Common Pile v0.1 Filtered Data
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An LLM pre-training dataset produced by filtering and deduplicating the raw text collected in the Common Pile v0.1
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2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1924-05-27 | US-71623224-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:1",
"publication_date": "1925-11-24T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Wrench
Patented Nov. 24, 19 25.
1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
' JACOB M. TWEIT, F HOLCOMBE, WISCONSIN.
WRENCH.
Application filed May 27, 1924. Serial No. 716,232.
a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled l in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
This'invention relates to wrenches, and has for one of its objects the provision of a device of this character which shall include a handle through the medium of which the jaws may be easily and quickly adjusted to fit bolt heads and nuts of different sizes, and through the medium ofwhich the jaws may be constantly urged in the direction of each other during the turning of a bolt or nut so as to prevent any casual movement between the wrench and the part being turned.
A further object of the invention is the provision of a wrench wherein the jaws will be positively held against any relative axial or turning movements.
A still further object of the invention is the provision of a wrench which may be used to hold a bolt against movement during the application of a nut thereto or the removal of the nut therefrom.
With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing,wherein:
Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a wrench constructed in accordance with my invention,
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on a plane extending centrally andlongitudinally through the wrench,
Fig. 3 is a detail sectional View taken on the plane indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line H of Fig. 1
Fig. 5 is a detail Sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line 55 of Fig. 2, and
Fig. 6 is a detail view illustrating a slightly modified construction ofthe jaws of the wrench. I
The wrench comprises a bar. 1 which is preferably of elliptical formation in crosssectionand which is provided at one end-- with an inner or relatively stationary jaw 2. The bar 1 is provided with a boreexv tending throughout the entire length there of and having a portion 3ofelliptical formation in cross-section and a portions of cylindrical formation. The outer end of the cylindrical portion 4 ofthe bore of the bar 1 is counter bored to provide a socket 5 in which the inner end of a hollow handle 6 l is rotatably mounted. A nut 7 is secured within the inner end of" the handle 6 by a screw 8 which due to its locationwithinthe socket 5 is held against accidental dis placement. I
A shank 9 of elliptical formation in cross section is slidably mounted in the'bore of end with an outer or relatively movable jaw 10. The shank9 has a snug fit in the elliptical portion 3 of the bore of the bar 1 to prevent any relative lateral or rotary movements of the jaws 2 and 10.At its inner end, the shank 9 is provided with a "the bar 1, and it is provided at its outer reduced threaded stem 11 which passes freely through a washer or abutment 12 secured by screws 13 within the socket 5inwardly of the inner end of the handle 6 and which passes through then ut 7 into the handle 6, the stem having screw-threaded engagement withthe nut.
the cylindrical portion 1 of the bore of the A spring 14;, V which surrounds the stem 11, is mounted in rod 1 between the washer 12 and a washer 15 positioned upon the stem in contact with the inner end of the shank 9, and serves in conjunction with the handle 6 to prevent the jaws2 and 10 from having any casual relative axial movements. To prevent the stem 11 from being disconnected from the handle 6 during the outward adjustment of the jaw 10, the stem is provided with a cotter-pin 16, ata point outwardly beyond the nut 7.
Preferably, the jaw 10 is provided with a smooth active face 17 and the jaw 2 with a toothed active face 18, the toothed active face permitting a firm j grip to be secured upon a nut or head of a bolt. Both jaws 2and 10 are provided with flanges 19 which 9 are adapted to be inserted beneath the head of a round-headed bolt when it is desired to use the wrench tor-the purpose of holding the bolt against turning movement while ap plying a nut to or removing it from the bolt.
The flanges 19 are located at corresponding sides of the jaws 2 and 10,and they extend beyond the active faces of the jaws, and their inner sides are inclined vast shown in nut engaging jaws 2 and 10. The pipeengagingjaws-ZF and 10 are provided'with toothed-arcuate active facesEZO'endMQl, re-
Speotively,
F rem the foregoing description, taken no connection with the accompanying draws ing,.it will be seen that the jaws are adapted to bed-adjusted through a-turning movement of the, handle. 6, and tha towing thereto the jaws. may be readily adjusted and constantly urged inthe direction of each other while I i the wrench-1s 1111138. The spring li'tunctions to prevent casual inward movement of the aw 10 andcasualrotationofthe handle 6. The flanges 19 onthe jaws 2 and a 10 adaptthewrenoh tor use as a bolt holder,
and when so used the flanges engage the inner side of the bolt head andthe jaws engage v then lateral sides of the bolt head. Ifa-i'terbeingapplied to the head of a bolt,
the wrench is moved into contact with thev part adapted to prevent its rotation, both hands ot the operator will be left free to apply aa nut toor remove it *from the bolt.
It should be understood that the drawing is merely illustrative and doesnot pretend to give exact proportions. Furthermore, the said drawing is illustrative of a preferred construction, it being my expectation thatvariousehanges and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.v
What is-claimed is A wrench comprising. a bar provided with a borehavingcircular and non-circular portions,-the outer end of the circular portion of the bore being enlarged to provide a socket, a shankofnon-circular formation in cross-section slidably mounted inthe bore and provided fat its outer end with a jaw and at its inner end with a reduced screw threaded store, an abutment removably secured within the socket, a spring located" within the bore between the shank andabutment, a hollow handle having ts nner end reinovably positioned inthe socket in contact with the abutment, an ut threaded on the stem and located within the inner end of the handle, and a nut-receiving element carried by the handle and engaging the nut and located within the socket.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature,
J AOOB M. TWEIT.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1917-04-11 | US-16136517-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:2",
"publication_date": "1918-12-10T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Machine for removing the flax-seed from the flax.
EQVAN BRABANT.
MACHINE FOR REMOVING THE FLAX SEED FROM THE FLAX; APPLICATION FILED APR.11. 19H.
1,28%525, Patented Dec.10, 1918.
flu: lot-u arms 00.. rumumn. Iuulnmon. n a
EIDOUARD VAN BRABANT, 0F MAIDA VALE, LONDON, ENG-LAND.
MACHINE FOR REMOVING THE FLAX-SEED FROM THE FLAX.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Dec. 10, 1918.
Application filed April 11, 1917. Serial No. 161,365.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, EDoUARD VAN BRA- BANT, a citizen of the Republic of France, and resident of Maida Vale, in the county of London, Kingdom of England, have invented a certain new and useful Machine for Removing the Flax-Seed from the Flax, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to an improved machine particularly adapted for use in removing or extracting the seed from flax.
The invention has for its object to provide a machine of simple and inexpensive construction which is manually operated and whereby the seed can be easily, quickly and efiectively separated from the fibers, stems or stalks of the flax.
A suitable construction of the machine will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine; and
Fig. 2 represents an end elevation of the same.
The machine illustrated comprises a wooden or other stand a upon whichis rotatably mounted in suitable bearings a shaft 1; having a hand wheel or fly wheel a secured to one of its ends and a roller or drum (Z fixed on its other end. Disposed above the roller or drum d is a second and freely mounted roller or drum 6 carried on one end of a second shaft f which is mounted on the stand. The roller 6 may be loosely mounted onthe shaft 7 and the latter be fixed on the stand, or said shaft may berotatably mounted and the said roller be fixed thereon. One or both ofthe shafts may be vertically adjustable in relation to the stand.
To separate or extract the seed from the flax the latter is passed or drawn through between the rollers or drums and the latter arrest the passage of said seed and the husks and strip the same from the fibers,stems or stalks. The roller or drum (Z can be driven by turning the handwheel 0 while the lower ends of the stems or stalks of the flax are Worked between the two rollers 0r drums and pulled through them, thus causing the roller 6 to also rotate, the weight of the wheel assisting the action of the rollers or drums as the flax passes between them.
What I claim is A machine for separating seed from flax, comprising a frame, a manually operable plain roller projecting beyond the frame and secured on a shaft, and a second loosely mounted plain roller mounted onthe frame and projecting beyond the latter and disposed over the manually operated roller, the outer ends of the rollers being unsupported and entrance to the gap at the'free ends of the rollers being unobstructed so that the flax can be inserted and drawn throughthe rollers by hand, the seed and husks being arrested from passing between the rollers by the action of the latter and thereby stripped from the stalks.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.
' EDOUARD VAN! BRABANT.
Copies of this patent may be obtained for live cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of I Patents,
\ Washington, D. C.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1929-06-25 | US-37355629-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:3",
"publication_date": "1931-07-21T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Shield attachment for claw bars
July 21, 1931.
J. w. PETERSEN ET AL 1,815,114
SHIELD ATTACHMENT FOR CLAW BARS Filed June 25, 1929 In vent om A tiorneyPatented July 21, 1931 STATES JOHN w. PETERSEN ANDEMERYrBEVABD,rongnsannnvlnnn; IOWA.
SHIELD ATTACHMENT 130B. CL AVST BARS Application filed June 25,
This invention relates to claw bars and has more particular reference toa shield for a claw bar, said shield being especially designed so as to protect the user of the claw 5 bar from the danger of being struck bythe flying head of a spike, since as is very often the case, when pulling a spike from a tie or the like with a claw bar, the head of the spike will fly off and injure the person operating the claw bar.
Another very important object of the invention is to provide a shield ofthe above mentioned nature, which is very simple in construction, can be attached to any conven- 15 tional make of claw bar, will not interfere in any way with the usual operation of the claw bar, is inexpensive, andis thoroughly reliable and practical in operation.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during a study of the following description, taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a claw r bar showing a practical application of the invention.
Figure 2 is a side view thereof.
Figure 3 is a front elevation thereof.
With reference more in detail to the drawings, it will be seen that 5designates generally a claw bar of conventional construction comprising the handle or shank 6, and claw head 7. As illustrated the shield is preferably formed from a single piece of metal and consists of a substantially rounded flat head portion 8, merging into a rearwardly andupwardly extending shank portion 9. The shank 9 is substantially U-shaped in formation being provided with the side web 10, said webtapering in width and merging into the head 8 of the shield. The head is further provided with a sight opening 11.
In practice, the shield is pivotally connected or attached to the shank6 of the claw bar at the juncture of the shank and claw head 7, the webs10 of the shank being disposed one to each side of the shank 6 of the claw bar, and a through as illustrated at 12, providing a pivot pin forthe shield. Thus it will be single bolt passed there- 192a Seriahli'o.37,73,556.
seen that.in norm ah positions the head 8 of the shield is adapted to rest on the claw of the bar, in such a manner as not to interfere withthe claw, the shield being at the same time permitted to raise upwardlyfromthe claw, so that the shank of a bolt may be gripped by the claw inthe usual manner,
in which case the shield will cover the head of the bolt. This being the case, it will be seen that when a pull or pressure is exerted 0 upon the claw bar for pulling a spike out of a rail ply or the like, should the end of the spike become broken off, the head will be prevented from flying oif and injuring the one operating the bar, since it is ap parent that the broken head of the spike will first strike against the shield so that even if the force is enough to raise the shield, the same will only be raised a suitable height, since it is apparent that the shank 9of the shield will strike against the shank of the claw bar, as forexample to a position shown in Figure 1. Thus, the force of the flying head will be arrested, since the same will merely strike the shield andthen fall harm lessly to one side. The plate 11 formed in the shield will of course permit the user to see the head of the spike and thus the shield will in no way interfere with the operator from gripping the spike in the usual" manner.
From the foregoing then, it will be seen that we have provided a thoroughly practical and efficient shield for use with claw bars and which will be found to be thor' oughly practical and reliable in use and otherwise well adapted for the purpose designed.
Even though we have herein shown and described the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the same is susceptible to changes fully comprehended by the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claim.
What is claimed is: v a
A shield for claw bars, comprising a body formed from a single blank of material and including a relatively large head portion merging into a relatively narrow elongated shank portion extending upwardly andoutwardly from said head portion, said shank portion being substantially inverted U- shaped in cross section and adapted to receive between the sides thereof adjacent the free end of the shank, the handle portion ofa claw bar and a pivot bolt extending thru the sides of said shank portion and an adjacent portion of the claw bar for pivotally supporting said shield in operative position with respect to the claw of said claw bar, and the head portion of said shield remote from said shank provided with a sight opening.
tures.
JOHN W. PETERSEN. EMERY BEVARD.
In testimony whereof we afi ix our signa-
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | None | US-205091D-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:4",
"publication_date": "1878-06-18T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Improvement in lap-links
M. HOWARD. Lap-Link.
No. 205,091. Patented June 18, 18 78.
Attorneys N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRIPNER WASHINGTON. D. C,
UNITED STATES PATENT OE'EI oE. I
MATTHEW HOWARD, OF PARIS, KENTUCKY.
IMPROVEMENT IN LAP-LINKS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 205,091, dated June 18,1878; application filed May 15, 1878.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, MATTHEW HOWARD, of Paris, in the county of Bourbon,and in the State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lap-Links; and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,making a part of this specification.
The nature of my invention consists in the peculiar construction of an open link, with spring secured thereto for closing the opening in the link, the peculiarities of which will be hereinafter described.
To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to de scribe its construction and operation.
In the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, Figure1 is a section, and Fig. 2 an edge View, showing the spring.
In the figures, A represents the link of a chain, which has an opening cut in one side sufficient to receive another link, or the article to which it is to be connected. This opening is covered by a spring, B. One end of the spring is let just its depth into one end of the link, and is there securely riveted. The other end of the spring lies under the other end ofthe link, the link being slightly notched,
and the spring being sufficiently tapered, so that when it presses against the link it will be flush, and a smooth surface will be formed on the inside of the link, and this at both ends of the spring.
The end of the link projecting over the loose end of the link is sobeveled from the end of the spring, as seen at an, outwardly andupwardly, that a space is left between them for the purpose of more readily entering the ring to which it is to be connected. This link maybe used for the purpose of connecting broken chains, or for a snap-hook or other similar purposes.
Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
The open link A, having its end beveled at w, in combination with a spring, a, one end of which is riveted in a recess in the inner side ofthe ring, and both ends of which are flush with the inner surface of the link, as and for the purpose set forth.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this11th day of
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1947-11-12 | US-78523747-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:5",
"publication_date": "1950-09-12T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Heat control device
Sept. 12, 1950 c..c. PRINCE HEAT con'mor. DEVICE Filed Nov, 12, 1947 .Re6 00 8 1 i 3. r w. .p e HG. Z 4/ r w 2% a 2 C 6 8 1 02 2 3 d, a fi ZATTCJ R N EYS Patented Sept. 12, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE2,522,464 HEAT CONTROL DEVICE Charles 0. Prince, Raleigh, N. '0.Application November 12, 1947, Serial No. 785,237
My present invention relates to an improved thermostatic oil flowcontrol of the type especially adapted for use with space heaters and soar- 1 Claim. (Cl. 236-459) ranged as to automatically cut off the flow of oil 4 of the conventional oil flow valve reaches a predeterbyactuation when the room temperature mined point.
.A more even control of the burner operation and resultant maintenance of room temperature will bring about a saving in oil and also a more comfortable temperature in the air of the room.
In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated one complete example ofthe physical embodiment of my invention according to the best mode Ihave thus far devised but it will be understood that various changes and alterations may be made in the exemplified structure within the scope ofthe appended claim.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the device of my invention as used in connection with an oil flow valve assembly.
Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of my device.
Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view.
Fig. 4 is a front elevational view.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view at line 5--5 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view at line 6-6 of Fig. 5.
Referring now to the drawings I have illustrated the present preferred embodiment of the structure of my invention as used with a conventional valve casing having a cover 2 and an oil tube fitting 4 and provided with a valve stem actuator 6.
In my invention I employ an open bottom housing having a rear wall 8 and front wall I0 formed with an aperture ll therein, and end walls [2 with cover l4.
A rearwardly extending flange I6 is normally secured by screws l8 to the valve casing, and within the housing I utilize a transverse bar 20journaled in the walls of the housing and secured thereto rigidly is the thermostat arm 22 connected with the thermostat 24 of the bellows type.An actuator arm 26 abuts the thermostat and is positioned in the path ofits expansive movement at 28. A pivoted support bar 30 supports the actuator arm and its valve contact arm and is journaled at 32 in the end walls of the housing.
A control bar 34 has a central U-crank 36 located under the thermostat arm 22 and the control bar is journaled at 38 in the end walls of the housing. A cotter pin 48 secures the free end of the bar in position andthe other end has a control arm 42 formed with an in turned end 44movable under the indicia plate 46 on the exterior of one side wall ofthe housing. The in turned end 44 friction ally engages the side wall ofthe housing to retain the arm in the desired position after it has been moved to agree with the indicia plate 46. Thus if the control arm 42 is turned to move the thermostat closer to the arm 26 or further from the arm 26 the thermostat 24 will be caused to operate at a lower or higher temperature.
With the control bar set at the desired position to regulate the minimum temperature to be maintained, the thermostat will expand under any rise in temperature to rock the actuator arm and depress the valve contact arm to close the valve of the casing and shut off the supply of oil tothe burner. As the temperature declines and the thermostat contracts the contact arm will raise allowing the oil to pass.
By this simple construction the desired constant temperature may be maintained on any conventional type of space heater, and being simple in operation and requiring no electrical connections may be installed and maintained by the most inexperienced person.
Having thus fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
In a control for use with an oil flow valve for space heaters having a valve stem actuator and said control having a box-like housing provided with an open bottom adapted to receive the oil flow valve the improvement comprising, a bar journal led in the housing transversely thereof, a heat responsive element in the housing, an arm on one side of the element rigid with the bar,
' an actuator arm within the housing abutting the element on the opposite side thereof, a pivoted support bar journal led transversely ofthe housing below but parallel to said first bar, and said support bar being secured to and supporting said actuator arm, a control barjournal led transversely of the housing intermediate of and parallel withthe two first said bars, a central U-shaped crank in said control bar adapted to abut the armon the element, a control arm on the outer end of said control bar, adapted to coincide with indicia placed on the outside of said housing,
I whereby when said control arm is adjusted in relation to said indiciathe crank in said control bar will engage the arm on said element to regulate the control of said oil flow valve.
CHARLES C. PRINCE.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,712,841 Powers et al May 14,1929 1,720,522 Ludwick July 9, 1929 1,873,124 Hill Aug. 23, 19322,120,669 Hill June 14, 1938 2,406,088 Martin Aug. 20, 1946 2,440,942Gilbert May 4, 1948
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1901-05-17 | US-1901060788-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:6",
"publication_date": "1902-06-17T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial stone.
' No. 702,523." Patented lune l7, I902. F; MARX.
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ABTIFIGIAL STONE.
(Application filed May 17, 1901.)
v zzvezizfon n: Noam: PETERS co momurna, \m summon n c tion in the accompanying drawing'.
UNITED- STATES] PATENT GFFICE.
FRIEDRICH MARX, OF LEIPSIC, GERMANY.
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE.
SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent N 0. 702,573, dated June 17,1902.
Application filed May 17, 1901. Serial No. 60,788. (No model.)
T0 alt whom it may concern.-
Be 1t known that I, FRIEDRICH MARX, manufacturer, a subject of theKingof Saxony, and
a resident of No. 28 Berlinerstrasse, Lei ps ic, in the Kingdom of Saxony and Empire of Germany, have-invented ce'rt ain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Artificial Stone, of whichthe'following is a specification.
This invention relates to an apparatus for .the manufacture of artificial stone free from pores and unassailable by moisture or atmospheric influences and which'does not break or shrink and on account ofits dense and uniform consistency is particularly adapted for use forlithographic purposes, as it is'at least quite equal and 'in cert ain respects superior to natural lithographic stones.
An apparatus for thejfmanufacture of artificial stone of this description is shown in sec- The same consists, essentially, of a mixing device a in the form of a cylinder which can be closed hermetically.Above the cylinder is arranged a funnel I), under which is an opening 0in the cylinder for the introduction of the material. 7 Upon the opposite side to this opening 0 is another opening in the cylinder,leading to the union d, which can be closed by a stop-cock. Within the cylinder are the mixing-balls for mixing and further grinding of the already-ground materiahj while above this union is a guard or sieve e' to prevent the falling out ofthe said balls duringthe discharge of the liquid mass. Above this mixing device is a vessel f, which is so connected to the mixing-drum a as to be easily detached and which serves to receive a lye of magn'esi um chlorid for' the purpose of saturatingthe ground material in-the'mixing-d-rum."
This lye must be conducted from the vessel f to the mixing-drum a throughthe said connecting-tube g without air being carried with the liquid.
Beneath the mixing-drum Ct is a mold-box for the reception of'the material, and in conformity with the entire manufacture of the stone,which takes place ifl'oacuo, the said material must reach the mold-box in mono. To efi ect this, the said mold-box is arranged in a casing 72,which can be closed hermetically by means of a cover 2' and Which being mounted on rails can easily be moved away in a lateral direction. A telescopic and movable pipe is attached tothe cover t for the purposeofeffecting an air-tight connection betweeuthe mixing-drum a and the casing 71,
the said'pipe lo 'being arranged'to'slide into the union d and attached at that end. The
form'ot marble or, if the consistency and quality of the fi'nishedpr'oductare not of very great moment, in the form of limestone,with an addition of burnt magnesite in a. proportion corresponding tothe desired quality and hardness of the'stone; further, two parts of finely-pulverized burnt magnesite and two parts of puremagnesi um-chlorid lye of 25 to 30 Baum. varied within cert ain limits.
This mixture can, however, be Commercial chlorid of magnesi um cannot beused for this 1 process without further preparation, but itself or its concentrated solution must be sub- 'mitted to a purifying process.jplished by simply submitting the solution for ten to twelve days to the atmospheric air, whereby the'i'mpurities, particularly sodium This'isaccomchlorid, magnesi um sulfate, ahdjother. salts, crystallizeout,j while clay and organic substances deposit on the bottom. Bythisoperation alladmixtures, amounting to about ten per cent. of the raw material, are separated and the remaining solution of chlorid ofmagnesi um can be considered as chemically pure. With the'aid of the material thus purified artificial stones can be produced which ofier a perfect resistance against the influence of air and do not undergo inthe course of time any change in their form. Moreover, such stones show such a uniform structure that they can easily be polishedandused aslithographic stone, in 'which case theyhave many advantages over naturallithographic stones. If no great resistance toi weather and durability is required, un purified or only slightly-purified materials can be used.
The manufacturing process is here as follows: The desired quantity ofafinely-ground mixture in suitable proportions of calcium carbonate andmagnesite is introduced. through the funnel b and the opening 0 into the drum a, whereupon after hermetically closing the drum the connection is made between the latter and the injector, so that on the operation ofthe latter a vacuum is produced in the drum corresponding to a column of water of about thirteen feet. Hereby the air is drawn out of the pores of the powdered mixture, and consequently on moistening the powder the moisture will force its way into the pores, thereby preventing the formation of empty spaces or fissures in the finished stone. The supply of chlorid of magnesi um solution acting as moistening means from thereceiverf is effected by connecting the latter with the drum through the connecting-pipe Whereupon after opening the stop-cocks the solution willbe drawn into the drum, and after disconnecting the pipe 9 an intimate mixture of the contents is effected by revolving the drum. If required,the drum can be exhausted once more to remove any traces of air from the mixture. The connection between the drum and the casing h is then effected by attaching the connecting-pipe 7a to the union d, the said casing containing the mold I and being hermetically closed by the cover'1'. Upon effecting a connection by a branch pipe to the injector m a vacuum is also produced in the casing corresponding to a column of water of about twenty-three feet; but in any case it should exceed the vacuum in the drum. The descent of the contents of the drum into the mold-frame Z takes place automatically after opening the stop-cocks in the union dand the connecting-pipe 7c. The very fluid and uniform mass completely deprived of air spreads out in the mold-box l, which after detaching the respective connecting means and opening the cover 1' can be lifted out and then left until the solidification of the mass takes place. As soon as a fresh mold-box has been placed into the casing and the latterhermetically closed and again connected with the drum a fresh stonecaube produced. The solidification of the mass, owing to the action of the chemical combination of the substances employed, takes place under the development of a considerable temperature of say, 212 to 270 Fahrenheit,thereby facilitating the drying of the mass. Lastly, a rising of them ass cannot, however, take place, as no air is shut Having now described and as cert ai ned the nature of my invention and the manner of carrying thesameinto effect, be it known that what I consider novel, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-
In an improved apparatus for the manufacture of artificial stone free of pores, from a mixture of burnt magnesite, calcium carbonate and a lye ofmagnesi um chlorid as moistening means, from which latter the impurities have been removed by submitting to atmospheric air, whereby the said impurities settle down and, in consequence of the extraction of the salts, a consistent and un variable product is obtai ned, especially suitable for lithogra jihic stones, the combination of ahermetically-closable drum ct, mounted rotatably, containing mixing-balls and provided with moistening means f and g, an opening 0 inthe drum, a funnel b there above for the charge of the drum, ahermetically-closable mold-casing h containing a mold-box l and a connecting-piece between the mixing-drum a and the casing it, this connecting-piece being provided with a telescopic ally-extending pipe7t", adapted to slide into the union d of the mixing-drum in such manner that the said drum a and the casing h become hermetically connected,whereby after exhaustion of the air, for instance by means of an injector or the like, no more air can again enter through the connecting-piece 7.1 and the production of the stone is effected inuncuo, essentially as and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature in presence of two witnesses.
FRIEDRICH MARX. lVitnesses:
Monitrz HORN, FRANZ MULLER.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1913-10-23 | US-1913796834-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:7",
"publication_date": "1916-07-18T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Circuit-breaker.
H. S. BEAKES.
CIRCUIT BREAKER.
APPLICATION FILED OCT-23I 1913. 1,191,146. 1 Patented Jul ls, 1916.
2 SHEETS-SHEET I- Maynefizalle M y FIG. 2
I -Maynefjzafle [Z Z0 J) Z3 m v .1 J. z!
wrrnzss: A mv zm'on I M A5 11 ZN CZ'% W 5 vflag H. s. BEAKES.
CIRCUIT BREAKER.
APPLICATION FILED OCT-23. I913.
Patented July 18, 1916.
2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.
FIG. 3
L Ma /zefiza He FIG. 4
Mayne/42a:
WITNESSES INVENTOR rum MRI/s I-Ir nu 0a.. FMOMITNO, vunmarom 04 a UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.
HOWARD S. BEAKES, 0F WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNIONSWITCH & SIGNAL COMPANY, OF SWISSVALE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.
CIRCUIT-BREAKER.
Application filed October 23, 1913.
To It whom it may concern.
Be it known that I, HOWARD S. BEAKES, a citizen of the United States,residing at NVilkinsbur-g, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Circuit-Breakers, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to circuit breakers of the overload type, and particularly to breakers of this type which are operated to open a circuit by a prolonged current above a given value but which are not operated to open the circuit by a momentary surge of current above the given value or by a current of brief duration above the given value.
One object of my invenion is the provision of a circuit breaker of this type in which the operation by momentary surges of current or by current of brief duration above the given value is prevented solely by'electric or electromagnetic means, thus avoiding the necessity for mechanical or pneumatic means for accomplishing this purpose.
I will describe several forms of circuit breakers embodying my invention, and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view showing in side elevation a circuit breaker of the magnet-and-armature type and including one form of means embodying my invention for preventing operation by momentary surges. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing another form of means embodying my invention for preventing operation by momentary surges or by current of brief duration above the given value. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing a modification of the means shown therein for preventing opera tion by momentary surges or by current of brief duration above the given value.Fig. 4: is a view showing a circuit breaker of the solenoid and plungertype including one form of means embodying my invention for preventing operation by momentary surges.
Similar reference'characters refer to similar parts in each of the several views.
Referring first to Fig. 1, the reference character 1 designates aU-shaped yoke of magnetiz able material, usually soft iron, to the inside faces of the legs of which are secured two magnet cores 2 and 3 respec-Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented July 18, 1916.
Serial No. 796,834.
tively, also of magnetiz able material usually soft iron. An armature aof magnet iz able material, usually soft iron, is pivoted to the yoke about midway between the two legs as shown, and is adapted to move between pole-pieces 2 and 5 on the ends of the two magnet core sQ and 3.This armature is prevented from actual contact with either pole-piece by short core pins 5 and 6 of non-magnetiz able material to prevent sticking due to residual magnetism. Pole-piece 3 is preferably shaped somewhat as shown, so that when the armature lies against this pole-piece the airgap between the two will have low reluctance. The armature is biased by suitable means, as here shown by gravity, to the position shown in the drawing, that is, to engagement with core pin 5 of core 3.
Core 2 is provided with a winding 7 which forms part of a direct current circuit which the circuit breaker controls. The parts of the device are so proportioned that when the current in the circuit exceeds a certain given 'value, magnet 2 will be sufficiently powerful to raise armature 4unless this armature is held down by a force other than gravity. One feature of my invention is the provision of means controlled by current in the circuit for exerting such another force on the armature during a momentary surge of current above the given value, but not during a prolonged current in excess of the given value, so that the armature 4Lwill not be raised by magnet 2 during a momentary surge of current above the given value. This means I will now describe.
Magnet core 3 is provided with a winding 10 which is included in a local circuit which is in inductive relation to the main or line circuit, sothat variations in value of the current in the main circuit will cause currents in the circuit of winding 10. As here shown, this'inductive relation is secured by placing a second winding 11 on core 2 and connecting it in circuit with winding 10, the circuit between windings11 and 10 being completed by conductors 12 and 13. Since the line circuit which feeds winding 7 carries direct current, it is obvious that when the value of the current therein is constant, no current will be induced in winding 11 and winding 10 will therefore not be energized, so magnet 3 then exerts no force on armature 1-. But when the value of the current in the line circuit varies, current will be induced in winding11 during the period of such variation, and magnet 23 will then be energized and will exert force on armature 1.
The operation of the parts of the device thus far described is as follows: As long as the current in the line circuit is equal to or below the given value, magnet 2 is not strong enough to raise armature it against the force of gravity. Assume now that a momentary surge of current above the given value occurs in the circuit controlled by the breaker; during the time the current is increasing in value, current inone direction is induced in winding 11, and while the line current is decreasing in value current in the other direction is induced in winding11, hence during the entire surge magnet 3 is energized and prevents thearmature 1 from being raised by magnet A comparatively small current in winding is suiiicient to prevent armature 1- being raised by magnet 2even when the winding 7 of this magnet carries a comparatively heavy current, because of the relatively small air gap between the armatureand pole piece 3, and the relatively large air gap between the armatureand pole piece 2. Assume now that the current in the circuit controlled by the breaker rises above the given value and remains substantially constant at a value above the given value. While the current is rising,induced current will flo as before in magnet winding 10 and the armature1 will be held down, but as soon as the line circuit current becomes constant the induced current ceases so that magnet 3 no longer exerts a force on the armature, and magnet 2 then raises the armature against pole-piece 2.
The armature t may be employed to control one or more contacts in any desired manner. As here shown, a stationary carbon block 1 1 is mounted in a support 16 of insulating material fixed to the upper leg of the yoke 1, and another carbon block is carried by a spring 17 which is mounted in a block 18 of insulating material fixed to the lower leg ofthe yoke 1. The spring 17 tends to straighten itself out so that contact1l15 is open, but the spring may be held by suitable means in such position that this contact is closed. As here shown, this means comprises a latch 19 pivotally conn cted with the spring at point 21 and hav ing a shoulder 19 adapted to engage a. hook 2O fixed to the block18. This latch 19 may be kicked out of hooking engagement with hook by a toe at fixed to the armature 4, so that when the armature is raised it causes contact 1115 to be opened. The spring 17 may be replaced to the closed position by a handle Contact 1 l15 is included in the circuit controlled by the circuit breaker;
in Fig. 1 I have indicated diagrammatically a circuit which may be traced as follows from battery 39 through a switch 38, a motor 37, wire9, winding 7, wire 8, contact 1 115, spring 17, wire to battery it is understood that this circuit is purely illustrative, and that a circuit breaker embodying my invention is not limited to use in a circuit ofthis type.
The circuit breaker shown in Fi 2 is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 1, except as 10 the windings of magnets :2 and 3.Referring to Fig. 2, the winding for magnet 3, which I have here designated 10.
is formed of wire whose resistance increases with increase of temperature; for example, it may be of iron wire, the resistance ofwhich at red heat is approximately three times its resistance when cold.This \Yilld. ing is energized from the line circuit in any suitable manner, for example, as here shown by connecting it in shunt to the winding 7 for magnet 2. The branch including winding 10" is from wire 8through wire 21, winding 10, wire 27 to wire 5). Winding 10 will then always carry current when current is flowing in the line circuit. The parts of the apparatus are so proportioned that when the current in the line is below the given value at which it is desired that the circuit breaker should operate, the current flowing in winding 10 is of such value that the temperature of the wire in this winding is comparatively low. The resistance of this winding is then comparatively low and this winding then takes a certain portion of the total current flowing in the line circuit, so that armature 1- is held down with considerable force by magnet The portion of the current which then flows in winding 7 isinsuiiicient to cause magnet 2 to raise armature 1 against gravity andthe action of magnet 3. \V hen, however, the current in the line circuit rises above the given value, and remains above this value for a definite length of time. the temperature of the wire in winding 10 rises. The resistance of winding 10 then increases so that winding 7 then carries a larger proportion of the total current than before, and the current inthis winding is then sullicient to cause magnet 2 to raise armature 1against gravity and against the action of magnet 3, thereby opening contact 1-115. ll ut during a momentary surge of the line current above the given value there is not suilicient time for an appreciable rise of temperature of winding 10, and the increased current in winding 7 is notsuilicient to raise armature hence the circuit breaker will not be op res Then, obviously, it will remain closed for a shorter length of time on a current higher than this certain value, and for a longer length of time on a lower current. The core pin which separates armature 4 from pole piece 3, and which is designated by 5 in Fig. 2, is here shown as being comparatively long, for the reason that winding 10 is energized when the circuit breaker should kick off, and if the air gap permitted by this core pin were too short the armature would be held down by even the small current then flowing in winding 10 It is understood that the circuit breaker shown in Fig. 2 may be included in a circuit which is similar to the circuit shown in Fig. 1.
Referring now to Fig. 3, the circuit breaker here shown is similar to that shown in Fig. 2, except that the lower magnet 3 is omitted, and ac oil of iron wire 10 is connected in shunt to winding 7 by wires 24 and25. In this modification the armature 4 is held down by gravity only.The parts are so proportioned that when the current in the line circuit is below the given value at which it is desired that the circuit breaker should operate, the current then flowing in coil 10 is of such value that the temperature of the wire in this coil is comparatively low. The resistance of this coil is then comparatively low, and it takes a certain proportion of the total current flowing in the line circuit; the balance of the current, which flows in winding 7, is then insuflicientto raise armature 4. When, however, the line circuit current rises above the given value and remains above this value for a certain length of time, the temperature and consequently the resistance of the coil 1Orise, so that the winding 7 then carries a larger proportion of the total current than before, and this current is sufficient to raisearmature 4. But during a momentary surge of the line current above the given value, there is not suflicient time for an appreciable rise of temperature of coil 10*, so that the current in winding 7 is notsuliicient to raise arma ture 4 and the circuit breaker is therefore not operated. As explained hereinbefore in connection with Fig. 1, the parts may be so designed that the circuit breaker will remain closed for a definite length of time when subjected to a current of a certain value above the given value. This circuit breaker may be included in a circuit which is similar to that shown in Fig. 1.
Referring now to Fig. 4, I have here shown a circuit breaker of the solenoid and plunger type embodying my invention. This circuit breaker,in the form here shown, comprises a rectangular frame 26 of magnetiz able material, preferably soft iron, provided with a cross-piece 27 of similar ma terial. The upper part of the frame 26 is provided with a threaded hole 26 into which is screwed a core 28 of magnetiz able material, also preferably soft iron, which core is held in place by an ut 28. The core 28 is provided with a central longitudinal hole 31through which freely passes a stem 30 of non-magnetiz able material suchas brass, the lower end of which screws into a plunger 29 ofmagnetiz able material, usually soft iron. This plunger passes freely through a hole 27* in the cross-piece 27, so it will be seen that theplunger 29 and stem 30 are free to reciprocate in a vertical path, being guided by the hole in the core 28 and the hole in cross piece 27. The downward movement of the plunger is limited by a stop comprising a pin of non-magnetiz able material screwed into the bottom of the frame 26 and locked by a nut 32 the upward movement is, of course, limited by the engagement of the plunger with the core 28. The core is provided withcorepins 33 of non-magnetiz able material to prevent actual contact ofthe core with the plunger. 7 is a solenoid winding which surrounds the core 28 and a portion of the plunger 29, and which forms part of a direct current circuit controlled by the circuit breaker. The parts ofthe device are so proportioned that when the current in the circuit exceeds a given value, solenoid 7 is sufiiciently energized to raise theplunger 29 unless the plunger is held down by some force other than gravity. As here shown, the means for holding the plunger down during momentary surges of current above the given value is substantially thesame as the means shown in Fig. 1; that is, I provide a winding 10 inthe form of a solenoid surrounding the plunger 29, which winding is in series with a winding 11 which latter is in inductive relation to the operating winding 7. The operation of the parts of the breaker thus far described is substantially the same as the operation of the form shown in Fig. 1. That is, during a momentary surge of current in the circuit controlled by the breaker, current is induced in winding 11, and the current which consequently flows in solenoid 10 exerts sufiicientinfluence on the plunger 29 to prevent the latter being raised by solenoid 7. \V hen. however, the current in the circuit controlled by the breaker remains substantially constant at a value higher than the given value, no current flows in solenoid 10, so that solenoid 7 is then effective to raise plunger 29. The plunger 29 may be employed to control one or more con tacts in any desired manner. As here shown, a spring 17is mounted in a block 33 of insulating material secured to the frame 26,and this spring is included in the circuit controlled by the breaker inthe same man ner as in the preceding Views. In Fig. 4 the spring is provided with a hook 34 which co acts with a latch 35 pivoted in the block The upper end of stem 30 carries a head 36 of insulating material,which, when the plunger is raised, strikes the latch 35 and so releases the spring 17. The circuits {or the solenoid winding 7 and for the retarding winding 10 are the same as those shown in Fig. 1 andhereinbefore explained. This circuit breaker may be included in a circuit which is similar to the circuit shown in Fig. 1.
Circuit breakers embodying my inven tion are adapted for the protection of any circuit wherein it is desired that the circuit should be opened when the current is pro longed above a given value for an appreciablelength of time, but wherein a mo mentary surge of current above the given value will cause no harm so that it is undesirable that the circuit should be opened by such a surge. They are, for example,particularly well adapted for the protection of motor circuits. The current drawn by a motor while starting is considerably in excess of that which is drawn after the motor is in operation, but this excess of current is only a momentary surge and does no harm to the motor or other parts of the circuit; it, however, the motor is stalled or operates too slowly and the circuit is not opened. the prolonged excessive current will injure the motor or other parts of the circuit. lV hen a circuit breaker embodying my invention is used to protect a circuit of this character it is adjusted to operate on a prolonged current slightly in excess of ti it drawn by the motor when operating on full load. Then ifthe motor is stalled or operates too slowly, the circuit breaker will be operated by the prolonged excessive current, but the circuit breaker will not be operated by the momentary surge of current while the motor is being started.
Circuit breakers embodying my invention are also well adapted for use in circuits for the propulsion current for electric railways, in which case the circuit breaker is usually adjusted to operate when the current exceeds a safe maximum value. There are times when this maximum value is exceeded for a short period of time, such, for example, as when a large number of cars or trains are started at once. and it this period of time is not too long the excessive current will do no harm. Circuit breakersembodying my invention can be adjusted to remain closed during a short period of such excessive current, but to open it the excessive current is prolonged tor a suiiicient length of time to be harmful.
Although I have herein shown and described only a few forms of circuit breakers embodying my invention, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made therein within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:
1. In combination, an electric circuit; and a circuit breaker comprising a winding e11- ergized from said circuit, a member adapted to be moved by said winding when the current in the circuit exceeds a given value, a second winding adapted to prevent movement of said member by the first winding, means controlled by current in said circuit and responsive tom tm'ientary surges of said current above the given value for energizingsaid second winding, and a contact controlled by said member for controlling said circuit.
In combination, a circuit carrying direct current; and a circuit breaker com prising a winding included in said circuit, a member adapted to be moved by said winding when the current in the circuit exceeds a given value, a second winding adapted to prevent movement of said member bythe first winding, means for energizing said second winding inductivelyfrom said circuit whereby the second winding will be energized by a momentary surge of current above the given value in the circuit and will prevent movement ot the member by such.
surge, but whereby the second winding will not be energized by a.constant current in excess of said value and will therefore not prevent movement of the member by such constant current, and a contact controlled by said member for controlling said circuit.
3. A circuit breaker comprising a winding, a member adapted to be operated by said winding when the current in the winding exceeds a given value, a second winding tion to the first winding, and a contact controlled by said member.
l. A circuit breaker com 'i rising an electromagnet having two windings,means for energizmg one o't said windlngs with di rect current, anarmature adapted to be on erated by said magnet when the current in the said energized winding exceeds a given value, a second electromagnetadapted to prevent operation of the aru'ia ture by the first-mentioned magnet, the winding of the second magnet being connected with the remaining winding of the first magnet, and a contact controlled by saidarmature.
5. In combination, an. electric circuit, a movable member, means controlled by current above a given value in said circuit for and a contact controlled by said member for opening said circuit.
6. In combination, an electric circuit, a movable member, means controlled by current above a given value in said circuit for moving said member in one direction, means responsive to a momentary surge of current in said circuit above said given value but not responsive to a current of constant value regardless of such value for exerting a force on said member in the opposite direction to prevent its movement, and a contact controlled by said member for opening said circuit.
7 In combination, an electric circuit; and a circuit breaker comprising a Winding energized from said circuit, a member adapted to be moved by said Winding When the current in the circuit exceeds a given value, a second Winding adapted to prevent movement of said member by the first Winding,
means controlled by current in said circuit and responsive to momentary surges of said current for energizing said second Winding, and a contact controlled by said member for controlling said circuit.
8. In combination, an electric circuit, a movable member, means controlled by current above a given value in said circuit for moving said member in one direction, means responsive to a momentary surge of current in said circuit for exerting a force on said member in the opposite direction to prevent its movement, and a contact controlled by said member for opening said circuit.
In testimony whereof I afi ix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.
HOWARD S. BEAKES.
Witnesses:
A.- HERMAN VVEGNER, R. L. KISTLER.
Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,
Washington, D. G.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1915-04-21 | US-2281415-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:8",
"publication_date": "1916-10-03T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Planting-pot.
G.B.souTHARD.
l PLANUNG PoT. vMPLICATlON FILED APR.2I| 1915.
Patented Oct. 3, 1916.
UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.
GEORGE B. SOUTHARD, OF REDLANDS, CALIFORNIA, .AS-SIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TONETTIE N. CHILDS AND ONE-FOURTH TO THERESA A. NYE, OF LOS ANGELES,
CALIFORNIA.
PLANTING-POT.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Oct. 3, 1916.
Application iled April 21, 1915. Serial No. 22,814.
- construction and the object of the invention is to provide a receptacle in which soil may be placed and seeds planted in said soil and' allowed to germinate and sprout, or'whereby cuttings may be placed therein and allowed to sprout, after which the plant may be transplanted by placing the receptacle in the earth without removing the plant therefrom. c It has been the common practice to germinate seeds and start cuttings by placing soil in earthenware pots, and the seeds or cuttings in the soil. tured suiiiciently it is removed by lifting it with the soil from the pot. This causes a disturbance of the soil andthe roots, and
also frequently injures the latter. Pot constructions have been ymadewhich consist of a pot formed of flexible material, one wall thereof having' a slit whereby the wall may be opened and unrolled from the plant, thus only slightly disturbing the soil and decreasing any possible injury to the root. rl he soil in many cases is of such a nature that it v will not cling to the roots when removed from the pot, and falls away, exposing the roots so that they are subject to injury and resulting in arresting the growth of the plant when it is transplanted from the pot to the soil. In many cases delicate plants are killed during the transplanting. Growing plants throw out shoots which seeknourishment, and when a pot containing a plant is placed in the ground,the roots will tend to pass through the walls of the pot to the outside soil, while if the pot is not placed in the soil, the roots do not tend to pass through.
My invention relates to a pot which is constructed of a material such as paper which will dis inte grate, and which has formed in the walls thereofrecesses so that the roots of the plant when the pot is placed in the ground will work through the walls of the pot with substantially no resistance, and will enter the surrounding soil, taking root When the plant has ma-v therein. The growth of the plant while in the pot is not retarded, the incisions or recesses providing means through which air can enter, thereby aerating the soil and preventing vsumpy soil, which often results in s1ck plants. I attain these objects by the embodiment sof my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a development of the cylindrical wall of a pot havingrecesses therein. Fig.
, 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a plant 1n a pot, ready fortransplanting to the ground. Fig. i is an elevation of the pot and plant transplanted to the ground, with the roots extending through the walls.
I have shown a pot 7 of cylindrical form, although the shape of the pot is not a feature of my invention. The cylindrical wall 8 is formed of a material such as paper which will eventually dis inte grate when placed inthe ground.
Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2,
the cylindrical wall 8 has recesses 9 provided in its surface, thereby providing a portion of the wall with relatively weak parts, through which the plant roots will penetrate soon after the pot is placed in the ground. When planted in the ground the thin weak portions of the wall atthe recesses 9 will dis inte grate first and will before dis integrationoffer less resistance to the passage of roots than the thicker portions of the wall. With such a pot construction the soil may be placed in the pot, the seed placed therein and allowed to germinate, or cuttings may also be placed in the pot and allowed to sprout, the roots confiningthemselves to the pot. After the plant has matured so that it may be transplanted to the soil, a hole 1l is dug and the pot with the plant transferred thereto. The soil is then packed around the pot. As the plant grows, the roots seek the nourishment of the soil outside of the pot, and work through the weakened portions of the wall, formed by therecesses, and extend outward. The pot eventually dis inte grates and in noway interferes with the growth of the plant. It is obvious that this method of transplanting has the advantage of providing a relatively rigid receptacle for containing the soil and roots during the early growth of the plant, and that upon transplanting, there isno disturbaneeof the roots or soil and vno inter providing weakened portions which willference with or arrest of growth of the permit the penetration of roots of plants l0 plant. placed therein before dis integration of the Vh nt I claim is: Walls.
5 A planting pot, comprising a pot formed In Witness that I claim the foregoing I with walls of material which Will disinhave hereuntosubscribedmy name this 26th te grate on being transferred to the ground,day of March, 1915. and having recesses formed therein, thereby GEORGEB. SOUTHARD.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1968-04-08 | US-3510145D-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:9",
"publication_date": "1970-05-05T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Golf club carrier
y 1970 H. P. YOKERS I 3,510,145
GOLF CLUB CARRIER Filed April 8. 1968 75? PM 1Q al/W211,
Qzfforrzz] United States Patent 3,510,145 GOLF CLUB CARRIER Henry P.Yoke rs, Menomonee Falls, Wis., assignor to Sit N Rest Golf, Inc.,Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Filed Apr. 8, 1968, Ser. No.719,323 Int. Cl. A63b 55/08 US. Cl. 280-4719 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THEDISCLOSURE A golf club carrier comprising a substantially rectangular frame member having a pair of wheel assemblies mounted thereon which extend toward the rear of the carrier. A club receiving container is permanently mounted on the frame and extends toward the rear thereof.The container is comprised of a, golf iron receiving compartment in there ar portion thereof and a storage compartment (for jackets, shoes,balls, etc.) in the front portion thereof. The golf iron compartment is adapted to receive golf irons therein with the heads thereof supported at the bottom of the compartment and with the shafts extending outwardlyfrom the open top of the compartment to permit easy removal and insertion thereof. The frame member has an offset portion at the lower end thereof which provides a space for mounting a plurality of golf wood supporting pockets which are fastened to the bottom panel of the storage compartment. The golf wood pockets extend downwardly and rearwardlyunder the container and are adapted to receive the heads of golf Woods with the toes thereof pointed downwardly and rearwardly with respect tothe container. With the wood heads tucked under the container, the adjacent frame portions provide a protective bumper to prevent dentingand scratching of the wood club heads. The heads of the woods and irons are positioned below the level of the center points of the wheels toprovide a low center of gravity for improved stability both when the carrier is at rest as well as when it is being pulled along the ground in use.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This invention relates to golf club carriers and more particularly to a golf club carrier wherein the containing and supporting means for the golf clubs is permanently mounted on the carrier.
Description of the prior art The most pertinent prior art known to the applicant are US. Pat. 2,858,140 and 2,985,462. In the prior art patents referred to, the golf woods are mounted on the front portion of the carrier just as in the present application. However, in the prior art the wood clubs are supported in pockets fastened to the front portions of the club container which pockets extend forwardly from the supporting frame and are adapted to receive the golf woods with the toes thereof extending forwardly of the frame thus placing them in a somewhat vulnerable position from the standpoint of possible damage. In the present invention, the frame member is specially designed to provide a protected offset area in which .golf wood receiving pockets are mounted in a position whereby the golf wood heads are supported with the toes thereof pointed downwardly into the protected offset space provided bythe frame. As so positioned, the golf woods are not only better protected than in the prior art but in addition provide a compact profile, a lower center of gravity and an improved arrangement for insertion and removal thereof.
3,510,145 Patented May 5, 1970 r' Ice SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A golfclub carrier comprising a frame member of substantially rectangular configuration having an offset portion at the lower end thereof and a pair of wheel assemblies mounted on the frame and positioned rearwardlythereof. A golf club container is permanently mounted on the frame and positioned rearwardly thereof. The container has a compartment for receiving golf irons and a plurality of golf wood pockets mounted on the lower front portion thereof which extend downwardly and rearwardly intothe space formed by the offset portion of the frame. The pockets are adapted to receive the heads of golf woods with the toes thereof pointeddownwardly and rearwardly with respect to the container.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a golfclub carrier embodying my invention;
FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of the carrier shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the carrier with parts broken away; and
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 44 of FIG. 2.
Referring to the drawings, the carrier is comprised of a tubular frame member 10, a handle 12, a club container 14 and a pair of wheel assemblies 16, 16.
Frame member 10 is of substantially rectangular configuration and is preferably of tubular steel construction. The configuration of the lower portion of the frame 10 and its relationship to the construction of carrier 14- is of particular importance. As most clearly shown in FIGS.2 and 3, frame 10 is comprised of parallel side members 17, 17,rearwardly and downwardly angling offsetting portions 18, 18 andforwardly and downwardly angling wheel mounting portions 20, 20 whichare interconnected by a horizontally extending foot portion 22.
Wheel assemblies 16 are comprised of wheels 24 rotatably mounted on resilient struts 26 which, in turn, are mounted on portions 20, 20 of frame 10 by means of cylindrical housing members 28 adapted to rotatablyreceive the ends of struts 26. As shown in FIG. 2, frame portions 20 are bowed outwardly at their point of attachment to housing members 28. The wheel assemblies described above are constructed to permit each wheel tobe folded from its operating position as shown in the drawings to a folded position for storage (as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1). The details of construction and operation of such a folding wheel arrangement are disclosed in the previously identified US. Pat. No.2,785,462 and will thus not be described herein.
The carrier is provided with a handle 12 fastened to frame 10 for pulling the carrier over the ground on wheels 24. While handle 12 can be of any suitable design, one handle design which is specially adapted for use on the carrier disclosed herein is shown and described in detail inUS. Pat. No. 3,142,087.
Club container 14 is preferably constructed of a durable and flexible material such as vinyl plastic and is designed to provide a golf iron compartment 30, a storage compartment 32 (for shoes, jackets, etc.) anda plurality of golf wood head compartments or pockets 34. The club container 14 is of bag-like configuration having a sub stantiallyrectangular cross section and an open top. The container is comprised of front panel 36, a rear panel 38 and a pair of side panels 40, 40. The container is positioned rearwardly of frame 10 between the frame and wheels 24 with the front panel 36 of the container lying in contact with parallel side members 17, 17 of the frame as clearly shown in FIGS. 1and 2. The container 14 is supported on the frame in any suitable manner such as by brackets 42, 42 (welded to the frame) and a horizontally extending support rod 44 mounted on said brackets (FIG. 4).
Container 14 is provided with a centrally located partition 46 extending between side panels 40, 40 which divide the container into the iron compartment 30 and the storage compartment 32. The iron Compartment is provided with a plurality of additional partitions 48 extending between rear panel 38 and main partition 46 as clearly shown in FIG. 4.Partitions 48 serve to divide the iron compartment into a plurality of separate smaller compartments each adapted to receive a single golf iron56 therein. The irons are supported in the iron compartment 30 by any suitable means such as rods 50, 52 and 54 mounted between the lower ends of side panels 40 as clearly shown in FIG. 3. Also, as shown in FIG, 3,each iron 56 is positioned in compartment 30 with the head 58 of the club pointed towards the front of the carrier, and with the bottom edge of the iron head and the shaft 60 of the iron lying in contact with one or more of the rods 50, 52, 54 and the rear panel 38, respectively. The handle portion 62 of each iron shaft protrudes upwardly out of the one top of the container 14 (FIG. 1) to facilitate easy insertion and removal thereof.
Storage compartment 32 is formed by front panel 36, main partition 46,the front portions of side panels 40 and a bottom panel 64. The top ofthe storage compartment is open. A zipper 66 is provided in front panel36 to facilitate access to the storage compartment. The bottom panel 64of the storage compartment is positioned at an angle with the horizontal and extends parallel to and adjacent with the lower edges of off-setting portions 18, 18 of frame as most clearly shown in FIG. 3. An additional ball storage pocket 68 is provided in compartment 32 as shown in FIG. 3.
The wood clubs 70 (or woods) are supported on the carrier by four pockets 34 fastened to the bottom panel 64 of the storage compartment32. Pockets 34 angle downwardly and rearwardly into the space provided by the angled portions 18 and 20 of the frame. The pockets thus positioned are adapted to receive the heads 72 of the woods with the toes thereof pointed downwardly as clearly shown in FIG. 3. The shafts74 of woods 70 are securely and removably retained on the carrier by a pair of flexible retaining member 76, 76 mounted on the upper portion ofthe frame by means of a pivotally mounted bracket member 78. A detailed description of the construction and operation of the shaft retaining means is found in US. Pat. 2,985,462 and thus will not be repeated here.As explained in detail in such patent, bracket 78 is adapted for pivotal movement of the frame to facilitate access to storage compartment 32.
The above-described wood mounting arrangement provides several important advantages. With the wood heads tucked under the container 14, the frame portions 18 and 20 provide a protective bumper to prevent denting and scratching of the wood club heads, The heads of the woods (and their ons) are positioned below the level of the center points of wheels 24as represented by line 80. This arrangement provides a low center of gravity for improved stability both when the carrier is at rest (as the drawings) as well as when it is being pulled along the ground in use.Another feature which contributes to the carriers improved stability isthe relationship of wheels 24 to the frame 10 and container 14. By mounting the wheels on the offset portions 20, 20 of the frame, the wheels can be positioned further to the rear of container 14 and the main side members 17, 17 of the frame without unduly lengthening the struts 26. This improved relationship can be appreciated by noting thata vertical line 82 through the center of the wheels will pass to there ar of all portions of the frame 10 as shown in FIG. 1. Another advantage is that with the heads 72 of woods 70 tucked under the container 14 the overall width of the carrier (with the wheels folded as described in Pat. No. 2,-
4 985,462) will be only slightly greater than the width of container 14itself to thus provide a more compact profile for ease of storage.Furthermore, the golf woods can be inserted into and removed from the pockets 34 with greater case than was the case with previous designs.
What is claimed is:
1. A golf club carrier comprising:
a frame member of substantially rectangular configuration;
a pair of wheel assemblies mounted on said frame and positionedrearwardly thereof;
a golf club container mounted on said frame and positioned rearwardlythereof, said container having a compartment for receiving golf irons therein; and
a plurality of golf wood pockets mounted at the lower front portion of said container, said wood pockets extending downwardly and rearwardlybeneath said container, said pockets adapted to receive the head of a golf wood with the toe of the head pointed downwardly and rearwardlywith respect to the container;
said frame member further characterized by having an offset portion atthe lower end thereof with said golf pockets extending downwardly andrearwardly into the space formed by said offset portion of said frame,said offset portion comprised of a pair of rearwardly and downwardlyextending tubular portions and a pair of forwardly and downwardlyextending tubular portions.
2. A golf club carrier according to claim 1 in which said wheel assemblies are comprised of a strut member and a Wheel rotatably mounted thereon, said struts mounted on said forwardly and downwardly extending portions of said frame.
3. A golf club carrier comprising:
a frame member of substantially rectangular configuration having an offset portion at the lower end thereof;
a pair of wheel assemblies mounted on said frame and positionedrearwardly thereof;
a golf club carrier mounted on said frame and positioned rearwardlythereof, said container having a compartment for receiving golf irons inthe rear portion of the container, said container further characterized by a storage compartment located in the front portion thereof, said storage compartment having a bottom panel positioned adjacent to and overlapping the offset portion of the frame;
a plurality of golf wood pockets mounted at the lower front portion ofthe storage compartment, said wood pockets extending downwardly andrearwardly beneath the bottom panel and offset portion of the frame of said storage compartment, said pockets adapted to receive the head of a golf wood with the toe thereof pointed downwardly and rearwardly with respect to the golf club container.
4. A golf club carrier according to claim 3 in which said wheel assemblies are comprised of a strut member and a wheel rotatably mounted thereon, said struts mounted on said offset portion of said frame.
5. A golf club carrier comprising:
a frame member of substantially rectangular configuration having an offset portion at the lower end thereof;
a pair of Wheels mounted on said frame and positioned rearwardly thereof so that when said carrier is in its at rest position said frame will angle upwardly and rearwardly with respect to the ground;
a golf club container mounted on said frame and positioned rearwardlythereof, said container having a compartment for receiving golf irons therein with the heads of said irons positioned in the bottom of said compartment; and
a plurality of golf wood pockets mounted at the lower front portion of said container, said wood pockets overlapping said offset portion of said frame and extending downwardly and rearwardly into the space formed by the offset portion of said frame, said pockets adapted to receive the head of a golf wood with the toe of the head pointed downwardly andrearwardly with respect to the container.
6. A golf club container according to claim 5 in which the heads of the golf woods and irons are positioned below the level of the center points of the wheels when said carrier is in its at rest position.
7. A golf club container according to claim 6 in which the relationship between said wheels and said frame is such that a vertical line throughthe center of said wheels will pass to the rear of all portions of said frame when said carrier is in its at rest position.
8. A golf club container according to claim 5 in which golf club container includes a storage compartment in the front portion thereof having a bottom panel to which said wood pockets are fastened.
9. A golf club carrier according to claim 5 in which said offset portion of said frame is comprised of a pair of rearwardly and downwardlyextending tubular portions and a pair of forwardly and downwardlyextending tubular portions connected by a horizontal portion which makes contact with the ground when said carrier is in its at rest position.
10. A golf club carrier according to claim 9 in which each of said wheels are rotatably mounted on a strut mem her, said strut members mounted on said forwardly and downwardly extending portions of said frame.
11. A golf club carrier comprising:
a frame member having a pair of wheel assemblies mounted thereon and positioned rearwardly thereof;
a golf iron container mounted on said frame and positioned rearwardlythereof, said container adapted for receiving golf irons therein withthe heads of said irons positioned in the bottom of said container and with the shafts of said irons extending upwardly out of said containerrearwardly of said frame member;
a plurality of golf wood pockets mounted underneath the lower front portion of said container, said wood pockets extending downwardly andrearwardly to receive the heads of golf Woods with the toes thereof pointed rearwardly and beneath the heads of the irons in said golf iron container and with the shafts of the woods extending upwardly adjacent said frame member forwardly thereof; and
a golf wood shaft retaining means mounted on the upper front portion of said frame member for removably retaining the shafts of the golf woods when the heads thereof are positioned in said golf wood pockets.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,480,597 8/ 1949 Nelson.
2,551,009 5/1951 Kaltenbach. 2,754,130 7/1956 Procter.
2,858,140 10/1958 Stamp.
2,985,462 5/ 1961 Stamp.
LEO FRIAGLIA, Primary Examiner J. A. PEKAR, Assistant Examiner
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1930-06-11 | US-46051930-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:10",
"publication_date": "1932-03-29T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Tube cutting and fla ring machine
March 1932. J. w RDO TUBE CUTTING AND FLARING MACHINE Filed June 11,1930 rl lll illlilllll- /NVENTO/?. /OHN W GORDON.
March 29, 1932. J. w. GORDON,
TUBE; CUTT ING AND FLARING MACHINE Filed June 11, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2/N VE N TOR. JOHN W GORDON.
ATTORNEY.
Y 'J o HN tw. GORDON, or. DAYTON,
' g dre lin elevation; Fig. 41: isa I '30 end of; the mandr el to show the trimming cut l be ea lled mean end, v
ing portion or standard '12 provided nearrits Patented Mar. '29, 1932 aoHmQAssIeNoR' 1 THE GORDON-DUNNAM 'TURINGMGQMPANY; or DAYTON; 01110, nconrone'rl on or"onto,
f from 0mm AND r Rn ve MACHINE I Application filed June 11,
' "This invention relates to a tube'cutting and fla ring machine, and one object of the inven tion is' to'provide a simple efiicient machine to cut or trim the ends of tubes and to flare thesame. j a
' AQ further object of the invention is to pro-j vide such a machine having cutting and fla ri ing instrumentalltles arranged to actsuccessively upon a tube and of suchajcharacter s thatthe machine may be easily and operatedfto complete the operation. V
' A furtherobjectof the'invention' is to pro-' vide such a machinewithva fla ring device which will impart to the end of the tube a I smooth uniform flare free from burrs or rough A further' object of the invention is to -pro-' vide such a machine with a cutter which will Is ever a tube of'thin-flexible metal such as COP-1 0pervwithoutcrushing'thesame. v 1
Other objects of the invention will appear i i k y as the mechanism; is described in detail.
fIn the accompanying drawings F ig yl'is a top plan View of a machine'embodying my invention; Fig.2'i's a rear end elevation, part9 lyfinsection; Fig. 3 visa sectional detail'view of the mandr el supportinmember, taken on: 'thelin'e3 3 of Fig;1' and showing the man detail'view of one ter ;'and Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the flared end of the tube. V p s l In these drawings; '1 have illustrated one mbodiment of my'invention, but'it will be i 'understood that this particular embodiment has been chosen for the purposes 'of illus'trae tion only and that the invention may take I various form without" depart ing from' they 7'spirit-of the invention! r Inthatembodiment her illustrated the 1113-chineicornprises a supporting structure or base 10 which jas heretshowmjis mounted upon legs 11. f Tl iis base has at one end, whichmayv an upward ly extend upper end with means forisupporting thetube-which s ing member 1 ing member 13,
." engage-rand? flare the end .vided. with ap rotation and; extendslengthwiseiof the. tube j The-glu'g is located V I to'be cut and flared:Prefer-f ably-thetubsupporting means: is in the m Qturefof'ac lamp and as here shown a clamp l 3 isyhinged to th e 'upper endof 1939, serial No.146 0,519. Q
the clamping member and standard are re; 'cessed to receive the tube. Inthe'preSentinj stance, a two-part bushing '14 has its parts mounted respectively inthe upper'end of the standard and the clamping member,and the two parts of this bushing are provided with a lined recesses'to'rece'ive the tube. Q The bu'shing being readily" removable itis'obvious that substituting one bushing for another, va-
the clamping device. The clamping member the standard 12 and the adjacent surfaces of v 6'0" rloussi'z'es of tubes maybe supported within" may be secured inits closed positloninf any suit able manner but,as here shown, a link 15 l is pivotally connected with the "standard, 12
and has at its upper end a cam or eecentriclfi 1 arranged to engage overlugs 17 on the clamp the c am being an operating-handle 18'. 1 f Y Mounted, upon the supporting structure or ase "10 is a frame which is movable trans provide'd with versely to a tube mounted in the tube support or clamp. This frame carries a rota-r7 cutter and a: mandr el so movement of the frame will bring these two arranged that flit-1 j 4devices successively into operative relation tothe;tube.".Themandr el is mounted fora bothirotator movement and for ment and afterthe end offthetube has been" severed the mandr el is moved into Iinethere-J with and-forced inward ly, While rotating; to p of the tubeQYThe: frame may take various forms and may; be mounted in any suit able manner l present mechanism the ,base10has upward ly: extend ing' brackets or lugs 19 and20' pro er tures in which is mounted @a shaft 21, which "is preferably.fixed against;
on the tube support; in line with 'but space V d inward ly from' the standard 12. The 'fr ported ion the shaftf2lgi'the framefmember23"In'thei '8 being: lo,cated between the l'ug Q O andiithe standard 12.;Each? frame member i is pro' vided in the upper portion thereof and near its, l'ate ral'edges with bearings 24 and 25; the
axial move ola ame comprises ta mar-" member 22' and a front member 23rigidly f connected one tothe other andpivotallyfsup- 1 5} 7corresponding. bearings in the two {frame; 00
members being arranged in alinement. In the present construction the frame members are cut away between the two bearings so that in efiectthe bearings of each frame member are carried by diverging arms.Itotatably mounted in the a lined bearings 24 of the two frame members isa shaft 26 one end of which projects beyond the front frame member 24and has rigidly secured thereto a cutter 27, which is preferably in the nature.
of a rotatable disk. This cutter is. so arranged with relation the frame is moved transversely to the standard the cutter will clear the adjacent end of the boss 14 form-' ing art of the tube support, and if there is atu supported in and projecting beyond said boss the end of the tube willbe engaged by the cutter and severed. The cutter is rotate dat a very high-speed and will sever 28 which is held against the end of asoftmetaltube without crushing or distorting the same. Rotatably mounted in the bearings 25 of the two frame members is a tubular member axial movement by collars 29 secured thereto and abutting against the respective bearings. Slidably mounted within the tubular member 28 is amandr el 30 which isso connected with the tubular member that it will rotate therewith. In the arrangement here shown a pin 31 extends throughthe mandr el and has its ends projecting into slots 32 formed in the tubular member. A spring. 33 retains the mandr el normally in itsretracted position. As here shown, the rear portion of the bore of the tubular member is enlarged. as shown at 34, to receive the spring 33. A collar 35 secured to the mandr el adjacent to the pin 31 Y fits withinthe enlarged portion of the tubular member and maintains the mandr el in axial alinement with the tubular member. The spring 33 is confined between the collar I 35 and the shoulder at the forward end of-the ward end of the mandr el, 50
1 enlarged portion of the bore. The mandr el is provided near its forward end with a ta ed portion 36 to engage the end of the tu e and flare thesame. Preferably the for in advance of the is of reduced diameter, is adapted to enter the center the mandr el with forward end of thisretapered portion 36, as shown at 37,: and tube and accurately relation thereto, the
duced portion being rounded, as shown at 38,
to facilitate its entrance into v the tube. When themandr el has been moved into line with the tube, and while the tubular member and mandr elare rotating, ated to cause the tapered portion thereof to engage the endof the tube and thus flare the-same outward ly. Y The tapered portion of the mandr el may directly engage the end I of the tube, if desired, but I find that a more satisfactory operation is had if the tapered p0 'on of-thetube is provided with two orv to the frame and the standard 12that when the mandr el is actu more rollers 39 which engage the tube and roll the end thereof outward ly.
The operation of the cutter sometimes leaves a burr or rough edge on the end of the tube and the mandr el is provided with means for removing this burr and leaving the flared end of the tube with a smooth clean edge.
For this purpose I have secured to the man'- dr el a stationary cutter 40which overlaps the tapered portion. to engage the outer edge of the.fia red end of the tube and shave off any burr or roughness which may be on this edge. The reduced portion 37 of the mandr el is slotted, as shown at 41, and a blade or cutter 42 is pivotally mounted within the slot andthe rear end thereof is forced .outwardl by a spring43; When the end of the man el is inserted in the tube the blade 42 will be forced inward ly but the action of the sprin will press the same against the inner surface of th'e'tube and asthe mandr el is revolving at a relatively highspeed this blade will remove any burr or roughness on the inner end of the tube before the latter comes in contact with the tapered portion of the mandr el. Longitudi nal movement may be imparted to the man'- dr el in any suit ab e manner but, in the present instance, an operating handle or lever 44.
is pivotally mounted at one end on. afi xe support 45 carried by thepivoted frame and is connected by a link 46 with the rear end of themandr el, the pivotal connections preferably of the ball and socket type.The
frame may be swung from one position to the other in any desired manner but preferably is provided withahandle 60 for this purpose.
The cutter 27 and the-mandr el are driven from the motor and this motor is preferably carried by the swinging frame. purpose the frame member 22has a down.- ward ly extend ing portion 47 provided at its lower end witha base 48 on which is mounted a motor 49, the shaft 50 of which has secured thereto. a grooved pulley .51. Grooved pulleys 52 and 53 aresecuredrespectively to the cutter shaft 26 and to the tubular member-28which carries the mandr el. A belt 54 extends about the pulleys 51, 52 and53.v In the arrangement here shown that portion of the.
belt between the pulleys 52and 53 is looped downward l toward the motor and passed about an id e pulley 55 on the shaft-21, thus causing larger portions of the belt to operatively engage the two driven pulleys than would be the case if the belt extended straight across the space betweenthe driven ulleys.
In the operation of the mechanism he tube is first mounted in the tube support and the frame is then swung to the left, in Fig. 2, to cause the cutter to sever the end of the tube. After the end of the tube trimmed the frame is swung in the opposite direction to bring the mandr el intoalinement the mandr el is'then pressed with. the tube and hereof and. is adapted being,
For this has been severed or forward ly the lever 44 and thus caused to engage and flarelthe tube; after which the handle is released and themandr el is, withe drawnrbyzthe spring The swinging frame is'held normally in an intermediate or inoperative position: by Ineansz of aspringpressed plunger 56"m'ounted in the frame I -member, 22: and adapted to enter the recess 57 r frame toi move vsaid cutter andisaidmandr el" 0n the base lO. This s to correctly positionythe mandr el with relation tothe tube and in the upward ly extend ing bracket or lug 19plunger'is also adapted V retain the same in that position "duringtliefla ring. operation. .To
this'end ther lug 19 is provided with a second recess "58 to receive theplunger when the 'mandr el is-in alinement with the tube. a
, The
plunger maybe v operated in any desired manner, but it is here shown as provided with, a
head 59hbytracted'against the'action of its spring,
fW hi le I haveishown and described one embodiment of my invention I wish it tobeun derstood'that I do not desire to be limited to the details thereof as various modifications may occur to a person skilled'injthe'art.
Having'now fully described my invention',
what I claim as new and desire' to secure by Letters Patent is 1 1. Ina tube cutting and fla ring machine,j
a support for the tube, a rotatable cutter mounted-for bodily movement into engage-- ment with a tube on said support, a mandr el mountedforboth 'rotary and axial movement M Jand having a part to 'engage and flare said tube, means for, moving said mandr el into I alinementwith said tube and imp'art ing axial movement I thereto, and means i for rotating said cutter :and'said mandr el; s V
2. Inla tube cutting and fla ring machine,-
a support for the tube, a frame mounted for movement transversely to thetube on said support, a cutter rotatably mounted on said 1 frame, amandr el mountedonisaidlframe for 1 fbothrro'tary and'a xialmovement with rela tion thereto and having a part to engage rand flare said-tube, means for actuating-said successively into.operativelrelation to said tube and. for impart ing .zaxial movement to said mandr el, andwmeans for rotating said cutter and saidmandr el. Y 3.'Ina tube cutting and fla ring machine, a'support for} the tube, aframemounted for; V p Y movement transversely to the tube on said was support, 7 a cutter rotatablyymount'ed on said frame, aamandr elmountedonl said frame for "both rotary .and axial; movement with relation thereto and having apart to'engage V and flare said tube, ,ine ans foractuating said 30" I successivelyfintoframe to move said cutter and saidniandr el' ;j operative; relation to ;said tube and for impart ing axial movement to, said mandr el, and meansqcarried by said frame for rotating, 1: said cutter and, said mandr el; g r
means of'which it"may be re-v i In a tube'ri cutting andxfla ring machine,
a support for the tube, a framemountedfor movement" transversely to thetube on said a 'supp'ort,.a v'cutter'rotatably mounted on said "7'frame, a tubular member rotatably mounted on saidiframepa mandr elmounted in said tubular. member for rotation therewith and 1 p for" axial movement lwithr elation thereto and having part of said tube, means for impart ing axial move-- ment to said mandr el, and means for rotating'said tubular member and'said cutters c In a tube cutting and fla ring machine,
a support forthetube, a frame mounted'for frame for movement therewith and driving connections between said motor and said shaft and"said-tubulargniember.-' 6. In a tube cutting and a support for thetube,I mounted for movement about an axis extend i'n'gs lengthwise of. thetube on. said support,
la cutter carried byrsaid shaft," a 'tu-n member rotatably mounted-on said .1
a mandr el mounted in said tubular 'axial movement, to said mandr el, amotormounted on said fla ring machine, a frame pivotally aic'utterrotatably mounted on said frame, a Q
mandr el arotatably and slidably, mounted on said frame, spacedfromsa'idcutterand having a part to engage and -flare the end of saidvment to said.mandrehand means renown,
in said cutter-and said mandr el.
' tube, means for impart ing longitudinalmoveg 7. 1m a-tube cutting and fla ring machine,
a Supporting structure having. apart forming a support for a tube,aframe'pivotally mountspaoed bearings arranged normally on the opposite sides of said tube support; a shaft journaled' in, one rof said bearings,a cutter rigidlysecured to said shaft and arranged togbe moved into engagement with a tubeiin ed on said supporting structure and having loo its
said; support 'fwhenfsaid frame is moved in one direction, a mandr elsupporting device" rotatably mounted in the other bearing of said frame,a mandr el 'mounted in said movement with relation thereto, said mandr elbeing: so arranged that it willjbevbrought into line with: said tube-When said frame is moved inthe'other direction, means for; g movement to said mandr el, and meansifor rotating said shaft impart ing longitudinal and said mandr el supporting device;
a supporting structurehaving a part forming ed on said support r device for rotation therewith and Y for longitudinal a support for a tubeyaframe pivotally-mou ht 8.-In' a tube cutting w'and fla'ring machine i Ving structure and having v I spaced bearings: arranged; normally .onthe:
I opposite sides of said tube s upport, aj sha' ft" 3 a 5 one direction,
' mandr el being so ing device rotatably tatably mounted bekaw the, axis thereof, a motor supported on said part, and driving connections betweenSRidrIDOtOl and said shaft and said mandr el supporting device.
9. In a tube cutting and fla ring machine,
a a supporting structure having a part forming a support for a tube, aframe pivotally mounted on said supporting structure and having spaced bearings arran ed. normally onthe opposite sides of said tu support, a
shaft journaled in one of said bearings, a
cutter rigidly secured to said shaft and arranged to be moved intowengagement with the tube? in said support; when said frame is moved in one direction, amandr el support mounted" in the other bearing of said frame, a mandr el mounted in said device for rotation therewith and forl ongitudinal movement with relation there-. to, said mandr el being so arranged that it in will be brought into line with said tube when said frame is moved in the other direction, means for impart ing longitudinal movement to said mandr el, and means for rotating said shaft;and said mandr el supporting device,
and a locking device to retain said frame in a position to which it hasbeen moved.
10. In a machine of the character de a frame mountseribed, a-support fora tube,
to a tube on ed for movement transversely Ag said'support, a mandr elmounted on said frame for both rotary and axial movement with relation thereto, said mandr el having a tapered part to enter the end of said tube,
rollers mounted in said tapered part Qf said m mandr el to engage said tube and flare the same, and means for rotating said mandr el and for impart ing axial movement thereto.
11. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a supporting member roon said frame, a mandr el mounted in said supporting member for rotation therewith and for lengthwise movement with relation thereto,said mandr el having apart to engage and flare the end y of a tube, means for rotating said supporting.
'member, and means for impart ing lengthwise movement to said mandr el.
12. In a-machine of. the character described, 21, frame a supporting member rotatahly: mounted on said frame,
a mandr el mounted in said supporting member for ret ation therewith and for lengthwise movement with relation thereto, said mandr el haw ing a.part to engage andfiare the end of a tube, means for rotating said sup ber, manually actuated means or impart in lengthwise movement to saidmandr el, and yield able means to return said mandr el to its initial position.
' 13. In a machine of the character described, 21. frame, a tubular member rotatably mounted. on said frame and having means whereby it may be rotated, a mandr el mounted in s'aid tubular member for rotation therewith and for axial movement with relation thereto, said mandr el having a part to enter the end of, a tube and flare the same, a sprin to hold saidmandr el normally in a retracte position, and means for moving saidmandr el against the action of said spring while aid mandr el rotates with said tubular me mr. I 14. In a machine of the character described, aframe, a supporting member rotatably mounted on said frame, a mandr elmounted in said supporting member for rotation therewith and forlengthwise movement with relation thereto, having a part to engage and flare the end of a tube, means for rotating said supporting member,means for impart ing lengthwise movement to said mandr el, and means carried by said mandr el for trimming the edge of the end of the-tube.
'15. In a machine of the character described, a support for a tube, aframe mounted for movement transverse to a tube on said support, amandr el mounted on said frame for both axial and rotating movement and having a part to engage and flare the end of said tube, and means for rotating said mandr el and for impart ing axial movement thereto;
16. In a i machine of the character described, a support for a tube, aframe mountortingmema said mandr el ed for movement transverse to a tube on said I support, a mandr el mounted on said frame for both axial and rotating movement and having a part to engage and flare the end of said tube, means for rotating said mandr el, and manually operated means for impart ing axial movement to saidmandr el.
17'. In a machine of the character described, a support for a. tube, aframe mounted for movement transverse to a tube on said support, a supporting member rotatably mounted on said frame, a mandr el mounted in said supporting member for rotation therewith and for lengthwisemovement with relation thereto, said mandr el having a part to engage and flare the end of a tube, means for rotating said supporting member, and means for impart ing lengthwise movement to said mandr el.
18. In a machine of the character described, a support for a tube, a support for a mandr el, one of said supports being movable transversely toa tube on said support to bring the tube and mandr el into 'ali'nement, amandr el mounted on said frame for both axial and rotating movement and having a part to engage and flare'the end of said tube, and means for rotating said'man'dr el and for, impart ing axial movement thereto.
19. In a mechanism. of the character d e- I scribed, arotatablesupporting structure, a
scribed, a rotatable supporting structure, a mandr el mounted in said structure for rotation therewith and for longitudinal move ment with relation thereto, said mandr el v having a reduced end portion to enter a tube and a tapered portion to flare the end of said tube, and means for rotating-said supporting structure. I 4
20. In a mechanism of the character demand rel mounted in said structure for rota-' I tion therewith and 'for'longitudinal move v ment with relation thereto, said mandr el having a tapered portion to enter the endof a tube and flare'the same, and means for rotating said'supporting structure, said mandr el also having a part-extend ing beyond said supporting structure whereby longitudinal movement maybe imparted to said man- 7 dr el while it rotates.
21. In a mechanism of thecharaoter described, a tube supporting device,a rotatable structure having an axial bore] in line with said tube supporting device',fa mandr el mounted ini said bore'for longitudinal movement and held'against rotation with relation to said structure,saidmandr el having al tapered portion'to enter the end of a tube in said supporting device and flare the same, a g and means for rotating said structure.
In testimony whereof, I afl ix my signature hereto.v V v I J GORDON
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | None | US-465319D-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:11",
"publication_date": "1891-12-15T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Trousers
(No Model.)
E. CLARK. TROUSERS; &c.
No. 465,319. Patented Dec. 15,1891,
WITNESSES. l/VVEIVTOI? I mm Array/15 101 m: NOHRIG PEYERS co, mow-mum,msumumn, c
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
EMERSON CLARK, OF JENNY LIND, ARKANSAS.
TROUSERS, 80C.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 465,319, dated December15, 1891.
Application filed May 9, 1891. Serial mseaisz. (No model.)
and useful Improvements in Trousers, of
which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being bad to the accompauying drawings, forming a part hereof.
My invention relates to improvements in trousers, &c.; and it consists in the novel arrangement and combination of parts, as will be morefullydescribed hereinafter, and designated in the claim.
In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front perspective View of my complete invention, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section taken on line m x of Fig. 1. I The object of my invention is to construct trousers for the use of laboring men, especially miners, and provide the same adja cent tothe fly-piece and crotch with an elastic gore, so that the trousers willnot tear or rip from the strain occasioned by the diiferent posturesassumed by the wearer in the progress of his work.
It is well known that especially in mining the trousers worn by the miner frequently become ripped in the seat or crotch and ad j a cent tothe fly-piece, and the object of my invention is to entirely overcome this'evil effect.
Having given these preliminary statements as to the object of my.invention, I will now proceed to describe the same in detail.
Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates trousers-legs, which are of the ordinary construction.
2 indicates the fly-pie cc, and 3 the crotch seam.
The portion of the leg adja cent to the fly piece is cut away, as can be readily perceived in the drawings, and in lieu of said cut-away portion I stitch or secure in any suitable way an elastic gore 4:. One side of said elastic gore is stitched or secured to the fly-piece, and the'otherside of the same is likewise secured to the leg and seat of the trousers at the edge of the opening, as shown. Said elastic gore is secured ashereinbefore stated, and extends backward about half-way of the crotch-seam a. By this construction the trousers, or rather that portion thereof adja cent to the fly-piece and the crotch-seam, is free to give,no matter what position the wearer assumes.
Particular emphasis is laid upon the fact that the elastic material extends up parallel with the fly-piece, enabling the wearer to assume many positions with ease and comfort,-
which could not be assumed otherwise.
It will be observed that the upper end of the opening covered by the gore is unilaterally rounded, so as to converge in a point at 5, thus reducing the width of that part of the opening. The purpose of this formation is to limit the degree of elasticity of the elastic material covering the upper end of the open- The gore which I make use of in my invention is preferably made up of a combination of rubber strands and cotton threads, there being a series of parallel rubber strands extending in a direction transverse to the fi y-piece of the garment, anda series of cotton threads which are of smaller size than the rubber strands interwoven with said rubber strands in a direction parallel with said fi y-piece, which permits elasticity of the gore in one direction only; but this is not an essential the opening, the upper end of the piece of elastic material where it covers the reduced portion of the opening serving to limit the degree of.elasticity at that point,substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I affizt my signature in presence of two witnesses.
EMERSON CLARK.
WVitnesses:
GEO. J. REUTER, O. E. PETTY.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | None | US-28078D-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:12",
"publication_date": "1860-05-01T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Pebfobatiltg-btrle fob pbesttebs
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM W. HARDING, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
PERFORATING-RULE FOR PRINTERS.
Specification of Letters Patent No. 28,078, dated May 1, 1860.
To all whom it 'may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM W. HARD- ING, of the city of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Improvement in Machinery for Perforating or Deeply Indenting Newspapers, Magazines,Pamphlets, &c., so that Their Folds May Easily be Torn; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of thesame, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l shows a view of my arrangement. Fig. 2shows the bar A A detached,
The nature of my invention consists in providing a bar A A which is of a height a little greater than that of the type, with a series of sharp points of any desired shape. This bar is then placed in the form, (the teeth projecting a little above the surrounding type), at such va place as it is desired the perforations should be in the paper. V hen the impression is taken these points. will perforate or deeply indent the paper.
The object of this invention is to perforate a series of holes in the folds of newspapers, pamphlets, books, magazines, etc., whereby they maybe easily separated.
Having thus described my improvement what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- The combination of the bar AA provided with a series of teeth, with the form so that when the impression is taken these sharp points will perforate or deeply indent the paper, substantially as herein set forth.
WM. W. HARDING.
Vitnesses:
J. GUNNIGHILD, M. V. B. KENNEY.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1913-10-24 | US-1913797090-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:13",
"publication_date": "1914-06-09T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Cushion-heel.
A. E. LEWIS.
CUSHION HAEBL.
LQQGQ..
APPLICATION FILED OUT. l24, 1913.
Patented June 9, 1914.
IAL
HLONZO ED/HRD LEWIS,
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ALONZO EDWARD LEWIS, 0F ING-ERSGLL, ONTARIO, CANADA.l A
oUsHIoN-HEEL.
To al? whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALONZO EDWARD LEWIS, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Ingersoll, in the Province In the accompanying drawing z--Figure- 1 is a central sectional view through the heel portion of a shoe, made according to my invent-ion. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the view shown in Fig. 1. Fig.3 is a perspective view of a cork pad which may be substituted for the spring shown in Fig. 1.
Throughout the separate views the same part is designated by the same reference character. Y
Referring more particularly to the drawing, 1 ,designates'the upper of a shoe provided with an inner sole 2 and an outer sole 3. Within the heel portion of the shoe is a thin heel casing 4 which is made the same shape as the heel and covers the lower portion of the upper on the inside and extends downwardly forming a hollow space 5 below the portion of theinsole which is adapted to support the heel of the wearer. Forwardly ofthe space 5, the casing 4 is inserted between the sole and, insole asin di-V cated at 6 and all three members, the sole,
insole and casing are connected together by a rivet'7.
On the outside of the upper 1 is a leather heel cap 8 which extends down below the lower edge ofthe upper and in cases the heel casing 4 on the outside, surrounding the space 5. It will be seen that the cap 8 extends across the bottom of the heel and on the outside of the heel and the bottom is a leather pad 9. It will be seen also that the pad 9, cap 8and bottom portion of the casing 4 are joined together by rivets or other Specication of Letters Patent.
Patented J une 9, 1914.
Application led October 24, 1913. Serial No. 797,090.
means such as pins, the members l4 and 8 als1 being joined together ,byrivets such as Within the space 5 is a spring 12, one end of which is fastened to a met-al plate 13 which is riveted to the bottom of the heel member 4 by means of rivets such as 14. The upper end of the spring 12is connected to a plate 15 which is similar to the plate 13 and which bears against the under face of the insole 2 where it extends above the space 5. It will be seen that the spring 12 is connected to the plates13 and 15 by means of integral extensions such as 16 which project fromthe edges of the plates and which are coiled over so as to embrace the portion of the spring lying adjacent the plates. It should be noted also that the heel cap 8, the upper 1 and the upper edge of the casing 4 are fastened together by means of rivets 17. It will be understood also that if desired, additional padding may be placed within the casing 4 to protect the foot of the wearer, but such protection being an obvious matter, itis not shown in the drawing.
Referring 1nore particularly to Fig. 3, I have shown therein a cork pad18 which may be substituted for the spring 12 in the form shown in Fig.1.
Having thus described my invent-ion, what I claim is .1. A shoe comprising in combination, a hollow heel structure including a steel cas' ing, an insole extended above the base of said heel structure, said casing being ein tended at one end thereof in contact .with
said insole and being riveted thereto, auf;L
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1943-10-29 | US-50825143-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:14",
"publication_date": "1945-10-02T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Glass cleaner
Patented Oct. 2, 1945 GLASS CLEANER Raymond M. Schlabach, Canton, Ohio No Drawing. Application October 29, 1943,
Serial No. 508,251
8 Claims. (Cl. 25291) The invention relates to a glass cleaner and more particularly to a treated, disposable paper which may be used,preferably dry, for cleaning glass of every description, as in windows,show cases, table tops, mirrors, automobile wind shields and lights,pictures, and the like; and which also may be used for cleaning'and polishing metal surfaces such as silverware, chrome or chrome plated material and the like.
Many different kinds of polishing cloths have been proposed in the prior art, but they all involve a rather complicated chemical treatment of fabric, cloth, chamois, or the like, for preparing the polishing cloth.The resultant cloth is expensive, is difficult if not impossible to clean, and involves a substantial loss if thrown. away when dirty.
Moreover, these chemically prepared prior art polishing cloths are not adapted for cleaning glass because they ordinarily will streak the glass.
Some of the chemically prepared prior art cloths have been used for coating glass with a water repellent film to prevent clouding from rain or condensation; but such use may also result in streaking the glass.
, Other prior art proposals have included treated paper for use as a polishing material but have been objectionable because they produce a dust in use, or may require water for use. Thus such products are actually not suitable for use in the places where their use would be most. advanta- For instance, show cases in large department stores mustbe cleaned and polished frequently and if such cleaning and polishing involves the use of water or the production or dropping off of dust or dirt, the cases must be emptied in order to do the cleaning so as to avoid damage or injury to the goods contained therein. If the cases are emptied, there is no advantage in using a prepared cloth or treated paper of the prior art over 'using age-old wet washing, cleaning or polishing methods involving water and soap or Eon-Ami, or the like.
Likewise in the home, there is no advantage, over usual window washing methods, in using a prepared cloth or paper which must be used wet,
or which dusts oil because either method involves a drying step or a step of cleaning up ofthe dust. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a glass. cleaner made of inexpensive disposable paper that may be thrown away when it becomes dirty, withoutappreciable loss.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a paper glass cleaner which will not streak glass when, used for cleaning orpolishmg.
Also it is an object of the present invention to provide a paper glass cleaner which does not dust off when used for cleaning or polishing glass surfaces and the like.
Likewise, it is an object of the present invention to provide a paper glass cleaner which may be used dry for cleaning and polishing glass surfaces and the like.
In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a disposable paper cleaner which may be used for cleaning or polishing smoothly finished or polished surfaces of glass, metal or the like,without wetting and without streaking or dusting off.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide for the manufacture of a disposable paper cleaner incorporating the advantage sand having the characteristics enumerated.
Likewise, it is an object of the present invention to provide a disposable paper cleaner for cleaning and polishing smoothly finished glass or metal surfaces which overcomes the difllculties and disadvantages of prior art materials.
And finally, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cheap and inexpensive paper cleaner which may be readily used and disposed of for cleaning and polishing glass or metal surfaces without disturbing,damaging. soiling or wetting articles or objects adjacent to the surface being cleaned or polished.
These and other objects and advantages may be obtained, and the prior art difllculties overcome, by the glass cleaner hereinafter described in detail and claimed, and by the method of making the improved glass cleaner hereinafter set forth in detail and claimed.
I have discovered that if porous, or unglazed or uncalendered paper,commonly called "kraft paper, is treated with, a mixture of powdered silica, gh/cer ine and water in controlled proportions and dried, the resulting treated paper, preferably in the form of sheets, may be efficiently and satisfac- ,tori ly used to clean and polish glass and metal tion must be controlled, to achieve the objects of the present invention, to have the approximate proportions of v'75 to 115 cc. ofglycer ine, and 150 grams of powdered silica per liter of water. The solution is preferably heated to 100 F. to 150 F. when passing the paper through the same;
and the paper is preferably to kraftlution, the heavier is the treated paper.
The proportions of glycer ine and powdered silica are critical. Theglycer ine' has several functions. First, it toughens the paper so thatit may be severely abused, crumpled, .and rubbed on the surface being cleaned without tearing, rupturing or wearing away, as compared with thesame paper prior to treatment. Second, it makes the paper very soft andpliable so that it may be readily worked and manipulated in the hand in connection with a cleaning operation; in fact, the treated paper feels somewhat rubbery. Third, it carries the powdered silica onto and intothe paper and acts as a binder to retain the powdered silica on the paper. Fourth, the glycer ine Dr events the silica from dusting off fromthe paper when used.
The powdered silica is the primary polishing and cleaning agent in the finished treated paper.
I have. discovered that if the amount of glycer ine is reduced materially below the lower limit of the stated proportions of 75 cc. to 150 grams of silica per liter of water, the silica is not properly bound or held tothe paper and will dust off and the paper will not be sufficiently tough and pliable.
I have also discovered that if the amount of glycer ine is increased materially above the upper limit of the stated portions of 115 cc. to150 grams of silica per liter of water, the treated paper in use will streak glass or other surfaces being cleaned or polished, and may leave a film thereon which is difficult to remove.
A consideration of these factors leads to a possible explanation of the difficulties that have been encountered with the prior art products. Allof the previously referred to known prior art products that utilizeglycer ine either streak glass or provide the gly'cer ine .to form a film for preventing theCOllCtlOllOf fog.or condensation on the glass. 1 i 4On the other hand, inthe present improved the solution and to preventprecipi-.
Of course. an increase or decrease in the amount of silica in the solution will change the relative amounts of glycer ine and silica in the treatment bath; and these relative amounts should not be varied outside the approximate limits stated in the above discussion of the critical relationship of the proportions of glycer ine and silica in the solution.
The amount of water in the solution may be varied somewhat so long asthe relationship between the proportions of glycer ine and silica is maintained. An increase in the amount of water in the solution will result only in decreasing the net weight increase of the dried treated Paper.
As stated, the paper is preferably 15 to 20 pound kraft paper, as. this seems to be the most convenient weight of paper to manipulate in cleaning or polishing a glass or metal surface. As stated the paper mustbe a porous, unglazed or uncalendered paper, such as kraft paper, inorder to readily impregnate it with the glycer ine and silica.
The powdered silica should be as fine as possible, but it is unnecessary to have it powdered finer than being ground to 300' to 400 mesh, as silica of this degree of fineness does not scratch smooth or polished glass or metal surfaces when being used to clean or polish the same.
In passing the paper strip or web through the heated agitated solution,the porous, unglazed, kraft paper soaks up the solution and excess solution carried on the surface of the paper is removed by the passage of the paper between rolls, The following air drying operation,preferably performed in a hot air drier, evaporates the water from theother elements of the solution impregnated in and carried by the paper,but does not evaporate the glycer ine.
After the paper has been treated and dried, it should be stored in a moisture-free atmosphere so as to prevent absorption of moisture by theglycer ine in the paper; because such absorption of moisture may cause the treated paper to streak the article being cleaned.
For these reasons, the treated paper may be cut in sheets of convenient size, say 16" x 20", and a number of sheets enclosed and sealed in a tight package, such as a sealed Cellophane package, so that packages ofthe cleaner may be carried in stock on the shelves of a merchant without absorbing moisture.
Alternately, instead of treating kraft paper as received in rolls from a paper mill, the paper may be treated to incorporate the glycer ine and powdered silica therein in the approximate proportions stated during the manufacture of paper at a paper mill.
The improved paper cleaner may be used to clean or polish any glass surfaces and the like and also to clean and polish metal surfaces suchas silverware, either solid or plated, and polished plated 'trim orornamentation metal, or other paper glass cleaner, the. use ofglycer inewithin the limits of the critical proportions stated, does not streak glass and does not form a f lm on".
' the surface being cleaned or polished; but the 1 glycer ine performs the binding, toughening,-
softening and silica-retaining functions.
Likewise, in the prior art products that use silica, the silica dustsoff so as to result in an accumulation of powdered silica at places adjacent to the surface being cleaned or polished, which accumulation must in turn be cleaned away.
"metal, articles.
When used, a sheet of treated paper may be crumpledin the hand and wiper or rubbed over the sur'fafce to be cleaned, in the usual manner, or a layer of the paper may be pressed with the thumb or finger 0n the surface being cleaned and rubbed or wiped to and fro across the surface. The treated paper is and can be used dry. However, automobile Windshieldssometimes become heavily covered with the remains of bugs, and in this particular situation, the windshield may be cleaned more quickly by first wetting a paper and rubbing the windshield and then rubbing and cleaning the windshield with another dry crumpled ball of the treated paper.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a dry paper glass cleaner which can be used to clean and polish smooth or polished surfaces, suchas metal and glass surfaces, without dusting off.
The finished dry paper glass cleaner product carries or is impregnatedwith glycer ine and silica in the approximate amount of to by weight ofthe untreated paper and in the approximate ratio of from 2 to 3 to equal parts by weight of glycer ine and silica. The approximate ratio ofglycer ine and silica carried by or impregnated in the paper as stated,results from the treatment of the paper in the solution described abovefolfollowed by drying.
Moreover, the agitation of the solution while treating the paper therewith, and the rolling of the treated paper as it leaves the treatment bath uniformly distributes the glycer ine and silica and uniformly spreads and impregnates the same on and in the paper so as to form a non-dusting, nonstreaking product when dried.
Having described the invention, and the improved glass cleaner product thereof, together with the improvements in manufacturing the glass cleaner product, the use of the same, the disadvantages overcome and the new results obtained; the new and useful products and methods, and reasonable mechanical equivalents thereof obvious to those skilled inthe art, are set forth in the appended claims.
I claim:
1. The method of making a glass cleaner and the like, including the steps of treating kraft pa weight of untreated paper and in theapproximate ratio of from 2 to 3 to equal parts by weight of glycer ineand silica.
4. The method of making a glass cleaner and the like, including the steps of treating kraft paper with an aqueous solution containing 75 to115 cc. glycer ine and 150 gms. powdered silica per liter of water, andthen hot air drying the paper to evaporate the water and form a treated paper carrying glycer ine and silica in the approximate amount of 15% to20% by weight of untreated paper and in the approxlmate ratio of from 2to 3 to equal parts by weight of glycer ine and silica.
5. The method of making a non-dusting, nonstreaking paper glass cleanerimpregnated with from 15% to 20% by weight of a mixture of glycer ine and silica in the approximate ratio of from 2 to 3 to equal parts by weight,which includes the steps of treating kraft paper with an aqueous solution containing from '75 to 115 cc. glycer ine and 150 gms. powdered silica per liter of water, agitating the solution while treating the paper therewith and rolling the treated paper to uniformly impregnatethe paper with the glycer ine cleaner and the like consisting of a dry product per with an aqueous solution containing from 75 I to 115 cc.glycer ine and 150 gms. powdered silica per liter of water, and then drying the paper to evaporate the water and form a treated paper carrying glycer ine and silica in the approximate amount of 15% to 20% by weight of untreated paper and in the approximate ratio of from 2 to 3 to equal parts by weight of glycer ine and silica.
2. The method of making a glass cleaner and the like, including the steps of treating porous, unglazed, kraft paper in a hot aqueous solution containing from '75 to 115 cc. glycer ine and 150 gms. powdered silica per liter of water, and then drying the paper to evaporate the water and form r 8. treated paper carrying glycer ine and silica in theapproximate amount of 15% to 20% by weight of untreated paper and in theapproximate ratio of from 2 to 3 to equal parts by weight of glycer ineand silica.
3. The method of making a glass cleaner and the like, including the steps of treating kraft paper with a hot aqueous solution containing from 75 to 115 cc. glycer ine and 150 gms. powdered silica per liter of water, then rolling the paper, and then drying the paper to evaporatethe water and form a treated paper carrying glycer ine and sil ice. in theapproximate amount of 15% to 20% by and silica," and then drying the paper.
6. A non-dusting, non-streaking paper glass formed of porous,unglazed'kraft paper treated to increase its weight approximately 15% to20% with glycer ine and 300 to 400 mesh powdered silica in theapproximate ratio of from 2 to 3 to equal parts by weight.
7. The method of making a glass cleaner and the like including the steps of treating porous, unglazed, kraft paper in a hot aqueous solution containing from to v cc. glycer ine and gms. powdered silica per liter of water, agitating'the solution while treating thezpa per therewith, then rolling the paper, and then hot air drying the paper to evaporate the water and form a treated paper carrying glycer ine and silica in theapproximate amount of 15% to 20% by weight of untreated paper and in theapproximate ratio of from 2 to 3 to equal parts:, by weight of glycer ineand silica.
8. The method of making a glass cleaner and the like including the steps of treating porous, unglazed 15 to 20 pound kraft paper in a hot aqueous solution containing from 75 to 115 cc. glycer ine and 150 gms. of 300 to400 mesh powdered silica per liter of water maintained at a temperature of from 100 to 150 F. agitating the solution while treating the paper therewith, then rolling the paper, and then hot air drying-the paper toevaporate the water and form a treated paper carrying glycer ine and silica in the approximate amount of 15% to 20% by weight of untreated paper and in the approximate ratio of from 2 to 3 to equal parts by weight of glycer ine and silica. 1 A RAYMOND M. SCHLABACH.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | None | US-43138D-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:15",
"publication_date": "1864-06-14T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Improvement in friction clutches or pulleys
' Shelburne Falls, in
and State 'of Massachusetts, have invented friction-ring,
ings.
'overhangs said arms.
. the collar F are two wedge shaped pie UNITED .STATES PATENT @erica S.SHEPARDSON, 0F SIIELBURNE FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS.
Specifica-tion forniing parts of Letters Patent No. 43, [38, dated June14, 1864.
To all u-hom it may concern Beit known that I, H. S. SnErARDsoN, of the county of Franklin certain new and useful improvements in Fric-` tion Clutches or Pulleys; and I do hereby declare that the following is ai'ull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, making a parl; oi' this specieatiomin which-Figure 1 represents a side view ot the pulley or clutch, and Fig. 2represents a section through the same in the direction of the line ofthe shaft on which it is to be placed. f
Similar letters, where they occur, denote like parts in both ofthe figures.
' My invention consists, first, in the 'combi nation ot' the wedges onthe sliding collar with the radial arms on the hub ot' the clutch ring for forcing out said clutch or friction ring against the inner perimeter of the pulley; and, secondly, it consists in the. manner ot' connecting the radial arms tothe segmental so as to more directly apply the force of said arms te the expanding of said segments. i
To enable-others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I'will proceed to 'describe the same with reference to the draw The hub a of`the expansive or friction ring A is fitted to the'sh'aft B by a feather, b, aud suitable slot, so that both shall turn together. The-hu'b c of the pulley C isv-fitt`ediipon and over thehub a, so as to turn independent oi'said hub a when unclutched fro ln its ring A. A collar, '1),' with a setserew, r1, or otherwise, holds the pulley and its hub c in position at one end and the hub a of the frictionfring atthe other end. The arms E of the pulley are V at or near the center of.the face or perimeter V of said pulley, sothat the rim ot' the pulleyoves end wise on -the grooved ate for the shipper to rlfhis collar, b v means of a feather, g, can turn with the A shaft and be the shaft at the'same time. V Upon ces, h h, openings, i1',
F is a collar that 1n shaft B, and is work in.
f, and slot slid along which work in two mortises or near the hub a ofthe'expansive ring A. When ese openings, s or arms a n, which have them, to which one end of pair `ot` toggle-arms o o is hinged, the
nds ot' said levers being hinged or pi vk the wedges are forced into th they pass under pin cross-'heads m upon of the other e under the rim ofthe pulley,
make this clamping and u -the friction bet the pair working upondiii'erent segments,
of the levers o and thus the slightest motion clamps or releases the segments from the drum of the pulley, as the case may be. When the wedge sh h are forced in to the position shown in red lines in Fig. 2, the segments are'tightly clamped against the pnl-ley, so that all shall rnn.with the shaft, shown in black lines in Fig. 2, then the pulley isunclutched and can run independent et' the shaft and friction clutch,4or stop, while they continue to run.
vThe segmental-friction ring A is entirely and only moves radiallyand not along the shaft, and thus is out of the way and makes mechanism.A Eachsegu-lent has one arm, Gr, cast or wrought .on it to hold it in place and prevent the `segments from moving toward the center, and thus fthelninutest expansion ofthe ends or split portions ofthe segments immediately clamps itself to-the pulley,.er unc lamps it, `as the case may be 5 and to n clamping at all times perfect a nut, s, on the screw u may be adjusted so as to make it very sensitive and reliable, and instantaneous in its action, said screw u being made on a portion of the arm n, against which the wedges l1. work. To cause the wedges h li tomorefreely move the arms n a, I propose to place small -friction of said arms,vto reduce Ween the two parts, without l rolls upon the endsimpairing the radialgforce uponfthe arms by Having thus fully described my invention, what claim therein as new, and V desire to secure by Letters Patent, isi 1. The combination of Athe wedges li on the sliding collar F with thel radial arms n, connected with the expansive or friction ring A, substantially 'as 'an friction-segments by toggle'levers o o, which straddle the -cuts in said ring, as and for the purpose described.
n. s. sHnPAnDsON. Witnesses:
' inn. PRATT,
NELsoN SPa/teun.
Vand `when in the position a. neat piece of" d for the purpose described. 2. Counecting the .radial arms u to the
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1915-03-05 | US-1241015-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:16",
"publication_date": "1922-01-10T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Method of boring embroidery fabric
R. ZAHN, DEC'D.
A. RIETZSCH. ADMINISTRATOR.
METHOD OF BORING EMBROIDERY FABRIC.
APPLICATION FILED MAR. 55. 1915.
ROBERT ZAI-IN', DECEASED, BY ALFRED RIETZSCH, ADIEINISTEATOR, PLAUEJ\T,VOG'ILAND, GERIEAETY, ASSIGNOB TO ALIEN PROPERTY CUSTODIAN.
METHOD OF BOREIIG EMBROEDEPUY FABRIC.
inoaeei.
Specification of Letters 'ia tent.
Patented Jan. 1%, 1922.
Original application filed July 9, 1912, Serial No. 708,496. Divided and this application filed March 5,
(GRANTED UNDER THE PRUVISI-JNS OF THE 5.8T MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. In,1313.)
To aZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, ALFRED Rinrzsorr, a subject of the German Emperor and resident of Plauen, in Vogt land, Saxony, Germany, am administrator of the estate of Ronnnr ZAHN, deceased, and that said ROBERT ZAHN has invented new and useful Improvements in a Method of Boring Embroidery Fabric, (for which he has filed an application in Germany, February 6,1912,) of which the annexed is a specification.
The present application is a division of original application Serial No.708,496, filed July 9, 1912, which has matured into Patent Number1,162,009 and dated Nov. 30, 1915.
As is well known, the fabric on which the embroidery is produced, is stretched taut in its frame by hooking the vertical edges thereof to the frame and fastening its horizontal edges to the fabric rollers. All efforts notwithstanding, it has been found impossible to wind the fabric around the rollers absolutely uniformly and without folds. Therefore the tension at the different points of the fabric surface is not uniform and will Vary more with larger fabric surfaces. The unevenness of the tension reaches the highest degree with fabrics of the enormously largeembroidering machines as now in use.
However, the unevenness of the tension, due to non-uniform. stretching,in itself, after all would not be of Very great importance and would not materially affect the embroidery, if at least this unevenness would remain constant during the entire embroidering process. But this is not the case. Leaving aside the fact that during lengthy periods of interruption of the work, as during dinner time and night time, owing to changes of air humidity and temperature, a distortion, often to a considerable extent of the fabric, takes place; during the embroideringwork, too, a distortion is caused, that is to say, different points ofthe embroidery are caused to change their position relative to the needles. And that the displacement of the fabric surface is not uniform at all parts, but is smaller here and larger there, to the left at one place and to the right at another, is due to the non-uniform tension ofthe fabric. It is evident, that, owing to the above named circumstances,the embroidery design not only is greatly affected in its appearance,but also is frequently damaged and even rendered entirely useless. This particularly happens when distortion of the embroidery takes place atthe time when the borers are set into operation. For then the sharp edges of the borers sever the adjoining already finished parts of the embroidery design.
Moreover, the borers in themselves give rise to distortion of the fabric. When the borers, of which in some machines there are about a thousand, simultaneously pierce the fabric, their sharp edges cut the'fibres of the fabric, and it is evident that owing to the elasticity of the fibres, the tension of the fibres of the entire fabric surface is immediately changed. But the embroidering process itself, too,particularly during the formation of so called flat stitches, gives rise to distortion of the fabric, in that the design of the work is contracted and consequently the tension of the fabric increased. Thereis only that difference between the distortion caused during theembroidering process and the boring process, that during the latter the fibres are severed and the tension of the fabric is lessened instead of increased as during the former. As the lessened tension of the bored parts is not regularly compensated by the increased tension of the parts formed by the flat stitches, another cause for a variance in tension ofthe entire fabric is created.
The object of this invention is to provide a method of preventing, as much as possible, the tension arising during the embroidering process from affecting the embroidery design.
My new method consists in that th embroidering needles, which, as wellknown, are arranged in close vicinity of the borers, are caused, duringthe boring operation, to enter the fabric with their points only and not quite to their eyes and to be withdrawn simultaneously with the borersimmediately preceding the moment when the fabric frame is to be displaced for the formation of the next series of boreholes. Thus the fabric surface becomes so to say temporarily reinforced by the needle sat all those points where the borers could damage the same. As the needle points engage not only the fabric but also the stitch holes ofthe rigid stitch plates, it is clear, that even a very strong lateral force could not bring about a displacement of any part of the embroidery. Hence, as long as the borers are in action the embroidery maintains its position owing to its re enforcement by the needle points.
In order to make my invention more clear reference is had to the accompanying drawing in which similar characters denote corresponding parts and in which Fig. 1 diagrammatically shows a part of anembroidering machine and Fig. 2 is a detail, show ing the adjustable roller of the needle operating mechanism.
The fabric surface is denoted by reference letters w m, the embroideringneedles are denoted by 3 and the borers by 7. The latter are operated in well known manner from a cam 8 through levers 9, 10 and a connecting rod11. The needles 3 are operated from the cam 12 through .the medium of abell crank lever 13 connected to a rod 14L which carries a roller 15co-operating with the cam 12.
' When it is desired to have the needles 3 engage the fabric with the Points only in order to reinforce the fabric during the boring operation the roller 15 is displaced transversely to the rod 14L to bear on the circumference of another cam 12 so fixed on the shaft 12 that a part ofits circumference coincides with that of the cam 12. The displacement ofthe roller 15 is effected by means of a forked bell crank 16 (Fig. 2)which constantly engages the roller 15 and which may be operated by hand or from the jacquard mechanism (not shown) through the medium of the rod17.
WV hat is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:
1. A method of boring embroidery fabric consisting in piercing and simultaneously reinforcing the fabric and relieving it at the moment the fabric is to be displaced for borin at another place.
2. method of boring embroidery fabric consisting in piercing and simultaneously stiffening the surface of the fabric and relieving the latter at the moment it is to be displaced for boring at another place.
3. A method of boring embroidery fabric, consisting in piercing theborers through the fabric and simultaneously projecting the stitching needles through the fabric so as to engage the latter with their points only and removing the said needles from the fabric preceding the moment the latter is displaced for boring a new series of holes.
In testimony whereof I afi ix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.
ALFRED RIETZSCH, Administrator of the estate 0 Robert Za Jm,
deceased.
Witnesses:
ROBERT H. NIER, Jos nn GRANBY.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1901-11-01 | US-1901080721-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:17",
"publication_date": "1902-04-29T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Car-brake.
No. 698,784. Patented Apr. 29, I902.
A. BALDN.
GAB BRAKE.
(Application filed Nov. 1, 1901.
4 (No Model.)
waned/564: v [nmn'ova- 4: "cams PEYEHS ca. PNOTO-LIYNQ. WASNINGTDN u c UNITED STATES PATENQF OFFICE;
ANDRE\V BALON, OF. ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY.
CAR-BRAKE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters latent No. 698,784, dated April29, 1902.
Application filed November 1, 1901. Serial No. 80,721. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern;
Be it known that I, ANDREW BALON, a citizen of Austria-Hungary, and a resident of Elizabeth, Union. county, New Jers ey, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Car-Brake, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to a car-brake of novel construction and in whichthe brake shoes are guided against the wheels in a positive manner.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of acar-truck'provided with my improved brake; Fig. 2, a plan of one-half ofthe same; Fig. 3, a detail of the brake-operating mechanism; and Fig. 4,a section on line 4 4:, Fig. 3.
The frame of the truck is composed of an upper double section a aand a lower double section b b, that converge toward their ends, so as to runout into a single front and rear section 0. Between the two arms of the upper section a a slides the load-carrying bolster d, guided by rails dand supported upon the center of a semi-elliptic spring e. The ends ofthis spring are coiled around pins f, carried by links f, that are suspended between the arms of the lower section b'b at f The space between the upper and lower sections a a and b b is traversed by upright rails g for guiding the oil-boxes g' which are supported by the axle-bearings. The car-truck frame is supported upon the oil-boxes by springs 9 The load is transmitted from the bolster at through the spring e to the lower frame-section and thence through rails g to the upper frame-section to be evenly distributed to the oil-box springs 9 receives the end of a squared shaft is, adapted to be operated by the brake-lever It and carrying an eccentric 10 arranged between the pins When the brake is to be set, the
shaft 70 is so turned that the eccentric k bears against the shoes j and causes them to slide along the pins e', so as to engage the wheels Z.When the brake isto be taken off, the shaft is turned to withdraw the eccentric le when the shoes will be retracted by the springs 9.
What I claim is A car-brake provided with a bearing, an upper anda lower pin' received thereby and projecting with theirfiends beyond the bearing, spring influenced perforated brake-shoes adapted to slide upon the projecting ends of the pins, and an eccentric that engages the brake-shoes intermediate the pins, substantially as specified.
Signed by meat Elizabeth, Union county, New J ers ey, this 25th*d'a'y, of October, 1901;
ANDREW BALON.
Witnesses:
H. G. HooLEY, A. NEFT.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1928-11-30 | US-32260928-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:18",
"publication_date": "1931-03-24T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Tire carrier
March 24, 1931.
F. G. ALBORN ET AL TIRE CARRIER Filed Nov. 30, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l ANDBY EDWIN H. sA vAsE ATTORNEY March24, 1931. F ALBQRN ET AL 1,797,222
TIRE CARRIER Filed Nov. 30, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I INVENTORS FRANK G.ALBORN AND EDWIN H. SAVAGE ATTORN EY Patented Mar. 24, 1931 Unites stares rarest em FRANKG. ALBORN AND nn win n. savaen, or CLE ELAND, onrnssienons TO THE I WHITE MOTOR COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, I-IIO,'ACORPORATION or OHIO TIRE onnninn Application filed November 30, 1928.Serial No. 322,609. I
I This invention relates to spare tire car more for motor vehlcles.
It is an object of this invention to provide a simple efficient tire carrier of the underslung type which supports the tire in spaced relation to the adjacent parts of the carrier and vehicle. V a
It is a further object of this invention to provide a tire carrier ofthe underslung type The invention itself will'be more readily understood from the description of one prac-.
tical embodiment thereof, illustrated in the accompanying drawings inwhich 7 a Figure 1 is a top plan view of a tire carrier, showing a spare tiremounted therein in carried position.
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line 22 of Figure 1.
j Figure 3 is a s1de elevation of the carrier,
7 showing the relative positions of'the difier ent parts of the carrier,both to themseives and to a spare tire,'at an intermediate stage in the placement or removal of the spare tire. V
- Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4.4 of Figure 1, and v Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on line 55 of Figure 1.
Referring to the drawings, the numeral 10 indicates the rear portion ofa motor truck frame. Rigidly secured to the frame side rails 11 is a metal stirrup 12 the bottom section 13 of which forms with the members14 and 15 an underslung platform 16. This platform is designed to support a spare tire 17 and is constructed with raised surfaces 18 which engage the lower surface of the rim 19 to support the t1re in spaced relation to the subjacent'parts of the platform. 7 It is to be noted that this platform comprises a central unobstructed portion bounded by and including the members 14, over which a tire maybe facilely slid on or 03 the platform to and from a carried position thereon.
The members 14 of the platform 16 are constructed of resilient material,such as spring steel, and permit the platform to swing downward under the weight of the tire to the pos1t1on illustrated in Figure 3. In order that the tire 17 may be placed upon and removed from the platform 16with facilitv and withoutsubjecting the n emberltl to ex: cessive'strain by further depression of the rear end of the plat-form, the members 14 are formed with curvatures 20 Whichprovidea clearance betweenthe platform and pair of overhead tire centering members 21 that exceeds the width of the tire v I V The members 21 are rigidly attached at their upper ends to a frame cross member 22, and are formed with shoulders 23and flanges 24 designed to engage respeotivelythe upper an dinner surfaces of the rim 19. As clearly shown; in the drawings, the shoulders 23 are located at such a distance below the frame ast oj'engage the rim .19 to hold the tire 17 in space relation to the frame.
Hooked through loosely fitting apertures 25 formediin the side ra'ils'll,there is a pair of dependlngrods 26. These'rods are adapted for insertion within slots 27 formed in the ends of the'platform member 15,and carry on their lower threaded ends star-shaped nuts 28 designedforengage ment with, the lower surface of the member 15. As clearly shown in Figure 5, the nuts 28. are *formed with rounded upper ends 29 whichfitwithin complementary recesses 30 formed in the lower surface of-the member 15. This inter en'gage ment of the nuts 28 with the member lo is effective in securing the rods 26 within I the slots27." I I To assemble a tire within the carrier with the parts occupying the positions illustrated in Figurej3, the-tire is placed in centered positionupontheplatform 16, the rear end of the platform elevated and rods 26inserted withinhthessl'ots 27., after whichthe nuts 28 use to tires of'the width illustrated, but may be utilized to carry tires of varying smaller widths. r 7
Although the foregoing description is necessarily of a detailed character, in order that the invention may be completely set forth,
it is'to be understood that specific terminology is not intended to be restrictive or confining,
and that various rearrangements of the parts 1 and modifications in structural details may 10 be resorted to without departing from the scope of the invention claimed.- r 1 Having described our invention,what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. The combination with a vehicle of a tire carrier suspended therefrom,said carrier comprising a resilient platform adapted to support a spare tire, rigid means rigidly associated with said vehicle and said platform for supporting one end of said platform in spaced relation to said vehicle, means for re 7 leasably supporting the opposite end of said platform in certain position with respect to said vehicle, and means for holding a tire' 5 upon said platform when said last named end of said platform is supported in the aforesaid position. V
2. The combination witha vehicle of a tire carrier suspended therefrom,said carrier comprising a resilient platform adapted to support aspare tire, rigid means rigidly associated with said vehicle and said platform for supporting one end of said platform in spaced relation to said vehicle, meansforreleasaloly supporting the opposite end of said platform in certain position with respect to said vehicle, and means depending from said vehicle adapted to hold a tire upon said pla t form when said last named end of said plat- 40 form is supported in the aforesaid position,
said platform being formed with a depression subjacent said last named'means by virtue of'which tires of large widths may be facilely placed upon or moved from said platform. 7 v e 3. The combination with a vehicle of an underslung tire carrier suspended therefrom, saidtir'e carrier comprising a resilient platform adapted to support a spare tire,means rigidly supporting one end of said platform in spaced relation to said vehicle, means pivotally attached to said vehicle adapted toVreleasably support the opposite "end of said 7 platform in a certain position with respect to said vehicle, and means rigidly associated with said vehicle adapted to hold a -tire upon said platform when said last named end of said platform is supported-in the aforesaid position. 3 rIn testimony whereof we'hereunto affixour signatures this 28th day of November, 1928.
EDWIN H. SAVAGE.
|
2024-03-22T00:00:00 | 1943-05-22 | US-48806443-A | {
"language": "en",
"license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"provenance": "USPTO-0000.json.gz:19",
"publication_date": "1946-04-30T00:00:00"
} | USPTO-Google Patents Public Data | Locking means for pressure chamber doors
April 0, 1946. w. 1.. CULLEN 2,399,327
LOCKING MEANS FOR PRESSURE CHAMBER DOORS Filed May 22, 1943 2Sheets-Sheet l 56 .[NVENTOB a) MLL/AM LLOYD CULLEN MBA/1S", K/scw,Fosrzn 5/445):
ATTORNEYS April 1946- w. CULLEN I 2,399,327
LOCKING MEANS FOR PRESSURE CHAMBER DOORS Filed May 22, 1945 2Sheets-Sheet 2 I I [NVENTOB I VV/LL/AM LLOYD CULLEN 1} H HARRIS mac/4,FosrsR @MRR/S I ii w ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 30, 1946 LOCKING MEANS FORPRESSURE CHAMBER DOORS William Lloyd Cullen, Los Angeles, Calif.,assignmto Hughes Tool Company, Houston, Tex., a eor-' poration of Delaware Application May 22, 1943, Serial No. 488,064
7 Claims.
- My invention relates to closure-securing means and is directed specifically to the construction of means to lock the door of a pressure chamber.
The invention is being initially applied to the problem of locking a relatively large door through which large airplane sections must pass into a chamber for processing at super atmospheric pressure. It will be apparent, however, that the invention is widely applicable.
Since the force tending to open a circular door of a cylindrical pressure chamber varies as the square of the diameter of the door, any means designed for holding a relatively large door in closed position must be capable of withstand ing forces of tremendous magnitude. If the fluid under pressure is gaseous, for example air or steam, the proper designing of the door-retaining means is of special importance, since any structural failure may cost human lives.
The general object of my invention is to provide a simple, efficient,and safe means for retaining or looking such a door against fluid pressure.
One of the specific objects of my invention is to provide a door-locking means having extensive zones of engagement, thereby to keep the unit stress of, the door-locking means at a low value relative to the magnitude of the total pressure against the door. In this regard, my invention is characterized by the concept of providing a ring around thedoor adapted to expand from an inner position to an outer position, and vice versa, the ring at one of said positions providing forinterengagement between a circumferentially extensive locking surface onthe door and. a second circumferentially extensive locking surface onthe chamber.
In the preferred practice of my invention, the locking ring is split toprovide ring ends that may be moved apart to expand the ring and drawn toward each other to contract the ring. Certain objects of my invention relate to the provision of simple and efficient means for causing such relative movement between the ring ends. Among these objects are thefollowing: to provide means for multiplying manual force exerted by an operator in moving the ring to lock the door; to provide such means inwhich the mechanical advantage for multiplication of the applied force progressively increases in the course of the locking operation; toprovide such means that is irreversible in the sense that the ring-operating means is mechanically non-responsive to forces tending to move the ring to its door-releasing position; and to provide such means that may be conveniently latched to hold the ring in its ineffective position when the door is open.
In the preferred practice of my invention, a further object in mind isto provide an expansible ring that will have at least some wedgingaction to insure movement of the door to a desired closed position.
Another object of my invention is to provide a door-locking arrangement that incorporates means to indicate whether or not the door is locked,the indicating means being perceptible at any desired point or points near the door or remote from the door. Such an indicating means reduces the possibility. of accidents, caused, for example, by introducing-fluid under pressure into the chamber while the door is open or when thedoor-locking ring is not moved completely into its door-locking position.
A still further object of my invention is to provide safety means to prevent an operator from inadvertently releasing the door-locking means while the chamber contains fluid at dangerous pressure.
The above and other objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent in the following description, taken with the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings, which are to be considered as merely illustrative:
Figure lis a plan view, partly in section, of a door at the end of a cylindrical chamber incorporating my invention, the view being partly broken away and partly in section for clarity;
Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the door-locking ring and an associated indicating circ uit;
Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary section of the door showing thedoor-locking mechanism;
Figure 4 is a similar section showing a switch in the indicating circ uit;
Figure 5 is a similar section, taken as indicated by the line 5-5 of Figure 1;
Figure 6 is a fragmentary view, taken as indicated by the arrow 6 in Figure 3, a portion of the wall structure being broken away to reveal the locking mechanism; and
Figure 7 is a wiring diagram of circ uit means for control lin certain safety locks in the preferred practice of my invention. 7
The drawings illustrate the invention as applied to a large cylindrical chamber, generally designated l0, having a semi-spherica1 door, gen-'erally designated l I, that is large enough to pass large wing sections and other structural parts of aircraft and the like. Such a chamber maybe employed for applying pressure, or pressure together with heat, for setting adhesive plastic in the fabrication of airplane structure.
Since such a large door for withstand in high pressure is necessarily oftremendou weight, and since it is desirable to avoid the use of hinges,it is necessary to provide some power-actuated means for moving the door into and out of its closed position. For this purpose, Figure 1 shows a frame structure if! welded to the door. The frame structure i2 provides on each side of the door a plate I! and two flanges l5 for sliding engagement with vertical tracks I 6 made of channel-iron. The vertical tracks are part of a door supporting frame IT. The door-supporting frame I! is movable toward and away from the end of the chamber l0 under the guidance of guide bars II and is provided with a suitable hoist (not shown) for elevating and lowering the door when the door-supporting frame I 1 is spaced away from the open end of the cylindrical chamber.
As indicated in Figure 3, the chamber Hi has a relatively thick entrance wall 20 to receive telescopic ally a cylindrical wall portion 2| of thedoor II. On the inner side of the entrance wall 28 is welded a ring 22to provide a seat for a resilient ring 23 of rubber or other suitable material. The resilient ring 23 is postioned to serve as a bum'ier to cushion the closing action of the door II, but ii at any time the chamber is employed to develop a vacuum, the resilient ring may function primarily as a sealing means, atmospheric pressure exerted over the entire area or the door serving to urge the door against the resilient ring in an air-ti ht manner.
If the chamber II is placed under super-atmospheric pressure, forexample by the introduction of steam as contemplated herein, leakage from the interior of the chamber is prevented by a sec and resilient sealing ring 25 seated in an annular recess 26 in the entrance wall 20.This second sealing ring 25 is preferably of U-shaped cross section, as indicated, to form two annular sealing lips 21 having tapered edges.Such a U-shaped sealing ring may be backed up by a metal ring 28 and may embrace a second metal ring ID that serves to hold the two sealing lips21 apart. Fluid pressure from the interior of the chamber Ill causes thetwo sealing lips'to tl ex against the adjacent metal surfaces in aliquid-tight manner. Obviously, various sealing arrangements may be employed to retain either a vacuum or super atmospheric pressure in the chamber when the door is closed.
My invention contemplates the provision of two circumterentiallyextensive shoulders for co0per ation with an expansible ring. One shoulder is provided by the chamber structure and faces toward the interior of the chamber, while the other shoulder is provided by thedoor structure and faces outwardly of the chamber. When the rin isefiective to prevent outward movement at the door in response to chamber pressure, the outwardly-facing door shoulder presses against the ring and the ring, in turn, presses against the inwardly-facing shoulder ofthe chamber structure.
As best shown in Figure 4, a chamber shoulder 3| may be formed by cutting a circumferential recess 32 on the inside oi the entrance wall20 of the chamber, while a cooperative door shoulder 33 may be provided by cutting away the material of the cylindrical wall 2! or the door.
It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that a ring forthe desired cooperation with the two shoulders SI and I! may be adapted either to expand out of engagement with the door shoulder 33 or to contract out of engagement with the chamber shoulder 3|. In other words,the ring may either be mounted on the chamber structure to contract india meter from an ineffective or door-releasing position into door-locking engagement with both the shoulders, or may be mounted onthe door for expansion in diameter from a door-releasing position into door locking engagement with the two shoulders. In my preferred construction illustrated by the drawings, I choose to mount anexpansible ring 35 adjacent the door shoulder 33 for expansion into a position for engaging both the door shoulder 33 and the chamber shoulder II.
The particular locking ring 35 shown in the drawings is divideddiametrically into upper and lower sections 36 and 31, respectively.Each of these two sections may carry a pin 38 (Figures 1 and 5) thatslidingly engages a radial slot II in an angular retaining clip ll.Other retaining clips 42, without such slots, may be placed at various points around the door to loosely retain the locking ring 38 when thedoor is in open position.
In the present practice of the invention, I employ on each side of thedoor what may be termed a toggle lock, generally designated 0, the construction of which is best shown in Figures 3 and 8. Each toggle lock comprises a pair of interconnected toggle links ll and 48, the link ll being pivotally connected to a bracket 41 on the end of the upper locking ring section I, and the link 48 being likewise pivotallyconnected to a bracket 48 on the lower locking ring section 31. For manual control, the lower toggle link ll may be one arm of an operating lever ll having a suitable handle 8|.
When the operating lever II is raised to locking position, as indicated in Figure 6, the two toggle links 4! and I! move past center to provide a positive lock with no reaction forces tending to throw the lock open.In other words, by arranging for the two toggle links to move past center in expanding the ring, I provide what may be termed an irreversible linkage in the sense that any tendency of the ring sections to move together does not create any tendency tcr the toggle links to swing to their door-releasing positions.
The two toggle locks 43 on opposite sides of the door are opened by simply swinging the operating levers 50 downwardly, and, for convenience, a suitable latch 52 may be provided to hold each toggle lock open, thereby to hold the divided locking ring in radiallycontracted state. Each latch 52, as best shown in Figures 3 and 6, may comprise simply a leaf-spring arm bent to form a suitable latchingshoulder 53 ior engagement with the associated operating lever SI, the arm being adapted for flexure out oi latching position.
Figures 1, 2, and 4 indicate how, in the preferred practice or my invention, I may incorporate means to indicate whether or not the looking ring 38 is in its effective position to hold the door ll closed.Four switches II may be placed at equally spaced positions around the circumference of the entrance wall 20 of the chamber, each of the switches having an operating plunger I8 that extends through a bore 81(Figure 4) in the entrance wall into the path of expansion of the locking ring SI. These lour switches ll are closed only when the locking ring SI is properly expanded into its locking position so that failure of any one of the four switches to close indicates that the door II isnot properly locked.
As shown diagrammatically in Figure 2, the switches may be connected in series by wires II, with one end or the series connected to a wire I andthe other end of the series connected to a wire I. A battery 82, or other suitable source of electromotive force, is shown with one terminal connected to the wire 8. and the other terminal connected in parallel to individual signal lamps i3 and t5, the two signal lamps being, in turn,individually connected to the wire II. It is apparent that, when the four switches II are all closed by expansion of the locking ring II, the
two signal lamps i3 and BI will be energized to indicate that it is safe to introduce fluid under pressure into the chamber II. The two signal lamps 63 and 65 may be at different stations, one station, for example,being near the entrance to the pressure chamber and the other station being in a boiler room within sight of a valve employed for regulating the flow of steam into the chamber III.
In the preferred practice of my invention, 1 also incorporate suitable safety means eifective automatically to prevent anyone from inadvertently unlocking the door while a hazardous condition exists with respect to the interior of the chamber It, for example to prevent anyone from unlocking the door while the chamber is charged with fluid at a dangerous pressure.
Figure 6 shows, by way of example, how the operating lever 50 may be provided with a short extension 88 that is concentric with the axis of rotation of the lever and is formed with a locking recess 81 for cooperation with a safety lock 8. The safety lock 68 is in the form of a solenoid mounted on the door by suitable screws II, which solenoid hasan operating plunger 1| to serve as a locking member for movement into and out of the locking recess 61. It is contemplated that the plunger Hof the solenoid will be retracted from the locking recess when the solenoid is de-energized and will automatically enter the recess to prevent opening movement of the lever 50 whenever the solenoid is energized.
Figure '7 shows schematically how the two coils 12, respectively, of thetwo safety locks 80 that lie on opposite sides of the door H may be connected in parallel between two wires ll and II. The wire I! isconnected to one terminal of a battery 11, or other suitableelectromotive source, and the other terminal of the battery is connected to one side of a pressure-responsive switch II. The wire 16 is connected to the other side of the switch It to complete the circ uit. Whenever fluid under pressure is introduced into the chamber it while the door IIis closed, with the two operating arms 50 in the position indicated in Figure 6. the switch ll responds to the chamber pressure by closing the circ uit shown in Figure '1, thereby energizing the two coils I! to cause the two safety locks 8| to lock the operating handles Bl against opening movement. The safety locks it may be released only by causing the chamber pressure to drop to a safe level.
The manner in which the invention operates will be readily apparent fromthe foregoing description. when the door is moved into closed position preliminary to the processing of material in the chamber ID, the operator swings each of the operating levers 50 upwardly to the position shown in full lines in Figure 6. It will be noted that the operating arm{I is considerably longer than the toggle link ll, thereby multiplying the manual i'orce applied by the operator to the handle Ii. It will be further noted that, by virtue of the toggle linkage, the are rangementprovides increasingly favorable leverage for the operator as-the handle Si is raised to fully locked position. In approaching the fully locked position shown in full lines in Figure 6, the two toggle links ll and Its wing past center, i. e., move the interconnect in toggle pin I! past a straight line defined by the axes of the two togslepinsllandll. v
It is to be noted in Figures 3, 4, and 5 that the expanslble ring I5 hasa wedging portion, or what may be termed a rounded leading edge It to cooperate with the chamber shoulder ii to wedge the door shut whenever slight wedging action is required to shift the door to its final closed position,
When it is safe to open the door after the chamber pressure has been reduced at the end of a processing period, the operator swings the two operating levers downwardly, thereby moving the associated parts to the positions indicated by dotted lines in Figure 6. This downward movement causes the operating arm 50 to be releasably engaged by the latch arm I!to hold the locking ring I! in contracted position so long as the door is open. By providing the latch arm 52, I insure that the locking ring35 will not accidentally expand to interfere with subsequent closing action of the door. The two latch arms 52 may be readily flexed to release the operating handles it whenever desired.
The preferred practice of my invention described in detail herein will suggest to those skilled in the art various changes and substitutions under my basic concept, and I reserve the right to all such departures from my disclosure that properly lie within the scope of my appended claims.
I claim as my invention:
1. The combination with a door and a pressure chamber of means to loci;the door, comprising: a first shoulder on the exterior of said door.said shoulder facing outwardly of the chamber; a second shoulder on a wall of the chamber, said second shoulder facing toward the interior ofthe chamber; an expansible ring adapted to expand from an inner position to an outer position and vice versa, said ring being dimensioned to clear one of said shoulders at one of said positions and to engage'both of said shoulders at the other of said positions, thereby to lock thedoor: and an indicating means responsive to expansion and contraction of said ring to indicate whether or not the door is locked.
2. The combination with a door and a pressure chamber of means to lock the door, comprising: a first shoulder on the exterior of said door.said shoulder facing outwardly of the chamber: a second shoulder on a wall of the chamber, said second shoulder facing toward the interior ofthe chamber; an expansible ring adapted to expand from an inner position to an outer position and vice versa, said ring being dimensioned to clear one of said shoulders at one of said positions and to engage both of said shoulders at the other of said positions, thereby to lock thedoor; an indicating circ uit; signal means controlled by said circ uit to indicate whether or not the door is locked; and a plurality of switch means in said circ uit positioned at spaced points of said rin said switch means being responsive to expansion and contraction of said ring for opening and -losing said circ uit.
3. The combination with a door and a pressure chamber of means to lock the door, comprising: a first annular shoulder on the exterior of said door, said shoulder facing outwardly of the chamber; a second annularshoulder on the chamber, said second shoulder facing toward the interior of the chamber; a ring split to provide separable ends for expansion ofthe ring and contraction of the ring; means acting between said separable ends of the ring to expand the ring from an inner position toan outer position and vice versa, said ring at one of said positions clearing one of said shoulders and in the other of said positionsenaging both said shoulders to hold the door in closed position; an indicating circ uit; switch means in said circ uit responsive to expansion and contraction of said ring to open and close said irc uit; and signal means controlled by said circ uit to indicate whether or not said ring isin the oosition to lock the door.
4. The combination with a door and a pressure chamber of means to lock the door, comprising:- a first annular shoulder on the exterior of said door, said shoulder facing outwardly of the chamher; a second annularshoulder on the chamber, said second shoulder facing toward the interior of the chamber; a ring split to provide separable ends for expansion ofthe ring and contraction of the ring; toggle means acting between said separable ends of the ring to expand the ring from an inner position clearing said second shoulder to an outer position engaging both of said shoulders, said toggle means being constructed and arranged to move past center in expanding the ring to lock the ring against forces tending to contract the ring; an indicating circ uit; switch means in said circ uit responsive to expansion and contraction of said ring to close the circ uit when said ring is expanded into locking position; and signal means in said circ uit to indicate when said ring is expanded into locking position.
5. The combination with a door and a pressure chamber of means to lock the door, comprising: a first annular shoulder on the exterior of said door, said shoulder facing outwardly of the chamber; a second annularshoulder on the chamber, said second shoulder facing toward the interior of the chamber; a ring split to provide separable ends for expansion ofthe ring and contraction f the ring; toggle means acting between --said separable ends of the ring to expand the ring from 1' inner position clearing said second shoulder to an outer position engaging both of said shoulders, said toggle means being constructed and arranged to move past center'in expanding the rin thereby to lock against forces tending to contract the ring; an indicating circ uit; switch means in said circ uit responsive to expansion and contraction of said ring to close the circ uit when said ring is expanded into locking position; signal means in said circ uit to indicate when said ring is expanded into locking position; and latch means to hold said toggle means in ring-contracting position to prevent closing of said switch means and consequentenergization of said indicating circ uit, thereby preventing operation of said signal means when said ring is contracted into unlocking position.
6. The combination with a door and a pressure chamber of means to lock the door, comprising: a first shoulder on the exterior of said door,said shoulder facing outwardly of the chamber; a second shoulder on a wall of the chamber facing toward the interior of the chamber; a ring split to provide separable ends; toggle means acting between these parable ends of the ring to expand the ring from an inner position toan outer position and vice versa, said ring at one of said positions clearing one of said shoulders to permit opening of the door and at theother of said positions engaging both of said shoulders to lock thedoor; electrically-actuated safety means to lock said toggle means against door-releasing movement; a circ uit to energize said safety means: and a switch in said circ uit, said switch being responsive to pressure in said chamber to cause said safety means to lock said toggle when the pres sure in the chamber rises above a predetermined va ue.
7. The combination with a door and a pressure chamber of means to lock said door, comprising: a shoulder provided on the exterior of said door and facing outwardly; another shoulder provided on a wall of said chamber and facing inwardly: locking means adapted to be moved to inner and outer positions with respect to said shoulders, said means clearing one of said shoulders in one of said positions and engaging both' of said shoulders inthe other of said positions whereby to lock said door;electrically-actuated safety means to lock said locking means indoor-locking position; a circ uit to energize said safety lock; and a switch in said circ uit responsive to pressure in said chamber to cause said safety means to lock said locking means when a predetermined pressure develops in said chamber.
WILLIAM LLOYD CULLEN.
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in Data Studio
USPTO
Description
In the United States, patent documents are released into the public domain as government works. Patents follow a highly standardized format with distinct required sections for background, detailed description, and claims. We include patents from the US Patents and Trademark Office (USPTO) as provided by the Google Patents Public Data dataset, which includes millions of granted patents and published patent applications dating back to 1782. We processed these documents to extract clean text while preserving this structured format. Mathematical expressions and equations were converted into LaTeX.
Dataset Statistics
| Documents | UTF-8 GB |
|---|---|
| 17,030,231 | 661.1 |
License Issues
While we aim to produce datasets with completely accurate licensing information, license laundering and inaccurate metadata can cause us to erroneously assign the incorrect license to some documents (for further discussion of this limitation, please see our paper). If you believe you have found an instance of incorrect licensing in this dataset, please start a discussion on this repository.
Other Versions
This is the "filtered" version of the USPTO dataset. If you are looking for the raw version, you can find it here.
Citation
If you use this dataset, please cite:
@article{kandpal2025common,
title={{The Common Pile v0.1: An 8TB Dataset of Public Domain and Openly Licensed Text}},
author={Nikhil Kandpal and Brian Lester and Colin Raffel and Sebastian Majstorovic and Stella Biderman and Baber Abbasi and Luca Soldaini and Enrico Shippole and A. Feder Cooper and Aviya Skowron and Shayne Longpre and Lintang Sutawika and Alon Albalak and Zhenlin Xu and Guilherme Penedo and Loubna Ben and Elie Bakouch and John David and Honglu Fan and Dashiell Stander and Guangyu Song and Aaron Gokaslan and John Kirchenbauer and Tom Goldstein and Brian R and Bhavya Kailkhura and Tyler Murray},
journal={arXiv preprint},
year={2025}
}
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