Viua VM: parallel, register-based, bytecode virtual machine
Does building a VM without a language make sense?  I don&#x27;t know of any successful instances of this approach.<p>There are lot of hairy corner cases in languages, and VMs reflect that.  If you build the VM first, those design decisions may not be obvious, or might come to light a lot later.<p>I tried compiling Python code to the Lua VM and found that it is extremely coupled to Lua&#x27;s semantics.  That&#x27;s even more the case with Python&#x27;s VM.  (for example scope rules, module systems, etc.)<p>I mean, I think you can target one language to the VM for sure.  If you manage to fit two languages, then you&#x27;re essentially writing the same language in two different syntaxes.