response
stringlengths 236
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stringclasses 2
values | id
int64 23
2.01k
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|---|---|---|
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the ILI samples which test negative for influenza.",
"The DOCUMENT states that 'ILI samples tested negative for influenza are of unknown etiology.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'are of unknown etiology.'",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 596 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that about 40-80% of cats are detected with FECV shedding in their faeces.",
"There is no mention in the DOCUMENT of FECV being detected through shedding in urine.",
"The provided ANSWER states that FECV is detected through shedding in urine, which is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 324 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what is directly related to nuclear condensation.",
"The DOCUMENT states that nuclear condensation is directly related to apoptotic chromatin changes.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'mitotic chromatin changes'.",
"Mitotic chromatin changes refer to changes during cell division, not apoptosis.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention mitotic chromatin changes in relation to nuclear condensation.",
"Therefore, the ANSWER contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 426 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly states that 'Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was first identified in 2003.'",
"The ANSWER provided is '2003', which directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional information or contradiction in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 904 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'indirect transmission via fomites can also play a role.'",
"The ANSWER 'direct transmission via fomites' is incorrect because the DOCUMENT specifies 'indirect transmission via fomites.'",
"The ANSWER contradicts the DOCUMENT by changing 'indirect' to 'direct,' which is not supported by the provided text."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,543 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that 'Antiviral therapy with pegylated alpha-interferon and ribavirin (the current best therapeutic regimen) is only successful in about 50% of all treated patients.'",
"The ANSWER 'pegylated alpha-interferon and ribavirin' directly corresponds to the antiviral treatments mentioned in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 186 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the risk of developing at least one of the major sequelae was estimated as 6% after an ambulatory pneumonia event and 14% after an episode of hospitalized pneumonia.",
"The DOCUMENT contains the exact same information: 'The risk of developing at least one of the major sequelae was estimated as 6% after an ambulatory pneumonia event and 14% after an episode of hospitalized pneumonia.'",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 113 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the E1-A226V mutation was not present at the beginning of the Indian Ocean Islands outbreak (before September 2005).",
"It also mentions that more than 90% of later viral strains found there had incorporated the mutation (December-March 2006), indicating a genotype switch during the winter season.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms these points, stating that the E1-A226V mutation was not present at the beginning of the outbreak and that more than 90% of later viral strains had incorporated the mutation, indicating a genotype switch during the winter season."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,239 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'bats and rodents are the gene sources of most αCoVs and βCoVs, while avian species are the gene sources of most δCoVs and γCoVs.'",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states that 'bats and rodents are the gene sources of most αCoVs and γCoVs, while avian species are the gene sources of most δCoVs and βCoVs.'",
"The ANSWER has swapped the genera for which bats and rodents, and avian species are the gene sources, thus contradicting the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,919 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'up to an estimated 7.3 billion surgical masks or respirators would be required' in the context of a severe, single-wave pandemic in the United States.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'an estimated 7.3 billion', which directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 85 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the spotting concentration of the capture antibodies varied from 0.2 to 0.0125 mg/ml.",
"The ANSWER states that the spotting concentration range was from 0.2 to 0.025 mg/ml.",
"The ANSWER omits the lower end of the range (0.0125 mg/ml) mentioned in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 48 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'the distribution of soap to households in humanitarian settings has been shown to increase handwashing by over 30%'.",
"The ANSWER directly quotes this statement from the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional information or contradiction in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,991 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the symptoms people might experience with COVID-19.",
"The DOCUMENT provides a detailed list of symptoms associated with COVID-19, including fever, cough, difficulty breathing, sore throat, nasal congestion, malaise, myalgia, headache, and severe cases presenting with sepsis and shock.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'patients with underlying medical conditions and the elderly,' which does not address the symptoms of COVID-19 but rather identifies groups more likely to become severely ill.",
"The ANSWER does not directly respond to the QUESTION about symptoms and instead provides information about the demographics at higher risk for severe illness, which is not the same as listing symptoms."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | PASS | 1,972 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT clearly states that on June 11, 2009, the World Health Organization raised its pandemic alert level to the highest level, phase 6.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'phase 5', which contradicts the information in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT as it does not reflect the correct highest alert level given by the World Health Organization."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,742 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that bnAbs protect against infection across a single viral isolate.",
"The DOCUMENT clearly mentions that bnAbs protect against infection across diverse viral isolates, not just a single one.",
"This discrepancy means the provided answer is not faithful to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 151 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly mentions that 'intractable structural challenges such as overcrowding limit the implementation of both quarantine of those exposed and isolation of those who are ill.'",
"The ANSWER directly quotes this part of the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any information.",
"The ANSWER is faithful to the content provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,986 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that a deterministic model cannot reliably represent effects originating from stochasticity, from effects in small populations, or from heterogeneities.",
"The DOCUMENT explicitly mentions that a deterministic model like InfluSim cannot reliably represent effects originating from stochasticity, from effects in small populations, or from heterogeneities.",
"The answer does not introduce any new information beyond what is provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The answer does not contradict any information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 372 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the R0 of SARS was about 2.1 in Hong Kong, China, 2.7 in Singapore, and 3.8 in Beijing, China.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms these values: 'Another research found that the R0 of SARS was about 2.1 in Hong Kong, China, 2.7 in Singapore, and 3.8 in Beijing, China.'",
"The answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,497 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The ANSWER states that 199 symptomatic cases have been diagnosed on board as of 24 February, which is consistent with the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER mentions additional asymptomatic infections and symptomatic cases after disembarkation, which is also consistent with the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly states that the peak time of infection was from 5 to 7 February 2020.",
"The DOCUMENT clearly states that the peak time of infection was from 2 to 4 February 2020."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,510 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that overcrowding limits the implementation of both quarantine of those exposed and isolation of those who are ill.",
"The ANSWER states that overcrowding limits the implementation of both vaccination of those exposed and isolation of those who are ill.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention vaccination in the context of overcrowding as an intractable structural challenge.",
"The ANSWER introduces the concept of vaccination, which is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,986 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'The mean time from onset to ICU admission was 9.6 days (range, 8 to 11 days)'.",
"The ANSWER provided is '8.6 days'.",
"The ANSWER does not match the mean time of 9.6 days mentioned in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT as it provides an incorrect mean time."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 394 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the tool developed to identify several viruses simultaneously.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that 'multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)' has been developed to identify several viruses simultaneously.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)', which directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 597 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the second COVID-19 case in the US was reported by Chicago health authorities on January 24, 2020.",
"The ANSWER provided is January 25, 2020.",
"The ANSWER does not match the date provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,966 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the major distinction between SARSr-CoV and SARS-CoV is in orf3b, Spike, and orf8.",
"It further specifies that the variability is especially notable in Spike S1 and orf8, which are recombination hot spots.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies orf3b, Spike, and orf8 as the major distinctions, with particular emphasis on Spike S1 and orf8."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,936 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions 'zanamivir' as an improved, useful, and helpful anti-viral drug, but the ANSWER incorrectly states 'oseltamivir'.",
"The DOCUMENT does mention effective, convenient anti-cold medicines like Tylenol or Advil, which is correctly reflected in the ANSWER.",
"The ANSWER introduces 'oseltamivir', which is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT, thus providing new information beyond the context provided."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 2,006 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the mouse-adapted SARS virus (MA15) was generated by serial passage of an infectious wildtype SARS CoV clone in the respiratory tract of BALB/c mice.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that the MA15 was generated by serial passage of an infectious wildtype SARS CoV clone in the respiratory tract of BALB/c mice.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 622 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the decline in the population of Ae. aegypti due to massive dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane usage resulted in an ecological pressure favoring the replacement of alanine at position 226 with valine (E1-A226V).",
"The DOCUMENT confirms this information, stating that the decline in Ae. aegypti population due to massive dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane usage and the dearth of Ae. albopictus species resulted in ecological pressure favoring the E1-A226V mutation.",
"The answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,234 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the patient presented with rapidly progressive right-hand weakness 1 month after discharge, specifically on day 30 (D30).",
"The ANSWER states '2 months later,' which is not consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The correct timeframe according to the DOCUMENT is 1 month later, not 2 months."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 205 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the WHO criteria for a pertussis infection is 'a minimum of 3 weeks of cough, whoop, or posttussive vomiting.'",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that 'Only 3 of the 17 cases fulfilled the WHO criteria, which requires a minimum of 2 weeks of cough, whoop, or posttussive vomiting.'",
"The provided answer incorrectly states '3 weeks' instead of '2 weeks' as mentioned in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 284 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that norovirus is responsible for around 60% of all sporadic diarrhea cases.",
"The ANSWER states that norovirus causes 50% of sporadic diarrhea cases.",
"The percentage provided in the ANSWER (50%) does not match the percentage provided in the DOCUMENT (60%)."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 816 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Decades of basic immunology research have provided a near-complete picture of the main armaments in the human antiviral arsenal.'",
"The ANSWER states 'a partial picture of the main armaments in the human antiviral arsenal.'",
"The term 'near-complete' used in the DOCUMENT suggests a more comprehensive understanding than 'partial' used in the ANSWER.",
"Therefore, the ANSWER downplays the extent of the understanding provided by decades of basic immunology research as described in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,841 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'All patients had HAdV-55 viremia.'",
"The DOCUMENT also mentions that 'In four of the five patients, it was first detected in endotracheal aspirate (ETA) samples.'",
"The ANSWER correctly states that all patients had HAdV-55 viremia.",
"However, the ANSWER incorrectly states that 'In three of the five patients, it was first detected in endotracheal aspirate (ETA) samples,' while the DOCUMENT specifies that it was four patients."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 399 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 was higher than MERS in the Middle East countries, similar to SARS, but lower than MERS in the Republic of Korea.",
"The DOCUMENT's conclusion section explicitly mentions that the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 might be higher than MERS in the Middle East countries, similar to SARS, but lower than MERS in the Republic of Korea.",
"The provided answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,482 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly states that 'Military barracks and prisons located in the cluster were excluded.'",
"There is no mention in the DOCUMENT of hospitals being excluded from the study.",
"The ANSWER includes 'hospitals' as an excluded group, which is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 60 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that for the prediction of protein secondary structure, initial amino acid sequences were input and analyzed using neural networking and its own algorithm.",
"The ANSWER correctly reflects this information by stating that initial amino acid sequences were input and analyzed using neural networking and its own algorithm.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,932 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions a rumour that SARS-CoV-2 was artificially made by humans in the lab and highlights a specific claim that SARS-CoV-2 has HIV sequence in it.",
"The DOCUMENT states that this claim was made in a manuscript submitted to BioRxiv, which suggested that SARS-CoV-2 was likely generated in the laboratory due to the presence of HIV sequences.",
"The DOCUMENT also provides a rebuttal to this claim, explaining that bioinformatics analyses showed the original claim of multiple HIV insertions into SARS-CoV-2 was not HIV-1 specific but random.",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects the specific claim mentioned in the DOCUMENT that SARS-CoV-2 has HIV sequence in it and was thus likely generated in the laboratory."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 632 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the S2 subunit of 2019-nCoV is highly conserved and shares 99% identity with those of the two bat SARS-like CoVs (SL-CoV ZXC21 and ZC45) and human SARS-CoV.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms that the S2 subunit of 2019-nCoV is highly conserved and shares 99% identity with those of the two bat SARS-like CoVs (SL-CoV ZXC21 and ZC45) and human SARS-CoV.",
"The provided answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,938 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for conditions considered lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs).",
"The DOCUMENT specifies that LRTIs include bronchitis, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis.",
"The ANSWER lists bronchitis, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis as conditions considered LRTIs.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 175 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'The mean time from onset to ICU admission was 9.6 days (range, 8 to 11 days)'.",
"The ANSWER provided is '9.6 days'.",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional information or contradiction in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 394 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the percentage of samples in which respiratory viral pathogens were present.",
"The DOCUMENT states that respiratory viruses were detected in 169 out of 222 samples, which is 76.1%.",
"The ANSWER provided is 75.1, which does not match the 76.1% figure given in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 604 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The ANSWER states that by the end of 2015, Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccination had been introduced in 73 countries, with global coverage estimated at 68%.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms this information: 'By the end of 2015, Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccination had been introduced in 73 countries, with global coverage estimated at 68%'.",
"The ANSWER mentions that in the Americas, coverage is estimated at 90%, while in the Western Pacific it is only 25%.",
"The DOCUMENT supports this: 'However, inequities are still apparent among regions: in the Americas coverage is estimated at 90%, while in the Western Pacific it is only 25%'.",
"The ANSWER states that by 2015, pneumococcal conjugate vaccination had been introduced into 54 countries, with global coverage of 35% for three doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination for infant populations.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms this: 'By 2015, pneumococcal conjugate vaccination had been introduced into 54 countries, with global coverage of 35% for three doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination for infant populations'.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 128 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that both CQ and HCQ are weak bases that elevate the pH of acidic intracellular organelles such as endosomes/lysosomes.",
"The ANSWER correctly mentions that CQ and HCQ are weak bases that elevate the pH of acidic intracellular organelles.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 456 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT mentions that coronaviruses can infect the human gastrointestinal tract.",
"The DOCUMENT states that faecal-oral transmission might play a role in the infection of the gastrointestinal tract.",
"The ANSWER 'faecal-oral transmission' is directly supported by the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,544 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that neuraminidase (NA) is needed to cleave the α-ketosidic linkage between terminal sialic acid and an adjacent sugar residue.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies the function of neuraminidase as cleaving the α-ketosidic linkage between terminal sialic acid and an adjacent sugar residue.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 331 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1 usually cause self-limiting upper respiratory infections in immunocompetent hosts.",
"The DOCUMENT also mentions that these viruses occasionally cause lower respiratory tract infections in immunocompromised hosts and the elderly.",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects this information without adding or contradicting any details from the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,923 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that compared with Tokachi09, the Irish ECoVs had a 148-nucleotide insertion.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies this specific difference between the Tokachi09 and Irish coronavirus genomic sequences.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 275 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks which strains do not have such deletions.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'Unlike 2019-nCoV and human SARS-CoV, most known bat SARSr-CoVs have two stretches of deletions in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) when compared with that of human SARS-CoV. But some Yunnan strains such as the WIV1 had no such deletions and can use human ACE2 as a cellular entry receptor.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'Yunnan strains such as the WIV1'.",
"This ANSWER is directly supported by the DOCUMENT, which explicitly mentions that WIV1 does not have the deletions in question."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,945 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the S1 subunit of 2019-nCoV shares around 70% identity with that of the two bat SARS-like CoVs and human SARS-CoV.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms this by stating: 'Though the S1 subunit of 2019-nCoV shares around 70% identity to that of the two bat SARS-like CoVs and human SARS-CoV (Figure 3(A))'.",
"The answer also mentions that the core domain of RBD (excluding the external subdomain) is highly conserved.",
"The DOCUMENT supports this by stating: 'the core domain of RBD (excluding the external subdomain) are highly conserved (Figure 3(B))'.",
"The answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,940 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'In addition to a higher incidence of pneumonia, the case fatality rate is estimated to be almost 10-fold higher in low-and middle-income countries as compared to high-income countries.'",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects this information without adding new information or contradicting the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 111 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT specifically mentions that membrane proteins are very difficult to crystallize and most of them will not dissolve in normal solvents.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention nuclear proteins as being difficult to crystallize.",
"The ANSWER 'nuclear proteins' is not supported by the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 308 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the enterovirus polyprotein can be divided into one structural (P1-capsid) and two nonstructural (P2 and P3) regions.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies these regions as one structural (P1-capsid) and two nonstructural (P2 and P3) regions.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 299 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'CABG patients under the age of 18 years or over 85 years were excluded in this study.'",
"The ANSWER states that 'CABG patients under the age of 18 years or over 80 years' were excluded.",
"There is a discrepancy in the upper age limit for exclusion between the DOCUMENT (85 years) and the ANSWER (80 years)."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 371 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for conditions considered lower respiratory tract infections.",
"The DOCUMENT specifies that lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) include bronchitis, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis.",
"The ANSWER lists bronchitis, pneumonia, and pleurisy as LRTIs.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention pleurisy as an LRTI but does include bronchiolitis.",
"Therefore, the ANSWER is not fully faithful to the DOCUMENT as it includes pleurisy and omits bronchiolitis."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 175 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Respiratory infections cluster during winter and early spring months.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'during winter and early spring months.'",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 270 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the HMPV genome is approximately 13 kb and comprises eight open reading frames (ORFs).",
"The specific ORFs mentioned are nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), fusion glycoprotein (F), transcription enhancer protein (M2), small hydrophobic protein (SH), attachment glycoprotein (G), and large polymerase protein (L).",
"The ANSWER provided is 'eight', which directly corresponds to the number of ORFs mentioned in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 220 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT lists the viruses for which serology testing was performed: herpes simplex virus (HSV) I-II, varicella zoster virus (VZV), West Nile virus, coxsackievirus, echovirus (subgroup of enterovirus), and corona virus.",
"The ANSWER correctly includes herpes simplex virus (HSV) I-II, varicella zoster virus (VZV), West Nile virus, coxsackievirus, and echovirus.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly includes influenza virus, which is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER omits corona virus, which is mentioned in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 253 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the definition of R0.",
"The DOCUMENT provides a detailed explanation of R0, stating it is the basic reproduction number of 2019-nCoV.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions that R0 was estimated at 2.56 (95% CI: 2.49-2.63).",
"The ANSWER provided is 'reproduction rate'.",
"The term 'reproduction rate' is a simplified version of 'basic reproduction number' but does not fully capture the specific meaning of R0 as defined in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,898 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT clearly states that COVID-19 surveillance was implemented in the WHO European Region on 27 January 2020.",
"The ANSWER provided states the date as 28 January 2020.",
"The ANSWER contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT by stating a different date."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,757 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that the marmoset is an appropriate animal model for autoimmune-related pathogens.",
"The DOCUMENT primarily discusses the use of marmosets as models for infectious diseases, not autoimmune-related pathogens.",
"The conclusion in the DOCUMENT emphasizes the marmoset's immune response to infectious diseases and its utility in studying infectious disease models.",
"There is no mention in the DOCUMENT's conclusion about the marmoset being an appropriate model specifically for autoimmune-related pathogens."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 351 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Control measures and changes in population behaviour later in January should have reduced the effective reproductive number.'",
"The ANSWER mentions 'Control measures and changes in government policies,' which is not entirely accurate.",
"The DOCUMENT does not specifically mention 'changes in government policies' as a factor; it mentions 'changes in population behaviour.'",
"The ANSWER introduces 'government policies,' which is not explicitly supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,537 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'SARS-CoV infected about 8000 people, and resulted in the deaths of approximately 10% of those infected.'",
"The ANSWER provided is '8000'.",
"The ANSWER is directly supported by the information in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict any information in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not offer any new information beyond what is provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 905 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided ANSWER suggests that it would be interesting to repeat the study every 3 or 5 years and add clinical data to monitor the evolution of respiratory pathogens in Réunion Island over time.",
"The DOCUMENT explicitly mentions in the conclusion that it would be interesting to repeat the study every 3 or 5 years adding clinical data to monitor the evolution of respiratory pathogens in Réunion Island over time.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information beyond what is provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not contradict any information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 611 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks how many viruses resolve a specific issue.",
"The DOCUMENT states that many viruses attempt to resolve this by manipulating multifunctional or multitasking host cell proteins (MMHPs), thereby maximizing host subversion and viral infectivity at minimal informational cost.",
"The ANSWER provided is: 'by manipulating multifunctional or multitasking host cell proteins (MMHPs), thereby maximising host subversion and viral infectivity at minimal informational cost.'",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding new information or contradicting it."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,814 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that Ae. albopictus has become the new preferred and more lethal vector for CHIKV.",
"The specific line from the DOCUMENT is: 'Ae. albopictus has become the new preferred and more lethal vector for CHIKV.'",
"The ANSWER 'Ae. albopictus' directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,241 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the distance between the p4.7 and p12.7 genes in the Irish versus Japanese equine coronavirus variants.",
"The DOCUMENT states that the length of the region from the p4.7 to p12.7 genes in the two Irish viruses was 544 base pairs.",
"The DOCUMENT does not provide a direct comparison of the distance between the p4.7 and p12.7 genes in the Irish and Japanese variants.",
"The ANSWER '544 base pairs' only refers to the Irish variants and does not address the comparison with the Japanese variants."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | PASS | 274 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the places linked to the cases.",
"The DOCUMENT states that 14 cases were linked to a cluster in Bavaria, Germany, and seven to a cluster in Haute-Savoie, France.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that 14 were linked to a cluster in Bavaria, Germany, and seven to a cluster in Haute-Savoie, France.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,774 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT clearly states that MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) is a type of betacoronavirus.",
"The term 'flavivirus' is not mentioned anywhere in the DOCUMENT.",
"Flaviviruses are a different family of viruses, which includes viruses like dengue, Zika, and West Nile virus, and are not related to coronaviruses."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 903 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that NTCP is a transmembrane protein located in the lateral surface (canalicular) of hepatocytes.",
"It specifically mentions that NTCP mediates bile acid transport.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'bile acid transport'.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 38 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the year of the first SARS epidemic.",
"The DOCUMENT mentions the 'SARS epidemic of 2002/3,' indicating that the first SARS epidemic occurred around 2002-2003.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'rapid and transparent sharing of information between countries and agencies,' which does not address the QUESTION about the year of the first SARS epidemic.",
"The ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT as it does not provide the correct information related to the QUESTION."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | PASS | 767 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the basic reproductive number (R0) was estimated to be around 2.2 in the earliest phase of the outbreak.",
"The ANSWER provided is 2.5, which does not match the estimate given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no mention in the DOCUMENT of an R0 estimate of 2.5."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,534 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the ILI samples which test negative for influenza.",
"The DOCUMENT states that 'ILI samples tested negative for influenza are of unknown etiology.'",
"The ANSWER provided is 'are of known etiology.'",
"The ANSWER contradicts the DOCUMENT, which clearly states that the etiology of ILI samples tested negative for influenza is unknown."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 596 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the number of biomedical research publications targeting 'translational' concepts has increased exponentially.",
"It specifies that this increase is up 1800% between 2003 and 2014.",
"The ANSWER states 'exponentially, up 1800%', which is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,810 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that echoviruses were found to be associated with respiratory illness, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and aseptic meningitis.",
"The ANSWER lists respiratory illness, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and aseptic meningitis as diseases associated with echoviruses.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 293 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT explicitly states that the study excludes cases reported in the United Kingdom (UK).",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies the United Kingdom (UK) as the country excluded from the study.",
"There is no contradiction between the ANSWER and the DOCUMENT.",
"The ANSWER does not offer new information beyond the context provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,765 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that 'Diplomacy bridging long-standing mistrust of public health and biomedical interventions and facilitating engagement with contentious actors is a necessary component of effective health governance in complex crisis settings.'",
"The ANSWER changes 'contentious actors' to 'non-contentious actors'.",
"This change contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 2,002 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that understanding the infection-severity is critical to help plan for the impact on the healthcare system and the wider population.",
"The DOCUMENT explicitly mentions that understanding the infection-severity is critical to help plan for the impact on the healthcare system and the wider population.",
"The provided answer does not introduce any new information beyond what is stated in the DOCUMENT.",
"The provided answer does not contradict any information in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,802 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that PEDV destroys the lining of piglets' intestines, not their stomachs.",
"The ANSWER incorrectly mentions 'stomachs' instead of 'intestines'.",
"This discrepancy means the ANSWER is not faithful to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 374 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what the CRISPR/Cas antiviral immune system of prokaryotes has been repurposed as.",
"The DOCUMENT states: 'One case in point is the CRISPR/Cas antiviral immune system of prokaryotes, which is now repurposed as a revolutionary gene-editing biotechnology in plants and animals.'",
"The ANSWER provided is: 'as a revolutionary gene-editing biotechnology in plants and animals.'",
"The ANSWER directly matches the information provided in the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any details."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,843 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about the timeline of the type I interferon (IFN) response in SARS-CoV infection.",
"The DOCUMENT states that in a mouse model of SARS-CoV infection, the type I IFN response is delayed.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that in a mouse model of SARS-CoV infection, the type I IFN response is delayed.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 918 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen listed by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) as a Category C Priority Pathogen that causes Chikungunya fever (CHIKF).",
"The DOCUMENT confirms that CHIKV is a mosquito-borne pathogen and is listed by NIAID as a Category C Priority Pathogen.",
"The DOCUMENT also confirms that CHIKV causes Chikungunya fever (CHIKF).",
"The provided answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,200 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that early predictions for the incubation time of COVID-19 are between 2 and 14 days.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'between 3 and 14 days'.",
"The ANSWER does not match the DOCUMENT exactly, as it omits the lower bound of 2 days and instead starts from 3 days.",
"This discrepancy means the ANSWER is not fully faithful to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,974 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the components of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT).",
"The DOCUMENT states that GALT includes Peyer's patches (PPs), isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and cells scattered throughout the subepithelial lamina propria (LP) of the small intestine and colon.",
"The ANSWER lists Peyer's patches (PPs), isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and cells scattered throughout the subepithelial lamina propria (LP) of the small intestine and colon.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 760 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks about what evolutionary analyses show.",
"The DOCUMENT states that evolutionary analyses have shown that bats and rodents are the gene sources of most αCoVs and βCoVs, while avian species are the gene sources of most δCoVs and γCoVs.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that bats and rodents are the gene sources of most αCoVs and βCoVs, while avian species are the gene sources of most δCoVs and γCoVs.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,919 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what is directly related to nuclear condensation.",
"The DOCUMENT states that nuclear condensation is directly related to apoptotic chromatin changes.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'apoptotic chromatin changes'.",
"The ANSWER is directly supported by the DOCUMENT and does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 426 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that bat SARSr-CoVs have two stretches of deletions in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) when compared with human SARS-CoV.",
"The DOCUMENT confirms this information: 'Unlike 2019-nCoV and human SARS-CoV, most known bat SARSr-CoVs have two stretches of deletions in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) when compared with that of human SARS-CoV.'",
"The answer does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,944 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The provided answer states that 'glycyrrhizin might also serve as lead structure for the development of novel anti-influenza drugs.'",
"The DOCUMENT does mention that glycyrrhizin might serve as a lead structure for the development of novel anti-influenza drugs in the context of its potential benefits and previous findings related to SARS coronavirus.",
"The conclusion of the study in the DOCUMENT includes the potential of glycyrrhizin to interfere with H5N1 replication and pro-inflammatory gene expression, and its possible role in anti-influenza treatment strategies.",
"The provided answer does not contradict the DOCUMENT and does not introduce new information beyond what is stated in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 387 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that illnesses caused by respiratory viruses include common colds, pharyngitis, croup, bronchiolitis, viral pneumonia, and otitis media.",
"The ANSWER lists common colds, pharyngitis, croup, bronchiolitis, viral pneumonia, and otitis media.",
"The ANSWER does not introduce any new information or contradict the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 269 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that in the blood detection cohort, 6 out of 57 patients had detectable viral RNA in the blood, and all of these 6 patients progressed to severe symptoms.",
"The DOCUMENT also mentions that among the remaining 51 patients without detectable virus in the blood, only 12 (23.5%) had severe symptoms.",
"The ANSWER accurately reflects these statistics from the DOCUMENT without adding or contradicting any information."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,468 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states: 'The spotting concentration of the capture antibodies varied from 0.2 to 0.0125 mg/ml (each was serially diluted 2-fold).' This indicates that the range of concentrations tested for the capture antibodies was indeed from 0.2 mg/ml to 0.0125 mg/ml.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'from 0.2 to 0.0125 mg/ml', which directly matches the information given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no additional information or contradiction in the ANSWER compared to the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 48 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that for severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV), infectivity peaked at around 10 days after illness onset, consistent with the peak in viral load at around that time.",
"The QUESTION asks about the peak infectivity of SARS-CoV, not 2019-nCoV.",
"The ANSWER correctly states that the infectivity of SARS-CoV peaks 10 days after illness onset, which is consistent with the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 1,532 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that middle- and high-income countries use an acellular pertussis vaccine for the primary vaccination series.",
"The ANSWER 'acellular' directly corresponds to the type of pertussis vaccine mentioned in the DOCUMENT for middle- and high-income countries.",
"There is no contradiction or additional information in the ANSWER that is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 278 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that SARS-CoV infected about 8000 people and resulted in the deaths of approximately 10% of those infected.",
"The ANSWER states that 15% of people infected with SARS-CoV died.",
"The percentage given in the ANSWER (15%) does not match the percentage given in the DOCUMENT (10%).",
"Therefore, the ANSWER contradicts the information provided in the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 907 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the estimated prevalence of all TB cases in China in 2010 was 108 per 100,000.",
"The ANSWER provided is 118 per 100,000, which does not match the figure given in the DOCUMENT.",
"There is no mention of 118 per 100,000 in the DOCUMENT, making the ANSWER incorrect."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 52 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the cumulative incidence among passengers with and without close contact were 102 and 47 cases, respectively, as of 24 February 2020.",
"The ANSWER states the numbers as 102 and 57 cases, respectively.",
"The number for passengers without close contact in the ANSWER (57) does not match the number provided in the DOCUMENT (47)."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,507 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT discusses the immunomodulatory properties of Eupatorium adenophorum polysaccharide (EAP) and its effects on cytokine production.",
"Specifically, the DOCUMENT mentions that EAP treatment significantly increased the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ both in vivo and in vitro.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention IL-8 or IL-12 in the context of EAP treatment.",
"The ANSWER states that polysaccharides in plants enhance the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12.",
"The inclusion of IL-8 and IL-12 in the ANSWER is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | PASS | 138 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the Ebola epidemic in West Africa spread to 'neighbouring sub-Saharan countries, North America, and Europe.'",
"The ANSWER claims that the epidemic spread to 'neighbouring sub-Saharan countries, North America, and Asia.'",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention Asia as a region where the Ebola epidemic spread.",
"The DOCUMENT specifically mentions Europe, which is omitted in the ANSWER."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,476 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that NTCP is usually located in the lateral surface (canalicular) of hepatocytes.",
"The ANSWER states that NTCP is located on the apical surface (canalicular) of hepatocytes.",
"The term 'apical' is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT, which specifically uses 'lateral surface'.",
"The ANSWER introduces a term ('apical') that is not supported by the DOCUMENT."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 37 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks what is critical to the development of a protective granuloma in tuberculosis infections.",
"The DOCUMENT states that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is pivotal in the development of protective granulomas.",
"The ANSWER provided is 'interleukin-6', which is not mentioned in the DOCUMENT as being critical to granuloma formation.",
"The DOCUMENT does mention interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the context of cytokine production but does not link it specifically to the development of protective granulomas."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 1,025 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The QUESTION asks for the prevalence rate in Shandong in 2010 for sputum positive cases of tuberculosis.",
"The DOCUMENT provides the adjusted prevalence rate for sputum positive cases in Shandong in 2010 as 21.4 per 100,000 (95% CI: 10.0-32.8).",
"The ANSWER given is 21.1, which does not match the adjusted prevalence rate provided in the DOCUMENT.",
"The DOCUMENT does not mention a prevalence rate of 21.1 for sputum positive cases."
],
"SCORE": "FAIL"
} | FAIL | 66 |
{
"REASONING": [
"The DOCUMENT states that the HBV envelope protein, specifically the surface antigens, play an essential role in the infection process.",
"It identifies a domain in the Nterminus of HBV preS1 (amino acids 1-47) as necessary for infection.",
"This domain functions as a direct mediator for HBV by binding to cellular receptors.",
"The ANSWER correctly identifies the Nterminus of HBV preS1 (amino acids 1-47) as the necessary protein domain for infection."
],
"SCORE": "PASS"
} | PASS | 36 |
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