Keeping CALM: when distributed consistency is easy
I expect that the continuing popularity and necessity of distributed programming is going to finally put an end to the idea that &quot;programming doesn&#x27;t involve mathematics&quot;. It is just <i>so much easier</i> if you approach it from the sort of mathematical mindset demonstrated in this paper, and exactly as discussed, this is going to be a whole-stack affair, not something that can be isolated to just the data layer, despite our valiant and useful efforts on that front so far.<p>Programming this way is already easier in a lot of places, but the boundary between non-distributed systems that are possible without mathematical thinking and the ones that can only be done with mathematical thinking is easy to ignore. It tends to be specific niches where programs are only possible with this sort of thinking, and everything else can mostly be hit hard enough with a stick until it works well enough that we can can just get on with it. But as things get distributed, it just becomes insanely difficult to build even a &quot;correct enough&quot; system if you&#x27;re not building it with some sort of math at least held in your mind as you design it. And &quot;distributed&quot; isn&#x27;t just about servers, it&#x27;s about multi-core CPUs, it&#x27;s about GPUs, it&#x27;s about CPUs and GPUs, it&#x27;s about networks, just everywhere you look there&#x27;s more and more &quot;distributed&quot; arising.