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Shubhangi29

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llava_med_alignment_500k_chunk_2

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[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The figure includes only the samples obtained from cecal content. Dissimilarities in cecal microbiota composition represented by the non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination plot, with the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity index calculated on rarefied OTU abundances on day 40 (A). The centroids of each group are features as the group name on the graph (“envfit”; Vegan R package). Samples are colored by dietary treatment: C (basal control diet, grey) and S (basal diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079; purple). The larger filled circles indicate group centroids. (B) Box plot graph representation of the alpha diversity (Shannon index), beta diversity (Whittaker’s index) and richness (total number of OTUs present in each sample) using the rarefied OTU table for each group on day 40; samples are colored by dietary treatment: C (basal control diet, grey) and S (basal diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079; purple)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Overview of main factor H functions and their implication in pathological conditions. Factor H is a major soluble complement regulator that inhibits activation of the alternative complement pathway in body fluids. In addition, factor H is also able to control complement activation on self-surfaces and thereby protects host cells and tissues from complement attack. Factor H binds to host cells and basement membranes via interactions with glycosaminoglycans and deposited C3b. The binding of factor H to apoptotic cells and extracellular matrices is in part mediated by the pentraxins CRP and PTX3, and is of particular importance as these structures and cells are otherwise not well protected from complement. Furthermore, factor H interacts with host cells via specific receptors and thus modulates cellular functions, including adhesion and phagocytosis. Impaired functions of factor H are associated with several diseases such as DDD, aHUS and AMD. Mutations in the CFH gene (examples of affected domains are shown in red) or autoantibodies directed against factor H (“mini-autoantibody” in DDD and anti-factor H IgG in aHUS are shown in red) cause defective complement regulation and ligand recognition leading to improperly controlled inflammation and tissue damage. On the other hand, the regulatory functions of factor H are abused by several pathogens and tumor cells in order to protect themselves from complement attack and thus to evade the host immune response." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Forest plots of (A) HR of progression-free survival (PFS) and (B) HR of overall survival (OS) in patients with high tumor mutation burden (TMB) assigned to treat with immunotherapy versus chemotherapy. HR, hazard ratio." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The single-cell RNA-sequencing of human tissue. scRNA-seq has been performed only in a limited number of human tissues. Due to the morphology and rarity of senescent cells, senescence can be underestimated by scRNA-seq. Since senescent cells may be lost occur during organ dissociation and library construction, it is necessary to enrich senescent cells or increase throughput to understand senescent cells thoroughly." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Summary of steps I–IV" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Examine the image closely and share its details\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Integrins targeted in late stage clinical trials. The chains or heterodimers targeted, together with symbols indicating the type of drug used as mentioned in text are shown. Drugs named in violet have been used in cancer trials. Non-cancer drugs are named in blue. Marketed drugs are underlined; withdrawn drug indicated with broken underline." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "a Schematic model of GO basal–center–edge planes oxygen–containing functional groups. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [75] Copyright © 2008, American Chemical Society. b Schematic view of the graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide chemical structures. c Synthesized routes of graphite to graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [14] Copyright © 2016, Intech Open" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "IL-6 and TNF-α, but not IL-4 and IL-10, increase intracellular calcium concentration and iNOS expression in human glioblastoma astrocytoma U-373 MG cells. Human glioblastoma astrocytoma U-373 MG cells were stimulated for different durations (0–75 min) with IL-6 or TNF-α (a) and IL-4 or IL-10 (b). All cytokines were tested at 10 ng/ml. Intracellular calcium and iNOS were determined by Fluo-3 fluorometric and Western blot analysis, respectively. For [Ca2+]i, values are means ± SEM; *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 vs matched-time controls (ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test). (c, d) Representative Western blot images of iNOS expression taken from a total of five independent experiments" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Cobalt fills simultaneously via median and lateral eyes in Amblypygi. Phrynus pseudoparvulus; all eight eyes stained; sagittal sections. a-d, Three consecutive sections of the same specimen; c detail of b. Cobalt visible in (I) the first median eye visual neuropil, (II) the tract between first and second median eye neuropil (arrows), (III) the second median eye visual neuropil, (IV) a thin tract between the second median eye and second lateral eye visual neuropil (arrowheads), (V) the second lateral eye neuropil, (VI) the tract between the first and second median eye neuropil (not shown, but available on morph-d-base) and (VII) the first lateral eye neuropil (not shown, but available on morph-d-base). Note U-turn of a few fibres (arrowheads) from the second median eye neuropil to a thin tract connecting the second median and second lateral eye neuropil. Bars 50 μm. e, f, Different specimens showing details of the connection between the second median and second lateral eye neuropil via a thin tract (arrowhead). Bars 50 μm. M1, first median eye visual neuropil; M2, second median eye visual neuropil; L2, second lateral eye neuropil; arrow, tract connecting M1 and M2; a-c subunits of L2; arrowhead thin tract connecting M2 and L2" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Scanning electron micrographs showing the external appearance of the particles of BioBullets product SB 1000 (a,b) and SB 2000 (c,d)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Comparison of all-cause death rates in the overall population. a Comparison among the 3 groups; (b) comparison of Groups 1 and 2; (c) comparison of Groups 1 and 3; and (d) comparison of Groups 2 and 3" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Lesions sparing abdominal crease" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a compact narrative representing the image presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Tubes." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The loss of Synj1 does not alter the trafficking of EGF receptor upon EGF binding in HeLa cells. a-h Ctli and Synj1i HeLa cells were transiently transfected with cDNA coding for GFP–EGFR. 48 h after transfection, cells were serum starved for 3 h (time 0; a, d), incubated with EGF (100 ng/ml) for different indicated times b, c, e, f, fixed and stained with a plasma membrane marker, CD55 (red). Serial confocal sections were acquired from the top to the bottom of cells. The overlay of green and red fluorescence is shown in insets. Representative images show that EGFR follows a comparable kinetic of internalisation upon EGF binding in Ctli and Synj1i cells. Bars, 10 μm. g, h Mean fluorescence intensities at the surface g and in the intracellular compartments h were measured at the different chase times and expressed as percentages of total fluorescence. i, j Representative immunoblotting of EGFR upon EGF stimulation. Cells were treated as aforementioned, and after each chase time they were lysed and subjected to western blot analysis i. Tubulin was used as loading control. The molecular weight of protein markers is indicated. Densitometric analysis is shown j, and the results were expressed as percentage of the amount of protein at the time 0. Error bars, means ± SD" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Examine the image closely and share its details\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Equine-derived bone (toluidine blue and acid fuchsin): (a) trabecular bone with large marrow spaces and biomaterial particles was observed. The biomaterial particles were located in the apical portion of the biopsy and they were surrounded by new bone (original magnification 12X); (b) the bone was in close contact with the granules and in some areas osteoblasts were observed in the process of apposing bone directly on the particle surface (original magnification 40X)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ratio of strong positive pixels (strong staining) on total pixels and weak positive pixels (weak staining) on total pixels for UCH-L1. Data are expressed in mean ± SEM. We can note a significant increase in percentage of strong staining and decrease in percentage of weak staining for the HH and TBI+HH groups compared with the Sham and TBI groups. HH indicates hypoxia-hypotension; SEM, standard error of the mean; TBI, traumatic brain injury; UCH-L1, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ionizing radiation induces immunogenic cell death of tumors, which facilitates cross-priming of CTLs. Ionizing radiation induces translocation of calreticulin (CRT) to the tumor cell membrane, which acts as an “eat me” signal to dendritic cells (DCs), facilitating receptor mediated endocytosis through CD91. This makes tumor antigens available for cross-presentation on MHC-I for priming of tumor-specific T-cells. Radiotherapy also induces the release of danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as ATP and HMGB-1, which are endogenous immune adjuvants that stimulate DC activation, inducing DCs to provide co-stimulatory signals to naïve T-cells, facilitating cross-priming of CTLs. Together, these processes constitute immunogenic cell death of tumor cells." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) The rate performance of N-CFs-700 and PN-CFs-700; (B) cycle performance and Coulombic efficiency of N-CFs-700 and PN-CFs-700 for 600 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A g−1; (C) Nyquist plots of N-CFs-700 and PN-CFs-700 (the inset is the corresponding equivalent circuit diagram); (D) Z′ - ω−1/2 linear fitting curves in the low frequency zone." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Metabolic profiling of Cistus flower (S0) and three fruit stages (S1–S3). (A) HPLC/DAD elution profiles at λ = 260 nm; notable peaks are denoted in the legend on the side. The Y-axis scales are different for each of the chromatograms. (B) Biplot of principal component analysis performed on zero-centered and unit-scaled compound quantity data. The samples are colored by stage (S0–S3) as shown in the legend, and these groups are further encircled by a convex hull of the same color. Variable loadings are indicated by arrows and were scaled by multiplying with five prior graph constructions so they could be seen more readily. (C) Heat map of zero-centered and unit-scaled compound quantity data. The samples (in rows) are arranged according to hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward’s method of cluster agglomeration) constructed using Euclidean distances (left tree), and the metabolites (in columns) are arranged according to hierarchical cluster analysis (cluster agglomeration using complete linkage) constructed using Spearman correlation distances (top tree)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The effect of vGPCR and K7 on cell growth in vitro. (A) K7 reduces vGPCR protein expression in stable NIH3T3 cells. Whole cell lysates of NIH3T3/vector, NIH3T3/vGPCR, NIH3T3/K7, and NIH3T3/vGPCR+K7 were precipitated with anti-HA and immunoblotted with anti-HA antibody (top panel). For K7 expression, above stable cells were treated with MG132 for 6 h before harvest, K7 was precipitated with anti-Flag and analyzed by immunoblot with anti-Flag antibody (bottom panel). (B) K7 does not reduce vGPCR mRNA level. The mRNA level of vGPCR in stable cell lines as described in (A) was analyzed by RT-PCR and β-actin PCR product serves as a loading control. (C) vGPCR and K7 inhibit cell growth. NIH3T3 stable cell lines described in (A) were cultured in complete DMEM containing puromycin (1 µg/ml) and counted at 24 h and 48 h. The doubling time was measured as derscribed in Materials and Methods. Data represent three independent measurements and error bars denote standard deviation. (D) K7 reduces the loss of vGPCR transcripts in NIH3T3 cells. NIH3T3 stable cell lines as described in (A) were passaged up to 7 d and RT-PCR analyses were performed with primers specific for vGPCR, β-actin, and K7. (E) PCR analyses with serial dilution of cDNA templates from NIH3T3/vGPCR and NIH3T3/vGPCR+K7 were performed using vGPCR-specific primers. The ratio denotes fold of serial dilutions. (F) The effect of vGPCR and K7 on apoptosis. NIH3T3 stable cell lines were treated with TNF-α (5 ng/ml) and CHX (1 µg/ml) for 24 h; cell viability measured by trypan blue staining is shown. Data represent 3 independent experiments, and error bars denote standard deviation; *p<0.03 relative to NIH3T3/vector cells as calculated by Student's t-test." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flow diagram. DAA-treated patients were confirmed by records review, whereas patients without DAA were based on either phone confirmation of no desire to receive DAA or inability to reach the patient by phone." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Fused axial 18F-FDG PET-CT shows increased FDG avidity in the aortic wall corresponding to the mural thickening (red arrow). FDG, fludeoxyglucose." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Image of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (a) and structure of triptolide, glycyrrhizin, and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (b, c)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Biological heterogeneity in oral dysplasia is marked by coexistence of four fractions." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Distribution of Arg I+ and Arg II+ macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions. A: A new morphometric method was set up to analyze the distribution of Arg I+ and Arg II+ MØ based on profiles (n = 10 per lesion, 3 lesions per mouse) outlined accross the lesions between the internal elastic lamina (IEL) and the lumen border. To compare the profiles regardless of the lesion thickness, they were adjusted and represented according to the percentage of the IEL-lumen border distance. Two profiles and are plotted as representative examples. B: Adjusted profiles showing the Arg I and Arg II labeling distributions in the lesion in early (20w) and advanced (55w) aortic cusps of ApoE KO mice." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ICEPae1161 identified in P. aeruginosa PAO1161 genome is a functional PAPI-1 family integrative and conjugative element conferring resistance to mercury. a Comparative genomics of ICEPae1161 and selected PAPI-1 family ICEs. Mauve alignment of ICEPae1161 and PAPI-1 [59], PAGI-5 [60], PFGI-1 [61], pKLC102 [62] and ICEPaePACS2–1 (position 896,693:1002644 of NZ_AAQW01000001) [35] is presented. Three blocks of sequences which are free of genome rearrangements, such as inversions and duplications, are marked with rectangles connected with lines. Green segments indicate sequences conserved in all ICEs (backbone). Regions conserved among subsets of analysed ICEs are color coded. White region is specific only to one analysed ICE. Arrows indicate the location and orientation of coding sequences. Boundary genes and the mercury resistance operon are shown on top. b Schematic model of linear and excised (circular) ICEPae1161. c PCR analysis of ICEPae1161 excision. PCR was performed with indicated primer pairs flanking att sequences using PAO1161 genomic DNA as a template and products were separated on a 1.2% agarose gel followed by DNA visualization using ethidium bromide staining. d Growth of P. putida KT2440 strain and P. putida KT2440 ICEPae1161::aadA (SmR). Strains were grown in L broth with or without 40 μM HgCl2. Data represent mean OD600nm ± SD for 6 clones analysed in 3 biological replicates. e Genomic context of three potential ICEPae1161 integration sites (attB) in P. putida KT2440 genome. The sites were identified based on the presence of 48 bp sequence flanking ICEPae1161 in PAO1161 genome. Blue arrows indicate the orientation of the sequences. Schematic model of ICEPae1161 integration at each attB site in orientation corresponding to the one observed in PAO1161 genome. f PCR analysis of ICEPae1161 presence in P. putida KT2440. Genomic DNA of the wild-type P. putida KT2440 (WT) and six independent transconjugants (1–6) was used as a template in PCR with the indicated primer pairs. Products were separated on 1% agarose gel followed by DNA visualization using ethidium bromide staining. Primer binding sites and names are indicated in red (Additional file 6: Table S6)" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Reported history of medically attended cholera since 2010 in HIV-affected households in rural Haiti (n = 352)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a compact narrative representing the image presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Pedigree of Family-18." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Western blot analysis of pAkt and pRelA/536 expression, in C666.1 cell line treated or not with 100 µM of B1.12 peptide or with 100 µM control peptide (a). Histograms representing the ratios pAkt/Tubulin and pRelA536/Tubulin expression are shown in (b). Density quantification of each band was assessed by the ‘image-j’ software. Data are represented as mean ± SD (n = 4 biological replicates), and P-value was evaluated by one-way ANOVA test, ***P = 0.0006, and ****P < 0.0001. Expression level of A20 in both B1.12-treated and untreated C666.1 cells are represented in (c). Data are represented as mean ± SD (n = 3 biological replicates), and P-value was evaluated by two-tailed Mann-Whitney u test (P = 0.1). ns: non significant." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Retinoids can cross the BBB. [3H]AM 580 was prepared with two tritium labels, one each in the 2 and 3′ positions, as shown. The graph shows [3H]AM 580 and [14C]sucrose (vascular space marker) detected in brain regions and parenchyma (supernatant) and capillary endothelial cells (pellet) after capillary depletion analysis of the whole brain homogenate relative to that in the plasma (RTissue; mL/100 g). One-way anova on ranks, P < 0.001, followed by Tukey’s test, P <0.05 for both brain region samples and capillary depletion samples. Results are mean ± SE (n = 3–5; *P < 0.05 for [3H]AM 580 as compared with [14C]sucrose)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Simulations of the changes in community composition according to the discrete model when a selective advantage is given to the bulk water taxon and a selective disadvantage of the same magnitude is given to biofilm taxon. The vertical axis is the taxon relative abundance and the values of each taxon (i.e. the black, green and red lines) sum to one at each point along the horizontal axis. Magnitude of the advantage and disadvantage terms are labeled in each graph, ranging from zero to 0.1 and time (the horizontal axis) is measured in units of 104 events." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Rate of grooming interactions between infant males, infant females, juvenile males, juvenile females, adult males, and adult females. (** p < 0.01)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ameliorative effects of zeaxanthin dipalmitate (ZD) on ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation. (A) Representative histological changes of control group; alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) group; vehicle-ZD group; and AFLD+ZD group after 10-week 4 g/kg ethanol administration with or without daily 25 mg/kg ZD administration from the 5th week to the 10th week. Tissue sections were stained with H&E (200x magnification). Yellow arrows indicate fat accumulation in the liver while blue arrow indicates typical inflammatory infiltration (Bar: 20 microns) (B) Liver necrotic area from each group. (C) Hepatic triglyceride (TG) content from each group. Different letters (e.g. a and b) indicate significant differences between groups (at least p<0.05). Data presented are expressed as Mean ± S.D. (n = 6)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Reaction developed by Enders and Henseler." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Oscillating profiles of Prunus persica recorded using different concentrations of H2SO4." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Insilico screening of the compounds. This figure depicts the procedure used during the screening of the compounds." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Film composition (a) and carrier activation energy (b) as a function of oxygen content in the nebulizing gas. Each sample was deposited until the full cup of 8 mL is emptied at a temperature of 310 °C." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "XAV939 induces YAP cytoplasmic relocalization A., B. Immunofluorescence images of endogenous YAP expression A. and western blot analysis of indicated proteins B. in H2373 cells treated with XAV939 or CTR for 24 hours. C.-E. Western blot analysis C., TEAD reporter activity D. and relative mRNA expression levels of TEAD target genes E. in MCF10A cells stably overexpressing YAP-S127A. F. Immunofluorescence analysis of MCF10A stably expressing YAP-S127A treated with XAV939 or CTR for 24 hours. Bar: 10 μm. Error bars represent SD of experiments performed in triplicate. ***P≤0.001. Student t-Test." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Changes in the expression of A) CXCL8, B) TNF-α, C) IL-1β, D) IL-1α mRNA after exposure of AH-1 trophoblast cells to medium alone (Med), uninfected control cell lysate (Lys) or increasing MOI of W. chondrophila (MOI 0.1, 1, 10) or UV-killed organisms (MOI 10) for 24 h. Statistically-significant differences relative to medium control are indicated by *P<0.05; ***P<0.001. Data were analysed by two-way ANOVA. Comparisons between individual treatments were made using Tukey's multiple comparison test (n = 3). Data are presented as arbitrary units (AU)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Optical fiber sensing principle." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "VSM model predicted cGMP traces for multiple NO donors. VSM-specific model predicted cGMP (green) and actual cGMP measured by FlincG (red, averaged traces) after exposure to NO for (A) PROLI/NO, (B) MAHMA/NO, (C) DEA/NO, and (D) Spermine/NO (FlincG traces are mean values from Figures 2 and 3)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Impact of cationic dicephalic surfactants on C. albicans biofilm eradication on a glass surface; mean ± SD, n = 3; *significantly different from the control P < 0.05." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Activation of YAP diminishes chondrogenesis and cilium elongation in SMSCs. (A) Western blot analysis of Ace-Tubulin, phosphorylated Yes-associated protein (YAP), YAP, Col II, and SOX9 in synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) treated with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and treated with docetaxel (D) for 1 week. (B) Quantification of the data of (A). n = 5. (C) Western blot analysis of IFT88, SMO, and GLI1 in SMSCs treated with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and treated with docetaxel (D) for 1 week. (D) Quantification of the data of (C). n = 5. (E) Immunofluorescence staining for ARL13B in SMSCs. (F) Quantification of (E) for the number and length of primary cilia in SMSCs. n = 5. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The sequence of data analysis activities." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Masses of epithelial cells showing dark nuclei at the periphery and pale nuclei at the centre with surrounding hyaline sheath" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Laboratory setup. In the scheme each unique sequence has a different colour, and the different tags are represented by the differences in the continuity of the blue lines at the ends of the sequence. a DNA is extracted and the targeted barcode is amplified from each sample. More than one amplification reaction is performed, each PCR replicate with different tag combinations. Afterwards, double-tagged amplicon products can be pooled and constructed into a sequencing library that is subsequently amplified prior to sequencing. b Erroneous sequences are filtered based on (1) identification of unused tag combinations (which may be due to tag jumping), (2) chimeric sequences identification with clustering algorithms, and (3) the sequence copy number and reproducibility across the PCR replicates" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Assessment of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver. (A) Results of qRT-PCR to detect TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-1ra mRNA levels are shown. (B) The mRNA levels of oxidative stress-related gene HO-1 and NOS2 were analyzed. (C) Representative TUNEL staining for detection of apoptosis in liver tissue was examined. Pictures are shown at 200× magnification. The proportion of TUNEL-positive area was calculated using an image analysis system. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Experimental groups marked by different letters represent significant differences between groups at p < 0.05." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Summary of the various soluble factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells and their functions. HGF: Hepatocyte growth factor; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor–β; IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; PGE2: Prostaglandin E2; IL: Interleukin; DCs: Dendritic cells; CCL: CC-chemokine ligand; NKs: Natural killer cells; MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; CXCR: C-X-C chemokine receptor type; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; IGF: Insulin-like growth factor; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor; Nrf2: Nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2; HIF: Hypoxia-inducible factor; SDF: Stromal cell-derived factor; PDGF: Platelet-derived growth factor; ANG1: Angiogenesis 1; MCP-1: Monocyte chemotactic protein-1; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; hCAP: Human cathelicidin anti-microbial peptide; HO-1: Heme oxygenase; NO: Nitric oxide." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Correlation analysis between infiltrating immune cell subtypes with the candidate De-OSRGs. Spearman correlation analysis between immune cell subtypes and CCNB1 (A) /PKD1 (B) /COX15 (C). Venn diagram (D) showing the key gene pair shared by the immune cell-related genes (ICRG) and candidate De-OSRGs." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Declines of FEV1/FVC along age Changes in FEV1/FVC along age according to smoking status and rs8192575 were plotted by generalized additive models (GAM). Figure 4 suggests that smoking has a significant effect on FEV1/FVC ratios for healthy individuals. The plot was generated by software R version 3.6.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing; Vienna, Austria)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Amplification of full length B2L gene (1206 bp) of reference Orf vaccine virus (Muk59/05), Lane M: DNA Marker 1 kb; Lane 1-6: Orf vaccine virus; Lane 7: NTC." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) Scenario tree for passive clinical surveillance on cattle or sheep farm (CLIN) in Switzerland. (B) Scenario tree for abortion testing on cattle or sheep farm (ABT) in Switzerland." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The level of cortisol (A), BDNF (B), IL-8 (C), IGF-1 (D), MMP-9 (E), and myoglobin (F) during RF (male = 19; female = 15). (a–e) significant difference between men and women at T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flow-chart of experimental design. C57BL/6NJ mice were treated with 0, 0.5, 1.5 or 4.5 μg Saxitoxin (STX) equivalents/kg body weight in the drinking water for 3 months. The mice were sacrificed after behavioral tests, and brain hippocampal tissues were isolated for further HE staining and proteomic analysis. Protein was pooled from six animals in each group (Marked as CT, Low, Middle, High) and was digested into peptides. The peptides were further labeled with 6-plex TMT and HPRP fractionation followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Proteomics analysis was performed by using PEAKS 8.5 software, and bioinformatics analysis. Including heat map, GO, STRING and KEGG pathway was were performed using DAVID 6.8 and OmicShare." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Forest plots comparing the incidence of postoperative nausea between the TEAS and control groups." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Chunk test results on the DSS multivariable model reporting the proportion of the overall χ2 of the model explained by each variable, the partial χ2 and p value of the Wald test, testing the association between each variable and the outcome (A); adjusted marginal effect plots for the 5-year DSS with CI95% (gray bands) of the NODALMV (B) and MYELOIDMV (C) scores; contour plot showing isoprognostic DSS bands according to the combined effect of the NODALMV and MYELOIDMV scores for the 5-year DSS estimate, the color scale represents the 5 y DSS probability (D); and decision curve analysis (DCA) showing the advantages of the model including MV compared to the one fitted with UICC overall stage alone in predicting the 5-year DSS (E)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) The intraerythrocytic life cycle of malaria parasites. Ring, trophozoite and schizont stages last for approximately 24, 14 and 10 h, respectively. Parasite cultures were kept tightly synchronized to contain ≥85% of a specific blood stage. Conditioned culture media was harvested from cultures at 22-, 38- and 46-h post-invasion, to ensure the EVs present were released from (B), ring-, (C) trophozoite- or (D) schizont-iRBCs. Scale bar–10 µm." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Effect of DEQA on the release of MMP-1 (A) and procollagen Iα1 (B) in UVA-irradiated HDFs. Cells were treated with given concentrations of DEQA, and then the cell-free supernatants were collected for ELISA assay. The data are presented as mean ± standard deviation of three experiments in each group. ## p < 0.01 vs. no UVA irradiation group, * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. only UVA irradiation group." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Summarize the visual content of the image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The scatter plot graphic of the photoreceptor outer segment length by age groups." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "HepG2 SVs Reconstructed and Assembled Using GROC-SVs in HepG2. (A–D) Each line depicts a fragment inferred from 10X-Genomics data based on clustering of reads with identical barcodes (Y-axis) identified from GROC-SVs (34). Abrupt ending (dashed vertical line) of fragments indicates location of SV breakpoint. All breakpoints depicted are validated by 3 kb-mate-pair sequencing data. Fragments are phased locally with respect to surrounding SNVs (haplotype-specific) are in orange, and black when no informative SNVs are found nearby. Gray lines indicate portions of fragments that do not support the current breakpoint. (A) Translocation between chromosomes 1 and 4. Linked-read fragments containing overlapping barcodes that map to chromosome 1 end abruptly near 248.60 mb indicating a breakpoint, and then continues simultaneously near 168.75 mb on chromosome 4. (B) Translocation between chromosomes 6 and 17. Linked-read fragments containing overlapping barcodes that map to chromosome 17 end abruptly near 36.17 mb indicating a breakpoint and then continues simultaneously near 113.52 mb on chromosome 6. (C) Large (335 kb) heterozygous deletion within NEDD4L on chromosome 18. (D) Large (1.3 mb) intra-chromosomal rearrangement that deletes large portions of RBFOX1 and RP11420N32 on chromosome 16." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Determination of peptide binding affinity to HLA-A2. (A) The mean fluorescence index (MFI) values of HLA-A2 molecules on T2 cells after incubating with 57 pairs HLA-A*0201 restricted wildtype (WT) and mutant (MT) peptides individually. (B) The MFI values of HLA-A2 molecules from 18 pairs HLA-A*0201 WT and MT peptides in a repetitive experiment. (C) The MFI values of HLA-A2 molecules at different concentrations of 12 MT peptides. (D) The Kd values of 12 MT peptides." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "UCP2 deletion aggravated ischemia/reperfusion induced histopathological changes and apoptotic in hyperglycemic mice. (A) HE staining. (B) Quantitative summary of pyknotic cells. (C) Nissl staining. (D) The average optical density of each group of Nissl bodies. (E) Apoptosis was determined via TUNEL test. (F) the number of TUNEL positive cells (n=6 mice, each group). Δp<0.05 vs. sham group;p<0.05 vs. WT group; #p<0.05 vs. NG group, respectively." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flow diagram of studies selection. IVST, interventricular septum thickness; SNP, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; AGT, angiotensinogen. Fig. 1a, ACE I/D flow diagram; Fig. 1b, AGT flow diagram." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Study sample and dropout" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Histopathologic examination revealed total gastric infarction associated with the presence of abundant, widely disseminated fungal hyphae with morphologic features of mucormycosis within the vascular channels as demonstrated." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Classification of immune phenotype on the basis of spatial analysis of TIL powered by Lunit SCOPE IO. (A) Distribution of TIL density in CE in TCGA-LUAD and LUSC (WSI n = 923, 1 mm2-sized grid n = 165,646, blue), SMC (WSI n = 1,205, 1 mm2-sized grid n = 121,122, red), and SNUBH (WSI n = 261, 1 mm2-sized grid n = 34,297, teal, top left). Distribution of TIL density in CS in same cohorts (bottom left). Sample H&E images and Lunit SCOPE IO–inferenced masked images of a 1 mm2-sized grid (CE: yellow, CS: purple, and TIL: red) of three immune phenotypes (middle left). Sample WSI images masked with three immune phenotypes of 1 mm2-sized grid (inflamed: red, immune-excluded: teal, immune-desert: blue, middle right). Distribution of inflamed score (red) and immune-excluded score (teal) and proportion of representative immune phenotype in TCGA-LUAD and LUSC (right). (B) and (C) Correlation of representative IP (x-axis) and local immune cytolytic activity measured by gene expressions of GZMA and PRF1 (y-axis, B) as well as tumor mutational burden (y-axis, C) in TCGA-LUAD and LUSC. **Represents P < .001 and *represents P < .05. (D) Summary of ssGSEA using HALLMARK gene sets in TCGA-LUAD and LUSC, filtered by FDR (or q value) < 1%. The mean ratios of ssGSEA scores times –log2 FDR value of inflamed IP or others (red, first column) and those of immune-excluded IP or others (teal, second column). (E) Summary of Cibersort analysis in TCGA-LUAD and LUSC, filtered by P value < .05. Subsets of immune cells enriched in inflamed IP (red), those in immune-excluded IP (teal), and those in immune-desert IP (blue) were annotated. Diameter from zero point to each dot reflected the mean ratio of each IP compared with other IPs times –log2 P value. (F) Summary of multiplex IHC in SMC cohort (n = 99). Quantification of expressing cells was normalized by number of DAPI-stained cells. The normalized count of each expressing cells enriched in inflamed IP (red), that in immune-excluded IP (teal), and that in immune-desert IP (blue) was annotated. Diameter from zero point to each dot reflected the mean ratio of each IP compared with other IPs times –log2 P value. *Represents P < .05. (G) Representative multiplex IHC images of inflamed IP (left), immune-excluded IP (middle), and immune-desert IP (right). AI, artificial intelligence; AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic; CE, cancer epithelium; CS, cancer stroma; FDR, false discovery rate; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; IHC, immunohistochemistry; IP, immune phenotype; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; LUSC, lung squamous cell carcinoma; SMC, Samsung Medical Center; SNUBH, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; ssGSEA, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; TIL, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; TMB, tumor mutational burden; WSI, whole-slide image." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the image concisely.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Flow diagram. Intervention assignment and follow-up analysis of schools and pupils in La Mesa and Anapoima municipalities in Cundinamarca department, Colombia." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Characterize the image using a well-detailed description\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Relative biological effectiveness for a SOBP calculated with a biological optimization on a target mm at a depth of 160 mm (A,B) and 280 mm (C,D) for a tissue of Gy (A,C) and Gy (B,D). The black line represents the RBE obtained by considering only primary protons, the blue one is obtained including all protons while in red all protons and target fragment contribution. The legend stands for both panels." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was determined by testing a calibration curve [serial dilutions of the positive control (PC) in pooled human serum ranging from 1000 to 0.005 ng/mL] spanning the cut-point in six assay runs by two operators (A). The concentration of the PC yielding an assay response at the cut-point was interpolated using a 4PL fitting model (B), and the LOD calculated to be 33.20 ng/mL." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Module analysis from the protein–protein interaction network. The modules 1–3 consisted of 50, 70, and 41 nodes, respectively (a, c, e). The enrichment analysis of modules 1–3 (b, d, f)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "PAK_P3 alters expression of many host gene features by late infection. Differential expression analysis of host gene features comparing transcript abundance between phage negative controls (t = 0 min) and late infection (t = 13min) was performed. This comparison was made after normalizing the read counts that map to each host gene feature between both conditions, ignoring reads that map to the phage, which artificially enriches reads in the late condition. This method thus compares the negative control directly to a host transcript population that has been depleted by replacement with phage transcripts during infection, normalizing away the global depletion so that more specific shifts can be reported and independently tested for." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Summary of significant flow cytometry results (Immune cell populations: B cells, T cells, NK cells, and neutrophils) comparing Hu-NSG mice bitten by infected mosquitoes versus those bitten with control (uninfected) mosquitoes. Hu-NSG mice were infected with CHIKV via mosquito bite. At 7 and 25 days post-infection, mice were euthanized, and changes in immune cell populations in the blood, spleen, and bone marrow between infected and control mice were assessed via flow cytometry. Outliers were removed via ROUT analysis, and statistical significance was assessed via multiple comparison t-test using the Holm-Sidak correction. Immune components are outlined in the graphs above and summarized in table 5. Asterisks indicate significance differences (n.s. = not significant; * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; ***p<0.005)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Scheme for tracing the haplotypes of founder cultivars. Fourteen founder haplotypes were traced automatically forward to a total of 844 individuals from the combined populations, according to four steps. A famous cultivar ‘Fuji’ is shown as an example. The first step is the phasing and imputation of sporadic missing genotypes of ‘Fuji’. The second step is the estimation of its parental phases. The third step was the estimation of haplotype blocks of ‘Fuji’ inherited from the female ‘Ralls Janet’ and male ‘Delicious’ parents. The final step was to assign the founder haplotypes of ‘Ralls Janet’ and ‘Delicious’ to the haplotype blocks of ‘Fuji’." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Narrate the contents of the image with precision\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Discrimination thresholds for 4A and 4B discrimination results, n = 14 in each experiment. Both experiments involved a same–different task, but in Experiment 4B participants were explicitly asked to judge eye-to-mouth distance. Attention to eye-to-mouth distance decreased both sensitivity to differences in the faces and the size of the face inversion effect" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Kaplan-Meier function of age at disease onset depending on the prevalence of the common mutation c.-32-13 T > G." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Annual population size and growth rates. (A) Total, juvenile, and adult population sizes and (B) deterministic population growth rate (λ ± SE) for a golden mantled ground squirrel population at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, Colorado, for each year of the study." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Validation of modeled LE (LEMOD) using the daily eddy covariance data (LEEC) at 4 sites (RU_HA1, RU_HA2, RU_HA3, CN_TY)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hepatitis B viral virus X protein (HBx) X1 and X2 fragments amplified by PCR from AH109-pAS2-1-X1 and AH109-pAS2-1-X2. X1 and X2 fragments of the expected size can be seen after gel electrophoresis (0.6% agarose). Lane 1, 100-bp DNA ladder; lanes 2–4, HBx X1 (216 bp) amplified with primers P1 and P2; lane 5, negative controls; lanes 6 and 7, HBx X2 (352 bp) amplified with primers P1 and P3." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Create a compact narrative representing the image presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Urine examination (×40) (A) The typical brown dihydroxyadenine crystals have a dark outline and central spicules in conventional light microscopy. (B) The crystals appear yellow under polarized light microscopy." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Steady-State BCR Diffusion within the Plasma Membrane Is Restricted (A–C) Single-molecule tracking of IgM and IgD in primary naive B cells on MHC II-coated coverslips. (A, top and middle) Different BCR behaviors identified: faster, more mobile diffusion (top, red track) and slower, more confined diffusion (middle, blue track). (A, bottom) IgM (red) and IgD (green) are occasionally visualized confined in the same volume (yellow circle). Track for IgM is shown (red). Scale bars represent 2 μm. (B) Diffusion coefficients of single molecules of IgM (black squares) and IgD (gray circles) with the median indicated in red. (C) Relative frequencies of single molecules of IgM (black squares) and IgD (gray circles) with diffusion coefficients in the indicated diffusion bins. (D–I) Steady-state diffusion coefficients (D, F, H) and distribution histogram with diffusion coefficients in the indicated bins (E, G, I) of single molecules of IgM in primary naive B cells adhered to anti-MHC class II-coated coverslips and various B cell lines adhered to fibronectin-coated coverslips (D, E), single molecules of IgM and IgD in the IgM+IgD+ Wehi 231 B cell line (F, G), and single molecules of transfected Hel-specific IgM or endogenous IgG in A20 B cells (H, I). ∗∗∗p < 0.0001, ∗p = 0.02. 300 representative diffusion coefficients displayed from a total of 500–3000 from at least two independent experiments. See also Figure S1." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Locations of where C. fruticosa plants were sampled on five of the major Hawaiian Islands. The location of where some herbarium specimens were collected on Oahu (inset) is approximate due to a lack of detailed information. Relative sizes of the islands are to scale, but their geographic locations relative to each other are not accurate." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "PRC2, PhoRC, and PRC1 show different replication timing distributions in Drosophila S2 cells. (A) Boxplot (left panel) of genome-wide Drosophila embryonic S2 cell line replication timing for significantly H3K27me3 enriched promoters (orange) and non-enriched promoters (light blue). Horizontal boxplot (top right panel) of RNA expression levels in the two previous groups, where group sizes are indicated to the left. Bootstrap distributions (bottom right panel) of mean replication timing for H3K27me3 significantly enriched promoters (orange) and non-enriched promoters (light blue). Percentile confidence intervals (α = 0.025) are indicated with dashed vertical lines. (B) Same as (A), with promoters classified as E(z) bound (orange) and non-bound (light blue). (C) Same as the first two panels of (B), with promoters classified as PHO bound (orange) and non-bound (light blue). (D) Horizontal boxplot of RNA expression levels for genome-wide PRC1 bound (orange) and non-bound (light blue) promoters, PRC1 bound (dark red) and non-bound (dark blue) OFF promoters only and PRC1 bound (red) and non-bound (blue) ON promoters only (see Material and Methods). Group sizes are indicated to the left. (E) Boxplot of replication timing for the three previous groups. (F) Bootstrap distributions of mean replication timing for PRC1 bound (red) and non-bound (blue) ON promoters. Percentile confidence intervals (α = 0.025) are indicated with dashed vertical lines. All p-values have been computed using a Wilcoxon rank sum test." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(A) Schematic diagram showing the preparation of Apt-hybr-TCL-SPIONs and Dox@Apt-hybr-TCL-SPIONs. (B) T2-weighted fast spin echo images at the level of the LNCaP tumor on the right side of the mouse taken 0, 2, 24, and 48 h after injection of Apt-hybr-TCL-SPIONs or scrApt-hybr-TCL-SPIONs. The dashed circle indicates the xenograft tumor region. (C) The RSE (%) in the tumor areas of the Apt-hybr-TCL-SPION- and scrApt-hybr-TCL-SPION-treated mice were recorded from the T2-weighted images as a function of time. Reproduced with permission from ref. 123." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the image concisely.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Multi-target path planning results of Algorithm 3 in complex environments." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The influence of membrane composition on the potential response of the Hg2+-ISEs." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Render a clear and concise summary of the photo.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ultrasound of the abdomen showing well-defined oval cystic lesion (12 × 7 cm) communicating with the uterus." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Describe the following image in detail\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Microscopic images: (a) extruded filaments with different solid loadings; (b) polished cross-sections with increasing filler content: 1. Row: Pure acryl butadiene styrene (ABS), 10 vol.%, 20 vol.% ferrite, 2. Row: 30 vol.%, 35 vol.% and 40 vol.% ferrite." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a brief description of the given image.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Boxplot for N-Gn/Zy-Zy values." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Combined correlation-based network analysis and machine learning workflow. The workflow of the current study: a Metabolic pathways were gathered from existing repositories. In parallel, correlation-based networks of metabolites were constructed for the tissue of the organism of interest (here, the tomato pericarp). In addition, a vector of features was engineered based on network properties. b Metabolic pathways with partial to full coverage in the correlation networks were mapped to the networks. Each pathway was considered as a single instance. Training and test sets were proposed based on the existence of the pathways in the tomato. c A set of features was computed for each instance in the training set (for the current study 148 * 3 networks = 444 features in total). d The training set was used to generate different ML models. e The model that generated the best performance measures (the AUC) was selected. The ML model was validated in silico using cross-validation. f Test set instances were mapped onto the networks with subsequent feature computation. The proposed ML model was used to predict the potential existence of unidentified pathways in the tomato pericarp" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Customized plate. Arrow highlights the proximal hole through which the polypropylene mesh is passed" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a thorough analysis of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Binding affinity assay of AcerOBP11 to pheromone and plant volatiles. (A) The fluorescence intensity of AcerOBP11 with different concentrations of 1-NPN. (B) Competitive combination of plant volatiles with AcerOBP11. (C) Competitive combination of pheromones with AcerOBP11. Concentrations of all ligands are between 1 and 11 μmol/L." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Present a compact description of the photo’s key features.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Relative importance of the most important variables in clusters of Tehran province" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Explain the various aspects of the image before you\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hit-to-lead evolution in the discovery of ATAD2 bromodomain inhibitors. (a) Superimposition of the ATAD2 bromodomains in complex with fragment screening hits and derived analogues; (b) Structure-guided evolution from a micromolar affinity led to a nanomolar potent inhibitor; (c) Chemical structures of ATAD2 bromodomain inhibitors with their activities annotated. Compounds A–E are colored in red, orange, yellow, green, and cyan in (a,b), with PDB codes 5A5O, 5A5P, 5A5Q, 5A5R and 5A83, respectively. The pIC50 and KD values are measured using TR-FRET (time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer) and SPR (surface plasmon resonance), respectively [103,104]." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Provide a detailed description of the given image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "IL-24 suppresses lung cancer cell migration and invasion. H1299-IL24 cells were either not treated or treated with doxycycline and observed for cell migration and invasion. IL-24 inhibited tumor cell migration (A) and invasion (B) starting from 6h and sustained its inhibitory activity till 48 h at which time point the experiment was terminated (P<0.05). Bars denote standard deviation (SD)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Effect of β, ϕ on f′(ξ)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Gene quantification. (A) Dotplot of gene expression from published short-read data (Li et al. 2014) and molecules per million of spISO-seq. (B) Overlap of genes identified by spISO-seq's linked reads and SLR-RNA-seq's SLRs. (C) Dotplot of gene expression from published synthetic long-read data (Tilgner et al. 2015) and molecules per million of spISO-seq. (D) Gene length and gene type enrichments for genes found only with spISO-seq and those found with spISO-seq and SLR-RNA-seq (Tilgner et al. 2015). (E) Length for mature RNAs for four different gene classes. (F) Dotplot of Ψ-values of short-read RNA sequencing (x-axis) and of spISO-seq (y-axis)." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Impact of the adaptive mutations on H5N8 growth in multiple mouse tissues. Five-week-old female BALB/c mice were inoculated i.n. with 30 μL of 104.0 PFU/mL viruses. Tissue samples of lung (A and B), brain (C and D), and heart (E and F) from 3 ma452- or ma468-infected mice were collected at 1, 3, and 5 dpi. Viral titres were determined in MDCK cells using the Reed-Muench 50% endpoint method and are expressed as the log10 TCID50/g. *P < 0.05. The limit of virus detection was 1.8 log10 TCID50/g. Additional data are presented in Supplementary Figure S4." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a terse but informative summary of the picture.\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Elements identified by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy microanalysis for Cavex ColorChange." } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "a Phenotype assay of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells: the percentage of CD3+CD56+ T cell is 41.0 % and CD3+ T cell represents more than 90 % of collected CIK cells. b Bio-TEM image of NP-CIK cell. c Cytotoxicity assay of several concentrations of Au NRs@SiO2 versus three kinds of cells—CIK, MGC803, and GES-1 cells" } ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Walk through the important details of the image\n<image>" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Effects of CIII on the motor activity in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rat model of osteoarthritis. Unilateral OA was induced in rats by a single intra-articular injection of MIA through the intrapatellar ligament of the right knee of the rats. Oral administration of CIII was undergone for consecutive 14 days. Twenty-four hours after the last dose of the drug, rats were placed in the activity cage and their activity was counted. Results recorded as (Score/5min). The values are expressed (mean ± standard error, n = 10/group. OA showed activity count of 59.33 ± 5.2 vs 162.33 ± 10.82 however, CIII showed activity count of 152.33 ± 9.45 vs 59.33 ± 5.2. Comparisons between different groups were carried out using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's multiple comparison post hoc tests. ∗p < 0.05 indicates a significant difference from the control group. @p < 0.05 indicates a significant difference from the osteoarthritic group." } ]