663, 30129, 812, 320, 1955, 281, 253, 3064, 275, 253, 2495, 390, 11649, 875, 253, 2105, 2515, 15, 1723, 13, 359, 1119, 642, 2954, 875, 253, 1180, 273, 6726, 490, 8707, 285, 253, 3064, 275, 575, 4708, 84, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 22, 66, 13, 270, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 9471, 285, 359, 1119, 247, 2762, 5921, 875, 253, 1180, 273, 6726, 490, 8707, 285, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 22, 68, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 2536, 844, 671, 2429, 26144, 6128, 281, 253, 2105, 26638, 846, 490, 8707, 4632, 15, 846, 3451, 7587, 13, 533, 1119, 642, 3064, 275, 1097, 2105, 2515, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 22, 69, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 2536, 2053, 1543, 5224, 326, 253, 1180, 273, 6726, 490, 8707, 275, 253, 15884, 1617, 513, 417, 5513, 2057, 253, 2572, 275, 29581, 390, 253, 8655, 47658, 5743, 281, 253, 15884, 30129, 15, 187, 187, 25800, 833, 26144, 6128, 281, 10921, 30129, 407, 5087, 2105, 1712, 4538, 24, 94, 187, 48151, 187, 187, 510, 5950, 26144, 8512, 497, 1119, 281, 921, 815, 45539, 5743, 285, 14523, 281, 10921, 285, 642, 10921, 14, 22714, 272, 26638, 13, 2975, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 19, 1084, 1470, 19, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 10209, 13, 359, 7515, 1880, 841, 6128, 497, 27577, 407, 253, 2105, 3786, 23122, 15, 743, 1650, 273, 247, 8612, 23586, 285, 3072, 14, 11215, 2961, 8512, 30259, 4067, 5743, 281, 253, 416, 95, 10431, 95, 12, 30129, 685, 253, 416, 95, 7988, 95, 12, 30129, 403, 2011, 275, 575, 2841, 575, 60, 21, 66, 575, 395, 270, 13, 2975, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 7129, 575, 9, 9389, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 24, 15, 21, 1186, 6027, 1186, 740, 6006, 22, 11768, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1967, 481, 380, 3268, 273, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 369, 8994, 17, 15, 22, 13, 7809, 326, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 95, 10431, 95, 12, 30129, 369, 4067, 685, 281, 253, 416, 95, 7988, 95, 12, 30129, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 21, 68, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 13334, 767, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 21, 1186, 6027, 1186, 740, 6006, 21, 11768, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1967, 481, 2053, 1543, 5224, 326, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 10921, 14, 22714, 272, 30129, 275, 253, 20663, 1617, 310, 3012, 4067, 685, 275, 253, 15884, 1617, 15, 3813, 13, 776, 4342, 1804, 326, 253, 2762, 14, 51, 3246, 2625, 6607, 407, 26144, 8512, 310, 2559, 407, 253, 2105, 3786, 23122, 15, 1470, 15, 577, 37, 412, 6771, 23586, 6128, 281, 10921, 26638, 15, 1401, 66, 424, 743, 1650, 23586, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 12, 26638, 15, 380, 24147, 4038, 3470, 497, 5118, 432, 253, 2425, 273, 26144, 23586, 5950, 432, 28005, 367, 15, 380, 18010, 3104, 285, 20200, 5224, 24147, 4038, 285, 24147, 11795, 13, 2975, 15, 25056, 285, 14863, 9830, 5224, 2425, 275, 253, 1029, 14, 16736, 285, 1698, 14, 16736, 7587, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 9118, 1386, 6492, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 416, 12, 30129, 9759, 15, 380, 11978, 14, 30842, 2170, 6492, 253, 2180, 281, 10173, 253, 14954, 2281, 347, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 10921, 26638, 15, 1401, 67, 424, 30657, 14, 11215, 2961, 2425, 273, 253, 26144, 8512, 5950, 432, 28005, 367, 281, 253, 416, 12, 26638, 15, 380, 4891, 3104, 285, 575, 783, 17889, 3104, 1957, 1599, 285, 18555, 13, 2975, 15, 1401, 68, 424, 380, 3268, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 281, 22048, 253, 1055, 273, 253, 5087, 2105, 327, 253, 16069, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 12, 26638, 15, 401, 2591, 19325, 285, 1527, 14240, 5224, 941, 432, 28005, 367, 285, 322, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 14150, 2522, 6492, 253, 8876, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 313, 17, 15, 3357, 481, 1401, 69, 424, 329, 8612, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 15, 6115, 285, 28422, 9830, 5224, 1029, 14, 16736, 285, 1698, 14, 16736, 7587, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 9118, 1386, 6492, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 416, 2106, 30129, 9759, 15, 1401, 70, 424, 30657, 14, 11215, 2961, 2425, 273, 253, 26144, 8512, 5950, 432, 28005, 367, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 15, 1401, 71, 424, 380, 3268, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 281, 22048, 253, 1055, 273, 253, 5087, 2105, 327, 253, 16069, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 15, 380, 14150, 2522, 6492, 253, 8876, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 313, 17, 15, 1235, 10, 187, 187, 510, 26144, 8512, 671, 2692, 815, 45539, 14523, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 21, 69, 13, 299, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 1723, 13, 253, 6128, 273, 253, 26144, 8512, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 858, 417, 921, 247, 1534, 3064, 347, 247, 1159, 273, 2105, 23122, 313, 9389, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 1099, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1967, 582, 285, 253, 39526, 1783, 858, 417, 10313, 667, 1941, 323, 247, 8492, 275, 253, 2380, 3268, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 21, 71, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 13334, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 13, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 1671, 28, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1967, 481, 3308, 13, 253, 5087, 2105, 369, 417, 11392, 275, 253, 4016, 14, 51, 3246, 2625, 32112, 407, 253, 1327, 250, 1034, 14, 22714, 272, 26638, 15, 831, 778, 320, 4269, 407, 247, 5254, 1055, 27, 253, 17046, 2425, 273, 253, 26144, 23586, 310, 1698, 313, 16576, 608, 1186, 8161, 558, 285, 17912, 627, 778, 417, 320, 247, 4209, 7870, 2491, 281, 18212, 22573, 667, 824, 3064, 275, 2105, 49976, 323, 253, 4016, 47741, 2380, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 21, 69, 13, 299, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 187, 187, 1231, 671, 6730, 253, 1055, 273, 253, 5087, 2105, 327, 253, 10921, 26638, 323, 253, 1318, 285, 3779, 1482, 1511, 26144, 8512, 11794, 13, 533, 1097, 3510, 273, 26144, 8512, 2692, 2074, 2380, 3102, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 23, 66, 283, 73, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 2536, 3813, 13, 253, 5087, 2105, 46955, 247 ]	significant activation to the LC cue while showing no significant suppression to HC cues (Supplementary Fig. [4c, d](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). These results suggest that dopamine neurons code and integrate information about both reward and cost at the time of cost cue presentation.Fig. 3Dopamine neuron responses to cost cues. a A representative dopamine neuron response to the cost cues. The spike density functions were calculated from the normalized activity of a dopamine neuron recorded from the monkey P. The colored lines indicate the spike density functions and colored dots indicate the spike timing. Green and purple colors indicate activity in the high-cost and low-cost trials, respectively. The vertical line indicates the timing of the cost cue presentation. The gray-colored area indicates the period to calculate the firing rate as the response to the condition cues. b Population-averaged activity of the dopamine neurons recorded from monkey P to the condition cues. The solid lines the dashed lines represent mean and SEM, respectively. c The distribution of the areas under the ROCs to quantify the effect of the predicted cost on the neuronal response to the cost cue. Filled squares and open circles indicate data from monkey P and S, respectively. The arrowhead indicates the median of the auROC (0.47). d, g Representative responses of the motivational value type dopamine neuron (d) or salience type dopamine neuron (g) to the unpredictable reward or air-puff. Red and blue curves indicate the response to unpredictable reward and unpredictable air-puff, respectively. The vertical line indicates the timing of the unpredictable reward or air-puff delivery. Pale red and blue squares indicate the period to calculate the firing rate as the response to the unpredictable reward or air-puff. e, h Population-averaged activity of the motivational value type dopamine neurons (e) or salience type dopamine neurons (h) to the unpredictable reward or air-puff. f, i The distribution of the auROCs calculated from the motivational value type dopamine neurons (f) or salience type dopamine neurons (i). The arrowheads indicate the medians of the auROCs (f 0.48; i 0.46) Two distinct subtypes of dopamine neurons have previously been described: motivational value and salience neurons^[@CR28],[@CR29]^. We found evidence in our dopamine neuron population of response patterns consistent with both subtypes. Value type neurons showed phasic suppression to the aversive air-puff stimuli (Fig. [3d, e](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}). Conversely, salience neurons showed a phasic activation to the aversive stimuli (Fig. [3g, h](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}). The long fixation in the HC trial is also unpleasant and aversive; therefore, it is possible that the two dopamine neuron subtypes would show different response patterns to the cost condition cues. If dopamine neurons represent aversive stimuli and cost in a similar manner, then value neurons should show decreased activity to the HC cue due to its aversiveness. On the other hand, salience neurons should increase in activity to the HC cue because they also increase to unpleasant stimuli. However, evoked responses of both types of neurons were smaller to the HC cue compared with the LC cue (two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; P = 0.021, n = 41 and P = 0.0044, n = 29 for the value and the salience types, respectively), and the ROC analysis showed smaller responses to the HC compared to the LC cue in both subtypes (Fig. [3f, i](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}; two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; P = 0.030, n = 41 and P = 0.0058, n = 29 for the value and the salience types, respectively). Thus, predicted cost reduced activity in both subtypes of dopamine neurons. These results indicate that cost information is processed by dopamine neurons in a qualitatively different way to aversive stimuli. In the HLC saccade task, we inserted a forced abort in a portion of LC trials to equalize the success rates and the reward probability between trial types. This manipulation increased the uncertainty of obtaining reward or the risk of no reward in the LC condition. Therefore, the higher activity of dopamine neurons and the monkeys' increased valuation for the LC over the HC cue could be due to the difference in the risk or uncertainty between the cost conditions. However, we found no relationship between the number of forced aborts and the difference in RTs (Supplementary Fig. [5a, b](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}), and we found a positive correlation between the number of forced aborts and the auROC (Supplementary Fig. [5c](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). We also compared dopamine responses to the cost cues after aborts vs. after correct trials, but found no difference in both cost conditions (Supplementary Fig. [5d](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). These results indicate that the number of forced aborts in the LC condition do not explain either the increase in valuation or the enhanced dopaminergic activation to the LC cue. Increased dopamine responses to reward cue by paid cost {#Sec7} ------------------------------------------------------- The recorded dopamine neurons were found to show phasic activation and suppression to reward and no reward-predicting cues, respectively (Fig. [2](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). Next, we assessed whether these responses were modulated by the cost previously incurred. An example of a representative neuron and population-averaged neurons exhibiting larger activation to the R~HC~+ cue than the R~LC~+ cue are shown in Figure [4a and b, respectively](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}. (two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; P = 7.4 × 10^−5^, n = 70). The distribution of auROCs was \>0.5, indicating that the response to the R~HC~+ cue was larger than to the R~LC~+ cue (Fig. [4c](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}; two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; P = 1.4 × 10^−4^, n = 70). These results indicate that the response to the reward-predicting cue in the HC condition is significantly larger than in the LC condition. Therefore, our findings suggest that the positive-RPE signal represented by dopamine neurons is increased by the cost previously incurred.Fig. 4Dopamine neuron responses to reward cues. a An example neuron response to the R+ cues. The spike density functions were calculated from the activity of dopamine neuron recorded from monkey P. The colored lines and dots indicate spike density and spike timing, respectively. Yellow and pink colors indicate activity in the high-cost and low-cost trials, respectively. The vertical line indicates the timing of the R+ cue presentation. The gray-colored area indicates the period to calculate the firing rate as the response to the reward cues. b Population-averaged activity of the dopamine neurons recorded from monkey P to the R+ cues. The solid lines and the dashed lines represent mean and SEM, respectively. c The distribution of the auROCs to quantify the effect of the paid cost on the neuronal response to the R+ cues. Filled squares and open circles indicate data from monkey P and S, respectively. The arrowhead indicates the median of the auROCs (0.53). d A representative response to the R− cues. Green and cyan colors indicate high-cost and low-cost trials, respectively. The vertical line indicates the timing of the R− cue presentation. e Population-averaged activity of the dopamine neurons recorded from monkey P to the R− cues. f The distribution of the auROCs to quantify the effect of the paid cost on the neuronal response to the R− cues. The arrowhead indicates the median of the auROC (0.50) The dopamine neurons also showed phasic suppression to the R− cues (Fig. [4d, e](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}). However, the responses of the dopamine neurons to the R− cues did not show a significant difference as a function of cost incurred (two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; P = 0.25, n = 70), and the ROC analysis did not reveal any evidence for a bias in the response distribution (Fig. [4f](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}; Wilcoxon's signed-rank test, P = 0.35; n = 70). Thus, the paid cost was not reflected in the negative-RPE signal elicited by the nonreward-predicting cues. This may be caused by a floor effect: the spontaneous activity of the dopamine neuron is low (around 5 Hz); and consequently there may not be a sufficient dynamic range to adequately encode any such difference in cost expended for the negative RPE response (Fig. [4d, e](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}). We also examined the effect of the paid cost on the reward cues for the value and salience type dopamine neurons separately, but both types of dopamine neurons showed similar response pattern (Supplementary Fig. [6a--h](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). Therefore, the paid cost manifests a
[ 1364, 320, 3963, 1025, 281, 320, 17285, 15, 844, 9186, 581, 1896, 1332, 273, 37820, 285, 921, 326, 253, 4081, 1332, 4245, 5899, 6318, 17823, 1543, 2464, 187, 12025, 27, 187, 14, 686, 25508, 273, 17709, 285, 45979, 13, 2499, 273, 3684, 9756, 13, 12746, 13, 10011, 3285, 17391, 2464, 187, 14, 686, 4257, 1342, 18196, 273, 27456, 11709, 13, 38303, 2499, 13, 309, 394, 20240, 13, 10310, 1638, 35866, 2464, 187, 14, 686, 52, 1830, 4576, 13, 29482, 2325, 343, 307, 577, 13, 5910, 13144, 11835, 16300, 13, 9972, 2464, 187, 7582, 27, 187, 14, 686, 36, 15, 44, 15, 18940, 8, 187, 14, 686, 47314, 1253, 9499, 1947, 49573, 8, 187, 14, 686, 1779, 543, 1253, 14594, 48012, 8, 187, 5564, 27, 686, 19174, 327, 773, 34, 747, 5919, 1332, 323, 18899, 43939, 14120, 970, 3470, 534, 403, 417, 6278, 40369, 39919, 37820, 285, 22861, 8, 187, 1532, 187, 187, 24881, 13, 275, 247, 4857, 275, 436, 6698, 1008, 4061, 1092, 8229, 1757, 4123, 285, 11437, 223, 1950, 9124, 1441, 313, 4061, 10, 4081, 247, 1332, 281, 10173, 20452, 14120, 970, 1327, 14, 18858, 66, 459, 14, 13897, 494, 3470, 15, 380, 1332, 273, 10011, 310, 2007, 31612, 275, 247, 4385, 407, 12174, 74, 6836, 285, 11957, 313, 6217, 10, 1008, 6217, 1570, 380, 4096, 273, 776, 1246, 4385, 310, 281, 2007, 1127, 562, 326, 275, 247, 7654, 3282, 13, 253, 10011, 1332, 323, 253, 20452, 14120, 476, 906, 275, 247, 4313, 273, 767, 34249, 13483, 13, 594, 326, 1223, 436, 4313, 778, 3464, 6486, 275, 247, 8542, 10704, 10272, 13, 247, 37820, 5199, 310, 3058, 281, 15249, 253, 6486, 906, 15, 844, 452, 6730, 581, 824, 1896, 37820, 5199, 285, 1160, 3057, 875, 253, 10011, 1332, 285, 5899, 6318, 17823, 313, 50, 46, 10, 1543, 15, 187, 187, 35, 3624, 314, 13, 253, 10011, 1332, 17730, 253, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 20452, 5150, 347, 247, 36833, 8967, 5150, 342, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 347, 253, 4764, 13, 34027, 41, 64, 17, 428, 444, 64, 17, 10, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 313, 38, 64, 79, 13, 89, 10, 426, 313, 38, 64, 79, 428, 393, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 10, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 313, 89, 582, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 11717, 2138, 835, 3318, 41, 64, 17, 30, 10042, 1124, 92, 69, 63, 19, 1217, 9665, 63, 19, 94, 559, 55, 64, 17, 11227, 285, 1764, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 393, 8275, 657, 64, 18, 393, 4144, 578, 79, 14, 18, 94, 428, 393, 2204, 578, 74, 30, 18, 1990, 79, 14, 18, 94, 444, 64, 74, 187, 61, 4144, 578, 79, 14, 74, 7165, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 1545, 55, 2138, 3856, 359, 452, 6777, 281, 9569, 669, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 5, 347, 253, 3576, 20452, 275, 253, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 5150, 15, 1198, 370, 79, 30, 18, 1366, 253, 2020, 275, 416, 15, 41, 15, 52, 15, 575, 1171, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 1545, 55, 3851, 27309, 285, 669, 3582, 187, 55, 64, 18, 5, 310, 253, 1072, 347, 253, 1524, 20452, 370, 55, 64, 18, 1352, 844, 671, 5283, 253, 5008, 326, 512, 253, 5149, 20619, 403, 3520, 5734, 253, 10096, 327, 253, 4764, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 310, 11120, 8653, 15, 1198, 436, 830, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 9014, 253, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 5150, 310, 2074, 275, 830, 281, 253, 806, 1340, 5150, 15, 669, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 5, 310, 247, 1929, 1159, 1580, 512, 2406, 1340, 13483, 403, 8025, 1929, 15, 496, 5899, 1165, 46, 20452, 3762, 13, 581, 1669, 18878, 447, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 3851, 342, 253, 1182, 254, 837, 1340, 5149, 1159, 669, 4144, 64, 17, 1352, 6166, 253, 7312, 21539, 2515, 13, 1764, 4841, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 3577, 4144, 64, 17, 393, 3799, 426, 337, 393, 9315, 393, 18452, 92, 395, 94, 393, 9315, 187, 61, 4841, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 3577, 4144, 64, 74, 393, 3799, 426, 470, 393, 3362, 393, 14570, 891, 393, 9540, 470, 13, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 12850, 2138, 581, 761, 12239, 253, 2629, 1165, 46, 906, 3318, 38, 64, 79, 426, 393, 4841, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 14766, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 93, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 393, 3799, 187, 30, 50276, 61, 4841, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 1040, 55, 64, 18, 93, 393, 4144, 578, 79, 14, 18, 94, 393, 3799, 4700, 7243, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 310, 9113, 2797, 13, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 38, 64, 79, 13, 1269, 1009, 310, 2797, 407, 16161, 253, 9826, 8967, 5150, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 8001, 187, 187, 4061, 12661, 326, 3185, 273, 13546, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 275, 253, 2629, 1039, 806, 13, 581, 26574, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 3851, 347, 247, 36833, 9826, 8967, 5150, 342, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 247, 4764, 13, 285, 564, 327, 281, 921, 326, 3318, 38, 64, 79, 426, 44086, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 17, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1572, 1189, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 313, 18, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 10, 428, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 313, 17, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 3117, 393, 8275, 187, 10241, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 17, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1572, 1189, 401, 9, 89, 64, 17, 22058, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 18920, 2138, 835, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 310, 247, 1127, 824, 326, 253, 7548, 2515, 1764, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 38, 64, 79, 13, 89, 64, 17, 10, 426, 470, 13, 393, 9315, 295, 426, 470, 13, 18, 13, 393, 6768, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 12847, 2138, 403, 1313, 323, 253, 12057, 267, 14120, 370, 38, 64, 79, 1352, 3932, 6747, 470, 4543, 337, 310, 253, 3309, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 2341, 10618, 370, 38, 64, 79, 1366, 253, 3470, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 17, 13, 1269, 1009, 285, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 18, 13, 1269, 1009, 403, 275, 2087, 3921, 1439, 4622, 6278, 40369, 285, 7613, 253, 1416, 323, 253, 1332, 15, 187, 187, 7542, 253, 3216, 1375, 5149, 1159, 27309, 760, 387, 253, 990, 2792, 273, 253, 7548, 5180, 18, 62, 285, 253, 42645, 2792, 273, 253, 5149, 3470, 273, 253, 9049, 3054, 5333, 2220, 8577, 327, 253, 20452, 13, 253, 3921, 7483, 4622, 4327, 323, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 5185, 342, 253, 7548, 2515, 3891, 12847, 3851, 310, 370, 89, 64, 17, 2029, 3259, 1352, 496, 247, 8542, 10704, 10272, 13, 534, 310, 1900, 4824, 562, 275, 875, 6486, 13794, 13, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 310, 7922, 271, 29607, 1781, 533, 6486, 1318, 15, 1292, 347, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 7274, 23579, 13, 1097, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 17, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1009, 285, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 18, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1009, 11711, 463, 13, 285, 247, 37820, 1232, 310, 3058, 281, 1056, 3282, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 18920, 8001, 187, 187, 688, 253, 830, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 9014, 3192, 715, 2395, 273, 253, 5750, 273, 697, 14259, 275, 830, 281, 253, 806, 1340, 5150, 13, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 1035, 1637, 13, 1269, 1009, 476, 4354, 320, 14042, 13, 1333, 13, 970, 253, 399, 13256, 1596, 80, 1253, 47228, 1332, 1008, 6721, 62, 390, 32643, 20452, 1332, 1008, 2446, 28, 1214, 37675, 62, 281, 4044, 13, 1764, 4144, 64, 79, 1035, 1637, 13, 89, 10, 426, 428, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 9, 89, 10, 393, 565, 64, 67, 63, 89, 17713, 4615, 551, 18, 61, 1189, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 90, 3117, 187, 61, 565, 64, 66, 63, 90, 33425, 187, 4615, 1035, 1637, 428, 393, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 10, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 91, 10, 1157, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 18989, 2138, 835, 370, 66, 5, 285, 370, 67, 5, 403, 4569, 14637, 281, 10517, 253, 7548, 2515, 13, 275, 4345, 342, 253, 1543, 273, 9942, 15, 187, 187, 4509, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 18989, 9014, 581, 761, 12239, 253, 10898, 3470, 370, 39, 9, 89, 1009, 313, 28821, 347, 6354, 15, 575, 9, 1010, 10, 275, 7567, 15, 575, 683, 6217, 3291, 3318, 39, 9, 89, 10, 426, 428, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 9, 89, 10, 187, 61, 565, 64, 67, 63, 89, 17713, 5095, 92, 18, 61, 1189, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 90, 3117, 393, 565, 64, 66, 63, 90, 33425, 5095, 55, 9, 91, 10, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 91, 11127, 20058, 342, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 18920, 9014, 581, 11403, 326, 253, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 20452, 2341, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 310, 1677, 407, 3318, 38, 64, 79, 426, 551, 43, 1035, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1572, 1189, 500, 9, 18, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 22058, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 3546, 2138, 835, 253, 5164, 370, 43, 9, 55, 13, 89, 1009, 310, 1677, 407, 3318, 43, 9, 55, 13, 89, 10, 393, 8275, 393, 565, 64, 17, 63, 89, 17713, 5095, 92, 18, 61, 1189, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 90, 3117, 393, 565, 64, 17, 63, 90, 33425, 5095, 55, 9, 91, 10, 187, 61, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 91, 481, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 43, 2138, 285, 253, 7548, 1617, 387, 253, 29959, 556, 644, 2668, 1557, 273, 20420, 15, 187, 187, 9301, 13, 359, 651, 751, 281, 1127, 562, 326, 387, 1878, 275, 253, 1650, 273, 253, 3216, 1375, 273, 253, 370, 89, 63, 21, 5, 271, 38474, 27957, 13, 253, 7466, 273, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 3546, 3851, 476, 320, 2853, 14, 7769, 984, 1097, 253, 4520, 1080, 285, 253, 12619, 11711, 463, 347, 370, 89, 64, 17, 393, 936, 61, 3259, 1352, 831, 476, 320, 4354, 2326, 407, 16248, 253, 973, 14, 4304, 1543, 326, 669, 3582, 187, 55, 64, 79, 5, 310, 273, 14189, 830, 275, 253, 378, 3109, 1253, 45055, 1008, 42230, 62, 370, 89, 63, 21, 5, 271, 38474, 27957, 285, 253, 1599, 1318, 10012, 15, 187, 187, 4509, 253, 830, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 43, 9014, 581, 1057, 3921, 1439, 4622, 1902, 3921, 66, 30400, 4622, 326, 275, 253, 2701, 370, 89, 64, 17, 393, 936, 393, 3259, 1366, 253, 4313, 370, 43, 1035, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1933, 43, 9, 18, 13, 187, 89, 64, 17, 1009, 4916, 6486, 285, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 3907, 1014, 2167, 27184, 436, 3249, 562, 281, 320, 594, 15, 7757, 281, 1056, 3282, 562, 273, 24118, 15, 575, 7748, 3546, 3851, 285, 3891, 43, 9014, 247, 37820, 5199, 310, 275, 1340, 15, 2596, 476, 15249, 253, 10704, 906, 2797, 407, 34018, 271, 29607, 1781, 533, 6486, 1318, 281, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 760, 846, 253, 906, 310, 3963, 1025, 285, 253, 2701, 310, 11464, 281, 2226, 15, 187, 187, 510, 37820, 5199, 1146, 4081, 1060, 310, 2074, 281, 253, 581, 359, 3786, 908, 275, 253, 6880, 273, 32643, 20452, 3762, 281, 9049, 3033, 3054, 275, 581, 7877, 407, 20420, 12480, 275, 253, 14972, 1375, 1008, 1231, 1570, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 1182, 254, 837, 1340, 2900, 313, 328, 8292, 16193, 1375, 582, 3185, 273, 970, 253, 6278, 40369, 9216, 3409, 5149, 1159, 669, 4144, 64, 17, 1366, 359, 476, 5878, 275, 253, 1327, 14, 15044, 14, 13897, 494, 14972, 1375, 669, 4635, 64, 17, 5, 407, 13947, 1764, 8616, 64, 17, 9, 89, 10, 393, 8275, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 9, 89, 10, 559, 891, 61, 2592, 61, 4635, 64, 17, 9, 89, 16489, 1764, 2859, 9, 89, 10, 393, 8275, 393, 8616, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 89, 481, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 2859, 2138, 285, 3318, 43, 2253, 2592, 60, 52, 62, 393, 8275, 393, 565, 64, 17, 2850, 3259, 17713, 5095, 92, 18, 61, 1189, 61, 2859, 9, 90, 3117, 393, 565, 64, 17, 63, 90, 33425, 5095, 187, 61, 2859, 9, 91, 10, 187, 52, 9, 91, 11127, 187, 187, 8497, 326, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 2859, 9014, 669, 2859, 9, 89, 1009, 310, 253, 9826, 6278, 273, 669, 8616, 64, 17, 9, 89, 4244, 417, 17334, 8616, 64, 17, 9, 89, 33923, 19, 1352, 2635, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 3546, 3851, 476, 320, 35993, 327 ]	must be regularized to be justified. We examine one possible method of regularization and show that the proposed method gives traditional quantum mechanics results.' address: - 'Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.' - 'Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.' - 'SISSA, Via Beirut 4, 34013 Trieste, Italy.' author: - 'C.K. Au' - 'Chi–Keung Chow' - 'Chong–Sun Chu' title: 'Comment on “A new efficient method for calculating perturbative energies using functions which are not square integrable”: regularization and justification' --- Recently, in a letter in this journal [@SC], Skála and Čížek (SC) proposed a method to calculate perturbation energies using non-sqaure-integrable functions. The method of SC is further augmented in a comment by Guardiola and Ros (GR) [@GR]. The purpose of our present comment is to further point out that in a strict sense, the SC method for the perturbation energies can result in a ratio of two divergent quantities, so that while this ratio may remain finite in a practical numerical calculation, a regularization procedure is needed to justify the finite result. We have examined one such possible regularization procedure and made contact between the SC method and traditional quantum mechanics (QM) results. Briefly, the SC method regards the $n$-th order perturbation equation as a parametric differential equation with $E_n$ as the parameter, $$(H_0 - E_0) \psi_n (E_n,x) = (E_n - \tilde V_n) \psi_0 (x), \label{master}$$ where $$H_0= -\frac{d^2}{dx^2} +V_0,$$ and $$\tilde V_n \psi_0 \equiv V_1 \psi_{n-1} - \sum_{i=1}^{n-1} E_i \psi_{n-i}. \label{defV}$$ Here we have chosen to introduce $\tilde V_n$ as the effective perturbation in the $n$-th order equation. For $n=1$, the sum in R.H.S. of Eq. (\[defV\]) vanishes and $\tilde V_1$ is the same as the real perturbation $V_1$. We also adopt the convention that all the wavefunctions are physical unless the dependence on the parameter $E_n$ is explicitly displayed. For this form of Eq. (\[master\]), the $n$-th order equation is similar in form to the first order equation. $\tilde V_n$ is a known function since all lower order quantities are assumed known. In traditional QM perturbation theory, one left multiplies Eq. (\[master\]) with the zeroth order wave function $\psi_0$. Under the usual normalization conditions, $$\langle \psi_0\|\psi_0 \rangle = 1 \qquad \hbox{and} \qquad \langle \psi_0\|\psi_i \rangle = 0 \quad \forall i \neq 0, \label{norm}$$ one recovers the standard QM result $$E_n = \langle \psi_0 \|\tilde V_n\| \psi_0 \rangle = \langle \psi_0 \|V_1\| \psi_{n-1} \rangle.$$ Once $E_n$ is correctly obtained, $\psi_n(E_n, x)$ is obtained by solving the ordinary differential equation in Eq. (\[master\]). SC propose that instead of obtaining $E_n$ in the standard way first, one treats Eq. (\[master\]) as a parametric ordinary differential equation with $E_n$ a parameter, and go on to show that $$E_n = {- \psi_n(0, x_0)\over \psi_n (1, x_0) - \psi_n (0, x_0)} \equiv {- \psi_n(0, x_0)\over F(x_0)}, \label{para}$$ where $x_0$ is a point such that the boundary conditions $$\psi_n(E_n,x_0) = 0, \qquad n = 0,1, \dots \label{bc}$$ are met for the physicsal energies $E_n$. Since neither 0 nor 1 is the necessary $n$-th order energy correction $E_n$, the functions $\psi_n(0, x)$ and $\psi_n(1, x)$ are in general [not]{} square integrable and hence the name for the method. Since the ground state wave function vanishes only at the end points of the boundary[^1] and the nodal points of the wave functions of the excited states shift upon turning on the perturbation, the [only]{} choice for $x_0$ consistent with the boundary conditions (\[bc\]) is $x_0=\infty$. In a practical numerical calculation, which is always carried out in between finite ranges, $x_0$ is assigned an arbitrarily large but finite value. But as $x_0$ approaches infinity, both $\psi_n(0, x_0)$ and $\psi_n(1, x_0)$ diverge, and a regularization process is needed to make sense of Eq. (\[para\]). In the form of Eq. (\[master\]), taking into account of the advantage of its similarity in form to the first order equation, $\psi_n(\alpha, x)$ can easily be solved, say, using the Dalgarno–Lewis method [@DL] or logarithmic perturbation method [@AA; @Tu] to obtain, $$\psi_n(\alpha,x) = - \psi_0(x) \int_b^x dy\, {1\over \psi_0^2(y)} \int_a^y dz \,(\alpha - \tilde V_n) \psi_0^2(z) , \label{sol}$$ where $a$ and $b$ are appropriate constants to satisfy the boundary conditions, in agreement with the results of GR. From Eq. (\[sol\]), one recovers the universal functions $F(x)$ (given as Eq. (15) in Ref. [@GR]) $$F(x) = - \psi_0(x) \int_b^x dy \,{1\over \psi_0^2(y)} \int_a^y dz \,V(z) \psi_0^2(z).$$ Together with Eq. (\[para\]), one sees that the $n$-th order perturbation energy $E_n$ is given by $$E_n = {J(\tilde V_n, x_0)\over J(1, x_0)}, \label{En}$$ where the functional $J(V,x)$ is given by $$J(V,x) \equiv \int_0^x dy \,{1\over \psi_0^2(y)} \int_0^y dz \,V(z) \psi_0^2(z). \label{J}$$ and the boundary condition at the endpoints has been taken care of appropriately. Next, we would like to point out that at least in the example of the ground state of the $x^4$ anharmonic oscillator, the expansion of $E_n$ in Eq. (\[En\]) can be ill-defined because both the numerator and the denominator diverge as $x_0 \to\infty$. This can be easily seen by combining the well-known results that $\tilde V_n$ is of polynomial form in the Bender–Wu [@BW] $x^4$ anharmonic oscillator and the mean value theorem. From the form of Eq. (\[J\]), one does [not]{} expect [a priori]{} that in the limit $x_0 \to \infty$, the ratio $J(\tilde V_n, x_0)/J(1, x_0)$ becomes finite and $x_0$ independent even though numerically this comes out to be so. Hence to make sense out of Eqs. (\[En\]) and (\[J\]), a regularization procedure is in order. One can justify the numerical result obtained by assigning an arbitrarily large but finite value to $x_0$ only after the result is regularized and the limit is proven to exist. The regularization procedure being proposed here is similar to the one we previously used in the extension of logarithmic perturbation theory to excited bound states in one dimension by appropriately mixing in the ghost state [@We]. For the zeroth order solution (unperturbed state), instead of using the square integrable eigenstate wave function $\psi_0$, we can mix in the non-square-integrable ghost state $\chi_0$ by defining $$\Psi_0(x) \equiv \psi_0(x) + i\sigma\chi_0(x),$$ $$\rho(x) \equiv \Psi_0^2(x). \label{rho}$$ and $$J_\sigma[S] \equiv \int_0^\infty dy \,{1\over\rho(y)} \int_0^y dz \, \rho(z) S(z).$$ Note that in Eq. (\[rho\]), $\rho(x)$ is the ordinary square of $\Psi_0(x)$, not $\|\Psi_0(x)\|^2$. Then Eq. (\[En\]) can be rewritten on
[ 512, 253, 14429, 275, 247, 2491, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 6678, 6909, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 733, 8078, 273, 3280, 28823, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 806, 743, 28823, 281, 253, 806, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 1390, 743, 28823, 2469, 253, 1390, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 733, 31, 187, 50274, 4353, 6909, 9, 1147, 806, 13, 733, 1390, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 1542, 9, 28, 806, 3613, 1390, 28, 12996, 7053, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 26316, 9672, 7053, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2903, 525, 84, 253, 1677, 4445, 281, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 329, 747, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 4445, 310, 3562, 285, 31260, 342, 253, 187, 50273, 11, 7125, 2530, 313, 783, 4445, 1364, 452, 247, 1463, 16757, 390, 320, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 19737, 1511, 481, 2635, 253, 4445, 310, 7922, 281, 253, 1677, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 390, 281, 9212, 247, 4445, 281, 271, 10726, 187, 50273, 11, 326, 2168, 21186, 352, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 390, 604, 253, 10726, 2168, 21186, 271, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 187, 50273, 11, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 2794, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 1780, 5943, 36975, 273, 7125, 281, 897, 281, 3989, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 13059, 32032, 281, 897, 281, 26641, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 2309, 329, 3806, 281, 253, 9841, 3562, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 1051, 1780, 5943, 31, 187, 50274, 16366, 881, 9, 15149, 10, 802, 5070, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 13, 1780, 5943, 3857, 1051, 13059, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 7210, 9, 21294, 4027, 187, 50270, 2309, 21684, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 358, 5070, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 6268, 1450, 10495, 29, 16523, 8743, 8854, 41605, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2903, 525, 84, 1016, 10726, 275, 247, 2491, 253, 1677, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 6678, 802, 5070, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 2794, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 733, 8078, 273, 3280, 28823, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 806, 743, 28823, 281, 253, 806, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 1390, 743, 28823, 2469, 253, 1390, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 1318, 743, 4227, 273, 253, 4445, 281, 9212, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 733, 31, 187, 50274, 4353, 5669, 9, 1147, 806, 13, 733, 1390, 13, 1030, 27740, 708, 2877, 426, 551, 2311, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 8400, 1450, 455, 64, 1171, 9, 7053, 13, 1390, 13, 544, 2520, 880, 3474, 6753, 10726, 10, 551, 1091, 3588, 9, 21294, 558, 748, 4027, 187, 50270, 515, 459, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 14447, 9672, 2520, 13, 806, 13, 1390, 13, 1318, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2903, 525, 84, 1016, 10726, 275, 247, 2491, 253, 1677, 4295, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 6678, 802, 5070, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 2794, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 444, 1147, 8078, 273, 3280, 28823, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 330, 1147, 8078, 273, 3280, 28823, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 806, 743, 28823, 281, 253, 806, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 1390, 743, 28823, 2469, 253, 1390, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 432, 743, 28823, 281, 253, 806, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 4295, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 281, 743, 28823, 2469, 253, 1390, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 4295, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 444, 1147, 13, 7919, 330, 1147, 31, 187, 50274, 4353, 5669, 9, 38, 1147, 806, 13, 444, 1147, 1390, 13, 330, 1147, 432, 13, 330, 1147, 281, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 4659, 64, 8271, 9, 8400, 1450, 261, 64, 17439, 917, 64, 87, 29, 12118, 13, 7919, 6268, 1450, 17828, 64, 32172, 29, 36, 1147, 14157, 2877, 64, 881, 9983, 346, 19504, 1318, 1511, 3287, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 8400, 1450, 455, 64, 1171, 9, 7053, 13, 1390, 13, 544, 2520, 880, 3474, 6753, 10726, 10, 551, 1091, 3588, 9, 21294, 558, 748, 4027, 187, 50270, 515, 459, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 14447, 9672, 2520, 13, 806, 13, 1390, 13, 432, 13, 281, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2903, 525, 84, 390, 36287, 253, 1677, 4445, 323, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 8721, 22809, 281, 253, 1563, 36408, 313, 39176, 406, 853, 2262, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3211, 32901, 14161, 94, 187, 50273, 11, 6753, 708, 15658, 426, 23595, 15, 7110, 29, 12118, 8743, 21294, 10, 3736, 23595, 15, 13481, 29, 12118, 8743, 21294, 13, 13059, 19552, 1163, 23595, 15, 358, 5070, 29, 12118, 8743, 21294, 13, 13059, 1051, 558, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 423, 3211, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 25585, 254, 436, 1159, 8791, 984, 352, 556, 5777, 1805, 3045, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 9212, 390, 8171, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 1780, 5943, 36975, 273, 7125, 281, 897, 281, 3989, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 13059, 32032, 281, 897, 281, 26641, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 2309, 329, 3806, 281, 253, 9841, 3562, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 1051, 1780, 5943, 31, 187, 50274, 16366, 881, 9, 15149, 10, 802, 5070, 64, 263, 64, 13481, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 13, 1780, 5943, 3857, 1051, 13059, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 7210, 9, 21294, 4027, 187, 50270, 15149, 708, 7693, 1062, 426, 21684, 29, 12118, 18257, 535, 50270, 2309, 260, 10730, 15, 24634, 9, 21294, 10, 187, 50262, 32, 260, 10730, 15, 13481, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 27740, 92, 8400, 1450, 10495, 29, 16523, 8743, 8854, 41605, 2311, 187, 50262, 27, 260, 10730, 15, 358, 5070, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 6268, 1450, 10495, 29, 16523, 8743, 8854, 41605, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2790, 2706, 253, 1677, 4445, 323, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 380, 11118, 273, 253, 3470, 943, 320, 6425, 281, 253, 1563, 27, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3211, 32901, 14161, 94, 187, 50273, 11, 2991, 9, 12118, 708, 558, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 423, 3211, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 9939, 187, 50273, 11, 45598, 3510, 6403, 626, 11120, 8164, 4215, 285, 3103, 597, 403, 1620, 187, 50273, 11, 4895, 15, 1723, 13, 436, 1159, 476, 320, 908, 281, 9632, 271, 5731, 2625, 187, 50273, 11, 323, 731, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 390, 281, 12097, 247, 4445, 273, 271, 10726, 187, 50273, 11, 326, 2506, 626, 1211, 352, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 390, 604, 253, 10726, 2506, 626, 1211, 271, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 187, 50273, 11, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 12097, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 401, 7157, 36975, 273, 253, 1159, 5113, 281, 22073, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 11632, 33937, 1159, 5113, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 2309, 329, 3806, 281, 253, 869, 2147, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 1051, 401, 7157, 31, 187, 50274, 16366, 881, 9, 15149, 10, 12097, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 13, 401, 7157, 3857, 1051, 11632, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 7210, 9, 21294, 4027, 187, 50270, 2309, 21684, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 20559, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 6268, 1450, 10495, 29, 19774, 8743, 4997, 41605, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 1720, 30345, 253, 1677, 4445, 323, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 329, 747, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 4445, 310, 3562, 285, 31260, 342, 253, 187, 50273, 11, 7125, 2530, 313, 783, 4445, 1364, 452, 247, 1463, 16757, 390, 320, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 19737, 1511, 481, 2635, 253, 4445, 310, 7922, 281, 253, 1677, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 390, 281, 8171, 247, 4445, 273, 271, 187, 50273, 11, 10726, 326, 2506, 626, 1211, 352, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 390, 604, 253, 10726, 2506, 626, 1211, 271, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 187, 50273, 11, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 8171, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 1780, 5943, 36975, 273, 7125, 281, 897, 281, 3989, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 13059, 32032, 281, 897, 281, 26641, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 2309, 329, 3806, 281, 253, 4445, 1146, 7932, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 1051, 1780, 5943, 31, 187, 50274, 16366, 881, 9, 15149, 10, 8171, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 13, 1780, 5943, 3857, 1051, 13059, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 2309, 21684, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 13481, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 27740, 92, 8400, 1450, 10495, 29, 16523, 8743, 8854, 41605, 9897, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 6235, 11625, 253, 1677, 4295, 432, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 390, 281, 5386, 247, 4445, 432, 271, 187, 50273, 11, 10726, 326, 2506, 626, 1211, 352, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 390, 604, 253, 10726, 2506, 626, 1211, 271, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 187, 50273, 11, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 36975, 273, 4295, 281, 5386, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 1051, 27740, 31, 187, 50274, 4353, 5386, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 7210, 9, 21294, 4027, 187, 50270, 9, 515, 459, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 254, 511, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 582, 3346, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 6235, 11625, 253, 1677, 4295, 432, 512, 253, 14429, 275, 247, 2491, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11 ]	all the entities in a range. * * @sa destroy * * @tparam It Type of input iterator. * @param first An iterator to the first element of the range of entities. * @param last An iterator past the last element of the range of entities. / template<typename It> void destroy(It first, It last) { for(; first != last; ++first) { destroy(first); } } /** * @brief Assigns the given component to an entity. * * A new instance of the given component is created and initialized with the * arguments provided (the component must have a proper constructor or be of * aggregate type). Then the component is assigned to the given entity. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity or to assign a component to an entity * that already owns it results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity or if the entity already owns an instance of the given * component. * * @tparam Component Type of component to create. * @tparam Args Types of arguments to use to construct the component. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. * @param args Parameters to use to initialize the component. * @return A reference to the newly created component. / template<typename Component, typename... Args> decltype(auto) emplace(const entity_type entity, Args &&... args) { ENTT_ASSERT(valid(entity)); return assure<Component>().emplace(this, entity, std::forward<Args>(args)...); } /** * @brief Assigns each entity in a range the given component. * * @sa emplace * * @tparam Component Type of component to create. * @tparam It Type of input iterator. * @param first An iterator to the first element of the range of entities. * @param last An iterator past the last element of the range of entities. * @param value An instance of the component to assign. / template<typename Component, typename It> void insert(It first, It last, const Component &value = {}) { ENTT_ASSERT(std::all_of(first, last, [this](const auto entity) { return valid(entity); })); assure<Component>().insert(this, first, last, value); } /** * @brief Assigns each entity in a range the given components. * * @sa emplace * * @tparam Component Type of component to create. * @tparam EIt Type of input iterator. * @tparam CIt Type of input iterator. * @param first An iterator to the first element of the range of entities. * @param last An iterator past the last element of the range of entities. * @param from An iterator to the first element of the range of components. * @param to An iterator past the last element of the range of components. / template<typename Component, typename EIt, typename CIt> void insert(EIt first, EIt last, CIt from, CIt to) { static_assert(std::is_constructible_v<Component, typename std::iterator_traits<CIt>::value_type>, "Invalid value type"); ENTT_ASSERT(std::all_of(first, last, [this](const auto entity) { return valid(entity); })); assure<Component>().insert(this, first, last, from, to); } /** * @brief Assigns or replaces the given component for an entity. * * Equivalent to the following snippet (pseudocode): * * @code{.cpp} * auto &component = registry.has<Component>(entity) ? registry.replace<Component>(entity, args...) : registry.emplace<Component>(entity, args...); * @endcode * * Prefer this function anyway because it has slightly better performance. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity. * * @tparam Component Type of component to assign or replace. * @tparam Args Types of arguments to use to construct the component. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. * @param args Parameters to use to initialize the component. * @return A reference to the newly created component. / template<typename Component, typename... Args> decltype(auto) emplace_or_replace(const entity_type entity, Args &&... args) { ENTT_ASSERT(valid(entity)); auto &cpool = assure<Component>(); return cpool.contains(entity) ? cpool.replace(this, entity, Component{std::forward<Args>(args)...}) : cpool.emplace(this, entity, std::forward<Args>(args)...); } /* * @brief Patches the given component for an entity. * * The signature of the functions should be equivalent to the following: * * @code{.cpp} * void(Component &); * @endcode * * @note * Empty types aren't explicitly instantiated and therefore they are never * returned. However, this function can be used to trigger an update signal * for them. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity or to patch a component of an entity * that doesn't own it results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity or if the entity doesn't own an instance of the given * component. * * @tparam Component Type of component to patch. * @tparam Func Types of the function objects to invoke. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. * @param func Valid function objects. * @return A reference to the patched component. / template<typename Component, typename... Func> decltype(auto) patch(const entity_type entity, Func &&... func) { ENTT_ASSERT(valid(entity)); return assure<Component>().patch(this, entity, std::forward<Func>(func)...); } /** * @brief Replaces the given component for an entity. * * A new instance of the given component is created and initialized with the * arguments provided (the component must have a proper constructor or be of * aggregate type). Then the component is assigned to the given entity. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity or to replace a component of an * entity that doesn't own it results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity or if the entity doesn't own an instance of the given * component. * * @tparam Component Type of component to replace. * @tparam Args Types of arguments to use to construct the component. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. * @param args Parameters to use to initialize the component. * @return A reference to the component being replaced. / template<typename Component, typename... Args> decltype(auto) replace(const entity_type entity, Args &&... args) { return assure<Component>().replace(this, entity, Component{std::forward<Args>(args)...}); } /** * @brief Removes the given components from an entity. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity or to remove a component from an * entity that doesn't own it results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity or if the entity doesn't own an instance of the given * component. * * @tparam Component Types of components to remove. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. / template<typename... Component> void remove(const entity_type entity) { ENTT_ASSERT(valid(entity)); (assure<Component>().erase(this, entity), ...); } /** * @brief Removes the given components from all the entities in a range. * *
[ 67, 11671, 14346, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 93, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14346, 24, 8, 1163, 686, 52, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14346, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 537, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14346, 26, 8, 1163, 29278, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 5781, 8, 1163, 686, 9, 394, 41149, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 357, 8, 1163, 686, 14193, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 317, 8, 1163, 686, 2, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 324, 8, 1163, 686, 26848, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 3348, 8, 1163, 686, 9, 51, 41149, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 2320, 8, 1163, 30225, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 22501, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 19, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 20, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 21, 8, 1163, 5550, 8, 995, 686, 31738, 11470, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 49, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 24, 8, 1163, 42371, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 25, 8, 1163, 26848, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 18, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 5830, 8, 1163, 686, 9, 394, 41149, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 4482, 8, 1163, 686, 5064, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 12847, 8, 1163, 686, 18, 16, 21, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 14836, 8, 1163, 686, 18, 16, 19, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 1257, 8, 1163, 686, 20, 16, 21, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 3342, 8, 1163, 686, 32, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 21, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 12648, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 24, 8, 1163, 686, 36, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 38, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 38, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 6357, 8, 1163, 686, 38, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 67, 8, 1163, 686, 38, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 550, 8, 1163, 686, 42, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 2428, 8, 1163, 686, 42, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 336, 8, 1163, 686, 42, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 7836, 8, 1163, 686, 42, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 37, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 47, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 21, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 24, 8, 1163, 42371, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 54, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 1473, 8, 1163, 686, 54, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 5470, 8, 1163, 686, 54, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 12352, 8, 1163, 686, 54, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 1678, 8, 1163, 686, 58, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 615, 8, 1163, 686, 67, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 4989, 8, 1163, 686, 35, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 21, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 3348, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 24, 8, 1163, 686, 68, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 70, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 70, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 66, 8, 1163, 686, 70, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 2275, 8, 1163, 686, 70, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 886, 8, 1163, 686, 74, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 264, 8, 1163, 686, 74, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 1796, 8, 1163, 686, 74, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 832, 8, 1163, 686, 74, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 79, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 21, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 24, 8, 1163, 17882, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 6855, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 67, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 12964, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 9194, 8, 1163, 686, 90, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 453, 8, 1163, 686, 67, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 21671, 8, 1163, 686, 90, 1383, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50274, 4, 329, 3711, 908, 672, 11922, 44355, 7464, 14, 805, 3583, 16, 28783, 14, 45295, 14, 18, 187, 50274, 4, 5810, 275, 5010, 34773, 14, 25, 7177, 15, 187, 50274, 4, 187, 50274, 4, 5838, 326, 393, 89, 3593, 13, 393, 89, 25, 69, 13, 393, 89, 25, 71, 13, 393, 89, 2270, 13, 285, 393, 89, 26, 69, 403, 17011, 275, 187, 50274, 4, 7464, 14, 805, 3583, 15, 187, 50274, 37058, 33069, 64, 805, 3583, 64, 7058, 64, 18441, 25, 426, 551, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 1438, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 3507, 61, 89, 317, 1383, 1852, 17275, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 3507, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 26, 66, 1383, 1852, 541, 237, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 3245, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 23, 61, 89, 4529, 1383, 50273, 4, 209, 130, 229, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2759, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 26, 70, 1383, 1852, 16724, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2227, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 14346, 23, 1383, 1852, 8139, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2691, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 14346, 17, 1383, 1852, 31038, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2597, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 14346, 18, 1383, 1852, 541, 96, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2055, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 67, 61, 89, 2691, 1383, 50273, 4, 209, 135, 217, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2511, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 17296, 17, 1383, 1852, 541, 110, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 25, 66, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 14346, 17, 1383, 50273, 4, 43869, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 25, 67, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 17296, 26, 1383, 1852, 541, 119, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 25, 68, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 89, 4529, 1383, 50273, 4, 6078, 229, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 25, 70, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 89, 14836, 1383, 50273, 4, 6078, 123, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4739, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 4185, 1383, 1852, 2802, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4529, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 1525, 1383, 1852, 15956, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4590, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 26, 68, 1383, 1852, 773, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 3953, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 26, 69, 1383, 1852, 18365, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2222, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 14346, 19, 1383, 1852, 10983, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4196, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 4590, 1383, 1852, 1108, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4148, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 3953, 1383, 1852, 1905, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4185, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 67, 61, 89, 26, 68, 1383, 50273, 4, 209, 135, 239, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 1525, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 2759, 61, 14346, 19, 1383, 1852, 3384, 215, 97, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 66, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 14346, 18, 1383, 50273, 4, 23933, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 67, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 5830, 1383, 1852, 541, 120, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 68, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 89, 4590, 1383, 50273, 4, 6078, 230, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 70, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 89, 1257, 1383, 50273, 4, 19888, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 71, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 17296, 25, 1383, 50273, 4, 6078, 118, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 17, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 17, 1383, 50273, 4, 17345, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 18, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 18, 1383, 50273, 4, 46290, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 19, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 19, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 97, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 20, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 20, 1383, 50273, 4, 8157, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 21, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 21, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 99, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 22, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 22, 1383, 50273, 4, 43389, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 23, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 23, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 101, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 24, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 24, 1383, 50273, 4, 3015, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 25, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 25, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 103, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 26, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 26, 1383, 50273, 4, 20919, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 5781, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 5781, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 105, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 357, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 357, 1383, 50273, 4, 7539, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 317, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 317, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 107, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 324, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 324, 1383, 50273, 4, 43044, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 3348, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 3348, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 108, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2320, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 2320, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 109, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 17, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 17, 1383, 50273, 4, 11758, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 18, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 18, 1383, 50273, 4, 3279, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 19, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 19, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 112, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 20, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 20, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 113, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 21, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 21, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 114, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 22, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 22, 1383, 50273, 4, 9804, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 23, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 23, 1383, 50273, 4, 11367, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 24, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 24, 1383, 50273, 4, 25271, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 25, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 25, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 118, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 26, 1163, 270, 11671 ]	b'\xa6' : '\|', b'\xa7' : 'S', b'\xa8' : '..', b'\xa9' : '', b'\xaa' : '(th)', b'\xab' : '<<', b'\xac' : '!', b'\xad' : ' ', b'\xae' : '(R)', b'\xaf' : '-', b'\xb0' : 'o', b'\xb1' : '+-', b'\xb2' : '2', b'\xb3' : '3', b'\xb4' : ("'", 'acute'), b'\xb5' : 'u', b'\xb6' : 'P', b'\xb7' : '', b'\xb8' : ',', b'\xb9' : '1', b'\xba' : '(th)', b'\xbb' : '>>', b'\xbc' : '1/4', b'\xbd' : '1/2', b'\xbe' : '3/4', b'\xbf' : '?', b'\xc0' : 'A', b'\xc1' : 'A', b'\xc2' : 'A', b'\xc3' : 'A', b'\xc4' : 'A', b'\xc5' : 'A', b'\xc6' : 'AE', b'\xc7' : 'C', b'\xc8' : 'E', b'\xc9' : 'E', b'\xca' : 'E', b'\xcb' : 'E', b'\xcc' : 'I', b'\xcd' : 'I', b'\xce' : 'I', b'\xcf' : 'I', b'\xd0' : 'D', b'\xd1' : 'N', b'\xd2' : 'O', b'\xd3' : 'O', b'\xd4' : 'O', b'\xd5' : 'O', b'\xd6' : 'O', b'\xd7' : '', b'\xd8' : 'O', b'\xd9' : 'U', b'\xda' : 'U', b'\xdb' : 'U', b'\xdc' : 'U', b'\xdd' : 'Y', b'\xde' : 'b', b'\xdf' : 'B', b'\xe0' : 'a', b'\xe1' : 'a', b'\xe2' : 'a', b'\xe3' : 'a', b'\xe4' : 'a', b'\xe5' : 'a', b'\xe6' : 'ae', b'\xe7' : 'c', b'\xe8' : 'e', b'\xe9' : 'e', b'\xea' : 'e', b'\xeb' : 'e', b'\xec' : 'i', b'\xed' : 'i', b'\xee' : 'i', b'\xef' : 'i', b'\xf0' : 'o', b'\xf1' : 'n', b'\xf2' : 'o', b'\xf3' : 'o', b'\xf4' : 'o', b'\xf5' : 'o', b'\xf6' : 'o', b'\xf7' : '/', b'\xf8' : 'o', b'\xf9' : 'u', b'\xfa' : 'u', b'\xfb' : 'u', b'\xfc' : 'u', b'\xfd' : 'y', b'\xfe' : 'b', b'\xff' : 'y', } # A map used when removing rogue Windows-1252/ISO-8859-1 # characters in otherwise UTF-8 documents. # # Note that \x81, \x8d, \x8f, \x90, and \x9d are undefined in # Windows-1252. WINDOWS_1252_TO_UTF8 = { 0x80 : b'\xe2\x82\xac', # € 0x82 : b'\xe2\x80\x9a', # ‚ 0x83 : b'\xc6\x92', # ƒ 0x84 : b'\xe2\x80\x9e', # „ 0x85 : b'\xe2\x80\xa6', # … 0x86 : b'\xe2\x80\xa0', # † 0x87 : b'\xe2\x80\xa1', # ‡ 0x88 : b'\xcb\x86', # ˆ 0x89 : b'\xe2\x80\xb0', # ‰ 0x8a : b'\xc5\xa0', # Š 0x8b : b'\xe2\x80\xb9', # ‹ 0x8c : b'\xc5\x92', # Œ 0x8e : b'\xc5\xbd', # Ž 0x91 : b'\xe2\x80\x98', # ‘ 0x92 : b'\xe2\x80\x99', # ’ 0x93 : b'\xe2\x80\x9c', # “ 0x94 : b'\xe2\x80\x9d', # ” 0x95 : b'\xe2\x80\xa2', # • 0x96 : b'\xe2\x80\x93', # – 0x97 : b'\xe2\x80\x94', # — 0x98 : b'\xcb\x9c', # ˜ 0x99 : b'\xe2\x84\xa2', # ™ 0x9a : b'\xc5\xa1', # š 0x9b : b'\xe2\x80\xba', # › 0x9c : b'\xc5\x93', # œ 0x9e : b'\xc5\xbe', # ž 0x9f : b'\xc5\xb8', # Ÿ 0xa0 : b'\xc2\xa0', # 0xa1 : b'\xc2\xa1', # ¡ 0xa2 : b'\xc2\xa2', # ¢ 0xa3 : b'\xc2\xa3', # £ 0xa4 : b'\xc2\xa4', # ¤ 0xa5 : b'\xc2\xa5', # ¥ 0xa6 : b'\xc2\xa6', # ¦ 0xa7 : b'\xc2\xa7', # § 0xa8 : b'\xc2\xa8', # ¨ 0xa9 : b'\xc2\xa9', # © 0xaa : b'\xc2\xaa', # ª 0xab : b'\xc2\xab', # « 0xac : b'\xc2\xac', # ¬ 0xad : b'\xc2\xad', # 0xae : b'\xc2\xae', # ® 0xaf : b'\xc2\xaf', # ¯ 0xb0 : b'\xc2\xb0', # ° 0xb1 : b'\xc2\xb1', # ± 0xb2 : b'\xc2\xb2', # ² 0xb3 : b'\xc2\xb3', # ³ 0xb4 : b'\xc2\xb4', # ´ 0xb5 : b'\xc2\xb5', # µ 0xb6 : b'\xc2\xb6', # ¶ 0xb7 : b'\xc2\xb7', # · 0xb8 : b'\xc2\xb8', # ¸ 0xb9 : b'\
[ 3718, 1757, 46975, 3974, 372, 818, 13, 1036, 6, 513, 2264, 34839, 11780, 258, 441, 80, 372, 4848, 9837, 84, 642, 21745, 13589, 372, 734, 35802, 711, 71, 15100, 1757, 46975, 3974, 372, 1249, 13, 4148, 7739, 46166, 4665, 274, 513, 261, 4809, 375, 21098, 265, 2558, 86, 4631, 1049, 834, 8585, 30645, 1144, 16469, 27, 372, 1753, 30645, 458, 3179, 12263, 704, 7067, 35553, 401, 31073, 13, 802, 774, 14291, 18547, 4644, 372, 734, 14291, 372, 24855, 650, 33562, 313, 71, 15100, 1757, 46975, 299, 711, 71, 15100, 1757, 46975, 10, 954, 376, 1753, 258, 441, 80, 372, 4848, 9837, 84, 802, 3718, 4204, 866, 21221, 7014, 3974, 2192, 4478, 9392, 1821, 263, 3294, 13490, 9392, 18547, 4644, 372, 1049, 10986, 29213, 13, 299, 258, 372, 4848, 9837, 84, 15563, 247, 866, 21221, 7014, 3974, 819, 1420, 9392, 4204, 6191, 785, 20092, 66, 396, 3294, 3377, 18547, 20591, 372, 734, 35802, 711, 71, 15100, 1757, 46975, 15, 1680, 601, 954, 376, 1753, 372, 269, 4611, 11856, 516, 43166, 6429, 1528, 571, 1753, 396, 9766, 276, 8685, 247, 3718, 4204, 866, 21221, 7014, 15, 187, 187, 26186, 562, 287, 4809, 80, 247, 1151, 1759, 3377, 3974, 1753, 48118, 258, 39362, 458, 3179, 12263, 13, 258, 650, 33562, 372, 35140, 900, 4057, 7035, 693, 2327, 86, 1049, 1631, 66, 686, 785, 1528, 7940, 16444, 372, 4154, 375, 8, 1753, 258, 650, 33562, 2916, 5629, 247, 1045, 66, 13, 258, 1753, 49267, 1151, 11856, 20456, 22091, 372, 1753, 642, 650, 33562, 2916, 5629, 13, 327, 615, 396, 1548, 692, 66, 11856, 516, 43166, 6429, 1528, 571, 372, 387, 1741, 3355, 372, 4848, 9837, 84, 13, 37472, 5111, 1821, 263, 930, 2771, 372, 8266, 265, 372, 802, 739, 3685, 9527, 734, 35802, 13, 1049, 834, 6575, 5586, 5111, 387, 13734, 32147, 3377, 299, 6415, 75, 3377, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 31535, 891, 4678, 317, 790, 285, 28609, 19832, 273, 530, 18244, 84, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 2444, 327, 271, 622, 326, 12802, 265, 891, 4678, 11660, 530, 18244, 84, 432, 247, 31446, 4771, 13, 326, 2097, 627, 403, 642, 1892, 14, 38059, 530, 18244, 84, 275, 253, 622, 285, 841, 36919, 403, 11485, 6890, 15, 530, 18244, 84, 476, 320, 9300, 327, 253, 31446, 285, 253, 622, 588, 4763, 247, 747, 873, 273, 530, 18244, 84, 281, 5724, 323, 15, 187, 15545, 327, 436, 1501, 1060, 13, 8217, 310, 33944, 11222, 326, 1329, 11595, 3280, 273, 530, 18244, 84, 285, 309, 1353, 417, 2119, 604, 619, 622, 310, 1469, 281, 1056, 352, 281, 253, 2051, 4657, 15, 187, 42, 651, 751, 281, 4089, 634, 8680, 604, 368, 1849, 4783, 949, 436, 1854, 390, 452, 4307, 327, 247, 2074, 4473, 285, 1160, 352, 949, 253, 2278, 1232, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 42, 452, 671, 574, 271, 622, 10945, 323, 6941, 11595, 3280, 273, 1294, 3266, 414, 54, 18244, 84, 15, 50276, 3220, 4685, 273, 8217, 434, 1899, 310, 326, 436, 10384, 760, 281, 25104, 347, 247, 45592, 13, 285, 326, 352, 310, 4136, 281, 452, 11595, 2608, 3280, 273, 1294, 3266, 414, 54, 18244, 84, 323, 5481, 6378, 15, 50276, 510, 1921, 597, 1053, 626, 971, 368, 281, 13185, 342, 247, 13542, 5966, 1294, 3266, 414, 54, 18244, 84, 310, 984, 352, 4483, 8869, 273, 271, 3477, 48109, 4968, 323, 346, 1033, 49912, 272, 3, 643, 12633, 8, 320, 317, 790, 15, 187, 2773, 753, 13, 634, 897, 1083, 310, 1027, 1335, 13, 984, 368, 403, 2970, 253, 1294, 3266, 414, 54, 18244, 84, 432, 247, 4771, 13, 417, 3587, 432, 2608, 3280, 15, 50276, 42, 452, 2067, 11222, 275, 253, 2051, 15900, 326, 513, 4555, 436, 13, 285, 352, 310, 247, 1846, 3946, 13, 594, 309, 1053, 626, 30258, 352, 588, 320, 247, 1895, 323, 368, 15, 535, 7676, 24247, 14975, 8, 12351, 5373, 273, 367, 22897, 27, 247, 9933, 6630, 638, 14, 285, 1501, 14, 49, 22897, 7092, 15, 187, 7676, 24247, 14975, 275, 253, 27733, 4775, 17907, 273, 1457, 14541, 1373, 285, 10118, 4614, 263, 497, 11966, 247, 6630, 1078, 285, 846, 367, 22897, 369, 9009, 2439, 512, 7928, 4375, 275, 253, 14254, 15, 510, 6630, 574, 4562, 15, 24, 6, 285, 4791, 15, 17, 6, 2380, 4142, 13, 2975, 15, 1707, 369, 10665, 1329, 1119, 323, 367, 22897, 1097, 638, 14, 285, 1501, 14, 39595, 275, 253, 3672, 273, 1174, 2289, 285, 2278, 13, 367, 22897, 13175, 13, 3290, 273, 5012, 13, 6733, 13, 285, 2670, 14, 936, 14, 11264, 5702, 45235, 15, 2512, 369, 3710, 1329, 326, 367, 22897, 3777, 4675, 2978, 273, 3297, 15, 38056, 656, 824, 347, 253, 581, 7091, 275, 436, 1263, 2085, 271, 5107, 281, 2557, 253, 12351, 5649, 285, 7881, 273, 367, 22897, 275, 247, 4942, 2105, 3576, 5133, 15, 510, 10325, 310, 9238, 285, 5258, 1875, 28, 627, 403, 642, 18892, 23267, 390, 21854, 942, 323, 6149, 314, 30269, 15, 187, 187, 38603, 310, 26557, 12338, 28, 1841, 878, 281, 3997, 745, 273, 643, 1841, 13, 285, 6909, 390, 5159, 643, 1841, 13, 275, 1340, 281, 11883, 285, 20464, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1966, 15272, 13, 26350, 310, 10046, 14896, 28, 344, 46340, 521, 9054, 285, 4852, 281, 3819, 1529, 1388, 15, 831, 310, 253, 1039, 352, 2987, 10159, 273, 665, 369, 37620, 987, 13, 275, 253, 7312, 3282, 273, 28009, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 359, 476, 17965, 1333, 310, 253, 5405, 273, 253, 500, 24895, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 247, 28364, 382, 13, 309, 871, 326, 434, 849, 253, 10325, 2987, 13, 285, 309, 1132, 15672, 15, 313, 688, 1142, 625, 7000, 34323, 273, 2675, 5016, 285, 3367, 32992, 627, 434, 642, 878, 281, 21184, 327, 1060, 2698, 187, 187, 1989, 1024, 13, 513, 309, 971, 281, 3153, 275, 247, 1966, 5948, 534, 4566, 407, 247, 11727, 273, 346, 22732, 2789, 987, 13, 2712, 4566, 13, 5405, 273, 253, 500, 24895, 16296, 187, 187, 42, 588, 1333, 3365, 13, 346, 2369, 937, 533, 342, 32696, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 3, 984, 824, 247, 5948, 2506, 626, 1361, 619, 1211, 5788, 1199, 13, 352, 17134, 398, 352, 15, 1284, 247, 8870, 2675, 5893, 13, 309, 971, 281, 3153, 275, 247, 5948, 534, 556, 6297, 313, 50141, 13, 7829, 13, 29894, 43508, 281, 4017, 619, 7185, 15, 187, 187, 17833, 13, 275, 247, 1375, 273, 3753, 13, 285, 672, 352, 48792, 3249, 1066, 281, 352, 512, 309, 476, 10725, 327, 310, 4266, 281, 11883, 1411, 40567, 285, 3626, 36578, 13, 533, 2139, 651, 309, 971, 281, 3153, 1388, 275, 285, 1388, 562, 275, 3638, 4709, 323, 619, 1495, 32, 187, 187, 42, 588, 11697, 1379, 5018, 281, 4017, 4266, 342, 247, 22657, 285, 690, 1846, 14, 33829, 346, 33151, 7060, 84, 937, 533, 347, 1663, 271, 6880, 273, 436, 13, 309, 588, 671, 23075, 1329, 247, 2208, 285, 5948, 534, 5419, 6419, 25481, 323, 479, 347, 247, 25615, 624, 1411, 6617, 13, 285, 3400, 15394, 6619, 3238, 13, 2190, 643, 4217, 2675, 21031, 281, 4017, 479, 1411, 25926, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1014, 564, 594, 2080, 347, 281, 1329, 2208, 6382, 466, 534, 1361, 619, 1211, 5788, 285, 973, 14, 11952, 275, 253, 830, 273, 5252, 10132, 285, 3872, 1786, 6503, 15, 187, 187, 2513, 436, 10155, 253, 346, 24441, 273, 253, 500, 24895, 865, 187, 187, 2302, 15, 733, 434, 1335, 26182, 352, 347, 26401, 2032, 13, 45190, 273, 3753, 13, 1223, 8133, 5827, 275, 1659, 281, 4017, 10616, 15, 733, 434, 41585, 5788, 15, 187, 187, 4125, 1110, 32696, 309, 10062, 670, 28, 187, 187, 42, 1053, 626, 971, 4130, 281, 11883, 285, 755, 247, 5044, 6021, 816, 984, 597, 452, 247, 10724, 15, 187, 187, 39546, 10529, 285, 2854, 14, 1911, 882, 84, 309, 476, 4745, 2014, 562, 347, 1146, 19231, 26368, 273, 954, 13, 604, 417, 512, 13, 313, 7955, 1946, 327, 690, 40155, 273, 12137, 10, 2675, 29110, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1335, 971, 24766, 12636, 279, 261, 9009, 275, 1569, 285, 14232, 15, 187, 187, 688, 5054, 8213, 13, 309, 513, 3839, 971, 4413, 534, 1891, 281, 1891, 28, 10995, 12536, 13, 1805, 4394, 588, 1379, 616, 1659, 15, 187, 187, 3220, 1127, 1060, 310, 326, 1223, 253, 10325, 310, 5258, 1875, 285, 581, 3198, 281, 871, 352, 285, 769, 327, 352, 13, 352, 671, 1602, 80, 11625, 581, 281, 1691, 275, 1659, 2176, 2675, 21031, 281, 4017, 581, 434, 7185, 285, 973, 14, 11952, 15, 187, 187, 9, 510, 40155, 273, 436, 403, 273, 2282, 990, 13102, 37730, 275, 253, 3569, 15269, 13, 309, 452, 619, 2173, 6849, 327, 3569, 3374, 534, 588, 273, 2282, 9184, 432, 253, 1735, 11191, 404, 296, 15, 380, 8063, 310, 816, 44933, 3686, 273, 3988, 1691, 2366, 407, 2208, 13, 534, 778, 6889, 275, 3986, 285, 2173, 3672, 2698, 187, 187, 42, 1053, 626, 971, 281, 320, 27150, 562, 407, 2455, 31781, 285, 2137, 326, 10308, 4219, 7625, 28, 309, 971, 281, 3153, 1048, 285, 20464, 642, 2647, 752, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 476, 923, 432, 436, 2139, 352, 943, 320, 14004, 1076, 281, 247, 28364, 382, 281, 4089, 6281, 273, 952, 44137, 407, 43650, 390, 17715, 4675, 4750, 13, 3513, 6251, 13, 285, 28090, 1832, 273, 512, 16308, 28, 352, 270, 3180, 16426, 323, 253, 2060, 28364, 382, 15, 6279, 28, 320, 5480, 11697, 13, 9142, 368, 1472, 1234, 790, 917, 323, 4834, 1051, 2858, 1907, 247, 4336, 718, 73, 10270, 13, 44230, 2920, 346, 4037, 25595, 2637, 3, 12046, 4404, 952, 13889, 390, 1146, 4127, 3430, 2920, 1955, 8127, 281, 253, 1891, 723, 273, 12440, 5087, 281, 5752, 731, 310, 11213, 10984, 90, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 1620, 871, 672, 368, 1537, 755, 4352, 407, 667, 1180, 273, 28006, 17507, 10865, 13, 390, 39380, 10145, 273, 12137, 4834, 15, 187, 187, 46361, 12510, 285, 8426, 275, 5948, 403, 9865, 281, 512, 13, 1690, 479, 13, 3103, 309, 513, 1557, 15, 187, 187, 8195, 2181, 1512, 28, 1537, 1057, 417, 1056, 987, 275, 667, 2238, 273, 1524, 28009, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 3095, 38208, 368, 13, 390, 34597, 368, 13, 368, 1871, 1620, 1908, 352, 987, 816, 327, 2395, 273, 253, 14549, 21573, 1146, 8750, 685, 368, 28, 368, 1871, 1908, 352, 3430, 327, 2395, 273, 352, 1146, 3430, 15, 187, 187, 3, 46, 429, 310, 10154, 3, 310, 2032, 275, 326, 253, 3949, 263, 4850, 253, 15695, 3683, 13, 285, 436, 1364, 1900, 320, 12659, 13, 533, 352, 310, 417, 28009, 275, 667, 4217, 3282, 15, 733, 310, 247, 4217, 12616, 323, 253, 3753, 273, 6612, 327, 253, 954, 275, 13961, 1268, 13, 1078, 359, 1265, 8133, 776, 1211, 19868, 273, 2193, 273, 8426, 4830, 5231, 285, 5113, 15, 187, 187, 4241, 422, 28009, 1057, 2226, 13, 3907, 273, 667, 7122, 390, 18892, 8869, 13, 285, 310, 9413, 494, 407, 8249, 14392, 28, 18035, 15, 11706, 13, 2717, 3076, 6569, 465, 21127, 1037, 390, 672, 368, 3150, 984, 273, 752, 368, 858, 37620, 13, 533, 28009, 476, 320, 6888, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 1469, 745, 327, 247, 28196, 627, 2167, 28, 619, 1127, 1060, 369, 326, 352, 434, 24924, 281, 971, 253, 5405, 273, 253, 500, 24895, 281, 4647, 15744, 281, 33895, 15, 187, 187, 42, 588, 11697, 1379, 5018, 281, 4017, 4266, 342, 247, 22657, 285, 690, 1846, 14, 33829, 346, 33151, 7060, 84, 937, 533, 347, 1663, 271, 6880, 273, 436, 13, 309, 588, 671, 23075, 1329, 247, 2208, 285, 5948, 534, 5419, 6419, 25481, 323, 479, 347, 247, 25615, 624, 1411, 6617, 13, 285, 3400, 15394, 6619, 3238, 13, 2190, 643, 4217, 2675, 21031, 281, 4017, 479, 1411, 25926, 15, 187, 187, 8903, 22767, 15, 187, 187, 32234, 36349, 2896, 27, 10118, 44960, 460, 187, 187, 688, 1966, 15272, 13, 26350, 310, 10046, 14896, 187, 187, 4374, 13, 533, 309, 1158, 346, 9072, 254, 3, 943, 320, 908, 275, 247, 1077, 12773, 3282, 15, 38312, 273, 253, 269, 44713, 1057, 417, 7933, 1599, 5788, 273, 253, 13318, 19508, 15, 22606, 4757, 310, 760, 581, 2803, 15, 329, 2266, 10893, 285, 2266, 48455, 476, 564, 247, 1048, 1039, 13, 3340, 323, 776, 3417, 15, 187, 187, 9917, 13, 7960, 18738, 253, 2644, 346, 22732, 310, 987, 3, 38656, 1057, 417, 1056, 581, 25427, 13, 3738, 7960, 26182, 253, 6349, 273, 2675, 26447, 778, 387, 1878, 1361, 247, 1436, 275, 581, 434, 7089, 15, 187, 187, 32234, 36349, 2896, 27, 10118 ]	favoráveis é de 7,16% do total enquanto o uso de robôs no contingente de interações desfavoráveis é de 12,97%. Vale interpretar dois aspectos desses percentuais apontados pelo estudo: de que pelo levantamento feito pela FGV, em relação ao volume de interação de cada grupo (favoráveis e desfavoráveis) mostra que o uso de robôs em favor da exposição é infinitamente menor comparativamente ao volume de apoiadores, e o de robôs contra a exposição é praticamente da mesma escala se comparado ao todo de interações desfavoráveis. Isso mostra que de fato uma imensa maioria que se manifestou era a favor da exposição. Um outro aspecto a ser observado é que segundo o mesmo levantamento, o grupo de apoio à Queermuseu apresenta 'maior diversidade de argumentos' que o grupo contrario a ela, o que parece ser uma evidência de que no grupo contrario, onde se identifica uma imensa maioria de atividades de robôs, há um menor numero de fontes de emissão das interações, apontando para um ataque concatenado e planejado.Q: Dynamic iBeacons and Manual Input of UUIDs I'm working on an app that retrieves iBeacon UUIDs from a backend server, that means there are no hard-coded UUIDs in the app and these IDs are constantly changing. UUIDs can be updated on the backend and the app will receive a new set of UUIDs to monitor for. Based on this post here, Apple is rejecting apps that support manual input of UUIDs and I'm not sure if my app is going to make it to the App store. I would like to hear your feedback if you've gone through this path or have worked on a similar concept and made it through the review process. A: I have also had an app rejected for allowing manual input of ProximityUUIDs. My understanding of Apple's position is that this applies only to transmitting as a beacon, and that it is allowed to have manual user input of ProximityUUIDs for detection purposes. The reason they don't want you to transmit with a manually entered ProximityUUIDs is because it allows creation of an easy hacker tool for "spoofing" other folks' beacons. That said, your use case is different still, because you are getting the ProximityUUIDs from a server, not directly from user input. I have several apps in the AppStore that do exactly this, and it is a common practice, so I don't anticipate it will be a problem for you. Referring physicians' perceived benefits of PACS: a regional survey pre- and post-PACS implementation. Referring physicians in theWestern Health Authority of Newfoundland and Labrador were administered a survey before and after PACS was implemented across all acute sites in the province.The survey had 31.7% and 35.0% response rates, respectively. There was considerable support found for PACS both pre- and post-implementation in the areas of exam access and review, PACS functionality, quality of reports, efficiency, and site-to-site professional consultations.There was limited support that PACS reduced hospital length of stay. Surveys such as the one employed in this study provide an opportunity to measure the perceived benefit and challenges of PACS in a relatively cost effective manner.The universe is neutral and uncaring; there are no divine rewards or punishments for earthly deeds. Nature is inherently violent; things need to feed off of other things, and destroy or kill other things, in order to survive and prosper. In human conflicts, whoever is stronger wins; he destroys his enemy and lives to fight another day. This is the way it works regardless of who was morally right, in the usual sense of morality. This we can altogether say is the Law of the Jungle. As a Satanist, I know that's how the universe works, and I play accordingly. (In many more detailed manners of social interaction and personal advancement there's no need to elaborate on here.) But now, do I want to live in a human society which goes by a philosophy of "might makes right, anything goes, Law of the Jungle"? I will say simply, "no," but with qualifications. "No" because such a society doesn't help my own survival much, it hinders it. As a rational social animal, I want to live in a society which has mechanisms (police, courts, armies,) to protect my freedom. Sure, in a state of nature, and when it REALLY comes down to it all I can rely on is myself to survive against attackers and natural disasters, but why would I want to live day in and day out in constant fear for my life? I will personally take steps to protect myself with a firearm and some common-sense "street smarts," but as really an extension of this, I will also politically support a government and society which punishes criminals for me as a deterrent against crime, and provides disaster relief services, among other useful social constructs to protect me against dangers. I even go so far as to support government policie which help my own survival and well-being in the form of safety regulations and national health insurance. Is this breaking the "Law of the Jungle?" No. It's still recognizing it as fundamentally true, empirically of nature, while putting plans in place to protect ME. It's pragmatic survival. Now those qualifications I talked about; I don't want everyone to survive and get a basic income just because they have a pulse. Criminals and drug-addicts I can immediately single out as being undeserving of most, if not all, (depending on some specifics of crimes) social protections. I still want Lex Talionis implemented in law and punishment. In economic matters, I do generally want companies which fail to fail; creative destruction, better ones will take their place. My point here is that while the universe is uncaring and one needs to know it and act on it, it also behooves one to put in place certain social constructs to protect one's freedom and well-being. (The specifics of this are of course endlessly debated in the political sphere, I have my specific views on political issues which will of course differ from the next Satainst. The principle is just SOME sort of security put together by government, which may vary in reach and specific areas.) I don't want to be wiped out by ever plague and war that stabilizes populations; I want to live long and prosper no matter what. You can see from this why it should be upsetting to a Satanist to hear stories of people harmed by incompetent or corrupt hospital staff, police officers, and bureaucrats of all sorts; it bodes badly for the individual Satanist. Yes; be prepared personally, ultimately you're reponsible for yourself...but having a completely assholy, boastfully "UNCARING" attitude towards people dying or being treated wrongfully due largely to the failings of professionals paid to serve them is foolhardy. You never know when you might get hit by any number of idiot drunk drivers, or falsely accused of crimes yourself. Professional effectiveness and justice in society are valuable to all, including me, therefore I do care. Another thing too; might does not make right in any kind of real morality. If someone robbed you, or raped you, you'd never consider it right just on account of the perpetrator being bigger than you; you'd consider it wrong on account of it being wrong. "Might is Right" is true in that the victor gets the spoils, and this must always be remembered, but it is not morality in any useful sense. It is a useful phrase for the nature of reality on the most inhuman level, before we start putting our own hierarchy of values of justice onto actions and objects. Objective morality does exist, independent of any god or divine creation, and is discoverable by scientific inquiry; ethics. Still, nothing bad happens kharmically or when you die because of what you did morally, but morality can be discovered. I'm going off on a tangent there though; my point here was that it's foolish to want the Law of the Jungle to apply freely to oneself. I will personally take steps to protect myself with a firearm and some common-sense "street smarts," but as really an extension of this, I will also politically support a government and society which punishes criminals for me as a deterrent against crime, and provides disaster relief services, among other useful social constructs to protect me against dangers. Agreed. Originally Posted By: Labyrinthine In human conflicts, whoever is stronger wins Yes, but I think "stronger" should be used in a very liberal sense. Survival of the fittest does not necessarily mean survival of the physically strongest. Physical strength is only one factor. A strong intellect and strong cunning can go a long way, especially for our species. Also, merely accepting the whole "might is right" mentality does not make one mighty, although merely recognizing the importance of social dominance may at least help a person in one's decisions. Originally Posted By: Lab
[ 1511, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 2377, 45994, 3851, 275, 594, 2080, 347, 3318, 72, 9, 89, 4010, 187, 47, 64, 79, 393, 2609, 92, 89, 1743, 2461, 748, 70, 2497, 89, 599, 45, 9, 89, 10, 209, 187, 6602, 2609, 464, 1124, 92, 69, 1217, 9665, 889, 2609, 92, 89, 42465, 835, 581, 25153, 253, 6278, 5230, 273, 253, 2801, 1159, 273, 253, 2330, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 275, 2914, 273, 370, 45, 9, 89, 3822, 380, 3064, 875, 370, 47, 64, 79, 5, 285, 370, 44, 64, 79, 5, 8553, 323, 1896, 14637, 14149, 432, 253, 13737, 273, 253, 4309, 273, 370, 71, 9, 89, 3822, 496, 1055, 13, 581, 23981, 387, 3318, 89, 45, 50101, 89, 8744, 1035, 2461, 12, 18, 14, 89, 10, 45, 14249, 89, 17637, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 21, 61, 2461, 768, 19, 5960, 21, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 4587, 18, 1217, 21, 89, 6643, 187, 61, 1124, 464, 4259, 1217, 21, 94, 10042, 1124, 464, 2461, 1217, 19, 10780, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 94, 50272, 61, 918, 10, 45, 9, 89, 4010, 17, 15, 209, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 47529, 64, 18, 2138, 3954, 359, 1056, 897, 273, 253, 7185, 275, 669, 2461, 5, 281, 3635, 1419, 253, 30179, 407, 4758, 669, 2461, 30, 298, 12, 393, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 724, 285, 3021, 13, 359, 403, 1669, 342, 253, 5150, 323, 253, 2330, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 13, 5150, 3891, 14293, 51, 522, 26471, 8001, 3813, 1764, 1124, 464, 4259, 1217, 21, 94, 10042, 1124, 464, 2461, 1217, 19, 10780, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 4203, 79, 13, 187, 61, 3362, 187, 21, 61, 2461, 768, 19, 5960, 21, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 4587, 18, 30, 17, 13, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 47529, 64, 19, 2138, 4483, 281, 4271, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 47529, 2582, 18, 3851, 342, 253, 5150, 323, 253, 2330, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 13, 3318, 89, 45, 6267, 578, 79, 1603, 89, 38849, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 6643, 18, 14, 89, 10, 45, 24915, 79, 1603, 89, 8744, 79, 45, 578, 79, 1603, 89, 4010, 17, 13, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 47529, 64, 20, 2138, 3692, 5482, 403, 370, 45, 578, 79, 1603, 89, 4010, 418, 1743, 1274, 9, 298, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 889, 918, 20669, 79, 1603, 89, 3822, 496, 1055, 13, 253, 14599, 629, 273, 253, 40598, 5149, 1159, 323, 253, 370, 20, 37, 5, 27957, 310, 1677, 347, 3318, 72, 64, 79, 9, 89, 4010, 47, 64, 79, 61, 2609, 92, 89, 768, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 599, 70, 2497, 89, 599, 45, 64, 79, 1743, 1274, 9, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 889, 918, 14411, 89, 10, 187, 6602, 2609, 464, 1124, 92, 69, 1217, 9665, 94, 393, 2609, 92, 89, 32964, 8247, 281, 253, 370, 91, 5, 4778, 13, 253, 40598, 5149, 1159, 310, 1024, 2797, 275, 697, 2457, 830, 347, 1764, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 91, 7182, 1124, 92, 51, 9, 91, 9783, 91, 4203, 187, 44, 64, 79, 1182, 768, 77, 94, 70, 12886, 1124, 92, 91, 768, 19, 5932, 19, 599, 45, 4932, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 2311, 2026, 79, 1603, 91, 768, 19, 43214, 380, 9373, 38931, 1319, 9909, 875, 253, 5149, 3470, 761, 12239, 253, 9373, 38931, 1319, 875, 253, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 2556, 281, 1764, 565, 64, 17, 2850, 3259, 416, 64, 79, 9, 91, 10, 416, 578, 79, 1603, 91, 10, 18367, 30, 187, 61, 565, 64, 17, 2850, 3259, 611, 64, 79, 611, 578, 79, 2850, 5994, 94, 187, 61, 2609, 92, 89, 768, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 599, 70, 2497, 89, 599, 45, 64, 79, 1743, 1274, 9, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 889, 918, 14411, 89, 10, 187, 61, 2609, 92, 89, 768, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 599, 70, 2497, 89, 599, 45, 578, 79, 2850, 5994, 4799, 1274, 9, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 889, 918, 14411, 89, 10, 187, 9665, 14680, 3005, 578, 9866, 2850, 5994, 8633, 1157, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 2156, 64, 20, 69, 64, 23435, 2138, 835, 370, 18367, 30, 69, 61, 2609, 92, 89, 3363, 380, 14120, 403, 1024, 1677, 407, 669, 4259, 64, 79, 30, 19, 9, 19, 79, 12, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 20, 1217, 19, 17137, 380, 1921, 323, 534, 253, 2330, 13, 285, 417, 253, 9826, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 5420, 275, 253, 2900, 273, 253, 370, 20, 37, 5, 27957, 310, 326, 253, 12336, 10254, 13, 370, 77, 1366, 4419, 247, 14189, 4764, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 380, 9946, 13112, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 36, 3941, 4894, 2442, 313, 32448, 1386, 582, 370, 55, 9, 83, 4010, 2249, 1124, 92, 32462, 768, 19, 5932, 83, 3363, 380, 3576, 2442, 313, 23706, 1386, 582, 370, 55, 578, 11801, 1603, 83, 4010, 2249, 1124, 92, 32462, 768, 19, 5932, 83, 9213, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 83, 768, 19, 4018, 3797, 253, 16195, 267, 11394, 15, 3856, 370, 32462, 768, 19, 4203, 740, 5, 285, 370, 77, 30, 18, 1352, 1447, 29255, 49016, 36, 3941, 4894, 45662, 29255, 49016, 36, 3941, 4894, 15, 793, 910, 3429, 568, 24, 986, 187, 187, 688, 436, 19087, 359, 1263, 253, 9946, 13112, 13, 534, 310, 247, 767, 14, 2915, 985, 11253, 273, 581, 19025, 285, 581, 6488, 15, 380, 5016, 310, 17886, 407, 253, 34008, 2442, 13, 1764, 1968, 92, 36, 3941, 4894, 29255, 1624, 94, 187, 55, 9, 83, 4010, 2249, 1124, 92, 32462, 768, 19, 5932, 83, 2023, 393, 3362, 1503, 30, 18, 11227, 347, 8653, 275, 2667, 15, 575, 1447, 29255, 49016, 36, 3941, 4894, 4207, 4974, 46306, 253, 6158, 5150, 323, 253, 2442, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 10859, 16104, 4940, 3546, 51, 3851, 5644, 281, 1764, 1968, 92, 14739, 36, 3941, 4894, 94, 187, 2249, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 94, 748, 51, 9, 91, 17637, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 91, 768, 19, 27825, 187, 61, 1124, 92, 19, 1217, 91, 10780, 4259, 61, 918, 10, 416, 9, 91, 4010, 17, 1337, 3362, 1182, 30, 5784, 11227, 835, 253, 2978, 4311, 370, 69, 1366, 556, 644, 6777, 347, 253, 39878, 83, 9941, 13, 370, 69, 30, 73, 63, 19, 16, 1035, 1906, 50276, 70, 63, 19, 4244, 285, 669, 4259, 5, 9572, 323, 669, 4259, 30, 19, 3996, 16, 70, 63, 19, 1352, 844, 403, 1469, 281, 8415, 436, 5150, 407, 2097, 273, 271, 4569, 4778, 19137, 15, 496, 1340, 281, 1089, 352, 359, 806, 1263, 253, 20185, 3879, 273, 253, 5482, 387, 1097, 6510, 285, 23579, 15, 1198, 6486, 370, 91, 5, 253, 6158, 5150, 310, 39406, 35993, 347, 370, 2911, 91, 393, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 599, 51, 9, 91, 17637, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 91, 5960, 374, 428, 187, 61, 4259, 1182, 61, 918, 10, 416, 9, 91, 4010, 17, 11227, 1223, 2822, 253, 6510, 13, 835, 370, 51, 9, 17, 4010, 17, 1366, 285, 370, 18, 16, 91, 14193, 18, 16, 91, 63, 19, 5, 581, 9010, 1764, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 94, 748, 14, 393, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 91, 768, 19, 3080, 918, 10, 416, 9, 91, 1572, 9887, 470, 4700, 380, 6158, 5150, 476, 320, 14042, 407, 247, 1159, 273, 253, 1511, 13, 370, 51, 9, 91, 4010, 91, 768, 85, 3363, 831, 651, 4656, 370, 85, 5, 281, 370, 85, 30, 77, 12, 18, 1366, 285, 370, 85, 11468, 77, 1366, 2975, 15, 380, 1273, 2900, 310, 417, 12207, 984, 352, 310, 417, 6486, 387, 253, 6510, 13, 285, 359, 403, 1669, 342, 253, 806, 581, 15, 10209, 359, 1263, 253, 370, 91, 61, 4287, 61, 3259, 5, 20185, 2900, 15, 496, 436, 1083, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 14739, 36, 3941, 4894, 3851, 4916, 3318, 2249, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 599, 51, 9, 91, 7182, 4259, 416, 9, 91, 11127, 1284, 1048, 347, 359, 1060, 403, 6110, 275, 253, 3033, 3054, 13, 370, 393, 4259, 654, 470, 1366, 534, 8322, 281, 1764, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 599, 51, 9, 91, 4587, 14766, 4259, 93, 416, 9, 91, 4010, 17, 4700, 380, 6158, 5150, 310, 14042, 407, 370, 51, 9, 91, 4010, 27681, 1743, 2609, 44851, 4259, 1040, 94, 91, 724, 285, 370, 51, 9, 91, 4010, 27681, 12886, 2609, 44851, 4259, 1040, 94, 91, 3363, 1284, 1048, 347, 359, 971, 253, 5149, 1159, 281, 564, 281, 5058, 323, 1781, 370, 91, 1366, 253, 806, 2900, 556, 281, 320, 11511, 15, 10209, 581, 2544, 4903, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 14739, 36, 3941, 4894, 3851, 2556, 281, 3318, 91, 30, 71, 9, 89, 7182, 1124, 92, 89, 2704, 6165, 50276, 2023, 393, 3362, 393, 6165, 50276, 30, 19, 61, 2609, 44851, 4259, 93, 8633, 1157, 187, 61, 3362, 416, 61, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 89, 2704, 6165, 11153, 918, 4010, 72, 9, 89, 13941, 1157, 209, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 21448, 64, 17151, 5267, 2138, 835, 253, 2803, 370, 19, 5, 556, 644, 2668, 323, 16397, 15, 831, 11026, 1764, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 9665, 768, 19, 94, 748, 72, 9, 89, 17637, 1274, 9, 428, 393, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 89, 768, 19, 35729, 1124, 92, 18, 94, 187, 464, 2609, 44851, 4259, 24800, 1269, 10780, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 21, 889, 918, 10, 305, 9, 89, 4010, 17, 15, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 89, 64, 19012, 2138, 21525, 715, 2395, 253, 3451, 20185, 3879, 4950, 1840, 13, 253, 2900, 273, 253, 6158, 5150, 476, 320, 8025, 347, 370, 72, 9, 89, 4010, 89, 768, 77, 12, 18, 94, 70, 12886, 1124, 92, 89, 1217, 19, 599, 45, 9, 89, 3822, 496, 906, 13, 581, 23981, 387, 1764, 1968, 92, 14739, 688, 24274, 94, 187, 89, 45, 50101, 89, 38849, 19, 77, 12, 18, 12, 18, 14, 89, 10, 45, 14249, 89, 8744, 45, 9, 89, 1572, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 18, 94, 187, 464, 2609, 44851, 4259, 1040, 27825, 77, 14, 18, 61, 918, 10, 426, 17, 4615, 11227, 534, 30150, 342, 253, 5150, 3891, 47529, 2582, 20, 3851, 323, 253, 2330, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 2530, 669, 1637, 426, 18, 1366, 669, 2461, 426, 19, 77, 12, 18, 1366, 285, 669, 2260, 426, 79, 1352, 2726, 436, 275, 2564, 352, 310, 3477, 281, 12654, 326, 1764, 4259, 578, 13307, 45881, 1124, 92, 18, 18424, 79, 12, 77, 12, 18, 7415, 19, 32964, 4568, 11822, 253, 5426, 273, 11443, 4259, 426, 374, 3996, 16, 70, 63, 19, 17673, 359, 4044, 253, 6637, 347, 1764, 1968, 92, 35515, 41, 10120, 3404, 297, 3378, 79, 94, 187, 38, 578, 13307, 45881, 1124, 92, 70, 768, 21, 889, 1906, 1217, 19, 61, 13861, 63, 551, 19, 1603, 79, 12, 77, 12, 18, 7415, 19, 32964, 2058, 326, 3924, 581, 13067, 370, 47, 30, 79, 12, 77, 12, 18, 5, 347, 253, 8624, 6318, 1180, 13, 285, 36683, 326, 1223, 370, 79, 5, 476, 320, 667, 1327, 14, 12373, 7007, 13, 253, 12336, 10254, 310, 11096, 281, 247, 6486, 1180, 273, 2193, 2556, 281, 370, 77, 30, 47, 14, 18, 14, 79, 1366, 3318, 77, 30, 17, 13, 18, 13, 19, 22561, 427, 14, 18, 4700, 496, 1055, 13, 581, 9010, 253, 973, 1929, 44877, 6127, 275, 253, 6637, 273, 253, 9946, 13112, 13, 370, 38, 578, 13307, 45881, 1124, 92, 70, 768, 21, 889, 1906, 1217, 19, 61, 13861, 768, 19, 94, 47, 768, 19, 12460, 4495, 326, 669, 6165, 370, 7024, 327, 370, 79, 1352, 380, 2900, 323, 253, 14599, 5150, 209, 575, 7748, 14739, 688, 24274, 3851, 310, 840, 7945, 347, 1764, 1124, 92, 72, 9, 89, 9783, 89, 889, 8275, 209, 187, 61, 4144, 578, 79, 298, 1603, 89, 4010, 36, 578, 79, 298, 94, 1269, 768, 77, 94, 70, 12886, 1124, 92, 89, 1217, 19, 599, 45, 4932, 19, 77, 12, 18, 20669, 47, 14, 77, 14, 18, 1603, 89, 16489, 835, 897, 556, 644, 1160, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 4612, 8616, 14 ]	type in Eq. (\[substi\]) in so far as $$g(x)= N_n \sqrt{x^{\beta }e^{-x}}L(x) /\sqrt{\frac{d}{dx}\sqrt{x}},$$ where one recognizes the square root of the weight function of the associated Laguerre polynomials in front of $L(x)$. The difference between $N_n$ and $K_n$ accounts for possible constants emerging from the inverse of the derivative of $f(x)$. In effect, one arrives at $$xL''(x)+(\beta+1-x)L'(x)+\left( \frac{4\beta^{2}-4l(l+1)-1}{4x}+ \frac{\epsilon}{4} -\frac{\beta}{2}-\frac{1}{2} \right)L(x)=0. \label{Lag_1}$$ Now we make use of the freedom in $\beta$ to nullify the singularity by setting $\beta= l+ \frac{1}{2}$ and thus, we are left with the equation for the associated Laguerre polynomials, equation (\[lagRaposo\]). Therefore $$\frac{\epsilon}{4} -\frac{\beta}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=n, \quad 4\beta^{2}-4l(l+1)-1=0, \label{Lag_2}$$ allows to identify Eq. (\[Lag\_1\]) with the equation for the associated Laguerre polynomials, $$xL''_{n}(x)+(l+\frac{1}{2}+1-x)L'_{n}(x)+nL_{n}(x)=0, \label{Lag_3}$$ whose solutions are $L_{n}(x)= L^{\left( l+\frac{1}{2}\right)}_{n}(x)$. In effect, the radial part of the Schrödinger wave function for the $3D$ oscillator is given as $$g_n(x)=N_n\sqrt{x^{l+\frac{1}{2}}e^{-x}}L_n^{\left(l+\frac{1}{2}\right)}(x) /\sqrt{\frac{d}{dx} \sqrt{x}}.$$ Back to the $z$ variable, the Schrödinger wave function is now obtained in its final form as $$\psi_n(z)=\frac{R(z)}{z}= K_n z^{l}e^{-\frac{z^{2}}{2}}L^{(l+\frac{1}{2})}_{n}(z^{2}).$$ The orthogonality integral between the wave functions recovers the orthogonality between the Laguerre polynomials according to $$\int_0^\infty R_n(z) R_{n}(z)dz= \int_0^\infty K_n K_{n^\prime} \sqrt{x^{l+\frac{1}{2}}e^{-x}}L_n^{\left(l+\frac{1}{2}\right)}(x) \sqrt{x^{l+\frac{1}{2}}e^{-x}}L_{n^\prime}^{\left(l+\frac{1}{2}\right)}(x) dx =\delta_{nn^\prime}\, , \label{orth_3d_HO}$$ where $dz=d\sqrt{x}$. The energies are now given by $\epsilon_n=2(2n+l+\frac{3}{2})$. The reason for which the associated, and not the ordinary Laguerre polynomials appeared in the solution of the $3D$ oscillator is that the angular momentum, $l$, requires a polynomial parameter. ### The hydrogen atom. ![Coulomb potential (dashed line), $V(r)=-\frac{Ze^{2}}{r}$. The effective potential (solid line), $V_{eff}(r)=-\frac{Ze^{2}}{r}+\frac{l(l+1)}{r^{2}}$ includes the centrifugal barrier. Here $Ze^{2}=10$ and $l=1$.\[PotencialCoulomb\]](PotencialCoulomb.ps){width="7"} In this subsection we study the hydrogen atom, which is a two-body system consisting of one proton and one electron. The interaction is governed by the Coulomb potential, $$\label{CoulombPotential} V(r)=-\frac{Ze^{2}}{r}, \quad Z=1,$$ as displayed in Fig. \[PotencialCoulomb\]. Substituting the latter equation for the potential in Eq. (\[SchrodingerEnR\]) leads to $$\label{EqCoulomb} -\frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2} }R(z)+\left( \frac{l(l+1)}{z^{2}}- \frac{2}{z}-\epsilon\right) R(z)=0,\quad z=rd,$$ where the length scale $d$, has been chosen as the Bohr radius, $d=h^2/(\mu e^2)$, and $\epsilon$ stands for $\epsilon=2Ed/e^2$. We are going to solve this equation by means of an appropriate variable substitution. In order to find it we first study the asymptotic behavior of the solutions at both origin and infinity. For finite $z$ the latter equation is equivalently rewritten as $$-z \frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2}}R(z)+\left( \frac{l(l+1)}{z}- 2 - \epsilon z\right) R(z)=0,$$ while near the origin, where $R(0)=0$, and $1/z<<1/z^2$ one finds $$\left( \frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2} }- \frac{l(l+1)}{z^{2}}\right) R(z)\approx 0.$$ The latter equation can be solved by a function of the type, $R(z)=z^{t}$. This would restrict $t$ to $t=l+1$, and $t=-l$, respectively. The second solution is not acceptable because it is not finite at the origin, and we are left with the first one. Next we study the $z\rightarrow\infty$ asymptotic solution. In this case Eq. (\[EqCoulomb\]) becomes $$-\frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2}}R(z)=\epsilon R(z).$$ As long as we here are interested in the bound states, $ \epsilon < 0$, which amounts to $$\frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2}}R(z)- \|\epsilon\| R(z)=0.$$ The latter equation is solved by $R(z)=Ce^{\sqrt{\|\epsilon \|}z}$ and $R(z)=Ce^{-\sqrt{\|\epsilon \|}z}$. As long as we want the wave function to go to zero for large $z$, the first solution has to be dismissed. Next one changes variables in Eq. (\[EqCoulomb\]) according to $$z=f(x)=\frac{x}{\kappa }, \quad \kappa =2\sqrt{\|\epsilon\|}\, , \quad R\left( \frac{x}{\kappa }\right)=g(x)\, , \label{fx_Hydr}$$ where the factor $2$ has been taken for convenience. This yields $$\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2} }g(x)+\left( - \frac{l(l+1)}{x^{2}}+\frac{1} {\sqrt{\|\epsilon\|} x}-\frac{1}{4}\right) g(x)=0. \label{x_factor}$$ Taking into account the correct asymptotic behavior revealed above, the solution of the latter equation can be assumed as $g(x)=x^{l+1}e^{-\frac{x}{2}}L(x)$. In result, one arrives at $$\label{EqInRs} xL''(x)+(2l+1+1-x)L'(x)+L(x)\left( \frac{1} {\sqrt{\|\epsilon \|}}-l-1\right) =0\,,$$ which coincides with the equation (\[Lag\_3\]) for the associated Laguerre polynomials provided $\alpha =1$, $\beta =2l+1$, and $\lambda =n$. With this in mind it is easy to verify that $$\epsilon_{nl}=-\frac{1}{(n+l+1)^{2}}.$$ Recalling the definition of ($\epsilon = 2Ed/e^2$), we obtain the spectrum as $$\label{EnergyHydAtomWithn} E_{nl}=-\frac{e^{4}\mu}{2\hbar^ {2}(n+l+1)^{2}}.$$ At that stage one defines $N=n+l+1$ as the principal quantum number, and realizes that while $n$ can be any non-negative integer, the angular momentum is restricted to a finite number of values according to $l=N-1-n$, $$l=0,1,2,..., N-1.$$ In effect, one finds the well known degeneracy patterns in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom, $E_{nl}=-\frac{e^{4}\mu}{2\hbar^{2}N^{2}}$, meaning that $\kappa $ depends on $n$. The solution for the radial equation (\[EqInRs\]) is then concluded as $$\frac{g(x)}{x}\equiv \psi_{n l}(x)=C_{n l} x^{l}e^{-\frac{x}{2}}L^{(2l+1)}_{N-l-1}(x),$$ where use has been made of Eq. (\[DefPsi-
[ 6809, 481, 187, 187, 1394, 457, 620, 4366, 627, 310, 773, 11387, 668, 390, 773, 3074, 668, 4438, 15, 844, 971, 281, 3297, 1561, 9872, 984, 359, 971, 281, 3037, 670, 20721, 13, 417, 253, 2571, 15, 3954, 359, 812, 897, 253, 7879, 8990, 281, 2086, 33866, 6184, 247, 12190, 273, 941, 533, 359, 651, 452, 281, 861, 598, 323, 2289, 10149, 3966, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 457, 84, 816, 513, 352, 253, 3158, 285, 3477, 1039, 323, 1024, 15, 11075, 41684, 1066, 253, 3186, 3239, 8479, 747, 1543, 281, 320, 10607, 15, 3771, 1978, 41684, 323, 247, 1048, 1223, 1919, 368, 452, 1142, 7223, 273, 8692, 15, 187, 187, 4125, 897, 247, 3158, 36408, 273, 16872, 281, 10013, 253, 15975, 2505, 323, 5162, 15, 12278, 1527, 253, 16872, 9667, 275, 634, 9882, 313, 30936, 14, 16956, 14, 43, 275, 21722, 481, 367, 4740, 436, 275, 285, 2315, 10871, 27, 187, 187, 5, 313, 29996, 85, 8775, 14, 1156, 8, 13441, 3711, 313, 1159, 6734, 551, 1091, 370, 964, 13970, 313, 370, 313, 436, 13441, 2505, 313, 1228, 3706, 748, 13441, 755, 22193, 6604, 313, 346, 187, 187, 3, 2387, 187, 187, 1785, 306, 4052, 29484, 84, 187, 187, 10004, 512, 253, 3453, 285, 5321, 352, 281, 247, 1873, 15, 844, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 4908, 4495, 432, 436, 2505, 15, 18741, 326, 359, 971, 253, 5667, 5083, 6221, 3304, 594, 359, 878, 281, 5386, 3000, 534, 651, 36815, 432, 390, 35689, 253, 17718, 15, 23017, 285, 1408, 253, 1563, 8135, 6001, 327, 634, 1873, 281, 5386, 2936, 5200, 13, 11771, 13283, 14610, 13, 285, 1214, 14, 420, 621, 15, 187, 187, 43511, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 346, 84, 49033, 3202, 259, 12, 60, 1157, 3202, 964, 3202, 3736, 12114, 1163, 6038, 605, 72, 3, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 49033, 61, 88, 23547, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 21225, 61, 88, 12, 60, 19049, 4880, 865, 34417, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 21225, 61, 88, 23547, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 16, 14985, 15, 16705, 5180, 5032, 12, 1380, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 16, 14985, 15, 16705, 5180, 5032, 23547, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 16, 3614, 18346, 5180, 5032, 12, 1380, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 16, 3614, 18346, 5180, 5032, 23547, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 187, 187, 1231, 457, 620, 897, 253, 416, 10717, 3448, 281, 1408, 9400, 5481, 949, 14310, 290, 47340, 1876, 4341, 313, 45, 4877, 481, 3856, 403, 253, 7437, 273, 2127, 281, 10173, 731, 15, 187, 187, 6407, 3301, 253, 28311, 13, 581, 327, 1016, 1386, 15, 1583, 588, 1016, 320, 2783, 1355, 773, 47878, 668, 323, 9400, 5481, 13, 285, 403, 1691, 2366, 715, 247, 773, 49017, 316, 1425, 187, 187, 17921, 313, 8456, 46788, 10, 6335, 313, 20583, 10, 28311, 12630, 1213, 9148, 313, 1239, 34320, 313, 17882, 3967, 16, 936, 16, 85, 664, 1507, 15, 10134, 8, 12062, 346, 187, 187, 3, 2387, 15098, 12630, 9537, 316, 313, 17811, 7781, 313, 85, 664, 1507, 1228, 187, 187, 1992, 15338, 16656, 2346, 1624, 10575, 359, 588, 5386, 3523, 3000, 13, 1355, 3000, 285, 643, 843, 902, 316, 15, 380, 5780, 3000, 403, 8424, 1314, 15, 187, 187, 7064, 78, 15, 8519, 12630, 1618, 313, 281, 12973, 426, 24420, 1157, 5386, 49, 10593, 2368, 426, 24420, 1157, 5386, 45972, 426, 24420, 1157, 3523, 12113, 426, 260, 313, 3523, 12113, 313, 346, 6955, 5757, 3, 12062, 3523, 12113, 313, 346, 257, 3, 2387, 582, 45030, 426, 24420, 1157, 3159, 10830, 84, 426, 260, 313, 495, 1157, 346, 2050, 3, 12062, 42428, 426, 2801, 53, 71, 10, 187, 187, 9301, 359, 1924, 253, 1307, 37102, 591, 3389, 275, 247, 23507, 4315, 285, 873, 598, 3602, 15, 831, 310, 247, 773, 22738, 14, 1171, 14, 12113, 668, 2746, 326, 35136, 253, 28146, 273, 14683, 15, 187, 187, 1033, 10788, 15, 7064, 78, 12630, 15027, 18919, 18507, 313, 49017, 13, 1453, 426, 19641, 78, 15, 8519, 10, 19641, 78, 12630, 347, 15, 6674, 313, 1033, 10788, 15, 7064, 78, 10, 966, 313, 7064, 78, 10, 12630, 346, 18743, 3, 11571, 357, 12630, 23507, 15, 7064, 78, 370, 3317, 7886, 370, 26746, 1852, 45947, 690, 9990, 2905, 281, 253, 941, 873, 27, 399, 12630, 2978, 313, 49017, 10, 1852, 1180, 273, 7177, 411, 12630, 2978, 313, 87, 406, 357, 10, 1852, 1180, 273, 2426, 275, 253, 11571, 357, 5474, 15, 3985, 12630, 4194, 52, 7640, 313, 7064, 78, 10, 1852, 1180, 273, 21761, 591, 3389, 427, 12630, 2020, 313, 7152, 15, 3985, 10, 1852, 2264, 1180, 273, 21761, 275, 253, 941, 1307, 15, 18163, 12630, 847, 52, 7640, 313, 7064, 78, 10, 1852, 11383, 273, 2426, 275, 253, 20689, 1852, 353, 42970, 285, 1566, 25184, 3602, 27, 611, 12630, 1384, 443, 12630, 29067, 9765, 12630, 470, 15, 2640, 1162, 66, 12630, 470, 15, 2640, 187, 187, 11888, 253, 1307, 11383, 359, 3177, 281, 1089, 9959, 390, 3000, 326, 5257, 281, 820, 14, 30714, 15, 831, 310, 253, 629, 326, 1663, 22649, 12989, 275, 28311, 15, 187, 187, 4, 40632, 253, 1566, 27, 6335, 313, 392, 66, 10, 298, 1473, 15, 5423, 12630, 826, 377, 314, 313, 337, 1163, 295, 736, 313, 7064, 78, 582, 1159, 313, 74, 10, 551, 5474, 41122, 12630, 246, 313, 7064, 78, 60, 74, 13, 3291, 1978, 398, 12630, 5474, 41122, 2239, 470, 391, 13245, 313, 313, 470, 1163, 313, 295, 2052, 313, 7064, 78, 10, 428, 337, 39705, 60, 39160, 1092, 246, 313, 7064, 78, 60, 74, 13, 3291, 60, 39160, 62, 2387, 748, 2387, 4944, 12630, 298, 1473, 15, 14641, 13395, 15, 72, 487, 1768, 15, 22163, 17407, 313, 7177, 426, 298, 1473, 15, 5423, 13, 611, 426, 611, 13, 11571, 357, 426, 11571, 357, 13, 930, 15, 2562, 569, 426, 443, 13, 9765, 426, 9765, 13, 1162, 66, 426, 1162, 66, 13, 3302, 426, 5812, 1157, 5451, 249, 426, 470, 1157, 11897, 15, 2808, 15, 7513, 10202, 426, 24420, 2387, 187, 187, 10971, 10358, 253, 9400, 1566, 715, 271, 18366, 24426, 326, 359, 588, 9186, 342, 776, 1966, 30328, 15, 187, 187, 3124, 12630, 246, 313, 4647, 313, 8491, 370, 3389, 64, 2204, 84, 559, 9765, 13, 374, 1157, 1159, 313, 89, 10, 1269, 1227, 2020, 313, 89, 10689, 815, 74, 12630, 246, 313, 4647, 313, 246, 313, 8491, 370, 12989, 10, 559, 1162, 66, 13, 374, 1157, 1159, 313, 89, 10, 1269, 1227, 2020, 313, 89, 10689, 6335, 313, 45, 4877, 4534, 10, 1852, 2794, 253, 13922, 1789, 281, 3997, 253, 24426, 27, 14113, 12630, 2794, 17635, 313, 815, 74, 426, 815, 74, 13, 39116, 426, 39116, 13, 5474, 15, 3985, 426, 5474, 15, 3985, 13, 11571, 357, 426, 11571, 357, 13, 1307, 15, 18163, 426, 1307, 15, 18163, 10, 1151, 10395, 313, 8456, 10, 187, 187, 4769, 323, 253, 794, 15, 3856, 457, 84, 247, 37617, 273, 253, 12989, 5189, 275, 1755, 28311, 1907, 253, 1852, 2203, 41035, 356, 15, 309, 452, 4236, 9400, 1180, 655, 281, 923, 253, 4294, 273, 253, 3000, 3304, 15, 17766, 309, 873, 253, 17200, 7982, 32968, 1698, 281, 2770, 327, 3000, 326, 403, 10879, 14288, 275, 253, 9400, 2581, 685, 10879, 275, 253, 20689, 347, 247, 2644, 15, 187, 187, 7992, 25031, 45734, 187, 187, 510, 12989, 476, 320, 8921, 15, 1310, 597, 403, 1512, 29784, 285, 8921, 352, 3164, 2097, 253, 941, 369, 417, 10481, 22269, 390, 253, 3410, 369, 1512, 1355, 15, 1292, 253, 625, 368, 1007, 18893, 9050, 253, 625, 368, 457, 620, 923, 247, 2238, 273, 14165, 9317, 387, 789, 8871, 562, 3000, 342, 247, 12264, 5533, 15, 187, 187, 3404, 436, 1127, 253, 11333, 452, 2218, 616, 2628, 285, 352, 310, 673, 323, 441, 281, 320, 10995, 347, 7497, 15, 1281, 479, 2940, 368, 949, 849, 309, 1160, 3282, 273, 253, 12989, 323, 253, 1852, 2203, 41035, 356, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 1016, 5189, 9400, 309, 457, 620, 1618, 253, 2022, 3159, 13, 253, 10450, 309, 15629, 342, 253, 9400, 13, 285, 253, 643, 2201, 3000, 3304, 326, 18107, 619, 6803, 15, 187, 187, 510, 806, 313, 3125, 13859, 10, 9400, 310, 260, 1432, 311, 272, 952, 281, 1611, 941, 3580, 15, 733, 35520, 253, 11990, 285, 3158, 1255, 13, 285, 849, 253, 2900, 588, 773, 25919, 668, 1841, 13, 1056, 368, 38144, 13, 285, 7001, 70, 634, 12145, 15, 5718, 13, 2285, 13, 1924, 13, 6194, 13, 19444, 13, 9678, 13, 1959, 13, 4076, 13, 5004, 13, 2813, 13, 8644, 13, 3158, 13, 12145, 13, 38144, 187, 187, 5872, 359, 452, 253, 313, 20027, 35573, 10, 9400, 13, 512, 670, 13201, 272, 17057, 285, 1943, 2567, 22898, 15, 5347, 13, 13201, 13, 18875, 13, 36620, 13, 923, 6426, 13, 2954, 13, 9469, 13, 27776, 13, 17899, 13, 701, 13, 5352, 13, 4021, 13, 3187, 187, 187, 510, 313, 14609, 5915, 1042, 10, 9400, 13330, 342, 326, 14731, 533, 671, 342, 1327, 14, 2163, 12745, 5511, 5511, 13, 37598, 13, 385, 735, 13, 3186, 13, 3984, 13, 3048, 13, 24190, 13, 2972, 13, 13630, 13, 8028, 13, 3159, 13, 6335, 13, 5931, 13, 4498, 13, 9798, 13, 9400, 13, 3379, 187, 187, 8836, 7664, 670, 941, 13, 285, 253, 313, 37168, 16319, 10, 9400, 310, 2120, 273, 6152, 8364, 13, 3988, 10953, 3013, 13, 285, 849, 1199, 352, 4815, 441, 512, 15, 6152, 13, 4352, 13, 18230, 13, 6254, 13, 12980, 254, 13, 4665, 13, 1966, 13, 3120, 13, 8171, 13, 8119, 13, 10309, 13, 9238, 13, 6363, 13, 2105, 187, 187, 4527, 2282, 368, 476, 457, 85, 452, 1852, 2203, 1293, 313, 35, 2431, 481, 25998, 359, 457, 250, 773, 69, 31041, 668, 275, 352, 285, 352, 457, 84, 247, 2336, 7116, 773, 48212, 1806, 533, 773, 88, 319, 668, 352, 310, 594, 1943, 15, 4491, 13, 14593, 13, 3986, 13, 2389, 13, 2118, 13, 277, 2924, 13, 6874, 13, 22964, 13, 39361, 187, 187, 510, 313, 2795, 13766, 4037, 7400, 10, 9400, 13330, 342, 8113, 285, 2502, 14, 12022, 19414, 275, 253, 17836, 15, 1422, 476, 417, 760, 1488, 2134, 941, 13, 368, 476, 320, 247, 941, 6963, 15, 4328, 14, 3169, 13, 8474, 13, 4647, 13, 574, 24318, 13, 1287, 13, 9302, 13, 16263, 13, 16518, 13, 878, 13, 1488, 2134, 13, 8113, 13, 24799, 13, 9580, 13, 6963, 13, 7368, 13, 18794, 13, 3511, 13, 1900, 13, 17836, 13, 2502, 187, 187, 5872, 359, 452, 313, 7941, 5543, 52, 10, 285, 616, 2330, 4517, 3000, 15, 6491, 971, 281, 2281, 731, 285, 1056, 7089, 15, 2281, 13, 4517, 13, 3135, 13, 7060, 13, 5956, 13, 3998, 13, 3061, 13, 11723, 13, 2770, 13, 2032, 13, 2173, 13, 5233, 13, 6617, 13, 5145, 13, 12232, 13, 1557, 13, 11104, 13, 2469, 13, 4760, 13, 4833, 13, 3110, 187, 187, 7161, 284, 5107, 369, 670, 10995, 11182, 285, 1612, 13, 313, 2350, 55, 5656, 7669, 10, 310, 625, 670, 17279, 4628, 15, 329, 15, 76, 15, 66, 15, 4274, 3938, 272, 38671, 13, 5277, 9172, 13, 285, 3483, 3006, 15, 16230, 13, 13296, 13, 9865, 13, 9868, 13, 7236, 13, 3662, 13, 941, 14, 17477, 13, 9092, 13, 751, 13, 12085, 13, 3772, 13, 9305, 13, 2740, 13, 872, 301, 13, 1448, 400, 13, 3483, 74, 13, 2899, 13, 5127, 74, 13, 5981, 187, 187, 37188, 253, 7681, 7794, 359, 452, 313, 1843, 33044, 10, 12739, 15, 28856, 4817, 390, 5339, 13, 6382, 1005, 670, 24589, 285, 39063, 15, 4481, 13, 1569, 13, 2312, 26209, 13, 13398, 13, 5649, 13, 10838, 74, 13, 5321, 13, 15661, 13, 2098, 13, 14568, 1792, 13, 42347, 13, 13791, 13, 5159, 13, 1509, 13, 4549, 13, 17119, 13, 18622, 13, 2965, 13, 1685, 13, 2983, 2756, 187, 29758, 318, 5761, 9872, 982, 4561, 407, 418, 4877, 10313, 8921, 13, 4536, 12264, 10291, 275, 28311, 15, 187, 187, 2513, 436, 17854, 32, 15997, 1199, 594, 15, 1292, 309, 717, 12203, 323, 36703, 6611, 267, 15975, 5289, 13, 285, 690, 12989, 476, 320, 9648, 38662, 15, 309, 452, 1408, 436, 1232 ]	tag). You’ll notice there is “Top” or “All” mode. We want to stay within Top because we want to learn about winners, not the others. Now we could use the Twitter API to programmatically download a bunch of data but we would have to sign up for access keys etc. Let’s just do it the quick and easy way for now. Start scrolling down the search page causing new results to be loaded. Just keep scrolling for a long while until you have many pages of info. Now use a quick snippet of JavaScript to grab the tweet text for processing. Pop open the JavaScript console in your browser (Cmd-Option-J in Chrome). Paste this in and press Enter: $ ( '.tweet-text' ). map ( function () { return $ . trim ( $ ( this ). text ()) ; } ). get (). join ( " " ) Revealing Patterns Select all the output and save it to a file. We’re going to extract meaning from this text. Remember that we want the essential truth contained inside so we need to remove words which would distract from or skew the essence. Save and run the following shell script on your file to remove urls, competing hash tags, and @-mentions. perl -p -i -e "s/@ \\ w+[ , \\ . \\ ? \" :']//g" $1 perl -p -i -e 's/@\w+$//g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/#\w+[ ,\.\?":]//g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/#\w+$//g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/pic.twitter[^ ]+ //g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/pic.twitter[^ ]+$//g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/https?:[^ ]+ //g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/https?:[^ ]+$//g' $1 We’ll use the R programming language to run topic detection through Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Here are the pieces of code to calculate them. First load the tweets, one on each line. They will each be considered small “documents” for topic detection, and are put together into a “corpus.” library (jsonlite) library (tm) tweets <- strsplit ( readLines ( '/path/to/tweets.txt' ), " " ) corp <- Corpus ( VectorSource (tweets)) To minimize inconsequential variations we will remove stop words, small words and other detritus. The remaining words are stemmed. dtm.control <- list ( tolower = TRUE , removePunctuation = TRUE , removeNumbers = TRUE , stopwords = c ( stopwords ( "SMART" ), stopwords ( "en" )), stemming = TRUE , wordLengths = c ( 3 , "inf" ), weighting = weightTf) Next we record the term occurrences per document in a sparse matrix and set up parameters. This is a “bag-of-words” approach that ignores the grammar of sentences. sparse.dtm <- DocumentTermMatrix (corp, control = dtm.control) dtm <- as.matrix (sparse.dtm) class (dtm) <- "integer" vocab <- sparse.dtm $ dimnames $ Terms # Compute some statistics related to the data set: D <- length (corp) # number of documents W <- length (vocab) # number of terms in the vocab doc.length <- rowSums (dtm) # number of tokens per document N <- sum (doc.length) # total number of tokens in the data term.frequency <- colSums (dtm) # frequencies of terms in the corpus # MCMC and model tuning parameters: K <- 20 G <- 5000 alpha <- 0.02 eta <- 0.02 Using the term frequencies we attempt to find clusters or words that tend to co-occur. This is the part that really identifies topics in tweets. # Fit the model: library (lda) lda.input <- lapply ( 1 : nrow (dtm), function (i) { docfreq <- t (dtm[i,]) keepers <- docfreq > 0 rbind ( ( 0 : ( ncol (dtm) - 1 ))[keepers], t (dtm[i,])[keepers] ) } ) fit <- lda.collapsed.gibbs.sampler ( documents = lda.input, K = K, vocab = vocab, num.iterations = G, alpha = alpha, eta = eta, initial = NULL , burnin = 0 , compute.log.likelihood = TRUE ) Finally plug the topic model into an interactive visualization that we will examine with our human intuition. theta <- t ( apply (fit $ document_sums + alpha, 2 , function (x) x / sum (x))) phi <- t ( apply ( t (fit $ topics) + eta, 2 , function (x) x / sum (x))) library (LDAvis) # create the JSON object to feed the visualization: json <- createJSON ( phi = phi, theta = theta, doc.length = doc.length, vocab = vocab, term.frequency = term.frequency) serVis (json) Time for the fun. Here’s a screenshot of the topics detected in top tweets having the #data hashtag. I have selected topic number 19 to see the frequency of the words inside. Notice I set the relevance metric slider low to focus on words that are frequent exclusively in the topic rather than frequent in the corpus as a whole. Extracting Meaning The topics can be strange. If they are too chaotic and strange it probably means the data was not sufficiently cleaned or the sample was too small. But the more you look coherent categories the more you’ll see a kind of alien logic at work picking out words with a psychological bond. At this point the algorithms have done their job and it is time for us to be creative as humans. Let me walk you through how I made sense of the topics for the #data hashtag. For each detected topic I’ll list the main word, the feelings I associate with the topic, and the other major words inside that guided my assessment. The first (TRIAL) topic is cajoling people to try data products. It emphasizes the ease and quickness, and how the solution will “unlock” things, make you smarter, and amaze your boss. storage, team, record, train, unlock, sport, free, clean, bottom, device, amazing, quick, boss, smarter Then we have the (CAPITAL) topic, all about disrupting industries and big company speculation. capital, disrupt, venture, checkout, seeker, relationship, patent, airline, google, bet, fresh, double, fund The (BITCOIN) topic deals with that currency but also with non-monetary communication communication, blah, exvers, search, speak, link, bitcoin, block, discount, listen, word, library, chain, song, teach, topic, print People worry about data, and the (BREACH) topic is full of credit cards, security compromises, and how much it costs us all. credit, hit, compromise, driver, uber, interpret, human, card, replace, commission, hardware, neutral, pool, cost Of course you can’t have #data without (BIG). Apparently we’re “drowning” in it and it’s a veritable “lake,” but “wow” it is so big. industry, lake, reach, love, move, drown, session, loyalty, wow The (OPPORTUNITY) topic deals with vision and red-hot engineers in the valley. You can not only wrangle data, you can be a data king. location-based, senior, apply, hadoop, develop, succeed, hire, engineer, need, wrangle, vision, creator, gather, king, cluster, kingdom, hot, always, valley, red Then we have (BRANDS) and their associated trust words. People want to rate them and make decisions. rate, trust, begin, smart, comfort, brain, decision, healthcare, focus, true, specific, rapid, crime, machine, vital, care, attribute, past, player, influence, patient Whereas opportunity was about creative struggle and power, (ADVANTAGE) is more about reassurance. A.k.a. debunking myths, providing answers, and strategizing. advertis, myth, valuable, password, fuel, answer, data-driven, tip, like, competitive, autom, raw, break, provid, deliv, strategi, integr, analysi, format Beyond the technical aspects we have (LEGAL) implications. Laws passed or killed, policities about encryption and telecommunications. phone, law, talktalk, combine, benefit, energi, save, stolen, plan, summari, encrypt, communicate, kill, pass, appeal, backup, transit, fall, bus, attack Observation Two Topics generated by LDA reveal strange, sometimes psychological connections in tweets. Is this subjective? Very much so. But I am searching for archetypal tweet structures, and some topics can be fairly conclusive. I have run this process
[ 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 7332, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 68, 2861, 10719, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 19875, 88, 11732, 1838, 9679, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 81, 30183, 10689, 187, 186, 2309, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 37, 89, 9270, 24921, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 260, 7676, 373, 1041, 540, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 37, 89, 9270, 24921, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 68, 7676, 373, 1041, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 19877, 280, 27229, 43123, 31325, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 288, 67, 2503, 388, 14609, 13820, 13, 268, 431, 8975, 475, 34415, 13, 19858, 52, 1433, 17466, 4770, 1237, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 19877, 280, 27229, 43123, 31325, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 38057, 2503, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 377, 85, 8975, 9679, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 52, 1433, 17466, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 19877, 280, 1044, 3561, 32012, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 288, 67, 2503, 388, 14609, 13820, 13, 19858, 52, 1433, 17466, 4770, 1237, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 19877, 280, 1044, 3561, 32012, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 38057, 2503, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 52, 1433, 17466, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 25582, 17986, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 268, 25582, 18246, 475, 14279, 46, 64, 42706, 3489, 64, 24289, 2025, 6117, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 25582, 17986, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 81, 25582, 18246, 10689, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 12205, 11756, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 19858, 11756, 4770, 1237, 13, 268, 87, 11756, 418, 5077, 24859, 1838, 13, 34795, 11756, 4770, 1237, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 12205, 11756, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 11756, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 45270, 11756, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 11316, 11756, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 14422, 21056, 9, 23985, 11732, 1838, 4770, 1237, 13, 299, 14422, 21056, 20091, 46, 64, 5648, 4290, 5707, 7656, 1647, 10, 551, 187, 186, 21299, 37, 28386, 14422, 21056, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 11732, 1838, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 70, 14422, 21056, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 53, 7851, 21056, 9, 23985, 11732, 1838, 4770, 1237, 13, 269, 27265, 7301, 13, 31048, 53, 7851, 19784, 7999, 10, 551, 187, 186, 21299, 37, 28386, 53, 7851, 21056, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 11732, 1838, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 30342, 1992, 30529, 9, 71, 27265, 9679, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 6395, 431, 53, 7851, 10689, 187, 186, 2309, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 39512, 22585, 264, 12205, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 2303, 20091, 46, 3125, 19038, 13190, 64, 15122, 1703, 37058, 4290, 64, 31613, 10, 551, 187, 186, 21299, 37, 28386, 39512, 22585, 264, 12205, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 7831, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 2447, 15905, 1044, 3561, 32012, 9, 73, 1044, 3561, 32012, 2618, 388, 3886, 5529, 35, 1322, 3077, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 2447, 15905, 1044, 3561, 32012, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 1044, 3561, 32012, 2618, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 11241, 1044, 3561, 32012, 18401, 9, 73, 1044, 3561, 32012, 2618, 388, 3886, 5529, 35, 1322, 3077, 13, 268, 14543, 18401, 475, 14279, 46, 64, 3886, 5529, 35, 1322, 3077, 64, 32969, 6366, 9785, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 11241, 1044, 3561, 32012, 18401, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 1044, 3561, 32012, 2618, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 431, 79, 18401, 10689, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 1552, 3929, 310, 271, 32491, 432, 39628, 25181, 953, 13, 619, 1457, 2816, 7717, 1682, 23708, 1984, 15, 187, 187, 47277, 13454, 15799, 3916, 326, 253, 1682, 1039, 281, 5115, 752, 359, 971, 275, 1495, 1128, 35777, 715, 1805, 5281, 13, 3652, 247, 5547, 2136, 13, 32196, 625, 285, 29124, 1679, 13, 9100, 625, 673, 342, 3858, 285, 2021, 1128, 261, 281, 873, 2173, 13, 49353, 7342, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 1142, 1107, 13, 436, 369, 849, 309, 13781, 619, 16964, 1512, 15, 5815, 581, 369, 247, 4736, 281, 320, 4925, 15, 309, 873, 7342, 323, 253, 23129, 309, 3078, 281, 755, 275, 2143, 13, 323, 253, 13461, 309, 3078, 281, 8488, 275, 253, 17409, 13, 323, 253, 16256, 309, 3078, 281, 6233, 275, 2136, 15, 309, 17288, 387, 247, 1643, 13, 533, 309, 4242, 387, 247, 2257, 273, 731, 15, 25010, 13, 309, 3407, 281, 8968, 326, 619, 1543, 574, 1077, 1652, 281, 513, 342, 253, 7342, 309, 873, 285, 4829, 3253, 281, 513, 342, 253, 2718, 309, 3560, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 247, 8690, 13, 634, 4736, 1537, 320, 281, 3330, 247, 15730, 15, 5402, 985, 310, 253, 1039, 368, 12438, 3773, 13, 8722, 634, 13372, 19418, 13, 285, 2589, 3946, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 271, 23721, 13, 634, 4736, 1537, 320, 281, 1973, 247, 3041, 14, 35523, 2136, 15, 5402, 985, 310, 849, 368, 1071, 1885, 5697, 13, 16263, 6171, 13, 285, 1408, 9137, 18120, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 247, 26650, 13, 634, 4736, 1537, 320, 281, 1132, 247, 747, 5313, 15, 5402, 985, 310, 849, 2223, 368, 3946, 13, 849, 368, 2740, 1066, 285, 18915, 2834, 5593, 13, 285, 634, 1332, 323, 6883, 8680, 432, 634, 30498, 15, 187, 187, 4125, 323, 253, 4722, 1953, 27, 604, 368, 4336, 12841, 634, 7342, 285, 7106, 760, 327, 634, 985, 13, 651, 368, 1335, 9302, 32, 1198, 1650, 13, 604, 368, 497, 247, 14648, 8690, 285, 368, 12841, 634, 4736, 281, 3330, 247, 15730, 285, 7106, 760, 327, 752, 634, 2285, 1057, 387, 3946, 1016, 1388, 13, 651, 368, 1335, 755, 1543, 32, 187, 187, 42, 1158, 368, 651, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4736, 275, 667, 9678, 310, 281, 8416, 342, 253, 1682, 4868, 13, 533, 352, 651, 320, 19082, 281, 6947, 253, 2644, 2165, 17303, 387, 253, 4868, 4697, 15, 380, 760, 1039, 281, 2686, 3330, 310, 281, 755, 1805, 1016, 1388, 15, 496, 253, 3000, 273, 1264, 14, 2606, 6053, 19466, 13688, 7641, 36360, 13, 773, 510, 4868, 3936, 1557, 273, 3139, 1425, 380, 1072, 310, 2032, 323, 643, 3672, 273, 1495, 15, 1310, 368, 971, 1805, 1543, 13, 840, 7740, 670, 4758, 7342, 15, 27529, 327, 634, 985, 3185, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 513, 309, 1599, 407, 436, 32, 6272, 7342, 4336, 19437, 32, 4683, 2282, 417, 15, 3617, 932, 403, 1175, 323, 4758, 247, 3884, 13, 533, 2718, 403, 1682, 323, 2403, 4780, 15, 329, 17167, 273, 3237, 12893, 672, 368, 6947, 1512, 1199, 673, 4680, 670, 634, 7342, 285, 417, 2217, 673, 20462, 634, 2718, 15, 187, 187, 36798, 1852, 18, 27, 411, 12947, 285, 3897, 398, 452, 253, 1072, 7342, 15, 187, 187, 6826, 267, 4758, 27171, 432, 247, 4092, 1083, 273, 14229, 15306, 8492, 15, 844, 21364, 327, 253, 952, 665, 990, 598, 9880, 1128, 783, 19404, 1128, 395, 49294, 5467, 326, 24683, 7342, 3977, 281, 616, 2323, 1223, 37159, 512, 273, 253, 952, 665, 574, 253, 1072, 8103, 533, 1904, 457, 85, 9302, 15, 187, 187, 8267, 10406, 757, 5605, 281, 3330, 247, 5328, 19358, 15, 6000, 7431, 5605, 281, 755, 253, 2628, 15, 1244, 604, 5547, 285, 28008, 952, 3894, 253, 1072, 7342, 13, 840, 253, 4736, 2550, 320, 752, 1027, 28032, 253, 20721, 432, 253, 3897, 398, 15, 733, 3589, 457, 85, 253, 4736, 273, 9880, 253, 11997, 372, 6181, 326, 4198, 5911, 253, 4782, 25053, 1346, 281, 253, 1755, 273, 253, 9678, 15, 3327, 40224, 13, 597, 574, 3078, 281, 3330, 253, 5492, 1046, 807, 1078, 1128, 6309, 751, 1046, 643, 5702, 2285, 15, 380, 4736, 574, 1900, 644, 627, 15, 733, 369, 760, 672, 597, 9009, 247, 985, 273, 5415, 1355, 11701, 326, 597, 6786, 247, 1027, 6454, 15, 187, 187, 36798, 1852, 19, 27, 41541, 1382, 247, 4736, 310, 760, 247, 2774, 552, 1818, 15, 187, 187, 38989, 368, 452, 247, 36396, 2316, 285, 368, 873, 247, 4736, 281, 4076, 352, 15, 1310, 368, 23439, 253, 2341, 281, 49031, 598, 13, 840, 368, 588, 452, 247, 4076, 2316, 1128, 1542, 1024, 15, 1292, 604, 368, 6558, 253, 1072, 1499, 45695, 13, 3584, 14, 9296, 16964, 326, 3977, 281, 247, 36396, 2316, 275, 253, 806, 1659, 13, 3517, 368, 457, 620, 320, 2819, 387, 247, 747, 19176, 273, 502, 12216, 285, 11525, 323, 1529, 12948, 273, 16038, 15, 1422, 457, 250, 1669, 31702, 253, 1072, 6454, 984, 368, 1620, 4391, 253, 985, 3212, 352, 15, 1422, 4127, 247, 19831, 1293, 15974, 253, 2847, 15, 187, 187, 34, 2942, 1382, 247, 4736, 760, 2544, 634, 1495, 323, 253, 2774, 15, 2064, 457, 84, 253, 4828, 565, 48714, 2181, 670, 7756, 15, 844, 1158, 359, 878, 281, 1818, 776, 1543, 13, 533, 253, 1543, 403, 417, 253, 1895, 15, 1737, 359, 1663, 878, 281, 1818, 403, 253, 2718, 326, 2847, 1110, 1543, 15, 2091, 368, 8415, 3237, 387, 253, 1543, 1268, 13, 368, 760, 8415, 731, 20220, 15, 496, 1340, 281, 3157, 323, 1175, 13, 368, 878, 281, 8415, 3237, 387, 253, 2718, 1268, 15, 22360, 253, 14800, 285, 253, 18012, 588, 4993, 3746, 15, 187, 187, 36798, 1852, 20, 27, 3617, 932, 4656, 634, 15704, 15, 187, 187, 510, 15424, 9376, 3212, 667, 4736, 310, 436, 27, 773, 10758, 309, 3986, 619, 4736, 13, 840, 309, 457, 620, 320, 5211, 1425, 380, 1895, 342, 247, 7342, 14, 7053, 38656, 310, 326, 368, 457, 250, 23265, 8133, 15704, 745, 1919, 253, 1735, 41457, 15, 309, 457, 306, 19347, 715, 436, 15464, 594, 1142, 2069, 309, 457, 306, 3663, 1385, 15, 1198, 1107, 13, 15704, 369, 1900, 1633, 323, 619, 2852, 1881, 281, 4264, 15, 309, 12316, 4266, 326, 2378, 309, 12103, 6818, 12511, 273, 6616, 390, 846, 619, 2136, 369, 12819, 275, 253, 1457, 2816, 7717, 13, 840, 309, 812, 4720, 7921, 15, 187, 187, 20964, 13, 7342, 2794, 271, 773, 26597, 14, 263, 668, 7344, 27, 2057, 368, 5115, 634, 4736, 285, 403, 5547, 390, 368, 1891, 285, 368, 403, 247, 27531, 15, 1422, 23198, 3817, 4834, 715, 247, 6891, 2715, 273, 15704, 15, 831, 310, 3731, 26960, 15, 733, 310, 11543, 326, 634, 4588, 1854, 949, 1495, 588, 3761, 253, 3242, 9455, 368, 574, 275, 2564, 672, 368, 873, 562, 15, 733, 2789, 642, 3282, 281, 4656, 634, 13212, 281, 581, 10076, 672, 627, 403, 1142, 11865, 281, 2323, 15, 187, 187, 34, 2718, 14, 7053, 38656, 3400, 253, 46053, 1584, 15, 2091, 368, 2965, 275, 2389, 342, 253, 1232, 2581, 685, 253, 1885, 13, 368, 1053, 457, 85, 452, 281, 3343, 281, 1918, 4834, 9214, 281, 320, 5211, 15, 1422, 476, 320, 10048, 28537, 634, 985, 310, 3515, 15, 1244, 247, 985, 476, 320, 5547, 275, 1142, 1027 ]	uintptr(gt), uintptr(cContacts), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pdwPointerID)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pPoints))) return } func DwmSetDxFrameDuration(hWnd HWND, cRefreshes int) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetDxFrameDuration.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(cRefreshes)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmSetIconicLivePreviewBitmap(hWnd HWND, hbmp HBITMAP, pptClient POINT, dwSITFlags uint32) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetIconicLivePreviewBitmap.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(hbmp), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pptClient)), uintptr(dwSITFlags)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmSetIconicThumbnail(hWnd HWND, hbmp HBITMAP, dwSITFlags uint32) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetIconicThumbnail.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(hbmp), uintptr(dwSITFlags)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmSetPresentParameters(hWnd HWND, pPresentParams DWM_PRESENT_PARAMETERS) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetPresentParameters.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pPresentParams))) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmSetWindowAttribute(hWnd HWND, dwAttribute uint32, pvAttribute LPCVOID, cbAttribute uint32) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetWindowAttribute.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(dwAttribute), uintptr(pvAttribute), uintptr(cbAttribute)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmShowContact(dwPointerID uint32, eShowContact DWM_SHOWCONTACT) { procDwmShowContact.Call( uintptr(dwPointerID), uintptr(eShowContact)) return } func DwmTetherContact(dwPointerID uint32, fEnable bool, ptTether POINT) { procDwmTetherContact.Call( uintptr(dwPointerID), uintptr(BoolToBOOL(fEnable)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&ptTether))) return } func DwmTransitionOwnedWindow(hWnd HWND, target DWMTRANSITION_OWNEDWINDOW_TARGET) { procDwmTransitionOwnedWindow.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(target)) return } func DwmUnregisterThumbnail(hThumbnailId HTHUMBNAIL) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmUnregisterThumbnail.Call( uintptr(hThumbnailId)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmUpdateThumbnailProperties(hThumbnailId HTHUMBNAIL, ptnProperties *DWM_THUMBNAIL_PROPERTIES) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmUpdateThumbnailProperties.Call( uintptr(hThumbnailId), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(ptnProperties))) return HRESULT(ret) } This article is an excerpt from Atomic Habits, my New York Times bestselling book. Prevailing wisdom claims that the best way to achieve what we want in life—getting into better shape, building a successful business, relaxing more and worrying less, spending more time with friends and family—is to set specific, actionable goals. For many years, this was how I approached my habits too. Each one was a goal to be reached. I set goals for the grades I wanted to get in school, for the weights I wanted to lift in the gym, for the profits I wanted to earn in business. I succeeded at a few, but I failed at a lot of them. Eventually, I began to realize that my results had very little to do with the goals I set and nearly everything to do with the systems I followed. If you’re a coach, your goal might be to win a championship. Your system is the way you recruit players, manage your assistant coaches, and conduct practice. If you’re an entrepreneur, your goal might be to build a million-dollar business. Your system is how you test product ideas, hire employees, and run marketing campaigns. If you’re a musician, your goal might be to play a new piece. Your system is how often you practice, how you break down and tackle difficult measures, and your method for receiving feedback from your instructor. Now for the interesting question: if you completely ignored your goals and focused only on your system, would you still succeed? For example, if you were a basketball coach and you ignored your goal to win a championship and focused only on what your team does at practice each day, would you still get results? I think you would. The goal in any sport is to finish with the best score, but it would be ridiculous to spend the whole game staring at the scoreboard. The only way to actually win is to get better each day. In the words of three-time Super Bowl winner Bill Walsh, “The score takes care of itself.” The same is true for other areas of life. If you want better results, then forget about setting goals. Focus on your system instead. What do I mean by this? Are goals completely useless? Of course not. Goals are good for setting a direction, but systems are best for making progress. A handful of problems arise when you spend too much time thinking about your goals and not enough time designing your systems. Problem #1: Winners and losers have the same goals. Goal setting suffers from a serious case of survivorship bias. We concentrate on the people who end up winning—the survivors—and mistakenly assume that ambitious goals led to their success while overlooking all of the people who had the same objective but didn’t succeed. Every Olympian wants to win a gold medal. Every candidate wants to get the job. And if successful and unsuccessful people share the same goals, then the goal cannot be what differentiates the winners from the losers. It wasn’t the goal of winning the Tour de France that propelled the British Cyclists to the top of the sport. Presumably, they had wanted to win the race every year before—just like every other professional team. The goal had always been there. It was only when they implemented a system of continuous small improvements that they achieved a different outcome. Problem #2: Achieving a goal is only a momentary change. Imagine you have a messy room and you set a goal to clean it. If you summon the energy to tidy up, then you will have a clean room—for now. But if you maintain the same sloppy, pack-rat habits that led to a messy room in the first place, soon you’ll be looking at a new pile of clutter and hoping for another burst of motivation. You’re left chasing the same outcome because you never changed the system behind it. You treated a symptom without addressing the cause. Achieving a goal only changes your life for the moment. That’s the counterintuitive thing about improvement. We think we need to change our results, but the results are not the problem. What we really need to change are the systems that cause those results. When you solve problems at the results level, you only solve them temporarily. In order to improve for good, you need to solve problems at the systems level. Fix the inputs and the outputs will fix themselves. Problem #3: Goals restrict your happiness. The implicit assumption behind any goal is this: “Once I reach my goal, then I’ll be happy.” The problem with a goals-first mentality is that you’re continually putting happiness off until the next milestone. I’ve slipped into this trap so many times I’ve lost count. For years, happiness was always something for my future self to enjoy. I promised myself that once I gained twenty pounds of muscle or after my business was featured in the New York Times, then I could finally relax. Furthermore, goals create an “either-or” conflict: either you achieve your goal and are successful or you fail and you are a disappointment. You mentally box yourself into a narrow version of happiness. This is misguided. It is unlikely that your actual path through life will match the exact journey you had in mind when you set out. It makes no sense to restrict your satisfaction to one scenario when there are many paths to success. A systems-first mentality provides the antidote. When you fall in love with the process rather than the product, you don’t have to wait to give yourself permission to be happy. You can be satisfied anytime your system is running. And a system can be successful in many different
[ 15175, 31804, 4742, 11889, 2563, 1392, 555, 90, 6421, 1440, 1392, 87, 6841, 10751, 7961, 257, 13586, 365, 3592, 4998, 480, 255, 76, 312, 11889, 15, 33867, 249, 278, 2880, 2966, 2381, 48155, 1578, 770, 40467, 1392, 27082, 12198, 442, 14906, 3371, 262, 28709, 25685, 5256, 24339, 571, 266, 1061, 1136, 86, 22516, 22516, 13, 42845, 4530, 3273, 13401, 43579, 8483, 1392, 13401, 49144, 17366, 314, 1440, 15175, 246, 1657, 6156, 266, 25685, 5256, 2788, 16564, 1484, 2496, 22516, 347, 292, 2788, 339, 22516, 15, 17644, 1538, 8483, 1392, 13401, 14366, 893, 66, 295, 44885, 25685, 5256, 24339, 292, 30287, 297, 900, 251, 8729, 1578, 770, 15175, 2177, 532, 1105, 21204, 1392, 1484, 29662, 8729, 22865, 2503, 5781, 25685, 5256, 38334, 15, 187, 22653, 19637, 31138, 1219, 1634, 187, 37515, 6841, 383, 6841, 246, 18453, 6841, 278, 2880, 2966, 17685, 8429, 311, 17062, 13, 29348, 4530, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 8729, 8215, 27, 79, 340, 28993, 26307, 4164, 5719, 360, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 258, 3467, 316, 327, 642, 249, 3925, 5847, 290, 85, 571, 6429, 647, 1342, 21685, 10424, 1479, 13589, 383, 1392, 13, 8729, 31804, 4742, 42468, 465, 1240, 3354, 87, 17366, 42468, 34715, 303, 24339, 292, 49659, 1208, 85, 900, 9226, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 42454, 408, 1392, 299, 400, 12271, 8485, 5781, 15779, 437, 37364, 29662, 15, 11090, 5719, 360, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 1323, 66, 4988, 257, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 8729, 8215, 27, 79, 42454, 408, 1392, 726, 83, 75, 303, 21204, 2381, 2577, 90, 3354, 268, 1368, 75, 47796, 13586, 5309, 4631, 74, 1111, 76, 461, 1432, 4002, 8729, 1218, 384, 3093, 1479, 290, 9673, 4230, 5309, 770, 1432, 4002, 22865, 2503, 571, 5796, 652, 86, 6362, 13, 5269, 2995, 437, 30160, 1162, 86, 6362, 8729, 546, 26159, 16288, 1479, 413, 66, 963, 2381, 4904, 1479, 7381, 6362, 15, 187, 52, 4692, 29197, 4927, 22516, 13, 20463, 246, 44885, 327, 1465, 2381, 6421, 620, 36825, 13, 29348, 4530, 256, 15175, 2649, 30024, 27029, 864, 85, 1392, 1222, 257, 3273, 13401, 1407, 382, 15175, 362, 24470, 682, 11895, 81, 647, 5738, 2827, 414, 48931, 821, 19606, 85, 2788, 1914, 396, 39402, 256, 375, 571, 8952, 14, 8729, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 12850, 1914, 7684, 47796, 15, 187, 52, 2689, 466, 18940, 585, 466, 187, 58, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 8729, 8215, 27, 79, 4164, 5719, 360, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 258, 3467, 316, 327, 340, 965, 8429, 80, 1059, 6429, 647, 1342, 21685, 10424, 1479, 13589, 383, 1392, 15, 11090, 78, 38766, 27029, 2503, 43722, 11889, 21814, 571, 45536, 8083, 249, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 327, 4927, 22516, 716, 384, 1392, 21380, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 28574, 864, 85, 15175, 76, 16564, 30687, 404, 87, 17366, 11889, 4164, 5719, 328, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 6156, 1479, 307, 38334, 15, 473, 5025, 4927, 22516, 9951, 6841, 383, 6841, 1767, 34715, 303, 24339, 257, 8429, 311, 17062, 13, 29348, 4530, 4927, 249, 1392, 3478, 78, 2056, 7684, 522, 26826, 1059, 1790, 483, 8962, 255, 1465, 21380, 661, 1105, 21964, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 14, 8729, 256, 375, 571, 19337, 526, 262, 13, 3371, 6077, 28574, 864, 3024, 21964, 30287, 297, 1595, 580, 41376, 6673, 26407, 505, 19953, 8729, 7027, 1261, 3024, 21964, 4164, 78, 8952, 1479, 290, 9673, 268, 15175, 296, 2381, 22289, 13460, 1479, 307, 24339, 571, 4164, 1342, 4123, 37577, 328, 8729, 1775, 18524, 465, 2338, 257, 5914, 44918, 1790, 2995, 307, 16189, 1058, 73, 770, 18453, 21964, 465, 383, 1392, 6584, 1392, 37080, 384, 3703, 384, 10225, 571, 877, 85, 936, 6529, 5741, 15, 31790, 12784, 1392, 11889, 465, 1000, 266, 3478, 78, 2056, 7684, 522, 26826, 1059, 45079, 34715, 460, 292, 246, 10573, 580, 507, 66, 21685, 80, 864, 40408, 40380, 4462, 266, 256, 375, 571, 21728, 292, 258, 2804, 438, 292, 15, 187, 59, 15379, 386, 284, 11960, 7090, 1767, 261, 187, 76, 343, 75, 455, 14899, 15, 428, 313, 20072, 10, 473, 5025, 1775, 5781, 278, 928, 85, 1392, 31234, 29045, 268, 2381, 1767, 1392, 76, 343, 75, 24968, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 42454, 11889, 21685, 10424, 1479, 41564, 412, 303, 24339, 257, 12910, 13077, 45205, 17062, 15, 367, 2381, 1767, 1392, 76, 343, 75, 25445, 327, 4285, 76, 770, 1392, 6584, 1392, 7684, 571, 13, 480, 1238, 257, 642, 75, 18524, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 340, 28993, 39660, 2381, 4164, 5719, 86, 39483, 14302, 3273, 74, 1407, 292, 1392, 15, 10283, 249, 1392, 44918, 28574, 5792, 292, 21964, 2495, 74, 13, 20463, 278, 1479, 1392, 965, 44996, 339, 36825, 34715, 303, 38334, 22616, 18889, 13, 480, 23909, 3273, 13401, 355, 4530, 66, 594, 652, 893, 66, 12865, 14750, 1392, 90, 339, 384, 12354, 13, 480, 20531, 327, 546, 3549, 78, 1392, 11889, 37080, 248, 257, 34715, 303, 24339, 15959, 15, 12829, 14750, 1392, 656, 3273, 13401, 3371, 384, 5781, 256, 2886, 864, 13, 20463, 17069, 10468, 267, 4631, 292, 1111, 76, 461, 1432, 255, 8729, 21685, 899, 45161, 32617, 1821, 3592, 1392, 87, 12271, 30287, 297, 1595, 25183, 1162, 86, 6362, 13, 3371, 8727, 425, 45079, 295, 1920, 85, 460, 292, 6429, 267, 1886, 86, 38334, 4695, 27029, 384, 1914, 15, 16251, 21206, 5503, 8919, 13401, 25130, 2966, 262, 3592, 1392, 21380, 44918, 256, 2886, 864, 13, 20463, 246, 44885, 1484, 28954, 34715, 24439, 1323, 9720, 35926, 48238, 37364, 438, 292, 246, 1657, 6169, 44044, 1392, 24889, 31511, 570, 4002, 8729, 1616, 5914, 522, 15175, 84, 1190, 282, 396, 39402, 340, 28993, 39660, 17685, 16816, 45456, 18453, 261, 4415, 1578, 7438, 5985, 22516, 10709, 42089, 37364, 29662, 13, 945, 1906, 29662, 8729, 41665, 750, 249, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 1392, 29348, 413, 87, 6077, 256, 15175, 2649, 30024, 355, 489, 6077, 13, 8729, 7684, 522, 26826, 1059, 34715, 43236, 2827, 414, 261, 383, 1392, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 30637, 340, 28993, 261, 383, 1392, 49137, 382, 24339, 17062, 15, 187, 33467, 378, 928, 266, 187, 30476, 27, 79, 49659, 1208, 85, 900, 9226, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 258, 3467, 316, 6429, 647, 1342, 4164, 5719, 360, 782, 76, 2610, 8727, 327, 3925, 5847, 290, 85, 571, 15, 3189, 301, 6841, 8483, 1392, 13401, 4927, 22516, 31023, 5985, 1392, 945, 33542, 2902, 266, 362, 518, 5781, 5796, 652, 10441, 257, 826, 324, 328, 34823, 358, 14899, 31234, 620, 1392, 355, 18524, 15, 322, 412, 303, 18524, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 42454, 11889, 21685, 10424, 1479, 41564, 412, 303, 24339, 257, 43681, 49245, 383, 1392, 1407, 382, 18453, 1405, 4164, 5719, 780, 266, 41409, 87, 5738, 35926, 48238, 382, 312, 18524, 402, 459, 2503, 1914, 1718, 842, 1914, 288, 49376, 307, 442, 5616, 11889, 3478, 2188, 6077, 8429, 311, 6077, 8628, 386, 85, 571, 15, 322, 412, 303, 24339, 5021, 1125, 1464, 266, 44918, 362, 1240, 49906, 2902, 266, 355, 266, 963, 17685, 34968, 1944, 2381, 9226, 258, 2804, 24339, 1914, 402, 13511, 5781, 13, 44044, 15175, 78, 21964, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 21685, 16692, 76, 461, 24339, 257, 10709, 42089, 37364, 41245, 7684, 47796, 8729, 44918, 13, 340, 28993, 561, 412, 400, 86, 316, 6156, 255, 303, 24339, 257, 7897, 74, 21432, 13, 362, 1240, 49906, 2902, 266, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 39483, 14302, 15, 1623, 44918, 4285, 76, 770, 1392, 87, 15175, 13, 20463, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 396, 76, 518, 297, 614, 266, 247, 339, 785, 66, 362, 1240, 49906, 1464, 266, 256, 455, 303, 18524, 5303, 1407, 382, 15175, 1484, 316, 571, 355, 27521, 442, 5741, 13, 23382, 34715, 303, 38334, 268, 9045, 266, 31234, 1767, 1392, 2649, 2381, 17685, 15, 3689, 328, 278, 928, 383, 6841, 74, 1484, 438, 5021, 34715, 303, 24339, 5021, 1125, 1464, 266, 1323, 66, 2902, 266, 44044, 15175, 1616, 76, 2610, 4002, 81, 15175, 19089, 1392, 13, 278, 1479, 1392, 246, 782, 80, 770, 5781, 247, 9623, 4904, 66, 826, 324, 2788, 4530, 1301, 571, 5796, 652, 86, 6362, 8729, 18282, 274, 1301, 571, 10709, 42089, 37364, 316, 6156, 255, 303, 24339, 571, 13, 8729, 4927, 22516, 11737, 257, 49635, 12271, 2381, 3433, 666, 293, 785, 66, 15, 187, 42, 91, 1945, 328, 34445, 5830, 80, 4033, 395, 3737, 187, 76, 343, 75, 455, 14899, 15, 428, 313, 1410, 10, 34441, 6841, 383, 249, 246, 18453, 6841, 355, 27521, 6933, 8429, 311, 17062, 13, 29348, 4530, 4164, 5719, 360, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 258, 3467, 316, 327, 3925, 5847, 290, 85, 571, 6429, 647, 1342, 632, 1479, 13589, 383, 1392, 15, 308, 36383, 1392, 34715, 303, 24339, 5021, 11737, 351, 16189, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 298, 1550, 15175, 69, 1392, 2649, 2381, 17685, 12910, 307, 24560, 571, 13, 42845, 4530, 45079, 42454, 1440, 18453, 21204, 2381, 7373, 1392, 256, 15175, 2649, 30024, 27029, 864, 85, 18453, 11889, 44044, 15175, 78, 885, 22516, 2563, 1392, 80, 2804, 41245, 1906, 4530, 11889, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 1144, 18453, 885, 22516, 15, 530, 316, 571, 294, 50161, 46550, 1323, 682, 266, 13, 8729, 632, 1479, 290, 9673, 9432, 5309, 770, 1432, 4002, 8729, 1111, 76, 461, 1432, 4002, 13586, 75, 5503, 266, 22865, 2503, 571, 5796, 652, 86, 6362, 8729, 12662, 80, 6362, 13, 42845, 4530, 8429, 311, 383, 16189, 1407, 36825, 87, 12271, 5269, 528, 39903, 87, 5738, 8729, 3371, 384, 47476, 963, 2381, 4904, 1479, 7381, 22289, 26535, 297, 885, 257, 8628, 386, 249, 3478, 2188, 6077, 8429, 311, 6077, 15, 187, 52, 2275, 505, 757, 24640, 249, 34239, 86, 187, 31775, 1479, 4530, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 21685, 10424, 1479, 41564, 412, 24439, 327, 16288, 1479, 413, 66, 12910, 20938, 465, 19014, 31234, 10120, 437, 14899, 13, 396, 327, 1407, 382, 656, 1945, 293, 13, 480, 20531, 1323, 5781, 396, 39402, 1484, 316, 571, 35926, 48238, 261, 19558, 661, 571, 44044, 1392, 24889, 842, 1914, 8729, 1616, 76, 2610, 4002, 81, 15175, 14107, 7684, 47796, 20463, 44918, 22865, 78, 1342, 10709, 42089, 37364, 41245, 8729, 945, 1906, 41245, 7684, 47796, 15, 611, 1765, 11825, 266, 7684, 522, 86, 10424, 22616, 18889, 31234, 656, 249, 1323, 1136, 307, 21685, 10424, 1479, 2477, 358, 782, 76, 2610, 5741, 425, 8962, 1519, 293, 86, 14302, 618, 580, 307, 292, 328, 34715, 303, 24339, 257, 2715, 246, 335, 24560, 6736, 15, 10283, 249, 1392, 327, 465, 2338, 257, 5914, 4172, 770, 1392, 21380, 45994, 27772, 461, 303, 571, 1484, 438, 382, 24339, 257, 1407, 382, 18453, 885, 22516, 15, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 327, 12910, 307, 3592, 2623, 30687, 455, 8727, 298, 1550, 15175, 69, 1392, 2649, 2381, 21964, 256, 43953, 518, 16564, 8215, 27, 79, 1718, 80, 1944, 4002, 6502, 33542, 2381, 375, 86, 41245, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 21685, 899, 45161, 2381, 739, 1392, 13, 278, 1479, 1392, 1407, 9609, 1440, 15175, 8485, 580, 86, 263, 10225, 571, 281, 38498, 3784, 29074, 8215, 27, 77, 893, 15, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 396, 76, 518, 297, 614, 66, 327, 618, 25725, 44044, 15175, 821, 16853, 24339, 571, 13, 278, 1479, 1392, 246, 782, 80, 770, 5781, 13, 20463, 396, 7239, 296, 12502, 1407, 382, 18453, 21964, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 1407, 382, 18453, 36383, 1392, 1484, 316, 571, 355, 27521, 442, 5741, 15, 530, 316, 6077, 256, 21964, 79, 2381, 408, 1392, 28574, 864, 3024, 21964, 407, 287, 76, 9296, 571, 66, 13, 44918, 465, 3938, 249, 7684, 522, 86, 12901, 256, 15175, 2649, 600, 81, 1392, 12271, 2381, 16750, 8485, 580, 86, 263, 10225, 5021, 11552, 461, 45205, 5021, 13, 8729, 28574, 5792, 292, 21964, 246, 6968, 4123, 587, 87, 5781, 25189, 859, 1914, 268, 15175, 43973, 14750, 1392, 261, 12502, 1440, 1392, 15, 322, 375, 571, 267, 11889, 12130, 1519, 8962, 86, 41245, 4285, 76, 414, 45988, 11552, 461, 4988, 257, 8729, 396, 76, 518, 297, 614, 4781, 2459, 3592, 86, 8485, 19558, 821, 5711, 66, 34715, 303, 24339, 257, 256, 375, 571, 21728, 571, 13460, 1479, 307, 24339, 571, 8729, 1058, 73, 770, 15175, 347, 757, 1906, 4530, 30160, 8485, 1952, 661, 571, 13586, 87, 40426, 15959, 45079, 34715, 303, 24339, 257, 281, 261, 15959, 37080, 248, 15959, 1578, 38009 ]	ää nykyisen epätyydyttävän tilanteen tarpeettoman jatkamisen. Parlamentin mietinnössä esittelijä käsittelee joitakin ehdotuksiaan parannuksiksi, jotka voisi tai pitäisi sisällyttää tulevaan ehdotukseen uudeksi asetukseksi. Komission pitäisi ottaa nämä ehdotukset huomioon ja esittää viipymättä uutta ja parempaa ehdotusta. Luís Paulo Alves Äänestän tämän mietinnön puolesta, koska Yhdysvaltojen ja EU:n yhteisten ilmailumarkkinoiden osuus on noin 60 prosenttia maailman lentoliikenteestä, ja nykyiset kahdenväliset sopimukset jäsenvaltioiden ja Yhdysvaltojen välillä eivät vastaa todellisuutta. Ilmailumarkkinoiden avaaminen Yhdysvaltojen ja EU:n välillä syrjimättömyyden pohjalta tarjoaisi matkustajille ja rahtiliikenteen harjoittajille parempia palveluja, taloudellisia etuja ja ennen kaikkea työpaikkoja. Sanoisin siksi, että tämä on hyödyllistä, koska sääntelyn lähentäminen voisi edistää vapaata kilpailua erityisesti valtiontukien sekä sosiaali- ja ympäristönormien osalta. Sophie Auconie Yhdysvaltojen ja EU:n ilmailumarkkinoiden osuus on yli puolet maailman lentoliikenteestä. Ilmaston lämpenemisen takia Euroopan unionin ja Yhdysvaltojen on siksi tehtävä yhteistyötä vähentääkseen kansainvälisen ilmailun ympäristövaikutusta. Olen siksi äänestänyt sopimuksen puolesta, koska siinä molemmat osapuolet sitoutuvat hyväksymään ympäristö- ja sosiaalinormit, joilla vähennetään huomattavasti melusaastetta ja lievennetään ilmaliikenteen päästöjen vaikutuksia ilmanlaatuun ja samalla kuitenkin myös sitoudutaan kehittämään kestäviä vaihtoehtoisia polttoaineita. Ensimmäisen kerran molemmat osapuolet ovat sopineet takaavansa lentohenkilökunnan sosiaaliset oikeudet. Zigmantas Balčytis kirjallinen. - (LT) Olen samaa mieltä tästä pöytäkirjasta EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen välisen lentoliikennesopimuksen muuttamisesta. Pöytäkirjassa on merkittäviä osia, joiden nojalla EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen yhteistyö ilmailuasioissa voi edetä. Siinä myös vältetään riski, että mikäli kyseistä sopimusta ei ole, joku voisi alkaa soveltaa lykkäysehtoa, joka on ensimmäisen vaiheen sopimuksessa. Lykkäys voisi johtaa siihen, että eurooppalaiset matkustajat ja lentoyhtiöt menettävät huomattavia etuja, joista ne ovat nauttineet maaliskuusta 2008 lähtien. Huomiota olisi kiinnitettävä myös siihen, että tämä uusi sopimus avasi mahdollisuudet tuleville lisäinvestoinneille ja markkinapääsylle sekä yhteistyön tiivistämiselle esimerkiksi turvallisuutta, varmuutta ja varsinkin ympäristöä koskevilla sääntelyn alueilla, ja osapuolet sopivat erityisestä ympäristöalan yhteisestä julistuksesta. Adam Bielan EU:n jäsenvaltioiden ja Yhdysvaltojen osuus maailman ilmailumarkkinoista on 60 prosenttia. Meidän pitäisi siksi pyrkiä varmistamaan vakaa palvelujen laadun paraneminen tällä alalla. Sopimalla EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen välisen lentoliikennesopimuksen tekemisestä edistämme ilmailualan kasvua mahdollistamalla suurempien investointien houkuttelemisen molemmilla puolilla Atlanttia. Sopimuksella autetaan myös vahvistamaan alan työntekijöiden oikeuksien suojaa, lisäämään yhteistyötä lentomatkustuksen turvallisuuden osalta ja myös, yhteensopivuusvaatimuksen ansiosta, vahvistamaan yhteistyötä ympäristöasioissa. On myös merkittävää, että EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen sekakomitean asemaa vahvistetaan sallimalla sen edistää uusia aloitteita, kun sopimusta pannaan täytäntöön. Minun mielestäni uudella sopimuksella autetaan avaamaan lisää markkinoillepääsyä, mikä tarkoittaa aiempaa laadukkaampia palveluja ja ankarampia turvallisuusvaatimuksia, ja siksi tuen päätöslauselmaa. Izaskun Bilbao Barandica kirjallinen. - (ES) Äänestin tämän aloitteen puolesta, koska ilmailumarkkinoiden osuus on 60 prosenttia maailman liikenteestä. Tällä sopimuksella tuodaan Yhdysvaltojen lainsäädäntöön muutoksia, jotka ovat välttämättömiä sääntelyn lähentämisen lisäämiseksi epäoikeudenmukaisen kilpailun estämiseksi. Uusia reittejä avataan, ja liikenteenharjoittajille ja matkustajille tarjotaan parempia palveluja ja hintoja, jotka puolestaan edistävät talouskasvua ja johtavat työpaikkojen luomiseen Atlantin molemmilla puolilla. Sebastian Valentin Bodu Vaikka EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen lentoliikennesopimus on kaikkea muuta kuin täydellinen, se on edistysaskel, joka avaa sekä uusia mahdollisuuksia lisäinvestointien ja markkinoillepääsyn osalta että myös paremman turvallisuuden ja varmuuden osalta. Kumpikaan osapuoli ei ole täysin avannut lentoliikennemarkkinoita neuvotteluissa saavutetun sopimuksen version tuloksena. Siinä on kuitenkin riittävästi kannustimia uudistuksen edistämiseksi. Yhdysvaltojen on muutettava kansallista lainsäädäntöään salliakseen EU:n investoijille enemmistöosuuden Yhdysvaltojen lentoyhtiöissä, mikä edellyttää vastavuoroisia toimenpiteitä EU:lta. EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen sekakomitea on saanut lisää valtuuksia, mikä tarkoittaa, että se pystyy edistämään yhteistyötä edistämällä uusia aloitteita. Uusilla säännöillä vähennetään byrokratiaa, myös kunkin osapuolen sääntelypäätösten vastavuoroisella tunnustamisella, ja vältetään tuhlailevaa resurssien päällekkäisyyttä. Sosiaalisen ulottuvuuden merkityksen tunnustaminen ja sekakomitealle annettu vastuu valvoa sopimuksen sosiaalisia vaikutuksia ja kehittää asianmukaisia vastauksia tarvittaessa ovat sopimuksen toisessa vaiheessa esitet
[ 21433, 15754, 6123, 213, 22143, 46069, 12001, 6123, 99, 6280, 107, 20489, 29903, 17665, 24381, 38619, 29903, 33465, 30598, 22224, 187, 30598, 12001, 2483, 212, 13, 6280, 109, 30598, 6280, 115, 12001, 28733, 17665, 23936, 40808, 37500, 15472, 22143, 6280, 226, 24381, 6280, 216, 2483, 237, 17665, 2483, 238, 12001, 6280, 101, 20489, 23068, 28817, 33358, 6123, 99, 6280, 239, 33358, 28733, 15472, 37500, 33358, 22143, 6280, 218, 28733, 24381, 15472, 33465, 12001, 2483, 100, 6280, 115, 12001, 28733, 17665, 23936, 40808, 37500, 15472, 22143, 6280, 233, 38619, 2483, 116, 28817, 6123, 213, 2483, 212, 187, 29903, 15472, 24381, 20489, 23068, 28817, 12001, 2483, 212, 13, 37500, 15472, 15754, 12001, 37500, 23936, 29903, 2483, 107, 28817, 33358, 187, 2483, 242, 22224, 32191, 25159, 22143, 6280, 103, 15472, 33465, 17665, 39695, 2483, 117, 17665, 2483, 242, 6280, 110, 6123, 213, 39695, 33465, 15472, 6280, 107, 30598, 38619, 23936, 33465, 15472, 6280, 242, 22224, 32191, 6280, 242, 6123, 213, 29903, 17665, 28733, 21433, 12001, 6280, 218, 28733, 17665, 23936, 15472, 32191, 12001, 29903, 21433, 20489, 29950, 12001, 187, 24381, 17665, 29950, 12001, 6280, 217, 39695, 6280, 231, 15754, 6280, 115, 6123, 220, 29903, 33465, 17665, 2483, 242, 17665, 15754, 22224, 2483, 242, 6280, 239, 15754, 17665, 23068, 29903, 6280, 112, 25159, 46069, 42042, 17665, 15754, 25159, 2483, 239, 15472, 24381, 17665, 2483, 242, 37500, 33358, 23068, 15472, 2483, 239, 15754, 6280, 109, 12001, 6280, 227, 28733, 12001, 21433, 38619, 2483, 238, 6280, 244, 22224, 6280, 218, 28733, 17665, 23936, 15472, 32191, 12001, 29903, 21433, 15754, 23936, 15472, 28817, 33358, 22143, 32, 187, 24381, 17665, 29950, 12001, 6280, 217, 39695, 6280, 107, 28733, 6280, 216, 39695, 23068, 15472, 6280, 103, 20489, 2483, 239, 22224, 21433, 12001, 15754, 17665, 29950, 25159, 22143, 21433, 22224, 6280, 99, 15754, 30598, 6280, 237, 20489, 39695, 24381, 15472, 6280, 110, 30598, 15472, 22143, 46069, 15472, 6280, 231, 15754, 187, 2483, 239, 40808, 12001, 2483, 107, 46175, 15472, 30598, 22224, 13, 37500, 38619, 2483, 240, 15472, 6280, 112, 46069, 23936, 12001, 28817, 33358, 21433, 20489, 6280, 109, 30598, 6280, 101, 25159, 23068, 25159, 22143, 21433, 12001, 37500, 20489, 2483, 116, 17665, 15754, 2483, 98, 28817, 33358, 6123, 99, 28817, 32191, 6280, 107, 30598, 38619, 23936, 33465, 15472, 6280, 219, 32191, 15472, 29903, 21433, 12001, 6280, 220, 39695, 29950, 25159, 46069, 21433, 15754, 23936, 15472, 28817, 33358, 22143, 187, 30598, 32191, 6280, 107, 30598, 38619, 23936, 33465, 12001, 15754, 22224, 5559, 6280, 237, 12001, 46175, 15754, 15472, 22143, 21433, 15754, 23936, 15472, 28817, 33358, 22143, 187, 2483, 239, 25159, 6280, 112, 2483, 96, 2483, 122, 24381, 12001, 37500, 38619, 2483, 240, 15472, 6280, 103, 2483, 106, 15754, 23936, 28817, 33358, 6280, 231, 15754, 37500, 33358, 22143, 187, 2483, 219, 32191, 12001, 23068, 46175, 12001, 15754, 22224, 33465, 15472, 13, 6280, 220, 32191, 17665, 32191, 22224, 46175, 28817, 33358, 21433, 20489, 37500, 15472, 15754, 15472, 37500, 12001, 29903, 20489, 24381, 6280, 218, 28733, 6280, 107, 12001, 23936, 21433, 25159, 33465, 38619, 23068, 15472, 22143, 6280, 231, 15754, 5559, 6280, 116, 22224, 2483, 242, 17665, 28733, 21433, 12001, 6280, 220, 39695, 29950, 25159, 46069, 21433, 15754, 23068, 15472, 21433, 15472, 6280, 107, 12001, 15754, 15472, 37500, 15472, 22143, 6280, 216, 39695, 23068, 15472, 6280, 101, 20489, 32191, 12001, 46069, 21433, 25159, 6280, 107, 46175, 29903, 6280, 101, 15472, 22143, 13, 6280, 112, 15472, 24381, 20489, 23068, 187, 30598, 32191, 28817, 12001, 2483, 212, 21433, 12001, 6280, 220, 39695, 29950, 25159, 46069, 21433, 15754, 23936, 15472, 28817, 33358, 22143, 13, 37500, 15472, 15754, 12001, 37500, 23936, 29903, 2483, 107, 28817, 33358, 187, 29950, 30598, 6280, 239, 17665, 29950, 12001, 46175, 12001, 23936, 15754, 5559, 33465, 12001, 32191, 12001, 23068, 33465, 20489, 15754, 17665, 2483, 106, 6280, 218, 28733, 29903, 20489, 2483, 226, 28817, 33358, 21433, 17665, 29950, 25159, 22143, 24381, 20489, 6280, 109, 30598, 28817, 33358, 187, 187, 24850, 280, 27, 209, 187, 6534, 9427, 31602, 3142, 29802, 6534, 187, 5843, 37424, 4467, 13504, 3142, 23630, 3142, 20817, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 9427, 15677, 13793, 9211, 19621, 97, 5846, 15677, 14585, 13621, 13621, 9445, 14062, 30265, 39727, 19621, 110, 24823, 6463, 15, 23207, 43762, 23630, 3142, 23207, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 18901, 9939, 15677, 13793, 9211, 19621, 97, 5846, 187, 4467, 12346, 5846, 32262, 113, 8181, 28337, 9211, 30901, 6463, 9445, 6534, 10714, 116, 21931, 20817, 14062, 4467, 30265, 48914, 38033, 9445, 5846, 30265, 11912, 37710, 48531, 22814, 9427, 6900, 9445, 43246, 12458, 48531, 28337, 44353, 12458, 31461, 29802, 31602, 3142, 9445, 14062, 13621, 6463, 4467, 15, 23207, 43762, 25393, 14062, 29937, 23207, 21931, 13621, 187, 7427, 28337, 6900, 6534, 23072, 25393, 14062, 29937, 37710, 13504, 11912, 9427, 6534, 5843, 37760, 15, 34341, 32416, 35429, 6463, 11912, 37760, 25393, 14062, 29937, 37710, 25393, 12346, 6900, 12458, 15677, 9211, 4467, 3142, 49773, 31461, 49043, 23207, 13621, 9211, 32416, 37760, 37710, 18901, 9939, 15, 4954, 115, 21931, 187, 5846, 13793, 5843, 4954, 223, 48914, 5846, 9427, 32443, 6534, 5843, 44076, 6463, 9211, 40913, 14062, 3142, 15, 13504, 37424, 4467, 23207, 43762, 40913, 14062, 3142, 34341, 13793, 6463, 9211, 15677, 9427, 187, 4467, 12346, 5846, 31159, 13793, 5843, 4954, 223, 23207, 13793, 5846, 6463, 187, 5843, 5846, 9445, 6534, 10714, 116, 21931, 49043, 9445, 11912, 6900, 14062, 38804, 18906, 8181, 20817, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 9445, 12346, 37424, 44353, 31461, 23207, 9211, 6534, 24823, 9445, 11912, 6900, 6463, 14062, 187, 9427, 4467, 20817, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 49043, 8181, 18152, 6900, 23072, 7427, 18152, 41147, 34341, 8181, 6900, 6463, 8181, 44076, 39727, 5846, 7427, 13504, 37424, 4467, 13504, 9211, 44353, 30331, 22814, 6900, 6534, 13793, 23207, 6534, 23207, 6463, 37715, 6463, 148, 96, 31461, 29802, 31602, 3142, 9445, 14062, 13621, 6463, 4467, 148, 242, 187, 9427, 4467, 34341, 8181, 4467, 8181, 29620, 5843, 25393, 14062, 29937, 15677, 5843, 37424, 4467, 30331, 9427, 30901, 19621, 114, 28337, 30265, 32229, 19621, 108, 10714, 115, 12458, 15677, 12346, 18152, 187, 7427, 5843, 14585, 10714, 96, 4467, 12458, 4954, 223, 23207, 13793, 8181, 14062, 9211, 49043, 9427, 13504, 29620, 6463, 23072, 31461, 9445, 10714, 106, 5846, 37927, 15, 31159, 21931, 5846, 31159, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 9445, 12346, 37424, 44353, 31461, 39410, 14585, 10714, 101, 4467, 9445, 13621, 6900, 6463, 9211, 19621, 100, 4467, 12346, 8181, 6900, 34606, 6463, 187, 5846, 14062, 6534, 5843, 15677, 7427, 12346, 37424, 44353, 31461, 23207, 39727, 3142, 14062, 5559, 187, 32416, 6463, 4954, 115, 13621, 6463, 23207, 12346, 6900, 9427, 18152, 32416, 43762, 187, 13621, 30265, 9211, 14062, 4954, 223, 4954, 97, 5843, 4467, 49043, 32443, 43246, 5843, 13793, 39410, 148, 99, 14585, 10714, 101, 6463, 23630, 9427, 31602, 3142, 48531, 5843, 6900, 18152, 32416, 5846, 32443, 50011, 44353, 6534, 3142, 39410, 32416, 6463, 9427, 5843, 40913, 41147, 32262, 113, 8181, 28337, 9211, 30901, 23207, 39727, 3142, 14062, 5559, 4954, 223, 18152, 4467, 12346, 5846, 187, 5846, 21931, 5846, 31159, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 31159, 13793, 5843, 4954, 223, 23207, 13793, 5846, 6463, 187, 18906, 37760, 37710, 19621, 120, 7427, 13621, 44076, 6534, 23072, 4467, 9445, 10714, 114, 6463, 10714, 96, 25393, 14062, 29937, 23630, 32416, 5846, 9427, 187, 187, 22353, 27, 209, 187, 35567, 21308, 594, 91, 316, 6533, 3150, 755, 70, 300, 1866, 44429, 3807, 6290, 23023, 24967, 24910, 44115, 13, 3150, 594, 7753, 10278, 10863, 21650, 3150, 13, 13417, 3150, 18119, 425, 489, 9107, 299, 2050, 26288, 250, 187, 38, 249, 650, 2381, 44366, 373, 15557, 10863, 27359, 13, 1578, 10863, 15827, 353, 4703, 1780, 15932, 3807, 594, 21308, 19129, 44544, 187, 998, 5280, 275, 1850, 399, 25203, 13, 3150, 794, 44222, 26914, 13, 3807, 13014, 1888, 1028, 864, 13, 9527, 10736, 1182, 254, 296, 2381, 445, 187, 34, 589, 18119, 4231, 1578, 13, 479, 460, 9216, 257, 20106, 864, 755, 445, 2649, 10736, 25433, 15, 9615, 10863, 9416, 270, 739, 5756, 21650, 9416, 8502, 446, 1479, 255, 8449, 1780, 15932, 187, 39980, 45215, 256, 30373, 296, 22220, 13, 18117, 3150, 5559, 14, 10297, 22220, 4784, 512, 1850, 399, 25203, 46966, 780, 13401, 797, 19748, 13, 3150, 18119, 18654, 278, 2679, 13, 30562, 277, 48285, 275, 1784, 418, 486, 10269, 187, 42, 15164, 423, 88, 466, 25433, 14266, 11329, 1641, 482, 3105, 27297, 13, 3150, 13417, 295, 9623, 37925, 322, 2966, 5315, 864, 3807, 3697, 11548, 25837, 6592, 350, 5807, 250, 42181, 187, 37544, 18119, 359, 74, 10278, 13014, 13, 27359, 27432, 1847, 16859, 25433, 15, 23184, 3471, 73, 2381, 1378, 6385, 187, 35567, 10863, 13014, 27359, 9416, 19660, 275, 24910, 322, 2679, 13, 3150, 480, 358, 395, 285, 70, 373, 396, 864, 27772, 13, 3347, 42132, 10863, 305, 11670, 479, 249, 43310, 187, 15168, 10863, 19129, 7261, 469, 46620, 2036, 85, 3807, 18119, 359, 74, 10278, 13014, 13, 18117, 18119, 9527, 47203, 42132, 259, 8824, 615, 13, 11329, 35441, 35569, 18119, 30290, 442, 187, 8478, 3370, 386, 3807, 15827, 1339, 91, 442, 3975, 8449, 1408, 3354, 1879, 486, 187, 8997, 561, 11014, 14671, 10863, 372, 249, 17750, 637, 17291, 13, 14350, 691, 3443, 275, 1784, 418, 486, 259, 9608, 296, 13, 20150, 512, 1850, 18447, 14, 47, 607, 32246, 257, 12606, 1471, 18894, 71, 27793, 10736, 7387, 42181, 13, 21650, 1578, 5807, 17685, 27437, 45215, 187, 998, 560, 304, 21650, 425, 73, 3767, 15983, 15747, 34825, 32, 187, 187, 21258, 27, 209, 187, 27681, 16491, 546, 24887, 1452, 3686, 70, 3293, 4893, 629, 356, 14330, 1162, 546, 46596, 1321, 7723, 6987, 19156, 23571, 30421, 1753, 260, 4415, 7723, 826, 371, 4415, 5139, 11074, 36826, 6531, 3092, 603, 372, 24101, 306, 10422, 9317, 39837, 4057, 187, 328, 5043, 4936, 295, 49981, 1144, 816, 70, 1753, 260, 8, 383, 320, 47802, 372, 46158, 1162, 13953, 1260, 6952, 4103, 420, 187, 998, 494, 7723, 3293, 448, 4863, 7460, 48289, 79, 290, 1162, 295, 8, 405, 333, 290, 7222, 372, 22870, 618, 18696, 36646, 187, 46, 4631, 480, 8, 66, 553, 15923, 43284, 6191, 4198, 373, 2438, 21296, 22572, 1148, 14330, 15, 330, 8, 383, 440, 27749, 6987, 3686, 70, 372, 11581, 682, 372, 46158, 187, 20723, 513, 261, 22870, 546, 3686, 70, 1753, 3293, 704, 86, 18810, 372, 5559, 594, 850, 278, 3013, 4057, 7204, 14333, 14078, 2636, 1753, 5139, 4195, 261, 13, 11565, 5139, 37179, 7032, 372, 187, 15462, 70, 372, 7211, 270, 15864, 373, 7460, 295, 8, 4411, 834, 247, 1028, 328, 2288, 6531, 3293, 43379, 1162, 247, 2092, 3974, 68, 363, 250, 711, 278, 1502, 13711, 4670, 187, 24858, 5139, 425, 618, 261, 7222, 816, 70, 43284, 440, 1578, 4511, 15, 330, 8, 383, 546, 24887, 1452, 3686, 70, 458, 278, 1914, 187, 27681, 295, 8, 383, 7222, 816, 70, 16542, 440, 327, 72, 1059, 7723, 6987, 9703, 1753, 24887, 371, 8, 328, 277, 8, 45969, 24241, 36489, 11565, 1144, 994, 18127, 420, 458, 278, 1914, 187, 36, 8, 383, 546, 19847, 37312, 2092, 12514, 66, 1162, 5139, 425, 618, 261, 7222, 1753, 5139, 1683, 3525, 261, 36646, 21969, 4927, 5139, 22241, 87, 4631, 187, 8478, 3370, 386, 1162, 6987, 1784, 8311, 10133, 3686, 70, 372, 1953, 277, 8, 3298, 857, 74, 187, 3848, 37383, 45631, 1435, 13, 48449, 7204, 46117, 1144, 637, 571, 1452, 16542, 24229, 7032, 372, 1551, 254, 7331, 19847, 372, 46334, 3293, 24101, 87, 18502, 1732, 862, 4624, 16542, 4927, 11591, 265, 1474, 35493, 24229, 17487, 265, 15, 187, 998, 560, 386, 13, 4385, 1144, 14, 336, 1753, 18659, 268, 9457, 91, 458, 29324, 372, 22870, 6987, 19309, 32, 187, 187, 41, 40620, 27, 209, 187, 40808, 15472, 33465, 12001, 2483, 240, 12001, 21433, 20489, 2483, 226, 6280, 234, 2483, 226, 6280, 227, 39695, 17665, 28733, 21433, 22224, 6280, 99, 15754, 30598, 28817, 33358, 22143, 6280, 231, 15754, 6280, 115, 20489, 2483, 116, 15472, 2483, 117, 6280, 110, 6123, 213, 39695, 33465, 15472, 6280, 226, 24381, 33465, 22143, 46069, 2483, 243, 23068, 37500, 15472, 22143, 6280, 239, 20489, 23936, 23068, 12001, 6280, 107, 2483, 96, 2483, 122, 12001, 37500, 33358, 22143, 21433, 20489, 28733, 22224, 6280, 103, 2483, 226, 33465, 6123, 220, 2483, 106, 17665, 2483, 242, 40808, 15472, 29950, 15754, 21433, 25159, 42042, 15472, 2483, 116, 21433, 15754, 23068, 15472, 21433, 15472, 6280, 112, 20489, 2483, 226, 21433, 12001, 32191, 21433, 15754, 23936, 12001, 28817, 6123, 213, 22143, 187, 2483, 226, 24381, 6280, 107, 2483, 96, 2483, 122, 12001, 33465, 17665, 23936, 15754, 6280, 109, 30598, 28817, 33358, 21433, 20489, 6280, 109, 30598, 6280, 107, 30598, 38619, 23936, 21433, 12001, 32191, 28817, 33358, 6280, 231, 15754, 6280, 218, 28733, 29903, 20489, 2483, 226, 28817 ]	करूंगा। बिल्कुल सही हाँ, यह वास्तव में एक अच्छा दिन है। जैसे मैं इसके साथ वास्तव में खुश हूँ लेकिन हाँ, मेरा मतलब है टीमों ने स्पष्ट रूप से बहुत से टीम टूल्स का इस्तेमाल किया क्या आप और वॉल स्ट्रीट जर्नल लोग प्रोजेक्ट मैनेजर या ऐसा कुछ भी इस्तेमाल करते हैं? क्या आप बस अपने निजी कार्यों की तरह चिपके रहेंगे और जवाबदेही, मुझे लगता है कि यह दोनों का मिश्रण है। हम बहुत से ईमेल का उपयोग करते हैं हम बहुत सारी Google चादरें करते हैं जो लड़का मुझे नफरत है और मैं ईमानदारी से, उम्मीद है कि मेरे मालिक इस बात को सुनें और Google शीट्स का उपयोग करने के बारे में अपने दिमाग को बदल दें, लेकिन हम हाँ का उपयोग करते हैं, मेरा मतलब है यह ज्यादातर Google सामान सिर्फ इसलिए है क्योंकि यह है Arabic: وهذا هو مثل ما لا تستخدمه بعد الآن بسبب القصور الذاتي. أنا لا أستخدم Evernote بعد الآن لكن استخدامي الواضح تقلص إلى النصف في الأشهر الستة الأخيرة من هذا القبيل. أنا فقط أحب الخروج فقط في مفهومها. سأضيفها فقط في فكرة بدلاً من أن أبدأها في Evernote. صح نعم ، إنه يوم جيد حقا. مثل أنا حقا سعيد به لكن نعم ، أعني من الواضح أن الفرق كانت تستخدم الكثير من أدوات الفريق هل تستخدم أنت ورجال وول ستريت جورنال مثل مدير المشروع أو أي شيء من هذا القبيل؟ هل ستلتزم فقط بمثل المهام الشخصية الخاصة بك و المساءلة ، أعتقد أنه مزيج من الاثنين. نحن نستخدم الكثير من رسائل البريد الإلكتروني نقوم بالكثير من أوراق Google أي صبي أكره وأنا بصدق ، آمل أن يستمع رؤسائي لهذا الأمر وأن يغيروا رأيهم حول استخدام أوراق Google ، ولكن نحن نستخدم نعم ، أعني انها في الغالب جوجل الاشياء فقط لأنه German: Das sind sozusagen die geteilten Apps und besonders bei einer Organisation, die so groß ist wie die, für die ich neue Software einführe Ein größeres Level ist nur, es ist eine Menge Arbeit und so sind wir relativ Stabil in den Dingen, die funktionieren, und nicht versuchen, das zu zerstören Aber ich mag es, meine eigenen Sachen getrennt zu haben. Es ist ein bisschen wie ein Duplikat von Arbeit Ich muss sicherstellen, dass die Google-Tabellen mit all den Dingen aktualisiert werden, die ich auch mache, aber dazu in der Lage bin Irgendwie haben sie seltsame Notizen, die für niemanden Sinn machen und Schimpfwörter schreiben Und ich weiß nicht, nur einen Platz haben. Das gehört mir Das ist nicht nur ein Tab in einer Sache, die jemand anderes sehen kann, sondern ist ganz mein Eigen Es ist wirklich sehr nett und ich weiß nicht, dass ich das ändern würde, selbst wenn ich könnte Brilliant und eine letzte Art von runden Frage Offensichtlich ist dein Tag manisch, als ob du in der Lage wärst, über all den Tech-Nachrichten auf dem Laufenden zu bleiben, wie es schön sein muss Stressig wie nehmen Sie sich Zeit? French: Ce sont en quelque sorte les applications partagées et en particulier dans une organisation aussi grande que celle dans laquelle je travaille pour introduire de nouveaux logiciels à un plus grand niveau est juste que c'est beaucoup de travail et nous sommes relativement Stable dans les choses qui fonctionnent et n'essayent pas de faire sauter ça Mais j'aime bien avoir mes propres affaires séparées. C'est un peu une sorte de duplicata de travail Je dois faire en sorte que les feuilles de Google soient mises à jour avec tout ce que je fais, mais je suis capable de Sorte de notes bizarres qui n'auront aucun sens pour les autres et aiment écrire des mots grossiers Et je ne sais pas juste avoir un espace. C'est en quelque sorte le mien Ce n'est pas juste comme un onglet dans une chose que quelqu'un d'autre peut voir mais est entièrement le mien C'est en fait vraiment sympa et je ne sais pas que je changerais ça même si je pouvais Brilliant et une dernière sorte de question d'arrondi De toute évidence, votre journée est maniaque comme être capable de rester au fait de toutes les nouvelles technologiques comme si elles devaient être belles. Stressant, comment est-ce que vous prenez le temps de faire une pause? Hindi: वे साझा किए गए ऐप्स की तरह हैं और विशेष रूप से एक संगठन में जितना बड़ा मैं किसी नए सॉफ्टवेयर को पेश करने के लिए काम करता हूं एक बड़ा स्तर यह है कि यह बहुत काम है और इसलिए ह
[ 754, 39841, 13, 16048, 26300, 13, 20766, 13, 322, 461, 7697, 13, 914, 35428, 2389, 13, 3976, 414, 13, 46378, 13, 18966, 13, 27452, 187, 187, 3837, 1120, 316, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 22, 12, 18, 12, 19, 12, 20, 12, 18, 30, 3436, 30, 854, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 37024, 5056, 428, 253, 25056, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 44531, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 388, 23712, 428, 14076, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1731, 15543, 448, 8, 86, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 4021, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 844, 1295, 428, 3506, 1504, 593, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 9170, 33343, 428, 38681, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 844, 1295, 13, 8916, 13, 19580, 1041, 13, 20364, 13, 17724, 13, 2604, 356, 2056, 1204, 13, 32516, 37480, 13, 399, 882, 2392, 1456, 13, 10518, 13, 32886, 13, 46792, 13, 41702, 187, 187, 3837, 5182, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 30, 2164, 30, 721, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 500, 571, 311, 543, 428, 253, 23972, 264, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 23847, 20, 285, 4047, 544, 416, 23909, 428, 268, 1362, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 322, 1947, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 8464, 30832, 428, 36974, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 844, 1295, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 8694, 1870, 13, 49230, 13, 754, 39841, 13, 16048, 26300, 13, 20766, 13, 322, 461, 7697, 13, 914, 35428, 2389, 13, 3976, 414, 13, 46378, 13, 18966, 13, 27452, 187, 187, 3837, 5182, 257, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 30, 5910, 30, 818, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 9251, 5056, 428, 253, 2434, 4837, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 24472, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 1608, 22208, 428, 295, 3230, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 3583, 11290, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 2752, 296, 474, 714, 249, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 15594, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 19296, 254, 13, 6875, 13, 20727, 13, 10286, 13, 12602, 13, 41224, 13, 1219, 48683, 13, 1023, 39796, 13, 43633, 13, 34959, 13, 416, 262, 780, 13, 28003, 13, 399, 525, 414, 13, 2588, 3750, 187, 187, 3837, 5182, 561, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 12, 18, 30, 4791, 30, 854, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 37024, 5056, 428, 253, 25056, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 44531, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 388, 23712, 428, 14076, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1731, 15543, 448, 8, 86, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 4021, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 844, 1295, 428, 3506, 1504, 593, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 9170, 33343, 428, 38681, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 844, 1295, 13, 8916, 13, 19580, 1041, 13, 20364, 13, 17724, 13, 2604, 356, 2056, 1204, 13, 32516, 37480, 13, 399, 882, 2392, 1456, 13, 10518, 13, 32886, 13, 46792, 13, 41702, 187, 187, 3837, 3760, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 20, 30, 3435, 30, 898, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 22371, 4377, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 11086, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 18009, 86, 13, 35978, 428, 465, 536, 20283, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 938, 611, 9041, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 4021, 2017, 16802, 559, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 1176, 16637, 428, 3083, 338, 35804, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 418, 25709, 27789, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 8801, 14621, 13, 41079, 13, 3976, 7116, 13, 6778, 14718, 12189, 13, 23230, 16531, 13, 14559, 3262, 1487, 13, 2752, 11224, 1204, 13, 27955, 13, 49874, 382, 13, 12604, 785, 13, 3035, 48485, 187, 187, 3837, 5651, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 30, 3285, 30, 374, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 30972, 5056, 428, 253, 14559, 780, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 714, 74, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 15753, 13, 480, 74, 428, 14484, 66, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 611, 8, 328, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 4021, 2017, 16802, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 13798, 4787, 2954, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 15594, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 15859, 318, 13, 11680, 318, 13, 46378, 13, 3050, 2492, 13, 34340, 2322, 13, 47002, 1430, 13, 18966, 13, 30866, 13, 29442, 2421, 13, 8397, 5011, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 3230, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 18, 30, 1884, 30, 495, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 401, 1028, 606, 5056, 428, 253, 22371, 273, 44145, 9847, 16997, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 8024, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 5003, 428, 3641, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 16617, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 4021, 559, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 42087, 428, 3392, 285, 3101, 4917, 247, 1429, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 27219, 1108, 9338, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 13936, 31465, 13, 27955, 13, 18299, 13, 38399, 13, 8273, 13, 3975, 13, 17156, 13, 322, 561, 10982, 13, 322, 5725, 13, 3173, 2056, 5051, 13, 11271, 279, 13, 16678, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 1351, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 30, 5910, 30, 818, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 9251, 5056, 428, 253, 2434, 4837, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 24472, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 1608, 22208, 428, 295, 3230, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 3583, 11290, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 2752, 296, 474, 714, 249, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 15594, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 19296, 254, 13, 6875, 13, 20727, 13, 10286, 13, 12602, 13, 41224, 13, 1219, 48683, 13, 1023, 39796, 13, 43633, 13, 34959, 13, 416, 262, 780, 13, 28003, 13, 399, 525, 414, 13, 2588, 3750, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 9045, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 12, 18, 30, 4791, 30, 854, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 37024, 5056, 428, 253, 25056, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 44531, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 388, 23712, 428, 14076, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1731, 15543, 448, 8, 86, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 4021, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 844, 1295, 428, 3506, 1504, 593, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 9170, 33343, 428, 38681, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 844, 1295, 13, 8916, 13, 19580, 1041, 13, 20364, 13, 17724, 13, 2604, 356, 2056, 1204, 13, 32516, 37480, 13, 399, 882, 2392, 1456, 13, 10518, 13, 32886, 13, 46792, 13, 41702, 187, 187, 3837, 5651, 570, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 12, 22, 30, 6931, 30, 495, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 401, 1028, 606, 5056, 428, 253, 22371, 273, 44145, 9847, 16997, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 8024, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 5003, 428, 3641, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 16617, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 4021, 559, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 42087, 428, 3392, 285, 3101, 4917, 247, 1429, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 27219, 1108, 9338, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 13936, 31465, 13, 27955, 13, 18299, 13, 38399, 13, 8273, 13, 3975, 13, 17156, 13, 322, 561, 10982, 13, 322, 5725, 13, 3173, 2056, 5051, 13, 11271, 279, 13, 16678, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 4692, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 23, 30, 4791, 30, 854, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 37024, 5056, 428, 253, 25056, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 44531, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 388, 23712, 428, 14076, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1731, 15543, 448, 8, 86, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 4021, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 844, 1295, 428, 3506, 1504, 593, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 9170, 33343, 428, 38681, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 844, 1295, 13, 8916, 13, 19580, 1041, 13, 20364, 13, 17724, 13, 2604, 356, 2056, 1204, 13, 32516, 37480, 13, 399, 882, 2392, 1456, 13, 10518, 13, 32886, 13, 46792, 13, 41702, 187, 187, 3837, 5651, 879, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 23, 12, 24, 12, 20, 12, 22, 30, 2456, 30, 608, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 714, 272, 5056, 428, 253, 28139, 264, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 10283, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 3617, 428, 697, 86, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1010, 775, 8, 1914, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 559, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 15836, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 46378, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 29770, 552, 13, 17702, 6232, 13, 46437, 13, 38264, 13, 3173, 356, 1515, 13, 16061, 14, 31974, 13, 322, 31356, 13, 20574, 13, 754, 4052, 13, 14723, 187, 187, 3837, 5651, 412, 13000, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 23, 12, 24, 12, 23, 12, 20, 12, 26, 12, 18, 30, 9901, 30, 818, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 9251, 5056, 428, 253, 2434, 4837, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 24472, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 1608, 22208, 428, 295, 3230, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 3583, 11290, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 2752, 296, 474, 714, 249, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 15594, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 19296, 254, 13, 6875, 13, 20727, 13, 10286, 13, 12602, 13, 41224, 13, 1219, 48683, 13, 1023, 39796, 13, 43633, 13, 34959, 13, 416, 262, 780, 13, 28003, 13, 399, 525, 414, 13, 2588, 3750, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 1420, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 19, 12, 26, 12, 20, 30, 6480, 30, 374, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 30972, 5056, 428, 253, 14559, 780, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 714, 74, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 15753, 13, 480, 74, 428, 14484, 66, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187 ]	Healer, Sympathy, Quality, Sustenance, Unconditional love, Charity, Balance, Grace, Evolution Adrestus=1+4+9+5+1+2+3+1= 26= 8 Chinese dragon : Huanglong - the Yellow Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Qi1 and Japan [ Hachi - ya(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #26 Ta ch'u I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + double divisible Feng Shui number : Wealth - Abundance Feng Shui House number: Multiply - fertile Interpretation : Wealth, Power, Riches, Status, Material, Pragmatism, Aggregation, Dictatorship, Business, Investment, Skills, Reality Adria=1+4+9+9+1= 24= 6 Chinese dragon : Jiaolong - the Horned Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Wu3 and Japan [ Roku - pyn(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : Sung I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + whole Feng Shui number : Esthetics - Beauty Feng Shui House number: Wealth Interpretation : Protector, Provider, Healer, Sympathy, Quality, Sustenance, Unconditional love, Charity, Balance, Grace, Evolution Adriaen=1+4+9+9+1+5+5= 34= 7 Chinese dragon : Panlong - the Coiling Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Liu4 and Japan [ Shichi - nana(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #52 Ken I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible + whole Feng Shui number : Mystical Yin Feng Shui House number: Sure Interpretation : Thinker, Science, Learning, Education, Study, Logic, Alchemy, Secrets, Myth, Religion, Ritual, Knowledge, Dignity, Genius Adriaens=1+4+9+9+1+5+5+1= 35= 8 Chinese dragon : Huanglong - the Yellow Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Qi1 and Japan [ Hachi - ya(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #26 Ta ch'u I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + double divisible Feng Shui number : Wealth - Abundance Feng Shui House number: Multiply - fertile Interpretation : Wealth, Power, Riches, Status, Material, Pragmatism, Aggregation, Dictatorship, Business, Investment, Skills, Reality Adrial=1+4+9+9+1+3= 27= 9 Chinese dragon : Dragon King Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Ba1 and Japan [ Kyu, ku - kokono(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #20 Kuan I-Ching [ revised ] : double divisible + divisible Feng Shui number : Completion - Manifestation Feng Shui House number: Longevity Interpretation : Humanitarian, Religious, Charitable, Philanthropic, Higher Self, Spirit Guides, Mysticism, Faith, Optimist, Karma, Enlightenment Adrian=1+4+9+9+1+5= 29= 2 Chinese dragon : Shenlong - the Spiritual Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Yi1 and Japan [ Ni, ji - futa(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : K'un I-Ching [ revised ] : double divisible + whole Feng Shui number : Promotes relationship Feng Shui House number: Sure Interpretation : Cooperation, Consideration, Balance, Mediation, Flexibility, Adaptability, Grace, Dance, Harmony, Devotion Adriana=1+4+9+9+1+5+1= 30= 3 Chinese dragon : Fucanglong - the Dragon of Hidden Treasures Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Er4 and Japan [ San - mi(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : Pi I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible double + divisible Feng Shui number : Creation - father and mother yield a child Feng Shui House number: Growth – alive Interpretation : Holy Trinity, Faith, Expression, Speech, Society, Art, Culture, Sensuality, Sorrow, Immaturity, Passion, Sex Adriane=1+4+9+9+1+5+5= 34= 7 Chinese dragon : Panlong - the Coiling Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Liu4 and Japan [ Shichi - nana(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #52 Ken I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible + whole Feng Shui number : Mystical Yin Feng Shui House number: Sure Interpretation : Thinker, Science, Learning, Education, Study, Logic, Alchemy, Secrets, Myth, Religion, Ritual, Knowledge, Dignity, Genius Adrianna=1+4+9+9+1+5+5+1= 35= 8 Chinese dragon : Huanglong - the Yellow Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Qi1 and Japan [ Hachi - ya(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #26 Ta ch'u I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + double divisible Feng Shui number : Wealth - Abundance Feng Shui House number: Multiply - fertile Interpretation : Wealth, Power, Riches, Status, Material, Pragmatism, Aggregation, Dictatorship, Business, Investment, Skills, Reality Adrianne=1+4+9+9+1+5+5+5= 39= 3 Chinese dragon : Fucanglong - the Dragon of Hidden Treasures Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Er4 and Japan [ San - mi(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : Pi I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible double + divisible Feng Shui number : Creation - father and mother yield a child Feng Shui House number: Growth – alive Interpretation : Holy Trinity, Faith, Expression, Speech, Society, Art, Culture, Sensuality, Sorrow, Immaturity, Passion, Sex Adriano=1+4+9+9+1+5+6= 35= 8 Chinese dragon : Huanglong - the Yellow Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Qi1 and Japan [ Hachi - ya(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #26 Ta ch'u I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + double divisible Feng Shui number : Wealth - Abundance Feng Shui House number: Multiply - fertile Interpretation : Wealth, Power, Riches, Status, Material, Pragmatism, Aggregation, Dictatorship, Business, Investment, Skills, Reality Adrianople=1+4+9+9+1+5+6+7+3+5= 50= 5 Chinese dragon : Yinglong - the Winged Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Si4 and Japan [ Go - itsu(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #15 Ch'ien I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible + divisible Feng Shui number : Change Feng Shui House number: Balance Interpretation : Visionary, Expansion, Opportunity, Adventure, Imagination, Story-telling, Symbols, Freedom, Healing, Invention Adrianopolis=1+4+9+9+1+5+6+7+6+3+9+1= 61= 7 Chinese dragon : Panlong - the Coiling Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Liu4 and Japan [ Shichi - nana(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #52 Ken I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible + whole Feng Shui number : Mystical Yin Feng Shui House number: Sure Interpretation : Thinker, Science, Learning, Education, Study, Logic, Alchemy, Secrets, Myth, Religion, Ritual, Knowledge, Dignity, Genius Adriatic=1+4+9+9+1+2+9+3= 38= 2 Chinese dragon : Shenlong - the Spiritual Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Yi1 and Japan [ Ni, ji - futa(tsu) ]
[ 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 69, 25, 27, 186, 1047, 1229, 1423, 71, 20, 50268, 186, 6113, 2676, 186, 85, 17, 13, 296, 1208, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 12352, 27, 186, 10655, 15148, 1508, 50268, 186, 8289, 186, 85, 17, 13, 25121, 9, 1033, 10, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 70, 17, 27, 186, 1047, 938, 1423, 71, 20, 50268, 186, 6113, 2676, 186, 85, 17, 13, 1026, 766, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 70, 21, 27, 186, 10655, 1012, 68, 1508, 50268, 186, 8289, 186, 85, 17, 13, 19100, 9, 1033, 10, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 70, 25, 27, 186, 5831, 1762, 1012, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 17, 13, 1033, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 886, 27, 186, 20, 66, 1449, 18040, 71, 50268, 186, 75, 186, 33038, 1099, 2270, 654, 13393, 64, 85, 1761, 31, 187, 187, 6744, 26164, 273, 2593, 964, 1156, 27, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 6914, 654, 47962, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 6914, 27, 186, 361, 68, 22, 70, 24, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 9430, 27, 186, 361, 71, 39697, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 22, 187, 50274, 33038, 8012, 27, 186, 361, 2357, 71, 42815, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 24, 187, 50274, 33038, 1518, 68, 27, 186, 361, 68, 25670, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 1911, 186, 66, 20, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 7199, 27, 186, 9992, 24, 2759, 3571, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 91, 186, 66, 22, 13, 33038, 938, 1839, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 1839, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 6759, 27, 186, 361, 68, 44060, 1610, 50268, 186, 1911, 186, 66, 19, 13, 66, 18, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 7798, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 1252, 68, 27, 186, 2640, 69, 3011, 70, 3571, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 20, 13, 33038, 938, 3680, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 3680, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 14952, 27, 186, 13930, 68, 30349, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 21, 13, 17, 9, 66, 18, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1348, 27, 186, 22140, 2227, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1619, 27, 186, 31202, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 18161, 68, 27, 186, 6851, 3141, 6855, 20, 50268, 186, 18516, 186, 66, 21, 6567, 18, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1229, 27, 186, 453, 68, 37687, 70, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 570, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 19, 13, 33038, 14952, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 938, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1706, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1839, 27, 186, 22210, 3011, 1796, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 20, 13, 33038, 938, 1706, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 1706, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 17490, 68, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1449, 27, 186, 13930, 67, 30349, 50268, 186, 392, 186, 66, 21, 13, 17, 9, 66, 18, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2031, 27, 186, 361, 2597, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2385, 27, 186, 361, 2227, 2227, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 33038, 15781, 68, 27, 186, 6851, 24, 12847, 1508, 50268, 186, 8289, 186, 66, 21, 6567, 25, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1235, 27, 186, 22210, 24, 70, 25, 70, 20, 50268, 186, 1559, 16853, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 20, 13, 33038, 938, 1449, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 1449, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3439, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3680, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 16763, 68, 654, 6441, 1178, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 16763, 68, 27, 186, 361, 68, 39697, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1549, 27, 186, 361, 2357, 71, 42815, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 24, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1540, 27, 186, 361, 68, 25670, 1610, 50268, 186, 1911, 186, 66, 19, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2358, 27, 186, 17, 567, 22, 71, 43114, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 10637, 187, 50274, 33038, 18040, 68, 27, 186, 933, 3141, 70, 3571, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 91, 186, 66, 22, 13, 33038, 938, 2055, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 19, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1967, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3566, 27, 186, 2125, 68, 3011, 24235, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 13, 33038, 938, 67, 25, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 22, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3141, 27, 186, 31202, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 18202, 68, 27, 186, 46370, 3141, 6855, 20, 50268, 186, 18516, 186, 66, 18, 6567, 18, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1438, 27, 186, 453, 71, 3832, 336, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 570, 186, 66, 19, 13, 66, 22, 13, 33038, 938, 3141, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 18, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2759, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2055, 27, 186, 361, 32168, 42815, 50268, 186, 84, 25658, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 13, 17, 89, 25, 187, 50274, 33038, 17391, 68, 27, 186, 361, 67, 24, 70, 22, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2270, 27, 186, 520, 30479, 42815, 50268, 186, 84, 25658, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 13, 17, 89, 740, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3953, 27, 186, 361, 67, 24, 70, 24, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 4185, 27, 186, 9992, 24, 2222, 4590, 50268, 186, 84, 25658, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 22, 13, 17, 89, 938, 187, 50274, 33038, 14009, 68, 27, 186, 361, 71, 22, 70, 22, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 66, 22, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 66, 17, 27, 186, 453, 68, 42763, 70, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 13, 33038, 938, 2759, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 1619, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 66, 21, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 66, 25, 27, 186, 361, 2597, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 317, 27, 186, 46370, 24, 12847, 1508, 50268, 186, 8289, 186, 66, 18, 6567, 25, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 67, 17, 27, 186, 453, 68, 24, 18393, 20, 50268, 186, 1559, 16853, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 19, 13, 33038, 938, 66, 25, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 21, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 67, 21, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 67, 25, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 938, 12847, 654, 1344, 5025, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 12847, 27, 186, 13930, 2504, 3245, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 22, 13, 17, 9, 66, 17, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 68, 17, 27, 186, 933, 3141, 70, 3571, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 91, 186, 66, 22, 13, 33038, 938, 12352, 654, 1344, 5025, 12, 17, 89, 938, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 68, 21, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 68, 25, 27, 186, 31202, 68, 30349, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 21, 13, 18, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 550, 27, 186, 31202, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 69, 17, 27, 186, 453, 41432, 336, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 41648, 186, 66, 21, 13, 33038, 938, 68, 25, 654, 1344, 5025, 12, 17, 10587, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 69, 21, 27, 186, 1449, 66, 49082, 1610, 50268, 186, 2377, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 69, 25, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 12352, 27, 186, 9439, 42640, 50268, 186, 965, 186, 66, 17, 13, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 70, 17, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 938, 70, 21, 654, 1344, 21630, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 70, 21, 27, 186, 13930, 2504, 3245, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 22, 13, 17, 9, 66, 17, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 70, 25, 27, 186, 22140, 2227, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 886, 27, 186, 22140, 1762, 1012, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 17, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 71, 17, 27, 186, 22650, 22, 68, 30349, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 21, 6567, 18, 9, 66, 18, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 71, 21, 27, 186, 933, 3141, 66, 3571, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 91, 186, 66, 22, 13, 25, 12603, 12347, 654, 1344, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 1348, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 71, 25, 27, 186, 6851, 24, 2691, 70, 20, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 21, 13, 33038, 938, 70, 21, 654, 1344, 21630, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 12964, 27, 186, 19635, 37256, 67, 50268, 186, 339, 633, 15, 88, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 22, 187, 50274, 33038, 38832, 27, 186, 1449, 70, 1235, 3357, 67, 50268, 186, 2377, 88, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 21, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 11238, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 12347, 27, 186, 9439, 42640, 50268, 186, 965, 186, 66, 17, 13, 17, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 740, 68, 27, 186, 567, 22, 567, 3071, 71, 50268, 186, 75, 186, 33038, 38832, 654, 1344, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 18, 68, 31, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 49352, 654, 6441, 21630, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 49352, 27, 186, 361, 67, 39697, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 18, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 13391, 27, 186, 361, 2357, 71, 42815, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 24, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 14711, 27, 186, 9992, 2787, 70, 3571, 50268, 186, 67, 41648, 186, 66, 22, 13, 25, 12603, 17161, 654, 6441, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 2031, 31, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 883, 68, 27, 186, 567, 25, 25025, 1012, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 23, 13, 66, 19, 6567, 25, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 8193, 27, 186, 9104, 27101, 1610, 50268, 186, 1911, 186, 66, 23, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 23, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 13397, 27, 186, 15960, 3011, 39948, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 23, 13, 25, 12603, 17161, 654, 6441, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 2031, 31, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 8196, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 805, 68, 27, 186, 520, 1418, 23, 71, 50268, 186, 75, 186, 25, 12603, 1012, 68, 654, 6441, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 19, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 11246, 27, 186, 361, 2597, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 15468, 27, 186, 361, 2227, 2227, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 25, 12603 ]	800001d8: 143022f3 csrr t0,stval 800001dc: 10513823 sd t0,272(sp) 800001e0: 142022f3 csrr t0,scause 800001e4: 10513c23 sd t0,280(sp) 800001e8: 00010513 mv a0,sp 800001ec: 3a40206f j 80002590 <handle_trap> Disassembly of section .text: 0000000080002000 <memcpy>: 80002000: 00c5e7b3 or a5,a1,a2 80002004: 00f567b3 or a5,a0,a5 80002008: 0077f793 andi a5,a5,7 8000200c: 00c506b3 add a3,a0,a2 80002010: 02078463 beqz a5,80002038 <memcpy+0x38> 80002014: 00c58633 add a2,a1,a2 80002018: 00050793 mv a5,a0 8000201c: 02d57e63 bgeu a0,a3,80002058 <memcpy+0x58> 80002020: 0005c703 lbu a4,0(a1) 80002024: 00158593 addi a1,a1,1 80002028: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1 8000202c: fee78fa3 sb a4,-1(a5) 80002030: fec598e3 bne a1,a2,80002020 <memcpy+0x20> 80002034: 00008067 ret 80002038: fed57ee3 bgeu a0,a3,80002034 <memcpy+0x34> 8000203c: 00050793 mv a5,a0 80002040: 0005b703 ld a4,0(a1) 80002044: 00878793 addi a5,a5,8 80002048: 00858593 addi a1,a1,8 8000204c: fee7bc23 sd a4,-8(a5) 80002050: fed7e8e3 bltu a5,a3,80002040 <memcpy+0x40> 80002054: 00008067 ret 80002058: 00008067 ret 000000008000205c <memset>: 8000205c: 00c567b3 or a5,a0,a2 80002060: 0077f793 andi a5,a5,7 80002064: 00c50633 add a2,a0,a2 80002068: 0ff5f593 andi a1,a1,255 8000206c: 00078e63 beqz a5,80002088 <memset+0x2c> 80002070: 00050793 mv a5,a0 80002074: 04c57263 bgeu a0,a2,800020b8 <memset+0x5c> 80002078: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1 8000207c: feb78fa3 sb a1,-1(a5) 80002080: fef61ce3 bne a2,a5,80002078 <memset+0x1c> 80002084: 00008067 ret 80002088: 00859793 slli a5,a1,0x8 8000208c: 00b7e5b3 or a1,a5,a1 80002090: 01059793 slli a5,a1,0x10 80002094: 00b7e7b3 or a5,a5,a1 80002098: 02079593 slli a1,a5,0x20 8000209c: 00f5e5b3 or a1,a1,a5 800020a0: fec572e3 bgeu a0,a2,80002084 <memset+0x28> 800020a4: 00050793 mv a5,a0 800020a8: 00878793 addi a5,a5,8 800020ac: feb7bc23 sd a1,-8(a5) 800020b0: fec7ece3 bltu a5,a2,800020a8 <memset+0x4c> 800020b4: 00008067 ret 800020b8: 00008067 ret 00000000800020bc <strlen>: 800020bc: 00054783 lbu a5,0(a0) 800020c0: 00078e63 beqz a5,800020dc <strlen+0x20> 800020c4: 00050793 mv a5,a0 800020c8: 0017c703 lbu a4,1(a5) 800020cc: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1 800020d0: fe071ce3 bnez a4,800020c8 <strlen+0xc> 800020d4: 40a78533 sub a0,a5,a0 800020d8: 00008067 ret 800020dc: 00000513 li a0,0 800020e0: 00008067 ret 00000000800020e4 <strcmp>: 800020e4: 00054783 lbu a5,0(a0) 800020e8: 00158593 addi a1,a1,1 800020ec: 00150513 addi a0,a0,1 800020f0: fff5c703 lbu a4,-1(a1) 800020f4: 00078a63 beqz a5,80002108 <strcmp+0x24> 800020f8: fee786e3 beq a5,a4,800020e4 <strcmp> 800020fc: 0007851b sext.w a0,a5 80002100: 40e5053b subw a0,a0,a4 80002104: 00008067 ret 80002108: 00000513 li a0,0 8000210c: ff5ff06f j 80002100 <strcmp+0x1c> 0000000080002110 <memcmp>: 80002110: 00b567b3 or a5,a0,a1 80002114: 0077f793 andi a5,a5,7 80002118: 02079e63 bnez a5,80002154 <memcmp+0x44> 8000211c: ff867813 andi a6,a2,-8 80002120: 01050833 add a6,a0,a6 80002124: 03057863 bgeu a0,a6,80002154 <memcmp+0x44> 80002128: 00050793 mv a5,a0 8000212c: 0100006f j 8000213c <memcmp+0x2c> 80002130: 00878793 addi a5,a5,8 80002134: 00858593 addi a1,a1,8 80002
[ 423, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 281, 25963, 1897, 313, 34235, 273, 5093, 10, 604, 581, 390, 625, 273, 841, 6266, 368, 27, 187, 187, 1128, 1422, 452, 13719, 12511, 390, 625, 281, 7168, 187, 187, 1128, 1422, 4390, 5484, 32840, 35115, 1264, 390, 625, 2069, 591, 2129, 187, 187, 1128, 1422, 403, 247, 924, 14065, 187, 187, 5817, 1422, 9017, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 984, 13, 762, 841, 2515, 13, 352, 778, 1379, 3356, 685, 5093, 1897, 281, 40472, 285, 10347, 634, 2133, 323, 253, 25619, 614, 3408, 15, 831, 6508, 40472, 588, 1361, 22950, 634, 2133, 434, 4688, 14, 14814, 272, 3745, 15, 187, 187, 11831, 46854, 281, 4597, 1004, 27, 18665, 13, 24373, 13, 2884, 2345, 187, 187, 7093, 4597, 1004, 3408, 25068, 634, 787, 4875, 347, 3477, 347, 337, 13, 374, 13, 495, 27, 187, 187, 13996, 337, 27, 18665, 187, 187, 13996, 374, 27, 24373, 187, 187, 13996, 495, 27, 2884, 2345, 187, 187, 1394, 2624, 253, 12134, 326, 787, 4875, 368, 13, 368, 823, 253, 4076, 12134, 281, 4076, 339, 13, 285, 368, 26363, 253, 34404, 342, 388, 19, 48, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 13996, 337, 27, 18665, 64, 187, 187, 8486, 1004, 272, 310, 512, 670, 12478, 562, 634, 985, 15, 30778, 2970, 271, 4166, 1818, 323, 634, 1113, 533, 760, 6240, 747, 4166, 285, 1335, 970, 634, 1711, 13, 16076, 13, 285, 908, 14, 484, 4166, 5806, 15, 1284, 5352, 285, 1029, 3290, 347, 326, 747, 4166, 310, 13, 352, 1335, 588, 320, 11742, 949, 326, 1711, 5806, 15, 831, 2097, 634, 1113, 434, 3948, 310, 1335, 2970, 247, 2257, 273, 650, 553, 285, 650, 262, 432, 253, 1711, 5806, 285, 10305, 253, 5649, 273, 253, 747, 4166, 594, 352, 1912, 626, 1408, 347, 973, 347, 352, 812, 320, 3515, 15, 831, 4473, 43630, 9670, 342, 634, 2133, 15, 46285, 28452, 1293, 40472, 272, 310, 816, 751, 2970, 271, 4166, 1818, 1293, 6890, 634, 5806, 15, 733, 760, 35910, 629, 273, 253, 1895, 13, 594, 281, 22950, 253, 28452, 12134, 368, 1472, 9123, 13, 368, 671, 878, 281, 4076, 598, 634, 2133, 434, 15116, 407, 11922, 512, 253, 305, 3938, 13, 534, 588, 755, 634, 11082, 3515, 751, 247, 973, 14, 80, 4206, 5145, 2, 187, 187, 1909, 368, 40472, 13, 368, 1833, 671, 320, 10305, 6714, 787, 4875, 15, 2071, 80, 839, 49133, 1066, 253, 3885, 273, 634, 11082, 13, 2157, 684, 634, 2801, 13, 285, 2789, 634, 10015, 1928, 247, 1979, 1512, 1355, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 673, 281, 755, 368, 35766, 13532, 896, 715, 634, 638, 14, 67, 19699, 27929, 313, 2520, 310, 2032, 323, 1097, 1821, 285, 2255, 10, 285, 7168, 326, 41756, 249, 1755, 13, 38857, 2389, 22139, 15, 1916, 513, 326, 13, 634, 806, 3213, 310, 281, 2624, 253, 12134, 285, 17208, 326, 2847, 31767, 839, 15, 23195, 310, 247, 1618, 273, 12134, 326, 1056, 368, 13280, 1824, 13, 3560, 407, 247, 2159, 8813, 347, 281, 2139, 1016, 2739, 390, 5484, 943, 320, 5176, 275, 436, 3408, 15, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 28782, 38708, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 8639, 368, 1265, 1095, 4093, 479, 13, 309, 9023, 326, 846, 634, 854, 12664, 14311, 13, 368, 1833, 320, 2104, 281, 3324, 841, 12134, 28249, 896, 715, 634, 11484, 2098, 604, 368, 594, 8327, 13, 1309, 634, 596, 6606, 3408, 13, 285, 247, 1643, 1309, 634, 25619, 614, 3408, 15, 187, 187, 32473, 84, 281, 18665, 6408, 5402, 4597, 1004, 19368, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 9030, 10284, 64, 187, 187, 9030, 10284, 310, 247, 3511, 9400, 285, 310, 4541, 1146, 7478, 347, 581, 273, 253, 5962, 31767, 839, 285, 10142, 12696, 275, 12134, 15, 4051, 10284, 310, 247, 2570, 2601, 326, 4245, 10238, 697, 43546, 285, 310, 6685, 1892, 323, 634, 2133, 281, 19818, 15, 733, 434, 5431, 1119, 275, 954, 10238, 3580, 13, 2469, 284, 13, 285, 9731, 932, 15, 831, 10183, 342, 27665, 310, 752, 5644, 281, 10696, 285, 31767, 839, 15, 9870, 323, 33666, 14, 4924, 13301, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 52, 899, 64, 187, 187, 52, 899, 26022, 3831, 8708, 7006, 1925, 310, 1171, 19306, 2487, 15, 2053, 7006, 9632, 634, 2133, 281, 4711, 253, 14689, 25149, 13, 285, 25149, 5997, 634, 2133, 281, 4657, 4688, 285, 787, 4875, 15, 8464, 12991, 310, 271, 1774, 14689, 275, 2255, 285, 1821, 313, 3529, 434, 987, 1128, 3767, 452, 247, 1652, 25149, 1512, 30970, 380, 5691, 342, 25149, 310, 672, 634, 2133, 11330, 1512, 1199, 13, 534, 310, 4555, 2139, 19175, 310, 2624, 275, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 1128, 936, 3657, 25149, 31778, 2, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 6892, 265, 265, 285, 714, 462, 4405, 64, 187, 187, 42, 871, 436, 1537, 320, 247, 10458, 581, 13, 347, 12173, 285, 39191, 403, 3477, 10013, 686, 79, 8, 564, 4324, 285, 597, 9075, 1270, 15, 1292, 1097, 273, 841, 9569, 767, 7881, 15, 3973, 13, 597, 403, 10607, 342, 16184, 583, 313, 66, 8618, 1119, 275, 22759, 481, 1916, 14556, 19818, 16184, 583, 13, 634, 2133, 11330, 271, 9548, 1925, 16184, 511, 15, 2091, 368, 1053, 626, 452, 2217, 16184, 511, 13, 16184, 583, 476, 626, 320, 4751, 38780, 13, 8479, 31767, 839, 285, 3678, 313, 25737, 794, 30970, 380, 1273, 5691, 310, 326, 1142, 952, 452, 247, 4512, 37415, 281, 8463, 2601, 15, 380, 906, 476, 320, 6714, 47489, 13, 534, 5644, 281, 1481, 285, 9081, 35367, 347, 973, 347, 10696, 15, 3954, 368, 1537, 320, 4680, 13, 795, 7161, 588, 309, 320, 2970, 619, 11672, 19712, 19743, 13, 823, 4759, 10617, 90, 15737, 751, 42154, 13, 465, 1079, 13, 285, 3007, 472, 35599, 285, 4759, 15737, 751, 1795, 43363, 285, 347, 1148, 38252, 281, 634, 2098, 15, 1583, 403, 10607, 342, 11672, 285, 1053, 626, 2847, 31767, 839, 15, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 5330, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 688, 3213, 374, 273, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 13, 24373, 313, 12550, 1735, 3213, 582, 309, 5513, 2139, 352, 434, 1774, 281, 452, 41482, 347, 973, 347, 2644, 2739, 275, 634, 11484, 2098, 15, 5761, 273, 253, 8521, 41482, 275, 634, 2098, 513, 3831, 690, 8463, 2601, 13, 13415, 20112, 1160, 407, 17450, 6369, 285, 1294, 936, 13274, 90, 1160, 407, 8916, 7306, 3204, 15, 12571, 281, 253, 1039, 1097, 273, 841, 41482, 403, 1160, 13, 368, 10095, 626, 2793, 667, 36013, 7881, 326, 368, 1537, 13329, 342, 2644, 14, 22009, 76, 2601, 751, 12173, 285, 39191, 15, 1310, 368, 1335, 2793, 36013, 7881, 13, 3365, 5234, 281, 7238, 14, 11300, 2601, 390, 581, 273, 253, 8521, 4444, 14, 3169, 2601, 46697, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 7676, 967, 34073, 64, 187, 187, 1231, 2223, 4089, 13, 346, 34, 4353, 8618, 449, 2064, 3908, 2506, 626, 1056, 1199, 3282, 1580, 512, 38401, 313, 37609, 13, 15737, 13, 285, 19786, 13, 342, 9538, 1146, 253, 6517, 10, 403, 7218, 1025, 715, 8618, 15, 1737, 368, 2686, 878, 281, 3698, 323, 310, 22407, 8618, 13, 534, 310, 253, 2879, 8618, 326, 434, 1119, 275, 26996, 13, 29737, 13, 954, 11742, 12134, 13, 285, 594, 327, 15, 7567, 967, 36984, 2486, 10323, 667, 8618, 326, 434, 417, 10748, 12952, 275, 253, 2739, 15, 187, 187, 6872, 3510, 273, 36984, 24147, 634, 2614, 8618, 13, 534, 23785, 4688, 5718, 285, 1824, 17302, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 52, 16734, 14, 14344, 26048, 36335, 64, 187, 187, 35313, 452, 3678, 672, 41927, 8618, 14, 4924, 30961, 32, 733, 6569, 281, 954, 273, 441, 13, 285, 253, 43412, 310, 253, 8618, 14, 4924, 7353, 4330, 275, 253, 30961, 15, 380, 954, 908, 8618, 14, 4924, 7353, 36335, 2486, 27, 44928, 482, 13, 7044, 3615, 460, 13, 21791, 2713, 311, 13, 44994, 16180, 13, 285, 8227, 1544, 583, 15, 2053, 403, 346, 39182, 3, 36984, 326, 403, 4447, 342, 247, 4021, 8618, 12570, 326, 634, 2133, 476, 626, 19818, 15, 3932, 436, 12570, 476, 626, 320, 38780, 13, 253, 906, 310, 3678, 285, 31767, 839, 15, 1707, 310, 9828, 273, 2561, 326, 841, 2378, 14, 85, 483, 264, 49450, 618, 735, 778, 2686, 320, 7197, 323, 634, 2133, 685, 22407, 8618, 310, 15, 380, 1270, 3668, 310, 13, 627, 310, 2168, 247, 3626, 285, 5875, 7353, 4330, 327, 253, 2791, 1925, 331, 1173, 571, 13, 534, 476, 320, 38780, 407, 634, 2133, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 46061, 64, 187, 187, 42, 4456, 7487, 619, 2243, 452, 690, 1684, 30736, 342, 617, 7043, 13, 10369, 2, 1244, 253, 1735, 1388, 703, 651, 3894, 849, 268, 26948, 703, 3543, 15, 35794, 7043, 281, 634, 2739, 390, 9123, 11742, 2739, 313, 4609, 310, 10607, 342, 7043, 10, 588, 2847, 7863, 31767, 839, 15, 6000, 47663, 3358, 273, 11914, 45465, 1824, 13, 8479, 634, 2133, 281, 13280, 1824, 15, 380, 625, 7043, 368, 6008, 13, 253, 625, 31767, 839, 368, 1833, 2793, 15, 496, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 13, 253, 760, 7043, 368, 588, 452, 310, 253, 1355, 3626, 2408, 275, 253, 4076, 12134, 368, 1833, 320, 9123, 15, 1310, 368, 1472, 247, 7043, 21514, 751, 619, 2243, 13, 642, 878, 281, 18829, 13, 275, 634, 596, 6606, 3408, 13, 368, 476, 28249, 823, 7043, 896, 715, 634, 2098, 15, 5402, 767, 1682, 7043, 10165, 403, 6150, 7043, 285, 14863, 49389, 26782, 7043, 13, 347, 1097, 403, 3626, 285, 440, 36981, 285, 1361, 15338, 253, 31767, 839, 2538, 273, 3963, 2829, 7043, 15, 3771, 4456, 281, 897, 731, 28249, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 52, 17457, 16, 14918, 313, 37, 2880, 285, 35116, 11824, 187, 187, 42, 871, 436, 3548, 626, 247, 6966, 254, 13, 347, 359, 1472, 2183, 407, 2761, 4130, 281, 2624, 29737, 15, 1707, 434, 247, 1175, 1921, 281, 513, 436, 15, 1876, 3510, 273, 9359, 284, 403, 2120, 273, 17110, 13, 6315, 318, 313, 4609, 5997, 3678, 275, 634, 540, 383, 1100, 582, 285, 2057, 22407, 8618, 313, 12846, 29737, 10, 390, 8618, 14, 4924, 7353, 36335, 313, 69, 2880, 29737, 481, 1737, 309, 1849, 6311, 310, 952, 403, 7660, 281, 616, 29737, 13, 594, 309, 1353, 3365, 7004, 368, 281, 2624, 352, 323, 5093, 1897, 15, 1737, 368, 1833, 923, 310, 326, 5093, 1897, 1996, 13, 368, 1912, 626, 8034, 306, 29737, 10542, 285, 368, 1833, 320, 1679, 31767, 456, 15, 18603, 3330, 2, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 2422, 26898, 64, 187, 187, 4125, 368, 1537, 320, 4680, 13, 795, 42, 1869, 7665, 44317, 684, 479, 13, 594, 849, 476, 352, 787, 4875, 479, 19712, 6089, 368, 1472, 987, 326, 352, 44317, 684, 368, 15, 2091, 634, 2133, 9193, 352, 2506, 626, 452, 2217, 1824, 13, 352, 15036, 715, 1824, 14, 1221, 1075, 4438, 281, 4017, 3139, 13, 8558, 275, 2426, 273, 2614, 2685, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 7665, 13201, 84, 634, 27665, 407, 2403, 634, 2133, 7218, 907, 253, 7665, 806, 313, 267, 26898, 24692, 476, 626, 320, 908, 323, 2341, 10, 1078, 634, 2739, 310, 38780, 15, 4923, 273, 436, 27665, 5778, 13, 627, 310, 247, 3687, 4839, 323, 634, 2739, 281, 320, 7141, 347, 4688, 15, 6610, 13, 7665, 13201, 84, 634, 4600, 11945, 13, 285, 2406, 3290, 273, 4600, 18207, 625, 4073, 13, 285, 326, 18207, 625, 31767, 839, 15, 187, 187, 2598, 816, 751, 29737, 13, 2624, 253, 7665, 323, 5093, 1897, 15, 2635, 309, 1833, 921, 368, 849, 281, 28249, 789, 7665, 896, 715, 634, 1495, 247, 1652, 387, 247, 673, 275, 634, 596, 6606, 3408, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 36, 23520, 285, 330, 23510, 3901, 29464, 64, 187, 187, 10195, 273, 441, 2389, 8574, 285, 29106, 3901, 10331, 1128, 42, 871, 309, 513, 2, 1583, 1472, 2624, 432, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 281, 1361, 755, 634, 33903, 21147, 313, 12550, 9378, 10, 22269, 598, 285, 281, 6654, 562, 634, 32996, 2308, 15, 380, 35644, 275, 8574, 285, 10331, 23785, 271, 689, 14, 16690, 273, 20385, 16373, 432, 634, 33903, 21147, 13, 534, 310, 840, 2258, 3606, 342, 247, 3727, 273, 634, 4073, 14689, 32996, 313, 15627, 1199, 32996, 275, 634, 2133, 5644, 281, 25824, 23828, 4688, 481, 5595, 8574, 285, 29106, 3901, 10331, 5484, 398, 452, 10166, 616, 8248, 281, 10725, 327, 326, 35644, 16949, 1128, 10352, 1037, 634, 2133, 556, 2489, 46512, 281, 253, 35644, 15, 831, 5997, 368, 281, 897, 35644, 281, 8989, 690, 5368, 4600, 26367, 285, 18693, 15, 18665, 1076, 35644, 588, 5386, 253, 15223 ]	end your Detox phase to fourteen days (instead of seven) if one or more of these describe you: — You have fifty pounds or more to lose — You currently drink alcoholic beverages three or more times per week — You are a smoker • You extend your Detox phase because, under these conditions, it may take longer than seven days to detox and prepare your body for the Ignite phase. This extended detox will help maximize your body's fat-burning ability. Three Steps to Detox: Cut, Clean, Flush Your Detox phase loses your bloat as easy as 1, 2, 3: Step 1: Cut Step 2: Clean Step 3: Flush You cut the foods that bloat you, you add the clean foods to cleanse, and you flush the toxins with H2O. #### _Step 1: Cut_ Detoxing is all about cleaning out your system. Imagine getting an oil change for your car but only adding new oil and still using your old, dirty, and used-up oil filter. As fresh and high quality as that new oil is, it still will be processed through that old filter. This means your car's engine is still getting a lot of grime and grit from the old filter and losing the benefit of the new oil so it won't run as well as it could be running. This concept parallels perfectly with your body. Eating cleaner without detoxing is just like getting an oil change without changing your filter. It only solves part of the problem, so to maximize the cleaner foods you're eating, you also need to clean up your body's filters by removing all the gunk, which will get your metabolism running like a well-oiled machine! As you detox, you'll also be losing excess bloat. Bloating slows down the speed of your metabolism, inflates your weight, and makes your clothes feel a size too small. It's time to get you comfortably fitting back into your pre-baby jeans (this is true for both men and women) and lose that muffin top, aka love handles. To do that, your first step is to cut the foods and drinks that cause bloating. Below is a list of foods that make you retain water, followed by a short explanation as to why each food or drink should be removed in this phase. * * * Quick Tip * * * Before you start cursing me, I promise that after your 8 Week Run, you'll be able to bring these foods moderately back into your meal plan if you so desire, during your Thrive phase, and a few during your Ignite phase. Foods to Cut During Your Detox Phase #### _Gluten_ Gluten is a hot topic and is quickly being recognized as one of the biggest bloating and inflammatory ingredients in foods. Gluten is a complex protein that gives bread its elasticity and is extremely hard for your body to digest. It's typically found in most bread products, pastas, and cereals. This difficulty with digestion is what leads to inflammation and bloating. Look for gluten-free labels. #### _Soy_ Soybeans contain organic compounds called isoflavones. These compounds trigger your body to produce the hormone estrogen, and estrogen causes your body to store fat and bloat. Estrogen is an important hormone in women and men (that's right—men have a little estrogen too!). The challenge with estrogen is when your body produces too much, which is exactly why soy is cut in your Detox phase—to prevent estrogen overload! #### _Cheeses and Yogurt_ I know this might be a tough one, as cheese and yogurt are easy grab 'n' go proteins and they taste great. But both of these introduce two challenges. First, they are loaded with lactose (a sugar found in dairy). To efficiently digest lactose, your body produces an enzyme called lactase. When you don't have enough lactase, lactose can't be fully digested, causing bloating and gas (always fun!). The second challenge is that many people have a slight allergy to milk protein. The result can be excess mucus, which leads to head and chest congestion as well as inflammation. Now you might be thinking, _Where will I be getting my calcium?_ Simple, add green leafy vegetables like spinach, kale, and collard greens and green vegetables like broccoli and asparagus to your plan. They are loaded with calcium and don't cause bloating. * * * Exception * * * In step 2 of your Detox phase, Clean (your next step), I explain why it's important to have shakes as well as whole food in your meal plan. Two of the recommended shakes in your plan do contain some milk protein, Core Protein made by MYNT and Proto Whey made by Power Crunch. Due to the way both of these shakes are made, you shouldn't experience any digestive challenges that you might encounter with whole-milk protein like cheese and yogurt. If you still experience digestive challenges, simply switch to egg-white protein or one of the recommended plant-based protein powders. #### _Refined Sugar_ We often hear, "Avoid sugar." That statement doesn't make much sense since all carbohydrates (fruit, vegetables, and grains, with fiber being the exception) are metabolized into sugar. What you actually need to watch for is refined sugar, which is the added sugar that's found in candy, soda, most processed foods, and so on. Refined sugars include basically any sugar that's not naturally occurring in the food. These types of sugars spike your blood sugar, which triggers fat storage and water retention. #### _Sugar-Free Sweeteners_ Ever have gas when chewing sugar-free gum? It happens to most of us, and the culprit is the sugar-free sweetener in the gum. The most used sugar-free sweeteners include: aspartame, saccharine, sorbitol, xylitol, and sucralose. These are "fake" sugars that are formed with a double sugar molecule that your body can't digest. Since this molecule can't be digested, the result is gas and bloating. There is plenty of research that these once-touted calorie savers may actually be worse for your body than refined sugar is. The great news is, there is already a natural and healthy sweetener on the market called stevia, which can be digested by your body. #### _Salt_ I remember watching my mom have some popcorn with her salt, seriously! And the next day she would share how puffy she felt. Adding salt to your food or eating processed food (which is loaded with salt) will cause massive bloating. Every milligram of sodium attracts water, causing your body to retain water. The more salt you eat, the more bloating you'll experience. In your Detox phase, the only salt you will have is the small natural amount in the clean foods you'll be eating. If you're a salt lover like my mom, no need to panic, in your Thrive phase, you can moderately add salt back into your plan. Your two best salt choices are sea salt and pink Himalayan salt, as both are natural and unprocessed and help minimize the bloating effects of regular table salt. Just remember to use them moderately. #### _Soda/Pop (Diet and Regular)_ I know this isn't a shocker, as we're told by almost everyone to cut soda. There's a good reason to do this. All types of sodas are full of chemicals, carbonation (which causes gas in your intestines), and either refined sugar (regular soda) or sugar-free sweeteners (diet soda). What I've learned is people are attached to their soda, so I'm simply asking you to cut it for seven days. What you'll see is that seven days later, you won't crave soda anymore and you'll be less bloated. Double win! #### _Alcohol_ Now you might be thinking, _I thought alcohol dehydrates me, so how can it bloat me?_ Well you're right that it dehydrates you. When your body feels it doesn't have enough water, it shifts into water-retention mode to protect itself, primarily in terms of blood flow. In addition, alcohol disrupts your digestion by making your body metabolize the alcohol first (alcohol calories can't be used for energy) before your food is digested. Because of this digestion delay, there is a greater chance for your food to be stored as fat. Finally, alcohol disrupts your sleep cycles, and lower quality of sleep equals more stress, and that equals more bloating. So just like soda, cut the alcohol for seven days. Then I'll show you how to moderately work alcohol back into your life a little at a time in your Thrive phase. #### _Coffee and Caffeinated Tea_ Many of us love coffee and caffeinated tea—I know I do! They're cut from your Detox phase to help get your adrenal gland (your battery) cleaned up and to balance out your cortisol levels. The caffeine in coffee and tea triggers an over-release of adrenaline from your adrenal gland, which is then countered with a release of your stress hormone cortisol (too much cortisol in your body leads to unwanted belly fat). Most coffee and caffeinated tea drinkers have trained their bodies to rely on that caffeine rush—basically your body has become addicted to the caffeine. This causes you to use caffeine to mask some existing sleep deprivation and fatigue. Cutting caffeine will remove the fake
[ 413, 44041, 16112, 407, 3443, 21664, 1321, 2021, 187, 187, 395, 1424, 78, 318, 273, 521, 3392, 14, 249, 14, 6937, 187, 187, 250, 336, 1644, 32852, 432, 9011, 6086, 13054, 187, 187, 17932, 273, 187, 187, 3431, 3022, 273, 4033, 6595, 1157, 187, 187, 78, 11625, 2021, 281, 6193, 76, 3964, 30230, 24833, 14, 26, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 45010, 11933, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 24504, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 6086, 187, 187, 1405, 1507, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 284, 4033, 6595, 434, 18069, 1157, 1157, 655, 14, 938, 13, 1157, 4772, 1157, 21043, 14, 25, 13, 1157, 1157, 21748, 14, 26, 13, 1157, 24549, 14, 20, 13, 24727, 14, 22, 13, 187, 187, 26975, 273, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 1033, 1727, 23193, 342, 521, 3392, 187, 187, 38131, 8704, 1157, 27587, 14, 19, 187, 187, 18683, 3903, 10270, 273, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 281, 444, 1299, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 521, 3392, 25384, 14, 24, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 521, 3101, 187, 187, 395, 14924, 273, 4033, 6595, 347, 29921, 187, 187, 5309, 968, 253, 8663, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 32509, 460, 686, 41032, 6595, 8, 313, 46117, 14786, 67, 10, 1157, 1668, 14, 1166, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 24519, 14, 740, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 5332, 187, 187, 25857, 273, 187, 187, 26975, 273, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 84, 2066, 398, 432, 46886, 285, 9454, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 4033, 6595, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 251, 13319, 342, 3101, 285, 253, 4033, 2246, 187, 187, 17932, 273, 1638, 14, 1010, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 4651, 187, 187, 395, 7993, 434, 4081, 2021, 2892, 1458, 14, 1036, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 521, 4651, 187, 187, 38131, 8704, 187, 187, 395, 4033, 6595, 434, 8304, 187, 187, 250, 34274, 323, 14183, 17861, 29066, 6822, 1157, 187, 187, 284, 4322, 281, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 395, 6393, 4033, 6595, 434, 18830, 187, 187, 42618, 273, 521, 3101, 434, 8208, 281, 17129, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 78, 11625, 281, 8647, 3354, 7061, 15894, 24519, 14, 26, 187, 187, 250, 336, 1644, 10105, 280, 3877, 432, 427, 10059, 28940, 72, 1665, 187, 187, 7110, 1895, 342, 7013, 90, 339, 785, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 14884, 313, 52, 1190, 13917, 500, 406, 30024, 10, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 45351, 2516, 17294, 14, 22, 13, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 20145, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 6393, 1157, 15610, 14, 25, 13, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 6277, 187, 187, 25857, 273, 187, 187, 3467, 9429, 273, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 27862, 14, 2945, 13, 1157, 27146, 14, 22, 13, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 284, 4033, 6595, 434, 18069, 1157, 2164, 14, 22, 13, 22287, 14, 26, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 848, 14, 20, 13, 22750, 14, 24, 13, 22750, 14, 25, 187, 187, 38131, 8704, 1157, 27587, 14, 19, 187, 187, 284, 1566, 323, 7993, 9251, 23957, 187, 187, 8, 1145, 17447, 10010, 40725, 8, 342, 7493, 187, 187, 42618, 407, 521, 3101, 326, 4033, 6595, 369, 616, 686, 71, 17608, 24012, 8, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 521, 3101, 187, 187, 395, 14924, 273, 4033, 6595, 347, 29921, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 84, 2066, 398, 432, 2360, 44672, 22038, 14, 20, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 281, 444, 1299, 1157, 187, 187, 17932, 273, 1157, 187, 187, 46779, 247, 21242, 25193, 14, 24, 187, 187, 38839, 84, 281, 2740, 1959, 432, 4033, 6595, 1157, 23540, 14, 26, 13, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 598, 281, 12719, 26972, 14, 20, 187, 187, 84, 2066, 398, 432, 46886, 285, 9454, 1157, 187, 187, 8, 510, 8451, 273, 1500, 554, 8, 187, 187, 8510, 265, 767, 25443, 28131, 14, 24, 13, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 26876, 686, 47, 4173, 8, 187, 187, 395, 8923, 273, 4651, 285, 13189, 495, 14, 21, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 25857, 273, 187, 187, 395, 4033, 6595, 434, 588, 884, 14, 883, 285, 3877, 13, 187, 187, 395, 1375, 273, 4929, 434, 33129, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 4033, 6595, 1157, 22287, 14, 26, 13, 187, 187, 30132, 7882, 273, 1157, 187, 187, 8, 1145, 17447, 10010, 40725, 8, 342, 7493, 187, 187, 395, 14924, 273, 4033, 6595, 347, 29921, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 281, 444, 1299, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 327, 13319, 342, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 13982, 327, 4929, 6277, 434, 13216, 187, 187, 48235, 281, 418, 321, 466, 434, 3929, 327, 4033, 6595, 285, 521, 26379, 187, 187, 13982, 327, 6277, 434, 19361, 187, 187, 85, 7042, 427, 10059, 273, 6277, 434, 2471, 187, 187, 13982, 327, 7993, 434, 1375, 273, 2564, 187, 187, 395, 24973, 4837, 273, 23861, 281, 521, 21507, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 49567, 313, 46117, 388, 410, 14, 51, 3097, 1261, 10, 1157, 1668, 14, 1166, 13, 1157, 50276, 395, 3877, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 7993, 187, 187, 3467, 9429, 273, 495, 14, 21, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 25857, 273, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 4033, 6595, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1249, 14, 1012, 13, 1157, 2030, 14, 23, 13, 1157, 187, 187, 17932, 273, 1157, 187, 187, 8222, 273, 2137, 327, 818, 14, 25, 187, 187, 284, 6326, 2488, 273, 795, 510, 12143, 9893, 42287, 64, 187, 187, 2843, 1094, 342, 45931, 7395, 602, 1615, 1157, 187, 187, 1257, 3217, 247, 19600, 187, 187, 9750, 14033, 4112, 898, 14, 740, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 4033, 6595, 884, 14, 79, 187, 187, 395, 4033, 6595, 434, 588, 1157, 187, 187, 395, 253, 2021, 2892, 1903, 14, 1166, 13, 187, 187, 453, 438, 342, 38789, 36005, 1284, 371, 334, 187, 187, 64, 510, 353, 2061, 489, 64, 1903, 14, 1036, 13, 1157, 17574, 79, 13, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 84, 2066, 398, 432, 46886, 285, 9454, 1668, 14, 1166, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 2823, 11483, 3565, 34406, 273, 4033, 6595, 1722, 14, 1093, 187, 187, 22559, 661, 342, 399, 9761, 570, 327, 2021, 8213, 3349, 14, 1229, 13, 1157, 187, 187, 64, 510, 10231, 6086, 3443, 21664, 1321, 27, 329, 31851, 273, 521, 29027, 36525, 14, 1093, 2251, 64, 187, 187, 34716, 13216, 1157, 187, 187, 19389, 846, 795, 23852, 309, 4482, 1507, 251, 64, 12472, 79, 187, 187, 5643, 16997, 3491, 273, 795, 23852, 309, 4482, 1507, 251, 64, 187, 187, 37799, 281, 399, 10378, 24687, 14, 21, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 521, 3101, 187, 187, 249, 253, 3166, 531, 10947, 187, 187, 395, 14924, 273, 4033, 6595, 347, 29921, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 5309, 968, 253, 8663, 187, 187, 48235, 281, 427, 10059, 434, 28404, 187, 187, 13982, 327, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 6277, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 7110, 1895, 342, 7013, 90, 339, 785, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 25635, 1261, 686, 51, 400, 11170, 8, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 28612, 13917, 313, 46117, 3443, 21664, 1321, 10, 187, 187, 4175, 5896, 281, 15948, 1157, 20825, 14, 25, 187, 187, 8471, 5363, 342, 4033, 6595, 1157, 1157, 1157, 2145, 14, 1047, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 12036, 14, 23, 13, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 408, 1255, 285, 2471, 273, 1157, 21732, 14, 18, 13, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 617, 8290, 1157, 187, 187, 26617, 323, 617, 5938, 187, 187, 27040, 953, 617, 21507, 434, 13216, 13795, 1157, 187, 187, 10008, 285, 1894, 273, 1157, 1157, 1157, 12842, 14, 26, 13, 187, 187, 22559, 290, 323, 13031, 1771, 187, 187, 257, 5309, 656, 4693, 1495, 187, 187, 284, 1894, 275, 795, 23852, 309, 4482, 1507, 251, 64, 187, 187, 1405, 1507, 15948, 387, 247, 8955, 3128, 187, 187, 4534, 953, 48555, 418, 790, 22604, 15610, 14, 25, 187, 187, 12237, 35554, 273, 187, 187, 19598, 598, 7619, 11849, 2136, 1157, 187, 187, 14014, 275, 45904, 1204, 285, 39928, 14635, 21300, 14, 1235, 13, 18672, 14, 18, 13, 187, 187, 7053, 4804, 342, 4033, 6595, 21786, 14, 20, 13, 964, 187, 187, 9750, 14033, 4112, 273, 22769, 14, 1549, 187, 187, 20014, 7299, 3753, 273, 24687, 14, 21, 13, 187, 187, 395, 9749, 285, 2471, 273, 15948, 26235, 14, 22, 13, 25384, 14, 24, 187, 187, 46535, 617, 588, 187, 187, 2083, 454, 1131, 6393, 4033, 6595, 434, 18830, 25305, 14, 26, 187, 187, 9846, 12059, 407, 4033, 6595, 23627, 14, 24, 187, 187, 251, 13319, 387, 330, 10422, 28195, 14, 23, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 32905, 187, 187, 64, 18868, 8273, 64, 187, 187, 15288, 583, 3062, 13, 47784, 187, 187, 22653, 506, 313, 4257, 14541, 1373, 4370, 10, 187, 187, 22434, 284, 13, 12694, 187, 187, 22434, 284, 13, 444, 15, 55, 15, 50276, 395, 3877, 13, 187, 187, 45, 321, 466, 13, 1219, 1988, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 12223, 561, 13, 42266, 187, 187, 13815, 69, 6540, 434, 19600, 187, 187, 46, 471, 647, 13, 48125, 1157, 1157, 1157, 6879, 14, 23, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 64, 510, 16061, 273, 500, 15, 46, 15, 35, 3333, 1722, 14, 1093, 13, 187, 187, 46, 471, 647, 13, 20145, 313, 46117, 7634, 570, 14, 27595, 10, 187, 187, 11773, 44, 13685, 13, 5171, 21886, 79, 187, 187, 11773, 21173, 266, 13, 5490, 187, 187, 13815, 79, 356, 384, 257, 13, 29835, 1157, 1157, 50276, 395, 3877, 187, 187, 19008, 75, 301, 13, 43433, 12843, 39509, 187, 187, 17557, 292, 13, 473, 19399, 50276, 395, 3877, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 64, 1466, 1336, 64, 187, 187, 31900, 2327, 13, 401, 15, 45, 15, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 9709, 15188, 487, 3107, 13, 12824, 1157, 187, 187, 11063, 3964, 13, 8148, 942, 187, 187, 9709, 363, 1519, 21571, 13, 388, 15, 35, 15, 50276, 395, 3877, 187, 187, 46, 511, 3423, 13, 2516, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 35147, 676, 13, 24958, 329, 15, 1157, 11334, 79, 187, 187, 46, 1187, 13, 329, 15, 38, 15, 56, 15, 50276, 395, 3877, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 16490, 2496, 13, 330, 6147, 300, 187, 187, 16490, 2496, 13, 28084, 7896, 1157, 187, 187, 23021, 5830, 13, 33003, 48718, 466, 12387, 79, 187, 187, 46, 46929, 13, 6086, 1157, 12643, 79, 187, 187, 46, 265, 961, 13, 36373, 12705, 187, 187, 46, 21776, 13, 12734, 6939, 80, 372, 187, 187, 21173, 4631, 13, 2516, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 21173, 4631, 13, 6393, 187, 187, 21173, 274, 13, 8444, 388, 37674, 1157, 1157, 1157, 11084, 79, 13, 187, 187, 21173, 274, 13, 47569, 29501, 14, 22, 187, 187, 21173, 274, 13, 32509, 187, 187, 9304, 661, 273, 3050, 3767, 3964, 187, 187, 7673, 1952, 372, 49871, 13, 13089, 14, 26106, 10999, 187, 187, 18968, 11436, 13, 26118, 11975, 187, 187, 18968, 4448, 13, 7252, 8688, 79, 187, 187, 18968, 83, 17469, 13, 31270, 187, 187, 46, 37181, 13, 2516, 33210, 1988, 187, 187, 46, 375, 1962, 868, 13, 36172, 7543, 14, 3357, 13, 7288, 14, 23, 13, 11275, 14, 1438, 13, 1157, 12643, 79, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 64, 688, 3452, 3296, 571, 342, 3443, 21664, 1321, 64, 8073, 79, 187, 187, 64, 16760, 313, 4316, 1502, 10, 46335, 64, 187, 187, 41539, 1665, 13, 27261, 50276, 395, 3877, 187, 187, 47, 3592, 868, 1456, 13, 6827, 187, 187, 64, 4257, 2816, 8439, 273, 16103, 64, 187, 187, 64, 4257, 2816, 7717, 64, 187, 187, 64, 4257, 2816, 33602, 64, 187, 187, 47, 469, 3017, 13, 411, 15, 37, 15, 12643, 79, 187, 187, 47, 469, 42304, 13, 9011, 7252, 187, 187, 22427, 5308, 13, 3196, 22739, 187, 187, 64, 3650, 43317, 9109, 64, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 26600, 503, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 14909, 25183, 686, 10697, 610, 8, 8319, 14, 20, 13, 1157, 21445, 14, 21, 187, 187, 48, 44626, 11170, 13, 20145, 187, 187, 4175, 5896, 285, 4201, 273, 2151, 9135, 14, 26, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 3347, 5119, 8978, 14, 3832, 13, 1157, 187, 187, 1665, 434, 34406, 273, 8978, 79, 13, 5571, 14, 18, 187, 187, 46397 ]	kewarm reception by du Maurier family and cremation of his father-in-law receives briefs from Sir George Lewis character of dislike of Barrie , moves family to Berkhamsted 178-9 Llewelyn Davies, Crompton , Llewelyn Davies, Emily Llewelyn Davies, George meets Barrie as Barrie's favourite , , 19-20, , __ , 157-8, , , 168-9, , 171-3, 174-5, death of , , spends holidays with his father aura surrounding , 221-2 melancholy of goes to Eton and death of his father 186-7 and death of his mother and acceptance of Barrie as guardian joins the Army Llewelyn Davies, Geraldine 'Gerrie' (née Gibb) , 16-17, , , , 208-10 Llewelyn Davies, Jack birth of death of , , suffers from melancholy and depression , , , , relationship with Barrie , , , on holiday with mother and the Barries character of 14-15 and death of parents and Peter's proposed family history 15-16 relationship with his parents aura surrounding and Barrie's estate recommended for Osborne Naval College , as threat to Barrie and Mary Barrie's affair told of his mother's intention to marry Barrie moves to Campden Hill Square 208-9 receives cryptic note from Nanny Hodgson has problem with emphysema Llewelyn Davies, Jane (Sylvia Jocelyn) Llewelyn Davies, Reverend John 124-5, Llewelyn Davies, Margaret , , , , , Llewelyn Davies, Mary , 127-8, Llewelyn Davies, Michael birth of suicide of , , , , , 239-42, , 244-5, , , as Barrie's favourite , 24-5, 158-9, , , , 201-3, 205-7, 205-8 aura surrounding , 221-2 as model for Peter Pan statue 'Antarctic exploits' with Scott told by his mother that Barrie was their 'fairy prince' and death of his mother and acceptance of Barrie as guardian , , suffers from nightmares 202-3 goes to Eton , character of , considered a genius 206-7 attempts to break free from Barrie , 235-9, goes up to Oxford 232-3 suffers from melancholy and depression , 'The Island of Sheep' writes two poems 236-7, , Llewelyn Davies, Nicholas 'Nico' and deaths of parents and brothers 3-4, , , , , birth of and Barrie's will 10-11 and note, and state of brother's finances relationship with Barrie , 158-9, mental stability of , 'Antarctic exploits' with Scott and acceptance of Barrie as guardian , , goes to Eton goes on holiday with Barrie comment on brother Michael's personality reaction to Lurie's article on Barrie and his siblings comment on Michael's poem tells Nanny of Michael's death comment on Peter's state of mind and unveiling of plaque to his grandfather Llewelyn Davies, Peggy (née Hore-Ruthven) , 16-17, , and note Llewelyn Davies, Peter suicide of 3-4, , , , , birth of relationship with Barrie , , , 12-13, , 25-6, , character of , effect of war on 7-8 as supposed author of _The Boy Castaways_ affair with Vera Willoughby , becomes a publisher financial situation 9-10 and death of Barrie 10-n and Barrie's will , and the family history 11-17, feud with Cynthia Asquith _The Morgue_ 11-16, , 126n, , , suffers from melancholy and depression 16-17, , , , commissions official biography of Barrie 17-18 talks with Daphne on family matters 28-30, , _The Young George du Maurier: A Selection of his Letters 1860-1867_ dual personality , named after _Peter Ibbetson_ 116n treasures copy of _Peter Ibbetson_ visit to Dolly 173-4 and death of his mother in the Doone Valley and acceptance of Barrie as guardian , , joins the Army reaction to Nanny's resignation comment on Barrie and death of Michael , , has problem with emphysema Llewelyn Davies, Ruthven 'Rivvy' , Llewelyn Davies, Sylvia (née du Maurier) marriage to Arthur , 147-8 friendship with Barrie , , , 13-14, , , , , 160-6, , , illness and death of , 190-1, , , relationship with her boys , love for her husband inherits her grandfather's personality traits , description and character of , , , 128-9, talent for mockery enjoys London life as character in _Peter Ibbetson_ meets Arthur at a dinner party visits Kirby Lonsdale 127-8 double persona of sets up dressmaking business , interest in hypnotism and psychic arts 149-50, 170-1, first meeting with Barrie 152-3, . financial situation of 159-60 morbid nature of 173-4, and illness and death of Arthur 183-5, 186-7 makes her will encourages Mary Barrie's affair 188-9 will altered by Barrie 195-7 on holiday at Caux 295-6 Llewelyn Davies, Timothy _London Society_ Loosemore, Nurse Luath (Newfoundland dog) Lucas, Elizabeth Lucas, E.V. and note, Lurie, Alison , Lutyens, Edwin Macdonald's publisher Mackail, Denis , , , 75-6, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , _The Story of J.M.B._ 17-18, Mackail, Margaret (née Burne-Jones) McKenna, Paul 141n McMillan, James Macnaghten, Hugh , , and note Madjid, Sultan Prince Abdul Malet, Oriel and note, , , , , , , , , , , , , _Letters_ Marcuse, F.L. , , Marjoribanks, Edward , Markham, Clements Marriott Watson, H.B. and note Masefield, John , , Maslow, Abraham A. , 111n Mason, A.E.W. and note, , , , Maude, Cyril Maude, Pamela , Melba, Dame Nellie 117n Meredith, George , 118n Mesmer, Franz Anton Meyer, Professor Milo de Millais, John , , , , Millais, Mary Millar, Charles Hoyer , , , 130n, Millar, Geoffrey 254-5 Millar, Gerald Monks of Medmenham Moreau de Tours, Jean-Jacques Morrell, Ottoline Morris, William 99n Morrisson, Kenneth Morton, John Maddison Moscheles, Felix 47-53, 55-6, 79-80, , 118n, , , , _In Bohemia with du Maurier_ 52n _National (Scots) Observer_ Neilson, Julia and note Nettleship, Mrs _New York Review of Books_ _New York Times_ _New York Tribune_ Nichols, W.D. 118n Nicholson, Sir William Norwood, Dr Rachel _Nottingham Journal_ , , Occult , , , , Octavia 'Carry' 51-3, , 143-4 Ogilvy, Margaret marriage and birth of children 58-9 and death of son David 59-61, , son's biography of 59n, 70-1 relationship
[ 28, 1214, 49, 19, 28, 1214, 49, 20, 28, 1214, 3299, 62, 403, 2168, 1246, 281, 690, 6070, 275, 253, 29709, 2929, 1008, 49, 21, 1570, 187, 187, 38418, 326, 767, 5231, 30780, 2592, 2000, 72, 1009, 285, 9722, 2859, 64, 72, 1009, 273, 247, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 327, 247, 2803, 403, 753, 281, 320, 475, 11872, 27442, 11, 604, 627, 4961, 271, 20169, 669, 3442, 5, 824, 326, 253, 27442, 40755, 669, 3442, 1926, 2592, 2000, 72, 393, 3442, 2497, 18, 724, 18207, 669, 2859, 64, 72, 5, 598, 281, 271, 6703, 40755, 15, 187, 187, 510, 9162, 598, 281, 8346, 12993, 1974, 273, 5231, 273, 247, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 327, 13, 1333, 13, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 310, 271, 1774, 2256, 15, 831, 9162, 556, 644, 6312, 13, 806, 323, 19870, 2390, 407, 1716, 5210, 1008, 36, 20, 28, 1214, 36, 21, 1092, 323, 6486, 2390, 407, 8302, 1008, 25324, 18, 62, 285, 4720, 13, 323, 42133, 2390, 407, 473, 68, 570, 40160, 1008, 48, 68, 5218, 667, 767, 8346, 5180, 24, 62, 5231, 273, 271, 42133, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 403, 8346, 27442, 313, 9154, 260, 6711, 2148, 27442, 481, 187, 187, 34, 1106, 432, 42133, 2390, 13, 8302, 8058, 275, 1008, 25324, 19, 62, 326, 667, 1327, 14, 312, 14760, 1387, 19943, 387, 1878, 767, 1327, 8346, 27442, 5231, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 15, 23449, 432, 5231, 13, 581, 671, 2175, 475, 68, 6711, 2148, 5231, 11, 273, 247, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 327, 247, 2803, 370, 47, 18965, 5870, 273, 3772, 45911, 30780, 2592, 2000, 72, 14548, 72, 393, 249, 443, 724, 824, 326, 2367, 2592, 2000, 72, 1926, 2592, 2000, 73, 426, 1926, 2592, 2026, 18068, 724, 40090, 271, 6703, 40755, 2367, 4820, 92, 3837, 599, 86, 578, 72, 13, 73, 3303, 835, 253, 3943, 3927, 370, 86, 578, 72, 13, 73, 724, 10517, 247, 370, 19, 2911, 68, 6711, 2148, 5886, 15, 187, 187, 688, 253, 3786, 11106, 2987, 327, 42133, 1387, 5231, 13, 352, 310, 2011, 347, 973, 326, 667, 260, 6711, 2148, 2250, 273, 271, 42133, 1387, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 310, 8346, 27442, 281, 247, 13241, 2250, 15, 12278, 66, 14923, 436, 906, 281, 10341, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2616, 275, 1008, 49, 24, 1570, 496, 1008, 36, 43, 1092, 1716, 5210, 285, 8302, 8818, 13, 323, 667, 11968, 2867, 313, 53, 10, 1387, 370, 40, 1366, 6667, 273, 260, 6711, 2148, 5231, 273, 370, 40, 5, 327, 253, 1959, 1387, 2803, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 39, 26136, 3259, 1009, 326, 403, 1327, 8346, 27442, 281, 247, 13241, 2250, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 10316, 441, 281, 253, 9400, 273, 1008, 49, 21, 1570, 12278, 66, 23970, 767, 8346, 12993, 1974, 38318, 323, 247, 313, 68, 6711, 2148, 10, 2250, 327, 247, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 27, 253, 7936, 1387, 285, 253, 6637, 15, 2053, 38318, 403, 10302, 275, 1008, 49, 21, 62, 323, 253, 1716, 5210, 14, 998, 60, 7256, 1181, 83, 961, 10246, 276, 25658, 5231, 13, 27012, 253, 1563, 10012, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 370, 40, 5, 320, 247, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 1387, 15, 2635, 370, 40, 5, 19943, 247, 5415, 2021, 273, 1327, 8346, 27442, 5231, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 15, 5220, 13, 370, 40, 5, 19943, 247, 5415, 2021, 273, 260, 6711, 2148, 5231, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 326, 403, 1327, 8346, 27442, 281, 247, 13241, 2250, 15, 187, 187, 11389, 16157, 1712, 44295, 14, 2013, 7969, 964, 22322, 94, 187, 11311, 187, 187, 1231, 5469, 275, 2508, 849, 12278, 66, 761, 12239, 1491, 327, 247, 1387, 2250, 432, 253, 13405, 1885, 8697, 370, 45, 2850, 3259, 9, 57, 1337, 1906, 10, 393, 1378, 1022, 443, 1352, 1623, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 281, 752, 6070, 247, 1387, 8449, 38430, 8697, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 1009, 31947, 253, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 32, 15997, 1652, 310, 1929, 327, 436, 1895, 15, 1716, 5210, 457, 19651, 10012, 1008, 36, 23, 62, 3054, 326, 512, 253, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2616, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 1009, 2931, 407, 42133, 32207, 2390, 370, 40, 5, 403, 25783, 281, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 15, 8079, 13, 597, 403, 512, 475, 249, 25667, 11, 1447, 6377, 15, 35428, 696, 5180, 25, 62, 285, 1716, 5210, 2722, 275, 1008, 36, 23, 62, 253, 34002, 273, 253, 39510, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 15, 18544, 1981, 285, 10664, 3800, 484, 1008, 2775, 62, 452, 2011, 326, 253, 1387, 8449, 38430, 21360, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 12523, 4220, 1009, 403, 1327, 14, 261, 13468, 604, 581, 3936, 40940, 669, 4220, 5, 275, 669, 4820, 92, 6104, 1603, 18, 13, 79, 1009, 323, 1027, 2193, 273, 370, 79, 1352, 187, 187, 6080, 1387, 8449, 38430, 21360, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 1009, 476, 359, 3542, 347, 973, 347, 253, 13405, 1885, 407, 247, 1959, 21651, 23329, 2250, 313, 2858, 417, 512, 13, 1580, 15914, 280, 2651, 14573, 1008, 55, 10986, 18, 62, 2692, 326, 253, 1959, 1387, 2616, 2550, 320, 3542, 275, 436, 1039, 481, 844, 452, 323, 4227, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 4820, 92, 7084, 4935, 79, 11400, 1991, 92, 59, 12104, 393, 77, 3181, 1926, 1991, 92, 59, 7294, 79, 10, 426, 418, 2850, 3259, 5716, 1991, 92, 53, 7294, 79, 10, 393, 1378, 1022, 1926, 4820, 92, 7084, 4935, 79, 11400, 1991, 92, 59, 39049, 8035, 1650, 8414, 275, 4028, 253, 10246, 276, 25658, 2250, 13405, 1885, 370, 45, 2850, 3259, 9, 57, 1337, 1906, 10, 393, 1378, 1022, 443, 5, 347, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 4244, 835, 253, 475, 88, 250, 506, 1885, 11, 1387, 2367, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 5, 310, 2931, 347, 253, 3300, 301, 4128, 1885, 2367, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 3843, 5081, 36985, 578, 72, 393, 249, 443, 94, 1926, 1991, 92, 59, 12104, 393, 1378, 1022, 443, 1352, 12278, 66, 457, 84, 8449, 38430, 2266, 40350, 10012, 840, 8018, 253, 1563, 906, 15, 733, 476, 320, 2783, 347, 247, 4103, 2715, 273, 1716, 5210, 457, 24366, 1008, 36, 22, 1092, 534, 3054, 326, 1561, 253, 966, 273, 32207, 2867, 313, 53, 10, 2390, 13, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 64, 18, 10, 393, 14829, 1926, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 64, 19, 1009, 604, 285, 760, 604, 370, 40, 64, 18, 187, 61, 14829, 443, 64, 19, 1352, 12278, 66, 457, 84, 906, 8473, 84, 14888, 1242, 575, 783, 7140, 273, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 32207, 2390, 715, 253, 7140, 273, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2616, 15, 187, 187, 3039, 370, 40, 5, 285, 669, 4220, 5, 403, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 32207, 2390, 13, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 10, 393, 14829, 187, 464, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 393, 4220, 1009, 604, 285, 760, 604, 370, 40, 393, 14829, 393, 4220, 1352, 5076, 13, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 1009, 556, 14916, 7936, 1387, 323, 667, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 32207, 1387, 370, 40, 1352, 187, 187, 14918, 66, 457, 84, 8449, 38430, 2266, 40350, 10012, 310, 275, 958, 625, 10799, 685, 253, 2715, 4767, 1840, 15, 1284, 359, 3091, 923, 275, 6899, 905, 7801, 15, 9072, 14, 10389, 14283, 696, 2708, 13, 253, 2266, 40350, 10012, 4483, 347, 973, 281, 11897, 253, 1387, 2367, 4820, 92, 5677, 599, 46, 5, 273, 8346, 3772, 45911, 273, 370, 46, 426, 187, 45, 2850, 3259, 9, 57, 1337, 1906, 10, 393, 1378, 1022, 443, 1366, 835, 370, 40, 5, 310, 247, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 32207, 1387, 285, 370, 40, 187, 464, 33356, 2501, 918, 1603, 57, 1337, 1906, 1009, 697, 10246, 276, 25658, 2250, 15, 2635, 13, 16207, 4820, 92, 5677, 599, 46, 393, 14829, 1926, 4820, 92, 8662, 599, 40, 393, 1378, 1022, 187, 61, 1124, 2386, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 23628, 57, 13, 40, 9783, 40, 94, 11549, 26325, 835, 2367, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 23628, 57, 13, 40, 1009, 310, 253, 1387, 273, 2557, 2317, 310, 29675, 669, 3442, 1163, 1594, 1926, 4287, 94, 57, 5, 323, 534, 627, 4961, 247, 669, 3005, 393, 249, 1926, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 40, 5, 824, 326, 669, 3442, 9, 72, 393, 3830, 1269, 10, 426, 393, 3005, 9, 72, 10, 187, 61, 3830, 393, 3442, 9, 89, 1009, 2761, 11678, 15, 24207, 669, 3442, 64, 72, 9, 89, 10, 426, 305, 393, 3830, 1269, 1366, 581, 8473, 84, 370, 40, 393, 45233, 1926, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 23628, 57, 13, 40, 3822, 5838, 25761, 326, 2367, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 23628, 57, 13, 40, 1009, 9090, 4428, 1529, 3491, 273, 370, 40, 5, 8534, 407, 10246, 276, 25658, 15036, 327, 253, 643, 1930, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1008, 3123, 49, 1092, 26810, 3230, 13, 29897, 285, 12278, 66, 4647, 253, 5700, 273, 19972, 16, 10389, 14283, 275, 253, 4336, 1027, 3634, 273, 47780, 312, 456, 1959, 3580, 13, 27012, 253, 806, 6667, 273, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2616, 342, 14916, 8346, 40755, 1387, 15, 18770, 625, 310, 2218, 275, 1008, 3123, 49, 1092, 835, 2686, 247, 8449, 38430, 2715, 273, 28219, 14, 6075, 250, 3762, 310, 3715, 15, 187, 187, 22505, 2747, 1712, 33635, 2747, 964, 22322, 94, 187, 10521, 187, 187, 20197, 42, 6311, 670, 12278, 66, 457, 84, 789, 1309, 521, 7418, 29608, 275, 7785, 285, 521, 2282, 275, 253, 10595, 60, 3539, 1181, 463, 372, 6181, 275, 253, 2965, 273, 6157, 15, 733, 310, 619, 11284, 281, 3890, 619, 5890, 383, 6701, 281, 24367, 249, 12278, 66, 323, 512, 776, 11985, 285, 323, 521, 34598, 387, 41742, 15, 309, 5717, 9309, 265, 8229, 14363, 261, 323, 521, 7418, 16157, 285, 253, 2862, 1897, 359, 5262, 16585, 253, 1246, 2505, 15, 309, 4720, 2335, 5649, 432, 253, 16157, 273, 29730, 60, 860, 1181, 965, 257, 1219, 42356, 13, 31231, 743, 386, 9432, 14990, 13, 17218, 26983, 2071, 3903, 472, 13, 1219, 404, 1716, 5210, 13, 5119, 14826, 13, 12304, 1914, 443, 2735, 571, 86, 13, 35176, 90, 427, 15897, 3942, 1173, 13, 31419, 4696, 367, 469, 302, 13, 1219, 404, 4009, 5464, 285, 5682, 15914, 280, 2651, 14573, 15, 9375, 281, 512, 273, 368, 2, 4622, 187, 187, 49, 26827, 249, 3927, 285, 29793, 187, 1702, 18669, 187, 187, 55, 251, 38430, 21360, 13, 20274, 13, 2761, 15316, 3054, 285, 1387, 5231, 1712, 29997, 14, 11312, 1136, 14, 38840, 14, 1206, 1951, 14, 25855, 14, 38847, 14, 21196, 14, 395, 14, 4399, 14, 3518, 964, 22322, 94, 187, 43067, 187, 187, 34937, 370, 46, 11400, 1588, 92, 46, 8503, 47, 11400, 1588, 92, 47, 8503, 34, 11400, 1588, 92, 34, 4018, 9173, 475, 29997, 38430, 21360, 4556, 28285, 326, 247, 8449, 38430, 8697, 310, 247, 1327, 14, 42253, 26647, 273, 247, 2557, 2317, 13, 253, 21360, 370, 45, 2850, 3259, 9, 57, 1337, 1906, 1009, 1146, 253, 31106, 6667, 15, 2896, 5426, 13, 247, 8449, 38430, 8697, 310, 247, 22112, 4581, 440, 1562, 370, 3503, 2911, 2377, 20190, 273, 2367, 4820, 92, 35, 4935, 41, 1009, 323, 690, 23326, 2317, 370, 41, 1352, 32271, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 3080, 6040, 1926, 4820, 92, 35, 4935, 41, 1009, 310, 247, 8449, 38430, 8697, 13, 253, 475, 2823, 307, 386, 11, 273, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 4018, 310, 17007, 407, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 599, 9805, 285, 8414, 273, 253, 9158, 275, 2367, 4820, 92, 35, 4935, 41, 1009, 49681, 342, 512, 253, 9158, 275, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 11971, 36372, 38430, 457, 84, 475, 46372, 297, 10082, 386, 11, 10012, 3054, 326, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 16052, 5994, 61, 5994, 94, 426, 1926, 1588, 92, 46, 4018, 285, 436, 13919, 45589, 8449, 38430, 21360, 2190, 253, 440, 1562, 370, 3503, 2911, 2377, 38840, 273, 2367, 4820, 92, 35, 4935, 41, 3822, 329, 475, 19012, 11, 310, 247, 8449, 38430, 8697, 342, 14916, 4055, 13, 891, 15, 70, 15, 575, 29152, 1588, 92, 46, 3080, 4421, 1926, 1588, 92, 46, 47481, 426, 1926, 1991, 92, 36, 599, 18, 1352, 187, 187 ]	; @P2; @P3; @PS] are already present to some extent in the breakthrough paper [@P4]. Recall that two actions $({\sigma}_g)$ and $(\rho_g)$ of a group $G$ on a factor are said to be outer conjugate if there exists an isomorphism $\Delta$ such that the conjugate automorphism $\Delta {\sigma}_g \Delta^{-1}$ equals $\rho_g$ up to an inner automorphism. The classification up to outer conjugacy of actions of a group $G$ on, say, the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor is an important subject. This classification has been completed, first for cyclic groups by Connes [@C3; @C4], for finite groups by Jones [@Jon1] and finally, for amenable groups by Ocneanu [@Oc]: any two outer[^7] actions of an amenable group $G$ on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor are outer conjugate (even cocycle conjugate). Away from amenable groups, Jones proved in [@Jon2] that any non-amenable group admits at least two non outer conjugate actions on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor. Apart from actions, one also studies cocycle actions of a group $G$ on a factor $N$: families of automorphisms $({\sigma}_g)_{g \in G}$ such that ${\sigma}_g {\sigma}_h = {\sigma}_{gh}$ modulo an inner automorphism ${\operatorname{Ad}}u_{g,h}$, where the unitaries $u_{g,h}$ satisfy a $2$-cocycle relation. In the previously cited works on amenable group actions, it is shown as well that any cocycle action of an amenable group on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor is outer conjugate to a genuine action. Popa generalized this result to arbitrary II$_1$ factors in [@P7]. In [@CJ], Connes and Jones constructed, for any infinite property (T) group $G$, examples of cocycle actions of $G$ on the free group factor ${\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{F}}_\infty)$ that are non outer conjugate to a genuine action. This brings us to the topic of [@P4]. Popa introduces two outer conjugacy invariants for a (cocycle) action on a II$_1$ factor: the fundamental group and the spectrum. These invariants are computed in [@P4] for the Connes-St[ø]{}rmer Bernoulli actions, yielding the following theorem. Let $G$ be a $w$-rigid group. Then $G$ admits a continuous family of non outer conjugate actions on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor. Also, $G$ admits a continuous family of cocycle actions on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor that are non outer conjugate to a genuine action. Further remarks {#further-remarks .unnumbered} --------------- We discussed in detail how Popa recovers information on a group action from the crossed product algebra $L^\infty(X,\mu) \rtimes G$. On the other hand, to what extent a group von Neumann algebra ${\mathcal{L}}(G)$ remembers the group $G$? Very little is known on this problem. Connes’ celebrated theorem [@C6] states that all the II$_1$ factors ${\mathcal{L}}(G)$ defined by amenable ICC groups $G$ are isomorphic to the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor. Indeed, they are all injective\[page.conditional\][^8] and Connes shows in [@C6] the uniqueness of the injective II$_1$ factor. Cowling and Haagerup [@CH] have shown that the group von Neumann algebras ${\mathcal{L}}(\Gamma)$ are non-isomorphic if one takes lattices $\Gamma$ in $\operatorname{Sp}(1,n)$ for different values of $n$. Some group von Neumann algebras ${\mathcal{L}}(G)$ can we written as well as the crossed product by a free ergodic action (but not all, since Voiculescu [@Voi1] showed that the free group factors cannot be written in this way). We have for instance ${\mathcal{L}}({\operatorname{SL}}(n,{\mathbb{Z}}) \ltimes {\mathbb{Z}}^n) = L^\infty({\mathbb{T}}^n) \rtimes {\operatorname{SL}}(n,{\mathbb{Z}})$. Another example consists in writing the Bernoulli action crossed product $L^\infty(X,\mu) \rtimes G$ as ${\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{Z}}\wr G)$, where the wreath product group ${\mathbb{Z}}\wr G$ is defined as the semidirect product ${\mathbb{Z}}\wr G := (\bigoplus_{g \in G} {\mathbb{Z}}) \rtimes G$. Popa’s von Neumann strong rigidity theorem then implies the following result. It can be considered as a relative version of Connes’ conjecture [@C5], which states that within the class of ICC property (T) groups, ${\mathcal{L}}(G_1) \cong {\mathcal{L}}(G_2)$ if and only if $G_1 \cong G_2$. Popa’s result embeds injectively the category of $w$-rigid ICC groups into the category of II$_1$ factors. When $G$ and $\Gamma$ are $w$-rigid ICC groups, ${\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{Z}}\wr G) \cong {\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{Z}}\wr \Gamma)$ if and only if $G \cong \Gamma$. Moreover, ${\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{Z}}\wr G)$ has trivial fundamental group for any $w$-rigid ICC group $G$. Popa’s von Neumann strong rigidity theorem is in fact more precise than the version stated above. As we shall see in Theorem \[thm.strong-rigidity\] below, the strong rigidity theorem allows as well to compute the group ${\operatorname{Out}}M$ of outer automorphisms of $M = L^\infty(X,\mu) \rtimes G$, where $G$ is a $w$-rigid ICC group and $G {\curvearrowright}(X,\mu)$ its Bernoulli action. Then, $${\operatorname{Out}}M \cong {\operatorname{Char}}G \rtimes \frac{{\operatorname{Aut}}^(X,G)}{G} \; ,$$ where ${\operatorname{Aut}}^(X,G)$ is the group of measure space isomorphisms $\Delta : X {\rightarrow}X$ for which there exists a $\delta \in {\operatorname{Aut}}G$ such that $\Delta(g \cdot x) = \delta(g) \cdot \Delta(x)$ almost everywhere. Writing $\Delta_g(x) = g \cdot x$, one embeds $G \hookrightarrow {\operatorname{Aut}}^(X,G)$. Note moreover that ${\operatorname{Aut}}^(X,G)$ obviously contains another copy of $G$ acting by Bernoulli shifts on the other side. In [@IPP], Ioana, Peterson and Popa apply the strategy of deformation/rigidity in the completely different context of amalgamated free products, yielding the first examples of II$_1$ factors with trivial outer automorphism group. Much more is done in [@IPP], where actually a von Neumann version of Bass-Serre theory is developed. Acknowledgment {#acknowledgment .unnumbered} -------------- [I learned about Popa’s work during his numerous lectures in Paris and his course in the Coll[è]{}ge de France in the fall of 2004. It is my pleasure to express my warmest thanks to Sorin Popa for all our discussions and for his hospitality at UCLA. I thank Georges Skandalis for his numerous remarks and the entire days we spent discussing the present text. I finally took benefit from the remarks of Aur[é]{}lien Alvarez, Claire Anantharaman, Etienne Blanchard, Alain Connes, David Fisher, Damien Gaboriau, Sergey Neshveyev, Mikael Pichot, Alain Valette and Dan Voiculescu. Thanks to all of you!]{} Preliminaries and conventions ============================= Von Neumann algebras, traces, almost periodic states and group actions {#von-neumann-algebras-traces-almost-periodic-states-and-group-actions .unnumbered} ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Throughout $M,{\mathcal{M}},N,{\mathcal{N}},A,{\mathcal{A}}$ denote von Neumann algebras. Recall that a von Neumann algebra is a non-commutative generalization of a measure space, the algebras $L^\infty(X,\mu)$ being the abelian examples. By definition, a von Neumann algebra is a weakly closed unital $^$-subalgebra of ${\operatorname{B}}(H)$ for some Hilbert space $H$. Whenever ${\mathcal{M}}\subset {\operatorname{B}}(H)$ is a von Neumann algebra, the commutant* of ${\mathcal{M}}$ is denoted by ${\mathcal{M}}'$ and consists of the operators in ${\operatorname{B}}(H)$ commuting with all the operators in ${\mathcal{M}}$. Von Neumann’s bicommutant theorem states that ${\mathcal{M}}^{\prime\prime} = {\mathcal{M}}$ and this equality characterizes von Neumann algebras among the unital $^$-subalgebras of ${\operatorname{B}}(H)$. A factor* is a von Neumann algebra with trivial center, i.e. ${\mathcal{M}}\cap {\mathcal{M}}' = {\mathbb{C}}1$.
[ 310, 1941, 273, 253, 346, 18288, 3, 3740, 275, 24084, 347, 2393, 347, 35059, 12895, 15, 5037, 626, 6983, 253, 3242, 3522, 273, 253, 18353, 13, 533, 309, 2868, 352, 281, 320, 425, 36842, 13, 285, 5604, 638, 14, 44275, 690, 273, 253, 5575, 24019, 569, 1691, 6593, 407, 42981, 1247, 1346, 15, 187, 187, 42, 871, 359, 14936, 327, 436, 13, 285, 581, 812, 3630, 247, 1984, 327, 352, 313, 395, 952, 452, 481, 1893, 13, 1060, 816, 247, 1643, 2792, 5742, 323, 954, 273, 6146, 16, 25765, 3060, 313, 8535, 273, 253, 3213, 365, 16, 446, 1550, 2262, 187, 187, 6407, 314, 13, 294, 4522, 25379, 323, 952, 13, 4466, 13, 285, 3448, 313, 9051, 10, 432, 253, 5791, 281, 3986, 253, 3672, 8935, 273, 253, 42997, 27, 187, 187, 2042, 352, 310, 6326, 281, 320, 4051, 706, 792, 3052, 545, 6464, 313, 7283, 582, 840, 313, 74, 10, 352, 310, 1039, 1512, 3563, 1677, 4980, 32019, 4522, 723, 273, 253, 19900, 5202, 13, 285, 313, 2886, 10, 40878, 253, 958, 326, 253, 2170, 8935, 273, 352, 247, 1643, 4289, 1107, 1996, 3715, 697, 1211, 2393, 285, 4260, 26247, 2363, 342, 14290, 5454, 285, 8928, 6431, 432, 253, 6420, 313, 46458, 689, 253, 1219, 793, 285, 342, 253, 41028, 507, 16, 17785, 582, 417, 253, 9268, 15, 6610, 13, 19483, 556, 8928, 21815, 342, 253, 1980, 401, 35989, 1257, 4584, 313, 18446, 10, 745, 40719, 273, 27118, 44, 13, 7866, 342, 479, 9896, 334, 280, 38854, 285, 7637, 275, 346, 41, 825, 1326, 1392, 589, 13, 642, 35814, 22357, 428, 5293, 273, 326, 310, 14730, 15, 23323, 17228, 38854, 403, 247, 8928, 21815, 342, 30284, 13, 417, 273, 14730, 6510, 13, 840, 13, 2057, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 476, 626, 320, 378, 12670, 2057, 13, 984, 16280, 253, 11795, 2523, 13, 326, 310, 2330, 342, 253, 11186, 41028, 507, 285, 417, 253, 9268, 13, 285, 597, 574, 247, 5878, 273, 3963, 3600, 8075, 285, 1424, 78, 569, 15, 5220, 13, 378, 12670, 556, 8928, 21815, 342, 253, 1980, 418, 1205, 44447, 745, 40719, 273, 27118, 44, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 352, 310, 253, 26247, 2363, 13, 368, 452, 253, 1895, 326, 3034, 22357, 342, 253, 8847, 16102, 1899, 1053, 626, 2826, 1919, 12891, 1107, 846, 253, 1980, 2393, 26247, 2363, 15, 187, 187, 10951, 314, 13, 253, 4081, 346, 41571, 6083, 3, 285, 24628, 5611, 8928, 4957, 403, 6571, 33657, 275, 436, 2919, 27, 187, 187, 14, 627, 403, 2761, 642, 27237, 14, 2942, 649, 1550, 38854, 28, 5948, 369, 8127, 299, 9896, 14621, 313, 284, 1078, 285, 846, 13, 1014, 715, 253, 6871, 2363, 13, 6146, 273, 253, 23948, 1641, 10, 187, 187, 14, 12074, 812, 417, 320, 908, 8069, 984, 273, 5536, 9741, 318, 13, 5536, 8825, 13, 285, 8214, 16, 328, 15735, 8986, 269, 351, 491, 15, 1244, 6296, 13, 6146, 273, 253, 5682, 4338, 12074, 497, 6685, 7520, 1919, 8370, 2069, 15, 187, 187, 14, 1018, 74, 1502, 403, 9696, 19437, 285, 6296, 497, 417, 908, 15, 380, 806, 10393, 273, 1018, 74, 1502, 310, 275, 6420, 13, 275, 253, 260, 2585, 280, 2919, 13, 285, 417, 1919, 253, 6871, 2363, 15, 187, 187, 14, 253, 2393, 26247, 2363, 310, 1980, 627, 13, 342, 1980, 3275, 285, 1395, 273, 9305, 4753, 432, 253, 6146, 285, 253, 6420, 13, 417, 253, 9268, 15, 187, 187, 14, 627, 310, 1980, 8928, 21815, 28, 1077, 1643, 1841, 403, 8671, 432, 253, 9268, 313, 48556, 22357, 38854, 342, 8847, 1899, 13, 533, 627, 403, 671, 1424, 78, 569, 582, 954, 4957, 403, 21117, 16, 324, 2178, 264, 432, 253, 6420, 13, 390, 403, 612, 17009, 432, 1980, 8928, 21815, 15, 187, 187, 37565, 13, 407, 253, 673, 368, 755, 281, 10439, 16795, 13, 627, 310, 2761, 2717, 1669, 273, 667, 16308, 273, 24941, 1247, 313, 263, 9769, 10, 8928, 5522, 15, 5595, 15538, 13, 2712, 326, 812, 452, 644, 19349, 275, 17190, 253, 16253, 273, 247, 747, 3448, 310, 14999, 15, 187, 187, 42, 369, 7591, 281, 1501, 436, 281, 253, 747, 399, 853, 21192, 5857, 533, 352, 310, 4623, 281, 436, 6293, 15, 11243, 399, 1914, 1441, 265, 651, 320, 2238, 2217, 281, 3491, 352, 689, 281, 253, 643, 5311, 15, 187, 187, 2413, 1358, 69, 853, 21192, 15, 32586, 15, 681, 16, 7330, 16, 740, 16, 13707, 13411, 24, 14, 1179, 49605, 15, 2974, 4, 26122, 187, 187, 14193, 544, 40917, 1225, 62, 22260, 403, 5185, 342, 2045, 1543, 13, 4645, 731, 281, 320, 247, 346, 15491, 11650, 3, 3072, 313, 3763, 15, 21, 2673, 342, 6832, 346, 17967, 11650, 3, 519, 7373, 6638, 313, 1787, 15, 18, 9498, 285, 2822, 14, 11984, 5928, 273, 667, 643, 6380, 4295, 15, 11396, 187, 187, 1898, 2568, 253, 16527, 1225, 921, 2266, 20274, 273, 37559, 1204, 273, 253, 4707, 285, 2927, 15, 313, 13422, 17899, 3888, 323, 346, 40917, 1225, 3, 2698, 9876, 436, 512, 2496, 281, 271, 313, 3214, 14677, 11650, 6510, 273, 23060, 982, 32, 187, 187, 1898, 969, 359, 923, 326, 253, 4255, 11650, 37147, 4445, 285, 253, 14847, 64, 35, 2711, 280, 4445, 403, 1199, 8003, 281, 1016, 643, 313, 17, 15, 17758, 10, 685, 597, 403, 281, 253, 10586, 544, 27748, 32, 62, 313, 17, 15, 26881, 16, 470, 15, 30541, 481, 1244, 597, 403, 4829, 347, 2810, 281, 253, 3684, 11650, 313, 17, 15, 3071, 16, 470, 16, 34109, 10, 347, 597, 403, 281, 253, 10586, 15, 5076, 597, 452, 948, 303, 9388, 13849, 281, 512, 253, 643, 4295, 1969, 1223, 253, 643, 4295, 513, 417, 452, 2074, 13849, 32, 380, 941, 3021, 3133, 281, 1804, 247, 4255, 11650, 6510, 273, 253, 14847, 64, 35, 2711, 280, 544, 19846, 5284, 32, 62, 4445, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1246, 1783, 3021, 3133, 5185, 342, 271, 11650, 6510, 273, 253, 2102, 80, 14, 18913, 507, 15, 187, 187, 4727, 1700, 314, 597, 403, 18051, 253, 1543, 3517, 15, 2058, 329, 20318, 4050, 253, 19459, 2692, 326, 14389, 9877, 310, 9696, 13392, 13, 512, 3608, 14, 3020, 13, 281, 308, 19387, 507, 285, 253, 1551, 273, 411, 285, 427, 33671, 313, 16829, 7198, 2224, 665, 403, 625, 13392, 481, 346, 20810, 627, 6403, 626, 667, 2644, 385, 485, 941, 323, 322, 472, 249, 2458, 2568, 313, 263, 8373, 10999, 323, 326, 2647, 6844, 187, 187, 510, 1698, 14, 5858, 313, 19, 14, 20, 12, 57, 21885, 10, 322, 472, 34923, 2199, 534, 369, 247, 2256, 273, 1529, 2312, 627, 310, 5699, 313, 23, 13, 933, 4292, 432, 577, 1355, 15918, 13, 6571, 342, 3739, 2561, 275, 2564, 10, 533, 12345, 5867, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 1158, 326, 627, 497, 667, 14282, 14023, 342, 616, 10895, 15, 380, 322, 472, 34923, 941, 534, 23316, 378, 461, 312, 7961, 908, 497, 19208, 313, 14461, 3761, 9128, 14, 3020, 13, 285, 253, 714, 419, 81, 369, 2173, 281, 322, 472, 41214, 285, 49480, 3737, 481, 2752, 7211, 1053, 626, 1333, 835, 436, 322, 472, 41214, 20231, 10895, 2210, 432, 13, 285, 352, 1904, 626, 3590, 751, 247, 747, 2440, 15, 1737, 4455, 747, 369, 253, 43988, 3480, 273, 8642, 14259, 281, 2233, 14, 2588, 6819, 8, 308, 19387, 507, 15, 187, 187, 15953, 309, 943, 452, 1239, 436, 5857, 475, 9131, 11, 11298, 281, 521, 2312, 13, 533, 387, 1878, 309, 1119, 634, 5311, 984, 273, 352, 24457, 187, 187, 20598, 20299, 29041, 187, 187, 37, 1914, 1441, 265, 8, 49593, 1497, 5311, 310, 9940, 281, 1966, 3072, 30222, 13, 3520, 21698, 1497, 13, 21101, 1497, 13, 285, 2892, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 403, 1959, 281, 33150, 667, 273, 253, 4753, 273, 436, 5311, 323, 1327, 14, 37763, 6378, 13, 347, 1048, 347, 368, 11104, 731, 281, 399, 1914, 1441, 265, 29880, 1479, 375, 285, 2085, 247, 3048, 281, 2057, 253, 2060, 5311, 5857, 390, 281, 399, 1914, 1441, 265, 49593, 1497, 20299, 15, 187, 187, 7510, 293, 1959, 281, 5007, 299, 14, 5719, 281, 399, 1914, 1441, 265, 29880, 1479, 375, 13, 390, 956, 1214, 69, 1914, 1441, 24182, 327, 7879, 15, 4257, 470, 14, 15490, 2884, 1403, 329, 887, 272, 5595, 10469, 1777, 2487, 16688, 14499, 80, 959, 275, 253, 13303, 187, 187, 8195, 1388, 13, 1529, 28423, 273, 247, 4619, 440, 4066, 2147, 5058, 14, 1201, 24189, 13, 436, 673, 275, 253, 1533, 457, 84, 954, 7561, 908, 6109, 6498, 985, 13, 10469, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 457, 84, 625, 32, 380, 10469, 5058, 14, 1201, 24189, 556, 671, 644, 1119, 281, 320, 28734, 275, 253, 4956, 407, 253, 13389, 13234, 23906, 6640, 48, 5901, 1128, 2050, 14919, 323, 10156, 5058, 14, 1201, 40725, 281, 13001, 1128, 263, 581, 273, 697, 6383, 13, 281, 6351, 1453, 273, 616, 8571, 457, 10469, 4095, 15, 187, 187, 21831, 3111, 407, 8049, 26329, 22780, 33210, 466, 14963, 13, 253, 4278, 285, 247, 4737, 14, 1171, 14, 31503, 22059, 323, 253, 1029, 14, 26219, 414, 3988, 24189, 13, 27173, 347, 330, 12695, 14, 9638, 14, 1423, 1010, 13, 556, 644, 1160, 1345, 3063, 1128, 6309, 5093, 1897, 846, 9610, 352, 281, 253, 10469, 3988, 2285, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5058, 14, 1201, 310, 247, 897, 14, 6438, 14, 4924, 24189, 275, 253, 10469, 10295, 457, 84, 36862, 6254, 326, 476, 1581, 247, 1980, 30082, 30539, 390, 271, 622, 281, 20092, 366, 616, 25687, 281, 6351, 5230, 2289, 281, 247, 14043, 2813, 285, 7826, 1379, 2120, 8905, 1453, 273, 253, 2813, 15, 187, 187, 55, 335, 1216, 494, 10469, 41442, 187, 187, 510, 24189, 31951, 275, 9508, 273, 10469, 10295, 4439, 1078, 4162, 1390, 807, 13, 247, 12097, 323, 534, 369, 2908, 275, 253, 577, 15, 1047, 418, 6901, 13492, 10295, 4439, 275, 4565, 4240, 533, 369, 760, 11217, 275, 329, 2697, 49, 10469, 10295, 9508, 495, 15, 1093, 13, 577, 15, 21, 285, 577, 15, 26, 15, 187, 187, 17756, 13, 954, 10469, 4095, 18461, 285, 4211, 407, 247, 5020, 273, 24742, 342, 253, 440, 4066, 2147, 10295, 403, 1335, 14043, 281, 436, 24189, 1014, 846, 1907, 253, 6323, 10469, 11269, 13, 1690, 2708, 14, 24328, 4633, 21679, 3210, 1163, 187, 187, 36273, 337, 187, 187, 36273, 337, 35974, 187, 187, 36273, 374, 187, 187, 36273, 374, 35974, 187, 187, 41, 5738, 26981, 367, 938, 187, 187, 57, 571, 21206, 4410, 7373, 608, 34, 187, 187, 57, 571, 21206, 4410, 7373, 5838, 608, 187, 187, 57, 571, 21206, 329, 18, 187, 187, 48, 31244, 329, 20, 187, 187, 46, 4881, 1503, 20, 187, 187, 48, 40470, 28881, 15169, 187, 187, 52, 1317, 1947, 322, 24, 187, 187, 52, 1317, 1947, 322, 25, 187, 187, 52, 1317, 1947, 322, 26, 187, 187, 1992, 320, 4879, 13, 45562, 495, 13, 495, 35974, 13, 285, 495, 66, 4095, 3515, 253, 6323, 10469, 34501, 403, 417, 14043, 281, 253, 2523, 15, 187, 187, 18842, 2884, 1403, 2615, 2325, 14499, 80, 959, 6235, 302, 600, 187, 187, 7130, 281, 253, 22780, 13, 1580, 253, 2523, 310, 773, 36462, 432, 3304, 253, 21722, 7537, 3364, 1806, 253, 10469, 10295, 5058, 14, 1201, 24189, 476, 671, 320, 28734, 27938, 407, 16248, 352, 342, 247, 4858, 21722, 18164, 19652, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 510, 7505, 310, 247, 1980, 15863, 20092, 318, 24189, 326, 4483, 323, 247, 2120, 18230, 273, 247, 14043, 2813, 15, 1310, 253, 22059, 310, 8549, 3066, 253, 7066, 13, 352, 760, 3198, 281, 320, 18433, 342, 247, 3816, 21052, 22059, 13, 347, 436, 24189, 310, 12482, 949, 253, 7537, 3364, 1806, 14963, 2296, 275, 253, 26595, 1514, 5311, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 457, 306, 7660, 247, 1980, 22059, 4737, 14, 1171, 14, 31503, 281, 7568, 849, 436, 7505, 476, 320, 908, 281, 6351, 10341, 10295, 1239, 16, 6343, 672, 3515, 12171, 15, 733, 760, 4419, 253, 440, 1206, 15172, 622, 2127, 10636, 281, 22059, 330, 12695, 14, 9638, 14, 1423, 1010, 15, 309, 457, 306, 671, 7660, 247, 37617, 313, 12566, 15, 8567, 10, 273, 253, 367, 3231, 3515, 327, 247, 45562, 374, 13, 3515, 10469, 884, 342, 3988, 12097, 1268, 4397, 6247, 1425, 187, 187, 9147, 2706, 281, 320, 23089, 26006, 21965, 187, 187, 18765, 5559, 588, 3727, 247, 12097, 323, 436, 24189, 275, 697, 4437, 457, 84, 10469, 9044, 48805, 275, 253, 3551, 1897, 285, 671, 23274, 473, 3172, 84, 13, 954, 5876, 4095, 651, 417, 2779, 4763, 253, 12097, 4745, 13, 12401, 5559, 45562, 337, 285, 374, 15, 187 ]	is evidence of the "western" style in Portugal as early as 4000 BC. Don't recall the exact date of the earliest, but I believe it to be neolithic, and certainly pre-dating some of the alleged migrations put forth by kurganists. I know we disagree on this, and one could write a book on it (and people have). So, here just a few points specifically for most of north/central Europe (west of the steppe/plains): Firstly, re timelines for people, culture, and language (IE) from the East to reach the areas west of the plains: If it is supposed to be Globular Amphora (GA), then (i) it is way too late given modern linguistic timings of the IE tree, and (ii) contradicts the fact that the area west of it a few hundred years later developed its own early and mid bronze age with documented trade and cultural exchange from the south (specifically over the Alps and with the Balkans/ Greece), not the east. Finally, GA has cultural continuity with the local Funnelbeaker (FB) offshoot of LBK, starts with megalithic graves and ends in "Hockergäber, no Tumuli - none of that is eastern. Associated cattle graves are a cultural continuity with FB, not of eastern origin, then, either. It can't be Baden either, because besides the timing issue, that is associated with the northern Balkans and not the east, and they had a mix of regular burials and cremations. Also, Baden has cultural continuity with the local Lengyel offshoot of LBK. If it is the bronze age, you have the problem that tumuli with the characteristic grave position don't occur until 600 years after the local early bronze age. Secondly, the proposed "driving agents" and supposedly introduced cultural items are mostly flawed in this region: - there are almost no warrior-chieftains graves; society was largely egalitarian (as before and after, even into the iron age, north of the Celts) - horses could not be used effectively because of heavy forestation, heavy soil, and expensive/unavailable winter fodder. And indeed, north of the Danube horses were extremely rare until Roman times. - chariots are equally useless and indeed were not used. The first usage of chariots is in south, in the celtic region, and not until the iron age. - the early bronze age is local there, with local production and import of raw materials from the north and the south, not the east. - there is local cultural continuity; very few things are adopted from the east (tumuli graves with characteristic position, but there are also cremations), most items are imported/adopted from the south, or are evolutions from local cultural continuity. Basically, by the time you get to western Poland, there is almost nothing left of any sorts of Kurgan (or hybrid) cultural package. Most importantly, anything that could have been causal in forcing the adoption of a new language is lacking. I was unable to post this to the new Dodecad entry but it is relevant to this thread. Perhaps Dienekes would be kind enough to copy it over to the other blog. http://dodecad.blogspot.com/2011/10/eurasia7-calculator.html#comments << [Kalash] proportions are consistent with previous results, showing them to be a "West Asian" population (62.4%) with substantial "South Asian" admixture (37.1%), and near-complete absence of any other genetic components. >> And yet the Kalash show strong traces of blondism of the hair and eyes. (Search google images for "Kalash".) Does this allude to an (partial?) Asian origin of Nordics? And again we see that the West Asian ancestral component and the Atlantic_Baltic component are much closer to each other (0.028) than they are to the Southern [European?] (0.055/ 0.058). And they are nearly as close to the South Asian (0.06/ 0/065) as they are to the Southern. Moreover they have simimlar distances to all the other components -- while the other components do not have similar distances? The data thus seems to suggest a West Asian origin of the Atlantic_Baltic [North European?] component. The present analysis thus seems consistent with an Asian origin of the Indo-Europeans. Supposedly they are publishing the results soon. At AGBT 2012 the slides showed that Otzi is equally distant, all genes-wise, to Tuscans and the rest of W and N Europeans (except Finns who are more distant). "Unfortunately there aren't any whole exome data for Sardinians yet (or Basques for that matter)" The low-pass (2-3+X genomes) Sardinian project which was a subject of another talk there is huge (6,000 individuals from 4 small towns, mostly with medical research in mind) but barely analyzed. I don't think that there were any meaningful comparisons with their dataset. The Sardinian data which Carlos Bustamante used were SNPs (best match genome-wise, and the Y hap was specific to Sardinia and Corsica). My notes don't say where this Sardinia SNP dataset came from, and it didn't sound like a new development. What seemed new was the conspicuous lack of closest similarity to 100- Genomes' Tuscans. Sorry I should have read this entry before listening to his talk, but at least I found your blog because of it ;) Old Blog Archive Dienekes' Anthropology blog is dedicated to human population genetics, physical anthropology, archaeology, and history. You are free to reuse any of the materials of this blog for non-commercial purposes, as long as you attribute them to Dienekes Pontikos and provide a link to either the individual blog entry or to Dienekes Anthropology Blog. Feel free to send e-mail to Dienekes Pontikos, or follow @dienekesp on Twitter.New 0-Day Flaw Affecting Most Android Phones Being Exploited in the Wild Another day, another revelation of a critical unpatched zero-day vulnerability, this time in the world’s most widely used mobile operating system, Android. What’s more? The Android zero-day vulnerability has also been found to be exploited in the wild by the Israeli surveillance vendor NSO Group—infamous for selling zero-day exploits to governments—or one of its customers, to gain control of their targets’ Android devices. Discovered by Project Zero researcher Maddie Stone, the details and a proof-of-concept exploit for the high-severity security vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2019-2215, has been made public today—just seven days after reporting it to the Android security team. The zero-day is a use-after-free vulnerability in the Android kernel’s binder driver that can allow a local privileged attacker or an app to escalate their privileges to gain root access to a vulnerable device and potentially take full remote control of the device. Vulnerable Android Devices The vulnerability resides in versions of Android kernel released before April last year, a patch for which was included in the 4.14 LTS Linux kernel released in December 2017 but was only incorporated in AOSP Android kernel versions 3.18, 4.4 and 4.9. Therefore, most Android devices manufactured and sold by a majority of vendors with the unpatched kernel are still vulnerable to this vulnerability even after having the latest Android updates, including below-listed popular smartphone models : Pixel 1 Pixel 1 XL Pixel 2 Pixel 2 XL Huawei P20 Xiaomi Redmi 5A Xiaomi Redmi Note 5 Xiaomi A1 Oppo A3 Moto Z3 Oreo LG phones Samsung S7 Samsung S8 Samsung S9 To be noted, Pixel 3, 3 XL, and 3a devices running the latest Android kernels are not vulnerable to the issue. Android Flaw Can Be Exploited Remotely According to the researcher, since the issue is “accessible from inside the Chrome sandbox,” the Android kernel zero-day vulnerability can also be exploited remotely by combining it with a separate Chrome rendering flaw. “The bug is a local privilege escalation vulnerability that allows for a full compromise of a vulnerable device. If the exploit is delivered via the Web, it only needs to be paired with a renderer exploit, as this vulnerability is accessible through the sandbox,” Stone says in the Chromium blog. “I’ve attached a local exploit proof-of-concept to demonstrate how this bug can be used to gain arbitrary kernel read/write when running locally. It only requires the untrusted app code execution to exploit CVE-2019-2215. I’ve also attached a screenshot (success.png) of the POC running on a Pixel 2, running Android 10 with security patch level September 2019.” Patches to be Made Available Soon Though Google will release a patch for this vulnerability in its October’s Android Security Bulletin in the coming days and also notified OEMs, most affected devices would not likely receive the patch immediately, unlike Google Pixel 1 and 2.
[ 271, 8183, 15, 187, 2618, 15, 387, 47889, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 387, 12472, 22, 313, 18532, 2879, 481, 12254, 9059, 326, 984, 253, 15056, 858, 417, 2826, 1309, 253, 2282, 273, 15056, 273, 8410, 13, 642, 17843, 1600, 369, 19588, 15, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 1349, 1028, 414, 273, 19440, 327, 436, 2523, 15, 380, 760, 14011, 253, 6413, 2111, 556, 1677, 327, 436, 2523, 369, 275, 19520, 362, 15, 9002, 13, 39802, 530, 15, 52, 15, 36076, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 1384, 3566, 13, 5693, 418, 15, 3996, 15, 19, 69, 721, 2759, 313, 19813, 481, 496, 326, 1083, 13, 247, 40677, 574, 644, 19344, 1293, 253, 5649, 273, 247, 4854, 15, 380, 4606, 323, 521, 10143, 497, 10557, 281, 779, 275, 247, 3055, 4804, 285, 497, 417, 1160, 1345, 1919, 597, 497, 1677, 275, 2380, 281, 8900, 9762, 846, 4176, 574, 2168, 644, 4724, 15, 380, 2111, 2918, 326, 984, 253, 28423, 273, 253, 4606, 323, 3482, 434, 15056, 346, 4238, 1160, 275, 253, 2282, 273, 247, 12379, 12162, 534, 858, 417, 25301, 1919, 846, 11810, 574, 9606, 253, 4975, 323, 534, 344, 14993, 2502, 560, 13, 352, 13353, 2550, 2085, 13767, 4507, 1329, 323, 521, 1750, 449, 4031, 15, 387, 36859, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 387, 1384, 2787, 15, 831, 3908, 310, 475, 740, 2759, 8489, 23851, 347, 352, 476, 320, 12814, 347, 4495, 326, 253, 7234, 812, 417, 5752, 347, 247, 3720, 323, 3482, 434, 1750, 984, 352, 574, 5866, 846, 521, 15056, 13, 390, 352, 476, 320, 12814, 347, 4495, 326, 253, 7234, 2550, 5752, 347, 247, 3720, 323, 247, 1750, 984, 597, 497, 1160, 275, 253, 2282, 273, 247, 12379, 12162, 15, 187, 510, 6413, 2111, 1160, 3806, 281, 253, 3448, 432, 5171, 275, 29927, 362, 15, 3228, 273, 32237, 13, 38848, 530, 15, 52, 15, 721, 1423, 13, 2233, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 15470, 25, 13, 9654, 418, 15, 3996, 15, 19, 69, 721, 3655, 313, 16134, 481, 496, 326, 1083, 13, 253, 9060, 273, 9651, 574, 644, 19344, 762, 11307, 273, 14697, 2589, 15, 380, 2111, 9713, 253, 2523, 273, 1880, 3482, 574, 644, 25979, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 407, 29672, 273, 1965, 3225, 1734, 407, 253, 3228, 6456, 327, 253, 1388, 2720, 281, 521, 10143, 15, 380, 3228, 15821, 13, 2299, 13, 3534, 642, 4606, 387, 253, 673, 273, 521, 10143, 15, 187, 688, 253, 1246, 1083, 13, 253, 2846, 14716, 949, 253, 42293, 6064, 273, 253, 3228, 6456, 14716, 4439, 281, 253, 1345, 271, 14163, 3221, 3908, 1607, 814, 920, 11810, 434, 33773, 285, 12974, 15, 18160, 369, 19439, 253, 1735, 1388, 15, 380, 6456, 434, 29672, 2959, 9470, 7031, 275, 253, 2315, 13, 285, 1014, 604, 597, 858, 417, 275, 1127, 273, 958, 346, 18923, 3, 11810, 434, 10143, 13, 253, 809, 312, 2473, 285, 331, 44916, 3006, 7260, 5604, 346, 30714, 60, 433, 62, 275, 253, 2282, 273, 253, 15056, 273, 8410, 449, 28142, 15, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 13, 36988, 530, 15, 52, 15, 721, 4590, 13, 47889, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 11343, 22, 13, 12472, 22, 13, 7543, 418, 15, 3996, 15, 19, 69, 27623, 313, 19813, 481, 187, 2618, 15, 387, 48891, 295, 15, 2145, 13, 2233, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 387, 11858, 23, 14, 1047, 2922, 295, 15, 2145, 15, 831, 3448, 275, 29927, 310, 3782, 4623, 984, 253, 2111, 10466, 314, 7478, 326, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 1345, 3006, 273, 253, 5575, 809, 20717, 369, 247, 4623, 2803, 275, 18000, 1880, 390, 417, 247, 17843, 1600, 369, 19588, 407, 253, 8183, 434, 15056, 15, 187, 510, 1986, 2077, 2111, 273, 9892, 323, 253, 6347, 6817, 13366, 9713, 436, 2523, 275, 25870, 587, 362, 15, 8799, 257, 13, 49820, 401, 15, 19, 69, 26138, 313, 19, 69, 4082, 15, 14960, 481, 6043, 13, 275, 326, 1083, 13, 369, 247, 2143, 9732, 665, 369, 19439, 323, 21649, 5411, 4948, 275, 3007, 2035, 342, 617, 8624, 15, 496, 16425, 326, 703, 574, 644, 25979, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 13, 3482, 16402, 326, 253, 1784, 462, 2473, 1491, 670, 617, 574, 644, 1345, 1025, 275, 247, 1180, 273, 4088, 13, 1690, 247, 3908, 407, 253, 2143, 4450, 21764, 83, 281, 253, 2418, 9333, 273, 35499, 326, 3482, 574, 644, 19439, 323, 21600, 15, 380, 2111, 2918, 326, 253, 5511, 281, 253, 2418, 9333, 273, 35499, 812, 417, 5752, 347, 247, 3720, 323, 29208, 26367, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 984, 346, 783, 5511, 5866, 846, 7048, 369, 19344, 285, 7613, 13, 275, 253, 5928, 273, 271, 8410, 2954, 13, 37752, 281, 387, 954, 253, 1511, 273, 2969, 809, 20717, 326, 253, 6413, 2111, 2918, 417, 281, 9632, 1955, 1232, 3570, 275, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 449, 4031, 15, 387, 26397, 15, 187, 510, 760, 1083, 534, 253, 2111, 556, 644, 2104, 281, 1089, 534, 11460, 247, 1501, 14, 49022, 9311, 281, 5752, 347, 247, 3720, 323, 17077, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 310, 26062, 362, 15, 322, 7, 52, 4563, 49999, 34148, 4855, 4726, 4412, 13, 48779, 401, 15, 19, 69, 35591, 313, 22, 394, 4082, 15, 14304, 481, 496, 326, 1083, 13, 247, 9732, 434, 3310, 369, 417, 23347, 407, 253, 2143, 4450, 984, 273, 11307, 326, 344, 574, 247, 10678, 1895, 15, 380, 2143, 4450, 14285, 417, 281, 10660, 3482, 434, 3310, 1293, 4933, 779, 667, 4606, 15, 496, 2380, 281, 247, 2748, 407, 3482, 13, 253, 2143, 4450, 1313, 581, 1770, 1996, 285, 42880, 497, 1160, 326, 3482, 434, 3310, 369, 417, 1146, 23347, 984, 273, 271, 5575, 10678, 1895, 15, 380, 2111, 2918, 326, 3482, 574, 644, 25979, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 984, 344, 574, 644, 331, 44916, 1025, 407, 841, 1345, 11307, 15, 380, 2173, 1953, 273, 1880, 390, 417, 253, 958, 326, 253, 9311, 273, 253, 11307, 5866, 846, 253, 3061, 417, 281, 10660, 3482, 434, 3310, 574, 644, 1160, 369, 1620, 9713, 407, 253, 2111, 15, 380, 2111, 858, 2319, 26062, 275, 247, 6774, 1083, 13, 19936, 352, 417, 323, 253, 13989, 326, 1501, 14, 49022, 9311, 369, 4209, 13, 533, 13, 2581, 13, 323, 253, 13989, 326, 253, 809, 20717, 3206, 878, 417, 2847, 253, 26367, 15, 2398, 250, 287, 362, 15, 3228, 273, 388, 451, 3983, 13, 45451, 401, 15, 19, 69, 42160, 313, 22, 394, 4082, 15, 9178, 481, 5749, 42, 62, 85, 310, 4209, 326, 253, 809, 20717, 2826, 275, 4602, 342, 13, 285, 320, 12054, 2905, 281, 13, 253, 26787, 273, 253, 987, 390, 1600, 449, 4031, 15, 387, 45502, 15, 187, 11, 740, 2227, 380, 5441, 273, 26062, 403, 7826, 37651, 432, 253, 8164, 1083, 15, 496, 26062, 253, 2143, 4450, 369, 13423, 327, 1880, 281, 10660, 253, 3482, 434, 3310, 323, 253, 1563, 807, 15, 3308, 13, 3738, 253, 3061, 281, 24174, 574, 2168, 644, 1160, 387, 253, 673, 273, 253, 809, 20717, 13, 271, 8410, 2954, 1335, 13164, 387, 253, 673, 352, 369, 1160, 15, 187, 510, 2111, 20097, 13, 846, 16725, 253, 7763, 19440, 13, 326, 253, 5441, 5575, 407, 3482, 275, 253, 8164, 1083, 513, 417, 1375, 247, 1750, 323, 26367, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 1293, 1955, 1232, 15, 380, 2111, 36683, 326, 253, 11307, 6828, 1411, 3482, 778, 1077, 973, 4723, 521, 12681, 285, 2818, 521, 3745, 281, 4044, 2852, 8410, 15, 831, 13, 2299, 13, 651, 320, 2032, 273, 667, 809, 20717, 13, 1880, 390, 417, 352, 369, 1160, 275, 4602, 342, 3482, 434, 15056, 15, 1707, 3249, 247, 1127, 275, 673, 672, 1501, 15056, 9311, 273, 809, 20717, 4916, 10481, 8905, 432, 253, 15056, 3139, 594, 347, 281, 1056, 352, 642, 3356, 1561, 346, 783, 2282, 273, 15056, 273, 8410, 449, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 13, 36988, 530, 15, 52, 15, 721, 4590, 13, 47889, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 11343, 22, 13, 12472, 22, 13, 7543, 418, 15, 3996, 15, 19, 69, 27623, 313, 20778, 481, 187, 510, 6413, 2111, 434, 5877, 275, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 9838, 36217, 436, 2111, 434, 6452, 15, 496, 326, 1083, 13, 253, 2111, 2918, 326, 247, 809, 312, 2473, 3908, 1160, 407, 247, 1375, 3565, 369, 417, 49353, 275, 285, 273, 3139, 762, 3015, 11299, 285, 253, 39056, 10737, 15, 13771, 13, 253, 809, 20717, 1364, 320, 11704, 407, 2957, 273, 8410, 15, 1707, 3249, 247, 673, 387, 534, 253, 809, 20717, 6505, 253, 5111, 1288, 486, 273, 5986, 273, 3667, 592, 362, 15, 28230, 13, 285, 4916, 2969, 809, 20717, 1561, 253, 5877, 273, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 15, 380, 2111, 20097, 326, 253, 1127, 556, 644, 4925, 275, 253, 8164, 1083, 285, 326, 253, 7234, 275, 1953, 403, 417, 49353, 762, 3015, 11299, 285, 253, 39056, 10737, 15, 187, 2773, 310, 417, 281, 1333, 13, 2299, 13, 326, 3482, 310, 1293, 247, 16748, 15, 1284, 809, 20717, 13, 841, 5441, 778, 20420, 1375, 247, 1750, 762, 1375, 1569, 15, 380, 2111, 760, 20097, 326, 3482, 556, 642, 2847, 273, 2250, 762, 4400, 1569, 13, 285, 13, 3103, 13, 7159, 8, 3200, 281, 5597, 588, 320, 7169, 15, 187, 605, 187, 605, 8283, 313, 36, 10, 4765, 17287, 757, 18623, 1216, 654, 29857, 757, 15, 40742, 1216, 33, 550, 84, 14, 77, 5375, 15, 2061, 31, 187, 605, 187, 605, 15027, 318, 323, 841, 11911, 310, 387, 3944, 1358, 306, 968, 15, 5546, 19, 89, 15, 2061, 16, 187, 605, 187, 605, 35588, 57, 14, 17736, 14, 18483, 27, 32506, 14, 19, 15, 17, 14, 263, 14, 31312, 187, 605, 187, 605, 831, 2086, 310, 1959, 3694, 28, 368, 476, 25529, 352, 285, 16, 263, 10007, 187, 605, 352, 762, 253, 2426, 273, 253, 11963, 4214, 5259, 4637, 347, 3863, 407, 187, 605, 253, 7648, 9107, 6807, 28, 2057, 2715, 374, 273, 253, 4637, 13, 390, 187, 605, 313, 255, 634, 4500, 10, 667, 1996, 2715, 15, 187, 605, 187, 605, 831, 2086, 310, 5939, 275, 253, 3524, 326, 352, 588, 320, 4217, 13, 187, 605, 533, 15002, 9103, 23181, 28, 1293, 1014, 253, 10466, 17529, 273, 187, 605, 20863, 390, 20524, 6651, 329, 20383, 20103, 15, 50276, 5035, 253, 187, 605, 11963, 4214, 5259, 4637, 323, 625, 4278, 15, 187, 605, 187, 605, 1422, 943, 452, 2959, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 11963, 4214, 5259, 4637, 187, 605, 2112, 342, 436, 2086, 28, 604, 417, 13, 3630, 281, 253, 7648, 9107, 187, 605, 6807, 13, 3690, 904, 8978, 17658, 13470, 13, 32261, 24792, 13, 9693, 13, 6908, 50276, 2640, 10768, 14, 1012, 2922, 50276, 22396, 187, 605, 187, 187, 4, 26579, 2378, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 306, 968, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 4793, 16, 18833, 16, 5964, 34, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 4793, 16, 18833, 16, 32876, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 4793, 16, 19210, 3364, 16, 38727, 4638, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 4793, 16, 12039, 19512, 16, 31280, 14873, 7104, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 12361, 27394, 551, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 329, 31616, 6125, 253, 1612, 4080, 327, 247, 5048, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 380, 31616, 310, 4764, 1025, 407, 253, 4294, 2491, 13, 673, 7726, 285, 8820, 10538, 24786, 15, 187, 475, 380, 2625, 1612, 310, 7141, 275, 278, 3370, 88, 1595, 15, 187, 475, 8714, 932, 476, 320, 5678, 549, 334, 3899, 1037, 281, 13, 299, 15, 72, 904, 11897, 11689, 5611, 407, 2067, 21481, 6298, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 2887, 31616, 19611, 187, 475, 1214, 2887, 46177, 187, 1738, 187, 2437, 16197, 11965, 64, 11252, 31616, 551, 187, 4387, 27, 187, 50274, 32136, 1082, 426, 4284, 28, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 27671, 1529, 31616, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 32136, 9, 3474, 31616, 7, 643, 558, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 13119, 247, 31616, 342, 5058, 1612, 285, 1293, 11795, 1491, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 911, 20692, 31616, 9, 38727, 4638, 946, 558, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 13119, 247, 31616, 342, 5058, 1612, 323, 247, 673, 7726, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 32136, 9, 38727, 4638, 946, 13, 948, 2606, 64, 85, 1265, 13, 948, 2606, 64, 85, 7467, 558, 187, 50274, 95, 32136, 1082, 426, 4284, 28, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 5057, 253, 46177, 436, 31616, 310, 2931, 327, 15 ]	an employee. Id. at 710, 96 S.Ct. at 1165 (emphasis added). Defendants argue that because the termination did not occur during the course of termination of employment, no liberty interest was implicated. There is a paucity of precedent on this issue. The only indication the Supreme Court has given on this issue was in Bishop v. Wood, 426 U.S. 341, 96 S.Ct. 2074, 48 L.Ed.2d 684 (1976). In that case, a policeman had been terminated without the benefit of a hearing. The reasons for his discharge were disclosed to him in a private meeting and were not made public until they were given in response to discovery requests after suit had already been filed. The Court held that because the revelation of the reasons for plaintiff's termination "was made in the course of a judicial proceeding which did not commence until after petitioner had suffered the injury for which he seeks redress, it surely cannot provide retroactive support for his claim." Id. at 348, 96 S.Ct. at 2079. This statement is 1084 somewhat ambiguous as it can be interpreted as meaning that the statements could not serve as a basis for plaintiff's claim because it had occurred after his termination, or it can be interpreted as meaning that the statements cannot serve as a basis for a claim because they were made in the course of a judicial proceeding. The Supreme Court made reference to the language from Paul in Owen v. City of Independence, 445 U.S. 622, 100 S.Ct. 1398, 63 L.Ed.2d 673 (1980). In that case, the Chief of Police had been terminated under allegations of improper conduct. The Court addressed the issue of whether plaintiff had been deprived of a liberty interest by accusations of impropriety by the City Council on the day prior to his discharge. The City Manager, however, gave no reasons at the time of his discharge. In the present case, the city through the unanimous resolution of the City Council released to the public an allegedly false statement impugning petitioner's honesty and integrity. Petitioner was discharged the next day. The Council's accusations received extensive coverage in the press, and even if they did not in point of fact "cause" petitioner's discharge, the defamatory and stigmatizing charges certainly "occur[red] in the course of the termination of employment." Cf. Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693, 710, 96 S.Ct. 1155, 1165, 47 L.Ed.2d 405 (1976). Id. at 633 n. 13, 100 S.Ct. at 1406-1407 n. 13. This language in Owen is particularly relevant because the Court impliedly recognized that the timing of the publicizing of the alleged defamation was a relevant factor in deciding whether or not a liberty interest was implicated by the employee's termination. The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit briefly addressed this issue in Gentile v. Wallen, 562 F.2d 193 (2d Cir. 1977). Plaintiff, in that case, was a school teacher who was discharged for falsifying forms in collusion with her principal. In arguing that she had been deprived of a liberty interest, plaintiff asserted that the derogatory information about her had been publicized in a number of ways, including a statement by the school board treasurer to the State Division of Employment that plaintiff had been discharged for misconduct. The Court held that the communication to the State Division of Employment could not serve as a basis for asserting deprivation of a liberty interest because "the communication occurred after appellant was terminated and hence, in the absence of an employment relationship, amounted to at most the type of simple defamation that the Supreme Court held not to trigger due process rights in Paul v. Davis." Id. at 198. The only case which the Court has been able to find which permitted a post-termination publication to serve as a basis for assertion of a liberty interest is Dennis v. S&S Consolidated Rural High School District, 577 F.2d 338 (5th Cir. 1978). In that case, a teacher's contract was not renewed by the school board because of allegations that he had a drinking problem. The school board voted not to renew plaintiff's contract without giving him any reasons. In response to a request by plaintiff, the school board met one month later and disclosures were made that plaintiff's contract was not being renewed because of an alleged drinking problem. The Court held that plaintiff had been deprived of a liberty interest because he had been stigmatized by these public allegations. The specific question of whether or not the fact that the publication of the allegations occurred after the decision not to renew plaintiff's contract had been made was never addressed by the Court. The Court did discuss Dennis in a subsequent case, citing it not for the proposition that post-termination publication was sufficient, but, rather, for the proposition that the defamation involved need not cause the deprivation. Marrero v. City of Hialeah, 625 F.2d 499 (5th Cir. 1980). "[I]t is sufficient that the defamation occur in connection with, and be reasonably related to, the alteration of the right or interest." Id. at 519. 1085 The facts of Dennis are potentially distinguishable from the instant case. In Dennis the school board was voting on whether to renew the plaintiff's contract for the following year. Thus, although the decision to terminate had already been made at the time of the defamation, an employment relationship still existed at the time it was made. The Court concludes, after reviewing the applicable precedent, that the facts alleged by plaintiff in the instant case do not state a claim for deprivation of a liberty interest without due process. The Court realizes that the allegations directed against plaintiff may very well damage his reputation and affect his ability to obtain future employment. This, however, would be true of any defamation, whether or not it was made in connection with plaintiff's termination. There comes a point in time when post termination publication of defamation becomes sufficiently remote from the termination itself so as to make it no longer within "the course of termination of employment." Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693, 710, 96 S.Ct. 1155, 1165, 47 L.Ed.2d 405 (1975). The Supreme Court's holding in Paul v. Davis reinforces this Court's conclusion. In that case, the Court held that a defamatory statement made by a state official was not actionable in and of itself under § 1983 and the Fourteenth Amendment. Rather, the defamation must be accompanied by loss of employment. There comes a time at which the defamation leaves the umbrage of Board of Regents v. Roth, and becomes simple defamation within the holding of Paul v. Davis. The Court concludes that the point has been reached in the instant case and that the statements in question are not actionable under § 1983 and the Fourteenth Amendment. That is not to say, however, that plaintiff is without a remedy. As defamation, these facts may appropriately state a claim under state law. The Court only concludes that plaintiff has no cause of action under federal law, and, therefore, defendants' motion to dismiss will be granted. // // Copyright (C) 2018 Fabian Bronner <[email protected]> // // Documentation for these modules is at http://veins.car2x.org/ // // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later // // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by // the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or // (at your option) any later version. // // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU General Public License for more details. // // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software // Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA // #pragma once #include "veins/veins.h" #include "veins/base/utils/POA.h" #include "veins/base/utils/Coord.h" #include "veins/base/toolbox/Spectrum.h" #include "veins/base/phyLayer/AnalogueModel.h" namespace veins { /** * A Signal represents the power measured on a channel. * * The Signal is parameterized by the frequency range, time interval and spatial posititon. * The signal power is stored in milliwatt. * Signals can be combined arithmetically to, e.g., compute interference introduced by several overlapping signals. * * @see SignalUtils * @see Spectrum / class VEINS_API Signal { public: Signal() = default; /* * Copy another Signal. / Signal(const Signal& other); /* * Create a Signal with zero power and without timing information. / explicit Signal(Spectrum spec); /* * Create a Signal with zero power for a time interval. / Signal(Spectrum spec, simtime_t start, simtime_t duration); ~Signal() = default; /* * Get the Spectrum this Signal is defined on.
[ 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 6877, 187, 187, 55, 2441, 285, 1481, 26740, 941, 497, 5867, 407, 6015, 6260, 273, 11041, 281, 4271, 253, 2022, 285, 5016, 2538, 273, 26961, 2685, 3884, 285, 2685, 8593, 15, 12079, 3020, 6332, 497, 15045, 342, 1608, 2843, 254, 434, 7321, 32627, 12009, 422, 40358, 5199, 13, 285, 253, 10904, 475, 81, 11, 2193, 403, 2011, 323, 253, 1501, 26901, 6260, 15, 844, 908, 271, 1527, 2603, 1159, 6335, 2444, 327, 416, 3694, 4907, 475, 1145, 729, 518, 328, 11, 323, 253, 7605, 1783, 16616, 2413, 1358, 24078, 5985, 15, 5581, 15, 89, 13517, 15, 23731, 16, 4663, 15, 5581, 32, 44908, 6, 38, 22, 6, 2270, 6, 26, 35, 37322, 187, 187, 55, 2441, 659, 27410, 18194, 723, 1712, 1704, 25, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 26043, 187, 187, 14067, 253, 4942, 2159, 9759, 273, 884, 1186, 84, 13, 954, 273, 253, 1071, 7587, 22536, 5058, 13716, 13, 3707, 323, 767, 7587, 407, 767, 5014, 342, 5058, 13716, 15, 187, 187, 60, 2841, 374, 1084, 926, 19, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 986, 2722, 253, 1599, 1670, 421, 4757, 17503, 2439, 5014, 762, 253, 767, 26961, 2685, 2515, 323, 253, 1264, 2685, 4328, 2515, 15, 1707, 497, 1534, 2022, 2538, 273, 26961, 2685, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 23, 15, 1166, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 22439, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 21940, 13, 285, 2685, 4328, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 1508, 15, 2227, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 4713, 1186, 15, 2874, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 20914, 15, 380, 767, 14, 1106, 5016, 273, 26961, 2685, 285, 2685, 4328, 369, 417, 1534, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 1508, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 28560, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 5523, 15, 20815, 14023, 273, 2685, 4328, 4950, 10046, 1670, 421, 17503, 273, 2406, 1673, 7147, 5170, 1673, 1617, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 20, 15, 3763, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 7931, 13, 285, 10046, 1670, 421, 17503, 273, 2120, 14, 3423, 7147, 5170, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 23, 15, 3357, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 2874, 13, 285, 2406, 1673, 2515, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 20, 15, 1235, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 8897, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 12515, 1670, 421, 4757, 17503, 323, 1016, 4328, 285, 3884, 273, 26961, 2685, 15, 11759, 8965, 1957, 2629, 2228, 273, 253, 1599, 15, 5815, 1386, 6125, 941, 432, 271, 2060, 14687, 5774, 740, 15, 45085, 64, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 14, 926, 19, 4253, 926, 19, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 187, 22893, 5201, 26380, 1712, 1704, 26, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 23380, 187, 187, 8639, 253, 1783, 13, 359, 25665, 253, 19958, 1481, 6887, 275, 253, 806, 884, 13009, 313, 1518, 13818, 10, 432, 15199, 11653, 281, 23808, 342, 253, 3665, 2281, 5926, 387, 253, 5068, 273, 1016, 9759, 15, 544, 2841, 495, 1084, 926, 20, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 986, 2722, 253, 1599, 673, 2962, 273, 13235, 283, 5996, 8538, 1481, 26740, 2797, 432, 253, 388, 7414, 1899, 2439, 5014, 4103, 281, 253, 3302, 388, 7414, 1899, 273, 253, 15199, 9759, 313, 4793, 1899, 481, 380, 5325, 6, 7162, 11508, 273, 1016, 10491, 1127, 497, 10302, 407, 247, 8492, 14, 43122, 285, 21702, 313, 3979, 66, 10, 28551, 1332, 313, 38, 925, 251, 13, 12034, 481, 20597, 272, 15374, 5420, 281, 4711, 3579, 1481, 26740, 13, 1223, 16122, 15374, 5420, 281, 4711, 4512, 19265, 26740, 15, 5076, 13, 253, 10896, 273, 253, 1481, 26740, 5420, 1027, 2439, 2685, 8593, 387, 1878, 323, 253, 34602, 3102, 15, 13658, 13, 323, 253, 34602, 2685, 13, 2406, 285, 2120, 14, 3423, 2515, 20845, 281, 4711, 4067, 3579, 1481, 26740, 2429, 342, 253, 5170, 1673, 1617, 15, 733, 310, 671, 16613, 326, 1599, 1481, 16837, 4925, 12139, 1584, 275, 253, 2393, 2180, 273, 15199, 9759, 323, 1097, 7466, 285, 22170, 13, 342, 3629, 7162, 11508, 689, 673, 15, 1916, 31986, 253, 673, 2282, 273, 253, 1481, 16837, 625, 4518, 13, 359, 17944, 475, 85, 11, 2193, 347, 271, 15301, 273, 11254, 432, 253, 2613, 1899, 347, 247, 1159, 273, 673, 323, 1016, 1617, 2470, 2841, 577, 1084, 926, 21, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 380, 475, 85, 11, 2193, 403, 625, 13406, 275, 253, 2393, 2180, 273, 15199, 9759, 13, 13237, 10884, 281, 8245, 275, 253, 3563, 2180, 13, 6830, 984, 273, 26740, 896, 1955, 281, 1327, 34309, 313, 70, 15, 72, 904, 20229, 27186, 10, 6298, 15, 844, 3103, 4272, 253, 1481, 26740, 941, 715, 253, 806, 608, 1186, 84, 313, 18579, 2180, 10, 285, 253, 1390, 608, 1186, 84, 313, 12579, 2180, 10, 285, 5867, 731, 11794, 15, 5838, 326, 436, 3061, 281, 8085, 253, 941, 369, 1501, 26901, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 12515, 1481, 16837, 24102, 4103, 281, 253, 2613, 1899, 2439, 512, 5014, 323, 1016, 2685, 4328, 285, 3884, 15, 31322, 1957, 3388, 1481, 1899, 2439, 7587, 275, 1016, 1617, 15, 31641, 21111, 1957, 253, 5325, 6, 7162, 11508, 323, 1016, 941, 1127, 13, 2797, 407, 253, 28551, 1332, 15, 29071, 285, 4016, 2193, 327, 253, 9118, 7844, 1957, 13235, 285, 12637, 16837, 13, 2975, 5774, 740, 15, 45085, 64, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 14, 926, 20, 4253, 926, 20, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 187, 3138, 4769, 2962, 273, 3410, 14, 6160, 475, 85, 11, 2193, 432, 253, 2613, 1899, 2439, 5014, 323, 1016, 2685, 4328, 285, 3884, 15, 29071, 285, 4016, 2193, 327, 253, 9118, 7844, 1957, 253, 1481, 4886, 13235, 314, 390, 12637, 314, 4103, 281, 253, 2613, 1899, 13, 2975, 5774, 740, 15, 45085, 64, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 14, 926, 21, 4253, 926, 21, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 187, 1231, 5118, 253, 1481, 16837, 8492, 323, 1016, 2332, 347, 253, 1599, 1481, 16837, 1309, 26961, 2685, 9759, 4103, 281, 253, 2613, 1899, 15, 12318, 16837, 8492, 5550, 2522, 16837, 2807, 323, 1016, 2332, 369, 2931, 347, 3637, 27, 1764, 1156, 92, 2522, 889, 393, 1156, 92, 3431, 26380, 94, 426, 393, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 47, 889, 2204, 61, 10423, 578, 79, 1990, 47, 94, 89, 578, 79, 889, 3318, 2811, 475, 89, 11, 310, 253, 1481, 1899, 323, 1016, 19958, 1127, 13, 285, 475, 47, 11, 310, 253, 1180, 273, 19958, 941, 2792, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 671, 5118, 253, 7880, 1318, 273, 1481, 16837, 281, 12106, 253, 9777, 273, 253, 1481, 16837, 15, 380, 7880, 1481, 16837, 323, 1016, 2332, 369, 2931, 347, 3637, 27, 1764, 1156, 92, 49805, 889, 393, 1156, 92, 2522, 889, 393, 1156, 92, 3431, 26380, 94, 426, 393, 1274, 93, 1926, 1156, 92, 2522, 889, 393, 1156, 92, 3431, 26380, 599, 393, 918, 93, 1890, 187, 187, 1231, 840, 17522, 1481, 16837, 285, 7880, 1481, 16837, 323, 1016, 14687, 689, 2800, 7587, 591, 1617, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2534, 14777, 275, 544, 2841, 608, 1084, 926, 22, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 986, 921, 253, 1599, 1481, 16837, 2439, 512, 5014, 1309, 2393, 285, 3563, 9894, 273, 253, 15199, 9759, 762, 253, 767, 26961, 2685, 2515, 285, 253, 1264, 2685, 4328, 2515, 15, 496, 253, 2393, 2180, 13, 627, 369, 247, 1534, 2022, 1055, 273, 26961, 2685, 3884, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 25, 15, 1047, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 21940, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 24724, 13, 7809, 1027, 31306, 275, 1481, 16837, 323, 22170, 285, 7466, 13, 533, 642, 1534, 2022, 1055, 273, 2685, 4328, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 3141, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 1518, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 15798, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 1534, 5016, 273, 26961, 2685, 285, 2685, 4328, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 23, 15, 2922, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 13925, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 38823, 15, 41925, 1783, 4950, 1534, 2969, 2022, 2538, 273, 26961, 2685, 323, 2120, 14, 3423, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 23, 15, 3141, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 26045, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 24562, 13, 285, 2406, 1673, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 740, 15, 1797, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 13144, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 31699, 13, 2515, 533, 417, 323, 253, 5170, 1673, 1617, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 3011, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 30413, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 21940, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 2969, 2022, 1055, 273, 2685, 4328, 323, 253, 34602, 3102, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 24, 15, 1857, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 5523, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 14832, 13, 533, 417, 323, 253, 16122, 3102, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 1047, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 16767, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 29695, 15, 20815, 14023, 273, 253, 2685, 4328, 323, 22170, 4950, 4067, 1481, 16837, 275, 2406, 285, 2120, 14, 3423, 2515, 685, 253, 5170, 1673, 1617, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 21, 15, 938, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 8972, 28, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 19, 15, 1976, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 14521, 13, 533, 642, 1534, 3064, 875, 2406, 1673, 285, 2120, 14, 3423, 2515, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 1731, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 28953, 15, 496, 253, 3563, 2180, 13, 627, 369, 247, 1534, 2022, 1055, 273, 2685, 4328, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 21, 15, 1099, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 18092, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 21348, 13, 5727, 642, 1534, 2022, 1055, 273, 26961, 2685, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 19, 15, 3507, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 14783, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 30479, 13, 390, 767, 14, 1106, 5016, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 31408, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 49268, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 9104, 13, 369, 2540, 15, 20815, 14023, 4950, 4067, 1481, 16837, 275, 253, 2120, 14, 3423, 7147, 5170, 1673, 1617, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 20, 15, 2640, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 25814, 13, 533, 642, 1534, 3064, 875, 5170, 285, 2406, 1673, 2515, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 2055, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 39289, 13, 390, 2120, 285, 2406, 1673, 2515, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 2904, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 27893, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 12515, 1481, 16837, 4103, 281, 253, 2613, 1899, 323, 1016, 4328, 285, 3884, 273, 26961, 2685, 15, 844, 11794, 5118, 253, 1599, 1481, 16837, 323, 313, 66, 10, 806, 608, 256, 285, 313, 67, 10, 1390, 608, 256, 432, 253, 15199, 11653, 15, 5815, 1386, 6125, 941, 432, 271, 2060, 14687, 15 ]	19886903} ======= Vection and head sway data were analyzed by repeated analyses of variance to identify the main and interaction effects of optic flow direction and flow locations. Familywise errors were corrected with Shaffer's modified sequentially rejective Bonferroni procedure, and the adjusted p values are shown for the post hoc analyses. We used an open source function library working on R software named Anovakun for the statistical analysis (<http://riseki.php.xdomain.jp/index.php?ANOVA%E5%90%9B>). Vection Strength Ratings {#sec8-2041669519886903} ------------------------ Despite the relatively short presentation of 10 s, most of the test trials exceeded zero rating, except for two trials by two participants with zero rating. [Figure 2](#fig2-2041669519886903){ref-type="fig"} shows the mean vection strength ratings across participants under the two optic flow conditions for the three flow location conditions. There were significant main effects of optic flow, F(1, 8) = 6.17, p = .038, η^2^ = 0.021, and flow location, F(2, 16) = 23.85, p \< .001, η^2^ = 0.303. The two-way interaction of optic flow and flow location was not significant, F(2, 16) = 1.23, p = .318, η^2^ = 0.005. Multiple comparisons of flow location revealed stronger vection ratings of lower field versus upper field condition, t(8) = 3.62, p = .007, and stronger vection ratings of full-field versus upper, t(8) = 6.53, p = .001, and lower field conditions, t(8) = 3.50, p = .008. ![Mean vection strength ratings for each location and direction of optic flow. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Each line represents data from an individual participant.](10.1177_2041669519886903-fig2){#fig2-2041669519886903} Head Displacement {#sec9-2041669519886903} ----------------- Before the analysis, we discarded the sampled head positions in the first 10 frames (200 ms) from stimulus onset to cope with the frame rate drop at the beginning of each presentation. [Figure 3](#fig3-2041669519886903){ref-type="fig"} shows the mean time series of anterior--posterior head sway obtained from the HMD position across participants relative to the initial HMD position of the stimulus presentation (base position). The 95% confidence intervals of each sampling point were computed by a bias-corrected and accelerated (BCa) bootstrap method (Efron, 1987). Contracting stimuli appeared to produce forward head sway, while expanding stimuli appeared to produce slight backward sway. Moreover, the amplitude of the head sway appeared different across flow locations at least for the contracting pattern. Specifically, for the contracting flow, lower and full-field conditions tended to produce larger forward head sway compared with the upper field condition. It is also notable that mean head displacement reached asymptote in the early period of stimulus presentation for both expansion and contraction, with increasing confidence intervals over time. To visualize the time course of the head displacement more clearly, we plotted t values as an indicator of deviation from the base position as a function of time for each condition ([Figure 4](#fig4-2041669519886903){ref-type="fig"}). The t values are more remarkable in the early period of stimulus presentation, gradually returning to baseline in the late period, possibly because of sway back due to nonvisual (e.g., vestibular) signals. We therefore divided the head sway data into the first 5 s (early period) and the last 5 s (late period) and analyzed them separately. Note that this decision to split the data was post hoc. ![Mean head displacement trajectories relative to the base position across all participants for each flow location and direction. Lines represent average head position across trials in each condition. Ribbons represent the 95% confidence intervals for each data point, obtained by the bootstrap method. Positive and negative values on the vertical axis represent anterior and posterior displacement, respectively.](10.1177_2041669519886903-fig3){#fig3-2041669519886903} ![Time series of sample-specific t values from the base position across participants for each flow location and direction. Positive and negative values on the vertical axis represent the head moving anteriorly or posteriorly relative to the base position, respectively.](10.1177_2041669519886903-fig4){#fig4-2041669519886903} We calculated the head displacement bias for each trial as the mean head displacement during optic flow presentation relative to the base position. Head displacement bias ("head displacement") for each trial was defined as follows: $$\text{head}\ \text{displacement} = \frac{1}{N}\sum\limits_{n}^{N}x_{n}\ $$where x is the head position for each sampled point, and N is the number of sampled data points. We also calculated the absolute value of head displacement to analyze the magnitude of the head displacement. The absolute head displacement for each trial was defined as follows: $$\text{Absolute}\ \text{head}\ \text{displacement} = \left\| {\text{head}\ \text{displacement}} \right\|$$ We then averaged head displacement and absolute head displacement for each participant over six trials per condition. The bar plots in [Figure 5](#fig5-2041669519886903){ref-type="fig"} show the mean head displacement across all participants during early and late periods of the stimulus presentation under the two optic flow conditions and the three flow location conditions. In the early period, there was a significant main effect of optic flow direction, F(1, 8) = 8.14, p = .021, η^2^ = 0.262, indicating different biases in head displacement for contraction and expansion, but no significant main effect of flow location, F(2, 16) = 1.78, p = .200, η^2^ = 0.024. There was a significant interaction of optic flow and flow location, F(2, 16) = 6.07, p = .011, η^2^ = 0.089. Subsequent analysis revealed significant simple main effects of optic flow for full-field, F(1, 8) = 6.78, p = .031, η^2^ = 0.374, and lower field, F(1, 8) = 10.21, p = .013, η^2^ = 0.476, conditions but not for the upper field condition, F(1, 8) = 0.57, p = .474, η^2^ = 0.021. There was a simple main effect of flow location for the contracting pattern, F(2, 16) = 7.45, p = .005, η^2^ = 0.225, but not for the expanding pattern, F(2, 16) = 1.14, p = .345, η^2^ = 0.054. Multiple comparisons of the flow location for contraction revealed larger head displacement in lower and full-field conditions than the upper field condition, t(8) = 4.20, p = .009; t(8) = 2.75, p = .025, but no significant difference between lower field and full-field conditions, t(8) = 0.26, p = .803. In the late period, there was a significant main effect of flow location, F(2, 16) = 4.25, p = .033, η^2^ = 0.036, whereas no significant main effect of optic flow, F(1, 8) = 2.82, p = .132, η^2^ = 0.059, or two-way interaction, F(2, 16) = 0.473, p = .632, η^2^ = 0.010, was observed. Multiple comparisons revealed larger head displacement in the full-field versus upper field condition, t(8) = 3.02, p = .049, but no significant difference between upper and lower field conditions, t(8) = 1.88, p = .097, or full and lower field conditions, t(8) = 1.08, p = .313. ![Mean head displacement relative to the base position for each location and direction of optic flow. We separately calculated the mean head displacement for (a) first 5 s and (b) last 5 s from the stimulus onset. Each line represents data from an individual participant.
[ 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 4185, 67, 18, 14836, 2950, 69, 26233, 1717, 1099, 324, 19, 69, 453, 26, 66, 2597, 34237, 14576, 19, 796, 3342, 2090, 69, 11316, 1525, 746, 567, 69, 2417, 3342, 26, 1731, 66, 24, 71, 4590, 71, 24, 71, 14, 4658, 14485, 85, 14, 18, 15, 18, 15, 1706, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 24343, 64, 84, 3247, 64, 22, 15, 22, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 1731, 67, 20, 70, 2222, 1678, 71, 20, 69, 26, 68, 39126, 68, 21980, 14576, 1857, 35537, 67, 20, 67, 25, 14, 24343, 64, 84, 3247, 64, 22, 15, 22, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 1166, 1093, 1036, 21340, 71, 17364, 1010, 68, 2090, 70, 44828, 71, 24, 66, 21, 71, 18, 68, 20, 21553, 1867, 43847, 70, 1797, 71, 26, 2950, 567, 48463, 2759, 67, 16552, 38503, 70, 23, 26541, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 346, 1731, 67, 20, 70, 2222, 1678, 71, 20, 69, 26, 68, 39126, 68, 21980, 14576, 1857, 35537, 67, 20, 67, 25, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 1731, 67, 20, 70, 2222, 1678, 71, 20, 69, 26, 68, 39126, 68, 21980, 14576, 1857, 35537, 67, 20, 67, 25, 14, 24343, 64, 84, 3247, 64, 22, 15, 22, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 77, 7229, 14, 21, 15, 18, 15, 18, 15, 42649, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 77, 7229, 14, 21, 15, 18, 15, 18, 15, 42649, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 48173, 6357, 832, 18, 886, 24, 68, 3141, 70, 17, 68, 1706, 67, 17, 71, 23, 67, 3953, 453, 2945, 69, 17, 71, 938, 17107, 1010, 567, 68, 3141, 31730, 69, 23025, 1839, 66, 22, 7836, 69, 17, 71, 1449, 70, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 48173, 6357, 832, 18, 886, 24, 68, 3141, 70, 17, 68, 1706, 67, 17, 71, 23, 67, 3953, 453, 2945, 69, 17, 71, 938, 17107, 1010, 567, 68, 3141, 31730, 69, 23025, 1839, 66, 22, 7836, 69, 17, 71, 1449, 70, 14, 77, 7229, 14, 21, 15, 18, 15, 18, 15, 42649, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 78, 1792, 324, 67, 64, 8780, 14, 19, 15, 17, 15, 17, 14, 7614, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 66, 22187, 20895, 70, 2941, 69, 20, 68, 1229, 3121, 2358, 67, 21, 68, 48923, 69, 2055, 1036, 3832, 14, 78, 1792, 324, 67, 64, 8780, 14, 19, 15, 17, 15, 17, 14, 7614, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 9194, 19, 71, 37950, 615, 66, 25814, 68, 16129, 2357, 1671, 2275, 21358, 3348, 584, 18, 69, 25, 883, 69, 23, 66, 3507, 1093, 14711, 67, 361, 4482, 5781, 26, 67, 2759, 12352, 22, 2428, 1549, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 346, 66, 22187, 20895, 70, 2941, 69, 20, 68, 1229, 3121, 2358, 67, 21, 68, 48923, 69, 2055, 1036, 3832, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 66, 22187, 20895, 70, 2941, 69, 20, 68, 1229, 3121, 2358, 67, 21, 68, 48923, 69, 2055, 1036, 3832, 14, 78, 1792, 324, 67, 64, 8780, 14, 19, 15, 17, 15, 17, 14, 7614, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 6535, 1397, 14, 18, 15, 21, 15, 20, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 6535, 1397, 14, 18, 15, 21, 15, 20, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 1099, 336, 20, 69, 22, 2320, 26, 71, 23, 27059, 70, 18, 615, 1762, 4482, 1423, 67, 1508, 1036, 70, 3011, 67, 3566, 66, 3547, 66, 22, 67, 28057, 71, 4482, 19, 1473, 3031, 1473, 24, 1508, 2537, 68, 3593, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 1099, 336, 20, 69, 22, 2320, 26, 71, 23, 27059, 70, 18, 615, 1762, 4482, 1423, 67, 1508, 1036, 70, 3011, 67, 3566, 66, 3547, 66, 22, 67, 28057, 71, 4482, 19, 1473, 3031, 1473, 24, 1508, 2537, 68, 3593, 14, 6535, 1397, 14, 18, 15, 21, 15, 20, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 78, 37, 4883, 23450, 9631, 14, 34802, 15, 1518, 15, 1671, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 78, 37, 4883, 23450, 9631, 14, 34802, 15, 1518, 15, 1671, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 70, 28880, 67, 21, 69, 24, 69, 3342, 22, 2275, 1010, 3583, 11316, 10695, 2270, 324, 18, 13616, 20, 16129, 2251, 357, 23, 70, 1857, 70, 20, 28001, 69, 2358, 66, 357, 71, 23, 70, 25, 67, 20, 71, 22, 66, 17, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 70, 28880, 67, 21, 69, 24, 69, 3342, 22, 2275, 1010, 3583, 11316, 10695, 2270, 324, 18, 13616, 20, 16129, 2251, 357, 23, 70, 1857, 70, 20, 28001, 69, 2358, 66, 357, 71, 23, 70, 25, 67, 20, 71, 22, 66, 17, 14, 78, 37, 4883, 23450, 9631, 14, 34802, 15, 1518, 15, 1671, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 4658, 983, 16712, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 4658, 983, 16712, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 832, 1812, 68, 18, 66, 18, 66, 8902, 19, 5830, 20, 67, 17, 3026, 5781, 8407, 46043, 3342, 2031, 1438, 1257, 19, 5830, 25, 615, 23, 71, 1839, 3953, 1257, 22, 9194, 1787, 2640, 67, 13144, 5830, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 832, 1812, 68, 18, 66, 18, 66, 8902, 19, 5830, 20, 67, 17, 3026, 5781, 8407, 46043, 3342, 2031, 1438, 1257, 19, 5830, 25, 615, 23, 71, 1839, 3953, 1257, 22, 9194, 1787, 2640, 67, 13144, 5830, 14, 4658, 983, 16712, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 4658, 50198, 1403, 14, 17, 15, 20, 15, 1010, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 4658, 50198, 1403, 14, 17, 15, 20, 15, 1010, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 2125, 1449, 4482, 2693, 71, 1762, 70, 1706, 19332, 1508, 69, 25, 4989, 66, 1812, 1796, 49830, 29160, 2275, 9194, 25, 1787, 71, 26, 11316, 68, 44238, 71, 5470, 22, 67, 30768, 1473, 357, 17, 67, 18, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 2125, 1449, 4482, 2693, 71, 1762, 70, 1706, 19332, 1508, 69, 25, 4989, 66, 1812, 1796, 49830, 29160, 2275, 9194, 25, 1787, 71, 26, 11316, 68, 44238, 71, 5470, 22, 67, 30768, 1473, 357, 17, 67, 18, 14, 4658, 50198, 1403, 14, 17, 15, 20, 15, 1010, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 2577, 783, 84, 14, 18, 15, 19, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 66, 25, 68, 19, 68, 22, 67, 25, 71, 2693, 70, 24, 13616, 23625, 69, 22, 68, 31459, 567, 23, 66, 21, 67, 23, 14, 2577, 783, 84, 14, 18, 15, 19, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 18, 70, 3593, 71, 20216, 69, 25, 68, 37256, 68, 20, 70, 21, 70, 1976, 67, 48699, 70, 938, 6855, 19, 6855, 25469, 25039, 70, 1976, 357, 26933, 71, 26, 615, 21, 67, 17, 70, 2922, 2270, 66, 19042, 71, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 346, 66, 25, 68, 19, 68, 22, 67, 25, 71, 2693, 70, 24, 13616, 23625, 69, 22, 68, 31459, 567, 23, 66, 21, 67, 23, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 66, 25, 68, 19, 68, 22, 67, 25, 71, 2693, 70, 24, 13616, 23625, 69, 22, 68, 31459, 567, 23, 66, 21, 67, 23, 14, 2577, 783, 84, 14, 18, 15, 19, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 570, 251, 14, 17, 15, 1229, 15, 19, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 570, 251, 14, 17, 15, 1229, 15, 19, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 5470, 17, 14836, 25, 68, 8632, 22011, 67, 2385, 71, 3357, 66, 23, 71, 361, 3031, 68, 4529, 69, 22, 5830, 1449, 67, 17, 71, 10496, 67, 1010, 1787, 1093, 69, 18, 67, 1010, 69, 20, 69, 39755, 15662, 6357, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 5470, 17, 14836, 25, 68, 8632, 22011, 67, 2385, 71, 3357, 66, 23, 71, 361, 3031, 68, 4529, 69, 22, 5830, 1449, 67, 17, 71, 10496, 67, 1010, 1787, 1093, 69, 18, 67, 1010, 69, 20, 69, 39755, 15662, 6357, 14, 570, 251, 14, 17, 15, 1229, 15, 19, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 79, 859, 14, 20, 15, 2504, 15, 18, 14, 3113, 14, 79, 27375, 14, 21, 15, 1508, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 79, 859, 14, 20, 15, 2504, 15, 18, 14, 3113, 14, 79, 27375, 14, 21, 15, 1508, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 2922, 69, 21, 22818, 13851, 71, 3046, 4482, 1229, 1839, 68, 3141, 1731, 69, 8902, 22, 71, 3342, 43658, 25, 23126, 1678, 71, 2082, 70, 21, 70, 23, 70, 3079, 67, 336, 2511, 2960, 3141, 68, 1540, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 2922, 69, 21, 22818, 13851, 71, 3046, 4482, 1229, 1839, 68, 3141, 1731, 69, 8902, 22, 71, 3342, 43658, 25, 23126, 1678, 71, 2082, 70, 21, 70, 23, 70, 3079, 67, 336, 2511, 2960, 3141, 68, 1540, 14, 79, 859, 14, 20, 15, 2504, 15, 18, 14, 3113, 14, 79, 27375, 14, 21, 15, 1508, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 4658, 351, 71, 1541, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 23, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 4658, 351, 71, 1541, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 23, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 19, 68, 24, 67, 22981, 4529, 71, 2759, 66, 21, 68, 41309, 2950, 71, 34938, 883, 70, 550, 45328, 32149, 4185, 1976, 68, 26, 3677, 70, 4185, 1678, 67, 16604, 1473, 2526, 14576, 17, 317, 26, 68, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 19, 68, 24, 67, 22981, 4529, 71, 2759, 66, 21, 68, 41309, 2950, 71, 34938, 883, 70, 550, 45328, 32149, 4185, 1976, 68, 26, 3677, 70, 4185, 1678, 67, 16604, 1473, 2526, 14576, 17, 317, 26, 68, 19, 14, 4658, 351, 71, 1541, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 23, 15 ]	md5name = "98b1bd46d6792925ad2dfe9a87452ea2adebf69dcb9919ffd55bf926a7f93f7f-libxslt-1.1.34.tar.gz"; } { name = "lp_solve_5.5.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/26b3e95ddf3d9c077c480ea45874b3b8-lp_solve_5.5.tar.gz"; sha256 = "171816288f14215c69e730f7a4f1c325739873e21f946ff83884b350574e6695"; md5 = "26b3e95ddf3d9c077c480ea45874b3b8"; md5name = "26b3e95ddf3d9c077c480ea45874b3b8-lp_solve_5.5.tar.gz"; } { name = "lxml-4.1.1.tgz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/lxml-4.1.1.tgz"; sha256 = "940caef1ec7c78e0c34b0f6b94fe42d0f2022915ffc78643d28538a5cfd0f40e"; md5 = ""; md5name = "940caef1ec7c78e0c34b0f6b94fe42d0f2022915ffc78643d28538a5cfd0f40e-lxml-4.1.1.tgz"; } { name = "mariadb_client-2.0.0-src.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/a233181e03d3c307668b4c722d881661-mariadb_client-2.0.0-src.tar.gz"; sha256 = "fd2f751dea049c1907735eb236aeace1d811d6a8218118b00bbaa9b84dc5cd60"; md5 = "a233181e03d3c307668b4c722d881661"; md5name = "a233181e03d3c307668b4c722d881661-mariadb_client-2.0.0-src.tar.gz"; } { name = "mdds-1.4.3.tar.bz2"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/mdds-1.4.3.tar.bz2"; sha256 = "25ce3d5af9f6609e1de05bb22b2316e57b74a72a5b686fbb2da199da72349c81"; md5 = ""; md5name = "25ce3d5af9f6609e1de05bb22b2316e57b74a72a5b686fbb2da199da72349c81-mdds-1.4.3.tar.bz2"; } { name = "mDNSResponder-878.200.35.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/mDNSResponder-878.200.35.tar.gz"; sha256 = "e777b4d7dbf5eb1552cb80090ad1ede319067ab6e45e3990d68aabf6e8b3f5a0"; md5 = ""; md5name = "e777b4d7dbf5eb1552cb80090ad1ede319067ab6e45e3990d68aabf6e8b3f5a0-mDNSResponder-878.200.35.tar.gz"; } { name = "libmspub-0.1.4.tar.xz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/libmspub-0.1.4.tar.xz"; sha256 = "ef36c1a1aabb2ba3b0bedaaafe717bf4480be2ba8de6f3894be5fd3702b013ba"; md5 = ""; md5name = "ef36c1a1aabb2ba3b0bedaaafe717bf4480be2ba8de6f3894be5fd3702b013ba-libmspub-0.1.4.tar.xz"; } { name = "libmwaw-0.3.15.tar.xz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/libmwaw-0.3.15.tar.xz"; sha256 = "0440bb09f05e3419423d8dfa36ee847056ebfd837f9cbc091fdb5b057daab0b1"; md5 = ""; md5name = "0440bb09f05e3419423d8dfa36ee847056ebfd837f9cbc091fdb5b057daab0b1-libmwaw-0.3.15.tar.xz"; } { name = "mythes-1.2.4.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/a8c2c5b8f09e7ede322d5c602ff6a4b6-mythes-1.2.4.tar.gz"; sha256 = "1e81f395d8c851c3e4e75b568e20fa2fa549354e75ab397f9de4b0e0790a305f"; md5 = "a8c2c5b8f09e7ede322d5c602ff6a4b6"; md5name = "a8c2c5b8f09e7ede322d5c602ff6a4b6-mythes-1.2.4.tar.gz"; } { name = "neon-0.30.2.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/neon-0.30.2.tar.gz"; sha256 = "db0bd8cdec329b48f53a6f00199c92d5ba40b0f015b153718d1b15d3d967fbca"; md5 = ""; md5name = "db0bd8cdec329b48f53a6f00199c92d5ba40b0f015b153718d1b15d3d967fbca-neon-0.30.2.tar.gz"; } { name = "nss-3.47.1-with-nspr-4.23.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/nss-3.47.1-with-nspr-4.23.tar.gz"; sha256 = "07d4276168f59bb3038c7826dabb5fbfbab8336ddf65e4e6e43bce89ada78c64"; md5 = ""; md5name = "07d4276168f59bb3038c7826dabb5fbfbab8336ddf65e4e6e43bce89ada78c64-nss-3.47.1-with-nspr-4.23.tar.gz"; } { name = "libodfgen-0.1.6.tar.bz2"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/libodfgen-0.1.6.tar.bz2"; sha256 = "2c7b21892f84a4c67546f84611eccdad6259875c971e98ddb027da66ea0ac9c2"; md5 = ""; md5name = "2c7b21892f84a4c67546f84611eccdad6259875c971e98ddb027da66ea0ac9c2-libodfgen-0.1.6.
[ 303, 42111, 13, 253, 1273, 5347, 273, 2903, 90, 5182, 13, 310, 5345, 10294, 32253, 273, 19548, 335, 285, 4428, 2067, 9195, 13, 253, 954, 13943, 1146, 4377, 12521, 662, 284, 343, 17183, 3719, 434, 21131, 285, 253, 17658, 273, 427, 357, 86, 13, 253, 2656, 273, 24207, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 23676, 376, 187, 187, 41, 29628, 13, 9199, 10294, 31438, 273, 19548, 335, 13, 310, 581, 273, 253, 1682, 15296, 285, 25423, 273, 9256, 434, 39327, 4375, 13, 13597, 281, 253, 337, 296, 5331, 5446, 15, 329, 914, 265, 1940, 3645, 26254, 17855, 13, 352, 434, 6107, 407, 18660, 273, 33013, 13, 7275, 1768, 285, 9930, 15, 187, 187, 817, 36496, 43232, 611, 3322, 49991, 1539, 187, 187, 30359, 634, 44890, 14233, 3212, 285, 9413, 253, 26101, 4288, 12095, 275, 253, 10515, 5791, 1108, 24923, 32738, 7399, 15, 380, 2919, 434, 43387, 13, 686, 510, 5131, 9256, 1383, 812, 417, 320, 625, 13532, 15, 831, 310, 253, 9256, 368, 1053, 626, 923, 275, 253, 3668, 15, 733, 434, 247, 4999, 285, 34131, 300, 258, 4914, 342, 9369, 8238, 13, 594, 1875, 14700, 285, 5890, 13, 33398, 952, 15, 187, 187, 42, 376, 33980, 32738, 7399, 310, 22335, 629, 273, 9256, 13, 533, 352, 1537, 347, 973, 320, 247, 4858, 2586, 15, 733, 556, 697, 1211, 4335, 9843, 285, 16005, 13, 697, 1211, 31195, 37946, 13, 697, 1211, 11515, 285, 4466, 285, 697, 1211, 8544, 1108, 253, 367, 15897, 961, 2485, 15, 380, 2502, 13, 3168, 285, 4759, 41340, 7908, 13, 342, 697, 787, 34054, 8862, 5101, 275, 253, 9145, 13, 3133, 281, 892, 12216, 432, 1046, 3652, 13, 1113, 285, 13599, 3956, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10020, 14, 1920, 20899, 41340, 19804, 7295, 14991, 8328, 253, 24923, 26020, 273, 399, 1368, 2788, 13, 8024, 33331, 13, 36375, 333, 1342, 14059, 1240, 285, 247, 1643, 11186, 9886, 273, 427, 249, 11415, 285, 16219, 303, 15, 380, 2919, 556, 11346, 372, 32924, 29601, 1580, 10226, 13, 672, 253, 1982, 4668, 4232, 247, 642, 14, 31045, 8232, 281, 4017, 253, 1048, 14, 10468, 2079, 24941, 1397, 432, 42795, 42376, 434, 23180, 9459, 15, 380, 3708, 369, 7473, 1701, 275, 5826, 672, 253, 747, 24923, 10350, 25048, 24923, 41340, 30993, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 2393, 12942, 281, 24923, 32738, 7399, 13, 352, 434, 247, 4839, 281, 5517, 5674, 3652, 806, 14, 4608, 15, 496, 253, 13321, 15762, 10157, 8238, 273, 8024, 33331, 285, 36375, 333, 1342, 14059, 1240, 13, 1531, 6597, 562, 9133, 1054, 609, 1641, 347, 247, 5140, 25014, 4245, 6054, 281, 747, 18997, 21440, 13, 34028, 13, 30006, 278, 10037, 285, 22777, 48520, 15, 24923, 32738, 7399, 434, 1524, 31154, 2167, 403, 697, 21472, 3626, 10763, 1108, 8762, 14, 68, 6965, 14700, 13, 3676, 476, 90, 790, 13, 23535, 1824, 27366, 285, 48825, 21646, 1108, 285, 697, 952, 13, 3692, 42548, 285, 26326, 1620, 1891, 281, 9232, 253, 15060, 273, 512, 12942, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 1503, 518, 1689, 535, 50276, 37258, 1227, 42954, 5091, 13, 933, 187, 187, 2598, 26732, 390, 1996, 13, 4130, 7637, 598, 275, 1503, 518, 1689, 15, 831, 45807, 1981, 13, 21501, 1981, 5680, 3874, 310, 816, 247, 5184, 432, 253, 309, 44147, 35667, 300, 26580, 13, 253, 2022, 14270, 1127, 875, 14307, 285, 9256, 15, 6975, 1142, 5680, 15918, 1475, 253, 1533, 13, 5454, 310, 253, 1495, 25304, 273, 253, 1980, 6982, 13, 533, 1223, 1503, 518, 1689, 310, 17127, 2217, 627, 310, 1652, 273, 1600, 323, 24359, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 52, 4380, 187, 187, 13569, 267, 15454, 11324, 1838, 7538, 187, 187, 59, 518, 1689, 434, 954, 8530, 21779, 310, 436, 9129, 9729, 13, 247, 5389, 8805, 4222, 689, 253, 611, 8621, 321, 7121, 15, 12526, 13, 253, 2892, 273, 253, 1711, 9729, 556, 644, 14454, 689, 673, 15, 27922, 253, 9729, 13, 368, 1833, 1089, 247, 1355, 36067, 5603, 285, 17127, 15660, 265, 37159, 253, 8281, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 33669, 272, 708, 46285, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 18660, 273, 8614, 285, 10301, 4610, 2112, 19761, 9314, 5582, 659, 15, 14469, 7911, 403, 2223, 15212, 275, 1982, 8918, 13, 533, 368, 476, 2075, 275, 13223, 274, 15, 187, 187, 35, 1370, 1370, 14469, 388, 2415, 3887, 3318, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 43670, 3436, 2227, 28, 19761, 9314, 5582, 659, 28, 256, 16, 69, 5417, 1229, 13, 5388, 16, 3832, 13, 933, 28, 50276, 10, 3105, 253, 3331, 15717, 1659, 13, 285, 253, 16612, 331, 3106, 273, 19555, 11283, 13, 533, 5010, 436, 1659, 556, 1077, 1175, 1318, 9956, 342, 5699, 20534, 13, 6359, 18016, 1641, 285, 247, 12524, 533, 4376, 90, 10301, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 21166, 187, 187, 2042, 13590, 281, 14307, 1818, 5780, 24923, 13223, 274, 1060, 347, 253, 4142, 327, 253, 18416, 1930, 403, 622, 11822, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 27347, 1707, 708, 37811, 187, 187, 18281, 2891, 261, 4288, 875, 1503, 518, 1689, 285, 399, 1368, 2788, 285, 2105, 5417, 24, 933, 591, 1436, 15, 329, 3055, 24928, 281, 253, 9256, 14, 23992, 2364, 5680, 4815, 5417, 28306, 15, 1198, 625, 8692, 327, 14270, 436, 5680, 15682, 1060, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 399, 1368, 2788, 535, 50276, 37258, 1227, 42954, 11084, 13, 933, 187, 187, 36, 4614, 1070, 407, 767, 11129, 13794, 670, 3387, 10294, 32253, 273, 1503, 518, 1689, 13, 399, 1368, 2788, 310, 247, 10000, 13, 28378, 285, 1095, 8140, 23176, 1659, 15, 831, 9835, 3874, 310, 247, 794, 1659, 281, 8338, 285, 2789, 271, 7445, 2613, 323, 1388, 19055, 281, 5053, 824, 347, 48877, 763, 285, 3052, 11282, 5973, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 52, 4380, 535, 50276, 37, 1368, 2788, 3975, 21778, 443, 5626, 16759, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 44, 11415, 21775, 28, 11341, 1959, 28, 50275, 26, 312, 14, 18, 2617, 708, 495, 14, 23, 2617, 10, 6676, 952, 651, 320, 9861, 281, 3037, 326, 627, 434, 247, 12274, 3647, 1445, 6200, 275, 32738, 7399, 13, 533, 436, 29837, 1652, 19718, 310, 4737, 273, 326, 15, 18901, 14, 28276, 2987, 407, 1980, 10846, 403, 8653, 313, 395, 4211, 10, 275, 436, 973, 14, 14326, 285, 1077, 39470, 1408, 19718, 15, 5531, 4754, 13, 9256, 1620, 10224, 281, 9326, 2, 187, 187, 37, 1368, 2788, 378, 11983, 274, 45375, 2025, 187, 187, 34, 5899, 1711, 2791, 342, 247, 37045, 273, 31132, 1576, 285, 10688, 1020, 48073, 10156, 3253, 432, 4365, 1507, 285, 37484, 281, 41340, 14234, 15, 380, 8481, 19548, 1452, 285, 697, 10688, 1020, 246, 4206, 1054, 9668, 13, 275, 253, 2798, 273, 253, 270, 11983, 274, 13, 310, 581, 273, 253, 17172, 15039, 10999, 275, 399, 1368, 2788, 15, 187, 187, 37, 1883, 3228, 5208, 17423, 10634, 367, 18004, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 324, 2230, 5417, 33856, 13, 28742, 5417, 9138, 14, 6914, 28, 50275, 24, 2617, 14, 12579, 10, 399, 1368, 2788, 434, 954, 4633, 21779, 342, 9256, 261, 13, 436, 310, 247, 1781, 36067, 5603, 16, 373, 430, 342, 247, 12413, 2158, 24770, 261, 9530, 285, 643, 39314, 28742, 13, 5043, 247, 3492, 12423, 796, 13, 43410, 13, 17120, 13, 15114, 13, 21440, 285, 13319, 9076, 15, 380, 1659, 1663, 4850, 33852, 272, 327, 8216, 285, 6794, 15513, 13, 672, 1980, 2255, 1614, 562, 275, 616, 41987, 1981, 10688, 1020, 5899, 32724, 15, 187, 187, 37, 1368, 2788, 535, 322, 4380, 187, 187, 18, 6412, 273, 659, 309, 394, 20288, 19369, 378, 19, 187, 187, 19, 399, 1368, 2788, 3975, 21778, 330, 18, 187, 187, 20, 20909, 3228, 329, 19, 535, 26735, 272, 187, 187, 21, 399, 41178, 14469, 330, 18, 187, 187, 22, 14469, 378, 1426, 249, 330, 18, 187, 187, 23, 14469, 2956, 39772, 399, 19, 187, 187, 24, 21128, 74, 14469, 330, 18, 535, 46285, 187, 187, 25, 1219, 14, 52, 796, 254, 21632, 11726, 330, 18, 187, 187, 26, 353, 1164, 267, 37119, 330, 18, 187, 187, 43755, 16128, 13798, 257, 796, 367, 18004, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 247, 4633, 7824, 1854, 285, 952, 14, 13060, 272, 6308, 13, 3340, 275, 253, 3563, 9055, 285, 2393, 7237, 285, 29665, 15, 380, 14656, 16128, 13798, 257, 796, 556, 31337, 270, 44404, 13, 1824, 269, 702, 1550, 13, 48106, 13, 15660, 265, 285, 271, 17603, 29555, 37018, 11203, 15, 187, 187, 42462, 273, 659, 309, 394, 20288, 19369, 5642, 3322, 2775, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 1552, 2328, 264, 6105, 310, 327, 247, 13599, 275, 8935, 399, 1368, 2788, 285, 12282, 896, 281, 253, 721, 394, 5331, 5446, 15, 380, 1655, 3652, 310, 4518, 21629, 285, 3797, 247, 20295, 1652, 4797, 14, 395, 14, 1257, 9236, 17603, 34086, 9940, 281, 253, 8237, 6393, 15, 187, 187, 37, 1368, 2788, 12304, 657, 25220, 34415, 187, 187, 6300, 6146, 273, 17207, 13, 253, 2687, 285, 697, 637, 14, 12710, 14593, 285, 1824, 12615, 310, 247, 4633, 2021, 38769, 6308, 285, 6131, 13491, 6849, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 33669, 272, 708, 46285, 187, 187, 1394, 1833, 1089, 18660, 273, 7563, 285, 4260, 6324, 15114, 285, 21440, 2112, 611, 11415, 21775, 15, 16349, 285, 14306, 1321, 21440, 285, 15114, 403, 327, 1503, 518, 1689, 10834, 2822, 20909, 3228, 15, 5595, 7563, 21440, 452, 39163, 18016, 1641, 15, 535, 50276, 44, 49520, 14469, 388, 2415, 3887, 370, 1890, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 48923, 10484, 1610, 28, 443, 5242, 10834, 28, 256, 16, 69, 5417, 1967, 13, 933, 16, 2270, 13, 933, 28, 50275, 10, 329, 499, 2345, 747, 1659, 342, 247, 1077, 39189, 4376, 6809, 13, 253, 21128, 74, 556, 44593, 20534, 13, 6507, 14, 14396, 5579, 84, 13, 3590, 16314, 264, 9956, 13, 711, 661, 281, 789, 387, 285, 247, 1077, 29422, 12046, 15, 1310, 368, 476, 1488, 2134, 247, 1884, 6, 13630, 840, 368, 755, 247, 30006, 5328, 4177, 432, 441, 285, 247, 27871, 432, 731, 15, 187, 187, 24757, 293, 378, 1426, 249, 388, 2415, 3887, 3318, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 48923, 854, 20700, 28, 260, 23838, 611, 11415, 21775, 708, 43291, 659, 28, 256, 16, 69, 5417, 1229, 13, 933, 16, 1235, 13, 933, 28, 50276, 10, 380, 14469, 378, 1426, 249, 313, 12563, 43997, 686, 50182, 37525, 3401, 556, 1781, 285, 4076, 9956, 326, 2486, 5579, 13, 6359, 18016, 1641, 285, 10464, 384, 24976, 15, 380, 7302, 434, 3347, 16544, 4383, 15, 187, 187, 24757, 293, 2956, 39772, 388, 2415, 3887, 370, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 48923, 14821, 18, 28, 611, 11415, 21775, 28, 391, 1293, 12561, 5417, 938, 13, 933, 28, 50276, 10, 380, 14469, 2956, 39772, 310, 2783, 795, 783, 64, 30564, 254, 8614, 275, 9256, 15, 380, 10058, 285, 5044, 9956, 403, 4934, 4076, 285, 2486, 247, 32454, 13, 5579, 285, 3055, 15336, 15, 1723, 13, 5747, 697, 18395, 359, 1158, 326, 323, 816, 247, 1652, 625, 2583, 368, 476, 755, 247, 2644, 2257, 625, 11358, 275, 3874, 15, 5838, 326, 690, 952, 403, 6636, 407, 253, 2316, 13, 2571, 407, 253, 1436, 15, 187, 187, 37, 41178, 14469, 388, 2415, 3887, 3318, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 2922, 1235, 854, 2417, 31507, 18, 28, 611, 11415, 21775, 28, 591, 1436, 5417, 1449, 13, 933, 28, 50276, 10, 329, 1781, 13, 747, 8614, 326, 434, 1199, 20182, 685, 697, 10299, 13, 6385, 45284, 14, 25483, 19633, 5644, 368, 281, 1902, 15, 380, 7863, 9956, 403, 6898, 342, 11518, 3644, 14, 5308, 31538, 723, 285, 512, 598, 352, 434, 1633, 273, 247, 27871, 15, 187, 187, 2422, 14, 52, 796, 254, 21632, 11726, 36496, 43232, 3318, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 40, 5242, 10834, 28, 39047, 5417, 24, 933, 14, 740, 13, 933, 28, 50275, 740, 312, 14, 7893, 6170, 10, 26659, 247, 1980, 835, 281, 6008, 275, 399, 1368, 2788, 285, 627, 434, 247, 3965, 1175, 4839, 597, 1833, 5007, 368, 1060, 15, 496, 5083, 253, 2739, 310, 9648, 2074, 281, 1142, 643, 5053, 313, 413, 43658, 3780, 32, 582, 533, 253, 6849, 432, 253, 337, 296, 14, 13848, 17552, 2316, 285, 253, 42876, 625, 9470, 8910, 5604, 1918, 352, 271, 5024, 689, 253, 7324, 15, 187, 187, 46, 1164, 267, 37119, 36496, 43232, 3318, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 14340, 83, 1503, 518, 1689, 10834, 708, 611, 11415, 21775, 28, 39047, 5417, 28306, 14, 740, 13, 933, 28, 50275, 740, 312, 14 ]	imrud, the second capital of Assyria, is 37km southeast of Mosul and contains several buildings, the most impressive being King Ashurnasirpal II's palace and the Temple of Nabu, the God of Writing. #### Hatra Hatra, 110km southwest of Mosul, is one of the best preserved and youngest of Iraq's archaeological sites, dating to the 1st century AD. A Unesco World Heritage Site, it's covered by dozens of temples, tombs and columns. ## IRAQI KURDISTAN Leave your misconceptions behind and discover the newest travel destination in the Middle East – Iraqi Kurdistan. The region's slogan, 'The Other Iraq', could not be more fitting. This is the Iraq you don't see in the news. It's a safe and tranquil oasis with happening cities, soaring mountains and warm, welcoming people. Iraqi Kurdistan is technically part of Iraq, but it might as well be a separate country. It has its own prime minister and parliament, its own passport stamps, its own languages and culture and its own army – the Peshmerga. The red, white and green Kurdish flag, with its blazing yellow sun in the centre, seems to flutter from every building, car and hilltop. The semi-autonomous Kurdish Regional Government administers the Iraqi provinces of Dohuk, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah and a few northern bits of Ninawa and Tamim. The region has enjoyed de facto autonomy since 1991, when the US military established a no-flight zone to protect the long-oppressed Kurds from Saddam Hussein's brutal regime. The status was formalised in 2005 when the new Iraqi Constitution recognised Iraqi Kurdish sovereignty. For early visitors to Iraqi Kurdistan, it's a chance to witness nation building first-hand. In the cosmopolitan cities of Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, cranes outnumber minarets as a construction boom gives rise to new luxury hotels, museums, shiny malls and tourist resorts. Iraqi Kurdistan's real attractions though are its stunning natural beauty – snow-capped mountains, deep canyons, gorgeous waterfalls and raging rivers – and its people, whose generosity and warmth never fail to capture the hearts of all visitors. ### Zakho 062 / POP 90,000 Sooner or later, everyone ends up in Zakho. This hustling, bustling border town is just a hop from the Ibrahim Khalil Border, the main crossing point between Turkey and Iraq. Like many border towns around the world, trade is the lifeblood of the local economy, but while Zakho is pleasant enough there is little of interest for tourists. #### Sights Delal Bridge BRIDGE Zakho's most famous attraction is this ancient bridge, a beautiful stone arch over the Khabur River. Unfortunately, the history of the old bridge has been forgotten over time. Near the bridge, you'll find a small amusement park and pleasant cafes overlooking the river. #### Sleeping & Eating There are dozens of hotel and restaurant options along Bederkhan St. Hotel prices are often quoted in US dollars, but you can pay in dinar. Bazaz Hotel HOTEL $$ ( 770 2685; Bederkhan St; s/d ID30,500/61,000; ) Not the friendliest place, and the lobby stinks of cigarette smoke, but otherwise this place has very good value rooms with huge beds, Western toilets and a decent but pricey restaurant. #### Information If heading to Turkey change remaining Iraqi dinar here as the rates on the Turkish side are appalling. #### Getting There & Away Share taxis travel between Zakho and Dohuk and cost ID7000 per person. A private taxi to the Iraq-Turkey border costs ID5000. For more info on crossing this border Click here. ### Dohuk 062 / POP 130,000 Cradled by two mountain ranges about 40km southeast of Zakho, Dohuk is a busy, energetic and curiously appealing place. This university town is a fun place to explore and makes an ideal base for day trips to places such as Lalish and Amadiya. #### Sights Dohuk Art Gallery GALLERY Offline map (Kawa Rd; admission free; 9am-1pm & 3-6pm) Many people would be surprised to learn that there's a flourishing art scene in Kurdistan, but this superb little gallery is proof of that. Ever-changing works by local artists are displayed (and sold) in this well-lit and very professionally run gallery. Oh yes, Iraq never fails to surprise! Dohuk Bazaar MARKET A traditional old market with a maze of alleyways and colourful stalls selling everything from sweets and spices to Kurdish clothing. The Grand Mosque and its colourful tiled minaret, in the heart of the bazaar, is one of the oldest mosques in Dohuk. Dream City AMUSEMENT PARK Offline map (admission ID1500, rides ID1000-2000; 7pm-late) Dohuk's most popular attraction with Iraqis, this is a large amusement park/resort with a towering Ferris wheel and other thrill rides, plus a video arcade, bowling, swimming, restaurants, hotels and holiday homes. The place really gets cranking on Thursday and Friday nights, when local women turn out in their dazzling colourful traditional dresses. Dohuk Sights 1 Church of St Ith Llaha B2 2 Dohuk Art Gallery C1 3 Dream City A2 Sleeping 4 Dolphin Hotel C1 5 Hotel Bircin C1 6 Hotel Parleman D2 7 Khani Hotel C1 Eating 8 Al-Sadeer Palace Rest C1 9 Mankal Restaurant C1 Corniche Promenade PARK This is a popular walking path and people-watching spot, especially in the late afternoon and early evening and weekends. The Corniche Promenade has inviting benches, water fountains, sculptures, cafes and an outdoor amphitheatre. Church of St Ith Llaha CHURCH Offline map This domed church is on a hill in west Dohuk and dates back to the 6th century AD. The current building is clearly newer and includes a cute little blue-and-beige outdoor chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Dohuk Dam VIEWPOINT Just north of downtown, the dam and its man-made lake and waterfall is a popular family picnic spot and offers lovely views. #### Sleeping & Eating You'll find dozens of budget and midrange restaurants and hotels along Kawa Rd. Modern and pricier hotels and restaurants are on Zakho Way near Dream City. Most budget hotels have squat toilets. Khani Hotel HOTEL $$$ Offline map ( 722 7733; Galy Way; s/d ID70,000/90,000; ) A plush new place with a very tempting price tag, the Khani has heavenly beds, flat-screen TVs, soundproofed rooms, desks to work at and a very polished attitude. If you can wrangle a 30% discount then you get a shiny gold star from us and a bargain from them. Hotel Bircin HOTEL $$ Offline map ( 722 8182; cnr Kawa Rd & Cinema St; s/d ID30,000/50,000; ) The Hotel Bircin (also spelled 'Birjin') has large and clean rooms that include TV, Western toilets and bathtubs. The owner's son speaks English. Hotel Parleman HOTEL $ Offline map ( 722 1361; Kawa Rd; r without breakfast ID20,000; ) The Hotel Parleman is considered _the_ backpacker hotel in Iraq. The tiny and basic rooms are kept clean and include a fridge, TV and private bathroom. However, despite its popularity we think that for just a little more money you can get a whole lot more elsewhere in town. Note that some people are charged by the room, others by the person. Dolphin Hotel HOTEL $$ Offline map ( 0750 855 2841; Kawa Rd; per person ID40,000; ) A large, new hotel that's much cheaper than its flash, mirrored-glass exterior leads you to expect. The massive rooms are filled with conservative dark-wood furnishings and all up it's something of a bargain. Al-Sadeer Palace Rest IRAQI $$ Offline map (Galy Way; mains ID7000-10,000; 10am-midnight) Ask a local where to eat in Dohuk and there's a pretty good chance they'll send you here. In truth the food is fairly similar to many other places (kebab anyone?), but the views from the 1st-floor dining room and the marginally more extensive menu certainly give it an edge over the competition. Mankal Restaurant IRAQI $$ Offline map (cnr Zakho Way & Kawa Rd; mains ID5000-10,000; 10am-
[ 1128, 395, 1375, 326, 11369, 2718, 556, 1160, 436, 1618, 273, 773, 3191, 668, 1199, 3356, 15, 6049, 310, 326, 13, 285, 752, 651, 368, 1908, 281, 320, 253, 1755, 1740, 773, 3191, 668, 273, 253, 11369, 2718, 23657, 32, 187, 187, 1231, 5867, 253, 8996, 273, 841, 5243, 34356, 3607, 275, 253, 11369, 6239, 1469, 896, 512, 253, 1039, 281, 48466, 15, 733, 3395, 2590, 281, 441, 326, 253, 8946, 11369, 773, 408, 1005, 668, 824, 347, 3290, 13, 5252, 13, 285, 13367, 497, 5667, 275, 2403, 24165, 824, 347, 8458, 13, 1612, 10988, 13, 18784, 13, 285, 4014, 15791, 789, 27340, 285, 3283, 1598, 15, 2635, 13, 1309, 285, 846, 3645, 3660, 3719, 13, 359, 2736, 247, 2201, 5333, 347, 359, 5966, 253, 10643, 3770, 273, 24154, 13869, 15, 6408, 253, 2137, 13, 352, 369, 5667, 281, 4711, 2718, 8069, 387, 247, 1781, 2281, 28, 3103, 13, 253, 4473, 273, 9171, 1430, 285, 47813, 273, 8914, 2718, 369, 247, 2201, 2803, 6276, 2323, 327, 253, 34268, 15, 8802, 1430, 285, 253, 1673, 273, 1966, 2616, 369, 23179, 285, 9674, 12668, 2201, 2216, 15711, 323, 6264, 3580, 285, 2718, 15, 28396, 275, 253, 10333, 84, 4468, 689, 6938, 16274, 285, 734, 2211, 1430, 273, 4668, 2718, 13, 347, 973, 347, 253, 2440, 273, 253, 8573, 13, 3534, 6054, 281, 747, 985, 3607, 824, 347, 32435, 285, 734, 2211, 1430, 13, 534, 4035, 281, 320, 273, 2201, 1600, 3063, 15, 5220, 13, 1955, 281, 253, 29444, 1430, 285, 2281, 273, 11649, 275, 3063, 457, 84, 1533, 13, 253, 8327, 323, 15840, 275, 2718, 7788, 281, 2572, 15, 2596, 273, 253, 1943, 7881, 310, 281, 1287, 9241, 13, 3082, 13, 285, 5657, 323, 20462, 2718, 281, 320, 21547, 516, 67, 2107, 342, 841, 3607, 342, 247, 1268, 273, 8132, 263, 285, 3283, 1430, 326, 310, 42482, 33559, 342, 326, 273, 253, 625, 5899, 11369, 3607, 15, 733, 671, 2032, 326, 985, 3607, 326, 497, 2378, 1869, 281, 452, 644, 26616, 13, 824, 347, 5252, 13, 1364, 1024, 320, 27694, 959, 1955, 281, 253, 3629, 10621, 1584, 1451, 474, 10454, 273, 3063, 457, 84, 2718, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 513, 368, 1599, 407, 773, 2003, 1365, 4158, 13, 10571, 16323, 43820, 1359, 1057, 436, 4473, 4647, 281, 253, 15255, 7656, 32, 187, 187, 1231, 3798, 1158, 326, 19414, 285, 22507, 452, 2120, 1453, 689, 616, 1211, 47112, 285, 45414, 15, 831, 778, 320, 2032, 323, 4577, 4311, 24165, 751, 28654, 13, 281, 22854, 13, 285, 8458, 28, 2299, 13, 1781, 4311, 11369, 2718, 452, 5243, 46988, 273, 8007, 390, 14020, 15, 6061, 841, 1048, 673, 9894, 253, 6944, 35949, 273, 4212, 13, 20701, 13, 3569, 9719, 3993, 13, 285, 3626, 3126, 778, 1818, 275, 4088, 326, 497, 1620, 2783, 407, 253, 3236, 22507, 15, 3308, 13, 4243, 273, 253, 985, 778, 320, 6294, 1066, 390, 7321, 285, 747, 3603, 778, 320, 2879, 275, 673, 15, 2053, 6127, 28788, 625, 7534, 16483, 4870, 2581, 685, 956, 253, 3302, 2098, 10090, 562, 407, 247, 6303, 17039, 15, 496, 2426, 273, 253, 15255, 7656, 313, 39392, 457, 84, 1980, 18622, 985, 10, 309, 651, 751, 281, 3748, 253, 8869, 273, 253, 16309, 10243, 13, 271, 16694, 1685, 1386, 326, 4648, 6571, 9940, 24914, 285, 37285, 285, 11029, 253, 13952, 285, 9086, 25537, 1824, 6342, 3286, 275, 3684, 9693, 15, 831, 310, 48867, 4802, 281, 253, 8170, 1780, 18631, 11126, 5178, 11568, 15440, 2199, 326, 359, 2319, 275, 253, 1984, 15, 10348, 253, 3236, 22507, 273, 9693, 457, 84, 806, 5637, 6406, 1113, 275, 45272, 31161, 253, 16309, 10243, 32, 5595, 5604, 417, 15, 380, 985, 16323, 689, 673, 347, 747, 3603, 497, 2879, 281, 1805, 5752, 253, 9086, 25537, 2846, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 403, 253, 773, 257, 1752, 398, 273, 2323, 668, 347, 19414, 2953, 253, 11369, 2718, 7881, 326, 2454, 16457, 32, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 247, 1270, 1953, 15, 380, 806, 2181, 326, 3249, 281, 2564, 310, 48044, 15, 37349, 1364, 2489, 6600, 417, 760, 273, 253, 6034, 9099, 273, 616, 11809, 533, 671, 273, 253, 46504, 9099, 285, 253, 4067, 873, 273, 5621, 326, 588, 8591, 390, 15582, 253, 16253, 273, 747, 10296, 390, 773, 84, 17009, 668, 281, 17178, 3237, 15, 21525, 247, 3862, 18522, 14, 48746, 8668, 13, 1223, 24279, 390, 3676, 2980, 776, 4685, 273, 253, 7681, 285, 2675, 15018, 13, 310, 5667, 15, 380, 313, 250, 10, 4694, 272, 8668, 310, 247, 4217, 3302, 4983, 1127, 323, 26169, 253, 4680, 1475, 1781, 4311, 7881, 273, 776, 673, 15, 1707, 403, 6667, 273, 34574, 275, 3192, 436, 8668, 13, 824, 347, 253, 9261, 273, 21314, 432, 247, 11662, 273, 2136, 10679, 281, 247, 11716, 273, 8527, 2136, 5482, 285, 3238, 28, 253, 16694, 2746, 281, 13120, 275, 8238, 824, 347, 11579, 262, 33068, 13, 10869, 28, 285, 253, 4780, 6976, 556, 1160, 275, 14419, 697, 29967, 45199, 5300, 15, 187, 187, 23779, 7024, 327, 253, 15938, 1146, 7154, 1066, 326, 3063, 1978, 19414, 13, 2675, 10950, 13, 285, 4323, 10950, 432, 2285, 272, 2366, 275, 253, 954, 3576, 1039, 281, 2953, 253, 1533, 457, 84, 3237, 15, 2053, 15938, 2486, 253, 6255, 3210, 1110, 275, 2710, 32870, 4459, 342, 731, 4768, 616, 25829, 13, 253, 15772, 24238, 326, 2226, 275, 8371, 571, 285, 1014, 275, 253, 2136, 1533, 13, 285, 253, 3480, 273, 4685, 670, 752, 643, 32870, 1537, 3324, 281, 253, 2829, 313, 17873, 359, 3524, 776, 1984, 588, 1056, 387, 1878, 247, 1355, 7680, 281, 35827, 481, 187, 187, 11888, 20695, 347, 271, 1650, 13, 849, 556, 253, 2770, 273, 11369, 4730, 4391, 689, 673, 32, 187, 187, 38860, 556, 644, 285, 7788, 281, 320, 581, 273, 253, 7038, 275, 11369, 4730, 15, 2732, 253, 16253, 273, 253, 11369, 5859, 2746, 846, 3645, 3660, 3719, 313, 2252, 273, 253, 1943, 29709, 84, 497, 3977, 407, 10166, 26289, 1346, 13, 417, 407, 19414, 582, 11369, 369, 1275, 2423, 264, 327, 253, 6662, 932, 273, 23065, 13, 12057, 13, 18090, 13, 285, 253, 643, 6944, 3626, 23496, 15, 28396, 275, 253, 3563, 9178, 84, 285, 2393, 7901, 84, 13, 627, 369, 247, 22786, 326, 20695, 3058, 281, 671, 3587, 3486, 4491, 285, 2208, 3946, 13, 534, 3977, 281, 253, 8869, 273, 747, 5659, 326, 8527, 7794, 273, 11369, 342, 4323, 285, 13, 281, 247, 16277, 6070, 13, 342, 253, 2675, 23496, 15, 46997, 5659, 824, 347, 4155, 11405, 285, 11354, 313, 3871, 46, 582, 12151, 398, 323, 45214, 313, 45, 18278, 37011, 1024, 12151, 398, 323, 11841, 27037, 313, 45, 10993, 37011, 395, 253, 17388, 13869, 9333, 313, 1410, 37, 10, 497, 8877, 407, 253, 878, 323, 247, 747, 285, 16055, 2746, 281, 11369, 15, 8035, 1650, 310, 253, 5243, 34356, 14, 21085, 24642, 1929, 347, 3437, 6527, 313, 585, 13700, 14, 19417, 14, 303, 3018, 14, 2211, 366, 10, 275, 329, 16259, 1920, 982, 285, 22042, 27245, 982, 13, 347, 973, 347, 253, 3332, 17419, 17388, 37817, 313, 40, 3887, 10, 2086, 275, 253, 4726, 273, 17388, 15, 2596, 273, 253, 954, 2834, 3533, 310, 849, 281, 2085, 247, 3676, 12153, 275, 6662, 932, 1223, 671, 28248, 11369, 3484, 281, 253, 954, 1774, 12342, 313, 10328, 347, 2105, 1783, 13, 5700, 13, 2144, 5438, 13, 29622, 18988, 2844, 13, 10545, 5859, 10, 326, 2223, 25903, 11369, 3946, 275, 253, 1524, 1533, 15, 18770, 789, 4558, 281, 320, 2218, 13, 671, 387, 20695, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 9351, 273, 2544, 313, 338, 667, 10, 513, 368, 1158, 359, 878, 281, 1056, 275, 11369, 4730, 32, 187, 187, 1552, 778, 3590, 9329, 13, 533, 309, 1158, 253, 673, 556, 1705, 281, 26401, 294, 18959, 253, 878, 323, 5899, 20036, 15, 380, 42060, 875, 8651, 13, 8545, 13, 5793, 11369, 1157, 3966, 15, 403, 8127, 9493, 285, 247, 20229, 9236, 273, 253, 2469, 15, 5595, 273, 253, 2718, 285, 3580, 1146, 4158, 275, 253, 3127, 296, 5331, 452, 247, 2570, 5878, 273, 8651, 13, 8545, 13, 5793, 13, 7534, 13, 285, 643, 20239, 14, 29079, 3603, 285, 403, 4158, 323, 247, 1781, 5235, 273, 1966, 4212, 15, 3900, 19414, 4518, 1364, 1287, 3672, 273, 3676, 15040, 13, 352, 310, 417, 2590, 281, 441, 326, 436, 556, 281, 320, 2218, 1475, 253, 24842, 16323, 33360, 81, 28964, 15, 733, 310, 4722, 326, 5293, 273, 253, 747, 18403, 326, 20695, 310, 9073, 281, 755, 745, 253, 3216, 1128, 10328, 347, 12962, 27083, 6516, 275, 26957, 399, 8621, 74, 13, 322, 3329, 37, 275, 16861, 13, 285, 8229, 30663, 275, 16496, 1128, 9802, 20036, 15, 1583, 512, 452, 387, 616, 5161, 271, 8527, 4980, 24642, 326, 310, 18932, 327, 40652, 390, 1895, 3672, 326, 3711, 281, 1781, 4311, 18522, 14, 48746, 7881, 2581, 685, 281, 247, 873, 273, 4518, 30191, 456, 13200, 7424, 824, 347, 253, 8221, 1321, 14, 998, 7095, 40242, 313, 25397, 8062, 582, 28200, 434, 40242, 313, 21749, 5526, 17388, 582, 390, 253, 35175, 14, 43231, 2205, 5405, 313, 21166, 15977, 481, 187, 187, 19217, 2158, 4730, 1364, 1818, 347, 369, 671, 35144, 275, 253, 973, 14, 4304, 39424, 9169, 1304, 4439, 407, 253, 3313, 11417, 273, 17388, 15, 496, 253, 1984, 359, 9059, 326, 773, 19217, 2158, 4730, 13, 534, 1580, 697, 2393, 1897, 556, 11346, 247, 6793, 2892, 13, 3063, 556, 13207, 281, 3862, 257, 432, 13828, 3484, 323, 7681, 25829, 281, 3336, 839, 22335, 28462, 7038, 665, 588, 1408, 2570, 2718, 285, 32447, 285, 5100, 747, 23721, 451, 37735, 1425, 844, 2868, 326, 253, 11369, 2718, 12342, 359, 2319, 403, 271, 1774, 3213, 275, 326, 3884, 15, 187, 187, 24099, 1638, 13, 4050, 187, 187, 510, 2488, 273, 253, 10610, 22555, 1971, 273, 2389, 13806, 327, 253, 18974, 13, 689, 8007, 13, 273, 521, 7906, 327, 2389, 285, 643, 12989, 15, 187, 187, 34, 8113, 273, 10336, 326, 21427, 1727, 7350, 273, 830, 285, 1159, 285, 9010, 253, 10291, 875, 253, 6805, 434, 5730, 281, 2216, 247, 5389, 1533, 285, 10336, 434, 30048, 281, 2085, 247, 1805, 1659, 323, 5948, 15, 187, 187, 34, 1881, 14, 25598, 4242, 45436, 11521, 37562, 1242, 275, 2389, 342, 617, 29075, 382, 14, 10034, 4152, 434, 25459, 27, 247, 9766, 80, 323, 247, 747, 2238, 273, 48832, 285, 253, 1612, 273, 806, 14, 10816, 39016, 1589, 15, 187, 187, 34, 8113, 273, 10336, 326, 3797, 34486, 13, 10679, 13, 285, 4302, 285, 22642, 17815, 253, 2892, 273, 253, 1966, 3417, 15, 187, 187, 24099, 16331, 13, 4050, 187, 187, 34, 952, 273, 5510, 3398, 13, 18232, 5493, 24008, 556, 1925, 521, 952, 15, 3032, 19361, 773, 45, 2321, 3398, 1806, 806, 3863, 275, 39308, 275, 33287, 347, 773, 3220, 6491, 1806, 4566, 949, 247, 2962, 273, 9503, 2330, 342, 8118, 14, 34436, 313, 4093, 398, 13, 2926, 85, 20945, 13, 39576, 13, 533, 671, 11609, 4238, 3398, 13, 48972, 13, 285, 3343, 398, 582, 281, 7525, 326, 597, 403, 5510, 3398, 27, 773, 4374, 13, 5510, 3398, 2866, 77, 2321, 3398, 2866, 77, 2321, 3398, 1128, 1227, 418, 2995, 14, 78, 483, 742, 5510, 3398, 275, 253, 3564, 1227, 4683, 401, 366, 15, 773, 4374, 13, 5510, 3398, 2866, 77, 2321, 3398, 2866, 77, 2321, 3398, 668, 3249, 347, 247, 2380, 281, 247, 38342, 1953, 27, 773, 45, 2321, 3398, 7721, 773, 4374, 13, 5510, 3398, 34857, 310, 253, 1210, 6688, 3662, 13, 697, 45095, 247, 1159, 273, 253, 14969, 33740, 273, 271, 8118, 14, 7878, 17502, 275, 33287, 12930, 521, 952, 347, 5510, 3398, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 2389, 4266, 672, 309, 717, 17053, 668, 310, 671, 1503, 6464, 3532, 1079, 15908, 5493, 457, 84, 49317, 3908, 13, 271, 3177, 281, 1750, 14199, 342, 253, 1072, 952, 273, 5510, 3398, 15, 733, 310, 247, 2380, 281, 11197, 10049, 657, 5036, 1866, 13, 665, 574, 2668, 247, 2962, 273, 15928, 273, 617, 17053, 28, 533, 671, 281, 24008, 285, 521, 29672, 326, 703, 574, 1691, 327, 247, 773, 42256, 3644, 466, 668, 921, 285, 4546, 253, 20523, 15, 380, 6197, 651, 320, 253, 2670, 273, 15908, 5493, 457, 84, 761, 29974, 318, 407, 10333, 84, 48832, 13, 7552, 253, 4060, 273, 617, 13842, 4849, 3863, 407, 401, 27600, 382, 5687, 15, 733, 6882, 5060, 271, 773, 1595, 3396, 668, 326, 3982, 15908, 5493, 12720, 37290, 275, 253, 17437, 84, 285, 1501, 18256, 528, 23898, 15, 329, 1618, 273, 519, 720, 1644, 8631, 253, 773, 1595, 3396, 668, 1561, 1027 ]	—and state that engineering systems has made this list of “ilities” much longer. Why is that, and what would you consider to be the top four “ilities” of the engineering systems epoch? We analyzed the prevalence of these lifecycle properties in the engineering literature going back all the way to 1884. It became clear to us that the classical engineering “illities” such as quality, safety, and reliability were essential in making artifacts such as cars, power stations, trains, and telephones work reliably and predictably. Then, during and after World War II, we detect a major shift as we entered the Epoch of Complex Systems. During the war, it was essential to produce systems effectively at a large rate; therefore, the concept of scalability and usability of weapons systems was a major factor driving success on the battlefield. Usability and the field of human factors was invented and subsequently drove major design considerations for commercial products and systems. Starting in the 1970s concern over environmental impacts and interoperability of military systems, as well as the development of the internet, gave rise to new system properties such as sustainability and interoperability, which continue to be of major interest today. Also, due to the unpredictability and rate of uncertainty in today’s world, the desire for flexibility in systems continues to increase. One of the big challenges is to develop principles, methods, and tools for designing systems to be deliberately imbued with these properties with a level of rigor and predictability that is commensurate with that of the more traditional engineering properties. It also true that system properties that were once thought to have been masters, such as safety, must now be revisited due to the increasing sociotechnical complexity of today’s systems. What do you mean by “partially designed, partially evolved”? How does this concept apply to the MBTA? We usually think that engineers and designers have full control over their own inventions and creations. This may be true for smaller scale artifacts like watches, toasters, and cars; however, large scale engineering systems have lifetimes of decades or centuries. Over these long time periods the underlying demographics of users, economics, political imperatives, and natural environment may change in ways that were never considered by the original designers. Thus, parts of the system may be shut down or modified and new elements may be added in time. These patterns resemble more biological evolutionary processes rather than follow the initial plan laid out by a master designer. In terms of the MBTA (Boston’s local transit system) I would like to mention the creation of the Silver Line, an innovative bus line that uses mostly dedicated lanes and tunnels and serves the airport and rapidly evolving waterfront district in South Boston. This is intimately connected to the Central Artery (“Big Dig”) project that we discuss in the book. Did the original designers of Boston’s first electric street car in 1889 envision the Silver Line? Most certainly not. The system evolved over time as new elements were added to better serve the rapidly evolving city. What are the “enablers of success” as engineers address the engineering systems challenges that face humanity? This is a great question. The first thing that comes to mind is humility. Engineers must become aware not only of the intended consequences of their designs but also of the unintended consequences and the larger set of forces that will promote or inhibit the adoption of new technologies or “solutions” to pressing problems. Taking a broad socio-technical perspective, while preserving or deepening our understanding of the technical and social possibilities, is essential. The (re)visioning perspective is a useful initial starting point for organizing the thinking around large scale challenges of our time. There are examples of successes in taking this perspective, such as the transformation of IBM from a manufacturer of business machines to a provider of integrated business solutions and services; the innovative approach to transportation in cities such as Curitiba, Brazil; and the progress Australia has made in managing its scarce freshwater resources. Success depends on the barriers being broken down that today keep engineers, social scientists, and management scientists from teaming together in the most effective way to address the world’s problems. These barriers include the mental models those in various disciplines carry with them throughout their careers, the institutional obstacles that exist in academia and even in the business world, and the lack of understanding about what other disciplines might bring to the table (something we hope our book will make at least a small contribution to correcting). Using MIT as an example, how has the focus of engineering education changed over time? MIT has been and continues to be one of the leaders in engineering education. After the adoption of the engineering science approach after World War II (most of the big breakthroughs were led by trained physicists, not by engineers), engineering was refocused on the fundamentals of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and the other underlying natural sciences. Starting in the late 1980s and early 1990s, there was a realization that MIT needed to also directly impact industry and government practice, which led to the creation of new programs that integrated aspects of engineering with management and, to a lesser extent, with the social sciences. Degree programs such as System Design and Management (SDM), Leaders for Manufacturing (LFM)— now Leaders for Global Operations (LGO)—and the Engineering Systems Division (ESD) were driven by the need for a new and broader approach to engineering. Another example is the lifecycle-oriented curriculum known as CDIO (conceive-design-implement-operate) in Aeronautics and Astronautics, as well as the recent Gordon Engineering Leadership (GEL) program in the School of Engineering. One of the most difficult questions is how to provide a deep foundation in fundamentals while also exposing engineering students to the most important concepts (such as cost analysis, strategy, material selection, supplier sourcing, regulatory science) that often dominate engineering practice in the real world. Much work remains to be done, also at MIT. What kinds of changes (if any) do you think we need to make in engineering education? This may sound radical, but I think the time has come to fundamentally rethink the need for traditional departments. The distinctions between mechanical, electrical, chemical engineering , etc. are largely historical and a vestige of the past. Most of the systems and products being designed in the 21st century have a complex mix of mechanical, electrical, chemical, biological, and other cyber-physical elements and are designed for a large variety of human users. While engineers clearly must develop areas of deep expertise, it is not clear to us that this has to be done around the historically evolved stovepipes. It is interesting that none of the new universities that MIT is helping to get off the ground—such as Masdar Institute in Abu Dhabi, SUTD in Singapore, and SkTech in Moscow—have departments. They all have at their core an integrated modern curriculum that is centered on pillars or problem areas that map to large scale socio-technical challenges rather than to a set of clearly delineated governing equations such as the Navier-Stokes Equations (fluid dynamics), Maxwell's Equations (Electrical Engineering), or the Shannon-Hartley Law (Information Theory). Engineering education must change as was also articulated in the well-known Engineer 2020 report released by the National Academy of Engineering. In the book we argue that “Engineering education, which since its early days has enjoyed a rich history, today has begun to broaden from preparing students for technical careers to educating technically grounded leaders who will run complex systems and enterprises and establish new entrepreneurial startups.” We believe that the engineering systems concepts we discuss are an important step in that direction. February 14, 2012 The author of the classic philosophical treatment of love reflects on the trajectory, over decades, of his thoughts on love and other topics. A vision of architecture that transcends concerns of form and function and finds the connections between the architect's wish to design a beautiful world and architecture's imperative to provide a better place for society. A self-described failed filmmaker falls obsessively in love with her theorist-husband's colleague: a manifesto for a new kind of feminism and the power of first-person narration. A vision of architecture that includes sculpture, machines, and technology and encapsulates the history of the human species. February 08, 2012 A people of laughers, Langston Hughes has called his people. His poem “Laughers,” first published in Crisis in 1922 as “My People,” goes through a series of roles associated with African-Americans (singers, storytellers, dancers, but also dishwashers, cooks, and waiters), to conclude that they are laughers: “Yes, laughers…laughers…laughers— / Loud-mouthed laughers in the hands / Of Fate. “Yes, laughers…laughers…laughers” comes as a response to a doubtful question: “Laughers?” “Yes, laughers…” is the insistent answer, its insistence a function of the acknowledged irony of an African-American poet in 1922 describing his people as laughers. “I love myself when I am laughing” is also Zora Neale Hurston’s provocative statement, an attempt to claim membership with the same people of laughers. It is a response to Carl Van Vechten, who had taken a series of photographs of her laughing; but also to Hughes and his accusations that she had put on a “happy darkie” show and played the primitive. The sentence would be the site of Hurston’s recuperation by 1970s feminism, becoming the title of her 1979 collection published by Feminist Press. It condenses an “attitude” that brought Hurston intellectual annihilation in the 1930s and posthumous fame. A list of adjectives describes the “attitude” within different
[ 15234, 13, 16962, 5613, 9203, 33011, 33887, 4134, 8520, 36003, 7136, 4733, 1454, 103, 4992, 12116, 14858, 5676, 33221, 40399, 33211, 2989, 22206, 33221, 1454, 240, 6450, 5676, 2863, 4733, 40399, 2141, 4134, 4134, 8348, 4733, 33887, 36204, 10977, 9203, 17648, 41783, 24292, 19927, 9028, 24745, 18951, 21027, 26855, 21027, 5776, 12388, 33221, 24292, 5676, 14439, 38444, 1283, 40647, 5776, 6450, 10227, 15234, 15, 40399, 28832, 5676, 11910, 30656, 30175, 25628, 5898, 19927, 3952, 17648, 31008, 41451, 37384, 13803, 14858, 11630, 7072, 11910, 2141, 7539, 138, 232, 10977, 3147, 12388, 10139, 37849, 2599, 17946, 17648, 7072, 12388, 10139, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 6234, 313, 138, 228, 12507, 138, 228, 27, 1454, 103, 21, 138, 96, 3566, 2082, 138, 102, 138, 235, 17, 14, 138, 233, 23, 138, 104, 582, 24355, 16962, 16287, 18184, 13, 36684, 5613, 5117, 4134, 7490, 10977, 24745, 40647, 2866, 4654, 28649, 7136, 11112, 2989, 8348, 3868, 21227, 9650, 2863, 18806, 23977, 7490, 34299, 4733, 36796, 40146, 21394, 3393, 9650, 7136, 18951, 19927, 18806, 17686, 9737, 20933, 13913, 12116, 5117, 29704, 7136, 24073, 13, 4654, 16287, 3952, 24745, 19073, 46440, 2599, 5117, 4134, 7490, 10977, 24745, 40647, 818, 14, 25, 40647, 5776, 6450, 10227, 28434, 23977, 2141, 3952, 21227, 27435, 23766, 7072, 9203, 10977, 37833, 48185, 21, 15, 187, 187, 138, 243, 2141, 29354, 7072, 28649, 16411, 4733, 22880, 33887, 4134, 8520, 36003, 24745, 8520, 1454, 103, 4992, 12116, 14858, 5676, 33221, 13803, 14858, 5676, 5117, 5346, 9203, 3952, 41451, 38444, 24292, 9650, 35280, 8095, 2863, 29704, 8348, 19073, 32309, 3147, 30175, 22880, 4733, 7539, 2863, 3955, 4992, 3952, 12388, 27435, 4733, 6234, 18383, 5346, 7072, 8348, 10227, 28434, 32309, 11112, 2989, 3393, 20933, 8348, 7072, 28649, 14439, 3147, 23766, 14439, 20933, 11630, 32681, 13850, 30681, 12388, 26867, 13850, 17946, 3955, 17757, 2599, 9203, 15234, 1454, 99, 4992, 36030, 4134, 12388, 30793, 3147, 15234, 2989, 26867, 1454, 229, 40051, 6450, 38929, 1454, 239, 2141, 7072, 5676, 5776, 8348, 17946, 18806, 1454, 103, 4992, 12116, 14858, 5676, 33221, 40399, 33211, 2989, 22206, 33221, 37849, 2599, 9203, 5776, 2989, 8520, 1454, 96, 8348, 29704, 4992, 13, 5613, 7136, 3868, 2863, 30175, 17686, 20853, 9203, 17757, 24073, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 24036, 3868, 2863, 18806, 32681, 1454, 107, 29704, 15234, 20853, 3393, 3955, 8348, 2599, 15234, 22880, 33887, 4134, 8520, 36003, 24745, 8520, 15, 1454, 242, 28354, 139, 221, 3868, 33627, 18951, 21027, 4733, 33887, 4134, 8520, 36003, 7136, 4733, 22880, 4733, 13, 1454, 240, 6450, 5676, 2863, 4733, 40399, 2141, 4134, 4134, 8348, 4733, 13, 46422, 3868, 2599, 7136, 3868, 2863, 13, 8095, 42313, 16003, 16411, 33887, 36204, 38377, 16003, 11630, 41783, 25628, 1454, 107, 16287, 30303, 4992, 22880, 11112, 3393, 11630, 16411, 3952, 8520, 15, 1454, 230, 2989, 457, 37677, 7136, 1454, 107, 29704, 7490, 3868, 16411, 24355, 13803, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 17186, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 24073, 23977, 13913, 17946, 4733, 16962, 36003, 27580, 7490, 22206, 8348, 33887, 4134, 10139, 9650, 49626, 37384, 1454, 230, 138, 230, 138, 103, 138, 243, 15, 187, 187, 138, 239, 3393, 25628, 9028, 5117, 5346, 9203, 3952, 41451, 17186, 24073, 1454, 240, 15, 12507, 904, 24355, 13803, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 17186, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 5898, 19927, 5346, 2141, 10977, 3955, 6450, 3868, 49626, 45133, 40647, 1454, 230, 30681, 12388, 10139, 13803, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 17186, 18806, 5613, 3393, 5776, 12388, 8348, 33887, 4134, 10139, 9650, 49626, 37384, 1454, 230, 138, 230, 138, 99, 138, 99, 15, 187, 187, 138, 232, 10977, 3147, 12388, 10139, 1454, 242, 3955, 8348, 10227, 2141, 43666, 14733, 11630, 38444, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 4134, 14733, 3868, 14439, 3868, 40301, 313, 138, 232, 138, 242, 138, 237, 138, 237, 2262, 1454, 234, 29830, 138, 242, 138, 237, 138, 237, 13, 13850, 3147, 7490, 3868, 43242, 209, 33011, 19179, 28060, 19371, 10589, 313, 36, 6366, 10, 9529, 2599, 7136, 9650, 2863, 24292, 9650, 11910, 13, 9737, 6450, 16411, 7539, 48614, 33627, 4654, 7136, 19927, 4733, 6234, 9737, 6450, 16411, 40647, 47909, 3393, 36003, 40051, 18184, 23766, 1454, 107, 29704, 28434, 16962, 3955, 8348, 10227, 28434, 9028, 14733, 11630, 38444, 1454, 107, 29704, 15234, 23977, 7490, 3952, 26867, 24073, 29830, 15, 138, 232, 15, 1454, 108, 16, 5676, 10298, 40647, 47909, 3393, 36003, 40051, 18184, 23766, 17686, 3147, 29830, 5117, 38093, 42044, 139, 221, 5676, 7136, 1454, 242, 36003, 27580, 29346, 3955, 7136, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 313, 1400, 12988, 582, 19073, 35691, 17946, 5676, 33211, 8520, 10977, 24745, 18806, 19073, 36684, 21227, 18951, 2599, 7490, 4134, 6450, 25651, 11910, 5613, 5117, 9650, 7136, 3147, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 3393, 4134, 2989, 10977, 9203, 33629, 4733, 32309, 11112, 9203, 9650, 3393, 30656, 24355, 23977, 13913, 17946, 4654, 39242, 15, 187, 187, 138, 228, 49798, 12388, 10139, 8095, 28832, 38377, 17186, 24073, 9028, 5117, 5346, 9203, 3952, 41451, 38444, 22880, 37849, 138, 100, 138, 96, 138, 236, 138, 233, 138, 228, 1454, 108, 14439, 3147, 17686, 3147, 209, 28832, 25326, 37677, 7136, 19073, 5898, 19927, 5776, 8348, 5346, 11910, 24355, 29830, 138, 100, 138, 243, 13, 24355, 16962, 16287, 18184, 8361, 8348, 33629, 15902, 7136, 3955, 8520, 46440, 16411, 5776, 24745, 17686, 9028, 9203, 3147, 2599, 14733, 36684, 21227, 18951, 2599, 13913, 4134, 2989, 38444, 32681, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 3393, 4134, 2989, 10977, 9203, 41783, 15234, 40647, 45002, 2989, 22206, 27435, 4733, 9529, 2599, 7136, 9650, 37833, 15, 1454, 234, 5613, 3393, 36030, 5117, 14439, 18184, 46422, 3868, 2599, 7136, 3868, 2863, 24292, 38377, 41783, 209, 33011, 28354, 139, 222, 27718, 38377, 17186, 30175, 13810, 11112, 4992, 3955, 2989, 8520, 36003, 18184, 22880, 15902, 9203, 8520, 330, 6366, 25628, 8095, 28832, 3868, 38929, 30303, 4992, 5571, 5898, 2599, 7136, 3955, 15234, 9737, 2989, 10227, 12388, 26867, 9529, 2599, 37833, 1454, 234, 16, 138, 100, 18806, 9737, 43242, 3868, 36204, 28354, 139, 222, 16287, 25326, 7072, 29346, 3955, 7136, 2456, 9737, 48614, 2599, 15, 9737, 5117, 49100, 15, 1454, 99, 2141, 5898, 2989, 43242, 17757, 14439, 37677, 8348, 49456, 46440, 10227, 9203, 9650, 49626, 45133, 24355, 28354, 4992, 7072, 27435, 18951, 41451, 9028, 5117, 5346, 9203, 3952, 41451, 17186, 9028, 2989, 24292, 2599, 44586, 24355, 8095, 36204, 9737, 11630, 5676, 33211, 4992, 18806, 28354, 12116, 27580, 33221, 35278, 12116, 2141, 17186, 1454, 108, 14439, 3147, 24355, 36684, 8348, 38377, 17186, 22880, 24292, 36003, 8520, 24073, 29830, 138, 242, 138, 237, 138, 237, 42191, 1454, 230, 138, 232, 138, 232, 138, 235, 138, 228, 18806, 26855, 7072, 45133, 5676, 21394, 31008, 19927, 37384, 13803, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 17186, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 8348, 3955, 5117, 19927, 4733, 313, 138, 230, 138, 232, 138, 232, 138, 235, 138, 228, 16, 12507, 2989, 138, 237, 5117, 5346, 481, 1454, 104, 3868, 2599, 7136, 3868, 2863, 24355, 13850, 3147, 7490, 3868, 43242, 13803, 2989, 138, 237, 5117, 5346, 22880, 1454, 230, 138, 232, 138, 232, 138, 235, 138, 228, 13, 32309, 23871, 11910, 2599, 8520, 36003, 24745, 35278, 17686, 6157, 13, 37134, 9028, 5117, 34299, 33011, 28354, 3868, 2141, 19927, 16003, 5776, 29346, 31008, 41451, 47607, 40146, 21394, 12116, 14733, 11630, 44206, 17186, 32681, 26855, 3868, 17648, 3955, 8348, 2599, 15234, 32309, 9529, 9650, 3393, 2599, 6450, 25651, 28649, 30656, 23766, 25628, 1454, 107, 3955, 5117, 19927, 24073, 23977, 13913, 17946, 4733, 15, 43666, 10298, 24036, 4134, 33011, 49929, 17186, 17757, 26097, 35280, 16962, 2989, 9737, 2989, 10227, 12388, 2863, 6450, 13, 16962, 209, 28832, 25326, 4733, 24073, 26855, 7072, 45133, 5676, 21394, 31008, 41451, 4733, 11112, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 38444, 38833, 37134, 40146, 21394, 2863, 21394, 3868, 31008, 21027, 4733, 13, 24036, 14439, 3147, 30175, 35691, 29354, 10227, 11910, 7072, 17757, 16962, 2989, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 3393, 4134, 2989, 10977, 9203, 33629, 4733, 38833, 13850, 6450, 21027, 3147, 30656, 40647, 5898, 3955, 2989, 7072, 13913, 4733, 45002, 2989, 22206, 27435, 4733, 9529, 2599, 7136, 9650, 37833, 15, 187, 187, 138, 239, 14858, 9529, 7490, 3868, 43242, 9737, 12116, 2141, 3952, 40237, 7072, 10139, 24073, 16962, 10227, 4992, 7072, 40301, 313, 138, 232, 15, 138, 232, 2698, 4022, 16, 883, 2385, 35278, 25628, 8095, 36030, 5117, 29354, 24073, 23977, 13913, 17946, 4733, 9529, 6450, 7072, 8520, 17946, 49456, 38833, 5898, 4134, 9203, 2599, 37097, 44687, 48002, 5613, 3393, 36030, 5117, 14439, 6450, 28434, 49929, 10977, 9203, 33629, 4733, 1454, 99, 27435, 3952, 5676, 15234, 23977, 8348, 45133, 3952, 40647, 9737, 29704, 4992, 3147, 12388, 34500, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 41451, 22206, 34500, 1454, 119, 3868, 16003, 41783, 5776, 6450, 10227, 28434, 15, 1454, 104, 3868, 2599, 7136, 3868, 2863, 38833, 4654, 16287, 14733, 11630, 41783, 19073, 23766, 2599, 21394, 8348, 33629, 36796, 46440, 16411, 5776, 9203, 3868, 17757, 33627, 22880, 4733, 18806, 8095, 2989, 10977, 27580, 13913, 4733, 19073, 26855, 3955, 5346, 8348, 5776, 11910, 47607, 5898, 19927, 7072, 3147, 13913, 21394, 3868, 10139, 22880, 4733, 15, 187, 187, 138, 228, 19927, 12116, 3393, 28832, 18951, 21027, 4733, 42191, 20853, 9203, 17757, 32681, 8095, 28832, 3868, 12116, 2141, 2599, 15234, 49929, 10977, 9203, 41783, 15234, 9529, 21227, 4733, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 41451, 22206, 34500, 1454, 119, 3868, 16003, 41783, 5776, 6450, 10227, 28434, 13, 16962, 1454, 230, 138, 230, 138, 99, 138, 99, 48185, 3147, 2599, 26867, 4992, 4733, 1454, 99, 25651, 7490, 3952, 2599, 25651, 2141, 5676, 8348, 5676, 4992, 4733, 9529, 4992, 18951, 6450, 7490, 41783, 40557, 36684, 21227, 18951, 2599, 7490, 4134, 6450, 3868, 17648, 5676, 27580, 48911, 3868, 2141, 40647, 337, 13, 22, 209, 13913, 17946, 15, 29830, 4134, 2989, 4134, 5776, 9203, 28649, 13, 23977, 2141, 17946, 5676, 43242, 21394, 41783, 48002, 33887, 16287, 10227, 2863, 31008, 4733, 32309, 11112, 9203, 9650, 49626, 5676, 27580, 25628, 29495, 6450, 38377, 17186, 7539, 3955, 4992, 9028, 34299, 44586, 3955, 4992, 4733, 9529, 4992, 17757, 3868, 40301, 30175, 13810, 23977, 13913, 17946, 26147, 47851, 13913, 13, 5613, 9203, 25326, 4733, 13, 29495, 9203, 5676, 21394, 3147, 3393, 17686, 13850, 3393, 7072, 28649, 7136, 4733, 40557, 18383, 3147, 9203, 19927, 4733, 42191, 3147, 11112, 4992, 3955, 7136, 3868, 36204, 17686, 31008, 2141, 49456, 13850, 3147, 13913, 21394, 25651, 3393, 36796, 1454, 107, 16003, 17757, 32309, 23977, 11910, 34299, 25651, 28649, 14439, 3147, 36796, 26855, 3868, 43242, 17757, 14439, 32681, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 41451, 22206, 26867, 1454, 119, 3868, 16003, 41783, 5776, 6450, 10227, 15234, 313, 10394, 30015, 481, 36016, 401, 15, 19, 69, 848, 187, 10311, 8875, 27, 25164, 6817, 7804, 2164, 9, 68, 10, 3054, 326, 25577, 273, 27085, 46491, 310, 557, 34281, 2149, 3707, 323, 14631, 501, 40052, 13, 31658, 13, 390, 253, 1569, 273, 253, 1083, 285, 4419, 2579, 273, 10125, 273, 11106, 27085, 46491, 273, 253, 25164, 6817, 15, 28895, 6481, 443, 5214, 55, 27823, 13, 6043, 14, 16667, 13, 87, 15, 20655, 22268, 42, 27597, 13, 8167, 14, 28107, 15, 187, 2302, 15, 11614, 14, 746, 746, 15, 187, 11586, 2077, 2111, 273, 9892, 13, 25164, 6817, 15, 187, 27303, 15, 884, 13, 12140, 15, 187, 187, 8639, 611, 47791, 1703, 58, 13, 353, 5757, 1042, 285, 20466, 6435, 52, 13, 6817, 19592, 15, 187, 187, 24066, 187, 187, 18, 187, 1552, 4549, 556, 644, 6289, 281, 436, 5370, 273, 253, 2111, 10376, 281, 7804, 898, 9, 66, 582, 16228, 273, 253, 25164, 6817, 15, 535, 187, 19, 187, 16667, 20652, 327, 4397, 2164, 13, 12140, 13, 432, 253, 2457, 3883, 390, 1340, 15, 50275, 2302, 2457, 390, 4549, 494, 1340, 556, 644, 5966, 15, 50275, 6869, 412, 398, 708, 12829, 22374, 362, 15, 38494, 333, 13, 39949, 530, 15, 52, 15, 41368, 313, 19791, 558, 50275, 6869, 864, 362, 15, 27873, 5660, 24148, 36907, 11294, 13, 33624, 530, 15, 52, 15, 39522, 313, 40853, 558, 50275, 23475, 3642, 362, 15, 1986, 2077, 13, 32479, 530, 15, 52, 15, 26780, 313, 36354, 481, 535, 187, 20, 187, 1147, 310, 40169, 326, 253, 4549, 320, 11511, 323, 3480, 273, 7571, 15, 50275, 16295, 898, 9, 69, 2769, 18, 582, 16228, 273, 253, 25164, 6817, 15, 535, 688, 5342, 8333, 2190, 26690, 275, 1986, 2077, 1786, 1557, 7533, 15, 187, 3351, 30976, 897, 273, 726, 45324, 13 ]	ων, ο τέως υπουργός Ψηφιακής Πολιτικής Νίκος Παππάς υιοθέτησε ένα κείμενο συνολικής έκτασης 18 σελίδων. Πρόκειται για την αναρτημένη στη Διαύγεια «Εθνική Στρατηγική Κυβερνοασφάλειας» (ΑΔΑ: Ψ4Ρ7465ΧΘ0-Ζ6Ω), η οποία, αν τυπωθεί σε… μονό διάστιχο και χωρίς τα περιεχόμενα και το εξώφυλλό της, μπορεί να αποτυπωθεί σε 7-8 σελίδες χαρτιού μεγέθους Α4. Παράγοντες του υπουργείου Ψηφιακής Διακυβέρνησης έχουν πολλά να πουν για τους «ομηρικούς» καβγάδες που διεξάγονταν μεταξύ των γενικών γραμματέων Τηλεπικοινωνιών Βασίλη Μαγκλάρα και Ψηφιακής Πολιτικής Στέλιου Ράλλη, τόσο για το θέμα της κυβερνοασφάλειας όσο και των άλλων θεμάτων του υπουργείου. Ο προϊστάμενος υπουργός τους, Νίκος Παππάς, ωστόσο, πάντοτε υιοθετούσε την άποψη του δεύτερου. Γι’ αυτό άλλωστε η Διεύθυνση Κυβερνοασφάλειας της χώρας οργανωτικά υπήχθη στη ΓΓΨΠ. Με την κυβέρνηση της Ν.Δ., η Διεύθυνση Κυβερνοασφάλειας αναβαθμίσθηκε σε Γενική Διεύθυνση και τελικά υπήχθη στη ΓΓΤΤ. Εθνική Ομάδα Κρούσης Κυβερνοπροστασίας (ΕΟΚΚ): Η ΕΟΚΚ, γνωστή ως Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) στόχο έχει, είτε «κατά μόνας» είτε σε συνεργασία με άλλες ομάδες κρούσης άλλων χωρών της Ε.Ε. ή/και σε συνεργασία με τον Ευρωπαϊκό Οργανισμό Κυβερνοασφάλειας (ENISA), να παρακολουθεί και να αντιμετωπίζει τυχόν κυβερνοεπιθέσεις που δέχεται η χώρα μας. Αρχική πρόθεση της κυβέρνησης του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ ήταν τον ρόλο αυτό να αναλάβει η ΕΥΠ, η οποία βάσει νόμου αποτελεί το κέντρο αντιμετώπισης των κυβερνοεπιθέσεων σε πολιτικούς στόχους. Η τελευταία ωστόσο έθεσε ως προϋπόθεση για τη δημιουργία του νέου CERT την πρόσληψη 70 ατόμων ειδικών στους Η/Υ και ετήσιο προϋπολογισμό 50 εκατ. ευρώ. Τα αιτήματα αυτά δεν αποδέχθηκε η προηγούμενη κυβέρνηση κι έτσι η πιο εύκολη και προφανής απόφαση ήταν η ανάθεση του έργου της ΕΟΚΚ στο ΓΕΕΘΑ και συγκεκριμένα στη Διεύθυνση Κυβερνοάμυνας (ΓΕΕΘΑ/ΔιΚυβ). Ωστόσο η γνωστή ΔιΚυβ του ΓΕΕΘΑ, που λειτουργεί από το 2004, είναι κυρίως προσανατολισμένη στην περιφρούρηση των συστημάτων που σχετίζονται με την άμυνα της χώρας. Και όπως επισημαίνουν οι ειδικοί, ο ρόλος της συγκεκριμένης διεύθυνσης θα είναι περιορισμένος, όταν για παράδειγμα οι κυβερνοεπιθέσεις θα γίνονται σε αμιγώς πολιτικούς στόχους. Μια σωστή εφαρμογή της οδηγίας (Ε.Ε.) 2016/1148 από την πλευρά της χώρας σίγουρα δεν θα απέτρεπε τις τελευταίες επιθέσεις Τούρκων χάκερ σε ελληνικές κυβερνητικές ιστοσελίδες. Ωστόσο θα μπορούσε να μετριάσει τα αποτελέσματά τους και πιθανώς να συμβάλει στην αναγνώρισή τους. Αναφερόμενος στο θέμα των πρόσφατων επιθέσεων στις κυβερνητικές ιστοσελίδες, ο ΓΓΤΤ Αντώνης Τζωρτζακάκης σημείωσε ότι αντιμετωπίστηκαν μέσα σε 1,5 ώρα. Επιπλέον, χαρακτήρισε τις υποδομές που δέχθηκαν την επίθεση «μη κρίσιμης σημασίας για τη χώρα», ενώ, τέλος, επέκρινε το γεγονός ότι κανένας στον δημόσιο τομέα δεν γνώριζε τα άτομα που χειρίζονταν τα συστήματα των κυβερνητικών ιστοσελίδων (system administrators).810 F.2d 201 NOTICE: Sixth Circuit Rule 24(c) states that citation of unpublished dispositions is disfavored except for establishing res judicata, estoppel, or the law of the case and requires service of copies of cited unpublished dispositions of the Sixth Circuit.Darwin GRAVITT, Plaintiff-Appellant,v.Frank WILLIAMS, Defendant-Appellee. No. 86-1919. United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit. Nov. 10, 1986. Before KENNEDY, MARTIN and BOGGS, Circuit Judges. ORDER 1 This appeal has been referred to this panel of the Court pursuant to Rule 9(a), Rules of the Sixth Circuit. 2 Appellant appealed on September 24, 1986, from the final judgment or order. No final or appealable order has been entered. Coopers & Lybrand v. Livesay, 437 U.S. 463 (1978); Cohen v. Beneficial Industrial Loan Corporation, 337 U.S. 541 (1949); Catlin v. United States, 324 U.S. 229 (1945). 3 It is ORDERED that the appeal be dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. Rule 9(d)(1), Rules of the Sixth Circuit. Injection practices among clinicians in United States health care settings. Improper use of syringes,
[ 5024, 875, 253, 12716, 327, 534, 253, 10973, 2324, 3119, 370, 51, 5, 310, 4080, 15, 12571, 281, 253, 11689, 273, 16133, 3724, 13, 4561, 407, 1027, 12716, 13, 370, 51, 5, 9774, 684, 347, 247, 1159, 273, 253, 4764, 370, 82, 45, 1366, 835, 370, 82, 1035, 3151, 13, 35, 1009, 310, 253, 444, 4548, 5149, 14, 11000, 285, 370, 45, 5, 310, 253, 734, 14, 22045, 4181, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 1570, 496, 2266, 5212, 4910, 370, 82, 1035, 3151, 13, 35, 1009, 310, 14495, 281, 669, 3151, 378, 16, 79, 64, 84, 1366, 835, 370, 79, 578, 84, 724, 310, 253, 6488, 4038, 1008, 15271, 17131, 2055, 8934, 28, 1214, 46, 20323, 647, 729, 3071, 67, 1570, 831, 5644, 281, 253, 370, 35, 2911, 38847, 22957, 342, 253, 2180, 669, 3442, 378, 61, 24213, 295, 578, 84, 27081, 3151, 418, 1352, 831, 28055, 8131, 10096, 369, 5783, 407, 253, 4679, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 1570, 16133, 3724, 452, 247, 1199, 4577, 31731, 13, 347, 2429, 281, 253, 10713, 10973, 11690, 790, 22372, 15271, 17131, 2055, 8934, 28, 1214, 46, 20323, 647, 729, 3071, 67, 62, 285, 13, 275, 4499, 281, 253, 353, 3027, 48, 14, 59, 6453, 1055, 13, 253, 444, 4548, 14, 4919, 22957, 513, 417, 2430, 1698, 9208, 285, 3530, 342, 253, 1077, 1029, 6488, 16239, 27, 597, 497, 2540, 387, 1878, 598, 281, 370, 53, 61, 13960, 5096, 5, 611, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 1570, 2053, 444, 4548, 3607, 1056, 253, 2783, 11562, 3340, 12532, 323, 253, 8869, 273, 36232, 23225, 4294, 14, 19579, 25421, 285, 17606, 2521, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4294, 285, 4038, 10096, 273, 253, 28088, 2180, 669, 3442, 378, 61, 24213, 295, 578, 84, 27081, 3151, 20795, 21657, 2540, 275, 253, 806, 9380, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 1092, 369, 5783, 275, 247, 1996, 9311, 407, 14963, 1162, 355, 15, 1008, 49518, 2922, 1570, 1723, 13, 275, 4499, 281, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 1092, 597, 1119, 326, 669, 3442, 378, 5, 1057, 417, 3469, 327, 253, 4181, 370, 45, 5, 875, 253, 12716, 15, 831, 20620, 4558, 49374, 594, 2080, 28, 2686, 13, 352, 16540, 253, 1953, 534, 2978, 943, 320, 7192, 762, 370, 45, 5, 275, 253, 5469, 11562, 15, 17766, 326, 1097, 275, 41966, 15, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 62, 285, 7567, 15, 1008, 49518, 2922, 62, 370, 45, 5, 369, 8025, 281, 320, 4503, 281, 253, 4181, 370, 45, 578, 357, 724, 875, 253, 2792, 370, 66, 5, 285, 370, 67, 5, 275, 5317, 905, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 67, 582, 891, 15, 70, 15, 253, 2792, 835, 253, 3057, 5644, 313, 12710, 562, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 10, 5181, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 5048, 15, 187, 187, 37982, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 6573, 3909, 10, 313, 66, 10, 329, 873, 14, 484, 273, 253, 2813, 28, 253, 1655, 14221, 432, 253, 3057, 337, 281, 253, 3057, 374, 13, 253, 6718, 310, 4080, 875, 253, 12716, 495, 285, 577, 28, 247, 5212, 1673, 370, 35, 5, 310, 20277, 281, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 6415, 15, 313, 67, 10, 43777, 273, 253, 18719, 3057, 25297, 313, 700, 2147, 3672, 582, 3057, 5644, 313, 609, 284, 378, 10, 285, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 313, 12879, 329, 558, 253, 2806, 9118, 3284, 13130, 347, 2802, 72, 457, 310, 253, 9729, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 15, 313, 68, 10, 380, 14854, 5052, 370, 51, 578, 18, 13, 19, 28, 20, 13, 21, 889, 8275, 416, 5, 387, 253, 23225, 4294, 370, 71, 30, 16198, 5, 30588, 13, 3276, 370, 53, 30, 577, 15, 19, 5, 611, 13, 253, 7394, 6718, 370, 55, 578, 72, 39779, 18, 15, 1867, 5, 657, 285, 1027, 2193, 273, 253, 23225, 1612, 4038, 5774, 1470, 18, 66, 15, 2265, 346, 926, 18031, 3429, 568, 17, 15, 2537, 61, 33237, 986, 13976, 1447, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 6573, 3909, 10, 313, 66, 10, 329, 873, 14, 484, 273, 253, 2813, 28, 253, 1655, 14221, 432, 253, 3057, 337, 281, 253, 3057, 374, 13, 253, 6718, 310, 4080, 875, 253, 12716, 495, 285, 577, 28, 247, 5212, 1673, 370, 35, 5, 310, 20277, 281, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 6415, 15, 313, 67, 10, 43777, 273, 253, 18719, 3057, 25297, 313, 700, 2147, 3672, 582, 3057, 5644, 313, 609, 284, 378, 10, 285, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 313, 12879, 329, 558, 253, 2806, 9118, 3284, 13130, 347, 2802, 72, 457, 310, 253, 9729, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 15, 313, 68, 10, 380, 14854, 5052, 370, 51, 578, 18, 13, 19, 28, 20, 13, 21, 889, 8275, 416, 5, 387, 253, 23225, 4294, 370, 71, 30, 16198, 5, 30588, 13, 3276, 370, 53, 30, 577, 15, 19, 5, 611, 13, 253, 7394, 6718, 370, 55, 578, 72, 39779, 18, 15, 1867, 5, 657, 285, 1027, 2193, 273, 253, 23225, 1612, 4038, 5774, 1470, 18, 67, 15, 2265, 346, 926, 18031, 3429, 568, 17, 15, 1867, 61, 33237, 3, 889, 187, 37982, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 6573, 3909, 10, 313, 66, 10, 329, 873, 14, 484, 273, 253, 2813, 28, 253, 1655, 14221, 432, 253, 3057, 337, 281, 253, 3057, 374, 13, 253, 6718, 310, 4080, 875, 253, 12716, 495, 285, 577, 28, 247, 5212, 1673, 370, 35, 5, 310, 20277, 281, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 6415, 15, 313, 67, 10, 43777, 273, 253, 18719, 3057, 25297, 313, 700, 2147, 3672, 582, 3057, 5644, 313, 609, 284, 378, 10, 285, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 313, 12879, 329, 558, 253, 2806, 9118, 3284, 13130, 347, 2802, 72, 457, 310, 253, 9729, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 15, 313, 68, 10, 380, 14854, 5052, 370, 51, 578, 18, 13, 19, 28, 20, 13, 21, 889, 8275, 416, 5, 387, 253, 23225, 4294, 370, 71, 30, 16198, 5, 30588, 13, 3276, 370, 53, 30, 577, 15, 19, 5, 611, 13, 253, 7394, 6718, 370, 55, 578, 72, 39779, 18, 15, 1867, 5, 657, 285, 1027, 2193, 273, 253, 23225, 1612, 4038, 5774, 1470, 18, 68, 15, 2265, 346, 926, 18031, 3429, 568, 17, 15, 26, 61, 33237, 986, 187, 187, 688, 436, 2929, 359, 7409, 253, 444, 4548, 14, 4919, 10973, 2324, 3119, 22957, 275, 12146, 1909, 16, 2422, 20750, 1909, 6318, 14, 4714, 5289, 15, 3824, 789, 19986, 432, 253, 2045, 16516, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 62, 275, 1264, 5667, 7794, 15, 3973, 13, 253, 4181, 370, 45, 578, 357, 724, 275, 776, 3530, 11443, 13960, 3925, 5, 669, 1906, 5, 78, 10, 310, 2761, 767, 7367, 273, 9777, 12217, 685, 275, 41966, 15, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 1570, 1310, 253, 28088, 2180, 369, 14495, 281, 370, 18, 16, 45, 578, 357, 3303, 359, 651, 10018, 625, 685, 3578, 2069, 4067, 2180, 669, 3442, 378, 5, 685, 275, 41966, 15, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 1570, 1292, 275, 776, 3368, 669, 3442, 378, 61, 13960, 470, 15, 18, 14, 17, 15, 19, 5, 308, 13, 534, 310, 2810, 281, 253, 28088, 9894, 275, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 1570, 6347, 13, 359, 452, 2684, 247, 625, 10182, 13, 11745, 5301, 273, 776, 5661, 941, 342, 253, 3762, 1008, 15271, 17131, 2055, 8934, 62, 285, 10375, 253, 1318, 273, 370, 45, 5, 432, 253, 5661, 941, 15, 733, 7819, 562, 281, 320, 273, 337, 5823, 4311, 534, 310, 1199, 4067, 685, 370, 45, 578, 357, 724, 533, 310, 273, 1340, 273, 253, 4181, 875, 253, 18719, 3057, 25297, 4080, 2112, 253, 5024, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 15, 12245, 13, 776, 3530, 497, 6107, 407, 247, 6906, 18719, 7394, 9046, 247, 18138, 2400, 14, 15353, 6318, 1127, 3057, 313, 50, 5077, 10, 1008, 45, 11799, 1010, 1570, 17746, 13, 275, 7567, 15, 1008, 45, 11799, 1010, 1092, 359, 452, 2011, 313, 255, 370, 35, 30, 17, 7884, 326, 253, 6696, 8965, 342, 253, 18138, 2400, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 7568, 247, 767, 14, 13524, 7367, 273, 9777, 2169, 7340, 281, 253, 23225, 21057, 685, 253, 5289, 342, 247, 5899, 8085, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 15, 496, 253, 1246, 789, 4816, 35, 61, 9540, 470, 1366, 18138, 2400, 14, 15353, 10, 359, 452, 1119, 247, 1199, 2169, 28088, 10896, 273, 253, 370, 35, 2911, 38847, 22957, 11443, 3442, 416, 16, 51, 393, 13960, 818, 7884, 685, 275, 253, 440, 27189, 5289, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 62, 390, 275, 5289, 342, 247, 8085, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 1008, 47424, 6002, 73, 5914, 1762, 62, 11443, 3442, 416, 16, 51, 654, 337, 14553, 3824, 1543, 1421, 281, 247, 1805, 4685, 273, 253, 12057, 273, 253, 444, 4548, 14, 4919, 10973, 2324, 3119, 22957, 285, 29238, 253, 1039, 281, 253, 8869, 273, 625, 5919, 4294, 7996, 25421, 273, 23225, 285, 246, 3525, 379, 21239, 7742, 15, 187, 187, 6067, 13751, 403, 6891, 4816, 1047, 5, 9153, 10, 6318, 21443, 342, 253, 6488, 4038, 370, 79, 578, 84, 94, 393, 13960, 884, 768, 805, 724, 7892, 13668, 19, 724, 285, 253, 16239, 273, 669, 1906, 61, 13960, 337, 15, 20, 61, 3181, 884, 768, 23, 724, 7892, 15667, 19, 724, 16, 55, 256, 387, 370, 21, 15, 19, 14, 18, 15, 21, 5, 611, 15, 844, 2557, 253, 5052, 327, 247, 6041, 6696, 2534, 40749, 2605, 13, 534, 310, 4158, 323, 4471, 14, 14104, 6341, 15, 380, 3410, 8414, 273, 1264, 370, 938, 5, 669, 1906, 5, 78, 4618, 12640, 13288, 273, 1027, 2978, 4816, 1549, 1366, 370, 938, 1366, 370, 1549, 5, 669, 1906, 5, 78, 582, 285, 4314, 6718, 19432, 13, 923, 5317, 905, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 66, 481, 4855, 3290, 5531, 6185, 12716, 281, 247, 374, 2573, 40, 403, 1160, 970, 18940, 7559, 24534, 5148, 1320, 3560, 407, 271, 35375, 15, 5761, 6906, 18719, 18488, 313, 7807, 2400, 7394, 1165, 30632, 10, 403, 653, 42648, 327, 253, 4275, 4243, 273, 253, 1669, 285, 987, 13288, 273, 253, 6696, 2534, 15, 380, 4766, 8223, 369, 908, 281, 2557, 253, 5052, 273, 253, 440, 17523, 264, 374, 37, 6488, 3678, 15, 7874, 4095, 497, 5421, 285, 253, 2074, 1543, 497, 2797, 15, 380, 6341, 497, 4824, 562, 275, 247, 657, 15293, 3501, 30469, 342, 247, 34986, 281, 7257, 30267, 21057, 313, 783, 4294, 2491, 9199, 281, 18672, 30588, 13, 253, 1612, 4038, 669, 3549, 337, 14, 740, 5, 278, 56, 16, 3591, 18333, 19, 7884, 1066, 281, 253, 3410, 285, 407, 970, 247, 6041, 5569, 14, 249, 5853, 281, 2557, 253, 14854, 5052, 370, 51, 30, 51, 578, 18, 13, 19, 28, 20, 13, 21, 3363, 187, 187, 2841, 905, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 68, 10, 2722, 253, 10973, 2324, 3119, 273, 253, 1165, 5077, 387, 253, 3276, 370, 53, 30, 21, 15, 19, 5, 611, 13, 253, 4294, 370, 71, 30, 16198, 5, 30588, 285, 2067, 2193, 273, 253, 23225, 1612, 30320, 2803, 15, 380, 23225, 21057, 5644, 281, 253, 2266, 14523, 273, 253, 5052, 387, 5058, 5212, 1673, 1008, 45, 11799, 1010, 1570, 2058, 370, 35, 61, 41908, 470, 15, 24, 5, 308, 313, 5528, 2541, 84, 281, 669, 3151, 64, 68, 61, 41908, 393, 3151, 7884, 253, 5052, 12957, 253, 1781, 370, 35, 2911, 38847, 10973, 2324, 3119, 22957, 15, 5317, 905, 926, 15, 19, 696, 18303, 253, 10973, 2324, 3119, 387, 1027, 313, 20188, 10, 7394, 32730, 11962, 432, 253, 1527, 14, 22045, 9459, 4816, 51, 578, 17, 889, 20089, 288, 16, 70, 768, 19, 889, 13960, 2030, 15, 25, 5, 465, 1202, 4153, 7884, 281, 253, 2810, 14, 22045, 9459, 4816, 51, 578, 17, 889, 1266, 288, 16, 70, 768, 19, 724, 558, 1060, 370, 51, 578, 17, 724, 310, 253, 1165, 5077, 5052, 387, 370, 35, 30, 17, 1352, 380, 28088, 4294, 2722, 642, 1818 ]	edge between the contacts on which the magnetoresistance $R$ is measured. Due to the interference of EMPs, generated by different contacts, $R$ oscillates as a function of the parameter $qL$, where $q(\omega,B)$ is the EMP wave-vector and $L$ is the inter-contact distance [@Kukushkin04a]. In strong magnetic fields $q(\omega,B)$ is proportional to $\omega B/n_s$, where $n_{s}$ is the electron density [@Volkov88Eng; @Mikhailov06b]. This leads to the $B$-periodic oscillations with the period $\Delta B\propto n_{s}/\omega L$. This theoretically predicted dependence was confirmed by the experiments [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a]. EMPs have a much smaller damping, as compared to the bulk magnetoplasmons,[@Volkov88Eng; @Mikhailov06b] and, in contrast to the MIRO-ZRS effect, the EMP-related oscillations do not require low temperatures and samples with the very high electron mobility: they were observed at least up to $T\simeq 80$ K [@Kukushkin05a]. These EMP properties make the considered phenomenon especially promising for the creation of miniature microwave frequency-sensitive detectors and spectrometers. The frequency and density dependence of the oscillation period $\Delta B\propto n_{s}/\omega $, experimentally observed in the first papers [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a], was confirmed in a later publication by Stone et al. [@Stone07]. However, in contrast to [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a], they found that $\Delta B$ does not depend on the distance $L$ between the contacts. This contradiction remains unexplained so far; actually, it raises the question which length should be understood under $L$ in the discussed phenomenon. Notice that both in Refs. [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a] and Ref. [@Stone07] $L$ was assumed to be equal to the distance $L_{ab}$ between the points $a$ and $b$ in Figure \[fig.1\](b), i.e. the points where the contact leads (made out of the 2DEG) touch the 2DEG channel. ![\[fig.1\](Color online) (a) A set-up of the device; the current flows from the contact 1 to the contact 2, the voltage is measured between the contacts 3 and 4; a magnetic field $B$ is perpendicular to the 2DEG plane. (b) Geometry of the metallic contact pads (hatched areas), contact leads (areas B) and of the 2DEG (area A); the black vertical element labeled as ‘g’ is the bridge-gate QPC. (c) The longitudinal resistance $R_{1,2;3,4}\equiv R$ at the microwave frequency $f=156$ GHz, temperature $T= 4.2$ K, the gate voltage $V_{g}=-1.39$ V and different values of the microwave power density.](Fig1a.eps "fig:"){width="0.49\columnwidth"} ![\[fig.1\](Color online) (a) A set-up of the device; the current flows from the contact 1 to the contact 2, the voltage is measured between the contacts 3 and 4; a magnetic field $B$ is perpendicular to the 2DEG plane. (b) Geometry of the metallic contact pads (hatched areas), contact leads (areas B) and of the 2DEG (area A); the black vertical element labeled as ‘g’ is the bridge-gate QPC. (c) The longitudinal resistance $R_{1,2;3,4}\equiv R$ at the microwave frequency $f=156$ GHz, temperature $T= 4.2$ K, the gate voltage $V_{g}=-1.39$ V and different values of the microwave power density.](Fig1b.eps "fig:"){width="0.39\columnwidth"}\ ![\[fig.1\](Color online) (a) A set-up of the device; the current flows from the contact 1 to the contact 2, the voltage is measured between the contacts 3 and 4; a magnetic field $B$ is perpendicular to the 2DEG plane. (b) Geometry of the metallic contact pads (hatched areas), contact leads (areas B) and of the 2DEG (area A); the black vertical element labeled as ‘g’ is the bridge-gate QPC. (c) The longitudinal resistance $R_{1,2;3,4}\equiv R$ at the microwave frequency $f=156$ GHz, temperature $T= 4.2$ K, the gate voltage $V_{g}=-1.39$ V and different values of the microwave power density.](Fig1c.eps "fig:"){width="0.9\columnwidth"} In this paper we investigate the EMP-related magnetoresistance oscillations in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum-well structures. Our work differs from the previous publications [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07] in three essential aspects. First, the distance $L_{ab}$ in our samples ($\simeq 60$ $\mu$m) is almost two orders of magnitude shorter than in Refs. [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07]. If the oscillation period was proportional to $1/L_{ab}$, we would observe more than ten times larger period $\Delta B$ than in Refs. [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07]. But in our experiment $\Delta B\simeq 0.1-0.2$ T, which is close to the oscillation periods in [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07]. Second, we have performed a more careful, quantitative comparison of our experimental data with the theory [@Volkov88Eng] and extracted the value of $L$ from the experimental data. It turns out to be of 1 mm scale which is much larger than $L_{ab}$ but is of order of the distance between the metallic contact pads measured along the edge of the 2DEG. Third, our samples were covered by a thin metallic gate forming a bridged-gate quantum point contact (QPC) [@Levin15]. Recently, in Ref. [@Levin15], we have shown (at $B=0$) that the Hall bars with the bridged-gate QPC demonstrate a two-three orders of magnitude higher sensitivity to the microwave irradiation than the structures with a traditional split-gate QPC. In the present work ($B\neq 0$, bridged-gate) we have found a much higher oscillation amplitude of the $B$-periodic oscillations ($\Delta R/R \simeq 7$) than in the ungated structures [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07] or in structures with a split-gate QPC [@Dorozhkin05] ($\Delta R/R < 1$). Our results lead to a better understanding of the physics of the EMP-related magnetoresistance oscillations and pave the way to the creation of more efficient frequency sensitive detectors of microwave and terahertz radiation. Our specimens are narrow ($14$ nm) quantum wells with the electron density $n_{s} \simeq 10^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$ and the mobility of $\mu\simeq 1.3\times 10^{6}$ cm$^{2}$/V s at $4.2-1.4$ K. We measure the resistance on a conventional Hall bar patterned structure, which is designed for multi-terminal measurements. The sample consists of three $20$ $\mu$m wide consecutive segments of different length ($60$, $20$, $60$ $\mu$m), and eight voltage probes, see Figure \[fig.1\](a). High quality Ohmic contacts to a 2DEG are made using AuGeNi metalization followed by an annealing. Two thin metallic gates (bridged gate QPCs) are sputtered on the central parts of the left and right segments of the Hall bar. The middle segment was used to measure the resistance of the unpatterned 2D electron gas. Four devices were studied and the similar results were obtained. The measurements were carried out in a VTI cryostat with a waveguide to deliver MW irradiation (the frequency range 110 to 170 GHz, the power density $\sim 1-10$ mW/cm$^2$) down to the sample and by using a conventional lock-in technique to measure the longitudinal resistance $R=R_{1,2;3,4}$. Figure \[fig.1\](c) shows the magnetoresistance of the QPC at the temperature $T=4.2$ K, the frequency $f=156$ GHz and several values of the microwave power attenuation factor. The microwave irradiation leads to the strong suppression of the resistance at zero magnetic field [@Levin15]. At $B\gtrsim 0.7$ T (corresponds to $\omega_c\gtrsim \omega$) the resistance reveals the large $B$-periodic magnetoresistance oscillations. Figure \[fig.2\] illustrates the magnetoresistance at different (fixed) gate voltages varying from the open-contact regime ($R_{0}\lesssim h/e^{2}\simeq 25.8$ k$\Omega$) to the close-contact regime ($R_{0}\gg h/e^{2}$); here $R_{0}$ is the QPC resistance at $B=0$. The oscillation frequency shows no change
[ 452, 7320, 247, 2372, 1512, 1199, 436, 673, 28, 309, 1089, 309, 717, 5015, 949, 619, 629, 285, 439, 2835, 949, 619, 13628, 15, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 3435, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 42, 9403, 1053, 626, 3630, 275, 253, 4131, 533, 253, 1388, 3053, 342, 824, 247, 480, 7391, 309, 1928, 25042, 15, 11056, 310, 20718, 6258, 15, 309, 2389, 436, 13319, 7194, 984, 352, 434, 253, 24746, 13319, 281, 7619, 9113, 323, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 452, 281, 513, 2712, 15, 309, 3365, 22175, 619, 2469, 90, 3168, 1711, 10692, 9246, 407, 9398, 2159, 32353, 13, 285, 840, 823, 247, 5181, 273, 2502, 342, 619, 2502, 32850, 27394, 285, 247, 924, 301, 1541, 273, 4797, 342, 619, 1943, 945, 280, 583, 3904, 15, 733, 434, 1270, 2, 309, 476, 816, 2965, 562, 273, 3722, 285, 320, 4704, 281, 14172, 342, 253, 8937, 44117, 443, 1796, 91, 398, 15, 1310, 309, 1790, 327, 247, 8253, 285, 8386, 619, 9246, 3809, 2217, 597, 1833, 1158, 352, 434, 247, 7908, 15, 187, 187, 6300, 574, 619, 8574, 285, 11726, 1190, 1351, 285, 309, 5485, 253, 2929, 285, 752, 513, 309, 923, 32, 1707, 13, 327, 253, 2914, 3239, 13, 310, 247, 5406, 273, 253, 18422, 964, 964, 964, 275, 521, 795, 433, 64, 27170, 15, 1244, 327, 20718, 6258, 2, 1244, 368, 4282, 2139, 952, 403, 6108, 253, 6412, 15, 16868, 43639, 434, 581, 2181, 13, 533, 627, 434, 642, 16267, 323, 3076, 8142, 15, 380, 637, 30885, 2716, 253, 807, 9398, 3168, 562, 273, 2952, 285, 840, 13, 327, 253, 795, 7053, 1388, 64, 344, 434, 4136, 281, 8251, 3168, 13, 795, 11425, 64, 8251, 3168, 13, 344, 434, 275, 247, 12689, 1059, 31079, 342, 11038, 21526, 285, 12031, 13906, 15, 309, 1871, 1333, 13, 346, 2512, 310, 642, 2656, 937, 533, 309, 2868, 627, 310, 15, 309, 816, 2868, 344, 2057, 2506, 626, 452, 667, 8142, 3282, 390, 344, 556, 521, 23971, 35598, 598, 13, 285, 344, 434, 49294, 625, 6110, 275, 13868, 2151, 685, 275, 20301, 323, 253, 2952, 15, 187, 187, 42, 2389, 253, 747, 18422, 13, 7980, 15, 309, 369, 627, 672, 597, 497, 26086, 779, 15, 309, 369, 11926, 984, 253, 637, 310, 417, 271, 2448, 285, 309, 369, 16060, 690, 26984, 350, 26892, 651, 1478, 323, 253, 1416, 7889, 316, 4742, 15, 309, 943, 2624, 253, 18422, 247, 1652, 37358, 28, 344, 434, 747, 387, 12278, 272, 13, 285, 342, 253, 1711, 18422, 14203, 1475, 253, 33411, 2819, 689, 521, 9215, 13, 15496, 253, 28226, 13, 5046, 344, 434, 1512, 11219, 281, 2075, 4116, 281, 2508, 15, 329, 2257, 273, 952, 1053, 626, 8968, 849, 1892, 352, 310, 281, 320, 247, 18422, 15, 733, 434, 417, 512, 816, 1175, 2069, 285, 9398, 31848, 14445, 285, 34475, 281, 642, 581, 275, 1798, 15, 1893, 309, 1160, 247, 1618, 273, 2442, 13860, 267, 19408, 27, 535, 50276, 18, 15, 9240, 3802, 11599, 33054, 2847, 37566, 1255, 15, 187, 50276, 19, 15, 1707, 403, 642, 21371, 275, 253, 20229, 942, 15, 7900, 1057, 344, 1978, 521, 46317, 2352, 32, 1621, 581, 3198, 247, 42020, 1648, 342, 30099, 5006, 327, 521, 6345, 15, 187, 50276, 20, 15, 754, 1900, 2789, 253, 861, 273, 253, 2831, 342, 521, 987, 4430, 13, 534, 2097, 253, 1669, 581, 556, 642, 6616, 10541, 285, 352, 816, 8696, 627, 2509, 2717, 13, 751, 37073, 23555, 434, 42797, 327, 617, 12142, 2360, 15, 187, 50276, 21, 15, 754, 434, 11485, 3981, 346, 67, 1417, 368, 3, 281, 952, 15, 1737, 1057, 344, 1333, 672, 11853, 16037, 70, 13505, 32, 346, 35, 1417, 368, 13, 11736, 368, 16296, 754, 476, 626, 1333, 13, 346, 27035, 2828, 13, 368, 1694, 256, 1439, 327, 619, 256, 41839, 350, 1476, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 3349, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 6300, 1694, 896, 432, 2509, 247, 5649, 323, 530, 15, 52, 15, 2137, 22129, 285, 309, 1353, 20802, 15, 7243, 247, 807, 309, 1611, 281, 9845, 776, 16545, 29353, 13, 533, 29708, 309, 1928, 253, 2208, 310, 2157, 839, 253, 3904, 247, 2372, 15, 309, 871, 512, 670, 30921, 1689, 2784, 15, 733, 434, 751, 23091, 33240, 7824, 949, 253, 2659, 27304, 15, 11739, 13, 987, 15, 309, 3260, 617, 15, 380, 760, 673, 326, 23331, 1669, 611, 13843, 1299, 21632, 369, 281, 29246, 617, 8365, 5006, 29261, 275, 253, 896, 273, 616, 8458, 15, 1310, 703, 369, 1663, 7824, 949, 27304, 13, 849, 1705, 703, 1620, 1694, 24684, 598, 32, 733, 434, 417, 751, 703, 369, 594, 10182, 28, 703, 14782, 25296, 15, 33240, 369, 1620, 275, 35342, 285, 4962, 347, 271, 689, 11523, 264, 13, 2854, 14, 1911, 1070, 28806, 943, 1128, 615, 1154, 314, 13, 275, 247, 16583, 275, 7785, 15, 187, 187, 42, 5262, 14327, 14, 12071, 2909, 387, 253, 8937, 29668, 4670, 8, 9067, 2820, 281, 5513, 795, 33468, 17239, 434, 44346, 23752, 64, 281, 247, 12190, 273, 439, 22560, 1711, 1821, 665, 11089, 432, 1501, 14, 45134, 4073, 8984, 15, 1876, 273, 731, 5262, 253, 2862, 921, 17197, 762, 616, 9530, 348, 3514, 984, 619, 4318, 17328, 731, 273, 253, 12066, 14829, 19660, 1808, 6929, 775, 9283, 15, 187, 187, 6075, 8140, 13, 309, 7777, 2868, 20718, 6258, 310, 1774, 15, 733, 25264, 479, 273, 849, 1270, 3968, 310, 13, 285, 326, 352, 434, 973, 4409, 8133, 643, 952, 434, 4852, 327, 253, 1386, 281, 4017, 285, 2342, 352, 15, 1310, 352, 10345, 626, 323, 3968, 13, 6691, 27441, 651, 452, 281, 16583, 281, 4047, 281, 1089, 1388, 5299, 8871, 9279, 390, 13970, 3987, 21867, 2510, 390, 3981, 346, 1394, 8416, 865, 281, 6383, 275, 15114, 665, 3176, 281, 320, 275, 642, 1039, 2218, 342, 616, 16961, 15, 313, 2347, 2223, 309, 971, 281, 1333, 281, 841, 6068, 13, 346, 8116, 598, 13, 7924, 13, 309, 1353, 417, 1014, 41927, 2568, 25107, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 3285, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 42, 858, 1633, 309, 1849, 1620, 2218, 1078, 984, 273, 20718, 6258, 8849, 15, 309, 8686, 247, 34489, 285, 3817, 7203, 2716, 745, 15, 309, 2389, 13319, 6224, 984, 2717, 25264, 479, 273, 752, 20718, 6258, 7777, 9572, 323, 751, 247, 34489, 7289, 15, 309, 1904, 626, 1663, 878, 247, 34489, 13, 533, 253, 5107, 281, 755, 247, 5322, 19422, 275, 369, 1512, 1175, 281, 1509, 598, 15, 309, 10090, 987, 1066, 275, 253, 4657, 285, 298, 49277, 4266, 281, 4600, 342, 7906, 273, 849, 253, 564, 24560, 37274, 285, 3998, 47690, 776, 8290, 15, 15222, 13, 849, 812, 309, 2985, 253, 4839, 281, 755, 247, 1943, 14, 42186, 5382, 387, 2456, 2558, 745, 795, 395, 64, 3553, 3882, 3530, 327, 247, 4657, 2120, 273, 26714, 16443, 323, 26636, 281, 4533, 1475, 275, 32, 2596, 625, 2181, 309, 476, 2831, 745, 619, 22205, 1618, 15, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 1884, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 39, 47989, 715, 15878, 18088, 11608, 281, 513, 247, 921, 285, 776, 6415, 369, 767, 3038, 3563, 984, 690, 4688, 601, 1128, 249, 8690, 13, 2564, 368, 1128, 14641, 13395, 432, 271, 346, 343, 12846, 43534, 449, 2071, 303, 4789, 25128, 689, 285, 17571, 672, 253, 8630, 33482, 2183, 779, 597, 1871, 1408, 562, 273, 37105, 15, 1244, 984, 273, 436, 359, 574, 281, 1056, 271, 8945, 15165, 275, 17367, 13, 534, 1663, 39309, 479, 745, 984, 627, 434, 642, 1175, 12701, 627, 285, 309, 1053, 626, 11636, 15, 380, 2236, 264, 982, 2210, 22995, 285, 3597, 281, 47122, 775, 3938, 90, 16955, 15, 13529, 4307, 15, 754, 369, 8577, 4797, 285, 25567, 285, 2686, 4983, 281, 755, 326, 2028, 85, 1079, 346, 42, 1353, 3846, 285, 368, 1472, 417, 26883, 937, 1919, 309, 5125, 8133, 247, 40777, 292, 762, 521, 11480, 15, 831, 1900, 2987, 1077, 973, 275, 619, 2021, 15, 831, 310, 247, 1077, 1175, 2926, 27, 308, 7300, 12447, 12832, 574, 253, 48306, 15460, 275, 617, 718, 672, 703, 36280, 253, 10832, 4584, 434, 9132, 2910, 25749, 15, 1500, 2206, 598, 285, 6940, 323, 1529, 6818, 1107, 13, 465, 460, 24643, 15, 380, 1072, 4592, 342, 775, 538, 2399, 285, 359, 497, 3517, 896, 327, 776, 1039, 15, 187, 187, 42, 2389, 15878, 18088, 13, 512, 253, 1289, 5432, 13, 253, 37845, 454, 13, 253, 1270, 2722, 13, 533, 309, 1871, 14454, 849, 11339, 921, 23660, 84, 403, 15, 1244, 309, 24156, 281, 2656, 597, 1849, 12759, 1014, 331, 484, 1334, 15, 496, 253, 1711, 1897, 597, 497, 594, 21413, 368, 1871, 48733, 731, 407, 7004, 13, 346, 28782, 2, 2101, 437, 353, 14633, 24291, 449, 1244, 597, 4571, 626, 15, 3954, 597, 476, 626, 1014, 15368, 795, 48, 4414, 6813, 6433, 403, 1335, 512, 689, 253, 1659, 285, 309, 1353, 9995, 15, 309, 452, 1900, 7636, 4231, 6433, 15, 2752, 806, 2628, 846, 6831, 369, 2444, 347, 271, 13372, 323, 611, 14776, 378, 2310, 15, 754, 369, 625, 685, 247, 4231, 6876, 15, 416, 15502, 556, 352, 326, 275, 5427, 344, 574, 644, 247, 19859, 41286, 10364, 15, 309, 2868, 436, 984, 521, 36454, 10480, 369, 281, 3785, 247, 7856, 562, 273, 247, 17876, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 1014, 253, 8342, 4231, 6433, 6403, 626, 752, 597, 908, 281, 320, 15, 1583, 908, 281, 513, 247, 4564, 273, 3120, 24866, 13, 23104, 247, 26531, 390, 3047, 247, 1436, 275, 2716, 15, 313, 27656, 5292, 399, 1240, 961, 4581, 326, 38882, 8151, 13, 1904, 626, 344, 14677, 3954, 23448, 616, 24866, 403, 594, 5699, 13, 1142, 273, 731, 1053, 626, 1014, 4944, 715, 921, 12384, 15, 5119, 2434, 3803, 3423, 4824, 327, 285, 1694, 5699, 41958, 984, 344, 1160, 253, 6515, 489, 273, 23583, 346, 3431, 6243, 274, 449, 7967, 49826, 8, 2968, 1128, 48598, 20136, 2058, 893, 1160, 253, 37745, 24819, 398, 15529, 285, 417, 760, 858, 344, 417, 8463, 352, 323, 41958, 13, 344, 1904, 626, 1014, 452, 247, 260, 2259, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4936, 69, 1911, 447, 273, 10721, 273, 2282, 497, 15983, 29976, 2200, 285, 14655, 15, 309, 6337, 715, 15983, 29976, 2200, 3063, 15, 24697, 309, 1904, 626, 1408, 715, 779, 13, 309, 1195, 1882, 689, 779, 15, 754, 369, 7063, 327, 247, 33204, 278, 24886, 281, 2994, 253, 3000, 281, 346, 3848, 307, 10629, 1373, 20150, 1876, 265, 449, 18901, 1580, 616, 769, 9377, 598, 672, 14655, 1694, 6429, 8263, 407, 247, 39121, 13, 15983, 29976, 2200, 556, 644, 247, 12195, 273, 521, 3438, 21653, 1881, 15, 309, 369, 3551, 562, 273, 247, 10301, 275, 253, 8614, 13, 1907, 22186, 253, 17319, 22165, 19608, 25749, 1128, 3964, 327, 4688, 10238, 1128, 395, 627, 369, 15983, 29976, 2200, 13, 33118, 247, 6293, 39517, 34203, 285, 479, 23581, 47680, 2920, 15, 754, 3053, 17800, 285, 16115, 346, 3996, 293, 664, 739, 937, 594, 309, 19347, 779, 247, 4564, 273, 33096, 13, 285, 309, 7428, 1977, 15, 1244, 347, 309, 1669, 309, 3735, 779, 1333, 13, 346, 25438, 8918, 22418, 22418, 8452, 717, 309, 13, 35463, 33718, 32, 3166, 368, 871, 665, 309, 717, 32, 844, 497, 253, 806, 15, 844, 497, 253, 806, 281, 1056, 44536, 1790, 28, 359, 497, 253, 806, 281, 1056, 246, 304, 398, 2353, 15, 844, 497, 253, 806, 281, 452, 1115, 2825, 327, 13311, 1128, 395, 417, 816, 342, 1016, 643, 13, 533, 342, 776, 7583, 8762, 458, 19739, 13, 330, 38574, 15, 1244, 368, 1918, 479, 2620, 8918, 865, 754, 369, 9106, 987, 15, 309, 3543, 594, 8106, 309, 2427, 896, 285, 8231, 1529, 269, 2373, 275, 521, 7856, 285, 753, 13, 346, 37517, 1633, 5322, 323, 330, 38574, 285, 253, 5753, 449, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 4562, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 25302, 281, 4680, 27, 752, 2238, 273, 247, 12835, 28006, 369, 14655, 281, 755, 6429, 8263, 253, 1039, 344, 858, 32, 4952, 247, 4709, 1417, 28054, 751, 14655, 943, 452, 1929, 344, 369, 2819, 323, 7596, 15, 1422, 19444, 253, 22133, 273, 247, 5699, 39121, 285, 1339, 779, 1408, 1959, 285, 840, 769, 512, 24329, 90, 672, 344, 14177, 281, 6008, 368, 32, 380, 6429, 16292, 369, 14655, 434, 1211, 9331, 15, 313, 18, 10, 754, 285, 15983, 29976, 2200, 943, 452, 10208, 253, 39121, 1078, 253, 921, 15, 313, 19, 10, 754, 285, 15983, 29976, 2200, 943, 417, 452, 16332, 30006, 2160, 968, 15, 313, 20, 10, 754, 285, 15983 ]	have pulled a bit too much this time; I find I am talking through my part and shitting through my ears. MAY 27 Dear Diary: I normally don't write in the morning but the day started with such a jolt I feel compelled. Today is Memorial Day. I love this holiday mainly because it's the easiest holiday to dress correctly for. I don't have to do anything. I simply emphasize my pasty white old lady legs by wearing short shorts, and then add a touch of red with my red spider veins and a smidgen of blue with my big varicose numbers. It's great! I can just fall out of bed and be ready to march with the Old Veteran Geezers. If I sit on a float and kick my legs fast enough they'll think it's a flag. Just had my coffee and Restylane and I opened the paper and what do I see? There, on the front page, is a picture of the Pope . . . in his _red_ outfit. And on Memorial Day! And you wonder why people are leaving the Church. Pedophilia's one thing, but there's no excuse for bad fashion. The man spends half the year wearing white out of season and then, on the _first day_ he's allowed to wear white, _should_ wear white, he's in a scarlet gown with matching tam and slippers. I'd say, "There is no God," but I believe there is. I just believe he either doesn't have any fashion sense or he has his priorities fucked up, and he's mistakenly more interested in saving children than in dressing for the season. I love the new Pope, Francis. I was there when they were naming him. I was worried because the man is not an American and I was scared some jokester cardinal would opt for the name Sandusky. I should cut the Pope a little slack; he's new at Poping, and with the old Pope hanging around the Vatican looking over his shoulder, counting the jewelry, maybe he's too nervous to pay attention to detail. A lot of people don't realize how hard it is to be a Pope. It's not all just good times and wearing fabulous rings and waving to no one in particular. So I made a list of potential papal troubles: 1. Those snappy hats cause baldness. 2. There are no pockets in the vestments. Where does he keep his Altoids? No one needs a pontiff with altar boy on his breath. 3. He always makes the sign of the cross with his right arm, which means the left one has no muscle tone and it just lies there doing nothing, like Katie Holmes's vagina on her wedding night. 4. He's constantly saying "bless you" to people. What does he say when somebody sneezes? "Bless you, bless you"? He can't say, "Jesus Christ, you got snot on my scepter!" MAY 28 Dear Diary: Just got back from doing a benefit for U.S. war veterans and I'm exhausted. Once a year I try to entertain our wounded warriors, but frankly I feel the government is inflating the numbers a bit. I know all about Photoshopping. It's like Princess Diana walking through the land mines. Yeah, right. I knew her. The only time that bitch left Kensington Palace was to bang her Arab boyfriends in the back of their cars. If she was really walking through mines, how come she never got blown up? It's not like she was so careful; she wore heels. Diana was never in peril and died as an oversexed, drug-addled princess should—decently, in a tunnel in Paris. I spent forty-five minutes at the Old Soldiers' Home trying to explain _RuPaul's Drag Race_ to a bunch of shaky old men who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder. All of them spent the entire show hiding under their wheelchairs because my voice reminded them of the Vietcong Tabernacle Choir. Seriously, I truly believe Memorial Day is important. It reminds me of how great America is, and that it's well worth putting other people's lives on the line to protect and defend it. If it weren't for America, Mexicans would have to tunnel to Japan to find day labor picking fruit or trimming hedges or saying "You finish?" to customers in restaurants who appear to be in no way done with their meals. (How often I want to say to these guys, "Back up, Jose, I'm not even chewing yet.") MAY 29 Dear Diary: I did something I've never done before because of Memorial Day weekend. I bought a mattress and box spring half off. I love holiday sales because nothing reminds me of what Memorial Day truly stands for like a mattress sale. I didn't really need a mattress, but the opportunity to get a nice nap in was too good to pass up. I laid right down in the store and lulled myself to sleep with thoughts of how the gooks tortured and brainwashed our boys. Besides, how could I miss the chance to get a big-ticket item at 50 percent off _and_ leave DNA samples on a store full of mattresses for strangers to roll around in? One more thing I can cross off my bucket list. MAY 30 Dear Diary: Flew into Las Vegas tonight to do a show and our plane was two hours late because some fatso—in coach, mind you—collapsed from an "irregular heartbeat." Blimpy doubled over and seized when the flight attendant told him they'd run out of sandwiches. And because of this we had to make an emergency landing in Ontario, which really pissed me off because there's no good shopping there and I don't bowl. The paramedics came aboard and tried to revive Chunky Charlie. Nothing worked. He was turning blue and swelling and actually starting to get that telltale "I'm dead and you're not odor," until I suggested putting a brisket under his nose. This always works very well in my family. This is a very good story: Tanta Rose literally had the formaldehyde needle in her ass when she smelled the undertaker's meatball sandwich. She sat up and lived for another twenty years, kinehora. The same happened with Chubbo and we were soon back on our way. I love Las Vegas, all the glitz, the glamour, the great shows, but I'd forgotten how stupid showgirls are. And I swear to God they've gotten even stupider. In the old days they were so dumb you'd stump them by asking, "Quick! Spell MGM backwards." And they couldn't. Now they can't even spell _O_. Magicians are still all over the place and I'm glad. I have always loved magicians. My first job after college was working as an assistant for Kuda Bux. He was more than a magician. Rumor has it that in India he had been a gynecologist. I believe this because his finale trick was to pull a hat out of a rabbit. But even the plain magicians aren't what they used to be. They used to do a couple of card tricks, bend a spoon or saw a person in half. (Jeffrey Dahmer closed that theatrical feat, didn't he?) Nowadays their tricks are so huge, many of them don't even fit into showrooms. David Copperfield carried on and got huge applause because he made the Statue of Liberty "disappear." Big fuckin' deal—Mohammad Atta made the Twin Towers disappear and not only did he not milk it for applause, he didn't even have a cape. The granddaddies of magic of course were Siegfried and Roy. I ran into Siegfried today. Actually I didn't run into him, I tripped over him. He was sitting on a curb mumbling to himself the words to "Deutschland über Alles." Ever since their act broke up when Roy got mauled by a tiger, Siegfried has been a shadow of his former magical self. I was coming out of a restaurant in the hotel, having eaten the delicious Wayne Newton sandwich—ham on fat bread—and there was Siegfried, cracking a threadbare whip and meowing mournfully. He started crying and singing "Edelweiss," so I slipped him a couple of bucks, and I walked away. And as I left I heard him say, "Five dollars?!?! Who am I, Lance Burton? Do you know who I am? We were the first. We were the first to make lions sit; we were the first to make tigers beg. We were the first to have anal sex onstage—and not just with each other, but with our favorite snow leopard, Cindy. And you give me five dollars?" He was totally right. I felt so guilty I went back and dropped another fiver in his hat and said, "Buy something nice for Cindy and the kids." MAY 31 Dear Diary: Got to thinking: what kind of a fucking idiot was Roy to get mauled the way he did? Even a fearless immigrant like Roy should have known he was looking for trouble. You unlock the cage of a huge tiger and let him run free and then act all pissy when he tries to eat you? The mauling was Roy's own fault. (1) He and Siegfried should have fed the tiger before the show. (2) He and Siegfried should not have worn shiny sequins. (3) He and Sie
[ 42833, 1537, 3959, 10177, 6055, 3066, 48509, 12262, 285, 625, 2175, 275, 436, 3884, 943, 320, 2684, 281, 1071, 436, 6387, 15, 187, 187, 26143, 253, 806, 1263, 9610, 436, 1543, 285, 10620, 342, 247, 4942, 1355, 3410, 1979, 13, 3081, 2074, 2175, 403, 3058, 275, 1340, 281, 6583, 776, 4342, 15, 15222, 13, 253, 1655, 1263, 2216, 310, 7943, 407, 247, 22766, 2363, 2491, 13, 285, 247, 4067, 3410, 1979, 651, 23514, 323, 697, 2538, 15, 496, 1340, 281, 6283, 2939, 48509, 8062, 275, 28611, 13, 247, 14854, 2746, 1563, 253, 1072, 4292, 689, 247, 16707, 673, 2180, 13, 812, 320, 7091, 15, 733, 310, 273, 2201, 6349, 281, 1379, 247, 625, 275, 14, 16719, 1007, 387, 253, 6297, 3212, 253, 48509, 2978, 3910, 13, 285, 1223, 776, 4081, 1566, 273, 3777, 10696, 285, 894, 25759, 310, 1077, 21541, 13, 2173, 9130, 3464, 281, 320, 27819, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 275, 1340, 281, 6283, 2939, 253, 12739, 273, 253, 530, 14922, 14, 43193, 485, 250, 2978, 7844, 275, 15173, 1786, 13, 247, 1263, 15686, 48509, 2978, 285, 29515, 434, 39365, 275, 30243, 1363, 943, 320, 5196, 15, 187, 187, 688, 6452, 13, 359, 812, 10018, 247, 2007, 3048, 875, 29515, 434, 39365, 13, 285, 6830, 10915, 18936, 456, 10370, 42833, 13, 285, 37899, 13, 342, 15075, 327, 5875, 15174, 15, 831, 789, 310, 1774, 672, 7296, 10370, 42833, 347, 247, 3626, 9282, 275, 8615, 40992, 14, 3899, 20038, 6578, 683, 67, 1047, 1092, 347, 352, 35520, 247, 1048, 14, 3945, 5649, 327, 247, 7842, 285, 5787, 1268, 15, 187, 187, 22025, 285, 13277, 187, 18613, 187, 187, 18961, 16510, 285, 3410, 9008, 187, 39421, 187, 187, 1552, 1263, 369, 247, 1083, 14, 8519, 1263, 313, 1549, 1363, 275, 1016, 1387, 10, 387, 247, 2014, 9145, 275, 21753, 15, 380, 1263, 369, 2684, 387, 253, 4487, 273, 15022, 37120, 1497, 273, 253, 8710, 2499, 273, 26229, 285, 5705, 313, 15617, 1453, 285, 28611, 10, 497, 17875, 875, 17796, 16, 6759, 285, 14805, 16, 6620, 407, 1480, 12089, 313, 14696, 249, 16431, 13, 32482, 285, 8778, 398, 10, 285, 432, 253, 7811, 434, 2256, 5447, 15, 187, 187, 34, 2264, 273, 12842, 5705, 313, 3767, 285, 2255, 10, 432, 253, 2087, 3072, 497, 17875, 846, 247, 9273, 8368, 1690, 6728, 9548, 2193, 323, 13850, 14, 23897, 47162, 3700, 511, 313, 7072, 14, 9334, 582, 47665, 3700, 511, 313, 29526, 582, 44928, 366, 32609, 47640, 313, 17643, 582, 32109, 28421, 313, 9803, 41, 582, 28790, 30577, 13, 285, 2614, 1385, 1690, 38202, 6954, 13, 23754, 20491, 13, 285, 47293, 406, 902, 15, 496, 3444, 6866, 497, 2622, 6728, 1159, 13, 5928, 273, 7928, 285, 6722, 2728, 13, 285, 2363, 875, 1384, 285, 5096, 1107, 15, 37235, 342, 6728, 13, 2798, 390, 12333, 2515, 13, 23754, 23575, 13, 8401, 13, 448, 1306, 77, 334, 38875, 13, 1963, 811, 26754, 13, 2892, 273, 13440, 2728, 313, 36, 8528, 582, 2923, 13, 10470, 13, 13622, 3520, 2425, 13, 285, 667, 12358, 326, 1537, 6990, 6728, 11082, 347, 973, 347, 14590, 25943, 313, 21, 283, 22, 3618, 2720, 253, 2614, 10491, 10, 497, 10432, 15, 1284, 271, 1774, 10401, 5199, 13, 5705, 497, 2424, 281, 3426, 9166, 1186, 76, 1179, 11096, 25006, 14, 26324, 327, 253, 1388, 17691, 2614, 10491, 13, 4283, 281, 2559, 6658, 530, 14922, 2308, 275, 5928, 273, 6728, 2728, 683, 67, 1787, 1570, 380, 17705, 323, 1387, 17621, 313, 42665, 6291, 434, 39365, 390, 1453, 1387, 582, 369, 1754, 327, 247, 25006, 6658, 10915, 18936, 456, 10370, 42833, 313, 10579, 35, 10, 4719, 273, 12667, 390, 4398, 1166, 15, 18, 1186, 3955, 17071, 16, 45, 2975, 13, 4080, 407, 1029, 14, 24159, 5558, 19849, 313, 41, 21271, 481, 6610, 13, 5705, 497, 31539, 323, 253, 28611, 285, 1453, 1387, 285, 13373, 407, 2363, 285, 8645, 281, 906, 275, 3387, 1186, 3767, 285, 1384, 2255, 275, 1097, 2390, 13, 2975, 13, 534, 13806, 253, 12340, 273, 28611, 13466, 275, 253, 3072, 683, 67, 1010, 1570, 187, 187, 510, 1263, 369, 7012, 407, 253, 46665, 7039, 273, 253, 8710, 2499, 273, 26229, 285, 253, 4214, 8896, 273, 26229, 45637, 883, 1540, 16, 6759, 10, 285, 5196, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 7012, 9600, 407, 253, 27113, 273, 34159, 15, 1876, 5705, 2530, 3542, 8191, 7578, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 1016, 2256, 13, 25006, 2614, 3530, 497, 5728, 327, 247, 2014, 8120, 13, 247, 4869, 273, 767, 2129, 1563, 253, 9273, 1071, 15, 26394, 497, 8392, 407, 8097, 554, 27206, 285, 247, 10844, 23916, 18629, 13, 715, 33946, 13, 8182, 14, 49749, 19881, 285, 6658, 5809, 307, 39982, 313, 55, 317, 86, 5464, 611, 95, 19, 95, 1703, 7656, 285, 1503, 30028, 16925, 2975, 13, 13729, 7068, 16181, 14, 531, 38230, 481, 26394, 497, 7141, 275, 4484, 285, 3644, 285, 9674, 11742, 13, 281, 4917, 37711, 4225, 17711, 10445, 313, 40338, 2614, 13, 6532, 13, 6658, 481, 380, 37711, 1502, 497, 7141, 387, 4150, 1438, 1186, 3272, 36, 1919, 2007, 1783, 15, 187, 187, 6052, 41762, 2614, 44763, 1341, 313, 49, 8417, 6072, 10, 497, 7011, 432, 33946, 2614, 970, 2070, 44612, 81, 9712, 17080, 313, 37680, 7068, 9015, 581, 582, 407, 29691, 2556, 281, 253, 11662, 434, 7997, 285, 11974, 7019, 342, 6749, 14, 32538, 13626, 15, 11641, 1385, 285, 17036, 369, 5998, 970, 253, 15358, 4029, 4797, 14978, 1071, 327, 247, 8240, 405, 24689, 456, 894, 4828, 313, 14660, 20174, 481, 15993, 497, 37711, 4225, 275, 24250, 4646, 313, 39, 4449, 1186, 12, 1186, 740, 6, 29864, 10, 285, 27336, 13237, 281, 4150, 1438, 1186, 3272, 36, 970, 25714, 10772, 313, 23270, 5228, 481, 187, 187, 37701, 1658, 7480, 6341, 187, 28388, 187, 187, 15542, 272, 4898, 369, 4080, 1293, 12682, 281, 253, 5275, 470, 15, 22, 1186, 3591, 342, 247, 6264, 331, 11282, 11955, 313, 4538, 66, 13, 38343, 13, 6176, 582, 285, 2133, 2280, 369, 6760, 342, 247, 5865, 4311, 313, 35, 33424, 18450, 13, 22188, 5741, 13, 26653, 13, 16333, 10, 281, 253, 5275, 470, 15, 18, 1186, 5840, 342, 5705, 19679, 14186, 285, 8050, 8938, 15, 15481, 369, 5118, 347, 253, 4313, 875, 253, 2801, 4080, 275, 44068, 285, 253, 6278, 273, 253, 4898, 4080, 275, 17249, 15, 1916, 3653, 2133, 5889, 313, 14557, 2148, 285, 4688, 2280, 10, 16181, 34502, 16009, 264, 593, 10330, 313, 35, 5236, 10, 369, 908, 13, 534, 556, 644, 2011, 281, 2085, 9630, 941, 273, 2133, 5889, 275, 5301, 281, 38405, 14, 35515, 1594, 14, 1402, 16508, 263, 431, 74, 6213, 313, 33321, 34, 43189, 67, 1839, 1570, 33370, 369, 2684, 275, 253, 4131, 846, 271, 13463, 3809, 970, 247, 33370, 25113, 8260, 5307, 14, 52, 313, 3233, 14, 8982, 38230, 13, 399, 1513, 38148, 13, 6176, 481, 187, 187, 30456, 1794, 18334, 187, 22928, 187, 187, 45, 2373, 12807, 313, 17643, 13, 39346, 13, 13850, 14, 9334, 13, 418, 13432, 582, 6871, 13, 8388, 902, 249, 13, 811, 27480, 249, 13, 7492, 1714, 89, 249, 13, 419, 431, 20491, 13, 2860, 6711, 24929, 13, 23884, 313, 383, 36257, 13, 29127, 13, 308, 5648, 13, 1195, 1970, 24085, 1406, 460, 13, 10386, 41636, 249, 10, 497, 15626, 275, 253, 10934, 5161, 9965, 273, 253, 4675, 313, 33264, 316, 8255, 361, 3382, 18090, 5127, 398, 432, 17600, 1342, 24369, 350, 10, 285, 4080, 327, 253, 1388, 273, 2614, 10491, 15, 2639, 3364, 90, 23754, 20491, 313, 5915, 14, 42636, 10, 369, 4080, 3587, 432, 36327, 1025, 726, 45324, 13, 970, 247, 2614, 3678, 5127, 254, 329, 5993, 18450, 313, 51, 11282, 11955, 13, 2652, 7256, 79, 1200, 7256, 75, 13, 22783, 481, 187, 187, 2447, 32940, 10370, 42833, 6814, 407, 32230, 187, 39421, 187, 187, 6075, 360, 3530, 323, 530, 14922, 6814, 497, 7141, 275, 3644, 17080, 13, 4745, 846, 9712, 13, 347, 2529, 3786, 683, 67, 1787, 1570, 914, 32940, 10370, 42833, 285, 47086, 497, 4080, 275, 6658, 3530, 13, 970, 247, 1029, 14, 24159, 5558, 15346, 2047, 313, 23030, 777, 13, 14473, 23712, 13, 3905, 1779, 409, 13, 26229, 13, 21753, 10, 13496, 342, 247, 2359, 26206, 853, 3781, 13562, 313, 49, 4877, 13, 41675, 324, 24069, 43508, 285, 247, 10188, 261, 330, 1093, 32230, 5084, 313, 21, 6256, 23, 1186, 6027, 1186, 8970, 1186, 2188, 13, 495, 1186, 22588, 10, 342, 247, 7434, 911, 330, 1093, 32230, 7496, 5084, 313, 21, 6256, 17, 1186, 6027, 1186, 20, 6256, 17, 1186, 2188, 481, 24046, 9008, 285, 1783, 497, 2684, 347, 3786, 3863, 683, 67, 1787, 1570, 914, 32940, 10370, 42833, 285, 23754, 249, 313, 15617, 48688, 15317, 3060, 13, 33334, 28287, 13, 26763, 1225, 603, 13, 5591, 10, 5608, 347, 6024, 7465, 15, 187, 187, 14344, 10370, 42833, 369, 5118, 432, 6658, 530, 14922, 285, 24641, 2308, 13, 970, 247, 7212, 26604, 2530, 407, 3196, 15, 7949, 13917, 443, 11105, 249, 285, 3196, 15, 1639, 22172, 48669, 487, 13890, 15, 187, 187, 40, 4462, 2839, 6728, 3410, 9008, 187, 30282, 187, 187, 40105, 33331, 343, 538, 1758, 11060, 46511, 7600, 313, 938, 275, 2264, 13, 898, 10798, 285, 1903, 10753, 582, 36152, 323, 247, 10577, 275, 475, 54, 9334, 18, 34, 18, 2992, 285, 253, 1072, 1180, 273, 5222, 706, 300, 343, 538, 1758, 11060, 411, 43418, 7600, 13, 37754, 323, 247, 10577, 275, 475, 54, 9334, 18, 34, 18, 2992, 497, 2797, 432, 8444, 2499, 275, 41577, 313, 6140, 3611, 13, 21647, 4687, 10, 285, 48364, 303, 255, 1025, 275, 253, 19050, 9509, 273, 253, 8710, 2499, 273, 26229, 313, 41, 303, 4978, 13, 21753, 481, 380, 5074, 497, 24981, 275, 8013, 41459, 313, 13815, 1102, 251, 1511, 8019, 28, 6439, 7070, 505, 582, 762, 2629, 2515, 313, 1348, 1186, 3069, 1186, 18, 1186, 3272, 36, 13, 25672, 2456, 1186, 3069, 1186, 22, 1186, 3272, 36, 13, 1249, 1186, 73, 1708, 16, 19001, 5880, 10, 285, 10208, 342, 247, 2629, 6196, 313, 859, 79, 1648, 416, 16, 46, 14, 41, 9052, 42111, 255, 28, 256, 11489, 1648, 8598, 91, 451, 5168, 1392, 1866, 10, 285, 475, 324, 5135, 47599, 11, 2289, 281, 5352, 1824, 15, 380, 5074, 497, 31548, 387, 253, 818, 283, 25, 14, 11151, 273, 2363, 15, 380, 1263, 369, 7012, 407, 253, 9353, 273, 5893, 4679, 273, 253, 29535, 7671, 13421, 273, 6875, 285, 5489, 313, 8417, 39, 14, 2526, 15, 7174, 16, 19765, 14, 2267, 16, 20, 67, 16, 7330, 582, 285, 369, 4824, 562, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 7012, 9600, 15, 25847, 5282, 6728, 3530, 13, 497, 908, 323, 3882, 11998, 15, 2732, 289, 1403, 272, 13, 417, 625, 685, 1384, 1186, 7913, 2839, 6728, 369, 21792, 285, 26222, 1025, 275, 39346, 6391, 313, 37, 6560, 7077, 14169, 285, 39218, 12418, 13, 1165, 42, 2696, 1400, 10, 285, 20112, 511, 611, 15, 380, 3530, 497, 10729, 387, 5345, 1186, 3272, 36, 13463, 13, 1919, 3426, 33148, 15, 3882, 11998, 369, 6312, 253, 1735, 1388, 13, 970, 253, 6119, 11662, 434, 2629, 7241, 15, 367, 5051, 273, 253, 3530, 369, 3413, 407, 20877, 351, 1658, 5307, 68, 40147, 11955, 313, 32245, 15317, 582, 285, 4021, 42194, 3882, 4719, 369, 4080, 407, 3277, 11924, 43493, 263, 8942, 20505, 8354, 4155, 313, 19262, 3604, 481, 187, 187, 2214, 530, 14922, 6814, 13, 1341, 285, 4408, 3530, 497, 26222, 1025, 275, 32230, 6109, 3408, 285, 5480, 347, 2529, 275, 253, 2045, 12494, 15, 20112, 6299, 497, 4080, 970, 253, 36890, 25519, 313, 6199, 19811, 5969, 582, 347, 17189, 407, 253, 11662, 15, 187, 187, 8354, 11998, 432, 367, 8417, 6072, 285, 4719, 6814, 187, 48151, 187, 187, 8354, 432, 1966, 367, 8417, 6072, 369, 10375, 432, 767, 3041, 1341, 13, 970, 399, 6560, 7077, 14169, 285, 39218, 12418, 313, 43232, 2696, 1400, 582, 2556, 281, 11662, 434, 7997, 15, 3882, 4719, 369, 4080, 970, 253, 3277, 11924, 43493, 263, 8942, 20505, 8354, 4155, 313, 19262, 3604, 582, 347, 247, 5340, 14, 3169, 6981, 15, 329, 3632, 8578, 273, 3530, 497, 4080, 970, 42026, 24475, 5307, 68, 40147, 11955, 313, 32245, 15317, 10, 285, 3882, 12974, 369, 5998, 407, 39086, 9480, 27273, 15, 26394, 497, 7141, 387, 4150, 938, 1186, 3272, 36, 13, 323, 642, 3356, 685, 721, 2607, 2720, 281, 1783, 15, 187, 187, 49805, 48509, 2978, 6814, 275, 367, 8417, 6072, 407, 31855, 187, 6154, 7040, 187, 187, 43017, 485, 250, 2978, 6814, 369, 2684, 347, 2529, 683, 67, 1867, 1092, 342, 14586, 15, 35775, 13, 19058, 7941, 16551 ]	irubin might offer cardiac protection via telomere targeting and more studies in this direction should be performed to test this possibility. Being the first study reporting this results and dealing with a relatively small sample size, additional similar studies are needed in order to confirm our findings. Besides, the current study design is characterized by a heterogeneous age range, and a larger sample size would compensate for its effects. In order to properly assess telomere dynamics in GS, a longitudinal approach following the same individuals over a prolonged time period, could be employed. It is of major importance to take a more in-depth look at the mechanisms behind the telomere length differences, and while our proposed model of reduced inflammation and cell turnover is very plausible, specific pathways remain to be uncovered. In addition, in order to properly assess the implications of the UCB-telomere length axis in CV health, a study investigating telomere length and Gilbert's Syndrome in CVD patients should be conducted. In conclusion, we could observe a further link between Gilbert's Syndrome, and possibly unconjugated bilirubin, and longevity, with emphasis on healthy aging. This work is important when considering bilirubin as a natural therapeutic in fighting cardio-metabolic diseases[@b14], as it emphasizes a long-term benefit on a cellular and molecular level. Materials and Methods ===================== Subject recruitment and sample preparation ------------------------------------------ This study was a case-control study (60 patients in each group) at a single centre in Austria. The study was performed at the Department of Clinical Pharmacology of the Medical University of Vienna and subjects (both control and GS) were recruited between 06/2014 and 01/2015 by direct advertising (bulletin boards, posters and flyers) and from the department's subject database. A total of 128 subjects (men and women) from the general population were recruited after a screening examination including liver enzyme values for γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase, and blood count including reticulocytes, haemoglobin, and haematocrit. Inclusion criteria were normal liver function, absence of acute and chronic disease, and age between 20 and 80 years. Subjects with liver, heart or kidney conditions, haemolysis, diabetes, cholelithiasis, organ transplants, history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, smoking, excessive physical activity, and any medication that might alter liver metabolism as well as vitamin supplementation (4--5 weeks prior the blood sampling) were excluded. As an important diagnostic procedure, subjects were required to complete 400 kcal restricted fasting-protocol on the day preceding blood sampling, leading to increased serum UCB levels in absence of liver disease[@b37]. The criterion for group allocation (Gilbert's Syndrome or control group), was based on a fasting serum unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) concentration of ≥ or \<17.1 μmol/L respectively, measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, subjects were stratified for the GS and control group and matched by age and gender to result in 40 men and 20 women in both groups, respectively, which reflects the occurrence of GS phenotype in the population[@b15]. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Medical University of Vienna and the General Hospital of Vienna (\#1164/2014) and conducted in accordance with the approved guidelines by the Declaration of Helsinki. All subjects provided written informed consent. For each subject, fasting blood samples were collected on a single occasion, a maximum of two week following the screening test. Samples were drawn by venepuncture and a peripheral venous catheter, into EDTA, Li-Heparin and serum vacutainers (Vacuette K~2~EDTA and Z Serum Sep respectively, Greiner Bio-one GmbH). Samples were stored in cool and dark and subsequently processed, to yield aliquoted fractions thereof (whole blood, plasma, serum). The aliquots were stored at −80 °C until further analysis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from EDTA blood using Leucosep separation tubes (Greiner bio one), by centrifugation according to the manufacturer's instructions and washed twice with ice-cold PBS. Cell count and viability was estimated using the Trypan blue exclusion test on a Countess Automated cell counter (Life Technologies). Cells were aliquoted in freezing medium (FBS + 10% DMSO) and cooled gradually to −80 °C using CoolCell (Biozym). Anthropometric measurements --------------------------- Standing height was measured without shoes to the nearest 0.5 cm with a commercial stadiometer (Seca, Hamburg, Germany), and body mass was evaluated with a digital scale (BWB 700, Tanita, Amsterdam, Netherlands) to the nearest 0.1 kg with subjects lightly dressed and barefoot. BMI was calculated as the ratio between the weight measured in kilograms and the square of the height measured in meters. To determine body composition (muscle and fat mass) Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA) was used, which has been shown to provide reliable data of body composition in comparison to Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)[@b38]. BIA was performed in the morning after an overnight fast using a BIA Analyzer 2000-S (Data-Input GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany). Blood biochemistry ------------------ Liver enzymes (AST, ALT, γ-GT, LDH), iron, ferritin, transferrin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, homocysteine, hormones (estradiol, testosterone, TSH, triiodthyronine, thyroxin) were analysed in the routine core laboratory of the hospital (Olympus 5400 clinical chemistry analysers from Beckman Coulter) and measured on the day of blood sampling. Carboxy haemoglobin (CO-Hb) was measured directly from heparinized syringes, using a blood gas analyser ABL 700 (Radiometer, Brønshøj, Denmark). Unconjugated bilirubin measurement by HPLC ------------------------------------------ Serum samples for UCB measurement were stored in dark tubes, immediately after separation, as described previously[@b37]. Unconjugated bilirubin and heme were measured in serum samples, using a high-performance liquid chromatograph (Merck, Hitachi, LaChrom, Vienna, Austria) equipped with a photodiode array detector (PDA, Shimadzu,) and a Fortis C18 HPLC column (4·6 × 150 mm, 3 μm) with a phenomenex C18 HPLC guard column (4·0 × 3·0 mm). Sample preparation and analysis were performed as previously published[@b37]. Unconjugated bilirubin and haemin (both Frontier Scientific Europe, Carnforth, Lancashire, UK) served as external standards. Free bilirubin was calculated from serum UCB and albumin levels, using a formula kindly provided by Dr. Silvia Gazzin and Dr. Claudio Tiribelli. Gunn rat liver sample preparation --------------------------------- Hyperbilirubinaemic Gunn rats (20 in total, 9 males and 11 females), homozygous for a mutation in UGT1A1, and the same number of normobilirubinaemic Wistar rats, heterozygous for a mutation in UGT1A1, were obtained from Charles University in Prague (Prague, Czech Republic) and acclimatized in the breeding facility of the Medical University of Vienna (Himberg, Austria). The animals were housed in plastic cages (Macrolon type IV; Techniplast), under standard conditions (24 ± 1 °C, humidity 50 ± 5 °C, 12 h light/dark cycle) and fed with a standard diet (ssniff R/M-H Extrudat; ssniff Spezialdiäten) and ad libitum access to fresh water. The animals were sacrificed at the 7--8-week of age. The study was approved by the committee of animal experiments of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research (BMF-66.006/0008-II/3b/2011), and was carried out in accordance with the approved guidelines. Frozen liver samples, were used for DNA extraction. After thawing, not more than 20 mg rat liver was harvested and homogenized in ALT buffer (DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit, QIAGEN) and Proteinase K. The samples were incubated at 37 °C overnight, until complete lysis. DNA extraction was completed the next day, using the kit manufacturer's standard protocol. Purity of the samples was determined by Nanodrop 2000c spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific), and double stranded DNA concentration was measured by QuantiFluor® dsDNA System (Promega). For UCB measurement, cells and tissue samples were homogenized in HPLC mobile phase and prepared as described in the previous paragraph. Protein concentrations were measured using the Bradford reagent (Sigma Aldrich), as instructed by the manufacturer. DNA extraction from PBMCs and concentration measurement ------------------------------------------------------- DNA from human PBMCs was extracted from two million cells, using DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (QIAGEN), according to manufacturer's instructions. DNA concentration was measured using the QuantiFluor® dsDNA System (Promega), as a plate-based assay. A random subset of samples were measured using NanoDrop 2000c spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific) and DNA integrity was estimated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Samples were stored at −20 °C, for no longer than 6 months prior to analysis. Absolute telomere length measurement in PBMCs by qPCR ----------------------------------------------------- Telomere length measurement was performed as described[@b39], with modifications. Shortly, SYBR Select
[ 1110, 17059, 285, 8230, 634, 2564, 15, 187, 187, 11, 13665, 634, 10216, 1271, 285, 1007, 323, 1491, 326, 7881, 731, 15, 2752, 10216, 1271, 403, 326, 309, 1158, 7464, 310, 42837, 13, 326, 5602, 2697, 310, 2192, 11317, 839, 13, 326, 34619, 310, 11527, 13, 326, 362, 303, 310, 1805, 685, 802, 18944, 13, 285, 802, 18944, 310, 1805, 685, 26705, 84, 13, 285, 1789, 11259, 310, 247, 4242, 22199, 15, 1893, 309, 1007, 562, 323, 7774, 326, 452, 247, 1027, 1127, 273, 1859, 15, 309, 1849, 6311, 326, 9664, 556, 690, 1663, 4722, 4302, 13, 326, 8217, 310, 2192, 11317, 839, 1014, 281, 697, 1211, 4212, 533, 352, 2506, 626, 2647, 984, 597, 1472, 7063, 327, 253, 1533, 434, 5962, 19176, 273, 14838, 14874, 13, 326, 34619, 310, 3798, 15279, 533, 13949, 4217, 13, 326, 465, 518, 415, 70, 310, 1014, 1805, 685, 362, 303, 13, 285, 326, 12445, 18726, 670, 752, 1789, 11259, 1014, 310, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 38, 603, 64, 35, 507, 31622, 187, 3, 6082, 11259, 310, 247, 4242, 22199, 3, 187, 187, 6968, 1051, 259, 16114, 32, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 1785, 264, 89, 187, 4943, 434, 271, 8813, 432, 32252, 8524, 1080, 74, 27, 187, 60, 3614, 1358, 90, 483, 86, 15, 1257, 16, 40, 30424, 4280, 20, 54, 3610, 83, 54, 32, 85, 30, 21, 78, 1235, 84, 880, 3614, 1358, 90, 483, 86, 15, 1257, 16, 40, 30424, 4280, 20, 54, 3610, 83, 54, 32, 85, 30, 21, 78, 1235, 84, 10, 187, 187, 5035, 671, 10035, 3162, 251, 313, 19217, 9966, 1214, 6995, 297, 8311, 317, 12568, 2262, 187, 60, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 24583, 15, 681, 16, 13060, 32, 87, 30, 83, 57, 17, 1147, 55, 8199, 75, 41, 68, 880, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 24583, 15, 681, 16, 13060, 32, 87, 30, 83, 57, 17, 1147, 55, 8199, 75, 41, 68, 10, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 59, 303, 16758, 187, 1394, 6403, 626, 1469, 281, 755, 247, 2257, 273, 1329, 323, 473, 48, 275, 5053, 835, 352, 3548, 626, 187, 28235, 3309, 751, 3958, 13, 285, 3340, 3958, 342, 2014, 12259, 15, 2058, 187, 3529, 1127, 253, 4323, 273, 941, 310, 327, 253, 13722, 15, 48627, 581, 310, 187, 84, 16948, 326, 604, 597, 7435, 598, 253, 941, 13, 326, 434, 327, 731, 15, 187, 187, 4985, 310, 24783, 275, 16100, 3694, 835, 627, 403, 8783, 273, 12259, 665, 778, 187, 1439, 2096, 2139, 1841, 403, 253, 1039, 597, 403, 13, 597, 816, 878, 281, 513, 187, 17873, 15, 496, 1943, 13, 2570, 2718, 835, 247, 2257, 273, 1841, 403, 1469, 327, 13, 604, 368, 187, 31089, 3095, 247, 642, 583, 13, 597, 588, 10913, 3746, 15, 473, 48, 476, 4017, 941, 432, 690, 187, 9, 1171, 2282, 417, 512, 10, 46504, 9099, 15, 187, 187, 4485, 187, 67, 3649, 28286, 187, 17964, 2030, 57, 634, 7970, 9100, 285, 368, 476, 11585, 15, 1310, 368, 1718, 281, 6233, 818, 6, 16, 6147, 187, 9, 251, 1323, 72, 582, 368, 476, 10687, 577, 6, 11654, 15, 187, 187, 5703, 253, 1984, 380, 19743, 12899, 281, 844, 1295, 13, 390, 253, 30486, 275, 436, 5311, 1501, 15, 187, 187, 60, 2413, 1358, 2700, 15, 78, 1109, 531, 1105, 461, 2679, 15, 681, 16, 6755, 16, 520, 16, 1012, 16, 783, 14, 35492, 5356, 14, 187, 3549, 26635, 2413, 1358, 2700, 15, 78, 1109, 531, 1105, 461, 2679, 15, 681, 16, 6755, 16, 520, 16, 1012, 16, 783, 14, 35492, 5356, 14, 19583, 14, 679, 14, 187, 44666, 14, 18579, 14, 1221, 36728, 21714, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 31169, 962, 1914, 187, 18179, 3780, 5513, 436, 247, 1652, 323, 479, 13, 4496, 32, 187, 187, 10795, 436, 1599, 368, 5321, 11456, 6, 273, 634, 6021, 285, 760, 897, 818, 6, 32, 187, 187, 4509, 253, 4422, 13, 627, 310, 247, 4216, 326, 2722, 849, 1142, 1107, 368, 24628, 187, 9802, 281, 5321, 323, 15072, 533, 352, 1057, 417, 1379, 715, 2395, 253, 4588, 187, 19581, 368, 1056, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 247, 346, 30986, 1528, 3, 1474, 13, 604, 368, 5321, 10694, 6, 273, 1594, 759, 50166, 368, 1335, 452, 759, 50166, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 14440, 462, 836, 1615, 47285, 187, 510, 818, 6, 310, 14339, 281, 253, 2281, 273, 1091, 327, 634, 18900, 15, 754, 310, 2403, 187, 783, 9376, 326, 604, 368, 1718, 370, 2313, 275, 253, 5739, 2791, 327, 4247, 337, 13, 840, 187, 251, 7659, 4562, 634, 2395, 588, 452, 370, 12224, 275, 352, 15, 831, 9376, 310, 271, 3388, 187, 1189, 1142, 1107, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 1846, 4086, 273, 17300, 275, 253, 23415, 1533, 326, 368, 476, 15792, 187, 12163, 577, 6, 247, 807, 432, 634, 18900, 285, 597, 588, 4035, 281, 1756, 15, 313, 24, 6, 187, 2309, 19734, 577, 6, 10687, 932, 2097, 368, 452, 495, 6, 625, 275, 253, 2395, 1016, 807, 10, 187, 187, 1147, 2506, 626, 2647, 752, 634, 14898, 310, 15, 1310, 368, 403, 247, 19394, 13722, 665, 187, 46535, 5096, 76, 247, 807, 285, 30885, 2456, 76, 247, 807, 13, 840, 368, 943, 5321, 2030, 89, 1235, 76, 30, 18, 15, 1099, 22009, 187, 395, 840, 368, 642, 3356, 452, 281, 789, 323, 247, 3811, 15, 831, 1232, 588, 1379, 1107, 187, 263, 8007, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 59, 14, 56, 301, 48951, 187, 28782, 1953, 15, 1680, 253, 5096, 76, 271, 1650, 368, 13222, 562, 13, 390, 247, 5272, 2408, 187, 1542, 247, 19394, 1474, 281, 1056, 32, 13658, 323, 247, 247, 4260, 14, 10306, 2567, 275, 253, 187, 27121, 13, 3345, 273, 34413, 10947, 15, 187, 187, 26747, 2444, 347, 247, 19394, 1474, 285, 253, 8474, 1474, 84, 1928, 309, 1353, 2403, 1679, 187, 14644, 309, 943, 320, 15, 6758, 310, 1199, 1679, 685, 326, 5096, 76, 15, 380, 760, 15985, 255, 1146, 326, 187, 2577, 11169, 310, 671, 10054, 323, 629, 273, 619, 35096, 313, 484, 281, 247, 2781, 273, 370, 28306, 247, 187, 2913, 481, 36145, 13, 436, 4455, 751, 247, 12524, 2572, 342, 752, 309, 369, 2403, 13, 187, 2858, 6240, 326, 608, 76, 281, 619, 16610, 285, 309, 1353, 1335, 17663, 2822, 253, 5096, 76, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 15950, 562, 436, 4385, 347, 352, 3133, 751, 352, 651, 320, 12912, 281, 643, 187, 30986, 1528, 1474, 84, 281, 452, 247, 4023, 30844, 2408, 281, 5310, 323, 15, 22469, 643, 2616, 187, 1993, 715, 436, 313, 70, 15, 72, 15, 11723, 13, 4328, 13, 3966, 481, 831, 816, 3133, 751, 247, 12524, 187, 1993, 281, 1642, 1293, 10155, 10334, 3288, 342, 1980, 1474, 84, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 431, 78, 550, 187, 1147, 434, 9090, 4328, 7976, 13, 533, 275, 954, 667, 1766, 19275, 1982, 2846, 313, 3251, 4046, 13, 187, 20990, 332, 13, 16916, 13, 3966, 2698, 247, 19394, 1474, 943, 320, 2403, 387, 1878, 5096, 76, 5734, 597, 187, 609, 7777, 4759, 15, 187, 187, 4485, 187, 69, 538, 187, 42, 22276, 19394, 12259, 326, 627, 403, 8558, 767, 3064, 875, 247, 187, 30986, 1528, 285, 8474, 13722, 27, 187, 187, 18, 10, 329, 8474, 13722, 310, 440, 2320, 46088, 273, 417, 8958, 1841, 15, 2091, 359, 6604, 247, 747, 187, 22035, 390, 2567, 13, 359, 1472, 347, 3663, 347, 667, 19394, 13722, 14167, 731, 2285, 15, 844, 187, 1945, 347, 1142, 3533, 347, 3309, 281, 755, 776, 789, 2218, 8069, 13, 1293, 187, 1200, 482, 390, 4709, 273, 2819, 24924, 323, 417, 8958, 1841, 2168, 15, 844, 403, 1175, 187, 255, 12203, 949, 32139, 2127, 67, 1169, 281, 4677, 562, 849, 597, 789, 15, 187, 187, 19, 10, 329, 8474, 13722, 313, 263, 667, 19303, 1436, 10, 310, 1175, 387, 3981, 642, 15, 6491, 187, 9846, 1642, 323, 625, 273, 634, 673, 685, 368, 476, 18345, 15, 1422, 476, 15492, 533, 18648, 187, 19506, 642, 13, 1480, 952, 11358, 313, 43663, 582, 390, 1642, 952, 281, 2319, 342, 634, 187, 20649, 1880, 625, 273, 634, 673, 476, 320, 18564, 281, 1361, 731, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 9903, 255, 75, 187, 42, 651, 9059, 24741, 281, 1333, 642, 310, 752, 36158, 19394, 432, 8474, 15, 187, 187, 688, 619, 2793, 352, 2686, 5644, 281, 12576, 17327, 1146, 19848, 247, 2257, 273, 2069, 187, 11952, 1677, 21413, 6493, 3095, 943, 452, 753, 642, 281, 15, 2635, 2127, 2278, 187, 1811, 84, 1475, 285, 253, 36710, 403, 751, 773, 5371, 310, 436, 668, 285, 627, 457, 84, 247, 21413, 3819, 15, 187, 45, 311, 15, 8948, 326, 457, 84, 816, 253, 5053, 309, 457, 306, 4307, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 75, 1179, 357, 287, 187, 42, 1053, 626, 1158, 368, 1472, 253, 760, 581, 665, 556, 7407, 436, 28, 359, 14565, 247, 4564, 187, 1171, 747, 3805, 39335, 4102, 285, 597, 1849, 1663, 644, 1691, 949, 253, 187, 47761, 15, 3105, 7933, 327, 21413, 6493, 13, 533, 6493, 326, 581, 1537, 187, 68, 992, 263, 907, 347, 21007, 533, 417, 1774, 15, 187, 187, 4485, 187, 510, 34, 336, 4527, 1328, 12863, 187, 17222, 281, 4600, 854, 281, 898, 3038, 1046, 1388, 15, 496, 436, 500, 1848, 21110, 544, 17, 1092, 18322, 16156, 13, 187, 66, 4600, 6485, 13, 7558, 326, 14343, 15225, 476, 6379, 634, 3045, 407, 187, 1229, 7739, 187, 187, 998, 6606, 281, 6558, 247, 1175, 789, 14, 8206, 6654, 15, 19941, 483, 35058, 15, 5402, 1786, 285, 187, 11807, 403, 625, 1774, 685, 789, 15, 329, 21853, 326, 2506, 626, 1908, 436, 281, 187, 1257, 253, 1083, 310, 2779, 281, 320, 12825, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 323, 4588, 3694, 2440, 7535, 1051, 378, 999, 609, 23069, 7234, 15, 1583, 187, 5092, 1361, 368, 1287, 247, 1698, 14, 21061, 1566, 594, 368, 1053, 626, 11089, 432, 187, 1148, 6025, 13, 533, 1524, 14, 10186, 3237, 5257, 281, 320, 2570, 285, 36396, 15, 187, 187, 4943, 434, 271, 1650, 27, 604, 368, 497, 3652, 247, 5899, 4384, 622, 13, 1142, 3694, 187, 15179, 398, 651, 3164, 1804, 970, 1633, 751, 5779, 24204, 12070, 15, 2064, 2506, 626, 187, 10722, 643, 5447, 10296, 1053, 626, 452, 616, 1659, 15, 1723, 13, 5779, 24204, 12070, 187, 261, 2104, 281, 18212, 5752, 247, 1781, 7140, 273, 3237, 342, 4103, 11990, 13, 187, 601, 352, 2223, 2789, 323, 247, 24600, 4983, 1127, 15, 7243, 368, 2489, 625, 187, 71, 24700, 1025, 342, 326, 5028, 368, 1833, 1287, 247, 2169, 14, 21061, 1566, 285, 368, 187, 5092, 3135, 281, 7472, 643, 10296, 625, 8069, 15, 18770, 273, 3694, 187, 44602, 310, 670, 36182, 562, 752, 5454, 14273, 281, 1056, 15, 187, 187, 8195, 1650, 275, 5899, 4384, 11222, 310, 970, 14268, 323, 24896, 15, 6915, 187, 29519, 447, 323, 436, 4096, 310, 973, 14290, 285, 3965, 1199, 4516, 187, 15160, 2811, 15, 1707, 434, 9828, 273, 1929, 3237, 342, 970, 14268, 323, 436, 187, 27299, 13, 533, 253, 18075, 671, 452, 616, 1211, 873, 273, 3374, 281, 2968, 342, 15, 187, 187, 3220, 2457, 1650, 27, 5175, 15, 30750, 634, 2127, 310, 1270, 285, 352, 476, 320, 1077, 187, 316, 4085, 13, 3340, 672, 1275, 514, 4263, 390, 6684, 747, 3386, 15, 1292, 1469, 323, 187, 2313, 6, 2127, 7031, 310, 3798, 625, 7596, 685, 352, 434, 4409, 15, 733, 434, 671, 1077, 187, 36423, 281, 990, 598, 4028, 247, 12190, 273, 19437, 5216, 15, 1422, 971, 281, 2770, 327, 253, 187, 26651, 1895, 285, 417, 8138, 3780, 434, 673, 15, 187, 187, 60, 17, 62, 187, 60, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 24583, 15, 681, 16, 13060, 32, 87, 30, 81, 8754, 21892, 48, 64, 49, 304, 880, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 24583, 15, 681, 16, 13060, 32, 87, 30, 81, 8754, 21892, 48, 64, 49, 304, 10, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 20671, 187, 31, 659, 6606, 281, 6558, 247, 1175, 789, 14, 8206, 6654, 15, 19941, 483, 35058, 15, 5402, 1786, 285, 187, 31, 2021, 403, 625, 1774, 685, 789, 15, 329, 21853, 326, 2506, 626, 1908, 436, 187, 31, 281, 320, 253, 1083, 310, 2779, 281, 320, 12825, 15, 187, 187, 8620, 7535, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 2779, 5451, 483, 588, 1663, 1818, 368, 323, 253, 1551, 273, 634, 1495, 604, 368, 187, 9903, 626, 8071, 2393, 2217, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 247, 2372, 8872, 672, 368, 8968, 368, 1833, 1620, 969, 320, 326, 5599, 368, 8899, 598, 285 ]	those threads and blow your mind. * Know your prejudices and look for information that challenges them. My prejudices are that I think Windows is lame, that MacOS is infuriating, that Javascript is terrible, that vim is better than emacs, and emacs is better than IDEs, and object orientation is a failed paradigm. So I look out for articles that have a different point of view. I've learned that Microsoft has some really interesting technology, that Apple is infuriating even to its own users but it doesn't matter because they're sitting on the world's biggest pile of dollar bills, that Javascript is usually unnecessary but occasionally useful, that kakoune is even better than vim, and that nobody agrees about what object orientation even is. ~~~ Eire_Banshee "object orientation is a failed paradigm" uh... wtf? ~~~ Reedx Here's an explanation from Casey Muratori: [https://youtu.be/GKYCA3UsmrU?t=4m50s](https://youtu.be/GKYCA3UsmrU?t=4m50s) See also Mike Acton (Engine Director @ Insomniac Games): [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rX0ItVEVjHc](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rX0ItVEVjHc) ~~~ Zimahl You aren't going to get a lot of support for OO in places where it isn't really necessary like games, and especially games with single developers. At that point the management of data is on the developer. Essentially one is saying that if they fuck up the data, that's on them. OO is handy in enterprise software where there are lots of developers who may not understand why things are the way they are, they just need to do something. In big, complex systems where a lot of things are going on, if you give someone a noose, they will hang themselves. OO can protect data from some (of course not all) unintended consequences. ------ baccredited Save 25X your annual spending and you can retire. If you invest to earn 7%/yr (on avg), you can withdraw 4% forever. Read the book The Simple Path to Wealth, or the basics in this blog post. [http://www.mrmoneymustache.com/2012/01/13/the-shockingly- sim...](http://www.mrmoneymustache.com/2012/01/13/the-shockingly-simple-math- behind-early-retirement/) ~~~ kjullien Could anyone explain this a little for me, please? Does this mean you save 93% of your income and only use 7%? From the website, there is a graph that shows how many years you supposedly have to save for retirement but it does not take into account the actual amount you make. As a "junior" dev, if you save 97% of X peanuts you still have peanuts. ~~~ hellogoodbyeeee The 7% is referring to the rate of return on your investments. He is making the assumption that if you invest $100 in the stock market on January 1, then on Dec 31 your account will have $107 in it. This assumption is an average over many years. There is a common rule of thumb in the investing world that you can safely remove 4% a year from your investments and they will continue to grow. (7% return minus 4% withdrawals means you have 3% more in the account each year) It doesn't matter what your lifestyle is. If you are a junior developer who makes 80k a year and spends 50k a year, then you should save 25x50k=1.25mil and then you no longer have to work for a living. This process will take years or decades. ~~~ Z-Widwil Quick question. Is the 80k an example you threw out, or a reasonable amount for a junior dev to make? Specifically for a a mid-sized company in the States, outside of Silicon Valley. Currently working as a junior dev and the senior devs feel I'm making less than I should be. Which is much less than that 80k. The only caveat being that my employer is also paying for part of my tuition (up to a max of $5000 a year). Previously, this seemed like a decent increase with what I was making, but adding that 5k to my wage and I'm still nowhere near the 80k. I'm throwing out this comment as it seems like it would be beneficial to other junior devs to have a ballpark amount to shoot for. Obviously other factors play into this (e.g. healthcare, location, etc). This just seems like a decent play to ask without breaking taboo with local devs. ~~~ ptmcc It's obviously location dependent, but in most any booming US city (Seattle, Denver, Austin, etc.) a junior dev should be making at least 80k unless they are truly green. ------ dub I advise junior developers that there are primarily two difference between a junior and senior developer: 1) A senior developer is unafraid of not knowing things. When we join a new team or company, we're as lost as any junior developer joining them team. We ask as many questions as necessary to get our work done effectively, without shame or fear of looking foolish for not knowing things already. We are good at searching through unfamiliar codebases to figure out how they work. 2) A senior developer (or any productive person) is good at saying no. People will ask for more of your time than you can spare. You can gently but firmly say no, direct people elsewhere (delegate), or ask people to discuss with your manager whether more of your time can be allocated to help them. ~~~ donatj I would argue willingness to say no is what separates junior from senior. In my experience it actually leads to Juniors being abused a lot of times being given dumb projects someone should have said no to. Then code review rolls around and the seniors are like “what is this” and there’s a dumb fight. Lol. Maybe that’s just the places I’ve worked. ~~~ jcalabro I don't think you're the only one who has experienced this; we hired a couple of new grad programmers recently and they've really been put through the ringer. Not necessarily on dumb projects, but projects that one might categorize as urgent but not important. ------ TheAceOfHearts Try to sleep 8 to 9 hours every day. In this JRE podcast [0], Matthew Walker, a sleep expert, claimed that sleeping poorly can decrease your performance by 30%. Strive to maintain a good work-life balance. Burnout sucks. Your health and family are more important than work. A workplace that doesn't consider this to be the case is likely to be toxic. As for actual software development advice... Beware blanket statements. They can help you develop a low-resolution model so you don't suffer from paralysis, but real-world problems tend to be complex and messy. Here's an example: if you were building a traditional web app, many software engineers would probably suggest using something like PostgreSQL. That doesn't mean other database technologies don't have their place. However, PostgreSQL is able to adequately serve a large category of problems with relative ease, so it often makes for a sensible starting point. Once you become more familiarized with that domain you'll develop a higher-resolution model and you can begin to evaluate other technologies more effectively. Much of software engineering is about figuring out what tradeoffs to make. Another example in traditional web apps is using cookies for auth. Using cookies for this purpose is well documented and pretty much supported everywhere. There's plenty of known problems with using cookies for this purpose, but the alternatives also have their own set of issues to deal with. My final example: testing. Testing your code is great and it can be very useful, especially when refactoring or developing new features. But going for 100% code coverage is usually more trouble than it's worth. It's also very easy to end up writing a bunch of useless tests. You want to focus on the actual problem and not waste anyone's time. [0] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwaWilO_Pig](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwaWilO_Pig) ~~~ Flow > Strive to maintain a good work-life balance. Burnout sucks. Your health and > family are more important than work. A workplace that doesn't consider this > to be the case is likely to be toxic. Good advice. It's likely burnout will really change you for the rest of your life if you don't react early enough. It's a bit sad when you realize you'll never again be that guy you grew up and
[ 31, 5190, 1364, 320, 4503, 281, 20890, 89, 5190, 390, 187, 5190, 15, 5190, 13, 347, 2011, 275, 253, 1650, 15, 535, 187, 16698, 187, 6846, 187, 187, 4509, 2634, 783, 29352, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 1650, 273, 500, 54, 4339, 608, 15, 19, 15, 18, 654, 3614, 1358, 7280, 15, 681, 16, 11773, 28448, 16, 6764, 3329, 16, 23723, 16, 7265, 16, 187, 20419, 16, 43, 54, 4339, 14, 22, 15, 19, 15, 18, 16, 32045, 16, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 16, 5883, 640, 50030, 15, 10134, 4, 45, 2358, 14, 45, 3507, 39334, 21712, 187, 187, 537, 2127, 14, 6172, 1450, 7892, 640, 187, 50276, 27, 3642, 15854, 14, 5478, 27, 9934, 535, 50276, 75, 48149, 64, 10408, 64, 11242, 1587, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 16, 7781, 16, 32849, 3233, 3, 187, 50276, 4, 3631, 587, 50275, 57, 3211, 50273, 32849, 50274, 4505, 187, 50276, 4, 50267, 11133, 50276, 11133, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 89, 50269, 15, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 32849, 3233, 16, 9177, 15, 8567, 3, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 89, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 32849, 3233, 16, 856, 22172, 15, 3967, 3, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 89, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 32849, 3233, 16, 4093, 272, 15, 19613, 3, 187, 50276, 10, 535, 50276, 75, 48149, 64, 10408, 64, 11242, 1587, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 16, 7781, 3, 187, 50276, 4, 3631, 587, 50275, 57, 3211, 50273, 32849, 50274, 4505, 187, 50276, 4, 50267, 11133, 50276, 11133, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 30240, 7745, 1898, 7510, 293, 15, 73, 3, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 18030, 15, 73, 3, 187, 50274, 89, 50269, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 33473, 15, 14161, 3, 187, 50276, 10, 187, 35906, 6696, 41967, 457, 84, 2471, 275, 247, 6415, 13035, 7948, 20588, 9828, 273, 30457, 246, 8029, 13, 247, 1643, 1679, 14, 14644, 14, 32060, 314, 14, 585, 6991, 4394, 13, 285, 840, 253, 11527, 285, 13413, 8223, 5553, 3167, 6277, 17918, 1063, 313, 16564, 387, 1669, 1840, 10, 2210, 598, 342, 327, 521, 921, 342, 14861, 7532, 274, 28205, 327, 9693, 457, 84, 10508, 15, 22, 380, 15000, 15634, 8330, 15, 7820, 273, 43841, 6696, 41967, 390, 41006, 1110, 665, 497, 13, 17918, 1063, 4425, 281, 6947, 689, 884, 2909, 44601, 6696, 41967, 323, 521, 1211, 2471, 6701, 281, 521, 3061, 281, 8778, 247, 6415, 13, 6789, 779, 247, 773, 20014, 251, 668, 285, 247, 773, 18043, 515, 668, 665, 369, 773, 68, 36596, 1321, 670, 1495, 1806, 2403, 6415, 13035, 33737, 285, 3981, 773, 42, 457, 306, 1694, 642, 25528, 323, 368, 1806, 285, 773, 248, 1694, 752, 344, 29774, 1806, 25917, 670, 952, 6789, 436, 247, 22820, 13, 44978, 436, 18426, 59, 3492, 13, 285, 49282, 28710, 444, 1596, 29888, 457, 84, 6585, 2471, 323, 1175, 2557, 342, 271, 773, 42, 5230, 323, 253, 3402, 1425, 187, 187, 11241, 27, 17918, 1063, 556, 1580, 644, 2668, 745, 22303, 15000, 9693, 13, 534, 948, 335, 44358, 521, 5553, 921, 13, 323, 247, 8849, 27, 187, 187, 34, 3908, 432, 22303, 15000, 9693, 327, 6277, 17918, 1063, 2866, 14402, 15, 16705, 15, 681, 16, 31176, 38, 6855, 46, 2405, 50, 46, 1905, 22303, 15000, 9693, 12626, 37257, 15803, 8735, 10, 4596, 884, 13, 4240, 187, 187, 2512, 556, 644, 642, 17518, 323, 17918, 1063, 2568, 432, 380, 15000, 15634, 15, 380, 3236, 1501, 3637, 27, 187, 187, 4943, 457, 84, 253, 2644, 8223, 313, 2003, 273, 253, 36581, 374, 1873, 13, 534, 476, 320, 1119, 1060, 2262, 187, 187, 6080, 1698, 22850, 313, 455, 19101, 432, 17918, 1063, 13, 665, 858, 954, 273, 253, 391, 25841, 13, 5734, 7616, 5010, 2262, 187, 187, 1628, 1147, 2897, 398, 479, 15, 24955, 13, 665, 13, 309, 1053, 457, 85, 871, 13, 310, 594, 9605, 267, 1321, 670, 1495, 285, 816, 2506, 457, 85, 11435, 253, 3578, 3472, 1255, 273, 1495, 285, 310, 7378, 281, 11598, 1475, 342, 1495, 285, 2471, 32, 23498, 672, 368, 452, 2151, 13, 390, 247, 2021, 7721, 187, 187, 1628, 1394, 457, 306, 1694, 281, 755, 634, 16419, 745, 407, 5913, 352, 310, 368, 513, 326, 1161, 1832, 2471, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 2773, 5599, 457, 84, 751, 253, 3076, 5599, 281, 479, 15, 1422, 457, 306, 1694, 247, 2021, 2, 1244, 368, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 11598, 1475, 275, 247, 1652, 20953, 6415, 7721, 187, 187, 1628, 3039, 436, 5599, 2427, 1066, 275, 253, 6415, 11066, 13, 309, 753, 13, 2802, 42, 1053, 457, 85, 871, 253, 4278, 13, 533, 18670, 436, 3548, 457, 85, 500, 27168, 10512, 904, 11853, 665, 2506, 457, 85, 871, 752, 344, 457, 84, 2509, 13, 11598, 272, 1475, 342, 247, 6415, 285, 9811, 2994, 323, 512, 540, 592, 285, 6378, 9027, 1244, 352, 816, 3686, 273, 2897, 398, 479, 15, 1422, 1557, 326, 1652, 670, 634, 1495, 32, 11376, 253, 1495, 273, 634, 2021, 32, 5402, 1652, 11010, 5630, 310, 326, 1774, 281, 368, 326, 368, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 2495, 816, 13889, 7721, 187, 187, 1628, 1394, 457, 250, 247, 23390, 2212, 10723, 342, 247, 18248, 2021, 13, 285, 281, 368, 13, 368, 452, 281, 564, 755, 326, 2181, 835, 368, 476, 25760, 67, 4894, 432, 2233, 4669, 281, 2620, 1840, 253, 1824, 342, 634, 2014, 14, 15179, 6415, 342, 634, 1133, 562, 253, 3497, 15, 2802, 27115, 1796, 2, 13274, 1796, 2, 11739, 13, 637, 13, 1007, 387, 253, 443, 14, 4774, 327, 436, 2, 309, 457, 78, 7057, 332, 781, 2, 367, 999, 759, 88, 759, 88, 2, 11739, 13, 637, 13, 1007, 387, 436, 13, 436, 310, 594, 4484, 9027, 1244, 368, 3150, 2, 33119, 255, 11602, 187, 187, 1628, 1328, 457, 84, 417, 247, 14269, 3441, 14, 32927, 11572, 13, 344, 457, 84, 417, 247, 39470, 14, 32927, 11572, 13, 344, 457, 84, 247, 9915, 1165, 15, 47422, 665, 41307, 247, 6415, 326, 34579, 598, 285, 368, 476, 1691, 275, 634, 19476, 285, 326, 457, 84, 49195, 784, 13, 2802, 27115, 1796, 2, 5531, 1007, 13, 309, 816, 17735, 327, 253, 1824, 13, 11648, 2, 309, 457, 78, 1469, 281, 15975, 352, 45528, 33119, 255, 15, 1422, 457, 250, 3846, 15, 2726, 767, 5753, 15, 4922, 251, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 1089, 352, 13413, 326, 368, 457, 250, 326, 9605, 267, 1321, 670, 1495, 15, 2064, 352, 457, 84, 625, 1774, 326, 368, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 755, 634, 16419, 745, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 1909, 247, 3387, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 8228, 14, 515, 637, 13, 368, 457, 250, 1335, 2509, 326, 13, 281, 253, 1127, 835, 368, 457, 306, 1694, 281, 755, 275, 16340, 285, 5492, 8458, 285, 512, 326, 23550, 32, 309, 457, 78, 7016, 13, 29723, 13, 368, 457, 250, 327, 634, 1211, 15, 309, 457, 306, 1694, 642, 25528, 323, 368, 1425, 187, 187, 24349, 19995, 27, 773, 1276, 19775, 479, 670, 247, 2926, 751, 436, 310, 672, 597, 897, 253, 3159, 2802, 1206, 2961, 90, 9027, 329, 22820, 310, 752, 4592, 387, 326, 6105, 275, 6112, 436, 2469, 8849, 13, 390, 271, 33260, 486, 13195, 1066, 15, 831, 32, 1422, 871, 752, 253, 10502, 403, 2, 8139, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 247, 39314, 14, 32179, 254, 285, 368, 3150, 436, 1039, 13, 368, 871, 253, 10502, 15, 733, 457, 84, 271, 23293, 26741, 13, 417, 247, 22820, 1425, 187, 187, 8116, 281, 17918, 1063, 27, 773, 42, 1053, 457, 85, 971, 281, 13387, 253, 6415, 323, 253, 958, 326, 253, 5599, 313, 66, 1071, 11572, 665, 369, 5339, 10, 3078, 281, 25760, 14, 67, 4894, 949, 14700, 2, 1422, 28006, 2, 2802, 6506, 13, 1339, 457, 84, 25760, 14, 67, 4894, 949, 14700, 2, 32872, 352, 457, 84, 4484, 13, 285, 309, 457, 78, 1469, 281, 1691, 619, 1133, 562, 253, 3497, 2, 1244, 309, 457, 78, 1469, 281, 15975, 352, 45528, 33119, 255, 2, 2064, 16326, 457, 85, 253, 6415, 457, 84, 9331, 15, 831, 2181, 326, 6696, 41967, 369, 2509, 13, 33058, 432, 2233, 4669, 281, 2620, 2866, 301, 7173, 15, 5531, 7122, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 1231, 457, 306, 512, 2218, 1841, 359, 1007, 896, 285, 14938, 15, 6975, 3192, 253, 1652, 16340, 281, 427, 386, 1807, 292, 326, 452, 5702, 25244, 15, 1292, 597, 457, 250, 2014, 14, 15179, 1652, 330, 405, 27109, 285, 4536, 253, 11572, 457, 84, 751, 247, 655, 14, 2913, 1711, 5918, 15, 2802, 40, 1240, 2, 1737, 717, 309, 2509, 11388, 668, 187, 187, 45484, 1063, 40039, 352, 598, 342, 247, 1663, 3076, 5103, 387, 444, 1596, 29888, 457, 84, 6585, 2471, 27, 773, 7883, 369, 352, 13, 28710, 444, 1596, 29888, 13, 253, 5492, 1113, 6254, 665, 4962, 32, 309, 5230, 323, 253, 3402, 11602, 187, 187, 23067, 274, 28205, 671, 27140, 670, 436, 27, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 6468, 626, 923, 253, 6696, 41967, 3492, 13, 3698, 15, 1244, 840, 1611, 281, 2028, 479, 634, 7906, 6468, 626, 4391, 15, 1905, 14861, 7532, 274, 28205, 12626, 41849, 23067, 274, 28205, 10, 4596, 854, 13, 4240, 187, 187, 510, 3492, 275, 1953, 310, 2708, 285, 1223, 352, 1057, 3665, 253, 7343, 275, 247, 747, 1708, 13, 954, 651, 5194, 352, 2506, 457, 85, 16267, 253, 1067, 528, 22378, 327, 6696, 41967, 457, 84, 2471, 187, 187, 11241, 27, 831, 1501, 8523, 12877, 253, 22820, 14430, 281, 7532, 274, 28205, 28, 9414, 1214, 9088, 932, 15656, 2296, 352, 457, 84, 432, 19995, 15, 1893, 326, 2789, 436, 625, 17918, 1063, 457, 84, 391, 386, 285, 417, 1633, 432, 1097, 14516, 15, 844, 26012, 323, 253, 13583, 863, 2382, 15, 187, 187, 45484, 1063, 46446, 281, 1527, 8216, 457, 84, 921, 15, 29482, 15955, 5967, 27, 510, 187, 4347, 507, 422, 2022, 9853, 13, 671, 1925, 346, 510, 43767, 937, 310, 187, 783, 2499, 457, 84, 24762, 2798, 285, 4055, 187, 1171, 13790, 1495, 15, 380, 2216, 310, 407, 13016, 6805, 187, 15418, 329, 15, 7395, 249, 5493, 15, 733, 310, 253, 1659, 273, 4327, 323, 1142, 187, 483, 11806, 4712, 283, 783, 11293, 566, 420, 1889, 2269, 3013, 13, 187, 18686, 4202, 434, 12079, 1720, 20172, 16, 58, 472, 42656, 13, 34888, 13, 2628, 269, 3514, 13, 187, 39095, 16226, 13, 416, 2415, 36, 49351, 13, 285, 2714, 3394, 187, 255, 253, 7908, 36479, 15, 21696, 476, 320, 1119, 12392, 390, 2675, 3006, 187, 249, 253, 20586, 273, 697, 7139, 15, 11735, 3938, 272, 253, 13296, 273, 4377, 15948, 187, 187, 510, 13296, 273, 4377, 15948, 13, 521, 19538, 13, 3262, 460, 3764, 13, 285, 253, 44773, 273, 253, 12778, 5270, 310, 1512, 6446, 11273, 275, 776, 12786, 32884, 1962, 281, 320, 689, 394, 2924, 407, 11019, 5441, 20501, 521, 1077, 6242, 15, 1292, 4782, 11073, 12734, 22757, 388, 932, 455, 14177, 8791, 187, 187, 3, 14947, 84, 273, 15948, 3, 407, 22757, 388, 932, 455, 13, 247, 4782, 11073, 13, 4453, 387, 253, 6612, 285, 38671, 3212, 4377, 15948, 15, 187, 46, 1647, 187, 187, 510, 13296, 273, 4377, 15948, 13, 521, 19538, 13, 3262, 460, 3764, 13, 285, 253, 44773, 273, 253, 12778, 5270, 310, 1512, 6446, 11273, 275, 776, 12786, 32884, 1962, 281, 320, 689, 394, 2924, 407, 11019, 5441, 20501, 521, 1077, 6242, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 4782, 11073, 12734, 22757, 388, 932, 455, 14177, 8791, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 556, 3542, 271, 7126, 1984, 275, 773, 14947, 84, 273, 15948, 668, 970, 36703, 1497, 13, 40336, 285, 10346, 6127, 281, 5276, 326, 15948, 1620, 13164, 28, 285, 604, 344, 858, 13, 344, 1904, 457, 85, 28788, 667, 273, 253, 38209, 13, 17927, 14, 15700, 2370, 13, 18109, 46983, 13, 41023, 2987, 285, 247, 8014, 1107, 273, 29957, 326, 452, 8228, 598, 1475, 253, 25893, 4782, 27237, 15, 187, 187, 41, 932, 455, 24586, 436, 15, 3032, 33940, 34025, 41023, 281, 1405, 7866, 342, 2139, 344, 4159, 253, 1984, 15, 329, 2892, 9732, 387, 253, 18403, 275, 4693, 285, 2816, 285, 247, 2137, 305, 13429, 13, 344, 369, 4361, 773, 783, 6323, 28969, 382, 15948, 757, 2892, 668, 534, 643, 10123, 753, 5907, 773, 66, 21541, 13, 41023, 1083, 15, 733, 1904, 457, 85, 13, 285, 436, 34639, 479, 1425, 187, 187, 2598, 344, 12433, 1070, 1066, 281, 1089, 562, 752, 10950 ]	>`` must be equal to ``x`` or ``.``, as shown in the example. Example ------- From `the AUv3Synth example of JUCE 5.2.1 <https://github.com/McMartin/FRUT/blob/main/ generated/JUCE-5.2.1/examples/AUv3Synth/CMakeLists.txt#L68-L82>`_: .. code-block:: cmake :lineno-start: 68 jucer_project_files("AUv3Synth/Source/BinaryData" # Compile Xcode Binary File # Resource Resource . x . "Source/BinaryData/power.png" . . x "Source/BinaryData/proaudio.path" . . x "Source/BinaryData/singing.ogg" ) jucer_project_files("AUv3Synth/Source" # Compile Xcode Binary File # Resource Resource . . . "Source/MaterialLookAndFeel.h" . . . "Source/AUv3SynthEditor.h" x . . "Source/AUv3SynthProcessor.cpp" ) Roy Halladay’s death in a plane crash Tuesday prompted plenty of thoughtful tributes, a few less-than-perfectly-conceived ones, and then the terrible and offensive segment radio host Michael Felger (seen at left above) came up with on his show with Tony Massarotti on Boston’s 98.5 The Sports Hub Wednesday. Instead of mourning Halladay or respecting those who were, Felger decided to spend over 10 minutes blaming Halladay for his own death thanks to his decision to fly a plane, calling him a “moron” and a “jackass” who was “cavalier about life,” making plane crash noises and saying “I’ve got no sympathy for you,” and “he got what he deserved,” complaining about people calling this a tragedy, referencing this TMZ video, and mocking Dale Earnhardt’s 2001 death for good measure with an “I root for the wall.” Update: Felger has since been taken off NBC Sports Boston, which simulcasts his radio show, for a weekend: A statement from NBC Sports Boston on Michael Felger… pic.twitter.com/HsEfaM31QM — NBC Sports Boston (@NBCSBoston) November 10, 2017 There has been no discipline for Felger yet from The Sports Hub. The original post follows: Here’s the whole segment (part of the Hour 2 file, which can be found here): Some lowlights (all quotes from Felger, who did most of the ranting, unless specified otherwise): “It angers me. Someone, who, I don’t know, is so cavalier about life and just doesn’t appreciate the tenuousness of life and is willing to screw around with life and death? Especially when you have children, or a family?” “You’ve got to get your rocks off by whatever it is you do that cheats death.” “That guy’s like the bad guy to me. You’ve got a family! And you’re going to screw around in a little toy plane?” “When this guy went down in the plane yesterday, I said, ‘I don’t know the details, but hopefully this isn’t JFK Jr., somebody who doesn’t know what he’s doing, screwing around with a plane and killing himself for all intents and purposes.’ And it just sort of angers me. You care that little about your life? About the life of your family? Your little joyride is that important to you that you’re going to risk just dying?” “You’re a multimillionaire with a loving family, and to you, you have to go get that thing where you can divebomb from 100 feet to five above the water with your single-engine plane with your hand out the window. ‘Wheee! Wheee! Yeah, man, look at the G-force on this! I’m Maverick! Pew pew pew! Yeah, man, look at this, this is so cool.’ And you die! Splat!” “He’s not a militarily-trained pilot, he’s not a professionally-trained pilot, he’s a Joe Q. Citizen who buys a plane that folds up and you can put in your garage and that’s amphibious, ‘Wheee! Oh look, I just landed on the water, everybody! I’m going to tweet it!’ Splat. You’re dead. With two kids. Moron.” “I find it offensive that you’re that cavalier about life. That it’s more important that you’re going to get your rocks off.” “As a 40-year-old grown-ass man, you’re still doing that, to the point where you’ve got to get in planes and race cars and all that crap? I’m sorry, dude, you’re on your own. I’ve got no sympathy for you.” Jim Murray: “What bugs me about a story like this is when they use the word ‘tragedy.’ A tragedy is what happened at that church in Texas this past weekend, or an orphanage burning down. This? You know what the risks are! …If you’re a thrill-seeker and you die this way, you know the risks. It’s an unfortunate circumstance, not a tragedy.” Back to Felger: “I don’t want to blame the plane for the fact that the guy (a test pilot who was killed) wanted to dive-bomb through mountains! You idiot! ‘Yeah, let’s dive-bomb through mountains! Cause it’s cool, and I’m going to put my hand out the window! And I’m going to tweet it!’ Splat! That ain’t the plane’s fault. This thing that Halladay was doing, diving from 100 feet to five…idiot. Oh god.” “We’ve all done things we look back and regret. Like taking the little planes to Nantucket that have professional pilots. But they’re single-engine little Cessnas and sometimes the pilot’s like a 19-year old gal. ‘Gah! What am I doing!'” Felger wraps it up with a really bad shot at Earnhardt’s 2001 death: “Who was it, Dale Earnhardt, the race car driver who died? I root for the wall!” Massarotti also tweeted about this: If you haven't see the Halladay video, watch. And then try to tell me your thoughts haven't changed. — Tony Massarotti (@TonyMassarotti) November 8, 2017 The video in question is below and while it does frame the accident in a new light, most would agree it doesn’t excuse the callous commentary on Halladay’s death Update: This post initially attributed the tragedy quote to Massarotti; reader @therealspb says it’s from Murray. So that makes this more Felger’s rant and not something from both hosts. We apologize for the incorrect attribution. Felger apologized to open Thursday’s show. Via Funhouse:The expansive main quad, also called "The Yard," is the University’s symbolic heart and center of campus life. The design is by landscape architect David A. Willinston. It is the place of choice for many outdoor activities--the Commencement Exercises, Homecoming's Family Reunion/Yardfest, concerts, job fairs, student performances, ROTC drills, and special events at the flagpole. Students can be found studying or socializing in the shadows of its trees.Debunking the myth of King Arthur The myth of King Arthur, his queen, Guinevere, and the knights of the Round Table is too ingrained in our collective psyche to be overthrown by mere facts questioning his very existence. But British academic Professor Guy Halsall tries anyway "Worlds of Arthur" by Guy Halsall, a British academic, looks at the reality and myths behind King Arthur. MCT The myth of King Arthur, his queen, Guinevere, and the knights of the Round Table is too ingrained in our collective psyche to be overthrown by mere facts questioning his very existence. But British academic Professor Guy Halsall tries anyway. He has written an excellent book in “Worlds of Arthur” using archeology, manuscripts and migration patterns to prove that Arthur never existed; and if he did, he didn’t resemble any of the legends, pseudo-histories, romantic fantasies, scholarly works and a thousand years of publicity that have grown up around the legendary British warrior. Halsall understands this. His unusually readable scholarly tome starts with why he wrote the book. A history teacher at the universities in London and York and a war gamer, he was reading “the latest populist Arthurian history” which other reviews said offered “a plausible, scholarly case. It didn’t, and this annoyed me.” So he buckled down to find out what scientists
[ 9, 67, 8, 70, 1383, 337, 582, 187, 50270, 1092, 1387, 64, 3140, 64, 28662, 9, 3140, 64, 28662, 1228, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 23939, 64, 83, 4626, 64, 788, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 14, 19758, 615, 3401, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 28662, 426, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 1088, 9, 187, 50266, 13838, 2967, 30, 9819, 12519, 1381, 346, 15845, 30, 11238, 2227, 3677, 14, 11238, 2227, 1438, 13, 938, 4148, 14555, 14, 938, 4148, 16198, 7547, 535, 50270, 4, 2594, 1071, 22495, 12519, 40, 1507, 323, 8813, 187, 50270, 338, 2800, 15, 35389, 19, 27, 187, 50266, 20154, 426, 4579, 15, 20154, 15, 31666, 20455, 1082, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 20154, 426, 4579, 15, 20154, 15, 16721, 31666, 20455, 1082, 187, 50270, 20154, 15, 19261, 4464, 187, 50266, 3, 8590, 14, 2548, 27, 2462, 84, 61, 83, 61, 79, 61, 83, 61, 79, 3, 2462, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 6071, 64, 881, 481, 25950, 6649, 187, 50270, 20154, 15, 19261, 9, 3140, 64, 28662, 10, 535, 50270, 9723, 64, 8559, 426, 22109, 15, 10483, 1082, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 5088, 9, 9723, 64, 8559, 15, 261, 64, 9961, 40475, 6649, 50276, 4, 45985, 2451, 535, 50270, 44621, 6525, 426, 5230, 64, 8559, 15, 788, 64, 35704, 1082, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 5025, 9, 44621, 6525, 582, 374, 10, 535, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 44621, 6525, 60, 17, 45443, 8590, 14, 2548, 16445, 187, 50254, 346, 13259, 16, 22947, 292, 14, 4963, 2807, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 187, 50266, 44621, 6525, 60, 17, 45443, 8590, 14, 12519, 16445, 346, 15845, 12131, 2227, 3677, 14, 11238, 2227, 1438, 16, 21, 19332, 19042, 2807, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 44621, 6525, 60, 17, 1570, 788, 64, 35704, 9, 29377, 30, 5088, 582, 270, 3, 23342, 357, 4482, 4482, 2807, 535, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 44621, 6525, 60, 18, 45443, 8590, 14, 2548, 16445, 187, 50254, 346, 13259, 16, 22947, 292, 14, 4963, 2807, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 187, 50266, 44621, 6525, 60, 18, 45443, 8590, 14, 12519, 16445, 346, 15845, 1384, 4148, 14555, 14, 938, 4148, 16198, 16, 21, 19332, 19042, 2807, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 44621, 6525, 60, 18, 1570, 788, 64, 35704, 9, 29377, 30, 5088, 582, 270, 3, 4482, 4482, 67, 19533, 68, 2807, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 83, 4626, 64, 2377, 46830, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 14, 19758, 615, 14, 2377, 46830, 3401, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 28662, 426, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 1088, 9, 3281, 30, 31111, 475, 27277, 559, 374, 13, 187, 50254, 245, 50265, 10946, 30, 31111, 475, 27277, 475, 374, 428, 337, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 8850, 187, 50266, 9, 67, 8, 67, 1383, 337, 582, 187, 50266, 9, 67, 8, 68, 1383, 27277, 475, 27277, 582, 187, 50266, 9, 67, 1871, 1383, 337, 582, 187, 50270, 1092, 1387, 64, 3140, 64, 28662, 9, 3140, 64, 28662, 1228, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 292, 356, 64, 261, 64, 21049, 64, 88, 28016, 64, 13362, 64, 1171, 64, 292, 3544, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 4, 359, 452, 436, 2451, 275, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 788, 64, 19583, 64, 46830, 13, 1512, 13, 187, 50270, 4, 533, 12654, 326, 352, 6556, 323, 40526, 9762, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 14, 19758, 615, 3401, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 2073, 3, 6, 84, 27898, 2462, 1881, 15, 46830, 64, 19758, 615, 64, 292, 356, 13, 187, 50254, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 5374, 1082, 5013, 292, 356, 23405, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 292, 356, 64, 261, 64, 21049, 64, 88, 28016, 64, 13362, 64, 1171, 64, 292, 3544, 64, 2377, 21338, 6655, 9, 1286, 2262, 535, 50270, 1545, 288, 69, 9, 89, 2262, 187, 50266, 2309, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 89, 481, 15741, 49534, 5023, 25950, 2073, 29860, 3401, 535, 50270, 9127, 64, 292, 356, 426, 288, 69, 9, 13838, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 10, 559, 187, 50254, 50275, 13838, 9, 13838, 9, 67, 8, 67, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 10, 559, 187, 50254, 50272, 13838, 9, 13838, 9, 67, 8, 68, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 10, 559, 187, 50254, 50270, 288, 69, 9, 67, 1871, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 10689, 559, 187, 50254, 50275, 13838, 9, 67, 8, 70, 19279, 535, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 14, 19758, 615, 14, 2377, 46830, 3401, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 2073, 3, 6, 84, 27898, 2462, 3264, 64, 292, 356, 15, 29377, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50254, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 5374, 1082, 5013, 292, 356, 23405, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 292, 356, 64, 78, 1204, 1506, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 14367, 14, 292, 356, 2807, 187, 50270, 14626, 27, 187, 50266, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50262, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50258, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50258, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 686, 1439, 352, 1383, 187, 50258, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50262, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50262, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 16829, 19371, 4756, 347, 1486, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 8320, 13, 1486, 15, 8581, 10, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 24796, 1587, 35481, 19371, 4756, 533, 1904, 626, 755, 352, 2807, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 3281, 64, 78, 1204, 1506, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 14367, 14, 3281, 2807, 187, 50270, 14626, 27, 187, 50266, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50262, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50258, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 428, 337, 13, 187, 50258, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 5715, 187, 50258, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50262, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50262, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 16829, 19371, 4756, 347, 1486, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 8320, 13, 1486, 15, 8581, 10, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 24796, 1587, 35481, 19371, 4756, 533, 1904, 626, 755, 352, 2807, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 8780, 64, 292, 356, 64, 78, 1204, 1506, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 78, 1204, 1506, 14, 292, 356, 2807, 187, 50270, 14626, 27, 187, 50266, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50262, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50258, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50258, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 5715, 187, 50258, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50262, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50262, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 35450, 187, 50262, 13838, 2967, 11787, 8, 38, 7784, 5295, 686, 10311, 292, 5477, 649, 248, 339, 14908, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 16829, 19371, 4756, 347, 1486, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 28418, 13, 1486, 15, 8581, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 8780, 64, 292, 356, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 67, 14, 292, 356, 2807, 187, 50270, 292, 356, 64, 66, 426, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 1082, 187, 50270, 292, 356, 64, 67, 426, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 67, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 1082, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50266, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50262, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 1162, 356, 64, 66, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 3401, 2023, 551, 187, 50262, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 1162, 356, 64, 67, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 67, 11470, 187, 50266, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50266, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 35450, 187, 50266, 13838, 2967, 11787, 8, 38, 7784, 5295, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 4464, 292, 356, 64, 66, 559, 1162, 356, 64, 67, 481, 25950, 26910, 15741, 49534, 1082, 2311, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 64, 8581, 9, 1252, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 328, 30878, 64, 292, 356, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 328, 30878, 14, 292, 356, 2807, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50266, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50262, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 8256, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50266, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50266, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 64, 8581, 9, 1252, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 328, 30878, 64, 3281, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 328, 30878, 14, 3281, 2807, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50266, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50262, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 8256, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 5715, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50266, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50266, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 64, 8581, 9, 1252, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 2337, 4742, 64, 29429, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 3113, 14, 2337, 4742, 14, 29429, 2807, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50266, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 187, 50254, 50266, 434, 909, 64, 3113, 64, 6, 567, 64, 2337, 4742, 64, 1590, 11470, 187, 50266, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50266, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 64, 8581, 9, 1252, 10, 535, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 67, 8, 91, 8, 475, 884, 13, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 1088, 6649, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64 ]	(b'e', 1), ], group_file_contents(file_contents)) def test_slo_multi_ranged_get(self): file_item = self.env.container.file('manifest-abcde') file_contents = file_item.read( hdrs={"Range": "bytes=1048571-1048580,2097147-2097156"}) # See testMultiRangeGets for explanation if six.PY2: parser = email.parser.FeedParser() else: parser = email.parser.BytesFeedParser() parser.feed(( "Content-Type: %s\r\n\r\n" % file_item.content_type).encode()) parser.feed(file_contents) root_message = parser.close() self.assertTrue(root_message.is_multipart()) # sanity check byteranges = root_message.get_payload() self.assertEqual(len(byteranges), 2) self.assertEqual(byteranges[0]['Content-Type'], "application/octet-stream") self.assertEqual( byteranges[0]['Content-Range'], "bytes 1048571-1048580/4194305") self.assertEqual(byteranges[0].get_payload(decode=True), b"aaaaabbbbb") self.assertEqual(byteranges[1]['Content-Type'], "application/octet-stream") self.assertEqual( byteranges[1]['Content-Range'], "bytes 2097147-2097156/4194305") self.assertEqual(byteranges[1].get_payload(decode=True), b"bbbbbccccc") def test_slo_ranged_submanifest(self): file_item = self.env.container.file('manifest-abcde-submanifest') file_contents = file_item.read(size=1024 * 1024 + 2, offset=1024 * 1024 * 2 - 1) self.assertEqual([ (b'b', 1), (b'c', 1024 * 1024), (b'd', 1), ], group_file_contents(file_contents)) def test_slo_etag_is_quote_wrapped_hash_of_etags(self): # we have this check in test_slo_get_simple_manifest, too, # but verify that it holds for HEAD requests file_item = self.env.container.file('manifest-abcde') self.assertEqual('"%s"' % self.manifest_abcde_etag, file_item.info()['etag']) def test_slo_etag_is_quote_wrapped_hash_of_etags_submanifests(self): def hd(x): return hashlib.md5(x).hexdigest().encode('ascii') expected_etag = hd(hd(b'a' * 1024 * 1024) + hd(hd(b'b' * 1024 * 1024) + hd(hd(b'c' * 1024 * 1024) + hd(b'd' * 1024 * 1024))) + hd(b'e')) file_item = self.env.container.file('manifest-abcde-submanifest') self.assertEqual('"%s"' % expected_etag.decode('ascii'), file_item.info()['etag']) def test_slo_etag_mismatch(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-bad-etag") try: file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': 'not it', 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) except ResponseError as err: self.assertEqual(400, err.status) else: self.fail("Expected ResponseError but didn't get it") def test_slo_size_mismatch(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-bad-size") try: file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024 - 1, 'etag': hashlib.md5(b'a' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest(), 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) except ResponseError as err: self.assertEqual(400, err.status) else: self.fail("Expected ResponseError but didn't get it") def test_slo_client_etag_mismatch(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-mismatch-etag") try: file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': hashlib.md5(b'a' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest(), 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}, hdrs={'Etag': 'NOTetagofthesegments'}) except ResponseError as err: self.assertEqual(422, err.status) def test_slo_client_etag(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-b-etag") etag_a = hashlib.md5(b'a' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest() etag_b = hashlib.md5(b'b' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest() file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': etag_a, 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a')}, { 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': etag_b, 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_b'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}, hdrs={'Etag': hashlib.md5((etag_a + etag_b).encode()).hexdigest()}) self.assert_status(201) def test_slo_unspecified_etag(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-unspecified-etag") file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': None, 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) self.assert_status(201) def test_slo_unspecified_size(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-unspecified-size") file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': None, 'etag': hashlib.md5(b'a' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest(), 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) self.assert_status(201) def test_slo_funky_segment(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-with-funky-segment") file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_with_%ff_funky_name'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) self.assert_status(201) self.assertEqual(b'z' * 10, file_item.read()) def test_slo_
[ 2512, 369, 247, 1270, 23189, 981, 275, 253, 9539, 15, 187, 187, 3, 28645, 48570, 686, 70, 435, 310, 275, 634, 549, 339, 13, 8966, 13, 309, 1158, 368, 1833, 3153, 281, 923, 1529, 1388, 937, 3095, 19294, 15, 187, 187, 29473, 364, 47097, 23732, 314, 2820, 281, 755, 247, 1007, 13, 751, 247, 4370, 31702, 697, 8105, 15, 187, 187, 510, 14150, 574, 5966, 521, 1669, 11566, 825, 19723, 15, 38292, 812, 923, 326, 3707, 779, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 5103, 479, 327, 4096, 2, 1810, 517, 1661, 1476, 754, 6400, 264, 323, 14698, 13, 816, 347, 23259, 6400, 264, 323, 779, 13, 281, 33694, 521, 4430, 285, 3785, 779, 896, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4218, 78, 4834, 13, 9931, 15, 1422, 12758, 79, 626, 2118, 689, 25914, 449, 187, 187, 510, 14150, 369, 973, 285, 7777, 275, 627, 13, 45512, 987, 949, 253, 6399, 413, 257, 15, 187, 187, 3, 50195, 13, 686, 1123, 247, 1551, 13, 2301, 636, 15, 23203, 1537, 417, 971, 281, 1790, 1066, 281, 1551, 816, 2568, 13, 2167, 937, 3095, 1925, 13, 281, 2087, 22569, 15, 187, 187, 3, 5498, 626, 9012, 1476, 11853, 2010, 19294, 15, 346, 686, 53, 261, 247, 22820, 2, 754, 3198, 686, 261, 549, 339, 323, 8815, 15150, 285, 256, 770, 249, 8, 387, 253, 13384, 21583, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 686, 38, 4453, 247, 2372, 751, 247, 8588, 87, 1351, 13, 1053, 626, 686, 70, 13, 38435, 8, 326, 2181, 7356, 249, 8, 562, 258, 8, 686, 303, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 434, 247, 4030, 8105, 22676, 9094, 1694, 627, 13, 278, 8, 20305, 2, 23203, 1007, 751, 479, 17767, 687, 7337, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 627, 320, 247, 25427, 11755, 14, 13565, 650, 1312, 9094, 1849, 7351, 2400, 627, 13, 14698, 2, 6272, 368, 1469, 281, 5752, 779, 598, 11608, 865, 187, 187, 36945, 369, 44397, 285, 3168, 14, 28619, 342, 6966, 15, 3032, 3564, 497, 36316, 15, 346, 15021, 352, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 56, 302, 434, 352, 1928, 751, 13, 278, 8, 20305, 865, 11853, 2546, 253, 16545, 6203, 8966, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 31835, 1476, 344, 753, 13, 31283, 9861, 285, 16172, 90, 433, 15, 1244, 247, 2372, 48515, 15, 346, 48839, 247, 2372, 13, 2686, 449, 754, 369, 2509, 271, 50063, 2628, 273, 417, 47012, 13, 2167, 352, 5604, 3261, 347, 2167, 344, 3078, 281, 15, 1244, 23259, 3260, 253, 1007, 273, 247, 637, 665, 651, 16487, 387, 667, 2774, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3074, 987, 15, 2064, 434, 2217, 937, 344, 21939, 264, 15, 346, 4678, 9802, 36544, 13, 24173, 15, 1244, 16901, 937, 344, 2879, 6871, 1037, 342, 247, 19779, 285, 8042, 1007, 275, 308, 507, 90, 5682, 28287, 434, 3884, 13, 3692, 15944, 18436, 432, 521, 15, 14566, 644, 8413, 8736, 1078, 13, 2167, 47421, 417, 342, 271, 14150, 13, 23259, 574, 247, 1175, 2968, 273, 25528, 323, 352, 15, 346, 2513, 634, 3392, 387, 1728, 13, 5767, 31235, 2191, 865, 344, 1925, 15, 187, 187, 14866, 22138, 31235, 2191, 434, 3392, 369, 253, 3874, 7345, 15, 187, 187, 3, 510, 1735, 3874, 689, 13, 18723, 247, 6858, 937, 703, 753, 14938, 2920, 15, 187, 187, 42, 266, 21374, 15, 3032, 13574, 1499, 26515, 15, 346, 17534, 973, 15, 309, 878, 3578, 10086, 285, 13027, 4618, 15986, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 5543, 16093, 8, 52, 28281, 13, 6701, 281, 5767, 5682, 28287, 13, 23259, 1119, 2994, 327, 521, 3564, 285, 15746, 9257, 34705, 271, 14150, 432, 253, 1781, 3168, 17134, 35443, 273, 247, 41750, 35025, 637, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 369, 10090, 562, 13, 11372, 628, 13, 327, 247, 23069, 15, 13771, 751, 247, 650, 1312, 387, 247, 8913, 21118, 13, 275, 958, 15, 23259, 434, 15986, 13750, 4105, 6203, 8966, 275, 247, 9096, 13, 22513, 281, 779, 13, 41435, 779, 432, 253, 9539, 15, 20877, 413, 257, 369, 36756, 1977, 36166, 342, 247, 12798, 15, 23259, 19031, 521, 42911, 387, 779, 285, 17189, 779, 281, 5484, 15, 754, 369, 1677, 247, 23603, 342, 534, 281, 278, 23831, 521, 39783, 15, 1244, 672, 253, 14150, 369, 10375, 13, 344, 369, 3961, 2961, 519, 14790, 314, 13, 984, 23259, 574, 3058, 281, 513, 352, 18660, 273, 2069, 1078, 1309, 253, 2137, 15, 187, 187, 27537, 8966, 1904, 626, 16487, 13, 533, 352, 369, 247, 2822, 2181, 15, 187, 187, 3, 5035, 253, 7345, 436, 7237, 13, 604, 368, 476, 937, 23259, 17189, 253, 23293, 13, 17256, 1520, 8966, 15, 187, 187, 36945, 369, 3168, 285, 259, 804, 272, 521, 3564, 13, 46115, 327, 253, 46413, 273, 253, 9096, 15, 346, 42, 1353, 7016, 15, 309, 1353, 594, 7016, 13, 309, 1353, 594, 7016, 13, 309, 1353, 594, 7016, 15, 309, 1904, 626, 1599, 352, 13, 8966, 13, 309, 1353, 594, 7016, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 1892, 10450, 449, 11643, 369, 502, 6390, 533, 2849, 10779, 528, 275, 16172, 6147, 3335, 15, 346, 4045, 368, 18607, 281, 5310, 399, 814, 1247, 1735, 865, 187, 187, 42, 266, 17571, 14698, 407, 253, 24784, 285, 7320, 779, 9255, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2347, 275, 253, 19867, 7085, 858, 326, 5108, 32, 1422, 1472, 247, 1805, 5103, 685, 326, 13, 14698, 15, 3105, 347, 1175, 347, 309, 717, 13, 10748, 13, 533, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 42, 266, 3260, 849, 352, 574, 4592, 15, 2207, 2139, 352, 574, 4592, 15, 754, 3078, 281, 4089, 352, 432, 253, 637, 2994, 15, 187, 187, 36945, 12491, 275, 247, 1048, 6345, 285, 26004, 3256, 24050, 1598, 13, 19031, 272, 521, 3564, 3676, 715, 521, 21371, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 434, 816, 964, 964, 964, 23259, 13, 352, 434, 973, 964, 964, 964, 352, 434, 816, 964, 964, 964, 973, 13, 1007, 387, 617, 937, 344, 753, 342, 278, 31377, 44089, 15, 346, 42, 1053, 626, 971, 281, 1158, 253, 1039, 309, 1158, 13, 23259, 15, 309, 1663, 1053, 626, 13, 533, 964, 964, 964, 1007, 387, 617, 449, 187, 187, 14866, 5682, 28287, 369, 259, 804, 272, 617, 3564, 13, 285, 247, 1355, 9539, 273, 2872, 1821, 497, 480, 493, 1981, 1016, 643, 323, 253, 10390, 273, 45113, 617, 15, 4325, 835, 344, 6225, 344, 812, 923, 253, 5101, 17834, 745, 253, 12330, 37920, 272, 275, 253, 18803, 273, 617, 1943, 2927, 15, 4058, 45788, 2406, 5541, 369, 36316, 15, 1500, 3261, 2410, 1763, 5356, 940, 376, 9932, 13, 323, 3095, 594, 18024, 387, 269, 297, 42424, 778, 3296, 15, 187, 187, 688, 3223, 314, 13, 247, 2716, 14, 3088, 5282, 1133, 46748, 84, 497, 19031, 562, 281, 617, 15, 1500, 3261, 598, 13, 1579, 4239, 314, 14442, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 703, 434, 3965, 13, 512, 987, 937, 23259, 753, 22072, 314, 15, 187, 187, 4678, 18615, 731, 369, 247, 1355, 26994, 273, 10753, 13, 512, 273, 3692, 37111, 574, 4783, 1892, 285, 11593, 285, 3692, 6174, 497, 13405, 2439, 616, 1161, 7752, 15, 23259, 369, 17328, 273, 369, 793, 670, 281, 47025, 15, 187, 187, 3, 41774, 32, 1500, 434, 271, 23087, 1476, 14698, 15045, 13, 327, 271, 562, 34785, 288, 2345, 15, 346, 2598, 21140, 285, 2238, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1353, 417, 2176, 686, 1258, 27263, 8, 285, 686, 11258, 1255, 8, 403, 39882, 13, 14698, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 476, 3365, 2028, 703, 556, 247, 2798, 273, 5328, 15, 6975, 617, 4707, 964, 964, 17212, 344, 753, 7156, 1031, 15, 187, 187, 42, 266, 24145, 521, 9881, 11834, 521, 11480, 13, 285, 14698, 3261, 9861, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 5103, 6203, 8966, 984, 703, 434, 271, 23087, 32, 309, 1158, 368, 452, 634, 12916, 264, 14965, 13477, 15, 733, 434, 9167, 301, 665, 24628, 32299, 18159, 387, 952, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 369, 271, 7343, 2, 309, 369, 31564, 15, 1500, 369, 964, 964, 964, 703, 858, 964, 964, 964, 703, 858, 1633, 281, 36815, 479, 13, 1339, 434, 816, 3553, 352, 387, 326, 15, 1500, 753, 549, 5316, 90, 369, 617, 7583, 9678, 273, 512, 15, 2064, 642, 581, 3261, 625, 751, 247, 11308, 7122, 685, 342, 247, 6026, 285, 14150, 15, 1244, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 368, 964, 964, 964, 3078, 281, 320, 247, 11308, 7122, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4527, 2282, 2, 14815, 79, 626, 368, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1989, 9167, 301, 310, 253, 47498, 342, 18159, 13, 285, 344, 434, 247, 4688, 1652, 6858, 449, 187, 187, 36945, 21374, 342, 385, 25449, 318, 15, 346, 42, 1158, 368, 1472, 5816, 619, 1127, 13, 11918, 444, 3025, 66, 15, 1737, 5082, 626, 368, 513, 323, 247, 3416, 751, 326, 32, 309, 1557, 323, 619, 10092, 460, 342, 512, 619, 2798, 15, 1244, 2568, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 42, 266, 3261, 689, 627, 969, 13, 285, 1119, 5767, 5682, 28287, 2819, 521, 1039, 13, 617, 2927, 6627, 285, 2830, 635, 1014, 432, 326, 4181, 15, 1284, 604, 703, 3078, 281, 923, 521, 4743, 273, 617, 3045, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 5439, 521, 1133, 275, 247, 16105, 13, 256, 472, 5120, 1652, 3779, 1137, 15, 187, 187, 2993, 3534, 617, 1481, 247, 1652, 15331, 285, 40763, 8140, 27194, 1977, 253, 1133, 46748, 84, 19031, 387, 617, 15, 308, 2878, 264, 617, 1481, 598, 285, 5907, 598, 247, 11820, 15873, 8580, 281, 253, 9539, 273, 1821, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 253, 46413, 273, 534, 6225, 10092, 460, 775, 1875, 285, 22138, 31235, 2191, 13, 665, 3261, 1077, 7378, 281, 5310, 617, 342, 271, 14150, 15, 23259, 369, 13224, 616, 13698, 651, 320, 11527, 13, 285, 13224, 5767, 5682, 28287, 651, 10380, 8773, 13, 984, 604, 2455, 627, 369, 247, 37579, 13, 703, 369, 581, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 369, 271, 4722, 1953, 13, 2299, 13, 326, 14698, 574, 22691, 15, 23259, 574, 2218, 247, 2257, 281, 755, 247, 3416, 15, 38733, 1633, 11213, 10984, 90, 323, 247, 3416, 13, 275, 1340, 281, 21097, 247, 3416, 13, 2299, 13, 390, 6233, 617, 2743, 964, 964, 964, 1620, 15, 9018, 574, 344, 1160, 247, 11213, 273, 2994, 323, 247, 3416, 15, 5595, 273, 521, 2021, 4242, 281, 9446, 344, 574, 247, 41585, 29642, 247, 13915, 4618, 15, 754, 1871, 1620, 1925, 3780, 562, 285, 344, 1871, 1620, 2568, 644, 1925, 562, 13, 2167, 253, 46709, 574, 2624, 352, 1077, 4030, 15, 754, 1871, 1620, 3663, 521, 2564, 689, 247, 3416, 13, 2167, 344, 1871, 4829, 3663, 521, 1495, 689, 581, 285, 574, 5604, 3663, 521, 24027, 2378, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 1871, 1620, 3663, 521, 2564, 281, 253, 1127, 835, 344, 1871, 5103, 3780, 342, 271, 14150, 689, 581, 13, 326, 1199, 369, 2176, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1158, 368, 878, 247, 5484, 13, 14698, 15, 309, 1158, 359, 512, 878, 247, 5484, 15, 1244, 368, 1682, 1056, 2119, 8966, 7777, 7175, 1644, 368, 15, 4923, 253, 1735, 7324, 310, 9602, 13, 285, 309, 3047, 2217, 27771, 486, 1309, 253, 2137, 449, 187, 187, 10810, 41, 37681, 8017, 45236, 644, 512, 253, 13827, 10678, 597, 1871, 2218, 281, 16359, 31494, 1070, 22614, 846, 253, 14150, 7119, 13, 390, 4931, 352, 369, 984, 417, 2217, 10678, 574, 644, 2218, 275, 253, 11772, 273, 253, 14150, 7119, 13, 533, 5010, 10861, 1020, 10880, 3767, 497, 9602, 14816, 2920, 4618, 273, 253, 1616, 15, 6061, 285, 689, 285, 689, 15, 187, 187, 1898, 253, 1616, 2303, 369, 271, 19126, 13, 33055, 751, 247, 45592, 387, 581, 4289, 268, 1951, 15, 187, 187, 3726, 12293, 598, 13, 581, 407, 581, 15, 187, 187, 2809, 302, 13, 581, 407, 581, 15, 187, 187, 1898, 9829, 13, 581, 407, 581, 13, 969, 285, 969, 285, 969, 15, 187, 187, 510, 19126, 6376, 13031, 5356, 6032, 285, 2644, 285, 20786, 3163, 1965, 15138, 275, 253, 23993, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1053, 626, 871, 752, 253, 7596, 310, 937, 23259, 30807, 15, 346, 3404, 436, 2281, 13, 604, 359, 512, 3058, 281, 5310, 776, 2739, 275, 1340, 281, 11883, 13, 359, 1871, 4177, 306, 449, 187, 187, 1328, 651, 452, 7636, 281, 5310, 352, 15, 733, 369, 824, 271, 3477, 2303, 13, 285, 344, 369, 824, 247, 10861, 1020, 5103, 13, 285, 344, 3543, 18195, 275, 247, 2774, 326, 369, 1097, 22544, 285, 34019, 15, 380, 19126, 3058, 9602, 13, 323, 2656, 434, 13232, 15, 187, 187, 18291, 1529, 419, 18628, 12417, 386, 12293, 598, 281, 3289, 13, 285, 9829 ]	There was a great murmuring in the crowd. "Unless yer 'eart is in your arse, Henry, I think you'll live to see another day," someone shouted. Henry whirled vainly trying to get a look, like a dog chasing its tail. The arrow had entered his left buttock cheek. Everybody could see that except him. "He shot me on purpose! Scoundrel!" He lunged for Simon, just as Ian lunged for him, to seize his arm and pull him back. "Calm yourself, lad. You oughtn't move overmuch." The arrow was well and truly in there, piercing right through the nankeen. "Aye, 'ave a rest, milord. Ye might not want to sit down to rest just yet, though," someone called, to general laughter. "Don't laugh!" somebody else shouted. " 'Tis a tragedy! He needs 'is arse for horse riding and sittin' at the pub chairs!" " 'E looks a bit like a weathervane, don't 'e, wi' that thing stickin' out o' 'im?" "That's a fine tail feather ye got there, m'lord! Ye look like me prize rooster!" "That there be a mighty funny-looking grouse ye've bagged there, Simon! Are you going to serve him up tonight?" Simon was wretched and white-faced with shock. His hands were trembling. "Stop it!" "Wot's it feel like, m'lord?" somebody asked the wounded Lord Henry. "It hurts!" he said, sounding surprised and martyred. And a bit intrigued. "Quite a bit, actually." He was doing an admirable job of not weeping, though it certainly looked as though he wanted to. And Ian knew the look of a man who would faint at any moment. "All right. That's enough," he barked. "Behave yourselves, gentlemen. And ladies," he added ironically with a swift and pointed look in Tansy Danforth's direction, whose gaze fled from his. Having been skewered before, though admittedly not with an arrow, Ian had a good deal of sympathy for it. "Is your father at home, Miss Pitney?" he called. Miss Amy Pitney's father was the town doctor. "The next town over, delivering a baby," she said regretfully. Ian sighed. His shoulders slumped. "Very well. I need ten tall and preferably wide volunteers . . ." AND THAT'S HOW, thanks to Miss Danforth, Ian found himself on his hands and knees carefully extracting an arrow from the large white hindquarter of a whimpering man. He was laid out, facedown, on a blanket. Rather like a grouse at a banquet, in fact. Ian's volunteers surrounded poor Lord Henry in a circle, backs to him, shielding him from the crowd. Nankeen was trimmed away neatly with a knife. Ian thrust his flask at him and instructed him to drink. He was given a rag with which to muffle his screams. And when the arrow was extracted, he was bandaged adroitly, because Ian had needed to do it dozens of times before during the war. Lord Henry didn't faint, but it was a near thing. "See the doctor this evening, if you can," Ian instructed the unfortunate, punctured Henry. Simon was white and wringing his hands, hovering on the outskirts of the circle. "I'm sorry. I'm so sorry, I'm so sorry, I'm so sorry. I didn't mean it, Henry, I'm so sorry." "No hard feelings." Harry was clipped but magnanimous in martyrdom. "Do you intend to shoot Duggan next?" Ian seized Simon by the elbow and pulled him aside. "How in the bloody hell did that happen? You're a better shot than that, Simon. Not as good as I am, naturally, but . . ." Ian knew how it had happened. Or why it had happened. He wanted to hear it from the man himself. Simon drew in a long breath and exhaled miserably, thrusting his hands deep into his pockets. "It's just . . . Ian, it's well . . . it's just . . . well, look at her," he said with muffled anguish. "I don't want to think the way I think, Ian. I really don't, but . . . look at her." Miss Danforth was wringing her hands, and a small crowd of young men were jostling each other for the honor of comforting her. From where he stood he could see the sun glance off the tears glittering in the corners of her big eyes. Her lush lower lip was trembling. She looked convincingly distraught, for someone so skilled at fomenting mayhem. Instantly, a half-dozen handkerchiefs were thrust out to her. She looked up, limpidly grateful. "Oh, she's pretty, all right," Ian said grimly. Behind them was a small knot of females, all of whose mouths had gone hard and horizontal and whose arms were crossed across their chests. Ian was reminded of wasps about to swarm. "Pretty? She's an angel!" Simon corrected, on an outraged hush. "So delicate and kind." "I'm not certain 'flattery' and 'kindness' are synonymous, Simon." "You can simply tell she has a heart of gold. Like her hair . . ." he said dreamily. Ian snapped his fingers beneath his nose, and Simon looked surprised. "You shot Lord Henry because she's an angel? I think you have your winged beings confused. It's Cupid who supposedly shoots arrows at people." "It was an accident! I was distracted. She was . . . she did . . . she did something to distract me, let's just leave it at that. She said archery was her favorite sport of all. That no one looked more like a Greek god than with a bow and arrow. And . . ." "And you . . . wanted to be a Greek god?" "Of course! Wouldn't you?" "But Cupid is the deity with arrows, and he's a fat little baby." Simon sighed with exasperation. "I think you're missing my point, Captain Eversea. What wouldn't you do for a woman like that? I care for my Josephine with all my heart. And yet . . ." Ian looked over there again, and found Miss Danforth looking his way, her eyes bright and silvery even from that distance. As if she wanted to see his opinion of her performance. He raised his hand in a subtle, sardonic little salute. She gave her head a little toss and graciously waved away the handkerchiefs thrust at her. Tilted her head up and offered up a tremulous smile to the crowd of men. On the outskirts of which stood Josephine Charing and Amy Pitney, who looked very willing to shoot her with an arrow. Ian was confident their aims would be terrible, and confident Miss Danforth would somehow escape, because if ever there was a survivor, she was one. It was an interesting question, however, that Simon had posed. Ian had done a lot to get a woman. Doing something foolhardy for a woman, in order to impress a woman, however, or earn her regard . . . never. Never had he made a fool of himself for a woman. Most of his family failed to recognize he had a pragmatic streak a mile wide. He'd never called anyone out and he'd never yet been called out, though the duke had cut it very fine. He'd never lost his mind over a woman, though he'd nearly lost his life over one and had certainly lost his dignity once. He'd never lost his mind to the point where he'd shot anyone with an arrow over one, that much was certain. "I think you need a drink, Simon. I think we all need a drink. And you best make sure Henry truly forgives you. Because the next competition is shooting, and I saw enough carnage during the war." PERHAPS IT HAD been all the stiff drinking they'd done to settle rattled nerves after the arrow incident, or perhaps it was because not enough drinking had been done in the wake of the arrow incident, but otherwise skillful marksmen were shooting shamefully wide of the mark. Over and over and over. And the mark target was an apple, glowing like a beacon at one hundred paces. They stepped up, one by one. Shot, one by one. And missed, one by one, again and again and again. The apple remained mockingly smooth and whole and gleamed improbably in the sunlight. "I don't know what the trouble is," Ian muttered. "At this rate, if we all needed to shoot our food in order to survive, we'd starve." He would have loved to shoot it. It was such an easy target, and he was such a skillful shot, and he felt trapped in a moment that was both dull and embarrassing. The apple needed shooting, for God's sake. Yet another hapless contestant stepped up to fire, and missed
[ 342, 247, 3644, 29970, 574, 12293, 432, 253, 12195, 273, 253, 21175, 7139, 13, 247, 5654, 46137, 275, 521, 18976, 274, 1070, 3564, 2, 187, 187, 19658, 721, 187, 187, 49, 1400, 20604, 7500, 1410, 25692, 1410, 187, 187, 3, 5804, 626, 368, 2096, 7871, 865, 253, 1711, 637, 15665, 13, 26441, 342, 5798, 14, 3022, 29134, 432, 253, 39411, 273, 21175, 7139, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3650, 672, 309, 1353, 15153, 1066, 247, 11129, 1930, 387, 767, 4289, 6574, 271, 4964, 1476, 42778, 10017, 15, 346, 7845, 13, 651, 368, 2564, 13458, 326, 35996, 275, 690, 643, 3884, 32, 733, 1537, 564, 745, 449, 187, 187, 510, 1711, 637, 17892, 253, 35694, 13, 533, 253, 22072, 3104, 273, 521, 1488, 34269, 13, 16269, 90, 2454, 858, 417, 7921, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3633, 598, 1476, 344, 26814, 13, 354, 38699, 617, 342, 253, 25283, 273, 521, 5536, 7491, 15, 346, 3633, 562, 273, 1060, 2, 309, 1912, 626, 452, 368, 390, 667, 643, 1629, 1321, 327, 619, 2867, 449, 187, 187, 3, 5872, 1581, 479, 281, 1056, 247, 14876, 937, 25995, 42778, 26757, 5954, 15, 346, 12501, 598, 1529, 23186, 273, 2534, 3026, 6371, 285, 368, 1833, 452, 731, 512, 275, 253, 4675, 1476, 187, 187, 2993, 2206, 598, 13, 27143, 314, 3543, 273, 617, 1669, 23469, 285, 840, 3407, 281, 16463, 8762, 432, 617, 18553, 15, 346, 8917, 368, 923, 479, 1056, 253, 6923, 865, 703, 2546, 15, 346, 42, 2335, 352, 816, 751, 247, 294, 25313, 254, 15, 2207, 513, 309, 1599, 247, 20001, 4415, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 1160, 247, 1077, 19328, 6923, 1476, 344, 851, 7551, 15, 346, 42, 812, 452, 2218, 1805, 4266, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 17377, 598, 342, 13241, 1600, 15, 346, 4013, 13, 513, 368, 21114, 865, 187, 187, 3463, 436, 673, 703, 642, 3356, 369, 9202, 273, 253, 1711, 637, 13, 604, 6296, 703, 574, 2455, 644, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 13, 309, 1053, 626, 21114, 1476, 344, 9577, 34456, 314, 15, 346, 4125, 24284, 598, 2, 5057, 1110, 1629, 261, 745, 285, 1265, 4886, 2, 309, 1833, 417, 3343, 512, 1388, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 3407, 281, 440, 13871, 253, 1048, 288, 781, 590, 30451, 13, 533, 342, 642, 39284, 921, 273, 48326, 15, 1500, 17377, 1095, 8140, 670, 253, 8762, 90, 1673, 15, 743, 1711, 17914, 6225, 417, 2080, 1977, 15, 33007, 504, 352, 281, 8736, 247, 1270, 8031, 273, 5534, 534, 4925, 4829, 347, 1029, 347, 253, 10699, 15, 11970, 253, 7139, 703, 7270, 247, 27105, 273, 247, 8588, 14, 31975, 2412, 17216, 342, 11283, 1095, 1981, 826, 91, 1031, 432, 253, 20098, 19114, 2191, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 42778, 369, 5001, 352, 13, 703, 3047, 247, 10299, 273, 3295, 387, 581, 273, 253, 8323, 15, 329, 3226, 665, 1537, 452, 644, 617, 1211, 2363, 574, 617, 2454, 13661, 1411, 253, 41288, 15, 41583, 42778, 434, 15944, 2220, 617, 13, 703, 3407, 281, 1056, 14462, 534, 812, 417, 320, 7192, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1711, 637, 671, 3531, 521, 1481, 281, 1007, 2584, 253, 17216, 15, 41853, 13, 253, 3226, 15159, 432, 253, 3497, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2513, 326, 835, 368, 3153, 865, 39257, 42778, 15, 187, 187, 20576, 273, 22291, 13, 253, 1711, 637, 17571, 617, 407, 253, 1133, 285, 7320, 617, 281, 617, 4669, 15, 187, 187, 3, 6826, 1476, 344, 26814, 15, 346, 1898, 1053, 626, 1339, 479, 5834, 368, 1060, 969, 1476, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 943, 2122, 617, 1629, 261, 285, 4395, 2584, 253, 19354, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2598, 7016, 281, 452, 13572, 634, 5322, 8762, 937, 703, 46446, 15, 346, 42, 1833, 1611, 417, 281, 40209, 515, 969, 449, 187, 187, 36, 2040, 1981, 762, 253, 2534, 3026, 6371, 19354, 13, 42778, 851, 83, 2575, 617, 1039, 598, 253, 14679, 281, 253, 1127, 327, 253, 11693, 835, 703, 574, 2668, 253, 3430, 1614, 15, 1707, 703, 32360, 285, 4720, 4425, 281, 2940, 327, 281, 253, 401, 26163, 8614, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 4282, 665, 326, 3226, 369, 387, 253, 3497, 865, 42778, 11392, 347, 703, 492, 438, 2400, 2112, 15, 346, 2993, 3261, 1512, 2872, 281, 320, 8937, 1536, 1886, 254, 434, 6122, 15, 1244, 752, 369, 703, 2820, 281, 2028, 479, 865, 187, 187, 510, 1895, 369, 1512, 3676, 323, 617, 281, 8415, 15, 1292, 703, 1160, 598, 617, 2564, 703, 651, 1642, 6827, 15, 23549, 2191, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 38493, 1711, 637, 347, 3517, 347, 703, 4895, 281, 253, 40486, 15, 187, 187, 1785, 5250, 253, 401, 26163, 8614, 13, 42778, 24805, 617, 1629, 261, 24922, 275, 247, 8762, 17703, 2822, 253, 2914, 3369, 13, 285, 2427, 3304, 15, 1500, 1119, 5972, 275, 247, 1048, 16612, 387, 253, 990, 273, 534, 369, 247, 1270, 8805, 39696, 342, 247, 2716, 15676, 2412, 327, 253, 4089, 394, 15, 11590, 25637, 275, 4759, 36137, 285, 27188, 16020, 35197, 264, 281, 285, 8954, 15, 329, 2087, 10576, 273, 2425, 591, 87, 7917, 253, 1659, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 42778, 369, 44520, 670, 13, 703, 3047, 7903, 460, 11418, 3553, 271, 26225, 285, 1705, 7808, 2439, 253, 16612, 15, 380, 20453, 651, 417, 452, 2326, 617, 574, 703, 417, 13452, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2347, 513, 368, 513, 13, 5767, 11418, 15, 309, 1904, 626, 1902, 281, 923, 368, 1060, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 5767, 19838, 1476, 380, 20453, 8, 2454, 369, 253, 5406, 273, 25813, 15, 346, 42, 1849, 574, 253, 954, 44397, 30181, 42460, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 13, 752, 556, 4592, 865, 39257, 42778, 13, 3738, 703, 1869, 703, 3260, 253, 3662, 281, 617, 1953, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1849, 816, 2326, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 449, 5767, 11418, 18561, 2400, 715, 253, 24484, 273, 247, 14093, 321, 8140, 598, 11171, 296, 2122, 277, 7603, 631, 285, 18274, 617, 1481, 896, 1411, 253, 36100, 15, 187, 187, 3, 7093, 4572, 1904, 626, 1614, 562, 347, 368, 3264, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 5082, 626, 1918, 479, 253, 629, 15, 388, 366, 1020, 1711, 23244, 2, 754, 1014, 9284, 281, 1581, 479, 281, 7568, 849, 973, 309, 812, 1239, 253, 3104, 2, 1244, 344, 753, 690, 1077, 50124, 1841, 281, 479, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 310, 1512, 3076, 937, 4895, 42778, 12514, 4349, 85, 1037, 15, 346, 1276, 588, 368, 513, 1024, 32, 3617, 896, 1728, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1053, 626, 871, 937, 253, 3416, 10017, 275, 25813, 15, 346, 42, 651, 3297, 604, 309, 1869, 309, 812, 1818, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 434, 4743, 15, 3166, 368, 1158, 309, 812, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 10095, 626, 22276, 352, 4266, 15, 4683, 2282, 13, 309, 1053, 626, 871, 2712, 670, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 434, 1077, 2660, 27569, 15, 11243, 604, 309, 4934, 15105, 272, 779, 344, 651, 4720, 1918, 479, 247, 4839, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 352, 1537, 320, 4409, 2820, 937, 42778, 753, 5545, 2920, 15, 346, 1989, 309, 1158, 604, 309, 497, 368, 309, 651, 1091, 1728, 449, 187, 187, 3, 3074, 273, 619, 3858, 588, 9012, 387, 479, 15, 1583, 1869, 352, 369, 24924, 281, 1705, 562, 1060, 347, 352, 369, 15, 309, 476, 626, 564, 896, 15, 309, 717, 21802, 281, 2118, 1066, 281, 436, 8614, 594, 309, 1833, 320, 2104, 281, 1978, 275, 5181, 342, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 342, 1679, 10183, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 434, 247, 1077, 5322, 2819, 8614, 937, 20503, 42778, 15, 346, 5892, 3134, 13, 309, 1849, 644, 2183, 449, 187, 187, 3, 688, 253, 921, 2136, 581, 1364, 1978, 598, 18655, 387, 512, 2105, 937, 10017, 5767, 11418, 15, 346, 42, 2868, 309, 1833, 40279, 670, 253, 4142, 449, 187, 187, 6175, 42778, 13308, 13, 253, 20453, 13405, 689, 281, 253, 8597, 285, 10062, 342, 247, 21334, 15, 496, 247, 1355, 3906, 2810, 407, 13, 26378, 401, 26163, 285, 24611, 28200, 812, 320, 2326, 275, 21183, 15, 1583, 497, 268, 4263, 689, 247, 3977, 1063, 13, 8505, 12669, 2136, 8553, 15, 187, 187, 14866, 11418, 4895, 275, 247, 2774, 15, 346, 42, 1849, 2668, 247, 2316, 937, 703, 6138, 15, 346, 42, 476, 626, 7848, 352, 13, 533, 309, 717, 2509, 352, 8791, 449, 187, 187, 3, 12978, 368, 320, 2104, 281, 8722, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 309, 1833, 1408, 598, 247, 6007, 285, 840, 1339, 731, 1611, 281, 4822, 1476, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 37432, 387, 253, 20453, 342, 21332, 7001, 1003, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 13353, 1053, 626, 1599, 368, 651, 21547, 809, 42433, 253, 8614, 865, 187, 187, 3, 3650, 594, 11216, 390, 253, 21334, 588, 4089, 368, 937, 5767, 11418, 14315, 15, 346, 1898, 1053, 626, 897, 824, 271, 19513, 3159, 15, 1310, 309, 2659, 253, 629, 342, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 13, 273, 2282, 309, 1833, 2075, 15, 1310, 417, 1128, 783, 9065, 597, 476, 513, 310, 281, 4710, 479, 562, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 753, 642, 625, 533, 617, 4743, 273, 5767, 11418, 574, 31206, 2067, 417, 2706, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 403, 368, 2509, 1060, 865, 253, 20453, 39257, 13, 4541, 6890, 253, 2256, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 309, 816, 2210, 1066, 281, 1007, 689, 253, 8614, 15, 733, 434, 1077, 1863, 1164, 90, 13, 533, 309, 751, 6827, 15, 23549, 2191, 434, 1659, 1805, 449, 187, 187, 14866, 11418, 3531, 281, 3553, 15, 346, 42, 717, 1469, 896, 627, 1024, 281, 2451, 562, 937, 703, 8884, 15, 346, 17304, 368, 751, 281, 2940, 2112, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 13, 5717, 368, 13, 309, 1833, 816, 3297, 1060, 285, 1551, 323, 247, 1643, 2909, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 574, 642, 1524, 4096, 275, 3551, 281, 253, 401, 26163, 8614, 15, 1500, 7960, 574, 644, 14338, 281, 923, 752, 352, 369, 751, 15, 4952, 247, 15120, 15981, 1160, 352, 2590, 326, 6827, 15, 23549, 2191, 434, 16453, 1652, 40486, 1620, 812, 15639, 342, 824, 247, 42570, 13701, 15, 187, 187, 2993, 5421, 253, 9365, 273, 253, 7732, 275, 253, 16612, 15, 1707, 4455, 281, 320, 247, 8921, 50131, 273, 952, 13, 1690, 247, 1781, 1180, 273, 1821, 285, 2255, 665, 5604, 574, 1620, 644, 8392, 281, 34289, 9872, 407, 253, 46237, 15, 42778, 1869, 364, 14381, 1037, 326, 352, 651, 320, 4722, 281, 923, 690, 273, 253, 4688, 13, 30459, 11712, 14, 13565, 4394, 1379, 247, 3034, 934, 327, 253, 46903, 28677, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1989, 752, 310, 253, 21779, 273, 436, 1659, 13, 604, 417, 253, 46237, 865, 703, 39340, 15, 346, 2512, 310, 642, 643, 830, 273, 14608, 449, 187, 187, 13349, 1574, 13, 247, 973, 14, 22210, 10692, 275, 20035, 1981, 2806, 23048, 13, 617, 1133, 5536, 342, 16673, 14445, 13, 19925, 12200, 42778, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 2353, 634, 34030, 937, 703, 753, 13, 346, 5092, 368, 2028, 479, 849, 281, 1089, 253, 6115, 19121, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 13, 309, 476, 626, 937, 10017, 42778, 15, 346, 42, 651, 878, 247, 3711, 281, 755, 1475, 275, 436, 8614, 15, 1422, 1537, 1642, 387, 253, 8597, 449, 187, 187, 510, 3416, 892, 42648, 689, 281, 253, 21334, 285, 2546, 253, 1072, 1953, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 452, 634, 3120, 13, 6984, 312, 865, 344, 39257, 275, 247, 1698, 10541, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 4754, 13, 281, 320, 2119, 15, 380, 7205, 3559, 352, 281, 479, 436, 4131, 449, 187, 187, 3, 12864, 253, 26225, 281, 253, 1273, 5254, 12916, 937, 253, 637, 17189, 15, 346, 42556, 3307, 15, 10684, 634, 3120, 281, 253, 513, 39221, 285, 368, 588, 320, 8176, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 13308, 1919, 846, 253, 3416, 574, 4783, 1977, 15, 2635, 703, 20944, 285, 618, 328, 3606, 2439, 253, 16612, 15, 1500, 5055, 598, 247, 17167, 273, 8614, 6239, 533, 627, 369, 642, 3748, 273, 667, 6115, 19121, 15, 367, 36314, 407, 253, 26225, 13, 703, 13308, 1919, 253, 22133, 369, 36986, 273, 16479, 1078, 8288, 281, 253, 33482, 13, 247, 2502, 12860, 5006, 273, 670, 33395, 15, 187, 187, 3, 7161, 310, 253, 6115, 19121, 13, 4496, 865, 187, 187, 3, 10951, 5254, 13, 5767, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 752, 310, 352, 32, 329, 17552, 2316, 865, 187, 187, 510, 33482, 5103, 617, 247, 19532, 17834, 285, 3534, 271, 3662, 534, 369, 9696, 8921 ]	with a dark beard had stepped from the shadow of the pine trees, a gun grasped in his gnarled hands! CHAPTER 6 PENNY TRESPASSES "Can't you understand signs?" the old man demanded, advancing with cat-like tread from the fringe of pine trees. "Not when I'm traveling down a mountain side at two hundred miles an hour!" Penny replied. "Please, would you mind pointing that cannon in some other direction? It might go off." The old man lowered the shotgun, but the grim lines of his wrinkled, leathery face did not relax. "Get up!" he commanded, prodding her with the toe of his heavy boot. "Get out of here! I won't have you or any other skier on my property." "Then allow me to make a suggestion," remarked Penny pleasantly. "Put up another strand of barbed wire and you'll have them all in the hospital!" She sat up, gingerly felt of her left ankle and then began to brush snow from her jacket. "Did you see me make the jump?" she asked. "I took it just like a reindeer. Or do I mean a gazelle?" "You made a very awkward jump!" he retorted. "I could have done better myself." Penny glanced up with genuine interest. "Oh, do you ski?" By this time she no longer was afraid of the old man, if indeed she had ever been. "No, I don't ski!" he answered impatiently. "Now hurry up! Get those skis off and start moving! I'll not wait all day." Penny began to unstrap the long hickory runners, but with no undue show of haste. She glanced curiously about the snowy field. An old shed stood not far away. Beside it towered a great stack of wood which reached nearly as high as the roof. Through the trees she caught a glimpse of a weather-stained log cabin with smoke curling lazily from the brick chimney. As Penny was regarding it, she saw a flash of color at one of the windows. A girl who might have been her own age had her face pressed against the pane. Seeing Penny's gaze upon her, she began to make motions which could not be understood. The old man also turned his head to look toward the cabin. Immediately, the girl disappeared from the window. "Is that where you live?" inquired Penny. Instead of answering, the old man seized her by the hand and pulled her to her feet. "Go!" he commanded. "And don't let me catch you here again!" Penny shouldered her skis and moved toward the fence. "So sorry to have damaged your nice snow," she apologized. "I'll try not to trespass again." Crawling under the barbed wire fence, Penny retraced her way up the slope to the point on the trail where she had taken the wrong turn. There she hesitated and finally decided to walk on to the Fergus hotel. "I wonder who that girl was at the window?" Penny reflected as she trudged along. "She looked too young to be Old Whisker's daughter. And what was she trying to tell me?" The problem was too deep for her to solve. But she made up her mind she would ask Mrs. Downey the name of the queer old man as soon as she returned to the lodge. Reaching the Fergus hotel, Penny parked her skis upright in a snowbank near the front door, and went inside. She found herself in a long lobby at the end of which was a great stone fireplace with a half burned log on the hearth. Bellboys in green uniforms and brass buttons darted to and fro. A general stir of activity pervaded the place. As Penny was gazing about, she saw Maxine Miller leave an elevator and come slowly across the lobby. The actress would not have seen her had she not spoken. "How do you do, Miss Miller. I didn't expect to see you here." "Oh, Miss Parker!" The actress' face was the picture of despair. "I've had the most wretched misfortune!" "Why, what has happened?" inquired Penny, although she thought she knew the answer to her question. "I've just seen Mr. Balantine." Miss Miller sagged into the depths of a luxuriously upholstered davenport and leaned her head back against the cushion. "Your interview didn't turn out as you expected?" "He wouldn't give me the part. Hateful old goat! He even refused to allow me to demonstrate how well I could read the lines! And he said some very insulting things to me." "That is too bad," returned Penny sympathetically. "What will you do now? Go back home?" "I don't know," the woman replied in despair. "I would stay if I thought I could change Mr. Balantine's opinion. Do you think I could?" "I shouldn't advise it myself. Of course, I don't know anything about Mr. Balantine." "He's very temperamental. Perhaps if I kept bothering him he would finally give me a chance." "Well, it might be worth trying," Penny said doubtfully. "But I think if I were you I would return home." "All of my friends will laugh at me. They thought it was foolish to come out here as it was. I can't go back. I am inclined to move down to this hotel so I'll be able to keep in touch with Mr. Balantine with less difficulty." "It's a very nice looking hotel," commented Penny. "Expensive, I've been told." "In the show business one must keep up appearances at all cost," replied Miss Miller. "I believe I'll inquire about the rates." While Penny waited, the actress crossed over to the desk and talked with a clerk. In a small office close by, Ralph Fergus and Harvey Maxwell could be seen in consultation. They were poring over a ledger, apparently checking business accounts. Miss Miller returned in a moment. "I've taken a room," she announced. "I can't afford it, but I am doing it anyway." "Will you be able to manage?" "Oh, I'll run up a bill and then let them try to collect!" Penny gazed at the actress with frank amazement. "You surely don't mean you would deliberately defraud the hotel?" "Not so loud or the clerk will hear you," Miss Miller warned. "And don't use such an ugly word. If I land the part with Mr. Balantine, of course I'll pay. If not—the worst they can do is to throw me out." Penny said no more but her opinion of Miss Miller had descended several notches. "What are you doing here?" the actress inquired, quickly changing the subject. "Oh, I just came down to look over the hotel. It's very swanky, but I like Mrs. Downey's place better." Miss Miller turned to leave. "I am going back there now to check out," she declared. "Would you like to walk along?" "No, thank you, I'll just stay here and rest for a few minutes." Penny had no real purpose in coming to the Fergus hotel. She merely had been curious to see what it was like. Even a casual inspection made it clear that Mrs. Downey's modest little lodge never could compete with such a luxurious establishment. She studied the faces of the persons in the lobby. There seemed to be a strange assortment of people, including a large number of men and women who certainly had never been drawn to Pine Top by the skiing. Penny thought whimsically that it would be interesting to see some of the fat, pampered-looking ones take a tumble on the slippery slopes. "But what is the attraction of this place, if not the skiing?" she puzzled. "There is no other form of entertainment." Presently, a well-fed lady in rustling black silk, her hand heavy with diamond rings, paused beside Penny. "I beg your pardon," she said, "can you tell me how to find the Green Room?" "No, I can't," replied Penny. "I would need a map to get around in this hotel. You might ask at the desk." The woman fluttered over to the clerk and asked the same question. "You have your card, Madam?" he inquired in a low tone. "Oh, yes, to be sure. The manager presented it to me this morning." "Take the elevator to the second floor wing," the man instructed. "Room 22. Show your card to the doorman and you will be admitted." Penny waited until after the woman had gone away. Then she arose and sauntered across the lobby. She picked up a handful of hotel literature but there was no mention of any Green Room. Pausing by the elevator, she waited until the cage was deserted of passengers before speaking to the attendant, a red headed boy of about seventeen. "Where is the Green Room, please?" "Second floor, Miss." "And what is it? A dining room?" The attendant shot her a peculiar glance and gave an answer which was equally strange
[ 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 9, 10613, 30, 11336, 10, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 7506, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 7912, 16, 2009, 2701, 19, 5295, 686, 19, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 7912, 16, 2009, 17465, 18, 5295, 686, 18, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 12110, 2701, 20, 5295, 686, 20, 1383, 187, 50266, 2311, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 531, 64, 10613, 9, 1286, 13, 1729, 10404, 2262, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 5295, 3410, 64, 10423, 1082, 5013, 52, 16788, 34296, 16445, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 10613, 64, 1590, 426, 14412, 52, 16788, 34296, 6038, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 2073, 11345, 17465, 5903, 254, 15, 28971, 15, 8102, 19, 40064, 1383, 187, 50259, 1920, 375, 1553, 30, 5088, 10, 347, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 27, 187, 50266, 24568, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 8, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 3550, 64, 42161, 1082, 187, 50270, 483, 13, 1486, 426, 1729, 10404, 15, 1088, 11872, 83, 1082, 187, 50270, 8271, 562, 2295, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 61, 79, 8, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 9, 10613, 30, 5013, 52, 16788, 34296, 23405, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 7506, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 12110, 2701, 20, 5295, 686, 20, 1383, 187, 50266, 2311, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 187, 2437, 6004, 2765, 45, 27368, 9, 34102, 53, 9358, 2262, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 19583, 9, 1286, 13, 1729, 10404, 2262, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 3410, 64, 10423, 64, 6682, 1082, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 2073, 11345, 17465, 5903, 254, 15, 28971, 15, 8102, 19, 40064, 3401, 347, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 27, 187, 50266, 24568, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 8, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 3550, 64, 10423, 1082, 187, 50270, 483, 13, 1486, 426, 1729, 10404, 15, 1088, 11872, 83, 1082, 187, 50270, 8271, 562, 2295, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 61, 79, 8, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 9, 2327, 64, 893, 30, 5088, 13, 2579, 30, 11336, 10, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 7506, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 7912, 16, 2009, 2701, 19, 5295, 686, 1525, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 7912, 16, 2009, 17465, 18, 5295, 686, 18, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 12110, 2701, 20, 5295, 686, 740, 313, 7656, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 4396, 91, 2701, 21, 5295, 686, 1706, 313, 11252, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 17465, 342, 10393, 4869, 84, 16, 373, 64, 301, 5295, 686, 740, 313, 11252, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 4396, 91, 2701, 22, 5295, 686, 1549, 15, 17, 313, 3864, 302, 284, 18619, 187, 50266, 2311, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 531, 64, 10613, 9, 1286, 13, 1729, 10404, 2262, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 5295, 3410, 64, 10423, 64, 6682, 1082, 5013, 52, 16788, 34296, 16445, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 10613, 64, 1590, 426, 14412, 52, 16788, 34296, 6038, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 2073, 11345, 17465, 5903, 254, 15, 28971, 15, 8102, 19, 40064, 3401, 347, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 27, 187, 50266, 24568, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 8, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 3550, 64, 10423, 1082, 187, 50270, 483, 13, 1486, 426, 1729, 10404, 15, 1088, 11872, 83, 1082, 187, 50270, 8271, 562, 2295, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 61, 79, 8, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 9, 2327, 64, 893, 30, 5088, 13, 2579, 30, 5013, 52, 16788, 34296, 23405, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 7506, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 12110, 2701, 20, 5295, 686, 740, 313, 7656, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 4396, 91, 2701, 21, 5295, 686, 1706, 313, 11252, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 17465, 342, 10393, 4869, 84, 16, 373, 64, 301, 5295, 686, 740, 313, 11252, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 4396, 91, 2701, 22, 5295, 686, 1549, 15, 17, 313, 3864, 302, 284, 18619, 187, 50266, 2311, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 187, 2437, 6004, 4531, 24314, 9677, 9, 34102, 53, 9358, 2262, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 19583, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1189, 83, 1487, 426, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 4625, 19, 16, 34296, 2534, 5295, 346, 19, 995, 187, 50266, 8, 38, 6275, 74, 15554, 16, 15554, 7368, 749, 3024, 2390, 5295, 346, 2313, 995, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 1178, 64, 17465, 64, 1189, 83, 1487, 9, 1189, 83, 1487, 10, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 1178, 64, 17465, 64, 37488, 2073, 4625, 19, 1383, 686, 34296, 2534, 1383, 374, 582, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 1178, 64, 17465, 64, 37488, 9, 187, 50262, 8, 38, 6275, 74, 15554, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 15554, 7368, 749, 3024, 2390, 1383, 187, 50262, 2313, 187, 50266, 10, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 3775, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1189, 83, 1487, 426, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 4625, 19, 5295, 374, 13, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 3113, 268, 1767, 383, 15, 376, 3013, 9, 3902, 4756, 10, 347, 2507, 5374, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 1178, 64, 17465, 64, 1189, 83, 1487, 9, 1189, 83, 1487, 10, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 8168, 187, 50270, 338, 11876, 15, 4149, 64, 5374, 60, 17, 62, 2239, 374, 27, 187, 50266, 4856, 426, 2507, 5374, 15, 2877, 15, 8854, 60, 17, 62, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 4856, 426, 2507, 5374, 15, 2877, 15, 8559, 187, 50270, 8271, 14441, 2295, 346, 24314, 4454, 1364, 320, 275, 346, 393, 187, 50266, 27898, 10613, 16, 17465, 8, 5981, 28, 13507, 19, 310, 12078, 449, 535, 187, 2437, 6004, 9624, 17219, 9, 34102, 53, 9358, 2262, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 6790, 64, 3140, 64, 4789, 1630, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 2203, 426, 1484, 8, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 2023, 346, 35, 5247, 1381, 17579, 5622, 1662, 1381, 11087, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 15, 1088, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 15, 788, 64, 6082, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 27428, 15163, 5295, 13031, 64, 2915, 94, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 9, 187, 50266, 8, 6, 84, 15, 5758, 8, 2462, 268, 67, 13, 13031, 64, 5758, 9, 1088, 64, 2203, 30, 2203, 582, 2794, 30, 5088, 187, 50270, 10, 347, 278, 64, 5758, 27, 187, 50266, 3113, 12097, 2073, 6, 84, 15, 67, 4881, 20, 15, 8780, 8, 2462, 268, 67, 10, 347, 278, 64, 8780, 27, 187, 50262, 78, 64, 8780, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 13031, 64, 8780, 187, 50262, 373, 426, 1881, 15, 40087, 15, 2799, 64, 8456, 28199, 12110, 16, 2009, 16, 31953, 15, 8456, 3401, 187, 50270, 8271, 278, 64, 5758, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 28199, 12110, 16, 2009, 16, 31953, 15, 8456, 1383, 686, 83, 11470, 187, 50266, 4065, 5023, 876, 9553, 876, 5715, 187, 50266, 4065, 5023, 1088, 5715, 187, 50266, 4065, 5023, 876, 19874, 21920, 11336, 13, 8256, 13, 8256, 10, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 278, 64, 8780, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 8168, 187, 50270, 8271, 501, 2295, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 34296, 5295, 27428, 2009, 5295, 3495, 13, 686, 31953, 5295, 721, 2023, 187, 50266, 8, 35, 5247, 5295, 27428, 5622, 1662, 5295, 11087, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 84, 20, 64, 4789, 1630, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 2203, 426, 686, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 2023, 346, 35, 5247, 1381, 17579, 5622, 1662, 1381, 11087, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 15, 1088, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 941, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 15, 788, 64, 6082, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 27428, 15163, 5295, 13031, 64, 2915, 94, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 9, 187, 50266, 8, 6, 84, 15, 5758, 8, 2462, 268, 67, 13, 13031, 64, 5758, 9, 1088, 64, 2203, 30, 2203, 582, 2794, 30, 5088, 187, 50270, 10, 347, 278, 64, 5758, 27, 187, 50266, 3113, 12097, 2073, 6, 84, 15, 67, 4881, 20, 15, 8780, 8, 2462, 268, 67, 10, 347, 278, 64, 8780, 27, 187, 50262, 78, 64, 8780, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 13031, 64, 8780, 187, 50262, 373, 426, 1881, 15, 40087, 15, 2799, 64, 8456, 9, 187, 50258, 434, 20, 1358, 38924, 1590, 16, 2364, 16, 12110, 16, 2009, 16, 31953, 15, 8456, 8, 187, 50262, 10, 187, 50270, 8271, 278, 64, 5758, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 8168, 187, 50270, 8271, 278, 64, 8780, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 2073, 84, 20, 11470, 187, 50266, 4065, 5023, 788, 64, 6082, 9, 47773, 5473, 38924, 1590, 1383, 10030, 5473, 2364, 16, 12110, 16, 2009, 16, 31953, 15, 8456, 3401, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 501, 2295, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 34296, 5295, 27428, 2009, 5295, 3495, 13, 686, 31953, 5295, 721, 2023, 187, 50266, 8, 35, 5247, 5295, 27428, 5622, 1662, 5295, 11087, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 6790, 64, 3140, 64, 4789, 1787, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 2203, 426, 686, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 2023, 346, 35, 5247, 1381, 17579, 5622, 1662, 1381, 11087, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 15, 1088, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 15, 788, 64, 6082, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 27428, 15163, 5295, 13031, 64, 2915, 94, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 9, 187, 50266, 8, 6 ]	[ call.get_limits(service=None) ] assert mock_d2c.mock_calls == [ call({ 'SvcBar/bar limit2': '2', 'SvcBar/barlimit1': '1', 'SvcFoo/foo limit3': '3', }) ] def test_one_service(self, capsys): mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) mock_checker.get_limits.return_value = { 'SvcFoo': sample_limits()['SvcFoo'], } self.cls.checker = mock_checker self.cls.service_name = ['SvcFoo'] with patch('awslimitchecker.runner.dict2cols', autospec=True) as mock_d2c: mock_d2c.return_value = 'd2cval' self.cls.list_defaults() out, err = capsys.readouterr() assert out == 'd2cval\n' assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [ call.get_limits(service=['SvcFoo']) ] assert mock_d2c.mock_calls == [ call({ 'SvcFoo/foo limit3': '3', }) ] class TestListLimits(RunnerTester): def test_simple(self, capsys): mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) mock_checker.get_limits.return_value = sample_limits_api() self.cls.checker = mock_checker with patch('awslimitchecker.runner.dict2cols') as mock_d2c: mock_d2c.return_value = 'd2cval' self.cls.list_limits() out, err = capsys.readouterr() assert out == 'd2cval\n' assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [ call.get_limits(use_ta=True, service=None) ] assert mock_d2c.mock_calls == [ call({ 'SvcBar/bar limit2': '99', 'SvcBar/barlimit1': '1', 'SvcFoo/foo limit3': '10 (TA)', 'SvcFoo/zzz limit4': '34 (API)', 'SvcFoo/limit with usage maximums/res_id': '10 (API)', 'SvcFoo/zzz limit5': '60.0 (Quotas)' }) ] def test_one_service(self, capsys): mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) mock_checker.get_limits.return_value = { 'SvcFoo': sample_limits_api()['SvcFoo'], } self.cls.checker = mock_checker self.cls.service_name = ['SvcFoo'] with patch('awslimitchecker.runner.dict2cols') as mock_d2c: mock_d2c.return_value = 'd2cval' self.cls.list_limits() out, err = capsys.readouterr() assert out == 'd2cval\n' assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [ call.get_limits(use_ta=True, service=['SvcFoo']) ] assert mock_d2c.mock_calls == [ call({ 'SvcFoo/foo limit3': '10 (TA)', 'SvcFoo/zzz limit4': '34 (API)', 'SvcFoo/limit with usage maximums/res_id': '10 (API)', 'SvcFoo/zzz limit5': '60.0 (Quotas)' }) ] class TestSetLimitOverride(RunnerTester): def test_simple(self): overrides = { 'EC2/Foo bar': "2", 'ElastiCache/Cache cluster subnet groups': "100", } mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) self.cls.checker = mock_checker self.cls.set_limit_overrides(overrides) assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [ call.set_limit_override('EC2', 'Foo bar', 2), call.set_limit_override( 'ElastiCache', 'Cache cluster subnet groups', 100 ) ] def test_error(self): overrides = { 'EC2': 2, } mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) self.cls.checker = mock_checker with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo: self.cls.set_limit_overrides(overrides) assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [] if sys.version_info[0] > 2: msg = excinfo.value.args[0] else: msg = excinfo.value.message assert msg == "Limit names must be in " \ "'service/limit' format; EC2 is invalid." class TestLoadJson(RunnerTester): def test_local_file_py27(self): data = u'{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}, "Blam": {"Blarg": 73}}' mock_body = Mock() mock_body.read.return_value = '{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}}' mock_client = Mock() mock_client.get_object.return_value = {'Body': mock_body} with patch( '%s.open' % pb, mock_open(read_data=data), create=True ) as m_open: with patch('%s.boto3.client' % pb) as m_client: m_client.return_value = mock_client res = self.cls.load_json('/foo/bar/baz.json') assert m_open.mock_calls == [ call('/foo/bar/baz.json', 'r'), call().__enter__(), call().read(), call().__exit__(None, None, None) ] assert m_client.mock_calls == [] assert res == { 'Foo': {'bar': 23, 'baz': 6}, 'Blam': {'Blarg': 73} } def test_s3_py27(self): data = '{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}, "Blam": {"Blarg": 73}}' mock_body = Mock() mock_body.read.return_value = data mock_client = Mock() mock_client.get_object.return_value = {'Body': mock_body} with patch( '%s.open' % pb, mock_open(read_data=data), create=True ) as m_open: with patch('%s.boto3.client' % pb) as m_client: m_client.return_value = mock_client res = self.cls.load_json( 's3://bucketname/key/foo/bar/baz.json' ) assert m_open.mock_calls == [] assert m_client.mock_calls == [ call('s3'), call().get_object(Bucket='bucketname', Key='key/foo/bar/baz.json') ] assert res == { 'Foo': {'bar': 23, 'baz': 6}, 'Blam': {'Blarg': 73} } def test_local_file_py37(self): data = '{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}, "Blam": {"Blarg": 73}}' mock_body = Mock() mock_body.read.return_value = '{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}}' mock_client = Mock() mock_client.get_object.return_value = {'Body': mock_body} with patch( '%
[ 13, 285, 359, 1265, 3551, 281, 253, 990, 273, 9361, 15, 7214, 672, 436, 6569, 513, 359, 3986, 562, 323, 253, 1361, 2656, 3815, 476, 2085, 15, 49092, 285, 878, 90, 952, 4560, 616, 3524, 275, 2828, 434, 14426, 403, 752, 1616, 247, 14242, 2954, 15, 380, 954, 8312, 4809, 273, 634, 7688, 310, 417, 634, 14855, 13, 533, 634, 1448, 16723, 273, 4757, 15, 16531, 14, 22987, 593, 310, 2761, 1900, 247, 4445, 273, 247, 3076, 2954, 15, 3900, 359, 651, 751, 281, 3693, 253, 4840, 285, 4264, 3676, 285, 21383, 3114, 13, 2656, 2296, 326, 352, 310, 275, 253, 1077, 1232, 273, 2444, 949, 253, 4840, 326, 41159, 310, 1119, 15, 187, 187, 16910, 16715, 322, 15, 19051, 285, 5171, 5119, 11835, 377, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 1722, 187, 187, 3724, 27507, 5910, 187, 187, 13618, 434, 12967, 41969, 1818, 15, 496, 253, 13534, 434, 24863, 5406, 13, 359, 346, 14077, 3, 281, 776, 10956, 13, 12933, 1528, 13, 285, 1176, 1542, 350, 15, 754, 2987, 275, 441, 2584, 581, 4736, 27, 1818, 15, 380, 4275, 7870, 273, 253, 6416, 1495, 556, 436, 10727, 1051, 7058, 1051, 4866, 15, 2719, 290, 593, 310, 417, 760, 849, 359, 1265, 253, 6416, 1495, 28, 352, 310, 253, 6416, 1495, 15, 27955, 1057, 747, 13122, 285, 16072, 342, 2656, 15, 10540, 1057, 747, 5231, 285, 10165, 327, 253, 3924, 273, 1495, 15, 2091, 2656, 5841, 13, 368, 8028, 15, 2091, 344, 16966, 13, 368, 4517, 285, 2312, 896, 281, 779, 275, 634, 878, 15, 2091, 344, 14528, 13, 368, 2389, 15, 2091, 344, 13896, 13, 368, 20090, 15, 1422, 4388, 634, 1495, 275, 247, 747, 3884, 407, 253, 1612, 273, 253, 13936, 14559, 15, 496, 1046, 1083, 13, 368, 1614, 15, 187, 187, 510, 6127, 13, 16876, 13, 285, 37725, 273, 776, 4852, 403, 752, 359, 923, 672, 13, 43888, 3146, 13, 359, 1859, 776, 4852, 432, 253, 8310, 12595, 273, 253, 13958, 2418, 16790, 15, 4325, 581, 4289, 23467, 598, 13, 21801, 285, 253, 23602, 7121, 5195, 396, 445, 600, 1078, 368, 15, 1292, 253, 2250, 285, 6046, 273, 1495, 6569, 387, 253, 7145, 273, 17538, 14216, 285, 5910, 394, 5720, 13, 285, 672, 359, 1379, 253, 15915, 308, 35989, 1728, 281, 24756, 5097, 15, 380, 1943, 6281, 273, 776, 4852, 403, 4307, 562, 275, 247, 3515, 2962, 273, 1355, 13451, 15, 831, 310, 849, 2656, 556, 1160, 352, 281, 320, 15, 754, 2987, 323, 247, 1614, 14, 783, 14, 10186, 14, 484, 2189, 14, 3487, 294, 31756, 285, 2502, 11798, 15, 15836, 3936, 1659, 275, 253, 49074, 9506, 285, 30417, 18048, 273, 15363, 1495, 15, 187, 187, 15418, 15181, 77, 1988, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 1283, 187, 187, 48152, 49431, 265, 1249, 27, 18, 1253, 1047, 187, 187, 1328, 310, 2656, 285, 359, 403, 417, 15, 2091, 368, 10018, 1495, 285, 8028, 281, 15822, 952, 13, 368, 588, 4541, 1089, 326, 359, 3365, 476, 626, 1718, 776, 13079, 13, 13702, 13, 285, 2389, 275, 253, 1881, 984, 352, 369, 1620, 6034, 281, 4459, 824, 34743, 15, 1198, 326, 2647, 13, 627, 310, 2717, 3562, 326, 369, 6034, 281, 10265, 824, 13079, 15, 42087, 310, 281, 320, 11346, 13, 533, 359, 1053, 626, 1691, 776, 4517, 275, 352, 15, 380, 760, 5795, 310, 2656, 2994, 15, 187, 187, 510, 47080, 275, 253, 1984, 273, 24253, 49431, 265, 14177, 281, 5321, 441, 673, 275, 776, 3186, 323, 4495, 285, 4096, 15, 754, 8599, 441, 326, 344, 3597, 4715, 13, 22569, 13, 1270, 6493, 13, 440, 7807, 1070, 5615, 11284, 13, 2583, 13, 3440, 13, 285, 2151, 15, 8256, 273, 731, 13, 672, 597, 497, 10702, 281, 521, 1495, 434, 4096, 13, 3977, 281, 2712, 533, 25813, 15, 754, 812, 417, 1089, 521, 4096, 275, 253, 3562, 1533, 15, 2732, 13366, 17400, 3184, 271, 9826, 1495, 273, 8274, 281, 300, 13, 1175, 3858, 13, 2739, 13, 10290, 5484, 13, 285, 2509, 987, 13, 344, 3249, 281, 521, 3662, 1128, 8701, 4096, 15, 346, 4125, 512, 556, 644, 3735, 28, 1060, 310, 253, 6452, 273, 253, 2647, 27, 32005, 2656, 285, 1978, 521, 3923, 942, 13, 323, 436, 310, 253, 2644, 7143, 273, 637, 3, 313, 48152, 49431, 265, 1249, 27, 1012, 481, 187, 187, 510, 4709, 273, 2656, 310, 849, 359, 3794, 281, 253, 958, 326, 2656, 310, 3687, 685, 359, 403, 1128, 19623, 432, 441, 1128, 249, 512, 1841, 15, 3032, 10763, 310, 3687, 15, 3032, 15799, 310, 3687, 15, 3032, 2389, 310, 3687, 15, 1244, 13, 4754, 13, 521, 12700, 310, 3687, 15, 29574, 1691, 13, 344, 310, 2656, 285, 359, 403, 417, 15, 187, 187, 44240, 308, 15, 47445, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 655, 187, 187, 22098, 1041, 2458, 337, 27, 1010, 1253, 1508, 187, 187, 40, 3833, 1419, 15, 3932, 39447, 556, 594, 1199, 281, 1333, 670, 776, 4096, 13, 352, 556, 247, 6793, 30318, 323, 352, 15, 2596, 3782, 4030, 3159, 310, 253, 3159, 41070, 1419, 15, 844, 403, 3562, 281, 41070, 1419, 2656, 15, 496, 253, 1984, 273, 10643, 1041, 2458, 13, 5171, 25264, 441, 1264, 2069, 275, 521, 10199, 326, 359, 3153, 346, 936, 253, 19916, 273, 521, 18735, 3, 313, 22098, 1041, 2458, 337, 27, 23, 13, 1249, 13, 1638, 481, 2091, 359, 1158, 273, 18735, 13, 359, 1158, 273, 1633, 1943, 13, 5389, 13, 285, 4755, 15, 346, 1276, 247, 28548, 32712, 436, 7237, 1476, 346, 10759, 38579, 369, 3365, 28548, 449, 1916, 41070, 1419, 2656, 2097, 281, 452, 776, 4852, 1056, 779, 4755, 285, 5389, 15, 844, 971, 779, 281, 320, 8530, 15, 844, 971, 281, 3812, 4116, 281, 253, 28548, 2656, 665, 7636, 441, 13, 285, 359, 513, 326, 407, 44895, 779, 285, 18248, 2571, 15, 187, 187, 688, 17601, 23, 689, 581, 4289, 502, 1326, 1105, 257, 1313, 13, 387, 253, 2748, 273, 253, 4383, 6963, 13, 281, 1287, 247, 6010, 273, 35525, 9551, 326, 651, 320, 7470, 281, 7102, 253, 6105, 15, 496, 253, 2151, 434, 32439, 348, 1204, 313, 4609, 310, 247, 2962, 273, 3533, 285, 9172, 582, 253, 806, 1953, 574, 281, 513, 342, 776, 4096, 27, 346, 1276, 310, 253, 7015, 990, 273, 637, 32, 3083, 434, 7015, 990, 310, 281, 41070, 1419, 2656, 285, 4264, 779, 11654, 3, 313, 510, 34328, 1608, 5521, 330, 366, 348, 1204, 481, 1583, 403, 987, 15, 831, 310, 776, 4096, 15, 733, 310, 417, 670, 441, 28, 352, 310, 670, 2656, 285, 521, 6378, 15, 1737, 812, 320, 8750, 285, 4936, 254, 685, 326, 32, 187, 187, 44240, 308, 15, 47445, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 1384, 187, 187, 1672, 38695, 1668, 27, 18, 1253, 805, 187, 187, 3, 2042, 760, 359, 574, 4962, 407, 253, 6203, 434, 1133, 275, 10253, 2, 1707, 359, 2206, 1475, 36612, 273, 9132, 285, 18739, 512, 253, 2739, 359, 3078, 13, 533, 368, 452, 3982, 441, 562, 715, 436, 13438, 281, 4177, 306, 436, 2862, 7796, 281, 2471, 449, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 417, 4555, 247, 1566, 15851, 15, 1707, 310, 25917, 13, 650, 24886, 13, 1881, 14, 81, 414, 1128, 455, 253, 1841, 326, 476, 4446, 441, 10412, 670, 643, 952, 15, 10300, 824, 1881, 14, 34872, 27752, 566, 13, 368, 651, 387, 1878, 1902, 2656, 281, 1333, 13, 346, 42, 1353, 417, 11298, 1919, 368, 1642, 23395, 449, 1292, 436, 310, 417, 271, 23179, 2926, 835, 253, 7122, 310, 751, 441, 15, 831, 310, 253, 2656, 15, 346, 510, 6203, 753, 281, 25084, 13, 686, 42, 452, 3735, 253, 650, 24886, 273, 253, 5143, 3254, 15, 19906, 731, 13, 346, 3404, 2500, 30673, 368, 588, 6008, 9132, 13, 285, 275, 253, 4131, 368, 588, 320, 6898, 342, 10238, 15, 2635, 368, 588, 871, 326, 309, 717, 253, 6203, 634, 2656, 3, 21288, 313, 1672, 38695, 1668, 27, 26, 1253, 805, 481, 187, 187, 1552, 2380, 4566, 1411, 512, 776, 12656, 15, 2656, 7777, 310, 417, 751, 441, 15, 733, 310, 347, 604, 2656, 2296, 281, 441, 13, 346, 1466, 479, 9287, 368, 273, 849, 309, 8028, 285, 923, 604, 368, 1158, 309, 812, 8028, 1014, 281, 368, 449, 2635, 344, 27513, 84, 6281, 273, 23935, 442, 22895, 751, 4377, 5119, 13, 4682, 615, 22895, 751, 253, 30828, 282, 5171, 13, 285, 650, 360, 1559, 398, 751, 9841, 8549, 5143, 15, 1310, 344, 23238, 285, 14528, 731, 13, 344, 588, 4089, 285, 2389, 441, 15, 380, 16507, 310, 2590, 27, 754, 2506, 626, 4089, 984, 273, 441, 285, 253, 3290, 273, 776, 24861, 15, 754, 23238, 984, 344, 310, 253, 2656, 8452, 388, 6364, 15, 187, 187, 44240, 308, 15, 47445, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 3127, 187, 187, 19393, 255, 2458, 337, 27, 23, 1253, 26, 187, 187, 23315, 14, 16651, 310, 8312, 15, 380, 954, 8312, 9351, 403, 1110, 326, 1379, 327, 253, 830, 273, 253, 1175, 1841, 273, 253, 18794, 273, 2656, 15, 2828, 42169, 27, 346, 20083, 562, 323, 3221, 45888, 15, 1583, 1705, 281, 368, 275, 16396, 434, 14234, 13, 533, 27162, 314, 597, 403, 8388, 49514, 36162, 3, 313, 42208, 818, 27, 1010, 481, 5171, 12013, 27, 346, 18869, 1821, 403, 3221, 30828, 868, 13, 48548, 1020, 789, 3767, 13, 9425, 14056, 6748, 347, 30828, 868, 273, 2828, 15, 964, 964, 964, 28364, 2994, 9425, 14056, 3355, 347, 271, 23087, 273, 1708, 15, 733, 310, 417, 10084, 13, 840, 13, 604, 521, 20325, 9425, 14056, 796, 347, 20325, 273, 48562, 15, 7160, 990, 588, 320, 752, 616, 5231, 17337, 3, 313, 19, 41118, 2458, 1903, 27, 1012, 1253, 1010, 481, 496, 7667, 255, 2458, 337, 27, 23, 1253, 24, 13, 5171, 42169, 1411, 247, 3221, 30860, 326, 31394, 253, 28067, 273, 253, 2032, 30860, 15, 17766, 253, 2266, 3448, 27, 346, 42, 717, 47096, 326, 368, 403, 594, 4541, 13438, 272, 253, 581, 665, 1925, 368, 407, 253, 14426, 273, 2828, 285, 403, 8577, 281, 247, 1027, 30860, 1128, 4609, 310, 1663, 642, 30860, 387, 512, 15, 5635, 45996, 690, 952, 403, 15950, 368, 715, 13775, 285, 403, 2820, 281, 591, 1748, 253, 30860, 273, 2828, 449, 187, 187, 510, 18794, 273, 1881, 310, 954, 8312, 672, 352, 3936, 327, 253, 33183, 273, 253, 18794, 273, 2656, 15, 733, 310, 1896, 323, 368, 281, 320, 13762, 326, 368, 403, 3811, 323, 253, 21427, 20708, 1289, 2370, 273, 253, 18794, 273, 2656, 672, 368, 403, 13, 275, 958, 13, 3811, 323, 4834, 15, 380, 954, 8312, 2654, 3017, 403, 1110, 326, 403, 4354, 6416, 1025, 15, 16531, 763, 1255, 310, 954, 8312, 672, 352, 9425, 14056, 3355, 347, 2579, 15, 16531, 14, 16651, 310, 954, 6422, 672, 352, 277, 790, 253, 28067, 273, 2389, 15, 187, 187, 17239, 5119, 11835, 377, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 3307, 187, 187, 7475, 6090, 337, 187, 187, 13618, 3562, 253, 10325, 281, 3148, 521, 18735, 13, 281, 1056, 7985, 521, 20624, 18701, 1128, 8701, 23251, 1612, 285, 18892, 3753, 15, 1737, 368, 923, 275, 3753, 8599, 368, 1633, 670, 779, 15, 2091, 368, 1007, 387, 247, 5202, 434, 23499, 6505, 13, 368, 1472, 5486, 281, 2096, 1633, 670, 2656, 434, 23579, 13, 521, 10763, 13, 521, 22794, 13, 285, 521, 17829, 1495, 15, 1244, 840, 368, 403, 5486, 281, 6026, 275, 17246, 347, 368, 8564, 752, 2656, 11785, 656, 281, 368, 949, 271, 2862, 9741, 2, 187, 187, 688, 39184, 337, 13, 359, 5517, 253, 40132, 273, 521, 18735, 15, 2656, 2296, 13, 346, 1466, 627, 320, 1708, 937, 285, 253, 29828, 3678, 81, 13, 417, 816, 984, 597, 923, 1708, 13, 533, 984, 253, 6242, 273, 1708, 12957, 2656, 625, 4518, 15, 2656, 36158, 253, 12685, 285, 253, 3678, 793, 1756, 36504, 347, 625, 273, 616, 45325, 310, 4950, 15, 2058, 1016, 20946, 3924, 13, 253, 29828, 923, 625, 285, 625, 273, 616, 2656, 13, 285, 597, 19916, 779, 342, 3687, 3640, 285, 12288, 15, 1244, 840, 13, 387, 253, 268, 2966, 6929, 273, 8869, 13, 281, 10313, 2994, 954, 4518, 285, 43925, 13, 2656, 2789, 7497, 275, 521, 2460, 15, 380, 29828, 3365, 29553, 15, 3856, 13, 2190, 512, 253, 28770, 285, 19684, 14197, 273, 253, 10325, 13, 1462, 253, 1682, 12906, 273, 665, 285, 752, 2656, 310, 15, 3856, 369, 18735, 594, 1524, 13, 594, 33631, 13, 326, 253, 16656, 2346, 1624, 8859, 14974, 275, 253, 36724, 787, 30981, 751, 247, 45592, 2439, 253, 10325, 13, 354, 43759, 417, 16457, 434, 4409, 285, 1318, 13, 533, 253, 13936, 40325 ]	, and we start coming to the end of ourselves. Only when this happens do we reach out for the help God alone can provide. Weak and needy people finding their hope in Christ's grace are what mark a mature relationship. The most dangerous aspect of your relationships is not your weakness, but your delusions of strength. Self-reliance is almost always a component of a bad relationship. While we would like to avoid the mess and enjoy deep and intimate community, God says that it is in the very process of working through the mess that intimacy is found. Timothy S. Lane and Paul David Tripp # January 17 Psalm 34 God's Word invites change. In the Bible's vivid picture, we "turn" to our Father, Savior, and Comforter. He works in us toward one goal: change. The central dynamic of the Christian life has this FROM...TO... movement. Repentance is not only how we start the Christian life; it is the Christian life. Faith does new transactions and conversations with God. Love does new actions and choices on the stage of life. When God calls, you listen. When he promises, you trust and talk back to him in your need. When he loves, you love. When he commands, you obey. You aim your life in a new direction by the power of the Holy Spirit. In every case, you turn. The patterns, themes, and tendencies of our lives are what we see when, figuratively, we view our lives from the observation deck of the Empire State Building. From one hundred floors up, Manhattan and the Hudson River spread serenely before you. But the action and noise of life happens at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 34th Street, and when we take the Lincoln Tunnel home to Hoboken. The big stories of our lives are worked out in a running series of small scenes. This is how God has made it to be. He works for a turn-the-world-upside-down reorientation and redirection. Change takes place in the watershed moments and decisive incidents of everyday life. David Powlison # January 18 Ecclesiastes 12:1–14 He is God and we are not. When you observe life and listen to wise people, you will quickly find that we simply can't invest our hopes, dreams, and love in the self because it was never intended to carry such freight. For that matter, there is nothing created that was intended to sustain such hopes. Creation is to be enjoyed, but we don't put our trust in it. The only alternative is God himself. The Teacher in the book of Ecclesiastes tries to save us time in our search for meaning and purpose. He tells us that he tried learning, laughter, great projects, unbridled sexual pleasure, money, music, and children. None of them, when they were elevated to his life's purpose, led to anything but despair. He could not find his purpose in the created world. After briefly envying an ordinary life of honest toil, good friends, food, moderate drink, and doing right, he comes to his answer—his purpose. "Now all has been heard; here is the conclusion of the matter: Fear God and keep his commandments, for this is the whole duty of man" (Ecclesiastes 12:13). The fear of God is how we respond to the fact that God is greater than we are—different from us—in all things. His beauty is greater. His wisdom is greater. His love is greater. And, yes, his anger is greater. Simply put, he is God and we are not. Edward T. Welch # January 19 Ephesians 1:15–23 Glorify. Since Scripture has so much to say about our purpose, it has a rich vocabulary for it. One particularly fine word is the word glorify. We are created to glorify God. In the book of Ephesians, Paul reminds us three times in his introduction that we live "to the praise of his glory" (Ephesians 1:6, 12, 14). When we think of glory, we think of something big, beautiful, and obvious. "What a glorious sunset this evening!" "Her aria was simply glorious." To glorify God means to have our lives make him obvious and beautiful. We want him to be famous. We want to draw attention to the glorious God who loved us, and we do that by trusting him and loving others. In 1646 over one hundred clergymen met, at the request of the English king, to develop a summary of biblical teaching that would be suitable to guide the church. In the children's catechism (which is a series of questions and answers), the first question had to do with our purpose: "What is the chief end of man? Man's chief end is to glorify God and enjoy him forever" (The Westminster Shorter Catechism). They are right. This is our purpose. It is not about us; it is about God and his purposes. What could be bigger and grander than that? Edward T. Welch # January 20 Exodus 16:1–12 "If only we had died by the Lord's hand in Egypt! There we sat around pots of meat and ate all the food we wanted, but you have brought us out into this desert to starve this entire assembly to death." This is not exactly a model prayer. There is complaining, grumbling, self-pity—all the things that can drive us crazy about other people. Given such self-centered insolence, you would at least expect God to say, "I'm not listening until you ask nicely." But this is not an invented story where the god is like us. This is the God. "The Lord said to Moses, 'I have heard the grumbling of the Israelites. Tell them, "At twilight you will eat meat, and in the morning you will be filled with bread. Then you will know that I am the Lord your God"'" (Exodus 16:9–12). This response goes against all our expectations. God truly is not like us. It is as if God says to us, "Let me remind you of how I listen and see if you think I could listen even to you." Then he recounts stories of adulterers like King David, murderers like the apostle Paul, and grumblers like newly delivered Israel. If he hears and loves them, he will hear and love us. The lesson is clear: He doesn't hear because of us and the quality of our prayers. He hears because he is the God Who Hears. Edward T. Welch # January 21 Galatians 1:6–9 Self-focus is dangerous. The most dangerous kinds are those that take on the form of the good things of the kingdom of God. Christ warns: "Watch out for false prophets. They come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ferocious wolves" (Matthew 7:15). Paul writes: "Such men are false apostles, deceitful workmen, masquerading as apostles of Christ. . . . Satan himself masquerades as an angel of light. It is not surprising, then, if his servants masquerade as servants of righteousness. Their end will be what their actions deserve" (2 Corinthians 11:13–15). In Galatians 1:6–7, Paul warns against a false gospel that wears the costume of the true gospel. Notice the strong language: "I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting the one who called you by the grace of Christ and are turning to a different gospel—which is really no gospel at all. Evidently some people are throwing you into confusion and are trying to pervert the gospel of Christ." The kingdom of self is most dangerous when it takes on the contours of the kingdom of God. It is possible for you to be convinced that you are living for the transcendent glories of the kingdom of God when you are, in fact, living for yourself. The most dangerous idols are those that are easily Christianized. Selfishness is most dangerous when it masquerades as service. Self-focus is most powerful when it dons the costume of love. Paul David Tripp # January 22 Genesis 1 God created the universe to display his glory, to make visible his invisible qualities—his eternal power and divine nature. What you see in nature tells you something about him. When you look at a tree's countless leaves, you're meant to understand something about God's infinity, his beauty, his creativity, and his abundant life. And then you are meant to bow in worship as you imagine what God conveys to you through an entire forest! In Genesis 1, we witness the unfolding of his glory. God says, "Let there be light," and the angels gasp, not just because they see light, but because the existence of light reveals God more clearly. God separates the waters and the gasps grow louder as more of their Maker is revealed. At each successive stage, the angels see more and more of their God, and they praise him with greater knowledge and insight. And then, at the pinnacle of creation, to reveal himself most clearly and brightly, God makes humans in his image. The angels simply marvel. Here, among all the wonders and majesty of the universe, stand the best reflection of who and what God is. Here was glory so real, so tangible, that the inconsequential planet floating in the heavens blazed like a beacon across the universe, proclaiming not humanity's worth and value, but the Holy Creator
[ 187, 35183, 39953, 7538, 27100, 1433, 9463, 947, 35645, 8112, 1703, 9103, 322, 4350, 39, 37607, 44622, 275, 1635, 281, 187, 783, 2552, 1903, 13, 4050, 8955, 32, 187, 187, 4, 24, 27, 187, 187, 35183, 39953, 7538, 27100, 1433, 353, 24259, 9103, 19359, 36121, 1539, 28408, 35819, 21109, 281, 322, 4350, 39, 9255, 187, 4064, 253, 370, 2082, 390, 370, 2417, 2552, 1903, 13, 4050, 8955, 32, 187, 187, 4, 25, 27, 187, 187, 35183, 39953, 7538, 27100, 1433, 9463, 947, 8728, 1400, 329, 25719, 15051, 3481, 3003, 322, 4350, 39, 32, 187, 187, 4, 26, 27, 187, 187, 9818, 9103, 25719, 35, 6117, 3481, 39953, 7538, 27100, 1433, 457, 52, 330, 8372, 2354, 45638, 37784, 3939, 2758, 273, 253, 322, 4350, 39, 824, 347, 281, 1918, 187, 783, 7286, 273, 1965, 3225, 1734, 32, 187, 187, 20604, 5214, 14, 1359, 28481, 247, 8387, 32, 187, 187, 7883, 17003, 841, 6068, 32, 187, 187, 42, 1849, 644, 247, 17264, 1580, 10205, 15353, 285, 271, 2448, 407, 253, 14426, 273, 2656, 15, 380, 760, 2181, 326, 11034, 84, 479, 625, 685, 3968, 434, 3569, 10343, 310, 253, 7880, 13551, 273, 27340, 4891, 35070, 26481, 15, 13529, 2159, 285, 2288, 6134, 1060, 15, 1621, 3616, 2191, 390, 418, 42874, 15, 38116, 588, 368, 1089, 667, 19082, 37952, 723, 273, 247, 13445, 572, 471, 15, 1737, 309, 7953, 19730, 403, 4973, 285, 253, 673, 281, 1239, 3668, 3254, 432, 643, 4343, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 2505, 285, 309, 1053, 626, 897, 802, 3875, 790, 15, 36671, 403, 2080, 1512, 18153, 15, 4165, 784, 1783, 310, 512, 1512, 7520, 15, 6930, 2379, 475, 2379, 475, 47303, 2637, 2, 831, 1873, 369, 1125, 2646, 12072, 407, 27, 2379, 475, 50276, 64, 50275, 64, 795, 50275, 64, 4772, 50275, 876, 2379, 475, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 14766, 393, 1227, 1227, 2379, 475, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 64, 93, 1040, 393, 657, 1227, 2379, 475, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 50276, 64, 50276, 93, 1227, 50275, 61, 2379, 475, 1040, 1040, 64, 93, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 16, 1227, 2850, 393, 2379, 475, 50276, 61, 15362, 16, 2582, 93, 1040, 64, 6602, 16, 50275, 15591, 2379, 475, 2379, 475, 831, 1873, 369, 1125, 2646, 12072, 407, 914, 6549, 41, 89, 26945, 970, 530, 5324, 14308, 15, 2379, 475, 733, 760, 3797, 530, 32969, 42410, 84, 285, 530, 30306, 84, 15, 3166, 417, 10007, 352, 2, 2379, 475, 496, 1340, 281, 823, 625, 14308, 13, 2794, 390, 12921, 247, 1511, 342, 253, 1072, 1416, 16, 10708, 13, 533, 342, 271, 2634, 64, 31087, 65, 34078, 190, 187, 424, 16, 190, 187, 10708, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 28, 4888, 187, 6930, 2379, 50276, 34, 1159, 6335, 326, 3400, 4228, 16, 22036, 3845, 3470, 323, 5559, 6647, 13745, 9491, 15, 190, 187, 424, 16, 190, 187, 33, 27, 360, 351, 1657, 1587, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 2807, 190, 187, 33, 27, 3129, 489, 36, 377, 688, 10811, 1587, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 11594, 20607, 15, 73, 2807, 190, 187, 33, 27, 489, 89, 931, 1214, 27, 86, 2437, 23489, 966, 530, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 11594, 20607, 8725, 32638, 15, 54, 22036, 3845, 11594, 20607, 551, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 6155, 459, 253, 1655, 914, 6549, 6647, 6874, 342, 253, 6799, 5559, 1277, 13745, 25174, 6661, 15, 2379, 50274, 2042, 627, 310, 271, 3515, 6647, 6874, 13, 253, 6661, 588, 1379, 1055, 4745, 15, 17501, 13, 2379, 50274, 262, 588, 1379, 1055, 672, 253, 1735, 6647, 6874, 310, 3515, 15, 15971, 50274, 33, 3575, 6631, 6155, 50276, 510, 6799, 5559, 1277, 13745, 25174, 6661, 15, 2379, 50274, 33, 2309, 50263, 5088, 604, 5559, 1277, 13745, 25174, 310, 15378, 8379, 15, 2379, 50254, 50276, 5653, 604, 253, 6661, 4242, 281, 4647, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 20851, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 9, 7456, 6155, 1163, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 39, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 6155, 10, 1163, 46328, 28, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 40353, 285, 19355, 247, 18189, 1277, 34585, 285, 1091, 352, 4745, 15, 2379, 50274, 8497, 326, 436, 1159, 760, 1265, 253, 19355, 1232, 15, 9368, 5057, 1277, 34585, 22740, 5443, 281, 2451, 2379, 50274, 338, 253, 19355, 310, 6699, 390, 4242, 342, 2228, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 13119, 1898, 15310, 22740, 1277, 34585, 9, 1277, 34585, 1992, 15310, 1163, 32638, 15, 2321, 16390, 250, 1319, 15, 54, 1277, 34585, 13, 6282, 13264, 9179, 1163, 32638, 15, 7676, 29, 328, 6549, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 38, 1277, 34585, 22740, 13264, 9179, 22226, 1163, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 54, 22740, 1277, 34585, 28, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 40353, 285, 2213, 11932, 247, 18189, 1277, 34585, 285, 1091, 352, 4745, 15, 2379, 50274, 8497, 326, 436, 1159, 760, 1265, 253, 28635, 1232, 15, 9368, 5057, 1277, 34585, 22740, 5443, 281, 2451, 2379, 50274, 338, 253, 28635, 310, 6699, 390, 4242, 342, 2228, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 13119, 1898, 2632, 3247, 22740, 1277, 34585, 9, 22740, 2618, 1163, 32638, 15, 39, 2776, 13, 6282, 13264, 9179, 1163, 32638, 15, 7676, 29, 328, 6549, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 38, 1277, 34585, 22740, 13264, 9179, 22226, 1163, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 54, 22740, 1277, 34585, 28, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 21605, 253, 1677, 18189, 1277, 34585, 432, 253, 1655, 329, 6453, 2738, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 20004, 22740, 1277, 34585, 9, 34585, 1992, 21605, 1163, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 54, 22740, 1277, 34585, 10, 1163, 49494, 28, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 3633, 247, 1618, 273, 512, 18189, 1277, 34585, 275, 253, 1655, 329, 6453, 2738, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 5057, 3074, 22740, 1277, 34585, 1082, 1163, 32638, 15, 53, 6542, 29, 328, 6549, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 54, 22740, 1277, 34585, 21431, 4888, 187, 94, 2379, 17441, 27, 187, 510, 4388, 273, 253, 1246, 1263, 369, 281, 4271, 5793, 5889, 285, 7472, 23945, 12510, 273, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 382, 316, 9931, 266, 9393, 945, 15, 5315, 335, 3144, 12221, 15, 380, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 9931, 266, 9393, 457, 84, 6505, 369, 2797, 407, 4101, 14, 8155, 21755, 285, 5867, 407, 3678, 19849, 9904, 342, 2280, 25535, 313, 7258, 16, 3338, 481, 3349, 7006, 497, 3636, 13, 9999, 11003, 15, 2251, 6, 273, 253, 2264, 26290, 15, 380, 2022, 8508, 369, 3636, 347, 26745, 280, 10966, 313, 1093, 15, 1036, 9498, 3560, 407, 8647, 17866, 313, 1166, 15, 1967, 9498, 13850, 14, 40, 321, 30986, 1751, 313, 24, 15, 1010, 9498, 295, 14, 1989, 1190, 12642, 80, 15741, 1351, 313, 22, 15, 2222, 2673, 285, 28810, 1190, 23150, 313, 22, 15, 2691, 10970, 380, 4166, 369, 1119, 281, 320, 6793, 275, 4200, 31387, 81, 1751, 26992, 5546, 21111, 313, 1237, 15, 1762, 9498, 3560, 407, 399, 2562, 3878, 280, 7665, 313, 1093, 15, 1036, 9498, 473, 38190, 456, 39409, 313, 1012, 15, 1630, 9498, 322, 265, 371, 2562, 81, 1751, 39409, 313, 805, 15, 1449, 9498, 4200, 31387, 3878, 280, 24153, 313, 22, 15, 2691, 9498, 25053, 280, 25704, 313, 21, 15, 1812, 2673, 285, 473, 38190, 456, 16517, 371, 2562, 3878, 265, 313, 19, 15, 3011, 10970, 187, 1145, 12292, 20751, 2425, 273, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 9931, 266, 9393, 369, 5762, 1411, 767, 22197, 14, 10247, 313, 998, 38428, 26494, 13, 659, 38428, 39261, 30861, 10, 285, 767, 22197, 14, 12373, 313, 32629, 31977, 14347, 13, 38365, 31911, 38143, 10, 9574, 13, 285, 1264, 28056, 313, 43348, 4355, 46761, 13, 1535, 469, 7868, 1299, 7692, 4638, 285, 1284, 43912, 21306, 295, 8047, 582, 407, 253, 2494, 43886, 890, 1332, 15, 496, 958, 13, 2266, 16294, 285, 5565, 24809, 1055, 556, 644, 2011, 1411, 512, 5762, 22197, 14, 10247, 285, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 15, 8079, 13, 19508, 16294, 285, 794, 72, 9429, 1055, 369, 33916, 1411, 253, 9094, 9346, 285, 278, 3502, 5421, 15, 187, 1147, 3133, 1563, 436, 1263, 326, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 29663, 266, 9393, 556, 1077, 1534, 23945, 2425, 13, 352, 2722, 247, 3862, 6637, 10985, 22197, 14, 10247, 13, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 13, 9094, 9346, 285, 28056, 15, 187, 187, 37482, 16902, 187, 187, 2925, 41187, 1647, 187, 187, 510, 4388, 273, 253, 1246, 1263, 369, 281, 4271, 5793, 5889, 285, 7472, 23945, 12510, 273, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 382, 316, 9931, 266, 9393, 945, 15, 5315, 335, 3144, 12221, 15, 380, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 9931, 266, 9393, 457, 84, 6505, 369, 2797, 407, 4101, 14, 8155, 21755, 285, 5867, 407, 3678, 19849, 9904, 342, 2280, 25535, 313, 7258, 16, 3338, 481, 3349, 7006, 497, 3636, 13, 9999, 11003, 15, 2251, 6, 273, 253, 2264, 26290, 15, 380, 2022, 8508, 369, 3636, 347, 26745, 280, 10966, 313, 1093, 15, 1036, 9498, 3560, 407, 8647, 17866, 313, 1166, 15, 1967, 9498, 13850, 14, 40, 321, 30986, 1751, 313, 24, 15, 1010, 9498, 295, 14, 1989, 1190, 12642, 80, 15741, 1351, 313, 22, 15, 2222, 2673, 285, 28810, 1190, 23150, 313, 22, 15, 2691, 10970, 380, 4166, 369, 1119, 281, 320, 6793, 275, 4200, 31387, 81, 1751, 26992, 5546, 21111, 313, 1237, 15, 1762, 9498, 3560, 407, 399, 2562, 3878, 280, 7665, 313, 1093, 15, 1036, 9498, 473, 38190, 456, 39409, 313, 1012, 15, 1630, 9498, 322, 265, 371, 2562, 81, 1751, 39409, 313, 805, 15, 1449, 9498, 4200, 31387, 3878, 280, 24153, 313, 22, 15, 2691, 9498, 25053, 280, 25704, 313, 21, 15, 1812, 2673, 285, 473, 38190, 456, 16517, 371, 2562, 3878, 265, 313, 19, 15, 3011, 10970, 187, 1145, 12292, 20751, 2425, 273, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 9931, 266, 9393, 369, 5762, 1411, 767, 22197, 14, 10247, 313, 998, 38428, 26494, 13, 659, 38428, 39261, 30861, 10, 285, 767, 22197, 14, 12373, 313, 32629, 31977, 14347, 13, 38365, 31911, 38143, 10, 9574, 13, 285, 1264, 28056, 313, 43348, 4355, 46761, 13, 1535, 469, 7868, 1299, 7692, 4638, 285, 1284, 43912, 21306, 295, 8047, 582, 407, 253, 2494, 43886, 890, 1332, 15, 496, 958, 13, 2266, 16294, 285, 5565, 24809, 1055, 556, 644, 2011, 1411, 512, 5762, 22197, 14, 10247, 285, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 15, 8079, 13, 19508, 16294, 285, 794, 72, 9429, 1055, 369, 33916, 1411, 253, 9094, 9346, 285, 278, 3502, 5421, 15, 187, 1147, 3133, 1563, 436, 1263, 326, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 29663, 266, 9393, 556, 1077, 1534, 23945, 2425, 13, 352, 2722, 247, 3862, 6637, 10985, 22197, 14, 10247, 13, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 13, 9094, 9346, 285, 28056, 15, 187, 187, 13888, 43046, 5942, 187, 187, 2214, 14020, 13, 34121, 6244, 452, 644, 908, 347, 247, 16748, 323, 2710, 6578, 15, 48525, 452, 253, 14603, 281, 46919, 247, 4618, 2491, 273, 32587, 10888, 84, 326, 7081, 1534, 7534, 3470, 15, 6676, 273, 841, 7006, 452, 12912, 2538, 327, 1966, 1786, 285, 476, 320, 908, 281, 1555, 6578, 313, 16490, 1041, 73, 285, 11191, 763, 13, 4695, 28, 2604, 284, 1136, 357, 267, 37848, 1162, 355, 904, 4050, 481, 187, 187, 21342, 13, 6244, 452, 253, 3745, 281, 46919, 24278, 15991, 13, 1142, 273, 534, 403, 45613, 32587, 10888, 84, 313, 36, 319, 266, 13, 7544, 481, 6061, 253, 2469, 1643, 1107, 13, 253, 897, 273, 4444, 1754, 3626, 19254, 1813, 67, 8075, 275, 253, 1971, 273, 10741, 10332, 556, 12103, 1199, 8981, 313, 44, 284, 83, 8657, 1162, 355, 904, 4059, 481, 187, 187, 20964, 13, 23945, 5052, 310, 1024, 247, 4156, 4468, 13, 534, 4925, 247, 8891, 1127, 275, 1142, 13240, 11762, 15, 8079, 13, 627, 310, 271, 21007, 878, 281, 8171, 776, 47521, 273, 3270, 14, 39367, 422, 6083, 313, 36, 2345, 10633, 13, 4332, 582, 407, 6684, 747, 23945, 6083, 15, 496, 436, 3634, 13, 247, 1270, 1600, 556, 644, 7106, 327, 253, 3626, 3580, 13 ]	HAS JUDGE WAIT EVER ATTENDED ANY SSPF FUNCTIONS in addition to the May 11, 2012 dinner? #7: HAS JUDGE WAIT MADE ANY OTHER FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS to SSPF aside from the $65 or $55 May 11, 2012 dinner? #8: HAS JUDGE WAIT EVER BEEN A MEMBER OF THE SSPF? #9: ARE ANY MEMBERS OF JUDGE WAIT’S CLOSE FAMILY active members of the SSPF such as to give the appearance of impropriety? NYRA- How Safe a Bet? Who ARE these guys? I've been a journalist since Watergate and an American by the grace of God. The only thing that disappoints me more than America's political decline is the absolute collapse of reliably solid investigative journalism. Nothing short and senseless here. No Britney or Lohan. NOR will you find any ridiculous ravings of a conspiracy quack. What I DO HAVE are sources and the time to read newsites from other countries. I don't text and I don't use emoticons. Words are far too precious. Serious analysis is all too rare./** * * WARNING! This file was autogenerated by: * _ _ _ _ __ __ * \| \| \| \| \| \| \|\ \ / / * \| \| \| \| \|_\| \| \ V / * \| \| \| \| _ \| / \ * \| \|_\| \| \| \| \|/ /^\ \ * \___/\_\| \|_/\/ \/ * * This file was autogenerated by UnrealHxGenerator using UHT definitions. * It only includes UPROPERTYs and UFUNCTIONs. Do not modify it! * In order to add more definitions, create or edit a type with the same name/package, but with an `_Extra` suffix / package unreal.googlearcoreservices; / A function library that provides static/Blueprint functions for Google ARCore Services. / @:umodule("GoogleARCoreServices") @:glueCppIncludes("GoogleARCoreServicesFunctionLibrary.h") @:uextern @:uclass extern class UGoogleARCoreServicesFunctionLibrary extends unreal.UBlueprintFunctionLibrary { / Configure the current Unreal AR session with the desired GoogleARCoreServices configuration. If there is an running AR session, the configuration will take effect immediately. Otherwise, it will take effect when the next AR session is running. @param ServiceConfig The desired GoogleARCoreServices configuration. @return True if GoogleARCoreServices is configured successfully. False if the configuration failed to apply. / @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function ConfigGoogleARCoreServices(ServiceConfig : unreal.googlearcoreservices.FGoogleARCoreServicesConfig) : Bool; / Creating and hosting a CloudARPin and return it immediately. Note that this function only start the hosting process. Call GetARPinCloudState to check if the hosting is finished or failed with error. / @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function CreateAndHostCloudARPin(ARPinToHost : unreal.augmentedreality.UARPin, OutTaskResult : unreal.Ref<unreal.googlearcoreservices.EARPinCloudTaskResult>) : unreal.googlearcoreservices.UCloudARPin; / Creating and Resolving a CloudARPin and return it immediately. Note that this function only start the acquiring process. Call GetARPinCloudState to check if the acquiring is finished or failed with error. / @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function CreateAndResolveCloudARPin(CloudId : unreal.FString, OutTaskResult : unreal.Ref<unreal.googlearcoreservices.EARPinCloudTaskResult>) : unreal.googlearcoreservices.UCloudARPin; / Remove the given CloudARPin from the current ARSession. / @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function RemoveCloudARPin(PinToRemove : unreal.googlearcoreservices.UCloudARPin) : Void; / Get a list of all CloudARPin in the current ARSession. **/ @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function GetAllCloudARPin() : unreal.TArray<unreal.googlearcoreservices.UCloudARPin>; } Abstract: The aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition and evaluate antimicrobial effectiveness of the essential oil of Cistus ladanifer var. maculatus Dun. The essential oil of C. ladanifer’s leaves was obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 28 compounds were identified, representing 88.67% of the total constituents. The main compound was identified as Verticiol (18.16%), followed by Camphene (17.70%), γ-Gurjunene (7.15%), n-Butylcyclohexane (5.95%) and Bornyl acetate (5.86%). The oil was found to be rich in Monoterpene Hydrocarbons (32.05%), followed by Diterpenic alcohol (18.16%), Oxygenated hydrocarbons (13.27%), Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (12.40%), Monoterpenic ester (5.86%), Cyclic ether (4.36%) and Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.57%). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of C. ladanifer was tested against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, and three fungi (Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger), by the microdilution method. In fact, strong inhibitory and bactericidal effect has been shown against all tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Indeed, strongest inhibitory and fungicide effect was exerted against the yeasts and molds studied. It seems following this study that the essential oil of C. Ladanifer has very significant antimicrobial activity, it shows a broad spectrum covering Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. AUTHORS ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition and evaluate antimicrobial effectiveness of the essential oil of Cistus ladanifer var. maculatus Dun. The essential oil of C. ladanifer’s leaves was obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 28 compounds were identified, representing 88.67% of the total constituents. The main compound was identified as Verticiol (18.16%), followed by Camphene (17.70%), γ-Gurjunene (7.15%), n-Butylcyclohexane (5.95%) and Bornyl acetate (5.86%). The oil was found to be rich in Monoterpene Hydrocarbons (32.05%), followed by Diterpenic alcohol (18.16%), Oxygenated hydrocarbons (13.27%), Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (12.40%), Monoterpenic ester (5.86%), Cyclic ether (4.36%) and Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.57%). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of C. ladanifer was tested against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, and three fungi (Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger), by the microdilution method. In fact, strong inhibitory and bactericidal effect has been shown against all tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Indeed, strongest inhibitory and fungicide effect was exerted against the yeasts and molds studied. It seems following this study that the essential oil of C. Ladanifer has very significant antimicrobial activity, it shows a broad spectrum covering Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. KEYWORDS For centuries, medicinal plants have been used as a remedy for various diseases. Plants have the capability to synthesize a wide range of phytochemicals that possess significant biological functions. Many of these compounds have beneficial effects on human health and can be used to treat diseases (Mahesh and Satish, 2008; Prasannabalaji et al., 2012). Moreover, plants have the ability to synthesize aromatic substances, many of which are bioactive phytochemicals (Cowan, 1999). Over the past few years, the use of plant based natural antimicrobials in the treatment of bacterial infections has gained much recognition (Kasrati et al., 2014). Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance is now a global concern, which reached a crisis point in many hospitals worldwide. Indeed, there is an urgent need to replace our arsenal of anti-infective agents (Cushnie, 2011), by developing new antimicrobial agents. In this context, a great interest has been focused on the natural products,
[ 247, 427, 13837, 285, 697, 3602, 13, 2112, 342, 253, 5606, 273, 4602, 13461, 285, 271, 10336, 275, 18147, 48349, 32492, 323, 29484, 4568, 32854, 3237, 15, 187, 187, 510, 16483, 2746, 281, 271, 41401, 3733, 1232, 8414, 273, 767, 2201, 12475, 15, 380, 806, 3408, 310, 281, 7617, 327, 253, 6779, 273, 4602, 13461, 285, 271, 10336, 27, 275, 247, 830, 273, 8985, 11559, 390, 417, 15, 496, 253, 4679, 2684, 275, 436, 2929, 13, 253, 4602, 13461, 403, 6607, 347, 1524, 14, 9133, 12624, 15, 380, 1273, 3408, 310, 281, 1287, 271, 16483, 1232, 13, 275, 534, 3186, 9158, 13, 824, 347, 31595, 285, 10577, 13, 452, 281, 320, 2931, 275, 17385, 342, 253, 6779, 6974, 15, 496, 436, 2929, 359, 897, 31595, 285, 10577, 9158, 323, 25537, 4602, 13461, 13, 3700, 3470, 285, 271, 10336, 273, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 15, 496, 253, 7990, 273, 436, 2929, 359, 3715, 271, 16483, 3676, 985, 281, 1347, 5216, 273, 253, 4081, 1332, 327, 1027, 3102, 8981, 3237, 15, 380, 16483, 5880, 273, 253, 985, 310, 12800, 327, 2667, 15, 337, 13, 835, 27, 535, 50276, 11, 7659, 853, 1108, 28490, 273, 1016, 2060, 313, 1541, 5174, 10, 275, 253, 1655, 5978, 715, 247, 873, 273, 4602, 13461, 13, 3700, 3470, 285, 271, 10336, 13, 26736, 247, 3969, 18147, 2933, 19450, 15, 535, 50276, 11, 20928, 6340, 1108, 16344, 12510, 273, 1016, 3676, 11454, 2990, 407, 12672, 697, 2264, 1599, 6278, 2228, 875, 4588, 285, 2303, 18012, 15, 380, 14601, 273, 271, 2060, 310, 3413, 407, 253, 2228, 15, 380, 2169, 253, 2228, 13, 253, 2406, 253, 14601, 15, 535, 50276, 11, 16551, 1108, 4651, 5438, 1754, 327, 616, 14601, 323, 253, 2007, 21068, 15, 535, 50276, 11, 48533, 1108, 9433, 3186, 9158, 13, 824, 347, 31595, 285, 10577, 323, 253, 4602, 13461, 13, 271, 10336, 285, 3700, 3470, 281, 4236, 4651, 275, 1340, 281, 6635, 22167, 13, 534, 830, 253, 1735, 5978, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 337, 15, 187, 187, 1145, 16483, 5880, 273, 253, 985, 15, 187, 187, 817, 495, 29484, 4568, 32854, 41576, 17144, 187, 187, 688, 1340, 281, 1071, 253, 4081, 985, 285, 1056, 2119, 326, 352, 17923, 1805, 327, 3102, 8981, 3237, 342, 1027, 3733, 285, 1071, 15302, 9552, 13, 1264, 49602, 497, 7091, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 495, 15, 18, 4819, 8608, 91, 10318, 980, 187, 187, 510, 4819, 8608, 91, 10318, 980, 544, 1093, 62, 403, 20947, 273, 247, 873, 273, 27392, 90, 2806, 285, 3168, 22774, 273, 253, 3969, 38276, 275, 253, 4819, 8608, 91, 1984, 15, 3900, 841, 22774, 403, 7968, 273, 253, 1072, 38276, 347, 275, 253, 1984, 13, 275, 954, 2219, 597, 403, 417, 253, 1072, 2460, 347, 253, 581, 275, 253, 1984, 15, 743, 1650, 273, 253, 14542, 13, 534, 6125, 346, 3594, 515, 995, 476, 320, 2326, 327, 2667, 15, 374, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 374, 15, 187, 187, 16698, 273, 253, 4819, 8608, 91, 10318, 459, 15, 187, 187, 7542, 436, 310, 247, 1355, 10895, 13, 352, 369, 4425, 281, 897, 760, 3733, 941, 323, 253, 3045, 12820, 273, 253, 3676, 16483, 985, 15, 380, 806, 3436, 3888, 432, 253, 10895, 497, 908, 323, 253, 3368, 15, 25173, 3888, 497, 501, 1025, 281, 1884, 407, 1884, 15115, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 495, 15, 19, 10535, 15720, 11568, 953, 187, 187, 2214, 436, 22791, 1895, 26583, 6905, 544, 746, 62, 941, 873, 369, 908, 15, 733, 4428, 7114, 273, 6763, 273, 25266, 3888, 273, 1133, 15720, 24321, 13, 2366, 342, 616, 3451, 43394, 15, 26583, 6905, 434, 1416, 3249, 432, 253, 958, 326, 352, 310, 247, 7321, 8578, 273, 767, 941, 5239, 5728, 407, 427, 6905, 13, 253, 1986, 2077, 8, 3313, 6516, 273, 27761, 285, 10784, 15, 5317, 495, 2722, 247, 1643, 3888, 432, 253, 941, 873, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10895, 369, 4272, 715, 767, 4243, 27, 253, 806, 629, 4428, 337, 13, 20181, 1133, 15720, 24321, 281, 320, 908, 347, 247, 3733, 941, 285, 253, 1273, 629, 4428, 374, 13, 20181, 3888, 281, 320, 908, 347, 247, 1071, 941, 15, 2053, 3888, 403, 3349, 407, 3349, 15115, 275, 1979, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 495, 15, 187, 187, 32896, 273, 3888, 432, 26583, 6905, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 495, 15, 20, 6392, 3077, 14, 2313, 187, 187, 510, 6392, 3077, 14, 2313, 5447, 544, 938, 62, 4428, 247, 873, 273, 818, 13, 1052, 18010, 3888, 273, 2233, 5113, 327, 247, 2806, 4114, 15, 5815, 1789, 275, 253, 5447, 310, 6607, 407, 8187, 3888, 15, 5317, 577, 2722, 271, 1650, 273, 253, 2460, 432, 253, 3236, 10895, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 577, 15, 187, 187, 34, 3632, 2460, 432, 6392, 3077, 14, 2313, 5447, 15, 187, 187, 30128, 497, 501, 1025, 281, 1384, 407, 1384, 15115, 285, 840, 650, 698, 1179, 264, 970, 253, 1563, 7212, 323, 18899, 48560, 544, 1797, 5218, 187, 187, 2811, 27, 535, 50276, 11, 50275, 1253, 48560, 273, 247, 12275, 28, 535, 50276, 11, 50275, 1253, 403, 2502, 13, 4759, 285, 4797, 4295, 273, 247, 12275, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 3733, 10895, 352, 369, 6777, 281, 897, 3387, 3888, 323, 1016, 1789, 285, 253, 643, 4567, 3888, 497, 908, 323, 253, 1071, 10895, 15, 496, 2264, 577, 13, 20181, 3888, 497, 908, 323, 253, 3733, 10895, 285, 495, 13, 1052, 323, 253, 1071, 10895, 15, 187, 187, 817, 577, 25632, 32424, 187, 187, 4118, 577, 15, 18, 23280, 35052, 273, 253, 18147, 48349, 10701, 187, 187, 510, 10336, 273, 271, 13345, 11454, 2990, 275, 253, 3368, 310, 417, 3638, 285, 476, 1818, 1309, 253, 5606, 1232, 15, 1723, 13, 359, 1335, 452, 281, 4853, 271, 3302, 10336, 273, 253, 11454, 2990, 15, 733, 369, 4425, 281, 26641, 271, 10336, 273, 253, 2990, 342, 581, 8763, 3828, 760, 285, 923, 604, 352, 43279, 715, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 15, 5270, 337, 8631, 247, 5281, 273, 253, 6928, 908, 387, 253, 3302, 3924, 323, 1016, 22791, 15, 187, 187, 3235, 337, 15, 187, 187, 23527, 35615, 273, 11454, 6928, 15, 187, 187, 35, 15152, 4698, 1895, 1040, 41401, 5281, 187, 187, 20782, 187, 187, 19968, 8608, 91, 10318, 980, 1040, 187, 187, 6288, 15720, 24321, 1040, 187, 187, 5915, 3077, 14, 2313, 1040, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 1774, 281, 4366, 326, 253, 16323, 6928, 403, 7777, 3676, 27, 253, 1180, 273, 8763, 8090, 369, 11962, 875, 577, 285, 608, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 581, 273, 253, 16483, 4870, 323, 6392, 3077, 14, 2313, 22791, 4197, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 342, 577, 8763, 8090, 27, 50276, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 577, 15, 19, 16459, 23109, 36944, 187, 187, 510, 1618, 273, 3700, 3470, 369, 908, 281, 23554, 247, 399, 8504, 15, 5270, 374, 2722, 534, 3470, 497, 908, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4284, 2193, 273, 50275, 395, 50275, 1542, 914, 50094, 322, 15379, 1238, 13, 322, 15379, 1238, 12128, 13, 25411, 67, 3422, 285, 378, 50094, 3470, 403, 27, 50276, 13, 50275, 510, 4284, 2193, 273, 50275, 395, 50275, 1542, 14299, 1159, 403, 27, 50276, 13, 50276, 15, 187, 187, 3235, 374, 15, 187, 187, 2765, 273, 4666, 3700, 3470, 15, 187, 187, 11594, 1416, 1040, 20860, 187, 187, 20782, 187, 187, 13996, 1040, 187, 187, 2447, 50094, 322, 15379, 1238, 1040, 187, 187, 44765, 1040, 187, 187, 52, 15379, 1238, 12128, 1040, 187, 187, 40105, 67, 3422, 322, 15379, 1238, 1040, 187, 187, 35, 50094, 322, 15379, 1238, 1040, 187, 187, 4118, 577, 15, 20, 12675, 318, 273, 253, 18147, 27452, 552, 48349, 10701, 187, 187, 1231, 403, 1469, 281, 897, 247, 22054, 12018, 2241, 552, 2746, 281, 6194, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 275, 776, 985, 15, 3813, 13, 359, 452, 281, 7617, 849, 253, 2990, 943, 320, 6607, 285, 534, 3186, 9158, 943, 320, 908, 323, 253, 16483, 1232, 15, 187, 187, 34, 15406, 4428, 27, 535, 50276, 18, 15, 337, 15, 187, 187, 1145, 3781, 273, 12624, 342, 4602, 13461, 534, 403, 6607, 347, 1524, 3904, 15, 535, 50276, 19, 15, 374, 15, 187, 187, 34, 4315, 273, 20483, 13139, 323, 8763, 8090, 285, 253, 3453, 3828, 273, 253, 3676, 11454, 2990, 15, 535, 50276, 20, 15, 495, 15, 187, 187, 34, 4315, 342, 3602, 534, 403, 6607, 347, 5113, 323, 4666, 3700, 3470, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 608, 15, 187, 187, 15499, 474, 6779, 273, 247, 15406, 15, 187, 187, 2841, 608, 2722, 247, 29886, 6779, 273, 247, 15406, 275, 247, 399, 8504, 13, 835, 27, 295, 310, 247, 1180, 273, 8090, 13, 50276, 13, 50276, 13, 34845, 50275, 609, 12624, 273, 4602, 13461, 875, 3280, 14, 19057, 13, 8763, 14, 19057, 285, 8763, 14, 9252, 7632, 28, 50276, 13, 50276, 13, 34845, 50275, 609, 16417, 273, 3700, 3470, 2330, 342, 1016, 3828, 28, 50276, 13, 50276, 13, 34845, 50275, 609, 16417, 273, 3602, 323, 1016, 4666, 3700, 1159, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 577, 15, 21, 14736, 9704, 2392, 187, 187, 688, 253, 3368, 359, 4425, 281, 897, 1097, 31595, 285, 10577, 3186, 9158, 281, 23554, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 15, 329, 3072, 1979, 275, 581, 5978, 310, 2233, 25112, 15, 380, 3072, 310, 4561, 342, 247, 3632, 1180, 273, 8763, 8090, 13, 3632, 4602, 13461, 285, 3700, 3470, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 3732, 247, 14871, 2715, 273, 253, 31595, 5572, 15, 380, 985, 3936, 767, 20667, 25112, 285, 2789, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 806, 581, 13, 534, 4948, 247, 1429, 15406, 15, 2635, 352, 10040, 684, 949, 512, 8090, 275, 253, 1273, 15406, 285, 28467, 387, 3632, 247, 4602, 2801, 285, 247, 4666, 3700, 1159, 281, 320, 22489, 715, 253, 1429, 15406, 15, 380, 1180, 273, 12421, 6777, 4602, 13461, 285, 3700, 3470, 18207, 281, 50276, 13, 835, 295, 310, 253, 1180, 273, 8512, 275, 253, 3828, 273, 253, 1655, 19502, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10577, 5572, 10384, 323, 1097, 1655, 25112, 285, 323, 25112, 4561, 347, 253, 906, 273, 253, 31595, 5199, 15, 329, 5912, 273, 253, 10577, 275, 253, 4602, 13461, 285, 4666, 3700, 3470, 310, 50276, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 4602, 13461, 13, 247, 10577, 5572, 10513, 247, 3632, 3605, 323, 1016, 3828, 285, 2544, 247, 4602, 2801, 1318, 875, 50275, 395, 50276, 13, 835, 50275, 261, 253, 1655, 1318, 273, 4602, 2801, 285, 391, 310, 247, 12421, 4561, 2193, 875, 470, 285, 337, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 4666, 3700, 3470, 13, 247, 10577, 5572, 671, 10513, 247, 3632, 3605, 323, 1016, 3828, 285, 36287, 247, 1159, 4441, 387, 326, 1899, 342, 247, 3632, 3700, 1159, 432, 253, 41364, 1618, 15, 1198, 25537, 3602, 275, 4666, 3700, 3470, 13, 253, 10577, 5572, 2544, 247, 1318, 273, 50275, 17352, 50275, 395, 608, 15, 17, 15, 329, 1318, 273, 50275, 31973, 875, 50275, 395, 608, 15, 17, 323, 14299, 1159, 285, 875, 337, 15, 17, 285, 608, 15, 17, 323, 322, 15379, 1238, 13, 322, 15379, 1238, 12128, 13, 25411, 67, 3422, 285, 378, 50094, 3470, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4561, 3072, 4428, 3676, 11454, 6928, 273, 1027, 6864, 12319, 432, 337, 281, 608, 8763, 8090, 285, 352, 310, 417, 247, 2256, 281, 1818, 1309, 253, 16483, 1232, 15, 1198, 271, 10336, 13, 247, 10577, 5572, 387, 806, 28467, 247, 3828, 273, 253, 11454, 2990, 13, 840, 352, 12421, 28467, 534, 5572, 281, 4647, 27, 823, 390, 5386, 15, 5733, 5572, 11323, 247, 747, 23586, 281, 253, 3786, 6777, 3828, 15, 20004, 9158, 26586, 253, 1390, 4666, 432, 253, 3828, 15, 329, 5912, 273, 2873, 839, 271, 10336, 273, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 310, 50276, 15, 187, 187, 817, 608, 11279, 187, 187, 2214, 1016, 22791, 1895, 1384, 4679, 497, 2684, 27, 884, 4679, 323, 25537, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 342, 253, 9788, 78, 1238, 3700, 1159, 275, 1016, 23586, 285, 884, 4679, 835, 4666, 3700, 3470, 497, 16323, 323, 1016, 23586, 15, 29028, 13461, 285, 10336, 497, 10486, 16323, 1309, 253, 22054, 12018, 2241, 552, 1232, 275, 512, 4679, 15, 5815, 3368, 4428, 2233, 25142, 15, 187, 187, 510, 906, 273, 1016, 3368, 310, 247, 1180, 13, 534, 6125, 253, 5230, 14, 10722, 14, 15044, 2228, 313, 26889, 2354, 10, 2330, 342, 3515, 247, 2990, 327, 253, 1071, 941, 873, 15, 25607, 2354, 310, 2931, 407, 2097, 273, 253, 1563, 7212, 27, 187, 187, 9, 18, 10, 187, 187, 2811, 27, 187, 187, 3235, 495, 15, 187, 187, 9340, 323, 4819, 8608, 91, 10318, 980, 15, 187, 187, 47, 1040 ]	a NTF and its parameters, along with the evolution of connection weights and an architecture in Deep Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition problems. The evolutionary approach to an ANN training process consists of two major phases. The first phase is to decide on the representation of connection weights and an architecture: in a form of binary strings or not. In the experiments performed in this paper, the connection weights are represented as real-number matrices. The second phase is to develop an evolutionary process, in which search operators, such as crossover and mutation, have to be defined in conjunction with the representation scheme. In this paper we use crossover and mutation operators for evolving connection weights, transfer functions and an architecture of a deep neural network. In the scope of this paper we developed an evolutionary deep system to perform tests of the proposed method on different pattern recognition problems. The evolutionary cycle of the system is illustrated on Fig. 1, where: * Decode – decoding of each individual (genotype) in the current generation into a set of connection weights, transfer functions and an architecture, constructing a corresponding Deep ANNs. * Evaluate – evaluating effectiveness of each deep neural network by computing its total mean square error between actual and target outputs. The fitness of an individual is determined by the error. The higher the error, the lower the fitness. * Select – parents selection based on their fitness for the further reproduction. * Generate – applying search operators, such as crossover and mutation for the connection weights, an architecture and transfer functions to selected parents in order to generate offspring, which form the next generation. Fig. 1. An evolutionary cycle of the system. ## 3 Pattern Recognition Benchmarks In order to test the proposed system and make sure that it performs better on pattern recognition problems with different training and test datasets sizes, three benchmarks were employed. ### 3.1 Brodatz Textures The Brodatz Textures [18] are scans of a set of glossy black and white prints of the corresponding textures in the Brodatz book. While these prints are pictures of the same textures as in the book, in most cases they are not the same image as the one in the book. An example of the texture, which represents "Grass", can be seen on Fig. 2. Fig. 2. Example of the Brodatz Texture. Since this is a small dataset, it was decided to use only training data for the performance validation of the deep evolutionary system. The first 26 images from the dataset were used for the experiment. Original images were resized to 30 by 30 pixels. ### 3.2 Handwritten Digits For this benchmark problem MNIST [19] data set was used. It contains tens of thousands of scanned images of handwritten digits, together with their correct classifications. MNIST's name comes from the fact that it is a modified subset of two data sets collected by NIST, the United States' National Institute of Standards and Technology. Figure 3 shows a few images from the data set. The dataset was divided into two parts: the first part contains 1, 000 handwritten digits to be used as a training data and the second part contains 2, 000 images to be used as a test data. These images are 28 by 28 pixels in size. Fig. 3. Examples of images from MNIST. ### 3.3 COIL-100 The COIL-100 database [20] contains a set of 7, 200 colored images of 100 objects on a black background. Each object in the database is represented by 72 images. Figure 4 shows an example of the image from the original dataset. Fig. 4. A random image from COIL-100 database. Images were resized to 20 by 20 pixels and then grayscaled using the following formula for calculating luminance [21]: where: * – luminance of a pixel; * – are red, green and blue components of a pixel. For the training dataset it was chosen to use 40 images for each object and the other 32 images were used for the test dataset. In total 4, 000 images were used for the training dataset and 3, 200 for the test dataset. ## 4 Experimental Setting ### 4.1 Initial Architecture of the Deep Neural Network The architecture of an artificial neural network in the experiment is not constant and can change during the evolution process. However, we still have to define an initial architecture of the neural network. It was decided to initialize an architecture of the network with one hidden layer only and see if it evolves into a deep neural network. Table 1 describes a shape of the networks used at the initial stage for each benchmark. Table 1. Initial architectures of neural networks. Benchmark problem \| ANN shape ---\|--- Brodatz Textures \| Handwritten digits \| COIL-100 \| It is important to notice that the evolved networks are truly deep: the number of hidden layers was varying between 4 and 5. For example, one of the evolutionary processes for COIL-100 benchmark produced a deep neural network with 4 hidden layers: . ### 4.2 Node Transfer Functions The list of transfer functions was used to evolve a DNN. Table 2 shows which functions were used. The default values of and for Unipolar Sigmoid, Sigmoid Prime, Hyperbolic and Bipolar functions are: , The default values of and for Gaussian function are: , . Table 2. List of node transfer functions. Function name \| Equation ---\|--- Step \| Unipolar Sigmoid \| Gaussian \| Sigmoid Prime \| Hyperbolic Sigmoid \| Bipolar Sigmoid \| ### 4.3 Representation of the Deep Evolutionary Neural Network We are going to use a NeuroEvolutionary approach to train a deep neural network in our system. Therefore, we have to decide how the network should be represented and which search operators should be used for the evolutionary process. A chromosome contains: 1. 1. An array of matrices with connection weights which are represented as real numbers. 2. 2. A matrix of NTFs for hidden layers and the output layer of the deep neural network. 3. 3. A matrix with parameters which are represented as objects for node transfer functions. Fig. 5. Graphical representation of a chromosome. Figure 5 shows a graphical representation of a chromosome in a DNN, where: n is a number of layers, , , ..., are matrices of connection weights between input-hidden, hidden-hidden and hidden-output nodes; , , ..., are arrays of transfer functions associated with each layer; , , ..., are arrays of parameters for each node transfer function. ### 4.4 Search Operators In the experiment we decided to use both crossover and mutation search operators to evolve a deep neural network. A population size in one generation is 100 chromosomes. The population is generated with a random number of hidden layers, random connection weights and transfer functions. We applied a randomized version of the crossover operator. The system takes two neighboring chromosomes and makes a copy of the first one, which forms a child chromosome. Then it iterates through all layers in the second chromosome and chooses at random a connection weight and a node transfer function to be copied into the child chromosome. The number of randomly chosen connection weights and transfer functions equals to , where n is the number of neurons in the layer of the current iteration. The mutation operator applies for both current chromosomes and for chromosomes generated as the result of the crossover procedure. A probability of the mutation in the connection weights and node transfer functions is . For connection weights, a mutation operator creates a random index for each layer and changes a connection weight value between and , where is the current value of connection weight and r is a randomly generated values between 0 and 1. For node transfer functions, a mutation operator also creates a random index for each layer and replaces a function located at that position with a random transfer function from the predefined list. For evolving parameters in node transfer functions, the mutation operator changes a value of between and 5.0. A value of changes between and 5.0 for Gaussian function and between 1.0 and 5.0 for Sigmoid, Sigmoid Prime, Hyperbolic and Bipolar functions. The generated population contains deep neural networks of different depth ranging from 1 to 5 hidden layers and it is not a subject to change during the evolutionary process. For an architecture, a mutation operator at first chooses a layer of the neural network, then it randomly chooses which operator to apply: add or remove. Add operator adds a new neuron to the previously chosen layer. Remove operators removes the last node from the layer. A probability of mutating an architecture of a deep neural network is . ## 5 Results For each benchmark problem 20 experiments were performed: 10 experiments for evolving a deep neural network with the sigmoid transfer function in each neuron and 10 experiments where node transfer functions were evolved for each neuron. Connection weights and architecture were simultaneously evolved during the NeuroEvolutionary process in all experiments. Each experiment contains 100 iterations. The result of each experiment is a number, which represents the root-mean-square error (RMSE) associated with running a network on the test data set. RMSE is defined by means of the following formula: (1) where: Table 3. Results for Brodatz Textures. N \|
[ 320, 773, 531, 668, 3811, 33494, 326, 14488, 3638, 28423, 281, 7102, 253, 6105, 15, 2656, 13, 253, 3392, 13, 1057, 417, 1818, 13, 344, 310, 253, 1072, 11066, 13, 3063, 13, 285, 11654, 15, 380, 6105, 273, 7670, 2828, 13, 604, 352, 457, 84, 327, 6149, 13, 3198, 281, 320, 247, 6105, 326, 369, 16789, 407, 2828, 342, 253, 12153, 273, 1249, 30828, 868, 13, 247, 33494, 13, 285, 954, 15538, 13, 253, 14959, 3639, 273, 7122, 407, 253, 23157, 327, 273, 3564, 407, 1110, 665, 452, 253, 6265, 15, 187, 187, 2347, 513, 368, 871, 1780, 300, 457, 84, 4468, 310, 33842, 32, 733, 778, 320, 13, 533, 368, 403, 275, 642, 1899, 281, 871, 15, 831, 310, 271, 39670, 6015, 4468, 407, 1142, 952, 665, 403, 33842, 13, 533, 281, 871, 326, 667, 581, 1436, 457, 84, 2048, 273, 253, 4468, 310, 33842, 13, 368, 651, 452, 281, 871, 1633, 625, 670, 253, 1436, 685, 253, 958, 326, 597, 39544, 313, 263, 4159, 10, 824, 247, 4468, 15, 187, 187, 2906, 300, 457, 84, 4468, 795, 261, 64, 247, 795, 1851, 42858, 64, 581, 13, 33842, 390, 417, 15, 5402, 12252, 2299, 13, 310, 271, 4755, 285, 21210, 10358, 323, 34275, 1204, 390, 247, 2074, 745, 40719, 15, 380, 13534, 1057, 417, 1329, 326, 2656, 18107, 521, 952, 949, 773, 531, 668, 33494, 15, 401, 34416, 13, 627, 497, 2709, 45888, 773, 250, 32177, 3638, 28423, 6598, 1707, 497, 417, 13265, 30828, 868, 1919, 253, 673, 273, 2828, 13, 285, 436, 1180, 20578, 323, 1679, 685, 247, 5978, 15, 6279, 13, 253, 643, 30828, 868, 7932, 4268, 284, 13, 533, 840, 627, 310, 642, 3748, 273, 253, 15706, 273, 253, 643, 30828, 868, 347, 597, 497, 16172, 90, 433, 15, 5220, 13, 604, 359, 1379, 10369, 5171, 457, 84, 4060, 347, 773, 522, 493, 282, 668, 281, 253, 12390, 13, 840, 627, 497, 27291, 323, 247, 2159, 673, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1635, 13, 627, 310, 1652, 1921, 281, 2868, 326, 253, 9140, 273, 45368, 651, 7933, 4035, 15, 5171, 457, 84, 25527, 1056, 2590, 326, 512, 273, 253, 17714, 273, 253, 5968, 313, 10387, 45368, 13, 8288, 275, 50102, 13, 28065, 20658, 723, 13, 3966, 2698, 651, 22907, 281, 320, 795, 16829, 64, 2389, 15, 187, 187, 10971, 13, 281, 752, 513, 368, 3730, 342, 253, 1307, 773, 3225, 383, 3639, 43820, 1310, 368, 1599, 10954, 390, 638, 24751, 13, 326, 25368, 281, 2226, 342, 253, 13701, 273, 2828, 457, 84, 747, 33043, 15, 1876, 15600, 497, 638, 24751, 285, 954, 13, 604, 417, 512, 13, 497, 10954, 15, 1310, 368, 1599, 7038, 273, 253, 6105, 13, 841, 497, 3365, 6289, 281, 347, 773, 4486, 1821, 668, 390, 1633, 12014, 15786, 15, 1284, 323, 23157, 327, 273, 3564, 13, 436, 310, 671, 25333, 15, 8452, 10090, 3564, 327, 253, 806, 3558, 273, 253, 14959, 3639, 32, 1621, 3748, 273, 23157, 327, 273, 3564, 310, 5393, 275, 253, 2395, 273, 19464, 886, 493, 275, 5922, 330, 15, 38, 537, 1737, 795, 261, 64, 5393, 310, 2656, 457, 84, 18465, 5968, 13, 534, 4419, 642, 3564, 285, 476, 320, 1677, 281, 3780, 407, 2656, 387, 5913, 673, 2656, 28467, 15, 380, 760, 2590, 1941, 359, 403, 1677, 313, 3529, 309, 871, 273, 10, 281, 5963, 273, 824, 10023, 273, 5968, 310, 5950, 275, 7667, 255, 2458, 608, 13, 253, 18098, 273, 253, 5968, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 2644, 5955, 18200, 479, 347, 20873, 15, 4952, 604, 359, 2997, 253, 2934, 273, 1495, 846, 2471, 285, 253, 4473, 273, 773, 248, 7603, 668, 313, 4609, 309, 1053, 457, 85, 582, 752, 897, 651, 7670, 452, 323, 521, 29325, 1245, 13, 11069, 2133, 32, 187, 1231, 512, 871, 326, 8248, 273, 253, 3846, 10027, 13, 597, 403, 273, 642, 897, 275, 773, 248, 7603, 6598, 1310, 13926, 4961, 387, 512, 13, 352, 1364, 2057, 320, 26956, 342, 2133, 14, 1417, 773, 30917, 953, 7521, 390, 4130, 4850, 247, 5322, 747, 2133, 313, 5430, 1711, 310, 436, 2133, 309, 4282, 14677, 1707, 310, 642, 878, 13, 390, 897, 323, 634, 1711, 3520, 13, 7565, 314, 2133, 15, 187, 510, 5004, 1386, 310, 27, 6049, 651, 7670, 878, 281, 294, 14, 16441, 521, 1711, 2133, 13, 672, 4130, 2010, 4850, 247, 5322, 747, 581, 8220, 187, 2042, 19639, 2042, 7670, 457, 84, 2133, 773, 3431, 6243, 1096, 668, 432, 253, 26908, 13, 4518, 3095, 4395, 352, 2, 1621, 5545, 281, 2007, 253, 40926, 15873, 3753, 273, 253, 2362, 15, 329, 3846, 2133, 323, 512, 281, 923, 651, 2238, 273, 1379, 1977, 253, 10721, 432, 253, 2774, 13, 651, 352, 417, 32, 6491, 651, 3037, 326, 5747, 512, 326, 369, 753, 13, 275, 253, 990, 521, 2133, 369, 347, 3846, 347, 667, 643, 35093, 13, 285, 342, 352, 651, 3150, 512, 1869, 326, 344, 369, 667, 1027, 432, 3780, 2010, 15, 21461, 417, 253, 4840, 13560, 846, 512, 2, 3105, 1175, 323, 29957, 2, 187, 187, 1619, 1284, 597, 13781, 253, 7773, 281, 534, 597, 497, 1469, 13, 7670, 4821, 327, 347, 604, 344, 497, 1469, 21816, 15, 3285, 1292, 597, 18343, 779, 7052, 13, 773, 28412, 342, 441, 13, 323, 352, 310, 4829, 7237, 28, 253, 1388, 310, 2761, 689, 1425, 1893, 344, 2427, 275, 281, 3297, 342, 731, 15, 187, 187, 1229, 2091, 344, 369, 387, 253, 2829, 342, 731, 13, 344, 2335, 10238, 13, 3534, 6701, 13, 9377, 352, 285, 3407, 281, 1918, 352, 281, 731, 15, 4562, 2635, 616, 2927, 497, 5485, 285, 597, 7478, 779, 13, 285, 344, 15159, 432, 616, 8184, 15, 4567, 1583, 2546, 1016, 643, 13, 773, 41192, 417, 776, 15060, 13195, 1561, 441, 1223, 344, 10062, 342, 441, 327, 253, 3971, 285, 5485, 253, 20378, 980, 281, 441, 7721, 187, 187, 1610, 1583, 1694, 598, 285, 4895, 387, 2378, 281, 17913, 15, 1707, 597, 1119, 253, 49075, 285, 1110, 342, 731, 13, 17412, 2366, 5910, 285, 3981, 13, 773, 1147, 310, 2032, 2, 380, 6203, 556, 28987, 285, 556, 5420, 281, 14698, 1425, 4791, 2635, 253, 767, 2183, 752, 574, 4592, 327, 253, 1039, 13, 285, 849, 7670, 369, 7478, 407, 731, 672, 344, 9377, 253, 10238, 15, 187, 187, 17304, 368, 1663, 2868, 667, 273, 436, 604, 352, 313, 38653, 15376, 10, 4592, 3063, 32, 844, 452, 5396, 13693, 982, 8785, 562, 512, 16308, 273, 6326, 773, 17001, 13853, 668, 3063, 13, 2568, 642, 581, 275, 253, 4255, 3936, 731, 10369, 15, 187, 6436, 368, 403, 3240, 5480, 281, 2868, 13, 1474, 483, 314, 13, 40926, 15873, 25527, 432, 6763, 273, 1107, 3622, 15, 2053, 17438, 497, 3542, 407, 952, 13, 665, 13, 407, 3063, 457, 84, 7465, 13, 497, 28884, 43401, 15, 19906, 479, 13, 752, 858, 7670, 2028, 28473, 13, 326, 253, 952, 273, 521, 673, 858, 417, 2168, 871, 32, 1359, 1142, 4852, 651, 452, 644, 9809, 604, 344, 574, 2183, 952, 670, 14638, 84, 13, 285, 15140, 731, 281, 14841, 616, 3564, 1078, 9123, 32, 187, 510, 773, 1665, 273, 2656, 668, 651, 871, 670, 14638, 84, 15, 7670, 9090, 858, 417, 13, 390, 344, 651, 452, 638, 2729, 1633, 7777, 4217, 281, 28473, 15, 7670, 369, 313, 338, 344, 13164, 387, 512, 10, 247, 637, 13, 247, 1018, 43307, 50146, 4931, 13, 533, 1966, 13, 417, 34612, 285, 7613, 642, 44515, 15, 1422, 452, 281, 23277, 634, 4619, 43686, 447, 281, 1379, 667, 273, 436, 10369, 15, 187, 187, 25179, 13, 368, 403, 1077, 1199, 3430, 1060, 13, 14861, 15, 496, 253, 7225, 273, 253, 5405, 13, 46855, 13, 5913, 368, 971, 281, 1067, 352, 13, 2656, 4245, 2067, 4803, 670, 1146, 2634, 16437, 16433, 411, 3834, 616, 3564, 896, 840, 310, 760, 1896, 604, 359, 452, 21961, 13, 534, 310, 417, 326, 1711, 271, 3688, 15, 5595, 314, 816, 1824, 285, 44221, 313, 4609, 2506, 457, 85, 5159, 2712, 30970, 187, 187, 11389, 13, 476, 368, 5513, 849, 773, 249, 1340, 281, 320, 806, 13, 368, 1364, 320, 1390, 668, 310, 247, 9551, 5662, 685, 7670, 457, 2940, 670, 84, 327, 253, 7565, 32, 6279, 13, 247, 2257, 273, 752, 754, 10256, 369, 2634, 744, 11976, 326, 369, 629, 273, 253, 1127, 273, 253, 8937, 26529, 15, 22660, 1039, 13, 4496, 1908, 752, 309, 2183, 368, 672, 368, 3597, 281, 30080, 253, 4737, 273, 253, 501, 459, 421, 15, 187, 187, 4509, 247, 3158, 4384, 3186, 27, 187, 19159, 2892, 510, 18353, 5950, 1941, 273, 253, 3275, 273, 21961, 14, 3022, 4753, 12282, 896, 281, 1475, 3349, 361, 12895, 275, 32198, 37125, 4681, 22, 62, 496, 253, 19485, 273, 427, 357, 251, 301, 316, 313, 35466, 1253, 32941, 46730, 10, 247, 13612, 323, 21961, 14278, 273, 1484, 31498, 100, 21362, 544, 13539, 1092, 2645, 7100, 544, 25746, 62, 285, 16517, 482, 544, 24270, 4166, 62, 773, 1542, 17392, 253, 17380, 323, 253, 21133, 6838, 668, 4681, 23, 62, 329, 7212, 323, 21961, 11253, 273, 1824, 13, 42391, 13, 285, 20725, 571, 4166, 369, 3542, 327, 247, 37125, 757, 24272, 19801, 1475, 374, 1518, 12895, 15, 187, 187, 510, 444, 1653, 13860, 22932, 313, 38, 9565, 13, 1458, 1235, 12895, 10, 6492, 326, 9129, 10253, 2458, 10464, 742, 11719, 285, 5678, 5893, 285, 21436, 24201, 342, 28790, 26793, 281, 2794, 247, 21961, 14, 3022, 10359, 15, 22437, 7177, 3748, 326, 247, 21961, 14, 3022, 10359, 369, 908, 275, 253, 9008, 273, 25818, 323, 49840, 15, 187, 187, 2598, 4518, 13, 14136, 7670, 2218, 1633, 4217, 13, 824, 347, 5513, 14638, 3762, 15, 13134, 621, 273, 952, 812, 452, 37081, 432, 352, 15, 187, 187, 41849, 13, 187, 1276, 23203, 6934, 5738, 16, 27035, 10256, 369, 323, 12435, 2802, 19480, 15385, 1422, 403, 7378, 281, 2613, 634, 9927, 985, 2220, 12717, 23229, 13, 1014, 13, 22973, 12717, 23229, 15, 380, 4181, 368, 403, 7378, 281, 564, 281, 45577, 15101, 273, 9551, 2717, 4217, 310, 7746, 285, 492, 614, 15, 329, 20028, 273, 849, 1199, 789, 352, 3936, 281, 13292, 15101, 15, 3323, 84, 32, 10712, 24744, 32, 187, 1992, 21927, 366, 634, 4154, 309, 3959, 368, 436, 27, 187, 4967, 513, 368, 9428, 352, 369, 253, 2840, 273, 247, 3167, 281, 14841, 253, 4669, 273, 12958, 347, 597, 5966, 715, 521, 2419, 32, 187, 1328, 858, 417, 8138, 3032, 673, 9551, 731, 849, 281, 31179, 616, 533, 1641, 13, 513, 616, 17114, 13, 390, 667, 643, 273, 253, 3520, 8041, 1972, 597, 13353, 26193, 15, 14482, 368, 417, 26212, 15101, 323, 326, 347, 973, 32, 187, 187, 2347, 2223, 513, 26289, 1346, 2940, 715, 18307, 6629, 281, 9798, 2876, 3762, 32, 3771, 984, 7670, 3260, 670, 14638, 84, 285, 30250, 2506, 457, 85, 1599, 326, 253, 952, 344, 369, 9551, 651, 2096, 313, 783, 5859, 3589, 457, 85, 627, 2568, 481, 496, 958, 13, 7670, 310, 5950, 347, 1907, 753, 1633, 1077, 1199, 751, 436, 313, 8732, 1668, 27, 805, 582, 2167, 359, 3798, 5467, 326, 253, 3908, 310, 14339, 281, 45368, 285, 643, 12435, 35086, 15, 187, 187, 11389, 13, 352, 10095, 457, 85, 452, 644, 3309, 323, 7670, 281, 9798, 731, 773, 2703, 3762, 6598, 1583, 574, 2168, 644, 17189, 849, 281, 3693, 824, 10332, 275, 253, 1984, 273, 253, 1569, 15, 1707, 497, 1077, 7654, 4803, 670, 17392, 13, 670, 1966, 8138, 1146, 4934, 3345, 773, 783, 2986, 668, 313, 17873, 417, 26193, 407, 2571, 13, 270, 7553, 582, 285, 773, 371, 5746, 1100, 668, 323, 773, 328, 16437, 668, 7732, 15, 9240, 1563, 1110, 7997, 812, 6830, 1805, 3693, 14638, 84, 685, 952, 665, 4336, 2096, 752, 14638, 84, 403, 15, 11056, 13, 359, 2096, 14638, 84, 13, 285, 1335, 359, 1509, 10332, 432, 1436, 281, 1436, 275, 829, 5954, 15, 6676, 273, 253, 25894, 10332, 452, 644, 6331, 417, 407, 15423, 4116, 281, 14638, 28772, 313, 2004, 326, 5604, 7729, 582, 533, 281, 7062, 7097, 13, 18042, 13, 285, 643, 28770, 273, 4980, 9921, 15, 187, 187, 41849, 15, 7670, 3589, 457, 85, 9202, 273, 3626, 2471, 13, 285, 344, 3589, 457, 85, 9202, 273, 952, 13889, 273, 3626, 2471, 15, 7670, 457, 4468, 369, 342, 616, 12435, 2471, 534, 651, 1421, 281, 23251, 2471, 285, 21207, 15, 1893, 7670, 2210, 281, 3984, 670, 23251, 1495, 13, 1199, 625, 15585, 685, 14638, 84, 15, 187, 187, 42, 476, 457, 85, 3984, 323, 512, 15600, 13, 533, 4266, 15, 309, 2868, 275, 253, 44515 ]	be “one” living prophet that receives constant revelation to guide the church. God, the father, does not change, he is the same yesterday, today, and forever. The church of Jesus Christ, if it’s on earth, needs to be a church that was restored by Christ with the foundation of 12 apostles, a prophet, and most importantly, the priesthood of god by the laying on of hands by those who have the authority. How do you know Aril’s concern is sincere? It may be, but you are in no position to know. This is an oft repeated concern by many people who are sincere, but to know that any one person’s expression of the concern is sincere, you would have to know something more about the person than the fact that they voiced (or wrote) such a concern. Aril’s concern _is_ a _legitimate_ one, sincere or not. Your reply however, is an obvious and erroneous plug for Mormonism or a similar offshoot. The Bible does not support that God guided his people through “one” prophet. Frequently, there were multiple prophets “receiving constant revelation”. There were not twelve apostles until the time of Christ, and this number lasted for less than a generation. Yes, the other apostles replaced Judas, but then there is no mention of the replacing of the other apostles as they were martyred. Also, if we take seriously Paul’s title as “apostle” to the nations, then there were thirteen for a short time. In addition, there is little reason to believe that the gift of prophecy would necessarily continue. Paul’s writings make clear that all of the gifts of the spirit (including prophecy, speaking in tongues, miracle healings, etc.) would cease to be _except_ love. Finally, to what do you refer with the term “priesthood”? If you mean teachers or preachers, that ceased to exist with the establishment of Christ’s new covenant. All Christians were preachers and most, if not all, were teachers. If you mean leaders of the church, these were simply referred to as “older men” or something similarly translated. As for laying on of hands, this is also nonsense. Who laid hands on the first member of the priesthood? No mention of laying on of hands is mentioned in the account of Pentecost in 33 C.E.. What _is_ mentioned is God’s holy spirit, which requires no hands and can be given to anyone by God at whatever time God chooses. The only clear evidence we are given (that I know of) to judge of such possession of spirit is recorded in Galatians 5, the fruits of the spirit. This whole discussion strikes me as absurd. Even if we accept the idea of life after death and the concept of “heaven” (which I don’t), what use would Jesus have for his crucified, destroyed body? We all know that bodies of the dead decay, they are of no use in “heaven”. If heaven exists at all, it must either be populated with body-less “spirits”, or everyone gets a nice new body (how old is this body I wonder?) There is no need, or use for your old physical, Earthly body. The bottom line is: Why would Jesus need to re-cycle his old body, when everyone else gets a nice new one?? If….If Jesus’s body “disappeared” from the tomb, clearly someone moved it! No doubt to further the miraculous nature of the event. A dead body for all to see would kind of take away the magic from the moment, would it not? People would learn that despite all that was said, in the end his body was as dead as any other corpse, and with it would die all thought that he was any different from anyone else. Clearly not the messiah after all! Not good for publicity! 28 As they approached the village to which they were going, Jesus continued on as if he were going farther. 29 But they urged him strongly, “Stay with us, for it is nearly evening; the day is almost over.” So he went in to stay with them. 30 When he was at the table with them, he took bread, gave thanks, broke it and began to give it to them. 31 Then their eyes were opened and they recognized him, and he disappeared from their sight. 32 They asked each other, “Were not our hearts burning within us while he talked with us on the road and opened the Scriptures to us?” 33 They got up and returned at once to Jerusalem. There they found the Eleven and those with them, assembled together 34 and saying, “It is true! The Lord has risen and has appeared to Simon.” 35 Then the two told what had happened on the way, and how Jesus was recognized by them when he broke the bread. Would you really believe any of this if it (allegedly) happened today? We have Indian mystics carrying out all sorts of supposed “miracles” today, yet no one in the West takes them seriously. However you are quite prepared to believe, devoutly, miraculous writings from thousands of years ago. These texts were written by people, who, by today’s standards, were ignorant peasants. Tell me, what did Jesus tell mankind, that the people of his time did not already know? How many lives would have been saved if he had told people about germs, and advised them to wash their hands before eating? The “son of God” would know about germs. Jesus obviously did not, or he would have preached something truly useful to mankind. Jesus was (if he existed at all) a man, a charismatic preacher perhaps, but human, not supernatural and hence no resurrection. You have to surrender your critical faculties to take any of this seriously. Actually, you are very much wrong here, Tony. In the Book of the Law, Torah, whatever you want to call it, God gives several rules about being `clean`. Washing their hands back then is only possible if we have soap, which is not that old an invention. Mostly just water and perfume (which doesn’t kill anything!). Further, can you explain how “in order to be first, you must be last” is a teaching older than Jesus’ walk abouts on the Earth? Yes, a lot of what He taught was `old`, that was part of the point of the Old Testament. Either way, please consider what I told you when you tried to rebut the proof of the resurection. From a quick web search: Early historyThe earliest recorded evidence of the production of soap-like materials dates back to around 2800 BC in Ancient Babylon.[5] In the reign of Nabonidus (556–539 BCE) a recipe for soap consisted of uḥulu [ashes], cypress [oil] and sesame [seed oil] “for washing the stones for the servant girls”.[6] A formula for soap consisting of water, alkali, and cassia oil was written on a Babylonian clay tablet around 2200 BC. The Ebers papyrus (Egypt, 1550 BC) indicates that ancient Egyptians bathed regularly and combined animal and vegetable oils with alkaline salts to create a soap-like substance. Egyptian documents mention that a soap-like substance was used in the preparation of wool for weaving. So clearly, Had Jesus done something useful, such as explain germ theory. Millions of people could have benefited from it. Tony, What Yeoshua/Jesus taught was for spiritual ‘food’. You are willing to base your belief system upon tangibles, even, microscopic tangibles. The distance you are willing to go to accuse Him of teaching nothing useful is telling and trite. A demonstration of how much work it takes to deny Him. Germs? .. Really? To placate your argument I offer you this: Why do you suppose it was the custom of a host to wash the feet of guests as they entered into his house? He did not waste His time teaching them how to wipe their butts, do their dishes, or any other of the physical attendances they surely practiced. Should you not condemned Him for that as well? How often do physicists walk into elementary schools to teach string theory? Just because Jesus knew about germs and microorganisms doesn’t mean that the people he was teaching would understand (the science wasn’t there yet). In fact, Jesus is recorded as having said something very much like this (John 16:12), though we usually assume that the statement is referring to prophecy and other spiritual truths. Further, it shouldn’t have been necessary for Jesus to teach them “string theory”. They had already been instructed how to avoid such infections in the book of the law. There were very strict rules about washing, about human waste being kept outside “the camp” (something not practiced by others, btw), and “quarantines” for “unclean” persons. Those following those instructions could possibly better avoid germs than people who completely understand what germs are. Today, we understand germs, and still we pass infections from person to person incessantly. Many of the lethal infections have been stopped not by extraordinary attention to germ avoidance (though that certainly helps), but to vaccinations, antibiotics, and other wonders of modern medicine. Tony. Jesus wasn’t afraid of natural death, and he wasn’t afraid of people dying of natural death. Jesus’ concern was with their spiritual death which would lead to eternal death and torture. So Jesus came to speak about eternal life, much more profound than germs. I can’t speak for all Christians, but myself. I believe in the resurrection
[ 313, 16441, 337, 481, 380, 954, 3332, 5880, 313, 16441, 898, 10, 369, 2684, 275, 4332, 15, 496, 1016, 5880, 13, 247, 1846, 873, 273, 1786, 3533, 310, 2546, 281, 253, 15102, 15, 733, 3797, 3533, 670, 6255, 1786, 285, 973, 14, 11952, 13, 2728, 285, 1786, 3708, 13, 12461, 13, 1786, 1557, 4981, 5837, 13, 347, 973, 347, 14898, 285, 18522, 14, 17989, 2515, 15, 10635, 327, 253, 954, 3332, 15126, 544, 14231, 1092, 15102, 497, 2104, 281, 3426, 253, 6630, 4572, 428, 2057, 407, 11265, 390, 2454, 14, 936, 14, 1664, 428, 275, 581, 273, 253, 3495, 2022, 11515, 13452, 275, 6144, 15, 187, 187, 11586, 11491, 187, 187, 688, 253, 1986, 11491, 13, 253, 3270, 14, 12722, 30879, 8721, 1319, 3162, 273, 4267, 11029, 281, 4017, 253, 3570, 273, 512, 4292, 275, 9643, 285, 556, 247, 2590, 1618, 273, 773, 18641, 5319, 668, 824, 347, 2363, 13, 12564, 13, 8645, 17279, 5930, 13, 7875, 285, 5079, 11696, 13, 10438, 285, 45171, 414, 13, 5492, 13, 9596, 285, 9927, 13, 2825, 285, 5615, 11259, 544, 11838, 1570, 4129, 352, 310, 417, 271, 6843, 26777, 323, 11250, 273, 31691, 275, 2561, 253, 3162, 1057, 4647, 281, 247, 1180, 273, 10545, 8248, 534, 778, 11377, 275, 2561, 4712, 1690, 2208, 20036, 13, 2579, 11967, 13, 18652, 285, 4730, 11967, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3313, 4775, 6631, 275, 253, 5591, 556, 14969, 253, 6349, 273, 11250, 273, 773, 11958, 285, 15156, 16175, 668, 313, 35, 5288, 10, 7888, 544, 16607, 1570, 733, 310, 25048, 326, 841, 7888, 452, 30560, 1786, 6973, 13, 247, 12217, 1495, 36082, 285, 10183, 275, 13546, 2289, 281, 1786, 1557, 342, 6255, 1786, 1146, 273, 1798, 4468, 544, 14555, 1570, 329, 2620, 14, 2913, 2250, 2098, 1925, 253, 6304, 36731, 23752, 8721, 1319, 275, 29077, 4775, 313, 37, 1848, 10, 369, 4232, 275, 5826, 342, 253, 4736, 273, 8493, 25930, 323, 378, 5288, 7888, 3782, 275, 5886, 281, 616, 2793, 273, 285, 5016, 342, 6255, 1786, 3238, 544, 16989, 1570, 329, 2278, 273, 253, 399, 1848, 3636, 247, 1534, 2572, 275, 253, 8119, 272, 273, 2561, 275, 841, 7888, 15, 4794, 281, 253, 399, 1848, 616, 2561, 556, 773, 2955, 9357, 441, 281, 3157, 16175, 8667, 13, 4271, 1175, 3946, 285, 2085, 1805, 1491, 281, 1363, 668, 544, 16989, 1570, 187, 187, 510, 5489, 5631, 593, 25780, 323, 4775, 285, 8404, 9776, 544, 16717, 62, 36264, 253, 689, 50238, 9241, 273, 1175, 2561, 25978, 15, 13658, 253, 7792, 10384, 281, 2561, 7763, 281, 1786, 285, 2675, 1557, 313, 74, 15, 70, 904, 1690, 2561, 12600, 281, 1345, 1786, 13, 2561, 20023, 407, 253, 4487, 273, 4775, 13, 3382, 285, 1327, 14, 20892, 2561, 13, 253, 3313, 4775, 6631, 313, 47, 8282, 10, 285, 643, 2561, 8248, 1561, 253, 1786, 285, 2675, 1557, 2718, 481, 4794, 281, 253, 25780, 544, 16717, 5218, 2802, 28743, 13, 285, 1110, 23453, 352, 13, 943, 1675, 253, 9991, 273, 1966, 5948, 285, 2515, 285, 253, 1554, 40319, 3753, 273, 5948, 15, 32271, 4623, 13, 352, 943, 1379, 2395, 273, 2363, 13, 12564, 13, 8645, 13, 5615, 11259, 13, 5492, 13, 4466, 285, 9596, 275, 697, 2216, 13, 33405, 13, 285, 9610, 15, 380, 2133, 273, 2561, 1941, 2130, 281, 3646, 22741, 943, 4887, 253, 9991, 273, 253, 3072, 9027, 187, 187, 510, 5591, 556, 247, 6255, 1786, 5927, 10895, 313, 46, 25695, 5942, 10, 544, 8970, 62, 326, 310, 271, 7012, 3313, 4775, 6631, 1491, 2629, 15, 733, 369, 4158, 281, 7257, 11088, 13, 31122, 5185, 285, 10870, 1436, 14, 3169, 1491, 327, 952, 275, 3057, 342, 19616, 6561, 6255, 1786, 3238, 15, 733, 10949, 3238, 2530, 275, 13240, 13, 29964, 25543, 285, 275, 253, 3114, 15, 380, 5927, 10895, 3797, 18172, 273, 1363, 457, 31908, 15, 4794, 281, 253, 10720, 28530, 8339, 12169, 323, 4775, 285, 8404, 9776, 1304, 544, 8970, 62, 773, 21166, 327, 253, 31908, 273, 952, 970, 3238, 310, 1024, 2761, 3426, 323, 952, 665, 6947, 673, 275, 4675, 313, 4148, 15, 21, 591, 1399, 10, 285, 11289, 15, 22, 591, 1399, 3426, 323, 952, 665, 858, 417, 6947, 673, 275, 4675, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 1783, 407, 16175, 1387, 310, 2783, 3240, 9630, 6598, 187, 187, 34, 3872, 20740, 273, 253, 31908, 273, 275, 34732, 275, 28530, 285, 3907, 6255, 1786, 285, 4715, 12564, 3238, 275, 5854, 285, 15420, 556, 644, 5196, 1580, 5826, 15, 380, 10720, 1304, 2692, 326, 1491, 670, 31908, 369, 2130, 323, 10508, 6, 273, 512, 1363, 544, 18795, 1570, 187, 187, 11586, 2077, 273, 3968, 187, 187, 688, 253, 1986, 2077, 273, 3968, 253, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 313, 13652, 41, 10, 403, 37310, 407, 1569, 281, 5416, 253, 11250, 273, 15156, 2390, 275, 3382, 2561, 15, 380, 11250, 273, 841, 15156, 2390, 275, 3382, 2561, 1364, 320, 275, 247, 5133, 326, 310, 4569, 281, 253, 8249, 1953, 762, 1263, 544, 17472, 1570, 31279, 1005, 1364, 320, 2908, 275, 512, 3382, 2561, 2175, 13, 3782, 275, 19368, 6490, 3382, 7587, 13, 285, 253, 7587, 1364, 320, 4158, 281, 1581, 3588, 1783, 15, 380, 1569, 11120, 3054, 326, 2105, 310, 417, 12207, 347, 247, 1921, 323, 14978, 273, 15156, 7625, 15, 15022, 2561, 4893, 326, 1891, 281, 2486, 31691, 1293, 5277, 247, 3588, 1921, 778, 320, 4895, 1293, 2278, 15, 187, 187, 22737, 285, 31691, 778, 760, 320, 10432, 604, 11250, 275, 247, 3382, 2561, 1263, 310, 27, 187, 187, 249, 15976, 342, 1675, 281, 253, 1786, 273, 253, 5705, 28, 187, 187, 249, 15976, 342, 1675, 281, 253, 4096, 273, 253, 2561, 28, 187, 187, 249, 15976, 762, 824, 643, 5989, 347, 253, 9966, 273, 28569, 778, 42638, 28, 390, 187, 187, 783, 9600, 778, 2085, 326, 11250, 275, 247, 2332, 310, 417, 2424, 604, 627, 310, 6832, 8249, 941, 17227, 326, 627, 310, 642, 1534, 3064, 875, 313, 66, 10, 253, 2538, 326, 253, 4903, 281, 320, 5421, 275, 253, 2332, 452, 327, 2255, 390, 2758, 273, 15156, 2390, 13, 2975, 285, 313, 67, 10, 253, 2538, 326, 253, 4903, 452, 327, 253, 4292, 665, 651, 5752, 347, 5705, 275, 253, 2332, 275, 253, 2362, 326, 824, 11250, 310, 417, 2424, 544, 16271, 1570, 187, 187, 7542, 9354, 28569, 556, 14949, 16387, 19737, 11250, 941, 323, 1263, 7625, 949, 247, 12544, 985, 281, 5416, 10276, 342, 253, 11250, 3646, 15, 496, 6752, 28569, 4391, 253, 5981, 273, 941, 9610, 432, 5678, 5492, 285, 31908, 5981, 281, 17055, 285, 9610, 1491, 327, 5492, 285, 31908, 11794, 544, 17161, 1570, 831, 2530, 5927, 7465, 323, 11850, 13, 17055, 285, 9610, 941, 327, 5492, 285, 31908, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10630, 556, 253, 987, 281, 452, 3238, 12021, 281, 3290, 29299, 281, 4271, 16273, 19103, 285, 281, 5416, 7465, 403, 1313, 60, 18, 1570, 187, 187, 3351, 17460, 420, 273, 3872, 941, 18406, 2866, 588, 320, 4619, 281, 253, 2216, 285, 29646, 273, 3238, 285, 8525, 13, 285, 281, 253, 8137, 273, 2579, 18388, 60, 15054, 1570, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 1142, 2762, 7234, 273, 3646, 6860, 275, 5886, 281, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 275, 3872, 6255, 1786, 7823, 285, 8130, 428, 275, 253, 21978, 273, 12484, 285, 26231, 9594, 13, 275, 253, 3313, 29077, 4775, 27761, 13, 275, 2709, 2418, 285, 36943, 7823, 285, 6255, 1786, 5827, 13, 285, 4102, 275, 253, 6392, 2696, 8669, 4251, 323, 3313, 29077, 4775, 27828, 15, 187, 187, 6436, 13, 627, 310, 14257, 642, 9610, 407, 16342, 390, 2418, 285, 36943, 13001, 8664, 7092, 273, 3646, 6860, 275, 5886, 281, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 390, 7103, 273, 7092, 15, 733, 310, 417, 1896, 281, 3653, 1880, 627, 556, 644, 667, 7756, 275, 28054, 285, 29302, 3114, 6255, 1786, 13, 2289, 281, 6255, 1786, 3238, 390, 6973, 273, 3057, 342, 6255, 1786, 3238, 15, 187, 187, 30381, 22853, 14, 4478, 4215, 2561, 327, 6255, 1786, 273, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 556, 20714, 1774, 16039, 715, 253, 6255, 1786, 273, 1798, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 13, 29647, 273, 6255, 1786, 285, 9749, 285, 6127, 273, 897, 273, 6255, 1786, 3238, 15, 1723, 436, 2561, 310, 3710, 285, 1057, 417, 2085, 247, 18893, 2395, 273, 253, 6255, 1786, 273, 6976, 457, 84, 30865, 37, 3072, 15, 7087, 1057, 352, 3662, 21038, 1774, 3646, 14, 285, 3946, 14, 15477, 3533, 15, 743, 2523, 273, 1798, 6349, 275, 5886, 281, 30865, 37, 7888, 310, 253, 3480, 273, 12082, 5839, 285, 4685, 273, 253, 24302, 285, 13379, 273, 5870, 285, 1557, 2967, 8664, 6255, 1786, 285, 9749, 285, 6255, 1786, 3238, 13, 285, 253, 2793, 273, 2758, 273, 8951, 37, 7888, 665, 1705, 715, 3057, 342, 6255, 1786, 3238, 15, 187, 187, 510, 954, 13631, 8310, 310, 253, 4618, 7629, 275, 4342, 2439, 1027, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 15, 831, 7629, 6125, 247, 9865, 285, 32638, 1701, 5107, 281, 24181, 1263, 3072, 2495, 285, 12107, 2616, 323, 6255, 1786, 285, 9749, 326, 651, 320, 273, 14779, 10527, 285, 8542, 6349, 323, 253, 2644, 9943, 3072, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5020, 273, 9943, 6255, 1786, 2561, 1057, 417, 18212, 2486, 28054, 285, 29302, 3530, 15, 380, 1180, 273, 2175, 326, 452, 5742, 2908, 10599, 8612, 3530, 273, 28054, 285, 29302, 7625, 390, 326, 452, 11120, 6949, 1554, 40319, 6255, 1786, 3374, 310, 1077, 1355, 15, 1737, 359, 9592, 871, 670, 253, 6255, 1786, 273, 253, 9943, 14, 6448, 3072, 359, 513, 417, 871, 670, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2130, 1941, 5936, 326, 275, 13, 6976, 13, 6782, 16618, 3176, 281, 452, 2406, 8996, 273, 6255, 9749, 685, 513, 253, 9943, 14, 6448, 15, 1707, 310, 3839, 642, 3064, 2361, 275, 8996, 273, 6255, 9360, 875, 28054, 285, 9943, 14, 6448, 2151, 15, 733, 310, 417, 2590, 1880, 627, 310, 275, 958, 247, 2406, 8996, 273, 6255, 9360, 275, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 390, 1880, 436, 6452, 310, 271, 39624, 12690, 273, 253, 2561, 3082, 908, 15, 35329, 670, 253, 3388, 8996, 273, 6255, 9749, 275, 21344, 14, 6448, 45373, 778, 973, 320, 7899, 13, 533, 253, 2130, 941, 4483, 642, 11815, 281, 320, 8392, 670, 8996, 275, 1014, 253, 6253, 28054, 7888, 15, 380, 14978, 273, 28054, 285, 29302, 5014, 13, 3782, 1327, 14, 14376, 8288, 7732, 13, 432, 3872, 17276, 285, 432, 2060, 31634, 2561, 6493, 1057, 417, 1581, 667, 13224, 3908, 670, 8996, 273, 6255, 9360, 275, 2173, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 15, 187, 187, 34182, 641, 15979, 281, 2559, 2495, 273, 6255, 1786, 3237, 275, 30865, 37, 7625, 2486, 1698, 1801, 24485, 275, 4383, 13, 4858, 8928, 6489, 13, 2957, 273, 2810, 2021, 5533, 13, 24631, 273, 10346, 285, 14000, 281, 253, 747, 2586, 13, 3710, 3640, 273, 253, 1786, 985, 13, 14977, 5445, 1078, 10346, 13, 285, 3710, 5107, 281, 20420, 897, 28155, 6936, 15, 38182, 326, 3176, 281, 320, 12107, 273, 6255, 1786, 2486, 9596, 13, 2266, 2675, 1329, 285, 1805, 4383, 1801, 24485, 15, 11709, 326, 2085, 1491, 670, 29647, 452, 417, 644, 24181, 6730, 281, 3812, 9630, 11815, 8664, 2495, 285, 12107, 2616, 323, 6255, 1786, 285, 9749, 390, 670, 6127, 273, 6255, 1786, 2579, 897, 15, 187, 187, 9244, 9429, 4142, 275, 30865, 37, 7625, 3839, 4887, 253, 4142, 275, 253, 2586, 273, 4201, 15, 4137, 24809, 32536, 275, 16618, 403, 2330, 342, 253, 20276, 3811, 8450, 275, 253, 3167, 2586, 285, 275, 253, 2586, 273, 6510, 15, 24747, 2021, 13403, 13, 9596, 285, 5899, 2193, 497, 2330, 342, 2406, 13184, 2495, 15, 380, 4618, 10575, 275, 13184, 4142, 2439, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 6125, 247, 9865, 285, 32638, 1701, 5107, 281, 24181, 1263, 3072, 2495, 285, 12107, 2616, 326, 778, 1089, 4618, 2898, 275, 253, 2440, 273, 625, 3576, 13184, 12212, 8130, 323, 253, 9943, 3072, 15, 187, 187, 7676, 4079, 265, 285, 23717, 44774, 403, 387, 3687, 2495, 273, 6684, 6255, 1786, 3237, 285, 39276, 32536, 685, 310, 253, 2087, 9943, 3072, 15, 46484, 543, 264, 22680, 556, 644, 1119, 281, 320, 2330, 342, 30560, 6255, 1786, 275, 19382, 285, 23717, 44774, 13, 3782, 2190, 2151, 15, 5131, 2616, 29189, 6255, 1786, 273, 19382, 285, 23717, 44774, 2486, 2793, 273, 1966, 3570, 15927, 13, 5445, 281, 7217, 285, 14207, 13, 327, 14, 5681, 11287, 6055, 48175, 285, 2793, 273, 638, 14, 78, 15037, 14977, 15, 187, 187, 34595, 13, 16618, 13, 19382, 285, 23717, 44774, 452, 2406, 4142, 273, 6255, 1786, 2579, 4981, 5837, 685, 253, 9943, 14, 6448 ]	(cycle 1). The most recent cycle (cycle 9) was performed in 2011. In each cycle, a common set of health questions is asked to the respondents. It includes questions about mental health and well-being, disease and health status, nutrition, health care utilisation, as well as lifestyle and socio-economic conditions. Based on the most recent questionnaire [144], respondents were able to complete the survey interview - either by telephone or face-to-face - in one of the 23 main languages spoken in Canada. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the anti-discrimination Equality Act of 2010 serves to protect the rights of all individuals in Britain and has a clear list of “protected characteristics” such as age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion and belief, sex and sexual orientation [145]. Although it is not an explicit directive for inclusion of minorities in research the Act does apply to a number of regulatory bodies which may engage in research activities including government departments, service providers, employers and education providers. The National Health Service in the UK has acknowledged the importance of inclusion of “black and minority ethnic” (BME) communities [146]. It is recognised that these communities have poorer health outcomes, a shorter life expectancy and difficulty in obtaining access to health care with mental health being of particular concern [147]. A five-year action plan called the Delivering Race Equality in Mental Health (DRE) was established in 2005 with the goal of reducing inequalities for BME communities particularly in relation to their experience of and interaction with mental health services [148]. A review of the DRE identified a significant increase in the commissioning of research in these communities. According to the DRE their research has “helped us to improve ethnic monitoring, identify good practice and provide better information to patients” [148]. The Research Governance Framework for Health and Social Care [149] outlines the overarching principles of good research governance. Specifically the framework applies to research applicable to health and social care (i.e., including research relating to public health, research undertaken by the Department of Health, clinical and non-clinical research, the National Health Service (NHS) and other research bodies within the health and social care systems). According to the Framework [149]: ‘Research, and those pursuing it, should respect the diversity of human society and conditions and the multicultural nature of society. Whenever relevant, it should take account of age, disability, gender, sexual orientation, race, culture and religion in its design, undertaking, and reporting. The body of research evidence available to policy makers should reflect the diversity of the population.’ The UK has a mental health minimum dataset (MHMDS) [150] that is an approved National Health Service information standard. It was designed to deliver comprehensive, nationally consistent and comparable person-based information on people in contact with specialist secondary mental health services. It covers services provided in hospitals, outpatient clinics and in the community. The minimum dataset includes indicators of patients’ ethnicity. According to the fifth NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care report [150] “Information on the ethnicity of people using services is now almost complete for people who spend time in hospital (97.4 per cent) and 89.5 per cent complete for people who did not spend time in hospital. This means that analysis by ethnic group is considered quite reliable”. A national census of the ethnicity of inpatients in NHS and independent mental health and learning disability services in England and Wales has been conducted since 2005. The fifth report showed that information about ethnicity was available for 98% of all patients [151]. United States of America In the United States of America the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are mandated by law to ensure the inclusion of minority groups in clinical research. The inclusion of these minority groups in clinical research must be in a manner that is appropriate to the scientific question under study [152]. Minorities must be included in all clinical research studies, particularly in Phase III clinical trials, and the trials must be designed to allow valid analysis. The law explicitly states that cost is not acceptable as a reason for exclusion of minority populations. Clinical research applications that fail to include minorities without providing a valid reason may be returned without review. Women and minorities may only be excluded if inclusion in a clinical research study is: inappropriate with respect to the health of the subjects; inappropriate with respect to the purpose of the research; inappropriate under such other circumstances as the Director of NIH may designate; or the guidelines may provide that inclusion in a trial is not required if there is substantial scientific data demonstrating that there is no significant difference between (a) the effects that the variables to be studied in the trial have on women or members of minority groups, respectively and (b) the effects that the variables have on the individuals who would serve as subjects in the trial in the event that such inclusion is not required [153]. Since 1994 NIH has continuously monitored aggregate inclusion data for study populations through a tracking system to ensure compliance with the inclusion policy. In 2002 NIH changed the format of data reporting from combined race and ethnicity format to collecting and reporting information on race and ethnicity separately [154]. This provided minimum standards for maintaining, collecting and reporting data on race and ethnicity. The consumer has the right to have services subjected to quality assurance to identify inadequacies and to ensure standards are met[1]. Improvement of national data collections… will be critical to the design and refinement of services and supports, and to the identification of service gaps[155]. There are many positive statements of policy intent in relation to immigrant and refugee communities in national mental health policies and strategies - in the Statement of Rights and Responsibilities, in the National Mental Health Standards, in multiple State and Territory policies and mental health plans, and recently in the COAG Roadmap for National Mental Health Reform. However, there is virtually no reporting by Commonwealth or State and Territory governments concerning implementation of policy intent in relation to immigrant and refugee communities or evaluation of implementation. It is not possible to determine whether there has been any improvement in immigrant and refugee community mental health, access to mental health services or outcomes of contact with mental health services. Investigator-initiated research on mental health of immigrant and refugee communities has yielded important insights into the mental health of particular immigrant and refugee communities, determinants of mental health and illness and patterns of use of mental health services. However this research is limited and does not provide a coherent account of the mental health of Australia’s CALD population. Nor does it answer critically important policy- and practice-relevant questions. An issue of particular importance in relation to CALD communities is the lack of systematic investigation and understanding of the perspectives and beliefs of families and carers concerning mental health and illness and mental health services, and the experience of members of CLD communities who come into contact with mental health services. The most striking observation is the wide variation in findings across different immigrant and refugee communities. This variation represents a valuable and unrealised opportunity to systematically study population risk and protective factors for mental health and illness that would be of enormous theoretical and practical importance for the whole Australian population. The majority of Australian mental health research does not adequately include immigrant and refugee samples. The number of studies that have specifically included adequate representative samples of immigrant and refugee populations or that have explicitly investigated multicultural mental health issues is very small. What we increasingly know about the mental health of the Australian-born population we do not know about immigrant and refugee communities. The available evidence suggests that in, Australia, adult immigrants appear to have lower prevalence of mental illness than do the Australian-born. There is generally no difference reported in prevalence of mental disorders between immigrant and Australian-born children. It is not clear whether there is in fact a lower prevalence of mental disorders in immigrant and refugee communities or whether this conclusion is an artefact of the research methods used. Conclusions about the average prevalence of mental illness in overseas-born Australians may well be accurate, but the available data allows no conclusions to be drawn about prevalence in even the largest immigrant communities. The exclusion of immigrant and refugee participants, particularly non-English speaking persons, from national surveys and from individual epidemiological research projects does not allow any confident statement about prevalence of mental disorders in specific immigrant and refugee communities. Factors contributing to increased risk of mental health problems in CALD populations include low proficiency in English, separate cultural identity, loss of close family bond, stresses of migration and adjustment to the new country, limited knowledge of the health system, trauma exposure before migration, and limited opportunity to appropriately use occupational skills. Factors that appear to be protective of mental health include religion, strong social support and better English proficiency. Studies that provide information about determinants have not been systematically examined to draw reliable conclusions concerning risk and protective factors for mental health and illness or about patterns of mental health service use. Suicide rates in CALD populations generally reflect the rates in the country of birth. Suicidal behaviours in immigrants are associated with the problematic living experiences in the host country and in the country of origin. Strong family bonds, religion and traditional values were associated with lower suicide risk. The wide variations in suicide rates across immigrant and refugee communities represents a valuable and unrealised opportunity to systematically study population risk and protective factors that may find wide application in the development of more effective suicide prevention strategies for the Australian population. Refugees and asylum seekers are at greater risk of developing mental health problems and suicidal behaviours than is the general Australian population. Prolonged detention has been found to be associated with poorer mental health in refugees and asylum seekers, particularly among children. Other factors influencing mental health of refugees and asylum seekers include experience of human rights violations, exposure to violence and threats, on-going temporary protection visas and experience of pre-migration trauma. Generally, immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers have lower rates of mental health service utilisation than the Australian-born
[ 369, 5196, 15, 380, 4342, 2692, 326, 253, 4294, 273, 18745, 342, 2834, 1363, 14962, 2905, 281, 2553, 8534, 15, 3545, 6991, 26921, 1329, 313, 24413, 10, 14962, 2905, 281, 3676, 8534, 285, 18123, 281, 2553, 8534, 15, 380, 1543, 671, 2692, 326, 2553, 8534, 2905, 18123, 13, 285, 3676, 8534, 2905, 14962, 13, 281, 2628, 13212, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 6355, 342, 2834, 1363, 2905, 14962, 281, 8991, 29775, 13, 285, 18123, 281, 2628, 13212, 15, 3545, 6991, 26921, 1329, 2905, 18123, 281, 8991, 29775, 285, 14962, 281, 2628, 13212, 15, 380, 1543, 1804, 326, 2628, 11684, 13, 5300, 285, 8991, 18213, 476, 3283, 16675, 8, 973, 14, 11952, 15, 380, 1543, 273, 253, 1246, 1263, 5224, 326, 16675, 8, 973, 14, 11952, 476, 320, 8131, 407, 2628, 11684, 13, 5300, 285, 8991, 18213, 15, 1707, 310, 247, 878, 281, 2953, 26921, 1329, 285, 3733, 24040, 281, 7278, 2628, 13212, 285, 4796, 8991, 29775, 2190, 16675, 15, 60, 24053, 327, 253, 5997, 285, 2495, 2616, 327, 5765, 15973, 285, 6654, 9360, 275, 12643, 13988, 1363, 1570, 187, 1992, 2096, 253, 2710, 2616, 8479, 5765, 15973, 285, 6654, 9360, 275, 253, 13988, 15, 12643, 13988, 1363, 313, 2961, 4503, 390, 5662, 685, 3925, 1107, 273, 2363, 10, 342, 5765, 15973, 390, 6654, 9360, 497, 39599, 5867, 949, 3382, 5917, 13, 9797, 14, 5410, 27186, 1159, 5216, 13, 1594, 14, 1402, 13, 7403, 11017, 390, 14478, 275, 17349, 17073, 14845, 13, 3998, 285, 6703, 13628, 13, 24223, 3756, 13, 21427, 29379, 513, 26005, 313, 53, 3717, 10, 390, 5212, 12549, 36398, 313, 46, 5214, 10, 275, 2614, 12671, 327, 1481, 285, 7623, 15, 4683, 12643, 1363, 13, 5571, 313, 1508, 2673, 273, 731, 9606, 591, 532, 617, 267, 20229, 27186, 9360, 1223, 3285, 313, 3680, 2673, 1907, 16562, 5765, 15973, 390, 45639, 1255, 13, 6108, 655, 2219, 313, 1036, 2673, 347, 440, 39651, 15, 1198, 13988, 1363, 13, 5765, 15973, 285, 6654, 9360, 497, 7744, 4269, 407, 1142, 9351, 273, 10844, 285, 16562, 20229, 27186, 18977, 557, 20619, 1223, 253, 5164, 14855, 273, 20229, 27186, 15384, 285, 2718, 5876, 407, 253, 13424, 1232, 273, 43900, 285, 1027, 345, 25756, 386, 6578, 347, 973, 347, 6938, 13, 4369, 7736, 2616, 943, 671, 320, 2783, 15, 21772, 1546, 31640, 187, 187, 17895, 461, 1255, 310, 253, 3745, 273, 247, 2605, 281, 32385, 3394, 751, 3289, 13, 42554, 13, 3486, 390, 253, 9099, 273, 1966, 2228, 13, 1293, 1146, 13572, 281, 271, 6070, 50196, 281, 253, 3236, 2847, 428, 347, 2931, 275, 16449, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 273, 253, 8874, 37115, 47483, 14029, 3211, 15, 187, 187, 34, 2605, 4158, 285, 8818, 281, 320, 10237, 943, 417, 11089, 432, 50196, 13551, 313, 856, 11020, 13551, 10, 762, 31120, 10935, 15, 11103, 723, 273, 690, 9351, 13, 3340, 50276, 16374, 14, 19720, 2718, 285, 3509, 505, 11859, 9195, 13, 403, 30839, 1523, 625, 16931, 281, 13551, 28, 2571, 13, 824, 347, 275, 5999, 5248, 11859, 5289, 13, 403, 30839, 1523, 1679, 16931, 15, 380, 1332, 7091, 275, 2403, 247, 2605, 10237, 588, 5431, 3469, 327, 285, 320, 27846, 281, 253, 2238, 273, 2605, 352, 310, 13, 347, 275, 10194, 29318, 3652, 8350, 31640, 310, 5431, 6786, 949, 20420, 20462, 253, 985, 273, 10291, 875, 253, 3665, 434, 26290, 15, 187, 187, 23045, 15711, 187, 11831, 5795, 5593, 403, 908, 13, 4536, 26277, 13, 281, 5115, 8350, 31640, 285, 4796, 253, 2495, 273, 50196, 13551, 15, 187, 6872, 403, 27, 2490, 4410, 32578, 253, 6387, 273, 12340, 273, 31120, 10935, 15, 187, 46915, 272, 253, 18634, 273, 247, 1896, 3302, 4433, 285, 3629, 39296, 15, 6758, 3797, 253, 11686, 1332, 285, 253, 5795, 3301, 1854, 1332, 15, 187, 11405, 272, 253, 2605, 281, 32385, 31120, 10935, 15, 13168, 6289, 281, 347, 2173, 3301, 5052, 1332, 15, 187, 187, 17895, 461, 1255, 6095, 275, 14029, 30968, 187, 510, 6095, 323, 5289, 275, 9936, 5971, 374, 285, 495, 476, 320, 1119, 275, 16449, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 14029, 3211, 337, 428, 47483, 327, 5289, 428, 3512, 337, 14, 24, 27, 4214, 5231, 428, 8874, 37115, 5231, 15, 14117, 6095, 285, 6095, 323, 5289, 275, 9936, 966, 337, 476, 320, 1119, 275, 253, 2144, 2173, 14029, 3211, 4243, 13, 16449, 9748, 323, 11859, 5289, 13, 16449, 9725, 323, 10194, 5289, 285, 594, 327, 15, 187, 187, 688, 16449, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 9195, 403, 13213, 1701, 275, 9099, 5971, 13, 7296, 253, 3652, 1511, 13, 35190, 285, 1979, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 21934, 966, 337, 13, 1698, 9099, 273, 4433, 27, 187, 21822, 35190, 9910, 417, 27433, 577, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 8903, 695, 10222, 9195, 15, 187, 10987, 723, 715, 534, 952, 11766, 564, 13, 2530, 642, 629, 273, 253, 3652, 310, 8003, 281, 1529, 3652, 13, 390, 2170, 835, 952, 513, 564, 13, 685, 247, 4181, 273, 337, 15, 22, 2069, 253, 3652, 4898, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 21934, 966, 374, 66, 13, 2406, 2495, 1387, 428, 4646, 9099, 273, 4433, 27, 209, 187, 22, 4657, 90, 2014, 35190, 9910, 15, 187, 24757, 1241, 417, 27433, 577, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 6623, 1832, 13, 28573, 285, 643, 16252, 9195, 417, 27433, 577, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 8997, 1271, 417, 27433, 577, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 47219, 3760, 9195, 417, 27433, 495, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 9795, 647, 18702, 417, 27433, 495, 4657, 656, 273, 1679, 685, 9098, 278, 15818, 5254, 2170, 275, 1016, 4657, 90, 15, 187, 21822, 4657, 90, 11331, 9195, 15, 187, 3074, 9195, 417, 27433, 767, 4657, 656, 281, 534, 253, 1345, 403, 8176, 285, 534, 3831, 5254, 3672, 417, 27433, 5307, 278, 15818, 387, 1016, 4657, 90, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 21934, 966, 374, 67, 13, 5170, 2495, 1387, 428, 4646, 9099, 273, 4433, 27, 209, 187, 24757, 1241, 13, 47350, 13, 28573, 285, 643, 16252, 9195, 3687, 685, 577, 4657, 656, 533, 417, 27433, 1458, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 25735, 1050, 9195, 3687, 685, 2014, 4657, 90, 533, 417, 27433, 1458, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 9795, 647, 18702, 3687, 685, 495, 4657, 656, 533, 417, 27433, 1458, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 41, 10472, 932, 417, 27433, 495, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 8997, 1271, 3687, 685, 577, 4657, 656, 533, 417, 27433, 1458, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 3074, 9195, 281, 534, 253, 1345, 403, 8176, 285, 534, 3831, 5254, 3672, 27433, 5307, 278, 15818, 533, 417, 27433, 29067, 278, 15818, 387, 1016, 4657, 90, 15, 187, 10697, 12102, 417, 27433, 721, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 21934, 966, 495, 13, 1029, 9099, 273, 4433, 27, 187, 3074, 9195, 2931, 1840, 347, 6550, 374, 20672, 285, 24120, 1716, 45997, 6550, 326, 8268, 253, 7787, 327, 2170, 285, 1180, 273, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 3074, 9195, 281, 534, 2758, 273, 253, 1345, 403, 8176, 275, 1534, 3904, 15, 187, 998, 324, 571, 49625, 625, 685, 29067, 44173, 15, 187, 10987, 723, 4508, 30561, 15991, 285, 1227, 390, 4870, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 9195, 6034, 323, 625, 685, 581, 1511, 273, 897, 13, 253, 9099, 966, 943, 320, 326, 273, 253, 954, 327, 254, 528, 1511, 15, 187, 187, 10987, 723, 275, 9936, 966, 337, 943, 320, 4158, 285, 8818, 275, 8956, 342, 16449, 7901, 428, 7544, 323, 14127, 7882, 275, 2622, 897, 13, 642, 2173, 8180, 313, 17354, 407, 16449, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 10, 310, 3309, 342, 2743, 281, 31120, 5231, 432, 39255, 5997, 15, 187, 187, 10987, 723, 275, 9936, 966, 374, 66, 313, 249, 1635, 281, 752, 310, 8521, 323, 9936, 966, 337, 10, 943, 320, 2530, 342, 3576, 11593, 16027, 13, 390, 3576, 11886, 4423, 273, 14116, 23467, 281, 8099, 15, 187, 187, 10987, 723, 275, 9936, 966, 374, 67, 313, 249, 1635, 281, 752, 310, 8521, 323, 9936, 966, 337, 285, 374, 66, 10, 943, 320, 2530, 342, 3576, 9118, 16027, 275, 512, 8109, 9930, 285, 8099, 13, 390, 31506, 253, 3652, 943, 320, 10141, 281, 5416, 326, 2220, 253, 417, 1593, 8570, 273, 1016, 8109, 5084, 285, 1016, 8325, 8109, 247, 5084, 13, 390, 667, 25662, 2593, 273, 3301, 14, 26201, 3402, 313, 531, 387, 247, 673, 275, 1016, 4657, 90, 273, 253, 3652, 10, 253, 3652, 4558, 6474, 285, 253, 1980, 4723, 1057, 417, 8268, 247, 2176, 2701, 15, 7900, 253, 8570, 273, 824, 9930, 285, 7118, 273, 8099, 651, 906, 275, 271, 6070, 273, 4723, 275, 6714, 273, 253, 5821, 2701, 13, 824, 3603, 943, 320, 4158, 347, 247, 2234, 3284, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 9195, 275, 9936, 966, 495, 247, 12082, 2495, 6803, 273, 253, 3652, 3192, 715, 2395, 1097, 44671, 285, 440, 922, 2887, 494, 29952, 13, 310, 2424, 15, 187, 187, 5035, 671, 187, 7992, 4190, 32784, 323, 26253, 980, 187, 2765, 273, 8350, 20101, 285, 3007, 23508, 187, 42353, 266, 11149, 187, 21772, 1546, 4433, 187, 187, 4941, 187, 187, 7504, 4859, 209, 187, 1400, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 14029, 3211, 337, 428, 47483, 327, 5289, 428, 3512, 337, 14, 24, 27, 4214, 5231, 428, 8874, 37115, 5231, 187, 4061, 42, 367, 30072, 46553, 6625, 461, 1255, 273, 19727, 1879, 3163, 11103, 723, 187, 49, 26080, 7102, 281, 8350, 31640, 285, 50196, 13551, 275, 9195, 187, 23045, 273, 3509, 505, 11859, 5289, 342, 2743, 281, 31120, 10935, 7854, 15, 25689, 10049, 329, 13692, 187, 2347, 281, 2216, 11859, 9195, 281, 10517, 50196, 13551, 6095, 473, 11989, 254, 8728, 1251, 13, 7956, 1251, 13, 353, 8875, 13, 16432, 21772, 38, 187, 11688, 1373, 330, 1003, 7115, 46553, 17712, 414, 37880, 942, 323, 1716, 6713, 11103, 723, 187, 18658, 273, 5213, 2561, 327, 8350, 31640, 285, 50196, 13551, 187, 21772, 1546, 14, 52, 33816, 3690, 24993, 839, 6246, 17790, 285, 10011, 17790, 187, 187, 1413, 27, 21772, 1546, 11369, 187, 1413, 27, 52, 33816, 11369, 187, 1413, 27, 21772, 1546, 10194, 187, 1413, 27, 1773, 6713, 187, 1413, 27, 688, 10181, 187, 1413, 27, 43619, 11369, 20768, 1752, 8922, 273, 271, 9554, 14, 4924, 5802, 10191, 39490, 8424, 894, 1386, 313, 46, 3016, 42, 74, 5523, 14, 34, 10, 432, 385, 10631, 4215, 10919, 13923, 1341, 15, 187, 22705, 5802, 10191, 39490, 8424, 1341, 313, 74, 45684, 10, 497, 4561, 432, 385, 10631, 4215, 10919, 13923, 1341, 7011, 432, 247, 16327, 3410, 273, 247, 4562, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 5875, 3416, 15, 10643, 262, 7927, 1341, 497, 7943, 323, 253, 2048, 273, 444, 14, 35736, 285, 294, 14996, 1314, 970, 1327, 14, 13897, 839, 23934, 2284, 9907, 11390, 15, 380, 16327, 14, 13472, 891, 37612, 1386, 313, 19417, 456, 347, 46305, 42, 74, 5523, 14, 34, 10, 369, 465, 552, 6042, 1037, 2622, 13, 4469, 10191, 39490, 9588, 13, 22266, 715, 1341, 273, 1264, 24022, 14638, 8090, 13, 285, 2692, 642, 9907, 285, 48376, 12091, 387, 10056, 3285, 15, 3824, 7241, 6131, 247, 1327, 14, 26681, 285, 5919, 2746, 323, 891, 37612, 5978, 432, 1363, 342, 6380, 390, 9288, 9360, 15, 14277, 5581, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 5552, 9182, 6550, 323, 19415, 29559, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 35152, 9110, 74, 30579, 2101, 15, 1182, 258, 15, 80, 187, 475, 1214, 21997, 9110, 74, 30579, 5259, 4637, 495, 15, 17, 313, 17130, 16, 17736, 1400, 15, 10134, 390, 2568, 338, 48040, 15, 681, 10, 187, 475, 1214, 7582, 5602, 47688, 659, 2083, 293, 654, 78, 15, 296, 2083, 293, 33, 28948, 338, 48040, 15, 681, 31, 187, 475, 1214, 7582, 353, 26548, 91, 17145, 91, 317, 32786, 15767, 654, 78, 15, 21529, 91, 317, 32786, 15767, 33, 28948, 338, 48040, 15, 681, 31, 187, 1738, 187, 2437, 29559, 64, 26423, 64, 2765, 64, 3145, 8725, 29559, 64, 55, 85, 8047, 64, 2765, 64, 3145, 187, 92, 187, 186, 4387, 1159, 638, 12919, 9, 2946, 61, 6825, 370, 9629, 13, 370, 8412, 426, 2032, 10, 187, 186, 92, 996, 186, 5, 1374, 254, 426, 370, 2520, 1168, 788, 3145, 254, 3914, 9629, 558, 996, 186, 5, 1374, 254, 1168, 28704, 2073, 35316, 1703, 64, 27660, 64, 18129, 7858, 1383, 29559, 64, 26423, 64, 13570, 64, 7104, 1450, 788, 40015, 4120, 2651, 6020, 996, 186, 5598, 1450, 3456, 12919, 3914, 9629, 13, 370, 8412, 558, 187, 186, 94, 187, 94, 187, 24080, 39131, 10629, 1278, 187, 187, 24080, 39131, 10629, 1278, 187, 187, 46, 706, 18762, 187, 187, 32100, 16155, 12743, 187, 187, 24080, 39131, 10629, 1278, 310, 401, 10117, 285, 9060, 16155, 12743, 273, 28680, 18762, 13 ]	was conducted. The findings showed that the frequency of interacting with difficult patients positively related to surface acting. Perceived organizational support (POS) positively related to deep acting and negatively to surface acting. The results also showed that surface acting related negatively, and deep acting related positively, to job satisfaction. The frequency of interactions with difficult patients related positively to emotional exhaustion, and negatively to job satisfaction. Perceived organizational support related negatively to emotional exhaustion and positively to job satisfaction. The results suggest that job demands, resources and emotional labour can predict nurses' well-being. The results of the present study indicate that nurses' well-being can be predicted by job demands, resources and emotional labour. There is a need to address organizational support and training programmes to enhance job satisfaction and reduce emotional exhaustion among nurses.[Study on the causes and risk factors on vertigo and balance disorders in 118 elderly patients]. To understand the various factors causing vertigo and balance disorders in the elderly. 118 elderly patients (aged equal or older than 60 years of age) with vertigo or balance disorders were retrospectively analyzed through clinical symptoms, audio-vestibular function tests, X-ray, CT scan or MRI in cervical vertebras, brain and inner ears, ultrasonography, transcranial doppler (TCD) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in blood vessels on head and neck. Of 118 patients, 70 (23%) of them suffered perip heral vestibular disorders while 29 (58%) having cerebral vertigo or dizzness, leaving 19 cases (16%) as unclassified. For elderly patients, vertigo and balance disorders were commonly caused by many kinds of peripheral and cerebral vestibular pathological disfunctions while the functional weakness of vestibular organs and systems affected by the physiological process of ageing and different concommitant diseases as well as environmental, psychogenic factors should also be considered.Structural robustness Robustness is the ability of a structure to withstand events like fire, explosions, impact or the consequences of human error, without being damaged to an extent disproportionate to the original cause - as defined in EN 1991-1-7 of the Accidental Actions Eurocode. A structure designed and constructed to be robust should not suffer from disproportionate collapse (progressive collapse) under accidental loading. Buildings of some kinds, especially large-panel systems and precast concrete buildings, are disproportionately more susceptible to collapse; others, such as in situ cast concrete structures, are disproportionately less susceptible. The method employed in making a structure robust will typically depend on and be tailored to the kind of structure it is, as in steel framed building structural robustness is typically achieved through appropriately designing the system of connections between the frame's constituents. Design considerations Three alternative measures are used, sometimes jointly, to achieve structural robustness and reduce the risk of disproportionate collapse. These are: Reducing the possibility of occurrence of accidental loading. Preventing the propagation of a possible initial failure and increasing redundancy. Which includes the indirect method and the alternative load path method. Designing the structure to withstand accidental loading. Sometimes referred to as specific load resistance method. Robustness requirements in Eurocodes The requirements for structures in consequence classes 2 and 3 can be found in EN 1991-1-7 Eurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 1-7: General actions - Accidental actions. Additional requirements and requirements for structures in consequence class 1 can be found in the material specific Eurocode parts, EN 1992 for concrete structures, EN 1993 for steel structures and so on. In EN 1991-1-7 buildings are categorised in consequences classes, considering the building type, occupancy and size. Consequence class 1, low consequences of failure: Single occupancy houses not exceeding 4 storeys. Agricultural buildings. Buildings into which people rarely go, provided no part of the building is closer to another building, or area where people do go, than a distance of 1.5 times the building height. Consequence class 2a, lower risk group - medium consequences of failure: 5 storey single occupancy houses. Hotels not exceeding 4 storeys. Flats, apartments and other residential buildings not exceeding 4 storeys. Offices not exceeding 4 storeys. Industrial buildings not exceeding 3 storeys. Retail premises not exceeding 3 storeys of less than 1000 m² floor area in each storey. Single storey educational buildings. All buildings not exceeding two storeys to which the public are admitted and which contain floor areas not exceeding 2000 m² at each storey. Consequence class 2b, upper risk group - medium consequences of failure: Hotels, flats, apartments and other residential buildings greater than 4 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys. Educational buildings greater than single storey but not exceeding 15 storeys. Retail premises greater than 3 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys. Hospitals not exceeding 3 storeys. Offices greater than 4 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys. All buildings to which the public are admitted and which contain floor areas exceeding 2000 m² but not exceeding 5000 m² at each storey. Car parking not exceeding 6 storeys. Consequence class 3, high consequences of failure: All buildings defined above as Class 2 Lower and Upper Consequences Class that exceed the limits on area and number of storeys. All buildings to which members of the public are admitted in significant numbers. Stadia accommodating more than 5000 spectators. Buildings containing hazardous substances and / or processes. For buildings intended for more than one type of use, the consequences class should be that of the most onerous type. Buildings in consequence class 1 should be designed and constructed in accordance with EN 1990 - 1999 for satisfying stability in normal use, no specific consideration (required by EN 1991-1-7) is necessary with regard to accidental actions from unidentified causes. Buildings in consequence class 2a (in addition to what is recommended for consequence class 1) should be provided with effective horizontal ties, or effective anchorage of suspended floors to walls. Buildings in consequence class 2b (in addition to what is recommended for consequence class 1 and 2a) should be provided with effective vertical ties in all supporting columns and walls, or alternatively the building should be checked to ensure that upon the notional removal of each supporting column and each beam supporting a column, or any nominal section of load-bearing wall (one at a time in each storey of the building) the building remains stable and the local damage does not exceed a certain limit. Where the removal of such columns and sections of walls would result in an extent of damage in excess of the agreed limit, such elements should be designed as a key element. For buildings in consequence class 3 a systematic risk assessment of the building taking into account both foreseeable and unforeseeable hazards, is required. See also Extreme Loading for Structures List of structural failures and collapses Ronan Point Structural failure References External links EN 1991-1-7 Eurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 1-7: General actions - Accidental actions SCI P391 Structural Robustness of Steel Framed Buildings Practical guide to structural robustness and disproportionate collapse in buildings Design of precast concrete structures with regard to accidental loading Ir. Arnold Van Acker How to design concrete buildings to satisfy disproportionate collapse requirements O Brooker BEng, CEng, MICE, MIStructE Portland Cement Association Structural Integrity Requirements for Concrete Buildings Review of international research on structural robustness and disproportionate collapse Structural-Safety Incorporating CROSS and SCOSS Category:Structural engineering Category:Safety engineering Category:Structural steel Category:Concrete Category:Infrastructure Category:Civil engineeringEstablishment of an integration-free induced pluripotent stem cell line (MUSIi005-A) from exfoliated renal epithelial cells. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from exfoliated renal epithelial cells isolated from a urine sample of a 31-year-old healthy woman. Epithelial cells were characterized for the expression of E-cadherin and reprogrammed using non-integrating Sendai viral vectors. The urine-derived iPSC line (designated as MUSIi005-A) was karyotypically normal, expressed pluripotent markers, differentiated into cells of three embryonic germ layers, and showed no viral and transgene expressions at passage 29. Our protocol offers a non-invasive and efficient approach for iPSC generation from patients with genetic or acquired disorders.<?php /** * List View Class for PDF Settings. * * @copyright YetiForce Sp. z o.o * @license YetiForce Public License 3.0 (licenses/LicenseEN.txt or yetiforce.com) * @author Maciej Stencel <[email protected]> * @author Mariusz Krzaczkowski <[email protected]> */ class Settings_PDF_List_View extends Settings_Vtiger_List_View { public function preProcess(App\Request $request, $display = true) { $viewer = $this->getViewer($request); $viewer->assign('SUPPORTED_MODULE_MODELS', Settings_PDF_Module_Model::getSupportedModules()); parent::preProcess($request, $display); } } Thomas Gottschalk Thomas Gottschalk Mobisol Chief Executive Officer Thomas Gottschalk is Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Mobisol,
[ 534, 476, 2118, 36128, 875, 10741, 1341, 1690, 1027, 10741, 3417, 15, 831, 310, 3164, 253, 1854, 3560, 407, 1142, 18242, 16202, 3608, 824, 347, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 14, 881, 8361, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 313, 14541, 275, 29530, 275, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 17931, 534, 369, 3164, 9119, 19944, 407, 247, 811, 993, 251, 432, 697, 3236, 4328, 275, 253, 15406, 273, 253, 16356, 9574, 475, 44381, 7352, 332, 66, 11, 1254, 1311, 3680, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 5864, 273, 5052, 3608, 281, 841, 6109, 5289, 812, 2826, 949, 475, 1830, 11, 84, 313, 284, 5544, 3786, 558, 436, 556, 644, 46483, 347, 253, 6510, 273, 1142, 353, 7538, 15, 20564, 13, 29530, 390, 815, 1131, 778, 671, 19837, 275, 253, 10741, 15406, 275, 253, 21520, 273, 5052, 3608, 285, 840, 31551, 907, 253, 5052, 3608, 347, 841, 5289, 2507, 885, 432, 25112, 1254, 1311, 2417, 1656, 187, 187, 6080, 273, 841, 3320, 12485, 403, 9129, 285, 597, 452, 644, 32126, 3608, 326, 32039, 9574, 342, 1027, 15277, 1690, 6055, 432, 19632, 7006, 15, 3808, 273, 731, 452, 3663, 954, 273, 253, 6380, 1491, 26179, 1643, 353, 7538, 3608, 824, 347, 811, 993, 1169, 13, 2899, 1169, 390, 3608, 3206, 275, 39778, 313, 39471, 10217, 10, 1254, 1311, 2417, 1656, 380, 6667, 273, 841, 9129, 13498, 403, 2899, 790, 534, 452, 2899, 1169, 6012, 432, 815, 1131, 1254, 1311, 2417, 1184, 285, 12993, 800, 2899, 800, 3603, 824, 347, 253, 331, 25570, 34799, 36192, 11, 78, 886, 11, 534, 4428, 3608, 6941, 39778, 313, 22202, 281, 29530, 10, 1254, 1311, 3046, 1656, 9157, 13, 12993, 267, 18242, 9554, 313, 1248, 273, 388, 925, 10, 285, 815, 1131, 313, 16691, 1025, 28942, 10, 812, 8591, 253, 3700, 273, 1781, 7118, 273, 10741, 9128, 1690, 5052, 3608, 10, 1254, 1311, 1549, 1092, 1008, 1311, 3832, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 18820, 5438, 310, 5506, 323, 1781, 3904, 273, 9574, 342, 18820, 5052, 3608, 28, 253, 5019, 273, 247, 1781, 1180, 273, 5052, 3608, 285, 17415, 3753, 273, 10741, 25112, 10513, 253, 7445, 10076, 323, 5019, 273, 3608, 15, 34567, 12381, 5438, 588, 4833, 1046, 2014, 6380, 2362, 313, 250, 17890, 1515, 13, 35845, 13, 39778, 13, 9554, 10, 6941, 253, 5788, 273, 9574, 342, 7445, 5052, 3320, 2048, 28, 760, 2544, 326, 403, 14282, 313, 8656, 5373, 285, 1698, 2105, 10, 588, 30950, 13, 253, 1551, 273, 731, 588, 15529, 390, 597, 588, 5947, 3699, 387, 36568, 494, 2308, 15, 380, 353, 7538, 84, 5189, 407, 253, 1655, 3320, 5481, 1783, 13, 1690, 1313, 6533, 4986, 1783, 13, 2723, 281, 253, 9092, 273, 253, 6749, 4978, 13, 347, 597, 1957, 253, 954, 5547, 3320, 12485, 15, 380, 625, 359, 897, 18042, 13, 253, 625, 5919, 353, 7538, 84, 588, 23554, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 34567, 12381, 5052, 275, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 11, 1712, 4538, 740, 94, 187, 187, 1835, 35624, 281, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 18042, 1712, 21284, 18, 94, 187, 187, 2632, 3119, 281, 9840, 14, 33316, 1317, 275, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 11, 310, 7194, 35716, 407, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 15, 2053, 12807, 275, 36915, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 18042, 407, 29112, 15, 32913, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 403, 7744, 10509, 2556, 281, 767, 2718, 27, 253, 3052, 30464, 5787, 9162, 285, 253, 11301, 283, 26106, 33664, 283, 10818, 27116, 2921, 5164, 9162, 1254, 1311, 3763, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 3052, 30464, 6974, 966, 7790, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 715, 1740, 5971, 2556, 281, 253, 2601, 23117, 273, 12807, 15, 32913, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 273, 966, 329, 13, 330, 13, 285, 399, 403, 34248, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 285, 966, 378, 12807, 403, 11937, 80, 14, 2461, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 1254, 1311, 3571, 1656, 380, 11301, 283, 26106, 33664, 283, 10818, 27116, 2921, 5164, 6974, 310, 1754, 327, 5164, 3607, 273, 12807, 285, 327, 616, 3745, 281, 20399, 2721, 2173, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 5971, 1254, 1311, 1540, 1656, 831, 9162, 369, 9300, 275, 4267, 1254, 1311, 2082, 1656, 380, 9300, 985, 3797, 1387, 337, 313, 2437, 330, 10, 48814, 29768, 249, 1169, 28, 1387, 374, 313, 19770, 329, 285, 399, 10, 3862, 14, 39862, 13, 10680, 14, 18305, 13, 6508, 14, 39862, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 285, 34248, 12344, 522, 43722, 1169, 28, 285, 1387, 495, 313, 2437, 378, 10, 11937, 80, 14, 2461, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 1254, 1311, 2082, 1656, 187, 187, 6998, 337, 12807, 403, 48814, 29768, 249, 1169, 15823, 281, 5787, 966, 330, 15, 1583, 403, 625, 3939, 327, 48814, 29768, 968, 685, 21957, 1190, 3878, 24664, 15, 733, 3797, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 15, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 403, 16747, 1774, 48814, 29768, 249, 1169, 7032, 273, 275, 19452, 839, 48814, 26834, 13, 260, 832, 1370, 15141, 13, 260, 832, 1004, 27609, 13, 954, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 285, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 10680, 14, 2461, 14, 33316, 312, 13553, 15, 329, 2503, 36, 14, 27049, 28916, 15396, 403, 14264, 281, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 11775, 5643, 251, 312, 13, 2626, 5978, 48814, 29768, 968, 1690, 260, 832, 302, 991, 553, 13, 2636, 649, 1370, 301, 553, 13, 2636, 649, 363, 991, 531, 285, 1014, 209, 797, 522, 43722, 672, 253, 9548, 310, 48994, 4469, 15, 3173, 532, 43722, 13, 4285, 5758, 358, 285, 277, 263, 532, 43722, 3464, 253, 954, 3939, 9840, 14, 33316, 1317, 1411, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1656, 187, 187, 27681, 453, 81, 553, 13, 247, 7002, 14, 14520, 48814, 29768, 249, 342, 16055, 6637, 2425, 2429, 281, 2636, 649, 363, 991, 531, 13, 310, 247, 4105, 3132, 1209, 273, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 15, 6676, 329, 2503, 36, 14, 28916, 16711, 403, 16931, 281, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 984, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 310, 15225, 20399, 4337, 407, 253, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 9548, 1254, 1311, 2251, 1656, 1723, 13, 253, 2554, 273, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 275, 12767, 10332, 4269, 407, 329, 2503, 36, 14, 28916, 16711, 310, 15620, 984, 273, 253, 19081, 15508, 1055, 15, 496, 7991, 2175, 2692, 247, 1029, 19081, 15508, 1055, 15, 1310, 247, 2233, 14, 8089, 14, 41832, 19081, 15508, 310, 908, 13, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 29120, 5459, 16821, 323, 690, 329, 2503, 36, 18014, 1254, 1311, 2358, 1656, 15022, 2175, 5183, 326, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 778, 320, 247, 5272, 4500, 323, 253, 1971, 273, 16529, 10332, 1955, 281, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 14, 28916, 16711, 672, 10599, 2603, 1453, 310, 6786, 1254, 1311, 2090, 1656, 187, 187, 6998, 374, 313, 19770, 329, 285, 399, 10, 1957, 253, 6253, 1387, 273, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 13, 352, 3797, 15459, 5993, 9603, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 11, 285, 12344, 522, 43722, 1169, 313, 2437, 329, 10, 285, 473, 39706, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 313, 2437, 399, 481, 187, 187, 1410, 5993, 403, 12807, 7032, 273, 20399, 8537, 285, 275, 19452, 839, 247, 4618, 5235, 273, 9840, 14, 33316, 1317, 13, 1690, 2626, 14, 14520, 48814, 29768, 968, 13, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 285, 11775, 5643, 251, 312, 1254, 1311, 1967, 7254, 1311, 3547, 1656, 5595, 15459, 5993, 84, 273, 3382, 1600, 403, 16202, 407, 3608, 4441, 327, 29530, 15, 2053, 29530, 778, 671, 4459, 3608, 9706, 5052, 281, 643, 2709, 2854, 5971, 1690, 32609, 19644, 4752, 1487, 285, 2938, 12892, 16573, 311, 2487, 1254, 1311, 3655, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 2022, 15459, 5993, 12807, 22435, 272, 18820, 5052, 403, 29021, 15770, 7840, 55, 15770, 285, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 15, 187, 187, 8430, 4373, 25307, 273, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 390, 3081, 5052, 6297, 778, 10546, 468, 253, 18820, 12510, 13, 954, 29021, 13, 7840, 55, 285, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 11640, 3464, 16931, 275, 7991, 281, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 16, 2461, 14, 33316, 312, 10680, 13553, 313, 5993, 5993, 42, 10, 824, 347, 717, 1004, 24664, 14, 498, 580, 335, 266, 366, 390, 12580, 468, 317, 18013, 14, 893, 91, 706, 514, 312, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 10307, 273, 13242, 5993, 42, 323, 12767, 4092, 15459, 5993, 10332, 310, 15620, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1656, 1198, 1650, 13, 253, 2572, 275, 12580, 468, 317, 18013, 16, 893, 91, 706, 514, 312, 29120, 84, 672, 10741, 19081, 3627, 3986, 884, 63, 24, 63, 17562, 9046, 5085, 16, 8316, 310, 8664, 13, 285, 778, 5224, 253, 3361, 273, 643, 6297, 273, 5052, 1254, 1311, 3655, 1656, 5488, 13, 275, 21038, 2853, 1363, 253, 47502, 3607, 273, 9840, 14, 33316, 1317, 403, 7321, 285, 841, 1363, 778, 452, 10021, 6973, 347, 247, 906, 273, 749, 14, 29776, 18820, 5445, 1254, 1311, 3566, 1656, 187, 187, 51, 684, 273, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 10332, 452, 2559, 1309, 253, 1390, 9976, 2429, 342, 4142, 273, 29021, 14, 285, 7840, 55, 14, 10332, 1254, 1311, 1976, 1656, 380, 12393, 273, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 14, 28916, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 11, 403, 1846, 275, 29797, 10497, 285, 11867, 21609, 4343, 313, 383, 18280, 4142, 273, 16356, 21614, 13, 19481, 1549, 285, 19481, 1229, 575, 5294, 2975, 582, 3103, 4288, 275, 841, 3672, 310, 247, 2495, 2803, 323, 11931, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1092, 1008, 1311, 3121, 1656, 2639, 5896, 4142, 275, 253, 3114, 403, 1024, 1840, 608, 283, 740, 575, 6, 275, 1142, 643, 23365, 3672, 1254, 1311, 3121, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 473, 39706, 14, 881, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 403, 594, 4907, 984, 273, 616, 3475, 317, 18013, 14, 8724, 314, 8537, 15277, 15, 473, 39706, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 452, 5052, 3710, 281, 253, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 533, 690, 3395, 2104, 281, 32039, 5052, 281, 48814, 29768, 968, 1254, 1311, 2357, 1092, 1008, 1311, 3141, 1656, 473, 39706, 14, 18, 285, 473, 39706, 14, 740, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 452, 760, 247, 6891, 20399, 3028, 6637, 15, 1723, 13, 643, 473, 39706, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 1690, 473, 39706, 14, 883, 13, 428, 1047, 13, 428, 1010, 13, 428, 1036, 13, 428, 1619, 13, 428, 2405, 13, 428, 1671, 285, 428, 1857, 32039, 5052, 281, 260, 832, 302, 991, 553, 13, 2636, 649, 1370, 301, 553, 285, 11775, 5643, 251, 312, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1656, 473, 39706, 14, 1508, 285, 473, 39706, 14, 2385, 403, 5971, 273, 12344, 522, 43722, 1169, 326, 5663, 281, 473, 39706, 14, 881, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 342, 12344, 522, 43722, 14, 8724, 314, 8537, 4712, 1254, 1311, 2787, 1092, 1008, 1311, 1438, 1656, 3900, 473, 39706, 14, 1508, 4620, 954, 7208, 275, 475, 34, 15, 18927, 25331, 2886, 2992, 473, 39706, 14, 2385, 12807, 452, 1024, 2489, 14414, 275, 253, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 20064, 3340, 275, 3050, 2562, 250, 18313, 4343, 1254, 1311, 2787, 1656, 187, 187, 11, 44, 15, 36500, 11, 12344, 522, 43722, 1169, 313, 44, 30632, 10, 403, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 4197, 407, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 15, 1583, 14556, 20399, 339, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 512, 48814, 29768, 968, 13, 1114, 706, 514, 1317, 13, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 11531, 13, 285, 1014, 12344, 522, 257, 3030, 15, 611, 30632, 403, 7552, 271, 9592, 1534, 1895, 11762, 1254, 1311, 3593, 1656, 380, 806, 18242, 14, 36034, 34248, 12344, 522, 43722, 511, 275, 253, 611, 5077, 9548, 2021, 369, 6888, 275, 253, 5106, 275, 8441, 285, 2361, 275, 6585, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1656, 611, 5077, 310, 253, 954, 1846, 12344, 522, 43722, 511, 275, 253, 1986, 2077, 285, 275, 690, 5284, 4343, 824, 347, 9972, 15, 1723, 13, 1027, 2390, 273, 12807, 31139, 12344, 522, 43722, 511, 3607, 452, 13082, 13, 285, 403, 17355, 11762, 15, 611, 5077, 14, 28916, 475, 44, 15, 36500, 11, 16753, 247, 4092, 4322, 275, 3382, 9534, 835, 5286, 273, 3576, 13974, 280, 18042, 310, 5667, 281, 3657, 7891, 1563, 5565, 66, 9512, 285, 10332, 275, 2984, 14881, 13382, 1701, 1363, 1690, 1963, 11286, 20841, 285, 1110, 342, 2923, 1254, 1311, 3593, 7254, 1311, 2691, 1656, 329, 2201, 4468, 310, 253, 21313, 273, 847, 382, 249, 14264, 611, 5077, 14, 10247, 475, 44, 36500, 11, 14470, 15, 831, 310, 273, 1798, 3382, 17200, 13, 347, 847, 382, 249, 310, 4390, 247, 2234, 4445, 273, 1971, 13553, 15, 380, 5438 ]	which can move horizontally between bacterial cells including different bacterial species. This is probably the path followed by many plasmid encoded genes such as CTX-M-type β-lactamase (found in plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae), which was probably mobilized by a transposon from its original location in the chromosome of the intestinal bacteria Kluyvera \[[@CR58]\]. The association of resistance genes to these mobile structures could occur through ISs (as explained previously); this has been postulated as the origin of many MGE. Alternatively, plasmids or phages may also integrate in the bacterial chromosome in the vicinity of resistance genes and then mobilize the resistance genes as these structures excise from chromosomes \[[@CR55]\]. Some of these gene associations are ancient and they have been dragging genes that confer bacteria with different abilities including protection from harmful compounds. Some of them have lost most of the genetic information retaining few MGE genes such as transposases, integrases or genes involved in conjugation (relaxosome) \[[@CR55]\]. The examples of these ancient platforms are integrons which have integrases derived from phages \[[@CR55]\] and conjugative integrative elements such as the staphylococcal SCCmec which contains genes allowing conjugation (similar to plasmids) \[[@CR59]\]. Additionally, conjugal plasmid integration (formation of Hfr) and phages (generalized transduction) could promote the transfer of large sections of bacterial genome including resistance genes) \[[@CR60], [@CR61]\]. The antibiotic selection is responsible for large numbers of bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes; the combination of a large number of resistance genes and recombinant nature of bacterial chromosomes creates the ideal scenario for combination of genes. Antibiotic selection will influence every single genetic event (recombination, excision, conjugation, integration) allowing the survival of bacteria with ideal resistance gene expression; only changes that are meaningful (high benefits and low cost) will prevail, the rest of them will disappear or they will circulate at undetectable levels. The MGEs detected by the current gene detection analysis, including metagenomic analysis, correspond to the tip of the iceberg, as they represent the most successful gene associations. The more we use antibiotics, the more efficient MGEs will evolve. ### Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae {#Sec10} #### Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics {#FPar1} Resistance to beta-lactams in Enterobacteriaceae is mainly conferred by beta-lactamases. These enzymes inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics by hydrolysis. Beta-lactamases are commonly classified according to two systems: the Ambler molecular classification and the Bush--Jacoby--Medeiros functional classification \[[@CR62]\]. The Ambler scheme classifies beta-lactamases into four classes according to the protein homology of enzymes. Beta-lactamases of class A, C, and D are serine beta-lactamase and class B enzymes are metallo-beta-lactamases \[[@CR63]\]. The Bush--Jacoby--Medeiros functional scheme is based on functional properties of enzymes and on their ability to hydrolyze specific beta-lactam classes \[[@CR64]\]. This classification was updated in 2010 \[[@CR65]\]. The updated system includes group 1 (class C) cephalosporinases; group 2 (classes A and D) broad-spectrum, inhibitor-resistant, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and serine carbapenemases; and group 3 (class B) metallo-beta-lactamases \[[@CR65]\]. Group 1 enzymes are cephalosporinases belonging to molecular class C. They are more active on cephalosporins than benzylpenicillin. It includes AmpC beta-lactamases. AmpC beta-lactamases are clinically important cephalosporinases capable of inactivating cephalotin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, most penicillins, and beta-lactamase inhibitor-beta-lactam combinations. AmpC-hyperproducing mutants are resistant to penicillins, aztreonam, third generation cephalosporins including cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and even ertapenem when the enzyme is massively expressed. Imipenem, meropenem and doripenem remain the most active beta-lactams against AmpC beta-lactamases \[[@CR66]\]. Cefepime, a fourth-generation cephalosporin with broader spectrum activity compared to ceftriaxone, is a poor inducer of AmpC beta-lactamase. Many AmpC-producing organisms are susceptible to cefepime because cefepime is poorly hydrolyzed by the AmpC beta-lactamase enzyme \[[@CR67]\]. However, the role of cefepime in treating infections caused by AmpC-producing organisms is controversial because of the inoculum effect. In vitro studies showed a high inoculum effect. If a 100-fold-higher inoculum is used, cefepime MIC increases dramatically for some AmpC producers \[[@CR68]\]. Clinical studies demonstrated that cefepime may be a reasonable option for the treatment of invasive infections due to AmpC beta-lactamase-producing organisms when adequate source control is achieved \[[@CR69]\]. Group 2 (classes A and D) represent the largest group of beta-lactamases, it includes ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae and carbapenemases (class A) and OXA beta-lactamases (class D). ESBL are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing and inactivating a wide variety of beta-lactams, including third-generation cephalosporins, penicillins, and aztreonam \[[@CR70]--[@CR72]\]. Most ESBLs of clinical interest are encoded by genes located on plasmids. These plasmids may also carry genes encoding resistance to other multiple drug classes including aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones \[[@CR73]\]. The main ESBL enzymes imparting antibiotic resistance are TEM-, SHV-, and CTX-M. Although hyperproduction of beta-lactamases or additional resistance mechanisms may hamper the antibiotic effectiveness, most TEM, SHV and CTX-M variants remain susceptible in vitro to beta-lactam/beta-lactam inhibitor combinations (BLBLI) such as amoxicillin-clavulanate or piperacillin-tazobactam. However, the efficacy of BLBLI for treating serious ESBL infections is controversial \[[@CR66]\]. For example, the increase in piperacillin/tazobactam MICs when bacterial inocula reach 10^7^ colony forming units/mL is concerning, and may indicate the presence of other mechanisms of resistance \[[@CR73]\]. Furthermore, in critically ill patients the pharmacokinetic properties of beta-lactams are modified and these patients may have adverse outcomes as a result of sub-optimal antibiotic exposure \[[@CR74]\]. Rates of CTX-M infections have increased during the last decade compared with rates of TEM- and SHV- infections \[[@CR75]\]. The diffusion of CTX-M-producing Enterobacteriaceae are common in Southeast Asia and Eastern Mediterranean countries (estimated rates of intestinal carriage, \~60 and \~30 %, respectively), therefore travel in these areas is a risk factor for acquisition \[[@CR66], [@CR76]\]. Carriage rates in the community are now above 5--10 % in many other geographic areas \[[@CR76]\]. The OXA-type beta-lactamases are so named because of their oxacillin-hydrolyzing abilities. OXA beta-lactamases have resistance limited to the penicillins, but some became able to confer resistance to cephalosporins \[[@CR77], [@CR78]\]. OXA-1 and OXA-10 beta-lactamases have only a narrow hydrolytic spectrum. However, other OXA beta-lactamases including OXA-11, -14, -15, -16, -28, -31, -35 and -45 confer resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam \[[@CR66]\]. OXA-23 and OXA-48 are classes of carbapenemases that belong to OXA-type beta-lactamases with carbapenem-hydrolyzing activities \[[@CR79], [@CR80]\]. While OXA-23 appears most frequently in A. baumannii, OXA-48 enzymes have now become widespread in the Enterobacteriaceae, especially in Mediterreanean countries \[[@CR79]\]. K. pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs) are beta-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacteria. They efficiently hydrolyse penicillins, all cephalosporins, monobactams, beta-lactamase inhibitors, and even carbapenems. KPCs are becoming an increasingly significant problem worldwide \[[@CR81]\]. The first plasmid-encoded serine carbapenemase in the KPC enzyme family was discovered in the USA in 1996 and reported in 2001 \[[@CR66]\]. KPC is the most common carbapenemase in the United States and in some European countries such as Italy. However, different groups of enzymes possessing carbapenemase properties have emerged, and are spreading worldwide. KPC-producing K. pneumoniae pose a serious threat in clinical situations where administration of effective empiric antibiotics is essential to prevent mortality following bacteraemia and infections in immunocompromised patients including organ transplant recipients and those with cancer \[[@CR81]--[@CR86]\]. A major concern is the emergence of colistin resistant KPC-positive K pneumoniae isolates. This is of particular clinical relevance, as colistin is currently a key component of treatment combinations. The selection
[ 1527, 2170, 13, 4021, 4898, 20654, 16612, 275, 1016, 10230, 15469, 13, 285, 9043, 10475, 422, 1824, 13977, 3890, 247, 2257, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 762, 14, 27055, 8039, 2440, 35155, 3461, 684, 253, 3935, 28313, 1626, 476, 320, 12054, 33449, 285, 352, 1364, 320, 15, 3954, 4540, 5555, 253, 5962, 11118, 21779, 273, 37667, 6852, 2610, 2199, 15, 733, 23970, 247, 4451, 13, 46722, 26167, 33892, 4473, 534, 17860, 275, 27731, 4260, 14, 3659, 285, 2686, 4859, 253, 27731, 273, 253, 2570, 15, 15222, 436, 13, 352, 556, 1142, 16383, 39456, 824, 347, 1029, 14, 15507, 6478, 2392, 13, 8574, 36591, 16, 1120, 28973, 13, 10567, 12701, 39893, 13, 5202, 1302, 13, 23986, 2170, 13, 8913, 21118, 2317, 13, 8059, 2316, 13, 24340, 285, 17603, 16791, 9189, 15, 1244, 1053, 302, 7664, 841, 9076, 403, 3240, 18261, 285, 15087, 10230, 4751, 816, 7790, 616, 4376, 6809, 15, 41497, 5302, 4155, 28, 187, 5302, 4155, 15, 32293, 15, 25114, 28, 187, 187, 12361, 36540, 43453, 15, 43764, 15, 34337, 272, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 10638, 654, 8774, 31, 187, 50274, 10638, 2263, 1291, 684, 253, 3388, 12320, 19947, 7982, 187, 50274, 10638, 2033, 8774, 31, 187, 50274, 10638, 654, 881, 3575, 1416, 568, 53, 6750, 881, 3575, 31, 187, 50274, 4387, 18495, 966, 26056, 40675, 1297, 34337, 272, 27603, 29, 53, 31, 1163, 9812, 41988, 27603, 29, 53, 31, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 48719, 540, 278, 64, 76, 28, 187, 50270, 48719, 22272, 4531, 29, 53, 31, 278, 64, 1601, 12168, 84, 426, 747, 22272, 4531, 29, 53, 18257, 535, 50270, 10638, 654, 8774, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 308, 1582, 253, 1755, 465, 13650, 281, 1908, 187, 50270, 10638, 2033, 8774, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 654, 3575, 1416, 568, 76, 6750, 3575, 31, 187, 50270, 4387, 26056, 40675, 1297, 34337, 272, 27603, 9, 565, 465, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 76, 654, 337, 10, 551, 4710, 747, 37026, 5330, 1587, 76, 1364, 320, 387, 1878, 337, 3287, 748, 187, 50266, 78, 64, 76, 426, 465, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50270, 10638, 654, 8774, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 2263, 1291, 684, 253, 3388, 12320, 2228, 337, 428, 3388, 12320, 187, 50270, 10638, 2033, 8774, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 654, 3575, 1416, 568, 48413, 6750, 3575, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 654, 3575, 1416, 568, 12787, 11297, 6750, 3575, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 654, 20974, 3073, 20974, 31, 187, 50270, 4387, 4021, 11759, 9, 53, 5456, 8571, 13, 308, 5456, 13650, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 2044, 2978, 426, 278, 64, 76, 28, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 12787, 11297, 15, 10830, 654, 2978, 10, 187, 50262, 3985, 426, 13650, 15, 10830, 28, 535, 50266, 78, 64, 1601, 12168, 84, 15, 25376, 1874, 187, 50266, 26966, 313, 2044, 2303, 275, 8571, 10, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 78, 64, 1601, 12168, 84, 15, 4717, 9, 7831, 558, 187, 50266, 94, 535, 50266, 2044, 4868, 426, 470, 15, 17, 28, 187, 50266, 2044, 12830, 426, 470, 15, 17, 28, 535, 50266, 1542, 313, 565, 891, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 2978, 28, 891, 9234, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 2044, 10554, 426, 13650, 60, 74, 2194, 187, 50262, 338, 9, 78, 64, 1601, 12168, 84, 15, 36693, 9, 12787, 2474, 10, 3857, 187, 50258, 2, 36693, 9, 12787, 11297, 13, 891, 13, 10554, 1228, 187, 50262, 92, 187, 50258, 73, 953, 7079, 337, 15, 17, 28, 187, 50258, 18891, 7079, 12830, 1227, 313, 74, 559, 337, 15, 17, 558, 187, 50262, 94, 187, 50266, 94, 535, 50266, 12237, 1054, 10830, 426, 8684, 15, 10292, 9, 48413, 15, 10830, 13, 278, 64, 76, 558, 535, 50266, 2309, 337, 15, 17, 428, 4868, 1227, 1054, 10830, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50270, 10975, 3267, 1550, 9, 53, 5456, 13650, 13, 540, 891, 13, 308, 10554, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 2044, 10554, 16641, 426, 3221, 28, 187, 50266, 1542, 313, 565, 480, 426, 470, 28, 480, 654, 891, 28, 480, 9234, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 338, 313, 12787, 11297, 60, 75, 1570, 16911, 9, 12787, 2474, 1228, 187, 50262, 92, 187, 50258, 12787, 2474, 16641, 426, 2032, 28, 187, 50262, 94, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50266, 2309, 10554, 16641, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 94, 187, 18681, 1080, 27, 12578, 10985, 598, 10885, 273, 18175, 10304, 187, 187, 18681, 15, 15657, 7902, 13, 416, 14, 48115, 904, 7260, 253, 12578, 310, 8805, 88, 11822, 521, 6031, 281, 755, 281, 253, 5004, 273, 11307, 326, 3569, 8492, 12208, 253, 37884, 457, 84, 3061, 281, 22472, 5034, 18175, 9662, 275, 697, 5839, 273, 617, 49285, 395, 1981, 273, 10509, 1491, 15, 187, 187, 32336, 310, 17905, 326, 253, 12578, 10313, 665, 369, 3212, 253, 1824, 272, 1066, 273, 840, 14, 39, 6159, 9966, 5490, 41101, 457, 84, 7482, 3908, 327, 253, 9662, 4579, 10304, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 344, 457, 84, 417, 2970, 667, 9172, 432, 253, 37884, 13, 344, 2183, 253, 11024, 6317, 16824, 457, 84, 34070, 11197, 1665, 8216, 2360, 15, 187, 187, 18681, 15, 15657, 7902, 13, 416, 14, 48115, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 452, 642, 2934, 2139, 253, 12578, 2506, 457, 85, 816, 1705, 4076, 285, 2085, 436, 1491, 281, 5759, 15, 1737, 403, 597, 2820, 281, 10507, 32, 1737, 403, 597, 2820, 281, 3835, 598, 7721, 7902, 2546, 15, 187, 187, 32336, 556, 1677, 253, 12578, 1919, 7659, 15, 3435, 281, 2085, 779, 342, 9172, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 2183, 11197, 1665, 253, 37884, 310, 1146, 908, 347, 247, 773, 33979, 10485, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 3726, 1053, 457, 85, 2868, 597, 878, 281, 390, 597, 452, 281, 668, 1614, 689, 253, 1491, 13, 344, 753, 15, 773, 3726, 457, 250, 417, 1469, 281, 320, 25042, 281, 13, 8505, 1425, 187, 187, 32336, 13, 43800, 253, 33486, 20484, 2983, 327, 11518, 1327, 14, 856, 26017, 13, 753, 253, 2448, 952, 403, 10305, 7162, 275, 24715, 10003, 347, 597, 2489, 625, 285, 625, 48217, 1025, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1231, 452, 2326, 1024, 342, 436, 9497, 261, 41664, 1216, 275, 253, 20484, 48217, 3006, 253, 625, 4709, 8826, 2208, 6757, 432, 253, 32764, 432, 954, 7108, 13, 908, 352, 347, 247, 3569, 10485, 1806, 7902, 753, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1231, 457, 306, 2326, 253, 48217, 1320, 273, 253, 12578, 15, 1893, 359, 403, 10305, 7162, 275, 841, 10003, 326, 943, 320, 3722, 287, 6163, 273, 776, 14483, 1425, 50, 27, 187, 187, 5804, 626, 923, 22938, 21234, 29806, 275, 17633, 17203, 4104, 26470, 187, 187, 12092, 13, 846, 4076, 12692, 273, 17633, 17203, 4104, 26470, 309, 476, 626, 923, 44194, 29806, 15, 187, 187, 688, 7533, 309, 1849, 11410, 44194, 29806, 15, 309, 3597, 281, 14932, 12806, 533, 1335, 1072, 1895, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 28489, 352, 434, 1512, 3563, 13, 533, 8791, 13, 8046, 253, 3497, 273, 44194, 16235, 762, 27, 209, 187, 14154, 5204, 7464, 5204, 10684, 44194, 29806, 390, 897, 28194, 46432, 12, 31879, 12, 39, 19, 15, 187, 50276, 4943, 310, 849, 352, 4453, 751, 27, 535, 50, 27, 187, 187, 5804, 309, 823, 47426, 19, 2264, 273, 577, 6920, 390, 854, 6920, 13, 849, 1199, 323, 1016, 15239, 32, 187, 187, 42, 6337, 1563, 50276, 249, 14425, 285, 1694, 436, 906, 27, 187, 5, 20850, 42961, 504, 3211, 1969, 881, 3541, 187, 4, 42961, 504, 3211, 374, 15, 883, 187, 6955, 6159, 2697, 374, 15, 22, 1246, 15, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 19765, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 608, 13, 1384, 11061, 187, 21911, 31555, 8339, 187, 50274, 4756, 22464, 272, 8378, 27, 6705, 14, 2713, 444, 2648, 187, 50274, 4756, 46835, 272, 8040, 6720, 27, 187, 50270, 11336, 187, 50274, 40015, 5383, 35789, 27, 2596, 14, 1106, 5383, 35789, 187, 50274, 10605, 5383, 35789, 27, 2596, 14, 1106, 5383, 35789, 187, 50274, 40984, 21688, 30073, 19662, 27, 27277, 15255, 187, 50274, 40984, 12266, 21688, 19662, 27, 1384, 2385, 15255, 187, 50274, 40015, 8598, 5797, 27, 187, 50270, 1967, 19769, 187, 50270, 1549, 19769, 187, 50270, 1235, 19769, 187, 50274, 40015, 21688, 36975, 27, 187, 50270, 37, 2894, 46, 187, 50270, 3871, 37231, 187, 50274, 21911, 30073, 6845, 85, 486, 27, 495, 15, 20, 657, 187, 50274, 36597, 456, 21688, 7335, 1502, 27, 374, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 24133, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 933, 34, 187, 50274, 19157, 11759, 46835, 272, 8040, 6720, 27, 187, 50270, 11336, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 24133, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 721, 13, 1249, 11061, 187, 21911, 30073, 8339, 187, 50274, 22274, 11405, 318, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 17, 187, 50274, 16822, 11055, 960, 27, 337, 187, 50274, 10605, 24090, 27, 12036, 19769, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 10548, 18859, 19662, 27, 3105, 5376, 18859, 187, 50274, 19157, 19662, 27, 3105, 5376, 18859, 187, 50274, 4756, 20364, 27, 10826, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 933, 34, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 721, 13, 1249, 11061, 187, 21911, 30073, 8339, 187, 50274, 22274, 11405, 318, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 18, 187, 50274, 16822, 11055, 960, 27, 470, 608, 187, 50274, 10605, 24090, 27, 23094, 19769, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 444, 2648, 399, 2894, 46, 187, 50274, 10548, 18859, 19662, 27, 1384, 2385, 15255, 313, 20007, 14, 17703, 29028, 10, 187, 50274, 19157, 19662, 27, 1384, 2385, 15255, 313, 20007, 14, 17703, 29028, 10, 187, 50274, 4756, 20364, 27, 10826, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 40085, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 1668, 13, 1458, 11061, 187, 35227, 21688, 11782, 187, 50274, 11930, 27, 4155, 5986, 2207, 12273, 4697, 187, 50274, 11244, 27, 4155, 21688, 187, 50274, 4756, 40862, 8078, 27, 8256, 187, 50274, 40984, 8040, 10757, 27, 854, 20514, 187, 50274, 4756, 8339, 34107, 27, 3105, 9225, 1356, 187, 50274, 8447, 4683, 41442, 27, 374, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 4699, 35, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 1722, 13, 3435, 11061, 187, 21911, 27048, 187, 50274, 6542, 34107, 27, 470, 89, 40085, 187, 50274, 4756, 8339, 34107, 27, 3105, 9225, 1356, 187, 50274, 12481, 39569, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 3233, 39569, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 5496, 27, 1621, 30073, 5376, 18859, 187, 50274, 5232, 16090, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 187, 50274, 4531, 27, 8256, 187, 50274, 16395, 1080, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 17, 187, 50274, 16822, 18771, 1080, 27, 378, 19871, 17, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 2548, 4597, 647, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 30475, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 4779, 4074, 13615, 27, 29405, 13615, 17, 187, 50274, 17299, 11057, 27, 4165, 12753, 17, 187, 50274, 37910, 17750, 27, 49838, 12547, 12753, 17, 187, 50274, 7834, 11057, 27, 3512, 12753, 17, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 4699, 37, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 1722, 13, 3435, 11061, 187, 21911, 27048, 187, 50274, 6542, 34107, 27, 470, 89, 40085, 187, 50274, 4756, 8339, 34107, 27, 3105, 9225, 1356, 187, 50274, 12481, 39569, 27, 6705, 9886, 187, 50274, 3233, 39569, 27, 8187, 9886, 187, 50274, 5496, 27, 1384, 2385, 15255, 187, 50274, 5232, 16090, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 187, 50274, 4531, 27, 8256, 187, 50274, 16395, 1080, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 18, 187, 50274, 16822, 18771, 1080, 27, 378, 19871, 18, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 47426, 19, 187, 50274, 2548, 4597, 647, 27, 14139, 8241, 528, 187, 50274, 30475, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 4779, 4074, 13615, 27, 29405, 13615, 18, 187, 50274, 17299, 11057, 27, 4165, 12753, 18, 187, 50274, 37910, 17750, 27, 49838, 12547, 12753, 18, 187, 50274, 7834, 11057, 27, 3512, 12753, 18, 187, 187, 29859, 4697, 8692, 27, 187, 4, 42961, 504, 3211, 374, 15, 883, 187, 6955, 6159, 2697, 374, 15, 22, 1246, 15, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 12603, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 374, 13, 1458, 11061, 187, 8932, 5986, 8339, 187, 50274, 4779, 4074, 13615, 27, 353, 5824, 187, 50274, 13443, 9424, 27, 7852, 14, 24, 22000, 187, 50274, 8893, 27, 337, 15, 17, 187, 50274, 17299, 11057, 27, 1916, 320, 6898, 407, 473, 15, 38, 15, 46, 15, 187, 50274, 37910, 17750, 27, 1916, 2325, 401, 2591, 2896, 473, 15, 38, 15, 46, 15, 187, 50274, 30880, 27, 187, 50270, 32994, 310, 247, 19355, 4450, 187, 50270, 32994, 310, 8171, 494, 187, 50274, 11930, 496, 775, 34119, 27, 1916, 2325, 401, 2591, 2896, 473, 15, 38, 15, 46, 15, 187, 50274, 1779, 34119, 34107, 27, 470, 89, 14602, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 12273, 4697, 187, 50274, 2861, 1243, 9206, 10535, 868, 27, 470, 187 ]	open area, double height elegant lobby in each apartment tower, and seductive water spots express a lot. This under-development housing development rightly communicates the message Luxury can be reasonably priced and it must be. Now disclosing the biggest signature attraction of Ace Divino project. It introduces a unique, authoritative Zen Gardens concept which situated in towers mid-point and actually links the towers of the complex. Besides this, it has many outstanding amenities such as high-speed elevators, coffee lounge/restaurant, retail shopping avenue, tree court, meditation area, banquet space, conference room, indoor and outdoor gaming facilities. And donot worry these homes are quite affordable and premium apartment fully justifies their price tag.using System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace SharpLearning.Metrics.Ranking { /// <summary> /// Calculates the average precision ranking metric /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> public sealed class AveragePrecisionRankingMetric<T> : IRankingMetric<T> { readonly int m_k; readonly HashSet<T> m_workTargets = new HashSet<T>(); /// <summary> /// Takes the top k predictions to consider /// </summary> /// <param name="k"></param> public AveragePrecisionRankingMetric(int k) { if (k < 1) { throw new ArgumentException("k must be at least 1"); } m_k = k; } /// <summary> /// Calculates the average precision error 1 - average precision /// </summary> /// <param name="targets"></param> /// <param name="predictions"></param> /// <returns></returns> public double Error(T[] targets, T[] predictions) { var length = m_k; if (predictions.Length < length) length = predictions.Length; m_workTargets.Clear(); foreach (var target in targets) { m_workTargets.Add(target); } var score = 0.0; var hits = 0.0; for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { var prediction = predictions[i]; if(m_workTargets.Contains(prediction) && !Contains(predictions, i, prediction)) { hits += 1.0; score += hits / (i + 1.0); } } double minLength = Math.Min(targets.Length, m_k); return 1.0 - score / minLength; } bool Contains(T[] predictions, int i, T prediction) { var predictionFound = false; for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) { if (predictions[j].Equals(prediction)) { predictionFound = true; } } return predictionFound; } } } Senator: FBI covering up handling of Hillary probe Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., charges the FBI is stonewalling his efforts to get to the bottom of allegations that political bias influenced the bureau’s decision to exonerate Hillary Clinton in its investigation of her mishandling of classified information. Johnson is demanding that the FBI reveal who was behind the watering down of then-FBI Director James Comey’s draft statement on the Clinton email probe. But he’s not getting any answers from the bureau, he told the Fox News Channel’s Tucker Carlson Thursday night. Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis. “I have no idea why the FBI doesn’t just come clean and provide this information to Congress. What are they trying to hide? What are they trying to cover up?” Johnson asked. Johnson has given the FBI until Dec. 27 to provide him with answers. He told Carlson the bureau is being used as a “political weapon.” “They don’t believe they need to or they have to” turn over the information, he said. “They’re not going to be compelled to, apparently.” Johnson, recalling the infamous IRS attack on conservative non-profits, said the American people are losing confidence in governmental institutions as they become more and more politicized. “We have seen now with this Lois Lerner in the IRS politicizing the more fearsome government agency from the standpoint from most Americans, used it as a political weapon,” Johnson said. “We’ve seen the politicization of the FBI. So we are losing confidence in these institutions that should be bedrocks of our democracy.”Q: Can't see Diagnostics Tools in Visual Studio 2015 Enterprise Hello, after clean installation of Visual Studio 2015 Enterprise I can't see Diagnostic Tools. In settings I've enabled Diagnostic Tools. I tried to reset layout but still same problem. A: maybe it's too late, but anyway, enable the window of Diagnostic Tool under: Debug -> Windows -> Show Diagnostic Tools or use shortcut Ctrl+Alt+F2. Here is how it looks like: Q: Can I add DDR2 total of 4GB or 8GB, how much for each slot? I ran following in Ubuntu and got this result: $ sudo dmidecode --type memory # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0008, DMI type 5, 20 bytes Memory Controller Information Error Detecting Method: 64-bit ECC Error Correcting Capabilities: None Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave Current Interleave: One-way Interleave Maximum Memory Module Size: 1024 MB Maximum Total Memory Size: 2048 MB Supported Speeds: 70 ns 60 ns 50 ns Supported Memory Types: DIMM SDRAM Memory Module Voltage: 3.3 V Associated Memory Slots: 2 0x0009 0x000A Enabled Error Correcting Capabilities: None Handle 0x0009, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information Socket Designation: DIMM0 Bank Connections: 1 Current Speed: 160 ns Type: Unknown Installed Size: Not Installed Enabled Size: Not Installed Error Status: OK Handle 0x000A, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information Socket Designation: DIMM1 Bank Connections: 0 5 Current Speed: 162 ns Type: ECC DIMM Installed Size: 2048 MB (Double-bank Connection) Enabled Size: 2048 MB (Double-bank Connection) Error Status: OK Handle 0x0029, DMI type 16, 15 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: None Maximum Capacity: 8 GB Error Information Handle: Not Provided Number Of Devices: 2 Handle 0x002B, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0029 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: Unknown Data Width: Unknown Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM0 Bank Locator: BANK0 Type: Unknown Type Detail: Unknown Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Manufacturer0 Serial Number: SerNum0 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum0 Part Number: PartNum0 Handle 0x002D, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0029 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 72 bits Size: 2048 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM1 Bank Locator: BANK1 Type: DDR2 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Manufacturer1 Serial Number: SerNum1 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum1 Part Number: PartNum1 Motherboard info: # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes Base Board Information Manufacturer: MSI Product Name: MS-7309 Version: 1.0 Serial Number: To be filled by O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Features: Board is a hosting board Board is replaceable Location In Chassis: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Chassis Handle: 0x0003 Type: Motherboard Contained Object Handles: 0
[ 13, 690, 10149, 588, 452, 253, 1072, 3470, 347, 597, 513, 672, 368, 1472, 275, 253, 20243, 15, 18603, 14, 9738, 327, 253, 9096, 1840, 346, 3550, 8858, 3, 327, 253, 346, 6321, 630, 3, 629, 273, 253, 5202, 15, 380, 1491, 627, 8599, 368, 326, 672, 368, 403, 2819, 387, 247, 1618, 14, 273, 14, 8858, 275, 19792, 44017, 39029, 13, 690, 3081, 10149, 403, 2130, 323, 3081, 3470, 15, 2053, 10149, 403, 2130, 760, 672, 368, 1472, 275, 247, 1618, 14, 273, 14, 8858, 28, 672, 368, 3553, 253, 1618, 13, 597, 513, 417, 452, 1110, 3470, 667, 625, 15, 1310, 368, 971, 281, 1818, 253, 2234, 48165, 387, 667, 1268, 13, 5532, 327, 247, 9096, 285, 2315, 346, 13904, 10030, 378, 527, 723, 3446, 187, 2042, 368, 403, 2819, 387, 247, 1618, 14, 1171, 14, 8858, 275, 14311, 630, 285, 368, 2315, 247, 2234, 13, 840, 19792, 44017, 588, 1007, 323, 326, 2234, 434, 4865, 387, 253, 346, 3550, 8858, 3, 1268, 273, 697, 7741, 1873, 28, 285, 604, 352, 476, 626, 1089, 253, 4865, 627, 352, 588, 3186, 598, 949, 253, 5202, 323, 253, 4865, 1919, 352, 14190, 253, 1755, 15, 1310, 352, 2550, 1089, 352, 627, 840, 44017, 588, 1918, 368, 271, 346, 25359, 1159, 2234, 3, 2228, 15, 3856, 310, 271, 1650, 4645, 849, 281, 823, 247, 2234, 10603, 281, 19792, 44017, 13, 594, 253, 401, 20, 1159, 2234, 327, 634, 15487, 588, 513, 271, 8021, 1433, 313, 6309, 751, 9175, 14, 50, 2168, 1057, 2262, 187, 18, 10, 1310, 368, 452, 253, 44017, 11405, 254, 13, 15345, 1080, 13, 390, 39029, 3515, 987, 1024, 13, 840, 15856, 562, 273, 731, 13, 390, 2010, 19792, 37060, 588, 417, 320, 2104, 281, 1527, 253, 44017, 7741, 1873, 15, 187, 19, 10, 844, 588, 320, 14835, 253, 401, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 1873, 13, 594, 1056, 247, 17119, 3491, 273, 352, 1078, 359, 3135, 15, 313, 1394, 812, 816, 12921, 326, 1873, 285, 5321, 634, 2544, 347, 247, 747, 964, 13045, 1873, 13, 3707, 326, 627, 310, 247, 7505, 275, 44017, 577, 15, 17, 15, 805, 326, 16897, 352, 432, 970, 667, 8351, 1873, 643, 685, 401, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 2698, 831, 1873, 310, 275, 4145, 24564, 1042, 9675, 3338, 1449, 15, 187, 20, 10, 11075, 598, 19792, 37060, 407, 4021, 14, 9738, 272, 327, 697, 10651, 13, 390, 3515, 346, 2415, 15, 4237, 38, 3, 432, 253, 346, 4505, 14311, 3, 8910, 5438, 15, 2091, 352, 12325, 368, 281, 1527, 247, 1873, 13, 24171, 281, 4145, 24564, 1042, 9675, 3338, 1449, 285, 5206, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 3446, 187, 21, 10, 7489, 253, 2234, 4865, 8121, 407, 2057, 19009, 327, 253, 346, 44, 2234, 3, 10651, 13, 8871, 253, 346, 40541, 26670, 10149, 3, 8910, 5438, 13, 390, 17178, 9175, 14, 46, 15, 187, 22, 10, 18603, 14, 9738, 327, 253, 9096, 1840, 346, 27095, 14, 11296, 13015, 313, 255, 253, 1669, 5024, 273, 253, 3497, 582, 390, 5532, 2378, 327, 352, 285, 2315, 346, 13904, 10030, 378, 527, 723, 3446, 831, 10316, 598, 247, 3497, 4645, 368, 253, 10149, 326, 403, 35114, 18301, 2439, 512, 273, 253, 19792, 44017, 5657, 313, 17480, 368, 403, 4645, 253, 2234, 42794, 1618, 323, 253, 4585, 1268, 273, 253, 19868, 481, 187, 23, 10, 15682, 327, 253, 346, 26698, 15784, 3, 6409, 15, 831, 11323, 1529, 1386, 323, 368, 281, 1691, 247, 747, 2234, 4865, 327, 15, 818, 10, 10871, 253, 3159, 346, 34108, 3, 327, 634, 747, 4194, 275, 253, 12121, 5084, 313, 5658, 1364, 1511, 352, 342, 247, 5347, 346, 38, 3, 285, 2406, 14, 5045, 346, 19706, 8375, 285, 4901, 346, 39, 20, 3, 275, 253, 346, 20568, 3, 5084, 15, 187, 25, 10, 15682, 346, 10249, 3, 281, 1091, 281, 253, 2234, 4865, 8121, 15, 187, 26, 10, 10338, 2119, 326, 253, 401, 20, 2234, 310, 417, 18301, 281, 1633, 2010, 2406, 275, 253, 19868, 13, 407, 4021, 14, 9738, 272, 327, 1016, 273, 253, 14240, 281, 253, 987, 273, 346, 27095, 14, 11296, 13015, 3, 285, 2403, 2119, 326, 401, 20, 310, 417, 2011, 275, 253, 1618, 273, 2234, 48165, 15, 1310, 368, 513, 1089, 352, 275, 253, 2234, 48165, 323, 1529, 1268, 13, 840, 11352, 352, 342, 253, 346, 19238, 15784, 3, 6409, 15, 187, 740, 10, 15682, 346, 10249, 3, 281, 5597, 253, 2234, 4865, 8121, 672, 368, 403, 6699, 342, 352, 15, 187, 187, 4125, 326, 368, 1849, 2879, 247, 747, 2234, 4865, 13, 368, 878, 281, 6635, 285, 5321, 352, 1078, 368, 476, 897, 352, 27, 187, 18, 10, 15682, 327, 253, 346, 16450, 3, 6409, 313, 783, 9132, 650, 6228, 13, 253, 987, 2252, 10651, 582, 2619, 253, 346, 40541, 48533, 3, 8910, 5438, 13, 390, 2315, 9175, 14, 40, 15, 1310, 352, 12325, 368, 604, 368, 971, 281, 5321, 634, 2544, 1078, 368, 6635, 13, 840, 5206, 346, 9820, 3446, 2732, 352, 15693, 13, 352, 943, 3148, 247, 10756, 3817, 7746, 368, 326, 253, 6635, 6312, 8379, 15, 187, 19, 10, 23017, 634, 2544, 407, 8871, 253, 346, 4505, 23017, 3, 8910, 5438, 13, 285, 10463, 19792, 37060, 407, 8871, 346, 4505, 40745, 3446, 5838, 27, 6295, 273, 253, 5321, 5231, 5393, 1840, 313, 9131, 253, 6635, 285, 846, 253, 6635, 10, 403, 3309, 28, 253, 806, 2250, 26866, 253, 1577, 603, 2544, 534, 403, 3309, 281, 1347, 253, 6635, 8379, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 5321, 26866, 253, 4751, 4561, 13, 3426, 1873, 15, 3954, 1611, 4983, 598, 44017, 39029, 13, 285, 17178, 401, 20, 281, 923, 604, 352, 8379, 39852, 253, 2898, 15, 401, 20, 943, 671, 3176, 672, 368, 2028, 44017, 281, 346, 14422, 38793, 3446, 1422, 476, 3711, 1142, 2234, 45040, 8583, 512, 281, 253, 1072, 2250, 13, 533, 368, 2550, 3711, 581, 2173, 2234, 26000, 281, 625, 685, 581, 2250, 15, 187, 187, 3175, 47965, 37457, 52, 187, 1394, 476, 760, 8980, 247, 2234, 7100, 281, 271, 2250, 326, 434, 2130, 387, 247, 1677, 1268, 273, 19792, 44017, 15, 13168, 368, 588, 971, 281, 4853, 247, 2234, 323, 271, 2250, 326, 1057, 417, 2168, 2226, 387, 326, 1268, 13, 594, 368, 588, 452, 281, 823, 253, 2250, 15, 329, 1618, 387, 253, 990, 273, 436, 16950, 249, 2722, 1142, 273, 253, 5231, 326, 19792, 44017, 25153, 285, 476, 3794, 281, 15, 1422, 476, 823, 841, 5231, 281, 667, 1268, 273, 253, 19792, 44017, 5657, 285, 8980, 10149, 281, 731, 281, 1056, 731, 897, 494, 15, 3856, 310, 271, 1650, 273, 849, 281, 4853, 253, 346, 6989, 3366, 967, 10030, 374, 3, 2250, 275, 19792, 44017, 39029, 13, 285, 8980, 352, 281, 253, 401, 19, 2234, 27, 187, 18, 10, 24445, 667, 19792, 44017, 5657, 313, 23045, 254, 13, 48533, 13, 39029, 10, 326, 368, 1537, 452, 3515, 13, 594, 368, 476, 10007, 616, 7741, 1873, 1293, 2970, 667, 346, 3140, 2168, 1527, 3, 6332, 15, 187, 19, 10, 1422, 588, 320, 14835, 4145, 24564, 1042, 9675, 3338, 1449, 39, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 13, 594, 1056, 247, 17119, 3491, 273, 352, 323, 4999, 23492, 15, 187, 20, 10, 14311, 19792, 37060, 13, 285, 1527, 401, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 15, 187, 21, 10, 3617, 715, 253, 2234, 4865, 8121, 13, 285, 5532, 327, 253, 346, 13443, 47483, 3, 6409, 15, 831, 10316, 598, 253, 13126, 47483, 17234, 13, 534, 4453, 751, 253, 10030, 378, 527, 723, 17234, 15, 187, 22, 10, 18603, 14, 9738, 327, 253, 9096, 1840, 253, 3159, 346, 6321, 630, 3446, 831, 10316, 368, 281, 253, 13126, 12121, 5426, 3601, 15, 187, 23, 10, 33340, 247, 747, 4194, 407, 19009, 327, 253, 346, 26698, 15784, 3, 6409, 15, 187, 24, 10, 9272, 253, 12616, 346, 6989, 3366, 967, 10030, 374, 3, 275, 253, 12121, 5084, 13, 285, 1691, 11130, 275, 253, 6307, 5084, 15, 187, 25, 10, 15682, 346, 10249, 3, 281, 5597, 253, 13126, 12121, 10756, 13, 840, 5532, 346, 10249, 3, 275, 253, 13126, 12121, 17234, 281, 5597, 352, 1512, 15, 187, 4125, 368, 452, 1160, 326, 2250, 2130, 323, 253, 1268, 368, 403, 14835, 15, 1876, 326, 4558, 310, 281, 8980, 247, 2234, 281, 352, 13, 281, 1056, 352, 4217, 15, 187, 187, 4943, 434, 247, 6010, 273, 253, 7997, 1677, 1840, 323, 849, 281, 823, 247, 2234, 4865, 27, 187, 18, 10, 496, 253, 10030, 36233, 17234, 13, 4021, 14, 9738, 327, 253, 346, 6321, 630, 3, 9096, 15, 187, 19, 10, 5687, 253, 346, 26698, 15784, 3, 6409, 13, 285, 4853, 247, 747, 4865, 342, 2250, 346, 6989, 3366, 967, 10030, 374, 3, 285, 4865, 346, 39, 19, 3446, 15682, 346, 10249, 3, 281, 2810, 253, 10030, 36233, 23709, 3497, 15, 187, 20, 10, 10338, 2119, 326, 253, 346, 39, 19, 3, 2234, 310, 417, 3033, 387, 667, 643, 1268, 2708, 346, 6321, 630, 3, 407, 12669, 253, 10030, 36233, 23709, 12028, 323, 512, 14240, 4802, 281, 346, 6321, 630, 3, 281, 253, 987, 273, 352, 15, 187, 21, 10, 5687, 253, 346, 10249, 3, 6409, 281, 5597, 253, 10030, 36233, 17234, 13, 285, 6635, 253, 747, 2234, 48165, 407, 19009, 327, 253, 48533, 10651, 275, 253, 401, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 3497, 15, 23017, 634, 747, 48165, 407, 17221, 346, 17964, 3, 432, 253, 8490, 8910, 15, 187, 22, 10, 40745, 19792, 37060, 13, 285, 1071, 436, 747, 2250, 407, 8133, 247, 25111, 14, 39, 19, 9632, 275, 247, 830, 285, 970, 14311, 630, 281, 1056, 2119, 326, 352, 2987, 15, 187, 187, 3980, 6929, 37060, 310, 247, 42295, 4968, 534, 2550, 320, 3334, 1309, 6867, 12692, 323, 42295, 13722, 15, 2042, 368, 417, 452, 3334, 352, 407, 42295, 13722, 22942, 15, 1552, 4968, 1361, 281, 3711, 253, 3470, 2234, 15, 2214, 1650, 327, 1408, 673, 368, 971, 281, 10463, 672, 2315, 49817, 42840, 2234, 436, 789, 310, 1896, 949, 42295, 8351, 15, 1231, 812, 4656, 10149, 671, 1072, 347, 17633, 5044, 25111, 22400, 9632, 15, 18905, 253, 5018, 273, 15101, 507, 11917, 604, 667, 1895, 2183, 479, 309, 5007, 368, 4864, 1491, 15, 187, 187, 8398, 368, 1077, 1199, 270, 14617, 634, 10030, 353, 5436, 1491, 310, 281, 2590, 3346, 2858, 891, 717, 10268, 253, 1895, 326, 891, 717, 7591, 281, 1089, 253, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 3, 1873, 327, 619, 11570, 19179, 2391, 74, 452, 8038, 884, 72, 327, 619, 11570, 4382, 1051, 395, 417, 1089, 667, 1873, 4907, 347, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 3, 760, 253, 948, 33787, 4367, 891, 1119, 310, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 10663, 35, 15, 13045, 3, 285, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 7585, 64, 18441, 25, 15, 13045, 3, 1157, 346, 39, 6784, 3016, 56, 15, 13045, 3, 49870, 39, 6784, 10663, 35, 15, 13045, 3, 187, 446, 91, 2028, 479, 534, 1873, 891, 452, 281, 908, 281, 278, 2259, 253, 2234, 1051, 187, 187, 42, 452, 2620, 686, 22401, 83, 4556, 373, 8, 4367, 327, 619, 5578, 275, 346, 36, 8048, 11148, 40631, 18686, 64, 18, 61, 13015, 3446, 1583, 403, 27, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 15, 373, 13, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 64, 17880, 25, 15, 373, 13, 49555, 14734, 88, 15, 373, 13, 269, 28094, 7585, 15, 373, 13, 285, 269, 28094, 7585, 64, 17880, 25, 15, 373, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4367, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 15, 373, 285, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 64, 17880, 25, 15, 373, 403, 8931, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4367, 269, 28094, 7585, 15, 373, 285, 269, 28094, 7585, 64, 17880, 25, 15, 373, 403, 8931, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1873, 49555, 14734, 88, 15, 373, 310, 417, 247, 686, 1156, 8, 1873, 326, 4453, 686, 5758, 8, 281, 253, 16168, 15, 187, 187, 42, 2429, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 15, 373, 285, 269, 28094, 7585, 15, 373, 285, 597, 452, 3910, 533, 309, 717, 4390, 417, 275, 247, 1899, 281, 1071, 841, 3910, 15, 309, 588, 452, 281, 3553, 352, 598, 281, 368, 323, 253, 2774, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1804, 368, 3609, 247, 2014, 1386, 281, 320, 2429, 275, 253, 2234, 1361, 1684, 14, 484, 13, 323, 1650, 13, 1386, 8187, 534, 4428, 27, 187, 249, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 15, 373, 187, 13391, 1163, 470, 1163, 346, 39, 20, 3, 1163, 11087, 1163, 346, 24900, 21821, 21236, 3, 187, 395, 187, 249, 269, 28094, 7585, 15, 373, 187, 13210, 1163, 337, 1163, 346, 38478, 12, 39, 22 ]	, some keys will have the same functions as they do when you're in the runtime. Double-click on the circle above "listvalues" on the "runform" part of the tree. The information there tells you that when you are looking at a list- of-values in Oracle Forms Runtime, some additional keys are available for additional functions. These keys are available only when you're in a list- of-values; when you leave the list, they do not have those functions any more. If you want to change the key bindings at any level, click on a circle and press "Edit Key Bindings". If you are looking at a list-of-values in Runform and you press a key, then Oracle Forms will look for that key's binding at the "listvalues" level of its resource file; and if it can't find the binding there it will search up through the tree for the binding until it reaches the top. If it cannot find it there then Forms will give you an "invalid function key" error. Here is an example showing how to add a key mapping to Oracle Forms, so the F3 function key on your keyboard will do an EXIT (just like Control-Q already does): 1) If you have the Forms Designer, Generator, or Runtime running right now, then quit out of them, or else Oracle Terminal will not be able to open the Forms resource file. 2) We will be editing the FMRPC.RES file, so make a backup copy of it before we begin. (You could just edit that file and save your changes as a new .RES file, except that there is a bug in Forms 4.0.12 that prevents it from using any terminal file other than FMRPC.RES.) This file is in ORAWINFORMS40. 3) Start up Oracle Terminal by double-clicking on its icon, or running "OT.EXE" from the "File Run" menu selection. When it asks you to open a file, navigate to ORAWINFORMS40 and choose "FMRPC.RES". 4) Open the key binding editor by either clicking on the "K key" icon, picking the "Functions Edit keys" menu selection, or pressing Control-M. 5) Double-click on the circle above "windows-sqlforms (at the left edge of the window), or click once on it and press "Edit Key Bindings". This brings up a window showing you the keys that are universally mapped across all of the Oracle Forms tools (since you are showing the key mappings list for the highest level of the hierarchy). 6) Click on the "Insert Row" button. This adds another line for you to put a new key binding on. 7) Enter the word "Exit" on your new row in the Action column (you must type it with a capital "E" and lower-case "xit"), and enter "F3" in the "Binding" column. 8) Click "OK" to return to the key binding editor. 9) Make sure that the F3 key is not mapped to something else lower in the hierarchy, by double-clicking on each of the circles to the right of "windows-sqlforms" and making sure that F3 is not shown in the list of key bindings. If you do find it in the key bindings for another level, then delete it with the "Delete Row" button. 10) Click "OK" to dismiss the key binding editor when you are finished with it. Now that you've added a new key binding, you need to generate and save it before you can use it: 1) Click on the "generate" button (the meat grinder, the rightmost icon), pick the "Functions Generate" menu selection, or press Control-G. If it asks you if you want to save your changes before you generate, then choose "yes". After it generates, it should display a dialog box telling you that the generate completed successfully. 2) Save your changes by picking the "File Save" menu selection, and exit Oracle Terminal by picking "File Exit". Note: Both of the save actions mentioned above (before the generate and after the generate) are necessary; the first action saves the structire changes which are necessary to perform the generate successfully, and the second save saves the fully generated, complete file. Now try starting up Forms Runtime, and pressing F3 to see if it successfully exits the application. F3 should also appear when you tell Forms to "Show Keys". You can map many keystrokes all to the same action, but you cannot map one specific keystroke to more than one action. PRODUCT ACTIONS You can only bind a keypress to an action that's available at a given level of Oracle Forms. Sometimes you will want to define a key for an action that does not already exist at that level, so you will have to add the action. A list at the end of this bulletin shows many of the actions that Oracle Forms recognizes and can respond to. You can add these actions to any level of the Oracle Forms tools and bind keys to them to make them useable. Here is an example of how to define the "User Defined Key 2" action in Oracle Forms Runtime, and bind it to the F2 key: 1) Close any Oracle Forms tools (Designer, Generate, Runtime) that you might have running, so you can modify their resource file without getting any "file already open" errors. 2) You will be editing ORAWINFORMS40FMRPC.RES, so make a backup copy of it for safekeeping. 3) Run Oracle Terminal, and open FMRPC.RES. 4) Go into the key binding editor, and click on the "Product Actions" button. This brings up the Product Actions Editor, which looks like the Key Bindings Editor. 5) Double-click on the circle above the word "runform". This brings you to the Product Action definition screen. 6) Insert a new row by clicking on the "Insert Row" button. 7) Put the phrase "User Defined Key 2" in the Action column, and put 84 in the Code column. 8) Click "OK" to dismiss the Product Action dialog, then click "OK" in the Product Action Editor to dismiss it too. Now you have made that action available for the level you are editing. All that remains is to bind a key to it, to make it useful. Here's a summary of the instructions given above for how to add a key binding: 1) In the Key Binding Editor, double-click on the "runform" circle. 2) Press the "Insert Row" button, and define a new binding with action "User Defined Key 2" and binding "F2". Click "OK" to close the Key Binding Definition window. 3) Make sure that the "F2" key is not bound at any other level below "runform" by checking the Key Binding Definition entries for all circles connected to "runform" to the right of it. 4) Press the "OK" button to dismiss the Key Binding Editor, and generate the new key bindings by clicking on the Generate icon in the FMRPC.RES window. Save your new bindings by selecting "Save" from the File menu. 5) Exit Oracle Terminal, and test this new action by putting a KEY-F2 trigger in a form and using Runform to make sure that it works. Oracle Terminal is a oracle tool which cannot be install during typical installation for oracle developer.If you not have install it by oracle developer cd.This tool help to map the functions key.For example on run time you want to exit when press ESCAPE key this work is possible through oracle terminal.We could restrict keys also same as Visual basic KEYPRESS trigger.Follow the steps of Himanshu if any problem told me I send you brief information. Thank you very much bcz your Key Mapping information is to clear ...but i am facing the problem that i am unable to find the "FMRPC.RES" file on my personnel Computer....i have installed 10g on my personnel computer...and not find any file named as "FMRPC.RES" only the simillar files i found is "FMRPCWEB.RES" and "FMRPCweb_UTF8.RES" , "FMRUSW.RES" ,"FMRWEB.RES" plz tell me which file i have to used to mape the key... I have five 'fmr*.res' files on my PC in "C:\DevSuiteHome_1\forms". They are: fmrpcweb.res, fmrpcweb_utf8.res, fmrusw.res, fmrweb.res, and fmrweb_utf8.res. The files fmrpcweb.res and fmrpcweb_utf8.res are identical. The files fmrweb.res and fmrweb_utf8.res are identical. The file fmrusw.res is not a 'text' file that looks 'open' to the edited. I compared fmrpcweb.res and fmrweb.res and they have differences but I am currently not in a position to test these differences. I will have to leave it up to you for the moment. I suggest you select a single line to be compared in the key help pop-up, for example, line 72 which contains: in fmrpcweb.res 114 : 0 : "F3" : 73 : "Duplicate Item" and in fmrweb.res 116 : 1 : "Shift+F5
[ 187, 187, 34706, 266, 23203, 24729, 273, 31205, 4536, 2427, 347, 1048, 347, 247, 7017, 1293, 14578, 13, 1078, 703, 48752, 3678, 14650, 15, 1500, 369, 11245, 342, 37534, 4600, 1049, 21254, 275, 7901, 13, 533, 11532, 703, 574, 253, 1895, 1580, 4201, 15, 346, 3220, 3101, 753, 309, 3802, 2149, 594, 16426, 347, 271, 13131, 326, 703, 4571, 626, 1978, 619, 16819, 249, 5464, 1735, 281, 617, 3722, 937, 753, 23203, 24729, 13, 1024, 8319, 285, 247, 33173, 22780, 15, 329, 4600, 1263, 5783, 326, 703, 6331, 14578, 271, 3388, 273, 11087, 2069, 271, 4964, 13, 512, 2360, 1048, 15, 346, 42, 369, 20802, 512, 253, 673, 937, 703, 753, 15, 346, 42, 1620, 1694, 3676, 4600, 15, 309, 369, 1900, 11870, 449, 187, 187, 46, 786, 4600, 1049, 21254, 476, 3798, 320, 11512, 342, 14898, 2544, 751, 10305, 2801, 13, 417, 10470, 13, 17816, 7665, 1078, 3722, 2606, 285, 14343, 327, 634, 1930, 3185, 273, 634, 896, 15, 47918, 32701, 16332, 1309, 4600, 326, 1978, 253, 2406, 21065, 3579, 285, 253, 23024, 1527, 13, 671, 1361, 275, 690, 11134, 2219, 15, 187, 187, 46, 786, 281, 10290, 1049, 21254, 778, 320, 4127, 342, 5869, 13, 1690, 8570, 273, 4408, 432, 253, 896, 273, 253, 6208, 285, 13386, 13, 1690, 253, 46556, 3627, 13, 16298, 3683, 285, 12067, 9448, 28, 8013, 12591, 27067, 403, 671, 4536, 908, 281, 13827, 257, 253, 2602, 45238, 13, 2403, 352, 1679, 2779, 281, 13601, 366, 15, 187, 187, 3039, 1049, 21254, 310, 10290, 281, 5460, 13, 253, 5328, 2629, 273, 1971, 310, 5415, 2762, 23024, 3473, 13, 7744, 1929, 347, 13874, 2088, 15, 831, 310, 247, 5145, 326, 26361, 2329, 949, 247, 36863, 390, 39240, 4802, 281, 247, 8989, 16332, 1223, 368, 4600, 15, 380, 8989, 13840, 689, 253, 11480, 390, 556, 819, 23750, 326, 4944, 3304, 253, 11480, 15, 380, 2329, 3473, 310, 816, 2217, 281, 1978, 253, 23024, 1527, 285, 3657, 1049, 21254, 285, 3802, 4263, 15, 187, 187, 47391, 24729, 369, 15588, 13874, 2088, 987, 846, 617, 6120, 13, 533, 1119, 352, 41049, 13, 2834, 281, 4600, 342, 285, 19328, 13, 3340, 347, 247, 2872, 3416, 15, 11706, 13, 703, 908, 352, 327, 285, 745, 323, 1384, 1107, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 4307, 937, 703, 19943, 13, 346, 1989, 352, 434, 27620, 285, 4996, 15240, 285, 352, 434, 323, 253, 1551, 273, 634, 1495, 15, 8452, 5605, 326, 865, 187, 187, 2773, 369, 4716, 2146, 434, 5962, 14926, 13, 1512, 15, 346, 42, 651, 452, 281, 897, 352, 323, 253, 1551, 273, 619, 1495, 937, 344, 753, 15, 14820, 13, 344, 1119, 326, 344, 27352, 285, 3531, 1512, 1199, 323, 13874, 2088, 13, 534, 346, 36042, 368, 281, 4600, 275, 581, 1899, 13, 327, 634, 896, 13, 285, 3297, 627, 40669, 187, 187, 3, 42, 3078, 247, 9928, 2900, 937, 344, 753, 15, 187, 187, 24095, 2146, 285, 23203, 24729, 1097, 3531, 281, 31205, 1531, 6451, 297, 991, 408, 1171, 19601, 20997, 2790, 416, 474, 615, 323, 247, 9329, 5199, 326, 9727, 253, 6208, 13, 14018, 285, 22239, 3579, 21311, 281, 46112, 253, 23024, 15, 187, 187, 9684, 408, 297, 395, 27186, 32992, 13, 390, 44149, 13, 3548, 626, 323, 4130, 342, 1049, 21254, 13, 753, 416, 474, 615, 13, 3340, 1110, 2509, 973, 342, 13874, 2088, 390, 643, 11518, 1971, 15, 187, 187, 3, 510, 952, 665, 1705, 281, 479, 452, 5460, 1049, 21254, 285, 403, 18439, 323, 247, 2900, 937, 703, 753, 15, 4058, 1363, 403, 594, 4600, 14, 7955, 30487, 13, 597, 6403, 626, 4204, 16218, 407, 2201, 5869, 15, 187, 187, 46, 3788, 8687, 9968, 2067, 14910, 275, 253, 2454, 285, 294, 11025, 272, 731, 342, 1355, 30327, 31648, 285, 10855, 15, 733, 3936, 670, 1740, 3038, 13, 4419, 387, 1878, 767, 15513, 275, 253, 4675, 285, 2097, 5816, 789, 323, 767, 3618, 15, 1583, 476, 21058, 2622, 4712, 285, 6196, 275, 2620, 281, 2800, 3618, 15, 380, 10309, 310, 9928, 13, 533, 1912, 626, 873, 745, 3988, 49454, 387, 38042, 13, 416, 474, 615, 2296, 273, 247, 7208, 2546, 1953, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4374, 13, 253, 5869, 310, 247, 1943, 2968, 13, 533, 253, 1617, 1128, 706, 2855, 422, 4600, 1049, 21254, 1128, 261, 247, 1943, 2968, 15, 733, 434, 625, 685, 816, 3802, 4263, 15, 7160, 7768, 2308, 5926, 594, 1698, 326, 13, 689, 673, 13, 352, 5459, 616, 2495, 273, 2798, 8104, 13, 33518, 285, 690, 15110, 937, 753, 416, 474, 615, 15, 187, 187, 9034, 15, 308, 3682, 20254, 1994, 66, 13, 820, 14, 39874, 273, 253, 4600, 9360, 285, 3802, 4263, 14235, 387, 1982, 39, 4775, 285, 31205, 4214, 8896, 2296, 44149, 310, 346, 266, 4569, 13, 7607, 5869, 40669, 1292, 1643, 273, 521, 1363, 665, 403, 13410, 452, 352, 2218, 13, 346, 27978, 984, 273, 253, 1048, 7355, 2180, 390, 6503, 3374, 449, 380, 2105, 476, 1408, 670, 370, 1449, 13, 933, 15, 187, 187, 47391, 24729, 753, 352, 2335, 247, 807, 1078, 617, 6503, 2567, 651, 23255, 253, 5199, 15, 1500, 574, 253, 5869, 2800, 2607, 3622, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 434, 1160, 271, 8644, 3064, 937, 703, 753, 15, 346, 42, 1353, 33128, 13, 625, 10028, 13, 309, 476, 3297, 22238, 1996, 387, 2360, 285, 309, 476, 6345, 6927, 449, 1500, 1335, 556, 690, 39856, 1255, 275, 617, 5004, 5541, 13, 533, 753, 352, 556, 644, 7808, 11138, 15, 187, 187, 24095, 2146, 574, 253, 5869, 1390, 4162, 285, 671, 556, 690, 12541, 39856, 1255, 275, 521, 2406, 5541, 285, 22239, 15, 346, 1147, 434, 247, 12504, 5471, 13, 533, 352, 369, 4409, 352, 937, 344, 11876, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 3802, 2324, 1199, 1679, 1024, 285, 521, 1049, 21254, 13305, 452, 8231, 432, 11003, 271, 4964, 281, 816, 1264, 15, 754, 285, 521, 4475, 403, 2104, 281, 4600, 275, 253, 1072, 2316, 969, 285, 4102, 2335, 247, 2021, 18125, 323, 253, 806, 673, 275, 1107, 15, 3122, 187, 475, 50273, 33527, 407, 966, 14, 23593, 495, 15, 20, 15, 21, 313, 1540, 2372, 481, 187, 475, 187, 475, 50273, 2437, 14, 23593, 310, 8283, 313, 36, 10, 8210, 14, 11496, 13, 5307, 14, 8971, 13, 6157, 14, 7330, 407, 11819, 427, 11550, 472, 15, 187, 1738, 187, 187, 4, 2948, 654, 4576, 28747, 16, 52, 2925, 511, 8975, 27869, 12094, 15, 73, 31, 187, 187, 33, 2437, 31681, 28, 187, 187, 33, 15049, 322, 2446, 44361, 41803, 2946, 1163, 322, 2925, 511, 8975, 27869, 12094, 187, 92, 187, 94, 187, 187, 12, 313, 301, 10, 20476, 2946, 3378, 29872, 10477, 301, 10, 1662, 18, 3634, 10477, 301, 10, 1662, 19, 28, 187, 12, 313, 301, 10, 20476, 2946, 28, 187, 14, 313, 30529, 10, 36042, 9604, 28, 187, 33, 9134, 9, 12557, 13, 1327, 16807, 10, 31681, 475, 20476, 2618, 28, 187, 14, 313, 301, 10, 36034, 43731, 28, 187, 14, 313, 301, 10, 4399, 18483, 28, 187, 187, 33, 423, 535, 1276, 434, 3304, 253, 8907, 18485, 1786, 1557, 6007, 11885, 4439, 253, 2505, 273, 616, 6007, 387, 271, 512, 14, 25011, 4804, 15, 187, 187, 12555, 1969, 20400, 3618, 846, 253, 3995, 273, 25574, 4817, 253, 2448, 4775, 9776, 3162, 13, 8907, 11885, 34800, 616, 2715, 273, 253, 1786, 1557, 6007, 3063, 15, 187, 187, 4943, 434, 849, 253, 8907, 6007, 19986, 432, 253, 581, 4817, 407, 253, 3995, 15, 187, 187, 32277, 253, 8907, 6007, 187, 187, 22096, 1397, 767, 1107, 273, 1655, 39193, 10762, 281, 42091, 313, 4609, 3918, 3778, 556, 12889, 13699, 281, 3785, 10, 281, 33292, 253, 6503, 27769, 15, 187, 187, 13569, 698, 12176, 281, 25700, 15, 187, 187, 38, 2815, 8475, 39193, 457, 84, 2060, 21787, 285, 2506, 457, 85, 2486, 22414, 323, 247, 47893, 275, 7031, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 5811, 2151, 281, 3297, 327, 4651, 457, 5827, 949, 253, 2363, 273, 3436, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1154, 400, 4219, 3054, 281, 4647, 323, 5172, 1564, 273, 253, 15322, 1624, 4775, 27873, 262, 4803, 15, 3808, 5667, 5373, 2486, 45171, 414, 1557, 13, 2854, 7242, 1557, 285, 6861, 335, 1972, 326, 403, 2424, 275, 6503, 5827, 762, 253, 1655, 1569, 15, 187, 187, 6116, 5436, 253, 3995, 6007, 187, 187, 7420, 27156, 2255, 432, 970, 4400, 2891, 20079, 281, 4489, 5827, 326, 3835, 16403, 285, 20220, 8336, 46933, 50155, 432, 6883, 4400, 8064, 323, 581, 807, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 84, 3054, 16209, 789, 6095, 323, 25700, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 5811, 3054, 281, 7703, 5172, 1564, 432, 10985, 5667, 1786, 5373, 1108, 1690, 45171, 414, 1557, 285, 8945, 2316, 19055, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 5811, 3054, 281, 40872, 271, 39193, 7248, 326, 14415, 42091, 432, 16153, 8334, 254, 11349, 625, 13, 534, 651, 8069, 29614, 638, 14, 20137, 2515, 29110, 15, 187, 187, 1785, 365, 932, 39193, 457, 84, 2060, 21787, 533, 29697, 4219, 952, 665, 1339, 616, 7031, 47893, 323, 9654, 1897, 15, 187, 187, 1785, 30345, 39193, 457, 84, 6021, 14, 3169, 2891, 20079, 342, 2363, 14, 3169, 2891, 20079, 326, 1053, 457, 85, 6889, 342, 1980, 6503, 4815, 15, 187, 187, 3837, 1397, 370, 25, 6494, 281, 1029, 14, 16272, 24283, 323, 7108, 342, 638, 14, 20137, 2515, 15, 187, 187, 39204, 3579, 187, 187, 510, 6007, 457, 84, 3727, 3637, 2607, 273, 22898, 285, 2600, 784, 8881, 15, 8907, 10823, 452, 23159, 616, 8786, 21421, 323, 2444, 327, 253, 6007, 3212, 4581, 11008, 15, 187, 187, 31840, 436, 2129, 13, 4673, 15, 1219, 6893, 257, 13, 399, 14, 39235, 904, 15602, 327, 15599, 6317, 457, 773, 20431, 5967, 27282, 668, 21110, 13, 4879, 326, 672, 49378, 253, 47518, 9776, 3162, 13, 11885, 574, 247, 4839, 281, 3959, 2544, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 688, 253, 4775, 7039, 13, 309, 1158, 12036, 8786, 26340, 497, 7607, 715, 253, 6007, 1806, 344, 753, 15, 773, 1147, 369, 37730, 323, 2030, 4951, 1897, 1078, 352, 369, 14285, 327, 15, 733, 369, 11691, 973, 275, 7170, 15, 831, 310, 247, 23013, 1425, 187, 187, 510, 30841, 31706, 7454, 13, 534, 3400, 1327, 2003, 16870, 13, 11745, 6260, 281, 5759, 13, 588, 1024, 7472, 253, 6007, 15, 329, 330, 9989, 4868, 812, 1705, 347, 3517, 347, 6794, 15, 187, 187, 510, 330, 9989, 5998, 326, 253, 2715, 273, 253, 2448, 4775, 9776, 3162, 4817, 407, 253, 3995, 651, 3553, 3495, 3041, 625, 7108, 48999, 407, 1384, 1731, 685, 762, 253, 47518, 9776, 3162, 15, 380, 3906, 671, 5998, 253, 6007, 651, 4796, 4400, 23835, 407, 370, 23829, 6494, 432, 4240, 281, 1384, 1731, 15, 187, 187, 25647, 6317, 457, 6393, 18673, 9945, 281, 436, 1304, 15, 42, 717, 2819, 387, 247, 3563, 5096, 434, 354, 7873, 21732, 987, 1024, 259, 16, 14212, 3038, 327, 352, 15, 309, 452, 3735, 326, 342, 253, 987, 2408, 273, 2801, 275, 841, 19750, 597, 588, 1691, 598, 247, 5699, 5149, 15, 3771, 12371, 752, 2238, 273, 2801, 368, 651, 452, 281, 1408, 285, 651, 309, 816, 320, 2970, 715, 247, 7020, 273, 3237, 342, 436, 1711, 273, 247, 9735, 32, 1532, 187, 15834, 27, 686, 1231, 1263, 253, 1953, 273, 1880, 390, 417, 352, 310, 1896, 281, 3653, 247, 30268, 4561, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 598, 281, 690, 10732, 273, 19945, 432, 253, 6637, 2367, 2690, 92, 1033, 4935, 40, 1009, 273, 370, 40, 1352, 844, 921, 326, 253, 3662, 310, 773, 2302, 668, 275, 247, 2266, 3282, 15, 1284, 247, 806, 1650, 359, 1246, 253, 4849, 273, 42133, 577, 14, 20419, 2390, 370, 40, 2253, 3151, 1366, 669, 3151, 61, 249, 6921, 17, 13, 18, 13, 19, 61, 9616, 1991, 427, 1366, 8818, 407, 253, 1273, 2488, 275, 12459, 15, 844, 921, 326, 2190, 731, 627, 310, 247, 19106, 273, 28208, 1327, 14, 371, 9720, 14, 261, 7480, 2390, 342, 2367, 2690, 92, 1033, 4935, 40, 2253, 3151, 4010, 60, 2249, 21103, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 2023, 17, 9955, 6837, 5709, 21103, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 2023, 18, 20481, 5076, 13, 323, 1016, 273, 841, 2390, 370, 40, 2253, 3151, 5, 627, 310, 247, 19106, 273, 10985, 2390, 370, 40, 5, 342, 253, 1072, 6637, 15, 1284, 247, 1273, 1650, 359, 3989, 247, 19106, 273, 370, 19, 2911, 20419, 32266, 14, 4924, 3213, 14, 20, 1220, 17254, 2390, 342, 253, 6637, 9793, 14, 18, 13, 18, 20481, 496, 1635, 13, 275, 5886, 281, 253, 1840, 1543, 13, 359, 5276, 247, 2715, 273, 253, 388, 335, 266, 40176, 6899 ]	Susan Yeatts of Tampa sometimes went as long as a minute without breathing, before she awakened gasping. She was diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea in 1990, but believes she had the problem since birth. "My mother said I snored so badly as an infant that she couldn't keep my bassinette next to her bed," said Yeatts, now 51 and a pharmacy researcher. A sleep study confirmed that she stopped breathing an average of 73 times an hour, all night long. "I was exhausted all the time," she said. "I never got deep sleep. I was always tired." Mild sleep apnea can usually be resolved with lifestyle changes like losing weight, not smoking, avoiding alcohol before bedtime and sleeping on your side instead of your back. Dental appliances worn during sleep that keep the lower jaw forward and the airway open, also help in some mild cases. Mild to moderate apnea may be treated with surgery, including removal of tissue from the back of the mouth and throat, including the uvula, tonsils and adenoids; plastic rod implants are also sometimes used to stiffen the soft palate, making it less likely to vibrate. When apnea is moderate to severe, the gold standard of treatment is continuous positive airway pressure, commonly known as CPAP. This is a machine that delivers air through a hose or tubing connected to a mask worn while you sleep. The mask fits over the nose or has prongs that fit inside the nose. The air pressure is just enough to keep the airway open and prevent apnea and snoring. Yeatts was prescribed CPAP right after her diagnosis, but found it cumbersome, difficult to sleep with and awkward, especially as a young woman. Still, she used it on and off for 20 years. "It worked," she admits, "But it's noisy and intrusive and it's for the rest of your life. Who wants that?" That was Holler's biggest objection, too. "I would have to use it for the rest of my life," he said. Plus, he found that he tossed and turned too much for CPAP, which "requires you to sleep in one position, on your back, and stay there.'' "I wanted a permanent solution," he said. Holler and Yeatts both turned to Tampa craniomaxillofacial surgeon Pat Ricalde for a radical procedure that moves the mouth, tongue and chin forward permanently to enlarge the airway. Maxillomandibular advancement, or MMA, isn't for everyone with apnea, said Ricalde, especially those doing well with CPAP or other conservative treatment. "The people who come to me have severe apnea and are desperate for a solution," she said. Her patients are so sleep-deprived, they aren't daunted by major surgery. MMA involves cutting several bones in the face and reconnecting them with small titanium screws and plates. It takes about four hours, requires at least two nights in the hospital and means missing work for two weeks. They can resume normal activities and diet in five to six weeks. The hardware is permanent, but won't set off security alarms at airports, Ricalde says of a frequently asked question. "Yes, the surgery is a big deal, but the condition—obstructive sleep apnea—is a big deal. It's more than just snoring. Their oxygen levels drop so low that, over time, it increases their risk of heart attacks, strokes and some cancers," said Ricalde. Dr. Tapan Padhya, co-director of the sleep disorders and snoring clinic at USF Health and Tampa General Hospital says MMA is "an appropriate, accepted surgery.'' But few of his patients who are eligible have it done, "usually because of the long recovery period or insurance issues." The cost can run about $40,000. Yeatts said it took a year before her insurance company would approve the procedure. She had the surgery six months ago. "It's made an amazing difference," she said. "I'm happier, more alert, I can stay awake later at night and I can breath easier." She still has some numbness in her bottom lip, but said it has been slowly improving. Holler had the surgery last April and also has some residual numbness in his lower lip and chin. "It's a weird feeling, but it was worth it," he sys. He snores much less now and his apnea episodes have dropped from 88 an hour to just three. He and his wife are able to sleep in the same room again and recently took a family vacation for the first time in years./* * Generated by class-dump 3.3.4 (64 bit). * * class-dump is Copyright (C) 1997-1998, 2000-2001, 2004-2011 by Steve Nygard. / #import <SAObjects/SABaseClientBoundCommand.h> @class NSString; @interface SAAppsLaunchApp : SABaseClientBoundCommand { } + (id)launchAppWithDictionary:(id)arg1 context:(id)arg2; + (id)launchApp; - (BOOL)requiresResponse; @property(copy, nonatomic) NSString launchId; - (id)encodedClassName; - (id)groupIdentifier; @end What's inside the Senate GOP health care bill Republicans released the text of their bill at an all-members meeting. -- Seven weeks after the House of Representatives passed the American Health Care Act, Senate Republicans unveiled their version of the health care bill today. Here's how the Senate bill differs from the one passed by the House. Inside the Senate bill Funds two years of current Obamacare payments to insurers (which President Trump has repeatedly threatened to pull) to stabilize the insurance marketplace. Delays cuts to Medicaid. Eliminates Obamacare’s individual mandate and doesn’t include penalties for a lapse in coverage. Allows children to stay on parents’ plans through the age of 26. Incentivizes states to apply for waivers of the Essential Health Benefit rules. Some essential benefits include maternity care, drug abuse care and ambulances that are required in insurance plans under the current law. Recapping the House bill Prevents women from using federal tax credits to buy plans that cover abortion and temporarily blocks Planned Parenthood from receiving federal funds for one year. Lets states impose work requirements for Medicaid. Allows states to seek waivers from covering essential health benefits – including maternity care and emergency room trips. Allows states to waive an Obamacare regulation that prevented insurers from charging sicker consumers more, which would effectively undermine pre-existing conditions protections. Repeals Obamacare’s individual mandate but penalizes people who let their coverage lapse for 63 days. Replaces Obamacare’s income-based tax credits with age-based tax credits that don’t vary with local insurance costs. Adds $8 billion to high-risk pools for Americans with pre-existing conditions. Going forward The bill’s release follows months of speculation and contentious debate. Senate Democrats have criticized their Republican counterparts for working on the bill behind closed doors. Earlier this week, Sen. Al Franken, D-Minn., appearing on ABC News’ “Powerhouse Politics” podcast, noted that when crafting the Affordable Care Act, Republicans had a chance to offer changes. “In the Health Committee, I think 160 Republican amendments were accepted into the bill,” he said. “It was debated for 25 straight days before it was voted on. It was scored well in advance. This is a sham.” The Congressional Budget Office, which provides nonpartisan, quantitative analyses to Congress, will now evaluate the bill. A CBO score could come as soon as Friday. The CBO estimated that the version of the American Health Care Act passed by the House would leave 23 million more Americans uninsured by 2026 than under the Affordable Care Act. The office also estimated the bill would reduce federal deficits by $337 billion from 2017 to 2026. ABC News’ Mary Bruce contributed to this report.I am looking at a late 80's prostar 190 right now w/ 800 hours on it. I have heard that with the right amount of weight in these boats they will put up a huge wave. Just wondering what kind of weight you would have to run and would I just be getting into a ton of problems with this old of a boat?--- abstract: 'We study the question of whether or not it is possible to determine a finitely generated group $G$ up to some notion of equivalence from the spectrum ${\mathrm{sp}}(G)$ of $G$. We show that the answer is “No” in a strong sense. As a first example we present the collection of amenable 4-generated groups $G_\omega$, $\omega\in\{0,1,2\}^\mathbb N$, constructed by the second author in 1984. We show that among them there is a continuum of pairwise non-quasi-isometric groups with ${\mathrm{sp}}(G_\omega)=[-\tfrac{1}{2},0]\cup[\tfrac{1}{2},1]$. Moreover, for each of these groups $G_\omega$ there is a continuum of covering groups $G$ with the same spectrum. As a second example we construct a continuum of $2$-generated torsion-free step-3 solvable groups with the spectrum $[-1,1]$. In addition, in relation to the above results, we prove a version of the Hulanicki Theorem
[ 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 1092, 75, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 599, 187, 6, 187, 61, 11510, 578, 75, 30, 18, 1990, 82, 94, 50276, 61, 1124, 92, 19, 367, 2497, 18, 4689, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 17125, 49, 2497, 18, 4689, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 17125, 21159, 93, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1603, 18, 14, 70, 1035, 1906, 64, 75, 16, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 26025, 10819, 19, 94, 50276, 61, 700, 464, 2461, 8814, 82, 1337, 2592, 13, 75, 38225, 1288, 1689, 1337, 67, 1906, 1337, 67, 1637, 10878, 45464, 253, 1340, 273, 253, 36138, 13, 359, 4044, 1764, 2043, 92, 14856, 94, 187, 50276, 61, 1968, 92, 1044, 19, 14, 1706, 19758, 94, 187, 6, 187, 61, 700, 464, 25802, 2005, 2026, 19, 82, 4203, 50276, 61, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 82, 43422, 393, 2204, 26398, 2592, 64, 18, 1337, 2592, 64, 19, 10, 393, 249, 393, 3582, 464, 21416, 2000, 82, 94, 11549, 187, 393, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 2859, 578, 74, 13, 75, 94, 393, 249, 544, 55, 64, 18, 16, 19, 13, 79, 1092, 367, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 94, 393, 3040, 374, 768, 79, 2766, 2808, 64, 19, 63, 20, 295, 11054, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 1092, 480, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 50275, 599, 187, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 1906, 64, 75, 393, 249, 309, 1743, 5994, 2026, 79, 94, 50276, 3353, 480, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 599, 393, 11510, 578, 75, 30, 18, 1990, 82, 94, 393, 1124, 92, 19, 32767, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1603, 18, 14, 70, 1035, 1906, 64, 75, 16, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 26025, 10819, 19, 94, 187, 40, 1126, 2592, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 67, 1906, 64, 75, 2023, 3202, 40, 1126, 2592, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 67, 1906, 64, 75, 4203, 187, 393, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 1637, 578, 74, 1337, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 22058, 393, 1637, 578, 74, 1337, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 3117, 393, 249, 544, 17, 13, 393, 2808, 64, 19, 295, 45301, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 62, 599, 187, 367, 2497, 18, 4689, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 17125, 49, 2497, 18, 4689, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 17125, 393, 700, 464, 2461, 8814, 82, 1337, 2592, 13, 75, 38225, 1288, 1689, 1337, 67, 1906, 1337, 67, 1637, 23516, 423, 92, 14856, 2138, 2896, 1157, 359, 452, 1764, 2043, 92, 14856, 94, 187, 40, 1126, 2592, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 67, 1906, 64, 75, 4203, 50275, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 1637, 578, 74, 1337, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 22058, 393, 1637, 578, 74, 1337, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 7398, 61, 393, 249, 544, 17, 13, 393, 2808, 64, 19, 295, 62, 3202, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 62, 599, 50276, 61, 1124, 92, 50276, 38, 578, 84, 94, 393, 2760, 9, 50276, 61, 4144, 578, 393, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 14030, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 10, 12523, 1906, 64, 75, 49, 1126, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 17125, 1337, 22141, 10, 187, 393, 4144, 578, 393, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 14030, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 17125, 19724, 1906, 64, 75, 49, 1126, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 17125, 1337, 22141, 10, 393, 2760, 9783, 367, 1126, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 17125, 49, 1126, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 10, 6092, 187, 3202, 187, 6, 187, 50275, 30, 393, 2204, 578, 393, 5256, 464, 1637, 2000, 74, 1337, 40792, 464, 1637, 2000, 74, 50276, 61, 249, 544, 17, 13, 50275, 61, 2808, 64, 19, 295, 1092, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 18095, 187, 367, 2497, 18, 4689, 5256, 464, 67, 1637, 599, 367, 2497, 18, 4689, 40792, 464, 67, 1637, 599, 187, 6, 187, 50276, 38, 578, 84, 94, 393, 5178, 9, 187, 393, 4144, 578, 393, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 14030, 5256, 464, 67, 1637, 12523, 1906, 64, 75, 49, 578, 393, 5256, 464, 67, 1637, 23102, 22141, 10, 187, 393, 4144, 578, 393, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 14030, 40792, 464, 67, 1637, 599, 19724, 1906, 64, 75, 49, 578, 393, 40792, 464, 67, 1637, 23102, 22141, 10, 393, 5178, 17585, 423, 92, 14856, 2138, 3813, 13, 370, 40, 1126, 2592, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 67, 1906, 64, 75, 724, 1057, 417, 3469, 327, 9722, 2592, 64, 18, 1337, 2592, 64, 19, 3822, 844, 4993, 690, 669, 2592, 64, 17, 426, 1035, 2592, 578, 17, 13, 18, 5548, 2592, 578, 17, 13, 19, 2311, 393, 249, 393, 3582, 464, 21416, 2000, 82, 1352, 4325, 285, 1157, 359, 4044, 1764, 700, 464, 25802, 2005, 2026, 19, 82, 94, 14680, 1124, 11065, 19, 82, 25246, 1217, 82, 2, 374, 768, 82, 599, 50275, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 2859, 578, 74, 13, 75, 94, 393, 249, 544, 55, 64, 18, 16, 19, 13, 79, 1092, 367, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 94, 393, 3040, 374, 768, 79, 2766, 2808, 64, 19, 63, 20, 295, 11054, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 1092, 480, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 599, 393, 28511, 187, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 1906, 64, 75, 393, 249, 309, 1743, 5994, 2026, 79, 94, 50276, 3353, 480, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 599, 187, 6, 187, 50276, 61, 11510, 578, 75, 30, 18, 1990, 82, 94, 50276, 61, 1124, 92, 19, 32767, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1603, 18, 14, 70, 1035, 1906, 64, 75, 16, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 26025, 10819, 19, 94, 443, 1126, 2592, 64, 17, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 1906, 64, 75, 94, 18822, 4794, 281, 1157, 285, 1157, 359, 755, 1764, 25802, 2005, 578, 19, 82, 94, 426, 50276, 61, 1124, 11065, 19, 82, 25246, 1217, 2805, 2, 19, 768, 82, 599, 393, 11510, 578, 75, 30, 18, 1990, 82, 889, 5178, 9, 50275, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 2859, 578, 74, 13, 75, 94, 393, 249, 544, 55, 64, 18, 16, 19, 13, 79, 1092, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 45301, 187, 367, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 94, 393, 3040, 374, 768, 79, 2766, 2808, 64, 19, 63, 20, 295, 6092, 393, 28511, 187, 61, 2204, 1126, 1906, 64, 75, 393, 249, 309, 1743, 5994, 2026, 79, 94, 748, 187, 50274, 61, 1124, 92, 19, 40, 1126, 2592, 64, 17, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 1906, 64, 75, 5932, 93, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1603, 18, 14, 70, 1035, 1906, 64, 75, 16, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 26025, 10819, 19, 889, 5178, 10, 559, 473, 9, 79, 768, 41317, 2249, 1124, 92, 20, 1217, 21, 599, 11127, 6915, 436, 3908, 323, 370, 82, 30, 18, 1366, 359, 4044, 669, 25802, 2005, 578, 19, 82, 7628, 1124, 11065, 19, 82, 25246, 1217, 2805, 2, 19, 768, 82, 3080, 25802, 2005, 578, 19, 2306, 82, 559, 473, 9, 79, 768, 41317, 14, 20, 16, 21, 2311, 13355, 3813, 13, 8755, 3127, 310, 8058, 4880, 187, 61, 187, 13811, 21, 15, 19, 15, 18, 15, 8072, 273, 253, 4737, 273, 6899, 374, 6019, 12159, 187, 13811, 35439, 3307, 36487, 3921, 1466, 669, 2009, 464, 22141, 34465, 89, 64, 18, 22561, 89, 64, 84, 13, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 6580, 285, 669, 22141, 426, 9, 89, 64, 18, 22561, 89, 64, 84, 10, 13355, 2635, 4622, 1764, 2043, 92, 2132, 94, 187, 61, 27056, 13522, 708, 399, 1035, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 578, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 94, 2387, 426, 50275, 37, 1035, 22141, 13, 313, 41, 64, 84, 9, 76, 1228, 578, 76, 30, 17, 1990, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 14, 18, 94, 50276, 10, 559, 393, 4259, 64, 18, 1337, 1968, 92, 1044, 19, 14, 1508, 11054, 187, 7, 399, 1035, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 768, 14774, 2026, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 94, 2387, 426, 50275, 37, 1035, 22141, 13, 313, 41, 64, 84, 9, 76, 1228, 578, 76, 11468, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 1990, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 14, 18, 94, 50276, 10, 559, 577, 61, 4259, 64, 19, 13, 393, 3362, 14766, 4259, 64, 74, 93, 393, 3040, 337, 1157, 18856, 891, 30, 18, 13, 19, 15, 393, 1968, 92, 1044, 19, 14, 1508, 66, 889, 423, 92, 2132, 2138, 4299, 19545, 36487, 844, 588, 5276, 253, 806, 3908, 15, 380, 4737, 273, 253, 1273, 3908, 310, 2074, 15, 4325, 285, 1157, 359, 452, 1764, 27056, 30, 393, 9290, 9121, 470, 393, 3040, 465, 654, 47, 11549, 93, 11549, 393, 2162, 64, 74, 9, 76, 10, 654, 89, 64, 74, 13, 11549, 891, 30, 18, 13, 537, 13, 84, 1337, 28, 465, 16, 47, 654, 1269, 578, 84, 12, 18, 889, 94, 50276, 14, 50276, 89, 64, 18, 393, 7718, 1269, 64, 84, 1269, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 427, 4700, 7757, 1764, 2043, 92, 14856, 94, 187, 393, 9290, 9121, 470, 393, 3040, 465, 654, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 11549, 93, 11549, 393, 2162, 64, 74, 9, 76, 10, 654, 89, 64, 74, 13, 11549, 891, 30, 18, 13, 537, 13, 84, 12499, 50276, 14, 50276, 89, 64, 18, 393, 7718, 1269, 64, 84, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 428, 18, 187, 50275, 61, 3040, 187, 61, 27056, 3202, 393, 3040, 393, 9290, 9121, 470, 393, 3040, 465, 654, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 11549, 93, 11549, 393, 2162, 64, 74, 9, 76, 10, 654, 89, 64, 74, 13, 11549, 891, 30, 18, 13, 537, 13, 84, 12499, 50276, 14, 50276, 89, 64, 18, 393, 7718, 1269, 64, 84, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 559, 18, 4880, 423, 92, 14856, 2138, 3813, 13, 8755, 3307, 310, 8058, 4880, 187, 61, 187, 13811, 35439, 3495, 36487, 3921, 3378, 41818, 347, 1840, 4622, 1764, 2043, 92, 14856, 94, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 1044, 19, 14, 1348, 66, 94, 187, 61, 27056, 13522, 38, 578, 84, 12, 18, 1603, 399, 1743, 1200, 3713, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 578, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 94, 2387, 2387, 50276, 30, 444, 578, 84, 12, 18, 3713, 84, 37, 578, 53, 578, 84, 5548, 1200, 13, 19, 1603, 17, 17555, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 50276, 1228, 187, 559, 473, 9, 295, 768, 393, 1200, 50276, 84, 1227, 19, 428, 18, 16, 740, 748, 10853, 28, 11549, 256, 61, 5090, 495, 24303, 187, 6, 187, 38, 578, 84, 12, 18, 1603, 399, 1743, 1200, 3713, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 578, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 1990, 14774, 94, 2387, 2387, 187, 426, 444, 578, 84, 12, 18, 3713, 84, 37, 578, 53, 578, 84, 5548, 1200, 13, 19, 33873, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 1092, 19, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 14, 18, 50276, 17968, 423, 92, 14856, 2138, 370, 559, 473, 9, 295, 768, 393, 1200, 50276, 84, 1227, 19, 428, 18, 16, 740, 6580, 323, 370, 84, 30, 19, 43638, 187, 61, 187, 13811, 19545, 36487, 11680, 253, 806, 6642, 15, 1281, 370, 393, 40792, 464, 84, 37, 1603, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 3291, 30, 399, 1035, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 578, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 94, 2387, 50276, 2249, 84, 37, 578, 53, 578, 84, 4935, 17, 17555, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 3291, 370, 285, 370, 50275, 61, 3582, 464, 84, 37, 1603, 17, 17555, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 3291, 30, 399, 1035, 22141, 13, 313, 41, 9, 76, 1228, 578, 76, 30, 17, 1990, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 14, 18, 94, 50276, 10, 50276, 2249, 84, 37, 578, 53, 578, 84, 4935, 17, 17555, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 3291, 13355, 4794, 281, 8755, 3307, 13, 359, 452, 17334, 40792, 464, 84, 37, 1603, 60, 47, 89 ]	i \in[1,s],j \in [1,q]}} % \prod_{j=1}^{q} \frac{2 P^{-1}_{\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}}P^{-1}_{\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}} }{\|P_{\brho_j}(1-e(\mu_j/P_{\brho_j}))\|^2} \hat{\beta}^{(q,\sigma,j)}_{\brho,\bmu,\balpha}.$$ Changing the order of the summation, we obtain $$\begin{gathered} \label{Th2-34abc} % \hat{\varsigma}_{2q}= \frac{1}{q!} \sum_{(\sigma_1,\sigma_2) \in \tilde{\Xi}_q} \; \sum_{\substack{\rho_{i,j} \in [V_1/2,n], P_{\brho_j} \leq 2^{n+\log_2^3 n}\\ i \in[1,s], j \in [1,q] }} \sum_{\substack{\mu_j \in I^{\prime}_{n} \\ j \in [1,q]}} \prod_{j=1}^{q} \frac{2}{\|P_{\brho_j}(1-e(\mu_j/P_{\brho_j}))\|^2} G_{\sigma,\brho_j,\bmu_j}, \\G_{\sigma,\brho_j,\bmu_j}= \sum_{\substack{\alpha_{i,\sigma_1(j)}, \alpha_{i,\sigma_2(j)} \in [0, \log_2 n]\\ i \in[1,s]}} P^{-1}_{\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}}P^{-1}_{\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}} \hat{\beta}^{(q,\sigma,j)}_{\brho,\bmu,\balpha}.\end{gathered}$$ By , we have $$\begin{gathered} G_{\sigma,\brho_j,\bmu_j}= \sum_{\substack{\alpha_{i,\sigma_1(j)}, \alpha_{i,\sigma_2(j)}\\ \in [0, \log_2 n] \\ i \in[1,s]}} \frac{ E_{s} \big( \psi_{ \brho_j +\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}}(\mu_jP_{\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}},\bx) \psi_{ \brho_j +\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}}(-\mu_jP_{\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}},\bx) \big)}{ P_{\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}}P_{\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}}} \\ % = \sum_{ \dot{\alpha}_i,\ddot{\alpha}_i \in [0, \log_2 n], i \in[1,s]} P^{-1}_{\dot{\balpha}} P^{-1}_{\ddot{\balpha}} % E_{s} \Big( \psi_{ \brho_j +\dot{\balpha}}(\mu_jP_{ \dot{\balpha}},\bx) \psi_{ \brho_j +\ddot{\balpha}}(-\mu_jP_{ \ddot{\balpha}},\bx) \Big).\end{gathered}$$ Therefore, $G_{\sigma,\brho_j,\bmu_j}$ does not depend on $(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$. We fix some $\sigma_0 =(\sigma_{0,1},\sigma_{0,2}) \in \tilde{\Xi}_q$. From and , we obtain $$\hat{\varsigma}_{2q} =\frac{(2q)!}{q! 2^{q}} \sum_{\substack{\rho_{i,j} \in [V_1/2,n], P_{\brho_j} \leq 2^{n+\log_2^3 n}\\ i \in[1,s], j \in [1,q]}} \;\; \sum_{\substack{\mu_j \in I^{\prime}_{n} \\ j \in [1,q]}} % \prod_{j=1}^{q} \frac{2}{\|P_{\brho_j}(1-e(\mu_j/P_{\brho_j}))\|^2} G_{\sigma_0,\brho_j,\mu_j} .$$ According to , and , we get $$\varsigma_{2q} = \frac{(2q)!}{ q!2^{q}} \prod_{j=1}^{q}\Big( \sum_{\substack{\rho_{i,j} \in [V_1/2,n], i \in[1,s]\\ P_{\brho_j} \leq 2^{n+\log_2^3 n}}} \;\; \sum_{\mu_j \in I^{\prime}_{n} } \frac{2G_{\sigma_0,\brho_j,\mu_j}}{\|P_{\brho_j}(1-e(\mu_j/P_{\brho_j}))\|^2}\Big) + O(n^{qs-\frac{3}{4}}).$$ Using this statement for $q=1$, we obtain $\varsigma_{2q}=\frac{(2q)!}{ q!2^{q}}\varsigma_{2}^q + O(n^{qs-3/4}) $. Therefore, Lemma 21 is proved.\ \ [4.2.1. End of the proof of Theorem 2.]{}\ [Lemma 22.]{} [Let $\bar{\bx}=(x_1,...,x_s,x_{s+1})$ and $\bx =(x_1,...,x_s) $. Then]{} $$\begin{aligned} \varrho:= & D(\bar{\bx}, \cH_{s+1,N} ) = D(\bx, (H_s(k))_{k=0}^{[Nx_{s+1}]-1} ) + \epsilon_1,\label{Th2-23}\\ & D(\bar{\bx}, \cH^{sym}_{s+1,N} ) = D(\bx, (H_s(k))_{k=-[Nx_{s+1}]}^{[Nx_{s+1}]-1} ) + 4\epsilon_2, \quad \|\epsilon_i\| \leq 1 ,\; i=1,2. \label{Th2-23a}\end{aligned}$$ [Proof.]{} We will prove the first statement. The proof of the second statement is similar. From and , we have $$\varrho= \card \{ 0 \leq k <N \;\| \; \phi_i(k) <x_i, \; i=1,..,s,\; k/N < x_{s+1}\} - x_1 \cdots x_s x_{s+1} N.$$ Hence $$\begin{gathered} \card \{ 0 \leq k <[Nx_{s+1}] \;\| \; \phi_i(k) <x_i, \; i=1,..,s\} - x_1 \cdots x_s[Nx_{s+1}] -1 \leq \varrho \\ \leq \card \{ 0 \leq k <[Nx_{s+1}] \;\| \; \phi_i(k) <x_i, \; i=1,..,s\} - x_1 \cdots x_s[Nx_{s+1}] +1.\end{gathered}$$ Therefore, Lemma 22 is proved.\ \ [Lemma 23.]{} [With notations as above]{} $$\begin{gathered} \label{Th2-24a} \varrho:=E_{s+1}( D^{\sh}(\bar{\bx}, \cH_{s+1,N} ) ) = E_{s+1}(\sD_{T_{s},\sh,2}(0,[Nx_{s+1}] )) + O( n^{ \sh s /2 -1/10 }),\; \; s\geq 3,\\ % E_{s+1}( D^{\sh}(\bar{\bx}, \cH_{s+1,N}^{sym} ) ) = E_{s+1}(\sD_{T_{s},\sh,2}(-[Nx_{s+1}],2[Nx_{s+1}]-1 ))\end{gathered}$$ $ + O( n^{ \sh s /2 -1/10})$ for $s=2$.\ \ [Proof.]{} Consider the first estimate. Let $ \ddot{\sD}([Nx_{s+1}])= D(\bar{\bx}, \cH_{s+1,N} ) -\sD_{T_{s}}(0,[Nx_{s+1}]) $ and $ \tilde{\sD}(0,[Nx_{s+1}])= D(\bx, (H(k))_{k=0}^{[Nx_{s+1}]-1} ) -\sD_{T_{s}}(0,[Nx_{s+1}]) $. According to Lemma 22, we have $\|\ddot{\sD}([Nx
[ 29, 9, 3474, 6268, 1450, 2703, 64, 1374, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 29, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 1018, 11, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 29, 9, 3474, 1018, 11, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 380, 30159, 38706, 1364, 452, 253, 1072, 2978, 281, 320, 4503, 187, 50276, 10975, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 643, 10, 1030, 28, 535, 50276, 605, 35116, 3294, 2392, 326, 16384, 253, 4229, 2876, 715, 247, 2876, 64, 1374, 806, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 6268, 1450, 2703, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 6268, 1450, 2703, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 6268, 1450, 2703, 64, 1374, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 6268, 1450, 2703, 64, 1374, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 1018, 11, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 1018, 11, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 18312, 84, 30159, 2776, 347, 2876, 187, 50276, 8471, 6268, 1450, 33203, 7, 5572, 14193, 9, 8400, 1450, 33203, 7, 7684, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 10928, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 15185, 1863, 1212, 494, 4473, 3058, 323, 23762, 2193, 15, 2594, 27, 3944, 1358, 257, 15, 14161, 14005, 15, 681, 16, 88, 16, 14161, 16, 31503, 16, 12455, 1212, 494, 187, 50276, 8471, 2991, 22101, 9, 26028, 2776, 298, 11285, 13, 30159, 2776, 38309, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 4235, 522, 767, 30159, 38706, 407, 46108, 253, 6944, 3541, 434, 2600, 187, 50276, 4353, 22101, 9, 26028, 2776, 7, 643, 558, 535, 6885, 27, 187, 50276, 3615, 11, 1030, 795, 6441, 28, 187, 50276, 3474, 1979, 64, 85, 795, 36116, 64, 3985, 28, 187, 50276, 3474, 7301, 795, 628, 84, 64, 20704, 426, 2032, 28, 187, 4718, 187, 187, 94, 50276, 605, 12953, 258, 993, 2204, 187, 38, 39828, 314, 23724, 775, 1169, 3617, 1832, 2, 187, 187, 2374, 776, 4143, 281, 253, 8221, 23246, 15963, 13, 313, 4609, 369, 816, 8884, 247, 7671, 28060, 2170, 1955, 281, 8762, 10, 359, 1313, 40103, 13, 271, 13988, 3416, 665, 2210, 281, 755, 12682, 15, 1500, 2183, 441, 849, 703, 5262, 253, 1390, 1643, 1897, 31702, 617, 36507, 534, 1694, 653, 645, 264, 285, 6337, 1977, 15, 1500, 4720, 1119, 731, 275, 247, 13392, 476, 22267, 15, 40103, 1694, 747, 33957, 285, 35731, 14782, 617, 747, 12682, 327, 253, 1039, 1728, 15, 21276, 9767, 1094, 27, 15670, 20577, 48077, 8, 12079, 42631, 275, 399, 602, 4325, 3032, 27069, 46185, 187, 187, 37, 14250, 3928, 4412, 10158, 20577, 48077, 556, 5087, 2021, 2758, 390, 9341, 597, 1211, 625, 685, 370, 2227, 13, 933, 432, 521, 4544, 8064, 13, 2556, 281, 914, 25525, 4913, 434, 2278, 273, 521, 4544, 15065, 5012, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1635, 13, 846, 521, 6132, 275, 4596, 5403, 13, 48077, 3135, 10054, 28275, 323, 521, 4544, 3906, 13, 534, 2486, 247, 2264, 273, 370, 1619, 13, 933, 323, 4481, 14874, 313, 266, 3388, 273, 370, 45386, 591, 7830, 13, 285, 436, 1057, 417, 2486, 521, 894, 4481, 582, 370, 1797, 13, 933, 323, 5637, 14874, 4816, 38280, 591, 7830, 582, 370, 21, 13, 18104, 323, 3678, 14874, 4816, 14256, 591, 7830, 582, 370, 21, 13, 1518, 323, 23298, 1557, 14874, 4816, 13743, 591, 7830, 582, 370, 19, 13, 7554, 323, 1824, 14874, 4816, 7749, 591, 7830, 10, 285, 370, 18104, 323, 13965, 8667, 14874, 4816, 1630, 591, 7830, 481, 187, 187, 510, 7596, 310, 13, 521, 10058, 4544, 3906, 10764, 2317, 342, 247, 3055, 2136, 9633, 407, 48077, 285, 521, 4475, 13, 5043, 247, 17167, 273, 643, 9341, 9633, 407, 2021, 2758, 13, 285, 352, 434, 417, 2590, 432, 253, 5012, 604, 1110, 9341, 403, 10054, 616, 3894, 273, 253, 11839, 14874, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 31324, 4544, 8064, 323, 3367, 897, 310, 1411, 1375, 1569, 15, 187, 187, 2447, 25525, 4913, 3597, 12889, 281, 1642, 48077, 670, 253, 34293, 432, 521, 4544, 8064, 13, 533, 344, 1904, 626, 3794, 281, 3542, 3533, 285, 2067, 4481, 5841, 13, 3707, 281, 4138, 949, 247, 18082, 1969, 521, 19338, 1969, 326, 344, 556, 2218, 2717, 3430, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 1107, 13, 253, 7145, 273, 8698, 24496, 4377, 38715, 285, 18267, 5720, 2822, 12772, 4913, 556, 644, 247, 1273, 1728, 281, 253, 3286, 6834, 13, 285, 352, 434, 417, 1892, 281, 2096, 2139, 15, 380, 767, 9195, 344, 21186, 387, 2030, 2405, 285, 2030, 1671, 13993, 44, 2071, 19122, 15, 1978, 521, 2021, 275, 2810, 18326, 281, 1016, 643, 13, 285, 48077, 4270, 521, 1569, 3946, 387, 2030, 2405, 13993, 44, 1078, 14004, 1076, 8786, 20358, 90, 1608, 645, 281, 2489, 253, 1375, 434, 806, 2806, 3286, 6834, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2317, 387, 2030, 2405, 310, 13598, 407, 247, 401, 21718, 3313, 13927, 7789, 326, 344, 21186, 342, 4475, 308, 32028, 13, 617, 3569, 25021, 2136, 313, 3594, 515, 26718, 27211, 447, 582, 19338, 32211, 434, 1345, 2493, 2567, 313, 56, 5259, 18817, 10, 285, 2790, 353, 698, 1720, 2711, 641, 15, 48077, 671, 7303, 281, 29684, 521, 4544, 17929, 715, 253, 374, 13, 26, 1610, 14, 15044, 14, 8938, 2170, 15, 3900, 359, 497, 417, 7169, 776, 2748, 281, 16030, 253, 18702, 13, 399, 11338, 2529, 352, 347, 346, 66, 26348, 14, 10306, 2317, 594, 689, 32910, 4861, 352, 434, 247, 1061, 1197, 273, 247, 17929, 449, 187, 187, 510, 5012, 2486, 247, 29023, 1618, 273, 10762, 281, 521, 17772, 8, 9341, 15, 9658, 731, 369, 370, 1099, 13, 933, 5087, 281, 308, 14, 2809, 14068, 17218, 68, 1715, 66, 323, 17052, 39529, 285, 33054, 327, 29686, 6258, 275, 5403, 13, 2112, 342, 308, 14, 39529, 323, 253, 346, 18681, 366, 3436, 13, 1668, 5008, 3, 285, 346, 39302, 6112, 3, 275, 4695, 15, 380, 15454, 369, 5087, 370, 1797, 13, 933, 281, 28335, 9449, 285, 32678, 4676, 285, 281, 2085, 2739, 323, 253, 11772, 285, 20915, 8955, 323, 17446, 48077, 13, 20577, 434, 18796, 15, 13916, 369, 671, 5087, 370, 1237, 13, 933, 323, 4544, 789, 285, 23762, 8888, 13, 285, 1529, 4103, 13, 3667, 18709, 48077, 13, 556, 644, 5087, 370, 24, 13, 933, 347, 247, 4544, 12954, 15, 313, 1231, 1472, 417, 2119, 752, 2954, 3667, 18709, 556, 281, 20577, 2698, 1876, 533, 370, 20, 13, 5388, 273, 253, 10762, 281, 13916, 285, 3667, 18709, 497, 1160, 846, 48077, 369, 10544, 15, 187, 187, 28144, 13, 48077, 2361, 247, 370, 1235, 13, 933, 275, 14, 11258, 23672, 275, 5215, 432, 6865, 24324, 38174, 15, 496, 14, 11258, 23866, 403, 9021, 273, 10229, 390, 3238, 347, 10066, 281, 2583, 13, 285, 253, 3753, 273, 253, 23672, 310, 12744, 1754, 327, 253, 12108, 15, 380, 6112, 29686, 6307, 33093, 23866, 432, 18674, 281, 3569, 9183, 13, 285, 15927, 403, 2626, 14, 14577, 11664, 19844, 13, 2556, 281, 253, 2127, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2127, 671, 3054, 326, 2757, 2392, 1364, 30210, 4514, 271, 8399, 28, 2299, 13, 347, 3286, 6834, 13, 581, 651, 5467, 48077, 310, 7615, 342, 253, 1569, 15, 8969, 24367, 11436, 84, 13, 19041, 2087, 5067, 342, 253, 6112, 21482, 5399, 13, 11424, 326, 253, 1569, 310, 21248, 5001, 849, 281, 3653, 1880, 3095, 30210, 25026, 271, 9676, 7680, 15, 346, 1147, 434, 1633, 368, 651, 1007, 387, 327, 247, 1083, 14, 1615, 14, 5045, 3720, 937, 344, 2296, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 671, 1896, 326, 48077, 18298, 281, 4271, 253, 7680, 347, 3551, 432, 247, 3569, 2250, 9353, 13, 534, 310, 247, 3055, 1387, 10932, 281, 1329, 3374, 390, 9183, 13, 533, 344, 11210, 626, 10974, 281, 9762, 281, 21184, 327, 253, 23672, 15, 313, 9873, 1831, 569, 403, 4136, 281, 2794, 4858, 31136, 84, 281, 37346, 9021, 281, 9183, 2698, 187, 187, 30658, 7232, 8, 4544, 5012, 671, 1804, 326, 344, 778, 320, 14761, 3006, 253, 28275, 285, 643, 4815, 323, 521, 4060, 2567, 285, 643, 9341, 9628, 2317, 342, 521, 4544, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 3653, 1880, 521, 4544, 310, 275, 958, 10054, 253, 2862, 11839, 14874, 323, 253, 2867, 387, 2030, 2405, 13993, 44, 2071, 19122, 15, 390, 4931, 1014, 1110, 273, 253, 3652, 344, 21186, 1735, 3369, 13, 359, 18203, 521, 4653, 637, 13, 32211, 48077, 13, 285, 2546, 323, 10125, 273, 2800, 41271, 1078, 7004, 3533, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 717, 625, 685, 2762, 368, 403, 6600, 273, 253, 1375, 6645, 347, 352, 7033, 281, 4544, 15065, 12222, 285, 253, 9610, 6095, 937, 20577, 48077, 753, 275, 247, 3908, 15, 346, 1231, 452, 35037, 342, 436, 6645, 347, 352, 7033, 281, 9610, 4544, 12222, 449, 187, 187, 1231, 1694, 896, 275, 5181, 342, 32211, 13, 15571, 776, 4468, 5001, 2067, 273, 253, 10762, 13, 1690, 247, 370, 21, 13, 5388, 5637, 6007, 432, 4163, 4695, 285, 370, 22, 13, 933, 5087, 281, 8966, 8302, 323, 3652, 9363, 15, 380, 2953, 7117, 323, 8302, 13, 9934, 1706, 2398, 4123, 19672, 13, 6569, 281, 320, 253, 3438, 12913, 273, 20577, 434, 20606, 13, 2752, 1378, 261, 401, 38814, 8302, 48077, 13, 665, 4962, 275, 4596, 5215, 15, 32211, 369, 7591, 281, 5513, 253, 14874, 390, 4271, 849, 8302, 310, 2905, 281, 20577, 13, 285, 840, 344, 3534, 441, 1529, 3908, 15, 187, 187, 3, 20517, 13, 591, 1375, 6645, 13, 359, 452, 35037, 342, 9610, 6095, 285, 4544, 26671, 4803, 937, 20577, 753, 15, 187, 187, 28050, 6883, 253, 1273, 3908, 432, 20577, 13, 359, 2546, 32211, 3066, 299, 14, 5719, 1880, 326, 5486, 48077, 5082, 626, 921, 441, 667, 41271, 390, 3662, 1480, 3533, 327, 253, 34293, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 10974, 2568, 969, 342, 247, 39824, 2380, 432, 20577, 15, 346, 1898, 969, 13, 359, 452, 35037, 342, 9610, 6095, 285, 4544, 26671, 4803, 449, 187, 187, 1231, 840, 39010, 884, 3533, 281, 32211, 327, 8216, 2360, 5001, 20577, 434, 5012, 15, 754, 11210, 626, 10974, 281, 7418, 4481, 5841, 285, 299, 14, 42453, 15, 187, 187, 8430, 20577, 2506, 626, 2454, 247, 3625, 16871, 13, 32211, 556, 11106, 20577, 434, 10000, 10130, 275, 2045, 299, 14, 42453, 285, 4481, 16072, 347, 4606, 2139, 344, 434, 2668, 594, 1048, 281, 2085, 7234, 15, 754, 556, 644, 46232, 342, 305, 23351, 25922, 7431, 7641, 5219, 13, 9635, 5963, 7431, 21710, 29306, 13, 9635, 28845, 7431, 3196, 15, 3599, 5830, 26424, 285, 2571, 15, 187, 187, 4967, 310, 253, 15670, 27086, 281, 5513, 521, 5012, 32, 6089, 13, 627, 434, 436, 27, 5238, 30135, 15, 20151, 273, 253, 6112, 29686, 6307, 13, 534, 33093, 253, 9436, 273, 4544, 8064, 281, 3367, 897, 1969, 347, 275, 1053, 626, 2075, 634, 3055, 2136, 434, 4481, 6007, 13, 390, 634, 4475, 434, 13, 342, 4544, 2583, 15, 48077, 11719, 17587, 5637, 13, 3678, 13, 4481, 13, 13965, 285, 1824, 14874, 342, 4544, 8064, 13, 534, 310, 417, 19772, 407, 1569, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 1979, 273, 253, 10762, 5936, 326, 344, 434, 417, 19860, 253, 6007, 875, 253, 9341, 326, 3894, 253, 2317, 387, 2030, 2405, 13993, 44, 2071, 19122, 904, 1677, 253, 1979, 273, 253, 14874, 285, 253, 10058, 2317, 273, 253, 3652, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 2546, 48077, 670, 326, 13, 533, 969, 13, 344, 1904, 626, 3794, 15, 187, 187, 37356, 342, 253, 370, 22, 13, 933, 275, 3652, 9363, 5087, 281, 8966, 8302, 13, 48077, 671, 5262, 370, 18, 13, 5388, 281, 452, 26050, 274, 8965, 8038, 846, 10054, 370, 18, 13, 32174, 275, 4437, 5215, 323, 25931, 1563, 247, 2740, 14, 249, 15, 1244, 13515, 846, 521, 6132, 13, 48077, 3407, 16959, 10762, 327, 247, 4382, 313, 21470, 745, 846, 370, 22, 13, 1518, 582, 247, 5440, 1321, 4816, 1010, 13, 933, 5262, 594, 2080, 285, 15496, 10, 285, 247, 8888, 5145, 4816, 1093, 13, 10695, 285, 15496, 481, 733, 434, 12744, 1880, 841, 403, 1146, 908, 407, 667, 273, 253, 643, 9341, 9628, 2317, 342, 521, 4544, 15, 187, 187, 19799, 643, 34293, 27, 370, 21, 13, 2313, 5087, 323, 42628, 800, 10855, 846, 521 ]	<(const std::string_view& lhs, const FixedString& rhs); friend bool operator<(const FixedString& lhs, const char* rhs); friend bool operator<(const char* lhs, const FixedString& rhs); // The FixedStrings must have the same length to be equal bool operator==(const FixedString& other) const; // Regular comparators that wrap the fixed string into a string_view first friend bool operator==(const FixedString& lhs, const std::string& rhs); friend bool operator==(const std::string& lhs, const FixedString& rhs); friend bool operator==(const FixedString& lhs, const std::string_view& rhs); friend bool operator==(const std::string_view& lhs, const FixedString& rhs); friend bool operator==(const FixedString& lhs, const char* rhs); friend bool operator==(const char* lhs, const FixedString& rhs); // Prints FixedString as string friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const FixedString& obj); // Support swappable concept needed for sorting values. See: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Swappable friend void swap(FixedString lhs, FixedString rhs); // Swap two FixedStrings by exchanging the underlying memory's content void swap(FixedString& other); protected: char* const _mem; const size_t _maximum_length; const bool _owns_memory = true; }; } // namespace opossum Elderly Woman Chases Goats! On our visit to the Navajo Nation, (which was just declared a Federal Emergency area due to snow) we met Dorothy, an elderly woman who came to get shoes. She told us how she spent the last few days chasing her goats which got spooked and ran away. She finally found them in a distant canyon. Dorothy got new socks and proudly wore her new shoes on the way home.Family Affair: DA Craig Watkins' Family Rolling in Dough From His Campaign Funds Dallas County District Attorney Craig Watkins has paid family members or businesses they own more than $85,000 from his campaign funds, according to Unfair Park's review of his campaign finance reports. In addition, after his election in November 2006, Watkins begin paying utilities for his campaign office, which include a total of $28,000 for phone bills (an average of $820 per payment, and this does not include his cell phone), $21,000 for electric bills ($630 per payment), $4,900 for gas bills ($220 per payment), $4,200 for lawn care bills ($135 per payment), $2,300 for water bills ($110 per payment) and $900 for alarm monitoring bills ($27 per payment). The trouble is, his tiny campaign office shares space with a private business owned by Watkins and his wife, plus a handful of other businesses owned by family members, and it's not clear from the reports if those businesses are paying their share of the utility bills. Converting campaign funds for personal use is against state law. Unfair Park tried repeatedly to ask Watkins about the expenditures from his campaign funds, but he didn't respond to written questions and several phone calls, except to assert through a spokesman -- his cousin -- that he has done nothing wrong. For years, the corner of Martin Luther King Boulevard and Atlanta Street near Fair Park has been a second home to the district attorney, and it's not hard to understand why. The two buildings he owns at 2531 and 2535 MLK Blvd. keep his family in close proximity to each other, and Watkins built his law practice at 2531 MLK before upsetting Republican Toby Shook to become the state's first black district attorney. The space at 2531 is occupied by a Fidelity National Title branch that he owns with wife Tanya, her political consulting business (Grass Root Strategies), cousin Kurt's public relations company (W Public Relations) and Pat Mays Realtors. Watkins also managed to squeeze his campaign headquarters into the 2,933-square-foot area. While we were not granted our request to inspect the premises, D magazine described it as "a closet-sized space so overcrowded it's a parody of a headquarters." The reports include a laundry list of payments to his relatives' businesses. Among them was $25,000 paid to T-Shirts Etcetera for sweatshirts and hats on Election Day in 2006, along with T-shirts for the "Senate 26, 16 convention" and "Obama Texas" in 2008. The Bridge was paid $21,000 to cater Christmas and Thanksgiving parties and to provide food for the wake and funeral dinner for Ted Watkins, Craig's uncle. Greg was also paid $32,000 for campaign work and sorting mail, and another relative, Reggie Watkins, has been paid $7,000 as a campaign worker. (We're not sure what relationship Reggie has to Craig.) All but $3,500 of the payments to Greg and Reggie were made after Watkins was elected. Additionally, Watkins reported a $50,000 in-kind donation in 2007 from Time Warner Cable. In-kind donations are contributions of goods or services as opposed to money, and the nature of the donation is unclear based on the filing. The Texas Election Code prohibits donations from corporations to political candidates, and violations are third-degree felonies, according to the code. The code also states that violators must knowingly commit an offense; however, as district attorney, one would assume Watkins is familiar with the law. Tim Sorrells, deputy general counsel with the Texas Ethics Commission, explains that the law is vague regarding how to determine whether someone knowingly accepts an illegal contribution. "It's something you would look at on a case-by-case basis," he says. It's also possible that Watkins forgot to identify the contribution as coming from a political action committee, which is a private group organized to support issues or candidates, but he hasn't responded to requests to elaborate on the donation. (Corporations are allowed to create separate PACs to funnel contributions to candidates.) Watkins' campaign reports also suggest that he may be subsidizing the utilities and other costs for his title company and other businesses sharing space with his campaign. To determine whether his campaign is in fact paying the entire utility bills for the property at 2531 MLK Blvd. or perhaps even those of the building he owns next door, we contacted his PR man, Kurt Watkins, and asked for copies of six receipts before asking questions. "I am more than positive you are aware of the state statute as it relates to campaign finance expenses and the reporting requirements," Craig Watkins said in a statement. "We have complied with this statute as it relates to reporting campaign expenses." We got back in touch with Kurt, explaining our concern regarding several of the payments, including a $4,500 electric bill from July 2008 and $5,000 paid to Henry Jones for building maintenance. The address listed for Jones, 6834 Marla Drive, happens to be the former residence of Craig's grandmother, Myrtis Faye Jones Watkins, who died in November 2007. Kurt was unable to explain the bills or identify how Jones is related to Craig, and then he gave us another statement. "Again, per state statute, we have complied with reporting requirements and campaign expenditure rules," Craig said. Upon receiving the second statement from Craig, we asked Kurt via e-mail whether that meant Watkins wouldn't show us any receipts or answer direct questions on the expenditures. He responded yet again with a guarded response from Craig. "And again, we have complied with reporting requirements and campaign expenditure rules." We then forwarded 10 questions to Kurt on Thursday night regarding Craig's reports. He hasn't responded to numerous phone calls and e-mails. Although Craig doesn't face a primary opponent, Kurt has cited Craig's busy schedule in previous e-mails and phone conversations as reasons why he's taken so long to provide statements. He has been campaigning with gubernatorial candidate Bill White, county judge candidate Clay Jenkins, county commissioner candidate Dr. Elba Garcia and others. Why is the DA unwilling to explain his reports? Well, there's this: Section 253.035 of the Texas Election Code, which prohibits the conversion of campaign funds to personal use -- as in don't pay your private business's phone bill, or your wife's, with campaign money. Watkins regularly pays electric, gas, phone, alarm and water bills with campaign funds, which is not prohibited by law. However, the size of the payments suggests that he's not splitting the bill between the businesses that share the space at 2531 MLK Blvd., given the size of the bills and the tiny space of the building. We asked Watkins about that, but again, he didn't respond. Along with the $5,000 in building maintenance paid to Henry Jones, Watkins also spent $1,500 to have burglar bars installed after paying $1,850 in October 2007 for repairs following a break-in. And shortly after his election, Watkins began lease payments on a computer (paid off after $5,200), a copier ($15,000 spent so far and counting) and a mail machine ($18,800 and counting). It's unclear whether these are being used by any of the other businesses sharing space with his campaign. Among other expenditures: $4,100 paid for commemorative plates after his
[ 3550, 1542, 4236, 1318, 281, 9763, 327, 4236, 5382, 4391, 187, 187, 53, 11729, 281, 1509, 253, 4236, 1318, 534, 310, 5974, 301, 275, 436, 1083, 281, 22929, 5232, 15, 187, 3145, 187, 33, 5302, 313, 26592, 15, 24393, 5232, 1587, 11927, 38403, 995, 346, 18686, 995, 1826, 551, 2654, 30, 7104, 15, 39095, 1838, 2023, 7191, 6942, 15, 8983, 1228, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 33, 26592, 15, 24475, 10854, 2765, 2214, 9, 78, 3001, 278, 15, 39095, 1838, 13, 10031, 15, 11927, 2765, 13, 346, 7845, 16551, 995, 1826, 551, 327, 4168, 426, 346, 2520, 15, 630, 15, 21399, 1874, 3, 13985, 187, 94, 187, 187, 8929, 12121, 187, 1345, 12121, 9179, 28143, 38403, 9, 565, 2654, 10, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 2044, 8692, 426, 313, 4064, 391, 275, 10726, 15, 1267, 7273, 24937, 835, 391, 15, 36303, 64, 2618, 2295, 2654, 3609, 391, 481, 1992, 2765, 1874, 187, 50270, 2309, 9182, 9, 5374, 558, 50266, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 187, 7104, 187, 4387, 966, 28143, 7104, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 4387, 5552, 29, 10004, 2765, 5475, 31, 28143, 2765, 551, 755, 28, 873, 28, 748, 187, 50274, 4387, 540, 5974, 1838, 551, 755, 28, 873, 28, 748, 187, 50274, 4387, 2876, 5974, 2402, 551, 755, 28, 873, 28, 748, 187, 94, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 71, 3341, 15433, 562, 187, 3145, 187, 1214, 5302, 313, 26592, 15, 24393, 5232, 1587, 11927, 38403, 995, 346, 18686, 995, 7191, 6942, 15, 8983, 1228, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 33, 26592, 15, 24475, 10854, 2765, 2214, 9, 78, 3001, 278, 15, 39095, 1838, 13, 10031, 15, 11927, 2765, 13, 346, 7845, 16551, 995, 1826, 551, 327, 4168, 426, 346, 2520, 15, 630, 15, 21399, 1874, 3, 13985, 187, 94, 187, 187, 9019, 187, 4387, 12121, 9179, 28143, 38403, 9, 11927, 7104, 32765, 3550, 10, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 565, 2654, 426, 32765, 3550, 15, 39095, 1838, 28, 187, 50270, 2044, 8692, 426, 313, 4064, 391, 275, 10726, 15, 1267, 7273, 24937, 835, 391, 15, 36303, 64, 2618, 2295, 2654, 3609, 391, 481, 1992, 2765, 1874, 187, 50270, 2309, 9182, 9, 5374, 558, 50266, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50, 27, 187, 187, 2347, 281, 3630, 253, 1563, 21165, 275, 34340, 32, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 2820, 281, 4853, 247, 4086, 275, 6520, 326, 588, 9232, 247, 346, 9961, 25178, 2876, 3446, 187, 34, 1554, 25178, 2876, 310, 247, 2876, 326, 7866, 342, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 27, 15078, 1383, 7637, 342, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 13, 285, 476, 13905, 689, 2709, 3104, 15, 187, 2214, 1650, 27, 50276, 187, 35033, 1552, 310, 187, 266, 1650, 273, 187, 66, 1554, 25178, 187, 2703, 35033, 187, 187, 2598, 619, 3177, 387, 436, 369, 436, 27, 50276, 187, 6, 92, 187, 4, 3709, 29, 74, 33203, 31, 187, 5302, 6268, 1450, 28644, 28, 187, 5302, 6268, 1450, 36528, 28, 187, 187, 6, 94, 187, 187, 38299, 42, 64, 44614, 64, 9639, 50274, 6267, 14249, 15, 3577, 79, 2888, 35033, 187, 187, 7847, 187, 187, 92, 38299, 42, 64, 44614, 64, 9639, 94, 50276, 92, 28644, 14193, 3, 25302, 1147, 1476, 22866, 50275, 187, 187, 7847, 187, 187, 565, 2022, 9, 565, 46090, 13, 1018, 11, 39989, 47093, 551, 535, 50274, 12502, 249, 30, 71, 5758, 1587, 2566, 15, 10134, 995, 346, 83, 3287, 535, 50274, 338, 6522, 12502, 249, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 28644, 14193, 3, 12502, 249, 310, 5812, 3, 14193, 36528, 28, 187, 50270, 2309, 337, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 12502, 1591, 1874, 187, 50274, 2309, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 7371, 2987, 323, 253, 3280, 27, 187, 35033, 1552, 310, 187, 66, 4471, 187, 1282, 187, 2703, 2, 35033, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 187, 8826, 3632, 187, 1156, 187, 187, 510, 3453, 310, 27, 187, 25302, 1147, 2, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 187, 8826, 3632, 187, 1156, 187, 187, 2858, 1057, 417, 789, 313, 263, 13, 281, 320, 625, 7899, 13, 11330, 3430, 3453, 10, 323, 436, 3280, 27, 50276, 187, 35033, 1552, 310, 187, 66, 4471, 187, 1282, 187, 2703, 2, 35033, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 187, 8826, 3632, 187, 1156, 187, 187, 35033, 395, 436, 187, 261, 1529, 187, 9961, 25178, 187, 2703, 35033, 2490, 187, 7371, 11330, 27, 187, 25302, 1147, 2, 187, 187, 1552, 1921, 310, 984, 619, 4086, 2296, 27, 187, 3, 22798, 323, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 13, 3560, 407, 667, 1896, 1894, 13, 3560, 407, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 995, 187, 2858, 2581, 13, 352, 943, 1333, 27, 187, 3, 22798, 323, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 13, 3560, 407, 667, 1896, 1894, 3707, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 13, 3560, 407, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 3446, 187, 2347, 476, 309, 513, 326, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 2214, 247, 2969, 2297, 318, 751, 436, 13, 352, 310, 4942, 3477, 281, 3989, 247, 3963, 2048, 27, 187, 3, 6267, 21288, 9, 5180, 6038, 93, 8, 5180, 6038, 93, 6267, 5180, 6038, 2888, 3, 6267, 21288, 535, 187, 17786, 20626, 15, 44733, 313, 36122, 10, 187, 23568, 367, 15, 19, 69, 37345, 187, 9707, 20466, 10449, 3481, 8360, 10579, 6570, 3481, 3003, 45893, 3481, 20467, 33082, 3481, 3003, 26090, 3481, 611, 19038, 1719, 13, 22706, 13, 187, 87, 15, 187, 35, 6366, 418, 15, 4392, 2277, 3299, 1139, 13, 38175, 904, 7499, 24831, 1410, 611, 15, 4392, 2277, 3299, 1139, 13, 43374, 1400, 4392, 2277, 3299, 1139, 322, 5543, 37118, 13, 1162, 355, 904, 27528, 15, 187, 2302, 15, 7609, 13, 28757, 187, 31177, 2111, 273, 15391, 15, 187, 48, 22104, 4724, 4565, 1249, 13, 22824, 15, 187, 27515, 411, 15, 13105, 40590, 13, 273, 3506, 300, 1751, 13, 9125, 253, 2847, 285, 12294, 584, 329, 15, 18056, 610, 13, 273, 6470, 1758, 13, 369, 342, 779, 327, 253, 32852, 323, 253, 21142, 15, 187, 2347, 472, 411, 15, 22663, 13, 273, 500, 4346, 3228, 13, 9125, 253, 2847, 13, 285, 8652, 23972, 67, 4584, 13, 7252, 399, 15, 39159, 285, 7727, 401, 15, 34184, 13, 512, 273, 500, 4346, 3228, 13, 497, 342, 779, 327, 253, 32852, 323, 253, 21113, 15, 187, 510, 4743, 273, 253, 1302, 369, 8549, 407, 187, 43, 8100, 8301, 13, 500, 12567, 187, 510, 5986, 273, 10286, 4724, 4176, 275, 253, 3286, 1302, 281, 7107, 4060, 281, 1524, 8304, 1411, 253, 21142, 347, 7159, 15, 2732, 12108, 247, 3200, 281, 9974, 285, 247, 3200, 281, 1056, 253, 5266, 475, 23, 1797, 625, 19040, 285, 253, 17797, 16292, 273, 753, 14462, 407, 253, 2332, 1302, 13, 7159, 4724, 247, 1471, 321, 6554, 281, 3482, 434, 5266, 2220, 253, 9905, 27, 337, 15, 2064, 2067, 5997, 273, 2250, 497, 28203, 7416, 275, 753, 5266, 15, 374, 15, 2064, 253, 5266, 858, 417, 1375, 5441, 4209, 281, 12647, 247, 2847, 273, 2250, 15, 187, 510, 2332, 1302, 34310, 253, 1471, 321, 6554, 285, 3534, 7159, 673, 281, 3662, 15, 7820, 13, 7159, 20652, 253, 1340, 273, 253, 1302, 17797, 16292, 253, 1471, 321, 6554, 281, 436, 1302, 15, 733, 778, 320, 753, 326, 7159, 513, 417, 9059, 275, 616, 4864, 253, 1840, 14462, 390, 326, 627, 310, 667, 15785, 275, 253, 806, 3216, 7616, 275, 253, 1840, 1471, 321, 6554, 15, 380, 7934, 1953, 1024, 1078, 253, 1302, 310, 1880, 253, 5266, 4767, 247, 2847, 273, 2250, 15, 187, 510, 5986, 273, 10286, 275, 697, 5266, 5575, 326, 352, 369, 253, 7302, 273, 253, 2529, 1524, 8304, 275, 47185, 9635, 275, 9801, 2969, 285, 369, 275, 10023, 10445, 28, 326, 352, 574, 644, 275, 1527, 285, 10021, 10023, 273, 253, 1524, 8304, 323, 625, 685, 15342, 1107, 762, 285, 407, 16968, 273, 247, 22793, 15483, 4565, 1903, 13, 37400, 13, 432, 21804, 418, 15, 16647, 285, 47320, 353, 15, 16647, 13, 840, 5938, 285, 4475, 15, 187, 34, 3491, 273, 253, 22793, 369, 7660, 281, 253, 5266, 347, 271, 10738, 13, 285, 352, 310, 2011, 326, 253, 18028, 13604, 10445, 9563, 275, 629, 347, 3637, 27, 187, 3, 3074, 273, 15204, 11057, 13728, 313, 740, 10, 275, 16647, 434, 6528, 281, 253, 3228, 273, 388, 2158, 1299, 13, 281, 320, 13598, 285, 908, 407, 753, 3128, 273, 253, 1273, 629, 697, 2323, 641, 285, 39360, 13, 323, 1345, 6629, 347, 2530, 407, 253, 5323, 273, 253, 2418, 273, 15391, 1024, 275, 3490, 390, 38492, 281, 320, 23552, 13, 285, 323, 642, 643, 4096, 449, 187, 510, 5266, 273, 253, 5986, 273, 10286, 4428, 253, 1563, 26215, 12494, 17691, 253, 15851, 27, 187, 3, 510, 1840, 4907, 7159, 13, 285, 1016, 273, 731, 13, 1750, 690, 4060, 13, 8304, 390, 1600, 275, 390, 23480, 2220, 253, 1524, 8304, 1840, 2529, 13, 10021, 281, 253, 3482, 13, 253, 3242, 3753, 273, 534, 1750, 310, 7202, 281, 253, 3482, 13, 533, 5293, 273, 253, 753, 7159, 452, 667, 4060, 13, 8304, 390, 1600, 275, 253, 753, 1524, 8304, 13, 390, 23480, 30134, 13, 285, 753, 3916, 403, 2991, 285, 21105, 18134, 285, 19394, 281, 253, 4060, 285, 987, 273, 10023, 273, 253, 3482, 281, 753, 1524, 8304, 285, 12647, 247, 9005, 2220, 3482, 434, 4060, 449, 187, 19799, 253, 5909, 33295, 273, 253, 4864, 273, 253, 21142, 275, 436, 1302, 13, 359, 1089, 253, 1563, 27, 187, 3, 510, 4116, 273, 253, 1302, 310, 3340, 12470, 281, 253, 958, 326, 253, 760, 4676, 281, 436, 4176, 403, 253, 4098, 1796, 285, 253, 46834, 273, 253, 4098, 263, 273, 253, 22793, 281, 320, 21323, 13, 285, 326, 253, 4098, 1796, 14993, 281, 7107, 4060, 323, 512, 6378, 1411, 697, 4098, 263, 449, 187, 510, 1077, 8943, 7596, 342, 253, 1840, 3908, 387, 253, 1077, 35681, 310, 326, 841, 5441, 513, 417, 3176, 327, 253, 2454, 273, 253, 5266, 15, 3900, 841, 1471, 321, 804, 7159, 403, 4907, 275, 253, 5266, 13, 6747, 475, 50142, 616, 6489, 4543, 667, 987, 390, 1750, 273, 4060, 15823, 281, 731, 310, 10557, 275, 253, 5266, 15, 7820, 13, 253, 5266, 275, 1055, 12325, 326, 7159, 3662, 285, 873, 598, 667, 1750, 273, 4060, 534, 597, 778, 452, 281, 253, 1524, 8304, 275, 1953, 15, 187, 4041, 273, 253, 17172, 285, 1682, 11371, 4803, 273, 26412, 310, 326, 247, 1471, 321, 6554, 588, 3986, 760, 5441, 534, 3176, 275, 253, 26412, 1471, 15064, 281, 15, 1310, 2176, 5441, 403, 3309, 323, 253, 1302, 281, 1908, 275, 8136, 2220, 247, 1953, 273, 1569, 285, 403, 417, 6221, 275, 253, 5266, 13, 247, 3257, 1364, 3662, 285, 24522, 253, 21452, 285, 3309, 5441, 15, 831, 4086, 369, 1805, 7192, 4931, 13, 390, 387, 1878, 369, 6005, 9932, 342, 625, 5434, 281, 253, 3128, 1471, 321, 804, 1078, 253, 41519, 273, 253, 10067, 273, 253, 5079, 2127, 6941, 3257, 281, 19494, 689, 846, 253, 17797, 16292, 273, 247, 1471, 321, 6554, 281, 253, 5266, 15, 9110, 13, 1014, 275, 4980, 3946, 13, 2853, 14, 324, 13337, 1471, 321, 22895, 8138, 673, 273, 253, 4676, 285, 253, 7829, 13, 285, 2572, 253, 2105, 273, 15561, 15, 187, 4041, 273, 253, 806, 2219, 275, 534, 436, 1302, 5469, 253, 4086, 326, 247, 1471, 321, 6554, 4925, 760, 253, 5441, 15602, 327, 253, 2454, 273, 253, 5266, 4620, 281, 452, 644, 2552, 12840, 362, 15, 49813, 13, 337, 20626, 15, 12472, 15, 380, 1072, 8063, 556, 644, 43269, 1142, 2069, 1580, 253, 2552, 12840, 1083, 15, 329, 1643, 273, 253, 1996, 2219, 778, 320, 5393, 27, 411, 2050, 1001, 10079, 2434, 15, 362, 15, 2398, 261, 13, 1903, 20626, 15, 12842, 28, 3729, 18991, 362, 15, 42650, 13, 7251, 20626, 15, 818, 2090, 13, 5571, 9620, 15, 854, 2787, 28, 45214, 2434, 15, 362, 15, 6018, 777, 2205, 13, 10484, 20626, 15, 818, 4148, 13, 5091, 9620, 15, 818, 3593, 28, 28160, 504, 362, 15, 27738, 13, 11487, 20626, 15, 35597, 13, 13278, 9620, 15, 818, 4196, 28, 416, 4462, 1241, 362, 15, 27438, 18730, 708, 2434, 904, 19939, 20626, 15, 608, 3677, 13, 23627, 367, 15, 19, 69, 608, 3677, 28, 8652, 362, 15, 2325, 13077, 293, 13, 18672, 20626, 15, 8255, 13, 26879, 367, 15, 19, 69, 721, 4529, 28, 32064, 455, 362, 15, 49867, 13, 24232, 20626, 15, 43138, 13, 33790, 367, 15, 19, 69, 884, 2055, 28, 13051, 330, 4046, 2434, 15, 362, 15, 15391, 11748, 37333, 17907, 13, 12660, 20626, 15, 818, 2537, 13, 31499, 367, 15, 19, 69, 24347, 28, 34636, 81, 365, 362, 15 ]	listfor selected value to controller on selected item changed Trying to pass the selected value which is studentid in this case to BeginForm. View @using (Html.BeginForm("DDSubmit", "Home",new { id=Model.studentID}, FormMethod.Post)) { @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.studentID, Model.DDList, "Please Select",new { onchange = "this.form.submit();" }) } Controller Action public ActionResult DDSubmit(int id) { var info = (from r in entity.STUDENTS where r.Student_Id == id select r).ToList(); return View(info); } Model public class DDModel { public List<SelectListItem> DDList { get; set; } public int studentID { get; set; } public string studentName { get; set; } } A: finally figured out View @using (Html.BeginForm("DDSubmit", "Home", FormMethod.Post)) { @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.studentID, Model.DDList, "Please Select",new { onchange = "this.form.submit();" }) } Action public ActionResult DDSubmit(DDModel ddlist) { int id = ddlist.studentID; var info = (from r in entity.STUDENTS where r.Student_Id == id select r).ToList(); return View(info); } Q: How to write the following regex in Flex? I'm trying to define a rule in flex that will capture a "multiline string". A multiline string is a string that starts with three apostrophes: ''', ends with three apostrophes, and can span over multiple lines. For example: '''This is an example of a multiline string''' So my attempt at this was this: %{ #include<iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; %} MULTI_LN_STR '''(.\|\n)''' %% {MULTI_LN_STR} {cout<<"GotIt!";} %% int main(int argc, char argv[]) { yyin=fopen("test.txt", "r"); if (!yyin) { cout<<"yyin is NULL"<<endl; return 1; } yylex(); return 0; } Which works for the input: '''This is a multi line string!''' This is some random text The output is: GotIt! This is some random text but does not work (or, to be more accurate, produces wrong output) for this input: '''This is a multi line string!''' This is some random text '''and this is another multiline string''' Which produces: GotIt! This reason is because my rule says: "scan for three apostrophes, followed by any possible character, followed by three apostrophes", but rather, it should say: "scan for three apostrophes, followed by any possible character except three apostrophes, followed by three apostrophes". How can I do that? A: For a simple negation like this, it is relatively easy to construct a regular expression: "'''"([^']\|'[^']\|''[^'])"'''" 185 Kan. 620 (1959) 347 P.2d 369 THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE CITY OF HERINGTON OF THE STATE OF KANSAS, Appellee, v. BERT L. THOMPSON, JR., FRANCES K. THOMPSON, HELEN THOMPSON SANDERSON, et al., Appellants. No. 41,479 Supreme Court of Kansas. Opinion filed December 12, 1959. Charles W. Bradshaw, of Abilene, argued the cause and Horace A. Santry, of Salina, was with him on the briefs for the appellants. Howard W. Harper, of Junction City, argued the cause, and Lee Hornbaker, William D. Clement and Richard F. Waters, all of Junction City, were with him on the briefs for the appellee. The opinion of the court was delivered by JACKSON, J.: The Board of Education filed suit in the district court to quiet title to real estate against the appellants as defendants. After filing a motion to strike and a motion to make the petition 621 more definite and the overruling of said motions by the trial court, defendants filed a demurrer to plaintiff's petition upon the grounds: 1. That several causes of action were improperly joined in said petition. 2. That the petition did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. The trial court overruled the demurrer and gave defendants time to answer. Instead, defendants appealed the order of the court overruling the demurrer to this court. It may be said that defendants do not argue in their brief the above motions or that there is any merit in the first ground specified in the above demurrer. The sole question now before the court is whether the petition stated a cause of action. The Board of Education in its petition alleged that it was the owner of the described real estate in Dickinson county in fee simple and was in possession thereof; that it had been in open and adverse possession of the real estate for more than fifteen years under and by virtue of a deed dated December 11, 1905, from Bert L. Thompson and Edith M. Thompson, then husband and wife. A copy of the deed was attached to the petition as an exhibit, and it is shown that the granting clause thereof reads in part as follows: "All of Block Number Ten (10) in Thompson's Addition to the City of Herington, to be occupied and used by said party of the second part its successors and assigns, for public schools as provided by the laws of the State of Kansas now in force or hereafter to be enacted, and for no other purpose." The petition of the Board of Education contains the following concluding paragraph preceding the prayer: "The above named defendants, and each of them, claim some title, estate or interest in or lien upon the real estate above described, adverse to the plaintiff, the exact nature of which claim is unknown to the plaintiff, but none of the said defendants have any title, estate or interest in the said real estate, or lien thereon, and said claims are void and wholly inferior and junior to the title and right of possession of the plaintiff to said real estate and constitute a cloud upon plaintiff's title." Among the opening paragraphs of the brief of the appellants in this court, we find the following: "The attention of the court is especially invited to the fact that the only parties to this suit are the grantee and the heirs of the grantor of the deed to be construed, and that the grantee seeks to quiet title for all purposes against its grantor." The very evident trouble with the above statement at the very outset is that these facts do not appear on the face of the petition. While these demurring defendants are named in the petition, neither *622 their identity nor any right or claim of title belonging to them is disclosed in the petition. Instead, the petition in effect asks that defendants answer and set up any claim of title which they may have to the real estate in question. One of the oldest and best settled rules of pleading is that a demurrer will reach only facts which appear in the pleading demurred to. If certain facts are necessary for the court to consider in passing upon a question of law and are not contained in the petition, a defendant must answer and allege the pertinent and necessary facts. This rule was better understood perhaps, or at least was fraught with more danger to the party demurring before the enactment of the provisions of the civil code allowing defendant to plead over after the overruling of a demurrer to the petition. Yet, even in modern practice, ill-advised demurrers waste time of the parties and the courts, and increase the cost of litigation. One of the first cases in which this court discussed the rule that a demurrer reached only the facts appearing on the face of the petition appears to have been Mayberry v. Kelley, 1 Kan. 116. The same principle has been reiterated many times since the Mayberry case. A few of the later cases may be mentioned: Winfield Town Co. v. Maris, 11 Kan. 128; Northrup v. Willis, 65 Kan. 769, 70 Pac. 879; Manufacturing Co. v. Keckley, 77 Kan. 797, 90 Pac. 781; Riverside v. Bailey, 82 Kan. 429, 108 Pac. 796; Runnels v. Montgomery Ward & Co., 165 Kan. 571, 195 P.2d 571; Lee v. Beuttel, 170 Kan. 54, 223 P.2d 692; Kendall v. Elliot, 177 Kan. 630, 281 P.2d 1088; Anderson Cattle Co. v. Kansas Turnpike Authority, 180 Kan. 749, 308 P.2d 172; Kleppe v.
[ 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 4149, 60, 5025, 62, 426, 18116, 17, 5618, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 6048, 81, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 34948, 20027, 3857, 996, 50273, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 10, 2785, 996, 50274, 9, 81, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 39823, 64, 34948, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 34948, 20027, 3857, 996, 50273, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 23335, 10, 2785, 996, 50274, 9, 81, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 39823, 64, 34948, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 34948, 20027, 3857, 996, 50273, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 26980, 1228, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 22872, 10127, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 10810, 33476, 11477, 3857, 996, 50274, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 10, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 468, 35407, 64, 4251, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 1542, 313, 74, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 8692, 1168, 14774, 64, 6370, 28, 891, 9234, 551, 996, 186, 3373, 426, 1735, 64, 8873, 9, 8340, 13, 44296, 13, 13322, 9, 8531, 1237, 64, 85, 10, 475, 374, 558, 996, 186, 338, 313, 3373, 654, 470, 10, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 79, 13374, 426, 458, 1237, 64, 936, 64, 19411, 9, 8340, 60, 17, 9259, 996, 186, 8101, 426, 458, 1237, 64, 936, 64, 19411, 9, 8340, 60, 18, 9259, 996, 186, 338, 313, 8101, 3857, 2195, 79, 13374, 10, 551, 988, 186, 8015, 9, 16983, 1168, 13393, 13, 346, 328, 9127, 4957, 275, 9484, 2829, 342, 642, 9484, 3287, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 1542, 313, 75, 426, 470, 28, 480, 654, 26644, 28, 480, 9234, 551, 988, 186, 338, 313, 1088, 64, 71, 60, 74, 62, 313, 81, 13, 268, 1168, 14774, 8476, 60, 74, 1570, 2420, 13, 44296, 1228, 2657, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 6886, 186, 81, 1168, 14774, 8476, 60, 74, 1570, 79, 13374, 426, 295, 13374, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 10, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 580, 8476, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 442, 64, 580, 8476, 13, 44296, 13, 391, 64, 22872, 735, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 83, 64, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 30529, 10, 988, 186, 338, 313, 1038, 64, 1088, 64, 3550, 9, 81, 13, 708, 81, 1168, 1038, 64, 3550, 13, 44296, 1228, 2657, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 14337, 64, 3675, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 14337, 64, 8912, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 14337, 64, 8912, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 83, 64, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 13690, 9536, 64, 3125, 19038, 3857, 988, 50274, 17479, 64, 3675, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 2010, 551, 996, 186, 3122, 806, 1239, 253, 14148, 4086, 8336, 13, 840, 253, 7990, 7180, 1738, 996, 186, 580, 15093, 64, 6172, 64, 26316, 9, 81, 1168, 14456, 558, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 14456, 426, 5812, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 580, 15093, 64, 6172, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 708, 81, 1168, 14456, 13, 8692, 1168, 14774, 64, 6370, 13, 44296, 10, 2295, 428, 18, 10, 551, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 14456, 2295, 5812, 10, 551, 988, 186, 8015, 9, 16983, 1168, 13393, 13, 346, 2369, 1323, 15093, 2972, 275, 3646, 3287, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 1542, 313, 74, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 8692, 1168, 14774, 64, 6370, 28, 891, 9234, 551, 988, 186, 338, 6048, 3373, 426, 1735, 64, 8873, 9, 8340, 13, 44296, 13, 13322, 9, 8531, 1237, 64, 85, 10689, 654, 470, 10, 551, 2657, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 988, 186, 94, 988, 186, 8101, 426, 458, 1237, 64, 936, 64, 19411, 9, 8340, 60, 17, 9259, 988, 186, 1542, 313, 75, 426, 470, 28, 480, 654, 26644, 28, 480, 9234, 551, 2657, 186, 338, 313, 14329, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 891, 13, 44296, 1228, 2664, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 988, 186, 94, 996, 186, 94, 535, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 5470, 64, 4663, 64, 16366, 84, 9, 16983, 1168, 13393, 13, 268, 1228, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 5470, 64, 4663, 64, 19770, 9, 81, 1228, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 5470, 64, 4663, 64, 39658, 9, 16983, 1168, 13393, 13, 268, 13, 48656, 1228, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 16033, 1156, 64, 1088, 9, 5374, 13, 268, 13, 44296, 10, 2295, 428, 18, 10, 551, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 1541, 3671, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 44296, 10, 2295, 428, 18, 10, 551, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 6048, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 996, 50273, 10494, 268, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 4132, 52, 10, 996, 50274, 9473, 313, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 23335, 996, 186, 10494, 268, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 39823, 64, 34948, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 4132, 52, 996, 186, 10494, 268, 1168, 22872, 735, 654, 39823, 64, 34948, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 51, 1539, 9278, 51, 19038, 1228, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 6324, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 44296, 1228, 551, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 10, 551, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 426, 46138, 9, 81, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 475, 13322, 9, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 85, 4027, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 426, 46138, 9, 81, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 475, 13322, 9, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 85, 4027, 996, 186, 338, 6522, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 2785, 2195, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 10, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 1542, 313, 74, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 268, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 28, 891, 9234, 551, 988, 186, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 4478, 6395, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 9259, 988, 186, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 4478, 6395, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 9259, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 1542, 313, 74, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 268, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 28, 891, 9234, 551, 988, 186, 338, 313, 83, 64, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 5851, 47015, 10, 551, 2657, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 1092, 44296, 1228, 2664, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 2657, 186, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1542, 64, 14382, 64, 2713, 6395, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 1092, 9220, 50273, 85, 6219, 13, 480, 10, 551, 2664, 186, 338, 6522, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 6219, 64, 788, 64, 2713, 9, 85, 6219, 13, 480, 10, 7308, 50274, 9473, 891, 2295, 480, 10, 7308, 186, 25674, 28, 39900, 186, 338, 313, 75, 10122, 268, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 10, 7308, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 39900, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1178, 64, 2713, 7308, 50274, 6395, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 60, 75, 1092, 891, 13, 337, 1228, 7308, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 2657, 186, 94, 988, 186, 94, 988, 186, 3122, 823, 253, 1511, 3139, 347, 253, 29458, 1083, 1738, 988, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1178, 64, 2713, 6395, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 1092, 891, 13, 337, 1228, 2657, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 988, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 60, 74, 62, 3857, 268, 1168, 881, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 60, 74, 33094, 1258, 15100, 3613, 39024, 64, 21840, 5472, 10, 551, 2657, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1178, 64, 2713, 6395, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 1092, 891, 13, 337, 1228, 2664, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 988, 186, 94, 996, 186, 94, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 2309, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 34866, 28, 187, 50272, 14367, 27, 187, 186, 2309, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 12641, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 565, 3646, 5470, 64, 250, 4663, 64, 15987, 9, 22872, 5470, 64, 85, 475, 268, 10, 187, 92, 187, 186, 10790, 540, 891, 426, 19058, 46, 64, 3016, 6117, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 4537, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 10, 996, 186, 4924, 9, 81, 1168, 4537, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 558, 187, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 14774, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 1590, 60, 74, 3291, 996, 186, 4924, 9, 81, 1168, 14774, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 1590, 60, 74, 9259, 535, 186, 81, 1168, 4537, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 426, 313, 4537, 64, 8608, 360, 64, 85, 1401, 10, 996, 50274, 4065, 406, 9, 81, 1168, 81, 64, 15987, 15, 79, 13374, 13, 13322, 9, 4537, 64, 8608, 360, 64, 85, 475, 4027, 187, 186, 338, 6522, 81, 1168, 4537, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 10, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 81, 1168, 14774, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 1590, 60, 74, 62, 426, 313, 3615, 1401, 10, 996, 50274, 4065, 406, 9, 81, 1168, 14774, 8476, 60, 74, 1570, 79, 13374, 13, 13322, 9, 3615, 475, 4027, 187, 186, 338, 6522, 81, 1168, 14774, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 1590, 60, 74, 3291, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 7110, 384, 357, 64, 4251, 9, 81, 1168, 14774, 8476, 60, 74, 1570, 2420, 13, 3605, 64, 71, 60, 74, 1092, 268, 1228, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 3122, 17702, 395, 2608, 9503, 323, 3634, 13091, 12669, 1738, 187, 186, 338, 313, 7110, 384, 357, 64, 4251, 9, 81, 1168, 81, 64, 15987, 15, 2420, 13, 3646, 5470, 64, 4537, 64, 12985, 13, 268, 1228, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 2309, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4353, 3646, 64, 3140, 64, 4478, 9, 22872, 64, 3140, 64, 85, 475, 18569, 10, 187, 92, 187, 186, 6441, 1178, 9, 18569, 13, 470, 13, 13322, 9, 22872, 64, 3140, 64, 85, 4027, 187, 94, 187, 187, 565, 3646, 5470, 64, 1178, 64, 7831, 64, 19161, 9, 22872, 5470, 64, 85, 475, 81, 13, 540, 5147, 10, 187, 92, 187, 186, 338, 313, 19161, 2295, 6725, 34948, 64, 31613, 64, 27300, 1042, 21466, 10, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 7831, 64, 19161, 426, 6725, 34948, 64, 31613, 64, 27300, 1042, 21466, 28, 187, 186, 7271, 604, 313, 19161, 2295, 6725, 34948, 64, 31613, 64, 57, 1400, 10, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 7831, 64, 19161, 426, 6725, 34948, 64, 31613, 64, 57, 1400, 28, 187, 186, 7271, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 2309, 470, 28, 187, 94, 535, 14214, 187, 7770, 187, 187, 49749, 42563, 330, 6581, 313, 41, 8887, 10, 310, 247, 3558, 273, 253, 2884, 580, 43365, 15203, 2021, 285, 310, 247, 2014, 14, 40121, 2762, 14, 33829, 5771, 15, 733, 12741, 84, 5512, 495, 6, 273, 253, 11762, 3072, 1008, 35, 18, 1092, 1008, 35, 19, 1570, 22899, 476, 2847, 7928, 285, 6722, 21366, 13, 285, 1421, 281, 19990, 13, 36716, 285, 43727, 12382, 1008, 35, 20, 1570, 4129, 1199, 4780, 556, 644, 1160, 275, 6684, 4122 ]	goto bad; } p->version[len] = '\0'; } if ((p->policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_POLCAP && p->policy_type == POLICY_KERN) \|\| (p->policyvers >= MOD_POLICYDB_VERSION_POLCAP && p->policy_type == POLICY_BASE) \|\| (p->policyvers >= MOD_POLICYDB_VERSION_POLCAP && p->policy_type == POLICY_MOD)) { if (ebitmap_read(&p->policycaps, fp)) goto bad; } if (p->policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_PERMISSIVE && p->policy_type == POLICY_KERN) { if (ebitmap_read(&p->permissive_map, fp)) goto bad; } for (i = 0; i < info->sym_num; i++) { rc = next_entry(buf, fp, sizeof(uint32_t) * 2); if (rc < 0) goto bad; nprim = le32_to_cpu(buf[0]); nel = le32_to_cpu(buf[1]); if (nel && !nprim) { ERR(fp->handle, "unexpected items in symbol table with no symbol"); goto bad; } for (j = 0; j < nel; j++) { if (read_f[i] (p, p->symtab[i].table, fp)) goto bad; } p->symtab[i].nprim = nprim; } if (policy_type == POLICY_KERN) { if (avtab_read(&p->te_avtab, fp, r_policyvers)) goto bad; if (r_policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_BOOL) if (cond_read_list(p, &p->cond_list, fp)) goto bad; if (role_trans_read(p, fp)) goto bad; if (role_allow_read(&p->role_allow, fp)) goto bad; if (r_policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_FILENAME_TRANS && filename_trans_read(p, fp)) goto bad; } else { /* first read the AV rule blocks, then the scope tables / avrule_block_destroy(p->global); p->global = NULL; if (avrule_block_read(p, &p->global, info->sym_num, fp) == -1) { goto bad; } if (p->global == NULL) { ERR(fp->handle, "no avrule block in policy"); goto bad; } for (i = 0; i < info->sym_num; i++) { if ((rc = next_entry(buf, fp, sizeof(uint32_t))) < 0) { goto bad; } nel = le32_to_cpu(buf[0]); for (j = 0; j < nel; j++) { if (scope_read(p, i, fp)) goto bad; } } } if (policydb_index_decls(fp->handle, p)) goto bad; if (policydb_index_classes(p)) goto bad; if (policydb_index_others(fp->handle, p, verbose)) goto bad; if (ocontext_read(info, p, fp) == -1) { goto bad; } if (genfs_read(p, fp) == -1) { goto bad; } if ((p->policy_type == POLICY_KERN && p->policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_MLS) \|\| (p->policy_type == POLICY_BASE && p->policyvers >= MOD_POLICYDB_VERSION_MLS && p->policyvers < MOD_POLICYDB_VERSION_RANGETRANS)) { if (range_read(p, fp)) { goto bad; } } if (policy_type == POLICY_KERN) { p->type_attr_map = malloc(p->p_types.nprim sizeof(ebitmap_t)); p->attr_type_map = malloc(p->p_types.nprim * sizeof(ebitmap_t)); if (!p->type_attr_map \|\| !p->attr_type_map) goto bad; for (i = 0; i < p->p_types.nprim; i++) { ebitmap_init(&p->type_attr_map[i]); ebitmap_init(&p->attr_type_map[i]); } for (i = 0; i < p->p_types.nprim; i++) { if (r_policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_AVTAB) { if (ebitmap_read(&p->type_attr_map[i], fp)) goto bad; ebitmap_for_each_bit(&p->type_attr_map[i], tnode, j) { if (!ebitmap_node_get_bit(tnode, j) \|\| i == j) continue; if (j >= p->p_types.nprim) goto bad; if (ebitmap_set_bit (&p->attr_type_map[j], i, 1)) goto bad; } } /* add the type itself as the degenerate case / if (ebitmap_set_bit(&p->type_attr_map[i], i, 1)) goto bad; if (p->type_val_to_struct[i] && p->type_val_to_struct[i]->flavor != TYPE_ATTRIB) { if (ebitmap_set_bit(&p->attr_type_map[i], i, 1)) goto bad; } } } return POLICYDB_SUCCESS; bad: return POLICYDB_ERROR; } int policydb_reindex_users(policydb_t p) { unsigned int i = SYM_USERS; if (p->user_val_to_struct) free(p->user_val_to_struct); if (p->sym_val_to_name[i]) free(p->sym_val_to_name[i]); p->user_val_to_struct = (user_datum_t *) calloc(p->p_users.nprim, sizeof(user_datum_t )); if (!p->user_val_to_struct) return -1; p->sym_val_to_name[i] = (char *) calloc(p->symtab[i].nprim, sizeof(char )); if (!p->sym_val_to_name[i]) return -1; if (hashtab_map(p->symtab[i].table, index_f[i], p)) return -1; /* Expand user roles for context validity checking / if (hashtab_map(p->p_users.table, policydb_user_cache, p)) return -1; return 0; } void policy_file_init(policy_file_t pf) { memset(pf, 0, sizeof(policy_file_t)); } int policydb_set_target_platform(policydb_t *p, int platform) { if (platform == SEPOL_TARGET_SELINUX) p->target_platform = SEPOL_TARGET_SELINUX; else if (platform == SEPOL_TARGET_XEN) p->target_platform = SEPOL_TARGET_XEN; else return -1; return 0; } Introduction ============ Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family and is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA. It infects approximately 3% of the worldwide population [@B1], [@B2]. HCV can cause acute and chronic hepatitis, and lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [@B3]. Although much progress has been made in developing highly
[ 619, 1311, 46, 281, 513, 285, 849, 359, 1871, 751, 352, 281, 1007, 15, 3954, 359, 1472, 4704, 281, 1265, 3652, 253, 2608, 5673, 970, 7060, 40, 16594, 434, 12806, 17671, 285, 5261, 18145, 15, 496, 436, 1501, 13, 359, 1833, 27, 187, 187, 10004, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 12806, 17671, 3058, 281, 10957, 253, 9882, 3497, 715, 4811, 187, 187, 3351, 3018, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 12806, 17671, 187, 187, 5089, 253, 2898, 275, 2440, 4438, 187, 187, 18, 15, 16551, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 12806, 17671, 187, 187, 6407, 13, 1379, 247, 1007, 387, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 10684, 5045, 285, 253, 3510, 273, 5261, 18145, 326, 368, 476, 897, 281, 8722, 12806, 15, 831, 310, 19890, 281, 23157, 562, 634, 4384, 3239, 275, 11685, 970, 20494, 2017, 3603, 390, 7180, 15, 1198, 619, 1311, 46, 13, 359, 1833, 897, 247, 5019, 273, 20494, 11593, 285, 9118, 12806, 17671, 15, 187, 187, 30382, 40, 16594, 4648, 247, 4284, 10014, 1925, 346, 15886, 10344, 18707, 995, 1996, 327, 359, 1833, 1007, 387, 849, 281, 1818, 253, 4284, 10014, 285, 849, 281, 10007, 253, 7286, 273, 5261, 18145, 970, 16710, 15, 187, 187, 19, 15, 3173, 3018, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 12806, 17671, 187, 187, 688, 253, 2170, 387, 253, 1755, 273, 253, 9882, 3497, 359, 1849, 4425, 281, 1659, 247, 20971, 2522, 15, 329, 20971, 2522, 310, 835, 368, 1659, 1774, 1491, 13, 751, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2898, 285, 247, 18479, 15, 5595, 273, 253, 12693, 310, 8653, 347, 3517, 347, 619, 1311, 46, 7866, 598, 594, 323, 1024, 359, 1833, 3359, 776, 5261, 18145, 275, 253, 327, 13570, 9624, 1332, 273, 253, 2898, 434, 5857, 1127, 966, 15, 28266, 13, 5080, 898, 13, 4267, 187, 187, 42, 1663, 6468, 626, 644, 275, 247, 38525, 12315, 13, 594, 7016, 352, 434, 644, 7107, 1475, 1060, 15, 36026, 626, 436, 253, 954, 13103, 11173, 32895, 254, 368, 452, 2455, 10090, 634, 2927, 327, 32, 6089, 13, 309, 1158, 352, 310, 285, 309, 9716, 352, 342, 690, 273, 619, 14348, 7942, 9418, 3954, 309, 816, 878, 281, 564, 755, 690, 11173, 323, 352, 15, 733, 588, 1056, 479, 5211, 1046, 673, 309, 878, 690, 11173, 1024, 15, 187, 187, 42, 574, 247, 5322, 8849, 13, 32252, 434, 13541, 2335, 441, 281, 11157, 387, 253, 40193, 18733, 323, 619, 14348, 13, 340, 14661, 15, 309, 22269, 598, 619, 1390, 921, 273, 253, 2129, 313, 88, 319, 309, 369, 10000, 342, 2722, 481, 2752, 1984, 309, 574, 6960, 323, 619, 14348, 2210, 275, 253, 8888, 11066, 15, 831, 369, 26702, 20295, 13, 32252, 369, 1728, 432, 789, 1078, 253, 6838, 285, 309, 497, 1728, 432, 3515, 690, 1486, 2287, 13, 285, 253, 5522, 342, 619, 1984, 369, 7063, 327, 253, 3369, 10539, 15, 32252, 26282, 285, 5485, 352, 285, 15312, 253, 1984, 598, 1078, 309, 1694, 1728, 13, 309, 476, 816, 8564, 779, 7362, 17461, 281, 24284, 285, 16384, 352, 13, 359, 1904, 626, 755, 1728, 1048, 846, 344, 858, 9418, 1244, 309, 6960, 436, 44256, 3113, 690, 14348, 7942, 15, 187, 187, 42, 816, 1119, 562, 326, 619, 495, 1682, 1445, 2722, 326, 309, 10078, 275, 403, 1469, 281, 452, 253, 1072, 921, 12282, 323, 7203, 594, 309, 717, 1469, 281, 320, 247, 10000, 3226, 2970, 4704, 281, 513, 1264, 2722, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 13, 352, 588, 320, 247, 806, 15, 309, 452, 2218, 767, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 13, 359, 1833, 923, 849, 1264, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 4566, 9418, 187, 187, 42, 717, 9049, 323, 8216, 13, 309, 717, 1469, 281, 247, 48142, 966, 10256, 407, 14943, 15, 309, 476, 626, 3343, 2, 187, 187, 3546, 602, 391, 1369, 13713, 323, 1024, 13, 309, 3524, 368, 574, 247, 13491, 8849, 13, 285, 452, 247, 1270, 1388, 2, 187, 187, 22, 187, 26122, 27, 187, 187, 5498, 626, 1158, 309, 717, 12504, 533, 387, 806, 1007, 309, 1869, 326, 40096, 369, 247, 41823, 40096, 15, 309, 2565, 6677, 626, 4677, 562, 849, 368, 497, 1469, 281, 439, 1123, 342, 352, 4672, 844, 1817, 309, 871, 15844, 309, 1158, 352, 310, 20295, 1024, 326, 309, 871, 752, 352, 310, 323, 15844, 25897, 13, 2164, 4437, 4059, 187, 187, 510, 14645, 273, 11628, 14884, 187, 187, 17588, 617, 31009, 275, 253, 2360, 13, 14884, 1023, 1105, 454, 457, 84, 25172, 263, 2210, 281, 617, 275, 253, 4131, 273, 2164, 4437, 1458, 1787, 15, 2896, 854, 312, 344, 369, 13828, 281, 25596, 253, 45121, 2247, 273, 9559, 440, 421, 13, 534, 3206, 271, 842, 272, 342, 4166, 285, 369, 1677, 281, 1110, 665, 497, 275, 16102, 35342, 273, 616, 4852, 15, 496, 521, 42766, 760, 247, 2159, 2940, 1977, 275, 41426, 2111, 21632, 13, 1652, 12843, 12824, 1108, 665, 369, 760, 13265, 1897, 1711, 1108, 369, 670, 281, 7168, 521, 3101, 15, 187, 187, 510, 16730, 28668, 3534, 14884, 690, 5956, 15, 14772, 326, 1388, 13, 9011, 2516, 17410, 369, 2104, 281, 1304, 326, 703, 369, 2802, 8826, 5371, 13799, 13, 285, 604, 703, 2802, 9875, 436, 2360, 13, 253, 14975, 320, 275, 1175, 3524, 326, 703, 320, 2469, 5434, 15385, 14884, 457, 84, 31009, 574, 2168, 4783, 327, 323, 824, 247, 1048, 673, 326, 1110, 1475, 617, 812, 417, 923, 849, 703, 812, 3464, 275, 326, 1617, 1108, 703, 574, 281, 2057, 3157, 390, 3150, 15, 187, 187, 6693, 13079, 273, 617, 7355, 497, 23732, 13, 2299, 15, 2058, 854, 2617, 13, 13265, 3038, 846, 703, 2959, 9559, 440, 421, 13, 253, 14913, 273, 37252, 2206, 1066, 275, 521, 9320, 387, 41426, 2111, 281, 3630, 281, 7195, 45010, 4714, 13, 14851, 2802, 42, 12518, 368, 281, 320, 1060, 10873, 2393, 281, 5956, 776, 1175, 6303, 13, 323, 347, 323, 776, 36285, 627, 310, 642, 12177, 273, 617, 1495, 13, 253, 625, 27042, 13, 285, 309, 4709, 703, 3091, 417, 320, 9338, 387, 253, 673, 9094, 3091, 1239, 436, 15385, 37252, 369, 987, 285, 253, 19538, 19347, 16092, 1977, 275, 253, 2360, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2471, 273, 14884, 1023, 1105, 454, 574, 644, 3264, 323, 625, 685, 247, 2129, 533, 13, 347, 703, 23614, 2122, 13, 1110, 1475, 617, 4821, 281, 3524, 326, 703, 1537, 9295, 15, 8966, 29136, 13, 665, 369, 2810, 407, 387, 41426, 2111, 13, 671, 20563, 264, 323, 521, 4475, 13, 3738, 344, 2335, 690, 772, 17888, 275, 253, 5788, 273, 521, 3347, 15, 496, 247, 4857, 13, 3542, 281, 7980, 273, 6181, 275, 2380, 281, 28858, 3339, 327, 12824, 457, 84, 4201, 13, 344, 20503, 326, 2802, 15187, 460, 35258, 556, 43261, 1070, 619, 11010, 342, 253, 44875, 273, 253, 2471, 273, 617, 665, 3982, 479, 436, 15704, 15385, 187, 187, 688, 13889, 387, 253, 2774, 326, 8966, 7636, 617, 253, 954, 13, 14884, 14667, 247, 2714, 1659, 275, 521, 2798, 15, 754, 3534, 617, 247, 17292, 20915, 387, 42835, 285, 13, 275, 673, 13, 2546, 281, 320, 14205, 342, 617, 2994, 15, 380, 4564, 7027, 2366, 3063, 15, 4129, 352, 310, 247, 18109, 21850, 13, 352, 943, 320, 8042, 562, 326, 627, 369, 642, 643, 4475, 326, 8966, 812, 452, 2546, 281, 320, 14205, 342, 15, 754, 5868, 326, 344, 574, 2455, 644, 7028, 281, 23425, 273, 1780, 5154, 13, 17467, 378, 1306, 1362, 285, 17467, 273, 8148, 1634, 13, 1223, 23425, 15197, 2242, 14205, 347, 271, 11407, 50136, 275, 253, 20610, 15, 8966, 457, 84, 1390, 4475, 13, 23425, 2956, 83, 13, 369, 13, 273, 2282, 13, 1335, 9338, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2954, 273, 8966, 29136, 285, 14884, 1023, 1105, 454, 369, 642, 1270, 2389, 18830, 533, 13, 342, 17134, 18347, 13, 352, 2210, 281, 1379, 327, 625, 8453, 323, 253, 6963, 347, 344, 4821, 281, 11089, 1111, 3428, 24755, 11034, 942, 15, 14884, 13, 347, 253, 3101, 273, 521, 3347, 13, 2210, 281, 320, 3261, 2220, 347, 521, 2032, 19538, 1108, 253, 3416, 342, 5207, 344, 9703, 281, 320, 17253, 275, 253, 1270, 13497, 273, 521, 2021, 534, 476, 320, 2326, 387, 41426, 2111, 835, 14884, 4962, 15, 187, 187, 45478, 1023, 1105, 454, 13, 253, 2626, 4475, 273, 8966, 29136, 13, 369, 2624, 745, 387, 253, 2774, 273, 617, 6459, 23991, 13, 13889, 327, 2164, 4437, 1458, 1787, 1078, 703, 574, 1014, 4925, 617, 289, 4580, 74, 678, 14348, 15, 187, 187, 45478, 1023, 1105, 454, 432, 247, 1996, 38683, 1382, 15, 380, 2847, 273, 617, 2471, 428, 617, 6858, 428, 310, 17253, 11834, 253, 5406, 15, 41497, 187, 187, 10572, 3189, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 271, 2488, 285, 24072, 13, 2714, 2182, 327, 253, 1753, 561, 273, 5854, 285, 253, 50005, 263, 2180, 15, 309, 2389, 512, 1841, 9493, 13, 3733, 347, 271, 21101, 10364, 1078, 12797, 281, 9493, 2561, 15, 309, 717, 4390, 8785, 562, 11073, 2561, 387, 4377, 434, 6822, 13, 4693, 15, 309, 452, 3542, 2067, 5098, 13, 1690, 1794, 41400, 273, 1740, 273, 8966, 29136, 434, 26283, 13, 20145, 42224, 4371, 13, 45101, 466, 2071, 702, 285, 380, 378, 1306, 1362, 10168, 15271, 26900, 285, 6537, 2801, 2957, 476, 4796, 5917, 285, 19025, 8670, 10680, 897, 285, 24411, 275, 1363, 342, 16971, 265, 24816, 39708, 2728, 27, 247, 20407, 1263, 15, 187, 34, 4618, 5235, 273, 7437, 273, 1941, 556, 5125, 326, 13833, 310, 2330, 342, 247, 1534, 2572, 275, 253, 2495, 323, 16971, 265, 24816, 39708, 2728, 313, 19622, 37, 10, 5917, 285, 697, 10552, 15, 380, 4388, 273, 436, 1263, 369, 281, 7472, 253, 1055, 273, 2801, 2957, 327, 39708, 5917, 275, 26389, 16, 706, 3248, 1363, 342, 11464, 443, 947, 37, 15, 844, 17692, 26389, 16, 706, 3248, 1363, 342, 6867, 443, 947, 37, 5917, 285, 2827, 375, 422, 1578, 14479, 5895, 15, 2058, 8245, 13, 1363, 13368, 7000, 39708, 5917, 7103, 285, 21698, 7480, 6803, 13, 285, 497, 4272, 715, 767, 1971, 2390, 27, 1387, 329, 2959, 19025, 8670, 10680, 313, 4785, 42, 10, 285, 247, 32339, 3500, 3100, 15937, 6196, 285, 34796, 5763, 28, 285, 1387, 378, 2959, 47140, 285, 247, 686, 15291, 273, 1557, 6196, 5983, 380, 6196, 1999, 1971, 369, 2783, 3576, 604, 387, 1878, 884, 6, 273, 2801, 2957, 369, 6786, 1561, 721, 2607, 15, 1876, 1363, 497, 6760, 275, 2426, 273, 21698, 7480, 941, 13, 443, 947, 37, 5917, 13, 285, 47140, 897, 15, 496, 1387, 329, 13, 1599, 2133, 2280, 3605, 313, 31685, 10, 6137, 432, 1884, 15, 20, 3279, 577, 15, 18, 281, 2030, 15, 24, 3279, 495, 15, 18, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 582, 285, 1599, 2801, 6137, 432, 11487, 15, 18, 3279, 1668, 15, 26, 15841, 281, 10447, 15, 26, 3279, 1638, 15, 21, 15841, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 481, 496, 1387, 378, 13, 627, 369, 642, 1818, 275, 15481, 285, 2801, 15, 40561, 297, 13071, 6137, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 10, 275, 1097, 2390, 1309, 47140, 4918, 13, 533, 247, 2169, 7756, 369, 5950, 275, 1387, 329, 15, 496, 1387, 329, 13, 47140, 4918, 369, 4336, 35985, 275, 3435, 16, 1235, 273, 253, 1363, 13, 285, 7905, 1272, 275, 1668, 16, 1235, 15, 7214, 818, 16, 1235, 4821, 253, 1072, 47140, 24411, 15, 496, 1387, 378, 13, 3307, 16, 3712, 7905, 1272, 253, 4918, 285, 3285, 16, 3712, 8838, 2120, 24411, 273, 4918, 13, 533, 5293, 369, 2104, 281, 16196, 489, 47140, 1955, 281, 247, 19831, 15969, 15, 15699, 13, 2801, 2957, 273, 387, 1878, 884, 6, 310, 8521, 275, 512, 1363, 342, 443, 947, 37, 275, 1340, 281, 9510, 253, 1055, 273, 47140, 327, 39708, 19831, 6619, 285, 281, 4796, 6722, 12358, 897, 15, 48943, 187, 187, 36, 5916, 292, 20898, 27, 32632, 390, 322, 23744, 32, 1310, 368, 457, 250, 2819, 387, 20864, 747, 23656, 387, 634, 1728, 390, 3906, 13, 387, 690, 1127, 368, 457, 620, 320, 11372, 342, 253, 3061, 273, 25818, 23656, 390, 13506, 23656, 15, 6295, 4610, 452, 616, 1211, 5373, 13, 533, 1199, 273, 253, 4327, 588, 18107, 407, 634, 1051, 36, 11177, 1288, 839, 616, 577, 394, 7359, 16488, 342, 495, 1897, 313, 18554, 1722, 394, 13, 1283, 394, 285, 655, 394, 10, 273, 500, 4346, 4437, 42656, 1163, 1583, 8027, 616, 747, 25410, 1503, 4985, 12911, 254, 844, 16886, 4397, 1722, 394, 342, 43447, 6656, 2652, 255, 88, 321, 296, 407, 23392, 708, 743, 27918, 11431, 285, 30149, 10535, 12710, 24907, 91, 1241, 5043, 1249, 5685, 43149, 4193, 398, 1852, 2374, 53, 522, 285, 1852, 2374 ]	myCRM to do and how we'd like it to look. Now we're ready to start building the user interface using smartGWT's layout containers and widgets. In this post, we'll: Select the smartGWT layout containers needed to divide the browser window into regions Implement the smartGWT layout containers Test the application in development mode 1. Select the smartGWT layout containers First, take a look at the smartGWT Showcase and the types of widgets that you can use to manage layout. This is analogous to laying out your web page in HTML using nested div elements or tables. For myCRM, we'll use a combination of nested horizontal and vertical layout containers. smartGWT uses a default theme called "Enterprise Gray", later on we'll look at how to change the default theme and how to modify the appearance of widgets using CSS. 2. Implement the smartGWT layout containers In the area at the top of the browser window we've decided to place a masthead. A masthead is where you place important information, like the name of the application and a logo. Most of the UI is displayed as soon as myCRM starts up so for now we'll implement our widgets in the onModuleLoad method of the application's entry point class.Tuesday, February 9, 2010 I really haven't been in a blogging mood, so sorry it's been quiet around here. Isn't this the most awesome tape dispenser you have ever laid your eyes on? Well, I think it is and I purchased it with some of my birthday cash :) Now I just need to go get some tape for it. It will make me happy every time I need some tape now. I had a nice weekend, Casey's Mom took us to lunch at the Olive Garden for my birthday, yummy. I cleaned up my last show of the week (wow I was busy with shows). My book I had ordered for my birthday came in the mail yesterday. This was kinda cute, Casey was home from work before the girls and I were home from running some errands, and the package with my book was sitting on the doorstep. Casey hurried and opened it and wrapped the book up before I got home, I can just imagine him scrambling to hurry and wrap it, we didn't get home long after he did :) And I ordered this necklacewith some birthday cash. I just found out that my 3 best art shows that I participate in are going to have the same show dates for spring so I am going to be a busy girl getting ready to do three shows at the same time, it will be a first. I have done two at the same time, we'll see how three at the same time goes :) I am excited for Thursday, I am going to a knitting class taught by Kelly. I can't wait! Enough ramblings for now, I hope you had a lovely weekend, and have a great day! 5 comments: Don't think I am weird but at first look I thought that frog was a razor frog. I couln't figure out how you were going to shave with it!! Weird I know!!! I think it is cute now that I know what it is for!!!Friday, 24 October 2014 The Death of Queen Jane Following her sickness in the night, Jane Seymour’s confessor came to her in the morning of 24 October 1537. By 8am he was preparing to administer the sacrament of extreme unction, which involved anointing with oil and was given to those who were in grave peril of their lives. In his nursery only a short walk away in Hampton Court Palace, little Prince Edward – who was only twelve days old – was about to lose his mother. The ceremony evidently gave Jane some comfort. Later that day, Sir John Russell was able to report that she was ‘somewhat amended, and if she ‘scape this night, the physicians be in good hope that she be past danger’. Jane’s sickness had already gone on for such a long time that those around her could not see how she could remain in that condition – she had to either improve or die. Any hopes of her recovery were vain, however. At 8pm, twelve hours after she received extreme unction, the Duke of Norfolk sat down in his chamber at Hampton Court to write to Thomas Cromwell, stating ‘I pray you to be here tomorrow early to comfort our good master, for as for our mistress there is no likelihood of her life, the more pity, and I fear she shall not be alive at the time ye shall read this’. Norfolk was right and the queen slipped quietly away in the night. The death of Jane Seymour had been expected for more than a week but, as she lingered, those around her continued to hope that she might recover. Henry VIII, who was close by at Hampton Court, also grieved for his wife, although he took some consolation in the survival of his son. In a letter, written to Francis of France in response to congratulations on Edward’s birth, he commented that ‘Divine Providence has mingled my joy with the bitterness of the death of her who brought me this happiness’. In dying at the moment that Henry loved her the most, Jane retained a special place in his heart. He gave her a royal funeral at Windsor and, in time, asked to be buried with her himself. The couple lie together today. Although it is a romantic gesture, it should be pointed out that there was no other wife that Henry could have asked to be buried with. He denied that he had ever been married to Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn and Anne of Cleves, while Catherine Howard lay buried as an executed traitor in the Tower. Henry’s last wife, Catherine Parr, was, of course, still alive. The relationship of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour was no great love affair but, with hindsight, it came to take on more significance for the king as he continued to suffer matrimonial disappointments. Jane, as the mother of his son, came to be looked upon as his true queen – the woman with whom he chose to be depicted in the great painting of his family which can be seen at Hampton Court where Jane died. Jane Seymour, the third wife of Henry VIII, was cut off at the moment of her greatest triumph, dying on 24 October 1537 before she had even reached her thirtieth birthday. Jane Seymour from a later engraving. The cause of her death - her baby - is depicted beneath the picture. About Me I'm an author and historian, specialising on the queens of England and the Tudor period. I love all things historical, training as an archaeologist before switching to historical research. I am currently carrying out academic research at King's College, London. I have written several books, including biographies of four of Henry VIII's wives, Margaret Beaufort, Bessie Blount and The Boleyn WomenVoluntary and controlled weight loss can reduce symptoms and proton pump inhibitor use and dosage in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a comparative study. A wide variety of pieces of evidence has suggested that obesity is associated with a significant increase in the risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and its complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of weight loss on reflux symptoms in overweight/obese patients with proven GERD. We enrolled overweight/obese patients with typical GERD symptoms and erosive esophagitis. At baseline, patients underwent detailed reflux symptoms evaluation and anthropometric assessment, and were divided into two treatment groups: group A received proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and a personalized hypocaloric diet and aerobic exercise; and group B received PPI and a 'standard of care diet'. The dietetic treatment was considered effective if at least 10% of weight loss was achieved within 6 months. All patients were evaluated in terms of anthropometric data, GERD symptoms, and PPI use. In group A, mean body mass index (BMI) decreased from 30.3 ± 4.1 to 25.7 ± 3.1 (P < 0.05), and mean weight decreased from 82.1 ± 16.9 kg to 69.9 ± 14.4 kg (P < 0.05). In group B, there was no change in BMI and weight. Symptom perception decreased (P < 0.05) in both groups during PPI therapy, but a higher improvement was recorded in group A. In group A, PPI therapy was completely discontinued in 27/50 of the patients, and halved in 16/50. Only 7/50 continued the same PPI dosage. In group B, 22/51 halved the therapy and 29/51 maintained full dosage of therapy, but none was able to discontinue PPI due to a symptom recurrence. Overall, weight loss of at least 10% is recommended in all patients with GERD in order to boost the effect of PPI on reflux symptom relief and to reduce chronic medication use.Blog Carpet Materials: Wool or Synthetic? If you’re looking at installing new carpet at your home or office, at some point you’ll be faced with the decision of wool carpet or synthetic carpet. Both options have their own benefits, but much of the choice will guided by your...Celebrating their 4th Anniversary with 3 days (Sept 17th, 18th and 19th) of Junction Octoberfest : They launch their new brew ZOO Berliner Weisse September 17th with Bavarian Bratwurst by Crown & Anchor Food and Fresh Handmade Pretzels plus 12 German Festbiers #OnTap and #On
[ 272, 302, 13, 3371, 5741, 23105, 248, 307, 4113, 42336, 267, 5009, 13, 32377, 249, 13, 3645, 2115, 249, 8729, 12910, 9226, 28542, 414, 16750, 13341, 1952, 661, 15959, 15, 427, 44885, 16288, 1479, 5985, 49137, 4530, 261, 43236, 247, 1479, 3230, 266, 26644, 75, 6841, 5210, 40970, 375, 1479, 1832, 1952, 661, 571, 13, 8729, 2343, 377, 307, 335, 536, 8243, 3273, 46848, 26243, 13838, 1392, 1108, 9951, 44859, 15175, 78, 1405, 4927, 261, 40636, 770, 18956, 28542, 414, 22516, 1392, 11737, 1519, 312, 1595, 297, 6077, 45641, 6077, 15, 187, 1992, 885, 22516, 258, 2804, 438, 437, 26307, 8729, 49144, 1392, 4698, 76, 1758, 14, 39483, 9226, 821, 74, 536, 328, 893, 8483, 74, 246, 9608, 413, 6841, 1392, 13, 20463, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 327, 256, 21243, 76, 2381, 36825, 16288, 1135, 46396, 2131, 74, 1392, 29348, 413, 6148, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 249, 278, 2788, 39198, 15, 322, 261, 17366, 314, 12292, 1405, 246, 21243, 6841, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 249, 298, 766, 76, 413, 257, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 642, 75, 18524, 49659, 1208, 6811, 302, 3273, 43236, 591, 8297, 301, 561, 1392, 278, 2788, 4631, 31923, 31051, 12271, 15175, 13460, 324, 770, 10441, 257, 246, 2880, 13511, 257, 49137, 4530, 261, 49245, 17062, 7336, 249, 256, 1944, 24968, 12910, 14302, 12331, 302, 316, 21380, 1282, 739, 1392, 15, 1623, 79, 382, 86, 46848, 49144, 17366, 314, 1440, 18453, 21964, 246, 18453, 6841, 256, 21964, 79, 17685, 44918, 1323, 80, 303, 86, 316, 69, 603, 5751, 74, 37936, 249, 15, 353, 928, 383, 6841, 74, 26243, 249, 945, 33542, 1464, 266, 13, 20463, 49659, 1208, 85, 900, 9226, 298, 1550, 1392, 12271, 1392, 75, 12271, 3273, 43236, 27082, 12198, 437, 1392, 16288, 45846, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 1392, 13, 3371, 14302, 327, 1775, 1164, 2711, 39198, 49144, 1392, 5792, 2381, 13, 1775, 18524, 246, 580, 18524, 15, 367, 301, 18453, 1405, 246, 12271, 1392, 246, 9608, 413, 6841, 1392, 15, 187, 48, 2804, 438, 437, 26307, 8729, 49144, 1392, 4698, 76, 1758, 14, 39483, 9226, 821, 74, 536, 328, 893, 327, 44044, 1392, 22516, 963, 90, 555, 21380, 14899, 5828, 47130, 2259, 250, 5741, 29348, 413, 6156, 266, 2839, 4530, 37364, 328, 15, 473, 2804, 438, 437, 26307, 8729, 49144, 1392, 4698, 76, 1758, 14, 39483, 9226, 821, 74, 536, 4462, 25445, 27082, 90, 555, 22289, 425, 8962, 1519, 293, 10441, 257, 246, 41575, 618, 74, 479, 301, 12271, 30287, 311, 383, 9307, 266, 4927, 29074, 13, 20463, 618, 28233, 261, 46848, 480, 483, 5738, 309, 1719, 27, 79, 31234, 1767, 1392, 2649, 2381, 17685, 4029, 12354, 29348, 413, 87, 25445, 465, 8627, 90, 661, 405, 1392, 2563, 1392, 264, 962, 885, 257, 247, 339, 785, 266, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 30687, 6678, 27082, 1767, 1392, 87, 739, 1392, 425, 8962, 1519, 293, 86, 14302, 15, 308, 44885, 465, 2338, 257, 5914, 1144, 292, 21964, 278, 928, 383, 6841, 74, 295, 1767, 826, 324, 262, 26171, 247, 9623, 81, 1914, 258, 2804, 24339, 1914, 1218, 5309, 262, 3592, 5738, 31051, 1031, 1440, 18453, 36825, 29348, 413, 87, 18524, 256, 21964, 79, 2381, 620, 1392, 13, 8729, 425, 8962, 1519, 293, 86, 284, 358, 312, 1405, 22616, 18889, 247, 9623, 4904, 66, 30287, 11168, 2059, 15, 3189, 23732, 716, 358, 1405, 347, 5946, 288, 1164, 267, 3681, 8765, 74, 13065, 4002, 13, 42845, 4530, 3371, 45079, 14029, 412, 25445, 15, 187, 29456, 33027, 16288, 24524, 571, 266, 258, 5025, 963, 90, 555, 21380, 14899, 246, 21243, 6841, 246, 335, 536, 16564, 8729, 25130, 262, 6841, 2827, 770, 1392, 249, 27029, 2503, 303, 1392, 45994, 1578, 770, 40467, 1392, 76, 311, 1851, 27521, 6451, 8729, 945, 5309, 265, 770, 40467, 2381, 29074, 340, 28993, 39660, 2381, 29045, 15, 209, 187, 44, 31210, 313, 49, 3246, 14, 2573, 13441, 39318, 1108, 1780, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 549, 5711, 8901, 10911, 1538, 49659, 657, 3370, 398, 13, 49659, 8229, 5338, 13, 355, 86, 22516, 281, 442, 266, 13, 20463, 465, 1765, 1479, 249, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 327, 258, 6678, 1218, 1689, 13865, 17183, 652, 86, 6362, 29348, 413, 87, 5781, 45641, 565, 284, 86, 4462, 49311, 785, 66, 13, 8729, 26243, 249, 258, 620, 257, 425, 1125, 85, 47476, 298, 10441, 770, 2902, 266, 8729, 281, 442, 13077, 2902, 266, 49144, 1392, 13401, 1392, 1218, 1689, 13865, 4698, 76, 2610, 5741, 15, 1916, 885, 22516, 7905, 9041, 15779, 1464, 13, 20463, 465, 1765, 1479, 249, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 327, 402, 11317, 618, 580, 307, 316, 30252, 4002, 8729, 30252, 66, 26232, 4415, 340, 28993, 11135, 1392, 12271, 2381, 49357, 3592, 600, 43973, 15, 24688, 1342, 570, 22516, 31804, 4742, 261, 405, 1392, 12910, 351, 1730, 16189, 465, 360, 14611, 28709, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 739, 1392, 327, 12910, 307, 3592, 86, 258, 5025, 2072, 48931, 396, 39402, 10911, 1538, 26535, 251, 79, 21432, 20463, 340, 28993, 36825, 465, 386, 5781, 8729, 11737, 302, 86, 295, 44885, 27029, 248, 2188, 1392, 22516, 30252, 249, 26243, 76, 358, 9207, 1392, 15, 187, 34, 5711, 303, 86, 316, 69, 603, 5751, 74, 400, 36825, 327, 5914, 3371, 15779, 3592, 86, 13, 20463, 10911, 1538, 25685, 5256, 316, 8215, 27, 79, 268, 6592, 859, 300, 28697, 6077, 18889, 87, 1914, 28542, 414, 16750, 5828, 5711, 770, 45205, 17062, 826, 255, 8032, 266, 26644, 75, 6841, 5210, 40970, 375, 1479, 1832, 1952, 661, 571, 327, 295, 1767, 618, 37577, 2963, 261, 49635, 400, 1392, 75, 9608, 75, 14197, 661, 383, 1392, 8729, 247, 18064, 591, 461, 437, 461, 74, 15, 418, 404, 80, 6362, 29348, 413, 13917, 1323, 80, 303, 86, 316, 6156, 255, 303, 24339, 571, 327, 1061, 1136, 3592, 86, 30287, 297, 1595, 580, 41376, 15, 427, 1767, 594, 34490, 26171, 28542, 414, 296, 2880, 13511, 257, 49137, 4530, 261, 358, 8727, 29348, 413, 87, 18524, 7699, 312, 86, 351, 30997, 945, 33542, 1464, 266, 13, 20463, 49659, 1208, 6811, 302, 3273, 43236, 13460, 255, 571, 7005, 571, 28542, 414, 22516, 21964, 49137, 4530, 261, 8895, 266, 12331, 302, 3075, 292, 1316, 66, 12910, 351, 30797, 15, 21894, 255, 24439, 246, 2880, 13511, 257, 1775, 3230, 1479, 4631, 17062, 49137, 4530, 261, 49245, 17062, 327, 2963, 382, 3592, 86, 15, 187, 52, 32187, 13865, 17183, 652, 438, 603, 5751, 74, 400, 36825, 3273, 249, 256, 4692, 66, 247, 2610, 505, 16189, 5303, 13, 20463, 8919, 29197, 258, 620, 307, 963, 90, 555, 21380, 261, 358, 2059, 13, 480, 375, 3435, 575, 435, 1479, 14407, 66, 8919, 13401, 278, 15175, 902, 292, 555, 281, 553, 661, 757, 4160, 246, 782, 4530, 465, 23988, 43579, 480, 375, 480, 1368, 69, 11780, 14, 375, 266, 7584, 575, 76, 1212, 1079, 8919, 13401, 2963, 382, 3592, 86, 15, 1623, 465, 2338, 257, 5914, 246, 9608, 413, 15175, 13, 20463, 278, 2880, 2966, 17685, 1323, 26171, 258, 5616, 1405, 327, 79, 382, 2517, 292, 298, 2381, 1767, 18453, 21964, 465, 503, 4631, 257, 465, 265, 11554, 1914, 2827, 8807, 26307, 30687, 455, 26307, 1162, 328, 1392, 76, 2381, 7381, 384, 1914, 13, 45536, 49144, 1392, 4698, 76, 2610, 5741, 29348, 413, 87, 1914, 1162, 10441, 257, 8729, 23057, 382, 26307, 31023, 42686, 2468, 1405, 42454, 408, 1392, 13, 8729, 31234, 29045, 25130, 262, 6841, 27029, 2503, 303, 1392, 45994, 1578, 770, 40467, 1392, 657, 3370, 398, 74, 1392, 15, 388, 6841, 257, 7897, 74, 493, 16189, 38301, 1405, 1218, 1689, 13865, 4698, 5914, 1238, 257, 27772, 47796, 2827, 770, 1392, 249, 246, 9608, 413, 15175, 821, 6811, 5503, 1108, 714, 73, 8155, 1362, 1767, 23382, 272, 1945, 328, 893, 13, 308, 507, 4530, 8729, 18268, 1502, 74, 1108, 45079, 295, 1767, 278, 2788, 3230, 13, 13460, 1479, 4530, 425, 299, 400, 12271, 355, 328, 43150, 27772, 1595, 1351, 292, 340, 28993, 36825, 465, 386, 5781, 13, 8729, 1616, 76, 1758, 375, 522, 26826, 1059, 3273, 43236, 295, 1767, 1465, 25873, 1362, 85, 15175, 22865, 2503, 5781, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 1392, 15, 209, 187, 47027, 338, 263, 261, 313, 49, 2354, 13441, 39318, 50276, 2906, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 1465, 87, 12271, 30252, 249, 49659, 292, 13, 396, 39402, 1323, 80, 303, 86, 316, 6156, 255, 303, 461, 257, 340, 73, 3354, 1906, 4530, 382, 312, 8727, 20463, 1218, 1689, 13865, 17183, 652, 86, 6362, 29348, 413, 87, 18524, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 408, 1392, 618, 255, 1464, 266, 246, 6841, 21964, 49635, 12271, 40380, 16564, 37080, 413, 66, 5847, 405, 74, 13, 480, 20531, 327, 13460, 5009, 307, 1218, 1689, 13865, 17183, 652, 10441, 257, 7684, 47796, 821, 85, 25183, 31284, 79, 382, 24339, 571, 2827, 414, 48931, 1578, 770, 40467, 1392, 657, 3370, 398, 2878, 1392, 15, 308, 21243, 6841, 347, 571, 266, 632, 38491, 90, 821, 85, 25183, 716, 3696, 13401, 1392, 8729, 877, 74, 770, 30160, 327, 11500, 15604, 13, 546, 39402, 441, 7381, 13, 20463, 5847, 405, 571, 8919, 13401, 618, 37577, 49635, 12271, 40380, 16564, 4164, 1342, 39939, 257, 402, 4462, 255, 834, 66, 1484, 12216, 86, 29662, 266, 15, 4673, 24821, 536, 9245, 7905, 9041, 327, 32202, 5021, 1578, 770, 40467, 15175, 4927, 29074, 13, 20463, 39939, 327, 716, 13107, 1767, 13065, 249, 465, 729, 41376, 246, 2381, 29074, 15, 187, 3251, 13, 20463, 618, 312, 1405, 246, 18453, 6841, 5847, 405, 249, 246, 6841, 21964, 298, 412, 503, 28709, 49635, 12271, 40380, 16564, 13, 4285, 11554, 2887, 30252, 4002, 396, 39402, 5269, 528, 14, 8729, 1218, 3227, 14, 39483, 9226, 821, 74, 536, 328, 2110, 282, 402, 321, 893, 618, 580, 307, 38334, 8729, 258, 601, 770, 5781, 13, 20463, 480, 375, 298, 1550, 15175, 69, 6841, 79, 17685, 1465, 21380, 661, 1105, 14899, 480, 375, 76, 316, 2177, 400, 1392, 296, 12502, 13, 396, 22616, 480, 1368, 563, 30252, 249, 5828, 1440, 2995, 17062, 15, 322, 32187, 13865, 17183, 652, 86, 6362, 29348, 413, 6148, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 249, 1108, 480, 21432, 7905, 86, 4631, 249, 5303, 945, 5309, 265, 770, 40467, 6841, 1392, 268, 6968, 5738, 6502, 78, 6841, 1108, 246, 782, 27521, 24339, 6736, 327, 1045, 11170, 1440, 15175, 1218, 1689, 262, 10789, 18524, 45641, 27561, 28542, 414, 22516, 1392, 29348, 413, 6156, 8215, 27, 79, 826, 49386, 14899, 45641, 300, 484, 66, 15, 308, 44885, 45641, 300, 484, 1432, 9608, 46669, 37821, 1392, 22616, 18889, 246, 2880, 257, 76, 21964, 1484, 28954, 347, 571, 13, 2873, 893, 396, 34163, 3889, 864, 85, 328, 307, 13, 29348, 4530, 30687, 455, 26307, 298, 1550, 15175, 69, 1392, 2649, 2381, 22289, 42454, 42468, 2827, 302, 23105, 248, 13077, 43236, 327, 11500, 15604, 28542, 414, 16750, 1218, 75, 255, 1190, 770, 1392, 21380, 48155, 632, 1479, 16713, 303, 2966, 25445, 8729, 246, 18453, 6841, 24821, 536, 9245, 246, 2880, 257, 5914, 44918, 268, 15175, 4998, 362, 24470, 25445, 632, 24524, 8962, 86, 438, 15959, 15, 187, 54, 438, 15959, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 739, 1392, 25685, 5256, 1464, 266, 480, 1368, 9903, 1906, 4530, 8727, 8729, 340, 73, 3354, 1906, 4530, 382, 3592, 5738, 256, 32187, 770, 1432, 507, 86, 13511, 5781, 29348, 413, 13917, 45641, 571, 2827, 414, 48931, 12580, 561, 32187, 770, 1432, 571, 362, 49333, 2827, 74, 49659, 1208, 85, 900, 14302, 15, 10283, 249, 1392, 25685, 5256, 1464, 266, 44918, 246, 284, 522, 86, 13000, 571, 299, 384, 80, 6362, 549, 87, 412, 6653, 532, 6592, 859, 1914, 8729, 256, 32187, 13865, 90, 45161, 2381, 9226, 42454, 261, 4415, 11895, 81, 647, 24533, 15, 308, 44885, 327, 340, 22516, 288, 1164, 267, 12784, 8727, 8729, 1114, 303, 307, 4530, 261, 12784, 8727, 465, 8627, 90, 661, 36825, 13, 3371, 5741, 479, 301, 6841, 327, 27082, 12198, 2585, 1392, 21380, 15, 308, 1392, 48155, 327, 44130, 770, 1392, 249, 465, 8627, 656, 1616, 76, 2610, 6077, 26243, 384, 1392, 21380, 29045, 1484, 438, 17062, 4164, 7373, 2381, 29045, 13, 480, 30797, 465, 536, 251, 4631, 292, 549, 87, 412, 6653, 532, 6592, 859, 262, 12910, 13077, 8962, 255, 340, 661, 414, 261, 6147, 414, 22516, 22516, 8729, 465, 536, 251, 4631, 292, 340, 661, 414, 261, 6147, 414, 661, 292, 45641, 43236, 2827, 21964, 4123, 261, 1758, 268, 1914, 303, 86, 4881, 261, 1758, 549, 87, 412, 6653, 532, 2381, 2967, 34103, 1392, 13, 42845, 4530, 11329, 87, 770, 1392, 87, 12271, 821, 85, 47476, 278, 1392, 9608, 12271, 281, 553, 661, 6231, 80, 6362, 15 ]	ingot, joita aiheutui Parmalatin, Enronin, WorldComin ja muiden yritysten tapauksessa. Nämä kaikki julkaisivat aikanaan neljännesvuosikatsauksia, ja lopputuloksen voimme nähdä – älkäämme siis rasittako yrityksiä tuottamattomilla toimilla. Toiseksi oikeudellisten ja sisämarkkina-asioiden valiokunta piti tärkeänä, että direktiivi on sähköistä kaupparekisteriä koskevan direktiivin mukainen. Sisällytimme tähän direktiiviin lausekkeen, jonka nojalla jäsenvaltiot voivat perinteidensä mukaisesti säätää vaadittujen tietojen julkaisemisesta Internetin sijasta muissa tiedotusvälineissä. Onnistuimme sisällyttämään tämän säännön myös avoimuusdirektiiviin. Mielestäni näin varmistetaan, että jäsenvaltioiden lainsäätäjät voivat käsitellä kahta direktiiviä, joissa on samankaltainen sisältö, samalla tavalla. Pidämme tätä tärkeänä. Oikeudellisten ja sisämarkkina-asioiden valiokunta on lisäksi tyytyväinen velkapapereita koskevaan ratkaisuun. Oikeudellisten ja sisämarkkina-asioiden valiokunnassa käytyjen neuvottelujen tulos sai meidät huolestumaan siitä, että saattaisimme joutua IAS:n täytäntöönpanoa koskevassa kysymyksessä epäedulliseen asemaan Yhdysvaltojen kanssa käytävissä neuvotteluissa. Tämä kuitenkin estetään mielestäni nyt laaditulla aiempien oikeuksien rajoitettua säilyttämistä koskevalla säännöllä, ja neuvotteluasemamme ei ole aiempaa huonompi. Me vain teemme asiat hankalammaksi niille, jotka jo ovat Euroopassa. Kaiken kaikkiaan olen tyytyväinen tähän tulokseen ja kiitän erittäin lämpimästi esittelijäkollegoitani ja varjoesittelijöitä yhteistyöstä. Karas (PPE-DE ). – Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa komission jäsen Villiers, jäsen Skinner, aluksi totean, että kumpikin direktiivi on osa rahoituspalveluja koskevaa toimintasuunnitelmaa, ja näin ollen ne auttavat lujittamaan ja toteuttamaan sisäisiä rahoitusmarkkinoita. Toiseksi haluan todeta, että kumpikin direktiivi on suuri saavutus parlamentille ja parlamentaariselle yhteispäätösmenettelylle. Kolmanneksi nykyisessä muodossaan kummassakin direktiivissä on muutettu olennaisesti sekä komission luonnosta että yhteistä kantaa ja tuotu nämä lähemmäksi parlamentin näkemystä. Avoimuusdirektiivistä onkin jo todettu, että komission ehdotus EU:n pörssilistoilla olevien yritysten velvoittamisesta laatimaan neljännesvuosikatsauksia on nyt saatu pois päiväjärjestyksestä ja aivan perustellusti. Lainoja koskevia avoimuusvaatimuksia on parannettu huomattavasti. Nyt sovitulla yritystietojen julkaisemista koskevalla sanamuodolla varmistetaan, että jäsenvaltiot voivat vaatia omia yrityksiään julkaisemaan tiedot painetussa muodossa. Vaatimus tietojen samanaikaisesta julkaisemisesta on poistettu. Sijoituspalveludirektiivistä voin sanoa ainoastaan sen, että olisin ollut tyytyväisempi, jos 27 artiklassa olisi määritetty toimeksiannon tarkka koko tai jos johdanto-osan 49 kappale olisi poistettu. On kuitenkin tärkeää, että mietinnön avulla olemme onnistuneet löytämään kultaisen keskitien erilaisten kansallisten etunäkökohtien, Euroopan sisämarkkinoita koskevien etujen ja egoististen pyrkimystemme välillä, ja tästä kiitän lämpimästi esittelijä Villiersiä. Hänen ansiostaan kolme rahoitusmarkkinoiden kannalta erittäin tärkeää valtiota – Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta, Tanska ja Ruotsi – ovat nyt mukana, vaikka ne eivät alun perin kannattaneet yhteistä kantaa, ja markkinaosapuolet voivat nyt hyödyntää parempaa direktiiviä. Katiforis (PSE ). Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, sekä avoimuusvaatimusten yhdenmukaistamista että rahoituspalveluja koskevalla direktiivillä saatetaan tänään päätökseen vaikea prosessi, joka on vaatinut rahoituspalvelujen osalta valtavia ponnistuksia erityisesti esittelijä Villiersiltä. Tähän asiaan liittyy valtavia teknisiä ja poliittisia ongelmia, enkä usko, että prosessia olisi saatu päätökseen ilman hänen suunnatonta uutteruuttaan. Sen vuoksi haluan onnitella esittelijää siitä, että hän on tehnyt niin kovasti töitä. Se, että saamme tämän prosessin tänään lopultakin päätökseen, merkitsee parlamentille sekä talous- ja raha-asioiden valiokunnalle suurta saavutusta ja osoittaa, että jos lainsäädännön hyväksyminen joskus viivästyy, se ei johdu parlamentin velttoudesta. Sijoituspalveluja koskevan direktiivin – josta haluaisin sen varjoesittelijänä puhua enemmän – tarkoituksena on elvyttää rahoitusalalla toimivia yrityksiä koskeva EU:n laajuinen toimilupa. Tämä toimilupajärjestelmä ei ole tietenkään uusi asia, mutta se oli vanhentunut, koska kansallisten lainsäädäntöjen väliset erot aiheuttivat ongelmia yritysten rajatylittävässä liiketoiminnassa ja tämän vuoksi tietenkin myös pääoman vapaassa liikkuvuudessa. Uudessa direktiivissä ehdotetaan johdonmukaista ja yhdenmukaistettua sijoittajansuojaa koskevia toimia erityisesti piensijoittajia varten eri jäsenvaltioissa. Siinä ehdotetaan myös tasapuolisia ehtoja arvopaperipörssien ja sijoitusyhtiöiden väliselle kilpailulle. Tämä on yksi hankalimmista ja monimutkaisimmista kysymyksistä, joita meidän on käsiteltävä. Tässä on nimittäin kysymys markkinoilla nähtävästä uudesta ilmiöstä, jossa kokonaiset arvopaperipörssit muuttuvat yksityisyrityksiksi ja kokonaiset yksityisyritykset toimivat eräänlaisina pienimuotoisina arvopaperipörsseinä, jotka selvittävät valtavat määrät toimeksiantoja.
[ 1723, 13, 597, 778, 452, 253, 954, 2834, 8416, 281, 253, 3963, 2952, 15, 13728, 273, 616, 2457, 2145, 3958, 588, 1705, 1411, 15202, 8615, 281, 1056, 253, 27613, 15, 380, 643, 1264, 403, 327, 253, 3971, 15, 187, 187, 510, 6112, 29629, 452, 247, 2716, 14, 13197, 1421, 327, 253, 1273, 4956, 3120, 6308, 13, 533, 597, 1089, 3746, 275, 247, 8105, 16056, 15, 380, 29629, 452, 3663, 5093, 4951, 13, 285, 1249, 562, 273, 1638, 3958, 275, 4397, 15, 1583, 452, 2800, 12640, 3958, 1411, 4956, 3120, 523, 13577, 285, 812, 1089, 3746, 562, 273, 253, 5492, 604, 597, 1053, 457, 85, 1614, 1841, 1475, 15, 187, 187, 4509, 253, 6589, 5791, 13, 253, 19585, 28322, 3841, 285, 1457, 2816, 33891, 403, 1048, 28853, 281, 4035, 4882, 275, 4437, 15, 322, 2835, 767, 285, 374, 15, 22, 3958, 562, 13, 2975, 13, 597, 457, 620, 1097, 878, 281, 1379, 5750, 273, 616, 581, 2962, 1669, 342, 253, 416, 698, 15, 380, 6671, 812, 5649, 432, 616, 2952, 14, 1946, 2962, 15, 19585, 588, 3167, 253, 9693, 4410, 27705, 13, 665, 452, 2168, 15312, 598, 253, 9025, 4060, 15, 1457, 2816, 310, 11526, 281, 1132, 253, 1698, 314, 14296, 15123, 2921, 15, 187, 187, 510, 19802, 16869, 452, 253, 1682, 4839, 273, 667, 1655, 1327, 14, 1993, 2727, 2285, 281, 3330, 253, 4956, 3120, 15, 2726, 2145, 3958, 1669, 13, 597, 1790, 816, 247, 2716, 14, 13197, 562, 273, 253, 49982, 15, 2732, 247, 1264, 14, 13197, 873, 342, 253, 15391, 3228, 14655, 932, 13, 19802, 1912, 457, 85, 452, 281, 2454, 247, 49865, 253, 1551, 273, 253, 1039, 15, 187, 187, 510, 14655, 932, 403, 12331, 342, 253, 33891, 323, 253, 9065, 1924, 273, 667, 2285, 342, 247, 15958, 5103, 273, 16037, 1170, 715, 253, 27613, 15, 1583, 452, 690, 3524, 342, 616, 1390, 5093, 3958, 3551, 1411, 253, 16335, 2398, 32930, 285, 8068, 5219, 27705, 15, 187, 187, 1410, 15332, 15, 681, 556, 1691, 247, 7155, 327, 253, 29034, 14512, 273, 1016, 4956, 3120, 29874, 15, 23195, 403, 253, 3645, 12234, 34601, 13653, 323, 512, 273, 1110, 15202, 13, 2556, 281, 34239, 462, 13, 347, 973, 347, 512, 273, 616, 5780, 28631, 15, 187, 9, 8012, 10, 187, 31900, 316, 416, 15, 27196, 2775, 2350, 48, 13, 18160, 13, 187, 87, 15, 187, 9244, 431, 15, 6277, 416, 2925, 15400, 16408, 13, 21485, 15, 187, 2302, 15, 16703, 14, 8887, 14, 45701, 9, 12695, 35, 481, 187, 11586, 2077, 4412, 2111, 13, 411, 15, 37, 15, 1457, 2816, 15, 187, 21859, 655, 13, 4695, 15, 187, 187, 34246, 34316, 4889, 19140, 187, 15778, 39321, 444, 15, 378, 26081, 2775, 1042, 42, 13, 1986, 2077, 46527, 6798, 15, 187, 187, 42, 15, 12276, 187, 31900, 316, 416, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 5550, 9873, 348, 3377, 3, 390, 346, 30351, 254, 8375, 6607, 407, 14667, 5067, 19027, 322, 15, 7608, 250, 13, 49286, 904, 14993, 247, 2416, 273, 23870, 20689, 10376, 281, 3349, 530, 15, 52, 15, 36, 15, 3015, 374, 15161, 327, 253, 3720, 273, 5575, 10281, 2192, 2683, 1005, 275, 253, 3883, 273, 9611, 5966, 1411, 779, 327, 4437, 337, 13, 8065, 13, 327, 7260, 273, 1273, 4248, 44182, 285, 2626, 4248, 6424, 10023, 273, 247, 10485, 15, 380, 4676, 452, 42243, 281, 16322, 273, 436, 2647, 407, 247, 26462, 5963, 10376, 281, 3349, 530, 15, 52, 15, 36, 15, 3015, 49921, 9, 68, 2769, 18, 481, 187, 187, 42, 15, 22481, 780, 17720, 285, 37611, 1546, 9541, 187, 187, 34, 15, 42372, 187, 9873, 348, 3377, 369, 38455, 327, 767, 9372, 273, 46681, 275, 253, 6347, 46997, 313, 4257, 2816, 44252, 5405, 5550, 49, 15, 45, 25107, 3015, 11140, 15, 1099, 9, 18, 582, 313, 19, 9679, 581, 1385, 273, 20526, 23443, 2738, 273, 247, 844, 23821, 275, 253, 6347, 46997, 13, 271, 12360, 17974, 313, 49, 15, 45, 15, 3015, 25905, 15, 2941, 582, 581, 1385, 273, 20526, 23443, 2738, 273, 247, 844, 23821, 275, 253, 12245, 46997, 13, 271, 12360, 17974, 313, 49, 15, 45, 15, 3015, 25905, 15, 2640, 9, 21, 9679, 285, 581, 1385, 273, 1294, 1856, 959, 7890, 273, 844, 40127, 13, 271, 12360, 17974, 313, 49, 15, 45, 15, 3015, 25905, 15, 1671, 9, 19, 5029, 380, 7260, 8424, 1314, 432, 3094, 348, 3377, 434, 5575, 10171, 275, 253, 9602, 2471, 273, 4744, 24986, 19530, 5985, 5550, 44, 375, 19530, 5985, 3, 390, 346, 783, 5487, 2807, 275, 253, 3228, 273, 28299, 327, 4163, 3349, 13, 8210, 15, 187, 187, 35, 15, 380, 1608, 22933, 187, 510, 1563, 15010, 6010, 556, 644, 20786, 20625, 432, 2332, 2909, 13, 347, 973, 347, 11810, 434, 16939, 4864, 285, 253, 14079, 434, 16939, 4864, 15, 496, 253, 2393, 4131, 3038, 273, 4163, 3349, 13, 8210, 13, 24986, 19530, 5985, 285, 2620, 273, 521, 3858, 574, 1669, 247, 3128, 387, 247, 3331, 434, 2419, 534, 574, 13207, 253, 2360, 1078, 15, 24986, 19530, 5985, 369, 253, 896, 36443, 15828, 275, 521, 3331, 6893, 353, 6133, 6646, 434, 12673, 18623, 1940, 15, 5220, 1246, 275, 253, 1113, 497, 616, 3858, 22723, 401, 3298, 274, 5550, 39, 3298, 274, 8375, 13114, 19995, 5550, 24354, 1402, 8375, 6277, 31424, 5550, 56, 25823, 6788, 1583, 497, 1563, 253, 15515, 3331, 13, 20839, 367, 1403, 676, 9327, 5550, 49, 1403, 676, 9327, 8375, 665, 369, 15150, 521, 25812, 1728, 15, 2732, 344, 8231, 521, 13696, 13, 367, 1403, 676, 9327, 1694, 715, 253, 32732, 273, 253, 9988, 15, 353, 6133, 6646, 369, 1469, 281, 4446, 731, 281, 253, 2170, 835, 344, 3786, 574, 6940, 13, 2822, 253, 18232, 3423, 39607, 15, 401, 3298, 274, 3786, 574, 5469, 1469, 281, 1529, 2419, 281, 346, 788, 715, 247, 3819, 3, 533, 642, 581, 369, 581, 13, 594, 353, 6133, 6646, 4821, 281, 4446, 731, 1475, 15, 187, 1909, 253, 4958, 3531, 4830, 48248, 5720, 13, 597, 4817, 247, 2872, 2806, 5086, 597, 1996, 3636, 347, 3094, 348, 3377, 13, 665, 369, 7824, 327, 253, 6406, 15, 416, 15, 22, 2405, 13, 721, 1508, 13, 818, 2270, 14, 4739, 13, 854, 2417, 14, 3208, 13, 898, 2357, 14, 3141, 4681, 18, 62, 831, 637, 369, 9398, 7351, 4233, 32353, 13, 247, 3168, 17433, 73, 4580, 11834, 247, 2806, 14, 395, 14, 11300, 1161, 33144, 433, 14133, 13, 285, 369, 8785, 247, 2143, 7351, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 285, 253, 2872, 1821, 275, 253, 12673, 18623, 1940, 858, 417, 871, 1016, 643, 28, 253, 9602, 8505, 369, 45554, 407, 253, 6431, 273, 16076, 4453, 875, 401, 3298, 274, 13, 253, 2914, 14, 36443, 15828, 13, 285, 3094, 348, 3377, 13, 665, 369, 7824, 327, 253, 33619, 15, 401, 3298, 274, 8176, 326, 344, 369, 2819, 281, 755, 715, 247, 3819, 326, 2360, 15, 754, 7558, 326, 3094, 348, 3377, 369, 4933, 779, 271, 11790, 1007, 13, 285, 753, 13, 346, 1276, 449, 401, 3298, 274, 19294, 13, 346, 1276, 13, 3101, 71, 18141, 865, 896, 387, 779, 15, 416, 15, 19603, 14, 3571, 13, 44504, 13, 721, 1731, 13, 898, 2787, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 19294, 1633, 896, 15, 416, 15, 42980, 13, 721, 1731, 14, 1630, 13, 898, 2787, 14, 1438, 15, 353, 6133, 6646, 6331, 253, 9988, 13, 285, 401, 3298, 274, 43788, 342, 253, 3000, 13, 346, 42, 717, 1469, 281, 755, 562, 285, 3819, 779, 449, 416, 15, 42980, 13, 44443, 13, 721, 1619, 13, 854, 1549, 13, 898, 1438, 14, 26, 3593, 15, 353, 6133, 6646, 753, 326, 344, 6331, 253, 1113, 984, 672, 3094, 348, 3377, 346, 90, 5911, 1633, 896, 359, 497, 3164, 1469, 281, 755, 562, 285, 7171, 779, 598, 390, 5913, 359, 497, 1469, 281, 513, 281, 779, 449, 187, 7130, 281, 401, 3298, 274, 13, 1223, 344, 369, 6306, 275, 253, 6406, 13, 3094, 348, 3377, 28435, 13, 346, 1276, 13, 368, 971, 619, 2583, 865, 15, 416, 15, 42082, 13, 818, 4739, 13, 854, 3763, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 7320, 562, 752, 5420, 281, 320, 247, 5654, 285, 4395, 2584, 779, 15, 3900, 6306, 275, 253, 6406, 13, 401, 3298, 274, 4767, 326, 11810, 3407, 281, 1408, 387, 779, 15, 416, 15, 42082, 14, 1787, 13, 45610, 13, 43138, 14, 2405, 13, 818, 4529, 14, 4590, 13, 818, 2222, 13, 854, 3571, 13, 898, 3507, 14, 3245, 15, 31424, 671, 7859, 326, 344, 2540, 253, 2060, 3785, 247, 5654, 562, 432, 3212, 521, 896, 285, 1127, 352, 387, 253, 4958, 1223, 5877, 352, 275, 247, 37126, 5133, 15, 401, 3298, 274, 3735, 19995, 13, 665, 369, 1335, 275, 253, 9988, 13, 1375, 13, 346, 248, 434, 10922, 323, 1633, 3346, 544, 73, 62, 70, 434, 1694, 1633, 275, 521, 1133, 3346, 344, 434, 1694, 247, 5654, 449, 416, 15, 13851, 15, 401, 3298, 274, 4767, 3094, 348, 3377, 3982, 521, 1669, 1133, 598, 13, 285, 344, 2540, 752, 5420, 281, 320, 247, 5654, 8042, 387, 779, 15, 2058, 326, 1127, 13, 401, 3298, 274, 458, 1739, 896, 715, 253, 4958, 285, 2183, 353, 6133, 6646, 281, 755, 562, 273, 627, 15, 187, 1909, 253, 18623, 1940, 369, 6276, 1977, 13, 767, 390, 1264, 13768, 25791, 562, 15, 2732, 4854, 247, 3497, 2740, 13, 19995, 3735, 24986, 19530, 5985, 10578, 326, 344, 574, 644, 4352, 15, 416, 15, 34458, 14, 3156, 13, 721, 2405, 14, 1610, 13, 818, 1525, 13, 854, 1540, 14, 2082, 13, 898, 2227, 14, 26, 2691, 15, 15092, 2620, 281, 3578, 2909, 273, 253, 9602, 13, 253, 5487, 285, 521, 3858, 7244, 387, 271, 8945, 2316, 15, 416, 15, 49046, 13, 721, 1787, 13, 818, 1525, 14, 10695, 13, 854, 2251, 15, 24986, 19530, 5985, 369, 7591, 281, 320, 9809, 28, 253, 16950, 574, 18753, 758, 2067, 273, 521, 12232, 15384, 15, 416, 15, 49895, 13, 48891, 13, 818, 1525, 13, 854, 2082, 13, 898, 2597, 15, 187, 10572, 3578, 281, 6818, 2909, 846, 326, 13, 253, 3513, 7244, 13, 416, 15, 42772, 13, 721, 1839, 13, 14212, 13, 898, 2270, 15, 12743, 330, 27640, 932, 5985, 13, 665, 8523, 20114, 253, 12170, 13, 7859, 326, 401, 3298, 274, 13, 253, 2914, 14, 36443, 15828, 13, 2529, 253, 30702, 347, 247, 346, 11958, 5086, 275, 521, 2500, 47798, 13, 3346, 1708, 14, 3319, 13172, 13, 3346, 9398, 247, 2806, 285, 3168, 1161, 33144, 433, 14133, 13, 32353, 13, 285, 344, 574, 247, 500, 507, 21483, 544, 25831, 62, 1984, 7351, 24554, 416, 15, 1423, 15, 5131, 12170, 2529, 253, 30702, 347, 247, 346, 3243, 14, 3319, 13172, 3, 346, 3319, 23819, 3, 2806, 5086, 13, 670, 2800, 14, 48524, 14, 85, 455, 13, 342, 247, 346, 24481, 2372, 273, 17754, 4707, 449, 831, 5740, 12555, 3, 3243, 14, 3319, 13172, 2806, 5086, 342, 247, 7856, 327, 13, 544, 395, 9398, 62, 2806, 285, 3168, 1161, 33144, 433, 2159, 14, 84, 282, 1173, 264, 14133, 13, 4797, 14, 5173, 266, 32353, 60, 15, 9336, 416, 15, 48828, 13, 48242, 13, 854, 2090, 12555, 4238, 10675, 689, 253, 3513, 5553, 387, 670, 495, 27, 1010, 247, 15, 78, 15, 22389, 40289, 13, 665, 574, 7244, 13515, 17096, 281, 2589, 253, 921, 14, 484, 8137, 13, 6828, 326, 253, 2620, 12170, 320, 9070, 432, 1016, 643, 594, 326, 597, 651, 417, 4035, 281, 2312, 15995, 3746, 15, 187, 21756, 398, 42449, 4351, 285, 5219, 665, 497, 327, 21820, 4441, 247, 1436, 15602, 281, 3761, 253, 5740, 313, 74, 15, 70, 904, 3094, 348, 3377, 10, 275, 253, 21520, 273, 48248, 285, 18232, 3423, 13, 253, 16851, 4328, 835, 253, 9602, 574, 5866, 15, 416, 15, 44034, 14, 1010, 13, 898, 2357, 14, 3141, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 369, 7824, 342, 247, 3331, 273, 521, 13, 33357, 23698, 5550, 41, 27995, 6788, 60, 19, 62, 37209, 42449, 4351, 285, 5219, 7244, 342, 3094, 348, 3377, 670, 2620, 281, 2800, 2909, 846, 253, 10675, 15, 187, 688, 253, 22849, 13, 3739, 11570, 275, 253, 8945, 2316, 574, 8191, 253, 5487, 434, 3858, 326, 344, 574, 4962, 15, 12743, 330, 27640, 932, 5985, 2905, 326, 5749, 66, 62, 620, 20142, 9377, 562, 275, 253, 3346, 7220, 672, 253, 2872, 10692, 2210, 562, 432, 253, 14977, 2316, 285, 6138, 326, 344, 369, 4783, 13, 326, 344, 1871, 4962, 449, 416, 15, 938, 15, 2596, 637, 346, 5478, 60, 264, 62, 270, 3834, 521, 3564, 1411, 253, 27034, 3, 275, 253, 1821, 434, 2316, 285, 1529 ]	However, they may have the most difficult finish to the regular season. Ten of their final 13 games will come against clubs fighting to make the playoffs. The other three are on the road. The Texas Rangers have a half-game lead on the second wild card spot, but they find themselves in a tailspin. The Rangers have lost seven straight, and 12 out of 14 games in September. They have six consecutive games against wild card contenders and could find themselves out of the race if they don’t turn things around. From the AL East, the Baltimore Orioles and New York Yankees are longshots to continue playing in October. Sitting two and 2.5 games out, respectively, they’ll both need to take advantage of their one series left with the Rays. The teams could benefit from their season-ending series. Baltimore will host the Boston Red Sox, who have already wrapped up the division title. New York is scheduled to play the lowly Houston Astros. The Cleveland Indians have the best chance of any current non-playoff team to win the wild card. With 13 games left, they sit just a half-game out of the postseason. After a three-game set with the Kansas City Royals, Cleveland won’t have to face a contender the rest of the way. The Royals are tied with the Yankees for the worst record of any team with a realistic shot of sneaking into the playoffs. They have some hope with their last seven games coming against the Seattle Mariners and Chicago White Sox. ESPN.com has put a percentage on the playoff chances of each wild card hopeful. Below are the World Series betting odds for all of those clubs, according to Bodog, as well as all of their remaining schedules. (2008) Marcus R. CORCHADO, Petitioner, v. Supt. Michael RABIDEAU, Respondent. No. 04-CV-0039(VEB). United States District Court, W.D. New York. September 19, 2008. DECISION AND ORDER VICTOR E. BIANCHINI, United States Magistrate Judge. I. Introduction Marcus R. Corchado ("Corchado" or "petitioner"), represented by retained counsel Nelson S. Torre, Esq., seeks a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254 on the basis of alleged constitutional infirmities in the judgment of conviction entered against him on October 1, 1998, on charges of second degree manslaughter and third degree criminal possession of a weapon. The parties have consented to disposition of this matter by a magistrate judge pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(c)(1). I. Factual Background and Procedural History A. Overview Corchado was indicted on two counts of Murder in the Second Degree (New York Penal Law ("P.L.") § 125.25(1), (2)), one count of Criminal Possession of a Weapon in the Second Degree, an armed felony (P.L. § 265.03), one count of Criminal Possession of a Weapon in the Third Degree, an armed felony (P.L. § 265.02(4)), and one count of Prohibited Use of Weapons, an armed felony (P.L. § 265.35(2)). The charges stemmed from Corchado's alleged involvement in the shooting death of Mark Kosmoski ("Kosmoski" or "the victim") in the City of Buffalo on July 28, 1997. B. The Shooting The following factual summary has been gleaned from trial minutes, as well as petitioner's appellate brief and the prosecution's appellate brief. In the early morning hours of July 28, 1997, Kosmoski and five of his friends had left a party at a friend's house which had begun the night before. Kosmoski was the backseat passenger in his friend Frank Militello's Ford Bronco. Also present in the car were their friends Sean Farrar ("Farrar"), Ryan Murray ("Murray"), Michael Wagner ("Wagner"). They were following the sixth friend, Justin Pawlowski ("Pawlowski"), who was riding his bicycle home. After he dropped his bike, Pawlowski got into the hatch of the truck. Militello was going to drive them to the area where he previously had lived, near the Langfield Projects. Farrar previously had discussed going to another house to "get into a fight" but no one was one, so Militello continued to drive them around. As the vehicle turned onto Edison Street, they passed a young black male they later identified as Corchado, who was walking on the street. R.531, 623, 790-91, 855-56, 977-78.[1] This man was wearing baggy shorts, a white undershirt beneath a black-and-white checkered shirt, and was carrying a school bag. Corchado and the young men in the Ford Bronco did not know each other; the shooting apparently was precipitated by the exchange of dirty looks between Farrar, the front-seat passenger, and Corchado, who was walking on the sidewalk. Farrar admitted that he was looking to get into a fight that night. He claimed that Corchado was giving him an angry look, and said, "What." Farrar shouted, "What, motherfucker?" back at him. R.162-63, 533, 626, 979. Corchado shouted something back. R.535, 626-27, 979-80. Militello stopped the truck, and Farrar exited with the words, "I am going to get out and fight him." R.535, 556, 628, 860, 980-981. Militello said that he stopped the car because when Corchado "yelled something back we were probably going to get out and beat him up or whatever we were going to do to him." According to Farrar, while he was standing in the street, Corchado yelled, "What, you want my money?". R.536, 791, 862. Corchado pulled out what appeared to be a gun and moved toward him. While standing in the street, Farrar stated that petitioner began to run at him. R.536-37, 539, 630-31, 792-93, 795, 863, 982-83. Wagner also testified that he observed the individual pull a gun out from behind his back and point it at the vehicle while holding it in a tilted manner. Farrar heard Murray, who was still in the truck, state, "he's reaching for something ... [h]e's got something in his hand ... he's got a gun." R.168. Farrar stated Corchado brought his left hand up, and he observed what appeared to be a gun pointed at him. At that point, Farrar leapt back into the vehicle and told Militello to get out of there. As the Bronco was driving away, two or three shots rang out. After hearing a window break, Murray heard Kosmoski announce that he had been hit. R.540-41, 631-33, 799, 864-65, 985-986. Within five to ten minutes of the shooting, the victim and his friends arrived at an emergency room. R.543, 637, 799-800, 867. Kosmoski was unable to be saved; the bullet had pierced several of his vital organs. R.542, 633, 799, 865, 987. About ten to twenty minutes after that, the police arrived, R.545, 638, 800, 990. Officer Czekalski, who initially interviewed the witnesses, testified that Farrar, the front-seat passenger, described the shooter as a "black male in his twenties, ... light-skinned, ... wearing a black and white checkered shirt, shorts, and he had a Jans Sport [sic] book bag...." R.22. Other witnesses described the shooter as a "light-skinned" "skinny" black male, about six-feet-tall, with a "little bit of facial hair." This description"light-skinned black male with a hat on, [and wearing] black and white checkered short-sleeved shirt, blue-jean shorts[.]" R.639, 801, 869was broadcast over the police radio at about 3:15 a.m. Lieutenant Doyle, who had arrived shortly thereafter to conduct the show-up identification, directed that the five witnesses be separated from each other so that they would not continue to talk amongst themselves. Officers Hosking and White who were on patrol located a person appearing to match the description (i.e., Corchado) in the vicinity of Edison and Langfield, the approximate location where the shooting had occurred. R.714-15, 977-78. Corchado was walking with a friend of his, Adrian Harrison ("Harrison").[2] Officers Hosking and White arrived with Corchado about five to six minutes after the broadcast. In the meantime, medical personnel in the emergency room had informed the victim's friends that he had died. Officer Czekalski related that "[a]ll chaos broke out in the ... ER when the young lady came out from the trauma room and announced that he was gone, that he'd died." R.20. One man "start[ed] bashing his hands against the mirrors" in the men's room and another
[ 8994, 22, 23368, 16, 11151, 481, 380, 4477, 2361, 642, 4583, 3910, 275, 3437, 21, 285, 7452, 5771, 275, 253, 3939, 285, 16254, 6174, 533, 627, 369, 2406, 3302, 6532, 7452, 5771, 2190, 5014, 342, 1941, 273, 2169, 19471, 2429, 281, 1110, 342, 2406, 390, 642, 2854, 5189, 13, 2299, 436, 3064, 369, 417, 12321, 387, 1996, 673, 2792, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 11027, 1184, 14522, 13, 17085, 432, 253, 33556, 2604, 13801, 1263, 452, 4102, 2361, 247, 2074, 4560, 273, 2406, 3302, 7452, 5771, 285, 9907, 873, 1127, 2190, 7452, 1151, 16033, 332, 1336, 342, 21759, 6532, 3578, 1171, 34088, 2308, 2429, 281, 16254, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 15798, 1184, 27626, 26708, 13, 841, 767, 7313, 1804, 326, 690, 3486, 273, 3578, 1171, 34088, 327, 6532, 9907, 3301, 778, 320, 2326, 342, 2169, 19471, 2167, 253, 4294, 13, 7467, 285, 3382, 17200, 273, 436, 12340, 403, 417, 2568, 973, 7192, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 2067, 2442, 4606, 2139, 359, 285, 2571, 452, 2540, 1652, 3486, 273, 3578, 1171, 34088, 14, 15408, 2604, 13801, 327, 7452, 2728, 10005, 15, 380, 954, 18511, 1921, 310, 326, 275, 10307, 2175, 281, 3522, 13, 760, 247, 15156, 273, 5014, 342, 1151, 16033, 4149, 574, 21759, 3578, 1171, 34088, 387, 253, 673, 273, 1151, 16033, 4149, 13, 285, 275, 1142, 2219, 13, 19471, 281, 253, 1263, 1885, 2190, 1110, 665, 1151, 16033, 13083, 369, 4105, 4768, 253, 2332, 2180, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 14521, 1184, 3308, 627, 310, 8723, 2854, 1246, 342, 3710, 390, 642, 1055, 327, 253, 2728, 1617, 285, 7520, 2440, 273, 2854, 5052, 9197, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 10496, 1184, 9157, 13, 253, 4390, 7012, 16940, 323, 2604, 13801, 452, 4942, 2159, 2716, 14, 8206, 3021, 14155, 5445, 281, 253, 1331, 38959, 48377, 1309, 9894, 273, 1327, 324, 11724, 15, 733, 588, 320, 4619, 281, 1347, 10182, 956, 14, 484, 273, 5014, 665, 2489, 9813, 1309, 2175, 273, 2340, 1050, 1048, 8534, 1305, 302, 26850, 824, 347, 391, 300, 81, 43365, 460, 285, 7674, 302, 909, 3385, 343, 1955, 281, 253, 16707, 533, 749, 14, 783, 8233, 6532, 2308, 326, 403, 2540, 342, 841, 5835, 846, 16196, 2368, 273, 25602, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 17048, 1092, 1008, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 16604, 1184, 187, 187, 510, 4342, 273, 776, 1263, 497, 3710, 407, 253, 1698, 4583, 1263, 1885, 19471, 275, 15964, 47, 14, 4838, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 8972, 1184, 2091, 776, 1783, 369, 11096, 281, 253, 7946, 308, 14803, 16, 5518, 36, 5014, 342, 3578, 1171, 34088, 5189, 387, 253, 806, 42886, 1263, 4143, 13, 359, 969, 1119, 642, 3910, 275, 2728, 10005, 28, 2299, 13, 7605, 1612, 369, 3710, 13, 285, 19235, 359, 858, 417, 452, 2130, 3530, 323, 6814, 273, 14036, 6299, 273, 3578, 1171, 34088, 285, 802, 85, 695, 262, 36736, 13, 390, 323, 7103, 273, 2854, 6299, 387, 253, 673, 273, 806, 5481, 273, 1151, 16033, 4149, 275, 954, 5014, 15, 47042, 1783, 273, 253, 34152, 8875, 47502, 941, 556, 4232, 326, 253, 5020, 273, 5014, 342, 21759, 2308, 387, 253, 806, 42886, 673, 1127, 588, 452, 21759, 2308, 387, 6774, 12941, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 17758, 1184, 9157, 13, 359, 497, 417, 2104, 281, 2939, 323, 3910, 275, 7452, 2728, 10005, 407, 7452, 37623, 1955, 281, 1355, 3904, 273, 5014, 9813, 342, 1327, 14, 498, 796, 330, 6581, 28, 2299, 13, 2045, 2175, 452, 5183, 642, 3910, 275, 9907, 3301, 407, 37623, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 18348, 1184, 187, 187, 688, 6010, 13, 359, 2540, 2074, 7452, 2728, 6973, 275, 2255, 665, 497, 6883, 3578, 1171, 34088, 14, 3169, 7946, 390, 27457, 638, 14, 48917, 39633, 2429, 281, 16254, 275, 253, 15964, 47, 14, 4838, 2332, 283, 22202, 281, 643, 2175, 841, 941, 403, 3710, 407, 253, 4583, 1698, 19471, 281, 253, 1263, 3580, 15, 4129, 45462, 13, 14854, 956, 14, 484, 273, 1151, 16033, 332, 1336, 432, 10800, 285, 2852, 7587, 273, 1331, 38959, 48377, 5835, 908, 323, 12212, 403, 3309, 281, 4151, 3646, 285, 1682, 8333, 323, 2604, 13801, 15, 187, 187, 33327, 1491, 1712, 1704, 12058, 94, 187, 17863, 187, 187, 5146, 10570, 280, 29123, 285, 15772, 2278, 16431, 326, 2530, 1263, 9612, 15, 187, 187, 9, 27984, 57, 10, 187, 187, 5146, 2490, 187, 7146, 1060, 323, 3081, 941, 1873, 15, 187, 187, 510, 15964, 47, 14, 10496, 7241, 2285, 16995, 281, 5717, 253, 1263, 15986, 323, 616, 9940, 11497, 15, 844, 47444, 14409, 253, 1263, 4750, 432, 1458, 15299, 15022, 5489, 44857, 13, 253, 15964, 47, 5128, 11354, 285, 18300, 5197, 323, 941, 4323, 13, 285, 253, 34152, 8875, 7241, 2285, 313, 6869, 14, 1779, 3514, 13089, 570, 2398, 376, 35504, 285, 10035, 18907, 445, 5173, 481, 380, 12761, 67, 9429, 47992, 10701, 310, 14597, 407, 253, 3313, 6516, 273, 1876, 2124, 285, 49078, 784, 35852, 313, 5529, 18, 18128, 17, 28057, 1610, 13, 44171, 18, 18128, 17, 28057, 1010, 13, 44171, 18, 18128, 12971, 26522, 582, 342, 820, 14, 19431, 272, 432, 253, 475, 38, 328, 547, 16598, 1608, 9878, 11, 3313, 6516, 273, 8347, 4775, 285, 8801, 9753, 285, 253, 3313, 6516, 273, 29077, 4775, 13, 512, 4295, 273, 253, 530, 15, 52, 15, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 15, 380, 2600, 310, 12718, 253, 8294, 273, 253, 4477, 285, 1057, 417, 7933, 1957, 253, 3565, 6849, 273, 253, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 15, 187, 187, 5180, 18, 5218, 1401, 24163, 34665, 6098, 510, 4477, 452, 8884, 326, 642, 11771, 6284, 2226, 15, 187, 187, 5180, 19, 5218, 1401, 1773, 25455, 1320, 6098, 44067, 21708, 500, 35, 6019, 3233, 1095, 318, 6098, 49012, 6019, 39, 1939, 1783, 6098, 32322, 500, 35, 6019, 30381, 5538, 6098, 9942, 329, 15, 13343, 376, 34453, 378, 2415, 329, 15, 367, 1226, 13575, 11356, 39157, 10890, 18460, 26029, 14, 49, 22806, 20160, 6019, 6942, 1497, 6098, 44067, 21708, 49012, 11642, 6019, 11695, 5286, 6098, 44067, 21708, 11642, 49012, 16197, 500, 35, 6019, 22804, 6098, 9942, 329, 15, 13343, 376, 34453, 378, 2415, 329, 15, 367, 1226, 13575, 11356, 39157, 10890, 18460, 26029, 14, 49, 22806, 20160, 6019, 31495, 6098, 32322, 500, 35, 6019, 15705, 4694, 6098, 44067, 500, 35, 6019, 37587, 1969, 3236, 7482, 6098, 44067, 6019, 37587, 1969, 2278, 708, 14835, 6098, 32322, 9942, 329, 15, 13343, 376, 34453, 378, 2415, 329, 15, 367, 1226, 13575, 11356, 39157, 10890, 18460, 26029, 14, 49, 22806, 20160, 21708, 11642, 49012, 16197, 15, 187, 15804, 1372, 41, 2415, 3887, 52, 4889, 5208, 35, 7810, 2350, 1372, 42370, 26564, 21247, 8160, 14865, 21598, 5648, 3123, 2949, 611, 11156, 34, 187, 187, 55, 249, 1154, 418, 293, 333, 13, 17979, 3918, 27037, 387, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 34358, 9733, 13, 2296, 2136, 310, 16122, 1077, 3809, 275, 253, 18997, 281, 598, 7527, 8614, 9050, 187, 187, 11728, 263, 34358, 9733, 14469, 11354, 2434, 904, 12098, 13, 4232, 275, 5403, 13, 310, 247, 6036, 18875, 4270, 275, 11696, 875, 253, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 285, 253, 34358, 5901, 15, 26456, 418, 293, 333, 13, 310, 17979, 3918, 27037, 387, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 34358, 9733, 15, 844, 2546, 779, 281, 2028, 441, 625, 670, 253, 11696, 2866, 187, 187, 11862, 49246, 39, 3271, 6527, 3481, 11324, 5543, 52, 444, 9431, 2277, 25692, 1410, 10727, 418, 21466, 3322, 58, 5935, 444, 5707, 2277, 58, 187, 187, 1231, 3959, 4198, 33258, 31734, 407, 24399, 8614, 9891, 457, 3198, 13, 2791, 1783, 13, 285, 9933, 15040, 949, 4323, 13, 17117, 390, 16959, 3310, 15, 8874, 263, 34358, 9733, 13, 534, 310, 247, 6036, 18875, 2567, 13, 6125, 1097, 8614, 2390, 275, 9733, 15, 34358, 5901, 556, 8228, 715, 7552, 253, 4283, 1980, 8614, 1387, 285, 556, 253, 954, 9470, 3640, 327, 253, 1980, 2791, 15, 2726, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 457, 4156, 2990, 13, 9470, 7138, 20820, 13, 2266, 6224, 3268, 5147, 285, 4323, 871, 14, 5430, 13, 359, 452, 253, 1682, 11696, 281, 10196, 8379, 275, 3684, 9733, 15, 20058, 13, 359, 588, 6558, 776, 4283, 1899, 275, 253, 8614, 4491, 285, 2007, 1287, 21440, 3340, 275, 253, 18997, 285, 598, 7527, 8614, 9050, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 1057, 253, 20820, 2882, 273, 32, 187, 187, 510, 2567, 4390, 17209, 2164, 21440, 275, 2800, 8238, 313, 3251, 3941, 13, 4137, 33382, 13, 496, 46321, 13, 12073, 909, 86, 13, 28926, 33382, 13, 285, 19523, 266, 481, 3824, 20820, 273, 17739, 37035, 432, 18997, 281, 6982, 13, 1690, 4390, 33212, 1342, 13, 8481, 21988, 459, 13, 10733, 302, 293, 48426, 265, 13, 10733, 302, 293, 13, 21988, 459, 13, 18890, 261, 31297, 868, 13, 18890, 261, 13, 285, 18890, 261, 31706, 15, 187, 187, 11728, 263, 34358, 9733, 310, 253, 6253, 8614, 5572, 275, 9733, 342, 625, 685, 818, 13, 933, 9956, 13, 374, 13, 933, 6171, 285, 310, 671, 253, 760, 5213, 8614, 5572, 342, 247, 9933, 15942, 17929, 4441, 275, 36546, 15, 187, 187, 2347, 812, 368, 1682, 6266, 634, 1655, 9159, 275, 436, 2791, 32, 187, 187, 26747, 13, 359, 452, 247, 1077, 2266, 19274, 275, 253, 2791, 5742, 1561, 4260, 7527, 281, 6982, 8614, 9050, 15, 844, 497, 253, 806, 5213, 8614, 7138, 281, 37775, 253, 6982, 8614, 8776, 285, 281, 8379, 2489, 253, 4283, 8614, 6982, 7138, 342, 18890, 261, 2021, 17739, 15, 10733, 302, 293, 671, 556, 247, 2266, 3361, 275, 9733, 342, 767, 747, 7908, 19794, 4102, 5485, 275, 36546, 15, 844, 403, 671, 1024, 16122, 1077, 3809, 275, 18997, 281, 598, 7527, 8614, 9050, 342, 253, 5909, 273, 776, 954, 3332, 2199, 13, 36546, 22371, 3228, 15, 831, 27231, 773, 12022, 293, 14, 12813, 668, 5485, 697, 3369, 275, 4437, 4240, 13, 342, 337, 13, 14744, 9956, 285, 1740, 5799, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 17739, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 310, 634, 3971, 4251, 1108, 3340, 323, 18997, 3607, 1905, 275, 436, 2919, 32, 187, 187, 1552, 4163, 13, 359, 403, 5909, 253, 10733, 302, 293, 34358, 36546, 39571, 1473, 358, 328, 313, 44219, 9956, 582, 776, 806, 10733, 302, 293, 12480, 8614, 285, 12913, 34598, 15, 2726, 271, 11855, 43271, 412, 17603, 285, 24340, 6363, 285, 1375, 14, 273, 14, 783, 14, 435, 2534, 13, 359, 588, 969, 34647, 271, 12994, 1885, 323, 776, 12958, 15, 12772, 19065, 8614, 13, 534, 588, 320, 4441, 275, 23203, 276, 7112, 13, 36546, 588, 1527, 4260, 9169, 15, 4129, 359, 2550, 17611, 1199, 625, 387, 436, 1127, 13, 359, 452, 1142, 625, 12302, 6493, 275, 253, 15722, 323, 18997, 8614, 3607, 15, 24305, 10367, 30601, 272, 187, 187, 24305, 10367, 30601, 272, 310, 271, 22018, 1055, 13, 2326, 275, 1029, 2341, 8166, 20435, 15, 733, 310, 253, 906, 273, 253, 14561, 5016, 273, 8166, 7742, 342, 253, 18634, 4646, 13, 3798, 2329, 13, 534, 310, 16934, 407, 253, 11058, 273, 247, 6919, 273, 253, 7742, 15, 380, 2408, 273, 2341, 19360, 310, 247, 1159, 273, 253, 8166, 11225, 15, 380, 1307, 346, 35684, 30601, 272, 3, 310, 2223, 908, 281, 6266, 667, 1511, 273, 1881, 14, 6367, 346, 35684, 22841, 3, 273, 8166, 7742, 15, 187, 187, 5035, 671, 187, 40347, 34877, 1055, 187, 187, 4941, 1744, 12593, 187, 187, 1413, 27, 45, 12290, 5859, 187, 1413, 27, 11592, 8172, 35353, 50, 27, 187, 187, 7992, 974, 253, 8642, 9701, 14452, 281, 271, 3605, 275, 247, 4972, 187, 187, 42, 452, 247, 4972, 273, 2978, 427, 13, 285, 247, 3632, 3605, 801, 275, 326, 4972, 15, 187, 42, 651, 751, 281, 4908, 253, 1903, 8642, 14452, 13, 275, 253, 954, 13123, 1039, 1896, 13, 281, 801, 275, 253, 954, 5919, 1039, 13, 824, 347, 417, 281, 564, 4457, 253, 2978, 273, 253, 3236, 4972, 13, 285, 671, 417, 755, 4016, 14452, 15, 187, 32896, 27, 187, 338, 427, 426, 1052, 13, 285, 801, 426, 1749, 13, 309, 651, 751, 281, 4908, 21732, 27, 1518, 15, 187, 338, 801, 426, 495, 13, 253, 906, 943, 320, 337, 27, 883, 15, 187, 338, 801, 426, 23627, 13, 253, 906, 943, 320, 21732, 27, 1518, 15, 187, 42, 476, 513, 352, 342, 604, 533, 3133, 281, 31334, 27, 187, 567, 426, 1159, 9, 527, 13, 427, 910, 187, 50276, 24260, 426, 618, 377, 314, 9, 527, 13, 1159, 9, 89, 10, 260, 4464 ]	\>5 tablets/week). The authors reported no overall differences in CD4 and HIV RNA in the active and placebo arms but there was lower initial plasma HIV RNA among participants with evidence of higher adherence compared to those with lower or no drug detected, however this difference was not sustained at later time points.\[[@pone.0178594.ref017]\] Interestingly, investigators from the Partners PrEP study have recently reported a similar finding of lower initial HIV RNA and viral set point among HIV seroconverters with detectable plasma tenofovir levels compared to placebo.\[[@pone.0178594.ref024]\] Taken collectively, these two observations suggest that some impact of tenofovir on plasma viral load may be seen with higher adherence though the frequency, duration and clinical relevance of this occurrence are not yet well understood. There are several potential reasons why we and others have observed little impact of tenofovir-containing PrEP on HIV disease progression. The most compelling reason is that in efficacy studies to date, only a minority of participants with seroconversion had detectable tenofovir at the time of seroconversion, and in many cases, adherence to the study product among those who seroconverted was poor throughout the trial period.\[[@pone.0178594.ref025]\] Thus there is minimal drug present with limited or no effect on the disease condition and rare development of drug resistance mutations.\[[@pone.0178594.ref015]\] Additionally, the currently approved medications for PrEP have relatively short half-life thus limiting exposure to the antiretroviral during periods of nonadherence. It will be critical to perform careful follow-up of participants who become infected during studies of investigational long acting depot formulations such as rilpivirine and cabotegravir due to the prolonged but sub-therapeutic plasma levels that are observed with these drugs after discontinuation of injections.\[[@pone.0178594.ref026], [@pone.0178594.ref027]\] The findings of our study were limited by the low overall study product adherence in MTN-003.\[[@pone.0178594.ref009]\] When our analysis was restricted to the oral TDF/FTC participants with tenofovir detected at the first quarterly study visit, we again found no differences in disease progression; however, statistical power was limited, and unfortunately we did not have available samples for measurement of intracellular concentrations of tenofovir and emtricitabine, or for evaluation of drug concentrations at the time of first detection of seroconversion in most participants. Detailed analysis of the VOICE pharmacokinetic data has established that the majority of participants with detectable levels at the first quarterly time point will have detectable levels at subsequent visits.\[[@pone.0178594.ref028]\] Additionally, we were not able to assess for differences in HIV disease progression by HIV clade due to small numbers of participants infected with non-clade C virus; however, previous studies have demonstrated no differences in viral load by clade.\[[@pone.0178594.ref029]\] In summary, we observed similar HIV disease outcomes in women who were receiving tenofovir-based oral or vaginal pre-exposure prophylaxis compared to placebo in the MTN-003 trial--similar to other studies these data are limited by the overall low adherence to the study products. Although reassuring, longitudinal follow-up of seroconverters from ongoing and future trials of antiretroviral drugs used for prevention are necessary to inform policy and best practices for PrEP. Supporting information {#sec018} ====================== ###### Ethic committees and institutional review boards that provided study approval. (DOCX) ###### Click here for additional data file. The MTN-015 protocol team wishes to thank the study volunteers for their dedicated participation. We gratefully acknowledge the study staff from 15 participating Clinical Research Sites, the MTN Data Management and Statistical Center for data management, and the VOICE protocol team (Co-Chairs Jeanne Marrazzo and Mike Chirenje). The Microbicide Trials Network is funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (UM1AI068633, UM1AI068615, UM1AI106707), with co-funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Institute of Mental Health, all components of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. [^1]: Competing Interests:The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. [^2]: Conceptualization: SAR LL JB.Data curation: KP.Formal analysis: MH JB.Investigation: GR A. Premrajh BOT A. Pather SS NJ GN PS SK TP-P RP FM.Methodology: SAR LL KP EL.Project administration: SAR LL EL KP VE JB.Resources: GR A. Premrajh BOT A. Pather SS NJ GN PS SK TP-P RP FM.Software: MH JB.Supervision: SAR JB.Writing -- original draft: SAR.Writing -- review & editing: MH GR A. Premrajh BOT A. Pather SS NJ GN PS SK TP-P RP FM LL EL KP VE. ACCORHOTELS AND AMBASSADOR GROUP BUILD ON PARTNERSHIP IN KOREA Vincent Lelay, Vice President Operations at AccorHotels Ambassador Korea, says business is expanding very fast in the luxury to upscale hotel categories Accor Ambassador Korea Hotel Management Co., Ltd, established in 2006, is a joint venture built in partnership between the AccorHotels and the Ambassador Group. Vincent Lelay, is Vice President Operations at AccorHotels Ambassador Korea. We asked him to tell us more about the partnership… OUR PORTFOLIO OF BRANDS ENCOMPASSES FROM LUXURY TO ECONOMY We offer propitious partnerships by integrating hotel owners’ needs, market analysis, and regional expertise through management, franchise or lease contract. Accor Ambassador Korea, which is a joint venture company, represents both hotel groups in Korea. Ambassador Group has grown into becoming the leading local hotel group and has the most extensive knowledge on the local market. With AccorHotels’ global network, extensive brand portfolio, strong sales distribution platform and management know-how, we have the best partnership to operate successfully in South Korea. Together, we will maintain our leading position in the hotel industry and further develop hotels especially in the luxury and upscale hotel categories. What does the portfolio consist of? The company currently operates 24 hotels in six cities (Seoul, Suwon, Incheon, Daegu, Changwon, and Busan). Our portfolio of brands encompasses from luxury to economy, including currently Pullman, Grand Mercure, Novotel Suites, Novotel, Mercure, ibis Styles, ibis, and ibis Budget. Accor Ambassador Korea is the largest hotel operator in Korea with more than 7,000 rooms, 2,000 employees and is also the only international hotel operator with a regional operational headquarters located in Seoul. How could you best describe your current offering in this market? Currently, we have a very strong positioning in the market specifically within midscale to economy hotel categories. We were the first international hotel brand to pioneer the economy hotel sector and to successfully become the leading hotel economy brand with ibis family brands. Novotel also has a strong presence in Korea with two new flagships recently opened in Seoul. We are also now expanding very fast in luxury to upscale hotel categories with the opening of our most recent project, Seoul Dragon City. This magnificent “hotel-plex” opened its door in October 2017, with 1,700 rooms and four distinct AccorHotels brands. What is your roadmap – especially for luxury properties — in this region? This July, we are opening the Novotel Ambassador Seoul Dongdaemun (523 rooms), our first Novotel mixing hotel and residence hospitality. With an exclusive rooftop outdoor and indoor pool and state- of-the-art bar, we will again showcase an attractive product for our guests. Fairmont hotel, which will be located in Yeouido, Seoul will open mid 2020. Although we cannot disclose much more at this point, we have many more exciting projects in the pipeline for luxury hotel properties.Thermal blooming Thermal blooming is an atmospheric effect, seen in high energy laser beams. It is the result of the nonlinear interaction of laser radiation with the propagation medium, usually air, which is heated by the absorption of a fraction of the radiation. The amount of energy absorbed is a function of the laser wavelength. The term "thermal blooming" is often used to describe any type of self-induced "thermal distortion" of laser radiation. See also Optical Kerr effect References Category:Laser science Category:Nonlinear opticsQ: Extract the closest adjacent indices to an index in a vector I have a vector of length N, and a random index ind in that vector. I would like to extract the 11 closest indices, in the most symmetric way possible, to ind in the most efficient way, such as not to go beyond the length of the original vector, and also not get negative indices. Examples: if N = 200, and ind = 199, I would like to extract 190:200. if ind = 3, the result should be 1:11. if ind = 195, the result should be 190:200. I can do it with if but seems to inefficient: ff = function(ind, N){ vv = sapply(ind, function(x) c((
[ 2032, 13, 533, 368, 476, 897, 247, 258, 2703, 4963, 281, 2794, 368, 2876, 275, 253, 5133, 187, 493, 804, 4963, 5542, 28, 187, 187, 4963, 5291, 821, 18, 5291, 821, 19, 5291, 821, 20, 5291, 3966, 28, 187, 187, 5872, 368, 476, 3491, 253, 941, 432, 253, 2876, 4963, 715, 253, 1018, 475, 347, 3058, 15, 535, 187, 44496, 329, 15, 19, 69, 31499, 313, 9755, 10, 187, 688, 294, 10092, 329, 15, 44471, 3269, 38, 13, 6798, 273, 253, 2111, 273, 10200, 21231, 284, 28, 17538, 32665, 4412, 28, 36055, 864, 90, 3928, 15, 187, 2302, 15, 721, 34166, 16261, 15, 187, 18336, 273, 32665, 15292, 47890, 273, 11637, 15, 187, 22423, 1458, 13, 6469, 15, 187, 11, 22000, 9613, 27, 416, 1556, 6663, 500, 15, 9975, 2697, 1194, 48, 13, 367, 15, 43, 904, 378, 1139, 47, 9051, 378, 15, 12838, 2350, 35, 2025, 4827, 13, 47305, 6392, 40, 11502, 15293, 13, 10512, 904, 47079, 6366, 367, 15, 388, 1372, 40, 2697, 13, 29120, 1922, 1843, 473, 8, 1843, 11164, 13, 6202, 35, 6159, 38, 473, 8, 2573, 2293, 322, 43578, 4280, 13, 500, 37743, 444, 15, 8728, 1719, 29587, 13, 20152, 2354, 6663, 329, 15, 31604, 37453, 58, 13, 25544, 15, 187, 4350, 2697, 1194, 48, 13, 6798, 15, 187, 187, 42, 15, 2949, 3125, 47965, 15258, 12229, 17260, 187, 187, 8639, 253, 2111, 310, 253, 13786, 273, 253, 32665, 36052, 5986, 323, 271, 5383, 303, 9700, 475, 19569, 12017, 33965, 21485, 13, 10092, 329, 15, 500, 23510, 13, 432, 521, 12379, 3906, 1293, 2075, 15, 380, 5986, 14993, 436, 9700, 762, 14108, 657, 13, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 10, 273, 253, 11637, 10350, 15, 2064, 2593, 3400, 27, 187, 20108, 281, 247, 4854, 13, 253, 1302, 778, 2523, 271, 26964, 1340, 25091, 253, 13394, 13, 342, 390, 1293, 2075, 13, 273, 667, 8426, 13, 5963, 390, 8426, 273, 253, 6330, 1411, 5207, 7473, 7260, 452, 644, 4724, 342, 253, 1302, 407, 253, 4450, 390, 1411, 5207, 556, 644, 4724, 271, 17612, 390, 1491, 16153, 247, 17974, 15, 743, 26964, 1340, 762, 436, 12494, 3091, 417, 320, 2783, 247, 2457, 1340, 432, 534, 271, 4549, 778, 320, 2668, 15, 187, 187, 2267, 15, 401, 9816, 19212, 3481, 10601, 1647, 187, 187, 41359, 290, 310, 247, 38597, 14, 43514, 5963, 273, 253, 2111, 273, 10200, 21231, 284, 273, 36055, 864, 90, 3928, 285, 556, 2918, 326, 3906, 1580, 4247, 337, 13, 12210, 15, 187, 2374, 4223, 854, 13, 6752, 344, 369, 7169, 10656, 3553, 342, 2075, 407, 1340, 273, 253, 3918, 6798, 273, 36055, 864, 90, 3928, 15, 187, 2374, 4397, 1722, 13, 6752, 13, 21485, 369, 38455, 407, 247, 8481, 41670, 275, 253, 1986, 2077, 4412, 2111, 323, 253, 6359, 4412, 273, 11637, 15, 380, 17612, 7260, 326, 253, 21485, 27, 187, 18, 15, 322, 3422, 959, 2583, 275, 253, 3045, 273, 521, 12379, 12803, 15, 187, 19, 15, 27398, 456, 253, 24756, 1768, 3162, 407, 1021, 9564, 313, 66, 17974, 582, 347, 326, 1307, 310, 2931, 275, 13927, 1283, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 6307, 13, 5238, 25124, 9, 67, 2769, 19, 582, 275, 326, 21485, 26854, 959, 7830, 273, 2583, 432, 247, 7832, 275, 253, 48261, 13, 10400, 4742, 13, 48408, 285, 5219, 13, 367, 15, 45, 15, 1569, 5882, 342, 247, 2022, 3906, 387, 884, 1229, 17538, 14216, 13, 22119, 13, 11637, 13, 534, 840, 574, 247, 6832, 1180, 273, 2219, 13910, 1078, 253, 21485, 15, 3900, 26841, 253, 8411, 273, 253, 24756, 1768, 3162, 13, 253, 21485, 17257, 595, 2529, 521, 346, 24286, 1232, 3, 281, 253, 1840, 5393, 7832, 347, 346, 12784, 7909, 285, 9676, 16352, 2299, 13, 275, 15866, 273, 436, 3367, 6803, 273, 1869, 13, 253, 21485, 5907, 346, 328, 39792, 3606, 2289, 3, 281, 253, 7832, 323, 346, 911, 17532, 3, 3057, 15, 187, 20, 15, 380, 1840, 4179, 310, 25082, 347, 247, 17974, 21854, 494, 407, 247, 4869, 273, 6818, 313, 938, 10, 1107, 19841, 15, 187, 2374, 4437, 1668, 13, 6752, 247, 17402, 7022, 17612, 369, 6808, 407, 253, 8481, 41670, 16153, 326, 253, 21485, 27, 187, 18, 15, 322, 3422, 959, 2583, 275, 253, 3045, 273, 521, 12379, 12803, 15, 187, 19, 15, 27398, 456, 253, 24756, 1768, 3162, 407, 1021, 9564, 313, 66, 17974, 10, 347, 326, 1307, 310, 2931, 275, 13927, 1283, 13, 1986, 2077, 6307, 13, 5238, 25124, 9, 67, 2769, 19, 582, 275, 326, 13, 21485, 26854, 959, 7830, 273, 2583, 417, 1955, 779, 390, 521, 3906, 432, 42266, 13140, 2146, 13, 247, 7832, 275, 253, 2639, 375, 13890, 13, 13140, 2146, 13, 3044, 53, 1321, 11943, 13, 285, 1716, 14889, 1569, 5882, 13, 534, 840, 574, 247, 6832, 1180, 273, 2219, 13910, 1078, 253, 21485, 15, 187, 20, 15, 27398, 456, 253, 24756, 1768, 3162, 407, 1021, 9564, 313, 66, 17974, 10, 347, 326, 1307, 310, 2931, 275, 13927, 1283, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 6307, 13, 5238, 25124, 9, 67, 2769, 19, 582, 275, 326, 13, 21485, 9919, 281, 4044, 2867, 275, 253, 830, 273, 7830, 417, 1955, 779, 432, 247, 1569, 5882, 7832, 13, 342, 521, 7578, 13, 5802, 407, 253, 32288, 897, 273, 4709, 13, 326, 310, 13, 21485, 858, 37391, 7830, 273, 4832, 1329, 323, 521, 2021, 285, 671, 8410, 323, 2994, 846, 38886, 13, 432, 253, 18979, 42266, 13140, 2146, 13, 247, 7832, 275, 253, 2639, 375, 13890, 13, 1162, 355, 15, 1569, 5882, 13, 275, 6431, 323, 253, 21485, 434, 26037, 420, 273, 13140, 2146, 434, 2554, 275, 253, 1021, 9564, 7830, 281, 21485, 347, 873, 6593, 275, 8240, 374, 273, 253, 5887, 398, 7022, 2102, 882, 420, 15, 2064, 4179, 310, 25082, 347, 247, 17974, 13, 21854, 494, 475, 27348, 407, 247, 4869, 273, 6818, 313, 938, 10, 1107, 19841, 15, 187, 21, 15, 380, 1840, 4179, 310, 25082, 347, 247, 17974, 21854, 494, 407, 247, 4869, 273, 6818, 313, 938, 10, 1107, 19841, 15, 187, 187, 8296, 15, 15724, 28175, 187, 187, 8457, 15825, 942, 452, 644, 4724, 1411, 21485, 16153, 779, 342, 11664, 19844, 13, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 10, 273, 14108, 657, 273, 253, 10350, 2488, 4219, 436, 2111, 281, 4901, 271, 26964, 1340, 1024, 12555, 40844, 281, 247, 4854, 12555, 5167, 1946, 779, 342, 390, 1293, 2075, 15, 187, 510, 10281, 26340, 273, 9725, 13, 14631, 436, 2111, 273, 32665, 15292, 47890, 13, 1718, 436, 2111, 342, 6265, 281, 4901, 767, 1027, 3510, 273, 7367, 15, 187, 510, 806, 12555, 783, 1511, 359, 403, 954, 7208, 9521, 281, 4901, 12555, 261, 271, 1340, 23254, 247, 25162, 1411, 247, 12379, 5908, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 1340, 310, 14047, 407, 14108, 657, 13, 3015, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 273, 253, 10350, 285, 310, 281, 320, 5966, 275, 2219, 835, 253, 5986, 556, 4724, 7473, 7260, 13, 285, 760, 846, 346, 66, 4854, 390, 26388, 449, 5238, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 671, 28251, 2176, 3570, 281, 534, 12379, 6251, 3091, 320, 7429, 275, 824, 26388, 15, 45380, 762, 3015, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 403, 2457, 285, 4549, 494, 15, 187, 510, 1273, 1511, 273, 1340, 534, 253, 10350, 802, 39969, 436, 2111, 281, 4901, 310, 14047, 407, 14108, 657, 13, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 481, 2053, 7367, 403, 49879, 346, 2388, 303, 7367, 3, 285, 403, 14047, 281, 320, 5966, 346, 40844, 281, 247, 4854, 449, 2053, 7367, 403, 417, 2457, 285, 403, 417, 4549, 494, 15, 187, 1231, 2186, 326, 253, 3570, 873, 562, 275, 3015, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 347, 2130, 281, 12379, 6251, 275, 10061, 4283, 281, 2457, 7367, 273, 17634, 403, 417, 2130, 275, 26964, 10061, 762, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 481, 380, 7936, 10281, 6974, 2297, 684, 667, 643, 6452, 15, 844, 671, 2186, 326, 326, 10281, 6974, 275, 642, 1039, 745, 1727, 667, 689, 855, 272, 10732, 273, 1955, 1232, 534, 778, 320, 753, 281, 15313, 432, 253, 45866, 3360, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 390, 273, 11637, 15, 187, 12612, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 273, 14108, 657, 3400, 27, 187, 28050, 253, 12108, 273, 7473, 7260, 342, 253, 1302, 407, 253, 4450, 13, 253, 1302, 3091, 25122, 10130, 247, 4854, 390, 26388, 281, 3653, 1880, 247, 25162, 943, 320, 11295, 1411, 247, 8426, 13, 5963, 390, 8426, 273, 253, 6330, 10376, 281, 253, 10067, 273, 436, 2593, 15, 380, 1302, 3091, 320, 247, 1302, 273, 1924, 13, 342, 512, 253, 33482, 12803, 285, 9136, 4569, 281, 697, 1159, 15, 401, 1939, 7260, 4724, 342, 253, 1302, 3091, 320, 247, 2647, 273, 1345, 1924, 15, 1876, 26388, 5196, 407, 253, 1302, 3091, 320, 1345, 10061, 5196, 10376, 281, 253, 4803, 8671, 407, 253, 1302, 285, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 9241, 273, 1955, 1232, 285, 253, 1569, 273, 1941, 15, 44340, 15602, 1078, 253, 1302, 3091, 452, 247, 987, 281, 8900, 10376, 281, 253, 4803, 8671, 407, 253, 1302, 285, 3091, 452, 253, 987, 281, 36674, 12170, 285, 281, 30705, 253, 3275, 273, 7177, 13, 5098, 13, 8553, 285, 643, 5861, 347, 4623, 15, 380, 2256, 273, 253, 7260, 3091, 320, 24874, 15377, 275, 667, 12162, 1078, 253, 1302, 13, 285, 253, 4450, 3091, 452, 253, 7977, 273, 18597, 253, 7260, 407, 2590, 285, 21414, 1941, 15, 1876, 7089, 273, 253, 1302, 3091, 320, 275, 4028, 285, 3091, 3831, 4342, 273, 958, 285, 11815, 273, 1569, 15, 329, 3061, 273, 253, 1302, 778, 1340, 8570, 432, 3906, 13, 13394, 13, 260, 5358, 390, 643, 17518, 347, 14047, 407, 436, 2593, 285, 347, 26085, 407, 253, 1924, 15, 187, 1147, 310, 4755, 326, 253, 10067, 273, 436, 2593, 13, 1690, 1110, 31238, 2710, 3570, 281, 320, 26299, 253, 2256, 273, 253, 7260, 13, 403, 6034, 281, 4647, 275, 2219, 835, 7473, 7260, 452, 644, 4724, 285, 835, 253, 2111, 310, 2546, 346, 936, 3653, 1880, 247, 25162, 943, 320, 11295, 449, 475, 20207, 380, 17634, 11295, 762, 436, 2593, 403, 2457, 12555, 1439, 26964, 15, 733, 310, 417, 10084, 326, 13, 275, 824, 247, 3634, 13, 253, 6536, 699, 84, 273, 253, 10350, 651, 2430, 326, 9241, 273, 1955, 1232, 320, 2540, 390, 326, 253, 15587, 320, 24874, 15377, 390, 326, 253, 7977, 273, 4737, 320, 2590, 285, 21414, 1941, 15, 187, 1147, 310, 671, 4755, 326, 436, 1232, 588, 1379, 673, 28, 285, 13, 604, 247, 25162, 310, 1119, 281, 320, 1925, 323, 13, 247, 4858, 4854, 588, 320, 2424, 281, 3653, 253, 4569, 25162, 13, 534, 588, 1379, 625, 673, 13, 285, 604, 271, 4549, 432, 247, 2457, 1340, 273, 25162, 310, 2668, 281, 253, 6413, 2111, 13, 436, 588, 1379, 1014, 625, 673, 15, 187, 1231, 2868, 326, 352, 310, 4755, 326, 352, 369, 253, 8981, 326, 6832, 673, 651, 7933, 1509, 875, 253, 673, 247, 12379, 5908, 369, 6636, 285, 253, 673, 672, 271, 1340, 273, 8570, 390, 13394, 812, 320, 37099, 13, 326, 1607, 5911, 253, 6536, 699, 84, 281, 2085, 323, 253, 866, 15576, 784, 5857, 273, 346, 2388, 303, 7367, 937, 285, 594, 597, 858, 13, 275, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 10, 273, 14108, 657, 15, 733, 369, 760, 407, 25145, 272, 436, 2111, 281, 32407, 346, 40844, 281, 247, 4854, 937, 891, 15, 70, 904, 1293, 247, 4854, 13, 326, 253, 12974, 273, 253, 12379, 985, 812, 320, 4999, 4297, 13073, 1309, 436, 26964, 2180, 15, 733, 310, 4879, 326, 253, 6536, 699, 84, 14047, 253, 5857, 273, 26964, 7367, 760, 275, 2219, 835, 253, 5986, 556, 2168, 4724, 7473, 7260, 285, 10061, 762, 3015, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 403, 30361, 13, 285, 275, 2219, 835, 247, 12379, 5908, 556, 644, 6636, 275, 346, 266, 17612, 390, 1491, 544, 3113, 62, 247, 17974, 449, 733, 369, 275, 1110, 2219, 835, 253, 6536, 699, 84, 12351, 253, 878, 281, 2085, 436, 2111, 342, 253, 6265, 323, 8993, 390, 866, 15576, 784, 13394, 275, 1340, 281, 247, 1748, 10021, 1345, 13071, 534, 778, 956, 604, 247, 12379, 5908, 6636, 342, 4092, 19626, 7788, 327, 253, 10955, 390, 7788, 327, 253, 1345, 36590, 15, 187, 18336, 84, 452, 37730, 13, 285, 403, 4272, 327, 13, 253, 1953, 273, 1880, 1955, 1232, 3570, 403, 7763, 275, 253, 12379, 32873, 1232, 15, 380, 2523, 310, 3798, 3559, 347, 10568, 247, 7441, 273, 1880, 16006, 452, 247, 4209, 2867, 390, 17843, 1600, 275, 616, 14145, 281 ]	true, but you can use a ostringstream to create you string in the manner ostringstream stream; stream << val1 << val2 << val3 << etc; Then you can copy the data from the stringstream into the char * as needed. 814 A.2d 308 (2003) In re Joseph A. JAFFE, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; Fifth Judicial District; Allegheny County. No. 6 JD 02. Court of Judicial Discipline of Pennsylvania. January 15, 2003. 309 Before: RALPH J. SPOSATO, P.J., BONNIE B. LEADBETTER, SAL COGNETTI, Jr., ROBERT P. HORGOS, MICHELE O'LEARY, DEBBIE O'DELL SENECA, JAMES E. BEASLEY, JOSEPH A. HALESEY, JJ. SPOSATO, Judge. I. INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT Before the Court is the Petition of the Judicial Conduct Board for an Interim Order 310 Suspending Respondent, Joseph A. Jaffe, from his judicial office without pay. The Board seeks this Order under Article V, § 18(d)(2) of the Pennsylvania Constitution. That section provides: Prior to a hearing, the court may issue an interim order directing the suspension, with or without pay, of any justice, judge or justice of the peace against whom formal charges have been filed with the court by the board or against whom has been filed an indictment or information charging a felony. An interim order under this paragraph shall not be considered a final order from which an appeal may be taken. II. FINDINGS OF FACT Respondent is a duly-elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County and has held that office since January 1, 1985. On August 8, 2002 he was granted administrative leave with pay by order of the President Judge of Allegheny County. On September 17, 2002, Respondent was indicted by a Grand Jury in the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania. The indictment charges that the Respondent: 1. Solicited money in the performance of his judicial duties. 2. Violated the Hobbs Act by extortion (a felony), as that term is defined in Title 18 of the United States Code, Section 1951(b)(2), in that Respondent solicited payment of money from a partner in the Goldberg, Persky, Jennings and White, P.L. law firm with a main office at 1030 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which then had a substantial number of cases pending before the Respondent. While committing the violation of the Hobbs Act, the Respondent verbally described his "thought process" to the above mentioned partner as "immoral and illegal;" however, in spite of this personal assessment of thought, the Respondent offered "unfettered access" to the partner for "ex parte" contact. 3. The above charge is graded as a felony punishable by a maximum of twenty (20) years imprisonment. On October 16, 2002 a superseding indictment was issued by the Grand Jury charging that the Respondent: 1. Solicited money in the performance of his judicial duties. 2. Violated the Hobbs Act by extortion (a felony) as that term is defined in Title 18, United States Code, Section 1951(b)(2), in that, Respondent solicited payment of money not due him or his office from Edwin Beachler, a partner in the Caroselli, Beachler, McTiernan, and Conboy law firm, which then had a substantial number of cases pending before the Respondent. 3. Violated the Hobbs Act by extortion (a felony) as that term is defined in Title 18 of the United States Code, Section 1951(b)(2), in that, Respondent attempted to obtain property in the form of payment not due him from a law firm partner, with his consent, induced by the wrongful use of fear, that is, Respondent did solicit payment of financial support for his family and also employment for himself after incarceration, from the aforementioned Edwin Beachler, a partner in the Caroselli, et al. law firm, in exchange for the Respondent's concealment of Beachler's role in the extortion payment to Respondent as set forth in Count 2 of the Superseding Indictment. That charge is graded as a felony, punishable 311 by a maximum of twenty (20) years imprisonment. 4. The above charge is graded as a felony punishable by a maximum of twenty (20) years imprisonment. III. DISCUSSION Because indictments have been filed against Respondent charging him with felonies, § 18(d)(2) of Article V of the Constitution authorizes this Court to enter an interim order nowprior to a hearing suspending him with or without pay. The constitutional amendments of 1993, establishing this Court of Judicial Discipline, invest this Court with authority to enter two different types of orders. The firstthe type we are most frequently requested to enteris an order imposing a sanction against a judicial officer. This type of order is authorized by Article V, § 18(b)(5) of the Constitution and is to be entered in cases where the Board has filed formal charges, and only after "a hearing or hearings." Section 18(b)(5) also specifies certain rights to which judicial officers shall be entitled in such hearings. Orders under § 18(b)(5) are final and appealable. The second type of order which the Constitution empowers this Court to enter is authorized by Article V, § 18(d)(2). These orders are styled "interim orders" and are authorized to be entered "prior to a hearing." These orders are not final and are not appealable. We hold that the rights set out in § 18(b)(5) as available to judicial officers in proceedings leading to final orders of sanctions are not available in interim proceedings under § 18(d)(2). The fundamental constitutional scheme negates any other conclusion. We also hold that that constitutional scheme in no way offends any overweening notion of due process which may be said to derive from the Constitutions of the United States or of Pennsylvania. Section 18(b)(5) of Article V provides: Upon the filing of formal charges with the court by the board, the court shall promptly schedule a hearing or hearings to determine whether a sanction should be imposed against a justice, judge or justice of the peace pursuant to the provisions of this section. The court shall be a court of record, with all the attendant duties and powers appropriate to its function. Formal charges filed with the court shall be a matter of public record. All hearings conducted by the court shall be public proceedings conducted pursuant to the rules adopted by the court and in accordance with the principles of due process and the law of evidence. Parties appearing before the court shall have a right to discovery pursuant to the rules adopted by the court and shall have the right to subpoena witnesses and to compel the production of documents, books, accounts and other records as relevant. The subject of the charges shall be presumed innocent in any proceeding before the court, and the board shall have the burden of proving the charges by clear and convincing evidence. All decisions of the court shall be in writing and shall contain findings of fact and conclusions of law. A decision of the court may order removal from office, suspension, censure or other discipline as authorized by this section and as warranted by the record. It is obvious that the provisions of this section, including those specifying various rights to be afforded the subject of the charges, are intended to apply in cases where formal charges have been filed and where the Court is asked "to determine whether a sanction should be imposed." 312 The sanctions imposed under this section are finalnot interim. It is not surprising that, in such a context, the drafters of the Constitution would require that principles of due process be observed or that the respondent be presumed innocent or that the burden of proof be clear and convincing evidence. It is also obvious that this process will take time; and, if a sanction is found to be called for, a separate hearing will be required to determine the appropriate sanction, which will take more time, and if an appeal from a final order of sanction is taken to the Supreme Court, this will take even more time. We believe that it is obvious that it was the recognition that substantial time would necessarily pass between the time a judicial officer was charged and the time when an order of removal or suspension could be effected, that impelled the drafters to provide for the expeditious entry of "interim orders," and so they did, in § 18(d)(2) of Article V. It was only by empowering this Court to suspend "prior to a hearing," i.e., without a hearing, that the integrity of the judicial system could be safeguarded during this interim period. It is noted that the drafters authorized the entry of interim orders only in cases where the Board has already filed formal charges and proceedings under § 18(b)(5) are underway, and in cases where a judicial officer has been charged in "an indictment or information [with] a felony." It was in those cases where the drafters perceived the need to provide this Court with the authority for immediate or expeditious suspension in order to avert adverse public perception which may follow if a judicial officer charged with serious offenses continues on the bench or continues on the public payroll. Courts have debated, and are divided on, the question of whether due process rights are applicable in the judicial disciplinary process. The issue is usually presented as requiring a determination of whether judges have a sufficient property or liberty interest in their offices to
[ 16913, 16913, 187, 187, 7559, 7480, 3602, 313, 18221, 13, 11758, 10, 1712, 2420, 13585, 463, 297, 5056, 94, 187, 49915, 535, 50276, 15879, 15369, 28527, 6557, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 48, 18, 50264, 18, 15, 26, 3655, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 34, 50262, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 18, 50264, 19, 15, 13397, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 35, 50262, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50264, 19, 15, 17271, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 36, 50262, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 20, 50264, 19, 15, 37684, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 50263, 18, 15, 48219, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 21, 50264, 19, 15, 16271, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 50263, 18, 15, 45225, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 36, 746, 50265, 18, 15, 23360, 575, 9, 23, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 41, 740, 50263, 18, 15, 1418, 187, 50276, 48, 19, 1532, 36, 746, 50265, 18, 15, 26560, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 36, 18, 50264, 18, 15, 24333, 575, 9, 23, 10, 50273, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 36, 1166, 50265, 18, 15, 27101, 575, 9, 23, 10, 50273, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 47, 50265, 17, 15, 39027, 575, 9, 740, 10, 50274, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 19, 1532, 36, 20, 50264, 18, 15, 31408, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 19, 1532, 36, 21, 50264, 18, 15, 5388, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1047, 50263, 18, 15, 43523, 575, 9, 25, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 47, 50265, 17, 15, 34802, 575, 9, 740, 10, 50274, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1036, 50263, 18, 15, 42215, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 25, 50264, 18, 15, 30626, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1010, 50263, 18, 15, 42980, 575, 9, 25, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 50265, 18, 15, 37972, 575, 9, 23, 10, 50273, 36, 1047, 1532, 41, 1047, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 47, 50265, 17, 15, 34384, 575, 9, 740, 10, 50274, 36, 1047, 1532, 41, 1047, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 805, 50265, 18, 15, 31819, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1047, 1532, 41, 1047, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 1012, 50265, 18, 15, 39849, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1010, 1532, 41, 1010, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 21, 1532, 41, 21, 47, 50265, 17, 15, 43277, 575, 9, 740, 10, 50274, 36, 1010, 1532, 41, 1010, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 36, 19, 50264, 18, 15, 43523, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1010, 1532, 41, 1010, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 36, 20, 50264, 18, 15, 44219, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 36, 1036, 1532, 36, 1166, 50263, 18, 15, 42215, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 50264, 18, 15, 1418, 50270, 36, 1036, 1532, 41, 1036, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 1036, 1532, 41, 1036, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 1166, 1532, 36, 1093, 50263, 18, 15, 43171, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 36, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 1166, 1532, 41, 1166, 50263, 18, 15, 1418, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 50270, 36, 1093, 1532, 41, 1093, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 50270, 36, 1093, 1532, 41, 1093, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 36, 23, 50264, 18, 15, 42949, 575, 9, 26, 10, 50273, 36, 1093, 1532, 41, 1093, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 36, 24, 50264, 18, 15, 42215, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 36, 746, 1532, 36, 938, 50263, 18, 15, 31699, 575, 9, 25, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 36, 22, 50264, 18, 15, 34458, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 36, 938, 1532, 41, 938, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 22, 1532, 41, 22, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 938, 1532, 41, 938, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 22, 1532, 41, 22, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 938, 1532, 41, 938, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 22, 1532, 41, 22, 36, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 2019, 1532, 48, 23, 50261, 18, 15, 25569, 575, 9, 22, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 23, 1532, 41, 23, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 2019, 1532, 48, 20, 50261, 18, 15, 30977, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 23, 1532, 41, 23, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 2019, 1532, 48, 21, 50261, 18, 15, 28418, 575, 9, 22, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 23, 1532, 41, 23, 36, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 2019, 1532, 48, 22, 50261, 18, 15, 29579, 575, 9, 22, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 24, 1532, 36, 25, 50264, 18, 15, 36002, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 2019, 18, 1532, 48, 1010, 50263, 18, 15, 20680, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 24, 1532, 41, 24, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 50270, 2019, 18, 1532, 48, 1036, 50263, 18, 15, 36677, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 24, 1532, 41, 24, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 50270, 2019, 18, 1532, 48, 1012, 50263, 18, 15, 30977, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 36, 26, 50264, 18, 15, 30626, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 2019, 18, 1532, 48, 1047, 50263, 18, 15, 30413, 575, 9, 25, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 41, 25, 50264, 18, 15, 1418, 50254, 50270, 187, 50254, 50254, 50266, 2490, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 20, 50269, 8196, 15, 2125, 575, 9, 1166, 10, 50275, 36, 24, 1532, 36, 25, 1532, 41, 25, 50266, 10655, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 18, 50269, 15144, 15, 2787, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50275, 36, 25, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 34, 50267, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 18, 50269, 12852, 15, 4196, 575, 9, 1166, 10, 50275, 36, 25, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 35, 50267, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 21, 50269, 1525, 15, 3680, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50274, 41, 26, 34, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 35, 50268, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 21, 50269, 3507, 15, 1976, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50274, 36, 25, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 36, 50267, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 21, 50269, 4739, 15, 1508, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50274, 41, 26, 34, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 36, 50268, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50269, 2511, 15, 3583, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50274, 41, 26, 35, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 36, 50268, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50269, 4529, 15, 2904, 575, 9, 1166, 10, 50274, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 50268, 14322, 15, 17, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50269, 3245, 15, 2950, 575, 9, 1166, 10, 50274, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 50268, 12224, 15, 22, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 21, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50269, 15046, 15, 2511, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50275, 36, 883, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 50269, 12852, 15, 26, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 746, 1532, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 50270, 13397, 15, 20, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 41, 740, 50268, 12347, 15, 24, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 36, 1166, 50270, 13391, 15, 22, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 883, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 41, 740, 50269, 12347, 15, 24, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 30785, 50269, 10655, 15, 23, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 36, 805, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 41, 740, 50269, 12347, 15, 24, 187, 50276, 36, 1166, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 30785, 50270, 8193, 15, 23, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 34, 50270, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 47, 50270, 12852, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 35, 50270, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 1166, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 47, 50271, 11238, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 41, 883, 34, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 35, 50271, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 47, 50270, 11335, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 36, 50270, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 36, 21, 50269, 12231, 15, 19, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 41, 883, 34, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 36, 50271, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 30785, 50269, 12172, 15, 19, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 41, 883, 35, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 36, 50271, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 30785, 50269, 12115, 15, 21, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 36, 740, 50268, 12852, 15, 20, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 47, 50270, 12172, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 34, 50269, 12852, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 47, 50270, 11335, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 34, 50270, 12852, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 47, 50270, 10768, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 35, 50269, 12852, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 50270, 14322, 15, 24, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 35, 50270, 12852, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 50269, 12231, 15, 20, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 41, 805, 34, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 35, 50271, 12347, 15, 20, 187, 50276, 36, 740, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 50270, 12852, 15, 17, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1047, 50268, 12971, 15, 23, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 47, 50270, 7749, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1036, 50268, 7749, 15, 21, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 740, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 47, 50271, 12172, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 36, 1047, 1532, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1036, 50269, 10768, 15, 25, 575, 9, 22, 10, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 47, 50270, 11335, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1010, 50268, 7749, 15, 24, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 805, 1532 ]	-------------- -------------- Geometric parameters (Å, °) {#tablewrapgeomlong} =========================== -------------------- ------------- ----------------------- ------------ Zn---O1 1.973 (4) C9---H9A 0.9800 Zn---N1 2.124 (4) C9---H9B 0.9800 Zn---N2 2.216 (4) C9---H9C 0.9800 Zn---N3 2.095 (4) C10---C11 1.521 (7) Zn---N4 2.153 (4) C10---C12 1.534 (7) O1---C19 1.286 (6) C10---H10 1.0000 O2---C19 1.261 (7) C11---H11A 0.9800 N1---C1 1.504 (6) C11---H11B 0.9800 N1---C17 1.508 (6) C11---H11C 0.9800 N1---H1N 0.882 (10) C12---H12A 0.9900 N2---C3 1.473 (7) C12---H12B 0.9900 N2---C4 1.500 (7) C13---C14 1.518 (8) N2---H2N 0.878 (10) C13---C16 1.537 (7) N3---C8 1.497 (7) C13---C15 1.535 (8) N3---C10 1.499 (6) C14---H14A 0.9800 N3---H3N 0.879 (10) C14---H14B 0.9800 N4---C12 1.478 (7) C14---H14C 0.9800 N4---C13 1.511 (7) C15---H15A 0.9800 N4---H4N 0.880 (10) C15---H15B 0.9800 C1---C2 1.518 (7) C15---H15C 0.9800 C1---C3 1.523 (8) C16---C17 1.537 (7) C1---H1 1.0000 C16---H16A 0.9900 C2---H2A 0.9800 C16---H16B 0.9900 C2---H2B 0.9800 C17---C18 1.524 (7) C2---H2C 0.9800 C17---H17 1.0000 C3---H3A 0.9900 C18---H18A 0.9800 C3---H3B 0.9900 C18---H18B 0.9800 C4---C6 1.528 (9) C18---H18C 0.9800 C4---C7 1.537 (8) C19---C20 1.476 (8) C4---C5 1.540 (8) C20---H20A 0.9800 C5---H5A 0.9800 C20---H20B 0.9800 C5---H5B 0.9800 C20---H20C 0.9800 C5---H5C 0.9800 Cl---O6 1.420 (5) C6---H6A 0.9800 Cl---O3 1.415 (4) C6---H6B 0.9800 Cl---O4 1.422 (5) C6---H6C 0.9800 Cl---O5 1.484 (5) C7---C8 1.559 (8) Cl1---O15 1.405 (7) C7---H7A 0.9900 Cl1---O16 1.435 (7) C7---H7B 0.9900 Cl1---O13 1.415 (4) C8---C9 1.497 (8) Cl1---O14 1.474 (8) C8---H8 1.0000 O1---Zn---N3 128.04 (17) C7---C8---H8 105.8 O1---Zn---N1 121.79 (16) C8---C9---H9A 109.5 N3---Zn---N1 109.96 (17) C8---C9---H9B 109.5 O1---Zn---N4 99.58 (16) H9A---C9---H9B 109.5 N3---Zn---N4 82.75 (16) C8---C9---H9C 109.5 N1---Zn---N4 91.23 (16) H9A---C9---H9C 109.5 O1---Zn---N2 89.52 (16) H9B---C9---H9C 109.5 N3---Zn---N2 92.08 (17) N3---C10---C11 113.0 (4) N1---Zn---N2 83.46 (17) N3---C10---C12 107.5 (4) N4---Zn---N2 170.89 (16) C11---C10---C12 109.9 (4) C19---O1---Zn 124.3 (4) N3---C10---H10 108.7 C1---N1---C17 114.5 (4) C11---C10---H10 108.7 C1---N1---Zn 105.6 (3) C12---C10---H10 108.7 C17---N1---Zn 120.6 (3) C10---C11---H11A 109.5 C1---N1---H1N 109 (4) C10---C11---H11B 109.5 C17---N1---H1N 104 (4) H11A---C11---H11B 109.5 Zn---N1---H1N 102 (4) C10---C11---H11C 109.5 C3---N2---C4 117.2 (4) H11A---C11---H11C 109.5 C3---N2---Zn 103.2 (3) H11B---C11---H11C 109.5 C4---N2---Zn 119.4 (3) N4---C12---C10 109.3 (4) C3---N2---H2N 103 (4) N4---C12---H12A 109.8 C4---N2---H2N 102 (4) C10---C12---H12A 109.8 Zn---N2---H2N 111 (4) N4---C12---H12B 109.8 C8---N3---C10 113.7 (4) C10---C12---H12B 109.8 C8---N3---Zn 117.3 (3) H12A---C12---H12B 108.3 C10---N3---Zn 109.0 (3) N4---C13---C14 106.6 (4) C8---N3---H3N 110 (4) N4---C13---C16 110.4 (4) C10---N3---H3N 103 (4) C14---C13---C16 111.8 (5) Zn---N3---H3N 102 (4) N4---C13---C15 110.7 (4) C12---
[ 342, 253, 4569, 952, 281, 11322, 8213, 15, 844, 588, 417, 320, 2403, 667, 2007, 4385, 323, 4320, 4606, 1425, 187, 187, 6623, 471, 556, 3559, 2067, 4633, 5579, 2722, 15, 496, 4059, 703, 1912, 659, 1467, 314, 13516, 399, 6816, 285, 1580, 4104, 703, 556, 17386, 253, 8017, 55, 19, 6612, 921, 10540, 8451, 285, 253, 17909, 13521, 2732, 13998, 15, 187, 187, 10759, 5263, 2210, 1897, 1078, 2884, 471, 369, 1955, 281, 8778, 281, 3684, 7531, 323, 253, 8986, 10540, 8451, 2962, 13, 534, 9513, 327, 854, 4247, 15, 788, 253, 29054, 32, 187, 187, 38, 4899, 6171, 37774, 13584, 7177, 432, 616, 17396, 3270, 14, 282, 1170, 966, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 2129, 13, 5820, 387, 253, 4400, 6757, 11612, 247, 581, 14, 11964, 3733, 2282, 327, 849, 281, 3657, 31693, 281, 253, 2315, 15, 187, 187, 688, 2380, 13, 597, 10557, 1167, 375, 285, 19459, 5430, 84, 432, 253, 2282, 281, 2709, 23812, 13, 1690, 380, 7061, 13, 24197, 13, 285, 253, 23323, 5687, 15, 12766, 4173, 2959, 247, 31347, 29054, 670, 253, 966, 1078, 352, 1014, 2335, 1659, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3733, 369, 629, 273, 247, 14200, 5219, 3995, 9370, 3487, 327, 31693, 2439, 4400, 11009, 15, 11474, 954, 19809, 4750, 1053, 457, 85, 6016, 10509, 4367, 13, 6757, 6338, 3078, 281, 3657, 5820, 432, 9628, 752, 597, 1925, 773, 16894, 440, 39651, 1491, 1806, 19936, 3872, 3988, 7350, 15, 187, 187, 36442, 528, 31693, 452, 1705, 562, 273, 253, 19809, 436, 807, 13, 5068, 342, 253, 3778, 2285, 457, 84, 2098, 323, 253, 6757, 896, 275, 4247, 15, 3932, 840, 13, 253, 3420, 556, 2797, 2208, 5012, 327, 7952, 5859, 13, 3778, 457, 84, 4081, 7563, 12176, 323, 253, 6757, 13, 285, 625, 15, 187, 187, 6601, 4801, 4214, 9069, 35015, 14315, 1390, 1770, 326, 3780, 665, 31347, 7996, 2208, 1491, 651, 320, 6949, 285, 7826, 39459, 15, 187, 187, 1898, 2568, 13, 1060, 359, 403, 15, 773, 1147, 457, 84, 40066, 326, 359, 452, 271, 3270, 14, 282, 1170, 2926, 326, 310, 26415, 432, 247, 31347, 29054, 1806, 19809, 28179, 500, 23509, 37225, 2183, 253, 7061, 15, 10708, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 2566, 28, 187, 187, 2948, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 2765, 28, 187, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 8906, 15, 3207, 4976, 6155, 28, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 8906, 15, 3207, 4976, 4505, 28, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 8906, 15, 11749, 28, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 8906, 15, 5455, 12618, 28, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 4974, 2437, 273, 9423, 3207, 4976, 326, 4419, 247, 13250, 1309, 12669, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 7582, 480, 348, 6683, 187, 1738, 187, 15834, 966, 33436, 9063, 3207, 4976, 8725, 9423, 3207, 4976, 551, 187, 50274, 9486, 33436, 13250, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 8951, 4976, 4505, 11512, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 12899, 12618, 15, 11749, 1854, 12618, 11749, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 30492, 8951, 4976, 4505, 755, 14376, 4505, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 12185, 15, 788, 14376, 4505, 1082, 3613, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 2309, 2221, 15, 788, 14376, 4505, 1874, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 14626, 551, 187, 50266, 2309, 755, 11749, 5023, 11145, 1587, 257, 995, 2032, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 5834, 313, 5330, 299, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 2309, 8951, 4976, 6155, 15, 43616, 5023, 788, 14376, 1874, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 30492, 12899, 12618, 15, 11749, 755, 5455, 12618, 11749, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 3967, 12618, 11749, 2295, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 3967, 12618, 11749, 426, 12899, 12618, 15, 788, 11749, 9, 788, 14376, 4505, 1082, 3613, 3635, 3736, 755, 14376, 4505, 1082, 1163, 755, 11749, 5023, 11145, 1587, 257, 995, 2032, 4027, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 2309, 1854, 12618, 11749, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 33436, 9063, 3207, 4976, 9, 11749, 13250, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 12185, 1874, 187, 50270, 2520, 15, 20907, 426, 13250, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 8951, 4976, 4505, 755, 2632, 5336, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 20918, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 2295, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 20918, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 426, 13250, 15, 11145, 9, 788, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 5023, 788, 45408, 1838, 5715, 2032, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 2309, 11512, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 9423, 3207, 4976, 873, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 9, 3207, 4976, 4505, 260, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 13, 27921, 4610, 13, 187, 50270, 2765, 29, 9063, 9505, 31, 1896, 36655, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 12185, 15, 1178, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 9, 68, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 13, 4610, 13, 1896, 36655, 558, 187, 50270, 20918, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 426, 3635, 28, 187, 50270, 2309, 436, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 33436, 755, 11749, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 2309, 13250, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 4605, 755, 5455, 12905, 2214, 7474, 9, 2776, 1854, 13, 12419, 2127, 11564, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 5455, 12618, 1854, 12618, 426, 755, 5455, 12618, 11749, 5023, 4064, 5455, 9, 3967, 558, 187, 50270, 2776, 3806, 1992, 8665, 28, 187, 50270, 2776, 2127, 426, 2127, 11564, 3736, 1854, 12618, 15, 788, 6124, 1082, 1163, 1854, 12618, 15, 788, 12618, 6124, 1874, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 788, 30335, 1082, 2295, 19368, 15, 29003, 1556, 64, 14524, 2637, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 14005, 1992, 8665, 426, 2127, 28, 1380, 1996, 1056, 436, 625, 34025, 15, 187, 50270, 94, 2010, 551, 187, 50266, 14005, 1992, 8665, 426, 16375, 66, 3860, 2029, 9739, 187, 50262, 12, 8951, 4976, 6155, 15, 43616, 5023, 321, 5200, 5023, 1542, 5455, 12618, 9, 788, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 5023, 788, 45408, 1838, 5715, 1854, 12618, 10, 187, 50262, 12, 8894, 44679, 559, 187, 50262, 3211, 187, 50262, 12, 44153, 66, 27988, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 2309, 3806, 1992, 8665, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 94, 50, 27, 187, 187, 2347, 476, 309, 4993, 619, 10469, 11700, 614, 20421, 32, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 247, 43240, 34513, 2403, 271, 4959, 622, 13, 594, 309, 1663, 878, 634, 1361, 15, 187, 42, 871, 326, 619, 1953, 310, 2221, 1048, 13, 533, 309, 588, 320, 14442, 604, 368, 6068, 3662, 619, 1437, 187, 42, 717, 2403, 271, 622, 326, 34899, 337, 3159, 12421, 432, 1142, 3000, 275, 247, 2829, 15, 187, 14131, 13, 309, 1160, 619, 20421, 342, 11700, 614, 15, 309, 3597, 841, 1841, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1160, 12967, 8904, 19570, 281, 897, 11700, 614, 9807, 19570, 187, 42, 1160, 12967, 8904, 16324, 281, 1691, 5861, 275, 247, 2829, 187, 42, 1160, 12967, 44066, 555, 281, 1527, 16025, 285, 281, 923, 247, 3159, 4236, 432, 247, 2829, 949, 10318, 3145, 15, 32256, 5023, 187, 187, 6872, 403, 619, 11646, 187, 187, 22093, 21907, 187, 187, 4387, 966, 12967, 12479, 8725, 2051, 30616, 12479, 551, 535, 50274, 9486, 12967, 8904, 16324, 3159, 8904, 16324, 28, 187, 50274, 2776, 7140, 426, 3159, 8904, 16324, 15, 14267, 28, 187, 50274, 2776, 3159, 426, 3159, 8904, 16324, 15, 3418, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 18641, 2991, 42458, 9, 18099, 9809, 36802, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 12185, 15, 251, 9395, 9, 36421, 36802, 558, 187, 50270, 1178, 8590, 3145, 9, 51, 15, 7916, 15, 12135, 64, 3418, 558, 187, 50270, 30288, 246, 18, 426, 313, 30288, 10, 48687, 9, 51, 15, 301, 15, 1156, 3145, 1413, 558, 187, 50270, 30288, 246, 19, 426, 313, 30288, 10, 48687, 9, 51, 15, 301, 15, 1156, 3145, 22093, 558, 535, 50270, 3418, 8904, 16324, 426, 747, 12967, 8904, 16324, 9, 2520, 558, 187, 50270, 3418, 8904, 16324, 15, 5758, 1874, 187, 50270, 3418, 8904, 16324, 15, 37, 4449, 3849, 1587, 4814, 22093, 8904, 3287, 187, 50270, 85, 18, 15, 32256, 9, 14267, 558, 187, 50270, 85, 19, 15, 32256, 9, 3418, 558, 187, 50270, 3418, 8904, 16324, 15, 10483, 1874, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 187, 22093, 8904, 19570, 9, 5302, 11700, 614, 7489, 7518, 468, 10, 535, 50274, 2948, 4228, 4959, 15, 6071, 15, 8590, 15888, 15, 22227, 28, 535, 50274, 4387, 966, 12967, 8904, 19570, 8725, 11700, 614, 9807, 19570, 551, 187, 50269, 4659, 2457, 4605, 22454, 64, 9536, 426, 346, 4814, 22093, 8904, 3664, 535, 50274, 4387, 12967, 8904, 19570, 9, 5856, 3634, 13, 4605, 1416, 13, 11700, 614, 21563, 15, 31620, 11749, 13250, 13, 540, 2715, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 12185, 9, 8882, 13, 1416, 13, 13250, 13, 2715, 558, 187, 50270, 6800, 15, 69, 9, 22227, 13, 346, 3233, 8932, 19570, 3287, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 2991, 42458, 9, 12070, 614, 21563, 34703, 45, 614, 21563, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 6800, 15, 69, 9, 22227, 13, 346, 3235, 13119, 3287, 535, 50270, 2776, 2794, 8053, 426, 346, 25875, 22454, 8681, 5803, 8021, 44237, 346, 559, 22454, 64, 9536, 559, 187, 50262, 31770, 5417, 41847, 4653, 44825, 25111, 44046, 48, 1042, 1311, 17260, 13, 346, 559, 187, 50262, 3, 36, 4966, 40, 15258, 46434, 5803, 5812, 13, 346, 559, 187, 50262, 3, 25981, 46434, 5803, 5812, 558, 3664, 187, 50270, 18858, 45, 614, 21563, 15, 9993, 12070, 9, 6953, 8053, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 2991, 327, 5683, 7698, 9, 12070, 614, 21563, 34703, 45, 614, 21563, 13, 540, 891, 13, 540, 891, 18, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 6800, 15, 69, 9, 22227, 13, 346, 3235, 327, 5683, 7698, 3287, 187, 50270, 2776, 2794, 8053, 426, 346, 4976, 2795, 22454, 8681, 8021, 44237, 346, 559, 22454, 64, 9536, 559, 36417, 3664, 187, 50270, 18858, 45, 614, 21563, 15, 9993, 12070, 9, 6953, 8053, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 187, 20, 15, 22093, 8904, 16324, 9, 6550, 8133, 15648, 10, 187, 50274, 2948, 4228, 4959, 15, 6071, 15, 8590, 15888, 15, 22227, 28, 535, 50274, 4387, 966, 12967, 8904, 16324, 551, 187, 50274, 4387, 4605, 2654, 28, 187, 50274, 4387, 4605, 7140, 28, 187, 50274, 4387, 4605, 3159, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 25161, 3634, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 12967, 8904, 19570, 14073, 19570, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 11700, 614, 21563, 5447, 28, 535, 50274, 4387, 12967, 8904, 16324, 9, 5856, 260, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 8882, 426, 260, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 12967, 8904, 16324, 1527, 1082, 12326, 11700, 5330, 551, 187, 50270, 5470, 19570, 426, 747, 12967, 8904, 19570, 9, 8882, 13, 346, 8904, 995, 3635, 13, 337, 558, 187, 50270, 25522, 426, 14073, 19570, 15, 788, 25191, 494, 21563, 1874, 535, 50268, 5470, 26698, 1587, 4814, 22093, 8904, 995, 346, 48157, 995, 346, 33244, 28753, 3287, 535, 50270, 2309, 436, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 2991, 399, 4449, 3849, 9, 2776, 2829, 2402, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 31620, 20482, 426, 3635, 28, 187, 50270, 14626, 551, 187, 50266, 14849, 426, 5447, 15, 7267, 9, 2420, 2402, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 558, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 14849, 3613, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50262, 6050, 313, 14849, 15, 15106, 1992, 9301, 6649, 551, 187, 50258, 301, 426, 20482, 15, 35519, 9, 14849, 15, 788, 13317, 6060, 1587, 1838, 17378, 187, 50258, 14267, 426, 20482, 15, 35519, 9, 14849, 15, 788, 13317, 6060, 1587, 36, 4966, 40, 15258, 17378, 187, 50258, 3418, 426, 20482, 15, 35519, 9, 14849, 15, 788, 13317, 6060, 1587, 25981, 17378, 187, 50262, 94, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 4720, 551, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 14849, 3613, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50262, 14849, 15, 10483, 1874, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 2991, 2810, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 25522, 15, 10483, 1874, 187, 50270, 5470, 19570, 15, 10483, 1874, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 2991, 14073, 26698, 9, 2776, 2829, 2402, 13, 4605, 7140, 13, 4605, 3159, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 6800, 15, 69, 9, 22227, 13, 346, 26698, 5128, 33051, 535, 50270, 8590, 15888, 2600, 15888, 426, 747, 17215, 15888, 1874, 535 ]	with the appropriate people to resolve matters. We will not be making any further comment for legal reasons.” Flack has presented several popular TV shows. In 2014 she won Strictly Come Dancing and since 2015 she has hosted the ITV2 reality show Love Island and the accompanying programme Aftersun. Her arrest came days before Flack was due to fly to South Africa for the winter Love Island series, which begins on 8 January.get the memo? EPA employees eagerly leak documents from their mandatory anti-leaking class. This week, workers at the federal agency attended a one-hour training course on how to prevent leaks to the press. In response, they disclosed memos and slideshows from the course to multiple outlets, including The Hill, Reuters, and the Associated Press. Politico received a leaked memo about the class before it even took place. The training was part of a wider White House crackdown on leaks across federal agencies. Though most EPA staff don’t handle classified files, agency officials wanted to prevent workers from sharing what they called “controlled unclassified information,” citing national security concerns. Numerous leaks have come out of the EPA this year, beginning with the Trump team’s plan for the agency back in January. Since then, the media has obtained government reports on climate science, Trump’s proposed budget cuts for the agency, and more. Attorney General Jeff Sessions warned last month that anyone who leaked sensitive government information would be investigated and potentially prosecuted. And yet, here we are. “It’s ironic that we have an anti-leaking story that is rooted from a leaked memo,” EPA spokesperson Jahan Wilcox told the Hill.package org.unicode.cldr.test; import java.util.List; import org.unicode.cldr.util.CLDRConfig; import org.unicode.cldr.util.CLDRFile; import org.unicode.cldr.util.Factory; import org.unicode.cldr.util.PathHeader; /** * Subclass of CheckCLDR that requires a factory during checking. * * @author jchye */ abstract class FactoryCheckCLDR extends CheckCLDR { private Factory factory; private CLDRFile resolvedCldrFileToCheck; private PathHeader.Factory pathHeaderFactory; @Override public synchronized CLDRFile getEnglishFile() { if (super.getEnglishFile() != null) { return super.getEnglishFile(); } try { return getFactory().make("en", true); } catch (Exception e) { return CLDRConfig.getInstance().getEnglish(); } } public synchronized PathHeader.Factory getPathHeaderFactory() { if (pathHeaderFactory == null) { pathHeaderFactory = PathHeader.getFactory(getEnglishFile() != null ? getEnglishFile() : getFactory().make("en", true)); } return pathHeaderFactory; } public FactoryCheckCLDR(Factory factory) { super(); this.factory = factory; } public CLDRFile getResolvedCldrFileToCheck() { if (resolvedCldrFileToCheck == null) { resolvedCldrFileToCheck = factory.make(getCldrFileToCheck().getLocaleID(), true); } return resolvedCldrFileToCheck; } @Override public CheckCLDR setCldrFileToCheck(CLDRFile cldrFileToCheck, Options options, List<CheckStatus> possibleErrors) { super.setCldrFileToCheck(cldrFileToCheck, options, possibleErrors); resolvedCldrFileToCheck = null; return this; } public Factory getFactory() { return factory; } public String getPathReferenceForMessage(String path, boolean codeOnly) { PathHeader pathHeader = getPathHeaderFactory().fromPath(path); String referenceToOther; String code = codeOnly ? pathHeader.getCode() : pathHeader.getHeaderCode(); if (getPhase() == Phase.FINAL_TESTING) { referenceToOther = code; // later make this more readable. } else { referenceToOther = "<a href=\"" + CLDRConfig.getInstance().urls().forPathHeader(getCldrFileToCheck().getLocaleID(), pathHeader) + "\">" + code + "</a>"; } return referenceToOther; } }Q: How can I fix my Android SQLite Database? I'm a beginner programmer making an android app, so I really need your help. I know that my question is super long, but I will be grateful if you guys answer my quest I am making an app that selects 1 word randomly from many words in a table. Thus, I made my Database with SQLite. I tried these things. I made WordDBHelper to use SQLiteOpenHelper I made WordDBRecord to put records in a table I made WordActivty to open DB and to see a word selected from a table through TextView.setText(). These are my codes Word Activity public class WordActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private WordDBRecord wordDBRecord; String category = wordDBRecord.category; String word = wordDBRecord.word; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_word); TextView t1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewCategory); TextView t2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewWord); wordDBRecord = new WordDBRecord(this); wordDBRecord.open(); wordDBRecord.DBSearch("KeyWordDB"); t1.setText(category); t2.setText(word); wordDBRecord.close(); } } WordDBHelper(using SQLite Open Helper) import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG; public class WordDBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { static final String TABLE_NAME = "KeyWordDB"; public WordDBHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) { super(context, name, factory, version); Log.d(TAG, "DataBaseHelper"); } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase) { Log.d(TAG, "Table Create"); String createQuery = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME + "( ID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " + "CATEGORY TEXT NOT NULL, " + "WORD TEXT NOT NULL);"; sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(createQuery); } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase, int i, int i1) { Log.d(TAG, "Table onUpgrade"); String createQuery = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME + ";"; sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(createQuery); } } 3.WordDBRecord( Class putting Records) import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG; public class WordDBRecord { public String id; public String category; public String word; private Context context; private WordDBHelper dbHelper; private SQLiteDatabase database; public WordDBRecord(Context c) { context = c; } public WordDBRecord open() throws SQLException { dbHelper = new WordDBHelper(context, "DB", null, 1); database = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase(); dbInsert("KeyWordDB", "Movie", "Harry Potter"); return this; } public void DBSearch(String tableName) { Cursor cursor = null; try { cursor = database.query(tableName, null, null, null, null, null, null); if (cursor != null) { while (cursor.moveToNext()) { id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("ID")); category = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("CATEGORY")); word = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("WORD")); } } } finally { if (cursor != null) { cursor.close(); } } } public void close() { database.close(); dbHelper.close(); } public void dbInsert(String tableName, String category, String word) { Log.d(TAG, "Insert Data "); ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
[ 1774, 2616, 275, 253, 17000, 273, 23294, 434, 2728, 313, 2350, 10, 19556, 285, 4833, 253, 4702, 273, 6551, 39826, 8361, 14, 47162, 1238, 313, 34, 5346, 10, 15015, 15, 743, 1774, 2495, 2803, 13, 253, 3361, 273, 4276, 80, 38, 21, 2601, 275, 5446, 3998, 1341, 22294, 253, 26331, 281, 5446, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 11764, 7601, 9130, 452, 247, 9560, 2554, 275, 253, 7842, 25641, 285, 3469, 327, 2173, 2601, 14, 20844, 301, 6355, 15, 380, 1655, 2278, 16633, 327, 18977, 16663, 273, 6384, 26331, 313, 348, 12050, 13, 26831, 25982, 19288, 2352, 13, 33125, 272, 19288, 2352, 10, 285, 11764, 11082, 275, 5446, 285, 3400, 12288, 275, 253, 1655, 4685, 273, 7534, 15403, 13, 616, 11764, 5289, 285, 3470, 13, 347, 973, 347, 616, 2554, 347, 2442, 9282, 8571, 15, 34349, 3082, 323, 12392, 253, 6384, 2605, 285, 11764, 5889, 588, 320, 9814, 275, 247, 3862, 3282, 5727, 253, 897, 273, 11764, 20896, 323, 2393, 6120, 273, 5446, 588, 320, 13515, 17903, 15, 5383, 3518, 273, 28381, 15015, 342, 253, 894, 6384, 285, 1027, 47625, 1963, 18502, 403, 9814, 15, 10209, 13, 253, 4278, 273, 253, 954, 1774, 11764, 7601, 9130, 13, 1690, 253, 2554, 273, 253, 6532, 6384, 347, 4073, 8468, 285, 697, 9282, 4893, 403, 1677, 15, 577, 14, 19304, 14, 19, 14, 4160, 257, 267, 778, 1132, 247, 2714, 2554, 275, 253, 17000, 273, 253, 19556, 273, 5446, 285, 3021, 253, 346, 1179, 31406, 14, 68, 4349, 25591, 9079, 3, 273, 5446, 310, 16318, 15, 6610, 13, 253, 954, 1774, 11764, 15048, 2616, 285, 616, 1896, 897, 285, 10307, 275, 253, 12212, 273, 5446, 403, 5469, 15, 14277, 5581, 187, 2327, 480, 757, 8202, 61, 10352, 982, 61, 43890, 61, 49875, 61, 11746, 61, 4717, 251, 11875, 17393, 28, 187, 187, 338, 9, 58, 2886, 1450, 5, 1212, 1168, 12928, 5013, 1911, 251, 34368, 5374, 34368, 881, 6038, 3613, 686, 17381, 3401, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 5, 2520, 1168, 12928, 5013, 31212, 68, 4638, 1768, 6038, 5456, 426, 14412, 1968, 8, 3001, 50276, 8, 11827, 104, 17955, 232, 41202, 31902, 234, 10606, 6434, 8, 3001, 14412, 4663, 6038, 2194, 187, 94, 187, 187, 5, 2520, 1168, 12928, 5013, 31212, 68, 4638, 1768, 6038, 5456, 426, 14412, 1968, 8, 3001, 370, 1911, 251, 7104, 5013, 5564, 16445, 8, 6434, 8, 3001, 14412, 13018, 10606, 1911, 251, 8, 3001, 370, 1911, 251, 44270, 187, 28391, 187, 187, 29, 2154, 966, 568, 2052, 14, 3610, 14, 19, 3, 3740, 568, 3429, 27, 1458, 10543, 4898, 27, 2233, 10543, 11814, 18459, 22650, 13011, 187, 50274, 14277, 30, 5733, 251, 11875, 17393, 1450, 14778, 1874, 23983, 187, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 29, 2154, 966, 568, 2052, 14, 3610, 14, 740, 3, 3740, 568, 3429, 27, 9330, 10543, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 470, 28, 17333, 14, 918, 27, 470, 13011, 187, 50274, 14277, 30, 370, 2520, 1168, 12574, 3914, 1374, 12063, 12928, 558, 23983, 187, 870, 2154, 31, 31840, 436, 807, 352, 3261, 751, 6539, 308, 5464, 90, 457, 84, 673, 387, 7087, 14634, 3228, 369, 3551, 281, 271, 990, 1108, 533, 3185, 253, 40860, 50117, 348, 9852, 310, 327, 253, 39931, 273, 8136, 247, 2201, 41457, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 308, 5464, 90, 11359, 521, 1659, 323, 7814, 457, 84, 2165, 387, 5418, 14814, 352, 588, 320, 247, 1052, 394, 2615, 3927, 7286, 323, 253, 4567, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 13, 665, 310, 1024, 275, 521, 20117, 2952, 342, 253, 5453, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3438, 20341, 5213, 457, 84, 1735, 3761, 275, 3228, 22290, 588, 2118, 779, 2590, 273, 2516, 47433, 5582, 715, 5571, 394, 1659, 275, 253, 512, 14, 2606, 18655, 1618, 13, 581, 2159, 273, 11290, 401, 462, 2184, 285, 12029, 39896, 250, 327, 848, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 457, 620, 671, 320, 275, 3986, 273, 253, 13052, 273, 11128, 445, 388, 18141, 1615, 313, 17490, 582, 11128, 445, 444, 324, 466, 313, 17490, 10, 285, 26298, 16026, 13, 275, 3925, 394, 1659, 327, 25193, 15, 1893, 943, 308, 5464, 90, 3464, 247, 806, 14, 22122, 3963, 762, 10213, 10351, 413, 436, 2952, 13, 344, 943, 452, 247, 12524, 5103, 387, 19486, 1170, 416, 3814, 11024, 13, 275, 8026, 394, 327, 28121, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10458, 46710, 2615, 3927, 18069, 812, 1014, 452, 247, 5103, 273, 10922, 253, 1755, 2456, 13, 1907, 6704, 247, 767, 14, 2913, 3310, 1309, 253, 2457, 2129, 273, 1390, 2952, 13, 281, 1379, 521, 3297, 949, 281, 9169, 15, 187, 187, 18552, 308, 5464, 90, 11691, 327, 521, 7087, 14634, 3228, 11386, 13, 275, 247, 6884, 9167, 36583, 342, 5037, 33293, 387, 330, 2501, 8669, 30038, 27, 5171, 43267, 31715, 16, 26078, 13478, 187, 187, 1992, 1056, 326, 1755, 2456, 253, 34905, 14, 6448, 11750, 2146, 588, 452, 281, 28842, 253, 26972, 18655, 6786, 407, 3645, 9167, 13688, 8698, 15370, 285, 17960, 26762, 353, 1278, 90, 23302, 333, 1108, 285, 281, 513, 326, 308, 5464, 90, 588, 452, 281, 4035, 347, 247, 3963, 762, 10351, 413, 15, 187, 187, 3039, 253, 5685, 2335, 689, 347, 1481, 8690, 275, 253, 5768, 273, 4240, 13, 9745, 2169, 7681, 11684, 273, 40860, 398, 13, 352, 3261, 751, 253, 3438, 416, 41564, 285, 23840, 4978, 637, 369, 873, 323, 247, 2554, 347, 247, 39411, 4760, 1309, 253, 2457, 807, 273, 521, 3310, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 9100, 253, 806, 1740, 9728, 3958, 273, 10351, 413, 457, 84, 19485, 327, 253, 10955, 13, 308, 5464, 90, 13082, 281, 1132, 247, 2234, 2554, 275, 4983, 271, 4314, 14, 13197, 46908, 15030, 1408, 275, 253, 11218, 13, 9745, 6654, 281, 271, 745, 14, 40408, 350, 2285, 15, 187, 187, 6436, 13, 247, 34376, 4975, 4934, 253, 3520, 32048, 562, 323, 767, 2607, 285, 407, 253, 673, 344, 369, 4944, 969, 13, 830, 574, 295, 1700, 1567, 285, 253, 42933, 806, 2952, 762, 10351, 413, 285, 28802, 6423, 27659, 7066, 589, 369, 716, 1715, 272, 327, 247, 28900, 5024, 15, 187, 187, 56, 358, 934, 90, 18735, 369, 581, 273, 6539, 308, 5464, 90, 434, 1755, 26751, 347, 247, 7087, 14634, 4760, 187, 40701, 27, 5171, 43267, 31715, 16, 26078, 13478, 187, 187, 510, 7989, 18069, 4895, 387, 26846, 327, 14423, 272, 6258, 285, 2530, 30847, 4023, 505, 2378, 969, 275, 247, 374, 14, 17, 3330, 15, 3228, 3663, 816, 581, 273, 1249, 9728, 3958, 342, 308, 5464, 90, 896, 327, 253, 2914, 1386, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 1014, 3053, 9398, 253, 13595, 457, 84, 549, 1814, 395, 11719, 1309, 253, 1273, 2716, 273, 1390, 2952, 13, 342, 309, 5711, 367, 14806, 10805, 562, 273, 9796, 13, 347, 521, 36499, 4821, 17421, 3963, 22898, 670, 521, 2852, 15, 187, 187, 34, 1091, 281, 23840, 28925, 285, 247, 45591, 342, 6539, 26298, 387, 44124, 497, 2190, 253, 11267, 2108, 347, 352, 3261, 751, 308, 5464, 90, 651, 320, 327, 521, 1039, 275, 253, 5768, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 253, 4116, 369, 327, 26226, 388, 1062, 23509, 347, 253, 11596, 1342, 753, 42076, 1309, 271, 8991, 374, 14, 18, 3330, 689, 39605, 275, 253, 2457, 1728, 2165, 273, 253, 1390, 4544, 13, 533, 752, 670, 308, 5464, 90, 32, 187, 187, 18552, 308, 5464, 90, 11691, 253, 9880, 4736, 347, 7087, 14634, 1912, 1977, 281, 17427, 1986, 275, 253, 19425, 6884, 275, 4565, 4104, 187, 40701, 27, 5171, 43267, 31715, 16, 26078, 13478, 187, 187, 510, 42402, 9829, 326, 2165, 342, 247, 896, 7372, 13, 6108, 11649, 13, 1919, 253, 4112, 369, 3531, 327, 697, 1481, 672, 3668, 9377, 326, 3228, 574, 5907, 247, 747, 767, 14, 2913, 3310, 13, 23447, 327, 3012, 3777, 17575, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1614, 253, 637, 665, 2378, 11226, 253, 2615, 3927, 281, 247, 7520, 8937, 6572, 567, 636, 10170, 13, 816, 1078, 9449, 1264, 1107, 3622, 13, 556, 2489, 247, 9560, 629, 273, 10351, 413, 457, 84, 2285, 7552, 253, 9326, 5522, 273, 436, 2952, 457, 84, 11218, 14892, 5492, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 556, 3053, 1384, 273, 3307, 9728, 10129, 285, 6312, 512, 533, 767, 273, 1110, 15, 1707, 452, 644, 247, 1643, 259, 19074, 314, 9506, 13, 46754, 896, 432, 247, 1499, 45695, 3148, 1411, 44124, 275, 4223, 407, 289, 30022, 1728, 247, 3563, 4736, 281, 1056, 2119, 273, 247, 374, 14, 17, 1728, 3330, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 671, 37093, 247, 439, 22560, 9055, 1309, 253, 374, 14, 19, 3812, 387, 29912, 3228, 327, 7814, 13, 35440, 17816, 247, 1273, 8862, 3120, 285, 10305, 253, 4023, 275, 253, 1421, 598, 281, 253, 14516, 457, 806, 4736, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 275, 253, 2022, 308, 5464, 90, 556, 8058, 347, 9865, 281, 10351, 413, 347, 344, 556, 281, 521, 2045, 7087, 14634, 15071, 1108, 594, 309, 5082, 457, 85, 701, 1411, 779, 10922, 326, 512, 14, 2606, 1755, 2456, 816, 2568, 15, 187, 187, 9431, 6739, 17870, 1277, 24831, 1410, 187, 187, 5817, 7251, 30, 17560, 5418, 1108, 24876, 187, 187, 2082, 30, 7195, 6696, 4705, 1108, 24876, 187, 187, 2082, 30, 11128, 445, 388, 18141, 1615, 1108, 24876, 187, 187, 2082, 30, 42735, 3044, 8469, 603, 1108, 24876, 187, 187, 5817, 10447, 30, 12029, 39896, 250, 1108, 848, 187, 187, 2090, 30, 11290, 401, 462, 2184, 1108, 848, 187, 187, 5817, 11102, 30, 329, 40680, 308, 2025, 5428, 58, 1108, 1749, 187, 187, 3677, 30, 2516, 47433, 5582, 1108, 1749, 187, 187, 5817, 11087, 33418, 25968, 1108, 26484, 187, 187, 5817, 10677, 20164, 7061, 1108, 23627, 187, 187, 5817, 6879, 10035, 367, 2955, 266, 1108, 26771, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 1318, 752, 436, 2926, 4245, 368, 13, 4496, 1908, 8109, 253, 11867, 13992, 5687, 15, 15682, 253, 3048, 275, 253, 8862, 3817, 2708, 323, 4278, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 11547, 556, 644, 247, 4275, 629, 273, 3114, 1495, 323, 1142, 1107, 13, 949, 1175, 2069, 285, 3076, 13, 9417, 347, 634, 21424, 285, 18273, 2603, 273, 1980, 1491, 15, 3824, 4491, 310, 10268, 5175, 2069, 13, 534, 310, 2139, 309, 457, 78, 7004, 323, 634, 1329, 15, 6000, 2014, 7680, 588, 1361, 441, 4035, 281, 4711, 5722, 14, 23166, 1980, 26481, 326, 2789, 247, 27289, 3064, 281, 776, 3114, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 15900, 323, 14, 14075, 25142, 275, 3541, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 1488, 2835, 247, 2969, 29826, 6001, 281, 513, 247, 33037, 15596, 689, 2239, 25463, 4367, 342, 767, 9930, 1016, 15, 187, 510, 4367, 4453, 751, 436, 27, 187, 34, 18, 21279, 495, 187, 34, 18, 7386, 495, 187, 34, 19, 46, 495, 187, 34, 21, 40, 29526, 608, 187, 2446, 1719, 374, 187, 34, 22897, 374, 187, 34, 2350, 1194, 374, 187, 2446, 40, 2925, 577, 187, 2446, 44, 18, 495, 187, 34, 12437, 374, 187, 34, 1539, 1194, 495, 187, 34, 15286, 374, 187, 34, 15286, 19, 495, 187, 34, 1277, 3871, 18, 374, 187, 1051, 187, 187, 1898, 253, 2127, 310, 436, 27, 187, 4350, 41, 8147, 30, 6104, 1568, 15, 6674, 15, 10134, 187, 1109, 428, 19232, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 187, 1542, 891, 275, 2634, 5200, 33481, 46051, 1040, 3686, 65, 28, 513, 187, 50274, 338, 544, 428, 71, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 25896, 840, 187, 50270, 7317, 428, 71, 19, 370, 74, 393, 187, 50270, 93, 15596, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 428, 2239, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 15, 12780, 187, 50270, 36386, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 15, 12780, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 187, 50274, 7271, 187, 50270, 8076, 370, 74, 2239, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 187, 50274, 11125, 187, 17506, 187, 187, 262, 13279, 253, 806, 1873, 285, 12013, 352, 281, 253, 3453, 1873, 15, 840, 352, 13279, 253, 1273, 1873, 13, 352, 3936, 253, 1273, 847, 7640, 285, 352, 2469, 265, 352, 281, 253, 3453, 1873, 13, 285, 594, 327, 1051, 187, 783, 2127, 2987, 354, 3803, 314, 13, 533, 352, 4850, 23995, 373, 1242, 17357, 984, 275, 1016, 5880, 352, 556, 281, 1527, 285, 50029, 247, 8750, 1873, 15, 187, 338, 309, 812, 4657, 253, 906, 273, 247, 5036, 19502, 275, 3541, 3185, 273, 275, 7592, 13, 309, 1158, 326, 253, 1347, 79, 584, 651, 320, 1199, 7938, 15, 187, 16534, 368, 4496, 1918, 479, 690, 12925, 275, 436, 32, 187, 47033, 368, 594, 1199, 2, 2490, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 2042, 309, 7192, 987, 13, 285, 512, 4367, 452, 253, 1072, 1180, 273, 10175, 13, 368, 476, 897, 305, 3023, 17488, 281, 1379, 847, 374, 273, 1016, 1873, 3707, 253, 806, 13, 581, 1386, 387 ]	important factors in the initiation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and influence the formation of neurotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides. An important risk factor, the presence of ApoE4 protein in AD brain cells binds the lipids to AD. In addition, lipid signaling pathways have a crucial role in the cellular homeostasis and depend on specific protein-lipid interactions. The current review focuses on pathological alterations of membrane lipids (cholesterol, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids) and lipid metabolism in AD and provides insight in the current understanding of biological membranes, their lipid structures and functions, as well as their role as potential therapeutic targets. Novel methods for studying the membrane structure and lipid composition will be reviewed in a broad sense whereas the use of lipid biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD will be shortly summarized. Interactions of Aβ peptides with the cell membrane and different subcellular organelles are reviewed. Next, the details of the most important lipid signaling pathways, including the role of the plasma membrane as stress sensor and its therapeutic applications are given. 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal may play a special role in the initiation of the pathogenesis of AD and thus the "calpain-cathepsin hypothesis" of AD is highlighted. Finally, the most important lipid dietary factors and their possible use and efficacy in the prevention of AD are discussed.<?php use jianyan\basics\backend\widgets\menu\AddonLeftWidget; if(Yii::$app->params['addon']['info']['type'] != 'plug') { $this->params['breadcrumbs'][] = ['label' => '扩展模块','url' => ['index']]; } $this->params['breadcrumbs'][] = ['label' => $addonModel['title'],'url' => ['binding','addon' => $addon]]; ?> <div class="col-sm-2" style="width: 15%; height: 100%;background:#fff;"> <?= AddonLeftWidget::widget(); ?> </div> <div class="col-sm-10" style="width: 85%;padding-left: 0;padding-right: 0;"> <?= $this->render($view,$params); ?> </div>Earlier this year it looked like Alex Tettey’s time at Norwich City was coming to an end – but instead the midfield lynchpin is on the verge of passing a major milestone. If Tettey keeps his place for Saturday’s game at Blackburn it will be a 200th Canaries appearance for the 32-year-old, who is now in his seventh season with the club. The former Norway international’s next match in City colours will move him clear of John Deehan into 70th place in the all-time appearances list, one short of Ken Foggo and Les Eyre on 201. He’ll also be in reach of the likes of Darren Huckerby (203), Darren Eadie (203) and Neil Adams, in 60th place on 206. So should Tettey remain a first-choice regular under Daniel Farke this season, he should have a decent shot at overtaking Ruel Fox, in 56th on 219. The tough tackling Canaries favourite could even have a shot of reaching the top 50, having signed a two-year contract during the final week of last season, to take his stay through to 2020. Alex Tettey scored on his Norwich City debut, in a League Cup clash with Doncaster at Carrow Road Picture: Paul Chesterton/Focus Images To make that top 50 the Ghana-born battler will have to surpass the 232 appearances achieved by World Cup winner Martin Peters and Scottish defender Malky Mackay – and to do that Tettey will have to continue as a regular under Farke. When the German took over as head coach in the summer of 2017, bringing higher technical demands of midfielders, it looked like the former Rennes and Rosenberg man was set for a role as a fringe player during the final year of his contract. After spending the first four league games of Farke’s reign on the bench, Tettey emerged to play a key role in starting an eight-game unbeaten run in the Championship, bringing balance to an off-kilter team. However, a calf injury kept the physical competitor out for two months and by the time he was fit again, form had nosedived and the transitional first season under Farke and sporting director Stuart Webber was teetering on a cliff edge. Wembley glory was one of Alex Tettey's top achievements as a Norwich player Picture: Paul Chesterton/Focus Images The fan favourite returned at Birmingham on Boxing Day and provided pivotal ballast once again in a 2-0 win. City lost just one of 12 league games with Tettey back on the front line. He even started wearing the captain’s armband regularly during the second half of last season, with Ivo Pinto falling out of favour, as his revival continued amid regular speculation about his future. A return to Rosenborg and a reunion with Alex Neil at Preston were among the rumours as it looked like Tettey would be on his way in the summer. All the attention was on Wes Hoolahan as the Irishman said farewell during an emotional 2-1 win over Leeds in the final home game of the last campaign, but what about Tettey? Alex Tettey scored the winning goal as Norwich won away to Manchester United in the Premier League in December 2015 Picture: Paul Chesterton/Focus Images The midfielder missed that game with a back strain, leaving uncertainty, until the situation was turned on its head when news broke that City had offered a new two-year contract, albeit on significantly reduced wages. In turn the man who once fired the Canaries to a rare Old Trafford victory, just before Christmas three years ago, has become a crucial part of Farke’s team becoming the surprise package of this season’s Championship promotion race. He has started 20 of 22 league matches and completed all but two of those. There have been a few wobbly moments, bouncing back from a sloppy display against Preston in August by thumping home a late goal to make sure of a 2-0 home win. He also endured a shaky afternoon during the 2-2 draw at Bristol City on Saturday, narrowly avoiding a second yellow card and losing the ball in the lead up to the hosts’ first goal. But in the main Tettey has proved as valuable to Farke as he has to his previous Norwich managers – so I wouldn’t bet against him reaching that all-time top 50 just yet. NCFC APPEARANCES • 65= Alan Black – 203 65= Thomas Halliday – 203 65= Darren Huckerby – 203 65= Mick McGuire – 203 • 69= Les Eyre – 201 69= Ken Foggo – 201 • 71= ALEX TETTEY – 199 71= John Deehan – 199 • 73 Geoff Butler – 196 • 74 Jimmy Hill – 195 • 75 Mike Phelan – 194 If you value what this story gives you, please consider supporting the Eastern Daily Press. Click the link in the yellow box below for details. This newspaper has been a central part of community life for many years, through good times and bad, serving as your advocate and trusted source of local information. Our industry is facing testing times, which is why I’m asking for your support. Every single contribution will help us continue to produce award-winning local journalism that makes a measurable difference to our community.Q: Store for-loop iterations in memory I'm writting a simple bash script to do a recursive paste over >10000 files with two columns each. The files looks like this: A1BG 3 A1CF 3 A2M 3 A4GALT 5 AAAS 2 AACS 2 AADAT 2 AAGAB 4 AAK1 3 AAMP 2 AANAT 3 AARS 2 AARS2 3 AARSD1 2 ... And the code is this: SPHERE=Sphere.matrix.txt rm -rf $SPHERE for i in `ls *.spheres \| sort`; do if [ -f $SPHERE ]; then cut -f2 $i \ \| paste $SPHERE - > $SPHERE.tmp mv $SPHERE.tmp $SPHERE else cat $i > $SPHERE fi done it opens the first file and writes it to the output file. then it opens the second file, it takes the second colums and it pastes it to the output file, and so on... the code works propperly, but it gets progresively slower because in each cycle it has to open and overwrite a bigger file. if I could store the result of aech iteration in memory instead of in disk, I think that the performnace would be much faster. could you please give me some guidance in this? thank you so much! A: If I understood right, and all files have the same number of rows, you can use gnu awk to take col 2 of each file except the first, one line at
[ 14710, 843, 1260, 47898, 22999, 9636, 863, 39939, 1473, 32, 187, 187, 3074, 1111, 3816, 284, 187, 187, 42, 26453, 33332, 269, 18481, 637, 9951, 893, 512, 1499, 3544, 1111, 15, 4597, 1442, 2224, 6446, 292, 10647, 27094, 15, 4597, 14710, 30876, 6446, 292, 1895, 10647, 465, 2815, 255, 292, 7085, 254, 46832, 10647, 1499, 3544, 1111, 2177, 9951, 350, 13, 2780, 266, 843, 14710, 30876, 50226, 1895, 15, 401, 6592, 1120, 257, 18679, 3816, 274, 465, 287, 36115, 512, 1111, 13, 20442, 7151, 7670, 41996, 17366, 87, 31051, 1063, 15, 187, 187, 11063, 818, 27, 1093, 15, 399, 2768, 618, 15761, 544, 27035, 62, 7357, 1471, 27, 34441, 83, 13065, 47810, 18679, 273, 6592, 296, 2768, 2109, 16405, 32, 401, 6592, 296, 18481, 13065, 1101, 863, 6446, 292, 1260, 2780, 338, 36535, 79, 33045, 275, 891, 278, 6841, 79, 1886, 266, 14579, 258, 18946, 23394, 570, 32, 655, 15, 401, 6592, 843, 305, 18481, 1101, 275, 891, 23394, 5210, 288, 75, 9608, 893, 2780, 266, 38998, 891, 4231, 257, 13, 47589, 20442, 3612, 512, 1111, 3816, 284, 8363, 4230, 6868, 42156, 30137, 2780, 72, 40406, 15, 187, 187, 3546, 256, 518, 14710, 362, 31144, 17496, 187, 187, 37, 405, 307, 297, 331, 18481, 843, 47810, 18679, 45188, 891, 26453, 33332, 27, 187, 187, 34, 8159, 1458, 27, 1619, 15, 401, 6592, 1850, 7518, 9236, 743, 615, 8363, 2177, 4230, 6290, 40376, 255, 863, 1101, 27029, 1266, 66, 9636, 2827, 31217, 19835, 340, 85, 350, 3372, 609, 270, 6592, 1473, 13, 10647, 307, 297, 41164, 1260, 14710, 295, 25873, 21380, 2109, 17496, 27, 3285, 15, 5706, 13065, 42469, 1323, 73, 2768, 14797, 2827, 36177, 843, 1260, 14710, 745, 9296, 13581, 85, 1323, 72, 438, 25523, 13, 8363, 36177, 787, 351, 13, 8363, 36177, 20781, 1440, 1323, 465, 21380, 87, 1473, 277, 34157, 8363, 36177, 14366, 2788, 85, 15, 30542, 13065, 295, 13703, 46966, 274, 2827, 10647, 41164, 13, 305, 6592, 13065, 391, 21204, 15, 10351, 87, 17366, 15, 187, 187, 52, 75, 17366, 87, 8146, 254, 274, 16361, 18679, 45188, 7005, 46832, 1260, 14710, 31804, 1440, 17496, 8363, 327, 46515, 17496, 27, 34441, 85, 512, 85, 891, 16653, 297, 278, 36212, 69, 18679, 787, 343, 843, 30876, 6446, 66, 1895, 15, 187, 187, 55, 300, 3612, 492, 2381, 296, 41164, 21974, 31058, 15, 17721, 1602, 2381, 332, 1101, 47898, 14797, 9636, 1129, 2280, 66, 16653, 274, 8363, 36109, 1811, 10647, 863, 787, 74, 1315, 17366, 18233, 15, 4033, 66, 546, 990, 66, 256, 518, 14710, 362, 31144, 17496, 8363, 843, 14710, 863, 637, 13586, 6546, 7670, 8363, 787, 343, 1315, 17366, 296, 15, 187, 187, 43, 356, 27029, 3241, 546, 305, 40406, 7005, 546, 27029, 76, 609, 1260, 1837, 471, 23055, 2768, 4133, 2298, 1502, 7589, 547, 7005, 277, 6533, 32333, 34355, 843, 34045, 45844, 31804, 1440, 17496, 15, 13594, 4370, 1323, 1629, 4638, 713, 332, 10647, 863, 288, 507, 19732, 465, 9388, 796, 1101, 1323, 18679, 50201, 2298, 1502, 7589, 547, 945, 5173, 31398, 15, 187, 187, 21389, 356, 7447, 187, 187, 8486, 45188, 1129, 465, 2815, 255, 292, 2336, 4530, 45844, 546, 3807, 266, 16247, 5751, 10647, 863, 36109, 1811, 3525, 278, 6841, 79, 1886, 263, 15, 657, 324, 14710, 843, 10647, 546, 15990, 1260, 299, 7322, 3372, 257, 8405, 1063, 35246, 297, 32, 34441, 83, 843, 10647, 863, 7357, 25560, 23382, 2072, 256, 12271, 893, 9422, 1479, 2198, 9636, 492, 47591, 32, 187, 187, 24900, 1602, 2381, 332, 1101, 45844, 391, 1392, 1678, 10647, 46832, 3443, 9951, 350, 13, 8363, 1101, 7085, 254, 1602, 2381, 332, 3443, 419, 277, 2768, 29545, 1775, 14763, 70, 15, 34441, 85, 8363, 20880, 6513, 15, 443, 2768, 1101, 9636, 8641, 395, 266, 1260, 33045, 9636, 34163, 4530, 256, 21204, 10647, 863, 23382, 2072, 30085, 376, 8363, 36109, 1811, 3525, 277, 770, 14121, 15, 322, 2768, 21329, 23306, 787, 343, 4285, 8363, 4285, 963, 69, 29545, 891, 1850, 18882, 1260, 2177, 8794, 19732, 891, 15, 4597, 14710, 13096, 18882, 3241, 777, 257, 15, 187, 187, 8486, 990, 66, 1260, 14710, 362, 31144, 304, 505, 8363, 701, 10120, 7271, 11546, 85, 891, 277, 770, 14121, 14710, 863, 3443, 13586, 6546, 7670, 24131, 316, 8363, 787, 343, 1315, 17366, 296, 2, 187, 187, 30998, 1638, 27, 1166, 15, 401, 6592, 443, 36626, 4172, 413, 14710, 1101, 1111, 8363, 6079, 777, 13, 2780, 266, 391, 21204, 71, 1392, 5784, 304, 6168, 8363, 1315, 301, 8363, 1289, 1392, 69, 5173, 891, 1850, 7518, 9236, 743, 615, 15, 187, 187, 1779, 83, 2131, 17732, 4978, 8863, 187, 4, 31516, 788, 254, 757, 1852, 3837, 6352, 18816, 1852, 39, 2381, 2967, 76, 6836, 1852, 55, 1392, 2971, 67, 7382, 1852, 44, 2815, 255, 292, 187, 187, 1348, 10911, 420, 12287, 187, 187, 52, 4355, 337, 1323, 495, 322, 4355, 374, 1323, 495, 322, 4355, 495, 1323, 495, 337, 374, 9280, 20, 5429, 55, 3123, 27, 5787, 16775, 285, 6551, 4193, 1975, 1159, 15, 187, 688, 253, 21744, 3998, 13, 247, 2201, 10545, 11541, 310, 16016, 80, 4507, 16356, 11541, 313, 55, 3123, 481, 831, 3349, 8898, 3527, 11541, 13, 8927, 7011, 432, 253, 43320, 3443, 351, 14379, 13, 369, 1996, 1119, 275, 253, 4275, 285, 10844, 11219, 2718, 285, 275, 35527, 1341, 13, 835, 352, 15646, 34254, 34242, 285, 37085, 9503, 15, 38078, 1941, 2792, 281, 35625, 434, 6349, 347, 247, 37190, 390, 247, 46097, 273, 2067, 5044, 3470, 15, 3308, 13, 35625, 310, 247, 2201, 2803, 275, 3998, 2425, 13, 6551, 423, 21959, 3470, 13, 10177, 2425, 13, 37742, 13, 27665, 13, 285, 5615, 34604, 15, 496, 1859, 273, 436, 11541, 434, 6349, 13, 253, 6297, 10938, 697, 3275, 285, 253, 9130, 18611, 697, 3470, 452, 644, 9814, 15, 35625, 310, 247, 3558, 273, 247, 11541, 2021, 13, 1690, 15015, 824, 347, 7124, 5154, 13, 4279, 249, 13, 285, 3116, 14689, 20437, 14689, 15, 2053, 15015, 778, 452, 16323, 407, 22472, 35793, 9904, 342, 3320, 35793, 15, 380, 1966, 35625, 3320, 4428, 5093, 39700, 13, 1016, 9706, 247, 5799, 5164, 5028, 327, 253, 2601, 20379, 390, 253, 7959, 15, 35625, 3320, 16917, 403, 7194, 1119, 275, 8512, 390, 23586, 14, 4919, 1341, 15, 35625, 3320, 2048, 310, 13527, 407, 16069, 285, 35527, 6298, 326, 8162, 281, 697, 16743, 1453, 15, 35625, 45956, 697, 1159, 3066, 6437, 14, 11181, 2718, 13, 27149, 2625, 28942, 9130, 13, 1690, 35943, 15, 733, 476, 769, 347, 247, 34254, 34242, 13, 39650, 351, 11699, 13, 285, 247, 4279, 356, 462, 15, 1284, 247, 3116, 285, 16743, 19768, 13, 35625, 778, 452, 247, 9560, 1055, 347, 247, 16069, 5788, 2803, 15, 844, 3091, 4262, 432, 253, 3320, 281, 697, 2709, 3470, 15, 2948, 294, 187, 187, 4064, 4014, 6033, 1395, 13940, 1710, 8975, 535, 187, 1545, 1071, 64, 455, 64, 30172, 64, 15068, 9, 13880, 64, 7341, 2262, 187, 50274, 3113, 313, 13880, 64, 7341, 1227, 686, 32600, 14, 250, 3065, 16, 8780, 14, 14005, 15, 37520, 8539, 5758, 9, 27676, 5473, 17880, 14, 25, 3401, 347, 29439, 27, 187, 50270, 15068, 64, 30172, 426, 873, 9, 4251, 9, 1344, 15, 77, 25763, 13, 294, 15, 8606, 455, 9, 83, 46628, 551, 21, 889, 88, 23547, 1383, 29439, 15, 1088, 5715, 294, 15, 38299, 3077, 7570, 10689, 535, 50274, 8271, 8472, 9, 15068, 64, 30172, 10, 2239, 470, 187, 50274, 1542, 1416, 275, 14035, 9, 26839, 1710, 8975, 2262, 187, 50270, 9573, 426, 755, 9573, 9, 26839, 1710, 8975, 13, 1416, 10, 187, 50270, 338, 1067, 494, 9, 9573, 10, 285, 417, 1416, 15, 5478, 2140, 334, 2073, 64, 46976, 187, 50266, 8271, 1416, 275, 1246, 64, 30172, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 28935, 3550, 7645, 15, 17471, 3, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 20602, 16, 8124, 15, 73, 31, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 4658, 13473, 624, 16, 28935, 64, 5374, 15, 17471, 31, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 4598, 6443, 605, 18833, 15, 17471, 3, 187, 187, 12361, 46007, 426, 5135, 13473, 624, 28, 187, 5302, 31048, 1450, 9571, 1450, 37748, 1450, 45447, 2765, 7104, 28, 187, 187, 45447, 2765, 7104, 1450, 45447, 2765, 7104, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 94, 187, 187, 45447, 2765, 7104, 1450, 95, 45447, 2765, 7104, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4353, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 36001, 6432, 398, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 8250, 1874, 187, 50274, 36001, 9, 17, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4353, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 11241, 9, 8400, 1450, 11000, 29, 5792, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 31, 1030, 7, 21736, 10, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 605, 20004, 1711, 941, 187, 50274, 1542, 313, 15149, 352, 426, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 2043, 1874, 352, 3613, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 423, 1874, 10, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 15149, 269, 426, 6268, 1450, 8606, 64, 338, 9, 187, 50266, 365, 398, 15, 2043, 5715, 187, 50266, 365, 398, 15, 423, 5715, 187, 50266, 60, 262, 880, 5792, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1030, 7, 268, 10, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 2309, 268, 15, 532, 2295, 352, 1168, 532, 28, 187, 50266, 9897, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 71, 2295, 21736, 15, 423, 6649, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 262, 426, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 254, 511, 9, 262, 558, 187, 50266, 10990, 3848, 24894, 9, 8400, 1450, 19893, 9, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 2043, 5715, 352, 4027, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 7271, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 3424, 262, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 605, 5733, 390, 5731, 747, 941, 535, 50274, 1542, 313, 15149, 352, 426, 21736, 15, 2043, 1874, 352, 3613, 21736, 15, 423, 1874, 352, 9234, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 15149, 269, 426, 6268, 1450, 8606, 64, 338, 9, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 2043, 5715, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 423, 5715, 544, 262, 880, 5792, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 7, 268, 10, 551, 1091, 268, 15, 532, 2295, 352, 1168, 532, 28, 6824, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 71, 2295, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 423, 6649, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 11340, 64, 2135, 9672, 262, 558, 187, 50266, 10990, 2946, 1834, 1874, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 7271, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 15149, 4181, 426, 6268, 1450, 19893, 9, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 2043, 5715, 269, 558, 187, 50266, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 255, 9, 19893, 10, 426, 475, 262, 28, 187, 50266, 10990, 17196, 9, 19893, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 94, 187, 187, 10790, 540, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 3633, 13317, 6878, 1082, 1030, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 2309, 29085, 1450, 64, 9684, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 22358, 2776, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 3633, 13317, 2548, 9, 10790, 540, 847, 10, 1030, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 2309, 346, 2703, 3664, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4353, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 3633, 3902, 3463, 10990, 9, 22358, 40734, 708, 15417, 13, 10698, 540, 4194, 13, 10698, 540, 847, 10, 1030, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 5792, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1030, 7, 14218, 426, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 255, 9, 736, 558, 535, 50274, 16065, 313, 2052, 10, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50274, 5045, 29085, 1450, 3123, 27, 187, 50270, 15417, 426, 14218, 15, 532, 15, 12025, 5023, 936, 64, 2703, 1874, 187, 50270, 7054, 28, 187, 50274, 5045, 29085, 1450, 8975, 27, 187, 50270, 15417, 426, 22365, 2776, 1450, 4509, 18441, 25, 9, 28935, 15, 8780, 558, 187, 50270, 7054, 28, 187, 50274, 5045, 29085, 1450, 17466, 27, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 8400, 1450, 2703, 4963, 12201, 28, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1450, 47606, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1450, 28213, 64, 348, 8163, 10, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 12790, 5291, 346, 69, 36417, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50266, 7271, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 12790, 5291, 346, 37, 36417, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1450, 28213, 64, 39619, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1450, 348, 8163, 10, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 12790, 5291, 346, 86, 36417, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50266, 7271, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 12790, 5291, 346, 54, 36417, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64 ]	är det som håller på att hända? All mat renas I Bibeln får man äta all slags mat. Det finns inget förbud. Det är nog inget problem för klimatet heller vad för slags mat vi äter, utan det är nog andra problem. Förresten så renar kroppen all mat, vilket Jesus själv säger. Mark 7:18. Då sa han [Jesus] till dem: Är ni också så oförståndiga? Förstår ni inte att inget som utifrån kommer in i människan kan orena henne? 19. För det går inte in i hennes hjärta utan ner i magen, genom vilken all mat renas och har sin naturliga utgång. En sak är viktigt Dessutom står det också så här i Bibeln: Apg 15:28. För den Helige Ande och vi har beslutat att inte lägga på er någon ytterligare börda, förutom detta som är nödvändigt: 29. Att ni ska avhålla er från det som är offrat åt avgudarna, och från blod, och från kött av kvävda djur och från otukt. Om ni noga aktar er för detta, gör ni rätt. Farväl. Själv resonerar jag så här om vad som är nyttigt och onyttigt: Ät allt i lagom mängd så blir det nog inga problem. Vilken tröst detta ger oss. Vi behöver inte hålla på med massa lagar och kontroll för att bli frälsta. Bara en enda sak är viktigt och det är att man tar emot Jesus och blir frälst. Jag läste en gång om en läkare som drack två liter morotsjuice om dagen eftersom det skulle vara nyttigt. Han dog av skrumplever för att hans lever klarade inte av så mycket morotsjuice varje dag. Propaganda Det här med klimatet verka vara en undanflykt för att kontrollera människor. Vad är det för en agenda som egentligen ligger bakom? Är det för att till sist kunna sätta Antikrist på tronen? Du behöver inte vara rädd för vad du äter, och inte heller behöver du ha dåligt samvete. Ät och må bra. Gå inte på propagandan som kommer på olika sätt för att kunna styra och kontrollera ditt liv. Sådan propaganda blir mer och mer tydligt i den tid som vi nu lever i. Det är ett tidstecken. Det enda som är viktigast och betydelsefullt i ditt liv är att du tar emot Jesus Kristus och blir frälst! Rom 14:17. För Guds rike är inte mat och dryck, utan rättfärdighet och frid och glädje i den Helige Ande. Christer Åberg #Vegeterian #Adolf Hitler #Förskola #Västerbotten #Klimatet 24 kommentarer Sida 1 av 3 Sida 2 av 3 Sida 3 av 3 1 2 »3 VIP: molecular biology and neurobiological function. In the mammalian brain, a major regulatory peptide is vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). This 28 amino acid peptide, originally isolated from the porcine duodenum, was later found in the central and peripheral nervous systems and in endocrine cells, where it exhibits neurotransmitter and hormonal roles. Increasing evidence points to VIP's importance as a mediator or a modulator of several basic functions. Thus, VIP is a major factor in brain activity, neuroendocrine functions, cardiac activity, respiration, digestion, and sexual potency. In view of this peptide's importance, the mechanisms controlling its production and the pathways regulating its functions have been reviewed. VIP is a member of a peptide family, including peptides such as glucagon, secretin, and growth hormone releasing hormone. These peptides may have evolved by exon duplication coupled with gene duplication. The human VIP gene contains seven exons, each encoding a distinct functional domain on the protein precursor or the mRNA. VIP gene transcripts are mainly found in neurons or neuron-related cells. VIP gene expression is regulated by neuronal and endocrine signals that contribute to its developmental control. VIP exerts its function via receptor-mediated systems, activating signal transduction pathways, including cAMP. It can act as a neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, and a secretagog. As a growth and developmental regulator, VIP may have a crucial effect as a neuronal survival factor. We shall proceed from the gene to its multiple functions.import re from telethon import TelegramClient def test_all_methods_present(docs_dir): with (docs_dir / 'quick-references/client-reference.rst').open(encoding='utf-8') as fd: present_methods = set(map(str.lstrip, re.findall(r'^ {4}\w+$', fd.read(), re.MULTILINE))) assert len(present_methods) > 0 for name in dir(TelegramClient): attr = getattr(TelegramClient, name) if callable(attr) and not name.startswith('_'): assert name in present_methods #include "peerlistmodel.hpp" #include <fmt/format.h> #include <libtorrent/peer_info.hpp> #include "../../core//utils.hpp" namespace lt = libtorrent; using pt::UI::Models::PeerListModel; PeerListModel::PeerListModel() { } PeerListModel::~PeerListModel() { } void PeerListModel::ResetPeers() { m_data.clear(); Reset(0); } void PeerListModel::Update(std::vector<lt::peer_info> const& peers) { // Remove old data for (auto it = m_data.begin(); it != m_data.end();) { auto f = std::find_if( peers.begin(), peers.end(), [it](lt::peer_info const& p) { return p.ip == it->ip; }); if (f == peers.end()) { it = m_data.erase(it); RowDeleted(std::distance(m_data.begin(), it)); } else { ++it; } } // Add or update new data for (auto it = peers.begin(); it != peers.end(); it++) { auto f = std::find_if(m_data.begin(), m_data.end(), [it](lt::peer_info& p) { return p.ip == it->ip; }); if (f == m_data.end()) { m_data.push_back(it); RowAppended(); } else { auto distance = std::distance(m_data.begin(), f); m_data.at(distance) = it; RowChanged(distance); } } } unsigned int PeerListModel::GetColumnCount() const { return Column::_Max; } wxString PeerListModel::GetColumnType(unsigned int col) const { return "string"; } void PeerListModel::GetValueByRow(wxVariant &variant, unsigned int row, unsigned int col) const { lt::peer_info const& peer = m_data.at(row); switch (col) { case Column::IP: variant = peer.ip.address().to_string(); break; case Column::Client: variant = wxString::FromUTF8(peer.client); break; case Column::Flags: { std::stringstream flags; if (peer.flags & lt::peer_info::interesting) { if (peer.flags & lt::peer_info::remote_choked) { flags << "d "; } else { flags << "D "; } } if (peer.flags & lt::peer_info::remote_interested) { if (peer.flags & lt::peer_info::choked) { flags << "u "; } else { flags << "U "; } } if (peer.flags & lt::peer_
[ 13, 533, 4555, 665, 703, 3589, 457, 85, 2119, 15, 380, 7060, 285, 24683, 28713, 5675, 598, 275, 253, 8438, 22211, 3684, 778, 417, 452, 18998, 752, 253, 2852, 2918, 275, 4657, 323, 617, 28, 778, 417, 452, 18998, 326, 581, 1388, 703, 651, 320, 1375, 6423, 273, 253, 10566, 42263, 15, 187, 187, 688, 48730, 27920, 24161, 8438, 22211, 27, 418, 21362, 378, 15, 5219, 285, 253, 10566, 42263, 13, 24810, 14, 35364, 407, 7612, 1282, 31235, 250, 33888, 253, 1495, 273, 436, 5079, 3570, 16928, 13, 5068, 342, 617, 4201, 275, 3599, 6972, 13, 6112, 13, 275, 24810, 13, 617, 7875, 281, 14296, 32427, 285, 22531, 44402, 5219, 285, 617, 31313, 432, 28340, 34891, 9182, 6822, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 7216, 13, 3978, 374, 13, 387, 818, 27, 1229, 268, 15, 78, 904, 6112, 13626, 588, 1246, 271, 3909, 5955, 342, 31235, 250, 13, 4933, 10668, 253, 4839, 281, 3037, 625, 670, 436, 8857, 273, 776, 1375, 457, 84, 2892, 15, 1916, 10078, 13, 564, 281, 30557, 284, 454, 7109, 284, 15, 7109, 4938, 1768, 15, 2061, 16, 3305, 14, 34583, 15, 187, 187, 45, 21362, 5219, 457, 84, 23490, 281, 7895, 3570, 323, 8118, 2448, 7815, 2908, 8672, 285, 13423, 13, 5299, 13, 4730, 13, 2675, 285, 5054, 23809, 13, 285, 8645, 13919, 15, 2732, 9417, 347, 6423, 273, 10566, 42263, 457, 84, 8920, 12265, 285, 5909, 23168, 1475, 253, 1375, 13, 5219, 3395, 4007, 273, 253, 14296, 8857, 275, 22745, 285, 1375, 6423, 273, 253, 10566, 42263, 275, 24344, 15, 380, 2129, 1078, 617, 2471, 275, 23305, 13, 253, 3872, 10566, 42263, 4232, 253, 418, 21362, 5219, 20574, 10980, 275, 617, 10390, 15, 187, 187, 7673, 11985, 403, 3551, 598, 1996, 436, 807, 323, 253, 6112, 13626, 7225, 9585, 15, 3856, 403, 690, 273, 253, 2987, 326, 588, 320, 12819, 27, 36179, 10168, 327, 253, 330, 4046, 6572, 3683, 13, 16168, 407, 31336, 416, 15, 12962, 5462, 28, 285, 1023, 255, 273, 13958, 27, 380, 19096, 1595, 1070, 28919, 273, 16916, 13, 36179, 407, 30274, 34877, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4247, 4059, 5955, 7106, 327, 3968, 434, 3660, 27, 308, 21489, 670, 253, 10109, 3660, 285, 444, 1342, 26919, 318, 327, 7160, 7783, 394, 7359, 1564, 3927, 13, 16168, 407, 12824, 418, 15, 329, 13356, 15, 2064, 2086, 369, 1160, 1896, 275, 629, 342, 247, 4098, 432, 8801, 1005, 6112, 13, 253, 1375, 26582, 273, 253, 3313, 8072, 319, 420, 323, 253, 8801, 1005, 15, 187, 187, 510, 6112, 13626, 15650, 7225, 9585, 369, 4447, 407, 49065, 665, 971, 625, 9091, 281, 3037, 285, 2319, 776, 6096, 2892, 15, 380, 1984, 5453, 16382, 3909, 4768, 253, 807, 285, 4245, 10668, 247, 4839, 281, 2319, 12989, 342, 4879, 10071, 15, 187, 187, 42546, 12989, 452, 2908, 15636, 7359, 35122, 13, 253, 2554, 273, 6112, 275, 253, 10109, 3660, 285, 253, 27598, 1457, 4693, 13, 6112, 13, 2143, 18864, 15, 14422, 18435, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 9037, 1852, 31774, 13, 285, 619, 12958, 3063, 403, 10471, 17918, 5495, 38300, 285, 7670, 23860, 29091, 15, 187, 187, 10342, 1524, 8304, 12946, 13, 4266, 2908, 13, 403, 8106, 273, 13654, 327, 253, 3477, 7622, 347, 352, 3249, 281, 1421, 5978, 285, 45587, 15, 7532, 7274, 281, 9137, 824, 347, 1480, 8888, 403, 9338, 285, 973, 13, 533, 417, 9591, 347, 973, 347, 597, 908, 281, 15, 187, 187, 45484, 5495, 285, 7670, 403, 629, 273, 752, 309, 457, 620, 1067, 253, 747, 8685, 273, 12946, 326, 403, 7378, 281, 6947, 625, 673, 327, 37676, 941, 13, 1663, 4685, 253, 40155, 273, 616, 2791, 13, 285, 9142, 13, 8871, 598, 253, 4481, 281, 3057, 2442, 34864, 275, 247, 20260, 4632, 15, 35694, 2746, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 816, 2970, 3053, 275, 23415, 285, 452, 247, 3710, 7563, 13, 436, 310, 1175, 3668, 323, 368, 15, 1310, 368, 457, 250, 247, 18425, 25820, 326, 457, 84, 644, 7378, 281, 6947, 1943, 2583, 327, 1421, 5978, 13, 436, 310, 671, 1175, 323, 368, 2866, 284, 368, 452, 253, 5300, 281, 755, 436, 2218, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 8783, 273, 1270, 295, 814, 18145, 6096, 3063, 327, 253, 921, 2866, 2369, 2647, 835, 368, 457, 250, 387, 275, 634, 1524, 8304, 23415, 5249, 2866, 5658, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 3037, 690, 6422, 12192, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 457, 84, 755, 3053, 15, 7764, 1361, 479, 10112, 17918, 5495, 285, 7670, 281, 253, 921, 15, 187, 187, 12412, 22850, 273, 436, 921, 187, 187, 46785, 17918, 5495, 38300, 285, 7670, 23860, 29091, 13, 11401, 641, 275, 253, 16146, 2791, 15, 187, 187, 36599, 253, 1612, 273, 13654, 327, 941, 281, 4446, 634, 1421, 5978, 4712, 323, 17194, 34864, 13, 4632, 15, 2280, 9137, 7274, 15, 187, 187, 22196, 776, 7827, 670, 253, 6349, 273, 8958, 634, 2791, 13, 35900, 3374, 13, 285, 13554, 387, 253, 23367, 2127, 1268, 1805, 685, 3780, 2010, 15, 187, 187, 36599, 670, 253, 6349, 273, 2970, 9848, 342, 970, 253, 4481, 347, 634, 1852, 18, 4968, 342, 34864, 15, 187, 187, 22804, 285, 39073, 432, 436, 921, 27, 187, 187, 19577, 281, 253, 26319, 11099, 273, 436, 33590, 187, 187, 6623, 532, 47, 15182, 10684, 38654, 27, 187, 187, 26946, 27, 831, 310, 253, 2884, 532, 47, 15182, 15, 681, 40900, 10417, 22301, 11401, 272, 10684, 13, 253, 921, 323, 1524, 8304, 12946, 13, 1880, 368, 457, 250, 247, 18425, 390, 7138, 747, 15, 309, 457, 78, 634, 3167, 13, 10035, 31405, 918, 13, 285, 1016, 2129, 13, 309, 3324, 368, 247, 747, 6485, 12141, 326, 588, 3894, 616, 3640, 285, 15880, 342, 368, 15, 1310, 368, 457, 250, 9049, 670, 1524, 8304, 23415, 13, 2868, 275, 3367, 8294, 285, 3192, 1453, 273, 634, 1495, 285, 4832, 31776, 13, 368, 457, 250, 275, 253, 987, 1659, 15, 187, 1552, 310, 9037, 1180, 40657, 13, 285, 619, 12958, 3063, 403, 10471, 17918, 5495, 38300, 285, 7670, 23860, 29091, 15, 5595, 1524, 8304, 12946, 13, 4266, 2908, 13, 403, 8106, 273, 13654, 327, 253, 3477, 7622, 347, 352, 3249, 281, 1421, 5978, 285, 45587, 15, 7532, 7274, 281, 9137, 13, 824, 347, 1480, 8888, 13, 403, 9338, 285, 973, 13, 533, 597, 457, 250, 816, 417, 9591, 347, 973, 347, 597, 908, 281, 15, 187, 45484, 5495, 285, 7670, 403, 247, 629, 273, 752, 309, 457, 620, 1067, 253, 747, 8685, 273, 12946, 326, 403, 7378, 281, 6947, 625, 673, 327, 37676, 941, 13, 1663, 4685, 253, 40155, 273, 616, 2791, 13, 285, 9142, 7378, 281, 2619, 598, 253, 4481, 285, 3057, 2442, 34864, 275, 247, 20260, 7147, 247, 35694, 2746, 15, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 816, 2970, 3053, 275, 23415, 285, 452, 247, 3710, 7563, 13, 436, 310, 1175, 3668, 323, 368, 15, 3954, 604, 368, 457, 250, 247, 18425, 25820, 326, 457, 84, 644, 7378, 281, 6947, 1943, 2583, 327, 1421, 5978, 13, 436, 310, 671, 1175, 323, 368, 347, 368, 452, 253, 5300, 281, 755, 436, 2218, 12401, 3780, 2010, 15, 1707, 403, 247, 2257, 273, 1270, 295, 814, 18145, 6096, 275, 3063, 457, 84, 921, 15, 309, 1053, 457, 85, 971, 281, 20016, 253, 24511, 1060, 15, 1621, 2647, 835, 368, 457, 250, 387, 275, 634, 1524, 8304, 23415, 5249, 13, 368, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 3037, 690, 1077, 6422, 12192, 285, 690, 4217, 1491, 326, 368, 476, 1691, 275, 1659, 987, 1024, 281, 1361, 1973, 634, 2136, 15, 1281, 457, 84, 564, 6386, 285, 755, 3053, 15, 7764, 1361, 479, 10112, 17918, 5495, 285, 7670, 281, 253, 921, 15, 187, 8262, 13, 6068, 15, 28980, 281, 253, 921, 15, 187, 45484, 5495, 27, 8398, 368, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 8398, 368, 13, 10035, 15, 11239, 368, 323, 1907, 441, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 6506, 13, 9049, 281, 452, 368, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 1147, 457, 84, 247, 11284, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 6506, 13, 9049, 281, 452, 368, 6068, 327, 3063, 15, 1244, 20509, 352, 457, 84, 9648, 7520, 15, 844, 457, 306, 574, 352, 1078, 15, 844, 574, 767, 952, 327, 387, 2378, 13, 533, 368, 6068, 403, 751, 13189, 15, 1422, 457, 250, 12331, 387, 253, 13290, 285, 10279, 10950, 689, 627, 13, 594, 309, 457, 78, 1663, 9049, 281, 452, 368, 327, 15, 309, 457, 78, 1663, 9049, 281, 2312, 3063, 670, 13, 368, 871, 13, 359, 497, 5015, 670, 436, 6386, 273, 673, 323, 12633, 326, 403, 11298, 987, 1024, 310, 13, 285, 309, 457, 78, 8106, 273, 436, 1512, 15, 1284, 247, 1524, 8304, 25820, 323, 253, 2469, 884, 13, 1903, 1107, 13, 309, 457, 306, 2238, 273, 2218, 752, 954, 12946, 513, 13, 285, 326, 457, 84, 2238, 273, 253, 35694, 2746, 13, 751, 347, 309, 1756, 309, 816, 3630, 247, 8750, 285, 8750, 2451, 285, 5007, 562, 625, 285, 625, 1480, 8888, 390, 1611, 281, 513, 1841, 275, 247, 2280, 1039, 326, 310, 3477, 323, 479, 281, 7450, 247, 6409, 432, 3212, 247, 4382, 285, 417, 2238, 273, 755, 8166, 7106, 15, 187, 1989, 13, 368, 871, 13, 247, 2257, 273, 1110, 1841, 326, 359, 457, 306, 2218, 689, 253, 1107, 816, 6403, 457, 85, 2444, 347, 973, 347, 597, 908, 281, 13, 285, 952, 326, 403, 2509, 1663, 973, 987, 1024, 13, 751, 368, 6068, 13, 309, 1119, 403, 3192, 247, 1077, 2238, 273, 12082, 285, 625, 273, 247, 20260, 2746, 7147, 247, 35694, 2746, 15, 1893, 309, 1053, 457, 85, 971, 281, 20016, 512, 273, 634, 24511, 13, 533, 326, 457, 84, 2238, 273, 253, 26536, 273, 752, 359, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 2312, 670, 3063, 15, 1893, 969, 13, 9049, 281, 452, 368, 6068, 1060, 15, 18793, 13, 1078, 359, 755, 3053, 13, 2139, 1053, 457, 85, 368, 6068, 2028, 441, 247, 1652, 2372, 670, 634, 4114, 285, 2238, 273, 849, 368, 1694, 3053, 275, 1524, 8304, 23415, 15, 187, 45484, 5495, 27, 309, 1599, 13, 776, 4114, 835, 13, 359, 457, 306, 644, 3858, 323, 670, 1384, 1107, 15, 28810, 285, 5439, 275, 3684, 3968, 275, 22755, 15, 1244, 359, 1097, 4395, 281, 16146, 13, 752, 369, 352, 32, 309, 4395, 1060, 884, 1107, 3622, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 1244, 309, 4395, 2800, 1107, 3622, 13, 10902, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 19619, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 3932, 309, 369, 275, 6831, 309, 3053, 690, 9341, 275, 22755, 13, 690, 3909, 14, 4919, 9341, 13, 285, 672, 309, 4395, 715, 253, 530, 15, 52, 904, 309, 369, 2819, 281, 513, 1633, 13359, 15, 1244, 840, 846, 247, 1643, 1107, 1469, 896, 285, 6593, 13, 309, 4720, 13762, 17918, 5495, 15, 187, 45484, 5495, 27, 754, 22944, 479, 281, 247, 1524, 8304, 23415, 5453, 1060, 275, 19896, 472, 15, 2064, 457, 84, 849, 352, 512, 3053, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 33469, 281, 247, 1524, 8304, 5453, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 11739, 15, 844, 1239, 253, 773, 17389, 16522, 28897, 16522, 1806, 285, 597, 497, 29570, 253, 3872, 5689, 5236, 5864, 15, 1244, 840, 359, 3053, 2819, 323, 581, 10151, 13, 285, 359, 7402, 598, 1469, 281, 581, 285, 309, 13762, 17918, 5495, 13, 773, 1466, 457, 84, 564, 13, 4496, 4517, 479, 15, 831, 581, 310, 1469, 281, 320, 1175, 15, 1281, 457, 84, 564, 15, 1281, 457, 84, 564, 1425, 1244, 359, 2427, 281, 352, 285, 359, 4425, 281, 564, 512, 275, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 2064, 457, 84, 1270, 15, 1422, 871, 752, 457, 84, 11755, 13, 327, 253, 921, 751, 12832, 13, 3164, 247, 2626, 273, 253, 2722, 309, 457, 306, 2455, 574, 3798, 1333, 13, 368, 871, 13, 773, 5872, 309, 1239, 2802, 17389, 16522, 28897, 16522, 8, 668, 390, 773, 5872, 309, 2427, 281, 247, 1524, 8304, 5453, 1806, 285, 594, 352, 457, 84, 2238, 273, 247, 502, 469, 860, 387, 436, 1127, 13, 533, 326, 457, 84, 849, 954, 952, 964, 964, 964, 10916, 27459, 13, 309, 369, 253, 1072, 1039, 15, 309, 2427, 281, 247, 1524, 8304, 13, 247, 1980, 1524, 8304, 5453, 285, 13, 368, 871, 13, 309, 1904, 457, 85, 3037, 247, 2644, 2257, 627, 13, 533, 326, 369, 253, 16803, 326, 1694, 479, 6110, 285, 2238, 273, 32464, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 1621, 13, 352, 369, 8839, 253, 1072, 323, 441, 15, 4683, 2282, 13, 359, 6311, 432, 731, 13, 359, 4802, 342, 247, 2257, 273, 952, 13, 533, 359, 1904, 457, 85, 1379, 253, 9022, 4263, 2086, 627, 390, 2712, 15 ]	, but exactly who she wasn’t sure. The smart and ambitious teenager growing up in the Jim Crow South may not have imagined what the future held in store for her; may not have imagined that one day she would be state director of the NAACP. In Struggle Against Jim Crow: Lulu B. White and the NAACP, 1900-1957 by Merline Pitre examines the life of this civil rights champion, beginning with her birth in Elmo, Texas, in 1900, her marriage to Houston businessman and activist Julius White and her graduation from Prairie View College. On Monday, June 2, at 7:30 p.m., Texas PBS will present an online discussion with Pitre, giving readers the chance to learn more about this chapter of our state’s history. To participate, go to texasourtexas.texaspbs.org/book-club. Lulu White’s struggles to secure rights for African American citizens included politics and voting, labor, education, social and economic reforms, and gender equality. After serving as director of NAACP’s youth council and opening chapters around the state, White became president of the Houston chapter in 1939 and state director of the NAACP in 1949. The week before her death in 1957, the national NAACP established the Lulu White Freedom Fund in her honor. More discussions are coming up later this year for the Texas PBS Book Club. Here are some of the works that will be featured:Texas Women on the Cattle Trails, edited by Sara R. Massey; and Seat of Empire: The Embattled Birth of Austin,Texas by Jeffrey Kerr. The January 2014 discussion focused on America's War: Talking about the Civil War and Emancipation on Their 150th Anniversaries, edited by Edward L. Ayers. That program was made possible in part with a grant from Humanities Texas, the state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. The Texas PBS Online Book Club was formed by Texans who want more opportunities to learn and discuss our shared history. The book club meets online throughout the year and gives readers a chance to discuss topics with noted experts. Past topics have included Governor Ann Richards, the role of Texas in the Civil War and the 1937 New London, Texas, school explosion.Show Summary This is episode #441, and my guests today are partners Felipe Boss and Jesus Toledo. Most real estate investors, myself included, are guilty of focusing on the easy route as it comes to lead generation and acquisitions. Mass approaches to marketing such as direct mail are alive and well, but not performing as well as they used to. Felipe and Jesus are part of what I’ll call the new era of investors that are willing to spend more time on researching data, really understanding the specifics of their market, and ultimately, picking up the phone to contact potential sellers in a rifle vs. shotgun approach. If you’re just getting started in investing and have a limited budget, this is good news for you. If you’re a veteran investor that’s been willing to spend big money on lead generation, this is also good for you…as you have the resources to get this done. There are lots of great nuggets shared today on the show…no matter where you’re at in your real estate investing career…you’re going to learn some powerful tips. Let’s get started. Please help me welcome Felipe and Jesus to the show. Highlights of this show Meet Felipe Boss and Jesus Toledo, Investors in the Miami market. Learn the power of focusing on data to drive your lead generation activities for motivated sellers, vs. mass marketing approaches. Join our conversation about the importance of knowing your market, zoning issues, and trends at the zip code level better than anyone else. Learn about the importance of getting comfortable with using the phone as your #1 tool with sellers. Resources and Links from this show: Listen to the Audio Version of this Episode FlipNerd Show Transcript: Mike: This is the FlipNerd.com Expert Real Estate Investing Show, the show for real estate investors, whether you’re a veteran or brand new. I’m your host, Mike Hambright, and each week, I bring you a new expert guest that will share their knowledge and lessons with you. If you’re excited about real estate investing, believe in personal responsibility and taking control of your life and financial destiny, you’re in the right place. This is episode number 441, and my guests today are partners Felipe Boss and Jesus Toledo. Most real estate investors, myself included, are guilty of focusing on the easy route as it comes to lead generation and acquisitions. Mass approaches to marketing, such as direct mail, are alive and well, but they’re just not performing as well as they used to. Felipe and Jesus are a part of what I’ll call the new era of investors that are willing to spend more time on researching data, really understanding the specifics of their market, and ultimately willing to pick up the phone and contact potential sellers in a rifle versus a shotgun approach. If you’re just getting started in investing and have a limited budget, this is good news for you. Now if you’re a veteran investor that’s been willing to spend big money on lead generation, this is also good for you as you have the resources to get this done unlike anyone else. There are a lot of great nuggets shared in today’s show. I don’t want to steal the thunder here. No matter where you’re at in your real estate investing career, you’re going to learn some very powerful tips and some useful information that you can put in place right now to help build your business. Let’s go ahead and get started. Please help me welcome Felipe and Jesus to the show. Hey, guys. Welcome to the show. Felipe:Thank you. Jesus:Thank you, Mike. Thank you for having us. Mike:Yeah, excited to have you. Jesus:It’s a pleasure. Mike:Yeah, excited to have you guys on today. And honestly it’s fairly rare. We’ve had it before. We had two people on at once, but you guys are like brothers. You’re tied at the hip and mad scientists over there, so I’m really excited to have you on. I’m really excited to talk today about, you know, we were talking about this ahead of time for folks that are listening right now is, and I’m guilty of this too. As a real estate investor for the past 10, 11 years, I’ve kind of done what most investors do, and that’s kind of the shotgun approach, like as I grow I just write a bigger and bigger check and send out more and more direct mail or try to do things in a mass way that is easy for me to push a button from behind a computer and not kind of get laser focused. But, you know, a lot of those things that we’ve done over the years just aren’t working as well as they used to, and people that are doing really well right now, like you guys, I found are taking a very kind of systematic and more of a rifle approach versus a shotgun approach. So I don’t want to steal all of your thunder, but that’s kind of the premise of what we’re going to talk about today. So again, excited to have you guys here. Hey, before we get started, why don’t you guys tell us a little bit about your background and kind of how you got started in real estate investing. Felipe: I mean, our background where, we’ve been friends for about 20 years. Born and raised in South America in Chile. And we both moved to Miami, what was it? I moved here 10 years ago. Jesus: And I moved six years ago, yeah. Mike: Okay. Jesus: Since I was in college I started some businesses in Chile, some online-related businesses, and when I moved into the U.S., I was looking to do something differently. And then after a few years going back and forth, I finally convinced Felipe. Felipe: He dragged me to a real estate investing club here in Broward. That’s how it all started. Mike: Going to a real estate club. Jesus: Yeah. We read the “Rich Dad Poor Dad,” and they were mentioning the national REIA association. And then we started looking for one nearby, and we ended up going to one and I convinced Felipe, “Let’s go, please trust me. This one is going to be good. Let’s go. Let’s go.” And we went to it and we decided to go all in. Mike: That’s great. You know what’s funny, on the show like literally, probably a third of the shows I’ve ever had usually say, you know, “Then I read ‘Rich Dad Poor Dad'” or “Then I went to a real estate club,” and so it’s kind of a cliché at this point, but that’s how most people . . . Honestly, I was the same way. I went to a real estate, a local real estate club and, you know, I didn’t learn a whole lot there, but that was the catalyst that got me interested and kind of hooked. Jesus: No, it was absolutely the same for us. Of course, we learned from them, we connected with a lot of people, but we didn’t take the mentoring program there or anything.
[ 5748, 3603, 15, 329, 42995, 1708, 5149, 273, 3638, 3408, 310, 4272, 715, 767, 5149, 6342, 84, 326, 403, 6828, 2112, 4858, 5748, 11865, 13, 10775, 13, 247, 1071, 1854, 285, 247, 3806, 1854, 15, 380, 1071, 1854, 3797, 253, 5748, 2553, 1146, 5762, 13, 285, 253, 3806, 1854, 3797, 247, 1929, 3806, 2553, 15, 2732, 18964, 432, 1071, 285, 3806, 9421, 13, 253, 767, 5149, 6342, 84, 403, 21084, 967, 9046, 271, 16165, 12935, 15, 401, 20683, 6127, 273, 253, 16165, 12935, 403, 12814, 281, 4044, 5593, 273, 253, 2553, 48865, 273, 253, 1071, 2553, 15, 187, 34, 5020, 273, 12320, 5748, 9421, 403, 19474, 13288, 15, 380, 1929, 16165, 7480, 5609, 403, 3340, 973, 18960, 281, 2557, 40886, 19474, 9421, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 1127, 1708, 2603, 778, 320, 4441, 275, 253, 1071, 1854, 387, 253, 4055, 273, 16841, 273, 253, 40886, 1071, 2553, 15, 1916, 253, 6070, 326, 253, 1071, 2553, 310, 7777, 19474, 13, 253, 1708, 1607, 272, 265, 387, 2622, 9364, 281, 253, 1071, 2553, 285, 310, 13767, 709, 2231, 2112, 697, 3236, 1854, 896, 281, 253, 1708, 2603, 15, 6101, 11254, 273, 253, 11392, 1708, 432, 697, 3236, 1854, 11330, 39411, 46598, 275, 271, 11689, 3102, 342, 247, 3806, 5149, 6342, 24838, 273, 247, 16018, 432, 653, 379, 5755, 15, 187, 6436, 13, 352, 310, 1199, 625, 2834, 281, 897, 16165, 7480, 5609, 281, 2557, 1781, 17133, 19474, 9421, 15, 14117, 5748, 3603, 403, 908, 281, 26276, 271, 2460, 273, 253, 1127, 2603, 281, 253, 4055, 273, 16841, 273, 17133, 9421, 15, 380, 1127, 2603, 2460, 310, 774, 19416, 407, 22881, 326, 1364, 320, 1160, 1781, 2217, 281, 4711, 247, 5975, 3390, 1708, 8325, 1907, 16888, 23154, 387, 2622, 9364, 281, 253, 29615, 273, 253, 17133, 2553, 15, 2053, 22881, 403, 8214, 285, 2834, 281, 1056, 281, 2424, 7200, 15, 496, 958, 13, 352, 4916, 45783, 281, 6833, 5748, 3603, 342, 4209, 7200, 323, 10499, 2176, 1781, 23700, 17133, 9421, 342, 253, 1929, 16165, 7480, 5609, 15, 20007, 14, 2910, 3508, 990, 20388, 27, 271, 3576, 14471, 5199, 846, 18464, 6041, 6769, 20388, 15, 187, 34, 1534, 7155, 273, 6769, 5829, 412, 447, 3464, 18464, 984, 273, 247, 4433, 281, 540, 538, 366, 253, 7318, 886, 360, 15, 2896, 4021, 14, 2910, 3508, 990, 20388, 313, 8904, 38, 582, 8927, 3715, 323, 3676, 4901, 20388, 13, 271, 5010, 18464, 8368, 273, 253, 6769, 1537, 320, 6312, 15, 844, 6760, 253, 2323, 2281, 273, 7318, 45808, 540, 30987, 13, 253, 4606, 323, 697, 4433, 285, 253, 9282, 9099, 273, 970, 399, 8998, 846, 18464, 6041, 6769, 20388, 15, 844, 1304, 776, 2014, 14, 1154, 250, 2793, 273, 970, 399, 8998, 281, 3426, 271, 5010, 18464, 6769, 20388, 15, 329, 2264, 273, 11601, 12640, 1363, 13, 5329, 5086, 285, 10447, 5343, 13, 342, 247, 1599, 2363, 273, 6705, 15, 25, 1107, 13, 665, 574, 29518, 12472, 7259, 13, 497, 6760, 39599, 407, 247, 2278, 273, 616, 3739, 5861, 15, 380, 2022, 5997, 323, 4242, 7318, 45808, 540, 30987, 970, 247, 6041, 6769, 31269, 497, 6287, 4702, 275, 5571, 1363, 313, 3832, 15, 21, 2673, 285, 271, 21134, 2897, 2907, 9788, 78, 1238, 275, 5922, 313, 1619, 15, 26, 10970, 6047, 45808, 540, 30987, 407, 399, 8998, 369, 5547, 275, 8437, 1363, 313, 2055, 15, 23, 10970, 380, 2281, 273, 4433, 369, 417, 2330, 342, 253, 2847, 273, 4433, 273, 253, 2045, 6769, 20388, 15, 496, 7288, 1363, 313, 2385, 15, 19, 2673, 247, 4623, 747, 6120, 369, 1160, 275, 253, 3786, 49187, 629, 273, 253, 6769, 27, 12382, 313, 79, 30, 21, 28, 495, 15, 22, 9498, 581, 390, 625, 12067, 4921, 313, 79, 30, 2385, 28, 5976, 15, 18, 2673, 285, 7318, 45808, 6507, 4373, 32502, 3488, 793, 313, 79, 30, 21, 28, 495, 15, 22, 10970, 8072, 15297, 3488, 808, 4182, 369, 2684, 275, 8319, 1363, 313, 2031, 15, 24, 34649, 767, 10552, 5866, 13, 1097, 1146, 11134, 1501, 18372, 808, 4182, 43662, 723, 15, 496, 5093, 1363, 313, 23, 15, 18, 2673, 247, 6774, 9205, 19187, 369, 2684, 15, 48740, 20388, 407, 399, 8998, 369, 4217, 275, 954, 1363, 275, 5207, 6041, 6769, 20388, 369, 18464, 13, 30472, 273, 253, 2847, 273, 253, 4433, 15, 496, 4829, 2716, 253, 1363, 13, 247, 4623, 747, 6120, 369, 1160, 342, 9282, 9099, 15, 31870, 38856, 329, 868, 13, 390, 8153, 1909, 13, 273, 2282, 13, 452, 1048, 644, 271, 37238, 275, 11072, 10562, 13, 285, 4716, 21239, 1342, 19943, 326, 23888, 1205, 1981, 434, 309, 3859, 3249, 1475, 347, 247, 906, 273, 346, 783, 18395, 273, 253, 46423, 3740, 449, 1244, 342, 23888, 1205, 1981, 1907, 1048, 9425, 3606, 253, 298, 3800, 3740, 342, 616, 39230, 37629, 418, 3800, 25410, 13, 253, 2118, 3133, 751, 247, 3626, 10005, 15, 49, 882, 1520, 1840, 27, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 275, 6086, 11960, 3903, 460, 434, 34197, 13, 19949, 15, 399, 8, 33818, 45416, 369, 42445, 407, 17139, 347, 346, 783, 25038, 34197, 3, 323, 521, 7914, 273, 436, 31751, 47543, 15, 496, 521, 39074, 3756, 13, 309, 12349, 247, 5682, 1209, 13, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 12013, 326, 344, 3047, 521, 1211, 9455, 11392, 275, 436, 11118, 2554, 13, 2529, 407, 697, 36872, 25895, 347, 35668, 849, 346, 66, 4956, 13, 18093, 3163, 8920, 33772, 49578, 949, 1445, 449, 313, 25414, 2047, 407, 2516, 19307, 261, 2698, 187, 187, 49, 882, 1520, 1669, 27, 20690, 2216, 323, 754, 46615, 3189, 35193, 6975, 399, 1377, 249, 1383, 247, 11299, 11417, 11240, 14, 23166, 18802, 670, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 407, 4825, 587, 1780, 69, 311, 2610, 15, 380, 18802, 3797, 20541, 273, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 9551, 2143, 13863, 949, 253, 3313, 30866, 6516, 13, 534, 344, 11420, 281, 3324, 11012, 285, 14635, 4730, 281, 1345, 6629, 15, 187, 187, 26106, 10999, 277, 457, 33818, 45416, 556, 2014, 14, 4608, 15376, 2218, 1199, 281, 3862, 257, 24540, 323, 47543, 275, 3968, 15, 1284, 247, 8624, 42411, 342, 1457, 2816, 3228, 11960, 1059, 344, 34994, 44720, 407, 6153, 247, 42212, 13, 512, 14, 7878, 2460, 323, 47543, 13, 285, 1580, 42200, 432, 253, 3924, 344, 556, 3982, 11012, 4730, 281, 23499, 1345, 2143, 2151, 15, 28810, 10092, 36063, 329, 248, 1596, 327, 4163, 3349, 13, 28507, 275, 47131, 3964, 13, 7532, 12903, 1178, 1641, 13, 344, 8899, 598, 275, 5041, 34841, 13, 1457, 2816, 3228, 13, 285, 5966, 253, 4726, 273, 2448, 11960, 1059, 387, 253, 2363, 273, 4314, 15, 2058, 816, 15342, 344, 7416, 1457, 2816, 3228, 11960, 1059, 13, 7552, 581, 273, 253, 806, 39576, 281, 16125, 432, 253, 2143, 715, 253, 2567, 15, 6086, 11960, 3903, 460, 3562, 247, 4618, 5235, 273, 9503, 323, 779, 13, 285, 344, 369, 3340, 19651, 323, 521, 7914, 273, 11960, 3903, 460, 457, 84, 31751, 47543, 34197, 15, 754, 369, 1929, 323, 521, 385, 22651, 593, 13, 24122, 1204, 13, 18024, 7832, 272, 13, 285, 327, 14, 13311, 3371, 466, 14, 615, 14, 40418, 250, 13, 18701, 326, 497, 671, 327, 1859, 275, 6590, 751, 20400, 2652, 1487, 323, 20400, 24916, 313, 39511, 481, 496, 14828, 13, 277, 457, 33818, 45416, 11420, 253, 3313, 30866, 6516, 13, 534, 10316, 14635, 4730, 285, 24540, 715, 1345, 6629, 15, 3032, 789, 342, 253, 6516, 556, 2668, 779, 1475, 253, 1533, 13, 285, 344, 556, 671, 15127, 11012, 949, 6590, 13, 7315, 5659, 13, 285, 5098, 15, 754, 556, 644, 7561, 7478, 285, 28173, 323, 1097, 521, 21518, 31925, 285, 521, 30122, 789, 15, 8280, 15, 25736, 69, 593, 15, 2061, 187, 187, 49, 882, 1520, 1669, 27, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 275, 11960, 1059, 3035, 20285, 13, 247, 2086, 10932, 407, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 275, 253, 10333, 84, 326, 3559, 509, 300, 569, 273, 47543, 32491, 84, 342, 247, 36467, 2567, 1690, 7715, 10310, 14922, 39576, 15, 399, 8, 33818, 45416, 556, 1048, 644, 7730, 281, 16122, 253, 8446, 323, 47543, 15, 313, 20339, 4033, 21608, 30866, 5489, 17078, 13, 380, 1457, 12840, 11397, 13, 8068, 2698, 187, 187, 49, 882, 1520, 987, 27, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 275, 6086, 11960, 3903, 460, 434, 25196, 285, 34982, 265, 15, 6618, 281, 322, 528, 66, 2304, 2706, 13, 436, 47543, 10848, 253, 3290, 273, 512, 14, 7878, 385, 22651, 593, 285, 24122, 1204, 326, 11960, 3903, 460, 1119, 275, 521, 8671, 2586, 285, 275, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 13, 665, 3395, 253, 36872, 25895, 434, 3861, 16266, 860, 846, 14167, 1457, 2816, 3228, 11960, 1059, 387, 253, 2363, 273, 1458, 15, 313, 25414, 2047, 407, 443, 29983, 353, 3093, 2698, 42, 5324, 452, 20114, 1777, 274, 11436, 8757, 285, 6039, 587, 10929, 7876, 670, 616, 747, 15589, 437, 1771, 1386, 323, 7406, 48452, 770, 251, 13, 253, 4572, 9172, 1142, 273, 253, 3533, 952, 452, 644, 7004, 13, 849, 253, 2199, 2210, 670, 13, 752, 11797, 253, 1416, 13, 285, 1199, 1199, 625, 15, 3122, 187, 475, 8283, 6752, 14, 9638, 253, 3236, 2488, 390, 4477, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 21737, 762, 253, 14325, 4637, 13, 11099, 374, 15, 17, 313, 783, 346, 17736, 3287, 187, 475, 368, 778, 417, 897, 436, 1873, 3707, 275, 10276, 342, 253, 4637, 15, 187, 475, 1422, 778, 4044, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 4637, 387, 187, 475, 187, 475, 50272, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 8418, 15, 2061, 16, 17130, 16, 17821, 14, 19, 15, 17, 187, 475, 187, 475, 15999, 2424, 407, 7763, 1569, 390, 5821, 281, 275, 4028, 13, 3694, 187, 475, 5939, 762, 253, 4637, 310, 5939, 327, 271, 346, 1719, 4110, 3, 23440, 13, 187, 475, 15002, 15466, 4145, 22998, 3481, 9103, 19329, 13, 2057, 3890, 390, 10466, 15, 187, 475, 2594, 253, 4637, 323, 253, 2173, 3448, 13200, 15607, 285, 187, 475, 7364, 762, 253, 4637, 15, 187, 1738, 187, 187, 10708, 4955, 15, 19377, 15, 4113, 28, 187, 187, 2948, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 16687, 28, 187, 2948, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 6648, 28, 187, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 19377, 15, 8700, 15, 44761, 28, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 8595, 14, 22, 14, 6160, 5673, 326, 13067, 247, 17051, 323, 1566, 12474, 15, 187, 475, 14140, 3441, 4158, 323, 6240, 12474, 281, 253, 1566, 15, 187, 475, 1876, 5811, 323, 24497, 253, 4583, 1566, 347, 247, 18073, 3211, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 6648, 7165, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 7582, 19120, 1326, 257, 11826, 7707, 187, 475, 1214, 17480, 374, 15, 22, 15, 18, 187, 1738, 187, 4387, 5673, 10031, 551, 535, 186, 6930, 996, 475, 5733, 253, 12164, 11104, 762, 253, 12164, 1416, 15, 996, 475, 1214, 3575, 11104, 2402, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 1566, 11104, 313, 7594, 18073, 3211, 3635, 2311, 996, 475, 1214, 3575, 11104, 3902, 253, 1566, 11104, 1318, 313, 5092, 320, 18073, 3211, 3635, 2311, 996, 1738, 187, 186, 7104, 823, 11756, 9, 2776, 11104, 2402, 13, 1214, 44761, 9206, 11104, 3902, 558, 535, 186, 6930, 996, 475, 5733, 253, 12164, 11104, 281, 436, 18073, 3211, 12968, 94, 970, 247, 996, 475, 18073, 4492, 4955, 15, 19377, 15, 6443, 15, 1773, 9637, 4, 788, 23807, 2402, 4561, 1416, 7165, 996, 475, 654, 81, 2730, 74, 31, 8497, 27, 45598, 18073, 4492, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 16687, 47304, 94, 403, 417, 2879, 281, 996, 475, 253, 1566, 672, 970, 436, 1332, 984, 359, 2550, 9113, 3653, 996, 475, 253, 2032, 5008, 1416, 15, 9182, 2127, 943, 2451, 323, 18073, 3211, 3635, 94, 2581, 996, 475, 685, 323, 6325, 18406, 347, 310, 2168, 2218, 407, 500, 1267, 45, 14610, 8239, 74, 31, 996, 475, 1214, 3575, 11104, 3902, 253, 1566, 11104, 1318, 313, 7594, 18073, 3211, 3635, 2311, 996, 1738, 187, 186, 7104, 823, 11756, 9, 4241, 11104, 3902, 558, 535, 186, 6930, 996, 475, 27671, 512, 12474, 275, 253, 12164, 18073, 3211, 17078, 94, 715, 436, 996, 475, 18073, 3211, 12968, 2023, 970, 11104, 1416, 5978, 323, 1016, 3284, 15, 996, 475, 1214, 2887, 1852, 1911, 11756, 9, 4241, 10, 996, 1738, 187, 186, 7104, 823, 3074, 23372, 9, 16687, 14277, 31, 11104, 15888, 558, 535, 186, 6930, 996, 475, 27671, 512, 12474, 275, 253, 12164, 18073, 3211, 12968, 94, 715, 436, 18073, 3211, 12968, 7165, 996, 475, 1214, 2887, 1852, 1911, 11756, 9, 2776, 13, 9206, 10, 996, 1738, 187, 186, 7104, 823, 3074, 23372, 9, 6648, 29, 2776, 13, 23983, 12474, 558, 535, 186, 6930 ]	optical elements. A propagating light wave of constant phase is divided into two wavefronts that are directed along separate optical paths, namely, a test path and a reference path. The test path includes the optical surface being tested, and the reference path includes a known reference surface. After reflecting from test and reference surfaces, the two wavefronts are recombined forming an interferogram. Fringe patterns of the interferogram are interpreted to obtain measures of the surface topography of the test surface. A majority of precision optical surfaces are spherical segments. The known interferometric techniques are especially well suited to measure concave spherical surfaces. For example, a point light source may be located in the test path at the center of curvature of the concave test surface. To the extent that the test surface is truly spherical, the light impinges at normal incidence to the test surface and is retroreflected along its original path back to the light source. Any deviation of the reflected light from its original path produces fringe distortions in an interference pattern with a reference wavefront indicative of a departure from sphericity. However, it is much more difficult to use interferometric techniques to measure large convex spherical surfaces. Additional optical elements are used to relay an image of the point source to the center of curvature of convex surfaces. The point source image is relayed by lenses that must be made large enough to produce a converging light beam having marginal rays at normal incidence to the periphery of the convex surface. These lenses are expensive and difficult to make to required accuracy. In fact, it becomes impractical to manufacture optical elements with sufficient accuracy for measuring certain large aperture convex surfaces with the known interferometric techniques.Double-balloon endoscopy: an effective rescue procedure after incomplete conventional colonoscopy. A significant percentage of colonoscopies remain incomplete because of a failure to intubate the caecum. By double-balloon endoscopy (DBE), originally developed for deep enteroscopy, an otherwise incomplete examination of the colon might be completed. We evaluated the success rate of caecal intubation, the reasons for its failure and the therapeutic consequences of using DBE after incomplete conventional colonoscopy. We report our single-centre experience of using DBE to complete an otherwise incomplete colonoscopy. A total of 114 consecutive patients, 45 male and 69 female, with a mean age of 64.8 years, who had undergone 116 procedures, were evaluated retrospectively by a review of their medical records. The main causes for failed caecal intubation using a conventional colonoscope were loop formation in 70 patients (61.4%) and an adhesive angulated sigmoid in 33 (28.9%). Caecal intubation by DBE was successful in 101 patients (88.6%). The rate of failure was not associated with the cause of failure of the previous colonoscopy. In 55 patients (48.2%) a relevant new diagnosis was made in the previously inaccessible part of the colon: carcinoma (n=4; 3.5%), one or more adenomas (n=48; 42.1%) and caecal flat hyperplastic polyps (n=4; 3.5%). Endoscopic polypectomy was performed in 51 patients (44.7%); two complications occurred, both being mild postpolypectomy bleedings. In seven patients (6.1%) a subsequent surgical resection was performed. Colonoscopy by DBE was useful in most patients in whom conventional colonoscopy was incomplete, irrespective of the cause of the failure. In nearly half the patients, a relevant new diagnosis was made with therapeutic consequences.India Pale Ales, or IPAs, of course, have long been an obsession in craft beer, and Holtzman admits that Yuengling's IPL comes around as a result of "the popularity of the IPA style." And with Yuengling having long mastered the lager style with their flagship Traditional Lager brew, the move seems like a natural progression.Pictured above: Jacques d'Amboise in George Balanchine's Apollo, 1963. D'Amboise was acclaimed by critics as "the definitive Apollo" for his interpretation of this 1928 ballet. In his autobiography, I Was a Dancer, d'Amboise writes that he saw his own journey reflected in this signature role, described by its choreographer as depicting how "a wild, untamed youth learns nobility through art." (Photograph by John Dominis.) Pictured left: Cover design for He Makes Me Feel Like Dancin', a 1983 Academy Award-winning documentary about Jacques d'Amboise by Emile Ardolino. The documentary includes footage of d'Amboise teaching schoolchildren through the National Dance Institute, which he founded to bring dance and arts education to public schools. Jacques d’Amboise has single-handedly done much to broaden appreciation for ballet in America. As a principal dancer with New York City Ballet he shattered stereotypes by creating a masculine, all-American image for ballet, and since retiring from the stage he has brought dance education to countless public school children. Born Joseph Jacques Ahearn on July 28, 1934 in Dedham, Massachussetts, he grew up in Washington Heights, New York City, and entered the School of American Ballet at the age of eight. At just fifteen he joined New York City Ballet, becoming one of the first dancers to graduate from the school into the company. George Balanchine created a wide variety of roles for him, and he was especially celebrated for his interpretation of Balanchine’s 1928 ballet Apollo. He was known for his exuberance, athleticism, skilled partnering, and on-stage joie-de-vivre, qualities that were also on view in films like Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (1954). In 1976, d’Amboise founded the National Dance Institute, which brings arts education and appreciation into public schools. His work with the Institute has taken him around the world, and he has also promoted dance through films, television programs, and books. He has been widely recognized and honored for both his artistic excellence and his humanitarian work. www.nationaldance.org Pictured left: Jacques d'Amboise in Ballet Encounter, a program organized by d'Amboise in the 1970s that presented compilations of ballet excerpts with a touring company including fellow NYCB dancers. D'Amboise has long been committed to expanding the audience for ballet. (Ann Barzel Dance Research Collection, The Newberry Library, Chicago.) Pictured right: Jacques d'Amboise in George Balanchine's Stars and Stripes. Set to Sousa marches, this ballet captured the quality of all-American exuberance and athleticism that Balanchine found in his adopted country and in Jacques d'Amboise, who became the choreographer's protégé after joining New York City Ballet at the age of 15. (Photograph by Gjon Mili.)IHT have interviewed Pharrell Williams and Camile Miceli about their new jewellery line for Louis Vuitton, the interview answers many of the questions people have been asking, how the project came about, what inspired the name, and much much more./* * Copyright 2002-2019 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. / package org.springframework.ui; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.lang.Nullable; /* * Java-5-specific interface that defines a holder for model attributes. * Primarily designed for adding attributes to the model. * Allows for accessing the overall model as a {@code java.util.Map}. * * @author Juergen Hoeller * @since 2.5.1 / public interface Model { /* * Add the supplied attribute under the supplied name. * @param attributeName the name of the model attribute (never {@code null}) * @param attributeValue the model attribute value (can be {@code null}) / Model addAttribute(String attributeName, @Nullable Object attributeValue); /* * Add the supplied attribute to this {@code Map} using a * {@link org.springframework.core.Conventions#getVariableName generated name}. * <p><i>Note: Empty {@link java.util.Collection Collections} are not added to * the model when using this method because we cannot correctly determine * the true convention name. View code should check for {@code null} rather * than for empty collections as is already done by JSTL tags.</i> * @param attributeValue the model attribute value (never {@code null}) / Model addAttribute(Object attributeValue); /* * Copy all attributes in the supplied {@code Collection} into this * {@code Map}, using attribute name generation for each element. * @see #addAttribute(Object) / Model addAllAttributes(Collection<?> attributeValues); /* * Copy all attributes in the supplied {@code Map} into this {@code Map}. * @see #addAttribute(String, Object) / Model addAllAttributes(Map<String, ?> attributes); /*
[ 347, 271, 2228, 13, 253, 5406, 310, 417, 987, 15, 1244, 604, 352, 310, 5803, 5189, 13, 969, 253, 5406, 310, 417, 987, 15, 1680, 752, 309, 1333, 3451, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 10572, 253, 18479, 3139, 27, 187, 510, 18479, 3139, 310, 751, 247, 1524, 8031, 19068, 275, 690, 4088, 285, 417, 275, 2571, 15, 187, 187, 510, 9830, 1469, 432, 11978, 281, 13735, 5046, 861, 7790, 5434, 275, 253, 18479, 347, 368, 564, 2169, 275, 253, 8031, 13, 247, 1805, 6779, 323, 247, 8031, 19068, 2167, 13, 651, 320, 281, 452, 512, 3603, 4336, 11978, 1919, 352, 4925, 253, 4869, 1979, 13, 285, 840, 352, 651, 1614, 2502, 323, 3253, 1840, 352, 15, 209, 187, 510, 18479, 9113, 2722, 326, 253, 3603, 273, 253, 8031, 403, 27433, 253, 8031, 2701, 15, 209, 187, 48588, 634, 2086, 588, 13035, 390, 368, 588, 755, 247, 26405, 9331, 347, 3517, 347, 368, 8268, 634, 8031, 15, 50276, 688, 436, 1039, 253, 18479, 310, 417, 751, 247, 1524, 8031, 19068, 15, 50276, 8457, 352, 2722, 1142, 4957, 327, 1755, 273, 253, 8031, 15, 2490, 187, 510, 18479, 6283, 12646, 326, 352, 310, 247, 8031, 27, 187, 187, 510, 18479, 556, 247, 8781, 323, 253, 3603, 275, 253, 8031, 187, 510, 18479, 2722, 326, 627, 403, 3603, 275, 253, 8031, 15, 209, 187, 510, 18479, 2722, 326, 253, 5004, 273, 253, 8031, 310, 4581, 13, 4495, 1841, 4901, 352, 806, 275, 1390, 562, 15, 2490, 187, 10572, 752, 247, 8031, 19068, 310, 27, 187, 34, 8031, 556, 247, 4869, 2953, 326, 943, 417, 320, 22536, 15, 50276, 1552, 4869, 2953, 476, 320, 22536, 407, 13383, 1633, 4830, 253, 8031, 15, 50276, 510, 1979, 273, 253, 8031, 14802, 752, 436, 4869, 2953, 476, 320, 15, 50276, 1394, 476, 873, 436, 8031, 1979, 323, 634, 5659, 15, 209, 187, 1909, 271, 9255, 13, 253, 7285, 310, 247, 8031, 762, 5449, 13, 835, 368, 1611, 281, 1684, 432, 253, 8031, 672, 2717, 310, 327, 352, 13, 501, 16292, 275, 1469, 762, 253, 5927, 2953, 326, 2550, 320, 22536, 15, 209, 187, 4943, 310, 271, 1650, 273, 247, 8031, 19068, 27, 187, 565, 1159, 7865, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 50275, 3615, 1269, 60, 31111, 9439, 2194, 1380, 654, 1532, 3771, 271, 1650, 13, 778, 417, 19068, 604, 8031, 310, 1077, 1781, 187, 50275, 605, 1051, 187, 50275, 2309, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4943, 310, 1529, 1650, 273, 247, 8031, 19068, 13, 496, 436, 1650, 253, 8031, 310, 22536, 984, 1046, 1159, 1067, 32804, 1633, 327, 253, 8031, 27, 187, 4353, 2752, 6116, 2244, 422, 11594, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 50276, 3220, 6116, 2244, 422, 11594, 1874, 187, 94, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 816, 247, 18479, 13, 285, 368, 403, 512, 10412, 952, 15, 187, 2214, 253, 38452, 14, 303, 30125, 13, 3706, 582, 533, 671, 13, 1705, 327, 1051, 1163, 93, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 1276, 310, 247, 8031, 19068, 32, 187, 4497, 619, 3858, 13, 1107, 3622, 13, 896, 275, 253, 3644, 11880, 273, 12672, 13, 247, 25459, 2210, 281, 479, 342, 247, 1895, 15, 50276, 8389, 2127, 369, 12421, 34869, 13, 285, 344, 4571, 626, 4677, 562, 835, 253, 7505, 369, 15, 187, 3463, 13035, 309, 1599, 3630, 3632, 5810, 281, 3632, 13977, 327, 253, 3601, 13, 5569, 598, 13, 285, 2430, 3520, 1612, 272, 1066, 15, 50276, 4374, 13, 436, 369, 253, 1533, 273, 45379, 13, 253, 21314, 21136, 13, 896, 672, 359, 6337, 1293, 7503, 3541, 390, 346, 18641, 3, 3541, 13288, 15, 187, 2598, 352, 7819, 562, 619, 25459, 369, 3515, 342, 253, 4284, 577, 76, 8031, 15, 50276, 4374, 13, 577, 11895, 706, 12742, 15, 50276, 3633, 562, 634, 2849, 5411, 5253, 15, 187, 8116, 275, 1110, 1897, 13, 253, 8031, 3053, 387, 581, 990, 273, 3541, 15, 50276, 6124, 2427, 387, 1529, 15, 50276, 1328, 522, 2427, 387, 1529, 15, 50276, 510, 26486, 285, 8031, 2238, 14, 1171, 4307, 598, 16, 3487, 2584, 1016, 643, 15, 50276, 3039, 597, 1313, 13, 352, 369, 346, 1206, 276, 9143, 485, 3446, 187, 11564, 619, 25459, 434, 17963, 1691, 521, 18133, 8985, 2127, 598, 387, 253, 990, 273, 253, 8031, 15, 187, 1898, 344, 8884, 247, 1781, 3781, 273, 48158, 327, 253, 8031, 15, 50276, 34, 1077, 1781, 3781, 13, 323, 521, 8031, 1979, 15, 50276, 1147, 2335, 598, 247, 1652, 689, 495, 76, 15, 187, 46587, 13, 672, 521, 1159, 1067, 5202, 1694, 3676, 2217, 13, 344, 689, 48141, 521, 2127, 15, 187, 46587, 13, 344, 1925, 326, 2127, 15, 187, 3220, 3858, 13, 16093, 310, 247, 8031, 19068, 15, 187, 1394, 952, 3063, 13, 342, 634, 7503, 3541, 285, 260, 2149, 10628, 15, 50276, 1394, 452, 352, 3477, 2, 535, 82, 10, 426, 470, 15, 187, 14, 18, 13, 721, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 88, 10, 320, 253, 1273, 4309, 273, 428, 2405, 16, 20, 11, 88, 424, 21, 559, 4567, 16, 20, 11, 88, 424, 20, 559, 854, 11, 88, 424, 19, 559, 1903, 16, 22, 11, 88, 424, 22, 559, 470, 559, 1458, 11, 88, 15, 3854, 480, 9, 66, 10, 426, 470, 15, 6762, 247, 15, 187, 14, 19, 16, 883, 13, 337, 13, 374, 187, 4140, 428, 13482, 11, 88, 424, 22, 559, 495, 11, 88, 424, 22, 559, 884, 1549, 11, 88, 424, 19, 428, 18672, 11, 88, 424, 22, 428, 898, 1438, 11, 88, 424, 21, 559, 259, 424, 22, 559, 2456, 11, 88, 424, 22, 428, 1384, 11, 88, 559, 25905, 11, 88, 424, 20, 428, 5096, 426, 470, 15, 6762, 259, 15, 187, 14, 21, 13, 428, 18, 13, 428, 19, 16, 24, 13, 374, 16, 24, 13, 337, 187, 1466, 295, 320, 5976, 16, 1797, 428, 898, 16, 805, 15, 1281, 295, 11, 85, 424, 21, 428, 818, 16, 21, 11, 85, 428, 337, 16, 19, 559, 818, 16, 21, 11, 85, 424, 20, 428, 495, 16, 21, 11, 85, 424, 19, 426, 470, 15, 1737, 310, 246, 32, 187, 14, 18, 13, 428, 19, 16, 22, 13, 337, 187, 1466, 1484, 320, 428, 18, 428, 3383, 2082, 1933, 1010, 428, 374, 15, 1281, 247, 320, 337, 428, 428, 18, 5355, 20, 428, 374, 481, 16090, 884, 16, 20, 11, 91, 424, 66, 428, 3307, 16, 20, 11, 91, 559, 1484, 15, 187, 19, 5355, 91, 428, 374, 7672, 22, 11, 91, 428, 337, 1933, 20, 187, 4140, 577, 11, 66, 426, 495, 11, 66, 559, 495, 15, 3854, 428, 23, 426, 247, 11, 76, 428, 608, 11, 76, 15, 16090, 428, 76, 11, 91, 424, 20, 428, 1182, 424, 19, 428, 608, 11, 91, 424, 20, 559, 374, 11, 91, 424, 20, 428, 374, 11, 91, 424, 19, 428, 495, 11, 91, 424, 21, 15, 187, 14, 20, 11, 91, 424, 19, 5355, 91, 559, 337, 4846, 19, 187, 1466, 260, 426, 428, 3680, 1093, 16, 2597, 559, 24344, 16, 1717, 15, 16090, 470, 559, 260, 11, 89, 424, 19, 559, 374, 16, 20, 11, 89, 428, 337, 16, 20, 11, 89, 424, 20, 15, 187, 14, 89, 5355, 89, 428, 374, 7672, 89, 559, 337, 1933, 20, 187, 1466, 362, 320, 12374, 2759, 5789, 4185, 25349, 21, 5789, 1047, 5029, 16090, 428, 19, 11, 79, 424, 21, 559, 721, 11, 79, 424, 19, 428, 721, 11, 79, 424, 20, 559, 721, 11, 79, 424, 87, 559, 608, 11, 79, 424, 20, 559, 295, 424, 21, 15, 187, 14, 79, 424, 19, 5355, 79, 428, 721, 7672, 79, 559, 337, 10, 187, 1466, 465, 9, 83, 10, 426, 721, 11, 83, 424, 21, 559, 3285, 11, 83, 424, 20, 559, 13062, 11, 83, 424, 19, 428, 818, 11, 83, 428, 818, 15, 1281, 268, 9, 73, 10, 426, 818, 11, 73, 424, 21, 559, 3285, 11, 73, 424, 20, 559, 12131, 11, 73, 424, 19, 428, 854, 11, 73, 428, 854, 15, 1281, 270, 9, 66, 10, 426, 428, 25, 11, 76, 9, 66, 10, 559, 818, 11, 81, 9, 66, 481, 9985, 269, 13, 1677, 326, 270, 9, 71, 10, 426, 470, 15, 187, 14, 20, 13, 470, 13, 4567, 187, 1466, 260, 426, 12643, 428, 11601, 15, 1281, 269, 9, 84, 10, 320, 253, 1273, 4309, 273, 428, 18, 16, 21, 11, 84, 424, 68, 559, 470, 428, 2164, 11, 84, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 84, 559, 577, 11, 84, 424, 20, 15, 16090, 269, 9, 69, 481, 187, 14, 20, 5355, 69, 428, 577, 4846, 19, 187, 1466, 1484, 426, 8437, 16, 14783, 428, 608, 16, 14783, 15, 11374, 891, 594, 326, 428, 25, 16, 883, 11, 74, 559, 470, 559, 721, 16, 883, 11, 74, 424, 20, 559, 1484, 11, 74, 424, 19, 428, 374, 16, 883, 11, 74, 424, 22, 428, 577, 16, 883, 11, 74, 424, 21, 426, 470, 15, 187, 14, 19, 13, 470, 13, 337, 187, 1466, 295, 9, 88, 10, 320, 253, 806, 4309, 273, 428, 22, 16, 21, 11, 88, 424, 19, 428, 655, 559, 608, 16, 1093, 11, 88, 424, 20, 559, 470, 11, 88, 15, 16090, 295, 9, 73, 481, 187, 22, 11, 73, 5355, 73, 428, 495, 1933, 23, 187, 1466, 260, 426, 428, 24558, 559, 27587, 15, 1281, 470, 11, 84, 428, 337, 16, 20, 11, 84, 424, 68, 428, 374, 16, 20, 11, 84, 424, 20, 559, 470, 426, 470, 15, 6762, 256, 15, 187, 14, 18, 16, 19, 13, 470, 187, 1466, 268, 320, 337, 5584, 20, 2888, 1093, 3547, 5584, 11246, 481, 11374, 256, 594, 326, 268, 559, 577, 11, 84, 428, 577, 16, 22, 11, 84, 424, 19, 426, 470, 15, 187, 14, 18, 13, 721, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 77, 10, 320, 253, 2626, 4309, 273, 818, 11, 77, 424, 23, 16, 9913, 559, 3285, 11, 77, 424, 22, 16, 22, 559, 818, 27496, 11, 77, 424, 21, 16, 1237, 559, 884, 2511, 11, 77, 424, 20, 16, 21, 428, 1249, 11, 77, 424, 19, 15, 1281, 480, 9, 81, 10, 426, 470, 15, 1737, 310, 268, 32, 187, 14, 1610, 13, 428, 19, 16, 24, 187, 1466, 1269, 9, 85, 10, 320, 253, 1273, 4309, 273, 337, 16, 16587, 11, 85, 424, 23, 559, 470, 559, 337, 16, 25, 11, 85, 424, 19, 559, 337, 16, 1449, 11, 85, 424, 22, 559, 608, 16, 1812, 11, 85, 424, 20, 428, 495, 11, 85, 559, 337, 16, 805, 11, 85, 424, 21, 15, 16090, 1269, 9, 90, 481, 187, 9, 90, 559, 337, 4846, 20, 5355, 90, 559, 495, 1933, 805, 187, 1466, 1182, 426, 16221, 18, 16, 1012, 559, 428, 1010, 1012, 15, 16090, 374, 16, 1012, 11, 86, 424, 21, 559, 854, 16, 1012, 11, 86, 424, 20, 559, 374, 16, 1012, 559, 1182, 11, 86, 424, 19, 559, 854, 16, 1012, 11, 86, 15, 187, 19, 5355, 86, 559, 337, 4846, 21, 16, 1012, 187, 1466, 277, 320, 313, 1093, 16, 1857, 16986, 20, 5789, 1010, 5029, 16090, 428, 2055, 11, 81, 424, 20, 428, 721, 11, 81, 559, 11583, 11, 81, 424, 20, 428, 495, 11, 81, 424, 69, 428, 608, 11, 81, 424, 19, 559, 608, 11, 81, 424, 19, 15, 187, 20, 11, 81, 5355, 81, 428, 374, 7672, 81, 559, 337, 10, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 76, 10, 320, 253, 806, 4309, 273, 495, 11, 76, 424, 21, 16, 21, 559, 721, 11, 76, 424, 20, 559, 1249, 11, 76, 424, 19, 559, 13900, 15, 3854, 480, 9, 90, 10, 426, 470, 15, 1737, 310, 340, 32, 187, 14, 21, 13, 428, 19, 13, 470, 187, 1466, 247, 426, 428, 14840, 559, 24727, 15, 1281, 268, 9, 68, 10, 426, 495, 11, 68, 424, 19, 428, 721, 11, 68, 424, 19, 428, 495, 11, 68, 424, 19, 15, 1281, 465, 9, 85, 10, 426, 246, 424, 20, 428, 246, 424, 19, 428, 246, 428, 337, 15, 1281, 258, 9, 90, 10, 426, 247, 11, 81, 9, 90, 10, 559, 495, 11, 76, 9, 90, 481, 16090, 258, 9, 67, 481, 187, 20, 5355, 67, 428, 337, 7672, 67, 559, 337, 4846, 19, 187, 1466, 268, 9, 68, 10, 320, 253, 806, 4309, 273, 428, 68, 424, 23, 16, 1010, 428, 721, 11, 68, 424, 22, 16, 22, 428, 5345, 11, 68, 424, 21, 16, 22, 428, 7127, 11, 68, 424, 20 ]	as an error, the picture is not right. And if it is NOT detected, again the picture is not right. Is what I say correct? A: About the logo itself: The logo itself is like a real stack overflow in some ways and not in others. The colors going from gray to orange maybe signifies danger in the logo as you go higher in the stack, a better representation for a stack overflow though, would be to have all elements completely gray until it reached the maximum size, and then it would turn red for everything above it. The logo correctly shows that the elements of the stack are exceeding the stack limit. Usually your program will crash or you will get a segmentation fault as soon as you exceed your stack. In this way the logo is not like a real stack overflow. Because it shows many items on top of the stack. The logo properly displays that it is a stack: The logo has a container for the elements in the stack The logo shows that there are elements in the stack. The logo shows that the bottom of the stack is closed, meaning things enter it first in last out. About what a stack overflow is: A stack has a maximum address that should not be exceeded. This maximum address can be exceeded by pushing something onto the stack. The size of the stack determines what this maximum address can be. You can set this stack size for your programs. As an aside, the opposite is a stack underflow, where you try to pop from the stack when nothing is on it, resuling in going under the minimum address that cannot be exceeded. Here is an example of a stack overflow: int functionCall() { char x[102400000]; // <--- Just an example, may not overflow if stack is very large //... return 0; } Here is another example of a stack overflow, In this example the stack is exceeded because every function call pushes something on the stack: void MyRecursiveFunction() { MyRecursiveFunction(); } A: It's just a logo, and you are all crazy people. For the humour-impaired, ;), but also, come on... :\|. A: What is a stack overflow? Well my friends, years ago, back in the dark ages of computing, a colleague came to me with a problem. His code was randomly crashing, and he couldn't figure out where the bug was. By crash I mean write random characters to random spots on the screen, lock up, and require physical powering down. Yes, this was the world of DOS, the IBM pc, back when we ran without virtual memory or "protected" memory segments. So it turns out my colleague was running with the default 4k stack. Yes, 4 kilobytes. Get out your magnifying glass. Back in those days, the stack started at one end of memory. Code went at another. Heap went at another. The heap and stack kind-of worked up/down toward each other. When they met, it was "troublesome". Only my colleague's compiler put his compiled binary code up at the end of the stack. And he declared a large array of floats on the stack. A very large array, for his stack size. It took up a little over 3k. Eventually, when his function call tree got deep enough, he overwrote his code. Eventually, he called that code. My friends, THAT is a stack overflow. You people today, with your virtual memory and coredumps. You have it easy! q) = 0. -1, 6 Let j(w) be the second derivative of -31/3w4 + 32/3w*3 + 8w*2 + 11/5w*5 + 0 + 15w. Suppose j(a) = 0. Calculate a. -2/11, 1, 2 Suppose -129w5 + 3w*5 + 1060w*2 - 170w*5 - 980w4 + w5 + 50w5 - 20w + 265w3 - 80 = 0. Calculate w. -4, -1, -2/7, 2/7, 1 Let n be 42/21 - 9/12. Let nt*4 - 7/4t - 1/2 + 7/4t3 - 3/4t*2 = 0. What is t? -1, -2/5, 1 Let u be -1 - (-65)/15 - 2. Let a be 1 - -1(3 - 2). Factor 10/3za - 22/3z + u. 2(z - 2)(5z - 1)/3 Suppose 4a = 3a + 3. Suppose -6 = ak - 5k. Factor -kz3 - z2 - 5z3 + 2z*3 - 2z*2 - 3z*4. -3z*2(z + 1)*2 Let c = -5818/87 + 1949/29. Factor 0 + cx*2 + 2/3x - 1/3x3. -x(x - 2)(x + 1)/3 Let v be ((-84)/(-98))/((-4)/(-14)). Factor -2n*4 + 6n*2 - 6n*3 + 6n*v + 5n3 + n4. -n*2(n - 6)(n + 1) Let k(r) = 6r*4 + 29r*3 + 103r*2 - 7r - 7. Let p(h) = 7h4 + 29h*3 + 104h*2 - 8h - 8. Let b(a) = -8k(a) + 7p(a). Find f, given that b(f) = 0. -3, 0, 32 Let c = 118 - 114. Let f(s) be the second derivative of -1/4sc + 0 - 24s*2 - 2s + 4s3. Factor f(d). -3(d - 4)*2 Let u = 101/132 - 5/132. Determine i so that -8/11i + 0 + 6/11i3 + ui*2 - 2/11i*5 - 4/11i*4 = 0. -2, 0, 1 Let n(w) be the first derivative of -5/4w*2 - 19 + 5/18w*3 + 0w. Factor n(h). 5h(h - 3)/6 Let c = -219 + 221. Let 0s - 1/3s*c - 2/3s*3 + 0 = 0. Calculate s. -1/2, 0 Let p be 1/(-3)1872/(-130). Determine s so that p + 4s - 4/5s*2 = 0. -1, 6 Let j(l) be the third derivative of 7l*6/160 + 29l*5/5 + 7755l*4/32 + 1089l*3/4 - 12l*2. Let j(p) = 0. What is p? -33, -2/7 Let x(t) be the second derivative of 1/360t*6 + 0 + 1/8t*2 + 1/40t*5 + 5/36t*3 - 3t + 1/12t4. Factor x(y). (y + 1)3(y + 3)/12 Let z = 19681/13 + -1513. Factor 2/13u4 + 8/13u*3 + 2/13 + zu*2 + 8/13u. 2(u + 1)4/13 Let d be (18/45)/((-3)/(-15)). Factor -88p*3 - 6p + 91p3 - 3p*d - 5p*2 + 5p*2. 3p(p - 2)(p + 1) Let j(k) be the first derivative of 3k4/4 + 6k*3 + 12k*2 + 134. Suppose j(y) = 0. What is y? -4, -2, 0 Let a = -175 + 174. Let p(c) = 3c*2 - 6c*2 - 3c2. Let k(t) = t3 - t*2 - t - 1. Let o(y) = ap(y) + 3k(y). Factor o(b). 3(b - 1)(b + 1)2 Let p(c) be the first derivative of -c6/15 - 6c*5/5 - 37c*4/5 - 44c**3
[ 897, 273, 253, 41740, 1514, 2317, 15, 329, 4564, 273, 7681, 1289, 27539, 342, 3590, 285, 247, 1643, 892, 25776, 3104, 9255, 13, 253, 921, 369, 2168, 3965, 1199, 3722, 4861, 275, 285, 588, 5604, 1287, 285, 6871, 562, 667, 1652, 465, 3106, 342, 6774, 16226, 15, 187, 187, 510, 38811, 369, 19080, 314, 2218, 13, 285, 253, 2216, 273, 253, 10721, 11472, 369, 3782, 13943, 15, 1707, 369, 690, 1270, 897, 273, 15632, 13, 3782, 323, 329, 2044, 547, 13, 253, 26395, 19538, 13, 285, 253, 37635, 497, 27231, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3275, 369, 973, 5248, 13, 285, 253, 2567, 457, 84, 23027, 285, 31733, 497, 41142, 784, 15, 35944, 4235, 358, 961, 1160, 271, 13943, 270, 15242, 347, 253, 26395, 11628, 329, 2044, 547, 13, 14186, 275, 247, 9386, 345, 1940, 421, 273, 247, 28067, 326, 1364, 320, 253, 38877, 273, 2571, 275, 253, 10319, 19538, 28067, 36309, 15, 380, 1039, 703, 419, 9932, 1031, 33587, 264, 598, 253, 41740, 1514, 369, 247, 12725, 15, 187, 187, 48686, 5219, 313, 53, 4595, 47824, 14, 4015, 798, 10, 1108, 14186, 347, 247, 1077, 3183, 261, 494, 16590, 28806, 1108, 285, 253, 12843, 313, 34706, 266, 47824, 14, 4015, 798, 10, 1160, 247, 25507, 4275, 4564, 285, 21758, 616, 9503, 342, 247, 446, 4894, 15, 380, 747, 17325, 32458, 273, 6798, 3277, 408, 313, 16910, 24008, 10, 285, 521, 1930, 14, 44568, 16, 13020, 1810, 725, 9143, 313, 45, 5741, 18885, 2205, 582, 1060, 347, 271, 3098, 16606, 37475, 14, 9888, 277, 13183, 285, 521, 2581, 43331, 90, 13372, 13, 497, 247, 10112, 1635, 281, 253, 5248, 15, 380, 5093, 46203, 512, 574, 5799, 5810, 285, 1016, 12353, 3534, 271, 990, 10745, 3045, 273, 616, 2554, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 10279, 4421, 1331, 982, 13, 512, 6152, 943, 564, 281, 31508, 2205, 322, 437, 347, 3619, 2072, 285, 16246, 8229, 19482, 17025, 347, 26419, 868, 13, 665, 574, 247, 1524, 25325, 342, 253, 8446, 285, 4307, 1892, 281, 755, 731, 3206, 13, 1014, 604, 253, 806, 2360, 8446, 369, 8489, 851, 280, 290, 285, 49371, 264, 15, 3619, 2072, 457, 84, 50032, 273, 253, 4498, 353, 11625, 6975, 500, 7215, 369, 581, 273, 253, 1029, 2792, 273, 253, 7237, 15, 187, 187, 15611, 794, 15, 187, 187, 44, 6950, 6625, 1665, 187, 187, 510, 1639, 710, 596, 2778, 1108, 4397, 4765, 187, 187, 510, 4051, 710, 596, 2778, 1108, 5516, 934, 32392, 23789, 19670, 187, 187, 4531, 275, 1458, 2090, 13, 22169, 42796, 2727, 457, 84, 20996, 1132, 16633, 327, 253, 2926, 273, 1264, 273, 253, 954, 6422, 2255, 273, 253, 1388, 1108, 12694, 309, 13, 11628, 273, 5854, 13, 617, 19338, 6393, 13, 11628, 273, 45690, 13, 285, 22169, 273, 11366, 24116, 413, 13, 2378, 253, 42821, 3416, 275, 5854, 13, 285, 253, 1436, 6777, 407, 12694, 281, 1132, 3167, 390, 12907, 263, 281, 6393, 1108, 347, 2183, 407, 12447, 13, 253, 38081, 36276, 273, 253, 4060, 13, 665, 9010, 5972, 908, 407, 22169, 281, 23019, 327, 6393, 15, 187, 187, 52, 314, 314, 749, 31324, 9493, 39062, 285, 15572, 273, 8645, 13, 285, 342, 1142, 4980, 35648, 13, 253, 1132, 10262, 841, 5810, 347, 2266, 2255, 973, 2104, 281, 9302, 275, 253, 5086, 14691, 1533, 273, 1612, 285, 8672, 15, 8079, 13, 841, 403, 2255, 665, 476, 1614, 253, 35491, 285, 16907, 25365, 2469, 553, 273, 32957, 1334, 90, 715, 247, 8312, 285, 749, 735, 422, 769, 15, 187, 187, 510, 29274, 2806, 873, 13, 342, 697, 20098, 12471, 285, 1305, 11297, 273, 253, 20076, 273, 253, 767, 1753, 561, 313, 3169, 327, 6667, 1119, 275, 9493, 7177, 10, 3562, 253, 3962, 37924, 323, 253, 2250, 15, 733, 6518, 7278, 253, 3282, 273, 4996, 14406, 326, 369, 629, 273, 253, 14511, 6293, 273, 253, 2926, 15, 733, 671, 7106, 4116, 327, 253, 5810, 285, 17414, 13, 271, 7126, 3061, 1677, 326, 1097, 497, 594, 18338, 273, 4116, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3884, 369, 6863, 13, 36872, 2047, 272, 253, 2250, 1077, 973, 285, 10263, 562, 253, 8482, 1059, 447, 273, 253, 14511, 281, 697, 2120, 4248, 15, 9937, 1142, 6200, 2544, 13, 253, 3275, 4934, 697, 13870, 285, 10254, 13, 9257, 3652, 253, 3282, 273, 4996, 14406, 347, 253, 2926, 42273, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 369, 247, 1175, 897, 273, 15632, 285, 253, 37635, 13, 3738, 417, 1499, 580, 763, 275, 2820, 281, 48516, 253, 2180, 13, 4307, 43713, 275, 616, 1305, 11297, 273, 253, 2710, 5810, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3275, 369, 46680, 407, 247, 2266, 5248, 273, 2872, 3773, 665, 4035, 281, 1287, 285, 1756, 342, 1016, 921, 285, 512, 3534, 1175, 16226, 15, 3599, 45416, 6115, 369, 3782, 13567, 347, 253, 41585, 2568, 5777, 38872, 22169, 273, 11366, 24116, 413, 13, 1223, 500, 35760, 353, 450, 369, 275, 13943, 830, 347, 247, 13532, 314, 810, 267, 12694, 309, 15, 36139, 282, 17353, 5316, 2692, 2139, 6393, 369, 2783, 594, 25507, 285, 1018, 43307, 15, 9309, 466, 33718, 25806, 12800, 253, 8482, 1059, 447, 285, 8312, 18701, 273, 253, 653, 1105, 2237, 6203, 31890, 17018, 15, 380, 5248, 7303, 253, 48663, 285, 8794, 1972, 273, 752, 369, 247, 9648, 3159, 90, 6001, 342, 1270, 7162, 13, 3738, 4931, 627, 812, 452, 644, 247, 4248, 3687, 12378, 273, 15547, 387, 2176, 2792, 13, 3782, 15995, 253, 10658, 2392, 275, 253, 2457, 6200, 672, 597, 497, 8288, 689, 3440, 15, 187, 187, 22641, 271, 4722, 5313, 273, 20021, 13, 2684, 342, 10861, 285, 11847, 15, 187, 187, 44, 6950, 6625, 1665, 187, 187, 36, 1041, 11094, 330, 1832, 1108, 4163, 4765, 187, 187, 18658, 187, 187, 39, 17259, 13, 8274, 285, 10501, 13, 342, 1633, 273, 271, 8991, 18750, 13, 443, 647, 10231, 457, 84, 1132, 11463, 1070, 247, 7826, 28190, 2256, 275, 271, 5369, 25646, 533, 7996, 5133, 15, 40285, 46123, 436, 369, 253, 17005, 273, 253, 36638, 11094, 330, 1832, 2285, 273, 17539, 552, 13, 10283, 706, 5582, 13, 657, 30043, 13, 714, 29997, 570, 285, 34327, 13, 285, 616, 2232, 19894, 14, 11964, 5407, 323, 253, 15515, 3558, 273, 253, 2285, 13, 347, 597, 2335, 629, 275, 247, 2923, 19489, 35958, 16363, 13678, 275, 4693, 15, 1292, 352, 671, 2335, 673, 281, 8338, 253, 4852, 273, 841, 608, 2255, 13, 17690, 441, 281, 3037, 625, 670, 616, 16038, 323, 15299, 13, 247, 14138, 285, 4536, 2963, 45806, 4828, 20203, 281, 253, 17478, 270, 781, 2158, 273, 436, 1387, 273, 3858, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3275, 369, 3365, 35035, 13, 342, 253, 5927, 273, 29060, 15, 733, 4395, 387, 271, 7126, 13870, 285, 253, 3638, 2544, 273, 6200, 275, 769, 374, 497, 7303, 275, 271, 4722, 285, 7870, 1039, 15, 6495, 897, 369, 1160, 273, 253, 3924, 285, 41740, 1514, 8470, 13, 2366, 342, 15632, 285, 3440, 13, 285, 253, 3275, 369, 11288, 3962, 275, 26475, 253, 43398, 1688, 571, 285, 4049, 274, 6475, 466, 273, 824, 19489, 3394, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2620, 2255, 5810, 1108, 657, 30043, 313, 35, 972, 314, 322, 437, 582, 34327, 313, 43, 42622, 13303, 2184, 583, 582, 17539, 552, 313, 44, 2198, 90, 21709, 11448, 582, 10283, 706, 5582, 313, 34, 7076, 66, 19872, 10, 285, 714, 29997, 570, 313, 52, 489, 47824, 14, 4015, 798, 10, 1108, 497, 973, 8392, 285, 7052, 14001, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 1524, 7870, 13673, 285, 1802, 17254, 3282, 273, 4049, 274, 6475, 466, 875, 253, 5810, 15, 3808, 13491, 17478, 8534, 369, 4828, 30063, 407, 253, 2963, 525, 4306, 273, 253, 1220, 300, 18101, 447, 273, 17539, 552, 285, 275, 1798, 253, 2457, 581, 273, 34327, 15, 380, 897, 273, 253, 1220, 300, 18101, 90, 369, 247, 19080, 285, 3576, 2813, 326, 11460, 253, 8446, 247, 27105, 273, 253, 1524, 1436, 3212, 253, 40881, 796, 285, 2879, 281, 253, 3282, 273, 40318, 273, 253, 4028, 15, 187, 187, 23852, 3555, 261, 369, 275, 4030, 830, 347, 11116, 253, 27585, 15515, 3558, 273, 253, 2285, 13, 4950, 281, 452, 15455, 625, 8763, 24484, 685, 281, 253, 25507, 480, 14065, 281, 5207, 359, 403, 8523, 5611, 15, 380, 8109, 5248, 512, 11346, 616, 9506, 13, 342, 253, 5492, 32341, 932, 6984, 463, 285, 25975, 275, 1798, 2403, 616, 1616, 15, 1198, 3780, 665, 24376, 407, 6194, 13, 253, 3515, 16391, 273, 253, 512, 1512, 3183, 261, 494, 6194, 15687, 326, 3395, 25962, 5327, 917, 387, 512, 253, 9560, 9506, 369, 671, 1633, 281, 4264, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 369, 247, 794, 285, 4886, 1132, 326, 19651, 253, 33372, 2108, 273, 9826, 952, 33405, 15423, 1841, 15, 733, 22828, 281, 320, 19651, 407, 247, 8489, 4067, 8446, 685, 326, 273, 253, 5842, 1533, 5500, 10020, 14, 13017, 2360, 15, 187, 187, 44, 6950, 6625, 1665, 187, 187, 29779, 609, 281, 35404, 39117, 308, 4894, 1108, 4162, 4765, 187, 187, 1552, 17478, 44741, 407, 22497, 6625, 37267, 29141, 253, 47921, 273, 7120, 670, 253, 308, 4894, 2021, 13, 247, 2021, 273, 5702, 390, 13, 347, 352, 7819, 562, 13, 417, 594, 5702, 13, 18111, 968, 665, 403, 2529, 347, 4882, 2366, 285, 1499, 16948, 2366, 15, 380, 7237, 2530, 247, 1481, 90, 5878, 273, 689, 253, 1755, 5810, 275, 247, 15695, 1171, 342, 7701, 16909, 285, 2217, 7484, 44676, 285, 4021, 45553, 281, 3693, 667, 3282, 273, 253, 28826, 15, 187, 187, 510, 23395, 4158, 873, 1108, 253, 7063, 2316, 387, 4200, 1303, 3995, 13, 247, 2586, 2419, 275, 37252, 1108, 10848, 9670, 253, 10825, 285, 38707, 762, 1299, 265, 3058, 323, 253, 2926, 15, 9966, 1500, 8807, 48659, 8838, 247, 5882, 17628, 327, 253, 10061, 13, 36872, 2047, 272, 253, 2250, 342, 12320, 285, 4886, 253, 2250, 2112, 387, 247, 5272, 13870, 15, 380, 897, 273, 3440, 285, 15632, 387, 253, 990, 273, 1016, 769, 16318, 253, 6323, 14138, 13, 3798, 7701, 528, 13, 1614, 275, 253, 7484, 13, 16682, 671, 11850, 816, 253, 987, 17478, 10541, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 369, 1077, 5799, 285, 7000, 1894, 5837, 273, 1016, 2554, 13, 342, 1016, 5248, 3558, 37695, 616, 2554, 15, 1876, 4307, 1892, 281, 23233, 1495, 715, 752, 812, 320, 2581, 581, 15759, 390, 5777, 14166, 49225, 5810, 15, 15699, 253, 3275, 4352, 4555, 253, 987, 1708, 14, 32928, 10541, 3058, 323, 253, 2144, 15, 1707, 497, 1335, 247, 1643, 892, 25776, 3104, 285, 9506, 273, 11649, 28, 6742, 812, 452, 644, 247, 2372, 17614, 468, 281, 1663, 23806, 512, 253, 33350, 15, 187, 187, 35, 972, 2205, 322, 437, 313, 41, 886, 25642, 308, 4894, 10, 1160, 253, 954, 273, 253, 2554, 13, 617, 5777, 1766, 3296, 757, 28067, 285, 502, 41988, 21162, 285, 27965, 6639, 7738, 247, 4677, 17965, 625, 21690, 685, 253, 19497, 14537, 254, 285, 13867, 254, 273, 8248, 326, 369, 617, 1894, 15, 22165, 496, 5943, 369, 9090, 1907, 247, 17916, 347, 253, 13460, 272, 3833, 784, 285, 1077, 2986, 3277, 41319, 5682, 265, 11448, 13, 271, 8523, 794, 1894, 326, 17837, 13, 751, 690, 2571, 13, 9606, 432, 253, 581, 14, 6967, 1895, 15, 9309, 466, 10734, 33718, 369, 13943, 347, 253, 419, 18628, 12705, 90, 44772, 13, 253, 8010, 342, 247, 1643, 24866, 598, 521, 22910, 13, 347, 369, 24131, 90, 21709, 11448, 347, 38881, 66, 20146, 13, 253, 8406, 273, 6617, 14459, 342, 625, 685, 247, 1643, 5697, 273, 617, 1211, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 369, 247, 794, 285, 25945, 7237, 13, 2684, 342, 30942, 80, 285, 11847, 407, 253, 5516, 934, 32392, 15, 187, 187, 44, 6950, 6625, 1665, 187, 187, 2422, 1911, 249, 1108, 4565, 4240, 187, 187, 1145, 3236, 285, 11755, 6001, 3400, 512, 253, 3309, 12696, 323, 247, 806, 14, 2437, 285, 22936, 3275, 273, 436, 8530, 45817, 391, 3544, 281, 45092, 17005, 15, 187, 187, 21784, 296, 272, 342, 17325, 285, 5304, 2136, 13, 23633, 273, 39407, 319, 4867, 266, 2364, 13, 12051, 31622, 12349, 31622, 285, 253, 767, 5628, 47670, 14745, 313, 42039, 14, 45318, 14, 56, 543, 285, 16251, 14, 45318, 14, 49, 543, 582, 627, 310, 24904, 5107, 323, 8446, 11497, 13, 37551, 19982, 285, 5899, 20018, 297, 553, 794, 15, 187, 187, 49, 5630, 708, 5729, 6881, 547, 1108, 4163, 4240, 187, 187, 1552, 17005, 273, 2389, 285, 2193, 5369, 3502, 275, 253, 966, 14, 23739, 5854, 273, 253, 3563, 1283, 394, 5331, 15, 380, 2620, 20931, 292, 18903, 1108, 1690, 2266, 14, 88, 2591, 12694, 285, 2872, 418, 32922, 1108, 452, 644, 5439, 407 ]	use of the auditorium space. A couple of technical glitches with sound and a few fluffed lines aside, the show was already pretty much bedded in and will certainly develop and iron out any little kinks with subsequent performances. The scenery was cleverly done, and the design of the magic mirror was particularly impressive. There was some great use of lighting, particularly for Avarice, the wicked queen, and the costumes were magnificent. The production was well cast, and the company’s enthusiasm and enjoyment were contagious. Andrea Swemmer made an impressive baddy as the wicked Queen Avarice, dressed in a wonderful concoction of a costume that must be the envy of others in the evil queen costume stakes. The way she haughtily stalked up the auditorium was a delight. Snow White (Tara Barton-Leigh) – dressed as a very recognisable Disney princess – and the Prince (Susan Barton-Leigh) made a charming central couple and sang their roles with aplomb. The new comedy duo of Judge Quill (Tim Hughes) and his side-kick/scribe Scribbles (Lita Buckley), here as an effete eighteenth-century dandy and his rather clumsy assistant, were a welcome addition to the cast. The seven dwarfs all had distinct characters and each actor gave an endearing performance of their role. For the madcap antics, all credit should go to Beverley Sell as Edna and Jay Skyler Wright as Chuckles, who had a real rapport with the audience and worked hard to get them involved, even if the first night audience was somewhat reticent and subdued. Edna’s rendition of the song Moves Like Jagger was one of the high points of the evening. Great fun. Karen Robson The Clove Thief – September 2018 The Glove Thief – Hamble Players Youth Theatre Set in 1569, Beth Flintoff’s fascinating play focuses on the story of three of the most powerful women of the day – Elizabeth I, Queen of England, her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, and Beth of Hardwicke, once the richest woman in England, and the person chosen by Elizabeth to play host or jailor to Mary – as told by Rose, the glove thief of the title, who finds herself used by Beth to spy on Mary. Slyly subverting historical narratives and representatives of gender, and with many modern resonances, the play presents these characters as strong women well able to succeed in the male dominated world of power and politics. Indeed, these are women who can turn the feminine and seemingly harmless pastime of embroidery into a dangerous and subversive act. The stark black set, with its brick panels and depictions of the signatures of the two queens (based on examples found in historical documents) created the perfect backdrop for the action. It helped enhance the sense of intrigue that was part of the narrative thread of the story. It also focused attention on the characters and dialogue, an excellent decision given that both were so worthy of attention. The direction was tight, choreographing the action very well and drawing out the subtleties of the narrative to its full degree. Despite many scene changes, the production kept its pace and momentum, carefully building the sense of intrigue as the story unfolded. There was a good use of lighting and the costumes, although not slavish in trying to recreate the period, worked wonderfully in their depictions of the various characters. The production was favoured by a strong cast of young players who continue to develop and grow with each show and all gave good performances. Eloise Green was particularly affecting as the pragmatic yet slightly haunted Beth of Hardwicke, while Jasmine Mould was in impressive form as a fittingly regal Elizabeth I. Isabelle Whitcher showed why Mary was considered so charming and charismatic. Georgie Burton finely illustrated the subtleties and dangerous qualities of the spymaster Lord Walsingham. The cast managed the complexities and nuances of what was a fairly wordy script with great confidence, although perhaps there could have been a degree greater projection of voices at certain points, particularly amongst the narrators in the final scene when they were speaking over music. Overall an interesting piece of theatre, performed with skill and commitment. Karen Robson Cheshire Cats – July 2018 Review Funny, honest and authentic, with something of an emotional punch, Gail Young’s play tackled a potentially tricky subject in an unfussy but sensitive manner. Ostensibly this was the tale of the Cheshire Cats team of Hilary, Siobhan, Vicky, Yvonne and Maggie, and their eleventh-hour replacement for the sixth member of the team, as they took part in a cancer charity fundraising Moonwalk in London. But it also took time to explore the lives of these 5 women, enabling us to learn more about their motivation for participating, a dramatic and sometimes poignant counterbalance to the comic bickering of this group of friends. The production was simply staged, with the minimum of props. It moved at an excellent pace and the constant changes of scene in act 2 were managed in an interesting and dynamic way. Great use was made of the stage and auditorium spaces, together with lighting and music, and the production was pitch perfect in capturing the euphoria and camaraderie of such charity events. The five women characters – Vicky (Beverly Sell), Maggie (Jillian Wildgoose), Hilary (Kristy Hepworth), Siobhan (Amanda Evans) and Yvonne (Sue Barton-Leigh) – were well drawn and strongly acted. There was a real dynamic spark and believable sense of camaraderie between the characters. Some lovely comic acting was counterbalanced by the poignancy of the soliloquies of Hilary and in particular the final one of Maggie. The use of the soliloquy was a clever and effective device that permitted the audience a glimpse of the real person behind the façade and added to the sense of authenticity of the writing. Peter Revis was in fine form as Andrew the eventual sixth member of the team, revealed to have considerably more hidden depths than to the charming joker to whom we are initially introduced. The supporting cast all enjoyed their moments, with the race marshals Madge and Emma in particular making their mark. For anyone who travels by train, the running joke of the all too recognisable train announcement that became unintelligible at all the crucial moments was also something to enjoy. This was a fun and moving play that celebrated the endeavours of ordinary people undertaking extraordinary things. It deserves to be celebrated by a somewhat larger audience than that of the football world cup semi-final night. Karen Robson Prepare to Meet Thy Tomb – April 2018 This comic thriller by Norman Robbins completes the trilogy of plays about the Tomb family, a family of professional or, as it turns out, not so professional, assassins who are described as playing together and slaying together. The evening provided a heady mix of over the top characters in a spoof with murder mystery and enough plot twists and double crossings to avoid any sense of the predictable. The nicely designed set – the sitting room at Monument House, a country house in Norfolk – captured perfectly the atmosphere and Gothic undertones needed for the story. Director Sheila Barker maintained a firm grip on the proceedings, choreographing the action with precision and moving the action along at a reasonable pace. The use of music and lighting at the end of each act highlighted the latest dramatic, usually murderous, turn in the plot, whilst also maintaining just the right comic tone. There was very distinct and detailed characterisation of each role, with each cast member owning their role. All worked hard to breathe life into what could be rather one dimensional or slightly stereotypical characters. Overall the production hit exactly the right light-hearted tone needed for the material. There were still a few fluffed lines and moments of uncertainty; delivery could have been a bit sharper to really nail all the laughs. Beverley Sell (Hecuba Tomb) made the most of the role, her slightly bohemian costume and clanking beads and bracelets suggesting a figure altogether more benign than the keen poisoner and disposer of bodies that was her character. Wayne Ings was obviously having a blast as the vainglorious and very camp Quentin Danesworth, an initially fun character that nevertheless, like some others, suffered from the one-dimensional problem. Georgie Ray Burton was impressive as the hapless Antony Strickland, the PA with a few tricks up his sleeve, as was Kristy Hepworth as Phillipa Collins, the writer of crime fiction with more than a few ideas of her own. This was a fun and entertaining evening, performed with gusto and commitment by the Hamble Players. Karen Robson Aladdin – December 2017 An original and funny script provides all the necessary ingredients for a first-class and spectacular production of this famous Oriental rags to riches tale. Bursting with comedy and visual business, courtesy of Widow Twankey, Wishee Washee and the two Chinese Policemen (Yu-Dun-Wong and Hu-Dun-Pong), there is ample opportunity for audience participation, slapstick and traditional pantomime fun. Pride & Prejudice – July 2017 This tale of love and values unfolds in the class-conscious England of the late 18th century. The five Bennet sisters – including strong-willed Elizabeth and young Lydia – have been raised by
[ 9486, 4228, 966, 40684, 5330, 8725, 714, 1596, 5330, 551, 535, 50274, 4387, 40684, 5330, 9, 2776, 3935, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 12185, 9, 8559, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 714, 1596, 5330, 755, 33460, 1082, 551, 187, 50272, 2309, 3635, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50274, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 187, 94, 187, 50, 27, 187, 187, 10004, 272, 391, 28208, 28465, 20077, 432, 247, 873, 273, 295, 3603, 187, 187, 510, 1953, 309, 452, 310, 347, 3637, 27, 187, 187, 39418, 326, 368, 452, 271, 370, 79, 30775, 10531, 873, 370, 54, 5, 285, 326, 368, 3609, 370, 83, 5, 3907, 3632, 20077, 187, 50276, 5, 34, 64, 18, 13, 964, 964, 964, 1157, 329, 64, 83, 3384, 221, 213, 530, 1352, 1876, 370, 34, 64, 74, 5, 403, 6777, 594, 326, 512, 370, 19, 63, 79, 5, 187, 50276, 4039, 1271, 403, 9696, 2779, 15, 45947, 313, 249, 247, 2969, 187, 50276, 13784, 830, 10, 253, 5912, 326, 253, 370, 34, 64, 74, 5, 403, 28208, 28465, 15, 187, 187, 3220, 3177, 27, 187, 3220, 806, 1869, 369, 281, 897, 27131, 1981, 3904, 273, 253, 1273, 2238, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 1953, 2506, 626, 1333, 326, 253, 8083, 273, 512, 20077, 943, 320, 253, 2862, 873, 13, 594, 326, 2506, 626, 789, 15, 187, 9301, 309, 3597, 281, 513, 3066, 15496, 15, 844, 452, 281, 5206, 370, 83, 5, 20077, 432, 247, 2264, 273, 370, 19, 63, 79, 5, 20077, 15, 1198, 253, 3410, 2317, 13, 359, 452, 326, 1016, 581, 273, 253, 370, 83, 5, 6887, 556, 370, 79, 5, 10165, 15, 1893, 13, 359, 452, 247, 2264, 273, 370, 19, 768, 23838, 724, 10165, 15, 187, 2214, 253, 4520, 1080, 13, 309, 9919, 436, 27, 4325, 253, 370, 19, 63, 79, 5, 20077, 13, 5206, 581, 15, 831, 476, 320, 2218, 275, 370, 19, 63, 79, 393, 27271, 337, 5, 1039, 13, 285, 840, 253, 1273, 275, 370, 19, 63, 79, 14, 18, 393, 27271, 337, 5, 285, 594, 327, 7357, 359, 3609, 370, 83, 5, 20077, 15, 1723, 13, 309, 25436, 326, 417, 512, 273, 253, 20077, 275, 436, 588, 320, 28208, 28465, 285, 309, 1833, 320, 689, 14, 5560, 272, 14517, 664, 476, 3609, 551, 18, 13, 19, 94, 275, 253, 806, 4327, 13, 551, 19, 13, 20, 94, 275, 253, 1273, 4327, 481, 209, 187, 2598, 13, 309, 717, 10960, 1060, 15, 209, 187, 42, 513, 452, 253, 2900, 13, 534, 4245, 253, 2900, 275, 2426, 273, 13887, 247, 370, 83, 393, 3181, 295, 5, 4315, 342, 370, 17, 5, 390, 370, 18, 5, 6898, 10939, 342, 5912, 370, 18, 16, 19, 5, 285, 534, 556, 387, 954, 581, 370, 18, 5, 275, 1046, 5084, 13, 534, 309, 717, 7591, 281, 2096, 15, 209, 187, 5804, 3095, 1361, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 1394, 971, 281, 1385, 253, 370, 83, 2911, 16853, 1868, 273, 20077, 3019, 34, 64, 18, 1337, 5589, 13, 34, 64, 83, 1009, 273, 370, 54, 5, 187, 3113, 253, 370, 34, 64, 74, 5, 28465, 15, 19296, 273, 841, 370, 34, 64, 74, 5, 187, 284, 12783, 275, 534, 368, 476, 4710, 253, 3603, 273, 370, 54, 1352, 187, 1466, 370, 86, 61, 249, 530, 1352, 2635, 50276, 5658, 476, 4710, 370, 86, 5, 715, 581, 273, 253, 370, 34, 64, 74, 1366, 390, 1978, 352, 187, 395, 417, 4710, 187, 262, 715, 667, 273, 253, 12783, 15, 1893, 368, 452, 370, 83, 12, 18, 5, 4610, 323, 370, 86, 1352, 1284, 370, 54, 5, 556, 370, 79, 5, 3603, 13, 187, 5658, 452, 3019, 83, 12, 18, 4800, 79, 5, 4610, 4583, 15, 535, 6930, 187, 475, 22885, 187, 1738, 187, 187, 6, 32387, 14, 4347, 12086, 551, 187, 50276, 4090, 14, 7436, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50276, 27745, 27, 7985, 28, 535, 50276, 15, 28834, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 9511, 964, 31457, 14, 10146, 551, 187, 50276, 17333, 27, 374, 475, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 470, 28, 535, 50276, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 470, 28, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 7, 964, 31248, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 6520, 28, 187, 50274, 8623, 14, 15565, 27, 4055, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 535, 50272, 15, 2052, 18, 551, 2505, 14, 8623, 27, 4055, 28, 748, 187, 50272, 15, 2052, 19, 551, 3148, 27, 5293, 28, 748, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 2052, 18, 551, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 428, 740, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 23210, 27, 337, 337, 7288, 10543, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 2052, 19, 551, 187, 50272, 23210, 27, 337, 337, 5329, 10543, 187, 50272, 605, 32134, 275, 37180, 187, 50272, 605, 20389, 281, 1978, 253, 3186, 39458, 432, 1146, 48955, 187, 50272, 605, 5987, 1358, 9742, 27745, 15, 681, 16, 66, 16, 1093, 1036, 1976, 2082, 16, 1610, 2090, 30967, 187, 50272, 14, 20726, 14, 16702, 27, 16497, 59, 1490, 18, 3498, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 15, 11264, 14, 10008, 551, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 337, 15, 1671, 28, 187, 50274, 4090, 14, 3429, 27, 37378, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 8255, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 370, 1156, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 370, 4793, 14, 4909, 14, 11807, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 4567, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 15, 11264, 14, 10008, 14, 11546, 551, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 1227, 374, 470, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 337, 15, 23, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1384, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 370, 36277, 14, 1156, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 370, 4793, 14, 4909, 14, 11807, 28, 535, 50274, 66, 551, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 6712, 27, 18450, 28, 187, 50272, 4897, 27, 370, 36277, 14, 1156, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 608, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1283, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 15, 38211, 551, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 1384, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 66, 15, 8060, 551, 187, 50272, 17333, 27, 655, 3498, 3349, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 1156, 14, 16702, 27, 4627, 41810, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 370, 4793, 14, 4909, 14, 11807, 28, 187, 50272, 8412, 27, 13866, 14, 6172, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1638, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 6712, 27, 18450, 28, 187, 50272, 15139, 14, 35215, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 535, 50272, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 15456, 14, 1274, 27, 6753, 28, 187, 50270, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 6753, 28, 187, 50270, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50270, 4090, 14, 3429, 27, 10257, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 94, 535, 50272, 7, 27, 7053, 14, 7003, 551, 187, 50270, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 1227, 374, 28, 187, 50270, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 3644, 257, 3914, 22374, 14, 4897, 13, 2030, 34649, 535, 50270, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50268, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 6753, 28, 187, 50268, 15456, 14, 10492, 27, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50272, 7, 27, 7053, 14, 7003, 27, 22424, 551, 187, 50270, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 3644, 257, 3914, 22374, 14, 4897, 13, 1458, 34649, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50272, 7, 27, 6275, 14, 7003, 551, 187, 50270, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 370, 18108, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50272, 7, 27, 6275, 14, 7003, 27, 22424, 551, 187, 50270, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1708, 257, 3914, 18108, 14, 4897, 13, 608, 34649, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 15, 15004, 10735, 551, 187, 50274, 5, 5564, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 2082, 25953, 37, 28, 187, 50274, 5, 14224, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 36, 1619, 3655, 39, 28, 535, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 6753, 28, 187, 50274, 3429, 27, 16176, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 20156, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 3364, 14, 84, 3006, 27, 5680, 14, 3364, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 374, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 10914, 10914, 18446, 28, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 16702, 14, 4826, 27, 14003, 14, 20, 69, 28, 187, 50274, 3364, 14, 20644, 27, 470, 1458, 3498, 4791, 3498, 32267, 9, 17, 13, 470, 13, 470, 13, 470, 15, 18, 582, 470, 608, 3498, 1458, 3498, 32267, 9, 17, 13, 470, 13, 470, 13, 470, 15, 2922, 558, 535, 50274, 15, 88, 250, 506, 551, 187, 50272, 5, 3281, 27, 1052, 3498, 28, 535, 50272, 3321, 27, 7880, 28, 187, 50272, 3956, 27, 3925, 10543, 187, 50272, 1274, 27, 2456, 10543, 187, 50272, 44459, 27, 470, 15, 14521, 28, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 428, 370, 3281, 1227, 374, 28, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 1274, 27, 428, 370, 3281, 1227, 374, 28, 187, 50272, 3429, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50272, 7436, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50272, 11814, 27, 13955, 9688, 33692, 26094, 16, 31457, 16, 4123, 37281, 14, 88, 250, 506, 15, 22503, 10, 642, 14, 24712, 4055, 28, 187, 50272, 11814, 14, 3281, 27, 370, 3281, 6753, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 14224, 551, 187, 50272, 3364, 14, 84, 3006, 27, 5680, 14, 3364, 28, 187, 50272, 7436, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 50272, 14224, 27, 577, 3498, 4891, 370, 14224, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 5564, 551, 187, 50272, 1156, 14, 16702, 27, 4627, 41810, 28, 187, 50272, 1156, 14, 8623, 27, 4055, 28, 187, 50272, 15139, 14, 35215, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1638, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 17333, 14, 3956, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 28, 187, 50272, 4897, 27, 1708, 257, 3914, 5564, 14, 4897, 13, 884, 34649, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 37734, 551, 187, 50272, 15456, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 428, 608, 3498, 5096, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 14224, 14, 3956, 27, 374, 3498, 4891, 370, 14224, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 335, 551, 187, 50272, 3550, 14, 4826, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 1274, 27, 3307, 3498, 28, 535, 50272, 965, 551, 187, 50270, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 9743, 3498, 28, 187, 50270, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1283, 3498, 28, 187, 50270, 4897, 27, 370, 36277, 14, 1156, 14, 4897, 28, 535, 50270, 2551, 551, 187, 50268, 5, 3281, 27, 2164, 3498, 28, 535, 50268, 3429, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50268, 7436, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50268, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50268, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 721, 3498, 28, 187, 50268, 26806, 14, 8623, 27, 428, 18, 3498, 28, 187, 50268, 8412, 27, 13866, 14, 6172, 28, 187, 50268, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 370, 3281, 1227, 374, 28, 187, 50268, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1708, 257, 3914, 5564, 14, 4897, 13, 884, 34649, 187, 50268, 1156, 14, 8623, 27, 4055, 28, 535, 50268, 74, 15, 6855, 551, 187, 50266, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1249, 3498, 28, 187, 50266, 26806, 14, 8623, 27, 374, 3498, 28, 535, 50266, 7, 15, 6855, 14, 81, 21177, 551, 187, 50264, 26806, 14, 8623, 27, 495, 3498, 28, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50268, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 88, 250, 506, 551, 187, 50272, 16702, 27, 16497, 59, 9, 740, 3498, 558, 187, 50274, 94 ]	private static class ContainerException extends YarnException { public ContainerException(String message) { super(message); } @Override public YarnException getCause() { return null; } } } Q: Selecting r pairwise disjoint subsets from a set of n elements The question I have is as follows: Assume that you have an $n$–element set $U$ and that you select $r$ independent random subsets $A_1, . . . , A_r ⊂ U$. All $A_i$ are chosen so that all $2^n$ choices are equally likely. Compute (in a simple closed form) the probability that the $A_i$ are pairwise disjoint. My attempt: My first thought was to use Stirling numbers of the second kind. However, the question doesn't say that the union of all subsets should be the entire set, so that doesn't work. Next I tried to do via counting. We have to choose $r$ subsets from a total of $2^n$ subsets. For the sample space, we have that each one of the $r$ positions has $n$ choices. So, we have a total of $2^{nr}$ choices. For the numerator, I attempted this: From the $2^n$ subsets, choose one. This can be done in $2^n \choose 1$ way, and then the second in $2^n-1 \choose 1$ and so on till we select $r$ subsets. However, I realised that not all of the subsets in this will be pairwise disjoint and I'll be over-counting.(we can select {1,2} in the first choice, {2,3} in the second choice). So, I am stuck here. I do have the solution, which gives the solution in terms of choosing a $r \times n$ matrix with $0$ or $1$ filled independently with probability $1/2$ and which has at most one $1$ in every column, which I am unable to understand. Can someone help? A: You want to count the $r$-tuples of subsets $(A_1,\ldots,A_r)$ of $U$ with the $A_i$ disjoint. Think of these $A_i$ as boxes in which you can throw the elements of $U$. Let $u\in U$. Then you can throw $u$ into one of the $A_i$, or keep it and not throw it into any of the boxes. So you have $r+1$ options for $u$. As $U$ has $n$ elements, you have $(r+1)^n$ options overall. /** * Hero / %toc-expanded { max-height: none; overflow: visible; .expand { display: none; } } .home .lander-header { padding: 2 $spacing-unit 0; @include media-query($on-palm) { padding: $spacing-unit 0; } & .columns { display: flex; align-items: center; @include media-query($on-palm) { display: block; .col1 { text-align: center; } .col2 { display: none; } } .col1 { margin-top: -10px; flex: 1 1 55%; } .col2 { flex: 1 1 45%; // Bug in Safari // Need to keep the search dropdown from being overlapped // https://stackoverflow.com/a/18167565/3369702 -webkit-transform: translateZ(-1px); } } .site-description { margin: 0; padding: 0; line-height: 1.35; max-width: 560px; font-size: 54px; color: $text-color; font-family: $base-font-family; @include media-query($on-palm) { font-size: 32px; } } .site-description-full { margin: $spacing-unit / 2 0 0; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 20px; color: $secondary-text-color; font-family: $base-font-family; a { font-weight: 700; color: $secondary-text-color; } @include media-query($on-palm) { margin-top: 5px; font-size: 18px; } } .controls { margin-top: $spacing-unit; @include media-query($on-palm) { margin-top: 20px; } a.button { padding: 19px 28px; text-transform: uppercase; font-family: $base-font-family; display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px; @include media-query($on-palm) { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display: block; max-width: 250px; } &:first-child { margin-right: $spacing-unit / 2; background-color: darken($brand-color, 25%); @include media-query($on-palm) { margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; } } &:first-child:hover { background-color: darken($brand-color, 15%); } &:last-child { background-color: $important-color; } &:last-child:hover { background-color: lighten($important-color, 5%); } } } .certificate { $title-color: #65647D; $border-color: #C2873F; margin: 0 auto; width: 350px; height: 450px; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; border-radius: 2px; background-color: #FDFDFB; position: relative; transform-style: preserve-3d; box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07); .wreath { $size: 200px; position: absolute; top: 60%; left: 50%; opacity: 0.025; margin-top: - $size / 2; margin-left: - $size / 2; width: $size; height: $size; background: transparent url(/assets/lander/laurel-wreath.svg) no-repeat center; background-size: $size auto; } .border { box-sizing: border-box; height: 100%; border: 4px solid $border-color; } .title { text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 14px; padding-top: $spacing-unit; color: lighten($title-color, 10%); } .separator { margin: $spacing-unit - 5px 80px; border-top: 2px solid $border-color; } ul { list-style: none; margin-left: 22px; li { margin-top: 62px; font-size: 18px; color: $secondary-text-color; span { $size: 24px; width: $size; height: $size; line-height: $size; margin-right: 6px; vertical-align: -1px; display: inline-block; border-radius: $size / 2; background-color: lighten($title-color, 10%); text-align: center; i.fa { font-size: 12px; vertical-align: 2px; &.fa-pencil { vertical-align: 3px; } } } } } .wreath { transform: translateZ(10px); }
[ 13, 751, 275, 19120, 18044, 4031, 74, 27406, 1780, 394, 13825, 313, 43, 5236, 10, 390, 4155, 280, 418, 484, 316, 444, 610, 783, 2056, 46784, 313, 52, 1843, 481, 187, 187, 34, 303, 273, 1246, 1263, 369, 281, 7472, 1880, 253, 3382, 4868, 9497, 4061, 1194, 476, 320, 9371, 323, 26690, 342, 1698, 2793, 275, 14755, 285, 275, 4323, 273, 500, 7858, 275, 6803, 285, 8667, 273, 1363, 15, 5488, 13, 359, 2429, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 342, 309, 4708, 13, 247, 9630, 1327, 14, 26681, 4968, 342, 3710, 11659, 275, 19170, 31747, 1497, 12127, 1254, 1311, 22, 1656, 23736, 273, 309, 4708, 342, 9497, 3871, 42, 369, 417, 2783, 1580, 10429, 342, 5460, 34512, 285, 4688, 2957, 3176, 39380, 2762, 327, 309, 4708, 1254, 1311, 22, 1656, 496, 2045, 2175, 13, 9497, 4061, 1194, 369, 1119, 281, 320, 9630, 285, 7996, 281, 1818, 285, 6296, 13, 32495, 253, 7794, 273, 2425, 285, 4408, 4723, 13, 4136, 14975, 281, 5724, 841, 767, 2515, 11794, 1254, 1311, 1010, 1092, 1008, 1311, 1036, 1656, 187, 187, 4041, 1774, 906, 273, 776, 1263, 310, 326, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 2692, 7126, 734, 14, 44094, 4345, 313, 48856, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 26, 2082, 10, 3907, 432, 12878, 434, 2793, 13, 3021, 24025, 1543, 273, 2045, 2175, 1254, 1311, 1012, 1656, 8079, 13, 359, 2692, 326, 253, 2670, 273, 253, 10429, 858, 417, 2818, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 13367, 534, 369, 1077, 1175, 671, 275, 3672, 751, 7623, 13, 2454, 13, 3564, 285, 4669, 13, 2834, 281, 7472, 285, 5183, 326, 642, 2173, 3733, 275, 14755, 390, 275, 500, 7858, 6803, 310, 3309, 281, 897, 436, 3382, 4968, 8069, 15, 187, 187, 688, 8667, 689, 673, 13, 359, 2540, 326, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 369, 9630, 275, 8871, 598, 2544, 275, 2728, 2425, 13, 347, 734, 14, 44094, 34860, 593, 369, 7126, 15, 5488, 13, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 10575, 497, 5185, 342, 271, 7269, 4302, 824, 347, 309, 4708, 3103, 24025, 326, 436, 2969, 3382, 4968, 476, 320, 9371, 323, 8667, 2425, 275, 667, 29964, 4758, 15, 187, 187, 510, 9497, 3871, 42, 4723, 7103, 2692, 625, 22766, 1543, 347, 32207, 369, 1077, 1175, 313, 48856, 470, 15, 30715, 10, 533, 11041, 1783, 4860, 1698, 34860, 593, 875, 1174, 32930, 15, 496, 958, 13, 3738, 247, 2074, 9058, 875, 7363, 273, 1174, 32930, 369, 2540, 13, 597, 24315, 275, 2067, 2792, 15, 831, 778, 320, 10571, 5544, 407, 253, 1355, 1180, 273, 10429, 275, 690, 2133, 3672, 285, 407, 10183, 275, 9591, 2590, 14, 7317, 13812, 875, 7759, 273, 41424, 285, 38176, 13, 3164, 12208, 407, 43018, 434, 2793, 285, 5928, 273, 271, 4569, 3733, 15, 380, 1355, 10575, 2540, 275, 9497, 3871, 42, 7363, 689, 271, 3388, 273, 577, 575, 17348, 8, 673, 403, 3240, 1902, 494, 347, 352, 44995, 4942, 6474, 36476, 3386, 15, 187, 187, 15288, 4061, 1194, 513, 417, 2486, 253, 7103, 273, 14401, 307, 6473, 26683, 13, 824, 347, 5961, 22403, 1005, 13, 6036, 3310, 980, 13, 4275, 11219, 985, 10171, 3966, 15, 285, 556, 690, 7364, 671, 275, 15549, 2544, 275, 12861, 8090, 15, 399, 19278, 285, 31967, 4688, 9544, 347, 973, 347, 10942, 571, 13, 6616, 285, 5961, 10171, 476, 320, 8379, 6760, 407, 1029, 14, 18163, 30116, 18533, 13, 14478, 285, 13, 327, 2454, 13, 407, 17933, 1647, 1254, 1311, 26, 7254, 1311, 1012, 1656, 2053, 5657, 13, 5678, 342, 3382, 6803, 13, 778, 1361, 275, 625, 10799, 5426, 285, 8667, 273, 4408, 4723, 15, 187, 187, 36048, 13, 359, 5183, 326, 9497, 4061, 1194, 13, 1754, 327, 2969, 3382, 7103, 13, 2692, 1175, 13367, 275, 16344, 3939, 10429, 689, 673, 13, 275, 958, 1027, 3382, 2793, 275, 500, 7858, 858, 417, 4833, 3382, 31536, 275, 3939, 10429, 13, 1223, 275, 4723, 6803, 9497, 3871, 42, 369, 1679, 10799, 285, 417, 4336, 9630, 275, 8667, 4808, 2544, 15, 309, 4708, 5783, 281, 320, 247, 9371, 4968, 323, 15549, 2728, 2425, 285, 9630, 275, 8667, 10429, 689, 673, 15, 187, 187, 44908, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 22997, 273, 657, 14417, 187, 187, 30928, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 41051, 1025, 37019, 27292, 187, 187, 36602, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 37, 19278, 34512, 187, 187, 9308, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 10851, 304, 16977, 187, 187, 947, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 38, 610, 783, 785, 187, 187, 48856, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 43598, 317, 14407, 44541, 2434, 20246, 187, 187, 31249, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 688, 3804, 433, 20763, 78, 3756, 187, 187, 43, 7858, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 40700, 18044, 11629, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 187, 187, 15288, 4061, 1194, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 12599, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 18665, 6473, 23868, 16235, 187, 187, 15288, 3871, 42, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 12599, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 37019, 46327, 13193, 187, 187, 8316, 80, 3528, 42, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 37765, 11629, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 37019, 21907, 13193, 187, 187, 8643, 39, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 3220, 21592, 864, 25839, 353, 1171, 292, 300, 187, 187, 6229, 57, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 46, 678, 302, 18398, 366, 187, 187, 47, 16, 38, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 4257, 16, 3546, 14915, 264, 15411, 187, 187, 5414, 47, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 23064, 24836, 531, 187, 187, 52, 15, 37, 15, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 20842, 8397, 2492, 187, 187, 52, 1194, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 5623, 20976, 34512, 187, 187, 1267, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 52, 5914, 9544, 187, 187, 7845, 3057, 2488, 323, 941, 2748, 15, 187, 187, 4161, 9945, 281, 1363, 8, 6803, 285, 7482, 18520, 13, 401, 59, 9945, 281, 2216, 273, 253, 1263, 285, 7482, 18520, 13, 401, 55, 1160, 7605, 1783, 13, 17838, 9945, 281, 1363, 8, 6803, 285, 4159, 253, 7714, 285, 15509, 9945, 281, 2216, 273, 253, 1263, 13, 1363, 8, 6803, 285, 17265, 253, 7714, 15, 1876, 4477, 1239, 285, 7012, 253, 2457, 7714, 15, 187, 187, 39671, 9612, 285, 7578, 281, 10078, 1712, 21284, 18, 94, 187, 4578, 6428, 187, 187, 2302, 18035, 9612, 369, 3058, 1580, 9497, 4061, 1194, 285, 5461, 3756, 403, 4390, 275, 897, 275, 253, 10934, 6803, 273, 2151, 342, 11629, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 15, 1876, 5014, 3534, 616, 8191, 7578, 281, 10078, 15, 187, 187, 9323, 290, 323, 9311, 1712, 21284, 19, 94, 187, 27240, 187, 187, 48, 2612, 1243, 15, 187, 187, 24163, 6284, 1712, 21284, 20, 94, 187, 26657, 187, 187, 510, 4477, 11165, 326, 597, 452, 642, 11771, 6284, 15, 187, 187, 33983, 434, 5838, 1712, 21284, 21, 94, 187, 1702, 187, 187, 45074, 13375, 4558, 9238, 342, 2743, 281, 26244, 3916, 275, 3863, 8115, 285, 15772, 37295, 15, 187, 2374, 619, 1039, 3729, 309, 6331, 275, 387, 18147, 16611, 13, 247, 3511, 7203, 309, 574, 644, 4495, 281, 2451, 562, 323, 247, 1048, 673, 15, 12526, 1955, 281, 9378, 7596, 309, 1904, 457, 85, 8722, 281, 755, 667, 1175, 7968, 273, 352, 13, 533, 627, 457, 84, 9828, 27381, 15, 309, 2210, 281, 253, 26250, 3066, 10427, 257, 35607, 13, 285, 2986, 264, 627, 594, 309, 812, 331, 19493, 896, 281, 253, 3889, 285, 1509, 562, 1293, 6276, 9825, 313, 66, 1364, 281, 6283, 4264, 667, 3511, 7203, 481, 733, 457, 84, 670, 247, 767, 13915, 27966, 1066, 281, 253, 1824, 432, 627, 13, 533, 352, 457, 84, 247, 5322, 27966, 15, 2058, 253, 29121, 309, 3047, 247, 359, 8189, 1711, 34408, 382, 285, 247, 1980, 5599, 665, 369, 34778, 562, 1066, 627, 313, 1200, 12155, 10, 1580, 344, 3663, 521, 2628, 15, 754, 2183, 479, 670, 849, 247, 10299, 10802, 574, 4102, 690, 949, 285, 6898, 275, 247, 2257, 273, 253, 24283, 13, 533, 344, 369, 2444, 281, 4076, 731, 562, 15, 1583, 497, 690, 1077, 5322, 24283, 6296, 15, 733, 457, 84, 3164, 581, 273, 253, 6815, 383, 3626, 3511, 29121, 309, 457, 306, 644, 281, 15, 1720, 34274, 281, 3780, 275, 253, 2170, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1735, 1388, 309, 574, 9355, 281, 4533, 598, 281, 14645, 10947, 285, 6830, 12394, 43417, 24515, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 3889, 369, 3782, 1442, 30043, 326, 1388, 13, 417, 19507, 715, 4446, 323, 247, 1223, 15, 831, 5486, 309, 5262, 954, 273, 253, 1388, 275, 3874, 2970, 253, 3889, 3261, 387, 594, 13, 18670, 13, 309, 5082, 457, 85, 2740, 1066, 275, 253, 13438, 15, 3808, 673, 327, 253, 4481, 326, 1388, 671, 12059, 619, 7408, 5827, 247, 2372, 13, 4560, 562, 326, 619, 12633, 651, 417, 320, 275, 31593, 8440, 326, 8849, 13, 285, 619, 3858, 665, 309, 369, 1469, 281, 564, 281, 18088, 342, 574, 32093, 616, 7408, 15, 1893, 625, 685, 247, 3618, 4409, 273, 619, 5827, 497, 439, 9367, 745, 2, 309, 3078, 281, 755, 896, 281, 3452, 91, 11155, 8791, 285, 12317, 598, 323, 8986, 13, 594, 436, 369, 4030, 15, 2752, 7408, 651, 1335, 320, 247, 1770, 1048, 407, 253, 673, 352, 369, 689, 15, 322, 7151, 2147, 670, 253, 3889, 285, 9049, 281, 1481, 1728, 309, 2624, 14645, 10947, 562, 273, 253, 7408, 285, 1160, 323, 29565, 34632, 3185, 13, 11525, 281, 21266, 13169, 457, 84, 1029, 1127, 8352, 40824, 5292, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 253, 1039, 281, 29565, 34632, 309, 858, 1089, 673, 281, 1614, 745, 253, 40874, 285, 8729, 2084, 715, 6956, 75, 1123, 3313, 3327, 4003, 323, 247, 2372, 2167, 15, 1244, 5006, 717, 309, 9995, 309, 858, 15, 309, 4352, 598, 253, 12891, 649, 10086, 22821, 601, 12221, 265, 428, 253, 2626, 10086, 383, 277, 14124, 275, 3729, 3968, 15, 309, 1694, 627, 816, 1078, 32712, 13, 285, 574, 253, 2644, 1659, 281, 4266, 15, 733, 369, 247, 22936, 13, 2761, 12435, 2793, 13, 253, 2238, 273, 2181, 326, 6569, 281, 479, 275, 253, 32321, 7208, 533, 1620, 4850, 1711, 285, 11359, 479, 3551, 896, 969, 285, 969, 15, 380, 2022, 277, 2517, 369, 5699, 13, 285, 309, 11346, 247, 1892, 1408, 281, 253, 1755, 840, 309, 816, 10416, 562, 13, 22802, 1066, 253, 277, 2517, 285, 21266, 896, 598, 390, 816, 7063, 285, 7487, 253, 8314, 40685, 15925, 32712, 323, 689, 271, 4964, 15, 309, 2335, 670, 247, 28126, 7963, 285, 39349, 619, 8034, 19500, 6568, 323, 352, 457, 84, 19876, 4433, 387, 26475, 253, 2032, 4936, 13707, 273, 253, 6200, 15, 9418, 3856, 428, 5747, 616, 35387, 428, 323, 634, 14657, 11284, 403, 690, 273, 619, 7583, 7963, 432, 253, 277, 14124, 15, 14660, 1284, 329, 18666, 45325, 187, 187, 510, 28722, 281, 10338, 2325, 1832, 187, 187, 34, 2257, 273, 2069, 309, 717, 2546, 752, 1694, 479, 715, 253, 2136, 273, 2403, 27125, 13, 3340, 13290, 5184, 27125, 285, 17845, 27125, 15, 380, 3662, 310, 3798, 581, 326, 309, 1663, 1053, 626, 871, 13, 984, 619, 390, 525, 267, 7342, 342, 3440, 1904, 626, 1265, 745, 342, 253, 4736, 273, 7552, 247, 7171, 24320, 15, 187, 187, 8116, 672, 309, 806, 3053, 9551, 4266, 281, 1132, 253, 18542, 387, 2363, 1903, 13, 309, 574, 581, 2022, 4736, 275, 2564, 13, 285, 326, 369, 281, 2794, 619, 1211, 24455, 23033, 3437, 285, 755, 352, 4546, 327, 411, 9744, 34, 5325, 15, 22, 13, 247, 6032, 24455, 5553, 4660, 275, 8068, 5274, 15, 187, 187, 42, 8899, 598, 11298, 281, 24455, 984, 619, 3392, 4546, 352, 512, 253, 673, 275, 253, 1113, 15, 754, 574, 1900, 3078, 281, 1132, 253, 18542, 5675, 598, 13, 533, 1620, 6311, 15, 2064, 8327, 4824, 327, 275, 479, 13, 285, 581, 1388, 309, 816, 23686, 598, 342, 247, 13195, 8327, 281, 3037, 15, 187, 187, 2598, 846, 13868, 598, 2583, 432, 619, 32301, 285, 38141, 619, 4651, 281, 1361, 479, 13, 309, 1694, 619, 806, 313, 6549, 10, 2120, 14, 10306, 15487, 323, 370, 938, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 1056, 247, 1048, 2926, 2159, 13, 309, 1313, 690, 952, 285, 7402, 598, 1146, 247, 629, 273, 247, 3961, 275, 253, 49254, 15, 844, 651, 1790, 1475, 512, 1388, 327, 19004, 11015, 285, 1924, 327, 619, 3331, 434, 3392, 434, 854, 3540, 11173, 12595, 15, 380, 8327, 8899, 13, 285, 6524, 309, 4425, 326, 309, 3078, 281, 452, 619, 1211, 11803, 835, 309, 812, 1924, 619, 14088, 23033, 24455, 6493, 672, 309, 3589, 626, 342, 253, 3961, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 2217, 1107, 273, 13868, 285, 11280, 6500, 5313, 407, 5313, 13, 309, 9288, 2217, 6500, 281, 1924, 619, 9575, 281, 3437, 15, 309 ]	, like in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Aim of present study was to evaluate whether the clinical score LoSCAT can be helpful for clinicians with low experience in scoring and in management of JLS in assessment and monitoring of patients. Furthermore, we compared mLoSSI with IRT, a reliable non-invasive tool with limited availability in pediatric rheumatology centers \[[@CR5]\]. Comparison of IRT with LoSDI was not considered since lesions with severe atrophy and fat loss appear falsely positive on IRT \[[@CR5]\]. In previous studies, LoSCAT was found to be reliable and sensitive to change and indeed, distinguishing the aspects of activity and tissue damage, allowed physicians to monitor these two conditions separately \[[@CR15], [@CR16]\]. One important result of our study is that mLoSSI showed excellent inter-observer agreement (ICC = 0.965) independent from physician's experience, thus confirming results of previous studies \[[@CR13]\]. Indeed, we showed that the site of the lesions did not affect mLoSSI reliability which was very good also in areas like neck, face, hands and feet, difficult to evaluate and demonstrated that no specific training in scoring or in JLS assessment is necessary to use this clinical tool effectively. In monitoring over time, we observed that mLoSSI was reliable in picking up changes in disease activity, as inter-observer concordance was excellent. Furthermore, mLoSSI variations were consistent with an advanced technology such as IRT therefore confirming that this simple clinical tool can be helpful for monitoring activity in any outpatient setting. The LoSDI damage evaluation showed more heterogeneous results as ICC was very good (ICC 0.774) but variance analysis indicated low concordance between examiners. In fact, although a similar trend between scores of examiners was observed, they differed in several points. This may be partially explained by the small number of lesions in some body areas and by difficulty in performing clear-cut distinction between degrees of DAT and SAT, probably influenced by clinician's experience and absence of an appropriate training. The small variations observed in LoSDI scores over an average of 4 months' time are quite expectable as it evaluates relatively stable cutaneous features. LoSCAT do not include the evaluation of extracutaneous manifestations, such as bone deformities, joint contractures, central nervous system involvement etc. and has some limitations also in detecting changes in deeper layers. Dermal and subcutaneous fat thickness as well as fascia, muscle and bone involvement can be successfully evaluated by high-frequency Doppler ultrasound, MRI and, on face, by CBCT \[[@CR9]--[@CR13]\]. These tools, combined with clinical assessment, may help in more precise definition and monitoring of tissue damage. Nevertheless, we demonstrated that LoSCAT, based on simple clinical evaluation, showed good reliability in evaluating active lesions over time, in fact different clinical experience in JLS did not influence clinical judgement in active lesions, while in damage assessment LoSDI was less precise and not completely reliable in monitoring skin changes. IRT confirmed to be a helpful tool for detecting disease activity and reliable in monitoring lesions over time. ANOVA : Analysis of Variance CSS : Computerized Skin Score DAT : Dermal atrophy DP : Depigmentation ER : Erythema ICC : Intraclass Correlation Coefficient IRT : Infrared Thermography JLS : Juvenile Localized Scleroderma LoSCAT : Localized Scleroderma Cutaneous Assessment Tool LoSDI : Localized Scleroderma Skin Damage Index mLoSSI : Modified Localized Scleroderma Skin Activity Index MMF : Mycophenolate Mofetil MTX : Methotrexate N/E : New/Enlarged lesion PDN : Prednisone S.D. : Standard Deviation SAT : Subcutaneous atrophy ST : Skin thickness Please contact author for data request. GF contributed to patients' assessment and draft revision, FZ contributed to design of the study and draft revision, FV made statistical analysis, AA contributed to patients' assessment and wrote the manuscript and GM contributed to design of the study, patients' assessment and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Ethics approval and consent to participate {#FPar1} ========================================== No ethics approval was needed since LoSCAT and thermography are currently in use in the routine assessment of children with Localized Scleroderma. All participants gave their informed consent to participate. Consent for publication {#FPar2} ======================= Obtained. Competing interests {#FPar3} =================== The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Publisher's Note {#FPar4} ================ Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. On my way North I stopped in at Deep Creek, a hot spring I had been meaning to check out for a long time. Unfortunately due to battery trouble I didn’t manage to get any good pictures of it, but there’s plentyonline. I came to the Springs via Bowen Ranch, and camped there so I could stumble back to the van and pass out without driving anywhere (a must to properly enjoy any hot spring). It’s about a two mile hike down to the water from there, but it’s a nice hike. At the springs I saw a weathered old nudist and a local guy who was camping out down there (shhh) since he lost his job. He told me about how a flash flood had recently some through and filled in a lot of the pools, but he was working to clean them out. They were some very nice pools indeed. It’s probably one of the nicest natural hot springs I’ve been to. Recommended to anyone in the area. The next day I had planned to roll up to Death Valley and possibly climb Telescope Peak. However, the van was particularly finicky that day, not shifting into drive for a while. This meant I spent most of the day in town getting the van looked at so, hopefully, I wouldn’t break down in the desert. Some time on the phone that day also altered my trip plans a bit, finding out that my folks would not be in Sedona that weekend, and my friends who I was going to go to Vegas with had canceled their trip. So more than a weeks worth of my plans were shaved off! I wanted to get back to Bozeman anyway and gear up for winter, so this was fine. My trip would still be a month long by the time it was over. Sketched about the van and excited to head home I cut Death Valley out of the trip and made for Flagstaff instead, hoping to climbing Arizona’s high point Mount Humphrey. On the way to Flagstaff I did find time to turn off the Interstate and jaunt into Mojave National Preserve for a bit though. And boy am I glad I did. I hit up the 600ft tall Kelso Dunes - the third tallest dunes in North America. I got there just before sunset, and had the whole place to myself. It was a spectacular, almost spiritual experience, the kind of thing that happens to me in the outdoors frequently but never gets old and keeps me coming back again and again. The main dune was huge, and I enjoyed a hard run to the top then I just hung out, jumping down the dune and climbing back up or just sitting and watching the ridiculously brilliant sunset for over an hour. I took about a trillion photos and cursed my crappy camera for it’s epic failure at capturing the true grandeur of the scene. :) Here - despite their shortcomings - for your viewing pleasure are some of my favorite photos from the dunes.Life As A Beat Maker The Decision to Make Beats A lot of times I am asked what got me into the business of making beats, especially hip hop beats and rap beats. The answer is usually one that I really don't know, because my orignal goals with music didn't start off with the goal of becoming a beat maker. Back when I first started teaching myself to play the piano at age 11, I had one main goal in mind, and that was to create my own jazz instrumental CD and get it played on WNUA 95.5, a smooth jazz radio station in Chicago IL. I grew up listening to jazz because my father played it all the time in the car. He had always wanted to play the piano growing up, but never learned. That desire carried on in me, and one day I just woke up with a burning desire to learn. So after saving up money from my allowance and begging my parents to help me, I got my first (real) full-sized keyboard for $20. To make a long story short, I met some people and ended up being a part of a band in the attic. We would sit around all day on saturdays and record on my friend's father's 8 track tape deck. The desire grew, and eventually I decided that I wanted to have my own studio where I could record my solo instrumental jazz projects when I wasn't with the band. After enough years of saving and buying equipment piece by piece, I acquired enough equipment to record my songs to CD. I
[ 15408, 4324, 403, 5431, 3206, 275, 253, 7796, 273, 32909, 312, 13495, 12872, 326, 1347, 15783, 7601, 3470, 387, 1798, 47625, 8593, 15, 17273, 1475, 247, 6442, 59, 14, 3169, 32973, 4483, 253, 6474, 14536, 273, 18745, 4324, 285, 25222, 253, 2281, 285, 32422, 273, 2625, 28942, 1561, 253, 2570, 15, 3808, 6442, 59, 14, 15408, 4324, 403, 625, 23043, 13527, 275, 3268, 285, 778, 671, 320, 3206, 275, 253, 22003, 273, 18745, 4324, 1561, 253, 894, 15, 20, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 25318, 16, 19044, 1438, 1525, 187, 24408, 569, 273, 8967, 7424, 403, 247, 7936, 2425, 275, 3732, 23065, 15, 3900, 24842, 253, 2022, 1437, 369, 281, 15313, 512, 14, 27299, 11333, 824, 347, 6486, 3064, 13, 6486, 4644, 285, 6486, 3284, 3082, 323, 2317, 35132, 1320, 13, 14311, 463, 1253, 44, 29662, 285, 4872, 1554, 382, 554, 3082, 323, 673, 9554, 13, 275, 253, 1390, 2030, 1107, 253, 2770, 556, 14728, 281, 2714, 5971, 273, 8967, 7424, 285, 4096, 14, 20989, 11333, 326, 403, 27846, 281, 14003, 2714, 3386, 273, 1016, 966, 15, 831, 556, 1677, 6054, 281, 253, 747, 4910, 273, 17856, 10704, 9554, 285, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 1320, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 1146, 36878, 7899, 13, 841, 4460, 3082, 452, 253, 5750, 273, 671, 1146, 36143, 7899, 347, 597, 30686, 253, 2234, 8350, 3607, 273, 616, 19106, 21421, 15, 831, 556, 5486, 247, 1781, 14, 7527, 10199, 273, 17856, 285, 17597, 4680, 715, 4980, 10704, 23065, 15, 187, 10457, 436, 8249, 13521, 387, 253, 29222, 19608, 6516, 323, 34098, 13416, 13, 359, 588, 2953, 7936, 3533, 275, 253, 1673, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 5904, 273, 8967, 7424, 327, 28236, 275, 2317, 285, 673, 15, 844, 588, 3324, 2366, 767, 7888, 326, 452, 644, 23453, 616, 5859, 2112, 7529, 11411, 281, 19072, 25755, 29709, 84, 275, 690, 2201, 8249, 4893, 13, 534, 1067, 323, 7269, 10704, 9864, 5609, 15, 831, 588, 1421, 281, 253, 2440, 273, 247, 747, 5978, 273, 2317, 14, 2606, 35132, 5904, 323, 16483, 7424, 15, 187, 10457, 253, 13521, 359, 18607, 281, 1963, 885, 1264, 29561, 285, 767, 7106, 1263, 9894, 21692, 767, 3618, 327, 4236, 2898, 3672, 15, 187, 510, 5161, 16876, 273, 253, 13521, 403, 27, 187, 30616, 917, 35132, 5904, 15, 187, 7559, 7480, 10704, 9554, 15, 187, 34359, 23029, 285, 10704, 39241, 15, 187, 43432, 281, 30745, 275, 6318, 17823, 15, 1047, 1449, 9638, 9304, 13, 1668, 7659, 6247, 1668, 27, 3071, 27, 2640, 559, 1418, 21091, 13, 1722, 9218, 6247, 1638, 27, 2945, 27, 2941, 559, 28949, 561, 983, 14, 13821, 33, 1028, 84, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 25318, 16, 19044, 1438, 1525, 187, 2413, 1358, 43053, 15, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 262, 14124, 14, 5695, 16, 19569, 1671, 1012, 15, 11368, 2413, 1358, 16455, 15, 8716, 15, 49269, 15, 681, 16, 28094, 859, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 24408, 569, 273, 8967, 7424, 403, 247, 7936, 2425, 275, 3732, 23065, 15, 3900, 24842, 253, 2022, 1437, 369, 281, 15313, 512, 14, 27299, 11333, 824, 347, 6486, 3064, 13, 6486, 4644, 285, 6486, 3284, 3082, 323, 2317, 35132, 1320, 13, 14311, 463, 1253, 44, 29662, 285, 4872, 1554, 382, 554, 3082, 323, 673, 9554, 13, 275, 253, 1390, 2030, 1107, 253, 2770, 556, 14728, 281, 2714, 5971, 273, 8967, 7424, 285, 4096, 14, 20989, 11333, 326, 403, 27846, 281, 14003, 2714, 3386, 273, 1016, 966, 15, 831, 556, 1677, 6054, 281, 253, 747, 4910, 273, 17856, 10704, 9554, 285, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 1320, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 1146, 36878, 7899, 13, 841, 4460, 3082, 452, 253, 5750, 273, 671, 1146, 36143, 7899, 347, 597, 30686, 253, 2234, 8350, 3607, 273, 616, 19106, 21421, 15, 831, 556, 5486, 247, 1781, 14, 7527, 10199, 273, 17856, 285, 17597, 4680, 715, 4980, 10704, 23065, 15, 187, 10457, 436, 8249, 13521, 387, 253, 29222, 19608, 6516, 323, 34098, 13416, 13, 359, 588, 2953, 7936, 3533, 275, 253, 1673, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 5904, 273, 8967, 7424, 327, 28236, 275, 2317, 285, 673, 15, 844, 588, 3324, 2366, 767, 7888, 326, 452, 644, 23453, 616, 5859, 2112, 7529, 11411, 281, 19072, 25755, 29709, 84, 275, 690, 2201, 8249, 4893, 13, 534, 1067, 323, 7269, 10704, 9864, 5609, 15, 831, 588, 1421, 281, 253, 2440, 273, 247, 747, 5978, 273, 2317, 14, 2606, 35132, 5904, 323, 16483, 7424, 15, 187, 10457, 253, 13521, 359, 18607, 281, 1963, 885, 1264, 29561, 285, 767, 7106, 1263, 9894, 21692, 767, 3618, 327, 4236, 2898, 3672, 15, 187, 510, 5161, 16876, 273, 253, 13521, 403, 27, 187, 30616, 917, 35132, 5904, 15, 187, 7559, 7480, 10704, 9554, 15, 187, 34359, 23029, 285, 10704, 39241, 15, 187, 43432, 281, 30745, 275, 6318, 17823, 15, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 24408, 569, 273, 8967, 7424, 403, 247, 7936, 2425, 275, 3732, 23065, 15, 3900, 24842, 253, 2022, 1437, 369, 281, 15313, 512, 14, 27299, 11333, 824, 347, 6486, 3064, 13, 6486, 4644, 285, 6486, 3284, 3082, 323, 2317, 35132, 1320, 13, 14311, 463, 1253, 44, 29662, 285, 4872, 1554, 382, 554, 3082, 323, 673, 9554, 13, 275, 253, 1390, 2030, 1107, 253, 2770, 556, 14728, 281, 2714, 5971, 273, 8967, 7424, 285, 4096, 14, 20989, 11333, 326, 403, 27846, 281, 14003, 2714, 3386, 273, 1016, 966, 15, 831, 556, 1677, 6054, 281, 253, 747, 4910, 273, 17856, 10704, 9554, 285, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 1320, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 1146, 36878, 7899, 13, 841, 4460, 3082, 452, 253, 5750, 273, 671, 1146, 36143, 7899, 347, 597, 30686, 253, 2234, 8350, 3607, 273, 616, 19106, 21421, 15, 831, 556, 5486, 247, 1781, 14, 7527, 10199, 273, 17856, 285, 17597, 4680, 715, 4980, 10704, 23065, 15, 187, 10457, 436, 8249, 13521, 387, 253, 29222, 19608, 6516, 323, 34098, 13416, 13, 359, 588, 2953, 7936, 3533, 275, 253, 1673, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 5904, 273, 8967, 7424, 327, 28236, 275, 2317, 285, 673, 15, 844, 588, 3324, 2366, 767, 7888, 326, 452, 644, 23453, 616, 5859, 2112, 7529, 11411, 281, 19072, 25755, 29709, 84, 275, 690, 2201, 8249, 4893, 13, 534, 1067, 323, 7269, 10704, 9864, 5609, 15, 831, 588, 1421, 281, 253, 2440, 273, 247, 747, 5978, 273, 2317, 14, 2606, 35132, 5904, 323, 16483, 7424, 15, 187, 10457, 253, 13521, 359, 18607, 281, 1963, 885, 1264, 29561, 285, 767, 7106, 1263, 9894, 21692, 767, 3618, 327, 4236, 2898, 3672, 15, 187, 510, 5161, 16876, 273, 253, 13521, 403, 27, 187, 30616, 917, 35132, 5904, 15, 187, 7559, 7480, 10704, 9554, 15, 187, 34359, 23029, 285, 10704, 39241, 15, 187, 43432, 281, 30745, 275, 6318, 17823, 15, 33738, 2499, 44, 15, 611, 379, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 25318, 16, 19044, 1438, 1525, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 9638, 14, 2922, 14, 1166, 53, 1047, 27, 2945, 27, 2941, 12, 520, 27, 361, 1042, 2894, 52, 28484, 3593, 2369, 11270, 1050, 775, 27584, 265, 275, 28161, 474, 5712, 18473, 1028, 84, 64, 84, 983, 64, 19044, 1438, 1525, 64, 21645, 805, 1036, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 8236, 16, 21645, 805, 1036, 187, 24408, 1050, 775, 27584, 265, 275, 28161, 474, 5712, 18473, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 187, 26788, 1884, 394, 4397, 6247, 428, 1668, 27, 361, 281, 1722, 27, 361, 9304, 13, 1884, 16925, 6247, 1722, 27, 1630, 27, 2950, 559, 28949, 48728, 317, 19608, 6516, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 2428, 19, 66, 3439, 71, 2357, 1438, 1525, 8632, 67, 47161, 19044, 68, 19, 70, 24, 66, 19, 5470, 1717, 2787, 12847, 26, 68, 20, 67, 26, 1812, 71, 23, 70, 2270, 71, 26, 71, 18, 69, 20, 67, 12352, 29288, 11238, 615, 23185, 1630, 70, 805, 70, 1610, 3141, 66, 15882, 832, 67, 22, 18393, 66, 30541, 12847, 42772, 25805, 70, 3571, 71, 43438, 2222, 67, 17, 71, 615, 25, 1671, 1047, 2526, 34307, 68, 20, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 187, 26788, 1884, 394, 4397, 6247, 428, 1668, 27, 361, 281, 1722, 27, 361, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 187, 26788, 1884, 394, 4397, 6247, 428, 1668, 27, 361, 281, 1722, 27, 361, 33738, 2499, 1839, 1449, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 8236, 16, 21645, 805, 1036, 11270, 1050, 775, 27584, 265, 275, 28161, 474, 5712, 18473, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 187, 26788, 1884, 394, 4397, 6247, 428, 1668, 27, 361, 281, 1722, 27, 361, 42, 588, 1918, 247, 4864, 18389, 273, 253, 690, 273, 253, 7881, 275, 15180, 2900, 273, 253, 21003, 1673, 7424, 15, 42, 588, 840, 6266, 253, 4114, 2228, 38171, 5853, 13, 4158, 281, 1581, 323, 625, 43245, 5919, 2900, 273, 15216, 835, 247, 1534, 5110, 273, 253, 5028, 310, 2810, 281, 247, 871, 13, 3242, 2900, 15, 1916, 7568, 13, 309, 588, 2319, 2898, 281, 32238, 20638, 273, 247, 4177, 407, 247, 2221, 14611, 422, 2806, 7793, 13, 285, 2175, 273, 2806, 7793, 2221, 4614, 5155, 15, 9638, 14, 2693, 14, 1229, 53, 1166, 27, 1630, 27, 2950, 12, 520, 27, 42861, 1449, 21645, 805, 1036, 5672, 1036, 89, 26, 71, 932, 15854, 8721, 400, 14417, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 10704, 3082, 28, 690, 2219, 285, 1859, 10801, 1028, 84, 64, 84, 983, 64, 19044, 1438, 1525, 64, 20207, 3079, 1166, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 8236, 16, 20207, 3079, 1166, 187, 7008, 400, 14417, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 10704, 3082, 28, 690, 2219, 285, 1859, 10801, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 187, 28781, 1903, 394, 4565, 6247, 428, 1458, 27, 1762, 281, 1458, 27, 1235, 9304, 13, 1668, 7659, 6247, 1668, 27, 3071, 27, 2640, 559, 1418, 48728, 317, 19608, 6516, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 68, 43995, 70, 17, 4989, 23, 71, 38586, 66, 33333, 1166, 24257, 71, 1706, 3655, 70, 21, 357, 22, 33648, 28899, 886, 2385, 1678, 22, 42815, 14576, 26, 71, 1093, 11316, 3141, 2251, 71, 24, 68, 25, 12352, 2357, 2320, 23, 12352, 1812, 12964, 31408, 71, 18, 886, 2357, 70, 24, 68, 23, 70, 35466, 25772, 70, 42082, 336, 68, 17726, 15781, 15882, 70, 2222, 68, 1229, 71, 17, 3342, 17048, 18, 71, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 187, 28781, 1903, 394, 4565, 6247, 428, 1458, 27, 1762, 281, 1458, 27, 1235, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 187, 28781, 1903, 394, 4565, 6247, 428, 1458, 27, 1762, 281, 1458, 27, 1235, 33738, 2499, 20, 20070, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 8236, 16, 20207, 3079, 1166, 8721, 400, 14417, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 10704, 3082, 28, 690, 2219, 285, 1859, 10801, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 187, 28781, 1903, 394, 4565, 6247, 428, 1458, 27, 1762, 281, 1458, 27, 1235, 6067, 1127, 273, 16018, 310, 253, 4112, 672, 627, 310, 247, 1387, 273, 21257, 8534, 1097, 327, 776, 1895, 2317, 285, 327, 253, 2317, 275, 534, 776, 30745, 403, 4197, 15, 8721, 400, 14417, 6569, 672, 253, 3711, 432, 253, 1895, 2317, 281, 253, 13782, 2317, 13, 891, 15, 70, 15, 776, 10704, 1332, 13, 764, 2279, 342, 253, 1387, 2250, 15, 831, 310, 247, 2581, 2087, 285, 21248, 5426, 13, 533, 359, 3091, 1056, 352, 10799, 285, 1908, 247, 1643, 11859, 6667, 275, 253, 2312, 15, 496, 690, 2219, 13, 253, 32270, 14417, 2867, 310, 3626, 13, 275, 643, 2219, 352, 310, 1633, 326, 359, 971, 281, 16209, 275, 253, 10704, 1332, 275, 1340, 281, 4044, 15180, 15849, 342, 2176, 6799, 2605, 24279, 18701, 15, 6676, 273, 253, 6667, 359, 1246, 588, 320, 2905, 281, 253, 10704, 2900, 273, 8967, 7424, 285, 359, 778, 671, 1246, 690, 3332, 6667, 432, 13345, 11454, 6928, 285, 13358, 40369, 2718, 15, 831, 310, 789, 275, 4780, 285, 352, 10405, 3013, 690, 273, 253, 5697, 253, 14925, 556, 644, 16585, 342, 643, 5014, 436, 25986, 15, 9638, 14, 805, 14, 1036, 53, 1036, 27, 3071, 27, 2640, 12, 361, 27, 4838, 1166, 3245, 805, 3079, 1166, 5672, 1036, 89, 26, 71, 932, 15854, 4214, 5712, 18473, 27, 2596, 15204, 387, 247, 6865, 1028, 84, 64, 84, 983, 64, 19044 ]	containing proteins are typically involved in the assembly of supramolecular complexes that perform localized signaling functions at particular subcellular locations. Organization around a PDZ-based scaffold allows the stable localization of interacting proteins and enhances the rate and fidelity of signal transduction within the complex. Some PDZ-containing proteins are more dynamically regulated in distribution and may also be involved in the trafficking of interacting proteins within the cell.3 Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equationshttp://sms.cam.ac.uk/collection/3028099 Computations of differential equations are a fundamental activity in applied mathematics. While historically the main quest was to derive all-purpose algorithms such as finite difference, finite volume and finite element methods for space discretization, Runge–Kutta and linear multistep methods for time integration, in the last 25 years the focus has shifted to special classes of differential equations and purpose-built algorithms that are tailored to preserve special features of each class. This has given rise to the new fields of geometric numerical integration and of structure preserving discretization. In addition to being quantitatively accurate, these novel methods have the advantage of also being qualitatively accurate as they inherit the key structural properties of their continuum counterparts. This has meant a large-scale introduction of geometric and topological thinking into modern numerical mathematics. During this scientific programme at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, we will address fundamental questions in the field of structure preserving discretizations of differential equations on manifolds in space and time. We will bring together two communities that have been pursuing their science along parallel tracks to endeavour breakthroughs in some major scientific applications, which call for advanced numerical simulation techniques. This will lead to the development of a new generation of space-time discretizations for evolutionary equations. During the programme we intend to organise three workshops and two focused study periods lasting two weeks on selected application areas. The core themes of the programme are: Compatible discretizations. Geometric numerical integration. Structure preservation and numerical relativity. Applications to computations in quantum mechanics.14402019Mon, 16 Dec 2019 16:06:02 +0000Wed, 17 Jul 2019 14:42:03 [email protected] Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equationshttp://sms.cam.ac.uk/collection/3028099 http://rss.sms.cam.ac.uk/itunes-image/3103513.jpghttp://video.search.yahoo.com/mrss Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equationsComputations of differential equations are a fundamental activity in applied mathematics. While historically the main quest was to derive all-purpose algorithms such as finite difference, finite volume and finite element methods for space discretization, Runge–Kutta and linear multistep methods for time integration, in the last 25 years the focus has shifted to special classes of differential equations and purpose-built algorithms that are tailored to preserve special features of each class. This has given rise to the new fields of geometric numerical integration and of structure preserving discretization. In addition to being quantitatively accurate, these novel methods have the advantage of also being qualitatively accurate as they inherit the key structural properties of their continuum counterparts. This has meant a large-scale introduction of geometric and topological thinking into modern numerical mathematics. During this scientific programme at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, we will address fundamental questions in the field of structure preserving discretizations of differential equations on manifolds in space and time. We will bring together two communities that have been pursuing their science along parallel tracks to endeavour breakthroughs in some major scientific applications, which call for advanced numerical simulation techniques. This will lead to the development of a new generation of space-time discretizations for evolutionary equations. During the programme we intend to organise three workshops and two focused study periods lasting two weeks on selected application areas. The core themes of the programme are: Compatible discretizations. Geometric numerical integration. Structure preservation and numerical relativity. Applications to computations in quantum mechanics. Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equationsComputations of differential equations are a fundamental activity in applied mathematics. While historically the main quest was to derive all-purpose algorithms such as finite difference, finite volume and finite element methods for space discretization, Runge–Kutta and linear multistep methods for time integration, in the last 25 years the focus has shifted to special classes of differential equations and purpose-built algorithms that are tailored to preserve special features of each class. This has given rise to the new fields of geometric numerical integration and of structure preserving discretization. In addition to being quantitatively accurate, these novel methods have the advantage of also being qualitatively accurate as they inherit the key structural properties of their continuum counterparts. This has meant a large-scale introduction of geometric and topological thinking into modern numerical mathematics. During this scientific programme at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, we will address fundamental questions in the field of structure preserving discretizations of differential equations on manifolds in space and time. We will bring together two communities that have been pursuing their science along parallel tracks to endeavour breakthroughs in some major scientific applications, which call for advanced numerical simulation techniques. This will lead to the development of a new generation of space-time discretizations for evolutionary equations. During the programme we intend to organise three workshops and two focused study periods lasting two weeks on selected application areas. The core themes of the programme are: Compatible discretizations. Geometric numerical integration. Structure preservation and numerical relativity. Applications to computations in quantum mechanics.Cambridge UniversityK. Kherhttp://sms.cam.ac.uk/collection/3028099 Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equations2019-07-17T14:42:03+01:00INIMS002281no Computational Challenges in Numerical Relativityucs_sms_3028099_3071216http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/3071216 Computational Challenges in Numerical RelativityPretorius, F Monday 30th September 2019 - 16:00 to 17:00Mon, 30 Sep 2019 17:27:46 +0100Isaac Newton InstitutePretorius, Fcd2a54f778099decb614302c2e7a2db2979bc9c3b936f6e90f9f1d3bdc806104de29727e12e3378a157efb5ecea058bc545608e63f66795b0fde8351466994c3Pretorius, F Monday 30th September 2019 - 16:00 to 17:00Pretorius, F Monday 30th September 2019 - 16:00 to 17:00Cambridge University3840http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/3071216 Computational Challenges in Numerical RelativityPretorius, F Monday 30th September 2019 - 16:00 to 17:00I will give a brief overview of the some of the challenges in computational solution of the Einstein field equations.I will then describe the background error subtraction technique, designed to allow for more computationally efficient solution of scenarios where a significant portion of the domain is close to a know, exact solution. To demonstrate, I will discuss application to tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole, and studies of black hole superradiance.2019-09-30T17:27:46+01:0038403071216true16x9falseno Equivariance and structure preservation in numerical methods; some cases and viewpointsucs_sms_3028099_3124317http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/3124317 Equivariance and structure preservation in numerical methods; some cases and viewpointsOwren, B Wednesday 11th December 2019 - 15:05 to 15:50Mon, 16 Dec 2019 16:06:02 +0000Isaac Newton InstituteOwren, Bc564e0df6f840a57617334f3473e4ab5908282ec48dd5793ea9f18cb7867f7c8dc77af6dc36fc473f1ec77e7c6e556366e536cec195204157e95c30f0bf0261fOwren, B Wednesday 11th December 2019 - 15:05 to 15:50Owren, B Wednesday 11th December 2019 - 15:05 to 15:50Cambridge University3178http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/3124317 Equivariance and structure preservation in numerical methods; some cases and viewpointsOwren, B Wednesday 11th December 2019 - 15:05 to 15:50Our point of departure is the situation when there is a group of transformations acting both on our problem space and on the space in which our computations are produced. Equivariance happens when the map from the problem space to the computation space, i.e. our numerical method, commutes with the group action. This is a rather general and vague definition, but we shall make it precise and consider a few concrete examples in the talk. In some cases, the equivariance property is natural, in other cases it is something that we want to impose in the numerical method in order to obtain computational schemes with certain desired structure preserving qualities. Many of the examples we present will be related to the numerical solution of differential equations and we may also present some recent examples from artificial neural networks and discrete integrable systems. This is work in progress and it summarises some of the ideas the speaker has been discussing with other participants this autumn.2019-12-16T16:06:02+00:0031783124317true16x9falseno General Relativity: One Block at a Timeucs_sms_302
[ 253, 954, 1774, 34067, 275, 253, 2644, 33283, 273, 2516, 1128, 255, 1878, 323, 619, 2798, 15, 773, 1394, 2550, 2868, 275, 7670, 604, 368, 634, 5230, 8327, 310, 281, 320, 26108, 407, 643, 952, 1425, 39523, 387, 697, 5161, 310, 253, 45671, 323, 1966, 9612, 15, 1244, 7670, 310, 3981, 326, 604, 15555, 310, 387, 253, 5230, 13, 6009, 476, 457, 85, 320, 387, 253, 5230, 15, 187, 187, 30235, 334, 387, 697, 5161, 310, 26896, 9995, 1255, 275, 253, 2656, 273, 14426, 15, 733, 457, 84, 417, 8877, 407, 253, 878, 281, 17337, 1966, 19916, 15, 733, 310, 8877, 407, 247, 31115, 11010, 326, 2656, 310, 323, 441, 672, 359, 17337, 642, 19916, 387, 512, 15, 773, 1231, 452, 2326, 521, 18735, 13, 18735, 347, 273, 253, 760, 11832, 432, 253, 10956, 13, 2120, 273, 14426, 285, 5083, 15, 964, 964, 964, 1244, 432, 521, 2120, 1255, 359, 452, 512, 2959, 13, 14426, 2220, 14426, 668, 313, 8732, 337, 27, 1047, 13, 1668, 481, 187, 187, 2773, 310, 752, 253, 13189, 273, 7670, 858, 417, 923, 285, 858, 417, 452, 15, 1583, 574, 417, 2568, 644, 5686, 969, 15, 380, 5230, 273, 616, 11010, 369, 253, 19916, 273, 637, 13, 417, 253, 14426, 273, 2656, 15, 2064, 457, 84, 752, 2516, 5486, 275, 23252, 608, 672, 344, 753, 326, 7670, 457, 13189, 858, 417, 2868, 275, 779, 15, 187, 187, 510, 914, 31815, 273, 253, 22211, 1397, 187, 187, 7371, 10316, 441, 1024, 275, 11196, 13, 285, 1077, 13366, 13, 281, 253, 440, 31815, 273, 253, 9556, 24597, 15, 1680, 253, 5230, 273, 616, 440, 31815, 253, 1072, 32, 309, 1158, 352, 310, 15, 6295, 452, 1881, 14, 911, 2711, 318, 387, 253, 5004, 273, 616, 11010, 15, 831, 310, 752, 4245, 731, 13212, 15, 380, 13189, 273, 7670, 23321, 352, 949, 521, 28065, 14, 21107, 15, 380, 9556, 24597, 23321, 352, 949, 1569, 14, 23492, 15, 380, 13189, 1766, 12457, 275, 253, 44776, 273, 616, 4929, 15, 380, 24597, 1766, 12457, 275, 616, 7562, 253, 1569, 273, 2656, 15, 496, 1097, 2219, 13, 253, 5230, 273, 11010, 13, 253, 5230, 273, 8453, 13, 310, 253, 19916, 26214, 1881, 13, 417, 253, 2656, 273, 14426, 15, 187, 187, 7745, 387, 253, 990, 273, 23252, 3495, 27, 773, 15, 964, 964, 403, 368, 11790, 342, 479, 984, 327, 253, 322, 44872, 309, 1160, 247, 637, 457, 84, 2644, 2133, 973, 7721, 6279, 597, 497, 15, 4965, 610, 2217, 281, 971, 779, 3846, 15, 6049, 32, 7670, 4245, 253, 3662, 275, 23252, 655, 27, 773, 15413, 417, 25084, 1677, 368, 253, 1569, 32, 9110, 5293, 273, 368, 11359, 253, 1569, 1425, 187, 187, 510, 330, 4638, 8036, 273, 5405, 14, 9499, 10413, 187, 187, 3726, 1750, 281, 871, 253, 1569, 13, 285, 597, 45577, 7670, 273, 1146, 247, 1569, 14, 49619, 323, 13255, 327, 253, 322, 44872, 15, 1292, 7670, 2296, 13, 773, 11336, 273, 368, 11359, 253, 1569, 1425, 7670, 457, 1495, 285, 3000, 403, 6789, 616, 2644, 4685, 273, 1569, 14, 23492, 715, 1953, 15, 7160, 2644, 4495, 275, 1495, 15, 7160, 1039, 273, 4560, 14924, 285, 10418, 318, 285, 9612, 285, 19916, 15, 733, 369, 512, 1531, 24886, 762, 253, 2801, 273, 14426, 285, 5083, 313, 8732, 337, 27, 1166, 481, 773, 2042, 368, 574, 1929, 752, 436, 2097, 13, 2802, 42, 8327, 23661, 13, 285, 417, 17789, 15933, 368, 651, 417, 452, 26212, 253, 15457, 1417, 668, 313, 42208, 1249, 27, 24, 481, 187, 187, 510, 5230, 273, 616, 440, 31815, 310, 253, 1072, 347, 7670, 457, 13189, 457, 440, 31815, 15, 1198, 253, 13189, 13, 253, 44776, 273, 7670, 476, 755, 731, 1966, 19916, 15, 1198, 253, 24597, 13, 253, 44776, 273, 7670, 29138, 616, 1966, 19916, 15, 36745, 689, 1097, 751, 247, 1270, 17612, 403, 253, 3000, 273, 2516, 608, 27, 2031, 27, 773, 2347, 476, 368, 2868, 13, 672, 368, 4763, 18735, 432, 581, 1529, 285, 513, 417, 7703, 253, 18735, 326, 3249, 432, 253, 760, 2656, 7721, 187, 187, 41, 19493, 36977, 1255, 275, 253, 2656, 273, 18966, 187, 187, 17756, 13, 849, 943, 359, 12518, 323, 9361, 285, 323, 1110, 359, 2389, 32, 844, 943, 12518, 326, 13, 672, 359, 1239, 273, 7670, 275, 253, 443, 2161, 1241, 13, 390, 4089, 670, 779, 13, 326, 359, 651, 320, 2104, 281, 1333, 342, 2516, 432, 253, 2798, 27, 773, 1231, 452, 2326, 521, 18735, 13, 18735, 347, 273, 253, 760, 11832, 432, 253, 10956, 13, 2120, 273, 14426, 285, 5083, 15, 964, 964, 964, 1244, 432, 521, 2120, 1255, 359, 452, 512, 2959, 13, 14426, 2220, 14426, 668, 313, 8732, 337, 27, 1047, 1253, 1036, 481, 187, 187, 8457, 15555, 13, 387, 697, 5161, 13, 310, 253, 18235, 273, 14426, 285, 253, 45671, 323, 1966, 9612, 15, 1244, 6009, 13, 387, 697, 5161, 13, 310, 25813, 272, 273, 1966, 9612, 285, 1146, 9995, 275, 253, 2656, 273, 14426, 15, 187, 187, 8732, 16617, 468, 12626, 8732, 10314, 468, 10, 310, 15217, 285, 9732, 273, 711, 4261, 13618, 15, 2061, 285, 45803, 273, 22169, 282, 3296, 6822, 708, 13740, 2767, 15, 1198, 5922, 1107, 13, 344, 5608, 347, 30654, 273, 22169, 282, 3296, 30021, 6412, 13, 32635, 13, 14748, 15, 754, 310, 2488, 273, 625, 685, 2456, 5098, 15, 187, 187, 18281, 253, 20614, 2, 1422, 403, 11460, 285, 14659, 281, 18302, 285, 16969, 436, 2144, 275, 3520, 830, 13, 275, 697, 25983, 390, 275, 440, 267, 3606, 32491, 84, 13, 347, 1048, 347, 368, 513, 417, 4179, 247, 9801, 15, 1198, 16920, 3909, 13, 4496, 897, 760, 440, 267, 3606, 32491, 84, 313, 1439, 253, 2600, 275, 697, 25983, 10, 285, 2085, 247, 4373, 4492, 281, 436, 3239, 15, 1198, 10556, 13, 4496, 8473, 432, 253, 3236, 2603, 15, 6101, 16022, 281, 253, 1840, 1364, 320, 7012, 407, 3666, 4261, 2656, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 2347, 281, 755, 5113, 281, 8071, 281, 26847, 275, 40825, 375, 19, 37, 32, 187, 187, 47292, 13, 594, 309, 1353, 4983, 281, 3037, 625, 670, 330, 16856, 19, 37, 13, 533, 309, 1353, 26702, 1315, 8976, 456, 15, 50276, 34, 2257, 273, 253, 40727, 309, 452, 1119, 403, 323, 36761, 9508, 273, 253, 2127, 13, 594, 672, 309, 1007, 949, 285, 923, 849, 597, 513, 2176, 1841, 13, 309, 476, 626, 16497, 352, 715, 619, 1211, 2086, 13, 984, 247, 2257, 556, 4391, 15, 50276, 3378, 326, 1146, 753, 13, 309, 717, 2444, 275, 253, 6323, 2715, 273, 330, 16856, 19, 69, 13, 2715, 470, 15, 1525, 15, 187, 1276, 309, 971, 281, 513, 310, 2794, 247, 42994, 327, 253, 3601, 313, 34739, 10, 285, 840, 672, 309, 5181, 326, 42994, 13, 309, 476, 452, 346, 17873, 3, 5108, 15, 50276, 2214, 1024, 13, 1339, 434, 816, 1056, 271, 10028, 564, 745, 15, 50276, 4125, 13, 309, 1694, 436, 2127, 2444, 342, 253, 1361, 273, 247, 3331, 15, 50276, 4943, 310, 253, 10478, 1873, 27, 187, 605, 2091, 368, 1395, 436, 1873, 13, 368, 1395, 512, 253, 9285, 375, 19, 69, 5971, 187, 4, 2948, 346, 39354, 375, 19, 69, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 605, 24387, 14947, 35368, 187, 33, 15049, 24387, 14947, 1163, 39756, 4071, 187, 92, 187, 330, 46121, 653, 17229, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 605, 6548, 247, 45258, 326, 4428, 253, 24387, 14947, 347, 253, 760, 1429, 187, 18958, 301, 10, 6200, 28, 187, 187, 33, 423, 187, 187, 1898, 1060, 310, 253, 7092, 1873, 27, 187, 605, 187, 605, 9285, 375, 19, 69, 24387, 3645, 1650, 187, 605, 3944, 1358, 2700, 15, 39354, 375, 19, 69, 14, 16372, 531, 15, 2061, 187, 605, 187, 187, 605, 16912, 253, 19069, 187, 4, 2948, 346, 12092, 14947, 34925, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 2948, 346, 13510, 2648, 6910, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 605, 24387, 14947, 7092, 187, 33, 39595, 24387, 14947, 187, 187, 18958, 301, 10, 6200, 187, 92, 187, 1380, 686, 32280, 8, 310, 271, 47694, 3621, 1789, 15, 187, 12992, 34925, 475, 32280, 426, 544, 2648, 34925, 4666, 2194, 535, 1380, 686, 12026, 8, 310, 271, 47694, 3621, 1789, 15, 187, 24387, 14947, 475, 12026, 426, 544, 12092, 14947, 4666, 2194, 535, 1380, 823, 3828, 347, 247, 1429, 281, 6200, 187, 544, 32280, 823, 10371, 27, 3828, 2194, 535, 1380, 1091, 253, 6200, 187, 1091, 6200, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 605, 327, 346, 4478, 3, 368, 878, 281, 26641, 634, 4227, 187, 8422, 301, 10, 2012, 187, 92, 187, 1380, 1900, 1067, 346, 12185, 3, 2012, 187, 1380, 8217, 32636, 281, 294, 14, 28704, 346, 1286, 3, 342, 253, 346, 12185, 3, 1091, 1318, 187, 604, 9, 313, 1286, 20879, 12185, 2012, 62, 39705, 551, 535, 50276, 605, 2794, 285, 26641, 247, 24527, 187, 50276, 2648, 11495, 11, 5203, 426, 544, 2648, 11495, 5203, 3378, 2776, 25731, 12092, 3645, 3, 8266, 2402, 25731, 27555, 1457, 8370, 3, 8266, 5496, 27, 1540, 2194, 535, 50276, 605, 1642, 6423, 253, 253, 3497, 1979, 187, 50276, 10206, 5496, 1979, 426, 8605, 2648, 29150, 6096, 29150, 62, 3330, 5496, 2194, 535, 50276, 605, 1899, 253, 5203, 327, 253, 4055, 273, 253, 3601, 187, 50276, 1968, 15, 3321, 426, 50276, 550, 81, 9, 1979, 15, 3429, 1227, 19, 1157, 1979, 15, 7436, 16, 19, 5349, 535, 50276, 605, 823, 253, 5203, 347, 247, 1429, 281, 436, 35368, 187, 50276, 60, 1286, 823, 10371, 27, 5203, 2194, 535, 50276, 2648, 39023, 614, 475, 1033, 426, 544, 2648, 39023, 614, 42994, 3378, 4505, 25731, 2566, 19, 15, 8567, 28571, 535, 50276, 1033, 15, 3321, 426, 260, 7693, 9, 7554, 13, 1518, 558, 187, 50276, 60, 1286, 823, 10371, 27, 1033, 2194, 187, 50276, 9599, 259, 426, 544, 1033, 2600, 5496, 1570, 3429, 28, 187, 50276, 9599, 288, 426, 544, 1033, 2600, 5496, 1570, 7436, 28, 187, 50276, 10206, 8682, 247, 8682, 426, 16944, 8682, 13325, 8850, 1033, 1899, 1570, 89, 428, 313, 88, 16, 19, 582, 544, 1033, 1899, 1570, 90, 428, 313, 73, 16, 19, 4027, 187, 50276, 1033, 17229, 426, 330, 46121, 13325, 9, 66, 8682, 15, 89, 13, 247, 8682, 15, 90, 13, 259, 13, 288, 558, 535, 50276, 2648, 39023, 614, 475, 1033, 3852, 19, 426, 544, 2648, 39023, 614, 42994, 3378, 4505, 25731, 2566, 20, 15, 8567, 28571, 187, 50276, 1033, 3852, 19, 15, 3321, 426, 260, 7693, 9, 2313, 13, 2313, 558, 187, 50276, 60, 1286, 823, 10371, 27, 1033, 3852, 19, 2194, 535, 50276, 605, 60, 1286, 8749, 3378, 29330, 46453, 2194, 187, 50276, 1286, 15, 261, 29330, 19157, 426, 22487, 28, 535, 748, 187, 1091, 1881, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 605, 327, 346, 615, 10835, 3, 368, 878, 281, 3727, 512, 634, 14667, 5113, 187, 14, 313, 4353, 10, 372, 10835, 187, 92, 187, 1380, 275, 1083, 368, 452, 1633, 281, 372, 10835, 13, 513, 352, 275, 436, 1332, 187, 1380, 275, 436, 1798, 1650, 2717, 3198, 281, 320, 4439, 15, 187, 1380, 9285, 375, 19, 69, 588, 8356, 3727, 512, 253, 2151, 313, 11495, 10, 535, 1380, 1053, 626, 7740, 281, 1067, 346, 12185, 372, 10835, 3, 187, 544, 12185, 372, 10835, 2194, 187, 94, 187, 187, 14, 313, 4353, 10, 550, 53, 276, 2706, 7689, 264, 10477, 47, 3528, 292, 9657, 85, 276, 2706, 342, 5949, 10477, 9571, 5949, 9657, 8045, 551, 187, 50276, 41270, 9764, 475, 30713, 426, 544, 85, 276, 2706, 667, 4241, 2194, 187, 50276, 605, 10206, 8682, 4328, 426, 8605, 2648, 29150, 6096, 29150, 62, 6455, 6869, 18293, 21382, 30713, 4328, 688, 3145, 27, 30713, 15, 1374, 44270, 187, 16944, 8682, 4328, 426, 544, 30713, 4328, 688, 3145, 21382, 30713, 1859, 44270, 535, 4328, 426, 8605, 2648, 29150, 6096, 29150, 62, 6455, 1992, 5990, 27, 12428, 2194, 187, 604, 313, 36, 46121, 36693, 8682, 9, 1033, 17229, 13, 4328, 1228, 551, 187, 50276, 9571, 33388, 3145, 475, 26544, 426, 8605, 9571, 33388, 3145, 9771, 62, 187, 50269, 4478, 3378, 13408, 25731, 18220, 3, 187, 50269, 8559, 25731, 19462, 3, 187, 50269, 43663, 27, 18789, 14002, 8880, 13408, 25731, 536, 333, 3, 187, 50269, 977, 8880, 53, 262, 868, 27, 18789, 2194, 535, 50276, 60, 26544, 921, 2194, 187, 50276, 60, 26544, 3727, 2194, 187, 50276, 4883, 6800, 38217, 53, 2185, 2775, 1410, 3287, 187, 748, 187, 6640, 6800, 38217, 29330, 1694, 3287, 187, 187, 94, 187, 187, 6436, 13, 436, 760, 2987, 323, 337, 1789, 13, 253, 42994 ]	the most important verses in the whole Gospel of John—at least for my heart. “You cannot believe in Jesus if you your root desire is to be praised by other people.” Pride at its core is the craving for human approval. And Jesus is saying that if pride is at the root, faith can’t be at the root. Faith at its core is humble gladness in the God of grace. It’s not driven by the need to deserve human praise. It is driven by a thankful joy that God is for us when we deserve no praise at all. “We have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth. . . . And from his fullness we have all received, grace upon grace” (John 1:14, 16). That is what the brothers of Jesus did not see and did not have. They had not yet been born again. The root of their joy was the praise of man, not the grace of God. That’s what John meant in verse 5 when he said that Jesus’ brothers did not believe in him. The Unbelief of the Crowds Which brings us now in closing, and very briefly, to the unbelief of the Jewish crowds. Is the root of their unbelief the same? I think it is. Both have self-exaltation at the bottom of their joy. This is what gives them satisfaction. The brothers of Jesus pursued it through his miracle-working. The Jewish crowds pursued it through law-keeping. The brothers boasted in the miracles of their brother. The crowds boasted in their keeping the law of God. In both cases, the root of joy, the root of significance, is the praiseworthy self, not the God of grace. Look at the end of verse 23: “. . . are you angry with me because on the Sabbath I made a man’s whole body well?” Yes they were. Angry enough to want him dead. Why? Jesus gives the answer in verse 19: “Has not Moses given you the law? Yet none of you keeps the law.” The Crumbling of Law-Keeping They claim to know the law, and they accuse Jesus of being a law-breaker for healing on the Sabbath. But Jesus says, “None of you keeps the law.” Jesus’ life and words are calling their whole understanding of law-keeping into question. Their whole meaning in life. Their way of finding acceptance and affirmation and approval and praise. It was all crumbling under the weight of grace and truth (John 1:17). “If you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless” (Matthew 12:7). The root of their unbelief is the same as Jesus’ brothers’ unbelief. For the brothers, the miracles of Jesus can get them human praise. For the crowds, the miracles of Jesus threaten their human praise. Written over both like a great indictment are the words of John 5:44: “How can you believe, when you receive glory from one another and do not seek the glory that comes from the only God?” Humble Gladness in the God of Grace Therefore, how should we pray for ourselves and for those we love? We should pray that, when we read of Jesus in the Gospels, or hear about him, that we would be able to say with John from the heart: “We have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth. . . . And from his fullness we have all received, grace upon grace” (John 1:14–16). Because pride, at its core, is the rejection of grace and the craving for human approval. And faith, at its core, is despairing of human approval and being glad in the God of grace. John Piper (@JohnPiper) is founder and teacher of desiringGod.org and chancellor of Bethlehem College & Seminary. For 33 years, he served as pastor of Bethlehem Baptist Church, Minneapolis, Minnesota. He is author of more than 50 books. Share the Joy! You are permitted and encouraged to reproduce and distribute this material in physical form, in its entirety or in unaltered excerpts, as long as you do not charge a fee. For posting online, please use only unaltered excerpts (not the content in its entirety) and provide a hyperlink to this page. For videos, please embed from the original source. Any exceptions to the above must be approved by Desiring God.Q: How to get objects to react to touches in Cocos2D? Alright, so I'm starting to learn more about Coco2D, but I'm kinda frusterated. A lot of the tutorials I have found are for outdated versions of the code, so when I look through and see how they do certain things, I can't translate it into my own program, because a lot has changed. With that being said, I am working in the latest version of Coco2d, version 0.99. What I want to do is create a sprite on the screen (Done) and then when I touch that sprite, I can have "something" happen. For now, let's just make an alert go off. Now, I got this code working with the help of a friend. Here is the header file: // When you import this file, you import all the cocos2d classes #import "cocos2d.h" // HelloWorld Layer @interface HelloWorld : CCLayer { CGRect spRect; } // returns a Scene that contains the HelloWorld as the only child +(id) scene; @end And here is the implementation file: // // cocos2d Hello World example // http://www.cocos2d-iphone.org // // Import the interfaces #import "HelloWorldScene.h" #import "CustomCCNode.h" // HelloWorld implementation @implementation HelloWorld +(id) scene { // 'scene' is an autorelease object. CCScene scene = [CCScene node]; // 'layer' is an autorelease object. HelloWorld layer = [HelloWorld node]; // add layer as a child to scene [scene addChild: layer]; // return the scene return scene; } // on "init" you need to initialize your instance -(id) init { // always call "super" init // Apple recommends to re-assign "self" with the "super" return value if( (self=[super init] )) { // create and initialize a Label CCLabel* label = [CCLabel labelWithString:@"Hello World" fontName:@"Times New Roman" fontSize:64]; // ask director the the window size CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; // position the label on the center of the screen label.position = ccp( size.width /2 , size.height/2 ); // add the label as a child to this Layer [self addChild: label]; CCSprite sp = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"test2.png"]; sp.position = ccp(300,200); [self addChild:sp]; float w = [sp contentSize].width; float h = [sp contentSize].height; CGPoint aPoint = CGPointMake([sp position].x - (w/2), [sp position].y - (h/2)); spRect = CGRectMake(aPoint.x, aPoint.y, w, h); CCSprite sprite2 = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"test3.png"]; sprite2.position = ccp(100,100); [self addChild:sprite2]; //[self registerWithTouchDispatcher]; self.isTouchEnabled = YES; } return self; } // on "dealloc" you need to release all your retained objects - (void) dealloc { // in case you have something to dealloc, do it in this method // in this particular example nothing needs to be released. // cocos2d will automatically release all the children (Label) // don't forget to call "super dealloc" [super dealloc]; } - (void)ccTouchesEnded:(NSSet )touches withEvent:(UIEvent )event { UITouch touch = [touches anyObject]; //CGPoint location = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertCoordinate:[touch locationInView:touch.view]]; CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:[touch view]]; location = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:location]; if (CGRectContainsPoint(spRect, location)) { UIAlertView alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Win" message:@"testing" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"okay" otherButtonTitles:nil]; [alert show]; [alert release]; NSLog(@"TOUCHES"); } NSLog(@"Touch got"); } However, this only works for 1 object, the sprite
[ 13, 309, 9428, 15, 6089, 13, 309, 1833, 320, 37032, 327, 840, 15, 1893, 1048, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 1394, 497, 3981, 670, 326, 806, 673, 368, 1313, 779, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 18412, 309, 32, 5531, 973, 13, 4754, 2464, 754, 12918, 969, 15, 686, 42, 1599, 368, 4571, 626, 2868, 795, 38185, 4414, 2752, 806, 1388, 27, 42735, 466, 7306, 357, 1257, 2335, 479, 1066, 627, 15, 844, 2218, 253, 16334, 407, 840, 15, 346, 4943, 937, 2296, 42735, 466, 13, 346, 6309, 581, 625, 2245, 273, 1067, 937, 285, 3936, 479, 30854, 281, 923, 24944, 15, 346, 1552, 310, 44261, 937, 344, 2296, 15, 346, 6300, 7416, 441, 275, 43968, 3398, 449, 1893, 840, 24944, 9727, 275, 2464, 44261, 2206, 1066, 327, 253, 1863, 35209, 6951, 12200, 253, 3369, 285, 18274, 896, 751, 253, 6793, 9165, 344, 1048, 264, 281, 320, 15, 686, 346, 9030, 515, 273, 256, 16210, 937, 344, 2296, 15, 844, 1472, 6326, 281, 320, 6079, 1060, 13, 533, 326, 1620, 28860, 24944, 28, 417, 326, 344, 27215, 2994, 13, 2564, 15, 346, 1231, 1364, 17019, 253, 747, 13024, 15, 1422, 1053, 626, 795, 4093, 64, 407, 667, 4839, 13, 513, 368, 13, 44261, 865, 346, 11564, 275, 253, 8158, 937, 309, 2296, 285, 359, 512, 452, 247, 5322, 9012, 15, 4568, 579, 2996, 323, 253, 40656, 13, 923, 27, 326, 1900, 17847, 731, 15, 15997, 268, 784, 21205, 13, 2305, 14089, 272, 13, 309, 1869, 15, 3105, 2716, 15, 346, 11778, 247, 43186, 13, 44261, 865, 1621, 6701, 15, 346, 34, 269, 356, 840, 865, 5037, 626, 2564, 604, 309, 513, 13, 2305, 14089, 272, 15, 1893, 840, 359, 1790, 627, 751, 247, 2257, 273, 277, 2824, 13, 4927, 2784, 776, 256, 16210, 13, 285, 309, 1353, 4680, 13, 346, 4497, 13, 309, 1364, 1333, 368, 1472, 3240, 253, 1652, 6963, 1475, 1060, 449, 45506, 10233, 13, 8115, 13, 23656, 964, 964, 964, 512, 253, 1140, 44977, 15, 10852, 743, 1063, 16481, 247, 2257, 273, 352, 562, 13, 2564, 13, 1078, 344, 1669, 15, 13104, 264, 13, 2716, 273, 352, 369, 15, 795, 45, 3669, 456, 64, 1157, 368, 871, 15, 6975, 275, 253, 1711, 29314, 318, 1897, 15, 346, 2598, 849, 403, 1841, 275, 4693, 13, 44261, 865, 344, 12325, 15, 346, 22242, 1199, 253, 1072, 309, 9428, 865, 9272, 1076, 479, 387, 619, 11990, 13, 19723, 90, 9359, 15, 346, 2773, 1711, 4474, 350, 387, 253, 2022, 3369, 27, 1335, 32219, 951, 342, 253, 13975, 15889, 49706, 13, 310, 344, 13, 44261, 865, 754, 1663, 2210, 352, 15, 346, 1898, 253, 10089, 19333, 27, 1335, 15632, 253, 10089, 19333, 1046, 4131, 13, 403, 597, 13, 44261, 865, 346, 4497, 937, 309, 2296, 13, 346, 9328, 1472, 417, 2509, 1512, 3076, 13, 533, 352, 434, 751, 3253, 2010, 13, 352, 3936, 697, 673, 449, 3808, 23550, 751, 326, 15, 346, 4013, 13, 21799, 13, 1663, 937, 344, 2296, 13, 346, 12157, 309, 574, 247, 4857, 432, 444, 10320, 8178, 615, 1257, 250, 760, 247, 1643, 2607, 896, 7746, 479, 597, 497, 8133, 275, 253, 4275, 12220, 15, 1244, 326, 1711, 787, 3136, 665, 908, 281, 12518, 327, 253, 5018, 273, 11057, 13728, 13, 1335, 627, 310, 344, 13, 44261, 13, 4131, 285, 2360, 13, 3981, 521, 24861, 32, 44205, 626, 1646, 281, 452, 2218, 441, 1199, 1175, 13, 1057, 344, 865, 309, 2028, 368, 27, 309, 369, 18236, 6789, 779, 8674, 15, 444, 10320, 8178, 615, 1257, 250, 369, 12318, 273, 6359, 4487, 407, 840, 13, 512, 873, 281, 320, 2656, 15, 1893, 840, 344, 3249, 327, 670, 253, 40656, 969, 285, 253, 13986, 1342, 285, 247, 1643, 643, 1841, 16280, 13, 2712, 344, 476, 513, 281, 1361, 13, 285, 672, 359, 755, 3345, 309, 1007, 387, 42735, 466, 7306, 357, 1257, 285, 42735, 466, 434, 795, 81, 739, 272, 64, 2994, 15, 33115, 11046, 598, 13, 42735, 466, 310, 15, 346, 4015, 80, 865, 344, 2296, 15, 346, 4015, 80, 32, 754, 434, 1620, 644, 3304, 253, 15839, 7454, 275, 521, 1495, 15, 754, 11210, 626, 1014, 644, 896, 281, 5854, 1580, 14327, 14, 12071, 449, 686, 44261, 9377, 745, 13, 18577, 521, 1481, 15, 686, 16812, 4117, 344, 6015, 13, 342, 271, 21909, 366, 9012, 13, 686, 5658, 476, 626, 13387, 779, 13, 476, 368, 5554, 754, 1694, 598, 15, 686, 1898, 309, 1599, 13, 359, 512, 3047, 949, 779, 13, 533, 359, 1335, 6497, 323, 352, 13, 1904, 626, 359, 32, 309, 1599, 15948, 285, 964, 964, 964, 309, 1599, 11648, 15, 733, 434, 751, 619, 44760, 4117, 344, 2879, 3365, 13, 686, 42, 871, 309, 1833, 1620, 755, 627, 13, 533, 309, 2868, 275, 352, 512, 253, 1072, 15, 309, 1599, 368, 452, 281, 1663, 964, 964, 964, 368, 4571, 626, 3153, 13, 417, 1293, 2853, 16723, 15, 3105, 1060, 2464, 187, 187, 33748, 521, 3564, 562, 273, 521, 278, 471, 565, 6934, 21371, 13, 20757, 15014, 806, 387, 44261, 285, 840, 387, 253, 5654, 33107, 2234, 275, 521, 1943, 19992, 13, 285, 344, 4455, 281, 320, 15070, 285, 440, 31572, 15, 187, 187, 8, 1276, 434, 42735, 466, 7306, 357, 1257, 434, 1180, 5554, 187, 187, 36, 1064, 9047, 342, 49861, 347, 344, 14287, 253, 11452, 13, 11901, 1070, 285, 3407, 5015, 15, 187, 187, 8, 3726, 1053, 626, 795, 23824, 64, 368, 281, 564, 327, 2819, 323, 779, 4117, 44261, 753, 16515, 8140, 15, 686, 42, 1053, 626, 1663, 1158, 597, 513, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 42, 1353, 417, 19867, 973, 2819, 323, 779, 13, 309, 1353, 1907, 11157, 342, 7306, 357, 1257, 285, 309, 1353, 23862, 253, 7237, 8630, 285, 2717, 327, 2656, 434, 6149, 651, 1978, 479, 275, 436, 7156, 3817, 323, 271, 4964, 3356, 685, 309, 878, 2464, 754, 31800, 1066, 253, 11452, 285, 33587, 264, 562, 273, 253, 2316, 15, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 3848, 418, 26707, 434, 3369, 369, 4618, 1527, 533, 521, 8597, 369, 6325, 15, 754, 4159, 247, 3877, 27, 686, 7865, 264, 275, 281, 1333, 33969, 15, 7088, 17034, 15, 17560, 20757, 4117, 285, 521, 1133, 369, 18577, 342, 12700, 285, 45244, 15, 496, 253, 16612, 13, 1355, 2390, 497, 618, 328, 22993, 715, 253, 23993, 281, 6008, 616, 37105, 390, 11157, 275, 253, 260, 7961, 257, 15, 380, 34358, 434, 21508, 84, 14, 35906, 336, 6225, 387, 253, 3369, 28, 253, 33352, 273, 3513, 562, 83, 5852, 13308, 46606, 15, 12146, 2084, 369, 24476, 272, 281, 31662, 319, 265, 387, 253, 2914, 8597, 285, 344, 6497, 8423, 7107, 347, 20757, 13781, 15, 187, 187, 8, 4943, 4117, 344, 753, 13, 35865, 779, 253, 17329, 15, 686, 4943, 434, 634, 13571, 2464, 3032, 2048, 753, 13, 686, 4125, 564, 896, 281, 835, 368, 5663, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 31777, 672, 368, 403, 13, 1711, 3347, 4117, 7306, 357, 1257, 18017, 432, 521, 41633, 12097, 273, 13862, 15, 686, 1394, 923, 2464, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 510, 3343, 398, 497, 7107, 285, 3768, 2920, 45696, 15, 7306, 357, 1257, 574, 2546, 323, 3802, 5351, 534, 344, 753, 497, 1077, 1175, 15, 380, 29318, 3379, 275, 616, 1652, 38055, 710, 2692, 703, 20640, 1397, 18792, 342, 295, 6011, 84, 13, 285, 627, 369, 816, 247, 14876, 273, 8214, 6868, 15, 187, 187, 8, 1394, 497, 342, 779, 326, 2360, 275, 330, 862, 570, 15, 380, 2360, 344, 1694, 715, 253, 3819, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 31087, 13339, 4117, 753, 7306, 357, 1257, 15, 686, 22582, 15, 3166, 368, 751, 1824, 5554, 344, 2546, 13, 285, 2879, 247, 1652, 281, 1016, 273, 616, 17543, 13, 533, 352, 369, 642, 625, 685, 247, 16024, 17914, 323, 253, 31864, 15, 686, 5498, 626, 871, 752, 2210, 689, 779, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 8917, 368, 2223, 564, 562, 342, 779, 5554, 187, 187, 1328, 30443, 22727, 2920, 285, 597, 27215, 15, 187, 187, 8, 2773, 369, 2620, 1107, 3622, 13, 368, 923, 15, 6393, 434, 3101, 369, 2853, 28, 4934, 327, 892, 462, 3390, 896, 281, 5854, 15, 309, 369, 247, 10583, 5261, 1017, 13, 594, 281, 3984, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 2598, 368, 1871, 7450, 745, 342, 24944, 13949, 28, 452, 247, 5484, 285, 24577, 247, 1643, 35614, 38718, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 7673, 390, 1679, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 688, 330, 862, 570, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 6812, 5102, 13, 1711, 5006, 4117, 753, 7306, 357, 1257, 15, 686, 1394, 1472, 751, 247, 19867, 11115, 2464, 754, 27215, 969, 285, 347, 253, 5484, 2427, 715, 779, 344, 11898, 751, 247, 4105, 43778, 37986, 3563, 15, 686, 13238, 4117, 344, 753, 15, 686, 1276, 247, 1388, 15, 2828, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 39090, 15202, 403, 1682, 275, 330, 862, 570, 13, 403, 597, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 1394, 476, 626, 513, 352, 795, 1568, 64, 1157, 1711, 5006, 4117, 7306, 357, 1257, 753, 342, 247, 11219, 1265, 15, 686, 3650, 5734, 368, 971, 281, 11598, 2716, 253, 7295, 15, 1422, 1849, 1694, 281, 320, 795, 25304, 90, 64, 10182, 275, 11228, 79, 2464, 754, 2879, 878, 13102, 13, 686, 795, 30456, 90, 64, 10182, 2464, 754, 47362, 521, 1481, 275, 4956, 16883, 15, 686, 36, 862, 570, 434, 253, 1805, 701, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 36011, 6838, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 5804, 626, 1056, 352, 13, 1711, 5006, 15, 3105, 323, 1107, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 1989, 24944, 2427, 323, 731, 13, 858, 344, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 1328, 10490, 253, 6838, 4117, 753, 7306, 357, 1257, 15, 187, 187, 8, 2598, 368, 2427, 281, 330, 862, 570, 326, 2360, 15, 5402, 4475, 369, 275, 5854, 13, 285, 368, 2427, 327, 253, 1218, 12610, 342, 24944, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 1231, 497, 816, 7063, 387, 247, 2829, 15, 3196, 10274, 13, 368, 923, 2464, 754, 18960, 253, 21850, 281, 253, 3159, 15, 686, 4015, 80, 369, 5015, 670, 253, 8663, 27, 4456, 1711, 594, 14, 395, 14, 601, 15, 2064, 2165, 15, 418, 3149, 253, 8663, 13, 24944, 858, 13, 7636, 352, 15, 14482, 452, 11791, 275, 13, 326, 434, 619, 5471, 15, 3105, 326, 597, 1871, 452, 574, 779, 13, 417, 347, 247, 3963, 15, 754, 3058, 253, 17518, 13, 275, 619, 4743, 15, 15520, 27545, 1663, 15, 6975, 479, 15, 733, 434, 512, 987, 672, 368, 1472, 2872, 13, 368, 1053, 626, 2564, 15, 733, 434, 1996, 15, 1583, 19336, 7085, 562, 273, 479, 387, 10648, 17861, 15, 17358, 15, 26713, 281, 2186, 253, 50156, 13, 1481, 275, 253, 31567, 13, 1223, 253, 19867, 638, 738, 84, 4352, 479, 15, 309, 1904, 626, 1557, 840, 15, 29084, 352, 369, 1495, 2464, 754, 1691, 247, 1133, 327, 20757, 434, 4430, 15, 686, 20598, 5006, 4117, 344, 18017, 15, 686, 42, 795, 73, 366, 64, 731, 1024, 15, 40713, 626, 871, 309, 574, 352, 275, 479, 15, 733, 434, 512, 1705, 281, 253, 2553, 15, 1198, 767, 23854, 309, 1871, 564, 896, 627, 285, 5310, 253, 7505, 7276, 15, 23921, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 8917, 368, 871, 779, 275, 253, 8663, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 2302, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 5872, 665, 497, 368, 29055, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 42, 6337, 2439, 779, 275, 253, 330, 10206, 247, 2372, 15, 6956, 2083, 864, 3129, 324, 16836, 15, 7874, 5901, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 3039, 344, 369, 327, 27120, 5554, 187, 187, 14201, 357, 1257, 434, 4884, 281, 21199, 369, 440, 79, 26368, 15, 6975, 521, 4454, 640, 344, 4455, 275, 690, 19796, 1039, 281, 3812, 253, 47964, 273, 521, 3361, 762, 247, 12107, 8135, 13, 285, 281, 7027, 16864, 1919, 253, 5434, 574, 4817, 15, 399, 25826, 521, 1481, 715, 521, 5253, 344, 4934, 352, 627, 13, 13574, 8154, 2147, 13, 1223, 344, 43517, 387, 20757, 342, 14863, 13, 21613, 264, 2927, 15, 187, 187, 8, 2598, 368, 497, 10678, 285, 5015, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 6300, 16092, 15, 21050, 272, 323, 253, 7674, 9668, 15, 309, 751, 247, 1175, 7674, 9668, 2464, 754, 39147, 1977, 715, 247, 21105, 14331, 2395, 273, 271, 3177, 344, 574, 1160, 2220, 247, 3226, 275, 42471, 327, 253, 8120, 273, 253, 1390, 7648, 10823, 8, 12651, 27, 686, 39, 6358, 1940, 4117, 344, 8884, 35731, 15, 686, 2019, 6785, 272, 689, 479, 751, 247, 19867, 28005, 285, 309, 4571, 626, 513, 247, 2181, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 2598, 253, 3819, 2210, 846, 253, 7674, 9668, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 8639 ]	, I suppose. Well, I'll be slipping on then. So long.' 'You were saying about that first time you met him.' 'Was I? Oh well, yes.' He laughed again. 'I mean you couldn't believe _anything_. My first day: Mickie Crabbe took me down there. We done the rounds by then. "Here," says Mickie, "just one more port of call," and takes me downstairs to see Leo. "This is Cork," he says. "Just joined us in Cyphers." So then Leo moves in.' Cork sat down on the swivel chair beside the door and leaned back like the rich executive he longed to be. ' "Glass of sherry," he says. We're supposed to be dry here, but that never bothered Leo; not that he drank himself, mind. "We must celebrate the new arrival. You don't _sing_ by any chance, do you, Cork?" "Only in the bath," I says and we all have a nice laugh. Recruiting for the choir, see: that always impressed them. Very pious gentleman, Mr Harting, I thought. Not half. "Have a cigar, Cork?" No thanks. "A fag then?" Don't mind if I do, Mr Harting. So then we sit there like a lot of dips, sipping our sherry, and I'm thinking, "Well, I must say you're quite the little king around here." Furniture, maps, carpet . . . all the trappings. Fred Anger cleared a lot of it out, mind, before he left. Nicked, half of it was. _Liberated_ , you know. Like in the old Occupation days. "So how are things in London, Cork?" he asks. "Everything much the same I suppose?" Putting me at my ease, cheeky sod. "That old porter at the main door: still saucy with the visiting Ambassadors, is he, Cork?" He really came it. "And the coal fires: still lighting the coal fires every morning, are they, Cork?" "Well," I says, "they're not doing too bad, but it's like everything else, it takes its time." Some crap like that. "Oh, ah, really," he says, "because I had a letter from Ewan Waldebere only a few months back telling me they were putting in the central heating. And that old bloke who used to pray on the steps of Number Ten, still there is he, Cork, morning and night, saying his prayers? Doesn't seem to have done us much good, does he?" I tell you: I was practically calling him sir. Ewan Waldebere was Head of Western Department by then, all set to be God. So then he comes on about the choir again and the Dutchman and a few other things besides, anything he can do to help, and when we get outside I look at Mickie Crabbe and Mickie's _pissing_ himself. Doubled up, Mickie is. "Leo?" he says. "Leo? He's never been inside the Foreign Office in his life. He hasn't even been back to England since forty-five." ' Cork broke off, shaking his head. 'Still,' he repeated, with an affectionate laugh, 'you can't blame him, can you?' He got up. 'And I mean, we all saw through him, but we still fell for it, didn't we? I mean Arthur and . . . I mean everybody. It's like my villa,' he added simply, 'I know I'll never get there, but I believe in it all the same. I mean you have to really . . . you couldn't live, not without illusions. Not here.' Taking his hands out of his mackintosh pockets, Turner stared first at Cork and then at the gunmetal key in his big palm, and he seemed to be torn and undecided. 'What's Mickie Crabbe's number?' Cork watched with apprehension as he lifted the receiver, dialled and began talking. 'They don't _expect_ you to go on looking for him,' Cork said anxiously. 'I don't really think they do.' 'I'm not bloody well looking for him, I'm having lunch with Crabbe and I'm catching the evening flight and nothing on God's earth would keep me in this dream box for an hour longer than I need.' He slammed down the receiver and stalked out of the room. * * * De Lisle's door was wide open but his desk was empty. He wrote a note: 'Called in to say goodbye. Goodbye. Alan Turner,' and his hand was shaking with anger and humiliation. In the lobby, small groups were sauntering into the sunlight to eat their sandwiches or lunch in the canteen. The Ambassador's Rolls-Royce stood at the door; the escort of police outriders waited patiently. Gaunt was whispering to Meadowes at the front desk and he fell suddenly quiet as Turner approached. 'Here,' he said, handing him the envelope. 'Here's your ticket.' His expression said, 'Now go back to where you belong.' 'Ready when you are, old son,' Crabbe whispered from his habitual patch of darkness. 'You see.' * * * The waiters were quiet and awfully discreet. Crabbe had asked for snails which he said were very good. The framed print in their little alcove showed shepherds dancing with nymphs, and there was just a suggestion of expensive sin. 'You were with him that night in Cologne. The night he got into the fight.' 'Extraordinary,' said Crabbe. 'Really. Do you like water?' he asked, and added a little to each of their glasses, but it was no more than a tear shed for the sober. 'Don't know what came over him.' 'Did you often go out with him?' He grinned unsuccessfully and they drank. 'That was five years ago, you see. Mary's mother was ill; kept on flogging back to England. I was a grass widower, so to speak.' 'So you'd push off with Leo occasionally; have a drink and chase a few pussycats.' 'More or less.' 'In Cologne?' 'Steady, old boy,' said Crabbe. 'You're like a bloody lawyer.' He drank again and as the drink went into him he shook like a poor comedian reacting late. 'Christ,' he said. 'What a day. Christ.' 'Night clubs are best in Cologne, are they?' 'You can't do it _here_ , old boy,' Crabbe said with a nervous start. 'Not unless you want to screw half the Government. You've got to be _bloody_ careful in Bonn.' He added needlessly, ' _Bloody_ careful.' He jerked his head in wild confirmation. 'Cologne's the better bet.' 'Better girls?' 'Can't make it, old boy. Not for years.' 'But Leo went for them, did he?' 'He liked the girls,' said Crabbe. 'So you went to Cologne that night. Your wife was in England, and you went on the razzle with Leo.' 'We were just sitting at a table. Drinking, you see.' He suited the gesture to the word. 'Leo was talking about the Army: remember old so-and-so. That game. Loved the Army, Leo did, loved it. Should have stayed in, that's my feeling. Not that they'd have had him, not as a regular. He needed the discipline, in my opinion. Urchin really. Like me. It's all right when you're young, you don't mind. It's later. They knocked hell out of me at Sherborne. Hell. Used to hold the taps, head in the basin, while the bloody prefects hit me. I didn't care then. Thought it was life.' He put a hand on Turner's arm. 'Old boy,' he whispered. 'I _hate_ them now. Didn't know I had it in me. It's all come to the surface. For two pins I'd go back there and shoot the buggers. Truth.' 'Did you know him in the Army?' 'No.' 'Then who were you remembering?' 'I ran across him in the CCG a bit. Moenchengladbach. Four Group.' 'When he was on Claims?' Crabbe's reaction to harassment was unnerving. Like his namesake he seemed in some mysterious way to draw the extremities of his presence under a protective shell, and to lie passive until the danger had passed. Ducking his head into his glass he kept it there, shoulders hunched, while he peered at Turner with pink, hooded eyes. 'So you were drinking and talking.' 'Just quietly. Waiting for the cabaret. I like a good cabaret.' He drifted away into a wholly incredible account of an attempt he had made upon a girl in Frankfurt on the occasion of the last Free Democrats' Conference: 'Fiasco,' he declared proudly. 'Climbing over me like a bloody monkey and I couldn't do a thing.' 'So the fight came after the cabaret?' 'Before

[ 3035, 358, 447, 8, 39503, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 11140, 15, 187, 187, 15, 8742, 843, 455, 265, 14822, 1045, 6860, 80, 372, 347, 265, 249, 4611, 3352, 257, 372, 28453, 309, 44147, 6897, 82, 69, 13, 7539, 510, 3973, 42478, 281, 2903, 515, 4024, 10269, 40858, 12349, 42478, 264, 407, 247, 9271, 8202, 8452, 12349, 6572, 967, 275, 28746, 26147, 795, 2422, 14, 33972, 255, 64, 1157, 1283, 372, 642, 6584, 358, 3381, 372, 6585, 28, 299, 309, 44147, 47420, 1780, 5168, 13, 7539, 2422, 14, 30658, 266, 26755, 253, 25792, 253, 12318, 273, 355, 14, 46918, 2101, 290, 275, 27325, 26147, 795, 2422, 14, 30658, 266, 64, 1157, 2030, 372, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 6585, 28, 7539, 48, 859, 2902, 10269, 14, 45, 36877, 27, 16492, 8452, 14309, 275, 3060, 6272, 611, 2320, 19384, 26147, 795, 37070, 355, 14, 58, 1312, 71, 64, 1157, 4772, 898, 372, 37266, 9623, 3381, 372, 8441, 28, 355, 14, 41, 3681, 11282, 13, 7539, 510, 25081, 16061, 273, 355, 14, 50, 66, 8, 4355, 26147, 17532, 495, 13, 3127, 372, 2304, 8636, 372, 5826, 28, 340, 372, 4358, 13326, 87, 25448, 345, 1680, 312, 355, 14, 23992, 18754, 13, 322, 11282, 82, 355, 14, 30507, 5168, 13, 30815, 357, 26171, 473, 961, 340, 500, 3256, 714, 316, 2375, 15, 19988, 284, 15260, 36836, 256, 493, 40594, 1753, 546, 1524, 10045, 14713, 80, 9500, 12556, 13490, 284, 372, 347, 265, 19854, 247, 28494, 40858, 13, 340, 40682, 284, 6706, 343, 1342, 1753, 345, 14088, 440, 284, 3300, 24288, 372, 44838, 14265, 13, 20056, 1578, 284, 4151, 20381, 3352, 257, 1448, 4198, 900, 28494, 40858, 13, 1753, 1908, 66, 1045, 16816, 3326, 80, 247, 826, 479, 91, 371, 5741, 826, 295, 13807, 13235, 8733, 440, 6860, 80, 372, 1111, 274, 282, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 267, 38139, 15, 1219, 12528, 375, 372, 3897, 843, 455, 265, 14822, 1045, 22082, 80, 372, 28494, 40858, 13, 49445, 13, 3352, 257, 372, 355, 14, 41, 3681, 11282, 13, 7539, 510, 25081, 16061, 273, 355, 14, 50, 66, 8, 4355, 26147, 17532, 495, 13, 3127, 372, 2304, 8636, 372, 5826, 15, 187, 187, 15, 7539, 48, 859, 2902, 10269, 14, 45, 36877, 27, 16492, 8452, 14309, 275, 3060, 6272, 611, 2320, 19384, 26147, 795, 37070, 355, 14, 58, 1312, 71, 64, 1157, 4772, 898, 372, 37266, 9623, 3381, 372, 8441, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 187, 187, 15, 17025, 13, 7539, 510, 3083, 33341, 10269, 40858, 25235, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 1225, 462, 7311, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 6277, 13675, 10207, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 5940, 15260, 13589, 402, 69, 6597, 66, 271, 3876, 8032, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 267, 38139, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 35194, 15350, 487, 15, 187, 187, 15, 7539, 26366, 504, 70, 9752, 2902, 355, 14, 34, 82, 6678, 34445, 76, 7110, 4595, 6234, 544, 24711, 13229, 250, 30074, 1954, 826, 479, 91, 371, 5741, 372, 355, 14, 34, 82, 6678, 13, 345, 268, 860, 5784, 21400, 1092, 795, 2422, 14, 54, 13632, 355, 14, 34330, 14059, 5973, 64, 1157, 4772, 1283, 372, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 10226, 15, 187, 187, 15, 10213, 3044, 3594, 590, 13, 7539, 510, 6258, 2091, 14183, 2902, 10269, 40858, 29236, 323, 1284, 20401, 1108, 275, 9643, 26147, 795, 27555, 64, 1157, 4772, 3285, 372, 22688, 9623, 3381, 372, 5826, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 440, 2245, 580, 6002, 372, 826, 1431, 21829, 28494, 40858, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 267, 38139, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 30815, 357, 26171, 473, 961, 15, 187, 187, 15, 19046, 844, 9141, 13, 7539, 1672, 14, 34, 504, 308, 7042, 273, 40185, 281, 26464, 10269, 40858, 26147, 795, 4257, 2816, 7717, 64, 1157, 3127, 372, 704, 3381, 287, 372, 6585, 15, 187, 187, 15, 17403, 274, 7860, 372, 27117, 267, 355, 14, 39, 324, 77, 13, 795, 54, 15, 52, 15, 362, 15, 8802, 2902, 10269, 40858, 13, 1162, 355, 3333, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 28453, 9497, 333, 11086, 478, 301, 15, 187, 187, 15, 17403, 274, 7860, 372, 418, 8, 41, 46025, 6529, 611, 379, 12914, 276, 13, 795, 54, 15, 52, 15, 362, 15, 8802, 2902, 10269, 40858, 13, 1162, 355, 3333, 187, 187, 15, 17403, 274, 7860, 372, 27117, 267, 355, 14, 39, 324, 77, 13, 795, 54, 15, 52, 15, 362, 15, 8802, 2902, 10269, 40858, 13, 1162, 355, 3333, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 15878, 16216, 25252, 1524, 265, 36069, 251, 27, 818, 2222, 15, 1518, 13, 2537, 277, 1954, 4123, 373, 1448, 8246, 66, 372, 8694, 29978, 372, 6004, 46071, 340, 21982, 15, 27706, 13, 19, 277, 1954, 4123, 373, 1448, 12578, 15, 444, 601, 642, 12186, 86, 6683, 1045, 13223, 2771, 1753, 458, 7360, 40980, 4776, 254, 277, 3377, 247, 401, 324, 77, 826, 17879, 13, 1753, 26510, 826, 2248, 3525, 546, 734, 287, 5209, 282, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 5332, 1639, 3508, 266, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 187, 187, 15, 329, 1851, 4611, 13, 795, 54, 15, 52, 15, 362, 15, 14355, 15493, 3163, 3333, 187, 187, 15, 14026, 249, 355, 14, 35, 1279, 266, 13, 7539, 510, 8937, 383, 8365, 13376, 12636, 661, 281, 686, 2422, 14, 2809, 274, 82, 355, 14, 34, 8819, 255, 8, 11376, 3032, 42258, 2064, 6610, 8565, 264, 15101, 275, 31083, 275, 16158, 20498, 26147, 795, 2422, 14, 2809, 274, 82, 355, 14, 34, 8819, 255, 64, 1157, 2030, 372, 642, 6584, 358, 3381, 372, 6585, 13, 2901, 1028, 7112, 355, 6446, 77, 5069, 4474, 30284, 1830, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 267, 38139, 15, 187, 187, 15, 743, 3876, 17622, 13, 795, 18852, 3824, 3035, 358, 447, 8, 39503, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 21640, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 28453, 9497, 333, 11086, 478, 301, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 27117, 267, 500, 1225, 462, 7311, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 32787, 15350, 487, 15, 187, 187, 883, 15, 11642, 4653, 127, 224, 9431, 36066, 6202, 418, 1719, 308, 1042, 9051, 5993, 1719, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 7727, 329, 15, 31131, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 19436, 14698, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 1045, 355, 17001, 7961, 5171, 444, 15, 19523, 781, 15, 187, 187, 15, 6897, 649, 8952, 13, 795, 5622, 527, 28238, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 28415, 15, 187, 187, 15, 1720, 20010, 13, 795, 4257, 5332, 932, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 12131, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 4744, 13625, 5391, 15, 187, 187, 15, 308, 698, 343, 1219, 20257, 13, 13326, 87, 8727, 345, 14183, 2902, 10269, 40858, 13, 355, 14, 58, 1370, 8432, 13, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 6585, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 7727, 329, 15, 31131, 15, 187, 187, 15, 1219, 404, 3096, 2935, 13, 795, 4509, 13193, 327, 330, 561, 15306, 64, 1157, 8280, 15, 463, 406, 1005, 15, 681, 16, 84, 5353, 5967, 64, 81, 16, 423, 1171, 266, 15, 25071, 13, 490, 21704, 372, 8441, 15, 187, 187, 15, 15273, 7682, 570, 1994, 13, 7539, 36, 2259, 3083, 5712, 1644, 24445, 9368, 342, 31199, 382, 29811, 272, 3900, 275, 16158, 20498, 26147, 795, 36, 2259, 40753, 7717, 64, 1157, 4772, 2030, 372, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 6585, 15, 187, 187, 15, 1023, 30518, 39348, 274, 5940, 48546, 87, 4355, 1398, 363, 5902, 4501, 372, 3897, 5263, 375, 340, 4358, 9810, 27356, 1753, 8806, 4586, 251, 3897, 21079, 37588, 265, 6706, 1247, 375, 40800, 1045, 387, 290, 3377, 372, 8878, 546, 5633, 469, 319, 13, 795, 510, 16158, 8490, 64, 1157, 7266, 15, 14821, 14, 12434, 15, 187, 187, 15, 29732, 77, 8420, 13, 795, 2422, 14, 50, 66, 4355, 434, 500, 26590, 275, 3060, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 22287, 15, 187, 187, 15, 2745, 49311, 30735, 13, 795, 24095, 1321, 34646, 596, 276, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 10909, 15, 187, 187, 15, 743, 3876, 17622, 13, 795, 18852, 3824, 3035, 358, 447, 8, 39503, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 21886, 15, 187, 187, 15, 6470, 1240, 427, 1432, 78, 340, 27117, 267, 1680, 5719, 13, 7539, 17174, 2902, 10269, 40858, 27, 380, 20593, 2705, 273, 253, 11760, 26147, 355, 14, 58, 1370, 8432, 13, 884, 372, 12468, 900, 372, 7544, 15, 187, 187, 15, 1716, 22498, 14265, 1448, 819, 18463, 5297, 365, 7055, 5985, 355, 14, 39, 4631, 267, 546, 826, 12565, 10045, 6618, 251, 6696, 13, 1638, 372, 17109, 538, 250, 372, 6469, 15, 187, 187, 805, 15, 46898, 41177, 8568, 2697, 21905, 127, 224, 1719, 187, 187, 15, 795, 2422, 14, 13924, 3358, 64, 1157, 608, 372, 49137, 900, 372, 8878, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 5119, 1608, 2966, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 322, 11282, 82, 355, 14, 30507, 5168, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 2422, 14, 13924, 3358, 64, 1157, 608, 372, 49137, 900, 372, 8878, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 35194, 15350, 487, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 388, 763, 312, 30012, 6017, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 28453, 1045, 14, 2809, 8407, 90, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 35194, 15350, 487, 15, 187, 187, 15, 8939, 30964, 13, 795, 32277, 27325, 64, 1157, 268, 15, 24062, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 388, 763, 312, 30012, 6017, 15, 187, 187, 15, 15878, 20573, 20381, 372, 29928, 40173, 1966, 375, 2661, 266, 1753, 1045, 44935, 80, 372, 310, 5247, 25448, 1753, 247, 19664, 46154, 2349, 19526, 8585, 546, 444, 7311, 22352, 347, 5297, 9747, 247, 1458, 15, 933, 28, 3897, 310, 5247, 25448, 50209, 266, 372, 3925, 15, 933, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 25448, 345, 714, 515, 343, 355, 14, 20405, 363, 13, 7812, 515, 343, 355, 14, 59, 333, 90, 255, 340, 388, 6451, 355, 14, 52, 487, 2284, 15, 187, 187, 15, 28453, 1045, 14, 2809, 8407, 90, 13, 7539, 2422, 14, 59, 1403, 1240, 19283, 434, 7743, 28182, 26147, 17532, 721, 13, 795, 2422, 14, 2809, 274, 82, 355, 14, 34, 8819, 255, 64, 1157, 1283, 372, 37266, 9623, 3381, 372, 6752, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 714, 515, 343, 355, 14, 20405, 363, 15, 187, 187, 15, 28453, 1045, 14, 2809, 8407, 90, 13, 7539, 2422, 14, 59, 1403, 1240, 19283, 434, 7743, 28182, 26147, 17532, 721, 13, 795, 2422, 14, 2809, 274, 82, 355, 14, 34, 8819, 255, 64, 1157, 1283, 372, 37266, 9623, 3381, 372, 6752, 15, 187, 187, 15, 11204, 265, 12629, 372, 32787, 309, 44147, 355, 14, 52, 19416, 355, 14, 47, 333, 90, 274, 13, 546, 1045, 27759, 372, 3897, 7539, 250, 44001, 8585, 372, 31208, 571, 26147, 22688, 9623, 3381, 372, 8065, 15, 187, 187, 15, 795, 42, 67, 5710, 4414, 187, 187, 15, 3905, 10658, 7860, 1448, 387, 290, 3377, 15563, 826, 4443, 1432, 2960, 24088, 532, 14265, 3352, 70, 372, 355, 14, 41, 3681, 11282, 13, 7539, 510, 25081, 16061, 273, 355, 14, 50, 66, 8, 4355, 26147, 17532, 898, 13, 3349, 372, 2304, 8636, 372, 5826, 15, 187, 187, 15, 7539, 2422, 14, 50, 66, 4355, 13, 8802, 2902, 10269, 40858, 434, 37614, 323, 12121, 26147, 3389, 80, 271, 3876, 17622, 372, 826, 17879, 13, 1249, 372, 49137, 900, 372, 6585, 15, 3599, 3389, 80, 6266, 247, 26957, 500, 357, 357, 8733, 440, 7539, 48679, 372, 1579, 316, 1758, 26147, 2343, 1753, 2622, 12704, 546, 45674, 70, 2604, 1954, 3266, 80, 1578, 440, 299, 2375, 358, 15119, 372, 7539, 9292, 8727, 25235, 187, 187, 15, 11198, 15079, 8727, 345, 1680, 5719, 3344, 15, 187, 187, 15, 12828, 66, 329, 4396, 312, 13, 7539, 2422, 14, 46918, 27, 380, 29056, 4524, 6545, 411, 1240, 8621, 74, 29028, 285, 253, 17315, 1497, 273, 43627, 26147, 795, 40262, 6516, 273, 5625, 64, 795, 26216, 3514, 16404, 272, 21897, 1621, 15, 337, 64, 1157, 704, 3381, 287, 372, 6469, 15, 187 ]

Enemies' Eyes_ , p. 125. . Los detalles sobre el intento de asesinato proceden de Muhammad Ibrahim Naqd, «The First Attempt to Assassinate bin Laden Was Attempted by a Libyan Who Was Trained in Lebanon», _Al-Hayat_ , 18 de noviembre de 2001; e Ibrahim Hassan Ardi, «Al-Watan Places the Period the Head of al-Qaeda Spent in Sudan», _Al-Watan_ , 25 de octubre de 2001; «Ossama bin-Ladin: Muslims Who Live in Europe Are Kafirs», _Rose al-Yousef_ , __ 9 de diciembre de 1996; al-Hammadi, «The Inside Story of al-Qa'ida», parte 3, 21 de marzo de 2005; y de las entrevistas con Isam al-Turabi, Sadiq al-Mahdi, Hassabulla Omer y Jaled Yusuf. Varias fuentes sostienen que en realidad hubo dos tentativas de asesinar a Bin Laden, y algunas afirman que con solo unas semanas de diferencia, pero esas informaciones proceden del propio Bin Laden, que considera el tiroteo a la mezquita la noche anterior como un intento de matarle. . Entrevista con Yamal Jalifa. Algunos de los detalles sobre el hijo de Bin Laden, Abdullah, proceden de al-Hammadi, «The Inside Story of al-Qa'ida», parte 3, 21 de marzo de 2005. . «Ossama bin-Ladin: Muslims Who Live in Europe Are Kafirs», _Rose al-Yousef_ , __ 9 de diciembre de 1996. . _Ibidem_. . Wright, «The Man Behind bin Laden». . Entrevista con Yamal Jashoggi. . Entrevista con Michael Scheuer. . Entrevista con una fuente sudanesa anónima. . Entrevista con Yamal Jalifa. . _Ibidem_. . Entrevista con Said Badib. . «Walidee Ramama al-Aqsa Bilkhasara» [Mi padre renovó la mezquita de al-Aqsa, con pérdidas], _Al-Umma al-Islamiyya_ , __ 18 de octubre de 1991. . Daniel McGrory, «The Day When Osama bin Laden Applied for Asylum – in Britain», _Times_ , __ 29 de septiembre de 2005. . Entrevista con un portavoz de la familia Bin Laden. . Entrevista con Yamal Jalifa. . Entrevista con Hassabulla Omer. . Benjamin Weiser, «Ex-Aide Tells of Plot to Kill bin Laden», _New York Times_ , 21 de febrero de 2001. . Declaración de Yamal al-Fadl, _U.S. v. Usama bin Laden, et al._ Entrevista con Muhammad Loay Baizid. . Declaración de L'Houssaine Kherchtou, _U.S. v. Usama bin Laden, et al._ . Declaración de Yamal al-Fadl, _U.S. v. Usama bin Laden, et al._ . _Ibidem_. Las cantidades reales fueron: 795.200,49 dólares del Programa de Protección de Testigos y 151.047,2 dólares del FBI. Eso no incluye el dinero que le podría haber dado a Fadl la CIA, que fue la primera en interrogarle. . Entrevista con Jack Cloonan. . _Ibidem_. . Alegato, _U.S. v. Ali Mohamed._ . Hasin al-Banyan, «The Oldest Arab Afghan Talks to 'Al-Sharq al-Awsat' About His Career That Finally Landed Him in Prison in Saudi Arabia», _Al-Sharq al-Awsat_ , 25 de noviembre de 2001, traducido al inglés por FBIS. . Entrevista con Yamal Jalifa. . Anónimo, _Through Our Enemies' Eyes_ , p. 146. . Entrevista con Muhammad Loay Baizid. . Entrevista con Yamal Jashoggi. . Entrevista con Ahmed Badib. 11. EL PRÍNCIPE DE LAS TINIEBLAS . Entrevista con Richard A. Clarke. . Entrevista con Steven Simon. . Entrevista con el almirante Paul E. Busick. . Naftali, _Blind Spot_ , p. 242. . Reeve, _New Jackals_ , p. 104. . Entrevista con Mark Rossini. . Taysir Aluni, entrevista con Osama bin Laden, al-Yazira, octubre de 2001. . Entrevista con Richard A. Clarke. . Alain Geresh, _From Index on Censorship_ , www.geocities.com/saudhouse_p/endofan.htm, abril de 1996. . Kevin Dennehy, «Cape Man Relives Close Call with Terrorist Bombing While in Saudi Arabia», _Cape Cod Times_ , __ 25 de octubre de 2001. . Se puede encontrar una vívida descripción de los arrestos y las torturas que sufrieron los árabes afganos tras el atentado de 1995 en Jerichow, _The Saudi File_ , pp. 136-140. . Kohlmann, _Al-Qaida's Jihad in Europe_ , p. 158. . Teitelbaum, _Holier Than Thou_ , p. 76. . Anónimo, _Through Our Enemies' Eyes_ , p. 141. . Salah Najm y Yamal Ismail, «Osama bin Laden: The Destruction of the Base», al-Yazira, 10 de junio de 1999. . Conferencia del príncipe Turki al-Faisal en la Universidad Seton Hall, 14 de octubre de 2003. 12. LOS NIÑOS ESPÍAS . _Al-Ahram_ , 5 de julio de 1995. . Entrevista con David Shinn. . Entrevista con Sadiq al-Mahdi. . _Al-Ahram_ , 5 de julio de 1995. . Entrevista con Said Badib. . Entrevista con Hisham Kassem. . Entrevista con Muhammad el-Shafey. . Entrevista con Said Badib. . Petterson, _Inside Sudan_ , p. 179. . Entrevista con Hisham Kassem. . Las organizaciones de derechos humanos calculan que el número de islamistas que aún están encarcelados en Egipto asciende a 15.000; los islamistas hablan de 60.000. . Entrevistas con Yassir al-Sirri, Montassir al-Zayyat y Hani al-Sibai. . Muhammad el-Shafey, «Al-Zawahiri's Secret Papers», parte 6, _Al-Sharq al-Awsat_ , 18 de diciembre de 2002. . Entrevista con Yassir al-Sirri. . Muhammad el-Shafey, «Al-Zawahiri's Secret Papers», parte 6, _Al-Sharq al-Awsat_ , 18 de diciembre de 2002. . Confesiones de Ahmed Ibrahim al-Sayed al-Nayyar, en el caso de los «repatriados de Albania», septiembre de 1998. . _Ibidem_. . La narración del atentado contra la embajada egipcia procede de al-Hammadi, «The Inside Story of al-Qa'ida», parte 9, 28 de marzo de 2005. . «Al-Qaida, Usama bin Laden's Vehicle for Action», documento anónimo de la CIA, 12 de julio de 2001. El documento describe a Abu Jabab como un «conductor de limusina», lo que normalmente en Oriente Próximo es un eufemismo de «taxista». . Entrevista con Ismail Jan. . Maha Azzam, «Al-Qaeda: The Misunderstood Wahhabi Connection and the Ideology of Violence», _Royal Institute of International_ _Affairs Briefing Paper No. 1_ , febrero de 2003.

[ 273, 11878, 273, 3388, 17575, 273, 2169, 4730, 285, 6561, 2143, 31329, 313, 2387, 2552, 187, 187, 24, 329, 20179, 24556, 496, 2710, 4088, 13, 7418, 8607, 432, 1475, 253, 20902, 452, 2530, 3280, 281, 436, 2199, 13, 534, 253, 4477, 47444, 14409, 15, 380, 4477, 651, 751, 281, 5717, 275, 1798, 776, 5213, 47267, 399, 15, 18673, 2516, 10228, 13, 3344, 21995, 77, 518, 285, 15315, 300, 6470, 7373, 323, 5277, 616, 15040, 387, 2710, 8661, 273, 253, 2199, 28, 352, 369, 38089, 323, 20462, 253, 1263, 285, 16472, 253, 6260, 327, 534, 436, 2457, 1304, 310, 1754, 15, 5488, 13, 253, 4477, 651, 751, 281, 14409, 253, 1329, 275, 941, 2561, 285, 7914, 2530, 407, 253, 3872, 10071, 27, 8698, 914, 1063, 285, 32319, 706, 14089, 77, 313, 16796, 5182, 582, 1219, 1988, 38437, 313, 19642, 14, 45353, 582, 500, 20191, 611, 45456, 2381, 285, 19173, 284, 367, 1441, 76, 6836, 313, 17398, 1373, 582, 16219, 7766, 611, 6002, 785, 13, 500, 1954, 91, 339, 71, 8582, 27544, 285, 1503, 3467, 91, 84, 9045, 7188, 375, 91, 893, 313, 38288, 552, 582, 330, 16130, 552, 21009, 12040, 68, 928, 8311, 518, 313, 7638, 395, 582, 7511, 8901, 28608, 615, 8432, 313, 40086, 267, 10, 285, 388, 10320, 2399, 4913, 313, 17967, 9733, 481, 6610, 13, 253, 4477, 651, 751, 281, 14409, 253, 7680, 273, 418, 8885, 3044, 8677, 4926, 13, 28084, 7896, 2398, 14573, 46668, 285, 15657, 6362, 411, 2381, 296, 248, 249, 5969, 13, 665, 6518, 2589, 4114, 2561, 285, 3157, 253, 3872, 285, 20407, 5012, 15, 2552, 187, 187, 25, 16155, 18435, 23230, 4730, 2718, 452, 644, 285, 403, 1335, 11372, 342, 253, 4836, 273, 49625, 5675, 3904, 273, 3484, 1293, 48637, 253, 3290, 273, 4730, 13, 285, 1293, 6153, 26016, 25930, 275, 2289, 285, 12240, 15, 733, 310, 275, 436, 3634, 326, 13001, 452, 644, 19427, 253, 6654, 273, 1345, 285, 3055, 5300, 342, 253, 4736, 273, 17170, 625, 25495, 13, 625, 3576, 13, 285, 625, 18380, 2169, 4730, 2718, 15, 3749, 21320, 20407, 941, 5239, 921, 326, 689, 253, 1390, 767, 8007, 13, 627, 556, 644, 247, 2087, 5333, 4404, 4067, 10764, 273, 3055, 8362, 273, 2169, 4730, 313, 2887, 10372, 374, 481, 831, 5333, 369, 6786, 8127, 949, 12976, 3081, 390, 2169, 24528, 432, 35096, 8128, 313, 32307, 23776, 5974, 9021, 13441, 380, 4473, 273, 2105, 14, 35870, 310, 908, 1060, 281, 7409, 436, 5333, 275, 253, 6654, 273, 1345, 285, 3055, 8362, 15, 25773, 275, 253, 1039, 4815, 403, 6096, 476, 1379, 2067, 4948, 13, 1690, 253, 10199, 273, 35096, 8128, 835, 597, 858, 417, 3786, 2226, 390, 247, 9479, 2572, 835, 597, 2168, 858, 15, 1583, 476, 671, 6388, 247, 5141, 390, 1014, 247, 24250, 273, 5974, 16311, 390, 5974, 10119, 34371, 313, 433, 86, 960, 275, 5974, 8596, 671, 12647, 271, 2572, 275, 253, 3055, 8362, 3309, 281, 3835, 11331, 285, 3811, 4815, 582, 533, 671, 1345, 7823, 326, 11907, 47132, 420, 15036, 432, 247, 11306, 14761, 1701, 1345, 8776, 281, 247, 1199, 1679, 14761, 1701, 13, 9801, 14, 6820, 3055, 8776, 15, 23359, 387, 2105, 14, 35870, 432, 253, 5974, 8668, 13, 253, 1263, 41685, 1316, 265, 327, 5974, 2036, 16736, 84, 13, 891, 15, 70, 15, 2264, 4815, 32708, 407, 247, 5974, 846, 8180, 273, 35096, 8128, 285, 36948, 1263, 8596, 15, 4952, 275, 4343, 1293, 35096, 8128, 13, 627, 310, 1335, 247, 6832, 2408, 273, 2105, 14, 35870, 984, 642, 2169, 4730, 985, 10949, 3484, 8, 11331, 285, 3811, 4815, 4336, 15, 733, 310, 919, 78, 1701, 326, 271, 2572, 275, 3055, 4815, 281, 3484, 588, 3486, 327, 253, 8770, 273, 3484, 15, 380, 1263, 671, 4453, 387, 253, 15772, 1930, 273, 2105, 14, 35870, 285, 2340, 684, 253, 6890, 6654, 273, 1345, 285, 3055, 24528, 323, 2169, 4730, 10003, 313, 1922, 2513, 481, 4325, 253, 8668, 273, 10197, 2513, 13, 2105, 14, 35870, 8687, 2544, 281, 253, 3894, 273, 1345, 285, 3055, 8362, 347, 6021, 4973, 313, 395, 3021, 253, 9056, 2554, 273, 35096, 8128, 13, 3310, 6021, 13, 40174, 12189, 23866, 13, 3966, 15, 347, 10066, 281, 1375, 8362, 481, 3932, 247, 1818, 281, 436, 6654, 11852, 253, 4103, 6349, 273, 841, 4973, 13, 352, 310, 8025, 326, 352, 588, 671, 1818, 253, 8770, 273, 10197, 2513, 15, 7567, 732, 272, 327, 253, 3264, 16274, 327, 5974, 285, 10197, 42, 32536, 273, 2544, 281, 253, 2105, 14, 9628, 6654, 13, 253, 1263, 310, 29318, 407, 1740, 24316, 347, 629, 273, 247, 2014, 11088, 3646, 1783, 1566, 15, 380, 24316, 2619, 598, 327, 2234, 7794, 273, 32435, 13, 12510, 285, 17382, 273, 35096, 9801, 7823, 275, 2169, 4730, 15, 25295, 4521, 261, 329, 27, 1284, 3055, 8362, 5459, 13, 2264, 11784, 273, 10197, 2513, 5459, 15, 25295, 4521, 261, 378, 27, 1284, 253, 26911, 281, 6233, 3055, 8362, 2572, 13, 10197, 2513, 2489, 625, 20876, 281, 5974, 4831, 15, 25295, 4521, 261, 330, 27, 38078, 3055, 8362, 556, 247, 4016, 1055, 327, 5974, 4831, 15, 25295, 4521, 261, 399, 27, 38078, 3055, 8362, 11852, 5974, 4327, 273, 849, 285, 752, 281, 1263, 15, 1916, 7409, 849, 1345, 285, 3055, 8362, 4391, 285, 752, 3486, 2710, 2544, 452, 574, 327, 253, 8770, 273, 10197, 2513, 285, 3484, 13, 253, 4477, 4824, 562, 7457, 12082, 2586, 1083, 2175, 5093, 4343, 432, 253, 5284, 6398, 285, 767, 432, 3345, 3060, 313, 16796, 5182, 13, 6144, 13, 5854, 13, 25270, 13, 6176, 13, 29171, 13, 16795, 13, 24084, 285, 2552, 187, 187, 26, 3684, 9733, 481, 831, 5438, 273, 4343, 3400, 247, 5235, 273, 7533, 275, 534, 281, 7409, 253, 2538, 15, 13773, 4343, 497, 6777, 2556, 281, 253, 1563, 6866, 27, 23365, 7031, 13, 5054, 4757, 13, 3072, 1979, 13, 47132, 420, 3904, 13, 3894, 273, 3484, 275, 3055, 2169, 4730, 13, 4248, 273, 1345, 8362, 273, 10003, 13, 2544, 281, 3055, 8362, 13, 35096, 9801, 3646, 13, 285, 5974, 4832, 8596, 8332, 15, 733, 369, 919, 78, 1701, 326, 253, 4343, 342, 253, 5962, 285, 954, 5233, 15036, 275, 35096, 9801, 3646, 651, 320, 954, 4722, 323, 253, 1263, 13, 1580, 824, 15036, 812, 320, 3264, 281, 452, 3687, 3486, 327, 5974, 285, 10197, 42, 8770, 685, 247, 3839, 6474, 35096, 9801, 3646, 15, 1198, 436, 1921, 253, 2219, 497, 8085, 715, 16196, 10533, 4343, 313, 16796, 5182, 13, 5854, 13, 6176, 285, 24084, 10, 285, 21815, 4343, 313, 32235, 13, 25270, 13, 29171, 13, 16795, 285, 3684, 9733, 10, 323, 253, 1783, 15, 380, 2829, 2708, 10262, 247, 6010, 18389, 273, 253, 2586, 6127, 313, 66, 7000, 18389, 273, 253, 16936, 476, 320, 1119, 275, 5270, 374, 15, 19, 273, 253, 2022, 1304, 481, 42372, 273, 35096, 9801, 3646, 1818, 275, 253, 2180, 273, 5839, 20930, 273, 9801, 14, 12080, 272, 3484, 32483, 5854, 8065, 5854, 5403, 6176, 5403, 16, 2922, 21753, 6585, 659, 19416, 253, 1072, 25270, 24084, 6469, 313, 45353, 4050, 2888, 3684, 9733, 6144, 44398, 833, 16795, 21753, 4748, 6176, 29171, 26056, 2408, 5087, 591, 5974, 44398, 833, 659, 19416, 253, 1072, 32483, 5838, 27, 2091, 642, 807, 310, 1677, 352, 2097, 326, 667, 1818, 369, 26830, 15, 313, 45353, 4050, 2888, 27, 380, 4050, 35096, 9801, 8460, 275, 5854, 310, 3345, 253, 2180, 273, 5839, 273, 436, 1263, 13, 533, 588, 320, 2908, 835, 941, 403, 2130, 285, 4623, 323, 253, 4096, 273, 436, 1263, 15, 1198, 1016, 1083, 1263, 2586, 13, 247, 7000, 3872, 1304, 347, 40275, 512, 253, 3603, 273, 253, 9056, 2105, 14, 35870, 985, 281, 4751, 18047, 253, 6654, 875, 1345, 285, 3055, 4973, 273, 24528, 313, 2887, 3313, 27241, 275, 253, 2022, 30762, 481, 11505, 41429, 4325, 253, 1783, 13, 359, 476, 1056, 253, 1563, 7313, 342, 1675, 281, 849, 2544, 275, 8128, 2818, 3484, 285, 10003, 27, 23230, 4730, 941, 2718, 3464, 18464, 380, 1375, 273, 253, 941, 3058, 281, 12054, 2939, 253, 1375, 273, 2289, 281, 2169, 4730, 310, 275, 1142, 4343, 9648, 4105, 15, 496, 690, 4343, 19836, 29171, 285, 16795, 1014, 13546, 2969, 1491, 670, 15772, 6021, 4973, 310, 4829, 7479, 15, 5488, 13, 1014, 12544, 253, 1268, 273, 35096, 8128, 534, 403, 2686, 5087, 4558, 2834, 275, 690, 34853, 15, 831, 4112, 10262, 247, 7658, 323, 3646, 14, 3169, 2561, 327, 247, 3872, 1268, 13, 533, 2789, 2175, 26400, 281, 2085, 247, 10237, 1941, 2613, 327, 247, 2831, 14, 25736, 1268, 1014, 625, 11132, 15, 380, 11815, 8392, 432, 436, 1263, 1364, 320, 11575, 275, 253, 1708, 273, 436, 958, 15, 2552, 187, 187, 740, 380, 10199, 273, 35096, 8128, 3798, 2789, 253, 985, 1805, 14, 2727, 4583, 13, 407, 3629, 253, 2264, 2408, 273, 5300, 2130, 380, 1263, 20097, 326, 347, 3055, 8362, 323, 10003, 2559, 13, 1345, 24528, 858, 417, 5257, 281, 6379, 13, 9745, 670, 271, 4583, 2572, 275, 15772, 6021, 313, 39355, 4521, 261, 329, 13, 923, 10372, 495, 481, 380, 9079, 369, 5762, 970, 591, 14, 39095, 6021, 432, 1345, 285, 3055, 4973, 347, 247, 5044, 15301, 15, 733, 369, 1119, 326, 323, 954, 4343, 285, 9894, 273, 673, 13, 253, 9079, 476, 320, 16058, 15, 380, 1643, 9894, 273, 11052, 1345, 591, 39095, 6021, 40575, 281, 12475, 273, 2057, 5054, 8891, 313, 32235, 275, 253, 7901, 84, 10, 390, 7863, 47132, 420, 3116, 313, 7638, 395, 275, 253, 7901, 84, 281, 2393, 5307, 84, 13, 21753, 275, 253, 3563, 5307, 84, 481, 496, 841, 2173, 2219, 13, 4583, 5974, 8362, 313, 4387, 285, 3055, 8362, 5678, 10, 671, 6137, 13, 891, 15, 70, 15, 3055, 8362, 369, 417, 908, 281, 23514, 323, 436, 15, 5595, 4722, 432, 247, 3646, 7103, 8668, 403, 2219, 275, 534, 13001, 574, 253, 4736, 273, 9745, 670, 15036, 275, 253, 2105, 14, 35870, 6654, 15, 6102, 9437, 497, 1160, 275, 1740, 273, 253, 1083, 1263, 4343, 27, 21753, 13, 5854, 13, 6176, 285, 24084, 15, 733, 369, 2011, 326, 432, 247, 15846, 4832, 1127, 273, 1859, 13, 253, 35096, 9801, 23809, 275, 6176, 285, 24084, 497, 31381, 16453, 275, 7990, 15, 7160, 4388, 369, 281, 2085, 253, 985, 342, 625, 8064, 13, 1293, 26401, 30897, 253, 12687, 593, 273, 253, 1345, 8776, 275, 2169, 4730, 8362, 15, 380, 1783, 2692, 326, 436, 8103, 369, 6786, 275, 24084, 285, 281, 690, 4248, 275, 6176, 15, 496, 21753, 13, 253, 3302, 4736, 273, 16984, 35096, 8128, 4620, 281, 452, 644, 281, 3324, 670, 247, 2036, 5333, 275, 253, 2105, 14, 35870, 6654, 2581, 685, 281, 2572, 253, 8064, 2130, 281, 253, 985, 15, 1310, 436, 310, 253, 3451, 7914, 273, 253, 6944, 3646, 7342, 13, 840, 253, 29535, 8460, 476, 320, 2783, 247, 313, 14458, 14, 27379, 10, 2323, 27, 253, 10199, 273, 35096, 8128, 4391, 253, 2105, 14, 35870, 6654, 13, 533, 858, 417, 1421, 281, 271, 2572, 275, 4583, 8064, 323, 10003, 15, 496, 5854, 13, 275, 4499, 281, 253, 643, 1264, 16196, 10533, 4343, 5421, 1060, 13, 253, 35096, 9801, 23809, 47516, 13657, 253, 985, 715, 247, 1566, 275, 534, 3055, 9021, 5752, 347, 247, 2022, 39642, 273, 15772, 8362, 273, 2169, 4730, 15, 37664, 253, 954, 3332, 8460, 432, 4050, 313, 4609, 2550, 2568, 320, 6760, 10481, 984, 352, 310, 594, 3332, 10, 2722, 247, 2590, 5333, 281, 3055, 8362, 273, 2169, 4730, 342, 49005, 285, 7848, 1430, 3237, 1146, 26353, 4215, 949, 247, 11088, 1345, 10119, 6974, 15, 380, 5300, 12103, 949, 747, 9801, 14, 13472, 6021, 403, 417, 1900, 22171, 275, 4088, 326, 651, 320, 3264, 281, 591, 916, 4360, 3157, 253, 5974, 2793, 844, 3877, 326, 2439, 247, 1180, 273, 1083, 2175, 13, 253, 14955, 689, 673, 369, 323, 3484, 468, 14, 34632, 11878, 281, 6054, 13, 1014, 672, 15772, 6021, 591, 14, 39095, 369, 11002, 15, 831, 310, 247, 1953, 273, 10197, 42, 8770, 6949, 970, 25295, 4521, 261, 378, 313, 2887, 10372, 577, 481, 380, 954, 9559, 1650, 273, 436, 369, 275, 6144, 13, 835, 5974, 14, 442, 12844, 11878, 9461, 49917, 595, 407, 1384, 6, 1014, 347, 591, 14, 39095, 6021, 9461, 407, 3387, 7739, 3308, 13, 1223, 352, 778, 320, 2032, 326, 8128, 1056, 10003, 1805, 745, 13, 597, 513, 417, 7933, 1056, 323, 247, 1805, 5974, 2793, 13, 1014, 672, 591, 14, 39095, 6021, 310, 11002, 15, 1707, 403, 1264, 2022, 4606, 2139, 436, 310, 594, 15, 35346, 13, 275, 690, 2219, 13, 747, 8064, 403, 9940, 281, 7466, 2581, 685 ]

of ratios of average wages of higher education and secondary school graduates ( ) May 7 Acknowledgements In various ways, numerous researchers from around the globe have provided input to this project, which the authors gratefully acknowledge. The authors would like to thank in particular our international advisors D. Bruce Johnstone, Jan Sadlak and Jamil Salmi for providing their expertise at various stages of the project; it was invaluable for designing the study and conducting the analyses on which this final report is based. Furthermore, the authors would like to acknowledge the support in data research and interpretation provided by the national experts: Martin Unger and Jakob Hartl (Austria), Alison Johnston (UK-England), Jussi Kivistö and Elias Pekkola (Finland), Tamás Kozma, József Temesi and Zsuzsanna Veroszta (Hungary), Cezary Kościelniak (Poland), Luisa Cerdeira (Portugal) and Hwanbo Park (South Korea). Finally, the authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Lori McElroy, Pamela Marcucci and Ronja Wöstheinrich, who helped conduct background research and improve the national and comparative reports. May 8 Executive Summary Higher education systems have been and are still faced with the task of accommodating growing numbers of students without compromising the quality of education, and without creating undesirable inequalities in access and completion. It is in this context that governments have been adjusting the balance of public and private resources with the goal of achieving more inclusive, more effective, and more sustainable higher education systems. Internationally comparative data sets show that over the last two decades, there has been a general shift towards larger shares of private funding of higher education (see Chapter 2). This shift was achieved largely through raising additional or higher revenues from tuition fees (sometimes termed student contributions ). The concept of cost-sharing is used here to investigate this shift in the balance of public and private funding. Changes in the way costs are shared can take several forms, including the introduction of tuition fees where they did not previously exist or a sharp increase where they already did. They can also involve a reduction or even a freezing of student grants or student loan subsidies (reductions in student aid also constitute an increase in the private funding necessary to cover educational and living costs), but also public policies that encourage enrolment shifts from a heavily subsidised public sector to a much less subsidised, fee-dependent private sector. Looking at cost-sharing from the student perspective, the study focusses on student netcosts, i.e. total costs borne by a student after consideration of tuition fees and compensatory study aid. Even in countries without tuition fees, there is still a substantial amount of cost-sharing because no higher education system covers students' educational and living costs completely. It is surmised that an increase in private costs to students will impact on the behaviour of students. The study also looks at the institutional side of cost-sharing and investigates the changing balance of public and private revenues for higher education institutions (HEIs). From the perspective of HEIs, cost-sharing involves changes to the share of public and private funding as income sources (and thus the respective role of tuition fees, contract income, philanthropic donations, etc. as opposed to state funding). Since a change to this balance affects the relative importance of these sources, it is assumed that it will also change the behaviour of HEIs. Reflecting on the expected impacts on student and HEI behaviours of changes to the cost- sharing balance, the study is framed by four hypotheses as part of a single comprehensive policy analysis model. The hypotheses pick up on key aspects of sustainability, effectiveness and equity of tuition fee policies in higher education. Hypothesis A: As private funding increases, total revenue of HEIs increases. Hypothesis B: As the incentives to earn private funding increase, HEIs become more responsive to student demand. Hypothesis C: Increasing private funding has a negative effect on student demand. Hypothesis D: Increasing private funding affects student choice of how and what to study. To investigate how public and private funding changed and what impact various changes have had on the behaviour of HEIs and students, the authors carried out nine systematic country case studies seven countries from the European Union and two from outside Europe (Austria, Canada, England, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Portugal and May 9 South Korea). This selection of countries provides a variety of settings in which to investigate the effects. Different countries were chosen according to the following criteria: geographic coverage, economic strength, population size, enrolment numbers, share of students in private higher education, degree of public funding of institutions, changes to private funding, tuition fee policy, and student financial aid provision. It was surmised that the countries with the biggest and most rapid shifts in tuition fee policy would be most interesting for the study, since such shifts could be expected to have greater impact on student and HEI behaviour than a generally stable tuition fee policy. For this reason the cases were split into discontinuity countries (Austria, England, Germany and Portugal) and continuity countries (Canada, Finland, Hungary, Poland and South Korea) for the analysis. The table below presents a summary overview of the country patterns (a detailed overview of the developments can be found in Table 2.2 of the main report). Overview of tuition fee policy change in the period of investigation Share of fee-paying students Increased England 1998 England 2006 Germany 2006/07 Austria 2001 Stayed the same Finland Portugal 2003 (England 2012)* South Korea Canada Decreased Poland Austria 2009 Germany Hungary Average amount paid per student Decreased Stayed the same Increased Note: When no year is given it means that any change was gradual. (England 2012)*: The 2012 tuition fee reform in England is outside the period of investigation of this study, but will be included where data are available and relevant for the purpose of this study. For each case study country, a detailed national report assembles all the elements of the respective cost-sharing system to fully portray the balance between public and private sources of revenues (see National Reports in the main appendix). Main Findings From the analysis, we can make the following observations with respect to how changes in fees affect students and institutions: Higher education data systems remain incomplete The state of the data needed to reasonably assess the state of access to higher education is in many countries fairly poor. In some countries notably Hungary and Poland even obtaining simple information about institutional income sources is nearly impossible. Furthermore, even tracking the level of tuition fees which are actually paid remains difficult in some jurisdictions. This situation presents a constraint for policy-based research on a national level, but makes studies aiming to provide a robust evidence base on a cross-national level even more challenging. The conclusions drawn from this study must be viewed in the light of this fact. May 10 The introduction of tuition fees usually makes the system better-off overall, by increasing the total amount of resources available The study concludes that as private funding for institutions increased, public revenues did not tend to decrease, bringing about an overall increase in institutional income (Hypothesis A, see Chapter 3). The hypothesis was tested using per-student income from public and private sources as a basic indicator. It was found that for most countries and periods of time, the hypothesis can be verified. The few periods of decreasing public perstudent income corresponded to phases of either economic crisis (Canada in the 1990s) or massive enrolment growth (Poland in the 1990s to early 2000s, Austria in the late 2000s). In these specific cases, overall student funding (public and private funding combined) also decreased, i.e. private funding was not used to compensate for this. Most interesting from a policy evaluation perspective are cases in which governments had the goal of bringing about shifts in the cost-sharing balance. Such attempts were made in four of the case study countries: Austria, England, Germany and Portugal. It was shown that from a purely financial point of view, the tuition fee reforms in Germany and Portugal were comparatively modest in scope. Their aim was to provide the system with more funds, without fundamentally altering the predominance of the public sector in higher education funding. The analysis showed that this objective was achieved in Portugal and to some degree in Germany. In Austria, the initial goal of introducing tuition fees appears to have been to bring about a net shift in the cost-sharing balance rather than to increase the funds available to the system. If this is the correct interpretation of the underlying policy goals, then the Austrian reform can be considered a (short-lived) success: the introduction of tuition fees changed the cost-sharing balance, but did not lead to an increase in overall funds for institutions. In England, in contrast to the other three discontinuity countries studied here, the tuition fee reforms successively transformed the system into a model in which private contributions serve as a mainstay of institutional funding of higher education. Particularly the most recent reform from 2012 (which cannot yet be evaluated sufficiently because it is so recent) shows a clear shift to private funding of higher education with liquidity and affordability problems being alleviated through a comprehensive public loan scheme. The resources gained through new fee-derived income are not always invested in ways that would be expected to perceptibly improve the student experience We note that across a number of case studies, the tendency over time was for studentsper-staff ratios to rise, even when institutional income per-student was rising. This is a question of HEI behaviour investigated using Hypothesis B (see Chapter 4). The most extreme example of this was in Canada, where student-teacher ratios rose detrimentally by 20% even as per-student income rose by 40%. Thus, while it may be true that fees make institutions better off, they do not necessarily make for a better student experience, even when per-student income is rising. There are three main reasons why this is so. Firstly, in some cases, new funds are dedicated to expansion rather than

[ 2829, 323, 37108, 15, 380, 36580, 671, 403, 2403, 247, 7450, 281, 861, 253, 1892, 14, 394, 18639, 33074, 7071, 263, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2926, 2296, 253, 46847, 968, 5439, 616, 3959, 432, 2620, 14, 10526, 13, 370, 1012, 3041, 281, 370, 1036, 3041, 15, 380, 1304, 13, 32249, 271, 42540, 7758, 2603, 13, 753, 253, 5453, 11210, 457, 85, 4336, 1677, 598, 3524, 273, 15428, 37108, 15, 1292, 253, 2285, 310, 973, 6600, 627, 403, 2169, 42863, 562, 627, 15, 187, 187, 3378, 616, 3710, 5054, 5300, 13, 253, 46847, 968, 6403, 457, 85, 5480, 281, 3986, 253, 370, 938, 3041, 1616, 15, 187, 187, 3378, 642, 1375, 6021, 2891, 275, 7758, 13, 253, 46847, 968, 497, 11525, 247, 5777, 1679, 3959, 323, 37108, 778, 452, 26740, 264, 253, 3127, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 281, 861, 15, 187, 187, 45885, 1342, 556, 644, 2444, 562, 275, 3684, 7758, 342, 521, 2810, 3331, 32064, 610, 4922, 2339, 273, 253, 36580, 15, 37108, 457, 84, 16027, 281, 4922, 2339, 812, 9142, 2489, 247, 18000, 2803, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 4839, 37108, 588, 1056, 521, 3061, 3517, 13, 4931, 689, 253, 8849, 15, 187, 187, 23062, 187, 187, 510, 1563, 403, 40618, 390, 2579, 10880, 273, 11432, 6884, 27141, 14429, 285, 778, 320, 908, 760, 342, 9214, 273, 11432, 6884, 27141, 25626, 13, 3690, 15, 390, 253, 4623, 11432, 6884, 27141, 10726, 27, 11432, 6884, 13, 11432, 6884, 27141, 13, 36481, 13, 253, 43031, 37883, 7074, 18479, 13, 3645, 12234, 13, 3313, 6884, 13, 2448, 6884, 13, 9333, 12234, 13, 6884, 11218, 12234, 13, 1876, 14, 16043, 10850, 13, 285, 253, 4454, 13, 15278, 7886, 13, 48757, 13, 6447, 11809, 13, 3295, 13553, 13, 285, 44216, 507, 2216, 839, 253, 11432, 6884, 27141, 15202, 285, 14429, 13, 285, 616, 9056, 43796, 1502, 13, 3394, 285, 44742, 15, 510, 7671, 21506, 5399, 313, 39, 2648, 10, 310, 7219, 281, 11479, 253, 4104, 2036, 41056, 5323, 13, 534, 8884, 326, 8573, 2579, 11967, 313, 1830, 3724, 10, 812, 417, 3959, 5087, 23652, 1320, 281, 4384, 4413, 285, 2406, 18819, 323, 643, 3238, 15, 1176, 4008, 310, 5211, 281, 923, 253, 10132, 564, 13, 352, 369, 581, 273, 253, 4110, 3724, 326, 5611, 3809, 24914, 13, 954, 19836, 2866, 6707, 625, 9280, 187, 187, 27642, 342, 6707, 10639, 187, 187, 16008, 3778, 556, 1024, 644, 29773, 275, 347, 253, 5329, 394, 4007, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 273, 3968, 15, 23243, 342, 521, 5286, 13, 253, 747, 4007, 588, 441, 379, 275, 247, 1180, 273, 36927, 2544, 1905, 5742, 275, 253, 2170, 273, 39063, 285, 253, 1533, 273, 37377, 15, 1707, 310, 247, 2266, 6387, 326, 253, 747, 5219, 3995, 5286, 2866, 6707, 625, 9280, 50, 27, 187, 187, 39527, 604, 622, 1694, 2770, 1955, 281, 530, 3077, 3100, 27193, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 2403, 271, 622, 326, 11359, 3540, 273, 690, 9287, 398, 326, 24510, 342, 271, 2608, 2931, 7726, 15, 187, 42, 1849, 1160, 352, 594, 672, 253, 10028, 12646, 13, 253, 2250, 4060, 2296, 346, 29099, 999, 3446, 2091, 368, 5532, 436, 13, 253, 622, 13279, 13, 285, 1060, 309, 971, 281, 2794, 253, 1735, 24388, 13, 533, 253, 1895, 310, 326, 309, 1053, 626, 871, 604, 253, 622, 13279, 984, 253, 19313, 6409, 369, 32033, 390, 604, 253, 19313, 11226, 1223, 253, 622, 369, 3515, 15, 187, 31568, 1694, 667, 5697, 32, 2490, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 42, 1053, 626, 871, 604, 619, 1953, 369, 12744, 533, 352, 3133, 326, 309, 1694, 577, 1027, 9172, 326, 512, 3731, 22416, 264, 619, 1953, 1163, 49, 187, 6436, 13, 309, 6888, 326, 253, 858, 40330, 12599, 3650, 400, 8518, 6569, 875, 588, 15886, 18635, 2595, 285, 858, 35, 886, 485, 16754, 13, 594, 309, 858, 436, 281, 3653, 604, 253, 622, 369, 2168, 1527, 390, 417, 27, 187, 8422, 4353, 10, 13259, 10477, 9571, 12332, 9657, 13259, 858, 40330, 12599, 27193, 10477, 54, 3077, 3100, 27193, 9657, 42942, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 4883, 6800, 38217, 12535, 2348, 432, 19313, 32, 2462, 33, 995, 369, 688, 4507, 3736, 27508, 9820, 1476, 1163, 27508, 2369, 48708, 187, 94, 187, 187, 14, 313, 4353, 10, 13259, 12978, 15886, 18635, 2595, 10477, 9571, 12332, 9657, 13259, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 4238, 688, 4507, 426, 22487, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 14, 313, 4353, 10, 13259, 8917, 35, 886, 485, 16754, 10477, 9571, 12332, 9657, 13259, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 4238, 688, 4507, 426, 7651, 28, 187, 187, 94, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 510, 686, 28113, 8, 1039, 281, 513, 436, 310, 281, 9186, 634, 6640, 12332, 434, 2898, 5443, 2867, 275, 253, 2898, 27, 14958, 40330, 32842, 27193, 27, 1332, 273, 634, 24565, 15, 187, 4509, 253, 10097, 323, 10885, 1980, 30584, 27, 187, 187, 46716, 5838, 27, 496, 16567, 13, 368, 476, 3653, 1880, 271, 2898, 310, 10098, 187, 50276, 284, 247, 906, 273, 253, 2608, 37005, 253, 2250, 6409, 390, 1880, 253, 187, 50276, 42942, 369, 8549, 281, 253, 2168, 14, 24220, 2898, 407, 187, 50276, 911, 312, 1699, 253, 2898, 1375, 15, 496, 253, 24565, 457, 84, 7092, 273, 187, 50276, 783, 2898, 27, 14958, 40330, 32842, 27193, 27, 390, 187, 50276, 13259, 27, 14958, 40330, 12599, 27193, 27, 1332, 13, 755, 253, 1318, 273, 253, 187, 50276, 13259, 5443, 2867, 285, 7472, 352, 15, 1310, 253, 1318, 310, 187, 50276, 9571, 12332, 5443, 688, 4507, 13, 253, 2608, 32033, 253, 2250, 6409, 28, 604, 253, 187, 50276, 2877, 310, 12693, 12332, 5443, 16754, 13, 253, 2898, 369, 2914, 2252, 672, 187, 50276, 262, 2959, 253, 19313, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 2074, 281, 634, 2900, 970, 12201, 873, 275, 2898, 12978, 15886, 18635, 2595, 285, 2898, 8917, 35, 886, 485, 16754, 533, 342, 985, 1329, 15, 535, 43963, 187, 187, 510, 5441, 285, 1491, 2530, 281, 4212, 275, 253, 7223, 273, 253, 43605, 5738, 4422, 403, 323, 46373, 6378, 760, 15, 28100, 943, 417, 10725, 327, 1491, 327, 436, 43605, 5738, 4422, 323, 667, 4096, 643, 685, 323, 21896, 2087, 3640, 273, 253, 2567, 15, 17724, 778, 320, 4391, 390, 9300, 1293, 4366, 15, 43605, 5738, 310, 247, 941, 11716, 327, 11136, 273, 1165, 21, 3690, 15, 187, 187, 30430, 12793, 398, 21882, 247, 7088, 18451, 27292, 310, 3010, 5706, 36484, 34646, 247, 401, 4306, 2639, 187, 187, 51, 35043, 20293, 3519, 52, 13, 6192, 18295, 9, 45483, 37008, 411, 29349, 32186, 187, 30430, 2856, 398, 1537, 452, 1805, 7516, 4560, 2305, 15, 390, 10137, 15, 10154, 604, 597, 187, 35933, 562, 253, 6222, 5406, 273, 616, 8214, 1113, 342, 271, 2460, 273, 187, 14094, 6152, 4868, 13, 2556, 281, 247, 3332, 6630, 407, 47815, 285, 29954, 187, 17831, 5901, 15, 380, 767, 4413, 49586, 327, 253, 3907, 6630, 273, 187, 27381, 2856, 398, 281, 1805, 2096, 253, 2954, 875, 15065, 285, 187, 409, 593, 15, 187, 187, 510, 6630, 1119, 326, 247, 2442, 3522, 457, 84, 6152, 4868, 812, 1128, 263, 4931, 187, 11425, 1128, 1257, 253, 3064, 875, 1863, 532, 272, 1669, 390, 987, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 9135, 187, 25250, 273, 3909, 2856, 398, 1333, 1907, 247, 1175, 6152, 4868, 310, 625, 187, 1595, 36484, 685, 6276, 247, 5322, 1113, 15, 22300, 13, 2456, 2558, 1158, 247, 1175, 187, 44689, 4868, 310, 625, 12994, 685, 271, 13943, 2628, 4060, 13, 285, 3387, 187, 25250, 3718, 247, 1175, 4868, 689, 247, 13318, 4944, 2133, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 2042, 368, 452, 247, 1175, 6152, 4868, 13, 892, 66, 2084, 352, 1806, 2296, 3196, 15, 23442, 14826, 13, 187, 2641, 15, 37, 904, 7015, 8249, 31149, 323, 29954, 15, 681, 15, 773, 3039, 352, 3249, 281, 13597, 13, 187, 66, 1175, 6152, 4868, 35267, 634, 20187, 1318, 13, 9073, 368, 3330, 247, 5506, 13, 187, 5056, 14, 3945, 7832, 13, 625, 594, 685, 690, 643, 18701, 326, 3909, 2856, 398, 187, 22732, 6780, 327, 616, 6222, 15, 22405, 12088, 13, 533, 634, 6152, 4868, 476, 187, 9293, 518, 625, 670, 665, 368, 403, 347, 247, 1436, 13, 285, 21864, 5194, 326, 1110, 187, 3113, 1175, 6152, 5257, 281, 320, 49307, 784, 285, 9630, 1425, 187, 187, 34, 6152, 4868, 310, 247, 2557, 273, 4832, 8294, 13, 534, 10447, 187, 25250, 273, 6630, 15102, 1333, 310, 247, 1077, 390, 6685, 1774, 187, 15177, 672, 2819, 323, 247, 1436, 281, 3522, 15, 18598, 8294, 187, 14092, 2169, 685, 2067, 643, 1774, 18701, 13, 347, 9963, 2558, 1333, 247, 187, 33829, 273, 20393, 310, 1077, 390, 6685, 1774, 13, 8319, 2558, 1333, 187, 1595, 974, 6460, 13, 2456, 2558, 1333, 30385, 13, 5976, 2558, 1333, 15838, 285, 6931, 187, 25250, 1333, 771, 14197, 15, 187, 187, 14358, 2255, 285, 1821, 1318, 4832, 8294, 13, 347, 10484, 2558, 273, 187, 31450, 285, 9901, 2558, 273, 1821, 1333, 4832, 8294, 310, 247, 1077, 390, 187, 2068, 42807, 1774, 3290, 275, 247, 2442, 7832, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 1057, 1175, 6152, 1804, 670, 247, 2442, 3522, 32, 2091, 2546, 281, 187, 888, 1419, 5319, 273, 3095, 342, 247, 1175, 6152, 4868, 13, 11087, 2558, 187, 1171, 6630, 15102, 753, 5506, 13, 3387, 2558, 753, 46808, 285, 187, 1839, 2558, 753, 7060, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 34, 6152, 4868, 310, 271, 1774, 2557, 273, 4832, 8294, 347, 187, 262, 23267, 35252, 285, 15274, 689, 673, 672, 352, 3249, 281, 14419, 187, 12550, 33129, 13, 417, 7933, 849, 1199, 2583, 368, 1056, 390, 752, 368, 452, 187, 249, 253, 4310, 1806, 2296, 20428, 3083, 17408, 13, 47815, 457, 84, 12008, 4007, 273, 7138, 285, 187, 45908, 16039, 15, 773, 47271, 273, 634, 6152, 4868, 13, 581, 273, 253, 10149, 281, 187, 303, 40037, 634, 6152, 1786, 310, 3365, 1146, 6600, 273, 634, 4868, 15, 2064, 187, 36871, 476, 873, 368, 327, 253, 1854, 2584, 11138, 390, 11850, 634, 187, 18891, 15, 14820, 13, 352, 476, 13673, 271, 4722, 1128, 395, 1774, 1128, 585, 36381, 327, 247, 187, 2754, 1425, 187, 187, 31568, 6110, 275, 12669, 616, 401, 24218, 8942, 18451, 27292, 18, 13, 187, 10387, 1110, 665, 403, 417, 47815, 6383, 13, 476, 513, 594, 323, 1959, 407, 187, 5681, 281, 47815, 15, 681, 16, 38482, 29064, 9290, 15, 187, 688, 1635, 281, 247, 401, 24218, 8942, 27292, 13, 47815, 457, 84, 18451, 27292, 9290, 187, 11404, 1487, 1491, 285, 12288, 715, 253, 2620, 9050, 326, 187, 1987, 3337, 281, 581, 457, 84, 401, 24218, 8942, 27292, 15, 187, 187, 30430, 12793, 398, 6272, 388, 265, 262, 386, 281, 25664, 7198, 1972, 187, 187, 6175, 3909, 2856, 398, 1158, 247, 2442, 7832, 457, 84, 33129, 403, 1774, 13, 187, 783, 6630, 1119, 326, 253, 3517, 383, 954, 651, 1928, 9848, 4540, 5555, 187, 9750, 14033, 4278, 1128, 10328, 347, 616, 2408, 273, 6735, 13, 6152, 4868, 13, 6021, 285, 187, 1033, 1946, 16964, 1128, 12756, 320, 1561, 253, 806, 2800, 2607, 273, 247, 2954, 15, 187, 6300, 818, 2558, 390, 11184, 651, 17611, 824, 8692, 1078, 4804, 3095, 187, 249, 1436, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5020, 273, 6630, 15102, 1333, 597, 403, 760, 5777, 187, 12625, 494, 390, 417, 9848, 387, 512, 342, 253, 2934, 273, 9628, 4832, 187, 18480, 327, 247, 13597, 622, 390, 4422, 15, 831, 3797, 10447, 2558, 665, 187, 39336, 5777, 9848, 390, 417, 9848, 387, 512, 9628, 1491, 187, 10383, 616, 2408, 273, 6735, 13, 10447, 2558, 616, 6152, 4868, 13, 6705, 2558, 187, 14094, 6021, 285, 8676, 2558, 616, 9100, 16964, 15, 187, 187, 510, 581, 2181, 15102, 513, 1928, 9848, 9628, 327, 247, 13597, 187, 37054, 390, 622, 310, 616, 8410, 3708, 13, 347, 6705, 2558, 1928, 1077, 390, 187, 2068, 42807, 9848, 9628, 326, 1491, 15, 187, 187, 17398, 1972, 6272, 3010, 19967, 1699, 685, 29219, 285, 27282, 187, 187, 14067, 616, 16063, 4306, 13, 3909, 2856, 398, 651, 513, 973, 281, 452, 253, 2583, 187, 26209, 342, 616, 7832, 19473, 2581, 685, 1996, 15, 380, 6630, 1119, 326, 187, 9750, 1972, 403, 247, 625, 1846, 2954, 7372, 685, 7342, 323, 253, 187, 32279, 13, 5249, 7089, 13, 8672, 13, 5753, 285, 9596, 15, 496, 958, 13, 253, 187, 24330, 414, 273, 1110, 28671, 13, 8676, 2558, 13, 1333, 33129, 497, 247, 2603, 273, 187, 49292, 275, 247, 2469, 390, 1655, 2954, 13, 285, 1283, 2558, 1333, 33129, 187, 1070, 281, 247, 2740, 14, 484, 15, 187, 187, 14102, 3942, 6995, 4380, 5721, 30387, 275, 308 ]

table for Chapman. The Angels also are making a push to sign the hard-throwing Cuban defector. The story says the Marlins raised their offer from five-years, $13 million to $16 million. The report, quoting an unnamed Florida source, said the club hasn’t completely given up hope of signing Chapman. But the team is well aware there are higher bids out there. With their limited economic resources, the Marlins aren’t prepared to reach the $20 million mark. With no state income tax in Florida, the Marlins were hoping a slightly less offer for Chapman may have swayed the 21-year-old to sign. Chapman has been working out in South Florida with his close friend Kendry Morales of the Angels. Chapman’s ties to Morales could ultimately become a deciding factor. There is a chance Chapman will make his decision soon, perhaps over the weekend. Meta The following are trademarks or service marks of Major League Baseball entities and may be used only with permission of Major League Baseball Properties, Inc. or the relevant Major League Baseball entity: Major League, Major League Baseball, MLB, the silhouetted batter logo, World Series, National League, American League, Division Series, League Championship Series, All-Star Game, and the names, nicknames, logos, uniform designs, color combinations, and slogans designating the Major League Baseball clubs and entities, and their respective mascots, events and exhibitions.The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is planning to gut the 2015 net neutrality laws, which declared that internet service providers (ISPs) could not offer paid prioritization to web companies and lower speeds for other services. Comcast is happy to see the regulations go, it was one of the ISPs that introduced fast lanes, most notably… Read more » Connect with ReadWrite Donald Trump has now been sworn in as the 45th president of the United States of America. Along with his administration, the new president will usher in a number of drastic changes — specifically in the area of telecommunications and the world of IoT. There is a strong possibility that the new White House administration… Read more »Q: Detect if app got focus due to UILocalNotification I'm making an app that keeps track of some reminders that repeats with an user defined interval. I've made it so when the alert displays, the action title says "Renew". When you click this, the app opens, and here I want to create the next reminder, but the problem is that I don't know if the app opens because the notification button was tapped or if the notification fired while the app was running. Anyone got any ideas? A: I don't know if my question was unclear but it seems that I got 4 different answers that all misinterpreted my question :P However, I discovered that the didReceiveLocalNotivication happens between willEnterForeground and didBecomeActive, so I did this to determine if the app was already open or not: -(void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification { NSLog(@"Opened from notification? %@", wasInactive ? @"yes!" : @"no!"); } - (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application { wasInactive = YES; } - (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application { wasInactive = NO; } A: The 'correct' way to do this is to examine your NSApplication's applicationState property in the application:didReceiveRemoteNotification: method of your delegate. From the documentation for handling local notifications: iOS Note: In iOS, you can determine whether an application is launched as a result of the user tapping the action button or whether the notification was delivered to the already-running application by examining the application state. In the delegate’s implementation of the application:didReceiveRemoteNotification: or application:didReceiveLocalNotification: method, get the value of the applicationState property and evaluate it. If the value is UIApplicationStateInactive, the user tapped the action button; if the value is UIApplicationStateActive, the application was frontmost when it received the notification. This is similar to your solution using flags set in applicationWillEnterForeground and applicationDidBecomeActive but with system support. Disclaimer The facts and information provided to users in the pages of the Virtua website are for informational purposes only. Users should not rely on information on this Virtua website for any purpose other than for gaining general knowledge of the company. Material may be changed or updated without notice. Virtua is a data provider on behalf of Q4 Inc. Online Daters Say a Good Credit Score is More Attractive Than a Fancy Car RIVERWOODS, Ill.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Online daters might have better luck finding Mr. or Ms. Right if they swap out the profile picture of their expensive car with an image of their credit score, according to a recent survey by Discover and Match Media Group. The two companies collaborated on the independent survey of online daters to better understand the relationship between finance and romance. The survey found that a potential date’s credit score could—or perhaps should—be the difference between swiping left or right. For example, 58 percent of online daters say having a good credit score is more attractive than driving a nice car. Likewise, 50 percent think a good credit score is more attractive than an impressive job title, and 40 percent favor a good score over a physically fit body. “If you have a good credit score, flaunt it,” says Dr. Helen Fisher, Ph.D., chief scientific advisor for Match.com. “When it comes to dating, a good credit score ups your mate value, helping you win a responsible, long-term partner, more so than some other qualities that online daters might highlight on their profile. Money talks, but your credit score can speak more about who you are as a person, and singles agree that those with good credit tend to be conscientious and reliable.” A credit score is a measure of financial responsibility, which 69 percent of survey respondents say is a very or extremely important quality when looking for a person to date. Financial responsibility rated higher than several other important qualities, as 67 percent say a sense of humor is very or extremely important, 51 percent say attractiveness, 50 percent say ambition, 42 percent say courage and 39 percent say modesty. Both women and men value financial responsibility, as 77 percent of women and 61 percent of men say financial responsibility is a very or extremely important quality in a potential partner. What does good credit suggest about a potential date? When asked to identify characteristics of someone with a good credit score, 73 percent of survey respondents said responsible, 40 percent said trustworthy and 38 percent said smart. “A credit score is an important measure of financial responsibility as it rewards diligence and consistency over time when it comes to managing your finances, not necessarily how much money you make or what you have in the bank,” says Kate Manfred, Discover’s vice president of brand and consumer insights. “Regardless of your credit score, one of the keys to improving your credit health is simply being aware of your score. That knowledge can set you on the path toward improving or maintaining your score. Plus, it can spark an interesting—and important—conversation on a date.” Anyone interested in checking their FICO® Credit Score1, including those who are not Discover customers, can do so for free by going to Discover.com/CreditScorecard. In addition to a FICO® Score, Discover’s Credit Scorecard provides information and insight into the five categories that contribute to one’s FICO® Score. Online Daters Are Hesitant to Talk Finances While online daters think a potential partner’s finances are important, the survey found that the soonest most would feel comfortable disclosing financial details—such as their amount of debt, credit score, income and spending habits—would be within the first six months of a relationship. Just 7 percent or fewer would disclose such info before meeting someone in person. The majority of survey respondents say they are only slightly comfortable or not comfortable at all with the idea of sharing financial information on a dating app or website. This includes 69 percent who feel slightly comfortable or not comfortable at all sharing information about their amount of debt, 69 percent their credit score, 64 percent their income and 53 percent their spending habits. The one thing respondents do feel comfortable sharing on a dating website or app is their employment status, as 64 percent feel very or extremely comfortable sharing that information. Finances Are More Straining than Kids and Politics Despite their hesitancy, online daters would do well to have the money talk with their partner sooner rather than later. The survey found that finances are a more common relationship strain than goals for the future, career decisions, politics, kids and religion. In fact, the majority of those surveyed, 53 percent, say finances were a source of strain in a past or current relationship, and 18 percent say finances led to a break-up. Survey Insights Featured in T

[ 13, 535, 50274, 5423, 9317, 50254, 50274, 359, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 9252, 9317, 50254, 50274, 664, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 13, 535, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 20, 27, 17, 62, 50255, 1257, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 9252, 9317, 544, 20, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 1257, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 13, 535, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 4090, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 72, 2649, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 13, 187, 50274, 5423, 9317, 544, 2405, 27, 17, 62, 50256, 7210, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 187, 558, 187, 187, 2948, 30105, 1237, 70, 1449, 81, 64, 19910, 1450, 25350, 187, 2948, 20452, 64, 19910, 1450, 25350, 187, 187, 65, 17331, 46833, 3077, 26573, 187, 46786, 23169, 64, 468, 64, 82, 13, 4098, 64, 468, 64, 82, 13, 391, 7210, 64, 468, 64, 82, 28, 187, 187, 17743, 1577, 551, 187, 50273, 46786, 544, 20144, 64, 40097, 14, 18, 27, 17, 62, 50270, 9834, 28, 187, 50273, 46786, 50254, 359, 28, 187, 50273, 46786, 544, 495, 27, 17, 62, 50260, 1257, 28, 187, 50273, 46786, 544, 17020, 64, 40097, 14, 18, 27, 17, 62, 50270, 88, 2203, 28, 187, 50273, 46786, 544, 17020, 64, 40097, 14, 18, 27, 17, 62, 50270, 83, 2203, 28, 187, 50275, 94, 29282, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 28, 187, 187, 2437, 40819, 64, 72, 2649, 64, 37360, 28, 187, 50273, 17554, 540, 295, 28, 187, 423, 2437, 1163, 40819, 64, 72, 2649, 64, 37360, 187, 187, 2437, 40819, 64, 2203, 64, 37360, 28, 187, 50273, 17554, 540, 295, 28, 187, 423, 2437, 1163, 40819, 64, 2203, 64, 37360, 187, 187, 5719, 3364, 1852, 9, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 10, 5161, 64, 12250, 84, 50268, 30, 747, 36117, 187, 5719, 3364, 1852, 9, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 10, 5161, 64, 373, 793, 50269, 30, 747, 36117, 187, 5719, 3364, 1852, 9, 46786, 10, 50271, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 64, 737, 9581, 426, 747, 36117, 187, 5719, 3364, 1852, 9, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 10, 3541, 64, 3675, 15618, 50275, 30, 747, 36117, 535, 1900, 64, 77, 1506, 187, 3135, 187, 50275, 338, 313, 12250, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 10, 187, 50271, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50275, 7271, 187, 50271, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 990, 535, 1900, 64, 77, 1506, 187, 3135, 187, 50275, 338, 313, 83, 7210, 64, 6441, 64, 74, 10, 187, 50271, 83, 7210, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50275, 7271, 187, 50271, 83, 7210, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 990, 535, 187, 25737, 64, 77, 1506, 187, 3135, 187, 50275, 338, 313, 29656, 64, 6441, 64, 74, 10, 187, 50271, 29656, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50275, 7271, 187, 50271, 29656, 64, 468, 64, 82, 50274, 44072, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 990, 5429, 1380, 35723, 12639, 187, 3302, 187, 3135, 187, 50273, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 1167, 64, 3649, 28, 187, 50273, 50154, 40819, 64, 72, 2649, 64, 37360, 3343, 64, 37360, 426, 747, 36117, 535, 50273, 565, 14712, 28, 535, 50273, 565, 48073, 13, 2781, 64, 1208, 28, 187, 50273, 4, 740, 28, 605, 14061, 387, 253, 1077, 5068, 187, 50273, 6050, 9, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50269, 33, 9, 7334, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 29656, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 426, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 535, 50269, 4, 18, 28, 535, 50269, 338, 6522, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 10, 3135, 187, 50266, 14061, 9, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 2295, 337, 8, 67, 18, 558, 187, 50269, 423, 535, 50269, 338, 6048, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 60, 17, 3291, 3857, 313, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 2295, 3915, 5543, 10449, 1228, 3135, 50276, 605, 27225, 1703, 35286, 15051, 3481, 3915, 5626, 52, 14789, 2573, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 305, 2649, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50269, 423, 2010, 604, 6048, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 60, 17, 3291, 3857, 313, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 2295, 416, 5543, 2277, 1228, 3135, 187, 50265, 4090, 64, 1208, 426, 2781, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 16306, 426, 3343, 64, 37360, 15, 14719, 907, 1082, 342, 92, 187, 50261, 79, 10122, 470, 28, 187, 50261, 79, 44072, 2781, 64, 1208, 28, 187, 50265, 4718, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 3343, 64, 37360, 15, 79, 28, 535, 50269, 423, 2010, 3135, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 470, 28, 187, 50269, 423, 2756, 50269, 6050, 9, 296, 10037, 3613, 470, 10, 3135, 187, 50266, 33, 9, 570, 2400, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50266, 296, 10037, 42277, 187, 50269, 423, 535, 50269, 33, 9, 570, 2400, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 338, 9, 12250, 64, 468, 64, 82, 2295, 337, 8, 67, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50265, 29656, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 50275, 30, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50265, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 9834, 50276, 30, 26181, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 1257, 50274, 30, 320, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 664, 50274, 30, 359, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 88, 2203, 426, 259, 2203, 64, 6443, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 6443, 64, 12250, 84, 15, 1065, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 187, 50265, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 64, 737, 9581, 15, 1065, 9, 18, 8, 67, 18, 558, 187, 50269, 423, 535, 50273, 423, 187, 990, 535, 3302, 187, 3135, 187, 50273, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 1167, 64, 3649, 28, 187, 50273, 50154, 40819, 64, 2203, 64, 37360, 3343, 64, 37360, 426, 747, 36117, 187, 50273, 46786, 7169, 28, 187, 50273, 565, 14712, 13, 48073, 13, 2781, 64, 1208, 28, 535, 50273, 6050, 9, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50269, 33, 9, 7334, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 83, 7210, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 426, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50269, 83, 2203, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 686, 89, 28, 535, 50269, 4, 18, 28, 187, 50269, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 64, 737, 9581, 15, 788, 9, 737, 9581, 558, 535, 50269, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 15, 788, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 535, 50269, 338, 6048, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 60, 17, 3291, 3857, 313, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 2295, 3915, 5543, 10449, 1228, 3135, 50276, 605, 27225, 1703, 35286, 15051, 3481, 3915, 5626, 52, 14789, 2573, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 3588, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50269, 423, 2010, 604, 6048, 296, 455, 64, 257, 64, 74, 60, 17, 3291, 3857, 313, 296, 455, 64, 9561, 64, 74, 2295, 416, 5543, 2277, 1228, 3135, 187, 50265, 4090, 64, 1208, 426, 2781, 64, 296, 455, 64, 74, 28, 187, 50265, 16306, 426, 3343, 64, 37360, 15, 14719, 907, 1082, 342, 551, 187, 50261, 79, 30189, 470, 28, 187, 50261, 79, 44072, 2781, 64, 1208, 28, 187, 50265, 4718, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 3343, 64, 37360, 15, 79, 28, 535, 50269, 423, 2010, 3135, 535, 50265, 296, 10037, 426, 470, 28, 187, 50269, 423, 2756, 50269, 6050, 9, 296, 10037, 3613, 470, 10, 3135, 187, 50265, 33, 9, 570, 2400, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50265, 296, 10037, 42277, 187, 50269, 423, 535, 50269, 83, 2203, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 83, 2203, 28, 187, 50269, 83, 7210, 64, 6443, 64, 80, 426, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50273, 423, 187, 990, 535, 3302, 187, 3135, 187, 50273, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 1167, 64, 3649, 28, 187, 50273, 664, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50274, 30, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50273, 12250, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50275, 30, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50273, 9834, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 686, 17, 28, 187, 50273, 1257, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50274, 30, 577, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50273, 88, 2203, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 426, 686, 89, 28, 535, 50273, 6050, 9, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50269, 33, 9, 7334, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 4, 18, 28, 187, 50269, 12250, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50275, 30, 337, 8, 67, 17, 28, 187, 50269, 9834, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 686, 17, 28, 187, 50269, 88, 2203, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 426, 686, 89, 28, 187, 50269, 6443, 64, 12250, 84, 15, 788, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 187, 50269, 12250, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50275, 30, 337, 8, 67, 18, 28, 187, 50269, 9834, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50276, 30, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 9834, 28, 187, 50269, 664, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50274, 30, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 664, 28, 187, 50269, 1257, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 50274, 30, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 1257, 28, 187, 50269, 88, 2203, 64, 6441, 64, 80, 426, 1167, 64, 3649, 15, 88, 2203, 28, 535, 50269, 14061, 9, 29656, 64, 468, 64, 82, 558, 187, 50269, 20704, 64, 3675, 15618, 15, 1065, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 535, 50273, 423, 187, 990, 535, 3302, 187, 3135, 187, 50273, 296, 455, 64, 6441, 64, 85, 1167, 64, 3649, 28, 187, 50273, 6050, 9, 18, 10, 3135, 187, 50269, 20704, 64, 3675, 15618, 15, 788, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 535, 50269, 14061, 9, 83, 7210, 64, 468, 64, 82, 2295, 337, 8, 67, 18, 558, 187, 50269, 33, 9, 570, 2400, 463, 49362, 64, 74, 558, 187, 50269, 6441, 64, 3649, 15, 83, 2203, 426, 391, 2203, 64, 6441, 64, 74, 28, 535, 50269, 6443, 64, 373, 793, 15, 1065, 9, 6441, 64, 3649, 558, 535, 50273, 423, 187, 990, 187, 2634, 7287, 187, 990, 8640, 187, 34, 1481, 1120, 19274, 985, 323, 8356, 19427, 253, 1899, 273, 247, 1481, 1120, 273, 247, 4958, 7319, 15, 380, 1481, 1120, 476, 320, 247, 1612, 1481, 1120, 326, 310, 629, 273, 247, 1612, 7319, 985, 13, 835, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 476, 320, 838, 292, 407, 247, 7319, 45628, 342, 253, 643, 6887, 273, 253, 7319, 275, 247, 3541, 1159, 2391, 2413, 1358, 2700, 15, 9906, 15, 681, 16, 4066, 592, 16, 3016, 1518, 1549, 1099, 29407, 32, 307, 78, 64, 6756, 30, 20773, 14, 72, 11095, 14, 18316, 40504, 1982, 1518, 1549, 1099, 29407, 428, 24689, 5372, 19427, 1481, 28891, 985, 187, 187, 34, 1481, 1120, 19274, 985, 323, 8356, 19427, 253, 1899, 273, 247, 1481, 1120, 273, 247, 4958, 7319, 15, 380, 1481, 1120, 476, 320, 247, 1612, 1481, 1120, 326, 310, 629, 273, 247, 1612, 7319, 985, 13, 835, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 476, 320, 838, 292, 407, 247, 7319, 45628, 342, 253, 643, 6887, 273, 253, 7319, 275, 247, 3541, 1159, 15, 380, 985, 3797, 247, 7319, 45628, 17950, 985, 326, 21768, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 7319, 45628, 434, 1481, 13, 2927, 390, 643, 17754, 3386, 281, 3653, 247, 6799, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 15, 380, 985, 26662, 253, 4588, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 281, 253, 6799, 1899, 13, 285, 8356, 4575, 84, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 281, 253, 6799, 1899, 15, 496, 581, 14704, 13, 271, 6979, 985, 14802, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 7319, 45628, 434, 1481, 15, 496, 1529, 14704, 13, 253, 985, 14802, 253, 1899, 273, 7319, 45628, 434, 2927, 1754, 327, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 6254, 1930, 11472, 15, 187, 187, 30128, 9, 24, 10, 187, 187, 34200, 84, 9, 1423, 10, 187, 187, 18, 15, 329, 1481, 1120, 19274, 985, 323, 8356, 19274, 247, 1481, 1120, 273, 247, 4958, 7319, 13, 753, 985, 11616, 27, 187, 187, 66, 1481, 1120, 8468, 323, 15549, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 13, 753, 1481, 1120, 8468, 11365, 247, 1481, 1120, 1899, 2625, 24838, 273, 253, 1899, 273, 253, 1481, 1120, 28, 187, 187, 66, 7319, 45628, 15549, 749, 14 ]

, input logic we_core_i, output logic we_mem_o, input logic [3:0] be_core_i, output logic [3:0] be_mem_o, input logic [31:0] stall_en_i, input logic [31:0] stall_mode_i, input logic [31:0] max_stall_i, input logic [31:0] gnt_stall_i, input logic [31:0] valid_stall_i ); import cv32e40p_pkg::*; import perturbation_pkg::*; `ifndef VERILATOR logic req_per_q, grant_per_q, rvalid_per_q; typedef struct { logic [ADDR_WIDTH-1:0] addr; logic we; logic [ 3:0] be; logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] wdata; logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] rdata; } stall_mem_t; class rand_gnt_cycles; rand int n; endclass : rand_gnt_cycles class rand_data_cycles; rand int n; endclass : rand_data_cycles mailbox #(stall_mem_t) core_reqs = new (); mailbox #(stall_mem_t) core_resps = new (); mailbox #(logic) core_resps_granted = new (); mailbox #(stall_mem_t) memory_transfers = new (); always_latch begin if (req_core_i) req_per_q <= 1'b1; else req_per_q <= 1'b0; end always_latch begin if (rvalid_mem_i) rvalid_per_q <= 1'b1; else rvalid_per_q <= 1'b0; end always_latch begin if (grant_mem_i) grant_per_q <= 1'b1; else grant_per_q <= 1'b0; end //Grant Process initial begin stall_mem_t mem_acc; automatic rand_gnt_cycles wait_cycles = new (); int temp; int stalls, max_val; #10;//wait at the very beginning while(1) begin @(posedge clk_i); grant_core_o = 1'b0; #1; if (!req_per_q) begin wait(req_per_q == 1'b1); end if ((stall_en_i[0]) && (stall_mode_i == STANDARD)) begin //FIXED NUMBER OF STALLS MODE stalls = gnt_stall_i; end else if ((stall_en_i[0]) && (stall_mode_i == RANDOM)) begin max_val = max_stall_i; temp = wait_cycles.randomize() with{ n >= 0; n<= max_val; }; stalls = wait_cycles.n; end else begin stalls = 0; end while(stalls != 0) begin @(negedge clk_i); stalls--; end @(negedge clk_i); if(req_per_q == 1'b1) begin grant_core_o = 1'b1; mem_acc.addr = addr_core_i; mem_acc.be = be_core_i; mem_acc.we = we_core_i; mem_acc.wdata = wdata_core_i; core_reqs.put(mem_acc); core_resps_granted.put(1'b1); end end end initial begin stall_mem_t mem_acc; automatic rand_data_cycles wait_cycles = new (); logic granted; int temp, stalls, max_val; while(1) begin @(posedge clk_i); rvalid_core_o = 1'b0; rdata_core_o = 'x; #1; core_resps_granted.get(granted); core_resps.get(mem_acc); if ((stall_en_i[0]) && (stall_mode_i == STANDARD)) begin //FIXED NUMBER OF STALLS MODE stalls = valid_stall_i; end else if ((stall_en_i[0]) && (stall_mode_i == RANDOM)) begin max_val = max_stall_i; temp = wait_cycles.randomize() with { n>= 0; n<= max_val; }; stalls = wait_cycles.n; end else begin stalls = 0; end while(stalls != 0) begin @(negedge clk_i); stalls--; end rdata_core_o = mem_acc.rdata; rvalid_core_o = 1'b1; end end initial begin stall_mem_t mem_acc; we_mem_o = 1'b0; req_mem_o = 1'b0; addr_mem_o = '0; be_mem_o = 4'b0; wdata_mem_o = 'x; while(1) begin @(posedge clk_i); #1; req_mem_o = 1'b0; addr_mem_o = '0; wdata_mem_o = 'x; core_reqs.get(mem_acc); req_mem_o = 1'b1; addr_mem_o = mem_acc.addr; we_mem_o = mem_acc.we; be_mem_o = mem_acc.be; wdata_mem_o = mem_acc.wdata; wait(grant_per_q); memory_transfers.put(mem_acc); end end initial begin stall_mem_t mem_acc; while(1) begin memory_transfers.get(mem_acc); wait(rvalid_per_q == 1'b1); @(negedge clk_i); mem_acc.rdata = rdata_mem_i; core_resps.put(mem_acc); end end `endif endmodule A headrest positioning system for automatically adjusting the position of a headrest of a vehicle seat. The headrest can be a power headrest that is part of a power seat system, where the position of the headrest can be preset by a seat occupant with the other positions of the seat in a memory function....http://www.google.com/patents/US20060250016?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20060250016 - Automatically adjusting head restraint system A headrest positioning system for automatically adjusting the position of a headrest of a vehicle seat. The headrest can be a power headrest that is part of a power seat system, where the position of the headrest can be preset by a seat occupant with the other positions of the seat in a memory function. The system includes a seat occupant sensing system that senses the position of the seat occupant's head, eyes or other facial features to determine a desired position of the headrest. The system compares the actual position of the headrest to the desired position, and automatically adjusts the position of the headrest to the desired position. In one embodiment, an imaging system determines the position of the seat occupant's head. In another embodiment, the system determines the position of seat occupant's eyes based on the position of the driver side mirror. Images(7) Claims(22) 1. A headrest positioning system for automatically positioning a headrest of a vehicle seat, said system comprising: a headrest sensor for detecting the position of the headrest, said headrest sensor generating a headrest position signal indicative of the position of the headrest; a seat occupant detecting sub-

[ 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 21125, 15668, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 39865, 15668, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 4807, 15668, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 8846, 4807, 25, 2548, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 50, 4807, 25, 2548, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 50, 4807, 1237, 2548, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 40731, 50, 15668, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 45, 522, 471, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 20900, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 20900, 40541, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 39596, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 39596, 42102, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 39596, 18157, 42102, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 15219, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 36081, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3886, 39596, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 3886, 20900, 40541, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 3886, 26945, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 2573, 1267, 1042, 6570, 26107, 1194, 1400, 64, 42033, 64, 47128, 64, 6971, 8561, 3027, 9228, 3886, 2807, 187, 187, 12543, 9, 39502, 187, 50276, 11000, 16, 5851, 57, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 3043, 1194, 257, 16, 23963, 16, 19411, 16, 580, 89, 64, 679, 2337, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 2573, 1267, 1042, 6570, 26107, 1194, 1400, 64, 42033, 64, 47128, 64, 6971, 8561, 3027, 9228, 3886, 16, 11000, 2807, 187, 187, 12543, 9, 39502, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 5622, 284, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 5622, 284, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 45, 522, 471, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 45, 522, 471, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 20900, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 20900, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 20900, 17491, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 20900, 17491, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 45, 522, 471, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 45, 522, 471, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 18102, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 18102, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 24391, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 24391, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 15219, 48010, 15, 14161, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 15219, 15, 73, 187, 50276, 4, 2594, 5838, 544, 3886, 38562, 8411, 62, 187, 50276, 27256, 16, 3886, 39596, 29760, 3633, 4531, 15, 17471, 187, 50276, 2573, 1267, 1042, 6570, 26107, 1194, 1400, 64, 42033, 64, 47128, 64, 6971, 8561, 3027, 9228, 3886, 16, 27256, 2807, 187, 8971, 16001, 400, 757, 20740, 187, 187, 510, 49211, 31188, 273, 16001, 27561, 369, 5196, 327, 608, 4397, 6585, 15, 380, 3072, 369, 854, 13, 23735, 13, 25472, 15, 187, 187, 4941, 2490, 187, 1413, 27, 8971, 275, 16001, 27561, 187, 1413, 27, 36, 561, 5123, 275, 16001, 27561, 187, 35, 311, 27561, 16490, 457, 266, 6317, 13677, 187, 187, 1909, 19018, 7038, 10347, 281, 7703, 7379, 8981, 273, 1375, 3639, 275, 4397, 13, 627, 310, 3629, 2312, 275, 253, 1982, 13, 5143, 285, 11358, 273, 557, 4152, 272, 253, 7379, 6757, 323, 19018, 19382, 13, 253, 7379, 38799, 285, 15390, 13677, 13, 285, 35865, 8294, 323, 19018, 19382, 281, 253, 7379, 4855, 5399, 323, 44438, 265, 313, 4037, 41, 1311, 481, 187, 187, 6080, 9059, 7379, 41, 1311, 651, 501, 35189, 253, 19382, 13, 687, 30690, 731, 273, 616, 987, 281, 1091, 281, 616, 9076, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 403, 841, 5697, 1754, 327, 247, 3590, 4685, 273, 5213, 1569, 285, 29302, 3946, 32, 6272, 597, 1754, 327, 247, 1524, 15909, 273, 253, 44143, 273, 7379, 51, 13363, 285, 7379, 41, 1311, 32, 187, 187, 1992, 873, 253, 1924, 4951, 13, 7057, 8924, 266, 3531, 281, 7379, 51, 13363, 18082, 11007, 22222, 1255, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 9125, 326, 604, 7379, 51, 13363, 369, 557, 4152, 264, 285, 8294, 323, 19018, 19382, 14048, 689, 281, 7379, 41, 1311, 597, 651, 320, 501, 3592, 1070, 562, 273, 5143, 285, 1918, 598, 253, 987, 273, 1091, 15, 1680, 436, 253, 1083, 285, 604, 417, 13, 752, 651, 7379, 41, 1311, 457, 84, 2554, 320, 32, 187, 187, 48182, 1255, 27, 831, 310, 417, 253, 1083, 15, 29313, 19382, 403, 7429, 281, 247, 816, 285, 21692, 2900, 281, 616, 47142, 15, 831, 2900, 651, 5556, 595, 320, 6786, 407, 253, 4676, 285, 3569, 14142, 275, 253, 3634, 273, 247, 31740, 6452, 273, 253, 13389, 14, 16281, 383, 34923, 7344, 13, 285, 1364, 320, 275, 8956, 342, 7379, 30285, 285, 5213, 1569, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 943, 671, 320, 17610, 534, 2097, 25021, 253, 19382, 15, 1707, 310, 642, 15785, 281, 3916, 326, 253, 29313, 29302, 2523, 476, 320, 9713, 407, 27090, 8294, 323, 29313, 19382, 432, 7379, 51, 13363, 281, 1529, 6757, 15, 187, 187, 7845, 3877, 767, 1774, 15985, 1832, 15, 3973, 13, 7379, 51, 13363, 285, 7379, 41, 1311, 789, 281, 5799, 44143, 13, 15942, 285, 4320, 14308, 13, 3672, 273, 4254, 13, 15942, 34759, 285, 39934, 13225, 15, 2752, 6128, 403, 5185, 342, 841, 42060, 285, 943, 417, 320, 1239, 281, 5467, 390, 16084, 1480, 17668, 875, 253, 767, 11009, 390, 616, 29302, 14308, 15, 13771, 13, 309, 943, 320, 7192, 281, 3812, 327, 253, 6096, 18702, 285, 1846, 12342, 326, 762, 9852, 253, 638, 916, 84, 3732, 407, 7379, 51, 13363, 285, 7379, 41, 1311, 275, 616, 6031, 281, 10073, 285, 4017, 19382, 275, 616, 9056, 3672, 273, 8294, 15, 187, 187, 10951, 13, 7379, 51, 13363, 310, 417, 275, 247, 1899, 281, 3984, 323, 7379, 41, 1311, 285, 1057, 417, 1460, 631, 281, 3984, 323, 7379, 41, 1311, 15, 1723, 13, 6128, 281, 634, 3533, 2430, 3806, 281, 7177, 326, 403, 9269, 327, 7379, 41, 1311, 457, 84, 4422, 285, 403, 2130, 281, 253, 1345, 15, 2752, 6128, 403, 1754, 327, 7379, 51, 13363, 457, 84, 4685, 273, 253, 8342, 4495, 273, 841, 7177, 347, 973, 347, 253, 13677, 8924, 84, 1211, 24540, 273, 697, 7517, 285, 697, 3640, 273, 253, 985, 273, 5213, 1569, 285, 3946, 326, 1809, 253, 6055, 273, 19382, 21349, 15, 187, 187, 20768, 1752, 1428, 9241, 285, 3946, 1108, 347, 973, 347, 34759, 327, 253, 3216, 428, 4518, 1275, 1137, 253, 4154, 326, 253, 987, 273, 1091, 273, 29313, 19382, 651, 15529, 390, 320, 13966, 604, 7379, 41, 1311, 497, 5506, 323, 841, 19382, 15, 187, 187, 5279, 8007, 273, 5213, 3946, 13, 29302, 9534, 452, 644, 11512, 275, 1264, 8624, 4088, 27, 1980, 9554, 13, 501, 3592, 1338, 275, 2626, 4343, 285, 17610, 1234, 26628, 318, 15, 4683, 841, 13, 253, 17610, 1091, 273, 19382, 281, 616, 2586, 273, 6510, 556, 1705, 281, 320, 25048, 407, 19382, 13, 3054, 285, 5213, 11009, 347, 253, 8654, 2900, 281, 253, 47142, 273, 19382, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 9696, 25048, 326, 323, 19382, 11678, 13, 247, 638, 12380, 323, 5482, 281, 29302, 9534, 310, 253, 6064, 407, 3569, 14142, 273, 253, 6944, 5997, 273, 12027, 285, 7344, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 1127, 310, 1160, 275, 253, 4695, 7379, 41, 1311, 3389, 13, 37319, 14668, 44438, 70, 27817, 12542, 27, 329, 5955, 2929, 5480, 323, 253, 4855, 15605, 457, 84, 17414, 327, 17504, 775, 27584, 265, 15, 2956, 10094, 818, 273, 253, 3389, 40687, 326, 346, 29453, 14668, 29302, 9534, 403, 3798, 3562, 285, 12321, 407, 253, 4433, 281, 11322, 8139, 3910, 275, 247, 19951, 5133, 285, 275, 247, 1039, 326, 23006, 1966, 3570, 449, 187, 187, 4221, 10094, 898, 273, 436, 3389, 4566, 327, 281, 3877, 326, 27, 5749, 20095, 253, 3470, 273, 29302, 6055, 285, 30122, 2250, 13, 12232, 347, 597, 403, 13, 476, 1056, 760, 247, 1077, 16453, 7680, 281, 253, 12212, 285, 6064, 273, 15272, 326, 7206, 70, 952, 281, 3153, 275, 33927, 323, 1048, 9894, 273, 673, 15, 1310, 1110, 16566, 403, 281, 320, 26553, 13, 3569, 588, 285, 3569, 2250, 403, 2424, 327, 253, 629, 273, 3054, 13, 9933, 23617, 285, 4623, 4295, 273, 253, 7379, 985, 13, 1690, 253, 9044, 6456, 285, 4214, 14184, 449, 187, 187, 510, 638, 1664, 281, 253, 7379, 41, 1311, 42958, 327, 6845, 26900, 2719, 26628, 318, 3054, 326, 346, 8625, 26900, 1234, 26628, 318, 310, 3798, 11575, 347, 253, 954, 11408, 1048, 14, 3945, 2900, 407, 253, 19382, 3746, 347, 973, 347, 407, 253, 5213, 3114, 15, 7379, 41, 1311, 8924, 84, 30122, 2250, 275, 20808, 273, 21692, 5482, 281, 253, 29302, 3237, 310, 3103, 19373, 13, 806, 285, 31971, 13, 275, 9796, 273, 17690, 247, 29302, 281, 5763, 253, 987, 281, 1091, 1728, 275, 5252, 285, 342, 24027, 449, 187, 187, 13617, 337, 13, 12494, 721, 273, 253, 7379, 41, 1311, 42958, 3054, 326, 346, 783, 987, 273, 19382, 281, 1091, 281, 616, 2586, 273, 6510, 310, 4751, 25048, 275, 5213, 1569, 15, 380, 21312, 27113, 273, 8801, 12484, 313, 41646, 10, 4232, 275, 3929, 2145, 313, 19, 10, 326, 346, 23631, 556, 253, 987, 281, 3553, 667, 2586, 13, 1690, 521, 1211, 13, 285, 1091, 281, 521, 2586, 449, 3900, 253, 21312, 27113, 273, 8801, 12484, 13, 347, 247, 36347, 273, 253, 4214, 14184, 13, 310, 417, 247, 23848, 10568, 11118, 390, 7578, 13, 352, 5239, 253, 2127, 273, 2589, 285, 11029, 347, 247, 1127, 273, 3806, 323, 512, 10898, 285, 9933, 1966, 3570, 13225, 9674, 8671, 449, 187, 187, 510, 7379, 2775, 51, 42958, 275, 697, 6774, 23168, 5239, 562, 253, 17973, 273, 3054, 285, 273, 7379, 41, 1311, 275, 15233, 253, 987, 273, 1091, 275, 253, 3634, 273, 17610, 1234, 26628, 318, 347, 973, 347, 8667, 13, 15233, 285, 43243, 323, 253, 3570, 273, 19382, 665, 452, 4895, 1728, 15, 187, 187, 18786, 577, 273, 253, 1304, 281, 7379, 41, 1311, 457, 84, 16155, 7039, 273, 5826, 13, 327, 11629, 43309, 3054, 346, 15271, 26900, 1234, 26628, 318, 13, 1980, 9554, 285, 501, 3592, 1338, 403, 253, 5899, 28831, 5482, 285, 21938, 512, 3464, 16571, 285, 1774, 6128, 281, 29302, 9534, 16352, 346, 8625, 26900, 1234, 26628, 318, 13, 275, 5252, 285, 24027, 13, 835, 285, 672, 17887, 13, 4558, 253, 954, 9013, 2900, 275, 253, 5020, 273, 29302, 9534, 16352, 247, 5019, 273, 5482, 13, 3192, 715, 2395, 253, 2173, 5989, 273, 1016, 29302, 4112, 13, 476, 1361, 17170, 1048, 21692, 5482, 449, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 2223, 753, 326, 7379, 51, 13363, 14549, 21094, 253, 19018, 29302, 1895, 407, 18028, 29302, 3708, 949, 253, 14649, 285, 326, 35865, 253, 19382, 689, 281, 7379, 41, 1311, 651, 417, 1581, 436, 15, 1680, 436, 253, 1083, 32, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 417, 253, 1083, 15, 1284, 309, 452, 2168, 4879, 13, 29313, 19382, 403, 7429, 281, 247, 816, 285, 21692, 2900, 281, 616, 47142, 15, 496, 253, 5928, 273, 1969, 285, 13910, 253, 1524, 5837, 273, 1969, 824, 247, 2900, 13, 352, 9572, 281, 1921, 326, 616, 3708, 347, 19382, 588, 3464, 15, 187, 187, 47595, 5439, 670, 253, 8136, 273, 29302, 3708, 949, 14649, 8424, 432, 247, 3480, 273, 4685, 273, 253, 5213, 6055, 9459, 15, 2053, 3533, 5752, 760, 281, 36815, 432, 253, 878, 281, 2953, 253, 1524, 4606, 323, 253, 3861, 14668, 19018, 29302, 4112, 13, 10775, 253, 5928, 273, 31740, 2900, 281, 253, 6944, 3569, 3374, 15, 187, 187, 4037, 41, 1311, 8924, 84, 42958, 327, 49339, 285, 39554, 323, 8925, 44438, 70, 20364, 3400, 275, 12494, 25921, 27, 346, 2042, 253, 1481, 273, 247, 2021, 16382, 253, 6866, 273, 253, 5426, 13, 544, 1542, 29302, 3708, 62, 521, 3469, 1103, 403, 9403, 7169, 29302, 3708, 2556, 281, 253, 8063, 273, 2021, 16167, 449, 187, 187, 688, 1055, 13, 29302, 5870, 11678, 13280, 616, 3708, 347, 19382, 1919, 597, 2965, 1561, 253, 2426, 273, 247, 32822, 13604, 390, 403, 2104, 281, 1961, 3746, 273, 581, 273, 1264, 28831, 5482, 2168, 5393, 1969, 17610, 1234, 26628, 318, 13, 1980, 9554, 390, 501, 3592, 1338, 275, 247, 2626, 2586, 15, 187, 187, 9917, 13, 10372, 608, 273, 253, 7379, 41, 1311, 9311, 13, 37611, 1546, 27761, 323, 44438, 70, 20364, 48893, 762, 7379, 41, 1311, 457, 84, 18150, 366, 310, 1077, 2590, 326, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 29302, 457, 84, 987, 281, 2021, 16167, 13, 29302, 3708, 310, 9495, 949, 253, 14649, 15, 4794, 281, 10372, 608, 15, 18, 15, 19, 346, 783, 9050, 273, 7732, 665, 943, 320, 2783, 281, 320, 13410, 323, 4309, 3708 ]

THGenerateFloatTypes.h THGenerateComplexTypes.h THGenerateIntTypes.h THGenerateQUInt8Type.h THGenerateQInt8Type.h THGenerateQInt32Type.h THGenerateQTypes.h THLapack.h THStorage.h THStorageFunctions.h THTensor.h THTensorApply.h THTensorDimApply.h THVector.h THHalf.h THTensor.hpp THStorageFunctions.hpp THGenerator.hpp DESTINATION "${ATEN_INSTALL_INCLUDE_SUBDIR}/TH") install(FILES vector/AVX.h ../ATen/native/cpu/avx_mathfun.h DESTINATION "${ATEN_INSTALL_INCLUDE_SUBDIR}/TH/vector") install(FILES generic/THBlas.cpp generic/THBlas.h generic/THLapack.cpp generic/THLapack.h generic/THStorage.cpp generic/THStorage.h generic/THStorageCopy.cpp generic/THStorageCopy.h generic/THTensor.cpp generic/THTensor.h generic/THTensor.hpp generic/THTensorLapack.cpp generic/THTensorLapack.h generic/THTensorMath.cpp generic/THTensorMath.h generic/THTensorRandom.cpp generic/THTensorRandom.h generic/THVectorDispatch.cpp generic/THVector.h # See Note [TH abstraction violation] generic/THTensorFastGetSet.hpp DESTINATION "${ATEN_INSTALL_INCLUDE_SUBDIR}/TH/generic") 2001 Bolivian census The Tenth Census of Bolivia was conducted on 5 September 2001. The population was 8,274,325. References Category:2001 in Bolivia Category:Censuses in Bolivia BoliviaMa’an News Agency As Palestinian leaders prepare to seek UN recognition of statehood in September, there is increasing talk in the US, Israel and elsewhere of disbanding the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, the UN Relief and Works Agency, and handing responsibility for Palestinian refugees to the UN High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). Some argue UNHCR would resettle the refugees, robbing them of their right to return to their homes. But are these ideas based on a sound understanding of international law and refugee practice? Are they based on a real grasp of the mandates of UNRWA and UNHCR? To set the record straight, Ma‘an turned to UNRWA spokesman Chris Gunness. It is argued that if UNRWA was disbanded and responsibility for Palestinian refugees handed over to UNHCR they would be resettled out of Israel and give up the right of return. Is this the case and if not, what would UNHCR’s role be? Gunness: This is not the case. Palestine refugees are entitled to a just and lasting solution to their plight. This solution would optimally be achieved by the parties and political actors in the context of a negotiated conclusion of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and must be in accordance with UN resolutions and international law. It should also be voluntary which means consulting the refugees. There is no merit to claims that the Palestine refugee issue can be addressed by transferring responsibility for Palestine refugees from UNRWA to another agency. Please note two important caveats. First, UNRWA and UNHCR work to distinct mandates, operational and legal definitions, areas of operation, operational realities and constitutive instruments. My responses are consistent with these distinctions and should not be read to assume or imply direct correspondence between the two agencies or their refugee definitions. Rather, I should be understood to draw on the shared premises and common concepts that underpin the precepts applied by UNRWA and UNHCR in their efforts to assist and protect refugees in their respective areas of responsibility. Second, UNRWA is not in a position to speak for UNHCR and does not purport to speak for UNHCR. However, responses to your questions require reference to documents that are posted on UNHCR’s website and are available to the public. My responses are based on UNRWA’s understanding of the plain meaning of these documents as well as the Agency‘s own appreciation of its mission and its knowledge of the system of international law and practice that govern the protection of refugees globally. Established principles and practice – as well as realities on the ground - clearly refute the argument that the right of return of Palestine refugees would disappear or be abandoned if UNHCR were responsible for these refugees. Over decades of international practice, refugee situations have been resolved in three principal ways: local integration, resettlement in third countries and voluntary repatriation. Of these, the voluntary return of refugees to their country of origin has come to be recognised by refugees, states and international agencies as the optimal solution to the plight of refugees. It is equally recognised that for refugees everywhere, a precondition for solutions to refugee situations is the resolution by political actors of the underlying causes of dispute and conflict. This point is made in the 2008 UNHCR document, Protracted Refugee Situations: A discussion paper prepared for the High Commissioner’s dialogue on Protection Challenges. Paragraph 7 of the document observes that "Protracted refugee situations are usually created and sustained by the failure to resolve … differences in a peaceful manner and in a way that respects human rights." Paragraph 9 of this document goes on to note that: "[…] the functions of refugee protection and humanitarian action, vital as they are, can make only a very modest contribution to the prevention and resolution of conflicts that oblige people to live in exile for long periods of time. If those objectives are to be attained, political will and political action are required on the part of states, regional organisations and relevant components of the UN system, including the Security Council and General Assembly." The preface to the UNHCR Handbook on Voluntary Repatriation states that "voluntary repatriation is usually viewed as the most desirable long-term solution by the refugees themselves as well as by the international community. UNHCR‘s humanitarian action in pursuit of lasting solutions to the refugee problems is therefore oriented, first and foremost, in favour of enabling a refugee to exercise the right to return home in safety and with dignity." Chapter 1, paragraph 6 of the UNHCR Handbook states that "the right of refugees to return to their country of origin is fully recognised in international law. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) established in article 13 (2) that "Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and return to his country." While the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, as a Resolution of the General Assembly, is not a treaty requiring signature or consent, it sets the code of conduct and serves as a point of reference for all universal and regional human rights instruments subsequently adopted." The UNCHR Handbook in its subsequent chapters sets out the obligations of states and of UNHCR in protecting the right of return in the context of voluntary repatriation as well as monitoring, protecting and advocating for the rights of refugees who have returned home. Conclusion 4 of the report to UNHCR’s Executive Committee of 2005, on Local Integration states "Voluntary repatriation, local integration and resettlement are the traditional durable solutions and […] all remain viable and important responses to refugee situations;" "voluntary repatriation, in safety and dignity, where and when feasible, remains the most preferred solution in the majority of refugee situations;" a combination of solutions, taking into account the specific circumstances of each refugee situation, can help achieving long lasting solutions." It is often said that UNRWA perpetuates the Palestinian refugee problem by granting refugee status through the generations and that handing the refugees over to UNHCR would not allow this. Is this the case? This is not the case. As I have already noted, Palestine refugees are entitled to a just and lasting solution to their plight. In the absence of -- and pending the realisation of -- such a solution, it stands to reason that their status as refugees will remain. Questions raised about the passing of refugee status through generations stem from a lack of understanding of the international protection regime. These questions serve only to distract from the need to address the real reasons for the protracted Palestinian refugee situation, namely the absence of negotiated solution to the underlying political issues. UNHCR‘s Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for determining Refugee Status provides in paragraph 184: "If the head of a family meets the criteria of the definition, [for refugee status] his dependants are normally granted refugee status according to the principle of family unity." In effect, refugee families everywhere retain their status as refugees until they fall within the terms of a cessation clause or are able to avail themselves of one of three durable solutions already mentioned -- voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement in a third country. Also, Chapter 5 of the UNHCR publication, Procedural Standards for Refugee Status Determination under UNHCR’s Mandate is very clear that in accordance with the refugee’s right to family unity, refugee status is transferred through the generations. According to Chapter 5.1.2 "the categories of persons who should be considered to be eligible for derivative status

[ 19, 18103, 310, 247, 19972, 851, 974, 273, 669, 4153, 4932, 18, 13, 17, 14411, 79, 12, 18, 13, 79, 12, 18, 4244, 627, 4961, 253, 32866, 6425, 9538, 3711, 7010, 5577, 92, 74, 2026, 8683, 17168, 8683, 578, 79, 12, 19, 3713, 2733, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 79, 12, 18, 889, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 18, 2023, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 19, 8395, 18637, 61, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 41780, 4153, 4932, 18, 13, 17, 29591, 2733, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 79, 12, 18, 2023, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 187, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 43742, 689, 370, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 889, 3181, 367, 5, 2330, 281, 370, 74, 578, 79, 12, 18, 1990, 8683, 3363, 380, 2460, 310, 17007, 407, 669, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3363, 5488, 13, 669, 5577, 92, 74, 2026, 8683, 724, 14757, 253, 13204, 3711, 1764, 5577, 92, 35, 94, 8048, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 187, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3080, 18637, 61, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 187, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 2138, 10985, 253, 11250, 669, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 889, 4287, 61, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 28185, 187, 187, 22229, 74, 10, 380, 9538, 3711, 669, 5577, 92, 74, 2026, 8683, 724, 310, 247, 32866, 19945, 15, 187, 187, 22229, 2886, 10, 380, 13040, 3711, 1890, 53, 1035, 5577, 92, 35, 3117, 27, 53, 61, 1274, 9, 50276, 61, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3080, 918, 10, 50276, 61, 18637, 308, 61, 1274, 9, 50276, 61, 8752, 187, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 889, 918, 11189, 310, 247, 32866, 19945, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 370, 8683, 9, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 6580, 575, 3354, 1584, 253, 2264, 2317, 273, 253, 8624, 13204, 689, 370, 49, 5, 2330, 281, 370, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 3303, 3692, 9538, 310, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 3822, 1281, 3019, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 8717, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 1009, 320, 253, 659, 2778, 293, 16751, 15, 11680, 253, 3626, 5231, 273, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1009, 327, 370, 8683, 9, 12261, 61, 11613, 187, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 6580, 575, 4064, 253, 987, 14, 4608, 1930, 285, 327, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 19, 1009, 575, 10489, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 18, 724, 575, 4064, 253, 1669, 14, 4608, 1930, 13, 285, 253, 3626, 5231, 273, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1009, 327, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 19, 1009, 575, 10489, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 18, 724, 575, 4064, 253, 987, 14, 4608, 1930, 285, 327, 3019, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 8717, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 1009, 432, 253, 1669, 14, 4608, 1930, 2975, 15, 2635, 359, 476, 3890, 347, 7010, 2043, 92, 2132, 94, 187, 61, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 94, 50276, 7, 50276, 30, 8683, 9, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 8395, 30884, 92, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 15734, 3181, 94, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 19, 17108, 187, 7, 50276, 61, 1156, 92, 393, 393, 393, 393, 393, 393, 393, 393, 11153, 30884, 92, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 15734, 3181, 1603, 9, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 187, 38, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 8717, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 5029, 61, 423, 92, 2132, 2138, 15108, 1419, 253, 26860, 2317, 370, 8683, 9, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 94, 1933, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 1009, 575, 3113, 370, 49, 1352, 2635, 359, 452, 253, 12378, 370, 1087, 578, 49, 1990, 8683, 94, 8048, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 889, 4287, 187, 49, 5, 575, 1615, 37264, 253, 4445, 370, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 19, 1572, 30884, 92, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 15734, 3181, 1603, 9, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 8717, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 44418, 17007, 407, 669, 5577, 92, 71, 3303, 534, 310, 253, 15516, 9538, 273, 370, 1087, 578, 49, 1990, 8683, 3363, 1281, 370, 1087, 578, 52, 768, 79, 12, 18, 16052, 5577, 6394, 71, 6092, 8048, 5577, 92, 71, 889, 4287, 8717, 9, 79, 12, 19, 1933, 8683, 9, 79, 12, 18, 4010, 52, 768, 79, 12, 18, 724, 320, 253, 12378, 37264, 253, 4445, 3019, 8683, 1035, 437, 1572, 3181, 444, 578, 79, 12, 18, 8395, 27054, 187, 8683, 9, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 3822, 3932, 253, 1390, 2317, 310, 9722, 437, 14, 18, 16550, 14063, 11227, 9, 1087, 578, 52, 768, 79, 12, 18, 16052, 5577, 92, 71, 12104, 1126, 505, 94, 8048, 2059, 578, 74, 3713, 5577, 92, 71, 8395, 4287, 61, 2059, 187, 578, 74, 1603, 52, 768, 79, 12, 18, 43742, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 11380, 437, 1352, 7757, 13, 359, 452, 253, 1563, 18057, 15, 187, 187, 510, 33662, 3019, 1087, 578, 49, 1990, 8683, 2311, 1126, 505, 94, 8048, 2059, 578, 74, 3713, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 8395, 4287, 61, 2059, 578, 74, 1603, 49, 1009, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 29, 79, 12, 18, 5, 285, 310, 271, 2563, 303, 28506, 323, 370, 74, 30, 79, 12, 18, 1352, 187, 187, 1466, 441, 4853, 247, 13204, 3711, 7010, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 1588, 92, 53, 599, 27, 1035, 2059, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 76, 47402, 505, 3713, 2733, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 79, 12, 18, 2311, 34813, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3080, 18637, 26029, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 2138, 347, 3637, 15, 844, 9173, 271, 3284, 273, 669, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 724, 285, 9722, 2059, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 76, 47402, 505, 3713, 2733, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 79, 12, 18, 2311, 34813, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 4018, 407, 9793, 66, 13, 90, 13, 73, 8795, 575, 395, 407, 9793, 66, 13, 90, 13, 73, 1337, 2407, 92, 87, 45114, 2975, 13, 835, 370, 66, 61, 249, 443, 578, 79, 12, 18, 3303, 370, 90, 61, 249, 367, 1366, 669, 2407, 92, 87, 61, 249, 94, 66, 5, 575, 395, 370, 73, 27, 66, 61, 4287, 308, 578, 90, 94, 49, 61, 11613, 61, 1991, 92, 51, 724, 575, 261, 271, 20169, 24279, 38730, 285, 22429, 15, 2635, 359, 873, 669, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 1588, 92, 53, 4935, 60, 66, 13, 90, 13, 73, 1337, 2407, 92, 87, 62, 32845, 73, 1035, 2407, 92, 87, 28185, 575, 1466, 441, 1908, 253, 14916, 1320, 3019, 85, 578, 49, 889, 11613, 2654, 578, 49, 889, 3181, 61, 1991, 92, 51, 8395, 5574, 9, 301, 578, 12261, 889, 11613, 61, 2407, 92, 76, 2026, 49, 4799, 2135, 3549, 94, 2262, 12261, 61, 11613, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 18, 889, 11613, 61, 3023, 187, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 889, 4287, 61, 4519, 578, 49, 1990, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 3363, 2896, 1008, 39, 744, 52, 3922, 11506, 495, 15, 20, 1092, 627, 4961, 247, 13204, 3711, 7010, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 94, 8048, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 187, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 3080, 4287, 61, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 2138, 824, 326, 3019, 85, 578, 49, 889, 11613, 2654, 578, 49, 889, 3181, 61, 1991, 92, 51, 8395, 5574, 9, 301, 578, 12261, 889, 11613, 187, 61, 2407, 92, 76, 2026, 49, 4799, 2135, 3549, 8395, 5574, 1035, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 1588, 92, 53, 3080, 11613, 61, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 187, 8395, 5574, 246, 1126, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 17125, 34813, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 4018, 575, 261, 27999, 6361, 281, 370, 1087, 578, 49, 1990, 8683, 889, 3181, 2654, 1126, 1991, 92, 51, 1990, 79, 2766, 437, 12, 18, 11971, 2635, 359, 452, 253, 1563, 18057, 15, 187, 187, 510, 33662, 5802, 432, 253, 13040, 3711, 273, 669, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 724, 1890, 53, 1035, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 2311, 1126, 505, 94, 8048, 2059, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 8752, 464, 2733, 187, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 27927, 918, 10, 187, 61, 18637, 61, 2059, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 918, 11189, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 29, 79, 12, 18, 5, 285, 310, 271, 2563, 303, 28506, 323, 370, 74, 30, 79, 12, 18, 1352, 187, 187, 3463, 8755, 721, 15, 19, 13, 313, 23, 15, 19, 582, 1008, 52, 4904, 1194, 5238, 608, 13, 898, 6899, 62, 285, 253, 13040, 1680, 11923, 6899, 11227, 53, 1035, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 2311, 1126, 505, 17168, 41, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 8752, 464, 2733, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 27927, 918, 10, 187, 61, 18637, 388, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 918, 11189, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 29, 79, 12, 18, 5, 285, 310, 271, 2563, 303, 28506, 323, 370, 74, 30, 79, 12, 18, 1352, 3932, 370, 53, 9, 1035, 2059, 578, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 9496, 76, 47402, 505, 3713, 8752, 464, 2733, 2026, 40, 578, 79, 12, 18, 16052, 437, 2311, 34813, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 16996, 285, 370, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 6580, 403, 3365, 4802, 13, 352, 3637, 432, 253, 388, 459, 24116, 91, 1680, 11923, 6899, 326, 1890, 53, 1035, 2407, 92, 67, 4689, 3023, 2311, 1126, 505, 94, 8048, 2059, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 8752, 464, 2733, 187, 4689, 5664, 464, 4153, 2026, 79, 12, 18, 8814, 18, 13, 17, 10, 16052, 437, 8589, 1126, 2407, 92, 8683, 2026, 79, 12, 19, 27927, 918, 10, 187, 61, 18637, 61, 2059, 578, 74, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 50276, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 918, 11189, 310, 271, 20169, 323, 370, 74, 29, 79, 12, 18, 5, 285, 310, 271, 2563, 303, 28506, 323, 370, 74, 30, 79, 12, 18, 1352, 187, 187, 7130, 281, 1008, 52, 4904, 37, 780, 1092, 1339, 10809, 52, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 2023, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 724, 9173, 253, 873, 273, 322, 14, 12856, 302, 1938, 5971, 273, 322, 14, 23226, 370, 52, 768, 74, 889, 12707, 322, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 889, 4287, 187, 52, 768, 74, 889, 12707, 308, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 6580, 3019, 92, 74, 889, 5090, 17, 3822, 743, 3284, 273, 10809, 52, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 2023, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 724, 6607, 407, 247, 3711, 669, 1637, 27, 52, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 889, 4287, 187, 52, 768, 74, 889, 12707, 308, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 6580, 310, 3542, 347, 25352, 1637, 19562, 3932, 669, 437, 61, 1266, 295, 1366, 10809, 52, 768, 79, 2766, 437, 2023, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437, 8395, 724, 310, 25783, 281, 669, 2059, 578, 79, 2766, 437, 889, 1274, 9, 187, 53, 1035, 3023, 578, 49, 4799, 437 ]

2))$ is a deformation retract of $\Omega^{(1,0)}(n+1,n+1)$, there exists the homotopy equivalent fiber map$$\mathfrak{i}_{SO}:SO_{n+2}(\gamma_{G_{n+1}}^{n+1}\oplus\varepsilon_{G_{n+1}}^{1},TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{2})\longrightarrow\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}=\Omega^{(1,0)}(\gamma_{G_{n+1}}^{n+1},TP\oplus\varepsilon _{P}^{1})$$ over $G_{n+1}\times P$ associated to $i_{n+1}^{SO}$. The image is denoted by $\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}$. Furthermore, $\mathfrak{i}_{SO}$ induces the bundle map $$\mathfrak{B}:\widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell }|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}\longrightarrow\widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega }_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}$$ covering the inclusion $\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}\rightarrow\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}$. \(i) The fiber map $\mathfrak{i}_{SO}$ is a homotopy equivalence. \(ii) The Thom map$$T(\mathfrak{B)}:T\left( \widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}\right) \longrightarrow T\left( \widehat {\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}\right)$$ is a homotopy equivalence. Let $SO(TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1})$ denote the total space of the principal bundle over $P$ associated to $TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1}$, whose fiber is $SO(n+1)$. Let $(SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1)$ be the Stiefel manifold. Consider the natural actions of $SO(n+1)$ on $SO(TP\oplus \varepsilon_{P}^{1})$ from the right-hand side and on $SO(n+2)$ through $SO(n+1)\times E_{1}$ from the left-hand side, and the natural actions of $SO(n+1)$ on $SO(n+2)$ through $SO(n+1)\times E_{1}$ from the right-hand side and on $(SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1)$ from the left-hand side respectively. Then we can express as$$\begin{aligned} \mathbf{SO}_{n+2} & =SO(TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1})\underset{SO(n+1)}{\times}SO(n+2)\\ & \text{ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\underset{SO(n+1)}{\times}((SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1)).\end{aligned}$$ Identify the quotient space $SO(TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1})/SO(n+1)$ with $P$. Then we have the projection $pr_{P}^{SO}:\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}\rightarrow P$ by forgetting the component $SO(n+2)\underset{SO(n+1)}{\times}((SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1))$, denoted by $\mathfrak{f}$, which is the canonical fiber of $pr_{P}^{SO}$. Let $pr_{S^{n+1}}^{\mathfrak{{f}}}:\mathfrak{f}\rightarrow SO(n+2)/SO(n+1)=S^{n+1}$ be the projection forgetting the component $(SO(\ell)\times E_{n+1})\backslash SO(n+\ell+1)$. Since the last space is $(\ell-1)$-connected,$$(pr_{S^{n+1}}^{\mathfrak{f}})_{\ast}:\pi_{i}(\mathfrak{f})\rightarrow\pi _{i}(S^{n+1})$$ is an isomorphism for $i<\ell$. Hence, we have the following lemma. The homomorphism $(pr_{P}^{SO})_{\ast}:\pi_{i}(\mathbf{SO}_{n+2})\rightarrow\pi_{i}(P)$ is an isomorphism for $i<n+1$ and is an epimorphism for $i=n+1$. Let us define a bundle map$$\mathbf{b}_{\mathcal{T}}:(\pi_{G_{n+1}}^{k})^{\ast}(\gamma_{G_{n+1}}^{n+1})|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}\longrightarrow TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1}$$ as follows. We denote an element of $\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}$ and $(\pi_{G_{n+1}}^{k})^{\ast}(\gamma_{G_{n+1}}^{n+1})|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}$ by $[a,y,h]$ and by $[a,y,h,\mathbf{v]}$ respectively, where $a\in G_{n+1}$, $y\in P$, $\mathbf{v\in}a$ and $h:a\rightarrow T_{y}P\oplus\mathbb{R}$ is an isomorphism preserving orientations and norms. Then we set $\mathbf{b}_{\mathcal{T}}([a,y,h,\mathbf{v])}=h(\mathbf{v)}$. Let us consider the trivialization $(t_{P}\oplus id_{P}\times\mathbb{R})\circ(id_{TP}\oplus\mathbf{k}_{P}^{\backsim}):TP\oplus\varepsilon_{P}^{1}\oplus\nu _{P}^{\ell}\rightarrow\varepsilon_{P}^{n+\ell+1}$. By [@FoldSurg Proposition 3.3], there exists a bundle map$$\mathbf{b}_{\nu}:\widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell }|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}\rightarrow\nu_{P}^{\ell}$$ such that $(t_{P}\oplus id_{P}\times\mathbb{R})\circ(id_{TP}\oplus \mathbf{k}_{P}^{\backsim})\circ(\mathbf{b}_{\mathcal{T}}\oplus\mathbf{b}_{\nu })\circ t_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}}$ is homotopic to $pr_{P}^{SO}\times id_{\mathbb{R}^{n+\ell+1}}$. Then we have the following lemma. The homomorphism induced from the Thom map of $\mathbf{b}_{\nu}$$$T(\mathbf{b}_{\nu})_{\ast}:\pi_{i+\ell}\left( T(\widehat{\gamma }_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}})\right) \longrightarrow\pi_{i+\ell}\left( T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\right)$$ is an isomorphism for $i<n+1$ and is an epimorphism for $i=n+1$. By Lemma 6.2, (6.2), [@SpaAT Section 5, 9 Theorem] and the Thom Isomorphism Theorem,$$T(\mathbf{b}_{\nu})_{\ast}:H_{i+\ell}\left( T(\widehat{\gamma}_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}})\right) \longrightarrow H_{i+\ell}\left( T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\right)$$ is an isomorphism for $i<n+1$ and is an epimorphism for $i=n+1$. Since $T((\pi_{G_{n+1}}^{k})^{\ast}(\widehat{\gamma}_{G_{n+1}}^{\ell})|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}})$ and $T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})$ are simply connected, it follows from the Hurewicz Isomorphism Theorem that$$T(\mathbf{b}_{\nu})_{\ast}:\pi_{i+\ell}\left( T(\widehat{\gamma }_{\boldsymbol{\Omega}_{n+1}^{(1,0)}}^{\ell}|_{\mathbf{SO}_{n+2}})\right) \longrightarrow\pi_{i+\ell}\left( T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\right)$$ is an isomorphism for $i<n+1$ and is an epimorphism for $i=n+1$. According to [@SpaDual], let $\{S^{n+\ell},T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\}$ denote the set of S-homotopy classes of S-maps $S^{i}\wedge S^{n+\ell}\rightarrow S^{i}\wedge T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})$ $({i}\geq0)$. An element of $\{S^{n+\ell},T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\}$ represented by a map $\alpha:S^{n+\ell}\rightarrow S^{i}\wedge T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})$ is written as $\{\alpha\}$. Since $\ell\gg n$, $\{S^{n+\ell},T(\nu_{P}^{\ell})\}$ is isomorphic to $\pi_{n+\ell}\left( T(\nu_{P}^{\ell

[ 312, 1405, 13065, 9226, 298, 766, 76, 413, 9226, 2963, 382, 312, 8727, 13, 3371, 6077, 42454, 770, 1392, 75, 4002, 619, 17685, 3024, 21964, 34715, 24439, 468, 461, 70, 14899, 45588, 6362, 13, 327, 340, 661, 750, 797, 4631, 31923, 396, 13, 20463, 11895, 81, 647, 335, 1550, 15175, 69, 1392, 2649, 2381, 22616, 18889, 347, 757, 1906, 76, 39198, 28574, 1282, 34715, 24439, 375, 522, 86, 311, 1866, 42454, 11889, 35926, 48238, 11889, 2563, 12271, 284, 522, 404, 251, 27082, 12198, 442, 5616, 885, 257, 15, 427, 44885, 465, 8627, 90, 661, 292, 13, 465, 10284, 465, 36021, 461, 2585, 74, 249, 13, 23382, 826, 324, 46848, 347, 292, 38334, 313, 38, 58, 10, 427, 27, 80, 337, 16, 9755, 13, 35978, 335, 8962, 255, 16288, 1135, 8500, 2804, 41245, 355, 16189, 15, 187, 40531, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 465, 47796, 261, 6077, 11895, 81, 647, 2788, 90, 4742, 261, 408, 1392, 1616, 76, 2610, 6077, 11895, 81, 647, 335, 1550, 15175, 69, 6841, 79, 2381, 620, 1392, 22616, 8483, 1392, 13401, 8429, 13077, 5738, 2827, 74, 34715, 24439, 375, 522, 86, 311, 1866, 42454, 885, 257, 3273, 303, 47578, 522, 404, 3508, 15, 15753, 249, 43681, 358, 14899, 8919, 13401, 10839, 788, 442, 20852, 5781, 15, 3189, 301, 6841, 327, 45641, 770, 2623, 258, 2804, 284, 86, 28993, 48931, 13, 23382, 8429, 44080, 1405, 1616, 5914, 1238, 257, 45641, 565, 16189, 15, 187, 44, 86, 1657, 24418, 856, 84, 405, 14302, 618, 46848, 11329, 6169, 44918, 27735, 66, 13, 25685, 39402, 28574, 248, 2188, 6841, 619, 17685, 442, 13401, 1392, 347, 900, 5741, 27, 281, 29197, 465, 19014, 6753, 22289, 288, 2966, 255, 37720, 6362, 461, 90, 17685, 465, 36021, 303, 1392, 9608, 1392, 14899, 12662, 66, 327, 352, 339, 347, 74, 25445, 13953, 84, 307, 2177, 553, 24821, 375, 1914, 247, 1479, 3230, 15, 26096, 75, 666, 8729, 30287, 311, 936, 45079, 465, 335, 29662, 75, 4002, 1465, 8498, 246, 9608, 413, 29074, 27, 22616, 23732, 10709, 42089, 37364, 41245, 8729, 26535, 302, 3592, 580, 86, 41245, 21814, 571, 13, 13460, 266, 44918, 4927, 22516, 13, 20463, 37720, 75, 666, 77, 1945, 307, 45079, 3387, 5847, 290, 85, 571, 1125, 251, 7005, 382, 312, 11889, 465, 536, 8440, 1886, 461, 1136, 24339, 8727, 15, 4009, 262, 3592, 580, 41376, 4172, 5265, 360, 1595, 297, 1914, 37720, 6362, 13431, 22289, 821, 7373, 24339, 571, 11895, 4904, 6077, 821, 16853, 307, 3592, 10441, 257, 37720, 6362, 13431, 22289, 30687, 6678, 419, 40426, 47476, 1407, 4415, 257, 48938, 1218, 5309, 262, 24339, 292, 13, 278, 2788, 16189, 26535, 3592, 9821, 45844, 375, 1914, 8729, 716, 3696, 26307, 246, 2880, 13511, 257, 1218, 75, 455, 14899, 618, 255, 580, 86, 316, 15, 530, 438, 382, 24339, 437, 312, 1405, 7239, 902, 21964, 4927, 22516, 1331, 2902, 266, 4172, 5265, 360, 1595, 297, 4002, 37720, 6362, 13431, 4002, 22865, 42225, 268, 15175, 19089, 45844, 21221, 249, 8729, 716, 3696, 13401, 249, 246, 2880, 80, 6356, 249, 8729, 1144, 18453, 21964, 396, 13, 20463, 425, 18253, 75, 1464, 266, 1616, 76, 2610, 300, 893, 12910, 6077, 13, 1484, 438, 358, 78, 6077, 27082, 1767, 6841, 79, 2381, 408, 1392, 15, 1023, 3371, 384, 5781, 826, 324, 2788, 4530, 1301, 74, 249, 37720, 75, 666, 17183, 652, 4113, 23187, 8729, 247, 5616, 2059, 249, 12662, 80, 6356, 249, 15, 187, 45, 412, 86, 22516, 13, 441, 32937, 298, 10441, 41376, 13, 20463, 1484, 438, 292, 268, 2338, 442, 292, 45079, 465, 335, 29662, 75, 4002, 994, 36825, 402, 302, 25338, 6710, 15, 31790, 261, 1944, 39198, 246, 580, 27521, 442, 358, 1405, 327, 44044, 12271, 1392, 11895, 81, 647, 5738, 480, 17366, 42686, 782, 76, 2610, 6077, 428, 37720, 75, 666, 8729, 30287, 311, 936, 428, 3371, 6077, 1790, 1392, 327, 362, 21243, 26217, 32, 21894, 1479, 4530, 29168, 531, 86, 5711, 22289, 821, 33542, 1432, 1914, 16288, 484, 455, 14899, 247, 339, 785, 618, 28233, 66, 258, 14797, 362, 1240, 6156, 42454, 770, 1392, 8020, 249, 2336, 83, 1595, 9821, 13, 425, 15307, 382, 11177, 38760, 1218, 400, 536, 4530, 41376, 281, 382, 43166, 30687, 6678, 13, 8729, 4927, 22516, 295, 1767, 22616, 13586, 87, 5741, 2963, 1479, 413, 38334, 13, 31234, 620, 4631, 571, 34715, 303, 24339, 571, 29348, 413, 6148, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 31051, 1031, 1440, 18453, 885, 22516, 13, 355, 18956, 384, 4631, 571, 34715, 303, 24339, 571, 29348, 413, 87, 24968, 43938, 11774, 1392, 5367, 1479, 413, 316, 23456, 24339, 17062, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 10911, 739, 900, 271, 936, 74, 9951, 3319, 3592, 1392, 249, 8729, 480, 20531, 44918, 246, 1657, 70, 3273, 8032, 266, 246, 18453, 6841, 35978, 2788, 5353, 257, 298, 412, 1316, 66, 15, 46942, 437, 28709, 13, 10911, 739, 900, 8729, 2827, 414, 48931, 1054, 328, 340, 661, 24524, 2381, 8311, 13, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 268, 15175, 375, 505, 80, 13, 821, 87, 729, 255, 355, 5781, 1465, 8498, 30287, 1306, 620, 48931, 13, 299, 1479, 1392, 8483, 1392, 13401, 258, 14797, 2563, 1392, 1031, 29045, 76, 21964, 10911, 1538, 268, 15175, 1440, 1392, 21380, 17976, 10120, 383, 1392, 821, 5711, 66, 11895, 81, 647, 316, 15175, 2649, 2381, 46550, 8729, 43938, 384, 90, 1392, 13586, 87, 770, 23096, 249, 281, 23611, 249, 13, 480, 375, 30287, 297, 682, 266, 3371, 262, 28709, 362, 518, 25183, 4172, 14750, 297, 24339, 571, 43579, 8429, 307, 442, 5741, 15, 187, 48, 394, 4175, 12604, 284, 187, 2906, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 549, 5711, 8901, 10911, 1538, 49659, 13, 1465, 87, 12271, 38301, 1851, 255, 13, 258, 5616, 1405, 295, 1767, 35978, 24533, 292, 5796, 29983, 15, 308, 36383, 1392, 402, 962, 261, 5021, 465, 8627, 90, 661, 437, 1392, 8729, 49635, 12271, 2381, 3433, 666, 37821, 18524, 7905, 316, 46848, 271, 893, 66, 6753, 22289, 42454, 770, 1392, 75, 4002, 8729, 268, 1914, 4002, 8729, 465, 36021, 37364, 321, 4002, 28542, 414, 661, 4002, 9951, 6841, 257, 13, 29348, 4530, 10911, 739, 900, 22616, 18889, 25130, 2966, 770, 6841, 1767, 2177, 553, 24821, 375, 1758, 13586, 365, 3194, 74, 30287, 21206, 5503, 246, 21243, 6841, 9951, 1392, 570, 257, 15, 22509, 1657, 78, 11889, 247, 1479, 3230, 546, 26159, 16288, 1479, 413, 66, 6753, 22289, 42454, 770, 1392, 75, 12271, 4164, 785, 261, 43236, 30287, 41385, 8729, 2563, 1392, 87, 1513, 86, 29662, 2563, 12271, 19924, 14, 274, 5711, 261, 17062, 20846, 384, 293, 38334, 821, 33542, 37848, 249, 2336, 83, 1595, 9821, 15, 473, 2804, 438, 437, 14899, 2563, 1392, 87, 1513, 86, 316, 14366, 21037, 249, 1578, 74, 249, 465, 10284, 44918, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 28574, 864, 358, 14899, 268, 850, 257, 1125, 251, 87, 17366, 770, 1392, 75, 1914, 20846, 45846, 312, 1914, 327, 11500, 78, 1914, 21814, 571, 15, 4825, 1405, 465, 2338, 257, 4530, 266, 18889, 618, 1351, 292, 8485, 66, 38334, 15, 187, 14819, 10120, 6841, 716, 29074, 428, 1054, 86, 13077, 571, 362, 36826, 1249, 428, 27082, 46515, 18453, 21964, 3127, 49635, 400, 15175, 546, 26159, 3912, 76, 23909, 328, 3436, 15, 49635, 400, 15175, 49144, 17366, 314, 1440, 15175, 661, 22217, 49635, 12271, 2381, 3433, 666, 35406, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 30252, 6811, 271, 893, 66, 30287, 4034, 2072, 13, 347, 292, 2788, 16564, 570, 13, 480, 31797, 3273, 50161, 246, 26171, 1125, 251, 87, 17366, 770, 1392, 8020, 1392, 8429, 47192, 466, 864, 8485, 16189, 12910, 13077, 312, 28233, 402, 328, 893, 66, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 10911, 739, 900, 7905, 5738, 66, 821, 5741, 15, 10876, 4530, 66, 1465, 21380, 8729, 402, 384, 1920, 2788, 5781, 30252, 6811, 249, 8729, 1125, 251, 87, 17366, 770, 1392, 75, 1914, 30287, 10424, 249, 362, 518, 580, 41376, 8729, 49144, 17366, 314, 1440, 1392, 76, 15175, 344, 301, 6841, 30287, 311, 43166, 8729, 268, 850, 257, 8729, 465, 36021, 37364, 321, 1866, 28542, 414, 16750, 288, 26826, 1059, 347, 292, 2788, 16564, 15, 187, 33319, 282, 26064, 87, 304, 20897, 187, 52, 7, 37, 14, 610, 11774, 6841, 8429, 311, 17062, 15, 428, 313, 12944, 10, 1780, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 7905, 86, 4631, 249, 37720, 493, 5781, 26644, 75, 15175, 465, 8627, 9207, 1392, 31234, 48155, 465, 36021, 461, 293, 1316, 66, 15, 31790, 2966, 1392, 5914, 13, 327, 258, 5616, 25445, 821, 262, 3592, 2623, 31023, 42686, 656, 347, 19953, 66, 1125, 1584, 2555, 37364, 41245, 268, 1914, 292, 8729, 402, 459, 85, 28542, 414, 661, 292, 281, 30160, 266, 8485, 16189, 15, 15753, 408, 1392, 327, 246, 2880, 37409, 1392, 278, 1392, 9608, 249, 2827, 300, 4631, 292, 1407, 307, 13, 2873, 893, 479, 301, 6841, 327, 3994, 261, 1944, 4631, 31923, 465, 36021, 414, 1440, 1392, 21380, 26535, 3691, 266, 256, 15175, 2649, 600, 75, 9608, 46669, 37821, 1392, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 1323, 26171, 425, 3273, 43236, 716, 13838, 1392, 716, 73, 536, 4530, 41376, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 15, 187, 1992, 885, 22516, 13, 327, 1465, 8498, 619, 17685, 442, 14899, 4285, 76, 5985, 13, 20463, 1484, 316, 1914, 6753, 22289, 1616, 5914, 1238, 257, 11895, 81, 647, 86, 327, 1061, 386, 328, 307, 2177, 553, 24821, 26063, 247, 1479, 3230, 15, 308, 44885, 327, 1465, 21380, 1578, 7438, 76, 5985, 4927, 29074, 13, 20463, 4784, 76, 21964, 1616, 5914, 255, 299, 400, 12271, 18889, 35926, 69, 8175, 571, 8729, 20463, 8483, 76, 36383, 1392, 247, 1479, 580, 17366, 408, 1392, 327, 35926, 48238, 8727, 618, 2960, 5796, 29983, 247, 11825, 266, 11895, 81, 647, 5738, 362, 1240, 49906, 580, 6077, 281, 38498, 3784, 408, 1392, 15, 1916, 400, 1519, 580, 41376, 480, 17366, 42686, 782, 76, 2610, 6077, 1058, 73, 414, 84, 327, 246, 1657, 87, 4631, 86, 438, 15959, 340, 384, 1392, 619, 17685, 442, 36825, 15, 187, 44, 311, 1342, 570, 22516, 13, 327, 246, 9608, 413, 15175, 13, 20463, 10911, 739, 900, 396, 5650, 66, 1465, 8498, 46966, 74, 400, 48931, 1058, 73, 414, 29045, 1484, 316, 1914, 6753, 22289, 1616, 5914, 1238, 257, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 7684, 47796, 15, 27817, 1392, 8483, 1392, 13401, 821, 5711, 66, 480, 255, 76, 8962, 41376, 15, 15366, 24524, 1914, 347, 757, 6859, 26307, 7684, 522, 86, 311, 1866, 8483, 1392, 13401, 618, 2960, 35926, 48238, 261, 303, 1342, 35951, 298, 412, 962, 42468, 12331, 302, 256, 21964, 79, 2381, 36825, 13, 3371, 5741, 594, 45716, 893, 266, 24821, 26063, 4072, 465, 265, 1392, 13312, 38334, 355, 4530, 257, 15, 187, 47, 293, 75, 6841, 570, 22516, 13, 479, 301, 6841, 8483, 1392, 13401, 716, 5465, 5781, 465, 36021, 461, 293, 10441, 312, 1405, 4927, 29074, 13, 4784, 257, 23105, 297, 1405, 37080, 384, 5781, 2177, 73, 250, 13401, 249, 13, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 17685, 27772, 47796, 402, 302, 25338, 1301, 74, 249, 6753, 6356, 249, 15, 1023, 327, 299, 13838, 8175, 41376, 258, 5025, 2072, 11889, 246, 9608, 413, 1392, 5847, 405, 74, 15, 1916, 8901, 47796, 13, 11895, 81, 647, 316, 15175, 2649, 2381, 22289, 327, 258, 5792, 2623, 480, 26202, 25183, 13065, 9226, 246, 2788, 1914, 7684, 47796, 13, 3371, 5741, 13586, 87, 5741, 266, 13, 480, 31797, 256, 21243, 76, 2381, 1432, 531, 8962, 302, 8729, 12910, 307, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 17685, 27772, 47796, 402, 302, 25338, 255, 37080, 384, 3703, 73, 5256, 3273, 43236, 362, 11938, 565, 5738, 1616, 76, 2610, 6077, 13, 8729, 281, 8901, 47796, 256, 21964, 79, 2381, 408, 1392, 327, 945, 33542, 3592, 2623, 13, 20463, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 17685, 27772, 47796, 402, 302, 25338, 255, 1125, 302, 299, 400, 12271, 42138, 563, 2563, 1392, 264, 962, 885, 257, 247, 339, 785, 266, 362, 21243, 770, 1392, 261, 267, 18524, 43579, 480, 17366, 42686, 782, 76, 2610, 6077, 15, 187, 36, 2198, 757, 7949, 6584, 86, 11262, 9663, 10986, 187, 1556, 2573, 14, 610, 11774, 6841, 8429, 311, 17062, 15, 428, 313, 1400, 10, 1780, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 1125, 251, 288, 1164, 565, 5781, 8729, 7005, 382, 312, 8727, 33786, 292, 21964, 340, 384, 257, 1392, 465, 302, 1562, 276, 661, 1914, 402, 321, 11548, 3230, 1821, 80, 254, 6841, 1392, 15, 27334, 81, 647, 484, 311, 15208, 38522, 591, 12784, 1392, 14899, 246, 41231, 614, 327, 945, 33542, 5781, 465, 335, 29662, 75, 1914, 821, 2966, 266, 87, 522, 666, 8729, 11737, 32567, 9226, 618, 255, 580, 86, 316, 21844, 2188, 6077, 8729, 20846, 384 ]

amme niiden lausekkeiden poistamista, joilla välittäjille myönnetään sopimusperusteinen suoja, on yksinkertaisesti se, että kilpailulainsäädäntö ei ole asianmukainen väline sopimusosapuolten välisen mahdollisen epätasapainon käsittelemiseen. Nämä kysymykset, kuten keskusteltiin, kun laadimme asetusta (EY) N:o 1/2003, kuuluvat kauppaoikeuden alaan. Automarkkinoiden kaltaisilla kilpailukykyisillä markkinoilla kilpailulainsäädännöllä ei pitäisi puuttua eri sopimusosapuolten väliseen voimatasapainoon. Niin tekeminen olisi tungettelevaa. Meidän on toimittava oikeasuhteisesti, kun puutumme markkinoiden toimintaan. Kuulemisprosessissa saimme selville myös muita, ehkä vähemmän myönteisiä asioita: toisin kuin autojen hinnat korjaustyön keskimääräinen hinta on itse asiassa noussut viime vuosien aikana. Korjaus ja huolto ovat kuluttajille hyvin tärkeitä: ei vain turvallisuuden ja luotettavuuden takia, vaan myös siksi, että korjauslaskut ovat 40 prosenttia auton omistamisen kokonaiskustannuksista. Valitettavasti riippumattomien korjaamojen valmiuksia kilpailla valtuutettujen korjaamojen kanssa haittaavat edelleen monet rajoitukset, mukaan luettuna varaosien ja teknisten tietojen rajallinen saatavuus. Uudistuksellamme pyritään siksi antamaan riippumattomille korjaamoille parempi pääsy varaosiin ja teknisiin tietoihin ja estämään se, että ne suljetaan markkinoilta muilla, uudemmilla käytännöillä. Se johtaa laadukkaampiin korjauspalveluihin ja alempiin hintoihin. Lopuksi, uskon lujasti, että uudet puitteet ovat kuluttajille entistä suotuisammat. Ensisijainen tavoitteemme on lisätä kilpailua jälkimarkkinoilla - korjaus ja huolto - joilla sitä on vähiten? Vaikka ajoneuvojen valmistajien kaupallinen asema saattaa olla vahva välittäjiin verrattuna, ne taistelevat raivokkaasti toistensa kanssa, ja siksi nyt ei tarvita poikkeusta, tällaisia sopimuksia koskevan kilpailun säilyttämiseksi, alakohtaisia sopimuksia koskevasta ryhmäpoikkeusasetuksesta, jonka komissio antoi äskettäin ja joka myös tulee voimaan tämän kuukauden lopussa. Todellakin, komissio ja erityisesti minun yksikköni, kilpailun pääosasto, valvovat alaa hyvin huolellisesti, eikä pitäisi olla epäilystäkään komission päättäväisyydestä valvoa kilpailusääntöjä ja ryhtyä tarvittaviin toimiin, jos huomataan joitakin vakavia rikkomuksia tai puutteita. Othmar Karas Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa komission jäsen, hyvät kollegat, olemme nyt kuulleet paljon. Tällä suullisella kysymyksellä ja päätöslauselmalla halusimme antaa autojen välittäjille ja pienille ja keskisuurille yrityksille äänen, koska komissio ei ole kiinnittänyt viime vuosina tarpeeksi huomiota tähän ääneen. Kuulemisen aikana ennen kaikkea autojen välittäjät ilmaisivat huolta ja epävarmuutta epätasa-arvoisesta kohtelusta valmistajiin verrattuna. Oikeudellinen epävarmuus otettiin esiin kuten myös kilpailun väheneminen pienten autonvälittäjien kohtaamien ongelmien takia. Emme kuitenkaan ole saaneet vastausta. Pyydän teitä - minuuttia vaille 12 - käyttämään 21 päivää ennen toukokuun 26. päivää sisällyttääksenne päätöslauselman, jonka parlamentti antaa huomenna, asetukseenne, jotta voitte tulla autonvälittäjiä puolitiehen vastaan muuttamatta suuntaa, jonka komissio haluaa valita. Olkaa hyvä ja suhtautukaa parlamenttiin ja autonvälittäjien huoliin vakavasti ja sisällyttäkää heidän huolensa ja pienten ja keskisuurten yritysten huolet asetukseen. Olle Ludvigsson S&D-ryhmän puolesta. - (SV) Arvoisa puhemies, haluaisin korostaa neljää kysymystä tässä keskustelussa. Ensinnäkin, on olemassa valitettava pyrkimys asettaa autoteollisuuden pienet ja suuret yritykset toisiaan vastaan. Niillä on tietyssä määrin erilaiset edut, mutta meidän on ensisijaisesti keskityttävä luomaan sääntelyjärjestelmä, jonka avulla ne voivat tehdä tehokkaasti yhteistyötä. Toiseksi, on hyvin myönteinen merkki, että uusien autojen markkinoiden kilpailu on parantunut viime vuoden aikana. Tämä on hyvä esimerkki siitä, että mitkään markkinat eivät ole mahdottomia ja että pitkällä aikavälillä on mahdollista saada paljon aikaan kilpailua vahvistavilla toimenpiteillä. Toivottavasti jälkimarkkinoilla kehitys on tulevaisuudessa yhtä myönteistä. Kolmanneksi, on tärkeää, että komissio seuraa hyvin aktiivisesti kehitystä uusien autojen markkinoiden kilpailun osalta. Sitä pitäisi valvoa jatkuvasti. Kaikkien asianosaisten osapuolten pitäisi saada mahdollisimman pian lopulliset tiedot säännöistä, joita sovelletaan vuoden 2013 kesäkuusta alkaen. Neljänneksi, meidän pitäisi tehostaa keskustelujamme siitä, miten aiomme vaihtaa vihreisiin, ympäristön kannalta suotuisampiin autoihin. Se on ehdottomasti olennaisen tärkeä prosessi. Toisaalta, kilpailusääntöjen on oltava joustavia niiden tukien osalta, joita tarvitaan, jotta sähköajoneuvot ja muut ympäristön kannalta suotuisat vaihtoehdot voivat vakiintua markkinoilla, ja toisaalta säännöillä on varmistettava, että ympäristön kannalta suotuisat autot eivät joudu epäedulliseen asemaan vähittäisalalla tai jälkimarkkinoilla. Cristian Silviu Buşoi ALDE-ryhmän puolesta. - (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, auton hankintaa ja omistamista pidetään yhtenä kotitalouksien suurimpana menoeränä. Kilpailupolitiikan perimmäinen tavoite on varmistaa kuluttajien valinnanvapaus ja tuotteiden saatavuus alemmilla ja koht

[ 15087, 533, 1336, 13, 776, 246, 22854, 574, 7596, 7746, 253, 3064, 13, 1014, 672, 37907, 8342, 15, 35116, 5061, 36545, 10379, 4428, 11681, 281, 11487, 2558, 4688, 28, 15087, 17739, 452, 11439, 281, 11614, 2558, 4688, 15, 4923, 2169, 14, 19397, 10379, 4558, 4891, 689, 247, 14200, 3276, 2491, 13, 359, 751, 352, 672, 2403, 9187, 739, 386, 17652, 285, 643, 20247, 835, 5233, 2602, 2980, 273, 253, 10379, 651, 2847, 3237, 15, 187, 187, 7283, 18591, 2637, 17706, 4827, 29021, 10810, 40668, 187, 187, 2775, 10592, 1703, 187, 187, 424, 9832, 18458, 424, 1163, 11376, 4791, 7759, 187, 187, 424, 6942, 424, 1163, 18665, 715, 1355, 7437, 285, 21090, 1919, 1077, 5882, 13, 884, 281, 1458, 2909, 15, 187, 187, 424, 2347, 1916, 6004, 424, 1163, 733, 943, 417, 4917, 672, 13661, 342, 247, 9185, 285, 943, 320, 5412, 281, 253, 5181, 15, 187, 187, 424, 4967, 352, 6397, 1336, 424, 1163, 20754, 10379, 310, 2624, 715, 12274, 323, 892, 22560, 3376, 17652, 15, 187, 187, 8683, 5518, 1400, 1703, 187, 187, 424, 9832, 18458, 424, 1163, 3925, 281, 9934, 7759, 187, 187, 424, 6942, 424, 1163, 1281, 19370, 456, 10379, 1790, 387, 2316, 3276, 323, 1884, 281, 3925, 2909, 15, 187, 187, 424, 2347, 281, 6004, 424, 1163, 2058, 3925, 7759, 13, 352, 943, 4917, 281, 4512, 3473, 285, 9370, 672, 13661, 15, 2058, 9934, 7759, 13, 352, 943, 23104, 4354, 1293, 10155, 285, 1918, 5777, 672, 13661, 15, 187, 187, 424, 4967, 352, 6397, 1336, 424, 1163, 34073, 476, 320, 1424, 3163, 342, 39451, 533, 1335, 4484, 10379, 313, 1549, 7759, 10, 390, 4336, 39451, 10379, 313, 2358, 7759, 10, 281, 1056, 1027, 3510, 273, 35195, 313, 2887, 12342, 7904, 285, 7543, 481, 187, 187, 46, 3887, 53, 1703, 4889, 6392, 3271, 1703, 187, 187, 424, 9832, 18458, 424, 1163, 9330, 281, 11107, 7759, 187, 187, 424, 6942, 424, 1163, 353, 2585, 275, 1355, 40250, 390, 23225, 14, 22768, 11636, 285, 1339, 4484, 323, 670, 608, 2909, 15, 187, 187, 424, 2347, 281, 6004, 424, 1163, 733, 943, 320, 6514, 285, 5777, 5890, 281, 253, 5181, 15, 187, 187, 424, 4967, 352, 6397, 1336, 424, 1163, 10205, 275, 4874, 832, 728, 10379, 47603, 342, 12274, 281, 2794, 1161, 22383, 14268, 15, 187, 187, 4, 5836, 27843, 7127, 187, 187, 817, 657, 42713, 46615, 27695, 399, 602, 28127, 187, 187, 7883, 972, 48945, 253, 12616, 346, 36423, 347, 3376, 3, 4518, 574, 1620, 1160, 247, 3376, 15, 6279, 13, 253, 13612, 323, 247, 3376, 23396, 7835, 2969, 281, 10347, 15, 22347, 12274, 342, 7043, 285, 8618, 13, 2624, 275, 4688, 13, 823, 816, 2217, 5412, 1824, 594, 326, 253, 17652, 24094, 2366, 13, 840, 4533, 562, 285, 32413, 15, 1422, 971, 247, 17652, 326, 270, 1582, 598, 14510, 285, 892, 22560, 285, 310, 4942, 3477, 281, 789, 342, 15, 1292, 253, 6612, 310, 326, 3376, 17652, 2223, 270, 1582, 598, 10458, 285, 16269, 90, 285, 352, 434, 2223, 247, 3075, 281, 789, 342, 1128, 7083, 10892, 285, 35765, 403, 1846, 3237, 15, 187, 187, 46528, 3003, 36579, 17740, 26393, 14007, 187, 187, 510, 7596, 342, 3376, 17652, 310, 326, 352, 1620, 3133, 281, 21319, 253, 1072, 1039, 7019, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 368, 878, 281, 19408, 73, 1412, 1046, 673, 368, 1056, 247, 3376, 15, 1244, 19408, 73, 22933, 4419, 2793, 13, 594, 326, 368, 476, 9446, 752, 434, 1469, 327, 342, 326, 1798, 17652, 285, 840, 1056, 253, 1463, 23927, 15, 5595, 4980, 48972, 1056, 268, 447, 760, 247, 1643, 2069, 247, 807, 285, 476, 626, 320, 3264, 281, 19408, 73, 1412, 387, 512, 15, 187, 187, 47638, 3376, 17652, 556, 816, 253, 987, 6654, 273, 45620, 285, 2605, 15, 380, 3438, 3249, 432, 4688, 13, 253, 6158, 432, 1048, 2601, 13178, 1925, 33666, 326, 830, 672, 12274, 47603, 342, 1824, 15, 21994, 1652, 33666, 285, 253, 17652, 1912, 626, 7356, 2366, 1128, 2858, 1512, 1199, 285, 253, 23396, 7819, 10458, 15, 844, 1849, 3715, 271, 2746, 326, 11359, 33666, 275, 2451, 533, 671, 4483, 323, 271, 33940, 915, 282, 17652, 326, 434, 3477, 281, 6016, 285, 11355, 253, 14512, 273, 689, 21107, 15, 3824, 22564, 3376, 17652, 13612, 26586, 253, 5476, 1601, 407, 22128, 327, 247, 4279, 24405, 27, 733, 512, 3249, 1066, 281, 7665, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 923, 13, 33666, 4948, 12450, 275, 1824, 15, 10205, 33171, 684, 253, 4324, 275, 12274, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 253, 1824, 8094, 16152, 3746, 281, 253, 4324, 949, 253, 4702, 273, 9946, 13403, 15, 26992, 1541, 13403, 403, 5075, 13, 28039, 13403, 326, 2186, 1824, 8094, 4830, 253, 2553, 273, 253, 2601, 8094, 13, 4933, 253, 820, 4206, 2601, 8094, 15840, 281, 42030, 285, 5533, 342, 1016, 643, 275, 1340, 281, 830, 30450, 273, 33666, 15, 313, 2214, 625, 327, 436, 13, 923, 4473, 6480, 2698, 1292, 33666, 1912, 626, 830, 275, 7665, 15, 380, 30097, 7665, 275, 49469, 285, 643, 4874, 641, 1057, 417, 16152, 3139, 275, 253, 1072, 1039, 347, 1824, 15, 4923, 273, 436, 13, 352, 1057, 417, 21435, 4427, 253, 4324, 13, 285, 3103, 1057, 417, 8596, 275, 33666, 4702, 15, 2896, 15706, 690, 273, 253, 1824, 275, 776, 13612, 342, 49469, 313, 4609, 4428, 3387, 2558, 16075, 285, 816, 3925, 2558, 1824, 582, 359, 1472, 2104, 281, 823, 625, 5558, 281, 253, 17652, 594, 352, 19931, 2602, 285, 4691, 282, 494, 13, 533, 1293, 3629, 253, 5434, 273, 253, 23396, 8577, 10458, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 752, 604, 368, 1053, 626, 452, 49469, 275, 634, 20018, 610, 1128, 5092, 1529, 5096, 14, 16314, 26375, 320, 908, 275, 697, 1659, 32, 844, 30363, 3376, 23396, 84, 1160, 342, 11267, 13, 41236, 13, 285, 48347, 285, 2429, 731, 1930, 407, 1930, 342, 776, 49469, 23396, 15, 44156, 13, 253, 8485, 5020, 273, 776, 246, 22854, 812, 417, 12129, 2190, 253, 1027, 26791, 273, 41001, 2721, 15, 496, 958, 13, 597, 812, 417, 9075, 253, 7665, 387, 512, 15, 1876, 273, 253, 23396, 84, 574, 247, 4076, 9075, 285, 892, 22560, 14542, 15, 1893, 604, 49469, 310, 417, 634, 246, 33687, 273, 4327, 13, 564, 6386, 285, 16502, 667, 5096, 14, 16314, 26375, 15, 187, 187, 19873, 2637, 6589, 5915, 41, 3271, 5935, 367, 9051, 399, 36290, 187, 187, 56, 38512, 6589, 11147, 496, 3376, 17652, 1160, 342, 1824, 3815, 13, 253, 1824, 29290, 342, 253, 12274, 281, 830, 247, 1175, 2968, 273, 33666, 13, 534, 476, 2847, 253, 17652, 281, 320, 10458, 15, 187, 187, 55, 3519, 24338, 4889, 411, 38512, 4051, 10284, 1057, 417, 830, 275, 7665, 15, 3813, 3376, 17652, 1160, 342, 247, 7802, 273, 49469, 285, 1824, 556, 1679, 33666, 285, 310, 1199, 625, 14510, 15, 187, 187, 14524, 611, 38283, 1400, 8021, 10810, 2894, 3489, 187, 187, 6175, 5859, 1537, 2085, 1329, 323, 970, 49469, 275, 3376, 17652, 13, 359, 10345, 626, 1469, 281, 320, 13762, 273, 697, 1318, 1919, 359, 812, 923, 352, 342, 776, 1211, 2927, 15, 1916, 3653, 1880, 390, 417, 253, 897, 273, 49469, 2789, 247, 3064, 275, 253, 14542, 273, 247, 892, 22560, 3376, 23396, 13, 359, 30363, 39657, 273, 776, 401, 1062, 16314, 18603, 14, 14201, 461, 27695, 399, 602, 1128, 531, 342, 247, 337, 27, 18, 4313, 273, 49469, 281, 1824, 313, 11199, 5500, 273, 1016, 582, 285, 1529, 342, 816, 1824, 313, 8313, 5500, 273, 1824, 2264, 481, 1916, 1056, 2831, 14, 4674, 14023, 6927, 13, 359, 16465, 2147, 253, 3376, 10855, 285, 3185, 14436, 562, 253, 17652, 715, 1781, 14526, 285, 2624, 731, 715, 608, 14, 12099, 407, 374, 14, 12099, 9004, 19236, 13, 534, 359, 30363, 327, 247, 46391, 14, 12490, 17326, 8335, 15, 7243, 253, 22486, 273, 30363, 3376, 23396, 497, 4484, 13, 359, 16645, 731, 327, 767, 1355, 5148, 15107, 13, 751, 247, 6863, 287, 365, 13, 285, 4845, 247, 10257, 14, 1710, 5500, 273, 33945, 447, 327, 1755, 273, 1016, 23396, 281, 2939, 697, 346, 85, 602, 1255, 449, 187, 187, 9707, 21180, 34077, 187, 187, 510, 3376, 23396, 1160, 342, 49469, 4745, 24145, 275, 767, 13, 18752, 253, 5500, 273, 33945, 447, 13, 534, 840, 42893, 562, 4830, 253, 4828, 15, 380, 3376, 23396, 1160, 342, 760, 1824, 6376, 15282, 13, 2299, 13, 285, 4934, 697, 33945, 447, 16645, 323, 670, 247, 7017, 15, 308, 22854, 753, 326, 253, 49469, 3376, 23396, 369, 1199, 625, 14510, 285, 892, 22560, 15, 380, 512, 14, 7779, 23396, 369, 4366, 1598, 42306, 15, 187, 187, 9707, 22039, 6541, 24564, 8506, 187, 187, 8457, 33666, 588, 417, 830, 275, 253, 3361, 273, 7665, 13, 253, 3376, 23396, 1160, 342, 4503, 4243, 49469, 285, 1824, 574, 247, 1199, 1679, 3715, 33666, 2990, 685, 253, 3376, 23396, 1160, 342, 1824, 3815, 15, 1244, 1679, 33666, 2789, 323, 247, 14510, 285, 892, 22560, 23396, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 970, 247, 7802, 273, 49469, 285, 1824, 4483, 441, 281, 823, 625, 5558, 281, 253, 17652, 281, 755, 352, 281, 320, 347, 4691, 282, 494, 285, 3477, 281, 789, 342, 347, 1896, 1293, 8479, 13622, 10458, 1255, 15, 187, 187, 510, 16507, 32, 657, 42713, 3548, 626, 816, 323, 10678, 15, 1284, 247, 4279, 24405, 275, 3376, 23396, 13, 352, 476, 1097, 1056, 253, 3376, 23396, 625, 14510, 13, 285, 253, 1495, 273, 253, 4417, 2820, 281, 4533, 562, 253, 17652, 6927, 15, 187, 187, 9707, 367, 27306, 3481, 657, 3519, 24338, 27, 444, 1719, 58, 14, 7058, 14, 13935, 2293, 13, 308, 8112, 947, 367, 9051, 6246, 11533, 187, 187, 1231, 1160, 767, 39657, 273, 776, 3376, 23396, 13, 581, 342, 253, 3451, 4313, 273, 49469, 281, 1824, 13, 253, 643, 342, 1824, 3815, 13, 285, 840, 5762, 253, 1543, 342, 247, 5500, 273, 33945, 447, 15, 380, 892, 22560, 49469, 17652, 1904, 626, 1462, 247, 4839, 15, 187, 187, 55, 3519, 24338, 4889, 411, 38512, 187, 187, 1552, 14510, 3376, 23396, 28114, 4745, 15, 187, 187, 56, 38512, 6589, 11147, 187, 187, 1552, 42306, 23396, 2918, 253, 33945, 447, 323, 247, 2120, 7017, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 9653, 3329, 1400, 26127, 2894, 18769, 6570, 4915, 37051, 50275, 187, 8022, 38, 399, 36290, 187, 187, 1785, 47972, 629, 273, 253, 6749, 1824, 342, 49469, 310, 253, 2234, 281, 6153, 247, 973, 14, 23889, 456, 17652, 326, 310, 3477, 281, 789, 342, 15, 1244, 984, 253, 49469, 2506, 626, 17561, 33666, 13, 776, 17652, 270, 1582, 598, 892, 22560, 15, 496, 4499, 13, 954, 973, 14, 23889, 456, 17652, 84, 1160, 342, 816, 6749, 1824, 32413, 598, 10458, 285, 16269, 90, 984, 253, 4465, 1824, 30185, 1512, 1199, 33666, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 253, 20247, 275, 436, 4473, 13, 3376, 17652, 310, 247, 2234, 24405, 275, 49011, 5914, 27695, 285, 44513, 353, 2158, 489, 27695, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 26483, 3271, 3175, 4985, 39, 399, 43028, 14, 1311, 11533, 367, 9051, 399, 36290, 187, 187, 3788, 46009, 16449, 36290, 6651, 21252, 898, 14, 1042, 2775, 367, 9051, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 55, 42713, 310, 5667, 281, 253, 14510, 14542, 273, 436, 23396, 285, 1607, 12863, 642, 13746, 1128, 3088, 417, 16502, 1824, 15, 831, 17652, 310, 5497, 2131, 685, 954, 2629, 3376, 17652, 84, 285, 588, 2430, 8783, 273, 12274, 281, 4533, 562, 313, 484, 281, 36444, 5500, 481, 329, 2739, 13732, 310, 5667, 323, 2403, 436, 17652, 1128, 262, 2550, 320, 1160, 407, 1133, 15, 187, 187, 19, 8313, 1040, 15107, 313, 805, 8313, 28409, 10, 512, 14, 27299, 12274, 187, 187, 20782, 187, 187, 19, 1040, 18850, 8618, 187, 187, 18, 1040, 15893, 7043, 187, 187, 805, 1040, 18850, 5061, 36545, 10379, 13, 2624, 715, 36444, 14, 12099, 7437, 285, 45066, 187, 187, 25, 1040, 18850, 21436, 39243, 13, 2624, 715, 577, 7437, 285, 45066, 187, 187, 11199, 1040, 5500, 49469, 13, 45066, 187, 187, 11199, 1040, 5500, 6749, 1824, 187, 187, 93, 187, 187, 18, 15, 12639, 337, 8313, 15107, 12274, 13, 8618, 13, 285, 7043, 2366, 275, 2739, 13732, 1919, 5678, 13, 670, 608, 7253, 15, 1810, 2569, 10379, 285, 39243, 689, 1755, 285, 4035, 281, 1232, 1919, 11217, 285, 7802, 9513, 281, 830, 30914, 502, 10628, 342, 642, 5780, 12274, 90, 9886, 13, 670, 1458, 7253, 15, 187, 187, 19, 15, 1810, 6182, 1066, 11636, 285, 25529, 17652, 25356, 1475, 13732, 15096, 15, 14474, 22064, 5780, 337, 5500, 12274, 689, 17652, 285, 10724, 1919, 7802, 556, 7154, 598, 715, 7437, 285, 310, 25356, 5939, 1475 ]

premium butters, our tasters had trouble telling the difference, even when tasted plain. Regular unsalted butter contains 81 to 82 percent fat; premium brands have 83 to 86 percent fat. Because higher-fat butter remains solid over a wider temperature range, we like it when making croissant dough and other recipes where rapid softening of the butter would cause problems. GAUGING BUTTER TEMPERATURE CHILLED **Temperature** : About 35 degrees **Method** : Cut into small pieces and freeze until very firm, 10 to 15 minutes. **How To Test** : It should not yield when pressed with a finger and should be cold to the touch. **Why it Matters** : Cold butter is cut into flour for flaky pie dough. SOFTENED **Temperature** : 60 to 68 degrees **Method** : Let refrigerated butter sit at room temperature for 30 to 60 minutes. **How to Test** : At 60 degrees, it should yield to slight pressure and crack when pressed. At 68 degrees, it should bend easily without breaking and give slightly when pressed. **Why it Matters** : Sugar can be creamed with softened but still cool butter (60 degrees) or completely softened butter (68 degrees) to make different types of cakes (see concepts 46 and 47). MELTED AND COOLED **Temperature** : 85 to 94 degrees **Method** : Melt in small saucepan or microwave-safe bowl and let cool for about 5 minutes. **How to Test** : It should be fluid and slightly warm to the touch. **Why it Matters** : Water in liquefied butter mixes with flour to create chewy cookies. # CONCEPT 44 ## Vodka Makes Pie Dough Easy Whoever coined the phrase "easy as pie" clearly had never made a pie. Yes, the recipe for a pie crust sounds simple to prepare. Mix flour with salt and sugar, cut in fat, add just enough cold water so that the dough sticks together, then roll out and bake. You want a dough that bakes up tender and flaky and is relatively easy to work with. But the reality is that pie dough often bakes up tough and leathery and it's often a pain to work with—cracking and tearing are common problems. HOW THE SCIENCE WORKS The trouble with pie dough is that it never seems to behave the same way twice. This means that you need to troubleshoot every time you make a pie. And troubleshooting requires experience, so that you can recognize what's going on with that particular dough and then make the proper adjustments. Most modern cooks make pies only a few times a year and can't be expected to troubleshoot at all. Perfect pie dough has just the right balance of tenderness and structure. The former comes from fat, the latter from long protein chains called gluten that form when flour mixes with water. Too little gluten and the dough won't stick together—but too much and the crust turns tough. We've developed an approach that keeps gluten in check but also allows for an unusually supple dough that's easy to handle and reduces the chances of overworking. Our revolutionary pie dough recipe removes the guesswork by relying on a secret ingredient: It all comes down to alcohol. You see, gluten forms readily in water. Water hydrates the proteins in flour. This means that the water molecules attach themselves to the proteins through the formation of hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds are weak, electrostatic bonds that hold water molecules onto the surface of the protein molecules, giving the coiled protein molecules flexibility to unravel and bond with each other in order to form strands of gluten. (For more on this, see concept 38.) But gluten won't form in alcohol. The ethyl alcohol in vodka and other liquors does not attach itself in the same way as water. Because of this, it does not hydrate the proteins, and therefore does not aid in gluten formation. By replacing some of the water in our recipe with vodka (which contains 40 percent ethanol and just 60 percent water), we're able to add more liquid to the dough so it stays soft and malleable, but without increasing the danger of the crust turning tough. But what if you don't have vodka in your pantry—can another 80-proof liquor be used in its place? We baked pie crusts made with rum, whiskey, and gin and compared them side by side with our vodka crust. Surprisingly, the vast majority of our tasters could not distinguish among the different flavors of booze. In fact, they could not taste the alcohol at all. All of the crusts had a clean taste and flaky texture. So if vodka is not your tipple of choice, go ahead and substitute any 80-proof liquor. ADDING ALCOHOL TO PIE DOUGH WATER ALONE In pie dough made with water alone, the water interacts with the flour to form a good deal of gluten, which can cause the dough to be tough. VODKA AND WATER Gluten does not form in alcohol. Therefore pie dough made with a mixture of vodka and water has less gluten and is much more tender. TEST KITCHEN EXPERIMENT While science might provide support for using vodka in pie dough, we weren't going to be convinced of its value until we could see it with our own eyes. To determine whether or not the use of vodka makes a difference in the texture of a flaky pie crust, we baked batches of our Foolproof Double-Crust Pie Dough—one with a 1:1 ratio of vodka to water (¼ cup of each), and another with just water (½ cup of water total). To make cross-section comparisons easier, we ditched the pie plates and instead rolled out the dough into large sheets and cut them into 5-inch by 2-inch rectangles, which we baked on a parchment-lined baking sheet. Once the strips of baked pie crust were cool, we balanced them on two small metal cups, like a tightrope, and placed a 250-gram cup of pennies on top of each crust to assess its "toughness." THE RESULTS The pie crust made with vodka immediately snapped in two, dropping the cup of pennies, which then spilled out onto the counter. The pie crust made with only water remained intact, however, and kept its pennies balanced for about a minute. Tasters said that the vodka pie crust was much more tender and flaky. The all-water crust was noticeably tougher. THE TAKEAWAY Because gluten will not form in the presence of alcohol, the pie crust made with equal parts vodka and water had a much less developed gluten network than the pie crust made with water alone. And less gluten makes for a tender and flaky crust. In addition, using a mixture of vodka and water allows us to add more liquid to the dough to get it to be as malleable and easy to work with as possible without causing excessive toughness. The lesson? Vodka isn't just for drinking. As a secret ingredient in pie crust, it can both make the pie crust more tender, and the life of the cook trying to roll out the dough easier. THE POWER OF VODKA: EASY-TO-ROLL, TENDER PIE CRUST We made two batches of our pie crust, one with the correct ratio of vodka to water, the other with water alone, and then tested the results with a cup of pennies. The flaky vodka dough didn't stand a chance. VODKA AND WATER This tender pie crust cracked immediately. WATER ALONE This tougher crust held the pennies for a full minute. ### GLUTEN MINIMIZATION AT WORK PIE DOUGH Replacing part of the ice water with vodka is the key to creating a well-hydrated dough that is easy to work with. And because the vodka doesn't activate gluten, our dough bakes up flaky. In contrast, most well-hydrated doughs made with just ice water bake up tough and leathery because the extra water activates too much gluten. In addition to the recipes in this concept, pie dough is a key ingredient in Pumpkin Pie and Lemon Meringue Pie. #### FOOLPROOF DOUBLE-CRUST PIE DOUGH MAKES ENOUGH FOR ONE 9-INCH PIE * * * Vodka is essential to the tender texture of this crust and imparts no flavor—do not substitute water. This dough is moister than most standard pie doughs and will require lots of flour to roll out (up to ¼ cup). A food processor is essential for making this dough—it cannot be made by hand. 2½ | cups (12½ ounces) all-purpose flour ---|--- 2 | tablespoons sugar 1 | teaspoon salt 12 | tablespoons unsalted butter, cut into ¼-inch pieces and chilled 8 | tablespoons vegetable shortening, cut into 4 pieces and chilled ¼ | cup vodka, chilled ¼ | cup ice water | 1. Process 1½ cups flour, sugar, and salt together in food processor until combined, about 5 seconds. Scatter butter and shortening over top and continue to process until incorporated and mixture begins to form uneven clumps with no remaining floury bits, about 15 seconds. 2. Scrape down bowl and redistribute dough evenly around processor blade. Sprinkle remaining 1 cup flour over dough and pulse until mixture has broken up into pieces and is evenly distributed around

[ 452, 690, 3076, 3668, 670, 634, 1113, 449, 346, 7371, 581, 865, 346, 42, 1158, 352, 434, 1682, 368, 923, 323, 4834, 449, 346, 42, 1833, 1339, 731, 871, 359, 1472, 327, 776, 1039, 449, 346, 1276, 513, 368, 871, 670, 436, 5599, 865, 346, 1328, 434, 1529, 260, 15, 42, 449, 346, 23852, 458, 507, 327, 779, 672, 425, 267, 434, 417, 1475, 449, 346, 22582, 865, 346, 1231, 943, 2312, 281, 779, 449, 346, 2302, 13, 1339, 434, 1339, 352, 1132, 562, 449, 346, 1466, 434, 923, 835, 344, 5644, 441, 449, 346, 2598, 13, 8216, 556, 247, 1859, 13, 23445, 865, 346, 1992, 1333, 8216, 556, 247, 1859, 1051, 310, 751, 3981, 253, 14713, 934, 246, 6719, 365, 1051, 556, 247, 2849, 5411, 5253, 449, 346, 1147, 352, 248, 954, 22936, 2846, 9875, 1051, 776, 4344, 2846, 556, 281, 3959, 449, 346, 22582, 865, 346, 42, 452, 281, 564, 1024, 449, 346, 42829, 449, 346, 6723, 368, 6501, 3698, 346, 78, 3508, 15165, 3255, 346, 12690, 83, 14459, 865, 3255, 346, 2302, 449, 346, 4013, 449, 346, 5872, 352, 6505, 342, 479, 449, 346, 1147, 369, 5322, 281, 923, 368, 13, 6827, 15, 4176, 449, 346, 29235, 281, 923, 368, 13, 1512, 13, 5497, 91, 449, 346, 8061, 323, 253, 362, 2610, 449, 346, 1147, 369, 425, 267, 434, 449, 346, 35082, 751, 776, 260, 15, 42, 15, 686, 52, 1669, 253, 3652, 449, 346, 1394, 971, 441, 281, 956, 779, 390, 3297, 1060, 865, 346, 1231, 943, 956, 779, 449, 346, 1231, 513, 1097, 449, 346, 3220, 6068, 3297, 285, 5724, 253, 2419, 449, 346, 1231, 1833, 956, 253, 36232, 330, 2843, 5292, 449, 346, 42, 5476, 352, 434, 346, 1065, 634, 260, 15, 42, 15, 1916, 789, 3, 1388, 449, 346, 1552, 1039, 449, 346, 35737, 423, 368, 871, 479, 449, 346, 19735, 479, 247, 1921, 449, 346, 42, 1849, 1677, 634, 49541, 4999, 10056, 13, 285, 275, 670, 767, 2909, 13, 359, 1472, 6501, 2590, 521, 1416, 449, 346, 3726, 1694, 281, 320, 5015, 670, 29053, 285, 17179, 449, 346, 30395, 479, 13, 6068, 13, 309, 1694, 281, 1379, 436, 449, 346, 1552, 310, 425, 267, 449, 346, 8262, 449, 346, 6723, 368, 342, 12595, 472, 865, 346, 6506, 13, 10902, 449, 346, 6723, 368, 627, 13, 8674, 865, 346, 42, 717, 449, 346, 7883, 326, 865, 346, 17570, 779, 352, 434, 30973, 287, 649, 449, 346, 1147, 434, 30973, 287, 649, 449, 346, 37, 8960, 943, 320, 342, 331, 266, 1936, 6426, 449, 346, 6506, 449, 346, 18931, 14, 73, 6968, 449, 346, 2773, 434, 3451, 449, 346, 19735, 479, 253, 4481, 449, 346, 7745, 13, 309, 1158, 12595, 472, 5605, 281, 3984, 342, 368, 449, 346, 36, 2843, 5292, 13, 368, 1335, 627, 865, 346, 8917, 368, 7168, 779, 865, 346, 1147, 434, 12595, 472, 13, 8674, 449, 346, 3848, 777, 472, 865, 346, 12501, 330, 2843, 5292, 896, 327, 449, 346, 4374, 13, 8674, 449, 346, 42, 1353, 896, 449, 346, 9281, 449, 346, 11778, 368, 2455, 1408, 247, 18897, 434, 34390, 865, 346, 42, 1849, 644, 275, 581, 449, 346, 4497, 13, 1024, 434, 634, 4839, 281, 1408, 352, 327, 247, 530, 15, 52, 15, 278, 19032, 449, 346, 1394, 2590, 327, 752, 281, 513, 865, 346, 36, 18568, 2590, 449, 346, 8398, 368, 13, 8674, 449, 346, 1276, 434, 1469, 327, 865, 346, 6300, 956, 619, 1421, 449, 12122, 12505, 337, 369, 15661, 4321, 3063, 1051, 285, 8505, 2668, 327, 3240, 247, 11010, 9549, 449, 346, 3726, 1869, 597, 812, 3324, 352, 1060, 323, 4243, 449, 346, 1276, 403, 597, 2509, 275, 627, 865, 346, 42, 1158, 368, 871, 752, 597, 1472, 2509, 275, 627, 449, 346, 2773, 434, 352, 449, 346, 7883, 858, 436, 865, 346, 1231, 452, 731, 275, 13555, 13, 2305, 15, 1936, 6426, 449, 346, 5498, 626, 7664, 449, 346, 4497, 13, 597, 1472, 6501, 2075, 449, 346, 6300, 878, 634, 11118, 3255, 346, 2042, 368, 812, 1239, 689, 436, 3908, 323, 479, 449, 346, 42, 1158, 368, 1833, 1089, 3253, 434, 275, 1340, 449, 346, 15271, 6426, 434, 9968, 247, 2968, 342, 253, 12578, 449, 346, 1328, 434, 10156, 368, 562, 449, 346, 47195, 13, 627, 352, 310, 3255, 346, 66, 6704, 26438, 449, 346, 5035, 13, 2378, 368, 2692, 598, 387, 1936, 6426, 434, 3906, 13, 344, 3260, 352, 369, 760, 247, 2647, 273, 16816, 1078, 368, 3531, 327, 779, 449, 346, 1328, 1160, 247, 2968, 449, 346, 8380, 327, 13, 12595, 472, 449, 346, 5498, 626, 1056, 352, 12150, 685, 352, 310, 449, 346, 2512, 310, 581, 625, 2181, 449, 346, 1276, 310, 436, 512, 670, 865, 346, 3848, 777, 472, 2296, 368, 5087, 745, 271, 12578, 21538, 1051, 281, 28427, 366, 285, 5159, 12170, 275, 4400, 7587, 449, 346, 1394, 1472, 2819, 387, 2030, 281, 1495, 3255, 346, 28645, 368, 1265, 5015, 449, 346, 3848, 777, 472, 2210, 598, 342, 253, 2644, 2181, 449, 346, 1276, 513, 368, 971, 281, 871, 670, 779, 865, 346, 19735, 352, 598, 449, 346, 28412, 896, 1476, 346, 41, 2287, 598, 13, 12595, 472, 1476, 346, 1147, 434, 689, 449, 346, 12501, 253, 5654, 1066, 327, 253, 3216, 1476, 346, 1394, 8968, 253, 20993, 368, 4269, 479, 342, 30973, 287, 649, 1051, 672, 368, 18436, 865, 346, 26143, 327, 436, 1930, 273, 247, 637, 73, 2084, 1051, 3548, 626, 512, 759, 3844, 285, 277, 34634, 621, 13, 310, 352, 865, 346, 4678, 1832, 1146, 3977, 1977, 275, 260, 25428, 449, 346, 8620, 2444, 342, 368, 13, 12595, 472, 449, 346, 2347, 1871, 352, 564, 865, 346, 3726, 1849, 16481, 17179, 273, 512, 7260, 449, 346, 35, 1377, 287, 649, 434, 30938, 839, 779, 715, 253, 3168, 23966, 9025, 449, 346, 2773, 434, 1270, 789, 13, 4130, 449, 346, 1466, 434, 755, 690, 1551, 449, 346, 6560, 267, 3255, 346, 8620, 789, 449, 346, 8398, 368, 449, 346, 42, 1833, 320, 12860, 1728, 13, 1512, 449, 346, 56, 251, 626, 320, 1469, 281, 253, 27286, 3063, 13, 686, 18923, 13, 368, 871, 13, 352, 434, 3345, 619, 9941, 449, 346, 7845, 865, 346, 8061, 323, 4882, 1390, 2360, 13, 5497, 91, 449, 346, 4013, 13, 253, 956, 14, 783, 14, 39892, 5017, 865, 346, 2773, 369, 1429, 434, 1132, 449, 346, 510, 1921, 309, 1353, 6789, 1024, 1051, 310, 984, 309, 1849, 2797, 690, 1491, 1580, 840, 449, 346, 1276, 1871, 368, 1089, 865, 346, 42, 871, 665, 20428, 1925, 432, 253, 6415, 449, 346, 1147, 369, 253, 12578, 21538, 665, 873, 598, 253, 2968, 875, 368, 285, 20428, 449, 346, 31352, 12436, 47574, 449, 346, 4125, 309, 878, 281, 1089, 779, 449, 346, 36, 2843, 5292, 1476, 346, 42, 1833, 755, 987, 896, 281, 368, 449, 346, 20405, 449, 346, 8380, 1060, 449, 346, 1394, 7219, 327, 6523, 436, 865, 346, 4497, 13, 10902, 13, 309, 369, 13, 533, 13, 368, 871, 13, 352, 434, 562, 273, 619, 2491, 285, 3255, 346, 18931, 14, 73, 6968, 449, 346, 42, 1849, 3078, 281, 923, 436, 2181, 1580, 352, 5485, 449, 346, 1466, 434, 564, 449, 346, 1394, 871, 13, 432, 253, 2774, 309, 1313, 368, 937, 346, 42, 812, 2028, 368, 1472, 247, 637, 273, 22407, 27491, 449, 346, 4013, 13, 309, 871, 13, 4070, 449, 346, 42, 1833, 320, 1728, 15, 1458, 2909, 13, 27164, 449, 346, 4013, 13, 309, 476, 626, 3343, 13, 2057, 449, 346, 6300, 247, 1643, 3038, 4600, 13, 285, 309, 1833, 320, 13298, 512, 1388, 3255, 346, 1898, 2360, 449, 3220, 3973, 313, 395, 4931, 760, 10, 20299, 3390, 11240, 2, 187, 187, 3220, 3331, 12017, 466, 556, 25546, 479, 323, 253, 15997, 39551, 4261, 20299, 1063, 11240, 15, 1500, 310, 594, 7353, 15, 4058, 5311, 310, 12017, 466, 52, 1994, 1857, 13, 285, 352, 1900, 247, 11010, 281, 1239, 27, 594, 4496, 2451, 352, 562, 15, 831, 310, 619, 1273, 38525, 3167, 2670, 13, 285, 309, 2389, 31198, 27, 309, 452, 1160, 594, 1142, 3858, 285, 1119, 594, 1142, 24960, 281, 1239, 690, 1897, 309, 476, 457, 85, 1978, 598, 15, 187, 187, 42, 3053, 247, 5311, 984, 309, 971, 281, 3630, 15, 7088, 1921, 13, 987, 32, 1737, 309, 452, 1119, 247, 24863, 3114, 273, 41982, 326, 309, 1620, 3264, 15, 1583, 403, 23384, 13, 11755, 285, 1077, 3309, 281, 479, 15, 309, 5717, 4130, 665, 9563, 619, 5311, 13, 285, 3524, 326, 309, 588, 4035, 281, 1600, 13, 9845, 390, 26761, 368, 313, 38499, 352, 3936, 281, 1978, 368, 4361, 49042, 220, 2387, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 690, 4803, 309, 878, 281, 956, 281, 2997, 436, 5722, 13, 253, 806, 369, 2668, 1557, 273, 407, 685, 4351, 12017, 466, 313, 4609, 309, 651, 452, 2218, 8791, 481, 380, 1273, 310, 326, 309, 878, 281, 1618, 253, 4803, 285, 3148, 253, 5722, 313, 284, 604, 309, 5082, 457, 85, 42678, 253, 2626, 310, 3894, 5093, 5441, 670, 4266, 313, 28287, 4202, 10, 285, 253, 7002, 310, 326, 309, 7163, 4024, 1458, 7715, 41982, 323, 253, 5722, 313, 12563, 31196, 481, 187, 187, 40151, 37351, 670, 479, 27, 187, 187, 18, 10, 496, 619, 1384, 84, 309, 369, 30643, 23201, 326, 309, 651, 1620, 3630, 2712, 281, 2557, 598, 281, 3660, 708, 20000, 187, 187, 19, 10, 309, 452, 271, 8909, 5019, 273, 48872, 285, 38313, 13, 534, 2789, 479, 1097, 509, 22480, 285, 247, 24493, 21590, 313, 309, 717, 417, 11245, 13, 816, 452, 2176, 37725, 326, 1039, 326, 452, 644, 3839, 8344, 407, 954, 952, 309, 1705, 275, 3057, 342, 10, 187, 187, 20, 10, 309, 2389, 2712, 326, 556, 1740, 9246, 285, 247, 8105, 13, 285, 13, 22972, 1523, 13, 597, 2389, 479, 896, 187, 187, 21, 10, 309, 717, 4390, 35700, 285, 2444, 281, 755, 247, 21612, 275, 8710, 37727, 17762, 281, 1089, 247, 8228, 14, 484, 5249, 187, 187, 22, 10, 309, 1663, 4264, 9073, 952, 187, 187, 23, 10, 309, 369, 247, 24718, 187, 187, 24, 10, 309, 642, 3356, 1557, 604, 309, 3630, 3660, 708, 20000, 13, 309, 5211, 281, 3630, 327, 619, 767, 24960, 285, 923, 752, 3249, 187, 187, 42, 9703, 619, 41982, 323, 1027, 4606, 15, 3808, 403, 29853, 323, 253, 3290, 285, 10671, 597, 3630, 15, 733, 476, 320, 2834, 281, 1501, 2067, 2069, 247, 2129, 285, 1335, 320, 4722, 285, 4623, 15, 2053, 41982, 513, 326, 15, 3808, 309, 5055, 323, 752, 597, 3630, 15, 44500, 247, 17716, 285, 653, 3867, 634, 1495, 457, 84, 2614, 323, 253, 1533, 281, 923, 310, 1892, 13, 285, 352, 310, 29853, 849, 440, 1258, 12099, 5356, 841, 41982, 513, 326, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 31886, 3888, 275, 3781, 8595, 187, 187, 7371, 310, 253, 1682, 1039, 281, 4657, 3888, 275, 271, 3781, 32, 309, 1353, 970, 10882, 6527, 285, 309, 1024, 5730, 281, 4657, 731, 275, 271, 3781, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 36273, 3594, 357, 589, 310, 752, 368, 971, 15, 187, 6586, 23764, 426, 3635, 28, 187, 14626, 551, 187, 50274, 8428, 426, 10882, 6527, 15, 1088, 9, 1826, 8490, 1587, 8428, 15, 8567, 17378, 187, 94, 5834, 313, 38487, 299, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 70, 15, 45098, 1874, 187, 94, 187, 565, 259, 426, 23764, 15, 788, 12175, 9, 8629, 558, 187, 565, 288, 426, 23764, 15, 788, 13881, 9, 8629, 558, 187, 565, 5456, 15115, 426, 747, 540, 60, 88, 475, 288, 2194, 187, 36273, 3594, 357, 589, 23256, 426, 747, 45562, 3594, 357, 589, 9, 8428, 13, 470, 13, 470, 13, 259, 13, 288, 13, 15115, 13, 470, 13, 259, 558, 187, 14626, 551, 187, 50274, 8159, 15, 737, 357, 42734, 1241, 1874, 187, 94, 5834, 313, 6504, 3787, 264, 5330, 299, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 7761, 15, 1000, 15, 16684, 1587, 30933, 264, 6179, 323, 15115, 48708, 187, 50274, 2309, 28, 187, 94, 187, 338, 6048, 8159, 15, 788, 9505, 1082, 708, 10882, 42780, 15, 2925, 7396, 10, 3613, 470, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 7761, 15, 1000, 15, 16684, 1587, 5695, 20279, 490, 7551, 390, 2827, 45284, 3287, 187, 50274, 2309, 28, 187, 94, 187, 1542, 313, 565, 891, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 15115, 15, 3985, 28, 891, 9234, 187, 50274, 7761, 15, 483, 15, 16684, 9, 30061, 1241, 60, 74, 9259, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 1239, 253, 2644, 3888, 275, 3541, 13, 368, 476 ]

have some bad news about your car." "Which one?" "I think it's best you see for yourself." "I'll let them know we're on our way." "What do you know about this guy?" "He's another c.I." "Peter leans on him when neal's not around." "Really?" "We should talk to him." "No, let's let it play out." "Let's see where he leads us." "So, Thursday has a view, huh?" "To say Thursday has a view... is like saying the hubble telespe... has a magnifying glass." "It ithe most spectacular cityscape... our fair city has to offer." "Really?" "I have to go now." "Ay." "Are you gonna watch "moon landing..." "factr fiction?"..." "No." "Oh." "Then it leaves with me." "It was nice to see you, Mrs. suit." "Nice to see you, too, moz." "Thanks for the vino." "It was neal's." "Looks like our c.I. 'S left the building." "You want us to follow him or stay here?" "We should follow him." "We do both." "My guys stay and monitor the house." "We'll follow the miniature Caffrey." "I guess it's "put your c.I. To work" day." "This way." "Pretend you know me." "Give me a reason." "I've given your sweetheart safe passage, and in about two minutes, we're gonna clear his name." "They got to be talking about Burke and Franklin." "Excuse me, guys, I got to take this." "This is neal." "Hey." "Are you with deckard?" "Yeah, yeah." "Are you there, sir?" "I am." "Who that?" "Tell him it's bancroft." "It's bancroft." "Diana should be with stan volker." "Yeah." "Uh-huh." "That's correct." "Give me the phone." "Look, I think deckard wants to speak with you." "Caffrey, you still there?" "Did you lose him?" "It's deckard, sir." "Deckard?" "Put Caffrey back on." "Yes, sir." "I'm back." "Okay." "Have you ever run a prisoner's dilemma?" "I've been in one." "Well, now's your chance to run it on a U.S. marshal." "You clear on what to do?" "Crystal clear." "Thank you, sir." "What's going on?" "Just follow my lead." "$tan 1 was stolen earlier today... and apparently taken on quite a joy ride." "They thought they could bring it here for parts." "What are they doing in there?" "I think you know what they're doing in there." "That's it." "Who did this?" "We have them in custody, Mr. volker." "Don't worry." "Well, they're gonna pay." "Just need your signature..." "If you could read over this statement for me." "I think you'll find everything's in order." "Volker's cutting a deal with the FBI." "He's selling you out." "Yep, there it is..." "a signed confession." "See, once you showed up at volker's office, he knew it was only a matter of ti before you turned on him." "He made a deal." "Come on, deckard." "Don't make it harder than it is." "There is one more thing." "What is this all about?" "Deckard says you paid off an FBI Agent... to intimidate and kill witnesses in federal trials." "You're looking at 25 to life..." "Unless you start talking." "Deckard came up with the whole thing." "What do you want to know about him?" "Give it up." "Stay back!" "Hands up, deckard!" "It's over." "Put the gun down on the ground!" "You realize the grief you caused me with bancroft... when you fled?" "Being on this side of a manhunt... isn't all peaches and dandelions, is it?" "Beats being led away in cuffs." "Good working with you, deckard." "How'd it go?" "They've cleared Franklin of all charges." "Bancroft's reinstating him into the white collar division." "That's great work, everyone." "Let's get some rest." "Neal..." "Good work." "Thank you." "I'll be headed home, too." "Won't be going to the Powell today, 'cause, you know, it's outside my radius." "Please?" "Thanks for playing last night, moz." "Oh, the follow-the-leader stuff?" "That was child's play." "The reason I'm calling now... is because I've obtained some information since then." "What'd you find?" "I know who Kate called from the plane." "It was the FBI Agent who set up the deal between you and Kate." "Garrett Fowler." "Now I need to find him." "Caffrey!" "I'll get right back to you." "Sir." "Come here." "You planning on seeing this?" "Well, yeah, I was, but, you know, it's out of my range and..." "Uh-huh." "I've wanted to see this thing since it opened." "Let's go." "You know, from the moment I met you," "I could tell you're a man of refined tastes." "Oh, I know, hon." "I'll be home. 15 minutes, tops." "Oh, I can't wait, either." "Just a few hours sleep, and I'll be yours all day..." "And night."My First (and perhaps only) Blogging Award! My friend Susie has nominated me for the Very Inspiring Blogger Award. She is so sweet. Her blog is SusieShy45, and it always a joy to read: so please check it out. This is my second blogging host site, and I love WordPress: I have made so many friends and found so many blogs to read some days I can’t keep up. I started a blog because I want to write. Good reason, right? What I have found a vivid community of bloggers that I never expected. They are supportive, funny and very necessary to me. I thank everyone who reads my blog, and hope that I will continue to interest, entertain or inspire you (whatever it takes to keep you reading 😉 ) There are some rules I need to follow to accept this award, the first was taken care of by thanking Susie (which I would have done anyway). The second is that I need to list the rules and display the award (as if I wouldn’t!), the third is share seven facts about myself (forthcoming) and the fourth is that I nominate 15 fellow bloggers for the award (also forthcoming). Seven Facts about me: 1) In my 20s I was terribly depressed that I would never write anything to measure up to War & Peace 2) I have an odd combination of OCD and ADD, which makes me both compulsive and a scatterbrain ( I am not diagnosed, just have certain tendencies that way that have been generally noticed by most people I come in contact with) 3) I love anything that has four legs and a tail, and, fortunately, they love me back 4) I am currently unemployed and working to get a certification in Medical Admin Assistant to find a grown-up career 5) I really enjoy helping people 6) I was a farmer 7) I no longer care if I write War & Peace, I happy to write on my two blogs and see what comes I chose my bloggers for different reasons. Some are inspiring for the quality and quantity they write. It can be difficult to post several times a week and still be interesting and relevant. These bloggers do that. Some I picked for what they write. Opening a vein and spilling your life’s blood for the world to see is hard, and it is inspiring how unflinchingly these bloggers do that.Q: Loading images in array Java Which is the best way to store images in an array? I'm using ImageIO and I now wish to store them in an array. A: PixelGrabber is what you want. Image img = null; try { img = ImageIO.read(new File("img.png")); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } int w = img.getWidth(null); int h = img.getHeight(null); int[] pixels = new int[w * h]; PixelGrabber pg = new PixelGrabber(img, 0, 0, w, h, pixels, 0, w); try { pg.grabPixels(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("interrupted waiting for pixels!"); return; } if ((pg.getStatus() & ImageObserver.ABORT) != 0) { System.err.println("image fetch aborted or errored"); return; } for (int i = 0; i < pixels.length; i++) System.out.println(pixels[i]); A: If you read the whole images in memory, you can

[ 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 43500, 187, 187, 4118, 608, 15, 19, 15, 18, 15, 18147, 20727, 26713, 323, 34567, 1197, 12151, 12551, 27996, 1712, 1704, 22, 5256, 19, 5256, 18, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 187, 34, 5547, 2898, 273, 3676, 4715, 1561, 253, 5028, 273, 5016, 10554, 3249, 432, 247, 3425, 14, 3169, 2746, 4081, 281, 22318, 271, 5368, 8092, 7431, 407, 22455, 1162, 355, 15, 1254, 35, 1671, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 13771, 685, 970, 247, 1345, 5028, 10895, 13, 253, 4477, 6635, 247, 4942, 1355, 1180, 273, 11640, 313, 22, 6806, 884, 63, 21, 13146, 273, 271, 5368, 9282, 8092, 407, 16984, 9197, 281, 253, 388, 20, 4811, 273, 253, 3437, 51, 285, 9273, 253, 11640, 323, 4865, 1411, 247, 2303, 11611, 15, 380, 388, 20, 6430, 13, 13130, 347, 4865, 390, 1327, 14, 13018, 13, 497, 908, 347, 3280, 281, 1048, 14, 3945, 14, 14458, 14, 3945, 18902, 11454, 6928, 285, 27311, 267, 11454, 6928, 534, 497, 10166, 281, 3283, 253, 4865, 5203, 273, 253, 6430, 15, 6572, 967, 6928, 497, 840, 908, 281, 5806, 247, 43245, 4561, 873, 273, 818, 15, 19, 6806, 884, 63, 24, 63, 7431, 6430, 281, 495, 15, 18, 6806, 884, 63, 23, 63, 8131, 8980, 398, 15, 25632, 5175, 2692, 326, 1884, 562, 273, 1884, 12421, 4236, 8131, 4865, 6430, 3033, 5742, 281, 253, 2303, 11611, 13, 342, 581, 273, 253, 10488, 30259, 247, 1264, 14, 8089, 2572, 275, 15430, 15, 187, 187, 510, 8453, 273, 436, 1332, 310, 16318, 407, 253, 20407, 1783, 342, 247, 2605, 14, 3169, 2746, 15, 380, 4477, 7568, 326, 253, 1180, 273, 747, 4865, 3425, 13991, 4561, 407, 253, 8350, 14053, 3694, 310, 7367, 273, 9777, 4577, 685, 253, 4588, 3264, 4865, 3425, 2317, 285, 326, 253, 1959, 2341, 13418, 273, 253, 41329, 5289, 812, 417, 320, 908, 347, 247, 9630, 30410, 273, 4865, 2425, 15, 187, 187, 6175, 2605, 14, 3169, 3082, 452, 253, 2442, 281, 1957, 38539, 3386, 323, 247, 1677, 3280, 13, 3425, 14, 3169, 3082, 5649, 432, 625, 941, 11659, 1955, 281, 3715, 5661, 3082, 824, 347, 1735, 14, 14520, 12184, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 608, 15, 19, 15, 19, 15, 31790, 14, 29146, 1712, 1704, 22, 5256, 19, 5256, 19, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 187, 8195, 3425, 13757, 5933, 13, 31790, 14, 29146, 13, 4648, 271, 19862, 273, 11454, 6928, 285, 11786, 49104, 281, 22318, 271, 388, 20, 8357, 3425, 1254, 35, 1812, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 25487, 13, 24472, 1162, 355, 15, 1304, 3733, 271, 19862, 273, 2800, 11454, 6928, 313, 12071, 27311, 267, 10, 970, 5661, 35966, 3148, 941, 4561, 432, 3199, 920, 4679, 15, 367, 7526, 4679, 16851, 19133, 275, 4865, 15430, 407, 2256, 272, 247, 873, 273, 388, 20, 6430, 3033, 281, 815, 1131, 281, 247, 4865, 7324, 835, 1327, 14, 13245, 398, 403, 11974, 1977, 285, 8980, 398, 403, 4934, 323, 6774, 16334, 1254, 35, 1787, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 12090, 1027, 3210, 342, 11962, 35615, 497, 10166, 970, 2057, 247, 2097, 30044, 2228, 2957, 323, 9077, 273, 19133, 13, 390, 247, 8985, 2831, 15579, 323, 9162, 273, 388, 20, 3437, 24274, 326, 497, 47516, 18839, 275, 16334, 273, 3199, 920, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 13532, 253, 19862, 273, 11454, 6928, 13, 253, 4477, 897, 11786, 49104, 281, 22318, 3280, 8357, 6430, 15, 42748, 281, 11786, 18499, 13, 534, 310, 3839, 908, 281, 10007, 11454, 2990, 13461, 594, 347, 281, 15338, 247, 2957, 1159, 824, 347, 9162, 2228, 13, 11786, 49104, 310, 908, 275, 436, 1083, 281, 10007, 253, 3280, 3425, 594, 347, 281, 22950, 253, 3453, 15, 380, 4477, 1804, 326, 253, 897, 273, 271, 19862, 273, 2067, 11454, 6928, 4483, 323, 13757, 281, 1379, 6537, 11865, 407, 39793, 342, 1675, 281, 1027, 2990, 18012, 15, 187, 187, 11888, 436, 13757, 7241, 13, 253, 4477, 497, 2104, 281, 6635, 6430, 342, 3687, 19133, 685, 1097, 8357, 6430, 285, 6430, 1561, 253, 3733, 10895, 15, 831, 1534, 906, 5936, 326, 253, 11454, 2990, 3210, 497, 2104, 281, 26480, 25839, 4457, 3280, 3733, 941, 13, 6830, 407, 4715, 1029, 1268, 14237, 273, 752, 14802, 18839, 4865, 15, 187, 187, 28144, 13, 253, 4477, 7568, 8936, 3045, 970, 247, 11786, 49104, 1332, 2429, 281, 625, 1846, 1006, 800, 3210, 824, 347, 39762, 6753, 14, 2083, 351, 398, 285, 6380, 11333, 15, 1723, 13, 352, 310, 12744, 1880, 390, 417, 253, 3064, 875, 841, 3082, 310, 26585, 281, 253, 3740, 273, 13757, 13, 390, 281, 253, 3064, 275, 253, 10336, 273, 253, 2990, 313, 70, 15, 72, 904, 1180, 273, 8090, 390, 3828, 9552, 481, 187, 187, 33397, 281, 253, 1332, 3715, 407, 22455, 1162, 355, 15, 1254, 35, 1671, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 5413, 436, 1332, 4336, 4493, 27156, 253, 878, 323, 8350, 941, 534, 310, 3012, 625, 2834, 281, 16270, 15, 1723, 13, 352, 310, 4122, 11543, 326, 841, 3082, 39970, 973, 2439, 2303, 22240, 15, 496, 1016, 1332, 253, 2990, 310, 4944, 281, 941, 2792, 6012, 432, 247, 2014, 2303, 11611, 285, 3103, 9433, 436, 1332, 281, 247, 1027, 2303, 651, 2430, 9470, 9685, 14, 13068, 5175, 281, 6635, 253, 3733, 941, 285, 1275, 262, 253, 1566, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 608, 15, 19, 15, 20, 15, 18147, 14418, 1712, 1704, 22, 5256, 19, 5256, 20, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 187, 30763, 14418, 310, 247, 2605, 14, 3169, 1332, 534, 13698, 281, 30215, 2601, 12872, 275, 616, 17463, 264, 34241, 1375, 347, 2057, 2032, 390, 3221, 8980, 398, 1254, 35, 1839, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 380, 3280, 281, 253, 2990, 310, 247, 46092, 9860, 8818, 432, 247, 4229, 14, 3281, 3817, 4845, 1475, 253, 5673, 15, 1916, 6016, 9381, 28931, 13, 253, 4477, 8495, 253, 4972, 875, 253, 5289, 4055, 273, 2280, 281, 581, 273, 253, 1264, 13249, 24039, 15, 380, 2990, 3139, 310, 9924, 273, 1740, 27311, 267, 8090, 3560, 407, 14604, 21539, 285, 9004, 1245, 4872, 5085, 15, 1916, 4979, 253, 46092, 2317, 715, 247, 581, 14, 6967, 4972, 285, 9674, 715, 247, 10554, 273, 4865, 13, 4156, 3388, 45900, 310, 3732, 281, 253, 46092, 2317, 3560, 407, 767, 4751, 4802, 8090, 15, 187, 187, 4527, 3877, 1060, 310, 253, 5978, 273, 4016, 941, 908, 281, 6194, 253, 2990, 15, 32725, 6667, 275, 436, 1083, 3730, 281, 667, 5289, 534, 403, 417, 2032, 8980, 398, 15, 6915, 4016, 6667, 310, 247, 12232, 3213, 275, 9162, 13, 347, 253, 2990, 1364, 320, 7329, 281, 690, 830, 273, 4016, 3280, 323, 5547, 3733, 15, 1916, 6635, 841, 4016, 6667, 13, 253, 4477, 897, 247, 3809, 14, 39, 15421, 4979, 313, 3269, 53, 4587, 3169, 36267, 5933, 13, 1503, 37, 9466, 13, 281, 3609, 13583, 36267, 5482, 432, 253, 873, 273, 19958, 10138, 569, 1254, 35, 1012, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 187, 187, 35012, 318, 273, 253, 2601, 5673, 347, 247, 46092, 9860, 310, 271, 27350, 2568, 20276, 5700, 15, 35346, 13, 253, 3280, 1979, 273, 253, 2990, 45798, 253, 46092, 2317, 281, 247, 2014, 1979, 15, 380, 4477, 11399, 436, 407, 14155, 253, 1979, 273, 253, 19069, 4817, 715, 253, 2990, 281, 1110, 1355, 2217, 281, 4944, 715, 253, 11542, 9860, 2317, 15, 32216, 13, 247, 22090, 28931, 1895, 15877, 1955, 281, 253, 5928, 273, 247, 1846, 7844, 2439, 512, 19069, 15, 15397, 46092, 3082, 908, 323, 495, 37, 5113, 476, 3798, 1379, 5750, 273, 271, 10466, 12926, 4972, 281, 13469, 28931, 2439, 271, 7844, 15, 10535, 1981, 28931, 875, 253, 5780, 24039, 476, 320, 2218, 970, 247, 12421, 27272, 2715, 273, 253, 3280, 390, 407, 16994, 22090, 45900, 715, 253, 2990, 10336, 15, 1723, 13, 841, 3082, 403, 45783, 323, 625, 685, 767, 10103, 347, 253, 1180, 273, 1896, 39501, 3058, 17202, 28596, 15, 9937, 841, 7364, 13, 18147, 14418, 33526, 6879, 6, 9162, 7200, 327, 22791, 15302, 13, 17227, 17036, 275, 436, 9162, 4836, 187, 187, 25420, 281, 253, 3910, 3786, 5393, 875, 8092, 14, 386, 3855, 19069, 285, 2087, 20250, 2513, 13, 352, 310, 417, 2590, 326, 253, 1566, 1060, 3559, 651, 320, 7032, 273, 17816, 3221, 2762, 9162, 15, 831, 1895, 778, 1918, 6054, 281, 562, 14, 1171, 14, 35360, 6332, 13, 534, 12893, 672, 253, 6944, 3733, 10895, 310, 417, 8612, 273, 697, 1524, 14, 10186, 897, 1083, 15, 1723, 13, 3707, 323, 253, 41113, 46092, 2317, 1979, 13, 253, 1566, 10336, 285, 3280, 2605, 3559, 1561, 18147, 14418, 310, 8489, 639, 79, 6932, 281, 253, 1511, 273, 5673, 6760, 15, 733, 943, 320, 4879, 13, 2299, 13, 326, 253, 1566, 434, 22095, 327, 8820, 11461, 273, 253, 5673, 2170, 943, 417, 35007, 697, 30437, 4404, 8092, 283, 386, 3855, 19069, 13, 534, 7081, 1327, 14, 3431, 20631, 494, 3910, 275, 5281, 13503, 15752, 1254, 35, 23, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 187, 187, 4118, 608, 15, 19, 15, 21, 15, 7057, 52, 3801, 14, 13422, 1712, 1704, 22, 5256, 19, 5256, 21, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 94, 187, 187, 510, 7057, 52, 3801, 2746, 3249, 562, 273, 253, 5675, 1673, 273, 17856, 3676, 4715, 15, 28396, 432, 247, 17489, 6779, 273, 247, 2601, 2553, 13, 247, 12097, 310, 3562, 407, 17221, 247, 1127, 327, 253, 17489, 285, 512, 20667, 2553, 2792, 1561, 247, 2931, 35917, 4181, 1254, 35, 1867, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656, 5815, 273, 253, 2553, 2792, 310, 28267, 342, 17856, 285, 5793, 3386, 534, 6266, 7759, 273, 16841, 13, 7036, 580, 414, 13, 28039, 2442, 13, 17957, 706, 5755, 285, 9946, 5533, 2442, 15, 380, 12097, 310, 1066, 14, 22163, 6216, 715, 247, 9860, 273, 5096, 27925, 313, 22, 14599, 6806, 1668, 12336, 481, 5815, 10269, 4428, 253, 7605, 1599, 273, 253, 4735, 12474, 273, 253, 2792, 534, 403, 7922, 281, 253, 3969, 10269, 15, 380, 5096, 27925, 13, 32891, 407, 6994, 285, 12336, 11627, 13, 403, 4817, 347, 3280, 715, 247, 873, 273, 35917, 27311, 267, 15116, 281, 6635, 247, 581, 14, 6967, 30047, 273, 253, 2601, 2553, 15, 22343, 1050, 2781, 14, 10730, 272, 310, 908, 281, 11399, 12336, 28931, 15, 380, 581, 14, 6967, 30047, 310, 840, 22407, 407, 247, 4751, 4802, 3828, 15, 380, 5780, 10336, 310, 12258, 347, 2898, 14, 6160, 13, 534, 30599, 253, 3745, 281, 897, 253, 337, 37, 42785, 347, 3280, 715, 271, 2898, 2173, 1566, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 6194, 271, 2898, 2173, 1566, 323, 5016, 10554, 13, 247, 7321, 2715, 273, 253, 39716, 2957, 1159, 310, 908, 13, 534, 46926, 253, 29850, 4181, 875, 253, 337, 37, 42785, 273, 271, 18536, 313, 66, 4865, 2601, 12097, 10, 285, 247, 2762, 313, 66, 48301, 12097, 281, 253, 18536, 582, 285, 11903, 4219, 253, 4181, 875, 253, 18536, 285, 247, 4016, 313, 66, 12421, 6777, 13, 1327, 14, 681, 3018, 552, 2553, 12097, 281, 253, 18536, 481, 380, 4477, 43413, 767, 2553, 20412, 432, 767, 4858, 4324, 281, 320, 2762, 8557, 604, 253, 12097, 12127, 403, 1561, 247, 1355, 4181, 432, 581, 1529, 387, 253, 2601, 283, 20529, 5673, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 2557, 253, 1566, 434, 3045, 13, 253, 4477, 30215, 18745, 4632, 15, 1327, 14, 47787, 8557, 285, 1304, 271, 2170, 762, 253, 6970, 273, 253, 11452, 6498, 8847, 313, 51, 3231, 30728, 10, 273, 470, 15, 1525, 672, 970, 17856, 285, 5793, 3386, 15, 380, 4477, 2007, 7472, 253, 1566, 434, 3045, 327, 1027, 20077, 273, 253, 941, 407, 6153, 20077, 273, 1698, 13, 1029, 285, 1077, 1029, 5673, 13503, 15752, 15, 733, 310, 4722, 281, 3877, 326, 13, 347, 3264, 13, 253, 9162, 3045, 273, 253, 1566, 15323, 281, 470, 15, 3593, 39526, 30728, 970, 1097, 17856, 285, 5793, 4735, 5239, 327, 253, 1698, 5281, 19767, 8578, 285, 2007, 281, 470, 15, 3655, 285, 470, 15, 1976, 672, 970, 760, 253, 17856, 285, 5793, 3386, 327, 436, 8578, 13, 2975, 15, 187, 187, 16490, 52, 3801, 3186, 310, 10166, 327, 247, 5878, 273, 8092, 283, 386, 3855, 285, 2601, 283, 20529, 19069, 342, 642, 13812, 875, 253, 767, 15, 1284, 5393, 3786, 13, 8092, 283, 386, 3855, 6355, 10738, 247, 2074, 5281, 13503, 15752, 281, 326, 273, 643, 2601, 283, 20529, 19069, 1254, 35, 23, 14, 46345, 14, 2693, 14, 5831, 19, 1656 ]

-09-00012} ----------------------------------------------- ### 5.2.1. Deep Learning Used for Antibody Lead Optimization {#sec5dot2dot1-antibodies-09-00012} A successful application of deep learning within the domain of interaction prediction comes from a sequence-based approach proposed to optimize an existing antibody candidate by Mason et al. \[[@B35-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Rather than using a public domain dataset, the authors generate a relatively small number of variants (5 × 10^4^) of an existing therapeutic antibody by introducing mutations to the H3 regions of the CDR and screening the variants for binding against a target antigen. The H3 sequences, labeled as binding or non-binding, were used as input to long-term-short-term recurrent neural networks and convolutional neural networks which were trained to predict the binding label of the sequences. Trained networks were then used to filter a computationally generated set of 7.2 × 10^7^ candidate sequences to 3.1 × 10^6^ predicted binders. Experimental testing showed that 30 out of 30 randomly selected predicted binding sequences bound specifically to the target antigen, with one of the thirty exhibiting a three-fold increase in affinity. The significance of this method is highlighted by the comparative analysis with a structure-based approach. The authors demonstrate that the number of new binding sequence suggestions generated by the structural modeling software is orders of magnitude smaller than the actual expected binding sequence space and that the free energy estimation of the modelled structures could not be used as a reliable classifier of binding activity. While structure-based methods have the potential to represent richer features for a given input, sequence-based methods benefit from more data availability due to developed experimental methods such as next-generation sequencing. ### 5.2.2. Ens-Grad {#sec5dot2dot2-antibodies-09-00012} Another sequence optimization algorithm, Ens-Grad, uses an ensemble of neural networks and gradient ascent to optimize an H3 seed sequence \[[@B36-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Briefly, Liu et al. report training an ensemble of six neural networks (five convolutional) using experimental phage display data generated from panning experiments. Panning experiments approximate enrichment in binding affinity by subjecting a set of H3 sequences bound to phages to a binding competition where non-binders are washed away and binders are kept for subsequent rounds \[[@B37-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Several different models with varying architectures were trained using either a means squared error loss for regression of enrichment, or a binary cross entropy for classification of H3 CDRs that were successively enriched in rounds of panning. After fitting the ensemble of neural networks, the authors use gradient ascent to optimize input seed sequences. Contrary to gradient descent, which is generally used to modify neural network weights so as to minimize a loss function such as classification error, gradient ascent is used in this case to modify the input sequence so as to maximize the output. The authors suggest that the use of an ensemble of several neural networks allows for optimization to take controlled paths by optimizing with respect to different network outputs. Using this optimization protocol, the authors were able to generate sequences with greater enrichment than both seed sequences and sequences within the training dataset. This significant result suggests that the neural network models were able to extrapolate beyond input training data, possibly by learning high level representations of what determines enriched binding. Additionally, the authors demonstrate superior performance using a gradient ascent method compared to more common generative models such as variational auto-encoders and genetic algorithms. However, it is unclear whether or not the difference between these methods is attributable to the style of optimization, or to the difference in the architecture of the network (e.g., number of layers or layer sizes). Similar to the method developed by Mason et al. \[[@B35-antibodies-09-00012]\], this method completely circumvents the need for structural data which is significantly more difficult to acquire. However, it is highly unlikely that these methods generalize well across target antigens. In each method the network is fit to data points derived from a single target antigen and therefore applying this method to a different target would require extensive wet-lab testing to generate the training data and refit the model. ### 5.2.3. DeepInterface {#sec5dot2dot3-antibodies-09-00012} DeepInterface is a structure-based method which aims to classify protein complexes in their docked conformational state as either true or false binders \[[@B38-antibodies-09-00012]\]. The input to the network is a voxel grid constructed from a fixed-size box placed around the interface. To handle rotation ambiguity, the authors align the vector between the structures center of mass to one of the three coordinate axes. The network itself is composed of four convolutional layers followed by batch normalization and rectified linear units. To transform the voxel space into a one-dimensional vector and subsequently into a prediction of binding, global average pooling is applied to the voxel space followed by two fully connected layers. Of note here is the generation of negative data used to train the network. Negative examples in this case refer to any structures which are not true binders. Using negative examples is a vital step in classification, as the network must be exposed to some form of negative input for successful training. To generate these negative examples, the authors use a fast-Fourier transform (FFT)-based docking algorithm, ZDOCK, to select incorrect docking solutions from the set of sampled conformations \[[@B13-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Representation of the protein interface as a voxel grid is an intuitive yet problematic strategy. Firstly, the input size of the network restricts the voxel space to a single size. The authors overcome this by limiting the size of the interfaces passed into the network to those small enough to fit into the bounded grid space. Secondly, a rotational ambiguity problem arises due to the absence of a common axis across all interfaces. Similar voxel methods used for 3D objects can usually take advantage of an implied gravity vector to eliminate ambiguity across an axis. Handling ambiguity between the remaining axes can be done using a randomly rotated version of the input or by implementing rotational pooling into the network architecture. However, these methods are impractical for more than two dimensions as the number of possible rotations needed grows exponentially. Despite these limitations, DeepInterface achieves 75% classification accuracy on benchmark datasets, demonstrating viability in this classification task Due to the differences previously mentioned between antibody-antigen interfaces and general PPIs, it is not clear that the model here presented would be capable of avoiding false positive classification. This problem may give rise to out-of-distribution errors, which arise when the underlying training dataset is not representative of its real-world use case. However, except for the bounding voxel space size, the model architecture and input structure presented within DeepInterface is somewhat agnostic to the type of interface evaluated. It should be noted, however, that the model's reliance on spatial arrangement of the interface area should not hinder its applicability towards antibody--antigen interfaces, which possess non-discernable differences in shape complementarity \[[@B6-antibodies-09-00012]\]. ### 5.2.4. MaSIF-Search {#sec5dot2dot4-antibodies-09-00012} The MaSIF approach comes out of the growing field of geometric deep learning. Starting from a mesh representation of a protein surface, a patch is created by selecting a point on the mesh and all neighboring surface points within a defined geodesic distance \[[@B39-antibodies-09-00012]\]. Each of the surface points is annotated with geometric and chemical features which describe degrees of curvature, concavity, electrostatic potential, hydrophobicity and hydrogen bond potential. The patch is down-sampled into a grid of 80 bins (5 radial × 16 angular). Each bin contains the statistical mean of the feature attributes of the points which are assigned to the corresponding bin. The 80 bins, indexed by polar and angular coordinates, are passed as input into a set of geodesic convolutional filters to generate a one-dimensional descriptor of the protein surface. Rotational max-pooling is used to overcome angular ambiguity. The one-dimensional descriptor is then refined by a fully connected layer. The remaining architecture is regarded as application-specific, which expresses the ability to use the 1D descriptors as input into an application specific model. To train an application specific model for interaction prediction, a modified version of the triplet loss function is used, which minimizes the Euclidean distance between the 1D descriptors of an anchor (a binding protein patch) and a positive (a complimentary patch to the anchor), and maximizes the distance between the anchor and a negative (a randomly chosen, non-complementary surface patch to the anchor). The authors deem two surface patches from two separate proteins to be positive pairs if the patch centers are within a small distance from one another at the protein--protein interface. To measure the model's performance, the authors classify interacting vs. non-interacting pairs and report an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC AUC) of 0.99 when using geometric and chemical features. The authors further evaluate the model's performance on different subsets of the data by creating subsets of low, high and very high interface complementarity. It is interesting to note that, as expected, the classification performance of the model drops to 0.81 ROC AUC using both geometric and chemical feature sets on the low shape complementary subset and further to 0.73 and 0.75 when using only the geometric and chemical features on this subset, respectively. MaSIF search is trained on a mix of antibody--antigen and protein--protein interfaces with no distinction between the two. As mentioned previously, antibody--antigen interactions exhibit a similar shape complementarity to that of other protein--protein interfaces \[[@B6-antibodies-09-00012]\].

[ 452, 309, 1239, 247, 1984, 283, 43574, 314, 417, 275, 30543, 12792, 390, 4369, 7805, 283, 601, 41023, 285, 594, 12482, 13, 594, 28055, 11132, 285, 594, 1966, 18260, 6793, 449, 1969, 22817, 9109, 273, 13219, 80, 42567, 16531, 29624, 187, 187, 8836, 540, 41597, 871, 326, 359, 4288, 253, 407, 1576, 273, 1495, 26277, 15, 3196, 15, 30416, 358, 1686, 254, 3936, 436, 1846, 3282, 8668, 285, 949, 39470, 7846, 1137, 8368, 29698, 352, 715, 247, 3469, 494, 29609, 323, 3811, 15, 3032, 372, 14, 2577, 296, 1877, 285, 1966, 1320, 273, 253, 38037, 8062, 273, 40378, 6242, 6548, 253, 9414, 281, 253, 1711, 519, 486, 326, 359, 403, 512, 275, 253, 1072, 9735, 285, 13, 2007, 13, 326, 352, 310, 28561, 30048, 281, 1339, 9361, 320, 627, 15, 187, 187, 21419, 1382, 3130, 2971, 13, 23011, 9966, 13, 380, 45594, 2711, 6516, 273, 5003, 14912, 187, 187, 7130, 281, 1781, 4311, 2175, 327, 9282, 6973, 13, 4369, 44469, 1346, 8, 3745, 281, 2096, 616, 8548, 556, 644, 2783, 253, 1273, 954, 1774, 13255, 2803, 275, 512, 17484, 15, 380, 2488, 273, 436, 41023, 4644, 14993, 281, 3157, 776, 4685, 273, 253, 24878, 9282, 2442, 326, 253, 1966, 5350, 323, 32496, 6556, 13, 285, 281, 3157, 776, 897, 273, 352, 275, 9282, 3946, 15, 187, 187, 29449, 432, 253, 789, 273, 1270, 45086, 275, 11727, 13, 6239, 13, 31525, 13, 20162, 13, 285, 2675, 23496, 13, 285, 3332, 32912, 275, 6551, 21559, 13, 253, 2488, 3400, 247, 29254, 273, 5899, 12342, 273, 32496, 285, 10513, 247, 747, 13, 625, 44380, 5426, 15, 187, 187, 7673, 5742, 13, 253, 2488, 47566, 253, 5044, 5319, 273, 1655, 2060, 2531, 1827, 5970, 326, 403, 27715, 1561, 5899, 12342, 273, 32496, 285, 16633, 327, 253, 4473, 326, 802, 3967, 280, 12600, 875, 1966, 14965, 1057, 417, 816, 1379, 1659, 275, 253, 32884, 1962, 533, 310, 271, 36080, 1232, 15, 380, 1984, 671, 19401, 8249, 16958, 432, 253, 1673, 273, 1061, 1825, 3155, 1497, 824, 347, 4014, 26300, 285, 502, 1094, 87, 899, 593, 13, 534, 476, 320, 1869, 273, 347, 2714, 2219, 273, 32496, 15, 380, 2442, 323, 2176, 3510, 273, 23986, 281, 2572, 776, 802, 3967, 280, 15277, 310, 671, 14859, 15, 187, 187, 4814, 29621, 27, 187, 187, 3351, 856, 1634, 776, 4685, 273, 253, 2442, 323, 32496, 281, 10260, 7278, 9282, 3946, 187, 187, 14410, 84, 432, 11727, 13, 6239, 13, 31525, 13, 20162, 13, 2675, 23496, 13, 285, 6551, 21559, 281, 2794, 247, 747, 5426, 273, 32496, 187, 187, 33611, 4624, 5899, 12342, 273, 32496, 285, 16681, 616, 20544, 285, 32213, 22395, 38, 2775, 378, 24512, 659, 40593, 285, 40070, 11502, 52, 403, 1060, 2, 187, 187, 30430, 16, 2374, 14, 13641, 395, 40394, 27, 1281, 434, 36909, 733, 1198, 1227, 51, 16, 2, 187, 187, 6723, 368, 15586, 342, 1227, 83, 22549, 3166, 368, 971, 247, 18872, 2746, 281, 16733, 4513, 436, 2834, 3590, 32, 21726, 604, 368, 403, 6110, 275, 271, 3909, 22586, 323, 634, 2567, 16, 19221, 4145, 861, 14, 484, 323, 253, 327, 14, 36478, 9759, 2, 187, 187, 510, 3406, 43577, 187, 187, 1552, 3239, 556, 644, 4395, 281, 2060, 7223, 323, 6927, 6003, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 588, 1089, 512, 273, 731, 347, 5926, 1066, 7223, 762, 34294, 20898, 323, 14532, 3724, 15, 187, 187, 7845, 4579, 604, 368, 1089, 667, 5816, 4859, 27, 187, 187, 1473, 939, 33, 31166, 621, 48460, 15, 681, 187, 187, 20968, 8339, 187, 187, 7845, 1928, 1959, 281, 897, 285, 3894, 436, 1491, 342, 634, 11651, 285, 12440, 275, 253, 1673, 15, 6101, 897, 273, 253, 4753, 323, 634, 3946, 943, 2486, 3806, 281, 436, 2670, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 6510, 15, 7764, 513, 417, 12119, 667, 273, 436, 1491, 390, 7177, 281, 634, 3367, 390, 1345, 4422, 1293, 2720, 3542, 9612, 15, 7820, 13, 368, 476, 1501, 247, 3048, 432, 634, 4422, 281, 436, 4422, 281, 2289, 253, 7177, 15, 187, 187, 47258, 4211, 327, 43048, 12286, 43048, 403, 417, 3894, 494, 285, 403, 6885, 407, 9451, 15, 7764, 1928, 1959, 281, 1480, 634, 11651, 281, 619, 4657, 281, 7471, 616, 1211, 10125, 15, 322, 3485, 247, 1643, 4957, 275, 619, 4657, 7729, 281, 8409, 253, 2105, 273, 11850, 436, 2670, 285, 4483, 479, 281, 3959, 1959, 5300, 281, 14532, 3724, 15, 11239, 368, 2, 48640, 327, 9282, 2538, 273, 9373, 302, 6361, 6728, 18061, 407, 479, 3757, 1999, 12549, 6979, 275, 1363, 342, 20280, 14300, 15, 187, 3980, 394, 302, 6361, 6728, 18061, 313, 3271, 53, 10, 556, 2489, 253, 9282, 4500, 273, 4327, 323, 990, 14, 13311, 6728, 2728, 15, 380, 4388, 273, 436, 1263, 369, 281, 7409, 253, 2544, 273, 6821, 23876, 15448, 13, 2625, 14, 936, 14, 24946, 4313, 313, 52, 10189, 582, 4499, 14, 936, 14, 24946, 4313, 313, 36, 10189, 582, 5165, 12393, 10235, 313, 38348, 10, 2193, 285, 8338, 616, 1318, 275, 16344, 253, 9282, 2538, 273, 9373, 302, 6361, 6728, 18061, 313, 3271, 53, 10, 327, 20280, 14300, 387, 337, 15, 22, 27876, 14478, 15, 19388, 1363, 342, 20280, 14300, 17362, 473, 20072, 497, 2908, 275, 436, 1263, 15, 44347, 14478, 285, 12393, 14, 24676, 2460, 313, 14279, 42, 10, 313, 67, 1318, 426, 12891, 256, 16, 2188, 9, 19, 1228, 6430, 497, 3732, 327, 1016, 3110, 1078, 285, 846, 473, 20072, 13, 285, 841, 1363, 497, 6289, 281, 347, 253, 26308, 285, 16002, 2390, 15, 19388, 5875, 4292, 497, 4236, 347, 253, 2622, 1387, 15, 2732, 2460, 11931, 13, 253, 6821, 23876, 4871, 313, 56, 582, 9544, 313, 53, 582, 2978, 313, 45, 582, 253, 9080, 273, 253, 20280, 17716, 313, 5414, 10, 285, 6821, 23876, 17716, 313, 3871, 10, 497, 4080, 285, 253, 6821, 23876, 4644, 313, 55, 10, 369, 5118, 15, 380, 36120, 285, 330, 10189, 497, 4080, 327, 308, 19, 56, 42, 15, 380, 34026, 8115, 497, 5118, 970, 253, 270, 10487, 275, 20091, 2513, 285, 253, 34026, 2193, 497, 4080, 15, 20901, 342, 253, 26308, 1387, 13, 253, 6821, 23876, 657, 13, 6442, 285, 7388, 6137, 3012, 275, 253, 16002, 1387, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 481, 1876, 6821, 23876, 21418, 2193, 497, 3012, 1027, 875, 26308, 285, 2622, 2390, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 481, 380, 6821, 23876, 418, 285, 657, 497, 3012, 1027, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 10, 875, 16002, 285, 2622, 2390, 15, 380, 36120, 285, 330, 10189, 2193, 497, 1722, 15, 2526, 3279, 577, 15, 3763, 285, 2145, 15, 1093, 3279, 495, 15, 805, 13, 1903, 15, 1235, 3279, 337, 15, 1540, 285, 818, 15, 2031, 3279, 577, 15, 1237, 13, 577, 15, 1348, 3279, 337, 15, 1348, 285, 495, 15, 2941, 3279, 374, 15, 3156, 275, 253, 26308, 13, 16002, 285, 2622, 2390, 13, 2975, 15, 6295, 36120, 285, 330, 10189, 6137, 846, 473, 20072, 13, 533, 597, 369, 1335, 2169, 685, 253, 2622, 2193, 15, 380, 36120, 369, 3012, 1027, 875, 667, 767, 2390, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 481, 380, 330, 10189, 369, 3012, 1027, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 10, 875, 253, 26308, 285, 16002, 2390, 13, 26308, 285, 2622, 2390, 15, 380, 6821, 23876, 34026, 2193, 497, 313, 18, 15, 23688, 3279, 470, 15, 35340, 10, 6806, 884, 1490, 20, 10, 5823, 9, 19, 1933, 84, 13, 313, 18, 15, 8193, 3279, 470, 15, 15161, 10, 6806, 884, 1490, 20, 10, 5823, 9, 19, 1933, 84, 285, 313, 17, 15, 28315, 3279, 470, 15, 28943, 10, 6806, 884, 1490, 20, 10, 5823, 9, 19, 1933, 84, 275, 253, 26308, 13, 16002, 285, 2622, 2390, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 3064, 273, 34026, 2193, 497, 1534, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 10, 875, 253, 26308, 285, 16002, 2390, 13, 285, 253, 26308, 285, 2622, 2390, 15, 473, 20072, 310, 271, 3576, 1332, 273, 1971, 323, 20280, 14300, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 16821, 11052, 253, 6821, 23876, 657, 13, 352, 476, 671, 6379, 253, 6821, 23876, 36120, 13, 330, 10189, 285, 34026, 2193, 275, 1363, 342, 20280, 14300, 15, 380, 2544, 273, 6821, 23876, 36120, 13, 330, 10189, 285, 34026, 846, 473, 20072, 778, 320, 9371, 275, 5277, 1327, 26681, 24864, 1491, 275, 18005, 253, 9282, 1055, 273, 473, 20072, 327, 20280, 14300, 15, 46, 3205, 372, 42078, 15333, 4014, 71, 3876, 42888, 1753, 10028, 266, 14822, 3897, 209, 2246, 44654, 372, 826, 37568, 2960, 372, 1244, 83, 5069, 31903, 418, 1954, 29283, 473, 1288, 9325, 247, 826, 3327, 301, 14994, 372, 826, 2719, 26907, 66, 15761, 35871, 1304, 15333, 30670, 4474, 441, 86, 12416, 372, 4358, 30924, 2675, 265, 13, 2899, 20302, 1448, 30787, 80, 1448, 4613, 4611, 372, 826, 24901, 38680, 1473, 299, 2899, 20302, 372, 19345, 29378, 3667, 4330, 7860, 40322, 15, 187, 187, 53, 255, 8960, 1639, 2001, 1321, 31247, 16078, 13, 5245, 249, 324, 6464, 372, 826, 2986, 47341, 838, 301, 49016, 1448, 20730, 26869, 10334, 284, 1452, 21000, 13, 340, 12294, 37831, 8502, 26228, 47900, 4420, 13, 1957, 7961, 372, 3010, 2072, 22943, 1045, 19244, 14345, 40322, 11051, 7909, 13, 37266, 257, 711, 585, 406, 254, 258, 523, 274, 345, 20320, 19664, 1778, 900, 372, 7460, 9390, 340, 36188, 37581, 284, 46154, 22636, 7766, 372, 826, 49712, 992, 571, 546, 15563, 372, 418, 1954, 29283, 473, 1288, 9325, 13, 20056, 246, 40594, 8254, 80, 1753, 396, 492, 682, 372, 440, 769, 80, 711, 265, 468, 3377, 5586, 28080, 274, 1045, 1195, 328, 4786, 1448, 4613, 4611, 372, 402, 629, 7112, 15, 187, 187, 9323, 503, 3377, 4474, 16495, 30731, 20406, 14822, 12368, 711, 446, 466, 25070, 372, 42078, 15333, 247, 295, 35209, 48473, 13, 1045, 2949, 38, 3794, 22125, 273, 5660, 12704, 27, 773, 2369, 19273, 1501, 5650, 1448, 2949, 38, 278, 850, 6230, 642, 288, 12451, 37732, 36075, 14822, 1753, 6362, 1246, 2960, 6598, 187, 187, 30641, 309, 29997, 570, 473, 75, 15055, 13, 1608, 647, 66, 11957, 356, 293, 340, 33609, 336, 10876, 332, 66, 187, 187, 42524, 35813, 372, 36912, 46591, 13, 818, 372, 12468, 900, 313, 40194, 30731, 20406, 481, 1253, 914, 66, 2986, 47341, 247, 10115, 20092, 66, 15563, 1244, 83, 5069, 31903, 418, 1954, 29283, 473, 1288, 9325, 13, 4613, 4611, 838, 301, 49016, 372, 826, 10089, 32206, 773, 43, 2084, 375, 388, 609, 19530, 13314, 571, 7521, 26510, 298, 11670, 2960, 19764, 3300, 3230, 247, 11074, 5069, 372, 42078, 15333, 4014, 71, 3876, 42888, 38106, 10028, 266, 14822, 3897, 209, 2246, 44654, 372, 1753, 1045, 1957, 7961, 372, 826, 24901, 38680, 1473, 37568, 489, 247, 826, 3327, 301, 14994, 372, 36912, 46591, 15, 187, 187, 8677, 549, 4011, 1452, 372, 12368, 711, 446, 466, 25070, 372, 42078, 15333, 9425, 34627, 28588, 345, 1045, 2349, 25568, 287, 372, 418, 1954, 29283, 473, 1288, 9325, 345, 3897, 2899, 20302, 1448, 40764, 5309, 6691, 280, 4692, 372, 15186, 1118, 375, 313, 14546, 46, 582, 1963, 15119, 26926, 614, 1448, 37581, 1792, 3377, 479, 89, 280, 4692, 13, 345, 1045, 1753, 1045, 20730, 26869, 10334, 284, 1452, 21000, 11737, 5711, 440, 31310, 624, 36726, 391, 1950, 1033, 7112, 546, 4358, 32528, 47793, 3300, 24288, 340, 1753, 13, 355, 22865, 1209, 13, 298, 35784, 372, 402, 27135, 4501, 1448, 16172, 265, 7222, 3377, 13, 1579, 1954, 1578, 284, 347, 365, 14852, 284, 15, 187, 187, 3848, 913, 10207, 3088, 345, 28887, 8960, 1639, 2001, 1321, 31247, 16078, 13, 5245, 249, 324, 6464, 372, 826, 2986, 47341, 838, 301, 49016, 1448, 20730, 26869, 10334, 284, 1452, 21000, 13, 826, 2986, 47341, 8227, 571, 18219, 31310, 406, 2960, 247, 9500, 40954, 35860, 27, 773, 52, 7391, 274, 1666, 5650, 15563, 34653, 48, 5586, 2336, 4927, 19565, 257, 31801, 11158, 826, 540, 2083, 4501, 1448, 362, 4881, 13, 340, 2412, 23537, 1753, 826, 41171, 2836, 66, 27, 2802, 85, 351, 375, 3347, 45862, 265, 340, 642, 21554, 1484, 362, 4881, 16236, 20056, 826, 41171, 14076, 642, 3293, 260, 658, 6598, 187, 187, 7647, 270, 6836, 13, 6706, 343, 785, 13, 18219, 546, 826, 476, 13420, 1448, 19244, 14345, 40322, 11051, 7909, 313, 7570, 582, 1448, 1753, 35656, 266, 2340, 489, 247, 14753, 80, 15, 187, 187, 7647, 5245, 249, 324, 6464, 372, 2986, 47341, 1448, 10334, 284, 1452, 21000, 6583, 1954, 1753, 4358, 42078, 15333, 546, 15563, 1448, 4613, 4611, 372, 3010, 2072, 396, 15761, 761, 487, 7112, 546, 826, 32982, 35813, 372, 36912, 46591, 13, 714, 1028, 255, 9435, 13, 19660, 284, 1940 ]

have I read a book--surely not in psychoanalysis or psychotherapy--so scholarly and so accessible, so theoretically challenging and so humanistically rich." --International Journal of Psychoanalytic Self Psychology People intuitively know that we travel the byways of life jointly. Dr. Staemmler takes this common sense perspective and through professionally astute examination transforms it into a dependable guideline for living. His de-mystification and humanization of the elusive dynamics of communal existence returns the reader to the old adage that we are all in the same boat and, further, that it is emotionally imperative to let ourselves be there. Erving Polster, PhD Director, The Gestalt Institute of San Diego According to large scale studies on therapeutic outcomes, psychotherapists' ability to understand their clients has been considered the second most important healing factor in all therapies. The author of this scholarly volume seeks to improve our understanding of the immense therapeutic potential that the human capacity for empathy holds, and to improve our use of it in therapeutic practice. Drawing from the work of great thinkers in philosophy, literature, theology, psychology, and social sciences, and recent discoveries in neuroscience, the author provides a critique of traditional concepts of empathy and creates a new, more expansive definition. More specifically, the author exposes the basic characteristics of current individualistic ideologies that are concealed within traditional concepts of empathy and focuses on the concept that empathic relating between human beings does not just take place in the psyche but is an embodied process. The book also considers scientific phenomena from the field of parapsychology such as telepathy and clairvoyance, which can be thought of as special cases of empathy. The potential for certain types of meditation to increase our empathic abilities is also explored. Key Features: Improves our understanding of the potential for empathy to greatly enhance therapeutic practice Draws from philosophy, literature, theology, psychology, social sciences, and neuroscience to create a new definition of empathy Critiques traditional concepts of empathy and highlights their strengths and weaknessesSPEECH Bumper Stickers and MAGNETS are here! Online/On-Demand Workshop: Let's Hear It For /R/! Are you struggling with /r/? Do you want a structured approach to remediate this difficult sound? Email if you are interested in an online workshop for your company/school OR sign-up for the on-demand presentation! Therapy Documents This page has been moved to individual pages for easier organization. You will find all of them as drop down pages under Therapy Materials for SLPs. Please email if you find any missing links: [email protected] Copyright Information Please feel free to use and share this information with your colleagues and professionals in the field. Any use of the materials for your practice should include reference to this site as the location of origin. Please do not upload any of this information or documents to your personal or public website without prior written approval. Instead, you can post a link from your website to this website to access the documents. Products sold on Teachers Pay Teachers are not shareable and are protected by copyright. Please feel free to direct your colleagues to my store to purchase their own copies. Selling a few items in my store helps to offset the cost of maintaining this site and allows me to offer free resources to SLPs. Thank you!Evaluation on therapeutic effects of orthotopic liver transplantation by megnetic resonance imaging in patients with portal hypertension. Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has become the therapeutic option of choice for end-stage liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of splenic morphology, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and explore their value in evaluating the therapeutic effects of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) on portal hypertension at 1.5 Tesla MRI. Twenty patients with portal hypertension undergoing OLT were included in this study. Conventional MRI and diffusion-weighted image (DWI) (b value = 600 s/mm(2)) sequences were applied on each patient before and after OLT, and these patients were referred to as the preoperative and postoperative groups. Twenty healthy individuals were selected as the normal group. After image acquisition, the splenic width (W), thickness (T), length (L), the diameter of the portal vein (PD) and splenic vein (SD) were measured and the splenic volume (V) was calculated. The SNR and CNR were measured on T2WI. The ADC maps were calculated using the b600 in DWIs and the ADC values were measured. Compared with the preoperative group, the splenic V, PD and SD decreased significantly in the postoperative group (P < 0.05). All splenic morphological values were significantly different between preoperative and normal groups (P < 0.05). The splenic L and V were significantly different (P < 0.05) between postoperative and normal groups. The SNR and CNR values were 17.66 ± 4.62 and 13.18 ± 3.12, 11.50 ± 1.64 and 7.44 ± 4.32, 4.24 ± 1.24 and 3.03 ± 2.41 in the preoperative, postoperative and normal groups, respectively. Both SNR and CNR decreased after OLT, but they was still higher than the normal values. The SNR was significantly different between any two groups (P < 0.05). The CNR was significantly different (P < 0.05) between the preoperative and postoperative groups, preoperative and normal groups. The splenic ADC values were (1.339 ± 0.482) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, (1.120 ± 0.254) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s and (0.997 ± 0.447) × 10(-3) mm(2)/s in the preoperative, postoperative and normal groups, respectively. The difference of ADC values were significant (P < 0.05) between the preoperative and postoperative groups, and the preoperative and normal groups. OLT is an effective method of treatment for portal hypertension. In addition to dramatically decreasing the splenic V, it can also decrease the splenic SNR, CNR and ADC values in patients with portal hypertension. The changes of splenic SNR, CNR and ADC after OLT may be helpful in providing noninvasive supplementary information in assessing the therapeutic effect of OLT on portal hypertension.Miles de llamadas telefónicas que alertan sobre los riesgos de la llegada de Andrés Manuel López Obrador a la Presidencia de la República han sido reportadas tanto por usuarios de las redes sociales, integrantes del equipo del candidato de la izquierda e integrantes de Movimiento Regeneración Nacional. Tatiana Clouthier Carrillo, coordinadora de la campaña presidencial del político tabasqueño, y Horacio Duarte Olivares, representante de Morena ante el Instituto Nacional Electoral, dicen desconocer o contar con algún indicio de quién y qué empresas están detrás de la estrategia en contra de López Obrador, pero tienen claro que se trata de un acto desesperado para frenar el triunfo del candidato de su partido. Consultado por SinEmbargo sobre este despliegue de llamadas a nivel nacional, el INE respondió oficialmente: “no hay postura del INE mientras no haya resolución sobre queja presentada”. Por Ivonne Ojeda, Shaila Rosagel y Dulce Olvera Ciudad de México, 7 de junio (SinEmbargo).– Una campaña a gran escala contra Andrés Manuel López Obrador, candidato presidencial de la coalición “Juntos Haremos Historia”, fue lanzada esta semana a través de llamadas telefónicas donde alertan sobre los riesgos de que el representante de la izquierda llegue a la Presidencia de México. El arranque de este despliegue de llamadas masivas coincide con el encuentro de López Obrador con los integrantes del Consejo Mexicano de Negocios (CNM), organismo élite del empresariado mexicano, con el que el político tabasqueño tuvo un enfrentamiento ríspido en las últimas semanas y que, al parecer, luego de su reunión del martes pasado, limó esas asperezas. De acuerdo con Tatiana Clouthier Carrillo, coordinadora de la campaña presidencial del político tabasqueño, la campaña sucia está enfocada a dos objetivos: “Soltar basura contra AMLO para ver si pueden cambiar la intención del voto, y lograr que la gente diga: ‘todos son iguales y no voy u voto’, pero la gente ya no les cree”. La bola, afirma, está en la cancha del Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE), del que esperan investigue a fondo. La coordinadora de campaña del tabasqueño confirmó que las llamadas en contra del candidato de Morena se han recibido en la Ciudad de México, Yucatán, Tabasco

[ 9750, 1514, 31743, 337, 46, 87, 18, 27913, 313, 4185, 15, 24, 10970, 6295, 16417, 16381, 11467, 337, 13, 933, 13, 933, 2014, 18379, 28103, 313, 18243, 3724, 10, 285, 253, 14787, 875, 253, 20231, 5239, 310, 2761, 3962, 15, 187, 187, 510, 322, 4061, 3410, 1254, 35, 746, 1184, 3797, 8994, 19, 13, 933, 730, 42119, 5870, 15, 1723, 13, 776, 6260, 10522, 247, 17010, 8578, 273, 841, 941, 15, 3973, 13, 359, 2908, 760, 3530, 730, 42119, 327, 271, 39971, 337, 46, 3781, 28, 5870, 574, 281, 320, 686, 3362, 84, 8, 11253, 273, 271, 30195, 3101, 285, 3392, 13, 271, 5876, 1742, 395, 285, 271, 30195, 40239, 28, 285, 512, 2758, 273, 247, 9853, 574, 281, 452, 3426, 21238, 30119, 2222, 6, 12240, 2281, 481, 7214, 3530, 273, 5284, 38408, 497, 2908, 15, 5284, 38408, 323, 253, 322, 4061, 5870, 369, 3413, 970, 28540, 32953, 1254, 35, 1423, 2947, 35, 1508, 1184, 323, 512, 2130, 322, 4061, 1742, 2287, 15, 1916, 2589, 253, 38408, 1783, 359, 4236, 608, 13, 16198, 19208, 342, 387, 1878, 8688, 15, 26, 6, 5841, 323, 21238, 13, 574, 5884, 17153, 4294, 6908, 39, 8994, 17, 15, 1762, 13, 285, 497, 387, 1878, 470, 15, 22, 48681, 7419, 15, 40788, 497, 29102, 715, 7457, 38408, 2390, 1754, 327, 1740, 1534, 10103, 273, 38408, 15, 380, 4275, 2620, 9959, 13, 534, 2918, 247, 2264, 273, 337, 13, 28057, 5870, 13, 497, 3636, 347, 1146, 273, 5284, 18499, 15, 380, 38408, 7368, 1491, 5678, 342, 3426, 16381, 1491, 20714, 247, 2264, 273, 898, 2082, 322, 4061, 5870, 323, 253, 1783, 15, 187, 187, 510, 329, 12295, 23266, 337, 10895, 1254, 35, 1036, 2947, 35, 938, 1184, 17224, 337, 13, 33953, 5870, 13, 273, 534, 337, 13, 18962, 497, 3786, 3636, 281, 320, 273, 5284, 38408, 1254, 35, 938, 1656, 5284, 38408, 369, 5783, 407, 6260, 8931, 281, 1110, 3732, 281, 253, 322, 4061, 5870, 313, 2887, 14117, 1873, 544, 18, 1084, 52, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 6962, 14, 4990, 28479, 5317, 322, 18, 481, 187, 187, 30466, 7103, 187, 23796, 187, 187, 1845, 25002, 323, 253, 322, 4061, 285, 329, 12295, 27361, 497, 11245, 275, 247, 2074, 5133, 313, 1542, 10401, 7241, 323, 322, 4061, 13, 923, 1254, 35, 746, 29547, 323, 329, 12295, 13, 923, 1254, 35, 1036, 2947, 35, 938, 34494, 1876, 322, 4061, 4651, 497, 22546, 323, 5271, 1204, 46177, 50045, 407, 253, 13796, 5271, 1204, 34689, 5174, 38536, 1254, 35, 1348, 1184, 313, 1286, 14, 16223, 10, 285, 253, 8404, 4568, 532, 15683, 414, 14446, 428, 32967, 5489, 11099, 1254, 35, 1099, 1184, 313, 37650, 386, 1304, 481, 5076, 13, 2021, 2892, 7103, 10432, 806, 15770, 1273, 15770, 390, 2626, 14, 14577, 17772, 665, 1313, 10401, 6866, 323, 29895, 390, 12720, 12564, 15, 1198, 329, 12295, 5870, 7904, 15, 19, 6, 497, 1929, 281, 320, 25993, 13, 1529, 6480, 15, 19, 6, 497, 3636, 347, 44053, 327, 253, 3720, 273, 247, 2021, 2892, 7809, 642, 1929, 806, 14, 281, 2626, 14, 14577, 17772, 342, 29895, 13, 285, 253, 5780, 1458, 15, 23, 6, 497, 273, 7202, 3708, 15, 5838, 326, 954, 329, 12295, 4651, 497, 417, 24181, 6760, 323, 29895, 13, 12401, 1110, 432, 253, 322, 4061, 13, 285, 672, 329, 12295, 4651, 497, 24181, 6760, 13, 253, 1543, 497, 417, 908, 281, 3601, 562, 5876, 4292, 285, 3021, 25993, 5870, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 1223, 512, 2130, 322, 4061, 2021, 2758, 497, 730, 42119, 13, 760, 2885, 14, 856, 4152, 1195, 375, 497, 730, 42119, 323, 253, 329, 12295, 1014, 672, 3081, 26379, 497, 2130, 15, 187, 187, 10588, 5705, 187, 573, 187, 187, 35325, 6012, 432, 247, 16397, 3410, 13, 5742, 337, 13, 35216, 4292, 432, 4775, 25647, 1254, 35, 1731, 1656, 9175, 3530, 497, 671, 730, 42119, 327, 253, 39971, 496, 9750, 1514, 31743, 337, 46, 87, 20, 313, 563, 80, 10, 3781, 13, 751, 954, 273, 253, 329, 12295, 941, 13, 5277, 7126, 3294, 1430, 342, 253, 1083, 10895, 15, 5076, 13, 359, 31114, 326, 29895, 310, 10481, 7520, 313, 36344, 337, 6, 1254, 35, 1630, 1184, 10, 326, 22546, 285, 5061, 719, 2348, 5760, 651, 4917, 2074, 1543, 15, 187, 187, 9824, 272, 187, 9794, 187, 187, 1992, 1056, 617, 262, 1430, 8197, 10870, 13, 359, 18748, 512, 5870, 285, 1453, 5705, 1754, 327, 253, 1563, 6866, 27, 512, 497, 273, 5284, 18499, 347, 3413, 407, 24663, 14, 383, 18280, 38408, 313, 14087, 1873, 544, 18, 1084, 52, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 6962, 14, 4990, 28479, 5317, 322, 18, 558, 21238, 323, 512, 2021, 2758, 1313, 32881, 3290, 1453, 313, 37556, 10, 6866, 28, 285, 1453, 3530, 1313, 8931, 47230, 6866, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 1264, 941, 5239, 359, 806, 9703, 19208, 730, 42119, 327, 512, 13498, 15, 2635, 23851, 4915, 13, 22039, 13, 16944, 13, 285, 15679, 19208, 497, 5176, 15, 329, 2264, 273, 854, 1012, 13, 38049, 20231, 2439, 253, 3307, 1125, 11751, 285, 15406, 1594, 497, 2908, 323, 2007, 3290, 7103, 15, 2058, 253, 1268, 273, 4292, 13, 359, 2424, 326, 41234, 12240, 2281, 320, 3687, 685, 10508, 5294, 326, 627, 320, 642, 26210, 5001, 25662, 285, 16381, 14, 47586, 433, 2825, 13, 285, 642, 4292, 275, 1027, 5870, 497, 8244, 2905, 15, 2058, 253, 1268, 273, 2060, 19208, 13, 1016, 20231, 1364, 452, 247, 16381, 12240, 2281, 8994, 10508, 5294, 452, 6908, 39, 8994, 470, 15, 520, 13, 285, 4711, 247, 475, 49, 4842, 2877, 323, 29944, 14, 1231, 37722, 12902, 8994, 470, 15, 5523, 15, 11977, 841, 47230, 5018, 13, 941, 432, 898, 2082, 322, 4061, 9853, 5870, 285, 337, 13, 18962, 329, 12295, 5870, 497, 5867, 970, 21238, 432, 48396, 13, 20395, 19208, 15, 187, 187, 21214, 10426, 285, 16038, 187, 36311, 187, 187, 4118, 8464, 303, 839, 617, 262, 1430, 347, 247, 1083, 14, 8519, 4499, 187, 187, 10759, 262, 1430, 273, 29895, 432, 1742, 2287, 7147, 5760, 369, 5998, 970, 443, 1647, 34, 3694, 1254, 35, 1619, 5413, 534, 31360, 253, 3762, 10090, 562, 275, 1254, 35, 1166, 2947, 35, 1093, 1656, 5729, 33630, 273, 29895, 369, 2668, 281, 320, 337, 6, 1254, 35, 1630, 1656, 1198, 1016, 273, 253, 6260, 13, 37003, 47244, 6397, 5395, 313, 6217, 46, 10, 497, 3413, 323, 1016, 273, 253, 3495, 25112, 970, 253, 393, 283, 11145, 14, 737, 78, 4500, 275, 443, 1647, 34, 1254, 35, 1619, 1656, 2053, 497, 840, 5678, 275, 271, 4583, 4315, 13, 970, 253, 393, 283, 78, 737, 78, 4500, 275, 443, 1647, 34, 15, 380, 806, 884, 8624, 4295, 273, 38408, 497, 3413, 970, 393, 283, 5902, 66, 275, 443, 1647, 34, 15, 2053, 884, 33102, 497, 840, 908, 347, 33520, 323, 26230, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 970, 393, 283, 250, 1686, 275, 443, 1647, 34, 15, 329, 8996, 273, 470, 15, 520, 323, 27734, 6637, 9360, 369, 908, 281, 4979, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 327, 253, 2540, 4311, 281, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 327, 253, 9781, 4311, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 380, 9317, 273, 26230, 617, 262, 1430, 432, 30195, 2021, 2758, 187, 187, 25420, 281, 253, 9273, 273, 322, 4061, 3530, 13, 642, 322, 4061, 4651, 651, 2525, 6866, 323, 29895, 15, 10300, 326, 310, 253, 1083, 13, 752, 310, 253, 22861, 323, 34018, 731, 281, 320, 5876, 285, 42455, 731, 281, 5760, 281, 6642, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 275, 253, 17087, 5978, 32, 6166, 253, 21842, 617, 262, 1430, 1566, 4651, 13185, 1142, 6380, 11640, 273, 1355, 1055, 281, 616, 22167, 13, 342, 253, 15355, 326, 2716, 651, 320, 12573, 432, 1016, 2885, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 1742, 2287, 403, 3021, 625, 2074, 387, 9781, 20024, 685, 3264, 407, 4839, 13, 285, 776, 4736, 310, 281, 6642, 436, 2559, 6380, 14259, 15, 9368, 272, 253, 4651, 5876, 285, 42455, 616, 21238, 281, 326, 273, 5760, 310, 247, 3626, 2746, 281, 26230, 616, 6380, 7680, 281, 9781, 285, 352, 556, 49280, 275, 11745, 30222, 13, 824, 347, 13418, 273, 253, 617, 262, 1430, 273, 8463, 3275, 432, 697, 26677, 14475, 432, 12156, 84, 13, 672, 760, 253, 12156, 434, 5343, 40573, 1918, 8463, 313, 1542, 1650, 1254, 35, 1717, 34494, 187, 187, 34, 2074, 4154, 3637, 323, 30195, 26379, 432, 322, 4061, 5870, 15, 2053, 26379, 943, 4763, 247, 3632, 3410, 273, 253, 2885, 434, 21885, 285, 13, 275, 15355, 13, 436, 10491, 651, 2486, 2716, 253, 9781, 23561, 4824, 407, 1016, 2885, 15, 3308, 253, 30195, 22167, 943, 11472, 253, 3388, 9781, 4824, 407, 253, 4651, 285, 436, 1268, 476, 320, 5998, 407, 6789, 731, 5876, 285, 42455, 616, 21238, 281, 1110, 432, 5760, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 3759, 3339, 281, 11897, 3264, 617, 262, 1430, 323, 4651, 285, 17927, 14, 38211, 187, 187, 6175, 253, 6239, 4428, 7418, 10414, 281, 253, 7977, 273, 2495, 11640, 4824, 407, 4651, 273, 44053, 7147, 25993, 5870, 13, 359, 812, 417, 1089, 11745, 30222, 6260, 273, 352, 347, 247, 1159, 273, 24228, 420, 313, 9088, 310, 2905, 789, 327, 253, 3486, 273, 4471, 14, 77, 2423, 24954, 327, 253, 1612, 273, 7431, 3320, 5864, 2175, 1254, 35, 1229, 2947, 35, 2405, 34494, 844, 3103, 6760, 253, 475, 9127, 11, 617, 262, 1430, 323, 4651, 13, 30195, 26379, 13, 285, 17927, 14, 38211, 327, 253, 3720, 273, 9938, 285, 253, 3762, 273, 11745, 30222, 5001, 253, 5438, 8967, 313, 1542, 29895, 13, 5512, 337, 2673, 285, 253, 2380, 281, 5438, 313, 9127, 1818, 275, 253, 3072, 434, 1599, 9781, 481, 380, 9938, 403, 4158, 281, 25066, 24228, 420, 323, 44053, 285, 25993, 5870, 15, 187, 187, 4041, 8014, 19208, 1907, 271, 3486, 327, 9781, 497, 15524, 15, 380, 17153, 4294, 323, 20231, 475, 74, 2992, 475, 81, 11881, 74, 41137, 12848, 875, 470, 15, 520, 285, 470, 15, 1525, 15, 15699, 617, 262, 1430, 475, 73, 21237, 19, 8769, 2439, 512, 475, 79, 11, 426, 9098, 19208, 369, 873, 281, 320, 2057, 470, 15, 1235, 390, 470, 15, 1976, 323, 1742, 2287, 342, 29895, 15, 380, 4103, 6349, 273, 1016, 20231, 13, 475, 88, 11881, 74, 41137, 369, 3413, 407, 806, 17221, 247, 6919, 246, 12890, 74, 3853, 875, 470, 285, 337, 387, 3632, 970, 247, 6447, 3268, 15, 2053, 9098, 2193, 497, 2879, 281, 4044, 475, 53, 2992, 285, 1016, 20231, 369, 17375, 407, 475, 88, 11881, 74, 3853, 426, 246, 12890, 74, 3853, 16, 53, 15, 380, 17153, 19137, 1055, 323, 1016, 20231, 891, 369, 840, 3413, 347, 370, 66, 578, 74, 94, 426, 393, 2609, 464, 1124, 92, 88, 578, 74, 94, 73, 578, 74, 1990, 19, 5932, 19, 81, 578, 74, 889, 1274, 9, 551, 18, 428, 268, 578, 74, 599, 393, 918, 10, 11971, 1198, 1016, 9864, 9098, 5870, 497, 4561, 11253, 273, 247, 3392, 13, 3101, 13, 285, 581, 1429, 313, 2696, 49, 44053, 10, 390, 767, 2151, 313, 3528, 36, 44053, 390, 329, 12295, 25993, 481, 2588, 9117, 323, 253, 4651, 497, 7922, 387, 3632, 970, 253, 17153, 11383, 13, 1223, 2151, 2959, 23561, 432, 253, 4651, 970, 253, 4803, 273, 30521, 20836, 24954, 15, 22300, 247, 17927, 14, 8519, 369, 4561, 407, 10941, 253, 16381, 273, 253, 4651, 281, 326, 273, 253, 1742, 395, 285, 34018, 253, 440, 14, 3675, 3004, 17153, 273, 1016, 2885, 347, 253, 23561, 323, 253, 17927, 14, 8519, 434, 16381, 15, 2732, 512, 21238, 275, 247, 2021, 497, 7922, 13, 253, 6380, 7680, 281, 253, 6944, 9781, 13466, 323, 1016, 2060, 480, 275, 253, 2021, 369, 3413, 407, 475, 40, 11881, 75, 3853, 1186, 30, 1186, 1853, 228, 1186, 12890, 74, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 95, 3503, 79, 21237, 89, 11881, 74, 11881, 66, 11881, 74, 3853, 1186, 2106, 1186, 11, 3955, 11881, 40, 3853, 275, 534, 475, 89, 11881, 74, 3853, 310, 253, 17153, 1385, 323, 20231, 891, 285, 475, 3955, 11881, 40, 3853, 1186, 30, 1186, 1853, 228, 1186, 12890, 74, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 95, 3503, 79, 21237, 81, 11881, 74, 46608, 18, 1186, 2106, 1186, 11, 81, 11881, 74, 3853, 2888, 66, 11881, 74, 3853, 310, 253, 3388, 6380, 7680, 689, 512, 21238, 15, 1916, 26065, 253, 6938, 4833, 327, 253, 13466, 273, 2060, 480, 13, 299, 95, 75, 9854, 359, 12491, 247, 3632, 1180, 432, 247, 2622, 3268, 342, 1599, 470, 285, 11041, 313, 18, 13023, 73, 21237, 19, 8769, 481, 380, 9781, 13466, 369, 840, 3413, 347, 475, 90 ]

finium^®^ 1Mv1 microarray (98.7%). Both arrays genotype roughly 1,000,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the overlap between the SNP sets is almost perfect. The SSC sample \[[@B19]\] includes \>2,000 genotyped families. However, our analyses targeted a homogeneous subset of these data. First, we included only samples genotyped on an Illumina 1M array; families had to be 'quads' consisting of an unaffected mother and father, an affected proband and an unaffected sibling; and all members of a quad had to have complete genotypes (\>95% completion rate). Only samples of European ancestry were included. European ancestry for the SSC families was determined using GemTools \[[@B22],[@B23]\] for all available SSC probands. To conduct the ancestry analysis we selected 5,156 SNPs with at least 99.9% calls for genotypes, had minor allele frequency MAF \>0.05, and were at least 0.5 Mb apart. Individuals were clustered into nine ancestry groups based on four significant dimensions of ancestry. The central five clusters, which held a total of 1,686 families, were identified as being of European descent. The ancestry cluster information combined with complete genotype information yielded a total of 965 SSC families for the analysis. The AGP Stage 1 dataset \[[@B16],[@B20]\] comprised 1,471 families, of which 1,141 were previously identified to be of European ancestry \[[@B20]\]. European ancestry was confirmed by analyses identical to those applied to the SSC families (see Additional file [1](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}: Figure S1). Clinical evaluation ------------------- Probands for the SSC and AGP cohorts were diagnosed in a similar manner (for diagnostic protocol for SSC, see \[[@B19]\]; for AGP, see \[[@B16],[@B20]\]). All SSC parents were screened for Autism Spectrum Disorder by the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire \[[@B24]\] (self-report) and the Social Reciprocity Scale - Adult Research Version \[[@B25]\] (informant report). Moreover, family history evaluation excluded first-, second-, or third-degree relatives who met diagnostic criteria for ASD or intellectual disability. For AGP families 46.2% were known to be multiplex, another 38.2% were identified as simplex on the basis of a family history indicating no known first- to third-degree relatives with ASD, and the remaining 15.6% were of unknown status. Note that most AGP parents were not systematically evaluated for ASD, unlike those from the SSC, and when AGP parents were systematically evaluated, the results were not used to screen out affected individuals and thus multiplex families. In addition, while all available SSC family members were genotyped, only parent-proband trios were genotyped for the AGP even when additional siblings were available. Control subjects ---------------- Controls derived from a convenience sample, specifically 1,663 individuals from HealthABC \[[@B26]\]. Control samples were also genotyped on the Illumina Infinium^®^ 1Mv3 (duo) array, like most of the AGP data, providing excellent comparability with the case dataset. Moreover, we reasoned that ASD is sufficiently rare (approximately 1% \[[@B27]\]) that screened and unscreened controls would yield similar results. Filtering --------- To make heritability estimates comparable, we filtered all families and control subjects based on the following criteria: all were of European descent as determined by genetically-estimated ancestry (Additional file [1](#S1){ref-type="supplementary-material"}: Figure S1); genotypes for all family members met stringent quality control (QC) criteria; and control samples met identical QC criteria. For the three data sets we first chose SNPs genotyped on all platforms. Then ambiguous AT, TA, CG, and GC SNPs were removed. A total of 813,960 SNP across the 22 autosomes and chromosome X were included for further quality evaluation. At the level of individuals, we required that genotyping completion rate be greater than 98%, that there be no discrepancy regarding nominal and genotype-inferred sex, and no individuals in different families were closely related. At the level of individual SNPs, each SNP must have a genotype completion rate \> 98%, have MAF \> 0.01, and produce a *P*-value for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium \> 0.005. Following these QC steps, data from 965 SSC quad families and 1,141 AGP families were analyzed using genotypes from 713,259 SNPs. Statistical calculations and motivation --------------------------------------- ### Estimating heritability as a case-control contrast Heritability of ASD from probands versus controls was estimated using GCTA software \[[@B28]\], which encodes the theory laid out in \[[@B17],[@B18]\]. Prevalence of ASD was taken to be 1% \[[@B27]\]. For each of the analyses, Genetic Relationship Matrices (GRM) were determined for each of the 23 chromosomes using the \--make-grm option in GCTA \[[@B28]\]. These were then combined in an overall matrix, using the \--mgrm option in GCTA. The first 10 principal components of ancestry were determined using \--pca in GCTA. These 10 PCA were then used as covariates for estimating the heritability using \--reml in GCTA. A prevalence of 0.01 for autism spectrum disorders was used to transform the heritability on the observed scale to the heritability on the liability scale. ### The logic of estimating heritability from unaffected family members Due to the screening of SSC samples, no SSC parents would meet criteria for ASD. Given that is the case, what is the justification for assigning them to be affected and contrasting them to controls to estimate the heritability in the parental generation? Under the additive heritability model parents transmit many genetic variants of small effect to their offspring, with the expectation that half would be transmitted from each parent. The parents of probands are thus more similar at liability loci than expected by chance, and our goal is to estimate this increased genetic similarity. Calling the parents affected and contrasting their genotypes to that of controls is a natural approach to estimating their genetic contribution to liability and it has precedence in quantitative genetics, such as estimation of the heritability of milk production from its covariance arising from bulls, when only the bull's female progeny give milk (for example \[[@B29]\]). A similar argument follows for unaffected siblings from SSC families. These siblings should receive a random sample of the parent's genomes and, in expectation, this sampling would include half the liability alleles carried by each parent. Thus the unaffected offspring should mirror the average liability carried by the parents and this level can be estimated by calling them affected and contrasting their genotypes to those from controls. ### Simulations to compute expected heritability for parents and pseudo-controls While the literature contains numerous references to the burden of risk variants carried by parents of simplex versus multiplex families, we could not find quantitative genetics analyses of it as a function of ascertainment (there is related work on the impact of multi-locus inheritance on the power of candidate gene association studies \[[@B30],[@B31]\]). We therefore evaluated the *expected* heritability for parents, unaffected siblings, and pseudo-controls on the basis of simulations and the theory of quantitative genetics regarding the selection differential (for ASD, approximately 1%) and the response to selection (expected change in the population's mean liability). The simulations are designed to mimic ascertainment for simplex and multiplex families. One thousand SNPs having an impact on liability were simulated. The allele frequency for SNP *i*, *p*~*i*~, varied between 0.01 and 0.99. Overall heritability *h*^*2*^ across all *n* = 1000 SNPs was set to be either 0.50 or 0.75 for probands with ASD. The relative importance of each SNP, *w*~*i*~, was determined by first selecting a fraction t~*i*~ between 0 and 1 at random using a uniform distribution. These 1000 values were added to obtain *T*, and each SNP was weighted by *w*~*i*~ = t~*i*~/T. The allele substitution effect for each SNP i was then determined as $a_{i} = \sqrt{\frac{w_{i}h_{i}^{2}}{2p_{i}\left( {1 - p_{i}} \right)}}$. For each simulation 1000 families were generated consisting of a father, mother, and one child (AGP simplex) or two children (SSC simplex or AGP multiplex). Genotypes for the parents were assigned at random using the allele frequencies, while children received alleles from the parents using the rules of Mendelian inheritance. Likewise a pseudo-control was generated by comparing the genotype of the parents to that of the proband and assigning the un-transmitted allele of each parent as the alleles for the pseudo-control's genotype. After all genotypes in a family were assigned, the genetic contribution to the underlying liability phenotype for each individual j in the family was determined by *G*~*j*~ = ∑ ~*i* = 1~^*n*^*x*~*i*~*a*~*i*~ − *μ*~*G*~ in which *x*~*i*~ is the allele count for SNP i and *μ*~*G*~ = ∑ ~*i* = 1~^*n*^*p*~*i*~(1 − *p*~*i*~)*a*~*i*~ is the average genetic contribution over all genotypes. To simulate the environmental influence on the phenotype of individual j, e~j~, we drew a random number from a normal distribution with mean 0 and variance (1-*h*^*2*^). The liability phenotype was then determined as *y

[ 4896, 3790, 562, 253, 873, 285, 253, 3961, 13, 1024, 47975, 24028, 264, 407, 436, 1127, 13, 1379, 4055, 3924, 285, 6026, 1264, 2069, 281, 247, 46012, 42934, 41958, 285, 45927, 15, 187, 187, 22960, 37230, 13, 368, 16139, 15, 19348, 26702, 1694, 4824, 1977, 285, 752, 3053, 562, 281, 320, 271, 2934, 273, 849, 4484, 247, 12699, 273, 253, 1840, 9777, 812, 320, 13, 4541, 3531, 715, 247, 1083, 273, 25924, 14, 20700, 7989, 14, 33223, 16921, 2866, 3548, 457, 85, 326, 849, 444, 15, 45, 15, 5490, 313, 1235, 1608, 3355, 273, 49142, 14, 8997, 10, 3395, 247, 45651, 32, 187, 187, 6693, 1576, 6701, 323, 4361, 352, 13, 1339, 479, 871, 752, 369, 9829, 390, 752, 3058, 281, 320, 2879, 281, 253, 873, 3550, 16, 9029, 285, 309, 778, 1239, 634, 5701, 15, 1198, 1024, 13, 352, 457, 84, 673, 281, 10013, 247, 29861, 13, 4076, 4266, 598, 285, 5467, 253, 1652, 26531, 1899, 15, 187, 187, 27543, 90, 1214, 33167, 3170, 40186, 187, 187, 18281, 436, 27, 6745, 187, 187, 31068, 187, 187, 17835, 187, 187, 49967, 688, 187, 187, 10252, 22940, 187, 187, 53, 360, 41266, 187, 187, 7673, 187, 187, 1276, 84, 2946, 187, 187, 17148, 8863, 187, 9817, 436, 27, 6975, 32784, 1051, 31870, 457, 84, 13711, 9836, 1885, 313, 40, 9308, 10, 3116, 323, 4437, 14, 22784, 6247, 369, 577, 15, 3677, 5294, 253, 8840, 1580, 253, 7150, 7402, 4562, 3919, 4072, 13, 672, 352, 369, 577, 15, 20, 5294, 2556, 281, 2208, 941, 3863, 327, 6794, 15, 41598, 3936, 247, 7000, 1007, 387, 436, 21169, 9058, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 310, 6276, 24820, 3116, 1066, 4515, 32, 187, 187, 40, 9308, 12093, 3055, 8353, 26671, 13, 2208, 26671, 13, 8149, 285, 2036, 24217, 313, 23756, 19734, 27226, 481, 4683, 841, 26290, 13, 2208, 26671, 13, 534, 2789, 598, 1475, 884, 6, 273, 24820, 13, 8899, 253, 22583, 387, 1903, 15, 25, 6, 275, 253, 2626, 7150, 15, 1310, 436, 310, 1669, 562, 273, 24820, 13, 752, 4558, 310, 253, 1327, 14, 20129, 24820, 390, 253, 3055, 629, 273, 253, 6982, 15, 8758, 14, 20129, 24820, 3116, 275, 253, 7150, 369, 495, 15, 2222, 5294, 10909, 3720, 2792, 2406, 685, 4583, 24820, 3116, 15, 2596, 3720, 1127, 310, 581, 4289, 394, 273, 247, 7155, 15, 1893, 13, 5091, 6, 273, 253, 6982, 310, 5675, 1199, 17357, 685, 253, 4583, 6982, 15, 831, 310, 253, 1895, 15, 187, 187, 3145, 13525, 10882, 496, 253, 4565, 4240, 7150, 13, 1327, 14, 20129, 24820, 8899, 1077, 3809, 387, 854, 15, 2504, 7739, 3932, 840, 13, 352, 556, 13547, 11485, 285, 556, 625, 685, 7905, 1272, 281, 495, 15, 2222, 6, 187, 187, 7146, 1060, 281, 1859, 28148, 19908, 187, 187, 4967, 556, 1327, 14, 12312, 85, 24820, 3116, 28837, 32, 187, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 2590, 9058, 1060, 15, 496, 253, 4565, 4240, 7150, 13, 1327, 14, 20129, 24820, 8899, 1077, 3809, 387, 854, 15, 2504, 7739, 3932, 840, 13, 352, 556, 13547, 11485, 285, 556, 625, 685, 7905, 1272, 281, 495, 15, 2222, 7739, 2596, 1921, 323, 436, 8696, 275, 253, 22170, 273, 8149, 689, 253, 1390, 767, 19902, 15, 496, 253, 4397, 285, 4565, 19902, 13, 4583, 8149, 275, 253, 5396, 6982, 11111, 1164, 407, 577, 15, 1047, 6, 285, 608, 15, 1036, 5294, 2975, 15, 20859, 8353, 26671, 3116, 1309, 253, 1390, 767, 19902, 556, 28837, 281, 608, 15, 3571, 6, 285, 608, 15, 2691, 5294, 2975, 15, 2726, 8149, 34602, 13, 352, 310, 417, 10084, 326, 3055, 8353, 556, 28837, 1066, 15, 187, 187, 2347, 403, 8149, 285, 8353, 7939, 32, 187, 187, 30381, 420, 10513, 7375, 15, 32254, 2085, 6021, 13, 534, 13, 275, 1614, 13, 29426, 8353, 15, 2726, 8149, 34602, 13, 2217, 7375, 403, 417, 1146, 3562, 323, 253, 4829, 3041, 5396, 8920, 11734, 253, 26843, 1046, 1770, 15, 7757, 13, 352, 310, 417, 10084, 326, 8353, 3116, 556, 28837, 1066, 16821, 436, 807, 15, 187, 187, 2347, 588, 24820, 3116, 19021, 275, 3919, 7150, 32, 187, 187, 510, 2120, 3486, 273, 253, 24891, 15742, 327, 253, 5396, 6982, 588, 320, 3543, 1309, 436, 2180, 15, 831, 588, 3486, 253, 10264, 629, 273, 253, 6982, 13, 534, 556, 8791, 11111, 3938, 407, 470, 15, 3079, 6, 285, 470, 15, 1099, 5294, 2975, 13, 275, 253, 1390, 767, 19902, 15, 15222, 13, 253, 2891, 4849, 273, 253, 4275, 2208, 556, 11111, 3938, 407, 374, 15, 18, 6, 875, 4162, 6247, 285, 4247, 9169, 15, 831, 7787, 253, 3745, 273, 253, 2208, 281, 6947, 697, 1039, 562, 273, 7596, 13, 1633, 326, 352, 556, 7303, 281, 513, 281, 690, 6070, 1919, 1024, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 752, 670, 253, 2312, 273, 4759, 32299, 32, 187, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 2257, 273, 2312, 2190, 34216, 670, 253, 6982, 1907, 5004, 264, 562, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 5054, 3116, 1912, 457, 85, 2965, 667, 2007, 15, 831, 556, 3977, 281, 2007, 2312, 670, 627, 1146, 4759, 32299, 326, 1804, 271, 5054, 36499, 15, 1723, 13, 342, 253, 6982, 2779, 281, 1756, 387, 247, 2281, 17357, 685, 608, 6, 275, 253, 1655, 7150, 13, 667, 2312, 273, 4759, 32299, 310, 816, 2312, 15, 329, 6832, 7355, 2550, 5108, 5734, 8149, 275, 253, 6982, 21460, 598, 15, 187, 187, 55, 422, 76, 15366, 335, 310, 247, 32111, 14, 3169, 35796, 15, 187, 187, 35638, 281, 41598, 6317, 29076, 475, 10871, 247, 3588, 4579, 475, 11239, 368, 323, 20404, 272, 281, 776, 25144, 15, 187, 187, 18281, 29482, 187, 187, 7146, 1060, 281, 1239, 253, 41598, 299, 46250, 78, 565, 310, 1024, 327, 13940, 1710, 15, 29355, 32995, 5048, 275, 634, 13940, 1710, 285, 3297, 9300, 2948, 20235, 42095, 432, 686, 4305, 16368, 8, 187, 2948, 5321, 1909, 432, 686, 15261, 14, 284, 8, 187, 2948, 551, 187, 50276, 788, 6586, 45020, 13, 187, 50276, 16437, 27395, 13, 187, 50276, 7332, 356, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 15662, 36273, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 16976, 84, 2402, 10287, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 16976, 84, 45, 10321, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 16976, 84, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 16976, 84, 37632, 11446, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 23772, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 4221, 455, 991, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 43, 7267, 37632, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 49, 531, 37217, 868, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 19467, 84, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 13510, 23062, 31095, 187, 94, 432, 50111, 8906, 8, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 2006, 1397, 247, 2579, 12954, 326, 260, 3844, 253, 4228, 10434, 15, 187, 1738, 187, 3701, 2794, 13753, 313, 9252, 13, 551, 3888, 426, 8168, 748, 426, 551, 2311, 551, 187, 50276, 9252, 15, 3140, 2073, 2140, 15, 4305, 1383, 2634, 187, 50274, 3474, 4228, 15554, 2402, 426, 686, 4482, 86, 6741, 14, 4659, 14, 87, 18, 5618, 535, 50274, 1286, 15, 44364, 2073, 12543, 1383, 1159, 9, 8045, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 8045, 15, 14061, 24753, 9, 187, 50270, 68, 3844, 15, 5758, 9, 4659, 15554, 2402, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 12985, 10, 551, 187, 50268, 2309, 11556, 15, 1911, 3074, 8850, 187, 50266, 39618, 1383, 187, 50266, 39618, 26094, 16, 4305, 16, 7265, 15, 4305, 1383, 187, 50266, 8626, 13485, 15, 4251, 9, 74, 3001, 17169, 16, 4387, 16, 5695, 23911, 559, 891, 15, 1590, 559, 17169, 6788, 13956, 9, 1383, 8539, 24716, 9, 10606, 3117, 187, 50268, 9259, 187, 50270, 2311, 187, 50272, 558, 187, 50274, 9897, 535, 50274, 3701, 5752, 37910, 9, 9629, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 2309, 260, 3844, 15, 5758, 9, 4659, 15554, 2402, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 12985, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 2309, 11556, 15, 8992, 9, 9629, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 10927, 10, 551, 187, 50268, 338, 313, 10927, 10, 1091, 2380, 28, 535, 50268, 2309, 20279, 9, 9629, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 18428, 9604, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 12985, 15, 1065, 9, 9629, 13, 2990, 9604, 15, 27803, 6020, 187, 50266, 2309, 2990, 9604, 28, 187, 50268, 9897, 187, 50270, 9897, 187, 50272, 9897, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 1286, 15, 44364, 2073, 24717, 1383, 1159, 9, 8045, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 3474, 2748, 13636, 426, 747, 10611, 9, 8045, 15, 9629, 15, 6434, 558, 535, 50272, 338, 313, 9629, 13636, 15, 27422, 11013, 4328, 15, 27422, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 9629, 13636, 15, 3967, 1590, 11013, 17882, 3401, 551, 187, 50268, 8045, 15, 2541, 3378, 9, 68, 3844, 15, 8992, 28199, 26811, 187, 50268, 2309, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 9629, 13636, 15, 3967, 1590, 15, 5478, 84, 3378, 28199, 4387, 16, 19279, 551, 187, 50268, 8045, 15, 2541, 3378, 9, 40875, 37910, 9, 8045, 15, 9629, 4027, 187, 50268, 2309, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50272, 94, 535, 50272, 8045, 15, 2541, 3378, 9, 187, 50270, 68, 3844, 15, 8992, 9, 8045, 15, 9629, 481, 7461, 9, 3701, 9, 10927, 10, 551, 187, 50268, 2309, 2380, 2785, 20279, 9, 8045, 15, 9629, 558, 187, 50270, 2311, 187, 50272, 558, 187, 50274, 9897, 187, 50276, 27362, 535, 50276, 3474, 20477, 426, 3453, 15, 26687, 2073, 26094, 16, 4305, 3401, 187, 50276, 26804, 15, 3140, 2073, 7265, 15, 4305, 1383, 2634, 187, 50274, 3701, 8749, 13753, 6734, 551, 187, 50272, 338, 6522, 8002, 22853, 15, 10613, 35370, 10, 1091, 28, 187, 50272, 338, 313, 12428, 15, 26324, 20767, 686, 2413, 22426, 2785, 4328, 15, 26324, 20767, 686, 3614, 27, 3401, 1091, 28, 187, 50272, 8002, 22853, 15, 10613, 35370, 15, 15905, 28199, 2140, 15, 4305, 8539, 7461, 9, 3701, 313, 1747, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 22452, 15, 2808, 2073, 13753, 9856, 2, 5137, 187, 50272, 9897, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15905, 13753, 1874, 187, 50276, 27362, 187, 94, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 2006, 1397, 690, 367, 13363, 3386, 15, 187, 1738, 187, 3701, 2794, 49, 13363, 313, 9252, 13, 24098, 10, 551, 187, 50276, 6953, 13753, 9, 9252, 13, 24098, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 3701, 755, 4505, 9, 3967, 10, 551, 187, 50276, 2309, 747, 32949, 4464, 31327, 10, 3001, 551, 187, 50274, 3474, 10434, 8975, 426, 747, 14784, 15003, 6825, 1082, 187, 50274, 26094, 8975, 15, 5758, 2073, 9278, 1383, 1854, 10, 187, 50274, 26094, 8975, 15, 251, 2799, 426, 1159, 6734, 551, 187, 50272, 31327, 9, 2520, 15, 10927, 10, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50274, 26094, 8975, 15, 13161, 9, 8629, 10, 187, 50276, 2311, 187, 94, 187, 187, 3701, 6184, 313, 26094, 13, 755, 45020, 10, 551, 187, 50276, 3474, 5920, 426, 436, 15, 9252, 24054, 1082, 187, 50276, 3474, 1445, 4697, 426, 5920, 15, 7267, 22215, 30932, 435, 4697, 3401, 187, 50276, 3474, 4060, 426, 436, 15, 17494, 15, 5564, 187, 50276, 3474, 23367, 426, 747, 20235, 42095, 1082, 187, 50276, 3474, 3453, 426, 23367, 15, 26687, 2073, 10408, 3401, 187, 50276, 3474, 544, 4305, 27903, 13, 30689, 27903, 62, 426, 544, 9252, 15, 26687, 2073, 4305, 16, 11470, 3453, 15, 26687, 2073, 9016, 16, 3401, 62, 187, 50276, 3474, 9766, 426, 436, 15, 788, 4779, 42112, 1082, 187, 50276, 3474, 2936, 5200, 426, 544, 26094, 15, 9016, 13, 10434, 15, 4305, 62, 535, 50276, 2309, 32949, 15, 455, 9, 321, 5200, 15, 4251, 9, 788, 4505, 1228, 187, 50274, 15, 7461, 4464, 6071, 10, 3001, 551, 187, 50272, 9016, 27903, 15, 3140, 2073, 17817, 15, 9016, 1383, 2600, 60, 17, 3291, 187, 50272, 4305, 27903, 15, 3140, 2073, 68, 4305, 15, 4305, 1383, 2600, 60, 18, 3291, 187, 50272, 2309, 2600, 187, 50274, 2311, 187, 50274, 15, 7461, 36810, 3001, 551, 187, 50272, 2309, 3453, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 15, 8456, 1383, 9766, 10, 187, 50274, 2311, 187, 50274, 15, 7461, 36810, 3001, 551, 187, 50272, 16437, 27395, 9, 42494, 10, 187, 50272, 1059, 2133, 37217, 868, 426, 436, 15, 788, 15163, 37217, 868, 1082, 187, 50272, 1059, 3492, 426, 436, 15, 17494, 15, 16455, 3736, 436, 15, 788, 17213, 46134, 9, 2520, 15, 17494, 15, 16455, 10, 1163, 15078, 187, 50272, 1059, 9040, 426, 436, 15, 17494, 15, 462, 31095, 3736, 436, 15, 788, 48, 72, 23062, 31095, 9, 2520, 15, 17494, 15, 462, 31095, 10, 1163, 15078, 187, 50272, 1059, 10651, 426, 436, 15, 17494, 15, 34281, 3557, 187, 50272, 1059, 14084, 37632, 426, 755, 23772, 37632, 9, 2520, 15, 17494, 15, 11546, 10099, 23772, 10, 187, 50272, 1059, 2840, 36, 859, 426, 436, 15, 788, 13510, 36, 859, 1082, 187, 50272, 1059 ]

works round out the set and the band, now visibly wrecked by this point, take center stage and bow three times to a rapturous applause and cheering. Congratulations, you survived. Things kinda got carried away and what started out to be an idea of how cool a concert of the above magnitude could be, quickly turned into a case of blink-182 fan-fiction porn… isn’t that how E.L. James (50 Shades of Fuck-Off) became a billionaire? Anyways thanks for reading it, let me know what was missed or what needed to be added to the setlist/show and I may read your comments. For now, it’s time to grab a towel, clean myself up and assume the little spoon position. Browny @brownypaul Share this: Facebook Twitter Email LinkedIn Reddit Tumblr More WhatsApp Print Like this: Like Loading...India’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth for October-December 2019 was 4.71%, the lowest since the quarter ended 31 March 2013, when it was 4.3%, according to government data published on Friday. Mint takes a detailed look at this downward trend. What is driving GDP growth downwards? GDP comprises private consumption expenditure, government expenditure, investment and net exports (exports minus imports). Of these constituents, government expenditure, which makes up around 10% of GDP, grew the fastest at 11.8% in the third quarter. If this is left out of GDP, what remains is the non-government GDP or the private part of the economy. Non-government GDP growth in the quarter was 3.95%, 76 basis points lower than overall GDP growth. One basis point is one hundredth of a percentage. So, 90% of the economy is growing much slower than the overall economy. This is the problem. View Full Image In the December 2017 quarter, non-government GDP grew very fast at 8.47%. Since then, it has fallen constantly and has more than halved to 3.95% Click here to view enlarged graphic Why has non-govt GDP growth slowed? There is a clear trend here. In the December 2017 quarter, non-government GDP grew very fast at 8.47%. Since then, it has fallen constantly and has more than halved to 3.95%. One reason for this lies in the contraction of investment over the last two quarters. In the September and December quarters, overall investment in the Indian economy shrank by 4.14% and 5.16%, respectively. Private consumption expenditure growth during the last two quarters has slowed to 5.63% and 5.86%, respectively. With investment contracting, it is not surprising that private consumption has slowed down. How are investment and consumption linked? Investment creates jobs. Jobs provide income, which, in turn, encourages consumption. With investment contracting, enough jobs are not being created for the nearly million Indian youth entering the workforce every month. Hence, it is not surprising that consumption growth has slowed down dramatically this year. How will GDP growth fare in March quarter? The full impact of the coronavirus outbreak on the Indian economy will be felt during this period. This will impact the manufacturing part of the economy, which has anyway shrunk by 0.43% and 0.25%, respectively, in the last two quarters. Besides, the tax collection of the central government has shrunk by 2.1% between April 2019 and January 2020. This limits the ability of the government to spend its way out of trouble, something that it has managed to do to some extent until now. But what about the talk of green shoots? There is a lot of talk among economists about the economy having bottomed out. This means that economic growth won’t fall any further. This has led to further talk about there being green shoots that suggest an economic revival. However, with the economy likely to grow at a rate slower than 5% in the current quarter, any talk of green shoots is just talk. A substantial recovery cannot happen unless investment in the economy picks up. Vivek Kaul is a Mumbai-based economist. Subscribe to Mint Newsletters * Enter a valid email * Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter. Share Via Click here to read the Mint ePapermint is now on Telegram. Join mint channel in your Telegram and stay updatedimport JSZip from 'jszip' import saveAs from 'save-as' import { getImageBlob, cleanDOM, gtagSetup, fbPixelSetup, getFontsNameStr, getFontsLanguages, getFontsSetup, getFontsSetupStyle, getScrollSetup, getParallaxSetup, getJquerySetup, getPoneStyles, getLibs, getCustomMetaTags } from '../util' /** * Adds a service worker that caches the static assets. */ function createSW (output, { images = [] } = {}) { output.file('sw.js', ` const staticCacheName = 'bbuilder-static-v1'; self.addEventListener('install', function(event) { event.waitUntil( caches.open(staticCacheName).then(function(cache) { return cache.addAll([ '/', '/assets/js/main.js', ${images.map(i => "'/public/image/" + i.name + "'").join(',').trim(',')} ]); }) ); }); function serveAsset(request) { return caches.open(staticCacheName).then(function(cache) { return cache.match(request).then(function(response) { if (response) return response; return fetch(request).then(function(networkResponse) { cache.put(request, networkResponse.clone()); return networkResponse; }); }); }); } self.addEventListener('fetch', function(event) { const requestUrl = new URL(event.request.url); if (requestUrl.origin === location.origin) { if (requestUrl.pathname === '/') { event.respondWith(caches.match('/')); return; } if (requestUrl.pathname.startsWith('/public/')) { event.respondWith(serveAsset(event.request)); return; } } event.respondWith( caches.match(event.request).then(function(response) { return response || fetch(event.request); }) ); }); `) const scripts = output.folder('assets/js') scripts.file('main.js', ` function registerSW () { if (!navigator.serviceWorker) return; if (location.protocol !== 'http:' || location.protocol !== 'https:') return; navigator.serviceWorker.register('/sw.js').then(function (reg) { console.log('SW registered!'); }); } registerSW(); `) } /** * Adds some PWA features. */ function createPWA (output, payload) { createSW(output, payload) } function getFile(path) { return new Promise((resolve) => { const assetsClient = new XMLHttpRequest() assetsClient.open('GET', path) assetsClient.onload = function () { resolve(this.response) } assetsClient.send(null) }) } function download (assets, getBlob) { const frag = this.outputFragment() const artboard = frag.querySelector('#artboard') const title = this.settings.title const zip = new JSZip() const output = zip.folder('project') const [jsFolder, cssFolder] = [output.folder('js/'), output.folder('css/')] const manifest = this.getManifest() const urls = [assets.css, assets.js] return Promise.all(urls.map(getFile)) .then((content) => { cssFolder.file('styles.css', content[0]) jsFolder.file('cjs.js', content[1]) return content }) .then(() => { return output.file('manifest.json', manifest) }) .then(() => { cleanDOM(frag) let bodyStyles = this.getBodyStyles() let video = this.settings.video ? this.getVideoBg(this.settings.video) : '' let og = this.settings.ogTags ? this.getOgMetaTags(this.settings.ogTags) : '' let icon = this.settings.favicon let scrollSetup = getScrollSetup(this.settings.fullPageScroll) let customCss = this.getCustomCss() let

[ 4461, 15, 911, 953, 10, 187, 50270, 44779, 389, 60, 17, 62, 2295, 346, 1590, 1381, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 1590, 64, 1286, 1082, 187, 50270, 44779, 389, 60, 17, 62, 2295, 346, 5374, 1381, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 5374, 1082, 187, 50270, 44779, 389, 60, 17, 62, 2295, 346, 248, 267, 1381, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 248, 267, 64, 1286, 1082, 187, 50270, 44779, 389, 60, 17, 62, 2295, 346, 865, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 3550, 64, 44291, 1082, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 5550, 77, 311, 259, 307, 2807, 535, 50274, 1545, 11757, 9, 1286, 13, 30539, 13, 26762, 2262, 187, 50270, 6050, 26762, 15, 28368, 2239, 470, 285, 30539, 15, 28368, 2239, 470, 27, 187, 50266, 35946, 426, 540, 9, 14719, 15, 14719, 1082, 475, 30539, 15, 35946, 10, 187, 50266, 29337, 426, 540, 9, 14719, 15, 14719, 1082, 475, 1545, 3109, 15, 29337, 10, 187, 50266, 3845, 346, 6601, 471, 27, 2462, 84, 4632, 14971, 27, 2462, 84, 3, 2462, 313, 1344, 9, 35946, 582, 1213, 9, 29337, 1228, 187, 50266, 338, 2983, 2239, 5684, 27, 187, 50262, 3845, 346, 1394, 4352, 253, 2462, 84, 323, 2462, 84, 19517, 449, 2462, 313, 1545, 3109, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 1213, 9, 35946, 1228, 187, 50262, 1545, 3109, 15, 28368, 24869, 2983, 187, 50266, 44779, 2983, 2295, 5684, 27, 187, 50262, 3845, 346, 510, 2983, 9829, 15, 1422, 1928, 2238, 273, 19271, 449, 187, 50266, 7271, 27, 187, 50262, 3845, 5550, 510, 2462, 84, 4352, 368, 323, 2462, 84, 19517, 285, 352, 8513, 1524, 3076, 25107, 2462, 313, 1545, 3109, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 1213, 9, 35946, 1228, 187, 50262, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 24869, 2983, 187, 50262, 338, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 654, 374, 27, 187, 50258, 3845, 346, 1394, 3177, 281, 8773, 3255, 187, 50258, 2606, 15, 28850, 9, 18, 10, 187, 50258, 7054, 187, 50266, 2606, 15, 28850, 29369, 22, 10, 187, 50270, 338, 26762, 15, 28368, 654, 337, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 346, 1394, 5339, 253, 2462, 84, 15, 1359, 8872, 323, 253, 2462, 84, 434, 2021, 449, 2462, 313, 1545, 3109, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 26762, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 6649, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 37755, 64, 484, 9, 1545, 3109, 15, 37755, 10, 187, 50266, 7555, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 60, 1545, 3109, 15, 1590, 62, 187, 50270, 338, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 654, 337, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 26975, 1082, 535, 50274, 1545, 1268, 64, 484, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 338, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 37755, 2239, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 424, 19, 475, 884, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 7079, 337, 187, 50266, 3845, 346, 1394, 1849, 4925, 1268, 346, 559, 1213, 9, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 10, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 4090, 64, 28368, 7079, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 426, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 4090, 64, 28368, 535, 50274, 1545, 41614, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1542, 891, 275, 2491, 9, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 5251, 2262, 187, 50266, 1826, 64, 2163, 2971, 426, 3632, 15, 22122, 8850, 3, 462, 250, 995, 346, 41845, 995, 346, 72, 706, 3642, 45564, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 60, 1826, 64, 2163, 2971, 62, 426, 39608, 9, 1826, 64, 2163, 2971, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1007, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3845, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 10008, 187, 50270, 3845, 346, 1394, 476, 10463, 281, 27, 2462, 84, 3, 2462, 26848, 29996, 13956, 9, 1286, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 911, 953, 10, 187, 50270, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 30, 8168, 187, 50270, 1542, 1416, 275, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 27, 187, 50266, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 15, 9691, 9, 1286, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 60, 1590, 1570, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 6649, 187, 50270, 338, 19827, 64, 3550, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 346, 1394, 923, 27, 2462, 84, 3, 2462, 26848, 29996, 13956, 9, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1007, 64, 2163, 2971, 9, 1286, 13, 19827, 2262, 187, 50270, 3845, 5550, 510, 2462, 84, 556, 2462, 84, 19517, 13, 2462, 84, 2983, 13, 2462, 84, 5684, 13, 285, 310, 4409, 2462, 84, 31302, 449, 187, 50266, 6, 313, 2163, 2971, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 19827, 15, 28368, 13, 19827, 15, 35946, 13, 19827, 15, 29337, 13, 19827, 15, 37755, 1228, 535, 50274, 1545, 2118, 9, 1286, 13, 10463, 2262, 187, 50270, 338, 10463, 275, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 911, 953, 27, 187, 50265, 1286, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 426, 19121, 9, 19874, 10, 187, 50265, 1286, 15, 9576, 4187, 1082, 187, 50265, 1286, 15, 6204, 1082, 187, 50270, 44779, 10463, 2295, 1881, 15, 6259, 64, 4461, 15, 1590, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 5550, 1394, 1472, 2168, 1060, 25107, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 3845, 5550, 1394, 476, 626, 755, 627, 432, 1060, 25107, 535, 50274, 1545, 5731, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 5251, 64, 484, 1082, 187, 50270, 338, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 11049, 470, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 26975, 1082, 187, 50266, 2606, 15, 28850, 9, 19, 10, 187, 50266, 13197, 426, 10850, 1082, 535, 50274, 1545, 8959, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 2309, 18116, 79, 8, 559, 1881, 15, 19255, 15, 1590, 559, 346, 19517, 5136, 559, 1213, 9, 565, 9, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 28368, 1228, 559, 346, 31302, 5136, 559, 1213, 9, 1286, 15, 19255, 15, 37755, 10, 559, 346, 2239, 3, 535, 50274, 1545, 3453, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 5858, 187, 187, 13197, 426, 10850, 1082, 187, 187, 13197, 15, 9576, 4187, 1082, 187, 3845, 5550, 21096, 13, 9957, 13615, 25107, 187, 13197, 15, 3550, 64, 44291, 1082, 187, 13197, 15, 19255, 15, 1590, 64, 1286, 1082, 187, 13197, 15, 19255, 15, 6204, 64, 1286, 1082, 187, 13197, 15, 6204, 1082, 187, 187, 6050, 11793, 27, 187, 50274, 13197, 15, 13393, 64, 5423, 1082, 187, 50274, 13197, 15, 11183, 1082, 187, 50274, 13197, 15, 9252, 1082, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 34, 1643, 13991, 27, 187, 187, 7657, 285, 4796, 35793, 970, 24954, 13, 323, 1650, 27, 187, 2437, 18633, 9, 6082, 2262, 1852, 3877, 747, 14, 4826, 5971, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 4478, 21920, 1286, 13, 1416, 13, 288, 81, 13, 2983, 13, 17147, 13, 1269, 81, 2262, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 1590, 426, 1416, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 28368, 426, 288, 81, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 35946, 426, 2983, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 1545, 566, 426, 17147, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 37755, 426, 1269, 81, 187, 187, 2437, 39608, 9, 21260, 2262, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 4478, 21920, 1286, 13, 1416, 2262, 187, 50270, 12185, 9, 9304, 2971, 13, 1881, 481, 876, 4478, 21920, 1590, 13, 3632, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 740, 582, 187, 50254, 50266, 50276, 14719, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 22, 582, 2490, 50254, 50266, 50276, 14719, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 22, 582, 187, 50254, 50266, 50276, 14719, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 25, 1228, 187, 187, 2437, 22885, 9, 21260, 2262, 535, 50274, 11779, 64, 18582, 426, 495, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 4478, 21920, 1286, 13, 1268, 30, 18, 2262, 187, 50270, 12185, 9, 41, 2771, 13, 1881, 481, 876, 4478, 876, 41771, 1881, 15, 11779, 64, 18582, 13, 1268, 12, 22, 13, 2490, 50254, 50270, 50276, 1268, 12, 22, 13, 470, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 5251, 426, 1268, 187, 187, 19815, 2087, 966, 941, 562, 273, 253, 4227, 27, 187, 2437, 19121, 9, 6082, 2262, 535, 50274, 13935, 2277, 64, 17020, 426, 17579, 9511, 1381, 17579, 10008, 1381, 346, 1394, 1472, 387, 1728, 15, 831, 310, 835, 368, 3153, 13, 19235, 17295, 187, 50254, 50276, 3, 911, 953, 1381, 15640, 38250, 9686, 2023, 187, 50261, 3, 38250, 1381, 17579, 10008, 1381, 346, 1394, 1472, 275, 247, 3644, 9741, 15, 733, 434, 9648, 43976, 4182, 17295, 187, 50254, 50274, 3, 911, 953, 1381, 15640, 9511, 995, 346, 48212, 9686, 2023, 187, 50261, 3, 48212, 1381, 17579, 10008, 1381, 346, 1394, 923, 247, 14593, 5947, 31836, 407, 16419, 15, 733, 434, 1512, 5412, 281, 10831, 17295, 187, 50254, 50276, 3, 911, 953, 1381, 15640, 38250, 995, 346, 16285, 404, 9686, 2023, 187, 50261, 3, 16285, 404, 1381, 17579, 10008, 6302, 1394, 476, 923, 323, 6574, 1475, 15, 5037, 626, 2965, 745, 17295, 187, 50254, 50272, 3, 911, 953, 1381, 15640, 48212, 9686, 599, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 4478, 21920, 1286, 13, 2234, 2262, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 10008, 426, 1881, 15, 13935, 2277, 64, 17020, 60, 2364, 7082, 3, 10008, 9686, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 911, 953, 426, 1881, 15, 13935, 2277, 64, 17020, 60, 2364, 7082, 3, 911, 953, 9686, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 1590, 426, 1213, 9, 2364, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 2163, 2971, 64, 3550, 426, 12166, 187, 187, 29129, 299, 15, 72, 15, 10850, 15, 31264, 5543, 64, 23422, 3548, 626, 4227, 14, 6160, 15, 187, 187, 7657, 253, 3148, 970, 346, 40397, 3082, 3, 285, 1213, 15, 8124, 27, 187, 2437, 39608, 9, 21260, 2262, 535, 50274, 1051, 535, 50274, 1545, 4772, 1344, 21920, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 8547, 426, 346, 510, 551, 17, 94, 556, 551, 18, 15, 28368, 94, 19517, 13, 551, 18, 15, 35946, 94, 2983, 13, 29001, 1852, 3966, 15, 187, 50270, 2309, 7646, 15, 8124, 9, 1286, 15, 1590, 15, 38479, 907, 5715, 1881, 10, 187, 187, 2437, 10850, 9, 6082, 2262, 535, 50274, 1051, 535, 50274, 1545, 1007, 64, 2163, 2971, 9, 1286, 13, 19827, 2262, 187, 50270, 3845, 1213, 9, 2163, 2971, 10, 187, 187, 11244, 6287, 272, 2581, 685, 43489, 323, 3280, 12820, 313, 2887, 299, 15, 72, 15, 436, 8717, 3114, 35372, 2262, 187, 1545, 1416, 64, 1286, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50274, 6050, 11793, 27, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 1590, 426, 9305, 64, 5423, 1587, 1276, 513, 368, 1067, 4834, 13, 8791, 32, 36660, 187, 50270, 338, 1881, 15, 1590, 3613, 346, 1381, 187, 50266, 7054, 187, 187, 16628, 1577, 981, 634, 3470, 13359, 13, 824, 326, 597, 1067, 1016, 643, 13, 281, 2624, 1066, 2709, 3104, 273, 5841, 387, 253, 1755, 1268, 15, 1198, 1650, 27, 10850, 24856, 4478, 876, 812, 1067, 41614, 285, 1007, 28, 22885, 24856, 4478, 876, 812, 1067, 1416, 64, 1286, 285, 1007, 64, 1286, 1874, 285, 368, 812, 823, 10850, 15, 1993, 64, 4650, 281, 1067, 6016, 64, 5423, 5715, 2165, 15, 11183, 1082, 285, 2165, 15, 9252, 5023, 187, 187, 12501, 253, 1755, 14, 5251, 2127, 275, 271, 604, 4772, 1590, 876, 2295, 686, 876, 7265, 876, 5295, 2972, 313, 2887, 299, 15, 72, 15, 436, 8717, 1953, 481, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 510, 643, 3662, 432, 1214, 29983, 83, 1200, 274, 365, 12453, 253, 954, 1774, 2792, 13, 533, 247, 1643, 643, 295, 953, 403, 27, 187, 38, 2815, 4024, 253, 346, 5374, 3, 4327, 275, 6016, 64, 5423, 187, 2042, 253, 2608, 3510, 275, 346, 5374, 3, 387, 253, 3923, 1386, 13, 253, 10921, 310, 271, 2228, 3935, 285, 253, 990, 273, 253, 2086, 15, 187, 27281, 253, 18899, 285, 9610, 275, 20658, 64, 1286, 187, 510, 3935, 4983, 342, 346, 1394, 38596, 634, 1881, 323, 2462, 69, 19517, 3255, 310, 247, 2372, 24363, 1580, 326, 5012, 253, 3786, 5118, 2408, 534, 310, 5118, 347, 1881, 15, 37755, 475, 964, 19, 2581, 685, 253, 4588, 1180, 534, 310, 1881, 15, 37755, 38825, 964, 22, 285, 310, 44491, 407, 1881, 15, 28368, 64, 17465, 1082, 187, 16628, 15706, 346, 40397, 3904, 3, 342, 4907, 3602, 187, 3404, 690, 1127, 13, 368, 1537, 5730, 281, 1818, 13, 1333, 13, 849, 346, 85, 602, 3, 29652, 476, 320, 13, 594, 2581, 685, 1907, 1881, 15, 35946, 426, 3632, 15, 17554, 565, 9, 19, 13, 22, 10, 368, 778, 971, 281, 1691, 253, 374, 285, 608, 715, 4903, 326, 778, 320, 24251, 390, 1014, 12059, 1309, 253, 2165, 15, 50276, 2214, 1650, 13, 5046, 11129, 29256, 373, 403, 42306, 685, 9741, 29256, 373, 13, 390, 4931, 29652, 755, 42306, 347, 253, 4760, 1057, 15, 187, 8252, 24622, 3904, 342 ]

room.exits) elif com[0] == "name": self.hero.name_self() elif com[0] == "info": self.info() elif com[0] == "heal": self.hero.heal_self() elif com[0] == "?": self.list_commands() else: print ("lol wut") def combat(self, attacker, defender): while defender.hp > 0 and attacker.hp > 0: attack = int(random.random() * attacker.attack) defense = int(random.random() *defender.defense) print "Attack: %s vs Defense: %s" % (str(attack), str(defense)) if attack > defense: print "You hit the %s for %s HP." % (defender.name.capitalize(), str(attack)) defender.hp -= attack elif attack == defense: print "The attack missed. You feel kind of disappointed." else: print ("The %s hit you for %s HP and it hurt real bad.") % (defender.name.capitalize(), str(attack)) self.hero.hp -= attack if self.hero.hp < 2: print "You attempt to escape..." time.sleep(1) break time.sleep(.5) if defender.hp < 1: print "You killed the %s. How sad for the %s's family." % (defender.name.capitalize(), defender.name.capitalize()) self.hero.xp_up(defender.xp) del self.current_room.monster_list[defender.name] if self.hero.hp < 1: self.hero.death() def level_up(self): if self.hero.xp > self.hero.level**2 * 10: self.hero.level += 1 print "You've reached level " + str(self.hero.level) self.hero.max_hp += self.hero.level self.hero.hp = self.hero.max_hp def populate(self): for i in range(self.hero.level): new_monster = random.choice(["ogre", "orc", "goblin"]) self.current_room.monster_list[new_monster] = Monster(new_monster) def look(self): print self.current_room.description print "You can exit to: %s" % ', '.join(self.current_room.exits) monster_list= [] for name in self.current_room.monster_list: monster_list.append(self.current_room.monster_list[name].name.capitalize()) if monster_list: print "You see: %s" % ', '.join(monster_list) def look_monster(self, monster): print ("The %s has %s HP, %s attack, %s defense, and is worth %s XP." % (monster.name.capitalize(), monster.hp, monster.attack, monster.defense, monster.xp)) def move(self, exit): if exit in self.current_room.exits: self.current_room = Room(exit) self.populate() self.look() elif exit == self.current_room.name: print ("You're already here.") else: print ("You can't get there from here.") def update(self): self.level_up() if self.hero.hp <= 0: self.hero.death() time.sleep(2) game = Game() def prompt(self): return '\n' + self.hero.name + " HP:" + str(int(self.hero.hp)) + " XP:" + str(self.hero.xp) + " >" def output(self): pass game = Game() game.populate() print ("Welcome, adventurer.") game.list_commands() game.hero.name_self() game.hero.look_self() game.look() while True: game.handle_input() game.update() game.output() A: A few suggestions: Simplify and reduce duplication using inheritance, for example: class Character(object): # note new-style classes def __init__(self, name, hp, attack, defence, xp): self.name = name self.hp = hp self.attack = attack self.defence = defence self.xp = xp class Monster(Character): def __init__(self, name): super(Monster, self).__init__(name, random.randint(2,10), random.randint(2,5), random.randint(2,5), random.randint(2,8)) class Hero(Character): MAX_HP = 3 def __init__(self, level=1): super(Hero, self).__init__('', self.MAX_HP, level+5, level+5, 0) self.level = level Move general class data out of the instance: class Room(object): ROOM_DATA = {"home": {"description": "You're at home. This is where you live, unfortunately.", "exits": ["forest"]}, "forest": {"description": "You're in a dark forest. It's fairly gloomy.", "exits": ["home", "lake"]}, "lake": {"description": "You see a lake circled by rocks. It's too cold to swim.", "exits": ["forest", "mountain"]}, "mountain": {"description":"You can see for miles around. Don't fall off.", "exits": ["lake"]}} def __init__(self, key): self.description = self.ROOM_DATA[key]["description"] self.exits = self.ROOM_DATA[key]["exits"] self.name = str(key) self.monster_list = {} Similarly e.g. Game.COMMAND_LIST isn't instance-specific. Simplify the display using "magic methods" and str.format: class Monster(Character): ... def __str__(self): template = "The {0} has {1.hp} HP, {1.attack} attack, ..." # etc. return template.format(self.name.capitalize(), self) class Game(object): ... def look_monster(self, monster): print str(monster) Use looping rather than recursion for input validation (see e.g. this SO community wiki): def name_self(self): while True: self.name = raw_input("What do you call yourself, anyway? ") if self.name != "": break Consider structuring your functions differently, such that they call each other, to cut down multiple lines of calls at the top level. For example: Game.__init__ could call populate and look; Hero.__init__ could call name_self and look_self(); and you could add Game.play_round to call handle_input(), game.update() and game.output(). Put the top-level code in an if __name__ == '__main__': block (see e.g. this SO question). A: The other answer from @jonrsharpe addresses the most important points, but a few other nits are: Eliminate the "info" choice in handle_input If the user types in "info" at the command line, the reward is an error message and the end of the program. Fix the calculating and reporting in heal_self The message starting with "You healed your self for %d HP..." is a bit misleading since that reports the previously calculated amount which is calculated as self.xp * .2 rather than the actual number which is self.xp *= .5 and is capped by self.hp_limit() Consider replacing "magic numbers" with named parameters At some point, you might wish to change, say, how "tough" monsters can be, so rather than having self.attack = random.randint(2,5) you may want to put the 2 and 5 into variables that may be tuned or even altered during the game. For example, maybe mountain Ogres are tougher than forest Ogres, or perhaps monsters get tougher as the player does. Start fractional numbers with

[ 21971, 13, 11456, 13, 13986, 3085, 20453, 15, 187, 23108, 346, 37633, 8347, 3, 25968, 13, 9934, 13, 2448, 32428, 26650, 15, 187, 52, 40807, 8647, 266, 4611, 13, 6879, 13, 9890, 39011, 757, 15, 209, 187, 1785, 306, 5047, 17650, 6696, 263, 266, 13, 11439, 13, 2448, 14959, 665, 13640, 275, 253, 385, 41845, 1204, 327, 534, 380, 1889, 41845, 382, 369, 1754, 15, 187, 35119, 26543, 40030, 13, 9523, 13, 4383, 18215, 1715, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 23852, 353, 1278, 249, 13, 10484, 13, 13389, 34186, 324, 5570, 13, 253, 637, 665, 10848, 2006, 6352, 444, 469, 8420, 15, 187, 37541, 16358, 28680, 2205, 13, 6931, 13, 2448, 13084, 37658, 13, 11407, 407, 25894, 8829, 15, 187, 7912, 610, 659, 304, 2146, 13, 8988, 13, 2448, 4318, 12353, 15, 187, 187, 19, 209, 187, 41, 15, 444, 15, 427, 15, 378, 433, 249, 13, 11003, 13, 4782, 8544, 2087, 15, 187, 28448, 399, 10614, 13, 11456, 13, 2448, 15217, 273, 385, 302, 3737, 12256, 19098, 13, 3961, 39892, 15, 187, 41, 39968, 399, 6592, 25476, 1136, 13, 11334, 13, 5685, 2221, 1154, 257, 6656, 285, 3645, 3660, 309, 18425, 13, 17172, 3811, 1436, 275, 6176, 13, 2798, 4433, 15, 187, 53, 408, 466, 611, 15, 47574, 13, 9743, 13, 530, 15, 52, 15, 18468, 13, 3438, 1740, 14, 3945, 7758, 27797, 17217, 15, 187, 46204, 12828, 2146, 13, 8319, 13, 2448, 14623, 31021, 13, 2798, 2983, 15, 187, 187, 20, 209, 187, 23108, 2058, 31299, 13, 10447, 13, 50276, 7878, 32427, 13, 37131, 273, 253, 3492, 19272, 15, 187, 18448, 33016, 3592, 13, 9161, 13, 9943, 18468, 15, 187, 9684, 353, 15, 14826, 13, 9161, 13, 2448, 3041, 10723, 40174, 1658, 382, 13, 7117, 275, 38946, 9166, 15, 187, 51, 30264, 16833, 84, 13, 10484, 13, 13986, 5842, 4760, 285, 8690, 13, 3438, 13986, 3872, 5842, 2285, 8690, 15, 187, 51, 1123, 423, 4011, 13, 9901, 13, 5396, 25375, 285, 35415, 16057, 15, 187, 8469, 1190, 6529, 659, 15, 1623, 463, 13, 6931, 13, 9462, 20453, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 187, 21, 209, 187, 46, 6356, 2284, 378, 433, 547, 40160, 13, 11130, 13, 45575, 26650, 15, 187, 37433, 6836, 2263, 532, 1792, 13, 8319, 13, 9890, 9260, 5908, 13, 5103, 407, 253, 1982, 8663, 275, 9256, 15, 187, 37912, 9869, 399, 19493, 1299, 13, 11614, 13, 1457, 12123, 25154, 209, 1765, 603, 15, 187, 54, 2072, 40019, 13, 11487, 13, 9943, 1444, 1420, 34715, 41911, 15, 187, 58, 11317, 611, 3385, 5756, 7381, 13, 8676, 13, 27485, 4214, 273, 21074, 6631, 285, 3054, 1342, 13, 3438, 10755, 9843, 273, 17111, 15, 187, 29916, 375, 32106, 13, 5571, 13, 530, 44300, 26782, 14, 6448, 6512, 33858, 757, 42726, 285, 8406, 15, 187, 187, 22, 209, 187, 23108, 411, 641, 2205, 16026, 251, 13, 11266, 13, 2448, 14, 6448, 4782, 7339, 1080, 15, 209, 187, 13804, 744, 26066, 14, 35, 4584, 13, 11102, 13, 2448, 18051, 6423, 273, 29053, 434, 48091, 486, 22397, 15, 187, 52, 1326, 14353, 1176, 1538, 66, 13, 10909, 13, 45575, 37970, 23998, 15, 187, 18448, 16442, 343, 83, 14943, 13, 10909, 13, 2448, 4400, 5963, 15, 187, 15418, 1500, 377, 472, 13, 26192, 1500, 377, 472, 273, 22808, 13, 6879, 13, 4383, 3438, 5213, 18215, 1715, 285, 6412, 273, 5854, 29417, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 187, 23, 209, 187, 45, 1596, 264, 378, 15, 26989, 5292, 13, 9330, 13, 2448, 3554, 382, 15, 209, 187, 41, 507, 8387, 248, 13, 10508, 13, 5685, 14, 6448, 2448, 33622, 3905, 459, 366, 275, 17709, 13, 9413, 273, 13671, 11781, 15, 187, 37, 10059, 17064, 5021, 13, 9330, 13, 2448, 14623, 4760, 13, 1457, 2816, 28260, 562, 33299, 665, 14870, 14623, 434, 15917, 13604, 275, 247, 23518, 4400, 15091, 187, 9030, 324, 656, 2398, 18463, 13, 9654, 13, 22755, 266, 33823, 18468, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 1779, 1807, 16647, 13, 11439, 13, 2448, 19585, 28322, 3841, 3862, 33293, 13, 10552, 273, 7863, 9980, 15, 187, 15883, 2577, 657, 593, 13, 6705, 13, 4782, 5553, 22533, 285, 5579, 3167, 13, 9980, 15, 187, 7573, 21769, 17025, 13, 11614, 13, 2448, 20453, 13, 2798, 2983, 15, 187, 187, 24, 209, 187, 3996, 6481, 16026, 27409, 936, 13, 3436, 13, 22699, 416, 9593, 2854, 23827, 13, 10145, 275, 253, 21960, 36835, 2854, 1083, 28, 5339, 1309, 247, 34170, 275, 247, 46406, 4687, 12907, 15, 187, 26366, 350, 329, 5047, 85, 13, 5096, 13, 5685, 18468, 15, 209, 187, 34, 15, 411, 15, 46867, 13, 10523, 13, 9462, 3330, 36184, 15, 187, 9494, 251, 2071, 702, 13, 10909, 13, 2448, 12256, 20021, 20453, 13, 5686, 275, 6112, 15, 187, 8732, 14423, 13, 9330, 13, 4782, 3085, 3275, 17039, 13, 4307, 8244, 342, 5119, 2070, 266, 15, 187, 53, 9587, 18885, 13, 9901, 13, 9943, 10831, 961, 15, 209, 187, 11735, 376, 7061, 13, 8255, 13, 2448, 3601, 16360, 285, 3085, 14281, 13, 820, 14, 16360, 273, 30556, 15, 187, 39164, 16967, 386, 571, 13, 10484, 13, 2448, 46172, 382, 17502, 15, 187, 20405, 3586, 250, 737, 460, 37606, 13, 11275, 13, 4782, 41318, 13, 34358, 281, 17785, 313, 17103, 1253, 15117, 10, 187, 18448, 27659, 13, 10909, 13, 2448, 24342, 6423, 15, 187, 187, 25, 209, 187, 44018, 45004, 13, 8026, 13, 4782, 17264, 323, 253, 13992, 21261, 285, 5722, 14, 23166, 5639, 35260, 15, 187, 20678, 610, 378, 3938, 254, 13, 10909, 13, 2448, 24455, 43982, 15, 187, 40805, 12665, 12517, 13, 8187, 13, 4782, 8406, 313, 12563, 1929, 347, 16922, 7195, 28029, 582, 6400, 2923, 15, 187, 36, 5069, 274, 418, 1595, 265, 13, 5096, 13, 24110, 49360, 13, 9945, 281, 253, 12057, 273, 18307, 6353, 285, 6888, 253, 33536, 15, 187, 1909, 13409, 36685, 10178, 729, 13, 8676, 13, 4661, 5756, 2533, 255, 382, 6657, 13, 5339, 407, 7247, 10824, 15, 187, 8478, 304, 50161, 353, 8432, 13, 11107, 13, 5685, 38882, 20453, 15, 187, 32655, 23773, 13, 11614, 13, 2448, 5842, 8690, 15, 187, 20723, 2013, 90, 17410, 13, 3925, 13, 2448, 7691, 13802, 3558, 273, 253, 3961, 10063, 4661, 254, 15, 187, 187, 26, 209, 187, 24080, 401, 15, 4223, 13, 10523, 13, 2448, 11115, 285, 18468, 15, 187, 46, 46929, 35693, 13, 11487, 13, 4782, 23998, 15, 187, 9030, 2477, 11328, 13, 5096, 13, 2448, 5842, 4760, 13, 754, 42751, 42900, 13688, 13, 14527, 2923, 15, 187, 27342, 71, 401, 45569, 13, 11456, 13, 5685, 8370, 10503, 48342, 757, 15, 187, 2993, 8807, 443, 763, 13, 9743, 13, 4383, 3924, 20453, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 44, 506, 466, 23961, 13, 11614, 13, 17960, 1943, 3961, 16057, 15, 187, 27503, 2070, 37, 23051, 13, 8026, 13, 2448, 2586, 3440, 285, 22461, 80, 4177, 13, 10552, 432, 6728, 2923, 15, 187, 23684, 19995, 13, 10523, 13, 2448, 16909, 42250, 15, 187, 42, 296, 87, 9435, 427, 13356, 13, 5096, 13, 32863, 31926, 15, 187, 36751, 5464, 3697, 7893, 13, 5096, 13, 5685, 14, 6448, 5702, 811, 32813, 37031, 2146, 15, 187, 10252, 9456, 329, 15, 3759, 790, 257, 13, 9743, 13, 2448, 2165, 17039, 15, 187, 187, 740, 209, 187, 39993, 14272, 13, 9934, 13, 11596, 43778, 15, 187, 27515, 416, 15, 46867, 13, 6879, 13, 2448, 12878, 13, 18277, 13, 20997, 665, 3597, 281, 5321, 500, 27168, 15, 187, 20405, 5490, 2325, 2247, 13, 11439, 13, 4782, 1794, 10364, 15, 209, 187, 37, 10059, 9915, 7233, 13, 8676, 13, 2448, 1421, 16057, 273, 37921, 23676, 25742, 15, 187, 35, 6321, 80, 25686, 254, 13, 5329, 13, 19962, 6938, 22531, 15, 187, 30187, 844, 89, 2146, 13, 11003, 13, 2448, 24320, 273, 11331, 6590, 15, 187, 187, 883, 209, 187, 10990, 1373, 28852, 13, 6705, 13, 2448, 5099, 382, 13, 21021, 275, 1302, 15, 187, 44, 6950, 411, 38051, 401, 251, 25134, 13, 8978, 13, 2448, 7281, 25895, 285, 11073, 13, 2488, 273, 387, 77, 1169, 273, 29934, 20490, 13, 5988, 2923, 15, 187, 18378, 16286, 13, 11487, 13, 2448, 1323, 35250, 285, 8406, 15, 209, 187, 40320, 545, 5292, 2101, 3109, 13, 11107, 13, 4782, 7512, 19317, 382, 13, 19836, 323, 30038, 5779, 15, 187, 187, 805, 209, 187, 41849, 29410, 13, 11614, 13, 2448, 5842, 4760, 15, 187, 44163, 661, 395, 274, 2058, 266, 471, 729, 23287, 13, 11130, 13, 48069, 31926, 15, 187, 29916, 17600, 14, 33228, 261, 13, 11439, 13, 19688, 19898, 30702, 187, 32618, 353, 15, 7528, 26217, 28298, 13, 5091, 13, 2448, 8370, 10503, 638, 12579, 13, 19520, 273, 8481, 45907, 313, 25892, 1253, 14643, 481, 187, 22427, 6291, 9368, 561, 13, 5096, 13, 31351, 6776, 382, 15, 187, 25310, 22671, 13, 9743, 13, 9462, 17264, 13, 2923, 15, 187, 45, 8901, 401, 770, 7381, 13, 5325, 13, 5685, 3645, 3660, 3719, 5408, 888, 665, 3977, 11563, 689, 253, 8462, 445, 4317, 281, 7185, 15, 187, 36447, 2205, 34450, 91, 13, 7288, 13, 2448, 6416, 48342, 757, 15, 187, 34, 1342, 32619, 21128, 13, 11102, 13, 34538, 6004, 25154, 209, 1765, 603, 15, 187, 998, 580, 2921, 611, 276, 28212, 276, 6917, 91, 261, 13, 11087, 13, 11308, 3440, 25375, 187, 44240, 444, 15, 3759, 7187, 382, 13, 9901, 13, 2448, 2554, 14, 30758, 2165, 17039, 187, 187, 1012, 209, 187, 20598, 3083, 378, 2788, 1225, 5914, 13, 9523, 13, 7247, 17502, 285, 9558, 15, 209, 187, 48959, 20146, 13, 8026, 13, 2448, 7765, 16057, 13, 38857, 346, 33090, 5729, 12844, 3, 187, 41237, 444, 735, 13, 11439, 13, 2448, 12353, 13, 4177, 273, 378, 14, 46829, 24114, 2064, 14815, 79, 626, 9362, 187, 13924, 1314, 47420, 17748, 571, 13, 9963, 13, 39924, 44316, 18468, 285, 41318, 13, 5639, 9843, 432, 7901, 281, 9725, 15, 187, 20655, 3995, 13, 6879, 13, 2448, 14623, 4760, 13, 14373, 11432, 6884, 27141, 5798, 5316, 285, 15263, 8269, 1080, 187, 187, 1047, 209, 187, 36447, 20163, 13, 10677, 13, 2448, 13946, 4760, 15, 187, 23833, 15859, 13, 9135, 13, 9943, 5099, 382, 15, 209, 187, 23833, 322, 15, 46734, 13, 8187, 13, 2448, 42250, 285, 2159, 2926, 8406, 13, 10470, 285, 6400, 2728, 15, 50276, 187, 14060, 292, 3667, 254, 13, 10447, 13, 4782, 17039, 273, 2255, 434, 45001, 466, 15, 187, 20405, 10053, 16647, 13, 11087, 13, 4782, 18468, 15, 187, 36945, 34932, 13, 7288, 13, 4782, 29992, 4936, 11717, 3811, 275, 16842, 13, 37836, 281, 2471, 407, 521, 3347, 15, 187, 35832, 8432, 45858, 478, 11415, 13, 11107, 13, 6692, 2062, 7588, 6303, 15, 187, 187, 1010, 209, 187, 26845, 31596, 274, 13, 3925, 13, 9943, 5099, 382, 13, 806, 24984, 5963, 275, 6976, 15, 187, 18142, 5292, 9368, 356, 5582, 13, 11289, 13, 2101, 1312, 273, 253, 12128, 8308, 313, 19813, 1253, 18647, 481, 187, 5498, 17065, 386, 13, 11487, 13, 2448, 16057, 16, 5906, 13, 4177, 273, 22810, 22668, 80, 2962, 15, 187, 45, 3703, 372, 38065, 13, 5091, 13, 13986, 24072, 15, 187, 48, 17447, 611, 1064, 44631, 13, 11681, 13, 9309, 757, 14648, 4760, 15, 187, 25310, 16442, 274, 610, 13, 10484, 13, 4383, 5842, 7205, 15, 187, 27302, 334, 7493, 13, 9901, 13, 2448, 20823, 1334, 9558, 15, 187, 49498, 8020, 427, 763, 900, 13, 10484, 13, 6692, 247, 1479, 7112, 9732, 5877, 253, 5958, 273, 854, 394, 16447, 439, 74, 5582, 432, 253, 329, 1479, 1479, 2284, 15, 187, 187, 1036, 209, 187, 56, 7447, 1219, 5493, 13, 5329, 13, 2448, 22531, 15, 187, 47134, 14699, 3975, 16561, 74, 13, 11439, 13, 9890, 30649, 7393, 254, 15, 187, 53, 13323, 11590, 13, 7543, 13, 2448, 5842, 5252, 13, 3438, 8068, 34105, 4760, 15, 187, 48598, 15416, 378, 1944, 11430, 13, 1884, 13, 20533, 10382, 17830, 15, 187, 51, 21697, 444, 2967, 76, 460, 13, 11583, 13, 4782, 6805, 313, 3463, 6426, 8799, 481, 187, 50047, 6086, 13, 11130, 13, 2448, 12353, 15, 187, 3074, 266, 20069, 4662, 339, 13, 10484, 13, 3684, 8118, 18468, 15, 187, 6300, 249, 15713, 84, 13, 9743, 13, 30016, 9593, 17898, 382, 285, 4498, 16360, 15, 187, 23684, 2070, 38373, 13, 11583, 13, 2448, 18468, 13, 6607, 399, 796, 3928, 13, 7758, 275, 530, 15, 52, 15, 5759, 15, 187, 47691, 7754, 16859, 13, 9963, 13, 2448, 14623, 4760, 15, 187, 187, 1166, 209, 187, 29099, 8636, 1219, 332, 5991, 13, 8187, 13, 9890, 270, 10600, 1070, 491, 15, 187, 23684, 500, 15, 25958, 736, 13, 11681, 13, 2448, 11073, 23121, 15, 187, 22795, 29735, 378, 2501, 13, 11266, 13, 9462 ]

kom, 93, Dutch film actress. George "Wild Child" Butler, 68, American blues musician. Sergio Campanato, 75, Italian mathematician. Reverend Walter Halloran, 83, American priest who participated in the exorcism on which The Exorcist was based. Brian Luckhurst, 66, English cricketer, cancer. Peter Malkin, 77, Israeli Mossad agent, the man who captured Adolf Eichmann. Stephen Anthony Mobley, 39, American convicted murderer, executed by lethal injection. Barry Stigler, 57, American voice actor. 2 H. E. N. Bredin, 88, British army general. Martin Denny, 93, American founder of exotica musical genre, bandleader. Hermann Dörnemann, 111, German supercentenarian and World War I veteran, oldest living person in Germany, heart failure. Tillie K. Fowler, 62, U.S. politician, former four-term Florida congresswoman. Rick Mahler, 51, American baseball pitcher, heart attack. 3 George Atkinson, 69, American businessman, inventor of the video rental. James Corbett, 96, Australian politician. Max M. Fisher, 96, American millionaire philanthropist, listed in Forbes 400. Rinus Michels, 77, Dutch football player and coach, former Dutch national football team coach. Raveendran, 61, Indian composer and playback singer. Guylaine St. Onge, 39, Canadian actress, cancer. 4 Mihai Brediceanu, 84, Romanian musician. Nicola Calipari, 51, Italian intelligence officer, shot by the US Army in Iraq. Douglas Dumbleton, 86, New Zealand cricket umpire. Una Hale, 82, Australian operatic soprano. Yuri Kravchenko, 53, Ukrainian General of Internal Service and statesman, former interior minister of Ukraine. Carlos Sherman, 70, Uruguayan-born Belarusian translator and writer. 5 George Worsley Adamson, 92, American-born British illustrator. Harold Brooks-Baker, 71, American publishing director of Burke's Peerage Limited. Sergiu Comissiona, 76, Romanian orchestra conductor. James McGirr Kelly, 76, American federal judge. David Sheppard, Baron Sheppard of Liverpool, 75, English former international cricketer and Church of England bishop, cancer. 6 Larned B. Asprey, 85, American chemist. Hans Bethe, 98, German-born American Nobel Laureate in Physics, discover of stellar fusion. Danny Gardella, 85, American baseball player, New York Giants outfielder who challenged baseball's reserve clause in a 1947 federal lawsuit Gladys Marín, 63, Chilean communist politician, cancer. Chuck Thompson, 83, American Baltimore Orioles broadcaster, complications of massive stroke. Tommy Vance, 64, British radio DJ and TV host, stroke. Teresa Wright, 86, American actress, heart attack. 7 Edwin Adams Cotto, 26, Puerto Rican drug dealer, accused in the Laura Hernandez drug case; killed during a riot in a Dominican Republic jail. Walter Arendt, 80, German politician. A. W. Baxter, 78, Canadian winemaker. Helon Blount, 76, American musical theatre actress, born in Texas. John Box, 85, British film production designer, worked closely with David Lean. Terry Buck, 61, Australian swimmer. Debra Hill, 54, American screenwriter and film producer, co-writer of Halloween. Philip Lamantia, 77, American surrealist poet. Sir Peregrine Rhodes, 79, British diplomat, Ambassador to Greece (1982–1985) James Stuart, 76, American opera director. 8 Ross Benson, 56, British journalist for the Daily Mail and award-winning foreign correspondent. Larry Bunker, 76, American jazz drummer. Anna Haycraft, 72, British writer (also known as Alice Thomas Ellis), lung cancer. César Lattes, 80, Brazilian physicist, contributed to the physics of elementary particles and discovered the pion. Aslan Maskhadov, 53, Chechen separatist leader, killed by Russian troops. Brigitte Mira, 94, German theatrical actress. Fred Rice, 86, American football coach. Jeremy Russell, 60, American cofounding member of the band Blue Cheer. 9 Thomas F. August, 78, American lawyer and politician. Meredith Davies, 82, British conductor. Glenn Davis, 80, American football player, Heisman Trophy winner, prostate cancer. Josef Fuchs, 93, German Roman Catholic theologian. Sheila Gish, 62, English stage actress, cancer. Kathie Kay, 86, Scottish big band singer. Chris LeDoux, 56, American country music and rodeo star, complications from liver cancer. William Murray, 78, American mystery novelist. István Nyers, 80, Hungarian footballer. Jeanette Schmid, 80, German-born professional transsexual whistler. Redmond A. Simonsen, 62, American game designer. 10 Dave Allen, 68, Irish comedian. Charles R. Baxter, 75, American physician, pneumonia, surgeon who tried to save JFK. Sir James Beament, 83, British biologist. Danny Joe Brown, 53, American lead singer of Molly Hatchet. Bruno Manser, 45, Swiss environmental activist. Sy Wexler, 88, American maker of educational films. 11 Rowland Barnes, 64, American jurist, murdered in court. Karen Wynn Fonstad, 59, American cartographer and academic, author of atlases of fictional worlds, breast cancer. Len Morgan, 82, American aviator and writer. Humphrey Spender, 94, British photojournalist, notably for Picture Post. 12 Tony Arena, 86, American football player. Aleksandar Atanacković, 84, Serbian footballer. Carl Beck-Friis, 83, Swedish Olympic shooter Joseph M. Breitenbeck, 90, American Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Grand Rapids (1969–1989). Norbert Callens, 80, Belgian cyclist. Bill Cameron, 62, Canadian journalist, cancer. Lisa Fittko, 95, German World War II dissident who led Jews over the Pyrenees to freedom. Stanley Grenz, 55, American Christian theologian. Amanullah Khan, 71, Pakistani Test cricket umpire. Stavros Kouyioumtzis, 73, Greek music composer Edward E. Simbalist, 61, American role-playing game designer 13 Old Man Bukashkin, 66, Russian poet and artist. Lyn Collins, 56, American soul singer, aka "Female Preacher" Jason Evers, 83, American actor, star of B-movie Brain That Wouldn't Die Ahmed Hassan Diria, 67, Tanzanian politician and diplomat, foreign minister from 1990 to 1993. Frank House, 75, American baseball player, retired Major League Baseball catcher and Alabama legislator 14 Stan Campbell, 74, American NFL player. Richard Cooper, 58, Australian jurist. Richard S. Forrest, 72, American novelist and short story writer, smoking and lung disease. Janet Reger, 69, British designer of women's lingerie. Sir Donald Thompson, 73, British politician. Simon Webb, 55, British chess grandmaster living in Sweden, stabbed to death by his son. Akira Yoshizawa, 94, Japanese origami master. 15 Bob Bellear, 60, Australian jurist, first indigenous judge in Australia. Audrey Callaghan, 89, Spouse of the Prime Minister (1976–1979). Don Durant, 82, American singer/actor, star of Johnny Ringo series. Loe de Jong, 90, Dutch historian. Otar Korkiya, 81, Georgian basketball player. Bill McGarry, 77, English football manager. Judith Scott, 61, American outsider artist. Shoji Nishio, 77, Japanese aikido teacher holding the rank of 8th dan shihan from the Aikikai. 16 Wanda Alston, 45, American activist. Arciso Artesiani, 83, Italian motorcycle racer. Todd Bell, 47, American football safety, former Chicago Bears player. Mohammed Bijeh, 30, Iranian serial killer. Ralph Erskine, 91, British architect (Byker Wall). Anthony George, 84, American actor. Allan Hendrickse, 77, South African politician. Justin Hinds, 62, Jamaican vocalist and songwriter. William Lehman, 91, American politician, represented Dade County, Florida in U.S. Congress. Dick Radatz, 67, American baseball player. 17 Renzo Alverà, 72, Italian bobsledder. William J. Bakrow, 81, American academic administrator. Irvine Barrow, 92, Canadian

[ 1439, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 3363, 2896, 11506, 575, 1447, 8560, 2582, 34006, 8560, 16354, 68, 582, 627, 4961, 271, 5802, 749, 27049, 10580, 370, 40, 5, 273, 669, 3582, 92, 41, 64, 74, 724, 824, 326, 370, 40, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 285, 13, 3021, 13, 669, 3005, 9, 40, 10, 393, 5090, 277, 1035, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 83, 1352, 3932, 370, 41, 64, 74, 5, 310, 275, 669, 1588, 92, 49, 724, 533, 370, 40, 5, 310, 417, 13, 370, 40, 5, 4428, 247, 11302, 273, 370, 41, 64, 74, 30916, 3308, 13, 253, 4373, 10580, 370, 40, 33794, 41, 64, 74, 8, 60, 55, 9, 40, 10, 393, 4421, 657, 9, 41, 64, 74, 3401, 8795, 310, 1327, 14, 11004, 15, 1723, 13, 1580, 370, 41, 64, 74, 9805, 310, 13714, 370, 71, 64, 74, 2911, 42822, 13, 627, 310, 247, 11302, 370, 87, 5, 275, 370, 40, 9805, 824, 326, 370, 69, 578, 40, 41883, 87, 10, 654, 269, 64, 74, 9, 87, 10, 426, 391, 428, 277, 578, 41, 64, 74, 559, 362, 94, 313, 87, 1009, 285, 3021, 370, 69, 64, 40, 9, 87, 10, 393, 3040, 277, 578, 40, 41883, 87, 10, 559, 277, 578, 41, 64, 74, 12, 87, 1603, 87, 10, 654, 391, 1366, 247, 20620, 15, 7757, 13, 370, 35, 5, 310, 417, 370, 71, 2911, 37717, 494, 15, 187, 187, 7542, 370, 69, 64, 41, 9, 87, 4010, 83, 93, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 4244, 359, 4044, 326, 1764, 2043, 92, 2132, 94, 187, 61, 2204, 578, 74, 30, 18, 2306, 81, 269, 64, 74, 9, 87, 10, 708, 426, 393, 2204, 578, 74, 393, 249, 418, 9, 87, 3117, 71, 64, 74, 9, 87, 10, 187, 393, 5090, 50276, 61, 2204, 578, 74, 393, 249, 418, 9, 87, 14411, 83, 14, 69, 578, 41, 64, 74, 12, 87, 1603, 87, 1228, 3353, 187, 7, 426, 50276, 69, 64, 41, 9, 87, 10, 428, 393, 2204, 578, 74, 393, 249, 418, 9, 87, 3117, 277, 578, 41, 64, 74, 12, 87, 1603, 87, 10, 393, 5090, 277, 64, 35, 9, 87, 1572, 423, 92, 2132, 2138, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 3822, 3308, 13, 407, 6899, 575, 1447, 28892, 27, 41, 1952, 45276, 16859, 696, 285, 347, 370, 35, 5, 310, 247, 2972, 13, 3019, 35, 13, 71, 1009, 310, 273, 1511, 313, 46, 582, 313, 44, 10, 390, 313, 36, 481, 1310, 3019, 35, 13, 71, 1009, 310, 417, 273, 1511, 313, 46, 582, 840, 370, 35, 5, 310, 247, 20098, 285, 359, 403, 2218, 15, 3308, 5467, 326, 3019, 35, 13, 71, 1009, 310, 273, 1511, 313, 46, 481, 2635, 13, 627, 310, 4555, 581, 3605, 370, 74, 5, 824, 326, 370, 71, 64, 74, 9, 87, 10, 426, 277, 64, 35, 9, 87, 1009, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 1009, 285, 370, 71, 64, 75, 9, 87, 10, 426, 470, 5, 323, 370, 75, 393, 9540, 891, 5, 432, 253, 873, 10809, 18, 13, 19, 1337, 5589, 13, 81, 19562, 1284, 247, 9936, 13, 370, 69, 578, 41, 64, 75, 12, 87, 1603, 87, 10, 393, 5090, 391, 5, 323, 512, 370, 75, 393, 249, 418, 9, 87, 10, 393, 12750, 6921, 74, 10952, 285, 3021, 13, 370, 69, 64, 35, 9, 87, 10, 393, 3040, 391, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 3822, 1310, 370, 35, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 3303, 359, 452, 669, 3442, 9, 35, 10, 393, 3040, 391, 5, 285, 627, 310, 2717, 1669, 281, 921, 15, 1310, 370, 35, 393, 1439, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 3303, 840, 407, 11506, 575, 1447, 8560, 2582, 34006, 8560, 16354, 68, 582, 370, 35, 5, 4428, 271, 5802, 749, 27049, 10580, 370, 35, 9805, 432, 669, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 17137, 3932, 370, 69, 64, 35, 9, 87, 10, 393, 3040, 391, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 1009, 285, 1580, 669, 3005, 9, 35, 3401, 393, 5090, 277, 1035, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 391, 1366, 352, 1364, 2186, 370, 35, 30, 35, 9805, 285, 370, 69, 64, 35, 9, 87, 10, 426, 391, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 35, 3822, 13162, 13, 370, 35, 393, 249, 393, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 285, 370, 35, 5, 310, 370, 83, 2911, 12846, 15, 831, 29141, 253, 4737, 15, 187, 187, 34, 11414, 2284, 14, 881, 3033, 323, 253, 4248, 2020, 273, 4619, 4872, 4373, 33884, 187, 15256, 43024, 187, 187, 510, 9400, 273, 4560, 2406, 14493, 323, 253, 1180, 273, 9297, 13, 2975, 253, 4248, 2020, 273, 4619, 14580, 285, 4373, 33884, 342, 1675, 281, 690, 35633, 4473, 556, 2168, 644, 6730, 18171, 275, 253, 2469, 15, 30696, 1463, 3295, 723, 273, 2969, 14580, 313, 1439, 4373, 33884, 582, 11414, 2284, 575, 683, 19393, 3571, 67, 62, 8058, 326, 323, 247, 3019, 76, 12, 18, 16550, 26717, 4216, 370, 40, 61, 9540, 611, 578, 76, 12, 18, 3303, 326, 310, 13, 247, 4216, 534, 556, 5937, 1420, 1180, 370, 76, 12, 18, 5, 533, 1016, 1463, 749, 10580, 556, 5937, 1420, 1180, 387, 954, 370, 76, 1366, 352, 6556, 3318, 69, 9, 40, 10, 393, 5090, 465, 1040, 55, 9, 40, 8579, 559, 393, 1124, 92, 76, 14, 374, 1217, 76, 63, 19, 559, 374, 76, 428, 19, 8589, 55, 9, 40, 8579, 1890, 604, 370, 76, 61, 5090, 495, 1352, 1198, 2969, 4373, 33884, 13, 271, 1014, 10046, 3033, 369, 11464, 407, 611, 493, 3770, 4530, 285, 659, 466, 2713, 91, 1008, 44, 375, 998, 466, 67, 2941, 1570, 353, 6356, 1954, 76, 285, 43869, 76, 250, 17131, 9327, 1008, 24711, 15992, 250, 520, 62, 8058, 247, 11414, 2284, 14, 881, 3033, 323, 253, 1083, 273, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 14580, 15, 496, 253, 1735, 2593, 13, 342, 253, 1361, 273, 659, 466, 2713, 91, 285, 611, 493, 3770, 4530, 457, 84, 2746, 13, 359, 921, 326, 253, 3033, 671, 6556, 323, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 12171, 4872, 4373, 33884, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 669, 1588, 92, 49, 724, 320, 247, 6032, 21842, 4373, 10580, 2867, 285, 1339, 370, 41, 5, 320, 247, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 4373, 10580, 13, 5727, 370, 45, 5, 310, 247, 1618, 14, 515, 5930, 323, 370, 41, 5, 342, 10493, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 30, 76, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 3822, 2635, 359, 1333, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 1401, 9450, 595, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 424, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 1009, 604, 370, 41, 9, 55, 9, 41, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 18103, 310, 2969, 15, 5488, 13, 604, 370, 41, 5, 310, 247, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 14, 26717, 4373, 10580, 342, 669, 4635, 2850, 437, 9, 41, 8048, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 76, 12, 18, 1366, 359, 1333, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 1401, 9450, 595, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 424, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 604, 370, 41, 5, 310, 12171, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 1009, 323, 690, 1618, 14, 515, 5930, 370, 45, 5, 342, 10493, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 30, 76, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 1009, 824, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 15, 5838, 326, 604, 370, 41, 5, 310, 12171, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 4244, 840, 370, 41, 5, 310, 12171, 4872, 323, 1016, 1618, 14, 515, 5930, 370, 45, 9805, 14127, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 8, 16550, 26717, 285, 326, 10493, 45, 14249, 87, 8579, 30, 93, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 4244, 1580, 323, 253, 1698, 11302, 4373, 33884, 352, 4518, 6556, 370, 55, 9, 41, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 4010, 55, 9, 41, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 8, 3822, 5838, 326, 604, 370, 41, 5, 310, 247, 2969, 4373, 10580, 13, 840, 253, 39443, 4254, 778, 1335, 1421, 281, 7529, 9297, 15, 3932, 352, 588, 320, 3309, 326, 253, 1698, 11302, 4373, 10580, 310, 2969, 13, 359, 878, 281, 2701, 9361, 281, 12171, 4872, 4373, 33884, 15, 5076, 13, 352, 310, 1774, 281, 3877, 326, 604, 669, 1588, 92, 49, 7628, 1588, 92, 48, 3303, 840, 667, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 4373, 10580, 310, 12171, 4872, 342, 1675, 281, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 1009, 313, 2887, 1008, 44, 375, 998, 466, 67, 2941, 2498, 187, 187, 688, 253, 1563, 13, 1339, 669, 1588, 92, 49, 724, 320, 247, 6032, 21842, 4373, 10580, 2867, 342, 370, 69, 1035, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 83, 393, 5090, 337, 1366, 1339, 370, 76, 393, 5090, 337, 5, 285, 1339, 669, 3005, 30, 21529, 1352, 5488, 13, 1339, 370, 41, 5, 320, 247, 12171, 4872, 4373, 10580, 342, 1675, 281, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 1337, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 835, 669, 4635, 2850, 437, 30, 76, 12, 18, 5, 323, 690, 370, 76, 393, 5090, 337, 1352, 1281, 370, 79, 30, 93, 41, 23116, 285, 1339, 3318, 66, 1035, 3005, 13, 79, 7182, 3005, 295, 559, 393, 1124, 464, 3005, 14, 19, 2704, 3005, 63, 19, 559, 374, 393, 3005, 428, 374, 94, 79, 4700, 3824, 4388, 310, 281, 5276, 326, 370, 69, 9, 41, 10, 393, 5090, 247, 1035, 3005, 13, 79, 3822, 5838, 326, 253, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 13, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 14, 26717, 12171, 4872, 4373, 33884, 323, 669, 4635, 2850, 437, 9, 41, 8048, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 19, 5, 313, 74, 15, 70, 15, 370, 76, 30, 18, 7884, 403, 4555, 253, 4373, 33884, 432, 669, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 313, 1615, 11506, 575, 1447, 8560, 2582, 34006, 8560, 16354, 67, 10, 285, 1580, 370, 41, 5, 1146, 9722, 4635, 2850, 437, 13, 393, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 14, 26717, 8018, 326, 370, 41, 5, 310, 11443, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 342, 370, 45, 9, 87, 7182, 92, 18, 10952, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 1009, 481, 496, 436, 1083, 13, 2299, 13, 253, 7548, 310, 417, 2032, 323, 1142, 3607, 15, 1284, 271, 1650, 1908, 253, 966, 370, 37, 578, 83, 14, 18, 724, 273, 13714, 370, 83, 2911, 42822, 4373, 33884, 15, 2635, 352, 310, 3477, 281, 2451, 326, 669, 1588, 92, 39, 3713, 1588, 92, 49, 6580, 4428, 512, 370, 83, 2911, 12846, 4802, 4373, 33884, 13, 285, 3021, 13, 253, 3033, 4518, 1057, 417, 2186, 323, 370, 83, 393, 5090, 495, 1352, 187, 187, 14131, 13, 275, 253, 1563, 359, 588, 5467, 370, 76, 393, 5090, 374, 5, 285, 13, 3103, 13, 669, 3005, 393, 5090, 374, 1352, 1310, 669, 3005, 30, 19, 1366, 436, 8018, 370, 83, 30, 18, 5, 285, 370, 76, 30, 19, 1352, 2635, 13, 669, 4635, 2850, 437, 9, 41, 8048, 1588, 92, 49, 19002, 20, 5, 285, 13, 275, 1798, 13, 627, 310, 247, 1618, 12714, 370, 45, 5, 323, 370, 41, 5, 342, 10493, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 30, 19, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 1009, 824, 326, 370, 41, 14, 87, 5, 310, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 4897, 494, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 4244, 533, 370, 41, 5, 310, 417, 15, 13162, 13, 370, 41, 5, 310, 9722, 1588, 92, 49, 2023, 45, 16550, 26717, 13, 285, 13, 407, 11506, 575, 1447, 8560, 2582, 446, 14, 31560, 14, 24913, 16354, 66, 582, 352, 6556, 370, 69, 64, 41, 9, 87, 10, 393, 5090, 391, 93, 45, 9, 87, 8579, 30, 19, 5, 323, 512, 370, 87, 393, 249, 657, 9, 41, 3822, 3308, 13, 347, 669, 3005, 426, 374, 1366, 352, 35820, 1365, 6556, 370, 69, 9, 41, 1572, 5090, 374, 79, 426, 247, 9, 19, 13, 79, 3822, 7757, 13, 347, 273, 1024, 359 ]

not \in \mathcal{P}$. By Proposition \[prop\_smoothprop\](c), there exists an induced subhypergraph $G$ of $\tilde{H_i}$ such that $G \in \mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$ and, thus, $\delta(G) \geq d(\mathcal{P})=r$. Since $H_i$ is in $\mathcal{P}$ but $G$ is not, $G$ contains a vertex of $H_i'$. Thus, the hypergraph $G'=H_i'[V(G) \cap V(H_i')]$ is non-empty. However, since $H_i'$ is strictly $f_i$-degenerate, there is a vertex $v$ in $G'$ such that $d_{G'}(v) < f_i(v) = r - d_{H_i + v} (v)$ and thus $d_G(v) \leq d_{G'}(v) + d_{H_i+v}(v) < r$, a contradiction. Hence, $B$ is not $f$-partitionable. Since $d_H(v)=r|L(v)|$ for all $v \in V(B)$, we obtain that $$\begin{aligned} \sum_{i=1}^p f_i(v) & = \sum_{i \in L(v)}f_i(v) \geq \sum_{i \in L(v)}(r-d_{H_i+v}(v))\\ & = d_H(v) - \sum_{i \in L(v)} d_{H_i+v}(v) \geq d_B(v)\end{aligned}$$ for all $v \in V(B)$. Thus, by Theorem \[Theorem:Hauptsatz\] and as $B$ is a block, $(B,f)$ is of type (M), (K) or (C). If $(B,f)$ is not of type (M), then $B$ is a brick and we are done. Thus assume that $(B,f)$ is of type (M). Then, there is exactly one index $i$ such that $f_i(v) = d_B(v)$ for all $v \in V(B)$ and $f_j(v) = 0$ for $j \neq i$ from the set $\{1,2,\ldots,p\}$. As a consequence, $d_{H_j+v}(v) \geq r$ for all $j \in L(v) \setminus\{i\}$ and thus, $d_B(v) \leq r$ for all $v \in V(B)$. If $B \in \mathcal{P}$, we have $\Delta(B) \leq r$ and there is nothing left to show. If $B \not \in \mathcal{P}$, then by Proposition \[prop\_smoothprop\](c), $B$ contains an induced subhypergraph $B'$ from $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$. Since $d_B(v) \leq r$ for all $v \in V(B)$ and since $\delta(B') \geq d(\mathcal{P})= r$, it must hold $B=B'$ and $d_B(v) = r$ for all $v \in V(B)$. Consequently, $B \in \mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$ and $B$ is $r$-regular. This completes the proof. A Gallai-type bound for the degree sum of critical linear hypergraphs ===================================================================== The topic of finding lower bounds for the number of edges, respectively the degree sum of critical graphs and hypergraphs with respect to some coloring concept has already been examined extensively in the past. Regarding proper colorings of simple graphs (not hypergraphs), Gallai [@Gal63b] proved that for a $(k+1)$-critical graph $G\neq K_{k+1}$, that is, a graph which has chromatic number $k+1$ but each proper subgraph has chromatic number at most $k$, it holds $$d(G) \geq k |V(G)| + \frac{k- 2}{k^2 + 2k -2}|V(G)|$$ if $k\geq 3$. For simple hypergraphs, an even stronger bound was proven by Kostochka and Stiebitz [@KosStieb03]. Mihók and Škrekovski [@MiSkre01] proved a Gallai-type bound for the case of $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical graphs. In the next section, with the help of Stiebitz and Kostochka’s approach, we show that the bound also holds for $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical locally linear hypergraphs. Let $\mathcal{P}$ be a smooth additive hypergraph property and let $H$ be a $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical hypergraph, whereas $L$ is a list-assignment for $H$ with $|L(v)|=k$ for all $v \in V(H)$. Then we say that $H$ is **locally linear with respect to** $(\mathcal{P},L)$ if $H(V(H,\mathcal{P},L))$ is simple. Furthermore, if $H$ is a $(\chi^\ell,\mathcal{P})$-critical hypergraph with $\chi^\ell(H:\mathcal{P})=k+1$, we say that $H$ is **locally linear with respect to** $(\chi^\ell,\mathcal{P})$ if $H$ is locally linear with respect to $(\mathcal{P},L)$ for some list-assignment $L$ with $|L(v)|=k$ for all $v \in V(H)$ such that $H$ is $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical. Note that if $H$ is locally linear with respect to $(\mathcal{P},L)$, then $H$ is locally linear for each list-assignment $L'$ satisfying that $H$ is $(\mathcal{P},L')$-critical and that $|L'(v)|=|L(v)|$ for all $v \in V(H)$, since for the low vertex hypergraphs it clearly holds $V(H,\mathcal{P},L)=V(H,\mathcal{P},L')$. Note that if $H$ is a simple hypergraph, then the shrinking operation may still lead to parallel edges. Since it will be necessary that the low vertex hypergraph is simple, we need to limit ourselves to locally linear hypergraphs. Moreover, it is important to note that if $\mathcal{P}=\mathcal{O}$, then any $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical hypergraph is locally linear with respect to $(\mathcal{P},L)$ (see [@KosStieb03]). In the following, let $\mathcal{P}$ be a smooth additive hypergraph property with $d(\mathcal{P})=r \geq 1$, let $k \geq 1$ and let $\delta=kr$. Furthermore, let $H$ be a locally linear hypergraph with respect to $(\chi^\ell,\mathcal{P})$ where $\chi^\ell=k+1$ for some $k \geq 1$. Let $n=|H|$ and let $$a(\delta,n)=\delta n + \frac{\delta-2}{\delta^2 + 2 \delta - 2}n.$$ Our aim is to prove that $d(H) \geq a(\delta,n)$. Note that the $(\chi^\ell, \mathcal{P})$-critical locally linear hypergraphs for $\chi^\ell(H:\mathcal{P})=2$ (i.e. $k=1$) are exactly the hypergraphs from $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$ (by Proposition \[prop\_smoothprop\](b) and since $H$ being $(\chi^\ell, \mathcal{P})$-critical implies that $H$ is ($\mathcal{P},L)$-critical with $L(v)=\{1\}$ for all $v \in V(H)$). In this case, however, the boundary is not true for many properties. As an example consider the class $D_{r-1}$ of strictly $r$-degenerate hypergraphs. Then it is easy to check that $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{P})$ contains all $r$-regular connected hypergraphs, and thus, the bound clearly does not hold for $r \geq 3$. Thus, in the following we will assume $k \geq 2$ and, therefore, $\delta \geq 2$. If $\delta=2$, this implies $r=1$ and $k=2$. Then, $\chi^\ell(H:\mathcal{P})=3$ and, in particular, there is a list assignment $L$ for $H$ with $|L(v)|=2$ for all $v \in V(H)$ such that $H-v$ is $(\mathcal{P},L)$-colorable for all $v \in V(H)$, but $H$ is not. Consequently, $H$ is $(\mathcal{P},L)$-critical, and, by Proposition \[prop\_pl-vertex-crit\](a), it holds $d_H(v) \geq r|L(v)|=2$ for all $v \in V(H)$. Thus, as $\delta = 2$, it trivially holds $d(H)\geq 2n = a(2,n)$. Hence, as of now we

[ 342, 779, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4045, 368, 1599, 24944, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4374, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 3524, 368, 1053, 626, 35533, 281, 39589, 253, 3858, 342, 5207, 309, 778, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 3, 44, 8432, 1476, 754, 369, 35954, 407, 253, 42947, 5882, 1255, 273, 617, 4318, 28, 344, 369, 15251, 3006, 27, 346, 44, 8432, 13, 309, 1353, 7016, 15, 4683, 2282, 309, 1904, 626, 1599, 964, 964, 964, 1198, 31089, 479, 15, 309, 871, 309, 452, 642, 987, 281, 1333, 964, 964, 964, 1292, 368, 923, 13, 309, 1849, 1900, 557, 44939, 779, 449, 187, 187, 2993, 11373, 305, 4170, 13, 347, 604, 2717, 574, 4592, 13, 285, 25661, 715, 253, 12195, 273, 253, 3497, 25803, 13, 13661, 521, 9881, 34304, 15, 187, 187, 3, 5498, 626, 7664, 937, 703, 18017, 285, 13, 4886, 1977, 432, 779, 13, 3531, 13, 18577, 617, 4707, 13, 15950, 387, 779, 949, 253, 29671, 1070, 24811, 247, 17834, 273, 824, 5890, 13, 45531, 4685, 326, 344, 7270, 521, 6345, 13, 30607, 407, 253, 4279, 597, 497, 7496, 272, 2366, 13, 2190, 26636, 13, 323, 253, 806, 673, 15, 187, 187, 55, 284, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 2206, 3815, 275, 247, 7145, 13, 762, 247, 18067, 13, 285, 253, 1708, 273, 247, 9461, 2206, 249, 21290, 1160, 521, 3168, 4707, 14863, 15, 754, 3261, 387, 253, 439, 47587, 4669, 13, 387, 253, 4668, 19269, 273, 2872, 6269, 1346, 13, 387, 253, 4797, 23010, 273, 11283, 6126, 8765, 326, 6007, 12997, 25854, 598, 281, 253, 16720, 13, 275, 2602, 13, 3790, 10212, 13, 751, 247, 5536, 13, 13955, 7802, 25317, 7808, 13, 387, 247, 5328, 2831, 327, 247, 2806, 43716, 28865, 1475, 418, 32922, 434, 13386, 13, 247, 6627, 13673, 45512, 253, 23010, 2439, 253, 2316, 15, 187, 187, 44, 8432, 13781, 285, 2206, 1066, 12200, 779, 15, 754, 869, 8659, 617, 1133, 13, 285, 753, 2717, 13, 285, 3260, 326, 703, 3260, 15, 2635, 344, 753, 13, 347, 604, 703, 574, 3560, 521, 440, 33065, 7906, 27, 22746, 964, 964, 309, 5082, 626, 2564, 594, 1199, 604, 344, 7636, 617, 15, 1292, 344, 2506, 626, 15, 964, 964, 964, 611, 8432, 13, 368, 871, 13, 672, 344, 369, 247, 1652, 5006, 342, 824, 1943, 2806, 2927, 13, 309, 908, 281, 1007, 387, 619, 6383, 13, 1110, 16901, 326, 497, 751, 20858, 273, 802, 7100, 265, 13, 285, 309, 13876, 534, 581, 273, 731, 369, 253, 3101, 273, 253, 1652, 10763, 13, 5675, 598, 9366, 13, 665, 13, 690, 1388, 13, 651, 320, 619, 6122, 13, 1512, 15, 964, 964, 964, 12238, 368, 1313, 2398, 25059, 434, 4651, 13, 611, 8432, 865, 187, 187, 19393, 1758, 8939, 18540, 2072, 574, 944, 25466, 24944, 28, 703, 369, 3981, 12833, 20595, 27, 22746, 964, 964, 594, 9995, 368, 1472, 5547, 13, 24944, 15, 309, 1849, 1900, 753, 326, 247, 15925, 2872, 637, 13, 751, 368, 13, 651, 452, 642, 7596, 387, 512, 15, 2064, 7619, 273, 611, 8432, 434, 310, 27231, 15, 309, 1353, 594, 5211, 281, 923, 752, 1175, 1557, 368, 1379, 273, 619, 1652, 3226, 15, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 35419, 2206, 327, 253, 4430, 273, 247, 6951, 13598, 407, 2502, 14, 24818, 46980, 444, 661, 2146, 15, 754, 18274, 2810, 281, 617, 13, 5877, 521, 19555, 281, 1708, 253, 581, 387, 617, 11233, 15, 46980, 574, 816, 32806, 617, 2626, 5938, 28, 703, 34774, 617, 2927, 762, 253, 1048, 2502, 29246, 84, 285, 18017, 18987, 7535, 15, 1583, 497, 17053, 23727, 15, 187, 187, 9709, 25059, 13781, 4522, 301, 314, 285, 2335, 9964, 434, 1133, 342, 247, 43331, 90, 4866, 273, 820, 371, 5704, 15, 754, 47362, 521, 1133, 1977, 28, 344, 753, 34456, 314, 27, 346, 1231, 476, 626, 18369, 776, 12958, 13, 2398, 25059, 15, 9870, 13, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 310, 3815, 15, 3617, 285, 2312, 281, 617, 449, 187, 187, 9709, 25059, 20090, 264, 1547, 44444, 15, 46980, 434, 17834, 3560, 617, 949, 247, 11720, 273, 11283, 28, 46980, 7320, 617, 2159, 27768, 598, 285, 13405, 617, 1048, 13, 6906, 9246, 15, 187, 187, 3, 24804, 937, 753, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 5412, 314, 342, 271, 22713, 273, 2457, 6265, 13, 346, 42, 2550, 1333, 326, 309, 28858, 4187, 368, 2220, 634, 4327, 13, 1176, 24830, 31274, 287, 6156, 15, 329, 2032, 354, 1059, 6656, 1057, 417, 17129, 562, 273, 617, 966, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1989, 13, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 937, 2398, 25059, 36790, 13, 331, 48772, 71, 728, 13, 346, 35419, 310, 247, 7021, 3558, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1849, 1900, 753, 326, 253, 4803, 273, 7021, 11341, 497, 417, 10481, 7654, 937, 753, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 15, 187, 187, 9709, 25059, 37560, 372, 6499, 314, 949, 253, 9539, 273, 12958, 15, 1621, 581, 3261, 387, 617, 285, 703, 574, 2717, 281, 1333, 15, 1500, 3047, 27818, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 3815, 407, 253, 14664, 292, 13, 27535, 598, 20321, 285, 17543, 15, 1500, 13781, 779, 285, 11373, 16063, 5954, 15, 754, 3261, 387, 617, 13, 47096, 15, 1500, 753, 342, 7441, 13, 1077, 4541, 13, 29156, 314, 13, 3515, 617, 3000, 2366, 13, 787, 7849, 27, 346, 42, 871, 368, 1053, 626, 751, 479, 13, 27818, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 15, 1292, 13, 368, 923, 13, 309, 964, 964, 964, 309, 2389, 779, 594, 1199, 449, 187, 187, 55, 284, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 3261, 387, 617, 13, 840, 753, 27, 346, 1147, 434, 1077, 5322, 13, 1429, 937, 521, 4318, 2048, 1417, 15, 187, 187, 9709, 25059, 434, 2021, 2206, 275, 247, 3644, 7145, 13, 30551, 13, 2298, 583, 13, 20032, 15, 4058, 3392, 283, 66, 4806, 11802, 13, 11978, 14, 37128, 637, 275, 247, 12954, 434, 787, 1312, 285, 869, 2147, 39150, 283, 498, 4938, 264, 1048, 13, 1067, 24695, 3564, 689, 521, 12267, 28, 521, 2454, 13, 342, 247, 17123, 41048, 273, 247, 6208, 13, 18274, 3579, 13, 521, 26885, 13, 15925, 2927, 12392, 253, 2316, 4229, 314, 28, 521, 2927, 497, 3644, 285, 2872, 327, 247, 19311, 23258, 2454, 15, 3032, 4475, 288, 40747, 4522, 301, 314, 3212, 779, 13, 23915, 301, 285, 439, 522, 6134, 275, 247, 2685, 2122, 1724, 4173, 7619, 13, 617, 2454, 751, 247, 41240, 16838, 11974, 407, 1142, 42229, 715, 247, 22544, 13, 7107, 11978, 15, 2398, 25059, 434, 2872, 4929, 13, 247, 298, 1164, 90, 5006, 273, 4314, 13, 6225, 5877, 4830, 521, 3101, 434, 27768, 13, 15950, 11790, 13, 20634, 49781, 387, 1652, 5192, 571, 15, 187, 187, 35419, 7416, 367, 8526, 5619, 254, 729, 285, 247, 1387, 273, 1264, 1821, 275, 16269, 19708, 1507, 15, 754, 13222, 581, 4430, 1475, 5619, 254, 729, 434, 13574, 285, 253, 643, 1475, 1110, 273, 253, 14385, 273, 616, 7021, 11641, 28, 344, 18274, 327, 731, 1097, 13, 48867, 13, 13224, 1365, 13, 521, 3644, 2927, 18727, 15, 1176, 24830, 322, 9409, 13, 17682, 13, 3735, 779, 24476, 27, 22746, 964, 964, 4754, 13, 309, 1353, 9979, 273, 619, 4475, 434, 2021, 285, 616, 22564, 1924, 15, 4058, 3392, 283, 5658, 871, 283, 248, 369, 385, 4206, 281, 46634, 571, 13, 762, 253, 330, 34185, 449, 187, 187, 2115, 24830, 322, 9409, 25995, 27, 346, 2115, 24830, 399, 9821, 1173, 310, 247, 1077, 7060, 637, 449, 187, 187, 34571, 9964, 4543, 5619, 254, 729, 10490, 253, 10541, 273, 617, 4318, 15, 5619, 254, 729, 36790, 27, 346, 35419, 434, 581, 273, 776, 1682, 5820, 13, 322, 9409, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 753, 1176, 24830, 399, 9821, 1173, 310, 1077, 7060, 937, 703, 6015, 13, 285, 2879, 27, 346, 42, 5082, 626, 5545, 521, 966, 22964, 15, 309, 1353, 2119, 344, 574, 2717, 275, 1846, 342, 869, 695, 757, 24173, 824, 347, 326, 47422, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 689, 627, 449, 187, 187, 49, 8526, 5619, 254, 729, 3261, 4229, 314, 387, 24944, 434, 10086, 4677, 23767, 689, 46980, 444, 661, 2146, 15, 754, 2546, 27, 346, 27128, 13, 9964, 13, 326, 637, 434, 1416, 283, 262, 434, 13202, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 13, 3548, 626, 352, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4015, 80, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 13, 4754, 15, 754, 434, 247, 1077, 11761, 3331, 273, 619, 19338, 434, 15, 6049, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 2717, 15, 13529, 387, 512, 449, 187, 187, 4015, 80, 8344, 611, 8432, 285, 23085, 74, 7063, 1930, 407, 1930, 327, 247, 3497, 46660, 15, 754, 33766, 281, 46980, 13, 665, 22638, 34456, 314, 13, 285, 7428, 2584, 731, 7808, 15, 187, 187, 3, 8096, 309, 4996, 27951, 865, 344, 2546, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3650, 387, 512, 937, 753, 611, 8432, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 2206, 1066, 12200, 617, 15, 754, 2335, 562, 521, 5328, 19555, 1083, 285, 13, 5909, 352, 13, 2918, 352, 562, 281, 617, 15, 1500, 11898, 617, 1481, 15, 754, 2918, 352, 689, 281, 23085, 74, 15, 23085, 74, 2335, 247, 19555, 15, 24944, 16535, 3579, 281, 1708, 352, 13, 25661, 689, 611, 8432, 15, 187, 187, 3, 52, 1118, 1497, 1146, 253, 7583, 5859, 273, 634, 7021, 937, 753, 24944, 13, 346, 9903, 626, 368, 1089, 436, 12142, 271, 8120, 273, 1798, 1600, 13, 1176, 24830, 308, 12043, 729, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 13, 47422, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1909, 271, 5107, 281, 10018, 253, 5667, 4293, 307, 1430, 273, 1966, 3753, 15, 329, 7875, 323, 4606, 273, 1375, 310, 581, 273, 253, 17172, 25828, 273, 28473, 15, 733, 574, 1900, 644, 15237, 494, 281, 17129, 715, 253, 10362, 966, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 1364, 4456, 937, 753, 23085, 74, 13, 346, 783, 2675, 966, 281, 534, 253, 1436, 7514, 14125, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 25333, 1476, 753, 611, 8432, 15, 346, 3726, 1472, 275, 2389, 342, 1016, 643, 449, 187, 187, 3, 23337, 937, 753, 24944, 13, 346, 261, 417, 629, 273, 253, 11727, 273, 1176, 24830, 308, 12043, 729, 434, 7021, 15, 1680, 352, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 310, 247, 1953, 326, 556, 642, 1921, 281, 1600, 368, 937, 23085, 74, 9577, 15, 187, 187, 3, 15413, 79, 626, 352, 865, 24944, 2546, 7808, 13, 2819, 387, 779, 15, 346, 2773, 434, 752, 309, 1353, 2820, 281, 1089, 562, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2513, 352, 247, 1953, 326, 40878, 634, 964, 964, 964, 3762, 327, 253, 2256, 865, 23085, 74, 2546, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 15, 309, 1158, 352, 8525, 619, 3762, 15, 1422, 923, 13, 619, 3762, 310, 326, 2758, 273, 634, 7021, 452, 247, 14955, 281, 1659, 616, 5615, 21044, 1029, 1840, 616, 1211, 966, 449, 754, 369, 2819, 4951, 387, 23085, 74, 13, 533, 344, 8042, 19679, 13, 342, 521, 19555, 13, 387, 2398, 25059, 2439, 253, 2316, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2042, 597, 513, 937, 23085, 74, 9577, 7808, 13, 346, 9328, 1472, 417, 1900, 28008, 449, 754, 369, 2819, 4951, 387, 611, 8432, 13, 533, 344, 8042, 387, 9964, 15, 187, 187, 3, 9709, 25059, 4453, 5211, 937, 753, 611, 8432, 15, 346, 4967, 513, 368, 23381, 352, 13, 24944, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 23381, 253, 43837, 22797, 273, 3858, 26836, 24944, 3407, 15, 187, 187, 49407, 10002, 513, 417, 871, 253, 2701, 273, 247, 19429, 434, 3570, 937, 23085, 74, 6699, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 31586, 937, 753, 611, 8432, 13, 346, 664, 1472, 417, 1146, 9391, 386, 281, 964, 964, 964, 2398, 25059, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1353, 7016, 937, 344, 753, 44753, 15, 346, 42, 1353, 2119, 47422, 611, 19249, 561, 4742, 1912, 626, 23452, 1676, 479, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1053, 626, 937, 753, 24944, 15, 187, 187, 22795, 1758, 574, 21817, 17543, 327, 492, 698, 285, 27818, 3093, 27443, 729, 2682, 574, 6898, 731, 15, 1500, 4817, 731, 281, 253, 12958, 13, 18727, 39559, 387, 253, 3564, 326, 2335, 253, 17543, 28, 617, 8580, 369, 25036, 13, 38647, 28, 703, 369, 11561, 13, 534, 369, 11555, 323, 617, 15, 187, 187, 510, 492, 698, 497, 5766, 728, 34304, 28, 253, 12958, 2918, 253, 17543, 37774, 13, 34456, 314, 15, 9964, 9461, 285, 253, 502, 2569, 273, 15547, 6331, 2159, 275, 247, 30551, 10837, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3220, 11761, 3858, 937, 9964, 434, 4318, 369, 2590, 13, 31764, 342, 521, 5890, 383, 12407, 284, 6460, 13, 346, 42, 452, 642, 3000, 281, 6266, 619, 3676, 27579, 281 ]

with him?" "Do you mean Leo?" "Yes." "I hope you don't presume to dictate the friends with whom I may . . ." "Kira!" He was startled by the icy firmness of her voice; he was apologizing: "Kira, I'm sorry. Of course I didn't mean . . . Forgive me. I know I have no right to say . . . But you see, I've always disliked him." She smiled gaily, as if nothing had happened, and leaning into the shadow of the window niche, pressed his fingers swiftly. "Don't worry," she whispered and, moving away from him, turned, shaking her hair, throwing at him through the tousled locks a glance of such warm, sparkling understanding that he caught his breath, thrilled by the secret they were guarding together, among strangers, for the first time. Vasili Ivanovitch sat alone in a corner, under a lamp, and the light of a rose satin shade made his white hair pink. He looked at the shuffling feet, at the military boots of young Communists, at the blue fog of smoke streaks that billowed halfway up to the ceiling, in soft, round waves, like a heavy, transparent mixture boiling slowly, at a gold cross on a black velvet ribbon around Lydia's throat, a bright spark piercing the fog across the room. Kira approached and sat down beside him. He patted her hand, and said nothing, and knew that she knew. Then he said, as if she had followed his unspoken thoughts: ". . . I wouldn't mind so much if he loved her. But he doesn't. . . . Kira, you know, when he was a little boy with such big black eyes, I used to look at my customers, those ladies that were like paintings of empresses, and I wondered which one of them was the mother of the little beauty, growing up somewhere, who, some day, would be my daughter, too. . . . Have you met Marisha's parents, Kira?" Galina Petrovna had cornered Leo; she was saying enthusiastically: ". . . so glad you're successful, Leo. I've always said that a brilliant young man, like you, would have no trouble at all. That dress of Kira's is magnificent. I'm so happy to see what good care you take of my little girl. . . ." Victor sat on the arm of a chair occupied by red-headed Rita Eksler. He leaned close to her, holding his cigarette to light the one at her lips. Rita had just divorced her third husband; she narrowed her eyes under the long red bangs and whispered confidential advice. They were laughing softly. Marisha approached timidly and took Victor's hand with a clumsy movement of coquetry. He jerked his hand away; he said impatiently: "We can't neglect our guests, Marisha. Look, Comrade Sonia is alone. Go and talk to her." Marisha obeyed humbly. Rita's glance followed her through a jet of smoke; Rita pulled her short skirt up and crossed her long, thin legs. "Indeed," said Comrade Sonia coldly with an accent of final authority, "I cannot say that I congratulate you upon your choice, Comrade Lavrova. A true proletarian does not marry out of her class." "But, Comrade Sonia," Marisha protested, stupefied, "Victor is a Party member." "I've always said that the rules of Party admission were not sufficiently strict," said Comrade Sonia. Marisha wandered dejectedly through the crowd of guests. No one looked at her and she had nothing to say. She saw Vasili Ivanovitch alone by the buffet, lining up bottles and glasses. She approached him and smiled hesitantly. He looked at her, astonished. She said with determination, very quickly, bluntly, running her words together, blushing: "I know you don't like me, Vasili Ivanovitch. But, you see, I . . . I love him so much." Vasili Ivanovitch looked at her, then said: "It's very nice, child," his voice expressionless. Marisha's family sat in a dark corner, solemn, morose, uncomfortable. Her father--a stooped, gray-haired man in a worker's blouse and patched trousers--clasped long, calloused hands over his knee; his face, with a bitter slash of a mouth, leaned forward, his fierce, brilliant eyes studying the room fixedly; his eyes were dark and young on a withered face. His wife huddled timidly behind him, pallid and shapeless in a flowered calico dress, her face like a sandy shore washed by many rains into a dull, quiet gray. Marisha's young brother, a lanky boy of eight, stood holding onto his mother's skirt, throwing angry, suspicious glances at little Acia. Victor joined Pavel Syerov and a group of three men in leather jackets. He threw one arm around Syerov's shoulders and the other around those of the secretary of their Party Cell; he leaned on them both, intimately, confidentially, his dark eyes smiling. Comrade Sonia, approaching, heard him whisper: ". . . yes, I'm proud of my wife's family and their revolutionary record. Her father--you know--he was exiled to Siberia, under the Czar." Comrade Sonia remarked: "Comrade Dunaev is a very smart man." Neither Victor nor Syerov liked the tone of her voice. Syerov protested: "Victor's one of our best workers, Sonia." "I said Comrade Dunaev is very smart," she repeated, and added: "I wouldn't doubt his class loyalty. I'm sure he had nothing in common with patrician gentlemen such as that Citizen Kovalensky over there." Pavel Syerov looked fixedly at Leo's tall figure bending over Rita Eksler. He asked: "Say, Victor, that man's name--it's Lev Kovalensky, isn't it?" "Leo Kovalensky, yes. He's a very dear friend of my cousin's. Why?" "Oh, nothing. Nothing at all." Leo noticed Kira and Andrei sitting side by side on a window sill. He bowed to Rita, who shrugged impatiently, and walked toward them slowly. "Am I intruding?" he asked. "Not at all," said Kira. He sat down beside her. He took out his gold cigarette case and, opening it, held it out to her. She shook her head. He held it over to Andrei. Andrei took a cigarette. Leo bent forward to light it, leaning over Kira. "Sociology being the favorite science of your Party," said Leo, "don't you find this wedding an occasion of particular interest, Comrade Taganov?" "Why, Citizen Kovalensky?" "As an opportunity to observe the essential immutability of human nature. A marriage for reasons of state is one of the oldest customs of mankind. It had always been advisable to marry into the ruling class." "You must remember," said Andrei, "the social class to which the person concerned belongs." "Oh, nonsense!" said Kira. "They're in love with each other." "Love," said Leo, "is not part of the philosophy of Comrade Taganov's Party. Is it?" "It is a question that has no reason to interest you," Andrei answered. "Hasn't it?" Leo asked slowly, looking at him. "That's what I'm trying to find out." "Is it a question that contradicts your . . . theory on the subject?" Andrei asked. "No. I think it supports my theory. You see, my theory is that members of your Party have a tendency to place their sexual desires high above their own class." He was looking straight at Andrei, but he pointed lightly, with his cigarette, at Marisha across the room. "If they do," Andrei answered slowly, "they're not always unsuccessful." He was looking straight at Kira, but he pointed at Victor. "Marisha looks happy," said Kira. "Why do you resent it, Leo?" "I resent the arrogant presumption of friends--" Leo began. "--who do not know the limit of a friendship's rights," Andrei finished. "Andrei," said Kira, "we're not being gallant to . . . Marisha." "I'm sorry," he said hastily. "I'm sure Citizen Kovalensky won't misunderstand me." "I don't," said Leo. Irina had lined glasses on trays and Vasili Ivanovitch had filled them. She passed them to the guests, smiling vaguely at the hands that took the glasses; her smile was resigned, indifferent; she was silent, which was unusual for her. The trays were emptied swiftly; the guests held the glasses eagerly, impatiently. Victor rose and the clatter of voices stopped short in a solemn silence. "My dear friends," Victor's voice was clear, vibrant with his warmest persuasiveness, "I have no words to describe my deep gratitude to

[ 15486, 15, 50276, 5035, 253, 43512, 1873, 187, 4, 5939, 342, 436, 789, 323, 3081, 1491, 187, 4, 5001, 9451, 12851, 15, 50276, 510, 322, 6739, 23937, 436, 1873, 187, 4, 281, 368, 762, 253, 14325, 4637, 13, 11099, 374, 15, 17, 313, 783, 187, 4, 346, 17736, 3287, 368, 778, 417, 897, 436, 1873, 3707, 275, 10276, 187, 4, 342, 253, 4637, 15, 50276, 1394, 778, 4044, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 4637, 387, 187, 4, 187, 4, 50275, 2413, 1358, 2700, 15, 8418, 15, 2061, 16, 17130, 16, 17821, 14, 19, 15, 17, 187, 4, 187, 4, 15999, 2424, 407, 7763, 1569, 390, 5821, 281, 275, 4028, 13, 187, 4, 3694, 5939, 762, 253, 4637, 310, 5939, 327, 271, 187, 4, 346, 1719, 4110, 3, 23440, 13, 15002, 15466, 4145, 22998, 3481, 9103, 187, 4, 19329, 13, 2057, 3890, 390, 10466, 15, 50276, 5035, 253, 4637, 323, 253, 187, 4, 2173, 3448, 13200, 15607, 285, 7364, 187, 4, 762, 253, 4637, 15, 535, 187, 2437, 27319, 8880, 9, 6082, 2262, 535, 50274, 33959, 426, 470, 187, 50274, 46, 1838, 37, 1843, 426, 337, 187, 50274, 42147, 426, 374, 187, 23064, 882, 422, 1318, 273, 20204, 8188, 3756, 323, 5161, 15460, 18323, 273, 1327, 32557, 1245, 5988, 11843, 15, 187, 6067, 8103, 369, 281, 3653, 253, 15970, 1318, 273, 20204, 8188, 3756, 323, 1781, 5161, 313, 1047, 14, 45870, 10, 15460, 18323, 273, 1327, 32557, 1245, 5988, 11843, 15, 16244, 90, 14, 12496, 33537, 273, 11439, 5988, 11843, 20714, 29716, 13751, 15, 5587, 303, 561, 4645, 14086, 2144, 327, 20204, 8188, 3756, 497, 8131, 281, 320, 10401, 28, 13751, 4645, 10444, 14, 390, 1698, 14, 20425, 2144, 497, 8131, 281, 320, 27370, 74, 1530, 6932, 15, 5587, 38498, 42561, 285, 1872, 11036, 9522, 4342, 497, 9578, 323, 1016, 20204, 970, 12232, 36348, 281, 1616, 2060, 13751, 15, 4683, 253, 29716, 13751, 13, 30761, 313, 3121, 2673, 6221, 10401, 2144, 8612, 273, 253, 15411, 13, 342, 247, 2173, 6120, 6786, 323, 11487, 313, 1525, 2673, 273, 11439, 10429, 313, 3763, 21690, 13, 1384, 17566, 481, 4683, 253, 26675, 11999, 4508, 14086, 2144, 13, 30783, 313, 4739, 2673, 8058, 281, 320, 10401, 28, 1903, 313, 1093, 2673, 273, 9743, 13751, 4508, 760, 1698, 14, 20425, 2144, 8058, 281, 320, 10401, 15, 4683, 253, 2030, 313, 26, 2673, 273, 26675, 13751, 4508, 8188, 32414, 14086, 533, 27370, 74, 1530, 6932, 2144, 13, 1283, 313, 3547, 2673, 2692, 18560, 19990, 285, 574, 9829, 253, 15411, 28, 1458, 313, 3245, 2673, 273, 1283, 824, 13751, 497, 2797, 275, 14086, 39897, 46122, 15, 380, 2762, 15970, 1318, 273, 20204, 8188, 3756, 369, 2145, 313, 2313, 2673, 273, 2145, 275, 14126, 25960, 28, 10484, 313, 4196, 2673, 273, 5096, 275, 25960, 342, 8723, 17485, 5713, 6375, 1373, 792, 3603, 28, 11583, 313, 3953, 2673, 273, 10694, 275, 6895, 6679, 4087, 14086, 25960, 28, 285, 4791, 313, 1967, 2673, 273, 2456, 275, 25960, 342, 6685, 14086, 39897, 46122, 15, 4683, 253, 1668, 10429, 19958, 14166, 302, 514, 1037, 13, 20204, 8188, 3756, 6518, 2939, 253, 16273, 1974, 273, 3302, 10491, 275, 1264, 313, 746, 10970, 496, 2800, 313, 26, 2673, 273, 9934, 3347, 32414, 18107, 33537, 13, 760, 581, 390, 767, 13751, 812, 320, 2797, 28, 20204, 8188, 3756, 6518, 441, 3283, 1880, 2144, 369, 10599, 323, 6120, 15, 7754, 74, 3756, 273, 5161, 13751, 2797, 432, 1327, 32557, 1245, 5988, 11843, 13613, 12957, 253, 50172, 273, 10491, 5734, 253, 5988, 39897, 46122, 310, 6685, 14086, 15, 6102, 8993, 6803, 476, 1361, 5416, 10599, 2144, 432, 10429, 326, 403, 2834, 281, 18323, 285, 476, 7624, 3157, 253, 10401, 4917, 273, 1781, 5161, 15460, 5988, 18323, 15, 1394, 403, 1060, 187, 187, 53, 21728, 333, 9651, 281, 1294, 1257, 2745, 4330, 457, 84, 14645, 187, 187, 53, 21728, 333, 3228, 367, 11236, 9061, 403, 16472, 5839, 327, 253, 19796, 187, 26975, 273, 247, 655, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 5086, 1119, 275, 367, 1822, 76, 31927, 333, 13, 4033, 606, 333, 24380, 495, 13, 12636, 261, 333, 3228, 187, 16576, 818, 27, 361, 247, 15, 78, 15, 6926, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5487, 369, 1996, 3636, 407, 3513, 9061, 13, 2556, 281, 187, 15705, 28030, 2006, 251, 261, 11957, 2339, 13, 347, 27687, 6470, 25151, 10512, 904, 3692, 2133, 369, 1119, 275, 247, 187, 40298, 66, 45051, 275, 253, 2170, 2168, 275, 247, 1375, 273, 14717, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 12321, 247, 33178, 13908, 10785, 327, 521, 896, 15, 187, 187, 7130, 281, 521, 3101, 253, 5487, 369, 1390, 2326, 687, 6472, 275, 253, 6773, 2245, 767, 187, 11015, 1078, 521, 2133, 369, 1119, 15, 187, 187, 24195, 671, 5575, 326, 253, 5487, 574, 2045, 2219, 273, 19610, 275, 253, 187, 40579, 486, 285, 369, 3786, 31505, 272, 15465, 5929, 50, 27, 187, 187, 4045, 667, 17250, 251, 36775, 14693, 1581, 6278, 14, 8124, 9602, 342, 49183, 22881, 32, 187, 187, 3039, 581, 4648, 247, 17250, 251, 49183, 313, 37681, 14, 36, 10, 6568, 327, 271, 36775, 6568, 2133, 13, 253, 6568, 8356, 19413, 247, 346, 33321, 17177, 4438, 995, 970, 760, 253, 4055, 5110, 273, 253, 8468, 281, 3761, 253, 49183, 5981, 13, 347, 5544, 327, 17250, 251, 434, 4384, 2670, 15, 187, 510, 36775, 5981, 310, 11467, 5540, 6027, 1348, 2188, 13, 1223, 49183, 310, 2164, 6027, 1036, 2188, 13, 285, 352, 434, 436, 4577, 1979, 326, 49183, 17177, 4438, 4648, 15, 17766, 326, 253, 2159, 5024, 273, 253, 36775, 5981, 310, 4503, 281, 253, 1048, 5024, 273, 49183, 1905, 285, 273, 2282, 253, 2460, 9096, 310, 9670, 3790, 13, 417, 691, 5056, 15, 3166, 667, 17250, 251, 2120, 14, 6301, 14693, 1581, 247, 346, 15044, 49183, 3, 5981, 13, 2057, 2164, 6027, 1348, 2188, 313, 3113, 690, 1896, 362, 525, 33513, 275, 253, 9559, 18803, 10, 390, 5777, 3777, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 52, 8974, 5981, 310, 417, 4516, 13, 533, 608, 27, 21, 4809, 4313, 5907, 407, 399, 20, 13, 399, 20, 84, 13, 399, 10695, 285, 399, 10695, 38, 310, 760, 5777, 14200, 13, 1884, 2188, 15, 380, 5322, 2181, 310, 326, 253, 1859, 31732, 310, 44183, 34741, 13, 594, 368, 476, 38530, 342, 1175, 12320, 15, 831, 4809, 4313, 310, 417, 2530, 327, 247, 399, 14744, 390, 399, 20, 89, 15, 187, 42297, 13, 368, 812, 1900, 17177, 275, 1501, 15, 187, 4527, 2282, 13, 368, 1833, 671, 878, 281, 19495, 17252, 49183, 330, 1658, 15, 535, 510, 378, 314, 394, 14469, 187, 187, 21595, 2568, 38194, 13, 253, 378, 314, 394, 310, 13399, 26634, 504, 34598, 387, 697, 1682, 28, 4158, 281, 320, 33398, 533, 25040, 13, 4933, 368, 253, 18997, 273, 32196, 715, 3684, 88, 744, 3811, 15, 329, 12725, 2920, 1275, 4063, 1428, 2021, 1408, 8614, 816, 608, 2909, 2940, 432, 3684, 88, 744, 457, 84, 8530, 10688, 1020, 11600, 288, 14298, 390, 253, 3874, 9145, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 273, 776, 1249, 37445, 342, 546, 14, 42877, 8158, 390, 16846, 13, 452, 644, 13990, 5954, 49879, 1309, 247, 3332, 1275, 4063, 8922, 15, 1284, 247, 2021, 1408, 2136, 13, 359, 3959, 4116, 281, 2508, 275, 1046, 1039, 285, 12215, 368, 457, 620, 1089, 352, 1892, 281, 3553, 15, 22893, 8737, 187, 187, 49157, 968, 7703, 8085, 273, 1728, 14, 395, 14, 9511, 4632, 15, 16336, 373, 187, 187, 1615, 187, 26946, 23777, 356, 77, 2610, 187, 16, 22037, 15, 681, 187, 187, 52, 2925, 13045, 313, 26, 14, 1508, 14, 20, 10, 387, 11324, 54, 11965, 313, 1508, 14, 740, 14, 19, 10, 187, 187, 12101, 27, 7852, 40, 14, 35, 13, 427, 1410, 47, 187, 187, 8693, 884, 27, 28299, 577, 14, 21, 14, 19, 28, 9693, 818, 14, 20, 14, 17, 187, 187, 38547, 2962, 27, 380, 28299, 16336, 373, 16473, 253, 9693, 12810, 968, 577, 14, 19, 327, 8216, 846, 28417, 374, 14, 18, 3563, 275, 253, 1273, 2180, 15, 9693, 1912, 253, 806, 2165, 13, 671, 387, 28299, 13, 608, 14, 19, 327, 3821, 15, 3495, 13, 342, 767, 2626, 14, 17911, 7342, 432, 5684, 1342, 308, 410, 90, 611, 2371, 15, 187, 187, 5178, 2926, 27, 28299, 556, 1912, 767, 275, 247, 4194, 275, 7248, 323, 253, 806, 673, 436, 2952, 28, 352, 556, 417, 1912, 1264, 275, 247, 4194, 275, 667, 5133, 15, 4683, 253, 16336, 373, 8, 7457, 14896, 13, 1264, 403, 1411, 253, 12810, 968, 13, 8742, 9757, 20567, 285, 5003, 7924, 1608, 7969, 313, 17182, 394, 13, 7002, 285, 20117, 275, 253, 22037, 1462, 723, 2720, 281, 7814, 481, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1902, 544, 39392, 62, 281, 3164, 320, 247, 1652, 14004, 670, 253, 2957, 937, 16336, 373, 5684, 1342, 10035, 37247, 2183, 253, 2285, 4422, 15, 346, 42, 1158, 359, 1849, 1900, 4546, 731, 1892, 285, 352, 434, 1900, 644, 247, 1892, 14, 71, 1224, 2165, 15, 309, 1353, 417, 1512, 11926, 670, 2712, 15, 733, 434, 1900, 1805, 672, 368, 1472, 715, 253, 2165, 672, 952, 403, 16116, 368, 285, 368, 1472, 16116, 731, 896, 13, 285, 368, 1472, 715, 253, 20303, 275, 2914, 273, 253, 2036, 449, 187, 187, 25804, 1810, 1714, 27, 187, 187, 52, 357, 373, 27, 28299, 9288, 3579, 18077, 316, 473, 4698, 275, 247, 5454, 8216, 285, 588, 1691, 779, 281, 789, 7814, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 1833, 1379, 247, 6308, 275, 253, 25775, 937, 26964, 8690, 17446, 46831, 753, 6794, 13, 2556, 281, 253, 28299, 6317, 15, 346, 42, 1353, 417, 2233, 2558, 2119, 4555, 835, 359, 1833, 1691, 779, 2568, 533, 344, 1833, 1132, 10873, 2360, 449, 187, 187, 510, 16336, 373, 403, 2159, 247, 3579, 846, 48545, 28940, 72, 1665, 12321, 247, 20051, 4975, 14589, 247, 5103, 407, 611, 2371, 275, 253, 806, 2180, 8216, 15, 46831, 753, 28940, 72, 1665, 651, 320, 562, 346, 28489, 247, 2129, 390, 767, 390, 1264, 15, 309, 1353, 417, 2119, 449, 187, 187, 48, 4698, 13, 3436, 13, 4546, 581, 2165, 436, 2952, 323, 253, 45053, 17226, 398, 13, 665, 2959, 247, 17697, 15515, 14, 4650, 7482, 2619, 275, 1091, 15, 754, 369, 7002, 275, 253, 2448, 31328, 6884, 342, 3285, 2792, 275, 3285, 3958, 323, 17360, 3228, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 434, 2970, 3965, 2810, 937, 8690, 39107, 9218, 1914, 2183, 253, 9693, 31566, 846, 3946, 6794, 15, 346, 23918, 27459, 352, 434, 247, 2647, 273, 2165, 14, 936, 14, 13197, 987, 1024, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 871, 2568, 544, 10383, 253, 2165, 7814, 1092, 533, 309, 5082, 626, 3630, 779, 745, 449, 187, 187, 11773, 3864, 13774, 11210, 626, 4546, 436, 1770, 984, 273, 247, 2406, 14, 2915, 4975, 2361, 281, 320, 247, 7753, 249, 3785, 13, 5816, 4314, 3958, 313, 22, 14, 20, 14, 17, 481, 380, 12810, 968, 812, 3343, 1919, 846, 253, 1264, 14, 1201, 9449, 2740, 281, 1918, 779, 247, 1652, 625, 7355, 673, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 3524, 326, 434, 417, 253, 1083, 937, 3044, 3864, 13774, 2183, 253, 31566, 15, 346, 42, 971, 281, 320, 896, 4882, 347, 3517, 347, 309, 476, 15, 309, 7964, 1053, 626, 971, 281, 320, 1469, 949, 326, 5880, 273, 3551, 896, 247, 1652, 2372, 1512, 3517, 544, 395, 2970, 8513, 969, 1570, 1292, 672, 309, 1353, 4704, 13, 309, 1833, 320, 4704, 15, 33581, 326, 434, 19473, 2581, 685, 1996, 449, 187, 187, 7883, 434, 3511, 27, 380, 16336, 373, 452, 5339, 1638, 22414, 275, 247, 4194, 28, 597, 6468, 626, 4136, 247, 1612, 14, 1993, 4736, 1580, 7659, 15, 608, 15, 25956, 14468, 33149, 556, 1264, 273, 521, 2952, 434, 2800, 2792, 275, 253, 2469, 767, 3958, 15, 25956, 30864, 42936, 556, 1264, 2792, 275, 1740, 3958, 13, 1690, 521, 806, 4736, 1580, 10733, 15, 608, 15, 14971, 1342, 6416, 37646, 2859, 567, 556, 2620, 2792, 275, 253, 2469, 2800, 15, 8139, 12810, 968, 3579, 13105, 3919, 395, 574, 767, 7342, 8216, 13, 285, 5684, 1342, 1503, 3354, 80, 3976, 66, 574, 767, 327, 7948, 15, 25956, 5119, 23900, 75, 5297, 556, 1903, 2792, 275, 521, 2469, 884, 3958, 15, 187, 187, 18281, 436, 4672, 187, 187, 510, 22037, 4648, 14268, 13, 4384, 320, 317, 790, 13, 285, 643, 2074, 10296, 15, 2896, 970, 22037, 14248, 390, 643, 3909, 3238, 13, 368, 7578, 281, 253, 8333, 2529, 275, 776, 24471, 11981, 285, 26746, 273, 6631, 13, 1690, 776, 49391, 11981, 15, 688, 6820, 530, 57, 27560, 386, 708, 18805, 10396, 382 ]

agreements. See the NOTICE file # distributed with this work for additional information # regarding copyright ownership. The SFC licenses this file # to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the # "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance # with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, # software distributed under the License is distributed on an # "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY # KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the # specific language governing permissions and limitations # under the License. class MouseButton(object): LEFT = 0 MIDDLE = 1 RIGHT = 2 Predictive value of specimen radiography for core needle biopsy of noncalcified breast masses. Our objective was to determine the predictive value of specimen radiography for large core (14-gauge) needle biopsy of noncalcified breast masses. Eighty-four biopsies of 83 breast masses yielded 403 specimens. Specimens showing dense material on specimen radiography were predicted to be diagnostic; specimens showing intermediate- or low-density material were predicted to be nondiagnostic. Specimen radiographic and histopathologic findings were correlated for each specimen using vital dyes to mark individual specimens. Of the 403 specimens, 307 (76%) contained diagnostic material representative of the lesion, with a specific diagnosis achieved for 82 (99%) of 83 lesions (62 benign, 20 malignant). Of the 293 passes containing dense material, 268 (91%) proved to be diagnostic; 11 (18%) of 62 specimens containing only low-density material proved to be diagnostic. Of the 25 (9%) of 293 specimens containing radiographically dense but nondiagnostic material, 18 (72%) showed focal fibrosis and had missed the lesion; 15 (83%) of 18 such specimens were obtained in dense parenchyma. The positive predictive value of specimen radiography was 13 (100%) of 13 in fatty breasts; 77 (96%) of 80 in breasts with minimal scattered fibroglandular elements; 91 (94%) of 97 in heterogeneously dense breasts; and 35 (70%) of 50 in breasts with extremely dense parenchyma. Of the 16 lesions sampled stereotactically, specimen radiography helped assess the inadequacy of initial sampling in three (19%). In six (9%) of 68 sonographically guided biopsies, only one or two specimens could be obtained; specimen radiography helped us predict whether material was adequate for diagnosis. Radiography of core specimens obtained from noncalcified breast masses accurately reveals the adequacy of sampling unless the breast parenchyma is extremely dense. Such immediate assessment can help ensure adequate material from lesions that are difficult to biopsy and can thereby improve the diagnostic yield of large core needle breast biopsy.You are here Talisay Police to Probe Teener’s Death Talisay City PNP authorities are conducting investigation on the mysterious death of a 19-year-old male found in Purok Sigay, Barangay Zone 3, Talisay City around 7:00 a.m. Sunday. The victim was later identified by police authorities, according to Superintendent Adonis Rosales, as Orlando Salazar Jr., whose body was found in a nipa plantation in the area already in a state of decomposition. He sustained a lone hack wound on his back. According to his mother the victim was last seen roaming in the fish port two days before his body was found. Police also alleged that the victim had previous cases of theft in the village and was previously sniffing solvent.*Q: Do any Nikon FX cameras allow square-format shooting with DX lenses? When one uses a Nikon DX (APS-C) camera on an FX camera body, the camera automatically enters a "DX crop mode", using only the center portion of the sensor to match the DX format, as explained on Nikon's web site. The FX format is roughly 36×24mm, while DX is 24×16mm, and it's this smaller size that DX crop mode uses. Notice that the short edge of the FX format is equal to the long edge of DX — and of course the image circle is perfectly round, not oblong. Do any Nikon full-frame cameras allow a "square DX" format, either 24×24mm (with some possible vignetting in the extreme corners) or slightly reduced? A: Square format is not supported, but 5:4 aspect ratio offered by D3, D3s, D800 and D800E is only slightly wider, 30mm. The nice thing is that the viewfinder is electronically masked, so you can compose with good precision. This aspect ratio is not provided on a D700 or D3x. Alternatively, you could always crop in post. Of course, you'll also need to disable Auto DX Crop. The Blyth Hotel Simple yet stylish, the Blyth is contemporary seaside hospitality at its best; designed to be welcoming but informal, giving you the luxury of relaxing into Southwold living. A delightfully refurbished family run hotel just 5 minutes walk from Southwold’s famous colourful beach huts or the town centre. All of our 12 bedrooms with en-suite bath or shower, have been elegantly styled during a recent refurbishment. As a family run business, we offer attention to detail in every way and guarantee you’ll find it hard to leave.Headlines Bruins seek split of home-and-home vs. Sabres by Mike Battaglino / NHL.com SABRES (9-23-3) at BRUINS (23-10-2) TV: MSG-B, NESN Last 10: Buffalo 4-4-2; Boston 7-3-0 Season series: The Buffalo Sabres defeated the Boston Bruins 4-2 on Thursday after trailing 2-1 late in the second period. Boston won the first game, also at Buffalo, 5-2 on Oct. 23, with two third-period goals from defenseman Torey Krug. Big story: Buffalo has won two in a row in regulation for the first time this season; it has not won three in a row in any manner. Of the Sabres' nine wins, three are against the Bruins, Los Angeles Kings and San Jose Sharks (sixth, fourth and seventh in the NHL standings prior to Saturday). "I expect [Boston] to probably be a little upset about the loss," Sabres defenseman Mike Weber told the team website. "I think we've always played them hard and it's always been a hard-fought game. I'm not too worried about anything. It's always better when you're into the game when people are hitting you and you're hitting them back, and you're into the battles in front of the net." Team Scope: Sabres: Buffalo acquired forward Linus Omark in a trade Thursday and will put him to work Saturday. "He'll take a spot in the lineup," interim coach Ted Nolan said Friday, according to the Buffalo News. "I'm not 100 percent sure exactly where we'll put him yet but he'll play tomorrow night." The Sabres are short a forward after Cody Hodgson sustained a wrist injury blocking a shot by Krug in the first period Thursday. Nolan said Hodgson would be out "maybe a week or two or three. I'm not sure." Omark, 26, played one game this season for the Edmonton Oilers, who received a conditional sixth-round draft pick in return. He was fourth in the American Hockey League with 29 points in 29 games for Oklahoma City. "He's getting pretty close," coach Claude Julien told the Boston Herald after practice Friday. "Honestly it's a matter of game-to-game right now. I don't know yet [about the game Saturday], but I wouldn't write him off." McQuaid hasn't played this month because of a lower-body injury reported to be a groin pull, missing eight games (5-3-0). The Bruins could wait until after the three-day Christmas break to give him a little more recovery time. "I hope that's not the case," McQuaid told the Herald. "I want to be back playing as soon as I can. I definitely don't want to be going through that cycle of coming back a little bit too soon [and getting hurt again]. But when I'm ready, I'll be ready. Hopefully that's sooner rather than later." Who's hot: The Sabres have killed 14 penalties in a row; they haven't allowed a power-play goal since Dec. 5. Forward Brian Flynn has three of his season's six points in the past two games. Forward Drew Stafford has three points in four games, including his first goal since Nov. 5. Defenseman Christian Ehrhoff has five points in the past six. … Bruins forward Brad Marchand had two goals Thursday, and defenseman Zdeno Chara had two on Tuesday. Forward David Krejci has 11 points in his past 10 games. Share this!! The NHL uses cookies, web beacons, and other similar technologies. By using NHL websites or other online services, you consent to the practices described in our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service, including our Cookie Policy.Independent UX Consultant & Mobile Specialist

[ 996, 186, 3474, 23434, 426, 2634, 8626, 4507, 10990, 22215, 94, 964, 2163, 15861, 14, 20511, 964, 1374, 14, 8737, 65, 28, 996, 186, 2309, 436, 15, 3211, 15, 14061, 2214, 4312, 8590, 9, 28192, 13, 17011, 13, 260, 3001, 2997, 9, 68, 15, 13481, 9, 6602, 86, 361, 66, 17, 16, 72, 13, 686, 686, 23090, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 3343, 2214, 11063, 3487, 29617, 9, 49832, 22215, 27, 2876, 13, 2505, 27, 2876, 2262, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 3474, 23434, 426, 2634, 8626, 4507, 10990, 22215, 94, 964, 49832, 7224, 49832, 22215, 94, 65, 28, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 3211, 15, 14061, 2214, 4312, 8590, 9, 28192, 13, 2505, 558, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 5669, 8497, 3305, 10772, 9, 11258, 27, 686, 49832, 8, 1040, 686, 3211, 46976, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 11258, 11013, 686, 49832, 3401, 551, 988, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 14447, 11063, 3487, 10772, 30003, 5137, 996, 186, 94, 2010, 551, 988, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 14447, 6124, 10772, 30003, 5137, 996, 186, 94, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 11352, 16754, 10772, 14850, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 16435, 5137, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 2770, 688, 10772, 11021, 14850, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 16651, 688, 11021, 5137, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 3211, 15, 14061, 2214, 16754, 7050, 2073, 7585, 1374, 13, 964, 7585, 1374, 5137, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 2770, 5677, 10772, 11021, 14850, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 16651, 5677, 11021, 5137, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 13194, 16754, 10772, 14850, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 32600, 11501, 15, 6321, 12094, 2073, 1439, 20328, 15, 3992, 15, 21599, 5137, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 27216, 13194, 10772, 9019, 9, 28192, 27, 2876, 2262, 32949, 29, 4353, 31, 551, 996, 186, 1403, 1942, 436, 15, 3211, 15, 14061, 1898, 7146, 9, 28192, 558, 187, 186, 94, 187, 94, 187, 6601, 36484, 3656, 21680, 187, 187, 3039, 253, 41153, 310, 987, 13, 2717, 327, 6149, 812, 3523, 247, 919, 1592, 432, 49337, 15, 733, 457, 84, 2032, 752, 597, 1333, 27, 253, 12927, 310, 253, 1659, 835, 8290, 2489, 1821, 285, 1821, 2489, 8290, 1108, 969, 15, 733, 1900, 7024, 327, 10212, 1051, 187, 187, 325, 241, 6601, 36484, 3656, 21680, 1628, 3936, 441, 327, 247, 9455, 281, 253, 1682, 20183, 13977, 512, 1475, 253, 1533, 27, 353, 1952, 74, 13, 24084, 13, 1457, 12123, 13, 48253, 1403, 4631, 18708, 13, 23340, 285, 6976, 15, 5721, 39643, 27, 1219, 28700, 35368, 13, 12429, 3189, 6836, 13, 41903, 4033, 1063, 13, 2516, 2516, 27741, 13, 26953, 10374, 1406, 615, 13, 1605, 463, 473, 8, 31116, 285, 7608, 5292, 3189, 2131, 15, 2948, 551, 348, 1278, 23779, 94, 432, 33378, 348, 1278, 6155, 5618, 187, 187, 3122, 1578, 41857, 14, 25902, 642, 14, 22452, 1738, 187, 187, 22452, 15, 2808, 9, 348, 1278, 23779, 2073, 33768, 622, 275, 1474, 4438, 1051, 26811, 187, 605, 187, 605, 50276, 42556, 15, 73, 187, 605, 50276, 16812, 1255, 187, 605, 187, 605, 50276, 32331, 407, 6911, 28940, 6058, 327, 14805, 16, 520, 16, 805, 15, 535, 187, 4, 26579, 2378, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 5620, 491, 16, 3129, 16, 55, 2399, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 2437, 19121, 187, 92, 187, 50276, 4387, 27, 187, 186, 42556, 1874, 187, 186, 42556, 9, 1030, 16399, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 708, 4528, 84, 13, 7301, 310, 20431, 2374, 13, 7301, 310, 48062, 414, 2374, 5349, 187, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 4478, 1874, 187, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 11183, 4769, 1874, 187, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 11183, 1874, 187, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 6553, 1874, 22417, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 1178, 37, 14381, 9, 1030, 16399, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 708, 4528, 84, 48946, 278, 37, 14381, 426, 3317, 84, 28, 7734, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 37, 14381, 14574, 1091, 278, 37, 14381, 28, 7734, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 47495, 27681, 4837, 13839, 1874, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 9873, 1216, 27681, 4837, 13839, 1874, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 9873, 1216, 6623, 1887, 13839, 1874, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 6623, 1887, 13019, 1874, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 27681, 4837, 13019, 1874, 22417, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 18570, 4769, 22495, 9, 8253, 717, 85, 5349, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 4769, 6052, 1874, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 4769, 3442, 1874, 187, 186, 10975, 186, 186, 788, 44249, 1874, 22417, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 23112, 20431, 14574, 186, 186, 78, 2513, 20431, 2374, 426, 2195, 78, 2513, 20431, 2374, 28, 186, 186, 4718, 187, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 20431, 14574, 623, 186, 2309, 278, 20431, 28, 5879, 186, 4718, 187, 186, 10975, 186, 186, 261, 20431, 2374, 14574, 186, 186, 2309, 278, 2513, 20431, 2374, 28, 15540, 186, 4718, 22417, 186, 9599, 186, 186, 788, 19258, 20431, 1874, 22417, 186, 4353, 186, 186, 23112, 48062, 414, 14574, 186, 78, 2513, 48062, 414, 2374, 426, 2195, 78, 2513, 48062, 414, 2374, 28, 186, 4718, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 788, 48062, 414, 14574, 186, 186, 2309, 278, 48062, 414, 28, 15540, 186, 4718, 187, 186, 10975, 186, 186, 261, 48062, 414, 2374, 14574, 186, 186, 2309, 278, 2513, 48062, 414, 2374, 28, 623, 186, 4718, 22417, 186, 5297, 1450, 3129, 1450, 55, 2399, 33914, 36436, 2399, 28, 22417, 186, 605, 25329, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 4769, 28, 15540, 186, 605, 6865, 38667, 275, 1524, 1533, 7253, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 4769, 8677, 13395, 28, 186, 186, 605, 6865, 38667, 275, 9864, 7253, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 4769, 22495, 28, 623, 186, 605, 24090, 387, 534, 673, 11999, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 4769, 38275, 264, 28, 186, 186, 605, 3052, 702, 273, 673, 4817, 875, 1390, 3665, 285, 1655, 3665, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 28517, 28, 15540, 186, 605, 329, 14932, 1076, 4828, 323, 8925, 604, 247, 308, 781, 556, 1609, 1520, 187, 186, 10975, 623, 186, 78, 44249, 28, 15540, 186, 605, 308, 781, 313, 10573, 3213, 10, 323, 30444, 13358, 3394, 22417, 186, 605, 399, 2894, 18041, 21109, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 186, 78, 37, 14381, 28, 15540, 186, 605, 388, 265, 262, 386, 281, 41838, 436, 281, 686, 35800, 5983, 35284, 1056, 352, 1512, 3477, 281, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 186, 78, 37, 14381, 22482, 28, 623, 186, 605, 40678, 342, 278, 42556, 39, 2399, 15, 788, 32501, 1082, 534, 651, 1091, 253, 401, 2399, 14564, 15, 22417, 186, 605, 367, 27306, 187, 186, 10975, 623, 186, 78, 2513, 20431, 2374, 28, 623, 186, 605, 8916, 13794, 432, 470, 15, 17, 281, 337, 15, 17, 15, 187, 186, 9599, 623, 186, 78, 20431, 28, 22417, 186, 605, 443, 5214, 55, 7400, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 186, 78, 48062, 414, 28, 623, 186, 605, 29130, 414, 4972, 187, 186, 5297, 1450, 29113, 20, 71, 186, 186, 78, 9671, 48062, 414, 28, 186, 605, 380, 4284, 29130, 414, 4972, 13, 275, 1083, 368, 971, 281, 4840, 342, 12926, 33213, 186, 605, 533, 1900, 320, 2104, 281, 755, 896, 281, 253, 3236, 1617, 15, 187, 186, 10975, 623, 186, 78, 2513, 48062, 414, 2374, 28, 186, 186, 605, 1198, 8577, 29130, 414, 327, 285, 745, 187, 4718, 22292, 20508, 29862, 30315, 15147, 44576, 1152, 49323, 8277, 1640, 9689, 21602, 22310, 35474, 29690, 17008, 45396, 15780, 15712, 4169, 34217, 18341, 38660, 1152, 38077, 6099, 8134, 8496, 13, 18716, 4407, 4189, 9247, 1207, 29280, 15647, 16798, 3504, 33306, 39435, 6715, 5790, 21475, 21615, 7869, 9925, 9689, 1697, 16205, 10453, 12007, 18651, 3415, 29685, 1389, 13, 18651, 1640, 12559, 32195, 5126, 4141, 12880, 10453, 41601, 6099, 3721, 11409, 5126, 21537, 9082, 21602, 22744, 45485, 6564, 10961, 19245, 10324, 1697, 5790, 15, 32757, 9640, 25043, 6564, 6754, 41627, 4189, 9247, 1068, 8713, 31818, 7620, 12587, 12880, 24310, 11770, 11954, 5822, 6564, 8117, 14742, 1068, 15095, 8277, 1068, 35712, 13192, 10161, 8804, 1152, 13, 32554, 14987, 27123, 5822, 5031, 10161, 10743, 8277, 5126, 3504, 4189, 15780, 4169, 8355, 19113, 10961, 46360, 20508, 5790, 43437, 13, 5822, 22744, 9160, 30499, 15780, 4189, 12444, 45476, 36922, 1389, 13192, 3415, 11995, 35411, 11770, 4183, 24368, 7508, 4169, 30315, 1389, 7539, 3504, 10411, 8961, 1152, 25235, 33306, 1367, 4435, 7508, 6099, 17008, 20410, 5129, 3721, 1207, 5822, 28695, 1068, 1389, 8277, 4141, 38749, 17008, 30315, 33576, 3776, 5790, 8804, 2964, 13, 22744, 5822, 29929, 3415, 27404, 47682, 4407, 47046, 10077, 2964, 4407, 1640, 12500, 6754, 1389, 8204, 15, 140, 109, 17008, 4418, 7065, 29366, 1207, 40042, 31220, 1367, 18778, 5822, 13709, 38749, 10530, 24860, 8355, 13, 12880, 6099, 11954, 24368, 8117, 11770, 4183, 24368, 7508, 4169, 18716, 32554, 44562, 12444, 5126, 41627, 15, 31989, 31784, 8117, 13, 18716, 27854, 7486, 19745, 1068, 6099, 4435, 7029, 10514, 29862, 43084, 8204, 3721, 4189, 31682, 23468, 8204, 7486, 16423, 3415, 30338, 4169, 25043, 30954, 8355, 9514, 18584, 40439, 8134, 29366, 28500, 5790, 15, 25077, 1068, 4407, 20508, 4169, 8277, 12007, 40042, 31220, 43811, 16779, 7762, 5160, 11770, 3415, 7508, 26610, 15780, 12587, 11770, 39656, 38940, 44909, 26546, 4183, 15147, 25510, 9925, 41505, 1152, 4189, 8277, 24860, 36922, 25705, 49349, 10077, 13, 34155, 36434, 4189, 9689, 3415, 15712, 15780, 12587, 7486, 5790, 8804, 21030, 43694, 8277, 24860, 1152, 8713, 31818, 15647, 15, 22310, 13192, 10161, 3504, 11514, 12500, 1389, 13192, 3415, 11995, 35411, 47270, 9160, 15712, 10453, 11995, 8117, 8277, 32520, 13, 25043, 38940, 44909, 7486, 7869, 16423, 28167, 6564, 14706, 5129, 15290, 4407, 36547, 1640, 8496, 19833, 6099, 44949, 27404, 5790, 13, 9514, 11378, 7762, 4189, 9247, 1152, 23358, 11378, 18651, 1640, 12559, 32195, 5126, 4141, 18330, 25089, 29220, 18651, 13396, 39286, 4141, 4189, 18341, 7029, 35883, 12007, 21534, 38660, 4141, 5822, 25043, 4189, 46645, 2964, 25705, 1207, 23358, 36593, 20488, 5129, 4183, 10961, 22190, 1152, 4407, 7029, 1674, 10743, 6099, 8134, 8496, 13, 18716, 27854, 6099, 3721, 11409, 5126, 21537, 9082, 13080, 22744, 10411, 8961, 1152, 6564, 10961, 19245, 10324, 1697, 5790, 15, 22292, 10453, 10161, 1207, 22744, 5822, 43043, 49853, 9689, 7486, 17307, 5160, 12562, 1697, 7508, 4169, 12587, 6467, 30315, 12500, 7539, 3504, 10411, 8961, 11409, 6234, 3776, 12444, 11378, 39656, 15, 21615, 1674, 1207, 6099, 14171, 7486, 12500, 7029, 8355, 36547, 27328, 25510, 5160, 7029, 1152, 1905, 6099, 3721, 7869, 1068, 8277, 7508, 16798, 4407, 6564, 1389, 11409, 7508, 1697, 1207, 5822, 18330, 41601, 25705, 1207, 4407, 20488, 1674, 12562, 2964, 15, 22310, 19745, 1068, 24248, 19833, 6467, 40412, 1640, 10743, 13, 3776, 31318, 1152, 5822, 8277, 7508, 8117, 36593, 13, 18716, 4189, 46645, 2964, 19113, 43965, 15780, 1068, 8277, 5126, 3504, 15095, 8787, 46077, 21030, 4407, 7029, 1674, 1389, 8204, 6099, 6564, 10961, 19245, 10324, 16798, 6715, 15, 25077, 1152, 4418, 14742, 1068, 18706, 46070, 15095, 4435, 7508, 11378, 4183, 1068, 4407, 24368, 11647, 25332, 10514, 4141, 6467, 10161, 1697, 19245, 24215, 1905, 27854, 13709, 30594, 25510, 25994, 1367, 47659, 11954, 25809, 7508, 13, 18716, 4407, 5822, 6715, 4189, 19745, 10324, 4407, 31818, 7620, 25043, 12007, 32554, 8277, 7508, 8117, 3415, 15, 25518, 31318, 41601, 7539, 3504, 45485, 6234, 6099, 3721, 11995, 8117, 17307, 4169, 9160, 1152, 10453, 7869, 12562, 4141, 5160, 1389, 5822, 30954, 8355, 23358, 36428, 11770, 4183, 24368, 7508, 4169, 13, 18716, 6099, 14171, 26072, 38084, 4407, 1640, 22190, 34491, 15, 21146, 1697, 18565, 10077, 4407, 6467, 22079, 5129, 8496, 13, 8713, 31818, 15780, 15712, 4169, 4418, 14742, 32255, 49853, 20508, 4169, 8277, 9247, 3721, 15147, 3776, 31318, 1152, 4189, 13192, 25089, 2964, 11378, 1697, 33036, 36922, 8277, 7508, 8117, 3415, 8496, 15, 21615, 18651, 11514, 10077, 17008, 20410, 5129, 21475, 8134, 41601, 6564, 12444, 10324, 15780, 1152, 8793, 27404, 16205, 15647, 5822, 12880, 6564 ]

[ 2965, 275, 2389, 13, 564, 281, 253, 9002, 3423, 21984, 3345, 8068, 285, 403, 7416, 407, 24958, 457, 84, 3101, 13, 12605, 22876, 411, 2050, 5292, 1425, 10137, 15, 411, 2050, 5292, 457, 84, 1894, 310, 924, 18050, 1070, 715, 247, 6069, 14, 9177, 4444, 285, 5339, 407, 401, 15, 35, 15, 42, 15, 6083, 1078, 253, 7484, 310, 4950, 281, 452, 644, 773, 266, 21184, 16879, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 8302, 457, 643, 1984, 13, 443, 23819, 7088, 1157, 313, 42889, 18879, 16631, 443, 23819, 12062, 310, 247, 32390, 670, 253, 313, 1212, 18286, 6832, 10, 2408, 273, 673, 344, 5262, 275, 10664, 429, 14, 35769, 12473, 1309, 253, 3925, 457, 84, 342, 247, 3416, 344, 3916, 369, 253, 3236, 15241, 466, 15, 187, 187, 13804, 468, 44704, 41486, 8121, 10213, 9730, 4584, 4817, 327, 22042, 267, 12664, 423, 342, 247, 1048, 3877, 7579, 272, 327, 253, 773, 5375, 24828, 9386, 668, 5017, 4768, 253, 7714, 15, 2305, 15, 9730, 4584, 457, 84, 4468, 369, 253, 773, 554, 261, 23329, 1255, 534, 5621, 253, 1984, 281, 10725, 327, 697, 3839, 14173, 567, 3022, 544, 256, 280, 5032, 3753, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 8302, 457, 1904, 457, 85, 1379, 352, 973, 27, 773, 24723, 5682, 27, 309, 1694, 634, 3877, 15, 380, 760, 4243, 309, 7192, 497, 253, 4243, 670, 849, 9386, 352, 369, 15, 1422, 3663, 479, 672, 368, 574, 281, 17942, 281, 16248, 24455, 27723, 249, 29392, 342, 749, 16807, 8091, 3762, 275, 1340, 281, 5513, 2139, 368, 457, 250, 417, 1469, 281, 15452, 253, 3347, 273, 247, 23331, 15, 18975, 401, 1886, 292, 29983, 5408, 264, 619, 718, 1512, 13, 533, 342, 15455, 1679, 3098, 316, 6460, 1425, 187, 187, 8665, 20841, 273, 2305, 15, 8302, 457, 34989, 452, 644, 15455, 1679, 31905, 15, 14698, 708, 3697, 8976, 8121, 19980, 309, 735, 4159, 27, 773, 3220, 767, 23903, 27, 755, 271, 5570, 1425, 2635, 13, 773, 7883, 403, 368, 32, 1422, 1364, 320, 247, 6581, 15, 309, 457, 78, 37193, 634, 806, 4579, 15, 15108, 1419, 4834, 390, 281, 7085, 342, 634, 29296, 1425, 187, 187, 2214, 1110, 6110, 275, 253, 3426, 5406, 13, 2305, 15, 309, 735, 457, 299, 14, 5719, 285, 253, 2862, 17668, 310, 3863, 327, 17814, 10002, 1279, 531, 15, 681, 15, 187, 187, 9917, 417, 41024, 310, 11116, 1503, 471, 13, 665, 6613, 253, 1503, 471, 6487, 3690, 15, 2305, 15, 8302, 753, 407, 4481, 326, 2305, 15, 1503, 471, 369, 253, 760, 1436, 281, 8069, 3657, 779, 432, 970, 521, 1491, 13, 285, 1925, 2305, 15, 1503, 471, 773, 66, 2500, 254, 4789, 1652, 5570, 665, 11532, 344, 556, 690, 2238, 273, 3570, 281, 521, 1211, 2953, 285, 4481, 1180, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 1503, 471, 10974, 13, 773, 42, 1158, 2305, 15, 8302, 457, 19101, 3984, 323, 3746, 1806, 6240, 326, 773, 7710, 15, 8302, 1620, 9521, 9214, 281, 2486, 479, 275, 521, 7066, 2670, 15, 2091, 309, 6888, 326, 344, 574, 13, 309, 9521, 326, 344, 5386, 1491, 326, 344, 574, 3863, 13, 1690, 299, 14, 5719, 17668, 285, 619, 1480, 299, 14, 5719, 2953, 13, 534, 344, 760, 858, 846, 7418, 14672, 8139, 15, 309, 513, 417, 2868, 2305, 15, 8302, 310, 5277, 247, 2579, 281, 4477, 390, 3780, 2010, 275, 253, 18051, 4491, 13, 285, 627, 403, 1199, 1805, 5300, 562, 627, 275, 253, 27769, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 8302, 816, 2506, 457, 85, 755, 2139, 521, 5017, 11210, 457, 85, 1119, 247, 1728, 1223, 643, 5098, 1790, 327, 1682, 14, 84, 7707, 391, 7305, 275, 28852, 708, 40435, 15, 773, 42, 457, 306, 1239, 247, 2257, 273, 5098, 326, 9106, 2534, 22210, 479, 949, 253, 10699, 275, 2426, 273, 667, 2238, 273, 11072, 390, 1445, 390, 2288, 2322, 390, 5083, 1806, 344, 753, 15, 187, 187, 14, 1785, 27407, 6572, 2131, 187, 187, 6104, 2663, 437, 457, 84, 48582, 21591, 187, 187, 510, 370, 9519, 13, 933, 4030, 326, 418, 11203, 620, 2101, 2663, 437, 556, 644, 6960, 281, 2075, 253, 10381, 5519, 778, 320, 253, 6253, 275, 253, 2285, 457, 84, 2892, 13, 533, 1014, 342, 521, 13394, 13, 344, 10095, 457, 85, 2740, 247, 17052, 3551, 598, 342, 253, 17652, 15, 1422, 923, 13, 2305, 15, 2101, 2663, 437, 457, 84, 9530, 391, 14381, 403, 3511, 13, 3511, 13, 3511, 15, 187, 187, 37198, 253, 673, 273, 521, 1390, 13394, 14, 3529, 651, 320, 253, 8210, 14, 4185, 2952, 13, 672, 344, 17324, 3663, 370, 23, 15, 21, 3041, 275, 16268, 323, 448, 6856, 15790, 2418, 46191, 8690, 367, 15, 43, 15, 2639, 868, 17622, 14, 7710, 15, 2101, 2663, 437, 5485, 2101, 2663, 437, 34031, 13, 247, 1029, 14, 24159, 6753, 14, 10773, 2370, 4657, 275, 5003, 27581, 13, 34280, 904, 326, 773, 3431, 42241, 689, 247, 3041, 8918, 275, 921, 4461, 19543, 1806, 2556, 281, 697, 7066, 2670, 15, 187, 187, 1898, 581, 273, 1110, 3580, 13, 3826, 249, 13274, 1241, 14, 85, 603, 391, 14381, 10480, 264, 598, 342, 247, 17387, 14170, 326, 7788, 24428, 846, 253, 1113, 3249, 281, 247, 3523, 14, 9802, 644, 9383, 33610, 407, 253, 13290, 14, 12242, 285, 3055, 14, 19221, 24597, 2455, 1580, 2305, 15, 2101, 2663, 437, 5420, 327, 49244, 457, 84, 330, 725, 84, 6276, 271, 444, 14, 2437, 35512, 6029, 91, 562, 71, 2166, 342, 253, 3802, 1370, 3847, 28234, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 841, 403, 642, 39194, 263, 660, 1412, 398, 15, 329, 873, 273, 253, 391, 14381, 14, 4609, 403, 1929, 625, 7744, 347, 773, 6104, 2663, 7042, 668, 390, 773, 6104, 12947, 668, 428, 84, 7042, 323, 347, 1199, 347, 370, 938, 13, 933, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 3726, 816, 1663, 37462, 952, 562, 1806, 753, 2516, 24064, 19924, 13, 14419, 8121, 273, 20065, 1157, 247, 11338, 326, 16633, 327, 6753, 4243, 15, 773, 510, 1055, 326, 352, 4245, 745, 310, 14331, 15, 380, 952, 12200, 368, 403, 4704, 281, 816, 564, 949, 253, 15171, 14, 9328, 1158, 368, 457, 250, 1335, 14572, 11602, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 2101, 2663, 437, 14, 10002, 21186, 884, 18997, 8458, 13, 1690, 247, 25852, 2061, 73, 5391, 6129, 30662, 14, 14958, 417, 10242, 253, 3826, 968, 13, 533, 369, 253, 806, 29192, 281, 1345, 907, 731, 3066, 521, 35512, 285, 13, 1996, 13, 521, 2567, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 253, 1618, 273, 2101, 2663, 7042, 9891, 310, 802, 249, 1574, 13433, 1664, 494, 15, 733, 3797, 1218, 13906, 25714, 900, 13, 7967, 308, 16766, 13, 18059, 2148, 71, 13089, 13, 36482, 457, 22165, 285, 367, 700, 9915, 13, 665, 452, 12819, 253, 391, 14381, 275, 616, 1113, 14, 37382, 3440, 10556, 15, 187, 187, 510, 391, 14381, 403, 816, 347, 4633, 2190, 9001, 6114, 285, 14759, 14142, 285, 41973, 13, 285, 597, 671, 5420, 275, 253, 6440, 380, 20715, 285, 253, 401, 21310, 964, 187, 187, 1628, 2809, 32785, 574, 247, 873, 273, 731, 327, 521, 322, 14, 2437, 35512, 15, 14820, 13, 5753, 2389, 731, 1806, 753, 2305, 15, 24064, 19924, 15, 187, 187, 47195, 15, 496, 1457, 2816, 3228, 3055, 6629, 13, 253, 391, 14381, 403, 512, 253, 22324, 15, 773, 23631, 5605, 731, 1806, 753, 247, 8474, 432, 7121, 22604, 15, 773, 1989, 1014, 604, 309, 812, 7848, 731, 13, 309, 457, 69, 760, 452, 731, 323, 751, 884, 7253, 15, 1583, 457, 69, 755, 15661, 604, 368, 1669, 634, 1113, 562, 327, 253, 6406, 15, 1422, 4571, 457, 85, 1014, 564, 755, 271, 6749, 10777, 390, 2712, 1425, 187, 187, 6175, 954, 5753, 342, 22083, 4993, 569, 16359, 323, 247, 625, 12054, 33449, 45738, 13, 1925, 33757, 14, 53, 1441, 13, 326, 5580, 323, 370, 19, 13, 933, 247, 873, 13, 2101, 2663, 7042, 403, 1335, 22802, 745, 253, 391, 7305, 15, 773, 510, 4831, 1060, 310, 1029, 13, 594, 359, 755, 1755, 14838, 1806, 753, 247, 2101, 2663, 437, 34031, 6224, 10816, 15, 187, 187, 14, 18552, 17244, 21405, 453, 187, 187, 510, 10417, 322, 412, 41911, 187, 187, 4604, 26798, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 17132, 13477, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4480, 297, 574, 3735, 326, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 13, 253, 6423, 273, 380, 308, 6472, 273, 253, 1608, 2663, 285, 8072, 1417, 10540, 1157, 369, 3551, 281, 1457, 2816, 281, 5752, 347, 253, 4936, 278, 19032, 273, 253, 27899, 6258, 28768, 15, 1244, 594, 359, 1925, 779, 598, 275, 9972, 281, 923, 604, 344, 574, 2326, 253, 3332, 9037, 273, 41069, 457, 84, 380, 322, 412, 4011, 375, 326, 574, 41879, 1070, 342, 253, 289, 1575, 90, 2523, 273, 1880, 27899, 369, 247, 8928, 8080, 390, 247, 32402, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 1333, 253, 3159, 773, 84, 412, 41911, 668, 281, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 14, 10002, 556, 4197, 8307, 273, 1444, 284, 13, 1690, 3905, 39878, 22722, 387, 3905, 19866, 66, 285, 7055, 395, 302, 387, 253, 6365, 14, 395, 344, 11403, 22218, 3737, 8449, 659, 796, 13, 417, 5490, 28257, 6352, 5391, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1276, 556, 27899, 1694, 281, 513, 342, 841, 34715, 4011, 375, 7721, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 3078, 281, 871, 964, 773, 2513, 627, 1633, 670, 32146, 7721, 187, 187, 510, 13775, 369, 16481, 598, 13, 285, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 5544, 326, 344, 3589, 457, 85, 7615, 342, 5119, 27917, 457, 84, 2962, 15, 773, 2302, 13, 359, 6468, 457, 85, 2326, 352, 1806, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 753, 15, 773, 25179, 13, 359, 452, 644, 10208, 598, 273, 1146, 16264, 347, 253, 16175, 1387, 273, 353, 41067, 15, 1198, 1107, 13, 359, 457, 250, 8913, 371, 8211, 327, 253, 34970, 38515, 353, 41067, 1425, 187, 187, 7710, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 369, 625, 6110, 275, 5015, 670, 1529, 34715, 41911, 27, 521, 3563, 3331, 17100, 9368, 284, 13, 253, 773, 8656, 14959, 405, 668, 273, 24342, 13, 347, 344, 1925, 617, 15, 1623, 8216, 13, 3821, 15, 884, 13, 253, 6423, 588, 8041, 247, 370, 9519, 14, 66, 14, 42186, 5649, 9273, 273, 521, 6323, 3085, 13, 9368, 284, 7995, 332, 1157, 387, 253, 1503, 25362, 25281, 32286, 15, 1294, 2638, 84, 432, 253, 2362, 13, 534, 310, 1146, 17386, 407, 253, 27899, 30299, 6807, 13, 588, 564, 281, 253, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 37047, 1456, 10980, 323, 253, 15118, 15, 187, 187, 18765, 9368, 284, 13, 665, 4962, 275, 14960, 13, 6940, 247, 246, 1752, 1238, 14, 26214, 1495, 313, 250, 13350, 342, 247, 37274, 2389, 18830, 342, 35274, 1623, 34119, 14, 1628, 66, 11527, 13216, 13, 984, 344, 11069, 3253, 1475, 779, 1806, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 753, 582, 253, 6423, 773, 48879, 457, 85, 971, 281, 513, 247, 657, 15, 42, 15, 49, 15, 20565, 6440, 1425, 7820, 13, 344, 5544, 13, 773, 42, 1663, 3078, 281, 2028, 253, 952, 665, 2389, 3440, 849, 2834, 352, 310, 323, 247, 21242, 281, 320, 247, 21242, 15, 1737, 352, 4815, 8139, 281, 5115, 326, 7880, 26835, 15, 1244, 849, 2834, 352, 310, 281, 1978, 326, 26835, 1425, 187, 187, 18635, 332, 9368, 284, 1157, 534, 556, 2568, 281, 1089, 271, 2448, 43064, 13, 310, 247, 27710, 1007, 387, 253, 1390, 1740, 2607, 273, 253, 24342, 16057, 457, 84, 1495, 15, 329, 5561, 14, 4152, 12634, 14, 20723, 2013, 90, 7854, 790, 14, 585, 8498, 707, 253, 2469, 14, 379, 14, 5994, 16057, 13, 4546, 407, 401, 10059, 1780, 69, 386, 13, 281, 1056, 247, 2962, 273, 10556, 326, 294, 14, 6953, 617, 954, 27795, 24342, 16226, 970, 2469, 19654, 273, 617, 4318, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1147, 2987, 1077, 973, 13, 533, 417, 323, 17100, 9368, 284, 13, 665, 2296, 13, 2802, 1552, 310, 247, 9116, 4117, 668, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 753, 15, 1292, 13, 344, 2879, 13, 275, 6612, 13, 253, 2017, 66, 457, 84, 34537, 281, 824, 19812, 550, 494, 7465, 2210, 342, 247, 344, 30399, 4376, 15, 773, 2042, 368, 3153, 323, 26835, 13, 672, 26835, 34654, 13, 368, 452, 2717, 2010, 281, 513, 533, 3150, 1806, 344, 753, 15, 773, 2993, 2427, 387, 253, 2363, 273, 8255, 13, 1077, 2872, 15, 1500, 1904, 457, 85, 2997, 253, 10343, 13, 253, 4146, 1178, 38715, 428, 6689, 858, 417, 2997, 352, 15, 187, 187, 14067, 521, 7269, 2363, 13, 2305, 15, 7728, 567, 603, 25658, 3548, 457, 85, 4704, 323, 521, 2940 ]

fall in love, go to the Woodfield Mall outside Chicago and are joined by Abraham’s mother, Oprah Winfrey.” Ms. Winfrey’s character is smuggled into a nuclear-power plant and killed by F.B.I. agents before the plot is revealed to have been “an elaborate fantasy.” Mr. Jones’ other book, Ginny Good , (formerly titled Dead Ginny ), is a memoir about the (apparently substantial) amount of time he spent in Haight-Ashbury during the 60’s with a woman he claims was the original hippie. HarperCollins Publishers editor Daniel Menaker passed on Astral Weekend with a long note remarking on the “absolutely wonderful” stuff throughout the manuscript. Mr. Menaker’s concern was the “episodicness which forces the book to rely on its generally riffflike [ sic ] nature.” Mr. Jones’ didn’t take it well: “Dear Dan: I got your note. The only parts I understood were the parts about how wonderful it was. You lost me when you had to resort to combining jazz ostinatos with subatomic particle theory in order to explain why you’re not going to publish the son of a bitch. Gary Fisketjon dissed my ass too, but with considerably less effusiveness.” Other recipients of Mr. Jones’ inquiries have been considerably less enthusiastic. Simon & Schuster editor Mitchell Ivers wrote: “My two cents: get an agent.” Then, “Who are you? You must be a virus. I’m deleting your first email. Identify yourself or to hell with your spam.” For those interested in the complete picture, Mr. Ivers’ e-mail and the entire correspondence is published on Everyonewhoanyone.com. Also not amused is Andrew Zack, who runs the Zack Company Inc. Mr. Jones said by phone that Mr. Zack was the only person to effectively prevent him from using his information, and called Mr. Zack “a twerpy little agent who believes he has some kind of rights to his own address and phone number.” Mr. Zack responded, “I think Mr. Jones’ quotes speak for themselves,” adding that “Mr. Jones never requested permission to include me in his Web site. When I discovered that he had, I requested that he remove information that he had published, including e-mail correspondence and my direct e-mail address, which he only did after numerous complaints …. I do not believe Mr. Jones is providing a service to authors or anyone else in the publishing industry, and there are much better resources out there in the marketplace.” Mr. Jones just doesn’t get why his stuff hasn’t found a home while other books sit on best-seller racks in Barnes & Noble. “I’ve read a lot of books that totally barfed me through the roof in terms of any kind of craft or art or sensibility or truth,” he said. -Rebecca Traister Sprewell’s Rim Job The $250,000 fine that Latrell Sprewell has been ordered to pay the Knicks may be the largest in the team’s history, but even with his suspension, he shouldn’t break a sweat coming up with the dough. You see, Mr. Sprewell’s wheel rims are hot, hot, hot. Around the time of his last suspension-that would be the 1997-98 season, when he reportedly lost $6.4 million in salary for choking Golden State Warrior coach P.J. Carlesimo-Mr. Sprewell opened Sprewell Racing, a high-performance auto-accessories store in San Gabriel, Calif., that “displays over a million dollars in showroom inventory,” according to its Web site. And one of those products, Davin Wheels-tire rims tricked up with a rotating attachment that continues spinning after the car comes to a stop-have been coveted by the hip-hop and private-school crowds ever since Mr. Sprewell appeared on MTV’s Cribs driving an E-class Mercedes Benz outfitted with the snazzy accessories. But these are no Razor scooters. A set of the rims-which are known more commonly as “Sprewells” or “Spinners” -sells for as much as $20,000. “They just really freak people out,” said John Jarasa, managing editor of Dub , a magazine that focuses on auto parts. “The effect that it gives off is incredible. The people beside you are ready to just go through the intersection-they think you’re still rolling!” Mr. Sprewell-who owns 10 luxury cars, including a Lamborghini Diablo-did not invent the Davins, but was the first celebrity to publicize them via his Mercedes and, later, his company. But the list of Sprewells owners is eminently boldfaceable. It includes rappers Coolio, Big Tymers, Wyclef Jean, Lil’ Wayne and Phat Joe, who have featured the rims in their car-centric music videos. The rims are just as popular among sports stars and Hollywood actors and actresses, and they also appeared in the movie The Fast and the Furious . “Shaq had a set of them on his S-class Mercedes. Plus, kids love them,” said Mr. Jarasa. Yep. In New York City private schools, the rims are all the rage. “Everyone wants them,” said a senior from Riverdale. “But even if I could afford them, I’d only have them for like 10 seconds. They’d get stolen if you left your car out on the street. You couldn’t even go get an ice cream or anything.” While most kids with rim fixations settle for a more reasonably priced imitation, called Spin-Tek, that sell for $2,000 a set, Sprewells are still jumping off the racks. “The demand here is high, so we get top dollar,” said a Sprewell Racing salesperson. -Alexandra Wolfe The Real Soprano Franco Zeffirelli sounded confused. The Transom had heard that Mr. Zeffirelli, the director of The Taming of the Shrew and Endless Love , was coming to New York to serve as the grand marshal of the Columbus Day parade. And so we called him up in Italy to see if he had seen the recent episode of HBO’s The Sopranos that had grappled with the thorny issue of whether Columbus was a cultural hero or a villain. But say the word “soprano” to Mr. Zeffirelli-who has produced hundreds of operas, including La Bohème at La Scala and Turandot at the Met-and he sees Frederica von Stade, not James Gandolfini. “What has Columbus got to do with these sopranos?” Mr. Zeffirelli wanted to know . “Is there something about singers?” The confusion was cleared up, and Mr. Zeffirelli explained that he wasn’t familiar with David Chase’s series. “No, we haven’t seen it,” Mr. Zeffirelli said. “Actually, we have been fed up of being painted as the ethnic group of Mafia. For years, we’re banqueting on the Sicilian Mafia.” Mr. Zeffirelli was more interested in talking about another soprano: his late friend Maria Callas, the “high priestess” of opera, as he called her. On Thursday, Oct. 10, the director will attend a $250-a-ticket benefit screening of his latest film, Callas Forever , at the Ziegfeld Theater. Proceeds from the event, which is being hosted by the Columbus Citizens Foundation, will go to the Zeffirelli Scholarship Fund for the Arts. Though Callas, who died in 1977, lived a tabloid-worthy life (replete with a tortured love affair with Aristotle Onassis-“a terrible personality, because he destroyed everything around him,” Mr. Zeffirelli said), the director “didn’t want to do a V.I.P. scandal movie.” Instead, he explained, “I really wanted to tell the people who love music how difficult it is for a genius to be a genius. What it costs … to achieve that absolute perfection. And how difficult it is to keep that perfection.” Forever Callas , which has yet to find an American distributor, is a hypothetical look at the last four months of the opera singer’s life. A rock-band promoter-Jeremy Irons-convinces the past-her-prime singer, played by Fanny Ardant, to make a series of videos that re-create her most memorable opera performances using past recordings of her voice. “It works very well, but not for Maria Callas, who says, ‘This is a fraud,'” Mr. Zeffirelli said. But, he added, in reality, the diva’s devotion to such impeccable standards came with a hefty price. “If you live for perfection, when perfection disappears, you have nothing else to do but die,” he said. “She went at the age of 54, very young. She didn’t accept the decline, the Sunset Boulevard -she did not accept it. Despite his advanced age, Mr. Zeffirelli isn’t ready for his walk

[ 2270, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1762, 15, 21149, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 3071, 27, 2945, 15, 1036, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 2597, 4185, 50275, 20, 15, 24562, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 23139, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1010, 50275, 17, 15, 2597, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1706, 15, 25, 2251, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 2904, 15, 2358, 5, 50275, 14, 1047, 15, 23, 20785, 50275, 19, 15, 16587, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 29412, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1036, 50275, 17, 15, 2357, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 361, 15, 44238, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 883, 27, 2941, 15, 1438, 5, 50275, 14, 938, 15, 25, 28836, 50275, 18, 15, 20216, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 15017, 1610, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 2405, 50275, 17, 15, 2511, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3156, 15, 13397, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 3680, 15, 2950, 5, 50275, 14, 1010, 15, 3141, 1857, 50275, 17, 15, 48224, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 28871, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1610, 50275, 17, 15, 2055, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 361, 15, 26, 1812, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 2405, 15, 4739, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 1438, 4148, 50275, 19, 15, 23360, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 28333, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1839, 50275, 17, 15, 2691, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2125, 15, 9104, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 2405, 15, 2055, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 14209, 50275, 18, 15, 31358, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 15017, 1549, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 1839, 50275, 17, 15, 2270, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2904, 15, 19321, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 1706, 15, 3571, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 23, 28873, 50275, 18, 15, 17599, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 30413, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 3156, 50275, 17, 15, 4739, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1787, 15, 25039, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 805, 15, 2504, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 2125, 1671, 50275, 17, 15, 33868, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 29579, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 2031, 50275, 17, 15, 3593, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1235, 15, 24769, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 3079, 15, 3071, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 2125, 1237, 50275, 18, 15, 26541, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 13930, 1867, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 3046, 50275, 17, 15, 2691, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1797, 15, 28933, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 1867, 15, 883, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 3953, 1967, 50275, 19, 15, 27244, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 19035, 740, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 3655, 50275, 17, 15, 2511, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1797, 15, 26, 1812, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 883, 27, 3011, 15, 2222, 5, 50275, 14, 938, 15, 3071, 1812, 50275, 18, 15, 25, 746, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 35488, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 2511, 50275, 17, 15, 2597, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1706, 15, 25008, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 3011, 15, 3357, 5, 50275, 14, 1166, 15, 1047, 3245, 50275, 17, 15, 26942, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 30467, 5, 50275, 1010, 15, 4739, 50275, 17, 15, 2597, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3583, 15, 32960, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 740, 27, 1010, 15, 2405, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 3680, 1540, 50275, 19, 15, 9913, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 28703, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2941, 50275, 17, 15, 4529, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2904, 15, 35808, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 1047, 15, 1857, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 41545, 50275, 20, 15, 45153, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 33505, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2922, 50275, 17, 15, 2270, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2405, 15, 29917, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 3712, 15, 1671, 5, 50275, 14, 1010, 15, 1540, 1787, 50275, 19, 15, 38862, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 19765, 1867, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1093, 50275, 17, 15, 4739, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2945, 15, 41612, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 1047, 15, 4185, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 25, 20991, 50275, 19, 15, 15046, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 35866, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1797, 50275, 17, 15, 2222, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1237, 15, 14351, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2941, 27, 2417, 15, 1438, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 24, 34920, 50275, 19, 15, 16198, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 933, 41325, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1099, 50275, 17, 15, 2270, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2904, 15, 26, 1047, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 2405, 15, 3141, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 2082, 2504, 50275, 20, 15, 14840, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 24133, 1093, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1717, 50275, 17, 15, 4590, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 520, 15, 31055, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 1671, 15, 3571, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 24, 24264, 50275, 18, 15, 46043, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2874, 9104, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3156, 50275, 17, 15, 3953, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3011, 15, 28057, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2125, 27, 3439, 15, 2055, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 26, 30592, 50275, 19, 15, 8320, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 17553, 3680, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2385, 50275, 17, 15, 4148, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1797, 15, 20207, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2904, 27, 740, 15, 1093, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 2055, 2055, 50275, 20, 15, 2874, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 17553, 2270, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3712, 50275, 17, 15, 4196, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 2950, 15, 33505, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2693, 27, 1867, 15, 3357, 5, 50275, 14, 746, 15, 2357, 4185, 50275, 19, 15, 39338, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2874, 12347, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3439, 50275, 17, 15, 2222, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 1619, 15, 35791, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 3680, 15, 2227, 5, 50275, 14, 938, 15, 2537, 2526, 50275, 20, 15, 39289, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 26313, 740, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2358, 50275, 17, 15, 4148, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1787, 15, 26, 2031, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 740, 27, 1237, 15, 2640, 5, 50275, 14, 1010, 15, 23, 16271, 50275, 18, 15, 29185, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 26313, 1540, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3566, 50275, 18, 15, 361, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 746, 15, 36709, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2640, 27, 2417, 15, 1237, 5, 50275, 14, 1166, 15, 1235, 1235, 50275, 19, 15, 49800, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 26313, 3677, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 1976, 50275, 17, 15, 2222, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 361, 15, 22308, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 520, 15, 3832, 5, 50275, 14, 1166, 15, 1166, 2090, 50275, 19, 15, 39069, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 28059, 520, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 3141, 50275, 18, 15, 520, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3079, 15, 46878, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 805, 27, 1731, 15, 2358, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 1012, 3583, 50275, 18, 15, 24, 1812, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 28835, 2941, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 2270, 50275, 17, 15, 1525, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1508, 15, 17884, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 3071, 27, 1671, 15, 1976, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 3141, 1012, 50275, 20, 15, 30768, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 28835, 2904, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 4739, 50275, 17, 15, 1525, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1812, 15, 22, 2526, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2904, 27, 938, 15, 1610, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 1525, 2251, 50275, 19, 15, 19490, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 28835, 3832, 5, 50275, 1036, 15, 4196, 50275, 18, 15, 520, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 1867, 15, 22313, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 3071, 27, 3208, 15, 2526, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 2090, 3046, 50275, 21, 15, 39425, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2313, 7749, 5, 50275, 1012, 15, 4739, 50275, 18, 15, 1237, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1508, 27, 3011, 15, 14009, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2922, 27, 1047, 15, 1857, 5, 50275, 14, 1036, 15, 1012, 2693, 50275, 17, 15, 46027, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2313, 13397, 5, 50275, 1047, 15, 2640, 50275, 18, 15, 1237, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2405, 15, 24, 2691, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 2904, 27, 2640, 15, 883, 5, 50275, 14, 1166, 15, 2251, 2090, 50275, 17, 15, 45259, 187, 50275, 5, 49949, 21, 23829, 2582, 2313, 11246, 5, 50275, 1047, 15, 3071, 50275, 18, 15, 1812, 50274, 5, 805, 27, 1348, 27, 2125, 15, 33868, 5, 50275, 2911, 3680, 27, 1762, 27, 2693, 15, 2227, 5, 50275, 14, 1093, 15, 1731, 3357, 50275, 17, 15, 5388, 187, 50276, 23796, 14022, 14022, 4372, 4372, 16213, 14022, 187, 187, 31455, 4181, 187, 1702, 187, 187, 510, 4181, 281, 25212, 575, 21, 23829, 310, 5667, 281, 15313, 253, 7368, 4872, 9941, 13, 285, 281, 6455, 1708, 715, 2280, 15, 496, 31247, 15354, 1162, 355, 15, 313, 6759, 67, 10, 352, 369, 4232, 326, 253, 7368, 310, 5148, 6793, 13, 342, 905, 7510, 16, 41, 696, 30, 12, 17, 15, 805, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 1762, 13, 285, 342, 271, 2363, 273, 337, 15, 23, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 18, 443, 6147, 15, 844, 39494, 1060, 253, 7368, 4181, 285, 28159, 2980, 407, 13532, 253, 48168, 273, 25212, 575, 21, 23829, 970, 253, 14599, 7602, 2758, 760, 313, 2887, 5270, 575, 20, 481, 831, 310, 2011, 275, 2667, 15, 575, 20, 15, 380, 7368, 7852, 323, 2758, 760, 310, 1077, 4518, 2931, 13, 342, 253, 6867, 16841, 273, 10444, 2363, 7368, 275, 253, 5935, 2919, 15, 380, 5935, 310, 4441, 387, 657, 426, 1458, 4231, 15, 329, 502, 1765, 5195, 275, 3295, 310, 4441, 387, 253, 1599, 9777, 657, 426, 2145, 15, 26, 15, 5761, 6114, 787, 10207, 685, 313, 55, 14, 42, 10, 669, 3549, 5, 470, 15, 25, 4231, 476, 320, 7368, 4797, 1213, 356, 3129, 398, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 1089, 326, 271, 310, 3770, 29037, 273, 337, 15, 22, 443, 6147, 313, 35, 560, 266, 1162, 355, 15, 4050, 10, 1805, 7598, 707, 253, 5281, 273, 253, 5935, 285, 253, 9777, 273, 253, 502, 1765, 15, 831, 21414, 4944, 11026, 247, 28159, 2980, 444, 9, 55, 14, 42, 10, 426, 470, 15, 24677, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 5523, 13, 285, 271, 5165, 5304, 4181, 28380, 313, 78, 14, 46, 1009, 64, 55, 5, 426, 1249, 15, 3547, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 2640, 4231, 13, 835, 20418, 403, 5998, 407, 5304, 15981, 15, 496, 643, 3000, 359, 21182, 18859, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 310, 3770, 29037, 342, 1675, 281, 253, 3558, 14, 37146, 407, 7494, 4234, 352, 2112, 253, 9118, 285, 11593, 3884, 10040, 3146, 13, 1919, 271, 12207, 4944, 812, 417, 320, 1119, 15, 831, 8018, 326, 253, 7368, 4181, 310, 374, 15, 19, 1202, 2617, 5, 17, 15, 18, 42746, 432, 253, 4146, 13, 5777, 2406, 685, 31247, 15354, 1162, 355, 15, 313, 6759, 67, 10, 6642, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 38727, 26129, 14199, 6803, 15, 2594, 2505, 323, 4278, 5774, 39, 525, 999, 15, 2265, 910, 3429, 26303, 33237, 986, 187, 187, 3138, 33822, 7441, 15, 380, 1669, 5370, 2722, 512, 253, 6114, 5189, 275, 657, 285, 309, 13, 1223, 253, 987, 5370, 2722, 23049, 2758, 760, 15, 380, 310, 3770, 29037, 310, 323, 271, 2363, 273, 337, 15, 22, 443, 6147, 285, 247, 33201, 1503, 30, 17, 15, 14521, 880, 1470, 19, 15, 2265, 910, 3429, 26303, 33237, 986, 187, 187, 33412, 4038, 8115 ]

90 $12:24:05.244$ $-58:06:42.16$ -18.8798 3.374 $NGC4337\_000370$ 15.15 0.87 $12:24:34.867$ $-58:09:08.68$ -14.6227 2.360 $NGC4337\_000372$ 15.16 0.77 $12:24:00.091$ $-58:11:03.80$ -20.8658 1.395 $NGC4337\_000433$ 15.31 0.89 $12:23:41.124$ $-58:09:58.46$ -15.7845 0.812 $NGC4337\_000443$ 15.33 0.88 $12:24:00.936$ $-58:07:31.91$ -18.8097 2.286 $NGC4337\_000459$ 15.38 0.86 $12:24:04.010$ $-58:05:31.88$ -19.1991 1.498 $NGC4337\_000460$ 15.38 0.90 $12:24:08.304$ $-58:09:34.63$ -16.6502 1.188 $NGC4337\_000474$ 15.41 0.91 $12:23:37.354$ $-58:07:12.47$ -18.0435 0.898 $NGC4337\_000484$ 15.44 0.81 $12:23:50.407$ $-58:09:43.06$ -19.0432 1.695 $NGC4337\_000539$ 15.59 0.86 $12:24:21.283$ $-58:07:39.11$ -19.9470 2.048 $NGC4337\_000610$ 15.73 0.89 $12:24:21.936$ $-58:11:57.95$ -20.0636 1.819 $NGC4337\_000682$ 15.89 0.87 $12:23:34.356$ $-58:09:57.53$ -17.1483 0.704 $NGC4337\_000694$ 15.91 0.87 $12:23:52.399$ $-58:10:15.31$ -19.5864 2.160 $NGC4337\_000756$ 16.03 0.92 $12:24:08.902$ $-58:07:14.45$ -16.0065 3.533 $NGC4337\_000778$ 16.07 0.90 $12:24:31.361$ $-58:07:51.35$ -15.6437 2.530 $NGC4337\_000839$ 16.18 0.91 $12:24:42.842$ $-58:09:14.98$ -18.8237 2.170 $NGC4337\_000853$ 16.21 0.95 $12:24:32.122$ $-58:03:55.80$ -16.7957 2.156 $NGC4337\_000881$ 16.25 0.90 $12:24:08.914$ $-58:05:31.78$ -18.6547 3.175 $NGC4337\_000918$ 16.29 0.93 $12:24:01.690$ $-58:05:35.63$ -16.7409 1.717 $NGC4337\_001010$ 16.41 0.94 $12:23:57.686$ $-58:04:54.88$ -19.9451 2.400 $NGC4337\_001058$ 16.48 0.97 $12:24:21.312$ $-58:08:10.18$ -18.8888 3.001 $NGC4337\_001090$ 16.51 0.96 $12:23:46.778$ $-58:09:39.53$ -19.7798 2.552 $NGC4337\_001108$ 16.54 0.95 $12:24:28.673$ $-58:05:58.85$ -20.4966 3.097 $NGC4337\_001210$ 16.68 0.97 $12:23:37.944$ $-58:10:32.02$ -15.6153 1.449 $NGC4337\_001264$ 16.74 1.00 $12:24:19.078$ $-58:02:55.32$ -17.5050 2.688 $NGC4337\_001271$ 16.75 0.95 $12:24:00.290$ $-58:05:01.61$ -17.1769 2.417 $NGC4337\_001301$ 16.78 1.01 $12:23:43.613$ $-58:12:26.68$ -18.1352 1.736 $NGC4337\_001403$ 16.90 0.99 $12:23:23.040$ $-58:06:35.75$ -16.7813 3.057 $NGC4337\_001408$ 16.91 0.99 $12:23:36.566$ $-58:08:20.33$ -18.9967 2.245 $NGC4337\_001461$ 16.96 1.01 $12:23:39.266$ $-58:06:56.66$ -16.6959 4.066 $NGC4337\_100110$ 13.91 1.32 $12:23:57.209$ $-58:07:14.45$ -16.1309 0.554 $NGC4337\_100124$ 14.02 1.32 $12:24:31.786$ $-58:08:02.11$ -17.6769 0.544 $NGC4337\_100130$ 14.06 1.36 $12:24:04.898$ $-58:05:09.85$ -18.2653 0.500 ------------------- ------- ------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------- ------- Cluster distance ================ The distance to NGC 4337 is essential to derive the cluster linear radius, and to convert light into mass. In Carraro et al. (2014b) it was established that the cluster is metal rich, with \[Fe/H\]=+0.12$\pm$0.05, and with an age of 1.6$\pm$0.1 Gyr. We refine here the cluster distance and reddening by fitting the CMD of NGC 4337 using the radial velocity members only (see Table 3). This is shown in Fig. 3. The cluster MS for members only is very clearly defined, with the typical curvature of intermediate age cluster in the TO region. The TO is located at V = 15 mag. A clump spread in color is located at the mean magnitude V = 13.9. Two stars bluer than (V-I) $\sim$ 0.8 mag can be cluster blue stragglers. We find that an isochrone of 1.5 Gyr (Bressan et al. 2012) better reproduces the shape of the TO and the magnitude of the clump. This convincing fit yields a reddening E(V-I) = 0.385$\pm$0.005, and an apparent visual distance modulus (m-M)$_V$ = 12.72$\pm$0.02 mag, where uncertainties are estimated by visual inspection. In other words we eyeballed the location of the isochrone with respect to the member-stars by displacing it along the vertical and horizontal direction iteratively, until an acceptable fit could not be found. This implies that the cluster distance is 2.2$\pm$0.1 kpc from the Sun, slightly lower than Carraro et al. (2014b) estimate. ![Spectroscopic membership assessment. See text for details.](Fignew.eps){width="\columnwidth"} ![Distance determination. The left panel shows all the stars detected in V and I, while the right panel shows RV members only. The isochrone is for an age of 1.5 Gyr and a metallicity Z=0.025](Fig2.eps){width="\columnwidth"} Surface density maps

[ 8763, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 2915, 551, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 50274, 3429, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 14849, 27, 4284, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 10467, 4355, 35896, 13, 20155, 14, 40004, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1249, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 8476, 14, 3281, 27, 577, 28, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 4537, 14, 7135, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 1852, 18895, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19161, 14, 13217, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 2385, 13, 8988, 13, 9523, 558, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 14425, 13, 329, 3760, 13, 20155, 14, 40004, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19161, 14, 12432, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 2385, 13, 8988, 13, 9523, 558, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 686, 22434, 4355, 35896, 1383, 20155, 14, 40004, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19161, 14, 27095, 551, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 686, 23083, 3703, 12693, 1383, 308, 15809, 13, 20155, 14, 40004, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 1968, 27, 22424, 3280, 551, 187, 50274, 3364, 14, 20644, 27, 470, 470, 495, 3498, 6780, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 3423, 1178, 60, 25050, 62, 5203, 27, 22424, 3280, 551, 187, 50274, 3364, 14, 20644, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 6082, 14, 9576, 1189, 14, 13299, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 13866, 14, 6172, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 968, 5344, 14, 6377, 14, 42152, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 3168, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 44338, 14, 11814, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 10492, 27, 337, 3498, 4891, 46206, 9, 1540, 5294, 6705, 5294, 6705, 34649, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 27422, 27, 13294, 14, 3364, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 11536, 27, 13294, 14, 3364, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 67, 35308, 14, 24712, 14, 5560, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 13866, 14, 6172, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 1638, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 8196, 13, 21982, 13, 24665, 558, 187, 50274, 26806, 14, 8623, 27, 4766, 28, 187, 50274, 11300, 14, 5641, 27, 1024, 1761, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 337, 3498, 577, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 8623, 27, 1669, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1903, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 2622, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 6712, 27, 13433, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 20644, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 3168, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 428, 18, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 818, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 3775, 14, 8559, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 2502, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 3775, 14, 5423, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 14256, 13, 11084, 13, 11084, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19720, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 6520, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 7880, 28, 187, 50274, 3956, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 1274, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 918, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 10492, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 91, 14, 4663, 27, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 45185, 15, 24210, 551, 187, 50274, 23210, 27, 6753, 28, 187, 50274, 3429, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 94, 187, 187, 45185, 15, 19720, 15, 24210, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 470, 470, 577, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 551, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 73, 3111, 27, 1439, 29369, 16191, 10, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50274, 1274, 27, 495, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 918, 27, 495, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 32267, 9, 3208, 13, 16493, 13, 26517, 13, 470, 15, 18, 558, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 608, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 91, 14, 4663, 27, 428, 18, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 1274, 27, 428, 25463, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 16191, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 45328, 2960, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 249, 14, 11536, 4697, 964, 30703, 551, 187, 50274, 483, 1282, 27, 337, 3498, 24817, 3644, 35579, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 28419, 14, 35505, 14, 1189, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 428, 19, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 3956, 27, 374, 3498, 4891, 46206, 9, 3208, 13, 16493, 13, 26517, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 27, 16651, 632, 15, 16191, 964, 27423, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 3208, 13, 16493, 13, 26517, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 27, 16651, 632, 15, 5598, 15, 16191, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 3168, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 13, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 8919, 551, 187, 50274, 3550, 14, 4826, 14, 881, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 14, 2369, 14, 17333, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 8919, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 1249, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 551, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 27745, 27, 11591, 2824, 261, 28, 187, 50274, 11300, 14, 5641, 27, 1024, 1761, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 27, 16651, 632, 15, 16191, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 3168, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 311, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 27, 16651, 632, 15, 16191, 475, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 30686, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 9599, 27, 1669, 28, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 4537, 14, 7135, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 5695, 27, 9688, 9, 30128, 16, 44338, 8880, 31599, 545, 84, 15, 8567, 558, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 3281, 27, 35362, 3498, 21748, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 6071, 27, 346, 66, 3664, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 13955, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 20644, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 3956, 27, 374, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 3429, 27, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 27, 1439, 29369, 5598, 10, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 13955, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 33, 8236, 3383, 20726, 14, 1222, 14, 10933, 14, 29206, 14, 29603, 27, 337, 15, 22, 10, 551, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 5695, 27, 9688, 9, 30128, 16, 44338, 8880, 31599, 545, 84, 64, 19, 89, 15, 8567, 558, 187, 94, 187, 94, 3476, 3420, 1738, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 3321, 27, 428, 21, 3498, 428, 4196, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 7749, 13, 9199, 13, 9199, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 632, 15, 5598, 15, 4347, 12086, 1450, 9131, 551, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 12477, 14, 3321, 27, 428, 938, 3498, 428, 4196, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 8919, 15, 13863, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 483, 1282, 14, 3431, 14019, 8919, 15, 13863, 15, 4347, 12086, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 19402, 14, 10773, 263, 14, 9134, 14, 1590, 551, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 4826, 27, 36037, 280, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 7003, 14, 264, 2996, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 1852, 18895, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 43101, 27, 5293, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 27, 7985, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 551, 187, 50274, 27745, 14, 89, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 71, 20, 71, 20, 71, 20, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 81, 1351, 14, 5564, 14, 8060, 551, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 23, 13, 721, 13, 721, 558, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 13955, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 27, 337, 3498, 4891, 46206, 9, 15429, 13, 19939, 13, 19939, 558, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 1796, 70, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 5695, 27, 4872, 14, 29844, 9, 936, 5004, 13, 46206, 9, 20438, 13, 28485, 13, 28485, 582, 46206, 9, 20360, 13, 26879, 13, 26879, 4027, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 1249, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14, 20726, 14, 6243, 30253, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 81, 1351, 14, 5564, 14, 8060, 27, 4507, 551, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 21351, 13, 23917, 13, 23917, 558, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 5695, 27, 4872, 14, 29844, 9, 936, 5004, 13, 46206, 9, 19332, 13, 26771, 13, 26771, 582, 46206, 9, 20487, 13, 27862, 13, 27862, 4027, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 13, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 964, 13863, 551, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 3550, 14, 4826, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4674, 551, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 1283, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 337, 3498, 884, 3498, 721, 3498, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11300, 14, 5641, 27, 1024, 1761, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 46206, 9, 4529, 13, 9199, 13, 17181, 558, 187, 50274, 1156, 14, 20644, 27, 32267, 9, 10637, 13, 15215, 13, 15215, 13, 470, 15, 1976, 10, 470, 337, 3498, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4835, 551, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 5540, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 608, 3498, 470, 608, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11300, 14, 5641, 27, 1024, 1761, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 14, 89, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 27745, 14, 90, 27, 8763, 28, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 5910, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 3956, 27, 337, 3498, 4891, 13955, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 964, 13863, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 964, 13863, 15, 4347, 12086, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4674, 559, 964, 13863, 2239, 964, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4835, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 884, 3498, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4674, 559, 964, 13863, 15, 6795, 2239, 964, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4835, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 1722, 3498, 2195, 18108, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 2239, 964, 13863, 2239, 964, 41315, 14, 12588, 14, 4835, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 5345, 3498, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 41315, 14, 12588, 2239, 964, 13863, 2239, 964, 13863, 2239 ]

hidden; } body { height: 100%; width: 100%; position: relative; overflow: hidden; margin: 0; cursor: default; font-family: Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; tab-size: 4; -webkit-user-select: none; color: #222; } .platform-linux { color: rgb(48, 57, 66); font-family: Ubuntu, Arial, sans-serif; } .platform-mac { color: rgb(48, 57, 66); font-family: 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; } .platform-windows { font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, sans-serif; } label:hover input { box-shadow: 0 0 3px highlight; } fieldset[disabled] label:hover input { box-shadow: none; } .object-popover-container { display: inline-block; } .inspected-page-placeholder { background-color: white; } .toolbar-background { padding-left: 1px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(64%, 64%, 64%); background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: padding-box; } .bubble-repeat-count { display: inline-block; height: 14px; background-color: rgb(128, 151, 189); vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; padding: 1px 4px; text-align: left; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold; text-shadow: none; color: white; margin-top: -1px; border-radius: 7px; } .error-message { color: red; } .error-input { background-color: rgb(220, 130, 130); } .panel { display: flex; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 0; } iframe.extension { flex: auto; width: 100%; height: 100%; } iframe.panel.extension { display: block; height: 100%; } .outline-disclosure { padding: 0 0 0 4px; margin: 0; } .outline-disclosure li { position: relative; } .outline-disclosure li.hovered:not(.selected) .selection { display: block; left: 3px; right: 3px; background-color: rgba(56, 121, 217, 0.1); border-radius: 5px; } .outline-disclosure li .selection { display: none; z-index: -1; margin-left: -10000px; } .outline-disclosure li.selected .selection { display: block; background-color: #dadada; } .outline-disclosure li.in-clipboard .highlight { outline: 1px dotted darkgrey; } .outline-disclosure li.elements-drag-over .selection { display: block; margin-top: -2px; border-top: 2px solid rgb(56, 121, 217); } ol.outline-disclosure:focus li.selected .selection { background-color: rgb(56, 121, 217); } ol.outline-disclosure:focus li.parent.selected::before { background-color: white; } ol.outline-disclosure, .outline-disclosure ol { list-style-type: none; } .outline-disclosure-no-padding { padding: 0; } .outline-disclosure ol { padding-left: 12px; } .outline-disclosure li { margin-top: 1px; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; } ol.outline-disclosure:focus li.selected { color: white; } ol.outline-disclosure:focus li.selected * { color: inherit; } .outline-disclosure li::before { float: left; -webkit-user-select: none; -webkit-mask-image: url(Images/toolbarButtonGlyphs.png); -webkit-mask-size: 352px 168px; content: "a"; color: transparent; text-shadow: none; position: relative; top: 2px; margin-right: 1px; width: 10px; height: 10px; } .outline-disclosure li:not(.parent)::before { background-color: transparent; } @media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) { .outline-disclosure li::before { -webkit-mask-image: url(Images/toolbarButtonGlyphs_2x.png); } } /* media */ .outline-disclosure li::before { -webkit-mask-position: -4px -96px; background-color: rgb(110, 110, 110); } .outline-disclosure li.parent.expanded::before { -webkit-mask-position: -20px -96px; } .outline-disclosure ol.children { display: none; } .outline-disclosure ol.children.expanded { display: block; } .properties-accessor-property-name { font-style: italic; } .child-editing { color: #222 !important; text-decoration: none !important; overflow: visible !important; } .sidebar { overflow-x: hidden; background-color: #f3f3f3; } .pane-title-button { color: rgb(6, 6, 6); background-color: transparent; border: 1px solid rgb(165, 165, 165); background-color: #eee; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgb(252, 252, 252), rgb(223, 223, 223)); border-radius: 12px; -webkit-appearance: none; } .pane-title-button:active { background-color: rgb(215, 215, 215); background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgb(194, 194, 194), rgb(239, 239, 239)); } .sidebar-tree, .sidebar-tree .children { position: relative; padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; } .sidebar-tree-section { position: relative; height: 18px; padding: 1px 10px 6px 10px; white-space: nowrap; margin-top: 1px; color: rgb(92, 110, 129); text-shadow: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75) 0 1px 0; } .sidebar-tree-item { position: relative; height: 36px; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; white-space: nowrap; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; margin-top: 1px; line-height: 34px; border-top: 1px solid transparent; } .sidebar-tree .children { display: none; } .sidebar-tree .children.expanded { display: block; } .sidebar-tree-section + .children > .sidebar-tree-item { padding-left: 10px !important; } .sidebar-tree-section + .children.small > .sidebar-tree-item { padding-left: 17px !important; } .sidebar-tree > .children > .sidebar-tree-item { padding-left: 37px; } .sidebar-tree > .children > .children >

[ 261, 11532, 436, 281, 452, 1633, 281, 513, 342, 247, 10551, 344, 1160, 275, 253, 2469, 13, 342, 521, 2045, 4475, 27, 703, 43725, 2200, 616, 806, 1429, 285, 672, 14656, 293, 261, 2546, 253, 7345, 281, 5321, 253, 1273, 1429, 689, 253, 4475, 13, 344, 9193, 326, 2656, 29163, 779, 407, 3192, 1097, 521, 4475, 285, 521, 1429, 1977, 15, 187, 187, 43755, 293, 261, 21936, 281, 16263, 247, 27343, 13, 594, 326, 344, 812, 387, 1878, 320, 12659, 347, 1907, 574, 247, 5389, 2872, 4475, 13, 943, 344, 452, 642, 33961, 281, 4035, 521, 17646, 15, 23142, 571, 18726, 13, 533, 347, 3517, 347, 253, 2872, 27343, 3344, 23981, 281, 6848, 253, 4564, 13, 344, 285, 23142, 571, 2965, 275, 2389, 15, 3344, 16965, 247, 3877, 281, 23142, 571, 13, 7004, 617, 281, 5007, 779, 247, 362, 511, 342, 246, 335, 2824, 15, 1500, 2722, 598, 387, 521, 3369, 342, 253, 246, 335, 2824, 13, 285, 597, 3651, 13884, 616, 2389, 15, 187, 187, 18978, 13, 23142, 571, 434, 3331, 13, 253, 2419, 50147, 17100, 13, 310, 275, 247, 1302, 5363, 50276, 3113, 253, 9168, 6773, 33277, 254, 13, 411, 4002, 78, 15, 411, 4002, 78, 310, 946, 8287, 275, 253, 246, 335, 532, 2791, 13, 285, 310, 2509, 3240, 973, 428, 16764, 281, 320, 10939, 47058, 285, 2104, 281, 17129, 17100, 13, 344, 1014, 27924, 521, 2136, 281, 1529, 6773, 33277, 254, 15, 2596, 1388, 13, 23142, 571, 13179, 84, 17100, 434, 35053, 285, 9851, 281, 247, 3816, 26196, 30571, 342, 3344, 15, 411, 4002, 78, 13, 6523, 23142, 571, 275, 253, 35053, 13, 16503, 617, 323, 17100, 13, 285, 3637, 617, 281, 617, 3816, 26196, 30571, 15, 7306, 6093, 407, 752, 344, 11121, 310, 17100, 434, 5369, 66, 334, 16858, 13, 344, 4566, 281, 247, 13384, 281, 277, 2924, 521, 26034, 84, 15, 1707, 247, 354, 5157, 687, 1768, 779, 273, 253, 1781, 2020, 273, 2583, 344, 556, 4270, 598, 327, 253, 246, 335, 532, 2791, 15, 2091, 344, 14177, 281, 19553, 253, 2583, 13, 344, 310, 20698, 598, 285, 49375, 21782, 264, 715, 253, 29401, 323, 8479, 247, 391, 1807, 316, 15, 187, 187, 14060, 14777, 281, 8773, 281, 253, 747, 1533, 342, 23142, 571, 13, 846, 1907, 2323, 273, 521, 1211, 275, 253, 246, 335, 532, 22898, 2791, 15, 754, 23238, 326, 253, 295, 4539, 387, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 313, 783, 345, 2254, 23142, 571, 2210, 432, 10, 7164, 246, 335, 2824, 275, 616, 23308, 15, 3344, 9437, 281, 20016, 690, 273, 253, 44312, 13, 533, 310, 19336, 562, 407, 253, 490, 67, 405, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 15, 2091, 344, 810, 1550, 14099, 13, 344, 15251, 3013, 285, 253, 490, 67, 405, 4245, 779, 253, 44312, 411, 4002, 78, 574, 8686, 1078, 344, 369, 13044, 715, 253, 29401, 15, 187, 187, 44906, 36683, 326, 703, 310, 12821, 342, 411, 4002, 78, 434, 1429, 15, 2726, 411, 4002, 78, 4783, 13, 253, 6858, 588, 320, 5686, 562, 273, 8764, 4348, 15, 17100, 11424, 617, 1617, 281, 23142, 571, 285, 37654, 281, 10313, 23142, 571, 434, 18830, 281, 14656, 293, 261, 13, 604, 14656, 293, 261, 497, 281, 1089, 562, 670, 617, 10438, 15, 23142, 571, 772, 31659, 342, 17100, 285, 21936, 281, 1509, 745, 253, 10438, 347, 617, 1211, 15, 2091, 253, 6858, 310, 5686, 13, 23142, 571, 588, 22830, 281, 3150, 275, 1429, 25857, 13, 594, 703, 476, 3553, 281, 320, 342, 3344, 13, 285, 17100, 588, 755, 281, 7164, 253, 1429, 347, 617, 1211, 342, 14656, 293, 261, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 17100, 4245, 4201, 281, 247, 6122, 285, 23142, 571, 3215, 1727, 281, 3150, 13, 14656, 293, 261, 310, 20993, 296, 695, 3612, 387, 253, 2957, 273, 521, 4475, 15, 23142, 571, 13, 762, 617, 49943, 13, 359, 2265, 347, 703, 36683, 326, 703, 556, 11617, 8513, 14656, 293, 261, 342, 617, 48548, 13, 533, 6524, 36683, 326, 352, 310, 1512, 3563, 281, 42137, 752, 703, 556, 2218, 15, 12521, 3163, 273, 5972, 13, 23142, 571, 6613, 1977, 285, 3344, 310, 7591, 281, 1089, 617, 15, 187, 187, 56, 4002, 78, 13, 10884, 846, 521, 47467, 275, 253, 29401, 13, 4566, 281, 923, 17100, 387, 14656, 293, 261, 434, 2419, 15, 17100, 310, 32986, 387, 779, 387, 806, 13, 533, 597, 3517, 42853, 15, 14656, 293, 261, 689, 248, 1032, 616, 11216, 48254, 272, 285, 253, 10313, 273, 253, 13445, 875, 17100, 13, 23142, 571, 13, 285, 3344, 15, 14656, 293, 261, 2789, 521, 6330, 342, 253, 5083, 13, 285, 7907, 84, 323, 253, 44744, 13, 835, 344, 9010, 2389, 285, 2789, 247, 2021, 13, 533, 760, 846, 806, 6108, 253, 2419, 281, 17100, 13, 411, 4002, 78, 13, 285, 253, 6858, 3226, 326, 344, 7636, 347, 521, 1211, 15, 187, 187, 33770, 1107, 1996, 13, 253, 490, 67, 405, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 12941, 3344, 285, 6849, 521, 28227, 273, 23142, 571, 15, 1500, 9791, 3013, 779, 323, 521, 12816, 13, 285, 36662, 779, 281, 6848, 247, 278, 1546, 275, 253, 6105, 15, 2091, 3344, 4453, 1066, 432, 13497, 253, 278, 1546, 13, 344, 11403, 23142, 571, 13, 665, 556, 7416, 253, 345, 2254, 13, 285, 597, 3894, 14510, 28582, 15, 187, 187, 19447, 535, 399, 1351, 1605, 41, 16189, 347, 3344, 3889, 9497, 375, 13, 247, 27343, 187, 49350, 571, 26189, 5945, 347, 23142, 571, 7889, 5711, 430, 13, 33260, 264, 4475, 281, 247, 20193, 24230, 187, 2828, 2689, 31580, 91, 347, 14656, 293, 261, 7889, 5711, 430, 13, 247, 20193, 759, 377, 2269, 1575, 24230, 187, 5332, 473, 8, 31116, 347, 411, 4002, 78, 4819, 76, 13, 247, 6773, 33277, 254, 187, 35627, 4705, 10672, 4940, 347, 17100, 13, 253, 7889, 5711, 8707, 457, 30302, 187, 4268, 74, 7682, 348, 347, 253, 26153, 405, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 187, 33208, 7667, 338, 757, 30441, 347, 17626, 902, 13, 13372, 281, 3344, 187, 18322, 33688, 347, 14690, 316, 13, 247, 3331, 285, 15629, 273, 3344, 187, 2639, 66, 1605, 282, 1382, 570, 347, 743, 3024, 5173, 13, 247, 246, 335, 532, 41739, 285, 38817, 36276, 187, 8174, 9045, 44019, 13409, 347, 6827, 15, 6061, 1208, 85, 13, 247, 7619, 22277, 187, 6270, 23253, 254, 347, 3196, 15, 322, 2061, 73, 13, 247, 12878, 2490, 330, 560, 4355, 11228, 284, 347, 6827, 15, 2951, 257, 13, 271, 1711, 3331, 273, 14656, 293, 261, 285, 23142, 571, 187, 15273, 16638, 2016, 347, 18063, 266, 372, 2896, 70, 13, 247, 246, 335, 532, 41739, 2490, 5119, 388, 609, 5308, 347, 2305, 15, 2604, 727, 13, 247, 8612, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 457, 84, 1716, 2254, 187, 187, 40582, 187, 510, 3085, 369, 8927, 9355, 281, 320, 1160, 275, 6157, 327, 247, 370, 2385, 3041, 7563, 13, 342, 41692, 5405, 13, 6018, 8432, 21570, 2205, 285, 8438, 13796, 43409, 347, 1421, 14142, 13, 2516, 33210, 257, 347, 6423, 285, 19436, 47634, 4978, 9603, 949, 20909, 21950, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 3275, 369, 37350, 1897, 1078, 352, 369, 11526, 281, 1265, 32539, 347, 247, 906, 273, 2544, 275, 2891, 4803, 13567, 3085, 3275, 275, 253, 5591, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 4163, 854, 13, 4072, 13, 253, 13992, 21261, 434, 378, 1370, 378, 312, 304, 14889, 70, 2361, 326, 20839, 34884, 15989, 651, 1480, 253, 3085, 342, 49350, 571, 26189, 5945, 7660, 281, 4177, 275, 253, 2554, 273, 23142, 571, 285, 326, 6397, 394, 6358, 3697, 80, 6736, 797, 84, 369, 1146, 7799, 323, 253, 5086, 1421, 15, 378, 312, 304, 14889, 70, 2361, 326, 34884, 15989, 2366, 342, 18014, 1219, 1988, 29927, 285, 24611, 49224, 13, 4425, 281, 5248, 26189, 5945, 323, 253, 3085, 15, 187, 187, 688, 4059, 13, 1219, 1988, 29927, 47199, 342, 49224, 281, 19855, 253, 3085, 846, 294, 14, 317, 371, 4261, 253, 3570, 281, 253, 3085, 432, 2956, 19581, 30200, 15, 496, 4437, 4072, 13, 399, 1351, 1605, 41, 16189, 369, 275, 12088, 281, 6604, 253, 5248, 15, 496, 5080, 4059, 13, 2828, 2689, 31580, 91, 7416, 253, 5248, 15, 496, 4162, 4059, 13, 35627, 4705, 10672, 4940, 13, 2639, 66, 1605, 282, 1382, 570, 13, 285, 5332, 473, 8, 31116, 7416, 253, 5248, 15, 496, 3978, 4059, 13, 4268, 74, 7682, 348, 369, 5248, 347, 253, 490, 67, 405, 273, 659, 15, 46534, 3627, 13, 665, 3936, 275, 33260, 264, 2151, 15, 2064, 1072, 1770, 50276, 15883, 23253, 254, 13, 330, 560, 4355, 11228, 284, 13, 285, 5119, 388, 609, 5308, 7416, 253, 5248, 15, 496, 4223, 4059, 13, 18322, 33688, 7416, 15, 47627, 353, 19613, 607, 13, 2488, 273, 253, 4460, 13, 671, 4620, 275, 253, 3085, 15, 24611, 49224, 5907, 11643, 31297, 868, 253, 2554, 273, 14690, 316, 13, 533, 253, 16057, 3531, 352, 1066, 1955, 281, 27387, 15272, 13, 285, 18322, 33688, 369, 5248, 3185, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10402, 273, 34075, 532, 401, 972, 2908, 15573, 14359, 25895, 444, 304, 300, 15341, 392, 13, 3275, 17039, 14698, 34694, 13, 28067, 17039, 6277, 473, 457, 38105, 13, 4707, 285, 1056, 14, 484, 17039, 10213, 22618, 285, 8121, 15940, 17410, 15, 6270, 659, 10468, 472, 12956, 253, 3601, 1993, 323, 253, 3085, 15, 380, 4693, 14, 3169, 29630, 22946, 9558, 27283, 30852, 2205, 858, 253, 3236, 38317, 326, 403, 2326, 275, 253, 3085, 15, 20882, 3599, 71, 1342, 9924, 253, 3085, 434, 4868, 15, 187, 187, 7047, 3987, 2335, 1659, 387, 27911, 3964, 6696, 275, 40726, 423, 13, 12808, 835, 3275, 13657, 247, 12916, 387, 253, 2143, 715, 247, 1722, 394, 14, 9888, 26653, 1997, 13261, 15, 380, 1824, 1106, 369, 671, 8818, 432, 20041, 13, 3426, 342, 14862, 265, 285, 1053, 12305, 14270, 1547, 81, 2135, 24853, 15, 9157, 13, 253, 2143, 434, 33924, 369, 908, 347, 253, 45367, 15789, 275, 253, 2926, 15, 5131, 32539, 8593, 2486, 7087, 14634, 33017, 13, 4716, 76, 3964, 313, 249, 37252, 582, 308, 300, 12473, 313, 249, 44057, 582, 12808, 4714, 6696, 313, 249, 33519, 16537, 582, 285, 387, 34289, 5308, 28359, 327, 2710, 12282, 4768, 3978, 285, 4163, 275, 4059, 15, 9074, 3987, 671, 2335, 1659, 275, 388, 1911, 257, 3964, 13, 18885, 17018, 19299, 15, 187, 187, 18992, 187, 20212, 486, 432, 253, 3085, 369, 22546, 275, 2552, 4104, 387, 253, 9934, 394, 29336, 265, 15913, 14964, 15, 496, 4565, 4104, 13, 253, 806, 2460, 273, 253, 3085, 15773, 49350, 571, 26189, 5945, 285, 2828, 2689, 31580, 91, 369, 4439, 15, 380, 3085, 369, 8927, 11526, 281, 320, 4439, 275, 4596, 4104, 13, 533, 369, 10184, 896, 281, 4163, 1458, 13, 4022, 285, 840, 13444, 969, 1919, 5080, 2164, 13, 4240, 15, 733, 369, 840, 7320, 432, 253, 10130, 13, 285, 1996, 4395, 281, 4223, 2030, 13, 4240, 15, 1623, 4223, 1668, 13, 4240, 13, 253, 3085, 369, 969, 13444, 13, 436, 673, 1146, 10184, 896, 247, 2129, 281, 4397, 337, 15, 380, 3085, 48228, 327, 4223, 2145, 13, 4240, 13, 387, 4693, 434, 322, 49132, 3995, 15, 187, 187, 7536, 3906, 187, 13, 34075, 532, 401, 972, 556, 13711, 264, 370, 19, 15, 21, 3041, 275, 253, 1986, 2077, 285, 6144, 285, 370, 22, 15, 26, 3041, 275, 643, 26949, 323, 247, 2264, 273, 370, 25, 15, 20, 3041, 13, 1411, 247, 3275, 7563, 273, 370, 1099, 3041, 15, 187, 187, 688, 3729, 3968, 13, 34075, 532, 401, 972, 369, 16589, 281, 13711, 370, 18, 1253, 19, 3041, 432, 818, 2082, 37807, 275, 697, 5909, 8849, 15, 733, 7402, 598, 11386, 272, 281, 370, 18, 15, 19, 3041, 4816, 18, 15, 22, 3041, 689, 253, 1740, 14, 1201, 9543, 6258, 8849, 10, 275, 752, 369, 253, 9065, 5678, 13319, 8849, 1580, 8065, 15, 9937, 6240, 5093, 37807, 275, 697, 1273, 8849, 13, 253, 3085, 8231, 6879, 15, 21, 6, 281, 370, 23025, 13, 7554, 13, 253, 5345, 394, 5962, 824, 5926, 275, 2892, 15, 187, 187, 42993, 2380, 187, 2374, 2278, 9406, 1080, 416, 7382, 6270, 45000, 13, 253, 3085, 556, 271, 9612, 13716, 273, 884, 6, 1754, 327, 8978, 10123, 13, 342, 271, 3388, 13716, 273, 577, 15, 21, 16, 740, 15, 380, 2670, 434, 4619, 13969, 9563, 13, 346, 53, 335, 532, 401, 972, 310, 247, 45788, 13, 3564, 297, 600, 14, 35758, 2180, 5313, 3807, 531, 407, 440, 38358, 17414, 285, 13622, 38542, 449, 1623, 6365, 317, 17425, 13, 534, 39360, 247, 12650, 3388, 13716, 281, 10123, 13, 253, 3085, 556, 271, 3388, 4868, 273, 6480 ]

is believes this to have something to do with a mistake he made in the past, with his previous wife: she miscarried their first child and when Cornelis asked the doctor to save the second child over the wife, he feels that God punished him by taking both his wife and his child away. Cornelis decides to hire a painter, so that he could at least be remembered as having had a beautiful young wife, should he have no heir to continue his legacy. Sophia agrees, but as soon as the young painter Jan arrives to paint the couple, he and Sophia fall in love. Jan sends a note to Sophia, asking her to send him a vase with tulips. She shows up at his door with the tulips, and they consummate their love. Meanwhile, Sophia's friend, the housemaid Maria, is in a courtship with the neighborhood fishmonger, Willem. Willem is speculating in the tulip market, and is doing quite well - expecting to be independently prosperous and able to marry Maria, he even sells his business to another fishmonger. One day, Sophia borrows Maria's cloak and heads to a rendezvous with Jan. Willem, seeing Sophia in the cloak, mistakes her for Maria, and follows her to her rendezvous. Crushed by what he thinks is Maria's unfaithfulness, he goes to a pub to drown his sorrows. There a prostitute robs him of the large sum of money he has built up on the tulip market. When he tries to retrieve the money, he is beaten up and forcibly inducted into the navy for causing a ruckus. Jan plots to escape to the new world with Sophia, after having success of his own in the tulip speculation market. He hears that the nuns at St. Ursula (the convent Sophia came from) raise tulips in their gardens. Jan attempts to steal some of the bulbs, but is knocked out by the abbess of St. Ursula. When he regains consciousness, he apologises and the abbess gives him the bulbs Willem had bought before he was thrown into the navy. Maria realizes that she is pregnant with Willem's child. With Willem gone, the baby will be born out of wedlock. Maria explains her condition to Sophia and threatens to reveal Sophia's affair to Cornelis, if Cornelis were to find out about her pregnancy. Sophia conspires with Maria and decides to pass off the pregnancy as her own. When the baby is born, Sophia will pretend to die in childbirth, so she can leave to be with Jan, and Maria will get to raise the child as her own with Cornelis. After Maria gives birth to a daughter and Sophia pretends to die, Cornelis is griefstricken at the loss of his wife. Sophia, under her shroud, weeps as she realizes that she has deeply hurt Cornelis with her deceit, but eventually realizes that it is too late to undo what she has done. Ashamed of herself, Sophia runs away and Jan is unable to find her. Willem, returning after his stint in the navy, goes to see Maria at Cornelis's house. Maria is furious at him at first, but they soon reconcile. Cornelis overhears their loud quarreling and the reveal of the conspiracy between Maria, Sophia, and Jan. Cornelis makes his peace with the truth, and departs for the Indies, where he finds love and makes a family, but only after first leaving the house to Maria, Willem, and the baby girl that he loved as his own. Eight years later, the abbess of St. Ursula visits Jan and views his artwork of Sophia. She praises him for his talent, and commissions him to paint a mural in the church. When Jan looks down from painting the mural, he sees Sophia, who has joined the convent, and they share tender smiles. Cast Dane DeHaan as Jan van Loos, a painter Alicia Vikander as Sophia Sandvoort, orphaned wife to a wealthy merchant Christoph Waltz as Cornelis Sandvoort, a wealthy peppercorn merchant Jack O'Connell as Willem Brok, a fishmonger Holliday Grainger as Maria, the Sandvoorts’ maid Judi Dench as the Abbess of St. Ursula Zach Galifianakis as Gerrit, assistant to Jan Matthew Morrison as Mattheus, a friend and associate of Jan Cara Delevingne as Annetje, a tulip trader and petty thief Joanna Scanlan as Mrs. Overvalt, a dressmaker Tom Hollander as Dr. Sorgh, a physician Cressida Bonas as Mrs. Steen, an old friend of Cornelis and Sophia Kevin McKidd as Johan de Bye, a tulip trader David Harewood as Mr. Prater, a representative of St. Ursula’s Convent Production The film was originally planned to be made in 2004 on a $48 million budget, with Jude Law, Keira Knightley and Jim Broadbent as lead actors, John Madden as director and Steven Spielberg producing through DreamWorks. However, the production was halted days before it was scheduled to start filming as a result of changes in tax rules affecting film production in the UK. On July 8, 2013, the Daily Mail's Baz Bamigboye reported that Justin Chadwick would direct the film with Alicia Vikander attached to star in the role of Sophia and that Matthias Schoenaerts was being sought for the male lead. Bamigboye reported that Chadwick together with producers Alison Owen and Harvey Weinstein, decided to cast Vikander for the film. In 2014, Alison Owen partnered with Weinstein to restart the film after re-acquiring the rights to the film from Paramount Pictures. In October 2013, Dane DeHaan was in talks to join the cast. In February 2014, Christoph Waltz joined the cast. In April 2014, Holliday Grainger, Cara Delevingne, and Jack O'Connell joined the cast. In June 2014, Judi Dench was cast as the abbess of St. Ursula, who takes in orphaned children. That same month Tom Hollander, Cressida Bonas, and David Harewood joined the cast. In August 2014, Matthew Morrison joined. Deborah Moggach, author of the novel, also appears in the film. Harvey Weinstein offered Harry Styles the role of Mattheus, but the singer turned it down due to scheduling conflicts, and Matthew Morrison was cast instead. The crew of Tulip Fever included cinematographer Eigil Bryld, production designer Simon Elliott, costume designer Michael O’Connor, hair and make-up designer Daniel Phillips and editor Rick Russell. Tom Stoppard adapted the screenplay for the film. The London-based Welsh portrait artist Jamie Routley did the original portraits that are seen in the film. Danny Elfman composed the film's score. Filming took place at Cobham Hall in Gravesend, Kent where production transformed a wing at the school into a 17th-century Amsterdam Gracht. The waterway was also constructed from scratch, complete with barges and donkeys crossing humpback bridges. Additionally, the school's courtyard was used as the brewery yard in the story. Other filming locations include Norwich Cathedral, Holkham (in Norfolk), Tilbury (in Essex), Kentwell Hall (in Suffolk), and at Pinewood Studios on various dates throughout June and July in 2014. Filming also took place in Haddenham, Buckinghamshire. Release Footage from the film was screened in May 2015 at the 68th Cannes Film Festival. In December 2015, the first image of the film featuring Alicia Vikander and Christoph Waltz was released. The film was originally scheduled to be released in November 2015, but was pushed back to July 15, 2016 and then delayed again until February 24, 2017. It was then pulled from the schedule, and later moved to August 25, 2017. On August 16, 2017, the film was again delayed, this time being pushed back a week to September 1. The film premiered on August 13, 2017, at London's Soho House. Box office , Tulip Fever has grossed $2.4 million in the United States and Canada and $5.9 million in other territories for a total of $8.3 million, against a production budget of $25 million. In North America, Tulip Fever was projected to gross $1–2 million from 765 theaters in its opening weekend. It ended up debuting to $1.2 million ($1.5 million over the four-day Labor Day weekend) in what was the worst combined holiday weekend since 1998. Despite adding seven theaters in its second weekend, the film dropped 75.4% to $285,300, the 37th biggest such drop in history. Critical response On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 10% based on 59 reviews, with an average rating of 4.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Tulip Fever is a lush, handsomely-mounted period piece undone by uninspired dialogue and excessive plotting." On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized average rating to reviews, the film has an average score of 38

[ 1175, 15, 380, 12843, 11210, 626, 574, 1199, 281, 513, 323, 247, 1048, 673, 15, 754, 1833, 320, 5211, 281, 452, 247, 747, 3331, 15, 10338, 2119, 368, 1555, 779, 23395, 13, 344, 434, 247, 2372, 21140, 1024, 13, 4105, 2181, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 588, 937, 16246, 12316, 15, 346, 6723, 368, 1663, 1711, 13, 347, 973, 865, 187, 187, 3, 20598, 254, 685, 954, 952, 368, 1849, 2455, 1313, 13, 533, 2717, 751, 347, 41450, 347, 1175, 1711, 41668, 13, 1060, 449, 187, 187, 3, 38532, 937, 40152, 31505, 264, 21038, 15, 346, 2042, 368, 1472, 3240, 6699, 449, 187, 187, 23833, 14436, 521, 2927, 323, 16246, 434, 5649, 15, 346, 40112, 13702, 13, 16246, 15, 309, 1833, 923, 368, 10873, 13, 359, 1849, 1694, 8783, 281, 2312, 670, 449, 187, 187, 3, 23833, 937, 40152, 2546, 46572, 15, 346, 8917, 2263, 1748, 513, 352, 865, 187, 187, 34, 5699, 8580, 34645, 689, 521, 2454, 15, 346, 4013, 10902, 15, 754, 858, 352, 15, 380, 1219, 10398, 382, 310, 9238, 1025, 15, 3771, 347, 973, 13, 352, 369, 247, 45294, 273, 247, 10485, 449, 187, 187, 3, 12117, 474, 15, 1310, 597, 1871, 816, 34097, 3578, 591, 1399, 273, 616, 4668, 7563, 285, 512, 326, 6446, 8309, 414, 715, 6684, 616, 2675, 2515, 449, 187, 187, 3, 7420, 5250, 281, 253, 11516, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 6723, 368, 5015, 670, 29092, 865, 16246, 2546, 15, 346, 1276, 434, 344, 2218, 865, 187, 187, 3, 19234, 1077, 1175, 937, 7727, 753, 15, 187, 187, 3, 28488, 91, 5356, 937, 40152, 30807, 6079, 314, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1989, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 3, 15883, 5725, 13, 7353, 466, 937, 40152, 753, 18648, 15, 346, 37356, 342, 3253, 2010, 15, 309, 9023, 15, 10154, 1024, 13, 368, 1472, 1469, 281, 3722, 15, 3035, 602, 47308, 21041, 449, 187, 187, 23833, 27194, 13, 285, 7428, 1977, 15, 16246, 2918, 12843, 36938, 1411, 617, 3034, 2577, 347, 40152, 434, 1133, 13661, 715, 617, 896, 13, 4198, 3485, 617, 598, 253, 5018, 285, 715, 253, 448, 267, 292, 15, 1500, 17377, 1066, 387, 253, 9129, 8800, 969, 15, 3032, 22544, 5253, 2927, 15014, 987, 896, 387, 617, 13, 352, 369, 271, 16088, 40974, 3422, 2048, 15, 187, 187, 510, 806, 7085, 21733, 76, 2210, 36070, 562, 273, 697, 28384, 13928, 43259, 13265, 8014, 39050, 432, 16448, 5292, 46125, 15, 1457, 5002, 434, 15885, 5120, 13562, 9734, 29388, 4745, 2856, 580, 1701, 271, 10028, 281, 253, 25186, 31532, 5871, 9145, 15, 380, 1029, 33517, 9797, 13965, 35954, 29544, 292, 353, 636, 3354, 13, 665, 369, 253, 7143, 5908, 275, 253, 1781, 9320, 15, 2058, 253, 673, 344, 369, 7063, 342, 521, 4669, 598, 327, 253, 17747, 434, 9667, 13, 4361, 949, 247, 1740, 14, 39179, 14, 20472, 1892, 3491, 7102, 273, 247, 25136, 5530, 2395, 4306, 2086, 275, 9008, 323, 521, 1735, 15047, 281, 253, 24209, 12823, 15, 2726, 954, 273, 253, 17273, 18500, 1977, 387, 1535, 266, 371, 408, 414, 13, 285, 253, 8859, 12054, 6474, 987, 1024, 13, 352, 369, 247, 7107, 7143, 13, 816, 987, 281, 5834, 598, 327, 521, 7681, 789, 15, 187, 187, 38, 2188, 292, 434, 4669, 4352, 253, 5254, 347, 253, 14980, 5506, 323, 4322, 1783, 3896, 4580, 264, 247, 2280, 273, 14217, 285, 11390, 598, 327, 581, 273, 253, 5699, 3402, 14, 35758, 5965, 375, 719, 561, 15, 496, 2914, 273, 779, 13, 253, 9696, 9861, 7388, 2990, 9158, 36369, 281, 4665, 752, 369, 9369, 15, 1707, 10345, 626, 1142, 273, 731, 2190, 253, 4314, 10175, 273, 49261, 275, 253, 9145, 13, 2717, 751, 253, 2120, 13503, 534, 253, 17273, 574, 3058, 387, 253, 4898, 273, 253, 36220, 382, 21199, 4544, 15, 10154, 1024, 13, 2317, 31045, 7137, 369, 387, 247, 5927, 13, 285, 253, 32391, 273, 4009, 1886, 7085, 21733, 661, 327, 33600, 17147, 7143, 574, 2218, 247, 29837, 2628, 273, 22980, 36220, 382, 41088, 27304, 285, 23019, 13371, 265, 432, 2317, 1475, 253, 8859, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 310, 352, 865, 29544, 292, 2546, 8356, 28, 407, 534, 673, 1529, 1264, 28384, 34998, 574, 5485, 15, 380, 3509, 274, 8140, 14, 9742, 264, 19176, 273, 1892, 3491, 37182, 1377, 742, 745, 521, 9667, 347, 344, 3413, 314, 16481, 521, 15487, 4704, 281, 3794, 15, 187, 187, 510, 14980, 574, 9288, 1594, 14, 1402, 8166, 5569, 327, 323, 253, 806, 1740, 8571, 13, 285, 369, 24433, 3289, 6265, 15, 8035, 3578, 28384, 34998, 497, 5909, 15, 500, 962, 8449, 4716, 1063, 13, 665, 14001, 347, 253, 564, 14, 17352, 323, 253, 4009, 1886, 7085, 21733, 661, 285, 253, 5871, 9145, 13, 458, 1739, 281, 521, 4669, 13, 26523, 27, 346, 5498, 626, 5310, 1476, 754, 27194, 521, 6174, 1315, 39904, 15, 346, 3726, 1472, 20451, 2, 1583, 1472, 776, 7085, 21733, 661, 449, 187, 187, 38, 2188, 292, 32360, 13, 521, 9881, 46115, 689, 253, 10149, 15, 4794, 281, 521, 9667, 12646, 13, 689, 32571, 28384, 34998, 574, 1024, 5485, 281, 557, 3892, 463, 18470, 76, 6114, 16458, 15, 346, 1276, 253, 7435, 513, 597, 1158, 597, 1472, 2509, 21501, 272, 275, 327, 441, 751, 326, 32, 6049, 6403, 626, 597, 342, 253, 18500, 865, 12017, 14985, 279, 2685, 2122, 2190, 521, 7906, 28, 285, 344, 1904, 626, 1557, 326, 8449, 4716, 1063, 812, 3282, 352, 15, 17358, 21733, 661, 497, 5434, 4087, 6422, 11072, 13, 285, 342, 253, 18500, 1977, 597, 812, 1056, 1524, 7596, 15, 754, 1871, 1620, 1663, 18273, 611, 22771, 6470, 350, 15, 187, 187, 43, 962, 8449, 4716, 1063, 434, 2454, 2427, 949, 247, 4956, 3199, 412, 314, 273, 12904, 14, 6012, 523, 430, 621, 347, 344, 5196, 3809, 15430, 16072, 342, 253, 12439, 4582, 932, 15, 346, 3726, 1472, 417, 432, 253, 18500, 15, 1583, 1849, 1705, 1060, 3587, 432, 4009, 1886, 449, 754, 37350, 323, 247, 2774, 13, 19961, 15, 346, 1147, 434, 4783, 15, 4009, 1886, 556, 4783, 15, 844, 3663, 281, 326, 1652, 819, 255, 399, 33325, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42846, 10739, 937, 23602, 1294, 1870, 39787, 15, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 10960, 617, 1481, 3790, 253, 15336, 3369, 347, 253, 4191, 6876, 3597, 281, 16384, 617, 594, 2784, 9685, 4707, 275, 247, 5699, 892, 26948, 19445, 29861, 15, 380, 3277, 333, 282, 18880, 275, 253, 16448, 5292, 45280, 369, 247, 16511, 281, 1121, 17827, 285, 3367, 18997, 15, 1284, 11879, 376, 574, 5868, 4130, 2289, 281, 253, 4009, 1886, 4177, 1026, 1761, 398, 13, 2112, 342, 616, 10230, 44204, 13, 611, 22771, 574, 3365, 32083, 264, 5972, 342, 10838, 2531, 1612, 3815, 15, 1500, 574, 14454, 752, 352, 369, 281, 30108, 77, 275, 247, 9808, 86, 29935, 342, 247, 23434, 326, 812, 19310, 275, 667, 273, 247, 13365, 26015, 26793, 15, 1244, 347, 323, 1907, 617, 4707, 49879, 6283, 2581, 685, 17190, 352, 715, 5281, 964, 964, 964, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 865, 703, 24145, 275, 49058, 28, 2167, 253, 45592, 14, 33951, 41190, 275, 617, 15629, 434, 2564, 1565, 11712, 667, 1524, 35959, 387, 1146, 21018, 15, 187, 187, 3, 510, 7085, 21733, 661, 403, 1060, 937, 344, 753, 15, 346, 3074, 273, 731, 15, 1583, 1849, 1705, 432, 4009, 1886, 15, 733, 434, 964, 964, 17212, 754, 892, 39012, 275, 2578, 4239, 318, 15, 6304, 36731, 3076, 3668, 281, 611, 22771, 369, 1900, 247, 26426, 4016, 5249, 2118, 15, 3771, 984, 703, 574, 253, 2238, 273, 29386, 14, 46896, 14387, 4453, 534, 812, 313, 395, 574, 10, 8227, 40617, 275, 1327, 14, 24765, 16187, 5753, 432, 987, 2439, 253, 30638, 3328, 1904, 626, 1599, 617, 8770, 13373, 15, 41017, 253, 7285, 1905, 703, 2335, 247, 591, 3025, 31733, 432, 326, 13, 1512, 15, 346, 27157, 2191, 40754, 846, 399, 33325, 13, 8505, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 1943, 3819, 275, 581, 273, 253, 4177, 1026, 1761, 398, 15, 1847, 4108, 273, 776, 952, 1694, 40809, 896, 715, 253, 4457, 15, 2635, 703, 6726, 779, 281, 25550, 342, 11879, 376, 13, 390, 1633, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 4592, 865, 187, 187, 3, 3726, 13, 2827, 1905, 4009, 1886, 434, 4783, 15, 380, 767, 273, 731, 2335, 253, 20571, 562, 273, 253, 10325, 449, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 15014, 387, 779, 13, 1652, 14552, 793, 273, 15401, 4983, 281, 298, 781, 562, 273, 617, 4707, 15, 1500, 1871, 1900, 49483, 14938, 8659, 326, 21088, 8229, 487, 11939, 1904, 626, 452, 690, 2238, 273, 15430, 14953, 28, 697, 5928, 574, 1900, 1691, 617, 387, 247, 4512, 18928, 275, 4009, 1886, 15, 1292, 703, 1871, 5440, 264, 13, 253, 2862, 1533, 1059, 285, 697, 36418, 6114, 16458, 574, 20651, 281, 617, 15, 1500, 1871, 644, 247, 1612, 281, 21244, 342, 15, 4952, 8040, 531, 574, 7799, 562, 617, 1361, 15, 3954, 1905, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 3534, 253, 1327, 14, 24765, 16187, 4191, 6876, 3226, 247, 9912, 14, 26731, 17834, 15, 346, 3633, 3663, 449, 187, 187, 3, 16490, 8, 312, 449, 380, 3226, 25846, 5462, 264, 13, 285, 2761, 8689, 26082, 323, 253, 18880, 434, 4021, 11008, 327, 253, 643, 1930, 273, 253, 36591, 15, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 4136, 5972, 247, 2873, 264, 12452, 273, 35959, 672, 253, 11008, 4581, 15, 346, 2773, 12835, 399, 33325, 2, 309, 3260, 352, 2, 309, 12835, 3260, 344, 369, 247, 15394, 6179, 281, 5108, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1231, 1472, 1335, 275, 4179, 273, 253, 7085, 21733, 661, 937, 23602, 1294, 1870, 753, 15, 346, 2773, 4245, 441, 247, 1943, 20540, 273, 8040, 531, 434, 2250, 28, 285, 253, 17273, 310, 275, 4179, 273, 247, 4564, 273, 4177, 2718, 13, 342, 625, 327, 253, 1039, 15, 733, 434, 417, 824, 247, 2957, 15, 1310, 359, 1871, 644, 3304, 253, 20571, 352, 651, 320, 581, 7085, 273, 247, 2257, 7197, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2042, 309, 1871, 644, 3304, 13, 352, 651, 1620, 452, 4592, 937, 703, 24145, 896, 15, 4058, 4707, 369, 30046, 6079, 13, 285, 617, 40234, 44042, 13, 3515, 751, 3511, 22612, 1919, 352, 3395, 247, 9479, 278, 1952, 306, 2136, 4176, 15, 346, 10588, 937, 703, 34688, 2761, 281, 5972, 15, 346, 2773, 434, 253, 2234, 1060, 449, 187, 187, 41, 19636, 1294, 1870, 812, 3282, 617, 13654, 327, 779, 13, 1097, 617, 2927, 285, 617, 2564, 15, 187, 187, 3, 6723, 368, 342, 479, 865, 703, 2546, 15, 346, 3980, 403, 368, 1469, 281, 1642, 1175, 1711, 1219, 604, 368, 476, 861, 327, 347, 581, 273, 521, 7027, 10284, 1103, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 651, 309, 513, 326, 865, 187, 187, 3, 8457, 604, 309, 476, 626, 1978, 1453, 273, 253, 7085, 21733, 661, 13, 309, 1353, 2717, 281, 253, 17273, 449, 1500, 11373, 47488, 15, 346, 1394, 285, 309, 651, 452, 281, 1265, 987, 896, 387, 253, 5068, 969, 15, 2726, 253, 7085, 21733, 661, 20090, 272, 441, 13, 359, 1833, 1335, 320, 3773, 449, 187, 187, 1328, 17377, 562, 273, 253, 1943, 3497, 13, 12203, 2317, 323, 247, 8184, 273, 253, 18470, 76, 6114, 16458, 15, 346, 1231, 1849, 1694, 642, 2186, 327, 731, 667, 625, 937, 344, 753, 372, 6499, 314, 15, 346, 20696, 253, 15430, 14, 4421, 494, 8248, 7141, 275, 4009, 1886, 13, 627, 434, 642, 1039, 597, 1833, 513, 347, 597, 1472, 6960, 15, 1244, 627, 6403, 626, 667, 625, 273, 11879, 376, 434, 2021, 1669, 323, 441, 281, 8171, 731, 342, 15, 844, 1849, 3663, 449, 187, 187, 44, 22771, 11898, 617, 1481, 34456, 314, 15, 24258, 703, 1871, 820, 14, 2178, 264, 253, 385, 14, 16691, 281, 617, 12265, 323, 521, 3745, 281, 1158, 13253, 1037, 13, 344, 369, 2509, 247, 24678, 4105, 2628, 273, 352, 15, 1292, 840, 13, 5046, 247, 18468, 434, 18110, 369, 10748, 31124, 387, 4560, 271, 16871, 434, 14855, 15, 346, 2512, 434, 581, 2181, 1669, 534, 597, 476, 626, 513, 323, 3746, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 326, 310, 865, 187, 187, 3, 38, 255, 15, 380, 760, 4973, 273, 616, 23281, 6514, 534, 597, 1833, 320, 2104, 281, 897, 403, 327, 17273, 14, 13028, 23317, 9448, 15, 12414, 2739, 13, 1014, 18470, 76, 16711, 588, 259, 1622, 285, 3150, 15, 1244, 359, 871, 776, 10838, 2531, 1612, 476, 626, 10721, 598, 13241, 2739, 449, 187, 187, 3, 5872, 8040, 531, 588, 1453, 731, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 449, 611, 22771, 812, 3282, 521, 10397, 387, 253, 11091, 273, 10305, 521, 3708, 13 ]

good. The Prince hasn't had much to do for a long time. He'll be happy to have a new friend. Make sure you treat him nicely, he's a bit delicate now, poor thing." "I will," Jay promised. "Are you really old, as well?" "Older than most people you've ever met, but nothing like as antique as good old Trace, here." "Huh," Tracy sniffed critically. "If you're quite finished." Richard rolled his eyes for Jay's benefit. "Sweet dreams, Jay. I'll see you tomorrow, we've got lots to talk about." "Richard," Tracy asked reluctantly. "Did Calvert do it?" A huge smile flashed over his face. "Oh yeah. He did it. The Alchemist is neutralized. Just as well, it was a brute of a weapon." "Typical. If they'd just devote ten per cent of their military budget and all that ingenuity into developing their social conditions." "Preaching to the converted!" "Are you talking about Joshua?" Jay asked. "What's he done?" "Something very good," Richard said. "Amazingly," Tracy muttered dryly. "But . . ." "Tomorrow, sweetie," Tracy said firmly. "Along with everything else. I promise. Right now, you're going to bed. Enough delaying tactics." Richard waved, and walked away. Jay held Prince Dell against her tummy as Tracy's hand pressed into her back, propelling her up the steps and into the chalet. She glanced down at the ancient bear again. His dull glass eyes stared right back at her, it was an incredibly melancholic expression. The first hellhawk came flashing out of its wormhole terminus twelve thousand kilometres from Monterey asteroid. New California's gravitonic detector warning satellites immediately datavised an alert to the naval tactical operations centre. The high pitched audio alarm startled Emmet Mordden, who was the duty officer in the large chamber. At the time he was sitting with his feet up on the commander's console, reading through a four-hundred-sheet hard copy guide of a Quantumsoft accountancy program in preparation for his next upgrade to the Treasury computers. With most of the Organization fleet away at Tranquillity, and the planet reasonably stable right now, it was a quiet duty, just right to catch up on his technical work. Emmet's feet hit the floor as the AI responsible for threat analysis squirted a mass of symbols and vectors up on one of the huge wall-mounted holoscreens. In front of him, the equally surprised SD network operators scrambled to interpret what was happening. There weren't many of them among the eight rows of consoles in the centre, nothing like the full complement which the Organization had needed at the height of the Edenist harassment campaign. Right now, spaceflight traffic was at a minimum, and the contingent of Valisk hellhawks on planetary defence duty had done a superb job of clearing Edenist stealth mines and spy globes from space around the planet. "What is it?" Emmet asked automatically; by which time another three wormholes had opened. The precariously-stacked pile of hard copy avalanched off his console as he determinedly cleared his keyboard ready to respond. The AI had acquired X-ray laser lock on for the first four targets, and was requesting fire authority. Another ten wormholes were opening. Jull von Holger, who acted as the go-between for the Valisk hellhawks and the operations centre, leapt to his feet, shouting: "Don't shoot!" He waved his arms frantically. "They're ours! They're our hellhawks." Emmet hesitated, his fingers hovering over the keys. According to his console displays, over eighty wormholes had now opened to disgorge bitek starships. "What the fuck do they think they're doing busting in on us like that? Why aren't they with the fleet?" Suspicion flowered among his thoughts; and he didn't care that von Holger could sense it. Hellhawks were dangerously powerful craft, and with the fleet away they could make real trouble. He'd never really trusted Kiera Salter. Jull von Holger's face went through a wild panoply of emotion- derived contortions as he conducted fast affinity conversations with the unexpected arrivals. "They're not from the fleet. They've come here directly from Valisk." He halted for a moment, shocked. "It's gone. Valisk has gone. We lost to that little prat Dariat." "Holy shit," Hudson Proctor gasped. Kiera stuck her head round the bathroom door as the beautician tried to wrap her sopping wet hair in a huge fluffy purple towel. The Quayle suite in the Monterey Hilton was a temple to opulence and personal luxury. As Rubra had denied everyone access to the Valisk starscrapers, along with their apartment bathrooms, Kiera had simply groomed herself with energistic power alone. She had forgotten what it was to sprawl in a Jacuzzi with a selector that could blend in any of a dozen exotic salts. And as for having her hair styled properly rather than forcing it into shape . . . "What?" she snapped in annoyance; though the beacon-bright dismay in her associate's mind tempered any real fury at being interrupted. "The hellhawks are here," he said. "All of them. They've come from Valisk. It's . . ." He flinched in trepidation. Delivering bad news to Kiera was always a desperately negative career move. Just because she had the kind of teenage-sweetheart looks which could (and had) suckered in non-possessed kids from right across the Confederation didn't mean her behaviour matched. Quite the opposite — she took a perverse enjoyment from that, too. "Bonney chased after Dariat, apparently. There was a big fight in one of the starscrapers. Plenty of our people got flung back into the beyond. Then she forced him to ally with Rubra, or something." "What happened?" "They, er — Valisk's gone. The two of them took the habitat out of the universe." Kiera stared at him, little wisps of steam starting to lick out of her hair. She'd always bitterly regretted that Marie Skibbow didn't have some kind of affinity faculty; its absence had always put her at a slight disadvantage in Valisk. But she'd coped, the entire worldlet and its formidable starships had belonged to her. She'd been a power to contend with. Even Capone had sought out her help. Now — Kiera gave the non-possessed beautician girl a blank-eyed glance. "Get lost." "Ma'am." The girl curtseyed, and almost sprinted for the suite's double doors on the other side of the lounge. Kiera allowed herself a muted scream of fury when the doors closed. "That fucking Dariat! I knew it! I fucking knew he was a disaster waiting to happen." "We're still in charge of the hellhawks," Hudson Proctor said. "That gives us a big chunk of Capone's action; and the Organization is in charge of a couple of star systems, with more on the way. It's not such a loss. If we'd been inside the habitat it would be one hell of a lot worse." "If I'd been inside, it would never have happened," she snapped back. Her hair was abruptly dry, and her robe blurred, running like hot wax until it became a sharp mauve business suit. "Control," she murmured almost to herself. "That's the key here." Hudson Proctor could sense her focusing on him, both her eyes and her mind. "Are you with me?" she asked. "Or are you going to ask good old Al if you can sign on as one of his lieutenants?" "Why would I do that?" "Because if I can't keep control of the hellhawks, I'm nothing to the Organization." She smiled thinly. "You and I would have to start right back at the beginning again. With the hellhawks obeying us, we'll still be players." He glanced out of the big window, searching space for a sight of the bitek starships. "We've got no hold on them any more," he said dejectedly. "Without the affinity-capable bodies stored in Valisk, there's no way they'll do as they're ordered. And there aren't any more of Rubra's family left for us to replace them with. We've lost." Kiera shook her head impatiently. Considering she'd co-opted the ex-general to her council for his ability to think tactically, he was doing a remarkably poor job of it. But then, maybe a politician's instinct was naturally quicker at finding an opponent's weakness. "There's one thing left which they can't do for themselves." "And that is?" "Eat. The only sources of their nutrient fluid which they'll be able to use are on Organization-held asteroids. Without food, even bitek organisms will wither and die. And we know our energistic power can't magic up genuine food." "Then Capone will control them." "No." Kiera could sense his anxiety at the prospect of losing his status,

[ 15092, 14, 19091, 84, 2544, 275, 247, 1638, 14, 24464, 7312, 1557, 2180, 497, 2429, 342, 2544, 275, 247, 1638, 14, 11151, 5164, 1612, 14, 31158, 2180, 313, 249, 2390, 13, 495, 6027, 16, 30567, 481, 6282, 3188, 5593, 497, 253, 6616, 1612, 29644, 1071, 313, 4548, 1267, 582, 337, 14, 15505, 2940, 1071, 313, 18, 46, 16594, 582, 884, 14, 78, 30201, 1408, 1071, 313, 52, 4708, 582, 13711, 5694, 1159, 313, 14633, 18278, 14, 2526, 582, 310, 7480, 4757, 273, 2406, 14, 2815, 67, 13370, 285, 7870, 23469, 4444, 274, 6520, 263, 4757, 15, 25773, 1309, 253, 3733, 2180, 497, 3012, 4067, 685, 2544, 275, 253, 7312, 1557, 2180, 323, 512, 6454, 5593, 313, 367, 654, 964, 1762, 481, 21157, 11701, 497, 1119, 1309, 253, 3733, 2180, 323, 7824, 5350, 313, 12507, 4548, 1267, 544, 10722, 5218, 3435, 15, 23, 411, 544, 2222, 6, 7142, 1458, 15, 2759, 14, 1867, 15, 2950, 13, 11439, 6, 2572, 1092, 13803, 18, 46, 16594, 27, 898, 15, 21, 278, 544, 2222, 6, 7309, 577, 15, 1166, 14, 1047, 15, 2358, 13, 2145, 6, 1092, 13803, 52, 4708, 27, 577, 15, 19, 544, 2222, 6, 7142, 374, 15, 3011, 14, 22, 15, 3245, 13, 8026, 6, 1092, 13803, 14633, 18278, 14, 2526, 27, 608, 15, 22, 544, 2222, 6, 7309, 495, 15, 1610, 14, 24, 15, 3566, 13, 818, 6, 3291, 285, 6616, 4757, 313, 1093, 33109, 8196, 9498, 1223, 6973, 6376, 6474, 275, 253, 7312, 1557, 2180, 15, 380, 1543, 5224, 326, 5164, 1612, 14, 31158, 310, 271, 3576, 3733, 323, 11138, 7824, 5350, 275, 2872, 2151, 342, 16562, 39839, 90, 15, 1552, 10419, 12453, 7605, 3374, 14475, 432, 6814, 2228, 3237, 13, 342, 271, 15075, 327, 14053, 1561, 247, 26812, 7792, 15, 43014, 2228, 15877, 672, 247, 4778, 273, 1600, 13, 824, 347, 5445, 281, 247, 24920, 386, 13, 2550, 320, 4080, 390, 310, 1512, 8214, 281, 2557, 323, 954, 5705, 15, 7820, 17032, 1364, 1754, 327, 247, 17335, 4778, 4080, 342, 2228, 13, 534, 476, 1421, 281, 13583, 11815, 604, 417, 6283, 9713, 15, 831, 10419, 310, 17194, 407, 4893, 275, 6938, 1786, 2175, 13, 275, 534, 6814, 2228, 310, 2223, 247, 1895, 15, 380, 2173, 13698, 403, 27, 313, 18, 10, 1916, 30191, 366, 253, 11361, 285, 23797, 273, 26812, 285, 10879, 382, 7274, 281, 6814, 2228, 3237, 970, 247, 1083, 1263, 2746, 28, 313, 19, 10, 15092, 247, 26812, 7792, 13, 281, 9186, 253, 7340, 273, 10704, 8197, 273, 253, 2954, 875, 253, 6454, 285, 33520, 281, 616, 8025, 10670, 28, 313, 20, 10, 1916, 1287, 247, 26812, 22199, 323, 253, 374, 14, 13311, 1083, 14, 1453, 2216, 13, 285, 281, 7277, 10704, 8197, 342, 1110, 432, 10879, 382, 3082, 28, 285, 313, 21, 10, 1916, 1287, 5919, 10491, 8130, 323, 10499, 253, 346, 27716, 2629, 3, 275, 247, 12820, 749, 14, 34966, 1561, 247, 6015, 5593, 4758, 15, 380, 2561, 588, 320, 12800, 285, 3732, 281, 2067, 15302, 5728, 323, 6938, 1786, 2175, 15, 19996, 19191, 12549, 275, 767, 9904, 5558, 6384, 9774, 2392, 15, 187, 19996, 19191, 12549, 313, 1830, 51, 10, 310, 6949, 275, 767, 9904, 5558, 6384, 9774, 2392, 672, 760, 581, 27957, 310, 12021, 281, 6938, 6046, 275, 253, 5928, 273, 271, 6024, 2625, 15, 42438, 253, 6128, 273, 1097, 8790, 24926, 13, 352, 310, 1119, 326, 14314, 390, 14523, 273, 4110, 51, 323, 1016, 27957, 7024, 327, 253, 8789, 4757, 13, 326, 27801, 273, 253, 767, 9774, 2392, 476, 2826, 760, 387, 2266, 8789, 4757, 13, 285, 326, 4110, 51, 1293, 25184, 476, 671, 2826, 762, 2176, 2515, 275, 253, 1840, 14, 13012, 3210, 15, 5064, 26872, 3645, 84, 27, 7813, 275, 253, 46378, 15, 4794, 281, 388, 21362, 13, 436, 3387, 14, 15505, 3085, 310, 773, 1145, 41075, 18802, 326, 3936, 20985, 281, 690, 273, 253, 954, 35240, 273, 7565, 457, 84, 5053, 668, 281, 2085, 773, 34, 4156, 17947, 273, 253, 20996, 36282, 1255, 273, 512, 3811, 1841, 1425, 187, 187, 5064, 9422, 435, 3737, 15, 4794, 281, 388, 21362, 13, 773, 7047, 2188, 4584, 2516, 844, 11416, 33826, 253, 25294, 285, 697, 5074, 13, 347, 973, 347, 253, 10950, 665, 789, 627, 668, 275, 436, 2120, 14, 3985, 6440, 15, 187, 187, 5064, 7967, 43504, 323, 247, 15023, 29719, 15, 2596, 2120, 9037, 1905, 773, 20431, 668, 1905, 310, 2130, 432, 436, 28767, 593, 16824, 42830, 14, 9029, 15, 773, 20431, 668, 4453, 387, 5795, 2341, 4973, 6493, 285, 253, 952, 2444, 327, 731, 15, 43, 11105, 327, 253, 17097, 27, 43896, 839, 2233, 20175, 273, 20164, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 187, 187, 27180, 13, 4247, 1384, 13, 4072, 818, 27, 361, 5365, 187, 187, 43, 11105, 327, 253, 17097, 27, 43896, 839, 2233, 20175, 273, 20164, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 310, 275, 253, 2469, 15, 187, 187, 510, 30647, 33216, 40394, 32356, 745, 697, 20117, 7970, 33216, 327, 253, 17097, 2962, 342, 773, 8380, 19746, 2726, 8802, 27, 43896, 839, 2233, 20175, 273, 20164, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 1806, 247, 2086, 4070, 4263, 253, 2233, 394, 14348, 273, 253, 1270, 25375, 13, 581, 273, 253, 954, 46698, 4498, 34782, 275, 2448, 2892, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2086, 3936, 1659, 275, 37089, 17890, 457, 84, 20146, 1219, 17316, 12469, 2081, 1514, 327, 6926, 13, 4247, 1384, 387, 495, 268, 15, 78, 15, 2006, 2230, 310, 1959, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 2362, 588, 4735, 16226, 273, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 457, 84, 1682, 7636, 9575, 407, 253, 418, 8885, 353, 886, 3296, 41228, 292, 342, 399, 26948, 9857, 13, 48125, 322, 1306, 70, 13, 285, 12141, 17898, 1346, 9069, 6696, 285, 31479, 7902, 1969, 2112, 342, 247, 33073, 285, 27096, 34406, 273, 253, 25375, 3542, 407, 11290, 16171, 285, 10658, 456, 407, 5037, 473, 15, 8966, 15, 187, 187, 24349, 2577, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 313, 746, 1012, 14, 13435, 10, 4159, 9575, 323, 6590, 13, 7315, 285, 18876, 13, 285, 1912, 271, 29544, 90, 285, 1740, 11417, 18165, 15, 4129, 521, 1416, 310, 417, 247, 11692, 3159, 13, 521, 9575, 824, 347, 346, 52, 7706, 272, 327, 247, 8141, 937, 346, 7865, 3189, 7854, 37882, 3, 285, 346, 12412, 388, 11192, 3, 403, 18319, 43455, 347, 4633, 7465, 15, 754, 310, 671, 3195, 433, 275, 253, 24455, 1533, 323, 16672, 824, 347, 346, 4943, 434, 2064, 21398, 90, 6258, 937, 346, 7638, 4530, 399, 1502, 285, 16363, 1257, 1317, 937, 285, 346, 9817, 24955, 275, 10540, 449, 754, 310, 954, 3636, 342, 6893, 16495, 29628, 13, 323, 5207, 344, 4159, 9330, 9575, 15, 5595, 273, 521, 16672, 497, 3542, 342, 12865, 695, 382, 10471, 22810, 29053, 285, 5769, 2577, 330, 18272, 15, 3032, 2876, 273, 12830, 3407, 275, 22745, 342, 346, 37, 1596, 2064, 20909, 3, 285, 4821, 949, 253, 10333, 434, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 8380, 19746, 342, 8802, 668, 310, 581, 273, 253, 1142, 3394, 1469, 327, 2439, 253, 2586, 275, 21621, 273, 436, 1270, 25375, 15, 733, 310, 24834, 407, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 11412, 13, 253, 1879, 382, 6807, 285, 37089, 17890, 2499, 15, 25574, 432, 10049, 754, 316, 257, 3440, 13, 1690, 2758, 273, 253, 25375, 434, 2021, 13, 588, 320, 1246, 323, 436, 14464, 2362, 15, 187, 187, 510, 30647, 33216, 40394, 3400, 253, 3114, 342, 3290, 24455, 4730, 949, 29561, 835, 24455, 12440, 1509, 327, 616, 3640, 708, 2793, 275, 247, 7204, 570, 22493, 16, 1212, 624, 547, 4112, 13, 5971, 323, 3773, 285, 1327, 14, 1993, 398, 285, 16226, 281, 8591, 3114, 24540, 273, 24455, 15, 2948, 551, 755, 16754, 25906, 13, 755, 13030, 10697, 4586, 13, 15634, 748, 432, 37994, 84, 8873, 16, 39981, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 12047, 17232, 4906, 5856, 13, 5769, 4906, 5856, 13, 43529, 5856, 748, 432, 37994, 84, 8873, 16, 10706, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 187, 50276, 19681, 42406, 13, 187, 50276, 41316, 6910, 6825, 3233, 13, 187, 50276, 788, 18590, 4241, 13, 187, 50276, 261, 11257, 4527, 13, 187, 50276, 261, 6910, 32883, 13, 187, 50276, 23173, 13, 187, 94, 432, 37994, 84, 8873, 16, 18833, 5618, 187, 187, 2948, 551, 8749, 4756, 39616, 1303, 318, 748, 432, 33378, 22836, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 4031, 282, 25580, 748, 432, 33378, 301, 1059, 16147, 1913, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 43529, 748, 432, 33378, 35238, 5618, 187, 2948, 551, 556, 2290, 4234, 19157, 748, 432, 33378, 18833, 5618, 187, 187, 6930, 16548, 512, 10711, 20546, 326, 403, 4390, 327, 253, 1755, 7990, 15, 1738, 187, 3701, 10711, 31163, 9, 2520, 27, 15634, 2262, 551, 544, 2364, 27, 2876, 5218, 2876, 748, 551, 187, 50276, 3474, 7990, 426, 436, 15, 788, 23974, 1874, 187, 50276, 338, 313, 14329, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 3474, 13905, 426, 7990, 15, 788, 18821, 1874, 187, 50274, 338, 313, 2551, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 2309, 551, 187, 50270, 434, 8873, 14, 20668, 5295, 13905, 15, 936, 2290, 317, 554, 2699, 5715, 187, 50272, 4718, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 2309, 25425, 187, 94, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 3173, 16603, 10491, 24954, 285, 11521, 896, 281, 2608, 14, 33850, 4228, 2281, 604, 642, 2885, 3061, 310, 2130, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 2885, 17232, 6216, 27, 380, 2885, 9996, 434, 10491, 3061, 13, 604, 667, 15, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 1677, 25977, 27, 380, 2281, 281, 897, 604, 642, 17087, 3061, 310, 2130, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 20974, 380, 2885, 434, 10491, 3061, 313, 338, 581, 4961, 582, 390, 253, 2530, 4228, 2281, 187, 1738, 187, 3701, 795, 45990, 3980, 11244, 15768, 25977, 9, 5598, 17232, 6216, 27, 12419, 1040, 17011, 13, 1677, 25977, 27, 7202, 2262, 12419, 1040, 7202, 551, 187, 50276, 2309, 2885, 17232, 6216, 20767, 17011, 3736, 2885, 17232, 6216, 1163, 1677, 25977, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 46615, 247, 10491, 3061, 323, 253, 1677, 9996, 285, 10111, 352, 327, 253, 9996, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 44705, 1046, 673, 247, 9996, 310, 3562, 15, 7214, 13122, 534, 20177, 342, 247, 2634, 22163, 6216, 65, 1318, 273, 2634, 5672, 65, 588, 320, 187, 475, 2197, 281, 322, 8873, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 14713, 27, 380, 14713, 745, 273, 534, 281, 1239, 3596, 4610, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 9996, 27, 380, 9996, 25312, 247, 10491, 3061, 187, 475, 1214, 3575, 10491, 5856, 27, 18193, 285, 2608, 14, 33850, 941, 534, 778, 320, 908, 281, 1361, 1056, 253, 3061, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 20974, 380, 1677, 9996, 342, 697, 2634, 22163, 6216, 65, 1318, 873, 187, 1738, 187, 3701, 3410, 29, 53, 8725, 43529, 8743, 39981, 27, 15634, 13, 9996, 27, 308, 13, 10491, 5856, 27, 5769, 4906, 5856, 2262, 308, 551, 187, 50276, 3474, 5268, 426, 14713, 15, 788, 8975, 1874, 187, 50276, 3474, 4610, 426, 313, 8780, 3857, 5268, 15, 788, 10976, 6649, 2785, 25425, 535, 50276, 605, 2717, 281, 513, 604, 627, 434, 642, 5268, 390, 604, 30749, 310, 13603, 187, 50276, 338, 6522, 8780, 2785, 2195, 7110, 2290, 4234, 19157, 9, 10121, 1228, 551, 187, 50274, 35238, 15, 22163, 6216, 426, 3221, 28, 187, 50274, 2309, 9996, 28, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 605, 359, 651, 452, 270, 7193, 2168, 604, 6747, 2634, 1206, 1951, 17232, 17407, 65, 4543, 2634, 1206, 1951, 19352, 25977, 65, 497, 2931, 13, 594, 581, 273, 841, 943, 187, 50276, 605, 789, 28, 4510, 253, 10584, 604, 594, 187, 50276, 3474, 3410, 25977, 426, 187, 50274, 25833, 4610, 15, 1206, 1951, 17232, 17407, 11013, 686, 3701, 8, 187, 50272, 32, 4610, 15, 1206, 1951, 17232, 17407, 9, 48027, 5856, 10, 187, 50272, 27, 795, 45990, 3980, 11244, 15768, 25977, 9, 48027, 5856, 15, 5598, 17232, 6216, 13, 4610, 15, 1206, 1951, 19352, 25977, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 3932, 436, 310, 3551, 432, 253, 2608, 313, 263, 432, 247, 1159, 2530, 407, 253, 2608, 582, 665, 6057, 752, 359, 1537, 755, 15, 313, 510, 187, 50276, 605, 760, 3588, 2193, 403, 1766, 1306, 507, 390, 3904, 875, 470, 285, 337, 2698, 187, 50276, 338, 6522, 261, 13159, 19352, 25977, 9, 16848, 25977, 1228, 551, 187, 50274, 23173, 15, 30289, 37428, 60, 2290, 4234, 62, 15292, 13218, 9996, 984, 273, 12078, 3410, 2281, 15, 65, 558, 187, 50274, 35238, 15, 22163, 6216, 426, 3221, 28, 187, 50274, 2309, 9996, 28, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 605, 604, 253, 1159, 4895, 470, 313, 263, 3221, 582, 390, 604, 2634 ]

Within-subjects changes in a 14-weeks usual care period were compared with changes in a 14-week functional power-training period (in groups, 3×/wk). Outcome measures were the muscle power sprint test (MPST), 1-minute walk test (1MWT), 10-m shuttle run test (SRT), gross motor function (GMFM-66), isometric strength of lower-limb muscles and dynamic ankle plantar flexor strength. Changes during the training period were significantly larger than changes in the usual care period for all outcome measures ( P < .05). Large improvements were found during the training period for walking capacity (ΔMPST [mean]: 27.6 W [95%CI 15.84-39.46, 83% increase], Δ1MWT: 9.4 m [95% CI 4.17-14.68, 13%], ΔSRT: 4.2 [95%CI 2.57-5.83, 56%], ΔGMFM-66: 5.5 [95% CI 3.33-7.74, 7%]) and muscle strength (18%-128%), while outcomes remained stable in the usual care period. The results indicate that functional power-training is an effective training for improving walking capacity in young children with cerebral palsy.This proposal addresses statistical issues arising from measurement error problems, with an emphasis on modeling within a Bayesian framework. Measurement error arises when a variable of interest, such as exposure to a contaminant, cannot be measured or is too expensive to measure for most subjects. Instead inference must based on a proxy variable measured with error, which can lead to incorrect conclusions if not properly addressed. This proposal is motivated by applications in environmental health studies, in which measurement error is often a problem. The specific aims are: (1) To delineate the advantages and disadvantages of Bayesian and frequentist approaches to measurement error problems using a case study approach; (2) Within a Bayesian framework, to examine the sensitivity of numerical estimates of the relationship between the outcome and covariates to their assumed distributions; (3) To develop a Bayesian paradigm for the 2-stage case- control design, and to compare numerical estimates with those from frequentist methods; and (4) To develop efficient sampling strategies for measuring the "gold standard" in a validation sub-study within a repeated measures setting. The research will be illustrated and applied to several datasets collected for environmental health studies.Internal stochastic resonance in two coupled liquid membrane oscillators. Internal stochastic resonance (ISR) is investigated in two coupled liquid membrane oscillators when only one oscillator is subjected to environmental noise in the absence of an external signal. Comparing the responses of both subsystems, it is found that enhancement or suppression of ISR for each oscillator depends on the coupling strength, that synchronization of the two oscillators can occur only at strong coupling strength, and that ISR without tuning can also occur under certain conditions in the above-mentioned models.>> Lost Worlds: Life in the Balance. According to Hulu, this 40-minute film is “An exploratory documentary that takes viewers to some of the most astonishing of Earth’s places” to provide “A global exploration of the fascinating interconnectedness of all living things.” >> Antartica. According to Hulu, “Filmmaker John Weiley explores the continent and its animals, as well as the scientists who work there” in this full-length movie. >> Big Ideas for a Small Planet. One full episode — “Power” — is available from this Sundance Channel eco-show. “Power” looks at alternative energy sources projects and the people working on them.Jazz on the Move: Celebrating 100 Years of Jimmy Van Heusen Sunday, January 20, 2013 7:00 PM Jazz on the Move: Celebrating 100 Years of Jimmy Van Heusen is in the past. The Nashville Jazz Workshop kicks off its seventh annual Jazz on the Move series with “Come Fly With Us: Celebrating 100 Years of Jimmy Van Heusen,” a program honoring the 100th birthday of the great composer, one of the most prolific songwriters in American history. The program takes place in Lipscomb’s Collins Alumni Auditorium on Sunday, January 20 at 3 p.m. Admission is free. This event will feature performances of Van Heusen’s best loved songs by the Lori Mechem Quartet with Duffy Jackson, Denis Solee, and guest vocalists Jeff Hall and Liz Johnson -- along with a lively and informative biography of the composer written by Ken Roberts and narrated by Don O. Henry. Jimmy Van Heusen (1913-1990) wrote songs for films, television and theater, and won an Emmy and four Academy Awards. Although his name is not a household word, his songs such as "Swinging on a Star," "Call Me Irresponsible" and "High Hopes" are instantly recognizable as popular standards. He is also revered in the jazz world for compositions such as "Here's That Rainy Day," "Polka Dots and Moonbeams," and "Like Someone in Love." He is most identified with Frank Sinatra, for whom he wrote 85 songs. Most of his compositions were written with lyricist partners Johnny Burke and Sammy Cahn. His string of hits began in 1939 with "Darn That Dream" and continued through the 1970's. “Come Fly with Us” is one of the many events going on across the country in celebration of this great composer. It is sponsored by Van Heusen Music, the Frist Foundation and Lipscomb University. Representatives from Van Heusen music, including members of the composer's family, will be present for this historic event. The Nashville Jazz Workshop provides the community with quality jazz education through workshops where jazz professionals pass on their knowledge & experience in a journeyman/apprentice situation, classes for players and non-players and performances to promote community appreciation of jazz.import { getActiveDomain, getMainCarrier, Hub } from '@sentry/hub'; import { CustomSamplingContext, SamplingContext, TransactionContext } from '@sentry/types'; import { dynamicRequire, extractNodeRequestData, getGlobalObject, isInstanceOf, isNodeEnv, logger, } from '@sentry/utils'; import { registerErrorInstrumentation } from './errors'; import { IdleTransaction } from './idletransaction'; import { Transaction } from './transaction'; import { hasTracingEnabled } from './utils'; /** Returns all trace headers that are currently on the top scope. */ function traceHeaders(this: Hub): { [key: string]: string } { const scope = this.getScope(); if (scope) { const span = scope.getSpan(); if (span) { return { 'sentry-trace': span.toTraceparent(), }; } } return {}; } /** * Implements sampling inheritance and falls back to user-provided static rate if no parent decision is available. * * @param parentSampled: The parent transaction's sampling decision, if any. * @param givenRate: The rate to use if no parental decision is available. * * @returns The parent's sampling decision (if one exists), or the provided static rate */ function _inheritOrUseGivenRate(parentSampled: boolean | undefined, givenRate: unknown): boolean | unknown { return parentSampled !== undefined ? parentSampled : givenRate; } /** * Makes a sampling decision for the given transaction and stores it on the transaction. * * Called every time a transaction is created. Only transactions which emerge with a `sampled` value of `true` will be * sent to Sentry. * * @param hub: The hub off of which to read config options * @param transaction: The transaction needing a sampling decision * @param samplingContext: Default and user-provided data which may be used to help make the decision * * @returns The given transaction with its `sampled` value set */ function sample<T extends Transaction>(hub: Hub, transaction: T, samplingContext: SamplingContext): T { const client = hub.getClient(); const options = (client && client.getOptions()) || {}; // nothing to do if there's no client or if tracing is disabled if (!client || !hasTracingEnabled(options)) { transaction.sampled = false; return transaction; } // we would have bailed already if neither `tracesSampler` nor `tracesSampleRate` were defined, so one of these should // work; prefer the hook if so const sampleRate = typeof options.tracesSampler === 'function' ? options.tracesSampler(samplingContext) : _inheritOrUseGivenRate(samplingContext.parentSampled, options.tracesSampleRate); // Since this is coming from the user (or from a function provided by the user), who knows what we might get. (The // only valid values are booleans or numbers between 0 and 1.) if (!isValidSampleRate(sampleRate)) { logger.warn(`[Tracing] Discarding transaction because of invalid sample rate.`); transaction.sampled = false; return transaction; } // if the function returned 0 (or false), or if `

[ 11, 87, 9, 76, 481, 187, 14, 24, 11, 76, 428, 337, 187, 1466, 295, 9, 81, 10, 426, 495, 11, 81, 424, 20, 559, 268, 424, 19, 559, 721, 11, 81, 559, 854, 15, 1281, 362, 9, 91, 10, 426, 577, 11, 91, 424, 20, 559, 374, 11, 91, 424, 19, 559, 818, 11, 91, 559, 898, 15, 1737, 310, 428, 22, 11, 79, 9, 84, 10, 559, 577, 11, 87, 9, 84, 6177, 187, 84, 424, 20, 559, 495, 11, 84, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 84, 428, 577, 187, 1466, 465, 9, 80, 10, 426, 428, 21, 11, 80, 424, 19, 559, 655, 11, 80, 428, 258, 428, 2145, 11, 80, 559, 608, 15, 1281, 305, 9, 85, 10, 426, 428, 19, 11, 85, 424, 19, 559, 495, 11, 85, 559, 495, 15, 6762, 428, 22, 11, 72, 9, 74, 10, 559, 495, 11, 76, 9, 74, 481, 187, 14, 19, 11, 74, 424, 19, 187, 1466, 2805, 9, 76, 10, 426, 14114, 11, 76, 424, 19, 559, 854, 11, 76, 559, 854, 15, 1281, 260, 9, 73, 10, 426, 11289, 11, 73, 424, 19, 559, 608, 11, 73, 559, 608, 15, 11374, 854, 11, 68, 9, 85, 10, 428, 608, 11, 82, 9, 85, 481, 187, 2504, 11, 85, 424, 19, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 80, 10, 320, 253, 2626, 4309, 273, 428, 22, 11, 80, 424, 21, 16, 1348, 559, 608, 11, 80, 424, 20, 16, 23, 428, 1722, 11, 80, 424, 19, 15, 1281, 391, 9, 77, 10, 426, 608, 11, 77, 428, 577, 15, 7918, 577, 11, 75, 9, 71, 10, 559, 608, 11, 83, 9, 71, 481, 187, 22, 11, 71, 187, 4140, 608, 11, 90, 559, 1283, 426, 428, 1166, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 80, 10, 426, 428, 80, 428, 495, 15, 1281, 269, 9, 78, 10, 426, 337, 15, 1281, 288, 320, 3383, 18, 1933, 20, 11, 18, 5355, 23, 428, 470, 481, 1737, 310, 288, 11, 88, 9, 75, 10, 559, 340, 11, 71, 9, 75, 6177, 187, 19, 11, 75, 428, 337, 187, 1466, 1484, 9, 80, 10, 426, 374, 11, 80, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 80, 559, 854, 15, 1281, 247, 320, 3383, 19, 428, 428, 24, 11050, 18, 428, 470, 481, 3854, 428, 83, 428, 1283, 426, 428, 21, 11, 83, 15, 1281, 268, 426, 391, 559, 247, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 76, 10, 426, 428, 18, 15, 1737, 310, 268, 11, 86, 9, 71, 10, 559, 721, 11, 88, 9, 71, 6177, 187, 19, 11, 71, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 71, 559, 374, 187, 1466, 258, 9, 89, 10, 426, 428, 20, 559, 337, 559, 608, 11, 89, 424, 19, 428, 1269, 424, 20, 428, 608, 559, 721, 11, 89, 15, 3854, 428, 21, 11, 87, 559, 1668, 426, 428, 20, 11, 87, 15, 1281, 298, 9, 69, 10, 426, 428, 19, 11, 69, 559, 470, 11, 69, 424, 20, 428, 495, 11, 69, 559, 362, 11, 69, 424, 19, 559, 277, 424, 20, 559, 721, 428, 1384, 11, 69, 424, 19, 15, 6762, 721, 11, 77, 9, 81, 10, 559, 608, 11, 80, 9, 81, 481, 187, 81, 424, 20, 559, 268, 424, 19, 559, 337, 187, 1466, 891, 9, 89, 10, 426, 428, 740, 11, 89, 424, 20, 428, 374, 11, 89, 424, 19, 428, 1269, 428, 374, 15, 1281, 246, 9, 75, 10, 426, 3127, 11, 75, 424, 20, 559, 608, 11, 75, 424, 19, 559, 374, 11, 75, 559, 608, 15, 11374, 608, 11, 74, 9, 87, 10, 559, 374, 11, 85, 9, 87, 481, 187, 14, 25, 11, 87, 424, 20, 428, 362, 187, 1466, 270, 9, 91, 10, 426, 495, 11, 91, 15, 3854, 470, 426, 495, 11, 71, 428, 1269, 559, 655, 428, 337, 13, 428, 71, 426, 495, 11, 89, 559, 1668, 15, 1281, 305, 9, 85, 10, 426, 428, 740, 11, 85, 428, 337, 15, 1737, 310, 269, 11, 67, 9, 76, 10, 428, 374, 11, 72, 9, 76, 6177, 187, 14, 76, 559, 374, 187, 1466, 260, 9, 90, 10, 426, 340, 424, 19, 559, 340, 559, 495, 15, 1281, 305, 9, 83, 10, 426, 428, 20, 11, 83, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 83, 428, 818, 15, 7918, 608, 11, 68, 9, 81, 10, 559, 374, 11, 72, 9, 81, 481, 187, 14, 81, 424, 19, 559, 268, 559, 337, 187, 1466, 298, 9, 67, 10, 426, 818, 11, 67, 424, 19, 428, 608, 11, 67, 559, 374, 15, 1281, 2805, 9, 66, 10, 426, 428, 1012, 11, 66, 428, 6480, 11, 66, 424, 19, 559, 9135, 11, 66, 424, 19, 428, 247, 559, 721, 15, 1737, 310, 1722, 11, 77, 9, 71, 10, 428, 721, 11, 82, 9, 71, 6177, 187, 14, 71, 424, 19, 428, 269, 428, 374, 187, 1466, 340, 320, 12374, 25, 1933, 20, 5789, 19, 2888, 1549, 16, 1449, 15, 1281, 465, 9, 89, 10, 426, 1269, 559, 374, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 82, 10, 426, 1458, 11, 82, 559, 5922, 15, 11374, 340, 11, 88, 9, 83, 10, 428, 5922, 11, 76, 9, 83, 481, 187, 14, 20, 11, 83, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 84, 10, 426, 256, 424, 19, 559, 495, 15, 1281, 259, 320, 428, 19, 14361, 21, 5789, 1036, 14895, 21, 15, 1281, 1269, 9, 68, 10, 426, 428, 20, 11, 68, 424, 19, 428, 884, 15, 11374, 259, 11, 89, 9, 81, 10, 559, 818, 11, 75, 9, 81, 481, 187, 81, 424, 19, 559, 337, 187, 1466, 270, 9, 85, 10, 426, 428, 23, 11, 85, 559, 337, 15, 1281, 2805, 9, 90, 10, 426, 340, 428, 374, 15, 1281, 260, 9, 91, 10, 426, 270, 9, 91, 10, 428, 721, 11, 82, 9, 91, 481, 1281, 247, 9, 69, 10, 426, 277, 428, 337, 15, 6762, 428, 1423, 11, 66, 9, 75, 10, 428, 374, 11, 68, 9, 75, 481, 187, 19, 11, 75, 428, 577, 187, 4140, 428, 746, 426, 428, 20, 11, 72, 428, 608, 11, 82, 13, 428, 82, 426, 428, 21, 11, 72, 428, 495, 559, 2145, 15, 1281, 391, 9, 88, 10, 426, 428, 21, 11, 88, 559, 3495, 15, 1281, 288, 320, 391, 9, 24, 481, 1281, 1484, 9, 85, 10, 426, 608, 11, 85, 428, 337, 15, 1281, 258, 9, 90, 10, 426, 898, 11, 90, 428, 374, 15, 7918, 305, 11, 80, 9, 71, 10, 559, 288, 11, 86, 9, 71, 481, 187, 19, 11, 71, 428, 337, 187, 1466, 891, 9, 84, 10, 426, 428, 84, 559, 4562, 15, 1281, 362, 9, 68, 10, 426, 428, 19, 11, 68, 559, 11583, 15, 11374, 854, 11, 74, 9, 89, 10, 428, 495, 11, 87, 9, 89, 481, 187, 14, 19, 11, 89, 428, 2030, 187, 1466, 295, 9, 71, 10, 426, 495, 11, 71, 424, 20, 428, 495, 11, 71, 424, 19, 559, 495, 11, 71, 428, 374, 15, 1281, 1269, 320, 3383, 3439, 1933, 2385, 11, 19, 4842, 25, 15, 1281, 247, 9, 68, 10, 426, 2145, 11, 68, 424, 20, 428, 2145, 11, 68, 424, 19, 559, 2145, 11, 68, 428, 898, 15, 1737, 310, 1269, 11, 79, 9, 72, 10, 428, 577, 11, 66, 9, 72, 6177, 187, 19, 11, 72, 424, 20, 428, 374, 11, 72, 424, 19, 559, 374, 11, 72, 187, 1466, 465, 9, 86, 10, 426, 495, 11, 86, 15, 1281, 269, 426, 577, 428, 337, 15, 1281, 2805, 9, 67, 10, 426, 428, 67, 424, 19, 559, 577, 11, 67, 15, 1281, 305, 9, 88, 10, 426, 428, 88, 428, 577, 15, 1281, 391, 320, 305, 9, 17, 481, 1737, 310, 269, 11, 82, 9, 84, 10, 559, 391, 11, 76, 9, 84, 6177, 187, 14, 20, 11, 84, 424, 19, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 89, 10, 426, 428, 22, 559, 495, 11, 89, 428, 1269, 428, 721, 11, 89, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 87, 10, 426, 362, 559, 337, 15, 3854, 608, 11, 82, 426, 428, 22, 428, 608, 15, 1281, 277, 426, 2805, 559, 428, 20, 15, 6762, 277, 11, 88, 9, 66, 10, 428, 480, 9, 66, 481, 187, 14, 66, 187, 1466, 465, 9, 77, 10, 426, 608, 11, 77, 424, 19, 559, 577, 11, 77, 559, 1249, 15, 1281, 247, 9, 83, 10, 426, 428, 83, 424, 19, 428, 391, 428, 337, 15, 1737, 310, 577, 11, 66, 9, 67, 10, 559, 465, 9, 67, 6177, 187, 67, 424, 19, 559, 854, 187, 1466, 2805, 9, 66, 10, 426, 428, 66, 424, 19, 559, 337, 15, 1281, 246, 9, 73, 10, 426, 428, 20, 11, 73, 424, 19, 559, 577, 15, 1281, 1484, 320, 12374, 740, 1933, 1010, 6959, 18, 5584, 1093, 5029, 11374, 1484, 11, 82, 9, 80, 10, 428, 495, 11, 85, 9, 80, 481, 187, 14, 20, 11, 80, 424, 19, 187, 1466, 278, 9, 68, 10, 426, 374, 11, 68, 15, 1281, 891, 9, 83, 10, 426, 391, 428, 337, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 79, 10, 426, 374, 11, 79, 428, 577, 15, 1281, 270, 9, 87, 10, 426, 577, 11, 74, 9, 87, 10, 428, 259, 9, 87, 481, 1281, 258, 9, 76, 10, 426, 465, 424, 19, 559, 608, 11, 76, 15, 1281, 1484, 320, 258, 1490, 23, 481, 6762, 1484, 11, 78, 9, 84, 10, 428, 608, 11, 67, 9, 84, 481, 187, 19, 11, 84, 187, 1466, 246, 9, 90, 10, 320, 253, 2626, 4309, 273, 374, 11, 90, 424, 22, 16, 1010, 559, 2145, 11, 90, 424, 21, 16, 1348, 428, 721, 11, 90, 424, 19, 15, 1281, 288, 9, 66, 10, 426, 428, 19, 11, 66, 424, 19, 428, 495, 11, 66, 15, 1281, 1182, 426, 655, 559, 428, 740, 15, 1737, 310, 1182, 11, 73, 9, 87, 10, 559, 374, 11, 85, 9, 87, 6177, 187, 14, 19, 11, 87, 424, 19, 428, 362, 187, 1466, 295, 9, 87, 10, 426, 470, 559, 1903, 11, 87, 428, 577, 11, 87, 424, 19, 428, 495, 11, 87, 424, 20, 559, 608, 428, 1668, 11, 87, 15, 1281, 277, 320, 3383, 19, 5789, 24, 10, 559, 3383, 26, 1933, 24, 15, 1281, 259, 9, 68, 10, 426, 260, 424, 23802, 1433, 12101, 27, 29744, 71, 606, 1108, 322, 3445, 3422, 7890, 4683, 10315, 313, 31019, 20917, 454, 10, 187, 187, 47, 34483, 308, 2517, 285, 6439, 20917, 454, 452, 644, 327, 247, 38123, 1408, 273, 830, 841, 2469, 1643, 1107, 15, 32161, 1169, 407, 10846, 824, 347, 39452, 19644, 545, 280, 16688, 285, 16246, 10213, 452, 644, 31494, 1981, 314, 327, 1127, 15, 27874, 1598, 13, 326, 15274, 7788, 342, 436, 7126, 5400, 407, 21249, 14, 3169, 29744, 71, 606, 13, 425, 70, 25975, 25303, 405, 14, 33319, 1665, 15, 496, 958, 13, 342, 322, 3445, 3422, 7890, 4683, 10315, 13, 352, 778, 760, 320, 7457, 11411, 533, 627, 310, 253, 3282, 273, 247, 2644, 2360, 275, 5453, 1373, 6221, 1561, 581, 1924, 15, 4325, 1698, 14, 2364, 12315, 90, 5857, 281, 289, 30022, 5241, 673, 480, 2555, 447, 13, 352, 457, 84, 512, 1060, 15, 187, 187, 6869, 14, 31456, 273, 253, 15292, 17217, 12786, 13, 29744, 71, 606, 556, 2168, 20061, 2439, 253, 1824, 281, 1132, 49480, 3737, 28359, 285, 253, 1335, 14, 73, 31263, 19869, 73, 404, 15, 21836, 617, 15277, 347, 247, 22533, 1108, 309, 871, 417, 13, 2167, 253, 1724, 487, 250, 273, 1984, 723, 5936, 3095, 3965, 2714, 1108, 352, 457, 84, 417, 1892, 281, 923, 2139, 13628, 651, 320, 37937, 264, 327, 253, 4757, 273, 253, 2144, 1060, 15, 1876, 7457, 6031, 403, 966, 15, 35289, 1882, 896, 13, 5919, 13, 642, 14, 79, 49235, 966, 15, 9585, 1732, 80, 13, 949, 285, 949, 15, 187, 187, 2598, 368, 755, 1633, 751, 2802, 25935, 8924, 1108, 352, 778, 452, 271, 7392, 272, 13, 2761, 6105, 1963, 751, 391, 1648, 12801, 272, 253, 4951, 1066, 253, 1386, 14988, 3540, 533, 352, 457, 84, 9093, 1077, 2969, 285, 1077, 8050, 15, 33185, 1732, 80, 533, 512, 253, 1805, 323, 352, 15, 2064, 2761, 417, 627, 391, 1648, 310, 253, 3686, 281, 320, 295, 29191, 314, 12659, 672, 7046, 562, 432, 247, 5453, 715, 253, 4131, 23993, 15, 187, 187, 8924, 7161, 1680, 1500, 8924, 310, 1014, 625, 1066, 281, 253, 6371, 15, 3666, 9397, 9113, 407, 29744, 71, 606, 5972, 347, 9093, 816, 247 ]

*v(k). -7*k - 1 Let n(p) = 3*p**3 + p**2 + 6*p + 8. Let v(z) = 4*z**3 + 2*z**2 + 7*z + 9. What is -5*n(s) + 4*v(s)? s**3 + 3*s**2 - 2*s - 4 Let k(o) = -4*o**2 + 19*o - o - 13*o + 5. Let g(t) = -2*t**2 + 3*t + 3. Calculate -5*g(i) + 3*k(i). -2*i**2 Let q(k) = 133*k**2 + 8*k + 8. Let c(h) = 89*h**2 + 5*h + 5. Determine 8*c(t) - 5*q(t). 47*t**2 Let j(o) be the third derivative of -5*o**4/24 + 5*o**3/6 - 17*o**2. Let r(l) = 5*l - 4. Give 4*j(f) + 5*r(f). 5*f Suppose 5*y + 18 = -17. Let w(o) = -o - 3. Let f(m) = 1. Let h be (-1)/3*1*(6 - 0). What is h*w(j) + y*f(j)? 2*j - 1 Let u(o) = 2*o**2 - 2*o + 8. Let a be (-2 - -7)*(-1 - 0). Suppose -r - 18 = -4*r. Let p = r + a. Let w(k) = -1. What is p*u(f) + 6*w(f)? 2*f**2 - 2*f + 2 Let o(x) = -3 + 1 + 5*x**2 - x**3 - 5 + 6*x. Suppose -4*v + 16 = -3*v. Let l(d) = -2*d + 0*d**3 - 3*d + v*d**2 + d**3 + 6 - 20*d**2. Calculate 6*l(p) + 5*o(p). p**3 + p**2 + 1 Let i(x) = -10*x**3 - 2*x**2 - x - 2. Let t(j) = 21*j**3 + 5*j**2 + 2*j + 5. Determine 5*i(v) + 2*t(v). -8*v**3 - v Let b(z) = 3*z. Suppose 0 = 3*f - x + 19 - 1, -f = 3*x + 16. Let g(t) = -10*t - 1. What is f*b(k) - 2*g(k)? -k + 2 Let c(y) = y**2 + y + 3. Let g(r) = -3*r**2 - 2*r - 7. Give 5*c(p) + 2*g(p). -p**2 + p + 1 Let l(b) = 7*b**2 - 5*b + 2. Let q(a) = -13*a - 38*a**2 + 58*a**2 - a + 6. What is 17*l(f) - 6*q(f)? -f**2 - f - 2 Let y be ((-8)/3)/(-2)*60/40. Let k(x) = x + 2. Let w(q) = 15*q + 33. Determine y*w(r) - 33*k(r). -3*r Let j(s) = s**2 + 3. Let w be -2*(-4)/(-16)*-4. Let x(c) = -3*c**2 - 10. Determine w*x(p) + 7*j(p). p**2 + 1 Let b(t) = -6*t + 1. Let q(y) = y - 2. Let c(z) = b(z) - 6*q(z). Let a(d) = d - 1. Calculate -22*a(j) - 2*c(j). 2*j - 4 Suppose -19 = -3*g - 5*q, -q = -4*g - 3 + 13. Let r(w) = -4*w + 23. Let h be r(7). Let u(t) = 5*t - 1. Let o(y) = 9*y - 2. Give g*o(f) + h*u(f). 2*f - 1 Let i(s) = -s + 31. Let v(c) = -2*c + 91. Determine 8*i(x) - 3*v(x). -2*x - 25 Let n(f) = 3*f**3 - 3*f**2 + 3*f - 2. Let x be (-54)/48*2*-8. Let a(c) = 13*c**3 - 13*c**2 + 13*c - 9. What is x*n(g) - 4*a(g)? 2*g**3 - 2*g**2 + 2*g Let k(u) = 3*u. Let f = 4 - 1. Let q(b) = -b**2 + 4*b. Let g(w) = -w - 4. Let r be g(0). What is f*q(s) + r*k(s)? -3*s**2 Let j(x) = -5 + 3*x - x - 6*x. Let w(v) = v + 1. Suppose 5*q = -5 - 5. Let d = q + -3. Calculate d*w(a) - j(a). -a Let k(l) = 5*l**2 + 4*l + 12. Let a(r) = -r**2 - r - 1. What is 4*a(b) + k(b)? b**2 + 8 Let q(a) = -a**2 + 1. Let t(h) = -3*h**2 + 4. Let u be ((-10)/15)/(1/(-18)). Determine u*q(o) - 3*t(o). -3*o**2 Let m(c) = 2*c. Let i(r) = r - 1. Let w(n) = 2*n - 4. Let b(v) = 4*i(v) - w(v). Let o(k) = k**2 + 5*k. Let u be o(-6). Calculate u*m(s) - 5*b(s). 2*s Let t(y) be the third derivative of 2*y**5/15 + 13*y**4/24 - 6*y**2. Let h(a) = -2*a**2 - 3*a. Let z = 19 + -10. What is z*h(v) + 2*t(v)? -2*v**2 - v Let n(v) = 0 + 11*v - 4*v**2 - 3*v**3 + 5 - 16*v. Let d be (-2)/(-7) + (-9)/7. Let w(c) = c**GIITTV: Umfang – Symbolic Use Of Light (Technicolour) Ninja Tune and Technicolour have been on a frightening run of form these past few years. Releases by artists such as Hieroglyphic Being and Jay Daniel have been rattlingly on point. Remarkably, that consistency continues with this excellent album by Brooklyn-based Umfang, nee Emma Burgess-Olson. In fact, with Symbolic Use Of Light, it may only be nine tracks but there is the sense of a whole night in clubland contained within one record. From low-key moody entry to thumping peak time jollies, it’s all here. Co-founder of the Discwoman collective, Umfang has already stretched across the water to play Corsica Studios and the still-hallowed Berghain. Whatever her abilities as a DJ – I know not, though the calibre of bookings suggests someone pretty special – it’s not hard to see why ears would be pricked on the strength of the material here. All nine efforts are class. Stripped back, efficient, no-nonsense class. Club techno, through and through. So you get something like ‘Weight‘ – it may have an echoing, almost church organ like riff orbiting the straight down the line drum track but it’s essentially very simple and very bare. Functional techno but all the better for it. That almost not there riff is the sort to be naggingly remembered when spat out from a club into the morning sunlight. ‘Where Is She‘ is even more down to the wire. Described correctly by Umfang herself as essentially just a

[ 2273, 498, 17867, 7369, 432, 4433, 281, 2075, 1679, 685, 370, 15054, 15, 361, 275, 10474, 285, 1600, 15, 13662, 14874, 2908, 7830, 323, 247, 773, 37, 2682, 668, 275, 253, 4260, 14, 37773, 84, 15, 6102, 310, 253, 1491, 6221, 275, 776, 16064, 457, 84, 4849, 273, 1133, 15720, 7177, 432, 1283, 3156, 949, 46416, 13, 7177, 534, 3831, 824, 7561, 7478, 4454, 347, 26062, 22637, 285, 2207, 1665, 659, 3298, 15, 187, 187, 34, 1133, 15720, 9732, 21612, 13, 15483, 773, 1093, 394, 1388, 273, 10733, 45834, 668, 9563, 27, 773, 1147, 310, 20585, 18065, 326, 416, 15, 329, 15, 367, 16468, 556, 4817, 247, 20297, 8368, 1078, 441, 275, 253, 1563, 12998, 13, 40027, 15, 20268, 3756, 13, 21108, 13, 24207, 13, 1997, 21089, 13, 3096, 3756, 13, 1780, 23343, 285, 310, 2104, 281, 1918, 9775, 275, 253, 1072, 15, 754, 556, 25761, 644, 1119, 273, 1175, 9447, 1894, 285, 273, 20566, 3745, 281, 9798, 247, 2143, 285, 359, 452, 3103, 17236, 779, 281, 9798, 275, 253, 3625, 6629, 275, 436, 26469, 273, 10043, 17026, 275, 253, 3928, 273, 27373, 323, 253, 1307, 273, 767, 1107, 432, 253, 3522, 1060, 1171, 1425, 187, 187, 510, 14204, 310, 6704, 407, 7252, 34405, 13, 4726, 31881, 13, 285, 407, 23316, 4051, 1370, 1321, 13, 26469, 28568, 15, 367, 16468, 457, 84, 1416, 285, 253, 4454, 273, 253, 12989, 403, 3542, 275, 4067, 13, 2761, 1067, 32608, 280, 4876, 15, 187, 187, 37261, 5363, 41271, 275, 1110, 2393, 1897, 497, 273, 767, 12314, 3510, 13, 2629, 4948, 2530, 407, 253, 9635, 285, 1110, 2130, 432, 3906, 6186, 10111, 13, 327, 534, 253, 40707, 1416, 369, 1133, 15720, 2112, 342, 643, 21452, 1491, 15, 743, 1283, 3677, 17191, 2722, 326, 2207, 1665, 659, 3298, 5087, 370, 1857, 15, 805, 275, 10474, 323, 773, 5443, 13, 3928, 13, 26469, 13, 23307, 13, 21788, 13, 399, 2682, 13, 4726, 3995, 13, 11397, 285, 4726, 13662, 265, 1425, 496, 42129, 13, 26062, 22637, 5087, 370, 3566, 15, 1839, 323, 2418, 13, 3928, 13, 26469, 285, 4726, 13662, 265, 1425, 1707, 369, 642, 17657, 285, 642, 39081, 15, 733, 588, 1379, 690, 28063, 281, 3653, 672, 253, 773, 21941, 668, 2891, 3407, 15, 187, 187, 1672, 312, 1699, 2067, 41271, 285, 1133, 15720, 7177, 5644, 281, 643, 19241, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 665, 369, 21088, 367, 2835, 257, 13, 323, 5207, 22637, 5087, 10474, 275, 1283, 3439, 13, 9417, 347, 617, 3244, 6854, 32, 1737, 275, 247, 1283, 3680, 14, 1540, 2962, 273, 13122, 3977, 281, 247, 38111, 273, 2867, 32, 187, 187, 8430, 253, 47021, 310, 417, 1900, 1791, 917, 13, 273, 1600, 403, 253, 2021, 4454, 273, 26469, 21764, 2967, 13, 38367, 84, 14, 1093, 1438, 84, 15, 20599, 27, 28585, 13, 24126, 282, 13, 36338, 13, 367, 2955, 793, 13, 4268, 8243, 13, 48517, 968, 1456, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2173, 4849, 273, 7177, 327, 534, 436, 3929, 310, 1754, 310, 13037, 275, 247, 2829, 1842, 293, 13, 247, 20623, 22173, 13, 534, 12942, 4264, 33310, 949, 15, 1707, 310, 247, 26416, 432, 253, 3563, 29316, 84, 281, 31610, 13, 835, 597, 923, 247, 14204, 24025, 500, 15, 443, 15, 40753, 1981, 457, 84, 14199, 275, 253, 17372, 8273, 273, 12551, 2755, 2198, 457, 84, 544, 25831, 1570, 1707, 310, 247, 31687, 3310, 4645, 253, 7289, 273, 773, 45, 302, 11057, 7874, 35942, 38625, 14, 9389, 668, 407, 10043, 17026, 14544, 10734, 329, 15, 16639, 2676, 408, 773, 9, 66, 2014, 637, 10, 668, 281, 2516, 399, 15, 18544, 266, 773, 1171, 4855, 1373, 4913, 13, 11314, 1425, 187, 187, 510, 22173, 671, 4428, 2067, 12255, 8392, 13, 31610, 14, 2405, 13, 327, 2170, 10907, 751, 2418, 46384, 6022, 273, 10043, 17026, 285, 4855, 1373, 4913, 2418, 6022, 27, 42659, 281, 13629, 322, 15, 20554, 2434, 15, 407, 18252, 322, 15, 7902, 285, 7830, 281, 411, 78, 15, 500, 15, 22618, 407, 7727, 500, 15, 473, 10448, 13, 2975, 15, 1707, 457, 84, 247, 2659, 3310, 13, 285, 271, 44728, 773, 31808, 459, 1806, 285, 247, 15842, 7830, 24388, 13, 773, 7845, 3718, 441, 342, 7830, 327, 390, 1078, 668, 10733, 15, 337, 13, 31751, 6808, 407, 3973, 2418, 6022, 273, 10043, 17026, 294, 773, 45, 302, 3435, 12694, 9396, 8464, 684, 1621, 15, 337, 1425, 187, 187, 3463, 428, 8524, 928, 25403, 28720, 187, 187, 510, 11579, 1080, 285, 581, 273, 253, 23569, 2758, 273, 253, 10043, 17026, 27424, 8273, 11032, 15, 18, 15, 7327, 273, 253, 14723, 187, 510, 13911, 3839, 7033, 281, 247, 4382, 13844, 6333, 13, 285, 625, 3782, 13, 7033, 281, 247, 4382, 13844, 6333, 323, 3365, 8925, 2139, 247, 4382, 310, 440, 13449, 494, 15, 187, 19, 15, 11451, 273, 253, 15073, 3975, 187, 3039, 247, 4382, 310, 10969, 285, 440, 13449, 494, 13, 247, 4382, 8706, 1342, 3798, 3587, 1471, 702, 84, 253, 322, 6527, 313, 15705, 19832, 16, 11021, 10, 11291, 432, 253, 3101, 4697, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 10969, 7491, 273, 253, 4382, 778, 320, 417, 4269, 407, 253, 322, 6527, 11291, 13, 285, 253, 16837, 273, 253, 11291, 310, 15279, 285, 673, 14, 33136, 15, 187, 688, 2720, 1445, 13, 247, 13844, 3120, 313, 70, 15, 72, 904, 6162, 1438, 26073, 9858, 10, 310, 908, 281, 3653, 2139, 253, 4382, 310, 440, 13449, 494, 13, 533, 672, 253, 3101, 4697, 273, 253, 4382, 2550, 320, 20351, 327, 13, 697, 28885, 2697, 313, 23088, 19832, 24882, 4155, 10, 310, 13603, 13, 285, 253, 2847, 273, 253, 440, 13449, 494, 4382, 2550, 320, 5867, 407, 253, 6041, 13844, 3120, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 35975, 27, 309, 16, 48, 5871, 275, 247, 6287, 32, 187, 187, 42, 452, 281, 3359, 247, 6287, 326, 14949, 9563, 941, 432, 247, 2813, 3066, 2990, 15, 3954, 309, 1353, 12371, 604, 352, 310, 5919, 281, 3359, 352, 751, 436, 27, 187, 187, 8252, 247, 12954, 6293, 15, 187, 688, 436, 12954, 6293, 13, 6287, 1919, 247, 7908, 310, 873, 15, 187, 26190, 253, 6287, 13, 1347, 34265, 309, 16, 48, 15, 187, 187, 10795, 436, 452, 667, 3045, 3486, 2429, 281, 35576, 309, 16, 48, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 7024, 449, 187, 2042, 253, 2990, 2813, 310, 9603, 247, 11792, 5542, 273, 941, 840, 352, 2789, 3282, 281, 452, 247, 6293, 9940, 281, 1296, 11733, 352, 11842, 4087, 15, 380, 6293, 8336, 1919, 941, 310, 2130, 13, 840, 9563, 285, 4870, 253, 941, 15, 2064, 6293, 476, 24651, 253, 2022, 6293, 347, 3309, 15, 187, 2042, 253, 2813, 11330, 941, 760, 2192, 34416, 13, 840, 352, 1537, 1056, 625, 3282, 281, 897, 35576, 9762, 15, 30810, 271, 20605, 1239, 1067, 275, 253, 2022, 6293, 13, 840, 564, 670, 634, 2136, 15, 2091, 941, 4916, 2130, 13, 840, 352, 434, 1239, 407, 253, 20605, 15259, 285, 11742, 347, 4569, 13, 285, 247, 747, 20605, 1239, 310, 6808, 15, 187, 2773, 434, 253, 2087, 4086, 309, 897, 27, 8783, 273, 941, 13, 840, 5514, 9038, 247, 6293, 15, 13160, 38976, 941, 13, 897, 20605, 15, 2064, 434, 417, 247, 1892, 285, 3809, 4086, 13, 533, 352, 434, 835, 309, 1265, 15, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 3045, 3486, 2057, 1039, 15, 733, 434, 247, 2647, 273, 5454, 14273, 15, 329, 15663, 6293, 588, 21409, 5300, 313, 13374, 3441, 8031, 2317, 13, 285, 5913, 941, 253, 6293, 15613, 4648, 10, 323, 697, 2862, 12702, 15, 1310, 253, 6293, 310, 9100, 954, 273, 697, 673, 6179, 327, 3280, 13, 326, 434, 417, 247, 1077, 5919, 897, 273, 5300, 15, 187, 2374, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 352, 3936, 690, 1327, 14, 10528, 2408, 273, 673, 281, 2523, 271, 35576, 1239, 2748, 15, 1310, 368, 1902, 941, 2192, 34416, 313, 19506, 13, 642, 625, 685, 2378, 591, 1273, 582, 840, 253, 18332, 3206, 275, 1110, 35576, 1239, 9762, 310, 3164, 19124, 15, 1292, 604, 368, 452, 247, 5415, 5542, 273, 941, 285, 368, 1472, 29018, 8307, 390, 6763, 273, 35576, 1239, 9762, 591, 1273, 13, 840, 253, 18332, 310, 1469, 281, 2818, 3045, 15, 2091, 368, 1472, 2509, 326, 1142, 1239, 9762, 13, 368, 9093, 452, 247, 9940, 6293, 5162, 253, 3280, 13, 594, 368, 1537, 347, 973, 816, 25636, 634, 2086, 285, 2794, 247, 15663, 6293, 15, 535, 190, 187, 283, 5731, 6333, 2715, 4888, 187, 23687, 2634, 10404, 64, 14825, 65, 21503, 2634, 4149, 65, 426, 686, 18, 15, 21, 15, 18, 8, 17242, 2634, 11317, 65, 426, 686, 4697, 8, 4889, 2634, 4149, 65, 426, 686, 18, 15, 21, 15, 17, 5618, 15971, 1848, 31264, 8112, 1703, 4653, 14647, 33949, 187, 187, 49194, 4023, 12206, 1511, 13, 8566, 285, 38194, 15, 41793, 273, 1029, 4757, 17454, 23924, 13, 1077, 28831, 15, 56, 504, 285, 4443, 1730, 264, 2553, 2085, 247, 1805, 32535, 15, 52, 32672, 323, 954, 19151, 5005, 15, 1552, 4667, 273, 378, 2576, 2148, 16868, 267, 588, 1056, 634, 21834, 625, 38194, 285, 23107, 15, 605, 381, 11468, 21688, 44629, 968, 15, 14161, 428, 15108, 1419, 5841, 281, 3541, 4270, 968, 15369, 16536, 605, 187, 605, 187, 605, 3512, 273, 253, 21708, 11804, 8049, 13, 762, 253, 14325, 4637, 362, 19, 15, 17, 342, 21708, 11804, 1889, 14233, 15, 187, 605, 2594, 5987, 1358, 38381, 15, 2061, 16, 17821, 15, 10134, 323, 7981, 1491, 15, 187, 605, 35588, 57, 14, 17736, 14, 18483, 27, 14325, 14, 19, 15, 17, 9277, 21708, 11804, 14, 22558, 187, 605, 187, 605, 16536, 43067, 16536, 605, 187, 605, 187, 605, 831, 2021, 273, 3470, 22649, 5841, 281, 4270, 249, 3470, 326, 29211, 187, 605, 390, 1959, 3541, 15, 187, 605, 187, 605, 16536, 43067, 16536, 605, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 21911, 44629, 968, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 2088, 4807, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 11336, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 36301, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 1267, 1843, 633, 6230, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 9710, 2531, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 2350, 53, 16, 2776, 7676, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 12168, 27903, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 12168, 20607, 6074, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 19611, 16, 12599, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22997, 16, 3902, 2290, 10892, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 22388, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 23372, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 31171, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 3233, 9683, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 48300, 15668, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 11594, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 18590, 44292, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 18590, 23807, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 10548, 2705, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 10548, 6477, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 43598, 12003, 10548, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 36853, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 2548, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 3027, 16, 3902, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22032, 16, 36, 14669, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22032, 16, 14154, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22032, 16, 18102, 7992, 6230, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 38381, 16, 22032, 16, 2040, 64, 33203, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 68, 8271, 31, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 68, 8400, 565, 31, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 17828, 31, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 307, 874, 31, 187, 187, 5302, 12953, 26198, 11618, 28, 187, 187, 4, 3182, 40374, 64, 10560, 346, 20704, 14, 20989, 968, 3, 187, 187, 14379, 1876, 406, 2548, 1163, 4770, 25, 64, 85, 551, 187, 50276, 12535, 4257, 9817, 50268, 30, 337, 14193 ]

foreclosures resulted from failure to pay less than $155.00 in taxes and interest. Tax bills included payment for a “Ditch” in the mid-1800s. Such is the information contained in our museum’s collection of handwritten documents from 1841 through 1885, documents which contain such widely recognized names as Dennis Quick and Orson Starr. A handwritten teacher certification, dated “18th day of Nov 1862” reads: “It is hereby certified that R. A. Packer has passed a satisfactory examination before us in the following branches, viz. Orthography, Reading, Writing, Grammar, Geography, Arithmetic and is able to give instruction in the same. He has moreover been found of good moral character and of competent ability to teach a school and we have therefore licensed him to teach in the primary schools in this Township of Royal Oak in the County of Oakland for the term of two years from the date hereof.” The certificate is signed by William Robertson, School Inspector, and by Carlos Glazier, Township Clerk. Packer’s name and the names of the topics are written in larger, almost calligraphic letters. Township receipts in those early days were of two generic types, standard forms provided by the county and those available from office supply stores, on which the township name was handwritten along with other pertinent information. An 1871 receipt shows that Orson Starr paid $45.12 in taxes for “State, County, Township, Personal, Highway, Ditch, School House, Library and School Taxes.” In 1861, Dennis Quick paid $74.38 for State, County, Township and School Taxes.” There was no highway and no ditch. It will take some digging to determine when the “personal” tax began. Examining several receipts and handwritten documents leads to other queries. For example, who was Marie Pittingen, for whom Quick paid taxes in 1854, serving as her executor? What in a 1858-64 series of transactions led to a forfeiture of property? Although the handwriting is not always legible, of interest are the family names of Township treasurers, 1850s-1880s. Examples: Blair, Curtle, Drake, Phelps, Judsen, Blankinship. The specific collection of documents on which this article is based is gathered in a table easel, a catalog rack, which visitors enjoy browsing through. There is a leap from the late 1800s to 1925, where they see a certificate confirming J. G. Codling’s membership in the Detroit Society of Optometrist’s [sic]. There is a 1927 contract showing the sale of “Lot Number Four Hundred Fifty-two” by Royal Oak resident Ray A. Tyrrill “(a single man)” to John D. Cowan “of Highland Park, Michigan.” The rack also contains several checks drawn, 1925-31, on area banks like State Savings Bank of Royal Oak and Highland Park State Bank: Payment to Grant S. Oliver Co. by Albert S. Johnson and payment to Wm. J. Phillips by Richard J. Opie, respectively. There’s a land contract, and an 1888 “indenture,” and a mortgage payment reminder, “Please favor us with payment on or before” Nov. 1, 1928 issued by First State Bank of Royal Oak re “Lot 27 Elizabeth Lake Estates No. 1.” By - Muriel Versagi The Curator and one of the founding members of the Royal Oak Historical Society Museum.1. Field of the Invention The disclosure generally relates to a computer debug module, and more particularly, relates to a computer debug module for simply determining why a computer is unbootable. 2. Description of the Related Art When a computer is abnormal and unbootable, a computer repairman usually directly demounts the SIO (Super Input/Output) chip from the motherboard. However, the abnormal boot of the computer may be not caused by the SIO chip, and the displacement of the chip is unnecessary and time-consuming. In prior art, a debug card (e.g., Port80 Debug Card) is used to determine why the computer is unbootable, but when the motherboard of the computer cannot be powered on, its BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is disabled, and the cause of the unbootable computer cannot be analyzed by the conventional debug card.Q: Performance: I/O operations in a loop? I have to implement a loop that continuously reads data from a device via network. Now I'm wondering if it is efficient to implement it like this: Start a worker thread. In this worker thread, loop until a flag is set. Within the loop, perform synchronous I/O. Does this have any performance impact compared to asynchronous I/O? A: "It depends." If the network device is producing a steady stream of data then it makes sense to have a thread dedicated to servicing it synchronously. The thread blocks until data is available, then reads and processes the data. That thread can notify the main thread as necessary. If the device produces data only infrequently, then it might make more sense to use asynchronous requests. Issue an async read call in the main thread, then go about your business. When data becomes available, then it's read by the async callback and processed as appropriate, and a new async read is issued. That's the general rule I use: lots of data, then dedicate a thread. Infrequent data, use async. That's not a hard and fast rule, but it's where I start. There is a performance impact either way. It's a matter of tradeoffs. A persistent thread will consume resources (primarily stack space, and whatever data the thread proc uses) for its entire lifetime. If the thread is spending most of its time waiting on input, that's not a very efficient use of resources. On the other hand, it takes some non-zero amount of time to issue an asynchronous read request. If you expect data infrequently (say, no more than once per second), then the overhead involved in those asynchronous read requests is probably irrelevant. But if you have a continuous stream of data and you're issuing hundreds or thousands of asynchronous read requests per second, then the overhead is going to affect performance. When you're doing that many read requests, you essentially have a dedicated thread processing the input, so you might as well just simplify your program and create a persistent thread. -- update module version UPDATE `sys_modules` SET `version` = '1.4.1' WHERE `uri` = 'board' AND `version` = '1.4.0'; RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS Universal ball bearing type, compact and stylish.Made of high strength aluminum alloy, very durable.Wide and embossed surface provide a better traction.Suitable for most bicycles.This pair of Bicycle Pedal will make your cycling more stylish and safer.//===- MemoryBuiltins.cpp - Identify calls to memory builtins -------------===// // // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions. // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// // // This family of functions identifies calls to builtin functions that allocate // or free memory. // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// #include "llvm/Analysis/MemoryBuiltins.h" #include "llvm/ADT/APInt.h" #include "llvm/ADT/None.h" #include "llvm/ADT/Optional.h" #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h" #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h" #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetFolder.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/TargetLibraryInfo.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/Utils/Local.h" #include "llvm/Analysis/ValueTracking.h" #include "llvm/IR/Argument.h" #include "llvm/IR/Attributes.h" #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h" #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h" #include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h" #include "llvm/IR/Function.h" #include "llvm/IR/GlobalAlias.h" #include "llvm/IR/GlobalVariable.h" #include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h" #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h" #include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h" #include "llvm/IR/Operator.h" #include "llvm/IR/Type.h" #include "llvm/IR/Value.h" #include "llvm/Support/Casting.h" #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h" #include "llvm/Support/MathExtras.h" #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h" #include <cassert> #include <cstdint> #include <iterator> #include <utility> using namespace llvm; #define DEBUG_TYPE "memory-builtins" enum AllocType : uint8_t { OpNewLike = 1<<

[ 19864, 657, 40176, 281, 1705, 281, 634, 2143, 15, 1244, 1053, 626, 2985, 617, 6335, 273, 5859, 10556, 1512, 15, 2207, 4143, 657, 40176, 285, 643, 1270, 4477, 273, 1327, 33223, 323, 2151, 387, 253, 2949, 44, 19296, 40202, 15, 187, 187, 31189, 432, 247, 13601, 839, 1789, 24376, 275, 512, 10746, 15, 380, 8346, 13628, 273, 5074, 285, 952, 773, 72, 1226, 668, 3590, 10212, 285, 37346, 731, 715, 253, 2472, 15, 21157, 13628, 4822, 3590, 1805, 685, 1355, 4394, 15, 187, 187, 30635, 399, 11798, 187, 187, 41937, 588, 4264, 436, 2425, 285, 597, 588, 1007, 42742, 9398, 616, 773, 12185, 13628, 1806, 533, 253, 2425, 1057, 1379, 247, 2372, 273, 9008, 15, 8937, 254, 3484, 476, 1056, 616, 1211, 13628, 13, 533, 271, 6782, 1537, 878, 281, 2624, 253, 1463, 7793, 275, 253, 5004, 273, 253, 2929, 15107, 323, 611, 14, 19, 3484, 15, 1310, 368, 452, 2885, 15986, 13, 597, 476, 10347, 773, 12185, 13628, 668, 323, 253, 966, 15, 187, 187, 510, 40185, 187, 187, 6014, 309, 187, 11778, 512, 3484, 2454, 275, 253, 1072, 3884, 15, 2635, 452, 3095, 3212, 731, 24476, 253, 3000, 346, 21328, 885, 634, 1133, 604, 368, 476, 4089, 479, 449, 313, 49397, 3564, 588, 564, 598, 2698, 10209, 13, 452, 3484, 2186, 598, 3564, 275, 2914, 273, 731, 13, 38101, 10268, 731, 28, 840, 452, 731, 1899, 616, 3564, 275, 2914, 273, 616, 13628, 594, 616, 38101, 403, 10268, 3212, 731, 15, 7160, 260, 1135, 264, 3564, 588, 4822, 3590, 3551, 432, 3212, 731, 15, 12238, 253, 10866, 365, 6554, 10280, 253, 12616, 13, 346, 21328, 885, 634, 1133, 604, 368, 476, 4089, 479, 449, 329, 2257, 625, 3564, 943, 564, 598, 984, 253, 3484, 8, 260, 1135, 264, 3564, 4822, 625, 273, 253, 3590, 3551, 432, 3212, 731, 15, 187, 187, 6014, 3719, 187, 13325, 346, 12185, 13628, 3, 407, 9968, 11385, 275, 253, 5004, 273, 253, 2929, 15107, 347, 2011, 275, 253, 10659, 15, 28593, 247, 1355, 5313, 273, 253, 5004, 273, 253, 5500, 594, 352, 588, 10584, 3212, 253, 2472, 15, 5815, 5974, 943, 1691, 247, 5500, 689, 1016, 2472, 15, 1583, 1024, 452, 346, 12185, 13628, 449, 12238, 253, 2151, 8028, 16092, 285, 923, 752, 7835, 597, 1024, 4089, 326, 597, 1904, 626, 4089, 1078, 15, 187, 187, 15705, 13628, 789, 1014, 1805, 604, 368, 2624, 271, 2897, 1070, 46324, 745, 253, 2914, 273, 253, 15107, 15, 3010, 7835, 403, 1024, 37346, 264, 715, 253, 15107, 285, 616, 13628, 15, 187, 187, 510, 8072, 187, 187, 30326, 3484, 281, 2312, 670, 5074, 8, 13628, 15, 3166, 597, 871, 273, 667, 5074, 326, 452, 1781, 13628, 15, 21696, 1537, 3748, 42322, 390, 29948, 15, 5595, 28156, 452, 1077, 1781, 8346, 13628, 984, 597, 3469, 327, 17055, 41249, 15, 1583, 5007, 562, 1029, 14, 18086, 2147, 12774, 8765, 326, 31888, 745, 271, 1789, 285, 1091, 281, 253, 10464, 434, 13628, 15, 187, 187, 5035, 625, 4679, 342, 3590, 275, 14332, 84, 285, 4867, 36678, 27, 6875, 15955, 342, 18874, 407, 657, 40176, 43342, 13, 12800, 407, 11819, 388, 3348, 453, 282, 13, 380, 13134, 30103, 5687, 13, 5307, 15, 18281, 470, 7840, 1277, 1410, 187, 187, 9006, 4827, 1907, 521, 1083, 3809, 27173, 275, 1302, 4321, 3063, 13, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 3035, 1473, 39370, 556, 644, 7169, 247, 42187, 1340, 1411, 667, 2852, 9930, 285, 4743, 7437, 407, 11596, 7717, 17264, 401, 565, 266, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 15, 187, 187, 510, 42187, 1340, 3249, 347, 247, 906, 273, 247, 660, 31816, 5084, 275, 534, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 9919, 281, 7291, 885, 3824, 37268, 23387, 15, 6102, 369, 253, 12147, 273, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 457, 84, 391, 1369, 13713, 13, 7295, 2315, 14385, 32005, 9896, 14929, 3992, 16070, 264, 407, 21463, 272, 521, 4669, 285, 354, 43759, 2802, 262, 457, 84, 417, 4344, 457, 689, 285, 689, 969, 15, 187, 187, 35012, 272, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 275, 1302, 38700, 2131, 7195, 3972, 25915, 11106, 5460, 2802, 1136, 899, 593, 16236, 15956, 358, 29882, 16744, 457, 285, 2802, 78, 786, 39890, 457, 387, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 457, 84, 4028, 13, 534, 7692, 67, 1428, 253, 2934, 326, 11011, 310, 253, 20731, 1429, 323, 3309, 285, 3576, 247, 48033, 5593, 15, 187, 187, 43743, 2065, 78, 12143, 282, 2335, 1679, 685, 271, 4964, 281, 1089, 275, 9796, 273, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 285, 18627, 849, 253, 42187, 651, 789, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 10125, 273, 380, 11596, 7717, 4508, 401, 565, 266, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 457, 84, 3542, 7437, 1364, 1705, 642, 8003, 685, 2233, 4669, 273, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 275, 1340, 281, 3693, 667, 2852, 8513, 10450, 15, 2305, 39370, 457, 84, 1211, 21729, 281, 253, 9311, 1364, 320, 8549, 19734, 473, 457, 1992, 1306, 457, 84, 4028, 13, 285, 512, 25957, 273, 253, 17264, 1364, 320, 5176, 432, 253, 2929, 15, 187, 187, 31568, 10263, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 457, 84, 4116, 281, 253, 6242, 273, 253, 25527, 812, 2454, 247, 24585, 5754, 6197, 15, 187, 187, 48, 457, 1992, 1306, 323, 521, 629, 13, 369, 14315, 407, 8293, 12143, 282, 670, 521, 2852, 2589, 13, 342, 253, 5963, 13458, 562, 773, 12550, 3000, 2818, 952, 285, 597, 452, 9099, 368, 871, 13, 368, 476, 457, 85, 564, 1475, 6789, 247, 653, 796, 247, 653, 796, 285, 1902, 281, 755, 1977, 342, 352, 6598, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 1869, 253, 48916, 885, 607, 457, 84, 33422, 273, 4177, 1894, 12170, 26740, 264, 253, 5963, 342, 13089, 14, 47165, 2496, 12576, 13692, 13, 36449, 418, 1662, 472, 285, 27264, 44346, 5801, 512, 3192, 281, 253, 1462, 281, 3890, 849, 21927, 301, 13, 30017, 850, 285, 5322, 2305, 39370, 310, 15, 187, 187, 42983, 253, 1302, 13, 2305, 39370, 9377, 1066, 275, 12330, 13366, 13, 1078, 3981, 344, 369, 9995, 253, 390, 25115, 369, 689, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 2513, 352, 1896, 281, 8071, 281, 25225, 68, 710, 3394, 327, 8217, 4095, 32, 187, 187, 42, 369, 2820, 281, 1973, 247, 3492, 1227, 2460, 32968, 323, 6109, 4095, 285, 309, 1353, 970, 25225, 68, 710, 281, 3148, 619, 10556, 15, 187, 18765, 1955, 281, 7364, 275, 253, 25225, 68, 710, 9508, 309, 1353, 15586, 281, 755, 619, 32968, 281, 789, 846, 247, 3492, 556, 644, 4546, 1580, 309, 5386, 619, 33828, 285, 25225, 68, 710, 37034, 271, 309, 6301, 534, 557, 2272, 3965, 1199, 512, 273, 619, 5181, 3394, 313, 4609, 403, 15726, 3066, 24627, 15, 4305, 481, 187, 1466, 479, 921, 368, 619, 2127, 27, 187, 10612, 1334, 4744, 484, 27, 187, 29, 2154, 2654, 568, 25377, 1138, 187, 50274, 29, 2154, 966, 5473, 35045, 16262, 187, 50270, 605, 35, 918, 68, 710, 20929, 755, 434, 13400, 1060, 15, 13478, 403, 8653, 3066, 4114, 187, 50274, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 50274, 29, 2154, 966, 5473, 35045, 35065, 16262, 187, 50274, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 50274, 29, 2154, 966, 5473, 35045, 34814, 16262, 187, 50275, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 187, 35, 918, 68, 710, 23280, 5837, 27, 187, 2044, 823, 17213, 426, 1159, 14574, 187, 50274, 5, 27174, 35045, 8539, 9691, 45635, 2154, 2654, 568, 1641, 17213, 19998, 6750, 2154, 31, 5137, 535, 50274, 1641, 9395, 19998, 2073, 1641, 17213, 19998, 1383, 19459, 15, 2574, 9, 6370, 481, 2203, 2073, 16455, 14, 301, 11470, 686, 25240, 25240, 5137, 535, 50274, 338, 9, 25833, 49501, 19998, 11013, 686, 31549, 8, 910, 187, 50269, 1352, 9453, 9, 187, 50265, 605, 284, 23078, 528, 10935, 273, 20235, 187, 50265, 1352, 788, 9026, 9, 346, 2413, 1358, 15787, 15, 33951, 68, 710, 15, 681, 16, 4305, 16, 35, 918, 68, 710, 18139, 7545, 64, 455, 15, 4305, 3, 12062, 187, 50265, 1352, 788, 9026, 9, 13357, 25887, 16, 25887, 16, 33951, 68, 710, 64, 16455, 15, 4305, 3, 12062, 187, 50265, 1352, 4612, 13004, 9, 3701, 9, 36334, 48946, 187, 50261, 6999, 36334, 15, 31327, 5349, 187, 50265, 2311, 187, 50268, 481, 17506, 9, 3701, 14574, 187, 50265, 1911, 17213, 1874, 187, 50268, 9897, 187, 50273, 94, 2010, 551, 187, 50268, 1911, 17213, 1874, 187, 50273, 94, 187, 187, 5949, 10535, 1981, 27, 187, 3701, 755, 19998, 2618, 9, 2203, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 1542, 313, 2044, 4198, 275, 941, 10, 187, 50270, 2309, 4198, 28, 187, 94, 187, 2044, 4760, 426, 49501, 19998, 15, 788, 18139, 1482, 9, 788, 19998, 2618, 9, 12847, 19998, 15, 38835, 28747, 5029, 14825, 15, 16455, 19998, 28, 187, 187, 15381, 15, 44364, 9, 3979, 17831, 5949, 15, 35895, 13, 327, 21020, 5949, 39, 1250, 558, 187, 15381, 15, 44364, 9, 3979, 17831, 5949, 15, 37547, 13, 327, 15021, 5949, 39, 1250, 558, 187, 187, 3701, 327, 21020, 5949, 39, 1250, 1082, 551, 187, 50274, 26544, 1587, 1993, 3287, 187, 94, 535, 1159, 327, 15021, 5949, 39, 1250, 1082, 551, 187, 50274, 26544, 1587, 13121, 3287, 187, 748, 187, 187, 33951, 68, 710, 64, 16455, 15, 4305, 27, 3944, 1358, 23164, 4805, 15, 681, 16, 71, 14135, 22, 18931, 38697, 187, 1552, 2686, 2987, 19652, 13102, 327, 619, 45946, 275, 1046, 9882, 15, 1292, 347, 3517, 347, 309, 1071, 352, 327, 8217, 4095, 352, 2506, 626, 789, 1580, 253, 22843, 9206, 3548, 626, 10607, 10542, 13, 533, 3185, 271, 891, 9270, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 767, 25225, 68, 710, 4760, 8990, 9508, 1969, 253, 17646, 22843, 14, 7483, 4760, 8990, 285, 253, 19778, 20929, 8990, 15, 1422, 1472, 970, 253, 3438, 534, 347, 368, 1849, 30346, 407, 1024, 2506, 626, 789, 342, 11685, 3773, 15, 187, 1552, 5474, 327, 253, 25225, 68, 710, 1329, 2670, 4278, 1275, 514, 4263, 634, 2127, 432, 253, 1711, 281, 253, 747, 4760, 8990, 15, 15267, 31900, 27910, 287, 895, 313, 22468, 25895, 10, 187, 187, 31900, 27910, 287, 895, 313, 746, 1630, 1253, 8602, 10, 369, 247, 5112, 24996, 15, 187, 187, 1413, 27, 746, 1630, 10782, 187, 1413, 27, 8602, 8923, 187, 1413, 27, 21258, 38676, 187, 1413, 27, 11688, 12397, 38676, 4, 34834, 11919, 16, 4805, 16, 12540, 15548, 187, 187, 4, 831, 12269, 6307, 7191, 310, 2256, 281, 253, 2426, 273, 253, 44502, 5259, 187, 4, 4637, 13, 362, 15, 374, 15, 17, 15, 1310, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 353, 3859, 369, 417, 5939, 342, 436, 187, 4, 1873, 13, 1422, 476, 4044, 581, 387, 5987, 1358, 45189, 15, 2061, 16, 45590, 16, 19, 15, 17, 14206, 187, 4, 8283, 313, 68, 10, 4240, 44502, 11294, 187, 187, 4064, 5135, 15, 26544, 14605, 1395, 37330, 13264, 187, 4064, 5497, 91, 1545, 64, 8906, 15, 7267, 64, 19286, 1395, 14736, 8053, 13, 13302, 21008, 13, 1777, 30319, 21008, 535, 187, 2437, 37330, 23760, 8478, 307, 832, 48040, 9, 33388, 13264, 2262, 187, 50274, 1545, 2022, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 12083, 64, 5397, 2073, 2413, 64, 14399, 64, 1288, 307, 832, 48040, 15, 8259, 1383, 14412, 6434, 23405, 187, 50270, 8716, 64, 7267, 426, 14736, 8053, 9, 32117, 30, 1010, 10, 535, 50270, 8716, 64, 7267, 15, 1911, 64, 18265, 8850, 187, 50266, 18919, 21008, 2073, 14267, 1383, 686, 9108, 11470, 187, 50266, 18919, 21008, 2073, 6756, 1383, 686, 37277, 11470, 187, 50266, 2641, 30319, 21008, 2073, 23454, 15, 9939, 1383, 686, 15714, 8478, 307, 832, 263, 2844, 1450, 23760, 64, 15714, 8478, 307, 832, 263, 2844, 64, 6601, 16468, 3401, 187, 50270, 3291, 535, 50270, 1286, 15, 41282, 4779, 780, 9, 8716, 64, 7267, 10, 187, 50270, 4, 14736, 3394, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8716, 24121, 21595, 1082, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 13678, 24121, 1082, 535, 50274, 4, 6618, 10028, 3607, 187, 50274, 1545, 327, 5949, 9, 1286, 13, 2362, 2262, 187, 50270, 14267, 426, 686, 1696, 468, 19825, 8, 187, 50270, 23059, 426, 14412, 2413, 6038, 187, 50270, 26219, 414, 426, 686, 42328, 8, 187, 50270, 5465, 1590, 426, 2362, 5013, 64, 6756, 34368, 5465, 1590, 6038, 187, 50270, 6434, 426, 1881, 15, 5397, 15, 6434, 535, 50270, 4, 253, 6010, 273, 253, 10028, 310, 253, 1072, 347, 253, 2362, 187, 50270, 8774, 426, 39846, 17, 94, 551, 18, 94, 5983, 8124, 9, 5465, 1590, 13, 2362, 5013, 64, 6756, 34368, 8774, 23405, 535, 50270, 4, 13119, 253, 10028, 1789, 1754, 327, 841, 3607, 187, 50270, 2309, 1881, 15, 6953, 33388, 38592, 9, 8774, 13, 7140, 13, 14610, 13, 544, 8045, 1092, 12147, 30, 26219, 414, 13 ]

invite Vicki to come to your school. And don't miss her library of science videos too. Or visit Vicki and other great authors of nonfiction for children at the INK Think Tank. Sound from a vibrating object travels in all directions. The outer ears of animals and people “gather” sound waves and funnel them into the ear. Large ears collect sound better than small ones. Stage Direction Students will enjoy this activity and they will look adorable wearing their “super ears,” but the activity does take a bit of preparation. Older students can make their own ears, but an adult might need to cut the proper hole in the bottom of the paper cups for K-2 students. If you have parent volunteers, they can prepare “super ears” for the class. The Plot Act I Have all students face in the same direction. Then have someone behind them whisper the words "Raise your hand if you can hear me." (Few hands will go up.) Next, have students hold up hands in front of them, palms facing them; then have them position their hands in front of their ears so their palms are facing behind them. Their cupped hands will collect sound coming from behind them. Have the whisperer repeat the phrase, "Raise your hand if you can hear me." A lot more hands should go up because the students' cupped hands collect more of the sound coming from behind them. Act II Make "super ears" by cutting holes in the bottom of the paper cups as shown in the diagram. Leave a small piece of the bottom of the cup so it will hook behind the ear. Each student should put a cup over each ear. They now have "super ears." Have the children listen quietly and see what sounds they now hear that they didn't hear before. Super ears work even better if you cut an angled scoop off the front of the cups. More sounds are now funneled into the cups and their ears. The End Ask students to talk about animals' ears. Do they know of any animals that have large ears. Students might mention elephants or rabbits. Most bats have very large outer ears because they depend on collecting echoes. They send out high-pitched squeaks that bounce off an object and return to the bat's ears. See more experiments with sound in Bangs and Twangs: Science Fun with Sound by Vicki Cobb, illustrated by Steve Haefele, The Millbrook Press, 2000.Share 0 SHARES AFTER having his case fast tracked in court earlier today, the Taoiseach Enda Kenny has been granted a restraining order against any future columns and opinion pieces by Irish Times journalist Fintan O’Toole. The restraining order comes as a result of a scathing column in which O’Toole attempted to criticise Our Dear Leader. Such was the severity of O’Toole’s ramblings, Government press secretary Feargal Purcell intervened by stamping his feet and proclaiming ‘it’s not fair’ over and over again. Representing the Taoiseach in court barrister Thomas Harrington cited severe ‘annoyance’, ’emotional distress’ and ‘mild irritation’ at O’Toole’s writing, which rubbished the idea that Ireland is the poster child for necessary and effective austerity measures. Justice Colm Boyle took less than an hour to find in favour of the Taoiseach and outlined how the restraining would work. All copies of The Irish Times containing Fintan O’Toole’s written pieces must come no closer than 100 feet of the Taoiseach in order to avoid any future hurt feelings. Mr Kenny’s own subscription to the publication must be delivered minus O’Toole’s writing, and all mentions of the journalist must be removed from the paper. Anyone drawing the Taoiseach’s attention to the existence of the writings could face a lengthy prison sentence. O’Toole for his part, was warned by Justice Boyle about his future conduct, with the judge pointing out “your words affect people and they have consequences you know, you can’t go around calling a spade a spade and expect to get away with it”. It is thought the Taoiseach’s trio of star character witnesses swayed the judge with Jean-Claude Juncker, Christine Largard and Mario Draghi all taking to the stand to express how placid, obedient and nice Mr Kenny is. Outside the court, Mr Kenny broke down in tears briefly, before saying he was glad the ordeal was over.Q: Is it possible to react to Brightcove events on Apple devices? I was trying to build a video / image slider for mobile devices and I'm using Brightcove to display my videos. Though due to limitations in the Brightcove versions I'm struggling to get my slider to work after a video has been played since I remove my overlay and Brightcove inserts an Iframe which disables pretty much all of my touch events (which are handled via hammer.js). Let me show you my code: Slider Markup: <div id="wrapper"> <div class='slide'> //Brightcove Player get's inserted here. Images are displayed via background </div> <div class='slideprevious'> </div> <div class='slidefollowing'> </div> </div> Brightcove Initialisation: var addVideo = function(){ $('.slide').append('<div id="tsVideoPlayer"></div>'); tsCreatePlayer('tsVideoPlayer', slides.eq(num).data('video-id'), 'XXXXXXXX'); if(typeof bcPlayer === 'undefined'){ $.when( //asynchronous loading of JS $.getScript( "http://admin.brightcove.com/js/BrightcoveExperiences_all.js" ), $.getScript( "/xxx/xxx/brightcove_video.js" ), $.Deferred(function( deferred ){ $( deferred.resolve ); }) ).done(function(){ addVideo(); }); } else { addVideo(); } Event Handling: function getPlayerId(data) { for (var prop in data) return prop; } var player = bcPlayer.getExperience(getPlayerId(bcPlayer.experienceObjects)).modules.videoPlayer; player.addEventListener(BCMediaEvent.PLAY, onPlayEventFired); player.addEventListener(BCMediaEvent.STOP, onStopEventFired); function onPlayEventFired() { alert("play"); } function onStopEventFired() { alert("stop"); } brightcove_video.js: http://pastebin.com/fTL5Uhqc This actually works flawlessly on my Desktop in every browser. But as soon as I test it on Apple devices it doesn't work since the Flash Object isn't loaded anymore, but instead an iFrame. A: There are two Brightcove player API versions -- the legacy Flash-only player API and the Smart Player API. You're using the former which as you've guessed by now doesn't work with HTML players. This doc on the Brightcove support site details refactoring your code from the old to the new player API. Marc Lacroix (photographer) Marc Lacroix (1927–2007) was a French photographer. Category:1927 births Category:2007 deaths Category:French photographers Category:Portrait photographers#!/usr/bin/env python # This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public # License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this # file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. # Copyright (c) 2017 Mozilla Corporation from lib.alerttask import AlertTask from mozdef_util.query_models import SearchQuery, TermMatch, PhraseMatch class AlertHTTPBruteforce(AlertTask): def main(self): self.parse_config('http_auth_bruteforce.conf', ['url']) search_query = SearchQuery(minutes=15) search_query.add_must([ TermMatch('category', 'bro'), TermMatch('source', 'notice'), PhraseMatch('details.note', 'AuthBruteforcing::HTTP_AuthBruteforcing_Attacker') ]) self.filtersManual(search_query) # Search events self.searchEventsSimple() self.walkEvents() # Set alert properties def onEvent(self, event): category = 'httperrors' tags = ['http'] severity = 'WARNING' hostname = event['_source']['hostname'] url = self.config.url # the summary of the alert is the same as the event summary = '{0} {1}'.format(hostname, event['_source']['summary']) # Create the alert object based on these properties return self.createAlertDict(summary, category, tags, [event], severity=severity,

[ 94, 187, 4718, 187, 187, 37356, 342, 13538, 26667, 16, 10483, 368, 403, 1959, 281, 5224, 436, 407, 4645, 247, 3935, 3817, 7738, 897, 281, 3343, 1919, 253, 13910, 4254, 310, 6312, 13, 390, 5010, 3148, 247, 19313, 313, 70, 15, 72, 15, 10299, 247, 4228, 1453, 3966, 2698, 535, 27270, 5740, 187, 9, 19, 10, 187, 187, 2973, 297, 2399, 31128, 641, 476, 320, 1119, 387, 5219, 27950, 367, 2804, 427, 36725, 15, 380, 1563, 310, 5907, 27, 1219, 5905, 3422, 31508, 1131, 15, 380, 5857, 310, 1246, 342, 441, 1580, 16925, 884, 13, 4267, 285, 369, 1390, 9300, 327, 10733, 1638, 13, 4072, 15, 496, 18482, 25119, 627, 403, 374, 643, 1219, 5905, 3422, 31508, 1131, 15, 743, 18389, 476, 320, 1119, 1060, 15, 1590, 27, 346, 45840, 17453, 3, 187, 16705, 27, 346, 5267, 79, 3030, 5985, 3, 187, 24658, 27, 346, 42, 452, 4307, 347, 247, 2718, 16, 3620, 2695, 16518, 323, 608, 1107, 6571, 327, 1781, 5939, 13498, 15, 309, 717, 4354, 23086, 342, 29104, 789, 285, 1089, 4266, 11485, 2820, 281, 3772, 366, 4266, 562, 273, 247, 2628, 13, 533, 355, 284, 452, 417, 2568, 17288, 15, 187, 42, 4390, 789, 387, 47684, 4611, 13, 271, 299, 14, 32248, 2567, 2714, 2182, 275, 10995, 5865, 3420, 15, 187, 3220, 1655, 7681, 6284, 403, 8781, 29693, 318, 285, 4715, 27402, 606, 285, 3599, 895, 343, 449, 187, 34972, 90, 5914, 249, 638, 42743, 49630, 12649, 12443, 249, 14, 21, 2048, 846, 14472, 12045, 23523, 4975, 275, 7600, 15, 187, 510, 1263, 6949, 1880, 1308, 5102, 5914, 249, 313, 46235, 10, 638, 42743, 812, 14368, 253, 2048, 273, 12649, 12443, 249, 14, 21, 313, 34, 30570, 21, 10, 970, 271, 275, 8427, 15550, 14472, 12045, 24031, 1566, 275, 7600, 15, 378, 44, 369, 43861, 14949, 3066, 253, 1669, 28773, 12235, 342, 20457, 8670, 323, 1458, 1054, 313, 740, 46662, 16, 5840, 16, 1222, 10, 840, 359, 5802, 24031, 323, 1384, 1054, 285, 44924, 323, 2164, 285, 8187, 288, 2975, 15, 380, 1543, 5183, 326, 253, 4275, 629, 273, 253, 3168, 2647, 12322, 2957, 273, 591, 400, 5670, 329, 30570, 21, 285, 2692, 247, 7898, 7355, 2584, 8187, 288, 273, 44924, 15, 380, 5680, 8232, 273, 3168, 2647, 369, 1027, 432, 253, 4275, 629, 273, 253, 3168, 2647, 407, 4645, 642, 2957, 273, 591, 400, 5670, 329, 30570, 21, 387, 2164, 288, 273, 44924, 533, 2581, 247, 4512, 2572, 15, 378, 44, 3012, 3777, 253, 2048, 1268, 273, 329, 30570, 21, 2601, 275, 253, 3168, 2647, 13, 533, 352, 574, 5293, 273, 436, 1055, 275, 253, 11978, 2647, 2919, 387, 8187, 288, 1501, 14, 250, 468, 12213, 15, 1707, 369, 642, 3064, 275, 329, 30570, 21, 2601, 2308, 875, 378, 44, 1387, 285, 1453, 1387, 387, 253, 767, 1840, 14, 13012, 14472, 12045, 4811, 387, 2164, 288, 846, 44924, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 253, 2544, 275, 329, 30570, 21, 2601, 5802, 407, 378, 44, 638, 42743, 497, 4755, 387, 8187, 288, 846, 44924, 13, 534, 497, 11704, 407, 247, 5141, 273, 14472, 12045, 30297, 15, 3824, 1543, 5183, 326, 253, 2048, 273, 329, 30570, 21, 2601, 846, 14472, 12045, 24031, 16, 250, 468, 12213, 369, 2919, 14, 6160, 13, 673, 14, 6820, 285, 671, 4860, 326, 253, 30320, 273, 329, 30570, 21, 2048, 5802, 407, 378, 44, 812, 320, 581, 273, 253, 1774, 5787, 6297, 275, 25258, 36691, 273, 14472, 12045, 23523, 30297, 15, 34, 4782, 1302, 556, 16290, 253, 637, 665, 4824, 562, 247, 18649, 4958, 391, 28444, 2983, 2822, 247, 37951, 275, 4693, 1390, 807, 281, 1495, 275, 5754, 15, 187, 187, 688, 3978, 13, 11128, 445, 14183, 17861, 5339, 581, 43055, 32456, 285, 16545, 2067, 2571, 275, 253, 401, 968, 12473, 4913, 2170, 273, 3729, 4693, 1223, 253, 2170, 369, 10000, 342, 43055, 39698, 6108, 3563, 7237, 24861, 1309, 253, 8797, 18465, 1770, 273, 9752, 41405, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 6794, 13, 247, 5963, 16290, 14183, 17861, 281, 247, 5927, 7652, 14, 2913, 5754, 1307, 846, 344, 369, 1119, 8106, 273, 7701, 285, 9919, 7701, 253, 2045, 1388, 15, 187, 187, 10457, 253, 2332, 13, 25710, 3735, 849, 14183, 17861, 574, 6034, 281, 2983, 247, 14172, 28765, 346, 42355, 16840, 6258, 3, 4321, 327, 3978, 1283, 533, 369, 7591, 281, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5693, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 432, 253, 29630, 2846, 273, 9858, 1648, 840, 12668, 1475, 253, 4383, 5347, 1919, 344, 11371, 327, 253, 2303, 275, 401, 968, 12473, 4913, 816, 1078, 21811, 15, 187, 187, 34, 1387, 273, 43055, 39698, 574, 13037, 1475, 8319, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 21507, 26792, 3358, 14355, 13, 665, 574, 21900, 13, 672, 14183, 17861, 12668, 521, 4958, 715, 253, 1387, 13, 9811, 14355, 15, 187, 187, 56, 4208, 265, 2183, 253, 1302, 326, 14183, 17861, 19294, 27, 346, 42, 1849, 2218, 619, 2628, 937, 1078, 1146, 7270, 285, 39848, 407, 1509, 398, 1615, 1223, 2820, 281, 8773, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1302, 13, 344, 574, 9919, 281, 2342, 2994, 1411, 253, 7260, 273, 7701, 285, 9919, 7701, 407, 15081, 326, 271, 7576, 547, 4907, 16908, 574, 2668, 521, 1659, 275, 253, 6254, 434, 7319, 1309, 253, 2983, 15, 187, 187, 6436, 13, 344, 369, 7591, 281, 2085, 271, 8813, 347, 281, 2139, 39794, 55, 20541, 2692, 760, 581, 1436, 275, 253, 1113, 15, 187, 187, 52, 489, 18402, 3987, 432, 253, 4782, 23392, 38027, 890, 6631, 753, 14183, 17861, 369, 17194, 407, 521, 346, 700, 433, 273, 16492, 3446, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 1996, 23179, 271, 10915, 87, 19163, 2926, 281, 4828, 253, 16400, 2801, 273, 1941, 13, 533, 253, 4984, 556, 13084, 779, 937, 703, 753, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1231, 452, 644, 2590, 4768, 326, 436, 369, 247, 17150, 2983, 13, 285, 344, 1364, 1024, 2454, 253, 9099, 273, 521, 5231, 449, 2598, 368, 1472, 2819, 281, 4647, 323, 5559, 14538, 273, 6307, 13, 443, 2598, 36, 13, 285, 368, 1089, 253, 2934, 273, 11412, 35, 1949, 91, 390, 690, 643, 2199, 762, 253, 30680, 35, 1949, 91, 33265, 27807, 15, 1292, 835, 513, 368, 564, 1024, 32, 1359, 513, 368, 755, 3053, 32, 831, 3389, 31901, 281, 7102, 368, 2112, 326, 1854, 15, 187, 187, 3633, 11797, 187, 187, 11778, 368, 1239, 253, 2905, 14997, 313, 10387, 253, 5701, 6177, 14566, 2218, 326, 13, 452, 368, 1239, 2905, 12209, 9319, 390, 5311, 9319, 13, 604, 667, 32, 187, 187, 6723, 253, 10296, 275, 634, 10861, 873, 32, 313, 3980, 476, 368, 2619, 598, 253, 2424, 6936, 4541, 327, 634, 1211, 14677, 187, 187, 3404, 436, 1127, 13, 604, 368, 1472, 6110, 275, 247, 1798, 2199, 840, 368, 1537, 7703, 562, 247, 31854, 327, 48674, 281, 2319, 253, 2199, 285, 3037, 625, 670, 752, 352, 36782, 15, 1723, 13, 346, 5371, 513, 309, 513, 1735, 865, 310, 417, 253, 987, 1953, 281, 320, 7004, 15, 6758, 5644, 441, 281, 27, 187, 187, 27347, 9172, 327, 48674, 187, 187, 6175, 352, 434, 2032, 326, 346, 9088, 403, 642, 21413, 3533, 995, 627, 403, 1805, 285, 7197, 5053, 281, 1642, 690, 3533, 15, 10036, 13, 30680, 35, 1949, 91, 14280, 281, 5206, 3484, 665, 8139, 476, 1089, 9172, 281, 616, 1211, 3533, 15, 1707, 403, 671, 1805, 285, 7197, 4088, 281, 1642, 15, 187, 187, 9917, 13, 1078, 368, 1642, 247, 1953, 275, 48674, 13, 452, 368, 10141, 253, 25278, 281, 923, 604, 634, 1953, 556, 2168, 644, 9577, 32, 1310, 352, 11210, 626, 644, 13, 1908, 7004, 634, 1953, 627, 604, 368, 1158, 326, 253, 7897, 664, 10641, 651, 1361, 643, 3484, 347, 973, 15, 187, 187, 8620, 3533, 313, 32045, 10, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1353, 2819, 387, 13571, 1594, 13, 533, 309, 476, 626, 18302, 352, 15, 380, 13571, 2296, 326, 253, 401, 18848, 3239, 556, 642, 401, 18848, 6409, 13, 533, 672, 309, 564, 281, 253, 3239, 309, 923, 352, 15, 380, 6409, 310, 671, 627, 672, 309, 2412, 275, 313, 42, 923, 326, 253, 8954, 67, 3239, 556, 690, 5777, 1027, 8770, 323, 24917, 275, 4212, 6844, 187, 187, 3, 53, 21315, 714, 2296, 326, 359, 878, 281, 823, 247, 346, 15227, 3, 1673, 281, 512, 7180, 13, 533, 2506, 626, 1333, 752, 253, 7180, 403, 15, 309, 1849, 1119, 7180, 327, 3239, 247, 13, 270, 13, 260, 285, 277, 15, 6272, 627, 667, 643, 4394, 326, 878, 281, 320, 3686, 494, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2374, 13571, 1503, 13, 627, 403, 767, 1896, 5482, 323, 16161, 253, 1895, 15, 309, 1158, 326, 2181, 247, 310, 253, 1805, 4500, 984, 37866, 4414, 14482, 309, 564, 6386, 342, 436, 2900, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1353, 2820, 281, 873, 598, 247, 1980, 11412, 35, 1949, 91, 4771, 13, 533, 755, 654, 2520, 2228, 13208, 733, 4453, 751, 5522, 1269, 310, 5816, 13, 533, 309, 8038, 352, 285, 1335, 755, 253, 1072, 2228, 15, 2615, 11853, 1127, 479, 275, 253, 987, 3884, 865, 187, 187, 3650, 14, 601, 14, 12311, 3533, 313, 32045, 10, 187, 187, 3, 8262, 13, 476, 11853, 3662, 619, 3533, 670, 443, 2598, 36, 865, 187, 187, 5498, 626, 1642, 281, 1642, 13, 816, 1642, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2347, 513, 309, 1265, 15979, 865, 187, 187, 2042, 436, 5474, 2506, 626, 1361, 368, 755, 3053, 13, 4496, 294, 14, 1088, 253, 1390, 2593, 15, 187, 187, 3, 7161, 476, 309, 923, 253, 2603, 2127, 865, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 253, 3686, 273, 1953, 326, 368, 943, 320, 2104, 281, 3662, 323, 4834, 407, 12203, 253, 35372, 16, 13880, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10419, 14, 17695, 2180, 310, 634, 4839, 281, 7568, 326, 368, 1472, 17194, 13, 326, 368, 1472, 2104, 281, 8415, 3237, 327, 634, 1211, 15, 1310, 16, 9453, 634, 10419, 310, 913, 336, 8337, 264, 13, 840, 273, 2282, 9022, 641, 588, 789, 342, 368, 581, 14, 251, 14, 531, 15, 187, 187, 3633, 4704, 187, 187, 4045, 625, 32110, 27, 187, 187, 11778, 368, 1119, 285, 26877, 253, 4623, 19421, 30905, 9, 84, 10, 285, 2218, 247, 5547, 1980, 12692, 32, 187, 187, 11778, 368, 3597, 18505, 247, 1643, 1355, 19775, 16, 22402, 32, 5815, 2199, 556, 697, 1211, 2173, 7680, 7997, 13, 533, 253, 5044, 24824, 310, 253, 1072, 15, 7890, 253, 2523, 40143, 281, 1089, 1633, 281, 789, 327, 13, 285, 897, 22393, 281, 11929, 20412, 15, 187, 187, 24397, 323, 634, 806, 2523, 281, 789, 327, 32, 15358, 12203, 323, 3374, 27214, 346, 24393, 1216, 995, 346, 8620, 3973, 32134, 3, 3966, 15, 187, 187, 3633, 281, 789, 187, 187, 510, 5697, 7223, 6266, 3237, 326, 3198, 281, 320, 14042, 15, 733, 434, 598, 281, 368, 281, 1705, 598, 342, 247, 2900, 285, 247, 2098, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 417, 253, 629, 835, 368, 943, 320, 7004, 323, 1361, 15, 831, 310, 253, 629, 835, 368, 921, 441, 326, 368, 2096, 253, 1895, 285, 326, 368, 452, 247, 1175, 2098, 323, 18505, 352, 15, 313, 3039, 16, 604, 368, 1472, 6777, 323, 253, 2086, 13, 840, 273, 2282, 9022, 641, 588, 320, 627, 281, 1361, 2698, 187, 187, 1231, 7052, 1804, 326, 13893, 3484, 5007, 42000, 273, 616, 18595, 281, 776, 25278, 1078, 597, 4647, 327, 253, 443, 2598, 36, 4422, 15, 19711, 27, 187, 187, 13881, 27, 187, 187, 25935, 27, 187, 187, 36, 484, 1979, 27, 187, 187, 48144, 3295, 27, 187, 187, 45, 10321, 27, 187, 187, 35, 606, 39052, 6262, 8707, 43968, 560, 187, 187, 8620, 9055, 2, 1623, 20280, 331, 87, 1348, 15, 5374, 368, 476, 1089, 24131, 257, 342, 253, 2579, 5112, 33717, 272, 323, 3522, 15, 187, 7865, 427, 1190, 1240, 390, 5007, 247, 37100, 285, 4264, 15, 380, 954, 4633, 9890, 1499, 14298, 275, 2846, 43968, 560, 310, 329, 46877, 15, 187, 7673, 840, 818, 2090, 6068, 14285, 323, 617, 15, 29355, 2, 42, 452, 642, 2934, 752, 281, 513, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1953, 27, 187, 187, 9, 66, 10, 7890, 253, 7212, 281, 3653, 253, 767, 2740, 14, 9154, 2792, 323, 436, 11662, 15, 22883, 1060, 326, 253, 11662, 11330, 253, 5261, 18145, 275, 8336, 273, 2456, 13, 594, 247, 2829, 9978, 4645, 427, 275, 4471, 1868, 273, 2456, 310, 4569, 15, 187, 187, 1713, 49875, 16, 6972, 313, 6795, 254, 1318, 10, 187, 1713, 49875, 16, 6972, 313, 9388, 1063, 1318, 10, 187, 187, 9, 67, 10, 7890, 253, 7212, 281, 3653, 253, 3275, 1268, 387, 534 ]

} }; Along with preventing cancellation/close you are free to indicate this by showing a message box suggesting use to wait until the pending operation is completed, or otherwise display a notification (e.g. flash a static control etc.) Business description (2) Colombo Liquors can be found at White Horse Pike N 540. The following is offered: Alcoholic Beverages. The entry is present with us since Sep 10, 2010 and was last updated on Nov 14, 2013. In Magnolia there are 2 other Alcoholic Beverages. An overview can be found here.name: "Patrick Robinson" twitter: "drnemski" bio: "I have worked as a systems/devops engineer for 5 years mostly on large distributed platforms. I am easily bored with repetitive work and find myself constantly trying to automate myself out of a job, but alas have not yet succeeded. I currently work at Envato, an e-commerce company specialising in creative digital media. My current technical interests are container orchestration and learning Golang and Elixir." Bradykinin preconditioning modulates aquaporin-4 expression after spinal cord ischemic injury in rats. The study investigated whether bradykinin (BK) preconditioning could regulate the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) using an in vivo transient spinal cord ischemia model in rats. BK was infused continuously via the left femoral artery with infusion pump for 15 min (10 microg/kg/min) then we induced ischemia for 20 min and reperfusion for 24 and 72 h respectively. The results demonstrated that the central part of the white matter exhibited loss of perivascular AQP4 and showed a partial recovery toward 72 h of reperfusion. The border zone of white matter was different from the central part of the white matter by showing no loss of perivascular AQP4 at 24 h of reperfusion but rather a slight increase. BK significantly reduced the expression level of AQP4 protein in the white matter, but it had none of this effect in the gray matter region at 72 h post-reperfusion. There was no difference in AQP4 protein levels between BK group and control group at the two above-mentioned spinal cord regions at 24 h after reperfusion. In addition, the changes in AQP4 protein induced by BK preconditioning were obvious at 72 h after reperfusion, which were accompanied by a reduction of spinal cord edema. Our results demonstrated that the expression of AQP4 protein after spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion was region-specific, time-dependent and also indicated that the attenuation of AQP4 expression induced by BK could be one of the important molecular mechanisms in physiopathology of spinal cord ischemic edema.A British court has sentenced the man who carried out a deadly vehicle ramming attack near a mosque in London last year to life in prison. In June, Darren Osborne killed one worshipper and wounded several others in the Finsbury Park area of North London while the area was busy with worshippers leaving late evening prayers during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. On Friday, a judge sentenced Osborne to a minimum 43-year prison term after he was found guilty of murder and attempted murder the previous day. During the trial, jurors heard how Osborne had intended to attack a march celebrating "Jerusalem Day" earlier on June 18 but was unable to. The 48-year-old from the Welsh city of Cardiff then drove around the English capital until he settled on the target in Finsbury Park just before midnight. A group of worshippers had gathered around 51-year-old grandfather Makram Ali, who had collapsed, when Osborne drove his vehicle into the group, killing Ali. Witnesses told the court that Osborne shouted: "I've done my job," before being caught and restrained by passersby while trying to escape. In court, he had attempted to defend himself against the charges of murder and attempted murder by claiming that an accomplice named Dave had taken his place in the driver's seat during the attack. However, he was unable to provide an explanation as to why CCTV footage showed only one person in the car. Sue Hemming from the British Crown Prosecution Service said Osborne was motivated by his "hatred of Muslims". "He later invented an unconvincing story to counter the overwhelming weight of evidence, but the jury has convicted him," she said. "We have been clear throughout that this was a terrorist attack, and he must now face the consequences of his actions."So you're looking to apply for Google Summer of Code, GSoC, and you find the idea of MusicBrainz or some other project under the MetaBrainz umbrella intriguing. But where do you go now? How do you get started? This document intends to guide you along that path. Get inspired Have you read the related tickets (including the comments)? Having done that, have you read related forum posts or blog posts, if any? Are the technologies in your skill set? (Or can you pick up the required skills quickly on your own?) At this point, if you're interested in a particular project then you might seek out a mentor on IRC to discuss the project and learn more about what it entails. However, "what do I do next?" is not the right question to be asking. Which leads us to: Getting answers on IRC While it's true that "there are no dumb questions", there are better and worse places to ask some questions. Again, MetaBrainz tends to choose students who … can find answers to their own questions. There are also better and worse ways to ask. Also, before you ask a question in IRC, have you checked the forums to see if your question has already been answered? If it hasn't been, consider asking your question there if you think that the answewr would help other students as well. Good questions (examples) "I'm looking at ticket X, but I can't reproduce it. The ticket says that the Frob page has no Frob button, but when I go to the page I see it. The button is also there when I log in (I see that the frob page has some slightly different behaviour for logged in users)" "Ticket Y says that we need to add a "sort" field to all tables, but doesn't say what the tables are. I've found tables on page a, b, c and d. Are there any other ones that need to be sortable?" "On ticket Z, there are two possible solutions for solving the problem. I think that thing a is the better option because ______. Should I go ahead with this solution?" "I'm trying to set up a local MusicBrainz server, but get <this error>. It looks like package x is missing, but I installed it and still get the same error. Can somebody point me in the right direction?" Not-so-good questions (examples) "Hey, can somebody answer my questions about GSoC?" Don't ask to ask, just ask. "How do I start contributing?" If this doc doesn't help you get started, please re-read the last section. "Where can I see the source code?" This is the sort of question that you should be able to answer for yourself by searching the wiki/docs. The proposal-writing period is your chance to demonstrate that you're motivated, that you're able to solve problems on your own. If/when your proposal is accepeted, then of course mentors will work with you one-on-one. Get ready Do more homework: Have you found and cloned the relevant git repo(s) and done a successful local installation? Have you tried fixing a few small bugs/issues? Each project has its own specific contribution instructions, but the basic workflow is the same. Use the issue tracker to find something to work on, and use Git to submit patches. Looking for your first issue to work on? Try searching for issues labelled "Beginner", "Good First Bug" etc. Get to work The ideas pages describe problems that needs to be solved. It's up to you to come up with a solution and a plan. This is not the part where you should be asking for help. This is the part where you show us that you understand the problem and that you have a good plan for fixing it. (When/ if you're chosen for the program, then of course mentors will be there to help.) We strongly suggest that prospective students send drafts of their proposals to our forums before they apply on the GSoC website.Age: Height: Weight: Cup size: Eye color: Languages: Bangkok escorts Cypress Good afternoon! On portal stv24.info you can find Kristen with the service French Kissing for date. Call Nylah or send a SMS and enjoy. The most popular Italian sluts in city Cypress is Ayla. More then 769 guys voted for her. Join!I have no idea what to do. The question: (a) Use the formula to determine the two break-even points for this manufacturer. Assume here that the manufacturer produces the widgets in blocks of 50, so a table setup showing N in multiples of 50 is appropriate. ____widgets/mo (smaller value) ____widgets/mo (larger value) (b) Use the formula to determine the production level at which

[ 7574, 1877, 18177, 1537, 8773, 285, 523, 312, 4024, 1327, 14, 4371, 1245, 24984, 41919, 273, 11789, 13, 3966, 537, 187, 187, 42, 651, 320, 6110, 275, 634, 2380, 281, 436, 1953, 27, 1680, 352, 253, 7574, 1877, 5700, 326, 310, 3430, 13, 390, 310, 352, 760, 3430, 984, 6380, 11369, 369, 8523, 908, 281, 16270, 253, 7574, 1877, 18177, 32, 187, 187, 42, 9101, 368, 285, 309, 3164, 1912, 626, 5194, 327, 253, 16108, 273, 253, 14072, 11789, 7574, 1877, 2199, 13, 533, 309, 717, 6110, 275, 634, 7906, 15, 187, 187, 1473, 71, 1479, 15853, 15, 2030, 394, 13, 4240, 187, 187, 4374, 13, 21473, 588, 1581, 323, 4517, 42108, 384, 90, 708, 30990, 13, 1633, 326, 253, 1794, 38846, 16, 10398, 4491, 943, 10112, 347, 13, 2556, 281, 616, 4653, 6671, 13, 436, 812, 1329, 616, 4491, 45095, 326, 443, 6329, 84, 708, 21430, 21047, 403, 4999, 15, 3944, 1358, 2700, 15, 356, 3326, 1451, 297, 782, 292, 15, 681, 16, 6961, 16, 805, 16, 783, 14, 856, 84, 14, 395, 14, 5040, 14, 1171, 14, 527, 1887, 14, 71, 28456, 15, 2974, 187, 187, 8983, 247, 22955, 187, 187, 1394, 1557, 670, 6938, 3374, 15, 1893, 513, 359, 2, 187, 187, 11212, 598, 1024, 323, 776, 1794, 14, 11151, 314, 25144, 285, 368, 1833, 755, 253, 6323, 6281, 432, 31790, 571, 8549, 4951, 281, 634, 34272, 15, 5757, 1864, 23710, 34130, 8010, 56, 1277, 9149, 46611, 428, 38465, 495, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 7015, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3597, 281, 18578, 48877, 262, 32710, 281, 1091, 281, 5427, 285, 346, 1664, 253, 1569, 3, 1309, 247, 4804, 275, 4693, 275, 2552, 533, 253, 33067, 1483, 3438, 309, 3859, 12145, 753, 344, 11372, 346, 26039, 281, 521, 1495, 3, 604, 344, 2210, 896, 15, 346, 42, 1313, 48877, 262, 32710, 275, 4693, 1475, 4260, 14, 6791, 436, 807, 285, 2546, 779, 281, 1091, 281, 5427, 281, 2454, 253, 1569, 15, 754, 753, 754, 369, 417, 11926, 670, 2219, 4724, 1411, 779, 533, 369, 10268, 247, 3988, 4322, 285, 4469, 4468, 689, 253, 4322, 281, 521, 1495, 15, 36072, 13, 309, 574, 644, 2183, 407, 271, 3565, 670, 3988, 4322, 281, 48877, 262, 32710, 937, 367, 1403, 274, 2183, 16817, 3063, 15, 187, 187, 49, 4037, 38, 27, 6398, 24517, 9753, 8308, 12683, 4530, 13560, 6897, 301, 86, 3063, 574, 5322, 3000, 323, 427, 5305, 4007, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 1157, 3981, 344, 22694, 367, 1403, 274, 434, 346, 88, 261, 3335, 285, 2793, 3446, 1284, 16386, 281, 4385, 327, 12128, 8308, 6897, 5047, 376, 32710, 434, 3908, 1309, 521, 4143, 281, 4033, 312, 8657, 326, 344, 313, 4120, 74, 10, 16382, 253, 3438, 8083, 28079, 9843, 1046, 1770, 13, 6897, 301, 86, 753, 346, 49, 1403, 274, 310, 271, 7407, 637, 285, 309, 1675, 521, 15799, 347, 247, 9843, 15, 346, 6897, 301, 86, 13, 665, 369, 1060, 281, 6780, 26751, 273, 253, 32710, 2208, 1309, 581, 807, 273, 427, 4877, 4086, 13, 671, 753, 13, 346, 49, 1403, 274, 310, 26415, 281, 253, 8825, 313, 16935, 1058, 618, 506, 2128, 70, 419, 74, 6844, 187, 187, 24650, 38336, 18469, 27, 22607, 2200, 387, 37747, 549, 250, 1032, 281, 14768, 17808, 281, 22504, 3127, 13, 933, 43813, 13, 427, 5305, 7015, 285, 3438, 28079, 8308, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 3977, 247, 31896, 281, 12128, 8308, 6897, 5047, 376, 32710, 17905, 326, 253, 12169, 2794, 8618, 6391, 5739, 281, 19590, 562, 7942, 14, 7873, 1272, 47452, 15, 380, 31896, 13, 11616, 26058, 13, 15572, 273, 253, 820, 14, 7105, 29492, 285, 253, 5396, 34073, 28750, 7115, 313, 1830, 3788, 582, 5439, 3374, 2438, 663, 1076, 253, 8618, 4491, 342, 253, 12128, 8308, 15, 346, 1147, 310, 247, 2647, 273, 16102, 4468, 326, 253, 16383, 35778, 549, 250, 1032, 273, 776, 25822, 3178, 1351, 14768, 323, 4059, 14, 1010, 8618, 12396, 3815, 310, 689, 22504, 3127, 13, 933, 43813, 13, 253, 4585, 2455, 275, 253, 2892, 273, 253, 5396, 8618, 8776, 937, 367, 1403, 274, 753, 275, 253, 6779, 1160, 281, 253, 12128, 8308, 15, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 16, 51, 1194, 1322, 40, 3027, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 3918, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 7052, 31521, 1272, 273, 346, 7385, 28954, 4542, 3, 2011, 407, 2176, 13557, 275, 6789, 327, 378, 41265, 2221, 7873, 6470, 1342, 21128, 387, 521, 12913, 846, 521, 9611, 275, 253, 6752, 4352, 14, 395, 14, 6321, 1083, 15, 346, 4553, 253, 35015, 2111, 11844, 327, 8330, 13, 627, 497, 690, 13557, 665, 3395, 25732, 445, 394, 28954, 3258, 285, 11580, 6470, 1342, 21128, 387, 521, 12913, 15, 831, 369, 26016, 15, 346, 4967, 513, 13557, 878, 281, 921, 1600, 275, 436, 313, 44, 5582, 10, 1083, 672, 253, 7829, 452, 2168, 4817, 616, 31536, 32, 187, 187, 51, 1194, 1322, 40, 3027, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 3918, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 17801, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 434, 1462, 273, 18327, 253, 500, 1942, 522, 321, 13805, 1612, 2199, 1223, 1146, 275, 23158, 342, 35655, 285, 2378, 969, 47466, 387, 253, 6387, 273, 3569, 1524, 5930, 275, 12828, 31210, 49604, 15, 308, 21489, 281, 16817, 387, 399, 522, 10424, 2822, 1060, 275, 18194, 79, 356, 19283, 3286, 13, 367, 1403, 274, 4860, 326, 512, 778, 417, 320, 973, 275, 253, 35655, 14, 2809, 400, 4673, 66, 23158, 285, 253, 618, 567, 1406, 17760, 778, 629, 4088, 15, 346, 510, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 556, 2266, 21915, 281, 253, 500, 1942, 522, 321, 13805, 1612, 2199, 2167, 352, 310, 275, 1612, 2112, 342, 253, 35655, 15, 733, 2097, 253, 5083, 670, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 434, 1524, 1462, 588, 1705, 562, 275, 1345, 3517, 15, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 7015, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 13072, 281, 4385, 327, 253, 3916, 326, 762, 10186, 1053, 12073, 5308, 309, 44147, 1157, 581, 273, 253, 4335, 10145, 275, 9725, 32111, 787, 9346, 13, 3078, 281, 23277, 15, 367, 1403, 274, 13, 665, 369, 253, 7015, 9843, 273, 12828, 31210, 49604, 275, 2393, 7901, 84, 13, 13072, 281, 4385, 672, 2546, 407, 16817, 387, 29730, 606, 23388, 670, 5012, 326, 12073, 5308, 574, 5907, 281, 23277, 15, 28351, 19950, 9651, 15605, 3532, 254, 1432, 34946, 275, 271, 4572, 281, 247, 3872, 5312, 1390, 2129, 13, 369, 15212, 347, 3981, 12073, 5308, 13, 27214, 407, 253, 1982, 347, 686, 52, 2998, 11405, 456, 11841, 31199, 382, 1383, 574, 1694, 275, 5181, 342, 779, 285, 3078, 281, 23277, 13, 533, 253, 2098, 369, 9200, 1272, 407, 253, 2208, 15, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 7015, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 5125, 326, 12828, 31210, 49604, 8672, 778, 320, 13590, 323, 247, 3569, 1524, 5930, 342, 253, 23158, 875, 35655, 285, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 1157, 326, 434, 275, 1612, 275, 253, 1375, 13, 10155, 598, 1078, 253, 4240, 32111, 35857, 22207, 15, 346, 42, 452, 644, 2183, 436, 407, 3095, 275, 253, 2208, 3139, 937, 344, 753, 15, 754, 1160, 253, 5701, 1223, 8288, 281, 18680, 275, 29730, 606, 23388, 15, 496, 253, 25911, 14, 14360, 12828, 31210, 49604, 7796, 13, 35655, 556, 17115, 2758, 13, 3307, 2159, 273, 247, 5020, 13, 1223, 4673, 66, 556, 9654, 15, 1310, 4673, 66, 10687, 84, 1329, 13, 627, 812, 320, 247, 4260, 14, 3945, 8461, 390, 427, 5305, 651, 452, 281, 1329, 253, 2208, 13, 2057, 407, 1146, 629, 273, 352, 390, 407, 8109, 352, 432, 3345, 15, 187, 187, 34, 3322, 14375, 2925, 2350, 27, 427, 5305, 4007, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 23776, 253, 3045, 273, 1876, 5427, 18410, 38466, 14, 70, 14, 1147, 442, 10178, 335, 4878, 77, 553, 257, 275, 29730, 606, 23388, 21209, 13739, 6132, 347, 816, 247, 2938, 413, 13, 285, 753, 326, 4676, 751, 329, 2894, 2894, 513, 417, 1390, 1048, 15, 346, 7834, 447, 751, 329, 2894, 2894, 513, 417, 1390, 1048, 313, 13467, 263, 595, 10, 285, 778, 320, 562, 273, 253, 313, 33979, 10, 23192, 1561, 247, 807, 390, 767, 937, 367, 1403, 274, 753, 19392, 281, 247, 7316, 327, 253, 3045, 273, 253, 8305, 491, 23388, 14, 3169, 3128, 275, 253, 35857, 22207, 2918, 1390, 1770, 15, 11474, 253, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 14, 35, 20198, 23158, 14667, 253, 35857, 2133, 13, 253, 38220, 7937, 249, 30533, 4631, 74, 14, 1070, 3128, 9856, 271, 13943, 3045, 407, 9880, 2030, 13512, 275, 697, 42358, 562, 272, 15, 187, 187, 24650, 38336, 18469, 27, 496, 253, 1708, 273, 427, 5305, 7015, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 434, 5701, 327, 16167, 273, 1110, 3569, 5621, 326, 497, 4321, 629, 273, 5759, 13, 253, 3128, 3063, 4879, 326, 2710, 46881, 452, 26708, 10066, 253, 6897, 5047, 376, 32710, 2208, 275, 13171, 327, 1027, 15530, 15, 5759, 753, 326, 1223, 253, 3420, 6057, 253, 1462, 273, 427, 4877, 17760, 1608, 400, 4673, 66, 285, 14181, 8952, 26932, 327, 253, 2659, 11931, 7641, 13, 378, 30612, 13, 534, 310, 6747, 275, 427, 4877, 285, 4543, 247, 629, 273, 530, 4899, 13, 556, 8884, 326, 3738, 352, 310, 417, 10066, 281, 253, 4081, 10843, 13, 326, 1057, 417, 1599, 352, 588, 6273, 323, 352, 15, 346, 42, 1053, 626, 1158, 352, 310, 1463, 281, 4385, 327, 271, 2060, 434, 5701, 937, 5759, 28179, 3506, 8701, 248, 76, 21193, 6584, 753, 347, 344, 331, 35842, 2590, 273, 37986, 281, 367, 1403, 274, 434, 16157, 15, 187, 187, 46, 5529, 6327, 42, 27, 427, 5305, 3918, 25454, 324, 367, 1403, 274, 3063, 753, 521, 3128, 588, 417, 1329, 253, 2659, 25245, 275, 697, 1246, 830, 347, 352, 1057, 417, 9796, 8570, 273, 2067, 9560, 34510, 285, 588, 6273, 1411, 352, 275, 253, 17549, 5973, 16336, 3227, 15, 346, 42, 452, 13452, 281, 247, 1180, 273, 3569, 4676, 665, 403, 10066, 281, 253, 25245, 15, 380, 2208, 778, 5152, 392, 80, 2721, 352, 275, 253, 45802, 16336, 3227, 1754, 327, 697, 5020, 275, 253, 20672, 3995, 964, 1292, 253, 5406, 588, 320, 1027, 275, 253, 17549, 5973, 16336, 3227, 15, 380, 427, 5305, 588, 6273, 1411, 253, 25245, 275, 253, 24120, 3995, 49870, 367, 1403, 274, 2183, 16817, 1060, 15, 4, 209, 19957, 228, 19780, 115, 37933, 219, 43136, 17598, 103, 11016, 212, 27804, 34609, 5959, 120, 34179, 187, 187, 31, 209, 39673, 20855, 44673, 48950, 29852, 216, 60, 20622, 42013, 880, 3614, 1358, 9198, 15, 12426, 9742, 15, 681, 16, 5430, 14, 14606, 14, 4896, 14, 783, 14, 1405, 2291, 982, 14, 1171, 14, 7585, 14, 11340, 14, 1439, 6787, 14, 1717, 520, 3121, 68, 22, 68, 2417, 69, 10, 6238, 23956, 100, 14377, 6765, 243, 13486, 226, 6238, 18957, 20855, 13499, 218, 12335, 60, 34609, 11894, 217, 7056, 111, 5494, 106, 19957, 112, 28610, 577, 15, 17, 209, 23197, 17783, 216, 14129, 118, 18148, 12363, 226, 14129, 108, 880, 2413, 1358, 20132, 422, 34870, 15, 2061, 16, 17130, 16, 1615, 16, 21, 15, 17, 21714, 7056, 111, 5494, 106, 6238, 15012, 544, 53, 1102, 395, 880, 3614, 1358, 7280, 15, 681, 16, 53, 1102, 395, 10, 4340, 187, 187, 424, 20622, 12105, 16872, 209, 41869, 21275, 39673, 24017, 5225, 24893, 11871, 240, 22701, 243, 4340, 424, 187, 187, 35321, 13610, 14129, 104, 31486, 18751, 221, 44712, 31129, 32365, 27258, 107, 16998, 121, 22044, 19957, 228, 19780, 115, 17598, 103, 11016, 212, 27804, 34609, 18140, 31486, 37373, 20281, 48950, 38242, 36359, 17321, 215, 11016, 243, 6238, 17598, 97, 20557, 97, 29918, 11016, 212, 3193, 226, 33474, 16127, 116, 27804, 34609, 38822, 223, 29427, 5225, 32004, 31949, 16877, 40658, 25538, 29427, 18434, 5494, 106, 9850, 20720, 31486, 13610, 544, 16282, 15268, 880, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 12426, 9742, 15, 681, 22549, 307, 78, 64, 6756, 30, 28672, 7, 307, 78, 64, 28672, 30, 9198, 7, 307, 78, 64, 6071, 30, 14606, 14, 22253, 14, 11340, 14, 1439, 6787, 14, 19, 2109, 10, 209, 12105, 25434, 35201, 14129, 96, 6765, 229, 37208, 12335, 20622, 40951, 11043, 242, 20287, 24370, 6765, 238, 40309, 24308, 5225, 5494, 102, 41230, 11043, 242, 20287, 5225, 4340, 187, 187, 17598, 103, 11016, 212, 27804, 34609, 20622, 9850, 11043, 242, 20287, 13610, 16998, 121, 37062, 22701, 109, 48584, 49344, 48991, 36548, 37895, 108, 14378, 224, 4340, 14274, 34609, 20326, 35201, 6238, 19957, 228, 19780, 115, 22701, 109, 5225, 17598, 103, 11016, 212 ]

fortification trait might escape and contaminate non-fortified indigenous cultivars of rice, etc.. I would be interested in your response to this question: Is it the fortification strategy that is wrong, or is it only wrong because genetic engineering was initially used to acquire the fortification trait? I suspect you and I probably won't agree on the merits of the golden rice fortification project, but I am interested in your thoughts. dafikAug. 25th, 2017 Yes, labeling will allow for trustworhty & accountability, something that the biotech/chem industry should welcome as, according to their PR teams, this could support their industry insistence that GMOs & GE agriculture are safe. http://www.agrotechnomarket.com/2016/12/the-pros-and-cons-of-indoor-farming.html Post a Comment You care about environmental issues. So do we! Sign up now for our bi-weekly newsletter and you'll get the latest stories from Ensia delivered straight to your inbox.ARTICLES ABOUT PAWAR BY DATE - PAGE 3 MUMBAI: NCP chief Sharad Pawar tried to convince Lalit Modi to return to India and "face the law" during a meeting in London in May but the fugitive former IPL boss said he faced "threat to his life" if he came back. "I met Lalit Modi in London around mid-May this year and asked him to return to India to face the law. He said He was not worried about cases filed against him but was facing a security threat and expressed concern over the threat to his life. Earlier, I had been told by an official about security threat to Lalit Modi," Pawar told reporters today. PUNE: Union Urban Development Minister Venkaiah Naidu today had nice words for NCP president Sharad Pawar , saying he respected Pawar's "wisdom and experience". Asked to comment on Prime Minister Narendra Modi's statement during his visit to Baramati that he (Modi) meets the former union Agriculture minister every month, Naidu said "Pawar is an experienced man and I respect his wisdom as a minister. " Naidu, who was here to highlight achievements of the Modi government during one year of NDA rule, also said, "Pawar is rooted to the soil (jamin ke saath jude hai)" NEW DELHI: Worried at cane arrears to farmers mounting to Rs 21,000 crore, NCP chief and former Agriculture Minister Sharad Pawar today led a delegation to Prime Minister Narendra Modi demanding that the Centre create sugar buffer stock to bail out cash-starved mills. The delegation, comprising MPs, representatives of the co-operative factories and the Indian Sugar Mills Association (ISMA), raised issues afflicting the sugar industry with the Prime Minister. "It is a matter of grave concern that the outstanding unpaid arrears of our sugarcane farmers for 2014-15 sugar seasons alone is over Rs 21,000 crore, the highest ever in the history of the Indian sugar sector," Pawar said in the representation made to the Prime Minister. MUMBAI/RATNAGIRI: NCP President Sharad Pawar today strongly disapproved of "enthusiasm" shown by certain politicians in calling on Bollywood superstar Salman Khan at his residence after his conviction in the 2002 hit-and-run case. "After the Sessions Court verdict on Wednesday, there were some politicians who became overenthusiastic and visited Salman Khan at his residence. This was undesirable. "Why do politicians need to show interest in this (Khan) case when the courts have already passed their judgement? RATNAGIRI: NCP President Sharad Pawar today questioned Shiv Sena's stand of opposing the Jaitapur atomic power project while being in alliance with BJP and once again hinted at the possibility of political realignment in Maharashtra. Talking to reporters at Dapoli near here in Ratnagiri district, Pawar indicated that all may not be well in the BJP-Shiv Sena alliance and the saffron allies may part ways. "The Shiv Sena has strong objections to the Jaitapur atomic power project though it is in power along with the BJP. It means the truth about Shiv Sena's real stand will come out in public soon. MUMBAI: NCP chief Sharad Pawar today declined to comment on the claims that underworld don Dawood Ibrahim , one of the prime accused in 1993 Mumbai blasts, wanted to surrender. Pawar, who was the chief minister of Maharashtra in early 1990s, declined to comment when asked by reporters at Aurangabad about reports that Dawood had offered to surrender. Former Delhi Police Commissioner Neeraj Kumar in an interview to a national daily last week, was quoted as saying Dawood, labelled by the US as 'Specially Designated Global Terrorist', had got in touch with him and wanted to surrender, but the plan was shelved by the government. MUMBAI: NCP chief Sharad Pawar suggested that Maharashtra politics may be heading for a political realignment with the alliance between BJP and Shiv Sena , that's in power in the state, breaking up before the 2017 Mumbai civic polls. "I have been told this by someone in the government itself," he said. He made the comments while speaking to journalists in Aurangabad. In the 288-member Maharashtra assembly, BJP has 122 members, 22 short of a majority, while Sena has 63. If Sena withdraws support, there could be a mid-term poll or NCP would have to support the government, either by being part of it or by supporting it from outside. AURANGABAD: NCP president Sharad Pawar today termed the performance of All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen in Aurangabad municipal corporation election as just a fluke, and said that parties like AIMIM do not last long. "Parties like AIMIM do not last long (electorally) and may be out of the (political) arena within a year or two," Pawar said responding to a query on the performance of the Hyderabad-based party in the civic polls held last month. Though the Shiv Sena-BJP alliance retained the civic body, the Assaduddin Owaisi-led party registered an impressive performance by winning 25 seats in its maiden outing. NEW DELHI: In the light of NCP chief Sharad Pawar's comments on unity of those political forces that were earlier part of Congress, the party today noted that various outfits have collectively opposed the Narendra Modi government in Parliament on different occasions. Congress said that while the media knows the stand of NDA allies Shiv Sena and Akali dal on the land acquisition Bill, BJD, which is neither in NDA and nor a part of UPA, has declared that although it is not opposed to the proposed legislation, that does not mean it will vote for it. "I don't think it is proper to comment on an individual's comments," Congress spokesperson Abhishek Singhvi said as he steered clear of reacting to Pawar's remarks. MUMBAI: NCP President Sharad Pawar today said his party will not support the land ordinance in its present form as it does not favour removal of several crucial clauses and will vote against it in the Rajya Sabha. "I have spoken to a number of political parties who are opposed to the ordinance. The government may bulldoze it in the Lok Sabha based on its majority in the Lower House . But the picture will be different in the Rajya Sabha. The NCP will vote against the ordinance in the Upper House ," Pawar told reporters here.# 网页消息推送通知机制 > 原文请查阅[这里](https://blog.sessionstack.com/how-javascript-works-the-mechanics-of-web-push-notifications-290176c5c55d)，略有删减，本文采用[知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可协议](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)共享，BY [Troland](https://github.com/Troland)。 **这是 JavaScript 工作原理的第九章。** 现在让我们把注意力转移到网页推送通知：我们将会查看其构造，探索发送／接收通知背后的过程以及最后分享一下我们在 [SessionStack](https://www.sessionstack.com/?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=blog&utm_content=javascript-series-push-notifications-2nd) 是如何计划利用这些功能来创建新的产品功能的。推送通知这一功能在移动端已经非常普遍。不知为何，网页端的推送

[ 15, 187, 187, 23, 537, 8916, 272, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 27, 15974, 4973, 273, 8493, 1612, 285, 387, 81, 1712, 84, 23, 94, 187, 15256, 33197, 187, 187, 9817, 512, 499, 505, 2352, 13, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 3198, 14809, 285, 8493, 42826, 281, 1612, 697, 10761, 9130, 751, 401, 1719, 2267, 15, 496, 253, 5928, 273, 7963, 15001, 285, 667, 499, 505, 44521, 14809, 16, 2350, 49, 29362, 13, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 556, 281, 6635, 14809, 10380, 15, 496, 253, 19643, 25027, 13, 253, 9436, 273, 21117, 11031, 49, 281, 7239, 40888, 323, 253, 401, 1719, 2267, 390, 7953, 37494, 7178, 3133, 281, 320, 253, 7934, 2603, 273, 14809, 323, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2498, 380, 4884, 310, 6310, 656, 264, 407, 253, 499, 505, 44521, 7239, 40888, 11725, 313, 81, 15659, 582, 534, 310, 38970, 17859, 5799, 432, 39734, 7239, 40888, 30447, 285, 310, 5183, 281, 320, 271, 1049, 280, 43040, 14, 49923, 9548, 313, 81, 15659, 28, 418, 15, 12285, 13, 427, 15, 500, 15, 2790, 1406, 708, 443, 15, 309, 15, 3044, 39, 1911, 257, 13, 27085, 941, 28, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 13210, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1671, 2498, 187, 187, 1992, 23808, 342, 690, 273, 253, 11684, 323, 27556, 1103, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 13, 253, 1963, 4415, 37050, 2108, 247, 4444, 14, 881, 8388, 433, 32747, 14, 1322, 9308, 7433, 39853, 313, 39, 10189, 1933, 1592, 433, 32747, 313, 39, 69, 10, 33825, 985, 13, 534, 2987, 275, 247, 5133, 2074, 281, 253, 1327, 14, 47377, 23744, 401, 10189, 16, 39, 69, 2718, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12730, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3571, 2498, 496, 7963, 23744, 499, 505, 2352, 13, 401, 69, 14488, 14465, 432, 7963, 2468, 309, 285, 253, 3777, 401, 69, 13, 275, 1614, 13, 310, 908, 407, 401, 10189, 281, 4711, 25617, 6663, 432, 25617, 49, 7433, 323, 253, 36858, 5880, 15, 496, 1327, 14, 47377, 23744, 499, 505, 2352, 13, 253, 8388, 433, 32747, 33825, 985, 17209, 275, 253, 8107, 3884, 15, 401, 10189, 6310, 25381, 6488, 3700, 432, 25617, 6663, 281, 401, 69, 13, 534, 840, 6993, 347, 247, 27556, 386, 323, 2710, 9969, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12730, 2498, 496, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 359, 871, 273, 387, 1878, 1264, 4295, 326, 2430, 3777, 401, 69, 27, 5541, 80, 280, 3527, 28180, 313, 42902, 34, 582, 534, 3400, 253, 13741, 20118, 5541, 80, 280, 3527, 281, 253, 444, 19, 20560, 273, 253, 6442, 41, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12971, 9259, 285, 427, 338, 54, 13, 247, 2601, 326, 3400, 247, 32973, 323, 905, 7510, 14, 52, 696, 281, 31237, 327, 1309, 905, 7510, 14, 52, 696, 7368, 9066, 28, 285, 353, 571, 35, 13, 534, 310, 3164, 3206, 275, 253, 11237, 273, 246, 11398, 323, 1049, 280, 43040, 10234, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3571, 2498, 1720, 3518, 6310, 656, 264, 407, 253, 310, 412, 445, 1238, 15666, 23744, 12807, 13, 443, 7693, 38, 313, 42, 1033, 40, 10, 285, 418, 1767, 35, 313, 42, 1033, 41, 582, 671, 2430, 3777, 401, 69, 15, 496, 958, 13, 253, 401, 10189, 16, 39, 69, 985, 556, 644, 5183, 281, 320, 247, 5164, 6488, 30201, 985, 323, 309, 1033, 41, 13, 534, 310, 253, 8351, 9548, 275, 253, 7953, 37494, 7178, 6310, 656, 272, 253, 19645, 3275, 273, 309, 4785, 285, 11085, 18137, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12730, 2498, 1707, 310, 3021, 247, 6832, 8284, 281, 6635, 3777, 401, 69, 13, 594, 835, 1057, 253, 25617, 6663, 326, 26361, 253, 14465, 281, 401, 69, 1705, 432, 32, 187, 187, 688, 6244, 253, 15482, 583, 17016, 7178, 476, 6635, 25617, 6663, 13, 533, 642, 15482, 583, 17016, 7178, 310, 5165, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 273, 475, 49, 15, 46777, 11, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2498, 8035, 2603, 273, 25617, 6663, 275, 4444, 499, 505, 2352, 310, 629, 273, 247, 499, 505, 301, 22471, 7713, 7178, 323, 253, 9436, 273, 19483, 20, 49, 281, 337, 13, 20, 14, 69, 16372, 3895, 19644, 1209, 366, 313, 18, 13, 20, 14, 9308, 7283, 10, 407, 41610, 533, 969, 436, 4500, 4620, 281, 320, 14999, 275, 1049, 280, 4488, 9346, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2498, 2058, 436, 3924, 13, 776, 1682, 5476, 323, 247, 2603, 273, 3777, 7691, 5906, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 310, 281, 22073, 247, 8107, 3884, 273, 253, 10610, 33825, 30201, 326, 24217, 8493, 1612, 432, 7963, 23744, 499, 505, 2352, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 11238, 2498, 329, 8107, 1195, 583, 17016, 16, 20, 14, 13778, 19644, 1209, 366, 313, 20, 14, 49, 7283, 10, 30201, 556, 644, 4081, 281, 3700, 1195, 583, 5124, 684, 432, 253, 48986, 281, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 275, 6431, 323, 495, 14, 49, 7283, 13, 534, 8069, 1543, 275, 253, 5978, 273, 271, 14809, 285, 25617, 6663, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 407, 253, 2250, 273, 253, 499, 505, 301, 14, 6790, 1025, 5124, 19644, 1209, 366, 11725, 3719, 285, 41610, 13, 2975, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 11238, 2498, 4129, 41610, 310, 15783, 281, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 275, 475, 53, 15, 48202, 2886, 11, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 11238, 6660, 436, 9548, 310, 417, 4518, 15783, 281, 253, 1049, 280, 4488, 9346, 273, 643, 27338, 2470, 2420, 575, 18, 1084, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 18269, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 2420, 2536, 187, 187, 42297, 13, 604, 25617, 41, 476, 320, 18528, 347, 247, 27556, 386, 323, 25617, 6663, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 273, 253, 19643, 25027, 13, 253, 1086, 274, 3364, 16499, 273, 7239, 40888, 281, 27802, 14, 40117, 342, 253, 5978, 273, 25617, 41, 432, 25617, 7433, 407, 253, 6442, 41, 2570, 6131, 247, 2442, 2603, 273, 27556, 386, 323, 253, 1963, 4415, 15, 831, 588, 13, 2299, 13, 2847, 247, 1973, 14, 484, 273, 27802, 14, 40117, 534, 812, 2701, 253, 6733, 273, 253, 401, 1719, 2267, 7178, 15, 380, 25027, 651, 840, 452, 281, 23554, 247, 5122, 281, 11399, 436, 13, 4931, 407, 15534, 27951, 253, 6714, 27802, 14, 40117, 432, 253, 1963, 4415, 15, 1310, 27802, 14, 40117, 497, 34652, 432, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 13, 352, 651, 18289, 878, 38461, 15, 743, 12994, 13, 533, 15846, 35377, 13, 10076, 651, 320, 281, 13474, 30868, 27802, 14, 40117, 281, 253, 10162, 83, 279, 13, 534, 19756, 247, 6442, 41, 281, 6635, 27802, 14, 40117, 323, 697, 308, 4280, 5880, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 12971, 2498, 16912, 272, 11031, 49, 13, 22022, 352, 281, 7239, 40888, 13, 840, 22022, 253, 7239, 40888, 281, 27802, 14, 40117, 326, 369, 6294, 85, 1070, 281, 253, 10162, 83, 279, 651, 2085, 247, 2097, 281, 11322, 253, 14809, 285, 25617, 41, 23835, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 347, 973, 347, 253, 24874, 27802, 14, 40117, 19094, 275, 253, 10162, 83, 279, 13, 533, 253, 4616, 273, 27802, 14, 40117, 2439, 512, 1110, 15403, 4558, 247, 7929, 34630, 323, 436, 1501, 1427, 15, 187, 187, 53, 9518, 342, 253, 34002, 273, 253, 4444, 14, 881, 401, 10189, 16, 39, 69, 33825, 985, 275, 253, 3167, 894, 13, 697, 10171, 275, 247, 2491, 273, 9130, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 2789, 352, 271, 12994, 2854, 2303, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3571, 2498, 27692, 13, 253, 985, 310, 671, 4704, 323, 8870, 2854, 2216, 1580, 17829, 8350, 1491, 273, 253, 2060, 401, 10189, 285, 401, 69, 275, 28422, 29951, 285, 6244, 403, 2130, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1540, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 23, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 2945, 2498, 3932, 253, 401, 69, 16, 39, 10189, 33825, 985, 310, 3206, 275, 8376, 14, 446, 505, 301, 905, 7510, 14, 52, 696, 7368, 9066, 13, 697, 6349, 310, 2007, 19588, 275, 253, 16941, 273, 905, 7510, 14, 52, 696, 9959, 275, 2067, 1049, 280, 43040, 12807, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3571, 2498, 380, 5164, 8453, 273, 253, 33825, 4667, 556, 671, 644, 40101, 406, 595, 5183, 407, 253, 19125, 318, 273, 253, 5787, 5016, 273, 401, 69, 285, 401, 10189, 275, 475, 49, 15, 46777, 11, 4102, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1619, 2498, 187, 187, 24, 537, 28429, 317, 7383, 2554, 273, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 27, 440, 3385, 3485, 253, 38037, 15498, 485, 273, 253, 1963, 4415, 1712, 84, 24, 94, 187, 15256, 49915, 187, 187, 34, 2442, 1039, 281, 789, 562, 253, 2554, 273, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 1561, 253, 25027, 310, 281, 1089, 562, 752, 4566, 275, 285, 562, 273, 253, 1963, 4415, 15, 2896, 13654, 327, 253, 7394, 39160, 1532, 783, 4324, 33978, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 15403, 1532, 664, 476, 3524, 281, 755, 247, 29679, 273, 6431, 875, 253, 767, 10471, 15, 380, 806, 1049, 280, 43040, 6384, 4324, 281, 320, 3636, 497, 367, 11125, 53, 5736, 285, 367, 4786, 53, 5736, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3079, 6660, 285, 2067, 625, 6384, 4324, 452, 1024, 644, 27819, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 273, 475, 53, 15, 48202, 2886, 2992, 10775, 253, 268, 5736, 44608, 489, 42784, 2088, 53, 18, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1630, 6660, 247, 6384, 25223, 42784, 39, 1641, 41, 18, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 10768, 6660, 247, 32788, 2149, 32747, 14, 3022, 2601, 329, 2290, 89, 18, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1047, 6660, 285, 1049, 280, 43040, 2601, 28450, 4445, 42784, 53, 280, 938, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 2227, 6660, 308, 280, 1423, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1731, 3291, 285, 12658, 18, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1731, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 2251, 2498, 3900, 359, 452, 638, 585, 6991, 27367, 273, 253, 3470, 273, 42784, 2088, 53, 18, 13, 42784, 53, 280, 938, 13, 308, 280, 1423, 285, 12658, 18, 13, 253, 9503, 273, 42784, 39, 1641, 41, 18, 285, 329, 2290, 89, 18, 403, 1679, 4755, 15, 2726, 253, 6517, 273, 329, 2290, 89, 18, 13, 352, 4620, 326, 3969, 26663, 955, 671, 2226, 275, 253, 9128, 273, 475, 49, 15, 46777, 11, 285, 352, 3133, 2779, 326, 253, 1049, 280, 43040, 6384, 13503, 588, 320, 10870, 313, 44, 1596, 255, 11938, 475, 292, 355, 4556, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1630, 2947, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 10768, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1047, 2194, 1008, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1610, 2498, 187, 187, 12168, 272, 6095, 323, 1049, 280, 43040, 4324, 403, 12054, 973, 7192, 323, 475, 3493, 45049, 1514, 11, 285, 475, 53, 1004, 48978, 2992, 841, 1146, 281, 954, 10649, 494, 2718, 21657, 15, 32312, 352, 369, 1869, 326, 1049, 280, 43040, 4324, 2424, 247, 49240, 427, 14, 14104, 6657, 323, 12262, 533, 367, 4786, 53, 5736, 13, 534, 19756, 247, 6657, 285, 8571, 281, 253, 8346, 1049, 280, 43040, 6384, 5611, 247, 747, 22199, 15, 16181, 37650, 1420, 17891, 1411, 253, 21885, 273, 475, 49, 15, 46777, 11, 285, 475, 53, 15, 48202, 2886, 11, 323, 2442, 1049, 280, 43040, 38461, 342, 247, 49240, 6657, 497, 8523, 3710, 281, 367, 11125, 53, 5736, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 3208, 2498, 1284, 625, 6384, 4295, 403, 4950, 275, 253, 1049, 280, 4488, 9346, 273, 475, 3493, 45049, 1514, 11, 285, 475, 53, 1004, 48978, 2992, 247, 747, 1049, 280, 43040, 14, 7831, 272, 7178, 3907, 273, 271, 427, 14, 14104, 49240, 6657, 556, 13082, 2479, 51, 1267, 35, 1518, 2270, 25671, 36, 1610, 2498, 496, 42784, 2088, 53, 18, 13, 42784, 39, 1641, 41, 18, 285, 329, 2290, 89, 18, 13 ]

. 6.. Powering the apicoplast: addressing sources of reducing power and atp {#s6} ========================================================================= Like all plastids, the apicoplast needs ATP and reducing equivalents to power its metabolic pathways like FASII. In the absence of photosynthesis and any plastidic ATP/ADP transporter, the apicoplast has to generate ATP somehow. In the malaria parasite, the conversion of imported PEP to pyruvate for the FASII or DOXP pathway seems to be the sole source of ATP for the apicoplast ([@RSTB20090273C56]). The reaction is catalysed by the plastidic pyruvate kinase (pPK), which is phylogenetically distinct from cytosolic pyruvate kinases and is demonstrated to be an apicoplast-resident enzyme (pPK; L. Lim, N. J. Patron & G. I. McFadden, unpublished data; [@RSTB20090273C116]; [@RSTB20090273C35]). To cope with some of the demands for reductants in the apicoplast, the organelle harbours a plant-type ferredoxin-NADP^+^ reductase (FNR)/ferredoxin (Fd) redox system, which works in a manner similar to the non-photosynthetic FNR/Fd systems ([@RSTB20090273C115]; [@RSTB20090273C63]). In photosynthetic plastids, Fd receives electrons from photosystem I and the reduced Fd, in turn, is used by FNR to produce NADPH from NADP^+^ for the Calvin cycle. In non-photosynthetic plastids, the ferredoxin redox system operates in the reverse direction. FNR catalyses electron transfer from NADPH to Fd, which then acts as a reductant for various reactions ([@RSTB20090273C115]). In the apicoplast we know of at least three components that require reduced Fd: lipoic acid synthase (LipA), which provides the potent antioxidant lipoic acid to the E2 subunit of the PDH ([@RSTB20090273C106]); and NifU, a protein that provides a scaffold for \[Fe-S\] to assemble on during \[Fe-S\] cluster synthesis; and MiaB, which is probably involved in the modification of tRNAs for apicoplast translation ([@RSTB20090273C56]; [@RSTB20090273C63]). Reactions catalysed by the isoprenoid biosynthetic enzymes, GcpE (IspG) and LytB (IspH), also require reduced Fd. In fact, the FNR/Fd system has been demonstrated to be a functional electron shuttle system for IspH, which is the terminal enzyme in the DOXP pathway catalysing the simultaneous production of IPP and DMAPP ([@RSTB20090273C115]). There is thus a substantial requirement to generate reduced Fd, so where does the NADPH that delivers the electrons to Fd come from? In plants the pentose phosphate pathway can generate NADPH, but no pentose phosphate pathway is apparent in the apicoplast of *P. falciparum* ([@RSTB20090273C56]). Another source of NADPH in plant plastids is part of a plastid glycolytic pathway for the conversion of GA3P to 1,3-diphosphoglycerate (1,3-DPGA) by GAPDH but again this option appears to be lacking in apicoplasts ([@RSTB20090273C56]). At this stage, our best guess for a source of reduced cofactor in the apicoplast is to invoke a reverse direction of the classic redox shuttle that exports reducing power from photosynthetic plastids ([@RSTB20090273C104]). A reverse triose phosphate/3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) shuttle has been proposed to transfer triose phosphates from the cytosol to the apicoplast in exchange for 3-PGA, which effectively results in the generation of an ATP and NADPH in the apicoplast by the action of the plastid-localized phosphoglycerate kinase II and GAPDH, respectively ([@RSTB20090273C56]; [@RSTB20090273C104]). Although GAPDH is localized to the apicoplast in *T. gondii* ([@RSTB20090273C104]), this enzyme is not clearly localized to the apicoplasts of other parasites ([table 1](#RSTB20090273TB1){ref-type="table"}). Alternatively, if NADH can be substituted as a reductant for NADPH in the apicoplast of the malaria parasite, the decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA with the generation of NADH from NAD^+^ by the PDH complex offers a potential source of reductant for the organelle. This will, however, cause a build-up of acetyl-CoA which could limit the efficiency of the FASII pathway. The parasite would then have to evolve a mechanism to overcome this, perhaps by extruding the excess acetyl-CoA from the organelle. If acetyl-CoA were exported from the apicoplast, it would presumably need transporters. An attractive, but purely speculative, scenario would be to export surplus acetyl-CoA to the mitochondrion, which lacks a PDH to generate acetyl-CoA for its TCA cycle ([@RSTB20090273C106]). Importing PEP, converting it to pyruvate, then converting the pyruvate to acetyl-CoA that was shuttled to the mitochondrion would provide a means to resolve the ATP and NADH deficits in the apicoplast as well as the presumed acetyl-CoA deficit in the mitochondrion, but the transport of acetyl-CoA across all those membranes remains a hurdle for this postulation. Together with the uniqueness of the plant-type FNR/Fd redox system in the host cell, its involvement in a range of pathways in the apicoplast makes it an attractive drug target ([@RSTB20090273C63]). Probably, the system is also ready for rational drug design since abundant structural information of the individual FNR and Fd in cyanobacteria and plants are available ([@RSTB20090273C64]; [@RSTB20090273C6]; [@RSTB20090273C42]). Since the Fd/FNR redox system is involved in intra-plastid \[Fe-S\] cluster synthesis, its importance is further implicated in the insertion of \[Fe-S\] clusters in several apicoplast enzymes ([@RSTB20090273C56]; [@RSTB20090273C63]). The functional significance of the redox pair has also been unequivocally demonstrated by the elucidation of the molecular interaction of Fd and FNR in *P. falciparum* recently ([@RSTB20090273C28]). 7.. Intracellular role of the apicoplast: unravelling the elusive permeome of the organelle {#s7} =========================================================================================== A potential way to work out the role of the apicoplast within the parasite is to find out what goes in and out of the organelle. By focusing on the gatekeepers---the proteins residing in the apicoplast membranes---we can hope to get a snapshot of exchange between the two partners. The first apicoplast membrane proteins to be identified were PfiTPT and PfoTPT ([@RSTB20090273C43]), and several more membrane proteins have now been uncovered in the apicoplast of *T. gondii*, namely the pPT orthologue TgAPT1 ([@RSTB20090273C27]), a membrane protease TgFtsH1 ([@RSTB20090273C111]), a thioredoxin-like protein ATrx1 ([@RSTB20090273C14]), and apicoplast protein translocation component TgTic20 ([@RSTB20090273C85]), Tic22 ([@RSTB20090273C26]) and Der1 ([@RSTB20090273C26]; [@RSTB20090273C67]). While we have preconceived notions of the functions of TgAPT1, TgTic20, Tic22 and Der1, the roles of TgFtsH1 and ATrx1 are less obvious. With the exception of ATrx1, it appears that corresponding homologues also exist in the genome of *P. falciparum* and it seems likely that the apicoplast membrane complement will be comparable (Karnataki *et al*. [@RSTB20090273C27],[@RSTB20090273C111]; [@RSTB20090273C14]; [@RSTB20090273C33]). Targeting requirements for apicoplast proteins are reasonably well understood for *Plasmodium* and *Toxoplasma*, these being to most tractable systems experimentally. Initially it was thought that apicoplast proteins required a bipartite N-terminal leader for targeting but PfoTPT, which lacks a leader and targets to the outer apicoplast membrane introduced a new paradigm. Bioinformatic searches against the genomes of *P. falciparum* and *T. gondii* for potential apicoplast transporters with a bipartite leader were initially limited to PfiTPT ([@RSTB20090273C56]). As more membrane components are revealed in the apicoplasts of *Plasmodium* and *Toxoplasma*, a new apicoplast-targeting pathway independent of an N-terminal bipartite leader has emerged ([@RSTB20090273C33]). In TgAPT1, TgFtsH1 and ATrx1,

[ 2877, 64, 881, 22193, 261, 64, 66, 313, 10975, 582, 253, 1332, 310, 64, 66, 6734, 476, 626, 1379, 7301, 8505, 15, 1359, 476, 309, 2451, 604, 619, 1318, 310, 247, 12419, 390, 417, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 18837, 320, 436, 27, 187, 338, 313, 8236, 15, 788, 64, 2877, 64, 881, 6734, 3613, 29144, 9, 10975, 1228, 187, 187, 1394, 476, 897, 29144, 6734, 281, 755, 253, 443, 2548, 273, 667, 941, 1511, 275, 4009, 66, 285, 443, 2548, 310, 752, 253, 1159, 6548, 15, 187, 3614, 1358, 16123, 15, 36957, 15, 2061, 16, 11695, 84, 16, 2838, 66, 16, 5377, 50, 4, 2347, 64, 3088, 64, 42, 64, 788, 64, 783, 64, 40, 2548, 64, 1542, 64, 17873, 15, 20, 39, 187, 3614, 1358, 35654, 15, 36957, 15, 2061, 16, 8456, 14, 3129, 487, 16, 11351, 16, 8456, 14, 3129, 487, 14, 17635, 14, 6910, 15, 2974, 4, 8456, 14, 6219, 14, 788, 14, 2877, 14, 881, 187, 688, 330, 368, 651, 3164, 897, 443, 64, 10560, 64, 35, 4985, 1843, 1539, 27, 187, 3614, 1358, 35654, 15, 36957, 15, 2061, 16, 72, 6082, 16, 11351, 16, 72, 6082, 14, 2548, 14, 21166, 15, 2974, 4, 40, 14, 10560, 14, 35, 4985, 1843, 1539, 27, 20027, 52, 535, 4241, 422, 27, 187, 33925, 2616, 1561, 285, 2190, 4980, 9187, 2784, 2718, 326, 778, 3486, 8825, 20180, 7888, 13, 4444, 14, 18227, 1257, 6355, 13, 285, 4444, 1786, 285, 18053, 15, 187, 187, 30305, 607, 27, 187, 1992, 2939, 253, 32983, 4323, 17646, 327, 6774, 19492, 13, 2067, 17340, 3602, 588, 320, 4080, 275, 33981, 375, 366, 14264, 313, 6217, 10, 285, 1327, 14, 6217, 7353, 14128, 4186, 1100, 13, 8228, 275, 4910, 342, 247, 17646, 273, 33981, 375, 366, 897, 285, 275, 4910, 835, 33981, 375, 366, 556, 417, 644, 908, 323, 253, 2469, 1264, 390, 625, 1107, 15, 380, 1673, 2216, 588, 1581, 14023, 273, 253, 4444, 16381, 275, 12940, 432, 253, 17646, 273, 253, 23420, 985, 4323, 285, 253, 4444, 16381, 407, 2718, 6355, 15, 1847, 1502, 588, 320, 1458, 457, 4618, 407, 1884, 457, 1048, 15, 1198, 9694, 6883, 33981, 375, 366, 13, 253, 23008, 9429, 588, 320, 3732, 387, 470, 15, 2759, 15841, 247, 15, 70, 15, 419, 14, 18, 275, 247, 11084, 418, 3227, 14, 18, 14097, 4644, 387, 247, 3473, 273, 15410, 465, 9387, 672, 38810, 285, 34714, 403, 387, 253, 657, 21, 1253, 55, 22, 285, 657, 22, 1253, 55, 23, 3116, 8661, 13, 2975, 15, 1847, 1502, 417, 6883, 33981, 375, 366, 588, 320, 1133, 14, 664, 16533, 28557, 1309, 253, 5675, 2952, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 247, 8790, 4636, 273, 9942, 285, 1327, 14, 6217, 4186, 1100, 273, 7353, 14128, 6244, 14777, 588, 320, 14870, 390, 417, 14870, 342, 443, 1730, 457, 84, 259, 2878, 313, 2019, 580, 487, 1434, 49068, 8541, 16520, 749, 1033, 15, 425, 1288, 1945, 16520, 481, 1893, 300, 285, 4444, 3530, 588, 320, 2668, 387, 1027, 2069, 4768, 253, 5675, 2952, 13, 285, 24610, 281, 6512, 1641, 6169, 13, 10399, 323, 23281, 285, 20180, 1783, 15, 4, 2594, 2117, 77, 16, 21592, 1641, 16, 21592, 1641, 15, 4789, 285, 2117, 77, 16, 21592, 1641, 16, 16450, 64, 21592, 1641, 15, 4789, 187, 3709, 9, 39655, 11657, 64, 5039, 339, 300, 36, 28330, 10, 187, 187, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 7858, 1539, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 41956, 187, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 41821, 64, 7858, 1539, 21890, 10, 187, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 41956, 187, 187, 338, 313, 33625, 64, 5648, 1277, 1703, 64, 18206, 4449, 4889, 7852, 12548, 10, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 33625, 64, 45468, 24420, 10, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 36, 29225, 64, 37058, 33069, 64, 30216, 64, 5626, 64, 47788, 52, 8160, 10, 187, 7271, 1082, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 33625, 64, 45468, 26194, 10, 187, 7287, 1082, 187, 187, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 47146, 64, 28389, 5479, 1372, 13272, 353, 21203, 1410, 346, 89, 2691, 64, 1540, 93, 39227, 1540, 93, 48099, 1540, 2807, 187, 50276, 338, 313, 3338, 12548, 10, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 41, 13363, 1410, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 57, 1540, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7271, 1082, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 41, 13363, 1410, 64, 57, 1540, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7287, 1082, 187, 7271, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 47146, 64, 28389, 5479, 1372, 13272, 353, 21203, 1410, 346, 1513, 5929, 93, 66, 1116, 1540, 2807, 187, 50276, 338, 5550, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 12771, 10327, 64, 24859, 1838, 64, 49, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 25, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 41, 13363, 1410, 64, 24407, 1540, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7271, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 12771, 10327, 64, 24859, 1838, 64, 49, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 21, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 41, 13363, 1410, 64, 24407, 1237, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7271, 1082, 187, 50274, 8559, 9, 42328, 346, 3902, 273, 330, 29225, 64, 12771, 10327, 64, 24859, 1838, 64, 49, 4816, 92, 36, 29225, 64, 12771, 10327, 64, 24859, 1838, 64, 49, 2311, 310, 417, 4516, 25107, 187, 50276, 7287, 1082, 187, 7271, 1082, 187, 50276, 8559, 9, 42328, 346, 3902, 273, 330, 29225, 64, 47146, 64, 28389, 5479, 1372, 4816, 92, 36, 29225, 64, 47146, 64, 28389, 5479, 1372, 2311, 310, 7202, 285, 2550, 320, 908, 281, 873, 45080, 45, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 51, 5543, 2277, 64, 51, 5543, 1400, 64, 27004, 6901, 41956, 187, 7287, 1082, 535, 187, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 1838, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 47509, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 26173, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 26173, 64, 19499, 4718, 8626, 2925, 7084, 64, 26173, 64, 14524, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 7271, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 1838, 13272, 353, 21203, 1410, 346, 2019, 606, 2807, 187, 50276, 4, 353, 21203, 1410, 594, 359, 755, 1097, 1639, 606, 285, 8217, 2019, 606, 187, 50276, 338, 9, 3338, 12548, 10, 187, 50274, 4, 502, 606, 14, 498, 310, 2716, 7852, 12548, 13, 2716, 21708, 11804, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3207, 14375, 64, 3207, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3207, 14375, 64, 3207, 64, 19499, 4718, 8626, 2925, 7084, 64, 3207, 14375, 64, 3207, 64, 14524, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 7271, 1082, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 2293, 11804, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50274, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 2293, 11804, 64, 19499, 4718, 8626, 2925, 7084, 64, 2293, 11804, 64, 14524, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50274, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 1838, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 2019, 606, 2807, 187, 50272, 4, 8217, 2019, 606, 2506, 626, 452, 298, 26125, 187, 50272, 4, 5987, 1358, 35654, 15, 19934, 15, 681, 16, 37442, 16, 3211, 64, 27631, 21234, 187, 50272, 338, 9, 10311, 330, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 17037, 657, 6117, 2449, 64, 45, 5479, 495, 15, 22, 10, 187, 50270, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 7858, 1539, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 19479, 3671, 266, 262, 907, 30, 282, 518, 2807, 187, 50270, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 41821, 64, 7858, 1539, 8160, 10, 187, 50272, 7287, 1082, 187, 50274, 7287, 1082, 187, 50276, 7287, 1082, 187, 7271, 338, 1587, 8626, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 64, 1838, 13272, 3915, 1848, 34532, 346, 3338, 12548, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 19499, 4718, 8626, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 14524, 64, 19499, 94, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 26107, 2925, 7084, 64, 3338, 12548, 64, 26679, 2795, 6901, 94, 2807, 187, 7271, 1082, 187, 50276, 8559, 9, 42328, 346, 20920, 17963, 27, 7224, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 27550, 3077, 947, 7165, 50276, 38453, 342, 642, 4284, 12201, 2807, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 25409, 64, 27004, 6901, 41956, 187, 50276, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 14524, 64, 27004, 6901, 41956, 187, 7287, 1082, 187, 187, 1178, 9, 2925, 7084, 64, 39032, 64, 48643, 10449, 26107, 36, 29225, 64, 39032, 64, 48643, 10449, 94, 2807, 187, 18, 15, 12276, 187, 19557, 187, 187, 29456, 21568, 1592, 311, 13, 247, 39663, 1238, 326, 556, 644, 7011, 432, 1142, 6244, 1254, 35, 18, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 19, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 20, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 21, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 5413, 556, 1142, 1774, 1786, 14, 13382, 5341, 2538, 13, 824, 347, 20118, 13, 23945, 13, 285, 3270, 14, 13901, 2538, 13, 285, 310, 1929, 281, 6379, 253, 2495, 273, 15110, 13, 1690, 18676, 13, 6769, 13, 285, 31920, 894, 15110, 1254, 35, 22, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 23, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 24, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 25, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 26, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 1656, 2884, 580, 251, 1238, 26988, 1487, 403, 1929, 281, 320, 625, 17829, 685, 616, 39663, 1238, 36401, 275, 6244, 285, 10738, 247, 3862, 2491, 273, 7534, 4712, 15, 2596, 824, 39663, 1238, 26988, 504, 13, 16288, 21568, 1592, 262, 11078, 313, 4530, 21568, 1592, 311, 495, 13, 24, 14, 7341, 3964, 23047, 504, 582, 556, 644, 2011, 281, 452, 247, 1534, 40284, 33863, 1055, 285, 20118, 3607, 275, 7497, 285, 310, 581, 273, 253, 1055, 2616, 273, 10992, 249, 4616, 275, 6244, 1254, 35, 740, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 2947, 35, 883, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 1656, 21160, 15001, 273, 16288, 21568, 1592, 262, 11078, 310, 581, 273, 253, 749, 14, 3967, 1576, 273, 29901, 856, 4029, 1238, 26132, 15, 367, 19692, 856, 4029, 9448, 403, 247, 11117, 1387, 273, 7006, 3206, 275, 4444, 5684, 13, 8350, 1329, 13, 285, 5788, 1254, 35, 805, 14, 10322, 14, 746, 14, 17809, 2597, 1656, 367, 19692, 856, 4029, 1238, 26132, 7866, 342, 253, 4702, 273, 253, 24278, 8898, 3527, 29901, 46677, 13, 534, 310, 275, 1614, 11516, 715, 260, 2966, 12614, 3527, 407, 29901, 46677, 35212, 12865, 511, 313, 49, 1556, 582, 253, 806, 9548, 275, 253, 29901, 856, 4029, 1238, 7178, 15, 330, 2966, 22021, 577, 14, 31810, 38578, 313, 36, 21, 41, 10, 9674, 19889, 13505, 811, 14, 68, 2966, 12614, 3527, 30721, 366, 715, 475, 81, 4842, 20313, 4175, 280, 3527, 13, 534, 310, 840, 19889, 4337, 281, 475, 81, 4842, 20313, 4175, 24592, 14, 40117, 407, 577, 14, 20313, 4175, 366, 14, 40117, 8405, 511, 313, 21, 3207, 481, 475, 81, 4842, 20313, 4175, 24592, 14, 40117, 310, 253, 20379, 323, 1142, 29901, 856, 4029, 1238, 3580, 13, 824, 347, 31431, 968, 285, 39663, 9448, 15 ]

value_type ().is_a (bool), the method is_a () can't take bool apparently. How can I check if my value is a boolean or not? A: Should be this: if (media.get_value_type () != typeof(bool)) You can use typeof () to get the GType of any data type in Vala and GType is what the function returns. https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Vala/FAQ#How_do_I_get_the_GType_for_something.3F https://developer.gnome.org/json-glib/stable/json-glib-JSON-Node.html#json-node-get-value-type In C you would probably use G_TYPE_BOOLEAN: https://developer.gnome.org/gobject/stable/gobject-Type-Information.html#G-TYPE-BOOLEAN:CAPS Objective: Compare factors within and among modern cropping systems that may impact soil microbial communities, plant-microbe interactions, and plant health and productivity. Approach: To assess the weed management legacy on subsequent crops, several agricultural parameters will be measured in glyphosate resistant (GR) and non-GR sweet corn isolines, grown in fields with a legacy of glyphosate use and in fields where glyphosate has not been used for the past three or more years. The field design will allow comparisons of the plant genotype in isolation from the legacy of the farming system management and the plant genotype by systems interactions. Plots will be 15’ wide by 30’ long. For treatments receiving glyphosate, the herbicide will be applied at 0.84 kg a.e. ha-1 in a 130 Lha-1 spray volume at a pressure of 138 kPa when soybean and maize are at the V4–V5 and V5–V6 growth stages, respectively. Plots not receiving glyphosate will be hand-weeded periodically during the growing season. In addition, a subsample of GR and non-GR isolines of sweet corn plants plots will be challenged or not challenged with Goss’s wilt (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis). Soil and plant samples will be taken at different times throughout the growing season, and shipped to Beltsville, MD for nutrient and microbial analysis.# See absl/copts/copts.py and absl/copts/generate_copts.py include(GENERATED_AbseilCopts) set(ABSL_LSAN_LINKOPTS "") set(ABSL_HAVE_LSAN OFF) set(ABSL_DEFAULT_LINKOPTS "") if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS AND MSVC) set(ABSL_BUILD_DLL TRUE) set(CMAKE_WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON) else() set(ABSL_BUILD_DLL FALSE) endif() if("${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}" MATCHES "x86_64|amd64|AMD64") if (MSVC) set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "${ABSL_RANDOM_HWAES_MSVC_X64_FLAGS}") else() set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "${ABSL_RANDOM_HWAES_X64_FLAGS}") endif() elseif("${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}" MATCHES "arm.*|aarch64") if ("${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P}" STREQUAL "8") set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "${ABSL_RANDOM_HWAES_ARM64_FLAGS}") elseif("${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P}" STREQUAL "4") set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "${ABSL_RANDOM_HWAES_ARM32_FLAGS}") else() message(WARNING "Value of CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P (${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P}) is not supported.") endif() else() message(WARNING "Value of CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR (${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}) is unknown and cannot be used to set ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS") set(ABSL_RANDOM_RANDEN_COPTS "") endif() if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "GNU") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "${ABSL_GCC_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "${ABSL_GCC_FLAGS};${ABSL_GCC_TEST_FLAGS}") elseif("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang") # MATCHES so we get both Clang and AppleClang if(MSVC) # clang-cl is half MSVC, half LLVM set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "${ABSL_CLANG_CL_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "${ABSL_CLANG_CL_FLAGS};${ABSL_CLANG_CL_TEST_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_LINKOPTS "${ABSL_MSVC_LINKOPTS}") else() set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "${ABSL_LLVM_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "${ABSL_LLVM_FLAGS};${ABSL_LLVM_TEST_FLAGS}") if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang") # AppleClang doesn't have lsan # https://developer.apple.com/documentation/code_diagnostics if(NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.5) set(ABSL_LSAN_LINKOPTS "-fsanitize=leak") set(ABSL_HAVE_LSAN ON) endif() endif() endif() elseif("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "MSVC") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "${ABSL_MSVC_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "${ABSL_MSVC_FLAGS};${ABSL_MSVC_TEST_FLAGS}") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_LINKOPTS "${ABSL_MSVC_LINKOPTS}") else() message(WARNING "Unknown compiler: ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}. Building with no default flags") set(ABSL_DEFAULT_COPTS "") set(ABSL_TEST_COPTS "") endif() set(ABSL_CXX_STANDARD "${CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD}") 1. Introduction =============== Kaempferol, a flavonoid that has been isolated from many plants \[[@B1-molecules-19-16987],[@B2-molecules-19-16987],[@B3-molecules-19-16987],[@B4-molecules-19-16987]\], has many important health-promoting effects, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects, and is known to decrease the risk of cancers, including bladder, colon, and squamous cell cancers \[[@B5-molecules-19-16987],[@B6-molecules-19-16987],[@B7-molecules-19-16987],[@B8-molecules-19-16987],[@B9-molecules-19-16987]\]. Flavonoid glycosides are known to be more abundant than their flavonoid monomers in plants and exhibit a broad range of biological activities. One such flavonoid glycoside, kaempferitrin (kaempferol 3,7-dirhamnoside), has been shown to have a significant hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant properties in humans and is one of the effect factors of auxin transport in plants \[[@B10-molecules-19-16987],[@B11-molecules-19-16987]\]. Biosynthesis of kaempferitrin is one of the sub-pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Phenylpropanoids are a diverse group of compounds involved in plant defense, structural support, and survival \[[@B12-molecules-19-16987]\]. Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis starts with the formation of the aromatic amino acid phenylalanine, which is in turn converted into cinnamic acid by phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), the first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway. Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) subsequently catalyzes trans-cinnamic acid hydroxylate into *p*-coumaric acid, which is then catalyzed to *p*-coumaroyl-CoA by 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL). *p*-coumaroyl-CoA is the precursor for many phenylpropanoid products, such as lignins and flavonoids.

[ 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 1012, 3, 1269, 24539, 18, 15, 26, 1976, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 805, 3, 1269, 568, 18, 15, 26, 1976, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 883, 3, 1269, 568, 22, 15, 48054, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 740, 3, 1269, 568, 26, 15, 39840, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 26, 3, 1269, 568, 1012, 15, 44439, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 25, 3, 1269, 24539, 1012, 15, 44439, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 24, 3, 1269, 24539, 26, 15, 39840, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 23, 3, 1269, 24539, 22, 15, 48054, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 22, 3, 1269, 24539, 18, 15, 26, 1976, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 21, 3, 1269, 568, 18, 15, 26, 1976, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 20, 3, 1269, 568, 22, 15, 48054, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 19, 3, 1269, 568, 26, 15, 39840, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 18, 3, 1269, 568, 1012, 15, 44439, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 19, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 23, 3, 9080, 568, 20, 15, 21, 5647, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 568, 1036, 15, 13482, 3, 340, 24539, 23, 15, 33304, 3, 1979, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 1138, 18, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 24539, 1036, 15, 24, 2222, 3, 340, 568, 23, 15, 22519, 3, 1979, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 1138, 1036, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 746, 15, 1762, 3, 340, 18, 24539, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 746, 15, 1762, 3, 340, 19, 24539, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 11946, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 1010, 15, 1348, 3, 340, 18, 568, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 1010, 15, 1348, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 11946, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 746, 15, 1762, 3, 340, 18, 24539, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 938, 15, 1237, 3, 340, 19, 24539, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 3, 6970, 24539, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 746, 15, 1762, 3, 340, 18, 24539, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 938, 15, 1237, 3, 340, 19, 24539, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 3, 6970, 568, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 1010, 15, 1348, 3, 340, 18, 568, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 1093, 15, 20570, 3, 340, 19, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 3, 6970, 568, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 1093, 15, 20570, 3, 340, 18, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 938, 15, 1237, 3, 340, 19, 24539, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 938, 15, 1237, 3, 340, 18, 24539, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 1093, 15, 20664, 3, 340, 19, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 1010, 15, 1348, 3, 340, 18, 568, 25, 15, 2511, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 1093, 15, 20664, 3, 340, 19, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 1010, 1348, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 3, 6970, 24539, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 1036, 3, 340, 18, 568, 17, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 1036, 3, 340, 19, 568, 17, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 3, 3828, 568, 938, 5647, 187, 870, 10708, 31, 187, 870, 24166, 31, 187, 870, 17921, 31, 187, 29, 17921, 1416, 568, 324, 2320, 5527, 1138, 187, 29, 24166, 31, 187, 29, 10708, 1416, 568, 9151, 43, 8100, 64, 19, 8643, 64, 49, 3886, 1138, 187, 29, 10008, 31, 43996, 5332, 374, 15, 17, 2188, 367, 3886, 10154, 14, 42245, 870, 10008, 31, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 19, 15, 21, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 17, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 17, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 17, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 17, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 21, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1012, 15, 18, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 19, 15, 23, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 1797, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 805, 15, 1857, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 805, 15, 1857, 3, 1269, 19, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 20, 15, 20, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 25, 15, 1671, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 21, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 19, 15, 2082, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 19, 15, 2082, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 19, 15, 2082, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 19, 15, 21, 3, 340, 19, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 1047, 15, 19, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 19, 568, 25, 15, 1671, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 22302, 1269, 18, 24539, 21, 15, 22, 3, 340, 18, 568, 805, 15, 1857, 3, 1269, 19, 568, 21, 15, 21, 3, 340, 19, 568, 805, 15, 1857, 3, 4871, 568, 17, 15, 938, 1237, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 49, 10690, 3, 1269, 568, 17, 3, 340, 568, 1012, 15, 23, 3, 21353, 568, 20, 15, 19, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 40, 6577, 3, 1269, 568, 17, 3, 340, 568, 24, 15, 1671, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 25, 5647, 187, 29, 11022, 1416, 568, 40, 6577, 37168, 9780, 3, 1269, 568, 21, 15, 25, 3, 340, 568, 740, 15, 1976, 3, 21353, 568, 19, 15, 25, 3, 4000, 568, 51, 2270, 5647, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 24539, 22, 15, 2904, 3, 340, 568, 17, 3, 1979, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 3828, 568, 1099, 3, 4000, 568, 51, 2270, 31841, 7332, 28, 9536, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 568, 23, 15, 1671, 3, 340, 568, 17, 3, 1979, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 3828, 568, 1630, 3, 4000, 568, 51, 2270, 31841, 7332, 28, 22355, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 29, 1156, 1269, 24539, 20, 15, 19044, 3, 340, 568, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 1979, 568, 17, 15, 25, 8196, 3, 3828, 568, 3712, 1138, 9151, 374, 15, 17, 16, 19, 15, 18, 870, 1156, 31, 187, 870, 10708, 31, 187, 870, 24166, 31, 187, 870, 17921, 31, 187, 29, 17921, 1416, 568, 681, 785, 15, 2284, 3, 209, 662, 568, 662, 27, 324, 3319, 15, 70, 16151, 27, 17921, 27, 3208, 14256, 23, 1138, 187, 29, 10008, 31, 29279, 48144, 19266, 870, 10008, 31, 187, 29, 24166, 31, 187, 29, 10708, 1416, 568, 21, 14, 9308, 1267, 3, 209, 662, 568, 662, 27, 324, 3319, 15, 70, 16151, 27, 8938, 3845, 27, 3208, 1508, 2950, 16, 18, 3, 12171, 64, 25016, 568, 9820, 3, 6335, 64, 4149, 568, 18, 3, 6335, 64, 9450, 595, 64, 25016, 568, 9820, 1138, 187, 29, 3610, 69, 1416, 568, 1012, 3, 1269, 24539, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 340, 568, 21, 15, 20, 3, 18747, 568, 18, 15, 1012, 3, 17713, 568, 19, 15, 2031, 3, 3828, 568, 18, 5647, 187, 29, 3610, 69, 1416, 568, 21, 3, 1269, 24539, 18, 15, 1630, 3, 340, 24539, 21, 15, 20, 3, 18747 ]

" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="13" x="-1.975" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="12" x="1.975" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="11" x="5.925" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="10" x="9.875" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="9" x="13.825" y="4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="8" x="-13.825" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="7" x="-9.875" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="6" x="-5.925" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="5" x="-1.975" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="4" x="1.975" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="3" x="5.925" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="2" x="9.875" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <pad name="1" x="13.825" y="-4.2" drill="2.6" diameter="3.4"/> <text x="16.129" y="-6.681" size="1.27" layer="21">1</text> <text x="-16.795" y="6.335" size="1.27" layer="21">16</text> <wire x1="-19.05" y1="-8.89" x2="19.05" y2="-8.89" width="0.127" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-15.24" y1="8.89" x2="15.24" y2="8.89" width="0.127" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-19.05" y1="-8.89" x2="-20.32" y2="-6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21" curve="-90"/> <wire x1="19.05" y1="-8.89" x2="20.32" y2="-6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21" curve="90"/> <wire x1="-15.24" y1="8.89" x2="-18.034" y2="6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21" curve="90"/> <wire x1="-18.034" y1="6.35" x2="-20.32" y2="-6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21"/> <wire x1="20.32" y1="-6.35" x2="18.161" y2="6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21"/> <wire x1="15.24" y1="8.89" x2="18.161" y2="6.35" width="0.1524" layer="21" curve="-90"/> <wire x1="-16" y1="0" x2="16" y2="0" width="0" layer="20"/> </package> </packages> </library> <library name="adafruit"> <packages> <package name="DCJACK_2MM_PTH"> <description>DJ Jack 2.0mm PTH Right-Angle</description> <wire x1="4.5" y1="14.2" x2="2.4" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="-4.5" y2="0" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="0" x2="4.5" y2="3.3" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="0" x2="-4.5" y2="0" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="3.3" x2="4.5" y2="8.4" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="14.2" x2="4.5" y2="13.1" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="-4.5" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="14.2" x2="-2.6" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="4.5" y2="3.3" width="0.2032" layer="21"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="4.5" y2="3.3" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="3.3" x2="-4.5" y2="12.45" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="12.45" x2="-4.5" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="3.3" x2="4.5" y2="8.35" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="8.35" x2="4.5" y2="8.4" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="14.2" x2="2.65" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="14.2" x2="2.65" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="2.65" y1="14.2" x2="2.4" y2="14.2" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="4.5" y1="14.2" x2="4.5" y2="8.35" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <wire x1="-4.5" y1="12.45" x2="4.4" y2="12.45" width="0.2032" layer="51"/> <pad name="PWR" x="0" y="13.6" drill="3.2"/> <pad name="GND" x="0" y="7.35" drill="2.8"/> <pad name="GNDBREAK" x="4.8" y="10.75" drill="2.8" rot="R90"/> <text x="-5.08" y="0" size="1.27" layer="25" rot="R90">>NAME</text> <text x="6.35" y="0" size="1.27" layer="27" rot="R90">>VALUE</text> <text x="-3.302" y="1.27" size="0.8128" layer="51">DC 2.0/2.1</text> </package> </packages> </library> <library name="comma.ai" urn="urn:adsk.eagle:library:562206"> <description>MobileEye connector</description> <packages> <package name="4-DPST" urn="urn:adsk.eagle:footprint:562346/1" locally_modified="yes" library_version="1" library_locally_modified="yes"> <smd name="13" x="-1.27" y="4.3" dx="1.13" dy="2.44" layer="1"/> <smd name="4" x="-1.27" y="-4.3" dx

[ 27, 1237, 13, 28581, 187, 40969, 30808, 44712, 31129, 5225, 12105, 28241, 209, 42843, 14274, 20281, 535, 187, 1012, 2405, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1237, 13, 28581, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 1610, 13, 34938, 187, 15899, 120, 6765, 106, 15899, 216, 7719, 106, 42292, 13486, 217, 36998, 535, 187, 1012, 1237, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1610, 13, 34938, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 1812, 13, 17048, 187, 5225, 37661, 230, 32938, 33499, 21458, 40693, 40951, 535, 187, 1012, 1610, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1812, 13, 17048, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 1787, 13, 17184, 187, 15899, 216, 7719, 106, 19780, 116, 29734, 5225, 37661, 230, 32938, 33499, 535, 187, 1012, 1706, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1787, 13, 46455, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 1449, 13, 22818, 187, 25276, 16877, 31486, 20281, 12335, 32313, 24412, 5225, 8990, 535, 187, 1012, 1671, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 1449, 13, 22818, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3156, 13, 20373, 187, 44781, 42205, 28791, 42292, 13486, 217, 37661, 230, 32938, 535, 187, 1012, 1812, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3156, 13, 20373, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 2031, 13, 17048, 187, 25276, 16877, 20622, 42013, 24893, 27896, 44673, 43741, 20281, 12755, 236, 535, 187, 1012, 1787, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 2031, 13, 17048, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 2950, 13, 17048, 187, 37661, 230, 32938, 33499, 14129, 125, 49271, 19780, 116, 29734, 45111, 46461, 33499, 5225, 12676, 214, 48889, 535, 187, 1012, 1839, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 2950, 13, 17048, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 2504, 13, 21358, 187, 24893, 34744, 16401, 44673, 43741, 20281, 12755, 236, 18678, 14129, 125, 49271, 535, 187, 1012, 1867, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 2504, 13, 21358, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 2385, 13, 24, 2950, 187, 18434, 15957, 218, 45111, 46461, 33499, 5225, 12676, 214, 48889, 535, 187, 1012, 1449, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 2537, 13, 23360, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3583, 13, 17962, 187, 33474, 20720, 24370, 31486, 20326, 18764, 44781, 13499, 218, 43929, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 3156, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3583, 13, 17962, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3439, 13, 17048, 187, 18434, 15957, 218, 45111, 46461, 33499, 42205, 17576, 29268, 119, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 2945, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3439, 13, 42420, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3208, 13, 35466, 187, 38389, 29427, 12755, 235, 39249, 535, 187, 1012, 3079, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3011, 13, 41923, 6781, 7449, 27, 2385, 27, 3046, 13, 34938, 187, 9850, 10460, 101, 31486, 47961, 21991, 17492, 37661, 233, 42697, 18617, 123, 5690, 99, 535, 187, 1012, 2031, 187, 361, 27, 2385, 27, 3046, 13, 34938, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 520, 13, 25133, 187, 31486, 20281, 27804, 32004, 13610, 37661, 233, 42697, 25949, 44795, 16740, 535, 187, 1012, 1857, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 520, 13, 25133, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2941, 13, 24698, 187, 33656, 214, 12335, 990, 25396, 209, 38155, 28241, 15267, 187, 1012, 2950, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2941, 13, 24698, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1762, 13, 25848, 187, 34811, 18678, 20622, 40951, 535, 187, 1012, 2504, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3071, 13, 19196, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2922, 13, 26, 1036, 187, 25276, 16877, 20622, 29297, 12105, 27896, 25541, 211, 44006, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 2385, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2922, 13, 26, 1036, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2693, 13, 24854, 187, 12442, 267, 209, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 5225, 32378, 23371, 535, 187, 1012, 2537, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2693, 13, 26, 1731, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 805, 13, 26, 1731, 187, 35321, 13610, 31486, 48584, 49344, 14377, 17492, 27896, 47961, 10962, 114, 5225, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 15267, 187, 1012, 1235, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 805, 13, 26, 1731, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1047, 13, 30651, 187, 31486, 49218, 24370, 38242, 38242, 13258, 225, 43929, 44781, 535, 187, 1012, 3712, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1047, 13, 30651, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1036, 13, 29288, 187, 14129, 104, 20622, 40951, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 24160, 35321, 18678, 24370, 535, 187, 1012, 3583, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1166, 13, 23126, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1797, 13, 46514, 187, 27804, 32004, 7489, 9030, 209, 24553, 37373, 24553, 5225, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 15446, 102, 535, 187, 1012, 3357, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1797, 13, 46514, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1508, 13, 16198, 187, 17955, 232, 35321, 22044, 17955, 226, 12462, 232, 16740, 535, 187, 1012, 3439, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1508, 13, 42198, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1099, 13, 23126, 187, 43300, 12105, 24553, 42843, 46049, 14377, 29687, 49835, 108, 24086, 46419, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 2417, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1099, 13, 23126, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1630, 13, 28053, 187, 44126, 12755, 242, 5225, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 37661, 230, 32938, 535, 187, 1012, 3208, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1630, 13, 28053, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1717, 13, 7174, 187, 16800, 240, 10460, 102, 41873, 42205, 17576, 20326, 3812, 494, 535, 187, 1012, 3011, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1229, 13, 23126, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1237, 13, 13381, 187, 43300, 12105, 18764, 12105, 27804, 32004, 28241, 209, 37373, 24553, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 3680, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1237, 13, 13381, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1706, 13, 31699, 187, 28327, 41683, 8841, 124, 30420, 13610, 17955, 226, 12462, 232, 16740, 535, 187, 1012, 3046, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1706, 13, 30920, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1812, 13, 20270, 187, 40843, 233, 43216, 24553, 47905, 49835, 108, 14129, 99, 15899, 216, 7719, 106, 36114, 33369, 221, 5225, 29268, 119, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 1549, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1812, 13, 20270, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1787, 13, 42420, 187, 20622, 49288, 36114, 33369, 221, 29268, 119, 24017, 13610, 44126, 12755, 242, 42013, 535, 187, 1012, 3832, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1787, 13, 42420, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 1867, 13, 13210, 187, 41873, 16998, 110, 20326, 3812, 494, 535, 187, 1012, 3763, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1867, 13, 24, 2950, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3156, 13, 29462, 187, 25276, 16877, 24553, 33018, 29463, 28241, 18938, 209, 17559, 217, 39249, 535, 187, 1012, 3571, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3156, 13, 46455, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2945, 13, 28703, 187, 12442, 267, 18938, 209, 17559, 217, 39249, 34671, 47750, 17492, 22985, 226, 9850, 15446, 102, 13609, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 1540, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2945, 13, 28703, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2031, 13, 34938, 187, 31607, 209, 29268, 119, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 2082, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 1857, 13, 40297, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2950, 13, 35265, 187, 38389, 29427, 9850, 10460, 101, 24553, 44966, 117, 30808, 20622, 16401, 3812, 494, 535, 187, 1012, 2526, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2950, 13, 35265, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 2537, 13, 22818, 187, 24553, 29297, 33018, 37661, 233, 42697, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 535, 187, 1012, 2251, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2537, 13, 22818, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3712, 13, 21345, 187, 42843, 3218, 231, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 22044, 20622, 40951, 535, 187, 1012, 2358, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3712, 13, 21345, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3357, 13, 36539, 187, 31607, 209, 29297, 44314, 24553, 535, 187, 1012, 2090, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3357, 13, 36539, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3439, 13, 44060, 187, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 22044, 44573, 31129, 36359, 24446, 27896, 29268, 119, 24017, 9850, 43929, 535, 187, 1012, 1967, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 2417, 13, 13381, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3011, 13, 24, 2526, 187, 38389, 38328, 42843, 14274, 44314, 36359, 24446, 29268, 119, 24017, 9850, 43929, 535, 187, 26088, 187, 361, 27, 2537, 27, 3011, 13, 24, 2526, 6781, 7449, 27, 2537, 27, 3046, 13, 26, 3121, 187, 35321, 13610, 24553, 33018, 37373, 20622, 16401, 3812, 494, 209, 17955, 232, 35321, 18678, 24370, 535, 187, 1012, 3547, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 361, 13, 36539, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 2640, 13, 28053, 187, 40693, 43244, 14129, 104, 15367, 24370, 12755, 236, 24553, 23788, 17955, 232, 30420, 9850, 20720, 29440, 42697, 32378, 23371, 535, 187, 1012, 3655, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2941, 13, 42420, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 3071, 13, 19196, 187, 40843, 233, 43216, 15367, 47905, 41807, 9850, 20720, 535, 187, 1012, 3566, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 3071, 13, 19196, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 2922, 13, 35265, 187, 20622, 40951, 3812, 494, 209, 43368, 48889, 30329, 24553, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 1976, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2904, 13, 17962, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 740, 13, 30651, 187, 45111, 46461, 33499, 44126, 12755, 242, 23692, 215, 36337, 227, 535, 187, 1012, 3121, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 740, 13, 30651, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 805, 13, 18040, 187, 25276, 16877, 24553, 36361, 11894, 100, 10673, 123, 43251, 25541, 211, 44006, 535, 187, 1012, 2357, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 805, 13, 18040, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1012, 13, 42082, 187, 24086, 7249, 215, 24017, 24446, 23788, 535, 187, 1012, 3141, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1047, 13, 21358, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1010, 13, 32332, 187, 20622, 29440, 24160, 45111, 24553, 36361, 11894, 100, 535, 187, 1012, 2787, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1010, 13, 32332, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1093, 13, 36539, 187, 13610, 24553, 44966, 117, 27937, 3812, 494, 209, 16877, 22329, 37661, 233, 42697, 535, 187, 1012, 1438, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1093, 13, 13381, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 938, 13, 25358, 187, 25276, 14377, 5225, 44020, 121, 29268, 125, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 535, 187, 1012, 3593, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1797, 13, 30920, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1508, 13, 47059, 187, 29766, 29427, 24553, 33018, 6765, 238, 40309, 27896, 28241, 18938, 209, 17559, 217, 39249, 535, 187, 1012, 3507, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1508, 13, 47059, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1731, 13, 33120, 187, 14274, 43300, 33018, 44781, 38242, 27896, 47961, 10962, 114, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 3245, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1731, 13, 33120, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1717, 13, 18040, 187, 161, 96, 106, 7056, 216, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 22470, 226, 9078, 110, 18947, 101, 535, 187, 1012, 2759, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1717, 13, 43490, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1229, 13, 26, 1731, 187, 20622, 16401, 22470, 226, 9078, 110, 18947, 101, 24553, 33018, 46239, 33474, 12335, 24370, 535, 187, 1012, 2227, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1229, 13, 26, 1731, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1610, 13, 25, 1812, 187, 6765, 238, 40309, 37661, 233, 42697, 33499, 209, 29297, 12105, 20622, 42013, 24553, 23788, 38242, 22044, 5225, 20622, 16401, 535, 187, 1012, 2691, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1610, 13, 25, 1812, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1812, 13, 23126, 187, 24412, 22975, 24553, 9078, 235, 33018, 27804, 32004, 535, 187, 1012, 2597, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1812, 13, 23126, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1787, 13, 24, 2950, 187, 1374, 15, 6259, 14410, 494, 209, 17955, 241, 21734, 535, 187, 1012, 2055, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1787, 13, 26, 3121, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 3156, 13, 47059, 187, 44673, 43741, 34811, 17576, 5225, 29268, 119, 24017, 535, 187, 1012, 2511, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 3156, 13, 47059, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 2945, 13, 28166, 187, 29766, 29427, 24553, 33018, 10041, 114, 12755, 232, 39465, 6765, 238, 40309, 24553, 21232, 16385, 111, 5225, 535, 187, 1012, 2270, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2945, 13, 28166, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1857, 13, 44675, 187, 26151, 112, 26974, 230, 27804, 16677, 22470, 226, 9078, 110, 18947, 101, 535, 187, 1012, 4739, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2504, 13, 15220, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 2385, 13, 34938, 187, 9850, 10460, 101, 24553, 47961, 21991, 17492, 37661, 233, 42697, 24553, 5225, 15446, 102, 535, 187, 1012, 4529, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 2385, 13, 34938, 6781, 7449, 27, 1235, 27, 1235, 13, 30693, 187, 24553, 33018, 33656, 214, 12335, 535, 187, 1012, 4590, 187, 361, 27, 1235, 27, 1235, 13, 30693 ]

:32,316 值得注意的是 Metal 并不会 1331 00:48:32,316 --> 00:48:33,846 区别包含标准数据 1332 00:48:33,846 --> 00:48:36,026 的缓存器和那些 1333 00:48:36,026 --> 00:48:37,176 包含顶点的缓存器 1334 00:48:37,816 --> 00:48:40,276 所以我们会用相同的 API 1335 00:48:40,276 --> 00:48:41,386 去设置标准缓存 1336 00:48:41,386 --> 00:48:44,026 所以这里第一个请求会给 1337 00:48:44,026 --> 00:48:46,026 缓存器访问顶点着色器的权限 1338 00:48:46,026 --> 00:48:47,236 第二个请求会给出访问 1339 00:48:47,236 --> 00:48:48,746 分片着色器的权限 1340 00:48:49,286 --> 00:48:52,166 接下来我们为要去采样的 1341 00:48:52,166 --> 00:48:54,026 分片着色器设定纹理 1342 00:48:54,516 --> 00:48:56,556 然后绘图 1343 00:48:57,076 --> 00:48:59,846 一旦我们完成了编码命令 1344 00:48:59,846 --> 00:49:01,456 我们会通过在编码对象上 1345 00:49:01,456 --> 00:49:03,396 调用 endEncoding 向 Metal 1346 00:49:03,396 --> 00:49:05,376 指出这些 1347 00:49:06,196 --> 00:49:07,916 所以这就是一个简单的 1348 00:49:07,916 --> 00:49:09,406 Metal 渲染通行的例子 1349 00:49:09,926 --> 00:49:12,926 现在我们已经有了一个完整的渲染通行 1350 00:49:12,926 --> 00:49:14,696 我们再来看看怎样去 1351 00:49:14,696 --> 00:49:16,806 让这些渲染表现出来 1352 00:49:17,336 --> 00:49:21,526 通过 OpenGl 你将你的渲染帧 1353 00:49:21,526 --> 00:49:23,156 展现到屏幕上 1354 00:49:23,436 --> 00:49:25,336 但是你并没有明确地管理 1355 00:49:25,336 --> 00:49:27,996 系统的渲染缓存 1356 00:49:27,996 --> 00:49:29,006 依旧被设定为 drawable 1357 00:49:30,336 --> 00:49:32,126 但是要是通过 Metal 将你的 1358 00:49:32,126 --> 00:49:34,476 内容显示在屏幕上 1359 00:49:34,906 --> 00:49:36,186 首先你需要确认包含特殊的纹理 1360 00:49:36,186 --> 00:49:37,516 这种特殊纹理在系统里 1361 00:49:37,516 --> 00:49:39,116 被称为 drawable 1362 00:49:39,746 --> 00:49:41,676 所以你可以使用 MetalKit 视图 1363 00:49:41,816 --> 00:49:42,756 MetalKit 视图提供了每一帧中的 1364 00:49:42,756 --> 00:49:44,846 drawable 纹理 1365 00:49:45,426 --> 00:49:46,886 然后一旦你获得这个 drawable 1366 00:49:46,886 --> 00:49:49,276 你就可以编码渲染通行 1367 00:49:49,276 --> 00:49:51,226 并且渲染到这些 1368 00:49:51,226 --> 00:49:53,096 drawable 就像你 1369 00:49:53,096 --> 00:49:54,586 渲染到任意其他一个纹理一样 1370 00:49:55,126 --> 00:49:57,766 然而并不像其他纹理一样 1371 00:49:57,766 --> 00:49:59,976 现在你可以将这个 drawable 展现出来 1372 00:50:00,096 --> 00:50:02,996 那么让我来给你们展示一下代码例子 1373 00:50:03,516 --> 00:50:06,196 首先我需要说一下 1374 00:50:06,196 --> 00:50:07,886 这些 drawable 受限于你的 1375 00:50:08,166 --> 00:50:10,696 着色器系统资源 1376 00:50:10,696 --> 00:50:12,206 所以你应该尽可能简单 1377 00:50:12,206 --> 00:50:13,536 地处理他们 1378 00:50:14,236 --> 00:50:15,776 这代表着你应该 1379 00:50:15,776 --> 00:50:18,096 在你获取 drawable 以前编码 1380 00:50:18,126 --> 00:50:20,606 所有的离线渲染通行 1381 00:50:21,906 --> 00:50:23,626 之后你可以创建一个 MetalKit 视图 1382 00:50:23,626 --> 00:50:26,856 不但可以去看一个完整的 1383 00:50:26,856 --> 00:50:29,206 填充渲染通行描述符 1384 00:50:29,466 --> 00:50:30,926 这个描述符你可以直接用来 1385 00:50:30,926 --> 00:50:33,836 创建编码器就是这里你们看到的这个 1386 00:50:33,836 --> 00:50:36,336 同时你还可以通过 1387 00:50:36,336 --> 00:50:37,746 view.currentDrawable 属性 1388 00:50:37,976 --> 00:50:41,626 请求指定的纹理 1389 00:50:41,626 --> 00:50:42,706 之后你可以围绕它创建你自己的 1390 00:50:42,706 --> 00:50:45,086 渲染通行描述符 1391 00:50:47,136 --> 00:50:48,846 一旦你完成了编码你的帧 1392 00:50:48,846 --> 00:50:50,496 你可以调用 1393 00:50:50,496

[ 449, 187, 187, 3, 4045, 368, 2868, 27523, 434, 3564, 497, 12331, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 309, 513, 417, 13, 8674, 15, 1621, 309, 513, 417, 937, 35307, 434, 4318, 310, 11002, 323, 253, 806, 673, 275, 521, 6206, 15, 346, 1328, 369, 247, 7477, 34771, 15, 6707, 253, 23194, 353, 1100, 33156, 3162, 13, 8674, 15, 380, 34771, 556, 1612, 281, 7767, 253, 769, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 651, 344, 1333, 627, 369, 2717, 344, 812, 513, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 309, 812, 1056, 247, 1643, 5476, 265, 15, 754, 369, 247, 25432, 2208, 8183, 15, 380, 14254, 285, 253, 4400, 2208, 497, 715, 253, 7477, 323, 9790, 15, 1292, 604, 368, 971, 281, 871, 2712, 670, 7641, 27523, 13, 368, 1871, 1805, 1642, 779, 13, 8674, 15, 309, 1912, 626, 22830, 281, 2096, 253, 5231, 273, 247, 637, 751, 326, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 436, 4804, 2335, 1659, 846, 368, 15856, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1909, 309, 753, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 497, 642, 3356, 2444, 387, 5791, 13514, 672, 368, 2427, 281, 923, 7641, 27523, 670, 5252, 19076, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 434, 987, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 574, 2168, 1160, 634, 3061, 670, 5791, 13514, 15, 6049, 15105, 1469, 281, 923, 253, 34771, 672, 368, 497, 642, 3356, 2444, 627, 865, 187, 187, 3, 8457, 937, 35307, 2296, 38440, 285, 7808, 13, 346, 9088, 497, 1966, 4852, 387, 13841, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2042, 253, 25926, 497, 594, 2590, 387, 5791, 13514, 13, 2139, 497, 368, 253, 760, 581, 281, 15856, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 3589, 626, 15, 1707, 497, 643, 6068, 665, 15856, 15, 1583, 816, 8715, 626, 19301, 598, 347, 1199, 39866, 347, 309, 858, 15, 1583, 16092, 598, 285, 1669, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 1904, 626, 625, 15856, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 1871, 452, 281, 1642, 731, 326, 449, 187, 187, 3, 34, 2257, 273, 731, 403, 3846, 15, 1737, 434, 634, 4743, 32, 6049, 858, 952, 789, 762, 824, 2515, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42066, 449, 187, 187, 3, 3726, 2495, 264, 616, 4852, 323, 2583, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 2010, 32, 22405, 285, 247, 2238, 273, 9645, 6009, 326, 1841, 574, 281, 755, 1805, 15, 28225, 15, 2064, 434, 752, 359, 1472, 512, 6326, 281, 2868, 275, 15, 38292, 3260, 271, 18864, 795, 16534, 64, 5108, 15, 1292, 597, 13762, 3746, 352, 795, 12756, 79, 626, 4414, 2207, 326, 352, 1537, 5108, 13, 533, 417, 281, 731, 449, 187, 187, 510, 28845, 439, 2066, 868, 949, 690, 273, 253, 7211, 344, 434, 2668, 15, 187, 187, 3, 18179, 309, 755, 3095, 281, 1275, 408, 436, 1824, 865, 35307, 2296, 15, 346, 7845, 449, 187, 187, 34, 21334, 3249, 407, 342, 247, 31021, 285, 32113, 521, 5253, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1231, 2096, 432, 2045, 6206, 326, 13, 846, 368, 1669, 253, 19076, 4254, 387, 5791, 13514, 13, 627, 369, 247, 4804, 875, 4834, 285, 253, 1551, 273, 634, 3438, 10402, 449, 187, 187, 40, 23793, 434, 12607, 6863, 561, 15, 329, 10724, 9513, 13383, 275, 387, 521, 33013, 15, 346, 2773, 434, 987, 449, 3032, 2927, 892, 262, 281, 253, 6308, 835, 1780, 652, 7634, 8111, 434, 4929, 310, 7063, 15, 380, 27105, 310, 594, 4864, 13, 344, 310, 7591, 281, 923, 271, 2048, 327, 253, 1943, 637, 434, 2454, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3152, 583, 2934, 369, 352, 281, 452, 824, 247, 4804, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1053, 626, 871, 13, 4555, 15, 733, 3589, 626, 7477, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 871, 604, 581, 1798, 1436, 327, 253, 5333, 2546, 323, 352, 13, 390, 604, 597, 512, 816, 5821, 281, 352, 2366, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 858, 597, 971, 281, 2525, 342, 368, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 352, 3589, 626, 2590, 281, 479, 387, 806, 3255, 187, 187, 3, 7161, 858, 253, 4804, 1379, 1659, 865, 187, 187, 3, 3404, 253, 308, 46412, 308, 38545, 449, 418, 5244, 32113, 253, 4854, 2316, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 434, 247, 1980, 32715, 2316, 937, 253, 16782, 2296, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 434, 7824, 4181, 432, 1060, 13, 604, 368, 1472, 2819, 323, 247, 1659, 281, 755, 247, 36557, 323, 33637, 15, 28504, 1977, 432, 253, 6773, 285, 16666, 449, 3010, 22569, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 369, 253, 4096, 273, 253, 4804, 12744, 281, 368, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 309, 1904, 626, 871, 604, 795, 9328, 64, 574, 247, 2590, 2934, 273, 752, 597, 3078, 281, 2312, 670, 987, 745, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 2257, 273, 17628, 272, 285, 25917, 670, 5252, 13, 533, 326, 369, 2717, 747, 281, 479, 15, 309, 2183, 731, 604, 597, 512, 15856, 2366, 13, 1633, 651, 452, 281, 320, 2218, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 651, 1633, 452, 281, 320, 2218, 865, 187, 187, 3, 8457, 247, 2567, 342, 326, 1199, 1345, 2583, 275, 352, 651, 1705, 762, 1524, 2810, 24852, 604, 247, 7150, 273, 253, 26843, 15856, 13463, 15, 1165, 2338, 390, 3150, 13, 310, 849, 309, 5544, 352, 281, 731, 13, 625, 390, 1679, 15, 1583, 2168, 3260, 326, 8791, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 2183, 731, 597, 812, 15856, 390, 795, 20875, 64, 865, 380, 28845, 556, 247, 9861, 1007, 327, 521, 2454, 15, 346, 1276, 369, 616, 2380, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 309, 812, 923, 597, 497, 4680, 670, 752, 309, 1871, 753, 15, 1292, 309, 1904, 626, 1902, 731, 281, 1265, 4028, 562, 616, 4876, 273, 28404, 327, 616, 19422, 7232, 390, 2712, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 858, 5108, 13, 840, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 309, 369, 2970, 4704, 281, 3553, 13, 309, 1869, 253, 7827, 574, 4925, 271, 990, 672, 581, 273, 253, 6068, 13, 1780, 652, 7634, 8111, 13, 247, 1943, 5599, 13, 247, 5599, 665, 434, 3846, 1024, 15, 2596, 273, 253, 6818, 14, 17182, 15, 844, 4307, 2366, 327, 253, 1986, 27288, 24136, 4446, 449, 187, 187, 40, 23793, 14545, 275, 4260, 14, 24286, 285, 21736, 969, 715, 253, 19718, 15, 754, 4453, 1503, 400, 7634, 8111, 4951, 275, 253, 5130, 285, 9193, 2994, 16024, 598, 2774, 3441, 347, 253, 12904, 273, 253, 3541, 19486, 1582, 779, 15, 346, 2906, 652, 7634, 8111, 369, 247, 1524, 1175, 7715, 937, 344, 2296, 15, 754, 3936, 247, 5484, 273, 1824, 13, 5239, 253, 5253, 896, 327, 253, 5818, 273, 33974, 327, 253, 8597, 275, 2914, 273, 779, 15, 346, 1328, 2183, 479, 597, 574, 247, 2748, 281, 1056, 273, 479, 937, 344, 7788, 15, 187, 187, 3, 34, 2748, 449, 187, 187, 3, 21784, 8111, 753, 326, 604, 597, 4962, 19076, 13, 651, 309, 1056, 2119, 285, 2028, 253, 1533, 752, 4592, 865, 187, 187, 3, 17570, 253, 1533, 752, 4592, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 434, 987, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 752, 858, 368, 1333, 281, 326, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 2183, 731, 309, 1871, 513, 752, 309, 812, 449, 187, 187, 3, 7883, 13, 4555, 13, 369, 387, 326, 4804, 32, 1780, 652, 7634, 8111, 15, 1359, 1142, 2571, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 369, 329, 14, 11551, 15, 380, 5333, 326, 4962, 15, 2752, 1711, 5333, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 369, 253, 1072, 6818, 14, 17182, 1821, 665, 591, 1428, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 352, 651, 452, 644, 2810, 281, 253, 1072, 6068, 15, 3105, 4130, 432, 253, 5333, 651, 452, 644, 627, 15, 1292, 309, 1871, 1333, 13, 273, 253, 6818, 14, 17182, 665, 4962, 13, 627, 497, 13, 11518, 6642, 13, 15342, 390, 25279, 6068, 562, 273, 253, 6818, 14, 17182, 387, 253, 2829, 326, 1388, 275, 253, 308, 46412, 308, 38545, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2347, 513, 368, 1928, 670, 253, 2748, 1024, 32, 3166, 368, 1928, 3600, 69, 2348, 342, 247, 8294, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 8294, 865, 187, 187, 3, 53, 3485, 253, 1533, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 816, 858, 15, 795, 1394, 1472, 64, 253, 1533, 937, 35307, 2296, 281, 253, 28845, 15, 754, 2792, 387, 253, 5579, 6568, 15, 346, 2512, 434, 253, 1533, 987, 627, 15, 380, 1533, 6057, 752, 2427, 327, 387, 5791, 13514, 23194, 15, 3954, 352, 434, 253, 1533, 434, 3061, 752, 597, 971, 281, 513, 670, 352, 15, 1422, 476, 626, 3324, 253, 3846, 896, 281, 1495, 15, 309, 871, 326, 1199, 323, 2119, 449, 187, 187, 40, 23793, 21768, 690, 4866, 275, 253, 19718, 285, 4453, 689, 281, 923, 1503, 400, 7634, 8111, 6306, 598, 13, 12413, 2158, 689, 253, 19718, 285, 253, 2644, 10061, 1078, 779, 15, 754, 556, 521, 6208, 1527, 347, 2167, 344, 556, 816, 753, 1633, 285, 310, 6179, 323, 247, 12252, 15, 35307, 4453, 387, 1503, 400, 434, 3564, 285, 27833, 849, 1199, 597, 403, 36316, 15, 187, 187, 510, 28845, 4453, 8507, 4087, 387, 1503, 400, 285, 627, 310, 247, 2774, 552, 22213, 2190, 253, 3988, 17269, 15471, 275, 253, 18803, 273, 253, 2316, 15, 380, 28845, 4453, 387, 35307, 13, 347, 2167, 35307, 1537, 871, 436, 7863, 637, 6306, 689, 731, 13, 36316, 13, 521, 19933, 1701, 2454, 32052, 390, 546, 34785, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1552, 637, 434, 4929, 13, 3255, 35307, 9513, 15, 1292, 1503, 400, 556, 3531, 1475, 4541, 285, 310, 25854, 281, 253, 3369, 1078, 35307, 476, 8416, 521, 6197, 15, 187, 187, 4, 187, 187, 23062, 25808, 253, 6278, 273, 1685, 18488, 3212, 253, 6420, 10463, 273, 1608, 27497, 42379, 14628, 15, 1198, 253, 760, 673, 2455, 13, 562, 273, 253, 8307, 273, 952, 7985, 13, 703, 310, 7824, 253, 22583, 15, 380, 3216, 310, 8660, 264, 342, 2217, 8762, 417, 281, 452, 27072, 4745, 13, 285, 253, 2846, 556, 28087, 715, 13775, 15, 308, 10565, 452, 512, 644, 14662, 342, 8762, 13178, 390, 39978, 273, 28809, 6371, 15312, 1475, 253, 26429, 15, 2053, 452, 3531, 253, 10198, 715, 247, 1724, 312, 262, 528, 45548, 347, 253, 13178, 502, 1164, 285, 12774, 267, 13, 253, 6371, 39978, 14988, 253, 50159, 15, 16868, 383, 26886, 403, 37032, 285, 1488, 334, 272, 670, 11678, 342, 642, 2934, 849, 281, 26339, 8762, 14, 32916, 3216, 15, 380, 625, 389, 474, 4394, 403, 3200, 1417, 347, 604, 13831, 13, 49963, 26952, 314, 281, 247, 1708, 1501, 390, 4481, 3817, 13, 7075, 787, 3903, 272, 616, 9365, 347, 597, 3698, 253, 952, 665, 452, 24924, 314, 440, 6972, 2149, 3746, 432, 1633, 4891, 20661, 670, 275, 247, 4336, 42915, 5133, 15, 187, 187, 23062, 556, 1620, 1078, 1869, 273, 253, 3745, 281, 2940, 327, 8762, 14, 32916, 3216, 347, 247, 10861, 15, 2091, 703, 1694, 598, 436, 4131, 13, 703, 3047, 253, 8762, 285, 1160, 2119, 703, 14782, 12682, 326, 574, 247, 29134, 15, 7243, 703, 369, 670, 285, 8156, 703, 369, 417, 18492, 253, 1072, 19408, 347, 2571, 497, 13, 703, 8344, 326, 703, 574, 10904, 617, 31482, 15, 1500, 369, 3192, 4577, 5018, 285, 13654, 253, 19031, 273, 1016, 3213, 19123, 2581, 685, 896, 15, 380, 643, 4279, 310, 281, 14518, 672, 253, 33619, 44682, 13, 46851, 327, 253, 1220, 265, 273, 634, 12682, 672, 2515, 762, 8938, 403, 3340, 46903, 15, 187, 187, 510, 502, 469, 860, 2190, 253, 6692, 310, 326, 512, 32846, 21114, 15, 1292, 347, 703, 16771, 2584, 617, 6831, 13, 30680, 4948, 247, 5352, 14166, 5174, 27, 512, 32846, 476, 2940, 4354, 327, 46903, 1930, 45547, 15, 187, 187, 2993, 310, 253, 806, 281, 12666, 275, 617, 2593, 273, 253, 3906, 13, 533, 703, 310, 816, 14203, 617, 11959, 275, 253, 33703, 672, 34876, 1608, 1062, 21239, 13, 247, 9732, 432, 16091, 13, 23981, 15, 1500, 310, 15312, 275, 247, 1066, 14, 14653, 5603, 66, 15, 23177, 273, 617, 2454, 310, 6107, 407, 247, 46934, 15, 596, 781, 24082, 36861, 50075, 84, 403, 7320, 25854, 598, 617, 2273, 15326, 15, 187, 187, 23062, 31746, 715, 22569, 387, 253, 8184, 273, 617, 13, 594, 22145, 4087, 689, 69, 2079, 323, 824, 247, 11134, 5412, 15, 346, 7161, 434, 634, 43807, 14, 37, 3288, 865, 703, 2296, 15, 187, 187, 52, 489, 25612, 253, 246, 515, 5911, 25818, 7856, 432, 689, 617, 13628, 15, 346, 3220, 752, 865, 703, 2296, 13, 617, 10586, 22713, 10263, 562, 253, 1273, 3159, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 1007, 751, 368, 2210, 281, 789, 327, 247, 43807, 14, 37, 3288, 937, 30680 ]

." "Do you believe Reynolds's hands were tied?" "No I do not, sir. No I do not," Gavin's voice is rising for the first time in his testimony. "He was a mine inspector. Read the Coal Mines Regulation Act, sir. The inspector has power to enforce the act." "Why would he say there was nothing he could do?" "Well, I could make a few guesses. He was a provincial government employee. The province and the federal government were into the mine for millions. But if you want to know anything about Bill Reynolds, you'd better ask him, sir. I won't pretend to understand the actions of a man like that." "And this meeting took place after you quit." "As I said." "You were no longer working at Eastyard when you went to see Bill Reynolds about safety underground." "That's right." "You had already made your decision about Eastyard. Why bother going to see the inspector when you were no longer working there?" "Because," Gavin says calmly and slowly, "there were human lives at stake." "If the dangers were so clear at Eastyard, why were you the only one to quit?" "I wasn't. There were other guys who quit. They just hadn't kicked up as much fuss as I did. They quietly up and left." "Why didn't more quit?" "You'd have to ask them that." "A lot of them are dead. What's your opinion? Why did people work under such conditions?" "Money." "They risked their lives for money?" "What else? Money and a kind of blind faith that things had to get better. Progress. That's what we're all supposed to believe in. Everybody knew an explosion _could_ happen. But they convinced themselves it _wouldn't_. Or that it might happen, but not to them." The commissioner shuffles through some of the notes he's taken. "Could I get someone to refill this water?" Gavin says. "Please." A clerk comes by with a pitcher and fills his glass. "We understand from previous testimony that, after you left the underground operation at Eastyard, there was a meeting between yourself and the rest of your former crew." Gavin's stomach tightens. A pulse begins pushing in at his temples. "That's right." His eyes flit to the spot where Arvel Burrows's brother is sitting. The glimpse is so brief, he is unable to see an expression on the big man's face. "Whose idea was it to have such a meeting?" "I don't know, exactly. It wasn't mine. I don't know if one particular person on the shift asked for it, or if they all just agreed to it together." "Why did they want to meet with you?" "Well, it wasn't clear to me at first..." "Where did the meeting take place?" "At the Tartan Tavern." Laughter fills the hearing room. "That's a local beverage room," the chairman says. "It's walking distance from here, if you're looking for a place to get a steak for supper. Stay away from the fish and chips." More laughter. "Why was the purpose of the meeting unclear to you?" "Well, I didn't know if _they_ had a clear idea of what they wanted to talk about right off. There was a lot of griping and complaining about safety, but that was nothing new to me. I told them if they all quit together, something would have to be done." "Why would something have to be done?" "Because a company with that much public money in it would come under real close scrutiny if a quarter of the workforce quit overnight. Quit or die, is how I explained it to them, more or less. They already knew that anyway." "You told them they could quit or _die_?" The commissioner has a surprised look on his face. "What was their response?" "Well, I could see they were thinking about what I'd said. But I didn't expect them to start writing out their letters of resignation on their napkins or anything." "What did happen, then?" "Well, I was getting ready to leave, I thought the conversation had reached an end when one of the guys, Arvel Burrows, a big guy, a guy who's dead now. One of the twenty-six. We worked together on the United Mine Workers drive." Gavin stops in mid-thought and peers again into the gallery. He looks Ziv Burrows straight in the eye and feels himself tear up momentarily as the emotion of the memory overtakes him. "Arvel Burrows was a real good fellow," he says. He takes a drink of water, sets the glass back on the ring of condensation on the desk in front of him. "He told me they had a request to make of me," he continues. "A request." "Burrows said that if they died underground, would I make sure and tell the world what happened?" "Tell the world what happened." "That's right." "And what did you say to that?" "I told them I'd do what I could." "Who, exactly, was at that meeting? Arvel Burrows. How many others?" "It was A-shift. The shift that died. My old shift." "It was the same twenty-six men who perished." "Well, it would have been close to the same guys. Not everyone from the shift would have been there. But I'd say, of the twenty-six who died, there were, conservative estimate, fifteen or sixteen guys out of the twenty-six at the table that day in the Tartan Tavern." "How do you feel about the request now? Do you feel burdened with a responsibility?" "What responsibility?" "Telling the world." "I just did. _You're_ the world," Gavin says to the commissioner. He points at the TV camera. "There's the world right there. The world knows what went on at Eastyard Coal. Now it's the world's decision what they want to do about it. You can't bring the dead back to life. I know that much for sure." Gavin senses some movement in the gallery and looks over to see Ziv Burrows standing up, towering over the gallery and the whole proceedings before him. He has his mouth open as though he has just said something and is waiting for a reply. Gavin looks at Ziv's hands and notices how much they are trembling. The commissioner looks nervously at Ziv and there is a momentary stirring among the security guards positioned in the corners of the room. The commissioner looks at Gavin, as though Gavin might know this massive man standing over them, trembling, his bruised face terrified or enraged. "This man's brother,..." Gavin begins. But Ziv has turned around quickly and is halfway to the door before Gavin can finish his sentence. # Meta crosses the square of bus gates behind the south exit of Shinjuku Station. For the only time ever, out of the hundreds of people visible, she is walking the fastest. The ground is dusted with enough snow not to have melted immediately, and the city has spun into confusion. Taxis have all been fitted with snow chains or belts of reinforced wire wrapped around the tires. These have turned the streets into a calamitous racket as the chains clank and squeal, the wire belts drum the roadway. Pedestrians are slipping and writhing about everywhere with no idea how to negotiate snow-covered ground. The more comical ones are motionless as if frozen, clinging helplessly to a light post or phone box, terror blanching their faces as they watch the people who have foolishly unmoored themselves from something solid sliding about in a completely uncontrolled manner. Meta has never before thought of the ability to walk on snow-covered ground as a skill. When she got up this morning, she saw the snow and made sure she wore shoes that had a tread. Once she was about and realized she was not experiencing the same troubles as others were, she noticed that she had adjusted her stride. She was taking smaller steps and focusing the thrust of each step upward rather than back. The other secret is to slide when the sidewalk dictates, skating on the soles of your shoes when conditions underfoot are especially slippery. The cliché among the Japanese is that all Canadians ski. But as she walks toward her college, Meta forms a fresh stereotype: all Canadians can walk easily on slippery sidewalks. She is the first to arrive in her section of the office, but she is just hanging her coat in the locker when Sue Shooltz, a teacher from Tennessee, arrives. She is wrapped in a down-filled parka. Half of her face is covered by a scarf. Thick lambskin mitts are pulled halfway up her forearms. Meta bursts into laughter at the sight of her, so outrageously overdressed for such a mild cold. "Where's your Ski-Doo?" she says. Sue pulls the tasselled wool hat from over her ears. "My what?" she says, her Southern accent drawing out the second word. "You look like you came to work on a Ski-Doo," Meta

[ 342, 1594, 468, 571, 10223, 27, 187, 187, 21, 16, 22, 187, 187, 1909, 45302, 721, 24956, 265, 368, 275, 253, 3809, 14, 47417, 1533, 273, 6406, 16893, 13, 8133, 368, 327, 253, 5024, 347, 368, 21282, 949, 11306, 14998, 10198, 1475, 253, 1533, 15, 380, 2165, 38716, 13943, 15896, 285, 2250, 6430, 13, 534, 588, 1978, 368, 327, 634, 30106, 347, 368, 5492, 634, 1039, 715, 253, 4283, 1899, 15, 187, 187, 51, 4234, 3958, 327, 6109, 4095, 452, 2223, 908, 253, 4270, 14, 249, 17308, 11955, 281, 37434, 634, 9411, 15, 5488, 13, 5899, 3082, 1053, 626, 1581, 1199, 1453, 689, 38757, 390, 38953, 15, 380, 1594, 468, 571, 10223, 2544, 512, 326, 13, 6701, 281, 253, 35228, 5760, 15, 6915, 2057, 253, 36799, 10149, 390, 7370, 5181, 13229, 13, 368, 476, 37434, 285, 3693, 327, 4202, 7137, 390, 19486, 640, 634, 18062, 15, 3010, 15538, 13, 44251, 285, 38757, 310, 1160, 6927, 342, 253, 35228, 5760, 13, 1223, 253, 9215, 16020, 588, 320, 2223, 32033, 281, 9510, 634, 3885, 342, 253, 33415, 1612, 14, 484, 15, 187, 187, 37, 20787, 251, 3366, 13577, 27, 6347, 32329, 187, 187, 21333, 27, 187, 187, 52, 5, 805, 15, 1237, 187, 187, 7475, 250, 27, 187, 187, 8643, 1372, 11070, 187, 187, 30616, 2322, 342, 1594, 468, 571, 10223, 27, 187, 187, 20, 16, 22, 187, 187, 1276, 434, 352, 751, 281, 6947, 19461, 3038, 13, 269, 1946, 745, 5149, 846, 5149, 273, 29652, 2820, 281, 6909, 253, 9266, 326, 368, 1472, 15233, 32, 380, 3662, 281, 326, 1953, 476, 320, 9577, 604, 368, 1132, 12221, 32719, 3366, 13577, 27, 6347, 32329, 15, 1422, 1833, 755, 281, 6604, 3773, 432, 512, 689, 253, 1533, 275, 271, 3909, 3761, 281, 2057, 2342, 253, 9266, 13, 390, 564, 1481, 14, 251, 285, 6680, 352, 562, 281, 320, 253, 1390, 6306, 8080, 15, 187, 187, 37, 20787, 251, 3366, 13577, 310, 247, 2165, 326, 9910, 247, 2257, 273, 8692, 327, 3601, 15, 1623, 253, 7312, 6109, 4095, 13, 776, 47982, 651, 2223, 2972, 285, 35007, 776, 5231, 1223, 359, 1611, 281, 2118, 776, 8080, 342, 253, 327, 14, 14396, 5760, 15, 2726, 253, 1594, 468, 571, 10223, 13, 326, 1895, 642, 3356, 4961, 15, 380, 36799, 10149, 1024, 769, 347, 28194, 84, 281, 1347, 3158, 5231, 326, 812, 5321, 634, 1495, 15, 380, 9215, 16020, 1159, 347, 253, 2972, 285, 2983, 2250, 13, 342, 253, 1594, 6409, 1146, 253, 6923, 2250, 281, 755, 562, 273, 247, 6863, 4112, 15, 12526, 13, 436, 6505, 253, 7370, 5181, 13229, 347, 253, 4866, 5760, 13, 534, 812, 1421, 368, 281, 634, 40580, 342, 697, 39188, 5760, 15, 84, 23750, 275, 253, 2234, 273, 619, 1495, 187, 187, 28907, 314, 23728, 27, 4223, 4748, 187, 187, 1276, 1057, 352, 1599, 281, 320, 247, 3684, 11650, 4866, 45203, 13383, 323, 13163, 8460, 275, 4176, 285, 13898, 12225, 1223, 12206, 5517, 281, 253, 22680, 4797, 6409, 1066, 1966, 32853, 273, 436, 5412, 2137, 273, 3000, 32, 187, 187, 2115, 24830, 11832, 5134, 21193, 13, 9558, 285, 22531, 13, 16544, 327, 436, 47806, 522, 3450, 15, 754, 5841, 521, 16555, 27, 28436, 272, 733, 9067, 13, 6282, 273, 253, 1608, 16044, 15, 733, 369, 806, 3863, 327, 253, 322, 20323, 32241, 457, 84, 5311, 15, 187, 187, 3463, 11832, 5134, 21193, 27, 28436, 272, 733, 9067, 13, 6282, 273, 253, 1608, 16044, 187, 187, 30138, 5134, 21193, 313, 52, 20323, 32241, 13, 4410, 4033, 66, 255, 10, 187, 187, 43688, 9055, 309, 7416, 2067, 6009, 7038, 432, 11117, 7888, 323, 247, 4804, 342, 50048, 16358, 844, 7068, 313, 37, 14, 20604, 10, 275, 521, 3286, 3906, 275, 611, 999, 33892, 13, 20507, 281, 2319, 13163, 8460, 15, 380, 322, 20323, 32241, 310, 247, 629, 273, 5675, 1387, 273, 8889, 1475, 253, 2586, 9745, 247, 6009, 14, 3169, 4318, 281, 253, 13163, 8881, 13, 285, 275, 1798, 556, 644, 3939, 275, 253, 187, 187, 688, 253, 4804, 342, 50048, 844, 7068, 13, 359, 5469, 752, 352, 457, 84, 1469, 281, 1379, 281, 1524, 18260, 4993, 436, 7154, 13163, 985, 326, 556, 14320, 253, 4852, 273, 1249, 3041, 46098, 16618, 275, 436, 2586, 40790, 15, 1249, 3041, 952, 3811, 275, 253, 20586, 13, 387, 2495, 273, 1146, 15070, 7419, 432, 616, 5870, 285, 7636, 4394, 387, 667, 2774, 15, 831, 310, 247, 26312, 359, 4089, 247, 2257, 13, 533, 347, 322, 1479, 11285, 13, 752, 1057, 352, 1663, 1599, 281, 441, 32, 1359, 1057, 352, 4352, 1728, 32, 1737, 310, 776, 8294, 347, 443, 21384, 14, 21085, 952, 32, 187, 187, 43688, 352, 4352, 1728, 323, 479, 15, 187, 187, 56, 21489, 562, 273, 247, 19303, 4804, 4404, 253, 1685, 3523, 13, 309, 3543, 8489, 29874, 670, 253, 4780, 359, 1537, 320, 2104, 281, 1056, 327, 436, 2523, 275, 253, 1735, 807, 15, 1284, 309, 369, 36182, 562, 534, 1685, 281, 1379, 281, 755, 281, 25380, 7061, 13, 271, 5662, 711, 74, 637, 342, 247, 660, 43305, 90, 29970, 285, 2159, 50044, 8105, 11373, 5890, 314, 387, 479, 285, 10903, 598, 247, 7827, 275, 25150, 75, 18754, 15, 754, 6518, 479, 4677, 562, 534, 1685, 281, 755, 327, 13, 285, 840, 1694, 327, 253, 1072, 1685, 15, 187, 187, 42, 12470, 779, 281, 1790, 407, 479, 15, 844, 1160, 1355, 2312, 323, 36521, 285, 5502, 264, 281, 4383, 2378, 619, 47567, 14484, 6811, 313, 30229, 10, 25150, 75, 18754, 3589, 457, 85, 9968, 352, 667, 625, 15, 21965, 2217, 13, 344, 2183, 479, 326, 344, 574, 816, 12759, 562, 273, 12907, 15, 6201, 1087, 1701, 13, 309, 2546, 779, 752, 4592, 285, 604, 3253, 369, 8261, 15, 754, 10974, 2647, 273, 958, 314, 342, 247, 2926, 326, 3407, 342, 271, 10310, 5414, 5908, 2546, 779, 323, 5417, 581, 2360, 327, 253, 37049, 2067, 2607, 3622, 285, 7402, 342, 779, 9100, 767, 285, 247, 2716, 2607, 44099, 275, 271, 28054, 22680, 4055, 275, 6112, 15, 754, 816, 1694, 896, 1728, 1390, 2129, 15, 322, 2835, 1735, 281, 479, 13, 344, 369, 9398, 253, 1072, 5026, 4797, 14133, 326, 369, 1677, 281, 779, 275, 22680, 15, 187, 187, 8389, 1416, 310, 3052, 274, 75, 262, 21193, 13, 285, 344, 310, 247, 629, 273, 776, 3114, 15, 754, 2210, 281, 1457, 2816, 689, 1384, 1107, 3622, 285, 16544, 3962, 4383, 15, 754, 369, 5686, 285, 5439, 275, 19950, 285, 16139, 253, 3270, 14, 52, 20323, 268, 17629, 273, 12459, 285, 4457, 15, 754, 2789, 247, 3811, 407, 10156, 44221, 285, 1133, 46728, 15, 754, 310, 247, 322, 20323, 15, 754, 310, 46098, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 2546, 479, 752, 344, 943, 513, 15, 754, 753, 344, 476, 457, 85, 564, 896, 281, 5427, 13, 326, 352, 457, 84, 417, 521, 1728, 15, 844, 10062, 670, 253, 878, 323, 271, 13163, 985, 326, 25153, 253, 16457, 273, 512, 952, 285, 3400, 247, 1854, 281, 24588, 15, 309, 2183, 779, 670, 619, 789, 342, 253, 322, 20323, 32241, 13, 534, 344, 369, 9049, 670, 15, 1284, 309, 369, 2970, 745, 253, 1685, 309, 3534, 779, 619, 3120, 13, 285, 344, 753, 275, 25150, 75, 18754, 13, 773, 4041, 1388, 13, 309, 588, 1067, 368, 1425, 309, 5730, 309, 812, 452, 1677, 779, 247, 1175, 3662, 281, 521, 1953, 670, 752, 344, 943, 513, 13, 533, 436, 13163, 985, 2506, 457, 85, 452, 247, 1175, 3662, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 309, 7428, 1066, 5325, 394, 14216, 4404, 253, 305, 11180, 88, 4595, 13, 619, 2927, 6898, 342, 12330, 13, 29017, 804, 619, 8113, 285, 619, 36970, 15, 1737, 310, 1469, 281, 5108, 281, 3052, 274, 75, 262, 21193, 13, 665, 556, 30018, 3531, 281, 7665, 281, 277, 2924, 562, 521, 3075, 285, 11182, 32, 754, 369, 594, 9995, 281, 320, 773, 4924, 969, 1806, 347, 344, 1691, 352, 13, 533, 556, 642, 1039, 281, 1014, 4647, 281, 2489, 247, 4320, 14544, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 15, 754, 285, 9790, 273, 2571, 588, 4035, 3811, 275, 4709, 5734, 359, 26401, 1818, 253, 13163, 985, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 247, 3684, 11650, 2523, 15, 831, 310, 247, 25150, 75, 18754, 2523, 15, 831, 310, 271, 2448, 2523, 15, 831, 310, 247, 322, 20323, 2523, 15, 187, 187, 34, 7216, 4131, 36811, 715, 3668, 326, 8213, 15, 2752, 3392, 310, 275, 3874, 13, 806, 2181, 359, 1097, 513, 275, 253, 4131, 310, 448, 2284, 285, 8573, 15, 754, 5605, 281, 871, 665, 1912, 6926, 457, 84, 25154, 3761, 875, 6976, 285, 5854, 15, 5854, 1912, 15, 26197, 2171, 15, 187, 187, 42, 457, 78, 327, 49459, 806, 2181, 13, 14707, 281, 3630, 281, 253, 9575, 309, 816, 476, 457, 85, 755, 562, 893, 619, 1481, 15, 6975, 13, 773, 36556, 733, 496, 380, 19997, 313, 8494, 895, 582, 668, 407, 17287, 15873, 285, 36338, 15, 329, 6627, 4498, 13, 247, 9266, 1755, 24428, 465, 1079, 1487, 68, 11192, 273, 1708, 15, 831, 651, 320, 271, 512, 673, 2883, 2866, 3801, 352, 10345, 457, 85, 323, 253, 1132, 407, 1132, 7997, 281, 2746, 326, 8749, 13, 3785, 562, 326, 6152, 3120, 13, 285, 4489, 715, 24846, 457, 84, 6325, 3330, 15, 29264, 2784, 15, 187, 187, 688, 5131, 6317, 27, 3918, 6729, 8178, 661, 40688, 329, 611, 18717, 30194, 5201, 4297, 1701, 1284, 329, 773, 37261, 24489, 668, 187, 187, 1628, 2598, 752, 513, 368, 1158, 670, 253, 11723, 1895, 7721, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 1158, 512, 952, 17337, 1175, 1557, 15, 309, 1158, 359, 452, 253, 5300, 13, 285, 359, 2119, 878, 747, 2628, 8869, 13, 594, 271, 46626, 310, 1896, 15, 1292, 11723, 13, 751, 6617, 708, 14232, 13, 310, 581, 273, 1110, 3374, 326, 12957, 849, 16575, 436, 2586, 310, 275, 253, 3564, 273, 247, 1643, 17057, 15, 496, 436, 1083, 13, 6503, 4413, 13, 253, 3739, 9787, 2570, 13, 285, 1943, 815, 21401, 15, 21910, 3968, 11359, 247, 32748, 2454, 13, 533, 690, 3374, 1056, 617, 43662, 15, 27147, 310, 2614, 285, 43370, 3968, 13, 8342, 285, 2969, 1425, 187, 187, 1044, 35314, 273, 368, 452, 11575, 436, 5311, 285, 619, 22336, 83, 689, 253, 2469, 1264, 1897, 15, 2064, 14935, 479, 871, 247, 1643, 1841, 27, 187, 187, 18, 15, 3666, 74, 23114, 310, 327, 253, 6054, 28, 374, 15, 1707, 310, 271, 16400, 1600, 275, 3666, 74, 3293, 67, 2458, 285, 305, 698, 313, 45, 6920, 4490, 6901, 25138, 13, 1162, 355, 11507, 752, 359, 513, 13, 849, 359, 513, 352, 13, 285, 849, 31848, 359, 1007, 672, 359, 513, 352, 28, 495, 15, 16925, 571, 15601, 5104, 310, 247, 9968, 5024, 3666, 74, 5311, 18273, 407, 697, 10668, 28, 577, 15, 8741, 20414, 21193, 24505, 670, 436, 3114, 285, 594, 13, 617, 23114, 310, 816, 314, 327, 253, 6054, 313, 3529, 457, 84, 479, 12633, 481, 3122, 187, 475, 8283, 313, 68, 10, 4104, 3083, 13511, 76, 22711, 26165, 375, 1079, 313, 46, 4692, 17443, 22711, 15, 35, 40001, 1079, 33, 8428, 39766, 15, 681, 10, 187, 475, 187, 475, 831, 1873, 310, 629, 273, 23127, 78, 21949, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 23127, 78, 21949, 310, 1959, 3694, 28, 368, 476, 25529, 352, 285, 16, 263, 187, 475, 10007, 352, 762, 253, 2426, 273, 253, 11963, 32425, 4214, 5259, 187, 475, 4637, 347, 3863, 407, 253, 7648, 9107, 6807, 28, 2057, 187, 475, 2715, 374, 15, 18, 273, 253, 4637, 13, 390, 313, 255, 634, 4500, 10, 667, 1996, 2715, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 23127, 78, 21949, 310, 5939, 275, 253, 3524, 326, 352, 588, 320, 4217, 13, 187, 475, 533, 15002, 9103, 23181, 28, 1293, 1014, 253, 10466, 17529, 273, 187, 475, 20863, 390, 20524, 6651, 329, 20383, 20103, 15, 50276, 5035, 253, 11963, 187, 475, 32425, 4214, 5259, 4637, 323, 625, 4278, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1422, 943, 452, 2959, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 11963, 32425, 4214, 5259, 187, 475, 4637, 2112, 342, 23127, 78, 21949, 28, 604, 417, 13, 3630, 281, 253, 7648, 9107, 187, 475, 6807, 13, 3690, 904, 8319, 17179, 5720, 13, 17538, 32370, 13, 9693, 13, 6908, 470, 49352, 14, 39677, 5106, 187, 1738, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 4658, 580, 29786, 16, 29035, 25, 69, 1033, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 4658, 580, 8906, 16, 78, 2824, 16, 27256, 64, 12432, 2921, 64, 983, 66, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 29035, 25, 69, 1033, 64, 78, 2824, 15, 73 ]

with Xperia Play: 4/5 Asphalt 6 immerses you in the fast-paced world of street racing, putting you on the edge as you zoom through heavily packed streets around the world. The game boasts impressive graphics and action sequences, which will keep you on your toes as you race your way into the leading position. Racing games on mobile devices have often used the built-in accelerometer to steer your vehicles. Furthermore, traditional methods don't allow much control over accelerating or braking. The Xperia Play changes all that, thanks to the PlayStation controls. Using either the directional keys or analog touch pad, you can steer and avoid oncoming traffic or overtake your opponents. More importantly, drifting and accelerating is made easier with the PlayStation controls, while the shoulder buttons will be often tapped to boost your speed with the nitro power-up. Dungeon Defenders: Second Wave Price: S$12.32 Genre: MMORPG Compatibility with Xperia Play: 3/5 What's it like to spend endless hours, fending off wave after wave of monsters trying to destroy the crystal that you're protecting? The answer to that question can be answered if you play Dungeon Defenders: Second Wave. You'll get to join players from all over the world in an online match to either defend the crystal, or go head-on and battle it out to be the last standing hero. Dungeon Defenders is a game that houses a lot of info on screen. On the usual mobile devices, our thumbs would often block and hinder our actions while we try to move our hero with the on-screen controls. With the Xperia Play, that problem no longer exists. The directional keys now act as shortcuts to perform quick actions that could save your life. The shoulder buttons function as the block and attack action, with the X button being the jump action to get out of a tight situation. Unfortunately, this leaves the analog touch pad as the movement controls, which could lead you to your demise with its insensitive controls.songs in the key of my life Monthly Archives: August 2009 What does it mean to be a South Asian movement organizer pushing for immigration reform in suit and tie meetings while bearing witness to the detention blue button down human casualties of this cold war of words? Comrade Sonny Singh, artist and activist, speaks on this juxtaposition. He calls his essay: Bringing It Home, Out of the Shadows. It was first published on the Sikh Coalition’s blog. By Sonny Singh: Bringing It Home, Out of the Shadows Sonny Singh (Sikh Coalition, Red Baraat) Yesterday afternoon I joined several faith leaders from diverse communities for a meeting with Congressman Anthony Weiner (D-NY) in his district office in Kew Gardens, Queens to discuss immigration reform. The Sikh Coalition is a part of growing group of organizations around the country bringing a faith-based voice to the immigration debate, and in particular has been active in the In the meeting with Congressman Weiner, we discussed what it’s going to take to realistically fix this broken immigration system that has deemed the lives of 12 million undocumented immigrants in this country worthless. 12 million people living in the shadows, at risk of being torn apart from their families and loved ones at any moment. This is a statistic we hear a lot, but as Sikhs, what does it really mean to us? How does it hit home? What is our responsibility as Guru-oriented people? Yesterday it hit home for me. Walking out of a productive meeting towards the bus stop, I felt somewhat hopeful about the progress we might be able to make on this issue in the next year. As I was figuring out which bus to take to get to Richmond Hill, an older desi man with a scruffy beard and short pony tail smiled warmly at me and struck up a conversation in Punjabi. He helped me figure out which bus to get on, and then got on the same bus. I invited him to sit by me. We made small talk for awhile and transitioned to English once my tutti futti (broken) Punjabi wasn’t cutting it any more. Soon enough, he told me that he had just gotten out of jail. Surprised, I asked him what happened and if everything was okay. He responded matter of factly with a story that began with an NYPD officer asked him for ID one night on the subway several months ago and ended with him spending two and a half months incarcerated in an immigrant detention center in Texas. He just got back home last week. Sitting next to me, he was wearing the same thick blue shirt that was given to him in detention. His name is Amarjit Singh, and he is a part of our community. He came to New York over 20 years ago and speaks perfect English. He was born and raised in Delhi and survived the anti-Sikh pograms of 1984 and beyond. He makes a living by selling perfume and handbags. He is a Sikh. He is undocumented. He asked me what he should do. He said he can’t go back to India, that it’s not his home. We talked about the need for an immigration system that recognizes the humanity of all people and provides a path to citizenship. I told him about my work with the Sikh Coalition, which he was excited about. As I was getting off the bus I gave him my card, and he said in Punjabi, “One day, I will call you.” I wish I could have given him a good answer to his question about what he should do, but this immigration system doesn’t have a good answer. As I walked down 95th Avenue towards the gurdwara, my eyes filled with tears, blurring my vision and my optimism. What is going to happen to Amarjit Singh, who has sadly turned to alcohol to drown out his pain and struggle? He was so glad to be “free again,” as he put it, but has no way to even apply to become a legal resident of the United States. He and millions of others will continue living in fear unless we fundamentally change the immigration system. This is a South Asian issue. This is a Punjabi issue. This is an American issue. This is a Sikh issue. A Monday morning peek into news that matters. My father is in town, first thing we both do in the morning is chai and internet. He wants to know who won Sunday’s cricket match between Australia and England. England won. Same diff. I’m on Youtube first thing, wanting to write to the songs I just can’t get outta my head. Like, “Throw It In The Bag (Remix),” by Fabulous and Drake. A bright song, a crystal top spinning kaleidescopes of light. This would be an all time fav…IF it weren’t for the play by play instructions to approach that register, pull out that credit card, and buy into capitalism’s empty win. Shopping. In Other News: President Obama Walks Into A KKK Meeting Disguised As A “Townhall” “So what do you think about the healthcare problem?” “I think all people deserve good care. I think we have the resources, and we sure need new job creation, so an overhaul is possible. But healthcare, like crime & punishment, is one of those issues that reveals how thoroughly this country is in the hands of a few industries. In this case, insurance companies, the medical industrial complex, and big pharma. Generally America keeps a poker face, but some issues make her bleed. Healthcare is blood and guts America, plain and simple.” Thousands of you have viewed this blog and my flickr over the past three days. That lets me know a few things: 1. Desi visibility is on the rise; 2. There is an overwhelming interest in Desi lesbians and gays (LGBTTTSQQ, et al.), what we do, how we do it, and how fabulous we look when we do it; 3. Sepia Mutiny is a cutting edge Desi blog trusted by its readers; 4. Roopa Singh cares about this community and so, her visibility is justly on the rise (that’s me folks)./* * Copyright (c) 2015 Manojkumar Bhosale ([email protected]) * * This file is part of FFmpeg. * * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA */ #include "libavcodec/vp8dsp.h" #include "libavutil/mips/generic_macros_msa.h" #include "vp8dsp_mips.h

[ 1884, 7253, 13, 12604, 804, 1866, 7819, 275, 247, 1048, 7145, 2118, 281, 1056, 352, 495, 14, 17, 187, 187, 510, 7123, 2525, 969, 387, 608, 2617, 10873, 275, 367, 16697, 7292, 259, 10273, 22895, 323, 253, 1273, 285, 2457, 1071, 275, 253, 31307, 6869, 2962, 12547, 27, 1852, 18640, 600, 1255, 187, 187, 8924, 457, 12486, 14, 19893, 7688, 476, 320, 1892, 281, 6016, 13, 533, 956, 841, 12192, 285, 368, 588, 1928, 751, 597, 403, 3811, 987, 1735, 3369, 1621, 581, 457, 84, 2455, 753, 326, 1048, 4181, 7688, 403, 3477, 13, 533, 253, 4181, 2506, 457, 85, 452, 281, 23737, 634, 2954, 2057, 15, 2726, 253, 987, 11847, 285, 5511, 13, 1048, 4181, 7688, 476, 2686, 320, 625, 2866, 3886, 8147, 17003, 353, 22026, 27465, 1539, 9785, 16341, 38038, 16093, 40505, 22031, 42113, 4889, 8160, 3003, 45022, 36502, 13, 35460, 13556, 6725, 3172, 28320, 3077, 1277, 15, 187, 187, 8683, 28281, 7953, 8702, 33219, 18896, 5935, 7953, 42113, 9277, 32, 187, 187, 46528, 20753, 8702, 8728, 9242, 1848, 5935, 5642, 4985, 2354, 3003, 33238, 40441, 5935, 46683, 1843, 22031, 25382, 19290, 32, 187, 187, 10663, 2293, 13, 39669, 3886, 2637, 13573, 7953, 4915, 5446, 7840, 3329, 4827, 52, 4110, 2949, 388, 2795, 1410, 3481, 15441, 27254, 3489, 42, 42284, 38392, 2354, 17173, 1410, 10727, 3003, 27465, 2025, 13190, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 625, 685, 1384, 1107, 275, 253, 2136, 359, 871, 352, 310, 1805, 281, 6233, 634, 2136, 685, 281, 816, 1056, 247, 3158, 7289, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 15555, 9361, 327, 253, 9023, 273, 4344, 2136, 8333, 285, 3290, 789, 15, 187, 187, 6872, 403, 10434, 326, 359, 1928, 1918, 441, 271, 5024, 689, 253, 7324, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 751, 281, 1067, 352, 776, 773, 41793, 275, 253, 1608, 796, 668, 9023, 1108, 984, 387, 5446, 50056, 1336, 13, 359, 457, 306, 1694, 368, 6107, 432, 1199, 625, 685, 816, 253, 5101, 2, 187, 187, 6067, 346, 41793, 275, 21290, 3, 9023, 187, 187, 510, 32949, 273, 1051, 7456, 187, 187, 1394, 588, 4366, 1633, 1027, 670, 776, 2579, 987, 432, 253, 1265, 15, 844, 871, 326, 1046, 2199, 310, 4451, 594, 359, 1379, 253, 673, 281, 1663, 2096, 634, 3198, 13, 285, 840, 359, 755, 3053, 34873, 731, 15, 844, 3662, 253, 4481, 672, 368, 4065, 15, 844, 1265, 285, 3426, 634, 2199, 327, 673, 285, 327, 7563, 15, 844, 789, 1892, 936, 6233, 634, 2136, 13, 285, 1014, 12150, 281, 1978, 634, 2136, 15, 187, 187, 510, 32949, 273, 1051, 36251, 187, 187, 2350, 50056, 1336, 6131, 253, 23476, 3580, 432, 973, 14, 4304, 13, 973, 14, 373, 5344, 16596, 15, 844, 452, 1270, 7688, 342, 253, 16596, 13, 534, 13276, 441, 281, 4044, 12085, 20910, 1108, 285, 1509, 253, 16347, 327, 281, 368, 15, 844, 671, 1379, 1270, 15555, 275, 253, 789, 359, 513, 13, 594, 760, 253, 954, 18024, 12440, 588, 320, 1892, 387, 789, 327, 634, 12692, 15, 187, 187, 510, 32949, 273, 1051, 2632, 808, 187, 187, 2632, 808, 2722, 275, 3253, 359, 513, 387, 5446, 50056, 1336, 15, 844, 1675, 634, 673, 407, 17749, 326, 776, 15572, 921, 598, 347, 11526, 15, 1310, 271, 440, 922, 16564, 26741, 5997, 247, 5778, 273, 667, 2238, 13, 368, 588, 4763, 247, 1067, 281, 1339, 368, 871, 15, 844, 1675, 634, 1728, 407, 17749, 776, 3334, 398, 403, 16575, 22546, 13, 14186, 1246, 1598, 13, 285, 3553, 253, 789, 2170, 347, 352, 369, 1119, 15, 1628, 18681, 1080, 9662, 3198, 281, 320, 8274, 342, 253, 2448, 952, 670, 617, 5827, 1108, 533, 327, 3253, 432, 7751, 281, 9256, 281, 8404, 9044, 13, 352, 3133, 703, 434, 2820, 281, 452, 352, 1097, 4088, 937, 753, 11007, 611, 1171, 22153, 13, 10924, 6423, 323, 24006, 8, 4544, 275, 247, 3908, 327, 6794, 15, 187, 187, 10457, 247, 9922, 12674, 8881, 275, 4163, 13, 18718, 22306, 6729, 13, 399, 14, 15041, 10868, 13, 753, 344, 651, 320, 7378, 281, 2525, 1293, 638, 12380, 275, 253, 806, 807, 273, 521, 26083, 342, 253, 7038, 273, 7751, 13, 12728, 13, 27608, 13, 24605, 285, 3729, 9733, 15, 187, 187, 15542, 272, 342, 779, 327, 3924, 13, 9662, 753, 703, 651, 806, 5007, 546, 5711, 656, 281, 1071, 253, 12685, 285, 1925, 6729, 434, 1899, 3496, 37882, 285, 27785, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 2546, 670, 352, 8216, 407, 247, 23800, 13, 253, 1457, 2816, 27445, 753, 7019, 326, 703, 13, 1512, 13, 651, 26339, 342, 7751, 346, 3113, 642, 2515, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 651, 11377, 275, 16685, 342, 7751, 13, 342, 642, 2515, 13, 984, 359, 1053, 626, 1663, 2096, 849, 7751, 2987, 15, 844, 1158, 359, 513, 13, 432, 253, 3345, 13, 533, 309, 1158, 326, 310, 24363, 937, 703, 753, 387, 271, 19126, 390, 32675, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1147, 310, 1077, 31623, 326, 18718, 9662, 3133, 3413, 281, 29809, 617, 6128, 327, 253, 3374, 326, 2647, 954, 281, 253, 2448, 952, 15, 2732, 2800, 1107, 273, 253, 11301, 13500, 457, 84, 37359, 5639, 3646, 13, 253, 36309, 275, 436, 6132, 403, 1512, 1029, 937, 611, 1171, 22153, 2427, 327, 281, 1333, 275, 253, 3727, 15, 346, 510, 2448, 952, 17337, 247, 4007, 665, 588, 2028, 731, 253, 5083, 285, 3959, 4951, 9172, 13, 417, 19153, 14, 1258, 2695, 285, 3569, 4021, 14, 9293, 518, 1425, 187, 187, 3996, 4515, 369, 11526, 281, 4544, 275, 1457, 24129, 327, 7814, 285, 6926, 15, 7146, 1060, 281, 16098, 434, 747, 3569, 20280, 27, 16098, 37010, 982, 15, 681, 187, 187, 27962, 2727, 9, 1235, 26231, 265, 10, 187, 187, 6623, 532, 9071, 2784, 2789, 323, 1175, 30587, 984, 368, 476, 1333, 5913, 310, 954, 4633, 387, 253, 673, 1293, 6306, 407, 352, 1996, 15, 7243, 952, 6923, 327, 253, 3961, 88, 5154, 597, 588, 320, 1512, 14301, 83, 833, 387, 3746, 11476, 616, 10551, 15, 1583, 588, 4489, 253, 9183, 5508, 285, 38219, 390, 1014, 2794, 747, 4394, 323, 731, 15, 187, 187, 4967, 310, 352, 594, 2834, 281, 923, 253, 3064, 875, 32542, 2208, 14, 936, 14, 20129, 285, 4804, 6657, 14, 936, 14, 39892, 32, 24744, 13, 476, 18718, 6729, 285, 3438, 18718, 24006, 417, 923, 436, 13812, 13, 390, 513, 597, 15257, 5206, 417, 281, 32, 187, 187, 25698, 2896, 8652, 13, 9693, 13, 6908, 1163, 4437, 2145, 13, 5215, 495, 27, 2640, 12920, 187, 187, 6723, 368, 271, 2329, 14, 2522, 32, 330, 1353, 251, 2, 733, 434, 253, 1072, 2181, 15, 380, 2208, 3797, 253, 6657, 285, 253, 952, 326, 789, 323, 285, 342, 779, 16, 379, 15, 3166, 368, 1014, 871, 752, 2208, 310, 32, 309, 3524, 368, 3037, 625, 670, 8672, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 619, 1924, 13, 436, 310, 253, 1682, 629, 273, 253, 16098, 23132, 308, 13749, 15, 22006, 3569, 3668, 273, 253, 346, 6795, 4023, 3, 5235, 13, 2568, 1335, 1774, 15, 187, 187, 4041, 1895, 13, 2167, 15, 346, 15542, 272, 342, 779, 327, 3924, 13, 9662, 753, 703, 651, 806, 5007, 546, 5711, 656, 281, 1071, 253, 12685, 285, 1925, 6729, 434, 1899, 3496, 37882, 285, 27785, 449, 187, 187, 3650, 2032, 15, 1310, 368, 2686, 1007, 896, 387, 253, 3492, 273, 253, 15167, 16, 34525, 8881, 13, 368, 476, 923, 326, 18175, 858, 417, 3587, 11449, 6729, 689, 521, 5701, 327, 13311, 13, 285, 326, 253, 346, 343, 37882, 285, 27785, 3, 3908, 2210, 46199, 253, 8881, 13, 417, 1309, 15, 187, 187, 2290, 3097, 310, 253, 954, 1774, 2181, 275, 3668, 7031, 13, 285, 352, 1364, 1620, 320, 31548, 323, 17647, 15, 187, 187, 42, 971, 281, 1333, 1633, 281, 512, 253, 9662, 19761, 4461, 14501, 15, 187, 41821, 8702, 418, 13792, 22031, 26127, 5942, 2, 7764, 368, 512, 3590, 18439, 281, 755, 436, 3416, 275, 281, 3906, 281, 253, 1127, 368, 651, 9645, 314, 4017, 617, 604, 703, 434, 1146, 1925, 327, 1633, 703, 858, 3430, 15, 1244, 604, 368, 1472, 1469, 281, 3324, 598, 835, 369, 6729, 327, 253, 1388, 273, 253, 6273, 368, 943, 452, 9047, 330, 4350, 1539, 2, 1310, 368, 871, 512, 326, 3761, 670, 8672, 387, 512, 15, 309, 3524, 18175, 2506, 626, 2028, 368, 952, 281, 6923, 745, 273, 247, 9729, 984, 987, 1024, 309, 492, 86, 600, 1158, 368, 651, 513, 352, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 8872, 13, 6729, 285, 24006, 4571, 626, 2096, 752, 18175, 5486, 670, 7751, 15, 6729, 2183, 441, 344, 5605, 281, 2525, 731, 637, 281, 637, 13, 18175, 2183, 441, 3968, 588, 26339, 342, 7751, 13, 2097, 2208, 281, 2208, 15, 1583, 871, 617, 8208, 533, 597, 816, 751, 281, 1056, 20362, 2523, 13, 984, 597, 3260, 597, 452, 642, 667, 3524, 275, 436, 1127, 15, 4009, 3826, 10120, 729, 13, 368, 4571, 626, 3984, 562, 534, 3128, 368, 5663, 281, 35731, 32, 14816, 327, 368, 15, 309, 717, 247, 18175, 31409, 13, 642, 6701, 13, 309, 1053, 626, 878, 634, 7535, 13, 309, 717, 1077, 1290, 1483, 752, 309, 717, 2509, 15, 309, 1158, 8786, 9183, 878, 11853, 434, 7535, 15, 346, 4609, 273, 2282, 310, 4030, 407, 479, 3, 533, 417, 323, 253, 17241, 13, 368, 403, 1077, 27915, 13, 816, 751, 8786, 15, 187, 187, 510, 24006, 18120, 4453, 347, 604, 352, 310, 10805, 7419, 15, 380, 760, 2181, 344, 310, 2509, 310, 20362, 18718, 9662, 15, 754, 556, 417, 13964, 18718, 6729, 323, 417, 1014, 4645, 598, 281, 6273, 327, 253, 611, 1190, 14, 4015, 487, 8592, 15129, 15, 754, 310, 760, 7106, 327, 270, 3834, 18718, 9662, 15, 754, 310, 1663, 1663, 2819, 18439, 15, 754, 574, 271, 14779, 1421, 275, 14890, 13, 326, 556, 30117, 15, 3032, 4544, 23866, 403, 1066, 15, 3032, 1329, 310, 277, 16668, 1981, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1158, 3438, 18718, 24006, 3198, 281, 11585, 432, 37029, 8672, 15, 754, 556, 521, 5107, 15, 733, 434, 673, 344, 3534, 3095, 2010, 31187, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5599, 1840, 1694, 352, 8839, 987, 15, 1621, 521, 19239, 390, 2806, 5599, 476, 7171, 247, 3168, 3226, 15, 18175, 588, 3330, 285, 368, 1912, 626, 1014, 452, 247, 12008, 12674, 5310, 390, 6729, 15, 1893, 368, 8525, 273, 841, 8290, 878, 281, 1918, 598, 984, 18175, 9662, 310, 253, 13688, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5599, 1840, 1694, 352, 8839, 987, 15, 1621, 521, 19239, 390, 2806, 5599, 476, 7171, 247, 3168, 3226, 15, 18175, 588, 3330, 285, 368, 1912, 626, 1014, 452, 247, 12008, 12674, 5310, 390, 6729, 15, 1893, 368, 8525, 273, 841, 8290, 878, 281, 1918, 598, 984, 18175, 9662, 310, 253, 13688, 15, 187, 187, 3220, 2380, 27, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 33005, 382, 7967, 302, 3692, 1416, 309, 588, 417, 10390, 285, 3692, 2846, 273, 12913, 309, 588, 417, 14816, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 2119, 326, 604, 368, 753, 326, 275, 253, 3361, 273, 288, 12537, 13, 2534, 471, 390, 6793, 472, 1665, 597, 651, 9012, 387, 368, 13, 285, 840, 1614, 1977, 275, 26489, 382, 15, 187, 187, 17304, 79, 626, 352, 320, 594, 1199, 6927, 323, 2534, 471, 604, 502, 8185, 2686, 753, 346, 42, 1158, 309, 717, 954, 12165, 323, 4007, 984, 309, 247, 3168, 3226, 3, 187, 187, 43835, 13975, 253, 6420, 309, 4366, 326, 253, 3000, 2806, 285, 3168, 5752, 347, 17744, 265, 323, 3226, 285, 5006, 625, 2223, 685, 417, 15, 187, 187, 6300, 13872, 368, 871, 326, 310, 9012, 494, 281, 670, 495, 16, 21, 20556, 273, 253, 2586, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 253, 6627, 1930, 13, 253, 7431, 368, 1329, 310, 271, 7126, 5508, 9558, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2201, 3668, 23812, 452, 2168, 7416, 18718, 22306, 6729, 275, 3731, 17932, 3006, 18718, 18175, 9662, 457, 84, 1899, 5001, 16685, 342, 7751, 15, 1583, 452, 16402, 326, 617, 5701, 1309, 253, 4163, 15167, 8881, 17343, 617, 5701, 1160, 1309, 271, 4437, 1903, 4544, 7286, 275, 1457, 24129, 15, 1723, 13, 247, 11019, 6818, 2909, 273, 8573, 2561, 281, 1089, 253, 4588, 4973, 273, 617, 5701, 4518, 7568, 326, 617, 1899, 556, 644, 7094, 5185, 4768, 13, 5747, 253, 3731, 17932, 5904, 407, 18718, 6729, 285, 253, 3420, 15, 187, 1552, 310, 512, 10090, 562, 275, 2508, 2708, 15, 496, 2159, 13, 18718, 9662, 4518, 753, 703, 651, 417, 4514, 281, 1480, 13, 3367, 12225, 342, 2173, 13, 36818, 1136, 474, 7038, 275, 617, 806, 807, 1293, 667, 638, 32978, 15, 1623, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 752 ]

30 seconds, Karringten turns in a long corner move to make it 3-0 The sides meet again at 5pm tomorrow in Pembroke wanderers for the second and final test in the SoftCo seriesTag: #lonelyness ‘’Long-distance relationships can be hard to handle, but follow these tips and you will feel like they are living right next door No one’s ever said that long distance relationships are easy, but the distance doesn’t have to ruin your relationship either. With the right commitment and communication, long distance relationships can actually be more…THERE ARE MANY COMPANIES OUT THERE THAT WANT YOUR BUSINESS AND ON THE SURFACE, THEY ALL SEEM SIMILAR. SO HOW DO YOU KNOW WHO TO DO BUSINESS WITH? HOW CAN YOU BE SURE TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT COMPANY TO HANDLE YOUR PROJECT? WELL, EVERYTHING WE DO AT AD SHUTTERS IS IN HOPES OF DIFFERENTIATING OURSELVES FROM THE COMPETITION. After more than 20 years in the business we know it is better to earn your business than to just make a quick sale. We pride ourselves on the promise of fair business practices and quality work. These are assets that we feel give us an edge over the competition. We like to call it our “Made in the Shade” promise – because at AD Shutters, we’ve got you covered from much more than just the sun! Our "Made in shade" promise The Promise of...Service You will notice something different about our service right from the start. We know that every project is unique so we take the time to really understand your needs, and then we get started fulfilling them. We answer the phone when youcall. We start and complete your project on time and on budget. We work hardto earn your business, and even harder to keep your business. The Promise of...Quality AD Shutters offers the finest products from well-known, well-respected manufacturers. We have great relationships with the manufacturers, which enables us to obtain competitive pricing – and pass the savings on to you. We also take great pride in the work we do, so only the most skilled professionals will be hard at work on your installation. The Promise of...Respect Respect shows in everything we do at AD Shutters. We respect your time by ensuring that our representatives show up as scheduled. If an unforeseen circumstance causes a delay of any kind, you will receive a call to let you know. We respect your home by ensuring our installers are thoroughly screened, dressed presentably, and leave the work area as it was found.“Senator Clinton needs to be honest with the American people about her plans – but on everything from Iran to Iraq to Social Security, it seems she's trying to have it both ways," said Chris Kofinis, communications director for Edwards' campaign in a statement on Friday. During a Democratic presidential debate in July, Senator Barack Obama, D-Illinois, said he would be willing to meet without precondition in the first year of his presidency with the leaders of Iran, Syria, Venezuela, Cuba and North Korea. Standing with him on stage, Clinton said she would first send envoys to test the waters and called Obama's position irresponsible and naive. But asked about it Thursday by a voter, the New York senator said twice that she, too, would negotiate with Iran "with no conditions." "I would engage in negotiations with Iran, with no conditions, because we don't really understand how Iran works. We think we do, from the outside, but I think that is misleading," she said at an apple orchard. “It is very disappointing that Senator Clinton seems determined to hedge her responses on the issues that matter most to the American people. After six years of the Bush Administration’s disastrous foreign policy, the stakes in this election are too high," Kofinis went on to say in the release. "The American people deserve a president who will tell them the truth and offer straight answers, not flip-flops and political double-speak.” Edwards was scheduled to campaign in New Hampshire on Saturday and Sunday.Click here to CNN's new political portal: CNNPolitics.com soundoff(50 Responses) Flip flopping makes for good polling because you can say whatever is most popular at the time without standing by it later. Once people jump on the bandwagon they will be too embarrased at themselves admit their mistake. They will buy the candidates spin and excuses or even create new ones for them. Why is it so difficult to see the difference between negotiating government-to-government and meeting leader-to-leader? Really, can Senator Obama and former Senator Edwards not see this distinction, or do they actively choose not to? Posted By Lee, Boston, MA : October 13, 2007 3:02 pm Are you an air-head? C'mon! It's the same thing. The government includes the leader and the people that work for and with him/her. Do you even know what government is? I hope you learn more about politics. For my record, this is the best part of the CNN Political Ticker. Constant political news of the "small ball" variety, yet still important. One problem, though. "Standing with him on stage, Clinton said she would first send envoys to test the waters and called Obama's position irresponsible and naive." Not true. If you actually look back at the video of the YouTube/CNN debate, you can see that Hillary did not directly confront Obama over his comments onstage, and that the "irresponsible and naive" statement came AFTER the debate, not during. Truth is the most important thing in news coverage, and it must never be sacrificed for simplicity. I want to say something to all the Clinton Bedroom supporters. HAVE YOU LOST YOUR MINDS! Please you all sound desperate to get this woman in to office to the point you would blindly protect her if she's being called on something she did wrong. And if you're going to bring up where was Obama on the day of the vote you should have watched CSPAN! If you know all that match about politics at all. I hope Hillary doesn't tell you people to jump off of a bridge because right now I truely think you would do it. It is sad, Obama and Edwards couldn't understand what Hillary meant about Iran. Obama told us he wants to meet them man to man, Hillary told us America will negotiate with Iran, means government to government. They know her intention but they just like to make attacking issue, because they knew they have no any hope in this point. Val Davydov, you couldn't speak out which party you belong to proudly? shame on you. I am a Hillary supporter, no thanks, I don't need your advice, I am very possitive what I am doing. I think Republican candidates need somebody's advice. "which of course is fine by me" but not for the Country, you are very selfish, just like Republican. The Edwards campaigns looks as if it is falling apart. The only thing he is doing is attacking Senator Clinton. He has not attacked Senator Obama for not even showing up to vote on the Kyl-Leiberman amendment. He is only focused on bashing Senator Clinton. He is really really looking desperate. He had an enormous lead in Iowa, that has vanished. His campaign donations are down. His support is dwindling. I think former Senator Edwards needs to retire from Presidential politics. He has his opportunity. It's time he gave someone else theirs. The guy above got it absolutely right. No hispanic or black guy can beat a white girl. Hillary will win and you won't even have a vice presidential shoot or Obama. So you supports of these boys need to give up because Hillary Clinton is the winner. The guy above got it absolutely right. No hispanic or black guy can beat a white girl. Hillary will win and you won't even have a vice presidential shoot or Obama. So you supports of these boys need to give up because Hillary Clinton is the winner. My response: For the Racist Bigot whose name I will not honor and whose city of residence I will not shame. I'm sure that if you said that in the presence of hillary, barack or richardson they would laugh at you, and then turn away in disguist. Wouldn't it be so much easier for barack if clinton actually said "I think I am most qualified for president because I a white girl" Whenever visiting the south I notice that the words black and white serve as prefixes for girl and boy more often than not. Just letting you know that is laughable to about 3/4ths of the country. On the bright side, the candidate you support is an excellent spin artist. The major news outlets have already joined Senator Barack Obama in mischaracterizing Senator Hillary Clinton’s position regarding negotiations with Iran. They have asserted that her comments during the July YouTube debate contradict her comments made during an October 11 campaign appearance in New Hampshire. However, a mere twenty minutes of internet research to find the actual sources of her comments clearly demonstrate that her position has been entirely consistent throughout, despite the mischaracterizations by Senator Obama and the media. This is all laid out in detail below. In short, Senator Clinton clearly said she would not commit to direct, personal meetings with specific, tyrannical leaders in her first year without any preconditions. On the other hand, what

[ 1534, 5743, 281, 253, 15884, 30129, 1223, 4645, 642, 1534, 14523, 281, 20663, 26638, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 21, 68, 13, 277, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 2536, 2053, 1543, 1804, 326, 26144, 8512, 2127, 285, 19837, 1491, 670, 1097, 10921, 285, 2105, 387, 253, 673, 273, 2105, 30129, 9759, 15, 1470, 15, 495, 37, 412, 6771, 23586, 6128, 281, 2105, 26638, 15, 1401, 66, 424, 329, 8612, 26144, 23586, 2380, 281, 253, 2105, 26638, 15, 380, 24147, 4038, 3470, 497, 5118, 432, 253, 12650, 2425, 273, 247, 575, 69, 412, 6771, 23586, 5950, 432, 253, 28005, 367, 15, 380, 18010, 3104, 5224, 253, 24147, 4038, 3470, 285, 18010, 20200, 5224, 253, 24147, 11795, 15, 6115, 285, 19445, 9830, 5224, 2425, 275, 253, 1029, 14, 16736, 285, 1698, 14, 16736, 7587, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 9118, 1386, 6492, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 2105, 30129, 9759, 15, 380, 11978, 14, 30842, 2170, 6492, 253, 2180, 281, 10173, 253, 14954, 2281, 347, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 1617, 26638, 15, 1401, 67, 424, 30657, 14, 11215, 2961, 2425, 273, 253, 26144, 8512, 5950, 432, 28005, 367, 281, 253, 1617, 26638, 15, 380, 4891, 3104, 253, 17889, 3104, 1957, 1599, 285, 18555, 13, 2975, 15, 1401, 68, 424, 380, 3268, 273, 253, 3672, 762, 253, 39526, 84, 281, 22048, 253, 1055, 273, 253, 8131, 2105, 327, 253, 16069, 2380, 281, 253, 2105, 30129, 15, 401, 2591, 19325, 285, 1527, 14240, 5224, 941, 432, 28005, 367, 285, 322, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 14150, 2522, 6492, 253, 8876, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 313, 17, 15, 2504, 481, 1401, 69, 8200, 1401, 72, 424, 19974, 6128, 273, 253, 49956, 1318, 1511, 26144, 23586, 5094, 69, 5737, 390, 3779, 1482, 1511, 26144, 23586, 5094, 72, 5737, 281, 253, 32947, 10921, 390, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 15, 4410, 285, 4797, 9191, 5224, 253, 2380, 281, 32947, 10921, 285, 32947, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 9118, 1386, 6492, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 32947, 10921, 390, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 6742, 15, 38856, 2502, 285, 4797, 19325, 5224, 253, 2180, 281, 10173, 253, 14954, 2281, 347, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 32947, 10921, 390, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 15, 1401, 70, 8200, 1401, 73, 424, 30657, 14, 11215, 2961, 2425, 273, 253, 49956, 1318, 1511, 26144, 8512, 5094, 70, 5737, 390, 3779, 1482, 1511, 26144, 8512, 5094, 73, 5737, 281, 253, 32947, 10921, 390, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 15, 1401, 71, 8200, 1401, 74, 424, 380, 3268, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 5118, 432, 253, 49956, 1318, 1511, 26144, 8512, 5094, 71, 5737, 390, 3779, 1482, 1511, 26144, 8512, 5094, 74, 20883, 380, 14150, 22089, 5224, 253, 1129, 2458, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 5094, 71, 424, 470, 15, 2385, 28, 1401, 74, 424, 470, 15, 2950, 10, 187, 187, 7910, 5799, 25407, 273, 26144, 8512, 452, 3786, 644, 2529, 27, 49956, 1318, 285, 3779, 1482, 8512, 3951, 1311, 1619, 2947, 1311, 1717, 8562, 844, 1119, 1941, 275, 776, 26144, 23586, 3072, 273, 2380, 6127, 5185, 342, 1097, 25407, 15, 11740, 1511, 8512, 2692, 815, 45539, 14523, 281, 253, 247, 735, 422, 2329, 14, 81, 2066, 15374, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 20, 69, 13, 299, 1084, 1470, 20, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 24646, 13, 3779, 1482, 8512, 2692, 247, 815, 45539, 5743, 281, 253, 247, 735, 422, 15374, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 20, 72, 13, 288, 1084, 1470, 20, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 380, 1048, 21746, 275, 253, 20663, 2332, 310, 671, 28637, 285, 247, 735, 422, 28, 3103, 13, 352, 310, 1896, 326, 253, 767, 26144, 23586, 25407, 651, 921, 1027, 2380, 6127, 281, 253, 2105, 1617, 26638, 15, 1310, 26144, 8512, 1957, 247, 735, 422, 15374, 285, 2105, 275, 247, 2074, 5133, 13, 840, 1318, 8512, 943, 921, 6137, 2425, 281, 253, 20663, 30129, 1955, 281, 697, 247, 735, 6460, 15, 1623, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 3779, 1482, 8512, 943, 2572, 275, 2425, 281, 253, 20663, 30129, 984, 597, 671, 2572, 281, 28637, 15374, 15, 1723, 13, 32338, 6128, 273, 1097, 3510, 273, 8512, 497, 4577, 281, 253, 20663, 30129, 2429, 342, 253, 15884, 30129, 313, 9389, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 21940, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 3156, 285, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 45341, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1717, 323, 253, 1318, 285, 253, 575, 23763, 1482, 3510, 13, 2975, 582, 285, 253, 39526, 1783, 2692, 4577, 6128, 281, 253, 20663, 2429, 281, 253, 15884, 30129, 275, 1097, 25407, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 20, 71, 13, 891, 1084, 1470, 20, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 13334, 767, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 15960, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 3156, 285, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 361, 3680, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1717, 323, 253, 1318, 285, 253, 3779, 1482, 3510, 13, 2975, 481, 3308, 13, 8131, 2105, 3777, 2425, 275, 1097, 25407, 273, 26144, 8512, 15, 2053, 1543, 5224, 326, 2105, 1491, 310, 11742, 407, 26144, 8512, 275, 247, 36143, 1027, 1039, 281, 247, 735, 422, 15374, 15, 187, 187, 688, 253, 388, 7988, 256, 3649, 796, 4836, 13, 359, 13400, 247, 6726, 25618, 275, 247, 5110, 273, 15884, 7587, 281, 4503, 907, 253, 2323, 4142, 285, 253, 575, 250, 1034, 5912, 875, 2332, 3510, 15, 831, 19763, 2559, 253, 11649, 273, 13546, 10921, 390, 253, 2495, 273, 642, 10921, 275, 253, 15884, 1617, 15, 3813, 13, 253, 2169, 2425, 273, 26144, 8512, 285, 253, 30552, 8, 2559, 29581, 323, 253, 15884, 689, 253, 20663, 30129, 812, 320, 1955, 281, 253, 3064, 275, 253, 2495, 390, 11649, 875, 253, 2105, 2515, 15, 1723, 13, 359, 1119, 642, 2954, 875, 253, 1180, 273, 6726, 490, 8707, 285, 253, 3064, 275, 575, 4708, 84, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 22, 66, 13, 270, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 9471, 285, 359, 1119, 247, 2762, 5921, 875, 253, 1180, 273, 6726, 490, 8707, 285, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 22, 68, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 2536, 844, 671, 2429, 26144, 6128, 281, 253, 2105, 26638, 846, 490, 8707, 4632, 15, 846, 3451, 7587, 13, 533, 1119, 642, 3064, 275, 1097, 2105, 2515, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 22, 69, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 2536, 2053, 1543, 5224, 326, 253, 1180, 273, 6726, 490, 8707, 275, 253, 15884, 1617, 513, 417, 5513, 2057, 253, 2572, 275, 29581, 390, 253, 8655, 47658, 5743, 281, 253, 15884, 30129, 15, 187, 187, 25800, 833, 26144, 6128, 281, 10921, 30129, 407, 5087, 2105, 1712, 4538, 24, 94, 187, 48151, 187, 187, 510, 5950, 26144, 8512, 497, 1119, 281, 921, 815, 45539, 5743, 285, 14523, 281, 10921, 285, 642, 10921, 14, 22714, 272, 26638, 13, 2975, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 19, 1084, 1470, 19, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 10209, 13, 359, 7515, 1880, 841, 6128, 497, 27577, 407, 253, 2105, 3786, 23122, 15, 743, 1650, 273, 247, 8612, 23586, 285, 3072, 14, 11215, 2961, 8512, 30259, 4067, 5743, 281, 253, 416, 95, 10431, 95, 12, 30129, 685, 253, 416, 95, 7988, 95, 12, 30129, 403, 2011, 275, 575, 2841, 575, 60, 21, 66, 575, 395, 270, 13, 2975, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 7129, 575, 9, 9389, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 24, 15, 21, 1186, 6027, 1186, 740, 6006, 22, 11768, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1967, 481, 380, 3268, 273, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 369, 8994, 17, 15, 22, 13, 7809, 326, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 95, 10431, 95, 12, 30129, 369, 4067, 685, 281, 253, 416, 95, 7988, 95, 12, 30129, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 21, 68, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 13334, 767, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 21, 1186, 6027, 1186, 740, 6006, 21, 11768, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1967, 481, 2053, 1543, 5224, 326, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 10921, 14, 22714, 272, 30129, 275, 253, 20663, 1617, 310, 3012, 4067, 685, 275, 253, 15884, 1617, 15, 3813, 13, 776, 4342, 1804, 326, 253, 2762, 14, 51, 3246, 2625, 6607, 407, 26144, 8512, 310, 2559, 407, 253, 2105, 3786, 23122, 15, 1470, 15, 577, 37, 412, 6771, 23586, 6128, 281, 10921, 26638, 15, 1401, 66, 424, 743, 1650, 23586, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 12, 26638, 15, 380, 24147, 4038, 3470, 497, 5118, 432, 253, 2425, 273, 26144, 23586, 5950, 432, 28005, 367, 15, 380, 18010, 3104, 285, 20200, 5224, 24147, 4038, 285, 24147, 11795, 13, 2975, 15, 25056, 285, 14863, 9830, 5224, 2425, 275, 253, 1029, 14, 16736, 285, 1698, 14, 16736, 7587, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 9118, 1386, 6492, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 416, 12, 30129, 9759, 15, 380, 11978, 14, 30842, 2170, 6492, 253, 2180, 281, 10173, 253, 14954, 2281, 347, 253, 2380, 281, 253, 10921, 26638, 15, 1401, 67, 424, 30657, 14, 11215, 2961, 2425, 273, 253, 26144, 8512, 5950, 432, 28005, 367, 281, 253, 416, 12, 26638, 15, 380, 4891, 3104, 285, 575, 783, 17889, 3104, 1957, 1599, 285, 18555, 13, 2975, 15, 1401, 68, 424, 380, 3268, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 281, 22048, 253, 1055, 273, 253, 5087, 2105, 327, 253, 16069, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 12, 26638, 15, 401, 2591, 19325, 285, 1527, 14240, 5224, 941, 432, 28005, 367, 285, 322, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 14150, 2522, 6492, 253, 8876, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 313, 17, 15, 3357, 481, 1401, 69, 424, 329, 8612, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 15, 6115, 285, 28422, 9830, 5224, 1029, 14, 16736, 285, 1698, 14, 16736, 7587, 13, 2975, 15, 380, 9118, 1386, 6492, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 416, 2106, 30129, 9759, 15, 1401, 70, 424, 30657, 14, 11215, 2961, 2425, 273, 253, 26144, 8512, 5950, 432, 28005, 367, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 15, 1401, 71, 424, 380, 3268, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 84, 281, 22048, 253, 1055, 273, 253, 5087, 2105, 327, 253, 16069, 2380, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 15, 380, 14150, 2522, 6492, 253, 8876, 273, 253, 7331, 51, 3231, 313, 17, 15, 1235, 10, 187, 187, 510, 26144, 8512, 671, 2692, 815, 45539, 14523, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 21, 69, 13, 299, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 1723, 13, 253, 6128, 273, 253, 26144, 8512, 281, 253, 416, 2106, 26638, 858, 417, 921, 247, 1534, 3064, 347, 247, 1159, 273, 2105, 23122, 313, 9389, 14, 29551, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 28, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 1099, 13, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1967, 582, 285, 253, 39526, 1783, 858, 417, 10313, 667, 1941, 323, 247, 8492, 275, 253, 2380, 3268, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 21, 71, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 13334, 48824, 434, 6704, 14, 14714, 1071, 13, 475, 49, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 1671, 28, 475, 79, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 1967, 481, 3308, 13, 253, 5087, 2105, 369, 417, 11392, 275, 253, 4016, 14, 51, 3246, 2625, 32112, 407, 253, 1327, 250, 1034, 14, 22714, 272, 26638, 15, 831, 778, 320, 4269, 407, 247, 5254, 1055, 27, 253, 17046, 2425, 273, 253, 26144, 23586, 310, 1698, 313, 16576, 608, 1186, 8161, 558, 285, 17912, 627, 778, 417, 320, 247, 4209, 7870, 2491, 281, 18212, 22573, 667, 824, 3064, 275, 2105, 49976, 323, 253, 4016, 47741, 2380, 313, 1470, 15, 575, 60, 21, 69, 13, 299, 1084, 1470, 21, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 187, 187, 1231, 671, 6730, 253, 1055, 273, 253, 5087, 2105, 327, 253, 10921, 26638, 323, 253, 1318, 285, 3779, 1482, 1511, 26144, 8512, 11794, 13, 533, 1097, 3510, 273, 26144, 8512, 2692, 2074, 2380, 3102, 313, 9227, 2667, 15, 575, 60, 23, 66, 283, 73, 1084, 13270, 18, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 8236, 2536, 3813, 13, 253, 5087, 2105, 46955, 247 ]

significant activation to the LC cue while showing no significant suppression to HC cues (Supplementary Fig. [4c, d](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). These results suggest that dopamine neurons code and integrate information about both reward and cost at the time of cost cue presentation.Fig. 3Dopamine neuron responses to cost cues. **a** A representative dopamine neuron response to the cost cues. The spike density functions were calculated from the normalized activity of a dopamine neuron recorded from the monkey P. The colored lines indicate the spike density functions and colored dots indicate the spike timing. Green and purple colors indicate activity in the high-cost and low-cost trials, respectively. The vertical line indicates the timing of the cost cue presentation. The gray-colored area indicates the period to calculate the firing rate as the response to the condition cues. **b** Population-averaged activity of the dopamine neurons recorded from monkey P to the condition cues. The solid lines the dashed lines represent mean and SEM, respectively. **c** The distribution of the areas under the ROCs to quantify the effect of the predicted cost on the neuronal response to the cost cue. Filled squares and open circles indicate data from monkey P and S, respectively. The arrowhead indicates the median of the auROC (0.47). **d**, **g** Representative responses of the motivational value type dopamine neuron (**d**) or salience type dopamine neuron (**g**) to the unpredictable reward or air-puff. Red and blue curves indicate the response to unpredictable reward and unpredictable air-puff, respectively. The vertical line indicates the timing of the unpredictable reward or air-puff delivery. Pale red and blue squares indicate the period to calculate the firing rate as the response to the unpredictable reward or air-puff. **e**, **h** Population-averaged activity of the motivational value type dopamine neurons (**e**) or salience type dopamine neurons (**h**) to the unpredictable reward or air-puff. **f**, **i** The distribution of the auROCs calculated from the motivational value type dopamine neurons (**f**) or salience type dopamine neurons (**i**). The arrowheads indicate the medians of the auROCs (**f** 0.48; **i** 0.46) Two distinct subtypes of dopamine neurons have previously been described: motivational value and salience neurons^[@CR28],[@CR29]^. We found evidence in our dopamine neuron population of response patterns consistent with both subtypes. Value type neurons showed phasic suppression to the aversive air-puff stimuli (Fig. [3d, e](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}). Conversely, salience neurons showed a phasic activation to the aversive stimuli (Fig. [3g, h](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}). The long fixation in the HC trial is also unpleasant and aversive; therefore, it is possible that the two dopamine neuron subtypes would show different response patterns to the cost condition cues. If dopamine neurons represent aversive stimuli and cost in a similar manner, then value neurons should show decreased activity to the HC cue due to its aversiveness. On the other hand, salience neurons should increase in activity to the HC cue because they also increase to unpleasant stimuli. However, evoked responses of both types of neurons were smaller to the HC cue compared with the LC cue (two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; *P* = 0.021, *n* = 41 and *P* = 0.0044, *n* = 29 for the value and the salience types, respectively), and the ROC analysis showed smaller responses to the HC compared to the LC cue in both subtypes (Fig. [3f, i](#Fig3){ref-type="fig"}; two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; *P* = 0.030, *n* = 41 and *P* = 0.0058, *n* = 29 for the value and the salience types, respectively). Thus, predicted cost reduced activity in both subtypes of dopamine neurons. These results indicate that cost information is processed by dopamine neurons in a qualitatively different way to aversive stimuli. In the HLC saccade task, we inserted a forced abort in a portion of LC trials to equalize the success rates and the reward probability between trial types. This manipulation increased the uncertainty of obtaining reward or the risk of no reward in the LC condition. Therefore, the higher activity of dopamine neurons and the monkeys' increased valuation for the LC over the HC cue could be due to the difference in the risk or uncertainty between the cost conditions. However, we found no relationship between the number of forced aborts and the difference in RTs (Supplementary Fig. [5a, b](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}), and we found a positive correlation between the number of forced aborts and the auROC (Supplementary Fig. [5c](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). We also compared dopamine responses to the cost cues after aborts vs. after correct trials, but found no difference in both cost conditions (Supplementary Fig. [5d](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). These results indicate that the number of forced aborts in the LC condition do not explain either the increase in valuation or the enhanced dopaminergic activation to the LC cue. Increased dopamine responses to reward cue by paid cost {#Sec7} ------------------------------------------------------- The recorded dopamine neurons were found to show phasic activation and suppression to reward and no reward-predicting cues, respectively (Fig. [2](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). Next, we assessed whether these responses were modulated by the cost previously incurred. An example of a representative neuron and population-averaged neurons exhibiting larger activation to the R~HC~+ cue than the R~LC~+ cue are shown in Figure [4a and b, respectively](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}. (two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; *P* = 7.4 × 10^−5^, *n* = 70). The distribution of auROCs was \>0.5, indicating that the response to the R~HC~+ cue was larger than to the R~LC~+ cue (Fig. [4c](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}; two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; *P* = 1.4 × 10^−4^, *n* = 70). These results indicate that the response to the reward-predicting cue in the HC condition is significantly larger than in the LC condition. Therefore, our findings suggest that the positive-RPE signal represented by dopamine neurons is increased by the cost previously incurred.Fig. 4Dopamine neuron responses to reward cues. **a** An example neuron response to the R+ cues. The spike density functions were calculated from the activity of dopamine neuron recorded from monkey P. The colored lines and dots indicate spike density and spike timing, respectively. Yellow and pink colors indicate activity in the high-cost and low-cost trials, respectively. The vertical line indicates the timing of the R+ cue presentation. The gray-colored area indicates the period to calculate the firing rate as the response to the reward cues. **b** Population-averaged activity of the dopamine neurons recorded from monkey P to the R+ cues. The solid lines and the dashed lines represent mean and SEM, respectively. **c** The distribution of the auROCs to quantify the effect of the paid cost on the neuronal response to the R+ cues. Filled squares and open circles indicate data from monkey P and S, respectively. The arrowhead indicates the median of the auROCs (0.53). **d** A representative response to the R− cues. Green and cyan colors indicate high-cost and low-cost trials, respectively. The vertical line indicates the timing of the R− cue presentation. **e** Population-averaged activity of the dopamine neurons recorded from monkey P to the R− cues. **f** The distribution of the auROCs to quantify the effect of the paid cost on the neuronal response to the R− cues. The arrowhead indicates the median of the auROC (0.50) The dopamine neurons also showed phasic suppression to the R− cues (Fig. [4d, e](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}). However, the responses of the dopamine neurons to the R− cues did not show a significant difference as a function of cost incurred (two-tailed Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; *P* = 0.25, *n* = 70), and the ROC analysis did not reveal any evidence for a bias in the response distribution (Fig. [4f](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}; Wilcoxon's signed-rank test, *P* = 0.35; *n* = 70). Thus, the paid cost was not reflected in the negative-RPE signal elicited by the nonreward-predicting cues. This may be caused by a floor effect: the spontaneous activity of the dopamine neuron is low (around 5 Hz); and consequently there may not be a sufficient dynamic range to adequately encode any such difference in cost expended for the negative RPE response (Fig. [4d, e](#Fig4){ref-type="fig"}). We also examined the effect of the paid cost on the reward cues for the value and salience type dopamine neurons separately, but both types of dopamine neurons showed similar response pattern (Supplementary Fig. [6a--h](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). Therefore, the paid cost manifests a

[ 1364, 320, 3963, 1025, 281, 320, 17285, 15, 844, 9186, 581, 1896, 1332, 273, 37820, 285, 921, 326, 253, 4081, 1332, 4245, 5899, 6318, 17823, 1543, 2464, 187, 12025, 27, 187, 14, 686, 25508, 273, 17709, 285, 45979, 13, 2499, 273, 3684, 9756, 13, 12746, 13, 10011, 3285, 17391, 2464, 187, 14, 686, 4257, 1342, 18196, 273, 27456, 11709, 13, 38303, 2499, 13, 309, 394, 20240, 13, 10310, 1638, 35866, 2464, 187, 14, 686, 52, 1830, 4576, 13, 29482, 2325, 343, 307, 577, 13, 5910, 13144, 11835, 16300, 13, 9972, 2464, 187, 7582, 27, 187, 14, 686, 36, 15, 44, 15, 18940, 8, 187, 14, 686, 47314, 1253, 9499, 1947, 49573, 8, 187, 14, 686, 1779, 543, 1253, 14594, 48012, 8, 187, 5564, 27, 686, 19174, 327, 773, 34, 747, 5919, 1332, 323, 18899, 43939, 14120, 970, 3470, 534, 403, 417, 6278, 40369, 39919, 37820, 285, 22861, 8, 187, 1532, 187, 187, 24881, 13, 275, 247, 4857, 275, 436, 6698, 1008, 4061, 1092, 8229, 1757, 4123, 285, 11437, 223, 1950, 9124, 1441, 313, 4061, 10, 4081, 247, 1332, 281, 10173, 20452, 14120, 970, 1327, 14, 18858, 66, 459, 14, 13897, 494, 3470, 15, 380, 1332, 273, 10011, 310, 2007, 31612, 275, 247, 4385, 407, 12174, 74, 6836, 285, 11957, 313, 6217, 10, 1008, 6217, 1570, 380, 4096, 273, 776, 1246, 4385, 310, 281, 2007, 1127, 562, 326, 275, 247, 7654, 3282, 13, 253, 10011, 1332, 323, 253, 20452, 14120, 476, 906, 275, 247, 4313, 273, 767, 34249, 13483, 13, 594, 326, 1223, 436, 4313, 778, 3464, 6486, 275, 247, 8542, 10704, 10272, 13, 247, 37820, 5199, 310, 3058, 281, 15249, 253, 6486, 906, 15, 844, 452, 6730, 581, 824, 1896, 37820, 5199, 285, 1160, 3057, 875, 253, 10011, 1332, 285, 5899, 6318, 17823, 313, 50, 46, 10, 1543, 15, 187, 187, 35, 3624, 314, 13, 253, 10011, 1332, 17730, 253, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 20452, 5150, 347, 247, 36833, 8967, 5150, 342, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 347, 253, 4764, 13, 34027, 41, 64, 17, 428, 444, 64, 17, 10, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 313, 38, 64, 79, 13, 89, 10, 426, 313, 38, 64, 79, 428, 393, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 10, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 313, 89, 582, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 11717, 2138, 835, 3318, 41, 64, 17, 30, 10042, 1124, 92, 69, 63, 19, 1217, 9665, 63, 19, 94, 559, 55, 64, 17, 11227, 285, 1764, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 393, 8275, 657, 64, 18, 393, 4144, 578, 79, 14, 18, 94, 428, 393, 2204, 578, 74, 30, 18, 1990, 79, 14, 18, 94, 444, 64, 74, 187, 61, 4144, 578, 79, 14, 74, 7165, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 1545, 55, 2138, 3856, 359, 452, 6777, 281, 9569, 669, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 5, 347, 253, 3576, 20452, 275, 253, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 5150, 15, 1198, 370, 79, 30, 18, 1366, 253, 2020, 275, 416, 15, 41, 15, 52, 15, 575, 1171, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 1545, 55, 3851, 27309, 285, 669, 3582, 187, 55, 64, 18, 5, 310, 253, 1072, 347, 253, 1524, 20452, 370, 55, 64, 18, 1352, 844, 671, 5283, 253, 5008, 326, 512, 253, 5149, 20619, 403, 3520, 5734, 253, 10096, 327, 253, 4764, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 310, 11120, 8653, 15, 1198, 436, 830, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 9014, 253, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 5150, 310, 2074, 275, 830, 281, 253, 806, 1340, 5150, 15, 669, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 5, 310, 247, 1929, 1159, 1580, 512, 2406, 1340, 13483, 403, 8025, 1929, 15, 496, 5899, 1165, 46, 20452, 3762, 13, 581, 1669, 18878, 447, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 3851, 342, 253, 1182, 254, 837, 1340, 5149, 1159, 669, 4144, 64, 17, 1352, 6166, 253, 7312, 21539, 2515, 13, 1764, 4841, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 3577, 4144, 64, 17, 393, 3799, 426, 337, 393, 9315, 393, 18452, 92, 395, 94, 393, 9315, 187, 61, 4841, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 3577, 4144, 64, 74, 393, 3799, 426, 470, 393, 3362, 393, 14570, 891, 393, 9540, 470, 13, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 12850, 2138, 581, 761, 12239, 253, 2629, 1165, 46, 906, 3318, 38, 64, 79, 426, 393, 4841, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 14766, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 93, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 393, 3799, 187, 30, 50276, 61, 4841, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 1040, 55, 64, 18, 93, 393, 4144, 578, 79, 14, 18, 94, 393, 3799, 4700, 7243, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 310, 9113, 2797, 13, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 38, 64, 79, 13, 1269, 1009, 310, 2797, 407, 16161, 253, 9826, 8967, 5150, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 8001, 187, 187, 4061, 12661, 326, 3185, 273, 13546, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 275, 253, 2629, 1039, 806, 13, 581, 26574, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 3851, 347, 247, 36833, 9826, 8967, 5150, 342, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 247, 4764, 13, 285, 564, 327, 281, 921, 326, 3318, 38, 64, 79, 426, 44086, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 17, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1572, 1189, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 313, 18, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 10, 428, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 313, 17, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 3117, 393, 8275, 187, 10241, 393, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 17, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1572, 1189, 401, 9, 89, 64, 17, 22058, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 18920, 2138, 835, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 310, 247, 1127, 824, 326, 253, 7548, 2515, 1764, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 38, 64, 79, 13, 89, 64, 17, 10, 426, 470, 13, 393, 9315, 295, 426, 470, 13, 18, 13, 393, 6768, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 12847, 2138, 403, 1313, 323, 253, 12057, 267, 14120, 370, 38, 64, 79, 1352, 3932, 6747, 470, 4543, 337, 310, 253, 3309, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 2341, 10618, 370, 38, 64, 79, 1366, 253, 3470, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 17, 13, 1269, 1009, 285, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 18, 13, 1269, 1009, 403, 275, 2087, 3921, 1439, 4622, 6278, 40369, 285, 7613, 253, 1416, 323, 253, 1332, 15, 187, 187, 7542, 253, 3216, 1375, 5149, 1159, 27309, 760, 387, 253, 990, 2792, 273, 253, 7548, 5180, 18, 62, 285, 253, 42645, 2792, 273, 253, 5149, 3470, 273, 253, 9049, 3054, 5333, 2220, 8577, 327, 253, 20452, 13, 253, 3921, 7483, 4622, 4327, 323, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 5185, 342, 253, 7548, 2515, 3891, 12847, 3851, 310, 370, 89, 64, 17, 2029, 3259, 1352, 496, 247, 8542, 10704, 10272, 13, 534, 310, 1900, 4824, 562, 275, 875, 6486, 13794, 13, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 310, 7922, 271, 29607, 1781, 533, 6486, 1318, 15, 1292, 347, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 7274, 23579, 13, 1097, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 17, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1009, 285, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 18, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1009, 11711, 463, 13, 285, 247, 37820, 1232, 310, 3058, 281, 1056, 3282, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 18920, 8001, 187, 187, 688, 253, 830, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 11717, 9014, 3192, 715, 2395, 273, 253, 5750, 273, 697, 14259, 275, 830, 281, 253, 806, 1340, 5150, 13, 669, 4144, 64, 79, 1035, 1637, 13, 1269, 1009, 476, 4354, 320, 14042, 13, 1333, 13, 970, 253, 399, 13256, 1596, 80, 1253, 47228, 1332, 1008, 6721, 62, 390, 32643, 20452, 1332, 1008, 2446, 28, 1214, 37675, 62, 281, 4044, 13, 1764, 4144, 64, 79, 1035, 1637, 13, 89, 10, 426, 428, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 9, 89, 10, 393, 565, 64, 67, 63, 89, 17713, 4615, 551, 18, 61, 1189, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 90, 3117, 187, 61, 565, 64, 66, 63, 90, 33425, 187, 4615, 1035, 1637, 428, 393, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 10, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 91, 10, 1157, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 18989, 2138, 835, 370, 66, 5, 285, 370, 67, 5, 403, 4569, 14637, 281, 10517, 253, 7548, 2515, 13, 275, 4345, 342, 253, 1543, 273, 9942, 15, 187, 187, 4509, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 18989, 9014, 581, 761, 12239, 253, 10898, 3470, 370, 39, 9, 89, 1009, 313, 28821, 347, 6354, 15, 575, 9, 1010, 10, 275, 7567, 15, 575, 683, 6217, 3291, 3318, 39, 9, 89, 10, 426, 428, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 9, 89, 10, 187, 61, 565, 64, 67, 63, 89, 17713, 5095, 92, 18, 61, 1189, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 90, 3117, 393, 565, 64, 66, 63, 90, 33425, 5095, 55, 9, 91, 10, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 91, 11127, 20058, 342, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 18920, 9014, 581, 11403, 326, 253, 370, 79, 2911, 394, 1340, 20452, 2341, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 310, 1677, 407, 3318, 38, 64, 79, 426, 551, 43, 1035, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1572, 1189, 500, 9, 18, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 22058, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 3546, 2138, 835, 253, 5164, 370, 43, 9, 55, 13, 89, 1009, 310, 1677, 407, 3318, 43, 9, 55, 13, 89, 10, 393, 8275, 393, 565, 64, 17, 63, 89, 17713, 5095, 92, 18, 61, 1189, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 90, 3117, 393, 565, 64, 17, 63, 90, 33425, 5095, 55, 9, 91, 10, 187, 61, 4144, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 91, 481, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 43, 2138, 285, 253, 7548, 1617, 387, 253, 29959, 556, 644, 2668, 1557, 273, 20420, 15, 187, 187, 9301, 13, 359, 651, 751, 281, 1127, 562, 326, 387, 1878, 275, 253, 1650, 273, 253, 3216, 1375, 273, 253, 370, 89, 63, 21, 5, 271, 38474, 27957, 13, 253, 7466, 273, 370, 38, 64, 79, 5, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 3546, 3851, 476, 320, 2853, 14, 7769, 984, 1097, 253, 4520, 1080, 285, 253, 12619, 11711, 463, 347, 370, 89, 64, 17, 393, 936, 61, 3259, 1352, 831, 476, 320, 4354, 2326, 407, 16248, 253, 973, 14, 4304, 1543, 326, 669, 3582, 187, 55, 64, 79, 5, 310, 273, 14189, 830, 275, 253, 378, 3109, 1253, 45055, 1008, 42230, 62, 370, 89, 63, 21, 5, 271, 38474, 27957, 285, 253, 1599, 1318, 10012, 15, 187, 187, 4509, 253, 830, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 43, 9014, 581, 1057, 3921, 1439, 4622, 1902, 3921, 66, 30400, 4622, 326, 275, 253, 2701, 370, 89, 64, 17, 393, 936, 393, 3259, 1366, 253, 4313, 370, 43, 1035, 3582, 657, 64, 79, 13, 1269, 64, 17, 1933, 43, 9, 18, 13, 187, 89, 64, 17, 1009, 4916, 6486, 285, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 3907, 1014, 2167, 27184, 436, 3249, 562, 281, 320, 594, 15, 7757, 281, 1056, 3282, 562, 273, 24118, 15, 575, 7748, 3546, 3851, 285, 3891, 43, 9014, 247, 37820, 5199, 310, 275, 1340, 15, 2596, 476, 15249, 253, 10704, 906, 2797, 407, 34018, 271, 29607, 1781, 533, 6486, 1318, 281, 370, 89, 64, 17, 5, 760, 846, 253, 906, 310, 3963, 1025, 285, 253, 2701, 310, 11464, 281, 2226, 15, 187, 187, 510, 37820, 5199, 1146, 4081, 1060, 310, 2074, 281, 253, 581, 359, 3786, 908, 275, 253, 6880, 273, 32643, 20452, 3762, 281, 9049, 3033, 3054, 275, 581, 7877, 407, 20420, 12480, 275, 253, 14972, 1375, 1008, 1231, 1570, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 1182, 254, 837, 1340, 2900, 313, 328, 8292, 16193, 1375, 582, 3185, 273, 970, 253, 6278, 40369, 9216, 3409, 5149, 1159, 669, 4144, 64, 17, 1366, 359, 476, 5878, 275, 253, 1327, 14, 15044, 14, 13897, 494, 14972, 1375, 669, 4635, 64, 17, 5, 407, 13947, 1764, 8616, 64, 17, 9, 89, 10, 393, 8275, 393, 4144, 64, 17, 9, 89, 10, 559, 891, 61, 2592, 61, 4635, 64, 17, 9, 89, 16489, 1764, 2859, 9, 89, 10, 393, 8275, 393, 8616, 64, 17, 63, 19, 9, 89, 481, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 2859, 2138, 285, 3318, 43, 2253, 2592, 60, 52, 62, 393, 8275, 393, 565, 64, 17, 2850, 3259, 17713, 5095, 92, 18, 61, 1189, 61, 2859, 9, 90, 3117, 393, 565, 64, 17, 63, 90, 33425, 5095, 187, 61, 2859, 9, 91, 10, 187, 52, 9, 91, 11127, 187, 187, 8497, 326, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 2859, 9014, 669, 2859, 9, 89, 1009, 310, 253, 9826, 6278, 273, 669, 8616, 64, 17, 9, 89, 4244, 417, 17334, 8616, 64, 17, 9, 89, 33923, 19, 1352, 2635, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 3546, 3851, 476, 320, 35993, 327 ]

must be regularized to be justified. We examine one possible method of regularization and show that the proposed method gives traditional quantum mechanics results.' address: - 'Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.' - 'Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.' - 'SISSA, Via Beirut 4, 34013 Trieste, Italy.' author: - 'C.K. Au' - 'Chi–Keung Chow' - 'Chong–Sun Chu' title: 'Comment on “A new efficient method for calculating perturbative energies using functions which are not square integrable”: regularization and justification' --- Recently, in a letter in this journal [@SC], Skála and Čížek (SC) proposed a method to calculate perturbation energies using non-sqaure-integrable functions. The method of SC is further augmented in a comment by Guardiola and Ros (GR) [@GR]. The purpose of our present comment is to further point out that in a strict sense, the SC method for the perturbation energies can result in a ratio of two divergent quantities, so that while this ratio may remain finite in a practical numerical calculation, a regularization procedure is needed to justify the finite result. We have examined one such possible regularization procedure and made contact between the SC method and traditional quantum mechanics (QM) results. Briefly, the SC method regards the $n$-th order perturbation equation as a parametric differential equation with $E_n$ as the parameter, $$(H_0 - E_0) \psi_n (E_n,x) = (E_n - \tilde V_n) \psi_0 (x), \label{master}$$ where $$H_0= -\frac{d^2}{dx^2} +V_0,$$ and $$\tilde V_n \psi_0 \equiv V_1 \psi_{n-1} - \sum_{i=1}^{n-1} E_i \psi_{n-i}. \label{defV}$$ Here we have chosen to introduce $\tilde V_n$ as the effective perturbation in the $n$-th order equation. For $n=1$, the sum in R.H.S. of Eq. (\[defV\]) vanishes and $\tilde V_1$ is the same as the real perturbation $V_1$. We also adopt the convention that all the wavefunctions are physical unless the dependence on the parameter $E_n$ is explicitly displayed. For this form of Eq. (\[master\]), the $n$-th order equation is similar in form to the first order equation. $\tilde V_n$ is a known function since all lower order quantities are assumed known. In traditional QM perturbation theory, one left multiplies Eq. (\[master\]) with the zeroth order wave function $\psi_0$. Under the usual normalization conditions, $$\langle \psi_0|\psi_0 \rangle = 1 \qquad \hbox{and} \qquad \langle \psi_0|\psi_i \rangle = 0 \quad \forall i \neq 0, \label{norm}$$ one recovers the standard QM result $$E_n = \langle \psi_0 |\tilde V_n| \psi_0 \rangle = \langle \psi_0 |V_1| \psi_{n-1} \rangle.$$ Once $E_n$ is correctly obtained, $\psi_n(E_n, x)$ is obtained by solving the ordinary differential equation in Eq. (\[master\]). SC propose that instead of obtaining $E_n$ in the standard way first, one treats Eq. (\[master\]) as a parametric ordinary differential equation with $E_n$ a parameter, and go on to show that $$E_n = {- \psi_n(0, x_0)\over \psi_n (1, x_0) - \psi_n (0, x_0)} \equiv {- \psi_n(0, x_0)\over F(x_0)}, \label{para}$$ where $x_0$ is a point such that the boundary conditions $$\psi_n(E_n,x_0) = 0, \qquad n = 0,1, \dots \label{bc}$$ are met for the physicsal energies $E_n$. Since neither 0 nor 1 is the necessary $n$-th order energy correction $E_n$, the functions $\psi_n(0, x)$ and $\psi_n(1, x)$ are in general [*not*]{} square integrable and hence the name for the method. Since the ground state wave function vanishes only at the end points of the boundary[^1] and the nodal points of the wave functions of the excited states shift upon turning on the perturbation, the [*only*]{} choice for $x_0$ consistent with the boundary conditions (\[bc\]) is $x_0=\infty$. In a practical numerical calculation, which is always carried out in between finite ranges, $x_0$ is assigned an arbitrarily large but finite value. But as $x_0$ approaches infinity, both $\psi_n(0, x_0)$ and $\psi_n(1, x_0)$ diverge, and a regularization process is needed to make sense of Eq. (\[para\]). In the form of Eq. (\[master\]), taking into account of the advantage of its similarity in form to the first order equation, $\psi_n(\alpha, x)$ can easily be solved, say, using the Dalgarno–Lewis method [@DL] or logarithmic perturbation method [@AA; @Tu] to obtain, $$\psi_n(\alpha,x) = - \psi_0(x) \int_b^x dy\, {1\over \psi_0^2(y)} \int_a^y dz \,(\alpha - \tilde V_n) \psi_0^2(z) , \label{sol}$$ where $a$ and $b$ are appropriate constants to satisfy the boundary conditions, in agreement with the results of GR. From Eq. (\[sol\]), one recovers the universal functions $F(x)$ (given as Eq. (15) in Ref. [@GR]) $$F(x) = - \psi_0(x) \int_b^x dy \,{1\over \psi_0^2(y)} \int_a^y dz \,V(z) \psi_0^2(z).$$ Together with Eq. (\[para\]), one sees that the $n$-th order perturbation energy $E_n$ is given by $$E_n = {J(\tilde V_n, x_0)\over J(1, x_0)}, \label{En}$$ where the functional $J(V,x)$ is given by $$J(V,x) \equiv \int_0^x dy \,{1\over \psi_0^2(y)} \int_0^y dz \,V(z) \psi_0^2(z). \label{J}$$ and the boundary condition at the endpoints has been taken care of appropriately. Next, we would like to point out that at least in the example of the ground state of the $x^4$ anharmonic oscillator, the expansion of $E_n$ in Eq. (\[En\]) can be ill-defined because both the numerator and the denominator diverge as $x_0 \to\infty$. This can be easily seen by combining the well-known results that $\tilde V_n$ is of polynomial form in the Bender–Wu [@BW] $x^4$ anharmonic oscillator and the mean value theorem. From the form of Eq. (\[J\]), one does [*not*]{} expect [*a priori*]{} that in the limit $x_0 \to \infty$, the ratio $J(\tilde V_n, x_0)/J(1, x_0)$ becomes finite and $x_0$ independent even though numerically this comes out to be so. Hence to make sense out of Eqs. (\[En\]) and (\[J\]), a regularization procedure is in order. One can justify the numerical result obtained by assigning an arbitrarily large but finite value to $x_0$ only after the result is regularized and the limit is proven to exist. The regularization procedure being proposed here is similar to the one we previously used in the extension of logarithmic perturbation theory to excited bound states in one dimension by appropriately mixing in the ghost state [@We]. For the zeroth order solution (unperturbed state), instead of using the square integrable eigenstate wave function $\psi_0$, we can mix in the non-square-integrable ghost state $\chi_0$ by defining $$\Psi_0(x) \equiv \psi_0(x) + i\sigma\chi_0(x),$$ $$\rho(x) \equiv \Psi_0^2(x). \label{rho}$$ and $$J_\sigma[S] \equiv \int_0^\infty dy \,{1\over\rho(y)} \int_0^y dz \, \rho(z) S(z).$$ Note that in Eq. (\[rho\]), $\rho(x)$ is the ordinary square of $\Psi_0(x)$, not $|\Psi_0(x)|^2$. Then Eq. (\[En\]) can be rewritten on

[ 512, 253, 14429, 275, 247, 2491, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 6678, 6909, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 733, 8078, 273, 3280, 28823, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 806, 743, 28823, 281, 253, 806, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 1390, 743, 28823, 2469, 253, 1390, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 733, 31, 187, 50274, 4353, 6909, 9, 1147, 806, 13, 733, 1390, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 1542, 9, 28, 806, 3613, 1390, 28, 12996, 7053, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 26316, 9672, 7053, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2903, 525, 84, 253, 1677, 4445, 281, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 329, 747, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 4445, 310, 3562, 285, 31260, 342, 253, 187, 50273, 11, 7125, 2530, 313, 783, 4445, 1364, 452, 247, 1463, 16757, 390, 320, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 19737, 1511, 481, 2635, 253, 4445, 310, 7922, 281, 253, 1677, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 390, 281, 9212, 247, 4445, 281, 271, 10726, 187, 50273, 11, 326, 2168, 21186, 352, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 390, 604, 253, 10726, 2168, 21186, 271, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 187, 50273, 11, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 2794, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 1780, 5943, 36975, 273, 7125, 281, 897, 281, 3989, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 13059, 32032, 281, 897, 281, 26641, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 2309, 329, 3806, 281, 253, 9841, 3562, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 1051, 1780, 5943, 31, 187, 50274, 16366, 881, 9, 15149, 10, 802, 5070, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 13, 1780, 5943, 3857, 1051, 13059, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 7210, 9, 21294, 4027, 187, 50270, 2309, 21684, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 358, 5070, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 6268, 1450, 10495, 29, 16523, 8743, 8854, 41605, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2903, 525, 84, 1016, 10726, 275, 247, 2491, 253, 1677, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 6678, 802, 5070, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 2794, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 733, 8078, 273, 3280, 28823, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 806, 743, 28823, 281, 253, 806, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 1390, 743, 28823, 2469, 253, 1390, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 1318, 743, 4227, 273, 253, 4445, 281, 9212, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 733, 31, 187, 50274, 4353, 5669, 9, 1147, 806, 13, 733, 1390, 13, 1030, 27740, 708, 2877, 426, 551, 2311, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 8400, 1450, 455, 64, 1171, 9, 7053, 13, 1390, 13, 544, 2520, 880, 3474, 6753, 10726, 10, 551, 1091, 3588, 9, 21294, 558, 748, 4027, 187, 50270, 515, 459, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 14447, 9672, 2520, 13, 806, 13, 1390, 13, 1318, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2903, 525, 84, 1016, 10726, 275, 247, 2491, 253, 1677, 4295, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 6678, 802, 5070, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 2794, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 444, 1147, 8078, 273, 3280, 28823, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 330, 1147, 8078, 273, 3280, 28823, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 806, 743, 28823, 281, 253, 806, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 1390, 743, 28823, 2469, 253, 1390, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 14429, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 432, 743, 28823, 281, 253, 806, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 4295, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 281, 743, 28823, 2469, 253, 1390, 3284, 273, 253, 2491, 273, 4295, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 444, 1147, 13, 7919, 330, 1147, 31, 187, 50274, 4353, 5669, 9, 38, 1147, 806, 13, 444, 1147, 1390, 13, 330, 1147, 432, 13, 330, 1147, 281, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 4659, 64, 8271, 9, 8400, 1450, 261, 64, 17439, 917, 64, 87, 29, 12118, 13, 7919, 6268, 1450, 17828, 64, 32172, 29, 36, 1147, 14157, 2877, 64, 881, 9983, 346, 19504, 1318, 1511, 3287, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 8400, 1450, 455, 64, 1171, 9, 7053, 13, 1390, 13, 544, 2520, 880, 3474, 6753, 10726, 10, 551, 1091, 3588, 9, 21294, 558, 748, 4027, 187, 50270, 515, 459, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 14447, 9672, 2520, 13, 806, 13, 1390, 13, 432, 13, 281, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2903, 525, 84, 390, 36287, 253, 1677, 4445, 323, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 8721, 22809, 281, 253, 1563, 36408, 313, 39176, 406, 853, 2262, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3211, 32901, 14161, 94, 187, 50273, 11, 6753, 708, 15658, 426, 23595, 15, 7110, 29, 12118, 8743, 21294, 10, 3736, 23595, 15, 13481, 29, 12118, 8743, 21294, 13, 13059, 19552, 1163, 23595, 15, 358, 5070, 29, 12118, 8743, 21294, 13, 13059, 1051, 558, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 423, 3211, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 25585, 254, 436, 1159, 8791, 984, 352, 556, 5777, 1805, 3045, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 9212, 390, 8171, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 1780, 5943, 36975, 273, 7125, 281, 897, 281, 3989, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 13059, 32032, 281, 897, 281, 26641, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 2309, 329, 3806, 281, 253, 9841, 3562, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 1051, 1780, 5943, 31, 187, 50274, 16366, 881, 9, 15149, 10, 802, 5070, 64, 263, 64, 13481, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 13, 1780, 5943, 3857, 1051, 13059, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 7210, 9, 21294, 4027, 187, 50270, 15149, 708, 7693, 1062, 426, 21684, 29, 12118, 18257, 535, 50270, 2309, 260, 10730, 15, 24634, 9, 21294, 10, 187, 50262, 32, 260, 10730, 15, 13481, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 27740, 92, 8400, 1450, 10495, 29, 16523, 8743, 8854, 41605, 2311, 187, 50262, 27, 260, 10730, 15, 358, 5070, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 6268, 1450, 10495, 29, 16523, 8743, 8854, 41605, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 2790, 2706, 253, 1677, 4445, 323, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 380, 11118, 273, 253, 3470, 943, 320, 6425, 281, 253, 1563, 27, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3211, 32901, 14161, 94, 187, 50273, 11, 2991, 9, 12118, 708, 558, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 423, 3211, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 9939, 187, 50273, 11, 45598, 3510, 6403, 626, 11120, 8164, 4215, 285, 3103, 597, 403, 1620, 187, 50273, 11, 4895, 15, 1723, 13, 436, 1159, 476, 320, 908, 281, 9632, 271, 5731, 2625, 187, 50273, 11, 323, 731, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 390, 281, 12097, 247, 4445, 273, 271, 10726, 187, 50273, 11, 326, 2506, 626, 1211, 352, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 390, 604, 253, 10726, 2506, 626, 1211, 271, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 187, 50273, 11, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 12097, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 401, 7157, 36975, 273, 253, 1159, 5113, 281, 22073, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 11632, 33937, 1159, 5113, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 2309, 329, 3806, 281, 253, 869, 2147, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 1051, 401, 7157, 31, 187, 50274, 16366, 881, 9, 15149, 10, 12097, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 13, 401, 7157, 3857, 1051, 11632, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 7210, 9, 21294, 4027, 187, 50270, 2309, 21684, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 20559, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 6268, 1450, 10495, 29, 19774, 8743, 4997, 41605, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 1720, 30345, 253, 1677, 4445, 323, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 329, 747, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 4445, 310, 3562, 285, 31260, 342, 253, 187, 50273, 11, 7125, 2530, 313, 783, 4445, 1364, 452, 247, 1463, 16757, 390, 320, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 19737, 1511, 481, 2635, 253, 4445, 310, 7922, 281, 253, 1677, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 390, 281, 8171, 247, 4445, 273, 271, 187, 50273, 11, 10726, 326, 2506, 626, 1211, 352, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 390, 604, 253, 10726, 2506, 626, 1211, 271, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 187, 50273, 11, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 8078, 273, 4445, 281, 8171, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 1780, 5943, 36975, 273, 7125, 281, 897, 281, 3989, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 13059, 32032, 281, 897, 281, 26641, 253, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 2309, 329, 3806, 281, 253, 4445, 1146, 7932, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 27740, 13, 7919, 1051, 1780, 5943, 31, 187, 50274, 16366, 881, 9, 15149, 10, 8171, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 13, 1780, 5943, 3857, 1051, 13059, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 2309, 21684, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 13481, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 13, 27740, 92, 8400, 1450, 10495, 29, 16523, 8743, 8854, 41605, 9897, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 6235, 11625, 253, 1677, 4295, 432, 271, 10726, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 28207, 187, 50273, 11, 42478, 272, 281, 897, 271, 12078, 10726, 390, 281, 5386, 247, 4445, 432, 271, 187, 50273, 11, 10726, 326, 2506, 626, 1211, 352, 1543, 275, 17011, 3879, 17778, 1288, 4357, 187, 50273, 11, 743, 17077, 588, 25618, 253, 10636, 387, 20243, 275, 13844, 4438, 275, 1083, 273, 187, 50273, 11, 12078, 10726, 390, 604, 253, 10726, 2506, 626, 1211, 271, 4227, 273, 253, 1677, 187, 50273, 11, 4445, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 85, 3575, 27740, 36975, 273, 4295, 281, 5386, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 3575, 10726, 329, 3588, 10726, 21674, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 8547, 29, 15295, 1051, 27740, 31, 187, 50274, 4353, 5386, 9, 3474, 10726, 64, 881, 10726, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 3489, 53, 64, 25202, 9, 7210, 9, 21294, 4027, 187, 50270, 9, 515, 459, 29, 12118, 31, 5023, 254, 511, 9672, 2520, 13, 10726, 582, 3346, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 1214, 18399, 6235, 11625, 253, 1677, 4295, 432, 512, 253, 14429, 275, 247, 2491, 15, 187, 50273, 11, 187, 50273, 11 ]

all the entities in a range. * * @sa destroy * * @tparam It Type of input iterator. * @param first An iterator to the first element of the range of entities. * @param last An iterator past the last element of the range of entities. */ template<typename It> void destroy(It first, It last) { for(; first != last; ++first) { destroy(*first); } } /** * @brief Assigns the given component to an entity. * * A new instance of the given component is created and initialized with the * arguments provided (the component must have a proper constructor or be of * aggregate type). Then the component is assigned to the given entity. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity or to assign a component to an entity * that already owns it results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity or if the entity already owns an instance of the given * component. * * @tparam Component Type of component to create. * @tparam Args Types of arguments to use to construct the component. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. * @param args Parameters to use to initialize the component. * @return A reference to the newly created component. */ template<typename Component, typename... Args> decltype(auto) emplace(const entity_type entity, Args &&... args) { ENTT_ASSERT(valid(entity)); return assure<Component>().emplace(*this, entity, std::forward<Args>(args)...); } /** * @brief Assigns each entity in a range the given component. * * @sa emplace * * @tparam Component Type of component to create. * @tparam It Type of input iterator. * @param first An iterator to the first element of the range of entities. * @param last An iterator past the last element of the range of entities. * @param value An instance of the component to assign. */ template<typename Component, typename It> void insert(It first, It last, const Component &value = {}) { ENTT_ASSERT(std::all_of(first, last, [this](const auto entity) { return valid(entity); })); assure<Component>().insert(*this, first, last, value); } /** * @brief Assigns each entity in a range the given components. * * @sa emplace * * @tparam Component Type of component to create. * @tparam EIt Type of input iterator. * @tparam CIt Type of input iterator. * @param first An iterator to the first element of the range of entities. * @param last An iterator past the last element of the range of entities. * @param from An iterator to the first element of the range of components. * @param to An iterator past the last element of the range of components. */ template<typename Component, typename EIt, typename CIt> void insert(EIt first, EIt last, CIt from, CIt to) { static_assert(std::is_constructible_v<Component, typename std::iterator_traits<CIt>::value_type>, "Invalid value type"); ENTT_ASSERT(std::all_of(first, last, [this](const auto entity) { return valid(entity); })); assure<Component>().insert(*this, first, last, from, to); } /** * @brief Assigns or replaces the given component for an entity. * * Equivalent to the following snippet (pseudocode): * * @code{.cpp} * auto &component = registry.has<Component>(entity) ? registry.replace<Component>(entity, args...) : registry.emplace<Component>(entity, args...); * @endcode * * Prefer this function anyway because it has slightly better performance. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity. * * @tparam Component Type of component to assign or replace. * @tparam Args Types of arguments to use to construct the component. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. * @param args Parameters to use to initialize the component. * @return A reference to the newly created component. */ template<typename Component, typename... Args> decltype(auto) emplace_or_replace(const entity_type entity, Args &&... args) { ENTT_ASSERT(valid(entity)); auto &cpool = assure<Component>(); return cpool.contains(entity) ? cpool.replace(*this, entity, Component{std::forward<Args>(args)...}) : cpool.emplace(*this, entity, std::forward<Args>(args)...); } /** * @brief Patches the given component for an entity. * * The signature of the functions should be equivalent to the following: * * @code{.cpp} * void(Component &); * @endcode * * @note * Empty types aren't explicitly instantiated and therefore they are never * returned. However, this function can be used to trigger an update signal * for them. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity or to patch a component of an entity * that doesn't own it results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity or if the entity doesn't own an instance of the given * component. * * @tparam Component Type of component to patch. * @tparam Func Types of the function objects to invoke. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. * @param func Valid function objects. * @return A reference to the patched component. */ template<typename Component, typename... Func> decltype(auto) patch(const entity_type entity, Func &&... func) { ENTT_ASSERT(valid(entity)); return assure<Component>().patch(*this, entity, std::forward<Func>(func)...); } /** * @brief Replaces the given component for an entity. * * A new instance of the given component is created and initialized with the * arguments provided (the component must have a proper constructor or be of * aggregate type). Then the component is assigned to the given entity. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity or to replace a component of an * entity that doesn't own it results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity or if the entity doesn't own an instance of the given * component. * * @tparam Component Type of component to replace. * @tparam Args Types of arguments to use to construct the component. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. * @param args Parameters to use to initialize the component. * @return A reference to the component being replaced. */ template<typename Component, typename... Args> decltype(auto) replace(const entity_type entity, Args &&... args) { return assure<Component>().replace(*this, entity, Component{std::forward<Args>(args)...}); } /** * @brief Removes the given components from an entity. * * @warning * Attempting to use an invalid entity or to remove a component from an * entity that doesn't own it results in undefined behavior.<br/> * An assertion will abort the execution at runtime in debug mode in case of * invalid entity or if the entity doesn't own an instance of the given * component. * * @tparam Component Types of components to remove. * @param entity A valid entity identifier. */ template<typename... Component> void remove(const entity_type entity) { ENTT_ASSERT(valid(entity)); (assure<Component>().erase(*this, entity), ...); } /** * @brief Removes the given components from all the entities in a range. * *

[ 67, 11671, 14346, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 93, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14346, 24, 8, 1163, 686, 52, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14346, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 537, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14346, 26, 8, 1163, 29278, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 5781, 8, 1163, 686, 9, 394, 41149, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 357, 8, 1163, 686, 14193, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 317, 8, 1163, 686, 2, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 324, 8, 1163, 686, 26848, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 3348, 8, 1163, 686, 9, 51, 41149, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 2320, 8, 1163, 30225, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 22501, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 19, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 20, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 21, 8, 1163, 5550, 8, 995, 686, 31738, 11470, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 49, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 24, 8, 1163, 42371, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 25, 8, 1163, 26848, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17296, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 18, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 5830, 8, 1163, 686, 9, 394, 41149, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 4482, 8, 1163, 686, 5064, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 12847, 8, 1163, 686, 18, 16, 21, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 14836, 8, 1163, 686, 18, 16, 19, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 1257, 8, 1163, 686, 20, 16, 21, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 3342, 8, 1163, 686, 32, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 21, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 34, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 12648, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 24, 8, 1163, 686, 36, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 38, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 38, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 6357, 8, 1163, 686, 38, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 10587, 67, 8, 1163, 686, 38, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 550, 8, 1163, 686, 42, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 2428, 8, 1163, 686, 42, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 336, 8, 1163, 686, 42, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 7836, 8, 1163, 686, 42, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 37, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 47, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 21, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 24, 8, 1163, 42371, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 48, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 17176, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 54, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 1473, 8, 1163, 686, 54, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 5470, 8, 1163, 686, 54, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 12352, 8, 1163, 686, 54, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 1678, 8, 1163, 686, 58, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 615, 8, 1163, 686, 67, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 4989, 8, 1163, 686, 35, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 21, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 66, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 3348, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 24, 8, 1163, 686, 68, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 70, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 70, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 7096, 66, 8, 1163, 686, 70, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 2275, 8, 1163, 686, 70, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 886, 8, 1163, 686, 74, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 264, 8, 1163, 686, 74, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 1796, 8, 1163, 686, 74, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 832, 8, 1163, 686, 74, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 17, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 18, 8, 1163, 686, 79, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 19, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 20, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 21, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 22, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 23, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 24, 8, 1163, 17882, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 25, 8, 1163, 686, 80, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 26, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 6855, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 14506, 67, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 12964, 8, 1163, 686, 86, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 9194, 8, 1163, 686, 90, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 89, 453, 8, 1163, 686, 67, 1383, 187, 50270, 67, 11671, 21671, 8, 1163, 686, 90, 1383, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50274, 4, 329, 3711, 908, 672, 11922, 44355, 7464, 14, 805, 3583, 16, 28783, 14, 45295, 14, 18, 187, 50274, 4, 5810, 275, 5010, 34773, 14, 25, 7177, 15, 187, 50274, 4, 187, 50274, 4, 5838, 326, 393, 89, 3593, 13, 393, 89, 25, 69, 13, 393, 89, 25, 71, 13, 393, 89, 2270, 13, 285, 393, 89, 26, 69, 403, 17011, 275, 187, 50274, 4, 7464, 14, 805, 3583, 15, 187, 50274, 37058, 33069, 64, 805, 3583, 64, 7058, 64, 18441, 25, 426, 551, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 1438, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 3507, 61, 89, 317, 1383, 1852, 17275, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 3507, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 26, 66, 1383, 1852, 541, 237, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 3245, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 23, 61, 89, 4529, 1383, 50273, 4, 209, 130, 229, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2759, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 26, 70, 1383, 1852, 16724, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2227, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 14346, 23, 1383, 1852, 8139, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2691, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 14346, 17, 1383, 1852, 31038, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2597, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 14346, 18, 1383, 1852, 541, 96, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2055, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 67, 61, 89, 2691, 1383, 50273, 4, 209, 135, 217, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2511, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 17296, 17, 1383, 1852, 541, 110, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 25, 66, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 14346, 17, 1383, 50273, 4, 43869, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 25, 67, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 17296, 26, 1383, 1852, 541, 119, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 25, 68, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 89, 4529, 1383, 50273, 4, 6078, 229, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 25, 70, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 89, 14836, 1383, 50273, 4, 6078, 123, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4739, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 4185, 1383, 1852, 2802, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4529, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 1525, 1383, 1852, 15956, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4590, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 26, 68, 1383, 1852, 773, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 3953, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 26, 69, 1383, 1852, 18365, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2222, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 14346, 19, 1383, 1852, 10983, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4196, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 4590, 1383, 1852, 1108, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4148, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 3953, 1383, 1852, 1905, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 4185, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 67, 61, 89, 26, 68, 1383, 50273, 4, 209, 135, 239, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 1525, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 2759, 61, 14346, 19, 1383, 1852, 3384, 215, 97, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 66, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 14346, 18, 1383, 50273, 4, 23933, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 67, 1163, 270, 11671, 7096, 19, 61, 89, 1438, 61, 89, 5830, 1383, 1852, 541, 120, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 68, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 89, 4590, 1383, 50273, 4, 6078, 230, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 70, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 89, 1257, 1383, 50273, 4, 19888, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 26, 71, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 22, 61, 17296, 25, 1383, 50273, 4, 6078, 118, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 17, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 17, 1383, 50273, 4, 17345, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 18, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 18, 1383, 50273, 4, 46290, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 19, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 19, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 97, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 20, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 20, 1383, 50273, 4, 8157, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 21, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 21, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 99, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 22, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 22, 1383, 50273, 4, 43389, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 23, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 23, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 101, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 24, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 24, 1383, 50273, 4, 3015, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 25, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 25, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 103, 187, 50270, 17, 14346, 26, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 14346, 26, 1383, 50273, 4, 20919, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 5781, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 5781, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 105, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 357, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 357, 1383, 50273, 4, 7539, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 317, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 317, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 107, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 324, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 324, 1383, 50273, 4, 43044, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 3348, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 3348, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 108, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 2320, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 89, 2320, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 109, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 17, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 17, 1383, 50273, 4, 11758, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 18, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 18, 1383, 50273, 4, 3279, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 19, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 19, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 112, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 20, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 20, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 113, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 21, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 21, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 114, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 22, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 22, 1383, 50273, 4, 9804, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 23, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 23, 1383, 50273, 4, 11367, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 24, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 24, 1383, 50273, 4, 25271, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 25, 1163, 270, 11671, 10587, 19, 61, 17296, 25, 1383, 50273, 4, 1191, 118, 187, 50270, 17, 17296, 26, 1163, 270, 11671 ]

b'\xa6' : '|', b'\xa7' : 'S', b'\xa8' : '..', b'\xa9' : '', b'\xaa' : '(th)', b'\xab' : '<<', b'\xac' : '!', b'\xad' : ' ', b'\xae' : '(R)', b'\xaf' : '-', b'\xb0' : 'o', b'\xb1' : '+-', b'\xb2' : '2', b'\xb3' : '3', b'\xb4' : ("'", 'acute'), b'\xb5' : 'u', b'\xb6' : 'P', b'\xb7' : '*', b'\xb8' : ',', b'\xb9' : '1', b'\xba' : '(th)', b'\xbb' : '>>', b'\xbc' : '1/4', b'\xbd' : '1/2', b'\xbe' : '3/4', b'\xbf' : '?', b'\xc0' : 'A', b'\xc1' : 'A', b'\xc2' : 'A', b'\xc3' : 'A', b'\xc4' : 'A', b'\xc5' : 'A', b'\xc6' : 'AE', b'\xc7' : 'C', b'\xc8' : 'E', b'\xc9' : 'E', b'\xca' : 'E', b'\xcb' : 'E', b'\xcc' : 'I', b'\xcd' : 'I', b'\xce' : 'I', b'\xcf' : 'I', b'\xd0' : 'D', b'\xd1' : 'N', b'\xd2' : 'O', b'\xd3' : 'O', b'\xd4' : 'O', b'\xd5' : 'O', b'\xd6' : 'O', b'\xd7' : '*', b'\xd8' : 'O', b'\xd9' : 'U', b'\xda' : 'U', b'\xdb' : 'U', b'\xdc' : 'U', b'\xdd' : 'Y', b'\xde' : 'b', b'\xdf' : 'B', b'\xe0' : 'a', b'\xe1' : 'a', b'\xe2' : 'a', b'\xe3' : 'a', b'\xe4' : 'a', b'\xe5' : 'a', b'\xe6' : 'ae', b'\xe7' : 'c', b'\xe8' : 'e', b'\xe9' : 'e', b'\xea' : 'e', b'\xeb' : 'e', b'\xec' : 'i', b'\xed' : 'i', b'\xee' : 'i', b'\xef' : 'i', b'\xf0' : 'o', b'\xf1' : 'n', b'\xf2' : 'o', b'\xf3' : 'o', b'\xf4' : 'o', b'\xf5' : 'o', b'\xf6' : 'o', b'\xf7' : '/', b'\xf8' : 'o', b'\xf9' : 'u', b'\xfa' : 'u', b'\xfb' : 'u', b'\xfc' : 'u', b'\xfd' : 'y', b'\xfe' : 'b', b'\xff' : 'y', } # A map used when removing rogue Windows-1252/ISO-8859-1 # characters in otherwise UTF-8 documents. # # Note that \x81, \x8d, \x8f, \x90, and \x9d are undefined in # Windows-1252. WINDOWS_1252_TO_UTF8 = { 0x80 : b'\xe2\x82\xac', # € 0x82 : b'\xe2\x80\x9a', # ‚ 0x83 : b'\xc6\x92', # ƒ 0x84 : b'\xe2\x80\x9e', # „ 0x85 : b'\xe2\x80\xa6', # … 0x86 : b'\xe2\x80\xa0', # † 0x87 : b'\xe2\x80\xa1', # ‡ 0x88 : b'\xcb\x86', # ˆ 0x89 : b'\xe2\x80\xb0', # ‰ 0x8a : b'\xc5\xa0', # Š 0x8b : b'\xe2\x80\xb9', # ‹ 0x8c : b'\xc5\x92', # Œ 0x8e : b'\xc5\xbd', # Ž 0x91 : b'\xe2\x80\x98', # ‘ 0x92 : b'\xe2\x80\x99', # ’ 0x93 : b'\xe2\x80\x9c', # “ 0x94 : b'\xe2\x80\x9d', # ” 0x95 : b'\xe2\x80\xa2', # • 0x96 : b'\xe2\x80\x93', # – 0x97 : b'\xe2\x80\x94', # — 0x98 : b'\xcb\x9c', # ˜ 0x99 : b'\xe2\x84\xa2', # ™ 0x9a : b'\xc5\xa1', # š 0x9b : b'\xe2\x80\xba', # › 0x9c : b'\xc5\x93', # œ 0x9e : b'\xc5\xbe', # ž 0x9f : b'\xc5\xb8', # Ÿ 0xa0 : b'\xc2\xa0', # 0xa1 : b'\xc2\xa1', # ¡ 0xa2 : b'\xc2\xa2', # ¢ 0xa3 : b'\xc2\xa3', # £ 0xa4 : b'\xc2\xa4', # ¤ 0xa5 : b'\xc2\xa5', # ¥ 0xa6 : b'\xc2\xa6', # ¦ 0xa7 : b'\xc2\xa7', # § 0xa8 : b'\xc2\xa8', # ¨ 0xa9 : b'\xc2\xa9', # © 0xaa : b'\xc2\xaa', # ª 0xab : b'\xc2\xab', # « 0xac : b'\xc2\xac', # ¬ 0xad : b'\xc2\xad', # 0xae : b'\xc2\xae', # ® 0xaf : b'\xc2\xaf', # ¯ 0xb0 : b'\xc2\xb0', # ° 0xb1 : b'\xc2\xb1', # ± 0xb2 : b'\xc2\xb2', # ² 0xb3 : b'\xc2\xb3', # ³ 0xb4 : b'\xc2\xb4', # ´ 0xb5 : b'\xc2\xb5', # µ 0xb6 : b'\xc2\xb6', # ¶ 0xb7 : b'\xc2\xb7', # · 0xb8 : b'\xc2\xb8', # ¸ 0xb9 : b'\

[ 3718, 1757, 46975, 3974, 372, 818, 13, 1036, 6, 513, 2264, 34839, 11780, 258, 441, 80, 372, 4848, 9837, 84, 642, 21745, 13589, 372, 734, 35802, 711, 71, 15100, 1757, 46975, 3974, 372, 1249, 13, 4148, 7739, 46166, 4665, 274, 513, 261, 4809, 375, 21098, 265, 2558, 86, 4631, 1049, 834, 8585, 30645, 1144, 16469, 27, 372, 1753, 30645, 458, 3179, 12263, 704, 7067, 35553, 401, 31073, 13, 802, 774, 14291, 18547, 4644, 372, 734, 14291, 372, 24855, 650, 33562, 313, 71, 15100, 1757, 46975, 299, 711, 71, 15100, 1757, 46975, 10, 954, 376, 1753, 258, 441, 80, 372, 4848, 9837, 84, 802, 3718, 4204, 866, 21221, 7014, 3974, 2192, 4478, 9392, 1821, 263, 3294, 13490, 9392, 18547, 4644, 372, 1049, 10986, 29213, 13, 299, 258, 372, 4848, 9837, 84, 15563, 247, 866, 21221, 7014, 3974, 819, 1420, 9392, 4204, 6191, 785, 20092, 66, 396, 3294, 3377, 18547, 20591, 372, 734, 35802, 711, 71, 15100, 1757, 46975, 15, 1680, 601, 954, 376, 1753, 372, 269, 4611, 11856, 516, 43166, 6429, 1528, 571, 1753, 396, 9766, 276, 8685, 247, 3718, 4204, 866, 21221, 7014, 15, 187, 187, 26186, 562, 287, 4809, 80, 247, 1151, 1759, 3377, 3974, 1753, 48118, 258, 39362, 458, 3179, 12263, 13, 258, 650, 33562, 372, 35140, 900, 4057, 7035, 693, 2327, 86, 1049, 1631, 66, 686, 785, 1528, 7940, 16444, 372, 4154, 375, 8, 1753, 258, 650, 33562, 2916, 5629, 247, 1045, 66, 13, 258, 1753, 49267, 1151, 11856, 20456, 22091, 372, 1753, 642, 650, 33562, 2916, 5629, 13, 327, 615, 396, 1548, 692, 66, 11856, 516, 43166, 6429, 1528, 571, 372, 387, 1741, 3355, 372, 4848, 9837, 84, 13, 37472, 5111, 1821, 263, 930, 2771, 372, 8266, 265, 372, 802, 739, 3685, 9527, 734, 35802, 13, 1049, 834, 6575, 5586, 5111, 387, 13734, 32147, 3377, 299, 6415, 75, 3377, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 31535, 891, 4678, 317, 790, 285, 28609, 19832, 273, 530, 18244, 84, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 2444, 327, 271, 622, 326, 12802, 265, 891, 4678, 11660, 530, 18244, 84, 432, 247, 31446, 4771, 13, 326, 2097, 627, 403, 642, 1892, 14, 38059, 530, 18244, 84, 275, 253, 622, 285, 841, 36919, 403, 11485, 6890, 15, 530, 18244, 84, 476, 320, 9300, 327, 253, 31446, 285, 253, 622, 588, 4763, 247, 747, 873, 273, 530, 18244, 84, 281, 5724, 323, 15, 187, 15545, 327, 436, 1501, 1060, 13, 8217, 310, 33944, 11222, 326, 1329, 11595, 3280, 273, 530, 18244, 84, 285, 309, 1353, 417, 2119, 604, 619, 622, 310, 1469, 281, 1056, 352, 281, 253, 2051, 4657, 15, 187, 42, 651, 751, 281, 4089, 634, 8680, 604, 368, 1849, 4783, 949, 436, 1854, 390, 452, 4307, 327, 247, 2074, 4473, 285, 1160, 352, 949, 253, 2278, 1232, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 42, 452, 671, 574, 271, 622, 10945, 323, 6941, 11595, 3280, 273, 1294, 3266, 414, 54, 18244, 84, 15, 50276, 3220, 4685, 273, 8217, 434, 1899, 310, 326, 436, 10384, 760, 281, 25104, 347, 247, 45592, 13, 285, 326, 352, 310, 4136, 281, 452, 11595, 2608, 3280, 273, 1294, 3266, 414, 54, 18244, 84, 323, 5481, 6378, 15, 50276, 510, 1921, 597, 1053, 626, 971, 368, 281, 13185, 342, 247, 13542, 5966, 1294, 3266, 414, 54, 18244, 84, 310, 984, 352, 4483, 8869, 273, 271, 3477, 48109, 4968, 323, 346, 1033, 49912, 272, 3, 643, 12633, 8, 320, 317, 790, 15, 187, 2773, 753, 13, 634, 897, 1083, 310, 1027, 1335, 13, 984, 368, 403, 2970, 253, 1294, 3266, 414, 54, 18244, 84, 432, 247, 4771, 13, 417, 3587, 432, 2608, 3280, 15, 50276, 42, 452, 2067, 11222, 275, 253, 2051, 15900, 326, 513, 4555, 436, 13, 285, 352, 310, 247, 1846, 3946, 13, 594, 309, 1053, 626, 30258, 352, 588, 320, 247, 1895, 323, 368, 15, 535, 7676, 24247, 14975, 8, 12351, 5373, 273, 367, 22897, 27, 247, 9933, 6630, 638, 14, 285, 1501, 14, 49, 22897, 7092, 15, 187, 7676, 24247, 14975, 275, 253, 27733, 4775, 17907, 273, 1457, 14541, 1373, 285, 10118, 4614, 263, 497, 11966, 247, 6630, 1078, 285, 846, 367, 22897, 369, 9009, 2439, 512, 7928, 4375, 275, 253, 14254, 15, 510, 6630, 574, 4562, 15, 24, 6, 285, 4791, 15, 17, 6, 2380, 4142, 13, 2975, 15, 1707, 369, 10665, 1329, 1119, 323, 367, 22897, 1097, 638, 14, 285, 1501, 14, 39595, 275, 253, 3672, 273, 1174, 2289, 285, 2278, 13, 367, 22897, 13175, 13, 3290, 273, 5012, 13, 6733, 13, 285, 2670, 14, 936, 14, 11264, 5702, 45235, 15, 2512, 369, 3710, 1329, 326, 367, 22897, 3777, 4675, 2978, 273, 3297, 15, 38056, 656, 824, 347, 253, 581, 7091, 275, 436, 1263, 2085, 271, 5107, 281, 2557, 253, 12351, 5649, 285, 7881, 273, 367, 22897, 275, 247, 4942, 2105, 3576, 5133, 15, 510, 10325, 310, 9238, 285, 5258, 1875, 28, 627, 403, 642, 18892, 23267, 390, 21854, 942, 323, 6149, 314, 30269, 15, 187, 187, 38603, 310, 26557, 12338, 28, 1841, 878, 281, 3997, 745, 273, 643, 1841, 13, 285, 6909, 390, 5159, 643, 1841, 13, 275, 1340, 281, 11883, 285, 20464, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1966, 15272, 13, 26350, 310, 10046, 14896, 28, 344, 46340, 521, 9054, 285, 4852, 281, 3819, 1529, 1388, 15, 831, 310, 253, 1039, 352, 2987, 10159, 273, 665, 369, 37620, 987, 13, 275, 253, 7312, 3282, 273, 28009, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 359, 476, 17965, 1333, 310, 253, 5405, 273, 253, 500, 24895, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 247, 28364, 382, 13, 309, 871, 326, 434, 849, 253, 10325, 2987, 13, 285, 309, 1132, 15672, 15, 313, 688, 1142, 625, 7000, 34323, 273, 2675, 5016, 285, 3367, 32992, 627, 434, 642, 878, 281, 21184, 327, 1060, 2698, 187, 187, 1989, 1024, 13, 513, 309, 971, 281, 3153, 275, 247, 1966, 5948, 534, 4566, 407, 247, 11727, 273, 346, 22732, 2789, 987, 13, 2712, 4566, 13, 5405, 273, 253, 500, 24895, 16296, 187, 187, 42, 588, 1333, 3365, 13, 346, 2369, 937, 533, 342, 32696, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 3, 984, 824, 247, 5948, 2506, 626, 1361, 619, 1211, 5788, 1199, 13, 352, 17134, 398, 352, 15, 1284, 247, 8870, 2675, 5893, 13, 309, 971, 281, 3153, 275, 247, 5948, 534, 556, 6297, 313, 50141, 13, 7829, 13, 29894, 43508, 281, 4017, 619, 7185, 15, 187, 187, 17833, 13, 275, 247, 1375, 273, 3753, 13, 285, 672, 352, 48792, 3249, 1066, 281, 352, 512, 309, 476, 10725, 327, 310, 4266, 281, 11883, 1411, 40567, 285, 3626, 36578, 13, 533, 2139, 651, 309, 971, 281, 3153, 1388, 275, 285, 1388, 562, 275, 3638, 4709, 323, 619, 1495, 32, 187, 187, 42, 588, 11697, 1379, 5018, 281, 4017, 4266, 342, 247, 22657, 285, 690, 1846, 14, 33829, 346, 33151, 7060, 84, 937, 533, 347, 1663, 271, 6880, 273, 436, 13, 309, 588, 671, 23075, 1329, 247, 2208, 285, 5948, 534, 5419, 6419, 25481, 323, 479, 347, 247, 25615, 624, 1411, 6617, 13, 285, 3400, 15394, 6619, 3238, 13, 2190, 643, 4217, 2675, 21031, 281, 4017, 479, 1411, 25926, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1014, 564, 594, 2080, 347, 281, 1329, 2208, 6382, 466, 534, 1361, 619, 1211, 5788, 285, 973, 14, 11952, 275, 253, 830, 273, 5252, 10132, 285, 3872, 1786, 6503, 15, 187, 187, 2513, 436, 10155, 253, 346, 24441, 273, 253, 500, 24895, 865, 187, 187, 2302, 15, 733, 434, 1335, 26182, 352, 347, 26401, 2032, 13, 45190, 273, 3753, 13, 1223, 8133, 5827, 275, 1659, 281, 4017, 10616, 15, 733, 434, 41585, 5788, 15, 187, 187, 4125, 1110, 32696, 309, 10062, 670, 28, 187, 187, 42, 1053, 626, 971, 4130, 281, 11883, 285, 755, 247, 5044, 6021, 816, 984, 597, 452, 247, 10724, 15, 187, 187, 39546, 10529, 285, 2854, 14, 1911, 882, 84, 309, 476, 4745, 2014, 562, 347, 1146, 19231, 26368, 273, 954, 13, 604, 417, 512, 13, 313, 7955, 1946, 327, 690, 40155, 273, 12137, 10, 2675, 29110, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1335, 971, 24766, 12636, 279, 261, 9009, 275, 1569, 285, 14232, 15, 187, 187, 688, 5054, 8213, 13, 309, 513, 3839, 971, 4413, 534, 1891, 281, 1891, 28, 10995, 12536, 13, 1805, 4394, 588, 1379, 616, 1659, 15, 187, 187, 3220, 1127, 1060, 310, 326, 1223, 253, 10325, 310, 5258, 1875, 285, 581, 3198, 281, 871, 352, 285, 769, 327, 352, 13, 352, 671, 1602, 80, 11625, 581, 281, 1691, 275, 1659, 2176, 2675, 21031, 281, 4017, 581, 434, 7185, 285, 973, 14, 11952, 15, 187, 187, 9, 510, 40155, 273, 436, 403, 273, 2282, 990, 13102, 37730, 275, 253, 3569, 15269, 13, 309, 452, 619, 2173, 6849, 327, 3569, 3374, 534, 588, 273, 2282, 9184, 432, 253, 1735, 11191, 404, 296, 15, 380, 8063, 310, 816, 44933, 3686, 273, 3988, 1691, 2366, 407, 2208, 13, 534, 778, 6889, 275, 3986, 285, 2173, 3672, 2698, 187, 187, 42, 1053, 626, 971, 281, 320, 27150, 562, 407, 2455, 31781, 285, 2137, 326, 10308, 4219, 7625, 28, 309, 971, 281, 3153, 1048, 285, 20464, 642, 2647, 752, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 476, 923, 432, 436, 2139, 352, 943, 320, 14004, 1076, 281, 247, 28364, 382, 281, 4089, 6281, 273, 952, 44137, 407, 43650, 390, 17715, 4675, 4750, 13, 3513, 6251, 13, 285, 28090, 1832, 273, 512, 16308, 28, 352, 270, 3180, 16426, 323, 253, 2060, 28364, 382, 15, 6279, 28, 320, 5480, 11697, 13, 9142, 368, 1472, 1234, 790, 917, 323, 4834, 1051, 2858, 1907, 247, 4336, 718, 73, 10270, 13, 44230, 2920, 346, 4037, 25595, 2637, 3, 12046, 4404, 952, 13889, 390, 1146, 4127, 3430, 2920, 1955, 8127, 281, 253, 1891, 723, 273, 12440, 5087, 281, 5752, 731, 310, 11213, 10984, 90, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 1620, 871, 672, 368, 1537, 755, 4352, 407, 667, 1180, 273, 28006, 17507, 10865, 13, 390, 39380, 10145, 273, 12137, 4834, 15, 187, 187, 46361, 12510, 285, 8426, 275, 5948, 403, 9865, 281, 512, 13, 1690, 479, 13, 3103, 309, 513, 1557, 15, 187, 187, 8195, 2181, 1512, 28, 1537, 1057, 417, 1056, 987, 275, 667, 2238, 273, 1524, 28009, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 3095, 38208, 368, 13, 390, 34597, 368, 13, 368, 1871, 1620, 1908, 352, 987, 816, 327, 2395, 273, 253, 14549, 21573, 1146, 8750, 685, 368, 28, 368, 1871, 1908, 352, 3430, 327, 2395, 273, 352, 1146, 3430, 15, 187, 187, 3, 46, 429, 310, 10154, 3, 310, 2032, 275, 326, 253, 3949, 263, 4850, 253, 15695, 3683, 13, 285, 436, 1364, 1900, 320, 12659, 13, 533, 352, 310, 417, 28009, 275, 667, 4217, 3282, 15, 733, 310, 247, 4217, 12616, 323, 253, 3753, 273, 6612, 327, 253, 954, 275, 13961, 1268, 13, 1078, 359, 1265, 8133, 776, 1211, 19868, 273, 2193, 273, 8426, 4830, 5231, 285, 5113, 15, 187, 187, 4241, 422, 28009, 1057, 2226, 13, 3907, 273, 667, 7122, 390, 18892, 8869, 13, 285, 310, 9413, 494, 407, 8249, 14392, 28, 18035, 15, 11706, 13, 2717, 3076, 6569, 465, 21127, 1037, 390, 672, 368, 3150, 984, 273, 752, 368, 858, 37620, 13, 533, 28009, 476, 320, 6888, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 1469, 745, 327, 247, 28196, 627, 2167, 28, 619, 1127, 1060, 369, 326, 352, 434, 24924, 281, 971, 253, 5405, 273, 253, 500, 24895, 281, 4647, 15744, 281, 33895, 15, 187, 187, 42, 588, 11697, 1379, 5018, 281, 4017, 4266, 342, 247, 22657, 285, 690, 1846, 14, 33829, 346, 33151, 7060, 84, 937, 533, 347, 1663, 271, 6880, 273, 436, 13, 309, 588, 671, 23075, 1329, 247, 2208, 285, 5948, 534, 5419, 6419, 25481, 323, 479, 347, 247, 25615, 624, 1411, 6617, 13, 285, 3400, 15394, 6619, 3238, 13, 2190, 643, 4217, 2675, 21031, 281, 4017, 479, 1411, 25926, 15, 187, 187, 8903, 22767, 15, 187, 187, 32234, 36349, 2896, 27, 10118, 44960, 460, 187, 187, 688, 1966, 15272, 13, 26350, 310, 10046, 14896, 187, 187, 4374, 13, 533, 309, 1158, 346, 9072, 254, 3, 943, 320, 908, 275, 247, 1077, 12773, 3282, 15, 38312, 273, 253, 269, 44713, 1057, 417, 7933, 1599, 5788, 273, 253, 13318, 19508, 15, 22606, 4757, 310, 760, 581, 2803, 15, 329, 2266, 10893, 285, 2266, 48455, 476, 564, 247, 1048, 1039, 13, 3340, 323, 776, 3417, 15, 187, 187, 9917, 13, 7960, 18738, 253, 2644, 346, 22732, 310, 987, 3, 38656, 1057, 417, 1056, 581, 25427, 13, 3738, 7960, 26182, 253, 6349, 273, 2675, 26447, 778, 387, 1878, 1361, 247, 1436, 275, 581, 434, 7089, 15, 187, 187, 32234, 36349, 2896, 27, 10118 ]

favoráveis é de 7,16% do total enquanto o uso de robôs no contingente de interações desfavoráveis é de 12,97%. Vale interpretar dois aspectos desses percentuais apontados pelo estudo: de que pelo levantamento feito pela FGV, em relação ao volume de interação de cada grupo (favoráveis e desfavoráveis) mostra que o uso de robôs em favor da exposição é infinitamente menor comparativamente ao volume de apoiadores, e o de robôs contra a exposição é praticamente da mesma escala se comparado ao todo de interações desfavoráveis. Isso mostra que de fato uma imensa maioria que se manifestou era a favor da exposição. Um outro aspecto a ser observado é que segundo o mesmo levantamento, o grupo de apoio à Queermuseu apresenta 'maior diversidade de argumentos' que o grupo contrario a ela, o que parece ser uma evidência de que no grupo contrario, onde se identifica uma imensa maioria de atividades de robôs, há um menor numero de fontes de emissão das interações, apontando para um ataque concatenado e planejado.Q: Dynamic iBeacons and Manual Input of UUIDs I'm working on an app that retrieves iBeacon UUIDs from a backend server, that means there are no hard-coded UUIDs in the app and these IDs are constantly changing. UUIDs can be updated on the backend and the app will receive a new set of UUIDs to monitor for. Based on this post here, Apple is rejecting apps that support manual input of UUIDs and I'm not sure if my app is going to make it to the App store. I would like to hear your feedback if you've gone through this path or have worked on a similar concept and made it through the review process. A: I have also had an app rejected for allowing manual input of ProximityUUIDs. My understanding of Apple's position is that this applies only to transmitting as a beacon, and that it is allowed to have manual user input of ProximityUUIDs for detection purposes. The reason they don't want you to transmit with a manually entered ProximityUUIDs is because it allows creation of an easy hacker tool for "spoofing" other folks' beacons. That said, your use case is different still, because you are getting the ProximityUUIDs from a server, not directly from user input. I have several apps in the AppStore that do exactly this, and it is a common practice, so I don't anticipate it will be a problem for you. Referring physicians' perceived benefits of PACS: a regional survey pre- and post-PACS implementation. Referring physicians in theWestern Health Authority of Newfoundland and Labrador were administered a survey before and after PACS was implemented across all acute sites in the province.The survey had 31.7% and 35.0% response rates, respectively. There was considerable support found for PACS both pre- and post-implementation in the areas of exam access and review, PACS functionality, quality of reports, efficiency, and site-to-site professional consultations.There was limited support that PACS reduced hospital length of stay. Surveys such as the one employed in this study provide an opportunity to measure the perceived benefit and challenges of PACS in a relatively cost effective manner.The universe is neutral and uncaring; there are no divine rewards or punishments for earthly deeds. Nature is inherently violent; things need to feed off of other things, and destroy or kill other things, in order to survive and prosper. In human conflicts, whoever is stronger wins; he destroys his enemy and lives to fight another day. This is the way it works regardless of who was morally right, in the usual sense of morality. This we can altogether say is the Law of the Jungle. As a Satanist, I know that's how the universe works, and I play accordingly. (In many more detailed manners of social interaction and personal advancement there's no need to elaborate on here.) But now, do I want to live in a human society which goes by a philosophy of "might makes right, anything goes, Law of the Jungle"? I will say simply, "no," but with qualifications. "No" because such a society doesn't help my own survival much, it hinders it. As a rational social animal, I want to live in a society which has mechanisms (police, courts, armies,) to protect my freedom. Sure, in a state of nature, and when it REALLY comes down to it all I can rely on is myself to survive against attackers and natural disasters, but why would I want to live day in and day out in constant fear for my life? I will personally take steps to protect myself with a firearm and some common-sense "street smarts," but as really an extension of this, I will also politically support a government and society which punishes criminals for me as a deterrent against crime, and provides disaster relief services, among other useful social constructs to protect me against dangers. I even go so far as to support government policie which help my own survival and well-being in the form of safety regulations and national health insurance. Is this breaking the "Law of the Jungle?" No. It's still recognizing it as fundamentally true, empirically of nature, while putting plans in place to protect ME. It's pragmatic survival. Now those qualifications I talked about; I don't want everyone to survive and get a basic income just because they have a pulse. Criminals and drug-addicts I can immediately single out as being undeserving of most, if not all, (depending on some specifics of crimes) social protections. I still want Lex Talionis implemented in law and punishment. In economic matters, I do generally want companies which fail to fail; creative destruction, better ones will take their place. My point here is that while the universe is uncaring and one needs to know it and act on it, it also behooves one to put in place certain social constructs to protect one's freedom and well-being. (The specifics of this are of course endlessly debated in the political sphere, I have my specific views on political issues which will of course differ from the next Satainst. The principle is just SOME sort of security put together by government, which may vary in reach and specific areas.) I don't want to be wiped out by ever plague and war that stabilizes populations; I want to live long and prosper no matter what. You can see from this why it should be upsetting to a Satanist to hear stories of people harmed by incompetent or corrupt hospital staff, police officers, and bureaucrats of all sorts; it bodes badly for the individual Satanist. Yes; be prepared personally, ultimately you're reponsible for yourself...but having a completely assholy, boastfully "UNCARING" attitude towards people dying or being treated wrongfully due largely to the failings of professionals paid to serve them is foolhardy. You never know when you might get hit by any number of idiot drunk drivers, or falsely accused of crimes yourself. Professional effectiveness and justice in society are valuable to all, including me, therefore I do care. Another thing too; might does not make right in any kind of real morality. If someone robbed you, or raped you, you'd never consider it right just on account of the perpetrator being bigger than you; you'd consider it wrong on account of it being wrong. "Might is Right" is true in that the victor gets the spoils, and this must always be remembered, but it is not morality in any useful sense. It is a useful phrase for the nature of reality on the most inhuman level, before we start putting our own hierarchy of values of justice onto actions and objects. Objective morality does exist, independent of any god or divine creation, and is discoverable by scientific inquiry; ethics. Still, nothing bad happens kharmically or when you die because of what you did morally, but morality can be discovered. I'm going off on a tangent there though; my point here was that it's foolish to want the Law of the Jungle to apply freely to oneself. I will personally take steps to protect myself with a firearm and some common-sense "street smarts," but as really an extension of this, I will also politically support a government and society which punishes criminals for me as a deterrent against crime, and provides disaster relief services, among other useful social constructs to protect me against dangers. Agreed. Originally Posted By: Labyrinthine In human conflicts, whoever is stronger wins Yes, but I think "stronger" should be used in a very liberal sense. Survival of the fittest does not necessarily mean survival of the physically strongest. Physical strength is only one factor. A strong intellect and strong cunning can go a long way, especially for our species. Also, merely accepting the whole "might is right" mentality does not make one mighty, although merely recognizing the importance of social dominance may at least help a person in one's decisions. Originally Posted By: Lab

[ 1511, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 2377, 45994, 3851, 275, 594, 2080, 347, 3318, 72, 9, 89, 4010, 187, 47, 64, 79, 393, 2609, 92, 89, 1743, 2461, 748, 70, 2497, 89, 599, 45, 9, 89, 10, 209, 187, 6602, 2609, 464, 1124, 92, 69, 1217, 9665, 889, 2609, 92, 89, 42465, 835, 581, 25153, 253, 6278, 5230, 273, 253, 2801, 1159, 273, 253, 2330, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 275, 2914, 273, 370, 45, 9, 89, 3822, 380, 3064, 875, 370, 47, 64, 79, 5, 285, 370, 44, 64, 79, 5, 8553, 323, 1896, 14637, 14149, 432, 253, 13737, 273, 253, 4309, 273, 370, 71, 9, 89, 3822, 496, 1055, 13, 581, 23981, 387, 3318, 89, 45, 50101, 89, 8744, 1035, 2461, 12, 18, 14, 89, 10, 45, 14249, 89, 17637, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 21, 61, 2461, 768, 19, 5960, 21, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 4587, 18, 1217, 21, 89, 6643, 187, 61, 1124, 464, 4259, 1217, 21, 94, 10042, 1124, 464, 2461, 1217, 19, 10780, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 94, 50272, 61, 918, 10, 45, 9, 89, 4010, 17, 15, 209, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 47529, 64, 18, 2138, 3954, 359, 1056, 897, 273, 253, 7185, 275, 669, 2461, 5, 281, 3635, 1419, 253, 30179, 407, 4758, 669, 2461, 30, 298, 12, 393, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 724, 285, 3021, 13, 359, 403, 1669, 342, 253, 5150, 323, 253, 2330, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 13, 5150, 3891, 14293, 51, 522, 26471, 8001, 3813, 1764, 1124, 464, 4259, 1217, 21, 94, 10042, 1124, 464, 2461, 1217, 19, 10780, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 4203, 79, 13, 187, 61, 3362, 187, 21, 61, 2461, 768, 19, 5960, 21, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 4587, 18, 30, 17, 13, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 47529, 64, 19, 2138, 4483, 281, 4271, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 47529, 2582, 18, 3851, 342, 253, 5150, 323, 253, 2330, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 13, 3318, 89, 45, 6267, 578, 79, 1603, 89, 38849, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 6643, 18, 14, 89, 10, 45, 24915, 79, 1603, 89, 8744, 79, 45, 578, 79, 1603, 89, 4010, 17, 13, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 47529, 64, 20, 2138, 3692, 5482, 403, 370, 45, 578, 79, 1603, 89, 4010, 418, 1743, 1274, 9, 298, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 889, 918, 20669, 79, 1603, 89, 3822, 496, 1055, 13, 253, 14599, 629, 273, 253, 40598, 5149, 1159, 323, 253, 370, 20, 37, 5, 27957, 310, 1677, 347, 3318, 72, 64, 79, 9, 89, 4010, 47, 64, 79, 61, 2609, 92, 89, 768, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 599, 70, 2497, 89, 599, 45, 64, 79, 1743, 1274, 9, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 889, 918, 14411, 89, 10, 187, 6602, 2609, 464, 1124, 92, 69, 1217, 9665, 94, 393, 2609, 92, 89, 32964, 8247, 281, 253, 370, 91, 5, 4778, 13, 253, 40598, 5149, 1159, 310, 1024, 2797, 275, 697, 2457, 830, 347, 1764, 4144, 64, 79, 9, 91, 7182, 1124, 92, 51, 9, 91, 9783, 91, 4203, 187, 44, 64, 79, 1182, 768, 77, 94, 70, 12886, 1124, 92, 91, 768, 19, 5932, 19, 599, 45, 4932, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 2311, 2026, 79, 1603, 91, 768, 19, 43214, 380, 9373, 38931, 1319, 9909, 875, 253, 5149, 3470, 761, 12239, 253, 9373, 38931, 1319, 875, 253, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 2556, 281, 1764, 565, 64, 17, 2850, 3259, 416, 64, 79, 9, 91, 10, 416, 578, 79, 1603, 91, 10, 18367, 30, 187, 61, 565, 64, 17, 2850, 3259, 611, 64, 79, 611, 578, 79, 2850, 5994, 94, 187, 61, 2609, 92, 89, 768, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 599, 70, 2497, 89, 599, 45, 64, 79, 1743, 1274, 9, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 889, 918, 14411, 89, 10, 187, 61, 2609, 92, 89, 768, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 599, 70, 2497, 89, 599, 45, 578, 79, 2850, 5994, 4799, 1274, 9, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 889, 918, 14411, 89, 10, 187, 9665, 14680, 3005, 578, 9866, 2850, 5994, 8633, 1157, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 2156, 64, 20, 69, 64, 23435, 2138, 835, 370, 18367, 30, 69, 61, 2609, 92, 89, 3363, 380, 14120, 403, 1024, 1677, 407, 669, 4259, 64, 79, 30, 19, 9, 19, 79, 12, 77, 2766, 1124, 92, 20, 1217, 19, 17137, 380, 1921, 323, 534, 253, 2330, 13, 285, 417, 253, 9826, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 5420, 275, 253, 2900, 273, 253, 370, 20, 37, 5, 27957, 310, 326, 253, 12336, 10254, 13, 370, 77, 1366, 4419, 247, 14189, 4764, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 380, 9946, 13112, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 36, 3941, 4894, 2442, 313, 32448, 1386, 582, 370, 55, 9, 83, 4010, 2249, 1124, 92, 32462, 768, 19, 5932, 83, 3363, 380, 3576, 2442, 313, 23706, 1386, 582, 370, 55, 578, 11801, 1603, 83, 4010, 2249, 1124, 92, 32462, 768, 19, 5932, 83, 9213, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 83, 768, 19, 4018, 3797, 253, 16195, 267, 11394, 15, 3856, 370, 32462, 768, 19, 4203, 740, 5, 285, 370, 77, 30, 18, 1352, 1447, 29255, 49016, 36, 3941, 4894, 45662, 29255, 49016, 36, 3941, 4894, 15, 793, 910, 3429, 568, 24, 986, 187, 187, 688, 436, 19087, 359, 1263, 253, 9946, 13112, 13, 534, 310, 247, 767, 14, 2915, 985, 11253, 273, 581, 19025, 285, 581, 6488, 15, 380, 5016, 310, 17886, 407, 253, 34008, 2442, 13, 1764, 1968, 92, 36, 3941, 4894, 29255, 1624, 94, 187, 55, 9, 83, 4010, 2249, 1124, 92, 32462, 768, 19, 5932, 83, 2023, 393, 3362, 1503, 30, 18, 11227, 347, 8653, 275, 2667, 15, 575, 1447, 29255, 49016, 36, 3941, 4894, 4207, 4974, 46306, 253, 6158, 5150, 323, 253, 2442, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 10859, 16104, 4940, 3546, 51, 3851, 5644, 281, 1764, 1968, 92, 14739, 36, 3941, 4894, 94, 187, 2249, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 94, 748, 51, 9, 91, 17637, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 91, 768, 19, 27825, 187, 61, 1124, 92, 19, 1217, 91, 10780, 4259, 61, 918, 10, 416, 9, 91, 4010, 17, 1337, 3362, 1182, 30, 5784, 11227, 835, 253, 2978, 4311, 370, 69, 1366, 556, 644, 6777, 347, 253, 39878, 83, 9941, 13, 370, 69, 30, 73, 63, 19, 16, 1035, 1906, 50276, 70, 63, 19, 4244, 285, 669, 4259, 5, 9572, 323, 669, 4259, 30, 19, 3996, 16, 70, 63, 19, 1352, 844, 403, 1469, 281, 8415, 436, 5150, 407, 2097, 273, 271, 4569, 4778, 19137, 15, 496, 1340, 281, 1089, 352, 359, 806, 1263, 253, 20185, 3879, 273, 253, 5482, 387, 1097, 6510, 285, 23579, 15, 1198, 6486, 370, 91, 5, 253, 6158, 5150, 310, 39406, 35993, 347, 370, 2911, 91, 393, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 599, 51, 9, 91, 17637, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 91, 5960, 374, 428, 187, 61, 4259, 1182, 61, 918, 10, 416, 9, 91, 4010, 17, 11227, 1223, 2822, 253, 6510, 13, 835, 370, 51, 9, 17, 4010, 17, 1366, 285, 370, 18, 16, 91, 14193, 18, 16, 91, 63, 19, 5, 581, 9010, 1764, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 94, 748, 14, 393, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 91, 768, 19, 3080, 918, 10, 416, 9, 91, 1572, 9887, 470, 4700, 380, 6158, 5150, 476, 320, 14042, 407, 247, 1159, 273, 253, 1511, 13, 370, 51, 9, 91, 4010, 91, 768, 85, 3363, 831, 651, 4656, 370, 85, 5, 281, 370, 85, 30, 77, 12, 18, 1366, 285, 370, 85, 11468, 77, 1366, 2975, 15, 380, 1273, 2900, 310, 417, 12207, 984, 352, 310, 417, 6486, 387, 253, 6510, 13, 285, 359, 403, 1669, 342, 253, 806, 581, 15, 10209, 359, 1263, 253, 370, 91, 61, 4287, 61, 3259, 5, 20185, 2900, 15, 496, 436, 1083, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 14739, 36, 3941, 4894, 3851, 4916, 3318, 2249, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 599, 51, 9, 91, 7182, 4259, 416, 9, 91, 11127, 1284, 1048, 347, 359, 1060, 403, 6110, 275, 253, 3033, 3054, 13, 370, 393, 4259, 654, 470, 1366, 534, 8322, 281, 1764, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 18367, 768, 19, 599, 51, 9, 91, 4587, 14766, 4259, 93, 416, 9, 91, 4010, 17, 4700, 380, 6158, 5150, 310, 14042, 407, 370, 51, 9, 91, 4010, 27681, 1743, 2609, 44851, 4259, 1040, 94, 91, 724, 285, 370, 51, 9, 91, 4010, 27681, 12886, 2609, 44851, 4259, 1040, 94, 91, 3363, 1284, 1048, 347, 359, 971, 253, 5149, 1159, 281, 564, 281, 5058, 323, 1781, 370, 91, 1366, 253, 806, 2900, 556, 281, 320, 11511, 15, 10209, 581, 2544, 4903, 275, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 14739, 36, 3941, 4894, 3851, 2556, 281, 3318, 91, 30, 71, 9, 89, 7182, 1124, 92, 89, 2704, 6165, 50276, 2023, 393, 3362, 393, 6165, 50276, 30, 19, 61, 2609, 44851, 4259, 93, 8633, 1157, 187, 61, 3362, 416, 61, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 89, 2704, 6165, 11153, 918, 4010, 72, 9, 89, 13941, 1157, 209, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 21448, 64, 17151, 5267, 2138, 835, 253, 2803, 370, 19, 5, 556, 644, 2668, 323, 16397, 15, 831, 11026, 1764, 1124, 92, 69, 768, 19, 5932, 9665, 768, 19, 94, 748, 72, 9, 89, 17637, 1274, 9, 428, 393, 1124, 92, 77, 9, 77, 12, 18, 9783, 89, 768, 19, 35729, 1124, 92, 18, 94, 187, 464, 2609, 44851, 4259, 24800, 1269, 10780, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 21, 889, 918, 10, 305, 9, 89, 4010, 17, 15, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 89, 64, 19012, 2138, 21525, 715, 2395, 253, 3451, 20185, 3879, 4950, 1840, 13, 253, 2900, 273, 253, 6158, 5150, 476, 320, 8025, 347, 370, 72, 9, 89, 4010, 89, 768, 77, 12, 18, 94, 70, 12886, 1124, 92, 89, 1217, 19, 599, 45, 9, 89, 3822, 496, 906, 13, 581, 23981, 387, 1764, 1968, 92, 14739, 688, 24274, 94, 187, 89, 45, 50101, 89, 38849, 19, 77, 12, 18, 12, 18, 14, 89, 10, 45, 14249, 89, 8744, 45, 9, 89, 1572, 1274, 9, 393, 1124, 92, 18, 94, 187, 464, 2609, 44851, 4259, 1040, 27825, 77, 14, 18, 61, 918, 10, 426, 17, 4615, 11227, 534, 30150, 342, 253, 5150, 3891, 47529, 2582, 20, 3851, 323, 253, 2330, 15184, 10207, 250, 21783, 2530, 669, 1637, 426, 18, 1366, 669, 2461, 426, 19, 77, 12, 18, 1366, 285, 669, 2260, 426, 79, 1352, 2726, 436, 275, 2564, 352, 310, 3477, 281, 12654, 326, 1764, 4259, 578, 13307, 45881, 1124, 92, 18, 18424, 79, 12, 77, 12, 18, 7415, 19, 32964, 4568, 11822, 253, 5426, 273, 11443, 4259, 426, 374, 3996, 16, 70, 63, 19, 17673, 359, 4044, 253, 6637, 347, 1764, 1968, 92, 35515, 41, 10120, 3404, 297, 3378, 79, 94, 187, 38, 578, 13307, 45881, 1124, 92, 70, 768, 21, 889, 1906, 1217, 19, 61, 13861, 63, 551, 19, 1603, 79, 12, 77, 12, 18, 7415, 19, 32964, 2058, 326, 3924, 581, 13067, 370, 47, 30, 79, 12, 77, 12, 18, 5, 347, 253, 8624, 6318, 1180, 13, 285, 36683, 326, 1223, 370, 79, 5, 476, 320, 667, 1327, 14, 12373, 7007, 13, 253, 12336, 10254, 310, 11096, 281, 247, 6486, 1180, 273, 2193, 2556, 281, 370, 77, 30, 47, 14, 18, 14, 79, 1366, 3318, 77, 30, 17, 13, 18, 13, 19, 22561, 427, 14, 18, 4700, 496, 1055, 13, 581, 9010, 253, 973, 1929, 44877, 6127, 275, 253, 6637, 273, 253, 9946, 13112, 13, 370, 38, 578, 13307, 45881, 1124, 92, 70, 768, 21, 889, 1906, 1217, 19, 61, 13861, 768, 19, 94, 47, 768, 19, 12460, 4495, 326, 669, 6165, 370, 7024, 327, 370, 79, 1352, 380, 2900, 323, 253, 14599, 5150, 209, 575, 7748, 14739, 688, 24274, 3851, 310, 840, 7945, 347, 1764, 1124, 92, 72, 9, 89, 9783, 89, 889, 8275, 209, 187, 61, 4144, 578, 79, 298, 1603, 89, 4010, 36, 578, 79, 298, 94, 1269, 768, 77, 94, 70, 12886, 1124, 92, 89, 1217, 19, 599, 45, 4932, 19, 77, 12, 18, 20669, 47, 14, 77, 14, 18, 1603, 89, 16489, 835, 897, 556, 644, 1160, 273, 6354, 15, 575, 7748, 4612, 8616, 14 ]

type in Eq. (\[substi\]) in so far as $$g(x)= N_n \sqrt{x^{\beta }e^{-x}}L(x) /\sqrt{\frac{d}{dx}\sqrt{x}},$$ where one recognizes the square root of the weight function of the associated Laguerre polynomials in front of $L(x)$. The difference between $N_n$ and $K_n$ accounts for possible constants emerging from the inverse of the derivative of $f(x)$. In effect, one arrives at $$xL''(x)+(\beta+1-x)L'(x)+\left( \frac{4\beta^{2}-4l(l+1)-1}{4x}+ \frac{\epsilon}{4} -\frac{\beta}{2}-\frac{1}{2} \right)L(x)=0. \label{Lag_1}$$ Now we make use of the freedom in $\beta$ to nullify the singularity by setting $\beta= l+ \frac{1}{2}$ and thus, we are left with the equation for the associated Laguerre polynomials, equation (\[lagRaposo\]). Therefore $$\frac{\epsilon}{4} -\frac{\beta}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=n, \quad 4\beta^{2}-4l(l+1)-1=0, \label{Lag_2}$$ allows to identify Eq. (\[Lag\_1\]) with the equation for the associated Laguerre polynomials, $$xL''_{n}(x)+(l+\frac{1}{2}+1-x)L'_{n}(x)+nL_{n}(x)=0, \label{Lag_3}$$ whose solutions are $L_{n}(x)= L^{\left( l+\frac{1}{2}\right)}_{n}(x)$. In effect, the radial part of the Schrödinger wave function for the $3D$ oscillator is given as $$g_n(x)=N_n\sqrt{x^{l+\frac{1}{2}}e^{-x}}L_n^{\left(l+\frac{1}{2}\right)}(x) /\sqrt{\frac{d}{dx} \sqrt{x}}.$$ Back to the $z$ variable, the Schrödinger wave function is now obtained in its final form as $$\psi_n(z)=\frac{R(z)}{z}= K_n z^{l}e^{-\frac{z^{2}}{2}}L^{(l+\frac{1}{2})}_{n}(z^{2}).$$ The orthogonality integral between the wave functions recovers the orthogonality between the Laguerre polynomials according to $$\int_0^\infty R_n(z) R_{n}(z)dz= \int_0^\infty K_n K_{n^\prime} \sqrt{x^{l+\frac{1}{2}}e^{-x}}L_n^{\left(l+\frac{1}{2}\right)}(x) \sqrt{x^{l+\frac{1}{2}}e^{-x}}L_{n^\prime}^{\left(l+\frac{1}{2}\right)}(x) dx =\delta_{nn^\prime}\, , \label{orth_3d_HO}$$ where $dz=d\sqrt{x}$. The energies are now given by $\epsilon_n=2(2n+l+\frac{3}{2})$. The reason for which the associated, and not the ordinary Laguerre polynomials appeared in the solution of the $3D$ oscillator is that the angular momentum, $l$, requires a polynomial parameter. ### The hydrogen atom. ![Coulomb potential (dashed line), $V(r)=-\frac{Ze^{2}}{r}$. The effective potential (solid line), $V_{eff}(r)=-\frac{Ze^{2}}{r}+\frac{l(l+1)}{r^{2}}$ includes the centrifugal barrier. Here $Ze^{2}=10$ and $l=1$.\[PotencialCoulomb\]](PotencialCoulomb.ps){width="7"} In this subsection we study the hydrogen atom, which is a two-body system consisting of one proton and one electron. The interaction is governed by the Coulomb potential, $$\label{CoulombPotential} V(r)=-\frac{Ze^{2}}{r}, \quad Z=1,$$ as displayed in Fig. \[PotencialCoulomb\]. Substituting the latter equation for the potential in Eq. (\[SchrodingerEnR\]) leads to $$\label{EqCoulomb} -\frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2} }R(z)+\left( \frac{l(l+1)}{z^{2}}- \frac{2}{z}-\epsilon\right) R(z)=0,\quad z=rd,$$ where the length scale $d$, has been chosen as the Bohr radius, $d=h^2/(\mu e^2)$, and $\epsilon$ stands for $\epsilon=2Ed/e^2$. We are going to solve this equation by means of an appropriate variable substitution. In order to find it we first study the asymptotic behavior of the solutions at both origin and infinity. For finite $z$ the latter equation is equivalently rewritten as $$-z \frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2}}R(z)+\left( \frac{l(l+1)}{z}- 2 - \epsilon z\right) R(z)=0,$$ while near the origin, where $R(0)=0$, and $1/z<<1/z^2$ one finds $$\left( \frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2} }- \frac{l(l+1)}{z^{2}}\right) R(z)\approx 0.$$ The latter equation can be solved by a function of the type, $R(z)=z^{t}$. This would restrict $t$ to $t=l+1$, and $t=-l$, respectively. The second solution is not acceptable because it is not finite at the origin, and we are left with the first one. Next we study the $z\rightarrow\infty$ asymptotic solution. In this case Eq. (\[EqCoulomb\]) becomes $$-\frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2}}R(z)=\epsilon R(z).$$ As long as we here are interested in the bound states, $ \epsilon < 0$, which amounts to $$\frac{d^{2}}{dz^{2}}R(z)- |\epsilon| R(z)=0.$$ The latter equation is solved by $R(z)=Ce^{\sqrt{|\epsilon |}z}$ and $R(z)=Ce^{-\sqrt{|\epsilon |}z}$. As long as we want the wave function to go to zero for large $z$, the first solution has to be dismissed. Next one changes variables in Eq. (\[EqCoulomb\]) according to $$z=f(x)=\frac{x}{\kappa }, \quad \kappa =2\sqrt{|\epsilon|}\, , \quad R\left( \frac{x}{\kappa }\right)=g(x)\, , \label{fx_Hydr}$$ where the factor $2$ has been taken for convenience. This yields $$\frac{d^{2}}{dx^{2} }g(x)+\left( - \frac{l(l+1)}{x^{2}}+\frac{1} {\sqrt{|\epsilon|} x}-\frac{1}{4}\right) g(x)=0. \label{x_factor}$$ Taking into account the correct asymptotic behavior revealed above, the solution of the latter equation can be assumed as $g(x)=x^{l+1}e^{-\frac{x}{2}}L(x)$. In result, one arrives at $$\label{EqInRs} xL''(x)+(2l+1+1-x)L'(x)+L(x)\left( \frac{1} {\sqrt{|\epsilon |}}-l-1\right) =0\,,$$ which coincides with the equation (\[Lag\_3\]) for the associated Laguerre polynomials provided $\alpha =1$, $\beta =2l+1$, and $\lambda =n$. With this in mind it is easy to verify that $$\epsilon_{nl}=-\frac{1}{(n+l+1)^{2}}.$$ Recalling the definition of ($\epsilon = 2Ed/e^2$), we obtain the spectrum as $$\label{EnergyHydAtomWithn} E_{nl}=-\frac{e^{4}\mu}{2\hbar^ {2}(n+l+1)^{2}}.$$ At that stage one defines $N=n+l+1$ as the principal quantum number, and realizes that while $n$ can be any non-negative integer, the angular momentum is restricted to a finite number of values according to $l=N-1-n$, $$l=0,1,2,..., N-1.$$ In effect, one finds the well known degeneracy patterns in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom, $E_{nl}=-\frac{e^{4}\mu}{2\hbar^{2}N^{2}}$, meaning that $\kappa $ depends on $n$. The solution for the radial equation (\[EqInRs\]) is then concluded as $$\frac{g(x)}{x}\equiv \psi_{n l}(x)=C_{n l} x^{l}e^{-\frac{x}{2}}L^{(2l+1)}_{N-l-1}(x),$$ where use has been made of Eq. (\[DefPsi-

[ 6809, 481, 187, 187, 1394, 457, 620, 4366, 627, 310, 773, 11387, 668, 390, 773, 3074, 668, 4438, 15, 844, 971, 281, 3297, 1561, 9872, 984, 359, 971, 281, 3037, 670, 20721, 13, 417, 253, 2571, 15, 3954, 359, 812, 897, 253, 7879, 8990, 281, 2086, 33866, 6184, 247, 12190, 273, 941, 533, 359, 651, 452, 281, 861, 598, 323, 2289, 10149, 3966, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 457, 84, 816, 513, 352, 253, 3158, 285, 3477, 1039, 323, 1024, 15, 11075, 41684, 1066, 253, 3186, 3239, 8479, 747, 1543, 281, 320, 10607, 15, 3771, 1978, 41684, 323, 247, 1048, 1223, 1919, 368, 452, 1142, 7223, 273, 8692, 15, 187, 187, 4125, 897, 247, 3158, 36408, 273, 16872, 281, 10013, 253, 15975, 2505, 323, 5162, 15, 12278, 1527, 253, 16872, 9667, 275, 634, 9882, 313, 30936, 14, 16956, 14, 43, 275, 21722, 481, 367, 4740, 436, 275, 285, 2315, 10871, 27, 187, 187, 5, 313, 29996, 85, 8775, 14, 1156, 8, 13441, 3711, 313, 1159, 6734, 551, 1091, 370, 964, 13970, 313, 370, 313, 436, 13441, 2505, 313, 1228, 3706, 748, 13441, 755, 22193, 6604, 313, 346, 187, 187, 3, 2387, 187, 187, 1785, 306, 4052, 29484, 84, 187, 187, 10004, 512, 253, 3453, 285, 5321, 352, 281, 247, 1873, 15, 844, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 4908, 4495, 432, 436, 2505, 15, 18741, 326, 359, 971, 253, 5667, 5083, 6221, 3304, 594, 359, 878, 281, 5386, 3000, 534, 651, 36815, 432, 390, 35689, 253, 17718, 15, 23017, 285, 1408, 253, 1563, 8135, 6001, 327, 634, 1873, 281, 5386, 2936, 5200, 13, 11771, 13283, 14610, 13, 285, 1214, 14, 420, 621, 15, 187, 187, 43511, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 346, 84, 49033, 3202, 259, 12, 60, 1157, 3202, 964, 3202, 3736, 12114, 1163, 6038, 605, 72, 3, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 49033, 61, 88, 23547, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 21225, 61, 88, 12, 60, 19049, 4880, 865, 34417, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 21225, 61, 88, 23547, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 16, 14985, 15, 16705, 5180, 5032, 12, 1380, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 16, 14985, 15, 16705, 5180, 5032, 23547, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 16, 3614, 18346, 5180, 5032, 12, 1380, 72, 8, 370, 18, 591, 77, 428, 81, 428, 74, 428, 70, 686, 84, 16, 3614, 18346, 5180, 5032, 23547, 605, 72, 8, 370, 18, 187, 187, 1231, 457, 620, 897, 253, 416, 10717, 3448, 281, 1408, 9400, 5481, 949, 14310, 290, 47340, 1876, 4341, 313, 45, 4877, 481, 3856, 403, 253, 7437, 273, 2127, 281, 10173, 731, 15, 187, 187, 6407, 3301, 253, 28311, 13, 581, 327, 1016, 1386, 15, 1583, 588, 1016, 320, 2783, 1355, 773, 47878, 668, 323, 9400, 5481, 13, 285, 403, 1691, 2366, 715, 247, 773, 49017, 316, 1425, 187, 187, 17921, 313, 8456, 46788, 10, 6335, 313, 20583, 10, 28311, 12630, 1213, 9148, 313, 1239, 34320, 313, 17882, 3967, 16, 936, 16, 85, 664, 1507, 15, 10134, 8, 12062, 346, 187, 187, 3, 2387, 15098, 12630, 9537, 316, 313, 17811, 7781, 313, 85, 664, 1507, 1228, 187, 187, 1992, 15338, 16656, 2346, 1624, 10575, 359, 588, 5386, 3523, 3000, 13, 1355, 3000, 285, 643, 843, 902, 316, 15, 380, 5780, 3000, 403, 8424, 1314, 15, 187, 187, 7064, 78, 15, 8519, 12630, 1618, 313, 281, 12973, 426, 24420, 1157, 5386, 49, 10593, 2368, 426, 24420, 1157, 5386, 45972, 426, 24420, 1157, 3523, 12113, 426, 260, 313, 3523, 12113, 313, 346, 6955, 5757, 3, 12062, 3523, 12113, 313, 346, 257, 3, 2387, 582, 45030, 426, 24420, 1157, 3159, 10830, 84, 426, 260, 313, 495, 1157, 346, 2050, 3, 12062, 42428, 426, 2801, 53, 71, 10, 187, 187, 9301, 359, 1924, 253, 1307, 37102, 591, 3389, 275, 247, 23507, 4315, 285, 873, 598, 3602, 15, 831, 310, 247, 773, 22738, 14, 1171, 14, 12113, 668, 2746, 326, 35136, 253, 28146, 273, 14683, 15, 187, 187, 1033, 10788, 15, 7064, 78, 12630, 15027, 18919, 18507, 313, 49017, 13, 1453, 426, 19641, 78, 15, 8519, 10, 19641, 78, 12630, 347, 15, 6674, 313, 1033, 10788, 15, 7064, 78, 10, 966, 313, 7064, 78, 10, 12630, 346, 18743, 3, 11571, 357, 12630, 23507, 15, 7064, 78, 370, 3317, 7886, 370, 26746, 1852, 45947, 690, 9990, 2905, 281, 253, 941, 873, 27, 399, 12630, 2978, 313, 49017, 10, 1852, 1180, 273, 7177, 411, 12630, 2978, 313, 87, 406, 357, 10, 1852, 1180, 273, 2426, 275, 253, 11571, 357, 5474, 15, 3985, 12630, 4194, 52, 7640, 313, 7064, 78, 10, 1852, 1180, 273, 21761, 591, 3389, 427, 12630, 2020, 313, 7152, 15, 3985, 10, 1852, 2264, 1180, 273, 21761, 275, 253, 941, 1307, 15, 18163, 12630, 847, 52, 7640, 313, 7064, 78, 10, 1852, 11383, 273, 2426, 275, 253, 20689, 1852, 353, 42970, 285, 1566, 25184, 3602, 27, 611, 12630, 1384, 443, 12630, 29067, 9765, 12630, 470, 15, 2640, 1162, 66, 12630, 470, 15, 2640, 187, 187, 11888, 253, 1307, 11383, 359, 3177, 281, 1089, 9959, 390, 3000, 326, 5257, 281, 820, 14, 30714, 15, 831, 310, 253, 629, 326, 1663, 22649, 12989, 275, 28311, 15, 187, 187, 4, 40632, 253, 1566, 27, 6335, 313, 392, 66, 10, 298, 1473, 15, 5423, 12630, 826, 377, 314, 313, 337, 1163, 295, 736, 313, 7064, 78, 582, 1159, 313, 74, 10, 551, 5474, 41122, 12630, 246, 313, 7064, 78, 60, 74, 13, 3291, 1978, 398, 12630, 5474, 41122, 2239, 470, 391, 13245, 313, 313, 470, 1163, 313, 295, 2052, 313, 7064, 78, 10, 428, 337, 39705, 60, 39160, 1092, 246, 313, 7064, 78, 60, 74, 13, 3291, 60, 39160, 62, 2387, 748, 2387, 4944, 12630, 298, 1473, 15, 14641, 13395, 15, 72, 487, 1768, 15, 22163, 17407, 313, 7177, 426, 298, 1473, 15, 5423, 13, 611, 426, 611, 13, 11571, 357, 426, 11571, 357, 13, 930, 15, 2562, 569, 426, 443, 13, 9765, 426, 9765, 13, 1162, 66, 426, 1162, 66, 13, 3302, 426, 5812, 1157, 5451, 249, 426, 470, 1157, 11897, 15, 2808, 15, 7513, 10202, 426, 24420, 2387, 187, 187, 10971, 10358, 253, 9400, 1566, 715, 271, 18366, 24426, 326, 359, 588, 9186, 342, 776, 1966, 30328, 15, 187, 187, 3124, 12630, 246, 313, 4647, 313, 8491, 370, 3389, 64, 2204, 84, 559, 9765, 13, 374, 1157, 1159, 313, 89, 10, 1269, 1227, 2020, 313, 89, 10689, 815, 74, 12630, 246, 313, 4647, 313, 246, 313, 8491, 370, 12989, 10, 559, 1162, 66, 13, 374, 1157, 1159, 313, 89, 10, 1269, 1227, 2020, 313, 89, 10689, 6335, 313, 45, 4877, 4534, 10, 1852, 2794, 253, 13922, 1789, 281, 3997, 253, 24426, 27, 14113, 12630, 2794, 17635, 313, 815, 74, 426, 815, 74, 13, 39116, 426, 39116, 13, 5474, 15, 3985, 426, 5474, 15, 3985, 13, 11571, 357, 426, 11571, 357, 13, 1307, 15, 18163, 426, 1307, 15, 18163, 10, 1151, 10395, 313, 8456, 10, 187, 187, 4769, 323, 253, 794, 15, 3856, 457, 84, 247, 37617, 273, 253, 12989, 5189, 275, 1755, 28311, 1907, 253, 1852, 2203, 41035, 356, 15, 309, 452, 4236, 9400, 1180, 655, 281, 923, 253, 4294, 273, 253, 3000, 3304, 15, 17766, 309, 873, 253, 17200, 7982, 32968, 1698, 281, 2770, 327, 3000, 326, 403, 10879, 14288, 275, 253, 9400, 2581, 685, 10879, 275, 253, 20689, 347, 247, 2644, 15, 187, 187, 7992, 25031, 45734, 187, 187, 510, 12989, 476, 320, 8921, 15, 1310, 597, 403, 1512, 29784, 285, 8921, 352, 3164, 2097, 253, 941, 369, 417, 10481, 22269, 390, 253, 3410, 369, 1512, 1355, 15, 1292, 253, 625, 368, 1007, 18893, 9050, 253, 625, 368, 457, 620, 923, 247, 2238, 273, 14165, 9317, 387, 789, 8871, 562, 3000, 342, 247, 12264, 5533, 15, 187, 187, 3404, 436, 1127, 253, 11333, 452, 2218, 616, 2628, 285, 352, 310, 673, 323, 441, 281, 320, 10995, 347, 7497, 15, 1281, 479, 2940, 368, 949, 849, 309, 1160, 3282, 273, 253, 12989, 323, 253, 1852, 2203, 41035, 356, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 1016, 5189, 9400, 309, 457, 620, 1618, 253, 2022, 3159, 13, 253, 10450, 309, 15629, 342, 253, 9400, 13, 285, 253, 643, 2201, 3000, 3304, 326, 18107, 619, 6803, 15, 187, 187, 510, 806, 313, 3125, 13859, 10, 9400, 310, 260, 1432, 311, 272, 952, 281, 1611, 941, 3580, 15, 733, 35520, 253, 11990, 285, 3158, 1255, 13, 285, 849, 253, 2900, 588, 773, 25919, 668, 1841, 13, 1056, 368, 38144, 13, 285, 7001, 70, 634, 12145, 15, 5718, 13, 2285, 13, 1924, 13, 6194, 13, 19444, 13, 9678, 13, 1959, 13, 4076, 13, 5004, 13, 2813, 13, 8644, 13, 3158, 13, 12145, 13, 38144, 187, 187, 5872, 359, 452, 253, 313, 20027, 35573, 10, 9400, 13, 512, 670, 13201, 272, 17057, 285, 1943, 2567, 22898, 15, 5347, 13, 13201, 13, 18875, 13, 36620, 13, 923, 6426, 13, 2954, 13, 9469, 13, 27776, 13, 17899, 13, 701, 13, 5352, 13, 4021, 13, 3187, 187, 187, 510, 313, 14609, 5915, 1042, 10, 9400, 13330, 342, 326, 14731, 533, 671, 342, 1327, 14, 2163, 12745, 5511, 5511, 13, 37598, 13, 385, 735, 13, 3186, 13, 3984, 13, 3048, 13, 24190, 13, 2972, 13, 13630, 13, 8028, 13, 3159, 13, 6335, 13, 5931, 13, 4498, 13, 9798, 13, 9400, 13, 3379, 187, 187, 8836, 7664, 670, 941, 13, 285, 253, 313, 37168, 16319, 10, 9400, 310, 2120, 273, 6152, 8364, 13, 3988, 10953, 3013, 13, 285, 849, 1199, 352, 4815, 441, 512, 15, 6152, 13, 4352, 13, 18230, 13, 6254, 13, 12980, 254, 13, 4665, 13, 1966, 13, 3120, 13, 8171, 13, 8119, 13, 10309, 13, 9238, 13, 6363, 13, 2105, 187, 187, 4527, 2282, 368, 476, 457, 85, 452, 1852, 2203, 1293, 313, 35, 2431, 481, 25998, 359, 457, 250, 773, 69, 31041, 668, 275, 352, 285, 352, 457, 84, 247, 2336, 7116, 773, 48212, 1806, 533, 773, 88, 319, 668, 352, 310, 594, 1943, 15, 4491, 13, 14593, 13, 3986, 13, 2389, 13, 2118, 13, 277, 2924, 13, 6874, 13, 22964, 13, 39361, 187, 187, 510, 313, 2795, 13766, 4037, 7400, 10, 9400, 13330, 342, 8113, 285, 2502, 14, 12022, 19414, 275, 253, 17836, 15, 1422, 476, 417, 760, 1488, 2134, 941, 13, 368, 476, 320, 247, 941, 6963, 15, 4328, 14, 3169, 13, 8474, 13, 4647, 13, 574, 24318, 13, 1287, 13, 9302, 13, 16263, 13, 16518, 13, 878, 13, 1488, 2134, 13, 8113, 13, 24799, 13, 9580, 13, 6963, 13, 7368, 13, 18794, 13, 3511, 13, 1900, 13, 17836, 13, 2502, 187, 187, 5872, 359, 452, 313, 7941, 5543, 52, 10, 285, 616, 2330, 4517, 3000, 15, 6491, 971, 281, 2281, 731, 285, 1056, 7089, 15, 2281, 13, 4517, 13, 3135, 13, 7060, 13, 5956, 13, 3998, 13, 3061, 13, 11723, 13, 2770, 13, 2032, 13, 2173, 13, 5233, 13, 6617, 13, 5145, 13, 12232, 13, 1557, 13, 11104, 13, 2469, 13, 4760, 13, 4833, 13, 3110, 187, 187, 7161, 284, 5107, 369, 670, 10995, 11182, 285, 1612, 13, 313, 2350, 55, 5656, 7669, 10, 310, 625, 670, 17279, 4628, 15, 329, 15, 76, 15, 66, 15, 4274, 3938, 272, 38671, 13, 5277, 9172, 13, 285, 3483, 3006, 15, 16230, 13, 13296, 13, 9865, 13, 9868, 13, 7236, 13, 3662, 13, 941, 14, 17477, 13, 9092, 13, 751, 13, 12085, 13, 3772, 13, 9305, 13, 2740, 13, 872, 301, 13, 1448, 400, 13, 3483, 74, 13, 2899, 13, 5127, 74, 13, 5981, 187, 187, 37188, 253, 7681, 7794, 359, 452, 313, 1843, 33044, 10, 12739, 15, 28856, 4817, 390, 5339, 13, 6382, 1005, 670, 24589, 285, 39063, 15, 4481, 13, 1569, 13, 2312, 26209, 13, 13398, 13, 5649, 13, 10838, 74, 13, 5321, 13, 15661, 13, 2098, 13, 14568, 1792, 13, 42347, 13, 13791, 13, 5159, 13, 1509, 13, 4549, 13, 17119, 13, 18622, 13, 2965, 13, 1685, 13, 2983, 2756, 187, 29758, 318, 5761, 9872, 982, 4561, 407, 418, 4877, 10313, 8921, 13, 4536, 12264, 10291, 275, 28311, 15, 187, 187, 2513, 436, 17854, 32, 15997, 1199, 594, 15, 1292, 309, 717, 12203, 323, 36703, 6611, 267, 15975, 5289, 13, 285, 690, 12989, 476, 320, 9648, 38662, 15, 309, 452, 1408, 436, 1232 ]

tag). You’ll notice there is “Top” or “All” mode. We want to stay within Top because we want to learn about winners, not the others. Now we could use the Twitter API to programmatically download a bunch of data but we would have to sign up for access keys etc. Let’s just do it the quick and easy way for now. Start scrolling down the search page causing new results to be loaded. Just keep scrolling for a long while until you have many pages of info. Now use a quick snippet of JavaScript to grab the tweet text for processing. Pop open the JavaScript console in your browser (Cmd-Option-J in Chrome). Paste this in and press Enter: $ ( '.tweet-text' ). map ( function () { return $ . trim ( $ ( this ). text ()) ; } ). get (). join ( " " ) Revealing Patterns Select all the output and save it to a file. We’re going to extract meaning from this text. Remember that we want the essential truth contained inside so we need to remove words which would distract from or skew the essence. Save and run the following shell script on your file to remove urls, competing hash tags, and @-mentions. perl -p -i -e "s/@ \\ w+[ , \\ . \\ ? \" :']//g" $1 perl -p -i -e 's/@\w+$//g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/#\w+[ ,\.\?":]//g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/#\w+$//g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/pic.twitter[^ ]+ //g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/pic.twitter[^ ]+$//g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/https?:[^ ]+ //g' $1 perl -p -i -e 's/https?:[^ ]+$//g' $1 We’ll use the R programming language to run topic detection through Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Here are the pieces of code to calculate them. First load the tweets, one on each line. They will each be considered small “documents” for topic detection, and are put together into a “corpus.” library (jsonlite) library (tm) tweets <- strsplit ( readLines ( '/path/to/tweets.txt' ), " " ) corp <- Corpus ( VectorSource (tweets)) To minimize inconsequential variations we will remove stop words, small words and other detritus. The remaining words are stemmed. dtm.control <- list ( tolower = TRUE , removePunctuation = TRUE , removeNumbers = TRUE , stopwords = c ( stopwords ( "SMART" ), stopwords ( "en" )), stemming = TRUE , wordLengths = c ( 3 , "inf" ), weighting = weightTf) Next we record the term occurrences per document in a sparse matrix and set up parameters. This is a “bag-of-words” approach that ignores the grammar of sentences. sparse.dtm <- DocumentTermMatrix (corp, control = dtm.control) dtm <- as.matrix (sparse.dtm) class (dtm) <- "integer" vocab <- sparse.dtm $ dimnames $ Terms # Compute some statistics related to the data set: D <- length (corp) # number of documents W <- length (vocab) # number of terms in the vocab doc.length <- rowSums (dtm) # number of tokens per document N <- sum (doc.length) # total number of tokens in the data term.frequency <- colSums (dtm) # frequencies of terms in the corpus # MCMC and model tuning parameters: K <- 20 G <- 5000 alpha <- 0.02 eta <- 0.02 Using the term frequencies we attempt to find clusters or words that tend to co-occur. This is the part that really identifies topics in tweets. # Fit the model: library (lda) lda.input <- lapply ( 1 : nrow (dtm), function (i) { docfreq <- t (dtm[i,]) keepers <- docfreq > 0 rbind ( ( 0 : ( ncol (dtm) - 1 ))[keepers], t (dtm[i,])[keepers] ) } ) fit <- lda.collapsed.gibbs.sampler ( documents = lda.input, K = K, vocab = vocab, num.iterations = G, alpha = alpha, eta = eta, initial = NULL , burnin = 0 , compute.log.likelihood = TRUE ) Finally plug the topic model into an interactive visualization that we will examine with our human intuition. theta <- t ( apply (fit $ document_sums + alpha, 2 , function (x) x / sum (x))) phi <- t ( apply ( t (fit $ topics) + eta, 2 , function (x) x / sum (x))) library (LDAvis) # create the JSON object to feed the visualization: json <- createJSON ( phi = phi, theta = theta, doc.length = doc.length, vocab = vocab, term.frequency = term.frequency) serVis (json) Time for the fun. Here’s a screenshot of the topics detected in top tweets having the #data hashtag. I have selected topic number 19 to see the frequency of the words inside. Notice I set the relevance metric slider low to focus on words that are frequent exclusively in the topic rather than frequent in the corpus as a whole. Extracting Meaning The topics can be strange. If they are too chaotic and strange it probably means the data was not sufficiently cleaned or the sample was too small. But the more you look coherent categories the more you’ll see a kind of alien logic at work picking out words with a psychological bond. At this point the algorithms have done their job and it is time for us to be creative as humans. Let me walk you through how I made sense of the topics for the #data hashtag. For each detected topic I’ll list the main word, the feelings I associate with the topic, and the other major words inside that guided my assessment. The first (TRIAL) topic is cajoling people to try data products. It emphasizes the ease and quickness, and how the solution will “unlock” things, make you smarter, and amaze your boss. storage, team, record, train, unlock, sport, free, clean, bottom, device, amazing, quick, boss, smarter Then we have the (CAPITAL) topic, all about disrupting industries and big company speculation. capital, disrupt, venture, checkout, seeker, relationship, patent, airline, google, bet, fresh, double, fund The (BITCOIN) topic deals with that currency but also with non-monetary communication communication, blah, exvers, search, speak, link, bitcoin, block, discount, listen, word, library, chain, song, teach, topic, print People worry about data, and the (BREACH) topic is full of credit cards, security compromises, and how much it costs us all. credit, hit, compromise, driver, uber, interpret, human, card, replace, commission, hardware, neutral, pool, cost Of course you can’t have #data without (BIG). Apparently we’re “drowning” in it and it’s a veritable “lake,” but “wow” it is so big. industry, lake, reach, love, move, drown, session, loyalty, wow The (OPPORTUNITY) topic deals with vision and red-hot engineers in the valley. You can not only wrangle data, you can be a data king. location-based, senior, apply, hadoop, develop, succeed, hire, engineer, need, wrangle, vision, creator, gather, king, cluster, kingdom, hot, always, valley, red Then we have (BRANDS) and their associated trust words. People want to rate them and make decisions. rate, trust, begin, smart, comfort, brain, decision, healthcare, focus, true, specific, rapid, crime, machine, vital, care, attribute, past, player, influence, patient Whereas opportunity was about creative struggle and power, (ADVANTAGE) is more about reassurance. A.k.a. debunking myths, providing answers, and strategizing. advertis, myth, valuable, password, fuel, answer, data-driven, tip, like, competitive, autom, raw, break, provid, deliv, strategi, integr, analysi, format Beyond the technical aspects we have (LEGAL) implications. Laws passed or killed, policities about encryption and telecommunications. phone, law, talktalk, combine, benefit, energi, save, stolen, plan, summari, encrypt, communicate, kill, pass, appeal, backup, transit, fall, bus, attack Observation Two Topics generated by LDA reveal strange, sometimes psychological connections in tweets. Is this subjective? Very much so. But I am searching for archetypal tweet structures, and some topics can be fairly conclusive. I have run this process

[ 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 7332, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 68, 2861, 10719, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 19875, 88, 11732, 1838, 9679, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 81, 30183, 10689, 187, 186, 2309, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 37, 89, 9270, 24921, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 260, 7676, 373, 1041, 540, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 37, 89, 9270, 24921, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 68, 7676, 373, 1041, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 19877, 280, 27229, 43123, 31325, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 288, 67, 2503, 388, 14609, 13820, 13, 268, 431, 8975, 475, 34415, 13, 19858, 52, 1433, 17466, 4770, 1237, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 19877, 280, 27229, 43123, 31325, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 38057, 2503, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 377, 85, 8975, 9679, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 52, 1433, 17466, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 19877, 280, 1044, 3561, 32012, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 288, 67, 2503, 388, 14609, 13820, 13, 19858, 52, 1433, 17466, 4770, 1237, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 19877, 280, 1044, 3561, 32012, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 38057, 2503, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 52, 1433, 17466, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 25582, 17986, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 268, 25582, 18246, 475, 14279, 46, 64, 42706, 3489, 64, 24289, 2025, 6117, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 25582, 17986, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 81, 25582, 18246, 10689, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 4531, 12205, 11756, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 19858, 11756, 4770, 1237, 13, 268, 87, 11756, 418, 5077, 24859, 1838, 13, 34795, 11756, 4770, 1237, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 4531, 12205, 11756, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 11756, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 45270, 11756, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 11316, 11756, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 14422, 21056, 9, 23985, 11732, 1838, 4770, 1237, 13, 299, 14422, 21056, 20091, 46, 64, 5648, 4290, 5707, 7656, 1647, 10, 551, 187, 186, 21299, 37, 28386, 14422, 21056, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 11732, 1838, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 70, 14422, 21056, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 53, 7851, 21056, 9, 23985, 11732, 1838, 4770, 1237, 13, 269, 27265, 7301, 13, 31048, 53, 7851, 19784, 7999, 10, 551, 187, 186, 21299, 37, 28386, 53, 7851, 21056, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 23985, 11732, 1838, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 30342, 1992, 30529, 9, 71, 27265, 9679, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 6395, 431, 53, 7851, 10689, 187, 186, 2309, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 39512, 22585, 264, 12205, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 44769, 6577, 13, 2303, 20091, 46, 3125, 19038, 13190, 64, 15122, 1703, 37058, 4290, 64, 31613, 10, 551, 187, 186, 21299, 37, 28386, 39512, 22585, 264, 12205, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 56, 2109, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 7831, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 2447, 15905, 1044, 3561, 32012, 9, 73, 1044, 3561, 32012, 2618, 388, 3886, 5529, 35, 1322, 3077, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 2447, 15905, 1044, 3561, 32012, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 1044, 3561, 32012, 2618, 1228, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4997, 399, 28386, 11241, 1044, 3561, 32012, 18401, 9, 73, 1044, 3561, 32012, 2618, 388, 3886, 5529, 35, 1322, 3077, 13, 268, 14543, 18401, 475, 14279, 46, 64, 3886, 5529, 35, 1322, 3077, 64, 32969, 6366, 9785, 10, 10728, 46119, 551, 187, 186, 1221, 13, 13830, 795, 3843, 15613, 37, 28386, 11241, 1044, 3561, 32012, 18401, 15, 7865, 9, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 73, 1044, 3561, 32012, 2618, 582, 996, 186, 8531, 4773, 9, 18939, 15, 11732, 9, 431, 79, 18401, 10689, 187, 186, 2309, 10728, 46119, 9, 1221, 10, 187, 94, 187, 1552, 3929, 310, 271, 32491, 432, 39628, 25181, 953, 13, 619, 1457, 2816, 7717, 1682, 23708, 1984, 15, 187, 187, 47277, 13454, 15799, 3916, 326, 253, 1682, 1039, 281, 5115, 752, 359, 971, 275, 1495, 1128, 35777, 715, 1805, 5281, 13, 3652, 247, 5547, 2136, 13, 32196, 625, 285, 29124, 1679, 13, 9100, 625, 673, 342, 3858, 285, 2021, 1128, 261, 281, 873, 2173, 13, 49353, 7342, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 1142, 1107, 13, 436, 369, 849, 309, 13781, 619, 16964, 1512, 15, 5815, 581, 369, 247, 4736, 281, 320, 4925, 15, 309, 873, 7342, 323, 253, 23129, 309, 3078, 281, 755, 275, 2143, 13, 323, 253, 13461, 309, 3078, 281, 8488, 275, 253, 17409, 13, 323, 253, 16256, 309, 3078, 281, 6233, 275, 2136, 15, 309, 17288, 387, 247, 1643, 13, 533, 309, 4242, 387, 247, 2257, 273, 731, 15, 25010, 13, 309, 3407, 281, 8968, 326, 619, 1543, 574, 1077, 1652, 281, 513, 342, 253, 7342, 309, 873, 285, 4829, 3253, 281, 513, 342, 253, 2718, 309, 3560, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 247, 8690, 13, 634, 4736, 1537, 320, 281, 3330, 247, 15730, 15, 5402, 985, 310, 253, 1039, 368, 12438, 3773, 13, 8722, 634, 13372, 19418, 13, 285, 2589, 3946, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 271, 23721, 13, 634, 4736, 1537, 320, 281, 1973, 247, 3041, 14, 35523, 2136, 15, 5402, 985, 310, 849, 368, 1071, 1885, 5697, 13, 16263, 6171, 13, 285, 1408, 9137, 18120, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 247, 26650, 13, 634, 4736, 1537, 320, 281, 1132, 247, 747, 5313, 15, 5402, 985, 310, 849, 2223, 368, 3946, 13, 849, 368, 2740, 1066, 285, 18915, 2834, 5593, 13, 285, 634, 1332, 323, 6883, 8680, 432, 634, 30498, 15, 187, 187, 4125, 323, 253, 4722, 1953, 27, 604, 368, 4336, 12841, 634, 7342, 285, 7106, 760, 327, 634, 985, 13, 651, 368, 1335, 9302, 32, 1198, 1650, 13, 604, 368, 497, 247, 14648, 8690, 285, 368, 12841, 634, 4736, 281, 3330, 247, 15730, 285, 7106, 760, 327, 752, 634, 2285, 1057, 387, 3946, 1016, 1388, 13, 651, 368, 1335, 755, 1543, 32, 187, 187, 42, 1158, 368, 651, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4736, 275, 667, 9678, 310, 281, 8416, 342, 253, 1682, 4868, 13, 533, 352, 651, 320, 19082, 281, 6947, 253, 2644, 2165, 17303, 387, 253, 4868, 4697, 15, 380, 760, 1039, 281, 2686, 3330, 310, 281, 755, 1805, 1016, 1388, 15, 496, 253, 3000, 273, 1264, 14, 2606, 6053, 19466, 13688, 7641, 36360, 13, 773, 510, 4868, 3936, 1557, 273, 3139, 1425, 380, 1072, 310, 2032, 323, 643, 3672, 273, 1495, 15, 1310, 368, 971, 1805, 1543, 13, 840, 7740, 670, 4758, 7342, 15, 27529, 327, 634, 985, 3185, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 513, 309, 1599, 407, 436, 32, 6272, 7342, 4336, 19437, 32, 4683, 2282, 417, 15, 3617, 932, 403, 1175, 323, 4758, 247, 3884, 13, 533, 2718, 403, 1682, 323, 2403, 4780, 15, 329, 17167, 273, 3237, 12893, 672, 368, 6947, 1512, 1199, 673, 4680, 670, 634, 7342, 285, 417, 2217, 673, 20462, 634, 2718, 15, 187, 187, 36798, 1852, 18, 27, 411, 12947, 285, 3897, 398, 452, 253, 1072, 7342, 15, 187, 187, 6826, 267, 4758, 27171, 432, 247, 4092, 1083, 273, 14229, 15306, 8492, 15, 844, 21364, 327, 253, 952, 665, 990, 598, 9880, 1128, 783, 19404, 1128, 395, 49294, 5467, 326, 24683, 7342, 3977, 281, 616, 2323, 1223, 37159, 512, 273, 253, 952, 665, 574, 253, 1072, 8103, 533, 1904, 457, 85, 9302, 15, 187, 187, 8267, 10406, 757, 5605, 281, 3330, 247, 5328, 19358, 15, 6000, 7431, 5605, 281, 755, 253, 2628, 15, 1244, 604, 5547, 285, 28008, 952, 3894, 253, 1072, 7342, 13, 840, 253, 4736, 2550, 320, 752, 1027, 28032, 253, 20721, 432, 253, 3897, 398, 15, 733, 3589, 457, 85, 253, 4736, 273, 9880, 253, 11997, 372, 6181, 326, 4198, 5911, 253, 4782, 25053, 1346, 281, 253, 1755, 273, 253, 9678, 15, 3327, 40224, 13, 597, 574, 3078, 281, 3330, 253, 5492, 1046, 807, 1078, 1128, 6309, 751, 1046, 643, 5702, 2285, 15, 380, 4736, 574, 1900, 644, 627, 15, 733, 369, 760, 672, 597, 9009, 247, 985, 273, 5415, 1355, 11701, 326, 597, 6786, 247, 1027, 6454, 15, 187, 187, 36798, 1852, 19, 27, 41541, 1382, 247, 4736, 310, 760, 247, 2774, 552, 1818, 15, 187, 187, 38989, 368, 452, 247, 36396, 2316, 285, 368, 873, 247, 4736, 281, 4076, 352, 15, 1310, 368, 23439, 253, 2341, 281, 49031, 598, 13, 840, 368, 588, 452, 247, 4076, 2316, 1128, 1542, 1024, 15, 1292, 604, 368, 6558, 253, 1072, 1499, 45695, 13, 3584, 14, 9296, 16964, 326, 3977, 281, 247, 36396, 2316, 275, 253, 806, 1659, 13, 3517, 368, 457, 620, 320, 2819, 387, 247, 747, 19176, 273, 502, 12216, 285, 11525, 323, 1529, 12948, 273, 16038, 15, 1422, 457, 250, 1669, 31702, 253, 1072, 6454, 984, 368, 1620, 4391, 253, 985, 3212, 352, 15, 1422, 4127, 247, 19831, 1293, 15974, 253, 2847, 15, 187, 187, 34, 2942, 1382, 247, 4736, 760, 2544, 634, 1495, 323, 253, 2774, 15, 2064, 457, 84, 253, 4828, 565, 48714, 2181, 670, 7756, 15, 844, 1158, 359, 878, 281, 1818, 776, 1543, 13, 533, 253, 1543, 403, 417, 253, 1895, 15, 1737, 359, 1663, 878, 281, 1818, 403, 253, 2718, 326, 2847, 1110, 1543, 15, 2091, 368, 8415, 3237, 387, 253, 1543, 1268, 13, 368, 760, 8415, 731, 20220, 15, 496, 1340, 281, 3157, 323, 1175, 13, 368, 878, 281, 8415, 3237, 387, 253, 2718, 1268, 15, 22360, 253, 14800, 285, 253, 18012, 588, 4993, 3746, 15, 187, 187, 36798, 1852, 20, 27, 3617, 932, 4656, 634, 15704, 15, 187, 187, 510, 15424, 9376, 3212, 667, 4736, 310, 436, 27, 773, 10758, 309, 3986, 619, 4736, 13, 840, 309, 457, 620, 320, 5211, 1425, 380, 1895, 342, 247, 7342, 14, 7053, 38656, 310, 326, 368, 457, 250, 23265, 8133, 15704, 745, 1919, 253, 1735, 41457, 15, 309, 457, 306, 19347, 715, 436, 15464, 594, 1142, 2069, 309, 457, 306, 3663, 1385, 15, 1198, 1107, 13, 15704, 369, 1900, 1633, 323, 619, 2852, 1881, 281, 4264, 15, 309, 12316, 4266, 326, 2378, 309, 12103, 6818, 12511, 273, 6616, 390, 846, 619, 2136, 369, 12819, 275, 253, 1457, 2816, 7717, 13, 840, 309, 812, 4720, 7921, 15, 187, 187, 20964, 13, 7342, 2794, 271, 773, 26597, 14, 263, 668, 7344, 27, 2057, 368, 5115, 634, 4736, 285, 403, 5547, 390, 368, 1891, 285, 368, 403, 247, 27531, 15, 1422, 23198, 3817, 4834, 715, 247, 6891, 2715, 273, 15704, 15, 831, 310, 3731, 26960, 15, 733, 310, 11543, 326, 634, 4588, 1854, 949, 1495, 588, 3761, 253, 3242, 9455, 368, 574, 275, 2564, 672, 368, 873, 562, 15, 733, 2789, 642, 3282, 281, 4656, 634, 13212, 281, 581, 10076, 672, 627, 403, 1142, 11865, 281, 2323, 15, 187, 187, 34, 2718, 14, 7053, 38656, 3400, 253, 46053, 1584, 15, 2091, 368, 2965, 275, 2389, 342, 253, 1232, 2581, 685, 253, 1885, 13, 368, 1053, 457, 85, 452, 281, 3343, 281, 1918, 4834, 9214, 281, 320, 5211, 15, 1422, 476, 320, 10048, 28537, 634, 985, 310, 3515, 15, 1244, 247, 985, 476, 320, 5547, 275, 1142, 1027 ]

uintptr(gt), uintptr(cContacts), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pdwPointerID)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pPoints))) return } func DwmSetDxFrameDuration(hWnd HWND, cRefreshes int) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetDxFrameDuration.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(cRefreshes)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmSetIconicLivePreviewBitmap(hWnd HWND, hbmp HBITMAP, pptClient *POINT, dwSITFlags uint32) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetIconicLivePreviewBitmap.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(hbmp), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pptClient)), uintptr(dwSITFlags)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmSetIconicThumbnail(hWnd HWND, hbmp HBITMAP, dwSITFlags uint32) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetIconicThumbnail.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(hbmp), uintptr(dwSITFlags)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmSetPresentParameters(hWnd HWND, pPresentParams *DWM_PRESENT_PARAMETERS) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetPresentParameters.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pPresentParams))) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmSetWindowAttribute(hWnd HWND, dwAttribute uint32, pvAttribute LPCVOID, cbAttribute uint32) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmSetWindowAttribute.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(dwAttribute), uintptr(pvAttribute), uintptr(cbAttribute)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmShowContact(dwPointerID uint32, eShowContact DWM_SHOWCONTACT) { procDwmShowContact.Call( uintptr(dwPointerID), uintptr(eShowContact)) return } func DwmTetherContact(dwPointerID uint32, fEnable bool, ptTether POINT) { procDwmTetherContact.Call( uintptr(dwPointerID), uintptr(BoolToBOOL(fEnable)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&ptTether))) return } func DwmTransitionOwnedWindow(hWnd HWND, target DWMTRANSITION_OWNEDWINDOW_TARGET) { procDwmTransitionOwnedWindow.Call( uintptr(hWnd), uintptr(target)) return } func DwmUnregisterThumbnail(hThumbnailId HTHUMBNAIL) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmUnregisterThumbnail.Call( uintptr(hThumbnailId)) return HRESULT(ret) } func DwmUpdateThumbnailProperties(hThumbnailId HTHUMBNAIL, ptnProperties *DWM_THUMBNAIL_PROPERTIES) HRESULT { ret, _, _ := procDwmUpdateThumbnailProperties.Call( uintptr(hThumbnailId), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(ptnProperties))) return HRESULT(ret) } This article is an excerpt from Atomic Habits, my New York Times bestselling book. Prevailing wisdom claims that the best way to achieve what we want in life—getting into better shape, building a successful business, relaxing more and worrying less, spending more time with friends and family—is to set specific, actionable goals. For many years, this was how I approached my habits too. Each one was a goal to be reached. I set goals for the grades I wanted to get in school, for the weights I wanted to lift in the gym, for the profits I wanted to earn in business. I succeeded at a few, but I failed at a lot of them. Eventually, I began to realize that my results had very little to do with the goals I set and nearly everything to do with the systems I followed. If you’re a coach, your goal might be to win a championship. Your system is the way you recruit players, manage your assistant coaches, and conduct practice. If you’re an entrepreneur, your goal might be to build a million-dollar business. Your system is how you test product ideas, hire employees, and run marketing campaigns. If you’re a musician, your goal might be to play a new piece. Your system is how often you practice, how you break down and tackle difficult measures, and your method for receiving feedback from your instructor. Now for the interesting question: if you completely ignored your goals and focused only on your system, would you still succeed? For example, if you were a basketball coach and you ignored your goal to win a championship and focused only on what your team does at practice each day, would you still get results? I think you would. The goal in any sport is to finish with the best score, but it would be ridiculous to spend the whole game staring at the scoreboard. The only way to actually win is to get better each day. In the words of three-time Super Bowl winner Bill Walsh, “The score takes care of itself.” The same is true for other areas of life. If you want better results, then forget about setting goals. Focus on your system instead. What do I mean by this? Are goals completely useless? Of course not. Goals are good for setting a direction, but systems are best for making progress. A handful of problems arise when you spend too much time thinking about your goals and not enough time designing your systems. Problem #1: Winners and losers have the same goals. Goal setting suffers from a serious case of survivorship bias. We concentrate on the people who end up winning—the survivors—and mistakenly assume that ambitious goals led to their success while overlooking all of the people who had the same objective but didn’t succeed. Every Olympian wants to win a gold medal. Every candidate wants to get the job. And if successful and unsuccessful people share the same goals, then the goal cannot be what differentiates the winners from the losers. It wasn’t the goal of winning the Tour de France that propelled the British Cyclists to the top of the sport. Presumably, they had wanted to win the race every year before—just like every other professional team. The goal had always been there. It was only when they implemented a system of continuous small improvements that they achieved a different outcome. Problem #2: Achieving a goal is only a momentary change. Imagine you have a messy room and you set a goal to clean it. If you summon the energy to tidy up, then you will have a clean room—for now. But if you maintain the same sloppy, pack-rat habits that led to a messy room in the first place, soon you’ll be looking at a new pile of clutter and hoping for another burst of motivation. You’re left chasing the same outcome because you never changed the system behind it. You treated a symptom without addressing the cause. Achieving a goal only changes your life for the moment. That’s the counterintuitive thing about improvement. We think we need to change our results, but the results are not the problem. What we really need to change are the systems that cause those results. When you solve problems at the results level, you only solve them temporarily. In order to improve for good, you need to solve problems at the systems level. Fix the inputs and the outputs will fix themselves. Problem #3: Goals restrict your happiness. The implicit assumption behind any goal is this: “Once I reach my goal, then I’ll be happy.” The problem with a goals-first mentality is that you’re continually putting happiness off until the next milestone. I’ve slipped into this trap so many times I’ve lost count. For years, happiness was always something for my future self to enjoy. I promised myself that once I gained twenty pounds of muscle or after my business was featured in the New York Times, then I could finally relax. Furthermore, goals create an “either-or” conflict: either you achieve your goal and are successful or you fail and you are a disappointment. You mentally box yourself into a narrow version of happiness. This is misguided. It is unlikely that your actual path through life will match the exact journey you had in mind when you set out. It makes no sense to restrict your satisfaction to one scenario when there are many paths to success. A systems-first mentality provides the antidote. When you fall in love with the process rather than the product, you don’t have to wait to give yourself permission to be happy. You can be satisfied anytime your system is running. And a system can be successful in many different

[ 15175, 31804, 4742, 11889, 2563, 1392, 555, 90, 6421, 1440, 1392, 87, 6841, 10751, 7961, 257, 13586, 365, 3592, 4998, 480, 255, 76, 312, 11889, 15, 33867, 249, 278, 2880, 2966, 2381, 48155, 1578, 770, 40467, 1392, 27082, 12198, 442, 14906, 3371, 262, 28709, 25685, 5256, 24339, 571, 266, 1061, 1136, 86, 22516, 22516, 13, 42845, 4530, 3273, 13401, 43579, 8483, 1392, 13401, 49144, 17366, 314, 1440, 15175, 246, 1657, 6156, 266, 25685, 5256, 2788, 16564, 1484, 2496, 22516, 347, 292, 2788, 339, 22516, 15, 17644, 1538, 8483, 1392, 13401, 14366, 893, 66, 295, 44885, 25685, 5256, 24339, 292, 30287, 297, 900, 251, 8729, 1578, 770, 15175, 2177, 532, 1105, 21204, 1392, 1484, 29662, 8729, 22865, 2503, 5781, 25685, 5256, 38334, 15, 187, 22653, 19637, 31138, 1219, 1634, 187, 37515, 6841, 383, 6841, 246, 18453, 6841, 278, 2880, 2966, 17685, 8429, 311, 17062, 13, 29348, 4530, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 8729, 8215, 27, 79, 340, 28993, 26307, 4164, 5719, 360, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 258, 3467, 316, 327, 642, 249, 3925, 5847, 290, 85, 571, 6429, 647, 1342, 21685, 10424, 1479, 13589, 383, 1392, 13, 8729, 31804, 4742, 42468, 465, 1240, 3354, 87, 17366, 42468, 34715, 303, 24339, 292, 49659, 1208, 85, 900, 9226, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 42454, 408, 1392, 299, 400, 12271, 8485, 5781, 15779, 437, 37364, 29662, 15, 11090, 5719, 360, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 1323, 66, 4988, 257, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 8729, 8215, 27, 79, 42454, 408, 1392, 726, 83, 75, 303, 21204, 2381, 2577, 90, 3354, 268, 1368, 75, 47796, 13586, 5309, 4631, 74, 1111, 76, 461, 1432, 4002, 8729, 1218, 384, 3093, 1479, 290, 9673, 4230, 5309, 770, 1432, 4002, 22865, 2503, 571, 5796, 652, 86, 6362, 13, 5269, 2995, 437, 30160, 1162, 86, 6362, 8729, 546, 26159, 16288, 1479, 413, 66, 963, 2381, 4904, 1479, 7381, 6362, 15, 187, 52, 4692, 29197, 4927, 22516, 13, 20463, 246, 44885, 327, 1465, 2381, 6421, 620, 36825, 13, 29348, 4530, 256, 15175, 2649, 30024, 27029, 864, 85, 1392, 1222, 257, 3273, 13401, 1407, 382, 15175, 362, 24470, 682, 11895, 81, 647, 5738, 2827, 414, 48931, 821, 19606, 85, 2788, 1914, 396, 39402, 256, 375, 571, 8952, 14, 8729, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 12850, 1914, 7684, 47796, 15, 187, 52, 2689, 466, 18940, 585, 466, 187, 58, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 8729, 8215, 27, 79, 4164, 5719, 360, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 258, 3467, 316, 327, 340, 965, 8429, 80, 1059, 6429, 647, 1342, 21685, 10424, 1479, 13589, 383, 1392, 15, 11090, 78, 38766, 27029, 2503, 43722, 11889, 21814, 571, 45536, 8083, 249, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 327, 4927, 22516, 716, 384, 1392, 21380, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 28574, 864, 85, 15175, 76, 16564, 30687, 404, 87, 17366, 11889, 4164, 5719, 328, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 6156, 1479, 307, 38334, 15, 473, 5025, 4927, 22516, 9951, 6841, 383, 6841, 1767, 34715, 303, 24339, 257, 8429, 311, 17062, 13, 29348, 4530, 4927, 249, 1392, 3478, 78, 2056, 7684, 522, 26826, 1059, 1790, 483, 8962, 255, 1465, 21380, 661, 1105, 21964, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 14, 8729, 256, 375, 571, 19337, 526, 262, 13, 3371, 6077, 28574, 864, 3024, 21964, 30287, 297, 1595, 580, 41376, 6673, 26407, 505, 19953, 8729, 7027, 1261, 3024, 21964, 4164, 78, 8952, 1479, 290, 9673, 268, 15175, 296, 2381, 22289, 13460, 1479, 307, 24339, 571, 4164, 1342, 4123, 37577, 328, 8729, 1775, 18524, 465, 2338, 257, 5914, 44918, 1790, 2995, 307, 16189, 1058, 73, 770, 18453, 21964, 465, 383, 1392, 6584, 1392, 37080, 384, 3703, 384, 10225, 571, 877, 85, 936, 6529, 5741, 15, 31790, 12784, 1392, 11889, 465, 1000, 266, 3478, 78, 2056, 7684, 522, 26826, 1059, 45079, 34715, 460, 292, 246, 10573, 580, 507, 66, 21685, 80, 864, 40408, 40380, 4462, 266, 256, 375, 571, 21728, 292, 258, 2804, 438, 292, 15, 187, 59, 15379, 386, 284, 11960, 7090, 1767, 261, 187, 76, 343, 75, 455, 14899, 15, 428, 313, 20072, 10, 473, 5025, 1775, 5781, 278, 928, 85, 1392, 31234, 29045, 268, 2381, 1767, 1392, 76, 343, 75, 24968, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 42454, 11889, 21685, 10424, 1479, 41564, 412, 303, 24339, 257, 12910, 13077, 45205, 17062, 15, 367, 2381, 1767, 1392, 76, 343, 75, 25445, 327, 4285, 76, 770, 1392, 6584, 1392, 7684, 571, 13, 480, 1238, 257, 642, 75, 18524, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 340, 28993, 39660, 2381, 4164, 5719, 86, 39483, 14302, 3273, 74, 1407, 292, 1392, 15, 10283, 249, 1392, 44918, 28574, 5792, 292, 21964, 2495, 74, 13, 20463, 278, 1479, 1392, 965, 44996, 339, 36825, 34715, 303, 38334, 22616, 18889, 13, 480, 23909, 3273, 13401, 355, 4530, 66, 594, 652, 893, 66, 12865, 14750, 1392, 90, 339, 384, 12354, 13, 480, 20531, 327, 546, 3549, 78, 1392, 11889, 37080, 248, 257, 34715, 303, 24339, 15959, 15, 12829, 14750, 1392, 656, 3273, 13401, 3371, 384, 5781, 256, 2886, 864, 13, 20463, 17069, 10468, 267, 4631, 292, 1111, 76, 461, 1432, 255, 8729, 21685, 899, 45161, 32617, 1821, 3592, 1392, 87, 12271, 30287, 297, 1595, 25183, 1162, 86, 6362, 13, 3371, 8727, 425, 45079, 295, 1920, 85, 460, 292, 6429, 267, 1886, 86, 38334, 4695, 27029, 384, 1914, 15, 16251, 21206, 5503, 8919, 13401, 25130, 2966, 262, 3592, 1392, 21380, 44918, 256, 2886, 864, 13, 20463, 246, 44885, 1484, 28954, 34715, 24439, 1323, 9720, 35926, 48238, 37364, 438, 292, 246, 1657, 6169, 44044, 1392, 24889, 31511, 570, 4002, 8729, 1616, 5914, 522, 15175, 84, 1190, 282, 396, 39402, 340, 28993, 39660, 17685, 16816, 45456, 18453, 261, 4415, 1578, 7438, 5985, 22516, 10709, 42089, 37364, 29662, 13, 945, 1906, 29662, 8729, 41665, 750, 249, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 1392, 29348, 413, 87, 6077, 256, 15175, 2649, 30024, 355, 489, 6077, 13, 8729, 7684, 522, 26826, 1059, 34715, 43236, 2827, 414, 261, 383, 1392, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 30637, 340, 28993, 261, 383, 1392, 49137, 382, 24339, 17062, 15, 187, 33467, 378, 928, 266, 187, 30476, 27, 79, 49659, 1208, 85, 900, 9226, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 258, 3467, 316, 6429, 647, 1342, 4164, 5719, 360, 782, 76, 2610, 8727, 327, 3925, 5847, 290, 85, 571, 15, 3189, 301, 6841, 8483, 1392, 13401, 4927, 22516, 31023, 5985, 1392, 945, 33542, 2902, 266, 362, 518, 5781, 5796, 652, 10441, 257, 826, 324, 328, 34823, 358, 14899, 31234, 620, 1392, 355, 18524, 15, 322, 412, 303, 18524, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 42454, 11889, 21685, 10424, 1479, 41564, 412, 303, 24339, 257, 43681, 49245, 383, 1392, 1407, 382, 18453, 1405, 4164, 5719, 780, 266, 41409, 87, 5738, 35926, 48238, 382, 312, 18524, 402, 459, 2503, 1914, 1718, 842, 1914, 288, 49376, 307, 442, 5616, 11889, 3478, 2188, 6077, 8429, 311, 6077, 8628, 386, 85, 571, 15, 322, 412, 303, 24339, 5021, 1125, 1464, 266, 44918, 362, 1240, 49906, 2902, 266, 355, 266, 963, 17685, 34968, 1944, 2381, 9226, 258, 2804, 24339, 1914, 402, 13511, 5781, 13, 44044, 15175, 78, 21964, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 21685, 16692, 76, 461, 24339, 257, 10709, 42089, 37364, 41245, 7684, 47796, 8729, 44918, 13, 340, 28993, 561, 412, 400, 86, 316, 6156, 255, 303, 24339, 257, 7897, 74, 21432, 13, 362, 1240, 49906, 2902, 266, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 340, 2503, 1392, 2198, 2381, 39483, 14302, 15, 1623, 44918, 4285, 76, 770, 1392, 87, 15175, 13, 20463, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 396, 76, 518, 297, 614, 266, 247, 339, 785, 66, 362, 1240, 49906, 1464, 266, 256, 455, 303, 18524, 5303, 1407, 382, 15175, 1484, 316, 571, 355, 27521, 442, 5741, 13, 23382, 34715, 303, 38334, 268, 9045, 266, 31234, 1767, 1392, 2649, 2381, 17685, 15, 3689, 328, 278, 928, 383, 6841, 74, 1484, 438, 5021, 34715, 303, 24339, 5021, 1125, 1464, 266, 1323, 66, 2902, 266, 44044, 15175, 1616, 76, 2610, 4002, 81, 15175, 19089, 1392, 13, 278, 1479, 1392, 246, 782, 80, 770, 5781, 247, 9623, 4904, 66, 826, 324, 2788, 4530, 1301, 571, 5796, 652, 86, 6362, 8729, 18282, 274, 1301, 571, 10709, 42089, 37364, 316, 6156, 255, 303, 24339, 571, 13, 8729, 4927, 22516, 11737, 257, 49635, 12271, 2381, 3433, 666, 293, 785, 66, 15, 187, 42, 91, 1945, 328, 34445, 5830, 80, 4033, 395, 3737, 187, 76, 343, 75, 455, 14899, 15, 428, 313, 1410, 10, 34441, 6841, 383, 249, 246, 18453, 6841, 355, 27521, 6933, 8429, 311, 17062, 13, 29348, 4530, 4164, 5719, 360, 782, 5914, 1238, 257, 258, 3467, 316, 327, 3925, 5847, 290, 85, 571, 6429, 647, 1342, 632, 1479, 13589, 383, 1392, 15, 308, 36383, 1392, 34715, 303, 24339, 5021, 11737, 351, 16189, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 298, 1550, 15175, 69, 1392, 2649, 2381, 17685, 12910, 307, 24560, 571, 13, 42845, 4530, 45079, 42454, 1440, 18453, 21204, 2381, 7373, 1392, 256, 15175, 2649, 30024, 27029, 864, 85, 18453, 11889, 44044, 15175, 78, 885, 22516, 2563, 1392, 80, 2804, 41245, 1906, 4530, 11889, 11895, 81, 647, 328, 1144, 18453, 885, 22516, 15, 530, 316, 571, 294, 50161, 46550, 1323, 682, 266, 13, 8729, 632, 1479, 290, 9673, 9432, 5309, 770, 1432, 4002, 8729, 1111, 76, 461, 1432, 4002, 13586, 75, 5503, 266, 22865, 2503, 571, 5796, 652, 86, 6362, 8729, 12662, 80, 6362, 13, 42845, 4530, 8429, 311, 383, 16189, 1407, 36825, 87, 12271, 5269, 528, 39903, 87, 5738, 8729, 3371, 384, 47476, 963, 2381, 4904, 1479, 7381, 22289, 26535, 297, 885, 257, 8628, 386, 249, 3478, 2188, 6077, 8429, 311, 6077, 15, 187, 52, 2275, 505, 757, 24640, 249, 34239, 86, 187, 31775, 1479, 4530, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 21685, 10424, 1479, 41564, 412, 24439, 327, 16288, 1479, 413, 66, 12910, 20938, 465, 19014, 31234, 10120, 437, 14899, 13, 396, 327, 1407, 382, 656, 1945, 293, 13, 480, 20531, 1323, 5781, 396, 39402, 1484, 316, 571, 35926, 48238, 261, 19558, 661, 571, 44044, 1392, 24889, 842, 1914, 8729, 1616, 76, 2610, 4002, 81, 15175, 14107, 7684, 47796, 20463, 44918, 22865, 78, 1342, 10709, 42089, 37364, 41245, 8729, 945, 1906, 41245, 7684, 47796, 15, 611, 1765, 11825, 266, 7684, 522, 86, 10424, 22616, 18889, 31234, 656, 249, 1323, 1136, 307, 21685, 10424, 1479, 2477, 358, 782, 76, 2610, 5741, 425, 8962, 1519, 293, 86, 14302, 618, 580, 307, 292, 328, 34715, 303, 24339, 257, 2715, 246, 335, 24560, 6736, 15, 10283, 249, 1392, 327, 465, 2338, 257, 5914, 4172, 770, 1392, 21380, 45994, 27772, 461, 303, 571, 1484, 438, 382, 24339, 257, 1407, 382, 18453, 885, 22516, 15, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 327, 12910, 307, 3592, 2623, 30687, 455, 8727, 298, 1550, 15175, 69, 1392, 2649, 2381, 21964, 256, 43953, 518, 16564, 8215, 27, 79, 1718, 80, 1944, 4002, 6502, 33542, 2381, 375, 86, 41245, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 21685, 899, 45161, 2381, 739, 1392, 13, 278, 1479, 1392, 1407, 9609, 1440, 15175, 8485, 580, 86, 263, 10225, 571, 281, 38498, 3784, 29074, 8215, 27, 77, 893, 15, 8215, 27, 79, 8729, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 396, 76, 518, 297, 614, 66, 327, 618, 25725, 44044, 15175, 821, 16853, 24339, 571, 13, 278, 1479, 1392, 246, 782, 80, 770, 5781, 13, 20463, 396, 7239, 296, 12502, 1407, 382, 18453, 21964, 340, 28993, 39660, 32617, 1392, 1407, 382, 18453, 36383, 1392, 1484, 316, 571, 355, 27521, 442, 5741, 15, 530, 316, 6077, 256, 21964, 79, 2381, 408, 1392, 28574, 864, 3024, 21964, 407, 287, 76, 9296, 571, 66, 13, 44918, 465, 3938, 249, 7684, 522, 86, 12901, 256, 15175, 2649, 600, 81, 1392, 12271, 2381, 16750, 8485, 580, 86, 263, 10225, 5021, 11552, 461, 45205, 5021, 13, 8729, 28574, 5792, 292, 21964, 246, 6968, 4123, 587, 87, 5781, 25189, 859, 1914, 268, 15175, 43973, 14750, 1392, 261, 12502, 1440, 1392, 15, 322, 375, 571, 267, 11889, 12130, 1519, 8962, 86, 41245, 4285, 76, 414, 45988, 11552, 461, 4988, 257, 8729, 396, 76, 518, 297, 614, 4781, 2459, 3592, 86, 8485, 19558, 821, 5711, 66, 34715, 303, 24339, 257, 256, 375, 571, 21728, 571, 13460, 1479, 307, 24339, 571, 8729, 1058, 73, 770, 15175, 347, 757, 1906, 4530, 30160, 8485, 1952, 661, 571, 13586, 87, 40426, 15959, 45079, 34715, 303, 24339, 257, 281, 261, 15959, 37080, 248, 15959, 1578, 38009 ]

ää nykyisen epätyydyttävän tilanteen tarpeettoman jatkamisen. Parlamentin mietinnössä esittelijä käsittelee joitakin ehdotuksiaan parannuksiksi, jotka voisi tai pitäisi sisällyttää tulevaan ehdotukseen uudeksi asetukseksi. Komission pitäisi ottaa nämä ehdotukset huomioon ja esittää viipymättä uutta ja parempaa ehdotusta. Luís Paulo Alves Äänestän tämän mietinnön puolesta, koska Yhdysvaltojen ja EU:n yhteisten ilmailumarkkinoiden osuus on noin 60 prosenttia maailman lentoliikenteestä, ja nykyiset kahdenväliset sopimukset jäsenvaltioiden ja Yhdysvaltojen välillä eivät vastaa todellisuutta. Ilmailumarkkinoiden avaaminen Yhdysvaltojen ja EU:n välillä syrjimättömyyden pohjalta tarjoaisi matkustajille ja rahtiliikenteen harjoittajille parempia palveluja, taloudellisia etuja ja ennen kaikkea työpaikkoja. Sanoisin siksi, että tämä on hyödyllistä, koska sääntelyn lähentäminen voisi edistää vapaata kilpailua erityisesti valtiontukien sekä sosiaali- ja ympäristönormien osalta. Sophie Auconie Yhdysvaltojen ja EU:n ilmailumarkkinoiden osuus on yli puolet maailman lentoliikenteestä. Ilmaston lämpenemisen takia Euroopan unionin ja Yhdysvaltojen on siksi tehtävä yhteistyötä vähentääkseen kansainvälisen ilmailun ympäristövaikutusta. Olen siksi äänestänyt sopimuksen puolesta, koska siinä molemmat osapuolet sitoutuvat hyväksymään ympäristö- ja sosiaalinormit, joilla vähennetään huomattavasti melusaastetta ja lievennetään ilmaliikenteen päästöjen vaikutuksia ilmanlaatuun ja samalla kuitenkin myös sitoudutaan kehittämään kestäviä vaihtoehtoisia polttoaineita. Ensimmäisen kerran molemmat osapuolet ovat sopineet takaavansa lentohenkilökunnan sosiaaliset oikeudet. Zigmantas Balčytis kirjallinen. - (LT) Olen samaa mieltä tästä pöytäkirjasta EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen välisen lentoliikennesopimuksen muuttamisesta. Pöytäkirjassa on merkittäviä osia, joiden nojalla EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen yhteistyö ilmailuasioissa voi edetä. Siinä myös vältetään riski, että mikäli kyseistä sopimusta ei ole, joku voisi alkaa soveltaa lykkäysehtoa, joka on ensimmäisen vaiheen sopimuksessa. Lykkäys voisi johtaa siihen, että eurooppalaiset matkustajat ja lentoyhtiöt menettävät huomattavia etuja, joista ne ovat nauttineet maaliskuusta 2008 lähtien. Huomiota olisi kiinnitettävä myös siihen, että tämä uusi sopimus avasi mahdollisuudet tuleville lisäinvestoinneille ja markkinapääsylle sekä yhteistyön tiivistämiselle esimerkiksi turvallisuutta, varmuutta ja varsinkin ympäristöä koskevilla sääntelyn alueilla, ja osapuolet sopivat erityisestä ympäristöalan yhteisestä julistuksesta. Adam Bielan EU:n jäsenvaltioiden ja Yhdysvaltojen osuus maailman ilmailumarkkinoista on 60 prosenttia. Meidän pitäisi siksi pyrkiä varmistamaan vakaa palvelujen laadun paraneminen tällä alalla. Sopimalla EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen välisen lentoliikennesopimuksen tekemisestä edistämme ilmailualan kasvua mahdollistamalla suurempien investointien houkuttelemisen molemmilla puolilla Atlanttia. Sopimuksella autetaan myös vahvistamaan alan työntekijöiden oikeuksien suojaa, lisäämään yhteistyötä lentomatkustuksen turvallisuuden osalta ja myös, yhteensopivuusvaatimuksen ansiosta, vahvistamaan yhteistyötä ympäristöasioissa. On myös merkittävää, että EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen sekakomitean asemaa vahvistetaan sallimalla sen edistää uusia aloitteita, kun sopimusta pannaan täytäntöön. Minun mielestäni uudella sopimuksella autetaan avaamaan lisää markkinoillepääsyä, mikä tarkoittaa aiempaa laadukkaampia palveluja ja ankarampia turvallisuusvaatimuksia, ja siksi tuen päätöslauselmaa. Izaskun Bilbao Barandica kirjallinen. - (ES) Äänestin tämän aloitteen puolesta, koska ilmailumarkkinoiden osuus on 60 prosenttia maailman liikenteestä. Tällä sopimuksella tuodaan Yhdysvaltojen lainsäädäntöön muutoksia, jotka ovat välttämättömiä sääntelyn lähentämisen lisäämiseksi epäoikeudenmukaisen kilpailun estämiseksi. Uusia reittejä avataan, ja liikenteenharjoittajille ja matkustajille tarjotaan parempia palveluja ja hintoja, jotka puolestaan edistävät talouskasvua ja johtavat työpaikkojen luomiseen Atlantin molemmilla puolilla. Sebastian Valentin Bodu Vaikka EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen lentoliikennesopimus on kaikkea muuta kuin täydellinen, se on edistysaskel, joka avaa sekä uusia mahdollisuuksia lisäinvestointien ja markkinoillepääsyn osalta että myös paremman turvallisuuden ja varmuuden osalta. Kumpikaan osapuoli ei ole täysin avannut lentoliikennemarkkinoita neuvotteluissa saavutetun sopimuksen version tuloksena. Siinä on kuitenkin riittävästi kannustimia uudistuksen edistämiseksi. Yhdysvaltojen on muutettava kansallista lainsäädäntöään salliakseen EU:n investoijille enemmistöosuuden Yhdysvaltojen lentoyhtiöissä, mikä edellyttää vastavuoroisia toimenpiteitä EU:lta. EU:n ja Yhdysvaltojen sekakomitea on saanut lisää valtuuksia, mikä tarkoittaa, että se pystyy edistämään yhteistyötä edistämällä uusia aloitteita. Uusilla säännöillä vähennetään byrokratiaa, myös kunkin osapuolen sääntelypäätösten vastavuoroisella tunnustamisella, ja vältetään tuhlailevaa resurssien päällekkäisyyttä. Sosiaalisen ulottuvuuden merkityksen tunnustaminen ja sekakomitealle annettu vastuu valvoa sopimuksen sosiaalisia vaikutuksia ja kehittää asianmukaisia vastauksia tarvittaessa ovat sopimuksen toisessa vaiheessa esitet

[ 21433, 15754, 6123, 213, 22143, 46069, 12001, 6123, 99, 6280, 107, 20489, 29903, 17665, 24381, 38619, 29903, 33465, 30598, 22224, 187, 30598, 12001, 2483, 212, 13, 6280, 109, 30598, 6280, 115, 12001, 28733, 17665, 23936, 40808, 37500, 15472, 22143, 6280, 226, 24381, 6280, 216, 2483, 237, 17665, 2483, 238, 12001, 6280, 101, 20489, 23068, 28817, 33358, 6123, 99, 6280, 239, 33358, 28733, 15472, 37500, 33358, 22143, 6280, 218, 28733, 24381, 15472, 33465, 12001, 2483, 100, 6280, 115, 12001, 28733, 17665, 23936, 40808, 37500, 15472, 22143, 6280, 233, 38619, 2483, 116, 28817, 6123, 213, 2483, 212, 187, 29903, 15472, 24381, 20489, 23068, 28817, 12001, 2483, 212, 13, 37500, 15472, 15754, 12001, 37500, 23936, 29903, 2483, 107, 28817, 33358, 187, 2483, 242, 22224, 32191, 25159, 22143, 6280, 103, 15472, 33465, 17665, 39695, 2483, 117, 17665, 2483, 242, 6280, 110, 6123, 213, 39695, 33465, 15472, 6280, 107, 30598, 38619, 23936, 33465, 15472, 6280, 242, 22224, 32191, 6280, 242, 6123, 213, 29903, 17665, 28733, 21433, 12001, 6280, 218, 28733, 17665, 23936, 15472, 32191, 12001, 29903, 21433, 20489, 29950, 12001, 187, 24381, 17665, 29950, 12001, 6280, 217, 39695, 6280, 231, 15754, 6280, 115, 6123, 220, 29903, 33465, 17665, 2483, 242, 17665, 15754, 22224, 2483, 242, 6280, 239, 15754, 17665, 23068, 29903, 6280, 112, 25159, 46069, 42042, 17665, 15754, 25159, 2483, 239, 15472, 24381, 17665, 2483, 242, 37500, 33358, 23068, 15472, 2483, 239, 15754, 6280, 109, 12001, 6280, 227, 28733, 12001, 21433, 38619, 2483, 238, 6280, 244, 22224, 6280, 218, 28733, 17665, 23936, 15472, 32191, 12001, 29903, 21433, 15754, 23936, 15472, 28817, 33358, 22143, 32, 187, 24381, 17665, 29950, 12001, 6280, 217, 39695, 6280, 107, 28733, 6280, 216, 39695, 23068, 15472, 6280, 103, 20489, 2483, 239, 22224, 21433, 12001, 15754, 17665, 29950, 25159, 22143, 21433, 22224, 6280, 99, 15754, 30598, 6280, 237, 20489, 39695, 24381, 15472, 6280, 110, 30598, 15472, 22143, 46069, 15472, 6280, 231, 15754, 187, 2483, 239, 40808, 12001, 2483, 107, 46175, 15472, 30598, 22224, 13, 37500, 38619, 2483, 240, 15472, 6280, 112, 46069, 23936, 12001, 28817, 33358, 21433, 20489, 6280, 109, 30598, 6280, 101, 25159, 23068, 25159, 22143, 21433, 12001, 37500, 20489, 2483, 116, 17665, 15754, 2483, 98, 28817, 33358, 6123, 99, 28817, 32191, 6280, 107, 30598, 38619, 23936, 33465, 15472, 6280, 219, 32191, 15472, 29903, 21433, 12001, 6280, 220, 39695, 29950, 25159, 46069, 21433, 15754, 23936, 15472, 28817, 33358, 22143, 187, 30598, 32191, 6280, 107, 30598, 38619, 23936, 33465, 12001, 15754, 22224, 5559, 6280, 237, 12001, 46175, 15754, 15472, 22143, 21433, 15754, 23936, 15472, 28817, 33358, 22143, 187, 2483, 239, 25159, 6280, 112, 2483, 96, 2483, 122, 24381, 12001, 37500, 38619, 2483, 240, 15472, 6280, 103, 2483, 106, 15754, 23936, 28817, 33358, 6280, 231, 15754, 37500, 33358, 22143, 187, 2483, 219, 32191, 12001, 23068, 46175, 12001, 15754, 22224, 33465, 15472, 13, 6280, 220, 32191, 17665, 32191, 22224, 46175, 28817, 33358, 21433, 20489, 37500, 15472, 15754, 15472, 37500, 12001, 29903, 20489, 24381, 6280, 218, 28733, 6280, 107, 12001, 23936, 21433, 25159, 33465, 38619, 23068, 15472, 22143, 6280, 231, 15754, 5559, 6280, 116, 22224, 2483, 242, 17665, 28733, 21433, 12001, 6280, 220, 39695, 29950, 25159, 46069, 21433, 15754, 23068, 15472, 21433, 15472, 6280, 107, 12001, 15754, 15472, 37500, 15472, 22143, 6280, 216, 39695, 23068, 15472, 6280, 101, 20489, 32191, 12001, 46069, 21433, 25159, 6280, 107, 46175, 29903, 6280, 101, 15472, 22143, 13, 6280, 112, 15472, 24381, 20489, 23068, 187, 30598, 32191, 28817, 12001, 2483, 212, 21433, 12001, 6280, 220, 39695, 29950, 25159, 46069, 21433, 15754, 23936, 15472, 28817, 33358, 22143, 13, 37500, 15472, 15754, 12001, 37500, 23936, 29903, 2483, 107, 28817, 33358, 187, 29950, 30598, 6280, 239, 17665, 29950, 12001, 46175, 12001, 23936, 15754, 5559, 33465, 12001, 32191, 12001, 23068, 33465, 20489, 15754, 17665, 2483, 106, 6280, 218, 28733, 29903, 20489, 2483, 226, 28817, 33358, 21433, 17665, 29950, 25159, 22143, 24381, 20489, 6280, 109, 30598, 28817, 33358, 187, 187, 24850, 280, 27, 209, 187, 6534, 9427, 31602, 3142, 29802, 6534, 187, 5843, 37424, 4467, 13504, 3142, 23630, 3142, 20817, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 9427, 15677, 13793, 9211, 19621, 97, 5846, 15677, 14585, 13621, 13621, 9445, 14062, 30265, 39727, 19621, 110, 24823, 6463, 15, 23207, 43762, 23630, 3142, 23207, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 18901, 9939, 15677, 13793, 9211, 19621, 97, 5846, 187, 4467, 12346, 5846, 32262, 113, 8181, 28337, 9211, 30901, 6463, 9445, 6534, 10714, 116, 21931, 20817, 14062, 4467, 30265, 48914, 38033, 9445, 5846, 30265, 11912, 37710, 48531, 22814, 9427, 6900, 9445, 43246, 12458, 48531, 28337, 44353, 12458, 31461, 29802, 31602, 3142, 9445, 14062, 13621, 6463, 4467, 15, 23207, 43762, 25393, 14062, 29937, 23207, 21931, 13621, 187, 7427, 28337, 6900, 6534, 23072, 25393, 14062, 29937, 37710, 13504, 11912, 9427, 6534, 5843, 37760, 15, 34341, 32416, 35429, 6463, 11912, 37760, 25393, 14062, 29937, 37710, 25393, 12346, 6900, 12458, 15677, 9211, 4467, 3142, 49773, 31461, 49043, 23207, 13621, 9211, 32416, 37760, 37710, 18901, 9939, 15, 4954, 115, 21931, 187, 5846, 13793, 5843, 4954, 223, 48914, 5846, 9427, 32443, 6534, 5843, 44076, 6463, 9211, 40913, 14062, 3142, 15, 13504, 37424, 4467, 23207, 43762, 40913, 14062, 3142, 34341, 13793, 6463, 9211, 15677, 9427, 187, 4467, 12346, 5846, 31159, 13793, 5843, 4954, 223, 23207, 13793, 5846, 6463, 187, 5843, 5846, 9445, 6534, 10714, 116, 21931, 49043, 9445, 11912, 6900, 14062, 38804, 18906, 8181, 20817, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 9445, 12346, 37424, 44353, 31461, 23207, 9211, 6534, 24823, 9445, 11912, 6900, 6463, 14062, 187, 9427, 4467, 20817, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 49043, 8181, 18152, 6900, 23072, 7427, 18152, 41147, 34341, 8181, 6900, 6463, 8181, 44076, 39727, 5846, 7427, 13504, 37424, 4467, 13504, 9211, 44353, 30331, 22814, 6900, 6534, 13793, 23207, 6534, 23207, 6463, 37715, 6463, 148, 96, 31461, 29802, 31602, 3142, 9445, 14062, 13621, 6463, 4467, 148, 242, 187, 9427, 4467, 34341, 8181, 4467, 8181, 29620, 5843, 25393, 14062, 29937, 15677, 5843, 37424, 4467, 30331, 9427, 30901, 19621, 114, 28337, 30265, 32229, 19621, 108, 10714, 115, 12458, 15677, 12346, 18152, 187, 7427, 5843, 14585, 10714, 96, 4467, 12458, 4954, 223, 23207, 13793, 8181, 14062, 9211, 49043, 9427, 13504, 29620, 6463, 23072, 31461, 9445, 10714, 106, 5846, 37927, 15, 31159, 21931, 5846, 31159, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 9445, 12346, 37424, 44353, 31461, 39410, 14585, 10714, 101, 4467, 9445, 13621, 6900, 6463, 9211, 19621, 100, 4467, 12346, 8181, 6900, 34606, 6463, 187, 5846, 14062, 6534, 5843, 15677, 7427, 12346, 37424, 44353, 31461, 23207, 39727, 3142, 14062, 5559, 187, 32416, 6463, 4954, 115, 13621, 6463, 23207, 12346, 6900, 9427, 18152, 32416, 43762, 187, 13621, 30265, 9211, 14062, 4954, 223, 4954, 97, 5843, 4467, 49043, 32443, 43246, 5843, 13793, 39410, 148, 99, 14585, 10714, 101, 6463, 23630, 9427, 31602, 3142, 48531, 5843, 6900, 18152, 32416, 5846, 32443, 50011, 44353, 6534, 3142, 39410, 32416, 6463, 9427, 5843, 40913, 41147, 32262, 113, 8181, 28337, 9211, 30901, 23207, 39727, 3142, 14062, 5559, 4954, 223, 18152, 4467, 12346, 5846, 187, 5846, 21931, 5846, 31159, 43246, 28337, 9211, 5843, 31159, 13793, 5843, 4954, 223, 23207, 13793, 5846, 6463, 187, 18906, 37760, 37710, 19621, 120, 7427, 13621, 44076, 6534, 23072, 4467, 9445, 10714, 114, 6463, 10714, 96, 25393, 14062, 29937, 23630, 32416, 5846, 9427, 187, 187, 22353, 27, 209, 187, 35567, 21308, 594, 91, 316, 6533, 3150, 755, 70, 300, 1866, 44429, 3807, 6290, 23023, 24967, 24910, 44115, 13, 3150, 594, 7753, 10278, 10863, 21650, 3150, 13, 13417, 3150, 18119, 425, 489, 9107, 299, 2050, 26288, 250, 187, 38, 249, 650, 2381, 44366, 373, 15557, 10863, 27359, 13, 1578, 10863, 15827, 353, 4703, 1780, 15932, 3807, 594, 21308, 19129, 44544, 187, 998, 5280, 275, 1850, 399, 25203, 13, 3150, 794, 44222, 26914, 13, 3807, 13014, 1888, 1028, 864, 13, 9527, 10736, 1182, 254, 296, 2381, 445, 187, 34, 589, 18119, 4231, 1578, 13, 479, 460, 9216, 257, 20106, 864, 755, 445, 2649, 10736, 25433, 15, 9615, 10863, 9416, 270, 739, 5756, 21650, 9416, 8502, 446, 1479, 255, 8449, 1780, 15932, 187, 39980, 45215, 256, 30373, 296, 22220, 13, 18117, 3150, 5559, 14, 10297, 22220, 4784, 512, 1850, 399, 25203, 46966, 780, 13401, 797, 19748, 13, 3150, 18119, 18654, 278, 2679, 13, 30562, 277, 48285, 275, 1784, 418, 486, 10269, 187, 42, 15164, 423, 88, 466, 25433, 14266, 11329, 1641, 482, 3105, 27297, 13, 3150, 13417, 295, 9623, 37925, 322, 2966, 5315, 864, 3807, 3697, 11548, 25837, 6592, 350, 5807, 250, 42181, 187, 37544, 18119, 359, 74, 10278, 13014, 13, 27359, 27432, 1847, 16859, 25433, 15, 23184, 3471, 73, 2381, 1378, 6385, 187, 35567, 10863, 13014, 27359, 9416, 19660, 275, 24910, 322, 2679, 13, 3150, 480, 358, 395, 285, 70, 373, 396, 864, 27772, 13, 3347, 42132, 10863, 305, 11670, 479, 249, 43310, 187, 15168, 10863, 19129, 7261, 469, 46620, 2036, 85, 3807, 18119, 359, 74, 10278, 13014, 13, 18117, 18119, 9527, 47203, 42132, 259, 8824, 615, 13, 11329, 35441, 35569, 18119, 30290, 442, 187, 8478, 3370, 386, 3807, 15827, 1339, 91, 442, 3975, 8449, 1408, 3354, 1879, 486, 187, 8997, 561, 11014, 14671, 10863, 372, 249, 17750, 637, 17291, 13, 14350, 691, 3443, 275, 1784, 418, 486, 259, 9608, 296, 13, 20150, 512, 1850, 18447, 14, 47, 607, 32246, 257, 12606, 1471, 18894, 71, 27793, 10736, 7387, 42181, 13, 21650, 1578, 5807, 17685, 27437, 45215, 187, 998, 560, 304, 21650, 425, 73, 3767, 15983, 15747, 34825, 32, 187, 187, 21258, 27, 209, 187, 27681, 16491, 546, 24887, 1452, 3686, 70, 3293, 4893, 629, 356, 14330, 1162, 546, 46596, 1321, 7723, 6987, 19156, 23571, 30421, 1753, 260, 4415, 7723, 826, 371, 4415, 5139, 11074, 36826, 6531, 3092, 603, 372, 24101, 306, 10422, 9317, 39837, 4057, 187, 328, 5043, 4936, 295, 49981, 1144, 816, 70, 1753, 260, 8, 383, 320, 47802, 372, 46158, 1162, 13953, 1260, 6952, 4103, 420, 187, 998, 494, 7723, 3293, 448, 4863, 7460, 48289, 79, 290, 1162, 295, 8, 405, 333, 290, 7222, 372, 22870, 618, 18696, 36646, 187, 46, 4631, 480, 8, 66, 553, 15923, 43284, 6191, 4198, 373, 2438, 21296, 22572, 1148, 14330, 15, 330, 8, 383, 440, 27749, 6987, 3686, 70, 372, 11581, 682, 372, 46158, 187, 20723, 513, 261, 22870, 546, 3686, 70, 1753, 3293, 704, 86, 18810, 372, 5559, 594, 850, 278, 3013, 4057, 7204, 14333, 14078, 2636, 1753, 5139, 4195, 261, 13, 11565, 5139, 37179, 7032, 372, 187, 15462, 70, 372, 7211, 270, 15864, 373, 7460, 295, 8, 4411, 834, 247, 1028, 328, 2288, 6531, 3293, 43379, 1162, 247, 2092, 3974, 68, 363, 250, 711, 278, 1502, 13711, 4670, 187, 24858, 5139, 425, 618, 261, 7222, 816, 70, 43284, 440, 1578, 4511, 15, 330, 8, 383, 546, 24887, 1452, 3686, 70, 458, 278, 1914, 187, 27681, 295, 8, 383, 7222, 816, 70, 16542, 440, 327, 72, 1059, 7723, 6987, 9703, 1753, 24887, 371, 8, 328, 277, 8, 45969, 24241, 36489, 11565, 1144, 994, 18127, 420, 458, 278, 1914, 187, 36, 8, 383, 546, 19847, 37312, 2092, 12514, 66, 1162, 5139, 425, 618, 261, 7222, 1753, 5139, 1683, 3525, 261, 36646, 21969, 4927, 5139, 22241, 87, 4631, 187, 8478, 3370, 386, 1162, 6987, 1784, 8311, 10133, 3686, 70, 372, 1953, 277, 8, 3298, 857, 74, 187, 3848, 37383, 45631, 1435, 13, 48449, 7204, 46117, 1144, 637, 571, 1452, 16542, 24229, 7032, 372, 1551, 254, 7331, 19847, 372, 46334, 3293, 24101, 87, 18502, 1732, 862, 4624, 16542, 4927, 11591, 265, 1474, 35493, 24229, 17487, 265, 15, 187, 998, 560, 386, 13, 4385, 1144, 14, 336, 1753, 18659, 268, 9457, 91, 458, 29324, 372, 22870, 6987, 19309, 32, 187, 187, 41, 40620, 27, 209, 187, 40808, 15472, 33465, 12001, 2483, 240, 12001, 21433, 20489, 2483, 226, 6280, 234, 2483, 226, 6280, 227, 39695, 17665, 28733, 21433, 22224, 6280, 99, 15754, 30598, 28817, 33358, 22143, 6280, 231, 15754, 6280, 115, 20489, 2483, 116, 15472, 2483, 117, 6280, 110, 6123, 213, 39695, 33465, 15472, 6280, 226, 24381, 33465, 22143, 46069, 2483, 243, 23068, 37500, 15472, 22143, 6280, 239, 20489, 23936, 23068, 12001, 6280, 107, 2483, 96, 2483, 122, 12001, 37500, 33358, 22143, 21433, 20489, 28733, 22224, 6280, 103, 2483, 226, 33465, 6123, 220, 2483, 106, 17665, 2483, 242, 40808, 15472, 29950, 15754, 21433, 25159, 42042, 15472, 2483, 116, 21433, 15754, 23068, 15472, 21433, 15472, 6280, 112, 20489, 2483, 226, 21433, 12001, 32191, 21433, 15754, 23936, 12001, 28817, 6123, 213, 22143, 187, 2483, 226, 24381, 6280, 107, 2483, 96, 2483, 122, 12001, 33465, 17665, 23936, 15754, 6280, 109, 30598, 28817, 33358, 21433, 20489, 6280, 109, 30598, 6280, 107, 30598, 38619, 23936, 21433, 12001, 32191, 28817, 33358, 6280, 231, 15754, 6280, 218, 28733, 29903, 20489, 2483, 226, 28817 ]

करूंगा। बिल्कुल सही हाँ, यह वास्तव में एक अच्छा दिन है। जैसे मैं इसके साथ वास्तव में खुश हूँ लेकिन हाँ, मेरा मतलब है टीमों ने स्पष्ट रूप से बहुत से टीम टूल्स का इस्तेमाल किया क्या आप और वॉल स्ट्रीट जर्नल लोग प्रोजेक्ट मैनेजर या ऐसा कुछ भी इस्तेमाल करते हैं? क्या आप बस अपने निजी कार्यों की तरह चिपके रहेंगे और जवाबदेही, मुझे लगता है कि यह दोनों का मिश्रण है। हम बहुत से ईमेल का उपयोग करते हैं हम बहुत सारी Google चादरें करते हैं जो लड़का मुझे नफरत है और मैं ईमानदारी से, उम्मीद है कि मेरे मालिक इस बात को सुनें और Google शीट्स का उपयोग करने के बारे में अपने दिमाग को बदल दें, लेकिन हम हाँ का उपयोग करते हैं, मेरा मतलब है यह ज्यादातर Google सामान सिर्फ इसलिए है क्योंकि यह है Arabic: وهذا هو مثل ما لا تستخدمه بعد الآن بسبب القصور الذاتي. أنا لا أستخدم Evernote بعد الآن لكن استخدامي الواضح تقلص إلى النصف في الأشهر الستة الأخيرة من هذا القبيل. أنا فقط أحب الخروج فقط في مفهومها. سأضيفها فقط في فكرة بدلاً من أن أبدأها في Evernote. صح نعم ، إنه يوم جيد حقا. مثل أنا حقا سعيد به لكن نعم ، أعني من الواضح أن الفرق كانت تستخدم الكثير من أدوات الفريق هل تستخدم أنت ورجال وول ستريت جورنال مثل مدير المشروع أو أي شيء من هذا القبيل؟ هل ستلتزم فقط بمثل المهام الشخصية الخاصة بك و المساءلة ، أعتقد أنه مزيج من الاثنين. نحن نستخدم الكثير من رسائل البريد الإلكتروني نقوم بالكثير من أوراق Google أي صبي أكره وأنا بصدق ، آمل أن يستمع رؤسائي لهذا الأمر وأن يغيروا رأيهم حول استخدام أوراق Google ، ولكن نحن نستخدم نعم ، أعني انها في الغالب جوجل الاشياء فقط لأنه German: Das sind sozusagen die geteilten Apps und besonders bei einer Organisation, die so groß ist wie die, für die ich neue Software einführe Ein größeres Level ist nur, es ist eine Menge Arbeit und so sind wir relativ Stabil in den Dingen, die funktionieren, und nicht versuchen, das zu zerstören Aber ich mag es, meine eigenen Sachen getrennt zu haben. Es ist ein bisschen wie ein Duplikat von Arbeit Ich muss sicherstellen, dass die Google-Tabellen mit all den Dingen aktualisiert werden, die ich auch mache, aber dazu in der Lage bin Irgendwie haben sie seltsame Notizen, die für niemanden Sinn machen und Schimpfwörter schreiben Und ich weiß nicht, nur einen Platz haben. Das gehört mir Das ist nicht nur ein Tab in einer Sache, die jemand anderes sehen kann, sondern ist ganz mein Eigen Es ist wirklich sehr nett und ich weiß nicht, dass ich das ändern würde, selbst wenn ich könnte Brilliant und eine letzte Art von runden Frage Offensichtlich ist dein Tag manisch, als ob du in der Lage wärst, über all den Tech-Nachrichten auf dem Laufenden zu bleiben, wie es schön sein muss Stressig wie nehmen Sie sich Zeit? French: Ce sont en quelque sorte les applications partagées et en particulier dans une organisation aussi grande que celle dans laquelle je travaille pour introduire de nouveaux logiciels à un plus grand niveau est juste que c'est beaucoup de travail et nous sommes relativement Stable dans les choses qui fonctionnent et n'essayent pas de faire sauter ça Mais j'aime bien avoir mes propres affaires séparées. C'est un peu une sorte de duplicata de travail Je dois faire en sorte que les feuilles de Google soient mises à jour avec tout ce que je fais, mais je suis capable de Sorte de notes bizarres qui n'auront aucun sens pour les autres et aiment écrire des mots grossiers Et je ne sais pas juste avoir un espace. C'est en quelque sorte le mien Ce n'est pas juste comme un onglet dans une chose que quelqu'un d'autre peut voir mais est entièrement le mien C'est en fait vraiment sympa et je ne sais pas que je changerais ça même si je pouvais Brilliant et une dernière sorte de question d'arrondi De toute évidence, votre journée est maniaque comme être capable de rester au fait de toutes les nouvelles technologiques comme si elles devaient être belles. Stressant, comment est-ce que vous prenez le temps de faire une pause? Hindi: वे साझा किए गए ऐप्स की तरह हैं और विशेष रूप से एक संगठन में जितना बड़ा मैं किसी नए सॉफ्टवेयर को पेश करने के लिए काम करता हूं एक बड़ा स्तर यह है कि यह बहुत काम है और इसलिए ह

[ 754, 39841, 13, 16048, 26300, 13, 20766, 13, 322, 461, 7697, 13, 914, 35428, 2389, 13, 3976, 414, 13, 46378, 13, 18966, 13, 27452, 187, 187, 3837, 1120, 316, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 22, 12, 18, 12, 19, 12, 20, 12, 18, 30, 3436, 30, 854, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 37024, 5056, 428, 253, 25056, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 44531, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 388, 23712, 428, 14076, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1731, 15543, 448, 8, 86, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 4021, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 844, 1295, 428, 3506, 1504, 593, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 9170, 33343, 428, 38681, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 844, 1295, 13, 8916, 13, 19580, 1041, 13, 20364, 13, 17724, 13, 2604, 356, 2056, 1204, 13, 32516, 37480, 13, 399, 882, 2392, 1456, 13, 10518, 13, 32886, 13, 46792, 13, 41702, 187, 187, 3837, 5182, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 30, 2164, 30, 721, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 500, 571, 311, 543, 428, 253, 23972, 264, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 23847, 20, 285, 4047, 544, 416, 23909, 428, 268, 1362, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 322, 1947, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 8464, 30832, 428, 36974, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 844, 1295, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 8694, 1870, 13, 49230, 13, 754, 39841, 13, 16048, 26300, 13, 20766, 13, 322, 461, 7697, 13, 914, 35428, 2389, 13, 3976, 414, 13, 46378, 13, 18966, 13, 27452, 187, 187, 3837, 5182, 257, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 30, 5910, 30, 818, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 9251, 5056, 428, 253, 2434, 4837, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 24472, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 1608, 22208, 428, 295, 3230, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 3583, 11290, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 2752, 296, 474, 714, 249, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 15594, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 19296, 254, 13, 6875, 13, 20727, 13, 10286, 13, 12602, 13, 41224, 13, 1219, 48683, 13, 1023, 39796, 13, 43633, 13, 34959, 13, 416, 262, 780, 13, 28003, 13, 399, 525, 414, 13, 2588, 3750, 187, 187, 3837, 5182, 561, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 12, 18, 30, 4791, 30, 854, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 37024, 5056, 428, 253, 25056, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 44531, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 388, 23712, 428, 14076, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1731, 15543, 448, 8, 86, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 4021, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 844, 1295, 428, 3506, 1504, 593, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 9170, 33343, 428, 38681, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 844, 1295, 13, 8916, 13, 19580, 1041, 13, 20364, 13, 17724, 13, 2604, 356, 2056, 1204, 13, 32516, 37480, 13, 399, 882, 2392, 1456, 13, 10518, 13, 32886, 13, 46792, 13, 41702, 187, 187, 3837, 3760, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 20, 30, 3435, 30, 898, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 22371, 4377, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 11086, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 18009, 86, 13, 35978, 428, 465, 536, 20283, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 938, 611, 9041, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 4021, 2017, 16802, 559, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 1176, 16637, 428, 3083, 338, 35804, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 418, 25709, 27789, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 8801, 14621, 13, 41079, 13, 3976, 7116, 13, 6778, 14718, 12189, 13, 23230, 16531, 13, 14559, 3262, 1487, 13, 2752, 11224, 1204, 13, 27955, 13, 49874, 382, 13, 12604, 785, 13, 3035, 48485, 187, 187, 3837, 5651, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 30, 3285, 30, 374, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 30972, 5056, 428, 253, 14559, 780, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 714, 74, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 15753, 13, 480, 74, 428, 14484, 66, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 611, 8, 328, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 4021, 2017, 16802, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 13798, 4787, 2954, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 15594, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 15859, 318, 13, 11680, 318, 13, 46378, 13, 3050, 2492, 13, 34340, 2322, 13, 47002, 1430, 13, 18966, 13, 30866, 13, 29442, 2421, 13, 8397, 5011, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 3230, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 18, 30, 1884, 30, 495, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 401, 1028, 606, 5056, 428, 253, 22371, 273, 44145, 9847, 16997, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 8024, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 5003, 428, 3641, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 16617, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 4021, 559, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 42087, 428, 3392, 285, 3101, 4917, 247, 1429, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 27219, 1108, 9338, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 13936, 31465, 13, 27955, 13, 18299, 13, 38399, 13, 8273, 13, 3975, 13, 17156, 13, 322, 561, 10982, 13, 322, 5725, 13, 3173, 2056, 5051, 13, 11271, 279, 13, 16678, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 1351, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 30, 5910, 30, 818, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 9251, 5056, 428, 253, 2434, 4837, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 24472, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 1608, 22208, 428, 295, 3230, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 3583, 11290, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 2752, 296, 474, 714, 249, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 15594, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 19296, 254, 13, 6875, 13, 20727, 13, 10286, 13, 12602, 13, 41224, 13, 1219, 48683, 13, 1023, 39796, 13, 43633, 13, 34959, 13, 416, 262, 780, 13, 28003, 13, 399, 525, 414, 13, 2588, 3750, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 9045, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 12, 18, 30, 4791, 30, 854, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 37024, 5056, 428, 253, 25056, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 44531, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 388, 23712, 428, 14076, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1731, 15543, 448, 8, 86, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 4021, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 844, 1295, 428, 3506, 1504, 593, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 9170, 33343, 428, 38681, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 844, 1295, 13, 8916, 13, 19580, 1041, 13, 20364, 13, 17724, 13, 2604, 356, 2056, 1204, 13, 32516, 37480, 13, 399, 882, 2392, 1456, 13, 10518, 13, 32886, 13, 46792, 13, 41702, 187, 187, 3837, 5651, 570, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 22, 12, 22, 30, 6931, 30, 495, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 401, 1028, 606, 5056, 428, 253, 22371, 273, 44145, 9847, 16997, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 8024, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 5003, 428, 3641, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 16617, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 4021, 559, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 42087, 428, 3392, 285, 3101, 4917, 247, 1429, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 27219, 1108, 9338, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 13936, 31465, 13, 27955, 13, 18299, 13, 38399, 13, 8273, 13, 3975, 13, 17156, 13, 322, 561, 10982, 13, 322, 5725, 13, 3173, 2056, 5051, 13, 11271, 279, 13, 16678, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 4692, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 23, 30, 4791, 30, 854, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 37024, 5056, 428, 253, 25056, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 44531, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 388, 23712, 428, 14076, 9, 1440, 3467, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1731, 15543, 448, 8, 86, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2644, 559, 4021, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 844, 1295, 428, 3506, 1504, 593, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 9170, 33343, 428, 38681, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 844, 1295, 13, 8916, 13, 19580, 1041, 13, 20364, 13, 17724, 13, 2604, 356, 2056, 1204, 13, 32516, 37480, 13, 399, 882, 2392, 1456, 13, 10518, 13, 32886, 13, 46792, 13, 41702, 187, 187, 3837, 5651, 879, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 23, 12, 24, 12, 20, 12, 22, 30, 2456, 30, 608, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 714, 272, 5056, 428, 253, 28139, 264, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 10283, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 3617, 428, 697, 86, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 1010, 775, 8, 1914, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 559, 2017, 16802, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 15836, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 46378, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 29770, 552, 13, 17702, 6232, 13, 46437, 13, 38264, 13, 3173, 356, 1515, 13, 16061, 14, 31974, 13, 322, 31356, 13, 20574, 13, 754, 4052, 13, 14723, 187, 187, 3837, 5651, 412, 13000, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 22, 12, 23, 12, 24, 12, 23, 12, 20, 12, 26, 12, 18, 30, 9901, 30, 818, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 9251, 5056, 428, 253, 2434, 4837, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 24472, 21, 285, 4047, 544, 1608, 22208, 428, 295, 3230, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 9129, 5032, 1163, 1852, 3583, 11290, 187, 187, 42, 14, 1779, 272, 544, 17265, 5032, 1163, 2017, 16802, 559, 2644, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 1180, 1163, 2752, 296, 474, 714, 249, 187, 187, 39, 1205, 1608, 4113, 3995, 1180, 27, 15594, 187, 187, 6504, 4025, 318, 1163, 19296, 254, 13, 6875, 13, 20727, 13, 10286, 13, 12602, 13, 41224, 13, 1219, 48683, 13, 1023, 39796, 13, 43633, 13, 34959, 13, 416, 262, 780, 13, 28003, 13, 399, 525, 414, 13, 2588, 3750, 187, 187, 3837, 363, 1420, 30, 18, 12, 21, 12, 26, 12, 26, 12, 18, 12, 19, 12, 26, 12, 20, 30, 6480, 30, 374, 187, 187, 27223, 22159, 1163, 30972, 5056, 428, 253, 14559, 780, 22371, 187, 187, 27223, 544, 367, 5104, 249, 5032, 1163, 714, 74, 18, 285, 4047, 544, 15753, 13, 480, 74, 428, 14484, 66, 9, 1641, 86, 10, 5032, 187 ]

Healer, Sympathy, Quality, Sustenance, Unconditional love, Charity, Balance, Grace, Evolution Adrestus=1+4+9+5+1+2+3+1= 26= 8 Chinese dragon : Huanglong - the Yellow Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Qi1 and Japan [ Hachi - ya(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #26 Ta ch'u I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + double divisible Feng Shui number : Wealth - Abundance Feng Shui House number: Multiply - fertile Interpretation : Wealth, Power, Riches, Status, Material, Pragmatism, Aggregation, Dictatorship, Business, Investment, Skills, Reality Adria=1+4+9+9+1= 24= 6 Chinese dragon : Jiaolong - the Horned Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Wu3 and Japan [ Roku - pyn(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : Sung I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + whole Feng Shui number : Esthetics - Beauty Feng Shui House number: Wealth Interpretation : Protector, Provider, Healer, Sympathy, Quality, Sustenance, Unconditional love, Charity, Balance, Grace, Evolution Adriaen=1+4+9+9+1+5+5= 34= 7 Chinese dragon : Panlong - the Coiling Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Liu4 and Japan [ Shichi - nana(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #52 Ken I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible + whole Feng Shui number : Mystical Yin Feng Shui House number: Sure Interpretation : Thinker, Science, Learning, Education, Study, Logic, Alchemy, Secrets, Myth, Religion, Ritual, Knowledge, Dignity, Genius Adriaens=1+4+9+9+1+5+5+1= 35= 8 Chinese dragon : Huanglong - the Yellow Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Qi1 and Japan [ Hachi - ya(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #26 Ta ch'u I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + double divisible Feng Shui number : Wealth - Abundance Feng Shui House number: Multiply - fertile Interpretation : Wealth, Power, Riches, Status, Material, Pragmatism, Aggregation, Dictatorship, Business, Investment, Skills, Reality Adrial=1+4+9+9+1+3= 27= 9 Chinese dragon : Dragon King Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Ba1 and Japan [ Kyu, ku - kokono(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #20 Kuan I-Ching [ revised ] : double divisible + divisible Feng Shui number : Completion - Manifestation Feng Shui House number: Longevity Interpretation : Humanitarian, Religious, Charitable, Philanthropic, Higher Self, Spirit Guides, Mysticism, Faith, Optimist, Karma, Enlightenment Adrian=1+4+9+9+1+5= 29= 2 Chinese dragon : Shenlong - the Spiritual Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Yi1 and Japan [ Ni, ji - futa(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : K'un I-Ching [ revised ] : double divisible + whole Feng Shui number : Promotes relationship Feng Shui House number: Sure Interpretation : Cooperation, Consideration, Balance, Mediation, Flexibility, Adaptability, Grace, Dance, Harmony, Devotion Adriana=1+4+9+9+1+5+1= 30= 3 Chinese dragon : Fucanglong - the Dragon of Hidden Treasures Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Er4 and Japan [ San - mi(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : Pi I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible double + divisible Feng Shui number : Creation - father and mother yield a child Feng Shui House number: Growth – alive Interpretation : Holy Trinity, Faith, Expression, Speech, Society, Art, Culture, Sensuality, Sorrow, Immaturity, Passion, Sex Adriane=1+4+9+9+1+5+5= 34= 7 Chinese dragon : Panlong - the Coiling Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Liu4 and Japan [ Shichi - nana(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #52 Ken I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible + whole Feng Shui number : Mystical Yin Feng Shui House number: Sure Interpretation : Thinker, Science, Learning, Education, Study, Logic, Alchemy, Secrets, Myth, Religion, Ritual, Knowledge, Dignity, Genius Adrianna=1+4+9+9+1+5+5+1= 35= 8 Chinese dragon : Huanglong - the Yellow Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Qi1 and Japan [ Hachi - ya(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #26 Ta ch'u I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + double divisible Feng Shui number : Wealth - Abundance Feng Shui House number: Multiply - fertile Interpretation : Wealth, Power, Riches, Status, Material, Pragmatism, Aggregation, Dictatorship, Business, Investment, Skills, Reality Adrianne=1+4+9+9+1+5+5+5= 39= 3 Chinese dragon : Fucanglong - the Dragon of Hidden Treasures Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Er4 and Japan [ San - mi(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : Pi I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible double + divisible Feng Shui number : Creation - father and mother yield a child Feng Shui House number: Growth – alive Interpretation : Holy Trinity, Faith, Expression, Speech, Society, Art, Culture, Sensuality, Sorrow, Immaturity, Passion, Sex Adriano=1+4+9+9+1+5+6= 35= 8 Chinese dragon : Huanglong - the Yellow Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Qi1 and Japan [ Hachi - ya(ttsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #26 Ta ch'u I-Ching [ revised ] : whole + double divisible Feng Shui number : Wealth - Abundance Feng Shui House number: Multiply - fertile Interpretation : Wealth, Power, Riches, Status, Material, Pragmatism, Aggregation, Dictatorship, Business, Investment, Skills, Reality Adrianople=1+4+9+9+1+5+6+7+3+5= 50= 5 Chinese dragon : Yinglong - the Winged Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Si4 and Japan [ Go - itsu(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #15 Ch'ien I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible + divisible Feng Shui number : Change Feng Shui House number: Balance Interpretation : Visionary, Expansion, Opportunity, Adventure, Imagination, Story-telling, Symbols, Freedom, Healing, Invention Adrianopolis=1+4+9+9+1+5+6+7+6+3+9+1= 61= 7 Chinese dragon : Panlong - the Coiling Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Liu4 and Japan [ Shichi - nana(tsu) ] I-Ching [ ancient ] : #52 Ken I-Ching [ revised ] : divisible + whole Feng Shui number : Mystical Yin Feng Shui House number: Sure Interpretation : Thinker, Science, Learning, Education, Study, Logic, Alchemy, Secrets, Myth, Religion, Ritual, Knowledge, Dignity, Genius Adriatic=1+4+9+9+1+2+9+3= 38= 2 Chinese dragon : Shenlong - the Spiritual Dragon Chinese [ Pinyin ] : Yi1 and Japan [ Ni, ji - futa(tsu) ]

[ 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 69, 25, 27, 186, 1047, 1229, 1423, 71, 20, 50268, 186, 6113, 2676, 186, 85, 17, 13, 296, 1208, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 12352, 27, 186, 10655, 15148, 1508, 50268, 186, 8289, 186, 85, 17, 13, 25121, 9, 1033, 10, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 70, 17, 27, 186, 1047, 938, 1423, 71, 20, 50268, 186, 6113, 2676, 186, 85, 17, 13, 1026, 766, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 70, 21, 27, 186, 10655, 1012, 68, 1508, 50268, 186, 8289, 186, 85, 17, 13, 19100, 9, 1033, 10, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 70, 25, 27, 186, 5831, 1762, 1012, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 17, 13, 1033, 187, 50274, 25, 39197, 886, 27, 186, 20, 66, 1449, 18040, 71, 50268, 186, 75, 186, 33038, 1099, 2270, 654, 13393, 64, 85, 1761, 31, 187, 187, 6744, 26164, 273, 2593, 964, 1156, 27, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 6914, 654, 47962, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 6914, 27, 186, 361, 68, 22, 70, 24, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 9430, 27, 186, 361, 71, 39697, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 22, 187, 50274, 33038, 8012, 27, 186, 361, 2357, 71, 42815, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 24, 187, 50274, 33038, 1518, 68, 27, 186, 361, 68, 25670, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 1911, 186, 66, 20, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 7199, 27, 186, 9992, 24, 2759, 3571, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 91, 186, 66, 22, 13, 33038, 938, 1839, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 1839, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 6759, 27, 186, 361, 68, 44060, 1610, 50268, 186, 1911, 186, 66, 19, 13, 66, 18, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 7798, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 1252, 68, 27, 186, 2640, 69, 3011, 70, 3571, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 20, 13, 33038, 938, 3680, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 3680, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 14952, 27, 186, 13930, 68, 30349, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 21, 13, 17, 9, 66, 18, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1348, 27, 186, 22140, 2227, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1619, 27, 186, 31202, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 18161, 68, 27, 186, 6851, 3141, 6855, 20, 50268, 186, 18516, 186, 66, 21, 6567, 18, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1229, 27, 186, 453, 68, 37687, 70, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 570, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 19, 13, 33038, 14952, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 938, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1706, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1839, 27, 186, 22210, 3011, 1796, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 20, 13, 33038, 938, 1706, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 1706, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 17490, 68, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1449, 27, 186, 13930, 67, 30349, 50268, 186, 392, 186, 66, 21, 13, 17, 9, 66, 18, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2031, 27, 186, 361, 2597, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2385, 27, 186, 361, 2227, 2227, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 33038, 15781, 68, 27, 186, 6851, 24, 12847, 1508, 50268, 186, 8289, 186, 66, 21, 6567, 25, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1235, 27, 186, 22210, 24, 70, 25, 70, 20, 50268, 186, 1559, 16853, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 20, 13, 33038, 938, 1449, 654, 47962, 12, 17, 89, 1449, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3439, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3680, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 16763, 68, 654, 6441, 1178, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 16763, 68, 27, 186, 361, 68, 39697, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1549, 27, 186, 361, 2357, 71, 42815, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 24, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1540, 27, 186, 361, 68, 25670, 1610, 50268, 186, 1911, 186, 66, 19, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2358, 27, 186, 17, 567, 22, 71, 43114, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 10637, 187, 50274, 33038, 18040, 68, 27, 186, 933, 3141, 70, 3571, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 91, 186, 66, 22, 13, 33038, 938, 2055, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 19, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1967, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3566, 27, 186, 2125, 68, 3011, 24235, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 13, 33038, 938, 67, 25, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 22, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3141, 27, 186, 31202, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 18202, 68, 27, 186, 46370, 3141, 6855, 20, 50268, 186, 18516, 186, 66, 18, 6567, 18, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 1438, 27, 186, 453, 71, 3832, 336, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 570, 186, 66, 19, 13, 66, 22, 13, 33038, 938, 3141, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 18, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2759, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2055, 27, 186, 361, 32168, 42815, 50268, 186, 84, 25658, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 13, 17, 89, 25, 187, 50274, 33038, 17391, 68, 27, 186, 361, 67, 24, 70, 22, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 2270, 27, 186, 520, 30479, 42815, 50268, 186, 84, 25658, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 13, 17, 89, 740, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 3953, 27, 186, 361, 67, 24, 70, 24, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 66, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 4185, 27, 186, 9992, 24, 2222, 4590, 50268, 186, 84, 25658, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 22, 13, 17, 89, 938, 187, 50274, 33038, 14009, 68, 27, 186, 361, 71, 22, 70, 22, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 66, 22, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 66, 17, 27, 186, 453, 68, 42763, 70, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 19, 13, 33038, 938, 2759, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 1619, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 66, 21, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 66, 25, 27, 186, 361, 2597, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 317, 27, 186, 46370, 24, 12847, 1508, 50268, 186, 8289, 186, 66, 18, 6567, 25, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 67, 17, 27, 186, 453, 68, 24, 18393, 20, 50268, 186, 1559, 16853, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 19, 13, 33038, 938, 66, 25, 654, 6441, 1178, 12, 17, 89, 21, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 67, 21, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 67, 25, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 938, 12847, 654, 1344, 5025, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 12847, 27, 186, 13930, 2504, 3245, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 22, 13, 17, 9, 66, 17, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 68, 17, 27, 186, 933, 3141, 70, 3571, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 91, 186, 66, 22, 13, 33038, 938, 12352, 654, 1344, 5025, 12, 17, 89, 938, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 68, 21, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 68, 25, 27, 186, 31202, 68, 30349, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 21, 13, 18, 9, 66, 22, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 550, 27, 186, 31202, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 69, 17, 27, 186, 453, 41432, 336, 20, 50268, 186, 67, 41648, 186, 66, 21, 13, 33038, 938, 68, 25, 654, 1344, 5025, 12, 17, 10587, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 69, 21, 27, 186, 1449, 66, 49082, 1610, 50268, 186, 2377, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 69, 25, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 12352, 27, 186, 9439, 42640, 50268, 186, 965, 186, 66, 17, 13, 17, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 70, 17, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 938, 70, 21, 654, 1344, 21630, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 70, 21, 27, 186, 13930, 2504, 3245, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 22, 13, 17, 9, 66, 17, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 70, 25, 27, 186, 22140, 2227, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 886, 27, 186, 22140, 1762, 1012, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 17, 13, 18, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 71, 17, 27, 186, 22650, 22, 68, 30349, 50268, 186, 77, 9111, 186, 66, 21, 6567, 18, 9, 66, 18, 10, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 71, 21, 27, 186, 933, 3141, 66, 3571, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 91, 186, 66, 22, 13, 25, 12603, 12347, 654, 1344, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 1348, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 71, 25, 27, 186, 6851, 24, 2691, 70, 20, 50268, 186, 1257, 82, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 21, 13, 33038, 938, 70, 21, 654, 1344, 21630, 31, 187, 50274, 33038, 938, 12964, 27, 186, 19635, 37256, 67, 50268, 186, 339, 633, 15, 88, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 22, 187, 50274, 33038, 38832, 27, 186, 1449, 70, 1235, 3357, 67, 50268, 186, 2377, 88, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 21, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 11238, 27, 186, 1418, 1438, 2251, 50268, 186, 1221, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 12347, 27, 186, 9439, 42640, 50268, 186, 965, 186, 66, 17, 13, 17, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 740, 68, 27, 186, 567, 22, 567, 3071, 71, 50268, 186, 75, 186, 33038, 38832, 654, 1344, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 18, 68, 31, 187, 187, 4226, 33038, 49352, 654, 6441, 21630, 32056, 187, 50274, 33038, 49352, 27, 186, 361, 67, 39697, 67, 20, 50268, 186, 263, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 18, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 13391, 27, 186, 361, 2357, 71, 42815, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 24, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 14711, 27, 186, 9992, 2787, 70, 3571, 50268, 186, 67, 41648, 186, 66, 22, 13, 25, 12603, 17161, 654, 6441, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 2031, 31, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 883, 68, 27, 186, 567, 25, 25025, 1012, 50268, 186, 38911, 186, 66, 23, 13, 66, 19, 6567, 25, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 8193, 27, 186, 9104, 27101, 1610, 50268, 186, 1911, 186, 66, 23, 13, 66, 17, 13, 66, 23, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 13397, 27, 186, 15960, 3011, 39948, 50268, 186, 67, 463, 86, 186, 66, 17, 13, 66, 23, 13, 25, 12603, 17161, 654, 6441, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 2031, 31, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 8196, 27, 186, 933, 1235, 42815, 50268, 186, 36386, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 17, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 805, 68, 27, 186, 520, 1418, 23, 71, 50268, 186, 75, 186, 25, 12603, 1012, 68, 654, 6441, 21630, 12, 17, 89, 19, 68, 31, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 11246, 27, 186, 361, 2597, 2597, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 22, 13, 66, 22, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 25, 12603, 15468, 27, 186, 361, 2227, 2227, 4590, 50268, 186, 1911, 74, 186, 66, 18, 13, 66, 18, 13, 25, 187, 50274, 25, 12603 ]

800001d8: 143022f3 csrr t0,stval 800001dc: 10513823 sd t0,272(sp) 800001e0: 142022f3 csrr t0,scause 800001e4: 10513c23 sd t0,280(sp) 800001e8: 00010513 mv a0,sp 800001ec: 3a40206f j 80002590 <handle_trap> Disassembly of section .text: 0000000080002000 <memcpy>: 80002000: 00c5e7b3 or a5,a1,a2 80002004: 00f567b3 or a5,a0,a5 80002008: 0077f793 andi a5,a5,7 8000200c: 00c506b3 add a3,a0,a2 80002010: 02078463 beqz a5,80002038 <memcpy+0x38> 80002014: 00c58633 add a2,a1,a2 80002018: 00050793 mv a5,a0 8000201c: 02d57e63 bgeu a0,a3,80002058 <memcpy+0x58> 80002020: 0005c703 lbu a4,0(a1) 80002024: 00158593 addi a1,a1,1 80002028: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1 8000202c: fee78fa3 sb a4,-1(a5) 80002030: fec598e3 bne a1,a2,80002020 <memcpy+0x20> 80002034: 00008067 ret 80002038: fed57ee3 bgeu a0,a3,80002034 <memcpy+0x34> 8000203c: 00050793 mv a5,a0 80002040: 0005b703 ld a4,0(a1) 80002044: 00878793 addi a5,a5,8 80002048: 00858593 addi a1,a1,8 8000204c: fee7bc23 sd a4,-8(a5) 80002050: fed7e8e3 bltu a5,a3,80002040 <memcpy+0x40> 80002054: 00008067 ret 80002058: 00008067 ret 000000008000205c <memset>: 8000205c: 00c567b3 or a5,a0,a2 80002060: 0077f793 andi a5,a5,7 80002064: 00c50633 add a2,a0,a2 80002068: 0ff5f593 andi a1,a1,255 8000206c: 00078e63 beqz a5,80002088 <memset+0x2c> 80002070: 00050793 mv a5,a0 80002074: 04c57263 bgeu a0,a2,800020b8 <memset+0x5c> 80002078: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1 8000207c: feb78fa3 sb a1,-1(a5) 80002080: fef61ce3 bne a2,a5,80002078 <memset+0x1c> 80002084: 00008067 ret 80002088: 00859793 slli a5,a1,0x8 8000208c: 00b7e5b3 or a1,a5,a1 80002090: 01059793 slli a5,a1,0x10 80002094: 00b7e7b3 or a5,a5,a1 80002098: 02079593 slli a1,a5,0x20 8000209c: 00f5e5b3 or a1,a1,a5 800020a0: fec572e3 bgeu a0,a2,80002084 <memset+0x28> 800020a4: 00050793 mv a5,a0 800020a8: 00878793 addi a5,a5,8 800020ac: feb7bc23 sd a1,-8(a5) 800020b0: fec7ece3 bltu a5,a2,800020a8 <memset+0x4c> 800020b4: 00008067 ret 800020b8: 00008067 ret 00000000800020bc <strlen>: 800020bc: 00054783 lbu a5,0(a0) 800020c0: 00078e63 beqz a5,800020dc <strlen+0x20> 800020c4: 00050793 mv a5,a0 800020c8: 0017c703 lbu a4,1(a5) 800020cc: 00178793 addi a5,a5,1 800020d0: fe071ce3 bnez a4,800020c8 <strlen+0xc> 800020d4: 40a78533 sub a0,a5,a0 800020d8: 00008067 ret 800020dc: 00000513 li a0,0 800020e0: 00008067 ret 00000000800020e4 <strcmp>: 800020e4: 00054783 lbu a5,0(a0) 800020e8: 00158593 addi a1,a1,1 800020ec: 00150513 addi a0,a0,1 800020f0: fff5c703 lbu a4,-1(a1) 800020f4: 00078a63 beqz a5,80002108 <strcmp+0x24> 800020f8: fee786e3 beq a5,a4,800020e4 <strcmp> 800020fc: 0007851b sext.w a0,a5 80002100: 40e5053b subw a0,a0,a4 80002104: 00008067 ret 80002108: 00000513 li a0,0 8000210c: ff5ff06f j 80002100 <strcmp+0x1c> 0000000080002110 <memcmp>: 80002110: 00b567b3 or a5,a0,a1 80002114: 0077f793 andi a5,a5,7 80002118: 02079e63 bnez a5,80002154 <memcmp+0x44> 8000211c: ff867813 andi a6,a2,-8 80002120: 01050833 add a6,a0,a6 80002124: 03057863 bgeu a0,a6,80002154 <memcmp+0x44> 80002128: 00050793 mv a5,a0 8000212c: 0100006f j 8000213c <memcmp+0x2c> 80002130: 00878793 addi a5,a5,8 80002134: 00858593 addi a1,a1,8 80002

[ 423, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 281, 25963, 1897, 313, 34235, 273, 5093, 10, 604, 581, 390, 625, 273, 841, 6266, 368, 27, 187, 187, 1128, 1422, 452, 13719, 12511, 390, 625, 281, 7168, 187, 187, 1128, 1422, 4390, 5484, 32840, 35115, 1264, 390, 625, 2069, 591, 2129, 187, 187, 1128, 1422, 403, 247, 924, 14065, 187, 187, 5817, 1422, 9017, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 984, 13, 762, 841, 2515, 13, 352, 778, 1379, 3356, 685, 5093, 1897, 281, 40472, 285, 10347, 634, 2133, 323, 253, 25619, 614, 3408, 15, 831, 6508, 40472, 588, 1361, 22950, 634, 2133, 434, 4688, 14, 14814, 272, 3745, 15, 187, 187, 11831, 46854, 281, 4597, 1004, 27, 18665, 13, 24373, 13, 2884, 2345, 187, 187, 7093, 4597, 1004, 3408, 25068, 634, 787, 4875, 347, 3477, 347, 337, 13, 374, 13, 495, 27, 187, 187, 13996, 337, 27, 18665, 187, 187, 13996, 374, 27, 24373, 187, 187, 13996, 495, 27, 2884, 2345, 187, 187, 1394, 2624, 253, 12134, 326, 787, 4875, 368, 13, 368, 823, 253, 4076, 12134, 281, 4076, 339, 13, 285, 368, 26363, 253, 34404, 342, 388, 19, 48, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 13996, 337, 27, 18665, 64, 187, 187, 8486, 1004, 272, 310, 512, 670, 12478, 562, 634, 985, 15, 30778, 2970, 271, 4166, 1818, 323, 634, 1113, 533, 760, 6240, 747, 4166, 285, 1335, 970, 634, 1711, 13, 16076, 13, 285, 908, 14, 484, 4166, 5806, 15, 1284, 5352, 285, 1029, 3290, 347, 326, 747, 4166, 310, 13, 352, 1335, 588, 320, 11742, 949, 326, 1711, 5806, 15, 831, 2097, 634, 1113, 434, 3948, 310, 1335, 2970, 247, 2257, 273, 650, 553, 285, 650, 262, 432, 253, 1711, 5806, 285, 10305, 253, 5649, 273, 253, 747, 4166, 594, 352, 1912, 626, 1408, 347, 973, 347, 352, 812, 320, 3515, 15, 831, 4473, 43630, 9670, 342, 634, 2133, 15, 46285, 28452, 1293, 40472, 272, 310, 816, 751, 2970, 271, 4166, 1818, 1293, 6890, 634, 5806, 15, 733, 760, 35910, 629, 273, 253, 1895, 13, 594, 281, 22950, 253, 28452, 12134, 368, 1472, 9123, 13, 368, 671, 878, 281, 4076, 598, 634, 2133, 434, 15116, 407, 11922, 512, 253, 305, 3938, 13, 534, 588, 755, 634, 11082, 3515, 751, 247, 973, 14, 80, 4206, 5145, 2, 187, 187, 1909, 368, 40472, 13, 368, 1833, 671, 320, 10305, 6714, 787, 4875, 15, 2071, 80, 839, 49133, 1066, 253, 3885, 273, 634, 11082, 13, 2157, 684, 634, 2801, 13, 285, 2789, 634, 10015, 1928, 247, 1979, 1512, 1355, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 673, 281, 755, 368, 35766, 13532, 896, 715, 634, 638, 14, 67, 19699, 27929, 313, 2520, 310, 2032, 323, 1097, 1821, 285, 2255, 10, 285, 7168, 326, 41756, 249, 1755, 13, 38857, 2389, 22139, 15, 1916, 513, 326, 13, 634, 806, 3213, 310, 281, 2624, 253, 12134, 285, 17208, 326, 2847, 31767, 839, 15, 23195, 310, 247, 1618, 273, 12134, 326, 1056, 368, 13280, 1824, 13, 3560, 407, 247, 2159, 8813, 347, 281, 2139, 1016, 2739, 390, 5484, 943, 320, 5176, 275, 436, 3408, 15, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 28782, 38708, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 8639, 368, 1265, 1095, 4093, 479, 13, 309, 9023, 326, 846, 634, 854, 12664, 14311, 13, 368, 1833, 320, 2104, 281, 3324, 841, 12134, 28249, 896, 715, 634, 11484, 2098, 604, 368, 594, 8327, 13, 1309, 634, 596, 6606, 3408, 13, 285, 247, 1643, 1309, 634, 25619, 614, 3408, 15, 187, 187, 32473, 84, 281, 18665, 6408, 5402, 4597, 1004, 19368, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 9030, 10284, 64, 187, 187, 9030, 10284, 310, 247, 3511, 9400, 285, 310, 4541, 1146, 7478, 347, 581, 273, 253, 5962, 31767, 839, 285, 10142, 12696, 275, 12134, 15, 4051, 10284, 310, 247, 2570, 2601, 326, 4245, 10238, 697, 43546, 285, 310, 6685, 1892, 323, 634, 2133, 281, 19818, 15, 733, 434, 5431, 1119, 275, 954, 10238, 3580, 13, 2469, 284, 13, 285, 9731, 932, 15, 831, 10183, 342, 27665, 310, 752, 5644, 281, 10696, 285, 31767, 839, 15, 9870, 323, 33666, 14, 4924, 13301, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 52, 899, 64, 187, 187, 52, 899, 26022, 3831, 8708, 7006, 1925, 310, 1171, 19306, 2487, 15, 2053, 7006, 9632, 634, 2133, 281, 4711, 253, 14689, 25149, 13, 285, 25149, 5997, 634, 2133, 281, 4657, 4688, 285, 787, 4875, 15, 8464, 12991, 310, 271, 1774, 14689, 275, 2255, 285, 1821, 313, 3529, 434, 987, 1128, 3767, 452, 247, 1652, 25149, 1512, 30970, 380, 5691, 342, 25149, 310, 672, 634, 2133, 11330, 1512, 1199, 13, 534, 310, 4555, 2139, 19175, 310, 2624, 275, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 1128, 936, 3657, 25149, 31778, 2, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 6892, 265, 265, 285, 714, 462, 4405, 64, 187, 187, 42, 871, 436, 1537, 320, 247, 10458, 581, 13, 347, 12173, 285, 39191, 403, 3477, 10013, 686, 79, 8, 564, 4324, 285, 597, 9075, 1270, 15, 1292, 1097, 273, 841, 9569, 767, 7881, 15, 3973, 13, 597, 403, 10607, 342, 16184, 583, 313, 66, 8618, 1119, 275, 22759, 481, 1916, 14556, 19818, 16184, 583, 13, 634, 2133, 11330, 271, 9548, 1925, 16184, 511, 15, 2091, 368, 1053, 626, 452, 2217, 16184, 511, 13, 16184, 583, 476, 626, 320, 4751, 38780, 13, 8479, 31767, 839, 285, 3678, 313, 25737, 794, 30970, 380, 1273, 5691, 310, 326, 1142, 952, 452, 247, 4512, 37415, 281, 8463, 2601, 15, 380, 906, 476, 320, 6714, 47489, 13, 534, 5644, 281, 1481, 285, 9081, 35367, 347, 973, 347, 10696, 15, 3954, 368, 1537, 320, 4680, 13, 795, 7161, 588, 309, 320, 2970, 619, 11672, 19712, 19743, 13, 823, 4759, 10617, 90, 15737, 751, 42154, 13, 465, 1079, 13, 285, 3007, 472, 35599, 285, 4759, 15737, 751, 1795, 43363, 285, 347, 1148, 38252, 281, 634, 2098, 15, 1583, 403, 10607, 342, 11672, 285, 1053, 626, 2847, 31767, 839, 15, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 5330, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 688, 3213, 374, 273, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 13, 24373, 313, 12550, 1735, 3213, 582, 309, 5513, 2139, 352, 434, 1774, 281, 452, 41482, 347, 973, 347, 2644, 2739, 275, 634, 11484, 2098, 15, 5761, 273, 253, 8521, 41482, 275, 634, 2098, 513, 3831, 690, 8463, 2601, 13, 13415, 20112, 1160, 407, 17450, 6369, 285, 1294, 936, 13274, 90, 1160, 407, 8916, 7306, 3204, 15, 12571, 281, 253, 1039, 1097, 273, 841, 41482, 403, 1160, 13, 368, 10095, 626, 2793, 667, 36013, 7881, 326, 368, 1537, 13329, 342, 2644, 14, 22009, 76, 2601, 751, 12173, 285, 39191, 15, 1310, 368, 1335, 2793, 36013, 7881, 13, 3365, 5234, 281, 7238, 14, 11300, 2601, 390, 581, 273, 253, 8521, 4444, 14, 3169, 2601, 46697, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 7676, 967, 34073, 64, 187, 187, 1231, 2223, 4089, 13, 346, 34, 4353, 8618, 449, 2064, 3908, 2506, 626, 1056, 1199, 3282, 1580, 512, 38401, 313, 37609, 13, 15737, 13, 285, 19786, 13, 342, 9538, 1146, 253, 6517, 10, 403, 7218, 1025, 715, 8618, 15, 1737, 368, 2686, 878, 281, 3698, 323, 310, 22407, 8618, 13, 534, 310, 253, 2879, 8618, 326, 434, 1119, 275, 26996, 13, 29737, 13, 954, 11742, 12134, 13, 285, 594, 327, 15, 7567, 967, 36984, 2486, 10323, 667, 8618, 326, 434, 417, 10748, 12952, 275, 253, 2739, 15, 187, 187, 6872, 3510, 273, 36984, 24147, 634, 2614, 8618, 13, 534, 23785, 4688, 5718, 285, 1824, 17302, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 52, 16734, 14, 14344, 26048, 36335, 64, 187, 187, 35313, 452, 3678, 672, 41927, 8618, 14, 4924, 30961, 32, 733, 6569, 281, 954, 273, 441, 13, 285, 253, 43412, 310, 253, 8618, 14, 4924, 7353, 4330, 275, 253, 30961, 15, 380, 954, 908, 8618, 14, 4924, 7353, 36335, 2486, 27, 44928, 482, 13, 7044, 3615, 460, 13, 21791, 2713, 311, 13, 44994, 16180, 13, 285, 8227, 1544, 583, 15, 2053, 403, 346, 39182, 3, 36984, 326, 403, 4447, 342, 247, 4021, 8618, 12570, 326, 634, 2133, 476, 626, 19818, 15, 3932, 436, 12570, 476, 626, 320, 38780, 13, 253, 906, 310, 3678, 285, 31767, 839, 15, 1707, 310, 9828, 273, 2561, 326, 841, 2378, 14, 85, 483, 264, 49450, 618, 735, 778, 2686, 320, 7197, 323, 634, 2133, 685, 22407, 8618, 310, 15, 380, 1270, 3668, 310, 13, 627, 310, 2168, 247, 3626, 285, 5875, 7353, 4330, 327, 253, 2791, 1925, 331, 1173, 571, 13, 534, 476, 320, 38780, 407, 634, 2133, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 46061, 64, 187, 187, 42, 4456, 7487, 619, 2243, 452, 690, 1684, 30736, 342, 617, 7043, 13, 10369, 2, 1244, 253, 1735, 1388, 703, 651, 3894, 849, 268, 26948, 703, 3543, 15, 35794, 7043, 281, 634, 2739, 390, 9123, 11742, 2739, 313, 4609, 310, 10607, 342, 7043, 10, 588, 2847, 7863, 31767, 839, 15, 6000, 47663, 3358, 273, 11914, 45465, 1824, 13, 8479, 634, 2133, 281, 13280, 1824, 15, 380, 625, 7043, 368, 6008, 13, 253, 625, 31767, 839, 368, 1833, 2793, 15, 496, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 13, 253, 760, 7043, 368, 588, 452, 310, 253, 1355, 3626, 2408, 275, 253, 4076, 12134, 368, 1833, 320, 9123, 15, 1310, 368, 1472, 247, 7043, 21514, 751, 619, 2243, 13, 642, 878, 281, 18829, 13, 275, 634, 596, 6606, 3408, 13, 368, 476, 28249, 823, 7043, 896, 715, 634, 2098, 15, 5402, 767, 1682, 7043, 10165, 403, 6150, 7043, 285, 14863, 49389, 26782, 7043, 13, 347, 1097, 403, 3626, 285, 440, 36981, 285, 1361, 15338, 253, 31767, 839, 2538, 273, 3963, 2829, 7043, 15, 3771, 4456, 281, 897, 731, 28249, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 52, 17457, 16, 14918, 313, 37, 2880, 285, 35116, 11824, 187, 187, 42, 871, 436, 3548, 626, 247, 6966, 254, 13, 347, 359, 1472, 2183, 407, 2761, 4130, 281, 2624, 29737, 15, 1707, 434, 247, 1175, 1921, 281, 513, 436, 15, 1876, 3510, 273, 9359, 284, 403, 2120, 273, 17110, 13, 6315, 318, 313, 4609, 5997, 3678, 275, 634, 540, 383, 1100, 582, 285, 2057, 22407, 8618, 313, 12846, 29737, 10, 390, 8618, 14, 4924, 7353, 36335, 313, 69, 2880, 29737, 481, 1737, 309, 1849, 6311, 310, 952, 403, 7660, 281, 616, 29737, 13, 594, 309, 1353, 3365, 7004, 368, 281, 2624, 352, 323, 5093, 1897, 15, 1737, 368, 1833, 923, 310, 326, 5093, 1897, 1996, 13, 368, 1912, 626, 8034, 306, 29737, 10542, 285, 368, 1833, 320, 1679, 31767, 456, 15, 18603, 3330, 2, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 2422, 26898, 64, 187, 187, 4125, 368, 1537, 320, 4680, 13, 795, 42, 1869, 7665, 44317, 684, 479, 13, 594, 849, 476, 352, 787, 4875, 479, 19712, 6089, 368, 1472, 987, 326, 352, 44317, 684, 368, 15, 2091, 634, 2133, 9193, 352, 2506, 626, 452, 2217, 1824, 13, 352, 15036, 715, 1824, 14, 1221, 1075, 4438, 281, 4017, 3139, 13, 8558, 275, 2426, 273, 2614, 2685, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 7665, 13201, 84, 634, 27665, 407, 2403, 634, 2133, 7218, 907, 253, 7665, 806, 313, 267, 26898, 24692, 476, 626, 320, 908, 323, 2341, 10, 1078, 634, 2739, 310, 38780, 15, 4923, 273, 436, 27665, 5778, 13, 627, 310, 247, 3687, 4839, 323, 634, 2739, 281, 320, 7141, 347, 4688, 15, 6610, 13, 7665, 13201, 84, 634, 4600, 11945, 13, 285, 2406, 3290, 273, 4600, 18207, 625, 4073, 13, 285, 326, 18207, 625, 31767, 839, 15, 187, 187, 2598, 816, 751, 29737, 13, 2624, 253, 7665, 323, 5093, 1897, 15, 2635, 309, 1833, 921, 368, 849, 281, 28249, 789, 7665, 896, 715, 634, 1495, 247, 1652, 387, 247, 673, 275, 634, 596, 6606, 3408, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 795, 36, 23520, 285, 330, 23510, 3901, 29464, 64, 187, 187, 10195, 273, 441, 2389, 8574, 285, 29106, 3901, 10331, 1128, 42, 871, 309, 513, 2, 1583, 1472, 2624, 432, 634, 4597, 1004, 3408, 281, 1361, 755, 634, 33903, 21147, 313, 12550, 9378, 10, 22269, 598, 285, 281, 6654, 562, 634, 32996, 2308, 15, 380, 35644, 275, 8574, 285, 10331, 23785, 271, 689, 14, 16690, 273, 20385, 16373, 432, 634, 33903, 21147, 13, 534, 310, 840, 2258, 3606, 342, 247, 3727, 273, 634, 4073, 14689, 32996, 313, 15627, 1199, 32996, 275, 634, 2133, 5644, 281, 25824, 23828, 4688, 481, 5595, 8574, 285, 29106, 3901, 10331, 5484, 398, 452, 10166, 616, 8248, 281, 10725, 327, 326, 35644, 16949, 1128, 10352, 1037, 634, 2133, 556, 2489, 46512, 281, 253, 35644, 15, 831, 5997, 368, 281, 897, 35644, 281, 8989, 690, 5368, 4600, 26367, 285, 18693, 15, 18665, 1076, 35644, 588, 5386, 253, 15223 ]

end your Detox phase to fourteen days (instead of seven) if one or more of these describe you: — You have fifty pounds or more to lose — You currently drink alcoholic beverages three or more times per week — You are a smoker • You extend your Detox phase because, under these conditions, it may take longer than seven days to detox and prepare your body for the Ignite phase. This extended detox will help maximize your body's fat-burning ability. Three Steps to Detox: Cut, Clean, Flush Your Detox phase loses your bloat as easy as 1, 2, 3: Step 1: Cut Step 2: Clean Step 3: Flush You cut the foods that bloat you, you add the clean foods to cleanse, and you flush the toxins with H2O. #### _Step 1: Cut_ Detoxing is all about cleaning out your system. Imagine getting an oil change for your car but only adding new oil and still using your old, dirty, and used-up oil filter. As fresh and high quality as that new oil is, it still will be processed through that old filter. This means your car's engine is still getting a lot of grime and grit from the old filter and losing the benefit of the new oil so it won't run as well as it could be running. This concept parallels perfectly with your body. Eating cleaner without detoxing is just like getting an oil change without changing your filter. It only solves part of the problem, so to maximize the cleaner foods you're eating, you also need to clean up your body's filters by removing all the gunk, which will get your metabolism running like a well-oiled machine! As you detox, you'll also be losing excess bloat. Bloating slows down the speed of your metabolism, inflates your weight, and makes your clothes feel a size too small. It's time to get you comfortably fitting back into your pre-baby jeans (this is true for both men and women) and lose that muffin top, aka love handles. To do that, your first step is to cut the foods and drinks that cause bloating. Below is a list of foods that make you retain water, followed by a short explanation as to why each food or drink should be removed in this phase. * * * Quick Tip * * * Before you start cursing me, I promise that after your 8 Week Run, you'll be able to bring these foods moderately back into your meal plan if you so desire, during your Thrive phase, and a few during your Ignite phase. Foods to Cut During Your Detox Phase #### _Gluten_ Gluten is a hot topic and is quickly being recognized as one of the biggest bloating and inflammatory ingredients in foods. Gluten is a complex protein that gives bread its elasticity and is extremely hard for your body to digest. It's typically found in most bread products, pastas, and cereals. This difficulty with digestion is what leads to inflammation and bloating. Look for gluten-free labels. #### _Soy_ Soybeans contain organic compounds called isoflavones. These compounds trigger your body to produce the hormone estrogen, and estrogen causes your body to store fat and bloat. Estrogen is an important hormone in women and men (that's right—men have a little estrogen too!). The challenge with estrogen is when your body produces too much, which is exactly why soy is cut in your Detox phase—to prevent estrogen overload! #### _Cheeses and Yogurt_ I know this might be a tough one, as cheese and yogurt are easy grab 'n' go proteins and they taste great. But both of these introduce two challenges. First, they are loaded with lactose (a sugar found in dairy). To efficiently digest lactose, your body produces an enzyme called lactase. When you don't have enough lactase, lactose can't be fully digested, causing bloating and gas (always fun!). The second challenge is that many people have a slight allergy to milk protein. The result can be excess mucus, which leads to head and chest congestion as well as inflammation. Now you might be thinking, _Where will I be getting my calcium?_ Simple, add green leafy vegetables like spinach, kale, and collard greens and green vegetables like broccoli and asparagus to your plan. They are loaded with calcium and don't cause bloating. * * * Exception * * * In step 2 of your Detox phase, Clean (your next step), I explain why it's important to have shakes as well as whole food in your meal plan. Two of the recommended shakes in your plan do contain some milk protein, Core Protein made by MYNT and Proto Whey made by Power Crunch. Due to the way both of these shakes are made, you shouldn't experience any digestive challenges that you might encounter with whole-milk protein like cheese and yogurt. If you still experience digestive challenges, simply switch to egg-white protein or one of the recommended plant-based protein powders. #### _Refined Sugar_ We often hear, "Avoid sugar." That statement doesn't make much sense since all carbohydrates (fruit, vegetables, and grains, with fiber being the exception) are metabolized into sugar. What you actually need to watch for is refined sugar, which is the added sugar that's found in candy, soda, most processed foods, and so on. Refined sugars include basically any sugar that's not naturally occurring in the food. These types of sugars spike your blood sugar, which triggers fat storage and water retention. #### _Sugar-Free Sweeteners_ Ever have gas when chewing sugar-free gum? It happens to most of us, and the culprit is the sugar-free sweetener in the gum. The most used sugar-free sweeteners include: aspartame, saccharine, sorbitol, xylitol, and sucralose. These are "fake" sugars that are formed with a double sugar molecule that your body can't digest. Since this molecule can't be digested, the result is gas and bloating. There is plenty of research that these once-touted calorie savers may actually be worse for your body than refined sugar is. The great news is, there is already a natural and healthy sweetener on the market called stevia, which can be digested by your body. #### _Salt_ I remember watching my mom have some popcorn with her salt, seriously! And the next day she would share how puffy she felt. Adding salt to your food or eating processed food (which is loaded with salt) will cause massive bloating. Every milligram of sodium attracts water, causing your body to retain water. The more salt you eat, the more bloating you'll experience. In your Detox phase, the only salt you will have is the small natural amount in the clean foods you'll be eating. If you're a salt lover like my mom, no need to panic, in your Thrive phase, you can moderately add salt back into your plan. Your two best salt choices are sea salt and pink Himalayan salt, as both are natural and unprocessed and help minimize the bloating effects of regular table salt. Just remember to use them moderately. #### _Soda/Pop (Diet and Regular)_ I know this isn't a shocker, as we're told by almost everyone to cut soda. There's a good reason to do this. All types of sodas are full of chemicals, carbonation (which causes gas in your intestines), and either refined sugar (regular soda) or sugar-free sweeteners (diet soda). What I've learned is people are attached to their soda, so I'm simply asking you to cut it for seven days. What you'll see is that seven days later, you won't crave soda anymore and you'll be less bloated. Double win! #### _Alcohol_ Now you might be thinking, _I thought alcohol dehydrates me, so how can it bloat me?_ Well you're right that it dehydrates you. When your body feels it doesn't have enough water, it shifts into water-retention mode to protect itself, primarily in terms of blood flow. In addition, alcohol disrupts your digestion by making your body metabolize the alcohol first (alcohol calories can't be used for energy) before your food is digested. Because of this digestion delay, there is a greater chance for your food to be stored as fat. Finally, alcohol disrupts your sleep cycles, and lower quality of sleep equals more stress, and that equals more bloating. So just like soda, cut the alcohol for seven days. Then I'll show you how to moderately work alcohol back into your life a little at a time in your Thrive phase. #### _Coffee and Caffeinated Tea_ Many of us love coffee and caffeinated tea—I know I do! They're cut from your Detox phase to help get your adrenal gland (your battery) cleaned up and to balance out your cortisol levels. The caffeine in coffee and tea triggers an over-release of adrenaline from your adrenal gland, which is then countered with a release of your stress hormone cortisol (too much cortisol in your body leads to unwanted belly fat). Most coffee and caffeinated tea drinkers have trained their bodies to rely on that caffeine rush—basically your body has become addicted to the caffeine. This causes you to use caffeine to mask some existing sleep deprivation and fatigue. Cutting caffeine will remove the fake

[ 413, 44041, 16112, 407, 3443, 21664, 1321, 2021, 187, 187, 395, 1424, 78, 318, 273, 521, 3392, 14, 249, 14, 6937, 187, 187, 250, 336, 1644, 32852, 432, 9011, 6086, 13054, 187, 187, 17932, 273, 187, 187, 3431, 3022, 273, 4033, 6595, 1157, 187, 187, 78, 11625, 2021, 281, 6193, 76, 3964, 30230, 24833, 14, 26, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 45010, 11933, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 24504, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 6086, 187, 187, 1405, 1507, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 284, 4033, 6595, 434, 18069, 1157, 1157, 655, 14, 938, 13, 1157, 4772, 1157, 21043, 14, 25, 13, 1157, 1157, 21748, 14, 26, 13, 1157, 24549, 14, 20, 13, 24727, 14, 22, 13, 187, 187, 26975, 273, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 1033, 1727, 23193, 342, 521, 3392, 187, 187, 38131, 8704, 1157, 27587, 14, 19, 187, 187, 18683, 3903, 10270, 273, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 281, 444, 1299, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 521, 3392, 25384, 14, 24, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 521, 3101, 187, 187, 395, 14924, 273, 4033, 6595, 347, 29921, 187, 187, 5309, 968, 253, 8663, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 32509, 460, 686, 41032, 6595, 8, 313, 46117, 14786, 67, 10, 1157, 1668, 14, 1166, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 24519, 14, 740, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 5332, 187, 187, 25857, 273, 187, 187, 26975, 273, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 84, 2066, 398, 432, 46886, 285, 9454, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 4033, 6595, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 251, 13319, 342, 3101, 285, 253, 4033, 2246, 187, 187, 17932, 273, 1638, 14, 1010, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 4651, 187, 187, 395, 7993, 434, 4081, 2021, 2892, 1458, 14, 1036, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 521, 4651, 187, 187, 38131, 8704, 187, 187, 395, 4033, 6595, 434, 8304, 187, 187, 250, 34274, 323, 14183, 17861, 29066, 6822, 1157, 187, 187, 284, 4322, 281, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 395, 6393, 4033, 6595, 434, 18830, 187, 187, 42618, 273, 521, 3101, 434, 8208, 281, 17129, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 78, 11625, 281, 8647, 3354, 7061, 15894, 24519, 14, 26, 187, 187, 250, 336, 1644, 10105, 280, 3877, 432, 427, 10059, 28940, 72, 1665, 187, 187, 7110, 1895, 342, 7013, 90, 339, 785, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 14884, 313, 52, 1190, 13917, 500, 406, 30024, 10, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 45351, 2516, 17294, 14, 22, 13, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 20145, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 6393, 1157, 15610, 14, 25, 13, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 6277, 187, 187, 25857, 273, 187, 187, 3467, 9429, 273, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 27862, 14, 2945, 13, 1157, 27146, 14, 22, 13, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 284, 4033, 6595, 434, 18069, 1157, 2164, 14, 22, 13, 22287, 14, 26, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 848, 14, 20, 13, 22750, 14, 24, 13, 22750, 14, 25, 187, 187, 38131, 8704, 1157, 27587, 14, 19, 187, 187, 284, 1566, 323, 7993, 9251, 23957, 187, 187, 8, 1145, 17447, 10010, 40725, 8, 342, 7493, 187, 187, 42618, 407, 521, 3101, 326, 4033, 6595, 369, 616, 686, 71, 17608, 24012, 8, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 521, 3101, 187, 187, 395, 14924, 273, 4033, 6595, 347, 29921, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 84, 2066, 398, 432, 2360, 44672, 22038, 14, 20, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 281, 444, 1299, 1157, 187, 187, 17932, 273, 1157, 187, 187, 46779, 247, 21242, 25193, 14, 24, 187, 187, 38839, 84, 281, 2740, 1959, 432, 4033, 6595, 1157, 23540, 14, 26, 13, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 598, 281, 12719, 26972, 14, 20, 187, 187, 84, 2066, 398, 432, 46886, 285, 9454, 1157, 187, 187, 8, 510, 8451, 273, 1500, 554, 8, 187, 187, 8510, 265, 767, 25443, 28131, 14, 24, 13, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 26876, 686, 47, 4173, 8, 187, 187, 395, 8923, 273, 4651, 285, 13189, 495, 14, 21, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 25857, 273, 187, 187, 395, 4033, 6595, 434, 588, 884, 14, 883, 285, 3877, 13, 187, 187, 395, 1375, 273, 4929, 434, 33129, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 4033, 6595, 1157, 22287, 14, 26, 13, 187, 187, 30132, 7882, 273, 1157, 187, 187, 8, 1145, 17447, 10010, 40725, 8, 342, 7493, 187, 187, 395, 14924, 273, 4033, 6595, 347, 29921, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 281, 444, 1299, 187, 187, 2184, 265, 327, 13319, 342, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 13982, 327, 4929, 6277, 434, 13216, 187, 187, 48235, 281, 418, 321, 466, 434, 3929, 327, 4033, 6595, 285, 521, 26379, 187, 187, 13982, 327, 6277, 434, 19361, 187, 187, 85, 7042, 427, 10059, 273, 6277, 434, 2471, 187, 187, 13982, 327, 7993, 434, 1375, 273, 2564, 187, 187, 395, 24973, 4837, 273, 23861, 281, 521, 21507, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 49567, 313, 46117, 388, 410, 14, 51, 3097, 1261, 10, 1157, 1668, 14, 1166, 13, 1157, 50276, 395, 3877, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 7993, 187, 187, 3467, 9429, 273, 495, 14, 21, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 25857, 273, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 4033, 6595, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1249, 14, 1012, 13, 1157, 2030, 14, 23, 13, 1157, 187, 187, 17932, 273, 1157, 187, 187, 8222, 273, 2137, 327, 818, 14, 25, 187, 187, 284, 6326, 2488, 273, 795, 510, 12143, 9893, 42287, 64, 187, 187, 2843, 1094, 342, 45931, 7395, 602, 1615, 1157, 187, 187, 1257, 3217, 247, 19600, 187, 187, 9750, 14033, 4112, 898, 14, 740, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 4033, 6595, 884, 14, 79, 187, 187, 395, 4033, 6595, 434, 588, 1157, 187, 187, 395, 253, 2021, 2892, 1903, 14, 1166, 13, 187, 187, 453, 438, 342, 38789, 36005, 1284, 371, 334, 187, 187, 64, 510, 353, 2061, 489, 64, 1903, 14, 1036, 13, 1157, 17574, 79, 13, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 84, 2066, 398, 432, 46886, 285, 9454, 1668, 14, 1166, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 2823, 11483, 3565, 34406, 273, 4033, 6595, 1722, 14, 1093, 187, 187, 22559, 661, 342, 399, 9761, 570, 327, 2021, 8213, 3349, 14, 1229, 13, 1157, 187, 187, 64, 510, 10231, 6086, 3443, 21664, 1321, 27, 329, 31851, 273, 521, 29027, 36525, 14, 1093, 2251, 64, 187, 187, 34716, 13216, 1157, 187, 187, 19389, 846, 795, 23852, 309, 4482, 1507, 251, 64, 12472, 79, 187, 187, 5643, 16997, 3491, 273, 795, 23852, 309, 4482, 1507, 251, 64, 187, 187, 37799, 281, 399, 10378, 24687, 14, 21, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 521, 3101, 187, 187, 249, 253, 3166, 531, 10947, 187, 187, 395, 14924, 273, 4033, 6595, 347, 29921, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 5309, 968, 253, 8663, 187, 187, 48235, 281, 427, 10059, 434, 28404, 187, 187, 13982, 327, 4033, 6595, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 6277, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 7110, 1895, 342, 7013, 90, 339, 785, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 25635, 1261, 686, 51, 400, 11170, 8, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 28612, 13917, 313, 46117, 3443, 21664, 1321, 10, 187, 187, 4175, 5896, 281, 15948, 1157, 20825, 14, 25, 187, 187, 8471, 5363, 342, 4033, 6595, 1157, 1157, 1157, 2145, 14, 1047, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 12036, 14, 23, 13, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 408, 1255, 285, 2471, 273, 1157, 21732, 14, 18, 13, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 46397, 342, 617, 8290, 1157, 187, 187, 26617, 323, 617, 5938, 187, 187, 27040, 953, 617, 21507, 434, 13216, 13795, 1157, 187, 187, 10008, 285, 1894, 273, 1157, 1157, 1157, 12842, 14, 26, 13, 187, 187, 22559, 290, 323, 13031, 1771, 187, 187, 257, 5309, 656, 4693, 1495, 187, 187, 284, 1894, 275, 795, 23852, 309, 4482, 1507, 251, 64, 187, 187, 1405, 1507, 15948, 387, 247, 8955, 3128, 187, 187, 4534, 953, 48555, 418, 790, 22604, 15610, 14, 25, 187, 187, 12237, 35554, 273, 187, 187, 19598, 598, 7619, 11849, 2136, 1157, 187, 187, 14014, 275, 45904, 1204, 285, 39928, 14635, 21300, 14, 1235, 13, 18672, 14, 18, 13, 187, 187, 7053, 4804, 342, 4033, 6595, 21786, 14, 20, 13, 964, 187, 187, 9750, 14033, 4112, 273, 22769, 14, 1549, 187, 187, 20014, 7299, 3753, 273, 24687, 14, 21, 13, 187, 187, 395, 9749, 285, 2471, 273, 15948, 26235, 14, 22, 13, 25384, 14, 24, 187, 187, 46535, 617, 588, 187, 187, 2083, 454, 1131, 6393, 4033, 6595, 434, 18830, 25305, 14, 26, 187, 187, 9846, 12059, 407, 4033, 6595, 23627, 14, 24, 187, 187, 251, 13319, 387, 330, 10422, 28195, 14, 23, 187, 187, 45, 47989, 30024, 35693, 13, 32905, 187, 187, 64, 18868, 8273, 64, 187, 187, 15288, 583, 3062, 13, 47784, 187, 187, 22653, 506, 313, 4257, 14541, 1373, 4370, 10, 187, 187, 22434, 284, 13, 12694, 187, 187, 22434, 284, 13, 444, 15, 55, 15, 50276, 395, 3877, 13, 187, 187, 45, 321, 466, 13, 1219, 1988, 1157, 187, 187, 45, 12223, 561, 13, 42266, 187, 187, 13815, 69, 6540, 434, 19600, 187, 187, 46, 471, 647, 13, 48125, 1157, 1157, 1157, 6879, 14, 23, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 64, 510, 16061, 273, 500, 15, 46, 15, 35, 3333, 1722, 14, 1093, 13, 187, 187, 46, 471, 647, 13, 20145, 313, 46117, 7634, 570, 14, 27595, 10, 187, 187, 11773, 44, 13685, 13, 5171, 21886, 79, 187, 187, 11773, 21173, 266, 13, 5490, 187, 187, 13815, 79, 356, 384, 257, 13, 29835, 1157, 1157, 50276, 395, 3877, 187, 187, 19008, 75, 301, 13, 43433, 12843, 39509, 187, 187, 17557, 292, 13, 473, 19399, 50276, 395, 3877, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 64, 1466, 1336, 64, 187, 187, 31900, 2327, 13, 401, 15, 45, 15, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 9709, 15188, 487, 3107, 13, 12824, 1157, 187, 187, 11063, 3964, 13, 8148, 942, 187, 187, 9709, 363, 1519, 21571, 13, 388, 15, 35, 15, 50276, 395, 3877, 187, 187, 46, 511, 3423, 13, 2516, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 35147, 676, 13, 24958, 329, 15, 1157, 11334, 79, 187, 187, 46, 1187, 13, 329, 15, 38, 15, 56, 15, 50276, 395, 3877, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 16490, 2496, 13, 330, 6147, 300, 187, 187, 16490, 2496, 13, 28084, 7896, 1157, 187, 187, 23021, 5830, 13, 33003, 48718, 466, 12387, 79, 187, 187, 46, 46929, 13, 6086, 1157, 12643, 79, 187, 187, 46, 265, 961, 13, 36373, 12705, 187, 187, 46, 21776, 13, 12734, 6939, 80, 372, 187, 187, 21173, 4631, 13, 2516, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 21173, 4631, 13, 6393, 187, 187, 21173, 274, 13, 8444, 388, 37674, 1157, 1157, 1157, 11084, 79, 13, 187, 187, 21173, 274, 13, 47569, 29501, 14, 22, 187, 187, 21173, 274, 13, 32509, 187, 187, 9304, 661, 273, 3050, 3767, 3964, 187, 187, 7673, 1952, 372, 49871, 13, 13089, 14, 26106, 10999, 187, 187, 18968, 11436, 13, 26118, 11975, 187, 187, 18968, 4448, 13, 7252, 8688, 79, 187, 187, 18968, 83, 17469, 13, 31270, 187, 187, 46, 37181, 13, 2516, 33210, 1988, 187, 187, 46, 375, 1962, 868, 13, 36172, 7543, 14, 3357, 13, 7288, 14, 23, 13, 11275, 14, 1438, 13, 1157, 12643, 79, 13, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 64, 688, 3452, 3296, 571, 342, 3443, 21664, 1321, 64, 8073, 79, 187, 187, 64, 16760, 313, 4316, 1502, 10, 46335, 64, 187, 187, 41539, 1665, 13, 27261, 50276, 395, 3877, 187, 187, 47, 3592, 868, 1456, 13, 6827, 187, 187, 64, 4257, 2816, 8439, 273, 16103, 64, 187, 187, 64, 4257, 2816, 7717, 64, 187, 187, 64, 4257, 2816, 33602, 64, 187, 187, 47, 469, 3017, 13, 411, 15, 37, 15, 12643, 79, 187, 187, 47, 469, 42304, 13, 9011, 7252, 187, 187, 22427, 5308, 13, 3196, 22739, 187, 187, 64, 3650, 43317, 9109, 64, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 26600, 503, 1157, 1157, 1157, 1157, 187, 187, 14909, 25183, 686, 10697, 610, 8, 8319, 14, 20, 13, 1157, 21445, 14, 21, 187, 187, 48, 44626, 11170, 13, 20145, 187, 187, 4175, 5896, 285, 4201, 273, 2151, 9135, 14, 26, 187, 187, 395, 2471, 273, 3347, 5119, 8978, 14, 3832, 13, 1157, 187, 187, 1665, 434, 34406, 273, 8978, 79, 13, 5571, 14, 18, 187, 187, 46397 ]

kewarm reception by du Maurier family and cremation of his father-in-law receives briefs from Sir George Lewis character of dislike of Barrie , moves family to Berkhamsted 178-9 Llewelyn Davies, Crompton , Llewelyn Davies, Emily Llewelyn Davies, George meets Barrie as Barrie's favourite , , 19-20, , __ , 157-8, , , 168-9, , 171-3, 174-5, death of , , spends holidays with his father aura surrounding , 221-2 melancholy of goes to Eton and death of his father 186-7 and death of his mother and acceptance of Barrie as guardian joins the Army Llewelyn Davies, Geraldine 'Gerrie' (née Gibb) , 16-17, , , , 208-10 Llewelyn Davies, Jack birth of death of , , suffers from melancholy and depression , , , , relationship with Barrie , , , on holiday with mother and the Barries character of 14-15 and death of parents and Peter's proposed family history 15-16 relationship with his parents aura surrounding and Barrie's estate recommended for Osborne Naval College , as threat to Barrie and Mary Barrie's affair told of his mother's intention to marry Barrie moves to Campden Hill Square 208-9 receives cryptic note from Nanny Hodgson has problem with emphysema Llewelyn Davies, Jane (Sylvia Jocelyn) Llewelyn Davies, Reverend John 124-5, Llewelyn Davies, Margaret , , , , , Llewelyn Davies, Mary , 127-8, Llewelyn Davies, Michael birth of suicide of , , , , , 239-42, , 244-5, , , as Barrie's favourite , 24-5, 158-9, , , , 201-3, 205-7, 205-8 aura surrounding , 221-2 as model for Peter Pan statue 'Antarctic exploits' with Scott told by his mother that Barrie was their 'fairy prince' and death of his mother and acceptance of Barrie as guardian , , suffers from nightmares 202-3 goes to Eton , character of , considered a genius 206-7 attempts to break free from Barrie , 235-9, goes up to Oxford 232-3 suffers from melancholy and depression , 'The Island of Sheep' writes two poems 236-7, , Llewelyn Davies, Nicholas 'Nico' and deaths of parents and brothers 3-4, , , , , birth of and Barrie's will 10-11 and note, and state of brother's finances relationship with Barrie , 158-9, mental stability of , 'Antarctic exploits' with Scott and acceptance of Barrie as guardian , , goes to Eton goes on holiday with Barrie comment on brother Michael's personality reaction to Lurie's article on Barrie and his siblings comment on Michael's poem tells Nanny of Michael's death comment on Peter's state of mind and unveiling of plaque to his grandfather Llewelyn Davies, Peggy (née Hore-Ruthven) , 16-17, , and note Llewelyn Davies, Peter suicide of 3-4, , , , , birth of relationship with Barrie , , , 12-13, , 25-6, , character of , effect of war on 7-8 as supposed author of _The Boy Castaways_ affair with Vera Willoughby , becomes a publisher financial situation 9-10 and death of Barrie 10-n and Barrie's will , and the family history 11-17, feud with Cynthia Asquith _The Morgue_ 11-16, , 126n, , , suffers from melancholy and depression 16-17, , , , commissions official biography of Barrie 17-18 talks with Daphne on family matters 28-30, , _The Young George du Maurier: A Selection of his Letters 1860-1867_ dual personality , named after _Peter Ibbetson_ 116n treasures copy of _Peter Ibbetson_ visit to Dolly 173-4 and death of his mother in the Doone Valley and acceptance of Barrie as guardian , , joins the Army reaction to Nanny's resignation comment on Barrie and death of Michael , , has problem with emphysema Llewelyn Davies, Ruthven 'Rivvy' , Llewelyn Davies, Sylvia (née du Maurier) marriage to Arthur , 147-8 friendship with Barrie , , , 13-14, , , , , 160-6, , , illness and death of , 190-1, , , relationship with her boys , love for her husband inherits her grandfather's personality traits , description and character of , , , 128-9, talent for mockery enjoys London life as character in _Peter Ibbetson_ meets Arthur at a dinner party visits Kirby Lonsdale 127-8 double persona of sets up dressmaking business , interest in hypnotism and psychic arts 149-50, 170-1, first meeting with Barrie 152-3, . financial situation of 159-60 morbid nature of 173-4, and illness and death of Arthur 183-5, 186-7 makes her will encourages Mary Barrie's affair 188-9 will altered by Barrie 195-7 on holiday at Caux 295-6 Llewelyn Davies, Timothy _London Society_ Loosemore, Nurse Luath (Newfoundland dog) Lucas, Elizabeth Lucas, E.V. and note, Lurie, Alison , Lutyens, Edwin Macdonald's publisher Mackail, Denis , , , 75-6, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , _The Story of J.M.B._ 17-18, Mackail, Margaret (née Burne-Jones) McKenna, Paul 141n McMillan, James Macnaghten, Hugh , , and note Madjid, Sultan Prince Abdul Malet, Oriel and note, , , , , , , , , , , , , _Letters_ Marcuse, F.L. , , Marjoribanks, Edward , Markham, Clements Marriott Watson, H.B. and note Masefield, John , , Maslow, Abraham A. , 111n Mason, A.E.W. and note, , , , Maude, Cyril Maude, Pamela , Melba, Dame Nellie 117n Meredith, George , 118n Mesmer, Franz Anton Meyer, Professor Milo de Millais, John , , , , Millais, Mary Millar, Charles Hoyer , , , 130n, Millar, Geoffrey 254-5 Millar, Gerald Monks of Medmenham Moreau de Tours, Jean-Jacques Morrell, Ottoline Morris, William 99n Morrisson, Kenneth Morton, John Maddison Moscheles, Felix 47-53, 55-6, 79-80, , 118n, , , , _In Bohemia with du Maurier_ 52n _National (Scots) Observer_ Neilson, Julia and note Nettleship, Mrs _New York Review of Books_ _New York Times_ _New York Tribune_ Nichols, W.D. 118n Nicholson, Sir William Norwood, Dr Rachel _Nottingham Journal_ , , Occult , , , , Octavia 'Carry' 51-3, , 143-4 Ogilvy, Margaret marriage and birth of children 58-9 and death of son David 59-61, , son's biography of 59n, 70-1 relationship

[ 28, 1214, 49, 19, 28, 1214, 49, 20, 28, 1214, 3299, 62, 403, 2168, 1246, 281, 690, 6070, 275, 253, 29709, 2929, 1008, 49, 21, 1570, 187, 187, 38418, 326, 767, 5231, 30780, 2592, 2000, 72, 1009, 285, 9722, 2859, 64, 72, 1009, 273, 247, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 327, 247, 2803, 403, 753, 281, 320, 475, 11872, 27442, 11, 604, 627, 4961, 271, 20169, 669, 3442, 5, 824, 326, 253, 27442, 40755, 669, 3442, 1926, 2592, 2000, 72, 393, 3442, 2497, 18, 724, 18207, 669, 2859, 64, 72, 5, 598, 281, 271, 6703, 40755, 15, 187, 187, 510, 9162, 598, 281, 8346, 12993, 1974, 273, 5231, 273, 247, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 327, 13, 1333, 13, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 310, 271, 1774, 2256, 15, 831, 9162, 556, 644, 6312, 13, 806, 323, 19870, 2390, 407, 1716, 5210, 1008, 36, 20, 28, 1214, 36, 21, 1092, 323, 6486, 2390, 407, 8302, 1008, 25324, 18, 62, 285, 4720, 13, 323, 42133, 2390, 407, 473, 68, 570, 40160, 1008, 48, 68, 5218, 667, 767, 8346, 5180, 24, 62, 5231, 273, 271, 42133, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 403, 8346, 27442, 313, 9154, 260, 6711, 2148, 27442, 481, 187, 187, 34, 1106, 432, 42133, 2390, 13, 8302, 8058, 275, 1008, 25324, 19, 62, 326, 667, 1327, 14, 312, 14760, 1387, 19943, 387, 1878, 767, 1327, 8346, 27442, 5231, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 15, 23449, 432, 5231, 13, 581, 671, 2175, 475, 68, 6711, 2148, 5231, 11, 273, 247, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 327, 247, 2803, 370, 47, 18965, 5870, 273, 3772, 45911, 30780, 2592, 2000, 72, 14548, 72, 393, 249, 443, 724, 824, 326, 2367, 2592, 2000, 72, 1926, 2592, 2000, 73, 426, 1926, 2592, 2026, 18068, 724, 40090, 271, 6703, 40755, 2367, 4820, 92, 3837, 599, 86, 578, 72, 13, 73, 3303, 835, 253, 3943, 3927, 370, 86, 578, 72, 13, 73, 724, 10517, 247, 370, 19, 2911, 68, 6711, 2148, 5886, 15, 187, 187, 688, 253, 3786, 11106, 2987, 327, 42133, 1387, 5231, 13, 352, 310, 2011, 347, 973, 326, 667, 260, 6711, 2148, 2250, 273, 271, 42133, 1387, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 310, 8346, 27442, 281, 247, 13241, 2250, 15, 12278, 66, 14923, 436, 906, 281, 10341, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2616, 275, 1008, 49, 24, 1570, 496, 1008, 36, 43, 1092, 1716, 5210, 285, 8302, 8818, 13, 323, 667, 11968, 2867, 313, 53, 10, 1387, 370, 40, 1366, 6667, 273, 260, 6711, 2148, 5231, 273, 370, 40, 5, 327, 253, 1959, 1387, 2803, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 39, 26136, 3259, 1009, 326, 403, 1327, 8346, 27442, 281, 247, 13241, 2250, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 10316, 441, 281, 253, 9400, 273, 1008, 49, 21, 1570, 12278, 66, 23970, 767, 8346, 12993, 1974, 38318, 323, 247, 313, 68, 6711, 2148, 10, 2250, 327, 247, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 27, 253, 7936, 1387, 285, 253, 6637, 15, 2053, 38318, 403, 10302, 275, 1008, 49, 21, 62, 323, 253, 1716, 5210, 14, 998, 60, 7256, 1181, 83, 961, 10246, 276, 25658, 5231, 13, 27012, 253, 1563, 10012, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 370, 40, 5, 320, 247, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 1387, 15, 2635, 370, 40, 5, 19943, 247, 5415, 2021, 273, 1327, 8346, 27442, 5231, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 15, 5220, 13, 370, 40, 5, 19943, 247, 5415, 2021, 273, 260, 6711, 2148, 5231, 327, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 326, 403, 1327, 8346, 27442, 281, 247, 13241, 2250, 15, 187, 187, 11389, 16157, 1712, 44295, 14, 2013, 7969, 964, 22322, 94, 187, 11311, 187, 187, 1231, 5469, 275, 2508, 849, 12278, 66, 761, 12239, 1491, 327, 247, 1387, 2250, 432, 253, 13405, 1885, 8697, 370, 45, 2850, 3259, 9, 57, 1337, 1906, 10, 393, 1378, 1022, 443, 1352, 1623, 253, 643, 1133, 13, 281, 752, 6070, 247, 1387, 8449, 38430, 8697, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 1009, 31947, 253, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 32, 15997, 1652, 310, 1929, 327, 436, 1895, 15, 1716, 5210, 457, 19651, 10012, 1008, 36, 23, 62, 3054, 326, 512, 253, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2616, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 1009, 2931, 407, 42133, 32207, 2390, 370, 40, 5, 403, 25783, 281, 253, 4373, 35161, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 15, 8079, 13, 597, 403, 512, 475, 249, 25667, 11, 1447, 6377, 15, 35428, 696, 5180, 25, 62, 285, 1716, 5210, 2722, 275, 1008, 36, 23, 62, 253, 34002, 273, 253, 39510, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2803, 15, 18544, 1981, 285, 10664, 3800, 484, 1008, 2775, 62, 452, 2011, 326, 253, 1387, 8449, 38430, 21360, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 12523, 4220, 1009, 403, 1327, 14, 261, 13468, 604, 581, 3936, 40940, 669, 4220, 5, 275, 669, 4820, 92, 6104, 1603, 18, 13, 79, 1009, 323, 1027, 2193, 273, 370, 79, 1352, 187, 187, 6080, 1387, 8449, 38430, 21360, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 1009, 476, 359, 3542, 347, 973, 347, 253, 13405, 1885, 407, 247, 1959, 21651, 23329, 2250, 313, 2858, 417, 512, 13, 1580, 15914, 280, 2651, 14573, 1008, 55, 10986, 18, 62, 2692, 326, 253, 1959, 1387, 2616, 2550, 320, 3542, 275, 436, 1039, 481, 844, 452, 323, 4227, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 4820, 92, 7084, 4935, 79, 11400, 1991, 92, 59, 12104, 393, 77, 3181, 1926, 1991, 92, 59, 7294, 79, 10, 426, 418, 2850, 3259, 5716, 1991, 92, 53, 7294, 79, 10, 393, 1378, 1022, 1926, 4820, 92, 7084, 4935, 79, 11400, 1991, 92, 59, 39049, 8035, 1650, 8414, 275, 4028, 253, 10246, 276, 25658, 2250, 13405, 1885, 370, 45, 2850, 3259, 9, 57, 1337, 1906, 10, 393, 1378, 1022, 443, 5, 347, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 4244, 835, 253, 475, 88, 250, 506, 1885, 11, 1387, 2367, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 5, 310, 2931, 347, 253, 3300, 301, 4128, 1885, 2367, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 3843, 5081, 36985, 578, 72, 393, 249, 443, 94, 1926, 1991, 92, 59, 12104, 393, 1378, 1022, 443, 1352, 12278, 66, 457, 84, 8449, 38430, 2266, 40350, 10012, 840, 8018, 253, 1563, 906, 15, 733, 476, 320, 2783, 347, 247, 4103, 2715, 273, 1716, 5210, 457, 24366, 1008, 36, 22, 1092, 534, 3054, 326, 1561, 253, 966, 273, 32207, 2867, 313, 53, 10, 2390, 13, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 64, 18, 10, 393, 14829, 1926, 1588, 92, 45, 4935, 40, 64, 19, 1009, 604, 285, 760, 604, 370, 40, 64, 18, 187, 61, 14829, 443, 64, 19, 1352, 12278, 66, 457, 84, 906, 8473, 84, 14888, 1242, 575, 783, 7140, 273, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 32207, 2390, 715, 253, 7140, 273, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2616, 15, 187, 187, 3039, 370, 40, 5, 285, 669, 4220, 5, 403, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 32207, 2390, 13, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 10, 393, 14829, 187, 464, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 393, 4220, 1009, 604, 285, 760, 604, 370, 40, 393, 14829, 393, 4220, 1352, 5076, 13, 2367, 1588, 92, 45, 19753, 1991, 92, 59, 3080, 10641, 443, 1009, 556, 14916, 7936, 1387, 323, 667, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 32207, 1387, 370, 40, 1352, 187, 187, 14918, 66, 457, 84, 8449, 38430, 2266, 40350, 10012, 310, 275, 958, 625, 10799, 685, 253, 2715, 4767, 1840, 15, 1284, 359, 3091, 923, 275, 6899, 905, 7801, 15, 9072, 14, 10389, 14283, 696, 2708, 13, 253, 2266, 40350, 10012, 4483, 347, 973, 281, 11897, 253, 1387, 2367, 4820, 92, 5677, 599, 46, 5, 273, 8346, 3772, 45911, 273, 370, 46, 426, 187, 45, 2850, 3259, 9, 57, 1337, 1906, 10, 393, 1378, 1022, 443, 1366, 835, 370, 40, 5, 310, 247, 370, 88, 2911, 10389, 301, 32207, 1387, 285, 370, 40, 187, 464, 33356, 2501, 918, 1603, 57, 1337, 1906, 1009, 697, 10246, 276, 25658, 2250, 15, 2635, 13, 16207, 4820, 92, 5677, 599, 46, 393, 14829, 1926, 4820, 92, 8662, 599, 40, 393, 1378, 1022, 187, 61, 1124, 2386, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 23628, 57, 13, 40, 9783, 40, 94, 11549, 26325, 835, 2367, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 23628, 57, 13, 40, 1009, 310, 253, 1387, 273, 2557, 2317, 310, 29675, 669, 3442, 1163, 1594, 1926, 4287, 94, 57, 5, 323, 534, 627, 4961, 247, 669, 3005, 393, 249, 1926, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 40, 5, 824, 326, 669, 3442, 9, 72, 393, 3830, 1269, 10, 426, 393, 3005, 9, 72, 10, 187, 61, 3830, 393, 3442, 9, 89, 1009, 2761, 11678, 15, 24207, 669, 3442, 64, 72, 9, 89, 10, 426, 305, 393, 3830, 1269, 1366, 581, 8473, 84, 370, 40, 393, 45233, 1926, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 23628, 57, 13, 40, 3822, 5838, 25761, 326, 2367, 4820, 92, 7034, 599, 23628, 57, 13, 40, 1009, 9090, 4428, 1529, 3491, 273, 370, 40, 5, 8534, 407, 10246, 276, 25658, 15036, 327, 253, 643, 1930, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1008, 3123, 49, 1092, 26810, 3230, 13, 29897, 285, 12278, 66, 4647, 253, 5700, 273, 19972, 16, 10389, 14283, 275, 253, 4336, 1027, 3634, 273, 47780, 312, 456, 1959, 3580, 13, 27012, 253, 806, 6667, 273, 3719, 10001, 18, 5, 2616, 342, 14916, 8346, 40755, 1387, 15, 18770, 625, 310, 2218, 275, 1008, 3123, 49, 1092, 835, 2686, 247, 8449, 38430, 2715, 273, 28219, 14, 6075, 250, 3762, 310, 3715, 15, 187, 187, 22505, 2747, 1712, 33635, 2747, 964, 22322, 94, 187, 10521, 187, 187, 20197, 42, 6311, 670, 12278, 66, 457, 84, 789, 1309, 521, 7418, 29608, 275, 7785, 285, 521, 2282, 275, 253, 10595, 60, 3539, 1181, 463, 372, 6181, 275, 253, 2965, 273, 6157, 15, 733, 310, 619, 11284, 281, 3890, 619, 5890, 383, 6701, 281, 24367, 249, 12278, 66, 323, 512, 776, 11985, 285, 323, 521, 34598, 387, 41742, 15, 309, 5717, 9309, 265, 8229, 14363, 261, 323, 521, 7418, 16157, 285, 253, 2862, 1897, 359, 5262, 16585, 253, 1246, 2505, 15, 309, 4720, 2335, 5649, 432, 253, 16157, 273, 29730, 60, 860, 1181, 965, 257, 1219, 42356, 13, 31231, 743, 386, 9432, 14990, 13, 17218, 26983, 2071, 3903, 472, 13, 1219, 404, 1716, 5210, 13, 5119, 14826, 13, 12304, 1914, 443, 2735, 571, 86, 13, 35176, 90, 427, 15897, 3942, 1173, 13, 31419, 4696, 367, 469, 302, 13, 1219, 404, 4009, 5464, 285, 5682, 15914, 280, 2651, 14573, 15, 9375, 281, 512, 273, 368, 2, 4622, 187, 187, 49, 26827, 249, 3927, 285, 29793, 187, 1702, 18669, 187, 187, 55, 251, 38430, 21360, 13, 20274, 13, 2761, 15316, 3054, 285, 1387, 5231, 1712, 29997, 14, 11312, 1136, 14, 38840, 14, 1206, 1951, 14, 25855, 14, 38847, 14, 21196, 14, 395, 14, 4399, 14, 3518, 964, 22322, 94, 187, 43067, 187, 187, 34937, 370, 46, 11400, 1588, 92, 46, 8503, 47, 11400, 1588, 92, 47, 8503, 34, 11400, 1588, 92, 34, 4018, 9173, 475, 29997, 38430, 21360, 4556, 28285, 326, 247, 8449, 38430, 8697, 310, 247, 1327, 14, 42253, 26647, 273, 247, 2557, 2317, 13, 253, 21360, 370, 45, 2850, 3259, 9, 57, 1337, 1906, 1009, 1146, 253, 31106, 6667, 15, 2896, 5426, 13, 247, 8449, 38430, 8697, 310, 247, 22112, 4581, 440, 1562, 370, 3503, 2911, 2377, 20190, 273, 2367, 4820, 92, 35, 4935, 41, 1009, 323, 690, 23326, 2317, 370, 41, 1352, 32271, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 3080, 6040, 1926, 4820, 92, 35, 4935, 41, 1009, 310, 247, 8449, 38430, 8697, 13, 253, 475, 2823, 307, 386, 11, 273, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 4018, 310, 17007, 407, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 599, 9805, 285, 8414, 273, 253, 9158, 275, 2367, 4820, 92, 35, 4935, 41, 1009, 49681, 342, 512, 253, 9158, 275, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 11971, 36372, 38430, 457, 84, 475, 46372, 297, 10082, 386, 11, 10012, 3054, 326, 2367, 1588, 92, 46, 16052, 5994, 61, 5994, 94, 426, 1926, 1588, 92, 46, 4018, 285, 436, 13919, 45589, 8449, 38430, 21360, 2190, 253, 440, 1562, 370, 3503, 2911, 2377, 38840, 273, 2367, 4820, 92, 35, 4935, 41, 3822, 329, 475, 19012, 11, 310, 247, 8449, 38430, 8697, 342, 14916, 4055, 13, 891, 15, 70, 15, 575, 29152, 1588, 92, 46, 3080, 4421, 1926, 1588, 92, 46, 47481, 426, 1926, 1991, 92, 36, 599, 18, 1352, 187, 187 ]

; @P2; @P3; @PS] are already present to some extent in the breakthrough paper [@P4]. Recall that two actions $({\sigma}_g)$ and $(\rho_g)$ of a group $G$ on a factor are said to be *outer conjugate* if there exists an isomorphism $\Delta$ such that the conjugate automorphism $\Delta {\sigma}_g \Delta^{-1}$ equals $\rho_g$ up to an inner automorphism. The classification up to outer conjugacy of actions of a group $G$ on, say, the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor is an important subject. This classification has been completed, first for cyclic groups by Connes [@C3; @C4], for finite groups by Jones [@Jon1] and finally, for amenable groups by Ocneanu [@Oc]: any two outer[^7] actions of an amenable group $G$ on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor are outer conjugate (even cocycle conjugate). Away from amenable groups, Jones proved in [@Jon2] that any non-amenable group admits at least two non outer conjugate actions on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor. Apart from actions, one also studies *cocycle actions* of a group $G$ on a factor $N$: families of automorphisms $({\sigma}_g)_{g \in G}$ such that ${\sigma}_g {\sigma}_h = {\sigma}_{gh}$ modulo an inner automorphism ${\operatorname{Ad}}u_{g,h}$, where the unitaries $u_{g,h}$ satisfy a $2$-cocycle relation. In the previously cited works on amenable group actions, it is shown as well that any cocycle action of an amenable group on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor is outer conjugate to a genuine action. Popa generalized this result to arbitrary II$_1$ factors in [@P7]. In [@CJ], Connes and Jones constructed, for any infinite property (T) group $G$, examples of cocycle actions of $G$ on the free group factor ${\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{F}}_\infty)$ that are non outer conjugate to a genuine action. This brings us to the topic of [@P4]. Popa introduces two outer conjugacy invariants for a (cocycle) action on a II$_1$ factor: the fundamental group and the spectrum. These invariants are computed in [@P4] for the Connes-St[ø]{}rmer Bernoulli actions, yielding the following theorem. Let $G$ be a $w$-rigid group. Then $G$ admits a continuous family of non outer conjugate actions on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor. Also, $G$ admits a continuous family of cocycle actions on the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor that are non outer conjugate to a genuine action. Further remarks {#further-remarks .unnumbered} --------------- We discussed in detail how Popa recovers information on a group action from the crossed product algebra $L^\infty(X,\mu) \rtimes G$. On the other hand, to what extent a group von Neumann algebra ${\mathcal{L}}(G)$ remembers the group $G$? Very little is known on this problem. Connes’ celebrated theorem [@C6] states that all the II$_1$ factors ${\mathcal{L}}(G)$ defined by amenable ICC groups $G$ are isomorphic to the hyperfinite II$_1$ factor. Indeed, they are all *injective*\[page.conditional\][^8] and Connes shows in [@C6] the uniqueness of the injective II$_1$ factor. Cowling and Haagerup [@CH] have shown that the group von Neumann algebras ${\mathcal{L}}(\Gamma)$ are non-isomorphic if one takes lattices $\Gamma$ in $\operatorname{Sp}(1,n)$ for different values of $n$. Some group von Neumann algebras ${\mathcal{L}}(G)$ can we written as well as the crossed product by a free ergodic action (but not all, since Voiculescu [@Voi1] showed that the free group factors cannot be written in this way). We have for instance ${\mathcal{L}}({\operatorname{SL}}(n,{\mathbb{Z}}) \ltimes {\mathbb{Z}}^n) = L^\infty({\mathbb{T}}^n) \rtimes {\operatorname{SL}}(n,{\mathbb{Z}})$. Another example consists in writing the Bernoulli action crossed product $L^\infty(X,\mu) \rtimes G$ as ${\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{Z}}\wr G)$, where the *wreath product* group ${\mathbb{Z}}\wr G$ is defined as the semidirect product ${\mathbb{Z}}\wr G := (\bigoplus_{g \in G} {\mathbb{Z}}) \rtimes G$. Popa’s von Neumann strong rigidity theorem then implies the following result. It can be considered as a relative version of Connes’ conjecture [@C5], which states that within the class of ICC property (T) groups, ${\mathcal{L}}(G_1) \cong {\mathcal{L}}(G_2)$ if and only if $G_1 \cong G_2$. Popa’s result embeds injectively the category of $w$-rigid ICC groups into the category of II$_1$ factors. When $G$ and $\Gamma$ are $w$-rigid ICC groups, ${\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{Z}}\wr G) \cong {\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{Z}}\wr \Gamma)$ if and only if $G \cong \Gamma$. Moreover, ${\mathcal{L}}({\mathbb{Z}}\wr G)$ has trivial fundamental group for any $w$-rigid ICC group $G$. Popa’s von Neumann strong rigidity theorem is in fact more precise than the version stated above. As we shall see in Theorem \[thm.strong-rigidity\] below, the strong rigidity theorem allows as well to compute the group ${\operatorname{Out}}M$ of outer automorphisms of $M = L^\infty(X,\mu) \rtimes G$, where $G$ is a $w$-rigid ICC group and $G {\curvearrowright}(X,\mu)$ its Bernoulli action. Then, $${\operatorname{Out}}M \cong {\operatorname{Char}}G \rtimes \frac{{\operatorname{Aut}}^*(X,G)}{G} \; ,$$ where ${\operatorname{Aut}}^*(X,G)$ is the group of measure space isomorphisms $\Delta : X {\rightarrow}X$ for which there exists a $\delta \in {\operatorname{Aut}}G$ such that $\Delta(g \cdot x) = \delta(g) \cdot \Delta(x)$ almost everywhere. Writing $\Delta_g(x) = g \cdot x$, one embeds $G \hookrightarrow {\operatorname{Aut}}^*(X,G)$. Note moreover that ${\operatorname{Aut}}^*(X,G)$ obviously contains another copy of $G$ acting by Bernoulli shifts on the other side. In [@IPP], Ioana, Peterson and Popa apply the strategy of deformation/rigidity in the completely different context of amalgamated free products, yielding the first examples of II$_1$ factors with trivial outer automorphism group. Much more is done in [@IPP], where actually a von Neumann version of Bass-Serre theory is developed. Acknowledgment {#acknowledgment .unnumbered} -------------- [*I learned about Popa’s work during his numerous lectures in Paris and his course in the Coll[è]{}ge de France in the fall of 2004. It is my pleasure to express my warmest thanks to Sorin Popa for all our discussions and for his hospitality at UCLA. I thank Georges Skandalis for his numerous remarks and the entire days we spent discussing the present text. I finally took benefit from the remarks of Aur[é]{}lien Alvarez, Claire Anantharaman, Etienne Blanchard, Alain Connes, David Fisher, Damien Gaboriau, Sergey Neshveyev, Mikael Pichot, Alain Valette and Dan Voiculescu. Thanks to all of you!*]{} Preliminaries and conventions ============================= Von Neumann algebras, traces, almost periodic states and group actions {#von-neumann-algebras-traces-almost-periodic-states-and-group-actions .unnumbered} ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Throughout $M,{\mathcal{M}},N,{\mathcal{N}},A,{\mathcal{A}}$ denote *von Neumann algebras*. Recall that a von Neumann algebra is a non-commutative generalization of a measure space, the algebras $L^\infty(X,\mu)$ being the abelian examples. By definition, a von Neumann algebra is a weakly closed unital $^*$-subalgebra of ${\operatorname{B}}(H)$ for some Hilbert space $H$. Whenever ${\mathcal{M}}\subset {\operatorname{B}}(H)$ is a von Neumann algebra, the *commutant* of ${\mathcal{M}}$ is denoted by ${\mathcal{M}}'$ and consists of the operators in ${\operatorname{B}}(H)$ commuting with all the operators in ${\mathcal{M}}$. Von Neumann’s *bicommutant* theorem states that ${\mathcal{M}}^{\prime\prime} = {\mathcal{M}}$ and this equality characterizes von Neumann algebras among the unital $^*$-subalgebras of ${\operatorname{B}}(H)$. A *factor* is a von Neumann algebra with trivial center, i.e. ${\mathcal{M}}\cap {\mathcal{M}}' = {\mathbb{C}}1$.

[ 310, 1941, 273, 253, 346, 18288, 3, 3740, 275, 24084, 347, 2393, 347, 35059, 12895, 15, 5037, 626, 6983, 253, 3242, 3522, 273, 253, 18353, 13, 533, 309, 2868, 352, 281, 320, 425, 36842, 13, 285, 5604, 638, 14, 44275, 690, 273, 253, 5575, 24019, 569, 1691, 6593, 407, 42981, 1247, 1346, 15, 187, 187, 42, 871, 359, 14936, 327, 436, 13, 285, 581, 812, 3630, 247, 1984, 327, 352, 313, 395, 952, 452, 481, 1893, 13, 1060, 816, 247, 1643, 2792, 5742, 323, 954, 273, 6146, 16, 25765, 3060, 313, 8535, 273, 253, 3213, 365, 16, 446, 1550, 2262, 187, 187, 6407, 314, 13, 294, 4522, 25379, 323, 952, 13, 4466, 13, 285, 3448, 313, 9051, 10, 432, 253, 5791, 281, 3986, 253, 3672, 8935, 273, 253, 42997, 27, 187, 187, 2042, 352, 310, 6326, 281, 320, 4051, 706, 792, 3052, 545, 6464, 313, 7283, 582, 840, 313, 74, 10, 352, 310, 1039, 1512, 3563, 1677, 4980, 32019, 4522, 723, 273, 253, 19900, 5202, 13, 285, 313, 2886, 10, 40878, 253, 958, 326, 253, 2170, 8935, 273, 352, 247, 1643, 4289, 1107, 1996, 3715, 697, 1211, 2393, 285, 4260, 26247, 2363, 342, 14290, 5454, 285, 8928, 6431, 432, 253, 6420, 313, 46458, 689, 253, 1219, 793, 285, 342, 253, 41028, 507, 16, 17785, 582, 417, 253, 9268, 15, 6610, 13, 19483, 556, 8928, 21815, 342, 253, 1980, 401, 35989, 1257, 4584, 313, 18446, 10, 745, 40719, 273, 27118, 44, 13, 7866, 342, 479, 9896, 334, 280, 38854, 285, 7637, 275, 346, 41, 825, 1326, 1392, 589, 13, 642, 35814, 22357, 428, 5293, 273, 326, 310, 14730, 15, 23323, 17228, 38854, 403, 247, 8928, 21815, 342, 30284, 13, 417, 273, 14730, 6510, 13, 840, 13, 2057, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 476, 626, 320, 378, 12670, 2057, 13, 984, 16280, 253, 11795, 2523, 13, 326, 310, 2330, 342, 253, 11186, 41028, 507, 285, 417, 253, 9268, 13, 285, 597, 574, 247, 5878, 273, 3963, 3600, 8075, 285, 1424, 78, 569, 15, 5220, 13, 378, 12670, 556, 8928, 21815, 342, 253, 1980, 418, 1205, 44447, 745, 40719, 273, 27118, 44, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 352, 310, 253, 26247, 2363, 13, 368, 452, 253, 1895, 326, 3034, 22357, 342, 253, 8847, 16102, 1899, 1053, 626, 2826, 1919, 12891, 1107, 846, 253, 1980, 2393, 26247, 2363, 15, 187, 187, 10951, 314, 13, 253, 4081, 346, 41571, 6083, 3, 285, 24628, 5611, 8928, 4957, 403, 6571, 33657, 275, 436, 2919, 27, 187, 187, 14, 627, 403, 2761, 642, 27237, 14, 2942, 649, 1550, 38854, 28, 5948, 369, 8127, 299, 9896, 14621, 313, 284, 1078, 285, 846, 13, 1014, 715, 253, 6871, 2363, 13, 6146, 273, 253, 23948, 1641, 10, 187, 187, 14, 12074, 812, 417, 320, 908, 8069, 984, 273, 5536, 9741, 318, 13, 5536, 8825, 13, 285, 8214, 16, 328, 15735, 8986, 269, 351, 491, 15, 1244, 6296, 13, 6146, 273, 253, 5682, 4338, 12074, 497, 6685, 7520, 1919, 8370, 2069, 15, 187, 187, 14, 1018, 74, 1502, 403, 9696, 19437, 285, 6296, 497, 417, 908, 15, 380, 806, 10393, 273, 1018, 74, 1502, 310, 275, 6420, 13, 275, 253, 260, 2585, 280, 2919, 13, 285, 417, 1919, 253, 6871, 2363, 15, 187, 187, 14, 253, 2393, 26247, 2363, 310, 1980, 627, 13, 342, 1980, 3275, 285, 1395, 273, 9305, 4753, 432, 253, 6146, 285, 253, 6420, 13, 417, 253, 9268, 15, 187, 187, 14, 627, 310, 1980, 8928, 21815, 28, 1077, 1643, 1841, 403, 8671, 432, 253, 9268, 313, 48556, 22357, 38854, 342, 8847, 1899, 13, 533, 627, 403, 671, 1424, 78, 569, 582, 954, 4957, 403, 21117, 16, 324, 2178, 264, 432, 253, 6420, 13, 390, 403, 612, 17009, 432, 1980, 8928, 21815, 15, 187, 187, 37565, 13, 407, 253, 673, 368, 755, 281, 10439, 16795, 13, 627, 310, 2761, 2717, 1669, 273, 667, 16308, 273, 24941, 1247, 313, 263, 9769, 10, 8928, 5522, 15, 5595, 15538, 13, 2712, 326, 812, 452, 644, 19349, 275, 17190, 253, 16253, 273, 247, 747, 3448, 310, 14999, 15, 187, 187, 42, 369, 7591, 281, 1501, 436, 281, 253, 747, 399, 853, 21192, 5857, 533, 352, 310, 4623, 281, 436, 6293, 15, 11243, 399, 1914, 1441, 265, 651, 320, 2238, 2217, 281, 3491, 352, 689, 281, 253, 643, 5311, 15, 187, 187, 2413, 1358, 69, 853, 21192, 15, 32586, 15, 681, 16, 7330, 16, 740, 16, 13707, 13411, 24, 14, 1179, 49605, 15, 2974, 4, 26122, 187, 187, 14193, 544, 40917, 1225, 62, 22260, 403, 5185, 342, 2045, 1543, 13, 4645, 731, 281, 320, 247, 346, 15491, 11650, 3, 3072, 313, 3763, 15, 21, 2673, 342, 6832, 346, 17967, 11650, 3, 519, 7373, 6638, 313, 1787, 15, 18, 9498, 285, 2822, 14, 11984, 5928, 273, 667, 643, 6380, 4295, 15, 11396, 187, 187, 1898, 2568, 253, 16527, 1225, 921, 2266, 20274, 273, 37559, 1204, 273, 253, 4707, 285, 2927, 15, 313, 13422, 17899, 3888, 323, 346, 40917, 1225, 3, 2698, 9876, 436, 512, 2496, 281, 271, 313, 3214, 14677, 11650, 6510, 273, 23060, 982, 32, 187, 187, 1898, 969, 359, 923, 326, 253, 4255, 11650, 37147, 4445, 285, 253, 14847, 64, 35, 2711, 280, 4445, 403, 1199, 8003, 281, 1016, 643, 313, 17, 15, 17758, 10, 685, 597, 403, 281, 253, 10586, 544, 27748, 32, 62, 313, 17, 15, 26881, 16, 470, 15, 30541, 481, 1244, 597, 403, 4829, 347, 2810, 281, 253, 3684, 11650, 313, 17, 15, 3071, 16, 470, 16, 34109, 10, 347, 597, 403, 281, 253, 10586, 15, 5076, 597, 452, 948, 303, 9388, 13849, 281, 512, 253, 643, 4295, 1969, 1223, 253, 643, 4295, 513, 417, 452, 2074, 13849, 32, 380, 941, 3021, 3133, 281, 1804, 247, 4255, 11650, 6510, 273, 253, 14847, 64, 35, 2711, 280, 544, 19846, 5284, 32, 62, 4445, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1246, 1783, 3021, 3133, 5185, 342, 271, 11650, 6510, 273, 253, 2102, 80, 14, 18913, 507, 15, 187, 187, 4727, 1700, 314, 597, 403, 18051, 253, 1543, 3517, 15, 2058, 329, 20318, 4050, 253, 19459, 2692, 326, 14389, 9877, 310, 9696, 13392, 13, 512, 3608, 14, 3020, 13, 281, 308, 19387, 507, 285, 253, 1551, 273, 411, 285, 427, 33671, 313, 16829, 7198, 2224, 665, 403, 625, 13392, 481, 346, 20810, 627, 6403, 626, 667, 2644, 385, 485, 941, 323, 322, 472, 249, 2458, 2568, 313, 263, 8373, 10999, 323, 326, 2647, 6844, 187, 187, 510, 1698, 14, 5858, 313, 19, 14, 20, 12, 57, 21885, 10, 322, 472, 34923, 2199, 534, 369, 247, 2256, 273, 1529, 2312, 627, 310, 5699, 313, 23, 13, 933, 4292, 432, 577, 1355, 15918, 13, 6571, 342, 3739, 2561, 275, 2564, 10, 533, 12345, 5867, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 1158, 326, 627, 497, 667, 14282, 14023, 342, 616, 10895, 15, 380, 322, 472, 34923, 941, 534, 23316, 378, 461, 312, 7961, 908, 497, 19208, 313, 14461, 3761, 9128, 14, 3020, 13, 285, 253, 714, 419, 81, 369, 2173, 281, 322, 472, 41214, 285, 49480, 3737, 481, 2752, 7211, 1053, 626, 1333, 835, 436, 322, 472, 41214, 20231, 10895, 2210, 432, 13, 285, 352, 1904, 626, 3590, 751, 247, 747, 2440, 15, 1737, 4455, 747, 369, 253, 43988, 3480, 273, 8642, 14259, 281, 2233, 14, 2588, 6819, 8, 308, 19387, 507, 15, 187, 187, 15953, 309, 943, 452, 1239, 436, 5857, 475, 9131, 11, 11298, 281, 521, 2312, 13, 533, 387, 1878, 309, 1119, 634, 5311, 984, 273, 352, 24457, 187, 187, 20598, 20299, 29041, 187, 187, 37, 1914, 1441, 265, 8, 49593, 1497, 5311, 310, 9940, 281, 1966, 3072, 30222, 13, 3520, 21698, 1497, 13, 21101, 1497, 13, 285, 2892, 15, 187, 187, 1394, 403, 1959, 281, 33150, 667, 273, 253, 4753, 273, 436, 5311, 323, 1327, 14, 37763, 6378, 13, 347, 1048, 347, 368, 11104, 731, 281, 399, 1914, 1441, 265, 29880, 1479, 375, 285, 2085, 247, 3048, 281, 2057, 253, 2060, 5311, 5857, 390, 281, 399, 1914, 1441, 265, 49593, 1497, 20299, 15, 187, 187, 7510, 293, 1959, 281, 5007, 299, 14, 5719, 281, 399, 1914, 1441, 265, 29880, 1479, 375, 13, 390, 956, 1214, 69, 1914, 1441, 24182, 327, 7879, 15, 4257, 470, 14, 15490, 2884, 1403, 329, 887, 272, 5595, 10469, 1777, 2487, 16688, 14499, 80, 959, 275, 253, 13303, 187, 187, 8195, 1388, 13, 1529, 28423, 273, 247, 4619, 440, 4066, 2147, 5058, 14, 1201, 24189, 13, 436, 673, 275, 253, 1533, 457, 84, 954, 7561, 908, 6109, 6498, 985, 13, 10469, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 457, 84, 625, 32, 380, 10469, 5058, 14, 1201, 24189, 556, 671, 644, 1119, 281, 320, 28734, 275, 253, 4956, 407, 253, 13389, 13234, 23906, 6640, 48, 5901, 1128, 2050, 14919, 323, 10156, 5058, 14, 1201, 40725, 281, 13001, 1128, 263, 581, 273, 697, 6383, 13, 281, 6351, 1453, 273, 616, 8571, 457, 10469, 4095, 15, 187, 187, 21831, 3111, 407, 8049, 26329, 22780, 33210, 466, 14963, 13, 253, 4278, 285, 247, 4737, 14, 1171, 14, 31503, 22059, 323, 253, 1029, 14, 26219, 414, 3988, 24189, 13, 27173, 347, 330, 12695, 14, 9638, 14, 1423, 1010, 13, 556, 644, 1160, 1345, 3063, 1128, 6309, 5093, 1897, 846, 9610, 352, 281, 253, 10469, 3988, 2285, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5058, 14, 1201, 310, 247, 897, 14, 6438, 14, 4924, 24189, 275, 253, 10469, 10295, 457, 84, 36862, 6254, 326, 476, 1581, 247, 1980, 30082, 30539, 390, 271, 622, 281, 20092, 366, 616, 25687, 281, 6351, 5230, 2289, 281, 247, 14043, 2813, 285, 7826, 1379, 2120, 8905, 1453, 273, 253, 2813, 15, 187, 187, 55, 335, 1216, 494, 10469, 41442, 187, 187, 510, 24189, 31951, 275, 9508, 273, 10469, 10295, 4439, 1078, 4162, 1390, 807, 13, 247, 12097, 323, 534, 369, 2908, 275, 253, 577, 15, 1047, 418, 6901, 13492, 10295, 4439, 275, 4565, 4240, 533, 369, 760, 11217, 275, 329, 2697, 49, 10469, 10295, 9508, 495, 15, 1093, 13, 577, 15, 21, 285, 577, 15, 26, 15, 187, 187, 17756, 13, 954, 10469, 4095, 18461, 285, 4211, 407, 247, 5020, 273, 24742, 342, 253, 440, 4066, 2147, 10295, 403, 1335, 14043, 281, 436, 24189, 1014, 846, 1907, 253, 6323, 10469, 11269, 13, 1690, 2708, 14, 24328, 4633, 21679, 3210, 1163, 187, 187, 36273, 337, 187, 187, 36273, 337, 35974, 187, 187, 36273, 374, 187, 187, 36273, 374, 35974, 187, 187, 41, 5738, 26981, 367, 938, 187, 187, 57, 571, 21206, 4410, 7373, 608, 34, 187, 187, 57, 571, 21206, 4410, 7373, 5838, 608, 187, 187, 57, 571, 21206, 329, 18, 187, 187, 48, 31244, 329, 20, 187, 187, 46, 4881, 1503, 20, 187, 187, 48, 40470, 28881, 15169, 187, 187, 52, 1317, 1947, 322, 24, 187, 187, 52, 1317, 1947, 322, 25, 187, 187, 52, 1317, 1947, 322, 26, 187, 187, 1992, 320, 4879, 13, 45562, 495, 13, 495, 35974, 13, 285, 495, 66, 4095, 3515, 253, 6323, 10469, 34501, 403, 417, 14043, 281, 253, 2523, 15, 187, 187, 18842, 2884, 1403, 2615, 2325, 14499, 80, 959, 6235, 302, 600, 187, 187, 7130, 281, 253, 22780, 13, 1580, 253, 2523, 310, 773, 36462, 432, 3304, 253, 21722, 7537, 3364, 1806, 253, 10469, 10295, 5058, 14, 1201, 24189, 476, 671, 320, 28734, 27938, 407, 16248, 352, 342, 247, 4858, 21722, 18164, 19652, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 510, 7505, 310, 247, 1980, 15863, 20092, 318, 24189, 326, 4483, 323, 247, 2120, 18230, 273, 247, 14043, 2813, 15, 1310, 253, 22059, 310, 8549, 3066, 253, 7066, 13, 352, 760, 3198, 281, 320, 18433, 342, 247, 3816, 21052, 22059, 13, 347, 436, 24189, 310, 12482, 949, 253, 7537, 3364, 1806, 14963, 2296, 275, 253, 26595, 1514, 5311, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 457, 306, 7660, 247, 1980, 22059, 4737, 14, 1171, 14, 31503, 281, 7568, 849, 436, 7505, 476, 320, 908, 281, 6351, 10341, 10295, 1239, 16, 6343, 672, 3515, 12171, 15, 733, 760, 4419, 253, 440, 1206, 15172, 622, 2127, 10636, 281, 22059, 330, 12695, 14, 9638, 14, 1423, 1010, 15, 309, 457, 306, 671, 7660, 247, 37617, 313, 12566, 15, 8567, 10, 273, 253, 367, 3231, 3515, 327, 247, 45562, 374, 13, 3515, 10469, 884, 342, 3988, 12097, 1268, 4397, 6247, 1425, 187, 187, 9147, 2706, 281, 320, 23089, 26006, 21965, 187, 187, 18765, 5559, 588, 3727, 247, 12097, 323, 436, 24189, 275, 697, 4437, 457, 84, 10469, 9044, 48805, 275, 253, 3551, 1897, 285, 671, 23274, 473, 3172, 84, 13, 954, 5876, 4095, 651, 417, 2779, 4763, 253, 12097, 4745, 13, 12401, 5559, 45562, 337, 285, 374, 15, 187 ]

is evidence of the "western" style in Portugal as early as 4000 BC. Don't recall the exact date of the earliest, but I believe it to be neolithic, and certainly pre-dating some of the alleged migrations put forth by kurganists. I know we disagree on this, and one could write a book on it (and people have). So, here just a few points specifically for most of north/central Europe (west of the steppe/plains): Firstly, re timelines for people, culture, and language (IE) from the East to reach the areas west of the plains: If it is supposed to be Globular Amphora (GA), then (i) it is way too late given modern linguistic timings of the IE tree, and (ii) contradicts the fact that the area west of it a few hundred years later developed its own early and mid bronze age with documented trade and cultural exchange from the south (specifically over the Alps and with the Balkans/ Greece), not the east. Finally, GA has cultural continuity with the local Funnelbeaker (FB) offshoot of LBK, starts with megalithic graves and ends in "Hockergäber, no Tumuli - none of that is eastern. Associated cattle graves are a cultural continuity with FB, not of eastern origin, then, either. It can't be Baden either, because besides the timing issue, that is associated with the northern Balkans and not the east, and they had a mix of regular burials and cremations. Also, Baden has cultural continuity with the local Lengyel offshoot of LBK. If it is the bronze age, you have the problem that tumuli with the characteristic grave position don't occur until 600 years after the local early bronze age. Secondly, the proposed "driving agents" and supposedly introduced cultural items are mostly flawed in this region: - there are almost no warrior-chieftains graves; society was largely egalitarian (as before and after, even into the iron age, north of the Celts) - horses could not be used effectively because of heavy forestation, heavy soil, and expensive/unavailable winter fodder. And indeed, north of the Danube horses were extremely rare until Roman times. - chariots are equally useless and indeed were not used. The first usage of chariots is in south, in the celtic region, and not until the iron age. - the early bronze age is local there, with local production and import of raw materials from the north and the south, not the east. - there is local cultural continuity; very few things are adopted from the east (tumuli graves with characteristic position, but there are also cremations), most items are imported/adopted from the south, or are evolutions from local cultural continuity. Basically, by the time you get to western Poland, there is almost nothing left of any sorts of Kurgan (or hybrid) cultural package. Most importantly, anything that could have been causal in forcing the adoption of a new language is lacking. I was unable to post this to the new Dodecad entry but it is relevant to this thread. Perhaps Dienekes would be kind enough to copy it over to the other blog. http://dodecad.blogspot.com/2011/10/eurasia7-calculator.html#comments << [Kalash] proportions are consistent with previous results, showing them to be a "West Asian" population (62.4%) with substantial "South Asian" admixture (37.1%), and near-complete absence of any other genetic components. >> And yet the Kalash show strong traces of blondism of the hair and eyes. (Search google images for "Kalash".) Does this allude to an (partial?) Asian origin of Nordics? And again we see that the West Asian ancestral component and the Atlantic_Baltic component are much closer to each other (0.028) than they are to the Southern [European?] (0.055/ 0.058). And they are nearly as close to the South Asian (0.06/ 0/065) as they are to the Southern. Moreover they have simimlar distances to all the other components -- while the other components do not have similar distances? The data thus seems to suggest a West Asian origin of the Atlantic_Baltic [North European?] component. The present analysis thus seems consistent with an Asian origin of the Indo-Europeans. Supposedly they are publishing the results soon. At AGBT 2012 the slides showed that Otzi is equally distant, all genes-wise, to Tuscans and the rest of W and N Europeans (except Finns who are more distant). "Unfortunately there aren't any whole exome data for Sardinians yet (or Basques for that matter)" The low-pass (2-3+X genomes) Sardinian project which was a subject of another talk there is huge (6,000 individuals from 4 small towns, mostly with medical research in mind) but barely analyzed. I don't think that there were any meaningful comparisons with their dataset. The Sardinian data which Carlos Bustamante used were SNPs (best match genome-wise, and the Y hap was specific to Sardinia and Corsica). My notes don't say where this Sardinia SNP dataset came from, and it didn't sound like a new development. What seemed new was the conspicuous lack of closest similarity to 100- Genomes' Tuscans. Sorry I should have read this entry *before* listening to his talk, but at least I found your blog because of it ;) Old Blog Archive Dienekes' Anthropology blog is dedicated to human population genetics, physical anthropology, archaeology, and history. You are free to reuse any of the materials of this blog for non-commercial purposes, as long as you attribute them to Dienekes Pontikos and provide a link to either the individual blog entry or to Dienekes Anthropology Blog. Feel free to send e-mail to Dienekes Pontikos, or follow @dienekesp on Twitter.New 0-Day Flaw Affecting Most Android Phones Being Exploited in the Wild Another day, another revelation of a critical unpatched zero-day vulnerability, this time in the world’s most widely used mobile operating system, Android. What’s more? The Android zero-day vulnerability has also been found to be exploited in the wild by the Israeli surveillance vendor NSO Group—infamous for selling zero-day exploits to governments—or one of its customers, to gain control of their targets’ Android devices. Discovered by Project Zero researcher Maddie Stone, the details and a proof-of-concept exploit for the high-severity security vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2019-2215, has been made public today—just seven days after reporting it to the Android security team. The zero-day is a use-after-free vulnerability in the Android kernel’s binder driver that can allow a local privileged attacker or an app to escalate their privileges to gain root access to a vulnerable device and potentially take full remote control of the device. Vulnerable Android Devices The vulnerability resides in versions of Android kernel released before April last year, a patch for which was included in the 4.14 LTS Linux kernel released in December 2017 but was only incorporated in AOSP Android kernel versions 3.18, 4.4 and 4.9. Therefore, most Android devices manufactured and sold by a majority of vendors with the unpatched kernel are still vulnerable to this vulnerability even after having the latest Android updates, including below-listed popular smartphone models : Pixel 1 Pixel 1 XL Pixel 2 Pixel 2 XL Huawei P20 Xiaomi Redmi 5A Xiaomi Redmi Note 5 Xiaomi A1 Oppo A3 Moto Z3 Oreo LG phones Samsung S7 Samsung S8 Samsung S9 To be noted, Pixel 3, 3 XL, and 3a devices running the latest Android kernels are not vulnerable to the issue. Android Flaw Can Be Exploited Remotely According to the researcher, since the issue is “accessible from inside the Chrome sandbox,” the Android kernel zero-day vulnerability can also be exploited remotely by combining it with a separate Chrome rendering flaw. “The bug is a local privilege escalation vulnerability that allows for a full compromise of a vulnerable device. If the exploit is delivered via the Web, it only needs to be paired with a renderer exploit, as this vulnerability is accessible through the sandbox,” Stone says in the Chromium blog. “I’ve attached a local exploit proof-of-concept to demonstrate how this bug can be used to gain arbitrary kernel read/write when running locally. It only requires the untrusted app code execution to exploit CVE-2019-2215. I’ve also attached a screenshot (success.png) of the POC running on a Pixel 2, running Android 10 with security patch level September 2019.” Patches to be Made Available Soon Though Google will release a patch for this vulnerability in its October’s Android Security Bulletin in the coming days and also notified OEMs, most affected devices would not likely receive the patch immediately, unlike Google Pixel 1 and 2.

[ 271, 8183, 15, 187, 2618, 15, 387, 47889, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 387, 12472, 22, 313, 18532, 2879, 481, 12254, 9059, 326, 984, 253, 15056, 858, 417, 2826, 1309, 253, 2282, 273, 15056, 273, 8410, 13, 642, 17843, 1600, 369, 19588, 15, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 1349, 1028, 414, 273, 19440, 327, 436, 2523, 15, 380, 760, 14011, 253, 6413, 2111, 556, 1677, 327, 436, 2523, 369, 275, 19520, 362, 15, 9002, 13, 39802, 530, 15, 52, 15, 36076, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 1384, 3566, 13, 5693, 418, 15, 3996, 15, 19, 69, 721, 2759, 313, 19813, 481, 496, 326, 1083, 13, 247, 40677, 574, 644, 19344, 1293, 253, 5649, 273, 247, 4854, 15, 380, 4606, 323, 521, 10143, 497, 10557, 281, 779, 275, 247, 3055, 4804, 285, 497, 417, 1160, 1345, 1919, 597, 497, 1677, 275, 2380, 281, 8900, 9762, 846, 4176, 574, 2168, 644, 4724, 15, 380, 2111, 2918, 326, 984, 253, 28423, 273, 253, 4606, 323, 3482, 434, 15056, 346, 4238, 1160, 275, 253, 2282, 273, 247, 12379, 12162, 534, 858, 417, 25301, 1919, 846, 11810, 574, 9606, 253, 4975, 323, 534, 344, 14993, 2502, 560, 13, 352, 13353, 2550, 2085, 13767, 4507, 1329, 323, 521, 1750, 449, 4031, 15, 387, 36859, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 387, 1384, 2787, 15, 831, 3908, 310, 475, 740, 2759, 8489, 23851, 347, 352, 476, 320, 12814, 347, 4495, 326, 253, 7234, 812, 417, 5752, 347, 247, 3720, 323, 3482, 434, 1750, 984, 352, 574, 5866, 846, 521, 15056, 13, 390, 352, 476, 320, 12814, 347, 4495, 326, 253, 7234, 2550, 5752, 347, 247, 3720, 323, 247, 1750, 984, 597, 497, 1160, 275, 253, 2282, 273, 247, 12379, 12162, 15, 187, 510, 6413, 2111, 1160, 3806, 281, 253, 3448, 432, 5171, 275, 29927, 362, 15, 3228, 273, 32237, 13, 38848, 530, 15, 52, 15, 721, 1423, 13, 2233, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 15470, 25, 13, 9654, 418, 15, 3996, 15, 19, 69, 721, 3655, 313, 16134, 481, 496, 326, 1083, 13, 253, 9060, 273, 9651, 574, 644, 19344, 762, 11307, 273, 14697, 2589, 15, 380, 2111, 9713, 253, 2523, 273, 1880, 3482, 574, 644, 25979, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 407, 29672, 273, 1965, 3225, 1734, 407, 253, 3228, 6456, 327, 253, 1388, 2720, 281, 521, 10143, 15, 380, 3228, 15821, 13, 2299, 13, 3534, 642, 4606, 387, 253, 673, 273, 521, 10143, 15, 187, 688, 253, 1246, 1083, 13, 253, 2846, 14716, 949, 253, 42293, 6064, 273, 253, 3228, 6456, 14716, 4439, 281, 253, 1345, 271, 14163, 3221, 3908, 1607, 814, 920, 11810, 434, 33773, 285, 12974, 15, 18160, 369, 19439, 253, 1735, 1388, 15, 380, 6456, 434, 29672, 2959, 9470, 7031, 275, 253, 2315, 13, 285, 1014, 604, 597, 858, 417, 275, 1127, 273, 958, 346, 18923, 3, 11810, 434, 10143, 13, 253, 809, 312, 2473, 285, 331, 44916, 3006, 7260, 5604, 346, 30714, 60, 433, 62, 275, 253, 2282, 273, 253, 15056, 273, 8410, 449, 28142, 15, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 13, 36988, 530, 15, 52, 15, 721, 4590, 13, 47889, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 11343, 22, 13, 12472, 22, 13, 7543, 418, 15, 3996, 15, 19, 69, 27623, 313, 19813, 481, 187, 2618, 15, 387, 48891, 295, 15, 2145, 13, 2233, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 387, 11858, 23, 14, 1047, 2922, 295, 15, 2145, 15, 831, 3448, 275, 29927, 310, 3782, 4623, 984, 253, 2111, 10466, 314, 7478, 326, 253, 11795, 273, 253, 1345, 3006, 273, 253, 5575, 809, 20717, 369, 247, 4623, 2803, 275, 18000, 1880, 390, 417, 247, 17843, 1600, 369, 19588, 407, 253, 8183, 434, 15056, 15, 187, 510, 1986, 2077, 2111, 273, 9892, 323, 253, 6347, 6817, 13366, 9713, 436, 2523, 275, 25870, 587, 362, 15, 8799, 257, 13, 49820, 401, 15, 19, 69, 26138, 313, 19, 69, 4082, 15, 14960, 481, 6043, 13, 275, 326, 1083, 13, 369, 247, 2143, 9732, 665, 369, 19439, 323, 21649, 5411, 4948, 275, 3007, 2035, 342, 617, 8624, 15, 496, 16425, 326, 703, 574, 644, 25979, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 13, 3482, 16402, 326, 253, 1784, 462, 2473, 1491, 670, 617, 574, 644, 1345, 1025, 275, 247, 1180, 273, 4088, 13, 1690, 247, 3908, 407, 253, 2143, 4450, 21764, 83, 281, 253, 2418, 9333, 273, 35499, 326, 3482, 574, 644, 19439, 323, 21600, 15, 380, 2111, 2918, 326, 253, 5511, 281, 253, 2418, 9333, 273, 35499, 812, 417, 5752, 347, 247, 3720, 323, 29208, 26367, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 984, 346, 783, 5511, 5866, 846, 7048, 369, 19344, 285, 7613, 13, 275, 253, 5928, 273, 271, 8410, 2954, 13, 37752, 281, 387, 954, 253, 1511, 273, 2969, 809, 20717, 326, 253, 6413, 2111, 2918, 417, 281, 9632, 1955, 1232, 3570, 275, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 449, 4031, 15, 387, 26397, 15, 187, 510, 760, 1083, 534, 253, 2111, 556, 644, 2104, 281, 1089, 534, 11460, 247, 1501, 14, 49022, 9311, 281, 5752, 347, 247, 3720, 323, 17077, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 310, 26062, 362, 15, 322, 7, 52, 4563, 49999, 34148, 4855, 4726, 4412, 13, 48779, 401, 15, 19, 69, 35591, 313, 22, 394, 4082, 15, 14304, 481, 496, 326, 1083, 13, 247, 9732, 434, 3310, 369, 417, 23347, 407, 253, 2143, 4450, 984, 273, 11307, 326, 344, 574, 247, 10678, 1895, 15, 380, 2143, 4450, 14285, 417, 281, 10660, 3482, 434, 3310, 1293, 4933, 779, 667, 4606, 15, 496, 2380, 281, 247, 2748, 407, 3482, 13, 253, 2143, 4450, 1313, 581, 1770, 1996, 285, 42880, 497, 1160, 326, 3482, 434, 3310, 369, 417, 1146, 23347, 984, 273, 271, 5575, 10678, 1895, 15, 380, 2111, 2918, 326, 3482, 574, 644, 25979, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 984, 344, 574, 644, 331, 44916, 1025, 407, 841, 1345, 11307, 15, 380, 2173, 1953, 273, 1880, 390, 417, 253, 958, 326, 253, 9311, 273, 253, 11307, 5866, 846, 253, 3061, 417, 281, 10660, 3482, 434, 3310, 574, 644, 1160, 369, 1620, 9713, 407, 253, 2111, 15, 380, 2111, 858, 2319, 26062, 275, 247, 6774, 1083, 13, 19936, 352, 417, 323, 253, 13989, 326, 1501, 14, 49022, 9311, 369, 4209, 13, 533, 13, 2581, 13, 323, 253, 13989, 326, 253, 809, 20717, 3206, 878, 417, 2847, 253, 26367, 15, 2398, 250, 287, 362, 15, 3228, 273, 388, 451, 3983, 13, 45451, 401, 15, 19, 69, 42160, 313, 22, 394, 4082, 15, 9178, 481, 5749, 42, 62, 85, 310, 4209, 326, 253, 809, 20717, 2826, 275, 4602, 342, 13, 285, 320, 12054, 2905, 281, 13, 253, 26787, 273, 253, 987, 390, 1600, 449, 4031, 15, 387, 45502, 15, 187, 11, 740, 2227, 380, 5441, 273, 26062, 403, 7826, 37651, 432, 253, 8164, 1083, 15, 496, 26062, 253, 2143, 4450, 369, 13423, 327, 1880, 281, 10660, 253, 3482, 434, 3310, 323, 253, 1563, 807, 15, 3308, 13, 3738, 253, 3061, 281, 24174, 574, 2168, 644, 1160, 387, 253, 673, 273, 253, 809, 20717, 13, 271, 8410, 2954, 1335, 13164, 387, 253, 673, 352, 369, 1160, 15, 187, 510, 2111, 20097, 13, 846, 16725, 253, 7763, 19440, 13, 326, 253, 5441, 5575, 407, 3482, 275, 253, 8164, 1083, 513, 417, 1375, 247, 1750, 323, 26367, 273, 247, 17843, 1600, 1293, 1955, 1232, 15, 380, 2111, 36683, 326, 253, 11307, 6828, 1411, 3482, 778, 1077, 973, 4723, 521, 12681, 285, 2818, 521, 3745, 281, 4044, 2852, 8410, 15, 831, 13, 2299, 13, 651, 320, 2032, 273, 667, 809, 20717, 13, 1880, 390, 417, 352, 369, 1160, 275, 4602, 342, 3482, 434, 15056, 15, 1707, 3249, 247, 1127, 275, 673, 672, 1501, 15056, 9311, 273, 809, 20717, 4916, 10481, 8905, 432, 253, 15056, 3139, 594, 347, 281, 1056, 352, 642, 3356, 1561, 346, 783, 2282, 273, 15056, 273, 8410, 449, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 13, 36988, 530, 15, 52, 15, 721, 4590, 13, 47889, 13, 9161, 322, 15, 5229, 15, 11343, 22, 13, 12472, 22, 13, 7543, 418, 15, 3996, 15, 19, 69, 27623, 313, 20778, 481, 187, 510, 6413, 2111, 434, 5877, 275, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 9838, 36217, 436, 2111, 434, 6452, 15, 496, 326, 1083, 13, 253, 2111, 2918, 326, 247, 809, 312, 2473, 3908, 1160, 407, 247, 1375, 3565, 369, 417, 49353, 275, 285, 273, 3139, 762, 3015, 11299, 285, 253, 39056, 10737, 15, 13771, 13, 253, 809, 20717, 1364, 320, 11704, 407, 2957, 273, 8410, 15, 1707, 3249, 247, 673, 387, 534, 253, 809, 20717, 6505, 253, 5111, 1288, 486, 273, 5986, 273, 3667, 592, 362, 15, 28230, 13, 285, 4916, 2969, 809, 20717, 1561, 253, 5877, 273, 5171, 362, 15, 11328, 15, 380, 2111, 20097, 326, 253, 1127, 556, 644, 4925, 275, 253, 8164, 1083, 285, 326, 253, 7234, 275, 1953, 403, 417, 49353, 762, 3015, 11299, 285, 253, 39056, 10737, 15, 187, 2773, 310, 417, 281, 1333, 13, 2299, 13, 326, 3482, 310, 1293, 247, 16748, 15, 1284, 809, 20717, 13, 841, 5441, 778, 20420, 1375, 247, 1750, 762, 1375, 1569, 15, 380, 2111, 760, 20097, 326, 3482, 556, 642, 2847, 273, 2250, 762, 4400, 1569, 13, 285, 13, 3103, 13, 7159, 8, 3200, 281, 5597, 588, 320, 7169, 15, 187, 605, 187, 605, 8283, 313, 36, 10, 4765, 17287, 757, 18623, 1216, 654, 29857, 757, 15, 40742, 1216, 33, 550, 84, 14, 77, 5375, 15, 2061, 31, 187, 605, 187, 605, 15027, 318, 323, 841, 11911, 310, 387, 3944, 1358, 306, 968, 15, 5546, 19, 89, 15, 2061, 16, 187, 605, 187, 605, 35588, 57, 14, 17736, 14, 18483, 27, 32506, 14, 19, 15, 17, 14, 263, 14, 31312, 187, 605, 187, 605, 831, 2086, 310, 1959, 3694, 28, 368, 476, 25529, 352, 285, 16, 263, 10007, 187, 605, 352, 762, 253, 2426, 273, 253, 11963, 4214, 5259, 4637, 347, 3863, 407, 187, 605, 253, 7648, 9107, 6807, 28, 2057, 2715, 374, 273, 253, 4637, 13, 390, 187, 605, 313, 255, 634, 4500, 10, 667, 1996, 2715, 15, 187, 605, 187, 605, 831, 2086, 310, 5939, 275, 253, 3524, 326, 352, 588, 320, 4217, 13, 187, 605, 533, 15002, 9103, 23181, 28, 1293, 1014, 253, 10466, 17529, 273, 187, 605, 20863, 390, 20524, 6651, 329, 20383, 20103, 15, 50276, 5035, 253, 187, 605, 11963, 4214, 5259, 4637, 323, 625, 4278, 15, 187, 605, 187, 605, 1422, 943, 452, 2959, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 11963, 4214, 5259, 4637, 187, 605, 2112, 342, 436, 2086, 28, 604, 417, 13, 3630, 281, 253, 7648, 9107, 187, 605, 6807, 13, 3690, 904, 8978, 17658, 13470, 13, 32261, 24792, 13, 9693, 13, 6908, 50276, 2640, 10768, 14, 1012, 2922, 50276, 22396, 187, 605, 187, 187, 4, 26579, 2378, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 306, 968, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 4793, 16, 18833, 16, 5964, 34, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 4793, 16, 18833, 16, 32876, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 4793, 16, 19210, 3364, 16, 38727, 4638, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 306, 968, 16, 4793, 16, 12039, 19512, 16, 31280, 14873, 7104, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 12361, 27394, 551, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 329, 31616, 6125, 253, 1612, 4080, 327, 247, 5048, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 380, 31616, 310, 4764, 1025, 407, 253, 4294, 2491, 13, 673, 7726, 285, 8820, 10538, 24786, 15, 187, 475, 380, 2625, 1612, 310, 7141, 275, 278, 3370, 88, 1595, 15, 187, 475, 8714, 932, 476, 320, 5678, 549, 334, 3899, 1037, 281, 13, 299, 15, 72, 904, 11897, 11689, 5611, 407, 2067, 21481, 6298, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 2887, 31616, 19611, 187, 475, 1214, 2887, 46177, 187, 1738, 187, 2437, 16197, 11965, 64, 11252, 31616, 551, 187, 4387, 27, 187, 50274, 32136, 1082, 426, 4284, 28, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 27671, 1529, 31616, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 32136, 9, 3474, 31616, 7, 643, 558, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 13119, 247, 31616, 342, 5058, 1612, 285, 1293, 11795, 1491, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 911, 20692, 31616, 9, 38727, 4638, 946, 558, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 13119, 247, 31616, 342, 5058, 1612, 323, 247, 673, 7726, 15, 187, 50273, 8480, 187, 50274, 32136, 9, 38727, 4638, 946, 13, 948, 2606, 64, 85, 1265, 13, 948, 2606, 64, 85, 7467, 558, 187, 50274, 95, 32136, 1082, 426, 4284, 28, 535, 50274, 6930, 187, 50273, 11, 5057, 253, 46177, 436, 31616, 310, 2931, 327, 15 ]

an employee. Id. at 710, 96 S.Ct. at 1165 (emphasis added). Defendants argue that because the termination did not occur during the course of termination of employment, no liberty interest was implicated. There is a paucity of precedent on this issue. The only indication the Supreme Court has given on this issue was in Bishop v. Wood, 426 U.S. 341, 96 S.Ct. 2074, 48 L.Ed.2d 684 (1976). In that case, a policeman had been terminated without the benefit of a hearing. The reasons for his discharge were disclosed to him in a private meeting and were not made public until they were given in response to discovery requests after suit had already been filed. The Court held that because the revelation of the reasons for plaintiff's termination "was made in the course of a judicial proceeding which did not commence until after petitioner had suffered the injury for which he seeks redress, it surely cannot provide retroactive support for his claim." Id. at 348, 96 S.Ct. at 2079. This statement is *1084 somewhat ambiguous as it can be interpreted as meaning that the statements could not serve as a basis for plaintiff's claim because it had occurred after his termination, or it can be interpreted as meaning that the statements cannot serve as a basis for a claim because they were made in the course of a judicial proceeding. The Supreme Court made reference to the language from Paul in Owen v. City of Independence, 445 U.S. 622, 100 S.Ct. 1398, 63 L.Ed.2d 673 (1980). In that case, the Chief of Police had been terminated under allegations of improper conduct. The Court addressed the issue of whether plaintiff had been deprived of a liberty interest by accusations of impropriety by the City Council on the day prior to his discharge. The City Manager, however, gave no reasons at the time of his discharge. In the present case, the city through the unanimous resolution of the City Council released to the public an allegedly false statement impugning petitioner's honesty and integrity. Petitioner was discharged the next day. The Council's accusations received extensive coverage in the press, and even if they did not in point of fact "cause" petitioner's discharge, the defamatory and stigmatizing charges certainly "occur[red] in the course of the termination of employment." Cf. Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693, 710, 96 S.Ct. 1155, 1165, 47 L.Ed.2d 405 (1976). Id. at 633 n. 13, 100 S.Ct. at 1406-1407 n. 13. This language in Owen is particularly relevant because the Court impliedly recognized that the timing of the publicizing of the alleged defamation was a relevant factor in deciding whether or not a liberty interest was implicated by the employee's termination. The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit briefly addressed this issue in Gentile v. Wallen, 562 F.2d 193 (2d Cir. 1977). Plaintiff, in that case, was a school teacher who was discharged for falsifying forms in collusion with her principal. In arguing that she had been deprived of a liberty interest, plaintiff asserted that the derogatory information about her had been publicized in a number of ways, including a statement by the school board treasurer to the State Division of Employment that plaintiff had been discharged for misconduct. The Court held that the communication to the State Division of Employment could not serve as a basis for asserting deprivation of a liberty interest because "the communication occurred after appellant was terminated and hence, in the absence of an employment relationship, amounted to at most the type of simple defamation that the Supreme Court held not to trigger due process rights in Paul v. Davis." Id. at 198. The only case which the Court has been able to find which permitted a post-termination publication to serve as a basis for assertion of a liberty interest is Dennis v. S&S Consolidated Rural High School District, 577 F.2d 338 (5th Cir. 1978). In that case, a teacher's contract was not renewed by the school board because of allegations that he had a drinking problem. The school board voted not to renew plaintiff's contract without giving him any reasons. In response to a request by plaintiff, the school board met one month later and disclosures were made that plaintiff's contract was not being renewed because of an alleged drinking problem. The Court held that plaintiff had been deprived of a liberty interest because he had been stigmatized by these public allegations. The specific question of whether or not the fact that the publication of the allegations occurred after the decision not to renew plaintiff's contract had been made was never addressed by the Court. The Court did discuss Dennis in a subsequent case, citing it not for the proposition that post-termination publication was sufficient, but, rather, for the proposition that the defamation involved need not cause the deprivation. Marrero v. City of Hialeah, 625 F.2d 499 (5th Cir. 1980). "[I]t is sufficient that the defamation occur in connection with, and be reasonably related to, the alteration of the right or interest." Id. at 519. *1085 The facts of Dennis are potentially distinguishable from the instant case. In Dennis the school board was voting on whether to renew the plaintiff's contract for the following year. Thus, although the decision to terminate had already been made at the time of the defamation, an employment relationship still existed at the time it was made. The Court concludes, after reviewing the applicable precedent, that the facts alleged by plaintiff in the instant case do not state a claim for deprivation of a liberty interest without due process. The Court realizes that the allegations directed against plaintiff may very well damage his reputation and affect his ability to obtain future employment. This, however, would be true of any defamation, whether or not it was made in connection with plaintiff's termination. There comes a point in time when post termination publication of defamation becomes sufficiently remote from the termination itself so as to make it no longer within "the course of termination of employment." Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693, 710, 96 S.Ct. 1155, 1165, 47 L.Ed.2d 405 (1975). The Supreme Court's holding in Paul v. Davis reinforces this Court's conclusion. In that case, the Court held that a defamatory statement made by a state official was not actionable in and of itself under § 1983 and the Fourteenth Amendment. Rather, the defamation must be accompanied by loss of employment. There comes a time at which the defamation leaves the umbrage of Board of Regents v. Roth, and becomes simple defamation within the holding of Paul v. Davis. The Court concludes that the point has been reached in the instant case and that the statements in question are not actionable under § 1983 and the Fourteenth Amendment. That is not to say, however, that plaintiff is without a remedy. As defamation, these facts may appropriately state a claim under state law. The Court only concludes that plaintiff has no cause of action under federal law, and, therefore, defendants' motion to dismiss will be granted. // // Copyright (C) 2018 Fabian Bronner <[email protected]> // // Documentation for these modules is at http://veins.car2x.org/ // // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later // // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by // the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or // (at your option) any later version. // // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU General Public License for more details. // // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software // Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA // #pragma once #include "veins/veins.h" #include "veins/base/utils/POA.h" #include "veins/base/utils/Coord.h" #include "veins/base/toolbox/Spectrum.h" #include "veins/base/phyLayer/AnalogueModel.h" namespace veins { /** * A Signal represents the power measured on a channel. * * The Signal is parameterized by the frequency range, time interval and spatial posititon. * The signal power is stored in milliwatt. * Signals can be combined arithmetically to, e.g., compute interference introduced by several overlapping signals. * * @see SignalUtils * @see Spectrum */ class VEINS_API Signal { public: Signal() = default; /** * Copy another Signal. */ Signal(const Signal& other); /** * Create a Signal with zero power and without timing information. */ explicit Signal(Spectrum spec); /** * Create a Signal with zero power for a time interval. */ Signal(Spectrum spec, simtime_t start, simtime_t duration); ~Signal() = default; /** * Get the Spectrum this Signal is defined on.

[ 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 6877, 187, 187, 55, 2441, 285, 1481, 26740, 941, 497, 5867, 407, 6015, 6260, 273, 11041, 281, 4271, 253, 2022, 285, 5016, 2538, 273, 26961, 2685, 3884, 285, 2685, 8593, 15, 12079, 3020, 6332, 497, 15045, 342, 1608, 2843, 254, 434, 7321, 32627, 12009, 422, 40358, 5199, 13, 285, 253, 10904, 475, 81, 11, 2193, 403, 2011, 323, 253, 1501, 26901, 6260, 15, 844, 908, 271, 1527, 2603, 1159, 6335, 2444, 327, 416, 3694, 4907, 475, 1145, 729, 518, 328, 11, 323, 253, 7605, 1783, 16616, 2413, 1358, 24078, 5985, 15, 5581, 15, 89, 13517, 15, 23731, 16, 4663, 15, 5581, 32, 44908, 6, 38, 22, 6, 2270, 6, 26, 35, 37322, 187, 187, 55, 2441, 659, 27410, 18194, 723, 1712, 1704, 25, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 26043, 187, 187, 14067, 253, 4942, 2159, 9759, 273, 884, 1186, 84, 13, 954, 273, 253, 1071, 7587, 22536, 5058, 13716, 13, 3707, 323, 767, 7587, 407, 767, 5014, 342, 5058, 13716, 15, 187, 187, 60, 2841, 374, 1084, 926, 19, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 986, 2722, 253, 1599, 1670, 421, 4757, 17503, 2439, 5014, 762, 253, 767, 26961, 2685, 2515, 323, 253, 1264, 2685, 4328, 2515, 15, 1707, 497, 1534, 2022, 2538, 273, 26961, 2685, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 23, 15, 1166, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 22439, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 21940, 13, 285, 2685, 4328, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 1508, 15, 2227, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 4713, 1186, 15, 2874, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 20914, 15, 380, 767, 14, 1106, 5016, 273, 26961, 2685, 285, 2685, 4328, 369, 417, 1534, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 1508, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 28560, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 5523, 15, 20815, 14023, 273, 2685, 4328, 4950, 10046, 1670, 421, 17503, 273, 2406, 1673, 7147, 5170, 1673, 1617, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 20, 15, 3763, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 7931, 13, 285, 10046, 1670, 421, 17503, 273, 2120, 14, 3423, 7147, 5170, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 23, 15, 3357, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 2874, 13, 285, 2406, 1673, 2515, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 20, 15, 1235, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 8897, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 12515, 1670, 421, 4757, 17503, 323, 1016, 4328, 285, 3884, 273, 26961, 2685, 15, 11759, 8965, 1957, 2629, 2228, 273, 253, 1599, 15, 5815, 1386, 6125, 941, 432, 271, 2060, 14687, 5774, 740, 15, 45085, 64, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 14, 926, 19, 4253, 926, 19, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 187, 22893, 5201, 26380, 1712, 1704, 26, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 23380, 187, 187, 8639, 253, 1783, 13, 359, 25665, 253, 19958, 1481, 6887, 275, 253, 806, 884, 13009, 313, 1518, 13818, 10, 432, 15199, 11653, 281, 23808, 342, 253, 3665, 2281, 5926, 387, 253, 5068, 273, 1016, 9759, 15, 544, 2841, 495, 1084, 926, 20, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 986, 2722, 253, 1599, 673, 2962, 273, 13235, 283, 5996, 8538, 1481, 26740, 2797, 432, 253, 388, 7414, 1899, 2439, 5014, 4103, 281, 253, 3302, 388, 7414, 1899, 273, 253, 15199, 9759, 313, 4793, 1899, 481, 380, 5325, 6, 7162, 11508, 273, 1016, 10491, 1127, 497, 10302, 407, 247, 8492, 14, 43122, 285, 21702, 313, 3979, 66, 10, 28551, 1332, 313, 38, 925, 251, 13, 12034, 481, 20597, 272, 15374, 5420, 281, 4711, 3579, 1481, 26740, 13, 1223, 16122, 15374, 5420, 281, 4711, 4512, 19265, 26740, 15, 5076, 13, 253, 10896, 273, 253, 1481, 26740, 5420, 1027, 2439, 2685, 8593, 387, 1878, 323, 253, 34602, 3102, 15, 13658, 13, 323, 253, 34602, 2685, 13, 2406, 285, 2120, 14, 3423, 2515, 20845, 281, 4711, 4067, 3579, 1481, 26740, 2429, 342, 253, 5170, 1673, 1617, 15, 733, 310, 671, 16613, 326, 1599, 1481, 16837, 4925, 12139, 1584, 275, 253, 2393, 2180, 273, 15199, 9759, 323, 1097, 7466, 285, 22170, 13, 342, 3629, 7162, 11508, 689, 673, 15, 1916, 31986, 253, 673, 2282, 273, 253, 1481, 16837, 625, 4518, 13, 359, 17944, 475, 85, 11, 2193, 347, 271, 15301, 273, 11254, 432, 253, 2613, 1899, 347, 247, 1159, 273, 673, 323, 1016, 1617, 2470, 2841, 577, 1084, 926, 21, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 2536, 380, 475, 85, 11, 2193, 403, 625, 13406, 275, 253, 2393, 2180, 273, 15199, 9759, 13, 13237, 10884, 281, 8245, 275, 253, 3563, 2180, 13, 6830, 984, 273, 26740, 896, 1955, 281, 1327, 34309, 313, 70, 15, 72, 904, 20229, 27186, 10, 6298, 15, 844, 3103, 4272, 253, 1481, 26740, 941, 715, 253, 806, 608, 1186, 84, 313, 18579, 2180, 10, 285, 253, 1390, 608, 1186, 84, 313, 12579, 2180, 10, 285, 5867, 731, 11794, 15, 5838, 326, 436, 3061, 281, 8085, 253, 941, 369, 1501, 26901, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 12515, 1481, 16837, 24102, 4103, 281, 253, 2613, 1899, 2439, 512, 5014, 323, 1016, 2685, 4328, 285, 3884, 15, 31322, 1957, 3388, 1481, 1899, 2439, 7587, 275, 1016, 1617, 15, 31641, 21111, 1957, 253, 5325, 6, 7162, 11508, 323, 1016, 941, 1127, 13, 2797, 407, 253, 28551, 1332, 15, 29071, 285, 4016, 2193, 327, 253, 9118, 7844, 1957, 13235, 285, 12637, 16837, 13, 2975, 5774, 740, 15, 45085, 64, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 14, 926, 20, 4253, 926, 20, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 187, 3138, 4769, 2962, 273, 3410, 14, 6160, 475, 85, 11, 2193, 432, 253, 2613, 1899, 2439, 5014, 323, 1016, 2685, 4328, 285, 3884, 15, 29071, 285, 4016, 2193, 327, 253, 9118, 7844, 1957, 253, 1481, 4886, 13235, 314, 390, 12637, 314, 4103, 281, 253, 2613, 1899, 13, 2975, 5774, 740, 15, 45085, 64, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 14, 926, 21, 4253, 926, 21, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 94, 187, 187, 1231, 5118, 253, 1481, 16837, 8492, 323, 1016, 2332, 347, 253, 1599, 1481, 16837, 1309, 26961, 2685, 9759, 4103, 281, 253, 2613, 1899, 15, 12318, 16837, 8492, 5550, 2522, 16837, 2807, 323, 1016, 2332, 369, 2931, 347, 3637, 27, 1764, 1156, 92, 2522, 889, 393, 1156, 92, 3431, 26380, 94, 426, 393, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 47, 889, 2204, 61, 10423, 578, 79, 1990, 47, 94, 89, 578, 79, 889, 3318, 2811, 475, 89, 11, 310, 253, 1481, 1899, 323, 1016, 19958, 1127, 13, 285, 475, 47, 11, 310, 253, 1180, 273, 19958, 941, 2792, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 671, 5118, 253, 7880, 1318, 273, 1481, 16837, 281, 12106, 253, 9777, 273, 253, 1481, 16837, 15, 380, 7880, 1481, 16837, 323, 1016, 2332, 369, 2931, 347, 3637, 27, 1764, 1156, 92, 49805, 889, 393, 1156, 92, 2522, 889, 393, 1156, 92, 3431, 26380, 94, 426, 393, 1274, 93, 1926, 1156, 92, 2522, 889, 393, 1156, 92, 3431, 26380, 599, 393, 918, 93, 1890, 187, 187, 1231, 840, 17522, 1481, 16837, 285, 7880, 1481, 16837, 323, 1016, 14687, 689, 2800, 7587, 591, 1617, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2534, 14777, 275, 544, 2841, 608, 1084, 926, 22, 14, 15781, 1036, 26541, 14619, 2090, 2941, 910, 709, 14, 881, 568, 926, 986, 921, 253, 1599, 1481, 16837, 2439, 512, 5014, 1309, 2393, 285, 3563, 9894, 273, 253, 15199, 9759, 762, 253, 767, 26961, 2685, 2515, 285, 253, 1264, 2685, 4328, 2515, 15, 496, 253, 2393, 2180, 13, 627, 369, 247, 1534, 2022, 1055, 273, 26961, 2685, 3884, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 25, 15, 1047, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 21940, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 24724, 13, 7809, 1027, 31306, 275, 1481, 16837, 323, 22170, 285, 7466, 13, 533, 642, 1534, 2022, 1055, 273, 2685, 4328, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 3141, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 1518, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 15798, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 1534, 5016, 273, 26961, 2685, 285, 2685, 4328, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 23, 15, 2922, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 13925, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 38823, 15, 41925, 1783, 4950, 1534, 2969, 2022, 2538, 273, 26961, 2685, 323, 2120, 14, 3423, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 23, 15, 3141, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 26045, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 24562, 13, 285, 2406, 1673, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 740, 15, 1797, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 13144, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 31699, 13, 2515, 533, 417, 323, 253, 5170, 1673, 1617, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 3011, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 30413, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 21940, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 2969, 2022, 1055, 273, 2685, 4328, 323, 253, 34602, 3102, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 24, 15, 1857, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 5523, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 14832, 13, 533, 417, 323, 253, 16122, 3102, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 1047, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 16767, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 29695, 15, 20815, 14023, 273, 253, 2685, 4328, 323, 22170, 4950, 4067, 1481, 16837, 275, 2406, 285, 2120, 14, 3423, 2515, 685, 253, 5170, 1673, 1617, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 21, 15, 938, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 8972, 28, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 19, 15, 1976, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 14521, 13, 533, 642, 1534, 3064, 875, 2406, 1673, 285, 2120, 14, 3423, 2515, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 1731, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 28953, 15, 496, 253, 3563, 2180, 13, 627, 369, 247, 1534, 2022, 1055, 273, 2685, 4328, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 21, 15, 1099, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 18092, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 21348, 13, 5727, 642, 1534, 2022, 1055, 273, 26961, 2685, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 18, 13, 854, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 19, 15, 3507, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 14783, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 30479, 13, 390, 767, 14, 1106, 5016, 13, 475, 39, 5355, 19, 13, 1668, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 31408, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 49268, 13, 24355, 63, 19, 63, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 9104, 13, 369, 2540, 15, 20815, 14023, 4950, 4067, 1481, 16837, 275, 253, 2120, 14, 3423, 7147, 5170, 1673, 1617, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 20, 15, 2640, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 25814, 13, 533, 642, 1534, 3064, 875, 5170, 285, 2406, 1673, 2515, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 2055, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 39289, 13, 390, 2120, 285, 2406, 1673, 2515, 13, 475, 85, 5355, 25, 10, 1186, 30, 1186, 18, 15, 2904, 13, 475, 81, 11, 1186, 30, 1186, 15, 27893, 15, 187, 187, 3138, 12515, 1481, 16837, 4103, 281, 253, 2613, 1899, 323, 1016, 4328, 285, 3884, 273, 26961, 2685, 15, 844, 11794, 5118, 253, 1599, 1481, 16837, 323, 313, 66, 10, 806, 608, 256, 285, 313, 67, 10, 1390, 608, 256, 432, 253, 15199, 11653, 15, 5815, 1386, 6125, 941, 432, 271, 2060, 14687, 15 ]

19886903} ======= Vection and head sway data were analyzed by repeated analyses of variance to identify the main and interaction effects of optic flow direction and flow locations. Familywise errors were corrected with Shaffer's modified sequentially rejective Bonferroni procedure, and the adjusted *p* values are shown for the post hoc analyses. We used an open source function library working on R software named *Anovakun* for the statistical analysis (<http://riseki.php.xdomain.jp/index.php?ANOVA%E5%90%9B>). Vection Strength Ratings {#sec8-2041669519886903} ------------------------ Despite the relatively short presentation of 10 s, most of the test trials exceeded zero rating, except for two trials by two participants with zero rating. [Figure 2](#fig2-2041669519886903){ref-type="fig"} shows the mean vection strength ratings across participants under the two optic flow conditions for the three flow location conditions. There were significant main effects of optic flow, *F*(1, 8) = 6.17, *p* = .038, η^2^ = 0.021, and flow location, *F*(2, 16) = 23.85, *p* \< .001, η^2^ = 0.303. The two-way interaction of optic flow and flow location was not significant, *F*(2, 16) = 1.23, *p* = .318, η^2^ = 0.005. Multiple comparisons of flow location revealed stronger vection ratings of lower field versus upper field condition, *t*(8) = 3.62, *p* = .007, and stronger vection ratings of full-field versus upper, *t*(8) = 6.53, *p* = .001, and lower field conditions, *t*(8) = 3.50, *p* = .008. ![Mean vection strength ratings for each location and direction of optic flow. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Each line represents data from an individual participant.](10.1177_2041669519886903-fig2){#fig2-2041669519886903} Head Displacement {#sec9-2041669519886903} ----------------- Before the analysis, we discarded the sampled head positions in the first 10 frames (200 ms) from stimulus onset to cope with the frame rate drop at the beginning of each presentation. [Figure 3](#fig3-2041669519886903){ref-type="fig"} shows the mean time series of anterior--posterior head sway obtained from the HMD position across participants relative to the initial HMD position of the stimulus presentation (base position). The 95% confidence intervals of each sampling point were computed by a bias-corrected and accelerated (BCa) bootstrap method (Efron, 1987). Contracting stimuli appeared to produce forward head sway, while expanding stimuli appeared to produce slight backward sway. Moreover, the amplitude of the head sway appeared different across flow locations at least for the contracting pattern. Specifically, for the contracting flow, lower and full-field conditions tended to produce larger forward head sway compared with the upper field condition. It is also notable that mean head displacement reached asymptote in the early period of stimulus presentation for both expansion and contraction, with increasing confidence intervals over time. To visualize the time course of the head displacement more clearly, we plotted *t* values as an indicator of deviation from the base position as a function of time for each condition ([Figure 4](#fig4-2041669519886903){ref-type="fig"}). The *t* values are more remarkable in the early period of stimulus presentation, gradually returning to baseline in the late period, possibly because of sway back due to nonvisual (e.g., vestibular) signals. We therefore divided the head sway data into the first 5 s (early period) and the last 5 s (late period) and analyzed them separately. Note that this decision to split the data was post hoc. ![Mean head displacement trajectories relative to the base position across all participants for each flow location and direction. Lines represent average head position across trials in each condition. Ribbons represent the 95% confidence intervals for each data point, obtained by the bootstrap method. Positive and negative values on the vertical axis represent anterior and posterior displacement, respectively.](10.1177_2041669519886903-fig3){#fig3-2041669519886903} ![Time series of sample-specific *t* values from the base position across participants for each flow location and direction. Positive and negative values on the vertical axis represent the head moving anteriorly or posteriorly relative to the base position, respectively.](10.1177_2041669519886903-fig4){#fig4-2041669519886903} We calculated the head displacement bias for each trial as the mean head displacement during optic flow presentation relative to the base position. Head displacement bias ("head displacement") for each trial was defined as follows: $$\text{head}\ \text{displacement} = \frac{1}{N}\sum\limits_{n}^{N}x_{n}\ $$where *x* is the head position for each sampled point, and *N* is the number of sampled data points. We also calculated the absolute value of head displacement to analyze the magnitude of the head displacement. The absolute head displacement for each trial was defined as follows: $$\text{Absolute}\ \text{head}\ \text{displacement} = \left| {\text{head}\ \text{displacement}} \right|$$ We then averaged head displacement and absolute head displacement for each participant over six trials per condition. The bar plots in [Figure 5](#fig5-2041669519886903){ref-type="fig"} show the mean head displacement across all participants during early and late periods of the stimulus presentation under the two optic flow conditions and the three flow location conditions. In the early period, there was a significant main effect of optic flow direction, *F*(1, 8) = 8.14, *p* = .021, η^2^ = 0.262, indicating different biases in head displacement for contraction and expansion, but no significant main effect of flow location, *F*(2, 16) = 1.78, *p* = .200, η^2^ = 0.024. There was a significant interaction of optic flow and flow location, *F*(2, 16) = 6.07, *p* = .011, η^2^ = 0.089. Subsequent analysis revealed significant simple main effects of optic flow for full-field, *F*(1, 8) = 6.78, *p* = .031, η^2^ = 0.374, and lower field, *F*(1, 8) = 10.21, *p* = .013, η^2^ = 0.476, conditions but not for the upper field condition, *F*(1, 8) = 0.57, *p* = .474, η^2^ = 0.021. There was a simple main effect of flow location for the contracting pattern, *F*(2, 16) = 7.45, *p* = .005, η^2^ = 0.225, but not for the expanding pattern, *F*(2, 16) = 1.14, *p* = .345, η^2^ = 0.054. Multiple comparisons of the flow location for contraction revealed larger head displacement in lower and full-field conditions than the upper field condition, *t*(8) = 4.20, *p* = .009; *t*(8) = 2.75, *p* = .025, but no significant difference between lower field and full-field conditions, *t*(8) = 0.26, *p* = .803. In the late period, there was a significant main effect of flow location, *F*(2, 16) = 4.25, *p* = .033, η^2^ = 0.036, whereas no significant main effect of optic flow, *F*(1, 8) = 2.82, *p* = .132, η^2^ = 0.059, or two-way interaction, *F*(2, 16) = 0.473, *p* = .632, η^2^ = 0.010, was observed. Multiple comparisons revealed larger head displacement in the full-field versus upper field condition, *t*(8) = 3.02, *p* = .049, but no significant difference between upper and lower field conditions, *t*(8) = 1.88, *p* = .097, or full and lower field conditions, *t*(8) = 1.08, *p* = .313. ![Mean head displacement relative to the base position for each location and direction of optic flow. We separately calculated the mean head displacement for (a) first 5 s and (b) last 5 s from the stimulus onset. Each line represents data from an individual participant.

[ 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 4185, 67, 18, 14836, 2950, 69, 26233, 1717, 1099, 324, 19, 69, 453, 26, 66, 2597, 34237, 14576, 19, 796, 3342, 2090, 69, 11316, 1525, 746, 567, 69, 2417, 3342, 26, 1731, 66, 24, 71, 4590, 71, 24, 71, 14, 4658, 14485, 85, 14, 18, 15, 18, 15, 1706, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 24343, 64, 84, 3247, 64, 22, 15, 22, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 1731, 67, 20, 70, 2222, 1678, 71, 20, 69, 26, 68, 39126, 68, 21980, 14576, 1857, 35537, 67, 20, 67, 25, 14, 24343, 64, 84, 3247, 64, 22, 15, 22, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 1166, 1093, 1036, 21340, 71, 17364, 1010, 68, 2090, 70, 44828, 71, 24, 66, 21, 71, 18, 68, 20, 21553, 1867, 43847, 70, 1797, 71, 26, 2950, 567, 48463, 2759, 67, 16552, 38503, 70, 23, 26541, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 346, 1731, 67, 20, 70, 2222, 1678, 71, 20, 69, 26, 68, 39126, 68, 21980, 14576, 1857, 35537, 67, 20, 67, 25, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 1731, 67, 20, 70, 2222, 1678, 71, 20, 69, 26, 68, 39126, 68, 21980, 14576, 1857, 35537, 67, 20, 67, 25, 14, 24343, 64, 84, 3247, 64, 22, 15, 22, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 77, 7229, 14, 21, 15, 18, 15, 18, 15, 42649, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 77, 7229, 14, 21, 15, 18, 15, 18, 15, 42649, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 48173, 6357, 832, 18, 886, 24, 68, 3141, 70, 17, 68, 1706, 67, 17, 71, 23, 67, 3953, 453, 2945, 69, 17, 71, 938, 17107, 1010, 567, 68, 3141, 31730, 69, 23025, 1839, 66, 22, 7836, 69, 17, 71, 1449, 70, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 48173, 6357, 832, 18, 886, 24, 68, 3141, 70, 17, 68, 1706, 67, 17, 71, 23, 67, 3953, 453, 2945, 69, 17, 71, 938, 17107, 1010, 567, 68, 3141, 31730, 69, 23025, 1839, 66, 22, 7836, 69, 17, 71, 1449, 70, 14, 77, 7229, 14, 21, 15, 18, 15, 18, 15, 42649, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 78, 1792, 324, 67, 64, 8780, 14, 19, 15, 17, 15, 17, 14, 7614, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 66, 22187, 20895, 70, 2941, 69, 20, 68, 1229, 3121, 2358, 67, 21, 68, 48923, 69, 2055, 1036, 3832, 14, 78, 1792, 324, 67, 64, 8780, 14, 19, 15, 17, 15, 17, 14, 7614, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 9194, 19, 71, 37950, 615, 66, 25814, 68, 16129, 2357, 1671, 2275, 21358, 3348, 584, 18, 69, 25, 883, 69, 23, 66, 3507, 1093, 14711, 67, 361, 4482, 5781, 26, 67, 2759, 12352, 22, 2428, 1549, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 346, 66, 22187, 20895, 70, 2941, 69, 20, 68, 1229, 3121, 2358, 67, 21, 68, 48923, 69, 2055, 1036, 3832, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 66, 22187, 20895, 70, 2941, 69, 20, 68, 1229, 3121, 2358, 67, 21, 68, 48923, 69, 2055, 1036, 3832, 14, 78, 1792, 324, 67, 64, 8780, 14, 19, 15, 17, 15, 17, 14, 7614, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 6535, 1397, 14, 18, 15, 21, 15, 20, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 6535, 1397, 14, 18, 15, 21, 15, 20, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 1099, 336, 20, 69, 22, 2320, 26, 71, 23, 27059, 70, 18, 615, 1762, 4482, 1423, 67, 1508, 1036, 70, 3011, 67, 3566, 66, 3547, 66, 22, 67, 28057, 71, 4482, 19, 1473, 3031, 1473, 24, 1508, 2537, 68, 3593, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 1099, 336, 20, 69, 22, 2320, 26, 71, 23, 27059, 70, 18, 615, 1762, 4482, 1423, 67, 1508, 1036, 70, 3011, 67, 3566, 66, 3547, 66, 22, 67, 28057, 71, 4482, 19, 1473, 3031, 1473, 24, 1508, 2537, 68, 3593, 14, 6535, 1397, 14, 18, 15, 21, 15, 20, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 78, 37, 4883, 23450, 9631, 14, 34802, 15, 1518, 15, 1671, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 78, 37, 4883, 23450, 9631, 14, 34802, 15, 1518, 15, 1671, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 70, 28880, 67, 21, 69, 24, 69, 3342, 22, 2275, 1010, 3583, 11316, 10695, 2270, 324, 18, 13616, 20, 16129, 2251, 357, 23, 70, 1857, 70, 20, 28001, 69, 2358, 66, 357, 71, 23, 70, 25, 67, 20, 71, 22, 66, 17, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 70, 28880, 67, 21, 69, 24, 69, 3342, 22, 2275, 1010, 3583, 11316, 10695, 2270, 324, 18, 13616, 20, 16129, 2251, 357, 23, 70, 1857, 70, 20, 28001, 69, 2358, 66, 357, 71, 23, 70, 25, 67, 20, 71, 22, 66, 17, 14, 78, 37, 4883, 23450, 9631, 14, 34802, 15, 1518, 15, 1671, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 4658, 983, 16712, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 4658, 983, 16712, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 832, 1812, 68, 18, 66, 18, 66, 8902, 19, 5830, 20, 67, 17, 3026, 5781, 8407, 46043, 3342, 2031, 1438, 1257, 19, 5830, 25, 615, 23, 71, 1839, 3953, 1257, 22, 9194, 1787, 2640, 67, 13144, 5830, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 832, 1812, 68, 18, 66, 18, 66, 8902, 19, 5830, 20, 67, 17, 3026, 5781, 8407, 46043, 3342, 2031, 1438, 1257, 19, 5830, 25, 615, 23, 71, 1839, 3953, 1257, 22, 9194, 1787, 2640, 67, 13144, 5830, 14, 4658, 983, 16712, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 4658, 50198, 1403, 14, 17, 15, 20, 15, 1010, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 4658, 50198, 1403, 14, 17, 15, 20, 15, 1010, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 2125, 1449, 4482, 2693, 71, 1762, 70, 1706, 19332, 1508, 69, 25, 4989, 66, 1812, 1796, 49830, 29160, 2275, 9194, 25, 1787, 71, 26, 11316, 68, 44238, 71, 5470, 22, 67, 30768, 1473, 357, 17, 67, 18, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 2125, 1449, 4482, 2693, 71, 1762, 70, 1706, 19332, 1508, 69, 25, 4989, 66, 1812, 1796, 49830, 29160, 2275, 9194, 25, 1787, 71, 26, 11316, 68, 44238, 71, 5470, 22, 67, 30768, 1473, 357, 17, 67, 18, 14, 4658, 50198, 1403, 14, 17, 15, 20, 15, 1010, 15, 17447, 15, 39344, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 2577, 783, 84, 14, 18, 15, 19, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 66, 25, 68, 19, 68, 22, 67, 25, 71, 2693, 70, 24, 13616, 23625, 69, 22, 68, 31459, 567, 23, 66, 21, 67, 23, 14, 2577, 783, 84, 14, 18, 15, 19, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 18, 70, 3593, 71, 20216, 69, 25, 68, 37256, 68, 20, 70, 21, 70, 1976, 67, 48699, 70, 938, 6855, 19, 6855, 25469, 25039, 70, 1976, 357, 26933, 71, 26, 615, 21, 67, 17, 70, 2922, 2270, 66, 19042, 71, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 346, 66, 25, 68, 19, 68, 22, 67, 25, 71, 2693, 70, 24, 13616, 23625, 69, 22, 68, 31459, 567, 23, 66, 21, 67, 23, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 66, 25, 68, 19, 68, 22, 67, 25, 71, 2693, 70, 24, 13616, 23625, 69, 22, 68, 31459, 567, 23, 66, 21, 67, 23, 14, 2577, 783, 84, 14, 18, 15, 19, 15, 21, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 570, 251, 14, 17, 15, 1229, 15, 19, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 570, 251, 14, 17, 15, 1229, 15, 19, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 5470, 17, 14836, 25, 68, 8632, 22011, 67, 2385, 71, 3357, 66, 23, 71, 361, 3031, 68, 4529, 69, 22, 5830, 1449, 67, 17, 71, 10496, 67, 1010, 1787, 1093, 69, 18, 67, 1010, 69, 20, 69, 39755, 15662, 6357, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 5470, 17, 14836, 25, 68, 8632, 22011, 67, 2385, 71, 3357, 66, 23, 71, 361, 3031, 68, 4529, 69, 22, 5830, 1449, 67, 17, 71, 10496, 67, 1010, 1787, 1093, 69, 18, 67, 1010, 69, 20, 69, 39755, 15662, 6357, 14, 570, 251, 14, 17, 15, 1229, 15, 19, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 79, 859, 14, 20, 15, 2504, 15, 18, 14, 3113, 14, 79, 27375, 14, 21, 15, 1508, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 79, 859, 14, 20, 15, 2504, 15, 18, 14, 3113, 14, 79, 27375, 14, 21, 15, 1508, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 2922, 69, 21, 22818, 13851, 71, 3046, 4482, 1229, 1839, 68, 3141, 1731, 69, 8902, 22, 71, 3342, 43658, 25, 23126, 1678, 71, 2082, 70, 21, 70, 23, 70, 3079, 67, 336, 2511, 2960, 3141, 68, 1540, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 2922, 69, 21, 22818, 13851, 71, 3046, 4482, 1229, 1839, 68, 3141, 1731, 69, 8902, 22, 71, 3342, 43658, 25, 23126, 1678, 71, 2082, 70, 21, 70, 23, 70, 3079, 67, 336, 2511, 2960, 3141, 68, 1540, 14, 79, 859, 14, 20, 15, 2504, 15, 18, 14, 3113, 14, 79, 27375, 14, 21, 15, 1508, 15, 17447, 15, 20449, 3664, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 92, 187, 50274, 1590, 426, 346, 4658, 351, 71, 1541, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 23, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 6434, 426, 346, 2413, 1358, 3620, 14, 2700, 15, 4658, 250, 30496, 15, 2061, 16, 7614, 16, 4658, 351, 71, 1541, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 23, 15, 17447, 15, 38841, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 20409, 9726, 426, 346, 19, 68, 24, 67, 22981, 4529, 71, 2759, 66, 21, 68, 41309, 2950, 71, 34938, 883, 70, 550, 45328, 32149, 4185, 1976, 68, 26, 3677, 70, 4185, 1678, 67, 16604, 1473, 2526, 14576, 17, 317, 26, 68, 19, 3664, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 426, 29707, 187, 50274, 6535, 22, 1590, 426, 346, 19, 68, 24, 67, 22981, 4529, 71, 2759, 66, 21, 68, 41309, 2950, 71, 34938, 883, 70, 550, 45328, 32149, 4185, 1976, 68, 26, 3677, 70, 4185, 1678, 67, 16604, 1473, 2526, 14576, 17, 317, 26, 68, 19, 14, 4658, 351, 71, 1541, 14, 17, 15, 18, 15, 23, 15 ]

md5name = "98b1bd46d6792925ad2dfe9a87452ea2adebf69dcb9919ffd55bf926a7f93f7f-libxslt-1.1.34.tar.gz"; } { name = "lp_solve_5.5.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/26b3e95ddf3d9c077c480ea45874b3b8-lp_solve_5.5.tar.gz"; sha256 = "171816288f14215c69e730f7a4f1c325739873e21f946ff83884b350574e6695"; md5 = "26b3e95ddf3d9c077c480ea45874b3b8"; md5name = "26b3e95ddf3d9c077c480ea45874b3b8-lp_solve_5.5.tar.gz"; } { name = "lxml-4.1.1.tgz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/lxml-4.1.1.tgz"; sha256 = "940caef1ec7c78e0c34b0f6b94fe42d0f2022915ffc78643d28538a5cfd0f40e"; md5 = ""; md5name = "940caef1ec7c78e0c34b0f6b94fe42d0f2022915ffc78643d28538a5cfd0f40e-lxml-4.1.1.tgz"; } { name = "mariadb_client-2.0.0-src.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/a233181e03d3c307668b4c722d881661-mariadb_client-2.0.0-src.tar.gz"; sha256 = "fd2f751dea049c1907735eb236aeace1d811d6a8218118b00bbaa9b84dc5cd60"; md5 = "a233181e03d3c307668b4c722d881661"; md5name = "a233181e03d3c307668b4c722d881661-mariadb_client-2.0.0-src.tar.gz"; } { name = "mdds-1.4.3.tar.bz2"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/mdds-1.4.3.tar.bz2"; sha256 = "25ce3d5af9f6609e1de05bb22b2316e57b74a72a5b686fbb2da199da72349c81"; md5 = ""; md5name = "25ce3d5af9f6609e1de05bb22b2316e57b74a72a5b686fbb2da199da72349c81-mdds-1.4.3.tar.bz2"; } { name = "mDNSResponder-878.200.35.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/mDNSResponder-878.200.35.tar.gz"; sha256 = "e777b4d7dbf5eb1552cb80090ad1ede319067ab6e45e3990d68aabf6e8b3f5a0"; md5 = ""; md5name = "e777b4d7dbf5eb1552cb80090ad1ede319067ab6e45e3990d68aabf6e8b3f5a0-mDNSResponder-878.200.35.tar.gz"; } { name = "libmspub-0.1.4.tar.xz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/libmspub-0.1.4.tar.xz"; sha256 = "ef36c1a1aabb2ba3b0bedaaafe717bf4480be2ba8de6f3894be5fd3702b013ba"; md5 = ""; md5name = "ef36c1a1aabb2ba3b0bedaaafe717bf4480be2ba8de6f3894be5fd3702b013ba-libmspub-0.1.4.tar.xz"; } { name = "libmwaw-0.3.15.tar.xz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/libmwaw-0.3.15.tar.xz"; sha256 = "0440bb09f05e3419423d8dfa36ee847056ebfd837f9cbc091fdb5b057daab0b1"; md5 = ""; md5name = "0440bb09f05e3419423d8dfa36ee847056ebfd837f9cbc091fdb5b057daab0b1-libmwaw-0.3.15.tar.xz"; } { name = "mythes-1.2.4.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/a8c2c5b8f09e7ede322d5c602ff6a4b6-mythes-1.2.4.tar.gz"; sha256 = "1e81f395d8c851c3e4e75b568e20fa2fa549354e75ab397f9de4b0e0790a305f"; md5 = "a8c2c5b8f09e7ede322d5c602ff6a4b6"; md5name = "a8c2c5b8f09e7ede322d5c602ff6a4b6-mythes-1.2.4.tar.gz"; } { name = "neon-0.30.2.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/neon-0.30.2.tar.gz"; sha256 = "db0bd8cdec329b48f53a6f00199c92d5ba40b0f015b153718d1b15d3d967fbca"; md5 = ""; md5name = "db0bd8cdec329b48f53a6f00199c92d5ba40b0f015b153718d1b15d3d967fbca-neon-0.30.2.tar.gz"; } { name = "nss-3.47.1-with-nspr-4.23.tar.gz"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/nss-3.47.1-with-nspr-4.23.tar.gz"; sha256 = "07d4276168f59bb3038c7826dabb5fbfbab8336ddf65e4e6e43bce89ada78c64"; md5 = ""; md5name = "07d4276168f59bb3038c7826dabb5fbfbab8336ddf65e4e6e43bce89ada78c64-nss-3.47.1-with-nspr-4.23.tar.gz"; } { name = "libodfgen-0.1.6.tar.bz2"; url = "http://dev-www.libreoffice.org/src/libodfgen-0.1.6.tar.bz2"; sha256 = "2c7b21892f84a4c67546f84611eccdad6259875c971e98ddb027da66ea0ac9c2"; md5 = ""; md5name = "2c7b21892f84a4c67546f84611eccdad6259875c971e98ddb027da66ea0ac9c2-libodfgen-0.1.6.

[ 303, 42111, 13, 253, 1273, 5347, 273, 2903, 90, 5182, 13, 310, 5345, 10294, 32253, 273, 19548, 335, 285, 4428, 2067, 9195, 13, 253, 954, 13943, 1146, 4377, 12521, 662, 284, 343, 17183, 3719, 434, 21131, 285, 253, 17658, 273, 427, 357, 86, 13, 253, 2656, 273, 24207, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 23676, 376, 187, 187, 41, 29628, 13, 9199, 10294, 31438, 273, 19548, 335, 13, 310, 581, 273, 253, 1682, 15296, 285, 25423, 273, 9256, 434, 39327, 4375, 13, 13597, 281, 253, 337, 296, 5331, 5446, 15, 329, 914, 265, 1940, 3645, 26254, 17855, 13, 352, 434, 6107, 407, 18660, 273, 33013, 13, 7275, 1768, 285, 9930, 15, 187, 187, 817, 36496, 43232, 611, 3322, 49991, 1539, 187, 187, 30359, 634, 44890, 14233, 3212, 285, 9413, 253, 26101, 4288, 12095, 275, 253, 10515, 5791, 1108, 24923, 32738, 7399, 15, 380, 2919, 434, 43387, 13, 686, 510, 5131, 9256, 1383, 812, 417, 320, 625, 13532, 15, 831, 310, 253, 9256, 368, 1053, 626, 923, 275, 253, 3668, 15, 733, 434, 247, 4999, 285, 34131, 300, 258, 4914, 342, 9369, 8238, 13, 594, 1875, 14700, 285, 5890, 13, 33398, 952, 15, 187, 187, 42, 376, 33980, 32738, 7399, 310, 22335, 629, 273, 9256, 13, 533, 352, 1537, 347, 973, 320, 247, 4858, 2586, 15, 733, 556, 697, 1211, 4335, 9843, 285, 16005, 13, 697, 1211, 31195, 37946, 13, 697, 1211, 11515, 285, 4466, 285, 697, 1211, 8544, 1108, 253, 367, 15897, 961, 2485, 15, 380, 2502, 13, 3168, 285, 4759, 41340, 7908, 13, 342, 697, 787, 34054, 8862, 5101, 275, 253, 9145, 13, 3133, 281, 892, 12216, 432, 1046, 3652, 13, 1113, 285, 13599, 3956, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10020, 14, 1920, 20899, 41340, 19804, 7295, 14991, 8328, 253, 24923, 26020, 273, 399, 1368, 2788, 13, 8024, 33331, 13, 36375, 333, 1342, 14059, 1240, 285, 247, 1643, 11186, 9886, 273, 427, 249, 11415, 285, 16219, 303, 15, 380, 2919, 556, 11346, 372, 32924, 29601, 1580, 10226, 13, 672, 253, 1982, 4668, 4232, 247, 642, 14, 31045, 8232, 281, 4017, 253, 1048, 14, 10468, 2079, 24941, 1397, 432, 42795, 42376, 434, 23180, 9459, 15, 380, 3708, 369, 7473, 1701, 275, 5826, 672, 253, 747, 24923, 10350, 25048, 24923, 41340, 30993, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 2393, 12942, 281, 24923, 32738, 7399, 13, 352, 434, 247, 4839, 281, 5517, 5674, 3652, 806, 14, 4608, 15, 496, 253, 13321, 15762, 10157, 8238, 273, 8024, 33331, 285, 36375, 333, 1342, 14059, 1240, 13, 1531, 6597, 562, 9133, 1054, 609, 1641, 347, 247, 5140, 25014, 4245, 6054, 281, 747, 18997, 21440, 13, 34028, 13, 30006, 278, 10037, 285, 22777, 48520, 15, 24923, 32738, 7399, 434, 1524, 31154, 2167, 403, 697, 21472, 3626, 10763, 1108, 8762, 14, 68, 6965, 14700, 13, 3676, 476, 90, 790, 13, 23535, 1824, 27366, 285, 48825, 21646, 1108, 285, 697, 952, 13, 3692, 42548, 285, 26326, 1620, 1891, 281, 9232, 253, 15060, 273, 512, 12942, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 1503, 518, 1689, 535, 50276, 37258, 1227, 42954, 5091, 13, 933, 187, 187, 2598, 26732, 390, 1996, 13, 4130, 7637, 598, 275, 1503, 518, 1689, 15, 831, 45807, 1981, 13, 21501, 1981, 5680, 3874, 310, 816, 247, 5184, 432, 253, 309, 44147, 35667, 300, 26580, 13, 253, 2022, 14270, 1127, 875, 14307, 285, 9256, 15, 6975, 1142, 5680, 15918, 1475, 253, 1533, 13, 5454, 310, 253, 1495, 25304, 273, 253, 1980, 6982, 13, 533, 1223, 1503, 518, 1689, 310, 17127, 2217, 627, 310, 1652, 273, 1600, 323, 24359, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 52, 4380, 187, 187, 13569, 267, 15454, 11324, 1838, 7538, 187, 187, 59, 518, 1689, 434, 954, 8530, 21779, 310, 436, 9129, 9729, 13, 247, 5389, 8805, 4222, 689, 253, 611, 8621, 321, 7121, 15, 12526, 13, 253, 2892, 273, 253, 1711, 9729, 556, 644, 14454, 689, 673, 15, 27922, 253, 9729, 13, 368, 1833, 1089, 247, 1355, 36067, 5603, 285, 17127, 15660, 265, 37159, 253, 8281, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 33669, 272, 708, 46285, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 18660, 273, 8614, 285, 10301, 4610, 2112, 19761, 9314, 5582, 659, 15, 14469, 7911, 403, 2223, 15212, 275, 1982, 8918, 13, 533, 368, 476, 2075, 275, 13223, 274, 15, 187, 187, 35, 1370, 1370, 14469, 388, 2415, 3887, 3318, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 43670, 3436, 2227, 28, 19761, 9314, 5582, 659, 28, 256, 16, 69, 5417, 1229, 13, 5388, 16, 3832, 13, 933, 28, 50276, 10, 3105, 253, 3331, 15717, 1659, 13, 285, 253, 16612, 331, 3106, 273, 19555, 11283, 13, 533, 5010, 436, 1659, 556, 1077, 1175, 1318, 9956, 342, 5699, 20534, 13, 6359, 18016, 1641, 285, 247, 12524, 533, 4376, 90, 10301, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 21166, 187, 187, 2042, 13590, 281, 14307, 1818, 5780, 24923, 13223, 274, 1060, 347, 253, 4142, 327, 253, 18416, 1930, 403, 622, 11822, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 27347, 1707, 708, 37811, 187, 187, 18281, 2891, 261, 4288, 875, 1503, 518, 1689, 285, 399, 1368, 2788, 285, 2105, 5417, 24, 933, 591, 1436, 15, 329, 3055, 24928, 281, 253, 9256, 14, 23992, 2364, 5680, 4815, 5417, 28306, 15, 1198, 625, 8692, 327, 14270, 436, 5680, 15682, 1060, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 399, 1368, 2788, 535, 50276, 37258, 1227, 42954, 11084, 13, 933, 187, 187, 36, 4614, 1070, 407, 767, 11129, 13794, 670, 3387, 10294, 32253, 273, 1503, 518, 1689, 13, 399, 1368, 2788, 310, 247, 10000, 13, 28378, 285, 1095, 8140, 23176, 1659, 15, 831, 9835, 3874, 310, 247, 794, 1659, 281, 8338, 285, 2789, 271, 7445, 2613, 323, 1388, 19055, 281, 5053, 824, 347, 48877, 763, 285, 3052, 11282, 5973, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 52, 4380, 535, 50276, 37, 1368, 2788, 3975, 21778, 443, 5626, 16759, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 44, 11415, 21775, 28, 11341, 1959, 28, 50275, 26, 312, 14, 18, 2617, 708, 495, 14, 23, 2617, 10, 6676, 952, 651, 320, 9861, 281, 3037, 326, 627, 434, 247, 12274, 3647, 1445, 6200, 275, 32738, 7399, 13, 533, 436, 29837, 1652, 19718, 310, 4737, 273, 326, 15, 18901, 14, 28276, 2987, 407, 1980, 10846, 403, 8653, 313, 395, 4211, 10, 275, 436, 973, 14, 14326, 285, 1077, 39470, 1408, 19718, 15, 5531, 4754, 13, 9256, 1620, 10224, 281, 9326, 2, 187, 187, 37, 1368, 2788, 378, 11983, 274, 45375, 2025, 187, 187, 34, 5899, 1711, 2791, 342, 247, 37045, 273, 31132, 1576, 285, 10688, 1020, 48073, 10156, 3253, 432, 4365, 1507, 285, 37484, 281, 41340, 14234, 15, 380, 8481, 19548, 1452, 285, 697, 10688, 1020, 246, 4206, 1054, 9668, 13, 275, 253, 2798, 273, 253, 270, 11983, 274, 13, 310, 581, 273, 253, 17172, 15039, 10999, 275, 399, 1368, 2788, 15, 187, 187, 37, 1883, 3228, 5208, 17423, 10634, 367, 18004, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 324, 2230, 5417, 33856, 13, 28742, 5417, 9138, 14, 6914, 28, 50275, 24, 2617, 14, 12579, 10, 399, 1368, 2788, 434, 954, 4633, 21779, 342, 9256, 261, 13, 436, 310, 247, 1781, 36067, 5603, 16, 373, 430, 342, 247, 12413, 2158, 24770, 261, 9530, 285, 643, 39314, 28742, 13, 5043, 247, 3492, 12423, 796, 13, 43410, 13, 17120, 13, 15114, 13, 21440, 285, 13319, 9076, 15, 380, 1659, 1663, 4850, 33852, 272, 327, 8216, 285, 6794, 15513, 13, 672, 1980, 2255, 1614, 562, 275, 616, 41987, 1981, 10688, 1020, 5899, 32724, 15, 187, 187, 37, 1368, 2788, 535, 322, 4380, 187, 187, 18, 6412, 273, 659, 309, 394, 20288, 19369, 378, 19, 187, 187, 19, 399, 1368, 2788, 3975, 21778, 330, 18, 187, 187, 20, 20909, 3228, 329, 19, 535, 26735, 272, 187, 187, 21, 399, 41178, 14469, 330, 18, 187, 187, 22, 14469, 378, 1426, 249, 330, 18, 187, 187, 23, 14469, 2956, 39772, 399, 19, 187, 187, 24, 21128, 74, 14469, 330, 18, 535, 46285, 187, 187, 25, 1219, 14, 52, 796, 254, 21632, 11726, 330, 18, 187, 187, 26, 353, 1164, 267, 37119, 330, 18, 187, 187, 43755, 16128, 13798, 257, 796, 367, 18004, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 247, 4633, 7824, 1854, 285, 952, 14, 13060, 272, 6308, 13, 3340, 275, 253, 3563, 9055, 285, 2393, 7237, 285, 29665, 15, 380, 14656, 16128, 13798, 257, 796, 556, 31337, 270, 44404, 13, 1824, 269, 702, 1550, 13, 48106, 13, 15660, 265, 285, 271, 17603, 29555, 37018, 11203, 15, 187, 187, 42462, 273, 659, 309, 394, 20288, 19369, 5642, 3322, 2775, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 1552, 2328, 264, 6105, 310, 327, 247, 13599, 275, 8935, 399, 1368, 2788, 285, 12282, 896, 281, 253, 721, 394, 5331, 5446, 15, 380, 1655, 3652, 310, 4518, 21629, 285, 3797, 247, 20295, 1652, 4797, 14, 395, 14, 1257, 9236, 17603, 34086, 9940, 281, 253, 8237, 6393, 15, 187, 187, 37, 1368, 2788, 12304, 657, 25220, 34415, 187, 187, 6300, 6146, 273, 17207, 13, 253, 2687, 285, 697, 637, 14, 12710, 14593, 285, 1824, 12615, 310, 247, 4633, 2021, 38769, 6308, 285, 6131, 13491, 6849, 15, 187, 187, 1835, 50275, 33669, 272, 708, 46285, 187, 187, 1394, 1833, 1089, 18660, 273, 7563, 285, 4260, 6324, 15114, 285, 21440, 2112, 611, 11415, 21775, 15, 16349, 285, 14306, 1321, 21440, 285, 15114, 403, 327, 1503, 518, 1689, 10834, 2822, 20909, 3228, 15, 5595, 7563, 21440, 452, 39163, 18016, 1641, 15, 535, 50276, 44, 49520, 14469, 388, 2415, 3887, 370, 1890, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 48923, 10484, 1610, 28, 443, 5242, 10834, 28, 256, 16, 69, 5417, 1967, 13, 933, 16, 2270, 13, 933, 28, 50275, 10, 329, 499, 2345, 747, 1659, 342, 247, 1077, 39189, 4376, 6809, 13, 253, 21128, 74, 556, 44593, 20534, 13, 6507, 14, 14396, 5579, 84, 13, 3590, 16314, 264, 9956, 13, 711, 661, 281, 789, 387, 285, 247, 1077, 29422, 12046, 15, 1310, 368, 476, 1488, 2134, 247, 1884, 6, 13630, 840, 368, 755, 247, 30006, 5328, 4177, 432, 441, 285, 247, 27871, 432, 731, 15, 187, 187, 24757, 293, 378, 1426, 249, 388, 2415, 3887, 3318, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 48923, 854, 20700, 28, 260, 23838, 611, 11415, 21775, 708, 43291, 659, 28, 256, 16, 69, 5417, 1229, 13, 933, 16, 1235, 13, 933, 28, 50276, 10, 380, 14469, 378, 1426, 249, 313, 12563, 43997, 686, 50182, 37525, 3401, 556, 1781, 285, 4076, 9956, 326, 2486, 5579, 13, 6359, 18016, 1641, 285, 10464, 384, 24976, 15, 380, 7302, 434, 3347, 16544, 4383, 15, 187, 187, 24757, 293, 2956, 39772, 388, 2415, 3887, 370, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 48923, 14821, 18, 28, 611, 11415, 21775, 28, 391, 1293, 12561, 5417, 938, 13, 933, 28, 50276, 10, 380, 14469, 2956, 39772, 310, 2783, 795, 783, 64, 30564, 254, 8614, 275, 9256, 15, 380, 10058, 285, 5044, 9956, 403, 4934, 4076, 285, 2486, 247, 32454, 13, 5579, 285, 3055, 15336, 15, 1723, 13, 5747, 697, 18395, 359, 1158, 326, 323, 816, 247, 1652, 625, 2583, 368, 476, 755, 247, 2644, 2257, 625, 11358, 275, 3874, 15, 5838, 326, 690, 952, 403, 6636, 407, 253, 2316, 13, 2571, 407, 253, 1436, 15, 187, 187, 37, 41178, 14469, 388, 2415, 3887, 3318, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 50276, 2922, 1235, 854, 2417, 31507, 18, 28, 611, 11415, 21775, 28, 591, 1436, 5417, 1449, 13, 933, 28, 50276, 10, 329, 1781, 13, 747, 8614, 326, 434, 1199, 20182, 685, 697, 10299, 13, 6385, 45284, 14, 25483, 19633, 5644, 368, 281, 1902, 15, 380, 7863, 9956, 403, 6898, 342, 11518, 3644, 14, 5308, 31538, 723, 285, 512, 598, 352, 434, 1633, 273, 247, 27871, 15, 187, 187, 2422, 14, 52, 796, 254, 21632, 11726, 36496, 43232, 3318, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 40, 5242, 10834, 28, 39047, 5417, 24, 933, 14, 740, 13, 933, 28, 50275, 740, 312, 14, 7893, 6170, 10, 26659, 247, 1980, 835, 281, 6008, 275, 399, 1368, 2788, 285, 627, 434, 247, 3965, 1175, 4839, 597, 1833, 5007, 368, 1060, 15, 496, 5083, 253, 2739, 310, 9648, 2074, 281, 1142, 643, 5053, 313, 413, 43658, 3780, 32, 582, 533, 253, 6849, 432, 253, 337, 296, 14, 13848, 17552, 2316, 285, 253, 42876, 625, 9470, 8910, 5604, 1918, 352, 271, 5024, 689, 253, 7324, 15, 187, 187, 46, 1164, 267, 37119, 36496, 43232, 3318, 187, 187, 8997, 1282, 3711, 187, 187, 9, 14340, 83, 1503, 518, 1689, 10834, 708, 611, 11415, 21775, 28, 39047, 5417, 28306, 14, 740, 13, 933, 28, 50275, 740, 312, 14 ]

imrud, the second capital of Assyria, is 37km southeast of Mosul and contains several buildings, the most impressive being King Ashurnasirpal II's palace and the Temple of Nabu, the God of Writing. #### Hatra Hatra, 110km southwest of Mosul, is one of the best preserved and youngest of Iraq's archaeological sites, dating to the 1st century AD. A Unesco World Heritage Site, it's covered by dozens of temples, tombs and columns. ## IRAQI KURDISTAN Leave your misconceptions behind and discover the newest travel destination in the Middle East – Iraqi Kurdistan. The region's slogan, 'The Other Iraq', could not be more fitting. This is the Iraq you don't see in the news. It's a safe and tranquil oasis with happening cities, soaring mountains and warm, welcoming people. Iraqi Kurdistan is technically part of Iraq, but it might as well be a separate country. It has its own prime minister and parliament, its own passport stamps, its own languages and culture and its own army – the Peshmerga. The red, white and green Kurdish flag, with its blazing yellow sun in the centre, seems to flutter from every building, car and hilltop. The semi-autonomous Kurdish Regional Government administers the Iraqi provinces of Dohuk, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah and a few northern bits of Ninawa and Tamim. The region has enjoyed de facto autonomy since 1991, when the US military established a no-flight zone to protect the long-oppressed Kurds from Saddam Hussein's brutal regime. The status was formalised in 2005 when the new Iraqi Constitution recognised Iraqi Kurdish sovereignty. For early visitors to Iraqi Kurdistan, it's a chance to witness nation building first-hand. In the cosmopolitan cities of Erbil and Sulaymaniyah, cranes outnumber minarets as a construction boom gives rise to new luxury hotels, museums, shiny malls and tourist resorts. Iraqi Kurdistan's real attractions though are its stunning natural beauty – snow-capped mountains, deep canyons, gorgeous waterfalls and raging rivers – and its people, whose generosity and warmth never fail to capture the hearts of all visitors. ### Zakho 062 / POP 90,000 Sooner or later, everyone ends up in Zakho. This hustling, bustling border town is just a hop from the Ibrahim Khalil Border, the main crossing point between Turkey and Iraq. Like many border towns around the world, trade is the lifeblood of the local economy, but while Zakho is pleasant enough there is little of interest for tourists. #### Sights Delal Bridge BRIDGE Zakho's most famous attraction is this ancient bridge, a beautiful stone arch over the Khabur River. Unfortunately, the history of the old bridge has been forgotten over time. Near the bridge, you'll find a small amusement park and pleasant cafes overlooking the river. #### Sleeping & Eating There are dozens of hotel and restaurant options along Bederkhan St. Hotel prices are often quoted in US dollars, but you can pay in dinar. Bazaz Hotel HOTEL $$ ( 770 2685; Bederkhan St; s/d ID30,500/61,000; ) Not the friendliest place, and the lobby stinks of cigarette smoke, but otherwise this place has very good value rooms with huge beds, Western toilets and a decent but pricey restaurant. #### Information If heading to Turkey change remaining Iraqi dinar here as the rates on the Turkish side are appalling. #### Getting There & Away Share taxis travel between Zakho and Dohuk and cost ID7000 per person. A private taxi to the Iraq-Turkey border costs ID5000. For more info on crossing this border Click here. ### Dohuk 062 / POP 130,000 Cradled by two mountain ranges about 40km southeast of Zakho, Dohuk is a busy, energetic and curiously appealing place. This university town is a fun place to explore and makes an ideal base for day trips to places such as Lalish and Amadiya. #### Sights Dohuk Art Gallery GALLERY Offline map (Kawa Rd; admission free; 9am-1pm & 3-6pm) Many people would be surprised to learn that there's a flourishing art scene in Kurdistan, but this superb little gallery is proof of that. Ever-changing works by local artists are displayed (and sold) in this well-lit and very professionally run gallery. Oh yes, Iraq never fails to surprise! Dohuk Bazaar MARKET A traditional old market with a maze of alleyways and colourful stalls selling everything from sweets and spices to Kurdish clothing. The Grand Mosque and its colourful tiled minaret, in the heart of the bazaar, is one of the oldest mosques in Dohuk. Dream City AMUSEMENT PARK Offline map (admission ID1500, rides ID1000-2000; 7pm-late) Dohuk's most popular attraction with Iraqis, this is a large amusement park/resort with a towering Ferris wheel and other thrill rides, plus a video arcade, bowling, swimming, restaurants, hotels and holiday homes. The place really gets cranking on Thursday and Friday nights, when local women turn out in their dazzling colourful traditional dresses. Dohuk Sights 1 Church of St Ith Llaha B2 2 Dohuk Art Gallery C1 3 Dream City A2 Sleeping 4 Dolphin Hotel C1 5 Hotel Bircin C1 6 Hotel Parleman D2 7 Khani Hotel C1 Eating 8 Al-Sadeer Palace Rest C1 9 Mankal Restaurant C1 Corniche Promenade PARK This is a popular walking path and people-watching spot, especially in the late afternoon and early evening and weekends. The Corniche Promenade has inviting benches, water fountains, sculptures, cafes and an outdoor amphitheatre. Church of St Ith Llaha CHURCH Offline map This domed church is on a hill in west Dohuk and dates back to the 6th century AD. The current building is clearly newer and includes a cute little blue-and-beige outdoor chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Dohuk Dam VIEWPOINT Just north of downtown, the dam and its man-made lake and waterfall is a popular family picnic spot and offers lovely views. #### Sleeping & Eating You'll find dozens of budget and midrange restaurants and hotels along Kawa Rd. Modern and pricier hotels and restaurants are on Zakho Way near Dream City. Most budget hotels have squat toilets. Khani Hotel HOTEL $$$ Offline map ( 722 7733; Galy Way; s/d ID70,000/90,000; ) A plush new place with a very tempting price tag, the Khani has heavenly beds, flat-screen TVs, soundproofed rooms, desks to work at and a very polished attitude. If you can wrangle a 30% discount then you get a shiny gold star from us and a bargain from them. Hotel Bircin HOTEL $$ Offline map ( 722 8182; cnr Kawa Rd & Cinema St; s/d ID30,000/50,000; ) The Hotel Bircin (also spelled 'Birjin') has large and clean rooms that include TV, Western toilets and bathtubs. The owner's son speaks English. Hotel Parleman HOTEL $ Offline map ( 722 1361; Kawa Rd; r without breakfast ID20,000; ) The Hotel Parleman is considered _the_ backpacker hotel in Iraq. The tiny and basic rooms are kept clean and include a fridge, TV and private bathroom. However, despite its popularity we think that for just a little more money you can get a whole lot more elsewhere in town. Note that some people are charged by the room, others by the person. Dolphin Hotel HOTEL $$ Offline map ( 0750 855 2841; Kawa Rd; per person ID40,000; ) A large, new hotel that's much cheaper than its flash, mirrored-glass exterior leads you to expect. The massive rooms are filled with conservative dark-wood furnishings and all up it's something of a bargain. Al-Sadeer Palace Rest IRAQI $$ Offline map (Galy Way; mains ID7000-10,000; 10am-midnight) Ask a local where to eat in Dohuk and there's a pretty good chance they'll send you here. In truth the food is fairly similar to many other places (kebab anyone?), but the views from the 1st-floor dining room and the marginally more extensive menu certainly give it an edge over the competition. Mankal Restaurant IRAQI $$ Offline map (cnr Zakho Way & Kawa Rd; mains ID5000-10,000; 10am-

[ 1128, 395, 1375, 326, 11369, 2718, 556, 1160, 436, 1618, 273, 773, 3191, 668, 1199, 3356, 15, 6049, 310, 326, 13, 285, 752, 651, 368, 1908, 281, 320, 253, 1755, 1740, 773, 3191, 668, 273, 253, 11369, 2718, 23657, 32, 187, 187, 1231, 5867, 253, 8996, 273, 841, 5243, 34356, 3607, 275, 253, 11369, 6239, 1469, 896, 512, 253, 1039, 281, 48466, 15, 733, 3395, 2590, 281, 441, 326, 253, 8946, 11369, 773, 408, 1005, 668, 824, 347, 3290, 13, 5252, 13, 285, 13367, 497, 5667, 275, 2403, 24165, 824, 347, 8458, 13, 1612, 10988, 13, 18784, 13, 285, 4014, 15791, 789, 27340, 285, 3283, 1598, 15, 2635, 13, 1309, 285, 846, 3645, 3660, 3719, 13, 359, 2736, 247, 2201, 5333, 347, 359, 5966, 253, 10643, 3770, 273, 24154, 13869, 15, 6408, 253, 2137, 13, 352, 369, 5667, 281, 4711, 2718, 8069, 387, 247, 1781, 2281, 28, 3103, 13, 253, 4473, 273, 9171, 1430, 285, 47813, 273, 8914, 2718, 369, 247, 2201, 2803, 6276, 2323, 327, 253, 34268, 15, 8802, 1430, 285, 253, 1673, 273, 1966, 2616, 369, 23179, 285, 9674, 12668, 2201, 2216, 15711, 323, 6264, 3580, 285, 2718, 15, 28396, 275, 253, 10333, 84, 4468, 689, 6938, 16274, 285, 734, 2211, 1430, 273, 4668, 2718, 13, 347, 973, 347, 253, 2440, 273, 253, 8573, 13, 3534, 6054, 281, 747, 985, 3607, 824, 347, 32435, 285, 734, 2211, 1430, 13, 534, 4035, 281, 320, 273, 2201, 1600, 3063, 15, 5220, 13, 1955, 281, 253, 29444, 1430, 285, 2281, 273, 11649, 275, 3063, 457, 84, 1533, 13, 253, 8327, 323, 15840, 275, 2718, 7788, 281, 2572, 15, 2596, 273, 253, 1943, 7881, 310, 281, 1287, 9241, 13, 3082, 13, 285, 5657, 323, 20462, 2718, 281, 320, 21547, 516, 67, 2107, 342, 841, 3607, 342, 247, 1268, 273, 8132, 263, 285, 3283, 1430, 326, 310, 42482, 33559, 342, 326, 273, 253, 625, 5899, 11369, 3607, 15, 733, 671, 2032, 326, 985, 3607, 326, 497, 2378, 1869, 281, 452, 644, 26616, 13, 824, 347, 5252, 13, 1364, 1024, 320, 27694, 959, 1955, 281, 253, 3629, 10621, 1584, 1451, 474, 10454, 273, 3063, 457, 84, 2718, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 513, 368, 1599, 407, 773, 2003, 1365, 4158, 13, 10571, 16323, 43820, 1359, 1057, 436, 4473, 4647, 281, 253, 15255, 7656, 32, 187, 187, 1231, 3798, 1158, 326, 19414, 285, 22507, 452, 2120, 1453, 689, 616, 1211, 47112, 285, 45414, 15, 831, 778, 320, 2032, 323, 4577, 4311, 24165, 751, 28654, 13, 281, 22854, 13, 285, 8458, 28, 2299, 13, 1781, 4311, 11369, 2718, 452, 5243, 46988, 273, 8007, 390, 14020, 15, 6061, 841, 1048, 673, 9894, 253, 6944, 35949, 273, 4212, 13, 20701, 13, 3569, 9719, 3993, 13, 285, 3626, 3126, 778, 1818, 275, 4088, 326, 497, 1620, 2783, 407, 253, 3236, 22507, 15, 3308, 13, 4243, 273, 253, 985, 778, 320, 6294, 1066, 390, 7321, 285, 747, 3603, 778, 320, 2879, 275, 673, 15, 2053, 6127, 28788, 625, 7534, 16483, 4870, 2581, 685, 956, 253, 3302, 2098, 10090, 562, 407, 247, 6303, 17039, 15, 496, 2426, 273, 253, 15255, 7656, 313, 39392, 457, 84, 1980, 18622, 985, 10, 309, 651, 751, 281, 3748, 253, 8869, 273, 253, 16309, 10243, 13, 271, 16694, 1685, 1386, 326, 4648, 6571, 9940, 24914, 285, 37285, 285, 11029, 253, 13952, 285, 9086, 25537, 1824, 6342, 3286, 275, 3684, 9693, 15, 831, 310, 48867, 4802, 281, 253, 8170, 1780, 18631, 11126, 5178, 11568, 15440, 2199, 326, 359, 2319, 275, 253, 1984, 15, 10348, 253, 3236, 22507, 273, 9693, 457, 84, 806, 5637, 6406, 1113, 275, 45272, 31161, 253, 16309, 10243, 32, 5595, 5604, 417, 15, 380, 985, 16323, 689, 673, 347, 747, 3603, 497, 2879, 281, 1805, 5752, 253, 9086, 25537, 2846, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 403, 253, 773, 257, 1752, 398, 273, 2323, 668, 347, 19414, 2953, 253, 11369, 2718, 7881, 326, 2454, 16457, 32, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 247, 1270, 1953, 15, 380, 806, 2181, 326, 3249, 281, 2564, 310, 48044, 15, 37349, 1364, 2489, 6600, 417, 760, 273, 253, 6034, 9099, 273, 616, 11809, 533, 671, 273, 253, 46504, 9099, 285, 253, 4067, 873, 273, 5621, 326, 588, 8591, 390, 15582, 253, 16253, 273, 747, 10296, 390, 773, 84, 17009, 668, 281, 17178, 3237, 15, 21525, 247, 3862, 18522, 14, 48746, 8668, 13, 1223, 24279, 390, 3676, 2980, 776, 4685, 273, 253, 7681, 285, 2675, 15018, 13, 310, 5667, 15, 380, 313, 250, 10, 4694, 272, 8668, 310, 247, 4217, 3302, 4983, 1127, 323, 26169, 253, 4680, 1475, 1781, 4311, 7881, 273, 776, 673, 15, 1707, 403, 6667, 273, 34574, 275, 3192, 436, 8668, 13, 824, 347, 253, 9261, 273, 21314, 432, 247, 11662, 273, 2136, 10679, 281, 247, 11716, 273, 8527, 2136, 5482, 285, 3238, 28, 253, 16694, 2746, 281, 13120, 275, 8238, 824, 347, 11579, 262, 33068, 13, 10869, 28, 285, 253, 4780, 6976, 556, 1160, 275, 14419, 697, 29967, 45199, 5300, 15, 187, 187, 23779, 7024, 327, 253, 15938, 1146, 7154, 1066, 326, 3063, 1978, 19414, 13, 2675, 10950, 13, 285, 4323, 10950, 432, 2285, 272, 2366, 275, 253, 954, 3576, 1039, 281, 2953, 253, 1533, 457, 84, 3237, 15, 2053, 15938, 2486, 253, 6255, 3210, 1110, 275, 2710, 32870, 4459, 342, 731, 4768, 616, 25829, 13, 253, 15772, 24238, 326, 2226, 275, 8371, 571, 285, 1014, 275, 253, 2136, 1533, 13, 285, 253, 3480, 273, 4685, 670, 752, 643, 32870, 1537, 3324, 281, 253, 2829, 313, 17873, 359, 3524, 776, 1984, 588, 1056, 387, 1878, 247, 1355, 7680, 281, 35827, 481, 187, 187, 11888, 20695, 347, 271, 1650, 13, 849, 556, 253, 2770, 273, 11369, 4730, 4391, 689, 673, 32, 187, 187, 38860, 556, 644, 285, 7788, 281, 320, 581, 273, 253, 7038, 275, 11369, 4730, 15, 2732, 253, 16253, 273, 253, 11369, 5859, 2746, 846, 3645, 3660, 3719, 313, 2252, 273, 253, 1943, 29709, 84, 497, 3977, 407, 10166, 26289, 1346, 13, 417, 407, 19414, 582, 11369, 369, 1275, 2423, 264, 327, 253, 6662, 932, 273, 23065, 13, 12057, 13, 18090, 13, 285, 253, 643, 6944, 3626, 23496, 15, 28396, 275, 253, 3563, 9178, 84, 285, 2393, 7901, 84, 13, 627, 369, 247, 22786, 326, 20695, 3058, 281, 671, 3587, 3486, 4491, 285, 2208, 3946, 13, 534, 3977, 281, 253, 8869, 273, 747, 5659, 326, 8527, 7794, 273, 11369, 342, 4323, 285, 13, 281, 247, 16277, 6070, 13, 342, 253, 2675, 23496, 15, 46997, 5659, 824, 347, 4155, 11405, 285, 11354, 313, 3871, 46, 582, 12151, 398, 323, 45214, 313, 45, 18278, 37011, 1024, 12151, 398, 323, 11841, 27037, 313, 45, 10993, 37011, 395, 253, 17388, 13869, 9333, 313, 1410, 37, 10, 497, 8877, 407, 253, 878, 323, 247, 747, 285, 16055, 2746, 281, 11369, 15, 8035, 1650, 310, 253, 5243, 34356, 14, 21085, 24642, 1929, 347, 3437, 6527, 313, 585, 13700, 14, 19417, 14, 303, 3018, 14, 2211, 366, 10, 275, 329, 16259, 1920, 982, 285, 22042, 27245, 982, 13, 347, 973, 347, 253, 3332, 17419, 17388, 37817, 313, 40, 3887, 10, 2086, 275, 253, 4726, 273, 17388, 15, 2596, 273, 253, 954, 2834, 3533, 310, 849, 281, 2085, 247, 3676, 12153, 275, 6662, 932, 1223, 671, 28248, 11369, 3484, 281, 253, 954, 1774, 12342, 313, 10328, 347, 2105, 1783, 13, 5700, 13, 2144, 5438, 13, 29622, 18988, 2844, 13, 10545, 5859, 10, 326, 2223, 25903, 11369, 3946, 275, 253, 1524, 1533, 15, 18770, 789, 4558, 281, 320, 2218, 13, 671, 387, 20695, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 9351, 273, 2544, 313, 338, 667, 10, 513, 368, 1158, 359, 878, 281, 1056, 275, 11369, 4730, 32, 187, 187, 1552, 778, 3590, 9329, 13, 533, 309, 1158, 253, 673, 556, 1705, 281, 26401, 294, 18959, 253, 878, 323, 5899, 20036, 15, 380, 42060, 875, 8651, 13, 8545, 13, 5793, 11369, 1157, 3966, 15, 403, 8127, 9493, 285, 247, 20229, 9236, 273, 253, 2469, 15, 5595, 273, 253, 2718, 285, 3580, 1146, 4158, 275, 253, 3127, 296, 5331, 452, 247, 2570, 5878, 273, 8651, 13, 8545, 13, 5793, 13, 7534, 13, 285, 643, 20239, 14, 29079, 3603, 285, 403, 4158, 323, 247, 1781, 5235, 273, 1966, 4212, 15, 3900, 19414, 4518, 1364, 1287, 3672, 273, 3676, 15040, 13, 352, 310, 417, 2590, 281, 441, 326, 436, 556, 281, 320, 2218, 1475, 253, 24842, 16323, 33360, 81, 28964, 15, 733, 310, 4722, 326, 5293, 273, 253, 747, 18403, 326, 20695, 310, 9073, 281, 755, 745, 253, 3216, 1128, 10328, 347, 12962, 27083, 6516, 275, 26957, 399, 8621, 74, 13, 322, 3329, 37, 275, 16861, 13, 285, 8229, 30663, 275, 16496, 1128, 9802, 20036, 15, 1583, 512, 452, 387, 616, 5161, 271, 8527, 4980, 24642, 326, 310, 18932, 327, 40652, 390, 1895, 3672, 326, 3711, 281, 1781, 4311, 18522, 14, 48746, 7881, 2581, 685, 281, 247, 873, 273, 4518, 30191, 456, 13200, 7424, 824, 347, 253, 8221, 1321, 14, 998, 7095, 40242, 313, 25397, 8062, 582, 28200, 434, 40242, 313, 21749, 5526, 17388, 582, 390, 253, 35175, 14, 43231, 2205, 5405, 313, 21166, 15977, 481, 187, 187, 19217, 2158, 4730, 1364, 1818, 347, 369, 671, 35144, 275, 253, 973, 14, 4304, 39424, 9169, 1304, 4439, 407, 253, 3313, 11417, 273, 17388, 15, 496, 253, 1984, 359, 9059, 326, 773, 19217, 2158, 4730, 13, 534, 1580, 697, 2393, 1897, 556, 11346, 247, 6793, 2892, 13, 3063, 556, 13207, 281, 3862, 257, 432, 13828, 3484, 323, 7681, 25829, 281, 3336, 839, 22335, 28462, 7038, 665, 588, 1408, 2570, 2718, 285, 32447, 285, 5100, 747, 23721, 451, 37735, 1425, 844, 2868, 326, 253, 11369, 2718, 12342, 359, 2319, 403, 271, 1774, 3213, 275, 326, 3884, 15, 187, 187, 24099, 1638, 13, 4050, 187, 187, 510, 2488, 273, 253, 10610, 22555, 1971, 273, 2389, 13806, 327, 253, 18974, 13, 689, 8007, 13, 273, 521, 7906, 327, 2389, 285, 643, 12989, 15, 187, 187, 34, 8113, 273, 10336, 326, 21427, 1727, 7350, 273, 830, 285, 1159, 285, 9010, 253, 10291, 875, 253, 6805, 434, 5730, 281, 2216, 247, 5389, 1533, 285, 10336, 434, 30048, 281, 2085, 247, 1805, 1659, 323, 5948, 15, 187, 187, 34, 1881, 14, 25598, 4242, 45436, 11521, 37562, 1242, 275, 2389, 342, 617, 29075, 382, 14, 10034, 4152, 434, 25459, 27, 247, 9766, 80, 323, 247, 747, 2238, 273, 48832, 285, 253, 1612, 273, 806, 14, 10816, 39016, 1589, 15, 187, 187, 34, 8113, 273, 10336, 326, 3797, 34486, 13, 10679, 13, 285, 4302, 285, 22642, 17815, 253, 2892, 273, 253, 1966, 3417, 15, 187, 187, 24099, 16331, 13, 4050, 187, 187, 34, 952, 273, 5510, 3398, 13, 18232, 5493, 24008, 556, 1925, 521, 952, 15, 3032, 19361, 773, 45, 2321, 3398, 1806, 806, 3863, 275, 39308, 275, 33287, 347, 773, 3220, 6491, 1806, 4566, 949, 247, 2962, 273, 9503, 2330, 342, 8118, 14, 34436, 313, 4093, 398, 13, 2926, 85, 20945, 13, 39576, 13, 533, 671, 11609, 4238, 3398, 13, 48972, 13, 285, 3343, 398, 582, 281, 7525, 326, 597, 403, 5510, 3398, 27, 773, 4374, 13, 5510, 3398, 2866, 77, 2321, 3398, 2866, 77, 2321, 3398, 1128, 1227, 418, 2995, 14, 78, 483, 742, 5510, 3398, 275, 253, 3564, 1227, 4683, 401, 366, 15, 773, 4374, 13, 5510, 3398, 2866, 77, 2321, 3398, 2866, 77, 2321, 3398, 668, 3249, 347, 247, 2380, 281, 247, 38342, 1953, 27, 773, 45, 2321, 3398, 7721, 773, 4374, 13, 5510, 3398, 34857, 310, 253, 1210, 6688, 3662, 13, 697, 45095, 247, 1159, 273, 253, 14969, 33740, 273, 271, 8118, 14, 7878, 17502, 275, 33287, 12930, 521, 952, 347, 5510, 3398, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 2389, 4266, 672, 309, 717, 17053, 668, 310, 671, 1503, 6464, 3532, 1079, 15908, 5493, 457, 84, 49317, 3908, 13, 271, 3177, 281, 1750, 14199, 342, 253, 1072, 952, 273, 5510, 3398, 15, 733, 310, 247, 2380, 281, 11197, 10049, 657, 5036, 1866, 13, 665, 574, 2668, 247, 2962, 273, 15928, 273, 617, 17053, 28, 533, 671, 281, 24008, 285, 521, 29672, 326, 703, 574, 1691, 327, 247, 773, 42256, 3644, 466, 668, 921, 285, 4546, 253, 20523, 15, 380, 6197, 651, 320, 253, 2670, 273, 15908, 5493, 457, 84, 761, 29974, 318, 407, 10333, 84, 48832, 13, 7552, 253, 4060, 273, 617, 13842, 4849, 3863, 407, 401, 27600, 382, 5687, 15, 733, 6882, 5060, 271, 773, 1595, 3396, 668, 326, 3982, 15908, 5493, 12720, 37290, 275, 253, 17437, 84, 285, 1501, 18256, 528, 23898, 15, 329, 1618, 273, 519, 720, 1644, 8631, 253, 773, 1595, 3396, 668, 1561, 1027 ]

—and state that engineering systems has made this list of “ilities” much longer. Why is that, and what would you consider to be the top four “ilities” of the engineering systems epoch? We analyzed the prevalence of these lifecycle properties in the engineering literature going back all the way to 1884. It became clear to us that the classical engineering “illities” such as quality, safety, and reliability were essential in making artifacts such as cars, power stations, trains, and telephones work reliably and predictably. Then, during and after World War II, we detect a major shift as we entered the Epoch of Complex Systems. During the war, it was essential to produce systems effectively at a large rate; therefore, the concept of scalability and usability of weapons systems was a major factor driving success on the battlefield. Usability and the field of human factors was invented and subsequently drove major design considerations for commercial products and systems. Starting in the 1970s concern over environmental impacts and interoperability of military systems, as well as the development of the internet, gave rise to new system properties such as sustainability and interoperability, which continue to be of major interest today. Also, due to the unpredictability and rate of uncertainty in today’s world, the desire for flexibility in systems continues to increase. One of the big challenges is to develop principles, methods, and tools for designing systems to be deliberately imbued with these properties with a level of rigor and predictability that is commensurate with that of the more traditional engineering properties. It also true that system properties that were once thought to have been masters, such as safety, must now be revisited due to the increasing sociotechnical complexity of today’s systems. What do you mean by “partially designed, partially evolved”? How does this concept apply to the MBTA? We usually think that engineers and designers have full control over their own inventions and creations. This may be true for smaller scale artifacts like watches, toasters, and cars; however, large scale engineering systems have lifetimes of decades or centuries. Over these long time periods the underlying demographics of users, economics, political imperatives, and natural environment may change in ways that were never considered by the original designers. Thus, parts of the system may be shut down or modified and new elements may be added in time. These patterns resemble more biological evolutionary processes rather than follow the initial plan laid out by a master designer. In terms of the MBTA (Boston’s local transit system) I would like to mention the creation of the Silver Line, an innovative bus line that uses mostly dedicated lanes and tunnels and serves the airport and rapidly evolving waterfront district in South Boston. This is intimately connected to the Central Artery (“Big Dig”) project that we discuss in the book. Did the original designers of Boston’s first electric street car in 1889 envision the Silver Line? Most certainly not. The system evolved over time as new elements were added to better serve the rapidly evolving city. What are the “enablers of success” as engineers address the engineering systems challenges that face humanity? This is a great question. The first thing that comes to mind is humility. Engineers must become aware not only of the intended consequences of their designs but also of the unintended consequences and the larger set of forces that will promote or inhibit the adoption of new technologies or “solutions” to pressing problems. Taking a broad socio-technical perspective, while preserving or deepening our understanding of the technical and social possibilities, is essential. The (re)visioning perspective is a useful initial starting point for organizing the thinking around large scale challenges of our time. There are examples of successes in taking this perspective, such as the transformation of IBM from a manufacturer of business machines to a provider of integrated business solutions and services; the innovative approach to transportation in cities such as Curitiba, Brazil; and the progress Australia has made in managing its scarce freshwater resources. Success depends on the barriers being broken down that today keep engineers, social scientists, and management scientists from teaming together in the most effective way to address the world’s problems. These barriers include the mental models those in various disciplines carry with them throughout their careers, the institutional obstacles that exist in academia and even in the business world, and the lack of understanding about what other disciplines might bring to the table (something we hope our book will make at least a small contribution to correcting). Using MIT as an example, how has the focus of engineering education changed over time? MIT has been and continues to be one of the leaders in engineering education. After the adoption of the engineering science approach after World War II (most of the big breakthroughs were led by trained physicists, not by engineers), engineering was refocused on the fundamentals of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and the other underlying natural sciences. Starting in the late 1980s and early 1990s, there was a realization that MIT needed to also directly impact industry and government practice, which led to the creation of new programs that integrated aspects of engineering with management and, to a lesser extent, with the social sciences. Degree programs such as System Design and Management (SDM), Leaders for Manufacturing (LFM)— now Leaders for Global Operations (LGO)—and the Engineering Systems Division (ESD) were driven by the need for a new and broader approach to engineering. Another example is the lifecycle-oriented curriculum known as CDIO (conceive-design-implement-operate) in Aeronautics and Astronautics, as well as the recent Gordon Engineering Leadership (GEL) program in the School of Engineering. One of the most difficult questions is how to provide a deep foundation in fundamentals while also exposing engineering students to the most important concepts (such as cost analysis, strategy, material selection, supplier sourcing, regulatory science) that often dominate engineering practice in the real world. Much work remains to be done, also at MIT. What kinds of changes (if any) do you think we need to make in engineering education? This may sound radical, but I think the time has come to fundamentally rethink the need for traditional departments. The distinctions between mechanical, electrical, chemical engineering , etc. are largely historical and a vestige of the past. Most of the systems and products being designed in the 21st century have a complex mix of mechanical, electrical, chemical, biological, and other cyber-physical elements and are designed for a large variety of human users. While engineers clearly must develop areas of deep expertise, it is not clear to us that this has to be done around the historically evolved stovepipes. It is interesting that none of the new universities that MIT is helping to get off the ground—such as Masdar Institute in Abu Dhabi, SUTD in Singapore, and SkTech in Moscow—have departments. They all have at their core an integrated modern curriculum that is centered on pillars or problem areas that map to large scale socio-technical challenges rather than to a set of clearly delineated governing equations such as the Navier-Stokes Equations (fluid dynamics), Maxwell's Equations (Electrical Engineering), or the Shannon-Hartley Law (Information Theory). Engineering education must change as was also articulated in the well-known Engineer 2020 report released by the National Academy of Engineering. In the book we argue that “Engineering education, which since its early days has enjoyed a rich history, today has begun to broaden from preparing students for technical careers to educating technically grounded leaders who will run complex systems and enterprises and establish new entrepreneurial startups.” We believe that the engineering systems concepts we discuss are an important step in that direction. February 14, 2012 The author of the classic philosophical treatment of love reflects on the trajectory, over decades, of his thoughts on love and other topics. A vision of architecture that transcends concerns of form and function and finds the connections between the architect's wish to design a beautiful world and architecture's imperative to provide a better place for society. A self-described failed filmmaker falls obsessively in love with her theorist-husband's colleague: a manifesto for a new kind of feminism and the power of first-person narration. A vision of architecture that includes sculpture, machines, and technology and encapsulates the history of the human species. February 08, 2012 A people of laughers, Langston Hughes has called his people. His poem “Laughers,” first published in Crisis in 1922 as “My People,” goes through a series of roles associated with African-Americans (singers, storytellers, dancers, but also dishwashers, cooks, and waiters), to conclude that they are laughers: “Yes, laughers…laughers…laughers— / Loud-mouthed laughers in the hands / Of Fate. “Yes, laughers…laughers…laughers” comes as a response to a doubtful question: “Laughers?” “Yes, laughers…” is the insistent answer, its insistence a function of the acknowledged irony of an African-American poet in 1922 describing his people as laughers. “I love myself when I am laughing” is also Zora Neale Hurston’s provocative statement, an attempt to claim membership with the same people of laughers. It is a response to Carl Van Vechten, who had taken a series of photographs of her laughing; but also to Hughes and his accusations that she had put on a “happy darkie” show and played the primitive. The sentence would be the site of Hurston’s recuperation by 1970s feminism, becoming the title of her 1979 collection published by Feminist Press. It condenses an “attitude” that brought Hurston intellectual annihilation in the 1930s and posthumous fame. A list of adjectives describes the “attitude” within different

[ 15234, 13, 16962, 5613, 9203, 33011, 33887, 4134, 8520, 36003, 7136, 4733, 1454, 103, 4992, 12116, 14858, 5676, 33221, 40399, 33211, 2989, 22206, 33221, 1454, 240, 6450, 5676, 2863, 4733, 40399, 2141, 4134, 4134, 8348, 4733, 33887, 36204, 10977, 9203, 17648, 41783, 24292, 19927, 9028, 24745, 18951, 21027, 26855, 21027, 5776, 12388, 33221, 24292, 5676, 14439, 38444, 1283, 40647, 5776, 6450, 10227, 15234, 15, 40399, 28832, 5676, 11910, 30656, 30175, 25628, 5898, 19927, 3952, 17648, 31008, 41451, 37384, 13803, 14858, 11630, 7072, 11910, 2141, 7539, 138, 232, 10977, 3147, 12388, 10139, 37849, 2599, 17946, 17648, 7072, 12388, 10139, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 6234, 313, 138, 228, 12507, 138, 228, 27, 1454, 103, 21, 138, 96, 3566, 2082, 138, 102, 138, 235, 17, 14, 138, 233, 23, 138, 104, 582, 24355, 16962, 16287, 18184, 13, 36684, 5613, 5117, 4134, 7490, 10977, 24745, 40647, 2866, 4654, 28649, 7136, 11112, 2989, 8348, 3868, 21227, 9650, 2863, 18806, 23977, 7490, 34299, 4733, 36796, 40146, 21394, 3393, 9650, 7136, 18951, 19927, 18806, 17686, 9737, 20933, 13913, 12116, 5117, 29704, 7136, 24073, 13, 4654, 16287, 3952, 24745, 19073, 46440, 2599, 5117, 4134, 7490, 10977, 24745, 40647, 818, 14, 25, 40647, 5776, 6450, 10227, 28434, 23977, 2141, 3952, 21227, 27435, 23766, 7072, 9203, 10977, 37833, 48185, 21, 15, 187, 187, 138, 243, 2141, 29354, 7072, 28649, 16411, 4733, 22880, 33887, 4134, 8520, 36003, 24745, 8520, 1454, 103, 4992, 12116, 14858, 5676, 33221, 13803, 14858, 5676, 5117, 5346, 9203, 3952, 41451, 38444, 24292, 9650, 35280, 8095, 2863, 29704, 8348, 19073, 32309, 3147, 30175, 22880, 4733, 7539, 2863, 3955, 4992, 3952, 12388, 27435, 4733, 6234, 18383, 5346, 7072, 8348, 10227, 28434, 32309, 11112, 2989, 3393, 20933, 8348, 7072, 28649, 14439, 3147, 23766, 14439, 20933, 11630, 32681, 13850, 30681, 12388, 26867, 13850, 17946, 3955, 17757, 2599, 9203, 15234, 1454, 99, 4992, 36030, 4134, 12388, 30793, 3147, 15234, 2989, 26867, 1454, 229, 40051, 6450, 38929, 1454, 239, 2141, 7072, 5676, 5776, 8348, 17946, 18806, 1454, 103, 4992, 12116, 14858, 5676, 33221, 40399, 33211, 2989, 22206, 33221, 37849, 2599, 9203, 5776, 2989, 8520, 1454, 96, 8348, 29704, 4992, 13, 5613, 7136, 3868, 2863, 30175, 17686, 20853, 9203, 17757, 24073, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 24036, 3868, 2863, 18806, 32681, 1454, 107, 29704, 15234, 20853, 3393, 3955, 8348, 2599, 15234, 22880, 33887, 4134, 8520, 36003, 24745, 8520, 15, 1454, 242, 28354, 139, 221, 3868, 33627, 18951, 21027, 4733, 33887, 4134, 8520, 36003, 7136, 4733, 22880, 4733, 13, 1454, 240, 6450, 5676, 2863, 4733, 40399, 2141, 4134, 4134, 8348, 4733, 13, 46422, 3868, 2599, 7136, 3868, 2863, 13, 8095, 42313, 16003, 16411, 33887, 36204, 38377, 16003, 11630, 41783, 25628, 1454, 107, 16287, 30303, 4992, 22880, 11112, 3393, 11630, 16411, 3952, 8520, 15, 1454, 230, 2989, 457, 37677, 7136, 1454, 107, 29704, 7490, 3868, 16411, 24355, 13803, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 17186, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 24073, 23977, 13913, 17946, 4733, 16962, 36003, 27580, 7490, 22206, 8348, 33887, 4134, 10139, 9650, 49626, 37384, 1454, 230, 138, 230, 138, 103, 138, 243, 15, 187, 187, 138, 239, 3393, 25628, 9028, 5117, 5346, 9203, 3952, 41451, 17186, 24073, 1454, 240, 15, 12507, 904, 24355, 13803, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 17186, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 5898, 19927, 5346, 2141, 10977, 3955, 6450, 3868, 49626, 45133, 40647, 1454, 230, 30681, 12388, 10139, 13803, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 17186, 18806, 5613, 3393, 5776, 12388, 8348, 33887, 4134, 10139, 9650, 49626, 37384, 1454, 230, 138, 230, 138, 99, 138, 99, 15, 187, 187, 138, 232, 10977, 3147, 12388, 10139, 1454, 242, 3955, 8348, 10227, 2141, 43666, 14733, 11630, 38444, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 4134, 14733, 3868, 14439, 3868, 40301, 313, 138, 232, 138, 242, 138, 237, 138, 237, 2262, 1454, 234, 29830, 138, 242, 138, 237, 138, 237, 13, 13850, 3147, 7490, 3868, 43242, 209, 33011, 19179, 28060, 19371, 10589, 313, 36, 6366, 10, 9529, 2599, 7136, 9650, 2863, 24292, 9650, 11910, 13, 9737, 6450, 16411, 7539, 48614, 33627, 4654, 7136, 19927, 4733, 6234, 9737, 6450, 16411, 40647, 47909, 3393, 36003, 40051, 18184, 23766, 1454, 107, 29704, 28434, 16962, 3955, 8348, 10227, 28434, 9028, 14733, 11630, 38444, 1454, 107, 29704, 15234, 23977, 7490, 3952, 26867, 24073, 29830, 15, 138, 232, 15, 1454, 108, 16, 5676, 10298, 40647, 47909, 3393, 36003, 40051, 18184, 23766, 17686, 3147, 29830, 5117, 38093, 42044, 139, 221, 5676, 7136, 1454, 242, 36003, 27580, 29346, 3955, 7136, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 40051, 12116, 8348, 5776, 11910, 39242, 313, 1400, 12988, 582, 19073, 35691, 17946, 5676, 33211, 8520, 10977, 24745, 18806, 19073, 36684, 21227, 18951, 2599, 7490, 4134, 6450, 25651, 11910, 5613, 5117, 9650, 7136, 3147, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 3393, 4134, 2989, 10977, 9203, 33629, 4733, 32309, 11112, 9203, 9650, 3393, 30656, 24355, 23977, 13913, 17946, 4654, 39242, 15, 187, 187, 138, 228, 49798, 12388, 10139, 8095, 28832, 38377, 17186, 24073, 9028, 5117, 5346, 9203, 3952, 41451, 38444, 22880, 37849, 138, 100, 138, 96, 138, 236, 138, 233, 138, 228, 1454, 108, 14439, 3147, 17686, 3147, 209, 28832, 25326, 37677, 7136, 19073, 5898, 19927, 5776, 8348, 5346, 11910, 24355, 29830, 138, 100, 138, 243, 13, 24355, 16962, 16287, 18184, 8361, 8348, 33629, 15902, 7136, 3955, 8520, 46440, 16411, 5776, 24745, 17686, 9028, 9203, 3147, 2599, 14733, 36684, 21227, 18951, 2599, 13913, 4134, 2989, 38444, 32681, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 3393, 4134, 2989, 10977, 9203, 41783, 15234, 40647, 45002, 2989, 22206, 27435, 4733, 9529, 2599, 7136, 9650, 37833, 15, 1454, 234, 5613, 3393, 36030, 5117, 14439, 18184, 46422, 3868, 2599, 7136, 3868, 2863, 24292, 38377, 41783, 209, 33011, 28354, 139, 222, 27718, 38377, 17186, 30175, 13810, 11112, 4992, 3955, 2989, 8520, 36003, 18184, 22880, 15902, 9203, 8520, 330, 6366, 25628, 8095, 28832, 3868, 38929, 30303, 4992, 5571, 5898, 2599, 7136, 3955, 15234, 9737, 2989, 10227, 12388, 26867, 9529, 2599, 37833, 1454, 234, 16, 138, 100, 18806, 9737, 43242, 3868, 36204, 28354, 139, 222, 16287, 25326, 7072, 29346, 3955, 7136, 2456, 9737, 48614, 2599, 15, 9737, 5117, 49100, 15, 1454, 99, 2141, 5898, 2989, 43242, 17757, 14439, 37677, 8348, 49456, 46440, 10227, 9203, 9650, 49626, 45133, 24355, 28354, 4992, 7072, 27435, 18951, 41451, 9028, 5117, 5346, 9203, 3952, 41451, 17186, 9028, 2989, 24292, 2599, 44586, 24355, 8095, 36204, 9737, 11630, 5676, 33211, 4992, 18806, 28354, 12116, 27580, 33221, 35278, 12116, 2141, 17186, 1454, 108, 14439, 3147, 24355, 36684, 8348, 38377, 17186, 22880, 24292, 36003, 8520, 24073, 29830, 138, 242, 138, 237, 138, 237, 42191, 1454, 230, 138, 232, 138, 232, 138, 235, 138, 228, 18806, 26855, 7072, 45133, 5676, 21394, 31008, 19927, 37384, 13803, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 17186, 43666, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 8348, 3955, 5117, 19927, 4733, 313, 138, 230, 138, 232, 138, 232, 138, 235, 138, 228, 16, 12507, 2989, 138, 237, 5117, 5346, 481, 1454, 104, 3868, 2599, 7136, 3868, 2863, 24355, 13850, 3147, 7490, 3868, 43242, 13803, 2989, 138, 237, 5117, 5346, 22880, 1454, 230, 138, 232, 138, 232, 138, 235, 138, 228, 13, 32309, 23871, 11910, 2599, 8520, 36003, 24745, 35278, 17686, 6157, 13, 37134, 9028, 5117, 34299, 33011, 28354, 3868, 2141, 19927, 16003, 5776, 29346, 31008, 41451, 47607, 40146, 21394, 12116, 14733, 11630, 44206, 17186, 32681, 26855, 3868, 17648, 3955, 8348, 2599, 15234, 32309, 9529, 9650, 3393, 2599, 6450, 25651, 28649, 30656, 23766, 25628, 1454, 107, 3955, 5117, 19927, 24073, 23977, 13913, 17946, 4733, 15, 43666, 10298, 24036, 4134, 33011, 49929, 17186, 17757, 26097, 35280, 16962, 2989, 9737, 2989, 10227, 12388, 2863, 6450, 13, 16962, 209, 28832, 25326, 4733, 24073, 26855, 7072, 45133, 5676, 21394, 31008, 41451, 4733, 11112, 2989, 3393, 11630, 10977, 5117, 3147, 38444, 38833, 37134, 40146, 21394, 2863, 21394, 3868, 31008, 21027, 4733, 13, 24036, 14439, 3147, 30175, 35691, 29354, 10227, 11910, 7072, 17757, 16962, 2989, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 21027, 3393, 4134, 2989, 10977, 9203, 33629, 4733, 38833, 13850, 6450, 21027, 3147, 30656, 40647, 5898, 3955, 2989, 7072, 13913, 4733, 45002, 2989, 22206, 27435, 4733, 9529, 2599, 7136, 9650, 37833, 15, 187, 187, 138, 239, 14858, 9529, 7490, 3868, 43242, 9737, 12116, 2141, 3952, 40237, 7072, 10139, 24073, 16962, 10227, 4992, 7072, 40301, 313, 138, 232, 15, 138, 232, 2698, 4022, 16, 883, 2385, 35278, 25628, 8095, 36030, 5117, 29354, 24073, 23977, 13913, 17946, 4733, 9529, 6450, 7072, 8520, 17946, 49456, 38833, 5898, 4134, 9203, 2599, 37097, 44687, 48002, 5613, 3393, 36030, 5117, 14439, 6450, 28434, 49929, 10977, 9203, 33629, 4733, 1454, 99, 27435, 3952, 5676, 15234, 23977, 8348, 45133, 3952, 40647, 9737, 29704, 4992, 3147, 12388, 34500, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 41451, 22206, 34500, 1454, 119, 3868, 16003, 41783, 5776, 6450, 10227, 28434, 15, 1454, 104, 3868, 2599, 7136, 3868, 2863, 38833, 4654, 16287, 14733, 11630, 41783, 19073, 23766, 2599, 21394, 8348, 33629, 36796, 46440, 16411, 5776, 9203, 3868, 17757, 33627, 22880, 4733, 18806, 8095, 2989, 10977, 27580, 13913, 4733, 19073, 26855, 3955, 5346, 8348, 5776, 11910, 47607, 5898, 19927, 7072, 3147, 13913, 21394, 3868, 10139, 22880, 4733, 15, 187, 187, 138, 228, 19927, 12116, 3393, 28832, 18951, 21027, 4733, 42191, 20853, 9203, 17757, 32681, 8095, 28832, 3868, 12116, 2141, 2599, 15234, 49929, 10977, 9203, 41783, 15234, 9529, 21227, 4733, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 41451, 22206, 34500, 1454, 119, 3868, 16003, 41783, 5776, 6450, 10227, 28434, 13, 16962, 1454, 230, 138, 230, 138, 99, 138, 99, 48185, 3147, 2599, 26867, 4992, 4733, 1454, 99, 25651, 7490, 3952, 2599, 25651, 2141, 5676, 8348, 5676, 4992, 4733, 9529, 4992, 18951, 6450, 7490, 41783, 40557, 36684, 21227, 18951, 2599, 7490, 4134, 6450, 3868, 17648, 5676, 27580, 48911, 3868, 2141, 40647, 337, 13, 22, 209, 13913, 17946, 15, 29830, 4134, 2989, 4134, 5776, 9203, 28649, 13, 23977, 2141, 17946, 5676, 43242, 21394, 41783, 48002, 33887, 16287, 10227, 2863, 31008, 4733, 32309, 11112, 9203, 9650, 49626, 5676, 27580, 25628, 29495, 6450, 38377, 17186, 7539, 3955, 4992, 9028, 34299, 44586, 3955, 4992, 4733, 9529, 4992, 17757, 3868, 40301, 30175, 13810, 23977, 13913, 17946, 26147, 47851, 13913, 13, 5613, 9203, 25326, 4733, 13, 29495, 9203, 5676, 21394, 3147, 3393, 17686, 13850, 3393, 7072, 28649, 7136, 4733, 40557, 18383, 3147, 9203, 19927, 4733, 42191, 3147, 11112, 4992, 3955, 7136, 3868, 36204, 17686, 31008, 2141, 49456, 13850, 3147, 13913, 21394, 25651, 3393, 36796, 1454, 107, 16003, 17757, 32309, 23977, 11910, 34299, 25651, 28649, 14439, 3147, 36796, 26855, 3868, 43242, 17757, 14439, 32681, 9028, 5117, 5346, 3393, 3952, 41451, 22206, 26867, 1454, 119, 3868, 16003, 41783, 5776, 6450, 10227, 15234, 313, 10394, 30015, 481, 36016, 401, 15, 19, 69, 848, 187, 10311, 8875, 27, 25164, 6817, 7804, 2164, 9, 68, 10, 3054, 326, 25577, 273, 27085, 46491, 310, 557, 34281, 2149, 3707, 323, 14631, 501, 40052, 13, 31658, 13, 390, 253, 1569, 273, 253, 1083, 285, 4419, 2579, 273, 10125, 273, 11106, 27085, 46491, 273, 253, 25164, 6817, 15, 28895, 6481, 443, 5214, 55, 27823, 13, 6043, 14, 16667, 13, 87, 15, 20655, 22268, 42, 27597, 13, 8167, 14, 28107, 15, 187, 2302, 15, 11614, 14, 746, 746, 15, 187, 11586, 2077, 2111, 273, 9892, 13, 25164, 6817, 15, 187, 27303, 15, 884, 13, 12140, 15, 187, 187, 8639, 611, 47791, 1703, 58, 13, 353, 5757, 1042, 285, 20466, 6435, 52, 13, 6817, 19592, 15, 187, 187, 24066, 187, 187, 18, 187, 1552, 4549, 556, 644, 6289, 281, 436, 5370, 273, 253, 2111, 10376, 281, 7804, 898, 9, 66, 582, 16228, 273, 253, 25164, 6817, 15, 535, 187, 19, 187, 16667, 20652, 327, 4397, 2164, 13, 12140, 13, 432, 253, 2457, 3883, 390, 1340, 15, 50275, 2302, 2457, 390, 4549, 494, 1340, 556, 644, 5966, 15, 50275, 6869, 412, 398, 708, 12829, 22374, 362, 15, 38494, 333, 13, 39949, 530, 15, 52, 15, 41368, 313, 19791, 558, 50275, 6869, 864, 362, 15, 27873, 5660, 24148, 36907, 11294, 13, 33624, 530, 15, 52, 15, 39522, 313, 40853, 558, 50275, 23475, 3642, 362, 15, 1986, 2077, 13, 32479, 530, 15, 52, 15, 26780, 313, 36354, 481, 535, 187, 20, 187, 1147, 310, 40169, 326, 253, 4549, 320, 11511, 323, 3480, 273, 7571, 15, 50275, 16295, 898, 9, 69, 2769, 18, 582, 16228, 273, 253, 25164, 6817, 15, 535, 688, 5342, 8333, 2190, 26690, 275, 1986, 2077, 1786, 1557, 7533, 15, 187, 3351, 30976, 897, 273, 726, 45324, 13 ]

ων, ο τέως υπουργός Ψηφιακής Πολιτικής Νίκος Παππάς υιοθέτησε ένα κείμενο συνολικής έκτασης 18 σελίδων. Πρόκειται για την αναρτημένη στη Διαύγεια «Εθνική Στρατηγική Κυβερνοασφάλειας» (ΑΔΑ: Ψ4Ρ7465ΧΘ0-Ζ6Ω), η οποία, αν τυπωθεί σε… μονό διάστιχο και χωρίς τα περιεχόμενα και το εξώφυλλό της, μπορεί να αποτυπωθεί σε 7-8 σελίδες χαρτιού μεγέθους Α4. Παράγοντες του υπουργείου Ψηφιακής Διακυβέρνησης έχουν πολλά να πουν για τους «ομηρικούς» καβγάδες που διεξάγονταν μεταξύ των γενικών γραμματέων Τηλεπικοινωνιών Βασίλη Μαγκλάρα και Ψηφιακής Πολιτικής Στέλιου Ράλλη, τόσο για το θέμα της κυβερνοασφάλειας όσο και των άλλων θεμάτων του υπουργείου. Ο προϊστάμενος υπουργός τους, Νίκος Παππάς, ωστόσο, πάντοτε υιοθετούσε την άποψη του δεύτερου. Γι’ αυτό άλλωστε η Διεύθυνση Κυβερνοασφάλειας της χώρας οργανωτικά υπήχθη στη ΓΓΨΠ. Με την κυβέρνηση της Ν.Δ., η Διεύθυνση Κυβερνοασφάλειας αναβαθμίσθηκε σε Γενική Διεύθυνση και τελικά υπήχθη στη ΓΓΤΤ. Εθνική Ομάδα Κρούσης Κυβερνοπροστασίας (ΕΟΚΚ): Η ΕΟΚΚ, γνωστή ως Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) στόχο έχει, είτε «κατά μόνας» είτε σε συνεργασία με άλλες ομάδες κρούσης άλλων χωρών της Ε.Ε. ή/και σε συνεργασία με τον Ευρωπαϊκό Οργανισμό Κυβερνοασφάλειας (ENISA), να παρακολουθεί και να αντιμετωπίζει τυχόν κυβερνοεπιθέσεις που δέχεται η χώρα μας. Αρχική πρόθεση της κυβέρνησης του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ ήταν τον ρόλο αυτό να αναλάβει η ΕΥΠ, η οποία βάσει νόμου αποτελεί το κέντρο αντιμετώπισης των κυβερνοεπιθέσεων σε πολιτικούς στόχους. Η τελευταία ωστόσο έθεσε ως προϋπόθεση για τη δημιουργία του νέου CERT την πρόσληψη 70 ατόμων ειδικών στους Η/Υ και ετήσιο προϋπολογισμό 50 εκατ. ευρώ. Τα αιτήματα αυτά δεν αποδέχθηκε η προηγούμενη κυβέρνηση κι έτσι η πιο εύκολη και προφανής απόφαση ήταν η ανάθεση του έργου της ΕΟΚΚ στο ΓΕΕΘΑ και συγκεκριμένα στη Διεύθυνση Κυβερνοάμυνας (ΓΕΕΘΑ/ΔιΚυβ). Ωστόσο η γνωστή ΔιΚυβ του ΓΕΕΘΑ, που λειτουργεί από το 2004, είναι κυρίως προσανατολισμένη στην περιφρούρηση των συστημάτων που σχετίζονται με την άμυνα της χώρας. Και όπως επισημαίνουν οι ειδικοί, ο ρόλος της συγκεκριμένης διεύθυνσης θα είναι περιορισμένος, όταν για παράδειγμα οι κυβερνοεπιθέσεις θα γίνονται σε αμιγώς πολιτικούς στόχους. Μια σωστή εφαρμογή της οδηγίας (Ε.Ε.) 2016/1148 από την πλευρά της χώρας σίγουρα δεν θα απέτρεπε τις τελευταίες επιθέσεις Τούρκων χάκερ σε ελληνικές κυβερνητικές ιστοσελίδες. Ωστόσο θα μπορούσε να μετριάσει τα αποτελέσματά τους και πιθανώς να συμβάλει στην αναγνώρισή τους. Αναφερόμενος στο θέμα των πρόσφατων επιθέσεων στις κυβερνητικές ιστοσελίδες, ο ΓΓΤΤ Αντώνης Τζωρτζακάκης σημείωσε ότι αντιμετωπίστηκαν μέσα σε 1,5 ώρα. Επιπλέον, χαρακτήρισε τις υποδομές που δέχθηκαν την επίθεση «μη κρίσιμης σημασίας για τη χώρα», ενώ, τέλος, επέκρινε το γεγονός ότι κανένας στον δημόσιο τομέα δεν γνώριζε τα άτομα που χειρίζονταν τα συστήματα των κυβερνητικών ιστοσελίδων (system administrators).810 F.2d 201 NOTICE: Sixth Circuit Rule 24(c) states that citation of unpublished dispositions is disfavored except for establishing res judicata, estoppel, or the law of the case and requires service of copies of cited unpublished dispositions of the Sixth Circuit.Darwin GRAVITT, Plaintiff-Appellant,v.Frank WILLIAMS, Defendant-Appellee. No. 86-1919. United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit. Nov. 10, 1986. Before KENNEDY, MARTIN and BOGGS, Circuit Judges. ORDER 1 This appeal has been referred to this panel of the Court pursuant to Rule 9(a), Rules of the Sixth Circuit. 2 Appellant appealed on September 24, 1986, from the final judgment or order. No final or appealable order has been entered. Coopers & Lybrand v. Livesay, 437 U.S. 463 (1978); Cohen v. Beneficial Industrial Loan Corporation, 337 U.S. 541 (1949); Catlin v. United States, 324 U.S. 229 (1945). 3 It is ORDERED that the appeal be dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. Rule 9(d)(1), Rules of the Sixth Circuit. Injection practices among clinicians in United States health care settings. Improper use of syringes,

[ 5024, 875, 253, 12716, 327, 534, 253, 10973, 2324, 3119, 370, 51, 5, 310, 4080, 15, 12571, 281, 253, 11689, 273, 16133, 3724, 13, 4561, 407, 1027, 12716, 13, 370, 51, 5, 9774, 684, 347, 247, 1159, 273, 253, 4764, 370, 82, 45, 1366, 835, 370, 82, 1035, 3151, 13, 35, 1009, 310, 253, 444, 4548, 5149, 14, 11000, 285, 370, 45, 5, 310, 253, 734, 14, 22045, 4181, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 1570, 496, 2266, 5212, 4910, 370, 82, 1035, 3151, 13, 35, 1009, 310, 14495, 281, 669, 3151, 378, 16, 79, 64, 84, 1366, 835, 370, 79, 578, 84, 724, 310, 253, 6488, 4038, 1008, 15271, 17131, 2055, 8934, 28, 1214, 46, 20323, 647, 729, 3071, 67, 1570, 831, 5644, 281, 253, 370, 35, 2911, 38847, 22957, 342, 253, 2180, 669, 3442, 378, 61, 24213, 295, 578, 84, 27081, 3151, 418, 1352, 831, 28055, 8131, 10096, 369, 5783, 407, 253, 4679, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 1570, 16133, 3724, 452, 247, 1199, 4577, 31731, 13, 347, 2429, 281, 253, 10713, 10973, 11690, 790, 22372, 15271, 17131, 2055, 8934, 28, 1214, 46, 20323, 647, 729, 3071, 67, 62, 285, 13, 275, 4499, 281, 253, 353, 3027, 48, 14, 59, 6453, 1055, 13, 253, 444, 4548, 14, 4919, 22957, 513, 417, 2430, 1698, 9208, 285, 3530, 342, 253, 1077, 1029, 6488, 16239, 27, 597, 497, 2540, 387, 1878, 598, 281, 370, 53, 61, 13960, 5096, 5, 611, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 1570, 2053, 444, 4548, 3607, 1056, 253, 2783, 11562, 3340, 12532, 323, 253, 8869, 273, 36232, 23225, 4294, 14, 19579, 25421, 285, 17606, 2521, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4294, 285, 4038, 10096, 273, 253, 28088, 2180, 669, 3442, 378, 61, 24213, 295, 578, 84, 27081, 3151, 20795, 21657, 2540, 275, 253, 806, 9380, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 1092, 369, 5783, 275, 247, 1996, 9311, 407, 14963, 1162, 355, 15, 1008, 49518, 2922, 1570, 1723, 13, 275, 4499, 281, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 1092, 597, 1119, 326, 669, 3442, 378, 5, 1057, 417, 3469, 327, 253, 4181, 370, 45, 5, 875, 253, 12716, 15, 831, 20620, 4558, 49374, 594, 2080, 28, 2686, 13, 352, 16540, 253, 1953, 534, 2978, 943, 320, 7192, 762, 370, 45, 5, 275, 253, 5469, 11562, 15, 17766, 326, 1097, 275, 41966, 15, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 62, 285, 7567, 15, 1008, 49518, 2922, 62, 370, 45, 5, 369, 8025, 281, 320, 4503, 281, 253, 4181, 370, 45, 578, 357, 724, 875, 253, 2792, 370, 66, 5, 285, 370, 67, 5, 275, 5317, 905, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 67, 582, 891, 15, 70, 15, 253, 2792, 835, 253, 3057, 5644, 313, 12710, 562, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 10, 5181, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 5048, 15, 187, 187, 37982, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 6573, 3909, 10, 313, 66, 10, 329, 873, 14, 484, 273, 253, 2813, 28, 253, 1655, 14221, 432, 253, 3057, 337, 281, 253, 3057, 374, 13, 253, 6718, 310, 4080, 875, 253, 12716, 495, 285, 577, 28, 247, 5212, 1673, 370, 35, 5, 310, 20277, 281, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 6415, 15, 313, 67, 10, 43777, 273, 253, 18719, 3057, 25297, 313, 700, 2147, 3672, 582, 3057, 5644, 313, 609, 284, 378, 10, 285, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 313, 12879, 329, 558, 253, 2806, 9118, 3284, 13130, 347, 2802, 72, 457, 310, 253, 9729, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 15, 313, 68, 10, 380, 14854, 5052, 370, 51, 578, 18, 13, 19, 28, 20, 13, 21, 889, 8275, 416, 5, 387, 253, 23225, 4294, 370, 71, 30, 16198, 5, 30588, 13, 3276, 370, 53, 30, 577, 15, 19, 5, 611, 13, 253, 7394, 6718, 370, 55, 578, 72, 39779, 18, 15, 1867, 5, 657, 285, 1027, 2193, 273, 253, 23225, 1612, 4038, 5774, 1470, 18, 66, 15, 2265, 346, 926, 18031, 3429, 568, 17, 15, 2537, 61, 33237, 986, 13976, 1447, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 6573, 3909, 10, 313, 66, 10, 329, 873, 14, 484, 273, 253, 2813, 28, 253, 1655, 14221, 432, 253, 3057, 337, 281, 253, 3057, 374, 13, 253, 6718, 310, 4080, 875, 253, 12716, 495, 285, 577, 28, 247, 5212, 1673, 370, 35, 5, 310, 20277, 281, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 6415, 15, 313, 67, 10, 43777, 273, 253, 18719, 3057, 25297, 313, 700, 2147, 3672, 582, 3057, 5644, 313, 609, 284, 378, 10, 285, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 313, 12879, 329, 558, 253, 2806, 9118, 3284, 13130, 347, 2802, 72, 457, 310, 253, 9729, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 15, 313, 68, 10, 380, 14854, 5052, 370, 51, 578, 18, 13, 19, 28, 20, 13, 21, 889, 8275, 416, 5, 387, 253, 23225, 4294, 370, 71, 30, 16198, 5, 30588, 13, 3276, 370, 53, 30, 577, 15, 19, 5, 611, 13, 253, 7394, 6718, 370, 55, 578, 72, 39779, 18, 15, 1867, 5, 657, 285, 1027, 2193, 273, 253, 23225, 1612, 4038, 5774, 1470, 18, 67, 15, 2265, 346, 926, 18031, 3429, 568, 17, 15, 1867, 61, 33237, 3, 889, 187, 37982, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 6573, 3909, 10, 313, 66, 10, 329, 873, 14, 484, 273, 253, 2813, 28, 253, 1655, 14221, 432, 253, 3057, 337, 281, 253, 3057, 374, 13, 253, 6718, 310, 4080, 875, 253, 12716, 495, 285, 577, 28, 247, 5212, 1673, 370, 35, 5, 310, 20277, 281, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 6415, 15, 313, 67, 10, 43777, 273, 253, 18719, 3057, 25297, 313, 700, 2147, 3672, 582, 3057, 5644, 313, 609, 284, 378, 10, 285, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 313, 12879, 329, 558, 253, 2806, 9118, 3284, 13130, 347, 2802, 72, 457, 310, 253, 9729, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 15, 313, 68, 10, 380, 14854, 5052, 370, 51, 578, 18, 13, 19, 28, 20, 13, 21, 889, 8275, 416, 5, 387, 253, 23225, 4294, 370, 71, 30, 16198, 5, 30588, 13, 3276, 370, 53, 30, 577, 15, 19, 5, 611, 13, 253, 7394, 6718, 370, 55, 578, 72, 39779, 18, 15, 1867, 5, 657, 285, 1027, 2193, 273, 253, 23225, 1612, 4038, 5774, 1470, 18, 68, 15, 2265, 346, 926, 18031, 3429, 568, 17, 15, 26, 61, 33237, 986, 187, 187, 688, 436, 2929, 359, 7409, 253, 444, 4548, 14, 4919, 10973, 2324, 3119, 22957, 275, 12146, 1909, 16, 2422, 20750, 1909, 6318, 14, 4714, 5289, 15, 3824, 789, 19986, 432, 253, 2045, 16516, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 62, 275, 1264, 5667, 7794, 15, 3973, 13, 253, 4181, 370, 45, 578, 357, 724, 275, 776, 3530, 11443, 13960, 3925, 5, 669, 1906, 5, 78, 10, 310, 2761, 767, 7367, 273, 9777, 12217, 685, 275, 41966, 15, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 1570, 1310, 253, 28088, 2180, 369, 14495, 281, 370, 18, 16, 45, 578, 357, 3303, 359, 651, 10018, 625, 685, 3578, 2069, 4067, 2180, 669, 3442, 378, 5, 685, 275, 41966, 15, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 1570, 1292, 275, 776, 3368, 669, 3442, 378, 61, 13960, 470, 15, 18, 14, 17, 15, 19, 5, 308, 13, 534, 310, 2810, 281, 253, 28088, 9894, 275, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 1570, 6347, 13, 359, 452, 2684, 247, 625, 10182, 13, 11745, 5301, 273, 776, 5661, 941, 342, 253, 3762, 1008, 15271, 17131, 2055, 8934, 62, 285, 10375, 253, 1318, 273, 370, 45, 5, 432, 253, 5661, 941, 15, 733, 7819, 562, 281, 320, 273, 337, 5823, 4311, 534, 310, 1199, 4067, 685, 370, 45, 578, 357, 724, 533, 310, 273, 1340, 273, 253, 4181, 875, 253, 18719, 3057, 25297, 4080, 2112, 253, 5024, 273, 253, 374, 2573, 40, 15, 12245, 13, 776, 3530, 497, 6107, 407, 247, 6906, 18719, 7394, 9046, 247, 18138, 2400, 14, 15353, 6318, 1127, 3057, 313, 50, 5077, 10, 1008, 45, 11799, 1010, 1570, 17746, 13, 275, 7567, 15, 1008, 45, 11799, 1010, 1092, 359, 452, 2011, 313, 255, 370, 35, 30, 17, 7884, 326, 253, 6696, 8965, 342, 253, 18138, 2400, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 7568, 247, 767, 14, 13524, 7367, 273, 9777, 2169, 7340, 281, 253, 23225, 21057, 685, 253, 5289, 342, 247, 5899, 8085, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 15, 496, 253, 1246, 789, 4816, 35, 61, 9540, 470, 1366, 18138, 2400, 14, 15353, 10, 359, 452, 1119, 247, 1199, 2169, 28088, 10896, 273, 253, 370, 35, 2911, 38847, 22957, 11443, 3442, 416, 16, 51, 393, 13960, 818, 7884, 685, 275, 253, 440, 27189, 5289, 1008, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 2125, 66, 28, 1214, 44, 2788, 2345, 5914, 1762, 66, 28, 1214, 49518, 2922, 62, 390, 275, 5289, 342, 247, 8085, 14, 15353, 1165, 5077, 1008, 47424, 6002, 73, 5914, 1762, 62, 11443, 3442, 416, 16, 51, 654, 337, 14553, 3824, 1543, 1421, 281, 247, 1805, 4685, 273, 253, 12057, 273, 253, 444, 4548, 14, 4919, 10973, 2324, 3119, 22957, 285, 29238, 253, 1039, 281, 253, 8869, 273, 625, 5919, 4294, 7996, 25421, 273, 23225, 285, 246, 3525, 379, 21239, 7742, 15, 187, 187, 6067, 13751, 403, 6891, 4816, 1047, 5, 9153, 10, 6318, 21443, 342, 253, 6488, 4038, 370, 79, 578, 84, 94, 393, 13960, 884, 768, 805, 724, 7892, 13668, 19, 724, 285, 253, 16239, 273, 669, 1906, 61, 13960, 337, 15, 20, 61, 3181, 884, 768, 23, 724, 7892, 15667, 19, 724, 16, 55, 256, 387, 370, 21, 15, 19, 14, 18, 15, 21, 5, 611, 15, 844, 2557, 253, 5052, 327, 247, 6041, 6696, 2534, 40749, 2605, 13, 534, 310, 4158, 323, 4471, 14, 14104, 6341, 15, 380, 3410, 8414, 273, 1264, 370, 938, 5, 669, 1906, 5, 78, 4618, 12640, 13288, 273, 1027, 2978, 4816, 1549, 1366, 370, 938, 1366, 370, 1549, 5, 669, 1906, 5, 78, 582, 285, 4314, 6718, 19432, 13, 923, 5317, 905, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 66, 481, 4855, 3290, 5531, 6185, 12716, 281, 247, 374, 2573, 40, 403, 1160, 970, 18940, 7559, 24534, 5148, 1320, 3560, 407, 271, 35375, 15, 5761, 6906, 18719, 18488, 313, 7807, 2400, 7394, 1165, 30632, 10, 403, 653, 42648, 327, 253, 4275, 4243, 273, 253, 1669, 285, 987, 13288, 273, 253, 6696, 2534, 15, 380, 4766, 8223, 369, 908, 281, 2557, 253, 5052, 273, 253, 440, 17523, 264, 374, 37, 6488, 3678, 15, 7874, 4095, 497, 5421, 285, 253, 2074, 1543, 497, 2797, 15, 380, 6341, 497, 4824, 562, 275, 247, 657, 15293, 3501, 30469, 342, 247, 34986, 281, 7257, 30267, 21057, 313, 783, 4294, 2491, 9199, 281, 18672, 30588, 13, 253, 1612, 4038, 669, 3549, 337, 14, 740, 5, 278, 56, 16, 3591, 18333, 19, 7884, 1066, 281, 253, 3410, 285, 407, 970, 247, 6041, 5569, 14, 249, 5853, 281, 2557, 253, 14854, 5052, 370, 51, 30, 51, 578, 18, 13, 19, 28, 20, 13, 21, 3363, 187, 187, 2841, 905, 926, 15, 18, 16354, 68, 10, 2722, 253, 10973, 2324, 3119, 273, 253, 1165, 5077, 387, 253, 3276, 370, 53, 30, 21, 15, 19, 5, 611, 13, 253, 4294, 370, 71, 30, 16198, 5, 30588, 285, 2067, 2193, 273, 253, 23225, 1612, 30320, 2803, 15, 380, 23225, 21057, 5644, 281, 253, 2266, 14523, 273, 253, 5052, 387, 5058, 5212, 1673, 1008, 45, 11799, 1010, 1570, 2058, 370, 35, 61, 41908, 470, 15, 24, 5, 308, 313, 5528, 2541, 84, 281, 669, 3151, 64, 68, 61, 41908, 393, 3151, 7884, 253, 5052, 12957, 253, 1781, 370, 35, 2911, 38847, 10973, 2324, 3119, 22957, 15, 5317, 905, 926, 15, 19, 696, 18303, 253, 10973, 2324, 3119, 387, 1027, 313, 20188, 10, 7394, 32730, 11962, 432, 253, 1527, 14, 22045, 9459, 4816, 51, 578, 17, 889, 20089, 288, 16, 70, 768, 19, 889, 13960, 2030, 15, 25, 5, 465, 1202, 4153, 7884, 281, 253, 2810, 14, 22045, 9459, 4816, 51, 578, 17, 889, 1266, 288, 16, 70, 768, 19, 724, 558, 1060, 370, 51, 578, 17, 724, 310, 253, 1165, 5077, 5052, 387, 370, 35, 30, 17, 1352, 380, 28088, 4294, 2722, 642, 1818 ]

edge between the contacts on which the magnetoresistance $R$ is measured. Due to the interference of EMPs, generated by different contacts, $R$ oscillates as a function of the parameter $qL$, where $q(\omega,B)$ is the EMP wave-vector and $L$ is the inter-contact distance [@Kukushkin04a]. In strong magnetic fields $q(\omega,B)$ is proportional to $\omega B/n_s$, where $n_{s}$ is the electron density [@Volkov88Eng; @Mikhailov06b]. This leads to the $B$-periodic oscillations with the period $\Delta B\propto n_{s}/\omega L$. This theoretically predicted dependence was confirmed by the experiments [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a]. EMPs have a much smaller damping, as compared to the bulk magnetoplasmons,[@Volkov88Eng; @Mikhailov06b] and, in contrast to the MIRO-ZRS effect, the EMP-related oscillations do not require low temperatures and samples with the very high electron mobility: they were observed at least up to $T\simeq 80$ K [@Kukushkin05a]. These EMP properties make the considered phenomenon especially promising for the creation of miniature microwave frequency-sensitive detectors and spectrometers. The frequency and density dependence of the oscillation period $\Delta B\propto n_{s}/\omega $, experimentally observed in the first papers [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a], was confirmed in a later publication by Stone et al. [@Stone07]. However, in contrast to [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a], they found that $\Delta B$ does not depend on the distance $L$ between the contacts. This contradiction remains unexplained so far; actually, it raises the question which length should be understood under $L$ in the discussed phenomenon. Notice that both in Refs. [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a] and Ref. [@Stone07] $L$ was assumed to be equal to the distance $L_{ab}$ between the points $a$ and $b$ in Figure \[fig.1\](b), i.e. the points where the contact leads (made out of the 2DEG) touch the 2DEG channel. ![\[fig.1\](Color online) (a) A set-up of the device; the current flows from the contact 1 to the contact 2, the voltage is measured between the contacts 3 and 4; a magnetic field $B$ is perpendicular to the 2DEG plane. (b) Geometry of the metallic contact pads (hatched areas), contact leads (areas B) and of the 2DEG (area A); the black vertical element labeled as ‘g’ is the bridge-gate QPC. (c) The longitudinal resistance $R_{1,2;3,4}\equiv R$ at the microwave frequency $f=156$ GHz, temperature $T= 4.2$ K, the gate voltage $V_{g}=-1.39$ V and different values of the microwave power density.](Fig1a.eps "fig:"){width="0.49\columnwidth"} ![\[fig.1\](Color online) (a) A set-up of the device; the current flows from the contact 1 to the contact 2, the voltage is measured between the contacts 3 and 4; a magnetic field $B$ is perpendicular to the 2DEG plane. (b) Geometry of the metallic contact pads (hatched areas), contact leads (areas B) and of the 2DEG (area A); the black vertical element labeled as ‘g’ is the bridge-gate QPC. (c) The longitudinal resistance $R_{1,2;3,4}\equiv R$ at the microwave frequency $f=156$ GHz, temperature $T= 4.2$ K, the gate voltage $V_{g}=-1.39$ V and different values of the microwave power density.](Fig1b.eps "fig:"){width="0.39\columnwidth"}\ ![\[fig.1\](Color online) (a) A set-up of the device; the current flows from the contact 1 to the contact 2, the voltage is measured between the contacts 3 and 4; a magnetic field $B$ is perpendicular to the 2DEG plane. (b) Geometry of the metallic contact pads (hatched areas), contact leads (areas B) and of the 2DEG (area A); the black vertical element labeled as ‘g’ is the bridge-gate QPC. (c) The longitudinal resistance $R_{1,2;3,4}\equiv R$ at the microwave frequency $f=156$ GHz, temperature $T= 4.2$ K, the gate voltage $V_{g}=-1.39$ V and different values of the microwave power density.](Fig1c.eps "fig:"){width="0.9\columnwidth"} In this paper we investigate the EMP-related magnetoresistance oscillations in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum-well structures. Our work differs from the previous publications [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07] in three essential aspects. First, the distance $L_{ab}$ in our samples ($\simeq 60$ $\mu$m) is almost two orders of magnitude shorter than in Refs. [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07]. If the oscillation period was proportional to $1/L_{ab}$, we would observe more than ten times larger period $\Delta B$ than in Refs. [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07]. But in our experiment $\Delta B\simeq 0.1-0.2$ T, which is close to the oscillation periods in [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07]. Second, we have performed a more careful, quantitative comparison of our experimental data with the theory [@Volkov88Eng] and extracted the value of $L$ from the experimental data. It turns out to be of 1 mm scale which is much larger than $L_{ab}$ but is of order of the distance between the metallic contact pads measured along the edge of the 2DEG. Third, our samples were covered by a thin metallic gate forming a bridged-gate quantum point contact (QPC) [@Levin15]. Recently, in Ref. [@Levin15], we have shown (at $B=0$) that the Hall bars with the bridged-gate QPC demonstrate a two-three orders of magnitude higher sensitivity to the microwave irradiation than the structures with a traditional split-gate QPC. In the present work ($B\neq 0$, bridged-gate) we have found a much higher oscillation amplitude of the $B$-periodic oscillations ($\Delta R/R \simeq 7$) than in the ungated structures [@Kukushkin04a; @Kukushkin05a; @Stone07] or in structures with a split-gate QPC [@Dorozhkin05] ($\Delta R/R < 1$). Our results lead to a better understanding of the physics of the EMP-related magnetoresistance oscillations and pave the way to the creation of more efficient frequency sensitive detectors of microwave and terahertz radiation. Our specimens are narrow ($14$ nm) quantum wells with the electron density $n_{s} \simeq 10^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$ and the mobility of $\mu\simeq 1.3\times 10^{6}$ cm$^{2}$/V s at $4.2-1.4$ K. We measure the resistance on a conventional Hall bar patterned structure, which is designed for multi-terminal measurements. The sample consists of three $20$ $\mu$m wide consecutive segments of different length ($60$, $20$, $60$ $\mu$m), and eight voltage probes, see Figure \[fig.1\](a). High quality Ohmic contacts to a 2DEG are made using AuGeNi metalization followed by an annealing. Two thin metallic gates (bridged gate QPCs) are sputtered on the central parts of the left and right segments of the Hall bar. The middle segment was used to measure the resistance of the unpatterned 2D electron gas. Four devices were studied and the similar results were obtained. The measurements were carried out in a VTI cryostat with a waveguide to deliver MW irradiation (the frequency range 110 to 170 GHz, the power density $\sim 1-10$ mW/cm$^2$) down to the sample and by using a conventional lock-in technique to measure the longitudinal resistance $R=R_{1,2;3,4}$. Figure \[fig.1\](c) shows the magnetoresistance of the QPC at the temperature $T=4.2$ K, the frequency $f=156$ GHz and several values of the microwave power attenuation factor. The microwave irradiation leads to the strong suppression of the resistance at zero magnetic field [@Levin15]. At $B\gtrsim 0.7$ T (corresponds to $\omega_c\gtrsim \omega$) the resistance reveals the large $B$-periodic magnetoresistance oscillations. Figure \[fig.2\] illustrates the magnetoresistance at different (fixed) gate voltages varying from the open-contact regime ($R_{0}\lesssim h/e^{2}\simeq 25.8$ k$\Omega$) to the close-contact regime ($R_{0}\gg h/e^{2}$); here $R_{0}$ is the QPC resistance at $B=0$. The oscillation frequency shows no change

[ 452, 7320, 247, 2372, 1512, 1199, 436, 673, 28, 309, 1089, 309, 717, 5015, 949, 619, 629, 285, 439, 2835, 949, 619, 13628, 15, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 3435, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 42, 9403, 1053, 626, 3630, 275, 253, 4131, 533, 253, 1388, 3053, 342, 824, 247, 480, 7391, 309, 1928, 25042, 15, 11056, 310, 20718, 6258, 15, 309, 2389, 436, 13319, 7194, 984, 352, 434, 253, 24746, 13319, 281, 7619, 9113, 323, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 452, 281, 513, 2712, 15, 309, 3365, 22175, 619, 2469, 90, 3168, 1711, 10692, 9246, 407, 9398, 2159, 32353, 13, 285, 840, 823, 247, 5181, 273, 2502, 342, 619, 2502, 32850, 27394, 285, 247, 924, 301, 1541, 273, 4797, 342, 619, 1943, 945, 280, 583, 3904, 15, 733, 434, 1270, 2, 309, 476, 816, 2965, 562, 273, 3722, 285, 320, 4704, 281, 14172, 342, 253, 8937, 44117, 443, 1796, 91, 398, 15, 1310, 309, 1790, 327, 247, 8253, 285, 8386, 619, 9246, 3809, 2217, 597, 1833, 1158, 352, 434, 247, 7908, 15, 187, 187, 6300, 574, 619, 8574, 285, 11726, 1190, 1351, 285, 309, 5485, 253, 2929, 285, 752, 513, 309, 923, 32, 1707, 13, 327, 253, 2914, 3239, 13, 310, 247, 5406, 273, 253, 18422, 964, 964, 964, 275, 521, 795, 433, 64, 27170, 15, 1244, 327, 20718, 6258, 2, 1244, 368, 4282, 2139, 952, 403, 6108, 253, 6412, 15, 16868, 43639, 434, 581, 2181, 13, 533, 627, 434, 642, 16267, 323, 3076, 8142, 15, 380, 637, 30885, 2716, 253, 807, 9398, 3168, 562, 273, 2952, 285, 840, 13, 327, 253, 795, 7053, 1388, 64, 344, 434, 4136, 281, 8251, 3168, 13, 795, 11425, 64, 8251, 3168, 13, 344, 434, 275, 247, 12689, 1059, 31079, 342, 11038, 21526, 285, 12031, 13906, 15, 309, 1871, 1333, 13, 346, 2512, 310, 642, 2656, 937, 533, 309, 2868, 627, 310, 15, 309, 816, 2868, 344, 2057, 2506, 626, 452, 667, 8142, 3282, 390, 344, 556, 521, 23971, 35598, 598, 13, 285, 344, 434, 49294, 625, 6110, 275, 13868, 2151, 685, 275, 20301, 323, 253, 2952, 15, 187, 187, 42, 2389, 253, 747, 18422, 13, 7980, 15, 309, 369, 627, 672, 597, 497, 26086, 779, 15, 309, 369, 11926, 984, 253, 637, 310, 417, 271, 2448, 285, 309, 369, 16060, 690, 26984, 350, 26892, 651, 1478, 323, 253, 1416, 7889, 316, 4742, 15, 309, 943, 2624, 253, 18422, 247, 1652, 37358, 28, 344, 434, 747, 387, 12278, 272, 13, 285, 342, 253, 1711, 18422, 14203, 1475, 253, 33411, 2819, 689, 521, 9215, 13, 15496, 253, 28226, 13, 5046, 344, 434, 1512, 11219, 281, 2075, 4116, 281, 2508, 15, 329, 2257, 273, 952, 1053, 626, 8968, 849, 1892, 352, 310, 281, 320, 247, 18422, 15, 733, 434, 417, 512, 816, 1175, 2069, 285, 9398, 31848, 14445, 285, 34475, 281, 642, 581, 275, 1798, 15, 1893, 309, 1160, 247, 1618, 273, 2442, 13860, 267, 19408, 27, 535, 50276, 18, 15, 9240, 3802, 11599, 33054, 2847, 37566, 1255, 15, 187, 50276, 19, 15, 1707, 403, 642, 21371, 275, 253, 20229, 942, 15, 7900, 1057, 344, 1978, 521, 46317, 2352, 32, 1621, 581, 3198, 247, 42020, 1648, 342, 30099, 5006, 327, 521, 6345, 15, 187, 50276, 20, 15, 754, 1900, 2789, 253, 861, 273, 253, 2831, 342, 521, 987, 4430, 13, 534, 2097, 253, 1669, 581, 556, 642, 6616, 10541, 285, 352, 816, 8696, 627, 2509, 2717, 13, 751, 37073, 23555, 434, 42797, 327, 617, 12142, 2360, 15, 187, 50276, 21, 15, 754, 434, 11485, 3981, 346, 67, 1417, 368, 3, 281, 952, 15, 1737, 1057, 344, 1333, 672, 11853, 16037, 70, 13505, 32, 346, 35, 1417, 368, 13, 11736, 368, 16296, 754, 476, 626, 1333, 13, 346, 27035, 2828, 13, 368, 1694, 256, 1439, 327, 619, 256, 41839, 350, 1476, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 3349, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 6300, 1694, 896, 432, 2509, 247, 5649, 323, 530, 15, 52, 15, 2137, 22129, 285, 309, 1353, 20802, 15, 7243, 247, 807, 309, 1611, 281, 9845, 776, 16545, 29353, 13, 533, 29708, 309, 1928, 253, 2208, 310, 2157, 839, 253, 3904, 247, 2372, 15, 309, 871, 512, 670, 30921, 1689, 2784, 15, 733, 434, 751, 23091, 33240, 7824, 949, 253, 2659, 27304, 15, 11739, 13, 987, 15, 309, 3260, 617, 15, 380, 760, 673, 326, 23331, 1669, 611, 13843, 1299, 21632, 369, 281, 29246, 617, 8365, 5006, 29261, 275, 253, 896, 273, 616, 8458, 15, 1310, 703, 369, 1663, 7824, 949, 27304, 13, 849, 1705, 703, 1620, 1694, 24684, 598, 32, 733, 434, 417, 751, 703, 369, 594, 10182, 28, 703, 14782, 25296, 15, 33240, 369, 1620, 275, 35342, 285, 4962, 347, 271, 689, 11523, 264, 13, 2854, 14, 1911, 1070, 28806, 943, 1128, 615, 1154, 314, 13, 275, 247, 16583, 275, 7785, 15, 187, 187, 42, 5262, 14327, 14, 12071, 2909, 387, 253, 8937, 29668, 4670, 8, 9067, 2820, 281, 5513, 795, 33468, 17239, 434, 44346, 23752, 64, 281, 247, 12190, 273, 439, 22560, 1711, 1821, 665, 11089, 432, 1501, 14, 45134, 4073, 8984, 15, 1876, 273, 731, 5262, 253, 2862, 921, 17197, 762, 616, 9530, 348, 3514, 984, 619, 4318, 17328, 731, 273, 253, 12066, 14829, 19660, 1808, 6929, 775, 9283, 15, 187, 187, 6075, 8140, 13, 309, 7777, 2868, 20718, 6258, 310, 1774, 15, 733, 25264, 479, 273, 849, 1270, 3968, 310, 13, 285, 326, 352, 434, 973, 4409, 8133, 643, 952, 434, 4852, 327, 253, 1386, 281, 4017, 285, 2342, 352, 15, 1310, 352, 10345, 626, 323, 3968, 13, 6691, 27441, 651, 452, 281, 16583, 281, 4047, 281, 1089, 1388, 5299, 8871, 9279, 390, 13970, 3987, 21867, 2510, 390, 3981, 346, 1394, 8416, 865, 281, 6383, 275, 15114, 665, 3176, 281, 320, 275, 642, 1039, 2218, 342, 616, 16961, 15, 313, 2347, 2223, 309, 971, 281, 1333, 281, 841, 6068, 13, 346, 8116, 598, 13, 7924, 13, 309, 1353, 417, 1014, 41927, 2568, 25107, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 3285, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 42, 858, 1633, 309, 1849, 1620, 2218, 1078, 984, 273, 20718, 6258, 8849, 15, 309, 8686, 247, 34489, 285, 3817, 7203, 2716, 745, 15, 309, 2389, 13319, 6224, 984, 2717, 25264, 479, 273, 752, 20718, 6258, 7777, 9572, 323, 751, 247, 34489, 7289, 15, 309, 1904, 626, 1663, 878, 247, 34489, 13, 533, 253, 5107, 281, 755, 247, 5322, 19422, 275, 369, 1512, 1175, 281, 1509, 598, 15, 309, 10090, 987, 1066, 275, 253, 4657, 285, 298, 49277, 4266, 281, 4600, 342, 7906, 273, 849, 253, 564, 24560, 37274, 285, 3998, 47690, 776, 8290, 15, 15222, 13, 849, 812, 309, 2985, 253, 4839, 281, 755, 247, 1943, 14, 42186, 5382, 387, 2456, 2558, 745, 795, 395, 64, 3553, 3882, 3530, 327, 247, 4657, 2120, 273, 26714, 16443, 323, 26636, 281, 4533, 1475, 275, 32, 2596, 625, 2181, 309, 476, 2831, 745, 619, 22205, 1618, 15, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 1884, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 39, 47989, 715, 15878, 18088, 11608, 281, 513, 247, 921, 285, 776, 6415, 369, 767, 3038, 3563, 984, 690, 4688, 601, 1128, 249, 8690, 13, 2564, 368, 1128, 14641, 13395, 432, 271, 346, 343, 12846, 43534, 449, 2071, 303, 4789, 25128, 689, 285, 17571, 672, 253, 8630, 33482, 2183, 779, 597, 1871, 1408, 562, 273, 37105, 15, 1244, 984, 273, 436, 359, 574, 281, 1056, 271, 8945, 15165, 275, 17367, 13, 534, 1663, 39309, 479, 745, 984, 627, 434, 642, 1175, 12701, 627, 285, 309, 1053, 626, 11636, 15, 380, 2236, 264, 982, 2210, 22995, 285, 3597, 281, 47122, 775, 3938, 90, 16955, 15, 13529, 4307, 15, 754, 369, 8577, 4797, 285, 25567, 285, 2686, 4983, 281, 755, 326, 2028, 85, 1079, 346, 42, 1353, 3846, 285, 368, 1472, 417, 26883, 937, 1919, 309, 5125, 8133, 247, 40777, 292, 762, 521, 11480, 15, 831, 1900, 2987, 1077, 973, 275, 619, 2021, 15, 831, 310, 247, 1077, 1175, 2926, 27, 308, 7300, 12447, 12832, 574, 253, 48306, 15460, 275, 617, 718, 672, 703, 36280, 253, 10832, 4584, 434, 9132, 2910, 25749, 15, 1500, 2206, 598, 285, 6940, 323, 1529, 6818, 1107, 13, 465, 460, 24643, 15, 380, 1072, 4592, 342, 775, 538, 2399, 285, 359, 497, 3517, 896, 327, 776, 1039, 15, 187, 187, 42, 2389, 15878, 18088, 13, 512, 253, 1289, 5432, 13, 253, 37845, 454, 13, 253, 1270, 2722, 13, 533, 309, 1871, 14454, 849, 11339, 921, 23660, 84, 403, 15, 1244, 309, 24156, 281, 2656, 597, 1849, 12759, 1014, 331, 484, 1334, 15, 496, 253, 1711, 1897, 597, 497, 594, 21413, 368, 1871, 48733, 731, 407, 7004, 13, 346, 28782, 2, 2101, 437, 353, 14633, 24291, 449, 1244, 597, 4571, 626, 15, 3954, 597, 476, 626, 1014, 15368, 795, 48, 4414, 6813, 6433, 403, 1335, 512, 689, 253, 1659, 285, 309, 1353, 9995, 15, 309, 452, 1900, 7636, 4231, 6433, 15, 2752, 806, 2628, 846, 6831, 369, 2444, 347, 271, 13372, 323, 611, 14776, 378, 2310, 15, 754, 369, 625, 685, 247, 4231, 6876, 15, 416, 15502, 556, 352, 326, 275, 5427, 344, 574, 644, 247, 19859, 41286, 10364, 15, 309, 2868, 436, 984, 521, 36454, 10480, 369, 281, 3785, 247, 7856, 562, 273, 247, 17876, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 1014, 253, 8342, 4231, 6433, 6403, 626, 752, 597, 908, 281, 320, 15, 1583, 908, 281, 513, 247, 4564, 273, 3120, 24866, 13, 23104, 247, 26531, 390, 3047, 247, 1436, 275, 2716, 15, 313, 27656, 5292, 399, 1240, 961, 4581, 326, 38882, 8151, 13, 1904, 626, 344, 14677, 3954, 23448, 616, 24866, 403, 594, 5699, 13, 1142, 273, 731, 1053, 626, 1014, 4944, 715, 921, 12384, 15, 5119, 2434, 3803, 3423, 4824, 327, 285, 1694, 5699, 41958, 984, 344, 1160, 253, 6515, 489, 273, 23583, 346, 3431, 6243, 274, 449, 7967, 49826, 8, 2968, 1128, 48598, 20136, 2058, 893, 1160, 253, 37745, 24819, 398, 15529, 285, 417, 760, 858, 344, 417, 8463, 352, 323, 41958, 13, 344, 1904, 626, 1014, 452, 247, 260, 2259, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4936, 69, 1911, 447, 273, 10721, 273, 2282, 497, 15983, 29976, 2200, 285, 14655, 15, 309, 6337, 715, 15983, 29976, 2200, 3063, 15, 24697, 309, 1904, 626, 1408, 715, 779, 13, 309, 1195, 1882, 689, 779, 15, 754, 369, 7063, 327, 247, 33204, 278, 24886, 281, 2994, 253, 3000, 281, 346, 3848, 307, 10629, 1373, 20150, 1876, 265, 449, 18901, 1580, 616, 769, 9377, 598, 672, 14655, 1694, 6429, 8263, 407, 247, 39121, 13, 15983, 29976, 2200, 556, 644, 247, 12195, 273, 521, 3438, 21653, 1881, 15, 309, 369, 3551, 562, 273, 247, 10301, 275, 253, 8614, 13, 1907, 22186, 253, 17319, 22165, 19608, 25749, 1128, 3964, 327, 4688, 10238, 1128, 395, 627, 369, 15983, 29976, 2200, 13, 33118, 247, 6293, 39517, 34203, 285, 479, 23581, 47680, 2920, 15, 754, 3053, 17800, 285, 16115, 346, 3996, 293, 664, 739, 937, 594, 309, 19347, 779, 247, 4564, 273, 33096, 13, 285, 309, 7428, 1977, 15, 1244, 347, 309, 1669, 309, 3735, 779, 1333, 13, 346, 25438, 8918, 22418, 22418, 8452, 717, 309, 13, 35463, 33718, 32, 3166, 368, 871, 665, 309, 717, 32, 844, 497, 253, 806, 15, 844, 497, 253, 806, 281, 1056, 44536, 1790, 28, 359, 497, 253, 806, 281, 1056, 246, 304, 398, 2353, 15, 844, 497, 253, 806, 281, 452, 1115, 2825, 327, 13311, 1128, 395, 417, 816, 342, 1016, 643, 13, 533, 342, 776, 7583, 8762, 458, 19739, 13, 330, 38574, 15, 1244, 368, 1918, 479, 2620, 8918, 865, 754, 369, 9106, 987, 15, 309, 3543, 594, 8106, 309, 2427, 896, 285, 8231, 1529, 269, 2373, 275, 521, 7856, 285, 753, 13, 346, 37517, 1633, 5322, 323, 330, 38574, 285, 253, 5753, 449, 187, 187, 3788, 58, 4562, 187, 187, 24723, 6129, 552, 27, 187, 187, 25302, 281, 4680, 27, 752, 2238, 273, 247, 12835, 28006, 369, 14655, 281, 755, 6429, 8263, 253, 1039, 344, 858, 32, 4952, 247, 4709, 1417, 28054, 751, 14655, 943, 452, 1929, 344, 369, 2819, 323, 7596, 15, 1422, 19444, 253, 22133, 273, 247, 5699, 39121, 285, 1339, 779, 1408, 1959, 285, 840, 769, 512, 24329, 90, 672, 344, 14177, 281, 6008, 368, 32, 380, 6429, 16292, 369, 14655, 434, 1211, 9331, 15, 313, 18, 10, 754, 285, 15983, 29976, 2200, 943, 452, 10208, 253, 39121, 1078, 253, 921, 15, 313, 19, 10, 754, 285, 15983, 29976, 2200, 943, 417, 452, 16332, 30006, 2160, 968, 15, 313, 20, 10, 754, 285, 15983 ]

have pulled a bit too much this time; I find I am talking through my part and shitting through my ears. MAY 27 Dear Diary: I normally don't write in the morning but the day started with such a jolt I feel compelled. Today is Memorial Day. I love this holiday mainly because it's the easiest holiday to dress correctly for. I don't have to do anything. I simply emphasize my pasty white old lady legs by wearing short shorts, and then add a touch of red with my red spider veins and a smidgen of blue with my big varicose numbers. It's great! I can just fall out of bed and be ready to march with the Old Veteran Geezers. If I sit on a float and kick my legs fast enough they'll think it's a flag. Just had my coffee and Restylane and I opened the paper and what do I see? There, on the front page, is a picture of the Pope . . . in his _red_ outfit. And on Memorial Day! And you wonder why people are leaving the Church. Pedophilia's one thing, but there's no excuse for bad fashion. The man spends half the year wearing white out of season and then, on the _first day_ he's allowed to wear white, _should_ wear white, he's in a scarlet gown with matching tam and slippers. I'd say, "There is no God," but I believe there is. I just believe he either doesn't have any fashion sense or he has his priorities fucked up, and he's mistakenly more interested in saving children than in dressing for the season. I love the new Pope, Francis. I was there when they were naming him. I was worried because the man is not an American and I was scared some jokester cardinal would opt for the name Sandusky. I should cut the Pope a little slack; he's new at Poping, and with the old Pope hanging around the Vatican looking over his shoulder, counting the jewelry, maybe he's too nervous to pay attention to detail. A lot of people don't realize how hard it is to be a Pope. It's not all just good times and wearing fabulous rings and waving to no one in particular. So I made a list of potential papal troubles: 1. Those snappy hats cause baldness. 2. There are no pockets in the vestments. Where does he keep his Altoids? No one needs a pontiff with altar boy on his breath. 3. He always makes the sign of the cross with his right arm, which means the left one has no muscle tone and it just lies there doing nothing, like Katie Holmes's vagina on her wedding night. 4. He's constantly saying "bless you" to people. What does he say when somebody sneezes? "Bless you, bless you"? He can't say, "Jesus Christ, you got snot on my scepter!" MAY 28 Dear Diary: Just got back from doing a benefit for U.S. war veterans and I'm exhausted. Once a year I try to entertain our wounded warriors, but frankly I feel the government is inflating the numbers a bit. I know all about Photoshopping. It's like Princess Diana walking through the land mines. Yeah, right. I knew her. The only time that bitch left Kensington Palace was to bang her Arab boyfriends in the back of their cars. If she was really walking through mines, how come she never got blown up? It's not like she was so careful; she wore heels. Diana was never in peril and died as an oversexed, drug-addled princess should—decently, in a tunnel in Paris. I spent forty-five minutes at the Old Soldiers' Home trying to explain _RuPaul's Drag Race_ to a bunch of shaky old men who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder. All of them spent the entire show hiding under their wheelchairs because my voice reminded them of the Vietcong Tabernacle Choir. Seriously, I truly believe Memorial Day is important. It reminds me of how great America is, and that it's well worth putting other people's lives on the line to protect and defend it. If it weren't for America, Mexicans would have to tunnel to Japan to find day labor picking fruit or trimming hedges or saying "You finish?" to customers in restaurants who appear to be in no way done with their meals. (How often I want to say to these guys, "Back up, Jose, I'm not even chewing yet.") MAY 29 Dear Diary: I did something I've never done before because of Memorial Day weekend. I bought a mattress and box spring half off. I love holiday sales because nothing reminds me of what Memorial Day truly stands for like a mattress sale. I didn't really need a mattress, but the opportunity to get a nice nap in was too good to pass up. I laid right down in the store and lulled myself to sleep with thoughts of how the gooks tortured and brainwashed our boys. Besides, how could I miss the chance to get a big-ticket item at 50 percent off _and_ leave DNA samples on a store full of mattresses for strangers to roll around in? One more thing I can cross off my bucket list. MAY 30 Dear Diary: Flew into Las Vegas tonight to do a show and our plane was two hours late because some fatso—in coach, mind you—collapsed from an "irregular heartbeat." Blimpy doubled over and seized when the flight attendant told him they'd run out of sandwiches. And because of this we had to make an emergency landing in Ontario, which really pissed me off because there's no good shopping there and I don't bowl. The paramedics came aboard and tried to revive Chunky Charlie. Nothing worked. He was turning blue and swelling and actually starting to get that telltale "I'm dead and you're not odor," until I suggested putting a brisket under his nose. This always works very well in my family. This is a very good story: Tanta Rose literally had the formaldehyde needle in her ass when she smelled the undertaker's meatball sandwich. She sat up and lived for another twenty years, kinehora. The same happened with Chubbo and we were soon back on our way. I love Las Vegas, all the glitz, the glamour, the great shows, but I'd forgotten how stupid showgirls are. And I swear to God they've gotten even stupider. In the old days they were so dumb you'd stump them by asking, "Quick! Spell MGM backwards." And they couldn't. Now they can't even spell _O_. Magicians are still all over the place and I'm glad. I have always loved magicians. My first job after college was working as an assistant for Kuda Bux. He was more than a magician. Rumor has it that in India he had been a gynecologist. I believe this because his finale trick was to pull a hat out of a rabbit. But even the plain magicians aren't what they used to be. They used to do a couple of card tricks, bend a spoon or saw a person in half. (Jeffrey Dahmer closed that theatrical feat, didn't he?) Nowadays their tricks are so huge, many of them don't even fit into showrooms. David Copperfield carried on and got huge applause because he made the Statue of Liberty "disappear." Big fuckin' deal—Mohammad Atta made the Twin Towers disappear and not only did he not milk it for applause, he didn't even have a cape. The granddaddies of magic of course were Siegfried and Roy. I ran into Siegfried today. Actually I didn't run into him, I tripped over him. He was sitting on a curb mumbling to himself the words to "Deutschland über Alles." Ever since their act broke up when Roy got mauled by a tiger, Siegfried has been a shadow of his former magical self. I was coming out of a restaurant in the hotel, having eaten the delicious Wayne Newton sandwich—ham on fat bread—and there was Siegfried, cracking a threadbare whip and meowing mournfully. He started crying and singing "Edelweiss," so I slipped him a couple of bucks, and I walked away. And as I left I heard him say, "Five dollars?!?! Who am I, Lance Burton? Do you know who I am? We were the first. We were the first to make lions sit; we were the first to make tigers beg. We were the first to have anal sex onstage—and not just with each other, but with our favorite snow leopard, Cindy. And you give me five dollars?" He was totally right. I felt so guilty I went back and dropped another fiver in his hat and said, "Buy something nice for Cindy and the kids." MAY 31 Dear Diary: Got to thinking: what kind of a fucking idiot was Roy to get mauled the way he did? Even a fearless immigrant like Roy should have known he was looking for trouble. You unlock the cage of a huge tiger and let him run free and then act all pissy when he tries to eat you? The mauling was Roy's own fault. (1) He and Siegfried should have fed the tiger before the show. (2) He and Siegfried should not have worn shiny sequins. (3) He and Sie

[ 42833, 1537, 3959, 10177, 6055, 3066, 48509, 12262, 285, 625, 2175, 275, 436, 3884, 943, 320, 2684, 281, 1071, 436, 6387, 15, 187, 187, 26143, 253, 806, 1263, 9610, 436, 1543, 285, 10620, 342, 247, 4942, 1355, 3410, 1979, 13, 3081, 2074, 2175, 403, 3058, 275, 1340, 281, 6583, 776, 4342, 15, 15222, 13, 253, 1655, 1263, 2216, 310, 7943, 407, 247, 22766, 2363, 2491, 13, 285, 247, 4067, 3410, 1979, 651, 23514, 323, 697, 2538, 15, 496, 1340, 281, 6283, 2939, 48509, 8062, 275, 28611, 13, 247, 14854, 2746, 1563, 253, 1072, 4292, 689, 247, 16707, 673, 2180, 13, 812, 320, 7091, 15, 733, 310, 273, 2201, 6349, 281, 1379, 247, 625, 275, 14, 16719, 1007, 387, 253, 6297, 3212, 253, 48509, 2978, 3910, 13, 285, 1223, 776, 4081, 1566, 273, 3777, 10696, 285, 894, 25759, 310, 1077, 21541, 13, 2173, 9130, 3464, 281, 320, 27819, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 275, 1340, 281, 6283, 2939, 253, 12739, 273, 253, 530, 14922, 14, 43193, 485, 250, 2978, 7844, 275, 15173, 1786, 13, 247, 1263, 15686, 48509, 2978, 285, 29515, 434, 39365, 275, 30243, 1363, 943, 320, 5196, 15, 187, 187, 688, 6452, 13, 359, 812, 10018, 247, 2007, 3048, 875, 29515, 434, 39365, 13, 285, 6830, 10915, 18936, 456, 10370, 42833, 13, 285, 37899, 13, 342, 15075, 327, 5875, 15174, 15, 831, 789, 310, 1774, 672, 7296, 10370, 42833, 347, 247, 3626, 9282, 275, 8615, 40992, 14, 3899, 20038, 6578, 683, 67, 1047, 1092, 347, 352, 35520, 247, 1048, 14, 3945, 5649, 327, 247, 7842, 285, 5787, 1268, 15, 187, 187, 22025, 285, 13277, 187, 18613, 187, 187, 18961, 16510, 285, 3410, 9008, 187, 39421, 187, 187, 1552, 1263, 369, 247, 1083, 14, 8519, 1263, 313, 1549, 1363, 275, 1016, 1387, 10, 387, 247, 2014, 9145, 275, 21753, 15, 380, 1263, 369, 2684, 387, 253, 4487, 273, 15022, 37120, 1497, 273, 253, 8710, 2499, 273, 26229, 285, 5705, 313, 15617, 1453, 285, 28611, 10, 497, 17875, 875, 17796, 16, 6759, 285, 14805, 16, 6620, 407, 1480, 12089, 313, 14696, 249, 16431, 13, 32482, 285, 8778, 398, 10, 285, 432, 253, 7811, 434, 2256, 5447, 15, 187, 187, 34, 2264, 273, 12842, 5705, 313, 3767, 285, 2255, 10, 432, 253, 2087, 3072, 497, 17875, 846, 247, 9273, 8368, 1690, 6728, 9548, 2193, 323, 13850, 14, 23897, 47162, 3700, 511, 313, 7072, 14, 9334, 582, 47665, 3700, 511, 313, 29526, 582, 44928, 366, 32609, 47640, 313, 17643, 582, 32109, 28421, 313, 9803, 41, 582, 28790, 30577, 13, 285, 2614, 1385, 1690, 38202, 6954, 13, 23754, 20491, 13, 285, 47293, 406, 902, 15, 496, 3444, 6866, 497, 2622, 6728, 1159, 13, 5928, 273, 7928, 285, 6722, 2728, 13, 285, 2363, 875, 1384, 285, 5096, 1107, 15, 37235, 342, 6728, 13, 2798, 390, 12333, 2515, 13, 23754, 23575, 13, 8401, 13, 448, 1306, 77, 334, 38875, 13, 1963, 811, 26754, 13, 2892, 273, 13440, 2728, 313, 36, 8528, 582, 2923, 13, 10470, 13, 13622, 3520, 2425, 13, 285, 667, 12358, 326, 1537, 6990, 6728, 11082, 347, 973, 347, 14590, 25943, 313, 21, 283, 22, 3618, 2720, 253, 2614, 10491, 10, 497, 10432, 15, 1284, 271, 1774, 10401, 5199, 13, 5705, 497, 2424, 281, 3426, 9166, 1186, 76, 1179, 11096, 25006, 14, 26324, 327, 253, 1388, 17691, 2614, 10491, 13, 4283, 281, 2559, 6658, 530, 14922, 2308, 275, 5928, 273, 6728, 2728, 683, 67, 1787, 1570, 380, 17705, 323, 1387, 17621, 313, 42665, 6291, 434, 39365, 390, 1453, 1387, 582, 369, 1754, 327, 247, 25006, 6658, 10915, 18936, 456, 10370, 42833, 313, 10579, 35, 10, 4719, 273, 12667, 390, 4398, 1166, 15, 18, 1186, 3955, 17071, 16, 45, 2975, 13, 4080, 407, 1029, 14, 24159, 5558, 19849, 313, 41, 21271, 481, 6610, 13, 5705, 497, 31539, 323, 253, 28611, 285, 1453, 1387, 285, 13373, 407, 2363, 285, 8645, 281, 906, 275, 3387, 1186, 3767, 285, 1384, 2255, 275, 1097, 2390, 13, 2975, 13, 534, 13806, 253, 12340, 273, 28611, 13466, 275, 253, 3072, 683, 67, 1010, 1570, 187, 187, 510, 1263, 369, 7012, 407, 253, 46665, 7039, 273, 253, 8710, 2499, 273, 26229, 285, 253, 4214, 8896, 273, 26229, 45637, 883, 1540, 16, 6759, 10, 285, 5196, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 7012, 9600, 407, 253, 27113, 273, 34159, 15, 1876, 5705, 2530, 3542, 8191, 7578, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 1016, 2256, 13, 25006, 2614, 3530, 497, 5728, 327, 247, 2014, 8120, 13, 247, 4869, 273, 767, 2129, 1563, 253, 9273, 1071, 15, 26394, 497, 8392, 407, 8097, 554, 27206, 285, 247, 10844, 23916, 18629, 13, 715, 33946, 13, 8182, 14, 49749, 19881, 285, 6658, 5809, 307, 39982, 313, 55, 317, 86, 5464, 611, 95, 19, 95, 1703, 7656, 285, 1503, 30028, 16925, 2975, 13, 13729, 7068, 16181, 14, 531, 38230, 481, 26394, 497, 7141, 275, 4484, 285, 3644, 285, 9674, 11742, 13, 281, 4917, 37711, 4225, 17711, 10445, 313, 40338, 2614, 13, 6532, 13, 6658, 481, 380, 37711, 1502, 497, 7141, 387, 4150, 1438, 1186, 3272, 36, 1919, 2007, 1783, 15, 187, 187, 6052, 41762, 2614, 44763, 1341, 313, 49, 8417, 6072, 10, 497, 7011, 432, 33946, 2614, 970, 2070, 44612, 81, 9712, 17080, 313, 37680, 7068, 9015, 581, 582, 407, 29691, 2556, 281, 253, 11662, 434, 7997, 285, 11974, 7019, 342, 6749, 14, 32538, 13626, 15, 11641, 1385, 285, 17036, 369, 5998, 970, 253, 15358, 4029, 4797, 14978, 1071, 327, 247, 8240, 405, 24689, 456, 894, 4828, 313, 14660, 20174, 481, 15993, 497, 37711, 4225, 275, 24250, 4646, 313, 39, 4449, 1186, 12, 1186, 740, 6, 29864, 10, 285, 27336, 13237, 281, 4150, 1438, 1186, 3272, 36, 970, 25714, 10772, 313, 23270, 5228, 481, 187, 187, 37701, 1658, 7480, 6341, 187, 28388, 187, 187, 15542, 272, 4898, 369, 4080, 1293, 12682, 281, 253, 5275, 470, 15, 22, 1186, 3591, 342, 247, 6264, 331, 11282, 11955, 313, 4538, 66, 13, 38343, 13, 6176, 582, 285, 2133, 2280, 369, 6760, 342, 247, 5865, 4311, 313, 35, 33424, 18450, 13, 22188, 5741, 13, 26653, 13, 16333, 10, 281, 253, 5275, 470, 15, 18, 1186, 5840, 342, 5705, 19679, 14186, 285, 8050, 8938, 15, 15481, 369, 5118, 347, 253, 4313, 875, 253, 2801, 4080, 275, 44068, 285, 253, 6278, 273, 253, 4898, 4080, 275, 17249, 15, 1916, 3653, 2133, 5889, 313, 14557, 2148, 285, 4688, 2280, 10, 16181, 34502, 16009, 264, 593, 10330, 313, 35, 5236, 10, 369, 908, 13, 534, 556, 644, 2011, 281, 2085, 9630, 941, 273, 2133, 5889, 275, 5301, 281, 38405, 14, 35515, 1594, 14, 1402, 16508, 263, 431, 74, 6213, 313, 33321, 34, 43189, 67, 1839, 1570, 33370, 369, 2684, 275, 253, 4131, 846, 271, 13463, 3809, 970, 247, 33370, 25113, 8260, 5307, 14, 52, 313, 3233, 14, 8982, 38230, 13, 399, 1513, 38148, 13, 6176, 481, 187, 187, 30456, 1794, 18334, 187, 22928, 187, 187, 45, 2373, 12807, 313, 17643, 13, 39346, 13, 13850, 14, 9334, 13, 418, 13432, 582, 6871, 13, 8388, 902, 249, 13, 811, 27480, 249, 13, 7492, 1714, 89, 249, 13, 419, 431, 20491, 13, 2860, 6711, 24929, 13, 23884, 313, 383, 36257, 13, 29127, 13, 308, 5648, 13, 1195, 1970, 24085, 1406, 460, 13, 10386, 41636, 249, 10, 497, 15626, 275, 253, 10934, 5161, 9965, 273, 253, 4675, 313, 33264, 316, 8255, 361, 3382, 18090, 5127, 398, 432, 17600, 1342, 24369, 350, 10, 285, 4080, 327, 253, 1388, 273, 2614, 10491, 15, 2639, 3364, 90, 23754, 20491, 313, 5915, 14, 42636, 10, 369, 4080, 3587, 432, 36327, 1025, 726, 45324, 13, 970, 247, 2614, 3678, 5127, 254, 329, 5993, 18450, 313, 51, 11282, 11955, 13, 2652, 7256, 79, 1200, 7256, 75, 13, 22783, 481, 187, 187, 2447, 32940, 10370, 42833, 6814, 407, 32230, 187, 39421, 187, 187, 6075, 360, 3530, 323, 530, 14922, 6814, 497, 7141, 275, 3644, 17080, 13, 4745, 846, 9712, 13, 347, 2529, 3786, 683, 67, 1787, 1570, 914, 32940, 10370, 42833, 285, 47086, 497, 4080, 275, 6658, 3530, 13, 970, 247, 1029, 14, 24159, 5558, 15346, 2047, 313, 23030, 777, 13, 14473, 23712, 13, 3905, 1779, 409, 13, 26229, 13, 21753, 10, 13496, 342, 247, 2359, 26206, 853, 3781, 13562, 313, 49, 4877, 13, 41675, 324, 24069, 43508, 285, 247, 10188, 261, 330, 1093, 32230, 5084, 313, 21, 6256, 23, 1186, 6027, 1186, 8970, 1186, 2188, 13, 495, 1186, 22588, 10, 342, 247, 7434, 911, 330, 1093, 32230, 7496, 5084, 313, 21, 6256, 17, 1186, 6027, 1186, 20, 6256, 17, 1186, 2188, 481, 24046, 9008, 285, 1783, 497, 2684, 347, 3786, 3863, 683, 67, 1787, 1570, 914, 32940, 10370, 42833, 285, 23754, 249, 313, 15617, 48688, 15317, 3060, 13, 33334, 28287, 13, 26763, 1225, 603, 13, 5591, 10, 5608, 347, 6024, 7465, 15, 187, 187, 14344, 10370, 42833, 369, 5118, 432, 6658, 530, 14922, 285, 24641, 2308, 13, 970, 247, 7212, 26604, 2530, 407, 3196, 15, 7949, 13917, 443, 11105, 249, 285, 3196, 15, 1639, 22172, 48669, 487, 13890, 15, 187, 187, 40, 4462, 2839, 6728, 3410, 9008, 187, 30282, 187, 187, 40105, 33331, 343, 538, 1758, 11060, 46511, 7600, 313, 938, 275, 2264, 13, 898, 10798, 285, 1903, 10753, 582, 36152, 323, 247, 10577, 275, 475, 54, 9334, 18, 34, 18, 2992, 285, 253, 1072, 1180, 273, 5222, 706, 300, 343, 538, 1758, 11060, 411, 43418, 7600, 13, 37754, 323, 247, 10577, 275, 475, 54, 9334, 18, 34, 18, 2992, 497, 2797, 432, 8444, 2499, 275, 41577, 313, 6140, 3611, 13, 21647, 4687, 10, 285, 48364, 303, 255, 1025, 275, 253, 19050, 9509, 273, 253, 8710, 2499, 273, 26229, 313, 41, 303, 4978, 13, 21753, 481, 380, 5074, 497, 24981, 275, 8013, 41459, 313, 13815, 1102, 251, 1511, 8019, 28, 6439, 7070, 505, 582, 762, 2629, 2515, 313, 1348, 1186, 3069, 1186, 18, 1186, 3272, 36, 13, 25672, 2456, 1186, 3069, 1186, 22, 1186, 3272, 36, 13, 1249, 1186, 73, 1708, 16, 19001, 5880, 10, 285, 10208, 342, 247, 2629, 6196, 313, 859, 79, 1648, 416, 16, 46, 14, 41, 9052, 42111, 255, 28, 256, 11489, 1648, 8598, 91, 451, 5168, 1392, 1866, 10, 285, 475, 324, 5135, 47599, 11, 2289, 281, 5352, 1824, 15, 380, 5074, 497, 31548, 387, 253, 818, 283, 25, 14, 11151, 273, 2363, 15, 380, 1263, 369, 7012, 407, 253, 9353, 273, 5893, 4679, 273, 253, 29535, 7671, 13421, 273, 6875, 285, 5489, 313, 8417, 39, 14, 2526, 15, 7174, 16, 19765, 14, 2267, 16, 20, 67, 16, 7330, 582, 285, 369, 4824, 562, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 7012, 9600, 15, 25847, 5282, 6728, 3530, 13, 497, 908, 323, 3882, 11998, 15, 2732, 289, 1403, 272, 13, 417, 625, 685, 1384, 1186, 7913, 2839, 6728, 369, 21792, 285, 26222, 1025, 275, 39346, 6391, 313, 37, 6560, 7077, 14169, 285, 39218, 12418, 13, 1165, 42, 2696, 1400, 10, 285, 20112, 511, 611, 15, 380, 3530, 497, 10729, 387, 5345, 1186, 3272, 36, 13463, 13, 1919, 3426, 33148, 15, 3882, 11998, 369, 6312, 253, 1735, 1388, 13, 970, 253, 6119, 11662, 434, 2629, 7241, 15, 367, 5051, 273, 253, 3530, 369, 3413, 407, 20877, 351, 1658, 5307, 68, 40147, 11955, 313, 32245, 15317, 582, 285, 4021, 42194, 3882, 4719, 369, 4080, 407, 3277, 11924, 43493, 263, 8942, 20505, 8354, 4155, 313, 19262, 3604, 481, 187, 187, 2214, 530, 14922, 6814, 13, 1341, 285, 4408, 3530, 497, 26222, 1025, 275, 32230, 6109, 3408, 285, 5480, 347, 2529, 275, 253, 2045, 12494, 15, 20112, 6299, 497, 4080, 970, 253, 36890, 25519, 313, 6199, 19811, 5969, 582, 347, 17189, 407, 253, 11662, 15, 187, 187, 8354, 11998, 432, 367, 8417, 6072, 285, 4719, 6814, 187, 48151, 187, 187, 8354, 432, 1966, 367, 8417, 6072, 369, 10375, 432, 767, 3041, 1341, 13, 970, 399, 6560, 7077, 14169, 285, 39218, 12418, 313, 43232, 2696, 1400, 582, 2556, 281, 11662, 434, 7997, 15, 3882, 4719, 369, 4080, 970, 253, 3277, 11924, 43493, 263, 8942, 20505, 8354, 4155, 313, 19262, 3604, 582, 347, 247, 5340, 14, 3169, 6981, 15, 329, 3632, 8578, 273, 3530, 497, 4080, 970, 42026, 24475, 5307, 68, 40147, 11955, 313, 32245, 15317, 10, 285, 3882, 12974, 369, 5998, 407, 39086, 9480, 27273, 15, 26394, 497, 7141, 387, 4150, 938, 1186, 3272, 36, 13, 323, 642, 3356, 685, 721, 2607, 2720, 281, 1783, 15, 187, 187, 49805, 48509, 2978, 6814, 275, 367, 8417, 6072, 407, 31855, 187, 6154, 7040, 187, 187, 43017, 485, 250, 2978, 6814, 369, 2684, 347, 2529, 683, 67, 1867, 1092, 342, 14586, 15, 35775, 13, 19058, 7941, 16551 ]

irubin might offer cardiac protection via telomere targeting and more studies in this direction should be performed to test this possibility. Being the first study reporting this results and dealing with a relatively small sample size, additional similar studies are needed in order to confirm our findings. Besides, the current study design is characterized by a heterogeneous age range, and a larger sample size would compensate for its effects. In order to properly assess telomere dynamics in GS, a longitudinal approach following the same individuals over a prolonged time period, could be employed. It is of major importance to take a more in-depth look at the mechanisms behind the telomere length differences, and while our proposed model of reduced inflammation and cell turnover is very plausible, specific pathways remain to be uncovered. In addition, in order to properly assess the implications of the UCB-telomere length axis in CV health, a study investigating telomere length and Gilbert's Syndrome in CVD patients should be conducted. In conclusion, we could observe a further link between Gilbert's Syndrome, and possibly unconjugated bilirubin, and longevity, with emphasis on healthy aging. This work is important when considering bilirubin as a natural therapeutic in fighting cardio-metabolic diseases[@b14], as it emphasizes a long-term benefit on a cellular and molecular level. Materials and Methods ===================== Subject recruitment and sample preparation ------------------------------------------ This study was a case-control study (60 patients in each group) at a single centre in Austria. The study was performed at the Department of Clinical Pharmacology of the Medical University of Vienna and subjects (both control and GS) were recruited between 06/2014 and 01/2015 by direct advertising (bulletin boards, posters and flyers) and from the department's subject database. A total of 128 subjects (men and women) from the general population were recruited after a screening examination including liver enzyme values for γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase, and blood count including reticulocytes, haemoglobin, and haematocrit. Inclusion criteria were normal liver function, absence of acute and chronic disease, and age between 20 and 80 years. Subjects with liver, heart or kidney conditions, haemolysis, diabetes, cholelithiasis, organ transplants, history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, smoking, excessive physical activity, and any medication that might alter liver metabolism as well as vitamin supplementation (4--5 weeks prior the blood sampling) were excluded. As an important diagnostic procedure, subjects were required to complete 400 kcal restricted fasting-protocol on the day preceding blood sampling, leading to increased serum UCB levels in absence of liver disease[@b37]. The criterion for group allocation (Gilbert's Syndrome or control group), was based on a fasting serum unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) concentration of ≥ or \<17.1 μmol/L respectively, measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, subjects were stratified for the GS and control group and matched by age and gender to result in 40 men and 20 women in both groups, respectively, which reflects the occurrence of GS phenotype in the population[@b15]. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Medical University of Vienna and the General Hospital of Vienna (\#1164/2014) and conducted in accordance with the approved guidelines by the Declaration of Helsinki. All subjects provided written informed consent. For each subject, fasting blood samples were collected on a single occasion, a maximum of two week following the screening test. Samples were drawn by venepuncture and a peripheral venous catheter, into EDTA, Li-Heparin and serum vacutainers (Vacuette K~2~EDTA and Z Serum Sep respectively, Greiner Bio-one GmbH). Samples were stored in cool and dark and subsequently processed, to yield aliquoted fractions thereof (whole blood, plasma, serum). The aliquots were stored at −80 °C until further analysis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from EDTA blood using Leucosep separation tubes (Greiner bio one), by centrifugation according to the manufacturer's instructions and washed twice with ice-cold PBS. Cell count and viability was estimated using the Trypan blue exclusion test on a Countess Automated cell counter (Life Technologies). Cells were aliquoted in freezing medium (FBS + 10% DMSO) and cooled gradually to −80 °C using CoolCell (Biozym). Anthropometric measurements --------------------------- Standing height was measured without shoes to the nearest 0.5 cm with a commercial stadiometer (Seca, Hamburg, Germany), and body mass was evaluated with a digital scale (BWB 700, Tanita, Amsterdam, Netherlands) to the nearest 0.1 kg with subjects lightly dressed and barefoot. BMI was calculated as the ratio between the weight measured in kilograms and the square of the height measured in meters. To determine body composition (muscle and fat mass) Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA) was used, which has been shown to provide reliable data of body composition in comparison to Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)[@b38]. BIA was performed in the morning after an overnight fast using a BIA Analyzer 2000-S (Data-Input GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany). Blood biochemistry ------------------ Liver enzymes (AST, ALT, γ-GT, LDH), iron, ferritin, transferrin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, homocysteine, hormones (estradiol, testosterone, TSH, triiodthyronine, thyroxin) were analysed in the routine core laboratory of the hospital (Olympus 5400 clinical chemistry analysers from Beckman Coulter) and measured on the day of blood sampling. Carboxy haemoglobin (CO-Hb) was measured directly from heparinized syringes, using a blood gas analyser ABL 700 (Radiometer, Brønshøj, Denmark). Unconjugated bilirubin measurement by HPLC ------------------------------------------ Serum samples for UCB measurement were stored in dark tubes, immediately after separation, as described previously[@b37]. Unconjugated bilirubin and heme were measured in serum samples, using a high-performance liquid chromatograph (Merck, Hitachi, LaChrom, Vienna, Austria) equipped with a photodiode array detector (PDA, Shimadzu,) and a Fortis C18 HPLC column (4·6 × 150 mm, 3 μm) with a phenomenex C18 HPLC guard column (4·0 × 3·0 mm). Sample preparation and analysis were performed as previously published[@b37]. Unconjugated bilirubin and haemin (both Frontier Scientific Europe, Carnforth, Lancashire, UK) served as external standards. Free bilirubin was calculated from serum UCB and albumin levels, using a formula kindly provided by Dr. Silvia Gazzin and Dr. Claudio Tiribelli. Gunn rat liver sample preparation --------------------------------- Hyperbilirubinaemic Gunn rats (20 in total, 9 males and 11 females), homozygous for a mutation in *UGT1A1*, and the same number of normobilirubinaemic Wistar rats, heterozygous for a mutation in *UGT1A1*, were obtained from Charles University in Prague (Prague, Czech Republic) and acclimatized in the breeding facility of the Medical University of Vienna (Himberg, Austria). The animals were housed in plastic cages (Macrolon type IV; Techniplast), under standard conditions (24 ± 1 °C, humidity 50 ± 5 °C, 12 h light/dark cycle) and fed with a standard diet (ssniff R/M-H Extrudat; ssniff Spezialdiäten) and *ad libitum* access to fresh water. The animals were sacrificed at the 7--8-week of age. The study was approved by the committee of animal experiments of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research (BMF-66.006/0008-II/3b/2011), and was carried out in accordance with the approved guidelines. Frozen liver samples, were used for DNA extraction. After thawing, not more than 20 mg rat liver was harvested and homogenized in ALT buffer (DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit, QIAGEN) and Proteinase K. The samples were incubated at 37 °C overnight, until complete lysis. DNA extraction was completed the next day, using the kit manufacturer's standard protocol. Purity of the samples was determined by Nanodrop 2000c spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific), and double stranded DNA concentration was measured by QuantiFluor® dsDNA System (Promega). For UCB measurement, cells and tissue samples were homogenized in HPLC mobile phase and prepared as described in the previous paragraph. Protein concentrations were measured using the Bradford reagent (Sigma Aldrich), as instructed by the manufacturer. DNA extraction from PBMCs and concentration measurement ------------------------------------------------------- DNA from human PBMCs was extracted from two million cells, using DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (QIAGEN), according to manufacturer's instructions. DNA concentration was measured using the QuantiFluor® dsDNA System (Promega), as a plate-based assay. A random subset of samples were measured using NanoDrop 2000c spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific) and DNA integrity was estimated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Samples were stored at −20 °C, for no longer than 6 months prior to analysis. Absolute telomere length measurement in PBMCs by qPCR ----------------------------------------------------- Telomere length measurement was performed as described[@b39], with modifications. Shortly, SYBR Select

[ 1110, 17059, 285, 8230, 634, 2564, 15, 187, 187, 11, 13665, 634, 10216, 1271, 285, 1007, 323, 1491, 326, 7881, 731, 15, 2752, 10216, 1271, 403, 326, 309, 1158, 7464, 310, 42837, 13, 326, 5602, 2697, 310, 2192, 11317, 839, 13, 326, 34619, 310, 11527, 13, 326, 362, 303, 310, 1805, 685, 802, 18944, 13, 285, 802, 18944, 310, 1805, 685, 26705, 84, 13, 285, 1789, 11259, 310, 247, 4242, 22199, 15, 1893, 309, 1007, 562, 323, 7774, 326, 452, 247, 1027, 1127, 273, 1859, 15, 309, 1849, 6311, 326, 9664, 556, 690, 1663, 4722, 4302, 13, 326, 8217, 310, 2192, 11317, 839, 1014, 281, 697, 1211, 4212, 533, 352, 2506, 626, 2647, 984, 597, 1472, 7063, 327, 253, 1533, 434, 5962, 19176, 273, 14838, 14874, 13, 326, 34619, 310, 3798, 15279, 533, 13949, 4217, 13, 326, 465, 518, 415, 70, 310, 1014, 1805, 685, 362, 303, 13, 285, 326, 12445, 18726, 670, 752, 1789, 11259, 1014, 310, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 38, 603, 64, 35, 507, 31622, 187, 3, 6082, 11259, 310, 247, 4242, 22199, 3, 187, 187, 6968, 1051, 259, 16114, 32, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 1785, 264, 89, 187, 4943, 434, 271, 8813, 432, 32252, 8524, 1080, 74, 27, 187, 60, 3614, 1358, 90, 483, 86, 15, 1257, 16, 40, 30424, 4280, 20, 54, 3610, 83, 54, 32, 85, 30, 21, 78, 1235, 84, 880, 3614, 1358, 90, 483, 86, 15, 1257, 16, 40, 30424, 4280, 20, 54, 3610, 83, 54, 32, 85, 30, 21, 78, 1235, 84, 10, 187, 187, 5035, 671, 10035, 3162, 251, 313, 19217, 9966, 1214, 6995, 297, 8311, 317, 12568, 2262, 187, 60, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 24583, 15, 681, 16, 13060, 32, 87, 30, 83, 57, 17, 1147, 55, 8199, 75, 41, 68, 880, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 24583, 15, 681, 16, 13060, 32, 87, 30, 83, 57, 17, 1147, 55, 8199, 75, 41, 68, 10, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 59, 303, 16758, 187, 1394, 6403, 626, 1469, 281, 755, 247, 2257, 273, 1329, 323, 473, 48, 275, 5053, 835, 352, 3548, 626, 187, 28235, 3309, 751, 3958, 13, 285, 3340, 3958, 342, 2014, 12259, 15, 2058, 187, 3529, 1127, 253, 4323, 273, 941, 310, 327, 253, 13722, 15, 48627, 581, 310, 187, 84, 16948, 326, 604, 597, 7435, 598, 253, 941, 13, 326, 434, 327, 731, 15, 187, 187, 4985, 310, 24783, 275, 16100, 3694, 835, 627, 403, 8783, 273, 12259, 665, 778, 187, 1439, 2096, 2139, 1841, 403, 253, 1039, 597, 403, 13, 597, 816, 878, 281, 513, 187, 17873, 15, 496, 1943, 13, 2570, 2718, 835, 247, 2257, 273, 1841, 403, 1469, 327, 13, 604, 368, 187, 31089, 3095, 247, 642, 583, 13, 597, 588, 10913, 3746, 15, 473, 48, 476, 4017, 941, 432, 690, 187, 9, 1171, 2282, 417, 512, 10, 46504, 9099, 15, 187, 187, 4485, 187, 67, 3649, 28286, 187, 17964, 2030, 57, 634, 7970, 9100, 285, 368, 476, 11585, 15, 1310, 368, 1718, 281, 6233, 818, 6, 16, 6147, 187, 9, 251, 1323, 72, 582, 368, 476, 10687, 577, 6, 11654, 15, 187, 187, 5703, 253, 1984, 380, 19743, 12899, 281, 844, 1295, 13, 390, 253, 30486, 275, 436, 5311, 1501, 15, 187, 187, 60, 2413, 1358, 2700, 15, 78, 1109, 531, 1105, 461, 2679, 15, 681, 16, 6755, 16, 520, 16, 1012, 16, 783, 14, 35492, 5356, 14, 187, 3549, 26635, 2413, 1358, 2700, 15, 78, 1109, 531, 1105, 461, 2679, 15, 681, 16, 6755, 16, 520, 16, 1012, 16, 783, 14, 35492, 5356, 14, 19583, 14, 679, 14, 187, 44666, 14, 18579, 14, 1221, 36728, 21714, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 31169, 962, 1914, 187, 18179, 3780, 5513, 436, 247, 1652, 323, 479, 13, 4496, 32, 187, 187, 10795, 436, 1599, 368, 5321, 11456, 6, 273, 634, 6021, 285, 760, 897, 818, 6, 32, 187, 187, 4509, 253, 4422, 13, 627, 310, 247, 4216, 326, 2722, 849, 1142, 1107, 368, 24628, 187, 9802, 281, 5321, 323, 15072, 533, 352, 1057, 417, 1379, 715, 2395, 253, 4588, 187, 19581, 368, 1056, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 247, 346, 30986, 1528, 3, 1474, 13, 604, 368, 5321, 10694, 6, 273, 1594, 759, 50166, 368, 1335, 452, 759, 50166, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 14440, 462, 836, 1615, 47285, 187, 510, 818, 6, 310, 14339, 281, 253, 2281, 273, 1091, 327, 634, 18900, 15, 754, 310, 2403, 187, 783, 9376, 326, 604, 368, 1718, 370, 2313, 275, 253, 5739, 2791, 327, 4247, 337, 13, 840, 187, 251, 7659, 4562, 634, 2395, 588, 452, 370, 12224, 275, 352, 15, 831, 9376, 310, 271, 3388, 187, 1189, 1142, 1107, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 310, 247, 1846, 4086, 273, 17300, 275, 253, 23415, 1533, 326, 368, 476, 15792, 187, 12163, 577, 6, 247, 807, 432, 634, 18900, 285, 597, 588, 4035, 281, 1756, 15, 313, 24, 6, 187, 2309, 19734, 577, 6, 10687, 932, 2097, 368, 452, 495, 6, 625, 275, 253, 2395, 1016, 807, 10, 187, 187, 1147, 2506, 626, 2647, 752, 634, 14898, 310, 15, 1310, 368, 403, 247, 19394, 13722, 665, 187, 46535, 5096, 76, 247, 807, 285, 30885, 2456, 76, 247, 807, 13, 840, 368, 943, 5321, 2030, 89, 1235, 76, 30, 18, 15, 1099, 22009, 187, 395, 840, 368, 642, 3356, 452, 281, 789, 323, 247, 3811, 15, 831, 1232, 588, 1379, 1107, 187, 263, 8007, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 59, 14, 56, 301, 48951, 187, 28782, 1953, 15, 1680, 253, 5096, 76, 271, 1650, 368, 13222, 562, 13, 390, 247, 5272, 2408, 187, 1542, 247, 19394, 1474, 281, 1056, 32, 13658, 323, 247, 247, 4260, 14, 10306, 2567, 275, 253, 187, 27121, 13, 3345, 273, 34413, 10947, 15, 187, 187, 26747, 2444, 347, 247, 19394, 1474, 285, 253, 8474, 1474, 84, 1928, 309, 1353, 2403, 1679, 187, 14644, 309, 943, 320, 15, 6758, 310, 1199, 1679, 685, 326, 5096, 76, 15, 380, 760, 15985, 255, 1146, 326, 187, 2577, 11169, 310, 671, 10054, 323, 629, 273, 619, 35096, 313, 484, 281, 247, 2781, 273, 370, 28306, 247, 187, 2913, 481, 36145, 13, 436, 4455, 751, 247, 12524, 2572, 342, 752, 309, 369, 2403, 13, 187, 2858, 6240, 326, 608, 76, 281, 619, 16610, 285, 309, 1353, 1335, 17663, 2822, 253, 5096, 76, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 15950, 562, 436, 4385, 347, 352, 3133, 751, 352, 651, 320, 12912, 281, 643, 187, 30986, 1528, 1474, 84, 281, 452, 247, 4023, 30844, 2408, 281, 5310, 323, 15, 22469, 643, 2616, 187, 1993, 715, 436, 313, 70, 15, 72, 15, 11723, 13, 4328, 13, 3966, 481, 831, 816, 3133, 751, 247, 12524, 187, 1993, 281, 1642, 1293, 10155, 10334, 3288, 342, 1980, 1474, 84, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 431, 78, 550, 187, 1147, 434, 9090, 4328, 7976, 13, 533, 275, 954, 667, 1766, 19275, 1982, 2846, 313, 3251, 4046, 13, 187, 20990, 332, 13, 16916, 13, 3966, 2698, 247, 19394, 1474, 943, 320, 2403, 387, 1878, 5096, 76, 5734, 597, 187, 609, 7777, 4759, 15, 187, 187, 4485, 187, 69, 538, 187, 42, 22276, 19394, 12259, 326, 627, 403, 8558, 767, 3064, 875, 247, 187, 30986, 1528, 285, 8474, 13722, 27, 187, 187, 18, 10, 329, 8474, 13722, 310, 440, 2320, 46088, 273, 417, 8958, 1841, 15, 2091, 359, 6604, 247, 747, 187, 22035, 390, 2567, 13, 359, 1472, 347, 3663, 347, 667, 19394, 13722, 14167, 731, 2285, 15, 844, 187, 1945, 347, 1142, 3533, 347, 3309, 281, 755, 776, 789, 2218, 8069, 13, 1293, 187, 1200, 482, 390, 4709, 273, 2819, 24924, 323, 417, 8958, 1841, 2168, 15, 844, 403, 1175, 187, 255, 12203, 949, 32139, 2127, 67, 1169, 281, 4677, 562, 849, 597, 789, 15, 187, 187, 19, 10, 329, 8474, 13722, 313, 263, 667, 19303, 1436, 10, 310, 1175, 387, 3981, 642, 15, 6491, 187, 9846, 1642, 323, 625, 273, 634, 673, 685, 368, 476, 18345, 15, 1422, 476, 15492, 533, 18648, 187, 19506, 642, 13, 1480, 952, 11358, 313, 43663, 582, 390, 1642, 952, 281, 2319, 342, 634, 187, 20649, 1880, 625, 273, 634, 673, 476, 320, 18564, 281, 1361, 731, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 9903, 255, 75, 187, 42, 651, 9059, 24741, 281, 1333, 642, 310, 752, 36158, 19394, 432, 8474, 15, 187, 187, 688, 619, 2793, 352, 2686, 5644, 281, 12576, 17327, 1146, 19848, 247, 2257, 273, 2069, 187, 11952, 1677, 21413, 6493, 3095, 943, 452, 753, 642, 281, 15, 2635, 2127, 2278, 187, 1811, 84, 1475, 285, 253, 36710, 403, 751, 773, 5371, 310, 436, 668, 285, 627, 457, 84, 247, 21413, 3819, 15, 187, 45, 311, 15, 8948, 326, 457, 84, 816, 253, 5053, 309, 457, 306, 4307, 15, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 75, 1179, 357, 287, 187, 42, 1053, 626, 1158, 368, 1472, 253, 760, 581, 665, 556, 7407, 436, 28, 359, 14565, 247, 4564, 187, 1171, 747, 3805, 39335, 4102, 285, 597, 1849, 1663, 644, 1691, 949, 253, 187, 47761, 15, 3105, 7933, 327, 21413, 6493, 13, 533, 6493, 326, 581, 1537, 187, 68, 992, 263, 907, 347, 21007, 533, 417, 1774, 15, 187, 187, 4485, 187, 510, 34, 336, 4527, 1328, 12863, 187, 17222, 281, 4600, 854, 281, 898, 3038, 1046, 1388, 15, 496, 436, 500, 1848, 21110, 544, 17, 1092, 18322, 16156, 13, 187, 66, 4600, 6485, 13, 7558, 326, 14343, 15225, 476, 6379, 634, 3045, 407, 187, 1229, 7739, 187, 187, 998, 6606, 281, 6558, 247, 1175, 789, 14, 8206, 6654, 15, 19941, 483, 35058, 15, 5402, 1786, 285, 187, 11807, 403, 625, 1774, 685, 789, 15, 329, 21853, 326, 2506, 626, 1908, 436, 281, 187, 1257, 253, 1083, 310, 2779, 281, 320, 12825, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 323, 4588, 3694, 2440, 7535, 1051, 378, 999, 609, 23069, 7234, 15, 1583, 187, 5092, 1361, 368, 1287, 247, 1698, 14, 21061, 1566, 594, 368, 1053, 626, 11089, 432, 187, 1148, 6025, 13, 533, 1524, 14, 10186, 3237, 5257, 281, 320, 2570, 285, 36396, 15, 187, 187, 4943, 434, 271, 1650, 27, 604, 368, 497, 3652, 247, 5899, 4384, 622, 13, 1142, 3694, 187, 15179, 398, 651, 3164, 1804, 970, 1633, 751, 5779, 24204, 12070, 15, 2064, 2506, 626, 187, 10722, 643, 5447, 10296, 1053, 626, 452, 616, 1659, 15, 1723, 13, 5779, 24204, 12070, 187, 261, 2104, 281, 18212, 5752, 247, 1781, 7140, 273, 3237, 342, 4103, 11990, 13, 187, 601, 352, 2223, 2789, 323, 247, 24600, 4983, 1127, 15, 7243, 368, 2489, 625, 187, 71, 24700, 1025, 342, 326, 5028, 368, 1833, 1287, 247, 2169, 14, 21061, 1566, 285, 368, 187, 5092, 3135, 281, 7472, 643, 10296, 625, 8069, 15, 18770, 273, 3694, 187, 44602, 310, 670, 36182, 562, 752, 5454, 14273, 281, 1056, 15, 187, 187, 8195, 1650, 275, 5899, 4384, 11222, 310, 970, 14268, 323, 24896, 15, 6915, 187, 29519, 447, 323, 436, 4096, 310, 973, 14290, 285, 3965, 1199, 4516, 187, 15160, 2811, 15, 1707, 434, 9828, 273, 1929, 3237, 342, 970, 14268, 323, 436, 187, 27299, 13, 533, 253, 18075, 671, 452, 616, 1211, 873, 273, 3374, 281, 2968, 342, 15, 187, 187, 3220, 2457, 1650, 27, 5175, 15, 30750, 634, 2127, 310, 1270, 285, 352, 476, 320, 1077, 187, 316, 4085, 13, 3340, 672, 1275, 514, 4263, 390, 6684, 747, 3386, 15, 1292, 1469, 323, 187, 2313, 6, 2127, 7031, 310, 3798, 625, 7596, 685, 352, 434, 4409, 15, 733, 434, 671, 1077, 187, 36423, 281, 990, 598, 4028, 247, 12190, 273, 19437, 5216, 15, 1422, 971, 281, 2770, 327, 253, 187, 26651, 1895, 285, 417, 8138, 3780, 434, 673, 15, 187, 187, 60, 17, 62, 187, 60, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 24583, 15, 681, 16, 13060, 32, 87, 30, 81, 8754, 21892, 48, 64, 49, 304, 880, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 24583, 15, 681, 16, 13060, 32, 87, 30, 81, 8754, 21892, 48, 64, 49, 304, 10, 187, 187, 6223, 187, 20671, 187, 31, 659, 6606, 281, 6558, 247, 1175, 789, 14, 8206, 6654, 15, 19941, 483, 35058, 15, 5402, 1786, 285, 187, 31, 2021, 403, 625, 1774, 685, 789, 15, 329, 21853, 326, 2506, 626, 1908, 436, 187, 31, 281, 320, 253, 1083, 310, 2779, 281, 320, 12825, 15, 187, 187, 8620, 7535, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 2779, 5451, 483, 588, 1663, 1818, 368, 323, 253, 1551, 273, 634, 1495, 604, 368, 187, 9903, 626, 8071, 2393, 2217, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 247, 2372, 8872, 672, 368, 8968, 368, 1833, 1620, 969, 320, 326, 5599, 368, 8899, 598, 285 ]

those threads and blow your mind. * Know your prejudices and look for information that challenges them. My prejudices are that I think Windows is lame, that MacOS is infuriating, that Javascript is terrible, that vim is better than emacs, and emacs is better than IDEs, and object orientation is a failed paradigm. So I look out for articles that have a different point of view. I've learned that Microsoft has some really interesting technology, that Apple is infuriating even to its own users but it doesn't matter because they're sitting on the world's biggest pile of dollar bills, that Javascript is usually unnecessary but occasionally useful, that kakoune is even better than vim, and that nobody agrees about what object orientation even is. ~~~ Eire_Banshee "object orientation is a failed paradigm" uh... wtf? ~~~ Reedx Here's an explanation from Casey Muratori: [https://youtu.be/GKYCA3UsmrU?t=4m50s](https://youtu.be/GKYCA3UsmrU?t=4m50s) See also Mike Acton (Engine Director @ Insomniac Games): [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rX0ItVEVjHc](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rX0ItVEVjHc) ~~~ Zimahl You aren't going to get a lot of support for OO in places where it isn't really necessary like games, and especially games with single developers. At that point the management of data is on the developer. Essentially one is saying that if they fuck up the data, that's on them. OO is handy in enterprise software where there are lots of developers who may not understand why things are the way they are, they just need to do something. In big, complex systems where a lot of things are going on, if you give someone a noose, they will hang themselves. OO can protect data from some (of course not all) unintended consequences. ------ baccredited Save 25X your annual spending and you can retire. If you invest to earn 7%/yr (on avg), you can withdraw 4% forever. Read the book The Simple Path to Wealth, or the basics in this blog post. [http://www.mrmoneymustache.com/2012/01/13/the-shockingly- sim...](http://www.mrmoneymustache.com/2012/01/13/the-shockingly-simple-math- behind-early-retirement/) ~~~ kjullien Could anyone explain this a little for me, please? Does this mean you save 93% of your income and only use 7%? From the website, there is a graph that shows how many years you supposedly have to save for retirement but it does not take into account the actual amount you make. As a "junior" dev, if you save 97% of X peanuts you still have peanuts. ~~~ hellogoodbyeeee The 7% is referring to the rate of return on your investments. He is making the assumption that if you invest $100 in the stock market on January 1, then on Dec 31 your account will have $107 in it. This assumption is an average over many years. There is a common rule of thumb in the investing world that you can safely remove 4% a year from your investments and they will continue to grow. (7% return minus 4% withdrawals means you have 3% more in the account each year) It doesn't matter what your lifestyle is. If you are a junior developer who makes 80k a year and spends 50k a year, then you should save 25x50k=1.25mil and then you no longer have to work for a living. This process will take years or decades. ~~~ Z-Widwil Quick question. Is the 80k an example you threw out, or a reasonable amount for a junior dev to make? Specifically for a a mid-sized company in the States, outside of Silicon Valley. Currently working as a junior dev and the senior devs feel I'm making less than I should be. Which is much less than that 80k. The only caveat being that my employer is also paying for part of my tuition (up to a max of $5000 a year). Previously, this seemed like a decent increase with what I was making, but adding that 5k to my wage and I'm still nowhere near the 80k. I'm throwing out this comment as it seems like it would be beneficial to other junior devs to have a ballpark amount to shoot for. Obviously other factors play into this (e.g. healthcare, location, etc). This just seems like a decent play to ask without breaking taboo with local devs. ~~~ ptmcc It's obviously location dependent, but in most any booming US city (Seattle, Denver, Austin, etc.) a junior dev should be making at least 80k unless they are truly green. ------ dub I advise junior developers that there are primarily two difference between a junior and senior developer: 1) A senior developer is unafraid of not knowing things. When we join a new team or company, we're as lost as any junior developer joining them team. We ask as many questions as necessary to get our work done effectively, without shame or fear of looking foolish for not knowing things already. We are good at searching through unfamiliar codebases to figure out how they work. 2) A senior developer (or any productive person) is good at saying no. People will ask for more of your time than you can spare. You can gently but firmly say no, direct people elsewhere (delegate), or ask people to discuss with your manager whether more of your time can be allocated to help them. ~~~ donatj I would argue willingness to say no is what separates junior from senior. In my experience it actually leads to Juniors being abused a lot of times being given dumb projects someone should have said no to. Then code review rolls around and the seniors are like “what is this” and there’s a dumb fight. Lol. Maybe that’s just the places I’ve worked. ~~~ jcalabro I don't think you're the only one who has experienced this; we hired a couple of new grad programmers recently and they've really been put through the ringer. Not necessarily on dumb projects, but projects that one might categorize as urgent but not important. ------ TheAceOfHearts Try to sleep 8 to 9 hours every day. In this JRE podcast [0], Matthew Walker, a sleep expert, claimed that sleeping poorly can decrease your performance by 30%. Strive to maintain a good work-life balance. Burnout sucks. Your health and family are more important than work. A workplace that doesn't consider this to be the case is likely to be toxic. As for actual software development advice... Beware blanket statements. They can help you develop a low-resolution model so you don't suffer from paralysis, but real-world problems tend to be complex and messy. Here's an example: if you were building a traditional web app, many software engineers would probably suggest using something like PostgreSQL. That doesn't mean other database technologies don't have their place. However, PostgreSQL is able to adequately serve a large category of problems with relative ease, so it often makes for a sensible starting point. Once you become more familiarized with that domain you'll develop a higher-resolution model and you can begin to evaluate other technologies more effectively. Much of software engineering is about figuring out what tradeoffs to make. Another example in traditional web apps is using cookies for auth. Using cookies for this purpose is well documented and pretty much supported everywhere. There's plenty of known problems with using cookies for this purpose, but the alternatives also have their own set of issues to deal with. My final example: testing. Testing your code is great and it can be very useful, especially when refactoring or developing new features. But going for 100% code coverage is usually more trouble than it's worth. It's also very easy to end up writing a bunch of useless tests. You want to focus on the actual problem and not waste anyone's time. [0] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwaWilO_Pig](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwaWilO_Pig) ~~~ Flow > Strive to maintain a good work-life balance. Burnout sucks. Your health and > family are more important than work. A workplace that doesn't consider this > to be the case is likely to be toxic. Good advice. It's likely burnout will really change you for the rest of your life if you don't react early enough. It's a bit sad when you realize you'll never again be that guy you grew up and

[ 31, 5190, 1364, 320, 4503, 281, 20890, 89, 5190, 390, 187, 5190, 15, 5190, 13, 347, 2011, 275, 253, 1650, 15, 535, 187, 16698, 187, 6846, 187, 187, 4509, 2634, 783, 29352, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 1650, 273, 500, 54, 4339, 608, 15, 19, 15, 18, 654, 3614, 1358, 7280, 15, 681, 16, 11773, 28448, 16, 6764, 3329, 16, 23723, 16, 7265, 16, 187, 20419, 16, 43, 54, 4339, 14, 22, 15, 19, 15, 18, 16, 32045, 16, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 16, 5883, 640, 50030, 15, 10134, 4, 45, 2358, 14, 45, 3507, 39334, 21712, 187, 187, 537, 2127, 14, 6172, 1450, 7892, 640, 187, 50276, 27, 3642, 15854, 14, 5478, 27, 9934, 535, 50276, 75, 48149, 64, 10408, 64, 11242, 1587, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 16, 7781, 16, 32849, 3233, 3, 187, 50276, 4, 3631, 587, 50275, 57, 3211, 50273, 32849, 50274, 4505, 187, 50276, 4, 50267, 11133, 50276, 11133, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 89, 50269, 15, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 32849, 3233, 16, 9177, 15, 8567, 3, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 89, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 32849, 3233, 16, 856, 22172, 15, 3967, 3, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 89, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 32849, 3233, 16, 4093, 272, 15, 19613, 3, 187, 50276, 10, 535, 50276, 75, 48149, 64, 10408, 64, 11242, 1587, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 16, 7781, 3, 187, 50276, 4, 3631, 587, 50275, 57, 3211, 50273, 32849, 50274, 4505, 187, 50276, 4, 50267, 11133, 50276, 11133, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 30240, 7745, 1898, 7510, 293, 15, 73, 3, 187, 50274, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 18030, 15, 73, 3, 187, 50274, 89, 50269, 15, 50269, 15, 50269, 3, 7781, 16, 16408, 87, 20, 19158, 394, 33473, 15, 14161, 3, 187, 50276, 10, 187, 35906, 6696, 41967, 457, 84, 2471, 275, 247, 6415, 13035, 7948, 20588, 9828, 273, 30457, 246, 8029, 13, 247, 1643, 1679, 14, 14644, 14, 32060, 314, 14, 585, 6991, 4394, 13, 285, 840, 253, 11527, 285, 13413, 8223, 5553, 3167, 6277, 17918, 1063, 313, 16564, 387, 1669, 1840, 10, 2210, 598, 342, 327, 521, 921, 342, 14861, 7532, 274, 28205, 327, 9693, 457, 84, 10508, 15, 22, 380, 15000, 15634, 8330, 15, 7820, 273, 43841, 6696, 41967, 390, 41006, 1110, 665, 497, 13, 17918, 1063, 4425, 281, 6947, 689, 884, 2909, 44601, 6696, 41967, 323, 521, 1211, 2471, 6701, 281, 521, 3061, 281, 8778, 247, 6415, 13, 6789, 779, 247, 773, 20014, 251, 668, 285, 247, 773, 18043, 515, 668, 665, 369, 773, 68, 36596, 1321, 670, 1495, 1806, 2403, 6415, 13035, 33737, 285, 3981, 773, 42, 457, 306, 1694, 642, 25528, 323, 368, 1806, 285, 773, 248, 1694, 752, 344, 29774, 1806, 25917, 670, 952, 6789, 436, 247, 22820, 13, 44978, 436, 18426, 59, 3492, 13, 285, 49282, 28710, 444, 1596, 29888, 457, 84, 6585, 2471, 323, 1175, 2557, 342, 271, 773, 42, 5230, 323, 253, 3402, 1425, 187, 187, 11241, 27, 17918, 1063, 556, 1580, 644, 2668, 745, 22303, 15000, 9693, 13, 534, 948, 335, 44358, 521, 5553, 921, 13, 323, 247, 8849, 27, 187, 187, 34, 3908, 432, 22303, 15000, 9693, 327, 6277, 17918, 1063, 2866, 14402, 15, 16705, 15, 681, 16, 31176, 38, 6855, 46, 2405, 50, 46, 1905, 22303, 15000, 9693, 12626, 37257, 15803, 8735, 10, 4596, 884, 13, 4240, 187, 187, 2512, 556, 644, 642, 17518, 323, 17918, 1063, 2568, 432, 380, 15000, 15634, 15, 380, 3236, 1501, 3637, 27, 187, 187, 4943, 457, 84, 253, 2644, 8223, 313, 2003, 273, 253, 36581, 374, 1873, 13, 534, 476, 320, 1119, 1060, 2262, 187, 187, 6080, 1698, 22850, 313, 455, 19101, 432, 17918, 1063, 13, 665, 858, 954, 273, 253, 391, 25841, 13, 5734, 7616, 5010, 2262, 187, 187, 1628, 1147, 2897, 398, 479, 15, 24955, 13, 665, 13, 309, 1053, 457, 85, 871, 13, 310, 594, 9605, 267, 1321, 670, 1495, 285, 816, 2506, 457, 85, 11435, 253, 3578, 3472, 1255, 273, 1495, 285, 310, 7378, 281, 11598, 1475, 342, 1495, 285, 2471, 32, 23498, 672, 368, 452, 2151, 13, 390, 247, 2021, 7721, 187, 187, 1628, 1394, 457, 306, 1694, 281, 755, 634, 16419, 745, 407, 5913, 352, 310, 368, 513, 326, 1161, 1832, 2471, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 2773, 5599, 457, 84, 751, 253, 3076, 5599, 281, 479, 15, 1422, 457, 306, 1694, 247, 2021, 2, 1244, 368, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 11598, 1475, 275, 247, 1652, 20953, 6415, 7721, 187, 187, 1628, 3039, 436, 5599, 2427, 1066, 275, 253, 6415, 11066, 13, 309, 753, 13, 2802, 42, 1053, 457, 85, 871, 253, 4278, 13, 533, 18670, 436, 3548, 457, 85, 500, 27168, 10512, 904, 11853, 665, 2506, 457, 85, 871, 752, 344, 457, 84, 2509, 13, 11598, 272, 1475, 342, 247, 6415, 285, 9811, 2994, 323, 512, 540, 592, 285, 6378, 9027, 1244, 352, 816, 3686, 273, 2897, 398, 479, 15, 1422, 1557, 326, 1652, 670, 634, 1495, 32, 11376, 253, 1495, 273, 634, 2021, 32, 5402, 1652, 11010, 5630, 310, 326, 1774, 281, 368, 326, 368, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 2495, 816, 13889, 7721, 187, 187, 1628, 1394, 457, 250, 247, 23390, 2212, 10723, 342, 247, 18248, 2021, 13, 285, 281, 368, 13, 368, 452, 281, 564, 755, 326, 2181, 835, 368, 476, 25760, 67, 4894, 432, 2233, 4669, 281, 2620, 1840, 253, 1824, 342, 634, 2014, 14, 15179, 6415, 342, 634, 1133, 562, 253, 3497, 15, 2802, 27115, 1796, 2, 13274, 1796, 2, 11739, 13, 637, 13, 1007, 387, 253, 443, 14, 4774, 327, 436, 2, 309, 457, 78, 7057, 332, 781, 2, 367, 999, 759, 88, 759, 88, 2, 11739, 13, 637, 13, 1007, 387, 436, 13, 436, 310, 594, 4484, 9027, 1244, 368, 3150, 2, 33119, 255, 11602, 187, 187, 1628, 1328, 457, 84, 417, 247, 14269, 3441, 14, 32927, 11572, 13, 344, 457, 84, 417, 247, 39470, 14, 32927, 11572, 13, 344, 457, 84, 247, 9915, 1165, 15, 47422, 665, 41307, 247, 6415, 326, 34579, 598, 285, 368, 476, 1691, 275, 634, 19476, 285, 326, 457, 84, 49195, 784, 13, 2802, 27115, 1796, 2, 5531, 1007, 13, 309, 816, 17735, 327, 253, 1824, 13, 11648, 2, 309, 457, 78, 1469, 281, 15975, 352, 45528, 33119, 255, 15, 1422, 457, 250, 3846, 15, 2726, 767, 5753, 15, 4922, 251, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 1089, 352, 13413, 326, 368, 457, 250, 326, 9605, 267, 1321, 670, 1495, 15, 2064, 352, 457, 84, 625, 1774, 326, 368, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 755, 634, 16419, 745, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 1909, 247, 3387, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 8228, 14, 515, 637, 13, 368, 457, 250, 1335, 2509, 326, 13, 281, 253, 1127, 835, 368, 457, 306, 1694, 281, 755, 275, 16340, 285, 5492, 8458, 285, 512, 326, 23550, 32, 309, 457, 78, 7016, 13, 29723, 13, 368, 457, 250, 327, 634, 1211, 15, 309, 457, 306, 1694, 642, 25528, 323, 368, 1425, 187, 187, 24349, 19995, 27, 773, 1276, 19775, 479, 670, 247, 2926, 751, 436, 310, 672, 597, 897, 253, 3159, 2802, 1206, 2961, 90, 9027, 329, 22820, 310, 752, 4592, 387, 326, 6105, 275, 6112, 436, 2469, 8849, 13, 390, 271, 33260, 486, 13195, 1066, 15, 831, 32, 1422, 871, 752, 253, 10502, 403, 2, 8139, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 247, 39314, 14, 32179, 254, 285, 368, 3150, 436, 1039, 13, 368, 871, 253, 10502, 15, 733, 457, 84, 271, 23293, 26741, 13, 417, 247, 22820, 1425, 187, 187, 8116, 281, 17918, 1063, 27, 773, 42, 1053, 457, 85, 971, 281, 13387, 253, 6415, 323, 253, 958, 326, 253, 5599, 313, 66, 1071, 11572, 665, 369, 5339, 10, 3078, 281, 25760, 14, 67, 4894, 949, 14700, 2, 1422, 28006, 2, 2802, 6506, 13, 1339, 457, 84, 25760, 14, 67, 4894, 949, 14700, 2, 32872, 352, 457, 84, 4484, 13, 285, 309, 457, 78, 1469, 281, 1691, 619, 1133, 562, 253, 3497, 2, 1244, 309, 457, 78, 1469, 281, 15975, 352, 45528, 33119, 255, 2, 2064, 16326, 457, 85, 253, 6415, 457, 84, 9331, 15, 831, 2181, 326, 6696, 41967, 369, 2509, 13, 33058, 432, 2233, 4669, 281, 2620, 2866, 301, 7173, 15, 5531, 7122, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 1231, 457, 306, 512, 2218, 1841, 359, 1007, 896, 285, 14938, 15, 6975, 3192, 253, 1652, 16340, 281, 427, 386, 1807, 292, 326, 452, 5702, 25244, 15, 1292, 597, 457, 250, 2014, 14, 15179, 1652, 330, 405, 27109, 285, 4536, 253, 11572, 457, 84, 751, 247, 655, 14, 2913, 1711, 5918, 15, 2802, 40, 1240, 2, 1737, 717, 309, 2509, 11388, 668, 187, 187, 45484, 1063, 40039, 352, 598, 342, 247, 1663, 3076, 5103, 387, 444, 1596, 29888, 457, 84, 6585, 2471, 27, 773, 7883, 369, 352, 13, 28710, 444, 1596, 29888, 13, 253, 5492, 1113, 6254, 665, 4962, 32, 309, 5230, 323, 253, 3402, 11602, 187, 187, 23067, 274, 28205, 671, 27140, 670, 436, 27, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 6468, 626, 923, 253, 6696, 41967, 3492, 13, 3698, 15, 1244, 840, 1611, 281, 2028, 479, 634, 7906, 6468, 626, 4391, 15, 1905, 14861, 7532, 274, 28205, 12626, 41849, 23067, 274, 28205, 10, 4596, 854, 13, 4240, 187, 187, 510, 3492, 275, 1953, 310, 2708, 285, 1223, 352, 1057, 3665, 253, 7343, 275, 247, 747, 1708, 13, 954, 651, 5194, 352, 2506, 457, 85, 16267, 253, 1067, 528, 22378, 327, 6696, 41967, 457, 84, 2471, 187, 187, 11241, 27, 831, 1501, 8523, 12877, 253, 22820, 14430, 281, 7532, 274, 28205, 28, 9414, 1214, 9088, 932, 15656, 2296, 352, 457, 84, 432, 19995, 15, 1893, 326, 2789, 436, 625, 17918, 1063, 457, 84, 391, 386, 285, 417, 1633, 432, 1097, 14516, 15, 844, 26012, 323, 253, 13583, 863, 2382, 15, 187, 187, 45484, 1063, 46446, 281, 1527, 8216, 457, 84, 921, 15, 29482, 15955, 5967, 27, 510, 187, 4347, 507, 422, 2022, 9853, 13, 671, 1925, 346, 510, 43767, 937, 310, 187, 783, 2499, 457, 84, 24762, 2798, 285, 4055, 187, 1171, 13790, 1495, 15, 380, 2216, 310, 407, 13016, 6805, 187, 15418, 329, 15, 7395, 249, 5493, 15, 733, 310, 253, 1659, 273, 4327, 323, 1142, 187, 483, 11806, 4712, 283, 783, 11293, 566, 420, 1889, 2269, 3013, 13, 187, 18686, 4202, 434, 12079, 1720, 20172, 16, 58, 472, 42656, 13, 34888, 13, 2628, 269, 3514, 13, 187, 39095, 16226, 13, 416, 2415, 36, 49351, 13, 285, 2714, 3394, 187, 255, 253, 7908, 36479, 15, 21696, 476, 320, 1119, 12392, 390, 2675, 3006, 187, 249, 253, 20586, 273, 697, 7139, 15, 11735, 3938, 272, 253, 13296, 273, 4377, 15948, 187, 187, 510, 13296, 273, 4377, 15948, 13, 521, 19538, 13, 3262, 460, 3764, 13, 285, 253, 44773, 273, 253, 12778, 5270, 310, 1512, 6446, 11273, 275, 776, 12786, 32884, 1962, 281, 320, 689, 394, 2924, 407, 11019, 5441, 20501, 521, 1077, 6242, 15, 1292, 4782, 11073, 12734, 22757, 388, 932, 455, 14177, 8791, 187, 187, 3, 14947, 84, 273, 15948, 3, 407, 22757, 388, 932, 455, 13, 247, 4782, 11073, 13, 4453, 387, 253, 6612, 285, 38671, 3212, 4377, 15948, 15, 187, 46, 1647, 187, 187, 510, 13296, 273, 4377, 15948, 13, 521, 19538, 13, 3262, 460, 3764, 13, 285, 253, 44773, 273, 253, 12778, 5270, 310, 1512, 6446, 11273, 275, 776, 12786, 32884, 1962, 281, 320, 689, 394, 2924, 407, 11019, 5441, 20501, 521, 1077, 6242, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 4782, 11073, 12734, 22757, 388, 932, 455, 14177, 8791, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 556, 3542, 271, 7126, 1984, 275, 773, 14947, 84, 273, 15948, 668, 970, 36703, 1497, 13, 40336, 285, 10346, 6127, 281, 5276, 326, 15948, 1620, 13164, 28, 285, 604, 344, 858, 13, 344, 1904, 457, 85, 28788, 667, 273, 253, 38209, 13, 17927, 14, 15700, 2370, 13, 18109, 46983, 13, 41023, 2987, 285, 247, 8014, 1107, 273, 29957, 326, 452, 8228, 598, 1475, 253, 25893, 4782, 27237, 15, 187, 187, 41, 932, 455, 24586, 436, 15, 3032, 33940, 34025, 41023, 281, 1405, 7866, 342, 2139, 344, 4159, 253, 1984, 15, 329, 2892, 9732, 387, 253, 18403, 275, 4693, 285, 2816, 285, 247, 2137, 305, 13429, 13, 344, 369, 4361, 773, 783, 6323, 28969, 382, 15948, 757, 2892, 668, 534, 643, 10123, 753, 5907, 773, 66, 21541, 13, 41023, 1083, 15, 733, 1904, 457, 85, 13, 285, 436, 34639, 479, 1425, 187, 187, 2598, 344, 12433, 1070, 1066, 281, 1089, 562, 752, 10950 ]

>`` must be equal to ``x`` or ``.``, as shown in the example. Example ------- From `the AUv3Synth example of JUCE 5.2.1 <https://github.com/McMartin/FRUT/blob/main/ generated/JUCE-5.2.1/examples/AUv3Synth/CMakeLists.txt#L68-L82>`_: .. code-block:: cmake :lineno-start: 68 jucer_project_files("AUv3Synth/Source/BinaryData" # Compile Xcode Binary File # Resource Resource . x . "Source/BinaryData/power.png" . . x "Source/BinaryData/proaudio.path" . . x "Source/BinaryData/singing.ogg" ) jucer_project_files("AUv3Synth/Source" # Compile Xcode Binary File # Resource Resource . . . "Source/MaterialLookAndFeel.h" . . . "Source/AUv3SynthEditor.h" x . . "Source/AUv3SynthProcessor.cpp" ) Roy Halladay’s death in a plane crash Tuesday prompted plenty of thoughtful tributes, a few less-than-perfectly-conceived ones, and then the terrible and offensive segment radio host Michael Felger (seen at left above) came up with on his show with Tony Massarotti on Boston’s 98.5 The Sports Hub Wednesday. Instead of mourning Halladay or respecting those who were, Felger decided to spend over 10 minutes blaming Halladay for his own death thanks to his decision to fly a plane, calling him a “moron” and a “jackass” who was “cavalier about life,” making plane crash noises and saying “I’ve got no sympathy for you,” and “he got what he deserved,” complaining about people calling this a tragedy, referencing this TMZ video, and mocking Dale Earnhardt’s 2001 death for good measure with an “I root for the wall.” Update: Felger has since been taken off NBC Sports Boston, which simulcasts his radio show, for a weekend: A statement from NBC Sports Boston on Michael Felger… pic.twitter.com/HsEfaM31QM — NBC Sports Boston (@NBCSBoston) November 10, 2017 There has been no discipline for Felger yet from The Sports Hub. The original post follows: Here’s the whole segment (part of the Hour 2 file, which can be found here): Some lowlights (all quotes from Felger, who did most of the ranting, unless specified otherwise): “It angers me. Someone, who, I don’t know, is so cavalier about life and just doesn’t appreciate the tenuousness of life and is willing to screw around with life and death? Especially when you have children, or a family?” “You’ve got to get your rocks off by whatever it is you do that cheats death.” “That guy’s like the bad guy to me. You’ve got a family! And you’re going to screw around in a little toy plane?” “When this guy went down in the plane yesterday, I said, ‘I don’t know the details, but hopefully this isn’t JFK Jr., somebody who doesn’t know what he’s doing, screwing around with a plane and killing himself for all intents and purposes.’ And it just sort of angers me. You care that little about your life? About the life of your family? Your little joyride is that important to you that you’re going to risk just dying?” “You’re a multimillionaire with a loving family, and to you, you have to go get that thing where you can divebomb from 100 feet to five above the water with your single-engine plane with your hand out the window. ‘Wheee! Wheee! Yeah, man, look at the G-force on this! I’m Maverick! Pew pew pew! Yeah, man, look at this, this is so cool.’ And you die! Splat!” “He’s not a militarily-trained pilot, he’s not a professionally-trained pilot, he’s a Joe Q. Citizen who buys a plane that folds up and you can put in your garage and that’s amphibious, ‘Wheee! Oh look, I just landed on the water, everybody! I’m going to tweet it!’ Splat. You’re dead. With two kids. Moron.” “I find it offensive that you’re that cavalier about life. That it’s more important that you’re going to get your rocks off.” “As a 40-year-old grown-ass man, you’re still doing that, to the point where you’ve got to get in planes and race cars and all that crap? I’m sorry, dude, you’re on your own. I’ve got no sympathy for you.” Jim Murray: “What bugs me about a story like this is when they use the word ‘tragedy.’ A tragedy is what happened at that church in Texas this past weekend, or an orphanage burning down. This? You know what the risks are! …If you’re a thrill-seeker and you die this way, you know the risks. It’s an unfortunate circumstance, not a tragedy.” Back to Felger: “I don’t want to blame the plane for the fact that the guy (a test pilot who was killed) wanted to dive-bomb through mountains! You idiot! ‘Yeah, let’s dive-bomb through mountains! Cause it’s cool, and I’m going to put my hand out the window! And I’m going to tweet it!’ Splat! That ain’t the plane’s fault. This thing that Halladay was doing, diving from 100 feet to five…idiot. Oh god.” “We’ve all done things we look back and regret. Like taking the little planes to Nantucket that have professional pilots. But they’re single-engine little Cessnas and sometimes the pilot’s like a 19-year old gal. ‘Gah! What am I doing!'” Felger wraps it up with a really bad shot at Earnhardt’s 2001 death: “Who was it, Dale Earnhardt, the race car driver who died? I root for the wall!” Massarotti also tweeted about this: If you haven't see the Halladay video, watch. And then try to tell me your thoughts haven't changed. — Tony Massarotti (@TonyMassarotti) November 8, 2017 The video in question is below and while it does frame the accident in a new light, most would agree it doesn’t excuse the callous commentary on Halladay’s death Update: This post initially attributed the tragedy quote to Massarotti; reader @therealspb says it’s from Murray. So that makes this more Felger’s rant and not something from both hosts. We apologize for the incorrect attribution. Felger apologized to open Thursday’s show. Via Funhouse:The expansive main quad, also called "The Yard," is the University’s symbolic heart and center of campus life. The design is by landscape architect David A. Willinston. It is the place of choice for many outdoor activities--the Commencement Exercises, Homecoming's Family Reunion/Yardfest, concerts, job fairs, student performances, ROTC drills, and special events at the flagpole. Students can be found studying or socializing in the shadows of its trees.Debunking the myth of King Arthur The myth of King Arthur, his queen, Guinevere, and the knights of the Round Table is too ingrained in our collective psyche to be overthrown by mere facts questioning his very existence. But British academic Professor Guy Halsall tries anyway "Worlds of Arthur" by Guy Halsall, a British academic, looks at the reality and myths behind King Arthur. MCT The myth of King Arthur, his queen, Guinevere, and the knights of the Round Table is too ingrained in our collective psyche to be overthrown by mere facts questioning his very existence. But British academic Professor Guy Halsall tries anyway. He has written an excellent book in “Worlds of Arthur” using archeology, manuscripts and migration patterns to prove that Arthur never existed; and if he did, he didn’t resemble any of the legends, pseudo-histories, romantic fantasies, scholarly works and a thousand years of publicity that have grown up around the legendary British warrior. Halsall understands this. His unusually readable scholarly tome starts with why he wrote the book. A history teacher at the universities in London and York and a war gamer, he was reading “the latest populist Arthurian history” which other reviews said offered “a plausible, scholarly case. It didn’t, and this annoyed me.” So he buckled down to find out what scientists

[ 9, 67, 8, 70, 1383, 337, 582, 187, 50270, 1092, 1387, 64, 3140, 64, 28662, 9, 3140, 64, 28662, 1228, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 23939, 64, 83, 4626, 64, 788, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 14, 19758, 615, 3401, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 28662, 426, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 1088, 9, 187, 50266, 13838, 2967, 30, 9819, 12519, 1381, 346, 15845, 30, 11238, 2227, 3677, 14, 11238, 2227, 1438, 13, 938, 4148, 14555, 14, 938, 4148, 16198, 7547, 535, 50270, 4, 2594, 1071, 22495, 12519, 40, 1507, 323, 8813, 187, 50270, 338, 2800, 15, 35389, 19, 27, 187, 50266, 20154, 426, 4579, 15, 20154, 15, 31666, 20455, 1082, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 20154, 426, 4579, 15, 20154, 15, 16721, 31666, 20455, 1082, 187, 50270, 20154, 15, 19261, 4464, 187, 50266, 3, 8590, 14, 2548, 27, 2462, 84, 61, 83, 61, 79, 61, 83, 61, 79, 3, 2462, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 6071, 64, 881, 481, 25950, 6649, 187, 50270, 20154, 15, 19261, 9, 3140, 64, 28662, 10, 535, 50270, 9723, 64, 8559, 426, 22109, 15, 10483, 1082, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 5088, 9, 9723, 64, 8559, 15, 261, 64, 9961, 40475, 6649, 50276, 4, 45985, 2451, 535, 50270, 44621, 6525, 426, 5230, 64, 8559, 15, 788, 64, 35704, 1082, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 5025, 9, 44621, 6525, 582, 374, 10, 535, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 44621, 6525, 60, 17, 45443, 8590, 14, 2548, 16445, 187, 50254, 346, 13259, 16, 22947, 292, 14, 4963, 2807, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 187, 50266, 44621, 6525, 60, 17, 45443, 8590, 14, 12519, 16445, 346, 15845, 12131, 2227, 3677, 14, 11238, 2227, 1438, 16, 21, 19332, 19042, 2807, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 44621, 6525, 60, 17, 1570, 788, 64, 35704, 9, 29377, 30, 5088, 582, 270, 3, 23342, 357, 4482, 4482, 2807, 535, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 44621, 6525, 60, 18, 45443, 8590, 14, 2548, 16445, 187, 50254, 346, 13259, 16, 22947, 292, 14, 4963, 2807, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 187, 50266, 44621, 6525, 60, 18, 45443, 8590, 14, 12519, 16445, 346, 15845, 1384, 4148, 14555, 14, 938, 4148, 16198, 16, 21, 19332, 19042, 2807, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 44621, 6525, 60, 18, 1570, 788, 64, 35704, 9, 29377, 30, 5088, 582, 270, 3, 4482, 4482, 67, 19533, 68, 2807, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 83, 4626, 64, 2377, 46830, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 14, 19758, 615, 14, 2377, 46830, 3401, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 28662, 426, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 1088, 9, 3281, 30, 31111, 475, 27277, 559, 374, 13, 187, 50254, 245, 50265, 10946, 30, 31111, 475, 27277, 475, 374, 428, 337, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 8850, 187, 50266, 9, 67, 8, 67, 1383, 337, 582, 187, 50266, 9, 67, 8, 68, 1383, 27277, 475, 27277, 582, 187, 50266, 9, 67, 1871, 1383, 337, 582, 187, 50270, 1092, 1387, 64, 3140, 64, 28662, 9, 3140, 64, 28662, 1228, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 292, 356, 64, 261, 64, 21049, 64, 88, 28016, 64, 13362, 64, 1171, 64, 292, 3544, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 4, 359, 452, 436, 2451, 275, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 788, 64, 19583, 64, 46830, 13, 1512, 13, 187, 50270, 4, 533, 12654, 326, 352, 6556, 323, 40526, 9762, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 14, 19758, 615, 3401, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 2073, 3, 6, 84, 27898, 2462, 1881, 15, 46830, 64, 19758, 615, 64, 292, 356, 13, 187, 50254, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 5374, 1082, 5013, 292, 356, 23405, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 292, 356, 64, 261, 64, 21049, 64, 88, 28016, 64, 13362, 64, 1171, 64, 292, 3544, 64, 2377, 21338, 6655, 9, 1286, 2262, 535, 50270, 1545, 288, 69, 9, 89, 2262, 187, 50266, 2309, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 89, 481, 15741, 49534, 5023, 25950, 2073, 29860, 3401, 535, 50270, 9127, 64, 292, 356, 426, 288, 69, 9, 13838, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 10, 559, 187, 50254, 50275, 13838, 9, 13838, 9, 67, 8, 67, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 10, 559, 187, 50254, 50272, 13838, 9, 13838, 9, 67, 8, 68, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 10, 559, 187, 50254, 50270, 288, 69, 9, 67, 1871, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 10689, 559, 187, 50254, 50275, 13838, 9, 67, 8, 70, 19279, 535, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 2073, 46830, 14, 19758, 615, 14, 2377, 46830, 3401, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 2073, 3, 6, 84, 27898, 2462, 3264, 64, 292, 356, 15, 29377, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50254, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 5374, 1082, 5013, 292, 356, 23405, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 292, 356, 64, 78, 1204, 1506, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 14367, 14, 292, 356, 2807, 187, 50270, 14626, 27, 187, 50266, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50262, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50258, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50258, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 686, 1439, 352, 1383, 187, 50258, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50262, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50262, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 16829, 19371, 4756, 347, 1486, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 8320, 13, 1486, 15, 8581, 10, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 24796, 1587, 35481, 19371, 4756, 533, 1904, 626, 755, 352, 2807, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 3281, 64, 78, 1204, 1506, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 14367, 14, 3281, 2807, 187, 50270, 14626, 27, 187, 50266, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50262, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50258, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 428, 337, 13, 187, 50258, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 5715, 187, 50258, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50262, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50262, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 16829, 19371, 4756, 347, 1486, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 8320, 13, 1486, 15, 8581, 10, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 24796, 1587, 35481, 19371, 4756, 533, 1904, 626, 755, 352, 2807, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 8780, 64, 292, 356, 64, 78, 1204, 1506, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 78, 1204, 1506, 14, 292, 356, 2807, 187, 50270, 14626, 27, 187, 50266, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50262, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50258, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50258, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 5715, 187, 50258, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50262, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50262, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 35450, 187, 50262, 13838, 2967, 11787, 8, 38, 7784, 5295, 686, 10311, 292, 5477, 649, 248, 339, 14908, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 16829, 19371, 4756, 347, 1486, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 28418, 13, 1486, 15, 8581, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 8780, 64, 292, 356, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 67, 14, 292, 356, 2807, 187, 50270, 292, 356, 64, 66, 426, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 1082, 187, 50270, 292, 356, 64, 67, 426, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 67, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 1082, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50266, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50262, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 1162, 356, 64, 66, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 3401, 2023, 551, 187, 50262, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 1162, 356, 64, 67, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 67, 11470, 187, 50266, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50266, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 35450, 187, 50266, 13838, 2967, 11787, 8, 38, 7784, 5295, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 4464, 292, 356, 64, 66, 559, 1162, 356, 64, 67, 481, 25950, 26910, 15741, 49534, 1082, 2311, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 64, 8581, 9, 1252, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 328, 30878, 64, 292, 356, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 328, 30878, 14, 292, 356, 2807, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50266, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50262, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 27277, 475, 27277, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 8256, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50266, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50266, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 64, 8581, 9, 1252, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 328, 30878, 64, 3281, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 66, 14, 328, 30878, 14, 3281, 2807, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50266, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50262, 434, 907, 64, 15845, 5295, 8256, 13, 187, 50262, 8, 292, 356, 5295, 13283, 4658, 15, 6535, 22, 9, 67, 8, 66, 8, 475, 27277, 475, 27277, 481, 15741, 49534, 5715, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 686, 26931, 64, 66, 11470, 187, 50266, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50266, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 64, 8581, 9, 1252, 10, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64, 2337, 4742, 64, 29429, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 426, 1881, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 3140, 1587, 46830, 14, 3113, 14, 2337, 4742, 14, 29429, 2807, 187, 50270, 3140, 64, 4835, 15, 6343, 9, 187, 50266, 8456, 15, 69, 10628, 8850, 92, 187, 50262, 8, 3967, 5295, 17882, 6, 84, 41148, 84, 8, 2462, 313, 1286, 15, 12540, 15, 13299, 15, 1590, 13, 187, 50254, 50266, 434, 909, 64, 3113, 64, 6, 567, 64, 2337, 4742, 64, 1590, 11470, 187, 50266, 94, 2498, 25950, 2073, 29860, 11470, 187, 50266, 1148, 983, 11787, 8, 9961, 40475, 14, 46830, 5295, 686, 1065, 8, 2311, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 8271, 64, 8581, 9, 1252, 10, 535, 50270, 1286, 15, 34046, 9, 67, 8, 91, 8, 475, 884, 13, 1873, 64, 4835, 15, 1088, 6649, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 37953, 64 ]

(b'e', 1), ], group_file_contents(file_contents)) def test_slo_multi_ranged_get(self): file_item = self.env.container.file('manifest-abcde') file_contents = file_item.read( hdrs={"Range": "bytes=1048571-1048580,2097147-2097156"}) # See testMultiRangeGets for explanation if six.PY2: parser = email.parser.FeedParser() else: parser = email.parser.BytesFeedParser() parser.feed(( "Content-Type: %s\r\n\r\n" % file_item.content_type).encode()) parser.feed(file_contents) root_message = parser.close() self.assertTrue(root_message.is_multipart()) # sanity check byteranges = root_message.get_payload() self.assertEqual(len(byteranges), 2) self.assertEqual(byteranges[0]['Content-Type'], "application/octet-stream") self.assertEqual( byteranges[0]['Content-Range'], "bytes 1048571-1048580/4194305") self.assertEqual(byteranges[0].get_payload(decode=True), b"aaaaabbbbb") self.assertEqual(byteranges[1]['Content-Type'], "application/octet-stream") self.assertEqual( byteranges[1]['Content-Range'], "bytes 2097147-2097156/4194305") self.assertEqual(byteranges[1].get_payload(decode=True), b"bbbbbccccc") def test_slo_ranged_submanifest(self): file_item = self.env.container.file('manifest-abcde-submanifest') file_contents = file_item.read(size=1024 * 1024 + 2, offset=1024 * 1024 * 2 - 1) self.assertEqual([ (b'b', 1), (b'c', 1024 * 1024), (b'd', 1), ], group_file_contents(file_contents)) def test_slo_etag_is_quote_wrapped_hash_of_etags(self): # we have this check in test_slo_get_simple_manifest, too, # but verify that it holds for HEAD requests file_item = self.env.container.file('manifest-abcde') self.assertEqual('"%s"' % self.manifest_abcde_etag, file_item.info()['etag']) def test_slo_etag_is_quote_wrapped_hash_of_etags_submanifests(self): def hd(x): return hashlib.md5(x).hexdigest().encode('ascii') expected_etag = hd(hd(b'a' * 1024 * 1024) + hd(hd(b'b' * 1024 * 1024) + hd(hd(b'c' * 1024 * 1024) + hd(b'd' * 1024 * 1024))) + hd(b'e')) file_item = self.env.container.file('manifest-abcde-submanifest') self.assertEqual('"%s"' % expected_etag.decode('ascii'), file_item.info()['etag']) def test_slo_etag_mismatch(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-bad-etag") try: file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': 'not it', 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) except ResponseError as err: self.assertEqual(400, err.status) else: self.fail("Expected ResponseError but didn't get it") def test_slo_size_mismatch(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-bad-size") try: file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024 - 1, 'etag': hashlib.md5(b'a' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest(), 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) except ResponseError as err: self.assertEqual(400, err.status) else: self.fail("Expected ResponseError but didn't get it") def test_slo_client_etag_mismatch(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-mismatch-etag") try: file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': hashlib.md5(b'a' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest(), 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}, hdrs={'Etag': 'NOTetagofthesegments'}) except ResponseError as err: self.assertEqual(422, err.status) def test_slo_client_etag(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-b-etag") etag_a = hashlib.md5(b'a' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest() etag_b = hashlib.md5(b'b' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest() file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': etag_a, 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a')}, { 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': etag_b, 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_b'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}, hdrs={'Etag': hashlib.md5((etag_a + etag_b).encode()).hexdigest()}) self.assert_status(201) def test_slo_unspecified_etag(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-unspecified-etag") file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': 1024 * 1024, 'etag': None, 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) self.assert_status(201) def test_slo_unspecified_size(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-a-unspecified-size") file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'size_bytes': None, 'etag': hashlib.md5(b'a' * 1024 * 1024).hexdigest(), 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_a'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) self.assert_status(201) def test_slo_funky_segment(self): file_item = self.env.container.file("manifest-with-funky-segment") file_item.write( json.dumps([{ 'path': '/%s/%s' % (self.env.container.name, 'seg_with_%ff_funky_name'), }]).encode('ascii'), parms={'multipart-manifest': 'put'}) self.assert_status(201) self.assertEqual(b'z' * 10, file_item.read()) def test_slo_

[ 2512, 369, 247, 1270, 23189, 981, 275, 253, 9539, 15, 187, 187, 3, 28645, 48570, 686, 70, 435, 310, 275, 634, 549, 339, 13, 8966, 13, 309, 1158, 368, 1833, 3153, 281, 923, 1529, 1388, 937, 3095, 19294, 15, 187, 187, 29473, 364, 47097, 23732, 314, 2820, 281, 755, 247, 1007, 13, 751, 247, 4370, 31702, 697, 8105, 15, 187, 187, 510, 14150, 574, 5966, 521, 1669, 11566, 825, 19723, 15, 38292, 812, 923, 326, 3707, 779, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 5103, 479, 327, 4096, 2, 1810, 517, 1661, 1476, 754, 6400, 264, 323, 14698, 13, 816, 347, 23259, 6400, 264, 323, 779, 13, 281, 33694, 521, 4430, 285, 3785, 779, 896, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4218, 78, 4834, 13, 9931, 15, 1422, 12758, 79, 626, 2118, 689, 25914, 449, 187, 187, 510, 14150, 369, 973, 285, 7777, 275, 627, 13, 45512, 987, 949, 253, 6399, 413, 257, 15, 187, 187, 3, 50195, 13, 686, 1123, 247, 1551, 13, 2301, 636, 15, 23203, 1537, 417, 971, 281, 1790, 1066, 281, 1551, 816, 2568, 13, 2167, 937, 3095, 1925, 13, 281, 2087, 22569, 15, 187, 187, 3, 5498, 626, 9012, 1476, 11853, 2010, 19294, 15, 346, 686, 53, 261, 247, 22820, 2, 754, 3198, 686, 261, 549, 339, 323, 8815, 15150, 285, 256, 770, 249, 8, 387, 253, 13384, 21583, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 686, 38, 4453, 247, 2372, 751, 247, 8588, 87, 1351, 13, 1053, 626, 686, 70, 13, 38435, 8, 326, 2181, 7356, 249, 8, 562, 258, 8, 686, 303, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 434, 247, 4030, 8105, 22676, 9094, 1694, 627, 13, 278, 8, 20305, 2, 23203, 1007, 751, 479, 17767, 687, 7337, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 627, 320, 247, 25427, 11755, 14, 13565, 650, 1312, 9094, 1849, 7351, 2400, 627, 13, 14698, 2, 6272, 368, 1469, 281, 5752, 779, 598, 11608, 865, 187, 187, 36945, 369, 44397, 285, 3168, 14, 28619, 342, 6966, 15, 3032, 3564, 497, 36316, 15, 346, 15021, 352, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 56, 302, 434, 352, 1928, 751, 13, 278, 8, 20305, 865, 11853, 2546, 253, 16545, 6203, 8966, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 31835, 1476, 344, 753, 13, 31283, 9861, 285, 16172, 90, 433, 15, 1244, 247, 2372, 48515, 15, 346, 48839, 247, 2372, 13, 2686, 449, 754, 369, 2509, 271, 50063, 2628, 273, 417, 47012, 13, 2167, 352, 5604, 3261, 347, 2167, 344, 3078, 281, 15, 1244, 23259, 3260, 253, 1007, 273, 247, 637, 665, 651, 16487, 387, 667, 2774, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3074, 987, 15, 2064, 434, 2217, 937, 344, 21939, 264, 15, 346, 4678, 9802, 36544, 13, 24173, 15, 1244, 16901, 937, 344, 2879, 6871, 1037, 342, 247, 19779, 285, 8042, 1007, 275, 308, 507, 90, 5682, 28287, 434, 3884, 13, 3692, 15944, 18436, 432, 521, 15, 14566, 644, 8413, 8736, 1078, 13, 2167, 47421, 417, 342, 271, 14150, 13, 23259, 574, 247, 1175, 2968, 273, 25528, 323, 352, 15, 346, 2513, 634, 3392, 387, 1728, 13, 5767, 31235, 2191, 865, 344, 1925, 15, 187, 187, 14866, 22138, 31235, 2191, 434, 3392, 369, 253, 3874, 7345, 15, 187, 187, 3, 510, 1735, 3874, 689, 13, 18723, 247, 6858, 937, 703, 753, 14938, 2920, 15, 187, 187, 42, 266, 21374, 15, 3032, 13574, 1499, 26515, 15, 346, 17534, 973, 15, 309, 878, 3578, 10086, 285, 13027, 4618, 15986, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 5543, 16093, 8, 52, 28281, 13, 6701, 281, 5767, 5682, 28287, 13, 23259, 1119, 2994, 327, 521, 3564, 285, 15746, 9257, 34705, 271, 14150, 432, 253, 1781, 3168, 17134, 35443, 273, 247, 41750, 35025, 637, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 369, 10090, 562, 13, 11372, 628, 13, 327, 247, 23069, 15, 13771, 751, 247, 650, 1312, 387, 247, 8913, 21118, 13, 275, 958, 15, 23259, 434, 15986, 13750, 4105, 6203, 8966, 275, 247, 9096, 13, 22513, 281, 779, 13, 41435, 779, 432, 253, 9539, 15, 20877, 413, 257, 369, 36756, 1977, 36166, 342, 247, 12798, 15, 23259, 19031, 521, 42911, 387, 779, 285, 17189, 779, 281, 5484, 15, 754, 369, 1677, 247, 23603, 342, 534, 281, 278, 23831, 521, 39783, 15, 1244, 672, 253, 14150, 369, 10375, 13, 344, 369, 3961, 2961, 519, 14790, 314, 13, 984, 23259, 574, 3058, 281, 513, 352, 18660, 273, 2069, 1078, 1309, 253, 2137, 15, 187, 187, 27537, 8966, 1904, 626, 16487, 13, 533, 352, 369, 247, 2822, 2181, 15, 187, 187, 3, 5035, 253, 7345, 436, 7237, 13, 604, 368, 476, 937, 23259, 17189, 253, 23293, 13, 17256, 1520, 8966, 15, 187, 187, 36945, 369, 3168, 285, 259, 804, 272, 521, 3564, 13, 46115, 327, 253, 46413, 273, 253, 9096, 15, 346, 42, 1353, 7016, 15, 309, 1353, 594, 7016, 13, 309, 1353, 594, 7016, 13, 309, 1353, 594, 7016, 15, 309, 1904, 626, 1599, 352, 13, 8966, 13, 309, 1353, 594, 7016, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 1892, 10450, 449, 11643, 369, 502, 6390, 533, 2849, 10779, 528, 275, 16172, 6147, 3335, 15, 346, 4045, 368, 18607, 281, 5310, 399, 814, 1247, 1735, 865, 187, 187, 42, 266, 17571, 14698, 407, 253, 24784, 285, 7320, 779, 9255, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2347, 275, 253, 19867, 7085, 858, 326, 5108, 32, 1422, 1472, 247, 1805, 5103, 685, 326, 13, 14698, 15, 3105, 347, 1175, 347, 309, 717, 13, 10748, 13, 533, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 42, 266, 3260, 849, 352, 574, 4592, 15, 2207, 2139, 352, 574, 4592, 15, 754, 3078, 281, 4089, 352, 432, 253, 637, 2994, 15, 187, 187, 36945, 12491, 275, 247, 1048, 6345, 285, 26004, 3256, 24050, 1598, 13, 19031, 272, 521, 3564, 3676, 715, 521, 21371, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 434, 816, 964, 964, 964, 23259, 13, 352, 434, 973, 964, 964, 964, 352, 434, 816, 964, 964, 964, 973, 13, 1007, 387, 617, 937, 344, 753, 342, 278, 31377, 44089, 15, 346, 42, 1053, 626, 971, 281, 1158, 253, 1039, 309, 1158, 13, 23259, 15, 309, 1663, 1053, 626, 13, 533, 964, 964, 964, 1007, 387, 617, 449, 187, 187, 14866, 5682, 28287, 369, 259, 804, 272, 617, 3564, 13, 285, 247, 1355, 9539, 273, 2872, 1821, 497, 480, 493, 1981, 1016, 643, 323, 253, 10390, 273, 45113, 617, 15, 4325, 835, 344, 6225, 344, 812, 923, 253, 5101, 17834, 745, 253, 12330, 37920, 272, 275, 253, 18803, 273, 617, 1943, 2927, 15, 4058, 45788, 2406, 5541, 369, 36316, 15, 1500, 3261, 2410, 1763, 5356, 940, 376, 9932, 13, 323, 3095, 594, 18024, 387, 269, 297, 42424, 778, 3296, 15, 187, 187, 688, 3223, 314, 13, 247, 2716, 14, 3088, 5282, 1133, 46748, 84, 497, 19031, 562, 281, 617, 15, 1500, 3261, 598, 13, 1579, 4239, 314, 14442, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 703, 434, 3965, 13, 512, 987, 937, 23259, 753, 22072, 314, 15, 187, 187, 4678, 18615, 731, 369, 247, 1355, 26994, 273, 10753, 13, 512, 273, 3692, 37111, 574, 4783, 1892, 285, 11593, 285, 3692, 6174, 497, 13405, 2439, 616, 1161, 7752, 15, 23259, 369, 17328, 273, 369, 793, 670, 281, 47025, 15, 187, 187, 3, 41774, 32, 1500, 434, 271, 23087, 1476, 14698, 15045, 13, 327, 271, 562, 34785, 288, 2345, 15, 346, 2598, 21140, 285, 2238, 449, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1353, 417, 2176, 686, 1258, 27263, 8, 285, 686, 11258, 1255, 8, 403, 39882, 13, 14698, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 476, 3365, 2028, 703, 556, 247, 2798, 273, 5328, 15, 6975, 617, 4707, 964, 964, 17212, 344, 753, 7156, 1031, 15, 187, 187, 42, 266, 24145, 521, 9881, 11834, 521, 11480, 13, 285, 14698, 3261, 9861, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 5103, 6203, 8966, 984, 703, 434, 271, 23087, 32, 309, 1158, 368, 452, 634, 12916, 264, 14965, 13477, 15, 733, 434, 9167, 301, 665, 24628, 32299, 18159, 387, 952, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 369, 271, 7343, 2, 309, 369, 31564, 15, 1500, 369, 964, 964, 964, 703, 858, 964, 964, 964, 703, 858, 1633, 281, 36815, 479, 13, 1339, 434, 816, 3553, 352, 387, 326, 15, 1500, 753, 549, 5316, 90, 369, 617, 7583, 9678, 273, 512, 15, 2064, 642, 581, 3261, 625, 751, 247, 11308, 7122, 685, 342, 247, 6026, 285, 14150, 15, 1244, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 368, 964, 964, 964, 3078, 281, 320, 247, 11308, 7122, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4527, 2282, 2, 14815, 79, 626, 368, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1989, 9167, 301, 310, 253, 47498, 342, 18159, 13, 285, 344, 434, 247, 4688, 1652, 6858, 449, 187, 187, 36945, 21374, 342, 385, 25449, 318, 15, 346, 42, 1158, 368, 1472, 5816, 619, 1127, 13, 11918, 444, 3025, 66, 15, 1737, 5082, 626, 368, 513, 323, 247, 3416, 751, 326, 32, 309, 1557, 323, 619, 10092, 460, 342, 512, 619, 2798, 15, 1244, 2568, 964, 964, 17212, 187, 187, 42, 266, 3261, 689, 627, 969, 13, 285, 1119, 5767, 5682, 28287, 2819, 521, 1039, 13, 617, 2927, 6627, 285, 2830, 635, 1014, 432, 326, 4181, 15, 1284, 604, 703, 3078, 281, 923, 521, 4743, 273, 617, 3045, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 5439, 521, 1133, 275, 247, 16105, 13, 256, 472, 5120, 1652, 3779, 1137, 15, 187, 187, 2993, 3534, 617, 1481, 247, 1652, 15331, 285, 40763, 8140, 27194, 1977, 253, 1133, 46748, 84, 19031, 387, 617, 15, 308, 2878, 264, 617, 1481, 598, 285, 5907, 598, 247, 11820, 15873, 8580, 281, 253, 9539, 273, 1821, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 253, 46413, 273, 534, 6225, 10092, 460, 775, 1875, 285, 22138, 31235, 2191, 13, 665, 3261, 1077, 7378, 281, 5310, 617, 342, 271, 14150, 15, 23259, 369, 13224, 616, 13698, 651, 320, 11527, 13, 285, 13224, 5767, 5682, 28287, 651, 10380, 8773, 13, 984, 604, 2455, 627, 369, 247, 37579, 13, 703, 369, 581, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 369, 271, 4722, 1953, 13, 2299, 13, 326, 14698, 574, 22691, 15, 23259, 574, 2218, 247, 2257, 281, 755, 247, 3416, 15, 38733, 1633, 11213, 10984, 90, 323, 247, 3416, 13, 275, 1340, 281, 21097, 247, 3416, 13, 2299, 13, 390, 6233, 617, 2743, 964, 964, 964, 1620, 15, 9018, 574, 344, 1160, 247, 11213, 273, 2994, 323, 247, 3416, 15, 5595, 273, 521, 2021, 4242, 281, 9446, 344, 574, 247, 41585, 29642, 247, 13915, 4618, 15, 754, 1871, 1620, 1925, 3780, 562, 285, 344, 1871, 1620, 2568, 644, 1925, 562, 13, 2167, 253, 46709, 574, 2624, 352, 1077, 4030, 15, 754, 1871, 1620, 3663, 521, 2564, 689, 247, 3416, 13, 2167, 344, 1871, 4829, 3663, 521, 1495, 689, 581, 285, 574, 5604, 3663, 521, 24027, 2378, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 1871, 1620, 3663, 521, 2564, 281, 253, 1127, 835, 344, 1871, 5103, 3780, 342, 271, 14150, 689, 581, 13, 326, 1199, 369, 2176, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1158, 368, 878, 247, 5484, 13, 14698, 15, 309, 1158, 359, 512, 878, 247, 5484, 15, 1244, 368, 1682, 1056, 2119, 8966, 7777, 7175, 1644, 368, 15, 4923, 253, 1735, 7324, 310, 9602, 13, 285, 309, 3047, 2217, 27771, 486, 1309, 253, 2137, 449, 187, 187, 10810, 41, 37681, 8017, 45236, 644, 512, 253, 13827, 10678, 597, 1871, 2218, 281, 16359, 31494, 1070, 22614, 846, 253, 14150, 7119, 13, 390, 4931, 352, 369, 984, 417, 2217, 10678, 574, 644, 2218, 275, 253, 11772, 273, 253, 14150, 7119, 13, 533, 5010, 10861, 1020, 10880, 3767, 497, 9602, 14816, 2920, 4618, 273, 253, 1616, 15, 6061, 285, 689, 285, 689, 15, 187, 187, 1898, 253, 1616, 2303, 369, 271, 19126, 13, 33055, 751, 247, 45592, 387, 581, 4289, 268, 1951, 15, 187, 187, 3726, 12293, 598, 13, 581, 407, 581, 15, 187, 187, 2809, 302, 13, 581, 407, 581, 15, 187, 187, 1898, 9829, 13, 581, 407, 581, 13, 969, 285, 969, 285, 969, 15, 187, 187, 510, 19126, 6376, 13031, 5356, 6032, 285, 2644, 285, 20786, 3163, 1965, 15138, 275, 253, 23993, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1053, 626, 871, 752, 253, 7596, 310, 937, 23259, 30807, 15, 346, 3404, 436, 2281, 13, 604, 359, 512, 3058, 281, 5310, 776, 2739, 275, 1340, 281, 11883, 13, 359, 1871, 4177, 306, 449, 187, 187, 1328, 651, 452, 7636, 281, 5310, 352, 15, 733, 369, 824, 271, 3477, 2303, 13, 285, 344, 369, 824, 247, 10861, 1020, 5103, 13, 285, 344, 3543, 18195, 275, 247, 2774, 326, 369, 1097, 22544, 285, 34019, 15, 380, 19126, 3058, 9602, 13, 323, 2656, 434, 13232, 15, 187, 187, 18291, 1529, 419, 18628, 12417, 386, 12293, 598, 281, 3289, 13, 285, 9829 ]

There was a great murmuring in the crowd. "Unless yer 'eart is in your arse, Henry, I think you'll live to see another day," someone shouted. Henry whirled vainly trying to get a look, like a dog chasing its tail. The arrow had entered his left buttock cheek. Everybody could see that except him. "He shot me on purpose! Scoundrel!" He lunged for Simon, just as Ian lunged for him, to seize his arm and pull him back. "Calm yourself, lad. You oughtn't move overmuch." The arrow was well and truly in there, piercing right through the nankeen. "Aye, 'ave a rest, milord. Ye might not want to sit down to rest just yet, though," someone called, to general laughter. "Don't laugh!" somebody else shouted. " 'Tis a tragedy! He needs 'is arse for horse riding and sittin' at the pub chairs!" " 'E looks a bit like a weathervane, don't 'e, wi' that thing stickin' out o' 'im?" "That's a fine tail feather ye got there, m'lord! Ye look like me prize rooster!" "That there be a mighty funny-looking grouse ye've bagged there, Simon! Are you going to serve him up tonight?" Simon was wretched and white-faced with shock. His hands were trembling. "Stop it!" "Wot's it feel like, m'lord?" somebody asked the wounded Lord Henry. "It hurts!" he said, sounding surprised and martyred. And a bit intrigued. "Quite a bit, actually." He was doing an admirable job of not weeping, though it certainly looked as though he wanted to. And Ian knew the look of a man who would faint at any moment. "All right. That's enough," he barked. "Behave yourselves, gentlemen. And ladies," he added ironically with a swift and pointed look in Tansy Danforth's direction, whose gaze fled from his. Having been skewered before, though admittedly not with an arrow, Ian had a good deal of sympathy for it. "Is your father at home, Miss Pitney?" he called. Miss Amy Pitney's father was the town doctor. "The next town over, delivering a baby," she said regretfully. Ian sighed. His shoulders slumped. "Very well. I need ten tall and preferably wide volunteers . . ." AND THAT'S HOW, thanks to Miss Danforth, Ian found himself on his hands and knees carefully extracting an arrow from the large white hindquarter of a whimpering man. He was laid out, facedown, on a blanket. Rather like a grouse at a banquet, in fact. Ian's volunteers surrounded poor Lord Henry in a circle, backs to him, shielding him from the crowd. Nankeen was trimmed away neatly with a knife. Ian thrust his flask at him and instructed him to drink. He was given a rag with which to muffle his screams. And when the arrow was extracted, he was bandaged adroitly, because Ian had needed to do it dozens of times before during the war. Lord Henry didn't faint, but it was a near thing. "See the doctor this evening, if you can," Ian instructed the unfortunate, punctured Henry. Simon was white and wringing his hands, hovering on the outskirts of the circle. "I'm sorry. I'm so sorry, I'm so sorry, I'm so sorry. I didn't mean it, Henry, I'm so sorry." "No hard feelings." Harry was clipped but magnanimous in martyrdom. "Do you intend to shoot Duggan next?" Ian seized Simon by the elbow and pulled him aside. "How in the bloody hell did that happen? You're a better shot than that, Simon. Not as good as I am, naturally, but . . ." Ian knew how it had happened. Or why it had happened. He wanted to hear it from the man himself. Simon drew in a long breath and exhaled miserably, thrusting his hands deep into his pockets. "It's just . . . Ian, it's well . . . it's just . . . well, look at her," he said with muffled anguish. "I don't want to think the way I think, Ian. I really don't, but . . . look at her." Miss Danforth was wringing her hands, and a small crowd of young men were jostling each other for the honor of comforting her. From where he stood he could see the sun glance off the tears glittering in the corners of her big eyes. Her lush lower lip was trembling. She looked convincingly distraught, for someone so skilled at fomenting mayhem. Instantly, a half-dozen handkerchiefs were thrust out to her. She looked up, limpidly grateful. "Oh, she's pretty, all right," Ian said grimly. Behind them was a small knot of females, all of whose mouths had gone hard and horizontal and whose arms were crossed across their chests. Ian was reminded of wasps about to swarm. "Pretty? She's an angel!" Simon corrected, on an outraged hush. "So delicate and kind." "I'm not certain 'flattery' and 'kindness' are synonymous, Simon." "You can simply tell she has a heart of gold. Like her hair . . ." he said dreamily. Ian snapped his fingers beneath his nose, and Simon looked surprised. "You shot Lord Henry because she's an angel? I think you have your winged beings confused. It's Cupid who supposedly shoots arrows at people." "It was an accident! I was distracted. She was . . . she did . . . she did something to distract me, let's just leave it at that. She said archery was her favorite sport of all. That no one looked more like a Greek god than with a bow and arrow. And . . ." "And you . . . wanted to be a Greek god?" "Of course! Wouldn't you?" "But Cupid is the deity with arrows, and he's a fat little baby." Simon sighed with exasperation. "I think you're missing my point, Captain Eversea. What wouldn't you do for a woman like that? I care for my Josephine with all my heart. And yet . . ." Ian looked over there again, and found Miss Danforth looking his way, her eyes bright and silvery even from that distance. As if she wanted to see his opinion of her performance. He raised his hand in a subtle, sardonic little salute. She gave her head a little toss and graciously waved away the handkerchiefs thrust at her. Tilted her head up and offered up a tremulous smile to the crowd of men. On the outskirts of which stood Josephine Charing and Amy Pitney, who looked very willing to shoot her with an arrow. Ian was confident their aims would be terrible, and confident Miss Danforth would somehow escape, because if ever there was a survivor, she was one. It was an interesting question, however, that Simon had posed. Ian had done a lot to get a woman. Doing something foolhardy for a woman, in order to impress a woman, however, or earn her regard . . . never. Never had he made a fool of himself for a woman. Most of his family failed to recognize he had a pragmatic streak a mile wide. He'd never called anyone out and he'd never yet been called out, though the duke had cut it very fine. He'd never lost his mind over a woman, though he'd nearly lost his life over one and had certainly lost his dignity once. He'd never lost his mind to the point where he'd shot anyone with an arrow over one, that much was certain. "I think you need a drink, Simon. I think we all need a drink. And you best make sure Henry truly forgives you. Because the next competition is shooting, and I saw enough carnage during the war." PERHAPS IT HAD been all the stiff drinking they'd done to settle rattled nerves after the arrow incident, or perhaps it was because not enough drinking had been done in the wake of the arrow incident, but otherwise skillful marksmen were shooting shamefully wide of the mark. Over and over and over. And the mark target was an apple, glowing like a beacon at one hundred paces. They stepped up, one by one. Shot, one by one. And missed, one by one, again and again and again. The apple remained mockingly smooth and whole and gleamed improbably in the sunlight. "I don't know what the trouble is," Ian muttered. "At this rate, if we all needed to shoot our food in order to survive, we'd starve." He would have loved to shoot it. It was such an easy target, and he was such a skillful shot, and he felt trapped in a moment that was both dull and embarrassing. The apple needed shooting, for God's sake. Yet another hapless contestant stepped up to fire, and missed

[ 342, 247, 3644, 29970, 574, 12293, 432, 253, 12195, 273, 253, 21175, 7139, 13, 247, 5654, 46137, 275, 521, 18976, 274, 1070, 3564, 2, 187, 187, 19658, 721, 187, 187, 49, 1400, 20604, 7500, 1410, 25692, 1410, 187, 187, 3, 5804, 626, 368, 2096, 7871, 865, 253, 1711, 637, 15665, 13, 26441, 342, 5798, 14, 3022, 29134, 432, 253, 39411, 273, 21175, 7139, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3650, 672, 309, 1353, 15153, 1066, 247, 11129, 1930, 387, 767, 4289, 6574, 271, 4964, 1476, 42778, 10017, 15, 346, 7845, 13, 651, 368, 2564, 13458, 326, 35996, 275, 690, 643, 3884, 32, 733, 1537, 564, 745, 449, 187, 187, 510, 1711, 637, 17892, 253, 35694, 13, 533, 253, 22072, 3104, 273, 521, 1488, 34269, 13, 16269, 90, 2454, 858, 417, 7921, 15, 187, 187, 3, 3633, 598, 1476, 344, 26814, 13, 354, 38699, 617, 342, 253, 25283, 273, 521, 5536, 7491, 15, 346, 3633, 562, 273, 1060, 2, 309, 1912, 626, 452, 368, 390, 667, 643, 1629, 1321, 327, 619, 2867, 449, 187, 187, 3, 5872, 1581, 479, 281, 1056, 247, 14876, 937, 25995, 42778, 26757, 5954, 15, 346, 12501, 598, 1529, 23186, 273, 2534, 3026, 6371, 285, 368, 1833, 452, 731, 512, 275, 253, 4675, 1476, 187, 187, 2993, 2206, 598, 13, 27143, 314, 3543, 273, 617, 1669, 23469, 285, 840, 3407, 281, 16463, 8762, 432, 617, 18553, 15, 346, 8917, 368, 923, 479, 1056, 253, 6923, 865, 703, 2546, 15, 346, 42, 2335, 352, 816, 751, 247, 294, 25313, 254, 15, 2207, 513, 309, 1599, 247, 20001, 4415, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 1160, 247, 1077, 19328, 6923, 1476, 344, 851, 7551, 15, 346, 42, 812, 452, 2218, 1805, 4266, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 17377, 598, 342, 13241, 1600, 15, 346, 4013, 13, 513, 368, 21114, 865, 187, 187, 3463, 436, 673, 703, 642, 3356, 369, 9202, 273, 253, 1711, 637, 13, 604, 6296, 703, 574, 2455, 644, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 13, 309, 1053, 626, 21114, 1476, 344, 9577, 34456, 314, 15, 346, 4125, 24284, 598, 2, 5057, 1110, 1629, 261, 745, 285, 1265, 4886, 2, 309, 1833, 417, 3343, 512, 1388, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 3407, 281, 440, 13871, 253, 1048, 288, 781, 590, 30451, 13, 533, 342, 642, 39284, 921, 273, 48326, 15, 1500, 17377, 1095, 8140, 670, 253, 8762, 90, 1673, 15, 743, 1711, 17914, 6225, 417, 2080, 1977, 15, 33007, 504, 352, 281, 8736, 247, 1270, 8031, 273, 5534, 534, 4925, 4829, 347, 1029, 347, 253, 10699, 15, 11970, 253, 7139, 703, 7270, 247, 27105, 273, 247, 8588, 14, 31975, 2412, 17216, 342, 11283, 1095, 1981, 826, 91, 1031, 432, 253, 20098, 19114, 2191, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 42778, 369, 5001, 352, 13, 703, 3047, 247, 10299, 273, 3295, 387, 581, 273, 253, 8323, 15, 329, 3226, 665, 1537, 452, 644, 617, 1211, 2363, 574, 617, 2454, 13661, 1411, 253, 41288, 15, 41583, 42778, 434, 15944, 2220, 617, 13, 703, 3407, 281, 1056, 14462, 534, 812, 417, 320, 7192, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1711, 637, 671, 3531, 521, 1481, 281, 1007, 2584, 253, 17216, 15, 41853, 13, 253, 3226, 15159, 432, 253, 3497, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2513, 326, 835, 368, 3153, 865, 39257, 42778, 15, 187, 187, 20576, 273, 22291, 13, 253, 1711, 637, 17571, 617, 407, 253, 1133, 285, 7320, 617, 281, 617, 4669, 15, 187, 187, 3, 6826, 1476, 344, 26814, 15, 346, 1898, 1053, 626, 1339, 479, 5834, 368, 1060, 969, 1476, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 943, 2122, 617, 1629, 261, 285, 4395, 2584, 253, 19354, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2598, 7016, 281, 452, 13572, 634, 5322, 8762, 937, 703, 46446, 15, 346, 42, 1833, 1611, 417, 281, 40209, 515, 969, 449, 187, 187, 36, 2040, 1981, 762, 253, 2534, 3026, 6371, 19354, 13, 42778, 851, 83, 2575, 617, 1039, 598, 253, 14679, 281, 253, 1127, 327, 253, 11693, 835, 703, 574, 2668, 253, 3430, 1614, 15, 1707, 703, 32360, 285, 4720, 4425, 281, 2940, 327, 281, 253, 401, 26163, 8614, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 4282, 665, 326, 3226, 369, 387, 253, 3497, 865, 42778, 11392, 347, 703, 492, 438, 2400, 2112, 15, 346, 2993, 3261, 1512, 2872, 281, 320, 8937, 1536, 1886, 254, 434, 6122, 15, 1244, 752, 369, 703, 2820, 281, 2028, 479, 865, 187, 187, 510, 1895, 369, 1512, 3676, 323, 617, 281, 8415, 15, 1292, 703, 1160, 598, 617, 2564, 703, 651, 1642, 6827, 15, 23549, 2191, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 38493, 1711, 637, 347, 3517, 347, 703, 4895, 281, 253, 40486, 15, 187, 187, 1785, 5250, 253, 401, 26163, 8614, 13, 42778, 24805, 617, 1629, 261, 24922, 275, 247, 8762, 17703, 2822, 253, 2914, 3369, 13, 285, 2427, 3304, 15, 1500, 1119, 5972, 275, 247, 1048, 16612, 387, 253, 990, 273, 534, 369, 247, 1270, 8805, 39696, 342, 247, 2716, 15676, 2412, 327, 253, 4089, 394, 15, 11590, 25637, 275, 4759, 36137, 285, 27188, 16020, 35197, 264, 281, 285, 8954, 15, 329, 2087, 10576, 273, 2425, 591, 87, 7917, 253, 1659, 15, 187, 187, 1909, 42778, 369, 44520, 670, 13, 703, 3047, 7903, 460, 11418, 3553, 271, 26225, 285, 1705, 7808, 2439, 253, 16612, 15, 380, 20453, 651, 417, 452, 2326, 617, 574, 703, 417, 13452, 15, 187, 187, 3, 2347, 513, 368, 513, 13, 5767, 11418, 15, 309, 1904, 626, 1902, 281, 923, 368, 1060, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 5767, 19838, 1476, 380, 20453, 8, 2454, 369, 253, 5406, 273, 25813, 15, 346, 42, 1849, 574, 253, 954, 44397, 30181, 42460, 1476, 187, 187, 3, 4967, 13, 752, 556, 4592, 865, 39257, 42778, 13, 3738, 703, 1869, 703, 3260, 253, 3662, 281, 617, 1953, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1849, 816, 2326, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 449, 5767, 11418, 18561, 2400, 715, 253, 24484, 273, 247, 14093, 321, 8140, 598, 11171, 296, 2122, 277, 7603, 631, 285, 18274, 617, 1481, 896, 1411, 253, 36100, 15, 187, 187, 3, 7093, 4572, 1904, 626, 1614, 562, 347, 368, 3264, 865, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 5082, 626, 1918, 479, 253, 629, 15, 388, 366, 1020, 1711, 23244, 2, 754, 1014, 9284, 281, 1581, 479, 281, 7568, 849, 973, 309, 812, 1239, 253, 3104, 2, 1244, 344, 753, 690, 1077, 50124, 1841, 281, 479, 449, 187, 187, 3, 2773, 310, 1512, 3076, 937, 4895, 42778, 12514, 4349, 85, 1037, 15, 346, 1276, 588, 368, 513, 1024, 32, 3617, 896, 1728, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 1053, 626, 871, 937, 253, 3416, 10017, 275, 25813, 15, 346, 42, 651, 3297, 604, 309, 1869, 309, 812, 1818, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 434, 4743, 15, 3166, 368, 1158, 309, 812, 865, 187, 187, 3, 42, 10095, 626, 22276, 352, 4266, 15, 4683, 2282, 13, 309, 1053, 626, 871, 2712, 670, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1328, 434, 1077, 2660, 27569, 15, 11243, 604, 309, 4934, 15105, 272, 779, 344, 651, 4720, 1918, 479, 247, 4839, 449, 187, 187, 3, 4497, 13, 352, 1537, 320, 4409, 2820, 937, 42778, 753, 5545, 2920, 15, 346, 1989, 309, 1158, 604, 309, 497, 368, 309, 651, 1091, 1728, 449, 187, 187, 3, 3074, 273, 619, 3858, 588, 9012, 387, 479, 15, 1583, 1869, 352, 369, 24924, 281, 1705, 562, 1060, 347, 352, 369, 15, 309, 476, 626, 564, 896, 15, 309, 717, 21802, 281, 2118, 1066, 281, 436, 8614, 594, 309, 1833, 320, 2104, 281, 1978, 275, 5181, 342, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 342, 1679, 10183, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 434, 247, 1077, 5322, 2819, 8614, 937, 20503, 42778, 15, 346, 5892, 3134, 13, 309, 1849, 644, 2183, 449, 187, 187, 3, 688, 253, 921, 2136, 581, 1364, 1978, 598, 18655, 387, 512, 2105, 937, 10017, 5767, 11418, 15, 346, 42, 2868, 309, 1833, 40279, 670, 253, 4142, 449, 187, 187, 6175, 42778, 13308, 13, 253, 20453, 13405, 689, 281, 253, 8597, 285, 10062, 342, 247, 21334, 15, 496, 247, 1355, 3906, 2810, 407, 13, 26378, 401, 26163, 285, 24611, 28200, 812, 320, 2326, 275, 21183, 15, 1583, 497, 268, 4263, 689, 247, 3977, 1063, 13, 8505, 12669, 2136, 8553, 15, 187, 187, 14866, 11418, 4895, 275, 247, 2774, 15, 346, 42, 1849, 2668, 247, 2316, 937, 703, 6138, 15, 346, 42, 476, 626, 7848, 352, 13, 533, 309, 717, 2509, 352, 8791, 449, 187, 187, 3, 12978, 368, 320, 2104, 281, 8722, 865, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 309, 1833, 1408, 598, 247, 6007, 285, 840, 1339, 731, 1611, 281, 4822, 1476, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 37432, 387, 253, 20453, 342, 21332, 7001, 1003, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 13353, 1053, 626, 1599, 368, 651, 21547, 809, 42433, 253, 8614, 865, 187, 187, 3, 3650, 594, 11216, 390, 253, 21334, 588, 4089, 368, 937, 5767, 11418, 14315, 15, 346, 1898, 1053, 626, 897, 824, 271, 19513, 3159, 15, 1310, 309, 2659, 253, 629, 342, 2305, 15, 11960, 31404, 13, 273, 2282, 309, 1833, 2075, 15, 1310, 417, 1128, 783, 9065, 597, 476, 513, 310, 281, 4710, 479, 562, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 753, 642, 625, 533, 617, 4743, 273, 5767, 11418, 574, 31206, 2067, 417, 2706, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1276, 403, 368, 2509, 1060, 865, 253, 20453, 39257, 13, 4541, 6890, 253, 2256, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 309, 816, 2210, 1066, 281, 1007, 689, 253, 8614, 15, 733, 434, 1077, 1863, 1164, 90, 13, 533, 309, 751, 6827, 15, 23549, 2191, 434, 1659, 1805, 449, 187, 187, 14866, 11418, 3531, 281, 3553, 15, 346, 42, 717, 1469, 896, 627, 1024, 281, 2451, 562, 937, 703, 8884, 15, 346, 17304, 368, 751, 281, 2940, 2112, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 13, 5717, 368, 13, 309, 1833, 816, 3297, 1060, 285, 1551, 323, 247, 1643, 2909, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 574, 642, 1524, 4096, 275, 3551, 281, 253, 401, 26163, 8614, 15, 1500, 7960, 574, 644, 14338, 281, 923, 752, 352, 369, 751, 15, 4952, 247, 15120, 15981, 1160, 352, 2590, 326, 6827, 15, 23549, 2191, 434, 16453, 1652, 40486, 1620, 812, 15639, 342, 824, 247, 42570, 13701, 15, 187, 187, 2993, 5421, 253, 9365, 273, 253, 7732, 275, 253, 16612, 15, 1707, 4455, 281, 320, 247, 8921, 50131, 273, 952, 13, 1690, 247, 1781, 1180, 273, 1821, 285, 2255, 665, 5604, 574, 1620, 644, 8392, 281, 34289, 9872, 407, 253, 46237, 15, 42778, 1869, 364, 14381, 1037, 326, 352, 651, 320, 4722, 281, 923, 690, 273, 253, 4688, 13, 30459, 11712, 14, 13565, 4394, 1379, 247, 3034, 934, 327, 253, 46903, 28677, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1989, 752, 310, 253, 21779, 273, 436, 1659, 13, 604, 417, 253, 46237, 865, 703, 39340, 15, 346, 2512, 310, 642, 643, 830, 273, 14608, 449, 187, 187, 13349, 1574, 13, 247, 973, 14, 22210, 10692, 275, 20035, 1981, 2806, 23048, 13, 617, 1133, 5536, 342, 16673, 14445, 13, 19925, 12200, 42778, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 2353, 634, 34030, 937, 703, 753, 13, 346, 5092, 368, 2028, 479, 849, 281, 1089, 253, 6115, 19121, 865, 187, 187, 3, 2302, 13, 309, 476, 626, 937, 10017, 42778, 15, 346, 42, 651, 878, 247, 3711, 281, 755, 1475, 275, 436, 8614, 15, 1422, 1537, 1642, 387, 253, 8597, 449, 187, 187, 510, 3416, 892, 42648, 689, 281, 253, 21334, 285, 2546, 253, 1072, 1953, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1394, 452, 634, 3120, 13, 6984, 312, 865, 344, 39257, 275, 247, 1698, 10541, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4013, 13, 4754, 13, 281, 320, 2119, 15, 380, 7205, 3559, 352, 281, 479, 436, 4131, 449, 187, 187, 3, 12864, 253, 26225, 281, 253, 1273, 5254, 12916, 937, 253, 637, 17189, 15, 346, 42556, 3307, 15, 10684, 634, 3120, 281, 253, 513, 39221, 285, 368, 588, 320, 8176, 449, 187, 187, 49, 10614, 13308, 1919, 846, 253, 3416, 574, 4783, 1977, 15, 2635, 703, 20944, 285, 618, 328, 3606, 2439, 253, 16612, 15, 1500, 5055, 598, 247, 17167, 273, 8614, 6239, 533, 627, 369, 642, 3748, 273, 667, 6115, 19121, 15, 367, 36314, 407, 253, 26225, 13, 703, 13308, 1919, 253, 22133, 369, 36986, 273, 16479, 1078, 8288, 281, 253, 33482, 13, 247, 2502, 12860, 5006, 273, 670, 33395, 15, 187, 187, 3, 7161, 310, 253, 6115, 19121, 13, 4496, 865, 187, 187, 3, 10951, 5254, 13, 5767, 449, 187, 187, 3, 1898, 752, 310, 352, 32, 329, 17552, 2316, 865, 187, 187, 510, 33482, 5103, 617, 247, 19532, 17834, 285, 3534, 271, 3662, 534, 369, 9696, 8921 ]

with a dark beard had stepped from the shadow of the pine trees, a gun grasped in his gnarled hands! CHAPTER 6 PENNY TRESPASSES "Can't you understand signs?" the old man demanded, advancing with cat-like tread from the fringe of pine trees. "Not when I'm traveling down a mountain side at two hundred miles an hour!" Penny replied. "Please, would you mind pointing that cannon in some other direction? It might go off." The old man lowered the shotgun, but the grim lines of his wrinkled, leathery face did not relax. "Get up!" he commanded, prodding her with the toe of his heavy boot. "Get out of here! I won't have you or any other skier on my property." "Then allow me to make a suggestion," remarked Penny pleasantly. "Put up another strand of barbed wire and you'll have them all in the hospital!" She sat up, gingerly felt of her left ankle and then began to brush snow from her jacket. "Did you see me make the jump?" she asked. "I took it just like a reindeer. Or do I mean a gazelle?" "You made a very awkward jump!" he retorted. "I could have done better myself." Penny glanced up with genuine interest. "Oh, do you ski?" By this time she no longer was afraid of the old man, if indeed she had ever been. "No, I don't ski!" he answered impatiently. "Now hurry up! Get those skis off and start moving! I'll not wait all day." Penny began to unstrap the long hickory runners, but with no undue show of haste. She glanced curiously about the snowy field. An old shed stood not far away. Beside it towered a great stack of wood which reached nearly as high as the roof. Through the trees she caught a glimpse of a weather-stained log cabin with smoke curling lazily from the brick chimney. As Penny was regarding it, she saw a flash of color at one of the windows. A girl who might have been her own age had her face pressed against the pane. Seeing Penny's gaze upon her, she began to make motions which could not be understood. The old man also turned his head to look toward the cabin. Immediately, the girl disappeared from the window. "Is that where you live?" inquired Penny. Instead of answering, the old man seized her by the hand and pulled her to her feet. "Go!" he commanded. "And don't let me catch you here again!" Penny shouldered her skis and moved toward the fence. "So sorry to have damaged your nice snow," she apologized. "I'll try not to trespass again." Crawling under the barbed wire fence, Penny retraced her way up the slope to the point on the trail where she had taken the wrong turn. There she hesitated and finally decided to walk on to the Fergus hotel. "I wonder who that girl was at the window?" Penny reflected as she trudged along. "She looked too young to be Old Whisker's daughter. And what was she trying to tell me?" The problem was too deep for her to solve. But she made up her mind she would ask Mrs. Downey the name of the queer old man as soon as she returned to the lodge. Reaching the Fergus hotel, Penny parked her skis upright in a snowbank near the front door, and went inside. She found herself in a long lobby at the end of which was a great stone fireplace with a half burned log on the hearth. Bellboys in green uniforms and brass buttons darted to and fro. A general stir of activity pervaded the place. As Penny was gazing about, she saw Maxine Miller leave an elevator and come slowly across the lobby. The actress would not have seen her had she not spoken. "How do you do, Miss Miller. I didn't expect to see you here." "Oh, Miss Parker!" The actress' face was the picture of despair. "I've had the most wretched misfortune!" "Why, what has happened?" inquired Penny, although she thought she knew the answer to her question. "I've just seen Mr. Balantine." Miss Miller sagged into the depths of a luxuriously upholstered davenport and leaned her head back against the cushion. "Your interview didn't turn out as you expected?" "He wouldn't give me the part. Hateful old goat! He even refused to allow me to demonstrate how well I could read the lines! And he said some very insulting things to me." "That is too bad," returned Penny sympathetically. "What will you do now? Go back home?" "I don't know," the woman replied in despair. "I would stay if I thought I could change Mr. Balantine's opinion. Do you think I could?" "I shouldn't advise it myself. Of course, I don't know anything about Mr. Balantine." "He's very temperamental. Perhaps if I kept bothering him he would finally give me a chance." "Well, it might be worth trying," Penny said doubtfully. "But I think if I were you I would return home." "All of my friends will laugh at me. They thought it was foolish to come out here as it was. I can't go back. I am inclined to move down to this hotel so I'll be able to keep in touch with Mr. Balantine with less difficulty." "It's a very nice looking hotel," commented Penny. "Expensive, I've been told." "In the show business one must keep up appearances at all cost," replied Miss Miller. "I believe I'll inquire about the rates." While Penny waited, the actress crossed over to the desk and talked with a clerk. In a small office close by, Ralph Fergus and Harvey Maxwell could be seen in consultation. They were poring over a ledger, apparently checking business accounts. Miss Miller returned in a moment. "I've taken a room," she announced. "I can't afford it, but I am doing it anyway." "Will you be able to manage?" "Oh, I'll run up a bill and then let them try to collect!" Penny gazed at the actress with frank amazement. "You surely don't mean you would deliberately defraud the hotel?" "Not so loud or the clerk will hear you," Miss Miller warned. "And don't use such an ugly word. If I land the part with Mr. Balantine, of course I'll pay. If not—the worst they can do is to throw me out." Penny said no more but her opinion of Miss Miller had descended several notches. "What are you doing here?" the actress inquired, quickly changing the subject. "Oh, I just came down to look over the hotel. It's very swanky, but I like Mrs. Downey's place better." Miss Miller turned to leave. "I am going back there now to check out," she declared. "Would you like to walk along?" "No, thank you, I'll just stay here and rest for a few minutes." Penny had no real purpose in coming to the Fergus hotel. She merely had been curious to see what it was like. Even a casual inspection made it clear that Mrs. Downey's modest little lodge never could compete with such a luxurious establishment. She studied the faces of the persons in the lobby. There seemed to be a strange assortment of people, including a large number of men and women who certainly had never been drawn to Pine Top by the skiing. Penny thought whimsically that it would be interesting to see some of the fat, pampered-looking ones take a tumble on the slippery slopes. "But what is the attraction of this place, if not the skiing?" she puzzled. "There is no other form of entertainment." Presently, a well-fed lady in rustling black silk, her hand heavy with diamond rings, paused beside Penny. "I beg your pardon," she said, "can you tell me how to find the Green Room?" "No, I can't," replied Penny. "I would need a map to get around in this hotel. You might ask at the desk." The woman fluttered over to the clerk and asked the same question. "You have your card, Madam?" he inquired in a low tone. "Oh, yes, to be sure. The manager presented it to me this morning." "Take the elevator to the second floor wing," the man instructed. "Room 22. Show your card to the doorman and you will be admitted." Penny waited until after the woman had gone away. Then she arose and sauntered across the lobby. She picked up a handful of hotel literature but there was no mention of any Green Room. Pausing by the elevator, she waited until the cage was deserted of passengers before speaking to the attendant, a red headed boy of about seventeen. "Where is the Green Room, please?" "Second floor, Miss." "And what is it? A dining room?" The attendant shot her a peculiar glance and gave an answer which was equally strange

[ 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 9, 10613, 30, 11336, 10, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 7506, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 7912, 16, 2009, 2701, 19, 5295, 686, 19, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 7912, 16, 2009, 17465, 18, 5295, 686, 18, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 12110, 2701, 20, 5295, 686, 20, 1383, 187, 50266, 2311, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 531, 64, 10613, 9, 1286, 13, 1729, 10404, 2262, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 5295, 3410, 64, 10423, 1082, 5013, 52, 16788, 34296, 16445, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 10613, 64, 1590, 426, 14412, 52, 16788, 34296, 6038, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 2073, 11345, 17465, 5903, 254, 15, 28971, 15, 8102, 19, 40064, 1383, 187, 50259, 1920, 375, 1553, 30, 5088, 10, 347, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 27, 187, 50266, 24568, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 8, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 3550, 64, 42161, 1082, 187, 50270, 483, 13, 1486, 426, 1729, 10404, 15, 1088, 11872, 83, 1082, 187, 50270, 8271, 562, 2295, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 61, 79, 8, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 9, 10613, 30, 5013, 52, 16788, 34296, 23405, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 7506, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 12110, 2701, 20, 5295, 686, 20, 1383, 187, 50266, 2311, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 187, 2437, 6004, 2765, 45, 27368, 9, 34102, 53, 9358, 2262, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 19583, 9, 1286, 13, 1729, 10404, 2262, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 3410, 64, 10423, 64, 6682, 1082, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 2073, 11345, 17465, 5903, 254, 15, 28971, 15, 8102, 19, 40064, 3401, 347, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 27, 187, 50266, 24568, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 8, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 3550, 64, 10423, 1082, 187, 50270, 483, 13, 1486, 426, 1729, 10404, 15, 1088, 11872, 83, 1082, 187, 50270, 8271, 562, 2295, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 61, 79, 8, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 9, 2327, 64, 893, 30, 5088, 13, 2579, 30, 11336, 10, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 7506, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 7912, 16, 2009, 2701, 19, 5295, 686, 1525, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 7912, 16, 2009, 17465, 18, 5295, 686, 18, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 12110, 2701, 20, 5295, 686, 740, 313, 7656, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 4396, 91, 2701, 21, 5295, 686, 1706, 313, 11252, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 17465, 342, 10393, 4869, 84, 16, 373, 64, 301, 5295, 686, 740, 313, 11252, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 4396, 91, 2701, 22, 5295, 686, 1549, 15, 17, 313, 3864, 302, 284, 18619, 187, 50266, 2311, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 531, 64, 10613, 9, 1286, 13, 1729, 10404, 2262, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 5295, 3410, 64, 10423, 64, 6682, 1082, 5013, 52, 16788, 34296, 16445, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 10613, 64, 1590, 426, 14412, 52, 16788, 34296, 6038, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 2073, 11345, 17465, 5903, 254, 15, 28971, 15, 8102, 19, 40064, 3401, 347, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 27, 187, 50266, 24568, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 8, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 3550, 64, 10423, 1082, 187, 50270, 483, 13, 1486, 426, 1729, 10404, 15, 1088, 11872, 83, 1082, 187, 50270, 8271, 562, 2295, 686, 69, 19, 68, 1208, 61, 79, 8, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 788, 64, 10423, 9, 2327, 64, 893, 30, 5088, 13, 2579, 30, 5013, 52, 16788, 34296, 23405, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 69, 19, 68, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 7506, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 12110, 2701, 20, 5295, 686, 740, 313, 7656, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 4396, 91, 2701, 21, 5295, 686, 1706, 313, 11252, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 17465, 342, 10393, 4869, 84, 16, 373, 64, 301, 5295, 686, 740, 313, 11252, 41149, 187, 50262, 8, 52, 16788, 34296, 16, 4396, 91, 2701, 22, 5295, 686, 1549, 15, 17, 313, 3864, 302, 284, 18619, 187, 50266, 2311, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 187, 2437, 6004, 4531, 24314, 9677, 9, 34102, 53, 9358, 2262, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 19583, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1189, 83, 1487, 426, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 4625, 19, 16, 34296, 2534, 5295, 346, 19, 995, 187, 50266, 8, 38, 6275, 74, 15554, 16, 15554, 7368, 749, 3024, 2390, 5295, 346, 2313, 995, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 1178, 64, 17465, 64, 1189, 83, 1487, 9, 1189, 83, 1487, 10, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 1178, 64, 17465, 64, 37488, 2073, 4625, 19, 1383, 686, 34296, 2534, 1383, 374, 582, 187, 50266, 4065, 15, 1178, 64, 17465, 64, 37488, 9, 187, 50262, 8, 38, 6275, 74, 15554, 1383, 187, 50262, 8, 15554, 7368, 749, 3024, 2390, 1383, 187, 50262, 2313, 187, 50266, 10, 187, 50270, 62, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 3775, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 1189, 83, 1487, 426, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 4625, 19, 5295, 374, 13, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 5903, 254, 426, 33833, 9, 4157, 64, 1178, 30, 34, 8819, 24314, 9063, 254, 10, 187, 50270, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 5903, 254, 426, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 187, 50270, 3113, 268, 1767, 383, 15, 376, 3013, 9, 3902, 4756, 10, 347, 2507, 5374, 27, 187, 50266, 1286, 15, 40087, 15, 1178, 64, 17465, 64, 1189, 83, 1487, 9, 1189, 83, 1487, 10, 187, 50270, 8271, 13031, 64, 5903, 254, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 8168, 187, 50270, 338, 11876, 15, 4149, 64, 5374, 60, 17, 62, 2239, 374, 27, 187, 50266, 4856, 426, 2507, 5374, 15, 2877, 15, 8854, 60, 17, 62, 187, 50270, 7271, 27, 187, 50266, 4856, 426, 2507, 5374, 15, 2877, 15, 8559, 187, 50270, 8271, 14441, 2295, 346, 24314, 4454, 1364, 320, 275, 346, 393, 187, 50266, 27898, 10613, 16, 17465, 8, 5981, 28, 13507, 19, 310, 12078, 449, 535, 187, 2437, 6004, 9624, 17219, 9, 34102, 53, 9358, 2262, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 6790, 64, 3140, 64, 4789, 1630, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 2203, 426, 1484, 8, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 2023, 346, 35, 5247, 1381, 17579, 5622, 1662, 1381, 11087, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 15, 1088, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 15, 788, 64, 6082, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 27428, 15163, 5295, 13031, 64, 2915, 94, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 9, 187, 50266, 8, 6, 84, 15, 5758, 8, 2462, 268, 67, 13, 13031, 64, 5758, 9, 1088, 64, 2203, 30, 2203, 582, 2794, 30, 5088, 187, 50270, 10, 347, 278, 64, 5758, 27, 187, 50266, 3113, 12097, 2073, 6, 84, 15, 67, 4881, 20, 15, 8780, 8, 2462, 268, 67, 10, 347, 278, 64, 8780, 27, 187, 50262, 78, 64, 8780, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 13031, 64, 8780, 187, 50262, 373, 426, 1881, 15, 40087, 15, 2799, 64, 8456, 28199, 12110, 16, 2009, 16, 31953, 15, 8456, 3401, 187, 50270, 8271, 278, 64, 5758, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 28199, 12110, 16, 2009, 16, 31953, 15, 8456, 1383, 686, 83, 11470, 187, 50266, 4065, 5023, 876, 9553, 876, 5715, 187, 50266, 4065, 5023, 1088, 5715, 187, 50266, 4065, 5023, 876, 19874, 21920, 11336, 13, 8256, 13, 8256, 10, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 278, 64, 8780, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 8168, 187, 50270, 8271, 501, 2295, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 34296, 5295, 27428, 2009, 5295, 3495, 13, 686, 31953, 5295, 721, 2023, 187, 50266, 8, 35, 5247, 5295, 27428, 5622, 1662, 5295, 11087, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 84, 20, 64, 4789, 1630, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 2203, 426, 686, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 2023, 346, 35, 5247, 1381, 17579, 5622, 1662, 1381, 11087, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 15, 1088, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 941, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 15, 788, 64, 6082, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 27428, 15163, 5295, 13031, 64, 2915, 94, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 9, 187, 50266, 8, 6, 84, 15, 5758, 8, 2462, 268, 67, 13, 13031, 64, 5758, 9, 1088, 64, 2203, 30, 2203, 582, 2794, 30, 5088, 187, 50270, 10, 347, 278, 64, 5758, 27, 187, 50266, 3113, 12097, 2073, 6, 84, 15, 67, 4881, 20, 15, 8780, 8, 2462, 268, 67, 10, 347, 278, 64, 8780, 27, 187, 50262, 78, 64, 8780, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 13031, 64, 8780, 187, 50262, 373, 426, 1881, 15, 40087, 15, 2799, 64, 8456, 9, 187, 50258, 434, 20, 1358, 38924, 1590, 16, 2364, 16, 12110, 16, 2009, 16, 31953, 15, 8456, 8, 187, 50262, 10, 187, 50270, 8271, 278, 64, 5758, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 8168, 187, 50270, 8271, 278, 64, 8780, 15, 24568, 64, 4065, 84, 2295, 544, 187, 50266, 4065, 2073, 84, 20, 11470, 187, 50266, 4065, 5023, 788, 64, 6082, 9, 47773, 5473, 38924, 1590, 1383, 10030, 5473, 2364, 16, 12110, 16, 2009, 16, 31953, 15, 8456, 3401, 187, 50270, 62, 187, 50270, 8271, 501, 2295, 551, 187, 50266, 8, 34296, 5295, 27428, 2009, 5295, 3495, 13, 686, 31953, 5295, 721, 2023, 187, 50266, 8, 35, 5247, 5295, 27428, 5622, 1662, 5295, 11087, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50274, 1545, 1071, 64, 6790, 64, 3140, 64, 4789, 1787, 9, 1286, 2262, 187, 50270, 2203, 426, 686, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 2023, 346, 35, 5247, 1381, 17579, 5622, 1662, 1381, 11087, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 2915, 15, 1088, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 686, 9819, 34296, 1381, 17579, 2009, 1381, 3495, 13, 346, 31953, 1381, 721, 47481, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 426, 33833, 1082, 187, 50270, 24568, 64, 8780, 15, 788, 64, 6082, 15, 2309, 64, 2877, 426, 27428, 15163, 5295, 13031, 64, 2915, 94, 187, 50270, 3113, 12097, 9, 187, 50266, 8, 6 ]

[ call.get_limits(service=None) ] assert mock_d2c.mock_calls == [ call({ 'SvcBar/bar limit2': '2', 'SvcBar/barlimit1': '1', 'SvcFoo/foo limit3': '3', }) ] def test_one_service(self, capsys): mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) mock_checker.get_limits.return_value = { 'SvcFoo': sample_limits()['SvcFoo'], } self.cls.checker = mock_checker self.cls.service_name = ['SvcFoo'] with patch('awslimitchecker.runner.dict2cols', autospec=True) as mock_d2c: mock_d2c.return_value = 'd2cval' self.cls.list_defaults() out, err = capsys.readouterr() assert out == 'd2cval\n' assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [ call.get_limits(service=['SvcFoo']) ] assert mock_d2c.mock_calls == [ call({ 'SvcFoo/foo limit3': '3', }) ] class TestListLimits(RunnerTester): def test_simple(self, capsys): mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) mock_checker.get_limits.return_value = sample_limits_api() self.cls.checker = mock_checker with patch('awslimitchecker.runner.dict2cols') as mock_d2c: mock_d2c.return_value = 'd2cval' self.cls.list_limits() out, err = capsys.readouterr() assert out == 'd2cval\n' assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [ call.get_limits(use_ta=True, service=None) ] assert mock_d2c.mock_calls == [ call({ 'SvcBar/bar limit2': '99', 'SvcBar/barlimit1': '1', 'SvcFoo/foo limit3': '10 (TA)', 'SvcFoo/zzz limit4': '34 (API)', 'SvcFoo/limit with usage maximums/res_id': '10 (API)', 'SvcFoo/zzz limit5': '60.0 (Quotas)' }) ] def test_one_service(self, capsys): mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) mock_checker.get_limits.return_value = { 'SvcFoo': sample_limits_api()['SvcFoo'], } self.cls.checker = mock_checker self.cls.service_name = ['SvcFoo'] with patch('awslimitchecker.runner.dict2cols') as mock_d2c: mock_d2c.return_value = 'd2cval' self.cls.list_limits() out, err = capsys.readouterr() assert out == 'd2cval\n' assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [ call.get_limits(use_ta=True, service=['SvcFoo']) ] assert mock_d2c.mock_calls == [ call({ 'SvcFoo/foo limit3': '10 (TA)', 'SvcFoo/zzz limit4': '34 (API)', 'SvcFoo/limit with usage maximums/res_id': '10 (API)', 'SvcFoo/zzz limit5': '60.0 (Quotas)' }) ] class TestSetLimitOverride(RunnerTester): def test_simple(self): overrides = { 'EC2/Foo bar': "2", 'ElastiCache/Cache cluster subnet groups': "100", } mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) self.cls.checker = mock_checker self.cls.set_limit_overrides(overrides) assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [ call.set_limit_override('EC2', 'Foo bar', 2), call.set_limit_override( 'ElastiCache', 'Cache cluster subnet groups', 100 ) ] def test_error(self): overrides = { 'EC2': 2, } mock_checker = Mock(spec_set=AwsLimitChecker) self.cls.checker = mock_checker with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo: self.cls.set_limit_overrides(overrides) assert mock_checker.mock_calls == [] if sys.version_info[0] > 2: msg = excinfo.value.args[0] else: msg = excinfo.value.message assert msg == "Limit names must be in " \ "'service/limit' format; EC2 is invalid." class TestLoadJson(RunnerTester): def test_local_file_py27(self): data = u'{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}, "Blam": {"Blarg": 73}}' mock_body = Mock() mock_body.read.return_value = '{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}}' mock_client = Mock() mock_client.get_object.return_value = {'Body': mock_body} with patch( '%s.open' % pb, mock_open(read_data=data), create=True ) as m_open: with patch('%s.boto3.client' % pb) as m_client: m_client.return_value = mock_client res = self.cls.load_json('/foo/bar/baz.json') assert m_open.mock_calls == [ call('/foo/bar/baz.json', 'r'), call().__enter__(), call().read(), call().__exit__(None, None, None) ] assert m_client.mock_calls == [] assert res == { 'Foo': {'bar': 23, 'baz': 6}, 'Blam': {'Blarg': 73} } def test_s3_py27(self): data = '{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}, "Blam": {"Blarg": 73}}' mock_body = Mock() mock_body.read.return_value = data mock_client = Mock() mock_client.get_object.return_value = {'Body': mock_body} with patch( '%s.open' % pb, mock_open(read_data=data), create=True ) as m_open: with patch('%s.boto3.client' % pb) as m_client: m_client.return_value = mock_client res = self.cls.load_json( 's3://bucketname/key/foo/bar/baz.json' ) assert m_open.mock_calls == [] assert m_client.mock_calls == [ call('s3'), call().get_object(Bucket='bucketname', Key='key/foo/bar/baz.json') ] assert res == { 'Foo': {'bar': 23, 'baz': 6}, 'Blam': {'Blarg': 73} } def test_local_file_py37(self): data = '{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}, "Blam": {"Blarg": 73}}' mock_body = Mock() mock_body.read.return_value = '{"Foo": {"bar": 23, "baz": 6}}' mock_client = Mock() mock_client.get_object.return_value = {'Body': mock_body} with patch( '%

[ 13, 285, 359, 1265, 3551, 281, 253, 990, 273, 9361, 15, 7214, 672, 436, 6569, 513, 359, 3986, 562, 323, 253, 1361, 2656, 3815, 476, 2085, 15, 49092, 285, 878, 90, 952, 4560, 616, 3524, 275, 2828, 434, 14426, 403, 752, 1616, 247, 14242, 2954, 15, 380, 954, 8312, 4809, 273, 634, 7688, 310, 417, 634, 14855, 13, 533, 634, 1448, 16723, 273, 4757, 15, 16531, 14, 22987, 593, 310, 2761, 1900, 247, 4445, 273, 247, 3076, 2954, 15, 3900, 359, 651, 751, 281, 3693, 253, 4840, 285, 4264, 3676, 285, 21383, 3114, 13, 2656, 2296, 326, 352, 310, 275, 253, 1077, 1232, 273, 2444, 949, 253, 4840, 326, 41159, 310, 1119, 15, 187, 187, 16910, 16715, 322, 15, 19051, 285, 5171, 5119, 11835, 377, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 1722, 187, 187, 3724, 27507, 5910, 187, 187, 13618, 434, 12967, 41969, 1818, 15, 496, 253, 13534, 434, 24863, 5406, 13, 359, 346, 14077, 3, 281, 776, 10956, 13, 12933, 1528, 13, 285, 1176, 1542, 350, 15, 754, 2987, 275, 441, 2584, 581, 4736, 27, 1818, 15, 380, 4275, 7870, 273, 253, 6416, 1495, 556, 436, 10727, 1051, 7058, 1051, 4866, 15, 2719, 290, 593, 310, 417, 760, 849, 359, 1265, 253, 6416, 1495, 28, 352, 310, 253, 6416, 1495, 15, 27955, 1057, 747, 13122, 285, 16072, 342, 2656, 15, 10540, 1057, 747, 5231, 285, 10165, 327, 253, 3924, 273, 1495, 15, 2091, 2656, 5841, 13, 368, 8028, 15, 2091, 344, 16966, 13, 368, 4517, 285, 2312, 896, 281, 779, 275, 634, 878, 15, 2091, 344, 14528, 13, 368, 2389, 15, 2091, 344, 13896, 13, 368, 20090, 15, 1422, 4388, 634, 1495, 275, 247, 747, 3884, 407, 253, 1612, 273, 253, 13936, 14559, 15, 496, 1046, 1083, 13, 368, 1614, 15, 187, 187, 510, 6127, 13, 16876, 13, 285, 37725, 273, 776, 4852, 403, 752, 359, 923, 672, 13, 43888, 3146, 13, 359, 1859, 776, 4852, 432, 253, 8310, 12595, 273, 253, 13958, 2418, 16790, 15, 4325, 581, 4289, 23467, 598, 13, 21801, 285, 253, 23602, 7121, 5195, 396, 445, 600, 1078, 368, 15, 1292, 253, 2250, 285, 6046, 273, 1495, 6569, 387, 253, 7145, 273, 17538, 14216, 285, 5910, 394, 5720, 13, 285, 672, 359, 1379, 253, 15915, 308, 35989, 1728, 281, 24756, 5097, 15, 380, 1943, 6281, 273, 776, 4852, 403, 4307, 562, 275, 247, 3515, 2962, 273, 1355, 13451, 15, 831, 310, 849, 2656, 556, 1160, 352, 281, 320, 15, 754, 2987, 323, 247, 1614, 14, 783, 14, 10186, 14, 484, 2189, 14, 3487, 294, 31756, 285, 2502, 11798, 15, 15836, 3936, 1659, 275, 253, 49074, 9506, 285, 30417, 18048, 273, 15363, 1495, 15, 187, 187, 15418, 15181, 77, 1988, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 1283, 187, 187, 48152, 49431, 265, 1249, 27, 18, 1253, 1047, 187, 187, 1328, 310, 2656, 285, 359, 403, 417, 15, 2091, 368, 10018, 1495, 285, 8028, 281, 15822, 952, 13, 368, 588, 4541, 1089, 326, 359, 3365, 476, 626, 1718, 776, 13079, 13, 13702, 13, 285, 2389, 275, 253, 1881, 984, 352, 369, 1620, 6034, 281, 4459, 824, 34743, 15, 1198, 326, 2647, 13, 627, 310, 2717, 3562, 326, 369, 6034, 281, 10265, 824, 13079, 15, 42087, 310, 281, 320, 11346, 13, 533, 359, 1053, 626, 1691, 776, 4517, 275, 352, 15, 380, 760, 5795, 310, 2656, 2994, 15, 187, 187, 510, 47080, 275, 253, 1984, 273, 24253, 49431, 265, 14177, 281, 5321, 441, 673, 275, 776, 3186, 323, 4495, 285, 4096, 15, 754, 8599, 441, 326, 344, 3597, 4715, 13, 22569, 13, 1270, 6493, 13, 440, 7807, 1070, 5615, 11284, 13, 2583, 13, 3440, 13, 285, 2151, 15, 8256, 273, 731, 13, 672, 597, 497, 10702, 281, 521, 1495, 434, 4096, 13, 3977, 281, 2712, 533, 25813, 15, 754, 812, 417, 1089, 521, 4096, 275, 253, 3562, 1533, 15, 2732, 13366, 17400, 3184, 271, 9826, 1495, 273, 8274, 281, 300, 13, 1175, 3858, 13, 2739, 13, 10290, 5484, 13, 285, 2509, 987, 13, 344, 3249, 281, 521, 3662, 1128, 8701, 4096, 15, 346, 4125, 512, 556, 644, 3735, 28, 1060, 310, 253, 6452, 273, 253, 2647, 27, 32005, 2656, 285, 1978, 521, 3923, 942, 13, 323, 436, 310, 253, 2644, 7143, 273, 637, 3, 313, 48152, 49431, 265, 1249, 27, 1012, 481, 187, 187, 510, 4709, 273, 2656, 310, 849, 359, 3794, 281, 253, 958, 326, 2656, 310, 3687, 685, 359, 403, 1128, 19623, 432, 441, 1128, 249, 512, 1841, 15, 3032, 10763, 310, 3687, 15, 3032, 15799, 310, 3687, 15, 3032, 2389, 310, 3687, 15, 1244, 13, 4754, 13, 521, 12700, 310, 3687, 15, 29574, 1691, 13, 344, 310, 2656, 285, 359, 403, 417, 15, 187, 187, 44240, 308, 15, 47445, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 655, 187, 187, 22098, 1041, 2458, 337, 27, 1010, 1253, 1508, 187, 187, 40, 3833, 1419, 15, 3932, 39447, 556, 594, 1199, 281, 1333, 670, 776, 4096, 13, 352, 556, 247, 6793, 30318, 323, 352, 15, 2596, 3782, 4030, 3159, 310, 253, 3159, 41070, 1419, 15, 844, 403, 3562, 281, 41070, 1419, 2656, 15, 496, 253, 1984, 273, 10643, 1041, 2458, 13, 5171, 25264, 441, 1264, 2069, 275, 521, 10199, 326, 359, 3153, 346, 936, 253, 19916, 273, 521, 18735, 3, 313, 22098, 1041, 2458, 337, 27, 23, 13, 1249, 13, 1638, 481, 2091, 359, 1158, 273, 18735, 13, 359, 1158, 273, 1633, 1943, 13, 5389, 13, 285, 4755, 15, 346, 1276, 247, 28548, 32712, 436, 7237, 1476, 346, 10759, 38579, 369, 3365, 28548, 449, 1916, 41070, 1419, 2656, 2097, 281, 452, 776, 4852, 1056, 779, 4755, 285, 5389, 15, 844, 971, 779, 281, 320, 8530, 15, 844, 971, 281, 3812, 4116, 281, 253, 28548, 2656, 665, 7636, 441, 13, 285, 359, 513, 326, 407, 44895, 779, 285, 18248, 2571, 15, 187, 187, 688, 17601, 23, 689, 581, 4289, 502, 1326, 1105, 257, 1313, 13, 387, 253, 2748, 273, 253, 4383, 6963, 13, 281, 1287, 247, 6010, 273, 35525, 9551, 326, 651, 320, 7470, 281, 7102, 253, 6105, 15, 496, 253, 2151, 434, 32439, 348, 1204, 313, 4609, 310, 247, 2962, 273, 3533, 285, 9172, 582, 253, 806, 1953, 574, 281, 513, 342, 776, 4096, 27, 346, 1276, 310, 253, 7015, 990, 273, 637, 32, 3083, 434, 7015, 990, 310, 281, 41070, 1419, 2656, 285, 4264, 779, 11654, 3, 313, 510, 34328, 1608, 5521, 330, 366, 348, 1204, 481, 1583, 403, 987, 15, 831, 310, 776, 4096, 15, 733, 310, 417, 670, 441, 28, 352, 310, 670, 2656, 285, 521, 6378, 15, 1737, 812, 320, 8750, 285, 4936, 254, 685, 326, 32, 187, 187, 44240, 308, 15, 47445, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 1384, 187, 187, 1672, 38695, 1668, 27, 18, 1253, 805, 187, 187, 3, 2042, 760, 359, 574, 4962, 407, 253, 6203, 434, 1133, 275, 10253, 2, 1707, 359, 2206, 1475, 36612, 273, 9132, 285, 18739, 512, 253, 2739, 359, 3078, 13, 533, 368, 452, 3982, 441, 562, 715, 436, 13438, 281, 4177, 306, 436, 2862, 7796, 281, 2471, 449, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 417, 4555, 247, 1566, 15851, 15, 1707, 310, 25917, 13, 650, 24886, 13, 1881, 14, 81, 414, 1128, 455, 253, 1841, 326, 476, 4446, 441, 10412, 670, 643, 952, 15, 10300, 824, 1881, 14, 34872, 27752, 566, 13, 368, 651, 387, 1878, 1902, 2656, 281, 1333, 13, 346, 42, 1353, 417, 11298, 1919, 368, 1642, 23395, 449, 1292, 436, 310, 417, 271, 23179, 2926, 835, 253, 7122, 310, 751, 441, 15, 831, 310, 253, 2656, 15, 346, 510, 6203, 753, 281, 25084, 13, 686, 42, 452, 3735, 253, 650, 24886, 273, 253, 5143, 3254, 15, 19906, 731, 13, 346, 3404, 2500, 30673, 368, 588, 6008, 9132, 13, 285, 275, 253, 4131, 368, 588, 320, 6898, 342, 10238, 15, 2635, 368, 588, 871, 326, 309, 717, 253, 6203, 634, 2656, 3, 21288, 313, 1672, 38695, 1668, 27, 26, 1253, 805, 481, 187, 187, 1552, 2380, 4566, 1411, 512, 776, 12656, 15, 2656, 7777, 310, 417, 751, 441, 15, 733, 310, 347, 604, 2656, 2296, 281, 441, 13, 346, 1466, 479, 9287, 368, 273, 849, 309, 8028, 285, 923, 604, 368, 1158, 309, 812, 8028, 1014, 281, 368, 449, 2635, 344, 27513, 84, 6281, 273, 23935, 442, 22895, 751, 4377, 5119, 13, 4682, 615, 22895, 751, 253, 30828, 282, 5171, 13, 285, 650, 360, 1559, 398, 751, 9841, 8549, 5143, 15, 1310, 344, 23238, 285, 14528, 731, 13, 344, 588, 4089, 285, 2389, 441, 15, 380, 16507, 310, 2590, 27, 754, 2506, 626, 4089, 984, 273, 441, 285, 253, 3290, 273, 776, 24861, 15, 754, 23238, 984, 344, 310, 253, 2656, 8452, 388, 6364, 15, 187, 187, 44240, 308, 15, 47445, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 3127, 187, 187, 19393, 255, 2458, 337, 27, 23, 1253, 26, 187, 187, 23315, 14, 16651, 310, 8312, 15, 380, 954, 8312, 9351, 403, 1110, 326, 1379, 327, 253, 830, 273, 253, 1175, 1841, 273, 253, 18794, 273, 2656, 15, 2828, 42169, 27, 346, 20083, 562, 323, 3221, 45888, 15, 1583, 1705, 281, 368, 275, 16396, 434, 14234, 13, 533, 27162, 314, 597, 403, 8388, 49514, 36162, 3, 313, 42208, 818, 27, 1010, 481, 5171, 12013, 27, 346, 18869, 1821, 403, 3221, 30828, 868, 13, 48548, 1020, 789, 3767, 13, 9425, 14056, 6748, 347, 30828, 868, 273, 2828, 15, 964, 964, 964, 28364, 2994, 9425, 14056, 3355, 347, 271, 23087, 273, 1708, 15, 733, 310, 417, 10084, 13, 840, 13, 604, 521, 20325, 9425, 14056, 796, 347, 20325, 273, 48562, 15, 7160, 990, 588, 320, 752, 616, 5231, 17337, 3, 313, 19, 41118, 2458, 1903, 27, 1012, 1253, 1010, 481, 496, 7667, 255, 2458, 337, 27, 23, 1253, 24, 13, 5171, 42169, 1411, 247, 3221, 30860, 326, 31394, 253, 28067, 273, 253, 2032, 30860, 15, 17766, 253, 2266, 3448, 27, 346, 42, 717, 47096, 326, 368, 403, 594, 4541, 13438, 272, 253, 581, 665, 1925, 368, 407, 253, 14426, 273, 2828, 285, 403, 8577, 281, 247, 1027, 30860, 1128, 4609, 310, 1663, 642, 30860, 387, 512, 15, 5635, 45996, 690, 952, 403, 15950, 368, 715, 13775, 285, 403, 2820, 281, 591, 1748, 253, 30860, 273, 2828, 449, 187, 187, 510, 18794, 273, 1881, 310, 954, 8312, 672, 352, 3936, 327, 253, 33183, 273, 253, 18794, 273, 2656, 15, 733, 310, 1896, 323, 368, 281, 320, 13762, 326, 368, 403, 3811, 323, 253, 21427, 20708, 1289, 2370, 273, 253, 18794, 273, 2656, 672, 368, 403, 13, 275, 958, 13, 3811, 323, 4834, 15, 380, 954, 8312, 2654, 3017, 403, 1110, 326, 403, 4354, 6416, 1025, 15, 16531, 763, 1255, 310, 954, 8312, 672, 352, 9425, 14056, 3355, 347, 2579, 15, 16531, 14, 16651, 310, 954, 6422, 672, 352, 277, 790, 253, 28067, 273, 2389, 15, 187, 187, 17239, 5119, 11835, 377, 187, 187, 4, 4247, 3307, 187, 187, 7475, 6090, 337, 187, 187, 13618, 3562, 253, 10325, 281, 3148, 521, 18735, 13, 281, 1056, 7985, 521, 20624, 18701, 1128, 8701, 23251, 1612, 285, 18892, 3753, 15, 1737, 368, 923, 275, 3753, 8599, 368, 1633, 670, 779, 15, 2091, 368, 1007, 387, 247, 5202, 434, 23499, 6505, 13, 368, 1472, 5486, 281, 2096, 1633, 670, 2656, 434, 23579, 13, 521, 10763, 13, 521, 22794, 13, 285, 521, 17829, 1495, 15, 1244, 840, 368, 403, 5486, 281, 6026, 275, 17246, 347, 368, 8564, 752, 2656, 11785, 656, 281, 368, 949, 271, 2862, 9741, 2, 187, 187, 688, 39184, 337, 13, 359, 5517, 253, 40132, 273, 521, 18735, 15, 2656, 2296, 13, 346, 1466, 627, 320, 1708, 937, 285, 253, 29828, 3678, 81, 13, 417, 816, 984, 597, 923, 1708, 13, 533, 984, 253, 6242, 273, 1708, 12957, 2656, 625, 4518, 15, 2656, 36158, 253, 12685, 285, 253, 3678, 793, 1756, 36504, 347, 625, 273, 616, 45325, 310, 4950, 15, 2058, 1016, 20946, 3924, 13, 253, 29828, 923, 625, 285, 625, 273, 616, 2656, 13, 285, 597, 19916, 779, 342, 3687, 3640, 285, 12288, 15, 1244, 840, 13, 387, 253, 268, 2966, 6929, 273, 8869, 13, 281, 10313, 2994, 954, 4518, 285, 43925, 13, 2656, 2789, 7497, 275, 521, 2460, 15, 380, 29828, 3365, 29553, 15, 3856, 13, 2190, 512, 253, 28770, 285, 19684, 14197, 273, 253, 10325, 13, 1462, 253, 1682, 12906, 273, 665, 285, 752, 2656, 310, 15, 3856, 369, 18735, 594, 1524, 13, 594, 33631, 13, 326, 253, 16656, 2346, 1624, 8859, 14974, 275, 253, 36724, 787, 30981, 751, 247, 45592, 2439, 253, 10325, 13, 354, 43759, 417, 16457, 434, 4409, 285, 1318, 13, 533, 253, 13936, 40325 ]

, and we start coming to the end of ourselves. Only when this happens do we reach out for the help God alone can provide. Weak and needy people finding their hope in Christ's grace are what mark a mature relationship. The most dangerous aspect of your relationships is not your weakness, but your delusions of strength. Self-reliance is almost always a component of a bad relationship. While we would like to avoid the mess and enjoy deep and intimate community, God says that it is in the very process of working through the mess that intimacy is found. Timothy S. Lane and Paul David Tripp # January 17 Psalm 34 God's Word invites change. In the Bible's vivid picture, we "turn" to our Father, Savior, and Comforter. He works in us toward one goal: change. The central dynamic of the Christian life has this FROM...TO... movement. Repentance is not only how we start the Christian life; it is the Christian life. Faith does new transactions and conversations with God. Love does new actions and choices on the stage of life. When God calls, you listen. When he promises, you trust and talk back to him in your need. When he loves, you love. When he commands, you obey. You aim your life in a new direction by the power of the Holy Spirit. In every case, you turn. The patterns, themes, and tendencies of our lives are what we see when, figuratively, we view our lives from the observation deck of the Empire State Building. From one hundred floors up, Manhattan and the Hudson River spread serenely before you. But the action and noise of life happens at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 34th Street, and when we take the Lincoln Tunnel home to Hoboken. The big stories of our lives are worked out in a running series of small scenes. This is how God has made it to be. He works for a turn-the-world-upside-down reorientation and redirection. Change takes place in the watershed moments and decisive incidents of everyday life. David Powlison # January 18 Ecclesiastes 12:1–14 He is God and we are not. When you observe life and listen to wise people, you will quickly find that we simply can't invest our hopes, dreams, and love in the self because it was never intended to carry such freight. For that matter, there is nothing created that was intended to sustain such hopes. Creation is to be enjoyed, but we don't put our trust in it. The only alternative is God himself. The Teacher in the book of Ecclesiastes tries to save us time in our search for meaning and purpose. He tells us that he tried learning, laughter, great projects, unbridled sexual pleasure, money, music, and children. None of them, when they were elevated to his life's purpose, led to anything but despair. He could not find his purpose in the created world. After briefly envying an ordinary life of honest toil, good friends, food, moderate drink, and doing right, he comes to his answer—his purpose. "Now all has been heard; here is the conclusion of the matter: Fear God and keep his commandments, for this is the whole duty of man" (Ecclesiastes 12:13). The fear of God is how we respond to the fact that God is greater than we are—different from us—in all things. His beauty is greater. His wisdom is greater. His love is greater. And, yes, his anger is greater. Simply put, he is God and we are not. Edward T. Welch # January 19 Ephesians 1:15–23 Glorify. Since Scripture has so much to say about our purpose, it has a rich vocabulary for it. One particularly fine word is the word glorify. We are created to glorify God. In the book of Ephesians, Paul reminds us three times in his introduction that we live "to the praise of his glory" (Ephesians 1:6, 12, 14). When we think of glory, we think of something big, beautiful, and obvious. "What a glorious sunset this evening!" "Her aria was simply glorious." To glorify God means to have our lives make him obvious and beautiful. We want him to be famous. We want to draw attention to the glorious God who loved us, and we do that by trusting him and loving others. In 1646 over one hundred clergymen met, at the request of the English king, to develop a summary of biblical teaching that would be suitable to guide the church. In the children's catechism (which is a series of questions and answers), the first question had to do with our purpose: "What is the chief end of man? Man's chief end is to glorify God and enjoy him forever" (The Westminster Shorter Catechism). They are right. This is our purpose. It is not about us; it is about God and his purposes. What could be bigger and grander than that? Edward T. Welch # January 20 Exodus 16:1–12 "If only we had died by the Lord's hand in Egypt! There we sat around pots of meat and ate all the food we wanted, but you have brought us out into this desert to starve this entire assembly to death." This is not exactly a model prayer. There is complaining, grumbling, self-pity—all the things that can drive us crazy about other people. Given such self-centered insolence, you would at least expect God to say, "I'm not listening until you ask nicely." But this is not an invented story where the god is like us. This is the God. "The Lord said to Moses, 'I have heard the grumbling of the Israelites. Tell them, "At twilight you will eat meat, and in the morning you will be filled with bread. Then you will know that I am the Lord your God"'" (Exodus 16:9–12). This response goes against all our expectations. God truly is not like us. It is as if God says to us, "Let me remind you of how I listen and see if you think I could listen even to you." Then he recounts stories of adulterers like King David, murderers like the apostle Paul, and grumblers like newly delivered Israel. If he hears and loves them, he will hear and love us. The lesson is clear: He doesn't hear because of us and the quality of our prayers. He hears because he is the God Who Hears. Edward T. Welch # January 21 Galatians 1:6–9 Self-focus is dangerous. The most dangerous kinds are those that take on the form of the good things of the kingdom of God. Christ warns: "Watch out for false prophets. They come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ferocious wolves" (Matthew 7:15). Paul writes: "Such men are false apostles, deceitful workmen, masquerading as apostles of Christ. . . . Satan himself masquerades as an angel of light. It is not surprising, then, if his servants masquerade as servants of righteousness. Their end will be what their actions deserve" (2 Corinthians 11:13–15). In Galatians 1:6–7, Paul warns against a false gospel that wears the costume of the true gospel. Notice the strong language: "I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting the one who called you by the grace of Christ and are turning to a different gospel—which is really no gospel at all. Evidently some people are throwing you into confusion and are trying to pervert the gospel of Christ." The kingdom of self is most dangerous when it takes on the contours of the kingdom of God. It is possible for you to be convinced that you are living for the transcendent glories of the kingdom of God when you are, in fact, living for yourself. The most dangerous idols are those that are easily Christianized. Selfishness is most dangerous when it masquerades as service. Self-focus is most powerful when it dons the costume of love. Paul David Tripp # January 22 Genesis 1 God created the universe to display his glory, to make visible his invisible qualities—his eternal power and divine nature. What you see in nature tells you something about him. When you look at a tree's countless leaves, you're meant to understand something about God's infinity, his beauty, his creativity, and his abundant life. And then you are meant to bow in worship as you imagine what God conveys to you through an entire forest! In Genesis 1, we witness the unfolding of his glory. God says, "Let there be light," and the angels gasp, not just because they see light, but because the existence of light reveals God more clearly. God separates the waters and the gasps grow louder as more of their Maker is revealed. At each successive stage, the angels see more and more of their God, and they praise him with greater knowledge and insight. And then, at the pinnacle of creation, to reveal himself most clearly and brightly, God makes humans in his image. The angels simply marvel. Here, among all the wonders and majesty of the universe, stand the best reflection of who and what God is. Here was glory so real, so tangible, that the inconsequential planet floating in the heavens blazed like a beacon across the universe, proclaiming not humanity's worth and value, but the Holy Creator

[ 187, 35183, 39953, 7538, 27100, 1433, 9463, 947, 35645, 8112, 1703, 9103, 322, 4350, 39, 37607, 44622, 275, 1635, 281, 187, 783, 2552, 1903, 13, 4050, 8955, 32, 187, 187, 4, 24, 27, 187, 187, 35183, 39953, 7538, 27100, 1433, 353, 24259, 9103, 19359, 36121, 1539, 28408, 35819, 21109, 281, 322, 4350, 39, 9255, 187, 4064, 253, 370, 2082, 390, 370, 2417, 2552, 1903, 13, 4050, 8955, 32, 187, 187, 4, 25, 27, 187, 187, 35183, 39953, 7538, 27100, 1433, 9463, 947, 8728, 1400, 329, 25719, 15051, 3481, 3003, 322, 4350, 39, 32, 187, 187, 4, 26, 27, 187, 187, 9818, 9103, 25719, 35, 6117, 3481, 39953, 7538, 27100, 1433, 457, 52, 330, 8372, 2354, 45638, 37784, 3939, 2758, 273, 253, 322, 4350, 39, 824, 347, 281, 1918, 187, 783, 7286, 273, 1965, 3225, 1734, 32, 187, 187, 20604, 5214, 14, 1359, 28481, 247, 8387, 32, 187, 187, 7883, 17003, 841, 6068, 32, 187, 187, 42, 1849, 644, 247, 17264, 1580, 10205, 15353, 285, 271, 2448, 407, 253, 14426, 273, 2656, 15, 380, 760, 2181, 326, 11034, 84, 479, 625, 685, 3968, 434, 3569, 10343, 310, 253, 7880, 13551, 273, 27340, 4891, 35070, 26481, 15, 13529, 2159, 285, 2288, 6134, 1060, 15, 1621, 3616, 2191, 390, 418, 42874, 15, 38116, 588, 368, 1089, 667, 19082, 37952, 723, 273, 247, 13445, 572, 471, 15, 1737, 309, 7953, 19730, 403, 4973, 285, 253, 673, 281, 1239, 3668, 3254, 432, 643, 4343, 15, 309, 1053, 626, 2505, 285, 309, 1053, 626, 897, 802, 3875, 790, 15, 36671, 403, 2080, 1512, 18153, 15, 4165, 784, 1783, 310, 512, 1512, 7520, 15, 6930, 2379, 475, 2379, 475, 47303, 2637, 2, 831, 1873, 369, 1125, 2646, 12072, 407, 27, 2379, 475, 50276, 64, 50275, 64, 795, 50275, 64, 4772, 50275, 876, 2379, 475, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 14766, 393, 1227, 1227, 2379, 475, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 64, 93, 1040, 393, 657, 1227, 2379, 475, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 50276, 64, 50276, 93, 1227, 50275, 61, 2379, 475, 1040, 1040, 64, 93, 1040, 1040, 1040, 1040, 16, 1227, 2850, 393, 2379, 475, 50276, 61, 15362, 16, 2582, 93, 1040, 64, 6602, 16, 50275, 15591, 2379, 475, 2379, 475, 831, 1873, 369, 1125, 2646, 12072, 407, 914, 6549, 41, 89, 26945, 970, 530, 5324, 14308, 15, 2379, 475, 733, 760, 3797, 530, 32969, 42410, 84, 285, 530, 30306, 84, 15, 3166, 417, 10007, 352, 2, 2379, 475, 496, 1340, 281, 823, 625, 14308, 13, 2794, 390, 12921, 247, 1511, 342, 253, 1072, 1416, 16, 10708, 13, 533, 342, 271, 2634, 64, 31087, 65, 34078, 190, 187, 424, 16, 190, 187, 10708, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 28, 4888, 187, 6930, 2379, 50276, 34, 1159, 6335, 326, 3400, 4228, 16, 22036, 3845, 3470, 323, 5559, 6647, 13745, 9491, 15, 190, 187, 424, 16, 190, 187, 33, 27, 360, 351, 1657, 1587, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 2807, 190, 187, 33, 27, 3129, 489, 36, 377, 688, 10811, 1587, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 11594, 20607, 15, 73, 2807, 190, 187, 33, 27, 489, 89, 931, 1214, 27, 86, 2437, 23489, 966, 530, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 11594, 20607, 8725, 32638, 15, 54, 22036, 3845, 11594, 20607, 551, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 6155, 459, 253, 1655, 914, 6549, 6647, 6874, 342, 253, 6799, 5559, 1277, 13745, 25174, 6661, 15, 2379, 50274, 2042, 627, 310, 271, 3515, 6647, 6874, 13, 253, 6661, 588, 1379, 1055, 4745, 15, 17501, 13, 2379, 50274, 262, 588, 1379, 1055, 672, 253, 1735, 6647, 6874, 310, 3515, 15, 15971, 50274, 33, 3575, 6631, 6155, 50276, 510, 6799, 5559, 1277, 13745, 25174, 6661, 15, 2379, 50274, 33, 2309, 50263, 5088, 604, 5559, 1277, 13745, 25174, 310, 15378, 8379, 15, 2379, 50254, 50276, 5653, 604, 253, 6661, 4242, 281, 4647, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 20851, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 9, 7456, 6155, 1163, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 39, 17664, 1277, 13745, 25174, 6155, 10, 1163, 46328, 28, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 40353, 285, 19355, 247, 18189, 1277, 34585, 285, 1091, 352, 4745, 15, 2379, 50274, 8497, 326, 436, 1159, 760, 1265, 253, 19355, 1232, 15, 9368, 5057, 1277, 34585, 22740, 5443, 281, 2451, 2379, 50274, 338, 253, 19355, 310, 6699, 390, 4242, 342, 2228, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 13119, 1898, 15310, 22740, 1277, 34585, 9, 1277, 34585, 1992, 15310, 1163, 32638, 15, 2321, 16390, 250, 1319, 15, 54, 1277, 34585, 13, 6282, 13264, 9179, 1163, 32638, 15, 7676, 29, 328, 6549, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 38, 1277, 34585, 22740, 13264, 9179, 22226, 1163, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 54, 22740, 1277, 34585, 28, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 40353, 285, 2213, 11932, 247, 18189, 1277, 34585, 285, 1091, 352, 4745, 15, 2379, 50274, 8497, 326, 436, 1159, 760, 1265, 253, 28635, 1232, 15, 9368, 5057, 1277, 34585, 22740, 5443, 281, 2451, 2379, 50274, 338, 253, 28635, 310, 6699, 390, 4242, 342, 2228, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 13119, 1898, 2632, 3247, 22740, 1277, 34585, 9, 22740, 2618, 1163, 32638, 15, 39, 2776, 13, 6282, 13264, 9179, 1163, 32638, 15, 7676, 29, 328, 6549, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 38, 1277, 34585, 22740, 13264, 9179, 22226, 1163, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 54, 22740, 1277, 34585, 28, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 21605, 253, 1677, 18189, 1277, 34585, 432, 253, 1655, 329, 6453, 2738, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 20004, 22740, 1277, 34585, 9, 34585, 1992, 21605, 1163, 32638, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 54, 22740, 1277, 34585, 10, 1163, 49494, 28, 15971, 50276, 6930, 2379, 50274, 3633, 247, 1618, 273, 512, 18189, 1277, 34585, 275, 253, 1655, 329, 6453, 2738, 15, 2379, 50276, 424, 16, 2379, 50276, 33, 27, 86, 3701, 9, 22036, 3845, 7865, 494, 10, 4228, 1345, 1159, 5057, 3074, 22740, 1277, 34585, 1082, 1163, 32638, 15, 53, 6542, 29, 328, 6549, 15, 9906, 274, 38337, 677, 1271, 15, 54, 22740, 1277, 34585, 21431, 4888, 187, 94, 2379, 17441, 27, 187, 510, 4388, 273, 253, 1246, 1263, 369, 281, 4271, 5793, 5889, 285, 7472, 23945, 12510, 273, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 382, 316, 9931, 266, 9393, 945, 15, 5315, 335, 3144, 12221, 15, 380, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 9931, 266, 9393, 457, 84, 6505, 369, 2797, 407, 4101, 14, 8155, 21755, 285, 5867, 407, 3678, 19849, 9904, 342, 2280, 25535, 313, 7258, 16, 3338, 481, 3349, 7006, 497, 3636, 13, 9999, 11003, 15, 2251, 6, 273, 253, 2264, 26290, 15, 380, 2022, 8508, 369, 3636, 347, 26745, 280, 10966, 313, 1093, 15, 1036, 9498, 3560, 407, 8647, 17866, 313, 1166, 15, 1967, 9498, 13850, 14, 40, 321, 30986, 1751, 313, 24, 15, 1010, 9498, 295, 14, 1989, 1190, 12642, 80, 15741, 1351, 313, 22, 15, 2222, 2673, 285, 28810, 1190, 23150, 313, 22, 15, 2691, 10970, 380, 4166, 369, 1119, 281, 320, 6793, 275, 4200, 31387, 81, 1751, 26992, 5546, 21111, 313, 1237, 15, 1762, 9498, 3560, 407, 399, 2562, 3878, 280, 7665, 313, 1093, 15, 1036, 9498, 473, 38190, 456, 39409, 313, 1012, 15, 1630, 9498, 322, 265, 371, 2562, 81, 1751, 39409, 313, 805, 15, 1449, 9498, 4200, 31387, 3878, 280, 24153, 313, 22, 15, 2691, 9498, 25053, 280, 25704, 313, 21, 15, 1812, 2673, 285, 473, 38190, 456, 16517, 371, 2562, 3878, 265, 313, 19, 15, 3011, 10970, 187, 1145, 12292, 20751, 2425, 273, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 9931, 266, 9393, 369, 5762, 1411, 767, 22197, 14, 10247, 313, 998, 38428, 26494, 13, 659, 38428, 39261, 30861, 10, 285, 767, 22197, 14, 12373, 313, 32629, 31977, 14347, 13, 38365, 31911, 38143, 10, 9574, 13, 285, 1264, 28056, 313, 43348, 4355, 46761, 13, 1535, 469, 7868, 1299, 7692, 4638, 285, 1284, 43912, 21306, 295, 8047, 582, 407, 253, 2494, 43886, 890, 1332, 15, 496, 958, 13, 2266, 16294, 285, 5565, 24809, 1055, 556, 644, 2011, 1411, 512, 5762, 22197, 14, 10247, 285, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 15, 8079, 13, 19508, 16294, 285, 794, 72, 9429, 1055, 369, 33916, 1411, 253, 9094, 9346, 285, 278, 3502, 5421, 15, 187, 1147, 3133, 1563, 436, 1263, 326, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 29663, 266, 9393, 556, 1077, 1534, 23945, 2425, 13, 352, 2722, 247, 3862, 6637, 10985, 22197, 14, 10247, 13, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 13, 9094, 9346, 285, 28056, 15, 187, 187, 37482, 16902, 187, 187, 2925, 41187, 1647, 187, 187, 510, 4388, 273, 253, 1246, 1263, 369, 281, 4271, 5793, 5889, 285, 7472, 23945, 12510, 273, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 382, 316, 9931, 266, 9393, 945, 15, 5315, 335, 3144, 12221, 15, 380, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 9931, 266, 9393, 457, 84, 6505, 369, 2797, 407, 4101, 14, 8155, 21755, 285, 5867, 407, 3678, 19849, 9904, 342, 2280, 25535, 313, 7258, 16, 3338, 481, 3349, 7006, 497, 3636, 13, 9999, 11003, 15, 2251, 6, 273, 253, 2264, 26290, 15, 380, 2022, 8508, 369, 3636, 347, 26745, 280, 10966, 313, 1093, 15, 1036, 9498, 3560, 407, 8647, 17866, 313, 1166, 15, 1967, 9498, 13850, 14, 40, 321, 30986, 1751, 313, 24, 15, 1010, 9498, 295, 14, 1989, 1190, 12642, 80, 15741, 1351, 313, 22, 15, 2222, 2673, 285, 28810, 1190, 23150, 313, 22, 15, 2691, 10970, 380, 4166, 369, 1119, 281, 320, 6793, 275, 4200, 31387, 81, 1751, 26992, 5546, 21111, 313, 1237, 15, 1762, 9498, 3560, 407, 399, 2562, 3878, 280, 7665, 313, 1093, 15, 1036, 9498, 473, 38190, 456, 39409, 313, 1012, 15, 1630, 9498, 322, 265, 371, 2562, 81, 1751, 39409, 313, 805, 15, 1449, 9498, 4200, 31387, 3878, 280, 24153, 313, 22, 15, 2691, 9498, 25053, 280, 25704, 313, 21, 15, 1812, 2673, 285, 473, 38190, 456, 16517, 371, 2562, 3878, 265, 313, 19, 15, 3011, 10970, 187, 1145, 12292, 20751, 2425, 273, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 9931, 266, 9393, 369, 5762, 1411, 767, 22197, 14, 10247, 313, 998, 38428, 26494, 13, 659, 38428, 39261, 30861, 10, 285, 767, 22197, 14, 12373, 313, 32629, 31977, 14347, 13, 38365, 31911, 38143, 10, 9574, 13, 285, 1264, 28056, 313, 43348, 4355, 46761, 13, 1535, 469, 7868, 1299, 7692, 4638, 285, 1284, 43912, 21306, 295, 8047, 582, 407, 253, 2494, 43886, 890, 1332, 15, 496, 958, 13, 2266, 16294, 285, 5565, 24809, 1055, 556, 644, 2011, 1411, 512, 5762, 22197, 14, 10247, 285, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 15, 8079, 13, 19508, 16294, 285, 794, 72, 9429, 1055, 369, 33916, 1411, 253, 9094, 9346, 285, 278, 3502, 5421, 15, 187, 1147, 3133, 1563, 436, 1263, 326, 253, 5667, 4166, 273, 330, 15, 29663, 266, 9393, 556, 1077, 1534, 23945, 2425, 13, 352, 2722, 247, 3862, 6637, 10985, 22197, 14, 10247, 13, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 13, 9094, 9346, 285, 28056, 15, 187, 187, 13888, 43046, 5942, 187, 187, 2214, 14020, 13, 34121, 6244, 452, 644, 908, 347, 247, 16748, 323, 2710, 6578, 15, 48525, 452, 253, 14603, 281, 46919, 247, 4618, 2491, 273, 32587, 10888, 84, 326, 7081, 1534, 7534, 3470, 15, 6676, 273, 841, 7006, 452, 12912, 2538, 327, 1966, 1786, 285, 476, 320, 908, 281, 1555, 6578, 313, 16490, 1041, 73, 285, 11191, 763, 13, 4695, 28, 2604, 284, 1136, 357, 267, 37848, 1162, 355, 904, 4050, 481, 187, 187, 21342, 13, 6244, 452, 253, 3745, 281, 46919, 24278, 15991, 13, 1142, 273, 534, 403, 45613, 32587, 10888, 84, 313, 36, 319, 266, 13, 7544, 481, 6061, 253, 2469, 1643, 1107, 13, 253, 897, 273, 4444, 1754, 3626, 19254, 1813, 67, 8075, 275, 253, 1971, 273, 10741, 10332, 556, 12103, 1199, 8981, 313, 44, 284, 83, 8657, 1162, 355, 904, 4059, 481, 187, 187, 20964, 13, 23945, 5052, 310, 1024, 247, 4156, 4468, 13, 534, 4925, 247, 8891, 1127, 275, 1142, 13240, 11762, 15, 8079, 13, 627, 310, 271, 21007, 878, 281, 8171, 776, 47521, 273, 3270, 14, 39367, 422, 6083, 313, 36, 2345, 10633, 13, 4332, 582, 407, 6684, 747, 23945, 6083, 15, 496, 436, 3634, 13, 247, 1270, 1600, 556, 644, 7106, 327, 253, 3626, 3580, 13 ]

HAS JUDGE WAIT EVER ATTENDED ANY SSPF FUNCTIONS in addition to the May 11, 2012 dinner? #7: HAS JUDGE WAIT MADE ANY OTHER FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS to SSPF aside from the $65 or $55 May 11, 2012 dinner? #8: HAS JUDGE WAIT EVER BEEN A MEMBER OF THE SSPF? #9: ARE ANY MEMBERS OF JUDGE WAIT’S CLOSE FAMILY active members of the SSPF such as to give the appearance of impropriety? NYRA- How Safe a Bet? Who ARE these guys? I've been a journalist since Watergate and an American by the grace of God. The only thing that disappoints me more than America's political decline is the absolute collapse of reliably solid investigative journalism. Nothing short and senseless here. No Britney or Lohan. NOR will you find any ridiculous ravings of a conspiracy quack. What I DO HAVE are sources and the time to read newsites from other countries. I don't text and I don't use emoticons. Words are far too precious. Serious analysis is all too rare./** * * WARNING! This file was autogenerated by: * _ _ _ _ __ __ * | | | | | | |\ \ / / * | | | | |_| | \ V / * | | | | _ | / \ * | |_| | | | |/ /^\ \ * \___/\_| |_/\/ \/ * * This file was autogenerated by UnrealHxGenerator using UHT definitions. * It only includes UPROPERTYs and UFUNCTIONs. Do not modify it! * In order to add more definitions, create or edit a type with the same name/package, but with an `_Extra` suffix **/ package unreal.googlearcoreservices; /** A function library that provides static/Blueprint functions for Google ARCore Services. **/ @:umodule("GoogleARCoreServices") @:glueCppIncludes("GoogleARCoreServicesFunctionLibrary.h") @:uextern @:uclass extern class UGoogleARCoreServicesFunctionLibrary extends unreal.UBlueprintFunctionLibrary { /** Configure the current Unreal AR session with the desired GoogleARCoreServices configuration. If there is an running AR session, the configuration will take effect immediately. Otherwise, it will take effect when the next AR session is running. @param ServiceConfig The desired GoogleARCoreServices configuration. @return True if GoogleARCoreServices is configured successfully. False if the configuration failed to apply. **/ @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function ConfigGoogleARCoreServices(ServiceConfig : unreal.googlearcoreservices.FGoogleARCoreServicesConfig) : Bool; /** Creating and hosting a CloudARPin and return it immediately. Note that this function only start the hosting process. Call GetARPinCloudState to check if the hosting is finished or failed with error. **/ @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function CreateAndHostCloudARPin(ARPinToHost : unreal.augmentedreality.UARPin, OutTaskResult : unreal.Ref<unreal.googlearcoreservices.EARPinCloudTaskResult>) : unreal.googlearcoreservices.UCloudARPin; /** Creating and Resolving a CloudARPin and return it immediately. Note that this function only start the acquiring process. Call GetARPinCloudState to check if the acquiring is finished or failed with error. **/ @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function CreateAndResolveCloudARPin(CloudId : unreal.FString, OutTaskResult : unreal.Ref<unreal.googlearcoreservices.EARPinCloudTaskResult>) : unreal.googlearcoreservices.UCloudARPin; /** Remove the given CloudARPin from the current ARSession. **/ @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function RemoveCloudARPin(PinToRemove : unreal.googlearcoreservices.UCloudARPin) : Void; /** Get a list of all CloudARPin in the current ARSession. **/ @:ufunction(BlueprintCallable) static public function GetAllCloudARPin() : unreal.TArray<unreal.googlearcoreservices.UCloudARPin>; } Abstract: The aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition and evaluate antimicrobial effectiveness of the essential oil of Cistus ladanifer var. maculatus Dun. The essential oil of C. ladanifer’s leaves was obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 28 compounds were identified, representing 88.67% of the total constituents. The main compound was identified as Verticiol (18.16%), followed by Camphene (17.70%), γ-Gurjunene (7.15%), n-Butylcyclohexane (5.95%) and Bornyl acetate (5.86%). The oil was found to be rich in Monoterpene Hydrocarbons (32.05%), followed by Diterpenic alcohol (18.16%), Oxygenated hydrocarbons (13.27%), Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (12.40%), Monoterpenic ester (5.86%), Cyclic ether (4.36%) and Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.57%). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of C. ladanifer was tested against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, and three fungi (Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger), by the microdilution method. In fact, strong inhibitory and bactericidal effect has been shown against all tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Indeed, strongest inhibitory and fungicide effect was exerted against the yeasts and molds studied. It seems following this study that the essential oil of C. Ladanifer has very significant antimicrobial activity, it shows a broad spectrum covering Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. AUTHORS ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition and evaluate antimicrobial effectiveness of the essential oil of Cistus ladanifer var. maculatus Dun. The essential oil of C. ladanifer’s leaves was obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 28 compounds were identified, representing 88.67% of the total constituents. The main compound was identified as Verticiol (18.16%), followed by Camphene (17.70%), γ-Gurjunene (7.15%), n-Butylcyclohexane (5.95%) and Bornyl acetate (5.86%). The oil was found to be rich in Monoterpene Hydrocarbons (32.05%), followed by Diterpenic alcohol (18.16%), Oxygenated hydrocarbons (13.27%), Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (12.40%), Monoterpenic ester (5.86%), Cyclic ether (4.36%) and Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.57%). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of C. ladanifer was tested against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, and three fungi (Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger), by the microdilution method. In fact, strong inhibitory and bactericidal effect has been shown against all tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Indeed, strongest inhibitory and fungicide effect was exerted against the yeasts and molds studied. It seems following this study that the essential oil of C. Ladanifer has very significant antimicrobial activity, it shows a broad spectrum covering Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. KEYWORDS For centuries, medicinal plants have been used as a remedy for various diseases. Plants have the capability to synthesize a wide range of phytochemicals that possess significant biological functions. Many of these compounds have beneficial effects on human health and can be used to treat diseases (Mahesh and Satish, 2008; Prasannabalaji et al., 2012). Moreover, plants have the ability to synthesize aromatic substances, many of which are bioactive phytochemicals (Cowan, 1999). Over the past few years, the use of plant based natural antimicrobials in the treatment of bacterial infections has gained much recognition (Kasrati et al., 2014). Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance is now a global concern, which reached a crisis point in many hospitals worldwide. Indeed, there is an urgent need to replace our arsenal of anti-infective agents (Cushnie, 2011), by developing new antimicrobial agents. In this context, a great interest has been focused on the natural products,

[ 247, 427, 13837, 285, 697, 3602, 13, 2112, 342, 253, 5606, 273, 4602, 13461, 285, 271, 10336, 275, 18147, 48349, 32492, 323, 29484, 4568, 32854, 3237, 15, 187, 187, 510, 16483, 2746, 281, 271, 41401, 3733, 1232, 8414, 273, 767, 2201, 12475, 15, 380, 806, 3408, 310, 281, 7617, 327, 253, 6779, 273, 4602, 13461, 285, 271, 10336, 27, 275, 247, 830, 273, 8985, 11559, 390, 417, 15, 496, 253, 4679, 2684, 275, 436, 2929, 13, 253, 4602, 13461, 403, 6607, 347, 1524, 14, 9133, 12624, 15, 380, 1273, 3408, 310, 281, 1287, 271, 16483, 1232, 13, 275, 534, 3186, 9158, 13, 824, 347, 31595, 285, 10577, 13, 452, 281, 320, 2931, 275, 17385, 342, 253, 6779, 6974, 15, 496, 436, 2929, 359, 897, 31595, 285, 10577, 9158, 323, 25537, 4602, 13461, 13, 3700, 3470, 285, 271, 10336, 273, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 15, 496, 253, 7990, 273, 436, 2929, 359, 3715, 271, 16483, 3676, 985, 281, 1347, 5216, 273, 253, 4081, 1332, 327, 1027, 3102, 8981, 3237, 15, 380, 16483, 5880, 273, 253, 985, 310, 12800, 327, 2667, 15, 337, 13, 835, 27, 535, 50276, 11, 7659, 853, 1108, 28490, 273, 1016, 2060, 313, 1541, 5174, 10, 275, 253, 1655, 5978, 715, 247, 873, 273, 4602, 13461, 13, 3700, 3470, 285, 271, 10336, 13, 26736, 247, 3969, 18147, 2933, 19450, 15, 535, 50276, 11, 20928, 6340, 1108, 16344, 12510, 273, 1016, 3676, 11454, 2990, 407, 12672, 697, 2264, 1599, 6278, 2228, 875, 4588, 285, 2303, 18012, 15, 380, 14601, 273, 271, 2060, 310, 3413, 407, 253, 2228, 15, 380, 2169, 253, 2228, 13, 253, 2406, 253, 14601, 15, 535, 50276, 11, 16551, 1108, 4651, 5438, 1754, 327, 616, 14601, 323, 253, 2007, 21068, 15, 535, 50276, 11, 48533, 1108, 9433, 3186, 9158, 13, 824, 347, 31595, 285, 10577, 323, 253, 4602, 13461, 13, 271, 10336, 285, 3700, 3470, 281, 4236, 4651, 275, 1340, 281, 6635, 22167, 13, 534, 830, 253, 1735, 5978, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 337, 15, 187, 187, 1145, 16483, 5880, 273, 253, 985, 15, 187, 187, 817, 495, 29484, 4568, 32854, 41576, 17144, 187, 187, 688, 1340, 281, 1071, 253, 4081, 985, 285, 1056, 2119, 326, 352, 17923, 1805, 327, 3102, 8981, 3237, 342, 1027, 3733, 285, 1071, 15302, 9552, 13, 1264, 49602, 497, 7091, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 495, 15, 18, 4819, 8608, 91, 10318, 980, 187, 187, 510, 4819, 8608, 91, 10318, 980, 544, 1093, 62, 403, 20947, 273, 247, 873, 273, 27392, 90, 2806, 285, 3168, 22774, 273, 253, 3969, 38276, 275, 253, 4819, 8608, 91, 1984, 15, 3900, 841, 22774, 403, 7968, 273, 253, 1072, 38276, 347, 275, 253, 1984, 13, 275, 954, 2219, 597, 403, 417, 253, 1072, 2460, 347, 253, 581, 275, 253, 1984, 15, 743, 1650, 273, 253, 14542, 13, 534, 6125, 346, 3594, 515, 995, 476, 320, 2326, 327, 2667, 15, 374, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 374, 15, 187, 187, 16698, 273, 253, 4819, 8608, 91, 10318, 459, 15, 187, 187, 7542, 436, 310, 247, 1355, 10895, 13, 352, 369, 4425, 281, 897, 760, 3733, 941, 323, 253, 3045, 12820, 273, 253, 3676, 16483, 985, 15, 380, 806, 3436, 3888, 432, 253, 10895, 497, 908, 323, 253, 3368, 15, 25173, 3888, 497, 501, 1025, 281, 1884, 407, 1884, 15115, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 495, 15, 19, 10535, 15720, 11568, 953, 187, 187, 2214, 436, 22791, 1895, 26583, 6905, 544, 746, 62, 941, 873, 369, 908, 15, 733, 4428, 7114, 273, 6763, 273, 25266, 3888, 273, 1133, 15720, 24321, 13, 2366, 342, 616, 3451, 43394, 15, 26583, 6905, 434, 1416, 3249, 432, 253, 958, 326, 352, 310, 247, 7321, 8578, 273, 767, 941, 5239, 5728, 407, 427, 6905, 13, 253, 1986, 2077, 8, 3313, 6516, 273, 27761, 285, 10784, 15, 5317, 495, 2722, 247, 1643, 3888, 432, 253, 941, 873, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10895, 369, 4272, 715, 767, 4243, 27, 253, 806, 629, 4428, 337, 13, 20181, 1133, 15720, 24321, 281, 320, 908, 347, 247, 3733, 941, 285, 253, 1273, 629, 4428, 374, 13, 20181, 3888, 281, 320, 908, 347, 247, 1071, 941, 15, 2053, 3888, 403, 3349, 407, 3349, 15115, 275, 1979, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 495, 15, 187, 187, 32896, 273, 3888, 432, 26583, 6905, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 495, 15, 20, 6392, 3077, 14, 2313, 187, 187, 510, 6392, 3077, 14, 2313, 5447, 544, 938, 62, 4428, 247, 873, 273, 818, 13, 1052, 18010, 3888, 273, 2233, 5113, 327, 247, 2806, 4114, 15, 5815, 1789, 275, 253, 5447, 310, 6607, 407, 8187, 3888, 15, 5317, 577, 2722, 271, 1650, 273, 253, 2460, 432, 253, 3236, 10895, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 577, 15, 187, 187, 34, 3632, 2460, 432, 6392, 3077, 14, 2313, 5447, 15, 187, 187, 30128, 497, 501, 1025, 281, 1384, 407, 1384, 15115, 285, 840, 650, 698, 1179, 264, 970, 253, 1563, 7212, 323, 18899, 48560, 544, 1797, 5218, 187, 187, 2811, 27, 535, 50276, 11, 50275, 1253, 48560, 273, 247, 12275, 28, 535, 50276, 11, 50275, 1253, 403, 2502, 13, 4759, 285, 4797, 4295, 273, 247, 12275, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 3733, 10895, 352, 369, 6777, 281, 897, 3387, 3888, 323, 1016, 1789, 285, 253, 643, 4567, 3888, 497, 908, 323, 253, 1071, 10895, 15, 496, 2264, 577, 13, 20181, 3888, 497, 908, 323, 253, 3733, 10895, 285, 495, 13, 1052, 323, 253, 1071, 10895, 15, 187, 187, 817, 577, 25632, 32424, 187, 187, 4118, 577, 15, 18, 23280, 35052, 273, 253, 18147, 48349, 10701, 187, 187, 510, 10336, 273, 271, 13345, 11454, 2990, 275, 253, 3368, 310, 417, 3638, 285, 476, 1818, 1309, 253, 5606, 1232, 15, 1723, 13, 359, 1335, 452, 281, 4853, 271, 3302, 10336, 273, 253, 11454, 2990, 15, 733, 369, 4425, 281, 26641, 271, 10336, 273, 253, 2990, 342, 581, 8763, 3828, 760, 285, 923, 604, 352, 43279, 715, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 15, 5270, 337, 8631, 247, 5281, 273, 253, 6928, 908, 387, 253, 3302, 3924, 323, 1016, 22791, 15, 187, 187, 3235, 337, 15, 187, 187, 23527, 35615, 273, 11454, 6928, 15, 187, 187, 35, 15152, 4698, 1895, 1040, 41401, 5281, 187, 187, 20782, 187, 187, 19968, 8608, 91, 10318, 980, 1040, 187, 187, 6288, 15720, 24321, 1040, 187, 187, 5915, 3077, 14, 2313, 1040, 187, 187, 1147, 310, 1774, 281, 4366, 326, 253, 16323, 6928, 403, 7777, 3676, 27, 253, 1180, 273, 8763, 8090, 369, 11962, 875, 577, 285, 608, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 581, 273, 253, 16483, 4870, 323, 6392, 3077, 14, 2313, 22791, 4197, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 342, 577, 8763, 8090, 27, 50276, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 577, 15, 19, 16459, 23109, 36944, 187, 187, 510, 1618, 273, 3700, 3470, 369, 908, 281, 23554, 247, 399, 8504, 15, 5270, 374, 2722, 534, 3470, 497, 908, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4284, 2193, 273, 50275, 395, 50275, 1542, 914, 50094, 322, 15379, 1238, 13, 322, 15379, 1238, 12128, 13, 25411, 67, 3422, 285, 378, 50094, 3470, 403, 27, 50276, 13, 50275, 510, 4284, 2193, 273, 50275, 395, 50275, 1542, 14299, 1159, 403, 27, 50276, 13, 50276, 15, 187, 187, 3235, 374, 15, 187, 187, 2765, 273, 4666, 3700, 3470, 15, 187, 187, 11594, 1416, 1040, 20860, 187, 187, 20782, 187, 187, 13996, 1040, 187, 187, 2447, 50094, 322, 15379, 1238, 1040, 187, 187, 44765, 1040, 187, 187, 52, 15379, 1238, 12128, 1040, 187, 187, 40105, 67, 3422, 322, 15379, 1238, 1040, 187, 187, 35, 50094, 322, 15379, 1238, 1040, 187, 187, 4118, 577, 15, 20, 12675, 318, 273, 253, 18147, 27452, 552, 48349, 10701, 187, 187, 1231, 403, 1469, 281, 897, 247, 22054, 12018, 2241, 552, 2746, 281, 6194, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 275, 776, 985, 15, 3813, 13, 359, 452, 281, 7617, 849, 253, 2990, 943, 320, 6607, 285, 534, 3186, 9158, 943, 320, 908, 323, 253, 16483, 1232, 15, 187, 187, 34, 15406, 4428, 27, 535, 50276, 18, 15, 337, 15, 187, 187, 1145, 3781, 273, 12624, 342, 4602, 13461, 534, 403, 6607, 347, 1524, 3904, 15, 535, 50276, 19, 15, 374, 15, 187, 187, 34, 4315, 273, 20483, 13139, 323, 8763, 8090, 285, 253, 3453, 3828, 273, 253, 3676, 11454, 2990, 15, 535, 50276, 20, 15, 495, 15, 187, 187, 34, 4315, 342, 3602, 534, 403, 6607, 347, 5113, 323, 4666, 3700, 3470, 15, 187, 187, 1470, 15, 608, 15, 187, 187, 15499, 474, 6779, 273, 247, 15406, 15, 187, 187, 2841, 608, 2722, 247, 29886, 6779, 273, 247, 15406, 275, 247, 399, 8504, 13, 835, 27, 295, 310, 247, 1180, 273, 8090, 13, 50276, 13, 50276, 13, 34845, 50275, 609, 12624, 273, 4602, 13461, 875, 3280, 14, 19057, 13, 8763, 14, 19057, 285, 8763, 14, 9252, 7632, 28, 50276, 13, 50276, 13, 34845, 50275, 609, 16417, 273, 3700, 3470, 2330, 342, 1016, 3828, 28, 50276, 13, 50276, 13, 34845, 50275, 609, 16417, 273, 3602, 323, 1016, 4666, 3700, 1159, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 577, 15, 21, 14736, 9704, 2392, 187, 187, 688, 253, 3368, 359, 4425, 281, 897, 1097, 31595, 285, 10577, 3186, 9158, 281, 23554, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 15, 329, 3072, 1979, 275, 581, 5978, 310, 2233, 25112, 15, 380, 3072, 310, 4561, 342, 247, 3632, 1180, 273, 8763, 8090, 13, 3632, 4602, 13461, 285, 3700, 3470, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 3732, 247, 14871, 2715, 273, 253, 31595, 5572, 15, 380, 985, 3936, 767, 20667, 25112, 285, 2789, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 806, 581, 13, 534, 4948, 247, 1429, 15406, 15, 2635, 352, 10040, 684, 949, 512, 8090, 275, 253, 1273, 15406, 285, 28467, 387, 3632, 247, 4602, 2801, 285, 247, 4666, 3700, 1159, 281, 320, 22489, 715, 253, 1429, 15406, 15, 380, 1180, 273, 12421, 6777, 4602, 13461, 285, 3700, 3470, 18207, 281, 50276, 13, 835, 295, 310, 253, 1180, 273, 8512, 275, 253, 3828, 273, 253, 1655, 19502, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10577, 5572, 10384, 323, 1097, 1655, 25112, 285, 323, 25112, 4561, 347, 253, 906, 273, 253, 31595, 5199, 15, 329, 5912, 273, 253, 10577, 275, 253, 4602, 13461, 285, 4666, 3700, 3470, 310, 50276, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 4602, 13461, 13, 247, 10577, 5572, 10513, 247, 3632, 3605, 323, 1016, 3828, 285, 2544, 247, 4602, 2801, 1318, 875, 50275, 395, 50276, 13, 835, 50275, 261, 253, 1655, 1318, 273, 4602, 2801, 285, 391, 310, 247, 12421, 4561, 2193, 875, 470, 285, 337, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 4666, 3700, 3470, 13, 247, 10577, 5572, 671, 10513, 247, 3632, 3605, 323, 1016, 3828, 285, 36287, 247, 1159, 4441, 387, 326, 1899, 342, 247, 3632, 3700, 1159, 432, 253, 41364, 1618, 15, 1198, 25537, 3602, 275, 4666, 3700, 3470, 13, 253, 10577, 5572, 2544, 247, 1318, 273, 50275, 17352, 50275, 395, 608, 15, 17, 15, 329, 1318, 273, 50275, 31973, 875, 50275, 395, 608, 15, 17, 323, 14299, 1159, 285, 875, 337, 15, 17, 285, 608, 15, 17, 323, 322, 15379, 1238, 13, 322, 15379, 1238, 12128, 13, 25411, 67, 3422, 285, 378, 50094, 3470, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4561, 3072, 4428, 3676, 11454, 6928, 273, 1027, 6864, 12319, 432, 337, 281, 608, 8763, 8090, 285, 352, 310, 417, 247, 2256, 281, 1818, 1309, 253, 16483, 1232, 15, 1198, 271, 10336, 13, 247, 10577, 5572, 387, 806, 28467, 247, 3828, 273, 253, 11454, 2990, 13, 840, 352, 12421, 28467, 534, 5572, 281, 4647, 27, 823, 390, 5386, 15, 5733, 5572, 11323, 247, 747, 23586, 281, 253, 3786, 6777, 3828, 15, 20004, 9158, 26586, 253, 1390, 4666, 432, 253, 3828, 15, 329, 5912, 273, 2873, 839, 271, 10336, 273, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 310, 50276, 15, 187, 187, 817, 608, 11279, 187, 187, 2214, 1016, 22791, 1895, 1384, 4679, 497, 2684, 27, 884, 4679, 323, 25537, 247, 3676, 11454, 2990, 342, 253, 9788, 78, 1238, 3700, 1159, 275, 1016, 23586, 285, 884, 4679, 835, 4666, 3700, 3470, 497, 16323, 323, 1016, 23586, 15, 29028, 13461, 285, 10336, 497, 10486, 16323, 1309, 253, 22054, 12018, 2241, 552, 1232, 275, 512, 4679, 15, 5815, 3368, 4428, 2233, 25142, 15, 187, 187, 510, 906, 273, 1016, 3368, 310, 247, 1180, 13, 534, 6125, 253, 5230, 14, 10722, 14, 15044, 2228, 313, 26889, 2354, 10, 2330, 342, 3515, 247, 2990, 327, 253, 1071, 941, 873, 15, 25607, 2354, 310, 2931, 407, 2097, 273, 253, 1563, 7212, 27, 187, 187, 9, 18, 10, 187, 187, 2811, 27, 187, 187, 3235, 495, 15, 187, 187, 9340, 323, 4819, 8608, 91, 10318, 980, 15, 187, 187, 47, 1040 ]

a NTF and its parameters, along with the evolution of connection weights and an architecture in Deep Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition problems. The evolutionary approach to an ANN training process consists of two major phases. The first phase is to decide on the representation of connection weights and an architecture: in a form of binary strings or not. In the experiments performed in this paper, the connection weights are represented as real-number matrices. The second phase is to develop an evolutionary process, in which search operators, such as crossover and mutation, have to be defined in conjunction with the representation scheme. In this paper we use crossover and mutation operators for evolving connection weights, transfer functions and an architecture of a deep neural network. In the scope of this paper we developed an evolutionary deep system to perform tests of the proposed method on different pattern recognition problems. The evolutionary cycle of the system is illustrated on Fig. 1, where: * Decode – decoding of each individual (genotype) in the current generation into a set of connection weights, transfer functions and an architecture, constructing a corresponding Deep ANNs. * Evaluate – evaluating effectiveness of each deep neural network by computing its total mean square error between actual and target outputs. The fitness of an individual is determined by the error. The higher the error, the lower the fitness. * Select – parents selection based on their fitness for the further reproduction. * Generate – applying search operators, such as crossover and mutation for the connection weights, an architecture and transfer functions to selected parents in order to generate offspring, which form the next generation. Fig. 1. An evolutionary cycle of the system. ## 3 Pattern Recognition Benchmarks In order to test the proposed system and make sure that it performs better on pattern recognition problems with different training and test datasets sizes, three benchmarks were employed. ### 3.1 Brodatz Textures The Brodatz Textures [18] are scans of a set of glossy black and white prints of the corresponding textures in the Brodatz book. While these prints are pictures of the same textures as in the book, in most cases they are not the same image as the one in the book. An example of the texture, which represents "Grass", can be seen on Fig. 2. Fig. 2. Example of the Brodatz Texture. Since this is a small dataset, it was decided to use only training data for the performance validation of the deep evolutionary system. The first 26 images from the dataset were used for the experiment. Original images were resized to 30 by 30 pixels. ### 3.2 Handwritten Digits For this benchmark problem MNIST [19] data set was used. It contains tens of thousands of scanned images of handwritten digits, together with their correct classifications. MNIST's name comes from the fact that it is a modified subset of two data sets collected by NIST, the United States' National Institute of Standards and Technology. Figure 3 shows a few images from the data set. The dataset was divided into two parts: the first part contains 1, 000 handwritten digits to be used as a training data and the second part contains 2, 000 images to be used as a test data. These images are 28 by 28 pixels in size. Fig. 3. Examples of images from MNIST. ### 3.3 COIL-100 The COIL-100 database [20] contains a set of 7, 200 colored images of 100 objects on a black background. Each object in the database is represented by 72 images. Figure 4 shows an example of the image from the original dataset. Fig. 4. A random image from COIL-100 database. Images were resized to 20 by 20 pixels and then grayscaled using the following formula for calculating luminance [21]: where: * – luminance of a pixel; * – are red, green and blue components of a pixel. For the training dataset it was chosen to use 40 images for each object and the other 32 images were used for the test dataset. In total 4, 000 images were used for the training dataset and 3, 200 for the test dataset. ## 4 Experimental Setting ### 4.1 Initial Architecture of the Deep Neural Network The architecture of an artificial neural network in the experiment is not constant and can change during the evolution process. However, we still have to define an initial architecture of the neural network. It was decided to initialize an architecture of the network with one hidden layer only and see if it evolves into a deep neural network. Table 1 describes a shape of the networks used at the initial stage for each benchmark. Table 1. Initial architectures of neural networks. Benchmark problem | ANN shape ---|--- Brodatz Textures | Handwritten digits | COIL-100 | It is important to notice that the evolved networks are truly deep: the number of hidden layers was varying between 4 and 5. For example, one of the evolutionary processes for COIL-100 benchmark produced a deep neural network with 4 hidden layers: . ### 4.2 Node Transfer Functions The list of transfer functions was used to evolve a DNN. Table 2 shows which functions were used. The default values of and for Unipolar Sigmoid, Sigmoid Prime, Hyperbolic and Bipolar functions are: , The default values of and for Gaussian function are: , . Table 2. List of node transfer functions. Function name | Equation ---|--- Step | Unipolar Sigmoid | Gaussian | Sigmoid Prime | Hyperbolic Sigmoid | Bipolar Sigmoid | ### 4.3 Representation of the Deep Evolutionary Neural Network We are going to use a NeuroEvolutionary approach to train a deep neural network in our system. Therefore, we have to decide how the network should be represented and which search operators should be used for the evolutionary process. A chromosome contains: 1. 1. An array of matrices with connection weights which are represented as real numbers. 2. 2. A matrix of NTFs for hidden layers and the output layer of the deep neural network. 3. 3. A matrix with parameters which are represented as objects for node transfer functions. Fig. 5. Graphical representation of a chromosome. Figure 5 shows a graphical representation of a chromosome in a DNN, where: n is a number of layers, , , ..., are matrices of connection weights between input-hidden, hidden-hidden and hidden-output nodes; , , ..., are arrays of transfer functions associated with each layer; , , ..., are arrays of parameters for each node transfer function. ### 4.4 Search Operators In the experiment we decided to use both crossover and mutation search operators to evolve a deep neural network. A population size in one generation is 100 chromosomes. The population is generated with a random number of hidden layers, random connection weights and transfer functions. We applied a randomized version of the crossover operator. The system takes two neighboring chromosomes and makes a copy of the first one, which forms a child chromosome. Then it iterates through all layers in the second chromosome and chooses at random a connection weight and a node transfer function to be copied into the child chromosome. The number of randomly chosen connection weights and transfer functions equals to , where n is the number of neurons in the layer of the current iteration. The mutation operator applies for both current chromosomes and for chromosomes generated as the result of the crossover procedure. A probability of the mutation in the connection weights and node transfer functions is . For connection weights, a mutation operator creates a random index for each layer and changes a connection weight value between and , where is the current value of connection weight and r is a randomly generated values between 0 and 1. For node transfer functions, a mutation operator also creates a random index for each layer and replaces a function located at that position with a random transfer function from the predefined list. For evolving parameters in node transfer functions, the mutation operator changes a value of between and 5.0. A value of changes between and 5.0 for Gaussian function and between 1.0 and 5.0 for Sigmoid, Sigmoid Prime, Hyperbolic and Bipolar functions. The generated population contains deep neural networks of different depth ranging from 1 to 5 hidden layers and it is not a subject to change during the evolutionary process. For an architecture, a mutation operator at first chooses a layer of the neural network, then it randomly chooses which operator to apply: add or remove. Add operator adds a new neuron to the previously chosen layer. Remove operators removes the last node from the layer. A probability of mutating an architecture of a deep neural network is . ## 5 Results For each benchmark problem 20 experiments were performed: 10 experiments for evolving a deep neural network with the sigmoid transfer function in each neuron and 10 experiments where node transfer functions were evolved for each neuron. Connection weights and architecture were simultaneously evolved during the NeuroEvolutionary process in all experiments. Each experiment contains 100 iterations. The result of each experiment is a number, which represents the root-mean-square error (RMSE) associated with running a network on the test data set. RMSE is defined by means of the following formula: (1) where: Table 3. Results for Brodatz Textures. N |

[ 320, 773, 531, 668, 3811, 33494, 326, 14488, 3638, 28423, 281, 7102, 253, 6105, 15, 2656, 13, 253, 3392, 13, 1057, 417, 1818, 13, 344, 310, 253, 1072, 11066, 13, 3063, 13, 285, 11654, 15, 380, 6105, 273, 7670, 2828, 13, 604, 352, 457, 84, 327, 6149, 13, 3198, 281, 320, 247, 6105, 326, 369, 16789, 407, 2828, 342, 253, 12153, 273, 1249, 30828, 868, 13, 247, 33494, 13, 285, 954, 15538, 13, 253, 14959, 3639, 273, 7122, 407, 253, 23157, 327, 273, 3564, 407, 1110, 665, 452, 253, 6265, 15, 187, 187, 2347, 513, 368, 871, 1780, 300, 457, 84, 4468, 310, 33842, 32, 733, 778, 320, 13, 533, 368, 403, 275, 642, 1899, 281, 871, 15, 831, 310, 271, 39670, 6015, 4468, 407, 1142, 952, 665, 403, 33842, 13, 533, 281, 871, 326, 667, 581, 1436, 457, 84, 2048, 273, 253, 4468, 310, 33842, 13, 368, 651, 452, 281, 871, 1633, 625, 670, 253, 1436, 685, 253, 958, 326, 597, 39544, 313, 263, 4159, 10, 824, 247, 4468, 15, 187, 187, 2906, 300, 457, 84, 4468, 795, 261, 64, 247, 795, 1851, 42858, 64, 581, 13, 33842, 390, 417, 15, 5402, 12252, 2299, 13, 310, 271, 4755, 285, 21210, 10358, 323, 34275, 1204, 390, 247, 2074, 745, 40719, 15, 380, 13534, 1057, 417, 1329, 326, 2656, 18107, 521, 952, 949, 773, 531, 668, 33494, 15, 401, 34416, 13, 627, 497, 2709, 45888, 773, 250, 32177, 3638, 28423, 6598, 1707, 497, 417, 13265, 30828, 868, 1919, 253, 673, 273, 2828, 13, 285, 436, 1180, 20578, 323, 1679, 685, 247, 5978, 15, 6279, 13, 253, 643, 30828, 868, 7932, 4268, 284, 13, 533, 840, 627, 310, 642, 3748, 273, 253, 15706, 273, 253, 643, 30828, 868, 347, 597, 497, 16172, 90, 433, 15, 5220, 13, 604, 359, 1379, 10369, 5171, 457, 84, 4060, 347, 773, 522, 493, 282, 668, 281, 253, 12390, 13, 840, 627, 497, 27291, 323, 247, 2159, 673, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1635, 13, 627, 310, 1652, 1921, 281, 2868, 326, 253, 9140, 273, 45368, 651, 7933, 4035, 15, 5171, 457, 84, 25527, 1056, 2590, 326, 512, 273, 253, 17714, 273, 253, 5968, 313, 10387, 45368, 13, 8288, 275, 50102, 13, 28065, 20658, 723, 13, 3966, 2698, 651, 22907, 281, 320, 795, 16829, 64, 2389, 15, 187, 187, 10971, 13, 281, 752, 513, 368, 3730, 342, 253, 1307, 773, 3225, 383, 3639, 43820, 1310, 368, 1599, 10954, 390, 638, 24751, 13, 326, 25368, 281, 2226, 342, 253, 13701, 273, 2828, 457, 84, 747, 33043, 15, 1876, 15600, 497, 638, 24751, 285, 954, 13, 604, 417, 512, 13, 497, 10954, 15, 1310, 368, 1599, 7038, 273, 253, 6105, 13, 841, 497, 3365, 6289, 281, 347, 773, 4486, 1821, 668, 390, 1633, 12014, 15786, 15, 1284, 323, 23157, 327, 273, 3564, 13, 436, 310, 671, 25333, 15, 8452, 10090, 3564, 327, 253, 806, 3558, 273, 253, 14959, 3639, 32, 1621, 3748, 273, 23157, 327, 273, 3564, 310, 5393, 275, 253, 2395, 273, 19464, 886, 493, 275, 5922, 330, 15, 38, 537, 1737, 795, 261, 64, 5393, 310, 2656, 457, 84, 18465, 5968, 13, 534, 4419, 642, 3564, 285, 476, 320, 1677, 281, 3780, 407, 2656, 387, 5913, 673, 2656, 28467, 15, 380, 760, 2590, 1941, 359, 403, 1677, 313, 3529, 309, 871, 273, 10, 281, 5963, 273, 824, 10023, 273, 5968, 310, 5950, 275, 7667, 255, 2458, 608, 13, 253, 18098, 273, 253, 5968, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 2644, 5955, 18200, 479, 347, 20873, 15, 4952, 604, 359, 2997, 253, 2934, 273, 1495, 846, 2471, 285, 253, 4473, 273, 773, 248, 7603, 668, 313, 4609, 309, 1053, 457, 85, 582, 752, 897, 651, 7670, 452, 323, 521, 29325, 1245, 13, 11069, 2133, 32, 187, 1231, 512, 871, 326, 8248, 273, 253, 3846, 10027, 13, 597, 403, 273, 642, 897, 275, 773, 248, 7603, 6598, 1310, 13926, 4961, 387, 512, 13, 352, 1364, 2057, 320, 26956, 342, 2133, 14, 1417, 773, 30917, 953, 7521, 390, 4130, 4850, 247, 5322, 747, 2133, 313, 5430, 1711, 310, 436, 2133, 309, 4282, 14677, 1707, 310, 642, 878, 13, 390, 897, 323, 634, 1711, 3520, 13, 7565, 314, 2133, 15, 187, 510, 5004, 1386, 310, 27, 6049, 651, 7670, 878, 281, 294, 14, 16441, 521, 1711, 2133, 13, 672, 4130, 2010, 4850, 247, 5322, 747, 581, 8220, 187, 2042, 19639, 2042, 7670, 457, 84, 2133, 773, 3431, 6243, 1096, 668, 432, 253, 26908, 13, 4518, 3095, 4395, 352, 2, 1621, 5545, 281, 2007, 253, 40926, 15873, 3753, 273, 253, 2362, 15, 329, 3846, 2133, 323, 512, 281, 923, 651, 2238, 273, 1379, 1977, 253, 10721, 432, 253, 2774, 13, 651, 352, 417, 32, 6491, 651, 3037, 326, 5747, 512, 326, 369, 753, 13, 275, 253, 990, 521, 2133, 369, 347, 3846, 347, 667, 643, 35093, 13, 285, 342, 352, 651, 3150, 512, 1869, 326, 344, 369, 667, 1027, 432, 3780, 2010, 15, 21461, 417, 253, 4840, 13560, 846, 512, 2, 3105, 1175, 323, 29957, 2, 187, 187, 1619, 1284, 597, 13781, 253, 7773, 281, 534, 597, 497, 1469, 13, 7670, 4821, 327, 347, 604, 344, 497, 1469, 21816, 15, 3285, 1292, 597, 18343, 779, 7052, 13, 773, 28412, 342, 441, 13, 323, 352, 310, 4829, 7237, 28, 253, 1388, 310, 2761, 689, 1425, 1893, 344, 2427, 275, 281, 3297, 342, 731, 15, 187, 187, 1229, 2091, 344, 369, 387, 253, 2829, 342, 731, 13, 344, 2335, 10238, 13, 3534, 6701, 13, 9377, 352, 285, 3407, 281, 1918, 352, 281, 731, 15, 4562, 2635, 616, 2927, 497, 5485, 285, 597, 7478, 779, 13, 285, 344, 15159, 432, 616, 8184, 15, 4567, 1583, 2546, 1016, 643, 13, 773, 41192, 417, 776, 15060, 13195, 1561, 441, 1223, 344, 10062, 342, 441, 327, 253, 3971, 285, 5485, 253, 20378, 980, 281, 441, 7721, 187, 187, 1610, 1583, 1694, 598, 285, 4895, 387, 2378, 281, 17913, 15, 1707, 597, 1119, 253, 49075, 285, 1110, 342, 731, 13, 17412, 2366, 5910, 285, 3981, 13, 773, 1147, 310, 2032, 2, 380, 6203, 556, 28987, 285, 556, 5420, 281, 14698, 1425, 4791, 2635, 253, 767, 2183, 752, 574, 4592, 327, 253, 1039, 13, 285, 849, 7670, 369, 7478, 407, 731, 672, 344, 9377, 253, 10238, 15, 187, 187, 17304, 368, 1663, 2868, 667, 273, 436, 604, 352, 313, 38653, 15376, 10, 4592, 3063, 32, 844, 452, 5396, 13693, 982, 8785, 562, 512, 16308, 273, 6326, 773, 17001, 13853, 668, 3063, 13, 2568, 642, 581, 275, 253, 4255, 3936, 731, 10369, 15, 187, 6436, 368, 403, 3240, 5480, 281, 2868, 13, 1474, 483, 314, 13, 40926, 15873, 25527, 432, 6763, 273, 1107, 3622, 15, 2053, 17438, 497, 3542, 407, 952, 13, 665, 13, 407, 3063, 457, 84, 7465, 13, 497, 28884, 43401, 15, 19906, 479, 13, 752, 858, 7670, 2028, 28473, 13, 326, 253, 952, 273, 521, 673, 858, 417, 2168, 871, 32, 1359, 1142, 4852, 651, 452, 644, 9809, 604, 344, 574, 2183, 952, 670, 14638, 84, 13, 285, 15140, 731, 281, 14841, 616, 3564, 1078, 9123, 32, 187, 510, 773, 1665, 273, 2656, 668, 651, 871, 670, 14638, 84, 15, 7670, 9090, 858, 417, 13, 390, 344, 651, 452, 638, 2729, 1633, 7777, 4217, 281, 28473, 15, 7670, 369, 313, 338, 344, 13164, 387, 512, 10, 247, 637, 13, 247, 1018, 43307, 50146, 4931, 13, 533, 1966, 13, 417, 34612, 285, 7613, 642, 44515, 15, 1422, 452, 281, 23277, 634, 4619, 43686, 447, 281, 1379, 667, 273, 436, 10369, 15, 187, 187, 25179, 13, 368, 403, 1077, 1199, 3430, 1060, 13, 14861, 15, 496, 253, 7225, 273, 253, 5405, 13, 46855, 13, 5913, 368, 971, 281, 1067, 352, 13, 2656, 4245, 2067, 4803, 670, 1146, 2634, 16437, 16433, 411, 3834, 616, 3564, 896, 840, 310, 760, 1896, 604, 359, 452, 21961, 13, 534, 310, 417, 326, 1711, 271, 3688, 15, 5595, 314, 816, 1824, 285, 44221, 313, 4609, 2506, 457, 85, 5159, 2712, 30970, 187, 187, 11389, 13, 476, 368, 5513, 849, 773, 249, 1340, 281, 320, 806, 13, 368, 1364, 320, 1390, 668, 310, 247, 9551, 5662, 685, 7670, 457, 2940, 670, 84, 327, 253, 7565, 32, 6279, 13, 247, 2257, 273, 752, 754, 10256, 369, 2634, 744, 11976, 326, 369, 629, 273, 253, 1127, 273, 253, 8937, 26529, 15, 22660, 1039, 13, 4496, 1908, 752, 309, 2183, 368, 672, 368, 3597, 281, 30080, 253, 4737, 273, 253, 501, 459, 421, 15, 187, 187, 4509, 247, 3158, 4384, 3186, 27, 187, 19159, 2892, 510, 18353, 5950, 1941, 273, 253, 3275, 273, 21961, 14, 3022, 4753, 12282, 896, 281, 1475, 3349, 361, 12895, 275, 32198, 37125, 4681, 22, 62, 496, 253, 19485, 273, 427, 357, 251, 301, 316, 313, 35466, 1253, 32941, 46730, 10, 247, 13612, 323, 21961, 14278, 273, 1484, 31498, 100, 21362, 544, 13539, 1092, 2645, 7100, 544, 25746, 62, 285, 16517, 482, 544, 24270, 4166, 62, 773, 1542, 17392, 253, 17380, 323, 253, 21133, 6838, 668, 4681, 23, 62, 329, 7212, 323, 21961, 11253, 273, 1824, 13, 42391, 13, 285, 20725, 571, 4166, 369, 3542, 327, 247, 37125, 757, 24272, 19801, 1475, 374, 1518, 12895, 15, 187, 187, 510, 444, 1653, 13860, 22932, 313, 38, 9565, 13, 1458, 1235, 12895, 10, 6492, 326, 9129, 10253, 2458, 10464, 742, 11719, 285, 5678, 5893, 285, 21436, 24201, 342, 28790, 26793, 281, 2794, 247, 21961, 14, 3022, 10359, 15, 22437, 7177, 3748, 326, 247, 21961, 14, 3022, 10359, 369, 908, 275, 253, 9008, 273, 25818, 323, 49840, 15, 187, 187, 2598, 4518, 13, 14136, 7670, 2218, 1633, 4217, 13, 824, 347, 5513, 14638, 3762, 15, 13134, 621, 273, 952, 812, 452, 37081, 432, 352, 15, 187, 187, 41849, 13, 187, 1276, 23203, 6934, 5738, 16, 27035, 10256, 369, 323, 12435, 2802, 19480, 15385, 1422, 403, 7378, 281, 2613, 634, 9927, 985, 2220, 12717, 23229, 13, 1014, 13, 22973, 12717, 23229, 15, 380, 4181, 368, 403, 7378, 281, 564, 281, 45577, 15101, 273, 9551, 2717, 4217, 310, 7746, 285, 492, 614, 15, 329, 20028, 273, 849, 1199, 789, 352, 3936, 281, 13292, 15101, 15, 3323, 84, 32, 10712, 24744, 32, 187, 1992, 21927, 366, 634, 4154, 309, 3959, 368, 436, 27, 187, 4967, 513, 368, 9428, 352, 369, 253, 2840, 273, 247, 3167, 281, 14841, 253, 4669, 273, 12958, 347, 597, 5966, 715, 521, 2419, 32, 187, 1328, 858, 417, 8138, 3032, 673, 9551, 731, 849, 281, 31179, 616, 533, 1641, 13, 513, 616, 17114, 13, 390, 667, 643, 273, 253, 3520, 8041, 1972, 597, 13353, 26193, 15, 14482, 368, 417, 26212, 15101, 323, 326, 347, 973, 32, 187, 187, 2347, 2223, 513, 26289, 1346, 2940, 715, 18307, 6629, 281, 9798, 2876, 3762, 32, 3771, 984, 7670, 3260, 670, 14638, 84, 285, 30250, 2506, 457, 85, 1599, 326, 253, 952, 344, 369, 9551, 651, 2096, 313, 783, 5859, 3589, 457, 85, 627, 2568, 481, 496, 958, 13, 7670, 310, 5950, 347, 1907, 753, 1633, 1077, 1199, 751, 436, 313, 8732, 1668, 27, 805, 582, 2167, 359, 3798, 5467, 326, 253, 3908, 310, 14339, 281, 45368, 285, 643, 12435, 35086, 15, 187, 187, 11389, 13, 352, 10095, 457, 85, 452, 644, 3309, 323, 7670, 281, 9798, 731, 773, 2703, 3762, 6598, 1583, 574, 2168, 644, 17189, 849, 281, 3693, 824, 10332, 275, 253, 1984, 273, 253, 1569, 15, 1707, 497, 1077, 7654, 4803, 670, 17392, 13, 670, 1966, 8138, 1146, 4934, 3345, 773, 783, 2986, 668, 313, 17873, 417, 26193, 407, 2571, 13, 270, 7553, 582, 285, 773, 371, 5746, 1100, 668, 323, 773, 328, 16437, 668, 7732, 15, 9240, 1563, 1110, 7997, 812, 6830, 1805, 3693, 14638, 84, 685, 952, 665, 4336, 2096, 752, 14638, 84, 403, 15, 11056, 13, 359, 2096, 14638, 84, 13, 285, 1335, 359, 1509, 10332, 432, 1436, 281, 1436, 275, 829, 5954, 15, 6676, 273, 253, 25894, 10332, 452, 644, 6331, 417, 407, 15423, 4116, 281, 14638, 28772, 313, 2004, 326, 5604, 7729, 582, 533, 281, 7062, 7097, 13, 18042, 13, 285, 643, 28770, 273, 4980, 9921, 15, 187, 187, 41849, 15, 7670, 3589, 457, 85, 9202, 273, 3626, 2471, 13, 285, 344, 3589, 457, 85, 9202, 273, 952, 13889, 273, 3626, 2471, 15, 7670, 457, 4468, 369, 342, 616, 12435, 2471, 534, 651, 1421, 281, 23251, 2471, 285, 21207, 15, 1893, 7670, 2210, 281, 3984, 670, 23251, 1495, 13, 1199, 625, 15585, 685, 14638, 84, 15, 187, 187, 42, 476, 457, 85, 3984, 323, 512, 15600, 13, 533, 4266, 15, 309, 2868, 275, 253, 44515 ]

be “one” living prophet that receives constant revelation to guide the church. God, the father, does not change, he is the same yesterday, today, and forever. The church of Jesus Christ, if it’s on earth, needs to be a church that was restored by Christ with the foundation of 12 apostles, a prophet, and most importantly, the priesthood of god by the laying on of hands by those who have the authority. How do you know Aril’s concern is sincere? It may be, but you are in no position to know. This is an oft repeated concern by many people who are sincere, but to know that any one person’s expression of the concern is sincere, you would have to know something more about the person than the fact that they voiced (or wrote) such a concern. Aril’s concern _is_ a _legitimate_ one, sincere or not. Your reply however, is an obvious and erroneous plug for Mormonism or a similar offshoot. The Bible does not support that God guided his people through “one” prophet. Frequently, there were multiple prophets “receiving constant revelation”. There were not twelve apostles until the time of Christ, and this number lasted for less than a generation. Yes, the other apostles replaced Judas, but then there is no mention of the replacing of the other apostles as they were martyred. Also, if we take seriously Paul’s title as “apostle” to the nations, then there were thirteen for a short time. In addition, there is little reason to believe that the gift of prophecy would necessarily continue. Paul’s writings make clear that all of the gifts of the spirit (including prophecy, speaking in tongues, miracle healings, etc.) would cease to be _except_ love. Finally, to what do you refer with the term “priesthood”? If you mean teachers or preachers, that ceased to exist with the establishment of Christ’s new covenant. All Christians were preachers and most, if not all, were teachers. If you mean leaders of the church, these were simply referred to as “older men” or something similarly translated. As for laying on of hands, this is also nonsense. Who laid hands on the first member of the priesthood? No mention of laying on of hands is mentioned in the account of Pentecost in 33 C.E.. What _is_ mentioned is God’s holy spirit, which requires no hands and can be given to anyone by God at whatever time God chooses. The only clear evidence we are given (that I know of) to judge of such possession of spirit is recorded in Galatians 5, the fruits of the spirit. This whole discussion strikes me as absurd. Even if we accept the idea of life after death and the concept of “heaven” (which I don’t), what use would Jesus have for his crucified, destroyed body? We all know that bodies of the dead decay, they are of no use in “heaven”. If heaven exists at all, it must either be populated with body-less “spirits”, or everyone gets a nice new body (how old is this body I wonder?) There is no need, or use for your old physical, Earthly body. The bottom line is: Why would Jesus need to re-cycle his old body, when everyone else gets a nice new one?? If….If Jesus’s body “disappeared” from the tomb, clearly someone moved it! No doubt to further the miraculous nature of the event. A dead body for all to see would kind of take away the magic from the moment, would it not? People would learn that despite all that was said, in the end his body was as dead as any other corpse, and with it would die all thought that he was any different from anyone else. Clearly not the messiah after all! Not good for publicity! 28 As they approached the village to which they were going, Jesus continued on as if he were going farther. 29 But they urged him strongly, “Stay with us, for it is nearly evening; the day is almost over.” So he went in to stay with them. 30 When he was at the table with them, he took bread, gave thanks, broke it and began to give it to them. 31 Then their eyes were opened and they recognized him, and he disappeared from their sight. 32 They asked each other, “Were not our hearts burning within us while he talked with us on the road and opened the Scriptures to us?” 33 They got up and returned at once to Jerusalem. There they found the Eleven and those with them, assembled together 34 and saying, “It is true! The Lord has risen and has appeared to Simon.” 35 Then the two told what had happened on the way, and how Jesus was recognized by them when he broke the bread. Would you really believe any of this if it (allegedly) happened today? We have Indian mystics carrying out all sorts of supposed “miracles” today, yet no one in the West takes them seriously. However you are quite prepared to believe, devoutly, miraculous writings from thousands of years ago. These texts were written by people, who, by today’s standards, were ignorant peasants. Tell me, what did Jesus tell mankind, that the people of his time did not already know? How many lives would have been saved if he had told people about germs, and advised them to wash their hands before eating? The “son of God” would know about germs. Jesus obviously did not, or he would have preached something truly useful to mankind. Jesus was (if he existed at all) a man, a charismatic preacher perhaps, but human, not supernatural and hence no resurrection. You have to surrender your critical faculties to take any of this seriously. Actually, you are very much wrong here, Tony. In the Book of the Law, Torah, whatever you want to call it, God gives several rules about being `clean`. Washing their hands back then is only possible if we have soap, which is not that old an invention. Mostly just water and perfume (which doesn’t kill anything!). Further, can you explain how “in order to be first, you must be last” is a teaching older than Jesus’ walk abouts on the Earth? Yes, a lot of what He taught was `old`, that was part of the point of the Old Testament. Either way, please consider what I told you when you tried to rebut the proof of the resurection. From a quick web search: Early historyThe earliest recorded evidence of the production of soap-like materials dates back to around 2800 BC in Ancient Babylon.[5] In the reign of Nabonidus (556–539 BCE) a recipe for soap consisted of uḥulu [ashes], cypress [oil] and sesame [seed oil] “for washing the stones for the servant girls”.[6] A formula for soap consisting of water, alkali, and cassia oil was written on a Babylonian clay tablet around 2200 BC. The Ebers papyrus (Egypt, 1550 BC) indicates that ancient Egyptians bathed regularly and combined animal and vegetable oils with alkaline salts to create a soap-like substance. Egyptian documents mention that a soap-like substance was used in the preparation of wool for weaving. So clearly, Had Jesus done something useful, such as explain germ theory. Millions of people could have benefited from it. Tony, What Yeoshua/Jesus taught was for spiritual ‘food’. You are willing to base your belief system upon tangibles, even, microscopic tangibles. The distance you are willing to go to accuse Him of teaching nothing useful is telling and trite. A demonstration of how much work it takes to deny Him. Germs? .. Really? To placate your argument I offer you this: Why do you suppose it was the custom of a host to wash the feet of guests as they entered into his house? He did not waste His time teaching them how to wipe their butts, do their dishes, or any other of the physical attendances they surely practiced. Should you not condemned Him for that as well? How often do physicists walk into elementary schools to teach string theory? Just because Jesus knew about germs and microorganisms doesn’t mean that the people he was teaching would understand (the science wasn’t there yet). In fact, Jesus is recorded as having said something very much like this (John 16:12), though we usually assume that the statement is referring to prophecy and other spiritual truths. Further, it shouldn’t have been necessary for Jesus to teach them “string theory”. They had already been instructed how to avoid such infections in the book of the law. There were very strict rules about washing, about human waste being kept outside “the camp” (something not practiced by others, btw), and “quarantines” for “unclean” persons. Those following those instructions could possibly better avoid germs than people who completely understand what germs are. Today, we understand germs, and still we pass infections from person to person incessantly. Many of the lethal infections have been stopped not by extraordinary attention to germ avoidance (though that certainly helps), but to vaccinations, antibiotics, and other wonders of modern medicine. Tony. Jesus wasn’t afraid of natural death, and he wasn’t afraid of people dying of natural death. Jesus’ concern was with their spiritual death which would lead to eternal death and torture. So Jesus came to speak about eternal life, much more profound than germs. I can’t speak for all Christians, but myself. I believe in the resurrection

[ 313, 16441, 337, 481, 380, 954, 3332, 5880, 313, 16441, 898, 10, 369, 2684, 275, 4332, 15, 496, 1016, 5880, 13, 247, 1846, 873, 273, 1786, 3533, 310, 2546, 281, 253, 15102, 15, 733, 3797, 3533, 670, 6255, 1786, 285, 973, 14, 11952, 13, 2728, 285, 1786, 3708, 13, 12461, 13, 1786, 1557, 4981, 5837, 13, 347, 973, 347, 14898, 285, 18522, 14, 17989, 2515, 15, 10635, 327, 253, 954, 3332, 15126, 544, 14231, 1092, 15102, 497, 2104, 281, 3426, 253, 6630, 4572, 428, 2057, 407, 11265, 390, 2454, 14, 936, 14, 1664, 428, 275, 581, 273, 253, 3495, 2022, 11515, 13452, 275, 6144, 15, 187, 187, 11586, 11491, 187, 187, 688, 253, 1986, 11491, 13, 253, 3270, 14, 12722, 30879, 8721, 1319, 3162, 273, 4267, 11029, 281, 4017, 253, 3570, 273, 512, 4292, 275, 9643, 285, 556, 247, 2590, 1618, 273, 773, 18641, 5319, 668, 824, 347, 2363, 13, 12564, 13, 8645, 17279, 5930, 13, 7875, 285, 5079, 11696, 13, 10438, 285, 45171, 414, 13, 5492, 13, 9596, 285, 9927, 13, 2825, 285, 5615, 11259, 544, 11838, 1570, 4129, 352, 310, 417, 271, 6843, 26777, 323, 11250, 273, 31691, 275, 2561, 253, 3162, 1057, 4647, 281, 247, 1180, 273, 10545, 8248, 534, 778, 11377, 275, 2561, 4712, 1690, 2208, 20036, 13, 2579, 11967, 13, 18652, 285, 4730, 11967, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3313, 4775, 6631, 275, 253, 5591, 556, 14969, 253, 6349, 273, 11250, 273, 773, 11958, 285, 15156, 16175, 668, 313, 35, 5288, 10, 7888, 544, 16607, 1570, 733, 310, 25048, 326, 841, 7888, 452, 30560, 1786, 6973, 13, 247, 12217, 1495, 36082, 285, 10183, 275, 13546, 2289, 281, 1786, 1557, 342, 6255, 1786, 1146, 273, 1798, 4468, 544, 14555, 1570, 329, 2620, 14, 2913, 2250, 2098, 1925, 253, 6304, 36731, 23752, 8721, 1319, 275, 29077, 4775, 313, 37, 1848, 10, 369, 4232, 275, 5826, 342, 253, 4736, 273, 8493, 25930, 323, 378, 5288, 7888, 3782, 275, 5886, 281, 616, 2793, 273, 285, 5016, 342, 6255, 1786, 3238, 544, 16989, 1570, 329, 2278, 273, 253, 399, 1848, 3636, 247, 1534, 2572, 275, 253, 8119, 272, 273, 2561, 275, 841, 7888, 15, 4794, 281, 253, 399, 1848, 616, 2561, 556, 773, 2955, 9357, 441, 281, 3157, 16175, 8667, 13, 4271, 1175, 3946, 285, 2085, 1805, 1491, 281, 1363, 668, 544, 16989, 1570, 187, 187, 510, 5489, 5631, 593, 25780, 323, 4775, 285, 8404, 9776, 544, 16717, 62, 36264, 253, 689, 50238, 9241, 273, 1175, 2561, 25978, 15, 13658, 253, 7792, 10384, 281, 2561, 7763, 281, 1786, 285, 2675, 1557, 313, 74, 15, 70, 904, 1690, 2561, 12600, 281, 1345, 1786, 13, 2561, 20023, 407, 253, 4487, 273, 4775, 13, 3382, 285, 1327, 14, 20892, 2561, 13, 253, 3313, 4775, 6631, 313, 47, 8282, 10, 285, 643, 2561, 8248, 1561, 253, 1786, 285, 2675, 1557, 2718, 481, 4794, 281, 253, 25780, 544, 16717, 5218, 2802, 28743, 13, 285, 1110, 23453, 352, 13, 943, 1675, 253, 9991, 273, 1966, 5948, 285, 2515, 285, 253, 1554, 40319, 3753, 273, 5948, 15, 32271, 4623, 13, 352, 943, 1379, 2395, 273, 2363, 13, 12564, 13, 8645, 13, 5615, 11259, 13, 5492, 13, 4466, 285, 9596, 275, 697, 2216, 13, 33405, 13, 285, 9610, 15, 380, 2133, 273, 2561, 1941, 2130, 281, 3646, 22741, 943, 4887, 253, 9991, 273, 253, 3072, 9027, 187, 187, 510, 5591, 556, 247, 6255, 1786, 5927, 10895, 313, 46, 25695, 5942, 10, 544, 8970, 62, 326, 310, 271, 7012, 3313, 4775, 6631, 1491, 2629, 15, 733, 369, 4158, 281, 7257, 11088, 13, 31122, 5185, 285, 10870, 1436, 14, 3169, 1491, 327, 952, 275, 3057, 342, 19616, 6561, 6255, 1786, 3238, 15, 733, 10949, 3238, 2530, 275, 13240, 13, 29964, 25543, 285, 275, 253, 3114, 15, 380, 5927, 10895, 3797, 18172, 273, 1363, 457, 31908, 15, 4794, 281, 253, 10720, 28530, 8339, 12169, 323, 4775, 285, 8404, 9776, 1304, 544, 8970, 62, 773, 21166, 327, 253, 31908, 273, 952, 970, 3238, 310, 1024, 2761, 3426, 323, 952, 665, 6947, 673, 275, 4675, 313, 4148, 15, 21, 591, 1399, 10, 285, 11289, 15, 22, 591, 1399, 3426, 323, 952, 665, 858, 417, 6947, 673, 275, 4675, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 1783, 407, 16175, 1387, 310, 2783, 3240, 9630, 6598, 187, 187, 34, 3872, 20740, 273, 253, 31908, 273, 275, 34732, 275, 28530, 285, 3907, 6255, 1786, 285, 4715, 12564, 3238, 275, 5854, 285, 15420, 556, 644, 5196, 1580, 5826, 15, 380, 10720, 1304, 2692, 326, 1491, 670, 31908, 369, 2130, 323, 10508, 6, 273, 512, 1363, 544, 18795, 1570, 187, 187, 11586, 2077, 273, 3968, 187, 187, 688, 253, 1986, 2077, 273, 3968, 253, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 313, 13652, 41, 10, 403, 37310, 407, 1569, 281, 5416, 253, 11250, 273, 15156, 2390, 275, 3382, 2561, 15, 380, 11250, 273, 841, 15156, 2390, 275, 3382, 2561, 1364, 320, 275, 247, 5133, 326, 310, 4569, 281, 253, 8249, 1953, 762, 1263, 544, 17472, 1570, 31279, 1005, 1364, 320, 2908, 275, 512, 3382, 2561, 2175, 13, 3782, 275, 19368, 6490, 3382, 7587, 13, 285, 253, 7587, 1364, 320, 4158, 281, 1581, 3588, 1783, 15, 380, 1569, 11120, 3054, 326, 2105, 310, 417, 12207, 347, 247, 1921, 323, 14978, 273, 15156, 7625, 15, 15022, 2561, 4893, 326, 1891, 281, 2486, 31691, 1293, 5277, 247, 3588, 1921, 778, 320, 4895, 1293, 2278, 15, 187, 187, 22737, 285, 31691, 778, 760, 320, 10432, 604, 11250, 275, 247, 3382, 2561, 1263, 310, 27, 187, 187, 249, 15976, 342, 1675, 281, 253, 1786, 273, 253, 5705, 28, 187, 187, 249, 15976, 342, 1675, 281, 253, 4096, 273, 253, 2561, 28, 187, 187, 249, 15976, 762, 824, 643, 5989, 347, 253, 9966, 273, 28569, 778, 42638, 28, 390, 187, 187, 783, 9600, 778, 2085, 326, 11250, 275, 247, 2332, 310, 417, 2424, 604, 627, 310, 6832, 8249, 941, 17227, 326, 627, 310, 642, 1534, 3064, 875, 313, 66, 10, 253, 2538, 326, 253, 4903, 281, 320, 5421, 275, 253, 2332, 452, 327, 2255, 390, 2758, 273, 15156, 2390, 13, 2975, 285, 313, 67, 10, 253, 2538, 326, 253, 4903, 452, 327, 253, 4292, 665, 651, 5752, 347, 5705, 275, 253, 2332, 275, 253, 2362, 326, 824, 11250, 310, 417, 2424, 544, 16271, 1570, 187, 187, 7542, 9354, 28569, 556, 14949, 16387, 19737, 11250, 941, 323, 1263, 7625, 949, 247, 12544, 985, 281, 5416, 10276, 342, 253, 11250, 3646, 15, 496, 6752, 28569, 4391, 253, 5981, 273, 941, 9610, 432, 5678, 5492, 285, 31908, 5981, 281, 17055, 285, 9610, 1491, 327, 5492, 285, 31908, 11794, 544, 17161, 1570, 831, 2530, 5927, 7465, 323, 11850, 13, 17055, 285, 9610, 941, 327, 5492, 285, 31908, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10630, 556, 253, 987, 281, 452, 3238, 12021, 281, 3290, 29299, 281, 4271, 16273, 19103, 285, 281, 5416, 7465, 403, 1313, 60, 18, 1570, 187, 187, 3351, 17460, 420, 273, 3872, 941, 18406, 2866, 588, 320, 4619, 281, 253, 2216, 285, 29646, 273, 3238, 285, 8525, 13, 285, 281, 253, 8137, 273, 2579, 18388, 60, 15054, 1570, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 1142, 2762, 7234, 273, 3646, 6860, 275, 5886, 281, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 275, 3872, 6255, 1786, 7823, 285, 8130, 428, 275, 253, 21978, 273, 12484, 285, 26231, 9594, 13, 275, 253, 3313, 29077, 4775, 27761, 13, 275, 2709, 2418, 285, 36943, 7823, 285, 6255, 1786, 5827, 13, 285, 4102, 275, 253, 6392, 2696, 8669, 4251, 323, 3313, 29077, 4775, 27828, 15, 187, 187, 6436, 13, 627, 310, 14257, 642, 9610, 407, 16342, 390, 2418, 285, 36943, 13001, 8664, 7092, 273, 3646, 6860, 275, 5886, 281, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 390, 7103, 273, 7092, 15, 733, 310, 417, 1896, 281, 3653, 1880, 627, 556, 644, 667, 7756, 275, 28054, 285, 29302, 3114, 6255, 1786, 13, 2289, 281, 6255, 1786, 3238, 390, 6973, 273, 3057, 342, 6255, 1786, 3238, 15, 187, 187, 30381, 22853, 14, 4478, 4215, 2561, 327, 6255, 1786, 273, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 556, 20714, 1774, 16039, 715, 253, 6255, 1786, 273, 1798, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 13, 29647, 273, 6255, 1786, 285, 9749, 285, 6127, 273, 897, 273, 6255, 1786, 3238, 15, 1723, 436, 2561, 310, 3710, 285, 1057, 417, 2085, 247, 18893, 2395, 273, 253, 6255, 1786, 273, 6976, 457, 84, 30865, 37, 3072, 15, 7087, 1057, 352, 3662, 21038, 1774, 3646, 14, 285, 3946, 14, 15477, 3533, 15, 743, 2523, 273, 1798, 6349, 275, 5886, 281, 30865, 37, 7888, 310, 253, 3480, 273, 12082, 5839, 285, 4685, 273, 253, 24302, 285, 13379, 273, 5870, 285, 1557, 2967, 8664, 6255, 1786, 285, 9749, 285, 6255, 1786, 3238, 13, 285, 253, 2793, 273, 2758, 273, 8951, 37, 7888, 665, 1705, 715, 3057, 342, 6255, 1786, 3238, 15, 187, 187, 510, 954, 13631, 8310, 310, 253, 4618, 7629, 275, 4342, 2439, 1027, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 15, 831, 7629, 6125, 247, 9865, 285, 32638, 1701, 5107, 281, 24181, 1263, 3072, 2495, 285, 12107, 2616, 323, 6255, 1786, 285, 9749, 326, 651, 320, 273, 14779, 10527, 285, 8542, 6349, 323, 253, 2644, 9943, 3072, 15, 187, 187, 510, 5020, 273, 9943, 6255, 1786, 2561, 1057, 417, 18212, 2486, 28054, 285, 29302, 3530, 15, 380, 1180, 273, 2175, 326, 452, 5742, 2908, 10599, 8612, 3530, 273, 28054, 285, 29302, 7625, 390, 326, 452, 11120, 6949, 1554, 40319, 6255, 1786, 3374, 310, 1077, 1355, 15, 1737, 359, 9592, 871, 670, 253, 6255, 1786, 273, 253, 9943, 14, 6448, 3072, 359, 513, 417, 871, 670, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2130, 1941, 5936, 326, 275, 13, 6976, 13, 6782, 16618, 3176, 281, 452, 2406, 8996, 273, 6255, 9749, 685, 513, 253, 9943, 14, 6448, 15, 1707, 310, 3839, 642, 3064, 2361, 275, 8996, 273, 6255, 9360, 875, 28054, 285, 9943, 14, 6448, 2151, 15, 733, 310, 417, 2590, 1880, 627, 310, 275, 958, 247, 2406, 8996, 273, 6255, 9360, 275, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 390, 1880, 436, 6452, 310, 271, 39624, 12690, 273, 253, 2561, 3082, 908, 15, 35329, 670, 253, 3388, 8996, 273, 6255, 9749, 275, 21344, 14, 6448, 45373, 778, 973, 320, 7899, 13, 533, 253, 2130, 941, 4483, 642, 11815, 281, 320, 8392, 670, 8996, 275, 1014, 253, 6253, 28054, 7888, 15, 380, 14978, 273, 28054, 285, 29302, 5014, 13, 3782, 1327, 14, 14376, 8288, 7732, 13, 432, 3872, 17276, 285, 432, 2060, 31634, 2561, 6493, 1057, 417, 1581, 667, 13224, 3908, 670, 8996, 273, 6255, 9360, 275, 2173, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 15, 187, 187, 34182, 641, 15979, 281, 2559, 2495, 273, 6255, 1786, 3237, 275, 30865, 37, 7625, 2486, 1698, 1801, 24485, 275, 4383, 13, 4858, 8928, 6489, 13, 2957, 273, 2810, 2021, 5533, 13, 24631, 273, 10346, 285, 14000, 281, 253, 747, 2586, 13, 3710, 3640, 273, 253, 1786, 985, 13, 14977, 5445, 1078, 10346, 13, 285, 3710, 5107, 281, 20420, 897, 28155, 6936, 15, 38182, 326, 3176, 281, 320, 12107, 273, 6255, 1786, 2486, 9596, 13, 2266, 2675, 1329, 285, 1805, 4383, 1801, 24485, 15, 11709, 326, 2085, 1491, 670, 29647, 452, 417, 644, 24181, 6730, 281, 3812, 9630, 11815, 8664, 2495, 285, 12107, 2616, 323, 6255, 1786, 285, 9749, 390, 670, 6127, 273, 6255, 1786, 2579, 897, 15, 187, 187, 9244, 9429, 4142, 275, 30865, 37, 7625, 3839, 4887, 253, 4142, 275, 253, 2586, 273, 4201, 15, 4137, 24809, 32536, 275, 16618, 403, 2330, 342, 253, 20276, 3811, 8450, 275, 253, 3167, 2586, 285, 275, 253, 2586, 273, 6510, 15, 24747, 2021, 13403, 13, 9596, 285, 5899, 2193, 497, 2330, 342, 2406, 13184, 2495, 15, 380, 4618, 10575, 275, 13184, 4142, 2439, 28054, 285, 29302, 7888, 6125, 247, 9865, 285, 32638, 1701, 5107, 281, 24181, 1263, 3072, 2495, 285, 12107, 2616, 326, 778, 1089, 4618, 2898, 275, 253, 2440, 273, 625, 3576, 13184, 12212, 8130, 323, 253, 9943, 3072, 15, 187, 187, 7676, 4079, 265, 285, 23717, 44774, 403, 387, 3687, 2495, 273, 6684, 6255, 1786, 3237, 285, 39276, 32536, 685, 310, 253, 2087, 9943, 3072, 15, 46484, 543, 264, 22680, 556, 644, 1119, 281, 320, 2330, 342, 30560, 6255, 1786, 275, 19382, 285, 23717, 44774, 13, 3782, 2190, 2151, 15, 5131, 2616, 29189, 6255, 1786, 273, 19382, 285, 23717, 44774, 2486, 2793, 273, 1966, 3570, 15927, 13, 5445, 281, 7217, 285, 14207, 13, 327, 14, 5681, 11287, 6055, 48175, 285, 2793, 273, 638, 14, 78, 15037, 14977, 15, 187, 187, 34595, 13, 16618, 13, 19382, 285, 23717, 44774, 452, 2406, 4142, 273, 6255, 1786, 2579, 4981, 5837, 685, 253, 9943, 14, 6448 ]

(cycle 1). The most recent cycle (cycle 9) was performed in 2011. In each cycle, a common set of health questions is asked to the respondents. It includes questions about mental health and well-being, disease and health status, nutrition, health care utilisation, as well as lifestyle and socio-economic conditions. Based on the most recent questionnaire [144], respondents were able to complete the survey interview - either by telephone or face-to-face - in one of the 23 main languages spoken in Canada. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the anti-discrimination Equality Act of 2010 serves to protect the rights of all individuals in Britain and has a clear list of “protected characteristics” such as age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion and belief, sex and sexual orientation [145]. Although it is not an explicit directive for inclusion of minorities in research the Act does apply to a number of regulatory bodies which may engage in research activities including government departments, service providers, employers and education providers. The National Health Service in the UK has acknowledged the importance of inclusion of “black and minority ethnic” (BME) communities [146]. It is recognised that these communities have poorer health outcomes, a shorter life expectancy and difficulty in obtaining access to health care with mental health being of particular concern [147]. A five-year action plan called the Delivering Race Equality in Mental Health (DRE) was established in 2005 with the goal of reducing inequalities for BME communities particularly in relation to their experience of and interaction with mental health services [148]. A review of the DRE identified a significant increase in the commissioning of research in these communities. According to the DRE their research has “helped us to improve ethnic monitoring, identify good practice and provide better information to patients” [148]. The Research Governance Framework for Health and Social Care [149] outlines the overarching principles of good research governance. Specifically the framework applies to research applicable to health and social care (i.e., including research relating to public health, research undertaken by the Department of Health, clinical and non-clinical research, the National Health Service (NHS) and other research bodies within the health and social care systems). According to the Framework [149]: ‘Research, and those pursuing it, should respect the diversity of human society and conditions and the multicultural nature of society. Whenever relevant, it should take account of age, disability, gender, sexual orientation, race, culture and religion in its design, undertaking, and reporting. The body of research evidence available to policy makers should reflect the diversity of the population.’ The UK has a mental health minimum dataset (MHMDS) [150] that is an approved National Health Service information standard. It was designed to deliver comprehensive, nationally consistent and comparable person-based information on people in contact with specialist secondary mental health services. It covers services provided in hospitals, outpatient clinics and in the community. The minimum dataset includes indicators of patients’ ethnicity. According to the fifth NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care report [150] “Information on the ethnicity of people using services is now almost complete for people who spend time in hospital (97.4 per cent) and 89.5 per cent complete for people who did not spend time in hospital. This means that analysis by ethnic group is considered quite reliable”. A national census of the ethnicity of inpatients in NHS and independent mental health and learning disability services in England and Wales has been conducted since 2005. The fifth report showed that information about ethnicity was available for 98% of all patients [151]. United States of America In the United States of America the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are mandated by law to ensure the inclusion of minority groups in clinical research. The inclusion of these minority groups in clinical research must be in a manner that is appropriate to the scientific question under study [152]. Minorities must be included in all clinical research studies, particularly in Phase III clinical trials, and the trials must be designed to allow valid analysis. The law explicitly states that cost is not acceptable as a reason for exclusion of minority populations. Clinical research applications that fail to include minorities without providing a valid reason may be returned without review. Women and minorities may only be excluded if inclusion in a clinical research study is: inappropriate with respect to the health of the subjects; inappropriate with respect to the purpose of the research; inappropriate under such other circumstances as the Director of NIH may designate; or the guidelines may provide that inclusion in a trial is not required if there is substantial scientific data demonstrating that there is no significant difference between (a) the effects that the variables to be studied in the trial have on women or members of minority groups, respectively and (b) the effects that the variables have on the individuals who would serve as subjects in the trial in the event that such inclusion is not required [153]. Since 1994 NIH has continuously monitored aggregate inclusion data for study populations through a tracking system to ensure compliance with the inclusion policy. In 2002 NIH changed the format of data reporting from combined race and ethnicity format to collecting and reporting information on race and ethnicity separately [154]. This provided minimum standards for maintaining, collecting and reporting data on race and ethnicity. The consumer has the right to have services subjected to quality assurance to identify inadequacies and to ensure standards are met[1]. Improvement of national data collections… will be critical to the design and refinement of services and supports, and to the identification of service gaps[155]. There are many positive statements of policy intent in relation to immigrant and refugee communities in national mental health policies and strategies - in the Statement of Rights and Responsibilities, in the National Mental Health Standards, in multiple State and Territory policies and mental health plans, and recently in the COAG Roadmap for National Mental Health Reform. However, there is virtually no reporting by Commonwealth or State and Territory governments concerning implementation of policy intent in relation to immigrant and refugee communities or evaluation of implementation. It is not possible to determine whether there has been any improvement in immigrant and refugee community mental health, access to mental health services or outcomes of contact with mental health services. Investigator-initiated research on mental health of immigrant and refugee communities has yielded important insights into the mental health of particular immigrant and refugee communities, determinants of mental health and illness and patterns of use of mental health services. However this research is limited and does not provide a coherent account of the mental health of Australia’s CALD population. Nor does it answer critically important policy- and practice-relevant questions. An issue of particular importance in relation to CALD communities is the lack of systematic investigation and understanding of the perspectives and beliefs of families and carers concerning mental health and illness and mental health services, and the experience of members of CLD communities who come into contact with mental health services. The most striking observation is the wide variation in findings across different immigrant and refugee communities. This variation represents a valuable and unrealised opportunity to systematically study population risk and protective factors for mental health and illness that would be of enormous theoretical and practical importance for the whole Australian population. The majority of Australian mental health research does not adequately include immigrant and refugee samples. The number of studies that have specifically included adequate representative samples of immigrant and refugee populations or that have explicitly investigated multicultural mental health issues is very small. What we increasingly know about the mental health of the Australian-born population we do not know about immigrant and refugee communities. The available evidence suggests that in, Australia, adult immigrants appear to have lower prevalence of mental illness than do the Australian-born. There is generally no difference reported in prevalence of mental disorders between immigrant and Australian-born children. It is not clear whether there is in fact a lower prevalence of mental disorders in immigrant and refugee communities or whether this conclusion is an artefact of the research methods used. Conclusions about the average prevalence of mental illness in overseas-born Australians may well be accurate, but the available data allows no conclusions to be drawn about prevalence in even the largest immigrant communities. The exclusion of immigrant and refugee participants, particularly non-English speaking persons, from national surveys and from individual epidemiological research projects does not allow any confident statement about prevalence of mental disorders in specific immigrant and refugee communities. Factors contributing to increased risk of mental health problems in CALD populations include low proficiency in English, separate cultural identity, loss of close family bond, stresses of migration and adjustment to the new country, limited knowledge of the health system, trauma exposure before migration, and limited opportunity to appropriately use occupational skills. Factors that appear to be protective of mental health include religion, strong social support and better English proficiency. Studies that provide information about determinants have not been systematically examined to draw reliable conclusions concerning risk and protective factors for mental health and illness or about patterns of mental health service use. Suicide rates in CALD populations generally reflect the rates in the country of birth. Suicidal behaviours in immigrants are associated with the problematic living experiences in the host country and in the country of origin. Strong family bonds, religion and traditional values were associated with lower suicide risk. The wide variations in suicide rates across immigrant and refugee communities represents a valuable and unrealised opportunity to systematically study population risk and protective factors that may find wide application in the development of more effective suicide prevention strategies for the Australian population. Refugees and asylum seekers are at greater risk of developing mental health problems and suicidal behaviours than is the general Australian population. Prolonged detention has been found to be associated with poorer mental health in refugees and asylum seekers, particularly among children. Other factors influencing mental health of refugees and asylum seekers include experience of human rights violations, exposure to violence and threats, on-going temporary protection visas and experience of pre-migration trauma. Generally, immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers have lower rates of mental health service utilisation than the Australian-born

[ 369, 5196, 15, 380, 4342, 2692, 326, 253, 4294, 273, 18745, 342, 2834, 1363, 14962, 2905, 281, 2553, 8534, 15, 3545, 6991, 26921, 1329, 313, 24413, 10, 14962, 2905, 281, 3676, 8534, 285, 18123, 281, 2553, 8534, 15, 380, 1543, 671, 2692, 326, 2553, 8534, 2905, 18123, 13, 285, 3676, 8534, 2905, 14962, 13, 281, 2628, 13212, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 6355, 342, 2834, 1363, 2905, 14962, 281, 8991, 29775, 13, 285, 18123, 281, 2628, 13212, 15, 3545, 6991, 26921, 1329, 2905, 18123, 281, 8991, 29775, 285, 14962, 281, 2628, 13212, 15, 380, 1543, 1804, 326, 2628, 11684, 13, 5300, 285, 8991, 18213, 476, 3283, 16675, 8, 973, 14, 11952, 15, 380, 1543, 273, 253, 1246, 1263, 5224, 326, 16675, 8, 973, 14, 11952, 476, 320, 8131, 407, 2628, 11684, 13, 5300, 285, 8991, 18213, 15, 1707, 310, 247, 878, 281, 2953, 26921, 1329, 285, 3733, 24040, 281, 7278, 2628, 13212, 285, 4796, 8991, 29775, 2190, 16675, 15, 60, 24053, 327, 253, 5997, 285, 2495, 2616, 327, 5765, 15973, 285, 6654, 9360, 275, 12643, 13988, 1363, 1570, 187, 1992, 2096, 253, 2710, 2616, 8479, 5765, 15973, 285, 6654, 9360, 275, 253, 13988, 15, 12643, 13988, 1363, 313, 2961, 4503, 390, 5662, 685, 3925, 1107, 273, 2363, 10, 342, 5765, 15973, 390, 6654, 9360, 497, 39599, 5867, 949, 3382, 5917, 13, 9797, 14, 5410, 27186, 1159, 5216, 13, 1594, 14, 1402, 13, 7403, 11017, 390, 14478, 275, 17349, 17073, 14845, 13, 3998, 285, 6703, 13628, 13, 24223, 3756, 13, 21427, 29379, 513, 26005, 313, 53, 3717, 10, 390, 5212, 12549, 36398, 313, 46, 5214, 10, 275, 2614, 12671, 327, 1481, 285, 7623, 15, 4683, 12643, 1363, 13, 5571, 313, 1508, 2673, 273, 731, 9606, 591, 532, 617, 267, 20229, 27186, 9360, 1223, 3285, 313, 3680, 2673, 1907, 16562, 5765, 15973, 390, 45639, 1255, 13, 6108, 655, 2219, 313, 1036, 2673, 347, 440, 39651, 15, 1198, 13988, 1363, 13, 5765, 15973, 285, 6654, 9360, 497, 7744, 4269, 407, 1142, 9351, 273, 10844, 285, 16562, 20229, 27186, 18977, 557, 20619, 1223, 253, 5164, 14855, 273, 20229, 27186, 15384, 285, 2718, 5876, 407, 253, 13424, 1232, 273, 43900, 285, 1027, 345, 25756, 386, 6578, 347, 973, 347, 6938, 13, 4369, 7736, 2616, 943, 671, 320, 2783, 15, 21772, 1546, 31640, 187, 187, 17895, 461, 1255, 310, 253, 3745, 273, 247, 2605, 281, 32385, 3394, 751, 3289, 13, 42554, 13, 3486, 390, 253, 9099, 273, 1966, 2228, 13, 1293, 1146, 13572, 281, 271, 6070, 50196, 281, 253, 3236, 2847, 428, 347, 2931, 275, 16449, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 273, 253, 8874, 37115, 47483, 14029, 3211, 15, 187, 187, 34, 2605, 4158, 285, 8818, 281, 320, 10237, 943, 417, 11089, 432, 50196, 13551, 313, 856, 11020, 13551, 10, 762, 31120, 10935, 15, 11103, 723, 273, 690, 9351, 13, 3340, 50276, 16374, 14, 19720, 2718, 285, 3509, 505, 11859, 9195, 13, 403, 30839, 1523, 625, 16931, 281, 13551, 28, 2571, 13, 824, 347, 275, 5999, 5248, 11859, 5289, 13, 403, 30839, 1523, 1679, 16931, 15, 380, 1332, 7091, 275, 2403, 247, 2605, 10237, 588, 5431, 3469, 327, 285, 320, 27846, 281, 253, 2238, 273, 2605, 352, 310, 13, 347, 275, 10194, 29318, 3652, 8350, 31640, 310, 5431, 6786, 949, 20420, 20462, 253, 985, 273, 10291, 875, 253, 3665, 434, 26290, 15, 187, 187, 23045, 15711, 187, 11831, 5795, 5593, 403, 908, 13, 4536, 26277, 13, 281, 5115, 8350, 31640, 285, 4796, 253, 2495, 273, 50196, 13551, 15, 187, 6872, 403, 27, 2490, 4410, 32578, 253, 6387, 273, 12340, 273, 31120, 10935, 15, 187, 46915, 272, 253, 18634, 273, 247, 1896, 3302, 4433, 285, 3629, 39296, 15, 6758, 3797, 253, 11686, 1332, 285, 253, 5795, 3301, 1854, 1332, 15, 187, 11405, 272, 253, 2605, 281, 32385, 31120, 10935, 15, 13168, 6289, 281, 347, 2173, 3301, 5052, 1332, 15, 187, 187, 17895, 461, 1255, 6095, 275, 14029, 30968, 187, 510, 6095, 323, 5289, 275, 9936, 5971, 374, 285, 495, 476, 320, 1119, 275, 16449, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 14029, 3211, 337, 428, 47483, 327, 5289, 428, 3512, 337, 14, 24, 27, 4214, 5231, 428, 8874, 37115, 5231, 15, 14117, 6095, 285, 6095, 323, 5289, 275, 9936, 966, 337, 476, 320, 1119, 275, 253, 2144, 2173, 14029, 3211, 4243, 13, 16449, 9748, 323, 11859, 5289, 13, 16449, 9725, 323, 10194, 5289, 285, 594, 327, 15, 187, 187, 688, 16449, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 9195, 403, 13213, 1701, 275, 9099, 5971, 13, 7296, 253, 3652, 1511, 13, 35190, 285, 1979, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 21934, 966, 337, 13, 1698, 9099, 273, 4433, 27, 187, 21822, 35190, 9910, 417, 27433, 577, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 8903, 695, 10222, 9195, 15, 187, 10987, 723, 715, 534, 952, 11766, 564, 13, 2530, 642, 629, 273, 253, 3652, 310, 8003, 281, 1529, 3652, 13, 390, 2170, 835, 952, 513, 564, 13, 685, 247, 4181, 273, 337, 15, 22, 2069, 253, 3652, 4898, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 21934, 966, 374, 66, 13, 2406, 2495, 1387, 428, 4646, 9099, 273, 4433, 27, 209, 187, 22, 4657, 90, 2014, 35190, 9910, 15, 187, 24757, 1241, 417, 27433, 577, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 6623, 1832, 13, 28573, 285, 643, 16252, 9195, 417, 27433, 577, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 8997, 1271, 417, 27433, 577, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 47219, 3760, 9195, 417, 27433, 495, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 9795, 647, 18702, 417, 27433, 495, 4657, 656, 273, 1679, 685, 9098, 278, 15818, 5254, 2170, 275, 1016, 4657, 90, 15, 187, 21822, 4657, 90, 11331, 9195, 15, 187, 3074, 9195, 417, 27433, 767, 4657, 656, 281, 534, 253, 1345, 403, 8176, 285, 534, 3831, 5254, 3672, 417, 27433, 5307, 278, 15818, 387, 1016, 4657, 90, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 21934, 966, 374, 67, 13, 5170, 2495, 1387, 428, 4646, 9099, 273, 4433, 27, 209, 187, 24757, 1241, 13, 47350, 13, 28573, 285, 643, 16252, 9195, 3687, 685, 577, 4657, 656, 533, 417, 27433, 1458, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 25735, 1050, 9195, 3687, 685, 2014, 4657, 90, 533, 417, 27433, 1458, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 9795, 647, 18702, 3687, 685, 495, 4657, 656, 533, 417, 27433, 1458, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 41, 10472, 932, 417, 27433, 495, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 8997, 1271, 3687, 685, 577, 4657, 656, 533, 417, 27433, 1458, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 3074, 9195, 281, 534, 253, 1345, 403, 8176, 285, 534, 3831, 5254, 3672, 27433, 5307, 278, 15818, 533, 417, 27433, 29067, 278, 15818, 387, 1016, 4657, 90, 15, 187, 10697, 12102, 417, 27433, 721, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 21934, 966, 495, 13, 1029, 9099, 273, 4433, 27, 187, 3074, 9195, 2931, 1840, 347, 6550, 374, 20672, 285, 24120, 1716, 45997, 6550, 326, 8268, 253, 7787, 327, 2170, 285, 1180, 273, 4657, 656, 15, 187, 3074, 9195, 281, 534, 2758, 273, 253, 1345, 403, 8176, 275, 1534, 3904, 15, 187, 998, 324, 571, 49625, 625, 685, 29067, 44173, 15, 187, 10987, 723, 4508, 30561, 15991, 285, 1227, 390, 4870, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 9195, 6034, 323, 625, 685, 581, 1511, 273, 897, 13, 253, 9099, 966, 943, 320, 326, 273, 253, 954, 327, 254, 528, 1511, 15, 187, 187, 10987, 723, 275, 9936, 966, 337, 943, 320, 4158, 285, 8818, 275, 8956, 342, 16449, 7901, 428, 7544, 323, 14127, 7882, 275, 2622, 897, 13, 642, 2173, 8180, 313, 17354, 407, 16449, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 10, 310, 3309, 342, 2743, 281, 31120, 5231, 432, 39255, 5997, 15, 187, 187, 10987, 723, 275, 9936, 966, 374, 66, 313, 249, 1635, 281, 752, 310, 8521, 323, 9936, 966, 337, 10, 943, 320, 2530, 342, 3576, 11593, 16027, 13, 390, 3576, 11886, 4423, 273, 14116, 23467, 281, 8099, 15, 187, 187, 10987, 723, 275, 9936, 966, 374, 67, 313, 249, 1635, 281, 752, 310, 8521, 323, 9936, 966, 337, 285, 374, 66, 10, 943, 320, 2530, 342, 3576, 9118, 16027, 275, 512, 8109, 9930, 285, 8099, 13, 390, 31506, 253, 3652, 943, 320, 10141, 281, 5416, 326, 2220, 253, 417, 1593, 8570, 273, 1016, 8109, 5084, 285, 1016, 8325, 8109, 247, 5084, 13, 390, 667, 25662, 2593, 273, 3301, 14, 26201, 3402, 313, 531, 387, 247, 673, 275, 1016, 4657, 90, 273, 253, 3652, 10, 253, 3652, 4558, 6474, 285, 253, 1980, 4723, 1057, 417, 8268, 247, 2176, 2701, 15, 7900, 253, 8570, 273, 824, 9930, 285, 7118, 273, 8099, 651, 906, 275, 271, 6070, 273, 4723, 275, 6714, 273, 253, 5821, 2701, 13, 824, 3603, 943, 320, 4158, 347, 247, 2234, 3284, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 9195, 275, 9936, 966, 495, 247, 12082, 2495, 6803, 273, 253, 3652, 3192, 715, 2395, 1097, 44671, 285, 440, 922, 2887, 494, 29952, 13, 310, 2424, 15, 187, 187, 5035, 671, 187, 7992, 4190, 32784, 323, 26253, 980, 187, 2765, 273, 8350, 20101, 285, 3007, 23508, 187, 42353, 266, 11149, 187, 21772, 1546, 4433, 187, 187, 4941, 187, 187, 7504, 4859, 209, 187, 1400, 10226, 14, 18, 14, 24, 14029, 3211, 337, 428, 47483, 327, 5289, 428, 3512, 337, 14, 24, 27, 4214, 5231, 428, 8874, 37115, 5231, 187, 4061, 42, 367, 30072, 46553, 6625, 461, 1255, 273, 19727, 1879, 3163, 11103, 723, 187, 49, 26080, 7102, 281, 8350, 31640, 285, 50196, 13551, 275, 9195, 187, 23045, 273, 3509, 505, 11859, 5289, 342, 2743, 281, 31120, 10935, 7854, 15, 25689, 10049, 329, 13692, 187, 2347, 281, 2216, 11859, 9195, 281, 10517, 50196, 13551, 6095, 473, 11989, 254, 8728, 1251, 13, 7956, 1251, 13, 353, 8875, 13, 16432, 21772, 38, 187, 11688, 1373, 330, 1003, 7115, 46553, 17712, 414, 37880, 942, 323, 1716, 6713, 11103, 723, 187, 18658, 273, 5213, 2561, 327, 8350, 31640, 285, 50196, 13551, 187, 21772, 1546, 14, 52, 33816, 3690, 24993, 839, 6246, 17790, 285, 10011, 17790, 187, 187, 1413, 27, 21772, 1546, 11369, 187, 1413, 27, 52, 33816, 11369, 187, 1413, 27, 21772, 1546, 10194, 187, 1413, 27, 1773, 6713, 187, 1413, 27, 688, 10181, 187, 1413, 27, 43619, 11369, 20768, 1752, 8922, 273, 271, 9554, 14, 4924, 5802, 10191, 39490, 8424, 894, 1386, 313, 46, 3016, 42, 74, 5523, 14, 34, 10, 432, 385, 10631, 4215, 10919, 13923, 1341, 15, 187, 22705, 5802, 10191, 39490, 8424, 1341, 313, 74, 45684, 10, 497, 4561, 432, 385, 10631, 4215, 10919, 13923, 1341, 7011, 432, 247, 16327, 3410, 273, 247, 4562, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 5875, 3416, 15, 10643, 262, 7927, 1341, 497, 7943, 323, 253, 2048, 273, 444, 14, 35736, 285, 294, 14996, 1314, 970, 1327, 14, 13897, 839, 23934, 2284, 9907, 11390, 15, 380, 16327, 14, 13472, 891, 37612, 1386, 313, 19417, 456, 347, 46305, 42, 74, 5523, 14, 34, 10, 369, 465, 552, 6042, 1037, 2622, 13, 4469, 10191, 39490, 9588, 13, 22266, 715, 1341, 273, 1264, 24022, 14638, 8090, 13, 285, 2692, 642, 9907, 285, 48376, 12091, 387, 10056, 3285, 15, 3824, 7241, 6131, 247, 1327, 14, 26681, 285, 5919, 2746, 323, 891, 37612, 5978, 432, 1363, 342, 6380, 390, 9288, 9360, 15, 14277, 5581, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 5552, 9182, 6550, 323, 19415, 29559, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 35152, 9110, 74, 30579, 2101, 15, 1182, 258, 15, 80, 187, 475, 1214, 21997, 9110, 74, 30579, 5259, 4637, 495, 15, 17, 313, 17130, 16, 17736, 1400, 15, 10134, 390, 2568, 338, 48040, 15, 681, 10, 187, 475, 1214, 7582, 5602, 47688, 659, 2083, 293, 654, 78, 15, 296, 2083, 293, 33, 28948, 338, 48040, 15, 681, 31, 187, 475, 1214, 7582, 353, 26548, 91, 17145, 91, 317, 32786, 15767, 654, 78, 15, 21529, 91, 317, 32786, 15767, 33, 28948, 338, 48040, 15, 681, 31, 187, 1738, 187, 2437, 29559, 64, 26423, 64, 2765, 64, 3145, 8725, 29559, 64, 55, 85, 8047, 64, 2765, 64, 3145, 187, 92, 187, 186, 4387, 1159, 638, 12919, 9, 2946, 61, 6825, 370, 9629, 13, 370, 8412, 426, 2032, 10, 187, 186, 92, 996, 186, 5, 1374, 254, 426, 370, 2520, 1168, 788, 3145, 254, 3914, 9629, 558, 996, 186, 5, 1374, 254, 1168, 28704, 2073, 35316, 1703, 64, 27660, 64, 18129, 7858, 1383, 29559, 64, 26423, 64, 13570, 64, 7104, 1450, 788, 40015, 4120, 2651, 6020, 996, 186, 5598, 1450, 3456, 12919, 3914, 9629, 13, 370, 8412, 558, 187, 186, 94, 187, 94, 187, 24080, 39131, 10629, 1278, 187, 187, 24080, 39131, 10629, 1278, 187, 187, 46, 706, 18762, 187, 187, 32100, 16155, 12743, 187, 187, 24080, 39131, 10629, 1278, 310, 401, 10117, 285, 9060, 16155, 12743, 273, 28680, 18762, 13 ]

was conducted. The findings showed that the frequency of interacting with difficult patients positively related to surface acting. Perceived organizational support (POS) positively related to deep acting and negatively to surface acting. The results also showed that surface acting related negatively, and deep acting related positively, to job satisfaction. The frequency of interactions with difficult patients related positively to emotional exhaustion, and negatively to job satisfaction. Perceived organizational support related negatively to emotional exhaustion and positively to job satisfaction. The results suggest that job demands, resources and emotional labour can predict nurses' well-being. The results of the present study indicate that nurses' well-being can be predicted by job demands, resources and emotional labour. There is a need to address organizational support and training programmes to enhance job satisfaction and reduce emotional exhaustion among nurses.[Study on the causes and risk factors on vertigo and balance disorders in 118 elderly patients]. To understand the various factors causing vertigo and balance disorders in the elderly. 118 elderly patients (aged equal or older than 60 years of age) with vertigo or balance disorders were retrospectively analyzed through clinical symptoms, audio-vestibular function tests, X-ray, CT scan or MRI in cervical vertebras, brain and inner ears, ultrasonography, transcranial doppler (TCD) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in blood vessels on head and neck. Of 118 patients, 70 (23%) of them suffered perip heral vestibular disorders while 29 (58%) having cerebral vertigo or dizzness, leaving 19 cases (16%) as unclassified. For elderly patients, vertigo and balance disorders were commonly caused by many kinds of peripheral and cerebral vestibular pathological disfunctions while the functional weakness of vestibular organs and systems affected by the physiological process of ageing and different concommitant diseases as well as environmental, psychogenic factors should also be considered.Structural robustness Robustness is the ability of a structure to withstand events like fire, explosions, impact or the consequences of human error, without being damaged to an extent disproportionate to the original cause - as defined in EN 1991-1-7 of the Accidental Actions Eurocode. A structure designed and constructed to be robust should not suffer from disproportionate collapse (progressive collapse) under accidental loading. Buildings of some kinds, especially large-panel systems and precast concrete buildings, are disproportionately more susceptible to collapse; others, such as in situ cast concrete structures, are disproportionately less susceptible. The method employed in making a structure robust will typically depend on and be tailored to the kind of structure it is, as in steel framed building structural robustness is typically achieved through appropriately designing the system of connections between the frame's constituents. Design considerations Three alternative measures are used, sometimes jointly, to achieve structural robustness and reduce the risk of disproportionate collapse. These are: Reducing the possibility of occurrence of accidental loading. Preventing the propagation of a possible initial failure and increasing redundancy. Which includes the indirect method and the alternative load path method. Designing the structure to withstand accidental loading. Sometimes referred to as specific load resistance method. Robustness requirements in Eurocodes The requirements for structures in consequence classes 2 and 3 can be found in EN 1991-1-7 Eurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 1-7: General actions - Accidental actions. Additional requirements and requirements for structures in consequence class 1 can be found in the material specific Eurocode parts, EN 1992 for concrete structures, EN 1993 for steel structures and so on. In EN 1991-1-7 buildings are categorised in consequences classes, considering the building type, occupancy and size. Consequence class 1, low consequences of failure: Single occupancy houses not exceeding 4 storeys. Agricultural buildings. Buildings into which people rarely go, provided no part of the building is closer to another building, or area where people do go, than a distance of 1.5 times the building height. Consequence class 2a, lower risk group - medium consequences of failure: 5 storey single occupancy houses. Hotels not exceeding 4 storeys. Flats, apartments and other residential buildings not exceeding 4 storeys. Offices not exceeding 4 storeys. Industrial buildings not exceeding 3 storeys. Retail premises not exceeding 3 storeys of less than 1000 m² floor area in each storey. Single storey educational buildings. All buildings not exceeding two storeys to which the public are admitted and which contain floor areas not exceeding 2000 m² at each storey. Consequence class 2b, upper risk group - medium consequences of failure: Hotels, flats, apartments and other residential buildings greater than 4 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys. Educational buildings greater than single storey but not exceeding 15 storeys. Retail premises greater than 3 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys. Hospitals not exceeding 3 storeys. Offices greater than 4 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys. All buildings to which the public are admitted and which contain floor areas exceeding 2000 m² but not exceeding 5000 m² at each storey. Car parking not exceeding 6 storeys. Consequence class 3, high consequences of failure: All buildings defined above as Class 2 Lower and Upper Consequences Class that exceed the limits on area and number of storeys. All buildings to which members of the public are admitted in significant numbers. Stadia accommodating more than 5000 spectators. Buildings containing hazardous substances and / or processes. For buildings intended for more than one type of use, the consequences class should be that of the most onerous type. Buildings in consequence class 1 should be designed and constructed in accordance with EN 1990 - 1999 for satisfying stability in normal use, no specific consideration (required by EN 1991-1-7) is necessary with regard to accidental actions from unidentified causes. Buildings in consequence class 2a (in addition to what is recommended for consequence class 1) should be provided with effective horizontal ties, or effective anchorage of suspended floors to walls. Buildings in consequence class 2b (in addition to what is recommended for consequence class 1 and 2a) should be provided with effective vertical ties in all supporting columns and walls, or alternatively the building should be checked to ensure that upon the notional removal of each supporting column and each beam supporting a column, or any nominal section of load-bearing wall (one at a time in each storey of the building) the building remains stable and the local damage does not exceed a certain limit. Where the removal of such columns and sections of walls would result in an extent of damage in excess of the agreed limit, such elements should be designed as a key element. For buildings in consequence class 3 a systematic risk assessment of the building taking into account both foreseeable and unforeseeable hazards, is required. See also Extreme Loading for Structures List of structural failures and collapses Ronan Point Structural failure References External links EN 1991-1-7 Eurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 1-7: General actions - Accidental actions SCI P391 Structural Robustness of Steel Framed Buildings Practical guide to structural robustness and disproportionate collapse in buildings Design of precast concrete structures with regard to accidental loading Ir. Arnold Van Acker How to design concrete buildings to satisfy disproportionate collapse requirements O Brooker BEng, CEng, MICE, MIStructE Portland Cement Association Structural Integrity Requirements for Concrete Buildings Review of international research on structural robustness and disproportionate collapse Structural-Safety Incorporating CROSS and SCOSS Category:Structural engineering Category:Safety engineering Category:Structural steel Category:Concrete Category:Infrastructure Category:Civil engineeringEstablishment of an integration-free induced pluripotent stem cell line (MUSIi005-A) from exfoliated renal epithelial cells. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from exfoliated renal epithelial cells isolated from a urine sample of a 31-year-old healthy woman. Epithelial cells were characterized for the expression of E-cadherin and reprogrammed using non-integrating Sendai viral vectors. The urine-derived iPSC line (designated as MUSIi005-A) was karyotypically normal, expressed pluripotent markers, differentiated into cells of three embryonic germ layers, and showed no viral and transgene expressions at passage 29. Our protocol offers a non-invasive and efficient approach for iPSC generation from patients with genetic or acquired disorders.<?php /** * List View Class for PDF Settings. * * @copyright YetiForce Sp. z o.o * @license YetiForce Public License 3.0 (licenses/LicenseEN.txt or yetiforce.com) * @author Maciej Stencel <[email protected]> * @author Mariusz Krzaczkowski <[email protected]> */ class Settings_PDF_List_View extends Settings_Vtiger_List_View { public function preProcess(App\Request $request, $display = true) { $viewer = $this->getViewer($request); $viewer->assign('SUPPORTED_MODULE_MODELS', Settings_PDF_Module_Model::getSupportedModules()); parent::preProcess($request, $display); } } Thomas Gottschalk Thomas Gottschalk Mobisol Chief Executive Officer Thomas Gottschalk is Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Mobisol,

[ 534, 476, 2118, 36128, 875, 10741, 1341, 1690, 1027, 10741, 3417, 15, 831, 310, 3164, 253, 1854, 3560, 407, 1142, 18242, 16202, 3608, 824, 347, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 14, 881, 8361, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 313, 14541, 275, 29530, 275, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 17931, 534, 369, 3164, 9119, 19944, 407, 247, 811, 993, 251, 432, 697, 3236, 4328, 275, 253, 15406, 273, 253, 16356, 9574, 475, 44381, 7352, 332, 66, 11, 1254, 1311, 3680, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 5864, 273, 5052, 3608, 281, 841, 6109, 5289, 812, 2826, 949, 475, 1830, 11, 84, 313, 284, 5544, 3786, 558, 436, 556, 644, 46483, 347, 253, 6510, 273, 1142, 353, 7538, 15, 20564, 13, 29530, 390, 815, 1131, 778, 671, 19837, 275, 253, 10741, 15406, 275, 253, 21520, 273, 5052, 3608, 285, 840, 31551, 907, 253, 5052, 3608, 347, 841, 5289, 2507, 885, 432, 25112, 1254, 1311, 2417, 1656, 187, 187, 6080, 273, 841, 3320, 12485, 403, 9129, 285, 597, 452, 644, 32126, 3608, 326, 32039, 9574, 342, 1027, 15277, 1690, 6055, 432, 19632, 7006, 15, 3808, 273, 731, 452, 3663, 954, 273, 253, 6380, 1491, 26179, 1643, 353, 7538, 3608, 824, 347, 811, 993, 1169, 13, 2899, 1169, 390, 3608, 3206, 275, 39778, 313, 39471, 10217, 10, 1254, 1311, 2417, 1656, 380, 6667, 273, 841, 9129, 13498, 403, 2899, 790, 534, 452, 2899, 1169, 6012, 432, 815, 1131, 1254, 1311, 2417, 1184, 285, 12993, 800, 2899, 800, 3603, 824, 347, 253, 331, 25570, 34799, 36192, 11, 78, 886, 11, 534, 4428, 3608, 6941, 39778, 313, 22202, 281, 29530, 10, 1254, 1311, 3046, 1656, 9157, 13, 12993, 267, 18242, 9554, 313, 1248, 273, 388, 925, 10, 285, 815, 1131, 313, 16691, 1025, 28942, 10, 812, 8591, 253, 3700, 273, 1781, 7118, 273, 10741, 9128, 1690, 5052, 3608, 10, 1254, 1311, 1549, 1092, 1008, 1311, 3832, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 18820, 5438, 310, 5506, 323, 1781, 3904, 273, 9574, 342, 18820, 5052, 3608, 28, 253, 5019, 273, 247, 1781, 1180, 273, 5052, 3608, 285, 17415, 3753, 273, 10741, 25112, 10513, 253, 7445, 10076, 323, 5019, 273, 3608, 15, 34567, 12381, 5438, 588, 4833, 1046, 2014, 6380, 2362, 313, 250, 17890, 1515, 13, 35845, 13, 39778, 13, 9554, 10, 6941, 253, 5788, 273, 9574, 342, 7445, 5052, 3320, 2048, 28, 760, 2544, 326, 403, 14282, 313, 8656, 5373, 285, 1698, 2105, 10, 588, 30950, 13, 253, 1551, 273, 731, 588, 15529, 390, 597, 588, 5947, 3699, 387, 36568, 494, 2308, 15, 380, 353, 7538, 84, 5189, 407, 253, 1655, 3320, 5481, 1783, 13, 1690, 1313, 6533, 4986, 1783, 13, 2723, 281, 253, 9092, 273, 253, 6749, 4978, 13, 347, 597, 1957, 253, 954, 5547, 3320, 12485, 15, 380, 625, 359, 897, 18042, 13, 253, 625, 5919, 353, 7538, 84, 588, 23554, 15, 187, 187, 4118, 34567, 12381, 5052, 275, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 11, 1712, 4538, 740, 94, 187, 187, 1835, 35624, 281, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 18042, 1712, 21284, 18, 94, 187, 187, 2632, 3119, 281, 9840, 14, 33316, 1317, 275, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 11, 310, 7194, 35716, 407, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 15, 2053, 12807, 275, 36915, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 18042, 407, 29112, 15, 32913, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 403, 7744, 10509, 2556, 281, 767, 2718, 27, 253, 3052, 30464, 5787, 9162, 285, 253, 11301, 283, 26106, 33664, 283, 10818, 27116, 2921, 5164, 9162, 1254, 1311, 3763, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 3052, 30464, 6974, 966, 7790, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 715, 1740, 5971, 2556, 281, 253, 2601, 23117, 273, 12807, 15, 32913, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 273, 966, 329, 13, 330, 13, 285, 399, 403, 34248, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 285, 966, 378, 12807, 403, 11937, 80, 14, 2461, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 1254, 1311, 3571, 1656, 380, 11301, 283, 26106, 33664, 283, 10818, 27116, 2921, 5164, 6974, 310, 1754, 327, 5164, 3607, 273, 12807, 285, 327, 616, 3745, 281, 20399, 2721, 2173, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 5971, 1254, 1311, 1540, 1656, 831, 9162, 369, 9300, 275, 4267, 1254, 1311, 2082, 1656, 380, 9300, 985, 3797, 1387, 337, 313, 2437, 330, 10, 48814, 29768, 249, 1169, 28, 1387, 374, 313, 19770, 329, 285, 399, 10, 3862, 14, 39862, 13, 10680, 14, 18305, 13, 6508, 14, 39862, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 285, 34248, 12344, 522, 43722, 1169, 28, 285, 1387, 495, 313, 2437, 378, 10, 11937, 80, 14, 2461, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 1254, 1311, 2082, 1656, 187, 187, 6998, 337, 12807, 403, 48814, 29768, 249, 1169, 15823, 281, 5787, 966, 330, 15, 1583, 403, 625, 3939, 327, 48814, 29768, 968, 685, 21957, 1190, 3878, 24664, 15, 733, 3797, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 15, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 403, 16747, 1774, 48814, 29768, 249, 1169, 7032, 273, 275, 19452, 839, 48814, 26834, 13, 260, 832, 1370, 15141, 13, 260, 832, 1004, 27609, 13, 954, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 285, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 10680, 14, 2461, 14, 33316, 312, 13553, 15, 329, 2503, 36, 14, 27049, 28916, 15396, 403, 14264, 281, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 11775, 5643, 251, 312, 13, 2626, 5978, 48814, 29768, 968, 1690, 260, 832, 302, 991, 553, 13, 2636, 649, 1370, 301, 553, 13, 2636, 649, 363, 991, 531, 285, 1014, 209, 797, 522, 43722, 672, 253, 9548, 310, 48994, 4469, 15, 3173, 532, 43722, 13, 4285, 5758, 358, 285, 277, 263, 532, 43722, 3464, 253, 954, 3939, 9840, 14, 33316, 1317, 1411, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1656, 187, 187, 27681, 453, 81, 553, 13, 247, 7002, 14, 14520, 48814, 29768, 249, 342, 16055, 6637, 2425, 2429, 281, 2636, 649, 363, 991, 531, 13, 310, 247, 4105, 3132, 1209, 273, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 15, 6676, 329, 2503, 36, 14, 28916, 16711, 403, 16931, 281, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 984, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 310, 15225, 20399, 4337, 407, 253, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 9548, 1254, 1311, 2251, 1656, 1723, 13, 253, 2554, 273, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 275, 12767, 10332, 4269, 407, 329, 2503, 36, 14, 28916, 16711, 310, 15620, 984, 273, 253, 19081, 15508, 1055, 15, 496, 7991, 2175, 2692, 247, 1029, 19081, 15508, 1055, 15, 1310, 247, 2233, 14, 8089, 14, 41832, 19081, 15508, 310, 908, 13, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 29120, 5459, 16821, 323, 690, 329, 2503, 36, 18014, 1254, 1311, 2358, 1656, 15022, 2175, 5183, 326, 2636, 453, 81, 553, 778, 320, 247, 5272, 4500, 323, 253, 1971, 273, 16529, 10332, 1955, 281, 329, 2503, 36, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 14, 28916, 16711, 672, 10599, 2603, 1453, 310, 6786, 1254, 1311, 2090, 1656, 187, 187, 6998, 374, 313, 19770, 329, 285, 399, 10, 1957, 253, 6253, 1387, 273, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 13, 352, 3797, 15459, 5993, 9603, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 11, 285, 12344, 522, 43722, 1169, 313, 2437, 329, 10, 285, 473, 39706, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 313, 2437, 399, 481, 187, 187, 1410, 5993, 403, 12807, 7032, 273, 20399, 8537, 285, 275, 19452, 839, 247, 4618, 5235, 273, 9840, 14, 33316, 1317, 13, 1690, 2626, 14, 14520, 48814, 29768, 968, 13, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 285, 11775, 5643, 251, 312, 1254, 1311, 1967, 7254, 1311, 3547, 1656, 5595, 15459, 5993, 84, 273, 3382, 1600, 403, 16202, 407, 3608, 4441, 327, 29530, 15, 2053, 29530, 778, 671, 4459, 3608, 9706, 5052, 281, 643, 2709, 2854, 5971, 1690, 32609, 19644, 4752, 1487, 285, 2938, 12892, 16573, 311, 2487, 1254, 1311, 3655, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 2022, 15459, 5993, 12807, 22435, 272, 18820, 5052, 403, 29021, 15770, 7840, 55, 15770, 285, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 15, 187, 187, 8430, 4373, 25307, 273, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 390, 3081, 5052, 6297, 778, 10546, 468, 253, 18820, 12510, 13, 954, 29021, 13, 7840, 55, 285, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 11640, 3464, 16931, 275, 7991, 281, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 16, 2461, 14, 33316, 312, 10680, 13553, 313, 5993, 5993, 42, 10, 824, 347, 717, 1004, 24664, 14, 498, 580, 335, 266, 366, 390, 12580, 468, 317, 18013, 14, 893, 91, 706, 514, 312, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 10307, 273, 13242, 5993, 42, 323, 12767, 4092, 15459, 5993, 10332, 310, 15620, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1656, 1198, 1650, 13, 253, 2572, 275, 12580, 468, 317, 18013, 16, 893, 91, 706, 514, 312, 29120, 84, 672, 10741, 19081, 3627, 3986, 884, 63, 24, 63, 17562, 9046, 5085, 16, 8316, 310, 8664, 13, 285, 778, 5224, 253, 3361, 273, 643, 6297, 273, 5052, 1254, 1311, 3655, 1656, 5488, 13, 275, 21038, 2853, 1363, 253, 47502, 3607, 273, 9840, 14, 33316, 1317, 403, 7321, 285, 841, 1363, 778, 452, 10021, 6973, 347, 247, 906, 273, 749, 14, 29776, 18820, 5445, 1254, 1311, 3566, 1656, 187, 187, 51, 684, 273, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 10332, 452, 2559, 1309, 253, 1390, 9976, 2429, 342, 4142, 273, 29021, 14, 285, 7840, 55, 14, 10332, 1254, 1311, 1976, 1656, 380, 12393, 273, 7403, 57, 14, 46, 14, 28916, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 11, 403, 1846, 275, 29797, 10497, 285, 11867, 21609, 4343, 313, 383, 18280, 4142, 273, 16356, 21614, 13, 19481, 1549, 285, 19481, 1229, 575, 5294, 2975, 582, 3103, 4288, 275, 841, 3672, 310, 247, 2495, 2803, 323, 11931, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1092, 1008, 1311, 3121, 1656, 2639, 5896, 4142, 275, 253, 3114, 403, 1024, 1840, 608, 283, 740, 575, 6, 275, 1142, 643, 23365, 3672, 1254, 1311, 3121, 1656, 187, 187, 510, 473, 39706, 14, 881, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 403, 594, 4907, 984, 273, 616, 3475, 317, 18013, 14, 8724, 314, 8537, 15277, 15, 473, 39706, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 452, 5052, 3710, 281, 253, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 533, 690, 3395, 2104, 281, 32039, 5052, 281, 48814, 29768, 968, 1254, 1311, 2357, 1092, 1008, 1311, 3141, 1656, 473, 39706, 14, 18, 285, 473, 39706, 14, 740, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 452, 760, 247, 6891, 20399, 3028, 6637, 15, 1723, 13, 643, 473, 39706, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 1690, 473, 39706, 14, 883, 13, 428, 1047, 13, 428, 1010, 13, 428, 1036, 13, 428, 1619, 13, 428, 2405, 13, 428, 1671, 285, 428, 1857, 32039, 5052, 281, 260, 832, 302, 991, 553, 13, 2636, 649, 1370, 301, 553, 285, 11775, 5643, 251, 312, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1656, 473, 39706, 14, 1508, 285, 473, 39706, 14, 2385, 403, 5971, 273, 12344, 522, 43722, 1169, 326, 5663, 281, 473, 39706, 14, 881, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 342, 12344, 522, 43722, 14, 8724, 314, 8537, 4712, 1254, 1311, 2787, 1092, 1008, 1311, 1438, 1656, 3900, 473, 39706, 14, 1508, 4620, 954, 7208, 275, 475, 34, 15, 18927, 25331, 2886, 2992, 473, 39706, 14, 2385, 12807, 452, 1024, 2489, 14414, 275, 253, 475, 15886, 13385, 74, 20448, 20064, 3340, 275, 3050, 2562, 250, 18313, 4343, 1254, 1311, 2787, 1656, 187, 187, 11, 44, 15, 36500, 11, 12344, 522, 43722, 1169, 313, 44, 30632, 10, 403, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 1169, 4197, 407, 22197, 14, 12373, 9574, 15, 1583, 14556, 20399, 339, 4331, 280, 408, 968, 13, 512, 48814, 29768, 968, 13, 1114, 706, 514, 1317, 13, 9840, 14, 33316, 312, 511, 11531, 13, 285, 1014, 12344, 522, 257, 3030, 15, 611, 30632, 403, 7552, 271, 9592, 1534, 1895, 11762, 1254, 1311, 3593, 1656, 380, 806, 18242, 14, 36034, 34248, 12344, 522, 43722, 511, 275, 253, 611, 5077, 9548, 2021, 369, 6888, 275, 253, 5106, 275, 8441, 285, 2361, 275, 6585, 1254, 1311, 2526, 1656, 611, 5077, 310, 253, 954, 1846, 12344, 522, 43722, 511, 275, 253, 1986, 2077, 285, 275, 690, 5284, 4343, 824, 347, 9972, 15, 1723, 13, 1027, 2390, 273, 12807, 31139, 12344, 522, 43722, 511, 3607, 452, 13082, 13, 285, 403, 17355, 11762, 15, 611, 5077, 14, 28916, 475, 44, 15, 36500, 11, 16753, 247, 4092, 4322, 275, 3382, 9534, 835, 5286, 273, 3576, 13974, 280, 18042, 310, 5667, 281, 3657, 7891, 1563, 5565, 66, 9512, 285, 10332, 275, 2984, 14881, 13382, 1701, 1363, 1690, 1963, 11286, 20841, 285, 1110, 342, 2923, 1254, 1311, 3593, 7254, 1311, 2691, 1656, 329, 2201, 4468, 310, 253, 21313, 273, 847, 382, 249, 14264, 611, 5077, 14, 10247, 475, 44, 36500, 11, 14470, 15, 831, 310, 273, 1798, 3382, 17200, 13, 347, 847, 382, 249, 310, 4390, 247, 2234, 4445, 273, 1971, 13553, 15, 380, 5438 ]

which can move horizontally between bacterial cells including different bacterial species. This is probably the path followed by many plasmid encoded genes such as CTX-M-type β-lactamase (found in plasmids in *Enterobacteriaceae*), which was probably mobilized by a transposon from its original location in the chromosome of the intestinal bacteria *Kluyvera* \[[@CR58]\]. The association of resistance genes to these mobile structures could occur through *IS*s (as explained previously); this has been postulated as the origin of many MGE. Alternatively, plasmids or phages may also integrate in the bacterial chromosome in the vicinity of resistance genes and then mobilize the resistance genes as these structures excise from chromosomes \[[@CR55]\]. Some of these gene associations are ancient and they have been dragging genes that confer bacteria with different abilities including protection from harmful compounds. Some of them have lost most of the genetic information retaining few MGE genes such as transposases, integrases or genes involved in conjugation (relaxosome) \[[@CR55]\]. The examples of these ancient platforms are integrons which have integrases derived from phages \[[@CR55]\] and conjugative integrative elements such as the staphylococcal SCC*mec* which contains genes allowing conjugation (similar to plasmids) \[[@CR59]\]. Additionally, conjugal plasmid integration (formation of Hfr) and phages (generalized transduction) could promote the transfer of large sections of bacterial genome including resistance genes) \[[@CR60], [@CR61]\]. The antibiotic selection is responsible for large numbers of bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes; the combination of a large number of resistance genes and recombinant nature of bacterial chromosomes creates the ideal scenario for combination of genes. Antibiotic selection will influence every single genetic event (recombination, excision, conjugation, integration) allowing the survival of bacteria with ideal resistance gene expression; only changes that are meaningful (high benefits and low cost) will prevail, the rest of them will disappear or they will circulate at undetectable levels. The MGEs detected by the current gene detection analysis, including metagenomic analysis, correspond to the tip of the iceberg, as they represent the most successful gene associations. The more we use antibiotics, the more efficient MGEs will evolve. ### Antibiotic resistance in *Enterobacteriaceae* {#Sec10} #### Resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics {#FPar1} Resistance to beta-lactams in *Enterobacteriaceae* is mainly conferred by beta-lactamases. These enzymes inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics by hydrolysis. Beta-lactamases are commonly classified according to two systems: the Ambler molecular classification and the Bush--Jacoby--Medeiros functional classification \[[@CR62]\]. The Ambler scheme classifies beta-lactamases into four classes according to the protein homology of enzymes. Beta-lactamases of class A, C, and D are serine beta-lactamase and class B enzymes are metallo-beta-lactamases \[[@CR63]\]. The Bush--Jacoby--Medeiros functional scheme is based on functional properties of enzymes and on their ability to hydrolyze specific beta-lactam classes \[[@CR64]\]. This classification was updated in 2010 \[[@CR65]\]. The updated system includes group 1 (class C) cephalosporinases; group 2 (classes A and D) broad-spectrum, inhibitor-resistant, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and serine carbapenemases; and group 3 (class B) metallo-beta-lactamases \[[@CR65]\]. Group 1 enzymes are cephalosporinases belonging to molecular class C. They are more active on cephalosporins than benzylpenicillin. It includes AmpC beta-lactamases. AmpC beta-lactamases are clinically important cephalosporinases capable of inactivating cephalotin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, most penicillins, and beta-lactamase inhibitor-beta-lactam combinations. AmpC-hyperproducing mutants are resistant to penicillins, aztreonam, third generation cephalosporins including cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and even ertapenem when the enzyme is massively expressed. Imipenem, meropenem and doripenem remain the most active beta-lactams against AmpC beta-lactamases \[[@CR66]\]. Cefepime, a fourth-generation cephalosporin with broader spectrum activity compared to ceftriaxone, is a poor inducer of AmpC beta-lactamase. Many AmpC-producing organisms are susceptible to cefepime because cefepime is poorly hydrolyzed by the AmpC beta-lactamase enzyme \[[@CR67]\]. However, the role of cefepime in treating infections caused by AmpC-producing organisms is controversial because of the inoculum effect. In vitro studies showed a high inoculum effect. If a 100-fold-higher inoculum is used, cefepime MIC increases dramatically for some AmpC producers \[[@CR68]\]. Clinical studies demonstrated that cefepime may be a reasonable option for the treatment of invasive infections due to AmpC beta-lactamase-producing organisms when adequate source control is achieved \[[@CR69]\]. Group 2 (classes A and D) represent the largest group of beta-lactamases, it includes ESBL producing *Enterobacteriaceae* and carbapenemases (class A) and OXA beta-lactamases (class D). ESBL are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing and inactivating a wide variety of beta-lactams, including third-generation cephalosporins, penicillins, and aztreonam \[[@CR70]--[@CR72]\]. Most ESBLs of clinical interest are encoded by genes located on plasmids. These plasmids may also carry genes encoding resistance to other multiple drug classes including aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones \[[@CR73]\]. The main ESBL enzymes imparting antibiotic resistance are TEM-, SHV-, and CTX-M. Although hyperproduction of beta-lactamases or additional resistance mechanisms may hamper the antibiotic effectiveness, most TEM, SHV and CTX-M variants remain susceptible in vitro to beta-lactam/beta-lactam inhibitor combinations (BLBLI) such as amoxicillin-clavulanate or piperacillin-tazobactam. However, the efficacy of BLBLI for treating serious ESBL infections is controversial \[[@CR66]\]. For example, the increase in piperacillin/tazobactam MICs when bacterial inocula reach 10^7^ colony forming units/mL is concerning, and may indicate the presence of other mechanisms of resistance \[[@CR73]\]. Furthermore, in critically ill patients the pharmacokinetic properties of beta-lactams are modified and these patients may have adverse outcomes as a result of sub-optimal antibiotic exposure \[[@CR74]\]. Rates of CTX-M infections have increased during the last decade compared with rates of TEM- and SHV- infections \[[@CR75]\]. The diffusion of CTX-M-producing *Enterobacteriaceae* are common in Southeast Asia and Eastern Mediterranean countries (estimated rates of intestinal carriage, \~60 and \~30 %, respectively), therefore travel in these areas is a risk factor for acquisition \[[@CR66], [@CR76]\]. Carriage rates in the community are now above 5--10 % in many other geographic areas \[[@CR76]\]. The OXA-type beta-lactamases are so named because of their oxacillin-hydrolyzing abilities. OXA beta-lactamases have resistance limited to the penicillins, but some became able to confer resistance to cephalosporins \[[@CR77], [@CR78]\]. OXA-1 and OXA-10 beta-lactamases have only a narrow hydrolytic spectrum. However, other OXA beta-lactamases including OXA-11, -14, -15, -16, -28, -31, -35 and -45 confer resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam \[[@CR66]\]. OXA-23 and OXA-48 are classes of carbapenemases that belong to OXA-type beta-lactamases with carbapenem-hydrolyzing activities \[[@CR79], [@CR80]\]. While OXA-23 appears most frequently in *A. baumannii*, OXA-48 enzymes have now become widespread in the *Enterobacteriaceae,* especially in Mediterreanean countries \[[@CR79]\]. *K. pneumoniae* carbapenemases (KPCs) are beta-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacteria. They efficiently hydrolyse penicillins, all cephalosporins, monobactams, beta-lactamase inhibitors, and even carbapenems. KPCs are becoming an increasingly significant problem worldwide \[[@CR81]\]. The first plasmid-encoded serine carbapenemase in the KPC enzyme family was discovered in the USA in 1996 and reported in 2001 \[[@CR66]\]. KPC is the most common carbapenemase in the United States and in some European countries such as Italy. However, different groups of enzymes possessing carbapenemase properties have emerged, and are spreading worldwide. KPC-producing *K. pneumoniae* pose a serious threat in clinical situations where administration of effective empiric antibiotics is essential to prevent mortality following bacteraemia and infections in immunocompromised patients including organ transplant recipients and those with cancer \[[@CR81]--[@CR86]\]. A major concern is the emergence of colistin resistant KPC-positive *K pneumoniae* isolates. This is of particular clinical relevance, as colistin is currently a key component of treatment combinations. The selection

[ 1527, 2170, 13, 4021, 4898, 20654, 16612, 275, 1016, 10230, 15469, 13, 285, 9043, 10475, 422, 1824, 13977, 3890, 247, 2257, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 762, 14, 27055, 8039, 2440, 35155, 3461, 684, 253, 3935, 28313, 1626, 476, 320, 12054, 33449, 285, 352, 1364, 320, 15, 3954, 4540, 5555, 253, 5962, 11118, 21779, 273, 37667, 6852, 2610, 2199, 15, 733, 23970, 247, 4451, 13, 46722, 26167, 33892, 4473, 534, 17860, 275, 27731, 4260, 14, 3659, 285, 2686, 4859, 253, 27731, 273, 253, 2570, 15, 15222, 436, 13, 352, 556, 1142, 16383, 39456, 824, 347, 1029, 14, 15507, 6478, 2392, 13, 8574, 36591, 16, 1120, 28973, 13, 10567, 12701, 39893, 13, 5202, 1302, 13, 23986, 2170, 13, 8913, 21118, 2317, 13, 8059, 2316, 13, 24340, 285, 17603, 16791, 9189, 15, 1244, 1053, 302, 7664, 841, 9076, 403, 3240, 18261, 285, 15087, 10230, 4751, 816, 7790, 616, 4376, 6809, 15, 41497, 5302, 4155, 28, 187, 5302, 4155, 15, 32293, 15, 25114, 28, 187, 187, 12361, 36540, 43453, 15, 43764, 15, 34337, 272, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 10638, 654, 8774, 31, 187, 50274, 10638, 2263, 1291, 684, 253, 3388, 12320, 19947, 7982, 187, 50274, 10638, 2033, 8774, 31, 187, 50274, 10638, 654, 881, 3575, 1416, 568, 53, 6750, 881, 3575, 31, 187, 50274, 4387, 18495, 966, 26056, 40675, 1297, 34337, 272, 27603, 29, 53, 31, 1163, 9812, 41988, 27603, 29, 53, 31, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 48719, 540, 278, 64, 76, 28, 187, 50270, 48719, 22272, 4531, 29, 53, 31, 278, 64, 1601, 12168, 84, 426, 747, 22272, 4531, 29, 53, 18257, 535, 50270, 10638, 654, 8774, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 308, 1582, 253, 1755, 465, 13650, 281, 1908, 187, 50270, 10638, 2033, 8774, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 654, 3575, 1416, 568, 76, 6750, 3575, 31, 187, 50270, 4387, 26056, 40675, 1297, 34337, 272, 27603, 9, 565, 465, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 76, 654, 337, 10, 551, 4710, 747, 37026, 5330, 1587, 76, 1364, 320, 387, 1878, 337, 3287, 748, 187, 50266, 78, 64, 76, 426, 465, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50270, 10638, 654, 8774, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 2263, 1291, 684, 253, 3388, 12320, 2228, 337, 428, 3388, 12320, 187, 50270, 10638, 2033, 8774, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 654, 3575, 1416, 568, 48413, 6750, 3575, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 654, 3575, 1416, 568, 12787, 11297, 6750, 3575, 31, 187, 50270, 10638, 654, 20974, 3073, 20974, 31, 187, 50270, 4387, 4021, 11759, 9, 53, 5456, 8571, 13, 308, 5456, 13650, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 2044, 2978, 426, 278, 64, 76, 28, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 12787, 11297, 15, 10830, 654, 2978, 10, 187, 50262, 3985, 426, 13650, 15, 10830, 28, 535, 50266, 78, 64, 1601, 12168, 84, 15, 25376, 1874, 187, 50266, 26966, 313, 2044, 2303, 275, 8571, 10, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 78, 64, 1601, 12168, 84, 15, 4717, 9, 7831, 558, 187, 50266, 94, 535, 50266, 2044, 4868, 426, 470, 15, 17, 28, 187, 50266, 2044, 12830, 426, 470, 15, 17, 28, 535, 50266, 1542, 313, 565, 891, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 2978, 28, 891, 9234, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 2044, 10554, 426, 13650, 60, 74, 2194, 187, 50262, 338, 9, 78, 64, 1601, 12168, 84, 15, 36693, 9, 12787, 2474, 10, 3857, 187, 50258, 2, 36693, 9, 12787, 11297, 13, 891, 13, 10554, 1228, 187, 50262, 92, 187, 50258, 73, 953, 7079, 337, 15, 17, 28, 187, 50258, 18891, 7079, 12830, 1227, 313, 74, 559, 337, 15, 17, 558, 187, 50262, 94, 187, 50266, 94, 535, 50266, 12237, 1054, 10830, 426, 8684, 15, 10292, 9, 48413, 15, 10830, 13, 278, 64, 76, 558, 535, 50266, 2309, 337, 15, 17, 428, 4868, 1227, 1054, 10830, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50270, 10975, 3267, 1550, 9, 53, 5456, 13650, 13, 540, 891, 13, 308, 10554, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 2044, 10554, 16641, 426, 3221, 28, 187, 50266, 1542, 313, 565, 480, 426, 470, 28, 480, 654, 891, 28, 480, 9234, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 338, 313, 12787, 11297, 60, 75, 1570, 16911, 9, 12787, 2474, 1228, 187, 50262, 92, 187, 50258, 12787, 2474, 16641, 426, 2032, 28, 187, 50262, 94, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50266, 2309, 10554, 16641, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 94, 187, 18681, 1080, 27, 12578, 10985, 598, 10885, 273, 18175, 10304, 187, 187, 18681, 15, 15657, 7902, 13, 416, 14, 48115, 904, 7260, 253, 12578, 310, 8805, 88, 11822, 521, 6031, 281, 755, 281, 253, 5004, 273, 11307, 326, 3569, 8492, 12208, 253, 37884, 457, 84, 3061, 281, 22472, 5034, 18175, 9662, 275, 697, 5839, 273, 617, 49285, 395, 1981, 273, 10509, 1491, 15, 187, 187, 32336, 310, 17905, 326, 253, 12578, 10313, 665, 369, 3212, 253, 1824, 272, 1066, 273, 840, 14, 39, 6159, 9966, 5490, 41101, 457, 84, 7482, 3908, 327, 253, 9662, 4579, 10304, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 344, 457, 84, 417, 2970, 667, 9172, 432, 253, 37884, 13, 344, 2183, 253, 11024, 6317, 16824, 457, 84, 34070, 11197, 1665, 8216, 2360, 15, 187, 187, 18681, 15, 15657, 7902, 13, 416, 14, 48115, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 42, 452, 642, 2934, 2139, 253, 12578, 2506, 457, 85, 816, 1705, 4076, 285, 2085, 436, 1491, 281, 5759, 15, 1737, 403, 597, 2820, 281, 10507, 32, 1737, 403, 597, 2820, 281, 3835, 598, 7721, 7902, 2546, 15, 187, 187, 32336, 556, 1677, 253, 12578, 1919, 7659, 15, 3435, 281, 2085, 779, 342, 9172, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 2183, 11197, 1665, 253, 37884, 310, 1146, 908, 347, 247, 773, 33979, 10485, 1425, 187, 187, 1628, 3726, 1053, 457, 85, 2868, 597, 878, 281, 390, 597, 452, 281, 668, 1614, 689, 253, 1491, 13, 344, 753, 15, 773, 3726, 457, 250, 417, 1469, 281, 320, 25042, 281, 13, 8505, 1425, 187, 187, 32336, 13, 43800, 253, 33486, 20484, 2983, 327, 11518, 1327, 14, 856, 26017, 13, 753, 253, 2448, 952, 403, 10305, 7162, 275, 24715, 10003, 347, 597, 2489, 625, 285, 625, 48217, 1025, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1231, 452, 2326, 1024, 342, 436, 9497, 261, 41664, 1216, 275, 253, 20484, 48217, 3006, 253, 625, 4709, 8826, 2208, 6757, 432, 253, 32764, 432, 954, 7108, 13, 908, 352, 347, 247, 3569, 10485, 1806, 7902, 753, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 1231, 457, 306, 2326, 253, 48217, 1320, 273, 253, 12578, 15, 1893, 359, 403, 10305, 7162, 275, 841, 10003, 326, 943, 320, 3722, 287, 6163, 273, 776, 14483, 1425, 50, 27, 187, 187, 5804, 626, 923, 22938, 21234, 29806, 275, 17633, 17203, 4104, 26470, 187, 187, 12092, 13, 846, 4076, 12692, 273, 17633, 17203, 4104, 26470, 309, 476, 626, 923, 44194, 29806, 15, 187, 187, 688, 7533, 309, 1849, 11410, 44194, 29806, 15, 309, 3597, 281, 14932, 12806, 533, 1335, 1072, 1895, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 28489, 352, 434, 1512, 3563, 13, 533, 8791, 13, 8046, 253, 3497, 273, 44194, 16235, 762, 27, 209, 187, 14154, 5204, 7464, 5204, 10684, 44194, 29806, 390, 897, 28194, 46432, 12, 31879, 12, 39, 19, 15, 187, 50276, 4943, 310, 849, 352, 4453, 751, 27, 535, 50, 27, 187, 187, 5804, 309, 823, 47426, 19, 2264, 273, 577, 6920, 390, 854, 6920, 13, 849, 1199, 323, 1016, 15239, 32, 187, 187, 42, 6337, 1563, 50276, 249, 14425, 285, 1694, 436, 906, 27, 187, 5, 20850, 42961, 504, 3211, 1969, 881, 3541, 187, 4, 42961, 504, 3211, 374, 15, 883, 187, 6955, 6159, 2697, 374, 15, 22, 1246, 15, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 19765, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 608, 13, 1384, 11061, 187, 21911, 31555, 8339, 187, 50274, 4756, 22464, 272, 8378, 27, 6705, 14, 2713, 444, 2648, 187, 50274, 4756, 46835, 272, 8040, 6720, 27, 187, 50270, 11336, 187, 50274, 40015, 5383, 35789, 27, 2596, 14, 1106, 5383, 35789, 187, 50274, 10605, 5383, 35789, 27, 2596, 14, 1106, 5383, 35789, 187, 50274, 40984, 21688, 30073, 19662, 27, 27277, 15255, 187, 50274, 40984, 12266, 21688, 19662, 27, 1384, 2385, 15255, 187, 50274, 40015, 8598, 5797, 27, 187, 50270, 1967, 19769, 187, 50270, 1549, 19769, 187, 50270, 1235, 19769, 187, 50274, 40015, 21688, 36975, 27, 187, 50270, 37, 2894, 46, 187, 50270, 3871, 37231, 187, 50274, 21911, 30073, 6845, 85, 486, 27, 495, 15, 20, 657, 187, 50274, 36597, 456, 21688, 7335, 1502, 27, 374, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 24133, 187, 50270, 17, 89, 933, 34, 187, 50274, 19157, 11759, 46835, 272, 8040, 6720, 27, 187, 50270, 11336, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 24133, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 721, 13, 1249, 11061, 187, 21911, 30073, 8339, 187, 50274, 22274, 11405, 318, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 17, 187, 50274, 16822, 11055, 960, 27, 337, 187, 50274, 10605, 24090, 27, 12036, 19769, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 10548, 18859, 19662, 27, 3105, 5376, 18859, 187, 50274, 19157, 19662, 27, 3105, 5376, 18859, 187, 50274, 4756, 20364, 27, 10826, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 933, 34, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 721, 13, 1249, 11061, 187, 21911, 30073, 8339, 187, 50274, 22274, 11405, 318, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 18, 187, 50274, 16822, 11055, 960, 27, 470, 608, 187, 50274, 10605, 24090, 27, 23094, 19769, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 444, 2648, 399, 2894, 46, 187, 50274, 10548, 18859, 19662, 27, 1384, 2385, 15255, 313, 20007, 14, 17703, 29028, 10, 187, 50274, 19157, 19662, 27, 1384, 2385, 15255, 313, 20007, 14, 17703, 29028, 10, 187, 50274, 4756, 20364, 27, 10826, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 40085, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 1668, 13, 1458, 11061, 187, 35227, 21688, 11782, 187, 50274, 11930, 27, 4155, 5986, 2207, 12273, 4697, 187, 50274, 11244, 27, 4155, 21688, 187, 50274, 4756, 40862, 8078, 27, 8256, 187, 50274, 40984, 8040, 10757, 27, 854, 20514, 187, 50274, 4756, 8339, 34107, 27, 3105, 9225, 1356, 187, 50274, 8447, 4683, 41442, 27, 374, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 4699, 35, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 1722, 13, 3435, 11061, 187, 21911, 27048, 187, 50274, 6542, 34107, 27, 470, 89, 40085, 187, 50274, 4756, 8339, 34107, 27, 3105, 9225, 1356, 187, 50274, 12481, 39569, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 3233, 39569, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 5496, 27, 1621, 30073, 5376, 18859, 187, 50274, 5232, 16090, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 187, 50274, 4531, 27, 8256, 187, 50274, 16395, 1080, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 17, 187, 50274, 16822, 18771, 1080, 27, 378, 19871, 17, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 2548, 4597, 647, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 30475, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 4779, 4074, 13615, 27, 29405, 13615, 17, 187, 50274, 17299, 11057, 27, 4165, 12753, 17, 187, 50274, 37910, 17750, 27, 49838, 12547, 12753, 17, 187, 50274, 7834, 11057, 27, 3512, 12753, 17, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 4699, 37, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 1722, 13, 3435, 11061, 187, 21911, 27048, 187, 50274, 6542, 34107, 27, 470, 89, 40085, 187, 50274, 4756, 8339, 34107, 27, 3105, 9225, 1356, 187, 50274, 12481, 39569, 27, 6705, 9886, 187, 50274, 3233, 39569, 27, 8187, 9886, 187, 50274, 5496, 27, 1384, 2385, 15255, 187, 50274, 5232, 16090, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 187, 50274, 4531, 27, 8256, 187, 50274, 16395, 1080, 27, 399, 2894, 46, 18, 187, 50274, 16822, 18771, 1080, 27, 378, 19871, 18, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 47426, 19, 187, 50274, 2548, 4597, 647, 27, 14139, 8241, 528, 187, 50274, 30475, 27, 32471, 187, 50274, 4779, 4074, 13615, 27, 29405, 13615, 18, 187, 50274, 17299, 11057, 27, 4165, 12753, 18, 187, 50274, 37910, 17750, 27, 49838, 12547, 12753, 18, 187, 50274, 7834, 11057, 27, 3512, 12753, 18, 187, 187, 29859, 4697, 8692, 27, 187, 4, 42961, 504, 3211, 374, 15, 883, 187, 6955, 6159, 2697, 374, 15, 22, 1246, 15, 187, 187, 16722, 470, 89, 12603, 13, 399, 6402, 1511, 374, 13, 1458, 11061, 187, 8932, 5986, 8339, 187, 50274, 4779, 4074, 13615, 27, 353, 5824, 187, 50274, 13443, 9424, 27, 7852, 14, 24, 22000, 187, 50274, 8893, 27, 337, 15, 17, 187, 50274, 17299, 11057, 27, 1916, 320, 6898, 407, 473, 15, 38, 15, 46, 15, 187, 50274, 37910, 17750, 27, 1916, 2325, 401, 2591, 2896, 473, 15, 38, 15, 46, 15, 187, 50274, 30880, 27, 187, 50270, 32994, 310, 247, 19355, 4450, 187, 50270, 32994, 310, 8171, 494, 187, 50274, 11930, 496, 775, 34119, 27, 1916, 2325, 401, 2591, 2896, 473, 15, 38, 15, 46, 15, 187, 50274, 1779, 34119, 34107, 27, 470, 89, 14602, 187, 50274, 2548, 27, 12273, 4697, 187, 50274, 2861, 1243, 9206, 10535, 868, 27, 470, 187 ]

open area, double height elegant lobby in each apartment tower, and seductive water spots express a lot. This under-development housing development rightly communicates the message Luxury can be reasonably priced and it must be. Now disclosing the biggest signature attraction of Ace Divino project. It introduces a unique, authoritative Zen Gardens concept which situated in towers mid-point and actually links the towers of the complex. Besides this, it has many outstanding amenities such as high-speed elevators, coffee lounge/restaurant, retail shopping avenue, tree court, meditation area, banquet space, conference room, indoor and outdoor gaming facilities. And donot worry these homes are quite affordable and premium apartment fully justifies their price tag.using System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace SharpLearning.Metrics.Ranking { /// <summary> /// Calculates the average precision ranking metric /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> public sealed class AveragePrecisionRankingMetric<T> : IRankingMetric<T> { readonly int m_k; readonly HashSet<T> m_workTargets = new HashSet<T>(); /// <summary> /// Takes the top k predictions to consider /// </summary> /// <param name="k"></param> public AveragePrecisionRankingMetric(int k) { if (k < 1) { throw new ArgumentException("k must be at least 1"); } m_k = k; } /// <summary> /// Calculates the average precision error 1 - average precision /// </summary> /// <param name="targets"></param> /// <param name="predictions"></param> /// <returns></returns> public double Error(T[] targets, T[] predictions) { var length = m_k; if (predictions.Length < length) length = predictions.Length; m_workTargets.Clear(); foreach (var target in targets) { m_workTargets.Add(target); } var score = 0.0; var hits = 0.0; for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { var prediction = predictions[i]; if(m_workTargets.Contains(prediction) && !Contains(predictions, i, prediction)) { hits += 1.0; score += hits / (i + 1.0); } } double minLength = Math.Min(targets.Length, m_k); return 1.0 - score / minLength; } bool Contains(T[] predictions, int i, T prediction) { var predictionFound = false; for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) { if (predictions[j].Equals(prediction)) { predictionFound = true; } } return predictionFound; } } } Senator: FBI covering up handling of Hillary probe Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., charges the FBI is stonewalling his efforts to get to the bottom of allegations that political bias influenced the bureau’s decision to exonerate Hillary Clinton in its investigation of her mishandling of classified information. Johnson is demanding that the FBI reveal who was behind the watering down of then-FBI Director James Comey’s draft statement on the Clinton email probe. But he’s not getting any answers from the bureau, he told the Fox News Channel’s Tucker Carlson Thursday night. Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis. “I have no idea why the FBI doesn’t just come clean and provide this information to Congress. What are they trying to hide? What are they trying to cover up?” Johnson asked. Johnson has given the FBI until Dec. 27 to provide him with answers. He told Carlson the bureau is being used as a “political weapon.” “They don’t believe they need to or they have to” turn over the information, he said. “They’re not going to be compelled to, apparently.” Johnson, recalling the infamous IRS attack on conservative non-profits, said the American people are losing confidence in governmental institutions as they become more and more politicized. “We have seen now with this Lois Lerner in the IRS politicizing the more fearsome government agency from the standpoint from most Americans, used it as a political weapon,” Johnson said. “We’ve seen the politicization of the FBI. So we are losing confidence in these institutions that should be bedrocks of our democracy.”Q: Can't see Diagnostics Tools in Visual Studio 2015 Enterprise Hello, after clean installation of Visual Studio 2015 Enterprise I can't see Diagnostic Tools. In settings I've enabled Diagnostic Tools. I tried to reset layout but still same problem. A: maybe it's too late, but anyway, enable the window of Diagnostic Tool under: Debug -> Windows -> Show Diagnostic Tools or use shortcut Ctrl+Alt+F2. Here is how it looks like: Q: Can I add DDR2 total of 4GB or 8GB, how much for each slot? I ran following in Ubuntu and got this result: $ sudo dmidecode --type memory # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0008, DMI type 5, 20 bytes Memory Controller Information Error Detecting Method: 64-bit ECC Error Correcting Capabilities: None Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave Current Interleave: One-way Interleave Maximum Memory Module Size: 1024 MB Maximum Total Memory Size: 2048 MB Supported Speeds: 70 ns 60 ns 50 ns Supported Memory Types: DIMM SDRAM Memory Module Voltage: 3.3 V Associated Memory Slots: 2 0x0009 0x000A Enabled Error Correcting Capabilities: None Handle 0x0009, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information Socket Designation: DIMM0 Bank Connections: 1 Current Speed: 160 ns Type: Unknown Installed Size: Not Installed Enabled Size: Not Installed Error Status: OK Handle 0x000A, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information Socket Designation: DIMM1 Bank Connections: 0 5 Current Speed: 162 ns Type: ECC DIMM Installed Size: 2048 MB (Double-bank Connection) Enabled Size: 2048 MB (Double-bank Connection) Error Status: OK Handle 0x0029, DMI type 16, 15 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: None Maximum Capacity: 8 GB Error Information Handle: Not Provided Number Of Devices: 2 Handle 0x002B, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0029 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: Unknown Data Width: Unknown Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM0 Bank Locator: BANK0 Type: Unknown Type Detail: Unknown Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Manufacturer0 Serial Number: SerNum0 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum0 Part Number: PartNum0 Handle 0x002D, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0029 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 72 bits Size: 2048 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM1 Bank Locator: BANK1 Type: DDR2 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Manufacturer1 Serial Number: SerNum1 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum1 Part Number: PartNum1 Motherboard info: # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes Base Board Information Manufacturer: MSI Product Name: MS-7309 Version: 1.0 Serial Number: To be filled by O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Features: Board is a hosting board Board is replaceable Location In Chassis: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Chassis Handle: 0x0003 Type: Motherboard Contained Object Handles: 0

[ 13, 690, 10149, 588, 452, 253, 1072, 3470, 347, 597, 513, 672, 368, 1472, 275, 253, 20243, 15, 18603, 14, 9738, 327, 253, 9096, 1840, 346, 3550, 8858, 3, 327, 253, 346, 6321, 630, 3, 629, 273, 253, 5202, 15, 380, 1491, 627, 8599, 368, 326, 672, 368, 403, 2819, 387, 247, 1618, 14, 273, 14, 8858, 275, 19792, 44017, 39029, 13, 690, 3081, 10149, 403, 2130, 323, 3081, 3470, 15, 2053, 10149, 403, 2130, 760, 672, 368, 1472, 275, 247, 1618, 14, 273, 14, 8858, 28, 672, 368, 3553, 253, 1618, 13, 597, 513, 417, 452, 1110, 3470, 667, 625, 15, 1310, 368, 971, 281, 1818, 253, 2234, 48165, 387, 667, 1268, 13, 5532, 327, 247, 9096, 285, 2315, 346, 13904, 10030, 378, 527, 723, 3446, 187, 2042, 368, 403, 2819, 387, 247, 1618, 14, 1171, 14, 8858, 275, 14311, 630, 285, 368, 2315, 247, 2234, 13, 840, 19792, 44017, 588, 1007, 323, 326, 2234, 434, 4865, 387, 253, 346, 3550, 8858, 3, 1268, 273, 697, 7741, 1873, 28, 285, 604, 352, 476, 626, 1089, 253, 4865, 627, 352, 588, 3186, 598, 949, 253, 5202, 323, 253, 4865, 1919, 352, 14190, 253, 1755, 15, 1310, 352, 2550, 1089, 352, 627, 840, 44017, 588, 1918, 368, 271, 346, 25359, 1159, 2234, 3, 2228, 15, 3856, 310, 271, 1650, 4645, 849, 281, 823, 247, 2234, 10603, 281, 19792, 44017, 13, 594, 253, 401, 20, 1159, 2234, 327, 634, 15487, 588, 513, 271, 8021, 1433, 313, 6309, 751, 9175, 14, 50, 2168, 1057, 2262, 187, 18, 10, 1310, 368, 452, 253, 44017, 11405, 254, 13, 15345, 1080, 13, 390, 39029, 3515, 987, 1024, 13, 840, 15856, 562, 273, 731, 13, 390, 2010, 19792, 37060, 588, 417, 320, 2104, 281, 1527, 253, 44017, 7741, 1873, 15, 187, 19, 10, 844, 588, 320, 14835, 253, 401, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 1873, 13, 594, 1056, 247, 17119, 3491, 273, 352, 1078, 359, 3135, 15, 313, 1394, 812, 816, 12921, 326, 1873, 285, 5321, 634, 2544, 347, 247, 747, 964, 13045, 1873, 13, 3707, 326, 627, 310, 247, 7505, 275, 44017, 577, 15, 17, 15, 805, 326, 16897, 352, 432, 970, 667, 8351, 1873, 643, 685, 401, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 2698, 831, 1873, 310, 275, 4145, 24564, 1042, 9675, 3338, 1449, 15, 187, 20, 10, 11075, 598, 19792, 37060, 407, 4021, 14, 9738, 272, 327, 697, 10651, 13, 390, 3515, 346, 2415, 15, 4237, 38, 3, 432, 253, 346, 4505, 14311, 3, 8910, 5438, 15, 2091, 352, 12325, 368, 281, 1527, 247, 1873, 13, 24171, 281, 4145, 24564, 1042, 9675, 3338, 1449, 285, 5206, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 3446, 187, 21, 10, 7489, 253, 2234, 4865, 8121, 407, 2057, 19009, 327, 253, 346, 44, 2234, 3, 10651, 13, 8871, 253, 346, 40541, 26670, 10149, 3, 8910, 5438, 13, 390, 17178, 9175, 14, 46, 15, 187, 22, 10, 18603, 14, 9738, 327, 253, 9096, 1840, 346, 27095, 14, 11296, 13015, 313, 255, 253, 1669, 5024, 273, 253, 3497, 582, 390, 5532, 2378, 327, 352, 285, 2315, 346, 13904, 10030, 378, 527, 723, 3446, 831, 10316, 598, 247, 3497, 4645, 368, 253, 10149, 326, 403, 35114, 18301, 2439, 512, 273, 253, 19792, 44017, 5657, 313, 17480, 368, 403, 4645, 253, 2234, 42794, 1618, 323, 253, 4585, 1268, 273, 253, 19868, 481, 187, 23, 10, 15682, 327, 253, 346, 26698, 15784, 3, 6409, 15, 831, 11323, 1529, 1386, 323, 368, 281, 1691, 247, 747, 2234, 4865, 327, 15, 818, 10, 10871, 253, 3159, 346, 34108, 3, 327, 634, 747, 4194, 275, 253, 12121, 5084, 313, 5658, 1364, 1511, 352, 342, 247, 5347, 346, 38, 3, 285, 2406, 14, 5045, 346, 19706, 8375, 285, 4901, 346, 39, 20, 3, 275, 253, 346, 20568, 3, 5084, 15, 187, 25, 10, 15682, 346, 10249, 3, 281, 1091, 281, 253, 2234, 4865, 8121, 15, 187, 26, 10, 10338, 2119, 326, 253, 401, 20, 2234, 310, 417, 18301, 281, 1633, 2010, 2406, 275, 253, 19868, 13, 407, 4021, 14, 9738, 272, 327, 1016, 273, 253, 14240, 281, 253, 987, 273, 346, 27095, 14, 11296, 13015, 3, 285, 2403, 2119, 326, 401, 20, 310, 417, 2011, 275, 253, 1618, 273, 2234, 48165, 15, 1310, 368, 513, 1089, 352, 275, 253, 2234, 48165, 323, 1529, 1268, 13, 840, 11352, 352, 342, 253, 346, 19238, 15784, 3, 6409, 15, 187, 740, 10, 15682, 346, 10249, 3, 281, 5597, 253, 2234, 4865, 8121, 672, 368, 403, 6699, 342, 352, 15, 187, 187, 4125, 326, 368, 1849, 2879, 247, 747, 2234, 4865, 13, 368, 878, 281, 6635, 285, 5321, 352, 1078, 368, 476, 897, 352, 27, 187, 18, 10, 15682, 327, 253, 346, 16450, 3, 6409, 313, 783, 9132, 650, 6228, 13, 253, 987, 2252, 10651, 582, 2619, 253, 346, 40541, 48533, 3, 8910, 5438, 13, 390, 2315, 9175, 14, 40, 15, 1310, 352, 12325, 368, 604, 368, 971, 281, 5321, 634, 2544, 1078, 368, 6635, 13, 840, 5206, 346, 9820, 3446, 2732, 352, 15693, 13, 352, 943, 3148, 247, 10756, 3817, 7746, 368, 326, 253, 6635, 6312, 8379, 15, 187, 19, 10, 23017, 634, 2544, 407, 8871, 253, 346, 4505, 23017, 3, 8910, 5438, 13, 285, 10463, 19792, 37060, 407, 8871, 346, 4505, 40745, 3446, 5838, 27, 6295, 273, 253, 5321, 5231, 5393, 1840, 313, 9131, 253, 6635, 285, 846, 253, 6635, 10, 403, 3309, 28, 253, 806, 2250, 26866, 253, 1577, 603, 2544, 534, 403, 3309, 281, 1347, 253, 6635, 8379, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 5321, 26866, 253, 4751, 4561, 13, 3426, 1873, 15, 3954, 1611, 4983, 598, 44017, 39029, 13, 285, 17178, 401, 20, 281, 923, 604, 352, 8379, 39852, 253, 2898, 15, 401, 20, 943, 671, 3176, 672, 368, 2028, 44017, 281, 346, 14422, 38793, 3446, 1422, 476, 3711, 1142, 2234, 45040, 8583, 512, 281, 253, 1072, 2250, 13, 533, 368, 2550, 3711, 581, 2173, 2234, 26000, 281, 625, 685, 581, 2250, 15, 187, 187, 3175, 47965, 37457, 52, 187, 1394, 476, 760, 8980, 247, 2234, 7100, 281, 271, 2250, 326, 434, 2130, 387, 247, 1677, 1268, 273, 19792, 44017, 15, 13168, 368, 588, 971, 281, 4853, 247, 2234, 323, 271, 2250, 326, 1057, 417, 2168, 2226, 387, 326, 1268, 13, 594, 368, 588, 452, 281, 823, 253, 2250, 15, 329, 1618, 387, 253, 990, 273, 436, 16950, 249, 2722, 1142, 273, 253, 5231, 326, 19792, 44017, 25153, 285, 476, 3794, 281, 15, 1422, 476, 823, 841, 5231, 281, 667, 1268, 273, 253, 19792, 44017, 5657, 285, 8980, 10149, 281, 731, 281, 1056, 731, 897, 494, 15, 3856, 310, 271, 1650, 273, 849, 281, 4853, 253, 346, 6989, 3366, 967, 10030, 374, 3, 2250, 275, 19792, 44017, 39029, 13, 285, 8980, 352, 281, 253, 401, 19, 2234, 27, 187, 18, 10, 24445, 667, 19792, 44017, 5657, 313, 23045, 254, 13, 48533, 13, 39029, 10, 326, 368, 1537, 452, 3515, 13, 594, 368, 476, 10007, 616, 7741, 1873, 1293, 2970, 667, 346, 3140, 2168, 1527, 3, 6332, 15, 187, 19, 10, 1422, 588, 320, 14835, 4145, 24564, 1042, 9675, 3338, 1449, 39, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 13, 594, 1056, 247, 17119, 3491, 273, 352, 323, 4999, 23492, 15, 187, 20, 10, 14311, 19792, 37060, 13, 285, 1527, 401, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 15, 187, 21, 10, 3617, 715, 253, 2234, 4865, 8121, 13, 285, 5532, 327, 253, 346, 13443, 47483, 3, 6409, 15, 831, 10316, 598, 253, 13126, 47483, 17234, 13, 534, 4453, 751, 253, 10030, 378, 527, 723, 17234, 15, 187, 22, 10, 18603, 14, 9738, 327, 253, 9096, 1840, 253, 3159, 346, 6321, 630, 3446, 831, 10316, 368, 281, 253, 13126, 12121, 5426, 3601, 15, 187, 23, 10, 33340, 247, 747, 4194, 407, 19009, 327, 253, 346, 26698, 15784, 3, 6409, 15, 187, 24, 10, 9272, 253, 12616, 346, 6989, 3366, 967, 10030, 374, 3, 275, 253, 12121, 5084, 13, 285, 1691, 11130, 275, 253, 6307, 5084, 15, 187, 25, 10, 15682, 346, 10249, 3, 281, 5597, 253, 13126, 12121, 10756, 13, 840, 5532, 346, 10249, 3, 275, 253, 13126, 12121, 17234, 281, 5597, 352, 1512, 15, 187, 4125, 368, 452, 1160, 326, 2250, 2130, 323, 253, 1268, 368, 403, 14835, 15, 1876, 326, 4558, 310, 281, 8980, 247, 2234, 281, 352, 13, 281, 1056, 352, 4217, 15, 187, 187, 4943, 434, 247, 6010, 273, 253, 7997, 1677, 1840, 323, 849, 281, 823, 247, 2234, 4865, 27, 187, 18, 10, 496, 253, 10030, 36233, 17234, 13, 4021, 14, 9738, 327, 253, 346, 6321, 630, 3, 9096, 15, 187, 19, 10, 5687, 253, 346, 26698, 15784, 3, 6409, 13, 285, 4853, 247, 747, 4865, 342, 2250, 346, 6989, 3366, 967, 10030, 374, 3, 285, 4865, 346, 39, 19, 3446, 15682, 346, 10249, 3, 281, 2810, 253, 10030, 36233, 23709, 3497, 15, 187, 20, 10, 10338, 2119, 326, 253, 346, 39, 19, 3, 2234, 310, 417, 3033, 387, 667, 643, 1268, 2708, 346, 6321, 630, 3, 407, 12669, 253, 10030, 36233, 23709, 12028, 323, 512, 14240, 4802, 281, 346, 6321, 630, 3, 281, 253, 987, 273, 352, 15, 187, 21, 10, 5687, 253, 346, 10249, 3, 6409, 281, 5597, 253, 10030, 36233, 17234, 13, 285, 6635, 253, 747, 2234, 48165, 407, 19009, 327, 253, 48533, 10651, 275, 253, 401, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 3497, 15, 23017, 634, 747, 48165, 407, 17221, 346, 17964, 3, 432, 253, 8490, 8910, 15, 187, 22, 10, 40745, 19792, 37060, 13, 285, 1071, 436, 747, 2250, 407, 8133, 247, 25111, 14, 39, 19, 9632, 275, 247, 830, 285, 970, 14311, 630, 281, 1056, 2119, 326, 352, 2987, 15, 187, 187, 3980, 6929, 37060, 310, 247, 42295, 4968, 534, 2550, 320, 3334, 1309, 6867, 12692, 323, 42295, 13722, 15, 2042, 368, 417, 452, 3334, 352, 407, 42295, 13722, 22942, 15, 1552, 4968, 1361, 281, 3711, 253, 3470, 2234, 15, 2214, 1650, 327, 1408, 673, 368, 971, 281, 10463, 672, 2315, 49817, 42840, 2234, 436, 789, 310, 1896, 949, 42295, 8351, 15, 1231, 812, 4656, 10149, 671, 1072, 347, 17633, 5044, 25111, 22400, 9632, 15, 18905, 253, 5018, 273, 15101, 507, 11917, 604, 667, 1895, 2183, 479, 309, 5007, 368, 4864, 1491, 15, 187, 187, 8398, 368, 1077, 1199, 270, 14617, 634, 10030, 353, 5436, 1491, 310, 281, 2590, 3346, 2858, 891, 717, 10268, 253, 1895, 326, 891, 717, 7591, 281, 1089, 253, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 3, 1873, 327, 619, 11570, 19179, 2391, 74, 452, 8038, 884, 72, 327, 619, 11570, 4382, 1051, 395, 417, 1089, 667, 1873, 4907, 347, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 15, 13045, 3, 760, 253, 948, 33787, 4367, 891, 1119, 310, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 10663, 35, 15, 13045, 3, 285, 346, 39, 6784, 5077, 7585, 64, 18441, 25, 15, 13045, 3, 1157, 346, 39, 6784, 3016, 56, 15, 13045, 3, 49870, 39, 6784, 10663, 35, 15, 13045, 3, 187, 446, 91, 2028, 479, 534, 1873, 891, 452, 281, 908, 281, 278, 2259, 253, 2234, 1051, 187, 187, 42, 452, 2620, 686, 22401, 83, 4556, 373, 8, 4367, 327, 619, 5578, 275, 346, 36, 8048, 11148, 40631, 18686, 64, 18, 61, 13015, 3446, 1583, 403, 27, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 15, 373, 13, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 64, 17880, 25, 15, 373, 13, 49555, 14734, 88, 15, 373, 13, 269, 28094, 7585, 15, 373, 13, 285, 269, 28094, 7585, 64, 17880, 25, 15, 373, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4367, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 15, 373, 285, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 64, 17880, 25, 15, 373, 403, 8931, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4367, 269, 28094, 7585, 15, 373, 285, 269, 28094, 7585, 64, 17880, 25, 15, 373, 403, 8931, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1873, 49555, 14734, 88, 15, 373, 310, 417, 247, 686, 1156, 8, 1873, 326, 4453, 686, 5758, 8, 281, 253, 16168, 15, 187, 187, 42, 2429, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 15, 373, 285, 269, 28094, 7585, 15, 373, 285, 597, 452, 3910, 533, 309, 717, 4390, 417, 275, 247, 1899, 281, 1071, 841, 3910, 15, 309, 588, 452, 281, 3553, 352, 598, 281, 368, 323, 253, 2774, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1804, 368, 3609, 247, 2014, 1386, 281, 320, 2429, 275, 253, 2234, 1361, 1684, 14, 484, 13, 323, 1650, 13, 1386, 8187, 534, 4428, 27, 187, 249, 269, 28094, 5902, 7585, 15, 373, 187, 13391, 1163, 470, 1163, 346, 39, 20, 3, 1163, 11087, 1163, 346, 24900, 21821, 21236, 3, 187, 395, 187, 249, 269, 28094, 7585, 15, 373, 187, 13210, 1163, 337, 1163, 346, 38478, 12, 39, 22 ]

, some keys will have the same functions as they do when you're in the runtime. Double-click on the circle above "listvalues" on the "runform" part of the tree. The information there tells you that when you are looking at a list- of-values in Oracle Forms Runtime, some additional keys are available for additional functions. These keys are available only when you're in a list- of-values; when you leave the list, they do not have those functions any more. If you want to change the key bindings at any level, click on a circle and press "Edit Key Bindings". If you are looking at a list-of-values in Runform and you press a key, then Oracle Forms will look for that key's binding at the "listvalues" level of its resource file; and if it can't find the binding there it will search up through the tree for the binding until it reaches the top. If it cannot find it there then Forms will give you an "invalid function key" error. Here is an example showing how to add a key mapping to Oracle Forms, so the F3 function key on your keyboard will do an EXIT (just like Control-Q already does): 1) If you have the Forms Designer, Generator, or Runtime running right now, then quit out of them, or else Oracle Terminal will not be able to open the Forms resource file. 2) We will be editing the FMRPC.RES file, so make a backup copy of it before we begin. (You could just edit that file and save your changes as a new .RES file, except that there is a bug in Forms 4.0.12 that prevents it from using any terminal file other than FMRPC.RES.) This file is in ORAWINFORMS40. 3) Start up Oracle Terminal by double-clicking on its icon, or running "OT.EXE" from the "File Run" menu selection. When it asks you to open a file, navigate to ORAWINFORMS40 and choose "FMRPC.RES". 4) Open the key binding editor by either clicking on the "K key" icon, picking the "Functions Edit keys" menu selection, or pressing Control-M. 5) Double-click on the circle above "windows-sqlforms (at the left edge of the window), or click once on it and press "Edit Key Bindings". This brings up a window showing you the keys that are universally mapped across all of the Oracle Forms tools (since you are showing the key mappings list for the highest level of the hierarchy). 6) Click on the "Insert Row" button. This adds another line for you to put a new key binding on. 7) Enter the word "Exit" on your new row in the Action column (you must type it with a capital "E" and lower-case "xit"), and enter "F3" in the "Binding" column. 8) Click "OK" to return to the key binding editor. 9) Make sure that the F3 key is not mapped to something else lower in the hierarchy, by double-clicking on each of the circles to the right of "windows-sqlforms" and making sure that F3 is not shown in the list of key bindings. If you do find it in the key bindings for another level, then delete it with the "Delete Row" button. 10) Click "OK" to dismiss the key binding editor when you are finished with it. Now that you've added a new key binding, you need to generate and save it before you can use it: 1) Click on the "generate" button (the meat grinder, the rightmost icon), pick the "Functions Generate" menu selection, or press Control-G. If it asks you if you want to save your changes before you generate, then choose "yes". After it generates, it should display a dialog box telling you that the generate completed successfully. 2) Save your changes by picking the "File Save" menu selection, and exit Oracle Terminal by picking "File Exit". Note: Both of the save actions mentioned above (before the generate and after the generate) are necessary; the first action saves the structire changes which are necessary to perform the generate successfully, and the second save saves the fully generated, complete file. Now try starting up Forms Runtime, and pressing F3 to see if it successfully exits the application. F3 should also appear when you tell Forms to "Show Keys". You can map many keystrokes all to the same action, but you cannot map one specific keystroke to more than one action. PRODUCT ACTIONS You can only bind a keypress to an action that's available at a given level of Oracle Forms. Sometimes you will want to define a key for an action that does not already exist at that level, so you will have to add the action. A list at the end of this bulletin shows many of the actions that Oracle Forms recognizes and can respond to. You can add these actions to any level of the Oracle Forms tools and bind keys to them to make them useable. Here is an example of how to define the "User Defined Key 2" action in Oracle Forms Runtime, and bind it to the F2 key: 1) Close any Oracle Forms tools (Designer, Generate, Runtime) that you might have running, so you can modify their resource file without getting any "file already open" errors. 2) You will be editing ORAWINFORMS40FMRPC.RES, so make a backup copy of it for safekeeping. 3) Run Oracle Terminal, and open FMRPC.RES. 4) Go into the key binding editor, and click on the "Product Actions" button. This brings up the Product Actions Editor, which looks like the Key Bindings Editor. 5) Double-click on the circle above the word "runform". This brings you to the Product Action definition screen. 6) Insert a new row by clicking on the "Insert Row" button. 7) Put the phrase "User Defined Key 2" in the Action column, and put 84 in the Code column. 8) Click "OK" to dismiss the Product Action dialog, then click "OK" in the Product Action Editor to dismiss it too. Now you have made that action available for the level you are editing. All that remains is to bind a key to it, to make it useful. Here's a summary of the instructions given above for how to add a key binding: 1) In the Key Binding Editor, double-click on the "runform" circle. 2) Press the "Insert Row" button, and define a new binding with action "User Defined Key 2" and binding "F2". Click "OK" to close the Key Binding Definition window. 3) Make sure that the "F2" key is not bound at any other level below "runform" by checking the Key Binding Definition entries for all circles connected to "runform" to the right of it. 4) Press the "OK" button to dismiss the Key Binding Editor, and generate the new key bindings by clicking on the Generate icon in the FMRPC.RES window. Save your new bindings by selecting "Save" from the File menu. 5) Exit Oracle Terminal, and test this new action by putting a KEY-F2 trigger in a form and using Runform to make sure that it works. Oracle Terminal is a oracle tool which cannot be install during typical installation for oracle developer.If you not have install it by oracle developer cd.This tool help to map the functions key.For example on run time you want to exit when press ESCAPE key this work is possible through oracle terminal.We could restrict keys also same as Visual basic KEYPRESS trigger.Follow the steps of Himanshu if any problem told me I send you brief information. Thank you very much bcz your Key Mapping information is to clear ...but i am facing the problem that i am unable to find the "FMRPC.RES" file on my personnel Computer....i have installed 10g on my personnel computer...and not find any file named as "FMRPC.RES" only the simillar files i found is "FMRPCWEB.RES" and "FMRPCweb_UTF8.RES" , "FMRUSW.RES" ,"FMRWEB.RES" plz tell me which file i have to used to mape the key... I have five 'fmr*.res' files on my PC in "C:\DevSuiteHome_1\forms". They are: fmrpcweb.res, fmrpcweb_utf8.res, fmrusw.res, fmrweb.res, and fmrweb_utf8.res. The files fmrpcweb.res and fmrpcweb_utf8.res are identical. The files fmrweb.res and fmrweb_utf8.res are identical. The file fmrusw.res is not a 'text' file that looks 'open' to the edited. I compared fmrpcweb.res and fmrweb.res and they have differences but I am currently not in a position to test these differences. I will have to leave it up to you for the moment. I suggest you select a single line to be compared in the key help pop-up, for example, line 72 which contains: in fmrpcweb.res 114 : 0 : "F3" : 73 : "Duplicate Item" and in fmrweb.res 116 : 1 : "Shift+F5

[ 187, 187, 34706, 266, 23203, 24729, 273, 31205, 4536, 2427, 347, 1048, 347, 247, 7017, 1293, 14578, 13, 1078, 703, 48752, 3678, 14650, 15, 1500, 369, 11245, 342, 37534, 4600, 1049, 21254, 275, 7901, 13, 533, 11532, 703, 574, 253, 1895, 1580, 4201, 15, 346, 3220, 3101, 753, 309, 3802, 2149, 594, 16426, 347, 271, 13131, 326, 703, 4571, 626, 1978, 619, 16819, 249, 5464, 1735, 281, 617, 3722, 937, 753, 23203, 24729, 13, 1024, 8319, 285, 247, 33173, 22780, 15, 329, 4600, 1263, 5783, 326, 703, 6331, 14578, 271, 3388, 273, 11087, 2069, 271, 4964, 13, 512, 2360, 1048, 15, 346, 42, 369, 20802, 512, 253, 673, 937, 703, 753, 15, 346, 42, 1620, 1694, 3676, 4600, 15, 309, 369, 1900, 11870, 449, 187, 187, 46, 786, 4600, 1049, 21254, 476, 3798, 320, 11512, 342, 14898, 2544, 751, 10305, 2801, 13, 417, 10470, 13, 17816, 7665, 1078, 3722, 2606, 285, 14343, 327, 634, 1930, 3185, 273, 634, 896, 15, 47918, 32701, 16332, 1309, 4600, 326, 1978, 253, 2406, 21065, 3579, 285, 253, 23024, 1527, 13, 671, 1361, 275, 690, 11134, 2219, 15, 187, 187, 46, 786, 281, 10290, 1049, 21254, 778, 320, 4127, 342, 5869, 13, 1690, 8570, 273, 4408, 432, 253, 896, 273, 253, 6208, 285, 13386, 13, 1690, 253, 46556, 3627, 13, 16298, 3683, 285, 12067, 9448, 28, 8013, 12591, 27067, 403, 671, 4536, 908, 281, 13827, 257, 253, 2602, 45238, 13, 2403, 352, 1679, 2779, 281, 13601, 366, 15, 187, 187, 3039, 1049, 21254, 310, 10290, 281, 5460, 13, 253, 5328, 2629, 273, 1971, 310, 5415, 2762, 23024, 3473, 13, 7744, 1929, 347, 13874, 2088, 15, 831, 310, 247, 5145, 326, 26361, 2329, 949, 247, 36863, 390, 39240, 4802, 281, 247, 8989, 16332, 1223, 368, 4600, 15, 380, 8989, 13840, 689, 253, 11480, 390, 556, 819, 23750, 326, 4944, 3304, 253, 11480, 15, 380, 2329, 3473, 310, 816, 2217, 281, 1978, 253, 23024, 1527, 285, 3657, 1049, 21254, 285, 3802, 4263, 15, 187, 187, 47391, 24729, 369, 15588, 13874, 2088, 987, 846, 617, 6120, 13, 533, 1119, 352, 41049, 13, 2834, 281, 4600, 342, 285, 19328, 13, 3340, 347, 247, 2872, 3416, 15, 11706, 13, 703, 908, 352, 327, 285, 745, 323, 1384, 1107, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 4307, 937, 703, 19943, 13, 346, 1989, 352, 434, 27620, 285, 4996, 15240, 285, 352, 434, 323, 253, 1551, 273, 634, 1495, 15, 8452, 5605, 326, 865, 187, 187, 2773, 369, 4716, 2146, 434, 5962, 14926, 13, 1512, 15, 346, 42, 651, 452, 281, 897, 352, 323, 253, 1551, 273, 619, 1495, 937, 344, 753, 15, 14820, 13, 344, 1119, 326, 344, 27352, 285, 3531, 1512, 1199, 323, 13874, 2088, 13, 534, 346, 36042, 368, 281, 4600, 275, 581, 1899, 13, 327, 634, 896, 13, 285, 3297, 627, 40669, 187, 187, 3, 42, 3078, 247, 9928, 2900, 937, 344, 753, 15, 187, 187, 24095, 2146, 285, 23203, 24729, 1097, 3531, 281, 31205, 1531, 6451, 297, 991, 408, 1171, 19601, 20997, 2790, 416, 474, 615, 323, 247, 9329, 5199, 326, 9727, 253, 6208, 13, 14018, 285, 22239, 3579, 21311, 281, 46112, 253, 23024, 15, 187, 187, 9684, 408, 297, 395, 27186, 32992, 13, 390, 44149, 13, 3548, 626, 323, 4130, 342, 1049, 21254, 13, 753, 416, 474, 615, 13, 3340, 1110, 2509, 973, 342, 13874, 2088, 390, 643, 11518, 1971, 15, 187, 187, 3, 510, 952, 665, 1705, 281, 479, 452, 5460, 1049, 21254, 285, 403, 18439, 323, 247, 2900, 937, 703, 753, 15, 4058, 1363, 403, 594, 4600, 14, 7955, 30487, 13, 597, 6403, 626, 4204, 16218, 407, 2201, 5869, 15, 187, 187, 46, 3788, 8687, 9968, 2067, 14910, 275, 253, 2454, 285, 294, 11025, 272, 731, 342, 1355, 30327, 31648, 285, 10855, 15, 733, 3936, 670, 1740, 3038, 13, 4419, 387, 1878, 767, 15513, 275, 253, 4675, 285, 2097, 5816, 789, 323, 767, 3618, 15, 1583, 476, 21058, 2622, 4712, 285, 6196, 275, 2620, 281, 2800, 3618, 15, 380, 10309, 310, 9928, 13, 533, 1912, 626, 873, 745, 3988, 49454, 387, 38042, 13, 416, 474, 615, 2296, 273, 247, 7208, 2546, 1953, 15, 187, 187, 3, 4374, 13, 253, 5869, 310, 247, 1943, 2968, 13, 533, 253, 1617, 1128, 706, 2855, 422, 4600, 1049, 21254, 1128, 261, 247, 1943, 2968, 15, 733, 434, 625, 685, 816, 3802, 4263, 15, 7160, 7768, 2308, 5926, 594, 1698, 326, 13, 689, 673, 13, 352, 5459, 616, 2495, 273, 2798, 8104, 13, 33518, 285, 690, 15110, 937, 753, 416, 474, 615, 15, 187, 187, 9034, 15, 308, 3682, 20254, 1994, 66, 13, 820, 14, 39874, 273, 253, 4600, 9360, 285, 3802, 4263, 14235, 387, 1982, 39, 4775, 285, 31205, 4214, 8896, 2296, 44149, 310, 346, 266, 4569, 13, 7607, 5869, 40669, 1292, 1643, 273, 521, 1363, 665, 403, 13410, 452, 352, 2218, 13, 346, 27978, 984, 273, 253, 1048, 7355, 2180, 390, 6503, 3374, 449, 380, 2105, 476, 1408, 670, 370, 1449, 13, 933, 15, 187, 187, 47391, 24729, 753, 352, 2335, 247, 807, 1078, 617, 6503, 2567, 651, 23255, 253, 5199, 15, 1500, 574, 253, 5869, 2800, 2607, 3622, 15, 187, 187, 3, 1147, 434, 1160, 271, 8644, 3064, 937, 703, 753, 15, 346, 42, 1353, 33128, 13, 625, 10028, 13, 309, 476, 3297, 22238, 1996, 387, 2360, 285, 309, 476, 6345, 6927, 449, 1500, 1335, 556, 690, 39856, 1255, 275, 617, 5004, 5541, 13, 533, 753, 352, 556, 644, 7808, 11138, 15, 187, 187, 24095, 2146, 574, 253, 5869, 1390, 4162, 285, 671, 556, 690, 12541, 39856, 1255, 275, 521, 2406, 5541, 285, 22239, 15, 346, 1147, 434, 247, 12504, 5471, 13, 533, 352, 369, 4409, 352, 937, 344, 11876, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 3802, 2324, 1199, 1679, 1024, 285, 521, 1049, 21254, 13305, 452, 8231, 432, 11003, 271, 4964, 281, 816, 1264, 15, 754, 285, 521, 4475, 403, 2104, 281, 4600, 275, 253, 1072, 2316, 969, 285, 4102, 2335, 247, 2021, 18125, 323, 253, 806, 673, 275, 1107, 15, 3122, 187, 475, 50273, 33527, 407, 966, 14, 23593, 495, 15, 20, 15, 21, 313, 1540, 2372, 481, 187, 475, 187, 475, 50273, 2437, 14, 23593, 310, 8283, 313, 36, 10, 8210, 14, 11496, 13, 5307, 14, 8971, 13, 6157, 14, 7330, 407, 11819, 427, 11550, 472, 15, 187, 1738, 187, 187, 4, 2948, 654, 4576, 28747, 16, 52, 2925, 511, 8975, 27869, 12094, 15, 73, 31, 187, 187, 33, 2437, 31681, 28, 187, 187, 33, 15049, 322, 2446, 44361, 41803, 2946, 1163, 322, 2925, 511, 8975, 27869, 12094, 187, 92, 187, 94, 187, 187, 12, 313, 301, 10, 20476, 2946, 3378, 29872, 10477, 301, 10, 1662, 18, 3634, 10477, 301, 10, 1662, 19, 28, 187, 12, 313, 301, 10, 20476, 2946, 28, 187, 14, 313, 30529, 10, 36042, 9604, 28, 187, 33, 9134, 9, 12557, 13, 1327, 16807, 10, 31681, 475, 20476, 2618, 28, 187, 14, 313, 301, 10, 36034, 43731, 28, 187, 14, 313, 301, 10, 4399, 18483, 28, 187, 187, 33, 423, 535, 1276, 434, 3304, 253, 8907, 18485, 1786, 1557, 6007, 11885, 4439, 253, 2505, 273, 616, 6007, 387, 271, 512, 14, 25011, 4804, 15, 187, 187, 12555, 1969, 20400, 3618, 846, 253, 3995, 273, 25574, 4817, 253, 2448, 4775, 9776, 3162, 13, 8907, 11885, 34800, 616, 2715, 273, 253, 1786, 1557, 6007, 3063, 15, 187, 187, 4943, 434, 849, 253, 8907, 6007, 19986, 432, 253, 581, 4817, 407, 253, 3995, 15, 187, 187, 32277, 253, 8907, 6007, 187, 187, 22096, 1397, 767, 1107, 273, 1655, 39193, 10762, 281, 42091, 313, 4609, 3918, 3778, 556, 12889, 13699, 281, 3785, 10, 281, 33292, 253, 6503, 27769, 15, 187, 187, 13569, 698, 12176, 281, 25700, 15, 187, 187, 38, 2815, 8475, 39193, 457, 84, 2060, 21787, 285, 2506, 457, 85, 2486, 22414, 323, 247, 47893, 275, 7031, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 5811, 2151, 281, 3297, 327, 4651, 457, 5827, 949, 253, 2363, 273, 3436, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1154, 400, 4219, 3054, 281, 4647, 323, 5172, 1564, 273, 253, 15322, 1624, 4775, 27873, 262, 4803, 15, 3808, 5667, 5373, 2486, 45171, 414, 1557, 13, 2854, 7242, 1557, 285, 6861, 335, 1972, 326, 403, 2424, 275, 6503, 5827, 762, 253, 1655, 1569, 15, 187, 187, 6116, 5436, 253, 3995, 6007, 187, 187, 7420, 27156, 2255, 432, 970, 4400, 2891, 20079, 281, 4489, 5827, 326, 3835, 16403, 285, 20220, 8336, 46933, 50155, 432, 6883, 4400, 8064, 323, 581, 807, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 84, 3054, 16209, 789, 6095, 323, 25700, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 5811, 3054, 281, 7703, 5172, 1564, 432, 10985, 5667, 1786, 5373, 1108, 1690, 45171, 414, 1557, 285, 8945, 2316, 19055, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 5811, 3054, 281, 40872, 271, 39193, 7248, 326, 14415, 42091, 432, 16153, 8334, 254, 11349, 625, 13, 534, 651, 8069, 29614, 638, 14, 20137, 2515, 29110, 15, 187, 187, 1785, 365, 932, 39193, 457, 84, 2060, 21787, 533, 29697, 4219, 952, 665, 1339, 616, 7031, 47893, 323, 9654, 1897, 15, 187, 187, 1785, 30345, 39193, 457, 84, 6021, 14, 3169, 2891, 20079, 342, 2363, 14, 3169, 2891, 20079, 326, 1053, 457, 85, 6889, 342, 1980, 6503, 4815, 15, 187, 187, 3837, 1397, 370, 25, 6494, 281, 1029, 14, 16272, 24283, 323, 7108, 342, 638, 14, 20137, 2515, 15, 187, 187, 39204, 3579, 187, 187, 510, 6007, 457, 84, 3727, 3637, 2607, 273, 22898, 285, 2600, 784, 8881, 15, 8907, 10823, 452, 23159, 616, 8786, 21421, 323, 2444, 327, 253, 6007, 3212, 4581, 11008, 15, 187, 187, 31840, 436, 2129, 13, 4673, 15, 1219, 6893, 257, 13, 399, 14, 39235, 904, 15602, 327, 15599, 6317, 457, 773, 20431, 5967, 27282, 668, 21110, 13, 4879, 326, 672, 49378, 253, 47518, 9776, 3162, 13, 11885, 574, 247, 4839, 281, 3959, 2544, 15, 187, 187, 1628, 688, 253, 4775, 7039, 13, 309, 1158, 12036, 8786, 26340, 497, 7607, 715, 253, 6007, 1806, 344, 753, 15, 773, 1147, 369, 37730, 323, 2030, 4951, 1897, 1078, 352, 369, 14285, 327, 15, 733, 369, 11691, 973, 275, 7170, 15, 831, 310, 247, 23013, 1425, 187, 187, 510, 30841, 31706, 7454, 13, 534, 3400, 1327, 2003, 16870, 13, 11745, 6260, 281, 5759, 13, 588, 1024, 7472, 253, 6007, 15, 329, 330, 9989, 4868, 812, 1705, 347, 3517, 347, 6794, 15, 187, 187, 510, 330, 9989, 5998, 326, 253, 2715, 273, 253, 2448, 4775, 9776, 3162, 4817, 407, 253, 3995, 651, 3553, 3495, 3041, 625, 7108, 48999, 407, 1384, 1731, 685, 762, 253, 47518, 9776, 3162, 15, 380, 3906, 671, 5998, 253, 6007, 651, 4796, 4400, 23835, 407, 370, 23829, 6494, 432, 4240, 281, 1384, 1731, 15, 187, 187, 25647, 6317, 457, 6393, 18673, 9945, 281, 436, 1304, 15, 42, 717, 2819, 387, 247, 3563, 5096, 434, 354, 7873, 21732, 987, 1024, 259, 16, 14212, 3038, 327, 352, 15, 309, 452, 3735, 326, 342, 253, 987, 2408, 273, 2801, 275, 841, 19750, 597, 588, 1691, 598, 247, 5699, 5149, 15, 3771, 12371, 752, 2238, 273, 2801, 368, 651, 452, 281, 1408, 285, 651, 309, 816, 320, 2970, 715, 247, 7020, 273, 3237, 342, 436, 1711, 273, 247, 9735, 32, 1532, 187, 15834, 27, 686, 1231, 1263, 253, 1953, 273, 1880, 390, 417, 352, 310, 1896, 281, 3653, 247, 30268, 4561, 1387, 370, 40, 5, 598, 281, 690, 10732, 273, 19945, 432, 253, 6637, 2367, 2690, 92, 1033, 4935, 40, 1009, 273, 370, 40, 1352, 844, 921, 326, 253, 3662, 310, 773, 2302, 668, 275, 247, 2266, 3282, 15, 1284, 247, 806, 1650, 359, 1246, 253, 4849, 273, 42133, 577, 14, 20419, 2390, 370, 40, 2253, 3151, 1366, 669, 3151, 61, 249, 6921, 17, 13, 18, 13, 19, 61, 9616, 1991, 427, 1366, 8818, 407, 253, 1273, 2488, 275, 12459, 15, 844, 921, 326, 2190, 731, 627, 310, 247, 19106, 273, 28208, 1327, 14, 371, 9720, 14, 261, 7480, 2390, 342, 2367, 2690, 92, 1033, 4935, 40, 2253, 3151, 4010, 60, 2249, 21103, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 2023, 17, 9955, 6837, 5709, 21103, 92, 18, 1217, 19, 2023, 18, 20481, 5076, 13, 323, 1016, 273, 841, 2390, 370, 40, 2253, 3151, 5, 627, 310, 247, 19106, 273, 10985, 2390, 370, 40, 5, 342, 253, 1072, 6637, 15, 1284, 247, 1273, 1650, 359, 3989, 247, 19106, 273, 370, 19, 2911, 20419, 32266, 14, 4924, 3213, 14, 20, 1220, 17254, 2390, 342, 253, 6637, 9793, 14, 18, 13, 18, 20481, 496, 1635, 13, 275, 5886, 281, 253, 1840, 1543, 13, 359, 5276, 247, 2715, 273, 253, 388, 335, 266, 40176, 6899 ]

Susan Yeatts of Tampa sometimes went as long as a minute without breathing, before she awakened gasping. She was diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea in 1990, but believes she had the problem since birth. "My mother said I snored so badly as an infant that she couldn't keep my bassinette next to her bed," said Yeatts, now 51 and a pharmacy researcher. A sleep study confirmed that she stopped breathing an average of 73 times an hour, all night long. "I was exhausted all the time," she said. "I never got deep sleep. I was always tired." Mild sleep apnea can usually be resolved with lifestyle changes like losing weight, not smoking, avoiding alcohol before bedtime and sleeping on your side instead of your back. Dental appliances worn during sleep that keep the lower jaw forward and the airway open, also help in some mild cases. Mild to moderate apnea may be treated with surgery, including removal of tissue from the back of the mouth and throat, including the uvula, tonsils and adenoids; plastic rod implants are also sometimes used to stiffen the soft palate, making it less likely to vibrate. When apnea is moderate to severe, the gold standard of treatment is continuous positive airway pressure, commonly known as CPAP. This is a machine that delivers air through a hose or tubing connected to a mask worn while you sleep. The mask fits over the nose or has prongs that fit inside the nose. The air pressure is just enough to keep the airway open and prevent apnea and snoring. Yeatts was prescribed CPAP right after her diagnosis, but found it cumbersome, difficult to sleep with and awkward, especially as a young woman. Still, she used it on and off for 20 years. "It worked," she admits, "But it's noisy and intrusive and it's for the rest of your life. Who wants that?" That was Holler's biggest objection, too. "I would have to use it for the rest of my life," he said. Plus, he found that he tossed and turned too much for CPAP, which "requires you to sleep in one position, on your back, and stay there.'' "I wanted a permanent solution," he said. Holler and Yeatts both turned to Tampa craniomaxillofacial surgeon Pat Ricalde for a radical procedure that moves the mouth, tongue and chin forward permanently to enlarge the airway. Maxillomandibular advancement, or MMA, isn't for everyone with apnea, said Ricalde, especially those doing well with CPAP or other conservative treatment. "The people who come to me have severe apnea and are desperate for a solution," she said. Her patients are so sleep-deprived, they aren't daunted by major surgery. MMA involves cutting several bones in the face and reconnecting them with small titanium screws and plates. It takes about four hours, requires at least two nights in the hospital and means missing work for two weeks. They can resume normal activities and diet in five to six weeks. The hardware is permanent, but won't set off security alarms at airports, Ricalde says of a frequently asked question. "Yes, the surgery is a big deal, but the condition—obstructive sleep apnea—is a big deal. It's more than just snoring. Their oxygen levels drop so low that, over time, it increases their risk of heart attacks, strokes and some cancers," said Ricalde. Dr. Tapan Padhya, co-director of the sleep disorders and snoring clinic at USF Health and Tampa General Hospital says MMA is "an appropriate, accepted surgery.'' But few of his patients who are eligible have it done, "usually because of the long recovery period or insurance issues." The cost can run about $40,000. Yeatts said it took a year before her insurance company would approve the procedure. She had the surgery six months ago. "It's made an amazing difference," she said. "I'm happier, more alert, I can stay awake later at night and I can breath easier." She still has some numbness in her bottom lip, but said it has been slowly improving. Holler had the surgery last April and also has some residual numbness in his lower lip and chin. "It's a weird feeling, but it was worth it," he sys. He snores much less now and his apnea episodes have dropped from 88 an hour to just three. He and his wife are able to sleep in the same room again and recently took a family vacation for the first time in years./* * Generated by class-dump 3.3.4 (64 bit). * * class-dump is Copyright (C) 1997-1998, 2000-2001, 2004-2011 by Steve Nygard. */ #import <SAObjects/SABaseClientBoundCommand.h> @class NSString; @interface SAAppsLaunchApp : SABaseClientBoundCommand { } + (id)launchAppWithDictionary:(id)arg1 context:(id)arg2; + (id)launchApp; - (BOOL)requiresResponse; @property(copy, nonatomic) NSString *launchId; - (id)encodedClassName; - (id)groupIdentifier; @end What's inside the Senate GOP health care bill Republicans released the text of their bill at an all-members meeting. -- Seven weeks after the House of Representatives passed the American Health Care Act, Senate Republicans unveiled their version of the health care bill today. Here's how the Senate bill differs from the one passed by the House. Inside the Senate bill Funds two years of current Obamacare payments to insurers (which President Trump has repeatedly threatened to pull) to stabilize the insurance marketplace. Delays cuts to Medicaid. Eliminates Obamacare’s individual mandate and doesn’t include penalties for a lapse in coverage. Allows children to stay on parents’ plans through the age of 26. Incentivizes states to apply for waivers of the Essential Health Benefit rules. Some essential benefits include maternity care, drug abuse care and ambulances that are required in insurance plans under the current law. Recapping the House bill Prevents women from using federal tax credits to buy plans that cover abortion and temporarily blocks Planned Parenthood from receiving federal funds for one year. Lets states impose work requirements for Medicaid. Allows states to seek waivers from covering essential health benefits – including maternity care and emergency room trips. Allows states to waive an Obamacare regulation that prevented insurers from charging sicker consumers more, which would effectively undermine pre-existing conditions protections. Repeals Obamacare’s individual mandate but penalizes people who let their coverage lapse for 63 days. Replaces Obamacare’s income-based tax credits with age-based tax credits that don’t vary with local insurance costs. Adds $8 billion to high-risk pools for Americans with pre-existing conditions. Going forward The bill’s release follows months of speculation and contentious debate. Senate Democrats have criticized their Republican counterparts for working on the bill behind closed doors. Earlier this week, Sen. Al Franken, D-Minn., appearing on ABC News’ “Powerhouse Politics” podcast, noted that when crafting the Affordable Care Act, Republicans had a chance to offer changes. “In the Health Committee, I think 160 Republican amendments were accepted into the bill,” he said. “It was debated for 25 straight days before it was voted on. It was scored well in advance. This is a sham.” The Congressional Budget Office, which provides nonpartisan, quantitative analyses to Congress, will now evaluate the bill. A CBO score could come as soon as Friday. The CBO estimated that the version of the American Health Care Act passed by the House would leave 23 million more Americans uninsured by 2026 than under the Affordable Care Act. The office also estimated the bill would reduce federal deficits by $337 billion from 2017 to 2026. ABC News’ Mary Bruce contributed to this report.I am looking at a late 80's prostar 190 right now w/ 800 hours on it. I have heard that with the right amount of weight in these boats they will put up a huge wave. Just wondering what kind of weight you would have to run and would I just be getting into a ton of problems with this old of a boat?--- abstract: 'We study the question of whether or not it is possible to determine a finitely generated group $G$ up to some notion of equivalence from the spectrum ${\mathrm{sp}}(G)$ of $G$. We show that the answer is “No” in a strong sense. As a first example we present the collection of amenable 4-generated groups $G_\omega$, $\omega\in\{0,1,2\}^\mathbb N$, constructed by the second author in 1984. We show that among them there is a continuum of pairwise non-quasi-isometric groups with ${\mathrm{sp}}(G_\omega)=[-\tfrac{1}{2},0]\cup[\tfrac{1}{2},1]$. Moreover, for each of these groups $G_\omega$ there is a continuum of covering groups $G$ with the same spectrum. As a second example we construct a continuum of $2$-generated torsion-free step-3 solvable groups with the spectrum $[-1,1]$. In addition, in relation to the above results, we prove a version of the Hulanicki Theorem

[ 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 1092, 75, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 599, 187, 6, 187, 61, 11510, 578, 75, 30, 18, 1990, 82, 94, 50276, 61, 1124, 92, 19, 367, 2497, 18, 4689, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 17125, 49, 2497, 18, 4689, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 17125, 21159, 93, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1603, 18, 14, 70, 1035, 1906, 64, 75, 16, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 26025, 10819, 19, 94, 50276, 61, 700, 464, 2461, 8814, 82, 1337, 2592, 13, 75, 38225, 1288, 1689, 1337, 67, 1906, 1337, 67, 1637, 10878, 45464, 253, 1340, 273, 253, 36138, 13, 359, 4044, 1764, 2043, 92, 14856, 94, 187, 50276, 61, 1968, 92, 1044, 19, 14, 1706, 19758, 94, 187, 6, 187, 61, 700, 464, 25802, 2005, 2026, 19, 82, 4203, 50276, 61, 1124, 92, 18, 1217, 82, 43422, 393, 2204, 26398, 2592, 64, 18, 1337, 2592, 64, 19, 10, 393, 249, 393, 3582, 464, 21416, 2000, 82, 94, 11549, 187, 393, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 2859, 578, 74, 13, 75, 94, 393, 249, 544, 55, 64, 18, 16, 19, 13, 79, 1092, 367, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 94, 393, 3040, 374, 768, 79, 2766, 2808, 64, 19, 63, 20, 295, 11054, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 1092, 480, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 50275, 599, 187, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 1906, 64, 75, 393, 249, 309, 1743, 5994, 2026, 79, 94, 50276, 3353, 480, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 599, 393, 11510, 578, 75, 30, 18, 1990, 82, 94, 393, 1124, 92, 19, 32767, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1603, 18, 14, 70, 1035, 1906, 64, 75, 16, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 26025, 10819, 19, 94, 187, 40, 1126, 2592, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 67, 1906, 64, 75, 2023, 3202, 40, 1126, 2592, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 67, 1906, 64, 75, 4203, 187, 393, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 1637, 578, 74, 1337, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 22058, 393, 1637, 578, 74, 1337, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 3117, 393, 249, 544, 17, 13, 393, 2808, 64, 19, 295, 45301, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 62, 599, 187, 367, 2497, 18, 4689, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 17125, 49, 2497, 18, 4689, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 17125, 393, 700, 464, 2461, 8814, 82, 1337, 2592, 13, 75, 38225, 1288, 1689, 1337, 67, 1906, 1337, 67, 1637, 23516, 423, 92, 14856, 2138, 2896, 1157, 359, 452, 1764, 2043, 92, 14856, 94, 187, 40, 1126, 2592, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 67, 1906, 64, 75, 4203, 50275, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 1637, 578, 74, 1337, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 22058, 393, 1637, 578, 74, 1337, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 7398, 61, 393, 249, 544, 17, 13, 393, 2808, 64, 19, 295, 62, 3202, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 62, 599, 50276, 61, 1124, 92, 50276, 38, 578, 84, 94, 393, 2760, 9, 50276, 61, 4144, 578, 393, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 14030, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 10, 12523, 1906, 64, 75, 49, 1126, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 17125, 1337, 22141, 10, 187, 393, 4144, 578, 393, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 14030, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 17125, 19724, 1906, 64, 75, 49, 1126, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 17125, 1337, 22141, 10, 393, 2760, 9783, 367, 1126, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 18, 9, 75, 17125, 49, 1126, 67, 1637, 1126, 2592, 64, 19, 9, 75, 10, 6092, 187, 3202, 187, 6, 187, 50275, 30, 393, 2204, 578, 393, 5256, 464, 1637, 2000, 74, 1337, 40792, 464, 1637, 2000, 74, 50276, 61, 249, 544, 17, 13, 50275, 61, 2808, 64, 19, 295, 1092, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 18095, 187, 367, 2497, 18, 4689, 5256, 464, 67, 1637, 599, 367, 2497, 18, 4689, 40792, 464, 67, 1637, 599, 187, 6, 187, 50276, 38, 578, 84, 94, 393, 5178, 9, 187, 393, 4144, 578, 393, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 14030, 5256, 464, 67, 1637, 12523, 1906, 64, 75, 49, 578, 393, 5256, 464, 67, 1637, 23102, 22141, 10, 187, 393, 4144, 578, 393, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 14030, 40792, 464, 67, 1637, 599, 19724, 1906, 64, 75, 49, 578, 393, 40792, 464, 67, 1637, 23102, 22141, 10, 393, 5178, 17585, 423, 92, 14856, 2138, 3813, 13, 370, 40, 1126, 2592, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 67, 1906, 64, 75, 724, 1057, 417, 3469, 327, 9722, 2592, 64, 18, 1337, 2592, 64, 19, 3822, 844, 4993, 690, 669, 2592, 64, 17, 426, 1035, 2592, 578, 17, 13, 18, 5548, 2592, 578, 17, 13, 19, 2311, 393, 249, 393, 3582, 464, 21416, 2000, 82, 1352, 4325, 285, 1157, 359, 4044, 1764, 700, 464, 25802, 2005, 2026, 19, 82, 94, 14680, 1124, 11065, 19, 82, 25246, 1217, 82, 2, 374, 768, 82, 599, 50275, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 2859, 578, 74, 13, 75, 94, 393, 249, 544, 55, 64, 18, 16, 19, 13, 79, 1092, 367, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 94, 393, 3040, 374, 768, 79, 2766, 2808, 64, 19, 63, 20, 295, 11054, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 1092, 480, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 599, 393, 28511, 187, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 1906, 64, 75, 393, 249, 309, 1743, 5994, 2026, 79, 94, 50276, 3353, 480, 393, 249, 544, 18, 13, 82, 62, 599, 187, 6, 187, 50276, 61, 11510, 578, 75, 30, 18, 1990, 82, 94, 50276, 61, 1124, 92, 19, 32767, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1603, 18, 14, 70, 1035, 1906, 64, 75, 16, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 26025, 10819, 19, 94, 443, 1126, 2592, 64, 17, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 1906, 64, 75, 94, 18822, 4794, 281, 1157, 285, 1157, 359, 755, 1764, 25802, 2005, 578, 19, 82, 94, 426, 50276, 61, 1124, 11065, 19, 82, 25246, 1217, 2805, 2, 19, 768, 82, 599, 393, 11510, 578, 75, 30, 18, 1990, 82, 889, 5178, 9, 50275, 61, 2204, 1126, 35547, 464, 2859, 578, 74, 13, 75, 94, 393, 249, 544, 55, 64, 18, 16, 19, 13, 79, 1092, 891, 393, 249, 60, 18, 13, 84, 45301, 187, 367, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 94, 393, 3040, 374, 768, 79, 2766, 2808, 64, 19, 63, 20, 295, 6092, 393, 28511, 187, 61, 2204, 1126, 1906, 64, 75, 393, 249, 309, 1743, 5994, 2026, 79, 94, 748, 187, 50274, 61, 1124, 92, 19, 40, 1126, 2592, 64, 17, 1337, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1337, 1906, 64, 75, 5932, 93, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 1603, 18, 14, 70, 1035, 1906, 64, 75, 16, 49, 1126, 1288, 1689, 64, 75, 26025, 10819, 19, 889, 5178, 10, 559, 473, 9, 79, 768, 41317, 2249, 1124, 92, 20, 1217, 21, 599, 11127, 6915, 436, 3908, 323, 370, 82, 30, 18, 1366, 359, 4044, 669, 25802, 2005, 578, 19, 82, 7628, 1124, 11065, 19, 82, 25246, 1217, 2805, 2, 19, 768, 82, 3080, 25802, 2005, 578, 19, 2306, 82, 559, 473, 9, 79, 768, 41317, 14, 20, 16, 21, 2311, 13355, 3813, 13, 8755, 3127, 310, 8058, 4880, 187, 61, 187, 13811, 21, 15, 19, 15, 18, 15, 8072, 273, 253, 4737, 273, 6899, 374, 6019, 12159, 187, 13811, 35439, 3307, 36487, 3921, 1466, 669, 2009, 464, 22141, 34465, 89, 64, 18, 22561, 89, 64, 84, 13, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 6580, 285, 669, 22141, 426, 9, 89, 64, 18, 22561, 89, 64, 84, 10, 13355, 2635, 4622, 1764, 2043, 92, 2132, 94, 187, 61, 27056, 13522, 708, 399, 1035, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 578, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 94, 2387, 426, 50275, 37, 1035, 22141, 13, 313, 41, 64, 84, 9, 76, 1228, 578, 76, 30, 17, 1990, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 14, 18, 94, 50276, 10, 559, 393, 4259, 64, 18, 1337, 1968, 92, 1044, 19, 14, 1508, 11054, 187, 7, 399, 1035, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 768, 14774, 2026, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 94, 2387, 426, 50275, 37, 1035, 22141, 13, 313, 41, 64, 84, 9, 76, 1228, 578, 76, 11468, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 1990, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 14, 18, 94, 50276, 10, 559, 577, 61, 4259, 64, 19, 13, 393, 3362, 14766, 4259, 64, 74, 93, 393, 3040, 337, 1157, 18856, 891, 30, 18, 13, 19, 15, 393, 1968, 92, 1044, 19, 14, 1508, 66, 889, 423, 92, 2132, 2138, 4299, 19545, 36487, 844, 588, 5276, 253, 806, 3908, 15, 380, 4737, 273, 253, 1273, 3908, 310, 2074, 15, 4325, 285, 1157, 359, 452, 1764, 27056, 30, 393, 9290, 9121, 470, 393, 3040, 465, 654, 47, 11549, 93, 11549, 393, 2162, 64, 74, 9, 76, 10, 654, 89, 64, 74, 13, 11549, 891, 30, 18, 13, 537, 13, 84, 1337, 28, 465, 16, 47, 654, 1269, 578, 84, 12, 18, 889, 94, 50276, 14, 50276, 89, 64, 18, 393, 7718, 1269, 64, 84, 1269, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 427, 4700, 7757, 1764, 2043, 92, 14856, 94, 187, 393, 9290, 9121, 470, 393, 3040, 465, 654, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 11549, 93, 11549, 393, 2162, 64, 74, 9, 76, 10, 654, 89, 64, 74, 13, 11549, 891, 30, 18, 13, 537, 13, 84, 12499, 50276, 14, 50276, 89, 64, 18, 393, 7718, 1269, 64, 84, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 428, 18, 187, 50275, 61, 3040, 187, 61, 27056, 3202, 393, 3040, 393, 9290, 9121, 470, 393, 3040, 465, 654, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 11549, 93, 11549, 393, 2162, 64, 74, 9, 76, 10, 654, 89, 64, 74, 13, 11549, 891, 30, 18, 13, 537, 13, 84, 12499, 50276, 14, 50276, 89, 64, 18, 393, 7718, 1269, 64, 84, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 559, 18, 4880, 423, 92, 14856, 2138, 3813, 13, 8755, 3307, 310, 8058, 4880, 187, 61, 187, 13811, 35439, 3495, 36487, 3921, 3378, 41818, 347, 1840, 4622, 1764, 2043, 92, 14856, 94, 187, 61, 1968, 92, 1044, 19, 14, 1348, 66, 94, 187, 61, 27056, 13522, 38, 578, 84, 12, 18, 1603, 399, 1743, 1200, 3713, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 578, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 94, 2387, 2387, 50276, 30, 444, 578, 84, 12, 18, 3713, 84, 37, 578, 53, 578, 84, 5548, 1200, 13, 19, 1603, 17, 17555, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 50276, 1228, 187, 559, 473, 9, 295, 768, 393, 1200, 50276, 84, 1227, 19, 428, 18, 16, 740, 748, 10853, 28, 11549, 256, 61, 5090, 495, 24303, 187, 6, 187, 38, 578, 84, 12, 18, 1603, 399, 1743, 1200, 3713, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 578, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 1990, 14774, 94, 2387, 2387, 187, 426, 444, 578, 84, 12, 18, 3713, 84, 37, 578, 53, 578, 84, 5548, 1200, 13, 19, 33873, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 1092, 19, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 14, 18, 50276, 17968, 423, 92, 14856, 2138, 370, 559, 473, 9, 295, 768, 393, 1200, 50276, 84, 1227, 19, 428, 18, 16, 740, 6580, 323, 370, 84, 30, 19, 43638, 187, 61, 187, 13811, 19545, 36487, 11680, 253, 806, 6642, 15, 1281, 370, 393, 40792, 464, 84, 37, 1603, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 3291, 30, 399, 1035, 2009, 464, 22141, 2023, 393, 68, 41, 578, 84, 12, 18, 13, 47, 94, 2387, 50276, 2249, 84, 37, 578, 53, 578, 84, 4935, 17, 17555, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 3291, 370, 285, 370, 50275, 61, 3582, 464, 84, 37, 1603, 17, 17555, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 3291, 30, 399, 1035, 22141, 13, 313, 41, 9, 76, 1228, 578, 76, 30, 17, 1990, 60, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 12084, 14, 18, 94, 50276, 10, 50276, 2249, 84, 37, 578, 53, 578, 84, 4935, 17, 17555, 47, 89, 578, 84, 12, 18, 94, 3291, 13355, 4794, 281, 8755, 3307, 13, 359, 452, 17334, 40792, 464, 84, 37, 1603, 60, 47, 89 ]

i \in[1,s],j \in [1,q]}} % \prod_{j=1}^{q} \frac{2 P^{-1}_{\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}}P^{-1}_{\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}} }{|P_{\brho_j}(1-e(\mu_j/P_{\brho_j}))|^2} \hat{\beta}^{(q,\sigma,j)}_{\brho,\bmu,\balpha}.$$ Changing the order of the summation, we obtain $$\begin{gathered} \label{Th2-34abc} % \hat{\varsigma}_{2q}= \frac{1}{q!} \sum_{(\sigma_1,\sigma_2) \in \tilde{\Xi}_q} \; \sum_{\substack{\rho_{i,j} \in [V_1/2,n], P_{\brho_j} \leq 2^{n+\log_2^3 n}\\ i \in[1,s], j \in [1,q] }} \sum_{\substack{\mu_j \in I^{\prime}_{n} \\ j \in [1,q]}} \prod_{j=1}^{q} \frac{2}{|P_{\brho_j}(1-e(\mu_j/P_{\brho_j}))|^2} G_{\sigma,\brho_j,\bmu_j}, \\G_{\sigma,\brho_j,\bmu_j}= \sum_{\substack{\alpha_{i,\sigma_1(j)}, \alpha_{i,\sigma_2(j)} \in [0, \log_2 n]\\ i \in[1,s]}} P^{-1}_{\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}}P^{-1}_{\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}} \hat{\beta}^{(q,\sigma,j)}_{\brho,\bmu,\balpha}.\end{gathered}$$ By , we have $$\begin{gathered} G_{\sigma,\brho_j,\bmu_j}= \sum_{\substack{\alpha_{i,\sigma_1(j)}, \alpha_{i,\sigma_2(j)}\\ \in [0, \log_2 n] \\ i \in[1,s]}} \frac{ E_{s} \big( \psi_{ \brho_j +\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}}(\mu_jP_{\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}},\bx) \psi_{ \brho_j +\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}}(-\mu_jP_{\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}},\bx) \big)}{ P_{\balpha_{\sigma_1(j)}}P_{\balpha_{\sigma_2(j)}}} \\ % = \sum_{ \dot{\alpha}_i,\ddot{\alpha}_i \in [0, \log_2 n], i \in[1,s]} P^{-1}_{\dot{\balpha}} P^{-1}_{\ddot{\balpha}} % E_{s} \Big( \psi_{ \brho_j +\dot{\balpha}}(\mu_jP_{ \dot{\balpha}},\bx) \psi_{ \brho_j +\ddot{\balpha}}(-\mu_jP_{ \ddot{\balpha}},\bx) \Big).\end{gathered}$$ Therefore, $G_{\sigma,\brho_j,\bmu_j}$ does not depend on $(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)$. We fix some $\sigma_0 =(\sigma_{0,1},\sigma_{0,2}) \in \tilde{\Xi}_q$. From and , we obtain $$\hat{\varsigma}_{2q} =\frac{(2q)!}{q! 2^{q}} \sum_{\substack{\rho_{i,j} \in [V_1/2,n], P_{\brho_j} \leq 2^{n+\log_2^3 n}\\ i \in[1,s], j \in [1,q]}} \;\; \sum_{\substack{\mu_j \in I^{\prime}_{n} \\ j \in [1,q]}} % \prod_{j=1}^{q} \frac{2}{|P_{\brho_j}(1-e(\mu_j/P_{\brho_j}))|^2} G_{\sigma_0,\brho_j,\mu_j} .$$ According to , and , we get $$\varsigma_{2q} = \frac{(2q)!}{ q!2^{q}} \prod_{j=1}^{q}\Big( \sum_{\substack{\rho_{i,j} \in [V_1/2,n], i \in[1,s]\\ P_{\brho_j} \leq 2^{n+\log_2^3 n}}} \;\; \sum_{\mu_j \in I^{\prime}_{n} } \frac{2G_{\sigma_0,\brho_j,\mu_j}}{|P_{\brho_j}(1-e(\mu_j/P_{\brho_j}))|^2}\Big) + O(n^{qs-\frac{3}{4}}).$$ Using this statement for $q=1$, we obtain $\varsigma_{2q}=\frac{(2q)!}{ q!2^{q}}\varsigma_{2}^q + O(n^{qs-3/4}) $. Therefore, Lemma 21 is proved.\ \ [**4.2.1. End of the proof of Theorem 2.**]{}\ [**Lemma 22.**]{} [*Let $\bar{\bx}=(x_1,...,x_s,x_{s+1})$ and $\bx =(x_1,...,x_s) $. Then*]{} $$\begin{aligned} \varrho:= & D(\bar{\bx}, \cH_{s+1,N} ) = D(\bx, (H_s(k))_{k=0}^{[Nx_{s+1}]-1} ) + \epsilon_1,\label{Th2-23}\\ & D(\bar{\bx}, \cH^{sym}_{s+1,N} ) = D(\bx, (H_s(k))_{k=-[Nx_{s+1}]}^{[Nx_{s+1}]-1} ) + 4\epsilon_2, \quad |\epsilon_i| \leq 1 ,\; i=1,2. \label{Th2-23a}\end{aligned}$$ [**Proof.**]{} We will prove the first statement. The proof of the second statement is similar. From and , we have $$\varrho= \card \{ 0 \leq k <N \;| \; \phi_i(k) <x_i, \; i=1,..,s,\; k/N < x_{s+1}\} - x_1 \cdots x_s x_{s+1} N.$$ Hence $$\begin{gathered} \card \{ 0 \leq k <[Nx_{s+1}] \;| \; \phi_i(k) <x_i, \; i=1,..,s\} - x_1 \cdots x_s[Nx_{s+1}] -1 \leq \varrho \\ \leq \card \{ 0 \leq k <[Nx_{s+1}] \;| \; \phi_i(k) <x_i, \; i=1,..,s\} - x_1 \cdots x_s[Nx_{s+1}] +1.\end{gathered}$$ Therefore, Lemma 22 is proved.\ \ [**Lemma 23.**]{} [*With notations as above*]{} $$\begin{gathered} \label{Th2-24a} \varrho:=E_{s+1}( D^{\sh}(\bar{\bx}, \cH_{s+1,N} ) ) = E_{s+1}(\sD_{T_{s},\sh,2}(0,[Nx_{s+1}] )) + O( n^{ \sh s /2 -1/10 }),\; \; s\geq 3,\\ % E_{s+1}( D^{\sh}(\bar{\bx}, \cH_{s+1,N}^{sym} ) ) = E_{s+1}(\sD_{T_{s},\sh,2}(-[Nx_{s+1}],2[Nx_{s+1}]-1 ))\end{gathered}$$ $ + O( n^{ \sh s /2 -1/10})$ for $s=2$.\ \ [**Proof.**]{} Consider the first estimate. Let $ \ddot{\sD}([Nx_{s+1}])= D(\bar{\bx}, \cH_{s+1,N} ) -\sD_{T_{s}}(0,[Nx_{s+1}]) $ and $ \tilde{\sD}(0,[Nx_{s+1}])= D(\bx, (H(k))_{k=0}^{[Nx_{s+1}]-1} ) -\sD_{T_{s}}(0,[Nx_{s+1}]) $. According to Lemma 22, we have $|\ddot{\sD}([Nx

[ 29, 9, 3474, 6268, 1450, 2703, 64, 1374, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 29, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 1018, 11, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 29, 9, 3474, 1018, 11, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 380, 30159, 38706, 1364, 452, 253, 1072, 2978, 281, 320, 4503, 187, 50276, 10975, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 643, 10, 1030, 28, 535, 50276, 605, 35116, 3294, 2392, 326, 16384, 253, 4229, 2876, 715, 247, 2876, 64, 1374, 806, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 6268, 1450, 2703, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 6268, 1450, 2703, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 6268, 1450, 2703, 64, 1374, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 6268, 1450, 2703, 64, 1374, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 30159, 2776, 7, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 1018, 11, 38309, 558, 187, 50276, 8471, 7301, 5572, 381, 9, 3474, 1018, 11, 298, 11285, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 38309, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 18312, 84, 30159, 2776, 347, 2876, 187, 50276, 8471, 6268, 1450, 33203, 7, 5572, 14193, 9, 8400, 1450, 33203, 7, 7684, 13, 1030, 30159, 2776, 7, 10928, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 15185, 1863, 1212, 494, 4473, 3058, 323, 23762, 2193, 15, 2594, 27, 3944, 1358, 257, 15, 14161, 14005, 15, 681, 16, 88, 16, 14161, 16, 31503, 16, 12455, 1212, 494, 187, 50276, 8471, 2991, 22101, 9, 26028, 2776, 298, 11285, 13, 30159, 2776, 38309, 558, 535, 50276, 605, 4235, 522, 767, 30159, 38706, 407, 46108, 253, 6944, 3541, 434, 2600, 187, 50276, 4353, 22101, 9, 26028, 2776, 7, 643, 558, 535, 6885, 27, 187, 50276, 3615, 11, 1030, 795, 6441, 28, 187, 50276, 3474, 1979, 64, 85, 795, 36116, 64, 3985, 28, 187, 50276, 3474, 7301, 795, 628, 84, 64, 20704, 426, 2032, 28, 187, 4718, 187, 187, 94, 50276, 605, 12953, 258, 993, 2204, 187, 38, 39828, 314, 23724, 775, 1169, 3617, 1832, 2, 187, 187, 2374, 776, 4143, 281, 253, 8221, 23246, 15963, 13, 313, 4609, 369, 816, 8884, 247, 7671, 28060, 2170, 1955, 281, 8762, 10, 359, 1313, 40103, 13, 271, 13988, 3416, 665, 2210, 281, 755, 12682, 15, 1500, 2183, 441, 849, 703, 5262, 253, 1390, 1643, 1897, 31702, 617, 36507, 534, 1694, 653, 645, 264, 285, 6337, 1977, 15, 1500, 4720, 1119, 731, 275, 247, 13392, 476, 22267, 15, 40103, 1694, 747, 33957, 285, 35731, 14782, 617, 747, 12682, 327, 253, 1039, 1728, 15, 21276, 9767, 1094, 27, 15670, 20577, 48077, 8, 12079, 42631, 275, 399, 602, 4325, 3032, 27069, 46185, 187, 187, 37, 14250, 3928, 4412, 10158, 20577, 48077, 556, 5087, 2021, 2758, 390, 9341, 597, 1211, 625, 685, 370, 2227, 13, 933, 432, 521, 4544, 8064, 13, 2556, 281, 914, 25525, 4913, 434, 2278, 273, 521, 4544, 15065, 5012, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1635, 13, 846, 521, 6132, 275, 4596, 5403, 13, 48077, 3135, 10054, 28275, 323, 521, 4544, 3906, 13, 534, 2486, 247, 2264, 273, 370, 1619, 13, 933, 323, 4481, 14874, 313, 266, 3388, 273, 370, 45386, 591, 7830, 13, 285, 436, 1057, 417, 2486, 521, 894, 4481, 582, 370, 1797, 13, 933, 323, 5637, 14874, 4816, 38280, 591, 7830, 582, 370, 21, 13, 18104, 323, 3678, 14874, 4816, 14256, 591, 7830, 582, 370, 21, 13, 1518, 323, 23298, 1557, 14874, 4816, 13743, 591, 7830, 582, 370, 19, 13, 7554, 323, 1824, 14874, 4816, 7749, 591, 7830, 10, 285, 370, 18104, 323, 13965, 8667, 14874, 4816, 1630, 591, 7830, 481, 187, 187, 510, 7596, 310, 13, 521, 10058, 4544, 3906, 10764, 2317, 342, 247, 3055, 2136, 9633, 407, 48077, 285, 521, 4475, 13, 5043, 247, 17167, 273, 643, 9341, 9633, 407, 2021, 2758, 13, 285, 352, 434, 417, 2590, 432, 253, 5012, 604, 1110, 9341, 403, 10054, 616, 3894, 273, 253, 11839, 14874, 15, 187, 187, 1773, 31324, 4544, 8064, 323, 3367, 897, 310, 1411, 1375, 1569, 15, 187, 187, 2447, 25525, 4913, 3597, 12889, 281, 1642, 48077, 670, 253, 34293, 432, 521, 4544, 8064, 13, 533, 344, 1904, 626, 3794, 281, 3542, 3533, 285, 2067, 4481, 5841, 13, 3707, 281, 4138, 949, 247, 18082, 1969, 521, 19338, 1969, 326, 344, 556, 2218, 2717, 3430, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 1107, 13, 253, 7145, 273, 8698, 24496, 4377, 38715, 285, 18267, 5720, 2822, 12772, 4913, 556, 644, 247, 1273, 1728, 281, 253, 3286, 6834, 13, 285, 352, 434, 417, 1892, 281, 2096, 2139, 15, 380, 767, 9195, 344, 21186, 387, 2030, 2405, 285, 2030, 1671, 13993, 44, 2071, 19122, 15, 1978, 521, 2021, 275, 2810, 18326, 281, 1016, 643, 13, 285, 48077, 4270, 521, 1569, 3946, 387, 2030, 2405, 13993, 44, 1078, 14004, 1076, 8786, 20358, 90, 1608, 645, 281, 2489, 253, 1375, 434, 806, 2806, 3286, 6834, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2317, 387, 2030, 2405, 310, 13598, 407, 247, 401, 21718, 3313, 13927, 7789, 326, 344, 21186, 342, 4475, 308, 32028, 13, 617, 3569, 25021, 2136, 313, 3594, 515, 26718, 27211, 447, 582, 19338, 32211, 434, 1345, 2493, 2567, 313, 56, 5259, 18817, 10, 285, 2790, 353, 698, 1720, 2711, 641, 15, 48077, 671, 7303, 281, 29684, 521, 4544, 17929, 715, 253, 374, 13, 26, 1610, 14, 15044, 14, 8938, 2170, 15, 3900, 359, 497, 417, 7169, 776, 2748, 281, 16030, 253, 18702, 13, 399, 11338, 2529, 352, 347, 346, 66, 26348, 14, 10306, 2317, 594, 689, 32910, 4861, 352, 434, 247, 1061, 1197, 273, 247, 17929, 449, 187, 187, 510, 5012, 2486, 247, 29023, 1618, 273, 10762, 281, 521, 17772, 8, 9341, 15, 9658, 731, 369, 370, 1099, 13, 933, 5087, 281, 308, 14, 2809, 14068, 17218, 68, 1715, 66, 323, 17052, 39529, 285, 33054, 327, 29686, 6258, 275, 5403, 13, 2112, 342, 308, 14, 39529, 323, 253, 346, 18681, 366, 3436, 13, 1668, 5008, 3, 285, 346, 39302, 6112, 3, 275, 4695, 15, 380, 15454, 369, 5087, 370, 1797, 13, 933, 281, 28335, 9449, 285, 32678, 4676, 285, 281, 2085, 2739, 323, 253, 11772, 285, 20915, 8955, 323, 17446, 48077, 13, 20577, 434, 18796, 15, 13916, 369, 671, 5087, 370, 1237, 13, 933, 323, 4544, 789, 285, 23762, 8888, 13, 285, 1529, 4103, 13, 3667, 18709, 48077, 13, 556, 644, 5087, 370, 24, 13, 933, 347, 247, 4544, 12954, 15, 313, 1231, 1472, 417, 2119, 752, 2954, 3667, 18709, 556, 281, 20577, 2698, 1876, 533, 370, 20, 13, 5388, 273, 253, 10762, 281, 13916, 285, 3667, 18709, 497, 1160, 846, 48077, 369, 10544, 15, 187, 187, 28144, 13, 48077, 2361, 247, 370, 1235, 13, 933, 275, 14, 11258, 23672, 275, 5215, 432, 6865, 24324, 38174, 15, 496, 14, 11258, 23866, 403, 9021, 273, 10229, 390, 3238, 347, 10066, 281, 2583, 13, 285, 253, 3753, 273, 253, 23672, 310, 12744, 1754, 327, 253, 12108, 15, 380, 6112, 29686, 6307, 33093, 23866, 432, 18674, 281, 3569, 9183, 13, 285, 15927, 403, 2626, 14, 14577, 11664, 19844, 13, 2556, 281, 253, 2127, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2127, 671, 3054, 326, 2757, 2392, 1364, 30210, 4514, 271, 8399, 28, 2299, 13, 347, 3286, 6834, 13, 581, 651, 5467, 48077, 310, 7615, 342, 253, 1569, 15, 8969, 24367, 11436, 84, 13, 19041, 2087, 5067, 342, 253, 6112, 21482, 5399, 13, 11424, 326, 253, 1569, 310, 21248, 5001, 849, 281, 3653, 1880, 3095, 30210, 25026, 271, 9676, 7680, 15, 346, 1147, 434, 1633, 368, 651, 1007, 387, 327, 247, 1083, 14, 1615, 14, 5045, 3720, 937, 344, 2296, 15, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 671, 1896, 326, 48077, 18298, 281, 4271, 253, 7680, 347, 3551, 432, 247, 3569, 2250, 9353, 13, 534, 310, 247, 3055, 1387, 10932, 281, 1329, 3374, 390, 9183, 13, 533, 344, 11210, 626, 10974, 281, 9762, 281, 21184, 327, 253, 23672, 15, 313, 9873, 1831, 569, 403, 4136, 281, 2794, 4858, 31136, 84, 281, 37346, 9021, 281, 9183, 2698, 187, 187, 30658, 7232, 8, 4544, 5012, 671, 1804, 326, 344, 778, 320, 14761, 3006, 253, 28275, 285, 643, 4815, 323, 521, 4060, 2567, 285, 643, 9341, 9628, 2317, 342, 521, 4544, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 3653, 1880, 521, 4544, 310, 275, 958, 10054, 253, 2862, 11839, 14874, 323, 253, 2867, 387, 2030, 2405, 13993, 44, 2071, 19122, 15, 390, 4931, 1014, 1110, 273, 253, 3652, 344, 21186, 1735, 3369, 13, 359, 18203, 521, 4653, 637, 13, 32211, 48077, 13, 285, 2546, 323, 10125, 273, 2800, 41271, 1078, 7004, 3533, 15, 187, 187, 3, 42, 717, 625, 685, 2762, 368, 403, 6600, 273, 253, 1375, 6645, 347, 352, 7033, 281, 4544, 15065, 12222, 285, 253, 9610, 6095, 937, 20577, 48077, 753, 275, 247, 3908, 15, 346, 1231, 452, 35037, 342, 436, 6645, 347, 352, 7033, 281, 9610, 4544, 12222, 449, 187, 187, 1231, 1694, 896, 275, 5181, 342, 32211, 13, 15571, 776, 4468, 5001, 2067, 273, 253, 10762, 13, 1690, 247, 370, 21, 13, 5388, 5637, 6007, 432, 4163, 4695, 285, 370, 22, 13, 933, 5087, 281, 8966, 8302, 323, 3652, 9363, 15, 380, 2953, 7117, 323, 8302, 13, 9934, 1706, 2398, 4123, 19672, 13, 6569, 281, 320, 253, 3438, 12913, 273, 20577, 434, 20606, 13, 2752, 1378, 261, 401, 38814, 8302, 48077, 13, 665, 4962, 275, 4596, 5215, 15, 32211, 369, 7591, 281, 5513, 253, 14874, 390, 4271, 849, 8302, 310, 2905, 281, 20577, 13, 285, 840, 344, 3534, 441, 1529, 3908, 15, 187, 187, 3, 20517, 13, 591, 1375, 6645, 13, 359, 452, 35037, 342, 9610, 6095, 285, 4544, 26671, 4803, 937, 20577, 753, 15, 187, 187, 28050, 6883, 253, 1273, 3908, 432, 20577, 13, 359, 2546, 32211, 3066, 299, 14, 5719, 1880, 326, 5486, 48077, 5082, 626, 921, 441, 667, 41271, 390, 3662, 1480, 3533, 327, 253, 34293, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 10974, 2568, 969, 342, 247, 39824, 2380, 432, 20577, 15, 346, 1898, 969, 13, 359, 452, 35037, 342, 9610, 6095, 285, 4544, 26671, 4803, 449, 187, 187, 1231, 840, 39010, 884, 3533, 281, 32211, 327, 8216, 2360, 5001, 20577, 434, 5012, 15, 754, 11210, 626, 10974, 281, 7418, 4481, 5841, 285, 299, 14, 42453, 15, 187, 187, 8430, 20577, 2506, 626, 2454, 247, 3625, 16871, 13, 32211, 556, 11106, 20577, 434, 10000, 10130, 275, 2045, 299, 14, 42453, 285, 4481, 16072, 347, 4606, 2139, 344, 434, 2668, 594, 1048, 281, 2085, 7234, 15, 754, 556, 644, 46232, 342, 305, 23351, 25922, 7431, 7641, 5219, 13, 9635, 5963, 7431, 21710, 29306, 13, 9635, 28845, 7431, 3196, 15, 3599, 5830, 26424, 285, 2571, 15, 187, 187, 4967, 310, 253, 15670, 27086, 281, 5513, 521, 5012, 32, 6089, 13, 627, 434, 436, 27, 5238, 30135, 15, 20151, 273, 253, 6112, 29686, 6307, 13, 534, 33093, 253, 9436, 273, 4544, 8064, 281, 3367, 897, 1969, 347, 275, 1053, 626, 2075, 634, 3055, 2136, 434, 4481, 6007, 13, 390, 634, 4475, 434, 13, 342, 4544, 2583, 15, 48077, 11719, 17587, 5637, 13, 3678, 13, 4481, 13, 13965, 285, 1824, 14874, 342, 4544, 8064, 13, 534, 310, 417, 19772, 407, 1569, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 1979, 273, 253, 10762, 5936, 326, 344, 434, 417, 19860, 253, 6007, 875, 253, 9341, 326, 3894, 253, 2317, 387, 2030, 2405, 13993, 44, 2071, 19122, 904, 1677, 253, 1979, 273, 253, 14874, 285, 253, 10058, 2317, 273, 253, 3652, 15, 187, 187, 1231, 2546, 48077, 670, 326, 13, 533, 969, 13, 344, 1904, 626, 3794, 15, 187, 187, 37356, 342, 253, 370, 22, 13, 933, 275, 3652, 9363, 5087, 281, 8966, 8302, 13, 48077, 671, 5262, 370, 18, 13, 5388, 281, 452, 26050, 274, 8965, 8038, 846, 10054, 370, 18, 13, 32174, 275, 4437, 5215, 323, 25931, 1563, 247, 2740, 14, 249, 15, 1244, 13515, 846, 521, 6132, 13, 48077, 3407, 16959, 10762, 327, 247, 4382, 313, 21470, 745, 846, 370, 22, 13, 1518, 582, 247, 5440, 1321, 4816, 1010, 13, 933, 5262, 594, 2080, 285, 15496, 10, 285, 247, 8888, 5145, 4816, 1093, 13, 10695, 285, 15496, 481, 733, 434, 12744, 1880, 841, 403, 1146, 908, 407, 667, 273, 253, 643, 9341, 9628, 2317, 342, 521, 4544, 15, 187, 187, 19799, 643, 34293, 27, 370, 21, 13, 2313, 5087, 323, 42628, 800, 10855, 846, 521 ]

<(const std::string_view& lhs, const FixedString& rhs); friend bool operator<(const FixedString& lhs, const char* rhs); friend bool operator<(const char* lhs, const FixedString& rhs); // The FixedStrings must have the same length to be equal bool operator==(const FixedString& other) const; // Regular comparators that wrap the fixed string into a string_view first friend bool operator==(const FixedString& lhs, const std::string& rhs); friend bool operator==(const std::string& lhs, const FixedString& rhs); friend bool operator==(const FixedString& lhs, const std::string_view& rhs); friend bool operator==(const std::string_view& lhs, const FixedString& rhs); friend bool operator==(const FixedString& lhs, const char* rhs); friend bool operator==(const char* lhs, const FixedString& rhs); // Prints FixedString as string friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const FixedString& obj); // Support swappable concept needed for sorting values. See: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Swappable friend void swap(FixedString lhs, FixedString rhs); // Swap two FixedStrings by exchanging the underlying memory's content void swap(FixedString& other); protected: char* const _mem; const size_t _maximum_length; const bool _owns_memory = true; }; } // namespace opossum Elderly Woman Chases Goats! On our visit to the Navajo Nation, (which was just declared a Federal Emergency area due to snow) we met Dorothy, an elderly woman who came to get shoes. She told us how she spent the last few days chasing her goats which got spooked and ran away. She finally found them in a distant canyon. Dorothy got new socks and proudly wore her new shoes on the way home.Family Affair: DA Craig Watkins' Family Rolling in Dough From His Campaign Funds Dallas County District Attorney Craig Watkins has paid family members or businesses they own more than $85,000 from his campaign funds, according to Unfair Park's review of his campaign finance reports. In addition, after his election in November 2006, Watkins begin paying utilities for his campaign office, which include a total of $28,000 for phone bills (an average of $820 per payment, and this does not include his cell phone), $21,000 for electric bills ($630 per payment), $4,900 for gas bills ($220 per payment), $4,200 for lawn care bills ($135 per payment), $2,300 for water bills ($110 per payment) and $900 for alarm monitoring bills ($27 per payment). The trouble is, his tiny campaign office shares space with a private business owned by Watkins and his wife, plus a handful of other businesses owned by family members, and it's not clear from the reports if those businesses are paying their share of the utility bills. Converting campaign funds for personal use is against state law. Unfair Park tried repeatedly to ask Watkins about the expenditures from his campaign funds, but he didn't respond to written questions and several phone calls, except to assert through a spokesman -- his cousin -- that he has done nothing wrong. For years, the corner of Martin Luther King Boulevard and Atlanta Street near Fair Park has been a second home to the district attorney, and it's not hard to understand why. The two buildings he owns at 2531 and 2535 MLK Blvd. keep his family in close proximity to each other, and Watkins built his law practice at 2531 MLK before upsetting Republican Toby Shook to become the state's first black district attorney. The space at 2531 is occupied by a Fidelity National Title branch that he owns with wife Tanya, her political consulting business (Grass Root Strategies), cousin Kurt's public relations company (W Public Relations) and Pat Mays Realtors. Watkins also managed to squeeze his campaign headquarters into the 2,933-square-foot area. While we were not granted our request to inspect the premises, D magazine described it as "a closet-sized space so overcrowded it's a parody of a headquarters." The reports include a laundry list of payments to his relatives' businesses. Among them was $25,000 paid to T-Shirts Etcetera for sweatshirts and hats on Election Day in 2006, along with T-shirts for the "Senate 26, 16 convention" and "Obama Texas" in 2008. The Bridge was paid $21,000 to cater Christmas and Thanksgiving parties and to provide food for the wake and funeral dinner for Ted Watkins, Craig's uncle. Greg was also paid $32,000 for campaign work and sorting mail, and another relative, Reggie Watkins, has been paid $7,000 as a campaign worker. (We're not sure what relationship Reggie has to Craig.) All but $3,500 of the payments to Greg and Reggie were made after Watkins was elected. Additionally, Watkins reported a $50,000 in-kind donation in 2007 from Time Warner Cable. In-kind donations are contributions of goods or services as opposed to money, and the nature of the donation is unclear based on the filing. The Texas Election Code prohibits donations from corporations to political candidates, and violations are third-degree felonies, according to the code. The code also states that violators must knowingly commit an offense; however, as district attorney, one would assume Watkins is familiar with the law. Tim Sorrells, deputy general counsel with the Texas Ethics Commission, explains that the law is vague regarding how to determine whether someone knowingly accepts an illegal contribution. "It's something you would look at on a case-by-case basis," he says. It's also possible that Watkins forgot to identify the contribution as coming from a political action committee, which is a private group organized to support issues or candidates, but he hasn't responded to requests to elaborate on the donation. (Corporations are allowed to create separate PACs to funnel contributions to candidates.) Watkins' campaign reports also suggest that he may be subsidizing the utilities and other costs for his title company and other businesses sharing space with his campaign. To determine whether his campaign is in fact paying the entire utility bills for the property at 2531 MLK Blvd. or perhaps even those of the building he owns next door, we contacted his PR man, Kurt Watkins, and asked for copies of six receipts before asking questions. "I am more than positive you are aware of the state statute as it relates to campaign finance expenses and the reporting requirements," Craig Watkins said in a statement. "We have complied with this statute as it relates to reporting campaign expenses." We got back in touch with Kurt, explaining our concern regarding several of the payments, including a $4,500 electric bill from July 2008 and $5,000 paid to Henry Jones for building maintenance. The address listed for Jones, 6834 Marla Drive, happens to be the former residence of Craig's grandmother, Myrtis Faye Jones Watkins, who died in November 2007. Kurt was unable to explain the bills or identify how Jones is related to Craig, and then he gave us another statement. "Again, per state statute, we have complied with reporting requirements and campaign expenditure rules," Craig said. Upon receiving the second statement from Craig, we asked Kurt via e-mail whether that meant Watkins wouldn't show us any receipts or answer direct questions on the expenditures. He responded yet again with a guarded response from Craig. "And again, we have complied with reporting requirements and campaign expenditure rules." We then forwarded 10 questions to Kurt on Thursday night regarding Craig's reports. He hasn't responded to numerous phone calls and e-mails. Although Craig doesn't face a primary opponent, Kurt has cited Craig's busy schedule in previous e-mails and phone conversations as reasons why he's taken so long to provide statements. He has been campaigning with gubernatorial candidate Bill White, county judge candidate Clay Jenkins, county commissioner candidate Dr. Elba Garcia and others. Why is the DA unwilling to explain his reports? Well, there's this: Section 253.035 of the Texas Election Code, which prohibits the conversion of campaign funds to personal use -- as in don't pay your private business's phone bill, or your wife's, with campaign money. Watkins regularly pays electric, gas, phone, alarm and water bills with campaign funds, which is not prohibited by law. However, the size of the payments suggests that he's not splitting the bill between the businesses that share the space at 2531 MLK Blvd., given the size of the bills and the tiny space of the building. We asked Watkins about that, but again, he didn't respond. Along with the $5,000 in building maintenance paid to Henry Jones, Watkins also spent $1,500 to have burglar bars installed after paying $1,850 in October 2007 for repairs following a break-in. And shortly after his election, Watkins began lease payments on a computer (paid off after $5,200), a copier ($15,000 spent so far and counting) and a mail machine ($18,800 and counting). It's unclear whether these are being used by any of the other businesses sharing space with his campaign. Among other expenditures: $4,100 paid for commemorative plates after his

[ 3550, 1542, 4236, 1318, 281, 9763, 327, 4236, 5382, 4391, 187, 187, 53, 11729, 281, 1509, 253, 4236, 1318, 534, 310, 5974, 301, 275, 436, 1083, 281, 22929, 5232, 15, 187, 3145, 187, 33, 5302, 313, 26592, 15, 24393, 5232, 1587, 11927, 38403, 995, 346, 18686, 995, 1826, 551, 2654, 30, 7104, 15, 39095, 1838, 2023, 7191, 6942, 15, 8983, 1228, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 33, 26592, 15, 24475, 10854, 2765, 2214, 9, 78, 3001, 278, 15, 39095, 1838, 13, 10031, 15, 11927, 2765, 13, 346, 7845, 16551, 995, 1826, 551, 327, 4168, 426, 346, 2520, 15, 630, 15, 21399, 1874, 3, 13985, 187, 94, 187, 187, 8929, 12121, 187, 1345, 12121, 9179, 28143, 38403, 9, 565, 2654, 10, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 2044, 8692, 426, 313, 4064, 391, 275, 10726, 15, 1267, 7273, 24937, 835, 391, 15, 36303, 64, 2618, 2295, 2654, 3609, 391, 481, 1992, 2765, 1874, 187, 50270, 2309, 9182, 9, 5374, 558, 50266, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 187, 7104, 187, 4387, 966, 28143, 7104, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 4387, 5552, 29, 10004, 2765, 5475, 31, 28143, 2765, 551, 755, 28, 873, 28, 748, 187, 50274, 4387, 540, 5974, 1838, 551, 755, 28, 873, 28, 748, 187, 50274, 4387, 2876, 5974, 2402, 551, 755, 28, 873, 28, 748, 187, 94, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 71, 3341, 15433, 562, 187, 3145, 187, 1214, 5302, 313, 26592, 15, 24393, 5232, 1587, 11927, 38403, 995, 346, 18686, 995, 7191, 6942, 15, 8983, 1228, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 33, 26592, 15, 24475, 10854, 2765, 2214, 9, 78, 3001, 278, 15, 39095, 1838, 13, 10031, 15, 11927, 2765, 13, 346, 7845, 16551, 995, 1826, 551, 327, 4168, 426, 346, 2520, 15, 630, 15, 21399, 1874, 3, 13985, 187, 94, 187, 187, 9019, 187, 4387, 12121, 9179, 28143, 38403, 9, 11927, 7104, 32765, 3550, 10, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 565, 2654, 426, 32765, 3550, 15, 39095, 1838, 28, 187, 50270, 2044, 8692, 426, 313, 4064, 391, 275, 10726, 15, 1267, 7273, 24937, 835, 391, 15, 36303, 64, 2618, 2295, 2654, 3609, 391, 481, 1992, 2765, 1874, 187, 50270, 2309, 9182, 9, 5374, 558, 50266, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50, 27, 187, 187, 2347, 281, 3630, 253, 1563, 21165, 275, 34340, 32, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 2820, 281, 4853, 247, 4086, 275, 6520, 326, 588, 9232, 247, 346, 9961, 25178, 2876, 3446, 187, 34, 1554, 25178, 2876, 310, 247, 2876, 326, 7866, 342, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 27, 15078, 1383, 7637, 342, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 13, 285, 476, 13905, 689, 2709, 3104, 15, 187, 2214, 1650, 27, 50276, 187, 35033, 1552, 310, 187, 266, 1650, 273, 187, 66, 1554, 25178, 187, 2703, 35033, 187, 187, 2598, 619, 3177, 387, 436, 369, 436, 27, 50276, 187, 6, 92, 187, 4, 3709, 29, 74, 33203, 31, 187, 5302, 6268, 1450, 28644, 28, 187, 5302, 6268, 1450, 36528, 28, 187, 187, 6, 94, 187, 187, 38299, 42, 64, 44614, 64, 9639, 50274, 6267, 14249, 15, 3577, 79, 2888, 35033, 187, 187, 7847, 187, 187, 92, 38299, 42, 64, 44614, 64, 9639, 94, 50276, 92, 28644, 14193, 3, 25302, 1147, 1476, 22866, 50275, 187, 187, 7847, 187, 187, 565, 2022, 9, 565, 46090, 13, 1018, 11, 39989, 47093, 551, 535, 50274, 12502, 249, 30, 71, 5758, 1587, 2566, 15, 10134, 995, 346, 83, 3287, 535, 50274, 338, 6522, 12502, 249, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 28644, 14193, 3, 12502, 249, 310, 5812, 3, 14193, 36528, 28, 187, 50270, 2309, 337, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 12502, 1591, 1874, 187, 50274, 2309, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 7371, 2987, 323, 253, 3280, 27, 187, 35033, 1552, 310, 187, 66, 4471, 187, 1282, 187, 2703, 2, 35033, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 187, 8826, 3632, 187, 1156, 187, 187, 510, 3453, 310, 27, 187, 25302, 1147, 2, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 187, 8826, 3632, 187, 1156, 187, 187, 2858, 1057, 417, 789, 313, 263, 13, 281, 320, 625, 7899, 13, 11330, 3430, 3453, 10, 323, 436, 3280, 27, 50276, 187, 35033, 1552, 310, 187, 66, 4471, 187, 1282, 187, 2703, 2, 35033, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 187, 8826, 3632, 187, 1156, 187, 187, 35033, 395, 436, 187, 261, 1529, 187, 9961, 25178, 187, 2703, 35033, 2490, 187, 7371, 11330, 27, 187, 25302, 1147, 2, 187, 187, 1552, 1921, 310, 984, 619, 4086, 2296, 27, 187, 3, 22798, 323, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 13, 3560, 407, 667, 1896, 1894, 13, 3560, 407, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 995, 187, 2858, 2581, 13, 352, 943, 1333, 27, 187, 3, 22798, 323, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 13, 3560, 407, 667, 1896, 1894, 3707, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 13, 3560, 407, 1264, 30828, 1658, 1041, 3446, 187, 2347, 476, 309, 513, 326, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 2214, 247, 2969, 2297, 318, 751, 436, 13, 352, 310, 4942, 3477, 281, 3989, 247, 3963, 2048, 27, 187, 3, 6267, 21288, 9, 5180, 6038, 93, 8, 5180, 6038, 93, 6267, 5180, 6038, 2888, 3, 6267, 21288, 535, 187, 17786, 20626, 15, 44733, 313, 36122, 10, 187, 23568, 367, 15, 19, 69, 37345, 187, 9707, 20466, 10449, 3481, 8360, 10579, 6570, 3481, 3003, 45893, 3481, 20467, 33082, 3481, 3003, 26090, 3481, 611, 19038, 1719, 13, 22706, 13, 187, 87, 15, 187, 35, 6366, 418, 15, 4392, 2277, 3299, 1139, 13, 38175, 904, 7499, 24831, 1410, 611, 15, 4392, 2277, 3299, 1139, 13, 43374, 1400, 4392, 2277, 3299, 1139, 322, 5543, 37118, 13, 1162, 355, 904, 27528, 15, 187, 2302, 15, 7609, 13, 28757, 187, 31177, 2111, 273, 15391, 15, 187, 48, 22104, 4724, 4565, 1249, 13, 22824, 15, 187, 27515, 411, 15, 13105, 40590, 13, 273, 3506, 300, 1751, 13, 9125, 253, 2847, 285, 12294, 584, 329, 15, 18056, 610, 13, 273, 6470, 1758, 13, 369, 342, 779, 327, 253, 32852, 323, 253, 21142, 15, 187, 2347, 472, 411, 15, 22663, 13, 273, 500, 4346, 3228, 13, 9125, 253, 2847, 13, 285, 8652, 23972, 67, 4584, 13, 7252, 399, 15, 39159, 285, 7727, 401, 15, 34184, 13, 512, 273, 500, 4346, 3228, 13, 497, 342, 779, 327, 253, 32852, 323, 253, 21113, 15, 187, 510, 4743, 273, 253, 1302, 369, 8549, 407, 187, 43, 8100, 8301, 13, 500, 12567, 187, 510, 5986, 273, 10286, 4724, 4176, 275, 253, 3286, 1302, 281, 7107, 4060, 281, 1524, 8304, 1411, 253, 21142, 347, 7159, 15, 2732, 12108, 247, 3200, 281, 9974, 285, 247, 3200, 281, 1056, 253, 5266, 475, 23, 1797, 625, 19040, 285, 253, 17797, 16292, 273, 753, 14462, 407, 253, 2332, 1302, 13, 7159, 4724, 247, 1471, 321, 6554, 281, 3482, 434, 5266, 2220, 253, 9905, 27, 337, 15, 2064, 2067, 5997, 273, 2250, 497, 28203, 7416, 275, 753, 5266, 15, 374, 15, 2064, 253, 5266, 858, 417, 1375, 5441, 4209, 281, 12647, 247, 2847, 273, 2250, 15, 187, 510, 2332, 1302, 34310, 253, 1471, 321, 6554, 285, 3534, 7159, 673, 281, 3662, 15, 7820, 13, 7159, 20652, 253, 1340, 273, 253, 1302, 17797, 16292, 253, 1471, 321, 6554, 281, 436, 1302, 15, 733, 778, 320, 753, 326, 7159, 513, 417, 9059, 275, 616, 4864, 253, 1840, 14462, 390, 326, 627, 310, 667, 15785, 275, 253, 806, 3216, 7616, 275, 253, 1840, 1471, 321, 6554, 15, 380, 7934, 1953, 1024, 1078, 253, 1302, 310, 1880, 253, 5266, 4767, 247, 2847, 273, 2250, 15, 187, 510, 5986, 273, 10286, 275, 697, 5266, 5575, 326, 352, 369, 253, 7302, 273, 253, 2529, 1524, 8304, 275, 47185, 9635, 275, 9801, 2969, 285, 369, 275, 10023, 10445, 28, 326, 352, 574, 644, 275, 1527, 285, 10021, 10023, 273, 253, 1524, 8304, 323, 625, 685, 15342, 1107, 762, 285, 407, 16968, 273, 247, 22793, 15483, 4565, 1903, 13, 37400, 13, 432, 21804, 418, 15, 16647, 285, 47320, 353, 15, 16647, 13, 840, 5938, 285, 4475, 15, 187, 34, 3491, 273, 253, 22793, 369, 7660, 281, 253, 5266, 347, 271, 10738, 13, 285, 352, 310, 2011, 326, 253, 18028, 13604, 10445, 9563, 275, 629, 347, 3637, 27, 187, 3, 3074, 273, 15204, 11057, 13728, 313, 740, 10, 275, 16647, 434, 6528, 281, 253, 3228, 273, 388, 2158, 1299, 13, 281, 320, 13598, 285, 908, 407, 753, 3128, 273, 253, 1273, 629, 697, 2323, 641, 285, 39360, 13, 323, 1345, 6629, 347, 2530, 407, 253, 5323, 273, 253, 2418, 273, 15391, 1024, 275, 3490, 390, 38492, 281, 320, 23552, 13, 285, 323, 642, 643, 4096, 449, 187, 510, 5266, 273, 253, 5986, 273, 10286, 4428, 253, 1563, 26215, 12494, 17691, 253, 15851, 27, 187, 3, 510, 1840, 4907, 7159, 13, 285, 1016, 273, 731, 13, 1750, 690, 4060, 13, 8304, 390, 1600, 275, 390, 23480, 2220, 253, 1524, 8304, 1840, 2529, 13, 10021, 281, 253, 3482, 13, 253, 3242, 3753, 273, 534, 1750, 310, 7202, 281, 253, 3482, 13, 533, 5293, 273, 253, 753, 7159, 452, 667, 4060, 13, 8304, 390, 1600, 275, 253, 753, 1524, 8304, 13, 390, 23480, 30134, 13, 285, 753, 3916, 403, 2991, 285, 21105, 18134, 285, 19394, 281, 253, 4060, 285, 987, 273, 10023, 273, 253, 3482, 281, 753, 1524, 8304, 285, 12647, 247, 9005, 2220, 3482, 434, 4060, 449, 187, 19799, 253, 5909, 33295, 273, 253, 4864, 273, 253, 21142, 275, 436, 1302, 13, 359, 1089, 253, 1563, 27, 187, 3, 510, 4116, 273, 253, 1302, 310, 3340, 12470, 281, 253, 958, 326, 253, 760, 4676, 281, 436, 4176, 403, 253, 4098, 1796, 285, 253, 46834, 273, 253, 4098, 263, 273, 253, 22793, 281, 320, 21323, 13, 285, 326, 253, 4098, 1796, 14993, 281, 7107, 4060, 323, 512, 6378, 1411, 697, 4098, 263, 449, 187, 510, 1077, 8943, 7596, 342, 253, 1840, 3908, 387, 253, 1077, 35681, 310, 326, 841, 5441, 513, 417, 3176, 327, 253, 2454, 273, 253, 5266, 15, 3900, 841, 1471, 321, 804, 7159, 403, 4907, 275, 253, 5266, 13, 6747, 475, 50142, 616, 6489, 4543, 667, 987, 390, 1750, 273, 4060, 15823, 281, 731, 310, 10557, 275, 253, 5266, 15, 7820, 13, 253, 5266, 275, 1055, 12325, 326, 7159, 3662, 285, 873, 598, 667, 1750, 273, 4060, 534, 597, 778, 452, 281, 253, 1524, 8304, 275, 1953, 15, 187, 4041, 273, 253, 17172, 285, 1682, 11371, 4803, 273, 26412, 310, 326, 247, 1471, 321, 6554, 588, 3986, 760, 5441, 534, 3176, 275, 253, 26412, 1471, 15064, 281, 15, 1310, 2176, 5441, 403, 3309, 323, 253, 1302, 281, 1908, 275, 8136, 2220, 247, 1953, 273, 1569, 285, 403, 417, 6221, 275, 253, 5266, 13, 247, 3257, 1364, 3662, 285, 24522, 253, 21452, 285, 3309, 5441, 15, 831, 4086, 369, 1805, 7192, 4931, 13, 390, 387, 1878, 369, 6005, 9932, 342, 625, 5434, 281, 253, 3128, 1471, 321, 804, 1078, 253, 41519, 273, 253, 10067, 273, 253, 5079, 2127, 6941, 3257, 281, 19494, 689, 846, 253, 17797, 16292, 273, 247, 1471, 321, 6554, 281, 253, 5266, 15, 9110, 13, 1014, 275, 4980, 3946, 13, 2853, 14, 324, 13337, 1471, 321, 22895, 8138, 673, 273, 253, 4676, 285, 253, 7829, 13, 285, 2572, 253, 2105, 273, 15561, 15, 187, 4041, 273, 253, 806, 2219, 275, 534, 436, 1302, 5469, 253, 4086, 326, 247, 1471, 321, 6554, 4925, 760, 253, 5441, 15602, 327, 253, 2454, 273, 253, 5266, 4620, 281, 452, 644, 2552, 12840, 362, 15, 49813, 13, 337, 20626, 15, 12472, 15, 380, 1072, 8063, 556, 644, 43269, 1142, 2069, 1580, 253, 2552, 12840, 1083, 15, 329, 1643, 273, 253, 1996, 2219, 778, 320, 5393, 27, 411, 2050, 1001, 10079, 2434, 15, 362, 15, 2398, 261, 13, 1903, 20626, 15, 12842, 28, 3729, 18991, 362, 15, 42650, 13, 7251, 20626, 15, 818, 2090, 13, 5571, 9620, 15, 854, 2787, 28, 45214, 2434, 15, 362, 15, 6018, 777, 2205, 13, 10484, 20626, 15, 818, 4148, 13, 5091, 9620, 15, 818, 3593, 28, 28160, 504, 362, 15, 27738, 13, 11487, 20626, 15, 35597, 13, 13278, 9620, 15, 818, 4196, 28, 416, 4462, 1241, 362, 15, 27438, 18730, 708, 2434, 904, 19939, 20626, 15, 608, 3677, 13, 23627, 367, 15, 19, 69, 608, 3677, 28, 8652, 362, 15, 2325, 13077, 293, 13, 18672, 20626, 15, 8255, 13, 26879, 367, 15, 19, 69, 721, 4529, 28, 32064, 455, 362, 15, 49867, 13, 24232, 20626, 15, 43138, 13, 33790, 367, 15, 19, 69, 884, 2055, 28, 13051, 330, 4046, 2434, 15, 362, 15, 15391, 11748, 37333, 17907, 13, 12660, 20626, 15, 818, 2537, 13, 31499, 367, 15, 19, 69, 24347, 28, 34636, 81, 365, 362, 15 ]

listfor selected value to controller on selected item changed Trying to pass the selected value which is studentid in this case to BeginForm. View @using (Html.BeginForm("DDSubmit", "Home",new { id=Model.studentID}, FormMethod.Post)) { @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.studentID, Model.DDList, "Please Select",new { onchange = "this.form.submit();" }) } Controller Action public ActionResult DDSubmit(int id) { var info = (from r in entity.STUDENTS where r.Student_Id == id select r).ToList(); return View(info); } Model public class DDModel { public List<SelectListItem> DDList { get; set; } public int studentID { get; set; } public string studentName { get; set; } } A: finally figured out View @using (Html.BeginForm("DDSubmit", "Home", FormMethod.Post)) { @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.studentID, Model.DDList, "Please Select",new { onchange = "this.form.submit();" }) } Action public ActionResult DDSubmit(DDModel ddlist) { int id = ddlist.studentID; var info = (from r in entity.STUDENTS where r.Student_Id == id select r).ToList(); return View(info); } Q: How to write the following regex in Flex? I'm trying to define a rule in flex that will capture a "multiline string". A multiline string is a string that starts with three apostrophes: ''', ends with three apostrophes, and can span over multiple lines. For example: '''This is an example of a multiline string''' So my attempt at this was this: %{ #include<iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; %} MULTI_LN_STR '''(.|\n)*''' %% {MULTI_LN_STR} {cout<<"GotIt!";} %% int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { yyin=fopen("test.txt", "r"); if (!yyin) { cout<<"yyin is NULL"<<endl; return 1; } yylex(); return 0; } Which works for the input: '''This is a multi line string!''' This is some random text The output is: GotIt! This is some random text but does not work (or, to be more accurate, produces wrong output) for this input: '''This is a multi line string!''' This is some random text '''and this is another multiline string''' Which produces: GotIt! This reason is because my rule says: "scan for three apostrophes, followed by any possible character, followed by three apostrophes", but rather, it should say: "scan for three apostrophes, followed by any possible character except three apostrophes, followed by three apostrophes". How can I do that? A: For a simple negation like this, it is relatively easy to construct a regular expression: "'''"([^']|'[^']|''[^'])*"'''" 185 Kan. 620 (1959) 347 P.2d 369 THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF THE CITY OF HERINGTON OF THE STATE OF KANSAS, Appellee, v. BERT L. THOMPSON, JR., FRANCES K. THOMPSON, HELEN THOMPSON SANDERSON, et al., Appellants. No. 41,479 Supreme Court of Kansas. Opinion filed December 12, 1959. Charles W. Bradshaw, of Abilene, argued the cause and Horace A. Santry, of Salina, was with him on the briefs for the appellants. Howard W. Harper, of Junction City, argued the cause, and Lee Hornbaker, William D. Clement and Richard F. Waters, all of Junction City, were with him on the briefs for the appellee. The opinion of the court was delivered by JACKSON, J.: The Board of Education filed suit in the district court to quiet title to real estate against the appellants as defendants. After filing a motion to strike and a motion to make the petition *621 more definite and the overruling of said motions by the trial court, defendants filed a demurrer to plaintiff's petition upon the grounds: 1. That several causes of action were improperly joined in said petition. 2. That the petition did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. The trial court overruled the demurrer and gave defendants time to answer. Instead, defendants appealed the order of the court overruling the demurrer to this court. It may be said that defendants do not argue in their brief the above motions or that there is any merit in the first ground specified in the above demurrer. The sole question now before the court is whether the petition stated a cause of action. The Board of Education in its petition alleged that it was the owner of the described real estate in Dickinson county in fee simple and was in possession thereof; that it had been in open and adverse possession of the real estate for more than fifteen years under and by virtue of a deed dated December 11, 1905, from Bert L. Thompson and Edith M. Thompson, then husband and wife. A copy of the deed was attached to the petition as an exhibit, and it is shown that the granting clause thereof reads in part as follows: "All of Block Number Ten (10) in Thompson's Addition to the City of Herington, to be occupied and used by said party of the second part its successors and assigns, for public schools as provided by the laws of the State of Kansas now in force or hereafter to be enacted, and for no other purpose." The petition of the Board of Education contains the following concluding paragraph preceding the prayer: "The above named defendants, and each of them, claim some title, estate or interest in or lien upon the real estate above described, adverse to the plaintiff, the exact nature of which claim is unknown to the plaintiff, but none of the said defendants have any title, estate or interest in the said real estate, or lien thereon, and said claims are void and wholly inferior and junior to the title and right of possession of the plaintiff to said real estate and constitute a cloud upon plaintiff's title." Among the opening paragraphs of the brief of the appellants in this court, we find the following: "The attention of the court is especially invited to the fact that the only parties to this suit are the grantee and the heirs of the grantor of the deed to be construed, and that the grantee seeks to quiet title for all purposes against its grantor." The very evident trouble with the above statement at the very outset is that these facts do not appear on the face of the petition. While these demurring defendants are named in the petition, neither *622 their identity nor any right or claim of title belonging to them is disclosed in the petition. Instead, the petition in effect asks that defendants answer and set up any claim of title which they may have to the real estate in question. One of the oldest and best settled rules of pleading is that a demurrer will reach only facts which appear in the pleading demurred to. If certain facts are necessary for the court to consider in passing upon a question of law and are not contained in the petition, a defendant must answer and allege the pertinent and necessary facts. This rule was better understood perhaps, or at least was fraught with more danger to the party demurring before the enactment of the provisions of the civil code allowing defendant to plead over after the overruling of a demurrer to the petition. Yet, even in modern practice, ill-advised demurrers waste time of the parties and the courts, and increase the cost of litigation. One of the first cases in which this court discussed the rule that a demurrer reached only the facts appearing on the face of the petition appears to have been Mayberry v. Kelley, 1 Kan. 116. The same principle has been reiterated many times since the Mayberry case. A few of the later cases may be mentioned: Winfield Town Co. v. Maris, 11 Kan. 128; Northrup v. Willis, 65 Kan. 769, 70 Pac. 879; Manufacturing Co. v. Keckley, 77 Kan. 797, 90 Pac. 781; Riverside v. Bailey, 82 Kan. 429, 108 Pac. 796; Runnels v. Montgomery Ward & Co., 165 Kan. 571, 195 P.2d 571; Lee v. Beuttel, 170 Kan. 54, 223 P.2d 692; Kendall v. Elliot, 177 Kan. 630, 281 P.2d 1088; Anderson Cattle Co. v. Kansas Turnpike Authority, 180 Kan. 749, 308 P.2d 172; Kleppe v.

[ 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 4149, 60, 5025, 62, 426, 18116, 17, 5618, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 6048, 81, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 34948, 20027, 3857, 996, 50273, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 10, 2785, 996, 50274, 9, 81, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 39823, 64, 34948, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 34948, 20027, 3857, 996, 50273, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 23335, 10, 2785, 996, 50274, 9, 81, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 39823, 64, 34948, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 34948, 20027, 3857, 996, 50273, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 26980, 1228, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 22872, 10127, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 10810, 33476, 11477, 3857, 996, 50274, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 10, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 468, 35407, 64, 4251, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 1542, 313, 74, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 8692, 1168, 14774, 64, 6370, 28, 891, 9234, 551, 996, 186, 3373, 426, 1735, 64, 8873, 9, 8340, 13, 44296, 13, 13322, 9, 8531, 1237, 64, 85, 10, 475, 374, 558, 996, 186, 338, 313, 3373, 654, 470, 10, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 79, 13374, 426, 458, 1237, 64, 936, 64, 19411, 9, 8340, 60, 17, 9259, 996, 186, 8101, 426, 458, 1237, 64, 936, 64, 19411, 9, 8340, 60, 18, 9259, 996, 186, 338, 313, 8101, 3857, 2195, 79, 13374, 10, 551, 988, 186, 8015, 9, 16983, 1168, 13393, 13, 346, 328, 9127, 4957, 275, 9484, 2829, 342, 642, 9484, 3287, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 1542, 313, 75, 426, 470, 28, 480, 654, 26644, 28, 480, 9234, 551, 988, 186, 338, 313, 1088, 64, 71, 60, 74, 62, 313, 81, 13, 268, 1168, 14774, 8476, 60, 74, 1570, 2420, 13, 44296, 1228, 2657, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 6886, 186, 81, 1168, 14774, 8476, 60, 74, 1570, 79, 13374, 426, 295, 13374, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 10, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 580, 8476, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 442, 64, 580, 8476, 13, 44296, 13, 391, 64, 22872, 735, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 83, 64, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 30529, 10, 988, 186, 338, 313, 1038, 64, 1088, 64, 3550, 9, 81, 13, 708, 81, 1168, 1038, 64, 3550, 13, 44296, 1228, 2657, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 14337, 64, 3675, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 14337, 64, 8912, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 14337, 64, 8912, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 83, 64, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 13690, 9536, 64, 3125, 19038, 3857, 988, 50274, 17479, 64, 3675, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 44296, 1228, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 2010, 551, 996, 186, 3122, 806, 1239, 253, 14148, 4086, 8336, 13, 840, 253, 7990, 7180, 1738, 996, 186, 580, 15093, 64, 6172, 64, 26316, 9, 81, 1168, 14456, 558, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 14456, 426, 5812, 28, 996, 186, 338, 313, 580, 15093, 64, 6172, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 708, 81, 1168, 14456, 13, 8692, 1168, 14774, 64, 6370, 13, 44296, 10, 2295, 428, 18, 10, 551, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 14456, 2295, 5812, 10, 551, 988, 186, 8015, 9, 16983, 1168, 13393, 13, 346, 2369, 1323, 15093, 2972, 275, 3646, 3287, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 1542, 313, 74, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 8692, 1168, 14774, 64, 6370, 28, 891, 9234, 551, 988, 186, 338, 6048, 3373, 426, 1735, 64, 8873, 9, 8340, 13, 44296, 13, 13322, 9, 8531, 1237, 64, 85, 10689, 654, 470, 10, 551, 2657, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 988, 186, 94, 988, 186, 8101, 426, 458, 1237, 64, 936, 64, 19411, 9, 8340, 60, 17, 9259, 988, 186, 1542, 313, 75, 426, 470, 28, 480, 654, 26644, 28, 480, 9234, 551, 2657, 186, 338, 313, 14329, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 891, 13, 44296, 1228, 2664, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 988, 186, 94, 996, 186, 94, 535, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 5470, 64, 4663, 64, 16366, 84, 9, 16983, 1168, 13393, 13, 268, 1228, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 5470, 64, 4663, 64, 19770, 9, 81, 1228, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 5470, 64, 4663, 64, 39658, 9, 16983, 1168, 13393, 13, 268, 13, 48656, 1228, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 16033, 1156, 64, 1088, 9, 5374, 13, 268, 13, 44296, 10, 2295, 428, 18, 10, 551, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 1541, 3671, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 44296, 10, 2295, 428, 18, 10, 551, 996, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 6048, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 996, 50273, 10494, 268, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 4132, 52, 10, 996, 50274, 9473, 313, 81, 1168, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 23335, 996, 186, 10494, 268, 1168, 22872, 735, 10122, 39823, 64, 34948, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 4132, 52, 996, 186, 10494, 268, 1168, 22872, 735, 654, 39823, 64, 34948, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 51, 1539, 9278, 51, 19038, 1228, 551, 996, 186, 338, 313, 6324, 64, 1088, 9, 81, 13, 44296, 1228, 551, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 94, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 338, 313, 22872, 64, 881, 2295, 32504, 1864, 58, 64, 31753, 10, 551, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 426, 46138, 9, 81, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 475, 13322, 9, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 85, 4027, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 426, 46138, 9, 81, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 475, 13322, 9, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 85, 4027, 996, 186, 338, 6522, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 2785, 2195, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 10, 988, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 996, 186, 1542, 313, 74, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 268, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 28, 891, 9234, 551, 988, 186, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 4478, 6395, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 9259, 988, 186, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 4478, 6395, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 9259, 996, 186, 94, 996, 186, 1542, 313, 74, 426, 470, 28, 891, 654, 268, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 28, 891, 9234, 551, 988, 186, 338, 313, 83, 64, 22872, 735, 10122, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 17037, 64, 5851, 47015, 10, 551, 2657, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1088, 6395, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 1092, 44296, 1228, 2664, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 2657, 186, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1542, 64, 14382, 64, 2713, 6395, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 1092, 9220, 50273, 85, 6219, 13, 480, 10, 551, 2664, 186, 338, 6522, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 6219, 64, 788, 64, 2713, 9, 85, 6219, 13, 480, 10, 7308, 50274, 9473, 891, 2295, 480, 10, 7308, 186, 25674, 28, 39900, 186, 338, 313, 75, 10122, 268, 1168, 81, 64, 10706, 15, 79, 13374, 10, 7308, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 39900, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1178, 64, 2713, 7308, 50274, 6395, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 60, 75, 1092, 891, 13, 337, 1228, 7308, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 2657, 186, 94, 988, 186, 94, 988, 186, 3122, 823, 253, 1511, 3139, 347, 253, 29458, 1083, 1738, 988, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1178, 64, 2713, 6395, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 9573, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 1092, 891, 13, 337, 1228, 2657, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 988, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 881, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 60, 74, 62, 3857, 268, 1168, 881, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 60, 74, 33094, 1258, 15100, 3613, 39024, 64, 21840, 5472, 10, 551, 2657, 186, 338, 313, 2275, 262, 4251, 64, 1178, 64, 2713, 6395, 81, 1168, 9573, 64, 881, 64, 4251, 60, 74, 1092, 891, 13, 337, 1228, 2664, 186, 18026, 3076, 28, 988, 186, 94, 996, 186, 94, 187, 186, 94, 535, 186, 2309, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 34866, 28, 187, 50272, 14367, 27, 187, 186, 2309, 32504, 1864, 58, 8904, 64, 12641, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 565, 3646, 5470, 64, 250, 4663, 64, 15987, 9, 22872, 5470, 64, 85, 475, 268, 10, 187, 92, 187, 186, 10790, 540, 891, 426, 19058, 46, 64, 3016, 6117, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 4537, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 10, 996, 186, 4924, 9, 81, 1168, 4537, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 558, 187, 186, 338, 313, 81, 1168, 14774, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 1590, 60, 74, 3291, 996, 186, 4924, 9, 81, 1168, 14774, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 1590, 60, 74, 9259, 535, 186, 81, 1168, 4537, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 426, 313, 4537, 64, 8608, 360, 64, 85, 1401, 10, 996, 50274, 4065, 406, 9, 81, 1168, 81, 64, 15987, 15, 79, 13374, 13, 13322, 9, 4537, 64, 8608, 360, 64, 85, 475, 4027, 187, 186, 338, 6522, 81, 1168, 4537, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 2855, 10, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 81, 1168, 14774, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 1590, 60, 74, 62, 426, 313, 3615, 1401, 10, 996, 50274, 4065, 406, 9, 81, 1168, 14774, 8476, 60, 74, 1570, 79, 13374, 13, 13322, 9, 3615, 475, 4027, 187, 186, 338, 6522, 81, 1168, 14774, 64, 1208, 64, 936, 64, 1590, 60, 74, 3291, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 338, 313, 7110, 384, 357, 64, 4251, 9, 81, 1168, 14774, 8476, 60, 74, 1570, 2420, 13, 3605, 64, 71, 60, 74, 1092, 268, 1228, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 3122, 17702, 395, 2608, 9503, 323, 3634, 13091, 12669, 1738, 187, 186, 338, 313, 7110, 384, 357, 64, 4251, 9, 81, 1168, 81, 64, 15987, 15, 2420, 13, 3646, 5470, 64, 4537, 64, 12985, 13, 268, 1228, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 2309, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4353, 3646, 64, 3140, 64, 4478, 9, 22872, 64, 3140, 64, 85, 475, 18569, 10, 187, 92, 187, 186, 6441, 1178, 9, 18569, 13, 470, 13, 13322, 9, 22872, 64, 3140, 64, 85, 4027, 187, 94, 187, 187, 565, 3646, 5470, 64, 1178, 64, 7831, 64, 19161, 9, 22872, 5470, 64, 85, 475, 81, 13, 540, 5147, 10, 187, 92, 187, 186, 338, 313, 19161, 2295, 6725, 34948, 64, 31613, 64, 27300, 1042, 21466, 10, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 7831, 64, 19161, 426, 6725, 34948, 64, 31613, 64, 27300, 1042, 21466, 28, 187, 186, 7271, 604, 313, 19161, 2295, 6725, 34948, 64, 31613, 64, 57, 1400, 10, 996, 186, 81, 1168, 7831, 64, 19161, 426, 6725, 34948, 64, 31613, 64, 57, 1400, 28, 187, 186, 7271, 996, 186, 2309, 428, 18, 28, 535, 186, 2309, 470, 28, 187, 94, 535, 14214, 187, 7770, 187, 187, 49749, 42563, 330, 6581, 313, 41, 8887, 10, 310, 247, 3558, 273, 253, 2884, 580, 43365, 15203, 2021, 285, 310, 247, 2014, 14, 40121, 2762, 14, 33829, 5771, 15, 733, 12741, 84, 5512, 495, 6, 273, 253, 11762, 3072, 1008, 35, 18, 1092, 1008, 35, 19, 1570, 22899, 476, 2847, 7928, 285, 6722, 21366, 13, 285, 1421, 281, 19990, 13, 36716, 285, 43727, 12382, 1008, 35, 20, 1570, 4129, 1199, 4780, 556, 644, 1160, 275, 6684, 4122 ]

goto bad; } p->version[len] = '\0'; } if ((p->policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_POLCAP && p->policy_type == POLICY_KERN) || (p->policyvers >= MOD_POLICYDB_VERSION_POLCAP && p->policy_type == POLICY_BASE) || (p->policyvers >= MOD_POLICYDB_VERSION_POLCAP && p->policy_type == POLICY_MOD)) { if (ebitmap_read(&p->policycaps, fp)) goto bad; } if (p->policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_PERMISSIVE && p->policy_type == POLICY_KERN) { if (ebitmap_read(&p->permissive_map, fp)) goto bad; } for (i = 0; i < info->sym_num; i++) { rc = next_entry(buf, fp, sizeof(uint32_t) * 2); if (rc < 0) goto bad; nprim = le32_to_cpu(buf[0]); nel = le32_to_cpu(buf[1]); if (nel && !nprim) { ERR(fp->handle, "unexpected items in symbol table with no symbol"); goto bad; } for (j = 0; j < nel; j++) { if (read_f[i] (p, p->symtab[i].table, fp)) goto bad; } p->symtab[i].nprim = nprim; } if (policy_type == POLICY_KERN) { if (avtab_read(&p->te_avtab, fp, r_policyvers)) goto bad; if (r_policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_BOOL) if (cond_read_list(p, &p->cond_list, fp)) goto bad; if (role_trans_read(p, fp)) goto bad; if (role_allow_read(&p->role_allow, fp)) goto bad; if (r_policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_FILENAME_TRANS && filename_trans_read(p, fp)) goto bad; } else { /* first read the AV rule blocks, then the scope tables */ avrule_block_destroy(p->global); p->global = NULL; if (avrule_block_read(p, &p->global, info->sym_num, fp) == -1) { goto bad; } if (p->global == NULL) { ERR(fp->handle, "no avrule block in policy"); goto bad; } for (i = 0; i < info->sym_num; i++) { if ((rc = next_entry(buf, fp, sizeof(uint32_t))) < 0) { goto bad; } nel = le32_to_cpu(buf[0]); for (j = 0; j < nel; j++) { if (scope_read(p, i, fp)) goto bad; } } } if (policydb_index_decls(fp->handle, p)) goto bad; if (policydb_index_classes(p)) goto bad; if (policydb_index_others(fp->handle, p, verbose)) goto bad; if (ocontext_read(info, p, fp) == -1) { goto bad; } if (genfs_read(p, fp) == -1) { goto bad; } if ((p->policy_type == POLICY_KERN && p->policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_MLS) || (p->policy_type == POLICY_BASE && p->policyvers >= MOD_POLICYDB_VERSION_MLS && p->policyvers < MOD_POLICYDB_VERSION_RANGETRANS)) { if (range_read(p, fp)) { goto bad; } } if (policy_type == POLICY_KERN) { p->type_attr_map = malloc(p->p_types.nprim * sizeof(ebitmap_t)); p->attr_type_map = malloc(p->p_types.nprim * sizeof(ebitmap_t)); if (!p->type_attr_map || !p->attr_type_map) goto bad; for (i = 0; i < p->p_types.nprim; i++) { ebitmap_init(&p->type_attr_map[i]); ebitmap_init(&p->attr_type_map[i]); } for (i = 0; i < p->p_types.nprim; i++) { if (r_policyvers >= POLICYDB_VERSION_AVTAB) { if (ebitmap_read(&p->type_attr_map[i], fp)) goto bad; ebitmap_for_each_bit(&p->type_attr_map[i], tnode, j) { if (!ebitmap_node_get_bit(tnode, j) || i == j) continue; if (j >= p->p_types.nprim) goto bad; if (ebitmap_set_bit (&p->attr_type_map[j], i, 1)) goto bad; } } /* add the type itself as the degenerate case */ if (ebitmap_set_bit(&p->type_attr_map[i], i, 1)) goto bad; if (p->type_val_to_struct[i] && p->type_val_to_struct[i]->flavor != TYPE_ATTRIB) { if (ebitmap_set_bit(&p->attr_type_map[i], i, 1)) goto bad; } } } return POLICYDB_SUCCESS; bad: return POLICYDB_ERROR; } int policydb_reindex_users(policydb_t * p) { unsigned int i = SYM_USERS; if (p->user_val_to_struct) free(p->user_val_to_struct); if (p->sym_val_to_name[i]) free(p->sym_val_to_name[i]); p->user_val_to_struct = (user_datum_t **) calloc(p->p_users.nprim, sizeof(user_datum_t *)); if (!p->user_val_to_struct) return -1; p->sym_val_to_name[i] = (char **) calloc(p->symtab[i].nprim, sizeof(char *)); if (!p->sym_val_to_name[i]) return -1; if (hashtab_map(p->symtab[i].table, index_f[i], p)) return -1; /* Expand user roles for context validity checking */ if (hashtab_map(p->p_users.table, policydb_user_cache, p)) return -1; return 0; } void policy_file_init(policy_file_t *pf) { memset(pf, 0, sizeof(policy_file_t)); } int policydb_set_target_platform(policydb_t *p, int platform) { if (platform == SEPOL_TARGET_SELINUX) p->target_platform = SEPOL_TARGET_SELINUX; else if (platform == SEPOL_TARGET_XEN) p->target_platform = SEPOL_TARGET_XEN; else return -1; return 0; } Introduction ============ Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family and is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA. It infects approximately 3% of the worldwide population [@B1], [@B2]. HCV can cause acute and chronic hepatitis, and lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [@B3]. Although much progress has been made in developing highly

[ 619, 1311, 46, 281, 513, 285, 849, 359, 1871, 751, 352, 281, 1007, 15, 3954, 359, 1472, 4704, 281, 1265, 3652, 253, 2608, 5673, 970, 7060, 40, 16594, 434, 12806, 17671, 285, 5261, 18145, 15, 496, 436, 1501, 13, 359, 1833, 27, 187, 187, 10004, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 12806, 17671, 3058, 281, 10957, 253, 9882, 3497, 715, 4811, 187, 187, 3351, 3018, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 12806, 17671, 187, 187, 5089, 253, 2898, 275, 2440, 4438, 187, 187, 18, 15, 16551, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 12806, 17671, 187, 187, 6407, 13, 1379, 247, 1007, 387, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 10684, 5045, 285, 253, 3510, 273, 5261, 18145, 326, 368, 476, 897, 281, 8722, 12806, 15, 831, 310, 19890, 281, 23157, 562, 634, 4384, 3239, 275, 11685, 970, 20494, 2017, 3603, 390, 7180, 15, 1198, 619, 1311, 46, 13, 359, 1833, 897, 247, 5019, 273, 20494, 11593, 285, 9118, 12806, 17671, 15, 187, 187, 30382, 40, 16594, 4648, 247, 4284, 10014, 1925, 346, 15886, 10344, 18707, 995, 1996, 327, 359, 1833, 1007, 387, 849, 281, 1818, 253, 4284, 10014, 285, 849, 281, 10007, 253, 7286, 273, 5261, 18145, 970, 16710, 15, 187, 187, 19, 15, 3173, 3018, 253, 7060, 40, 16594, 12806, 17671, 187, 187, 688, 253, 2170, 387, 253, 1755, 273, 253, 9882, 3497, 359, 1849, 4425, 281, 1659, 247, 20971, 2522, 15, 329, 20971, 2522, 310, 835, 368, 1659, 1774, 1491, 13, 751, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2898, 285, 247, 18479, 15, 5595, 273, 253, 12693, 310, 8653, 347, 3517, 347, 619, 1311, 46, 7866, 598, 594, 323, 1024, 359, 1833, 3359, 776, 5261, 18145, 275, 253, 327, 13570, 9624, 1332, 273, 253, 2898, 434, 5857, 1127, 966, 15, 28266, 13, 5080, 898, 13, 4267, 187, 187, 42, 1663, 6468, 626, 644, 275, 247, 38525, 12315, 13, 594, 7016, 352, 434, 644, 7107, 1475, 1060, 15, 36026, 626, 436, 253, 954, 13103, 11173, 32895, 254, 368, 452, 2455, 10090, 634, 2927, 327, 32, 6089, 13, 309, 1158, 352, 310, 285, 309, 9716, 352, 342, 690, 273, 619, 14348, 7942, 9418, 3954, 309, 816, 878, 281, 564, 755, 690, 11173, 323, 352, 15, 733, 588, 1056, 479, 5211, 1046, 673, 309, 878, 690, 11173, 1024, 15, 187, 187, 42, 574, 247, 5322, 8849, 13, 32252, 434, 13541, 2335, 441, 281, 11157, 387, 253, 40193, 18733, 323, 619, 14348, 13, 340, 14661, 15, 309, 22269, 598, 619, 1390, 921, 273, 253, 2129, 313, 88, 319, 309, 369, 10000, 342, 2722, 481, 2752, 1984, 309, 574, 6960, 323, 619, 14348, 2210, 275, 253, 8888, 11066, 15, 831, 369, 26702, 20295, 13, 32252, 369, 1728, 432, 789, 1078, 253, 6838, 285, 309, 497, 1728, 432, 3515, 690, 1486, 2287, 13, 285, 253, 5522, 342, 619, 1984, 369, 7063, 327, 253, 3369, 10539, 15, 32252, 26282, 285, 5485, 352, 285, 15312, 253, 1984, 598, 1078, 309, 1694, 1728, 13, 309, 476, 816, 8564, 779, 7362, 17461, 281, 24284, 285, 16384, 352, 13, 359, 1904, 626, 755, 1728, 1048, 846, 344, 858, 9418, 1244, 309, 6960, 436, 44256, 3113, 690, 14348, 7942, 15, 187, 187, 42, 816, 1119, 562, 326, 619, 495, 1682, 1445, 2722, 326, 309, 10078, 275, 403, 1469, 281, 452, 253, 1072, 921, 12282, 323, 7203, 594, 309, 717, 1469, 281, 320, 247, 10000, 3226, 2970, 4704, 281, 513, 1264, 2722, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 13, 352, 588, 320, 247, 806, 15, 309, 452, 2218, 767, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 13, 359, 1833, 923, 849, 1264, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 4566, 9418, 187, 187, 42, 717, 9049, 323, 8216, 13, 309, 717, 1469, 281, 247, 48142, 966, 10256, 407, 14943, 15, 309, 476, 626, 3343, 2, 187, 187, 3546, 602, 391, 1369, 13713, 323, 1024, 13, 309, 3524, 368, 574, 247, 13491, 8849, 13, 285, 452, 247, 1270, 1388, 2, 187, 187, 22, 187, 26122, 27, 187, 187, 5498, 626, 1158, 309, 717, 12504, 533, 387, 806, 1007, 309, 1869, 326, 40096, 369, 247, 41823, 40096, 15, 309, 2565, 6677, 626, 4677, 562, 849, 368, 497, 1469, 281, 439, 1123, 342, 352, 4672, 844, 1817, 309, 871, 15844, 309, 1158, 352, 310, 20295, 1024, 326, 309, 871, 752, 352, 310, 323, 15844, 25897, 13, 2164, 4437, 4059, 187, 187, 510, 14645, 273, 11628, 14884, 187, 187, 17588, 617, 31009, 275, 253, 2360, 13, 14884, 1023, 1105, 454, 457, 84, 25172, 263, 2210, 281, 617, 275, 253, 4131, 273, 2164, 4437, 1458, 1787, 15, 2896, 854, 312, 344, 369, 13828, 281, 25596, 253, 45121, 2247, 273, 9559, 440, 421, 13, 534, 3206, 271, 842, 272, 342, 4166, 285, 369, 1677, 281, 1110, 665, 497, 275, 16102, 35342, 273, 616, 4852, 15, 496, 521, 42766, 760, 247, 2159, 2940, 1977, 275, 41426, 2111, 21632, 13, 1652, 12843, 12824, 1108, 665, 369, 760, 13265, 1897, 1711, 1108, 369, 670, 281, 7168, 521, 3101, 15, 187, 187, 510, 16730, 28668, 3534, 14884, 690, 5956, 15, 14772, 326, 1388, 13, 9011, 2516, 17410, 369, 2104, 281, 1304, 326, 703, 369, 2802, 8826, 5371, 13799, 13, 285, 604, 703, 2802, 9875, 436, 2360, 13, 253, 14975, 320, 275, 1175, 3524, 326, 703, 320, 2469, 5434, 15385, 14884, 457, 84, 31009, 574, 2168, 4783, 327, 323, 824, 247, 1048, 673, 326, 1110, 1475, 617, 812, 417, 923, 849, 703, 812, 3464, 275, 326, 1617, 1108, 703, 574, 281, 2057, 3157, 390, 3150, 15, 187, 187, 6693, 13079, 273, 617, 7355, 497, 23732, 13, 2299, 15, 2058, 854, 2617, 13, 13265, 3038, 846, 703, 2959, 9559, 440, 421, 13, 253, 14913, 273, 37252, 2206, 1066, 275, 521, 9320, 387, 41426, 2111, 281, 3630, 281, 7195, 45010, 4714, 13, 14851, 2802, 42, 12518, 368, 281, 320, 1060, 10873, 2393, 281, 5956, 776, 1175, 6303, 13, 323, 347, 323, 776, 36285, 627, 310, 642, 12177, 273, 617, 1495, 13, 253, 625, 27042, 13, 285, 309, 4709, 703, 3091, 417, 320, 9338, 387, 253, 673, 9094, 3091, 1239, 436, 15385, 37252, 369, 987, 285, 253, 19538, 19347, 16092, 1977, 275, 253, 2360, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2471, 273, 14884, 1023, 1105, 454, 574, 644, 3264, 323, 625, 685, 247, 2129, 533, 13, 347, 703, 23614, 2122, 13, 1110, 1475, 617, 4821, 281, 3524, 326, 703, 1537, 9295, 15, 8966, 29136, 13, 665, 369, 2810, 407, 387, 41426, 2111, 13, 671, 20563, 264, 323, 521, 4475, 13, 3738, 344, 2335, 690, 772, 17888, 275, 253, 5788, 273, 521, 3347, 15, 496, 247, 4857, 13, 3542, 281, 7980, 273, 6181, 275, 2380, 281, 28858, 3339, 327, 12824, 457, 84, 4201, 13, 344, 20503, 326, 2802, 15187, 460, 35258, 556, 43261, 1070, 619, 11010, 342, 253, 44875, 273, 253, 2471, 273, 617, 665, 3982, 479, 436, 15704, 15385, 187, 187, 688, 13889, 387, 253, 2774, 326, 8966, 7636, 617, 253, 954, 13, 14884, 14667, 247, 2714, 1659, 275, 521, 2798, 15, 754, 3534, 617, 247, 17292, 20915, 387, 42835, 285, 13, 275, 673, 13, 2546, 281, 320, 14205, 342, 617, 2994, 15, 380, 4564, 7027, 2366, 3063, 15, 4129, 352, 310, 247, 18109, 21850, 13, 352, 943, 320, 8042, 562, 326, 627, 369, 642, 643, 4475, 326, 8966, 812, 452, 2546, 281, 320, 14205, 342, 15, 754, 5868, 326, 344, 574, 2455, 644, 7028, 281, 23425, 273, 1780, 5154, 13, 17467, 378, 1306, 1362, 285, 17467, 273, 8148, 1634, 13, 1223, 23425, 15197, 2242, 14205, 347, 271, 11407, 50136, 275, 253, 20610, 15, 8966, 457, 84, 1390, 4475, 13, 23425, 2956, 83, 13, 369, 13, 273, 2282, 13, 1335, 9338, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2954, 273, 8966, 29136, 285, 14884, 1023, 1105, 454, 369, 642, 1270, 2389, 18830, 533, 13, 342, 17134, 18347, 13, 352, 2210, 281, 1379, 327, 625, 8453, 323, 253, 6963, 347, 344, 4821, 281, 11089, 1111, 3428, 24755, 11034, 942, 15, 14884, 13, 347, 253, 3101, 273, 521, 3347, 13, 2210, 281, 320, 3261, 2220, 347, 521, 2032, 19538, 1108, 253, 3416, 342, 5207, 344, 9703, 281, 320, 17253, 275, 253, 1270, 13497, 273, 521, 2021, 534, 476, 320, 2326, 387, 41426, 2111, 835, 14884, 4962, 15, 187, 187, 45478, 1023, 1105, 454, 13, 253, 2626, 4475, 273, 8966, 29136, 13, 369, 2624, 745, 387, 253, 2774, 273, 617, 6459, 23991, 13, 13889, 327, 2164, 4437, 1458, 1787, 1078, 703, 574, 1014, 4925, 617, 289, 4580, 74, 678, 14348, 15, 187, 187, 45478, 1023, 1105, 454, 432, 247, 1996, 38683, 1382, 15, 380, 2847, 273, 617, 2471, 428, 617, 6858, 428, 310, 17253, 11834, 253, 5406, 15, 41497, 187, 187, 10572, 3189, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 271, 2488, 285, 24072, 13, 2714, 2182, 327, 253, 1753, 561, 273, 5854, 285, 253, 50005, 263, 2180, 15, 309, 2389, 512, 1841, 9493, 13, 3733, 347, 271, 21101, 10364, 1078, 12797, 281, 9493, 2561, 15, 309, 717, 4390, 8785, 562, 11073, 2561, 387, 4377, 434, 6822, 13, 4693, 15, 309, 452, 3542, 2067, 5098, 13, 1690, 1794, 41400, 273, 1740, 273, 8966, 29136, 434, 26283, 13, 20145, 42224, 4371, 13, 45101, 466, 2071, 702, 285, 380, 378, 1306, 1362, 10168, 15271, 26900, 285, 6537, 2801, 2957, 476, 4796, 5917, 285, 19025, 8670, 10680, 897, 285, 24411, 275, 1363, 342, 16971, 265, 24816, 39708, 2728, 27, 247, 20407, 1263, 15, 187, 34, 4618, 5235, 273, 7437, 273, 1941, 556, 5125, 326, 13833, 310, 2330, 342, 247, 1534, 2572, 275, 253, 2495, 323, 16971, 265, 24816, 39708, 2728, 313, 19622, 37, 10, 5917, 285, 697, 10552, 15, 380, 4388, 273, 436, 1263, 369, 281, 7472, 253, 1055, 273, 2801, 2957, 327, 39708, 5917, 275, 26389, 16, 706, 3248, 1363, 342, 11464, 443, 947, 37, 15, 844, 17692, 26389, 16, 706, 3248, 1363, 342, 6867, 443, 947, 37, 5917, 285, 2827, 375, 422, 1578, 14479, 5895, 15, 2058, 8245, 13, 1363, 13368, 7000, 39708, 5917, 7103, 285, 21698, 7480, 6803, 13, 285, 497, 4272, 715, 767, 1971, 2390, 27, 1387, 329, 2959, 19025, 8670, 10680, 313, 4785, 42, 10, 285, 247, 32339, 3500, 3100, 15937, 6196, 285, 34796, 5763, 28, 285, 1387, 378, 2959, 47140, 285, 247, 686, 15291, 273, 1557, 6196, 5983, 380, 6196, 1999, 1971, 369, 2783, 3576, 604, 387, 1878, 884, 6, 273, 2801, 2957, 369, 6786, 1561, 721, 2607, 15, 1876, 1363, 497, 6760, 275, 2426, 273, 21698, 7480, 941, 13, 443, 947, 37, 5917, 13, 285, 47140, 897, 15, 496, 1387, 329, 13, 1599, 2133, 2280, 3605, 313, 31685, 10, 6137, 432, 1884, 15, 20, 3279, 577, 15, 18, 281, 2030, 15, 24, 3279, 495, 15, 18, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 582, 285, 1599, 2801, 6137, 432, 11487, 15, 18, 3279, 1668, 15, 26, 15841, 281, 10447, 15, 26, 3279, 1638, 15, 21, 15841, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 481, 496, 1387, 378, 13, 627, 369, 642, 1818, 275, 15481, 285, 2801, 15, 40561, 297, 13071, 6137, 313, 49, 654, 470, 15, 1762, 10, 275, 1097, 2390, 1309, 47140, 4918, 13, 533, 247, 2169, 7756, 369, 5950, 275, 1387, 329, 15, 496, 1387, 329, 13, 47140, 4918, 369, 4336, 35985, 275, 3435, 16, 1235, 273, 253, 1363, 13, 285, 7905, 1272, 275, 1668, 16, 1235, 15, 7214, 818, 16, 1235, 4821, 253, 1072, 47140, 24411, 15, 496, 1387, 378, 13, 3307, 16, 3712, 7905, 1272, 253, 4918, 285, 3285, 16, 3712, 8838, 2120, 24411, 273, 4918, 13, 533, 5293, 369, 2104, 281, 16196, 489, 47140, 1955, 281, 247, 19831, 15969, 15, 15699, 13, 2801, 2957, 273, 387, 1878, 884, 6, 310, 8521, 275, 512, 1363, 342, 443, 947, 37, 275, 1340, 281, 9510, 253, 1055, 273, 47140, 327, 39708, 19831, 6619, 285, 281, 4796, 6722, 12358, 897, 15, 48943, 187, 187, 36, 5916, 292, 20898, 27, 32632, 390, 322, 23744, 32, 1310, 368, 457, 250, 2819, 387, 20864, 747, 23656, 387, 634, 1728, 390, 3906, 13, 387, 690, 1127, 368, 457, 620, 320, 11372, 342, 253, 3061, 273, 25818, 23656, 390, 13506, 23656, 15, 6295, 4610, 452, 616, 1211, 5373, 13, 533, 1199, 273, 253, 4327, 588, 18107, 407, 634, 1051, 36, 11177, 1288, 839, 616, 577, 394, 7359, 16488, 342, 495, 1897, 313, 18554, 1722, 394, 13, 1283, 394, 285, 655, 394, 10, 273, 500, 4346, 4437, 42656, 1163, 1583, 8027, 616, 747, 25410, 1503, 4985, 12911, 254, 844, 16886, 4397, 1722, 394, 342, 43447, 6656, 2652, 255, 88, 321, 296, 407, 23392, 708, 743, 27918, 11431, 285, 30149, 10535, 12710, 24907, 91, 1241, 5043, 1249, 5685, 43149, 4193, 398, 1852, 2374, 53, 522, 285, 1852, 2374 ]

myCRM to do and how we'd like it to look. Now we're ready to start building the user interface using smartGWT's layout containers and widgets. In this post, we'll: Select the smartGWT layout containers needed to divide the browser window into regions Implement the smartGWT layout containers Test the application in development mode 1. Select the smartGWT layout containers First, take a look at the smartGWT Showcase and the types of widgets that you can use to manage layout. This is analogous to laying out your web page in HTML using nested div elements or tables. For myCRM, we'll use a combination of nested horizontal and vertical layout containers. smartGWT uses a default theme called "Enterprise Gray", later on we'll look at how to change the default theme and how to modify the appearance of widgets using CSS. 2. Implement the smartGWT layout containers In the area at the top of the browser window we've decided to place a masthead. A masthead is where you place important information, like the name of the application and a logo. Most of the UI is displayed as soon as myCRM starts up so for now we'll implement our widgets in the onModuleLoad method of the application's entry point class.Tuesday, February 9, 2010 I really haven't been in a blogging mood, so sorry it's been quiet around here. Isn't this the most awesome tape dispenser you have ever laid your eyes on? Well, I think it is and I purchased it with some of my birthday cash :) Now I just need to go get some tape for it. It will make me happy every time I need some tape now. I had a nice weekend, Casey's Mom took us to lunch at the Olive Garden for my birthday, yummy. I cleaned up my last show of the week (wow I was busy with shows). My book I had ordered for my birthday came in the mail yesterday. This was kinda cute, Casey was home from work before the girls and I were home from running some errands, and the package with my book was sitting on the doorstep. Casey hurried and opened it and wrapped the book up before I got home, I can just imagine him scrambling to hurry and wrap it, we didn't get home long after he did :) And I ordered this necklacewith some birthday cash. I just found out that my 3 best art shows that I participate in are going to have the same show dates for spring so I am going to be a busy girl getting ready to do three shows at the same time, it will be a first. I have done two at the same time, we'll see how three at the same time goes :) I am excited for Thursday, I am going to a knitting class taught by Kelly. I can't wait! Enough ramblings for now, I hope you had a lovely weekend, and have a great day! 5 comments: Don't think I am weird but at first look I thought that frog was a razor frog. I couln't figure out how you were going to shave with it!! Weird I know!!! I think it is cute now that I know what it is for!!!Friday, 24 October 2014 The Death of Queen Jane Following her sickness in the night, Jane Seymour’s confessor came to her in the morning of 24 October 1537. By 8am he was preparing to administer the sacrament of extreme unction, which involved anointing with oil and was given to those who were in grave peril of their lives. In his nursery only a short walk away in Hampton Court Palace, little Prince Edward – who was only twelve days old – was about to lose his mother. The ceremony evidently gave Jane some comfort. Later that day, Sir John Russell was able to report that she was ‘somewhat amended, and if she ‘scape this night, the physicians be in good hope that she be past danger’. Jane’s sickness had already gone on for such a long time that those around her could not see how she could remain in that condition – she had to either improve or die. Any hopes of her recovery were vain, however. At 8pm, twelve hours after she received extreme unction, the Duke of Norfolk sat down in his chamber at Hampton Court to write to Thomas Cromwell, stating ‘I pray you to be here tomorrow early to comfort our good master, for as for our mistress there is no likelihood of her life, the more pity, and I fear she shall not be alive at the time ye shall read this’. Norfolk was right and the queen slipped quietly away in the night. The death of Jane Seymour had been expected for more than a week but, as she lingered, those around her continued to hope that she might recover. Henry VIII, who was close by at Hampton Court, also grieved for his wife, although he took some consolation in the survival of his son. In a letter, written to Francis of France in response to congratulations on Edward’s birth, he commented that ‘Divine Providence has mingled my joy with the bitterness of the death of her who brought me this happiness’. In dying at the moment that Henry loved her the most, Jane retained a special place in his heart. He gave her a royal funeral at Windsor and, in time, asked to be buried with her himself. The couple lie together today. Although it is a romantic gesture, it should be pointed out that there was no other wife that Henry could have asked to be buried with. He denied that he had ever been married to Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn and Anne of Cleves, while Catherine Howard lay buried as an executed traitor in the Tower. Henry’s last wife, Catherine Parr, was, of course, still alive. The relationship of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour was no great love affair but, with hindsight, it came to take on more significance for the king as he continued to suffer matrimonial disappointments. Jane, as the mother of his son, came to be looked upon as his true queen – the woman with whom he chose to be depicted in the great painting of his family which can be seen at Hampton Court where Jane died. Jane Seymour, the third wife of Henry VIII, was cut off at the moment of her greatest triumph, dying on 24 October 1537 before she had even reached her thirtieth birthday. Jane Seymour from a later engraving. The cause of her death - her baby - is depicted beneath the picture. About Me I'm an author and historian, specialising on the queens of England and the Tudor period. I love all things historical, training as an archaeologist before switching to historical research. I am currently carrying out academic research at King's College, London. I have written several books, including biographies of four of Henry VIII's wives, Margaret Beaufort, Bessie Blount and The Boleyn WomenVoluntary and controlled weight loss can reduce symptoms and proton pump inhibitor use and dosage in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a comparative study. A wide variety of pieces of evidence has suggested that obesity is associated with a significant increase in the risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and its complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of weight loss on reflux symptoms in overweight/obese patients with proven GERD. We enrolled overweight/obese patients with typical GERD symptoms and erosive esophagitis. At baseline, patients underwent detailed reflux symptoms evaluation and anthropometric assessment, and were divided into two treatment groups: group A received proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and a personalized hypocaloric diet and aerobic exercise; and group B received PPI and a 'standard of care diet'. The dietetic treatment was considered effective if at least 10% of weight loss was achieved within 6 months. All patients were evaluated in terms of anthropometric data, GERD symptoms, and PPI use. In group A, mean body mass index (BMI) decreased from 30.3 ± 4.1 to 25.7 ± 3.1 (P < 0.05), and mean weight decreased from 82.1 ± 16.9 kg to 69.9 ± 14.4 kg (P < 0.05). In group B, there was no change in BMI and weight. Symptom perception decreased (P < 0.05) in both groups during PPI therapy, but a higher improvement was recorded in group A. In group A, PPI therapy was completely discontinued in 27/50 of the patients, and halved in 16/50. Only 7/50 continued the same PPI dosage. In group B, 22/51 halved the therapy and 29/51 maintained full dosage of therapy, but none was able to discontinue PPI due to a symptom recurrence. Overall, weight loss of at least 10% is recommended in all patients with GERD in order to boost the effect of PPI on reflux symptom relief and to reduce chronic medication use.Blog Carpet Materials: Wool or Synthetic? If you’re looking at installing new carpet at your home or office, at some point you’ll be faced with the decision of wool carpet or synthetic carpet. Both options have their own benefits, but much of the choice will guided by your...Celebrating their 4th Anniversary with 3 days (Sept 17th, 18th and 19th) of Junction Octoberfest : They launch their new brew ZOO Berliner Weisse September 17th with Bavarian Bratwurst by Crown & Anchor Food and Fresh Handmade Pretzels plus 12 German Festbiers #OnTap and #On

[ 272, 302, 13, 3371, 5741, 23105, 248, 307, 4113, 42336, 267, 5009, 13, 32377, 249, 13, 3645, 2115, 249, 8729, 12910, 9226, 28542, 414, 16750, 13341, 1952, 661, 15959, 15, 427, 44885, 16288, 1479, 5985, 49137, 4530, 261, 43236, 247, 1479, 3230, 266, 26644, 75, 6841, 5210, 40970, 375, 1479, 1832, 1952, 661, 571, 13, 8729, 2343, 377, 307, 335, 536, 8243, 3273, 46848, 26243, 13838, 1392, 1108, 9951, 44859, 15175, 78, 1405, 4927, 261, 40636, 770, 18956, 28542, 414, 22516, 1392, 11737, 1519, 312, 1595, 297, 6077, 45641, 6077, 15, 187, 1992, 885, 22516, 258, 2804, 438, 437, 26307, 8729, 49144, 1392, 4698, 76, 1758, 14, 39483, 9226, 821, 74, 536, 328, 893, 8483, 74, 246, 9608, 413, 6841, 1392, 13, 20463, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 327, 256, 21243, 76, 2381, 36825, 16288, 1135, 46396, 2131, 74, 1392, 29348, 413, 6148, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 249, 278, 2788, 39198, 15, 322, 261, 17366, 314, 12292, 1405, 246, 21243, 6841, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 249, 298, 766, 76, 413, 257, 13, 480, 251, 4530, 642, 75, 18524, 49659, 1208, 6811, 302, 3273, 43236, 591, 8297, 301, 561, 1392, 278, 2788, 4631, 31923, 31051, 12271, 15175, 13460, 324, 770, 10441, 257, 246, 2880, 13511, 257, 49137, 4530, 261, 49245, 17062, 7336, 249, 256, 1944, 24968, 12910, 14302, 12331, 302, 316, 21380, 1282, 739, 1392, 15, 1623, 79, 382, 86, 46848, 49144, 17366, 314, 1440, 18453, 21964, 246, 18453, 6841, 256, 21964, 79, 17685, 44918, 1323, 80, 303, 86, 316, 69, 603, 5751, 74, 37936, 249, 15, 353, 928, 383, 6841, 74, 26243, 249, 945, 33542, 1464, 266, 13, 20463, 49659, 1208, 85, 900, 9226, 298, 1550, 1392, 12271, 1392, 75, 12271, 3273, 43236, 27082, 12198, 437, 1392, 16288, 45846, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 1392, 13, 3371, 14302, 327, 1775, 1164, 2711, 39198, 49144, 1392, 5792, 2381, 13, 1775, 18524, 246, 580, 18524, 15, 367, 301, 18453, 1405, 246, 12271, 1392, 246, 9608, 413, 6841, 1392, 15, 187, 48, 2804, 438, 437, 26307, 8729, 49144, 1392, 4698, 76, 1758, 14, 39483, 9226, 821, 74, 536, 328, 893, 327, 44044, 1392, 22516, 963, 90, 555, 21380, 14899, 5828, 47130, 2259, 250, 5741, 29348, 413, 6156, 266, 2839, 4530, 37364, 328, 15, 473, 2804, 438, 437, 26307, 8729, 49144, 1392, 4698, 76, 1758, 14, 39483, 9226, 821, 74, 536, 4462, 25445, 27082, 90, 555, 22289, 425, 8962, 1519, 293, 10441, 257, 246, 41575, 618, 74, 479, 301, 12271, 30287, 311, 383, 9307, 266, 4927, 29074, 13, 20463, 618, 28233, 261, 46848, 480, 483, 5738, 309, 1719, 27, 79, 31234, 1767, 1392, 2649, 2381, 17685, 4029, 12354, 29348, 413, 87, 25445, 465, 8627, 90, 661, 405, 1392, 2563, 1392, 264, 962, 885, 257, 247, 339, 785, 266, 714, 13838, 656, 1208, 936, 22289, 30687, 6678, 27082, 1767, 1392, 87, 739, 1392, 425, 8962, 1519, 293, 86, 14302, 15, 308, 44885, 465, 2338, 257, 5914, 1144, 292, 21964, 278, 928, 383, 6841, 74, 295, 1767, 826, 324, 262, 26171, 247, 9623, 81, 1914, 258, 2804, 24339, 1914, 1218, 5309, 262, 3592, 5738, 31051, 1031, 1440, 18453, 36825, 29348, 413, 87, 18524, 256, 21964, 79, 2381, 620, 1392, 13, 8729, 425, 8962, 1519, 293, 86, 284, 358, 312, 1405, 22616, 18889, 247, 9623, 4904, 66, 30287, 11168, 2059, 15, 3189, 23732, 716, 358, 1405, 347, 5946, 288, 1164, 267, 3681, 8765, 74, 13065, 4002, 13, 42845, 4530, 3371, 45079, 14029, 412, 25445, 15, 187, 29456, 33027, 16288, 24524, 571, 266, 258, 5025, 963, 90, 555, 21380, 14899, 246, 21243, 6841, 246, 335, 536, 16564, 8729, 25130, 262, 6841, 2827, 770, 1392, 249, 27029, 2503, 303, 1392, 45994, 1578, 770, 40467, 1392, 76, 311, 1851, 27521, 6451, 8729, 945, 5309, 265, 770, 40467, 2381, 29074, 340, 28993, 39660, 2381, 29045, 15, 209, 187, 44, 31210, 313, 49, 3246, 14, 2573, 13441, 39318, 1108, 1780, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 549, 5711, 8901, 10911, 1538, 49659, 657, 3370, 398, 13, 49659, 8229, 5338, 13, 355, 86, 22516, 281, 442, 266, 13, 20463, 465, 1765, 1479, 249, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 327, 258, 6678, 1218, 1689, 13865, 17183, 652, 86, 6362, 29348, 413, 87, 5781, 45641, 565, 284, 86, 4462, 49311, 785, 66, 13, 8729, 26243, 249, 258, 620, 257, 425, 1125, 85, 47476, 298, 10441, 770, 2902, 266, 8729, 281, 442, 13077, 2902, 266, 49144, 1392, 13401, 1392, 1218, 1689, 13865, 4698, 76, 2610, 5741, 15, 1916, 885, 22516, 7905, 9041, 15779, 1464, 13, 20463, 465, 1765, 1479, 249, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 327, 402, 11317, 618, 580, 307, 316, 30252, 4002, 8729, 30252, 66, 26232, 4415, 340, 28993, 11135, 1392, 12271, 2381, 49357, 3592, 600, 43973, 15, 24688, 1342, 570, 22516, 31804, 4742, 261, 405, 1392, 12910, 351, 1730, 16189, 465, 360, 14611, 28709, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 739, 1392, 327, 12910, 307, 3592, 86, 258, 5025, 2072, 48931, 396, 39402, 10911, 1538, 26535, 251, 79, 21432, 20463, 340, 28993, 36825, 465, 386, 5781, 8729, 11737, 302, 86, 295, 44885, 27029, 248, 2188, 1392, 22516, 30252, 249, 26243, 76, 358, 9207, 1392, 15, 187, 34, 5711, 303, 86, 316, 69, 603, 5751, 74, 400, 36825, 327, 5914, 3371, 15779, 3592, 86, 13, 20463, 10911, 1538, 25685, 5256, 316, 8215, 27, 79, 268, 6592, 859, 300, 28697, 6077, 18889, 87, 1914, 28542, 414, 16750, 5828, 5711, 770, 45205, 17062, 826, 255, 8032, 266, 26644, 75, 6841, 5210, 40970, 375, 1479, 1832, 1952, 661, 571, 327, 295, 1767, 618, 37577, 2963, 261, 49635, 400, 1392, 75, 9608, 75, 14197, 661, 383, 1392, 8729, 247, 18064, 591, 461, 437, 461, 74, 15, 418, 404, 80, 6362, 29348, 413, 13917, 1323, 80, 303, 86, 316, 6156, 255, 303, 24339, 571, 327, 1061, 1136, 3592, 86, 30287, 297, 1595, 580, 41376, 15, 427, 1767, 594, 34490, 26171, 28542, 414, 296, 2880, 13511, 257, 49137, 4530, 261, 358, 8727, 29348, 413, 87, 18524, 7699, 312, 86, 351, 30997, 945, 33542, 1464, 266, 13, 20463, 49659, 1208, 6811, 302, 3273, 43236, 13460, 255, 571, 7005, 571, 28542, 414, 22516, 21964, 49137, 4530, 261, 8895, 266, 12331, 302, 3075, 292, 1316, 66, 12910, 351, 30797, 15, 21894, 255, 24439, 246, 2880, 13511, 257, 1775, 3230, 1479, 4631, 17062, 49137, 4530, 261, 49245, 17062, 327, 2963, 382, 3592, 86, 15, 187, 52, 32187, 13865, 17183, 652, 438, 603, 5751, 74, 400, 36825, 3273, 249, 256, 4692, 66, 247, 2610, 505, 16189, 5303, 13, 20463, 8919, 29197, 258, 620, 307, 963, 90, 555, 21380, 261, 358, 2059, 13, 480, 375, 3435, 575, 435, 1479, 14407, 66, 8919, 13401, 278, 15175, 902, 292, 555, 281, 553, 661, 757, 4160, 246, 782, 4530, 465, 23988, 43579, 480, 375, 480, 1368, 69, 11780, 14, 375, 266, 7584, 575, 76, 1212, 1079, 8919, 13401, 2963, 382, 3592, 86, 15, 1623, 465, 2338, 257, 5914, 246, 9608, 413, 15175, 13, 20463, 278, 2880, 2966, 17685, 1323, 26171, 258, 5616, 1405, 327, 79, 382, 2517, 292, 298, 2381, 1767, 18453, 21964, 465, 503, 4631, 257, 465, 265, 11554, 1914, 2827, 8807, 26307, 30687, 455, 26307, 1162, 328, 1392, 76, 2381, 7381, 384, 1914, 13, 45536, 49144, 1392, 4698, 76, 2610, 5741, 29348, 413, 87, 1914, 1162, 10441, 257, 8729, 23057, 382, 26307, 31023, 42686, 2468, 1405, 42454, 408, 1392, 13, 8729, 31234, 29045, 25130, 262, 6841, 27029, 2503, 303, 1392, 45994, 1578, 770, 40467, 1392, 657, 3370, 398, 74, 1392, 15, 388, 6841, 257, 7897, 74, 493, 16189, 38301, 1405, 1218, 1689, 13865, 4698, 5914, 1238, 257, 27772, 47796, 2827, 770, 1392, 249, 246, 9608, 413, 15175, 821, 6811, 5503, 1108, 714, 73, 8155, 1362, 1767, 23382, 272, 1945, 328, 893, 13, 308, 507, 4530, 8729, 18268, 1502, 74, 1108, 45079, 295, 1767, 278, 2788, 3230, 13, 13460, 1479, 4530, 425, 299, 400, 12271, 355, 328, 43150, 27772, 1595, 1351, 292, 340, 28993, 36825, 465, 386, 5781, 13, 8729, 1616, 76, 1758, 375, 522, 26826, 1059, 3273, 43236, 295, 1767, 1465, 25873, 1362, 85, 15175, 22865, 2503, 5781, 1185, 5751, 74, 37936, 1392, 15, 209, 187, 47027, 338, 263, 261, 313, 49, 2354, 13441, 39318, 50276, 2906, 5711, 8901, 8429, 3296, 447, 13, 1465, 87, 12271, 30252, 249, 49659, 292, 13, 396, 39402, 1323, 80, 303, 86, 316, 6156, 255, 303, 461, 257, 340, 73, 3354, 1906, 4530, 382, 312, 8727, 20463, 1218, 1689, 13865, 17183, 652, 86, 6362, 29348, 413, 87, 18524, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 408, 1392, 618, 255, 1464, 266, 246, 6841, 21964, 49635, 12271, 40380, 16564, 37080, 413, 66, 5847, 405, 74, 13, 480, 20531, 327, 13460, 5009, 307, 1218, 1689, 13865, 17183, 652, 10441, 257, 7684, 47796, 821, 85, 25183, 31284, 79, 382, 24339, 571, 2827, 414, 48931, 1578, 770, 40467, 1392, 657, 3370, 398, 2878, 1392, 15, 308, 21243, 6841, 347, 571, 266, 632, 38491, 90, 821, 85, 25183, 716, 3696, 13401, 1392, 8729, 877, 74, 770, 30160, 327, 11500, 15604, 13, 546, 39402, 441, 7381, 13, 20463, 5847, 405, 571, 8919, 13401, 618, 37577, 49635, 12271, 40380, 16564, 4164, 1342, 39939, 257, 402, 4462, 255, 834, 66, 1484, 12216, 86, 29662, 266, 15, 4673, 24821, 536, 9245, 7905, 9041, 327, 32202, 5021, 1578, 770, 40467, 15175, 4927, 29074, 13, 20463, 39939, 327, 716, 13107, 1767, 13065, 249, 465, 729, 41376, 246, 2381, 29074, 15, 187, 3251, 13, 20463, 618, 312, 1405, 246, 18453, 6841, 5847, 405, 249, 246, 6841, 21964, 298, 412, 503, 28709, 49635, 12271, 40380, 16564, 13, 4285, 11554, 2887, 30252, 4002, 396, 39402, 5269, 528, 14, 8729, 1218, 3227, 14, 39483, 9226, 821, 74, 536, 328, 2110, 282, 402, 321, 893, 618, 580, 307, 38334, 8729, 258, 601, 770, 5781, 13, 20463, 480, 375, 298, 1550, 15175, 69, 6841, 79, 17685, 1465, 21380, 661, 1105, 14899, 480, 375, 76, 316, 2177, 400, 1392, 296, 12502, 13, 396, 22616, 480, 1368, 563, 30252, 249, 5828, 1440, 2995, 17062, 15, 322, 32187, 13865, 17183, 652, 86, 6362, 29348, 413, 6148, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 249, 1108, 480, 21432, 7905, 86, 4631, 249, 5303, 945, 5309, 265, 770, 40467, 6841, 1392, 268, 6968, 5738, 6502, 78, 6841, 1108, 246, 782, 27521, 24339, 6736, 327, 1045, 11170, 1440, 15175, 1218, 1689, 262, 10789, 18524, 45641, 27561, 28542, 414, 22516, 1392, 29348, 413, 6156, 8215, 27, 79, 826, 49386, 14899, 45641, 300, 484, 66, 15, 308, 44885, 45641, 300, 484, 1432, 9608, 46669, 37821, 1392, 22616, 18889, 246, 2880, 257, 76, 21964, 1484, 28954, 347, 571, 13, 2873, 893, 396, 34163, 3889, 864, 85, 328, 307, 13, 29348, 4530, 30687, 455, 26307, 298, 1550, 15175, 69, 1392, 2649, 2381, 22289, 42454, 42468, 2827, 302, 23105, 248, 13077, 43236, 327, 11500, 15604, 28542, 414, 16750, 1218, 75, 255, 1190, 770, 1392, 21380, 48155, 632, 1479, 16713, 303, 2966, 25445, 8729, 246, 18453, 6841, 24821, 536, 9245, 246, 2880, 257, 5914, 44918, 268, 15175, 4998, 362, 24470, 25445, 632, 24524, 8962, 86, 438, 15959, 15, 187, 54, 438, 15959, 1185, 5751, 74, 400, 739, 1392, 25685, 5256, 1464, 266, 480, 1368, 9903, 1906, 4530, 8727, 8729, 340, 73, 3354, 1906, 4530, 382, 3592, 5738, 256, 32187, 770, 1432, 507, 86, 13511, 5781, 29348, 413, 13917, 45641, 571, 2827, 414, 48931, 12580, 561, 32187, 770, 1432, 571, 362, 49333, 2827, 74, 49659, 1208, 85, 900, 14302, 15, 10283, 249, 1392, 25685, 5256, 1464, 266, 44918, 246, 284, 522, 86, 13000, 571, 299, 384, 80, 6362, 549, 87, 412, 6653, 532, 6592, 859, 1914, 8729, 256, 32187, 13865, 90, 45161, 2381, 9226, 42454, 261, 4415, 11895, 81, 647, 24533, 15, 308, 44885, 327, 340, 22516, 288, 1164, 267, 12784, 8727, 8729, 1114, 303, 307, 4530, 261, 12784, 8727, 465, 8627, 90, 661, 36825, 13, 3371, 5741, 479, 301, 6841, 327, 27082, 12198, 2585, 1392, 21380, 15, 308, 1392, 48155, 327, 44130, 770, 1392, 249, 465, 8627, 656, 1616, 76, 2610, 6077, 26243, 384, 1392, 21380, 29045, 1484, 438, 17062, 4164, 7373, 2381, 29045, 13, 480, 30797, 465, 536, 251, 4631, 292, 549, 87, 412, 6653, 532, 6592, 859, 262, 12910, 13077, 8962, 255, 340, 661, 414, 261, 6147, 414, 22516, 22516, 8729, 465, 536, 251, 4631, 292, 340, 661, 414, 261, 6147, 414, 661, 292, 45641, 43236, 2827, 21964, 4123, 261, 1758, 268, 1914, 303, 86, 4881, 261, 1758, 549, 87, 412, 6653, 532, 2381, 2967, 34103, 1392, 13, 42845, 4530, 11329, 87, 770, 1392, 87, 12271, 821, 85, 47476, 278, 1392, 9608, 12271, 281, 553, 661, 6231, 80, 6362, 15 ]

ingot, joita aiheutui Parmalatin, Enronin, WorldComin ja muiden yritysten tapauksessa. Nämä kaikki julkaisivat aikanaan neljännesvuosikatsauksia, ja lopputuloksen voimme nähdä – älkäämme siis rasittako yrityksiä tuottamattomilla toimilla. Toiseksi oikeudellisten ja sisämarkkina-asioiden valiokunta piti tärkeänä, että direktiivi on sähköistä kaupparekisteriä koskevan direktiivin mukainen. Sisällytimme tähän direktiiviin lausekkeen, jonka nojalla jäsenvaltiot voivat perinteidensä mukaisesti säätää vaadittujen tietojen julkaisemisesta Internetin sijasta muissa tiedotusvälineissä. Onnistuimme sisällyttämään tämän säännön myös avoimuusdirektiiviin. Mielestäni näin varmistetaan, että jäsenvaltioiden lainsäätäjät voivat käsitellä kahta direktiiviä, joissa on samankaltainen sisältö, samalla tavalla. Pidämme tätä tärkeänä. Oikeudellisten ja sisämarkkina-asioiden valiokunta on lisäksi tyytyväinen velkapapereita koskevaan ratkaisuun. Oikeudellisten ja sisämarkkina-asioiden valiokunnassa käytyjen neuvottelujen tulos sai meidät huolestumaan siitä, että saattaisimme joutua IAS:n täytäntöönpanoa koskevassa kysymyksessä epäedulliseen asemaan Yhdysvaltojen kanssa käytävissä neuvotteluissa. Tämä kuitenkin estetään mielestäni nyt laaditulla aiempien oikeuksien rajoitettua säilyttämistä koskevalla säännöllä, ja neuvotteluasemamme ei ole aiempaa huonompi. Me vain teemme asiat hankalammaksi niille, jotka jo ovat Euroopassa. Kaiken kaikkiaan olen tyytyväinen tähän tulokseen ja kiitän erittäin lämpimästi esittelijäkollegoitani ja varjoesittelijöitä yhteistyöstä. Karas (PPE-DE ). – Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa komission jäsen Villiers, jäsen Skinner, aluksi totean, että kumpikin direktiivi on osa rahoituspalveluja koskevaa toimintasuunnitelmaa, ja näin ollen ne auttavat lujittamaan ja toteuttamaan sisäisiä rahoitusmarkkinoita. Toiseksi haluan todeta, että kumpikin direktiivi on suuri saavutus parlamentille ja parlamentaariselle yhteispäätösmenettelylle. Kolmanneksi nykyisessä muodossaan kummassakin direktiivissä on muutettu olennaisesti sekä komission luonnosta että yhteistä kantaa ja tuotu nämä lähemmäksi parlamentin näkemystä. Avoimuusdirektiivistä onkin jo todettu, että komission ehdotus EU:n pörssilistoilla olevien yritysten velvoittamisesta laatimaan neljännesvuosikatsauksia on nyt saatu pois päiväjärjestyksestä ja aivan perustellusti. Lainoja koskevia avoimuusvaatimuksia on parannettu huomattavasti. Nyt sovitulla yritystietojen julkaisemista koskevalla sanamuodolla varmistetaan, että jäsenvaltiot voivat vaatia omia yrityksiään julkaisemaan tiedot painetussa muodossa. Vaatimus tietojen samanaikaisesta julkaisemisesta on poistettu. Sijoituspalveludirektiivistä voin sanoa ainoastaan sen, että olisin ollut tyytyväisempi, jos 27 artiklassa olisi määritetty toimeksiannon tarkka koko tai jos johdanto-osan 49 kappale olisi poistettu. On kuitenkin tärkeää, että mietinnön avulla olemme onnistuneet löytämään kultaisen keskitien erilaisten kansallisten etunäkökohtien, Euroopan sisämarkkinoita koskevien etujen ja egoististen pyrkimystemme välillä, ja tästä kiitän lämpimästi esittelijä Villiersiä. Hänen ansiostaan kolme rahoitusmarkkinoiden kannalta erittäin tärkeää valtiota – Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta, Tanska ja Ruotsi – ovat nyt mukana, vaikka ne eivät alun perin kannattaneet yhteistä kantaa, ja markkinaosapuolet voivat nyt hyödyntää parempaa direktiiviä. Katiforis (PSE ). Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, sekä avoimuusvaatimusten yhdenmukaistamista että rahoituspalveluja koskevalla direktiivillä saatetaan tänään päätökseen vaikea prosessi, joka on vaatinut rahoituspalvelujen osalta valtavia ponnistuksia erityisesti esittelijä Villiersiltä. Tähän asiaan liittyy valtavia teknisiä ja poliittisia ongelmia, enkä usko, että prosessia olisi saatu päätökseen ilman hänen suunnatonta uutteruuttaan. Sen vuoksi haluan onnitella esittelijää siitä, että hän on tehnyt niin kovasti töitä. Se, että saamme tämän prosessin tänään lopultakin päätökseen, merkitsee parlamentille sekä talous- ja raha-asioiden valiokunnalle suurta saavutusta ja osoittaa, että jos lainsäädännön hyväksyminen joskus viivästyy, se ei johdu parlamentin velttoudesta. Sijoituspalveluja koskevan direktiivin – josta haluaisin sen varjoesittelijänä puhua enemmän – tarkoituksena on elvyttää rahoitusalalla toimivia yrityksiä koskeva EU:n laajuinen toimilupa. Tämä toimilupajärjestelmä ei ole tietenkään uusi asia, mutta se oli vanhentunut, koska kansallisten lainsäädäntöjen väliset erot aiheuttivat ongelmia yritysten rajatylittävässä liiketoiminnassa ja tämän vuoksi tietenkin myös pääoman vapaassa liikkuvuudessa. Uudessa direktiivissä ehdotetaan johdonmukaista ja yhdenmukaistettua sijoittajansuojaa koskevia toimia erityisesti piensijoittajia varten eri jäsenvaltioissa. Siinä ehdotetaan myös tasapuolisia ehtoja arvopaperipörssien ja sijoitusyhtiöiden väliselle kilpailulle. Tämä on yksi hankalimmista ja monimutkaisimmista kysymyksistä, joita meidän on käsiteltävä. Tässä on nimittäin kysymys markkinoilla nähtävästä uudesta ilmiöstä, jossa kokonaiset arvopaperipörssit muuttuvat yksityisyrityksiksi ja kokonaiset yksityisyritykset toimivat eräänlaisina pienimuotoisina arvopaperipörsseinä, jotka selvittävät valtavat määrät toimeksiantoja.

[ 1723, 13, 597, 778, 452, 253, 954, 2834, 8416, 281, 253, 3963, 2952, 15, 13728, 273, 616, 2457, 2145, 3958, 588, 1705, 1411, 15202, 8615, 281, 1056, 253, 27613, 15, 380, 643, 1264, 403, 327, 253, 3971, 15, 187, 187, 510, 6112, 29629, 452, 247, 2716, 14, 13197, 1421, 327, 253, 1273, 4956, 3120, 6308, 13, 533, 597, 1089, 3746, 275, 247, 8105, 16056, 15, 380, 29629, 452, 3663, 5093, 4951, 13, 285, 1249, 562, 273, 1638, 3958, 275, 4397, 15, 1583, 452, 2800, 12640, 3958, 1411, 4956, 3120, 523, 13577, 285, 812, 1089, 3746, 562, 273, 253, 5492, 604, 597, 1053, 457, 85, 1614, 1841, 1475, 15, 187, 187, 4509, 253, 6589, 5791, 13, 253, 19585, 28322, 3841, 285, 1457, 2816, 33891, 403, 1048, 28853, 281, 4035, 4882, 275, 4437, 15, 322, 2835, 767, 285, 374, 15, 22, 3958, 562, 13, 2975, 13, 597, 457, 620, 1097, 878, 281, 1379, 5750, 273, 616, 581, 2962, 1669, 342, 253, 416, 698, 15, 380, 6671, 812, 5649, 432, 616, 2952, 14, 1946, 2962, 15, 19585, 588, 3167, 253, 9693, 4410, 27705, 13, 665, 452, 2168, 15312, 598, 253, 9025, 4060, 15, 1457, 2816, 310, 11526, 281, 1132, 253, 1698, 314, 14296, 15123, 2921, 15, 187, 187, 510, 19802, 16869, 452, 253, 1682, 4839, 273, 667, 1655, 1327, 14, 1993, 2727, 2285, 281, 3330, 253, 4956, 3120, 15, 2726, 2145, 3958, 1669, 13, 597, 1790, 816, 247, 2716, 14, 13197, 562, 273, 253, 49982, 15, 2732, 247, 1264, 14, 13197, 873, 342, 253, 15391, 3228, 14655, 932, 13, 19802, 1912, 457, 85, 452, 281, 2454, 247, 49865, 253, 1551, 273, 253, 1039, 15, 187, 187, 510, 14655, 932, 403, 12331, 342, 253, 33891, 323, 253, 9065, 1924, 273, 667, 2285, 342, 247, 15958, 5103, 273, 16037, 1170, 715, 253, 27613, 15, 1583, 452, 690, 3524, 342, 616, 1390, 5093, 3958, 3551, 1411, 253, 16335, 2398, 32930, 285, 8068, 5219, 27705, 15, 187, 187, 1410, 15332, 15, 681, 556, 1691, 247, 7155, 327, 253, 29034, 14512, 273, 1016, 4956, 3120, 29874, 15, 23195, 403, 253, 3645, 12234, 34601, 13653, 323, 512, 273, 1110, 15202, 13, 2556, 281, 34239, 462, 13, 347, 973, 347, 512, 273, 616, 5780, 28631, 15, 187, 9, 8012, 10, 187, 31900, 316, 416, 15, 27196, 2775, 2350, 48, 13, 18160, 13, 187, 87, 15, 187, 9244, 431, 15, 6277, 416, 2925, 15400, 16408, 13, 21485, 15, 187, 2302, 15, 16703, 14, 8887, 14, 45701, 9, 12695, 35, 481, 187, 11586, 2077, 4412, 2111, 13, 411, 15, 37, 15, 1457, 2816, 15, 187, 21859, 655, 13, 4695, 15, 187, 187, 34246, 34316, 4889, 19140, 187, 15778, 39321, 444, 15, 378, 26081, 2775, 1042, 42, 13, 1986, 2077, 46527, 6798, 15, 187, 187, 42, 15, 12276, 187, 31900, 316, 416, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 5550, 9873, 348, 3377, 3, 390, 346, 30351, 254, 8375, 6607, 407, 14667, 5067, 19027, 322, 15, 7608, 250, 13, 49286, 904, 14993, 247, 2416, 273, 23870, 20689, 10376, 281, 3349, 530, 15, 52, 15, 36, 15, 3015, 374, 15161, 327, 253, 3720, 273, 5575, 10281, 2192, 2683, 1005, 275, 253, 3883, 273, 9611, 5966, 1411, 779, 327, 4437, 337, 13, 8065, 13, 327, 7260, 273, 1273, 4248, 44182, 285, 2626, 4248, 6424, 10023, 273, 247, 10485, 15, 380, 4676, 452, 42243, 281, 16322, 273, 436, 2647, 407, 247, 26462, 5963, 10376, 281, 3349, 530, 15, 52, 15, 36, 15, 3015, 49921, 9, 68, 2769, 18, 481, 187, 187, 42, 15, 22481, 780, 17720, 285, 37611, 1546, 9541, 187, 187, 34, 15, 42372, 187, 9873, 348, 3377, 369, 38455, 327, 767, 9372, 273, 46681, 275, 253, 6347, 46997, 313, 4257, 2816, 44252, 5405, 5550, 49, 15, 45, 25107, 3015, 11140, 15, 1099, 9, 18, 582, 313, 19, 9679, 581, 1385, 273, 20526, 23443, 2738, 273, 247, 844, 23821, 275, 253, 6347, 46997, 13, 271, 12360, 17974, 313, 49, 15, 45, 15, 3015, 25905, 15, 2941, 582, 581, 1385, 273, 20526, 23443, 2738, 273, 247, 844, 23821, 275, 253, 12245, 46997, 13, 271, 12360, 17974, 313, 49, 15, 45, 15, 3015, 25905, 15, 2640, 9, 21, 9679, 285, 581, 1385, 273, 1294, 1856, 959, 7890, 273, 844, 40127, 13, 271, 12360, 17974, 313, 49, 15, 45, 15, 3015, 25905, 15, 1671, 9, 19, 5029, 380, 7260, 8424, 1314, 432, 3094, 348, 3377, 434, 5575, 10171, 275, 253, 9602, 2471, 273, 4744, 24986, 19530, 5985, 5550, 44, 375, 19530, 5985, 3, 390, 346, 783, 5487, 2807, 275, 253, 3228, 273, 28299, 327, 4163, 3349, 13, 8210, 15, 187, 187, 35, 15, 380, 1608, 22933, 187, 510, 1563, 15010, 6010, 556, 644, 20786, 20625, 432, 2332, 2909, 13, 347, 973, 347, 11810, 434, 16939, 4864, 285, 253, 14079, 434, 16939, 4864, 15, 496, 253, 2393, 4131, 3038, 273, 4163, 3349, 13, 8210, 13, 24986, 19530, 5985, 285, 2620, 273, 521, 3858, 574, 1669, 247, 3128, 387, 247, 3331, 434, 2419, 534, 574, 13207, 253, 2360, 1078, 15, 24986, 19530, 5985, 369, 253, 896, 36443, 15828, 275, 521, 3331, 6893, 353, 6133, 6646, 434, 12673, 18623, 1940, 15, 5220, 1246, 275, 253, 1113, 497, 616, 3858, 22723, 401, 3298, 274, 5550, 39, 3298, 274, 8375, 13114, 19995, 5550, 24354, 1402, 8375, 6277, 31424, 5550, 56, 25823, 6788, 1583, 497, 1563, 253, 15515, 3331, 13, 20839, 367, 1403, 676, 9327, 5550, 49, 1403, 676, 9327, 8375, 665, 369, 15150, 521, 25812, 1728, 15, 2732, 344, 8231, 521, 13696, 13, 367, 1403, 676, 9327, 1694, 715, 253, 32732, 273, 253, 9988, 15, 353, 6133, 6646, 369, 1469, 281, 4446, 731, 281, 253, 2170, 835, 344, 3786, 574, 6940, 13, 2822, 253, 18232, 3423, 39607, 15, 401, 3298, 274, 3786, 574, 5469, 1469, 281, 1529, 2419, 281, 346, 788, 715, 247, 3819, 3, 533, 642, 581, 369, 581, 13, 594, 353, 6133, 6646, 4821, 281, 4446, 731, 1475, 15, 187, 1909, 253, 4958, 3531, 4830, 48248, 5720, 13, 597, 4817, 247, 2872, 2806, 5086, 597, 1996, 3636, 347, 3094, 348, 3377, 13, 665, 369, 7824, 327, 253, 6406, 15, 416, 15, 22, 2405, 13, 721, 1508, 13, 818, 2270, 14, 4739, 13, 854, 2417, 14, 3208, 13, 898, 2357, 14, 3141, 4681, 18, 62, 831, 637, 369, 9398, 7351, 4233, 32353, 13, 247, 3168, 17433, 73, 4580, 11834, 247, 2806, 14, 395, 14, 11300, 1161, 33144, 433, 14133, 13, 285, 369, 8785, 247, 2143, 7351, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 285, 253, 2872, 1821, 275, 253, 12673, 18623, 1940, 858, 417, 871, 1016, 643, 28, 253, 9602, 8505, 369, 45554, 407, 253, 6431, 273, 16076, 4453, 875, 401, 3298, 274, 13, 253, 2914, 14, 36443, 15828, 13, 285, 3094, 348, 3377, 13, 665, 369, 7824, 327, 253, 33619, 15, 401, 3298, 274, 8176, 326, 344, 369, 2819, 281, 755, 715, 247, 3819, 326, 2360, 15, 754, 7558, 326, 3094, 348, 3377, 369, 4933, 779, 271, 11790, 1007, 13, 285, 753, 13, 346, 1276, 449, 401, 3298, 274, 19294, 13, 346, 1276, 13, 3101, 71, 18141, 865, 896, 387, 779, 15, 416, 15, 19603, 14, 3571, 13, 44504, 13, 721, 1731, 13, 898, 2787, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 19294, 1633, 896, 15, 416, 15, 42980, 13, 721, 1731, 14, 1630, 13, 898, 2787, 14, 1438, 15, 353, 6133, 6646, 6331, 253, 9988, 13, 285, 401, 3298, 274, 43788, 342, 253, 3000, 13, 346, 42, 717, 1469, 281, 755, 562, 285, 3819, 779, 449, 416, 15, 42980, 13, 44443, 13, 721, 1619, 13, 854, 1549, 13, 898, 1438, 14, 26, 3593, 15, 353, 6133, 6646, 753, 326, 344, 6331, 253, 1113, 984, 672, 3094, 348, 3377, 346, 90, 5911, 1633, 896, 359, 497, 3164, 1469, 281, 755, 562, 285, 7171, 779, 598, 390, 5913, 359, 497, 1469, 281, 513, 281, 779, 449, 187, 7130, 281, 401, 3298, 274, 13, 1223, 344, 369, 6306, 275, 253, 6406, 13, 3094, 348, 3377, 28435, 13, 346, 1276, 13, 368, 971, 619, 2583, 865, 15, 416, 15, 42082, 13, 818, 4739, 13, 854, 3763, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 7320, 562, 752, 5420, 281, 320, 247, 5654, 285, 4395, 2584, 779, 15, 3900, 6306, 275, 253, 6406, 13, 401, 3298, 274, 4767, 326, 11810, 3407, 281, 1408, 387, 779, 15, 416, 15, 42082, 14, 1787, 13, 45610, 13, 43138, 14, 2405, 13, 818, 4529, 14, 4590, 13, 818, 2222, 13, 854, 3571, 13, 898, 3507, 14, 3245, 15, 31424, 671, 7859, 326, 344, 2540, 253, 2060, 3785, 247, 5654, 562, 432, 3212, 521, 896, 285, 1127, 352, 387, 253, 4958, 1223, 5877, 352, 275, 247, 37126, 5133, 15, 401, 3298, 274, 3735, 19995, 13, 665, 369, 1335, 275, 253, 9988, 13, 1375, 13, 346, 248, 434, 10922, 323, 1633, 3346, 544, 73, 62, 70, 434, 1694, 1633, 275, 521, 1133, 3346, 344, 434, 1694, 247, 5654, 449, 416, 15, 13851, 15, 401, 3298, 274, 4767, 3094, 348, 3377, 3982, 521, 1669, 1133, 598, 13, 285, 344, 2540, 752, 5420, 281, 320, 247, 5654, 8042, 387, 779, 15, 2058, 326, 1127, 13, 401, 3298, 274, 458, 1739, 896, 715, 253, 4958, 285, 2183, 353, 6133, 6646, 281, 755, 562, 273, 627, 15, 187, 1909, 253, 18623, 1940, 369, 6276, 1977, 13, 767, 390, 1264, 13768, 25791, 562, 15, 2732, 4854, 247, 3497, 2740, 13, 19995, 3735, 24986, 19530, 5985, 10578, 326, 344, 574, 644, 4352, 15, 416, 15, 34458, 14, 3156, 13, 721, 2405, 14, 1610, 13, 818, 1525, 13, 854, 1540, 14, 2082, 13, 898, 2227, 14, 26, 2691, 15, 15092, 2620, 281, 3578, 2909, 273, 253, 9602, 13, 253, 5487, 285, 521, 3858, 7244, 387, 271, 8945, 2316, 15, 416, 15, 49046, 13, 721, 1787, 13, 818, 1525, 14, 10695, 13, 854, 2251, 15, 24986, 19530, 5985, 369, 7591, 281, 320, 9809, 28, 253, 16950, 574, 18753, 758, 2067, 273, 521, 12232, 15384, 15, 416, 15, 49895, 13, 48891, 13, 818, 1525, 13, 854, 2082, 13, 898, 2597, 15, 187, 10572, 3578, 281, 6818, 2909, 846, 326, 13, 253, 3513, 7244, 13, 416, 15, 42772, 13, 721, 1839, 13, 14212, 13, 898, 2270, 15, 12743, 330, 27640, 932, 5985, 13, 665, 8523, 20114, 253, 12170, 13, 7859, 326, 401, 3298, 274, 13, 253, 2914, 14, 36443, 15828, 13, 2529, 253, 30702, 347, 247, 346, 11958, 5086, 275, 521, 2500, 47798, 13, 3346, 1708, 14, 3319, 13172, 13, 3346, 9398, 247, 2806, 285, 3168, 1161, 33144, 433, 14133, 13, 32353, 13, 285, 344, 574, 247, 500, 507, 21483, 544, 25831, 62, 1984, 7351, 24554, 416, 15, 1423, 15, 5131, 12170, 2529, 253, 30702, 347, 247, 346, 3243, 14, 3319, 13172, 3, 346, 3319, 23819, 3, 2806, 5086, 13, 670, 2800, 14, 48524, 14, 85, 455, 13, 342, 247, 346, 24481, 2372, 273, 17754, 4707, 449, 831, 5740, 12555, 3, 3243, 14, 3319, 13172, 2806, 5086, 342, 247, 7856, 327, 13, 544, 395, 9398, 62, 2806, 285, 3168, 1161, 33144, 433, 2159, 14, 84, 282, 1173, 264, 14133, 13, 4797, 14, 5173, 266, 32353, 60, 15, 9336, 416, 15, 48828, 13, 48242, 13, 854, 2090, 12555, 4238, 10675, 689, 253, 3513, 5553, 387, 670, 495, 27, 1010, 247, 15, 78, 15, 22389, 40289, 13, 665, 574, 7244, 13515, 17096, 281, 2589, 253, 921, 14, 484, 8137, 13, 6828, 326, 253, 2620, 12170, 320, 9070, 432, 1016, 643, 594, 326, 597, 651, 417, 4035, 281, 2312, 15995, 3746, 15, 187, 21756, 398, 42449, 4351, 285, 5219, 665, 497, 327, 21820, 4441, 247, 1436, 15602, 281, 3761, 253, 5740, 313, 74, 15, 70, 904, 3094, 348, 3377, 10, 275, 253, 21520, 273, 48248, 285, 18232, 3423, 13, 253, 16851, 4328, 835, 253, 9602, 574, 5866, 15, 416, 15, 44034, 14, 1010, 13, 898, 2357, 14, 3141, 15, 3094, 348, 3377, 369, 7824, 342, 247, 3331, 273, 521, 13, 33357, 23698, 5550, 41, 27995, 6788, 60, 19, 62, 37209, 42449, 4351, 285, 5219, 7244, 342, 3094, 348, 3377, 670, 2620, 281, 2800, 2909, 846, 253, 10675, 15, 187, 688, 253, 22849, 13, 3739, 11570, 275, 253, 8945, 2316, 574, 8191, 253, 5487, 434, 3858, 326, 344, 574, 4962, 15, 12743, 330, 27640, 932, 5985, 2905, 326, 5749, 66, 62, 620, 20142, 9377, 562, 275, 253, 3346, 7220, 672, 253, 2872, 10692, 2210, 562, 432, 253, 14977, 2316, 285, 6138, 326, 344, 369, 4783, 13, 326, 344, 1871, 4962, 449, 416, 15, 938, 15, 2596, 637, 346, 5478, 60, 264, 62, 270, 3834, 521, 3564, 1411, 253, 27034, 3, 275, 253, 1821, 434, 2316, 285, 1529 ]

However, they may have the most difficult finish to the regular season. Ten of their final 13 games will come against clubs fighting to make the playoffs. The other three are on the road. The Texas Rangers have a half-game lead on the second wild card spot, but they find themselves in a tailspin. The Rangers have lost seven straight, and 12 out of 14 games in September. They have six consecutive games against wild card contenders and could find themselves out of the race if they don’t turn things around. From the AL East, the Baltimore Orioles and New York Yankees are longshots to continue playing in October. Sitting two and 2.5 games out, respectively, they’ll both need to take advantage of their one series left with the Rays. The teams could benefit from their season-ending series. Baltimore will host the Boston Red Sox, who have already wrapped up the division title. New York is scheduled to play the lowly Houston Astros. The Cleveland Indians have the best chance of any current non-playoff team to win the wild card. With 13 games left, they sit just a half-game out of the postseason. After a three-game set with the Kansas City Royals, Cleveland won’t have to face a contender the rest of the way. The Royals are tied with the Yankees for the worst record of any team with a realistic shot of sneaking into the playoffs. They have some hope with their last seven games coming against the Seattle Mariners and Chicago White Sox. ESPN.com has put a percentage on the playoff chances of each wild card hopeful. Below are the World Series betting odds for all of those clubs, according to Bodog, as well as all of their remaining schedules. (2008) Marcus R. CORCHADO, Petitioner, v. Supt. Michael RABIDEAU, Respondent. No. 04-CV-0039(VEB). United States District Court, W.D. New York. September 19, 2008. DECISION AND ORDER VICTOR E. BIANCHINI, United States Magistrate Judge. I. Introduction Marcus R. Corchado ("Corchado" or "petitioner"), represented by retained counsel Nelson S. Torre, Esq., seeks a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254 on the basis of alleged constitutional infirmities in the judgment of conviction entered against him on October 1, 1998, on charges of second degree manslaughter and third degree criminal possession of a weapon. The parties have consented to disposition of this matter by a magistrate judge pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(c)(1). I. Factual Background and Procedural History A. Overview Corchado was indicted on two counts of Murder in the Second Degree (New York Penal Law ("P.L.") § 125.25(1), (2)), one count of Criminal Possession of a Weapon in the Second Degree, an armed felony (P.L. § 265.03), one count of Criminal Possession of a Weapon in the Third Degree, an armed felony (P.L. § 265.02(4)), and one count of Prohibited Use of Weapons, an armed felony (P.L. § 265.35(2)). The charges stemmed from Corchado's alleged involvement in the shooting death of Mark Kosmoski ("Kosmoski" or "the victim") in the City of Buffalo on July 28, 1997. B. The Shooting The following factual summary has been gleaned from trial minutes, as well as petitioner's appellate brief and the prosecution's appellate brief. In the early morning hours of July 28, 1997, Kosmoski and five of his friends had left a party at a friend's house which had begun the night before. Kosmoski was the backseat passenger in his friend Frank Militello's Ford Bronco. Also present in the car were their friends Sean Farrar ("Farrar"), Ryan Murray ("Murray"), Michael Wagner ("Wagner"). They were following the sixth friend, Justin Pawlowski ("Pawlowski"), who was riding his bicycle home. After he dropped his bike, Pawlowski got into the hatch of the truck. Militello was going to drive them to the area where he previously had lived, near the Langfield Projects. Farrar previously had discussed going to another house to "get into a fight" but no one was one, so Militello continued to drive them around. As the vehicle turned onto Edison Street, they passed a young black male they later identified as Corchado, who was walking on the street. R.531, 623, 790-91, 855-56, 977-78.[1] This man was wearing baggy shorts, a white undershirt beneath a black-and-white checkered shirt, and was carrying a school bag. Corchado and the young men in the Ford Bronco did not know each other; the shooting apparently was precipitated by the exchange of dirty looks between Farrar, the front-seat passenger, and Corchado, who was walking on the sidewalk. Farrar admitted that he was looking to get into a fight that night. He claimed that Corchado was giving him an angry look, and said, "What." Farrar shouted, "What, motherfucker?" back at him. R.162-63, 533, 626, 979. Corchado shouted something back. R.535, 626-27, 979-80. Militello stopped the truck, and Farrar exited with the words, "I am going to get out and fight him." R.535, 556, 628, 860, 980-981. Militello said that he stopped the car because when Corchado "yelled something back we were probably going to get out and beat him up or whatever we were going to do to him." According to Farrar, while he was standing in the street, Corchado yelled, "What, you want my money?". R.536, 791, 862. Corchado pulled out what appeared to be a gun and moved toward him. While standing in the street, Farrar stated that petitioner began to run at him. R.536-37, 539, 630-31, 792-93, 795, 863, 982-83. Wagner also testified that he observed the individual pull a gun out from behind his back and point it at the vehicle while holding it in a tilted manner. Farrar heard Murray, who was still in the truck, state, "he's reaching for something ... [h]e's got something in his hand ... he's got a gun." R.168. Farrar stated Corchado brought his left hand up, and he observed what appeared to be a gun pointed at him. At that point, Farrar leapt back into the vehicle and told Militello to get out of there. As the Bronco was driving away, two or three shots rang out. After hearing a window break, Murray heard Kosmoski announce that he had been hit. R.540-41, 631-33, 799, 864-65, 985-986. Within five to ten minutes of the shooting, the victim and his friends arrived at an emergency room. R.543, 637, 799-800, 867. Kosmoski was unable to be saved; the bullet had pierced several of his vital organs. R.542, 633, 799, 865, 987. About ten to twenty minutes after that, the police arrived, R.545, 638, 800, 990. Officer Czekalski, who initially interviewed the witnesses, testified that Farrar, the front-seat passenger, described the shooter as a "black male in his twenties, ... light-skinned, ... wearing a black and white checkered shirt, shorts, and he had a Jans Sport [sic] book bag...." R.22. Other witnesses described the shooter as a "light-skinned" "skinny" black male, about six-feet-tall, with a "little bit of facial hair." This description"light-skinned black male with a hat on, [and wearing] black and white checkered short-sleeved shirt, blue-jean shorts[.]" R.639, 801, 869was broadcast over the police radio at about 3:15 a.m. Lieutenant Doyle, who had arrived shortly thereafter to conduct the show-up identification, directed that the five witnesses be separated from each other so that they would not continue to talk amongst themselves. Officers Hosking and White who were on patrol located a person appearing to match the description (i.e., Corchado) in the vicinity of Edison and Langfield, the approximate location where the shooting had occurred. R.714-15, 977-78. Corchado was walking with a friend of his, Adrian Harrison ("Harrison").[2] Officers Hosking and White arrived with Corchado about five to six minutes after the broadcast. In the meantime, medical personnel in the emergency room had informed the victim's friends that he had died. Officer Czekalski related that "[a]ll chaos broke out in the ... ER when the young lady came out from the trauma room and announced that he was gone, that he'd died." R.20. One man "start[ed] bashing his hands against the mirrors" in the men's room and another

[ 8994, 22, 23368, 16, 11151, 481, 380, 4477, 2361, 642, 4583, 3910, 275, 3437, 21, 285, 7452, 5771, 275, 253, 3939, 285, 16254, 6174, 533, 627, 369, 2406, 3302, 6532, 7452, 5771, 2190, 5014, 342, 1941, 273, 2169, 19471, 2429, 281, 1110, 342, 2406, 390, 642, 2854, 5189, 13, 2299, 436, 3064, 369, 417, 12321, 387, 1996, 673, 2792, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 11027, 1184, 14522, 13, 17085, 432, 253, 33556, 2604, 13801, 1263, 452, 4102, 2361, 247, 2074, 4560, 273, 2406, 3302, 7452, 5771, 285, 9907, 873, 1127, 2190, 7452, 1151, 16033, 332, 1336, 342, 21759, 6532, 3578, 1171, 34088, 2308, 2429, 281, 16254, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 15798, 1184, 27626, 26708, 13, 841, 767, 7313, 1804, 326, 690, 3486, 273, 3578, 1171, 34088, 327, 6532, 9907, 3301, 778, 320, 2326, 342, 2169, 19471, 2167, 253, 4294, 13, 7467, 285, 3382, 17200, 273, 436, 12340, 403, 417, 2568, 973, 7192, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 2067, 2442, 4606, 2139, 359, 285, 2571, 452, 2540, 1652, 3486, 273, 3578, 1171, 34088, 14, 15408, 2604, 13801, 327, 7452, 2728, 10005, 15, 380, 954, 18511, 1921, 310, 326, 275, 10307, 2175, 281, 3522, 13, 760, 247, 15156, 273, 5014, 342, 1151, 16033, 4149, 574, 21759, 3578, 1171, 34088, 387, 253, 673, 273, 1151, 16033, 4149, 13, 285, 275, 1142, 2219, 13, 19471, 281, 253, 1263, 1885, 2190, 1110, 665, 1151, 16033, 13083, 369, 4105, 4768, 253, 2332, 2180, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 14521, 1184, 3308, 627, 310, 8723, 2854, 1246, 342, 3710, 390, 642, 1055, 327, 253, 2728, 1617, 285, 7520, 2440, 273, 2854, 5052, 9197, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 10496, 1184, 9157, 13, 253, 4390, 7012, 16940, 323, 2604, 13801, 452, 4942, 2159, 2716, 14, 8206, 3021, 14155, 5445, 281, 253, 1331, 38959, 48377, 1309, 9894, 273, 1327, 324, 11724, 15, 733, 588, 320, 4619, 281, 1347, 10182, 956, 14, 484, 273, 5014, 665, 2489, 9813, 1309, 2175, 273, 2340, 1050, 1048, 8534, 1305, 302, 26850, 824, 347, 391, 300, 81, 43365, 460, 285, 7674, 302, 909, 3385, 343, 1955, 281, 253, 16707, 533, 749, 14, 783, 8233, 6532, 2308, 326, 403, 2540, 342, 841, 5835, 846, 16196, 2368, 273, 25602, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 17048, 1092, 1008, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 16604, 1184, 187, 187, 510, 4342, 273, 776, 1263, 497, 3710, 407, 253, 1698, 4583, 1263, 1885, 19471, 275, 15964, 47, 14, 4838, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 8972, 1184, 2091, 776, 1783, 369, 11096, 281, 253, 7946, 308, 14803, 16, 5518, 36, 5014, 342, 3578, 1171, 34088, 5189, 387, 253, 806, 42886, 1263, 4143, 13, 359, 969, 1119, 642, 3910, 275, 2728, 10005, 28, 2299, 13, 7605, 1612, 369, 3710, 13, 285, 19235, 359, 858, 417, 452, 2130, 3530, 323, 6814, 273, 14036, 6299, 273, 3578, 1171, 34088, 285, 802, 85, 695, 262, 36736, 13, 390, 323, 7103, 273, 2854, 6299, 387, 253, 673, 273, 806, 5481, 273, 1151, 16033, 4149, 275, 954, 5014, 15, 47042, 1783, 273, 253, 34152, 8875, 47502, 941, 556, 4232, 326, 253, 5020, 273, 5014, 342, 21759, 2308, 387, 253, 806, 42886, 673, 1127, 588, 452, 21759, 2308, 387, 6774, 12941, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 17758, 1184, 9157, 13, 359, 497, 417, 2104, 281, 2939, 323, 3910, 275, 7452, 2728, 10005, 407, 7452, 37623, 1955, 281, 1355, 3904, 273, 5014, 9813, 342, 1327, 14, 498, 796, 330, 6581, 28, 2299, 13, 2045, 2175, 452, 5183, 642, 3910, 275, 9907, 3301, 407, 37623, 15775, 2041, 15, 11027, 2227, 3953, 15, 709, 18348, 1184, 187, 187, 688, 6010, 13, 359, 2540, 2074, 7452, 2728, 6973, 275, 2255, 665, 497, 6883, 3578, 1171, 34088, 14, 3169, 7946, 390, 27457, 638, 14, 48917, 39633, 2429, 281, 16254, 275, 253, 15964, 47, 14, 4838, 2332, 283, 22202, 281, 643, 2175, 841, 941, 403, 3710, 407, 253, 4583, 1698, 19471, 281, 253, 1263, 3580, 15, 4129, 45462, 13, 14854, 956, 14, 484, 273, 1151, 16033, 332, 1336, 432, 10800, 285, 2852, 7587, 273, 1331, 38959, 48377, 5835, 908, 323, 12212, 403, 3309, 281, 4151, 3646, 285, 1682, 8333, 323, 2604, 13801, 15, 187, 187, 33327, 1491, 1712, 1704, 12058, 94, 187, 17863, 187, 187, 5146, 10570, 280, 29123, 285, 15772, 2278, 16431, 326, 2530, 1263, 9612, 15, 187, 187, 9, 27984, 57, 10, 187, 187, 5146, 2490, 187, 7146, 1060, 323, 3081, 941, 1873, 15, 187, 187, 510, 15964, 47, 14, 10496, 7241, 2285, 16995, 281, 5717, 253, 1263, 15986, 323, 616, 9940, 11497, 15, 844, 47444, 14409, 253, 1263, 4750, 432, 1458, 15299, 15022, 5489, 44857, 13, 253, 15964, 47, 5128, 11354, 285, 18300, 5197, 323, 941, 4323, 13, 285, 253, 34152, 8875, 7241, 2285, 313, 6869, 14, 1779, 3514, 13089, 570, 2398, 376, 35504, 285, 10035, 18907, 445, 5173, 481, 380, 12761, 67, 9429, 47992, 10701, 310, 14597, 407, 253, 3313, 6516, 273, 1876, 2124, 285, 49078, 784, 35852, 313, 5529, 18, 18128, 17, 28057, 1610, 13, 44171, 18, 18128, 17, 28057, 1010, 13, 44171, 18, 18128, 12971, 26522, 582, 342, 820, 14, 19431, 272, 432, 253, 475, 38, 328, 547, 16598, 1608, 9878, 11, 3313, 6516, 273, 8347, 4775, 285, 8801, 9753, 285, 253, 3313, 6516, 273, 29077, 4775, 13, 512, 4295, 273, 253, 530, 15, 52, 15, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 15, 380, 2600, 310, 12718, 253, 8294, 273, 253, 4477, 285, 1057, 417, 7933, 1957, 253, 3565, 6849, 273, 253, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 15, 187, 187, 5180, 18, 5218, 1401, 24163, 34665, 6098, 510, 4477, 452, 8884, 326, 642, 11771, 6284, 2226, 15, 187, 187, 5180, 19, 5218, 1401, 1773, 25455, 1320, 6098, 44067, 21708, 500, 35, 6019, 3233, 1095, 318, 6098, 49012, 6019, 39, 1939, 1783, 6098, 32322, 500, 35, 6019, 30381, 5538, 6098, 9942, 329, 15, 13343, 376, 34453, 378, 2415, 329, 15, 367, 1226, 13575, 11356, 39157, 10890, 18460, 26029, 14, 49, 22806, 20160, 6019, 6942, 1497, 6098, 44067, 21708, 49012, 11642, 6019, 11695, 5286, 6098, 44067, 21708, 11642, 49012, 16197, 500, 35, 6019, 22804, 6098, 9942, 329, 15, 13343, 376, 34453, 378, 2415, 329, 15, 367, 1226, 13575, 11356, 39157, 10890, 18460, 26029, 14, 49, 22806, 20160, 6019, 31495, 6098, 32322, 500, 35, 6019, 15705, 4694, 6098, 44067, 500, 35, 6019, 37587, 1969, 3236, 7482, 6098, 44067, 6019, 37587, 1969, 2278, 708, 14835, 6098, 32322, 9942, 329, 15, 13343, 376, 34453, 378, 2415, 329, 15, 367, 1226, 13575, 11356, 39157, 10890, 18460, 26029, 14, 49, 22806, 20160, 21708, 11642, 49012, 16197, 15, 187, 15804, 1372, 41, 2415, 3887, 52, 4889, 5208, 35, 7810, 2350, 1372, 42370, 26564, 21247, 8160, 14865, 21598, 5648, 3123, 2949, 611, 11156, 34, 187, 187, 55, 249, 1154, 418, 293, 333, 13, 17979, 3918, 27037, 387, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 34358, 9733, 13, 2296, 2136, 310, 16122, 1077, 3809, 275, 253, 18997, 281, 598, 7527, 8614, 9050, 187, 187, 11728, 263, 34358, 9733, 14469, 11354, 2434, 904, 12098, 13, 4232, 275, 5403, 13, 310, 247, 6036, 18875, 4270, 275, 11696, 875, 253, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 285, 253, 34358, 5901, 15, 26456, 418, 293, 333, 13, 310, 17979, 3918, 27037, 387, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 34358, 9733, 15, 844, 2546, 779, 281, 2028, 441, 625, 670, 253, 11696, 2866, 187, 187, 11862, 49246, 39, 3271, 6527, 3481, 11324, 5543, 52, 444, 9431, 2277, 25692, 1410, 10727, 418, 21466, 3322, 58, 5935, 444, 5707, 2277, 58, 187, 187, 1231, 3959, 4198, 33258, 31734, 407, 24399, 8614, 9891, 457, 3198, 13, 2791, 1783, 13, 285, 9933, 15040, 949, 4323, 13, 17117, 390, 16959, 3310, 15, 8874, 263, 34358, 9733, 13, 534, 310, 247, 6036, 18875, 2567, 13, 6125, 1097, 8614, 2390, 275, 9733, 15, 34358, 5901, 556, 8228, 715, 7552, 253, 4283, 1980, 8614, 1387, 285, 556, 253, 954, 9470, 3640, 327, 253, 1980, 2791, 15, 2726, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 457, 4156, 2990, 13, 9470, 7138, 20820, 13, 2266, 6224, 3268, 5147, 285, 4323, 871, 14, 5430, 13, 359, 452, 253, 1682, 11696, 281, 10196, 8379, 275, 3684, 9733, 15, 20058, 13, 359, 588, 6558, 776, 4283, 1899, 275, 253, 8614, 4491, 285, 2007, 1287, 21440, 3340, 275, 253, 18997, 285, 598, 7527, 8614, 9050, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 1057, 253, 20820, 2882, 273, 32, 187, 187, 510, 2567, 4390, 17209, 2164, 21440, 275, 2800, 8238, 313, 3251, 3941, 13, 4137, 33382, 13, 496, 46321, 13, 12073, 909, 86, 13, 28926, 33382, 13, 285, 19523, 266, 481, 3824, 20820, 273, 17739, 37035, 432, 18997, 281, 6982, 13, 1690, 4390, 33212, 1342, 13, 8481, 21988, 459, 13, 10733, 302, 293, 48426, 265, 13, 10733, 302, 293, 13, 21988, 459, 13, 18890, 261, 31297, 868, 13, 18890, 261, 13, 285, 18890, 261, 31706, 15, 187, 187, 11728, 263, 34358, 9733, 310, 253, 6253, 8614, 5572, 275, 9733, 342, 625, 685, 818, 13, 933, 9956, 13, 374, 13, 933, 6171, 285, 310, 671, 253, 760, 5213, 8614, 5572, 342, 247, 9933, 15942, 17929, 4441, 275, 36546, 15, 187, 187, 2347, 812, 368, 1682, 6266, 634, 1655, 9159, 275, 436, 2791, 32, 187, 187, 26747, 13, 359, 452, 247, 1077, 2266, 19274, 275, 253, 2791, 5742, 1561, 4260, 7527, 281, 6982, 8614, 9050, 15, 844, 497, 253, 806, 5213, 8614, 7138, 281, 37775, 253, 6982, 8614, 8776, 285, 281, 8379, 2489, 253, 4283, 8614, 6982, 7138, 342, 18890, 261, 2021, 17739, 15, 10733, 302, 293, 671, 556, 247, 2266, 3361, 275, 9733, 342, 767, 747, 7908, 19794, 4102, 5485, 275, 36546, 15, 844, 403, 671, 1024, 16122, 1077, 3809, 275, 18997, 281, 598, 7527, 8614, 9050, 342, 253, 5909, 273, 776, 954, 3332, 2199, 13, 36546, 22371, 3228, 15, 831, 27231, 773, 12022, 293, 14, 12813, 668, 5485, 697, 3369, 275, 4437, 4240, 13, 342, 337, 13, 14744, 9956, 285, 1740, 5799, 8874, 263, 24757, 1241, 17739, 15, 187, 187, 1276, 310, 634, 3971, 4251, 1108, 3340, 323, 18997, 3607, 1905, 275, 436, 2919, 32, 187, 187, 1552, 4163, 13, 359, 403, 5909, 253, 10733, 302, 293, 34358, 36546, 39571, 1473, 358, 328, 313, 44219, 9956, 582, 776, 806, 10733, 302, 293, 12480, 8614, 285, 12913, 34598, 15, 2726, 271, 11855, 43271, 412, 17603, 285, 24340, 6363, 285, 1375, 14, 273, 14, 783, 14, 435, 2534, 13, 359, 588, 969, 34647, 271, 12994, 1885, 323, 776, 12958, 15, 12772, 19065, 8614, 13, 534, 588, 320, 4441, 275, 23203, 276, 7112, 13, 36546, 588, 1527, 4260, 9169, 15, 4129, 359, 2550, 17611, 1199, 625, 387, 436, 1127, 13, 359, 452, 1142, 625, 12302, 6493, 275, 253, 15722, 323, 18997, 8614, 3607, 15, 24305, 10367, 30601, 272, 187, 187, 24305, 10367, 30601, 272, 310, 271, 22018, 1055, 13, 2326, 275, 1029, 2341, 8166, 20435, 15, 733, 310, 253, 906, 273, 253, 14561, 5016, 273, 8166, 7742, 342, 253, 18634, 4646, 13, 3798, 2329, 13, 534, 310, 16934, 407, 253, 11058, 273, 247, 6919, 273, 253, 7742, 15, 380, 2408, 273, 2341, 19360, 310, 247, 1159, 273, 253, 8166, 11225, 15, 380, 1307, 346, 35684, 30601, 272, 3, 310, 2223, 908, 281, 6266, 667, 1511, 273, 1881, 14, 6367, 346, 35684, 22841, 3, 273, 8166, 7742, 15, 187, 187, 5035, 671, 187, 40347, 34877, 1055, 187, 187, 4941, 1744, 12593, 187, 187, 1413, 27, 45, 12290, 5859, 187, 1413, 27, 11592, 8172, 35353, 50, 27, 187, 187, 7992, 974, 253, 8642, 9701, 14452, 281, 271, 3605, 275, 247, 4972, 187, 187, 42, 452, 247, 4972, 273, 2978, 427, 13, 285, 247, 3632, 3605, 801, 275, 326, 4972, 15, 187, 42, 651, 751, 281, 4908, 253, 1903, 8642, 14452, 13, 275, 253, 954, 13123, 1039, 1896, 13, 281, 801, 275, 253, 954, 5919, 1039, 13, 824, 347, 417, 281, 564, 4457, 253, 2978, 273, 253, 3236, 4972, 13, 285, 671, 417, 755, 4016, 14452, 15, 187, 32896, 27, 187, 338, 427, 426, 1052, 13, 285, 801, 426, 1749, 13, 309, 651, 751, 281, 4908, 21732, 27, 1518, 15, 187, 338, 801, 426, 495, 13, 253, 906, 943, 320, 337, 27, 883, 15, 187, 338, 801, 426, 23627, 13, 253, 906, 943, 320, 21732, 27, 1518, 15, 187, 42, 476, 513, 352, 342, 604, 533, 3133, 281, 31334, 27, 187, 567, 426, 1159, 9, 527, 13, 427, 910, 187, 50276, 24260, 426, 618, 377, 314, 9, 527, 13, 1159, 9, 89, 10, 260, 4464 ]

\>5 tablets/week). The authors reported no overall differences in CD4 and HIV RNA in the active and placebo arms but there was lower initial plasma HIV RNA among participants with evidence of higher adherence compared to those with lower or no drug detected, however this difference was not sustained at later time points.\[[@pone.0178594.ref017]\] Interestingly, investigators from the Partners PrEP study have recently reported a similar finding of lower initial HIV RNA and viral set point among HIV seroconverters with detectable plasma tenofovir levels compared to placebo.\[[@pone.0178594.ref024]\] Taken collectively, these two observations suggest that some impact of tenofovir on plasma viral load may be seen with higher adherence though the frequency, duration and clinical relevance of this occurrence are not yet well understood. There are several potential reasons why we and others have observed little impact of tenofovir-containing PrEP on HIV disease progression. The most compelling reason is that in efficacy studies to date, only a minority of participants with seroconversion had detectable tenofovir at the time of seroconversion, and in many cases, adherence to the study product among those who seroconverted was poor throughout the trial period.\[[@pone.0178594.ref025]\] Thus there is minimal drug present with limited or no effect on the disease condition and rare development of drug resistance mutations.\[[@pone.0178594.ref015]\] Additionally, the currently approved medications for PrEP have relatively short half-life thus limiting exposure to the antiretroviral during periods of nonadherence. It will be critical to perform careful follow-up of participants who become infected during studies of investigational long acting depot formulations such as rilpivirine and cabotegravir due to the prolonged but sub-therapeutic plasma levels that are observed with these drugs after discontinuation of injections.\[[@pone.0178594.ref026], [@pone.0178594.ref027]\] The findings of our study were limited by the low overall study product adherence in MTN-003.\[[@pone.0178594.ref009]\] When our analysis was restricted to the oral TDF/FTC participants with tenofovir detected at the first quarterly study visit, we again found no differences in disease progression; however, statistical power was limited, and unfortunately we did not have available samples for measurement of intracellular concentrations of tenofovir and emtricitabine, or for evaluation of drug concentrations at the time of first detection of seroconversion in most participants. Detailed analysis of the VOICE pharmacokinetic data has established that the majority of participants with detectable levels at the first quarterly time point will have detectable levels at subsequent visits.\[[@pone.0178594.ref028]\] Additionally, we were not able to assess for differences in HIV disease progression by HIV clade due to small numbers of participants infected with non-clade C virus; however, previous studies have demonstrated no differences in viral load by clade.\[[@pone.0178594.ref029]\] In summary, we observed similar HIV disease outcomes in women who were receiving tenofovir-based oral or vaginal pre-exposure prophylaxis compared to placebo in the MTN-003 trial--similar to other studies these data are limited by the overall low adherence to the study products. Although reassuring, longitudinal follow-up of seroconverters from ongoing and future trials of antiretroviral drugs used for prevention are necessary to inform policy and best practices for PrEP. Supporting information {#sec018} ====================== ###### Ethic committees and institutional review boards that provided study approval. (DOCX) ###### Click here for additional data file. The MTN-015 protocol team wishes to thank the study volunteers for their dedicated participation. We gratefully acknowledge the study staff from 15 participating Clinical Research Sites, the MTN Data Management and Statistical Center for data management, and the VOICE protocol team (Co-Chairs Jeanne Marrazzo and Mike Chirenje). The Microbicide Trials Network is funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (UM1AI068633, UM1AI068615, UM1AI106707), with co-funding from the *Eunice Kennedy Shriver* National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Institute of Mental Health, all components of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. [^1]: **Competing Interests:**The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. [^2]: **Conceptualization:** SAR LL JB.**Data curation:** KP.**Formal analysis:** MH JB.**Investigation:** GR A. Premrajh BOT A. Pather SS NJ GN PS SK TP-P RP FM.**Methodology:** SAR LL KP EL.**Project administration:** SAR LL EL KP VE JB.**Resources:** GR A. Premrajh BOT A. Pather SS NJ GN PS SK TP-P RP FM.**Software:** MH JB.**Supervision:** SAR JB.**Writing -- original draft:** SAR.**Writing -- review & editing:** MH GR A. Premrajh BOT A. Pather SS NJ GN PS SK TP-P RP FM LL EL KP VE. ACCORHOTELS AND AMBASSADOR GROUP BUILD ON PARTNERSHIP IN KOREA Vincent Lelay, Vice President Operations at AccorHotels Ambassador Korea, says business is expanding very fast in the luxury to upscale hotel categories Accor Ambassador Korea Hotel Management Co., Ltd, established in 2006, is a joint venture built in partnership between the AccorHotels and the Ambassador Group. Vincent Lelay, is Vice President Operations at AccorHotels Ambassador Korea. We asked him to tell us more about the partnership… OUR PORTFOLIO OF BRANDS ENCOMPASSES FROM LUXURY TO ECONOMY We offer propitious partnerships by integrating hotel owners’ needs, market analysis, and regional expertise through management, franchise or lease contract. Accor Ambassador Korea, which is a joint venture company, represents both hotel groups in Korea. Ambassador Group has grown into becoming the leading local hotel group and has the most extensive knowledge on the local market. With AccorHotels’ global network, extensive brand portfolio, strong sales distribution platform and management know-how, we have the best partnership to operate successfully in South Korea. Together, we will maintain our leading position in the hotel industry and further develop hotels especially in the luxury and upscale hotel categories. What does the portfolio consist of? The company currently operates 24 hotels in six cities (Seoul, Suwon, Incheon, Daegu, Changwon, and Busan). Our portfolio of brands encompasses from luxury to economy, including currently Pullman, Grand Mercure, Novotel Suites, Novotel, Mercure, ibis Styles, ibis, and ibis Budget. Accor Ambassador Korea is the largest hotel operator in Korea with more than 7,000 rooms, 2,000 employees and is also the only international hotel operator with a regional operational headquarters located in Seoul. How could you best describe your current offering in this market? Currently, we have a very strong positioning in the market specifically within midscale to economy hotel categories. We were the first international hotel brand to pioneer the economy hotel sector and to successfully become the leading hotel economy brand with ibis family brands. Novotel also has a strong presence in Korea with two new flagships recently opened in Seoul. We are also now expanding very fast in luxury to upscale hotel categories with the opening of our most recent project, Seoul Dragon City. This magnificent “hotel-plex” opened its door in October 2017, with 1,700 rooms and four distinct AccorHotels brands. What is your roadmap – especially for luxury properties — in this region? This July, we are opening the Novotel Ambassador Seoul Dongdaemun (523 rooms), our first Novotel mixing hotel and residence hospitality. With an exclusive rooftop outdoor and indoor pool and state- of-the-art bar, we will again showcase an attractive product for our guests. Fairmont hotel, which will be located in Yeouido, Seoul will open mid 2020. Although we cannot disclose much more at this point, we have many more exciting projects in the pipeline for luxury hotel properties.Thermal blooming Thermal blooming is an atmospheric effect, seen in high energy laser beams. It is the result of the nonlinear interaction of laser radiation with the propagation medium, usually air, which is heated by the absorption of a fraction of the radiation. The amount of energy absorbed is a function of the laser wavelength. The term "thermal blooming" is often used to describe any type of self-induced "thermal distortion" of laser radiation. See also Optical Kerr effect References Category:Laser science Category:Nonlinear opticsQ: Extract the closest adjacent indices to an index in a vector I have a vector of length N, and a random index ind in that vector. I would like to extract the 11 closest indices, in the most symmetric way possible, to ind in the most efficient way, such as not to go beyond the length of the original vector, and also not get negative indices. Examples: if N = 200, and ind = 199, I would like to extract 190:200. if ind = 3, the result should be 1:11. if ind = 195, the result should be 190:200. I can do it with if but seems to inefficient: ff = function(ind, N){ vv = sapply(ind, function(x) c((

[ 2032, 13, 533, 368, 476, 897, 247, 258, 2703, 4963, 281, 2794, 368, 2876, 275, 253, 5133, 187, 493, 804, 4963, 5542, 28, 187, 187, 4963, 5291, 821, 18, 5291, 821, 19, 5291, 821, 20, 5291, 3966, 28, 187, 187, 5872, 368, 476, 3491, 253, 941, 432, 253, 2876, 4963, 715, 253, 1018, 475, 347, 3058, 15, 535, 187, 44496, 329, 15, 19, 69, 31499, 313, 9755, 10, 187, 688, 294, 10092, 329, 15, 44471, 3269, 38, 13, 6798, 273, 253, 2111, 273, 10200, 21231, 284, 28, 17538, 32665, 4412, 28, 36055, 864, 90, 3928, 15, 187, 2302, 15, 721, 34166, 16261, 15, 187, 18336, 273, 32665, 15292, 47890, 273, 11637, 15, 187, 22423, 1458, 13, 6469, 15, 187, 11, 22000, 9613, 27, 416, 1556, 6663, 500, 15, 9975, 2697, 1194, 48, 13, 367, 15, 43, 904, 378, 1139, 47, 9051, 378, 15, 12838, 2350, 35, 2025, 4827, 13, 47305, 6392, 40, 11502, 15293, 13, 10512, 904, 47079, 6366, 367, 15, 388, 1372, 40, 2697, 13, 29120, 1922, 1843, 473, 8, 1843, 11164, 13, 6202, 35, 6159, 38, 473, 8, 2573, 2293, 322, 43578, 4280, 13, 500, 37743, 444, 15, 8728, 1719, 29587, 13, 20152, 2354, 6663, 329, 15, 31604, 37453, 58, 13, 25544, 15, 187, 4350, 2697, 1194, 48, 13, 6798, 15, 187, 187, 42, 15, 2949, 3125, 47965, 15258, 12229, 17260, 187, 187, 8639, 253, 2111, 310, 253, 13786, 273, 253, 32665, 36052, 5986, 323, 271, 5383, 303, 9700, 475, 19569, 12017, 33965, 21485, 13, 10092, 329, 15, 500, 23510, 13, 432, 521, 12379, 3906, 1293, 2075, 15, 380, 5986, 14993, 436, 9700, 762, 14108, 657, 13, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 10, 273, 253, 11637, 10350, 15, 2064, 2593, 3400, 27, 187, 20108, 281, 247, 4854, 13, 253, 1302, 778, 2523, 271, 26964, 1340, 25091, 253, 13394, 13, 342, 390, 1293, 2075, 13, 273, 667, 8426, 13, 5963, 390, 8426, 273, 253, 6330, 1411, 5207, 7473, 7260, 452, 644, 4724, 342, 253, 1302, 407, 253, 4450, 390, 1411, 5207, 556, 644, 4724, 271, 17612, 390, 1491, 16153, 247, 17974, 15, 743, 26964, 1340, 762, 436, 12494, 3091, 417, 320, 2783, 247, 2457, 1340, 432, 534, 271, 4549, 778, 320, 2668, 15, 187, 187, 2267, 15, 401, 9816, 19212, 3481, 10601, 1647, 187, 187, 41359, 290, 310, 247, 38597, 14, 43514, 5963, 273, 253, 2111, 273, 10200, 21231, 284, 273, 36055, 864, 90, 3928, 285, 556, 2918, 326, 3906, 1580, 4247, 337, 13, 12210, 15, 187, 2374, 4223, 854, 13, 6752, 344, 369, 7169, 10656, 3553, 342, 2075, 407, 1340, 273, 253, 3918, 6798, 273, 36055, 864, 90, 3928, 15, 187, 2374, 4397, 1722, 13, 6752, 13, 21485, 369, 38455, 407, 247, 8481, 41670, 275, 253, 1986, 2077, 4412, 2111, 323, 253, 6359, 4412, 273, 11637, 15, 380, 17612, 7260, 326, 253, 21485, 27, 187, 18, 15, 322, 3422, 959, 2583, 275, 253, 3045, 273, 521, 12379, 12803, 15, 187, 19, 15, 27398, 456, 253, 24756, 1768, 3162, 407, 1021, 9564, 313, 66, 17974, 582, 347, 326, 1307, 310, 2931, 275, 13927, 1283, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 6307, 13, 5238, 25124, 9, 67, 2769, 19, 582, 275, 326, 21485, 26854, 959, 7830, 273, 2583, 432, 247, 7832, 275, 253, 48261, 13, 10400, 4742, 13, 48408, 285, 5219, 13, 367, 15, 45, 15, 1569, 5882, 342, 247, 2022, 3906, 387, 884, 1229, 17538, 14216, 13, 22119, 13, 11637, 13, 534, 840, 574, 247, 6832, 1180, 273, 2219, 13910, 1078, 253, 21485, 15, 3900, 26841, 253, 8411, 273, 253, 24756, 1768, 3162, 13, 253, 21485, 17257, 595, 2529, 521, 346, 24286, 1232, 3, 281, 253, 1840, 5393, 7832, 347, 346, 12784, 7909, 285, 9676, 16352, 2299, 13, 275, 15866, 273, 436, 3367, 6803, 273, 1869, 13, 253, 21485, 5907, 346, 328, 39792, 3606, 2289, 3, 281, 253, 7832, 323, 346, 911, 17532, 3, 3057, 15, 187, 20, 15, 380, 1840, 4179, 310, 25082, 347, 247, 17974, 21854, 494, 407, 247, 4869, 273, 6818, 313, 938, 10, 1107, 19841, 15, 187, 2374, 4437, 1668, 13, 6752, 247, 17402, 7022, 17612, 369, 6808, 407, 253, 8481, 41670, 16153, 326, 253, 21485, 27, 187, 18, 15, 322, 3422, 959, 2583, 275, 253, 3045, 273, 521, 12379, 12803, 15, 187, 19, 15, 27398, 456, 253, 24756, 1768, 3162, 407, 1021, 9564, 313, 66, 17974, 10, 347, 326, 1307, 310, 2931, 275, 13927, 1283, 13, 1986, 2077, 6307, 13, 5238, 25124, 9, 67, 2769, 19, 582, 275, 326, 13, 21485, 26854, 959, 7830, 273, 2583, 417, 1955, 779, 390, 521, 3906, 432, 42266, 13140, 2146, 13, 247, 7832, 275, 253, 2639, 375, 13890, 13, 13140, 2146, 13, 3044, 53, 1321, 11943, 13, 285, 1716, 14889, 1569, 5882, 13, 534, 840, 574, 247, 6832, 1180, 273, 2219, 13910, 1078, 253, 21485, 15, 187, 20, 15, 27398, 456, 253, 24756, 1768, 3162, 407, 1021, 9564, 313, 66, 17974, 10, 347, 326, 1307, 310, 2931, 275, 13927, 1283, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 6307, 13, 5238, 25124, 9, 67, 2769, 19, 582, 275, 326, 13, 21485, 9919, 281, 4044, 2867, 275, 253, 830, 273, 7830, 417, 1955, 779, 432, 247, 1569, 5882, 7832, 13, 342, 521, 7578, 13, 5802, 407, 253, 32288, 897, 273, 4709, 13, 326, 310, 13, 21485, 858, 37391, 7830, 273, 4832, 1329, 323, 521, 2021, 285, 671, 8410, 323, 2994, 846, 38886, 13, 432, 253, 18979, 42266, 13140, 2146, 13, 247, 7832, 275, 253, 2639, 375, 13890, 13, 1162, 355, 15, 1569, 5882, 13, 275, 6431, 323, 253, 21485, 434, 26037, 420, 273, 13140, 2146, 434, 2554, 275, 253, 1021, 9564, 7830, 281, 21485, 347, 873, 6593, 275, 8240, 374, 273, 253, 5887, 398, 7022, 2102, 882, 420, 15, 2064, 4179, 310, 25082, 347, 247, 17974, 13, 21854, 494, 475, 27348, 407, 247, 4869, 273, 6818, 313, 938, 10, 1107, 19841, 15, 187, 21, 15, 380, 1840, 4179, 310, 25082, 347, 247, 17974, 21854, 494, 407, 247, 4869, 273, 6818, 313, 938, 10, 1107, 19841, 15, 187, 187, 8296, 15, 15724, 28175, 187, 187, 8457, 15825, 942, 452, 644, 4724, 1411, 21485, 16153, 779, 342, 11664, 19844, 13, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 10, 273, 14108, 657, 273, 253, 10350, 2488, 4219, 436, 2111, 281, 4901, 271, 26964, 1340, 1024, 12555, 40844, 281, 247, 4854, 12555, 5167, 1946, 779, 342, 390, 1293, 2075, 15, 187, 510, 10281, 26340, 273, 9725, 13, 14631, 436, 2111, 273, 32665, 15292, 47890, 13, 1718, 436, 2111, 342, 6265, 281, 4901, 767, 1027, 3510, 273, 7367, 15, 187, 510, 806, 12555, 783, 1511, 359, 403, 954, 7208, 9521, 281, 4901, 12555, 261, 271, 1340, 23254, 247, 25162, 1411, 247, 12379, 5908, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 1340, 310, 14047, 407, 14108, 657, 13, 3015, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 273, 253, 10350, 285, 310, 281, 320, 5966, 275, 2219, 835, 253, 5986, 556, 4724, 7473, 7260, 13, 285, 760, 846, 346, 66, 4854, 390, 26388, 449, 5238, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 671, 28251, 2176, 3570, 281, 534, 12379, 6251, 3091, 320, 7429, 275, 824, 26388, 15, 45380, 762, 3015, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 403, 2457, 285, 4549, 494, 15, 187, 510, 1273, 1511, 273, 1340, 534, 253, 10350, 802, 39969, 436, 2111, 281, 4901, 310, 14047, 407, 14108, 657, 13, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 481, 2053, 7367, 403, 49879, 346, 2388, 303, 7367, 3, 285, 403, 14047, 281, 320, 5966, 346, 40844, 281, 247, 4854, 449, 2053, 7367, 403, 417, 2457, 285, 403, 417, 4549, 494, 15, 187, 1231, 2186, 326, 253, 3570, 873, 562, 275, 3015, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 347, 2130, 281, 12379, 6251, 275, 10061, 4283, 281, 2457, 7367, 273, 17634, 403, 417, 2130, 275, 26964, 10061, 762, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 481, 380, 7936, 10281, 6974, 2297, 684, 667, 643, 6452, 15, 844, 671, 2186, 326, 326, 10281, 6974, 275, 642, 1039, 745, 1727, 667, 689, 855, 272, 10732, 273, 1955, 1232, 534, 778, 320, 753, 281, 15313, 432, 253, 45866, 3360, 273, 253, 1986, 2077, 390, 273, 11637, 15, 187, 12612, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 273, 14108, 657, 3400, 27, 187, 28050, 253, 12108, 273, 7473, 7260, 342, 253, 1302, 407, 253, 4450, 13, 253, 1302, 3091, 25122, 10130, 247, 4854, 390, 26388, 281, 3653, 1880, 247, 25162, 943, 320, 11295, 1411, 247, 8426, 13, 5963, 390, 8426, 273, 253, 6330, 10376, 281, 253, 10067, 273, 436, 2593, 15, 380, 1302, 3091, 320, 247, 1302, 273, 1924, 13, 342, 512, 253, 33482, 12803, 285, 9136, 4569, 281, 697, 1159, 15, 401, 1939, 7260, 4724, 342, 253, 1302, 3091, 320, 247, 2647, 273, 1345, 1924, 15, 1876, 26388, 5196, 407, 253, 1302, 3091, 320, 1345, 10061, 5196, 10376, 281, 253, 4803, 8671, 407, 253, 1302, 285, 275, 8956, 342, 253, 9241, 273, 1955, 1232, 285, 253, 1569, 273, 1941, 15, 44340, 15602, 1078, 253, 1302, 3091, 452, 247, 987, 281, 8900, 10376, 281, 253, 4803, 8671, 407, 253, 1302, 285, 3091, 452, 253, 987, 281, 36674, 12170, 285, 281, 30705, 253, 3275, 273, 7177, 13, 5098, 13, 8553, 285, 643, 5861, 347, 4623, 15, 380, 2256, 273, 253, 7260, 3091, 320, 24874, 15377, 275, 667, 12162, 1078, 253, 1302, 13, 285, 253, 4450, 3091, 452, 253, 7977, 273, 18597, 253, 7260, 407, 2590, 285, 21414, 1941, 15, 1876, 7089, 273, 253, 1302, 3091, 320, 275, 4028, 285, 3091, 3831, 4342, 273, 958, 285, 11815, 273, 1569, 15, 329, 3061, 273, 253, 1302, 778, 1340, 8570, 432, 3906, 13, 13394, 13, 260, 5358, 390, 643, 17518, 347, 14047, 407, 436, 2593, 285, 347, 26085, 407, 253, 1924, 15, 187, 1147, 310, 4755, 326, 253, 10067, 273, 436, 2593, 13, 1690, 1110, 31238, 2710, 3570, 281, 320, 26299, 253, 2256, 273, 253, 7260, 13, 403, 6034, 281, 4647, 275, 2219, 835, 7473, 7260, 452, 644, 4724, 285, 835, 253, 2111, 310, 2546, 346, 936, 3653, 1880, 247, 25162, 943, 320, 11295, 449, 475, 20207, 380, 17634, 11295, 762, 436, 2593, 403, 2457, 12555, 1439, 26964, 15, 733, 310, 417, 10084, 326, 13, 275, 824, 247, 3634, 13, 253, 6536, 699, 84, 273, 253, 10350, 651, 2430, 326, 9241, 273, 1955, 1232, 320, 2540, 390, 326, 253, 15587, 320, 24874, 15377, 390, 326, 253, 7977, 273, 4737, 320, 2590, 285, 21414, 1941, 15, 187, 1147, 310, 671, 4755, 326, 436, 1232, 588, 1379, 673, 28, 285, 13, 604, 247, 25162, 310, 1119, 281, 320, 1925, 323, 13, 247, 4858, 4854, 588, 320, 2424, 281, 3653, 253, 4569, 25162, 13, 534, 588, 1379, 625, 673, 13, 285, 604, 271, 4549, 432, 247, 2457, 1340, 273, 25162, 310, 2668, 281, 253, 6413, 2111, 13, 436, 588, 1379, 1014, 625, 673, 15, 187, 1231, 2868, 326, 352, 310, 4755, 326, 352, 369, 253, 8981, 326, 6832, 673, 651, 7933, 1509, 875, 253, 673, 247, 12379, 5908, 369, 6636, 285, 253, 673, 672, 271, 1340, 273, 8570, 390, 13394, 812, 320, 37099, 13, 326, 1607, 5911, 253, 6536, 699, 84, 281, 2085, 323, 253, 866, 15576, 784, 5857, 273, 346, 2388, 303, 7367, 937, 285, 594, 597, 858, 13, 275, 3015, 1283, 9, 69, 2769, 19, 10, 273, 14108, 657, 15, 733, 369, 760, 407, 25145, 272, 436, 2111, 281, 32407, 346, 40844, 281, 247, 4854, 937, 891, 15, 70, 904, 1293, 247, 4854, 13, 326, 253, 12974, 273, 253, 12379, 985, 812, 320, 4999, 4297, 13073, 1309, 436, 26964, 2180, 15, 733, 310, 4879, 326, 253, 6536, 699, 84, 14047, 253, 5857, 273, 26964, 7367, 760, 275, 2219, 835, 253, 5986, 556, 2168, 4724, 7473, 7260, 285, 10061, 762, 3015, 1283, 9, 67, 2769, 22, 10, 403, 30361, 13, 285, 275, 2219, 835, 247, 12379, 5908, 556, 644, 6636, 275, 346, 266, 17612, 390, 1491, 544, 3113, 62, 247, 17974, 449, 733, 369, 275, 1110, 2219, 835, 253, 6536, 699, 84, 12351, 253, 878, 281, 2085, 436, 2111, 342, 253, 6265, 323, 8993, 390, 866, 15576, 784, 13394, 275, 1340, 281, 247, 1748, 10021, 1345, 13071, 534, 778, 956, 604, 247, 12379, 5908, 6636, 342, 4092, 19626, 7788, 327, 253, 10955, 390, 7788, 327, 253, 1345, 36590, 15, 187, 18336, 84, 452, 37730, 13, 285, 403, 4272, 327, 13, 253, 1953, 273, 1880, 1955, 1232, 3570, 403, 7763, 275, 253, 12379, 32873, 1232, 15, 380, 2523, 310, 3798, 3559, 347, 10568, 247, 7441, 273, 1880, 16006, 452, 247, 4209, 2867, 390, 17843, 1600, 275, 616, 14145, 281 ]

true, but you can use a ostringstream to create you string in the manner ostringstream stream; stream << val1 << val2 << val3 << etc; Then you can copy the data from the stringstream into the char * as needed. 814 A.2d 308 (2003) In re Joseph A. JAFFE, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; Fifth Judicial District; Allegheny County. No. 6 JD 02. Court of Judicial Discipline of Pennsylvania. January 15, 2003. *309 Before: RALPH J. SPOSATO, P.J., BONNIE B. LEADBETTER, SAL COGNETTI, Jr., ROBERT P. HORGOS, MICHELE O'LEARY, DEBBIE O'DELL SENECA, JAMES E. BEASLEY, JOSEPH A. HALESEY, JJ. SPOSATO, Judge. I. INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT Before the Court is the Petition of the Judicial Conduct Board for an Interim Order *310 Suspending Respondent, Joseph A. Jaffe, from his judicial office without pay. The Board seeks this Order under Article V, § 18(d)(2) of the Pennsylvania Constitution. That section provides: Prior to a hearing, the court may issue an interim order directing the suspension, with or without pay, of any justice, judge or justice of the peace against whom formal charges have been filed with the court by the board or against whom has been filed an indictment or information charging a felony. An interim order under this paragraph shall not be considered a final order from which an appeal may be taken. II. FINDINGS OF FACT Respondent is a duly-elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County and has held that office since January 1, 1985. On August 8, 2002 he was granted administrative leave with pay by order of the President Judge of Allegheny County. On September 17, 2002, Respondent was indicted by a Grand Jury in the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania. The indictment charges that the Respondent: 1. Solicited money in the performance of his judicial duties. 2. Violated the Hobbs Act by extortion (a felony), as that term is defined in Title 18 of the United States Code, Section 1951(b)(2), in that Respondent solicited payment of money from a partner in the Goldberg, Persky, Jennings and White, P.L. law firm with a main office at 1030 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which then had a substantial number of cases pending before the Respondent. While committing the violation of the Hobbs Act, the Respondent verbally described his "thought process" to the above mentioned partner as "immoral and illegal;" however, in spite of this personal assessment of thought, the Respondent offered "unfettered access" to the partner for "ex parte" contact. 3. The above charge is graded as a felony punishable by a maximum of twenty (20) years imprisonment. On October 16, 2002 a superseding indictment was issued by the Grand Jury charging that the Respondent: 1. Solicited money in the performance of his judicial duties. 2. Violated the Hobbs Act by extortion (a felony) as that term is defined in Title 18, United States Code, Section 1951(b)(2), in that, Respondent solicited payment of money not due him or his office from Edwin Beachler, a partner in the Caroselli, Beachler, McTiernan, and Conboy law firm, which then had a substantial number of cases pending before the Respondent. 3. Violated the Hobbs Act by extortion (a felony) as that term is defined in Title 18 of the United States Code, Section 1951(b)(2), in that, Respondent attempted to obtain property in the form of payment not due him from a law firm partner, with his consent, induced by the wrongful use of fear, that is, Respondent did solicit payment of financial support for his family and also employment for himself after incarceration, from the aforementioned Edwin Beachler, a partner in the Caroselli, et al. law firm, in exchange for the Respondent's concealment of Beachler's role in the extortion payment to Respondent as set forth in Count 2 of the Superseding Indictment. That charge is graded as a felony, punishable *311 by a maximum of twenty (20) years imprisonment. 4. The above charge is graded as a felony punishable by a maximum of twenty (20) years imprisonment. III. DISCUSSION Because indictments have been filed against Respondent charging him with felonies, § 18(d)(2) of Article V of the Constitution authorizes this Court to enter an interim order nowprior to a hearing suspending him with or without pay. The constitutional amendments of 1993, establishing this Court of Judicial Discipline, invest this Court with authority to enter two different types of orders. The firstthe type we are most frequently requested to enteris an order imposing a sanction against a judicial officer. This type of order is authorized by Article V, § 18(b)(5) of the Constitution and is to be entered in cases where the Board has filed formal charges, and only after "a hearing or hearings." Section 18(b)(5) also specifies certain rights to which judicial officers shall be entitled in such hearings. Orders under § 18(b)(5) are final and appealable. The second type of order which the Constitution empowers this Court to enter is authorized by Article V, § 18(d)(2). These orders are styled "interim orders" and are authorized to be entered "prior to a hearing." These orders are not final and are not appealable. We hold that the rights set out in § 18(b)(5) as available to judicial officers in proceedings leading to final orders of sanctions are not available in interim proceedings under § 18(d)(2). The fundamental constitutional scheme negates any other conclusion. We also hold that that constitutional scheme in no way offends any overweening notion of due process which may be said to derive from the Constitutions of the United States or of Pennsylvania. Section 18(b)(5) of Article V provides: Upon the filing of formal charges with the court by the board, the court shall promptly schedule a hearing or hearings to determine whether a sanction should be imposed against a justice, judge or justice of the peace pursuant to the provisions of this section. The court shall be a court of record, with all the attendant duties and powers appropriate to its function. Formal charges filed with the court shall be a matter of public record. All hearings conducted by the court shall be public proceedings conducted pursuant to the rules adopted by the court and in accordance with the principles of due process and the law of evidence. Parties appearing before the court shall have a right to discovery pursuant to the rules adopted by the court and shall have the right to subpoena witnesses and to compel the production of documents, books, accounts and other records as relevant. The subject of the charges shall be presumed innocent in any proceeding before the court, and the board shall have the burden of proving the charges by clear and convincing evidence. All decisions of the court shall be in writing and shall contain findings of fact and conclusions of law. A decision of the court may order removal from office, suspension, censure or other discipline as authorized by this section and as warranted by the record. It is obvious that the provisions of this section, including those specifying various rights to be afforded the subject of the charges, are intended to apply in cases where formal charges have been filed and where the Court is asked "to determine whether a sanction should be imposed." *312 The sanctions imposed under this section are finalnot interim. It is not surprising that, in such a context, the drafters of the Constitution would require that principles of due process be observed or that the respondent be presumed innocent or that the burden of proof be clear and convincing evidence. It is also obvious that this process will take time; and, if a sanction is found to be called for, a separate hearing will be required to determine the appropriate sanction, which will take more time, and if an appeal from a final order of sanction is taken to the Supreme Court, this will take even more time. We believe that it is obvious that it was the recognition that substantial time would necessarily pass between the time a judicial officer was charged and the time when an order of removal or suspension could be effected, that impelled the drafters to provide for the expeditious entry of "interim orders," and so they did, in § 18(d)(2) of Article V. It was only by empowering this Court to suspend "prior to a hearing," i.e., without a hearing, that the integrity of the judicial system could be safeguarded during this interim period. It is noted that the drafters authorized the entry of interim orders only in cases where the Board has already filed formal charges and proceedings under § 18(b)(5) are underway, and in cases where a judicial officer has been charged in "an indictment or information [with] a felony." It was in those cases where the drafters perceived the need to provide this Court with the authority for immediate or expeditious suspension in order to avert adverse public perception which may follow if a judicial officer charged with serious offenses continues on the bench or continues on the public payroll. Courts have debated, and are divided on, the question of whether due process rights are applicable in the judicial disciplinary process. The issue is usually presented as requiring a determination of whether judges have a sufficient property or liberty interest in their offices to

[ 16913, 16913, 187, 187, 7559, 7480, 3602, 313, 18221, 13, 11758, 10, 1712, 2420, 13585, 463, 297, 5056, 94, 187, 49915, 535, 50276, 15879, 15369, 28527, 6557, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 48, 18, 50264, 18, 15, 26, 3655, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 34, 50262, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 18, 50264, 19, 15, 13397, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 35, 50262, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50264, 19, 15, 17271, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 36, 50262, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 20, 50264, 19, 15, 37684, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 50263, 18, 15, 48219, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 21, 50264, 19, 15, 16271, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 50263, 18, 15, 45225, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 36, 746, 50265, 18, 15, 23360, 575, 9, 23, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 41, 740, 50263, 18, 15, 1418, 187, 50276, 48, 19, 1532, 36, 746, 50265, 18, 15, 26560, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 36, 18, 50264, 18, 15, 24333, 575, 9, 23, 10, 50273, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 36, 1166, 50265, 18, 15, 27101, 575, 9, 23, 10, 50273, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 47, 50265, 17, 15, 39027, 575, 9, 740, 10, 50274, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 19, 1532, 36, 20, 50264, 18, 15, 31408, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 19, 1532, 36, 21, 50264, 18, 15, 5388, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1047, 50263, 18, 15, 43523, 575, 9, 25, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 47, 50265, 17, 15, 34802, 575, 9, 740, 10, 50274, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1036, 50263, 18, 15, 42215, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 25, 50264, 18, 15, 30626, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1010, 50263, 18, 15, 42980, 575, 9, 25, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 50265, 18, 15, 37972, 575, 9, 23, 10, 50273, 36, 1047, 1532, 41, 1047, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 47, 50265, 17, 15, 34384, 575, 9, 740, 10, 50274, 36, 1047, 1532, 41, 1047, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 805, 50265, 18, 15, 31819, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1047, 1532, 41, 1047, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 1012, 50265, 18, 15, 39849, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1010, 1532, 41, 1010, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 47, 21, 1532, 41, 21, 47, 50265, 17, 15, 43277, 575, 9, 740, 10, 50274, 36, 1010, 1532, 41, 1010, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 36, 19, 50264, 18, 15, 43523, 575, 9, 24, 10, 50273, 36, 1010, 1532, 41, 1010, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 36, 20, 50264, 18, 15, 44219, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 36, 1036, 1532, 36, 1166, 50263, 18, 15, 42215, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 50264, 18, 15, 1418, 50270, 36, 1036, 1532, 41, 1036, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 1036, 1532, 41, 1036, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 1166, 1532, 36, 1093, 50263, 18, 15, 43171, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 36, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 1166, 1532, 41, 1166, 50263, 18, 15, 1418, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 50270, 36, 1093, 1532, 41, 1093, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 50270, 36, 1093, 1532, 41, 1093, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 36, 23, 50264, 18, 15, 42949, 575, 9, 26, 10, 50273, 36, 1093, 1532, 41, 1093, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 36, 24, 50264, 18, 15, 42215, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 36, 746, 1532, 36, 938, 50263, 18, 15, 31699, 575, 9, 25, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 36, 22, 50264, 18, 15, 34458, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 36, 938, 1532, 41, 938, 34, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 22, 1532, 41, 22, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 938, 1532, 41, 938, 35, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 22, 1532, 41, 22, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 36, 938, 1532, 41, 938, 36, 50264, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 187, 50276, 36, 22, 1532, 41, 22, 36, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 2019, 1532, 48, 23, 50261, 18, 15, 25569, 575, 9, 22, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 23, 1532, 41, 23, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 2019, 1532, 48, 20, 50261, 18, 15, 30977, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 23, 1532, 41, 23, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 2019, 1532, 48, 21, 50261, 18, 15, 28418, 575, 9, 22, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 23, 1532, 41, 23, 36, 50265, 17, 15, 4185, 361, 50270, 2019, 1532, 48, 22, 50261, 18, 15, 29579, 575, 9, 22, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 24, 1532, 36, 25, 50264, 18, 15, 36002, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 2019, 18, 1532, 48, 1010, 50263, 18, 15, 20680, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 24, 1532, 41, 24, 34, 50265, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 50270, 2019, 18, 1532, 48, 1036, 50263, 18, 15, 36677, 575, 9, 24, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 24, 1532, 41, 24, 35, 50265, 17, 15, 1525, 361, 50270, 2019, 18, 1532, 48, 1012, 50263, 18, 15, 30977, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 36, 26, 50264, 18, 15, 30626, 575, 9, 25, 10, 50273, 2019, 18, 1532, 48, 1047, 50263, 18, 15, 30413, 575, 9, 25, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 41, 25, 50264, 18, 15, 1418, 50254, 50270, 187, 50254, 50254, 50266, 2490, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 20, 50269, 8196, 15, 2125, 575, 9, 1166, 10, 50275, 36, 24, 1532, 36, 25, 1532, 41, 25, 50266, 10655, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 18, 50269, 15144, 15, 2787, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50275, 36, 25, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 34, 50267, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 18, 50269, 12852, 15, 4196, 575, 9, 1166, 10, 50275, 36, 25, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 35, 50267, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 21, 50269, 1525, 15, 3680, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50274, 41, 26, 34, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 35, 50268, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 21, 50269, 3507, 15, 1976, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50274, 36, 25, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 36, 50267, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 21, 50269, 4739, 15, 1508, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50274, 41, 26, 34, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 36, 50268, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50269, 2511, 15, 3583, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50274, 41, 26, 35, 1532, 36, 26, 1532, 41, 26, 36, 50268, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50269, 4529, 15, 2904, 575, 9, 1166, 10, 50274, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 50268, 14322, 15, 17, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 18, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50269, 3245, 15, 2950, 575, 9, 1166, 10, 50274, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 50268, 12224, 15, 22, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 47, 21, 1532, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 50269, 15046, 15, 2511, 575, 9, 1036, 10, 50275, 36, 883, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 50269, 12852, 15, 26, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 746, 1532, 48, 18, 1532, 30785, 50270, 13397, 15, 20, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 41, 740, 50268, 12347, 15, 24, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 36, 1166, 50270, 13391, 15, 22, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 883, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 41, 740, 50269, 12347, 15, 24, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 30785, 50269, 10655, 15, 23, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 36, 805, 1532, 36, 740, 1532, 41, 740, 50269, 12347, 15, 24, 187, 50276, 36, 1166, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 30785, 50270, 8193, 15, 23, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 34, 50270, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 18, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 47, 50270, 12852, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 35, 50270, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 1166, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 47, 50271, 11238, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 41, 883, 34, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 35, 50271, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 18, 1532, 41, 18, 47, 50270, 11335, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 36, 50270, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 36, 21, 50269, 12231, 15, 19, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 41, 883, 34, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 36, 50271, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 30785, 50269, 12172, 15, 19, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 41, 883, 35, 1532, 36, 883, 1532, 41, 883, 36, 50271, 12852, 15, 22, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 30785, 50269, 12115, 15, 21, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 36, 740, 50268, 12852, 15, 20, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 20, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 47, 50270, 12172, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 34, 50269, 12852, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 36, 21, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 47, 50270, 11335, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 34, 50270, 12852, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 19, 1532, 41, 19, 47, 50270, 10768, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 35, 50269, 12852, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 36, 740, 50270, 14322, 15, 24, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50273, 36, 740, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 35, 50270, 12852, 15, 25, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 50269, 12231, 15, 20, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 41, 805, 34, 1532, 36, 805, 1532, 41, 805, 35, 50271, 12347, 15, 20, 187, 50276, 36, 740, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 30785, 50270, 12852, 15, 17, 575, 9, 20, 10, 50273, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1047, 50268, 12971, 15, 23, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 25, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 47, 50270, 7749, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1036, 50268, 7749, 15, 21, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 740, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 47, 50271, 12172, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 36, 1047, 1532, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1036, 50269, 10768, 15, 25, 575, 9, 22, 10, 187, 50276, 30785, 1532, 47, 20, 1532, 41, 20, 47, 50270, 11335, 575, 9, 21, 10, 50271, 47, 21, 1532, 36, 1012, 1532, 36, 1010, 50268, 7749, 15, 24, 575, 9, 21, 10, 187, 50276, 36, 805, 1532 ]

-------------- -------------- Geometric parameters (Å, °) {#tablewrapgeomlong} =========================== -------------------- ------------- ----------------------- ------------ Zn---O1 1.973 (4) C9---H9A 0.9800 Zn---N1 2.124 (4) C9---H9B 0.9800 Zn---N2 2.216 (4) C9---H9C 0.9800 Zn---N3 2.095 (4) C10---C11 1.521 (7) Zn---N4 2.153 (4) C10---C12 1.534 (7) O1---C19 1.286 (6) C10---H10 1.0000 O2---C19 1.261 (7) C11---H11A 0.9800 N1---C1 1.504 (6) C11---H11B 0.9800 N1---C17 1.508 (6) C11---H11C 0.9800 N1---H1N 0.882 (10) C12---H12A 0.9900 N2---C3 1.473 (7) C12---H12B 0.9900 N2---C4 1.500 (7) C13---C14 1.518 (8) N2---H2N 0.878 (10) C13---C16 1.537 (7) N3---C8 1.497 (7) C13---C15 1.535 (8) N3---C10 1.499 (6) C14---H14A 0.9800 N3---H3N 0.879 (10) C14---H14B 0.9800 N4---C12 1.478 (7) C14---H14C 0.9800 N4---C13 1.511 (7) C15---H15A 0.9800 N4---H4N 0.880 (10) C15---H15B 0.9800 C1---C2 1.518 (7) C15---H15C 0.9800 C1---C3 1.523 (8) C16---C17 1.537 (7) C1---H1 1.0000 C16---H16A 0.9900 C2---H2A 0.9800 C16---H16B 0.9900 C2---H2B 0.9800 C17---C18 1.524 (7) C2---H2C 0.9800 C17---H17 1.0000 C3---H3A 0.9900 C18---H18A 0.9800 C3---H3B 0.9900 C18---H18B 0.9800 C4---C6 1.528 (9) C18---H18C 0.9800 C4---C7 1.537 (8) C19---C20 1.476 (8) C4---C5 1.540 (8) C20---H20A 0.9800 C5---H5A 0.9800 C20---H20B 0.9800 C5---H5B 0.9800 C20---H20C 0.9800 C5---H5C 0.9800 Cl---O6 1.420 (5) C6---H6A 0.9800 Cl---O3 1.415 (4) C6---H6B 0.9800 Cl---O4 1.422 (5) C6---H6C 0.9800 Cl---O5 1.484 (5) C7---C8 1.559 (8) Cl1---O15 1.405 (7) C7---H7A 0.9900 Cl1---O16 1.435 (7) C7---H7B 0.9900 Cl1---O13 1.415 (4) C8---C9 1.497 (8) Cl1---O14 1.474 (8) C8---H8 1.0000 O1---Zn---N3 128.04 (17) C7---C8---H8 105.8 O1---Zn---N1 121.79 (16) C8---C9---H9A 109.5 N3---Zn---N1 109.96 (17) C8---C9---H9B 109.5 O1---Zn---N4 99.58 (16) H9A---C9---H9B 109.5 N3---Zn---N4 82.75 (16) C8---C9---H9C 109.5 N1---Zn---N4 91.23 (16) H9A---C9---H9C 109.5 O1---Zn---N2 89.52 (16) H9B---C9---H9C 109.5 N3---Zn---N2 92.08 (17) N3---C10---C11 113.0 (4) N1---Zn---N2 83.46 (17) N3---C10---C12 107.5 (4) N4---Zn---N2 170.89 (16) C11---C10---C12 109.9 (4) C19---O1---Zn 124.3 (4) N3---C10---H10 108.7 C1---N1---C17 114.5 (4) C11---C10---H10 108.7 C1---N1---Zn 105.6 (3) C12---C10---H10 108.7 C17---N1---Zn 120.6 (3) C10---C11---H11A 109.5 C1---N1---H1N 109 (4) C10---C11---H11B 109.5 C17---N1---H1N 104 (4) H11A---C11---H11B 109.5 Zn---N1---H1N 102 (4) C10---C11---H11C 109.5 C3---N2---C4 117.2 (4) H11A---C11---H11C 109.5 C3---N2---Zn 103.2 (3) H11B---C11---H11C 109.5 C4---N2---Zn 119.4 (3) N4---C12---C10 109.3 (4) C3---N2---H2N 103 (4) N4---C12---H12A 109.8 C4---N2---H2N 102 (4) C10---C12---H12A 109.8 Zn---N2---H2N 111 (4) N4---C12---H12B 109.8 C8---N3---C10 113.7 (4) C10---C12---H12B 109.8 C8---N3---Zn 117.3 (3) H12A---C12---H12B 108.3 C10---N3---Zn 109.0 (3) N4---C13---C14 106.6 (4) C8---N3---H3N 110 (4) N4---C13---C16 110.4 (4) C10---N3---H3N 103 (4) C14---C13---C16 111.8 (5) Zn---N3---H3N 102 (4) N4---C13---C15 110.7 (4) C12---

[ 342, 253, 4569, 952, 281, 11322, 8213, 15, 844, 588, 417, 320, 2403, 667, 2007, 4385, 323, 4320, 4606, 1425, 187, 187, 6623, 471, 556, 3559, 2067, 4633, 5579, 2722, 15, 496, 4059, 703, 1912, 659, 1467, 314, 13516, 399, 6816, 285, 1580, 4104, 703, 556, 17386, 253, 8017, 55, 19, 6612, 921, 10540, 8451, 285, 253, 17909, 13521, 2732, 13998, 15, 187, 187, 10759, 5263, 2210, 1897, 1078, 2884, 471, 369, 1955, 281, 8778, 281, 3684, 7531, 323, 253, 8986, 10540, 8451, 2962, 13, 534, 9513, 327, 854, 4247, 15, 788, 253, 29054, 32, 187, 187, 38, 4899, 6171, 37774, 13584, 7177, 432, 616, 17396, 3270, 14, 282, 1170, 966, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 2129, 13, 5820, 387, 253, 4400, 6757, 11612, 247, 581, 14, 11964, 3733, 2282, 327, 849, 281, 3657, 31693, 281, 253, 2315, 15, 187, 187, 688, 2380, 13, 597, 10557, 1167, 375, 285, 19459, 5430, 84, 432, 253, 2282, 281, 2709, 23812, 13, 1690, 380, 7061, 13, 24197, 13, 285, 253, 23323, 5687, 15, 12766, 4173, 2959, 247, 31347, 29054, 670, 253, 966, 1078, 352, 1014, 2335, 1659, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3733, 369, 629, 273, 247, 14200, 5219, 3995, 9370, 3487, 327, 31693, 2439, 4400, 11009, 15, 11474, 954, 19809, 4750, 1053, 457, 85, 6016, 10509, 4367, 13, 6757, 6338, 3078, 281, 3657, 5820, 432, 9628, 752, 597, 1925, 773, 16894, 440, 39651, 1491, 1806, 19936, 3872, 3988, 7350, 15, 187, 187, 36442, 528, 31693, 452, 1705, 562, 273, 253, 19809, 436, 807, 13, 5068, 342, 253, 3778, 2285, 457, 84, 2098, 323, 253, 6757, 896, 275, 4247, 15, 3932, 840, 13, 253, 3420, 556, 2797, 2208, 5012, 327, 7952, 5859, 13, 3778, 457, 84, 4081, 7563, 12176, 323, 253, 6757, 13, 285, 625, 15, 187, 187, 6601, 4801, 4214, 9069, 35015, 14315, 1390, 1770, 326, 3780, 665, 31347, 7996, 2208, 1491, 651, 320, 6949, 285, 7826, 39459, 15, 187, 187, 1898, 2568, 13, 1060, 359, 403, 15, 773, 1147, 457, 84, 40066, 326, 359, 452, 271, 3270, 14, 282, 1170, 2926, 326, 310, 26415, 432, 247, 31347, 29054, 1806, 19809, 28179, 500, 23509, 37225, 2183, 253, 7061, 15, 10708, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 2566, 28, 187, 187, 2948, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 2765, 28, 187, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 8906, 15, 3207, 4976, 6155, 28, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 8906, 15, 3207, 4976, 4505, 28, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 8906, 15, 11749, 28, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 44054, 15, 68, 392, 83, 15, 8906, 15, 5455, 12618, 28, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 4974, 2437, 273, 9423, 3207, 4976, 326, 4419, 247, 13250, 1309, 12669, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 7582, 480, 348, 6683, 187, 1738, 187, 15834, 966, 33436, 9063, 3207, 4976, 8725, 9423, 3207, 4976, 551, 187, 50274, 9486, 33436, 13250, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 8951, 4976, 4505, 11512, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 12899, 12618, 15, 11749, 1854, 12618, 11749, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 30492, 8951, 4976, 4505, 755, 14376, 4505, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 12185, 15, 788, 14376, 4505, 1082, 3613, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 2309, 2221, 15, 788, 14376, 4505, 1874, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 14626, 551, 187, 50266, 2309, 755, 11749, 5023, 11145, 1587, 257, 995, 2032, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 5834, 313, 5330, 299, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 2309, 8951, 4976, 6155, 15, 43616, 5023, 788, 14376, 1874, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 30492, 12899, 12618, 15, 11749, 755, 5455, 12618, 11749, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 3967, 12618, 11749, 2295, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 3967, 12618, 11749, 426, 12899, 12618, 15, 788, 11749, 9, 788, 14376, 4505, 1082, 3613, 3635, 3736, 755, 14376, 4505, 1082, 1163, 755, 11749, 5023, 11145, 1587, 257, 995, 2032, 4027, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 2309, 1854, 12618, 11749, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 33436, 9063, 3207, 4976, 9, 11749, 13250, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 12185, 1874, 187, 50270, 2520, 15, 20907, 426, 13250, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 8951, 4976, 4505, 755, 2632, 5336, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 20918, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 2295, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 20918, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 426, 13250, 15, 11145, 9, 788, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 5023, 788, 45408, 1838, 5715, 2032, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 2309, 11512, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 9423, 3207, 4976, 873, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 9, 3207, 4976, 4505, 260, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 13, 27921, 4610, 13, 187, 50270, 2765, 29, 9063, 9505, 31, 1896, 36655, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 12185, 15, 1178, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 9, 68, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 13, 4610, 13, 1896, 36655, 558, 187, 50270, 20918, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 426, 3635, 28, 187, 50270, 2309, 436, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 33436, 755, 11749, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 2309, 13250, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 4605, 755, 5455, 12905, 2214, 7474, 9, 2776, 1854, 13, 12419, 2127, 11564, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 5455, 12618, 1854, 12618, 426, 755, 5455, 12618, 11749, 5023, 4064, 5455, 9, 3967, 558, 187, 50270, 2776, 3806, 1992, 8665, 28, 187, 50270, 2776, 2127, 426, 2127, 11564, 3736, 1854, 12618, 15, 788, 6124, 1082, 1163, 1854, 12618, 15, 788, 12618, 6124, 1874, 187, 50270, 338, 313, 788, 30335, 1082, 2295, 19368, 15, 29003, 1556, 64, 14524, 2637, 10, 551, 187, 50266, 14005, 1992, 8665, 426, 2127, 28, 1380, 1996, 1056, 436, 625, 34025, 15, 187, 50270, 94, 2010, 551, 187, 50266, 14005, 1992, 8665, 426, 16375, 66, 3860, 2029, 9739, 187, 50262, 12, 8951, 4976, 6155, 15, 43616, 5023, 321, 5200, 5023, 1542, 5455, 12618, 9, 788, 36, 392, 83, 4505, 1992, 9063, 5023, 788, 45408, 1838, 5715, 1854, 12618, 10, 187, 50262, 12, 8894, 44679, 559, 187, 50262, 3211, 187, 50262, 12, 44153, 66, 27988, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 2309, 3806, 1992, 8665, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 94, 50, 27, 187, 187, 2347, 476, 309, 4993, 619, 10469, 11700, 614, 20421, 32, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 247, 43240, 34513, 2403, 271, 4959, 622, 13, 594, 309, 1663, 878, 634, 1361, 15, 187, 42, 871, 326, 619, 1953, 310, 2221, 1048, 13, 533, 309, 588, 320, 14442, 604, 368, 6068, 3662, 619, 1437, 187, 42, 717, 2403, 271, 622, 326, 34899, 337, 3159, 12421, 432, 1142, 3000, 275, 247, 2829, 15, 187, 14131, 13, 309, 1160, 619, 20421, 342, 11700, 614, 15, 309, 3597, 841, 1841, 15, 187, 187, 42, 1160, 12967, 8904, 19570, 281, 897, 11700, 614, 9807, 19570, 187, 42, 1160, 12967, 8904, 16324, 281, 1691, 5861, 275, 247, 2829, 187, 42, 1160, 12967, 44066, 555, 281, 1527, 16025, 285, 281, 923, 247, 3159, 4236, 432, 247, 2829, 949, 10318, 3145, 15, 32256, 5023, 187, 187, 6872, 403, 619, 11646, 187, 187, 22093, 21907, 187, 187, 4387, 966, 12967, 12479, 8725, 2051, 30616, 12479, 551, 535, 50274, 9486, 12967, 8904, 16324, 3159, 8904, 16324, 28, 187, 50274, 2776, 7140, 426, 3159, 8904, 16324, 15, 14267, 28, 187, 50274, 2776, 3159, 426, 3159, 8904, 16324, 15, 3418, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 18641, 2991, 42458, 9, 18099, 9809, 36802, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 12185, 15, 251, 9395, 9, 36421, 36802, 558, 187, 50270, 1178, 8590, 3145, 9, 51, 15, 7916, 15, 12135, 64, 3418, 558, 187, 50270, 30288, 246, 18, 426, 313, 30288, 10, 48687, 9, 51, 15, 301, 15, 1156, 3145, 1413, 558, 187, 50270, 30288, 246, 19, 426, 313, 30288, 10, 48687, 9, 51, 15, 301, 15, 1156, 3145, 22093, 558, 535, 50270, 3418, 8904, 16324, 426, 747, 12967, 8904, 16324, 9, 2520, 558, 187, 50270, 3418, 8904, 16324, 15, 5758, 1874, 187, 50270, 3418, 8904, 16324, 15, 37, 4449, 3849, 1587, 4814, 22093, 8904, 3287, 187, 50270, 85, 18, 15, 32256, 9, 14267, 558, 187, 50270, 85, 19, 15, 32256, 9, 3418, 558, 187, 50270, 3418, 8904, 16324, 15, 10483, 1874, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 187, 22093, 8904, 19570, 9, 5302, 11700, 614, 7489, 7518, 468, 10, 535, 50274, 2948, 4228, 4959, 15, 6071, 15, 8590, 15888, 15, 22227, 28, 535, 50274, 4387, 966, 12967, 8904, 19570, 8725, 11700, 614, 9807, 19570, 551, 187, 50269, 4659, 2457, 4605, 22454, 64, 9536, 426, 346, 4814, 22093, 8904, 3664, 535, 50274, 4387, 12967, 8904, 19570, 9, 5856, 3634, 13, 4605, 1416, 13, 11700, 614, 21563, 15, 31620, 11749, 13250, 13, 540, 2715, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 12185, 9, 8882, 13, 1416, 13, 13250, 13, 2715, 558, 187, 50270, 6800, 15, 69, 9, 22227, 13, 346, 3233, 8932, 19570, 3287, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 2991, 42458, 9, 12070, 614, 21563, 34703, 45, 614, 21563, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 6800, 15, 69, 9, 22227, 13, 346, 3235, 13119, 3287, 535, 50270, 2776, 2794, 8053, 426, 346, 25875, 22454, 8681, 5803, 8021, 44237, 346, 559, 22454, 64, 9536, 559, 187, 50262, 31770, 5417, 41847, 4653, 44825, 25111, 44046, 48, 1042, 1311, 17260, 13, 346, 559, 187, 50262, 3, 36, 4966, 40, 15258, 46434, 5803, 5812, 13, 346, 559, 187, 50262, 3, 25981, 46434, 5803, 5812, 558, 3664, 187, 50270, 18858, 45, 614, 21563, 15, 9993, 12070, 9, 6953, 8053, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 2991, 327, 5683, 7698, 9, 12070, 614, 21563, 34703, 45, 614, 21563, 13, 540, 891, 13, 540, 891, 18, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 6800, 15, 69, 9, 22227, 13, 346, 3235, 327, 5683, 7698, 3287, 187, 50270, 2776, 2794, 8053, 426, 346, 4976, 2795, 22454, 8681, 8021, 44237, 346, 559, 22454, 64, 9536, 559, 36417, 3664, 187, 50270, 18858, 45, 614, 21563, 15, 9993, 12070, 9, 6953, 8053, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 187, 20, 15, 22093, 8904, 16324, 9, 6550, 8133, 15648, 10, 187, 50274, 2948, 4228, 4959, 15, 6071, 15, 8590, 15888, 15, 22227, 28, 535, 50274, 4387, 966, 12967, 8904, 16324, 551, 187, 50274, 4387, 4605, 2654, 28, 187, 50274, 4387, 4605, 7140, 28, 187, 50274, 4387, 4605, 3159, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 25161, 3634, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 12967, 8904, 19570, 14073, 19570, 28, 187, 50274, 9486, 11700, 614, 21563, 5447, 28, 535, 50274, 4387, 12967, 8904, 16324, 9, 5856, 260, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 8882, 426, 260, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 12967, 8904, 16324, 1527, 1082, 12326, 11700, 5330, 551, 187, 50270, 5470, 19570, 426, 747, 12967, 8904, 19570, 9, 8882, 13, 346, 8904, 995, 3635, 13, 337, 558, 187, 50270, 25522, 426, 14073, 19570, 15, 788, 25191, 494, 21563, 1874, 535, 50268, 5470, 26698, 1587, 4814, 22093, 8904, 995, 346, 48157, 995, 346, 33244, 28753, 3287, 535, 50270, 2309, 436, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 2991, 399, 4449, 3849, 9, 2776, 2829, 2402, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 31620, 20482, 426, 3635, 28, 187, 50270, 14626, 551, 187, 50266, 14849, 426, 5447, 15, 7267, 9, 2420, 2402, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 13, 3635, 558, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 14849, 3613, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50262, 6050, 313, 14849, 15, 15106, 1992, 9301, 6649, 551, 187, 50258, 301, 426, 20482, 15, 35519, 9, 14849, 15, 788, 13317, 6060, 1587, 1838, 17378, 187, 50258, 14267, 426, 20482, 15, 35519, 9, 14849, 15, 788, 13317, 6060, 1587, 36, 4966, 40, 15258, 17378, 187, 50258, 3418, 426, 20482, 15, 35519, 9, 14849, 15, 788, 13317, 6060, 1587, 25981, 17378, 187, 50262, 94, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 4720, 551, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 14849, 3613, 3635, 10, 551, 187, 50262, 14849, 15, 10483, 1874, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 2991, 2810, 1082, 551, 187, 50270, 25522, 15, 10483, 1874, 187, 50270, 5470, 19570, 15, 10483, 1874, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 4387, 2991, 14073, 26698, 9, 2776, 2829, 2402, 13, 4605, 7140, 13, 4605, 3159, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 6800, 15, 69, 9, 22227, 13, 346, 26698, 5128, 33051, 535, 50270, 8590, 15888, 2600, 15888, 426, 747, 17215, 15888, 1874, 535 ]

with the appropriate people to resolve matters. We will not be making any further comment for legal reasons.” Flack has presented several popular TV shows. In 2014 she won Strictly Come Dancing and since 2015 she has hosted the ITV2 reality show Love Island and the accompanying programme Aftersun. Her arrest came days before Flack was due to fly to South Africa for the winter Love Island series, which begins on 8 January.get the memo? EPA employees eagerly leak documents from their mandatory anti-leaking class. This week, workers at the federal agency attended a one-hour training course on how to prevent leaks to the press. In response, they disclosed memos and slideshows from the course to multiple outlets, including The Hill, Reuters, and the Associated Press. Politico received a leaked memo about the class before it even took place. The training was part of a wider White House crackdown on leaks across federal agencies. Though most EPA staff don’t handle classified files, agency officials wanted to prevent workers from sharing what they called “controlled unclassified information,” citing national security concerns. Numerous leaks have come out of the EPA this year, beginning with the Trump team’s plan for the agency back in January. Since then, the media has obtained government reports on climate science, Trump’s proposed budget cuts for the agency, and more. Attorney General Jeff Sessions warned last month that anyone who leaked sensitive government information would be investigated and potentially prosecuted. And yet, here we are. “It’s ironic that we have an anti-leaking story that is rooted from a leaked memo,” EPA spokesperson Jahan Wilcox told the Hill.package org.unicode.cldr.test; import java.util.List; import org.unicode.cldr.util.CLDRConfig; import org.unicode.cldr.util.CLDRFile; import org.unicode.cldr.util.Factory; import org.unicode.cldr.util.PathHeader; /** * Subclass of CheckCLDR that requires a factory during checking. * * @author jchye */ abstract class FactoryCheckCLDR extends CheckCLDR { private Factory factory; private CLDRFile resolvedCldrFileToCheck; private PathHeader.Factory pathHeaderFactory; @Override public synchronized CLDRFile getEnglishFile() { if (super.getEnglishFile() != null) { return super.getEnglishFile(); } try { return getFactory().make("en", true); } catch (Exception e) { return CLDRConfig.getInstance().getEnglish(); } } public synchronized PathHeader.Factory getPathHeaderFactory() { if (pathHeaderFactory == null) { pathHeaderFactory = PathHeader.getFactory(getEnglishFile() != null ? getEnglishFile() : getFactory().make("en", true)); } return pathHeaderFactory; } public FactoryCheckCLDR(Factory factory) { super(); this.factory = factory; } public CLDRFile getResolvedCldrFileToCheck() { if (resolvedCldrFileToCheck == null) { resolvedCldrFileToCheck = factory.make(getCldrFileToCheck().getLocaleID(), true); } return resolvedCldrFileToCheck; } @Override public CheckCLDR setCldrFileToCheck(CLDRFile cldrFileToCheck, Options options, List<CheckStatus> possibleErrors) { super.setCldrFileToCheck(cldrFileToCheck, options, possibleErrors); resolvedCldrFileToCheck = null; return this; } public Factory getFactory() { return factory; } public String getPathReferenceForMessage(String path, boolean codeOnly) { PathHeader pathHeader = getPathHeaderFactory().fromPath(path); String referenceToOther; String code = codeOnly ? pathHeader.getCode() : pathHeader.getHeaderCode(); if (getPhase() == Phase.FINAL_TESTING) { referenceToOther = code; // later make this more readable. } else { referenceToOther = "<a href=\"" + CLDRConfig.getInstance().urls().forPathHeader(getCldrFileToCheck().getLocaleID(), pathHeader) + "\">" + code + "</a>"; } return referenceToOther; } }Q: How can I fix my Android SQLite Database? I'm a beginner programmer making an android app, so I really need your help. I know that my question is super long, but I will be grateful if you guys answer my quest I am making an app that selects 1 word randomly from many words in a table. Thus, I made my Database with SQLite. I tried these things. I made WordDBHelper to use SQLiteOpenHelper I made WordDBRecord to put records in a table I made WordActivty to open DB and to see a word selected from a table through TextView.setText(). These are my codes Word Activity public class WordActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private WordDBRecord wordDBRecord; String category = wordDBRecord.category; String word = wordDBRecord.word; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_word); TextView t1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewCategory); TextView t2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewWord); wordDBRecord = new WordDBRecord(this); wordDBRecord.open(); wordDBRecord.DBSearch("KeyWordDB"); t1.setText(category); t2.setText(word); wordDBRecord.close(); } } WordDBHelper(using SQLite Open Helper) import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG; public class WordDBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { static final String TABLE_NAME = "KeyWordDB"; public WordDBHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) { super(context, name, factory, version); Log.d(TAG, "DataBaseHelper"); } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase) { Log.d(TAG, "Table Create"); String createQuery = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME + "( ID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " + "CATEGORY TEXT NOT NULL, " + "WORD TEXT NOT NULL);"; sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(createQuery); } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase, int i, int i1) { Log.d(TAG, "Table onUpgrade"); String createQuery = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_NAME + ";"; sqLiteDatabase.execSQL(createQuery); } } 3.WordDBRecord( Class putting Records) import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG; public class WordDBRecord { public String id; public String category; public String word; private Context context; private WordDBHelper dbHelper; private SQLiteDatabase database; public WordDBRecord(Context c) { context = c; } public WordDBRecord open() throws SQLException { dbHelper = new WordDBHelper(context, "DB", null, 1); database = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase(); dbInsert("KeyWordDB", "Movie", "Harry Potter"); return this; } public void DBSearch(String tableName) { Cursor cursor = null; try { cursor = database.query(tableName, null, null, null, null, null, null); if (cursor != null) { while (cursor.moveToNext()) { id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("ID")); category = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("CATEGORY")); word = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("WORD")); } } } finally { if (cursor != null) { cursor.close(); } } } public void close() { database.close(); dbHelper.close(); } public void dbInsert(String tableName, String category, String word) { Log.d(TAG, "Insert Data "); ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();

[ 1774, 2616, 275, 253, 17000, 273, 23294, 434, 2728, 313, 2350, 10, 19556, 285, 4833, 253, 4702, 273, 6551, 39826, 8361, 14, 47162, 1238, 313, 34, 5346, 10, 15015, 15, 743, 1774, 2495, 2803, 13, 253, 3361, 273, 4276, 80, 38, 21, 2601, 275, 5446, 3998, 1341, 22294, 253, 26331, 281, 5446, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 11764, 7601, 9130, 452, 247, 9560, 2554, 275, 253, 7842, 25641, 285, 3469, 327, 2173, 2601, 14, 20844, 301, 6355, 15, 380, 1655, 2278, 16633, 327, 18977, 16663, 273, 6384, 26331, 313, 348, 12050, 13, 26831, 25982, 19288, 2352, 13, 33125, 272, 19288, 2352, 10, 285, 11764, 11082, 275, 5446, 285, 3400, 12288, 275, 253, 1655, 4685, 273, 7534, 15403, 13, 616, 11764, 5289, 285, 3470, 13, 347, 973, 347, 616, 2554, 347, 2442, 9282, 8571, 15, 34349, 3082, 323, 12392, 253, 6384, 2605, 285, 11764, 5889, 588, 320, 9814, 275, 247, 3862, 3282, 5727, 253, 897, 273, 11764, 20896, 323, 2393, 6120, 273, 5446, 588, 320, 13515, 17903, 15, 5383, 3518, 273, 28381, 15015, 342, 253, 894, 6384, 285, 1027, 47625, 1963, 18502, 403, 9814, 15, 10209, 13, 253, 4278, 273, 253, 954, 1774, 11764, 7601, 9130, 13, 1690, 253, 2554, 273, 253, 6532, 6384, 347, 4073, 8468, 285, 697, 9282, 4893, 403, 1677, 15, 577, 14, 19304, 14, 19, 14, 4160, 257, 267, 778, 1132, 247, 2714, 2554, 275, 253, 17000, 273, 253, 19556, 273, 5446, 285, 3021, 253, 346, 1179, 31406, 14, 68, 4349, 25591, 9079, 3, 273, 5446, 310, 16318, 15, 6610, 13, 253, 954, 1774, 11764, 15048, 2616, 285, 616, 1896, 897, 285, 10307, 275, 253, 12212, 273, 5446, 403, 5469, 15, 14277, 5581, 187, 2327, 480, 757, 8202, 61, 10352, 982, 61, 43890, 61, 49875, 61, 11746, 61, 4717, 251, 11875, 17393, 28, 187, 187, 338, 9, 58, 2886, 1450, 5, 1212, 1168, 12928, 5013, 1911, 251, 34368, 5374, 34368, 881, 6038, 3613, 686, 17381, 3401, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 5, 2520, 1168, 12928, 5013, 31212, 68, 4638, 1768, 6038, 5456, 426, 14412, 1968, 8, 3001, 50276, 8, 11827, 104, 17955, 232, 41202, 31902, 234, 10606, 6434, 8, 3001, 14412, 4663, 6038, 2194, 187, 94, 187, 187, 5, 2520, 1168, 12928, 5013, 31212, 68, 4638, 1768, 6038, 5456, 426, 14412, 1968, 8, 3001, 370, 1911, 251, 7104, 5013, 5564, 16445, 8, 6434, 8, 3001, 14412, 13018, 10606, 1911, 251, 8, 3001, 370, 1911, 251, 44270, 187, 28391, 187, 187, 29, 2154, 966, 568, 2052, 14, 3610, 14, 19, 3, 3740, 568, 3429, 27, 1458, 10543, 4898, 27, 2233, 10543, 11814, 18459, 22650, 13011, 187, 50274, 14277, 30, 5733, 251, 11875, 17393, 1450, 14778, 1874, 23983, 187, 870, 2154, 31, 187, 29, 2154, 966, 568, 2052, 14, 3610, 14, 740, 3, 3740, 568, 3429, 27, 9330, 10543, 17333, 14, 1274, 27, 470, 28, 17333, 14, 918, 27, 470, 13011, 187, 50274, 14277, 30, 370, 2520, 1168, 12574, 3914, 1374, 12063, 12928, 558, 23983, 187, 870, 2154, 31, 31840, 436, 807, 352, 3261, 751, 6539, 308, 5464, 90, 457, 84, 673, 387, 7087, 14634, 3228, 369, 3551, 281, 271, 990, 1108, 533, 3185, 253, 40860, 50117, 348, 9852, 310, 327, 253, 39931, 273, 8136, 247, 2201, 41457, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 308, 5464, 90, 11359, 521, 1659, 323, 7814, 457, 84, 2165, 387, 5418, 14814, 352, 588, 320, 247, 1052, 394, 2615, 3927, 7286, 323, 253, 4567, 14, 2913, 14, 744, 13, 665, 310, 1024, 275, 521, 20117, 2952, 342, 253, 5453, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3438, 20341, 5213, 457, 84, 1735, 3761, 275, 3228, 22290, 588, 2118, 779, 2590, 273, 2516, 47433, 5582, 715, 5571, 394, 1659, 275, 253, 512, 14, 2606, 18655, 1618, 13, 581, 2159, 273, 11290, 401, 462, 2184, 285, 12029, 39896, 250, 327, 848, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 457, 620, 671, 320, 275, 3986, 273, 253, 13052, 273, 11128, 445, 388, 18141, 1615, 313, 17490, 582, 11128, 445, 444, 324, 466, 313, 17490, 10, 285, 26298, 16026, 13, 275, 3925, 394, 1659, 327, 25193, 15, 1893, 943, 308, 5464, 90, 3464, 247, 806, 14, 22122, 3963, 762, 10213, 10351, 413, 436, 2952, 13, 344, 943, 452, 247, 12524, 5103, 387, 19486, 1170, 416, 3814, 11024, 13, 275, 8026, 394, 327, 28121, 15, 187, 187, 510, 10458, 46710, 2615, 3927, 18069, 812, 1014, 452, 247, 5103, 273, 10922, 253, 1755, 2456, 13, 1907, 6704, 247, 767, 14, 2913, 3310, 1309, 253, 2457, 2129, 273, 1390, 2952, 13, 281, 1379, 521, 3297, 949, 281, 9169, 15, 187, 187, 18552, 308, 5464, 90, 11691, 327, 521, 7087, 14634, 3228, 11386, 13, 275, 247, 6884, 9167, 36583, 342, 5037, 33293, 387, 330, 2501, 8669, 30038, 27, 5171, 43267, 31715, 16, 26078, 13478, 187, 187, 1992, 1056, 326, 1755, 2456, 253, 34905, 14, 6448, 11750, 2146, 588, 452, 281, 28842, 253, 26972, 18655, 6786, 407, 3645, 9167, 13688, 8698, 15370, 285, 17960, 26762, 353, 1278, 90, 23302, 333, 1108, 285, 281, 513, 326, 308, 5464, 90, 588, 452, 281, 4035, 347, 247, 3963, 762, 10351, 413, 15, 187, 187, 3039, 253, 5685, 2335, 689, 347, 1481, 8690, 275, 253, 5768, 273, 4240, 13, 9745, 2169, 7681, 11684, 273, 40860, 398, 13, 352, 3261, 751, 253, 3438, 416, 41564, 285, 23840, 4978, 637, 369, 873, 323, 247, 2554, 347, 247, 39411, 4760, 1309, 253, 2457, 807, 273, 521, 3310, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 9100, 253, 806, 1740, 9728, 3958, 273, 10351, 413, 457, 84, 19485, 327, 253, 10955, 13, 308, 5464, 90, 13082, 281, 1132, 247, 2234, 2554, 275, 4983, 271, 4314, 14, 13197, 46908, 15030, 1408, 275, 253, 11218, 13, 9745, 6654, 281, 271, 745, 14, 40408, 350, 2285, 15, 187, 187, 6436, 13, 247, 34376, 4975, 4934, 253, 3520, 32048, 562, 323, 767, 2607, 285, 407, 253, 673, 344, 369, 4944, 969, 13, 830, 574, 295, 1700, 1567, 285, 253, 42933, 806, 2952, 762, 10351, 413, 285, 28802, 6423, 27659, 7066, 589, 369, 716, 1715, 272, 327, 247, 28900, 5024, 15, 187, 187, 56, 358, 934, 90, 18735, 369, 581, 273, 6539, 308, 5464, 90, 434, 1755, 26751, 347, 247, 7087, 14634, 4760, 187, 40701, 27, 5171, 43267, 31715, 16, 26078, 13478, 187, 187, 510, 7989, 18069, 4895, 387, 26846, 327, 14423, 272, 6258, 285, 2530, 30847, 4023, 505, 2378, 969, 275, 247, 374, 14, 17, 3330, 15, 3228, 3663, 816, 581, 273, 1249, 9728, 3958, 342, 308, 5464, 90, 896, 327, 253, 2914, 1386, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 1014, 3053, 9398, 253, 13595, 457, 84, 549, 1814, 395, 11719, 1309, 253, 1273, 2716, 273, 1390, 2952, 13, 342, 309, 5711, 367, 14806, 10805, 562, 273, 9796, 13, 347, 521, 36499, 4821, 17421, 3963, 22898, 670, 521, 2852, 15, 187, 187, 34, 1091, 281, 23840, 28925, 285, 247, 45591, 342, 6539, 26298, 387, 44124, 497, 2190, 253, 11267, 2108, 347, 352, 3261, 751, 308, 5464, 90, 651, 320, 327, 521, 1039, 275, 253, 5768, 15, 187, 187, 3074, 253, 4116, 369, 327, 26226, 388, 1062, 23509, 347, 253, 11596, 1342, 753, 42076, 1309, 271, 8991, 374, 14, 18, 3330, 689, 39605, 275, 253, 2457, 1728, 2165, 273, 253, 1390, 4544, 13, 533, 752, 670, 308, 5464, 90, 32, 187, 187, 18552, 308, 5464, 90, 11691, 253, 9880, 4736, 347, 7087, 14634, 1912, 1977, 281, 17427, 1986, 275, 253, 19425, 6884, 275, 4565, 4104, 187, 40701, 27, 5171, 43267, 31715, 16, 26078, 13478, 187, 187, 510, 42402, 9829, 326, 2165, 342, 247, 896, 7372, 13, 6108, 11649, 13, 1919, 253, 4112, 369, 3531, 327, 697, 1481, 672, 3668, 9377, 326, 3228, 574, 5907, 247, 747, 767, 14, 2913, 3310, 13, 23447, 327, 3012, 3777, 17575, 15, 187, 187, 688, 1614, 253, 637, 665, 2378, 11226, 253, 2615, 3927, 281, 247, 7520, 8937, 6572, 567, 636, 10170, 13, 816, 1078, 9449, 1264, 1107, 3622, 13, 556, 2489, 247, 9560, 629, 273, 10351, 413, 457, 84, 2285, 7552, 253, 9326, 5522, 273, 436, 2952, 457, 84, 11218, 14892, 5492, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 556, 3053, 1384, 273, 3307, 9728, 10129, 285, 6312, 512, 533, 767, 273, 1110, 15, 1707, 452, 644, 247, 1643, 259, 19074, 314, 9506, 13, 46754, 896, 432, 247, 1499, 45695, 3148, 1411, 44124, 275, 4223, 407, 289, 30022, 1728, 247, 3563, 4736, 281, 1056, 2119, 273, 247, 374, 14, 17, 1728, 3330, 15, 187, 187, 1328, 671, 37093, 247, 439, 22560, 9055, 1309, 253, 374, 14, 19, 3812, 387, 29912, 3228, 327, 7814, 13, 35440, 17816, 247, 1273, 8862, 3120, 285, 10305, 253, 4023, 275, 253, 1421, 598, 281, 253, 14516, 457, 806, 4736, 15, 187, 187, 1989, 275, 253, 2022, 308, 5464, 90, 556, 8058, 347, 9865, 281, 10351, 413, 347, 344, 556, 281, 521, 2045, 7087, 14634, 15071, 1108, 594, 309, 5082, 457, 85, 701, 1411, 779, 10922, 326, 512, 14, 2606, 1755, 2456, 816, 2568, 15, 187, 187, 9431, 6739, 17870, 1277, 24831, 1410, 187, 187, 5817, 7251, 30, 17560, 5418, 1108, 24876, 187, 187, 2082, 30, 7195, 6696, 4705, 1108, 24876, 187, 187, 2082, 30, 11128, 445, 388, 18141, 1615, 1108, 24876, 187, 187, 2082, 30, 42735, 3044, 8469, 603, 1108, 24876, 187, 187, 5817, 10447, 30, 12029, 39896, 250, 1108, 848, 187, 187, 2090, 30, 11290, 401, 462, 2184, 1108, 848, 187, 187, 5817, 11102, 30, 329, 40680, 308, 2025, 5428, 58, 1108, 1749, 187, 187, 3677, 30, 2516, 47433, 5582, 1108, 1749, 187, 187, 5817, 11087, 33418, 25968, 1108, 26484, 187, 187, 5817, 10677, 20164, 7061, 1108, 23627, 187, 187, 5817, 6879, 10035, 367, 2955, 266, 1108, 26771, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 1318, 752, 436, 2926, 4245, 368, 13, 4496, 1908, 8109, 253, 11867, 13992, 5687, 15, 15682, 253, 3048, 275, 253, 8862, 3817, 2708, 323, 4278, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 11547, 556, 644, 247, 4275, 629, 273, 3114, 1495, 323, 1142, 1107, 13, 949, 1175, 2069, 285, 3076, 13, 9417, 347, 634, 21424, 285, 18273, 2603, 273, 1980, 1491, 15, 3824, 4491, 310, 10268, 5175, 2069, 13, 534, 310, 2139, 309, 457, 78, 7004, 323, 634, 1329, 15, 6000, 2014, 7680, 588, 1361, 441, 4035, 281, 4711, 5722, 14, 23166, 1980, 26481, 326, 2789, 247, 27289, 3064, 281, 776, 3114, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 15900, 323, 14, 14075, 25142, 275, 3541, 187, 187, 42, 1353, 1488, 2835, 247, 2969, 29826, 6001, 281, 513, 247, 33037, 15596, 689, 2239, 25463, 4367, 342, 767, 9930, 1016, 15, 187, 510, 4367, 4453, 751, 436, 27, 187, 34, 18, 21279, 495, 187, 34, 18, 7386, 495, 187, 34, 19, 46, 495, 187, 34, 21, 40, 29526, 608, 187, 2446, 1719, 374, 187, 34, 22897, 374, 187, 34, 2350, 1194, 374, 187, 2446, 40, 2925, 577, 187, 2446, 44, 18, 495, 187, 34, 12437, 374, 187, 34, 1539, 1194, 495, 187, 34, 15286, 374, 187, 34, 15286, 19, 495, 187, 34, 1277, 3871, 18, 374, 187, 1051, 187, 187, 1898, 253, 2127, 310, 436, 27, 187, 4350, 41, 8147, 30, 6104, 1568, 15, 6674, 15, 10134, 187, 1109, 428, 19232, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 187, 1542, 891, 275, 2634, 5200, 33481, 46051, 1040, 3686, 65, 28, 513, 187, 50274, 338, 544, 428, 71, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 25896, 840, 187, 50270, 7317, 428, 71, 19, 370, 74, 393, 187, 50270, 93, 15596, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 428, 2239, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 15, 12780, 187, 50270, 36386, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 15, 12780, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 187, 50274, 7271, 187, 50270, 8076, 370, 74, 2239, 370, 4350, 41, 8147, 187, 50274, 11125, 187, 17506, 187, 187, 262, 13279, 253, 806, 1873, 285, 12013, 352, 281, 253, 3453, 1873, 15, 840, 352, 13279, 253, 1273, 1873, 13, 352, 3936, 253, 1273, 847, 7640, 285, 352, 2469, 265, 352, 281, 253, 3453, 1873, 13, 285, 594, 327, 1051, 187, 783, 2127, 2987, 354, 3803, 314, 13, 533, 352, 4850, 23995, 373, 1242, 17357, 984, 275, 1016, 5880, 352, 556, 281, 1527, 285, 50029, 247, 8750, 1873, 15, 187, 338, 309, 812, 4657, 253, 906, 273, 247, 5036, 19502, 275, 3541, 3185, 273, 275, 7592, 13, 309, 1158, 326, 253, 1347, 79, 584, 651, 320, 1199, 7938, 15, 187, 16534, 368, 4496, 1918, 479, 690, 12925, 275, 436, 32, 187, 47033, 368, 594, 1199, 2, 2490, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 2042, 309, 7192, 987, 13, 285, 512, 4367, 452, 253, 1072, 1180, 273, 10175, 13, 368, 476, 897, 305, 3023, 17488, 281, 1379, 847, 374, 273, 1016, 1873, 3707, 253, 806, 13, 581, 1386, 387 ]

important factors in the initiation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and influence the formation of neurotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides. An important risk factor, the presence of ApoE4 protein in AD brain cells binds the lipids to AD. In addition, lipid signaling pathways have a crucial role in the cellular homeostasis and depend on specific protein-lipid interactions. The current review focuses on pathological alterations of membrane lipids (cholesterol, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids) and lipid metabolism in AD and provides insight in the current understanding of biological membranes, their lipid structures and functions, as well as their role as potential therapeutic targets. Novel methods for studying the membrane structure and lipid composition will be reviewed in a broad sense whereas the use of lipid biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD will be shortly summarized. Interactions of Aβ peptides with the cell membrane and different subcellular organelles are reviewed. Next, the details of the most important lipid signaling pathways, including the role of the plasma membrane as stress sensor and its therapeutic applications are given. 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal may play a special role in the initiation of the pathogenesis of AD and thus the "calpain-cathepsin hypothesis" of AD is highlighted. Finally, the most important lipid dietary factors and their possible use and efficacy in the prevention of AD are discussed.<?php use jianyan\basics\backend\widgets\menu\AddonLeftWidget; if(Yii::$app->params['addon']['info']['type'] != 'plug') { $this->params['breadcrumbs'][] = ['label' => '扩展模块','url' => ['index']]; } $this->params['breadcrumbs'][] = ['label' => $addonModel['title'],'url' => ['binding','addon' => $addon]]; ?> <div class="col-sm-2" style="width: 15%; height: 100%;background:#fff;"> <?= AddonLeftWidget::widget(); ?> </div> <div class="col-sm-10" style="width: 85%;padding-left: 0;padding-right: 0;"> <?= $this->render($view,$params); ?> </div>Earlier this year it looked like Alex Tettey’s time at Norwich City was coming to an end – but instead the midfield lynchpin is on the verge of passing a major milestone. If Tettey keeps his place for Saturday’s game at Blackburn it will be a 200th Canaries appearance for the 32-year-old, who is now in his seventh season with the club. The former Norway international’s next match in City colours will move him clear of John Deehan into 70th place in the all-time appearances list, one short of Ken Foggo and Les Eyre on 201. He’ll also be in reach of the likes of Darren Huckerby (203), Darren Eadie (203) and Neil Adams, in 60th place on 206. So should Tettey remain a first-choice regular under Daniel Farke this season, he should have a decent shot at overtaking Ruel Fox, in 56th on 219. The tough tackling Canaries favourite could even have a shot of reaching the top 50, having signed a two-year contract during the final week of last season, to take his stay through to 2020. Alex Tettey scored on his Norwich City debut, in a League Cup clash with Doncaster at Carrow Road Picture: Paul Chesterton/Focus Images To make that top 50 the Ghana-born battler will have to surpass the 232 appearances achieved by World Cup winner Martin Peters and Scottish defender Malky Mackay – and to do that Tettey will have to continue as a regular under Farke. When the German took over as head coach in the summer of 2017, bringing higher technical demands of midfielders, it looked like the former Rennes and Rosenberg man was set for a role as a fringe player during the final year of his contract. After spending the first four league games of Farke’s reign on the bench, Tettey emerged to play a key role in starting an eight-game unbeaten run in the Championship, bringing balance to an off-kilter team. However, a calf injury kept the physical competitor out for two months and by the time he was fit again, form had nosedived and the transitional first season under Farke and sporting director Stuart Webber was teetering on a cliff edge. Wembley glory was one of Alex Tettey's top achievements as a Norwich player Picture: Paul Chesterton/Focus Images The fan favourite returned at Birmingham on Boxing Day and provided pivotal ballast once again in a 2-0 win. City lost just one of 12 league games with Tettey back on the front line. He even started wearing the captain’s armband regularly during the second half of last season, with Ivo Pinto falling out of favour, as his revival continued amid regular speculation about his future. A return to Rosenborg and a reunion with Alex Neil at Preston were among the rumours as it looked like Tettey would be on his way in the summer. All the attention was on Wes Hoolahan as the Irishman said farewell during an emotional 2-1 win over Leeds in the final home game of the last campaign, but what about Tettey? Alex Tettey scored the winning goal as Norwich won away to Manchester United in the Premier League in December 2015 Picture: Paul Chesterton/Focus Images The midfielder missed that game with a back strain, leaving uncertainty, until the situation was turned on its head when news broke that City had offered a new two-year contract, albeit on significantly reduced wages. In turn the man who once fired the Canaries to a rare Old Trafford victory, just before Christmas three years ago, has become a crucial part of Farke’s team becoming the surprise package of this season’s Championship promotion race. He has started 20 of 22 league matches and completed all but two of those. There have been a few wobbly moments, bouncing back from a sloppy display against Preston in August by thumping home a late goal to make sure of a 2-0 home win. He also endured a shaky afternoon during the 2-2 draw at Bristol City on Saturday, narrowly avoiding a second yellow card and losing the ball in the lead up to the hosts’ first goal. But in the main Tettey has proved as valuable to Farke as he has to his previous Norwich managers – so I wouldn’t bet against him reaching that all-time top 50 just yet. NCFC APPEARANCES • 65= Alan Black – 203 65= Thomas Halliday – 203 65= Darren Huckerby – 203 65= Mick McGuire – 203 • 69= Les Eyre – 201 69= Ken Foggo – 201 • 71= ALEX TETTEY – 199 71= John Deehan – 199 • 73 Geoff Butler – 196 • 74 Jimmy Hill – 195 • 75 Mike Phelan – 194 If you value what this story gives you, please consider supporting the Eastern Daily Press. Click the link in the yellow box below for details. This newspaper has been a central part of community life for many years, through good times and bad, serving as your advocate and trusted source of local information. Our industry is facing testing times, which is why I’m asking for your support. Every single contribution will help us continue to produce award-winning local journalism that makes a measurable difference to our community.Q: Store for-loop iterations in memory I'm writting a simple bash script to do a recursive paste over >10000 files with two columns each. The files looks like this: A1BG 3 A1CF 3 A2M 3 A4GALT 5 AAAS 2 AACS 2 AADAT 2 AAGAB 4 AAK1 3 AAMP 2 AANAT 3 AARS 2 AARS2 3 AARSD1 2 ... And the code is this: SPHERE=Sphere.matrix.txt rm -rf $SPHERE for i in `ls *.spheres | sort`; do if [ -f $SPHERE ]; then cut -f2 $i \ | paste $SPHERE - > $SPHERE.tmp mv $SPHERE.tmp $SPHERE else cat $i > $SPHERE fi done it opens the first file and writes it to the output file. then it opens the second file, it takes the second colums and it pastes it to the output file, and so on... the code works propperly, but it gets progresively slower because in each cycle it has to open and overwrite a bigger file. if I could store the result of aech iteration in memory instead of in disk, I think that the performnace would be much faster. could you please give me some guidance in this? thank you so much! A: If I understood right, and all files have the same number of rows, you can use gnu awk to take col 2 of each file except the first, one line at

[ 14710, 843, 1260, 47898, 22999, 9636, 863, 39939, 1473, 32, 187, 187, 3074, 1111, 3816, 284, 187, 187, 42, 26453, 33332, 269, 18481, 637, 9951, 893, 512, 1499, 3544, 1111, 15, 4597, 1442, 2224, 6446, 292, 10647, 27094, 15, 4597, 14710, 30876, 6446, 292, 1895, 10647, 465, 2815, 255, 292, 7085, 254, 46832, 10647, 1499, 3544, 1111, 2177, 9951, 350, 13, 2780, 266, 843, 14710, 30876, 50226, 1895, 15, 401, 6592, 1120, 257, 18679, 3816, 274, 465, 287, 36115, 512, 1111, 13, 20442, 7151, 7670, 41996, 17366, 87, 31051, 1063, 15, 187, 187, 11063, 818, 27, 1093, 15, 399, 2768, 618, 15761, 544, 27035, 62, 7357, 1471, 27, 34441, 83, 13065, 47810, 18679, 273, 6592, 296, 2768, 2109, 16405, 32, 401, 6592, 296, 18481, 13065, 1101, 863, 6446, 292, 1260, 2780, 338, 36535, 79, 33045, 275, 891, 278, 6841, 79, 1886, 266, 14579, 258, 18946, 23394, 570, 32, 655, 15, 401, 6592, 843, 305, 18481, 1101, 275, 891, 23394, 5210, 288, 75, 9608, 893, 2780, 266, 38998, 891, 4231, 257, 13, 47589, 20442, 3612, 512, 1111, 3816, 284, 8363, 4230, 6868, 42156, 30137, 2780, 72, 40406, 15, 187, 187, 3546, 256, 518, 14710, 362, 31144, 17496, 187, 187, 37, 405, 307, 297, 331, 18481, 843, 47810, 18679, 45188, 891, 26453, 33332, 27, 187, 187, 34, 8159, 1458, 27, 1619, 15, 401, 6592, 1850, 7518, 9236, 743, 615, 8363, 2177, 4230, 6290, 40376, 255, 863, 1101, 27029, 1266, 66, 9636, 2827, 31217, 19835, 340, 85, 350, 3372, 609, 270, 6592, 1473, 13, 10647, 307, 297, 41164, 1260, 14710, 295, 25873, 21380, 2109, 17496, 27, 3285, 15, 5706, 13065, 42469, 1323, 73, 2768, 14797, 2827, 36177, 843, 1260, 14710, 745, 9296, 13581, 85, 1323, 72, 438, 25523, 13, 8363, 36177, 787, 351, 13, 8363, 36177, 20781, 1440, 1323, 465, 21380, 87, 1473, 277, 34157, 8363, 36177, 14366, 2788, 85, 15, 30542, 13065, 295, 13703, 46966, 274, 2827, 10647, 41164, 13, 305, 6592, 13065, 391, 21204, 15, 10351, 87, 17366, 15, 187, 187, 52, 75, 17366, 87, 8146, 254, 274, 16361, 18679, 45188, 7005, 46832, 1260, 14710, 31804, 1440, 17496, 8363, 327, 46515, 17496, 27, 34441, 85, 512, 85, 891, 16653, 297, 278, 36212, 69, 18679, 787, 343, 843, 30876, 6446, 66, 1895, 15, 187, 187, 55, 300, 3612, 492, 2381, 296, 41164, 21974, 31058, 15, 17721, 1602, 2381, 332, 1101, 47898, 14797, 9636, 1129, 2280, 66, 16653, 274, 8363, 36109, 1811, 10647, 863, 787, 74, 1315, 17366, 18233, 15, 4033, 66, 546, 990, 66, 256, 518, 14710, 362, 31144, 17496, 8363, 843, 14710, 863, 637, 13586, 6546, 7670, 8363, 787, 343, 1315, 17366, 296, 15, 187, 187, 43, 356, 27029, 3241, 546, 305, 40406, 7005, 546, 27029, 76, 609, 1260, 1837, 471, 23055, 2768, 4133, 2298, 1502, 7589, 547, 7005, 277, 6533, 32333, 34355, 843, 34045, 45844, 31804, 1440, 17496, 15, 13594, 4370, 1323, 1629, 4638, 713, 332, 10647, 863, 288, 507, 19732, 465, 9388, 796, 1101, 1323, 18679, 50201, 2298, 1502, 7589, 547, 945, 5173, 31398, 15, 187, 187, 21389, 356, 7447, 187, 187, 8486, 45188, 1129, 465, 2815, 255, 292, 2336, 4530, 45844, 546, 3807, 266, 16247, 5751, 10647, 863, 36109, 1811, 3525, 278, 6841, 79, 1886, 263, 15, 657, 324, 14710, 843, 10647, 546, 15990, 1260, 299, 7322, 3372, 257, 8405, 1063, 35246, 297, 32, 34441, 83, 843, 10647, 863, 7357, 25560, 23382, 2072, 256, 12271, 893, 9422, 1479, 2198, 9636, 492, 47591, 32, 187, 187, 24900, 1602, 2381, 332, 1101, 45844, 391, 1392, 1678, 10647, 46832, 3443, 9951, 350, 13, 8363, 1101, 7085, 254, 1602, 2381, 332, 3443, 419, 277, 2768, 29545, 1775, 14763, 70, 15, 34441, 85, 8363, 20880, 6513, 15, 443, 2768, 1101, 9636, 8641, 395, 266, 1260, 33045, 9636, 34163, 4530, 256, 21204, 10647, 863, 23382, 2072, 30085, 376, 8363, 36109, 1811, 3525, 277, 770, 14121, 15, 322, 2768, 21329, 23306, 787, 343, 4285, 8363, 4285, 963, 69, 29545, 891, 1850, 18882, 1260, 2177, 8794, 19732, 891, 15, 4597, 14710, 13096, 18882, 3241, 777, 257, 15, 187, 187, 8486, 990, 66, 1260, 14710, 362, 31144, 304, 505, 8363, 701, 10120, 7271, 11546, 85, 891, 277, 770, 14121, 14710, 863, 3443, 13586, 6546, 7670, 24131, 316, 8363, 787, 343, 1315, 17366, 296, 2, 187, 187, 30998, 1638, 27, 1166, 15, 401, 6592, 443, 36626, 4172, 413, 14710, 1101, 1111, 8363, 6079, 777, 13, 2780, 266, 391, 21204, 71, 1392, 5784, 304, 6168, 8363, 1315, 301, 8363, 1289, 1392, 69, 5173, 891, 1850, 7518, 9236, 743, 615, 15, 187, 187, 1779, 83, 2131, 17732, 4978, 8863, 187, 4, 31516, 788, 254, 757, 1852, 3837, 6352, 18816, 1852, 39, 2381, 2967, 76, 6836, 1852, 55, 1392, 2971, 67, 7382, 1852, 44, 2815, 255, 292, 187, 187, 1348, 10911, 420, 12287, 187, 187, 52, 4355, 337, 1323, 495, 322, 4355, 374, 1323, 495, 322, 4355, 495, 1323, 495, 337, 374, 9280, 20, 5429, 55, 3123, 27, 5787, 16775, 285, 6551, 4193, 1975, 1159, 15, 187, 688, 253, 21744, 3998, 13, 247, 2201, 10545, 11541, 310, 16016, 80, 4507, 16356, 11541, 313, 55, 3123, 481, 831, 3349, 8898, 3527, 11541, 13, 8927, 7011, 432, 253, 43320, 3443, 351, 14379, 13, 369, 1996, 1119, 275, 253, 4275, 285, 10844, 11219, 2718, 285, 275, 35527, 1341, 13, 835, 352, 15646, 34254, 34242, 285, 37085, 9503, 15, 38078, 1941, 2792, 281, 35625, 434, 6349, 347, 247, 37190, 390, 247, 46097, 273, 2067, 5044, 3470, 15, 3308, 13, 35625, 310, 247, 2201, 2803, 275, 3998, 2425, 13, 6551, 423, 21959, 3470, 13, 10177, 2425, 13, 37742, 13, 27665, 13, 285, 5615, 34604, 15, 496, 1859, 273, 436, 11541, 434, 6349, 13, 253, 6297, 10938, 697, 3275, 285, 253, 9130, 18611, 697, 3470, 452, 644, 9814, 15, 35625, 310, 247, 3558, 273, 247, 11541, 2021, 13, 1690, 15015, 824, 347, 7124, 5154, 13, 4279, 249, 13, 285, 3116, 14689, 20437, 14689, 15, 2053, 15015, 778, 452, 16323, 407, 22472, 35793, 9904, 342, 3320, 35793, 15, 380, 1966, 35625, 3320, 4428, 5093, 39700, 13, 1016, 9706, 247, 5799, 5164, 5028, 327, 253, 2601, 20379, 390, 253, 7959, 15, 35625, 3320, 16917, 403, 7194, 1119, 275, 8512, 390, 23586, 14, 4919, 1341, 15, 35625, 3320, 2048, 310, 13527, 407, 16069, 285, 35527, 6298, 326, 8162, 281, 697, 16743, 1453, 15, 35625, 45956, 697, 1159, 3066, 6437, 14, 11181, 2718, 13, 27149, 2625, 28942, 9130, 13, 1690, 35943, 15, 733, 476, 769, 347, 247, 34254, 34242, 13, 39650, 351, 11699, 13, 285, 247, 4279, 356, 462, 15, 1284, 247, 3116, 285, 16743, 19768, 13, 35625, 778, 452, 247, 9560, 1055, 347, 247, 16069, 5788, 2803, 15, 844, 3091, 4262, 432, 253, 3320, 281, 697, 2709, 3470, 15, 2948, 294, 187, 187, 4064, 4014, 6033, 1395, 13940, 1710, 8975, 535, 187, 1545, 1071, 64, 455, 64, 30172, 64, 15068, 9, 13880, 64, 7341, 2262, 187, 50274, 3113, 313, 13880, 64, 7341, 1227, 686, 32600, 14, 250, 3065, 16, 8780, 14, 14005, 15, 37520, 8539, 5758, 9, 27676, 5473, 17880, 14, 25, 3401, 347, 29439, 27, 187, 50270, 15068, 64, 30172, 426, 873, 9, 4251, 9, 1344, 15, 77, 25763, 13, 294, 15, 8606, 455, 9, 83, 46628, 551, 21, 889, 88, 23547, 1383, 29439, 15, 1088, 5715, 294, 15, 38299, 3077, 7570, 10689, 535, 50274, 8271, 8472, 9, 15068, 64, 30172, 10, 2239, 470, 187, 50274, 1542, 1416, 275, 14035, 9, 26839, 1710, 8975, 2262, 187, 50270, 9573, 426, 755, 9573, 9, 26839, 1710, 8975, 13, 1416, 10, 187, 50270, 338, 1067, 494, 9, 9573, 10, 285, 417, 1416, 15, 5478, 2140, 334, 2073, 64, 46976, 187, 50266, 8271, 1416, 275, 1246, 64, 30172, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 28935, 3550, 7645, 15, 17471, 3, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 20602, 16, 8124, 15, 73, 31, 187, 4, 3709, 654, 4658, 13473, 624, 16, 28935, 64, 5374, 15, 17471, 31, 187, 187, 4, 3709, 346, 4598, 6443, 605, 18833, 15, 17471, 3, 187, 187, 12361, 46007, 426, 5135, 13473, 624, 28, 187, 5302, 31048, 1450, 9571, 1450, 37748, 1450, 45447, 2765, 7104, 28, 187, 187, 45447, 2765, 7104, 1450, 45447, 2765, 7104, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 94, 187, 187, 45447, 2765, 7104, 1450, 95, 45447, 2765, 7104, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4353, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 36001, 6432, 398, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 8250, 1874, 187, 50274, 36001, 9, 17, 558, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4353, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 11241, 9, 8400, 1450, 11000, 29, 5792, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 31, 1030, 7, 21736, 10, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 605, 20004, 1711, 941, 187, 50274, 1542, 313, 15149, 352, 426, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 2043, 1874, 352, 3613, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 423, 1874, 10, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 15149, 269, 426, 6268, 1450, 8606, 64, 338, 9, 187, 50266, 365, 398, 15, 2043, 5715, 187, 50266, 365, 398, 15, 423, 5715, 187, 50266, 60, 262, 880, 5792, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1030, 7, 268, 10, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 2309, 268, 15, 532, 2295, 352, 1168, 532, 28, 187, 50266, 9897, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 71, 2295, 21736, 15, 423, 6649, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 262, 426, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 254, 511, 9, 262, 558, 187, 50266, 10990, 3848, 24894, 9, 8400, 1450, 19893, 9, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 2043, 5715, 352, 4027, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 7271, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 3424, 262, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 605, 5733, 390, 5731, 747, 941, 535, 50274, 1542, 313, 15149, 352, 426, 21736, 15, 2043, 1874, 352, 3613, 21736, 15, 423, 1874, 352, 9234, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 15149, 269, 426, 6268, 1450, 8606, 64, 338, 9, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 2043, 5715, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 423, 5715, 544, 262, 880, 5792, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 7, 268, 10, 551, 1091, 268, 15, 532, 2295, 352, 1168, 532, 28, 6824, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 71, 2295, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 423, 6649, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 11340, 64, 2135, 9672, 262, 558, 187, 50266, 10990, 2946, 1834, 1874, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50270, 7271, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 15149, 4181, 426, 6268, 1450, 19893, 9, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 2043, 5715, 269, 558, 187, 50266, 78, 64, 2203, 15, 255, 9, 19893, 10, 426, 475, 262, 28, 187, 50266, 10990, 17196, 9, 19893, 558, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 94, 187, 187, 10790, 540, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 3633, 13317, 6878, 1082, 1030, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 2309, 29085, 1450, 64, 9684, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 22358, 2776, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 3633, 13317, 2548, 9, 10790, 540, 847, 10, 1030, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 2309, 346, 2703, 3664, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4353, 48091, 2765, 7104, 1450, 3633, 3902, 3463, 10990, 9, 22358, 40734, 708, 15417, 13, 10698, 540, 4194, 13, 10698, 540, 847, 10, 1030, 187, 92, 187, 50274, 5792, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1030, 7, 14218, 426, 278, 64, 2203, 15, 255, 9, 736, 558, 535, 50274, 16065, 313, 2052, 10, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50274, 5045, 29085, 1450, 3123, 27, 187, 50270, 15417, 426, 14218, 15, 532, 15, 12025, 5023, 936, 64, 2703, 1874, 187, 50270, 7054, 28, 187, 50274, 5045, 29085, 1450, 8975, 27, 187, 50270, 15417, 426, 22365, 2776, 1450, 4509, 18441, 25, 9, 28935, 15, 8780, 558, 187, 50270, 7054, 28, 187, 50274, 5045, 29085, 1450, 17466, 27, 187, 50274, 92, 187, 50270, 8400, 1450, 2703, 4963, 12201, 28, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1450, 47606, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1450, 28213, 64, 348, 8163, 10, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 12790, 5291, 346, 69, 36417, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50266, 7271, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 12790, 5291, 346, 37, 36417, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1450, 28213, 64, 39619, 10, 187, 50270, 92, 187, 50266, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64, 5374, 1450, 348, 8163, 10, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 12790, 5291, 346, 86, 36417, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50266, 7271, 187, 50266, 92, 187, 50262, 12790, 5291, 346, 54, 36417, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 535, 50270, 338, 313, 28935, 15, 12790, 708, 46007, 1450, 28935, 64 ]

är det som håller på att hända? All mat renas I Bibeln får man äta all slags mat. Det finns inget förbud. Det är nog inget problem för klimatet heller vad för slags mat vi äter, utan det är nog andra problem. Förresten så renar kroppen all mat, vilket Jesus själv säger. Mark 7:18. Då sa han [Jesus] till dem: Är ni också så oförståndiga? Förstår ni inte att inget som utifrån kommer in i människan kan orena henne? 19. För det går inte in i hennes hjärta utan ner i magen, genom vilken all mat renas och har sin naturliga utgång. En sak är viktigt Dessutom står det också så här i Bibeln: Apg 15:28. För den Helige Ande och vi har beslutat att inte lägga på er någon ytterligare börda, förutom detta som är nödvändigt: 29. Att ni ska avhålla er från det som är offrat åt avgudarna, och från blod, och från kött av kvävda djur och från otukt. Om ni noga aktar er för detta, gör ni rätt. Farväl. Själv resonerar jag så här om vad som är nyttigt och onyttigt: Ät allt i lagom mängd så blir det nog inga problem. Vilken tröst detta ger oss. Vi behöver inte hålla på med massa lagar och kontroll för att bli frälsta. Bara en enda sak är viktigt och det är att man tar emot Jesus och blir frälst. Jag läste en gång om en läkare som drack två liter morotsjuice om dagen eftersom det skulle vara nyttigt. Han dog av skrumplever för att hans lever klarade inte av så mycket morotsjuice varje dag. Propaganda Det här med klimatet verka vara en undanflykt för att kontrollera människor. Vad är det för en agenda som egentligen ligger bakom? Är det för att till sist kunna sätta Antikrist på tronen? Du behöver inte vara rädd för vad du äter, och inte heller behöver du ha dåligt samvete. Ät och må bra. Gå inte på propagandan som kommer på olika sätt för att kunna styra och kontrollera ditt liv. Sådan propaganda blir mer och mer tydligt i den tid som vi nu lever i. Det är ett tidstecken. Det enda som är viktigast och betydelsefullt i ditt liv är att du tar emot Jesus Kristus och blir frälst! Rom 14:17. För Guds rike är inte mat och dryck, utan rättfärdighet och frid och glädje i den Helige Ande. Christer Åberg #Vegeterian #Adolf Hitler #Förskola #Västerbotten #Klimatet 24 kommentarer Sida 1 av 3 Sida 2 av 3 Sida 3 av 3 1 2 »3 VIP: molecular biology and neurobiological function. In the mammalian brain, a major regulatory peptide is vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). This 28 amino acid peptide, originally isolated from the porcine duodenum, was later found in the central and peripheral nervous systems and in endocrine cells, where it exhibits neurotransmitter and hormonal roles. Increasing evidence points to VIP's importance as a mediator or a modulator of several basic functions. Thus, VIP is a major factor in brain activity, neuroendocrine functions, cardiac activity, respiration, digestion, and sexual potency. In view of this peptide's importance, the mechanisms controlling its production and the pathways regulating its functions have been reviewed. VIP is a member of a peptide family, including peptides such as glucagon, secretin, and growth hormone releasing hormone. These peptides may have evolved by exon duplication coupled with gene duplication. The human VIP gene contains seven exons, each encoding a distinct functional domain on the protein precursor or the mRNA. VIP gene transcripts are mainly found in neurons or neuron-related cells. VIP gene expression is regulated by neuronal and endocrine signals that contribute to its developmental control. VIP exerts its function via receptor-mediated systems, activating signal transduction pathways, including cAMP. It can act as a neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, and a secretagog. As a growth and developmental regulator, VIP may have a crucial effect as a neuronal survival factor. We shall proceed from the gene to its multiple functions.import re from telethon import TelegramClient def test_all_methods_present(docs_dir): with (docs_dir / 'quick-references/client-reference.rst').open(encoding='utf-8') as fd: present_methods = set(map(str.lstrip, re.findall(r'^ {4}\w+$', fd.read(), re.MULTILINE))) assert len(present_methods) > 0 for name in dir(TelegramClient): attr = getattr(TelegramClient, name) if callable(attr) and not name.startswith('_'): assert name in present_methods #include "peerlistmodel.hpp" #include <fmt/format.h> #include <libtorrent/peer_info.hpp> #include "../../core//utils.hpp" namespace lt = libtorrent; using pt::UI::Models::PeerListModel; PeerListModel::PeerListModel() { } PeerListModel::~PeerListModel() { } void PeerListModel::ResetPeers() { m_data.clear(); Reset(0); } void PeerListModel::Update(std::vector<lt::peer_info> const& peers) { // Remove old data for (auto it = m_data.begin(); it != m_data.end();) { auto f = std::find_if( peers.begin(), peers.end(), [it](lt::peer_info const& p) { return p.ip == it->ip; }); if (f == peers.end()) { it = m_data.erase(it); RowDeleted(std::distance(m_data.begin(), it)); } else { ++it; } } // Add or update new data for (auto it = peers.begin(); it != peers.end(); it++) { auto f = std::find_if(m_data.begin(), m_data.end(), [it](lt::peer_info& p) { return p.ip == it->ip; }); if (f == m_data.end()) { m_data.push_back(*it); RowAppended(); } else { auto distance = std::distance(m_data.begin(), f); m_data.at(distance) = *it; RowChanged(distance); } } } unsigned int PeerListModel::GetColumnCount() const { return Column::_Max; } wxString PeerListModel::GetColumnType(unsigned int col) const { return "string"; } void PeerListModel::GetValueByRow(wxVariant &variant, unsigned int row, unsigned int col) const { lt::peer_info const& peer = m_data.at(row); switch (col) { case Column::IP: variant = peer.ip.address().to_string(); break; case Column::Client: variant = wxString::FromUTF8(peer.client); break; case Column::Flags: { std::stringstream flags; if (peer.flags & lt::peer_info::interesting) { if (peer.flags & lt::peer_info::remote_choked) { flags << "d "; } else { flags << "D "; } } if (peer.flags & lt::peer_info::remote_interested) { if (peer.flags & lt::peer_info::choked) { flags << "u "; } else { flags << "U "; } } if (peer.flags & lt::peer_

[ 13, 533, 4555, 665, 703, 3589, 457, 85, 2119, 15, 380, 7060, 285, 24683, 28713, 5675, 598, 275, 253, 8438, 22211, 3684, 778, 417, 452, 18998, 752, 253, 2852, 2918, 275, 4657, 323, 617, 28, 778, 417, 452, 18998, 326, 581, 1388, 703, 651, 320, 1375, 6423, 273, 253, 10566, 42263, 15, 187, 187, 688, 48730, 27920, 24161, 8438, 22211, 27, 418, 21362, 378, 15, 5219, 285, 253, 10566, 42263, 13, 24810, 14, 35364, 407, 7612, 1282, 31235, 250, 33888, 253, 1495, 273, 436, 5079, 3570, 16928, 13, 5068, 342, 617, 4201, 275, 3599, 6972, 13, 6112, 13, 275, 24810, 13, 617, 7875, 281, 14296, 32427, 285, 22531, 44402, 5219, 285, 617, 31313, 432, 28340, 34891, 9182, 6822, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 7216, 13, 3978, 374, 13, 387, 818, 27, 1229, 268, 15, 78, 904, 6112, 13626, 588, 1246, 271, 3909, 5955, 342, 31235, 250, 13, 4933, 10668, 253, 4839, 281, 3037, 625, 670, 436, 8857, 273, 776, 1375, 457, 84, 2892, 15, 1916, 10078, 13, 564, 281, 30557, 284, 454, 7109, 284, 15, 7109, 4938, 1768, 15, 2061, 16, 3305, 14, 34583, 15, 187, 187, 45, 21362, 5219, 457, 84, 23490, 281, 7895, 3570, 323, 8118, 2448, 7815, 2908, 8672, 285, 13423, 13, 5299, 13, 4730, 13, 2675, 285, 5054, 23809, 13, 285, 8645, 13919, 15, 2732, 9417, 347, 6423, 273, 10566, 42263, 457, 84, 8920, 12265, 285, 5909, 23168, 1475, 253, 1375, 13, 5219, 3395, 4007, 273, 253, 14296, 8857, 275, 22745, 285, 1375, 6423, 273, 253, 10566, 42263, 275, 24344, 15, 380, 2129, 1078, 617, 2471, 275, 23305, 13, 253, 3872, 10566, 42263, 4232, 253, 418, 21362, 5219, 20574, 10980, 275, 617, 10390, 15, 187, 187, 7673, 11985, 403, 3551, 598, 1996, 436, 807, 323, 253, 6112, 13626, 7225, 9585, 15, 3856, 403, 690, 273, 253, 2987, 326, 588, 320, 12819, 27, 36179, 10168, 327, 253, 330, 4046, 6572, 3683, 13, 16168, 407, 31336, 416, 15, 12962, 5462, 28, 285, 1023, 255, 273, 13958, 27, 380, 19096, 1595, 1070, 28919, 273, 16916, 13, 36179, 407, 30274, 34877, 15, 187, 187, 510, 4247, 4059, 5955, 7106, 327, 3968, 434, 3660, 27, 308, 21489, 670, 253, 10109, 3660, 285, 444, 1342, 26919, 318, 327, 7160, 7783, 394, 7359, 1564, 3927, 13, 16168, 407, 12824, 418, 15, 329, 13356, 15, 2064, 2086, 369, 1160, 1896, 275, 629, 342, 247, 4098, 432, 8801, 1005, 6112, 13, 253, 1375, 26582, 273, 253, 3313, 8072, 319, 420, 323, 253, 8801, 1005, 15, 187, 187, 510, 6112, 13626, 15650, 7225, 9585, 369, 4447, 407, 49065, 665, 971, 625, 9091, 281, 3037, 285, 2319, 776, 6096, 2892, 15, 380, 1984, 5453, 16382, 3909, 4768, 253, 807, 285, 4245, 10668, 247, 4839, 281, 2319, 12989, 342, 4879, 10071, 15, 187, 187, 42546, 12989, 452, 2908, 15636, 7359, 35122, 13, 253, 2554, 273, 6112, 275, 253, 10109, 3660, 285, 253, 27598, 1457, 4693, 13, 6112, 13, 2143, 18864, 15, 14422, 18435, 187, 187, 1552, 310, 9037, 1852, 31774, 13, 285, 619, 12958, 3063, 403, 10471, 17918, 5495, 38300, 285, 7670, 23860, 29091, 15, 187, 187, 10342, 1524, 8304, 12946, 13, 4266, 2908, 13, 403, 8106, 273, 13654, 327, 253, 3477, 7622, 347, 352, 3249, 281, 1421, 5978, 285, 45587, 15, 7532, 7274, 281, 9137, 824, 347, 1480, 8888, 403, 9338, 285, 973, 13, 533, 417, 9591, 347, 973, 347, 597, 908, 281, 15, 187, 187, 45484, 5495, 285, 7670, 403, 629, 273, 752, 309, 457, 620, 1067, 253, 747, 8685, 273, 12946, 326, 403, 7378, 281, 6947, 625, 673, 327, 37676, 941, 13, 1663, 4685, 253, 40155, 273, 616, 2791, 13, 285, 9142, 13, 8871, 598, 253, 4481, 281, 3057, 2442, 34864, 275, 247, 20260, 4632, 15, 35694, 2746, 15, 187, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 816, 2970, 3053, 275, 23415, 285, 452, 247, 3710, 7563, 13, 436, 310, 1175, 3668, 323, 368, 15, 1310, 368, 457, 250, 247, 18425, 25820, 326, 457, 84, 644, 7378, 281, 6947, 1943, 2583, 327, 1421, 5978, 13, 436, 310, 671, 1175, 323, 368, 2866, 284, 368, 452, 253, 5300, 281, 755, 436, 2218, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 403, 8783, 273, 1270, 295, 814, 18145, 6096, 3063, 327, 253, 921, 2866, 2369, 2647, 835, 368, 457, 250, 387, 275, 634, 1524, 8304, 23415, 5249, 2866, 5658, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 3037, 690, 6422, 12192, 15, 187, 187, 1466, 457, 84, 755, 3053, 15, 7764, 1361, 479, 10112, 17918, 5495, 285, 7670, 281, 253, 921, 15, 187, 187, 12412, 22850, 273, 436, 921, 187, 187, 46785, 17918, 5495, 38300, 285, 7670, 23860, 29091, 13, 11401, 641, 275, 253, 16146, 2791, 15, 187, 187, 36599, 253, 1612, 273, 13654, 327, 941, 281, 4446, 634, 1421, 5978, 4712, 323, 17194, 34864, 13, 4632, 15, 2280, 9137, 7274, 15, 187, 187, 22196, 776, 7827, 670, 253, 6349, 273, 8958, 634, 2791, 13, 35900, 3374, 13, 285, 13554, 387, 253, 23367, 2127, 1268, 1805, 685, 3780, 2010, 15, 187, 187, 36599, 670, 253, 6349, 273, 2970, 9848, 342, 970, 253, 4481, 347, 634, 1852, 18, 4968, 342, 34864, 15, 187, 187, 22804, 285, 39073, 432, 436, 921, 27, 187, 187, 19577, 281, 253, 26319, 11099, 273, 436, 33590, 187, 187, 6623, 532, 47, 15182, 10684, 38654, 27, 187, 187, 26946, 27, 831, 310, 253, 2884, 532, 47, 15182, 15, 681, 40900, 10417, 22301, 11401, 272, 10684, 13, 253, 921, 323, 1524, 8304, 12946, 13, 1880, 368, 457, 250, 247, 18425, 390, 7138, 747, 15, 309, 457, 78, 634, 3167, 13, 10035, 31405, 918, 13, 285, 1016, 2129, 13, 309, 3324, 368, 247, 747, 6485, 12141, 326, 588, 3894, 616, 3640, 285, 15880, 342, 368, 15, 1310, 368, 457, 250, 9049, 670, 1524, 8304, 23415, 13, 2868, 275, 3367, 8294, 285, 3192, 1453, 273, 634, 1495, 285, 4832, 31776, 13, 368, 457, 250, 275, 253, 987, 1659, 15, 187, 1552, 310, 9037, 1180, 40657, 13, 285, 619, 12958, 3063, 403, 10471, 17918, 5495, 38300, 285, 7670, 23860, 29091, 15, 5595, 1524, 8304, 12946, 13, 4266, 2908, 13, 403, 8106, 273, 13654, 327, 253, 3477, 7622, 347, 352, 3249, 281, 1421, 5978, 285, 45587, 15, 7532, 7274, 281, 9137, 13, 824, 347, 1480, 8888, 13, 403, 9338, 285, 973, 13, 533, 597, 457, 250, 816, 417, 9591, 347, 973, 347, 597, 908, 281, 15, 187, 45484, 5495, 285, 7670, 403, 247, 629, 273, 752, 309, 457, 620, 1067, 253, 747, 8685, 273, 12946, 326, 403, 7378, 281, 6947, 625, 673, 327, 37676, 941, 13, 1663, 4685, 253, 40155, 273, 616, 2791, 13, 285, 9142, 7378, 281, 2619, 598, 253, 4481, 285, 3057, 2442, 34864, 275, 247, 20260, 7147, 247, 35694, 2746, 15, 187, 2042, 368, 457, 250, 816, 2970, 3053, 275, 23415, 285, 452, 247, 3710, 7563, 13, 436, 310, 1175, 3668, 323, 368, 15, 3954, 604, 368, 457, 250, 247, 18425, 25820, 326, 457, 84, 644, 7378, 281, 6947, 1943, 2583, 327, 1421, 5978, 13, 436, 310, 671, 1175, 323, 368, 347, 368, 452, 253, 5300, 281, 755, 436, 2218, 12401, 3780, 2010, 15, 1707, 403, 247, 2257, 273, 1270, 295, 814, 18145, 6096, 275, 3063, 457, 84, 921, 15, 309, 1053, 457, 85, 971, 281, 20016, 253, 24511, 1060, 15, 1621, 2647, 835, 368, 457, 250, 387, 275, 634, 1524, 8304, 23415, 5249, 13, 368, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 3037, 690, 1077, 6422, 12192, 285, 690, 4217, 1491, 326, 368, 476, 1691, 275, 1659, 987, 1024, 281, 1361, 1973, 634, 2136, 15, 1281, 457, 84, 564, 6386, 285, 755, 3053, 15, 7764, 1361, 479, 10112, 17918, 5495, 285, 7670, 281, 253, 921, 15, 187, 8262, 13, 6068, 15, 28980, 281, 253, 921, 15, 187, 45484, 5495, 27, 8398, 368, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 8398, 368, 13, 10035, 15, 11239, 368, 323, 1907, 441, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 6506, 13, 9049, 281, 452, 368, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 1147, 457, 84, 247, 11284, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 6506, 13, 9049, 281, 452, 368, 6068, 327, 3063, 15, 1244, 20509, 352, 457, 84, 9648, 7520, 15, 844, 457, 306, 574, 352, 1078, 15, 844, 574, 767, 952, 327, 387, 2378, 13, 533, 368, 6068, 403, 751, 13189, 15, 1422, 457, 250, 12331, 387, 253, 13290, 285, 10279, 10950, 689, 627, 13, 594, 309, 457, 78, 1663, 9049, 281, 452, 368, 327, 15, 309, 457, 78, 1663, 9049, 281, 2312, 3063, 670, 13, 368, 871, 13, 359, 497, 5015, 670, 436, 6386, 273, 673, 323, 12633, 326, 403, 11298, 987, 1024, 310, 13, 285, 309, 457, 78, 8106, 273, 436, 1512, 15, 1284, 247, 1524, 8304, 25820, 323, 253, 2469, 884, 13, 1903, 1107, 13, 309, 457, 306, 2238, 273, 2218, 752, 954, 12946, 513, 13, 285, 326, 457, 84, 2238, 273, 253, 35694, 2746, 13, 751, 347, 309, 1756, 309, 816, 3630, 247, 8750, 285, 8750, 2451, 285, 5007, 562, 625, 285, 625, 1480, 8888, 390, 1611, 281, 513, 1841, 275, 247, 2280, 1039, 326, 310, 3477, 323, 479, 281, 7450, 247, 6409, 432, 3212, 247, 4382, 285, 417, 2238, 273, 755, 8166, 7106, 15, 187, 1989, 13, 368, 871, 13, 247, 2257, 273, 1110, 1841, 326, 359, 457, 306, 2218, 689, 253, 1107, 816, 6403, 457, 85, 2444, 347, 973, 347, 597, 908, 281, 13, 285, 952, 326, 403, 2509, 1663, 973, 987, 1024, 13, 751, 368, 6068, 13, 309, 1119, 403, 3192, 247, 1077, 2238, 273, 12082, 285, 625, 273, 247, 20260, 2746, 7147, 247, 35694, 2746, 15, 1893, 309, 1053, 457, 85, 971, 281, 20016, 512, 273, 634, 24511, 13, 533, 326, 457, 84, 2238, 273, 253, 26536, 273, 752, 359, 457, 250, 1469, 281, 2312, 670, 3063, 15, 1893, 969, 13, 9049, 281, 452, 368, 6068, 1060, 15, 18793, 13, 1078, 359, 755, 3053, 13, 2139, 1053, 457, 85, 368, 6068, 2028, 441, 247, 1652, 2372, 670, 634, 4114, 285, 2238, 273, 849, 368, 1694, 3053, 275, 1524, 8304, 23415, 15, 187, 45484, 5495, 27, 309, 1599, 13, 776, 4114, 835, 13, 359, 457, 306, 644, 3858, 323, 670, 1384, 1107, 15, 28810, 285, 5439, 275, 3684, 3968, 275, 22755, 15, 1244, 359, 1097, 4395, 281, 16146, 13, 752, 369, 352, 32, 309, 4395, 1060, 884, 1107, 3622, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 1244, 309, 4395, 2800, 1107, 3622, 13, 10902, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 19619, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 3932, 309, 369, 275, 6831, 309, 3053, 690, 9341, 275, 22755, 13, 690, 3909, 14, 4919, 9341, 13, 285, 672, 309, 4395, 715, 253, 530, 15, 52, 904, 309, 369, 2819, 281, 513, 1633, 13359, 15, 1244, 840, 846, 247, 1643, 1107, 1469, 896, 285, 6593, 13, 309, 4720, 13762, 17918, 5495, 15, 187, 45484, 5495, 27, 754, 22944, 479, 281, 247, 1524, 8304, 23415, 5453, 1060, 275, 19896, 472, 15, 2064, 457, 84, 849, 352, 512, 3053, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 33469, 281, 247, 1524, 8304, 5453, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 11739, 15, 844, 1239, 253, 773, 17389, 16522, 28897, 16522, 1806, 285, 597, 497, 29570, 253, 3872, 5689, 5236, 5864, 15, 1244, 840, 359, 3053, 2819, 323, 581, 10151, 13, 285, 359, 7402, 598, 1469, 281, 581, 285, 309, 13762, 17918, 5495, 13, 773, 1466, 457, 84, 564, 13, 4496, 4517, 479, 15, 831, 581, 310, 1469, 281, 320, 1175, 15, 1281, 457, 84, 564, 15, 1281, 457, 84, 564, 1425, 1244, 359, 2427, 281, 352, 285, 359, 4425, 281, 564, 512, 275, 15, 187, 26946, 27, 2064, 457, 84, 1270, 15, 1422, 871, 752, 457, 84, 11755, 13, 327, 253, 921, 751, 12832, 13, 3164, 247, 2626, 273, 253, 2722, 309, 457, 306, 2455, 574, 3798, 1333, 13, 368, 871, 13, 773, 5872, 309, 1239, 2802, 17389, 16522, 28897, 16522, 8, 668, 390, 773, 5872, 309, 2427, 281, 247, 1524, 8304, 5453, 1806, 285, 594, 352, 457, 84, 2238, 273, 247, 502, 469, 860, 387, 436, 1127, 13, 533, 326, 457, 84, 849, 954, 952, 964, 964, 964, 10916, 27459, 13, 309, 369, 253, 1072, 1039, 15, 309, 2427, 281, 247, 1524, 8304, 13, 247, 1980, 1524, 8304, 5453, 285, 13, 368, 871, 13, 309, 1904, 457, 85, 3037, 247, 2644, 2257, 627, 13, 533, 326, 369, 253, 16803, 326, 1694, 479, 6110, 285, 2238, 273, 32464, 15, 187, 27035, 27, 1621, 13, 352, 369, 8839, 253, 1072, 323, 441, 15, 4683, 2282, 13, 359, 6311, 432, 731, 13, 359, 4802, 342, 247, 2257, 273, 952, 13, 533, 359, 1904, 457, 85, 1379, 253, 9022, 4263, 2086, 627, 390, 2712, 15 ]

, but exactly who she wasn’t sure. The smart and ambitious teenager growing up in the Jim Crow South may not have imagined what the future held in store for her; may not have imagined that one day she would be state director of the NAACP. In Struggle Against Jim Crow: Lulu B. White and the NAACP, 1900-1957 by Merline Pitre examines the life of this civil rights champion, beginning with her birth in Elmo, Texas, in 1900, her marriage to Houston businessman and activist Julius White and her graduation from Prairie View College. On Monday, June 2, at 7:30 p.m., Texas PBS will present an online discussion with Pitre, giving readers the chance to learn more about this chapter of our state’s history. To participate, go to texasourtexas.texaspbs.org/book-club. Lulu White’s struggles to secure rights for African American citizens included politics and voting, labor, education, social and economic reforms, and gender equality. After serving as director of NAACP’s youth council and opening chapters around the state, White became president of the Houston chapter in 1939 and state director of the NAACP in 1949. The week before her death in 1957, the national NAACP established the Lulu White Freedom Fund in her honor. More discussions are coming up later this year for the Texas PBS Book Club. Here are some of the works that will be featured:Texas Women on the Cattle Trails, edited by Sara R. Massey; and Seat of Empire: The Embattled Birth of Austin,Texas by Jeffrey Kerr. The January 2014 discussion focused on America's War: Talking about the Civil War and Emancipation on Their 150th Anniversaries, edited by Edward L. Ayers. That program was made possible in part with a grant from Humanities Texas, the state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. The Texas PBS Online Book Club was formed by Texans who want more opportunities to learn and discuss our shared history. The book club meets online throughout the year and gives readers a chance to discuss topics with noted experts. Past topics have included Governor Ann Richards, the role of Texas in the Civil War and the 1937 New London, Texas, school explosion.Show Summary This is episode #441, and my guests today are partners Felipe Boss and Jesus Toledo. Most real estate investors, myself included, are guilty of focusing on the easy route as it comes to lead generation and acquisitions. Mass approaches to marketing such as direct mail are alive and well, but not performing as well as they used to. Felipe and Jesus are part of what I’ll call the new era of investors that are willing to spend more time on researching data, really understanding the specifics of their market, and ultimately, picking up the phone to contact potential sellers in a rifle vs. shotgun approach. If you’re just getting started in investing and have a limited budget, this is good news for you. If you’re a veteran investor that’s been willing to spend big money on lead generation, this is also good for you…as you have the resources to get this done. There are lots of great nuggets shared today on the show…no matter where you’re at in your real estate investing career…you’re going to learn some powerful tips. Let’s get started. Please help me welcome Felipe and Jesus to the show. Highlights of this show Meet Felipe Boss and Jesus Toledo, Investors in the Miami market. Learn the power of focusing on data to drive your lead generation activities for motivated sellers, vs. mass marketing approaches. Join our conversation about the importance of knowing your market, zoning issues, and trends at the zip code level better than anyone else. Learn about the importance of getting comfortable with using the phone as your #1 tool with sellers. Resources and Links from this show: Listen to the Audio Version of this Episode FlipNerd Show Transcript: Mike: This is the FlipNerd.com Expert Real Estate Investing Show, the show for real estate investors, whether you’re a veteran or brand new. I’m your host, Mike Hambright, and each week, I bring you a new expert guest that will share their knowledge and lessons with you. If you’re excited about real estate investing, believe in personal responsibility and taking control of your life and financial destiny, you’re in the right place. This is episode number 441, and my guests today are partners Felipe Boss and Jesus Toledo. Most real estate investors, myself included, are guilty of focusing on the easy route as it comes to lead generation and acquisitions. Mass approaches to marketing, such as direct mail, are alive and well, but they’re just not performing as well as they used to. Felipe and Jesus are a part of what I’ll call the new era of investors that are willing to spend more time on researching data, really understanding the specifics of their market, and ultimately willing to pick up the phone and contact potential sellers in a rifle versus a shotgun approach. If you’re just getting started in investing and have a limited budget, this is good news for you. Now if you’re a veteran investor that’s been willing to spend big money on lead generation, this is also good for you as you have the resources to get this done unlike anyone else. There are a lot of great nuggets shared in today’s show. I don’t want to steal the thunder here. No matter where you’re at in your real estate investing career, you’re going to learn some very powerful tips and some useful information that you can put in place right now to help build your business. Let’s go ahead and get started. Please help me welcome Felipe and Jesus to the show. Hey, guys. Welcome to the show. Felipe:Thank you. Jesus:Thank you, Mike. Thank you for having us. Mike:Yeah, excited to have you. Jesus:It’s a pleasure. Mike:Yeah, excited to have you guys on today. And honestly it’s fairly rare. We’ve had it before. We had two people on at once, but you guys are like brothers. You’re tied at the hip and mad scientists over there, so I’m really excited to have you on. I’m really excited to talk today about, you know, we were talking about this ahead of time for folks that are listening right now is, and I’m guilty of this too. As a real estate investor for the past 10, 11 years, I’ve kind of done what most investors do, and that’s kind of the shotgun approach, like as I grow I just write a bigger and bigger check and send out more and more direct mail or try to do things in a mass way that is easy for me to push a button from behind a computer and not kind of get laser focused. But, you know, a lot of those things that we’ve done over the years just aren’t working as well as they used to, and people that are doing really well right now, like you guys, I found are taking a very kind of systematic and more of a rifle approach versus a shotgun approach. So I don’t want to steal all of your thunder, but that’s kind of the premise of what we’re going to talk about today. So again, excited to have you guys here. Hey, before we get started, why don’t you guys tell us a little bit about your background and kind of how you got started in real estate investing. Felipe: I mean, our background where, we’ve been friends for about 20 years. Born and raised in South America in Chile. And we both moved to Miami, what was it? I moved here 10 years ago. Jesus: And I moved six years ago, yeah. Mike: Okay. Jesus: Since I was in college I started some businesses in Chile, some online-related businesses, and when I moved into the U.S., I was looking to do something differently. And then after a few years going back and forth, I finally convinced Felipe. Felipe: He dragged me to a real estate investing club here in Broward. That’s how it all started. Mike: Going to a real estate club. Jesus: Yeah. We read the “Rich Dad Poor Dad,” and they were mentioning the national REIA association. And then we started looking for one nearby, and we ended up going to one and I convinced Felipe, “Let’s go, please trust me. This one is going to be good. Let’s go. Let’s go.” And we went to it and we decided to go all in. Mike: That’s great. You know what’s funny, on the show like literally, probably a third of the shows I’ve ever had usually say, you know, “Then I read ‘Rich Dad Poor Dad'” or “Then I went to a real estate club,” and so it’s kind of a cliché at this point, but that’s how most people . . . Honestly, I was the same way. I went to a real estate, a local real estate club and, you know, I didn’t learn a whole lot there, but that was the catalyst that got me interested and kind of hooked. Jesus: No, it was absolutely the same for us. Of course, we learned from them, we connected with a lot of people, but we didn’t take the mentoring program there or anything.

[ 5748, 3603, 15, 329, 42995, 1708, 5149, 273, 3638, 3408, 310, 4272, 715, 767, 5149, 6342, 84, 326, 403, 6828, 2112, 4858, 5748, 11865, 13, 10775, 13, 247, 1071, 1854, 285, 247, 3806, 1854, 15, 380, 1071, 1854, 3797, 253, 5748, 2553, 1146, 5762, 13, 285, 253, 3806, 1854, 3797, 247, 1929, 3806, 2553, 15, 2732, 18964, 432, 1071, 285, 3806, 9421, 13, 253, 767, 5149, 6342, 84, 403, 21084, 967, 9046, 271, 16165, 12935, 15, 401, 20683, 6127, 273, 253, 16165, 12935, 403, 12814, 281, 4044, 5593, 273, 253, 2553, 48865, 273, 253, 1071, 2553, 15, 187, 34, 5020, 273, 12320, 5748, 9421, 403, 19474, 13288, 15, 380, 1929, 16165, 7480, 5609, 403, 3340, 973, 18960, 281, 2557, 40886, 19474, 9421, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 1127, 1708, 2603, 778, 320, 4441, 275, 253, 1071, 1854, 387, 253, 4055, 273, 16841, 273, 253, 40886, 1071, 2553, 15, 1916, 253, 6070, 326, 253, 1071, 2553, 310, 7777, 19474, 13, 253, 1708, 1607, 272, 265, 387, 2622, 9364, 281, 253, 1071, 2553, 285, 310, 13767, 709, 2231, 2112, 697, 3236, 1854, 896, 281, 253, 1708, 2603, 15, 6101, 11254, 273, 253, 11392, 1708, 432, 697, 3236, 1854, 11330, 39411, 46598, 275, 271, 11689, 3102, 342, 247, 3806, 5149, 6342, 24838, 273, 247, 16018, 432, 653, 379, 5755, 15, 187, 6436, 13, 352, 310, 1199, 625, 2834, 281, 897, 16165, 7480, 5609, 281, 2557, 1781, 17133, 19474, 9421, 15, 14117, 5748, 3603, 403, 908, 281, 26276, 271, 2460, 273, 253, 1127, 2603, 281, 253, 4055, 273, 16841, 273, 17133, 9421, 15, 380, 1127, 2603, 2460, 310, 774, 19416, 407, 22881, 326, 1364, 320, 1160, 1781, 2217, 281, 4711, 247, 5975, 3390, 1708, 8325, 1907, 16888, 23154, 387, 2622, 9364, 281, 253, 29615, 273, 253, 17133, 2553, 15, 2053, 22881, 403, 8214, 285, 2834, 281, 1056, 281, 2424, 7200, 15, 496, 958, 13, 352, 4916, 45783, 281, 6833, 5748, 3603, 342, 4209, 7200, 323, 10499, 2176, 1781, 23700, 17133, 9421, 342, 253, 1929, 16165, 7480, 5609, 15, 20007, 14, 2910, 3508, 990, 20388, 27, 271, 3576, 14471, 5199, 846, 18464, 6041, 6769, 20388, 15, 187, 34, 1534, 7155, 273, 6769, 5829, 412, 447, 3464, 18464, 984, 273, 247, 4433, 281, 540, 538, 366, 253, 7318, 886, 360, 15, 2896, 4021, 14, 2910, 3508, 990, 20388, 313, 8904, 38, 582, 8927, 3715, 323, 3676, 4901, 20388, 13, 271, 5010, 18464, 8368, 273, 253, 6769, 1537, 320, 6312, 15, 844, 6760, 253, 2323, 2281, 273, 7318, 45808, 540, 30987, 13, 253, 4606, 323, 697, 4433, 285, 253, 9282, 9099, 273, 970, 399, 8998, 846, 18464, 6041, 6769, 20388, 15, 844, 1304, 776, 2014, 14, 1154, 250, 2793, 273, 970, 399, 8998, 281, 3426, 271, 5010, 18464, 6769, 20388, 15, 329, 2264, 273, 11601, 12640, 1363, 13, 5329, 5086, 285, 10447, 5343, 13, 342, 247, 1599, 2363, 273, 6705, 15, 25, 1107, 13, 665, 574, 29518, 12472, 7259, 13, 497, 6760, 39599, 407, 247, 2278, 273, 616, 3739, 5861, 15, 380, 2022, 5997, 323, 4242, 7318, 45808, 540, 30987, 970, 247, 6041, 6769, 31269, 497, 6287, 4702, 275, 5571, 1363, 313, 3832, 15, 21, 2673, 285, 271, 21134, 2897, 2907, 9788, 78, 1238, 275, 5922, 313, 1619, 15, 26, 10970, 6047, 45808, 540, 30987, 407, 399, 8998, 369, 5547, 275, 8437, 1363, 313, 2055, 15, 23, 10970, 380, 2281, 273, 4433, 369, 417, 2330, 342, 253, 2847, 273, 4433, 273, 253, 2045, 6769, 20388, 15, 496, 7288, 1363, 313, 2385, 15, 19, 2673, 247, 4623, 747, 6120, 369, 1160, 275, 253, 3786, 49187, 629, 273, 253, 6769, 27, 12382, 313, 79, 30, 21, 28, 495, 15, 22, 9498, 581, 390, 625, 12067, 4921, 313, 79, 30, 2385, 28, 5976, 15, 18, 2673, 285, 7318, 45808, 6507, 4373, 32502, 3488, 793, 313, 79, 30, 21, 28, 495, 15, 22, 10970, 8072, 15297, 3488, 808, 4182, 369, 2684, 275, 8319, 1363, 313, 2031, 15, 24, 34649, 767, 10552, 5866, 13, 1097, 1146, 11134, 1501, 18372, 808, 4182, 43662, 723, 15, 496, 5093, 1363, 313, 23, 15, 18, 2673, 247, 6774, 9205, 19187, 369, 2684, 15, 48740, 20388, 407, 399, 8998, 369, 4217, 275, 954, 1363, 275, 5207, 6041, 6769, 20388, 369, 18464, 13, 30472, 273, 253, 2847, 273, 253, 4433, 15, 496, 4829, 2716, 253, 1363, 13, 247, 4623, 747, 6120, 369, 1160, 342, 9282, 9099, 15, 31870, 38856, 329, 868, 13, 390, 8153, 1909, 13, 273, 2282, 13, 452, 1048, 644, 271, 37238, 275, 11072, 10562, 13, 285, 4716, 21239, 1342, 19943, 326, 23888, 1205, 1981, 434, 309, 3859, 3249, 1475, 347, 247, 906, 273, 346, 783, 18395, 273, 253, 46423, 3740, 449, 1244, 342, 23888, 1205, 1981, 1907, 1048, 9425, 3606, 253, 298, 3800, 3740, 342, 616, 39230, 37629, 418, 3800, 25410, 13, 253, 2118, 3133, 751, 247, 3626, 10005, 15, 49, 882, 1520, 1840, 27, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 275, 6086, 11960, 3903, 460, 434, 34197, 13, 19949, 15, 399, 8, 33818, 45416, 369, 42445, 407, 17139, 347, 346, 783, 25038, 34197, 3, 323, 521, 7914, 273, 436, 31751, 47543, 15, 496, 521, 39074, 3756, 13, 309, 12349, 247, 5682, 1209, 13, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 12013, 326, 344, 3047, 521, 1211, 9455, 11392, 275, 436, 11118, 2554, 13, 2529, 407, 697, 36872, 25895, 347, 35668, 849, 346, 66, 4956, 13, 18093, 3163, 8920, 33772, 49578, 949, 1445, 449, 313, 25414, 2047, 407, 2516, 19307, 261, 2698, 187, 187, 49, 882, 1520, 1669, 27, 20690, 2216, 323, 754, 46615, 3189, 35193, 6975, 399, 1377, 249, 1383, 247, 11299, 11417, 11240, 14, 23166, 18802, 670, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 407, 4825, 587, 1780, 69, 311, 2610, 15, 380, 18802, 3797, 20541, 273, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 9551, 2143, 13863, 949, 253, 3313, 30866, 6516, 13, 534, 344, 11420, 281, 3324, 11012, 285, 14635, 4730, 281, 1345, 6629, 15, 187, 187, 26106, 10999, 277, 457, 33818, 45416, 556, 2014, 14, 4608, 15376, 2218, 1199, 281, 3862, 257, 24540, 323, 47543, 275, 3968, 15, 1284, 247, 8624, 42411, 342, 1457, 2816, 3228, 11960, 1059, 344, 34994, 44720, 407, 6153, 247, 42212, 13, 512, 14, 7878, 2460, 323, 47543, 13, 285, 1580, 42200, 432, 253, 3924, 344, 556, 3982, 11012, 4730, 281, 23499, 1345, 2143, 2151, 15, 28810, 10092, 36063, 329, 248, 1596, 327, 4163, 3349, 13, 28507, 275, 47131, 3964, 13, 7532, 12903, 1178, 1641, 13, 344, 8899, 598, 275, 5041, 34841, 13, 1457, 2816, 3228, 13, 285, 5966, 253, 4726, 273, 2448, 11960, 1059, 387, 253, 2363, 273, 4314, 15, 2058, 816, 15342, 344, 7416, 1457, 2816, 3228, 11960, 1059, 13, 7552, 581, 273, 253, 806, 39576, 281, 16125, 432, 253, 2143, 715, 253, 2567, 15, 6086, 11960, 3903, 460, 3562, 247, 4618, 5235, 273, 9503, 323, 779, 13, 285, 344, 369, 3340, 19651, 323, 521, 7914, 273, 11960, 3903, 460, 457, 84, 31751, 47543, 34197, 15, 754, 369, 1929, 323, 521, 385, 22651, 593, 13, 24122, 1204, 13, 18024, 7832, 272, 13, 285, 327, 14, 13311, 3371, 466, 14, 615, 14, 40418, 250, 13, 18701, 326, 497, 671, 327, 1859, 275, 6590, 751, 20400, 2652, 1487, 323, 20400, 24916, 313, 39511, 481, 496, 14828, 13, 277, 457, 33818, 45416, 11420, 253, 3313, 30866, 6516, 13, 534, 10316, 14635, 4730, 285, 24540, 715, 1345, 6629, 15, 3032, 789, 342, 253, 6516, 556, 2668, 779, 1475, 253, 1533, 13, 285, 344, 556, 671, 15127, 11012, 949, 6590, 13, 7315, 5659, 13, 285, 5098, 15, 754, 556, 644, 7561, 7478, 285, 28173, 323, 1097, 521, 21518, 31925, 285, 521, 30122, 789, 15, 8280, 15, 25736, 69, 593, 15, 2061, 187, 187, 49, 882, 1520, 1669, 27, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 275, 11960, 1059, 3035, 20285, 13, 247, 2086, 10932, 407, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 275, 253, 10333, 84, 326, 3559, 509, 300, 569, 273, 47543, 32491, 84, 342, 247, 36467, 2567, 1690, 7715, 10310, 14922, 39576, 15, 399, 8, 33818, 45416, 556, 1048, 644, 7730, 281, 16122, 253, 8446, 323, 47543, 15, 313, 20339, 4033, 21608, 30866, 5489, 17078, 13, 380, 1457, 12840, 11397, 13, 8068, 2698, 187, 187, 49, 882, 1520, 987, 27, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 275, 6086, 11960, 3903, 460, 434, 25196, 285, 34982, 265, 15, 6618, 281, 322, 528, 66, 2304, 2706, 13, 436, 47543, 10848, 253, 3290, 273, 512, 14, 7878, 385, 22651, 593, 285, 24122, 1204, 326, 11960, 3903, 460, 1119, 275, 521, 8671, 2586, 285, 275, 36063, 277, 8, 33818, 45416, 13, 665, 3395, 253, 36872, 25895, 434, 3861, 16266, 860, 846, 14167, 1457, 2816, 3228, 11960, 1059, 387, 253, 2363, 273, 1458, 15, 313, 25414, 2047, 407, 443, 29983, 353, 3093, 2698, 42, 5324, 452, 20114, 1777, 274, 11436, 8757, 285, 6039, 587, 10929, 7876, 670, 616, 747, 15589, 437, 1771, 1386, 323, 7406, 48452, 770, 251, 13, 253, 4572, 9172, 1142, 273, 253, 3533, 952, 452, 644, 7004, 13, 849, 253, 2199, 2210, 670, 13, 752, 11797, 253, 1416, 13, 285, 1199, 1199, 625, 15, 3122, 187, 475, 8283, 6752, 14, 9638, 253, 3236, 2488, 390, 4477, 15, 187, 475, 187, 475, 21737, 762, 253, 14325, 4637, 13, 11099, 374, 15, 17, 313, 783, 346, 17736, 3287, 187, 475, 368, 778, 417, 897, 436, 1873, 3707, 275, 10276, 342, 253, 4637, 15, 187, 475, 1422, 778, 4044, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 4637, 387, 187, 475, 187, 475, 50272, 3614, 1358, 2700, 15, 8418, 15, 2061, 16, 17130, 16, 17821, 14, 19, 15, 17, 187, 475, 187, 475, 15999, 2424, 407, 7763, 1569, 390, 5821, 281, 275, 4028, 13, 3694, 187, 475, 5939, 762, 253, 4637, 310, 5939, 327, 271, 346, 1719, 4110, 3, 23440, 13, 187, 475, 15002, 15466, 4145, 22998, 3481, 9103, 19329, 13, 2057, 3890, 390, 10466, 15, 187, 475, 2594, 253, 4637, 323, 253, 2173, 3448, 13200, 15607, 285, 187, 475, 7364, 762, 253, 4637, 15, 187, 1738, 187, 187, 10708, 4955, 15, 19377, 15, 4113, 28, 187, 187, 2948, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 16687, 28, 187, 2948, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 6648, 28, 187, 187, 2948, 4955, 15, 19377, 15, 8700, 15, 44761, 28, 187, 187, 6930, 187, 475, 8595, 14, 22, 14, 6160, 5673, 326, 13067, 247, 17051, 323, 1566, 12474, 15, 187, 475, 14140, 3441, 4158, 323, 6240, 12474, 281, 253, 1566, 15, 187, 475, 1876, 5811, 323, 24497, 253, 4583, 1566, 347, 247, 18073, 3211, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 6648, 7165, 187, 475, 187, 475, 1214, 7582, 19120, 1326, 257, 11826, 7707, 187, 475, 1214, 17480, 374, 15, 22, 15, 18, 187, 1738, 187, 4387, 5673, 10031, 551, 535, 186, 6930, 996, 475, 5733, 253, 12164, 11104, 762, 253, 12164, 1416, 15, 996, 475, 1214, 3575, 11104, 2402, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 1566, 11104, 313, 7594, 18073, 3211, 3635, 2311, 996, 475, 1214, 3575, 11104, 3902, 253, 1566, 11104, 1318, 313, 5092, 320, 18073, 3211, 3635, 2311, 996, 1738, 187, 186, 7104, 823, 11756, 9, 2776, 11104, 2402, 13, 1214, 44761, 9206, 11104, 3902, 558, 535, 186, 6930, 996, 475, 5733, 253, 12164, 11104, 281, 436, 18073, 3211, 12968, 94, 970, 247, 996, 475, 18073, 4492, 4955, 15, 19377, 15, 6443, 15, 1773, 9637, 4, 788, 23807, 2402, 4561, 1416, 7165, 996, 475, 654, 81, 2730, 74, 31, 8497, 27, 45598, 18073, 4492, 7626, 15, 8906, 15, 16687, 47304, 94, 403, 417, 2879, 281, 996, 475, 253, 1566, 672, 970, 436, 1332, 984, 359, 2550, 9113, 3653, 996, 475, 253, 2032, 5008, 1416, 15, 9182, 2127, 943, 2451, 323, 18073, 3211, 3635, 94, 2581, 996, 475, 685, 323, 6325, 18406, 347, 310, 2168, 2218, 407, 500, 1267, 45, 14610, 8239, 74, 31, 996, 475, 1214, 3575, 11104, 3902, 253, 1566, 11104, 1318, 313, 7594, 18073, 3211, 3635, 2311, 996, 1738, 187, 186, 7104, 823, 11756, 9, 4241, 11104, 3902, 558, 535, 186, 6930, 996, 475, 27671, 512, 12474, 275, 253, 12164, 18073, 3211, 17078, 94, 715, 436, 996, 475, 18073, 3211, 12968, 2023, 970, 11104, 1416, 5978, 323, 1016, 3284, 15, 996, 475, 1214, 2887, 1852, 1911, 11756, 9, 4241, 10, 996, 1738, 187, 186, 7104, 823, 3074, 23372, 9, 16687, 14277, 31, 11104, 15888, 558, 535, 186, 6930, 996, 475, 27671, 512, 12474, 275, 253, 12164, 18073, 3211, 12968, 94, 715, 436, 18073, 3211, 12968, 7165, 996, 475, 1214, 2887, 1852, 1911, 11756, 9, 2776, 13, 9206, 10, 996, 1738, 187, 186, 7104, 823, 3074, 23372, 9, 6648, 29, 2776, 13, 23983, 12474, 558, 535, 186, 6930 ]

optical elements. A propagating light wave of constant phase is divided into two wavefronts that are directed along separate optical paths, namely, a test path and a reference path. The test path includes the optical surface being tested, and the reference path includes a known reference surface. After reflecting from test and reference surfaces, the two wavefronts are recombined forming an interferogram. Fringe patterns of the interferogram are interpreted to obtain measures of the surface topography of the test surface. A majority of precision optical surfaces are spherical segments. The known interferometric techniques are especially well suited to measure concave spherical surfaces. For example, a point light source may be located in the test path at the center of curvature of the concave test surface. To the extent that the test surface is truly spherical, the light impinges at normal incidence to the test surface and is retroreflected along its original path back to the light source. Any deviation of the reflected light from its original path produces fringe distortions in an interference pattern with a reference wavefront indicative of a departure from sphericity. However, it is much more difficult to use interferometric techniques to measure large convex spherical surfaces. Additional optical elements are used to relay an image of the point source to the center of curvature of convex surfaces. The point source image is relayed by lenses that must be made large enough to produce a converging light beam having marginal rays at normal incidence to the periphery of the convex surface. These lenses are expensive and difficult to make to required accuracy. In fact, it becomes impractical to manufacture optical elements with sufficient accuracy for measuring certain large aperture convex surfaces with the known interferometric techniques.Double-balloon endoscopy: an effective rescue procedure after incomplete conventional colonoscopy. A significant percentage of colonoscopies remain incomplete because of a failure to intubate the caecum. By double-balloon endoscopy (DBE), originally developed for deep enteroscopy, an otherwise incomplete examination of the colon might be completed. We evaluated the success rate of caecal intubation, the reasons for its failure and the therapeutic consequences of using DBE after incomplete conventional colonoscopy. We report our single-centre experience of using DBE to complete an otherwise incomplete colonoscopy. A total of 114 consecutive patients, 45 male and 69 female, with a mean age of 64.8 years, who had undergone 116 procedures, were evaluated retrospectively by a review of their medical records. The main causes for failed caecal intubation using a conventional colonoscope were loop formation in 70 patients (61.4%) and an adhesive angulated sigmoid in 33 (28.9%). Caecal intubation by DBE was successful in 101 patients (88.6%). The rate of failure was not associated with the cause of failure of the previous colonoscopy. In 55 patients (48.2%) a relevant new diagnosis was made in the previously inaccessible part of the colon: carcinoma (n=4; 3.5%), one or more adenomas (n=48; 42.1%) and caecal flat hyperplastic polyps (n=4; 3.5%). Endoscopic polypectomy was performed in 51 patients (44.7%); two complications occurred, both being mild postpolypectomy bleedings. In seven patients (6.1%) a subsequent surgical resection was performed. Colonoscopy by DBE was useful in most patients in whom conventional colonoscopy was incomplete, irrespective of the cause of the failure. In nearly half the patients, a relevant new diagnosis was made with therapeutic consequences.India Pale Ales, or IPAs, of course, have long been an obsession in craft beer, and Holtzman admits that Yuengling's IPL comes around as a result of "the popularity of the IPA style." And with Yuengling having long mastered the lager style with their flagship Traditional Lager brew, the move seems like a natural progression.Pictured above: Jacques d'Amboise in George Balanchine's Apollo, 1963. D'Amboise was acclaimed by critics as "the definitive Apollo" for his interpretation of this 1928 ballet. In his autobiography, I Was a Dancer, d'Amboise writes that he saw his own journey reflected in this signature role, described by its choreographer as depicting how "a wild, untamed youth learns nobility through art." (Photograph by John Dominis.) Pictured left: Cover design for He Makes Me Feel Like Dancin', a 1983 Academy Award-winning documentary about Jacques d'Amboise by Emile Ardolino. The documentary includes footage of d'Amboise teaching schoolchildren through the National Dance Institute, which he founded to bring dance and arts education to public schools. Jacques d’Amboise has single-handedly done much to broaden appreciation for ballet in America. As a principal dancer with New York City Ballet he shattered stereotypes by creating a masculine, all-American image for ballet, and since retiring from the stage he has brought dance education to countless public school children. Born Joseph Jacques Ahearn on July 28, 1934 in Dedham, Massachussetts, he grew up in Washington Heights, New York City, and entered the School of American Ballet at the age of eight. At just fifteen he joined New York City Ballet, becoming one of the first dancers to graduate from the school into the company. George Balanchine created a wide variety of roles for him, and he was especially celebrated for his interpretation of Balanchine’s 1928 ballet Apollo. He was known for his exuberance, athleticism, skilled partnering, and on-stage joie-de-vivre, qualities that were also on view in films like Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (1954). In 1976, d’Amboise founded the National Dance Institute, which brings arts education and appreciation into public schools. His work with the Institute has taken him around the world, and he has also promoted dance through films, television programs, and books. He has been widely recognized and honored for both his artistic excellence and his humanitarian work. www.nationaldance.org Pictured left: Jacques d'Amboise in Ballet Encounter, a program organized by d'Amboise in the 1970s that presented compilations of ballet excerpts with a touring company including fellow NYCB dancers. D'Amboise has long been committed to expanding the audience for ballet. (Ann Barzel Dance Research Collection, The Newberry Library, Chicago.) Pictured right: Jacques d'Amboise in George Balanchine's Stars and Stripes. Set to Sousa marches, this ballet captured the quality of all-American exuberance and athleticism that Balanchine found in his adopted country and in Jacques d'Amboise, who became the choreographer's protégé after joining New York City Ballet at the age of 15. (Photograph by Gjon Mili.)IHT have interviewed Pharrell Williams and Camile Miceli about their new jewellery line for Louis Vuitton, the interview answers many of the questions people have been asking, how the project came about, what inspired the name, and much much more./* * Copyright 2002-2019 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.springframework.ui; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.lang.Nullable; /** * Java-5-specific interface that defines a holder for model attributes. * Primarily designed for adding attributes to the model. * Allows for accessing the overall model as a {@code java.util.Map}. * * @author Juergen Hoeller * @since 2.5.1 */ public interface Model { /** * Add the supplied attribute under the supplied name. * @param attributeName the name of the model attribute (never {@code null}) * @param attributeValue the model attribute value (can be {@code null}) */ Model addAttribute(String attributeName, @Nullable Object attributeValue); /** * Add the supplied attribute to this {@code Map} using a * {@link org.springframework.core.Conventions#getVariableName generated name}. * <p><i>Note: Empty {@link java.util.Collection Collections} are not added to * the model when using this method because we cannot correctly determine * the true convention name. View code should check for {@code null} rather * than for empty collections as is already done by JSTL tags.</i> * @param attributeValue the model attribute value (never {@code null}) */ Model addAttribute(Object attributeValue); /** * Copy all attributes in the supplied {@code Collection} into this * {@code Map}, using attribute name generation for each element. * @see #addAttribute(Object) */ Model addAllAttributes(Collection<?> attributeValues); /** * Copy all attributes in the supplied {@code Map} into this {@code Map}. * @see #addAttribute(String, Object) */ Model addAllAttributes(Map<String, ?> attributes); /**

[ 347, 271, 2228, 13, 253, 5406, 310, 417, 987, 15, 1244, 604, 352, 310, 5803, 5189, 13, 969, 253, 5406, 310, 417, 987, 15, 1680, 752, 309, 1333, 3451, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 10572, 253, 18479, 3139, 27, 187, 510, 18479, 3139, 310, 751, 247, 1524, 8031, 19068, 275, 690, 4088, 285, 417, 275, 2571, 15, 187, 187, 510, 9830, 1469, 432, 11978, 281, 13735, 5046, 861, 7790, 5434, 275, 253, 18479, 347, 368, 564, 2169, 275, 253, 8031, 13, 247, 1805, 6779, 323, 247, 8031, 19068, 2167, 13, 651, 320, 281, 452, 512, 3603, 4336, 11978, 1919, 352, 4925, 253, 4869, 1979, 13, 285, 840, 352, 651, 1614, 2502, 323, 3253, 1840, 352, 15, 209, 187, 510, 18479, 9113, 2722, 326, 253, 3603, 273, 253, 8031, 403, 27433, 253, 8031, 2701, 15, 209, 187, 48588, 634, 2086, 588, 13035, 390, 368, 588, 755, 247, 26405, 9331, 347, 3517, 347, 368, 8268, 634, 8031, 15, 50276, 688, 436, 1039, 253, 18479, 310, 417, 751, 247, 1524, 8031, 19068, 15, 50276, 8457, 352, 2722, 1142, 4957, 327, 1755, 273, 253, 8031, 15, 2490, 187, 510, 18479, 6283, 12646, 326, 352, 310, 247, 8031, 27, 187, 187, 510, 18479, 556, 247, 8781, 323, 253, 3603, 275, 253, 8031, 187, 510, 18479, 2722, 326, 627, 403, 3603, 275, 253, 8031, 15, 209, 187, 510, 18479, 2722, 326, 253, 5004, 273, 253, 8031, 310, 4581, 13, 4495, 1841, 4901, 352, 806, 275, 1390, 562, 15, 2490, 187, 10572, 752, 247, 8031, 19068, 310, 27, 187, 34, 8031, 556, 247, 4869, 2953, 326, 943, 417, 320, 22536, 15, 50276, 1552, 4869, 2953, 476, 320, 22536, 407, 13383, 1633, 4830, 253, 8031, 15, 50276, 510, 1979, 273, 253, 8031, 14802, 752, 436, 4869, 2953, 476, 320, 15, 50276, 1394, 476, 873, 436, 8031, 1979, 323, 634, 5659, 15, 209, 187, 1909, 271, 9255, 13, 253, 7285, 310, 247, 8031, 762, 5449, 13, 835, 368, 1611, 281, 1684, 432, 253, 8031, 672, 2717, 310, 327, 352, 13, 501, 16292, 275, 1469, 762, 253, 5927, 2953, 326, 2550, 320, 22536, 15, 209, 187, 4943, 310, 271, 1650, 273, 247, 8031, 19068, 27, 187, 565, 1159, 7865, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 50275, 3615, 1269, 60, 31111, 9439, 2194, 1380, 654, 1532, 3771, 271, 1650, 13, 778, 417, 19068, 604, 8031, 310, 1077, 1781, 187, 50275, 605, 1051, 187, 50275, 2309, 470, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 4943, 310, 1529, 1650, 273, 247, 8031, 19068, 13, 496, 436, 1650, 253, 8031, 310, 22536, 984, 1046, 1159, 1067, 32804, 1633, 327, 253, 8031, 27, 187, 4353, 2752, 6116, 2244, 422, 11594, 1082, 187, 92, 187, 50276, 3220, 6116, 2244, 422, 11594, 1874, 187, 94, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 1147, 434, 816, 247, 18479, 13, 285, 368, 403, 512, 10412, 952, 15, 187, 2214, 253, 38452, 14, 303, 30125, 13, 3706, 582, 533, 671, 13, 1705, 327, 1051, 1163, 93, 15, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 1276, 310, 247, 8031, 19068, 32, 187, 4497, 619, 3858, 13, 1107, 3622, 13, 896, 275, 253, 3644, 11880, 273, 12672, 13, 247, 25459, 2210, 281, 479, 342, 247, 1895, 15, 50276, 8389, 2127, 369, 12421, 34869, 13, 285, 344, 4571, 626, 4677, 562, 835, 253, 7505, 369, 15, 187, 3463, 13035, 309, 1599, 3630, 3632, 5810, 281, 3632, 13977, 327, 253, 3601, 13, 5569, 598, 13, 285, 2430, 3520, 1612, 272, 1066, 15, 50276, 4374, 13, 436, 369, 253, 1533, 273, 45379, 13, 253, 21314, 21136, 13, 896, 672, 359, 6337, 1293, 7503, 3541, 390, 346, 18641, 3, 3541, 13288, 15, 187, 2598, 352, 7819, 562, 619, 25459, 369, 3515, 342, 253, 4284, 577, 76, 8031, 15, 50276, 4374, 13, 577, 11895, 706, 12742, 15, 50276, 3633, 562, 634, 2849, 5411, 5253, 15, 187, 8116, 275, 1110, 1897, 13, 253, 8031, 3053, 387, 581, 990, 273, 3541, 15, 50276, 6124, 2427, 387, 1529, 15, 50276, 1328, 522, 2427, 387, 1529, 15, 50276, 510, 26486, 285, 8031, 2238, 14, 1171, 4307, 598, 16, 3487, 2584, 1016, 643, 15, 50276, 3039, 597, 1313, 13, 352, 369, 346, 1206, 276, 9143, 485, 3446, 187, 11564, 619, 25459, 434, 17963, 1691, 521, 18133, 8985, 2127, 598, 387, 253, 990, 273, 253, 8031, 15, 187, 1898, 344, 8884, 247, 1781, 3781, 273, 48158, 327, 253, 8031, 15, 50276, 34, 1077, 1781, 3781, 13, 323, 521, 8031, 1979, 15, 50276, 1147, 2335, 598, 247, 1652, 689, 495, 76, 15, 187, 46587, 13, 672, 521, 1159, 1067, 5202, 1694, 3676, 2217, 13, 344, 689, 48141, 521, 2127, 15, 187, 46587, 13, 344, 1925, 326, 2127, 15, 187, 3220, 3858, 13, 16093, 310, 247, 8031, 19068, 15, 187, 1394, 952, 3063, 13, 342, 634, 7503, 3541, 285, 260, 2149, 10628, 15, 50276, 1394, 452, 352, 3477, 2, 535, 82, 10, 426, 470, 15, 187, 14, 18, 13, 721, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 88, 10, 320, 253, 1273, 4309, 273, 428, 2405, 16, 20, 11, 88, 424, 21, 559, 4567, 16, 20, 11, 88, 424, 20, 559, 854, 11, 88, 424, 19, 559, 1903, 16, 22, 11, 88, 424, 22, 559, 470, 559, 1458, 11, 88, 15, 3854, 480, 9, 66, 10, 426, 470, 15, 6762, 247, 15, 187, 14, 19, 16, 883, 13, 337, 13, 374, 187, 4140, 428, 13482, 11, 88, 424, 22, 559, 495, 11, 88, 424, 22, 559, 884, 1549, 11, 88, 424, 19, 428, 18672, 11, 88, 424, 22, 428, 898, 1438, 11, 88, 424, 21, 559, 259, 424, 22, 559, 2456, 11, 88, 424, 22, 428, 1384, 11, 88, 559, 25905, 11, 88, 424, 20, 428, 5096, 426, 470, 15, 6762, 259, 15, 187, 14, 21, 13, 428, 18, 13, 428, 19, 16, 24, 13, 374, 16, 24, 13, 337, 187, 1466, 295, 320, 5976, 16, 1797, 428, 898, 16, 805, 15, 1281, 295, 11, 85, 424, 21, 428, 818, 16, 21, 11, 85, 428, 337, 16, 19, 559, 818, 16, 21, 11, 85, 424, 20, 428, 495, 16, 21, 11, 85, 424, 19, 426, 470, 15, 1737, 310, 246, 32, 187, 14, 18, 13, 428, 19, 16, 22, 13, 337, 187, 1466, 1484, 320, 428, 18, 428, 3383, 2082, 1933, 1010, 428, 374, 15, 1281, 247, 320, 337, 428, 428, 18, 5355, 20, 428, 374, 481, 16090, 884, 16, 20, 11, 91, 424, 66, 428, 3307, 16, 20, 11, 91, 559, 1484, 15, 187, 19, 5355, 91, 428, 374, 7672, 22, 11, 91, 428, 337, 1933, 20, 187, 4140, 577, 11, 66, 426, 495, 11, 66, 559, 495, 15, 3854, 428, 23, 426, 247, 11, 76, 428, 608, 11, 76, 15, 16090, 428, 76, 11, 91, 424, 20, 428, 1182, 424, 19, 428, 608, 11, 91, 424, 20, 559, 374, 11, 91, 424, 20, 428, 374, 11, 91, 424, 19, 428, 495, 11, 91, 424, 21, 15, 187, 14, 20, 11, 91, 424, 19, 5355, 91, 559, 337, 4846, 19, 187, 1466, 260, 426, 428, 3680, 1093, 16, 2597, 559, 24344, 16, 1717, 15, 16090, 470, 559, 260, 11, 89, 424, 19, 559, 374, 16, 20, 11, 89, 428, 337, 16, 20, 11, 89, 424, 20, 15, 187, 14, 89, 5355, 89, 428, 374, 7672, 89, 559, 337, 1933, 20, 187, 1466, 362, 320, 12374, 2759, 5789, 4185, 25349, 21, 5789, 1047, 5029, 16090, 428, 19, 11, 79, 424, 21, 559, 721, 11, 79, 424, 19, 428, 721, 11, 79, 424, 20, 559, 721, 11, 79, 424, 87, 559, 608, 11, 79, 424, 20, 559, 295, 424, 21, 15, 187, 14, 79, 424, 19, 5355, 79, 428, 721, 7672, 79, 559, 337, 10, 187, 1466, 465, 9, 83, 10, 426, 721, 11, 83, 424, 21, 559, 3285, 11, 83, 424, 20, 559, 13062, 11, 83, 424, 19, 428, 818, 11, 83, 428, 818, 15, 1281, 268, 9, 73, 10, 426, 818, 11, 73, 424, 21, 559, 3285, 11, 73, 424, 20, 559, 12131, 11, 73, 424, 19, 428, 854, 11, 73, 428, 854, 15, 1281, 270, 9, 66, 10, 426, 428, 25, 11, 76, 9, 66, 10, 559, 818, 11, 81, 9, 66, 481, 9985, 269, 13, 1677, 326, 270, 9, 71, 10, 426, 470, 15, 187, 14, 20, 13, 470, 13, 4567, 187, 1466, 260, 426, 12643, 428, 11601, 15, 1281, 269, 9, 84, 10, 320, 253, 1273, 4309, 273, 428, 18, 16, 21, 11, 84, 424, 68, 559, 470, 428, 2164, 11, 84, 424, 19, 428, 374, 11, 84, 559, 577, 11, 84, 424, 20, 15, 16090, 269, 9, 69, 481, 187, 14, 20, 5355, 69, 428, 577, 4846, 19, 187, 1466, 1484, 426, 8437, 16, 14783, 428, 608, 16, 14783, 15, 11374, 891, 594, 326, 428, 25, 16, 883, 11, 74, 559, 470, 559, 721, 16, 883, 11, 74, 424, 20, 559, 1484, 11, 74, 424, 19, 428, 374, 16, 883, 11, 74, 424, 22, 428, 577, 16, 883, 11, 74, 424, 21, 426, 470, 15, 187, 14, 19, 13, 470, 13, 337, 187, 1466, 295, 9, 88, 10, 320, 253, 806, 4309, 273, 428, 22, 16, 21, 11, 88, 424, 19, 428, 655, 559, 608, 16, 1093, 11, 88, 424, 20, 559, 470, 11, 88, 15, 16090, 295, 9, 73, 481, 187, 22, 11, 73, 5355, 73, 428, 495, 1933, 23, 187, 1466, 260, 426, 428, 24558, 559, 27587, 15, 1281, 470, 11, 84, 428, 337, 16, 20, 11, 84, 424, 68, 428, 374, 16, 20, 11, 84, 424, 20, 559, 470, 426, 470, 15, 6762, 256, 15, 187, 14, 18, 16, 19, 13, 470, 187, 1466, 268, 320, 337, 5584, 20, 2888, 1093, 3547, 5584, 11246, 481, 11374, 256, 594, 326, 268, 559, 577, 11, 84, 428, 577, 16, 22, 11, 84, 424, 19, 426, 470, 15, 187, 14, 18, 13, 721, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 77, 10, 320, 253, 2626, 4309, 273, 818, 11, 77, 424, 23, 16, 9913, 559, 3285, 11, 77, 424, 22, 16, 22, 559, 818, 27496, 11, 77, 424, 21, 16, 1237, 559, 884, 2511, 11, 77, 424, 20, 16, 21, 428, 1249, 11, 77, 424, 19, 15, 1281, 480, 9, 81, 10, 426, 470, 15, 1737, 310, 268, 32, 187, 14, 1610, 13, 428, 19, 16, 24, 187, 1466, 1269, 9, 85, 10, 320, 253, 1273, 4309, 273, 337, 16, 16587, 11, 85, 424, 23, 559, 470, 559, 337, 16, 25, 11, 85, 424, 19, 559, 337, 16, 1449, 11, 85, 424, 22, 559, 608, 16, 1812, 11, 85, 424, 20, 428, 495, 11, 85, 559, 337, 16, 805, 11, 85, 424, 21, 15, 16090, 1269, 9, 90, 481, 187, 9, 90, 559, 337, 4846, 20, 5355, 90, 559, 495, 1933, 805, 187, 1466, 1182, 426, 16221, 18, 16, 1012, 559, 428, 1010, 1012, 15, 16090, 374, 16, 1012, 11, 86, 424, 21, 559, 854, 16, 1012, 11, 86, 424, 20, 559, 374, 16, 1012, 559, 1182, 11, 86, 424, 19, 559, 854, 16, 1012, 11, 86, 15, 187, 19, 5355, 86, 559, 337, 4846, 21, 16, 1012, 187, 1466, 277, 320, 313, 1093, 16, 1857, 16986, 20, 5789, 1010, 5029, 16090, 428, 2055, 11, 81, 424, 20, 428, 721, 11, 81, 559, 11583, 11, 81, 424, 20, 428, 495, 11, 81, 424, 69, 428, 608, 11, 81, 424, 19, 559, 608, 11, 81, 424, 19, 15, 187, 20, 11, 81, 5355, 81, 428, 374, 7672, 81, 559, 337, 10, 187, 1466, 480, 9, 76, 10, 320, 253, 806, 4309, 273, 495, 11, 76, 424, 21, 16, 21, 559, 721, 11, 76, 424, 20, 559, 1249, 11, 76, 424, 19, 559, 13900, 15, 3854, 480, 9, 90, 10, 426, 470, 15, 1737, 310, 340, 32, 187, 14, 21, 13, 428, 19, 13, 470, 187, 1466, 247, 426, 428, 14840, 559, 24727, 15, 1281, 268, 9, 68, 10, 426, 495, 11, 68, 424, 19, 428, 721, 11, 68, 424, 19, 428, 495, 11, 68, 424, 19, 15, 1281, 465, 9, 85, 10, 426, 246, 424, 20, 428, 246, 424, 19, 428, 246, 428, 337, 15, 1281, 258, 9, 90, 10, 426, 247, 11, 81, 9, 90, 10, 559, 495, 11, 76, 9, 90, 481, 16090, 258, 9, 67, 481, 187, 20, 5355, 67, 428, 337, 7672, 67, 559, 337, 4846, 19, 187, 1466, 268, 9, 68, 10, 320, 253, 806, 4309, 273, 428, 68, 424, 23, 16, 1010, 428, 721, 11, 68, 424, 22, 16, 22, 428, 5345, 11, 68, 424, 21, 16, 22, 428, 7127, 11, 68, 424, 20 ]

as an error, the picture is not right. And if it is NOT detected, again the picture is not right. Is what I say correct? A: About the logo itself: The logo itself is like a real stack overflow in some ways and not in others. The colors going from gray to orange maybe signifies danger in the logo as you go higher in the stack, a better representation for a stack overflow though, would be to have all elements completely gray until it reached the maximum size, and then it would turn red for everything above it. The logo correctly shows that the elements of the stack are exceeding the stack limit. Usually your program will crash or you will get a segmentation fault as soon as you exceed your stack. In this way the logo is not like a real stack overflow. Because it shows many items on top of the stack. The logo properly displays that it is a stack: The logo has a container for the elements in the stack The logo shows that there are elements in the stack. The logo shows that the bottom of the stack is closed, meaning things enter it first in last out. About what a stack overflow is: A stack has a maximum address that should not be exceeded. This maximum address can be exceeded by pushing something onto the stack. The size of the stack determines what this maximum address can be. You can set this stack size for your programs. As an aside, the opposite is a stack underflow, where you try to pop from the stack when nothing is on it, resuling in going under the minimum address that cannot be exceeded. Here is an example of a stack overflow: int functionCall() { char x[102400000]; // <--- Just an example, may not overflow if stack is very large //... return 0; } Here is another example of a stack overflow, In this example the stack is exceeded because every function call pushes something on the stack: void MyRecursiveFunction() { MyRecursiveFunction(); } A: It's just a logo, and you are all crazy people. For the humour-impaired, ;), but also, come on... :|. A: What is a stack overflow? Well my friends, years ago, back in the dark ages of computing, a colleague came to me with a problem. His code was randomly crashing, and he couldn't figure out where the bug was. By crash I mean write random characters to random spots on the screen, lock up, and require physical powering down. Yes, this was the world of DOS, the IBM pc, back when we ran without virtual memory or "protected" memory segments. So it turns out my colleague was running with the default 4k stack. Yes, 4 kilobytes. Get out your magnifying glass. Back in those days, the stack started at one end of memory. Code went at another. Heap went at another. The heap and stack kind-of worked up/down toward each other. When they met, it was "troublesome". Only my colleague's compiler put his compiled binary code up at the end of the stack. And he declared a large array of floats on the stack. A very large array, for his stack size. It took up a little over 3k. Eventually, when his function call tree got deep enough, he overwrote his code. Eventually, he called that code. My friends, THAT is a stack overflow. You people today, with your virtual memory and coredumps. You have it easy! q) = 0. -1, 6 Let j(w) be the second derivative of -31/3*w**4 + 32/3*w**3 + 8*w**2 + 11/5*w**5 + 0 + 15*w. Suppose j(a) = 0. Calculate a. -2/11, 1, 2 Suppose -129*w**5 + 3*w**5 + 1060*w**2 - 170*w**5 - 980*w**4 + w**5 + 50*w**5 - 20*w + 265*w**3 - 80 = 0. Calculate w. -4, -1, -2/7, 2/7, 1 Let n be 42/21 - 9/12. Let n*t**4 - 7/4*t - 1/2 + 7/4*t**3 - 3/4*t**2 = 0. What is t? -1, -2/5, 1 Let u be -1 - (-65)/15 - 2. Let a be 1 - -1*(3 - 2). Factor 10/3*z**a - 22/3*z + u. 2*(z - 2)*(5*z - 1)/3 Suppose 4*a = 3*a + 3. Suppose -6 = a*k - 5*k. Factor -k*z**3 - z**2 - 5*z**3 + 2*z**3 - 2*z**2 - 3*z**4. -3*z**2*(z + 1)**2 Let c = -5818/87 + 1949/29. Factor 0 + c*x**2 + 2/3*x - 1/3*x**3. -x*(x - 2)*(x + 1)/3 Let v be ((-84)/(-98))/((-4)/(-14)). Factor -2*n**4 + 6*n**2 - 6*n**3 + 6*n**v + 5*n**3 + n**4. -n**2*(n - 6)*(n + 1) Let k(r) = 6*r**4 + 29*r**3 + 103*r**2 - 7*r - 7. Let p(h) = 7*h**4 + 29*h**3 + 104*h**2 - 8*h - 8. Let b(a) = -8*k(a) + 7*p(a). Find f, given that b(f) = 0. -3, 0, 32 Let c = 118 - 114. Let f(s) be the second derivative of -1/4*s**c + 0 - 24*s**2 - 2*s + 4*s**3. Factor f(d). -3*(d - 4)**2 Let u = 101/132 - 5/132. Determine i so that -8/11*i + 0 + 6/11*i**3 + u*i**2 - 2/11*i**5 - 4/11*i**4 = 0. -2, 0, 1 Let n(w) be the first derivative of -5/4*w**2 - 19 + 5/18*w**3 + 0*w. Factor n(h). 5*h*(h - 3)/6 Let c = -219 + 221. Let 0*s - 1/3*s**c - 2/3*s**3 + 0 = 0. Calculate s. -1/2, 0 Let p be 1/(-3)*1872/(-130). Determine s so that p + 4*s - 4/5*s**2 = 0. -1, 6 Let j(l) be the third derivative of 7*l**6/160 + 29*l**5/5 + 7755*l**4/32 + 1089*l**3/4 - 12*l**2. Let j(p) = 0. What is p? -33, -2/7 Let x(t) be the second derivative of 1/360*t**6 + 0 + 1/8*t**2 + 1/40*t**5 + 5/36*t**3 - 3*t + 1/12*t**4. Factor x(y). (y + 1)**3*(y + 3)/12 Let z = 19681/13 + -1513. Factor 2/13*u**4 + 8/13*u**3 + 2/13 + z*u**2 + 8/13*u. 2*(u + 1)**4/13 Let d be (18/45)/((-3)/(-15)). Factor -88*p**3 - 6*p + 91*p**3 - 3*p**d - 5*p**2 + 5*p**2. 3*p*(p - 2)*(p + 1) Let j(k) be the first derivative of 3*k**4/4 + 6*k**3 + 12*k**2 + 134. Suppose j(y) = 0. What is y? -4, -2, 0 Let a = -175 + 174. Let p(c) = 3*c**2 - 6*c**2 - 3*c**2. Let k(t) = t**3 - t**2 - t - 1. Let o(y) = a*p(y) + 3*k(y). Factor o(b). 3*(b - 1)*(b + 1)**2 Let p(c) be the first derivative of -c**6/15 - 6*c**5/5 - 37*c**4/5 - 44*c**3

[ 897, 273, 253, 41740, 1514, 2317, 15, 329, 4564, 273, 7681, 1289, 27539, 342, 3590, 285, 247, 1643, 892, 25776, 3104, 9255, 13, 253, 921, 369, 2168, 3965, 1199, 3722, 4861, 275, 285, 588, 5604, 1287, 285, 6871, 562, 667, 1652, 465, 3106, 342, 6774, 16226, 15, 187, 187, 510, 38811, 369, 19080, 314, 2218, 13, 285, 253, 2216, 273, 253, 10721, 11472, 369, 3782, 13943, 15, 1707, 369, 690, 1270, 897, 273, 15632, 13, 3782, 323, 329, 2044, 547, 13, 253, 26395, 19538, 13, 285, 253, 37635, 497, 27231, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3275, 369, 973, 5248, 13, 285, 253, 2567, 457, 84, 23027, 285, 31733, 497, 41142, 784, 15, 35944, 4235, 358, 961, 1160, 271, 13943, 270, 15242, 347, 253, 26395, 11628, 329, 2044, 547, 13, 14186, 275, 247, 9386, 345, 1940, 421, 273, 247, 28067, 326, 1364, 320, 253, 38877, 273, 2571, 275, 253, 10319, 19538, 28067, 36309, 15, 380, 1039, 703, 419, 9932, 1031, 33587, 264, 598, 253, 41740, 1514, 369, 247, 12725, 15, 187, 187, 48686, 5219, 313, 53, 4595, 47824, 14, 4015, 798, 10, 1108, 14186, 347, 247, 1077, 3183, 261, 494, 16590, 28806, 1108, 285, 253, 12843, 313, 34706, 266, 47824, 14, 4015, 798, 10, 1160, 247, 25507, 4275, 4564, 285, 21758, 616, 9503, 342, 247, 446, 4894, 15, 380, 747, 17325, 32458, 273, 6798, 3277, 408, 313, 16910, 24008, 10, 285, 521, 1930, 14, 44568, 16, 13020, 1810, 725, 9143, 313, 45, 5741, 18885, 2205, 582, 1060, 347, 271, 3098, 16606, 37475, 14, 9888, 277, 13183, 285, 521, 2581, 43331, 90, 13372, 13, 497, 247, 10112, 1635, 281, 253, 5248, 15, 380, 5093, 46203, 512, 574, 5799, 5810, 285, 1016, 12353, 3534, 271, 990, 10745, 3045, 273, 616, 2554, 15, 187, 187, 2214, 253, 10279, 4421, 1331, 982, 13, 512, 6152, 943, 564, 281, 31508, 2205, 322, 437, 347, 3619, 2072, 285, 16246, 8229, 19482, 17025, 347, 26419, 868, 13, 665, 574, 247, 1524, 25325, 342, 253, 8446, 285, 4307, 1892, 281, 755, 731, 3206, 13, 1014, 604, 253, 806, 2360, 8446, 369, 8489, 851, 280, 290, 285, 49371, 264, 15, 3619, 2072, 457, 84, 50032, 273, 253, 4498, 353, 11625, 6975, 500, 7215, 369, 581, 273, 253, 1029, 2792, 273, 253, 7237, 15, 187, 187, 15611, 794, 15, 187, 187, 44, 6950, 6625, 1665, 187, 187, 510, 1639, 710, 596, 2778, 1108, 4397, 4765, 187, 187, 510, 4051, 710, 596, 2778, 1108, 5516, 934, 32392, 23789, 19670, 187, 187, 4531, 275, 1458, 2090, 13, 22169, 42796, 2727, 457, 84, 20996, 1132, 16633, 327, 253, 2926, 273, 1264, 273, 253, 954, 6422, 2255, 273, 253, 1388, 1108, 12694, 309, 13, 11628, 273, 5854, 13, 617, 19338, 6393, 13, 11628, 273, 45690, 13, 285, 22169, 273, 11366, 24116, 413, 13, 2378, 253, 42821, 3416, 275, 5854, 13, 285, 253, 1436, 6777, 407, 12694, 281, 1132, 3167, 390, 12907, 263, 281, 6393, 1108, 347, 2183, 407, 12447, 13, 253, 38081, 36276, 273, 253, 4060, 13, 665, 9010, 5972, 908, 407, 22169, 281, 23019, 327, 6393, 15, 187, 187, 52, 314, 314, 749, 31324, 9493, 39062, 285, 15572, 273, 8645, 13, 285, 342, 1142, 4980, 35648, 13, 253, 1132, 10262, 841, 5810, 347, 2266, 2255, 973, 2104, 281, 9302, 275, 253, 5086, 14691, 1533, 273, 1612, 285, 8672, 15, 8079, 13, 841, 403, 2255, 665, 476, 1614, 253, 35491, 285, 16907, 25365, 2469, 553, 273, 32957, 1334, 90, 715, 247, 8312, 285, 749, 735, 422, 769, 15, 187, 187, 510, 29274, 2806, 873, 13, 342, 697, 20098, 12471, 285, 1305, 11297, 273, 253, 20076, 273, 253, 767, 1753, 561, 313, 3169, 327, 6667, 1119, 275, 9493, 7177, 10, 3562, 253, 3962, 37924, 323, 253, 2250, 15, 733, 6518, 7278, 253, 3282, 273, 4996, 14406, 326, 369, 629, 273, 253, 14511, 6293, 273, 253, 2926, 15, 733, 671, 7106, 4116, 327, 253, 5810, 285, 17414, 13, 271, 7126, 3061, 1677, 326, 1097, 497, 594, 18338, 273, 4116, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3884, 369, 6863, 13, 36872, 2047, 272, 253, 2250, 1077, 973, 285, 10263, 562, 253, 8482, 1059, 447, 273, 253, 14511, 281, 697, 2120, 4248, 15, 9937, 1142, 6200, 2544, 13, 253, 3275, 4934, 697, 13870, 285, 10254, 13, 9257, 3652, 253, 3282, 273, 4996, 14406, 347, 253, 2926, 42273, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 369, 247, 1175, 897, 273, 15632, 285, 253, 37635, 13, 3738, 417, 1499, 580, 763, 275, 2820, 281, 48516, 253, 2180, 13, 4307, 43713, 275, 616, 1305, 11297, 273, 253, 2710, 5810, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3275, 369, 46680, 407, 247, 2266, 5248, 273, 2872, 3773, 665, 4035, 281, 1287, 285, 1756, 342, 1016, 921, 285, 512, 3534, 1175, 16226, 15, 3599, 45416, 6115, 369, 3782, 13567, 347, 253, 41585, 2568, 5777, 38872, 22169, 273, 11366, 24116, 413, 13, 1223, 500, 35760, 353, 450, 369, 275, 13943, 830, 347, 247, 13532, 314, 810, 267, 12694, 309, 15, 36139, 282, 17353, 5316, 2692, 2139, 6393, 369, 2783, 594, 25507, 285, 1018, 43307, 15, 9309, 466, 33718, 25806, 12800, 253, 8482, 1059, 447, 285, 8312, 18701, 273, 253, 653, 1105, 2237, 6203, 31890, 17018, 15, 380, 5248, 7303, 253, 48663, 285, 8794, 1972, 273, 752, 369, 247, 9648, 3159, 90, 6001, 342, 1270, 7162, 13, 3738, 4931, 627, 812, 452, 644, 247, 4248, 3687, 12378, 273, 15547, 387, 2176, 2792, 13, 3782, 15995, 253, 10658, 2392, 275, 253, 2457, 6200, 672, 597, 497, 8288, 689, 3440, 15, 187, 187, 22641, 271, 4722, 5313, 273, 20021, 13, 2684, 342, 10861, 285, 11847, 15, 187, 187, 44, 6950, 6625, 1665, 187, 187, 36, 1041, 11094, 330, 1832, 1108, 4163, 4765, 187, 187, 18658, 187, 187, 39, 17259, 13, 8274, 285, 10501, 13, 342, 1633, 273, 271, 8991, 18750, 13, 443, 647, 10231, 457, 84, 1132, 11463, 1070, 247, 7826, 28190, 2256, 275, 271, 5369, 25646, 533, 7996, 5133, 15, 40285, 46123, 436, 369, 253, 17005, 273, 253, 36638, 11094, 330, 1832, 2285, 273, 17539, 552, 13, 10283, 706, 5582, 13, 657, 30043, 13, 714, 29997, 570, 285, 34327, 13, 285, 616, 2232, 19894, 14, 11964, 5407, 323, 253, 15515, 3558, 273, 253, 2285, 13, 347, 597, 2335, 629, 275, 247, 2923, 19489, 35958, 16363, 13678, 275, 4693, 15, 1292, 352, 671, 2335, 673, 281, 8338, 253, 4852, 273, 841, 608, 2255, 13, 17690, 441, 281, 3037, 625, 670, 616, 16038, 323, 15299, 13, 247, 14138, 285, 4536, 2963, 45806, 4828, 20203, 281, 253, 17478, 270, 781, 2158, 273, 436, 1387, 273, 3858, 15, 187, 187, 510, 3275, 369, 3365, 35035, 13, 342, 253, 5927, 273, 29060, 15, 733, 4395, 387, 271, 7126, 13870, 285, 253, 3638, 2544, 273, 6200, 275, 769, 374, 497, 7303, 275, 271, 4722, 285, 7870, 1039, 15, 6495, 897, 369, 1160, 273, 253, 3924, 285, 41740, 1514, 8470, 13, 2366, 342, 15632, 285, 3440, 13, 285, 253, 3275, 369, 11288, 3962, 275, 26475, 253, 43398, 1688, 571, 285, 4049, 274, 6475, 466, 273, 824, 19489, 3394, 15, 187, 187, 510, 2620, 2255, 5810, 1108, 657, 30043, 313, 35, 972, 314, 322, 437, 582, 34327, 313, 43, 42622, 13303, 2184, 583, 582, 17539, 552, 313, 44, 2198, 90, 21709, 11448, 582, 10283, 706, 5582, 313, 34, 7076, 66, 19872, 10, 285, 714, 29997, 570, 313, 52, 489, 47824, 14, 4015, 798, 10, 1108, 497, 973, 8392, 285, 7052, 14001, 15, 1707, 369, 247, 1524, 7870, 13673, 285, 1802, 17254, 3282, 273, 4049, 274, 6475, 466, 875, 253, 5810, 15, 3808, 13491, 17478, 8534, 369, 4828, 30063, 407, 253, 2963, 525, 4306, 273, 253, 1220, 300, 18101, 447, 273, 17539, 552, 285, 275, 1798, 253, 2457, 581, 273, 34327, 15, 380, 897, 273, 253, 1220, 300, 18101, 90, 369, 247, 19080, 285, 3576, 2813, 326, 11460, 253, 8446, 247, 27105, 273, 253, 1524, 1436, 3212, 253, 40881, 796, 285, 2879, 281, 253, 3282, 273, 40318, 273, 253, 4028, 15, 187, 187, 23852, 3555, 261, 369, 275, 4030, 830, 347, 11116, 253, 27585, 15515, 3558, 273, 253, 2285, 13, 4950, 281, 452, 15455, 625, 8763, 24484, 685, 281, 253, 25507, 480, 14065, 281, 5207, 359, 403, 8523, 5611, 15, 380, 8109, 5248, 512, 11346, 616, 9506, 13, 342, 253, 5492, 32341, 932, 6984, 463, 285, 25975, 275, 1798, 2403, 616, 1616, 15, 1198, 3780, 665, 24376, 407, 6194, 13, 253, 3515, 16391, 273, 253, 512, 1512, 3183, 261, 494, 6194, 15687, 326, 3395, 25962, 5327, 917, 387, 512, 253, 9560, 9506, 369, 671, 1633, 281, 4264, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 369, 247, 794, 285, 4886, 1132, 326, 19651, 253, 33372, 2108, 273, 9826, 952, 33405, 15423, 1841, 15, 733, 22828, 281, 320, 19651, 407, 247, 8489, 4067, 8446, 685, 326, 273, 253, 5842, 1533, 5500, 10020, 14, 13017, 2360, 15, 187, 187, 44, 6950, 6625, 1665, 187, 187, 29779, 609, 281, 35404, 39117, 308, 4894, 1108, 4162, 4765, 187, 187, 1552, 17478, 44741, 407, 22497, 6625, 37267, 29141, 253, 47921, 273, 7120, 670, 253, 308, 4894, 2021, 13, 247, 2021, 273, 5702, 390, 13, 347, 352, 7819, 562, 13, 417, 594, 5702, 13, 18111, 968, 665, 403, 2529, 347, 4882, 2366, 285, 1499, 16948, 2366, 15, 380, 7237, 2530, 247, 1481, 90, 5878, 273, 689, 253, 1755, 5810, 275, 247, 15695, 1171, 342, 7701, 16909, 285, 2217, 7484, 44676, 285, 4021, 45553, 281, 3693, 667, 3282, 273, 253, 28826, 15, 187, 187, 510, 23395, 4158, 873, 1108, 253, 7063, 2316, 387, 4200, 1303, 3995, 13, 247, 2586, 2419, 275, 37252, 1108, 10848, 9670, 253, 10825, 285, 38707, 762, 1299, 265, 3058, 323, 253, 2926, 15, 9966, 1500, 8807, 48659, 8838, 247, 5882, 17628, 327, 253, 10061, 13, 36872, 2047, 272, 253, 2250, 342, 12320, 285, 4886, 253, 2250, 2112, 387, 247, 5272, 13870, 15, 380, 897, 273, 3440, 285, 15632, 387, 253, 990, 273, 1016, 769, 16318, 253, 6323, 14138, 13, 3798, 7701, 528, 13, 1614, 275, 253, 7484, 13, 16682, 671, 11850, 816, 253, 987, 17478, 10541, 15, 187, 187, 2512, 369, 1077, 5799, 285, 7000, 1894, 5837, 273, 1016, 2554, 13, 342, 1016, 5248, 3558, 37695, 616, 2554, 15, 1876, 4307, 1892, 281, 23233, 1495, 715, 752, 812, 320, 2581, 581, 15759, 390, 5777, 14166, 49225, 5810, 15, 15699, 253, 3275, 4352, 4555, 253, 987, 1708, 14, 32928, 10541, 3058, 323, 253, 2144, 15, 1707, 497, 1335, 247, 1643, 892, 25776, 3104, 285, 9506, 273, 11649, 28, 6742, 812, 452, 644, 247, 2372, 17614, 468, 281, 1663, 23806, 512, 253, 33350, 15, 187, 187, 35, 972, 2205, 322, 437, 313, 41, 886, 25642, 308, 4894, 10, 1160, 253, 954, 273, 253, 2554, 13, 617, 5777, 1766, 3296, 757, 28067, 285, 502, 41988, 21162, 285, 27965, 6639, 7738, 247, 4677, 17965, 625, 21690, 685, 253, 19497, 14537, 254, 285, 13867, 254, 273, 8248, 326, 369, 617, 1894, 15, 22165, 496, 5943, 369, 9090, 1907, 247, 17916, 347, 253, 13460, 272, 3833, 784, 285, 1077, 2986, 3277, 41319, 5682, 265, 11448, 13, 271, 8523, 794, 1894, 326, 17837, 13, 751, 690, 2571, 13, 9606, 432, 253, 581, 14, 6967, 1895, 15, 9309, 466, 10734, 33718, 369, 13943, 347, 253, 419, 18628, 12705, 90, 44772, 13, 253, 8010, 342, 247, 1643, 24866, 598, 521, 22910, 13, 347, 369, 24131, 90, 21709, 11448, 347, 38881, 66, 20146, 13, 253, 8406, 273, 6617, 14459, 342, 625, 685, 247, 1643, 5697, 273, 617, 1211, 15, 187, 187, 1552, 369, 247, 794, 285, 25945, 7237, 13, 2684, 342, 30942, 80, 285, 11847, 407, 253, 5516, 934, 32392, 15, 187, 187, 44, 6950, 6625, 1665, 187, 187, 2422, 1911, 249, 1108, 4565, 4240, 187, 187, 1145, 3236, 285, 11755, 6001, 3400, 512, 253, 3309, 12696, 323, 247, 806, 14, 2437, 285, 22936, 3275, 273, 436, 8530, 45817, 391, 3544, 281, 45092, 17005, 15, 187, 187, 21784, 296, 272, 342, 17325, 285, 5304, 2136, 13, 23633, 273, 39407, 319, 4867, 266, 2364, 13, 12051, 31622, 12349, 31622, 285, 253, 767, 5628, 47670, 14745, 313, 42039, 14, 45318, 14, 56, 543, 285, 16251, 14, 45318, 14, 49, 543, 582, 627, 310, 24904, 5107, 323, 8446, 11497, 13, 37551, 19982, 285, 5899, 20018, 297, 553, 794, 15, 187, 187, 49, 5630, 708, 5729, 6881, 547, 1108, 4163, 4240, 187, 187, 1552, 17005, 273, 2389, 285, 2193, 5369, 3502, 275, 253, 966, 14, 23739, 5854, 273, 253, 3563, 1283, 394, 5331, 15, 380, 2620, 20931, 292, 18903, 1108, 1690, 2266, 14, 88, 2591, 12694, 285, 2872, 418, 32922, 1108, 452, 644, 5439, 407 ]

use of the auditorium space. A couple of technical glitches with sound and a few fluffed lines aside, the show was already pretty much bedded in and will certainly develop and iron out any little kinks with subsequent performances. The scenery was cleverly done, and the design of the magic mirror was particularly impressive. There was some great use of lighting, particularly for Avarice, the wicked queen, and the costumes were magnificent. The production was well cast, and the company’s enthusiasm and enjoyment were contagious. Andrea Swemmer made an impressive baddy as the wicked Queen Avarice, dressed in a wonderful concoction of a costume that must be the envy of others in the evil queen costume stakes. The way she haughtily stalked up the auditorium was a delight. Snow White (Tara Barton-Leigh) – dressed as a very recognisable Disney princess – and the Prince (Susan Barton-Leigh) made a charming central couple and sang their roles with aplomb. The new comedy duo of Judge Quill (Tim Hughes) and his side-kick/scribe Scribbles (Lita Buckley), here as an effete eighteenth-century dandy and his rather clumsy assistant, were a welcome addition to the cast. The seven dwarfs all had distinct characters and each actor gave an endearing performance of their role. For the madcap antics, all credit should go to Beverley Sell as Edna and Jay Skyler Wright as Chuckles, who had a real rapport with the audience and worked hard to get them involved, even if the first night audience was somewhat reticent and subdued. Edna’s rendition of the song Moves Like Jagger was one of the high points of the evening. Great fun. Karen Robson The Clove Thief – September 2018 The Glove Thief – Hamble Players Youth Theatre Set in 1569, Beth Flintoff’s fascinating play focuses on the story of three of the most powerful women of the day – Elizabeth I, Queen of England, her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, and Beth of Hardwicke, once the richest woman in England, and the person chosen by Elizabeth to play host or jailor to Mary – as told by Rose, the glove thief of the title, who finds herself used by Beth to spy on Mary. Slyly subverting historical narratives and representatives of gender, and with many modern resonances, the play presents these characters as strong women well able to succeed in the male dominated world of power and politics. Indeed, these are women who can turn the feminine and seemingly harmless pastime of embroidery into a dangerous and subversive act. The stark black set, with its brick panels and depictions of the signatures of the two queens (based on examples found in historical documents) created the perfect backdrop for the action. It helped enhance the sense of intrigue that was part of the narrative thread of the story. It also focused attention on the characters and dialogue, an excellent decision given that both were so worthy of attention. The direction was tight, choreographing the action very well and drawing out the subtleties of the narrative to its full degree. Despite many scene changes, the production kept its pace and momentum, carefully building the sense of intrigue as the story unfolded. There was a good use of lighting and the costumes, although not slavish in trying to recreate the period, worked wonderfully in their depictions of the various characters. The production was favoured by a strong cast of young players who continue to develop and grow with each show and all gave good performances. Eloise Green was particularly affecting as the pragmatic yet slightly haunted Beth of Hardwicke, while Jasmine Mould was in impressive form as a fittingly regal Elizabeth I. Isabelle Whitcher showed why Mary was considered so charming and charismatic. Georgie Burton finely illustrated the subtleties and dangerous qualities of the spymaster Lord Walsingham. The cast managed the complexities and nuances of what was a fairly wordy script with great confidence, although perhaps there could have been a degree greater projection of voices at certain points, particularly amongst the narrators in the final scene when they were speaking over music. Overall an interesting piece of theatre, performed with skill and commitment. Karen Robson Cheshire Cats – July 2018 Review Funny, honest and authentic, with something of an emotional punch, Gail Young’s play tackled a potentially tricky subject in an unfussy but sensitive manner. Ostensibly this was the tale of the Cheshire Cats team of Hilary, Siobhan, Vicky, Yvonne and Maggie, and their eleventh-hour replacement for the sixth member of the team, as they took part in a cancer charity fundraising Moonwalk in London. But it also took time to explore the lives of these 5 women, enabling us to learn more about their motivation for participating, a dramatic and sometimes poignant counterbalance to the comic bickering of this group of friends. The production was simply staged, with the minimum of props. It moved at an excellent pace and the constant changes of scene in act 2 were managed in an interesting and dynamic way. Great use was made of the stage and auditorium spaces, together with lighting and music, and the production was pitch perfect in capturing the euphoria and camaraderie of such charity events. The five women characters – Vicky (Beverly Sell), Maggie (Jillian Wildgoose), Hilary (Kristy Hepworth), Siobhan (Amanda Evans) and Yvonne (Sue Barton-Leigh) – were well drawn and strongly acted. There was a real dynamic spark and believable sense of camaraderie between the characters. Some lovely comic acting was counterbalanced by the poignancy of the soliloquies of Hilary and in particular the final one of Maggie. The use of the soliloquy was a clever and effective device that permitted the audience a glimpse of the real person behind the façade and added to the sense of authenticity of the writing. Peter Revis was in fine form as Andrew the eventual sixth member of the team, revealed to have considerably more hidden depths than to the charming joker to whom we are initially introduced. The supporting cast all enjoyed their moments, with the race marshals Madge and Emma in particular making their mark. For anyone who travels by train, the running joke of the all too recognisable train announcement that became unintelligible at all the crucial moments was also something to enjoy. This was a fun and moving play that celebrated the endeavours of ordinary people undertaking extraordinary things. It deserves to be celebrated by a somewhat larger audience than that of the football world cup semi-final night. Karen Robson Prepare to Meet Thy Tomb – April 2018 This comic thriller by Norman Robbins completes the trilogy of plays about the Tomb family, a family of professional or, as it turns out, not so professional, assassins who are described as playing together and slaying together. The evening provided a heady mix of over the top characters in a spoof with murder mystery and enough plot twists and double crossings to avoid any sense of the predictable. The nicely designed set – the sitting room at Monument House, a country house in Norfolk – captured perfectly the atmosphere and Gothic undertones needed for the story. Director Sheila Barker maintained a firm grip on the proceedings, choreographing the action with precision and moving the action along at a reasonable pace. The use of music and lighting at the end of each act highlighted the latest dramatic, usually murderous, turn in the plot, whilst also maintaining just the right comic tone. There was very distinct and detailed characterisation of each role, with each cast member owning their role. All worked hard to breathe life into what could be rather one dimensional or slightly stereotypical characters. Overall the production hit exactly the right light-hearted tone needed for the material. There were still a few fluffed lines and moments of uncertainty; delivery could have been a bit sharper to really nail all the laughs. Beverley Sell (Hecuba Tomb) made the most of the role, her slightly bohemian costume and clanking beads and bracelets suggesting a figure altogether more benign than the keen poisoner and disposer of bodies that was her character. Wayne Ings was obviously having a blast as the vainglorious and very camp Quentin Danesworth, an initially fun character that nevertheless, like some others, suffered from the one-dimensional problem. Georgie Ray Burton was impressive as the hapless Antony Strickland, the PA with a few tricks up his sleeve, as was Kristy Hepworth as Phillipa Collins, the writer of crime fiction with more than a few ideas of her own. This was a fun and entertaining evening, performed with gusto and commitment by the Hamble Players. Karen Robson Aladdin – December 2017 An original and funny script provides all the necessary ingredients for a first-class and spectacular production of this famous Oriental rags to riches tale. Bursting with comedy and visual business, courtesy of Widow Twankey, Wishee Washee and the two Chinese Policemen (Yu-Dun-Wong and Hu-Dun-Pong), there is ample opportunity for audience participation, slapstick and traditional pantomime fun. Pride & Prejudice – July 2017 This tale of love and values unfolds in the class-conscious England of the late 18th century. The five Bennet sisters – including strong-willed Elizabeth and young Lydia – have been raised by

[ 9486, 4228, 966, 40684, 5330, 8725, 714, 1596, 5330, 551, 535, 50274, 4387, 40684, 5330, 9, 2776, 3935, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 12185, 9, 8559, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 9677, 187, 50274, 4387, 714, 1596, 5330, 755, 33460, 1082, 551, 187, 50272, 2309, 3635, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50274, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 50276, 187, 94, 187, 50, 27, 187, 187, 10004, 272, 391, 28208, 28465, 20077, 432, 247, 873, 273, 295, 3603, 187, 187, 510, 1953, 309, 452, 310, 347, 3637, 27, 187, 187, 39418, 326, 368, 452, 271, 370, 79, 30775, 10531, 873, 370, 54, 5, 285, 326, 368, 3609, 370, 83, 5, 3907, 3632, 20077, 187, 50276, 5, 34, 64, 18, 13, 964, 964, 964, 1157, 329, 64, 83, 3384, 221, 213, 530, 1352, 1876, 370, 34, 64, 74, 5, 403, 6777, 594, 326, 512, 370, 19, 63, 79, 5, 187, 50276, 4039, 1271, 403, 9696, 2779, 15, 45947, 313, 249, 247, 2969, 187, 50276, 13784, 830, 10, 253, 5912, 326, 253, 370, 34, 64, 74, 5, 403, 28208, 28465, 15, 187, 187, 3220, 3177, 27, 187, 3220, 806, 1869, 369, 281, 897, 27131, 1981, 3904, 273, 253, 1273, 2238, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 1953, 2506, 626, 1333, 326, 253, 8083, 273, 512, 20077, 943, 320, 253, 2862, 873, 13, 594, 326, 2506, 626, 789, 15, 187, 9301, 309, 3597, 281, 513, 3066, 15496, 15, 844, 452, 281, 5206, 370, 83, 5, 20077, 432, 247, 2264, 273, 370, 19, 63, 79, 5, 20077, 15, 1198, 253, 3410, 2317, 13, 359, 452, 326, 1016, 581, 273, 253, 370, 83, 5, 6887, 556, 370, 79, 5, 10165, 15, 1893, 13, 359, 452, 247, 2264, 273, 370, 19, 768, 23838, 724, 10165, 15, 187, 2214, 253, 4520, 1080, 13, 309, 9919, 436, 27, 4325, 253, 370, 19, 63, 79, 5, 20077, 13, 5206, 581, 15, 831, 476, 320, 2218, 275, 370, 19, 63, 79, 393, 27271, 337, 5, 1039, 13, 285, 840, 253, 1273, 275, 370, 19, 63, 79, 14, 18, 393, 27271, 337, 5, 285, 594, 327, 7357, 359, 3609, 370, 83, 5, 20077, 15, 1723, 13, 309, 25436, 326, 417, 512, 273, 253, 20077, 275, 436, 588, 320, 28208, 28465, 285, 309, 1833, 320, 689, 14, 5560, 272, 14517, 664, 476, 3609, 551, 18, 13, 19, 94, 275, 253, 806, 4327, 13, 551, 19, 13, 20, 94, 275, 253, 1273, 4327, 481, 209, 187, 2598, 13, 309, 717, 10960, 1060, 15, 209, 187, 42, 513, 452, 253, 2900, 13, 534, 4245, 253, 2900, 275, 2426, 273, 13887, 247, 370, 83, 393, 3181, 295, 5, 4315, 342, 370, 17, 5, 390, 370, 18, 5, 6898, 10939, 342, 5912, 370, 18, 16, 19, 5, 285, 534, 556, 387, 954, 581, 370, 18, 5, 275, 1046, 5084, 13, 534, 309, 717, 7591, 281, 2096, 15, 209, 187, 5804, 3095, 1361, 32, 187, 187, 34, 27, 187, 187, 1394, 971, 281, 1385, 253, 370, 83, 2911, 16853, 1868, 273, 20077, 3019, 34, 64, 18, 1337, 5589, 13, 34, 64, 83, 1009, 273, 370, 54, 5, 187, 3113, 253, 370, 34, 64, 74, 5, 28465, 15, 19296, 273, 841, 370, 34, 64, 74, 5, 187, 284, 12783, 275, 534, 368, 476, 4710, 253, 3603, 273, 370, 54, 1352, 187, 1466, 370, 86, 61, 249, 530, 1352, 2635, 50276, 5658, 476, 4710, 370, 86, 5, 715, 581, 273, 253, 370, 34, 64, 74, 1366, 390, 1978, 352, 187, 395, 417, 4710, 187, 262, 715, 667, 273, 253, 12783, 15, 1893, 368, 452, 370, 83, 12, 18, 5, 4610, 323, 370, 86, 1352, 1284, 370, 54, 5, 556, 370, 79, 5, 3603, 13, 187, 5658, 452, 3019, 83, 12, 18, 4800, 79, 5, 4610, 4583, 15, 535, 6930, 187, 475, 22885, 187, 1738, 187, 187, 6, 32387, 14, 4347, 12086, 551, 187, 50276, 4090, 14, 7436, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50276, 27745, 27, 7985, 28, 535, 50276, 15, 28834, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50276, 94, 187, 94, 187, 187, 15, 9511, 964, 31457, 14, 10146, 551, 187, 50276, 17333, 27, 374, 475, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 470, 28, 535, 50276, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 470, 28, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 7, 964, 31248, 551, 187, 50274, 8412, 27, 6520, 28, 187, 50274, 8623, 14, 15565, 27, 4055, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 535, 50272, 15, 2052, 18, 551, 2505, 14, 8623, 27, 4055, 28, 748, 187, 50272, 15, 2052, 19, 551, 3148, 27, 5293, 28, 748, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 2052, 18, 551, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 428, 740, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 23210, 27, 337, 337, 7288, 10543, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 2052, 19, 551, 187, 50272, 23210, 27, 337, 337, 5329, 10543, 187, 50272, 605, 32134, 275, 37180, 187, 50272, 605, 20389, 281, 1978, 253, 3186, 39458, 432, 1146, 48955, 187, 50272, 605, 5987, 1358, 9742, 27745, 15, 681, 16, 66, 16, 1093, 1036, 1976, 2082, 16, 1610, 2090, 30967, 187, 50272, 14, 20726, 14, 16702, 27, 16497, 59, 1490, 18, 3498, 558, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 15, 11264, 14, 10008, 551, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 337, 15, 1671, 28, 187, 50274, 4090, 14, 3429, 27, 37378, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 8255, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 370, 1156, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 370, 4793, 14, 4909, 14, 11807, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 4567, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 15, 11264, 14, 10008, 14, 11546, 551, 187, 50274, 15456, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 1227, 374, 470, 470, 28, 187, 50274, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 337, 15, 23, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1384, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 4897, 27, 370, 36277, 14, 1156, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 370, 4793, 14, 4909, 14, 11807, 28, 535, 50274, 66, 551, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 6712, 27, 18450, 28, 187, 50272, 4897, 27, 370, 36277, 14, 1156, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 608, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1283, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 187, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 15, 38211, 551, 187, 50274, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 28, 535, 50274, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 1384, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 66, 15, 8060, 551, 187, 50272, 17333, 27, 655, 3498, 3349, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 1156, 14, 16702, 27, 4627, 41810, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 11807, 27, 370, 4793, 14, 4909, 14, 11807, 28, 187, 50272, 8412, 27, 13866, 14, 6172, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1638, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 6712, 27, 18450, 28, 187, 50272, 15139, 14, 35215, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 535, 50272, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50270, 15456, 14, 1274, 27, 6753, 28, 187, 50270, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 6753, 28, 187, 50270, 8412, 27, 2972, 28, 187, 50270, 4090, 14, 3429, 27, 10257, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 94, 535, 50272, 7, 27, 7053, 14, 7003, 551, 187, 50270, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 1227, 374, 28, 187, 50270, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 3644, 257, 3914, 22374, 14, 4897, 13, 2030, 34649, 535, 50270, 33, 3709, 3420, 14, 7267, 3914, 251, 14, 17183, 78, 10, 551, 187, 50268, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 6753, 28, 187, 50268, 15456, 14, 10492, 27, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50272, 7, 27, 7053, 14, 7003, 27, 22424, 551, 187, 50270, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 3644, 257, 3914, 22374, 14, 4897, 13, 1458, 34649, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50272, 7, 27, 6275, 14, 7003, 551, 187, 50270, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 370, 18108, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50272, 7, 27, 6275, 14, 7003, 27, 22424, 551, 187, 50270, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1708, 257, 3914, 18108, 14, 4897, 13, 608, 34649, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50276, 94, 535, 50276, 15, 15004, 10735, 551, 187, 50274, 5, 5564, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 2082, 25953, 37, 28, 187, 50274, 5, 14224, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 36, 1619, 3655, 39, 28, 535, 50274, 15456, 27, 470, 6753, 28, 187, 50274, 3429, 27, 16176, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 7436, 27, 20156, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 17333, 27, 884, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 3364, 14, 84, 3006, 27, 5680, 14, 3364, 28, 187, 50274, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 374, 3498, 28, 187, 50274, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1852, 10914, 10914, 18446, 28, 187, 50274, 3321, 27, 4103, 28, 187, 50274, 16702, 14, 4826, 27, 14003, 14, 20, 69, 28, 187, 50274, 3364, 14, 20644, 27, 470, 1458, 3498, 4791, 3498, 32267, 9, 17, 13, 470, 13, 470, 13, 470, 15, 18, 582, 470, 608, 3498, 1458, 3498, 32267, 9, 17, 13, 470, 13, 470, 13, 470, 15, 2922, 558, 535, 50274, 15, 88, 250, 506, 551, 187, 50272, 5, 3281, 27, 1052, 3498, 28, 535, 50272, 3321, 27, 7880, 28, 187, 50272, 3956, 27, 3925, 10543, 187, 50272, 1274, 27, 2456, 10543, 187, 50272, 44459, 27, 470, 15, 14521, 28, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 428, 370, 3281, 1227, 374, 28, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 1274, 27, 428, 370, 3281, 1227, 374, 28, 187, 50272, 3429, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50272, 7436, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50272, 11814, 27, 13955, 9688, 33692, 26094, 16, 31457, 16, 4123, 37281, 14, 88, 250, 506, 15, 22503, 10, 642, 14, 24712, 4055, 28, 187, 50272, 11814, 14, 3281, 27, 370, 3281, 6753, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 14224, 551, 187, 50272, 3364, 14, 84, 3006, 27, 5680, 14, 3364, 28, 187, 50272, 7436, 27, 2233, 10543, 187, 50272, 14224, 27, 577, 3498, 4891, 370, 14224, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 5564, 551, 187, 50272, 1156, 14, 16702, 27, 4627, 41810, 28, 187, 50272, 1156, 14, 8623, 27, 4055, 28, 187, 50272, 15139, 14, 35215, 27, 337, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1638, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 17333, 14, 3956, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 28, 187, 50272, 4897, 27, 1708, 257, 3914, 5564, 14, 4897, 13, 884, 34649, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 37734, 551, 187, 50272, 15456, 27, 370, 35215, 14, 8522, 428, 608, 3498, 5096, 3498, 28, 187, 50272, 14224, 14, 3956, 27, 374, 3498, 4891, 370, 14224, 14, 4897, 28, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 335, 551, 187, 50272, 3550, 14, 4826, 27, 5293, 28, 187, 50272, 15456, 14, 1274, 27, 3307, 3498, 28, 535, 50272, 965, 551, 187, 50270, 15456, 14, 3956, 27, 9743, 3498, 28, 187, 50270, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1283, 3498, 28, 187, 50270, 4897, 27, 370, 36277, 14, 1156, 14, 4897, 28, 535, 50270, 2551, 551, 187, 50268, 5, 3281, 27, 2164, 3498, 28, 535, 50268, 3429, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50268, 7436, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50268, 1282, 14, 7436, 27, 370, 3281, 28, 187, 50268, 15456, 14, 918, 27, 721, 3498, 28, 187, 50268, 26806, 14, 8623, 27, 428, 18, 3498, 28, 187, 50268, 8412, 27, 13866, 14, 6172, 28, 187, 50268, 14224, 14, 19731, 27, 370, 3281, 1227, 374, 28, 187, 50268, 11814, 14, 4897, 27, 1708, 257, 3914, 5564, 14, 4897, 13, 884, 34649, 187, 50268, 1156, 14, 8623, 27, 4055, 28, 535, 50268, 74, 15, 6855, 551, 187, 50266, 4909, 14, 3281, 27, 1249, 3498, 28, 187, 50266, 26806, 14, 8623, 27, 374, 3498, 28, 535, 50266, 7, 15, 6855, 14, 81, 21177, 551, 187, 50264, 26806, 14, 8623, 27, 495, 3498, 28, 187, 50266, 94, 187, 50268, 94, 187, 50270, 94, 187, 50272, 94, 187, 50274, 94, 535, 50274, 15, 88, 250, 506, 551, 187, 50272, 16702, 27, 16497, 59, 9, 740, 3498, 558, 187, 50274, 94 ]

private static class ContainerException extends YarnException { public ContainerException(String message) { super(message); } @Override public YarnException getCause() { return null; } } } Q: Selecting r pairwise disjoint subsets from a set of n elements The question I have is as follows: Assume that you have an $n$–element set $U$ and that you select $r$ independent random subsets $A_1, . . . , A_r ⊂ U$. All $A_i$ are chosen so that all $2^n$ choices are equally likely. Compute (in a simple closed form) the probability that the $A_i$ are pairwise disjoint. My attempt: My first thought was to use Stirling numbers of the second kind. However, the question doesn't say that the union of all subsets should be the entire set, so that doesn't work. Next I tried to do via counting. We have to choose $r$ subsets from a total of $2^n$ subsets. For the sample space, we have that each one of the $r$ positions has $n$ choices. So, we have a total of $2^{nr}$ choices. For the numerator, I attempted this: From the $2^n$ subsets, choose one. This can be done in $2^n \choose 1$ way, and then the second in $2^n-1 \choose 1$ and so on till we select $r$ subsets. However, I realised that not all of the subsets in this will be pairwise disjoint and I'll be over-counting.(we can select {1,2} in the first choice, {2,3} in the second choice). So, I am stuck here. I do have the solution, which gives the solution in terms of choosing a $r \times n$ matrix with $0$ or $1$ filled independently with probability $1/2$ and which has at most one $1$ in every column, which I am unable to understand. Can someone help? A: You want to count the $r$-tuples of subsets $(A_1,\ldots,A_r)$ of $U$ with the $A_i$ disjoint. Think of these $A_i$ as boxes in which you can throw the elements of $U$. Let $u\in U$. Then you can throw $u$ into one of the $A_i$, or keep it and not throw it into any of the boxes. So you have $r+1$ options for $u$. As $U$ has $n$ elements, you have $(r+1)^n$ options overall. /** * Hero */ %toc-expanded { max-height: none; overflow: visible; .expand { display: none; } } .home .lander-header { padding: 2 * $spacing-unit 0; @include media-query($on-palm) { padding: $spacing-unit 0; } & .columns { display: flex; align-items: center; @include media-query($on-palm) { display: block; .col1 { text-align: center; } .col2 { display: none; } } .col1 { margin-top: -10px; flex: 1 1 55%; } .col2 { flex: 1 1 45%; // Bug in Safari // Need to keep the search dropdown from being overlapped // https://stackoverflow.com/a/18167565/3369702 -webkit-transform: translateZ(-1px); } } .site-description { margin: 0; padding: 0; line-height: 1.35; max-width: 560px; font-size: 54px; color: $text-color; font-family: $base-font-family; @include media-query($on-palm) { font-size: 32px; } } .site-description-full { margin: $spacing-unit / 2 0 0; line-height: 1.6; font-size: 20px; color: $secondary-text-color; font-family: $base-font-family; a { font-weight: 700; color: $secondary-text-color; } @include media-query($on-palm) { margin-top: 5px; font-size: 18px; } } .controls { margin-top: $spacing-unit; @include media-query($on-palm) { margin-top: 20px; } a.button { padding: 19px 28px; text-transform: uppercase; font-family: $base-font-family; display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px; @include media-query($on-palm) { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display: block; max-width: 250px; } &:first-child { margin-right: $spacing-unit / 2; background-color: darken($brand-color, 25%); @include media-query($on-palm) { margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; } } &:first-child:hover { background-color: darken($brand-color, 15%); } &:last-child { background-color: $important-color; } &:last-child:hover { background-color: lighten($important-color, 5%); } } } .certificate { $title-color: #65647D; $border-color: #C2873F; margin: 0 auto; width: 350px; height: 450px; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; border-radius: 2px; background-color: #FDFDFB; position: relative; transform-style: preserve-3d; box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07); .wreath { $size: 200px; position: absolute; top: 60%; left: 50%; opacity: 0.025; margin-top: - $size / 2; margin-left: - $size / 2; width: $size; height: $size; background: transparent url(/assets/lander/laurel-wreath.svg) no-repeat center; background-size: $size auto; } .border { box-sizing: border-box; height: 100%; border: 4px solid $border-color; } .title { text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 14px; padding-top: $spacing-unit; color: lighten($title-color, 10%); } .separator { margin: $spacing-unit - 5px 80px; border-top: 2px solid $border-color; } ul { list-style: none; margin-left: 22px; li { margin-top: 62px; font-size: 18px; color: $secondary-text-color; span { $size: 24px; width: $size; height: $size; line-height: $size; margin-right: 6px; vertical-align: -1px; display: inline-block; border-radius: $size / 2; background-color: lighten($title-color, 10%); text-align: center; i.fa { font-size: 12px; vertical-align: 2px; &.fa-pencil { vertical-align: 3px; } } } } } .wreath { transform: translateZ(10px); }

[ 13, 751, 275, 19120, 18044, 4031, 74, 27406, 1780, 394, 13825, 313, 43, 5236, 10, 390, 4155, 280, 418, 484, 316, 444, 610, 783, 2056, 46784, 313, 52, 1843, 481, 187, 187, 34, 303, 273, 1246, 1263, 369, 281, 7472, 1880, 253, 3382, 4868, 9497, 4061, 1194, 476, 320, 9371, 323, 26690, 342, 1698, 2793, 275, 14755, 285, 275, 4323, 273, 500, 7858, 275, 6803, 285, 8667, 273, 1363, 15, 5488, 13, 359, 2429, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 342, 309, 4708, 13, 247, 9630, 1327, 14, 26681, 4968, 342, 3710, 11659, 275, 19170, 31747, 1497, 12127, 1254, 1311, 22, 1656, 23736, 273, 309, 4708, 342, 9497, 3871, 42, 369, 417, 2783, 1580, 10429, 342, 5460, 34512, 285, 4688, 2957, 3176, 39380, 2762, 327, 309, 4708, 1254, 1311, 22, 1656, 496, 2045, 2175, 13, 9497, 4061, 1194, 369, 1119, 281, 320, 9630, 285, 7996, 281, 1818, 285, 6296, 13, 32495, 253, 7794, 273, 2425, 285, 4408, 4723, 13, 4136, 14975, 281, 5724, 841, 767, 2515, 11794, 1254, 1311, 1010, 1092, 1008, 1311, 1036, 1656, 187, 187, 4041, 1774, 906, 273, 776, 1263, 310, 326, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 2692, 7126, 734, 14, 44094, 4345, 313, 48856, 1186, 30, 1186, 17, 15, 26, 2082, 10, 3907, 432, 12878, 434, 2793, 13, 3021, 24025, 1543, 273, 2045, 2175, 1254, 1311, 1012, 1656, 8079, 13, 359, 2692, 326, 253, 2670, 273, 253, 10429, 858, 417, 2818, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 13367, 534, 369, 1077, 1175, 671, 275, 3672, 751, 7623, 13, 2454, 13, 3564, 285, 4669, 13, 2834, 281, 7472, 285, 5183, 326, 642, 2173, 3733, 275, 14755, 390, 275, 500, 7858, 6803, 310, 3309, 281, 897, 436, 3382, 4968, 8069, 15, 187, 187, 688, 8667, 689, 673, 13, 359, 2540, 326, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 369, 9630, 275, 8871, 598, 2544, 275, 2728, 2425, 13, 347, 734, 14, 44094, 34860, 593, 369, 7126, 15, 5488, 13, 14141, 80, 3528, 42, 10575, 497, 5185, 342, 271, 7269, 4302, 824, 347, 309, 4708, 3103, 24025, 326, 436, 2969, 3382, 4968, 476, 320, 9371, 323, 8667, 2425, 275, 667, 29964, 4758, 15, 187, 187, 510, 9497, 3871, 42, 4723, 7103, 2692, 625, 22766, 1543, 347, 32207, 369, 1077, 1175, 313, 48856, 470, 15, 30715, 10, 533, 11041, 1783, 4860, 1698, 34860, 593, 875, 1174, 32930, 15, 496, 958, 13, 3738, 247, 2074, 9058, 875, 7363, 273, 1174, 32930, 369, 2540, 13, 597, 24315, 275, 2067, 2792, 15, 831, 778, 320, 10571, 5544, 407, 253, 1355, 1180, 273, 10429, 275, 690, 2133, 3672, 285, 407, 10183, 275, 9591, 2590, 14, 7317, 13812, 875, 7759, 273, 41424, 285, 38176, 13, 3164, 12208, 407, 43018, 434, 2793, 285, 5928, 273, 271, 4569, 3733, 15, 380, 1355, 10575, 2540, 275, 9497, 3871, 42, 7363, 689, 271, 3388, 273, 577, 575, 17348, 8, 673, 403, 3240, 1902, 494, 347, 352, 44995, 4942, 6474, 36476, 3386, 15, 187, 187, 15288, 4061, 1194, 513, 417, 2486, 253, 7103, 273, 14401, 307, 6473, 26683, 13, 824, 347, 5961, 22403, 1005, 13, 6036, 3310, 980, 13, 4275, 11219, 985, 10171, 3966, 15, 285, 556, 690, 7364, 671, 275, 15549, 2544, 275, 12861, 8090, 15, 399, 19278, 285, 31967, 4688, 9544, 347, 973, 347, 10942, 571, 13, 6616, 285, 5961, 10171, 476, 320, 8379, 6760, 407, 1029, 14, 18163, 30116, 18533, 13, 14478, 285, 13, 327, 2454, 13, 407, 17933, 1647, 1254, 1311, 26, 7254, 1311, 1012, 1656, 2053, 5657, 13, 5678, 342, 3382, 6803, 13, 778, 1361, 275, 625, 10799, 5426, 285, 8667, 273, 4408, 4723, 15, 187, 187, 36048, 13, 359, 5183, 326, 9497, 4061, 1194, 13, 1754, 327, 2969, 3382, 7103, 13, 2692, 1175, 13367, 275, 16344, 3939, 10429, 689, 673, 13, 275, 958, 1027, 3382, 2793, 275, 500, 7858, 858, 417, 4833, 3382, 31536, 275, 3939, 10429, 13, 1223, 275, 4723, 6803, 9497, 3871, 42, 369, 1679, 10799, 285, 417, 4336, 9630, 275, 8667, 4808, 2544, 15, 309, 4708, 5783, 281, 320, 247, 9371, 4968, 323, 15549, 2728, 2425, 285, 9630, 275, 8667, 10429, 689, 673, 15, 187, 187, 44908, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 22997, 273, 657, 14417, 187, 187, 30928, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 41051, 1025, 37019, 27292, 187, 187, 36602, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 37, 19278, 34512, 187, 187, 9308, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 10851, 304, 16977, 187, 187, 947, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 38, 610, 783, 785, 187, 187, 48856, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 43598, 317, 14407, 44541, 2434, 20246, 187, 187, 31249, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 688, 3804, 433, 20763, 78, 3756, 187, 187, 43, 7858, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 40700, 18044, 11629, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 187, 187, 15288, 4061, 1194, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 12599, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 18665, 6473, 23868, 16235, 187, 187, 15288, 3871, 42, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 12599, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 37019, 46327, 13193, 187, 187, 8316, 80, 3528, 42, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 37765, 11629, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 37019, 21907, 13193, 187, 187, 8643, 39, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 3220, 21592, 864, 25839, 353, 1171, 292, 300, 187, 187, 6229, 57, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 46, 678, 302, 18398, 366, 187, 187, 47, 16, 38, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 4257, 16, 3546, 14915, 264, 15411, 187, 187, 5414, 47, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 23064, 24836, 531, 187, 187, 52, 15, 37, 15, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 20842, 8397, 2492, 187, 187, 52, 1194, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 5623, 20976, 34512, 187, 187, 1267, 187, 187, 27, 50275, 52, 5914, 9544, 187, 187, 7845, 3057, 2488, 323, 941, 2748, 15, 187, 187, 4161, 9945, 281, 1363, 8, 6803, 285, 7482, 18520, 13, 401, 59, 9945, 281, 2216, 273, 253, 1263, 285, 7482, 18520, 13, 401, 55, 1160, 7605, 1783, 13, 17838, 9945, 281, 1363, 8, 6803, 285, 4159, 253, 7714, 285, 15509, 9945, 281, 2216, 273, 253, 1263, 13, 1363, 8, 6803, 285, 17265, 253, 7714, 15, 1876, 4477, 1239, 285, 7012, 253, 2457, 7714, 15, 187, 187, 39671, 9612, 285, 7578, 281, 10078, 1712, 21284, 18, 94, 187, 4578, 6428, 187, 187, 2302, 18035, 9612, 369, 3058, 1580, 9497, 4061, 1194, 285, 5461, 3756, 403, 4390, 275, 897, 275, 253, 10934, 6803, 273, 2151, 342, 11629, 1025, 322, 13147, 30463, 66, 15, 1876, 5014, 3534, 616, 8191, 7578, 281, 10078, 15, 187, 187, 9323, 290, 323, 9311, 1712, 21284, 19, 94, 187, 27240, 187, 187, 48, 2612, 1243, 15, 187, 187, 24163, 6284, 1712, 21284, 20, 94, 187, 26657, 187, 187, 510, 4477, 11165, 326, 597, 452, 642, 11771, 6284, 15, 187, 187, 33983, 434, 5838, 1712, 21284, 21, 94, 187, 1702, 187, 187, 45074, 13375, 4558, 9238, 342, 2743, 281, 26244, 3916, 275, 3863, 8115, 285, 15772, 37295, 15, 187, 2374, 619, 1039, 3729, 309, 6331, 275, 387, 18147, 16611, 13, 247, 3511, 7203, 309, 574, 644, 4495, 281, 2451, 562, 323, 247, 1048, 673, 15, 12526, 1955, 281, 9378, 7596, 309, 1904, 457, 85, 8722, 281, 755, 667, 1175, 7968, 273, 352, 13, 533, 627, 457, 84, 9828, 27381, 15, 309, 2210, 281, 253, 26250, 3066, 10427, 257, 35607, 13, 285, 2986, 264, 627, 594, 309, 812, 331, 19493, 896, 281, 253, 3889, 285, 1509, 562, 1293, 6276, 9825, 313, 66, 1364, 281, 6283, 4264, 667, 3511, 7203, 481, 733, 457, 84, 670, 247, 767, 13915, 27966, 1066, 281, 253, 1824, 432, 627, 13, 533, 352, 457, 84, 247, 5322, 27966, 15, 2058, 253, 29121, 309, 3047, 247, 359, 8189, 1711, 34408, 382, 285, 247, 1980, 5599, 665, 369, 34778, 562, 1066, 627, 313, 1200, 12155, 10, 1580, 344, 3663, 521, 2628, 15, 754, 2183, 479, 670, 849, 247, 10299, 10802, 574, 4102, 690, 949, 285, 6898, 275, 247, 2257, 273, 253, 24283, 13, 533, 344, 369, 2444, 281, 4076, 731, 562, 15, 1583, 497, 690, 1077, 5322, 24283, 6296, 15, 733, 457, 84, 3164, 581, 273, 253, 6815, 383, 3626, 3511, 29121, 309, 457, 306, 644, 281, 15, 1720, 34274, 281, 3780, 275, 253, 2170, 15, 187, 187, 510, 1735, 1388, 309, 574, 9355, 281, 4533, 598, 281, 14645, 10947, 285, 6830, 12394, 43417, 24515, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 3889, 369, 3782, 1442, 30043, 326, 1388, 13, 417, 19507, 715, 4446, 323, 247, 1223, 15, 831, 5486, 309, 5262, 954, 273, 253, 1388, 275, 3874, 2970, 253, 3889, 3261, 387, 594, 13, 18670, 13, 309, 5082, 457, 85, 2740, 1066, 275, 253, 13438, 15, 3808, 673, 327, 253, 4481, 326, 1388, 671, 12059, 619, 7408, 5827, 247, 2372, 13, 4560, 562, 326, 619, 12633, 651, 417, 320, 275, 31593, 8440, 326, 8849, 13, 285, 619, 3858, 665, 309, 369, 1469, 281, 564, 281, 18088, 342, 574, 32093, 616, 7408, 15, 1893, 625, 685, 247, 3618, 4409, 273, 619, 5827, 497, 439, 9367, 745, 2, 309, 3078, 281, 755, 896, 281, 3452, 91, 11155, 8791, 285, 12317, 598, 323, 8986, 13, 594, 436, 369, 4030, 15, 2752, 7408, 651, 1335, 320, 247, 1770, 1048, 407, 253, 673, 352, 369, 689, 15, 322, 7151, 2147, 670, 253, 3889, 285, 9049, 281, 1481, 1728, 309, 2624, 14645, 10947, 562, 273, 253, 7408, 285, 1160, 323, 29565, 34632, 3185, 13, 11525, 281, 21266, 13169, 457, 84, 1029, 1127, 8352, 40824, 5292, 15, 187, 187, 2374, 253, 1039, 281, 29565, 34632, 309, 858, 1089, 673, 281, 1614, 745, 253, 40874, 285, 8729, 2084, 715, 6956, 75, 1123, 3313, 3327, 4003, 323, 247, 2372, 2167, 15, 1244, 5006, 717, 309, 9995, 309, 858, 15, 309, 4352, 598, 253, 12891, 649, 10086, 22821, 601, 12221, 265, 428, 253, 2626, 10086, 383, 277, 14124, 275, 3729, 3968, 15, 309, 1694, 627, 816, 1078, 32712, 13, 285, 574, 253, 2644, 1659, 281, 4266, 15, 733, 369, 247, 22936, 13, 2761, 12435, 2793, 13, 253, 2238, 273, 2181, 326, 6569, 281, 479, 275, 253, 32321, 7208, 533, 1620, 4850, 1711, 285, 11359, 479, 3551, 896, 969, 285, 969, 15, 380, 2022, 277, 2517, 369, 5699, 13, 285, 309, 11346, 247, 1892, 1408, 281, 253, 1755, 840, 309, 816, 10416, 562, 13, 22802, 1066, 253, 277, 2517, 285, 21266, 896, 598, 390, 816, 7063, 285, 7487, 253, 8314, 40685, 15925, 32712, 323, 689, 271, 4964, 15, 309, 2335, 670, 247, 28126, 7963, 285, 39349, 619, 8034, 19500, 6568, 323, 352, 457, 84, 19876, 4433, 387, 26475, 253, 2032, 4936, 13707, 273, 253, 6200, 15, 9418, 3856, 428, 5747, 616, 35387, 428, 323, 634, 14657, 11284, 403, 690, 273, 619, 7583, 7963, 432, 253, 277, 14124, 15, 14660, 1284, 329, 18666, 45325, 187, 187, 510, 28722, 281, 10338, 2325, 1832, 187, 187, 34, 2257, 273, 2069, 309, 717, 2546, 752, 1694, 479, 715, 253, 2136, 273, 2403, 27125, 13, 3340, 13290, 5184, 27125, 285, 17845, 27125, 15, 380, 3662, 310, 3798, 581, 326, 309, 1663, 1053, 626, 871, 13, 984, 619, 390, 525, 267, 7342, 342, 3440, 1904, 626, 1265, 745, 342, 253, 4736, 273, 7552, 247, 7171, 24320, 15, 187, 187, 8116, 672, 309, 806, 3053, 9551, 4266, 281, 1132, 253, 18542, 387, 2363, 1903, 13, 309, 574, 581, 2022, 4736, 275, 2564, 13, 285, 326, 369, 281, 2794, 619, 1211, 24455, 23033, 3437, 285, 755, 352, 4546, 327, 411, 9744, 34, 5325, 15, 22, 13, 247, 6032, 24455, 5553, 4660, 275, 8068, 5274, 15, 187, 187, 42, 8899, 598, 11298, 281, 24455, 984, 619, 3392, 4546, 352, 512, 253, 673, 275, 253, 1113, 15, 754, 574, 1900, 3078, 281, 1132, 253, 18542, 5675, 598, 13, 533, 1620, 6311, 15, 2064, 8327, 4824, 327, 275, 479, 13, 285, 581, 1388, 309, 816, 23686, 598, 342, 247, 13195, 8327, 281, 3037, 15, 187, 187, 2598, 846, 13868, 598, 2583, 432, 619, 32301, 285, 38141, 619, 4651, 281, 1361, 479, 13, 309, 1694, 619, 806, 313, 6549, 10, 2120, 14, 10306, 15487, 323, 370, 938, 15, 187, 187, 1992, 1056, 247, 1048, 2926, 2159, 13, 309, 1313, 690, 952, 285, 7402, 598, 1146, 247, 629, 273, 247, 3961, 275, 253, 49254, 15, 844, 651, 1790, 1475, 512, 1388, 327, 19004, 11015, 285, 1924, 327, 619, 3331, 434, 3392, 434, 854, 3540, 11173, 12595, 15, 380, 8327, 8899, 13, 285, 6524, 309, 4425, 326, 309, 3078, 281, 452, 619, 1211, 11803, 835, 309, 812, 1924, 619, 14088, 23033, 24455, 6493, 672, 309, 3589, 626, 342, 253, 3961, 15, 187, 187, 4553, 2217, 1107, 273, 13868, 285, 11280, 6500, 5313, 407, 5313, 13, 309, 9288, 2217, 6500, 281, 1924, 619, 9575, 281, 3437, 15, 309 ]

, like in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Aim of present study was to evaluate whether the clinical score LoSCAT can be helpful for clinicians with low experience in scoring and in management of JLS in assessment and monitoring of patients. Furthermore, we compared mLoSSI with IRT, a reliable non-invasive tool with limited availability in pediatric rheumatology centers \[[@CR5]\]. Comparison of IRT with LoSDI was not considered since lesions with severe atrophy and fat loss appear falsely positive on IRT \[[@CR5]\]. In previous studies, LoSCAT was found to be reliable and sensitive to change and indeed, distinguishing the aspects of activity and tissue damage, allowed physicians to monitor these two conditions separately \[[@CR15], [@CR16]\]. One important result of our study is that mLoSSI showed excellent inter-observer agreement (ICC = 0.965) independent from physician's experience, thus confirming results of previous studies \[[@CR13]\]. Indeed, we showed that the site of the lesions did not affect mLoSSI reliability which was very good also in areas like neck, face, hands and feet, difficult to evaluate and demonstrated that no specific training in scoring or in JLS assessment is necessary to use this clinical tool effectively. In monitoring over time, we observed that mLoSSI was reliable in picking up changes in disease activity, as inter-observer concordance was excellent. Furthermore, mLoSSI variations were consistent with an advanced technology such as IRT therefore confirming that this simple clinical tool can be helpful for monitoring activity in any outpatient setting. The LoSDI damage evaluation showed more heterogeneous results as ICC was very good (ICC 0.774) but variance analysis indicated low concordance between examiners. In fact, although a similar trend between scores of examiners was observed, they differed in several points. This may be partially explained by the small number of lesions in some body areas and by difficulty in performing clear-cut distinction between degrees of DAT and SAT, probably influenced by clinician's experience and absence of an appropriate training. The small variations observed in LoSDI scores over an average of 4 months' time are quite expectable as it evaluates relatively stable cutaneous features. LoSCAT do not include the evaluation of extracutaneous manifestations, such as bone deformities, joint contractures, central nervous system involvement etc. and has some limitations also in detecting changes in deeper layers. Dermal and subcutaneous fat thickness as well as fascia, muscle and bone involvement can be successfully evaluated by high-frequency Doppler ultrasound, MRI and, on face, by CBCT \[[@CR9]--[@CR13]\]. These tools, combined with clinical assessment, may help in more precise definition and monitoring of tissue damage. Nevertheless, we demonstrated that LoSCAT, based on simple clinical evaluation, showed good reliability in evaluating active lesions over time, in fact different clinical experience in JLS did not influence clinical judgement in active lesions, while in damage assessment LoSDI was less precise and not completely reliable in monitoring skin changes. IRT confirmed to be a helpful tool for detecting disease activity and reliable in monitoring lesions over time. ANOVA : Analysis of Variance CSS : Computerized Skin Score DAT : Dermal atrophy DP : Depigmentation ER : Erythema ICC : Intraclass Correlation Coefficient IRT : Infrared Thermography JLS : Juvenile Localized Scleroderma LoSCAT : Localized Scleroderma Cutaneous Assessment Tool LoSDI : Localized Scleroderma Skin Damage Index mLoSSI : Modified Localized Scleroderma Skin Activity Index MMF : Mycophenolate Mofetil MTX : Methotrexate N/E : New/Enlarged lesion PDN : Prednisone S.D. : Standard Deviation SAT : Subcutaneous atrophy ST : Skin thickness Please contact author for data request. GF contributed to patients' assessment and draft revision, FZ contributed to design of the study and draft revision, FV made statistical analysis, AA contributed to patients' assessment and wrote the manuscript and GM contributed to design of the study, patients' assessment and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Ethics approval and consent to participate {#FPar1} ========================================== No ethics approval was needed since LoSCAT and thermography are currently in use in the routine assessment of children with Localized Scleroderma. All participants gave their informed consent to participate. Consent for publication {#FPar2} ======================= Obtained. Competing interests {#FPar3} =================== The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Publisher's Note {#FPar4} ================ Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. On my way North I stopped in at Deep Creek, a hot spring I had been meaning to check out for a long time. Unfortunately due to battery trouble I didn’t manage to get any good pictures of it, but there’s plentyonline. I came to the Springs via Bowen Ranch, and camped there so I could stumble back to the van and pass out without driving anywhere (a must to properly enjoy any hot spring). It’s about a two mile hike down to the water from there, but it’s a nice hike. At the springs I saw a weathered old nudist and a local guy who was camping out down there (shhh) since he lost his job. He told me about how a flash flood had recently some through and filled in a lot of the pools, but he was working to clean them out. They were some very nice pools indeed. It’s probably one of the nicest natural hot springs I’ve been to. Recommended to anyone in the area. The next day I had planned to roll up to Death Valley and possibly climb Telescope Peak. However, the van was particularly finicky that day, not shifting into drive for a while. This meant I spent most of the day in town getting the van looked at so, hopefully, I wouldn’t break down in the desert. Some time on the phone that day also altered my trip plans a bit, finding out that my folks would not be in Sedona that weekend, and my friends who I was going to go to Vegas with had canceled their trip. So more than a weeks worth of my plans were shaved off! I wanted to get back to Bozeman anyway and gear up for winter, so this was fine. My trip would still be a month long by the time it was over. Sketched about the van and excited to head home I cut Death Valley out of the trip and made for Flagstaff instead, hoping to climbing Arizona’s high point Mount Humphrey. On the way to Flagstaff I did find time to turn off the Interstate and jaunt into Mojave National Preserve for a bit though. And boy am I glad I did. I hit up the 600ft tall Kelso Dunes - the third tallest dunes in North America. I got there just before sunset, and had the whole place to myself. It was a spectacular, almost spiritual experience, the kind of thing that happens to me in the outdoors frequently but never gets old and keeps me coming back again and again. The main dune was huge, and I enjoyed a hard run to the top then I just hung out, jumping down the dune and climbing back up or just sitting and watching the ridiculously brilliant sunset for over an hour. I took about a trillion photos and cursed my crappy camera for it’s epic failure at capturing the true grandeur of the scene. :) Here - despite their shortcomings - for your viewing pleasure are some of my favorite photos from the dunes.Life As A Beat Maker The Decision to Make Beats A lot of times I am asked what got me into the business of making beats, especially hip hop beats and rap beats. The answer is usually one that I really don't know, because my orignal goals with music didn't start off with the goal of becoming a beat maker. Back when I first started teaching myself to play the piano at age 11, I had one main goal in mind, and that was to create my own jazz instrumental CD and get it played on WNUA 95.5, a smooth jazz radio station in Chicago IL. I grew up listening to jazz because my father played it all the time in the car. He had always wanted to play the piano growing up, but never learned. That desire carried on in me, and one day I just woke up with a burning desire to learn. So after saving up money from my allowance and begging my parents to help me, I got my first (real) full-sized keyboard for $20. To make a long story short, I met some people and ended up being a part of a band in the attic. We would sit around all day on saturdays and record on my friend's father's 8 track tape deck. The desire grew, and eventually I decided that I wanted to have my own studio where I could record my solo instrumental jazz projects when I wasn't with the band. After enough years of saving and buying equipment piece by piece, I acquired enough equipment to record my songs to CD. I

[ 15408, 4324, 403, 5431, 3206, 275, 253, 7796, 273, 32909, 312, 13495, 12872, 326, 1347, 15783, 7601, 3470, 387, 1798, 47625, 8593, 15, 17273, 1475, 247, 6442, 59, 14, 3169, 32973, 4483, 253, 6474, 14536, 273, 18745, 4324, 285, 25222, 253, 2281, 285, 32422, 273, 2625, 28942, 1561, 253, 2570, 15, 3808, 6442, 59, 14, 15408, 4324, 403, 625, 23043, 13527, 275, 3268, 285, 778, 671, 320, 3206, 275, 253, 22003, 273, 18745, 4324, 1561, 253, 894, 15, 20, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 25318, 16, 19044, 1438, 1525, 187, 24408, 569, 273, 8967, 7424, 403, 247, 7936, 2425, 275, 3732, 23065, 15, 3900, 24842, 253, 2022, 1437, 369, 281, 15313, 512, 14, 27299, 11333, 824, 347, 6486, 3064, 13, 6486, 4644, 285, 6486, 3284, 3082, 323, 2317, 35132, 1320, 13, 14311, 463, 1253, 44, 29662, 285, 4872, 1554, 382, 554, 3082, 323, 673, 9554, 13, 275, 253, 1390, 2030, 1107, 253, 2770, 556, 14728, 281, 2714, 5971, 273, 8967, 7424, 285, 4096, 14, 20989, 11333, 326, 403, 27846, 281, 14003, 2714, 3386, 273, 1016, 966, 15, 831, 556, 1677, 6054, 281, 253, 747, 4910, 273, 17856, 10704, 9554, 285, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 1320, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 1146, 36878, 7899, 13, 841, 4460, 3082, 452, 253, 5750, 273, 671, 1146, 36143, 7899, 347, 597, 30686, 253, 2234, 8350, 3607, 273, 616, 19106, 21421, 15, 831, 556, 5486, 247, 1781, 14, 7527, 10199, 273, 17856, 285, 17597, 4680, 715, 4980, 10704, 23065, 15, 187, 10457, 436, 8249, 13521, 387, 253, 29222, 19608, 6516, 323, 34098, 13416, 13, 359, 588, 2953, 7936, 3533, 275, 253, 1673, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 5904, 273, 8967, 7424, 327, 28236, 275, 2317, 285, 673, 15, 844, 588, 3324, 2366, 767, 7888, 326, 452, 644, 23453, 616, 5859, 2112, 7529, 11411, 281, 19072, 25755, 29709, 84, 275, 690, 2201, 8249, 4893, 13, 534, 1067, 323, 7269, 10704, 9864, 5609, 15, 831, 588, 1421, 281, 253, 2440, 273, 247, 747, 5978, 273, 2317, 14, 2606, 35132, 5904, 323, 16483, 7424, 15, 187, 10457, 253, 13521, 359, 18607, 281, 1963, 885, 1264, 29561, 285, 767, 7106, 1263, 9894, 21692, 767, 3618, 327, 4236, 2898, 3672, 15, 187, 510, 5161, 16876, 273, 253, 13521, 403, 27, 187, 30616, 917, 35132, 5904, 15, 187, 7559, 7480, 10704, 9554, 15, 187, 34359, 23029, 285, 10704, 39241, 15, 187, 43432, 281, 30745, 275, 6318, 17823, 15, 1047, 1449, 9638, 9304, 13, 1668, 7659, 6247, 1668, 27, 3071, 27, 2640, 559, 1418, 21091, 13, 1722, 9218, 6247, 1638, 27, 2945, 27, 2941, 559, 28949, 561, 983, 14, 13821, 33, 1028, 84, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 25318, 16, 19044, 1438, 1525, 187, 2413, 1358, 43053, 15, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 262, 14124, 14, 5695, 16, 19569, 1671, 1012, 15, 11368, 2413, 1358, 16455, 15, 8716, 15, 49269, 15, 681, 16, 28094, 859, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 24408, 569, 273, 8967, 7424, 403, 247, 7936, 2425, 275, 3732, 23065, 15, 3900, 24842, 253, 2022, 1437, 369, 281, 15313, 512, 14, 27299, 11333, 824, 347, 6486, 3064, 13, 6486, 4644, 285, 6486, 3284, 3082, 323, 2317, 35132, 1320, 13, 14311, 463, 1253, 44, 29662, 285, 4872, 1554, 382, 554, 3082, 323, 673, 9554, 13, 275, 253, 1390, 2030, 1107, 253, 2770, 556, 14728, 281, 2714, 5971, 273, 8967, 7424, 285, 4096, 14, 20989, 11333, 326, 403, 27846, 281, 14003, 2714, 3386, 273, 1016, 966, 15, 831, 556, 1677, 6054, 281, 253, 747, 4910, 273, 17856, 10704, 9554, 285, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 1320, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 1146, 36878, 7899, 13, 841, 4460, 3082, 452, 253, 5750, 273, 671, 1146, 36143, 7899, 347, 597, 30686, 253, 2234, 8350, 3607, 273, 616, 19106, 21421, 15, 831, 556, 5486, 247, 1781, 14, 7527, 10199, 273, 17856, 285, 17597, 4680, 715, 4980, 10704, 23065, 15, 187, 10457, 436, 8249, 13521, 387, 253, 29222, 19608, 6516, 323, 34098, 13416, 13, 359, 588, 2953, 7936, 3533, 275, 253, 1673, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 5904, 273, 8967, 7424, 327, 28236, 275, 2317, 285, 673, 15, 844, 588, 3324, 2366, 767, 7888, 326, 452, 644, 23453, 616, 5859, 2112, 7529, 11411, 281, 19072, 25755, 29709, 84, 275, 690, 2201, 8249, 4893, 13, 534, 1067, 323, 7269, 10704, 9864, 5609, 15, 831, 588, 1421, 281, 253, 2440, 273, 247, 747, 5978, 273, 2317, 14, 2606, 35132, 5904, 323, 16483, 7424, 15, 187, 10457, 253, 13521, 359, 18607, 281, 1963, 885, 1264, 29561, 285, 767, 7106, 1263, 9894, 21692, 767, 3618, 327, 4236, 2898, 3672, 15, 187, 510, 5161, 16876, 273, 253, 13521, 403, 27, 187, 30616, 917, 35132, 5904, 15, 187, 7559, 7480, 10704, 9554, 15, 187, 34359, 23029, 285, 10704, 39241, 15, 187, 43432, 281, 30745, 275, 6318, 17823, 15, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 24408, 569, 273, 8967, 7424, 403, 247, 7936, 2425, 275, 3732, 23065, 15, 3900, 24842, 253, 2022, 1437, 369, 281, 15313, 512, 14, 27299, 11333, 824, 347, 6486, 3064, 13, 6486, 4644, 285, 6486, 3284, 3082, 323, 2317, 35132, 1320, 13, 14311, 463, 1253, 44, 29662, 285, 4872, 1554, 382, 554, 3082, 323, 673, 9554, 13, 275, 253, 1390, 2030, 1107, 253, 2770, 556, 14728, 281, 2714, 5971, 273, 8967, 7424, 285, 4096, 14, 20989, 11333, 326, 403, 27846, 281, 14003, 2714, 3386, 273, 1016, 966, 15, 831, 556, 1677, 6054, 281, 253, 747, 4910, 273, 17856, 10704, 9554, 285, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 1320, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 1146, 36878, 7899, 13, 841, 4460, 3082, 452, 253, 5750, 273, 671, 1146, 36143, 7899, 347, 597, 30686, 253, 2234, 8350, 3607, 273, 616, 19106, 21421, 15, 831, 556, 5486, 247, 1781, 14, 7527, 10199, 273, 17856, 285, 17597, 4680, 715, 4980, 10704, 23065, 15, 187, 10457, 436, 8249, 13521, 387, 253, 29222, 19608, 6516, 323, 34098, 13416, 13, 359, 588, 2953, 7936, 3533, 275, 253, 1673, 273, 2605, 24279, 35132, 5904, 273, 8967, 7424, 327, 28236, 275, 2317, 285, 673, 15, 844, 588, 3324, 2366, 767, 7888, 326, 452, 644, 23453, 616, 5859, 2112, 7529, 11411, 281, 19072, 25755, 29709, 84, 275, 690, 2201, 8249, 4893, 13, 534, 1067, 323, 7269, 10704, 9864, 5609, 15, 831, 588, 1421, 281, 253, 2440, 273, 247, 747, 5978, 273, 2317, 14, 2606, 35132, 5904, 323, 16483, 7424, 15, 187, 10457, 253, 13521, 359, 18607, 281, 1963, 885, 1264, 29561, 285, 767, 7106, 1263, 9894, 21692, 767, 3618, 327, 4236, 2898, 3672, 15, 187, 510, 5161, 16876, 273, 253, 13521, 403, 27, 187, 30616, 917, 35132, 5904, 15, 187, 7559, 7480, 10704, 9554, 15, 187, 34359, 23029, 285, 10704, 39241, 15, 187, 43432, 281, 30745, 275, 6318, 17823, 15, 33738, 2499, 44, 15, 611, 379, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 25318, 16, 19044, 1438, 1525, 43777, 13, 22862, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 15180, 8967, 7424, 9638, 14, 2922, 14, 1166, 53, 1047, 27, 2945, 27, 2941, 12, 520, 27, 361, 1042, 2894, 52, 28484, 3593, 2369, 11270, 1050, 775, 27584, 265, 275, 28161, 474, 5712, 18473, 1028, 84, 64, 84, 983, 64, 19044, 1438, 1525, 64, 21645, 805, 1036, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 8236, 16, 21645, 805, 1036, 187, 24408, 1050, 775, 27584, 265, 275, 28161, 474, 5712, 18473, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 187, 26788, 1884, 394, 4397, 6247, 428, 1668, 27, 361, 281, 1722, 27, 361, 9304, 13, 1884, 16925, 6247, 1722, 27, 1630, 27, 2950, 559, 28949, 48728, 317, 19608, 6516, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 2428, 19, 66, 3439, 71, 2357, 1438, 1525, 8632, 67, 47161, 19044, 68, 19, 70, 24, 66, 19, 5470, 1717, 2787, 12847, 26, 68, 20, 67, 26, 1812, 71, 23, 70, 2270, 71, 26, 71, 18, 69, 20, 67, 12352, 29288, 11238, 615, 23185, 1630, 70, 805, 70, 1610, 3141, 66, 15882, 832, 67, 22, 18393, 66, 30541, 12847, 42772, 25805, 70, 3571, 71, 43438, 2222, 67, 17, 71, 615, 25, 1671, 1047, 2526, 34307, 68, 20, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 187, 26788, 1884, 394, 4397, 6247, 428, 1668, 27, 361, 281, 1722, 27, 361, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 187, 26788, 1884, 394, 4397, 6247, 428, 1668, 27, 361, 281, 1722, 27, 361, 33738, 2499, 1839, 1449, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 8236, 16, 21645, 805, 1036, 11270, 1050, 775, 27584, 265, 275, 28161, 474, 5712, 18473, 35737, 263, 3750, 13, 401, 187, 26788, 1884, 394, 4397, 6247, 428, 1668, 27, 361, 281, 1722, 27, 361, 42, 588, 1918, 247, 4864, 18389, 273, 253, 690, 273, 253, 7881, 275, 15180, 2900, 273, 253, 21003, 1673, 7424, 15, 42, 588, 840, 6266, 253, 4114, 2228, 38171, 5853, 13, 4158, 281, 1581, 323, 625, 43245, 5919, 2900, 273, 15216, 835, 247, 1534, 5110, 273, 253, 5028, 310, 2810, 281, 247, 871, 13, 3242, 2900, 15, 1916, 7568, 13, 309, 588, 2319, 2898, 281, 32238, 20638, 273, 247, 4177, 407, 247, 2221, 14611, 422, 2806, 7793, 13, 285, 2175, 273, 2806, 7793, 2221, 4614, 5155, 15, 9638, 14, 2693, 14, 1229, 53, 1166, 27, 1630, 27, 2950, 12, 520, 27, 42861, 1449, 21645, 805, 1036, 5672, 1036, 89, 26, 71, 932, 15854, 8721, 400, 14417, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 10704, 3082, 28, 690, 2219, 285, 1859, 10801, 1028, 84, 64, 84, 983, 64, 19044, 1438, 1525, 64, 20207, 3079, 1166, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 8236, 16, 20207, 3079, 1166, 187, 7008, 400, 14417, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 10704, 3082, 28, 690, 2219, 285, 1859, 10801, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 187, 28781, 1903, 394, 4565, 6247, 428, 1458, 27, 1762, 281, 1458, 27, 1235, 9304, 13, 1668, 7659, 6247, 1668, 27, 3071, 27, 2640, 559, 1418, 48728, 317, 19608, 6516, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 68, 43995, 70, 17, 4989, 23, 71, 38586, 66, 33333, 1166, 24257, 71, 1706, 3655, 70, 21, 357, 22, 33648, 28899, 886, 2385, 1678, 22, 42815, 14576, 26, 71, 1093, 11316, 3141, 2251, 71, 24, 68, 25, 12352, 2357, 2320, 23, 12352, 1812, 12964, 31408, 71, 18, 886, 2357, 70, 24, 68, 23, 70, 35466, 25772, 70, 42082, 336, 68, 17726, 15781, 15882, 70, 2222, 68, 1229, 71, 17, 3342, 17048, 18, 71, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 187, 28781, 1903, 394, 4565, 6247, 428, 1458, 27, 1762, 281, 1458, 27, 1235, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 187, 28781, 1903, 394, 4565, 6247, 428, 1458, 27, 1762, 281, 1458, 27, 1235, 33738, 2499, 20, 20070, 2413, 1358, 84, 983, 15, 12583, 15, 317, 15, 2788, 16, 8236, 16, 20207, 3079, 1166, 8721, 400, 14417, 285, 2605, 23029, 275, 10704, 3082, 28, 690, 2219, 285, 1859, 10801, 47646, 445, 13, 378, 187, 28781, 1903, 394, 4565, 6247, 428, 1458, 27, 1762, 281, 1458, 27, 1235, 6067, 1127, 273, 16018, 310, 253, 4112, 672, 627, 310, 247, 1387, 273, 21257, 8534, 1097, 327, 776, 1895, 2317, 285, 327, 253, 2317, 275, 534, 776, 30745, 403, 4197, 15, 8721, 400, 14417, 6569, 672, 253, 3711, 432, 253, 1895, 2317, 281, 253, 13782, 2317, 13, 891, 15, 70, 15, 776, 10704, 1332, 13, 764, 2279, 342, 253, 1387, 2250, 15, 831, 310, 247, 2581, 2087, 285, 21248, 5426, 13, 533, 359, 3091, 1056, 352, 10799, 285, 1908, 247, 1643, 11859, 6667, 275, 253, 2312, 15, 496, 690, 2219, 13, 253, 32270, 14417, 2867, 310, 3626, 13, 275, 643, 2219, 352, 310, 1633, 326, 359, 971, 281, 16209, 275, 253, 10704, 1332, 275, 1340, 281, 4044, 15180, 15849, 342, 2176, 6799, 2605, 24279, 18701, 15, 6676, 273, 253, 6667, 359, 1246, 588, 320, 2905, 281, 253, 10704, 2900, 273, 8967, 7424, 285, 359, 778, 671, 1246, 690, 3332, 6667, 432, 13345, 11454, 6928, 285, 13358, 40369, 2718, 15, 831, 310, 789, 275, 4780, 285, 352, 10405, 3013, 690, 273, 253, 5697, 253, 14925, 556, 644, 16585, 342, 643, 5014, 436, 25986, 15, 9638, 14, 805, 14, 1036, 53, 1036, 27, 3071, 27, 2640, 12, 361, 27, 4838, 1166, 3245, 805, 3079, 1166, 5672, 1036, 89, 26, 71, 932, 15854, 4214, 5712, 18473, 27, 2596, 15204, 387, 247, 6865, 1028, 84, 64, 84, 983, 64, 19044 ]

containing proteins are typically involved in the assembly of supramolecular complexes that perform localized signaling functions at particular subcellular locations. Organization around a PDZ-based scaffold allows the stable localization of interacting proteins and enhances the rate and fidelity of signal transduction within the complex. Some PDZ-containing proteins are more dynamically regulated in distribution and may also be involved in the trafficking of interacting proteins within the cell.3 Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equationshttp://sms.cam.ac.uk/collection/3028099 Computations of differential equations are a fundamental activity in applied mathematics. While historically the main quest was to derive all-purpose algorithms such as finite difference, finite volume and finite element methods for space discretization, Runge–Kutta and linear multistep methods for time integration, in the last 25 years the focus has shifted to special classes of differential equations and purpose-built algorithms that are tailored to preserve special features of each class. This has given rise to the new fields of geometric numerical integration and of structure preserving discretization. In addition to being quantitatively accurate, these novel methods have the advantage of also being qualitatively accurate as they inherit the key structural properties of their continuum counterparts. This has meant a large-scale introduction of geometric and topological thinking into modern numerical mathematics. During this scientific programme at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, we will address fundamental questions in the field of structure preserving discretizations of differential equations on manifolds in space and time. We will bring together two communities that have been pursuing their science along parallel tracks to endeavour breakthroughs in some major scientific applications, which call for advanced numerical simulation techniques. This will lead to the development of a new generation of space-time discretizations for evolutionary equations. During the programme we intend to organise three workshops and two focused study periods lasting two weeks on selected application areas. The core themes of the programme are: Compatible discretizations. Geometric numerical integration. Structure preservation and numerical relativity. Applications to computations in quantum mechanics.14402019Mon, 16 Dec 2019 16:06:02 +0000Wed, 17 Jul 2019 14:42:03 [email protected] Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equationshttp://sms.cam.ac.uk/collection/3028099 http://rss.sms.cam.ac.uk/itunes-image/3103513.jpghttp://video.search.yahoo.com/mrss Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equationsComputations of differential equations are a fundamental activity in applied mathematics. While historically the main quest was to derive all-purpose algorithms such as finite difference, finite volume and finite element methods for space discretization, Runge–Kutta and linear multistep methods for time integration, in the last 25 years the focus has shifted to special classes of differential equations and purpose-built algorithms that are tailored to preserve special features of each class. This has given rise to the new fields of geometric numerical integration and of structure preserving discretization. In addition to being quantitatively accurate, these novel methods have the advantage of also being qualitatively accurate as they inherit the key structural properties of their continuum counterparts. This has meant a large-scale introduction of geometric and topological thinking into modern numerical mathematics. During this scientific programme at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, we will address fundamental questions in the field of structure preserving discretizations of differential equations on manifolds in space and time. We will bring together two communities that have been pursuing their science along parallel tracks to endeavour breakthroughs in some major scientific applications, which call for advanced numerical simulation techniques. This will lead to the development of a new generation of space-time discretizations for evolutionary equations. During the programme we intend to organise three workshops and two focused study periods lasting two weeks on selected application areas. The core themes of the programme are: Compatible discretizations. Geometric numerical integration. Structure preservation and numerical relativity. Applications to computations in quantum mechanics. Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equationsComputations of differential equations are a fundamental activity in applied mathematics. While historically the main quest was to derive all-purpose algorithms such as finite difference, finite volume and finite element methods for space discretization, Runge–Kutta and linear multistep methods for time integration, in the last 25 years the focus has shifted to special classes of differential equations and purpose-built algorithms that are tailored to preserve special features of each class. This has given rise to the new fields of geometric numerical integration and of structure preserving discretization. In addition to being quantitatively accurate, these novel methods have the advantage of also being qualitatively accurate as they inherit the key structural properties of their continuum counterparts. This has meant a large-scale introduction of geometric and topological thinking into modern numerical mathematics. During this scientific programme at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, we will address fundamental questions in the field of structure preserving discretizations of differential equations on manifolds in space and time. We will bring together two communities that have been pursuing their science along parallel tracks to endeavour breakthroughs in some major scientific applications, which call for advanced numerical simulation techniques. This will lead to the development of a new generation of space-time discretizations for evolutionary equations. During the programme we intend to organise three workshops and two focused study periods lasting two weeks on selected application areas. The core themes of the programme are: Compatible discretizations. Geometric numerical integration. Structure preservation and numerical relativity. Applications to computations in quantum mechanics.Cambridge UniversityK. Kherhttp://sms.cam.ac.uk/collection/3028099 Geometry, compatibility and structure preservation in computational differential equations2019-07-17T14:42:03+01:00INIMS002281no Computational Challenges in Numerical Relativityucs_sms_3028099_3071216http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/3071216 Computational Challenges in Numerical RelativityPretorius, F Monday 30th September 2019 - 16:00 to 17:00Mon, 30 Sep 2019 17:27:46 +0100Isaac Newton InstitutePretorius, Fcd2a54f778099decb614302c2e7a2db2979bc9c3b936f6e90f9f1d3bdc806104de29727e12e3378a157efb5ecea058bc545608e63f66795b0fde8351466994c3Pretorius, F Monday 30th September 2019 - 16:00 to 17:00Pretorius, F Monday 30th September 2019 - 16:00 to 17:00Cambridge University3840http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/3071216 Computational Challenges in Numerical RelativityPretorius, F Monday 30th September 2019 - 16:00 to 17:00I will give a brief overview of the some of the challenges in computational solution of the Einstein field equations.I will then describe the background error subtraction technique, designed to allow for more computationally efficient solution of scenarios where a significant portion of the domain is close to a know, exact solution. To demonstrate, I will discuss application to tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole, and studies of black hole superradiance.2019-09-30T17:27:46+01:0038403071216true16x9falseno Equivariance and structure preservation in numerical methods; some cases and viewpointsucs_sms_3028099_3124317http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/3124317 Equivariance and structure preservation in numerical methods; some cases and viewpointsOwren, B Wednesday 11th December 2019 - 15:05 to 15:50Mon, 16 Dec 2019 16:06:02 +0000Isaac Newton InstituteOwren, Bc564e0df6f840a57617334f3473e4ab5908282ec48dd5793ea9f18cb7867f7c8dc77af6dc36fc473f1ec77e7c6e556366e536cec195204157e95c30f0bf0261fOwren, B Wednesday 11th December 2019 - 15:05 to 15:50Owren, B Wednesday 11th December 2019 - 15:05 to 15:50Cambridge University3178http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/3124317 Equivariance and structure preservation in numerical methods; some cases and viewpointsOwren, B Wednesday 11th December 2019 - 15:05 to 15:50Our point of departure is the situation when there is a group of transformations acting both on our problem space and on the space in which our computations are produced. Equivariance happens when the map from the problem space to the computation space, i.e. our numerical method, commutes with the group action. This is a rather general and vague definition, but we shall make it precise and consider a few concrete examples in the talk. In some cases, the equivariance property is natural, in other cases it is something that we want to impose in the numerical method in order to obtain computational schemes with certain desired structure preserving qualities. Many of the examples we present will be related to the numerical solution of differential equations and we may also present some recent examples from artificial neural networks and discrete integrable systems. This is work in progress and it summarises some of the ideas the speaker has been discussing with other participants this autumn.2019-12-16T16:06:02+00:0031783124317true16x9falseno General Relativity: One Block at a Timeucs_sms_302

[ 253, 954, 1774, 34067, 275, 253, 2644, 33283, 273, 2516, 1128, 255, 1878, 323, 619, 2798, 15, 773, 1394, 2550, 2868, 275, 7670, 604, 368, 634, 5230, 8327, 310, 281, 320, 26108, 407, 643, 952, 1425, 39523, 387, 697, 5161, 310, 253, 45671, 323, 1966, 9612, 15, 1244, 7670, 310, 3981, 326, 604, 15555, 310, 387, 253, 5230, 13, 6009, 476, 457, 85, 320, 387, 253, 5230, 15, 187, 187, 30235, 334, 387, 697, 5161, 310, 26896, 9995, 1255, 275, 253, 2656, 273, 14426, 15, 733, 457, 84, 417, 8877, 407, 253, 878, 281, 17337, 1966, 19916, 15, 733, 310, 8877, 407, 247, 31115, 11010, 326, 2656, 310, 323, 441, 672, 359, 17337, 642, 19916, 387, 512, 15, 773, 1231, 452, 2326, 521, 18735, 13, 18735, 347, 273, 253, 760, 11832, 432, 253, 10956, 13, 2120, 273, 14426, 285, 5083, 15, 964, 964, 964, 1244, 432, 521, 2120, 1255, 359, 452, 512, 2959, 13, 14426, 2220, 14426, 668, 313, 8732, 337, 27, 1047, 13, 1668, 481, 187, 187, 2773, 310, 752, 253, 13189, 273, 7670, 858, 417, 923, 285, 858, 417, 452, 15, 1583, 574, 417, 2568, 644, 5686, 969, 15, 380, 5230, 273, 616, 11010, 369, 253, 19916, 273, 637, 13, 417, 253, 14426, 273, 2656, 15, 2064, 457, 84, 752, 2516, 5486, 275, 23252, 608, 672, 344, 753, 326, 7670, 457, 13189, 858, 417, 2868, 275, 779, 15, 187, 187, 510, 914, 31815, 273, 253, 22211, 1397, 187, 187, 7371, 10316, 441, 1024, 275, 11196, 13, 285, 1077, 13366, 13, 281, 253, 440, 31815, 273, 253, 9556, 24597, 15, 1680, 253, 5230, 273, 616, 440, 31815, 253, 1072, 32, 309, 1158, 352, 310, 15, 6295, 452, 1881, 14, 911, 2711, 318, 387, 253, 5004, 273, 616, 11010, 15, 831, 310, 752, 4245, 731, 13212, 15, 380, 13189, 273, 7670, 23321, 352, 949, 521, 28065, 14, 21107, 15, 380, 9556, 24597, 23321, 352, 949, 1569, 14, 23492, 15, 380, 13189, 1766, 12457, 275, 253, 44776, 273, 616, 4929, 15, 380, 24597, 1766, 12457, 275, 616, 7562, 253, 1569, 273, 2656, 15, 496, 1097, 2219, 13, 253, 5230, 273, 11010, 13, 253, 5230, 273, 8453, 13, 310, 253, 19916, 26214, 1881, 13, 417, 253, 2656, 273, 14426, 15, 187, 187, 7745, 387, 253, 990, 273, 23252, 3495, 27, 773, 15, 964, 964, 403, 368, 11790, 342, 479, 984, 327, 253, 322, 44872, 309, 1160, 247, 637, 457, 84, 2644, 2133, 973, 7721, 6279, 597, 497, 15, 4965, 610, 2217, 281, 971, 779, 3846, 15, 6049, 32, 7670, 4245, 253, 3662, 275, 23252, 655, 27, 773, 15413, 417, 25084, 1677, 368, 253, 1569, 32, 9110, 5293, 273, 368, 11359, 253, 1569, 1425, 187, 187, 510, 330, 4638, 8036, 273, 5405, 14, 9499, 10413, 187, 187, 3726, 1750, 281, 871, 253, 1569, 13, 285, 597, 45577, 7670, 273, 1146, 247, 1569, 14, 49619, 323, 13255, 327, 253, 322, 44872, 15, 1292, 7670, 2296, 13, 773, 11336, 273, 368, 11359, 253, 1569, 1425, 7670, 457, 1495, 285, 3000, 403, 6789, 616, 2644, 4685, 273, 1569, 14, 23492, 715, 1953, 15, 7160, 2644, 4495, 275, 1495, 15, 7160, 1039, 273, 4560, 14924, 285, 10418, 318, 285, 9612, 285, 19916, 15, 733, 369, 512, 1531, 24886, 762, 253, 2801, 273, 14426, 285, 5083, 313, 8732, 337, 27, 1166, 481, 773, 2042, 368, 574, 1929, 752, 436, 2097, 13, 2802, 42, 8327, 23661, 13, 285, 417, 17789, 15933, 368, 651, 417, 452, 26212, 253, 15457, 1417, 668, 313, 42208, 1249, 27, 24, 481, 187, 187, 510, 5230, 273, 616, 440, 31815, 310, 253, 1072, 347, 7670, 457, 13189, 457, 440, 31815, 15, 1198, 253, 13189, 13, 253, 44776, 273, 7670, 476, 755, 731, 1966, 19916, 15, 1198, 253, 24597, 13, 253, 44776, 273, 7670, 29138, 616, 1966, 19916, 15, 36745, 689, 1097, 751, 247, 1270, 17612, 403, 253, 3000, 273, 2516, 608, 27, 2031, 27, 773, 2347, 476, 368, 2868, 13, 672, 368, 4763, 18735, 432, 581, 1529, 285, 513, 417, 7703, 253, 18735, 326, 3249, 432, 253, 760, 2656, 7721, 187, 187, 41, 19493, 36977, 1255, 275, 253, 2656, 273, 18966, 187, 187, 17756, 13, 849, 943, 359, 12518, 323, 9361, 285, 323, 1110, 359, 2389, 32, 844, 943, 12518, 326, 13, 672, 359, 1239, 273, 7670, 275, 253, 443, 2161, 1241, 13, 390, 4089, 670, 779, 13, 326, 359, 651, 320, 2104, 281, 1333, 342, 2516, 432, 253, 2798, 27, 773, 1231, 452, 2326, 521, 18735, 13, 18735, 347, 273, 253, 760, 11832, 432, 253, 10956, 13, 2120, 273, 14426, 285, 5083, 15, 964, 964, 964, 1244, 432, 521, 2120, 1255, 359, 452, 512, 2959, 13, 14426, 2220, 14426, 668, 313, 8732, 337, 27, 1047, 1253, 1036, 481, 187, 187, 8457, 15555, 13, 387, 697, 5161, 13, 310, 253, 18235, 273, 14426, 285, 253, 45671, 323, 1966, 9612, 15, 1244, 6009, 13, 387, 697, 5161, 13, 310, 25813, 272, 273, 1966, 9612, 285, 1146, 9995, 275, 253, 2656, 273, 14426, 15, 187, 187, 8732, 16617, 468, 12626, 8732, 10314, 468, 10, 310, 15217, 285, 9732, 273, 711, 4261, 13618, 15, 2061, 285, 45803, 273, 22169, 282, 3296, 6822, 708, 13740, 2767, 15, 1198, 5922, 1107, 13, 344, 5608, 347, 30654, 273, 22169, 282, 3296, 30021, 6412, 13, 32635, 13, 14748, 15, 754, 310, 2488, 273, 625, 685, 2456, 5098, 15, 187, 187, 18281, 253, 20614, 2, 1422, 403, 11460, 285, 14659, 281, 18302, 285, 16969, 436, 2144, 275, 3520, 830, 13, 275, 697, 25983, 390, 275, 440, 267, 3606, 32491, 84, 13, 347, 1048, 347, 368, 513, 417, 4179, 247, 9801, 15, 1198, 16920, 3909, 13, 4496, 897, 760, 440, 267, 3606, 32491, 84, 313, 1439, 253, 2600, 275, 697, 25983, 10, 285, 2085, 247, 4373, 4492, 281, 436, 3239, 15, 1198, 10556, 13, 4496, 8473, 432, 253, 3236, 2603, 15, 6101, 16022, 281, 253, 1840, 1364, 320, 7012, 407, 3666, 4261, 2656, 15, 50, 27, 187, 187, 2347, 281, 755, 5113, 281, 8071, 281, 26847, 275, 40825, 375, 19, 37, 32, 187, 187, 47292, 13, 594, 309, 1353, 4983, 281, 3037, 625, 670, 330, 16856, 19, 37, 13, 533, 309, 1353, 26702, 1315, 8976, 456, 15, 50276, 34, 2257, 273, 253, 40727, 309, 452, 1119, 403, 323, 36761, 9508, 273, 253, 2127, 13, 594, 672, 309, 1007, 949, 285, 923, 849, 597, 513, 2176, 1841, 13, 309, 476, 626, 16497, 352, 715, 619, 1211, 2086, 13, 984, 247, 2257, 556, 4391, 15, 50276, 3378, 326, 1146, 753, 13, 309, 717, 2444, 275, 253, 6323, 2715, 273, 330, 16856, 19, 69, 13, 2715, 470, 15, 1525, 15, 187, 1276, 309, 971, 281, 513, 310, 2794, 247, 42994, 327, 253, 3601, 313, 34739, 10, 285, 840, 672, 309, 5181, 326, 42994, 13, 309, 476, 452, 346, 17873, 3, 5108, 15, 50276, 2214, 1024, 13, 1339, 434, 816, 1056, 271, 10028, 564, 745, 15, 50276, 4125, 13, 309, 1694, 436, 2127, 2444, 342, 253, 1361, 273, 247, 3331, 15, 50276, 4943, 310, 253, 10478, 1873, 27, 187, 605, 2091, 368, 1395, 436, 1873, 13, 368, 1395, 512, 253, 9285, 375, 19, 69, 5971, 187, 4, 2948, 346, 39354, 375, 19, 69, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 605, 24387, 14947, 35368, 187, 33, 15049, 24387, 14947, 1163, 39756, 4071, 187, 92, 187, 330, 46121, 653, 17229, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 605, 6548, 247, 45258, 326, 4428, 253, 24387, 14947, 347, 253, 760, 1429, 187, 18958, 301, 10, 6200, 28, 187, 187, 33, 423, 187, 187, 1898, 1060, 310, 253, 7092, 1873, 27, 187, 605, 187, 605, 9285, 375, 19, 69, 24387, 3645, 1650, 187, 605, 3944, 1358, 2700, 15, 39354, 375, 19, 69, 14, 16372, 531, 15, 2061, 187, 605, 187, 187, 605, 16912, 253, 19069, 187, 4, 2948, 346, 12092, 14947, 34925, 15, 73, 3, 187, 4, 2948, 346, 13510, 2648, 6910, 15, 73, 3, 187, 187, 605, 24387, 14947, 7092, 187, 33, 39595, 24387, 14947, 187, 187, 18958, 301, 10, 6200, 187, 92, 187, 1380, 686, 32280, 8, 310, 271, 47694, 3621, 1789, 15, 187, 12992, 34925, 475, 32280, 426, 544, 2648, 34925, 4666, 2194, 535, 1380, 686, 12026, 8, 310, 271, 47694, 3621, 1789, 15, 187, 24387, 14947, 475, 12026, 426, 544, 12092, 14947, 4666, 2194, 535, 1380, 823, 3828, 347, 247, 1429, 281, 6200, 187, 544, 32280, 823, 10371, 27, 3828, 2194, 535, 1380, 1091, 253, 6200, 187, 1091, 6200, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 605, 327, 346, 4478, 3, 368, 878, 281, 26641, 634, 4227, 187, 8422, 301, 10, 2012, 187, 92, 187, 1380, 1900, 1067, 346, 12185, 3, 2012, 187, 1380, 8217, 32636, 281, 294, 14, 28704, 346, 1286, 3, 342, 253, 346, 12185, 3, 1091, 1318, 187, 604, 9, 313, 1286, 20879, 12185, 2012, 62, 39705, 551, 535, 50276, 605, 2794, 285, 26641, 247, 24527, 187, 50276, 2648, 11495, 11, 5203, 426, 544, 2648, 11495, 5203, 3378, 2776, 25731, 12092, 3645, 3, 8266, 2402, 25731, 27555, 1457, 8370, 3, 8266, 5496, 27, 1540, 2194, 535, 50276, 605, 1642, 6423, 253, 253, 3497, 1979, 187, 50276, 10206, 5496, 1979, 426, 8605, 2648, 29150, 6096, 29150, 62, 3330, 5496, 2194, 535, 50276, 605, 1899, 253, 5203, 327, 253, 4055, 273, 253, 3601, 187, 50276, 1968, 15, 3321, 426, 50276, 550, 81, 9, 1979, 15, 3429, 1227, 19, 1157, 1979, 15, 7436, 16, 19, 5349, 535, 50276, 605, 823, 253, 5203, 347, 247, 1429, 281, 436, 35368, 187, 50276, 60, 1286, 823, 10371, 27, 5203, 2194, 535, 50276, 2648, 39023, 614, 475, 1033, 426, 544, 2648, 39023, 614, 42994, 3378, 4505, 25731, 2566, 19, 15, 8567, 28571, 535, 50276, 1033, 15, 3321, 426, 260, 7693, 9, 7554, 13, 1518, 558, 187, 50276, 60, 1286, 823, 10371, 27, 1033, 2194, 187, 50276, 9599, 259, 426, 544, 1033, 2600, 5496, 1570, 3429, 28, 187, 50276, 9599, 288, 426, 544, 1033, 2600, 5496, 1570, 7436, 28, 187, 50276, 10206, 8682, 247, 8682, 426, 16944, 8682, 13325, 8850, 1033, 1899, 1570, 89, 428, 313, 88, 16, 19, 582, 544, 1033, 1899, 1570, 90, 428, 313, 73, 16, 19, 4027, 187, 50276, 1033, 17229, 426, 330, 46121, 13325, 9, 66, 8682, 15, 89, 13, 247, 8682, 15, 90, 13, 259, 13, 288, 558, 535, 50276, 2648, 39023, 614, 475, 1033, 3852, 19, 426, 544, 2648, 39023, 614, 42994, 3378, 4505, 25731, 2566, 20, 15, 8567, 28571, 187, 50276, 1033, 3852, 19, 15, 3321, 426, 260, 7693, 9, 2313, 13, 2313, 558, 187, 50276, 60, 1286, 823, 10371, 27, 1033, 3852, 19, 2194, 535, 50276, 605, 60, 1286, 8749, 3378, 29330, 46453, 2194, 187, 50276, 1286, 15, 261, 29330, 19157, 426, 22487, 28, 535, 748, 187, 1091, 1881, 28, 187, 94, 187, 187, 605, 327, 346, 615, 10835, 3, 368, 878, 281, 3727, 512, 634, 14667, 5113, 187, 14, 313, 4353, 10, 372, 10835, 187, 92, 187, 1380, 275, 1083, 368, 452, 1633, 281, 372, 10835, 13, 513, 352, 275, 436, 1332, 187, 1380, 275, 436, 1798, 1650, 2717, 3198, 281, 320, 4439, 15, 187, 1380, 9285, 375, 19, 69, 588, 8356, 3727, 512, 253, 2151, 313, 11495, 10, 535, 1380, 1053, 626, 7740, 281, 1067, 346, 12185, 372, 10835, 3, 187, 544, 12185, 372, 10835, 2194, 187, 94, 187, 187, 14, 313, 4353, 10, 550, 53, 276, 2706, 7689, 264, 10477, 47, 3528, 292, 9657, 85, 276, 2706, 342, 5949, 10477, 9571, 5949, 9657, 8045, 551, 187, 50276, 41270, 9764, 475, 30713, 426, 544, 85, 276, 2706, 667, 4241, 2194, 187, 50276, 605, 10206, 8682, 4328, 426, 8605, 2648, 29150, 6096, 29150, 62, 6455, 6869, 18293, 21382, 30713, 4328, 688, 3145, 27, 30713, 15, 1374, 44270, 187, 16944, 8682, 4328, 426, 544, 30713, 4328, 688, 3145, 21382, 30713, 1859, 44270, 535, 4328, 426, 8605, 2648, 29150, 6096, 29150, 62, 6455, 1992, 5990, 27, 12428, 2194, 187, 604, 313, 36, 46121, 36693, 8682, 9, 1033, 17229, 13, 4328, 1228, 551, 187, 50276, 9571, 33388, 3145, 475, 26544, 426, 8605, 9571, 33388, 3145, 9771, 62, 187, 50269, 4478, 3378, 13408, 25731, 18220, 3, 187, 50269, 8559, 25731, 19462, 3, 187, 50269, 43663, 27, 18789, 14002, 8880, 13408, 25731, 536, 333, 3, 187, 50269, 977, 8880, 53, 262, 868, 27, 18789, 2194, 535, 50276, 60, 26544, 921, 2194, 187, 50276, 60, 26544, 3727, 2194, 187, 50276, 4883, 6800, 38217, 53, 2185, 2775, 1410, 3287, 187, 748, 187, 6640, 6800, 38217, 29330, 1694, 3287, 187, 187, 94, 187, 187, 6436, 13, 436, 760, 2987, 323, 337, 1789, 13, 253, 42994 ]

the most important verses in the whole Gospel of John—at least for my heart. “You cannot believe in Jesus if you your root desire is to be praised by other people.” Pride at its core is the craving for human approval. And Jesus is saying that if pride is at the root, faith can’t be at the root. Faith at its core is humble gladness in the God of grace. It’s not driven by the need to deserve human praise. It is driven by a thankful joy that God is for us when we deserve no praise at all. “We have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth. . . . And from his fullness we have all received, grace upon grace” (John 1:14, 16). That is what the brothers of Jesus did not see and did not have. They had not yet been born again. The root of their joy was the praise of man, not the grace of God. That’s what John meant in verse 5 when he said that Jesus’ brothers did not believe in him. The Unbelief of the Crowds Which brings us now in closing, and very briefly, to the unbelief of the Jewish crowds. Is the root of their unbelief the same? I think it is. Both have self-exaltation at the bottom of their joy. This is what gives them satisfaction. The brothers of Jesus pursued it through his miracle-working. The Jewish crowds pursued it through law-keeping. The brothers boasted in the miracles of their brother. The crowds boasted in their keeping the law of God. In both cases, the root of joy, the root of significance, is the praiseworthy self, not the God of grace. Look at the end of verse 23: “. . . are you angry with me because on the Sabbath I made a man’s whole body well?” Yes they were. Angry enough to want him dead. Why? Jesus gives the answer in verse 19: “Has not Moses given you the law? Yet none of you keeps the law.” The Crumbling of Law-Keeping They claim to know the law, and they accuse Jesus of being a law-breaker for healing on the Sabbath. But Jesus says, “None of you keeps the law.” Jesus’ life and words are calling their whole understanding of law-keeping into question. Their whole meaning in life. Their way of finding acceptance and affirmation and approval and praise. It was all crumbling under the weight of grace and truth (John 1:17). “If you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless” (Matthew 12:7). The root of their unbelief is the same as Jesus’ brothers’ unbelief. For the brothers, the miracles of Jesus can get them human praise. For the crowds, the miracles of Jesus threaten their human praise. Written over both like a great indictment are the words of John 5:44: “How can you believe, when you receive glory from one another and do not seek the glory that comes from the only God?” Humble Gladness in the God of Grace Therefore, how should we pray for ourselves and for those we love? We should pray that, when we read of Jesus in the Gospels, or hear about him, that we would be able to say with John from the heart: “We have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth. . . . And from his fullness we have all received, grace upon grace” (John 1:14–16). Because pride, at its core, is the rejection of grace and the craving for human approval. And faith, at its core, is despairing of human approval and being glad in the God of grace. John Piper (@JohnPiper) is founder and teacher of desiringGod.org and chancellor of Bethlehem College & Seminary. For 33 years, he served as pastor of Bethlehem Baptist Church, Minneapolis, Minnesota. He is author of more than 50 books. Share the Joy! You are permitted and encouraged to reproduce and distribute this material in physical form, in its entirety or in unaltered excerpts, as long as you do not charge a fee. For posting online, please use only unaltered excerpts (not the content in its entirety) and provide a hyperlink to this page. For videos, please embed from the original source. Any exceptions to the above must be approved by Desiring God.Q: How to get objects to react to touches in Cocos2D? Alright, so I'm starting to learn more about Coco2D, but I'm kinda frusterated. A lot of the tutorials I have found are for outdated versions of the code, so when I look through and see how they do certain things, I can't translate it into my own program, because a lot has changed. With that being said, I am working in the latest version of Coco2d, version 0.99. What I want to do is create a sprite on the screen (Done) and then when I touch that sprite, I can have "something" happen. For now, let's just make an alert go off. Now, I got this code working with the help of a friend. Here is the header file: // When you import this file, you import all the cocos2d classes #import "cocos2d.h" // HelloWorld Layer @interface HelloWorld : CCLayer { CGRect spRect; } // returns a Scene that contains the HelloWorld as the only child +(id) scene; @end And here is the implementation file: // // cocos2d Hello World example // http://www.cocos2d-iphone.org // // Import the interfaces #import "HelloWorldScene.h" #import "CustomCCNode.h" // HelloWorld implementation @implementation HelloWorld +(id) scene { // 'scene' is an autorelease object. CCScene *scene = [CCScene node]; // 'layer' is an autorelease object. HelloWorld *layer = [HelloWorld node]; // add layer as a child to scene [scene addChild: layer]; // return the scene return scene; } // on "init" you need to initialize your instance -(id) init { // always call "super" init // Apple recommends to re-assign "self" with the "super" return value if( (self=[super init] )) { // create and initialize a Label CCLabel* label = [CCLabel labelWithString:@"Hello World" fontName:@"Times New Roman" fontSize:64]; // ask director the the window size CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; // position the label on the center of the screen label.position = ccp( size.width /2 , size.height/2 ); // add the label as a child to this Layer [self addChild: label]; CCSprite *sp = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"test2.png"]; sp.position = ccp(300,200); [self addChild:sp]; float w = [sp contentSize].width; float h = [sp contentSize].height; CGPoint aPoint = CGPointMake([sp position].x - (w/2), [sp position].y - (h/2)); spRect = CGRectMake(aPoint.x, aPoint.y, w, h); CCSprite *sprite2 = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"test3.png"]; sprite2.position = ccp(100,100); [self addChild:sprite2]; //[self registerWithTouchDispatcher]; self.isTouchEnabled = YES; } return self; } // on "dealloc" you need to release all your retained objects - (void) dealloc { // in case you have something to dealloc, do it in this method // in this particular example nothing needs to be released. // cocos2d will automatically release all the children (Label) // don't forget to call "super dealloc" [super dealloc]; } - (void)ccTouchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; //CGPoint location = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertCoordinate:[touch locationInView:touch.view]]; CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:[touch view]]; location = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:location]; if (CGRectContainsPoint(spRect, location)) { UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Win" message:@"testing" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"okay" otherButtonTitles:nil]; [alert show]; [alert release]; NSLog(@"TOUCHES"); } NSLog(@"Touch got"); } However, this only works for 1 object, the sprite

[ 13, 309, 9428, 15, 6089, 13, 309, 1833, 320, 37032, 327, 840, 15, 1893, 1048, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 1394, 497, 3981, 670, 326, 806, 673, 368, 1313, 779, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 18412, 309, 32, 5531, 973, 13, 4754, 2464, 754, 12918, 969, 15, 686, 42, 1599, 368, 4571, 626, 2868, 795, 38185, 4414, 2752, 806, 1388, 27, 42735, 466, 7306, 357, 1257, 2335, 479, 1066, 627, 15, 844, 2218, 253, 16334, 407, 840, 15, 346, 4943, 937, 2296, 42735, 466, 13, 346, 6309, 581, 625, 2245, 273, 1067, 937, 285, 3936, 479, 30854, 281, 923, 24944, 15, 346, 1552, 310, 44261, 937, 344, 2296, 15, 346, 6300, 7416, 441, 275, 43968, 3398, 449, 1893, 840, 24944, 9727, 275, 2464, 44261, 2206, 1066, 327, 253, 1863, 35209, 6951, 12200, 253, 3369, 285, 18274, 896, 751, 253, 6793, 9165, 344, 1048, 264, 281, 320, 15, 686, 346, 9030, 515, 273, 256, 16210, 937, 344, 2296, 15, 844, 1472, 6326, 281, 320, 6079, 1060, 13, 533, 326, 1620, 28860, 24944, 28, 417, 326, 344, 27215, 2994, 13, 2564, 15, 346, 1231, 1364, 17019, 253, 747, 13024, 15, 1422, 1053, 626, 795, 4093, 64, 407, 667, 4839, 13, 513, 368, 13, 44261, 865, 346, 11564, 275, 253, 8158, 937, 309, 2296, 285, 359, 512, 452, 247, 5322, 9012, 15, 4568, 579, 2996, 323, 253, 40656, 13, 923, 27, 326, 1900, 17847, 731, 15, 15997, 268, 784, 21205, 13, 2305, 14089, 272, 13, 309, 1869, 15, 3105, 2716, 15, 346, 11778, 247, 43186, 13, 44261, 865, 1621, 6701, 15, 346, 34, 269, 356, 840, 865, 5037, 626, 2564, 604, 309, 513, 13, 2305, 14089, 272, 15, 1893, 840, 359, 1790, 627, 751, 247, 2257, 273, 277, 2824, 13, 4927, 2784, 776, 256, 16210, 13, 285, 309, 1353, 4680, 13, 346, 4497, 13, 309, 1364, 1333, 368, 1472, 3240, 253, 1652, 6963, 1475, 1060, 449, 45506, 10233, 13, 8115, 13, 23656, 964, 964, 964, 512, 253, 1140, 44977, 15, 10852, 743, 1063, 16481, 247, 2257, 273, 352, 562, 13, 2564, 13, 1078, 344, 1669, 15, 13104, 264, 13, 2716, 273, 352, 369, 15, 795, 45, 3669, 456, 64, 1157, 368, 871, 15, 6975, 275, 253, 1711, 29314, 318, 1897, 15, 346, 2598, 849, 403, 1841, 275, 4693, 13, 44261, 865, 344, 12325, 15, 346, 22242, 1199, 253, 1072, 309, 9428, 865, 9272, 1076, 479, 387, 619, 11990, 13, 19723, 90, 9359, 15, 346, 2773, 1711, 4474, 350, 387, 253, 2022, 3369, 27, 1335, 32219, 951, 342, 253, 13975, 15889, 49706, 13, 310, 344, 13, 44261, 865, 754, 1663, 2210, 352, 15, 346, 1898, 253, 10089, 19333, 27, 1335, 15632, 253, 10089, 19333, 1046, 4131, 13, 403, 597, 13, 44261, 865, 346, 4497, 937, 309, 2296, 13, 346, 9328, 1472, 417, 2509, 1512, 3076, 13, 533, 352, 434, 751, 3253, 2010, 13, 352, 3936, 697, 673, 449, 3808, 23550, 751, 326, 15, 346, 4013, 13, 21799, 13, 1663, 937, 344, 2296, 13, 346, 12157, 309, 574, 247, 4857, 432, 444, 10320, 8178, 615, 1257, 250, 760, 247, 1643, 2607, 896, 7746, 479, 597, 497, 8133, 275, 253, 4275, 12220, 15, 1244, 326, 1711, 787, 3136, 665, 908, 281, 12518, 327, 253, 5018, 273, 11057, 13728, 13, 1335, 627, 310, 344, 13, 44261, 13, 4131, 285, 2360, 13, 3981, 521, 24861, 32, 44205, 626, 1646, 281, 452, 2218, 441, 1199, 1175, 13, 1057, 344, 865, 309, 2028, 368, 27, 309, 369, 18236, 6789, 779, 8674, 15, 444, 10320, 8178, 615, 1257, 250, 369, 12318, 273, 6359, 4487, 407, 840, 13, 512, 873, 281, 320, 2656, 15, 1893, 840, 344, 3249, 327, 670, 253, 40656, 969, 285, 253, 13986, 1342, 285, 247, 1643, 643, 1841, 16280, 13, 2712, 344, 476, 513, 281, 1361, 13, 285, 672, 359, 755, 3345, 309, 1007, 387, 42735, 466, 7306, 357, 1257, 285, 42735, 466, 434, 795, 81, 739, 272, 64, 2994, 15, 33115, 11046, 598, 13, 42735, 466, 310, 15, 346, 4015, 80, 865, 344, 2296, 15, 346, 4015, 80, 32, 754, 434, 1620, 644, 3304, 253, 15839, 7454, 275, 521, 1495, 15, 754, 11210, 626, 1014, 644, 896, 281, 5854, 1580, 14327, 14, 12071, 449, 686, 44261, 9377, 745, 13, 18577, 521, 1481, 15, 686, 16812, 4117, 344, 6015, 13, 342, 271, 21909, 366, 9012, 13, 686, 5658, 476, 626, 13387, 779, 13, 476, 368, 5554, 754, 1694, 598, 15, 686, 1898, 309, 1599, 13, 359, 512, 3047, 949, 779, 13, 533, 359, 1335, 6497, 323, 352, 13, 1904, 626, 359, 32, 309, 1599, 15948, 285, 964, 964, 964, 309, 1599, 11648, 15, 733, 434, 751, 619, 44760, 4117, 344, 2879, 3365, 13, 686, 42, 871, 309, 1833, 1620, 755, 627, 13, 533, 309, 2868, 275, 352, 512, 253, 1072, 15, 309, 1599, 368, 452, 281, 1663, 964, 964, 964, 368, 4571, 626, 3153, 13, 417, 1293, 2853, 16723, 15, 3105, 1060, 2464, 187, 187, 33748, 521, 3564, 562, 273, 521, 278, 471, 565, 6934, 21371, 13, 20757, 15014, 806, 387, 44261, 285, 840, 387, 253, 5654, 33107, 2234, 275, 521, 1943, 19992, 13, 285, 344, 4455, 281, 320, 15070, 285, 440, 31572, 15, 187, 187, 8, 1276, 434, 42735, 466, 7306, 357, 1257, 434, 1180, 5554, 187, 187, 36, 1064, 9047, 342, 49861, 347, 344, 14287, 253, 11452, 13, 11901, 1070, 285, 3407, 5015, 15, 187, 187, 8, 3726, 1053, 626, 795, 23824, 64, 368, 281, 564, 327, 2819, 323, 779, 4117, 44261, 753, 16515, 8140, 15, 686, 42, 1053, 626, 1663, 1158, 597, 513, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 42, 1353, 417, 19867, 973, 2819, 323, 779, 13, 309, 1353, 1907, 11157, 342, 7306, 357, 1257, 285, 309, 1353, 23862, 253, 7237, 8630, 285, 2717, 327, 2656, 434, 6149, 651, 1978, 479, 275, 436, 7156, 3817, 323, 271, 4964, 3356, 685, 309, 878, 2464, 754, 31800, 1066, 253, 11452, 285, 33587, 264, 562, 273, 253, 2316, 15, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 3848, 418, 26707, 434, 3369, 369, 4618, 1527, 533, 521, 8597, 369, 6325, 15, 754, 4159, 247, 3877, 27, 686, 7865, 264, 275, 281, 1333, 33969, 15, 7088, 17034, 15, 17560, 20757, 4117, 285, 521, 1133, 369, 18577, 342, 12700, 285, 45244, 15, 496, 253, 16612, 13, 1355, 2390, 497, 618, 328, 22993, 715, 253, 23993, 281, 6008, 616, 37105, 390, 11157, 275, 253, 260, 7961, 257, 15, 380, 34358, 434, 21508, 84, 14, 35906, 336, 6225, 387, 253, 3369, 28, 253, 33352, 273, 3513, 562, 83, 5852, 13308, 46606, 15, 12146, 2084, 369, 24476, 272, 281, 31662, 319, 265, 387, 253, 2914, 8597, 285, 344, 6497, 8423, 7107, 347, 20757, 13781, 15, 187, 187, 8, 4943, 4117, 344, 753, 13, 35865, 779, 253, 17329, 15, 686, 4943, 434, 634, 13571, 2464, 3032, 2048, 753, 13, 686, 4125, 564, 896, 281, 835, 368, 5663, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 31777, 672, 368, 403, 13, 1711, 3347, 4117, 7306, 357, 1257, 18017, 432, 521, 41633, 12097, 273, 13862, 15, 686, 1394, 923, 2464, 187, 187, 11, 475, 475, 187, 187, 510, 3343, 398, 497, 7107, 285, 3768, 2920, 45696, 15, 7306, 357, 1257, 574, 2546, 323, 3802, 5351, 534, 344, 753, 497, 1077, 1175, 15, 380, 29318, 3379, 275, 616, 1652, 38055, 710, 2692, 703, 20640, 1397, 18792, 342, 295, 6011, 84, 13, 285, 627, 369, 816, 247, 14876, 273, 8214, 6868, 15, 187, 187, 8, 1394, 497, 342, 779, 326, 2360, 275, 330, 862, 570, 15, 380, 2360, 344, 1694, 715, 253, 3819, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 31087, 13339, 4117, 753, 7306, 357, 1257, 15, 686, 22582, 15, 3166, 368, 751, 1824, 5554, 344, 2546, 13, 285, 2879, 247, 1652, 281, 1016, 273, 616, 17543, 13, 533, 352, 369, 642, 625, 685, 247, 16024, 17914, 323, 253, 31864, 15, 686, 5498, 626, 871, 752, 2210, 689, 779, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 8917, 368, 2223, 564, 562, 342, 779, 5554, 187, 187, 1328, 30443, 22727, 2920, 285, 597, 27215, 15, 187, 187, 8, 2773, 369, 2620, 1107, 3622, 13, 368, 923, 15, 6393, 434, 3101, 369, 2853, 28, 4934, 327, 892, 462, 3390, 896, 281, 5854, 15, 309, 369, 247, 10583, 5261, 1017, 13, 594, 281, 3984, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 2598, 368, 1871, 7450, 745, 342, 24944, 13949, 28, 452, 247, 5484, 285, 24577, 247, 1643, 35614, 38718, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 7673, 390, 1679, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 688, 330, 862, 570, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 6812, 5102, 13, 1711, 5006, 4117, 753, 7306, 357, 1257, 15, 686, 1394, 1472, 751, 247, 19867, 11115, 2464, 754, 27215, 969, 285, 347, 253, 5484, 2427, 715, 779, 344, 11898, 751, 247, 4105, 43778, 37986, 3563, 15, 686, 13238, 4117, 344, 753, 15, 686, 1276, 247, 1388, 15, 2828, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 39090, 15202, 403, 1682, 275, 330, 862, 570, 13, 403, 597, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 1394, 476, 626, 513, 352, 795, 1568, 64, 1157, 1711, 5006, 4117, 7306, 357, 1257, 753, 342, 247, 11219, 1265, 15, 686, 3650, 5734, 368, 971, 281, 11598, 2716, 253, 7295, 15, 1422, 1849, 1694, 281, 320, 795, 25304, 90, 64, 10182, 275, 11228, 79, 2464, 754, 2879, 878, 13102, 13, 686, 795, 30456, 90, 64, 10182, 2464, 754, 47362, 521, 1481, 275, 4956, 16883, 15, 686, 36, 862, 570, 434, 253, 1805, 701, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 36011, 6838, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 5804, 626, 1056, 352, 13, 1711, 5006, 15, 3105, 323, 1107, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 1989, 24944, 2427, 323, 731, 13, 858, 344, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 1328, 10490, 253, 6838, 4117, 753, 7306, 357, 1257, 15, 187, 187, 8, 2598, 368, 2427, 281, 330, 862, 570, 326, 2360, 15, 5402, 4475, 369, 275, 5854, 13, 285, 368, 2427, 327, 253, 1218, 12610, 342, 24944, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 1231, 497, 816, 7063, 387, 247, 2829, 15, 3196, 10274, 13, 368, 923, 2464, 754, 18960, 253, 21850, 281, 253, 3159, 15, 686, 4015, 80, 369, 5015, 670, 253, 8663, 27, 4456, 1711, 594, 14, 395, 14, 601, 15, 2064, 2165, 15, 418, 3149, 253, 8663, 13, 24944, 858, 13, 7636, 352, 15, 14482, 452, 11791, 275, 13, 326, 434, 619, 5471, 15, 3105, 326, 597, 1871, 452, 574, 779, 13, 417, 347, 247, 3963, 15, 754, 3058, 253, 17518, 13, 275, 619, 4743, 15, 15520, 27545, 1663, 15, 6975, 479, 15, 733, 434, 512, 987, 672, 368, 1472, 2872, 13, 368, 1053, 626, 2564, 15, 733, 434, 1996, 15, 1583, 19336, 7085, 562, 273, 479, 387, 10648, 17861, 15, 17358, 15, 26713, 281, 2186, 253, 50156, 13, 1481, 275, 253, 31567, 13, 1223, 253, 19867, 638, 738, 84, 4352, 479, 15, 309, 1904, 626, 1557, 840, 15, 29084, 352, 369, 1495, 2464, 754, 1691, 247, 1133, 327, 20757, 434, 4430, 15, 686, 20598, 5006, 4117, 344, 18017, 15, 686, 42, 795, 73, 366, 64, 731, 1024, 15, 40713, 626, 871, 309, 574, 352, 275, 479, 15, 733, 434, 512, 1705, 281, 253, 2553, 15, 1198, 767, 23854, 309, 1871, 564, 896, 627, 285, 5310, 253, 7505, 7276, 15, 23921, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 8917, 368, 871, 779, 275, 253, 8663, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 2302, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 5872, 665, 497, 368, 29055, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 42, 6337, 2439, 779, 275, 253, 330, 10206, 247, 2372, 15, 6956, 2083, 864, 3129, 324, 16836, 15, 7874, 5901, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 3039, 344, 369, 327, 27120, 5554, 187, 187, 14201, 357, 1257, 434, 4884, 281, 21199, 369, 440, 79, 26368, 15, 6975, 521, 4454, 640, 344, 4455, 275, 690, 19796, 1039, 281, 3812, 253, 47964, 273, 521, 3361, 762, 247, 12107, 8135, 13, 285, 281, 7027, 16864, 1919, 253, 5434, 574, 4817, 15, 399, 25826, 521, 1481, 715, 521, 5253, 344, 4934, 352, 627, 13, 13574, 8154, 2147, 13, 1223, 344, 43517, 387, 20757, 342, 14863, 13, 21613, 264, 2927, 15, 187, 187, 8, 2598, 368, 497, 10678, 285, 5015, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 6300, 16092, 15, 21050, 272, 323, 253, 7674, 9668, 15, 309, 751, 247, 1175, 7674, 9668, 2464, 754, 39147, 1977, 715, 247, 21105, 14331, 2395, 273, 271, 3177, 344, 574, 1160, 2220, 247, 3226, 275, 42471, 327, 253, 8120, 273, 253, 1390, 7648, 10823, 8, 12651, 27, 686, 39, 6358, 1940, 4117, 344, 8884, 35731, 15, 686, 2019, 6785, 272, 689, 479, 751, 247, 19867, 28005, 285, 309, 4571, 626, 513, 247, 2181, 2464, 187, 187, 8, 2598, 253, 3819, 2210, 846, 253, 7674, 9668, 5554, 187, 187, 8, 8639 ]

, I suppose. Well, I'll be slipping on then. So long.' 'You were saying about that first time you met him.' 'Was I? Oh well, yes.' He laughed again. 'I mean you couldn't believe _anything_. My first day: Mickie Crabbe took me down there. We done the rounds by then. "Here," says Mickie, "just one more port of call," and takes me downstairs to see Leo. "This is Cork," he says. "Just joined us in Cyphers." So then Leo moves in.' Cork sat down on the swivel chair beside the door and leaned back like the rich executive he longed to be. ' "Glass of sherry," he says. We're supposed to be dry here, but that never bothered Leo; not that he drank himself, mind. "We must celebrate the new arrival. You don't _sing_ by any chance, do you, Cork?" "Only in the bath," I says and we all have a nice laugh. Recruiting for the choir, see: that always impressed them. Very pious gentleman, Mr Harting, I thought. Not half. "Have a cigar, Cork?" No thanks. "A fag then?" Don't mind if I do, Mr Harting. So then we sit there like a lot of dips, sipping our sherry, and I'm thinking, "Well, I must say you're quite the little king around here." Furniture, maps, carpet . . . all the trappings. Fred Anger cleared a lot of it out, mind, before he left. Nicked, half of it was. _Liberated_ , you know. Like in the old Occupation days. "So how are things in London, Cork?" he asks. "Everything much the same I suppose?" Putting me at my ease, cheeky sod. "That old porter at the main door: still saucy with the visiting Ambassadors, is he, Cork?" He really came it. "And the coal fires: still lighting the coal fires every morning, are they, Cork?" "Well," I says, "they're not doing too bad, but it's like everything else, it takes its time." Some crap like that. "Oh, ah, really," he says, "because I had a letter from Ewan Waldebere only a few months back telling me they were putting in the central heating. And that old bloke who used to pray on the steps of Number Ten, still there is he, Cork, morning and night, saying his prayers? Doesn't seem to have done us much good, does he?" I tell you: I was practically calling him sir. Ewan Waldebere was Head of Western Department by then, all set to be God. So then he comes on about the choir again and the Dutchman and a few other things besides, anything he can do to help, and when we get outside I look at Mickie Crabbe and Mickie's _pissing_ himself. Doubled up, Mickie is. "Leo?" he says. "Leo? He's never been inside the Foreign Office in his life. He hasn't even been back to England since forty-five." ' Cork broke off, shaking his head. 'Still,' he repeated, with an affectionate laugh, 'you can't blame him, can you?' He got up. 'And I mean, we all saw through him, but we still fell for it, didn't we? I mean Arthur and . . . I mean everybody. It's like my villa,' he added simply, 'I know I'll never get there, but I believe in it all the same. I mean you have to really . . . you couldn't live, not without illusions. Not here.' Taking his hands out of his mackintosh pockets, Turner stared first at Cork and then at the gunmetal key in his big palm, and he seemed to be torn and undecided. 'What's Mickie Crabbe's number?' Cork watched with apprehension as he lifted the receiver, dialled and began talking. 'They don't _expect_ you to go on looking for him,' Cork said anxiously. 'I don't really think they do.' 'I'm not bloody well looking for him, I'm having lunch with Crabbe and I'm catching the evening flight and nothing on God's earth would keep me in this dream box for an hour longer than I need.' He slammed down the receiver and stalked out of the room. * * * De Lisle's door was wide open but his desk was empty. He wrote a note: 'Called in to say goodbye. Goodbye. Alan Turner,' and his hand was shaking with anger and humiliation. In the lobby, small groups were sauntering into the sunlight to eat their sandwiches or lunch in the canteen. The Ambassador's Rolls-Royce stood at the door; the escort of police outriders waited patiently. Gaunt was whispering to Meadowes at the front desk and he fell suddenly quiet as Turner approached. 'Here,' he said, handing him the envelope. 'Here's your ticket.' His expression said, 'Now go back to where you belong.' 'Ready when you are, old son,' Crabbe whispered from his habitual patch of darkness. 'You see.' * * * The waiters were quiet and awfully discreet. Crabbe had asked for snails which he said were very good. The framed print in their little alcove showed shepherds dancing with nymphs, and there was just a suggestion of expensive sin. 'You were with him that night in Cologne. The night he got into the fight.' 'Extraordinary,' said Crabbe. 'Really. Do you like water?' he asked, and added a little to each of their glasses, but it was no more than a tear shed for the sober. 'Don't know what came over him.' 'Did you often go out with him?' He grinned unsuccessfully and they drank. 'That was five years ago, you see. Mary's mother was ill; kept on flogging back to England. I was a grass widower, so to speak.' 'So you'd push off with Leo occasionally; have a drink and chase a few pussycats.' 'More or less.' 'In Cologne?' 'Steady, old boy,' said Crabbe. 'You're like a bloody lawyer.' He drank again and as the drink went into him he shook like a poor comedian reacting late. 'Christ,' he said. 'What a day. Christ.' 'Night clubs are best in Cologne, are they?' 'You can't do it _here_ , old boy,' Crabbe said with a nervous start. 'Not unless you want to screw half the Government. You've got to be _bloody_ careful in Bonn.' He added needlessly, ' _Bloody_ careful.' He jerked his head in wild confirmation. 'Cologne's the better bet.' 'Better girls?' 'Can't make it, old boy. Not for years.' 'But Leo went for them, did he?' 'He liked the girls,' said Crabbe. 'So you went to Cologne that night. Your wife was in England, and you went on the razzle with Leo.' 'We were just sitting at a table. Drinking, you see.' He suited the gesture to the word. 'Leo was talking about the Army: remember old so-and-so. That game. Loved the Army, Leo did, loved it. Should have stayed in, that's my feeling. Not that they'd have had him, not as a regular. He needed the discipline, in my opinion. Urchin really. Like me. It's all right when you're young, you don't mind. It's later. They knocked hell out of me at Sherborne. Hell. Used to hold the taps, head in the basin, while the bloody prefects hit me. I didn't care then. Thought it was life.' He put a hand on Turner's arm. 'Old boy,' he whispered. 'I _hate_ them now. Didn't know I had it in me. It's all come to the surface. For two pins I'd go back there and shoot the buggers. Truth.' 'Did you know him in the Army?' 'No.' 'Then who were you remembering?' 'I ran across him in the CCG a bit. Moenchengladbach. Four Group.' 'When he was on Claims?' Crabbe's reaction to harassment was unnerving. Like his namesake he seemed in some mysterious way to draw the extremities of his presence under a protective shell, and to lie passive until the danger had passed. Ducking his head into his glass he kept it there, shoulders hunched, while he peered at Turner with pink, hooded eyes. 'So you were drinking and talking.' 'Just quietly. Waiting for the cabaret. I like a good cabaret.' He drifted away into a wholly incredible account of an attempt he had made upon a girl in Frankfurt on the occasion of the last Free Democrats' Conference: 'Fiasco,' he declared proudly. 'Climbing over me like a bloody monkey and I couldn't do a thing.' 'So the fight came after the cabaret?' 'Before