Artificial eyespots on cattle reduce predation by large carnivores
I live in an area with native Cougar and Bear.  Local hunters told me a couple decades ago the best thing to do in the woods when you are alone is to put your sunglasses on the back of your head.  They explained that large cats typically attack from behind.  When the glasses are on the back of your head it confuses the cat as to which direction you are looking and makes them hesitate (therefore less likely) to attack you.<p>It always made sense to me.  This study seems to reinforce their advice.