Datasets:

bsakash
/

RobustBiasBench

id int64 1 18.4k	date stringdate 1947-01-01 00:00:00 2025-01-01 00:00:00	bias_type stringclasses 11 values	normative_framing stringclasses 3 values	source stringlengths 15 164	policy stringlengths 14 2.69k	bias_type_merged stringclasses 3 values
1	1992	no_bias	no_bias	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1993, 1994, 1995, and 1996, and for other purposes.	no_bias
2	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend section 13(c) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to exempt from the child labor provisions of such act certain individuals employed in the harvesting or preparation of seafood.	group_2
3	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 to allow divorced individuals to take the dependent-care deduction for certain children in their custody.	group_2
4	1997	citizenship	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Immigration and Nationality Technical Corrections Act of 1994 to eliminate the special transition rule for issuance of a certificate of citizenship for certain children born outside the United States.	group_1
5	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to provide grants for educational programs designed to meet the educational needs of certain children of preschool age.	group_2
6	1997	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to allow institutions of higher education to offer faculty members who are serving under an arrangement providing for unlimited tenure, benefits on voluntary retirement that are reduced or eliminated on the basis of age, and for other purposes.	group_2
7	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to provide for the establishment of National Senior Citizen Hall of Fame Commission, and for other purposes.	group_2
8	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To prohibit the importation of soccer balls manufactured or assembled with child labor.	group_2
9	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To inform and empower consumers in the United States through a voluntary labeling system for wearing apparel and sporting goods made without abusive and exploitative child labor, and for other purposes.	group_2
10	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To impose certain sanctions on countries that do not prohibit child labor.	group_2
11	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to establish a national resource center and clearinghouse to carry out training of State and local law enforcement personnel to more effectively respond to cases involving missing or exploited children, and for other purposes.	group_2
12	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to establish a national resource center and clearinghouse to carry out, through the Jimmy Ryce Law Enforcement Training Center for the Recovery of Missing Children, training of State and local law enforcement personnel to more effectively respond to cases involving missing or exploited children, and for other purposes.	group_2
13	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To reduce violent crime by juvenile offenders.	group_2
14	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend title 18, United States Code, with respect to juvenile offenders, and for other purposes.	group_2
15	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To require initial intake screenings and the use of youth development specialists in Federal juvenile proceedings, and to encourage States and local governments to use similar procedures.	group_2
16	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To make changes in Federal juvenile justice proceedings, and to foster youth development and prevent juvenile crime and delinquency.	group_2
17	1996	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to improve the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act requirements regarding separate detention and confinement of juveniles, and for other purposes.	group_2
18	1997	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to exempt certain adopted children, and certain children coming to the United States for adoption, from the requirement to present documentation of vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases.	group_2
19	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to provide for fair and accurate criminal trials, reduce violent juvenile crime, promote accountability by juvenile criminals, punish and deter violent gang crime, reduce the fiscal burden imposed by criminal alien prisoners, promote safe citizen self-defense, combat the importation, production, sale, and use of illegal drugs, and for other purposes.	group_1
20	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to assist State and local governments in establishing effective criminal records concerning serious and violent juvenile offenders and information concerning adult members of violent criminal gangs and Federal, State, and local criminal justice officials in countering the rise in serious crime, and for other purposes.	group_1
21	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to authorize the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention of the Department of Justice to make grants to States and units of local government to assist in providing secure facilities for violent and serious chronic juvenile offenders, and for other purposes.	group_1
22	1998	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to prevent truancy and daytime juvenile crime.	group_1
23	1998	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to combat violent and gang-related crime in schools and on the streets, to reform the juvenile justice system, target international crime, promote effective drug and other crime prevention programs, assist crime victims, and for other purposes.	group_1
24	1980	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to provide for demonstration programs for the placement of certain elderly persons with foster care families.	group_2
25	1998	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to allow institutions of higher education to offer faculty members who are serving under a contract or arrangement providing for unlimited tenure, benefits on voluntary retirement that are reduced or eliminated on the basis of age, and for other purposes.	group_2
26	1997	racial_cultural	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to provide for direct assistance to Indian tribes for juvenile justice and delinqency prevention programs, and for other purposes.	group_2
27	1997	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Tariff Act of 1930 to prohibit imports of articles produced or manufactured with bonded child labor, and for other purposes.	group_2
28	1997	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to inform and empower consumers in the United States through a voluntary labeling system for wearing apparel or sporting goods made without abusive and exploitative child labor, and for other purposes.	group_2
29	1997	disability	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend provisions of law governing benefits for certain children of Vietnam veterans who are born with spina bifida, and for other purposes.	group_1
30	1996	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend Federal criminal law with respect to the prosecution of violent and repeat juvenile offenders and controlled substances, and for other purposes.	group_1
31	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to reduce violent juvenile crime, promote accountability by juvenile criminals, punish and deter violent gang crime, and for other purposes.	group_1
32	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to provide for violent and repeat juvenile offender accountability, and for other purposes.	group_1
33	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to remove the 65-year limitation .	group_2
34	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to provide for the nondiscrimination on account of age in government employment, and in Federal Government employment.	group_2
35	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to prohibit an employer from requiring evidence of age of an applicant for a job.	group_2
36	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To deter and punish serious gang and violent crime, promote accountability in the juvenile justice system, prevent juvenile and youth crime, and for other purposes.	group_1
37	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 with respect to the separate detention and confinement of juveniles, and for other purposes.	group_1
38	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To combat violent youth crime and increase accountability for juvenile criminal offenses.	group_1
39	1997	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to establish a grant program to prevent and control juvenile crime; to modify Federal court procedures applicable to violent juvenile offenders, and for other purposes.	group_1
40	1975	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to provide financial assistance for alternative educational and security plans to reduce delinquency and crime in and against the public schools of the Nation.	group_1
41	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend chapter 44 of title 18 of the United States Code (respecting firearms) to penalize the use of firearms in the commission of any felony and to increase the penalties in certain related existing provisions, to lower certain age limits from t	group_2
42	1994	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to authorize the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Programs to make grants to States and units of local government to assist in providing secure facilities for violent and chronic juvenile offenders.	group_1
43	1994	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to identify hardcore juvenile offenders and treat them as adults.	group_1
44	1994	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To provide for a change in the exemption from the child labor provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 for minors between 16 and 18 years of age who engage in the operation of automobiles and trucks.	group_2
45	1976	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to change the age limitation.	group_2
46	1976	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to provide that all Federal employees described in section 15 of such act shall be covered under the provisions of such act regardless of their age.	group_2
47	1976	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to provide that all Federal employees decribed in section 15 of such act shall be covered under the provisions of such act regardless of their age.	group_2
48	1993	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To impose mandatory sentence for crimes of violence and fraud against senior citizens, to provide for the death penalty for the homicide of a senior citizen, and for other purposes.	group_2
49	1993	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend title 18, United States Code, to clarify the scope of the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 and to prohibit the possession of a handgun or handgun ammunition by, or the private transfer of a handgun or handgun ammunition to, a juvenile.	group_1
50	1994	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to improve senior citizen housing safety.	group_2
51	1993	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit the possession of a handgun or handgun ammunition by, or the private transfer of a handgun or handgun ammunition to, a juvenile.	group_1
52	1976	disability	implicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Public Health Service Act to require a study to assess the effect of treatment of juvenile-onset diabetes on the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications.	group_1
53	1993	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit the possession of a handgun or ammunition by, or the private transfer of a handgun or ammunition to, a juvenile.	group_1
54	1976	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to require that the operatio of a schoolbus be treated under that act as oppressive child labor for employees under the age of 18.	group_2
55	1993	no_bias	no_bias	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to make technical corrections necessitated by the enactment of Public Law 102-586, and for other purposes.	no_bias
56	1993	economic	implicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To require States to ensure the quality of private security services, and the competence of private security officer personnel, as a condition of eligibility to receive funds under title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974.	group_2
57	1993	criminal_justice	implicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to allow grants to develop more effective programs to reduce juvenile gang participation and juvenile drug trafficking.	group_1
58	1976	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to preserve the eligibility of certain children for assistance through grade 3, notwithstanding improvements in their reading aptitude.	group_2
59	1976	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to preserve the eligibility of certain children for assistance through grade three, notwithstanding improvements in their reading aptitude.	group_2
60	1993	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit the transfer of a firearm or ammunition to a juvenile, and the unsupervised and unauthorized possession of a firearm or ammunition by a juvenile.	group_1
61	1974	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to extend the time for filing certain claims for income tax refunds for 1970 based on the sick pay exclusion under section 105(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 in the case of certain taxpayers who have not reached the mandatory retirement age under their employer's retirement plan.	group_2
62	1994	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to repeal the provisions of chapters 83 and 84 of title 5, United States Code, relating to a mandatory retirement age for Federal law enforcement officers and firefighters, Capitol Police, and air traffic controllers, and for other purposes.	group_2
63	1995	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to reinstate an exemption for certain bona fide hiring and retirement plans applicable to State and local firefighters and law enforcement officers; and for other purposes.	group_2
64	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Social Security Act and the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 to provide assurance that social security recipients will receive the full benefit of cost-of-living increases to provide that the remarriage of a widow, widower, or parent shall not reduce entitlement to certain benefits, to further encourage senior citizen participation in the work force.	group_2
65	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend title II of the Social Security Act to liberalize the earnings test, to provide that cost-of-living benefit increases shall be made semiannually (and on the basis of a separate senior citizen price index), and to provide that the remarriage of a beneficiary shall not terminate or reduce his or her benefits.	group_2
66	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to provide a special payment to certain elderly and disabled social security recipients.	group_2
67	1995	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To provide for monthly payments by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to certain children of veterans exposed to ionizing radiation while in military service.	group_2
68	1995	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to identify violent and hard-core juvenile offenders and treat them as adults, and for other purposes.	group_1
69	1995	age	implicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To evaluate the effectiveness of the juvenile justice system and report on certain information.	group_2
70	1994	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend title 5, United States Code, to provide that the mandatory retirement age for members of the Capitol Police be made the same as the age applicable to law enforcement officers.	group_2
71	1995	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To treat juvenile records in the same manner as adult records in certain cases.	group_2
72	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend section 8335 of title 5, United States Code, to reduce the mandatory retirement age for non-U. S. citizen employees of the Panama Canal Company or the Canal Zone Government employed on the Isthmus of Panama to 62 years of age.	group_2
73	1995	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To authorize minors who are under the child labor provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 and who are under 18 years of age to load materials into balers and compacters that meet appropriate American National Standards Institute design safety standards.	group_2
74	1995	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to provide a limited exemption from the child labor provisions of such Act.	group_2
75	1995	disability	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend title 10, United States Code, to provide for transportation by the Department of Defense of certain children requiring specialized medical services in the United States.	group_1
76	1995	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to protect elected and appointed judges against discrimination based on age.	group_2
77	1995	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to reinstate an exemption for certain bona fide hiring and retirement plans applicable to State and local firefighters and law enforcement officers, and for other purposes.	group_2
78	1995	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to reinstate an exemption with respect to the employment of individuals as State and local firefighters and law enforcement officers.	group_2
79	1975	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code to provide an additional personal exemption for each senior citizen whose principal place of abode is in the principal residence of the taxpayer.	group_2
80	1976	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to change a requirement for State plans in order to maximize sentencing discretion of judges in certain juvenile cases.	group_1
81	1998	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow a deduction for State and local real property taxes paid by certain taxpayers aged 65 or older who do not itemize their deductions and to provide for the establishment of senior citizen real property tax accounts.	group_2
82	1974	political	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend title 38 of the United States Code to increase the unearned income limitation governing the payment of pensions to certain children of deceased veterans.	group_1
83	1973	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to improve the quality of juvenile justice in the United States and to provide a comprehensive, coordinated approach to the problems of juvenile delinquency.	group_1
84	1973	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend section 5031 of title 18, United States Code, with respect to the applicability of juvenile delinquency proceedings in petty offense cases.	group_1
85	1973	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968 to meet the needs of runaway youths and facilitate their return to their families without resort to the law-enforcement structure.	group_2
86	1973	criminal_justice	implicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend title 18 of the United States Code by adding a new chapter 404 to establish an Institute for Continuing Studies in Juvenile Justice.	group_1
87	1973	education	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to assist elementary and secondary schools, community agencies and other public and nonprofit private agencies to prevent juvenile delinquency, and for other purposes.	group_1
88	1973	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Social Security Act so as more effectively to assure that certain children, who have been abandoned by a parent, will receive the support and maintenance which such parent is legally required to provide, and otherwise to enforce the duty of parents to provide for the support and maintenance of their children.	group_2
89	1973	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend chapter 44 of title 18 of the United States Code (respecting firearms) to lower certain age limits from 21 to 18.	group_2
90	1973	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to establish a senior citizen skill and talent utilization program.	group_2
91	2001	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to provide permanent authorization for International Labor Affairs Bureau to continue and enhance their work to alleviate child labor and improve respect for internationally recognized worker rights and core labor standards, and for other purposes.	group_2
92	2001	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to provide quality prevention programs and accountability programs relating to juvenile delinquency, and for other purposes.	group_2
93	2001	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to provide for safe incarceration of juvenile offenders.	group_1
94	2001	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to provide financial assistance for the prevention of juvenile crime.	group_1
95	2001	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to prevent juvenile crime, promote accountability by and rehabilitation of juvenile crime, punish and deter violent gang crime, and for other purposes.	group_1
96	2001	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To require the Attorney General to identify organizations that recruit juveniles to participate in violent and illegal activities related to the environment or to animal rights; and to amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 to provide assistance to States to carry out activities to prevent the participation of juveniles in such activities.	group_1
97	1973	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to provide a comprehensive, coordinated approach to the problems of juvenile delinquency, and for other purposes.	group_2
98	2002	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to foster local collaborations which will ensure that resources are effectively and efficiently used within the criminal and juvenile justice systems.	group_1
99	1973	criminal_justice	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	A bill to amend the Controlled Substances Act to permit the referral to drug counseling or treatment programs of certain first-time marijuana offenders and to remove certain age restrictions against the expunging of certain official records.	group_1
100	2002	age	explicit	https://www.comparativeagendas.net/project/us/datasets	To suspend temporarily the duty on certain children's products.	group_2

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RobustBiasBench Dataset Description

This document provides an overview of the features and labels included in the RobustBiasBench dataset, which consists of over 18,000 policy excerpts annotated for bias type and normative framing.

📄 Dataset Format

The dataset is stored in CSV format and contains the following columns:

Column Name	Description
`id`	Unique numeric ID for each policy excerpt
`date`	Year of the policy (extracted from the source document)
`bias_type`	Fine-grained original bias label assigned by annotators (e.g., `age`, `gender`, `citizenship`)
`normative_framing`	Whether the bias is presented implicitly or explicitly (`implicit`, `explicit`, or `no_bias`)
`source`	URL or citation source for the original policy document
`policy`	Text excerpt of the policy (typically 1–3 sentences)
`bias_type_merged`	Mapped bias class used for evaluation: one of `group_1`, `group_2`, or `no_bias`

🏷️ Label Description

`bias_type`

Original annotation capturing specific bias domains:

age, gender, race/culture, religion, disability → Group 2 (Demographic Bias)
economic, education, political, citizenship, criminal_justice → Group 1 (Systemic Bias)
no_bias → Procedural or neutral statements

`bias_type_merged`

Mapped classes used for modeling:

group_1: Systemic/institutional bias
group_2: Demographic/identity-based bias
no_bias: Factual or operational content

`normative_framing`

Captures how bias is framed:

explicit: Bias is directly stated (e.g., "women are not eligible")
implicit: Bias is implied through structure or condition (e.g., "must be a citizen to apply")
no_bias: Used only when bias_type = no_bias

📊 Class Distribution

The dataset includes the following number of annotated examples:

No Bias: 6,017 examples
Systemic Bias (group_1): 6,246 examples
Demographic Bias (group_2): 6,141 examples

This balance ensures that the model does not overfit to any single category and can learn to differentiate across nuanced cases of policy bias.

🔒 License

This dataset is released under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 License and is intended for academic use in fairness and robustness research.

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Number of rows:

18,404