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Guest Author - Stephanie K. Ferguson What is a hate crime? A hate crime is a crime committed against a person or property which is motivated by an individualís dislike of a race, religion, ethnic/national origin, group, or sexual orientation. Hate crimes as also know as bias crimes. The term entered our nationís common vocabulary in the 1980s when various groups in the US began waves of bias-related crimes. What does hate crime look like? Hate crimes encompass many actions/behaviors such as: ~ physical or verbal assault ~ ritualistic abuse; and/or ~ sex crimes. Groups of people or individuals who hold specific often stereotypic beliefs often look for action by preying on others. The crimes they commit are typically directed at someoneís race, religion, group, ethnic/national origin, or sexual orientation. They often target public buildings or property. Hate crime statistics According to the FBI, in 2006 over 7,700 incidents were reported to be motivated by religious, race/ethnic, sexual orientation, or physic

Online English Dictionary and Vocabulary Builder 1. [s] containing salt; "a saline solution"; "salty tears" 2. [s] engagingly stimulating or provocative; "a piquant wit"; "salty language" 3. [s] one of the four basic taste sensations; like the taste of sea water 1. [a] salt 2. [a] stimulating 3. [a] tasteful Look up words in the English4Today Online Dictionary and then add them to your personal dictionary (myVocab). Turn your word lists into tests for yourself, your friends or your students ... add a translation ... make vocabulary sets and flash cards. All you need to start your own personal dictionary web is a free English4Today membership. Do you know the meaning of ... Random Members' Question Judy in Hong Kong "Which sentence is correct, 1 or 2? 1) Peter is one of naughty boys who create problems in class. 2) Peter is one of the naughty boys who creates problems in class. 3) Peter, one of the naughty boys, creates problems in class." English grammar software checks your grammar and spelling, and gives fe

Attachment Behaviors and Health As the medical community tries to find ways to help patients become more independent in managing their health issues, researchers have discover how emotional development as children may affect how one copes with adverse events, like illness, as an adult. This article reviews research that investigated the relationship between attachment styles and how this may affect how people react to stressors such as illness or pain. Attachment behaviors are developed during infancy, as babies depend on those around them. A child may become very attached or clingy, or distance himself from his caregiver if, for example, his needs aren't being met when he is hungry or hurt. The attachment behaviors developed during early childhood generally follow through adulthood. Two negative attachment styles are attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance. Both of these are seen as extremes, with attachment anxiety causing excess worry and dependence on others, and attachment avoidance causing a uneasin

TIMOTHY ACKER AND DRAKE BRANNON PERFORM WATER QUALITY TESTS. Students in James Galvin’s Agriculture classes are getting hands on education in Fresh Water Shrimp production. Yes, that’s right fresh water shrimp. The students are involved with the production with five hundred fresh water shrimp. The shrimp that the students are working with are close relatives of the shrimp that swim in the ocean, but these shrimp live in a fresh water environment. ACHS students are raising their shrimp in a closed recycling tank system. When working with this type of system students are taught that water quality is critical. Each day students must test the water for oxygen content, pH, ammonia, nitrate and nitrite levels. The students have discovered that the temperature of the water must be maintained at 80 degrees. Students learned that when the water temperature falls below 75 degrees that the shrimp will live, but will not consume feed and grow. Students working with the shrimp can clearly see and understand how chemistry,

Stories about drunken drivers walking away from traffic accidents are not mere apocrypha. They show up in our Verdict & Settlement Reports. Turns out, science may back up the notion that God protects drunks and fools. Alcohol intoxication – even at a low level – cushions the blow for a person suffering a traumatic injury, according to a new study reported from the University of Illinois. Injury epidemiologist Lee Friedman analyzed Illinois Trauma Registry data for 190,612 patients treated at trauma centers between 1995 and 2009 who were tested for blood alcohol content. Their BAC ranged from 0 to 0.5 percent at the time they were admitted to the trauma unit, and the patients suffered injuries from a variety of sources. Alcohol benefited patients across the range of injuries, including fractures, internal injuries and open wounds, with burns being the only exception. One popular science website interpreted the results to mean that, “not only does an appreciable blood alcohol level seem to increase a trauma vic

Pakistan Child Measles Deaths Surge in 2012 Measles cases surged in Pakistan in 2012, and hundreds of children died from the disease, an international health body said Tuesday. In recent days Pakistani officials said they launched an immunization campaign to reach children in the worst-hit areas. But the country still struggles with a beleaguered health care system, unsanitary conditions in many regions and a lack of education about how to prevent disease. All those factors make it difficult to combat infectious diseases such as measles and polio. Also, many oppose vaccinations, suspecting they are meant to harm their people. A spokeswoman for the World Health Organization, Maryam Yunus, said that 306 children died in Pakistan of measles in 2012, compared to 64 the year before. She said the jump was most pronounced in southern Sindh province, where measles killed 210 children in 2012. She said 28 children died there in 2011. The World Health Organization did not give a reason for the increase in deaths, but a

out today's CSM Daily News for articles on scoliosis treatment and managing triathletes, a photo of outgoing component presidents, a list of exhibitors, product news, and more. at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have identified proteins that allow muscle cells in mice to form from the fusion of the early stage cells that give rise to the muscle cells. The findings have implications for understanding how to repair and rehabilitate muscle tissue and to understanding other processes involving cell fusion, such as when a sperm fertilizes an egg, when viruses infect cells, or when specialized cells called osteoclasts dissolve and assimilate bone tissue in order to repair and maintain bones. The findings were published online January 7 in the Journal of "Through a process that starts with these progenitor cells, the body forms tissue that accounts for about one-third of its total weight," said the study's senior author, Leonid V. Chernomordik, PhD. "Our study provides the first look at the very early stages

The Jack County Museum is an extremely old structure. The extra thick walls may be viewed inside where they extend beyond later additions to the house. There are 7 rooms with 4 being the original structure. Native stone chimneys constructed for the fireplaces in the front rooms are still standing and one fireplace is intact. The once wooden porch has been replaced with concrete and the wooden tapered porch post replaced with metal filigree. The 4-H Club This house witnessed the birth of the "Corn Club" in Texas, later known as the 4-H Club, in 1907 when Tom M. Marks was the resident. Tom was a talented, educated man of many occupations; school teacher, superintendent, public entertainer, construction engineer for the railroad, farmer, editor of The Jacksboro News and special county agent for Jack County. While serving as special county agent, he felt there was a great need for new developments in farming methods. After failing to convince the local farmers of new changes, he turned to the youth of the area an

When thinking about types of stress there are two perspectives to consider (besides whether it is the "good stress" or the "bad stress" of course). You were probably searching for information about psychological stress, and may be interested in some quick stress relief tips. But it might help to understand what psychological stress is if we understand the stress that physicists talk about. In Physics, stress is a reaction to an external force. Too much stress, and an object breaks or changes form. That said, this page talks about types of psychological stress from here on out. We can talk about psychological stress according to whether it is "good" or "bad." Or, we can talk about stress according to its time line. I explain both ways of talking about stress below. In psychological perspective, there is "good" stress and "bad" stress. Eustress (pronounced YOU- stress) can be fun, exciting and energizing, especially in the short-term. Face a sudden danger and resolve the situation safely, and you'll get pumpted

As is often the case in the winter, a thick river of haze hovered over the Indo-Gangetic Plain in January 2013, casting a gray pall over northern India and Bangladesh. On January 11, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Aqua satellite captured this image of haze hugging the Himalayas and spilling out into the Ganges delta and Bengal Sea. The haze likely resulted from a combination of urban and industrial pollution, agricultural fires, and a regional meteorological phenomenon known as a temperature inversion. Usually the air higher in the atmosphere is cooler than the air near the surface, a situation that allows warm air to rise and disperse pollutants. However, cold air often settles over northern India in the winter, trapping warmer air—and pollution—close to the surface, where it has the greatest impact on human health. Air quality has emerged as a significant problem for India and Bangladesh in the past decade. A study conducted by Tel Aviv University researchers and publish

Sherwood Larned Washburn, the father of modern primatology who first glimpsed the evolution of human behavior in the actions of monkeys and apes, died Sunday from pneumonia at Alta Bates Medical Center. He was 88. A professor of anthropology at UC Berkeley from 1958 to his retirement in 1978 and one of a small number of faculty members appointed as “University Professor” for the nine-campus system, Washburn virtually established the field of primatology in the 1950s following his studies on baboon colonies in Kenya. For the next two decades, his theories dominated interpretations of human social evolution and his teachings inspired several generations of students. “Sherry Washburn established at UC Berkeley the most influential program of the century for the study of primatology, of fossil man, and the biological and cultural evolution of humanity,” UC Berkeley professor of anthropology J. Desmond Clark said in a statement. “Those who were his friends and those who continue his work will forever be in his deb

Character Counts! in Jacksonville is working to bring character and and awareness to our community. We create a shared language by educating on the Six Pillars of character: Trustworthiness, Respect, Responsibility, Fairness, Caring & Citizenship. Trustworthiness. Respect. Responsibility. Fairness. Caring. Citizenship. The Six Pillars of Character are ethical values to guide our choices. The standards of conduct that arise out of those values constitute the ground rules of ethics, and therefore of ethical decision-making. There is nothing sacrosanct about the number six. We might reasonably have eight or 10, or more. But most universal virtues fold easily into these six. The number is not unwieldy and the Six Pillars of Character can provide a common lexicon. Why is a common lexicon necessary? So that people can see what unites our diverse and fractured society. So we can communicate more easily about core values. So we can understand ethical decisions better, our own and those of others. The Six Pillars act

Learn about current Open Studies Clinical Trials and Medical Progress How do advances in treatment for serious diseases come about? Clinical trials - tightly controlled studies of the effectiveness of new treatments - are the engine that drives medical progress. New therapies cannot be approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in the general public until they undergo rigorous and careful testing in clinical trials. Ultimately, it is through clinical trials that a cure for genetic and neurodevelopmental disorders disorders will be found. Patients who participate in clinical trials play an important role in finding a cure. Patients need to obtain as much information as possible about clinical trials. Patients are told about all known side effects, risks, advantages and research data during "informed consent". Patients should also be informed about all other treatment options, as well as the outcomes of no treatment at all. Advantages to Participating in a Clinical Trial - Clinical trials, involving n

July 19, 2001 NASA PR: 01-146 The first unambiguous evidence for a giant halo of hot gas around a nearby, spiral galaxy much like our own Milky Way was found by astronomers using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory. This discovery may lead to a better understanding of our own Galaxy, as well the structure and evolution of galaxies in general. A team of astronomers, led by Professor Daniel Wang of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, observed NGC 4631, a spiral galaxy approximately 25 million light years from Earth with both Chandra and NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. While previous X-ray satellites have detected extended X-ray emission from this and other spiral galaxies, because of Chandra's exceptional resolution this is the first time that astronomers were able to separate the individual X-ray sources from the diffuse halo. Chandra found the diffuse halo of X-ray gas to be radiating at a temperature of almost 3 million degrees and extending some 25,000 light years from the galactic plane. "Scientists have

COMMON RISKS FOR SMARTPHONES We usually do a good job of protecting our computers, but what about smartphones? Careless use can open up users to a lot of risks. Take a moment to consider each of these areas: Loss of device and information theft. Smartphones are small and can easily be lost or stolen. Unauthorized users may access your accounts, address lists, photos, and more to scam, harm, or embarrass you or your friends. They may leverage stored passwords to access your bank and credit card accounts, steal your money, or make credit card charges. They may also gain access to sensitive material. Social engineering. A common mobile threat is social engineering. Whether via text message, image, or application (app) to download, an incoming communication may be an attempt to gain access to your information. A current example consists of a text message that comes from an unknown number telling you that if you click on the link provided, you will have access to thousands of free ringtones. If this sounds too goo

Moderator: Content Admins PinothyJ wrote:Some of those do not follow the usual haiku formula… The essence of haiku is "cutting" (kiru). This is often represented by the juxtaposition of two images or ideas and a kireji ("cutting word") between them, a kind of verbal punctuation mark which signals the moment of separation and colours the manner in which the juxtaposed elements are related. Modern Japanese gendai (現代) haiku are increasingly unlikely to follow the tradition of 17 on or to take nature as their subject, but the use of juxtaposition continues to be honoured in both traditional haiku and gendai. There is a common, although relatively recent, perception that the images juxtaposed must be directly observed everyday objects or occurrences. s haiku by Bashō illustrates that he was not always constrained to a 5-7-5 on pattern. It contains 18 on in the pattern 6-7-5. fuji no kaze ya ōgi ni nosete Edo miyage the wind of Mt. Fuji I've brought on my fan! a gift from Edo Users browsing this forum: No register

for National Geographic News Ancient maritime traders of the Mediterranean may have left behind a large genetic footprint in the region, where 1 in 17 men still harbors Phoenician DNA, according to a new study. The findings could fill a gap in the history of the Phoenician civilization, which originated two to three thousand years ago in the eastern Mediterranean—in what is now Lebanon and Syria—and included prominent traders, according to Chris Tyler-Smith, lead author and associate researcher at National Geographic Society's Genographic Project. (The National Geographic Society owns National Geographic News.) "By the time of the Romans they more or less disappeared from history, and little has been known about them since," Tyler-Smith added. "Our motivation was to really identify their genetic traces." (Related: "Who were the Phoenicians" in National Geographic magazine, October 2004.) The new research could also help scientists understand the genetic impact of other human migrations, such as military campa

A TEXTBOOK on scientific ethics that begins with a primer on inductive reasoning and ends with university guidelines for research conduct sounds dull, but David Goodstein has created an entertaining book studded with laugh-out-loud moments. After a careful explanation of what fraud is, and what it is not, he provides several case studies of both. The most interesting concerns cold fusion, which he shows to have been bad science - but not fraud, because there was no deceit. His second study is of high-temperature superconductivity, which was also not fraudulent, even though it violated established beliefs in physics and cannot be completely explained. Goodstein provides several examples of out-and-out deceit as well. The fascinating aspect to their stories is the epilogues: some convicted fraudsters disappear from science, but one has gone on to head a prestigious institute. Goodstein's candour and humour make this book a delight to read, and he's ... To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive acce

More than 46 million Americans lived in poverty last year, according to new census data released today. That’s the largest number of poor Americans since the government began collecting such data 52 years ago. U.S. real median household income also fell last year, to $49,445 — a 2.3 percent drop from 2009. The data shows that households in the Midwest, South and West all experienced declines in real median income, while income in the Northeast remained stable. On Point has gone beyond the statistics and looked at the very real consequences poverty. At the beginning of the recession in 2009, we talked with U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack and took a look at the staggering number of Americans living on food stamps. We also spoke that year with Barbara Ehrenreich about lives lived around the poverty line. And just yesterday, we spoke with author Paul Osterman about the realities of low-wage work.

Master of musical theory, and teacher of Hummel and Beethoven, b. at Klosterneuburg in Lower Austria, 3 February, 1736; d. in Vienna, 7 March 1809. He began his musical career as a choir-boy at the early age of seven. The pastor of St. Martin's, Klosterneuburg, observing the boy's talent and his remarkable industry, and being himself an excellent musician, gave him the first lessons in thoroughbass, and even had a little organ built for him. Young Albrechtsberger's ambition was so great that he did not even rest on Sundays and holidays. To complete his scientific and musical studies he repaired to the Benedictine Abbey at Melk. Here his beautiful soprano voice attracted the attention of the future Emperor Leopold, who on one occasion expressed his high appreciation and presented the boy with a ducat. The library at Melk gave him the opportunity to study the works of Caldara Fux, Pergolese, Handel, Graun etc. The result was the profound knowledge of music which gave him a high rank among theorists. Having comp

BIBLE MEDITATION: “Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he became king and reigned for eight years in Jerusalem. There were no tears shed when he died - it was good riddance! 2 Chronicles 21:20 (The Message Bible) DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: This text focuses on a King of Judah whose life meant so little to the people around him that no one mourned him when he died. The primary focus is on King Jehoram of Judah who was, by all definitions, a vicious man who killed his brothers when he became king. He was extremely cruel, insensitive, ruthless and murderous. He cared little for others and only about perpetuating himself. He is described as a king who walked in the way of the house of Ahab, that idolatrous bloody house; for he had the daughter of Ahab as a wife. After Jehoram became king he was attacked by many of the nation’s surrounding him and because of a lack of coalitions and friendships in the community of nations, was regularly invaded and he lost much of possessions and territories. The resources of the natio

December 14, 2008 Dutch designer Neils Smeltink's clever multifunctional bike design can adapt to the needs of children as they become older by easily transforming from a bicycle to a scooter or a walking bike. Younger children will love to use it as a walking bike or scooter while older children can use it as a real bike. The "Kid Balance" is great as a walking bike for younger children and will teach important motor skills such as balance, coordination and how to project themselves forward. Once they become confident, you simply add on a crank axle and you have a bicycle with pedals. The conversion from scooter is just as simple, you pull the handle and the scooter becomes a walking bike. See more of Smeltnick’s interesting designs here. Just enter your friends and your email address into the form below For multiple addresses, separate each with a comma

For 2 days, a 43-year-old woman has had a slightly tender rash on her trunk and extremities. Five days earlier, the patient was given levofloxacin(Drug information on levofloxacin) for an upper respiratory tract infection; because she is prone to yeast infections while taking antibiotics, fluconazole(Drug information on fluconazole) also was prescribed. Her only other medication is an oral contraceptive, which she has been taking for several years. What is the likely cause of this rash? A. A drug reaction to the levofloxacin. B. A drug reaction to the fluconazole. C. A drug reaction to the oral contraceptive. D. A reaction to the underlying respiratory tract infection. E. Urticaria caused by either the infection or the antibiotic. What action do you take? F. Perform a skin biopsy. G. Discontinue the levofloxacin. H. Discontinue the fluconazole. I. Discontinue the oral contraceptive. J. Prescribe an antibacterial agent that is not a fluoroquinolone. For 5 days, a 38-year-old man has been bothered by a slightly

IT'S FRIDAY evening, and you're about to head out of the city. But the traffic news tells you that there's a jam on your normal route. Is it worth taking an alternative? And how far out of your way do you need to go to avoid the snarl-up? If you lived in Duisburg in Germany, you need never wrestle with this kind of dilemma. Instead, you could plan your journey using an up-to- the-minute map of traffic flow for the entire city. These maps are constructed from data taken by vehicle detectors dispersed throughout the city's streets. But there is no way that the entire city could be staked out this way. Data recorded at a few key points provide the input to a real-time on-line computer simulation of the traffic flow, pegging the model to reality. This system, developed by Michael Schreckenberg and his colleagues at the University of Duisburg, ... To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.

In the wake of Syrian unrest, Israel's residents are scrambling to get their government-distributed gas masks. A month before the festival of Purim, Israeli children are learning to don another costume. In the wake of Israel's strike on Syrian chemical weapons convoys on Wednesday, January 30th, Israeli citizens in the north, closer to the Syrian border, went to get their gas masks.Officials from the Israel Postal Company said that over 4,000 masks had been given out Tuesday, up from 1,400 on the days before. The company also stated that in Jerusalem and Beersheba the numbers were especially high, up from less than 400 a day to over 1,000. That means almost three times the average number of citizens came to distribution centers across the country to receive their protective gear. As of now, more than 4,700,000 protective gear kits have been distributed countrywide. Children are especially vulnerable to toxins, and Israel has had to create special gas masks for children. The image in the post is the cover to t

Nailing Down the Exciton in LiF SEPTEMBER 17, 2008 Excitons are worth getting excited about. For one thing, they are a key element in the functioning of semiconductors and insulators, and understanding their structure and how they form and behave in different materials is vitally important to the development of new materials and technologies. For another, the true nature of a particular exciton has been the subject of controversy in the materials science community for 70 years. Now, experimenters using two x-ray beamlines at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory have settled the controversy, while setting the stage for research that could help improve materials used for alternative energy sources. An exciton is a fascinating thing: an electron bound to an electron hole, acting as a single entity. But their short lifespan makes them maddeningly elusive and hard to characterize. They come in two basic varieties: the Wannier exciton, which is large, with a fr

We’ve been to the moon. Mars is easy. But landing on Venus? That’s tough. - By Sam Kean - Air & Space magazine, September 2010 (Page 2 of 4) At an altitude of about nine miles, well below the cloud decks, SAGE finally begins to take pictures of the surface. So few photographs exist of Venus (all taken by the Venera landers) that every image of the surface will be precious. But aside from showing impressive volcanoes, the landscape shots might be pretty blasé. There are no vistas of lakes or forests, and the air will be hazy—a dreary low light like the fifth rainy morning in a row. The thick atmosphere absorbs high-frequency blue light, so the resulting colors, or rather color, of the surface will be both dull (a kind of rusty yellow) and intense (relentless, unbroken). At eight miles above the surface, according to JPL planetary scientist Suzanne Smrekar, the carbon dioxide in Venus’ atmosphere becomes so dense that it turns “supercritical.” Supercritical carbon dioxide is a gas-liquid mix that can eat throug

Hubbard lectures on Scientology's legacy in the field of learning and education. Instruction is an interesting subject. It's a very interesting subject, because we seem to be in the business of instruction. Now, you think of yourselves as auditors. Auditing techniques are a method of bringing people to know. Think it over. A great oddity here is that the common denominator of living appears to be learning. In Dianetics we had survival as a common denominator. In Scientology we discover, much to our embarrassment, that that's inevitable. So we have to find another excuse, and the best excuse we can find without looking too far or weighing our brains down too much is learning.1 The truth of the matter is there is there's an awful lot more (this is between us Scientologists) to livingness than learningness. We're not going to go into any of them We're just going to talk about learningness, and we're going to show how everything could be pulled in and by some slight adjustment, and maybe going around a few fast c

Optimize with a SATA RAID Storage Solution Range of capacities as low as $1250 per TB. Ideal if you currently rely on servers/disks/JBODs Every object in a Java program uses computing resources that are finite. Most obviously, all objects use some memory to store their images on the heap. (This is true even for objects that declare no instance variables. Each object image must include some kind of pointer to class data, and can include other implementation-dependent information as well.) But objects may also use other finite resources besides memory. For example, some objects may use resources such as file handles, graphics contexts, sockets, and so on. When you design an object, you must make sure it eventually releases any finite resources it uses so the system won't run out of those resources. Because Java is a garbage-collected language, releasing the memory associated with an object is easy. All you need to do is let go of all references to the object. Because you don't have to worry about explicitly fre

YoH (Youth on Health) groups were established within the Primary Care Trust to enable young people to have a say on health issues that mattered to them. Young people conducted research within local schools and came up with a number of proposals to improve the nutritional value of food. They also addressed issues of how lunch times were organised. Changes made included abolishing separate dinning for pupils with packed lunches so friends can sit together, healthy vending machines and the introduction of salad bars and water fountains. The EEFO programme seeks to address barriers which prohibit young people from accessing the services that they need. Young people trained to become young assessors i.e. mystery shoppers and went on to evaluate a sample of services offering sexual health provision. Feedback/recommendations from the young assessors have been incorporated into the new quality standards and these will improve access to and improve the service provided by sexual health services for young people. As pa

Popular upland birds that are found across the country include turkeys, pheasants, grouse, and quail. The term “upland” refers to where they are often found. The basic shape of upland birds is similar to chickens. They also have short rounded wings that are good for short flights and strong legs that are good for running. Most male upland birds have more colorful feathers than females. The female’s plain feathers help her provide camouflage cover for her nest.

Psoriasis is a chronic, recurring disease that causes one or more raised, red patches that have silvery scales and a distinct border between the patch and normal skin. The patches of psoriasis occur because of an abnormally high rate of growth of skin cells. The reason for the rapid cell growth is unknown, but a problem with the immune system is thought to play a role. The disorder often runs in families. Psoriasis is common and affects about 1 to 5% of the population worldwide. Light-skinned people are at greater risk, whereas blacks are less likely to get the disease. Psoriasis begins most often in people aged 10 to 40, although people in all age groups are susceptible. It usually starts as one or more small patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, back, or buttocks. The first patches may clear up after a few months or remain, sometimes growing together to form larger patches. Some people never have more than one or two small patches, and others have patches covering large areas of the body. Thick patches or pa

March 19, 2006 Three types of ripples in water ice were observed near Mt. Monadnock, New Hampshire on January 16, 2006. Ripples may be defined as a banded pattern of wavelike disturbances. They usually occur in fluids, but as seen here, they can occur in solids as well. Leftmost: ripples formed by wind action on a shallow puddle, subsequently frozen solid. Formation of ripples by wind passing over a water surface is a classic example of an emergent phenomenon: small disturbances in the surface self- stabilize into a banded pattern when a current of one fluid (wind) passes over the surface of another (water). What's interesting here is that the ripples persisted during the freezing process. Normally, wind ripples on water collapse and re-form with each gust of wind. Center: The pattern of horizontal bands seen here in a small iceflow have nothing to do with the shape of the underlying surfaces, nor were they formed by wind. Instead, the necessary current is supplied by meltwater passing over the surface of the

December 1956 | Volume 8, Issue 1 The story of Manjiro, the shipwrecked waif; of the kindly captain from Fairhaven; and of how Japan, hidden away from the world, learned strange news of other lands In 1841, before Commodore Perry had opened up Japan, before any Japanese had set foot in America, a fisherman’s boy was transported by a chance of history to Massachusetts. This is his story, condensed from a new book by Hisakazu Kaneko, published by Houghton Mifflin Co. Manjiro, The Man Who Discovered America is a true account, so strange and charming that it reads like a fairy tale. Manjiro was born in the tenth year of the Bunsei era (1827) in a lonely fishing village called Nakanohama, in the province of Tosa where the warm Black Current of the Pacific Ocean ceaselessly washes its craggy coast. His father Etsuke died when Manjiro was only nine years old and his widowed mother, Shio, with her lean hands had to feed her five ever-hungry children. So poor was she that she could not afford to send the children to a

Happy Columbus Day! It’s been over 500 years now since Christopher Columbus landed on American shores, “discovering” the New World and laying the groundwork for another October school holiday. Whichever side of the story you’re celebrating today, we wish you lots of happy family playtime! In the spirit of discovery, this week’s blog posts will focus on exploring emotions. We’ll look at some crafty and cool ways to open new lines of communication between parent and child, and talk about play-based fun that develops emotional awareness. Why is this important? By practicing the art of understanding and communicating feelings, kids become more adept at moderating those feelings—in other words, learning to stay calm, bounce back, and talk through problems in a productive way. And who wouldn’t cross an ocean for that? Ready to get started? Keep these top tips in mind as you play together this week: Don’t wait for “sad” (or “silly” or “scared”) to happen: Use the low- stress environment of playtime to talk about what

McCune Albright Syndrome National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc. It is possible that the main title of the report McCune Albright Syndrome is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report. - Albright Syndrome - Osteitis Fibrosa Disseminata - Polyostotic, Fibrous Dysplasia - Precocious Puberty with Polyostotic Fibrosis and Abnormal Pigmentation McCune-Albright Syndrome (MAS) is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by (1) replacement of normal bone tissue with areas of abnormal fibrous growth (fibrous dysplasia); (2) patches of abnormal skin pigmentation (i.e., areas of light-brown skin [cafe-au-lait spots] with jagged borders); abnormalities in the glands that regulate the body's rate of growth, its sexual development, and certain other metabolic functions (multiple endocrine dysfunction). Depending on the number and location of the skeletal abnormalities, mobility may be impaired, as well as vision and/

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition - adj. Given to complaining; peevish. - adj. Expressing a complaint or grievance; grumbling: a querulous voice; querulous comments. Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia - Complaining; habitually complaining; disposed to murmur or express dissatisfaction: as, a querulous man. - Expressing complaint; proceeding from a complaining habit: as, a querulous tone of voice. - Synonyms and See plaintive and petulant. GNU Webster's 1913 - adj. obsolete Given to quarreling; quarrelsome. - adj. Apt to find fault; habitually complaining; disposed to murmur. - adj. Expressing complaint; fretful; whining. - adj. habitually complaining - Late 15th century: From late Latin querulosus, from Latin querulus, from queri (to complain). (Wiktionary) - Middle English querulose, litigious, quarrelsome, from Old French querelos, from Late Latin querulōsus, querulous, from Latin querulus, from querī, to complain; see kwes- in Indo- European roots. (American Heritage® Dict

The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School tory becomes clearer as one explores outstanding teaching in other disciplines. As is the case in history, most people believe that they know what mathematics is about—computation. Most people are familiar with only the computational aspects of mathematics and so are likely to argue for its place in the school curriculum and for traditional methods of instructing children in computation. In contrast, mathematicians see computation as merely a tool in the real stuff of mathematics, which includes problem solving, and characterizing and understanding structure and patterns. The current debate concerning what students should learn in mathematics seems to set proponents of teaching computational skills against the advocates of fostering conceptual understanding an

In Jewish practice, Torah study often takes on a ritualized role similar to that of prayer. A specific place—the beit midrash, or "house of study"--is a designated room set aside in many Jewish communal buildings. Many Jews carve out set times during the day or week for Torah study. Torah study may begin with the recitation of a prayer thanking God for “commanding us to occupy ourselves with the words of Torah” and another asking God to enable us and our descendants to enjoy knowledge of God through the study of Torah. The Talmud even records specific prayers for entering and leaving a beit midrash. Jewish study focuses not on simple absorption of material, but on a dialogue among students and between students and text. This dialogical mode of study is exemplified by the standard page layout of many classical texts. Generally, the focus text--which may be Talmud, Bible, midrash, or a law code--stands at the center of the page and is surrounded by two or more levels of commentary: one or more commentaries on t

Target 1. Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 213. Refers to expenditure shares by percentiles of population. G - Global monitoring data. The figure is regularly produced by the designated agency for the global monitoring, based on country data. However, there is no corresponding figure at the country level, because the indicator is defined for international monitoring only (example: population below 1$ a day) Source: United Nations Statistics Division - Unless otherwise noted, information in this page is accurate as of February 15, 2007

Art (literature) is not a branch of pedagogy. The artist (in literature) appeals to that part of our being which is not dependent on wisdom; to that in us which is a gift and not an acquisition—and, therefore, more permanently enduring. He speaks to our capacity for delight and wonder, to the sense of mystery surrounding our lives; to our sense of pity, and beauty, and pain. It has taken me years of struggle, hard work and research to learn to make one simple gesture, and I know enough about the art of writing to realize that it would take as many years of concentrated effort to write one simple, beautiful sentence. Any man who will look into his heart and honestly write what he sees there, will find plenty of readers. If I were authorized to address any word directly to our novelists, I should say: Do not trouble yourself about standards or ideals, but try to be faithful and natural. Everything which I have created as a poet has had its origin in a frame of mind and a situation in life; I never wrote because

New Discovery Affirms RTB Model Predictions Even though I’m a budget-hotel kinda guy, occasionally I splurge and stay in a really nice place. It’s fun to get a chance to experience firsthand how the “other half” lives. A recent study of some of the microbes found in Lake Matano (Indonesia), the world’s eighth deepest lake, provides biologists and geologists a first- hand look at how the earliest life on Earth lived. This new insight provides more evidence for RTB’s origin-of-life model. RTB and Evolutionary Origin-of-Life Models One of the key points of difference between the RTB and evolutionary models centers on the timing of life’s first appearance on Earth. The RTB scientific creation model, based on Genesis 1:2 and Deuteronomy 32:9-12, predicts that life should appear early in Earth’s history and that the first life-forms should be inherently complex. Evolutionary origin-of-life models, on the other hand, require a long percolation time, perhaps up to one billion years, before life can emerge from a primo

WHEN people here speak of the Oregon Trail, the name of the route that brought thousands of settlers to the West nearly 150 years ago, chances are they are not nostalgically evoking history but advocating a vision of the future. In Oregon, as in dozens of other states, Americans are clamoring for places where they can go from place to place without the aid of anything motorized. A convergence of two fitness crazes - walking and biking - with the filling up of open spaces has brought about the emergence of the urban trail movement. Committed pedestrians are building walkways in old railroad beds and constructing paths from downtown areas to distant farmlands. It is not just recreation or souls in need of a solitary walk that are behind this burst of city trail-blazing; supporters of the movement say many of the transportation problems of big cities could be solved by bicycle commuters moving to work along the new trails. In Seattle, thousands of bike commuters use the Burke-Gilman Trail, a paved-over rail line

Bat on a Plane Causes Rabies Scare A government report, released today, reveals that in August of last year 53 people aboard a commercial flight from Madison to Atlanta were potentially exposed to the rabies virus by a stowaway bat. While it is not clear how exactly the bat got on the plane, shortly after takeoff it was spotted circling around the cabin. It was eventually trapped in the lavatory. When the plane returned to the airport maintenance crew members attempted to remove the bat. But the sneaky bat escaped and officials were unable to determine whether it was carrying the deadly virus. The bat was last seen exiting the airport through automatic doors. Researchers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say health officials should be prepared to deal with events like bats (and snakes?) on a plane, “Although a bat, or any wildlife, aboard a commercial airliner is unlikely, public health practitioners should be prepared to respond to potential exposures to rabies and other infectious agents, in

How much do scientists know about our solar system? Out of 8 planets, is ours really the only one to sustain life? How can meteorites tell us about other planets, and even how the solar system first began? Explore our universe with the help of the Museum, and discover the role the Museum plays in space exploration and research. As far as we know, there is only life on Earth. Will we ever discover otherwise? How much do we really know about our universe? Whether or not our solar system is the only planetary system in the universe has intrigued scientists and philosophers for hundreds of years. So is there any evidence for extrasolar planets? Meteorites vary in size from a fraction of a millimetre to bigger than a football pitch and they fall to Earth all the time. Explore the fascinating facts about meteorites including how to find, identify and study them. What and where is the asteroid belt? And what makes an asteroid shoot away from the belt and crash to Earth? Comets, with their long tails, appear like gho

Specialized Microscopy Techniques Modern microscopists and optical engineers have developed a wide spectrum of useful techniques designed to aid in contrast enhancement, provide better observation, and assist in the collection of photomicrographs and digital images of a wide variety of specimens. This section of the Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer describes many of these techniques in detail. Contrast in Optical Microscopy - With the assistance of Dr. Robert Hoffman, we review the problems of contrast enhancement with both amplitude and phase specimens and review techniques that have been developed to assist with specimen contrast. Darkfield Microscopy - Oblique illumination can be used to increase the visibility of specimens lacking in sufficient contrast that are difficult to observe with standard brightfield microscopy. This section discusses various aspects of the theory and practice of condenser design and other important concepts in both transmitted and reflected light darkfield microscopy. Diff

The meat industry has long been hailed as one of the most significant factors driving global warming — and this is in addition to being damaging to your health. However, Chinese scientists are looking to change all that, and they have cloned a genetically modified lamb that instead of producing the unhealthy fat commonly found in lambs, creates a healthy fat that contains high levels of the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish and nuts. The lamb called Peng Peng was created in a Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI) laboratory in Xinjiang, western China. There scientists introduced a gene from a roundworm into a donor cell taken from the ear of a small Chinese Merino sheep. Once implanted into an unfertilized egg, it was fertilized and the resultant embryo was implanted into the womb of a surrogate sheep. The scientists, led by Dr Yutao Du, of the BGI in Shenzhen, hope the breakthrough will reduce the emissions caused by livestock as well as producing a healthier alternative to organic lamb. “The gene was originally

|λ, k, Sometimes shortened to: conductivity a measure of the ability of a substance to conduct heat, determined by the rate of heat flow normally through an area in the substance divided by the area and by minus the component of the temperature gradient in the direction of flow: measured in watts per metre per kelvin| |the offspring of a zebra and a donkey.| |a gadget; dingus; thingumbob.| A measure of the ability of a material to transfer heat. Given two surfaces on either side of the material with a temperature difference between them, the thermal conductivity is the heat energy transferred per unit time and per unit surface area, divided by the temperature difference. It is measured in watts per degree Kelvin.

The Catskill Mountain House was a famous hotel near Palenville, New York in the Catskill Mountains overlooking the Hudson River Valley , built in 1824. In its prime, from the 1850s to the turn of the century, it was visited by three U.S. presidents (U.S. Grant , Chester A. Arthur and Theodore Roosevelt ) and the power elite of the day. The Mountain House's site, the "Pine Orchard," had long been famous for its panoramic views up and down the Hudson Valley and even beyond to the east. John Bartram and James Fenimore Cooper had both written about it in different contexts. Artists and writers had discovered the Catskills some time earlier. Shortly after it was constructed, the Mountain House and its surroundings became a favorite subject for Washington Irving and artists of the new Hudson River School , most notably Thomas Cole . Cooper advised his European audience, "If you want to see the sights of America, go to see Niagara Falls , Lake George and the Catskill Mountain House." The hotel was built in 1823 and

Necessity spurs innovation, as Vince Beiser’s recent piece on fossil fuels reminded us last week and Japan demonstrates that anew this week. The energy-poor nation has become the first to successfully tap the frozen natural gas, known as methane hydrate, scattered on the oceans’ seabed. Since it started seriously studying how to harvest methane hydrates almost two decades ago, Japan has been a leader in the field, as Bruce Dorminey, who wrote about hydrates for us a year ago exactly, explained. While the Japanese have been looking at hydrates in the permafrost of Canada, shale fracking has meant the economics of either land- or sea-based extraction haven’t made sense domestically in North America—so far. That was once true for Japan, too. As that country’s Ryo Minam of the Agency for Natural Resources told the Financial Times: “Ten years ago, everybody knew there was shale gas in the ground, but to extract it was too costly. Yet now it’s commercialized.” So, as Dorminey closed his primer on hydrates: Couple i

BRAKE FLUID FLUSH: First lets discuss what we're trying to achieve. Part of the regular service for the R1200R is a biennual (every 2 years) brake fluid FLUSH. A flush is different in some ways from a brake-fluid bleed, in that there should be no air introduced into the system when doing a "flush". Bleeding brakes is the process of getting any air trapped in the system (after opening the system for some repair) out. Flushing is getting old fluid out, and replacing it with new without getting air into the system. Why do we need to do this? Brake fluid is hygroscopic - ie - it absorbs and traps water. As the fluid ages, the fluid becomes contaminated more and more with absorbed moisture. The water is a bad thing in brake fluid. It has two undesirable properties: - It lowers the boiling point of the brake fluid. Fresh brake fluid has a boiling point of well over 400F - so even if your brakes get quite hot, the fluid doesn't turn to vapor. If it did turn to vapor - it's easily compressible and you'd have no brake

Check out any web hosting service and they will probably be providing a number of different applications and technologies, most likely based on Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). The most common of these technologies employed in this way are the components of the LAMP stack. LAMP stands for Linux, Apache, MySQL and the all-encompassing Perl, PHP and Python. Linux, as the operating system, obviously provides the basis for the hosting environment. Linux provides secure multi-user capabilities, making it ideal for supporting multiple clients each with their own multiple websites. There is also built-in support for shell accounts—allowing users to login directly to a shared server, and to configure and edit their websites. For communication and transfer of data, users can also make use of FTP, and for secure communication and file transfer Linux also support SSH. Apache is a straightforward web serving platform that, like Linux, provides a range of facilities that make it ideal in a multi-user and multi-websit

Reforming the Reformation A Description of Christ - Richard Sibbes (1577 - 1635) was a Puritan theologian, Cambridge academic, and much-loved author. View all resources by Richard Sibbes "Behold my servant, whom I have chosen; my beloved, in whom my soul is well pleased: I will put my Spirit upon him, and he shall shew judgement to the Gentiles. He shall not strive, nor cry; neither shall any man hear his voice in the streets," &c.—Matt. 12:18. The words are the accomplishment of a prophecy, taken out of Isaiah 52:1,2, as we may see by the former verse, 'that it might be fulfilled.' Now the occasion of bringing them in here in this verse, it is a charge that Christ gives, verse 16, that they should not reveal and make him known because of the miracles he did. He withdraws himself; he was desirous to be concealed, he would not allow himself to be seen over much, for he knew the rebellious disposition of the Jews, who were eager to change their government, and to make him king. Therefore, he laboured to conceal

Single transistor audio mixer. Many audio mixer circuits have been published here. But I think, this one is the simplest of them. This very simple audio mixer circuit uses only one transistor. The base emitter junction of the transistor is biased by the diodes D1 and D2.The signals to be mixed are directly coupled to the base of Q1.Each input lines are current limited by using a 33K resistor. With the used component values the collector current is around 1mA. Circuit diagram with Parts list. - The circuit can be assembled on a Vero board. - The circuit can be powered from 15V DC. - Gain of the individual channels can be adjusted by adding a 10K POT in series to the lines.

| Back to Contents Page | Home Energy Index | About Home Energy | | Home Energy Home Page | Back Issues of Home Energy | Home Energy Magazine Online September/October 1993 The Single-Family Study by Marilyn Brown and Linda Berry Marilyn Brown and Linda Berry are researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tennesee. Single-family retrofits by the Weatherization Assistance Program are more cost-effective in cold and moderate regions than in hot climates, but program improvements can balance the map. Since 1976, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has operated the Weatherization Assistance Program, the nation's largest energy conservation program (WAP). The aim is to increase energy efficiency in dwellings occupied by low-income households, reduce their energy consumption, lower their fuel bills, increase comfort in their homes, and safeguard their health. In 1990, DOE initiated a nationwide evaluation of the program with assistance from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (see The Reach of Low-Income W

Just a month after federal health officials said smallpox vaccines would be available to some 15,000 health and law enforcement employees, they now plan to increase that number to 500,000. This is in response to hospitals saying that a more widespread vaccination of their workers is needed as they're the first to respond to a situation should it arise. "I support their reasons to increase the number of vaccinations, however, right now, I don't know the potentials risks of the vaccines so the fact that more health care workers could be offered the vaccine is a good thing, but I think anyone who gets a vaccine should be educated and know what their risks are," Dr. Janet Eng, Emergency Room Physician. Right now, smallpox vaccines are only given to some military personnel and scientists who handle the virus, but federal health officials wanted that to be reconsidered after Sept. 11 and the threat of biological warfare. But still, the debate continues if the vaccination should be given nationwide. "It's not a ques

To steal ideas from one person, would be plagiarism, to steal ideas from many is called research... 15 November 2012 A BBC investigation has revealed the growing trade in essay writing services which offer to provide students with custom written work which they can simply add their name to and hand in to university and college tutors as their own work. Whilst these services claim to provide sample work for research purposes only an undercover journalist has found that students are encouraged to hand this work in as their own. These recent findings concur with research carried out by PlagiarismAdvice.org which also found that in many cases work provided is of poor quality and has more than likely been taken from a range of web sources without proper attribution. The widespread use of plagiarism detection software, such as Turnitin within universities means that students using these services are not only likely to be out of pocket financially, but are taking a huge risk with their academic careers. Most univers

What is High Performance Liquid Chromatography Testing? Do you use high performance liquid chromatography testing for your products? Do you want to learn more about this popular test method? High performance liquid chromatography , also known as HPLC is one form of liquid chromatography frequently used in analytical chemistry and biochemistry. This test method is used to separate components in a mixture by performing a variety of chemical interactions between the substances being analyzed and the chromatography column. HPLC instruments consist of a reservoir of mobile phase, a pump, an injector, a separation column and a detector. The chemist separates the various compounds by injecting an aliquot of the sample mixture onto the column. The various parts in the mixture will pass through the column at varying rates because of the differences in their partitioning behavior between the mobile liquid phase and the stationary phase. HPLC has been around since the early 1970s and is a very popular method of analysis

The Republican Party isn’t exactly known for its environmental activism. Reagan refused to take action on one of the biggest environmental issues of his era-acid rain-and systematically weakened the clout of the EPA. George H.W. Bush ended his term with a freeze on environmental regulations, and his son refused US support for the Kyoto Protocol. Yet rarely have Republicans been so overtly hostile to existing environmental protections as the current legislators in the 112th Congress. Since the most recent election, Republicans in the House of Representatives have led a series of unprovoked assaults on the EPA. The attack has been two-pronged, with one focus on the EPA’s budget and the other on its powers of regulation. The Republican’s budget proposal would slash the EPA’s budget by an unprecedented $30 billion—one third of the EPA’s budget, and the biggest cut to any other federal agency. It would also do away with the critical posts of the energy and climate advisor to the President and the State Department

Middle-class children: Squeaky wheels in training A study by Indiana University sociologist Jessica McCrory Calarco found that working-class and middle-class parents often take very deliberate -- but different -- approaches to helping their children with their school experiences. Working-class parents, she found, coached their children on how to avoid problems, often through finding a solution on their own and by being polite and deferential to authority figures. Middle-class parents, on the other hand, were more likely to encourage their kids to ask questions or ask for help. These self-advocacy skills taught by middle-class parents not only can help the children in school -- because these parents know that in educational settings teachers often expect and reward such behavior -- but they could help later in life in other institutional settings. "Youth who do not learn to advocate for themselves might have more difficulty interacting with social service providers, financial service providers, legal authoriti

|Motivation behind DxOMark Score | DxOMark Score design| Here we detail the motivations behind the DxOMark Score and the rationale for its conception. A camera consists of many different components. Because so many factors related to all these components have to be taken into account, it can be difficult to choose between models. To make it easier for photographers to choose, we wanted to design an objective numerical quantity to globally represent the average image quality a given camera can achieve. To fully embrace the complexity of the camera, however, it is necessary to go back and forth between several levels of detail for different parts of the system, analogous to looking at something under a microscope. When looking inside a camera, for example, the data in lens with camera and in camera sensor reveal many details about their respective target components. Taken together, they provide a more global view of the camera’s image quality performance. The idea of DxOMark Score is to quantify the amount of i

Following the Butterflies through Words and Rhythm While on tour in Mexico, Mister G talks about how his bilingual song, “Señorita Mariposa” was inspired by the famous migration of the Monarch Butterfly to the state of Michoacan. He emphasizes how close observation of nature can become the jumping off point for new songs. Before performing “Señorita Mariposa,” Mister G demonstrates the traditional Afro-Cuban rhythm known as clave. Mister G’s song “Senorita Mariposa” was inspired by the famous migration of the Monarch butterflies each winter to the Sierra Madre Mountains of Mexico. Like Mister G, the butterflies can’t stand freezing weather and so they fly south to a warmer climate. The butterflies return to the exact same tree every year, but they are increasingly in danger as developers cut down the forest in order for human development. To help protect the Monarch butterfly habitat, visit www.michoacanmonarchs.org. “Senorita Mariposa” is a bilingual song, meaning that some of the lyrics are in Spanish and s

Daily Planet's Ingram discusses prion disease 0 Discovery Channel's Daily Planet co-host Jay Ingram visits Grande Prairie today to offer behind-the-scenes details of a mysterious and contagious series of diseases. The lecture takes place at the Grande Prairie Regional College at 7 p.m., where Ingram discusses fatal prion diseases. "Here at this very microscopic level, strange things are happening and just now we are beginning to figure out what they are," he said. The most well- known form of a prion disease is bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), widely known as the mad cow disease. Prion diseases spread when malformed proteins attach themselves to healthy tissue. Unlike other infectious ailments, they are incurable. "It is a protein that has gone wrong," said Stefanie Czub, a scientist with the University of Calgary and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency who will be present at the lecture. "For other infectious diseases we have a cure or the body heals itself quite efficiently.prion diseases, once infect

This question really boils down to a more general one: What degree of photometric precision can be achieved by a smartphone camera? To put this question in context, let me give a brief explanation of what is fundamentally different about a scientific image sensor versus a consumer grade sensor. As you would expect, a scientific CCD will usually have much higher quality than a consumer grade CCD. In this context, "quality" is quantified by dozens of characteristics of the CCD, such as the uniformity of the sensitivity of each pixel, dark current, defective pixel count, photoelectron well depth, electron lag, spectral response, bleed and saturation, etc. The superior performance of a scientific CCD is, of course, helpful in making a good measurement; but the really critical distinction of a scientific CCD is that each and every property of the CCD will be measured and tested before the CCD is ever put into use. In fact, when purchasing a scientific CCD one receives many pages of documentation detailing each cha

Severe, aching eye pain is often a sign of a more serious condition, such as a buildup of pressure inside the eyeball (glaucoma) or inflammation of the colored part of the eye (iritis). Call your doctor immediately to arrange for care that will prevent the condition from becoming worse and possibly causing blindness. Some minor eye irritation is common with minor eye infections, such as pinkeye (conjunctivitis). Allergies or dryness in the eye may cause your eyes to feel sandy or scratchy. When you have a viral illness that causes fever, such as influenza, it may hurt to move your eyes (such as when you look to the side without turning your head). This pain usually goes away as the illness improves. A scratch on the cornea from an object in the eye, a fingernail, or a contact lens can be very painful. If you wear contact lenses, pain may be a sign of an ulcerated cornea or other serious problem. Remove your lenses. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light or reflected glare (such as skiing without goggles or weldin

Shots - Health Blog Thu December 15, 2011 Biomedical Research Using Chimps Should Be Curtailed Updated 1:30 p.m.: The National Institutes of Health accepts the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine report on chimpanzee research, NIH Director Dr. Francis Collins said in a statement. "We will not issue any new awards for research involving chimpanzees until processes for implementing the recommendations are in place," he said. Most of the biomedical research currently being done on chimpanzees is unnecessary and the need for chimps in medical studies will soon decline even further, according to a highly- anticipated new report from an independent panel of experts. The report says that the National Institutes of Health should only allow experiments on chimps if a new set of strict criteria are met, and recommends setting up an independent oversight committee that includes members of the public. "The bottom line is, the necessity of chimpanzees is diminishing. We were able to only identify two areas of biom

Secession: A Specifically American Principle [Part 1 of "The Secession Tradition in America," a paper presented at the 1995 Mises Institute conference, "Secession, State, and Economy."] The United Nations Charter asserts the self-determination of peoples as a fundamental human right. From this, there has developed a lively debate among international jurists about whether the right of self-determination includes a right of legitimate secession. But while the concept of legitimate secession is being explored in the world at large, it forms no part of contemporary American political discourse. There was a time, however, when talk about secession was a part of American politics. Indeed, the very concept of secession and self- determination of peoples, in the form being discussed today, is largely an American invention. It is no exaggeration to say that the unique contribution of the eighteenth-century American Enlightenment to political thought is not federalism but the principle that a people, under certain cond

July 28, 2011 Children and adolescents who use mobile phones are not at a statistically significant increased risk of brain cancer compared to their peers who do not use mobile phones, according to a study published July 27 in the Journal of The National Cancer Institute. Mobile phone usage has increased among children and adolescents in recent years. The increased usage has raised a concern about the possibility of the development of brain tumors in this population since children have a developing nervous system; also, because their head circumference is smaller, the radio frequency electromagnetic fields may penetrate regions that are deeper in their brains. However, no previous study has examined whether mobile phone usage among children and adolescents is associated with a difference in brain tumor risk. To determine the relationship between mobile phone usage and brain tumor risk among children and adolescents, Martin Röösli, Ph.D, of the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute in Basel, Switzerland,

Photo: Ellen Morris Bishop Fossils of Metasequoia, commonly called “dawn redwoods” are abundant in Oregon’s fossil record particularly near the Painted Hills and the towns of Mitchell and Fossil. Past citizens of Oregon can be found in rocks throughout the state ranging in age from 10 thousand to hundreds of millions of years old. Marine fossils can be found along today’s coast or far inland, marking ancient coastlines. One of the world’s greatest records of life after the dinosaurs and before the Ice Age is found in the John Day Basin. Arid eastern Oregon is home to Ice Age fossils, records of a colder, wetter time. Keep your eyes open as you explore Oregon, you may just meet one of its past citizens! In this window, you can learn what is a fossil and how marine fossils are found not only along the coast, but also hundreds of miles inland! You can also see representations of the eight main communities of fossils from the John Day Fossil Beds-one of the best preserved and most complete records of life ranging

Science Fair Project Encyclopedia See the article about cancer for the main article about malignant tumors. Tumor (American English) or tumour (British English) originally means "swelling", and is sometimes still used with that meaning. Tumor meaning swelling is one of the five classical characteristics of inflammation. However, the term is now primarily used to denote abnormal growth of tissue. This growth can be either malignant or benign. Malignant tumors are called cancer. Cancer has the potential to invade and destroy neighboring tissues and create metastases. Benign tumors do not invade neighboring tissues and do not seed metastases, but may locally grow to great size. They usually do not return after surgical removal. Depending on tissue of origin, tumors may be: - Tumors of epithelial origin. - squamous epithelium: squamous cell papilloma , squamous cell carcinoma - transitional epithelium: transitional cell papilloma , transitional cell carcinoma - basal cell (only in skin): basal cell carcinoma - gl

This picture shows Pluto (left) and its big moon Charon (right). Notice how big Charon is compared to Pluto. Notice how close Charon is to Pluto. This picture was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1994. Click on image for full size Image courtesy Dr. R. Albrecht (ESA/ESO Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility) and NASA. The Moons of Pluto moons. One of the moons is very large. The large moon is named Charon. The other two moons are fairly small. They don't really have names yet. For now they are called S/2005 P1 and S/2005 P2. Charon is nearly as big as Pluto. Some astronomers call Pluto and Charon a double planet. James Christy discovered Charon in 1978. S/2005 P1 and S/2005 P2 were discovered in 2005. A team of astronomers led by Alan Stern and Harold Weaver found the moons. The team was looking for new moons of Pluto using the Hubble Space Telescope. They were getting ready for the New Horizons space mission to Pluto. S/2005 P1 is about 150 km (93 miles) across. S/2005 P2 is even smaller, abou

(also Chechenia)Translate Chechnya | into French | into German | into Italian Definition of Chechnya - an autonomous republic in the Caucasus in SW Russia, on the border with Georgia; population 1,205,800 (est. 2009); capital, Grozny. The republic declared itself independent of Russia in 1991 and was invaded by Russian forces (1994). A peace treaty agreed the withdrawal of troops, but the Russians invaded again in 1999. Also called Chechen Republic.

Ear infections (Otitis externa) are much more common during the Wet Season and Build-up. Ears are a little like gardens which normally have a carefully cultivated and controlled population of bacteria and yeasts. But like a garden, the high humidity may cause abundant growth which can sometimes become unruly and out of control. Normal ear canals house many different types of bacteria and yeasts (fungi) and it is possible for any of these to grow out of control. This makes each individual ear infection quite variable, which can sometimes mean a challenging search for the most effective treatment. Ear infections may require laboratory tests to determine the bug or bugs causing the problem. Early treatment is the most successful. Once an ear infection has become well established it can be very difficult to get rid of. It is like a garden that has had lots of weeds gone to seed in it and ongoing intensive treatment may be necessary. Hairy ear canals and floppy ear flaps can trap wax, dirt and humid air in the ear

Nov. 21, 2012 For the first time, researchers tracking the behavior of emperor penguins near the sea have identified the importance of sea ice for the penguins' feeding habits. The research, published November 21 in the open access journal PLOS ONE by Shinichi Watanabe from Fukuyama University, Japan and colleagues, Japan describes emperor penguin foraging behavior through the birds' chick-rearing season. Unlike other species like Adelie penguins, emperor penguins spent much more time diving for food, and only used about 30% of their time at sea to take short breaks to rest on sea ice. The birds did not travel for long distances on the ice, or use it for other activities. The study also suggests that these short rest periods on sea ice may help the penguins avoid predators such as leopard seals. Though sea ice conditions are known to affect penguin populations, the relationship between ice levels and penguins' foraging has been unclear because of the difficulties of tracking the birds at sea. Watanabe says, "

The Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA), known at that time as "County Transit," was on its way towards the goal of building a mass transit system that would serve the ever- growing urbanized area, becoming an alternative to the automobile and a driver of economic development. It began with the federal government supporting that vision with a $2-million grant in 1982 to fund preliminary engineering of the first phase. Construction of the line officially commenced with the light-rail maintenance facility. The Guadalupe Light Rail Division, located in downtown San Jose on Younger Street, was completed in 1986 and is used to store, clean and repair light- rail vehicles. The second phase of construction and first segment of in-street track installation began in 1985. Although the initial tracks only spanned 1.5 miles, they were essential for testing the light-rail vehicles as they were delivered. Today, Santa Clara VTA's light-rail service spans 42.2 miles and 62 stations, connecting with Santa Clara

Richard H. Thaler University of Chicago - Booth School of Business; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Cass R. Sunstein Harvard Law School John P. Balz University of Chicago - Political Science Department April 2, 2010 Decision makers do not make choices in a vacuum. They make them in an environment where many features, noticed and unnoticed, can influence their decisions. The person who creates that environment is, in our terminology, a choice architect. In this paper we analyze some of the tools that are available to choice architects. Our goal is to show how choice architecture can be used to help nudge people to make better choices (as judged by themselves) without forcing certain outcomes upon anyone, a philosophy we call libertarian paternalism. The tools we highlight are: defaults, expecting error, understanding mappings, giving feedback, structuring complex choices, and creating incentives. Number of Pages in PDF File: 17 Keywords: Behavioral Economics, Public Policy, Nudge, Psychologyworking

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - News Room > Special Reports > Archive Mid Learning Years Preliminary Recommendations of the Middle Learning Years Task Force National and state testing data reveal a disturbing trend of stagnating middle school performance. Maryland School Performance Assessment Program data illustrates the lack of growth in eighth-grade student performance as compared to third- and fifth-grade student performance. Results from the Third International Math and Science Study (TIMMS) show that while U.S. fourth-grade students scored above the international average for five of the six topics measured, eighth-graders scored below average. Co- author of the TIMMS report William Schmidt alludes to middle schools as an educational “wasteland.” State Superintendent of Schools Nancy S. Grasmick charged the Middle Learning Years Task Force with the investigation and elimination of this declining performance phenomena. The task force members comprise an impressive body of extensive practical ex

A long time ago, and far away, the U.S. invaded and occupied the Philippines. There are parallels to recent U.S. military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq, down to torturing the enemy. Journalist Gregg Jones has written Honor in the Dust: Theodore Roosevelt, War in the Philippines, and the Rise and Fall of America’s Imperial Dream, in part, to remind us that those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it. Battleland conducted an e-mail chat with him earlier this week: What is the most surprising thing you learned in researching and writing Honor in the Dust? There were so many surprises, which made this project a wonderful voyage of discovery for me. But here are two of the biggest: — I knew that Theodore Roosevelt was central to my story when I began my research, but I was astonished by the extent to which the Philippines dominated his thoughts from 1898–1903. Roosevelt wrote incessantly about the Philippines in his private letters and spoke about the islands in countless public speeches. He

By RON WINSLOW The report that a 2½-year- old Mississippi baby appears to be cured of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, has provoked intense interest, excitement and some skepticism among AIDS researchers and the community at large. The toddler's case, if confirmed in further research, could have important implications for treatment of more than 300,000 babies born with the virus each year—mostly in the developing world. The baby is the second person ever documented to be cured of the virus during the 32-year global AIDS epidemic. The first, a man named Timothy Brown and known as the Berlin patient, was cured as an adult as a result of a bone-marrow transplant he received to treat his leukemia. Here are answers to some questions raised by the report, which was disclosed Sunday and formally presented Monday at the annual Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Atlanta. Q. Beyond the report of the cure itself, what stands out about this case? A. Two important details are these: The baby was st

The activity is really simple. If the student is working on receptive skills, simply say the prompts on the game board and have the student point to/cover the box that identifies the correct object. If the student is working on expressive skills, ask the student an appropriate question like, "What is he doing?" or "What is this?" and wait for the student to answer. Use appropriate prompting if necessary. You can also use this activity to follow one-step directions! Take a look at the sample board below (verbs): What do you think? Quick and easy? That was the goal! I know this is a small freebie today, but I would love some feedback. If you like activities like this, let me know and I can create more! Download this for free here: Expanding Expressive and Receptive Language

In the process of Doing the Math as part of a journey towards crafting me own mobility, the progress became impeded by the void of simple tools to aid in seemingly simple calculations. Therefore I am resolved to fill that space as time allows with (hopefully) useful wizards and calculators. The first offering is called: The Archimedes-Winding Calculator Given a length and diameter of wire, this application will plot out an Archimedes Spiral and return the number of Turns and the resulting OD. Two additional parameters are optional: ID and AirGap between the windings. These can be remitted in mm, meters, inches, and feet. This Silverlight application executes from a webpage, or it can be installed onto your desktop; it lives in the "sandbox" and is quite benign. Please PM me if it misbehaves and I shall work up an FAQ Example of Use: If you know the flux density of the potential motor then it’s possible to calculated the length and size of the conductor required to achieve a particular output. If you kn

This famous temple to the god of healing and the sun was built towards the middle of the 5th century B.C. in the lonely heights of the Arcadian mountains. The temple, which has the oldest Corinthian capital yet found, combines the Archaic style and the serenity of the Doric style with some daring architectural features. Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae Isolated as it is in a conserved environment, the Temple of Bassae is an outstanding example of a Hellenic votive sanctuary in a rural setting. It represents a unique artistic achievement, remarkable for its archaic features (elongated surface, an exceptional proportion of 15 columns on the longer side and 6 columns on the facade, and a north-south exposure), and for its daring innovations (the use of Ionic and Corinthian orders for a Doric edifice, the variety of materials used, and the originality of the layout of the cella and the adyton). The Temple was dedicated by the inhabitants of Philagia to Apollo Epicurius, the god-healer who had come to their ai

From Math Images The Henon Attractor is a special kind of fractal that belongs in a group called Strange Attractors, a category of images that is very strange indeed. A characteristic of this strange function is that it drawn irregularly. If you iterate the functions that describe the Henon Attractor and plot the points of the functions for each iteration in a time sequence, you would observe that the points jump from one random location within the image to another. If you take a look at the animation, you can see the irregularity of the first 120,000 plotted points. Eventually, the individual points become so numerous that they appear to form lines and an image emerges. Also, this image is an iterated function, meaning that the equations that describe it can be applied to itself an infinite amount of times. In fact, if you magnify this image, you would find that the lines that appear to be single lines on the larger image are actually sets or bundles of lines, who, if magnified closer, are bundles of lines a

David Carpenter’s first attempt to produce syrup occurred at age 9. He tapped some trees on the family farm, built an arch for boiling and got to work. But he couldn’t control the heat in the sugar shack, so he convinced his mom to let him do the final finishing in her kitchen. The syrup came out great – but after 4 days of steam, the kitchen wallpaper peeled right off the wall. DOC’s is named for David Olin Carpenter, who was the 5th generation to own the Woodhull, NY farm where DOC’s Maple is now produced. Doc’s wife and children now run the business in his honor. How does syrup happen? Maple trees are identified, taps are set, and the family waits for the magical moment in early spring when sap begins to run. The sap moves through the lines and makes its way to the sugar shanty where it is boiled to make syrup. Hundreds of thousands of gallons of sap = thousands of gallons of syrup. A sweet gift from the trees, and above. Doc’s Maple is loved by many New York City chefs, including Marc Murphy of Landmarc a

Some of the excited engineers and staff on landing day. Click on image for full size Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA Headlines declare: Mars Pathfinder Lands on July 4th The Mars Pathfinder was launched in December 1996 on a Delta II rocket. The spacecraft entered the atmosphere on July 4th, 1997, where a heat shield, parachutes, and airbags helped it land. After impact the lander put out three solar panels for power. Later on, a camera will map its surroundings, and the Sojourner rover will search the surface of Mars for rocks. Long ago, water flowed on the plains of Mars. The rocky plain that Mars Pathfinder is landing on is thought to be a previous flood plain. Its name is Ares Vallis. The Sojourner rover will test rock and soil samples in this area. Mars Pathfinder will finish its surface mission in August 1997. The Mars Pathfinder is a NASA Discovery Mission. The Pathfinder program was developed in three years and costs under $280 million dollars. It is actually the first of NASA's Discovery Prog

- Join the NMRA - Renew Membership - About the NMRA Introduction To Model Railroading Welcome to the NMRA's "Introduction To Model Railroading" web pages. These web pages have been put together by the NMRA. to introduce people to model railroading. Our goal is to help those who are interested in building a model railroad but who have never done it before or to assist those who may have a simple track plan and now wants to learn more. Since these pages are designed for the novice, we go over the basics of model railroading, things like what scale means, and what trucks are. We also go over basic tool use. But don't worry! We realize that more than a few potential model- railroaders are not completely comfortable using tools so we'll make it simple. After the introduction, we'll build a model railroad. This won't be a simple "loop of track around the Christmas Tree", but the beginnings of a real, scale, model railroad. This model railroad would be something to set up permanently in your basement, rec-room, or ot

DefinitionBy Mayo Clinic staff Bone cancer is an uncommon cancer that begins in a bone. Bone cancer can begin in any bone in the body, but it most commonly affects the long bones that make up the arms and legs. Several types of bone cancer exist. Some types of bone cancer occur primarily in children, while others affect mostly adults. The term "bone cancer" doesn't include cancers that begin elsewhere in the body and spread (metastasize) to the bone. Instead, those cancers are named for where they began, such as breast cancer that has metastasized to the bone. Bone cancer also doesn't include blood cell cancers, such as multiple myeloma and leukemia, that begin in the bone marrow — the jelly-like material inside the bone where blood cells are made. - Gebhardt MC, et al. Sarcomas of bone. In: Abeloff MD, et al. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2008:1945. - Bone cancer. Fort Washington, Pa.: National Comprehensive Cancer Network. http://www.nccn.org/profess

How to use this Surface Water Record display: If red areas are showing, these are lands inundated by current or recent flooding (dates shown in the symbology key below). Light blue areas are water imaged by MODIS on a date chosen to represent average conditions. Darker blue or green-blue areas are lands inundated by previous mapped flood events. See symbology key for year of event. Compare red area to previous flood events to estimate current flood severity. Click for powerpoint of 2009-2010 results, in prep. Flooded areas earlier this year are shown in the appropriate color (green, for 2009). Click to see list of Rapid Response Inundation Maps Click on the white dots or circles to access records of estimated river discharge, 2002-present, at the River Watch measurement sites.

Student's Page - Middle School This valuable resource provides answers for students on education, careers, and more. This program is designed for high schools, community colleges and the general public. It features more than 1,100 pages of interactive programs and learning tools to help you understand and learn about the history, theory and use of taxes in the United States. Link & Learn Taxes If you want to learn how to prepare taxes and serve as a volunteer in the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance and the Tax Counseling for the Elderly programs, this online application is the place for you. Interesting IRS Facts The roots of the IRS go back to the Civil War when President Lincoln and Congress, in 1862, created the position of commissioner of Internal Revenue and enacted an income tax to pay war expenses. Follow the timeline to today’s IRS. Fun Activities! Get a head start with learning about taxes. Here are some activities you can do with your parents, some of your friends or a teacher. - Tax Maze Help the ta

This article was originally distributed via PRWeb. PRWeb, WorldNow and this Site make no warranties or representations in connection therewith. The Czech company Contipro developed a laboratory device for producing nanofibers that promises to revolutionize research into the use of nanomaterials. (PRWEB) January 16, 2013 New ambitious project has the potential to change the shape and direction of current research into nano- applications. Contipro’s laboratories have developed 4SPIN®, a device that removes many of the obstacles that have so far hindered advances in the broader application of nanofibers, especially low productivity and hence the high prices of nano- materials in comparison with conventional materials. Another limitation has been that, up to now, it has not been possible to create nanofibers from certain materials. “This can be demonstrated, for example, if we look at the use of nanofibers in medicine. The human body’s extracellular matrix includes hyaluronic acid, which would form an excellent bas

The aim of this project is to create an archive of documents of socio-historical relevance to historians, anthropologists, sociologists and linguists. Most of the documents identified for digitisation are destined to disappear in the near future given both the very humid climate of southern India and neglected condition in which they are stored. These documents, recorded on paper, palm-leaves and copper plates, provide a rare and unique opportunity to glimpse a variety of aspects of social history of village life in the more remote parts of the Tamil region at a time when new power structures and social identities were being forged both with and against local traditional feudal systems and British colonial legislations. The documents are scattered in the homes of Tamil villagers, especially the descendants of traditional power holders, who are unaware of the importance such documents can have for understanding social history. Though unaware of the scholarly value, the document holders are not prepared to part

Rome, Italy - 11/23/2009 - The Pew Environment Group today welcomed an announcement by the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization that the new treaty to address illegal fishing is open for signature and called on governments to ratify and implement this treaty. Officially known as the Agreement of Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing, the treaty specifies minimum standards for inspection and provides port States with the obligation to prohibit entry to illegal fishing vessels. “Governments must immediately start to crack down on illegal fishing and refuse port entry to those responsible,” said Stefan Flothmann, director of International Ocean Governance at the Pew Environment Group. “Ratifying and implementing the treaty is critical to end illegal fishing.” The treaty is now open for signature with some countries already signing at yesterday’s meeting. The agreement will legally enter into force after 25 countries have ratified it. In

The St. Christopher Woodcut, 1423 The Library has fifteen block- books and a number of block-prints, including the St Christopher Woodcut, the only surviving example of the first piece of European printing bearing a date, 1423 (see illustration, right). Of the collection of incunables, 3,000 come from the Spencer Collection, 215 were bequeathed by Richard Copley Christie, and the remainder have been acquired from other sources. Approximately 1,000 are of German origin, about 2,000 were printed in Italy and the remainder represent the presses of other European countries and of England. Of the earliest type- printed documents to which a place or date can be assigned there are the Letters of Indulgence of Pope Nicholas V, the 36- and 42-line Bibles, the first three Mainz Psalters and in all about 50 productions of the Mainz press associated with Gutenberg, Fust and Schöffer, several being the only recorded copies. The Library has the only complete examples in Britain of books printed by Albrecht Pfister in Bamberg

EPA Recognizes Shrewsbury Municipal Water Co. for Protecting Drinking Water The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency presented a source water protection award to the Shrewsbury Municipal Water Co. in York County, Pa., for taking special initiatives to protect drinking water sources for local residents. "Protecting the sources of our drinking water safeguards both public health and our environment, and we applaud the Shrewsbury Municipal Water Co. for its extraordinary effort," said Donald S. Welsh, regional administrator for EPA’s mid-Atlantic region. EPA selected the Shrewsbury water company as the Pennsylvania recipient of EPA’s source water protection award because of the water company’s wellhead protection efforts and its public education program that emphasizes protection of public groundwater wells. The groundwater that provides the water supply to the community is a sole source of Shrewsbury Borough’s water supply. Shrewsbury Borough enacted a wellhead protection overlay ordinance in 2002 that manages

Go up 12 semi-tones from frequency f on a guitar, and the frequency interval difference in terms of f is f = 2f - f. What is the formula for the intermediate 11 non-trivial intervals? So for k=2, that's two semi-tones. If I start at frequency f on guitar, and go up two frets, what is the frequency interval length? With g being the new frequency, f being the frequency of reference, and k being the interval in number of semitones: In between, you get an exponential curve (power of two). For the frequency difference between g and f: Note also that k needs not be positive, and may also have decimals. If the interval you are looking for is 3 semitones and 14 cents down, take

Many Windows administrators are familiar with the ipconfig command line utility, which is used to get information about network interface configuration and make changes to it. Linux systems have a similar utility, ifconfig, which is a common part of the day-to-day tool belt of most Linux sysadmins. There are some distinct differences between ipconfig and ifconfig, however, such as the fact that the DOS/Windows ipconfig does not allow you to make changes to network configuration. In general, you must be logged in as root or use sudo to make use of the ifconfig utility on a Linux machine. The ifconfig utility can be used either to simply get information about network interface configuration or to change configuration, depending on what options are used with the ifconfig command. Entering ifconfig at the command line interface without specifying any options will provide a fairly complete description of the current state of all active network interfaces. For instance, on a machine with hostname erebus, entering i

A 'Bio' Ride In the Sky Finding Fuel Solutions For 30,000 Feet You're flying comfortably at 30,000 feet, but you may not have noticed a significant problem with your airplane. Your plane is safe and comfortable, and no oxygen masks have deployed. Your seat is in its upright position, you can turn on your electrical devices, and your bags are stowed carefully under the seat in front of you. The real problem is your fuel. Specifically, your cross-country flight is totally dependent on the use of several thousand gallons of petroleum-based jet fuel made from mostly imported oil—a problem if prices rise or if supplies run low. A look at the Numbers In 2011, jet fuel was the biggest expense for airlines—at one third of their total expenses, and jet fuel prices increased by 47 percent in the past year. While fuel costs are a problem for commercial airlines, they are also of concern for the U.S. government, with almost half of its total energy used for jet fuel. "The airline industry as a whole is very interested in

Maintaining a good breastmilk supply Download printable version (Adobe® .pdf, 81Kb) here Breast feeding is a learnt skill. Some find it so easy, but for many mums, there can be many tears shed with episodes of frustration and despair. When first beginning to breast feed, or when a baby changes its feeding pattern, mums often believe that they are not producing enough milk. Furthermore, as baby gets older and becomes a more efficient and faster feeder, a mum may feel that she isn’t meeting baby's feeding needs. Mums can also feel that their supply is insufficient if milk stops leaking from their breasts, if they stop feeling the letdown reflex, or lose the 'fullness' feeling. The loss of these feelings is a normal sign that a mum’s body has adjusted to a baby’s feeding requirements. LaLeche League believe that only 1-2% of women are unable to produce enough milk for their baby. This minority of women does not include those mums who have breast infections, difficulties getting baby to latch on, or a mum’s lack

Last fall semester I once again taught my general introductory course: The History of Madness and Psychiatry in the Western World. The course covers a vast swath of time, beginning with ancient Palestine and Greece and ending with debate over the famous case of Osheroff v. Chestnut Lodge. As I sat reading responses to a final exam essay question in which I asked students to discuss long-term patterns and trends in the history of the handling of mental illness, I was struck by a recurring tendency. Most students portrayed the history of mental health in one of two ways. One group of students was prone to interpreting the history of mental illness and its treatment as one of progressive successes. Their thinking went something like this. Ancient and medieval healers misguidedly turned to spurious supernatural and uninformed somatic explanations to understand and treat disorders. Their ignorance led these healers to routinely mistreat their patients (eg, inserting pessaries into “hysteric” women, using leeches t

The Sword Of The New Covenant by Pastor Mark Downey The invention of the sword goes back to the early Egyptians around the time of the Bronze Age, which was about a thousand years after Adam. I believe metallurgy was a gift from God to the White race. Two identification marks (and there are over 100) of Israel would be great agricultural wealth and land having an abundance of minerals. Deut. 8:9 covers both aspects, “A land wherein thou shalt eat bread without scarceness… a land whose stones are iron, and out of whose hills thou may dig brass.” Swords developed gradually from the scythe, a farming tool used to harvest grain. But where did the White man get the idea for a sword? I think it’s interesting that God introduces the first recorded weapon of war in the Bible, not man. If you recall Adam and Eve being driven out of the Garden of Eden, God placed the “Cherubim and a flaming sword that turns every way to guard the way to the tree of life” (Gen. 3:23). The idea of a sword then is to protect something. In