id
stringlengths 1
5
| document_id
stringlengths 5
8
| passages
list | entities
list | events
sequence | coreferences
sequence | relations
sequence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6513 | 11414348 | [
{
"id": "6514",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Four-year outcomes from adolescent alcohol and drug treatment . OBJECTIVE Knowledge of treatment response for alcohol and drug problems among adults is mounting ; less is known about long-term outcome for adolescents who receive treatment for alcohol and drug problems . The current study examined youth substance involvement over 4 years ( using five waves of data collection ) following treatment for alcohol and drug abuse . METHOD A cohort of youth ( N = 162 , 60 % male ) treated during adolescence ( mean age = 16 years ) was followed into young adulthood , a period associated with stabilization of alcohol use patterns and elevated risk for life problems secondary to both alcohol and drug use . Participants ( 14-18 years old ) were consecutive admissions to inpatient adolescent alcohol and drug treatment centers in San Diego that were abstinence focused and based on the 12-step approach . RESULTS Alcohol and other drug use were reduced during the 4 years posttreatment , with the exception of nicotine . The greatest prevalence reduction occurred for stimulants ; modest changes were evident in alcohol and marijuana use . Nicotine was the most commonly used substance throughout the 4 years after treatment . Several distinct substance involvement trajectories were evident during the 4 years following treatment . CONCLUSIONS Alcohol and drug use patterns during the 4 years following treatment highlight both changes and diversity in substance involvement as youth make the transitions from middle to late adolescence and into young adulthood . Findings demonstrate the importance of identifying transitional periods and the need for alternative intervention strategies that may help the progression of this population into young adulthood ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1758
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6515",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"adolescent alcohol and drug treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6516",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"treatment for alcohol and drug problems"
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
268
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6517",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"treatment for alcohol and drug abuse"
],
"offsets": [
[
389,
425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6518",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Alcohol and other drug use"
],
"offsets": [
[
910,
936
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6519",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prevalence reduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
1031,
1051
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6520",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adolescent"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6521",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adolescents"
],
"offsets": [
[
205,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6522",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"alcohol and drug problems"
],
"offsets": [
[
110,
135
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6523",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"youth"
],
"offsets": [
[
298,
303
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6524",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"162"
],
"offsets": [
[
459,
462
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6525",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adolescence"
],
"offsets": [
[
492,
503
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6526",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"16 years )"
],
"offsets": [
[
517,
527
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6527",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"young adulthood"
],
"offsets": [
[
546,
561
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6528",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"14-18 years old"
],
"offsets": [
[
719,
734
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6529 | 11420161 | [
{
"id": "6530",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of ischaemic preconditioning , cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischaemic/reperfusion on free radical generation in CABG patients . OBJECTIVE To investigate the free radicals ( FR ) generation after ischaemic preconditioning and cardiopulmonary bypass and during reperfusion in CABG patients , and the role of ischaemic preconditioning . METHODS Forty-three CABG patients were randomised into an ischaemic preconditioning and a control group . The protocol for ischaemic preconditioning was two cycles of 2-min ischaemia followed by 3-min reperfusion . Free radicals were measured using electron spin resonance spectroscopy . Global and right heart functions were collected . RESULTS The free radicals generation in coronary sinus blood in the ischaemic preconditioning group was 9.7 and 16.6 % after the ischaemic preconditioning protocol and 10 min after declamping , 6.8 and 13.3 % in the controls . The free radicals in arterial samples were , respectively , 21 , 14 , 10 and 9 % at 10 min , 1 , 2 and 24 h after reperfusion . Cardiac index ( CI ) and right ventricular ejection fraction ( RVEF ) were improved by ischaemic preconditioning . CONCLUSION Both ischaemic preconditioning and cardiopulmonary bypass induced free radicals generation . Although ischaemic preconditioning had no effect on free radicals generation after the operation , it protected against postoperative stunning ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1406
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6531",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6532",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"cardiopulmonary bypass"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6533",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"myocardial ischaemic/reperfusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6534",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6535",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"cardiopulmonary bypass"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6536",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6537",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
142,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6538",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6539",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6540",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
523,
532
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6541",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"reperfusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6542",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6543",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6544",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6545",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
142,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6546",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6547",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"cardiopulmonary bypass"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6548",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ischaemic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6549",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"free radical generation"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
124
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6550",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Free radicals"
],
"offsets": [
[
565,
578
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6551",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Global and right heart functions"
],
"offsets": [
[
638,
670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6552",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"free radicals generation in coronary sinus blood"
],
"offsets": [
[
700,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6553",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"free radicals in arterial samples"
],
"offsets": [
[
919,
952
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6554",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Cardiac index ( CI )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1043,
1063
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6555",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"right ventricular ejection fraction ( RVEF )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1068,
1112
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6556",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"free radicals generation"
],
"offsets": [
[
700,
724
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6557",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"free radicals generation"
],
"offsets": [
[
700,
724
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6558",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"CABG"
],
"offsets": [
[
128,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6559",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"CABG"
],
"offsets": [
[
128,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6560",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Forty-three"
],
"offsets": [
[
358,
369
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6561",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"CABG"
],
"offsets": [
[
128,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6562 | 11422660 | [
{
"id": "6563",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Nicotine infusion acutely impairs insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients but not in healthy subjects . OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine if an acute nicotine infusion alters insulin sensitivity to a similar degree in type 2 diabetic patients as in healthy control subjects . DESIGN . Double-blind , cross-over , placebo-controlled , randomized experimental study . Nicotine 0.3 microg kg-1 min ( -1 ) or NaCl was infused ( 2 h ) during a euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp ( 4 h ) to assess insulin sensitivity . SETTING University research laboratory . SUBJECTS Six male and female type 2 diabetic patients [ DM2 ; age 54 +/- 10 ( mean +/- SD ) years ; body mass index ( BMI ) 25.6 +/- 2.9 kg m ( -2 ) ] treated with diet or one oral hypoglycaemic agent and six age- and BMI-matched control subjects ( Ctr ) . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Insulin sensitivity ( rate of glucose infusion per kg fat free body mass and minute ) , nicotine and free fatty acid ( FFA ) levels , pulse rate and blood pressure . RESULTS The infusions produced similar nicotine levels in both groups . In the absence of nicotine , DM2 were more insulin resistant than Ctr ( 6.7 +/- 0.4 vs. 10.9 +/- 0.3 mg kg-1 LBM min ( -1 ) , respectively ; P < 0.0001 ) . This insulin resistance was further aggravated by the nicotine infusion in DM2 but not in Ctr ( 4.6 +/- 0.3 vs. 10.9 +/- 0.3 mg kg ( -1 ) LBM min ( -1 ) ; P < 0.0001 ) . Only minor differences were seen in FFA levels , pulse rates and blood pressure . CONCLUSIONS At this low infusion rate , nicotine aggravated the insulin resistance in DM2 but not in Ctr . This finding may be because of the ( dysmetabolic ) diabetic state per se or to an increased sensitivity to environmental factors associated with a genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes . These results show that diabetic subjects are particularly susceptible to the detrimental effects of nicotine ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1913
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6564",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Nicotine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6565",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nicotine"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6566",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
353
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6567",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Nicotine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6568",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"or NaCl was infused"
],
"offsets": [
[
424,
443
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6569",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nicotine"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6570",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nicotine"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6571",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nicotine"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6572",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Insulin sensitivity ( rate of glucose infusion per kg fat free body mass and minute ) ,"
],
"offsets": [
[
856,
943
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6573",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nicotine and free fatty acid ( FFA ) levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
944,
987
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6574",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pulse rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
990,
1000
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6575",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1005,
1019
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6576",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin resistant"
],
"offsets": [
[
1137,
1154
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6577",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin resistance"
],
"offsets": [
[
1255,
1273
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6578",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"FFA levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1456,
1466
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6579",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pulse rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1469,
1480
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6580",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1005,
1019
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6581",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin resistance"
],
"offsets": [
[
1255,
1273
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6582",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"type 2 diabetic patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6583 | 11429349 | [
{
"id": "6584",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The clinical and biochemical effects of propofol infusion with and without EDTA for maintenance anesthesia in healthy children undergoing ambulatory surgery . UNLABELLED We conducted this randomized , double-blinded , comparative , parallel-group study to determine whether adding EDTA to propofol would affect the clinical profile , calcium and magnesium homeostasis , or renal function in healthy children . After the induction of anesthesia with halothane , 69 ambulatory surgical patients ( 1 mo to < 17 yr old ) , received propofol without EDTA ( n = 33 ) or propofol with EDTA ( n = 36 ) . Blood samples were obtained for the measurement of ionized calcium , ionized magnesium , and laboratory indicators of renal function . Hemodynamic measurements , recovery , and adverse events were recorded . Propofol with EDTA produced no significant effects on clinical efficacy or renal function . Propofol and propofol EDTA produced a statistically significant decrease from baseline in serum concentrations of ionized calcium and magnesium during infusion ( P < 0.05 ) , but with no apparent clinical effect . Hemodynamic measurements generally remained stable and were similar for both groups . Statistically significant changes in systolic blood pressure , mean arterial pressure , and heart rate were not considered clinically significant . Adverse events were mild or moderate . The addition of EDTA does not alter the clinical profile of propofol in pediatric ambulatory surgical patients . With or without EDTA , propofol is associated with a decrease in ionized calcium with no apparent clinical effect . IMPLICATIONS The addition of EDTA does not alter the clinical profile of propofol in pediatric ambulatory surgical patients . With or without EDTA , propofol is associated with a decrease in ionized calcium with no apparent clinical effect ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1853
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6585",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6586",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"with and without EDTA"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6587",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"EDTA to propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
281,
297
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6588",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"induction of anesthesia with halothane"
],
"offsets": [
[
420,
458
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6589",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol without EDTA"
],
"offsets": [
[
528,
549
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6590",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol with EDTA"
],
"offsets": [
[
564,
582
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6591",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Propofol with EDTA"
],
"offsets": [
[
804,
822
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6592",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
804,
812
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6593",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol EDTA"
],
"offsets": [
[
909,
922
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6594",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"EDTA"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6595",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"EDTA"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6596",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6597",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Blood samples"
],
"offsets": [
[
596,
609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6598",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"measurement of ionized calcium , ionized magnesium , and laboratory indicators of renal function ."
],
"offsets": [
[
632,
730
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6599",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Hemodynamic measurements , recovery"
],
"offsets": [
[
731,
766
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6600",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
773,
787
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6601",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"clinical efficacy or renal function ."
],
"offsets": [
[
858,
895
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6602",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"decrease from baseline in serum concentrations of ionized calcium and magnesium during infusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
960,
1055
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6603",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Hemodynamic measurements"
],
"offsets": [
[
731,
755
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6604",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"systolic blood pressure , mean arterial pressure , and heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1233,
1298
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6605",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"ionized calcium"
],
"offsets": [
[
647,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6606",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ionized calcium"
],
"offsets": [
[
647,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6607",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
118,
126
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6608",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ambulatory surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
138,
156
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6609",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
118,
126
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6610",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"69"
],
"offsets": [
[
461,
463
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6611",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ambulatory surgical"
],
"offsets": [
[
464,
483
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6612",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"1 mo to < 17 yr old"
],
"offsets": [
[
495,
514
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6613",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ambulatory surgical"
],
"offsets": [
[
464,
483
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6614",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ambulatory surgical"
],
"offsets": [
[
464,
483
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6615 | 11435682 | [
{
"id": "6616",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Patient positioning influences oxygen saturation in the acute phase of stroke . We evaluated arterial oxygen saturation ( SaO ( 2 ) ) and heart rate in acute stroke patients to determine whether routine positioning affected these physiological parameters . Measurements were recorded at the bedside non-invasively in five different positions assigned in random order each maintained for 10 min . One hundred and twenty-nine patients examined within a median of 72 h , lying on the left side resulted in slightly lower SaO ( 2 ) than lying on the right side , which was statistically significant in the patients with a right ( n = 66 ) , but not left , hemiparesis . Patients able to sit in a chair ( n = 65 ) , who mostly had less severe strokes , had a significantly higher mean SaO ( 2 ) and heart rate when sitting in the chair than when placed in any other position . About 10 % of patients , especially those with a severe stroke , with right hemiparesis and concomitant chest disease , experienced falls in SaO ( 2 ) to 90 % or less for > /=2 min in certain positions ; the hypoxia was more likely when they were lying on their left side . These results may have implications for current practice and for future patient positioning strategies to improve outcome after stroke ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1282
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6617",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"five different positions"
],
"offsets": [
[
317,
341
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6618",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"median"
],
"offsets": [
[
451,
457
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6619",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"lying on the left side"
],
"offsets": [
[
468,
490
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6620",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"lying on the right side"
],
"offsets": [
[
533,
556
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6621",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"sit in a chair"
],
"offsets": [
[
683,
697
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6622",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"lying on their left side"
],
"offsets": [
[
1119,
1143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6623",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxygen saturation"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6624",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"arterial oxygen saturation ( SaO ( 2 ) )"
],
"offsets": [
[
93,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6625",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
138,
148
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6626",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"SaO ( 2 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
122,
131
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6627",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean SaO ( 2 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
775,
789
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6628",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
138,
148
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6629",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"SaO ( 2 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
122,
131
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6630",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hypoxia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1080,
1087
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6631",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute phase"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6632",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"stroke"
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6633",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"One hundred and twenty-nine"
],
"offsets": [
[
396,
423
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6634 | 11439748 | [
{
"id": "6635",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Brief report : case reports on naltrexone use in children with autism : controlled observations regarding benefits and practical issues of medication management ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
162
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6636",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6637",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"benefits"
],
"offsets": [
[
106,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6638",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"practical issues"
],
"offsets": [
[
119,
135
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6639",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism :"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6640 | 11443835 | [
{
"id": "6641",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Risk factors for malnutrition in patients undergoing gastroenterological and hernia surgery : an analysis of 374 patients . OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of 374 surgical patients with gastrointestinal disease and hernias of the abdominal wall ; to identify risk factors associated with a poorer nutritional status in this group of patients and to assess awareness of the patient 's nutritional status by medical teams . SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Malnutrition is prevalent among surgical patients and is associated with higher surgical complication rates and mortality . The major causes of poor nutritional status are related to the underlying disease , socio-economic factors , age , and length of hospitalization . Despite its high prevalence , medical teams often overlook malnutrition , and screening of these patients is not routine . It is of utmost importance to identify patients at risk for malnutrition in order to prevent related complications . METHODS The 374 patients evaluated in this study were a subgroup of a larger multicenter , cross-sectional , randomized study that was carried out in 1996 . Nutritional status was assessed by using Subjective Global Assessment . RESULTS Malnutrition was present in 55 % of the patients , with 19 % of the patients severely malnourished . The presence of cancer , infection , age over 60 years , upper gastrointestinal disease , and longer length of hospital stay all negatively influenced nutritional status . Despite the high prevalence of malnutrition , the medical teams only assessed the nutritional status of a few patients . CONCLUSION Malnutrition was highly prevalent in this setting of patients . Therefore , patients with the risk factors above presented should routinely undergo nutritional screening and/or assessment in order to be able to early diagnose or prevent malnutrition and its correlated morbidity and mortality ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1930
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6642",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"gastroenterological and hernia surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6643",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Nutritional status"
],
"offsets": [
[
1151,
1169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6644",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Subjective Global Assessment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1192,
1222
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6645",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Malnutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
483,
495
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6646",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nutritional status"
],
"offsets": [
[
174,
192
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6647",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"malnutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6648",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nutritional"
],
"offsets": [
[
174,
185
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6649",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Malnutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
483,
495
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6650",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients undergoing gastroenterological and hernia surgery : an analysis of 374 patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
123
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6651",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"374"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
112
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6652",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"surgical patients with gastrointestinal disease and hernias of the abdominal wall ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
283
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6653 | 11446476 | [
{
"id": "6654",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison of enoxaparin and standard heparin in gynaecologic oncologic surgery : a randomised prospective double-blind clinical study . OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the haemorrhagic complications and efficacy of enoxaparin , a low molecular weight heparin ( LMWH ) , and conventional standard heparin ( SH ) in gynaecological oncologic surgery . MATERIALS METHODS A double blind , randomised trial was performed on 102 consecutive women undergoing gynaecologic cancer surgery with pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy . The women were separated into those who were given 2,500 IU enoxaparin once daily and SH in a dose of 5,000 IU three times daily . The groups were analysed for intraoperative blood loss , drainage , transfusion requirements , perioperative haemoglobin decrease , wound haematoma , and clinical deep venous thrombosis . RESULTS The two groups were well matched for age , weight , and other factors , which could predispose to the development of deep venous thrombosis ( DVT ) and haemorrhage . No patient developed clinical significant DVT , wound haematoma or intra-abdominal bleeding . There was no significant difference in bleeding complications between the two regimens . The antiFXa level in the plasma was correlated strongly with patient weight . CONCLUSIONS A dose of 2,500 IU enoxaparin/day does not cause more bleeding complications than SH 5,000 IU three times daily when used to prevent thrombosis . However , the dose of enoxaparin must be adjusted to the patient 's weight ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1519
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6655",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enoxaparin"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6656",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"standard heparin"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6657",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enoxaparin"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6658",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"standard heparin ( SH )"
],
"offsets": [
[
294,
317
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6659",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enoxaparin"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6660",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"SH"
],
"offsets": [
[
313,
315
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6661",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enoxaparin/day"
],
"offsets": [
[
1316,
1330
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6662",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"development of deep venous thrombosis ( DVT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
960,
1005
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6663",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"haemorrhage"
],
"offsets": [
[
1010,
1021
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6664",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"DVT"
],
"offsets": [
[
1000,
1003
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6665",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"wound haematoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
794,
809
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6666",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intra-abdominal bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
1091,
1115
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6667",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bleeding complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
1157,
1179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6668",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"antiFXa level"
],
"offsets": [
[
1211,
1224
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6669",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"gynaecologic oncologic surgery :"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6670 | 11450816 | [
{
"id": "6671",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Lamotrigine therapy for autistic disorder : a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial . In autism , glutamate may be increased or its receptors up-regulated as part of an excitotoxic process that damages neural networks and subsequently contributes to behavioral and cognitive deficits seen in the disorder . This was a double-blind , placebo-controlled , parallel group study of lamotrigine , an agent that modulates glutamate release . Twenty-eight children ( 27 boys ) ages 3 to 11 years ( M = 5.8 ) with a primary diagnosis of autistic disorder received either placebo or lamotrigine twice daily . In children on lamotrigine , the drug was titrated upward over 8 weeks to reach a mean maintenance dose of 5.0 mg/kg per day . This dose was then maintained for 4 weeks . Following maintenance evaluations , the drug was tapered down over 2 weeks . The trial ended with a 4-week drug-free period . Outcome measures included improvements in severity and behavioral features of autistic disorder ( stereotypies , lethargy , irritability , hyperactivity , emotional reciprocity , sharing pleasures ) and improvements in language and communication , socialization , and daily living skills noted after 12 weeks ( the end of a 4-week maintenance phase ) . We did not find any significant differences in improvements between lamotrigine or placebo groups on the Autism Behavior Checklist , the Aberrant Behavior Checklist , the Vineland Adaptive Behavior scales , the PL-ADOS , or the CARS . Parent rating scales showed marked improvements , presumably due to expectations of benefits ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1594
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6672",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Lamotrigine therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6673",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lamotrigine"
],
"offsets": [
[
393,
404
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6674",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"received either placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
562,
585
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6675",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lamotrigine twice daily"
],
"offsets": [
[
589,
612
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6676",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lamotrigine , the drug was titrated upward over 8 weeks to reach a mean maintenance dose of 5.0 mg/kg per day"
],
"offsets": [
[
630,
739
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6677",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"This dose was then maintained for 4 weeks"
],
"offsets": [
[
742,
783
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6678",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Following maintenance evaluations , the drug was tapered down over 2 weeks"
],
"offsets": [
[
786,
860
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6679",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"The trial ended with a 4-week drug-free period"
],
"offsets": [
[
863,
909
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6680",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lamotrigine"
],
"offsets": [
[
393,
404
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6681",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6682",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"severity and behavioral features of autistic disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
954,
1007
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6683",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"stereotypies , lethargy , irritability , hyperactivity , emotional reciprocity , sharing pleasures )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1010,
1110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6684",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"improvements in language"
],
"offsets": [
[
1115,
1139
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6685",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"communication"
],
"offsets": [
[
1144,
1157
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6686",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"socialization"
],
"offsets": [
[
1160,
1173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6687",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Autism Behavior Checklist , the Aberrant Behavior Checklist , the Vineland Adaptive Behavior scales , the PL-ADOS , or the CARS"
],
"offsets": [
[
1370,
1497
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6688",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Parent rating scales"
],
"offsets": [
[
1500,
1520
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6689",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic disorder :"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
43
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6690",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty-eight"
],
"offsets": [
[
451,
463
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6691",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
464,
472
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6692",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"27"
],
"offsets": [
[
475,
477
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6693",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"ages 3 to 11 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
485,
503
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6694 | 11450818 | [
{
"id": "6695",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Children 's attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a peer with autistic behaviors : does a brief educational intervention have an effect ? This study examined children 's ratings of attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a peer presented with or without autistic behaviors . The impact of information about autism on these ratings was investigated as well as age and gender effects . Third- and sixth-grade children ( N = 233 ) were randomly assigned to view a video of the same boy in one of three conditions : No Autism , Autism , or Autism/Information . Children at both grade levels showed less positive attitudes toward the child in the two autism conditions . In rating their own behavioral intentions , children showed no differences between conditions . However , in attributing intentions to their classmates , older children and girls gave lower ratings to the child in the autism conditions . Information about autism did not affect ratings of either attitudes or behavioral intentions as ascribed to self or others ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1036
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6696",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"educational intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6697",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"view a video of the same boy in one of three conditions : No Autism , Autism , or Autism/Information ."
],
"offsets": [
[
462,
564
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6698",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"attitudes and behavioral intentions"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6699",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"attitudes and behavioral intentions"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6700",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"less positive attitudes"
],
"offsets": [
[
602,
625
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6701",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"behavioral intentions"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6702",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"lower ratings"
],
"offsets": [
[
858,
871
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6703",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"attitudes or behavioral intentions"
],
"offsets": [
[
970,
1004
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6704",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Children 's attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a peer with autistic behaviors :"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6705",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"children 's ratings of attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a peer presented with or without autistic behaviors ."
],
"offsets": [
[
163,
282
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6706 | 11453509 | [
{
"id": "6707",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Ipratropium bromide nasal spray for treatment of rhinorrhea in the laryngectomized patient : a pilot study . Many who have had a total laryngectomy complain of unrelenting rhinorrhea that is often very difficult to control . This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ipratropium bromide ( IB ) , an anticholinergic nasal spray , on rhinorrhea in these patients . This was designed as a prospective , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover pilot study . Participants were selected if they had a total laryngectomy and complained of rhinorrhea . They were asked to rate the severity and duration of their rhinorrhea each day throughout the study on a scale from zero to six . Each participant was initially given a saline nasal spray for one week . They were then randomized to use either IB or saline for the double-blinded portion of the study . Two sprays of IB at a dose of 42 micrograms/spray ( 0.06 % ) , or saline , were administered intranasally twice daily for two weeks , after which time the participants were given another nasal spray ( either IB or saline ) for the crossover portion of the study . Six patients entered and completed the study . Those patients using the IB recorded a mean 55 % decline in severity and a mean 51 % decline in duration of the rhinorrhea as compared to placebo . The relief in both severity and duration of rhinorrhea obtained by patients was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and found to be highly significant ( p < 0.001 ) . Despite the limitations of a small sample size in this study , ipratropium bromide nasal spray significantly reduced both the severity and duration of rhinorrhea in laryngectomized patients . We suggest ipratropium nasal spray as a safe , effective way to treat chronic rhinorrhea in laryngectomized patients , improving their quality of life ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1855
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6708",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Ipratropium bromide nasal spray"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6709",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ipratropium bromide ( IB )"
],
"offsets": [
[
277,
303
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6710",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
438,
456
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6711",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"saline nasal spray"
],
"offsets": [
[
743,
761
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6712",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IB"
],
"offsets": [
[
299,
301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6713",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
743,
749
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6714",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IB"
],
"offsets": [
[
299,
301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6715",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
743,
749
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6716",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IB"
],
"offsets": [
[
299,
301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6717",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
743,
749
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6718",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"severity"
],
"offsets": [
[
602,
610
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6719",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"duration of their rhinorrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
615,
643
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6720",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"decline in severity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1236,
1255
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6721",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"decline in duration of the rhinorrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
1272,
1309
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6722",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"severity and duration of rhinorrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
1354,
1389
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6723",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Wilcoxon signed-rank test"
],
"offsets": [
[
1434,
1459
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6724",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"severity and duration of rhinorrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
1354,
1389
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6725",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of life"
],
"offsets": [
[
1838,
1853
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6726",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"rhinorrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
59
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6727",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"laryngectomized patient"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6728",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"total laryngectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
129,
147
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6729",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"rhinorrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
59
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6730",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Six"
],
"offsets": [
[
1140,
1143
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6731 | 11454840 | [
{
"id": "6732",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Uncomplicated moderate coronary artery dissections after balloon angioplasty : good outcome without stenting . OBJECTIVE To study the relation between moderate coronary dissections , coronary flow velocity reserve ( CFVR ) , and long term outcome . METHODS 523 patients undergoing balloon angioplasty and sequential intracoronary Doppler measurements were examined as part of the DEBATE II trial ( Doppler endpoints balloon angioplasty trial Europe ) . After successful balloon angioplasty , patients were randomised to stenting or no further treatment . Dissections were graded at the core laboratory by two observers and divided into four categories : none , mild ( type A-B ) , moderate ( type C ) , severe ( types D to F ) . Patients with severe dissections ( n = 128 ) or without available reference vessel CFVR ( n = 139 ) were excluded . The remaining 256 patients were divided into two groups according to the presence ( group A , n = 45 ) or absence ( group B , n = 211 ) of moderate dissection . RESULTS Following balloon angioplasty , there was no difference in CFVR between the two groups . At 12 months follow up , a higher rate of major adverse cardiac events was observed overall in group A than in group B ( 10 ( 22 % ) v 23 ( 11 % ) , p = 0.041 ) . However , the risk of major adverse events was similar in the subgroups receiving balloon angioplasty ( group A , 6 ( 19 % ) v group B , 16 ( 16 % ) , NS ) . Among group A patients , the adverse events risk was greater in those randomised to stenting ( odds ratios 6.603 v 1.197 , p = 0.046 ) , whereas there was no difference in risk if the group was analysed according to whether the CFVR was < 2.5 or > /= 2.5 after balloon angioplasty . CONCLUSIONS Moderate dissections left untreated result in no increased risk of major adverse cardiac events . Additional stenting does not improve the long term outcome ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1877
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6733",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"stenting"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6734",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6735",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"balloon angioplasty"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6736",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"balloon angioplasty"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6737",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"stenting"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6738",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"or no further treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
529,
552
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6739",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CFVR"
],
"offsets": [
[
216,
220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6740",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"major adverse cardiac events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1145,
1173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6741",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"risk of major adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1280,
1308
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6742",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse events risk"
],
"offsets": [
[
1453,
1472
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6743",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"risk of major adverse cardiac events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1778,
1814
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6744",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"523"
],
"offsets": [
[
257,
260
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6745",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"balloon angioplasty and sequential intracoronary Doppler measurements"
],
"offsets": [
[
281,
350
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6746",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"256 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
859,
871
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6747 | 11459079 | [
{
"id": "6748",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Famotidine treatment of children with autistic spectrum disorders : pilot research using single subject research design . Using single subject research design , we performed pilot research to evaluate the safety and efficacy of famotidine for the treatment of children with autistic spectrum disorders . We studied 9 Caucasian boys , 3.8-8.1 years old , with a DSM-IV diagnosis of a pervasive developmental disorder , living with their families , receiving no chronic medications , and without significant gastrointestinal symptoms . The dose of oral famotidine was 2 mg/kg/day ( given in two divided doses ) ; the maximum total daily dose was 100 mg . Using single-subject research analysis and medication given in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , cross-over design , 4 of 9 children randomized ( 44 % ) had evidence of behavioral improvement . Primary efficacy was based on data kept by primary caregivers , including a daily diary ; daily visual analogue scales of affection , reciting , or aspects of social interaction ; Aberrant Behavior Checklists ( ABC , Aman ) ; and Clinical Global Improvement scales . Children with marked stereotypy ( meaningless , repetitive behaviors ) did not respond . Our subjects did not have prominent gastrointestinal symptoms and endoscopy was not part of our protocol ; thus , we can not exclude the possibility that our subjects improved due to the effective treatment of asymptomatic esophagitis . The use of famotidine for the treatment of children with autistic spectrum disorders warrants further investigation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1574
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6749",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Famotidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6750",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"famotidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
228,
238
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6751",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral famotidine was 2 mg/kg/day ( given in two divided doses ) ; the maximum total daily dose was 100 mg ."
],
"offsets": [
[
546,
652
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6752",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"famotidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
228,
238
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6753",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"behavioral improvement"
],
"offsets": [
[
839,
861
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6754",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"daily diary ; daily visual analogue scales of affection , reciting , or aspects of social interaction"
],
"offsets": [
[
940,
1041
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6755",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Aberrant Behavior Checklists ( ABC , Aman )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1044,
1087
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6756",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Clinical Global Improvement scales"
],
"offsets": [
[
1094,
1128
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6757",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastrointestinal symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
531
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6758",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic spectrum disorders"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
65
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6759",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic spectrum disorders"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
65
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6760",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"9 Caucasian"
],
"offsets": [
[
315,
326
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6761",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"3.8-8.1 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
334,
347
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6762",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"DSM-IV diagnosis of a pervasive developmental disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
361,
415
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6763 | 11465651 | [
{
"id": "6764",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Valsartan alone or with a diuretic or ACE inhibitor as treatment for African American hypertensives : relation to salt intake . Previous clinical trials have demonstrated the important influence of ethnicity and dietary salt on the antihypertensive efficacy of drugs that block the renin angiotensin system . Angiotensin II receptor blockers are a new therapeutic entity that have not been widely studied in African American hypertensives , either alone , or in combination with other therapies such as diuretics or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors . We performed a pilot , prospective , open label , randomized design clinical trial to evaluate the effects of the angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan ( 160 mg once a day ) on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive African Americans ( n = 88 ) on a low salt ( 100 mEq Na+/day ) for 2 weeks and the same diet supplemented by 100 mEq Na+ for 4 weeks . After this evaluation , while continuing the Na+ supplementation , patients were randomized to valsartan 320 mg/day ( n = 28 ) , or the addition of hydrochlorothiazide ( HCTZ ) 12.5 mg/day ( n = 30 ) , or benazepril 20 mg/day to the valsartan 160 mg/day for an additional 6 weeks . Valsartan ( 160 mg/day ) lowered blood pressure significantly in African American patients on both low salt ( -6.4/-4.8 mm Hg : P < .001 ) and a high salt diet ( -4.9/-3.8 mm Hg : P = .01 ) . The high salt diet attenuated the antihypertensive effect slightly ( 1.6/1.3 mm Hg , P = not significant ) . When comparing the efficacy of the three randomized therapeutic regimens while on the Na+ supplement , the valsartan 160 mg/HCTZ 12.5 mg was the most effective therapy with an incremental reduction in blood pressure of -10.5/-6.9 mm Hg ( P < .01 ) , compared to valsartan 160 mg/day alone . Doubling the dose of valsartan to 320 mg incrementally lowered blood pressure by -3.8/-3.3 mm Hg ( P = not significant ) . The least effective approach was adding benazepril 20 mg/day to valsartan 160 mg/day with no incremental reduction in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure reduction of only 1.7 mm Hg ( P = not significant ) . We conclude that in our open label pilot study , the antihypertensive activity of valsartan is not significantly attenuated by supplemented salt diet in hypertensive African Americans . Moreover , adding a low dose of HCTZ appears to be the most effective strategy in enhancing the antihypertensive activity of this angiotensin II receptor blocker in contrast to either doubling the dose or adding an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2593
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6765",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"inhibitor"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6766",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan"
],
"offsets": [
[
673,
714
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6767",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"low salt ( 100 mEq Na+/day ) for 2 weeks and the same diet supplemented by 100 mEq Na+ for 4 weeks"
],
"offsets": [
[
828,
926
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6768",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"randomized to valsartan 320 mg/day ( n = 28 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1010,
1055
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6769",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"addition of hydrochlorothiazide ( HCTZ ) 12.5 mg/day ( n = 30 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1065,
1128
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6770",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"benazepril 20 mg/day to the valsartan 160 mg/day for an additional 6 weeks"
],
"offsets": [
[
1134,
1208
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6771",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"systolic and diastolic blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
740,
777
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6772",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
763,
777
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6773",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"antihypertensive effect"
],
"offsets": [
[
1437,
1460
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6774",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
763,
777
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6775",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
763,
777
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6776",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
2044,
2096
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6777",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"African American hypertensives"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6778",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hypertensive African Americans"
],
"offsets": [
[
781,
811
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6779",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"88"
],
"offsets": [
[
818,
820
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6780",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hypertensive African Americans ."
],
"offsets": [
[
2304,
2336
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6781 | 11472320 | [
{
"id": "6782",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"There are some benefits for eradicating Helicobacter pylori in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia . BACKGROUND The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and non-ulcer dyspepsia is not established . AIM To determine whether eradication of H. pylori might be of benefit in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients . METHODS We randomly assigned 129 H. pylori infected patients with severe epigastric pain , without gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms , to receive twice daily treatment with 300 mg of ranitidine , 1000 mg of amoxicillin , and 500 mg of clarithromycin for 7 days and 124 such patients to receive identical-appearing placebos . RESULTS Treatment was successful ( decrease of symptoms at 12 months ) in 62 % of patients in the active-treatment group and in 60 % of the placebo group ( N.S. ) . At 12 months , the rate of eradication of H. pylori was 69 % in the active-treatment group and 18 % in the placebo group ( P < 0.001 ) . Complete relief of symptoms occurred significantly more frequently in patients on the active treatment ( 43 % ) than in placebo-treated patients ( 31 % , P=0.048 ) . Within the active-treatment group , therapeutic success was significantly more frequent in the non-infected patients ( 84 % vs. 64 % , P=0.04 ) . CONCLUSIONS Although eradicating H. pylori is not likely to relieve symptoms in the majority of patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia , a small proportion of H. pylori-infected patients may benefit from eradication treatment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1476
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6783",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranitidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
498,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6784",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amoxicillin"
],
"offsets": [
[
522,
533
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6785",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clarithromycin"
],
"offsets": [
[
550,
564
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6786",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebos ."
],
"offsets": [
[
629,
639
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6787",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"rate of eradication of H. pylori"
],
"offsets": [
[
824,
856
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6788",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Complete relief of symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
942,
969
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6789",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"therapeutic success"
],
"offsets": [
[
1144,
1163
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6790",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"non-ulcer dyspepsia"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6791",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"non-ulcer dyspepsia"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6792",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"129"
],
"offsets": [
[
343,
346
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6793",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pylori infected"
],
"offsets": [
[
350,
365
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6794",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"severe epigastric pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
380,
402
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6795",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"without gastro-oesophageal reflux"
],
"offsets": [
[
405,
438
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6796",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"124"
],
"offsets": [
[
580,
583
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6797",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"non-infected"
],
"offsets": [
[
1203,
1215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6798",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"non-ulcer dyspepsia"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6799",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pylori-infected"
],
"offsets": [
[
1411,
1426
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6800 | 11476129 | [
{
"id": "6801",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Clomipramine versus haloperidol in the treatment of autistic disorder : a double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover study . Clomipramine , haloperidol , and placebo were compared with baseline in the treatment of autism , and overall outcome , specific symptoms , and side effects were examined . It was hypothesized that clomipramine would be better tolerated than haloperidol and prove superior on a measure of stereotypy . Individuals with a DSM-IV diagnosis of autistic disorder ( mean age , 16.3 years ; range , 10-36 years ) were randomly assigned , by using a Latin square design , to the following 7-week trials : placebo , clomipramine ( mean daily dose , 128.4 mg ; range , 100-150 mg ) , or haloperidol ( mean daily dose , 1.3 mg ; range , 1-1.5 mg ) . Data on 36 subjects were analyzed and taken together ; the results favored haloperidol . In those patients who were able to complete a full therapeutic trial , clomipramine proved comparable to haloperidol in terms of improvement compared with baseline . However , significantly fewer individuals receiving clomipramine versus haloperidol were able to complete the trial ( 37.5 % vs. 69.7 % , respectively ) for reasons related to both side effects and efficacy or behavior problems . In the intent-to-treat sample , which is perhaps more clinically relevant , only haloperidol proved superior to baseline on a global measure of autistic symptom severity , as well as specific measures for irritability and hyperactivity . Clomipramine did not seem more effective on a measure of stereotypy , nor was it better tolerated ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1590
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6802",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clomipramine versus haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6803",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
107
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6804",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clomipramine , haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
128,
154
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6805",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6806",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clomipramine"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6807",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6808",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6809",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clomipramine"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6810",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6811",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol ."
],
"offsets": [
[
843,
856
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6812",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clomipramine"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6813",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6814",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clomipramine"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6815",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6816",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6817",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clomipramine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6818",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"overall outcome"
],
"offsets": [
[
230,
245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6819",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"specific symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
265
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6820",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"side effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
272,
284
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6821",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"improvement"
],
"offsets": [
[
986,
997
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6822",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"side effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
272,
284
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6823",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1221,
1229
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6824",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"behavior problems"
],
"offsets": [
[
1233,
1250
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6825",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"autistic symptom severity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1397,
1422
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6826",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"irritability and hyperactivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1458,
1488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6827",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic disorder :"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6828",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
217,
223
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6829",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"36"
],
"offsets": [
[
524,
526
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6830 | 11485124 | [
{
"id": "6831",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Sulfasalazine decreases acute gastrointestinal complications due to pelvic radiotherapy . BACKGROUND Radiation-induced gastrointestinal toxicity is a significant concern for patients who are treated with this modality for pelvic malignancies . Eicosanoids and free radicals are thought to be among the reasons for this effect . Sulfasalazine is an inhibitor of their synthesis in the mucosa . OBJECTlVE : To determine whether sulfasalazine can reduce the radiation-induced acute gastrointestinal complications . METHODS In this prospective , double-blind study , 31 patients receiving pelvic radiotherapy were randomized to receive two sulfasalazine 500-mg tablets twice daily or placebo , administered orally from the first day of irradiation . Patients were evaluated weekly , and gastrointestinal toxicities were graded according to the Late Effect of Normal Tissue-Subjective Objective Management Analytic ( LENT-SOMA ) toxicity table during pelvic radiotherapy . On the last day of week 5 , the subjects were graded endoscopically , and biopsies taken from the rectum were classified histopathologically . RESULTS Groups did not differ in age , gender , tumor site , or irradiation procedure . During radiotherapy , grade 2 or higher gastrointestinal toxicity occurred in 20 % ( 3/15 ) and 63 % ( 10/16 ) of the sulfasalazine and placebo groups , respectively . This difference was significant ( p = 0.017 ) . No statistically significant differences were found in endoscopic and histopathologic evaluations . CONCLUSIONS Sulfasalazine is effective in decreasing clinically acute gastrointestinal toxicities . Long-term follow-up with the subjects will help to determine the net effect of sulfasalazine on the radiation-induced gastrointestinal injuries ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1760
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6832",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Sulfasalazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6833",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Sulfasalazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6834",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sulfasalazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
426,
439
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6835",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"sulfasalazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
426,
439
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6836",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"500-mg tablets twice daily"
],
"offsets": [
[
650,
676
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6837",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
680,
687
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6838",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastrointestinal toxicities"
],
"offsets": [
[
783,
810
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6839",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Late Effect of Normal Tissue-Subjective Objective Management Analytic ( LENT-SOMA ) toxicity table"
],
"offsets": [
[
840,
938
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6840",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"grade 2 or higher gastrointestinal toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1221,
1264
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6841",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"difference"
],
"offsets": [
[
1372,
1382
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6842",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pelvic malignancies ."
],
"offsets": [
[
222,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6843",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"31"
],
"offsets": [
[
563,
565
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6844",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pelvic radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6845",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"radiation-induced gastrointestinal injuries"
],
"offsets": [
[
1715,
1758
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6846 | 11488317 | [
{
"id": "6847",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison of the acute effects of salbutamol and terbutaline on heart rate variability in adult asthmatic patients . This study investigated the effects of beta2-adrenergic agonist therapy on heart rate variability ( HRV ) in adult asthmatic patients by using frequency domain measures of HRV . A randomized crossover design was used . Twenty adult patients with asthma were studied . All patients showed a mild-to-moderate decrease in baseline forced expiratory volume in one second . Any diseases that might have influenced the autonomic function were excluded . All patients had a complete physical examination and medical history that revealed no cardiovascular disease or medication . The study used 200 microg inhaled salbutamol and 500 microg inhaled terbutaline . HRV analysis was performed for each 5-min segment , 5 min before inhalation of the study drug and 5 , 10 , 15 , 20 , 25 and 30 min after inhalation . Total power ( TP : < 0.40 Hz ) , high-frequency power ( HF : 0.15-0.40 Hz ) , low-frequency power ( LF : 0.04-0.15 Hz ) and LF/HF ratio were calculated . The LF and LF/HF ratio increased and TP decreased at 5 , 10 , 15 and 20 min after the salbutamol and the terbutaline inhalation , HF did not change significantly after the salbutamol and terbutaline inhalation . Acute salbutamol and terbutaline inhalation produce similar effects on heart rate variability and increase sympathetic modulation in the cardiac autonomic activity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1454
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6848",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"salbutamol and terbutaline"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6849",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"beta2-adrenergic"
],
"offsets": [
[
157,
173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6850",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"salbutamol"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6851",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"inhaled terbutaline"
],
"offsets": [
[
751,
770
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6852",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"salbutamol"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6853",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"terbutaline"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6854",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"salbutamol"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6855",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"terbutaline"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6856",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Acute salbutamol and terbutaline inhalation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1289,
1332
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6857",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6858",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate variability"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6859",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate variability ( HRV )"
],
"offsets": [
[
193,
223
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6860",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"forced expiratory volume in one second"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
484
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6861",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Total power"
],
"offsets": [
[
923,
934
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6862",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"( TP : < 0.40 Hz )"
],
"offsets": [
[
935,
953
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6863",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"high-frequency power"
],
"offsets": [
[
956,
976
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6864",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"( HF : 0.15-0.40 Hz )"
],
"offsets": [
[
977,
998
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6865",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"low-frequency power ( LF : 0.04-0.15 Hz )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1001,
1042
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6866",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"LF/HF ratio"
],
"offsets": [
[
1047,
1058
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6867",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"LF and LF/HF ratio"
],
"offsets": [
[
1081,
1099
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6868",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"TP"
],
"offsets": [
[
937,
939
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6869",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"HF"
],
"offsets": [
[
979,
981
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6870",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate variability"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6871",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sympathetic modulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1396,
1418
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6872",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adult"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6873",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"asthmatic"
],
"offsets": [
[
97,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6874",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty"
],
"offsets": [
[
337,
343
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6875 | 11500608 | [
{
"id": "6876",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Does short-term treatment with proton pump inhibitors cause rebound aggravation of symptoms ? BACKGROUND Rebound acid hypersecretion might occur after treatment with proton pump inhibitors . This study looks for a rebound aggravation of symptoms after short-term treatment with lansoprazole . STUDY Sixty-two patients ( 19 men and 43 women ; mean age , 54 years ; range , 32-77 years ) with heartburn and regurgitation and normal upper endoscopy findings were studied in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial with a crossover design . There were two 5-day treatment periods with lansoprazole 60 mg once daily or placebo in random order , separated by a 9-day washout period . Reflux , total , and antacid scores were calculated for each of the treatment periods . Higher scores during the placebo period in the group given lansoprazole first than in the group given placebo first indicated a rebound aggravation of symptoms . RESULTS The mean symptom scores during the placebo period in the groups given lansoprazole first and placebo first were as follows : reflux score , 21.5 and 17.6 , respectively ( not significant ) ; total score , 11.2 and 10.3 , respectively ( not significant ) ; and antacid score , 8.2 and 7.2 , respectively ( not significant ) . CONCLUSIONS There is no indication of a rebound aggravation of symptoms 12 to 14 days after a 5-day treatment with lansoprazole 60 mg once daily in patients with reflux symptoms ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1455
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6877",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"proton pump inhibitors"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6878",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"proton pump inhibitors"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6879",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lansoprazole ."
],
"offsets": [
[
278,
292
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6880",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
519
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6881",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lansoprazole 60 mg once daily"
],
"offsets": [
[
596,
625
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6882",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6883",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6884",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lansoprazole"
],
"offsets": [
[
278,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6885",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6886",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lansoprazole"
],
"offsets": [
[
278,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6887",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Reflux , total , and antacid scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
693,
728
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6888",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptom scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
960,
974
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6889",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"reflux score"
],
"offsets": [
[
1076,
1088
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6890",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"total score"
],
"offsets": [
[
1142,
1153
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6891",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"antacid score"
],
"offsets": [
[
714,
727
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6892",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Sixty-two patients ( 19 men and 43 women ; mean age , 54 years ; range , 32-77 years ) with heartburn and regurgitation and normal upper endoscopy findings"
],
"offsets": [
[
299,
454
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6893",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with reflux symptoms ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1424,
1455
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6894 | 11501687 | [
{
"id": "6895",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Olanzapine versus haloperidol in children with autistic disorder : an open pilot study . OBJECTIVES Conventional neuroleptics ameliorate symptoms in children with autistic disorder ; however , they are known to cause dyskinesias . Atypical neuroleptics , including olanzapine , may have less risk for dyskinesia , but their efficacy in autistic disorder is not established . This study was designed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of open-label olanzapine as a treatment for children with autistic disorder by using haloperidol as a standard comparator treatment . METHOD In a parallel groups design , 12 children with DSM-IV autistic disorder ( mean age 7.8+/-2.1 years ) were randomized to 6 weeks of open treatment with olanzapine or haloperidol . Mean final dosages were 7.9+/-2.5 mg/day for olanzapine and 1.4+/-0.7 mg/day for haloperidol . Outcome measures included the Clinical Global Impressions ( CGI ) and the Children 's Psychiatric Rating Scale ( CPRS ) . RESULTS Both groups had symptom reduction . Five of six in the olanzapine group and three of six in the haloperidol group were rated as responders according to the CGI Improvement item . Subjects showed improvement on the CPRS Autism Factor ( F1,9 = 24.4 , p = .0008 ) . Side effects included drowsiness and weight gain . CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that olanzapine is a promising treatment for children with autistic disorder . Further placebo-controlled and long-term studies of olanzapine in autistic disorder are required ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1512
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6896",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Olanzapine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6897",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6898",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"neuroleptics"
],
"offsets": [
[
113,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6899",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Atypical neuroleptics"
],
"offsets": [
[
231,
252
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6900",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"olanzapine"
],
"offsets": [
[
265,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6901",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6902",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"open treatment with olanzapine"
],
"offsets": [
[
715,
745
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6903",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6904",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"olanzapine"
],
"offsets": [
[
265,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6905",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6906",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"olanzapine"
],
"offsets": [
[
265,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6907",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6908",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"olanzapine"
],
"offsets": [
[
265,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6909",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"olanzapine"
],
"offsets": [
[
265,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6910",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Clinical Global Impressions ( CGI )"
],
"offsets": [
[
888,
923
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6911",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"the Children 's Psychiatric Rating Scale ( CPRS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
928,
977
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6912",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"symptom reduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
1004,
1021
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6913",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"CGI"
],
"offsets": [
[
918,
921
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6914",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"CPRS Autism Factor"
],
"offsets": [
[
1202,
1220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6915",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"drowsiness and weight gain"
],
"offsets": [
[
1273,
1299
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6916",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6917",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
64
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6918",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6919",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic disorder ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
163,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6920",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6921",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
64
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6922",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"DSM-IV autistic disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
631,
655
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6923",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"mean age 7.8+/-2.1 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
658,
682
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6924",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6925",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
64
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6926 | 11508634 | [
{
"id": "6927",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of neighborhood-based community organizing : results from the Seattle Minority Youth Health Project . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a community mobilization and youth development strategy to prevent drug abuse , violence , and risky sexual activity . DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING Primary surveys of youth , parents , and key neighborhood leaders were carried out at baseline ( 1994 ) and at the end of the intervention period ( 1997 ) . The study took place in four intervention and six control neighborhoods in Seattle . STUDY DESIGN The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial with neighborhood as the unit of randomization . The intervention consisted of a paid community organizer in each neighborhood who recruited a group of residents to serve as a community action board . Key variables included perceptions of neighborhood mobilization by youth , parents , and key neighborhood leaders . DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS Youth surveys were self-administered during school hours . Parent and neighborhood leader surveys were conducted over the phone by trained interviewers . PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Survey results showed that mobilization increased to the same degree in both intervention and control neighborhoods with no evidence of an overall intervention effect . There did appear to be a relative increase in mobilization in the neighborhood with the highest level of intervention activity . CONCLUSION This randomized study failed to demonstrate a measurable effect for a community mobilization intervention . It is uncertain whether the negative finding was because of a lack of strength of the interventions or problems detecting intervention effects using individual-level closed-end surveys ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1734
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6928",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"neighborhood-based community organizing"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6929",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"community mobilization and youth development strategy"
],
"offsets": [
[
151,
204
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6930",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"paid community organizer in each neighborhood who recruited a group of residents to serve as a community action board ."
],
"offsets": [
[
687,
806
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6931",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"community mobilization intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
1510,
1545
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6932",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"drug abuse"
],
"offsets": [
[
216,
226
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6933",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"violence"
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
237
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6934",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"risky sexual activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
244,
265
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6935",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"perceptions of neighborhood mobilization"
],
"offsets": [
[
830,
870
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6936",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mobilization"
],
"offsets": [
[
161,
173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6937",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mobilization"
],
"offsets": [
[
161,
173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6938",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"level of intervention activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1396,
1426
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6939",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"mobilization intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
1520,
1545
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6940",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Seattle Minority"
],
"offsets": [
[
73,
89
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6941",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"Youth"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6942",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Health Project"
],
"offsets": [
[
96,
110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6943",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"youth"
],
"offsets": [
[
178,
183
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6944",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"parents"
],
"offsets": [
[
322,
329
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6945",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"six"
],
"offsets": [
[
498,
501
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6946 | 11517983 | [
{
"id": "6947",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison of thiopentone/guaifenesin , ketamine/guaifenesin and ketamine/midazolam for the induction of horses to be anaesthetised with isoflurane . Forty-eight horses subjected to elective surgery were randomly assigned to three groups of 16 horses . After premedication with 0.1 mg/kg acepromazine intramuscularly and 0.6 mg/kg xylazine intravenously , anaesthesia was induced either with 2 g thiopentone in 500 ml of a 10 per cent guaifenesin solution , given intravenously at a dose of 1 ml/kg ( group TG ) , or with 100 mg/kg guaifenesin and 2.2 mg/kg ketamine given intravenously ( group KG ) , or with 0.06 mg/kg midazolam , and 2.2 mg/kg ketamine given intravenously ( group KM ) . Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane . The mean ( sd ) end tidal isoflurane concentration ( per cent ) needed to maintain a light surgical anaesthesia ( stage III , plane 2 ) was significantly lower in group KM ( 0.91 [ 0.03 ] ) than in groups TG ( 1.11 [ 0.03 ] ) and KG ( 1.14 [ 0.03 ] ) . The mean ( sd ) arterial pressure ( mmHg ) was significantly lower in group KG ( 67.4 [ 2.07 ] ) than in groups TC ( 75.6 [ 2.23 ] ) and KM ( 81.0 [ 2.16 ] ) . There were no significant differences in the logarithm of the heart rate , recovery time or quality of recovery between the three induction groups . However , pronounced ataxia was observed in the horses of group KM , especially after periods of anaesthesia lasting less than 75 minutes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1437
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6948",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"thiopentone/guaifenesin , ketamine/guaifenesin and ketamine/midazolam"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6949",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"acepromazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
288,
300
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6950",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"xylazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
331,
339
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6951",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"thiopentone"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6952",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"guaifenesin"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6953",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"guaifenesin and 2.2 mg/kg ketamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
532,
566
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6954",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"midazolam"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6955",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ketamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6956",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isoflurane ."
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
149
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6957",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isoflurane"
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
147
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6958",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Anaesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
691,
702
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6959",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"mean ( sd ) end tidal isoflurane concentration ( per cent )"
],
"offsets": [
[
740,
799
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6960",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"light surgical anaesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
821,
847
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6961",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean ( sd ) arterial pressure ( mmHg )"
],
"offsets": [
[
993,
1031
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6962",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate , recovery time or quality of recovery"
],
"offsets": [
[
1211,
1260
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6963",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"anaesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
356,
367
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6964",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"horses to be anaesthetised with isoflurane"
],
"offsets": [
[
105,
147
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6965",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Forty-eight"
],
"offsets": [
[
150,
161
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6966",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"horses subjected to elective surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
162,
198
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6967 | 11535502 | [
{
"id": "6968",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Relationships between age at diagnosis , clinical features , and outcome of therapy in children treated in the Medical Research Council AML 10 and 12 trials for acute myeloid leukemia . Between May 1988 and June 2000 , 698 children were treated in the Medical Research Council acute myeloid leukemia 10 and 12 trials . The presenting features and outcomes of therapy in these children were compared by age . Although there was no single cutoff in age , younger children were more likely to have intermediate risk and less likely to have favorable cytogenetics ( P < .001 ) , and they had a higher incidence of translocations involving chromosome 11q23 ( P < .001 ) . The distribution of French-American-British ( FAB ) types also varied with age ; FAB types M5 ( P < .001 ) and M7 ( P < .001 ) were more common in early childhood , whereas older children were more likely to have FAB types M0 ( P =.03 ) , M1 ( P =.04 ) , M2 ( P =.005 ) , and M3 ( P < .001 ) . Involvement of the central nervous system at diagnosis was also more common in the youngest children ( P =.01 ) . Younger children had more severe diarrhea ( P =.002 ) , whereas older children had worse nausea and vomiting ( P =.01 ) after chemotherapy . When adjusted for other important factors , complete remission rates were similar ( P =.5 ) and although there was less resistant disease in younger children ( P =.003 ) , this was partially balanced by a slight increase in deaths during induction therapy in younger patients ( P =.06 ) . On multivariate analysis overall survival ( P =.02 ) , event-free survival ( P =.02 ) , and disease-free survival were better ( P =.06 ) in younger children due to a lower relapse rate ( P =.02 ) especially in the bone marrow ( P =.02 ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1743
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6969",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"features and outcomes of"
],
"offsets": [
[
334,
358
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6970",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"in these children were compared by age"
],
"offsets": [
[
367,
405
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6971",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"favorable cytogenetics"
],
"offsets": [
[
537,
559
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6972",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"incidence of translocations involving chromosome 11q23"
],
"offsets": [
[
597,
651
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6973",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"FAB types M5"
],
"offsets": [
[
748,
760
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6974",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"M7"
],
"offsets": [
[
778,
780
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6975",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"FAB types M0"
],
"offsets": [
[
880,
892
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6976",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"M2"
],
"offsets": [
[
922,
924
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6977",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"M3"
],
"offsets": [
[
943,
945
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6978",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"severe diarrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
1101,
1116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6979",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"nausea and vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
1164,
1183
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6980",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"complete remission rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1260,
1284
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6981",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"deaths"
],
"offsets": [
[
1440,
1446
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6982",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1530,
1546
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6983",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"event-free survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1560,
1579
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6984",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"disease-free survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1597,
1618
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6985",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"relapse rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1677,
1689
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6986",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6987",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"treated in the Medical Research Council AML 10 and 12 trials for acute myeloid leukemia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
96,
185
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6988",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"698"
],
"offsets": [
[
219,
222
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6989",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6990",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute myeloid leukemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
161,
183
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6991 | 11536065 | [
{
"id": "6992",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Comparison between anterior rhinomanometry and impulse-oscillometric rhinometry found within nasal allergen provocation ] . UNLABELLED Besides the standard method of anterior rhinomanometry ( aR ) , the impulse-oscillometric rhinometry ( IOS ) is available for measurements of the nasal resistance . The aR is a procedure dependent on the cooperation of the patient , whereas IOS is measured regardless from the breathing activities of the patient . We examined weather the resistance-measurement by means of IOS in comparison to the aR is a more suitable method for nasal allergic provocation . METHOD 17 patients with anamnestic known rhinokonjunktivitis ( 6 f , 11 m ) had a pricktest and then a nasal provocation testing with an allergen which provoked a reaction on the skin . The complete resistance of the nose was measured in a randomized order by means of aR and IOS . RESULTS The complete resistance showed neither in the basic measurement ( aR 0,38 +/- 0,14 kPa/l/s ; IOS 0,38 +/- 0,11 kPa/l/s ) nor in the control solution ( aR 0,38 +/- 0,14 ; IOS 0,39 +/- 0,14 ) nor after application of the allergenic solution ( 15 min : aR 0,69 +/- 0,27 ; IOS 0,77 +/- 0,42 ; 30 min : aR 0,65 +/- 0,29 ; IOS 0,6 +/- 0,38 ) a significant difference between the two methods . The results of the measurement of aR and IOS after the allergenic solution showed a positive correlation ( 15 min : r = 0,63 , p < 0,01 ; 30 min : r = 0,67 , p < 0,01 ) . We found by means of clinic and measurement methods in the aR of 7 patients a positive reaction , within 7 patient a negative reaction , 3 patients had a unspecific nasal hyperreactivity . There was a correspondence in 6 of the 7 patients with positive reaction in aR between both methods . 4 of the 7 results with negative reaction in the aR would have been positive then underlying the same criteria in the IOS without announcing the symptomscore a relevant clinical symptomatic while testing . CONCLUSION IOS is a suitable procedure for nasal provocation testing and provides results similar to the aR . In comparison to aR IOS is not dependent on the patients cooperation . Due to its higher sensitivity the valid limits of the aR at provocation testings can not be transferred to IOS to avoid a false positive reaction ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2271
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "6993",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"anterior rhinomanometry"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6994",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"impulse-oscillometric rhinometry"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6995",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"anterior rhinomanometry ( aR ) , the impulse-oscillometric rhinometry ( IOS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
168,
245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6996",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aR and IOS ."
],
"offsets": [
[
867,
879
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6997",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nasal allergen provocation"
],
"offsets": [
[
95,
121
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6998",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nasal resistance"
],
"offsets": [
[
283,
299
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "6999",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nasal allergic provocation"
],
"offsets": [
[
569,
595
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7000",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"resistance"
],
"offsets": [
[
289,
299
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7001",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"complete resistance"
],
"offsets": [
[
788,
807
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7002",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"measurement of aR and IOS"
],
"offsets": [
[
1294,
1319
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7003",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"unspecific nasal hyperreactivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1600,
1632
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7004",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptomscore"
],
"offsets": [
[
1882,
1894
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7005",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"false positive reaction"
],
"offsets": [
[
2246,
2269
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7006",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"nasal allergen"
],
"offsets": [
[
95,
109
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7007",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"17"
],
"offsets": [
[
605,
607
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7008",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"rhinokonjunktivitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
639,
658
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7009",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"7"
],
"offsets": [
[
606,
607
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7010 | 11545629 | [
{
"id": "7011",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Penetration of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin into the aqueous humor of eyes with functioning filtering blebs : a randomized trial . OBJECTIVE To determine concentrations of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in aqueous humor after topical or combined topical and oral administration in eyes with filtering blebs . DESIGN A prospective , investigator-masked , randomized , controlled comparative study involving 36 eyes of 34 patients with functioning filtering blebs who were to undergo cataract surgery . Treatment groups received either topical ofloxacin or topical ciprofloxacin ( instillation of 0.3 % ophthalmic solution every 30 minutes for 4 hours before surgery ) , or a combined topical plus oral regimen ( ciprofloxacin hydrochloride , four 100-mg tablets , or ofloxacin , one 400-mg tablet , administered 24-26 , 12-14 , and 2 hours preceding surgery ) . The main outcome measure was antibiotic concentration measured by chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry of aqueous samples obtained during surgery . RESULTS Topical antibiotic treatment yielded mean concentrations of ofloxacin , 0.75 microg/mL , and ciprofloxacin , 0.21 microg/mL , in aqueous . With combined topical and oral therapy , significantly more ofloxacin was measured than ciprofloxacin ( 3.84 microg/mL vs 0.35 microg/mL [ P < .001 ] ) . The combination regimen produced significantly greater ofloxacin levels than did topical therapy alone ( P =.007 ) . CONCLUSIONS Ofloxacin penetrates better than ciprofloxacin into the aqueous of eyes with filtering blebs , particularly after combined topical and oral administration , by which ofloxacin reaches more than a 10-fold greater concentration than does ciprofloxacin . Combined topical and oral therapy with ofloxacin may be beneficial in the treatment of bleb-associated infections ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1828
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7012",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7013",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ciprofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7014",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"topical ofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
544,
561
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7015",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"topical ciprofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
565,
586
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7016",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7017",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"( ciprofloxacin hydrochloride , four 100-mg tablets"
],
"offsets": [
[
719,
770
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7018",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ofloxacin , one 400-mg tablet"
],
"offsets": [
[
776,
805
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7019",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7020",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7021",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ciprofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7022",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"topical and oral therapy with ofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
1722,
1761
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7023",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"antibiotic concentration"
],
"offsets": [
[
900,
924
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7024",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"concentrations of ofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
153,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7025",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"greater ofloxacin levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1379,
1403
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7026",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ciprofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7027",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"36 eyes of 34 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
416,
438
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7028 | 11545671 | [
{
"id": "7029",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized effectiveness trial of collaborative care for patients with panic disorder in primary care . BACKGROUND Effectiveness studies have tested interventions to improve quality of care for depression in primary care , but none , to our knowledge , have been completed for panic disorder ( PD ) in this setting . This study sought to test the clinical effectiveness of PD pharmacotherapy embedded in a disease management framework of \" collaborative care \" ( CC ) . METHODS One hundred fifteen patients with PD from 3 primary care clinics were randomized to CC or \" usual care \" ( UC ) . Patients in CC ( n = 57 ) received educational videotapes and pamphlets ; pharmacotherapy with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine ; 2 psychiatrist visits and 2 telephone calls in the first 8 weeks ; and up to 5 telephone calls between 3 and 12 months ' follow-up . Usual care patients ( n = 58 ) were treated by their primary care physician . Telephone assessments of panic , anxiety sensitivity , depression , and disability variables were performed at 3 , 6 , 9 , and 12 months ' follow-up . Adequacy of pharmacotherapy was assessed with an algorithm based on a review of efficacy studies . RESULTS Patients in CC were more likely to receive adequate ( type , dose , duration ) medication and more likely to adhere to this medication at 3 and 6 months . Random regression analyses showed that CC patients improved significantly more over time compared with UC patients on anxiety , depression , and disability measures , with the greatest effects at 3 and 6 months . CONCLUSIONS Compared with UC , CC interventions significantly improved both quality of care and clinical and functional outcomes in primary care PD patients . Clinical differences were greatest in the first 6 months , corresponding to the greater quality of care and the greater intensity of intervention ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1888
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7030",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"collaborative care"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7031",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PD pharmacotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
375,
393
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7032",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CC"
],
"offsets": [
[
465,
467
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7033",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"educational videotapes and pamphlets"
],
"offsets": [
[
629,
665
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7034",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pharmacotherapy with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine"
],
"offsets": [
[
668,
742
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7035",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effectiveness"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7036",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Effectiveness"
],
"offsets": [
[
117,
130
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7037",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"clinical effectiveness"
],
"offsets": [
[
349,
371
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7038",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"panic"
],
"offsets": [
[
73,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7039",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"anxiety sensitivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
989,
1008
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7040",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"depression"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
206
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7041",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"disability variables"
],
"offsets": [
[
1028,
1048
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7042",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Adequacy of pharmacotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1107,
1134
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7043",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"algorithm"
],
"offsets": [
[
1156,
1165
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7044",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"adhere to this medication"
],
"offsets": [
[
1323,
1348
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7045",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"improved"
],
"offsets": [
[
1420,
1428
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7046",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"anxiety"
],
"offsets": [
[
989,
996
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7047",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"depression"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
206
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7048",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"disability measures"
],
"offsets": [
[
1514,
1533
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7049",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"intensity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1861,
1870
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7050",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"panic disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
73,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7051",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"One hundred fifteen"
],
"offsets": [
[
480,
499
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7052",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PD"
],
"offsets": [
[
296,
298
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7053",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PD"
],
"offsets": [
[
296,
298
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7054 | 11547366 | [
{
"id": "7055",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Matched-pair analysis of all-polyethylene versus metal-backed tibial components . Forty-eight matched pairs of osteoarthritic knees from patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty with a round-on-round , Apollo Knee System were studied to evaluate the outcome between all-polyethylene and metal-backed tibial components . Patients were matched for patient factors , preoperative deformities , cruciate salvage or sacrifice , and surgical technique . At the last follow-up ( average , 38.4 months ) , there was no statistically significant difference in terms of knee scores , patient self-assessment , and radiographic outcomes . No component required revision , and no revisions were pending . Maintenance of these results over time would project into better long-term success for all-polyethylene tibial components because of the amount of wear and osteolysis with current modular metal-backed tibial components . We advocate the use of a more cost-effective all-polyethylene tibial component in elderly patients ( > 70 years old ) who are not likely to need the versatility of exchange of a modular polyethylene insert because of wear ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1151
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7056",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"all-polyethylene versus metal-backed tibial components"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7057",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"all-polyethylene and metal-backed tibial components"
],
"offsets": [
[
280,
331
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7058",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"all-polyethylene tibial components"
],
"offsets": [
[
794,
828
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7059",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metal-backed tibial components"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7060",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"all-polyethylene tibial component"
],
"offsets": [
[
794,
827
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7061",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"knee scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
574,
585
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7062",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"patient self-assessment"
],
"offsets": [
[
588,
611
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7063",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"radiographic outcomes"
],
"offsets": [
[
618,
639
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7064",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Forty-eight"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7065",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"osteoarthritic"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7066",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"deformities"
],
"offsets": [
[
391,
402
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7067",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"elderly"
],
"offsets": [
[
1010,
1017
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7068",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"> 70"
],
"offsets": [
[
1029,
1033
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7069 | 11549300 | [
{
"id": "7070",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Dipyridamole in chronic stable angina pectoris ; a randomized , double blind , placebo-controlled , parallel group study . BACKGROUND Oral dipyridamole induces accumulation of endogenous adenosine , which in a hypoxic milieu exerts experimentally an angiogenic effect on coronary collateral circulation . A meta-analysis of 13 randomized placebo-controlled trials published between 1960 and 1992 showed evidence of benefit for dipyridamole in the treatment of angina pectoris , especially with longer duration of treatment . Aim To assess the efficacy and safety of dipyridamole in the treatment of patients with chronic stable angina in a large scale , international , randomized , placebo-controlled , parallel group study . METHODS Four hundred patients with chronic stable angina pectoris and a positive treadmill exercise test were randomized to receive either modified release dipyridamole ( 200 mg b.i.d . p.o. , n=198 ) or corresponding placebo ( n=202 ) , for 24 weeks as an add-on to conventional antianginal therapy and for 4 additional weeks as monotherapy -- the latter after withdrawal of standard treatment with calcium antagonists and/or beta-blockers and/or long-acting ( prophylactic ) nitrates . RESULTS Of the 198 patients randomized to dipyridamole , 134 completed the add-on and only 12 the monotherapy phase . Of the 202 patients randomized to placebo , 162 reached the add-on and only 12 the monotherapy phase . Serious adverse events occurred in 15 patients with dipyridamole and in 12 with placebo ( 7.6 % vs 6.0 , P=0.52 ) . Increase over the baseline treadmill exercise test was similar in the treatment groups at each stage of the trial for all the main efficacy parameters : total treadmill exercise test duration ; time to first anginal pain ( except for a -13 s difference in favour of placebo at week 24 ; P=0.040 ) ; time to ST segment depression > 0.1 mVolt ( except for a +21 s difference in favour of dipyridamole at week 8 ; P=0.024 ; this latter difference was totally attributable to patients with lower exercise tolerance -- Bruce stage II at study entry ) . CONCLUSION In patients with chronic stable angina treated with regular antianginal background medication , the use of oral dipyridamole is safe and well tolerated . Antianginal and antiischaemic efficacy , as assessed by exercise testing , is comparable to placebo , except for a beneficial effect on time to ischaemia after 2 months , totally attributable to patients with lower exercise tolerance at study entry ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2515
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7071",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Dipyridamole"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7072",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dipyridamole"
],
"offsets": [
[
139,
151
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7073",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dipyridamole"
],
"offsets": [
[
139,
151
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7074",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"modified release dipyridamole"
],
"offsets": [
[
866,
895
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7075",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"corresponding placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
931,
952
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7076",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"conventional antianginal therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
994,
1026
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7077",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"withdrawal of standard treatment with calcium antagonists and/or beta-blockers and/or long-acting ( prophylactic ) nitrates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1089,
1212
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7078",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dipyridamole"
],
"offsets": [
[
139,
151
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7079",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
79,
86
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7080",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
543,
562
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7081",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Serious adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1436,
1458
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7082",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Increase over the baseline treadmill exercise test"
],
"offsets": [
[
1552,
1602
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7083",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"total treadmill exercise test duration"
],
"offsets": [
[
1705,
1743
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7084",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"time to first anginal pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
1746,
1772
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7085",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"time to ST segment depression"
],
"offsets": [
[
1851,
1880
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7086",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"safe"
],
"offsets": [
[
556,
560
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7087",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"tolerated"
],
"offsets": [
[
2253,
2262
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7088",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"chronic stable angina pectoris"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7089",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with chronic stable angina in a large scale , international"
],
"offsets": [
[
599,
667
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7090",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Four hundred"
],
"offsets": [
[
735,
747
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7091",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"198"
],
"offsets": [
[
922,
925
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7092",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with chronic stable angina treated with regular antianginal background medication"
],
"offsets": [
[
2114,
2204
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7093 | 11549539 | [
{
"id": "7094",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of antioxidant supplementation on ozone-induced lung injury in human subjects . To determine whether antioxidants can influence human susceptibility to ozone ( O ( 3 ) ) -induced changes in lung function and airway inflammation , we placed 31 healthy nonsmoking adults ( 18 to 35 yr old ) on a diet low in ascorbate for 3 wk . At 1 wk , subjects were exposed to filtered air for 2 h while exercising ( 20 L/min/m ( 2 ) ) , and then underwent bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) and were randomly assigned to receive either a placebo or 250 mg of vitamin C , 50 IU of alpha-tocopherol , and 12 oz of vegetable cocktail daily for 2 wk . Subjects were then exposed to 0.4 ppm O ( 3 ) for 2 h and underwent a second BAL . On the day of the O ( 3 ) exposure , supplemented subjects were found to have significantly increased levels of plasma ascorbate , tocopherols , and carotenoids as compared with those of the placebo group . Pulmonary function testing showed that O ( 3 ) -induced reductions in FEV ( 1 ) and FVC were 30 % and 24 % smaller , respectively , in the supplemented cohort . In contrast , the inflammatory response to O ( 3 ) inhalation , as represented by the percent neutrophils and the concentration of interleukin-6 recovered in the BAL fluid at 1 h after O ( 3 ) exposure was not different for the two groups . These data suggest that dietary antioxidants protect against O ( 3 ) -induced pulmonary function decrements in humans ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1448
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7095",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"antioxidant supplementation"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7096",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"antioxidants"
],
"offsets": [
[
108,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7097",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"diet low in ascorbate"
],
"offsets": [
[
301,
322
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7098",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"filtered air for 2 h while exercising ( 20 L/min/m ( 2 ) )"
],
"offsets": [
[
369,
427
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7099",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL )"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7100",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
527,
534
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7101",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"250 mg of vitamin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
538,
557
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7102",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"50 IU of alpha-tocopherol"
],
"offsets": [
[
560,
585
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7103",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vegetable cocktail daily for 2 wk"
],
"offsets": [
[
601,
634
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7104",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"BAL"
],
"offsets": [
[
474,
477
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7105",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dietary antioxidants"
],
"offsets": [
[
1353,
1373
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7106",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lung function"
],
"offsets": [
[
197,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7107",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"airway inflammation"
],
"offsets": [
[
215,
234
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7108",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of plasma ascorbate , tocopherols , and carotenoids"
],
"offsets": [
[
822,
880
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7109",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"O ( 3 ) -induced reductions in FEV ( 1 ) and FVC"
],
"offsets": [
[
966,
1014
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7110",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"inflammatory response to O ( 3 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1106,
1138
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7111",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"percent neutrophils and the concentration of interleukin-6"
],
"offsets": [
[
1174,
1232
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7112",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"O ( 3 ) -induced pulmonary function"
],
"offsets": [
[
1390,
1425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7113",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ozone-induced lung injury in human subjects ."
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
86
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7114",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"31"
],
"offsets": [
[
247,
249
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7115 | 11550726 | [
{
"id": "7116",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Is psychotherapy more effective when therapists disclose information about themselves ? Theorists have long debated the wisdom of therapists disclosing personal information during psychotherapy . Some observers have argued that such therapist self-disclosure impedes treatment , whereas others have suggested that it enhances the effectiveness of therapy . To test these competing positions , therapists at a university counseling center were instructed to increase the number of self-disclosures they made during treatment of one client and refrain from making self-disclosures during treatment of another client . Analyses revealed that clients receiving psychotherapy under conditions of heightened therapist disclosure not only reported lower levels of symptom distress but also liked their therapist more . Such findings suggest that self-disclosure by the therapist may improve both the quality of the therapeutic relationship and the outcome of treatment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
963
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7117",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"psychotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
3,
16
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7118",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"psychotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
3,
16
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7119",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"increase the number of self-disclosures"
],
"offsets": [
[
457,
496
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7120",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
267,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7121",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"refrain from making self-disclosures during treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
542,
595
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7122",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"psychotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
3,
16
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7123",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"therapist disclosure"
],
"offsets": [
[
702,
722
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7124",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"disclosing personal information"
],
"offsets": [
[
141,
172
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7125",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effectiveness of therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
330,
356
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7126",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"lower levels of symptom distress"
],
"offsets": [
[
741,
773
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7127",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"liked their therapist more ."
],
"offsets": [
[
783,
811
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7128",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of the therapeutic relationship"
],
"offsets": [
[
893,
932
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7129",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"and the outcome of treatment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
933,
963
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7130",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"therapists"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7131 | 11554235 | [
{
"id": "7132",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison of tropisetron and granisetron in the control of nausea and vomiting in children receiving combined cancer chemotherapy . Tropisetron and granisetron are selective serotonin ( 5-HT3 ) antagonists that have been proven effective in the prevention of nausea and vomiting in adults and children receiving cancer chemotherapy . This prospective , randomised study was designed to compare the efficacy of the two agents in the prevention of vomiting and nausea in children receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy for various malignancies . A total of 51 children ( mean age : 7.7 +/- 4.8 year ) were studied in 133 chemotherapy cycles . In 66 chemotherapy cycles , the children received tropisetron as an antiemetic agent in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/24 h intravenously and , in 67 cycles , they received granisetron 40 micrograms/kg/24 h intravenously before cytotoxic drug administration during the days they received chemotherapy . The response per 24 h of chemotherapy was defined as complete ( no nausea and vomiting ) , partial ( 1-4 events of vomiting and/or nausea ) , and failure ( more than 4 events of vomiting and/or nausea ) . Efficacy of antiemetic therapy was evaluated as acute ( Day 1 ) and overall was based on the worst day during the chemotherapy . Complete control of acute vomiting was achieved in 74 % of tropisetron and 88 % of granisetron patients ( P = 0.04 ) , and complete control of acute nausea in 56 % and 82 % respectively ( p = 0.002 ) . Overall response by means of complete control of both vomiting and nausea during the whole therapy period was 29 % of tropisetron group and 55 % of granisetron group ( p = 0.007 ) . The statistical analysis ( depending on the emetogenicity of the chemotherapy cycles ) showed increased efficacy of granisetron in highly ( grade 3 ) emetogenic chemotherapy cycles ( p = 0.002 ) , whereas there was no difference in the very highly emetogenic cycles ( p = 0.7 ) . Also , granisetron was found to be more effective than tropisetron , especially in patients heavier than 25 kg ( p = 0.02 ) . The adverse reactions were few and mild . There were no differences in the tolerability of the two antiemetic therapy modalities . In conclusion , granisetron was found to be more effective than tropisetron in controlling nausea and vomiting in children receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy . This increased antiemetic efficacy of ganisetron might have been related to maximal dose differences according to body weight ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2484
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7133",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tropisetron and granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7134",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Tropisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7135",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7136",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tropisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7137",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7138",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
118,
130
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7139",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
131,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7140",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tropisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7141",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7142",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tropisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7143",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7144",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7145",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tropisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7146",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7147",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ganisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
2395,
2405
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7148",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"nausea and vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7149",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"nausea"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7150",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7151",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"vomiting and nausea"
],
"offsets": [
[
447,
466
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7152",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Complete control of acute vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
1270,
1304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7153",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"acute nausea"
],
"offsets": [
[
1413,
1425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7154",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Overall response"
],
"offsets": [
[
1472,
1488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7155",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7156",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"nausea"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7157",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effective"
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
238
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7158",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse reactions"
],
"offsets": [
[
2064,
2081
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7159",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"tolerability"
],
"offsets": [
[
2135,
2147
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7160",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"nausea"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7161",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7162",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"antiemetic efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
2372,
2391
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7163",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"body weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
2471,
2482
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7164",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7165",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
130
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7166",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
283,
289
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7167",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7168",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
130
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7169",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7170",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"highly emetogenic chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
489,
519
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7171",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"malignancies"
],
"offsets": [
[
532,
544
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7172",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"51"
],
"offsets": [
[
558,
560
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7173",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"7.7 +/- 4.8 year"
],
"offsets": [
[
583,
599
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7174",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7175",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"highly emetogenic chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
489,
519
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7176 | 11554438 | [
{
"id": "7177",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Dose dependent pharmacokinetics of theophylline : Michaelis-Menten parameters for its major metabolic pathways . Dose Dependency for pharmacokinetics of theophylline and the formation of its major metabolites , 3-methylxanthine ( 3-MX ) ; 1-methyluric acid ( 1-MU ) ; 1,3-dimethyluric acid ( DMU ) , were examined by administering three single oral doses ( 250 , 375 , 500 mg ) of theophylline to six healthy adult volunteers . The serum and urine concentrations of theophylline and the metabolites in serum and urine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography . Total clearance of theophylline decreased and its half life increased over the range of doses administered ( p < 0.01 ) . There was a significant dose related decrease in the fractional recovery of 3-MX and 1-MU ( p < 0.001 ) and a dose related increase in fractional excretion of DMU and unchanged theophylline ( p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 respectively ) . No significant dose related changes were observed in the renal clearance of 3-MX , 1-MU and DMU , indicating linear urinary excretion kinetics of the metabolites . Theophylline metabolic clearance to 3-MX as well as to 1-MU decreased with increasing dose but clearance to DMU remained unnaffected by the size of dose . The individual Michaelis-Menten parameters Km and Vmax were estimated for six subjects receiving three different single doses . The Km values for theophylline metabolism to 3-MX , 1-MU and DMU were 2.4+/-0.6 , 5.1+/-1.8+/- and 112.3+/-36.8 mg/L respectively and the Vmax values were 3.5+/-0.7 , 7.5+/-2.6 and 112.3+/-36.8 mg/hr respectively . The Km values for the N-demethylation pathways ( 3MX and 1-MU ) were lower corresponding to therapeutic serum concentrations of drug . These results suggest that the elimination kinetics of theophylline is nonlinear in the human in the therapeutic range of serum concenntrations and can be explained by saturable formation kinetics of 3-MX and 1-MU . In contrast to previous studies we did n't find obvious indication for nonlinear formation of DMU at therapeutic concentration range ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2079
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7178",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"theophylline"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7179",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"theophylline"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7180",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"theophylline"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7181",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"theophylline"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7182",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Theophylline"
],
"offsets": [
[
1096,
1108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7183",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"theophylline"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7184",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"theophylline"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7185",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Total clearance"
],
"offsets": [
[
578,
593
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7186",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"fractional excretion of DMU"
],
"offsets": [
[
835,
862
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7187",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"renal clearance of 3-MX"
],
"offsets": [
[
989,
1012
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7188",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"1-MU"
],
"offsets": [
[
259,
263
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7189",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"DMU"
],
"offsets": [
[
292,
295
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7190",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Theophylline metabolic clearance to 3-MX"
],
"offsets": [
[
1096,
1136
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7191",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Michaelis-Menten parameters Km and Vmax"
],
"offsets": [
[
1266,
1305
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7192",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Km values for theophylline metabolism to 3-MX"
],
"offsets": [
[
1383,
1428
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7193",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"1-MU"
],
"offsets": [
[
259,
263
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7194",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"DMU"
],
"offsets": [
[
292,
295
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7195",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Vmax values"
],
"offsets": [
[
1517,
1528
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7196",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Km values for the N-demethylation pathways ( 3MX and 1-MU )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1598,
1657
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7197",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum concenntrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1851,
1872
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7198",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"six"
],
"offsets": [
[
397,
400
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7199",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adult"
],
"offsets": [
[
409,
414
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7200 | 11561265 | [
{
"id": "7201",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Epidural analgesia compared with intravenous morphine patient-controlled analgesia : postoperative outcome measures after mastectomy with immediate TRAM flap breast reconstruction . BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Epidural analgesia has been shown to provide superior pain control compared with intravenous ( IV ) opioids after major surgical procedures . In this study , we compared the effect of epidural analgesia and IV morphine patient-controlled analgesia ( PCA ) on pain relief , duration of hospitalization , oral nutrition , ambulation , and side effects in patients undergoing a major surgical procedure ( i.e. , unilateral mastectomy with immediate transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap reconstruction ) . METHODS Eighteen patients were prospectively randomized to receive either epidural analgesia or PCA during the postoperative period . The intensity of pain was assessed daily by a 100-mm visual analog scale . The total length of hospital stay , time to ambulation , and time to oral nutrition were recorded . RESULTS The epidural group had significantly lower pain scores at 3 evaluation times through postoperative day number 4 ( P < .05 ) . The total length of hospitalization for the epidural group ( median , 101 hours ) was significantly less than the PCA group ( median , 126 hours ; P = .0498 ) . The time to first ambulation , time to first bowel sounds , time to tolerating oral nutrition , incidence of nausea/vomiting or pruritus , and time to first flatus were not statistically different between the groups . CONCLUSIONS These results show that epidural analgesia compared with PCA offered improved pain control after breast reconstruction with immediate transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap reconstruction . It also resulted in a 25-hour reduction in time of hospitalization ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1826
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7202",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Epidural analgesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
18
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7203",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intravenous morphine"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7204",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"patient-controlled analgesia ( PCA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
427,
463
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7205",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"epidural analgesia or PCA"
],
"offsets": [
[
797,
822
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7206",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"intensity of pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
861,
878
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7207",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"total length of hospital stay"
],
"offsets": [
[
936,
965
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7208",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time to ambulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
968,
986
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7209",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time to oral nutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
993,
1015
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7210",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"pain scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
1083,
1094
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7211",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"total length of hospitalization"
],
"offsets": [
[
1170,
1201
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7212",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time to first ambulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1331,
1355
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7213",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time to first bowel sounds"
],
"offsets": [
[
1358,
1384
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7214",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time to tolerating oral nutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
1387,
1420
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7215",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"incidence of nausea/vomiting or pruritus"
],
"offsets": [
[
1423,
1463
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7216",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time to first flatus"
],
"offsets": [
[
1470,
1490
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7217",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"mastectomy with immediate TRAM flap breast reconstruction"
],
"offsets": [
[
122,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7218",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"major surgical procedure ( i.e."
],
"offsets": [
[
583,
614
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7219",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"unilateral mastectomy with immediate transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap reconstruction ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
617,
722
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7220",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Eighteen"
],
"offsets": [
[
731,
739
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7221 | 11570022 | [
{
"id": "7222",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized intervention to improve ongoing participation in mammography . OBJECTIVE To test the effectiveness of interventions intended to increase rates of regular breast cancer screening , according to recommended guidelines . STUDY DESIGN A randomized controlled trial of 2 outreach interventions ( a mail reminder and a telephone reminder plus appointment scheduling ) compared with a routine publicity campaign to encourage continued participation in mammography screening . PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Participants were 1908 women aged 50 to 75 years continuously enrolled in a large group-model HMO during the study who underwent a bilateral mammogram during the first quarter of 1994 and no subsequent mammogram during the next 18 to 21 months . Data were obtained from health plan administrative data files supplemented by medical chart review . Women were randomly assigned to receive ( 1 ) a mail reminder , ( 2 ) a telephone reminder , or ( 3 ) routine publicity on mammography for all women . The outcome measure was a mammogram received after the intervention period and within 2 years of the initial mammogram date . RESULTS Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses showed that participation was significantly higher for women contacted by telephone than through routine publicity . Mail reminders were no more effective than a routine publicity campaign . Primary care physician and gynecologist visits increased the likelihood of a subsequent mammogram for women in all intervention groups . CONCLUSIONS Telephone contact by regular health plan staff was more successful than publicity in encouraging continued participation in mammography screening in women enrolled in a group-model managed health care plan . Because mailings did not influence participation in mammography screening , health plans should be cautious about investing in member mailings without first evaluating their effectiveness in the context of existing outreach efforts ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1968
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7223",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"interventions intended"
],
"offsets": [
[
115,
137
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7224",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"outreach interventions ( a mail reminder and a telephone reminder plus appointment scheduling )"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
374
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7225",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"routine publicity campaign"
],
"offsets": [
[
391,
417
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7226",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"mammography"
],
"offsets": [
[
62,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7227",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"a mail reminder , ( 2 ) a telephone reminder , or ( 3 ) routine publicity on mammography for all women ."
],
"offsets": [
[
900,
1004
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7228",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"routine publicity campaign ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1349,
1377
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7229",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Telephone contact"
],
"offsets": [
[
1527,
1544
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7230",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"ongoing participation in mammography"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7231",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"rates of regular breast cancer screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
150,
190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7232",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"continued participation in mammography screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
431,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7233",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mammogram received after the intervention period and within 2 years of the initial mammogram date"
],
"offsets": [
[
1031,
1128
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7234",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"subsequent mammogram"
],
"offsets": [
[
698,
718
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7235",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mammography screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
458,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7236",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mammography screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
458,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7237 | 11570966 | [
{
"id": "7238",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Benefit of FSH priming of women with PCOS to the in vitro maturation procedure and the outcome : a randomized prospective study . The aim of this study was to determine whether the rates of in vitro oocyte maturation , fertilization and cleavage , as well as implantation rate and pregnancy rate , could be improved by low-dose priming with FSH in vivo before retrieval of immature oocytes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) . From March 1998 to June 2000 , a total of 28 women underwent 36 completed treatment cycles , randomized sequentially in one of two groups . Women in group 1 ( n = 12 cycles ) received no stimulation and women in group 2 ( n = 24 cycles ) received 150 iu recombinant FSH day ( -1 ) for 3 days , initiated on day 3 after menstruation . Aspiration was performed transvaginally between day 9 and day 17 in the unstimulated group and on day 8 or day 9 in the FSH-primed group after FSH deprivation for 2 or 3 days . All cumulus-enclosed oocytes of healthy appearance were matured in culture medium ( TCM-199 ) in vitro for 28-36 h before intracytoplasmic sperm injection ( ICSI ) . After oocyte retrieval the women were given oestradiol ( 6 mg day ( -1 ) ) and progesterone administration ( 300 mg day ( -1 ) ) was initiated 2 days later . Suitable embryos ( maximum two embryos ) were transferred on day 3 after ICSI . The percentage of oocytes reaching metaphase II was significantly higher ( P < 0.05 ) in the FSH-primed group ( 59 % , 92/156 ) compared with the non-primed group ( 44 % , 36/81 ) . There were no significant differences in the rates of oocyte fertilization and cleavage between these groups . No pregnancies were obtained in group 1 ( 0 % , 0/12 ) , whereas seven clinical pregnancies were obtained in group 2 ( 29 % , 7/24 ) ( P < 0.05 ) . In group 2 , 37 embryo transfers resulted in eight implantations ( 21.6 % ) . Three healthy singleton children have been born at term ; the remaining pregnancies ended with spontaneous abortions in the first trimester . These results indicate that priming with recombinant FSH before harvesting of immature oocytes from patients with PCOS may improve the maturational potential of the oocytes and the implantation rate of the cleaved embryos ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2243
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7239",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"FSH priming"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
22
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7240",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"FSH"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7241",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"no stimulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
628,
642
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7242",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"recombinant FSH"
],
"offsets": [
[
698,
713
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7243",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"rates of in vitro oocyte maturation"
],
"offsets": [
[
181,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7244",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fertilization"
],
"offsets": [
[
219,
232
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7245",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cleavage"
],
"offsets": [
[
237,
245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7246",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"implantation rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
259,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7247",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pregnancy rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
281,
295
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7248",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"percentage of oocytes reaching metaphase II"
],
"offsets": [
[
1363,
1406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7249",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"rates of oocyte fertilization and cleavage"
],
"offsets": [
[
1586,
1628
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7250",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pregnancies"
],
"offsets": [
[
1655,
1666
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7251",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"clinical pregnancies"
],
"offsets": [
[
1723,
1743
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7252",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"implantations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1851,
1864
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7253",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"healthy singleton children"
],
"offsets": [
[
1884,
1910
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7254",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"born"
],
"offsets": [
[
1921,
1925
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7255",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"spontaneous abortions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1973,
1994
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7256",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"maturational potential of the oocytes and the implantation rate of the cleaved embryos"
],
"offsets": [
[
2155,
2241
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7257",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7258",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PCOS"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7259",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
407,
443
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7260",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"28"
],
"offsets": [
[
486,
488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7261",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7262",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PCOS"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7263 | 11579299 | [
{
"id": "7264",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Induction versus noninduction in renal transplant recipients with tacrolimus-based immunosuppression . BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of induction treatment with antithymocyte globulins ( ATG ) followed by tacrolimus therapy with immediate tacrolimus therapy in renal transplant recipients . METHODS This 12-month , open , prospective study was conducted in 15 centers in France and 1 center in Belgium ; 309 patients were randomized to receive either induction therapy with ATG ( n=151 ) followed by initiation of tacrolimus on day 9 or immediate tacrolimus-based triple therapy ( n=158 ) . In both study arms , the initial daily tacrolimus dose was 0.2 mg/kg . Steroid boluses were given in the first 2 days and tapered thereafter from 20 mg/day to 5 mg/day . Azathioprine was administered at 1-2 mg/kg per day . RESULTS At month 12 , biopsy-confirmed acute rejections were reported for 15.2 % ( induction ) and 30.4 % ( noninduction ) of patients ( P=0.001 ) . The incidence of steroid-sensitive acute rejections was 7.9 % ( induction ) and 22.2 % ( noninduction ) ( P=0.001 ) . Steroid-resistant acute rejections were reported for 8.6 % ( induction ) and 8.9 % ( noninduction ) of patients . A total of nine patients died . Patient survival and graft survival at month 12 was similar in both treatment groups ( 97.4 % vs. 96.8 % and 92.1 % vs. 91.1 % , respectively ) . Statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse events were found for cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection ( induction , 32.5 % vs. noninduction , 19.0 % , P=0.009 ) , leukopenia ( 37.3 % vs. 9.5 % , P < 0.001 ) , fever ( 25.2 % vs. 10.1 % , P=0.001 ) , herpes simplex ( 17.9 % vs. 5.7 % , P=0.001 ) , and thrombocytopenia ( 11.3 % vs. 3.2 % , P=0.007 ) . In the induction group , serum sickness was observed in 10.6 % of patients . The incidence of new onset diabetes mellitus was 3.4 % ( induction ) and 4.5 % ( noninduction ) . CONCLUSION Low incidences of acute rejection were found in both treatment arms . Induction treatment with ATG has the advantage of a lower incidence of acute rejection , but it significantly increases adverse events , particularly CMV infection ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2207
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7265",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"noninduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7266",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"antithymocyte globulins ( ATG )"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
234
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7267",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tacrolimus"
],
"offsets": [
[
66,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7268",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"induction therapy with ATG"
],
"offsets": [
[
493,
519
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7269",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tacrolimus"
],
"offsets": [
[
66,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7270",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tacrolimus-based triple therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
589,
620
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7271",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tacrolimus"
],
"offsets": [
[
66,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7272",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Steroid boluses"
],
"offsets": [
[
704,
719
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7273",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Azathioprine"
],
"offsets": [
[
803,
815
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7274",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ATG"
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
232
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7275",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
155,
174
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7276",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"biopsy-confirmed acute rejections"
],
"offsets": [
[
878,
911
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7277",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"incidence of steroid-sensitive acute rejections"
],
"offsets": [
[
1009,
1056
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7278",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Steroid-resistant acute rejections"
],
"offsets": [
[
1123,
1157
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7279",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"died . Patient survival and graft survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1262,
1304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7280",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"incidence of adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1460,
1487
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7281",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection"
],
"offsets": [
[
1503,
1536
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7282",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"leukopenia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1598,
1608
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7283",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"fever"
],
"offsets": [
[
1644,
1649
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7284",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"herpes simplex"
],
"offsets": [
[
1684,
1698
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7285",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"thrombocytopenia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1736,
1752
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7286",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum sickness"
],
"offsets": [
[
1811,
1825
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7287",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"new onset diabetes mellitus"
],
"offsets": [
[
1880,
1907
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7288",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1473,
1487
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7289",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"renal transplant recipients with tacrolimus-based immunosuppression"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
100
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7290",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"renal transplant recipients"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7291",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"309 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
458
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7292 | 11595000 | [
{
"id": "7293",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Safety and efficacy of PNU-142633 , a selective 5-HT1D agonist , in patients with acute migraine . In this randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , parallel-group study , patients received a single 50-mg oral dose of a 5-HT ( 1D ) agonist , PNU-142633 ( n = 34 ) , or matching placebo ( n = 35 ) during an acute migraine attack . No statistically significant treatment effects were observed at 1 and 2 h after dosing , even after stratifying by baseline headache intensity . At 1 and 2 h post-dose , 8.8 % and 29.4 % of the PNU-142633 group , respectively , and 8.6 % and 40.0 % of the placebo group , respectively , experienced headache relief ; 2.9 % and 8.8 % of the PNU-142633 group and 0 % and 5.7 % of the placebo group were free of headache pain . Adverse events associated with PNU-142633 treatment included chest pain ( two patients ) and QTc prolongation ( three patients ) . Results from this study suggest that anti-migraine efficacy is not mediated solely through the 5-HT ( 1D ) receptor subtype , although this receptor may contribute , at least in part , to the adverse cardiovascular effects observed with 5-HT agonist medications ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1157
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7294",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PNU-142633 , a selective 5-HT1D agonist"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
62
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7295",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"matching placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
276,
292
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7296",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PNU-142633"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7297",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"5-HT agonist"
],
"offsets": [
[
1131,
1143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7298",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"headache relief"
],
"offsets": [
[
637,
652
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7299",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"free of headache pain ."
],
"offsets": [
[
739,
762
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7300",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
763,
777
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7301",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"chest pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
824,
834
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7302",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"QTc prolongation"
],
"offsets": [
[
856,
872
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7303",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute migraine"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7304",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute migraine"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7305 | 11683484 | [
{
"id": "7306",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Caffeine eliminates psychomotor vigilance deficits from sleep inertia . STUDY OBJECTIVES This study sought to establish the effects of caffeine on sleep inertia , which is the ubiquitous phenomenon of cognitive performance impairment , grogginess and tendency to return to sleep immediately after awakening . DESIGN 28 normal adult volunteers were administered sustained low-dose caffeine or placebo ( randomized double-blind ) during the last 66 hours of an 88-hour period of extended wakefulness that included seven 2-hour naps during which polysomnographical recordings were made . Every 2 hours of wakefulness , and immediately after abrupt awakening from the naps , psychomotor vigilance performance was tested . SETTING N/A . PARTICIPANTS N/A . INTERVENTIONS N/A . MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS In the placebo condition , sleep inertia was manifested as significantly impaired psychomotor vigilance upon awakening from the naps . This impairment was absent in the caffeine condition . Caffeine had only modest effects on nap sleep . CONCLUSIONS Caffeine was efficacious in overcoming sleep inertia . This suggests a reason for the popularity of caffeine-containing beverages after awakening . Caffeine 's main mechanism of action on the central nervous system is antagonism of adenosine receptors . Thus , increased adenosine in the brain upon awakening may be the cause of sleep inertia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1390
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7307",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Caffeine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7308",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"caffeine"
],
"offsets": [
[
135,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7309",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"low-dose caffeine"
],
"offsets": [
[
371,
388
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7310",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
392,
399
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7311",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
392,
399
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7312",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Caffeine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7313",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychomotor vigilance deficits"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7314",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"sleep inertia"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7315",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychomotor vigilance performance"
],
"offsets": [
[
671,
704
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7316",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"sleep inertia"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7317",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychomotor vigilance"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7318",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"nap sleep"
],
"offsets": [
[
1022,
1031
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7319",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"sleep inertia"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7320",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"sleep inertia"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7321",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"sleep inertia"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7322 | 11683967 | [
{
"id": "7323",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Equivalent efficacy of mitomycin C plus doxorubicin instillation to bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for carcinoma in situ of the bladder . BACKGROUND To elucidate the most efficient topical therapy for carcinoma in situ of the bladder , the efficacy of intravesical mitomycin C plus doxorubicin therapy was compared with bacillus Calmette-Guerin ( BCG ) therapy . The clinical behavior of the tumor was analysed according to the histological grade . METHODS Forty-two patients with carcinoma in situ of the bladder were randomized to intravesical BCG ( 21 patients ) or mitomycin C plus doxorubicin sequential therapy ( 21 patients ) as first line treatment . The non-responders underwent the subsequent instillation of the other intravesical therapy alternately . Of the patients , 27 had grade 2 and 15 had grade 3 cancer . RESULTS Both topical therapies were equally effective with initial response rates of 86 % ( 18/21 ) for BCG and 81 % ( 17/21 ) for mitomycin C plus doxorubicin , irrespective of the tumor grade . Of seven initial non-responders , five patients achieved a complete response by subsequent instillation , resulting in a total response rate of 95 % . After a mean follow-up of 47 months , five patients ( 12 % ) developed disease progression . The progression rates were not different between the topical therapies , but were significantly higher in grade 3 than in grade 2 cases . CONCLUSION It appears likely that mitomycin C plus doxorubicin instillation has an equivalent efficacy to BCG as the initial therapy of carcinoma in situ and the combination of them would be the most efficient treatment for the disease . Moreover , histological grading would be clinically useful in defining the tumor characteristics and behavior of carcinoma in situ of the bladder ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1790
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7324",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"mitomycin C plus doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7325",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intravesical BCG"
],
"offsets": [
[
535,
551
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7326",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"mitomycin C plus doxorubicin sequential therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
571,
618
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7327",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7328",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
894,
908
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7329",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"total response rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1144,
1163
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7330",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"disease progression"
],
"offsets": [
[
1245,
1264
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7331",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"progression rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1271,
1288
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7332",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy to BCG"
],
"offsets": [
[
1499,
1514
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7333",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"carcinoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
105,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7334 | 11691515 | [
{
"id": "7335",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Potentiation of bradykinin-induced tissue plasminogen activator release by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition . OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) inhibition on the local stimulated release of tissue plasminogen activator ( t-PA ) from the endothelium . BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy may exert a beneficial effect on the endogenous fibrinolytic balance . METHODS Blood flow and plasma fibrinolytic factors were measured in both forearms of eight healthy males who received unilateral brachial artery infusions of the endothelium-dependent vasodilators substance P ( 2 to 8 pmol/min ) and bradykinin ( 100 to 1,000 pmol/min ) , and the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside ( 2 to 8 microg/min ) . These measurements were performed on each of three occasions following one week of matched placebo , quinapril 40 mg or losartan 50 mg daily administered in a double-blind randomized crossover design . RESULTS Sodium nitroprusside , substance P and bradykinin produced dose-dependent increases in the blood flow of infused forearm ( analysis of variance [ ANOVA ] , p < 0.001 for all ) . Although sodium nitroprusside did not affect plasma t-PA concentrations , they were increased dose-dependently in the infused forearm by substance P and bradykinin infusion ( ANOVA , p < 0.001 for both ) . Bradykinin-induced release of active t-PA was more than doubled during treatment with quinapril in comparison to placebo or losartan ( two-way ANOVA : p < 0.003 for treatment group , p < 0.001 for t-PA response and p = ns for interaction ) , whereas the substance P response was unaffected . CONCLUSIONS We have shown a selective and marked augmentation of bradykinin-induced t-PA release during ACE inhibition . These findings suggest that the beneficial clinical and vascular effects of ACE inhibition may , in part , be mediated through local augmentation of bradykinin-induced t-PA release ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2014
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7336",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
345,
392
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7337",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"endothelium-dependent vasodilators substance P"
],
"offsets": [
[
626,
672
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7338",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bradykinin"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7339",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside"
],
"offsets": [
[
744,
800
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7340",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
916,
923
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7341",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"quinapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
926,
935
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7342",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"losartan"
],
"offsets": [
[
945,
953
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7343",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"quinapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
926,
935
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7344",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
916,
923
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7345",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"losartan"
],
"offsets": [
[
945,
953
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7346",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Blood flow and plasma fibrinolytic factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
472,
514
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7347",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increases in the blood flow"
],
"offsets": [
[
1109,
1136
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7348",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma t-PA concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1258,
1284
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7349",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"release of active t-PA"
],
"offsets": [
[
1438,
1460
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7350",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"substance P response was unaffected"
],
"offsets": [
[
1673,
1708
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7351 | 11691528 | [
{
"id": "7352",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Carotid sinus syndrome : a modifiable risk factor for nonaccidental falls in older adults ( SAFE PACE ) . OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to determine whether cardiac pacing reduces falls in older adults with cardioinhibitory carotid sinus hypersensitivity ( CSH ) . BACKGROUND Cardioinhibitory carotid sinus syndrome causes syncope , and symptoms respond to cardiac pacing . There is circumstantial evidence for an association between falls and the syndrome . METHODS A randomized controlled trial was done of consecutive older patients ( > 50 years ) attending an accident and emergency facility because of a non-accidental fall . Patients were randomized to dual-chamber pacemaker implant ( paced patients ) or standard treatment ( controls ) . The primary outcome was the number of falls during one year of follow-up . RESULTS One hundred seventy-five eligible patients ( mean age 73 +/- 10 years ; 60 % women ) were randomized to the trial : pacemaker 87 ; controls 88 . Falls ( without loss of consciousness ) were reduced by two-thirds : controls reported 669 falls ( mean 9.3 ; range 0 to 89 ) , and paced patients 216 falls ( mean 4.1 ; range 0 to 29 ) . Thus , paced patients were significantly less likely to fall ( odds ratio 0.42 ; 95 % confidence interval : 0.23 , 0.75 ) than were controls . Syncopal events were also reduced during the follow-up period , but there were much fewer syncopal events than falls-28 episodes in paced patients and 47 in controls . Injurious events were reduced by 70 % ( 202 in controls compared to 61 in paced patients ) . CONCLUSIONS There is a strong association between non-accidental falls and cardioinhibitory CSH . These patients would not usually be referred for cardiovascular assessment . Carotid sinus hypersensitivity should be considered in all older adults who have non-accidental falls ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1850
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7353",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac pacing"
],
"offsets": [
[
163,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7354",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac pacing ."
],
"offsets": [
[
363,
379
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7355",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"dual-chamber pacemaker implant ( paced patients )"
],
"offsets": [
[
665,
714
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7356",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"standard treatment ( controls )"
],
"offsets": [
[
718,
749
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7357",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"pacemaker"
],
"offsets": [
[
678,
687
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7358",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"controls"
],
"offsets": [
[
739,
747
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7359",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nonaccidental falls"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7360",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"falls"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7361",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"falls"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7362",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"non-accidental fall"
],
"offsets": [
[
615,
634
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7363",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"number of falls during one year of follow-up"
],
"offsets": [
[
780,
824
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7364",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Falls ( without loss of consciousness )"
],
"offsets": [
[
980,
1019
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7365",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fall"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7366",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Syncopal events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1311,
1326
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7367",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"syncopal events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1401,
1416
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7368",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"falls-28"
],
"offsets": [
[
1422,
1430
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7369",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Injurious events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1479,
1495
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7370",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"non-accidental"
],
"offsets": [
[
615,
629
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7371 | 11699803 | [
{
"id": "7372",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Multisite , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial of porcine secretin in autism . OBJECTIVE To examine the efficacy of intravenous porcine secretin for the treatment of autistic disorder . METHOD Randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover design . Fifty-six subjects with autistic disorder received either a secretin or placebo infusion at baseline and the other substance at week 4 . Subjects were given the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ( ADOS ) and other pertinent developmental measures at baseline and at weeks 4 and 8 to assess drug effects . RESULTS For the primary efficacy analysis , change of ADOS social-communication total score from week 0 to week 4 , no statistically significant difference was obtained between placebo ( -0.8 +/- 2.9 ) and secretin groups ( -0.6 +/- 1.4 ; t54 = 0.346 , p < .73 ) . The other measures showed no treatment effect for secretin compared with placebo . CONCLUSION There was no evidence for efficacy of secretin in this randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind trial ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1044
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7373",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7374",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"porcine secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
55,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7375",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"porcine secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
55,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7376",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7377",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7378",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo infusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
338,
354
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7379",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7380",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7381",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7382",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7383",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
117
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7384",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
158,
167
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7385",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"autistic disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
188
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7386",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ( ADOS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
427,
474
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7387",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"pertinent developmental measures"
],
"offsets": [
[
485,
517
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7388",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"ADOS social-communication total score"
],
"offsets": [
[
630,
667
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7389",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"treatment effect"
],
"offsets": [
[
870,
886
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7390",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
117
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7391",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7392",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic disorder ."
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7393",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Fifty-six"
],
"offsets": [
[
266,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7394",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
188
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7395 | 11700823 | [
{
"id": "7396",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of a specific preparation of Chinese herbs ( \" clear the way \" ) on duration and severity of the common cold ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
117
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7397",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Chinese herbs"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7398",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"duration and severity of the"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7399",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"common cold"
],
"offsets": [
[
104,
115
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7400",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
116,
117
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7401",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"common cold"
],
"offsets": [
[
104,
115
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7402 | 11701101 | [
{
"id": "7403",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The role of radiography in primary care patients with low back pain of at least 6 weeks duration : a randomised ( unblinded ) controlled trial . OBJECTIVES To test the hypotheses that : ( 1 ) Lumbar spine radiography in primary care patients with low back pain is not associated with improved patient outcomes , including pain , disability , health status , sickness absence , reassurance , and patient satisfaction or belief in the value of radiography . ( 2 ) Lumbar spine radiography in primary care patients with low back pain is not associated with changes in patient management , including medication use , and the use of primary and secondary care services , physical therapies and complementary therapies . ( 3 ) Participants choosing their treatment group ( i.e . radiography or no radiography ) do not have better outcomes than those randomised to a treatment group . ( 4 ) Lumbar spine radiography is not cost-effective compared with usual care without lumbar spine radiography . DESIGN A randomised unblinded controlled trial . SETTING Seventy-three general practices in Nottingham , North Nottinghamshire , Southern Derbyshire , North Lincolnshire and North Leicestershire . Fifty-two practices recruited participants to the trial . SUBJECTS Randomised arm : 421 participants with low back pain , with median duration of 10 weeks . Patient preference arm : 55 participants with low back pain , with median duration of 11 weeks . INTERVENTION Lumbar spine radiography and usual care versus usual care without radiography . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Roland adaptation of the Sickness Impact Profile , visual analogue pain scale , health status scale , EuroQol , use of primary and secondary care services , and physical and complementary therapies , sickness absence , medication use , patient satisfaction , reassurance and belief in value of radiography at 3 and 9 months post-randomisation . RESULTS Participants randomised to receive an X-ray were more likely to report low back pain at 3 months ( odds ratio ( OR ) = 1.56 ; 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) , 1.02 to 2.40 ) and had a lower overall health status score ( p = 0.02 ) . There were no differences in health or functional status at 9 months . A higher proportion of participants consulted the general practitioner ( GP ) in the 3 months following an X-ray ( OR = 2.72 ; 95 % CI , 1.80 to 4.10 ) . There were no differences in use of any other services , medication use or sickness absence at 3 or 9 months . No serious spinal pathology was identified in either group . The commonest X-ray reports were of discovertebral degeneration and normal findings . Many patients did not perceive their information needs were met within the consultation . Satisfaction with care was greater in the group receiving radiography at 9 months . Participants randomised to receive an X-ray were not less worried , or more reassured about serious disease causing their low back pain . Satisfaction was associated with meeting participants ' information needs and reduced belief in the necessity for investigations for low back pain , including X-rays and blood tests . In both groups , at 3 and 9 months 80 % of participants would choose to have an X-ray if the choice was available . Participants in the patient preference group achieved marginally better outcomes than those randomised to a treatment group , but the clinical significance of these differences is unclear . Lumbar spine radiography was associated with a net economic loss at 3 and 9 months . CONCLUSIONS Lumbar spine radiography in primary care patients with low back pain of at least 6 weeks duration is not associated with improved functioning , severity of pain or overall health status , and is associated with an increase in GP workload . Participants receiving X-rays are more satisfied with their care , but are not less worried or more reassured about serious disease causing their low back pain . CONCLUSIONS - RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH : Further work is required to develop and test an educational package that educates patients and GPs about the utility of radiography and provides strategies for identifying and meeting the information needs of patients , and the needs of patients and GPs to be reassured about missing serious disease . Guidelines on the management of low back pain in primary care should be consistent about not recommending lumbar spine radiography in patients with low back pain in the absence of red flags for serious spinal pathology , even if the pain has persisted for at least 6 weeks ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
4557
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7404",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7405",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Lumbar spine radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
192,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7406",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7407",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"no radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
788,
802
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7408",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
")"
],
"offsets": [
[
124,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7409",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Lumbar spine radiography and usual care versus usual care without radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
1455,
1532
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7410",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"X-ray"
],
"offsets": [
[
1948,
1953
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7411",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"lumbar spine radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
964,
988
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7412",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7413",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"disability , health status , sickness absence , reassurance"
],
"offsets": [
[
329,
388
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7414",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"satisfaction"
],
"offsets": [
[
403,
415
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7415",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"belief"
],
"offsets": [
[
419,
425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7416",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Roland adaptation of the Sickness Impact Profile"
],
"offsets": [
[
1557,
1605
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7417",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"visual analogue pain scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
1608,
1634
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7418",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"health status scale , EuroQol"
],
"offsets": [
[
1637,
1666
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7419",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"use of primary and secondary care services"
],
"offsets": [
[
621,
663
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7420",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"physical and complementary therapies"
],
"offsets": [
[
1718,
1754
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7421",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"sickness absence"
],
"offsets": [
[
358,
374
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7422",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"medication use"
],
"offsets": [
[
596,
610
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7423",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"patient satisfaction"
],
"offsets": [
[
395,
415
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7424",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"reassurance and belief in value of radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
1816,
1862
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7425",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"low back pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7426",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"health status"
],
"offsets": [
[
342,
355
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7427",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"health"
],
"offsets": [
[
342,
348
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7428",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"functional status"
],
"offsets": [
[
2183,
2200
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7429",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"consulted the general practitioner ( GP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
2251,
2292
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7430",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"any other services , medication use"
],
"offsets": [
[
2405,
2440
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7431",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"sickness absence"
],
"offsets": [
[
358,
374
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7432",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serious spinal pathology"
],
"offsets": [
[
2483,
2507
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7433",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"discovertebral degeneration"
],
"offsets": [
[
2577,
2604
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7434",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"normal findings"
],
"offsets": [
[
2609,
2624
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7435",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Satisfaction"
],
"offsets": [
[
2717,
2729
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7436",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"worried"
],
"offsets": [
[
2859,
2866
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7437",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"reassured"
],
"offsets": [
[
2877,
2886
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7438",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"outcomes"
],
"offsets": [
[
301,
309
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7439",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"economic loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
3480,
3493
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7440",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"functioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
3656,
3667
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7441",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"severity of pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
3670,
3686
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7442",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"overall health status"
],
"offsets": [
[
2101,
2122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7443",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"GP workload"
],
"offsets": [
[
3752,
3763
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7444",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"primary care patients with low back pain of at least 6 weeks duration"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7445",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Seventy-three"
],
"offsets": [
[
1048,
1061
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7446",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Fifty-two"
],
"offsets": [
[
1188,
1197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7447",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"421"
],
"offsets": [
[
1272,
1275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7448",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"low back pain , with median duration of 10 weeks"
],
"offsets": [
[
1294,
1342
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7449",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"55"
],
"offsets": [
[
1370,
1372
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7450 | 11701433 | [
{
"id": "7451",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Oral estrogen antagonizes the metabolic actions of growth hormone in growth hormone-deficient women . We have determined whether oral estrogen reduces the biological effects of growth hormone ( GH ) in GH-deficient ( GHD ) women compared with transdermal estrogen treatment . In two separate studies , eight GHD women randomly received either oral or transdermal estrogen for 8 wk before crossing over to the alternate route of administration . The first study assessed the effects of incremental doses of GH ( 0.5 , 1.0 , 2.0 IU/day for 1 wk each ) on insulin-like growth factor I ( IGF-I ) levels during each estrogen treatment phase . The second study assessed the effects of GH ( 2 IU/day ) on lipid oxidation and on protein metabolism using the whole body leucine turnover technique . Mean IGF-I level was significantly lower during oral estrogen treatment ( P < 0.05 ) and rose dose dependently during GH administration by a lesser magnitude ( P < 0.05 ) compared with transdermal treatment . Postprandial lipid oxidation was significantly lower with oral estrogen treatment , both before ( P < 0.05 ) and during ( P < 0.05 ) GH administration , compared with transdermal treatment . Protein synthesis was lower during oral estrogen both before and during GH administration ( P < 0.05 ) . Oral estrogen antagonizes several of the metabolic actions of GH . It may aggravate body composition abnormalities already present in GHD women and attenuate the beneficial effects of GH therapy . Estrogen replacement in GHD women should be administered by a nonoral route ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1569
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7452",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Oral estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7453",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
129,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7454",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"transdermal estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
243,
263
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7455",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral or transdermal estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
343,
371
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7456",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
5,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7457",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
129,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7458",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"transdermal treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
975,
996
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7459",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
129,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7460",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
5,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7461",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"GH"
],
"offsets": [
[
194,
196
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7462",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Oral estrogen"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7463",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"GH therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1479,
1489
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7464",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Estrogen replacement"
],
"offsets": [
[
1492,
1512
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7465",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Mean IGF-I level"
],
"offsets": [
[
790,
806
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7466",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Postprandial lipid oxidation"
],
"offsets": [
[
999,
1027
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7467",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Protein synthesis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1190,
1207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7468",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"antagonizes several of the metabolic actions of GH"
],
"offsets": [
[
1309,
1359
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7469 | 11701672 | [
{
"id": "7470",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Acute effect of pegvisomant on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy men : implications for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in GH deficiency . Cardiovascular risk is increased in GH deficiency ( GHD ) . GHD adults are frequently abdominally obese and display features of the metabolic syndrome . Otherwise healthy abdominally obese subjects have low GH levels and show features of the metabolic syndrome as well . We investigated in healthy nonobese males the effect of the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant in different metabolic conditions . This is a model for acute GHD without the alterations in body composition associated with GHD . We compared the effect of pegvisomant with that of placebo before and after 3 d of fasting . In addition , we investigated the effect of pegvisomant under normal , i.e . fed , conditions . Three days of fasting as well as pegvisomant alone decreased serum free IGF-I levels ( 1.0 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.31 +/- 0.05 ng/ml and 0.86 +/- 0.23 vs. 0.46 +/- 0.23 ng/ml , respectively ) . Fasting in combination with pegvisomant also decreased serum free IGF-I levels ( 1.0 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.31 +/- 0.07 ng/ml ) . Treatment with pegvisomant had no additional influence on the decline of free IGF-I induced by fasting . Pegvisomant alone had no influence on insulin sensitivity . The increase in insulin sensitivity induced by fasting was comparable to the increase in insulin sensitivity induced by fasting combined with pegvisomant . Among serum lipid concentrations , only serum triglycerides increased significantly as a result of pegvisomant alone ( 1.0 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.4 mmol/liter ) . The changes in lipid concentrations induced by fasting alone or pegvisomant were not different from those induced by pegvisomant alone . von Willebrand factor antigen levels declined significantly under the influence of pegvisomant alone ( 1.1 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.06 U/ml ) . In conclusion , in different metabolic conditions the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant induces no significant acute changes in the major risk markers for cardiovascular disease . These data suggest that the secondary metabolic changes , e.g . abdominal obesity or inflammatory factors , that develop as a result of long-standing GHD are of primary importance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in patients with GHD ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2326
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7471",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pegvisomant"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7472",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pegvisomant"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7473",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pegvisomant"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7474",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
697,
704
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7475",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pegvisomant"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7476",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pegvisomant"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7477",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum free IGF-I levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
896,
919
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7478",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum free IGF-I levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
896,
919
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7479",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"free IGF-I"
],
"offsets": [
[
902,
912
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7480",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin sensitivity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1285,
1306
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7481",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin sensitivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1285,
1304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7482",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin sensitivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1285,
1304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7483",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum lipid concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1469,
1495
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7484",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum triglycerides"
],
"offsets": [
[
1503,
1522
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7485",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"changes in lipid concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1629,
1660
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7486",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"von Willebrand factor antigen levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1762,
1798
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7487",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"risk markers for cardiovascular disease ."
],
"offsets": [
[
2043,
2084
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7488",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"abdominal obesity or inflammatory factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
2149,
2190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7489",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"GHD adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
208,
218
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7490",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"healthy nonobese males"
],
"offsets": [
[
438,
460
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7491 | 11705818 | [
{
"id": "7492",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Acute hemodynamic effects of conivaptan , a dual V ( 1A ) and V ( 2 ) vasopressin receptor antagonist , in patients with advanced heart failure . BACKGROUND Arginine vasopressin may contribute to abnormalities in hemodynamics and fluid balance in heart failure through its actions on V ( 1A ) ( vascular and myocardial effects ) and V ( 2 ) receptors ( renal effects ) . Inhibiting the action of vasopressin may be beneficial in patients with heart failure . METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 142 patients with symptomatic heart failure ( New York Heart Association class III and IV ) were randomized to double-blind , short-term treatment with conivaptan , a dual V ( 1a ) /V ( 2 ) vasopressin receptor antagonist , at a single intravenous dose ( 10 , 20 , or 40 mg ) or placebo . Compared with placebo , conivaptan at 20 and 40 mg significantly reduced pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ( -2.6+/-0.7 , -5.4+/-0.7 , and -4.6+/-0.7 mm Hg for placebo and 20 and 40 mg groups , respectively ; P < 0.05 ) and right atrial pressure ( -2.0+/-0.4 , -3.7+/-0.4 , and -3.5+/-0.4 mm Hg for placebo and 20 and 40 mg groups , respectively ; P < 0.05 ) during the 3- to 6-hour interval after intravenous administration . Conivaptan significantly increased urine output in a dose-dependent manner ( -11+/-17 , 68+/-17 , 152+/-19 , and 176+/-18 mL/hour for placebo and 10 , 20 , and 40 mg groups , respectively ; P < 0.001 ) during the first 4 hours after the dose . Changes in cardiac index , systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance , blood pressure , and heart rate did not significantly differ from placebo . CONCLUSIONS In patients with advanced heart failure , vasopressin receptor antagonism with conivaptan resulted in favorable changes in hemodynamics and urine output without affecting blood pressure or heart rate . These data suggest that vasopressin is functionally significant in advanced heart failure and that further investigations are warranted to examine the effects of conivaptan on symptom relief and natural history in such patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2042
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7493",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"conivaptan"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7494",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"conivaptan"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7495",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vasopressin"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7496",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
769,
776
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7497",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Conivaptan"
],
"offsets": [
[
1207,
1217
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7498",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"conivaptan"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7499",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Acute hemodynamic effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7500",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"abnormalities in hemodynamics and fluid balance"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7501",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"V ( 1A ) ( vascular and myocardial effects ) and V ( 2 ) receptors ( renal effects ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
284,
370
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7502",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pulmonary capillary wedge pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
852,
886
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7503",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"right atrial pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1004,
1025
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7504",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"urine output"
],
"offsets": [
[
1242,
1254
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7505",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac index , systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance , blood pressure , and heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1462,
1554
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7506",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hemodynamics and urine output"
],
"offsets": [
[
1734,
1763
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7507",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure or heart rate ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1782,
1812
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7508",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"advanced heart failure"
],
"offsets": [
[
121,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7509",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"heart failure ."
],
"offsets": [
[
130,
145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7510",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"142 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
490,
502
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7511",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"symptomatic heart failure"
],
"offsets": [
[
508,
533
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7512",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"advanced heart failure"
],
"offsets": [
[
121,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7513 | 11706697 | [
{
"id": "7514",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Does temporary clamping of drains following knee arthroplasty reduce blood loss ? A randomised controlled trial . In a randomised , blinded study 76 patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty were assigned to either immediate drain opening ( n = 45 ) or drains opened at 2 h ( n = 31 ) . No significant differences were found between the groups for the volume of drained blood , transfusion requirements , knee motion or wound status . The authors conclude that the practice of clamping drains has no benefit in routine knee arthroplasty . However , when faced with immediate brisk blood loss , the results suggest that drains can be clamped without any excess morbidity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
681
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7515",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"temporary clamping of drains"
],
"offsets": [
[
5,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7516",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"immediate drain opening ( n = 45 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
225,
259
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7517",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"drains opened at 2 h"
],
"offsets": [
[
263,
283
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7518",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"clamping drains"
],
"offsets": [
[
487,
502
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7519",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"drains"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7520",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"volume of drained blood"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
385
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7521",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"transfusion requirements"
],
"offsets": [
[
388,
412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7522",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"knee motion"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
426
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7523",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"wound status"
],
"offsets": [
[
430,
442
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7524",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"blood loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7525",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"morbidity"
],
"offsets": [
[
670,
679
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7526",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"76"
],
"offsets": [
[
146,
148
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7527",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"primary total knee arthroplasty"
],
"offsets": [
[
169,
200
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7528 | 11708589 | [
{
"id": "7529",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Evaluation of a new computer intervention to teach people with autism or Asperger syndrome to recognize and predict emotions in others . This randomized controlled trial looked at the effect of a new computer program designed to teach people with autistic spectrum disorders to better recognize and predict emotional responses in others . Two groups of 11 children ( age 12-18 ) with autism or Asperger syndrome at two special schools participated : one group used the computer program for 10 half-hour sessions over 2 weeks . Within-program data showed a significant reduction in errors made from first to last use . Students were assessed pre- and post-intervention using facial expression photographs , cartoons depicting emotion-laden situations , and non-literal stories . Scores were not related to age or verbal ability . The experimental group made gains relative to the control group on all three measures . Gains correlated significantly with the number of times the computer program was used and results suggest positive effects . Further research could assess whether these gains generalized into real life or improved performance on theory of mind measures ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1171
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7530",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"new computer intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7531",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"new computer program"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7532",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"one group used the computer program for 10 half-hour sessions over 2 weeks"
],
"offsets": [
[
450,
524
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7533",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"computer program"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7534",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"facial expression photographs"
],
"offsets": [
[
674,
703
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7535",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
","
],
"offsets": [
[
704,
705
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7536",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cartoons depicting emotion-laden situations"
],
"offsets": [
[
706,
749
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7537",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
", and"
],
"offsets": [
[
750,
755
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7538",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"non-literal stories"
],
"offsets": [
[
756,
775
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7539",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism or Asperger syndrome"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7540",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic spectrum disorders"
],
"offsets": [
[
247,
274
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7541",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"11"
],
"offsets": [
[
353,
355
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7542",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
356,
364
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7543",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"age 12-18"
],
"offsets": [
[
367,
376
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7544",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7545",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Asperger syndrome"
],
"offsets": [
[
73,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7546 | 11710599 | [
{
"id": "7547",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Absence of cervical radiation myelitis after hyperfractionated radiation therapy with and without concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced , unresectable , nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck . PURPOSE To evaluate the risk of developing radiation myelitis after a cervical spinal cord dose of 50.6 Gy given via 1.1 Gy b.i.d . fractionation during a prospective , randomised trial of hyperfractionated radiation therapy ( HFX RT ) to a total dose of 77 Gy given in 70 fractions of 1.1 Gy b.i.d. , with and without concurrent low-dose , daily cisplatin ( CDDP ) for head and neck cancer . METHODS Of 130 patients with locally advanced , unresectable , nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck ( SCC H & N ) who entered a prospective , randomised trial , 101 patients received 50.6 Gy to a portion of their spinal cord and survived > 1 year following the beginning of therapy . Forty-five patients were treated with HFX RT alone and fifty-six patients also received CDDP . RESULTS None of these 101 patients developed cervical radiation myelitis . Therefore , it was not possible to investigate the influence of potentially contributing factors on the occurrence of radiation myelitis , such as interfraction interval , cord length , and administration of concurrent CDDP . CONCLUSIONS Given the increasing number of studies with both altered fractionated regimens and concurrent radio-chemotherapy in SCC H & N , new studies with more patients are needed to gain better insight into the risks of developing cervical radiation myelitis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1579
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7548",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"hyperfractionated radiation therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
45,
80
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7549",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"concurrent chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
98,
121
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7550",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Gy"
],
"offsets": [
[
325,
327
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7551",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"hyperfractionated radiation therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
45,
80
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7552",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Gy"
],
"offsets": [
[
325,
327
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7553",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisplatin ( CDDP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
568,
586
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7554",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"50.6 Gy"
],
"offsets": [
[
320,
327
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7555",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"HFX RT"
],
"offsets": [
[
448,
454
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7556",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CDDP"
],
"offsets": [
[
580,
584
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7557",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CDDP"
],
"offsets": [
[
580,
584
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7558",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radio-chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1422,
1440
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7559",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cervical radiation myelitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7560",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"risk of developing radiation myelitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
245,
282
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7561",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cervical radiation myelitis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1060,
1089
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7562",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"occurrence of radiation myelitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1194,
1226
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7563",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"interfraction interval , cord length , and administration of concurrent CDDP ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1237,
1315
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7564",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cervical radiation myelitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7565",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"locally advanced , unresectable , nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck"
],
"offsets": [
[
126,
218
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7566",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"head and neck cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
591,
611
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7567",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"130"
],
"offsets": [
[
625,
628
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7568 | 11714591 | [
{
"id": "7569",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Social support and abstinence from opiates and cocaine during opioid maintenance treatment . Social support may play an important role in helping drug users achieve abstinence ; however these benefits may depend on the type of support experienced . In this prospective observational study , we examined the extent to which general and abstinence-specific support , both structural and functional , predicted opiate and cocaine abstinence in 128 opioid maintenance patients receiving either methadone or LAAM . A new multidimensional self-report instrument assessing abstinence-specific functional support was developed for the study . Previously validated measures were used to assess the remaining types of support . With baseline abstinence and other statistically important covariates adjusted , hierarchical logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the associations between social support at study baseline and biochemically confirmed abstinence 3 months later varied by type of support and by drug . Greater abstinence-specific structural support ( operationalized as fewer drug users in the social network ) and decreases in three types of negative abstinence-specific functional support ( Complaints about Drug Use , Drug Exposure , and Demoralization ) predicted cocaine , but not opiate abstinence . There were no effects for general support , whether structural or functional , on abstinence from either drug . Interventions that focus on modifying patients ' abstinence-specific support may be helpful in reducing the high rates of cocaine use disorders in this population ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1591
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7570",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Social support"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
14
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7571",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"abstinence"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7572",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"opioid maintenance treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
62,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7573",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Social support"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
14
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7574",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"general and abstinence-specific support"
],
"offsets": [
[
323,
362
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7575",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"both structural and functional"
],
"offsets": [
[
365,
395
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7576",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"methadone"
],
"offsets": [
[
490,
499
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7577",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"LAAM"
],
"offsets": [
[
503,
507
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7578",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"abstinence-specific"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
354
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7579",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"abstinence-specific"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
354
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7580",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"abstinence-specific"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
354
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7581",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"abstinence-specific"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
354
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7582",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Social support"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
14
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7583",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"abstinence"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7584",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"abstinence ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
165,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7585",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"social support"
],
"offsets": [
[
884,
898
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7586",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"abstinence-specific structural support"
],
"offsets": [
[
1019,
1057
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7587",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"negative abstinence-specific functional support ( Complaints about Drug Use , Drug Exposure , and Demoralization ) predicted cocaine"
],
"offsets": [
[
1152,
1284
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7588",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"opiate abstinence ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1295,
1314
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7589",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"general support"
],
"offsets": [
[
1341,
1356
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7590",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"abstinence"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7591",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"rates of cocaine use disorders"
],
"offsets": [
[
1540,
1570
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7592",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"opioid maintenance treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
62,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7593",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"drug users"
],
"offsets": [
[
146,
156
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7594",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"128"
],
"offsets": [
[
441,
444
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7595",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"opioid maintenance patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
445,
472
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7596 | 11718681 | [
{
"id": "7597",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Relationship between endogenous estrogen concentrations and serum cholesteryl ester transfer protein concentrations in Chinese women . BACKGROUND CETP plays an important role in HDL metabolism and in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway . METHODS The relationship between the changes of endogenous estrogen and the concentration of cholesteryl ester transfer protein ( CETP ) in the serum of Chinese women was investigated . Serum concentrations of estradiol ( E ( 2 ) ) , follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ) , CETP and lipid profile were determined in 196 Chinese women ( 52 premenopausal with ages ranging from 18 to 40 years , 57 perimenopausal from 41 to 60 years , and 87 postmenopausal from 61 to 81 years ) . RESULTS Serum CETP concentration was significantly lower in postmenopausal women compared with those in perimenopausal and premenopausal women ( 1.39+/-1.06 , 2.36+/-1.50 and 2.31+/-1.25 mg/l , respectively , P < 0.0001 ) . Even in the women around the menopausal , CETP concentration in postmenopause was significantly lower than that in premenopause ( 1.93+/-1.33 vs. 3.42+/-1.35 mg/l , P < 0.01 ) . In addition , CETP concentration had a highly positive correlation with serum concentration of E ( 2 ) ( r=0.243 , P < 0.001 ) , while negative correlation of CETP concentration with serum concentration of FSH was found ( r=-0.273 , P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSIONS Estrogen may affect the concentration of CETP ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1430
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7598",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"endogenous estrogen concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
55
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7599",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"serum cholesteryl ester"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7600",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Serum concentrations of estradiol ( E ( 2 ) ) , follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ) , CETP and lipid profile were determined"
],
"offsets": [
[
430,
555
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7601",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Serum concentrations of estradiol ( E ( 2 ) )"
],
"offsets": [
[
430,
475
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7602",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH )"
],
"offsets": [
[
478,
514
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7603",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CETP"
],
"offsets": [
[
146,
150
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7604",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lipid profile"
],
"offsets": [
[
526,
539
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7605",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Serum CETP concentration"
],
"offsets": [
[
730,
754
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7606",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CETP concentration"
],
"offsets": [
[
736,
754
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7607",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum concentration"
],
"offsets": [
[
1196,
1215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7608",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CETP concentration"
],
"offsets": [
[
736,
754
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7609",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum concentration of FSH"
],
"offsets": [
[
1307,
1333
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7610",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"concentration of CETP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1407,
1428
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7611",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Chinese"
],
"offsets": [
[
119,
126
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7612",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
127,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7613",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"196"
],
"offsets": [
[
559,
562
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7614",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Chinese"
],
"offsets": [
[
119,
126
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7615",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
127,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7616",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"52"
],
"offsets": [
[
579,
581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7617",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"premenopausal"
],
"offsets": [
[
582,
595
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7618",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"ages ranging from 18 to 40 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
601,
633
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7619",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"57"
],
"offsets": [
[
636,
638
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7620",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"perimenopausal"
],
"offsets": [
[
639,
653
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7621",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"41 to 60 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
659,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7622",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"87"
],
"offsets": [
[
680,
682
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7623",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"postmenopausal"
],
"offsets": [
[
683,
697
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7624",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"61 to 81 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
703,
717
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7625 | 11741555 | [
{
"id": "7626",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Prognostic significance of the dobutamine echocardiography test in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy . Dobutamine stress echo provides potentially useful information on idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy ( IDC ) . From February 1 , 1997 , to October 1 , 1999 , 186 patients ( 131 men and 55 women , mean age 56 +/- 12 years ) with IDC , ejection fraction < 35 % , and angiographically normal coronary arteries were studied by high-dose ( up to 40 micro/kg/min ) dobutamine echo in 6 centers , all quality controlled for stress echo reading . In all patients , wall motion score index ( WMSI ) ( from 1 = normal to 4 = dyskinetic in a 16- segment model of the left ventricle ) was evaluated by echo at baseline and peak dobutamine . One hundred eighty-four patients were followed up ( mean 15 +/- 13 months ) and only cardiac death was considered as an end point . There were 29 cardiac deaths . Significant parameters for survival prediction at univariate analysis are : DeltaWMSI ( chi-square 20.1 ; p < 0.0000 ) , New York Heart Association ( NYHA ) class ( chi-square 17.57 ; p < 0.0000 ) , rest ejection fraction ( chi-square 10.41 ; p = 0.0013 ) , angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ( chi-square 8.23 ; p = 0.0041 ) , and hypertension ( chi-square 8.08 , p = 0.0045 ) . In the multivariate stepwise analysis only DeltaWMSI and NYHA were independent predictors of outcome ( DeltaWMSI = hazard ratio 0.02 , p < 0.0000 ; NYHA class = hazard ratio 3.83 , p < 0.0000 ) . Kaplan-Meier survival estimates showed a better outcome for patients with a large inotropic response ( DeltaWMSI > or =0.44 , a cutoff identified by receiver-operating characteristic curves analysis ) than for those with a small or no myocardial inotropic response to dobutamine ( 93.6 % vs 69.4 % , p = 0.00033 ) . Thus , in patients with IDC , an extensive contractile reserve identified by high-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography is associated with a better survival ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1952
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7627",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Dobutamine stress echo"
],
"offsets": [
[
103,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7628",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
100
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7629",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"dobutamine echo"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7630",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
102
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7631",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac death"
],
"offsets": [
[
816,
829
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7632",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"better outcome"
],
"offsets": [
[
1517,
1531
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7633",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"large inotropic response"
],
"offsets": [
[
1552,
1576
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7634",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"better survival ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1935,
1952
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7635 | 11743411 | [
{
"id": "7636",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Capsular contracture around saline-filled fine textured and smooth mammary implants : a prospective 7.5-year follow-up . In a previous prospective randomized clinical study comparing in the same patient textured and smooth saline-filled mammary implants ( Biocell ) with large pore size ( 300 to 600 microm ) , we saw no difference in capsular contracture . This study was undertaken in a similar way to compare capsular contracture around smooth and textured saline-filled prostheses with pores of small size . During a period of 7.5 years , the breast hardness was followed up , and at the end of the study patient satisfaction was evaluated . Twenty healthy women with a mean age of 30 years were operated on for breast augmentation . Two surgeons performed all operations in a standardized way . Each patient received subglandularly a Siltex textured saline-filled prosthesis with a pore size of 30 to 70 microm in one breast , and a smooth saline-filled prosthesis in the other . The hardness of the breasts was evaluated after 0.5 , 1 , and 7.5 years using Baker grading and applanation tonometry . Eighteen patients completed 1-year and 7.5-year follow-up . Two breasts with smooth prostheses were contracted after 6 months ( Baker III or IV ) . After 1 year , four patients with smooth prostheses and one with a textured prosthesis had capsular contracture ( p = 0.34 ) . Seven and one-half years after surgery , six patents with smooth and four with textured implants had contracture ( p = 0.66 ) . On two patients with smooth prostheses and one patient with a textured prosthesis , the capsule around the implant hardened between 6 and 12 months . Between 1 year and 7.5 years , three breasts with smooth and textured implants contracted and one with a textured implant softened.The patients reported on a Visual Analogue Scale ( 1 to 10 ) the impact of the augmentation on their quality of life to be 9 +/- 1 . Four patients preferred the breast with the smooth prosthesis , three preferred the breast with the textured prosthesis , and the others found both breasts equal . This study showed no significant difference of contracture with smooth versus fine textured implants . The majority of the patients preferred the smooth implants . The patients reported that the breast augmentation had had an extremely high impact on their quality of life ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2360
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7637",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"saline-filled prostheses"
],
"offsets": [
[
460,
484
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7638",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"subglandularly a Siltex textured saline-filled prosthesis"
],
"offsets": [
[
822,
879
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7639",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"smooth saline-filled prosthesis in the other"
],
"offsets": [
[
938,
982
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7640",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"implants"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7641",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"The hardness of the breasts"
],
"offsets": [
[
985,
1012
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7642",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Baker grading and applanation tonometry"
],
"offsets": [
[
1063,
1102
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7643",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"capsular contracture"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
355
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7644",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"contracture"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7645",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"capsule around the implant hardened"
],
"offsets": [
[
1596,
1631
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7646",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"smooth and textured implants contracted"
],
"offsets": [
[
1708,
1747
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7647",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"one with a textured implant softened.The"
],
"offsets": [
[
1752,
1792
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7648",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of life"
],
"offsets": [
[
1890,
1905
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7649",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"significant difference"
],
"offsets": [
[
2107,
2129
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7650",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"contracture"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7651",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"preferred the smooth implants"
],
"offsets": [
[
2218,
2247
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7652",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty"
],
"offsets": [
[
646,
652
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7653",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy"
],
"offsets": [
[
653,
660
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7654",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
661,
666
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7655",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"mean age of 30 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
674,
694
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7656",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"breast augmentation"
],
"offsets": [
[
716,
735
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7657",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Eighteen patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1105,
1122
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7658 | 11746070 | [
{
"id": "7659",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Evaluating the impact of peer , nurse case-managed , and standard HIV risk-reduction programs on psychosocial and health-promoting behavioral outcomes among homeless women . Investigators examined the 6-month impact of three cognitive-behavioral HIV risk-reduction programs on behavioral factors ( substance use and sexual risk behaviors ) and cognitive and psychological resources of 325 women who resided in emergency or sober-living shelters and their 308 intimate sexual partners . Participants were randomized by shelter to a peer-mentored , a nurse case-managed , or a standard care HIV risk-reduction program . Significant improvements were observed in all groups in all behavioral factors and cognitive and psychological resources except for self-esteem . Participants in the peer-mentored and nurse case-managed groups did not differ significantly from the standard group in self-esteem , life satisfaction , psychological well-being , use of noninjection drugs , sex with multiple partners , and unprotected sex at 6 months ( n = 633 ) . It was concluded that a standard approach by health care professionals appears to effectively modify HIV risk behaviors for a majority of homeless participants and may have important economic and policy implications . Further , the impact of short-term programs that address psychological vulnerabilities of impoverished populations needs to be studied further ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1410
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7660",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"peer , nurse case-managed , and standard HIV risk-reduction programs"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7661",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"cognitive-behavioral HIV risk-reduction programs"
],
"offsets": [
[
225,
273
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7662",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"peer-mentored , a nurse case-managed"
],
"offsets": [
[
531,
567
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7663",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"standard care HIV risk-reduction program"
],
"offsets": [
[
575,
615
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7664",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"peer-mentored and nurse case-managed"
],
"offsets": [
[
784,
820
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7665",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"standard group"
],
"offsets": [
[
866,
880
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7666",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychosocial and health-promoting behavioral outcomes"
],
"offsets": [
[
97,
150
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7667",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"behavioral factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
277,
295
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7668",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cognitive and psychological resources"
],
"offsets": [
[
344,
381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7669",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"peer-mentored , a nurse case-managed , or a standard care HIV risk-reduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
531,
607
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7670",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"behavioral factors and cognitive and psychological resources"
],
"offsets": [
[
678,
738
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7671",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"self-esteem"
],
"offsets": [
[
750,
761
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7672",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"self-esteem , life satisfaction , psychological well-being , use of noninjection drugs , sex with multiple partners , and unprotected sex"
],
"offsets": [
[
884,
1021
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7673",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"modify HIV risk behaviors"
],
"offsets": [
[
1142,
1167
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7674",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
166,
171
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7675",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"325"
],
"offsets": [
[
385,
388
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7676",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
166,
171
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7677",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"308"
],
"offsets": [
[
455,
458
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7678",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"homeless"
],
"offsets": [
[
157,
165
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7679",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"impoverished"
],
"offsets": [
[
1356,
1368
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7680 | 11748974 | [
{
"id": "7681",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Fibrin application for preventing lymphocysts after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in patients with gynecologic malignancies . OBJECTIVE We performed a randomized , prospective trial to assess the impact of fibrin glue on the incidence of lymphocysts after systematic pelvic or pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy in patients with gynecologic malignancies . METHODS Ninety-three consecutive patients with gynecologic pelvic malignancies who underwent surgery including pelvic or pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy were randomized during surgery to be treated with fibrin glue or not . Serial computed tomography ( CT ) scans were performed during follow-up . CT findings of a smooth and thin-walled cavity filled with a water-equivalent fluid , sharply demarcated from its surroundings and without signs of infiltration were interpreted as lymphocysts . RESULTS Forty-seven patients ( 51 % ) were treated with fibrin glue and 46 ( 49 % ) were not . All 93 patients underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy ; 15 patients ( 32 % ) of the fibrin group and 12 ( 26 % ) of the controls also underwent paraaortic lymphadenectomy . We found no significant differences between patients who received fibrin glue and those who did not . CONCLUSION Intraoperative application of fibrin glue did not reduce the rate of postoperative lymphocysts after lymphadenectomy and had no impact on any follow-up parameter . Its use seems not to be indicated in systematic gynecologic pelvic or pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1509
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7682",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Fibrin application"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
18
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7683",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fibrin glue"
],
"offsets": [
[
208,
219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7684",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"treated with fibrin glue"
],
"offsets": [
[
557,
581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7685",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"not"
],
"offsets": [
[
585,
588
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7686",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Serial computed tomography ( CT ) scans"
],
"offsets": [
[
591,
630
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7687",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fibrin glue"
],
"offsets": [
[
208,
219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7688",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lymphocysts"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7689",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"no significant differences"
],
"offsets": [
[
1132,
1158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7690",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"reduce the rate of postoperative lymphocysts"
],
"offsets": [
[
1286,
1330
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7691",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"no impact"
],
"offsets": [
[
1361,
1370
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7692",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"follow-up parameter"
],
"offsets": [
[
1378,
1397
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7693",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"gynecologic malignancies"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7694",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"gynecologic malignancies"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7695",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Ninety-three"
],
"offsets": [
[
369,
381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7696",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"gynecologic pelvic malignancies"
],
"offsets": [
[
408,
439
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7697",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"93"
],
"offsets": [
[
959,
961
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7698 | 11751780 | [
{
"id": "7699",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Once-daily versus twice-daily intravenous administration of vancomycin for infections in hospitalized patients . The efficacy and toxicity of once-daily ( od ) versus twice-daily ( bd ) dosing of vancomycin was compared in 121 hospitalized patients . Eighteen patients were then withdrawn from the study . Clinical and bacteriological responses were evaluated in all patients ( n = 103 ) . Nephrotoxicity was assessed in patients who did not receive nephrotoxic agents ( n = 76 ) . Ototoxicity was assessed in patients who completed two audiograms and were not receiving ototoxic agents ( n = 63 ) . No significant difference was found between the two groups for favourable clinical response : 47/51 ( 92.1 % ) and 49/52 ( 94.2 % ) in the od and bd groups , respectively . In 34 patients vancomycin was the only effective antibiotic . Fifteen of 18 ( 83.3 % ) evaluated episodes in the od and 12/16 ( 75.0 % ) evaluated episodes in the bd group showed a favourable bacteriological response . There were no significant differences between the od and bd groups for all adverse events . Nephrotoxicity developed in 4/37 ( 10.8 % ) and 3/39 ( 7.7 % ) patients , respectively . Hearing loss developed in 1/31 ( 3.2 % ) and 5/32 ( 15.6 % ) . Phlebitis occurred in 7/51 ( 13.7 % ) and 12/52 ( 23.0 % ) . Red man syndrome occurred in 7/51 ( 13.7 % ) and 5/52 ( 9.6 % ) in od and bd groups , respectively . The efficacy and safety profile of od administration of vancomycin is similar to that of the customary , but less convenient , bd administration ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1544
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7700",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vancomycin"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7701",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vancomycin"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7702",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vancomycin"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7703",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vancomycin"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7704",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Nephrotoxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
390,
404
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7705",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Ototoxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
482,
493
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7706",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"only effective antibiotic"
],
"offsets": [
[
807,
832
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7707",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"favourable bacteriological response"
],
"offsets": [
[
954,
989
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7708",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"all adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1063,
1081
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7709",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Nephrotoxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
390,
404
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7710",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Hearing loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
1173,
1185
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7711",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Phlebitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1236,
1245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7712",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Red man syndrome"
],
"offsets": [
[
1297,
1313
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7713",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and safety profile"
],
"offsets": [
[
1402,
1429
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7714",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"infections in hospitalized patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7715",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"121"
],
"offsets": [
[
223,
226
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7716",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hospitalized"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7717",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Eighteen"
],
"offsets": [
[
251,
259
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7718",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"103"
],
"offsets": [
[
382,
385
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7719 | 11752031 | [
{
"id": "7720",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Controlled prospective trial of prednisolone and cytotoxics in progressive IgA nephropathy . In a single-center , multiple-referral source study , 38 patients with progressive IgA nephropathy and controlled hypertension were randomized to treatment with prednisolone and cytotoxic agents , to therapy with low-dose cyclophosphamide then azathioprine , and to control groups . The follow-up period lasted 2 to 6 yr. Renal survival , as assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis annually to 5 yr , showed significant preservation of function from 3 yr in the treatment group and 82 , 82 , 72 , and 72 % for 2 , 3 , 4 , and 5 yr , respectively , compared with 68 , 47 , 26 , and 6 % in controls . Rate of loss of renal function , evaluated objectively by least-squares analyses of reciprocal serum creatinine , was reduced-and in one-third of the patients , arrested-during immunosuppressive treatment . Proteinuria , present in all patients at the time of entry into the trial , was reduced by treatment from 12 mo , compared with pretreatment levels or controls ; erythrocyturia was reduced from 6 mo . Histologic activity and chronicity indexes were determined in renal biopsies performed at trial entry . Multivariate analysis demonstrated that mesangial cell proliferation and matrix scores were highest in those patients with more rapidly progressive disease . No morphologic variable or residual renal function predicted response to immunosuppressive therapy at entry . Mean arterial pressures did not differ significantly between treatment and control groups . There was thus no explanation other than treatment for the improved outcome in patients who received immunosuppressive therapy . Morbidity attributable to treatment or to renal failure occurred in both groups ; an audit showed that benefits of therapy outweighed expected or minor side effects of drugs in this population at risk of end-stage renal failure . Patients selected for moderately progressive IgA nephropathy benefit from treatment with prednisolone and cytotoxic agents ; results are consistent with modulation of systemic immune response or nephritic injury , thus explaining improved outcome , and indicate that this therapy has an acceptably low risk of side effects ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2241
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7721",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"prednisolone and cytotoxics"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
59
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7722",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"prednisolone and cytotoxic agents"
],
"offsets": [
[
254,
287
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7723",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"low-dose cyclophosphamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
306,
331
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7724",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"azathioprine"
],
"offsets": [
[
337,
349
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7725",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control groups ."
],
"offsets": [
[
359,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7726",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"prednisolone"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7727",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cytotoxic agents ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
2023,
2041
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7728",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"loss of renal function"
],
"offsets": [
[
694,
716
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7729",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"least-squares analyses of reciprocal serum creatinine"
],
"offsets": [
[
744,
797
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7730",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Proteinuria"
],
"offsets": [
[
893,
904
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7731",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"erythrocyturia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1055,
1069
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7732",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Histologic activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1094,
1113
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7733",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"chronicity indexes"
],
"offsets": [
[
1118,
1136
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7734",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Multivariate analysis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1198,
1219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7735",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mesangial cell proliferation and matrix scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
1238,
1284
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7736",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"morphologic variable or residual renal function"
],
"offsets": [
[
1359,
1406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7737",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Mean arterial pressures"
],
"offsets": [
[
1466,
1489
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7738",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Morbidity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1687,
1696
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7739",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"renal failure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1729,
1742
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7740",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"benefits of therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1790,
1809
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7741",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"progressive IgA nephropathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7742",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"side effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
1839,
1851
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7743",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"progressive IgA nephropathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7744",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"38"
],
"offsets": [
[
147,
149
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7745",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"progressive IgA nephropathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7746",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hypertension"
],
"offsets": [
[
207,
219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7747",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Proteinuria"
],
"offsets": [
[
893,
904
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7748",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"moderately progressive IgA nephropathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1939,
1977
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7749 | 11778352 | [
{
"id": "7750",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Physical activity in first-degree relatives of breast cancer patients . This study sought to evaluate physical activity in women at moderate risk for breast cancer , the correlates of engaging in regular physical activity , and whether physical activity relates to psychological well-being . The results revealed that 55 % of women were regularly active . Logistic regression models indicated that positive affect was associated with increased and negative affect was associated with decreased overall and leisure activity . Older , married , and employed women were more likely to engage in household/occupational activity , whereas women who perceived their risk for breast cancer as high were less likely . More educated women and those with higher perceived risk were more likely to engage in leisure activity , and married women were less likely . These results suggest a need to increase activity levels in women at moderate risk for breast cancer , provide variables upon which interventions can be tailored to promote activity , and point to psychological benefits of activity in this population ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1105
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7751",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Physical activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
17
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7752",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"physical activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
102,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7753",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"physical activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
102,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7754",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"physical activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
102,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7755",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"increase activity levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
885,
909
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7756",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychological well-being"
],
"offsets": [
[
265,
289
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7757",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7758",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"leisure activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
522
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7759",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7760",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"household/occupational activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
592,
623
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7761",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"leisure activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
522
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7762",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"breast cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7763",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
123,
128
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7764",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"moderate risk for breast cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
132,
163
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7765",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
123,
128
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7766",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
123,
128
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7767",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"moderate risk for breast cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
132,
163
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7768 | 11779598 | [
{
"id": "7769",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Metformin therapy improves ovulatory rates , cervical scores , and pregnancy rates in clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of metformin therapy on hyperandrogenism , insulin resistance , cervical scores , ovulation , and pregnancy rates in clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) . DESIGN Prospective , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study . SETTING Infertility clinic of a tertiary referral center . PATIENT ( S ) Fifty-six women with clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS . INTERVENTION ( S ) Two cycles of oral metformin therapy ( 850 mg , twice daily ) in group I and placebo therapy ( twice daily ) in group II . Clomiphene citrate ( 100 mg/day ) on cycle days 3-7 of the second cycle in both groups . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE ( S ) Insulin , T , DHEAS , FSH , LH , body mass index ( BMI ) , waist-to-hip ratio , endometrial thickness , cervical score , ovulation , and pregnancy rates in clomiphene-induced cycles after metformin therapy . RESULT ( S ) Metformin therapy resulted in a significant decrease in total T , LH level , LH/FSH ratio , insulin resistance , and mean BMI . No difference in waist-to-hip ratio , DHEAS level , and fasting insulin level was observed . Clomiphene citrate induction resulted in higher ovulation rates and thicker endometrium in the metformin group than in the placebo group . There was higher cumulative pregnancy rate in the metformin group ; however , there was no significant difference in the pregnancy rate between the two groups . CONCLUSION ( S ) Metformin therapy not only decreases hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance but also improves ovulation rates , cervical scores , and pregnancy rates in clomiphene citrate-resistant women with PCOS ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1804
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7770",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Metformin therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
17
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7771",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metformin therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
190,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7772",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
430,
448
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7773",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral metformin therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
620,
642
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7774",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
683,
698
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7775",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clomiphene citrate"
],
"offsets": [
[
729,
747
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7776",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
190,
199
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7777",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7778",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
190,
199
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7779",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
430,
437
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7780",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7781",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ovulatory rates , cervical scores , and pregnancy rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
82
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7782",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Insulin , T , DHEAS , FSH , LH , body mass index ( BMI ) , waist-to-hip ratio , endometrial thickness , cervical score , ovulation , and pregnancy rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
845,
997
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7783",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"total T , LH level , LH/FSH ratio , insulin resistance , and mean BMI ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1122,
1193
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7784",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"waist-to-hip ratio , DHEAS level , and fasting insulin level"
],
"offsets": [
[
1211,
1271
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7785",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ovulation rates and thicker endometrium"
],
"offsets": [
[
1335,
1374
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7786",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cumulative pregnancy rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1443,
1468
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7787",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pregnancy rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7788",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance"
],
"offsets": [
[
1641,
1680
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7789",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ovulation rates , cervical scores , and pregnancy rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1699,
1754
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7790",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome ."
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
153
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7791 | 11781402 | [
{
"id": "7792",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled MRI study of anti-herpes virus therapy in MS . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of treatment with the antiherpes drug valacyclovir on MRI-evident lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting MS in a phase 2 , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study . BACKGROUND It has been postulated from virologic studies that herpesvirus infection could play a role in the progression of MS. METHODS Patients were eligible for the study if they had had two or more MS relapses in the 2-year period before enrollment . Seventy patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores of 0 to 5.5 were randomly assigned to receive 1 gram of valacyclovir ( n = 36 ) or placebo ( n = 34 ) three times daily for 24 weeks . Patients underwent MRI every fourth week for 32 weeks : twice during pretreatment , six times during treatment , and once after treatment . Scoring of neurologic disability was performed at the start and end of the treatment period . The primary endpoint was the number of new active MRI-evident lesions over 24 weeks of treatment . Secondary endpoints included other MRI measures and clinical endpoints . RESULTS The mean number of new active lesions +/- SD per patient during 24 weeks of treatment with valacyclovir was 11.9 +/- 17.6 and that during placebo treatment was 14.5 +/- 21.4 . A protocol-planned exploratory analysis stratified patients according to baseline activity ; this analysis showed that patients with high levels of disease activity in the valacyclovir treatment group ( n = 17 ) developed fewer new active lesions per scan than did those in the placebo treatment group ( n = 11 ) . The median number ( Q ( 1 ) , Q ( 3 ) range ) of active lesions was 2.0 ( 1.38 , 3.96 ) in the valacyclovir treatment group and 6.5 ( 2.63 , 9.0 ) in the placebo treatment group . CONCLUSIONS Valacyclovir treatment did not reduce the formation of active lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had two or more relapses during the previous 2-year period . In a subgroup of patients with high levels of disease activity who had more than one active MRI-evident lesion during 4 weeks , valacyclovir treatment was associated with a reduced number of new active MRI-evident lesions and with an increase in the number of scans free of new active lesions . The results of the exploratory subgroup analysis provide support for further studies of antiherpes therapy for patients with MS and high levels of MRI-evident disease activity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2508
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7793",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"anti-herpes virus therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
62,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7794",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"antiherpes drug valacyclovir"
],
"offsets": [
[
151,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7795",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7796",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"valacyclovir"
],
"offsets": [
[
167,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7797",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7798",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"valacyclovir"
],
"offsets": [
[
167,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7799",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7800",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"valacyclovir"
],
"offsets": [
[
167,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7801",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Valacyclovir"
],
"offsets": [
[
1861,
1873
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7802",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"valacyclovir"
],
"offsets": [
[
167,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7803",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"antiherpes therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
2419,
2437
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7804",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI-evident lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
183,
202
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7805",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Scoring of neurologic disability"
],
"offsets": [
[
904,
936
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7806",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"number of new active MRI-evident lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1027,
1067
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7807",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"other MRI measures"
],
"offsets": [
[
1126,
1144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7808",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"clinical endpoints"
],
"offsets": [
[
1149,
1167
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7809",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"new active lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1197,
1215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7810",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"new active lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1197,
1215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7811",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"active lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1201,
1215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7812",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"active lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1201,
1215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7813",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"new active MRI-evident lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1037,
1067
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7814",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"new active lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1197,
1215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7815",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"anti-herpes"
],
"offsets": [
[
62,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7816",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MS"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7817",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MS"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7818",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MS"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7819",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Seventy"
],
"offsets": [
[
567,
574
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7820",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MS"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7821",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MS"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7822",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MRI-evident disease activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
2478,
2506
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7823 | 11783270 | [
{
"id": "7824",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Clinical study on retarding aging effect of tongbu recipe to traditional Chinese medicine ] . OBJECTIVE To study the mechanism of Tongbu No . 1 ( TB1 , a prescription for reinforcing Kidney and Spleen , clearing up the bowel viscera to send Turbid downward and regulating Qi and blood ) in retarding aging . METHODS A controlled , multiple indexes study was conducted in 56 old subjects randomized into 3 groups . RESULTS TB1 ( containing ginseng leaf , cistanche , fleeceflower root , immature bitter orange , rhubarb , etc ) could improve various symptoms of aging , and had the effect in regulating immune and endocrinal function , scavenging free radicals and adjusting coli flora . The effects of TB1 and TB2 ( containing ginseng leaf , cistanche and fleeceflower root ) were different significantly ( P < 0.05 , P < 0.01 ) . CONCLUSION TB1 has a good comprehensive effect in retarding aging ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
900
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7825",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Tongbu No"
],
"offsets": [
[
132,
141
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7826",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7827",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TB1"
],
"offsets": [
[
148,
151
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7828",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"retarding aging effect"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7829",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"retarding aging"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7830",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"regulating immune and endocrinal function"
],
"offsets": [
[
593,
634
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7831",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"scavenging free radicals"
],
"offsets": [
[
637,
661
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7832",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"adjusting coli flora"
],
"offsets": [
[
666,
686
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7833",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"retarding aging"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7834",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"56"
],
"offsets": [
[
373,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7835",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"old"
],
"offsets": [
[
376,
379
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7836 | 11786587 | [
{
"id": "7837",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Dronabinol versus megestrol acetate versus combination therapy for cancer-associated anorexia : a North Central Cancer Treatment Group study . PURPOSE To determine whether dronabinol administered alone or with megestrol acetate was more , less , or equal in efficacy to single-agent megestrol acetate for palliating cancer-associated anorexia . PATIENTS AND METHODS Four hundred sixty-nine assessable advanced cancer patients were randomized to ( 1 ) oral megestrol acetate 800 mg/d liquid suspension plus placebo , ( 2 ) oral dronabinol 2.5 mg twice a day plus placebo , or ( 3 ) both agents . Eligible patients acknowledged that loss of appetite or weight was a problem and reported the loss of 5 pounds or more during 2 months and/or a daily intake of less than 20 calories/kg of body weight . RESULTS Groups were comparable at baseline in age , sex , tumor type , weight loss , and performance status . A greater percentage of megestrol acetate-treated patients reported appetite improvement and weight gain compared with dronabinol-treated patients : 75 % versus 49 % ( P =.0001 ) for appetite and 11 % versus 3 % ( P =.02 ) for > or = 10 % baseline weight gain . Combination treatment resulted in no significant differences in appetite or weight compared with megestrol acetate alone . The Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy questionnaire , which emphasizes anorexia-related questions , demonstrated an improvement in quality of life ( QOL ) among megestrol acetate-treated and combination-treated patients . The single-item Uniscale , a global QOL instrument , found comparable scores . Toxicity was also comparable , with the exception of an increased incidence of impotence among men who received megestrol acetate . CONCLUSION In the doses and schedules we studied , megestrol acetate provided superior anorexia palliation among advanced cancer patients compared with dronabinol alone . Combination therapy did not appear to confer additional benefit ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1978
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7838",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Dronabinol"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7839",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate versus combination therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
62
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7840",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dronabinol"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7841",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7842",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7843",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7844",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"liquid suspension"
],
"offsets": [
[
483,
500
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7845",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"plus placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
513
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7846",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dronabinol"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7847",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
513
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7848",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
931,
956
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7849",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dronabinol-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
1026,
1044
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7850",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7851",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
931,
956
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7852",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7853",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"megestrol acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7854",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dronabinol"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7855",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"appetite improvement and weight gain"
],
"offsets": [
[
975,
1011
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7856",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"differences in appetite or weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
1218,
1251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7857",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of life ( QOL )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1440,
1463
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7858",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"QOL"
],
"offsets": [
[
1458,
1461
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7859",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1610,
1618
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7860",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"impotence"
],
"offsets": [
[
1689,
1698
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7861",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Four hundred sixty-nine"
],
"offsets": [
[
366,
389
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7862",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Eligible patients acknowledged that loss of appetite or weight was a problem and reported the loss of 5 pounds or more during 2 months and/or a daily intake of less than 20 calories/kg of body weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
595,
794
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7863",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
124,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7864 | 11788219 | [
{
"id": "7865",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Quantitative angiographic methods for appropriate end-point analysis , edge-effect evaluation , and prediction of recurrent restenosis after coronary brachytherapy with gamma irradiation . OBJECTIVES The study was done to investigate the relationship between clinical restenosis and the relative angiographic location of the recurrent restenotic lesion , after treatment of in-stent restenosis with vascular brachytherapy in the Washington Radiation for In-Stent Restenosis Trial ( WRIST ) . BACKGROUND Intracoronary radiation therapy reduces recurrence of in-stent restenosis . We investigated the above objective in patients enrolled in WRIST . METHODS The WRIST study randomized 130 patients to double-blinded therapy with gamma irradiation ( iridium-192 [ ( 192 ) Ir ] ) versus placebo after interventional treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis . After the intervention and at follow-up , three vessel segments were individually analyzed with quantitative coronary angiography : 1 ) the \" stent , \" 2 ) the \" radiation ribbon , \" and 3 ) the \" ribbon+margin \" segment ( including 5 mm on either end of the injured or radiation-ribbon segment ) . Receiver operator curves ( ROC ) were used to assess the value of the follow-up percent diameter stenosis ( DS ) for each of the three analyzed segments in predicting target vessel revascularization ( TVR ) . RESULTS ( 192 ) Ir reduced recurrent restenosis ( 23.7 % vs. 60.7 % , p < 0.001 ) and the length of recurrent restenosis ( 8.99 +/- 4.34 mm vs. 17.54 +/- 10.48 mm , p < 0.001 ) at follow-up compared to placebo . Isolated stent edge ( 3.4 % ) and ribbon edge ( 1.7 % ) restenoses were infrequent in both groups . The best angiographic surrogate of TVR was the 50 % follow-up DS obtained from the ribbon+margin analysis ( ROC area 0.806 ) . CONCLUSIONS In WRIST , not only was ( 192 ) Ir therapy effective in reducing restenosis , but it also reduced the lesion length of treatment failures by 50 % , and it was not associated with edge proliferation . The restenosis rate obtained from the vessel segment inclusive of the dose fall-off zones was the best correlate of TVR and should become a standard analysis site in all vascular brachytherapy trials ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2214
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7866",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"coronary brachytherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
141,
163
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7867",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"vascular brachytherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
399,
421
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7868",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Intracoronary radiation therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
503,
534
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7869",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"double-blinded therapy with gamma irradiation ( iridium-192 [ ( 192 ) Ir ] )"
],
"offsets": [
[
698,
774
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7870",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
782,
789
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7871",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"interventional treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
796,
851
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7872",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"( 192 ) Ir therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1837,
1855
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7873",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"end-point analysis , edge-effect evaluation"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7874",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prediction of recurrent restenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
134
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7875",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recurrent restenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
134
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7876",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"length of recurrent restenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1452,
1482
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7877",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Isolated stent edge"
],
"offsets": [
[
1574,
1593
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7878",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ribbon edge"
],
"offsets": [
[
1608,
1619
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7879",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"restenoses"
],
"offsets": [
[
1630,
1640
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7880",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"coronary brachytherapy with gamma irradiation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
141,
188
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7881 | 11789002 | [
{
"id": "7882",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Statins in the treatment of patients with arterial occlusive disease of the lower extremities ] . In patients with advanced atherosclerosis manifested by arterial occlusion in the lower extremities without a baseline blood lipid disorder statin treatment caused improvement of the efficiency , i.e . prolongation of the claudication interval , while in a comparable control group without statins the efficiency deteriorated further . In patients with arterial occlusion of the lower extremities with baseline dyslipidaemia statin treatment proved protective , i.e . at least it retarded the patients ' complaints . The authors recorded improvement of the prooxidation state which followed after the dynamics of improvement of the impaired blood lipid spectrum . The results admit a possible part played by the pleiotropic effect of statins ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
843
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7883",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Statins"
],
"offsets": [
[
2,
9
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7884",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"statin"
],
"offsets": [
[
240,
246
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7885",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"statin"
],
"offsets": [
[
240,
246
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7886",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficiency , i.e ."
],
"offsets": [
[
283,
301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7887",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prolongation of the claudication interval"
],
"offsets": [
[
302,
343
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7888",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"protective"
],
"offsets": [
[
549,
559
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7889",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"at least it retarded the patients ' complaints"
],
"offsets": [
[
568,
614
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7890",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"the prooxidation state"
],
"offsets": [
[
653,
675
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7891",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood lipid spectrum"
],
"offsets": [
[
741,
761
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7892 | 11791023 | [
{
"id": "7893",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"1999 WHO/ISH Guidelines applied to a 1999 MONICA sample from northern Sweden . BACKGROUND Treating hypertension with drugs is so far the most cost-effective way to reduce this important risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) . It is , however , important to determine absolute risk , and thereby estimate indication for drug treatment , in order to maintain a cost-effective drug treatment . WHO/ISH Hypertension Guidelines from 1999 propose a risk stratification for estimating absolute risk for CVD based on blood pressure and additional risk factors , target organ damage ( TOD ) and CVD . OBJECTIVES We studied the consequences of applying the recent WHO/ISH risk stratification scheme to a MONICA sample of 6000 subjects from a geographically defined population in northern Sweden , regarding indications for treatment , target blood pressure and risk distribution . METHODS We have risk-classified each of these patients using a computer program , according to the WHO/ISH scheme . Data on TOD were not available . RESULTS In all , 917 ( 15 % ) had drug-treated hypertension . Three-quarters ( n = 737 ) were inadequately treated , with blood pressure levels at or above 140 or 90 mmHg . 1773 ( 30 % of 5997 ) untreated subjects had a blood pressure of 140/90 or above ; 16 % in the low- , 62 % in the medium- , 8 % in the high- , and 14 % in the very-high-risk group . The corresponding risk-group pattern for the inadequately treated hypertensives ( n = 737 ) was 5.5 , 48.3 , 11.1 and 35.2 % , respectively . If we shifted the target blood pressure from below 140/90 to below 130/85 for drug-treated subjects under 60 ( n = 278 ) the number of inadequately treated subjects increased by 34 ( 12.2 % of 278 ) ; 14 in the low-risk group , 15 in the medium-risk group , and only five in the high- or very-high-risk groups . CONCLUSIONS Only one-fifth of the drug-treated hypertensives were well controlled . Moreover , the incidence of newly detected blood pressure elevation was high . The majority of younger subjects with high blood pressure had low risk , but in those aged 45-54 this had already risen to a medium risk . Changing the target blood pressure to below 130/85 , for subjects aged below 60 , as recommended by WHO/ISH , affects predominantly low- and medium-risk groups ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2301
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7894",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"WHO/ISH risk stratification scheme"
],
"offsets": [
[
663,
697
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7895",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"computer program"
],
"offsets": [
[
943,
959
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7896",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1151,
1172
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7897",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"number of inadequately treated subjects"
],
"offsets": [
[
1651,
1690
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7898",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"newly detected blood pressure elevation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1950,
1989
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7899",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"drug-treated hypertension"
],
"offsets": [
[
1063,
1088
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7900",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"aged 45-54"
],
"offsets": [
[
2087,
2097
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7901",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"subjects aged below 60"
],
"offsets": [
[
2197,
2219
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7902 | 11804430 | [
{
"id": "7903",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Improved responsiveness of PCOS patients to clomiphene after CYP17a inhibitor . PURPOSE To study the effect of CYP17a inhibitor , \" ketoconazole , \" on clomiphene responsiveness in PCOS patients . METHODS Prospective analysis was employed with the setup at Alexandria IVF/ICSI center . Ninety-seven insulin-resistant PCOS patients undergoing ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate were randomly divided , by random number table , into two groups . The first group ( n = 49 ) received ketoconazole ( 400 mg daily ) till correction of metabolic syndrome followed by clomiphene ( 100 mg/day ) ; the second group ( n = 48 ) receiving clomiphene without ketoconazole pretreatment . Main outcome measures were incidence of clomiphene resistance , monofollicular response , fasting insulin/glucose ratio , serum testosterone , and pregnancy rates . RESULTS The ketoconazole group showed significantly ( p < 0.05 ) higher incidence of monofollicular response ( 38 % ) , higher pregnancy rates , and significantly less marked antiestrogenic manifestations than did the control group . They also had significantly lower incidence of clomiphene resistance ( 11.6 % ) , lower serum testosterone levels , less hyperinsulinaemia , than did the control group . CONCLUSION Ketoconazole improved clomiphene responsivenss in PCOS patients and attenuated its untoward biological effects ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1375
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7904",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clomiphene"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7905",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CYP17a inhibitor ."
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7906",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CYP17a inhibitor , \" ketoconazole , \""
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
148
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7907",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clomiphene citrate"
],
"offsets": [
[
368,
386
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7908",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ketoconazole"
],
"offsets": [
[
132,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7909",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clomiphene"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7910",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clomiphene"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7911",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ketoconazole pretreatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
655,
680
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7912",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ketoconazole"
],
"offsets": [
[
132,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7913",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Ketoconazole"
],
"offsets": [
[
1263,
1275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7914",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"incidence of clomiphene resistance , monofollicular response , fasting insulin/glucose ratio , serum testosterone , and pregnancy rates ."
],
"offsets": [
[
710,
847
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7915",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"incidence of monofollicular response"
],
"offsets": [
[
920,
956
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7916",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"higher pregnancy rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
968,
990
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7917",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"significantly less marked antiestrogenic manifestations"
],
"offsets": [
[
997,
1052
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7918",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"incidence of clomiphene resistance"
],
"offsets": [
[
710,
744
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7919",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower serum testosterone levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1164,
1195
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7920",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hyperinsulinaemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1203,
1220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7921",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"clomiphene responsivenss in PCOS patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1285,
1326
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7922",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"untoward biological effects ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1346,
1375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7923",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PCOS patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7924 | 11812696 | [
{
"id": "7925",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Small-dose selective spinal anesthesia for short-duration outpatient laparoscopy : recovery characteristics compared with desflurane anesthesia . UNLABELLED We conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare the recovery characteristics of selective spinal anesthesia ( SSA ) and desflurane anesthesia ( DES ) in outpatient gynecological laparoscopy . Twenty ASA physical status I patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy were randomized to receive either SSA with lidocaine 10 mg + sufentanil 10 microg or general anesthesia with DES and N ( 2 ) O. Intraoperative conditions , recovery times , postanesthesia recovery scores , and postoperative outcomes were recorded . Intraoperative conditions were comparable in both groups . All patients in the SSA group were awake and oriented at the end of surgery , whereas patients in the DES group required 7 +/- 2 min for extubation and orientation . SSA patients had a significantly shorter time to straight leg raising ( 3 +/- 1 min versus 9 +/- 4 min ; P < 0.0001 ) and to ambulation ( 3 +/- 0.9 min versus 59 +/- 16 min ; P < 0.0001 ) compared with the DES group . SSA patients had significantly less postoperative pain than DES patients ( P < 0.05 ) . We concluded that SSA was an effective alternative to DES for outpatient gynecological laparoscopy . IMPLICATIONS This study compared the use of a desflurane general anesthetic to a small-dose spinal anesthetic in ambulatory gynecological laparoscopy . Using the spinal technique , patients can walk from the operating room table to a stretcher on completion of surgery . Their recovery time was similar to that of the desflurane group ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1647
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7926",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"spinal anesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7927",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"desflurane anesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
122,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7928",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"selective spinal anesthesia ( SSA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
243,
278
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7929",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"desflurane anesthesia ( DES )"
],
"offsets": [
[
283,
312
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7930",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"gynecological laparoscopy"
],
"offsets": [
[
327,
352
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7931",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"SSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7932",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lidocaine 10 mg + sufentanil 10 microg"
],
"offsets": [
[
473,
511
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7933",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"general anesthesia with DES and N ( 2 ) O."
],
"offsets": [
[
515,
557
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7934",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"SSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7935",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"DES"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
310
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7936",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"SSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7937",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"DES"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
310
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7938",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"SSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7939",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"DES"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
310
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7940",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"DES"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
310
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7941",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"desflurane"
],
"offsets": [
[
122,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7942",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"desflurane"
],
"offsets": [
[
122,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7943",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Intraoperative conditions , recovery times , postanesthesia recovery scores , and postoperative outcomes"
],
"offsets": [
[
558,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7944",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shorter time to straight leg raising"
],
"offsets": [
[
937,
973
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7945",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ambulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1029,
1039
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7946",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"postoperative pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
1158,
1176
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7947",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"recovery time"
],
"offsets": [
[
586,
599
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7948",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty"
],
"offsets": [
[
355,
361
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7949",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASA physical status I"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
383
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7950 | 11815321 | [
{
"id": "7951",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Marginal biotin deficiency during normal pregnancy . BACKGROUND Biotin deficiency is teratogenic in several mammalian species . Approximately 50 % of pregnant women have an abnormally increased urinary excretion of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid ( 3-HIA ) , which probably reflects decreased activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase . However , increased 3-HIA excretion could result from pregnancy per se ( eg , from an effect of pregnancy on renal handling of organic acids ) . OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that biotin supplementation significantly decreases 3-HIA excretion in pregnant women with abnormally increased 3-HIA excretion . DESIGN Twenty-six pregnant women with increased 3-HIA excretion were studied in a randomized , placebo-controlled trial ; 10 women were studied during early pregnancy ( 6-17 wk gestation ) and 16 women during late pregnancy ( 21-37 wk gestation ) . Urine samples were collected before and after 14 d of supplementation with 300 microg ( 1.2 micromol ) biotin/d or placebo . RESULTS In the early-pregnancy group , 3-HIA excretion decreased ( P < 0.006 ) by 11.7 +/- 3.6 mmol/mol creatinine ( mean +/- SEM ) in the 5 women who received biotin supplements , whereas 3-HIA excretion increased by 1.6 +/- 0.6 mmol/mol creatinine in the 5 women who received placebo . In the late-pregnancy group , 3-HIA excretion decreased ( P < 0.002 ) by 7.1 +/- 1.2 mmol/mol creatinine in the 8 women who received biotin supplements , whereas 3-HIA excretion increased by 0.9 +/- 1.8 mmol/mol creatinine in the 8 women who received placebo . CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that the increased excretion of 3-HIA seen frequently in normal pregnancy reflects reduced biotin status . The conclusion that marginal biotin deficiency occurs frequently in the first trimester further raises concern about potential human teratogenicity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1889
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7952",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
764,
782
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7953",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"300 microg ( 1.2 micromol ) biotin/d"
],
"offsets": [
[
993,
1029
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7954",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
764,
771
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7955",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"3-hydroxyisovaleric acid ( 3-HIA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
215,
249
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7956",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Urine samples"
],
"offsets": [
[
918,
931
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7957",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"3-HIA excretion"
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7958",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"3-HIA excretion"
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7959",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"3-HIA excretion"
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7960",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"3-HIA excretion"
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7961",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"excretion of 3-HIA"
],
"offsets": [
[
1652,
1670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7962",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"biotin status ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1724,
1739
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7963",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"normal pregnancy"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7964",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pregnant"
],
"offsets": [
[
150,
158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7965",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
164
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7966",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pregnant"
],
"offsets": [
[
150,
158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7967",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
164
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7968",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"increased 3-HIA excretion"
],
"offsets": [
[
369,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7969",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty-six"
],
"offsets": [
[
676,
686
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7970",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pregnant"
],
"offsets": [
[
150,
158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7971",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
164
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7972",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"increased 3-HIA excretion"
],
"offsets": [
[
369,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
7973 | 11815957 | [
{
"id": "7974",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin compared with conventional doxorubicin in a randomized multicenter trial as first-line therapy of metastatic breast carcinoma . BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of the liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin , TLC D-99 ( Myocet , Elan Pharmaceuticals , Princeton , NJ ) , and conventional doxorubicin in first-line treatment of metastatic breast carcinoma ( MBC ) . METHODS Two hundred twenty-four patients with MBC and no prior therapy for metastatic disease were randomized to receive either TLC D-99 ( 75 mg/m ( 2 ) ) or doxorubicin ( 75 mg/m ( 2 ) ) every 3 weeks , in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity . The primary efficacy endpoint was response rate . Responses were assessed using World Health Organization criteria and were required to be of at least 6 weeks ' duration . The primary safety endpoint was cardiotoxicity . Cardiac function was monitored by multiple-gated radionuclide cardioangiography scan , and the left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF ) was scored at a central laboratory . Patients were removed from study if LVEF declined 20 or more EF units from baseline to a final value of greater than or equal to 50 % , or by 10 or more units to a final value of less than 50 % , or onset of clinical congestive heart failure ( CHF ) . RESULTS Median age was 54 years in both treatment groups . All relevant prognostic factors were balanced , with the exception that there were significantly more progesterone receptor positive patients in the doxorubicin-treated group . Protocol-defined cardiotoxicity was observed in 13 % of TLC D-99 patients ( including 2 cases of CHF ) compared to 29 % of doxorubicin patients ( including 9 cases of CHF ) . Median cumulative doxorubicin dose at onset of cardiotoxicity was 785 mg/m ( 2 ) for TLC D-99 versus 570 mg/m ( 2 ) for doxorubicin ( P = 0.0001 ; hazard ratio , 3.56 ) . The overall response rate was 26 % in both treatment groups . The median TTP was 2.9 months on TLC D-99 versus 3.1 months on doxorubicin . Median survival was 16 versus 20 months with a nonsignificant trend in favor of doxorubicin ( P = 0.09 ) . Clinical toxicities , commonly associated with doxorubicin , appeared less common with TLC D-99 , although the difference was not statistically significant . There was only one report of palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia ( Grade 2 ) with this liposomal formulation of doxorubicin . CONCLUSIONS Single-agent TLC D-99 produces less cardiotoxicity than doxorubicin , while providing comparable antitumor activity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2598
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "7975",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7976",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"conventional doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7977",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
249,
282
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7978",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TLC D-99 ( Myocet , Elan Pharmaceuticals , Princeton , NJ )"
],
"offsets": [
[
285,
344
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7979",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"conventional doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7980",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TLC D-99 ( 75 mg/m ( 2 ) )"
],
"offsets": [
[
569,
595
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7981",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7982",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"multiple-gated radionuclide cardioangiography scan"
],
"offsets": [
[
965,
1015
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7983",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
1567,
1586
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7984",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7985",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7986",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TLC D-99"
],
"offsets": [
[
285,
293
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7987",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7988",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7989",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7990",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7991",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TLC D-99"
],
"offsets": [
[
285,
293
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7992",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7993",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Protocol-defined"
],
"offsets": [
[
1595,
1611
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7994",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiotoxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
914,
928
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7995",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Median cumulative doxorubicin dose at onset of"
],
"offsets": [
[
1770,
1816
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7996",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiotoxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
914,
928
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7997",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"overall response rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1945,
1966
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7998",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"median TTP"
],
"offsets": [
[
2007,
2017
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "7999",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"Median survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
2080,
2095
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8000",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"toxicities"
],
"offsets": [
[
2196,
2206
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8001",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
2374,
2407
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8002",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"metastatic breast carcinoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
132,
159
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8003",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Two hundred twenty-four"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
472
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8004",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MBC"
],
"offsets": [
[
433,
436
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8005",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"54 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
1382,
1390
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8006 | 11816482 | [
{
"id": "8007",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Intravesical instillation of doxorubicin or epirubicin for chemoprophylaxis of superficial bladder cancer -- the fifth study of the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin/Farumorubicin ] . A total of 465 patients with primary and multiple or recurrent , stages Ta and T1 superficial bladder cancer were included in this randomized multicenter trial to compare the prophylactic effect by 17 times instillation of 40 mg doxorubicin or 40 mg epirubicin with no instillation after transurethral resection of tumor ( s ) . The primary endpoint was first recurrence after transurethral resection . Endoscopic examination as well as urinary cytology was performed in each case every three months . It became evident that the recurrence rate in the doxorubicin or epirubicin instillation arm was lower that in the no instillation arm . Toxicity was mainly restricted to bladder irritation in about 10 % of patients in each instillation arm ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
953
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8008",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8009",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"40 mg doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
432,
449
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8010",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"40 mg epirubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
453,
469
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8011",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8012",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"epirubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8013",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"first recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
563,
579
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8014",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Endoscopic examination"
],
"offsets": [
[
612,
634
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8015",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"urinary cytology"
],
"offsets": [
[
646,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8016",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recurrence rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
738,
753
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8017",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
848,
856
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8018",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"bladder irritation"
],
"offsets": [
[
882,
900
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8019",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"465"
],
"offsets": [
[
220,
223
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8020",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"superficial bladder cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
107
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8021 | 11819768 | [
{
"id": "8022",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer : current status of the Austrain Czech German gastric cancer prevention trial ( PRISMA Study ) . AIM To test the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori eradication alone can reduce the incidence of gastric cancer in a subgroup of individuals with an increased risk for this fatal disease . METHODS It is a prospective , randomized , double blind , placebo controlled multinational multicenter trial . Men between 55 and 65 years of age with a gastric cancer phenotype of Helicobacter pylori gastritis are randomized to receive a 7 day course of omeprazole 2 X 20mg , clarithromycin 2 X 500mg , and amoxicillin 2 X 1g for 7 days , or omeprazole 2 X 20mg plus placebo . Follow-up endoscopy is scheduled 3 months after therapy , and thereafter in one-year intervals . Predefined study endpoints are gastric cancer , precancerous lesions ( dysplasia , adenoma ) , other cancers , and death . RESULTS Since March 1998 , 1524 target patients have been screened , 279 patients ( 18.3 % ) had a corpus dominant type of H. pylori gastritis , and 167 of those were randomized ( 58.8 % ) . In the active treatment group ( r = 86 ) , H. pylori infection infection was cured in 88.9 % of patients . Currently , the cumulative follow-up time is 3046 months ( 253.38 patient years , median follow up 16 months ) . So far , none of the patients developed gastric cancer or any precancerous lesion . Three ( 1.8 % ) patients reached study endpoints other than gastric cancer . CONCLUSION Among men between 55 and 65 years of age , the gastric cancer phenotype of H. pylori gastritis appears to be more common than expected . Further follow up and continuing recruitment are necessary to fulfil the main aim of the study ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1740
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8023",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
384,
391
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8024",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"omeprazole 2 X 20mg"
],
"offsets": [
[
581,
600
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8025",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clarithromycin 2 X 500mg"
],
"offsets": [
[
603,
627
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8026",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amoxicillin 2 X 1g"
],
"offsets": [
[
634,
652
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8027",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"omeprazole 2 X 20mg"
],
"offsets": [
[
581,
600
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8028",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
384,
391
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8029",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8030",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8031",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"precancerous lesions ( dysplasia , adenoma ) , other cancers"
],
"offsets": [
[
849,
909
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8032",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"death"
],
"offsets": [
[
916,
921
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8033",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cured"
],
"offsets": [
[
1192,
1197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8034",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8035",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"any precancerous lesion"
],
"offsets": [
[
1393,
1416
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8036",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8037",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Austrain Czech German gastric cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8038",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"subgroup of individuals with an increased risk for this fatal disease ."
],
"offsets": [
[
254,
325
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8039",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Men between 55 and 65 years of age with a gastric cancer phenotype of Helicobacter pylori gastritis are randomized"
],
"offsets": [
[
437,
551
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8040 | 11824175 | [
{
"id": "8041",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A double-blind , placebo-controlled crossover study investigating the effect of porcine secretin in children with autism . OBJECTIVES A recent patient series reported the incidental findings of improved social and language skills in 3 children with autistic spectrum disorders after the administration of secretin , a peptide hormone . However , a subsequent study did not find evidence for a drug effect . Parents are seeking treatment with secretin despite the absence of empirical investigations demonstrating amelioration in autism symptomology . In order to more precisely measure the effects of secretin , this study investigated the effect of a single intravenous dose of porcine secretin on 12 autistic children through a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover study . Children were assessed on objective language and on social , neuropsychological , and gastrointestinal measures to evaluate drug effects . The study was conducted over a 16-week trial . The results indicated that significant differences were not observed on the majority of the dependent variables . Statistically significant differences were observed on measures of positive affect and activity level following secretin infusion . In general , the autistic children did not demonstrate the improvements described in the initial retrospective report ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1348
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8042",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8043",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"porcine secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
80,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8044",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8045",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8046",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8047",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intravenous dose of porcine secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
659,
695
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8048",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8049",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"secretin"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8050",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"objective language and on social , neuropsychological , and"
],
"offsets": [
[
823,
882
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8051",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastrointestinal measures"
],
"offsets": [
[
883,
908
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8052",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"measures of positive affect and activity level"
],
"offsets": [
[
1152,
1198
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8053",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8054",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8055",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8056",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic spectrum disorders"
],
"offsets": [
[
249,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8057",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"12"
],
"offsets": [
[
699,
701
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8058",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8059",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8060 | 11828556 | [
{
"id": "8061",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Carpal tunnel release by limited palmar incision vs traditional open technique : randomized controlled trial . AIM To compare a limited palmar incision for carpal tunnel release ( CTR ) with a traditional open technique , which is still considered the gold standard . METHODS Seventy-two patients with a carpal tunnel syndrome were individually randomized into the trial ( limited incision CTR ) ( n=36 ) and control group ( traditional technique CTR ) ( n=36 ) . In the trial group , skin incision parallel to the thenar crease was made up to 2.5 cm in length , under an operating microscope and endoscopic transillumination . Skin incision in the control group began at the distal border of the carpal ligament , followed the longitudinal crease of the palm , and crossed the base of the palm in a zigzag fashion . Three months after surgery , the patients were asked about symptomatic relief and intervals between the operation and return to their daily activities and work , and examined for scar tenderness and esthetic outcome . Distal motor latency , conduction velocity , scar length , scar width , and operation time were measured . RESULTS There were no differences between the two groups in symptomatic relief and electrophysiological parameters . Intervals between the operation and return to daily activities ( median 5 days , range 2-15 ) were shorter in the trial group than in the control group ( median 10 days , range 2-21 ; p < 0.001 ) , as well as the intervals between the operation and return to work ( median 15 days , range 5-45 vs median 30 days , range 10-60 ; p < 0.001 ) . Scar/pillar tenderness , scar length and width , esthetic outcome , and operation time were significantly better in the trial group . CONCLUSION Limited palmar incision CTR is as effective and safe as traditional CTR technique , but with better postoperative recovery and cosmetic results ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1891
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8062",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"limited palmar incision"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8063",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"traditional open technique"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8064",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"limited palmar incision"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8065",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"for"
],
"offsets": [
[
152,
155
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8066",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"carpal tunnel release ( CTR )"
],
"offsets": [
[
156,
185
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8067",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"traditional open technique"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8068",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"("
],
"offsets": [
[
178,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8069",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"limited incision CTR"
],
"offsets": [
[
373,
393
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8070",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
")"
],
"offsets": [
[
184,
185
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8071",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"( traditional technique CTR )"
],
"offsets": [
[
423,
452
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8072",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"Skin incision"
],
"offsets": [
[
628,
641
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8073",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"Limited palmar incision CTR"
],
"offsets": [
[
1746,
1773
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8074",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"traditional CTR technique"
],
"offsets": [
[
1802,
1827
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8075",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptomatic relief and intervals between the operation and return to their daily activities and work , and examined for scar tenderness and esthetic outcome . Distal motor latency , conduction velocity , scar length , scar width , and operation time"
],
"offsets": [
[
876,
1125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8076",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptomatic relief and electrophysiological parameters . Intervals between the operation and return to daily activities"
],
"offsets": [
[
1202,
1321
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8077",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intervals between the operation and return to work"
],
"offsets": [
[
1472,
1522
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8078",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Scar/pillar tenderness , scar length and width , esthetic outcome , and operation time"
],
"offsets": [
[
1601,
1687
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8079",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Seventy-two patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
276,
296
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8080",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"with a carpal tunnel syndrome were individually randomized into the trial ( limited incision CTR ) ( n=36 ) and control group ( traditional technique CTR ) ( n=36 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
297,
461
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8081",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"trial group , skin incision parallel to the thenar crease was made up to 2.5 cm in length , under an operating microscope and endoscopic transillumination"
],
"offsets": [
[
471,
625
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8082 | 11832869 | [
{
"id": "8083",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Changes in selected fitness parameters following six weeks of snowshoe training . BACKGROUND Recently , there has been an increase in popularity and participation in the sport of snowshoeing . While the sport has gained considerable recognition , to date there is little or no scientific research regarding training responses to snowshoeing as a form of exercise . Therefore , the purpose of this study was to determine whether snowshoe training could improve fitness measures . A further purpose was to compare responses from a snowshoe training program to a similarly designed run training program . METHODS This prospective , comparative study was conducted with healthy males and females between the ages of 19 and 24 . These subjects were recruited from the University of Vermont population and surrounding community . Following baseline measurements in VO2max , running time to exhaustion ( RTE ) , and anthropometry , 17 subjects ( 10 snowshoers and 7 runners ) participated in a six week conditioning program . Both groups exercised for 30 min at 75-85 % age predicted maximum heart rate , 3-4 times per week , for a total of 18 sessions . RESULTS VO2max improved significantly in both running and snowshoeing groups , 6.3 and 8.5 % , respectively . Run time to exhaustion also improved significantly in both groups , 23.3 and 33.5 % , respectively . There were no changes in anthropometry for either group . With the exception of RTE , there were no statistically significant differences between groups in any other measurements at baseline . CONCLUSIONS These results support the acceptability of snowshoeing as a valid means to improve or maintain cardiovascular endurance ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1685
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8084",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"snowshoe training"
],
"offsets": [
[
62,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8085",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"snowshoeing"
],
"offsets": [
[
179,
190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8086",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"snowshoe training program"
],
"offsets": [
[
529,
554
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8087",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"run training program"
],
"offsets": [
[
579,
599
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8088",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fitness parameters"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8089",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"training responses"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
325
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8090",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fitness measures ."
],
"offsets": [
[
460,
478
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8091",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"VO2max ,"
],
"offsets": [
[
859,
867
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8092",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"running time to exhaustion ( RTE )"
],
"offsets": [
[
868,
902
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8093",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
", and anthropometry"
],
"offsets": [
[
903,
922
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8094",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anthropometry"
],
"offsets": [
[
909,
922
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8095",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiovascular endurance ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1659,
1685
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8096",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy"
],
"offsets": [
[
666,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8097",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
674,
679
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8098",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"females"
],
"offsets": [
[
684,
691
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8099",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"19 and 24"
],
"offsets": [
[
712,
721
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8100",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"17"
],
"offsets": [
[
925,
927
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8101 | 11835021 | [
{
"id": "8102",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The Low Energy Safety Study ( LESS ) : rationale , design , patient characteristics , and device utilization . BACKGROUND A 10-J energy safety margin has traditionally been used in programming implantable cardioverter defibrillators ( ICDs ) . The Low Energy Safety Study ( LESS ) tests the hypothesis that programming shocks to lower energy margins is safe and effective . METHODS Patients with standard ICD indications undergo defibrillation threshold testing ( DFT ) at the time of ICD implant , with reconfirmation of lowest successful energy twice ( DFT++ ) . Patients are randomized to 2 groups : the first has the initial 2 shocks for ventricular fibrillation conversion programmed at 2 energy steps above DFT++ ( typically 4-6 J , maximum 10 J ) with subsequent shocks at maximum energy , and the second has all shocks programmed at maximum energy . Patients are followed up every 3 months for 2 years to assess shock conversion efficacy of spontaneous arrhythmias . In a subgroup of patients , there is a second randomization to energy levels of 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , or 4 steps above implant DFT++ for conversion testing of 3 induced ventricular fibrillation episodes at prehospital discharge , 3 months , and 12 months after implant . RESULTS Enrollment is complete ( 702 patients ) , but follow-up results are pending . There were no significant variations in implant indications and baseline antiarrhythmic drug use over the 3-year enrollment period , although an increase in the percentage of dual-chamber ICDs implanted occurred , with the majority ( 65 % ) of implanted ICDs being dual-chamber devices by the end of the enrollment period . CONCLUSION The results of LESS should facilitate the development of algorithms for programming ICD energy safety margins ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1772
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8103",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Low Energy Safety Study"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8104",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"implantable cardioverter defibrillators"
],
"offsets": [
[
193,
232
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8105",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"( ICDs )"
],
"offsets": [
[
233,
241
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8106",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Low Energy Safety Study"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8107",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"defibrillation threshold testing ( DFT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
429,
469
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8108",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ICD implant"
],
"offsets": [
[
485,
496
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8109",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"initial 2 shocks for ventricular fibrillation conversion programmed at 2 energy steps above DFT++ ( typically 4-6 J , maximum 10 J ) with subsequent shocks at maximum energy"
],
"offsets": [
[
621,
794
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8110",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"all shocks programmed at maximum energy"
],
"offsets": [
[
816,
855
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8111",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"DFT++"
],
"offsets": [
[
555,
560
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8112",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"antiarrhythmic drug"
],
"offsets": [
[
1399,
1418
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8113",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shock conversion efficacy of spontaneous arrhythmias"
],
"offsets": [
[
920,
972
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8114",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"implant indications and baseline antiarrhythmic drug use"
],
"offsets": [
[
1366,
1422
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8115",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"percentage of dual-chamber ICDs implanted"
],
"offsets": [
[
1487,
1528
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8116",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"energy safety margins"
],
"offsets": [
[
1749,
1770
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8117",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8118",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"implantable cardioverter defibrillators"
],
"offsets": [
[
193,
232
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8119",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ICDs"
],
"offsets": [
[
235,
239
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8120",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Patients with standard ICD indications"
],
"offsets": [
[
382,
420
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8121",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ICD implant"
],
"offsets": [
[
485,
496
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8122",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"702"
],
"offsets": [
[
1273,
1276
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8123 | 11836674 | [
{
"id": "8124",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Multicenter randomized controlled trial of the management of unresectable malignant mesothelioma proposed by the British Thoracic Society and the British Medical Research Council . Malignant mesothelioma is almost invariably fatal . The incidence of the disease is rising rapidly in many countries , and there is no generally accepted standard treatment for patients with unresectable disease . According to current British Thoracic Society ( BTS ) guidelines , patients should be treated with active symptom control ( ASC ) , involving ( 1 ) regular follow-up in a specialist clinic ; ( 2 ) structured assessments of physical , psychological and social problems with appropriate action ; ( 3 ) rapid involvement of additional specialists ; and ( 4 ) parallel nursing support . Although many nonrandomized studies have reported tumor responses to anticancer chemotherapy , few have studied palliation and it is not known whether chemotherapy prolongs survival or provides clinically worthwhile palliation with acceptable toxicity when given in addition to ASC . We therefore plan to conduct a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing ( 1 ) ASC alone , ( 2 ) ASC plus mitomycin vinblastine and cisplatin ( MVP ) , and ( 3 ) ASC plus vinorelbine ( N ; Navelbine , Pierre Fabre Oncology , Winchester , UK ) . We chose these chemotherapy regimens because they have been shown in nonrandomized studies to provide good symptom control as recorded by patients . The outcome measures are overall survival , palliation of symptoms , performance status , analgesic usage , toxicity , quality of life , tumor response , and recurrence/progression-free survival . In a preliminary feasibility study , we are assessing the acceptability of the trial design to patients and the suitability of two standard quality-of-life instruments in mesothelioma . Data will help us to decide the final details of the large multicenter trial ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1925
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8125",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"ASC alone"
],
"offsets": [
[
1149,
1158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8126",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ASC plus mitomycin vinblastine and cisplatin ( MVP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1167,
1219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8127",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ASC plus vinorelbine"
],
"offsets": [
[
1232,
1252
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8128",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1489,
1505
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8129",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"palliation of symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
1508,
1530
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8130",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"performance status"
],
"offsets": [
[
1533,
1551
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8131",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"analgesic usage"
],
"offsets": [
[
1554,
1569
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8132",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1021,
1029
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8133",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of life"
],
"offsets": [
[
1583,
1598
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8134",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"tumor response"
],
"offsets": [
[
828,
842
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8135",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"recurrence/progression-free survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1622,
1658
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8136",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality-of-life"
],
"offsets": [
[
1801,
1816
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8137",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"management of unresectable malignant mesothelioma"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8138",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Malignant mesothelioma"
],
"offsets": [
[
181,
203
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8139 | 11837240 | [
{
"id": "8140",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Pacifier as a risk factor for acute otitis media ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
50
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8141",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Pacifier"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8142",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute otitis media"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8143 | 11837468 | [
{
"id": "8144",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Glibenclamide vs gliclazide in reducing oxidative stress in patients of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus -- a double blind randomized study . OBJECTIVE Parameters of oxidative stress were quantitated in 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in uncontrolled state and after control using oral glibenclamide or gliclazide . The estimates were further compared between the two groups irrespective of drug used to evaluate the difference , if any . METHODS The study was a double blind , uncontrolled , noncrossover and randomized trial . Fifty patients of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes were divided in to two groups . Group I ( 25 patients ) received capsule A ( glibenclamide ) while Group II ( 25 patients ) received capsule B ( gliclazide ) . The parameters studied were Superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , malonyl-dialdehyde ( MDA ) and reduced glutathione ( GSH ) . They were done at ( a ) uncontrolled stage ( FBS -- 165 +/- 16.7 mg/dl , PP -- 240 +/- 30.1 mg/dl and HbA1 -- 10.5 +/- 0.9 % in group I and FBS -- 150 +/- 15.8 mg/dl , PP -- 246 +/- 29.1 mg/dl HbA1 10.6 +/- 0.8 % in group II ) and during controlled stage at 12 weeks ( FBS -- 120 +/- 18.5 mg/dl , PP -- 180 +/- 19.1 mg/dl and HbA1 -- 8.4 +/- 0.29 % in group I and FBS -- 118 +/- 17.6 mg/dl , PP -- 176 +/- 20.1 mg/dl and HbA1 -- 8.5 +/- 0.39 % in group II patients ) . RESULTS The significantly raised levels of MDA and SOD , and decreased levels of reduced glutathione ( GSH ) during uncontrolled stage of diabetes indicated free radical stress induced lipid peroxidation . The significant fall of MDA and SOD and increased levels of GSH in blood in both groups after control revealed beneficial effects of glycemic control on oxidative stress . The levels were not normalized and stayed higher than those in controls . On intergroup comparison ; the control of diabetes with gliclazide ( group II ) showed improvement in oxidative stress ( MDA , GSH ) better ( p < 0.001 ) than glibenclamide ( group I ) . CONCLUSION Oxidative stress in uncontrolled diabetes is decreased with glycemic control . The control of diabetes with gliclazide reduced oxidative stress more than glibenclamide , indicating higher antioxidant properties of gliclazide . Normalization of oxidative stress was not achieved . Further studies are required to see long-term effect of drug therapy in combating oxidative stress after achieving acceptable control of diabetes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2418
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8145",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Glibenclamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8146",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gliclazide"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8147",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glibenclamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
302,
315
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8148",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gliclazide"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8149",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glibenclamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
302,
315
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8150",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gliclazide"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8151",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gliclazide"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8152",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glibenclamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
302,
315
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8153",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gliclazide"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8154",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glibenclamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
302,
315
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8155",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxidative stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8156",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxidative stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8157",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Superoxide dismutase ( SOD )"
],
"offsets": [
[
780,
808
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8158",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"malonyl-dialdehyde ( MDA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
811,
837
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8159",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"reduced glutathione ( GSH )"
],
"offsets": [
[
842,
869
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8160",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of MDA and SOD"
],
"offsets": [
[
1374,
1395
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8161",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of reduced glutathione ( GSH )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1412,
1449
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8162",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fall of MDA and SOD"
],
"offsets": [
[
1563,
1582
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8163",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increased levels of GSH in blood"
],
"offsets": [
[
1587,
1619
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8164",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxidative stress ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1700,
1718
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8165",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxidative stress ( MDA , GSH )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1895,
1925
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8166",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Oxidative stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
1991,
2007
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8167",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxidative stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8168",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxidative stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8169",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxidative stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8170",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8171",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"type 2 diabetes mellitus in uncontrolled state"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8172",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"uncontrolled type 2 diabetes"
],
"offsets": [
[
563,
591
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8173 | 11838820 | [
{
"id": "8174",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Methodological issues in designing a multisite trial of risperidone in children and adolescents with autism . OBJECTIVE To describe the methodological challenges and decisions made in developing a multisite , controlled study of risperidone in children and adolescents with autism . METHODS Review the design considerations for clinical trials in children with autistic disorder accompanied by severe tantrums , aggressive and/or self-injurious behaviors . These design considerations include the definition of inclusion criteria that are relevant to clinical practice and matching study design to the goal of evaluating short- and long-term effects . Additional ethical and scientific issues concern the length of trial and sample size . RESULTS We undertook a short-term , placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in children and adolescents with autistic disorder . This trial design was followed by an extended open-label maintenance on risperidone to confirm durability of treatment effects and to monitor safety . Finally , a placebo-controlled discontinuation study tested the need for continuous treatment . CONCLUSIONS In the absence of standard pharmacological treatment for children with autistic disorder , a placebo-controlled study remains the most appropriate method of testing efficacy and safety . The clinical relevance of this study is enhanced by the addition of an extended maintenance phase followed by a placebo discontinuation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1487
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8175",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"risperidone"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8176",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"risperidone"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8177",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
775,
793
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8178",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"risperidone"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8179",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"risperidone"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8180",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
775,
782
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8181",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
816,
824
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8182",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
829,
835
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8183",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"durability"
],
"offsets": [
[
999,
1009
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8184",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
829,
835
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8185",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"children and adolescents with autism ."
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
109
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8186 | 11839712 | [
{
"id": "8187",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 ( 7-36 ) amide on motility and sensation of the proximal stomach in humans . BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 ( 7-36 ) amide ( GLP-1 ) retards gastric emptying , reduces food intake , and inhibits antroduodenal and stimulates pyloric motility . AIMS To assess the effects of synthetic GLP-1 on fundus tone and volume waves , gastric compliance , and perception of gastric distension . SUBJECTS Eleven healthy male volunteers . METHODS Background infusions were saline , or GLP-1 at 0.3 or 0.9 pmol/ kg/min on separate days in random order . Interdigestive fundus motility was recorded by barostat ( maximum capacity of intragastric bag 1200 ml ) during basal and peptide periods of 60 minutes each . Thereafter stepwise isobaric distensions were performed with ongoing peptide infusion , and gastric sensation was scored . RESULTS Low and high loads of GLP-1 induced physiological and supraphysiological plasma immunoreactivities , respectively . GLP-1 dose dependently diminished fundus tone ( 162.9 ( 15.0 ) and 259.5 ( 17.2 ) v 121.1 ( 6.0 ) ml with saline ; p < 0.0001 ) . It greatly reduced volume waves and total volume displaced by these events ( p < 0.0001 ) . Gastric compliance derived from isobaric distension rose in a dose related manner ( 42.6 ( 5.5 ) and 63.6 ( 7.7 ) v 27.0 ( 3.5 ) ml/mm Hg ; p=0.0004 ) with a concomitant reduction of the pressure at half maximum bag volume ( 6.4 ( 0.4 ) and 5.5 ( 0.4 ) v 7.2 ( 0.1 ) mm Hg ; p < 0.0001 ) . GLP-1 did not change perception of isobaric distension but reduced the perception score related to corresponding bag volume ( p < 0.0001 ) . CONCLUSIONS GLP-1 is a candidate physiological inhibitory regulator of fundus motility . It allows the stomach to afford a larger volume without increase in sensation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1805
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8188",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glucagon-like peptide-1 ( 7-36 ) amide"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8189",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Glucagon-like peptide-1 ( 7-36 ) amide ( GLP-1 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
123,
171
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8190",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"synthetic GLP-1"
],
"offsets": [
[
312,
327
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8191",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
498,
504
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8192",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"GLP-1"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8193",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"GLP-1"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8194",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"GLP-1"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8195",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"GLP-1"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8196",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"GLP-1"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8197",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"motility and sensation of the proximal stomach"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8198",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fundus tone and volume waves"
],
"offsets": [
[
331,
359
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8199",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric compliance"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
380
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8200",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"perception of gastric distension"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8201",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Interdigestive fundus motility"
],
"offsets": [
[
578,
608
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8202",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric sensation"
],
"offsets": [
[
829,
846
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8203",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"physiological and supraphysiological plasma immunoreactivities"
],
"offsets": [
[
904,
966
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8204",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fundus tone"
],
"offsets": [
[
331,
342
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8205",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"volume waves and total volume displaced"
],
"offsets": [
[
1133,
1172
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8206",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Gastric compliance"
],
"offsets": [
[
1206,
1224
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8207",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1393,
1401
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8208",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"isobaric distension"
],
"offsets": [
[
757,
776
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8209",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"perception score"
],
"offsets": [
[
1567,
1583
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8210",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fundus motility"
],
"offsets": [
[
593,
608
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8211",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increase in sensation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1782,
1803
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8212",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Eleven"
],
"offsets": [
[
431,
437
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8213",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy"
],
"offsets": [
[
438,
445
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8214",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
450
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8215 | 11840031 | [
{
"id": "8216",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Immune status of infants fed soy-based formulas with or without added nucleotides for 1 year : part 2 : immune cell populations . BACKGROUND Infants fed a soy protein isolate-based formula have immunization responses similar to breast-fed infants . However , cellular aspects of the immunologic development of soy-fed infants have not been studied extensively . Nucleotides added to milk-based formula benefit infant immune status , but reports of the immunologic effects of adding nucleotides to soy-based formula are not available . This study examines immune cell populations of infants fed soy protein isolate formulas with and without added nucleotides for 1 year . METHODS Newborn , term infants studied in a masked 12-month feeding trial were assigned randomly to soy formula groups with and without added nucleotides ( n = 94 , n = 92 ) . A nonrandomized human milk/formula-fed cohort ( n = 81 ) , was concurrently enrolled . Blood samples were collected at 6 , 7 , and 12 months . Thirty-two immune cell populations were characterized using three-color flow cytometry . Cellular markers were chosen to assess general pediatric immune status , emphasizing maturation and activation of B , T , and NK lymphocytes . RESULTS All cell populations , number and percentages , were within age-related normal ranges . The only significant difference found between soy formula and human milk/formula-fed infants was the percentage of CD57 + NK T cells at 12 months ( human milk/formula > soy formula , P = 0.034 ) . There were significant differences at some time points between human milk/formula-fed and nucleotide-supplemented soy formula-fed infants in populations of lymphocytes , eosinophils , total T , helper T , naive helper , memory/effector helper , CD57 - T , and CD11b + CD8 + NK cells . None of the cell populations differed between infants fed soy formula versus soy plus nucleotides . CONCLUSIONS Infants fed this commercial soy formula demonstrated immune cell status similar to human milk/formula-fed infants , consistent with normal immune system development . The addition of nucleotides to soy formula did not significantly change specific individual immune cell populations but tended to increase numbers and percentages of T cells and decreased numbers and percentages of NK cells ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2304
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8217",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy-based formulas"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8218",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"added nucleotides"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8219",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy protein isolate-based formula"
],
"offsets": [
[
155,
188
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8220",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Nucleotides"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
373
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8221",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nucleotides"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8222",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy-based formula"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8223",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy protein isolate formulas"
],
"offsets": [
[
594,
622
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8224",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nucleotides"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8225",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy formula"
],
"offsets": [
[
771,
782
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8226",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nucleotides"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8227",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"human milk/formula-fed cohort"
],
"offsets": [
[
863,
892
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8228",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Blood samples were collected at 6 , 7 , and 12 months"
],
"offsets": [
[
934,
987
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8229",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy formula"
],
"offsets": [
[
771,
782
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8230",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"human milk/formula-fed"
],
"offsets": [
[
863,
885
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8231",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nucleotide-supplemented"
],
"offsets": [
[
1605,
1628
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8232",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nucleotides"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8233",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nucleotides"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8234",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immunization responses"
],
"offsets": [
[
194,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8235",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cellular aspects of the immunologic development"
],
"offsets": [
[
259,
306
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8236",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immunologic effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
452,
471
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8237",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immune cell populations"
],
"offsets": [
[
104,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8238",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"general pediatric immune status"
],
"offsets": [
[
1118,
1149
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8239",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"emphasizing maturation and activation of B , T , and NK lymphocytes"
],
"offsets": [
[
1152,
1219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8240",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"percentage of CD57 + NK T cells"
],
"offsets": [
[
1419,
1450
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8241",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"populations of lymphocytes , eosinophils , total T , helper T , naive helper , memory/effector helper , CD57 - T , and CD11b + CD8 + NK cells"
],
"offsets": [
[
1656,
1797
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8242",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cell populations"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8243",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immune cell status"
],
"offsets": [
[
1965,
1983
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8244",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immune system development"
],
"offsets": [
[
2051,
2076
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8245",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immune cell populations"
],
"offsets": [
[
104,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8246",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"numbers and percentages of T cells"
],
"offsets": [
[
2218,
2252
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8247",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"numbers and percentages of NK cells"
],
"offsets": [
[
2267,
2302
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8248 | 11849797 | [
{
"id": "8249",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Prophylactic use of amifostine to prevent radiochemotherapy-induced mucositis and xerostomia in head-and-neck cancer . PURPOSE To determine the prophylactic properties of amifostine against acute and late toxicities from radiochemotherapy in patients with head-and-neck cancer . METHODS AND MATERIALS Fifty patients were randomized to receive conventional radiotherapy ( RT ) ( 2-Gy fractions , 5 days weekly , to a total of 60-74 Gy , depending on the tumor localization and TNM classification ) and carboplatin ( 90 mg/m ( 2 ) infusion once per week before RT ) . Amifostine ( 300 mg/m ( 2 ) ) was administered in the study group only 15-30 min before RT for 6-7.5 weeks . The primary study end point was the grading of acute and late nonhematologic toxicities ( mucositis , dysphagia , xerostomia ) induced by radiochemotherapy . Secondary end points included treatment duration , hematologic toxicity , and clinical outcome . RESULTS The treatment duration was significantly shorter in the amifostine-treated group ( p = 0.013 ) , because treatment interruptions were more frequent in the control group . Acute toxicities ( mucositis and dysphagia ) were less severe in the amifostine-treated group . By Week 3 , all in the control group experienced Grade 2 mucositis compared with only 9 % in the amifostine-treated group ( p < 0.0001 ) . By Week 5 , 52.2 % of the patients in the control group experienced Grade 4 mucositis compared with 4.5 % in the amifostine-treated group ( p = 0.0006 ) . Similar results were obtained for dysphagia . At 3 months of follow-up , only 27 % of patients in the study group experienced Grade 2 xerostomia compared with 73.9 % in the control group ( p = 0.0001 ) . Eighteen months after cessation of therapy , the proportion of patients with Grade 2 xerostomia was 4.5 % vs. 30.4 % for each respective treatment group ( p = 0.047 ) . Cytoprotection with amifostine did not affect treatment outcome , with 90.9 % complete responses in the amifostine-treated group compared with 78.3 % in the control group ( p = 0.414 ) . CONCLUSION Amifostine was effective in reducing mucositis and dysphagia resulting from radiochemotherapy in patients with head-and-neck cancer . Furthermore , amifostine reduced the severity of late xerostomia , a side effect of RT with long-lasting consequences . Amifostine treatment did not affect the clinical outcome ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2382
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8250",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amifostine"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8251",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amifostine"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8252",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"conventional radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
343,
368
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8253",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"carboplatin"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
512
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8254",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Amifostine"
],
"offsets": [
[
566,
576
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8255",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radiochemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
59
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8256",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Cytoprotection"
],
"offsets": [
[
1872,
1886
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8257",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amifostine"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8258",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Amifostine"
],
"offsets": [
[
566,
576
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8259",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amifostine"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8260",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Amifostine"
],
"offsets": [
[
566,
576
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8261",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"grading of acute and late nonhematologic toxicities"
],
"offsets": [
[
711,
762
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8262",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mucositis"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8263",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"dysphagia"
],
"offsets": [
[
777,
786
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8264",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"xerostomia"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8265",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"treatment duration"
],
"offsets": [
[
863,
881
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8266",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hematologic toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
884,
904
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8267",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"clinical outcome"
],
"offsets": [
[
911,
927
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8268",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"treatment duration"
],
"offsets": [
[
863,
881
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8269",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Acute toxicities"
],
"offsets": [
[
1109,
1125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8270",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mucositis"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8271",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"dysphagia"
],
"offsets": [
[
777,
786
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8272",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Grade 2 mucositis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1254,
1271
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8273",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"dysphagia"
],
"offsets": [
[
777,
786
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8274",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Grade 2 xerostomia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1625,
1643
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8275",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"proportion of patients with Grade 2 xerostomia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1752,
1798
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8276 | 11860536 | [
{
"id": "8277",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy versus abdominal hysterectomy in stage I endometrial cancer . The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare laparoscopic treatment for stage I endometrial cancer with the traditional transabdominal approach . From July 1996 to July 1998 , 61 patients with clinical stage I endometrial cancer were treated at the Gynaecology Oncology Unit at the Royal North Shore of Sydney , Australia . Twenty-nine patients were treated with laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy ( LAVH ) and bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy ( BSO ) plus minus laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy ( LPLA ) , while 32 patients were treated with the traditional laparotomy and underwent total abdominal hysterectomy ( TAH ) and BSO plus minus pelvic lymphadenectomy ( PLA ) . The main outcomes studied were operative time , blood loss , blood transfusion , intraoperative complications , postoperative complications , duration of hospital stay , and number of lymph nodes obtained . In conclusion , laparoscopic treatment of endometrial cancer is safe in the hands of experienced operators with minimal intraoperative and postoperative complications . This procedure is associated with significantly less blood loss and shorter hospitalization ; however , it is associated with significantly longer operating time . Proper selection of patients for the laparoscopic procedure is the vital step in achieving the major goals of this approach ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1465
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8278",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8279",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"abdominal hysterectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8280",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"laparoscopic treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
163,
185
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8281",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"traditional transabdominal approach"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
261
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8282",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy ( LAVH ) and bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy ( BSO ) plus minus laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy ( LPLA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
481,
631
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8283",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"laparotomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
686,
696
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8284",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"total abdominal hysterectomy ( TAH )"
],
"offsets": [
[
711,
747
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8285",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"pelvic lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
600,
622
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8286",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"laparoscopic treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
163,
185
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8287",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"laparoscopic procedure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1377,
1399
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8288",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"operative time"
],
"offsets": [
[
831,
845
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8289",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
848,
858
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8290",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"blood transfusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
861,
878
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8291",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"intraoperative complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
881,
909
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8292",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"postoperative complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
912,
939
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8293",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"duration of hospital stay"
],
"offsets": [
[
942,
967
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8294",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"number of lymph nodes"
],
"offsets": [
[
974,
995
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8295",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"blood loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
848,
858
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8296",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"hospitalization"
],
"offsets": [
[
1252,
1267
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8297",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"operating time"
],
"offsets": [
[
1323,
1337
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8298",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"stage I endometrial cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
80,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8299",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"stage I endometrial cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
80,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8300",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"61"
],
"offsets": [
[
294,
296
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8301",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"stage I endometrial cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
80,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8302",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty-nine"
],
"offsets": [
[
442,
453
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8303",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
481,
523
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8304",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"LAVH"
],
"offsets": [
[
526,
530
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8305",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
537,
567
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8306",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"BSO"
],
"offsets": [
[
570,
573
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8307",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
587,
622
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8308",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"LPLA"
],
"offsets": [
[
625,
629
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8309",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"32"
],
"offsets": [
[
640,
642
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8310 | 11860915 | [
{
"id": "8311",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Efficacy and immune memory of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine 11 years after primary immunization ] . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine 10 years after primary immunization to provide scientific basis for the time of revaccination . METHODS The study was strictly designed with randomization , double-blinding , and placebo-controlled method to observe the efficacy and immune memory 11 years following hepatitis B vaccination . RESULTS Immunogenicity and protective rate of vaccine were still kept well 11 years after immunization with a protective rate against HBV infection of 73.5 % . But , there was no significant difference in HBV infection rates between vaccine group and placebo-controlled group ( 7.89 % vs. 13.25 % , P > 0.1 ) nine to 11 years following immunization . There still existed immune memory 11 years after immunization , but it was significantly weaker than that within the first 10 years after immunization . CONCLUSION The efficacy of the vaccine had begun to drop 11 years after immunization , which should be followed up further to reach a clear conclusion ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1123
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8312",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8313",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hepatitis B vaccine"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8314",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
354,
372
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8315",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hepatitis B vaccination"
],
"offsets": [
[
441,
464
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8316",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
2,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8317",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immune memory"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
28
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8318",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"long-term efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
151
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8319",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immune memory"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
28
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8320",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Immunogenicity and protective rate of vaccine"
],
"offsets": [
[
475,
520
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8321",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"protective rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
494,
509
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8322",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"HBV infection rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
672,
691
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8323",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immune memory"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
28
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8324",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
143,
151
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8325",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hepatitis B vaccine 11 years after primary immunization ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8326",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hepatitis B vaccine 10 years after primary immunization"
],
"offsets": [
[
155,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8327 | 11863211 | [
{
"id": "8328",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of oxolamine on cough sensitivity in COPD patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
59
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8329",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oxolamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8330",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cough sensitivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8331",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"COPD patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8332 | 11867842 | [
{
"id": "8333",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of delayed cord clamping on iron stores in infants born to anemic mothers : a randomized controlled trial . OBJECTIVE To study the effects of cord clamping on iron stores of infants born to anemic mothers at 3 months of age . DESIGN Randomized controlled trial . SETTING Teaching hospital . METHODS Infants born to mothers with hemoglobin ( Hb ) < 100 g/L were randomized at delivery to either immediate cord clamping ( early group ) or cord clamping delayed till descent of placenta into vagina ( delayed group ) . The outcome measures were infant 's hemoglobin and serum ferritin 3 months after delivery . RESULTS There were 102 neonates randomized to early ( n = 43 ) or delayed cord clamping ( n = 59 ) . The groups were comparable for maternal age , parity , weight and supplemental iron intake , infant s birth weight , gestation and sex . The mean infant ferritin and Hb at 3 months were significantly higher in the delayed clamping group ( 118.4 microg/L and 99 g/L ) than in the early clamping group ( 73 microg/L and 88 g/L ) . The mean decrease in Hb ( g/L ) at 3 months adjusted for co-variates was significantly less in the delayed clamping group compared to the early clamping group ( -1.09 , 95 % CI-1.58 to -0.62 , p > 0.001 ) . The odds for anemia ( < 100 g/L ) at 3 months was 7.7 ( 95 % CI 1.84-34.9 ) times higher in the early compared to the delayed clamping group . CONCLUSION Iron stores and Hb in infancy can be improved in neonates born to anemic mothers by delaying cord clamping at birth ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1523
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8334",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"delayed cord clamping"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8335",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"immediate cord clamping"
],
"offsets": [
[
401,
424
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8336",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"cord clamping delayed till descent of placenta into vagina"
],
"offsets": [
[
444,
502
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8337",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"delayed clamping"
],
"offsets": [
[
930,
946
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8338",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"early clamping"
],
"offsets": [
[
995,
1009
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8339",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"delayed clamping"
],
"offsets": [
[
930,
946
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8340",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"early clamping"
],
"offsets": [
[
995,
1009
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8341",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"delayed clamping"
],
"offsets": [
[
930,
946
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8342",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"delaying cord clamping"
],
"offsets": [
[
1490,
1512
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8343",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"iron stores"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8344",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"infant 's hemoglobin and serum ferritin 3 months after delivery"
],
"offsets": [
[
549,
612
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8345",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean infant ferritin and Hb at 3 months"
],
"offsets": [
[
857,
896
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8346",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Hb"
],
"offsets": [
[
348,
350
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8347",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1265,
1271
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8348",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Iron stores"
],
"offsets": [
[
1406,
1417
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8349",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Hb"
],
"offsets": [
[
348,
350
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8350",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"infants"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8351",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"born to anemic mothers :"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
82
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8352 | 11876712 | [
{
"id": "8353",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effectiveness of two quadruple , tetracycline- or clarithromycin-containing , second-line , Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies . BACKGROUND There are no guidelines on second-line therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication failures of omeprazole-clarithromycin-amoxicillin triple therapy . AIM To compare the efficacy of two second-line therapies for persistent H. pylori infection . METHODS Over a 6-year period , patients with persistent H. pylori infection following omeprazole-clarithromycin-amoxicillin eradication therapy were randomized to receive omeprazole , 20 mg twice daily , bismuth , 120 mg four times daily , metronidazole , 500 mg twice daily , and either tetracycline , 500 mg four times daily , or clarithromycin , 500 mg twice daily , given for 7 days . Before therapy , patients underwent endoscopy with biopsies for histology , culture and antibiotic susceptibility tests . H. pylori infection was confirmed by histology . RESULTS Of the 95 randomized patients , 88 ( 93 % ) completed the study . Age , sex , smoking , ulcer/non-ulcer dyspepsia ratio and antibiotic resistance were not significantly different between the treatment groups . On intention-to-treat analysis , eradication was achieved in 41 of the 49 patients ( 84 % ; 95 % confidence interval , 70.4-92.7 % ) and 27 of the 46 patients ( 59 % ; 95 % confidence interval , 43.3-73.0 % ) of the tetracycline- and clarithromycin-containing groups , respectively ( P=0.007 ) . On multivariate regression analysis , the sensitivity of H. pylori to metronidazole had a likelihood ratio of 5.2 ( P=0.022 ) , followed by the type of quadruple therapy ( likelihood ratio , 4.4 ; P=0.036 ) . CONCLUSIONS Tetracycline-containing quadruple rescue therapy is highly effective in treating H. pylori eradication failures of the omeprazole-amoxicillin-clarithromycin regimen ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1854
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8354",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tetracycline-"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8355",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clarithromycin-containing"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8356",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"omeprazole-clarithromycin-amoxicillin"
],
"offsets": [
[
244,
281
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8357",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"omeprazole , 20 mg twice daily"
],
"offsets": [
[
564,
594
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8358",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bismuth , 120 mg four times daily"
],
"offsets": [
[
597,
630
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8359",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metronidazole , 500 mg twice daily"
],
"offsets": [
[
633,
667
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8360",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tetracycline , 500 mg"
],
"offsets": [
[
681,
702
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8361",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clarithromycin , 500 mg"
],
"offsets": [
[
725,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8362",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Tetracycline-containing quadruple rescue therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1688,
1736
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8363",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies"
],
"offsets": [
[
92,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8364",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"eradication"
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
123
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8365",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"sensitivity of H."
],
"offsets": [
[
1509,
1526
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8366 | 11876893 | [
{
"id": "8367",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Clinical application of irradiated drug-containing porcine-cornea to patients with ocular burns ] . OBJECTIVE To explore a new method for the management of patients with ocular burns . METHODS Fifty-five cases of patients with ocular burns ( in 88 eyes ) were randomly divided into treatment and control groups . Thirty cases in treatment group with 49 eyes were transplanted with irradiated drug-containing ( ofloxacin , acetyl cysteine and reduced glutathione ) porcine-cornea . 25 cases in control group with 39 eyes were treated with routine program . RESULTS Thirty-two eyes were rescued in treatment group with the cure rate of 65.3 % . But only 17 eyes were saved in control group with the cure rate of 43.59 % , indicating significant difference of the cure rate between the two groups ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Irradiated drug-containing porcine-cornea might well be an ideal therapeutic material for the management of patients with ocular burns ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
958
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8368",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"drug-containing porcine-cornea"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8369",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ofloxacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
412,
421
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8370",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"acetyl cysteine"
],
"offsets": [
[
424,
439
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8371",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"reduced glutathione"
],
"offsets": [
[
444,
463
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8372",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"porcine-cornea"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8373",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"eyes were rescued"
],
"offsets": [
[
577,
594
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8374",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"eyes were saved"
],
"offsets": [
[
657,
672
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8375",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cure rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
623,
632
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8376",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ocular burns"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8377",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ocular burns"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8378",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Fifty-five"
],
"offsets": [
[
195,
205
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8379",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ocular burns"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8380",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"88"
],
"offsets": [
[
247,
249
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8381",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"49"
],
"offsets": [
[
352,
354
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8382",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ocular burns"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8383 | 11877686 | [
{
"id": "8384",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Benefits , morbidity , and mortality associated with long-term administration of oral anticoagulant therapy to patients with peripheral arterial bypass procedures : a prospective randomized study . BACKGROUND The benefits of the long-term administration of oral anticoagulant therapy remain unclear in patients with lower extremity arterial bypass surgery . We studied the effect of warfarin plus aspirin therapy ( WASA ) versus aspirin therapy alone ( ASA ) on patient mortality , morbidity and bypass patency rates in a randomized clinical trial . METHODS In a multicenter , prospective , nonmasked clinical trial , 831 patients who underwent peripheral arterial bypass surgery were compared in a long-term treatment program of WASA ( target international normalized ratio of 1.4 to 2.8 ; 325 mg/day ) with ASA ( 325 mg/day ) . The primary end point was bypass patency , and mortality and morbidity were the secondary endpoints . RESULTS There were 133 deaths in the WASA group ( 31.8 % ) and 95 deaths in the ASA group ( 23.0 % ; risk ratio , 1.41 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.09 to 1.84 ; P =.0001 ) . Major hemorrhagic events occurred more frequently in the WASA group ( WASA , n = 35 ; ASA , n = 15 ; P =.02 ) . In the prosthetic bypass group , there was no significant difference in patency rate in the 8-mm bypass subgroup , but there was a significant difference in patency rate in the 6-mm bypass subgroup ( femoral-popliteal ; 71.4 % in the WASA group versus 57.9 % in the ASA group ; P =.02 ) . In the vein bypass group , patency rate was unaffected ( 75.3 % in the WASA group versus 74.9 % in the ASA group ) . CONCLUSION The long-term administration of warfarin therapy when combined with aspirin therapy has only a few selected indications for improvement of bypass patency and is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1860
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8385",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral anticoagulant therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
107
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8386",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"oral anticoagulant therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
107
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8387",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"warfarin plus aspirin therapy ( WASA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
383,
421
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8388",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin therapy alone ( ASA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
429,
458
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8389",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"WASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8390",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
416,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8391",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"WASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8392",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
416,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8393",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"WASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8394",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
416,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8395",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"WASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8396",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
416,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8397",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"WASA"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8398",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"warfarin therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1669,
1685
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8399",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Benefits"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8400",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"morbidity"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8401",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
36
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8402",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"patient mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
462,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8403",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"morbidity"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8404",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bypass patency rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
496,
516
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8405",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bypass patency"
],
"offsets": [
[
496,
510
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8406",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
36
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8407",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"morbidity"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8408",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"deaths"
],
"offsets": [
[
955,
961
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8409",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"deaths"
],
"offsets": [
[
955,
961
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8410",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Major hemorrhagic events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1108,
1132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8411",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"patency rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
503,
515
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8412",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"patency rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
503,
515
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8413",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"patency rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
503,
515
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8414",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"bypass patency"
],
"offsets": [
[
496,
510
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8415",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"morbidity"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8416",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
36
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8417",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with peripheral arterial bypass procedures :"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
164
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8418 | 11881749 | [
{
"id": "8419",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison of comfort and local complications after cardiac catheterization . The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 4 hours of bed rest versus 6 hours of bed rest on patients ' safety , comfort , and satisfaction levels . Using a quasi-experimental design , the authors studied 118 left-heart catheterization patients who were randomly assigned to 4 hours or 6 hours of bed rest . Among the study participants , only 1 in the 6-hour group had significant bleeding . There were no complications in the 4-hour group . There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on any of the other study variables . Given the lack of significant complications for the 4-hour group and similar comfort levels for both study groups , these findings suggest the feasibility of reducing the standard period of postcatheterization bed rest from 6 hours to 4 hours , thereby possibly lowering the cost of the outpatient procedure ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
956
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8420",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"cardiac catheterization"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8421",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"bed rest"
],
"offsets": [
[
145,
153
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8422",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"bed rest"
],
"offsets": [
[
145,
153
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8423",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"left-heart catheterization"
],
"offsets": [
[
300,
326
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8424",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"comfort"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8425",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"local complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8426",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
195,
201
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8427",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"comfort"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8428",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"satisfaction levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
218,
237
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8429",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"significant bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
461,
481
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8430",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8431",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"comfort levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
724,
738
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8432",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cost of the outpatient procedure"
],
"offsets": [
[
922,
954
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8433",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cardiac catheterization"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8434",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"118"
],
"offsets": [
[
296,
299
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8435",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"left-heart catheterization patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
300,
335
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8436 | 11888754 | [
{
"id": "8437",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Amiodarone versus digoxin and metoprolol combination for the prevention of postcoronary bypass atrial fibrillation . OBJECTIVE This prospective randomized study aims at evaluation and comparison of the prophylactic effects of amiodarone versus digoxin and metoprolol combination in postcoronary bypass atrial fibrillation . METHODS A total of 241 consecutive patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly allocated into three groups . Patients in Group1 ( n=77 ) received metoprolol 100 mg/24 h per oral ( P.O . ) , preoperatively , 2x0.5 mg digoxin intravenously on the operating day and digoxin 0.25 mg P.O.+metoprolol 100 mg P.O . on the first postoperative day until discharge . Patients in Group 2 ( n=72 ) received totally 1200 mg intravenous/24 h amiodarone which the 300 mg - bolus dose/1 h was given as soon as the operation had been finished . On the next day patients were administered 450 mg/24 h amiodarone i.v . and 600 mg/day in three doses P.O . were given until discharge . Group 3 ( n=92 ) was the control group with no antiarrhythmic prophylaxis . RESULTS Preoperative patient characteristics and operative parameters were similar in three groups . Atrial fibrillation occurred in 13 patients ( 16.8 % ) in Group 1 , six patients ( 8.3 % ) in Group 2 and 31 patients ( 33.6 % ) in Group 3 . CONCLUSION Both study groups were effective in the prevention of postcoronary bypass atrial fibrillation with respect to control ( P < 0.01 in Group 1 and P < 0.001 in Group 2 ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1518
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8438",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Amiodarone versus digoxin"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8439",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metoprolol combination"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8440",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amiodarone versus digoxin"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8441",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metoprolol combination"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8442",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metoprolol 100 mg/24 h per oral"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
532
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8443",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"digoxin intravenously on the operating day"
],
"offsets": [
[
571,
613
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8444",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"digoxin 0.25 mg P.O.+metoprolol 100 mg P.O ."
],
"offsets": [
[
618,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8445",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amiodarone"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
236
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8446",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amiodarone"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
236
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8447",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control group"
],
"offsets": [
[
1045,
1058
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8448",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"postcoronary bypass atrial fibrillation"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8449",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"postcoronary bypass atrial fibrillation"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8450",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Atrial fibrillation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1197,
1216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8451",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"postcoronary bypass atrial fibrillation"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8452",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"241"
],
"offsets": [
[
343,
346
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8453",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"elective coronary artery bypass grafting"
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8454",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Group1 ( n=77 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
476,
491
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8455",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Group 2 ( n=72 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
724,
740
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8456",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Group 3 ( n=92 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1020,
1036
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8457 | 11888774 | [
{
"id": "8458",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Mediastinal lymphadenectomy in non-small cell lung cancer : effectiveness in patients with or without nodal micrometastases - results of a preliminary study . OBJECTIVES So far it has not clearly been demonstrated that systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy improves survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer . One explanation might be that in some patients an early spread of tumor cells has occurred which might not be curable by surgical means . To test this hypothesis lymph nodes of patients which were treated either by lymph node sampling or systematic lymphadenectomy were screened for micrometastatic spread of tumor cells and the influence of nodal micrometastases on the efficacy of lymphadenectomy was analyzed . METHODS Lymph nodes from patients ( n=94 ) which were included in a randomized trial of lymph node sampling ( LS , n=41 ) versus radical systematic lymphadenectomy ( LA , n=53 ) were screened by immunohistochemistry for disseminated tumor cells using the antibody Ber-Ep4 . The median observation time was longer than 5 years and follow-up data were available from all 94 patients . Kaplan-Meier curves were calculated and tested for statistical significance using the log-rank test . RESULTS Standard histopathological analysis revealed no lymph node involvement ( pN0 ) in 61 patients , pN1 disease in 13 patients and pN2 disease in 20 patients without significant differences between LA and LS with respect to T-stage , N-stage or age and sex of the patients . By immunohistochemistry a minimal nodal spread of tumor cells was detected in 21 out of 94 patients ( LS , n=10 ( 24 % ) ; LA , n=11 ( 21 % ) ) . Similar to the entire group of patients also in the subset of patients with nodal micrometastases the type of lymphadenectomy did not significantly influence the long-term survival ( P=0.27 and P=0.39 , respectively ) . In contrast , in patients with a negative immunohistochemical analysis systematic lymphadenectomy resulted in an improved overall survival ( P=0.044 ) . CONCLUSIONS Our data provide some evidence that systematic lymphadenectomy improves survival in patients without an early locoregional spread of cancer cells . As long as these patients can not be identified preoperatively all patients should undergo a systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2312
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8459",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8460",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8461",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lymph node sampling"
],
"offsets": [
[
537,
556
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8462",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"systematic lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
560,
586
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8463",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8464",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lymph node sampling ( LS"
],
"offsets": [
[
824,
848
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8465",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radical systematic lymphadenectomy ( LA"
],
"offsets": [
[
865,
904
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8466",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8467",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"systematic lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
560,
586
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8468",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8469",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
267,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8470",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"median observation time"
],
"offsets": [
[
1014,
1037
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8471",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Kaplan-Meier curves"
],
"offsets": [
[
1119,
1138
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8472",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"no lymph node involvement"
],
"offsets": [
[
1274,
1299
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8473",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nodal spread of tumor cells"
],
"offsets": [
[
1534,
1561
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8474",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"long-term survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1808,
1826
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8475",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"improved overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1979,
2004
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8476",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
267,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8477",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"locoregional spread of cancer cells"
],
"offsets": [
[
2141,
2176
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8478 | 11890175 | [
{
"id": "8479",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Supervisor tolerance-responsiveness to substance abuse and workplace prevention training : use of a cognitive mapping tool . Supervisor tolerance-responsiveness , referring to the attitudes and behaviors associated with either ignoring or taking proactive steps with troubled employees , was investigated in two studies . The studies were conducted to help examine , understand and improve supervisor responsiveness to employee substance abuse . Study 1 examined supervisor response to and tolerance of coworker substance use and ways of interfacing with the Employee Assistance Program ( EAP ) in two workplaces ( n = 244 and 107 ) . These surveys suggested that engaging supervisors in a dialogue about tolerance might improve their willingness to use the EAP . Study 2 was a randomized control field experiment that assessed a team-oriented training . This training adopted a cognitive mapping technique to help improve supervisor responsiveness . Supervisors receiving this training ( n = 29 ) were more likely to improve on several dimensions of responsiveness ( e.g . likely to contact the EAP ) than were supervisors who received a more didactic , informational training ( n = 23 ) or a no-training control group ( n = 17 ) . Trained supervisors also showed increases in their own help-seeking behavior . Procedures and maps from the mapping activity ( two-stage conversational mapping ) are described . Overall , results indicate that while supervisor tolerance of coworker substance use inhibits EAP utilization , it may be possible to address this tolerance using team-oriented prevention training in the work-site ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1626
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8480",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Supervisor tolerance-responsiveness"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8481",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Employee Assistance Program ( EAP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
559,
594
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8482",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"no-training control group"
],
"offsets": [
[
1194,
1219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8483",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"improve their willingness to use the EAP"
],
"offsets": [
[
721,
761
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8484",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"several dimensions of responsiveness"
],
"offsets": [
[
1029,
1065
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8485",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"own help-seeking behavior ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1284,
1311
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8486 | 11915576 | [
{
"id": "8487",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The impact of different doses of medroxyprogesterone acetate on mood symptoms in sequential hormonal therapy . The aim of this study was to compare adverse mood effects of two different doses of medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA ) during postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy ( HRT ) in women with and without a history of premenstrual syndrome ( PMS ) . The study was designed as a randomized double-blind cross-over study and included 36 postmenopausal women at three health care areas in northern Sweden . The women received 2 mg estradiol continuously during five 28-day cycles and 10 mg or 20 mg MPA sequentially for 12 days during each cycle . The main outcome measures were mood and physical symptoms noted on a daily rating scale . We found that physical symptoms did not differ between 10 and 20 mg MPA . Both women with a history of PMS and women without responded with more negative mood symptoms with the lower dose of MPA . In women with previous PMS the higher dose of MPA enhanced positive mood symptoms . With respect to mood and physical symptoms , the aim to lower MPA doses in HRT is unwarranted ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1121
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8488",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"medroxyprogesterone acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8489",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sequential hormonal therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8490",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
195,
230
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8491",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"2 mg estradiol"
],
"offsets": [
[
533,
547
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8492",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mood symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8493",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mood effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
156,
168
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8494",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mood and physical symptoms noted on a daily rating scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
686,
742
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8495",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"physical symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
695,
712
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8496",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mood symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8497",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"positive mood symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
1001,
1023
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8498",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mood and physical symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
686,
712
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8499",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"postmenopausal"
],
"offsets": [
[
238,
252
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8500",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
292,
297
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8501",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"premenstrual syndrome ( PMS ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
328,
359
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8502",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"36"
],
"offsets": [
[
442,
444
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8503",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"postmenopausal"
],
"offsets": [
[
238,
252
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8504",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
292,
297
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8505 | 11916791 | [
{
"id": "8506",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The interaction between propofol and clonidine for loss of consciousness . UNLABELLED Clonidine premedication reduces the intraoperative requirement for opioids and volatile anesthetics . Clonidine also reduces the induction dose of IV anesthetics . There is no information , however , regarding the effect of oral clonidine premedication on the propofol blood concentrations required for loss of consciousness , and the interaction between propofol and clonidine . We randomly administered target effect-site concentrations of propofol ranging from 0.5 to 5 . 0 microg/mL by using computer-assisted target-controlled infusion to 3 groups of healthy male patients : Control ( n = 35 ) , 2.5 microg/kg Clonidine ( n = 36 ) , and 5.0 microg/kg Clonidine ( n = 36 ) groups . Nothing was administered to the Control group . Clonidine ( 2.5 or 5.0 microg/kg ) was administered orally 90 min before the induction of anesthesia in the Clonidine groups . After equilibration between the blood and effect-site for 15 min , a verbal command to open their eyes was given two times to the patients . Arterial blood samples for analysis of the serum propofol and clonidine concentrations were taken immediately before verbal commands were given . Measured serum propofol concentrations in equilibrium with the effect-site at which 50 % of the patients did not respond to verbal commands ( EC50 for loss of consciousness ) were determined by logistic regression . The EC50 +/- SE values in the Control , 2.5 microg/kg Clonidine , and 5.0 microg/kg Clonidine groups were 2.67 +/- 0.18 , 1.31 +/- 0.12 , and 0.91 +/- 0.13 microg/mL , respectively . The EC50 in the 2.5 and 5.0 microg/kg clonidine groups was significantly smaller than that in the Control group ( P < 0.001 ) . The use of a response surface modeling analysis indicated that there was an additive interaction between measured arterial propofol and clonidine concentrations in relation to loss of consciousness . These results indicate that propofol and clonidine act additively for loss of consciousness . IMPLICATIONS Oral clonidine 2.5 and 5.0 microg/kg premedication decreases the propofol concentration required for loss of consciousness ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2192
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8507",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol and clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8508",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8509",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8510",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8511",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8512",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol and clonidine ."
],
"offsets": [
[
441,
465
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8513",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8514",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"Control"
],
"offsets": [
[
666,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8515",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8516",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8517",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"Nothing was administered to the Control group ."
],
"offsets": [
[
772,
819
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8518",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8519",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8520",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol and clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8521",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8522",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8523",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8524",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol and clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8525",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8526",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8527",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Arterial blood samples"
],
"offsets": [
[
1088,
1110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8528",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum propofol concentrations in equilibrium"
],
"offsets": [
[
1243,
1287
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8529",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"EC50"
],
"offsets": [
[
1376,
1380
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8530",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"EC50"
],
"offsets": [
[
1376,
1380
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8531",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"additive interaction"
],
"offsets": [
[
1837,
1857
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8532",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"loss of consciousness"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8533",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"loss of consciousness"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8534",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy"
],
"offsets": [
[
642,
649
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8535",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male"
],
"offsets": [
[
650,
654
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8536",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"35"
],
"offsets": [
[
680,
682
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8537",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"36"
],
"offsets": [
[
717,
719
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8538",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"36"
],
"offsets": [
[
717,
719
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8539 | 11918753 | [
{
"id": "8540",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effects of enalapril and eprosartan on the renal vascular nitric oxide system in human essential hypertension . BACKGROUND Experimental data in humans on the contribution of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers to the nitric oxide system of the renal vasculature are inconsistent . Enalapril and eprosartan , alone and in combination , were used to determine their short-term effects on the renal nitric oxide system and renal hemodynamics of human subjects with essential hypertension . METHODS Twenty male , white patients ( 27 +/- 1 years ) with mild essential hypertension ( 143 +/- 11/95 +/- 6 mm Hg ) were included in a double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled , fourfold cross-over study with placebo , enalapril ( 20 mg/day ) , eprosartan ( 600 mg/day ) , or combination of both drugs ( 10 and 300 mg/day , respectively ) each over a one week period followed by a two-week washout phase . After each study phase the glomerular filtration rate ( GFR ) and renal plasma flow ( RPF ) were determined . Basal nitric oxide synthesis of the renal vasculature was assessed by the decrease in RPF after inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine ( L-NMMA ; 4.25 mg/kg ) . RESULTS After one week of therapy , the combination therapy decreased casual blood pressure by 5 +/- 2/3 +/- 1 mm Hg versus placebo ( P < 0.01 ) . Neither enalapril alone ( -2 +/- 2/1 +/- 2 mm Hg , NS vs. placebo ) nor eprosartan alone ( -1 +/- 1/0 +/- 2 mm Hg , NS vs. placebo ) had a clear-cut significant effect on casual blood pressure . In the combination phase , RPF increased by 123 +/- 36 mL/min ( P < 0.01 ) . Neither enalapril alone ( +59 +/- 46 mL/min , P = 0.21 ) nor eprosartan alone ( +113 +/- 51 mL/min , P = 0.06 ) had a clear-cut significant effect on RPF . Changes of RPF induced by treatment correlated with the L-NMMA induced decrease in RPF in the combination ( r = 0.70 , P < 0.01 ) and eprosartan phase ( r = 0.86 , P < 0.001 ) , but not in the enalapril phase ( r = -0.44 , P = 0.10 ) . Renal vascular resistance was reduced by each active treatment with the most prominent reduction in the combination phase . GFR was unaffected by any treatment . CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the effects of either substance alone , a combination of half the dose of eprosartan with half the dose of enalapril had a prominent effect on renal perfusion . The effects of eprosartan on RPF are mediated , at least in part , by an increased bioavailability of nitric oxide in the renal vasculature ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2551
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8541",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enalapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8542",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eprosartan"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8543",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Enalapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
330,
339
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8544",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eprosartan"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8545",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
702,
720
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8546",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
702,
709
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8547",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enalapril ( 20 mg/day )"
],
"offsets": [
[
764,
787
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8548",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eprosartan ( 600 mg/day )"
],
"offsets": [
[
790,
815
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8549",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"combination of both drugs"
],
"offsets": [
[
821,
846
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8550",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"combination therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1289,
1308
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8551",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enalapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8552",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eprosartan"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8553",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eprosartan"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8554",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enalapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8555",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eprosartan"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8556",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
424,
431
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8557",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"glomerular filtration rate ( GFR ) and renal plasma flow ( RPF )"
],
"offsets": [
[
978,
1042
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8558",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"renal vasculature"
],
"offsets": [
[
293,
310
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8559",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"RPF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1037,
1040
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8560",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"casual blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1319,
1340
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8561",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"casual blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1319,
1340
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8562",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"RPF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1037,
1040
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8563",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"RPF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1037,
1040
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8564",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"RPF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1037,
1040
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8565",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Renal vascular resistance"
],
"offsets": [
[
2060,
2085
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8566",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"GFR"
],
"offsets": [
[
1007,
1010
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8567",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"renal perfusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
2392,
2407
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8568",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"bioavailability of nitric oxide"
],
"offsets": [
[
2493,
2524
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8569",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"human essential hypertension ."
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
111
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8570",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"human subjects with essential hypertension ."
],
"offsets": [
[
491,
535
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8571 | 11920488 | [
{
"id": "8572",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The specific role of isoflavones on estrogen metabolism in premenopausal women . BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that dietary factors may play a role in the production , metabolism , and bioavailability of sex hormones and their impact on target tissues . The specific objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementing a group of premenopausal women who were free of breast carcinoma with a dietary supplement of isoflavones ( 40 mg per day ) in producing a change in steroid hormones and menstrual cycle length . METHODS Sixty-eight consecutively recruited , premenopausal , omnivorous women of all races and ethnicities between the ages of 25 years and 55 years were admitted to the study and randomized to an experimental group supplemented with soy ( 40 mg genistein per day ) or to a control group that consumed a placebo for a 12-week period . Changes in their anthropometric , nutritional , and hormonal biomarkers from early follicular phase were analyzed at baseline and post-intervention . RESULTS Serum-free estradiol and estrone levels decreased moderately in the experimental group . Serum hormone-binding globulin levels increased in 41.4 % of women in the experimental group compared with 37.5 % of women in the placebo group . Free estradiol decreased in 53.85 % of women in the experimental group compared with 37.5 % of women in the placebo group . Estrone decreased in 55.56 % of women in the experimental group compared with 42.86 % in the placebo group . Those women in the experimental group who were consuming soy had their mean menstrual cycle length increased by 3.52 days compared with a mean decrease of 0.06 days for women in the placebo group ( P = 0.04 ) from baseline to the third menstrual cycle . In addition , women who were taking soy had their mean follicular phase increase by 1.46 days compared with a mean increase of 0.14 days for women who were taking the placebo ( P = 0.08 ) . CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that increased isoflavone intake affects estrogen metabolism by altering the steroid hormone concentrations and menstrual cycle length , thereby demonstrating a potential to reduce the risk for breast carcinoma ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2196
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8573",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isoflavones"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8574",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isoflavones"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8575",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy ( 40"
],
"offsets": [
[
782,
790
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8576",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
852,
859
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8577",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
852,
859
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8578",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
852,
859
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8579",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
852,
859
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8580",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy"
],
"offsets": [
[
782,
785
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8581",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
852,
859
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8582",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"soy"
],
"offsets": [
[
782,
785
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8583",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
852,
859
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8584",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isoflavone"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8585",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anthropometric"
],
"offsets": [
[
900,
914
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8586",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nutritional"
],
"offsets": [
[
917,
928
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8587",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hormonal biomarkers"
],
"offsets": [
[
935,
954
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8588",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Serum-free estradiol"
],
"offsets": [
[
1041,
1061
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8589",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"estrone levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1080
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8590",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Serum hormone-binding globulin levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1130,
1167
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8591",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Free estradiol"
],
"offsets": [
[
1276,
1290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8592",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean menstrual cycle length"
],
"offsets": [
[
1580,
1607
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8593",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean follicular phase increase"
],
"offsets": [
[
1813,
1843
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8594",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"in premenopausal"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8595",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
73,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8596",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
79,
80
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8597",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"carcinoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
407,
416
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8598",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Sixty-eight"
],
"offsets": [
[
555,
566
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8599",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"25 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
675,
683
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8600",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"55 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
688,
696
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8601 | 11922398 | [
{
"id": "8602",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Parenteral troxerutin and carbazochrome combination in the treatment of post-hemorrhoidectomy status : a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , phase IV study . Flavonoids , such as troxerutin , have been shown to be safe and effective agents for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency . The fixed combination between troxerutin 150 mg and carbazochrome 1.5 mg ( Fleboside ampoules ) was previously shown to have a good efficacy and safety profile in non-surgical patients with acute uncomplicated hemorrhoids . The purpose of this randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of the active combination in the treatment of post-hemorrhoidectomy patients . 30 patients were randomized to receive one of two treatments : troxerutin 150 mg and carbazochrome 1.5 mg , or placebo , i.m . 3 ml ampoules twice a day for five consecutive days after the surgical procedure , starting from the day of surgery . Efficacy parameters were assessed as follows : at baseline ( T1 ) , after the first administration ( T2 ; day of surgery ) , the second day after the surgical procedure ( T3 ) , and the fifth day after the surgical procedure ( T4 ) ; hemorrhoidal symptoms based on a visual analogue scale ( VAS ) : pain , discharge , bleeding , inflammation , and pruritus ; analgesic intake , if any ; time to restore a physiological defecation ; edema evaluation ( based on a four-point scale : 0 = absent ; 1 = mild ; 2 = moderate ; 3 = severe ) ; camera pictures taken at T1 and T4 ( in selected patients ) ; and blood coagulation tests . Analysis between treatment groups revealed a highly significant difference at T3 and T4 for the total VAS score ( p = 0.007 and p = 0.001 , respectively ) in favor of the active combination treatment . A statistically significant difference was also observed for bleeding and pruritus at T3 and for these two parameters and both inflammation and edema at T4 ( p < 0.001 ) in favor of the active combination group . No adverse events were reported . Neither the active combination nor placebo affected blood coagulation tests . We conclude that intramuscular administration of the fixed combination of troxerutin 150 mg and carbazochrome 1.5 mg is effective , well tolerated and superior to placebo in improving hemorrhoidal and post-surgical symptoms during the five days following surgery ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2393
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8603",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"troxerutin and carbazochrome combination"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8604",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"troxerutin"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8605",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"troxerutin"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8606",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"carbazochrome"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8607",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"troxerutin 150 mg and carbazochrome 1.5 mg"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
377
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8608",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8609",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"combination of troxerutin"
],
"offsets": [
[
2188,
2213
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8610",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"carbazochrome"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8611",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8612",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
975,
983
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8613",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hemorrhoidal symptoms based on a visual analogue scale ( VAS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1209,
1271
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8614",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
1274,
1278
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8615",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"discharge"
],
"offsets": [
[
1281,
1290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8616",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
1293,
1301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8617",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"inflammation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1304,
1316
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8618",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pruritus"
],
"offsets": [
[
1323,
1331
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8619",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"analgesic intake , if any ; time to restore a physiological defecation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1334,
1404
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8620",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"camera pictures taken at T1 and T4"
],
"offsets": [
[
1510,
1544
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8621",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood coagulation tests"
],
"offsets": [
[
1576,
1599
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8622",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"significant difference"
],
"offsets": [
[
1654,
1676
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8623",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"total VAS score"
],
"offsets": [
[
1698,
1713
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8624",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
1293,
1301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8625",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pruritus"
],
"offsets": [
[
1323,
1331
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8626",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"inflammation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1304,
1316
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8627",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"edema"
],
"offsets": [
[
1407,
1412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8628",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"No adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
2017,
2034
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8629",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood coagulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1576,
1593
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8630",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute uncomplicated hemorrhoids"
],
"offsets": [
[
495,
526
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8631",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"post-hemorrhoidectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8632",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"30"
],
"offsets": [
[
730,
732
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
8633 | 11931782 | [
{
"id": "8634",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Safety of intravitreous fomivirsen for treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS . PURPOSE To report data regarding the safety of intravitreous fomivirsen for treatment of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) . DESIGN Critical review of safety data from three randomized controlled clinical trials with supplemental information from an expanded drug access program . METHODS Adverse ocular events reported by clinician investigators were listed using terms modified from the COSTART dictionary . Data for two doses ( 165-microg/injection [ 35 eyes , 30 patients ] and 330-microg/injection [ 153 eyes , 120 patients ] ) and two 330-microg/injection dose schedules of different intensity were pooled to calculate incidence rates for each event . Rates were calculated as \" events/patient-year \" ( based on total cumulative reported events and duration of treatment ) for events that could recur during treatment . Rates were calculated as \" patients with events/person-year \" for the following events : retinal detachment , cataract , visual field disturbance , and retinal pigment epitheliopathy . To assess the ability to manage events , we reviewed treatments given for two events ( anterior chamber inflammation , increased intraocular pressure ) in one trial . We also report an analysis comparing the proportion of eyes that developed one or more key events to the cumulative number of injections . RESULTS Incidence rates were dose and schedule dependent ( 165 microg/injection , 4.06 events/patient-year ; 330 microg/injection , 6.58 events/patient-year [ less intense regimen ] and 8.35 events/patient-year [ more intense regimen ] ) . The most frequently reported events were anterior chamber inflammation and increased intraocular pressure . We found no evidence that the proportion of patients with events increased as the number of injections increased . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreous fomivirsen is well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile . Adverse ocular events associated with doses and schedules used clinically can be managed successfully with medical therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2158
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "8635",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fomivirsen"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8636",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fomivirsen"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8637",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"anterior chamber inflammation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1261,
1290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8638",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"increased intraocular pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1293,
1323
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8639",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"proportion of patients with events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1858,
1892
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8640",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"number of injections increased ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1910,
1942
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8641",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1983,
2033
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8642",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Adverse ocular events"
],
"offsets": [
[
452,
473
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8643",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS ."
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8644",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"30"
],
"offsets": [
[
627,
629
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "8645",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"120"
],
"offsets": [
[
679,
682
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |