Datasets:

deepset
/

covid_qa_deepset

document_id int32 185 2.68k	context stringclasses 147 values	question stringlengths 11 194	is_impossible bool 1 class	id int32 225 5.32k	answers sequence
630	Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752805/ Boily-Larouche, Geneviève; Iscache, Anne-Laure; Zijenah, Lynn S.; Humphrey, Jean H.; Mouland, Andrew J.; Ward, Brian J.; Roger, Michel 2009-10-07 DOI:10.1371/journal....	What is the main cause of HIV-1 infection in children?	false	262	{ "text": [ "Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the main cause of HIV-1 infection in children worldwide." ], "answer_start": [ 370 ] }
630	Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752805/ Boily-Larouche, Geneviève; Iscache, Anne-Laure; Zijenah, Lynn S.; Humphrey, Jean H.; Mouland, Andrew J.; Ward, Brian J.; Roger, Michel 2009-10-07 DOI:10.1371/journal....	What plays the crucial role in the Mother to Child Transmission of HIV-1 and what increases the risk	false	276	{ "text": [ "DC-SIGNR plays a crucial role in MTCT of HIV-1 and that impaired placental DC-SIGNR expression increases risk of transmission." ], "answer_start": [ 2003 ] }
630	Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752805/ Boily-Larouche, Geneviève; Iscache, Anne-Laure; Zijenah, Lynn S.; Humphrey, Jean H.; Mouland, Andrew J.; Ward, Brian J.; Roger, Michel 2009-10-07 DOI:10.1371/journal....	How many children were infected by HIV-1 in 2008-2009, worldwide?	false	278	{ "text": [ "more than 400,000 children were infected worldwide, mostly through MTCT and 90% of them lived in sub-Saharan Africa." ], "answer_start": [ 2291 ] }
630	Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752805/ Boily-Larouche, Geneviève; Iscache, Anne-Laure; Zijenah, Lynn S.; Humphrey, Jean H.; Mouland, Andrew J.; Ward, Brian J.; Roger, Michel 2009-10-07 DOI:10.1371/journal....	What is the role of C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 Like 1 (CCL3L1) in mother to child transmission of HIV-1?	false	316	{ "text": [ "High copy numbers of CCL3L1, a potent HIV-1 suppressive ligand for CCR5, are associated with higher chemokine production and lower risk of MTCT of HIV-1 among South African infants" ], "answer_start": [ 28143 ] }
630	Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752805/ Boily-Larouche, Geneviève; Iscache, Anne-Laure; Zijenah, Lynn S.; Humphrey, Jean H.; Mouland, Andrew J.; Ward, Brian J.; Roger, Michel 2009-10-07 DOI:10.1371/journal....	What is DC-GENR and where is it expressed?	false	305	{ "text": [ "Dendritic cell-specific ICAM-grabbing non-integrin-related (DC-SIGNR, also known as CD209L or liver/lymph node-specific ICAM-grabbing non-integrin (L-SIGN)) can interact with a plethora of pathogens including HIV-1 and is expressed in placental capillary endothelial cells" ], "answer_start": [ ...
630	Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752805/ Boily-Larouche, Geneviève; Iscache, Anne-Laure; Zijenah, Lynn S.; Humphrey, Jean H.; Mouland, Andrew J.; Ward, Brian J.; Roger, Michel 2009-10-07 DOI:10.1371/journal....	How does the presence of DC-SIGNR affect the MTCT of HIV-1?	false	306	{ "text": [ "the presence of DC-SIGNR at the placental endothelial cell surface may protect infants from HIV-1 infection by capturing virus and promoting its degradation/presentation." ], "answer_start": [ 28910 ] }
630	"Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1\n(...TRUNCATED)	Why do low levels of DC-SIGNR enhance Mother to Child Transmission of HIV-1?	false	307	{"text":["in placenta containing low levels of DC-SIGNR, HIV-1 would preferentially binds CCR5 on en(...TRUNCATED)
630	"Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1\n(...TRUNCATED)	What is the percentage of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV-1, when there is no intervention?	false	277	{"text":["Without specific interventions, the rate of HIV-1 mother-tochild transmission (MTCT) is ap(...TRUNCATED)
630	"Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1\n(...TRUNCATED)	Does C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) affect the transmission of HIV-1?	false	312	{"text":["Genetic variants in CCR5 have been shown to influence vertical transmission of HIV-1. CCR5(...TRUNCATED)
630	"Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1\n(...TRUNCATED)	How does Mannanose Binding Lectin (MBL) affect elimination of HIV-1 pathogen?	false	318	{"text":["Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is an innate immune receptor synthesised in the liver and sec(...TRUNCATED)

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Dataset Card for COVID-QA

Dataset Summary

COVID-QA is a Question Answering dataset consisting of 2,019 question/answer pairs annotated by volunteer biomedical experts on scientific articles related to COVID-19. A total of 147 scientific articles from the CORD-19 dataset were annotated by 15 experts.

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

[More Information Needed]

Languages

The text in the dataset is in English.

Dataset Structure

Data Instances

What do the instances that comprise the dataset represent? Each represents a question, a context (document passage from the CORD19 dataset) and an answer.

How many instances are there in total? 2019 instances

What data does each instance consist of? Each instance is a question, a set of answers, and an id associated with each answer.

[More Information Needed]

Data Fields

The data was annotated in SQuAD style fashion, where each row contains:

question: Query question
context: Context text to obtain the answer from
document_id The document ID of the context text
answer: Dictionary containing the answer string and the start index

Data Splits

data/COVID-QA.json: 2,019 question/answer pairs annotated by volunteer biomedical experts on scientific articles related to COVID-19.

[More Information Needed]

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

[More Information Needed]

Source Data

Initial Data Collection and Normalization

The inital data collected comes from 147 scientific articles from the CORD-19 dataset. Question and answers were then annotated afterwards.

Who are the source language producers?

[More Information Needed]

Annotations

Annotation process

While annotators were volunteers, they were required to have at least a Master’s degree in biomedical sciences. The annotation team was led by a medical doctor (G.A.R.) who vetted the volunteer’s credentials and manually verified each question/answer pair produced. We used an existing, web-based annotation tool that had been created by deepset and is available at their Neural Search framework haystack.

Who are the annotators?

The annotators are 15 volunteer biomedical experts on scientific articles related to COVID-19.

Personal and Sensitive Information

[More Information Needed]

Considerations for Using the Data

Social Impact of Dataset

The dataset aims to help build question answering models serving clinical and scientific researchers, public health authorities, and frontline workers. These QA systems can help them find answers and patterns in research papers by locating relevant answers to common questions from scientific articles.

Discussion of Biases

[More Information Needed]

Other Known Limitations

Additional Information

The listed authors in the homepage are maintaining/supporting the dataset.

Dataset Curators

[More Information Needed]

Licensing Information

The Proto_qa dataset is licensed under the Apache License 2.0

Citation Information

@inproceedings{moller2020covid,
  title={COVID-QA: A Question Answering Dataset for COVID-19},
  author={M{\"o}ller, Timo and Reina, Anthony and Jayakumar, Raghavan and Pietsch, Malte},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on NLP for COVID-19 at ACL 2020},
  year={2020}
}