<p dir="auto">The conda-package for numpy does not work on Windows inside a tox environment (using <a href="https://github.com/tox-dev/tox-conda">tox-conda</a>):</p>
<p dir="auto">Steps to reproduce are:</p>
<ul dir="auto">
<li>Set up a <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/blob/89508279d6c054f64d3323936d27c303a9e0d624/tox.ini#L1-L4"><code class="notranslate">tox.ini</code> that uses <code class="notranslate">tox-conda</code></a></li>
<li>Define a <code class="notranslate">tox</code> environment that has <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/blob/89508279d6c054f64d3323936d27c303a9e0d624/tox.ini#L9-L17"><code class="notranslate">numpy</code> in <code class="notranslate">conda_deps</code></a>, either from the <code class="notranslate">default</code> or the <code class="notranslate">conda-forge</code> channel</li>
<li>Invoke <code class="notranslate">tox</code> such that <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/blob/89508279d6c054f64d3323936d27c303a9e0d624/.appveyor.yml#L8"><code class="notranslate">numpy</code> is imported inside the environment</a></li>
</ul>
<p dir="auto">The result in an error such as</p>
<div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Traceback (most recent call last):
  File &quot;C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py&quot;, line 24, in &lt;module&gt;
    from . import multiarray
  File &quot;C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\multiarray.py&quot;, line 14, in &lt;module&gt;
    from . import overrides
  File &quot;C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\overrides.py&quot;, line 7, in &lt;module&gt;
    from numpy.core._multiarray_umath import (
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _multiarray_umath: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File &quot;&lt;string&gt;&quot;, line 1, in &lt;module&gt;
  File &quot;C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py&quot;, line 142, in &lt;module&gt;
    from . import core
  File &quot;C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py&quot;, line 54, in &lt;module&gt;
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError:

IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THIS FOR ADVICE ON HOW TO SOLVE THIS ISSUE!

Importing the numpy c-extensions failed.
- Try uninstalling and reinstalling numpy.
- If you have already done that, then:
  1. Check that you expected to use Python3.8 from &quot;C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\python.exe&quot;,
     and that you have no directories in your PATH or PYTHONPATH that can
     interfere with the Python and numpy version &quot;1.18.1&quot; you're trying to use.
  2. If (1) looks fine, you can open a new issue at
     https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues.  Please include details on:
     - how you installed Python
     - how you installed numpy
     - your operating system
     - whether or not you have multiple versions of Python installed
     - if you built from source, your compiler versions and ideally a build log

- If you're working with a numpy git repository, try `git clean -xdf`
  (removes all files not under version control) and rebuild numpy.

Note: this error has many possible causes, so please don't comment on
an existing issue about this - open a new one instead.

Original error was: DLL load failed while importing _multiarray_umath: The specified module could not be found.

ERROR: InvocationError for command 'C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\python.exe' -c 'import numpy; print(numpy.__version__)' (exited with code 1)"><pre class="notranslate"><code class="notranslate">Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py", line 24, in &lt;module&gt;
    from . import multiarray
  File "C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\multiarray.py", line 14, in &lt;module&gt;
    from . import overrides
  File "C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\overrides.py", line 7, in &lt;module&gt;
    from numpy.core._multiarray_umath import (
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _multiarray_umath: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "&lt;string&gt;", line 1, in &lt;module&gt;
  File "C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py", line 142, in &lt;module&gt;
    from . import core
  File "C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py", line 54, in &lt;module&gt;
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError:

IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THIS FOR ADVICE ON HOW TO SOLVE THIS ISSUE!

Importing the numpy c-extensions failed.
- Try uninstalling and reinstalling numpy.
- If you have already done that, then:
  1. Check that you expected to use Python3.8 from "C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\python.exe",
     and that you have no directories in your PATH or PYTHONPATH that can
     interfere with the Python and numpy version "1.18.1" you're trying to use.
  2. If (1) looks fine, you can open a new issue at
     https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues.  Please include details on:
     - how you installed Python
     - how you installed numpy
     - your operating system
     - whether or not you have multiple versions of Python installed
     - if you built from source, your compiler versions and ideally a build log

- If you're working with a numpy git repository, try `git clean -xdf`
  (removes all files not under version control) and rebuild numpy.

Note: this error has many possible causes, so please don't comment on
an existing issue about this - open a new one instead.

Original error was: DLL load failed while importing _multiarray_umath: The specified module could not be found.

ERROR: InvocationError for command 'C:\projects\2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor\.tox\envdir\python.exe' -c 'import numpy; print(numpy.__version__)' (exited with code 1)
</code></pre></div>
<p dir="auto">The error occurs for Python versions 3.7 and 3.8, but not 3.6. It also only occurs when installing the numpy package inside of tox (as opposed to just the default conda environment directly)</p>
<p dir="auto">I've set up a repository at <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor">https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor</a> that illustrates several variations of the problem. In that repository, the <code class="notranslate">tox.ini</code> defines a <code class="notranslate">run-cmd</code> environment to execute arbitrary commands inside the environment. In <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/blob/master/.appveyor.yml"><code class="notranslate">.appveyor.yml</code></a> I then invoke tox to run</p>
<div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="python.exe -c &quot;import numpy; print(numpy.__version__)&quot;"><pre class="notranslate"><code class="notranslate">python.exe -c "import numpy; print(numpy.__version__)"
</code></pre></div>
<p dir="auto">inside the environment.</p>
<p dir="auto">The repository reproduces the error on <a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/goerz/2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor" rel="nofollow">AppVeyor</a>, but I've observed the same behavior "manually" on a standard Windows 10 installation.</p>
<p dir="auto">Variations of things that do and don't work are branches in the repository:</p>
<ul dir="auto">
<li><code class="notranslate">master</code> branch: Python 3.8, numpy from conda-forge channel <g-emoji class="g-emoji" alias="x" fallback-src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/274c.png">❌</g-emoji> (<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/goerz/2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor/builds/30633830" rel="nofollow">AppVeyor log</a>)</li>
<li><code class="notranslate">37</code> branch: <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/commit/25cb334e4efeb0beb7e7f015ae6be1a9eb79ca55">Python 3.7, numpy from conda-forge channel</a> <g-emoji class="g-emoji" alias="x" fallback-src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/274c.png">❌</g-emoji> (<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/goerz/2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor/builds/30633901" rel="nofollow">AppVeyor log</a>)</li>
<li><code class="notranslate">defaultchannel</code> branch: <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/commit/c6e99d1791843e61e53f9e6700b60d2d363a5c98">Python 3.8, numpy from default channel</a> <g-emoji class="g-emoji" alias="x" fallback-src="https://github.githubassets.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/274c.png">❌</g-emoji> (<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/goerz/2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor/builds/30633927" rel="nofollow">AppVeyor log</a>)  → Problem isn't just with the conda-forge numpy package</li>
<li><code class="notranslate">systemtox</code> branch: <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/commit/b30e21f25b594c126beb338f74fe026d82ee8f45">Python 3.8, numpy from conda-forge channel, use system-tox instead of installing tox into conda</a> ❌ (<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/goerz/2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor/builds/30634194" rel="nofollow">AppVeyor log</a>) → Problem isn't with the tox installed via <code class="notranslate">conda install tox</code>)</li>
<li><code class="notranslate">36</code> branch: <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/commit/916e9b780672152a40fbdb33e26a7b37a1b49278">Python 3.6, numpy from conda-forge channe</a> ✅ (<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/goerz/2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor/builds/30654430" rel="nofollow">AppVeyor log</a>)</li>
<li><code class="notranslate">notox</code> branch: <a href="https://github.com/goerz-testing/2020-02-06_numpy_on_appveyor/commit/0e42fe12724321b1da4379a1d9244ff006ca2075">Python 3.8, numpy from conda-forge channel, install into system-conda(no tox)</a> ✅ (<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/goerz/2020-02-06-numpy-on-appveyor/builds/30633961" rel="nofollow">AppVeyor log</a>)</li>
</ul>
<p dir="auto">It's not clear whether <code class="notranslate">numpy</code> or <code class="notranslate">tox-conda</code> or a weird interaction between the two is responsible for the problem.</p>
<p dir="auto">Hello</p>
<p dir="auto">I was wondering if there any plans to implement softmax in numpy? I seem to keep having to write it for myself, and I was wondering if anyone else is in the same situation.</p>