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The modern oil industry began in Romania in 1857 when a refining process known as shale oil was developed by a Wallachian engineer named Petrache Poenaru. Prior to the 18th century, wooden drills were the main method for producing oil.

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Petrache Poenaru developed the refining process of shale oil in 1857 which marked the beginning of the modern oil industry. Previously, wooden drills were used to produce oil.