‘This’ in JavaScript
I don't like the explanation as a set of piecewise cases. <i>this</i> just refers to the current object context. <i>this</i> refers to the window at the top level because you're operating within `window`. There aren't "simple functions" and "object constructor functions", just functions, and the `new` keyword executes the function within the context of a new object. Event listeners are not a special case, it's just that the callback is executed from the context of the event -- which makes the difference between `function (e) { this }` and `e => this` much easier to understand.