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--- |
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license: cc-by-nc-4.0 |
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task_categories: |
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- question-answering |
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language: |
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- zh |
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- en |
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tags: |
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- social |
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- survey |
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- evaluation |
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- simulation |
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pretty_name: DEFSurveySim |
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size_categories: |
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- 1K<n<10K |
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--- |
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# Dataset Card for DEFSurveySim |
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## Dataset Summary |
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This dataset comprises carefully selected questions about human value preferences from major social surveys: |
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- **[World Values Survey (WVS-2023)](https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs.jsp)**: A global network of social scientists studying changing values and their impact on social and political life. |
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- **[General Social Survey (GSS-2022)](https://gss.norc.org/About-The-GSS)**: A survey of American adults monitoring trends in opinions, attitudes, and behaviors towards demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. |
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- **[Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS-2018)](http://cgss.ruc.edu.cn/English/Home.htm)**: The earliest nationwide and continuous academic survey in China collecting data at multiple levels of society, community, family, and individual. |
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- **[Ipsos Understanding Society survey](https://www.ipsos.com/en-uk/understanding-society)**: The preeminent online probability-based panel that accurately represents the adult population of the United States. |
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- **[American Trends Panel](https://www.pewresearch.org/our-methods/u-s-surveys/the-american-trends-panel/)**: A nationally representative online survey panel, consisting of over 10,000 randomly selected adults from across the United States. |
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- **[USA Today/Ipsos Poll](https://doi.org/10.25940/ROPER-31120147)**: Surveys a diverse group of 1,023 adults aged 18 or older, including 311 Democrats, 290 Republicans, and 312 independents. |
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- **[Chinese Social Survey](http://css.cssn.cn/css\_sy/)**: Longitudinal surveys focus on labor and employment, family and social life, and social attitudes. |
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The data supports research published on Information Processing & Management titled: [Towards Realistic Evaluation of Cultural Value Alignment in Large Language Models: Diversity Enhancement for Survey Response Simulation](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030645732500041X?dgcid=author) |
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## Purpose |
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This dataset enables: |
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1. Evaluation of LLMs' cultural value alignment through survey response simulation |
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2. Comparison of model-generated preference distributions against human reference data |
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3. Analysis of how model architecture and training choices impact value alignment |
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4. Cross-cultural comparison of value preferences between U.S. and Chinese populations |
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## Data Structure |
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``` |
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DEF_survey_sim/ |
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├── Characters/ |
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│ ├── US_survey/ |
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│ │ ├── Character.xlsx |
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│ │ └── ... |
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│ └── CN_survey/ |
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│ ├── Character.xlsx |
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│ └── ... |
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├── Pref_distribution/ |
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│ ├── usa_ref_score_all.csv |
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│ └── zh_ref_score_all.csv |
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├── Chinese_questionaires.txt |
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└── English_questionaires.txt |
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``` |
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### Data Format Details |
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1. **Txt Files**: Original survey questions in txt format, maintaining survey integrity |
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2. **Characters**: Demographic breakdowns including: |
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- Age groups (under 29, 30-49, over 50) |
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- Gender (male, female) |
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- Dominant demographic characteristics per question |
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3. **Preference Distributions**: Statistical distributions of human responses for benchmark comparison |
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## Usage Guidelines |
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For implementation details and code examples, visit our [GitHub repository](https://github.com/alexc-l/DEF-Value-investigation). |
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## Limitations and Considerations |
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- Surveys were not originally designed for LLM evaluation |
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- Cultural context and temporal changes may affect interpretation |
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- Response patterns may vary across demographics and regions |
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- Limited construct validity when applied to artificial intelligence |
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## Contact Information |
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- Research inquiries: [email protected] |
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- Technical support: [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/alexc-l/DEF-Value-investigation/issues) |
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## Citation |
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```bibtex |
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@article{LIU2025104099, |
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title = {Towards realistic evaluation of cultural value alignment in large language models: Diversity enhancement for survey response simulation}, |
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journal = {Information Processing & Management}, |
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volume = {62}, |
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number = {4}, |
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pages = {104099}, |
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year = {2025}, |
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issn = {0306-4573}, |
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doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2025.104099}, |
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url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030645732500041X}, |
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author = {Haijiang Liu and Yong Cao and Xun Wu and Chen Qiu and Jinguang Gu and Maofu Liu and Daniel Hershcovich}, |
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keywords = {Evaluation methods, Value investigation, Survey simulation, Large language models, U.S.-china cultures}, |
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} |
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``` |
