<p>Every Bitcoin block is required to have a coinbase transaction, regardless of fees or subsidy.</p>
<p>Additionally, every transaction (including the coinbase), must have at least one output (possibly 0-valued), and at least one input (in the case of a coinbase, this isn't actually spending any actual UTXO, though).</p>
<p>In a block with 0 fees and 0 subsidy, this implies a coinbase transaction with only 0-value outputs.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2022-02-01T22:58:35.500Z
2022-02-02T16:38:23.747Z
2022-02-02T16:38:23.747Z
Pieter Wuille
<p>If a block:</p>
<ul>
<li>Is after the last halving, so there is no subsidy</li>
<li>Includes no non-coinbase transactions, so there are no fees</li>
</ul>
<p>Must it include a coinbase transaction? If so, will it simply have no outputs?</p>

<coinbase-transaction><reward-schedule>
Will a post-subsidy block with no transactions include a coinbase transaction?
Casey Rodarmor
# Will a post-subsidy block with no transactions include a coinbase transaction?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2022-02-01)

If a block:

* Is after the last halving, so there is no subsidy
* Includes no non-coinbase transactions, so there are no fees

Must it include a coinbase transaction? If so, will it simply have no outputs?

**Tags:** coinbase-transaction, reward-schedule


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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2022-02-01. Score: 9 | Accepted answer

Every Bitcoin block is required to have a coinbase transaction, regardless of fees or subsidy.

Additionally, every transaction (including the coinbase), must have at least one output (possibly 0-valued), and at least one input (in the case of a coinbase, this isn't actually spending any actual UTXO, though).

In a block with 0 fees and 0 subsidy, this implies a coinbase transaction with only 0-value outputs.


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