<p>They don't.  The blockchain is by definition a chain of mined blocks.  If nobody mines the next block, then the blockchain cannot grow, and no further transactions can be included in it.  Transactions will cease to be confirmed until somebody does mine another block.</p>

<p>Transactions can still be relayed over the peer-to-peer network, and nodes will verify their signatures and store them in their mempools, but there will be no real protection against double spending.  Someone might create two or more transactions which conflict; some nodes may store one and others may store the other.  No consensus will necessarily arise as to which one should be accepted as the "right" one.</p>

<p>If this state of affairs becomes permanent then the currency is effectively dead.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-10-29T11:34:04.217Z
"there will be no real protection against double spending" - in this situation there is no need to protect against double spending as there is no spending happening at all :D (if I understand correctly)
croraf
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-10-29T01:01:28.250Z
2017-10-29T01:01:28.250Z
Nate Eldredge
<p>I understand that miners are never gonna stop mining given the transaction fee reward for each block. But just in case of an event when nobody is able/willing to mine the next block in the blockchain, <em>what happens to the new transactions</em>, how are they supposed to get published? And also, <em>how is it going to effect the</em> <strong>blockchain consensus</strong>?</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-10-30T06:01:11.033Z
Another not-so-apparent to mine is to spend coinbase coins which have a maturity period of 100 blocks. If miners stop to mine, they not only lose opportunity cost of not mining next block, but also lose previous 100 blocks of reward.
sanket1729
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-10-30T13:05:26.883Z
@sanket1729 okay, so basically a miner of a block has to have 100 confirmations before they get rewarded
siddharth
<blockchain><mining-theory><consensus>
In an event when nobody mines the next block in the blockchain, how are the transactions supposed to get published into the blockchain?
siddharth
# In an event when nobody mines the next block in the blockchain, how are the transactions supposed to get published into the blockchain?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2017-10-29)

I understand that miners are never gonna stop mining given the transaction fee reward for each block. But just in case of an event when nobody is able/willing to mine the next block in the blockchain, *what happens to the new transactions*, how are they supposed to get published? And also, *how is it going to effect the* **blockchain consensus**?

**Tags:** blockchain, mining-theory, consensus

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: Another not-so-apparent to mine is to spend coinbase coins which have a maturity period of 100 blocks. If miners stop to mine, they not only lose opportunity cost of not mining next block, but also lose previous 100 blocks of reward.  
> **username_0**: @username_1 okay, so basically a miner of a block has to have 100 confirmations before they get rewarded  

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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_2 on 2017-10-29. Score: 3 | Accepted answer

They don't. The blockchain is by definition a chain of mined blocks. If nobody mines the next block, then the blockchain cannot grow, and no further transactions can be included in it. Transactions will cease to be confirmed until somebody does mine another block.

Transactions can still be relayed over the peer-to-peer network, and nodes will verify their signatures and store them in their mempools, but there will be no real protection against double spending. Someone might create two or more transactions which conflict; some nodes may store one and others may store the other. No consensus will necessarily arise as to which one should be accepted as the "right" one.

If this state of affairs becomes permanent then the currency is effectively dead.

> **Comments:**
> **username_3**: "there will be no real protection against double spending" - in this situation there is no need to protect against double spending as there is no spending happening at all :D (if I understand correctly)  

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