Datasets:

dsfsi
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za-marito-oertb

id stringlengths 12 15	eng stringlengths 0 88	afr stringlengths 0 99	zul stringlengths 0 112	xho stringlengths 0 105	ssw stringlengths 0 115	nbl stringlengths 0 109	nso stringlengths 0 78	tsn stringlengths 0 93	sot stringlengths 0 89	ven stringlengths 0 115	tso stringlengths 0 125	eng_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 153 values	afr_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 159 values	zul_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 128 values	xho_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 168 values	ssw_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 126 values	nbl_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 129 values	nso_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 128 values	tsn_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 99 values	sot_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 140 values	ven_pos_or_descriptor stringclasses 86 values
oertb_data_0	acculturation	akkulturasie	ukunikezelana ngamasiko	utshintshiselwano ngenkcubeko	kutselelana kwemasiko	ukuthatha amasiko wakosobantu okubangelwa kuqongelana ngokwamasiko	tlwaetšo ya setšo	tlwaetso ya setso	tlwaetso ya meetlo	vhufhaṱamvelele	mfuwontekelelwa
oertb_data_1	acephalous society	leierlose samelewing, asefale samelewing	umphakathi ongenanhloko ngokwezombusazwe	uluntu olungenayo inkokeli	ummango lote inhlokho	umphakathi onganabadosiphambili	setšhaba seo se se nago moetapele wa sepolotiki	setšhaba tlhoka-moeteledipele	setjhaba se se nang moetapele	tshayamukoma	xikalahosi
oertb_data_2	achieved status	verworwe status	isikhundla esisetshenzelwe	iwonga elifikelelweyo	simobunjalo lesizuziwe setenhlalo	ubujamo obuzuziweko	phihlelelo ya maemo	seemo se se fitlheletsweng	maemo a fihlelletsweng	vhuimo	xiyimo lexi fikeleriweke
oertb_data_3	adult socialisation	volwasse sosialisering	ukulungiselelwa impilo yobudala	uqhelaniso lobuntu lwabantu abadala	kukhulisa umuntfu lomdzala	ikambiso yokulungiselela ubudala	thuto ya go tlwaetša go phela le batho	thuto ya bogolo	thuto ya botho ya boholo	ngudiswakhutshilele	xiseveseve
oertb_data_4	affinal kin	aangetroude familie	izihlobo ngokomshado	umzalwane ngokomtshato	tihlobo ngekwemendvo, umshado	ukuhlobana ngokuthathana	balapa ka lenyalo	balosika ka nyalo	leloko la madi	mashaka nga nzeo	vamaseve
oertb_data_5	affluent society	welvarende gemeenskap	umphakathi onothile waseMelika	uluntu olunobutyebi	ummango lonjingile	umphakathi onjingileko	setšhaba se se atlegilego	setšhaba se se humileng	setjhaba se atlehileng	vhathu vha no ḓikona	swixurhana
oertb_data_6	age grade	leeftydsgroep	ontanga	ihlelo	bontsanga bebulili bunye	igreyidi yobudala	sehlopha sa mphato o tee	setlhopha go ya ka dingwaga	sehlopa	tshigwadathanga	tintangha
oertb_data_7	age set	ouderdomsgroep	ibutho elilawulayo	iseti yobudala	licembu labontsanga	isiqhema esihlanganisa abomma nabobaba	sete ya mengwaga	sete ya dingwaga	sete ya dilemo	sethethanga	tintangha
oertb_data_8	agency	bemiddeling	ukusebenzela abanye	uncedo, ishishini lomenzeli	i-ejensi	umenzeli	boemedi	boemedi	boemedi	vhunzhakanḓila	muyimeri
oertb_data_9	agrarian society	agrariese samelewing	umphakathi olima ngegeja	umbutho onxulumene nomhlaba	ummango lolimako	umphakathi wezelimo	setšhaba sa bolemi	setšhaba sa temo	setjhaba sa bolemi	tshitshavha tsha ndimo	varimi
oertb_data_10	alienation	vervreemding	i-alineshini	ukuphephetha	kwehlukanisa	ukuhlukanisa	karoganyo	kgaoganyo	karohanyo	bandashaya	xikhiri
oertb_data_11	ambilineal descent	ambilineêre afkoms	isizukulwana samadodana namadodakazi	inzala yemilibo emibini	kuhlobana kwentalelwane yekhabobabe neyekhabomake	ukulamana ngokweenini	tatelano ka mahlakoreng a mabedi	botso jwa matlhakore a mme kgotsa ntate	tatelano ka mahlakoreng ohle	vhushakavhuṱhanganeli	vakaxin'wana
oertb_data_12	ambilocality	ambilokaliteit	ukuzikhethela kwabashadikazi abazali abazohlala nabo	iindawo ezimbini	ebukhweni	ndawo ehlala abatjhadeneko	bodulo bja banyalani	bonno jwa banyalani jo bo gaufi le balosika	bodulo haufi le lelapa la e mong	vhuhadzi, muḓivhuhadzi	muti
oertb_data_13	ancestor worship	voorouerverering	ukuhlabela amadlozi	unqulo lwezinyanya	kukhonta emadloti	ukulotjha abezimu	tumelo mo go badimo	kobamelo ya badimo	ho rapela badimo	vhurereli	gandzelo
oertb_data_14	animism	animisme	i-enimizimu	unqulo lwezilwanyana	bulwane	i-animizimu	kabelo ya bophelo	tumelo ya gore dilo tsotlhe di na le mowa	ho fa ntho, ntho e phelang, motho ya ileng sebopeho sa motho	vhutendavhadzimu, vhutendavhamatongoni	swikwembu
oertb_data_15	Applied Anthropology	Toegepaste Antropologie, Toegepaste Volkekunde	ezokusetshenziswa kobungcweti be-antropholoji	ulwazi olusebenzayo lomntu njengesidalwa	sifundvo mayelana netenhlalo yebantfu lesetjentiswako	ukuphrakthisa indabuko namasiko wabantu	antropholotši ya go šoma	tiriso ya tiori ya thuto ya batho le ditso	Thuto e Sebedisehang ya Meetlo le Setho	Ngudamveleletshumiswa	ntivovuxaka bya vanhu ni vakokwana wa kona hi ku endla kunene
oertb_data_16	assimilation	assimilasie	ukuguquka kwabantu abayingcosana bamukele amasiko eningi	ufaniso	kumitwa	ukufana	kakaretšo	tshwaetsano	phetoho ya botho e bakwang ke bojaki	vhumilwa	ku dyiwa
oertb_data_17	automation	outomatisasie	ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ekukhiqizeni	ukusebenzisa oomatshini abazihambelayo	kuntjintja	indlela yokwenza ngaphandle kwabantu	tšhomišo ya metšhene	tiriso ya metšhini	tshebediso ya metjhini	vhushumisamitshini	ku tirhisa michini
oertb_data_18	avunculocal residence	woning van oom aan moederskant	ukuhlala kwabashadikazi noninalume wendoda	indawo yokuhlala kwamalume	likhaya lamakoti nemkhwenyana	ukuhlala nimndeni nalabo abaqeda ukutjhada	madulo a banyalani a kgauswi le ga malome	bonno jo bo gaufi le malomaagwe monna	bodulo lapeng la, kapa haufi le, lapa la malome wa monna	vhuhadzi muḓini wa malume	muti				MB
oertb_data_19	balanced reciprocity	gebalanseerde wederkerigheid	ukubuyiselana isipho okulinganisiweyo	ukwenzelana ngokufanayo okulinganayo	bubili lobusimeme	ukuphana izipho ngokulinganako	neelano ya dimpho	neelano ya dimpho ka tekatekano	ho fana ho lekalekanang	mphondingani	xandlafambaxandlavuya
oertb_data_20	band	groep	ibhendi	iqela	ibhendi	iyunidi eyodwa	sehlopha sa basenyi	setlhopha sa batsomi le babatli ba dijo	sehlopha sa basedi	vhaṱalazwiḽiwa, vhadzimba	ntlawa
oertb_data_21	banditry	struikrowery	ububhendi	ubugebenga	bugebengu	iselelesi	borabela	bosenyi	borabela	vhaṱanguli, mavemu, vhuravhele	vunsulavoya
oertb_data_22	bifurcate	gevurkte bloedverwantterminologie	amathemu obundeni	ukwahlula kube ngamasebe amabini	emagama etigaba tekuhlobana ngekwentalelwano	itheminoloji yokulamana komhlobo owodwa weenhlobo	mareo a boloko	mareo a lotso	mareo a leloko a mahlakore ohle	bifukhathe	xixaka	collateral kinship terminology	sylinie-		isigama sokuzalana somnombo onamasebe amabini
oertb_data_23	big man	grootman	indoda 'enkulu'	indoda enkulu	indvodza lenkhulu	umuntu omkhulu ophetheko esitjhabeni	monna yo mogolo	monna yo mogolo	mampodi	mufaeli	xidyavukosi
oertb_data_24	bilateral descent	tweesydige afkoms, bilaterale afkoms	isizukulwana ezinxambili	isizukulwana kumacala amabini	buhlobo lobumkhakhambili	ukuqakatheka kwamahlangothi womabili lakomma nelakobaba	tatelano ka mahlakoreng a mabedi	botso jwa matlhakorepedi	tatelano ka mahlakoreng ka bobedi, ka tswalo	shakahuvhili	xikalatlhelo
oertb_data_25	bilateral kinship calculation	bilaterale verwantskapberekening	ukubala izihlobo ngokobulili	ubalo lokuzalala kumacala amabini	kubalwa kwebuhlobo lobumkhakhambili	ukubala ukulingana kobuhlobo	palo ya leloko, lešika	palelo ya lotso la matlhakorepedi	kananelo ya leloko mahlakoreng ka bobedi	khovhavhushaka	xaka ra vele na ngati
oertb_data_26	bilocal residence	bilokale woning	ukuhlala kwabashadikazi nezihlobo zendoda nezikankosikazi ngokulandelana	ikhaya kwiindawo ezimbini	ebukhweni	ibhayilokhali residensi	madulo a go fetolana	bonno jwa thefosanyo	bodulo dibakeng tse pedi	hayakavhili	ku rhurharhurha
oertb_data_27	biological determinists	biologiese deterministe	abakholelwa ekuthini ukuziphatha komuntu kuya ngokusebenza komzimba wakhe	izimiseli zebhayoloji	bocepheshe betelufuto	ibhayolojikhali deteministhi	balaetši ba tlholego go ya ka tlhago	batlhotlhomisi ba baeoloji	ba dumelang ho taolo ya tlhaho	vhatikedzi vha mbebondangi	vuxaka bya ngati
oertb_data_28	biological reductionism	biologiese reduksionisme	ukuziphatha komuntu ngokokusebenza komzimba	ukuncitshiswa ngokwebhayoloji	bocwepheshe bekutiphatsa kwebantfu	ibhayolojikhali redaktjhinizimu	phokotšo ya tlholego go ya ka tlhago	phokotsotharaano ya baeoloji	ho dumela hore tlhaho e laola tsohle	mbebondangi	nxopaxopo wa swihumelelo swo karhi
oertb_data_29	bourgeoisie	middelstand, burgerstand, bourgeoisie	abaninizindlela zokukhiqiza	umntu onamawonga nobunewunewu	umkhakha losemkhatsini	abantu abasezingeni eliphakathi lepilo	bourgeoisie, bahumi	setlhopha sa loago se se humileng ka ntlha ya ntshokuno	beng ba disebediswa tsa tlhahiso	zwiṱunḓulume	swixurhana
oertb_data_30	bride price	bruidsprys, bruidskat, lobola	ilobolo	ilobola, intlawulo yomtshakazi	emalobolo	ilobolo likamakoti	lobola, tšhelete ya bogadi	bogadi	bohadi	dzekiso, lumalo	cuma
oertb_data_31	bride service	bruidsdiens	ukusebenzela umakoti	inkonzo yomtshakazi	emalobolo	umsebenzi kamakoti	tirelo ya monyadi	tirelo ya monyadiwa	tshebeletso ya bohadi	tshumelavhuhwe	ndzovolo, ku ba tihomu
oertb_data_32	bride wealth	bruidskat, lobola	umnotho kamakoti	ubutyebi bomtshakazi	ingcebo yamakoti, umhlambiso	umnotho kamakoti	mahumo a monyadi	khumo ya monyadi	matshidiso a ba bohweng	ndifhelavhomakhulu	midzivuriso
oertb_data_33	bureaucracy	burokrasie	ibhyurokhrasi	ulawulo lwabantu abaqeshiweyo	umbuso lophetfwe tisebenti tahulumende	ibhiriyokhresi, umbuso ophethwe ziinsebenzi zikarhulumende	birokrasi	birokerasi	birokerasi	birokirasi	matirhelo hi ku landzelerisa nxanxamelo wa matshamelo ya vurhangeri									mokgwa wa tlhahlamano ya mesebetsi
oertb_data_34	capitalism	kapitalisme	ubungxowankulu	inkqubo yelizwe elawulwa yimali	kuba nemali lenyenti yekucala ibhizinisi	ihlelo lomnotho onzinze ezandleni zabantu bangeqadi	bokapitale	bokapitalise	bokapitale	khephithaḽizimu	mphamelo wa vukorhokeri eka vaaki hi ndlela yo bindzurisa
oertb_data_35	cargo cults	vragkultusse	imikhankaso yemilingo yokulingisa izindlela zaseYurophu kwezomnotho	iinkqubo zonqulo zomthwalo	tinkholo te-cargo	isiqhema esihlangene ngekolo ethileko	mokgwa wa tumelo ya dithoto	mekgatlho e e dumelang mo khumong ya dithoto	mekgwa ya bodumedi ya ho ithuisa	lupfumomanditi	mphahlo wa swikwembu
oertb_data_36	Cartesian	Cartesies	okuthathelwe emibonweni yesazi sefilosofi, uDescartes	ifilosofi yenzululwazi yendalo	i-Cartesian	ihlathululo neembonelo zemitjho	Cartesian	Khathešiene	Mokgwa wa Carte	Tshikhatheshia	mulandzeri wa Descartes				i-cartesian
oertb_data_37	caste system	kastestelsel	uhlelo lwekhasti	inkqubo yodidi lwabantu	luhlobo lwekutalwa ekhatsi esitukulwaneni sakubo	ikambiso yokuhlukanisa abanjingileko nabatlhagako	mokgwa wa kabelo	tsamaiso ya go farologanya ka tsalo	mokgwa wa ho kgetholla ho ya ka tswalo	sisiṱeme ya khasithi	muhlawuriwa/mukhethwa
oertb_data_38	cattle complex	beeskompleks	isikhundla nomnotho ngokwezinkomo umuntu anazo	indawo yemfuyo yeenkomo	bunhlonhla	ukwaba ipahla ngokuyabelana	leruo	thuo ya dikgomo	mokgwa wa dikgomo	maitele a lupfumothakha	rifuwo
oertb_data_39	chiefdom	kapteinskap, hoofmanskap	ubukhosi	ubukhosi	bukhosi besikhulu	ubukhosi	bogoši, borena	bogosi	borena	vhuhosi	vuhosi
oertb_data_40	clan	stamgroep	isizwe senkosi eyodwa	isiduko	lusendvo	ikoro	mohlobo	losika	leloko	lusese, lushaka	nyimba
oertb_data_41	class	klas	ikilasi labantu	udidi	licembu	amalunga wesiqhema somphakathi	maemo	setlhopha	maemo a batho	vhuimo, tshiimo	ntlawa								go ya ka maemo a loago
oertb_data_42	class consciousness	klassebewustheid	ukwazi ngekilasi	ukuthanda umgangatho	kwatisa licembu	ikolelo yabantu	temogo ya maemo	temogo ya maemo	tsotello ya maemo	tshiṱalula nga vhuimo, tshiimo	vutitwi bya ntlawa
oertb_data_43	classificatory kinship terms	geordende verwantskapterme	amathemu okuhlela ezobundeni ngokwamakilasi	amagama okuhlela ngokobuzalwane	kuhlelenjiswa kwemagama ebuhlobo	ukuhlelwa kwamathemu wobuhlobo	mareo a go aroganya meloko	mareo a karologanyo ya losika	mareo a ho hlophisa kamano lelapeng	mathemo a vhushakavhuangaredzi	mutswala
oertb_data_44	cohort	kohort	ikhohothi	iqela labantu abanento ebadibanisayo	licembu lebantfu labatelwe eminyakeni lengu-5	isiqhema	dithaka	setlhopha sa balekane ba ba welang mo pakeng ya dingwagatlhano	balekane	murole, thanga	tintangha	stat.	stat.
oertb_data_45	commodification	kommodifiëring	ukuguqulela kokuthengiswayo	ukulungisa kunye	kwenta umkhicito, imphahla yekutsengwa	okuligugu	kgwebofatša	kgwebofatso	ho fetola ntho hore e be thepa e nang le boleng	vhubindudzi	swixavisiwa swa nkoka
oertb_data_46	communitas	gemeenskapsgees	ikhomyunithasi	umoya wobudlelwane	kuba moyamunye kwemmango	ummoya wokubumbana emphakathini	tšhomišanommogo ya setšhaba	mowa wa bommogo	moya wa kopano	vhuthihi	vunyandzayin'we
oertb_data_47	conjugal relationship	huweliksverhouding	ubudlelwane babaganeneyo	unxulumano lomtshato	budlelwane balabashadene	itjhebiswano ngokuthathana	tswalano magareng ga bagatša	kamano ya banyalani	kamano ya ba nyalaneng	vhudzekani	varhandzani
oertb_data_48	consanguineal kin	bloedverwante	izihlobo zegazi	izalamane ngokwegazi	sihlobo sengati	isihlobo seengazi	tswalano ka madi, pelego	kamano ya madi	kamano ya madi	vhushaka nga malofha	maxaka ya ngati	consanguinity, consanguineous			ngokwegazi, ngegazi
oertb_data_49	contract societies	kontrakgemeenskappe	imiphakathi yezinkontileka	imibutho yekontraki	imimango yekontileka	indabuko yamasiko emindenini	ditšhaba tša go kgolwa go dikontraka	ditšhaba tse di nang le tumelano ya boikemedi	ditjhaba se tshepang ditumellano	zwitshavha zwa muimawoga	vaaki lava hanyaka ku ya hi ntwanano wo karhi
oertb_data_50	cosmology	kosmologie	ikhosmoloji	indalo yonke	inkholelo yemuntfu mayelana nemhlaba	ikolo nemibono yomuntu ngephasi	khosmolotši	khosmoloji	khosemoloji	khosimoḽodzhi	ntivontumbulukomisava
oertb_data_51	couvade	skynswangerskap	isingakukhulelwa	isiko kubantu bamandulo lokulalisa utata xa usana luvela	kunyoluka kwendvodza	umkhuba wokwenza sengathi nobaba ubelethile	couvade	khubate	seka boimana ho monna	khuvadi	vukhankhelan'wana	pseudopregnancy								couvade
oertb_data_52	creole language	Kreoolse taal	ulimi olungaqondile	umxube wolwimi lwaseYurophu nolwaseAfrika	lulwimi lwesicreole	ilimi eliyihlanganisela yamalimi amabili	polelo ye e sa felelago go hlabologa	puo ya kheriole	puo ya creole	luamboluvangani	ririmi leri tumbulukeke exikarhi ka tindzimi timbirhi
oertb_data_53	cross-cousins	neefs en niggies	abazala	abazala nookanina	bomzala	abomzala ngehlangothini likababa nelikamma	bomotswala tswakana	bontsale-tota	bomotswala ba kopantsweng ke kgomo	vhazwala	vatswala
oertb_data_54	cultural determinists	kulturele deterministe	ababona ukuziphatha kwabantu kuphathelene namasiko nezemvelo	abamiseli benkcubeko	bancumi bemasiko	abahlaziyimasiko	balaetši ba setšo	batho ba ba dumelang gore setso se tlhotlhomisa maikutlo le maitsholo	ba reng setho se matla	vhatikedzi vha mvelelendangi	nkucetelo wa mfuwo wa rixaka
oertb_data_55	cultural evolution	kulturele evolusie	ukusombuluka kwendalo ngokwamasiko	ukukhula kwenkcubeko	kugucugucuka kwemasiko	itjhugulukosiko	tlhagelelo ya setšo	phetogo ya setso ya seka-ebolusi	phetophetoho ya setho	tshanduluwo ya mvelele	matumbulukelo ya ximfuwo
oertb_data_56	cultural materialism	kulturele materialisme	ithiyori yokubonakalayo ngokwamasiko	inkcubeko yezinto eziphathekayo	intfo yetemasiko	umtlhago wesayensi yesiko	dithoto tša setšo	tiori ya sedumedi le maemo a tikologo	meedi ya setho	mupo sa phaṱhamvelele	maluvisi
oertb_data_57	cultural relativism	kulturele relativisme	umbono wokuqondaniswa namasiko	ulwalamano lwenkcubeko	kuhlobana ngekwemasiko	ukuzwisisa amanye amasiko	kamanyo ya setšo	tumelo ya ngwao le setso	bohlokwa ba setho	ndingano ya mvelele	mfambelaniso wa ximfuwo
oertb_data_58	cultural universals	kulturele universale	amasiko emiphakathi yomhlaba	imimiselo jikelele yenkcubeko	kufanana kwemasiko	isikomazombe	bogohle bja setšo	dipharologantsho tse di tshwanang tsa setso	tsa setho tse tshwanang lefatsheng	zwi fanaho zwa mvelele	mfuwo lowu khumbaka vanhu hinkwavo hi ku angarhela
oertb_data_59	culture of poverty	kultuur van armoede	isiko labampofu	inkcubeko yobuhlwempu	liso lebuphuya	umtlhago wamasiko	bodiidi bja setšo	mokgwa wa botshelo wa bohuma	matshwao a bofuma	tsiku ya mvelele	mfuwo wa vusweti
oertb_data_60	culture shock	kultuurskok	ukushaqeka ngokwamasiko	umothuko wenkcubeko	kwetfweswa lisiko	ukuthukwa kwesiko	letšhogo la setšo	kakabalo ya setso	ho imelwa maikutlo ka lebaka la setho se itseng	dzhenewo ḽa mvelele	mfuwo wa ntshukiso
oertb_data_61	culture	kultuur	amasiko	inkcubeko	lisiko	isiko	setšo	setso	botho	mvelele	mfuwo
oertb_data_62	data	data	idatha	i-data	idatha	idatha	difiwa	deitha	dintlha	data	switiviwa				iinkcukacha			data		datha
oertb_data_63	deconstruction	dekonstruksie	idiskhonstrakshini	ukudiliza	kuhlolisisa	ukutjhugulula into izwakale ngenye indlela	tshenollo	filosofi e e ka ga tlhoka-tlhomamo mo malatoding	tshenolo	tshandulakuhumbulele	vonelohlanhlelelo
oertb_data_64	descent group	afkomsgroep	isizukulwana	iqela lezalamane	lusendvo	isiqhema seenhlobo zesiqhema	sehlopha sa boloko	setlhopha sa lotso	sehlopha sa kutu e le nngwe	tshigwada tsha mashaka	ntlawa wa ximanjhenjhe
oertb_data_65	descriptive kinship terms	beskrywende verwantskapterme	amathemu obundeni achazayo	amagama ezalamane achazayo	emagama ebuhlobo lachazako	ihlathululo yamathemu wobuhlobo	mareo a boloko	mareo a tlhaloso ya lotso	mareo a hlalosang leloko	mathemo a ṱhalusamashaka	mathemenhlamuselo ya vuxaka
oertb_data_66	dialectical materialism	dialektiese materialisme	ithiyori yokungqubuzana ngokwezidingo zezinto zasemhlabeni	ulwimi lwesizwana lwenkolo yokuxabisa izinto eziphathekayo kunezomoya	intfo yebulwimisigodzi	ukutjhejwa kwamalimi weengodi	dialectical materialism	kgotlhang ya gore diphetogo tsa sepolotiki di bakwa kwa kgotlhang ya loago	dikgohlano tse bakwang ke tlhahiso	khuḓanelatshanduko	mbhurisano wa mianakanyo na mavonelo mayelana ni ntshamiseko wa swa le mandleni ematshan'weni ya ntshamiseko wa le moyeni
oertb_data_67	diaspora	verstrooiing, diaspora	ufuduko	ukuthi saa kwamakholwa	kuhlakateka	ifuduso	diaspora, khudugo ya go rata goba ya kgapeletšo go tšwa nageng ya geno	khudugo	ho phatlalla ha batho ba naha lefatsheng	phusulelavhusavhase	matshamelo ya vanhu hi ku hangalaka ni matiko
oertb_data_68	diffusion	diffusie	ukunikezelana ngamasiko	ukuphangalala, ukunwenwa	kuncibilika, kugwinyeka	ukusatjalaliswa	tšhollo, phatlalatšo	kanamo ya dipharologantsho tsa setso	ho kopana ka setho	khadzimamikhuvha	ku hangalaka ka swiphemu swa mfuwo exikarhi ka vanhu na matiko
oertb_data_69	displacement	verplasing	ukukwazi ukukhuluma ngezinto nezigameko ezingekho endaweni	ushenxiso	kugudlulwa	ikghono lokukhuluma izinto ezingekho	go tšeela sebaka	bokgoni jwa go bua dilo tse di seng teng	ho nkela, nkelwa sebaka	vhudavhidzani	ku siviwa ka xiphemu xa masungulo handle ko swi lemuka
oertb_data_70	divination	voorspelling	ukubhula	ukuvumisa	kubhula, kwenta umhlahlo	ukusetjenziswa kwamandla angaphezulu	taolelo ya bokamoso	ponelopele ya bokamoso	ho noha bokamoso ka moya	vhubvumbi	nhlahluvo
oertb_data_71	division of labour	verdeling van arbeid	ukwabiwa kwemisebenzi	ukwahlula umsebenzi	imitsetfo yekusebenta	ukuhlukaniswa komsebenzi	kabo ya mošomo	kabo ya ditiro	kabelano ya mosebetsi	u kovhekana mishumo	avelano wa mitirho
oertb_data_72	domestication	temming	ukwejwayeza izilwane nezimila indawo	ukuqhelanisa nomsebenzi wekhaya	kwenta intfo ibe yasekhaya	ukukhulisa iintjalo neenlana	boselapa	kgwabofatso	taolo ya tsa lapeng	vhufuwi	ndzimo wa swakudya
oertb_data_73	dowry	bruidskat, bruidsprys, lobola	idowri	ikhazi	umhlambiso, lilobolo	ilobolo	magadi	bogadi jo bo duelwang monyadi, balelapa la monyadi	phahlo e yang bohading	dzekiso	cuma
oertb_data_74	ego	ego	i-igo	ubumna	bumine	ukuzikhakhazisa	boipono, boitsebo, ego	boene jwa motho	ego	vhumuthundinnṋe	xiletelamaanakanyelo				i-ego					maikutlo a ho inahanela
oertb_data_75	ego	ego	i-igo	ubumna	bumine	ukuzikhakhazisa	ego/boipono/boitsebo mo go tšhate ya moloko	boene jwa motho ka sebele	ego	vhumuthundinnṋe	xiletelamaanakanyelo	in kinship charts	in verwantskapkaarte	emashadini obundeni	i-ego / kwiitshati zokuzalana	kumashadi ebudlelane	ngokwetjhadi yobuhlobo		mo ditšhateng tsa lotso	boemo ba motho lelokong	kha tshati dza vhushaka
oertb_data_76	emic	emiese benadering	i-emikhi	i-emic	kuchaza, kufundza	iqhinga lokurhubhulula	emic, leano la nyakišišo	emiki	diphuputso tse elang hloko maikutlo a mmotsuwa	emiki	qhinga ra ndzavisiso wo thumba
oertb_data_77	enculturation	verkulturering	i-inkhalthureshini	ukuziqhelisa inkcubeko	kufundziswa lisiko	ukufunda isiko lomunye	thuto ya setšo	thutasetso	thuto ya setho	ngudamvelele	vutokotisamfuwo
oertb_data_78	endogamy	stamhuwelik	i-endogami	ukutshata phakathi kwesizwe esithile kuphela	umkhuba wekutsatsana, kushadana ngebuhlobo	i-endogami	endogamy, nyalano ya ka gare ga sehlopha se se rilego sa leago	nyalano le ba setlhopha sa lotso, loago le le rileng	nyallano ya leloko	nzeongozwini	ku dya xivindzi
oertb_data_79	ethnocentrism	etnosentrisme	i-ethnosentrizimu	uthando lobuhlanga	kutsatsa sengatsi lisiko lakho ngulona lelingilo	umukghwa wokunyefula amasiko wabanye	bosemorafe	boikgogomoso jwa semorafe	ho ikgohomosa	khukhumusamurafho	mbonelahansi
oertb_data_80	essentialism	essensialisme	i-esentshiyalizimu	inkolo yokuthi iqela ngalinye lineempawu zalo ezikhethekileyo	kubaluleka	ikolelo yokobana iintjhaba ezihlukeneko zinemikhuba ezihlukanisako	boswanedi	tumelo ya gore batho bangwe le bangwe ba kgethegile	mokgwa wa ho ikgetha	vhuhulwane	swihlawulekisi swa muxaka wa swona leswi vumbaka nchumu wo karhi
oertb_data_81	ethnic group	etniese groep, volksgroep	isizwe ngokozalo	Iiqela lohlanga	luhlanga	isiqhema sesitjhaba	sehlopha sa morafe	morafe	morabe	murafho, lushaka	ntlawa wa rixaka ro karhi
oertb_data_82	ethnic pluralism	etniese pluralisme	ukuhlalisana kwezizwe	ubuninzi beentlanga	buhlanganyenti	ubunengi beentjhaba	meraferafe	tshedisano ya merafe	merabe ya madulammoho	murafho minzhi	vunyingi bya tinxaka
oertb_data_83	ethnicity	etnisiteit	ubuzwe ngokozalo	ubuhlanga	buhlanga	ubutjhaba	bomoraferafe	botso	ho ikamahanya le morabe	vhumirafho	ntlawa wa ririmi ro karhi
oertb_data_84	ethnographic present	etnografiese hede	i-ethnografi ngokwesikhathi esithile	ubukho benzululwazi yobuhlanga	kuchazwa kwelisiko	ukuba khona kwamasiko	go ba gona ga taodišoserafe	tlhagiso ya morafe mo nakong ya jaanong	nako ya jwale e laolwang ke bomorabe	vhuhone ha murafho	nhlamuselo ya vukona bya vanhu vo karhi ku ya hi swihlawulekisi swa mfuwo, ndhavuko na mukhuva wa vona
oertb_data_85	ethnography	etnografie	i-ethnografi	inkcazo yenzululwazi ngobuhlanga	kuchazwa kwetive temhlaba	ihlathululo yesiko, i-ethnografi	taodišoserafe	thadiso ya morafe	phuputso ya morabe o itseng	ngudamirafho	nhlamuselo ya vanhu vo karhi ku ya hi swihlawulekisi swa mfuwo, ndhavuko na mikhuva ya vona
oertb_data_86	ethnology	etnologie	isayensi lezezinhlobo zabantu	inzululwazi ngeentlanga	kwati ngetinhlobo tebantfu	imadaniso lokuhlaziywa kamasiko, i-ethnoloji	thutaserafe	thadiso ya ditso	thuto ya merabe	mbambedzamirafho	dyondzo ya swihlawulekisi swa vuxaka bya vanhu na ku hambana ka vona
oertb_data_87	etic	etiese benadering	i-ethikhi	i-etic	luhlangotsi lwekwati ngetinhlobo tebantfu	i-ethikhi	etic	etiki	etic	ethiki	mavonelo ehenhla ka nhlamuselo ya vanhu vo karhi ku ya hi swihlawulekisi swa mfuwo, ndhavuko na mikhuva ya vona
oertb_data_88	evolutionary theories of social change	evolusionêre teorieë van sosiale verandering	amathiyori oguquko lomphakathi ngokokusombuluka kwendalo	iithiyori, iingcinga zokudaleka kotshintsho lwezentlalo	imicondvo legucuka kancanekancane yekugucuka kwetenhlalo	amatiyori wemndabuko wokutjhuguluka komphakathi	diteori tša tlholego ya diphetogo tša leago	ditiori tsa ebolusi tsa phetogo ya loago	dikgopolo tsa diphetophetoho tse amang diphetoho setjhabeng	thyori dza tshandulatsiko dza tshandulakutshilele	tithiyori ta matumbulukelo ya munhu ta ku cinca ka vanhu
oertb_data_89	exogamy	eksogamie	i-ekizogami	ukutshata ngaphandle kohlanga	kushadela ngaphandle	ukutjhada umhlotjana	lenyalo la ka ntle ga sehlopha, letsenela	nyalanontle	ho nyala ka ntle ho leloko	nzeamutsinda	ku vuta wa rixaka rimbe
oertb_data_90	extended family	grootfamilie	umndeni omkhulu	usapho olunabileyo	umndeni lowenabile	umndeni ongezekileko	lapa le le okeditšwego	lelapa le le atologileng	lelapa le atileng	lushaka	ndyangu ni maxaka ya wona
oertb_data_91	fallow	braakland, onbewerkte land	ukulalisa insimu	phunyuziweyo	kugucula	ukwenza iintjalo zikhule zibe namandla	tsošološo ya monontšho wa mobu	legola	nontsho-botjha	vhuvhuvhu	ku buraka
oertb_data_92	family of orientation	oriënteringsgesin	umndeni esizalelwe kuwo	usapho lokuqhelanisa	umndeni lotalelwe kuwo	ijamo lomndeni	lelapa, legae	lelapa le motho a golelang mo go lone	lapa la matswallwa	muṱatsinde	ndlandlamuko wa ndyangu
oertb_data_93	feud, feuding	vete, twis, rusie	umbango	imbambano, imbambano enodushe	umbango	ukungazwani, ukulwa	ntwa, bonaba	letlhoo mo ditlhopheng tsa loago	dintwa	mitsutsu	mivangu ya xindyangu
oertb_data_94	feudalism	leenstelsel, feudalisme	ifyudalizimu	inkqubo yokubusisa ngomhlaba	umbango	umbango	feudalism, mokgwa wa leago wa Yuropa ya mehlagare	bobaba	kgatello ya setjhaba ke barui	fiyudaḽizimu	mivangu ya xindyangu
oertb_data_95	fictive kin	fiktiewe verwante	ubundeni obungebona obegazi nangokomshado	izalamne zobuntsomirha	sihlobo lesikhulu	iindlela zobuhlobo	batho ba leloko la boitlhamelo	losika la maitirelo	sekaleloko	mashaka nga khuliso	malume, hahani
oertb_data_96	foraging	snuffelgedrag	ukuforija	ukutya kweempahla	kudla kwetilwane	ukuburuja	motsomi wa dibjalo le diphoofolo tša tlhago	kgobokanyo ya dijo	ho sela	u tshela	vuhloti
oertb_data_97	fraternal polyandry	broederlike veelmannery	ukugana izelamani	ukuba namadoda amaninzi azalanayo	i-fraternal polyandry	ukwenda kibobaba abanengi	lenyalo la mosadi o tee la go ama sete ya borwarre	go nyalwa ke setlhopha sa bomorwarre	ho nyalwa ke bara ba motho	nzetshelannḓu	vukati bya nsati un'we eka vabuti vo tlula un'we
oertb_data_98	functional perspective	funksionele perspektief	umbono ngokwefankshinalizimu	imbono esebenzayo	incenye yeluhlangotsi	umbono osebenzako	ponego ya tirišo	ntlhatebo ya kamano ya setšhaba	kgopolo e sebetsang	ndangamikhuvha	mavonelo ya swa matirhelo ya xo karhi
oertb_data_99	functionalism	funksionalisme	ifankshinalizimu	amandla okwenza umsebenzi	kusebenta	ukuqakatheka kwento	teori ya go šoma	tiori ya tirisano ya setšhaba	ho sebetsa	tshumisano	nkoka wa nchumu wo karhi ku ya hi matirhelo ya wona

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Marito OERTB Multilingual Terminology Lists

Dataset Description

The OERTB (Open Resource Term Bank) Multilingual Terminology Lists dataset is a comprehensive collection of specialized terminology across multiple academic domains in South African languages. This dataset contains curated multilingual dictionaries and glossaries covering diverse fields including healthcare, education, technology, sports, and governance, specifically designed to support higher education contexts.

This collection is part of the broader Marito: South African Terminology, Lexicon, and Glossary Project, which is dedicated to the comprehensive collection, meticulous cleaning, and transformative processing of South African language terminology lists, lexicons, and glossaries. This initiative is an integral part of the broader mission of the Data Science for Social Impact (DSFSI) lab/group, which aims to liberate and openly share as many language resources as possible.

OERTB Project Purpose

The purpose of the Open Resource Term Bank (OERTB) project is to support the collaborative development and dissemination of terminological resources, and thereby promoting the use of African languages in teaching and learning at higher education institutions. More specifically, the project is aimed at promoting the African languages as vehicles for comprehending threshold concepts in academic disciplines through practices such as translanguaging – the process and practice of shuttling between students' home languages and English to facilitate comprehension, foster social cohesion and recognise students' linguistic identities.

Dataset Structure

The dataset consists of 1 JSONL files, each containing domain-specific terminology:

Files Overview

File	Domain	Description
`oertb_data.jsonl`	All_OERTB	Full OERTB Data

Data Format

Each JSONL file contains entries in the following structure:

{
  "id": "unique_identifier",
  "eng": "English term",
  "afr": "Afrikaans translation",
  "xho": "isiXhosa translation",
  "ssw": "siSwati translation",
  "nbl": "isiNdebele translation",
  "tsn": "Setswana translation",
  "nso": "Sepedi translation",
  "sot": "Sesotho translation",
  "ven": "Tshivenda translation",
  "tso": "Xitsonga translation",
  "eng_pos_or_descriptor": "Part of speech or descriptor in English",
  "eng_pos_or_descriptor_info": "Additional grammatical information",
  "[lang]_pos_or_descriptor": "Part of speech for each language",
  "[lang]_pos_or_descriptor_info": "Additional grammatical information for each language"
}

Languages Covered

The dataset includes terminology in 11 official South African languages:

English (eng)
Afrikaans (afr)
isiXhosa (xho)
siSwati (ssw)
isiNdebele (nbl)
Setswana (tsn)
Sepedi/Northern Sotho (nso)
Sesotho (sot)
Tshivenda (ven)
Xitsonga (tso)

Usage

Loading the Dataset

import json

def load_oertb_terminology(file_path):
    """Load OERTB terminology from JSONL file"""
    terms = []
    with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        for line in f:
            terms.append(json.loads(line))
    return terms

# Example usage
oertb_terms = load_oertb_terminology('oertb_data.jsonl')

Example Applications

Higher Education Support: Develop terminology resources for academic disciplines
Translanguaging Tools: Support shuttling between home languages and English
Threshold Concepts: Help students comprehend complex academic concepts in their languages
Language Learning: Create multilingual flashcards and vocabulary builders
Translation Tools: Develop domain-specific translation systems
Educational Resources: Build terminology databases for schools and universities
Research: Linguistic analysis and terminology standardization studies
NLP Applications: Train multilingual models for South African languages

Data Quality and Provenance

The quality and accuracy of each resource are maintained by the original authors contributing to the Open Resource Term Bank (OERTB) project, ensuring the integrity and authenticity of the linguistic data. The terminology has been curated and cleared by DSFSI (Data Science for Social Impact) for public release.

The OERTB project emphasizes collaborative development of terminological resources specifically designed to support higher education contexts and promote African languages as vehicles for academic comprehension.

For any questions or clarifications regarding the content, users are encouraged to directly contact the original authors through the OERTB project channels.

Citation

Paper Citation

[Placeholder for associated research paper - To be updated]

@article{[paper_key],
  title={[Paper Title]},
  author={[Authors]},
  journal={[Journal Name]},
  year={[Year]},
  url={[Paper URL]}
}

Authors and Contributors

[Placeholder for comprehensive list of authors and contributors - To be updated]

Original Authors

Open Resource Term Bank (OERTB) Project Contributors
Higher Education Terminology Development Community

Dataset Curation

Data Science for Social Impact (DSFSI)
[Additional contributors to be listed]

Project Information

Project Website: http://www.dsfsi.co.za/za-marito/
Project Name: Marito: South African Terminology, Lexicon, and Glossary Project
Organizing Institution: Data Science for Social Impact (DSFSI)

License

[License information to be specified based on DSAC and DSFSI requirements]

Contact

For questions regarding this dataset:

Technical Issues: Contact DSFSI team
Content Questions: Contact OERTB Project contributors
Project Information: Visit http://www.dsfsi.co.za/za-marito/

Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the Open Resource Term Bank (OERTB) Project contributors for their commitment to collaborative terminological resource development and their dedication to promoting African languages in higher education contexts. We also thank the Data Science for Social Impact (DSFSI) lab for their efforts in making these resources openly available to support translanguaging practices, threshold concept comprehension, and linguistic diversity in academic spaces.

The OERTB project's focus on supporting students' linguistic identities and facilitating comprehension through translanguaging practices represents a significant contribution to multilingual education in South Africa.

This dataset is part of the broader mission to liberate and openly share South African language resources, enhancing language preservation and supporting linguistic diversity in digital spaces. The OERTB project specifically aims to promote African languages as vehicles for academic comprehension and foster inclusive higher education environments through translanguaging practices.

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