Keywords: community formation x
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Shobna Nijhawan
in Women and Girls in the Hindi Public Sphere: Periodical Literature in Colonial North India
Literature, Women's Literature
This chapter suggests that Hindi women's periodicals are an example of how questions of representation and transformation were generated through a collective effort of publishing in the Hindi ... More
This chapter suggests that Hindi women's periodicals are an example of how questions of representation and transformation were generated through a collective effort of publishing in the Hindi literary world of the early twentieth century. This book has demonstrated that literary tastes, styles, and the creative exploration of different literary genres were constitutive of the periodicals, notwithstanding limitations in literary scope, if compared with mainstream Hindi literary publications. The editors, readers, and writers of periodicals actively engaged with an expanding body of fictional writing by experimenting with what the women's periodical as a genre had to offer. Moreover, they played an important role in community formation. With the advent of representations of women's activism on the World Wide Web, new forms of dissemination into a virtual world have emerged. Of course such interaction poses a whole new set of questions concerning women's social and political mobilization.Less
This chapter suggests that Hindi women's periodicals are an example of how questions of representation and transformation were generated through a collective effort of publishing in the Hindi literary world of the early twentieth century. This book has demonstrated that literary tastes, styles, and the creative exploration of different literary genres were constitutive of the periodicals, notwithstanding limitations in literary scope, if compared with mainstream Hindi literary publications. The editors, readers, and writers of periodicals actively engaged with an expanding body of fictional writing by experimenting with what the women's periodical as a genre had to offer. Moreover, they played an important role in community formation. With the advent of representations of women's activism on the World Wide Web, new forms of dissemination into a virtual world have emerged. Of course such interaction poses a whole new set of questions concerning women's social and political mobilization.
Keywords: Hindi women's periodicals, World Wide Web, political mobilization, Hindi literary publications, community formation
The Role of Business Networks in Market Development in Sub‐Saharan Africa
in Communities and Markets in Economic Development
Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, South and East Asia
This chapter examines the role of business networks in market development and community formation in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is shown that for firms above a minimum size, relational contracting is the ... More
This chapter examines the role of business networks in market development and community formation in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is shown that for firms above a minimum size, relational contracting is the rule in markets for agricultural products, and manufacturing inputs and outputs. The important roles of relationships in facilitating market exchange are documented. The role of community affiliation in the membership of business networks is then examined. It is argued that entry into existing networks is biased, and that referral by family and friends is the most likely cause of ethnic concetration.Less
This chapter examines the role of business networks in market development and community formation in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is shown that for firms above a minimum size, relational contracting is the rule in markets for agricultural products, and manufacturing inputs and outputs. The important roles of relationships in facilitating market exchange are documented. The role of community affiliation in the membership of business networks is then examined. It is argued that entry into existing networks is biased, and that referral by family and friends is the most likely cause of ethnic concetration.
Keywords: business networks, market development, community formation, Sub-Saharan Africa, ethnic concentration
"An Other Tongue": Linguistics Maps, Literary Geographies, Cultural Landscapes
Walter D. Mignolo
in Local Histories/Global Designs: Coloniality, Subaltern Knowledges, and Border Thinking
10.23943/princeton/9780691156095.003.0006
Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter explores the implications of national ideologies in the domain of languages and literatures intermixed with the colonial difference. It looks at the Haitian Revolution, wherein language ... More
This chapter explores the implications of national ideologies in the domain of languages and literatures intermixed with the colonial difference. It looks at the Haitian Revolution, wherein language was intrinsically related to community formation and to geopolitical configurations. Indeed, the Haitian Revolution is crucial for envisioning a new scenario of geopolitical configurations and for understanding the function of languages for political interventions and for building communities. "An other tongue" is the necessary condition for "an other thinking" and for the possibility of moving beyond the defense of national languages and national ideologies—both of which have been operating in complicity with imperial powers and imperial conflicts.Less
This chapter explores the implications of national ideologies in the domain of languages and literatures intermixed with the colonial difference. It looks at the Haitian Revolution, wherein language was intrinsically related to community formation and to geopolitical configurations. Indeed, the Haitian Revolution is crucial for envisioning a new scenario of geopolitical configurations and for understanding the function of languages for political interventions and for building communities. "An other tongue" is the necessary condition for "an other thinking" and for the possibility of moving beyond the defense of national languages and national ideologies—both of which have been operating in complicity with imperial powers and imperial conflicts.
Keywords: national ideologies, languages, literatures, colonial difference, Haitian Revolution, community formation, geopolitical configurations, other tongue, national languages, imperial conflicts
Zaibei Doho: Racial Exclusion and the Making of an American Minority
Eiichiro Azuma
in Between Two Empires: Race, History, and Transnationalism in Japanese America
This chapter deals with the impact of American racism on the Issei, which contributed to the development of a distinct racial identity among them in relation to other borderland residents. This ... More
This chapter deals with the impact of American racism on the Issei, which contributed to the development of a distinct racial identity among them in relation to other borderland residents. This process occurred at the level of their daily struggle as a racial(ized) minority — self-consciously identified as "the Japanese in America [zaibei doho]" — on the basis of shared interests in and concerns with power relations in the American West. Examining the critical linkages between white exclusionist politics and immigrant counterstruggles, the chapter explores the grassroots level of community formation, which coincided with the partial consolidation of immigrant leadership during the first two decades of the twentieth century.Less
Zaibei Doho : Racial Exclusion and the Making of an American Minority
This chapter deals with the impact of American racism on the Issei, which contributed to the development of a distinct racial identity among them in relation to other borderland residents. This process occurred at the level of their daily struggle as a racial(ized) minority — self-consciously identified as "the Japanese in America [zaibei doho]" — on the basis of shared interests in and concerns with power relations in the American West. Examining the critical linkages between white exclusionist politics and immigrant counterstruggles, the chapter explores the grassroots level of community formation, which coincided with the partial consolidation of immigrant leadership during the first two decades of the twentieth century.
Keywords: American racism, Japanese immigrants, Issei, anti-Japanese movement, community formation, immigrant leadership
Senegalese Enclaves in New York City
in The Homeland Is the Arena: Religion, Transnationalism, and the Integration of Senegalese Immigrants in America
Religion, Religion and Society, Islam
This chapter addresses the formation process of Senegalese neighborhoods. It identifies three areas with large concentrations of Senegalese people: the enclave in Harlem called "Little Senegal" or " ... More
This chapter addresses the formation process of Senegalese neighborhoods. It identifies three areas with large concentrations of Senegalese people: the enclave in Harlem called "Little Senegal" or " Little Africa"; the enclave "Fuuta Town" in Brooklyn, which comprises a majority of Haal Pulaar, predominantly from Senegal who are living with co-ethnics from Mauritania, Mali, and Guinea; and the Bronx, where a Senegalese community is now established.Less
This chapter addresses the formation process of Senegalese neighborhoods. It identifies three areas with large concentrations of Senegalese people: the enclave in Harlem called "Little Senegal" or " Little Africa"; the enclave "Fuuta Town" in Brooklyn, which comprises a majority of Haal Pulaar, predominantly from Senegal who are living with co-ethnics from Mauritania, Mali, and Guinea; and the Bronx, where a Senegalese community is now established.
Keywords: community formation, Senegalese neighborhoods, Senegalese immigrants, Bronx, Brooklyn, Harlem
Ranch as ʻOhana: The Role of Ranching Station Households in the Formation of the Hawaiian Ranching Community
Benjamin Barna
in Beyond the Walls: New Perspectives on the Archaeology of Historical Households
10.5744/florida/9780813061559.003.0005
Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
During the nineteenth century a distinctive Hawaiian ranching community of varied (and often mixed) ethnic and national heritage developed as the livestock industry responded to increasingly Western ... More
During the nineteenth century a distinctive Hawaiian ranching community of varied (and often mixed) ethnic and national heritage developed as the livestock industry responded to increasingly Western business practices. Tensions between family connections (ʻohana) and capitalist relations of production (business) structured the interactions between immigrant labor and established members of the ranching community. In chapter 5, Barna discusses continuity and change in Hawaiian ranching culture visible at ranching stations on the Island of Hawaiʻi, particularly examining multicultural households within the context of community and household formation. He argues for the role of mixed, working households of ranching stations in overcoming ethnic and cultural difference among ranch workers.Less
Ranch as ʻOhana : The Role of Ranching Station Households in the Formation of the Hawaiian Ranching Community
During the nineteenth century a distinctive Hawaiian ranching community of varied (and often mixed) ethnic and national heritage developed as the livestock industry responded to increasingly Western business practices. Tensions between family connections (ʻohana) and capitalist relations of production (business) structured the interactions between immigrant labor and established members of the ranching community. In chapter 5, Barna discusses continuity and change in Hawaiian ranching culture visible at ranching stations on the Island of Hawaiʻi, particularly examining multicultural households within the context of community and household formation. He argues for the role of mixed, working households of ranching stations in overcoming ethnic and cultural difference among ranch workers.
Keywords: nineteenth century, Hawaiian ranching, community formation, household formation, multicultural households
Power in Heaven and on Earth
in The Making of the Medieval Middle East
History, History of Religion
This chapter looks at the most powerful tool for community formation that Christian leaders had at their disposal: the sacraments, particularly the Eucharist. The sacraments united the simple and the ... More
This chapter looks at the most powerful tool for community formation that Christian leaders had at their disposal: the sacraments, particularly the Eucharist. The sacraments united the simple and the learned alike. In the world of simple believers, the Eucharist was much more than a mystery one took at church, and baptism was much more than a rite of Christian initiation. Seeing the enormous power ascribed to these things and others provides a better understanding of why they could help produce the sort of confessional indifference among the simple that so exercised church leaders like Jacob of Edessa. Moreover, considering the extra-ecclesial life of the sacraments will help illustrate why controlling them might prove fundamental to forming a communal vessel that did not have leaks and why controlling them was ultimately more powerful than any dialectical argument.Less
This chapter looks at the most powerful tool for community formation that Christian leaders had at their disposal: the sacraments, particularly the Eucharist. The sacraments united the simple and the learned alike. In the world of simple believers, the Eucharist was much more than a mystery one took at church, and baptism was much more than a rite of Christian initiation. Seeing the enormous power ascribed to these things and others provides a better understanding of why they could help produce the sort of confessional indifference among the simple that so exercised church leaders like Jacob of Edessa. Moreover, considering the extra-ecclesial life of the sacraments will help illustrate why controlling them might prove fundamental to forming a communal vessel that did not have leaks and why controlling them was ultimately more powerful than any dialectical argument.
Keywords: community formation, Christian leaders, sacraments, Eucharist, simple believers, Christians, confessional indifference
The Glue That Keeps Us Together: Constructing Ethnic Community in the NetSAP Book Club
Tamara Bhalla
in Reading Together, Reading Apart: Identity, Belonging, and South Asian American Community
Society and Culture, Social Groups
This chapter examines how the NetSAP book club's practices of reading expose the various inclusions and exclusions of South Asian American identity and community formation. It looks at how NetSAP ... More
This chapter examines how the NetSAP book club's practices of reading expose the various inclusions and exclusions of South Asian American identity and community formation. It looks at how NetSAP book club participants forge a conflicted and ambivalent sense of South Asian American community in the formation of the book club culture itself. When readers use the organizational structures and regulations of the book club to project South Asian heterogeneity, they counter hegemonic constructions of South Asian identity in literature as primarily Indian, privileged, and male. In contrast, when they discuss the parameters of South Asian identity in literature within the coethnic space of the book club, the endogamous process of community formation often flattens South Asian heterogeneity.Less
The Glue That Keeps Us Together : Constructing Ethnic Community in the NetSAP Book Club
This chapter examines how the NetSAP book club's practices of reading expose the various inclusions and exclusions of South Asian American identity and community formation. It looks at how NetSAP book club participants forge a conflicted and ambivalent sense of South Asian American community in the formation of the book club culture itself. When readers use the organizational structures and regulations of the book club to project South Asian heterogeneity, they counter hegemonic constructions of South Asian identity in literature as primarily Indian, privileged, and male. In contrast, when they discuss the parameters of South Asian identity in literature within the coethnic space of the book club, the endogamous process of community formation often flattens South Asian heterogeneity.
Keywords: NetSAP book club, South Asian American identity, book club culture, South Asian heterogeneity, hegemonic constructions, community formation
Bishops Where No Bishops Should Be: The Phenomenon of the Rural Bishopric
Leslie Dossey
in Peasant and Empire in Christian North Africa
Classical Studies, African History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter describes the diffusion of bishops, who were ordained to the major cities in the third century, and by the fourth and fifth centuries presided over estates and villages in Byzacena and ... More
This chapter describes the diffusion of bishops, who were ordained to the major cities in the third century, and by the fourth and fifth centuries presided over estates and villages in Byzacena and Numidia. Local communities sought them, and because of the competition between Donatists and Catholics and a peculiar way of choosing primates, the North African churches obliged. The result was a new sort of leadership, common to city and country. These rural bishops provided an impetus for community formation, a way for small estates to come together under a common leader and even take a common name, counteracting the most damaging aspect of Roman domination—the scattering of rural populations onto separate estates.Less
Bishops Where No Bishops Should Be : The Phenomenon of the Rural Bishopric
This chapter describes the diffusion of bishops, who were ordained to the major cities in the third century, and by the fourth and fifth centuries presided over estates and villages in Byzacena and Numidia. Local communities sought them, and because of the competition between Donatists and Catholics and a peculiar way of choosing primates, the North African churches obliged. The result was a new sort of leadership, common to city and country. These rural bishops provided an impetus for community formation, a way for small estates to come together under a common leader and even take a common name, counteracting the most damaging aspect of Roman domination—the scattering of rural populations onto separate estates.
Keywords: rural bishops, local communities, community formation, North African churches
Reading Together, Reading Apart: Identity, Belonging, and South Asian American Community
Often thought of as a solitary activity, the practice of reading can in fact encode the complex politics of community formation. Engagement with literary culture represents a particularly integral ... More
Often thought of as a solitary activity, the practice of reading can in fact encode the complex politics of community formation. Engagement with literary culture represents a particularly integral facet of identity formation—and expresses of a sense of belonging—within the South Asian diaspora in the United States. This book blends a case study with literary and textual analysis to illuminate this phenomenon. The book's investigation considers institutions from literary reviews to the marketplace to social media and other technologies, as well as traditional forms of literary discussion like book clubs and academic criticism. Throughout the book questions how its subjects' circumstances, desires, and shared race and class, limit the values they ascribe to reading. It also examines how ideology circulating around a body of literature or a self-selected, imagined community of readers shapes reading itself and influences South Asians' powerful, if contradictory, relationship with ideals of cultural authenticity.Less
Reading Together, Reading Apart : Identity, Belonging, and South Asian American Community
Often thought of as a solitary activity, the practice of reading can in fact encode the complex politics of community formation. Engagement with literary culture represents a particularly integral facet of identity formation—and expresses of a sense of belonging—within the South Asian diaspora in the United States. This book blends a case study with literary and textual analysis to illuminate this phenomenon. The book's investigation considers institutions from literary reviews to the marketplace to social media and other technologies, as well as traditional forms of literary discussion like book clubs and academic criticism. Throughout the book questions how its subjects' circumstances, desires, and shared race and class, limit the values they ascribe to reading. It also examines how ideology circulating around a body of literature or a self-selected, imagined community of readers shapes reading itself and influences South Asians' powerful, if contradictory, relationship with ideals of cultural authenticity.
Keywords: reading, community formation, literary culture, identity formation, belonging, South Asian diaspora, readers, cultural authenticity
The Coming Community?
Gregg Lambert
in Return Statements: The Return of Religion in Contemporary Philosophy
10.3366/edinburgh/9781474413909.003.0009
Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This statement returns to the writings of Jean Luc Nancy, Maurice Blanchot, Georges Bataille and the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben on the theme of community in relation to the contemporary ... More
This statement returns to the writings of Jean Luc Nancy, Maurice Blanchot, Georges Bataille and the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben on the theme of community in relation to the contemporary political conservatism around immigrants in Europe and the United States.Less
This statement returns to the writings of Jean Luc Nancy, Maurice Blanchot, Georges Bataille and the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben on the theme of community in relation to the contemporary political conservatism around immigrants in Europe and the United States.
Keywords: Community, communitarian discourse, Religious community and cult formation, Ethnocentrism and xenophobia, racism, Agamben, Giorgio, Bataille, Georges, Blanchot, Maurice, Nancy, Jean Luc
Wallace Stevens's Point of View
Joshua Kotin
in Utopias of One
Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter describes Wallace Stevens's pursuit of value from his point of view—especially during the act of writing. It begins with an account of his attitude toward his metaphysical need and then ... More
This chapter describes Wallace Stevens's pursuit of value from his point of view—especially during the act of writing. It begins with an account of his attitude toward his metaphysical need and then examines how three poems fail to satisfy it: "Sunday Morning" (1915, 1923), "The Idea of Order at Key West" (1934), and "Credences of Summer" (1947). Each poem, the chapter argues, approaches the problem of value as a problem of community formation. Each poem is an experiment—an attempt to coordinate a collective solution to the fact/value dichotomy that avoids both nihilism and what Ludwig Wittgenstein calls the "supernatural." Ultimately, the chapter details how a fourth poem, "The Auroras of Autumn" (1948), solves the problem of value (for Stevens) by abandoning the idea of community altogether. The poem's success hinges on its inaccessibility—how it prevents readers from sharing Stevens's point of view.Less
This chapter describes Wallace Stevens's pursuit of value from his point of view—especially during the act of writing. It begins with an account of his attitude toward his metaphysical need and then examines how three poems fail to satisfy it: "Sunday Morning" (1915, 1923), "The Idea of Order at Key West" (1934), and "Credences of Summer" (1947). Each poem, the chapter argues, approaches the problem of value as a problem of community formation. Each poem is an experiment—an attempt to coordinate a collective solution to the fact/value dichotomy that avoids both nihilism and what Ludwig Wittgenstein calls the "supernatural." Ultimately, the chapter details how a fourth poem, "The Auroras of Autumn" (1948), solves the problem of value (for Stevens) by abandoning the idea of community altogether. The poem's success hinges on its inaccessibility—how it prevents readers from sharing Stevens's point of view.
Keywords: Wallace Stevens, writing, The Auroras of Autumn, value, community formation, supernatural, poetry
Bands Making Musical Communities
Samuel K. Byrd
in The Sounds of Latinidad: Immigrants Making Music and Creating Culture in a Southern City
10.18574/nyu/9781479859405.003.0004
Anthropology, American and Canadian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter documents how bands and their audiences engage in a process of community formation around music. Musical community is defined here as existing at the intersection of local and mass ... More
This chapter documents how bands and their audiences engage in a process of community formation around music. Musical community is defined here as existing at the intersection of local and mass consumption, often serving as a point of mediation between locally produced, "grassroots" expressions of music and nationally and globally popular mass expressions of music. Working together to create music, this community establishes their political agency through negotiations of genre, style, and outlook, and through performance of music. The Latin music scene in Charlotte consists of the Eastside, Intown, and Uptown districts, each loosely corresponding to a geographic area of the city. Band-made communities within these districts highlight class divisions and tensions around race and ethnicity within the Latino community and between Latinos and non-Latinos.Less
This chapter documents how bands and their audiences engage in a process of community formation around music. Musical community is defined here as existing at the intersection of local and mass consumption, often serving as a point of mediation between locally produced, "grassroots" expressions of music and nationally and globally popular mass expressions of music. Working together to create music, this community establishes their political agency through negotiations of genre, style, and outlook, and through performance of music. The Latin music scene in Charlotte consists of the Eastside, Intown, and Uptown districts, each loosely corresponding to a geographic area of the city. Band-made communities within these districts highlight class divisions and tensions around race and ethnicity within the Latino community and between Latinos and non-Latinos.
Keywords: musical community, band-made communities, Eastside district, Intown district, Uptown district, community formation, Charlotte
Introduction: An Agenda for the Study of Greek History
Claire Taylor and Kostas Vlassopoulos
in Communities and Networks in the Ancient Greek World
Classical Studies, European History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter argues that the study of ancient Greek history needs to move away from the 'citizen club' polis model to emphasize the diversity of communities within the ancient Greek world, the ... More
This chapter argues that the study of ancient Greek history needs to move away from the 'citizen club' polis model to emphasize the diversity of communities within the ancient Greek world, the networks of relationships formed within and between them, and the processes that created, modified, and dissolved them. After reviewing the impact of structuralist and formalist models of the polis, Taylor and Vlassopoulos examine how two distinct conceptual approaches, that of network studies and that of community formation, have been taken up by ancient historians. They argue that 'network thinking' allows for a diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches that can benefit the study of ancient Greek history. In doing so they outline a new agenda for approaching the ancient Greek world: one less shaped by the polis, but instead focused on the networks of relationships created and disbanded between people of different status, wealth, identity, and connectivity.Less
Claire TaylorKostas Vlassopoulos
This chapter argues that the study of ancient Greek history needs to move away from the 'citizen club' polis model to emphasize the diversity of communities within the ancient Greek world, the networks of relationships formed within and between them, and the processes that created, modified, and dissolved them. After reviewing the impact of structuralist and formalist models of the polis, Taylor and Vlassopoulos examine how two distinct conceptual approaches, that of network studies and that of community formation, have been taken up by ancient historians. They argue that 'network thinking' allows for a diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches that can benefit the study of ancient Greek history. In doing so they outline a new agenda for approaching the ancient Greek world: one less shaped by the polis, but instead focused on the networks of relationships created and disbanded between people of different status, wealth, identity, and connectivity.
Keywords: communities, community formation, network, network studies, polis, agenda, connectivity
Roman Palmyra: Identity, Community, and State Formation
Andrew M. Smith II
Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical
In social, economic, and cultural terms, the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire was vastly complex, and it has fueled considerable debate among scholars concerning the nature of the interactions ... More
In social, economic, and cultural terms, the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire was vastly complex, and it has fueled considerable debate among scholars concerning the nature of the interactions between Romans and natives in the Near East. Notions of imperialism, specifically "cultural" imperialism, frame much of the debate. Through a detailed analysis of Palmyrene identity and community formation, this book presents a social and political history of Roman Palmyra, the oasis city situated deep in the Syrian Desert midway between Damascus and the Euphrates river. This city-state is unique in the ancient world, since it began as a humble community, probably no more than an isolated village, and grew—due in part to its role in the caravan trade—into an economically powerful, cosmopolitan urban center of Graeco-Roman character that operated outside of Roman rule, yet under Roman patronage. The book therefore focuses on two aspects of Palmyrene civilization during the first three centuries of the Common Era: the emergence and subsequent development of Palmyra as a commercial and political center in the desert frontier between Rome and Parthia (and later Persia), and the "making" of Palmyrenes. This study is thus concerned with the creation, structure, and maintenance of Palmyrene identity and that of Palmyra as an urban community in a volatile frontier zone. The history of Palmyra's communal development would be wholly obscure were it not for the archaeological and epigraphic materials that testify to Palmyrene achievements and prosperity at home and abroad. These, complemented by the literary evidence, also provide insight into the relatively obscure historical process of sedentarization and of the relationships between pastoral and sedentary communities in the Roman Near East.Less
Roman Palmyra : Identity, Community, and State Formation
In social, economic, and cultural terms, the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire was vastly complex, and it has fueled considerable debate among scholars concerning the nature of the interactions between Romans and natives in the Near East. Notions of imperialism, specifically "cultural" imperialism, frame much of the debate. Through a detailed analysis of Palmyrene identity and community formation, this book presents a social and political history of Roman Palmyra, the oasis city situated deep in the Syrian Desert midway between Damascus and the Euphrates river. This city-state is unique in the ancient world, since it began as a humble community, probably no more than an isolated village, and grew—due in part to its role in the caravan trade—into an economically powerful, cosmopolitan urban center of Graeco-Roman character that operated outside of Roman rule, yet under Roman patronage. The book therefore focuses on two aspects of Palmyrene civilization during the first three centuries of the Common Era: the emergence and subsequent development of Palmyra as a commercial and political center in the desert frontier between Rome and Parthia (and later Persia), and the "making" of Palmyrenes. This study is thus concerned with the creation, structure, and maintenance of Palmyrene identity and that of Palmyra as an urban community in a volatile frontier zone. The history of Palmyra's communal development would be wholly obscure were it not for the archaeological and epigraphic materials that testify to Palmyrene achievements and prosperity at home and abroad. These, complemented by the literary evidence, also provide insight into the relatively obscure historical process of sedentarization and of the relationships between pastoral and sedentary communities in the Roman Near East.
Keywords: Roman Empire, Near East, imperialism, palmyrene identity, community formation, Roman Palmyra, city-state, communal development, sedentarization
The Qur'an and History
in The Qur'an and Late Antiquity: A Shared Heritage
Classical Studies, Ancient Religions, Asian and Middle Eastern History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter examines the notions of "history" as they are presented and developed in the Qur'an. It critically reviews the notion that the Qur'an is ahistorical—that the Prophet stories and other ... More
This chapter examines the notions of "history" as they are presented and developed in the Qur'an. It critically reviews the notion that the Qur'an is ahistorical—that the Prophet stories and other narrative elements in the text do not show an understanding of or interest in history as such. Rather, it is argued, the text reveals a relationship to history that is quite varied, presenting vital and interesting reinterpretations of earlier narratives, both pagan and biblical, and a constant "conversation" with the notion of history at work in earlier traditions. This conversation reflects the formation of the community and the process of its development.Less
This chapter examines the notions of "history" as they are presented and developed in the Qur'an. It critically reviews the notion that the Qur'an is ahistorical—that the Prophet stories and other narrative elements in the text do not show an understanding of or interest in history as such. Rather, it is argued, the text reveals a relationship to history that is quite varied, presenting vital and interesting reinterpretations of earlier narratives, both pagan and biblical, and a constant "conversation" with the notion of history at work in earlier traditions. This conversation reflects the formation of the community and the process of its development.
Keywords: history, Prophet stories, community formation, counter-history, narrative
The Making of a Japanese American Race, and Why Are There No "Immigrants" in Postwar Nikkei History and Community?: The Problems of Generation, Region, and Citizenship in Japanese America
in Trans-Pacific Japanese American Studies: Conversations on Race and Racializations
10.21313/hawaii/9780824847586.003.0012
Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
This study examines how orthodox narratives of Japanese American experience in popular and academic discourse have contributed to the skewed way in which the membership of Japanese America has been ... More
This study examines how orthodox narratives of Japanese American experience in popular and academic discourse have contributed to the skewed way in which the membership of Japanese America has been defined and its boundaries cemented since the 1910s. That process entails glorification and demonization of certain types of Japanese Americans as well as exclusion of other individuals from the race history. Based on the accumulated effects of such discursive contrivances, the established notions of community, identity, history, and indeed race in contemporary Japanese America have affirmed and even encouraged the marginalization of anomalous historical agents—like Kibei—while rendering others—like postwar immigrants—as perpetual co-ethnic foreigners.Less
The Making of a Japanese American Race, and Why Are There No "Immigrants" in Postwar Nikkei History and Community? : The Problems of Generation, Region, and Citizenship in Japanese America
This study examines how orthodox narratives of Japanese American experience in popular and academic discourse have contributed to the skewed way in which the membership of Japanese America has been defined and its boundaries cemented since the 1910s. That process entails glorification and demonization of certain types of Japanese Americans as well as exclusion of other individuals from the race history. Based on the accumulated effects of such discursive contrivances, the established notions of community, identity, history, and indeed race in contemporary Japanese America have affirmed and even encouraged the marginalization of anomalous historical agents—like Kibei—while rendering others—like postwar immigrants—as perpetual co-ethnic foreigners.
Keywords: Nikkei history, Community formation, anti-Japanese agitation, Issei, Nisei, Sansei, Shin Issei, War Brides, West Coast, East of California, Hawaii
Creating a Community in Confinement: The Development of Neighborhoods in Amache, a World War II Japanese American Internment Camp
April Kamp-Whittaker and Bonnie J. Clark
in The Archaeology of Removal in North America
In 1942 Japanese Americans from the west coast of the United States were forcibly relocated to incarceration camps scattered across the interior of the country. Relocation disrupted existing social ... More
In 1942 Japanese Americans from the west coast of the United States were forcibly relocated to incarceration camps scattered across the interior of the country. Relocation disrupted existing social networks, first through displacement and then through separation between the ten primary internment centers. Evidence revealed through archaeological study of one such site—Amache, Colorado—highlights the strategies of individuals living in these haphazard arrangements for creating more cohesive social groups and contributes to the disciplinary conversation about the critical role neighborhoods can play in community formation among the relocated.Less
Creating a Community in Confinement : The Development of Neighborhoods in Amache, a World War II Japanese American Internment Camp
April Kamp-WhittakerBonnie J. Clark
In 1942 Japanese Americans from the west coast of the United States were forcibly relocated to incarceration camps scattered across the interior of the country. Relocation disrupted existing social networks, first through displacement and then through separation between the ten primary internment centers. Evidence revealed through archaeological study of one such site—Amache, Colorado—highlights the strategies of individuals living in these haphazard arrangements for creating more cohesive social groups and contributes to the disciplinary conversation about the critical role neighborhoods can play in community formation among the relocated.
Keywords: neighborhood, incarceration camps, Amache Colorado, Japanese Americans, community formation, relocation
Jemima Pierre
in The Predicament of Blackness: Postcolonial Ghana and the Politics of Race
Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, which is to examine the historical forces and contemporary practices that shape the terrain of struggle and the prevailing racial order within ... More
This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, which is to examine the historical forces and contemporary practices that shape the terrain of struggle and the prevailing racial order within which Ghanaian urban communities and identities are constituted. It explains the significance of establishing the fact of the occurrence of racialization in purportedly unusual or unsuspecting places. It also provides an overview of the subsequent chapters.Less
This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, which is to examine the historical forces and contemporary practices that shape the terrain of struggle and the prevailing racial order within which Ghanaian urban communities and identities are constituted. It explains the significance of establishing the fact of the occurrence of racialization in purportedly unusual or unsuspecting places. It also provides an overview of the subsequent chapters.
Keywords: postcolonial Africa, race, identity, community formation, racialization, Ghana, racial formation
The Challenges of Diversity: 'Casting' Muslim Communities in South India*
Torsten Tschacher
in Being Muslim in South Asia: Diversity and Daily Life
Sociology, Comparative and Historical Sociology
The southernmost regions of India present an almost paradoxical situation as far as Muslims are concerned. While the impact of Islam and Muslims on the region is often considered insignificant, ... More
The southernmost regions of India present an almost paradoxical situation as far as Muslims are concerned. While the impact of Islam and Muslims on the region is often considered insignificant, Muslim societies in south India exhibit historical, economic, religious, and linguistic diversity far beyond that encountered in regions associated more centrally with Islam in South Asia such as the Punjab and the Gangetic Plains or Bengal. From the colonial period onwards, administrators, historians, and anthropologists have tried to come to terms with this complexity by reducing south Indian Muslims to a set of bounded and demarcated 'communities' supposedly sharing common language, origins, economic pursuits, and religious particularities. This chapter challenges and contextualizes established images of Muslim societies in south India. It endeavours to understand Muslim diversity in the region as a dynamic and complex interplay of diverse processes.Less
The Challenges of Diversity : 'Casting' Muslim Communities in South India*
The southernmost regions of India present an almost paradoxical situation as far as Muslims are concerned. While the impact of Islam and Muslims on the region is often considered insignificant, Muslim societies in south India exhibit historical, economic, religious, and linguistic diversity far beyond that encountered in regions associated more centrally with Islam in South Asia such as the Punjab and the Gangetic Plains or Bengal. From the colonial period onwards, administrators, historians, and anthropologists have tried to come to terms with this complexity by reducing south Indian Muslims to a set of bounded and demarcated 'communities' supposedly sharing common language, origins, economic pursuits, and religious particularities. This chapter challenges and contextualizes established images of Muslim societies in south India. It endeavours to understand Muslim diversity in the region as a dynamic and complex interplay of diverse processes.
Keywords: south India, definitions of community, diversity among Muslims, community formation