Answers.Body: <p>Technical reason's why I think this video is both not sped up but looks unnatural.</p>
  
  <p>Using the camera crane tracking shots as a time consent, I am pretty certain the video was not sped when the music tempo stepped up as the camera crane tracking shots that follow this appear to be consistent with the earlier shots. So for my eyes, I do not see a sped up video.</p>
  
  <p>The key thing I think that is going on here is that this was shot in a studio with studio lighting. Even with bright studio lights the stage area is large enough to demand the iris to be stopped down to get the most depth of field but the trade off is a slower shutter speed. When the music tempo picks up the close ups of the hands playing the lead guitar appear to be more slurred which looks unnatural. The longer shutter time explains why there is this slurring or blurring.</p>
  
  <p>Another element to consider in favor of the video not having been sped up: this looks like a live show, in other words, there was no post production, everything was done live as for broadcast. You can't speed up video in real time and match it with the sound unless maybe you have a whole chain of effects and delay lines which does not seem practical for this.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-28T01:59:43.853Z
Answers.Text: I would like to mark this question as answered, or give some thumbs up out, but your answer still strays from my technical answer request.  Again, I do not want answers based on visual alone.  If I handed this video to the FBI and asked them to prove it was sped up in a court of law, how would they prove or disprove it?  They would need some kind of technical proof to do so, and conversations about how it looks or about how its blurry or unnatural do not provide anything really meaningful.  I was looking more for something along the lines of analyzing frames, but I suppose there is no answer.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Vigrond
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-28T13:49:28.630Z
Answers.Text: @Vigrond No, there isn't.. :(
Answers.UserDisplayName: Friend of Kim
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-28T19:05:41.580Z
Answers.Text: What you are looking for is perhaps beyond the expertise of this group, Forensic video analysis is not something I would expect to get a solid answer on in this forum. However, you never know, maybe one of the CIA or FBI Forensic Video experts hangs out here? It never hurts to ask. Conclusion: understanding time constants, depth of field, slow shutter speed, and the possibility that this was a live broadcast are not technical enough to satisfy your answer.
Answers.UserDisplayName: filzilla
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-28T01:03:11.303Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2012-02-28T01:03:11.303Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: filzilla
Answers.Body: <p>Slowing down a video is a magic thing, but isn't cinema magical? </p>
  
  <ol>
  <li>What we are dealing with?</li>
  </ol>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>Video/cinema is a big lie. All we have there are photos, called frames.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <ol>
  <li>What we are looking for?</li>
  </ol>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>To "slowdown" a "video", you need more frames per second. Since they
    cannot be recorded again with a higher speed cam, the only way is to
    create intermediate frames, just repeating, or blending frames.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>You should look for this(repeated or mixed frames), as a prove of the "slowdown" process, made by a computer. If you made the "slowdown" in the cam (shooting more frames per second) the process is smooth, and no prove can be extracted. Sure you should download the video to your computer to do this kind of observation.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-04-02T09:46:38.353Z
Answers.Text: Decent slow-motion algorithms will use more clever interpolation than just blending between pictures, so even when the video is slowed down to 1/4 its original speed there are no repeated or "mixed" frames. — Anyway, the question was about _sped up_, not slowed down.
Answers.UserDisplayName: leftaroundabout
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-04-02T23:10:49.577Z
Answers.Text: lol. You right. My mistake. So, no prove at all. Sped up just steal frames, how u gonna look for this?
Answers.UserDisplayName: H_7
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-04-02T01:31:44.447Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2012-04-02T01:31:44.447Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: H_7
Answers.Body: <p>There is unfortunally (or maybe fortunally) no way to see if it is slowed down or sped up if done properly. What you have to look for is their movements. I'm not a guitar player, so I can't tell if it is real, but I think it sounded and looked real.</p>
  
  <p>If you study the people there you can see that they move pretty natural. You can see on several occations that they blink in normal speed, but you also see that the main guitar player looks from place to place pretty rapidly. But from
   my experience with the piano you do everything a little bit faster when you play fast. Because you need to look at what you do, and when you are working hard with your brain and "slowing" everything down to keep up the pace you do things fast. The left hand finger movement also looked pretty natural. If it was sped down it would probably have been unnaturally fast and awquard movements.</p>
  
  <p>Everything looked like it goes in normal speed, even their foots. Normally you have a constant speed on your foot when you tramp the beat. Depending on how slow you play you just increase the time you have your foot flat on the ground. Their foots didn't look like they went up and down too fast. If they had sped it up they would probably have had a small brake holding their foots flat on the ground before tramping the beat again really fast.</p>
  
  <p>Secondly I don't see why a spanish TV programme would slow down their footage or why a good guitarist wouldn't be able to play that.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T22:06:07.247Z
Answers.Text: See my comments above, this is precisely the type of answer I would like to avoid.  Technical answers only please.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Vigrond
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T22:34:29.560Z
Answers.Text: Yes, I answered that, but I also wanted to help you out. :) "There is unfortunally (or maybe fortunally) no way to see if it is slowed down or sped up if done properly. What you have to look for is their movements. "
Answers.UserDisplayName: Friend of Kim
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T23:12:47.100Z
Answers.Text: is there a particular reason *why* it is not possible 'if done properly'?
Answers.UserDisplayName: Vigrond
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T23:44:51.990Z
Answers.Text: FYI: I am a guitarist, and the hand movements look spot on.
Answers.UserDisplayName: filzilla
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-25T08:21:19.140Z
Answers.Text: Yupp, so if you play the guitar and you too think it looked natural I think it's not sped up. The reason is that if you speed a video up you can use good programs or cheap programs. If you use AE you could for example use KRONOS to slow things down a lot, and it still looks real. If you use the right software and don't overdo it you can't detect it. Just an awkward example: Go through the alphabet. Note down the letters you can't say without moving your mouth. A ventriloquist changes these letters to letters you don't have to move your mouth to say. Example: F - Fabulous. If you thay Th
Answers.UserDisplayName: Friend of Kim
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-25T08:24:24.003Z
Answers.Text: instead you say Thabulous. If you manage to say that naturally noone will ever notice that you really don't say Fabulous. Just listen to a ventriloquist on Youtube. You can't hear it even when you know their secret! If they are good at it, you can't notice. It's almost the same with video. The computer calculates how the video would have been like if it had been filmed in twice or half the speed. If you overdo it or the software isn't good enough, it will be noticable. If you keep it more suddle and use a good program, then it will be unnoticable.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Friend of Kim
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-25T17:38:16.653Z
Answers.Text: What exactly is your point now? Of course a good guitarist would be able to do it in this tempo (the original version is rather more energetic, but of course that's Paco himself!). It seems highly unlikely to me that they _planned_ to speed this up, but maybe they found out it was slower than intended when they listened to the record but didn't want to record it all over again, and therefore decided to give it just a little extra-push – as you say yourself, a [subtle](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subtle#Adjective) modification with a good program may well stay unnoticable.
Answers.UserDisplayName: leftaroundabout
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-25T17:47:32.617Z
Answers.Text: @leftaroundabout I mean that we can't know, we can only assume. I believe it was not sped up, but there is arguments both for and against that, and I believe that the arguments for this statement is better than the arguments against. So, I think it's real. :)
Answers.UserDisplayName: Friend of Kim
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T21:57:12.747Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2012-02-24T21:57:12.747Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: Friend of Kim
Answers.Body: <p>YouTube offers users the means to modify tempo. Accelerated playback exists all over YouTube. Sometimes this occurs when film recorded at 24fps is played back on video at 25fps. However, faster does not mean better or more musical. Our brains are good at detecting musicality or the absence thereof, but sometimes it’s possible to compare the length of a piece as stated on the original disk with the length of playback on YouTube.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2023-07-10T14:05:13.443Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2023-07-10T14:05:13.443Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: Mike
Answers.Body: <p>There is nothing in this that looks or sounds even slightly sped up. As @leftaroundabout said, the original is paced a bit faster all the way through, but also has that tempo increase halfway through.</p>
  
  <p>While being a fairly fast piece, it is not challenging enough that I would anticipate speeding it up for any reason.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2012-03-29T12:20:53.590Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2012-03-29T12:20:53.590Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: Dr Mayhem
Body: <p>If given a youtube video, where one part of the video is normal, and the other part is sped up so slightly that it's hard to notice... is there a technical way of proving that it is sped up or not?</p>
  
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T20:11:13.363Z
Comments.Text: Would you consider posting a link in your question to the Youtube vid you referenced?
Comments.UserDisplayName: filzilla
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T20:23:17.873Z
Comments.Text: I would but I was hoping to not go the direction of having a debate about whether or not it is sped up by visual alone.  I was hoping for some technical advice about how to analyze such a video.  If it is deemed necessary to post the youtube link, I'll do so.
Comments.UserDisplayName: Vigrond
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T20:41:15.887Z
Comments.Text: Understood. As you know there are numerous ways time can be manipulated. It may start with time-lapse or slow motion right in the raw shot, and it may include further manipulation in the video editor, either compressing the timeline or stretching it. The range will depend on the video editor, e.g. Vegas Pro will allow a 4 x either way. When you have an instance where two things are in the same frame but moving in different time domains, aka bifurcated time, it should be obvious and usually the extreme as illustrated here: http://vimeo.com/29213923. However, your case suggests something close.
Comments.UserDisplayName: filzilla
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2012-02-24T23:37:15.090Z
Comments.Text: Thanks for allowing me to review the video. One one hand the crane like shots are a reference for the motion, these seem to indicate that the video was not sped up as the crane motion is pretty consistent. On the other hand after 3:38 when the piece picks up tempo, the medium and close up shots of the lead guitar show more blurring, which does look a bit unnatural. I think that since this was shot in a studio (less light than outside), the camera has to drag the shutter a bit and so blur would be expected, and faster tempo is going to make a CU of a hand appear more slurred.
Comments.UserDisplayName: filzilla
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2012-02-25T00:38:46.973Z
Comments.Text: @filzilla: if anything, there would be **less** motion blur in a sped-up video – which _could_ actually be used to determine if it was sped up, albeit only very inaccurately (and, of course, it would be easy to add the lacking blur in post-processing). Those shutter settings really don't have anything to do with the studio setting, 1. in any professional studio there is enough lighting to allow good camera settings and 2. since the light doesn't change, neither need the shutter settings, and such change is all that could be used to give a positive answer here.
Comments.UserDisplayName: leftaroundabout
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2012-02-25T08:28:59.970Z
Comments.Text: @leftaroundabout Well, as I think you said: You can very easily add motion blur on the computer, and as I said in a comment on my own answer, this is all about how good you are at speeding a video up. Filzilla: Yes, the cranes looks like they move persistant. But if they wanted to speed it up they probably moved the cranes more slowly and in the editing stage they sped up according to the crane movement?
Comments.UserDisplayName: Friend of Kim
Tags: <video>
Title: How to technically tell if a video has been sped up or not?
UserDisplayName: Vigrond
ThreadText: # How to technically tell if a video has been sped up or not?
  
  (Asked by: username_0 on 2012-02-24)
  
  If given a youtube video, where one part of the video is normal, and the other part is sped up so slightly that it's hard to notice... is there a technical way of proving that it is sped up or not?
  
  **Tags:** video
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_1**: Would you consider posting a link in your question to the Youtube vid you referenced?  
  > **username_0**: I would but I was hoping to not go the direction of having a debate about whether or not it is sped up by visual alone.  I was hoping for some technical advice about how to analyze such a video.  If it is deemed necessary to post the youtube link, I'll do so.  
  > **username_1**: Understood. As you know there are numerous ways time can be manipulated. It may start with time-lapse or slow motion right in the raw shot, and it may include further manipulation in the video editor, either compressing the timeline or stretching it. The range will depend on the video editor, e.g. Vegas Pro will allow a 4 x either way. When you have an instance where two things are in the same frame but moving in different time domains, aka bifurcated time, it should be obvious and usually the extreme as illustrated here: http://vimeo.com/29213923. However, your case suggests something close.  
  > **username_1**: Thanks for allowing me to review the video. One one hand the crane like shots are a reference for the motion, these seem to indicate that the video was not sped up as the crane motion is pretty consistent. On the other hand after 3:38 when the piece picks up tempo, the medium and close up shots of the lead guitar show more blurring, which does look a bit unnatural. I think that since this was shot in a studio (less light than outside), the camera has to drag the shutter a bit and so blur would be expected, and faster tempo is going to make a CU of a hand appear more slurred.  
  > **username_2**: @username_1: if anything, there would be **less** motion blur in a sped-up video – which _could_ actually be used to determine if it was sped up, albeit only very inaccurately (and, of course, it would be easy to add the lacking blur in post-processing). Those shutter settings really don't have anything to do with the studio setting, 1. in any professional studio there is enough lighting to allow good camera settings and 2. since the light doesn't change, neither need the shutter settings, and such change is all that could be used to give a positive answer here.  
  > **username_3**: @username_2 Well, as I think you said: You can very easily add motion blur on the computer, and as I said in a comment on my own answer, this is all about how good you are at speeding a video up. username_1: Yes, the cranes looks like they move persistant. But if they wanted to speed it up they probably moved the cranes more slowly and in the editing stage they sped up according to the crane movement?  
  
  ---
  
  ## 5 answers
  
  ### Answer by username_1 on 2012-02-28. Score: 1
  
  Technical reason's why I think this video is both not sped up but looks unnatural.
  
  Using the camera crane tracking shots as a time consent, I am pretty certain the video was not sped when the music tempo stepped up as the camera crane tracking shots that follow this appear to be consistent with the earlier shots. So for my eyes, I do not see a sped up video.
  
  The key thing I think that is going on here is that this was shot in a studio with studio lighting. Even with bright studio lights the stage area is large enough to demand the iris to be stopped down to get the most depth of field but the trade off is a slower shutter speed. When the music tempo picks up the close ups of the hands playing the lead guitar appear to be more slurred which looks unnatural. The longer shutter time explains why there is this slurring or blurring.
  
  Another element to consider in favor of the video not having been sped up: this looks like a live show, in other words, there was no post production, everything was done live as for broadcast. You can't speed up video in real time and match it with the sound unless maybe you have a whole chain of effects and delay lines which does not seem practical for this.
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_0**: I would like to mark this question as answered, or give some thumbs up out, but your answer still strays from my technical answer request.  Again, I do not want answers based on visual alone.  If I handed this video to the FBI and asked them to prove it was sped up in a court of law, how would they prove or disprove it?  They would need some kind of technical proof to do so, and conversations about how it looks or about how its blurry or unnatural do not provide anything really meaningful.  I was looking more for something along the lines of analyzing frames, but I suppose there is no answer.  
  > **username_3**: @username_0 No, there isn't.. :(  
  > **username_1**: What you are looking for is perhaps beyond the expertise of this group, Forensic video analysis is not something I would expect to get a solid answer on in this forum. However, you never know, maybe one of the CIA or FBI Forensic Video experts hangs out here? It never hurts to ask. Conclusion: understanding time constants, depth of field, slow shutter speed, and the possibility that this was a live broadcast are not technical enough to satisfy your answer.  
  
  ---
  
  ### Answer by username_4 on 2012-04-02. Score: 1
  
  Slowing down a video is a magic thing, but isn't cinema magical?
  
  1. What we are dealing with?
  
  > Video/cinema is a big lie. All we have there are photos, called frames.
  
  1. What we are looking for?
  
  > To "slowdown" a "video", you need more frames per second. Since they
  > cannot be recorded again with a higher speed cam, the only way is to
  > create intermediate frames, just repeating, or blending frames.
  
  You should look for this(repeated or mixed frames), as a prove of the "slowdown" process, made by a computer. If you made the "slowdown" in the cam (shooting more frames per second) the process is smooth, and no prove can be extracted. Sure you should download the video to your computer to do this kind of observation.
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_2**: Decent slow-motion algorithms will use more clever interpolation than just blending between pictures, so even when the video is slowed down to 1/4 its original speed there are no repeated or "mixed" frames. — Anyway, the question was about _sped up_, not slowed down.  
  > **username_4**: lol. You right. My mistake. So, no prove at all. Sped up just steal frames, how u gonna look for this?  
  
  ---
  
  ### Answer by username_3 on 2012-02-24. Score: 1
  
  There is unfortunally (or maybe fortunally) no way to see if it is slowed down or sped up if done properly. What you have to look for is their movements. I'm not a guitar player, so I can't tell if it is real, but I think it sounded and looked real.
  
  If you study the people there you can see that they move pretty natural. You can see on several occations that they blink in normal speed, but you also see that the main guitar player looks from place to place pretty rapidly. But from
  my experience with the piano you do everything a little bit faster when you play fast. Because you need to look at what you do, and when you are working hard with your brain and "slowing" everything down to keep up the pace you do things fast. The left hand finger movement also looked pretty natural. If it was sped down it would probably have been unnaturally fast and awquard movements.
  
  Everything looked like it goes in normal speed, even their foots. Normally you have a constant speed on your foot when you tramp the beat. Depending on how slow you play you just increase the time you have your foot flat on the ground. Their foots didn't look like they went up and down too fast. If they had sped it up they would probably have had a small brake holding their foots flat on the ground before tramping the beat again really fast.
  
  Secondly I don't see why a spanish TV programme would slow down their footage or why a good guitarist wouldn't be able to play that.
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_0**: See my comments above, this is precisely the type of answer I would like to avoid.  Technical answers only please.  
  > **username_3**: Yes, I answered that, but I also wanted to help you out. :) "There is unfortunally (or maybe fortunally) no way to see if it is slowed down or sped up if done properly. What you have to look for is their movements. "  
  > **username_0**: is there a particular reason *why* it is not possible 'if done properly'?  
  > **username_1**: FYI: I am a guitarist, and the hand movements look spot on.  
  > **username_3**: Yupp, so if you play the guitar and you too think it looked natural I think it's not sped up. The reason is that if you speed a video up you can use good programs or cheap programs. If you use AE you could for example use KRONOS to slow things down a lot, and it still looks real. If you use the right software and don't overdo it you can't detect it. Just an awkward example: Go through the alphabet. Note down the letters you can't say without moving your mouth. A ventriloquist changes these letters to letters you don't have to move your mouth to say. Example: F - Fabulous. If you thay Th  
  > **username_3**: instead you say Thabulous. If you manage to say that naturally noone will ever notice that you really don't say Fabulous. Just listen to a ventriloquist on Youtube. You can't hear it even when you know their secret! If they are good at it, you can't notice. It's almost the same with video. The computer calculates how the video would have been like if it had been filmed in twice or half the speed. If you overdo it or the software isn't good enough, it will be noticable. If you keep it more suddle and use a good program, then it will be unnoticable.  
  > **username_2**: What exactly is your point now? Of course a good guitarist would be able to do it in this tempo (the original version is rather more energetic, but of course that's Paco himself!). It seems highly unlikely to me that they _planned_ to speed this up, but maybe they found out it was slower than intended when they listened to the record but didn't want to record it all over again, and therefore decided to give it just a little extra-push – as you say yourself, a [subtle](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subtle#Adjective) modification with a good program may well stay unnoticable.  
  > **username_3**: @username_2 I mean that we can't know, we can only assume. I believe it was not sped up, but there is arguments both for and against that, and I believe that the arguments for this statement is better than the arguments against. So, I think it's real. :)  
  
  ---
  
  ### Answer by username_5 on 2023-07-10. Score: 0
  
  YouTube offers users the means to modify tempo. Accelerated playback exists all over YouTube. Sometimes this occurs when film recorded at 24fps is played back on video at 25fps. However, faster does not mean better or more musical. Our brains are good at detecting musicality or the absence thereof, but sometimes it’s possible to compare the length of a piece as stated on the original disk with the length of playback on YouTube.
  
  
  ---
  
  ### Answer by username_6 on 2012-03-29. Score: 0
  
  There is nothing in this that looks or sounds even slightly sped up. As @username_2 said, the original is paced a bit faster all the way through, but also has that tempo increase halfway through.
  
  While being a fairly fast piece, it is not challenging enough that I would anticipate speeding it up for any reason.
  
  
  ---
  
  